- (oO. Bf

Subscriptions for 1906 are now due.

Vor. XIV.] JANUARY,” 1906. [No. 157. #
V f e
Hn Fllustrated Monthly Journal of Orcbidology.
Contents.
PAGE PAGE
Calendar of Operations for January eee | Odontoglossum x Smithii (Fig. 1) ste &
Cattleya X Maroni, Westfield var. (Fig. 4). 25 | Orchids at Glasnevin Prey;
Correspondence 32 | Orchids at Wilderspool, Warrington 3
Curiosities of Hybridisation 28 | Orchids in season 28
Cypripedium Fairrieanum, its native home 26 Orchid Portra BiSagr sa. ae ee G2
Exents of 1905 es ea gS] Be 1 (Fig eR
Liparis Loeslii in G lamorganshire 8 Paphiopedilum Bullenianum ( a 9): | see
Mexican Orchids, Notes rite Bl le resent t-day Orchid Culture ane gO
Nature v. the Orchid Giver ots ++« 24:} Societi
Votes ... ae rae 3, Manchester and North of England
Obituary 8 id oe sy SES
8 Royal Prortieuttutal nee wee eae

F. W.. Burbidge
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WorpswortH-

THE ORG loth Wy:

VoL. XIV.] JANUARY, 1906. {No. 157.

EVENTS OF 1905.
Ir is customary at this season to glance at the principal events of the past
year, and in matters orchidological the one event that stands out above all
others is the re-discovery and re-introduction of what has been termed the
lost Orchid, Paphiopedil or Cypriped Fairri The event
came asa surprise. At the beginning of the year we were speaking of the
plant as quite inaccessible, and even unknown to many Orchidists in a
living state, but now it has flowered in numerous collections, and has
become quite a familiar object, having been exhibited on several occasions.

EXHIBITIONS.

The fortnightly meetings of the Royal Horticultural and Manchester
Orchid Societies have been quite up to the average in point of interest,
while the Temple Show was again a great success. The great summer
show was held at the Royal Military Hospital, Chelsea, instead of at
Holland House, and brought together a remarkable display of Orchids.
There was also a great Horticultural Exhibition at Bruges at the beginning
of August, at which Orchids were very | p t and a
similar remark applies to the monthly meetings of the Royal Linnéene
Society of Brussels, which have been recently instituted. And it may be
added that scarcely a meeting is held without the “appearance of some
novelty, in most cases, however, from the hand of the hybridist.

NOVELTIES.

Novelties among introduced species have witnessed a slight increase
during 1905. First and foremost may be mentioned the handsome
Oncidium corynephorum, Lindl., a Peruvian species which has at last
flowered in cultivation, in the collection of E. Ashworth, Esq. It was
Lissochilus Mahoni and L.

figured as the frontispiece to our last volume.

Ugandz are two handsome species from Uganda, which have flowered at

Kew, and have been figured in the Botanical Magazine. Arachnanthe

annamensis is a handsome species, introduced from Annam by Messrs.

Sander and Sons, and flowered at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Glasnevin.

Vanda Watsoni, Cymbidium erythrostylum, and Eria globifera have a
z

2 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [January, 1906.

similar history. Cymbidium Sanderi is another handsome species from
Annam, but we are not certain that it differs from the earlier C. insigne.
There are also C. Schreederi, and Eulophia paniculata, while Cypripedium
tibeticum—a true Cypripedium, by the way—has flowered among Messrs.
Veitch’s Chinese introductions. These are the more striking among
imported species, and we pass along to the

HYBRIDS.

These have, as usual, been numerous, and two of the most remarkable
were Odontonia X Lairesseze and Dialelia x Veitchii. The former was
raised by M. A. de Lairesse, from Odontoglossum crispum and Miltonia
Warscewiczii, and the latter by Messrs. Veitch, from Diacrium bicornutum
and Lelia cinnabarina.. Other interesting things are Brassocattleya x
Peetersii, Promeneza X C h Stanhop xX Wolteriana, Cattleya
x Lawreglossa, C. X Appletoni and C. x Aurora, Lzelio-cattleya xX
Alexandri, L.-c. x crispo-Hardyana, L.-c. x vivicans, and various others,
including quite a number of

ODONTOGLOSSUMS.

The progress which is being made. with this genus is remarkable. In
the first place we may mention the way in which the Mexican and
Colombian species have been united. First came'O. x Lairessei, derived
from O. Cervantesii roseum @ and O. Edwardii 3 , and figured at page 81 of
our last volume, and a few months later came O. x Smithii, from O.
Rossii rubescens 2? and O. X Harryano-crispum ¢, figured at page 9 of
the present issue. O. x Thompsonianum, derived from O. crispum and O.
Edwardii is another very remarkable thing, which is figured at page 241
of our last volume. O. X Vuylstekez, figured at page 361, stands unrivalled
for richness of colouring. O. x Fascinator, O. x Othello, and O. X
Pheebe, all figured at page 201, are also handsome, while other novelties
are seen in O. X Wiganianum, O. x blando-nobile, O. x Stella, O. X
warnhamense, O..X Ossultoni and O. x formosum (figured at page 297)-
Besides these we have four remarkable seedling forms of O. crispum, all of
which have been figured (pp. 48, 112, 145, 337). A last reference to
Mr. Crawshay’s fine house of seedlings, figured at page 177, will suffice to
show how great is the progress made within the year.

CERTIFICATED ORCHIDS.

These are again very numerous, as is apparent on glancing through our
reports. Over thirty First-class Certificates were issued by the R.H.S.,
the list including eight Cattleyas, seven Odontoglossums, five Cypri-
pediums, with Cymbidium and Lelio-cattleya three each, the remainder
being Calanthe x Chapmanii, Brassocattleya x sale Zyeoreteae x
Ballii, Oncidium corynephorum, and Vanda Sand illingham var.
Awards of Merit have been very numerous, while Cie Cultural

January, 1¢06.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. sf

‘Commendations have been given, and the Lindley Medal has been awarded
on at least three occasions, showing that the cultural side of the question
chas been equally well to the fore. In fact progress has been written large
-over the year’s doings.

LOSSES DURING THE YEAR.

The hand of death has removed from our midst Mr. H. G. Moon, the
-well-known artist, and Mr. John Bidgood, while almost as we write comes
mews of the decease of an old friend, in the person of Mr. F. W. Burbidge.
The two latter were members of the R.H.S Scientific Committee.

The prospects for the coming year are particularly bright, and the
scheme of exhibitions organised by the R.H.S., as reported in our October
issue, should keep our favourites to the front from January to December.
May the promise be fulfilled, and may our readers all have a share in the
“year’s progress! Lastly, to one and all, we wish

“A HAPPY NEW YEAR.”

ORCHIDS AT WILDERSPOOL, WARRINGTON.

It was recently my great pleasure to visit the Orchid houses of William
Bolton, Esq., Mayor of Warrington. An intelligent observer could not
fail to learn much in Orchid culture there, even if alone, but in the com-
-pany of Mr. Bolton and his intelligent gardener, Mr. W. H. Cain, the visit
became trebly interesting. Mr. Bolton has about thirty houses devoted
‘solely to Orchids, varying from 40 to 75 feet long, and from 9 to 13 feet
wide. The houses are entered from a long corridor running north and
:south, from which the different structures branch off at right and left angles.
They are mostly one type, built low, with span roofs, and top light only.
The floor is the natural soil, beaten and trodden quite firm, the stages are
-covered with coke breeze, and are very low, not above eighteen inches from
the ground, which enables one to look right down on the plants, giving
great facility for inspection, small watering tanks are placed at convenient
-distances for watering purposes.

The first thing to strike the eye on entering one of the houses was a
Magnificent batch of about 200 plants of Cypripedium insigne Sandere,
mearly all in flower. Never before has it been my pleasure to see such a
-splendid sight, whilst under Mr. Bolton’s system of cultivation, the quality
and substance of the flowers were brought out to the highest perfection.
“One flower pointed out for my inspection was a real gem. It has been
raised from C. i. Sandere fertilised with its own pollen, and not only was
the flower finer both in form and substance, but a beautiful golden band,
dividing the white from the green of the dorsal sepal, gave it an air of great
distinction. | At a modest computation there would be well over two

4 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [JAnuary, 1906,

hundred flowers of C. i. Sanderce open at once, and the picture was well
worth a long journey to see. I believe Mr. Bolton holds the largest stock
of this variety of anyone in the kingdom, his plants numbering well over four
hundred growths, and all have been propagated from what were about
twenty small plants three and a half years ago.

Mr. Bolton pointed out to me with pride (and very justly) a grand plant
of C. Chamberlainianum, with leaves nearly half a yard long, and fully
three and three quarter inches wide (measured)! It made one wonder if it
were not some new Dracena, but a well developed flower on a strong spike
quickly dispelled all doubts. Here were also in flower C. i. Harefield Hall
var. and Youngianum, both fine, C. i. Bohnhofianum, and most of the
varieties of C. insigne, both yellow and spotted. In this house the visitor
is surrounded by nearly all the aristocrats of the Cypripedium world, of
which brief mention can only be made. I noticed about twenty plants of C. X
Maudie, growing along with its parents, C. Lawrenceanum Hyeanum and
C. callosum Sandere. C. x aureum Surprise was in fine health, as also-
were C. X Leeanum Clinkaberryanum, C. xX L. giganteum, C. x L.
superbum, C. Acteus, and C. x Prospero, while about fifty plants of
C. x Euryades were making a brave show. Mr. Bolton possesses about
forty plants of the re-discovered C. Fairrieanum, several of which have
flowered, and one or two are already bearing promising seed pods.

Mr. Bolton feels sure this species will astonish Orchidists when it is-
better understood, say in a year or two, when fairly established with strong
roots, and he certainly has several plants which are growing away most
vigorously. I also noticed a big batch of C. Charlesworthii of very good
form, having larger dorsal sepals and fine texture, while C. x Arthurianum
and C. X Hitchinsiz were making a fine show.

In another house were growing, like weeds, the difficult- i a Miltonia

Roezlii, and a thriving little lot of M. R.1 gl and M.
Cattleyas of the labiata section are well represented here, by fees of
strong plants, particularly striking being a group of C. Dowiana aurea
bearing over a score of beautiful flowers. ‘These were only surpassed by a
splendidly flowered houseful of C. labiata, consisting of about four hundred
plants, and these, of various tints, being intermixed with fine spikes of
Oncidium varicosum, mostiy var. Rogersii, made up a delightful colour
picture. Another house gave room for about a thousand plants of the
C. gigas and C. Dowiana aurea neta cowg unflowered, while overhead
hung a robust looking lot of Dend 1 and about a score
of D. nobile album.

In another house the visitor could not help being struck by the sight
of a splendid batch of Miltonia vexillaria, in all about five hundred plants-
These were just being repotted at the time of my visit, from four inch into:

January, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 5

five and six inch pots. The new growths and roots were really fine, and
promised a big blaze of bloom in their due season. I also noticed a healthy
lot of about one hundred plants of the beautiful but rare Oncidium
olivaceum, many of which were carrying good spikes of reddish brown and
purple flowers. A recently imported lot of Cattleya Mendelii were pointed
out to me as having already bloomed many valuable varieties.

But Odontoglossums form the chief feature of Mr. Bolton’s collection,
and of these he grows about seventy thousand, most of the good varieties
being well represented, and here, like most other collections where these
Odontoglossum gems are grown, they are rarely allowed to flower, being
divided and propagated for all they are worth. For instance O. crispum
Lindeni a single plant eighteen months ago, is now three fine plants. The
‘Odontos. generally are splendidly grown, and make big fine bulbs, which
carry spikes of from fifteen to twenty flowers, and often more.

And now a few words as to the cultural methods by which such
satisfactory results are attained. I think that these will come as a rude
shock to the anti-leafmouldist, anti-syringist, and the advocate of top
ventilation. The basis of the compost all through the establishment is
decayed leaves and chopped sphagnum moss. Mr. Bolton assured me he
had not used an ounce of peat for his Orchids during this last seven years!
and when you glance through the gamut of plants cultivated at Wilderspool,
the statement seems scarcely credible. Yet so it is, but this mixture is
slightly varied for the different genera. For Cypripedi bidi
etc., he adds to the leaf mould and moss a good sprinkling of marly loam,
which he procures locally, and some finely broken crocks and sand, and in
this they revel. Mr. Bolton also finds that most of the Miltonias,
particularly M. vexillaria, thrive much better with the addition of this loam.
Cattleyas, Odontoglossums, Oncidiums, &c., are put in leaves and moss in
about equal proportions, with a good sprinkling of sand. A fine batch of
Phalenopsis amabilis Rimestadtiana and O. Schilleriana were growing finely
in this, and sending up strong flower spikes. These were down on the
stages, potted in ordinary pots.

So much for the anti-leafmouldist, and now for the anti-syringist. I
‘may safely say that, for all practical purposes, syringing is the only method
of watering adopted throughout the establishment, and this, as Mr. Cain
says, is done whenever they require watering, foliage and flowers, and
everything, receiving their due share, and he has never yet seen any
harmful results. This treatment keeps the compost in that nice moist
{not wet) condition, which is undoubtedly the secret of success with this
leaf and moss compost.

The houses, too, are constructed without top ventilation, but at the ends
several panes of glass are made to open and shut, and these, when the

6 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [JANuaRY, 1906:

outside ditions are f. ble, are left open, and thus there is a free.

current of air running from end to end of the structure. Several fine plants-
of Oncidium macranthum placed just underneath one of these openings.
seemed to enjoy having their leaves blown about, and this in the month
of November.

Mr. Bolton, who has been growing Orchids about twenty years, takes
an active interest in his plants, and may be seen on most mornings, along
with his intelligent gardener, Mr. Cain, working at his plants, or potting
up some special variety.

Everything about the place gives one the impression that here are-
practised no fads. All is of the simplest construction, and designed for
efficiency and economy, both in money and labour. And the result is.
eminently satisfactory. H. THorp.

NOTES ON SOME MEXICAN ORCHIDS.

IN a recent number of the Orchid Review I observe a figure of Chysis
bractescens cultivated in a pot and growing in an upright position. It may
interest some of the readers of this journal to know that in a state of
nature it never grows in such a manner, but always pendant, the pseudo-
bulbs upside down, and each year’s growth from the dormant eyes continu
ing downwards. It occurs generally in damp, shady forests, usually on the
trunks of the trees, rarely on the branches, and frequently within ten or
fifteen feet of the ground, differing in this respect from most epiphytic
Orchids, which delight in airy positions in the topmost branches or forks of
the trunks of the larger forest trees.

In this latitude, 17° N., it ranges from almost sea level in damp forests
to 2,000 feet, after which it is replaced by C. aurea to 5,000 feet, apparently
the zonal limits of the latter, whose habit of growth is precisely like
C. bractescens, the roots of both species running up and down several feet
on the trunks of the trees they grow on, not spreading to any extent
laterally, from which characteristics we might infer that the pot system of
culture is hardly rational.

i subjected to id

ble drought and high temperatures
during the resting reason, which here is from February rst to the early part
of May, the flowering occurring in March and April synchronously with
the starting of the new growth, which latter progresses very slowly until
the coming of the rains towards the end of May.. During the months.
indicated the thermometer oscillates between 75° and 95° F. in the shade
during the greater part of the day, and from 70° to 80° at night, with very
little rain, though doubtless there is always an appréciable humidity in the
forest shades.

January, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 7

From June to November the rains are frequent and copious, though
there is plenty of sunshine at intervals, and a breezy air, from November
on until February, much cloudiness and mists, the extremes of temperature
ranging from 58° to 80° F, though for most of this period from 65° to
75°; and during the rainy season the range is from 75° to pba

rhe Orchids of the” district comprise

2 fordi E i E. ciliatum, E. atropurpureum, two

PA I.
f

fine species of Stanhopea—distinet from our Sierra plants, S. tigrina and
o. oculata—Oncidium luridum, O. altissimum, O. Cebolleta, Cycnoches

la giauca, Schomburgkia tibicinis, Coryanthes sp.,
Mormodes sp., and an epiphytic Sobralia with similarly coloured but
smaller flowers than S. macrantha, which latter occurs at not lower than
4,000 feet, and always semi-terrestrial.

Schomburgkia is never found here in tall, damp forests, but always in
more or less open country, oH often sadly sunburnt but very floriferous.
The Stanhof and Epid hl occur in shady places, and
the others generally in more airy situations, and exposed to partial sun~-
light. Besides those enumerated, there are many others, few of which are
of other than botanical interest.

Cycnoches, Catasetums, and Mormodes almost invariably grow either
in rotten stumps or the decayed portions of live trees, very rarely in live
bark, and, so far as I have observed, are the only Orchids of the district
affecting this preference.

The symbiotic relation between the roots of different Orchids, and the
bark of the trees in which they grow forms a most interesting study, and
the effort to collect from the forest and establish the plants in our garden
trees becomes at times a problem. On certain trees the plants languish
for no apparent reason, in others the results are most gratifying.

An exfoliating cortex is obviously unsuitable ; hypothetically, a rough
bark would promise the greater measure of success, and often so results,
yet many Orchids taken from trees with a bark of this character find a
happy home in the comparatively smooth bark of young Mango trees, and
I have observed Schomburgkia tibicinis growing on the very smooth trunks
of Oreodoxa regia, the royal palm, though more commonly in the rough
bark of a species of Quercus, found in open, atenet® country, near the
coast as well as inland.

Of the many Orchids I have collected in the Sierras, from 4,000 to
6,000 feet, few succeed at this low elevation. Oncidium Cavendishianum,
however, does fairly well, also O. ornithorhynchum and - Trichopilia
tortilis.

J. €. Harvey.
Santa Lucrecia, Mexico. i

38 THE ORCHID REVIEW. (January, 1906.

OBITUARY.

F. W. Bursipce.-—It is with profound regret that we have to annouuce
the death of Mr. F. W. Burbidge, M.A., V.M.H., the highly esteemed
curator of the Trinity College Botanical Gardens, Dublin, who passed
away in his sleep ‘on Sunday morning, December 24th, in his fifty-ninth
year. For some time Mr. Burbidge has suffered from an affection of the
heart, but the end came with ted sudd He was born at
Wymeswold, Leicestershire, on Marchi 24th, 1847, and educated in the
village school. After some experience in private gardens he went
successively to Chiswick and Kew, leaving the latter in March, 1870, to
join the staff of The Garden. In 1878 he went to Borneo and Sulu,
as collector for Messrs. James Veitch & Sons, and introduced numerous
fine plants, including the popular Cypripedium Lawrenceanum and
Phalenopsis Marie. The account of his travels is recorded in a very
entertaining work, entitled The Gardens of the Sun. On his return in
1879 he was appointed Curator of the Trinity College Botanical Gardens,
and in 1889 he was made an honorary M.A. He will be greatly
missed, but his name will be perpetuated in the graceful Burbidgea nitida,
discovered by him, also Dendrobium Gap acti Aérides Burbidgei,
Cypripedium Burbidgei, and Masdevallia B His wife, to whom
he dedicated the beautiful Phalznopsis Masiies) died only a few months
earlier.

LIPARIS LGESELII IN GLAMORGANSHIRE.

Tue discovery of the rare Liparis Leeselii in a new British locality is a
very interesting circumstance, which has just been recorded by Mr. H. J-
Riddelsdell in a note from which the following is an extract :—‘* The
locality in which it occurs was quite dry at the time of discovery ; in winter
it is no doubt wet, but never impassably wet. . . . There isa good
quantity, many hundreds of plants in fact, healthy, and in excellent fruit,
covering perhaps an acre of ground. The nature of the locality is to some
extent indicated by the association with Liparis of such plants as Epipactis
palustris, Orchis latifolia, and some O. incarnata, Scutelaria galericulata,
Hydrocotyle, and Anagallis tenella. Botanists will require no apology for
reserve in indication of the locality. There is no danger of the plant being
disturbed or exterminated by natural means. The previously known
distribution of Liparis in Great Britain included only five counties, Norfolk
and Suffolk, Cambridge, Hunts, and Kent. It may have been found in

The here is a kable extension of range.”
agen of Bot., 1905, p. 274.

JANUARY, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 9

ODONTOGLOSSUM x SMITHII
THE annexed figure represents the remarkable Odontoglossum X Smithii

{O. Rossii rubescens 2 X_ crispo-Harry r which Messrs.

im ¢), f
Charlesworth & Co. received a First-class C I

ertificate at t
ents the first successful attempt to
unite the Mexican Odontoglossum with the species of the crispum group,

}'
1e R.H.S. meeting

held on December 5th last. It repre

though not with the Colombian species, for O. Cervantesii and O.

Edwardii have already been combined (See O. X Lairessei, figured at page

Fig. 1. ODONTOGLOSSUM X SMITHII.

81 of our last volume). The photograph here reproduced was taken by
Mr. G. I’Anson, and kindly forwarded by Messrs. Charlesworth, together
with a flower. It is a very striking hybrid, and quite unique in colour.
The plant is most like the pollen parent in habit, and at its first time of
flowering produced a spike of three flowers. As regards

ape little need

be said, but the colour is remarkable, and presents a much stronger
, s

contrast than would be supposed from the photograph. The s

epals are

Ic THE ORCHID REVIEW. [January, 1906.

light green, margined in the upper halves with violet purple, and the
blotches are blackish brown. The ground colour of the petals is rather
lighter, and the violet-purple margin is broader and extends round to the
base. The front lobe of the lip is violet-purple, and the disc and crest
yellow, with some blackish spots chiefly on the lower half. The crest
,consists of about five acute central teeth with a few smaller lateral
ones, thus retaining some of the character of O. Harryanum. The
column is most like O. Rossii, and the wings broad and nearly entire. The
lip and margin of the sepals and petals are much darker than shown in the
photograph, owing to the well-known actinic property of this colour. It is
a very distinct and striking hybrid, and quite unique in colour and
markings, and Messrs. Charlesworth must be congratulated on raising
such an acquisition. It is dedicated to Mr. Smith, Messrs. Charlesworth’s
foreman.

++

SOCIETIES.
Roya HorticuLtTurar.
Orcuins were well represented at a meeting held at the Royal Horticul-
tural Hall, Vincent Square, Westminster, on December 5th, when the
awards consisted of one Gold and three other Medals, three First-class
Certificates, two Cultural Commendations, and one Award of Merit.

Baron Sir H. Schréder, The Dell, Egham (gr. Mr. Ballantine), staged a
remarkably fine group, to which a Gold Medal was awarded. It contained
a fine lot of Odontogl , the more not hy being the handsome O.
crispum Princess Christian, a handsomely blotched form with white ground
which is suspected may be a form of O. x Denisone, O. X Ruckerianum
insigne, which has been in the collection for about twenty years, the violet
purple O. ioplocon, an ally of O. Edwardii, and very rarely seen, O-
bictoniense album, Lycaste x Balliz, Oncidium ornithorhynchum album,
bearing several graceful panicles of flowers, Lezlio-cattleya x bletchleyensis
Ruby King, a large and very richly coloured form, and various others of the
Cattleya group, as well as a fine series of Cypripedes, including some
fine specimens. Of these the more remarkable were a fine C. X
Leeanum with forty flowers, C. x Charles Canham with about two dozen,
C. X Pitcherianum with over twenty, and several others were not far
behind, including C. insigne Sanderz, C. i. Harefield Hall var.-and @. 'X
Leeanum giganteum. The handsome C, X Baron Schroder; C. x - Rolfei,
and C. X Gravesiz were also noteworthy.

The Right Hon. the Earl of Tankerville, Chillingham Castle,
Northumberland (gr. Mr. Hunter), exhibited Vanda Sanderiana Chilling-
ham var., a fine tichly-coloured form, which gained both a First-class

January, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. Ir

Certificate and a Cultural Commendation. The plant was dwarf and
compact, with three growths, and five spikes, bearing an aggregate of
thirty-six flowers.

Jeremiah Colman, Esq., Gatton Park (gr. Mr. Bound), received a
First-class Certificate for Lelio-cattleya xX epicasta Gatton Park var.
(C. Warscewiczii x Lelia pumila prestans), a very large white flower
flushed with delicate pink, and the lip sulphur yellow at the base, with a
broad crimson-purple front lobe. He also sent L.-c. X Cornelia and
several cut Orchids.

G. F. Moore, Esq., Bourton-on-the-Water (gr. Mr. Page), received an
Award of Merit for Cypripedium x Actus var. F. H. Cann (insigne
magnificum xX Leeanum giganteum), a large and handsome greenish form,
with the upper half of the dorsal sepal white.

Mrs. Haywood, Woodhatch, Reigate (gr. Mr. Salter), sent Cypripedium
x Lady Tripp (x Harrisianum superbum x Euryades), a very dark rose-
purple flower.

Sir William Marriott, Bart., mr sretic House, Blandford (gr. Mr. Denny),.
sent flowers of Sophrolelia x aurea, Cattleya X armain-
villierensis, and C. labiatae

Francis Wellesley, Esq., Westfield, Woking (gr. Mr. Hopkins), sent a
good plant of Cypripedium insigne Sanderianum with six flowers, C. x
Juno magnificum, C. X Prospero Sedeni, C. x Leeanum Mrs. Francis
Wellesley, having a densely dotted dorsal sepal, C. insigne Mrs. F. W.
Moore, and C. i. Hopkinsianum.

Messrs. Charlesworth & Co., Heaton, Bradford, staged a choice group,
to which a Silver Flora Medal was given. It contained a finely-flowered
Trichopilia suavis, the pretty little Promenza lentiginosa, Ccelogyne
sulphurea, the yellow Lzlio-cattleya x Lydia (L. Cowani x C. Gaskelliana
alba), Cypripedium insigne Harefield Hall var., C. x Rosita (Charles-
worthii X callosum), a pretty light rose-purple flower, a good form of C. X

. Hitchinsie, C. x Gravesie, C. xX Leeanum giganteum, and various
other Cypripedes; also various Odontoglossums, the most remarkable of
which was the new O. X Smithii (Rossii rubescens X Harryano-crispum),
to which a First-class Certificate was given. It is described and figured’
on page g. i i

Messrs. James Cypher & Sons, Cheltenham, staged a particularly fine’
group, which gained a Silver-gilt Flora Medal. It consisted chiefly of
fine Cypripediums, the centre piece being a noble specimen of C. X
Leeanum giganteum, bearing fifty-six flowers, to which a Cultural Com-
mendation was awarded. .C. xX Leeanum and C. insigne were very
strongly represented, the latter including varieties Sandere, Sanderianum,
and other yellow forms, also C. i. picantentt, and five plants of the ae

a2 THE ORCHID REVIEW. {JANUARY, 1905.

Harefield Hall var., C. x Charlesianum Cypher’s var. (xX Leeanum
magnificum x Sallieri Hyeanum) a beautiful yellow-tinted flower, with
the upper half of the dorsal sepal white, and the lower half blotched with
brown. Other noteworthy things were C. x Fascinator, C. x triumphans,
C. X Tityns, C. X memoria Moensii, Dendrobium aqueum, &c.

Messrs. James Veitch & Sons, Chelsea, showed Brassolelia x Rolfei
4L. crispa X B. Digbyana), blush white with an elongated fringed lip.

AT the last meeting of the year, held on December rgth, there was a very
fine show of Orchids, Cypripedes largely predominating, and the awards
comprised one Gold and seven other Medals, one First-class Certificate, six
Awards of Merit, and one Cultural Commendation.

F. Menteth Ogilvie, Esq., The Shrubbery, Oxford (gr. Mr. Balmforth),
staged a remarkable group on the end staging of the Hall, with a frontage
.of fifty feet, the excellence of the exhibit being recognised by the award of a
‘Gold Medal. Cypripedium insigne was represented by nearly five hundred
flowers, and numerous varieties, the centre being occupied by about one
hundred flowers of C. i. Sanderze. There were also good examples of C. X
Maudiz, C. X Venus, and other hybrids, some good Phalenopsis, Lycaste
x hybrida, fine examples of Masdevallia tovarensis, and varieties of Lelia
anceps, with well-flowered Oncidium varicosum at the back, &c., the whole
being very tastefully arranged with foliage plants.

Jeremiah Colman, Esq., Gatton Park (gr. Mr. Bound), staged a brilliant
group, which gained a Silver-gilt Flora Medal. The group contained many
remarkably well-grown Calanthes, over two hundred spikes being present,
including C. X Veitchii and its variety alba, C. x bella, C. x Bryan, C.
x Wm. Murray, &c., numerous forms of Lelia anceps from the darkest to
the true L. a. alba, L. Gouldiana, L. autumnalis and L. a. alba, Masdevallia
cucullata with nine flowers, Dendrobiums, some good Sophronitis grandi-
flora, a good selection of Cypripediums, &c.

G. F. Moore, Esq., Bourton-on-the-Water (gr. Mr. Page), also received
a Silver-gilt Flora Medal for a fine group of well-grown Cypripedes,
including some good C. x Leeanum and C. insigne, the handsome C. X
Beeckmanii, C. x Nandii, some fine examples of C. x aureum virginale
and other forms of the hybrid, C. x Niobe, C. x Mrs. Tautz, some good
‘C. X nitens, C. x Chapmanii, the pretty C. x Blanche Moore, C. X
Amy Moore, forms of C. X Minos, &c.

The Hon. Walter Rothschild, Tring Park (gr. Mr. Dye), staged a group
of interesting rarities, which gained a Silver Banksian Medal. It con-
tained a well-bloomed plant of Pleurothallis Roezlii, P. Scapha, P-
pernambucensis, Restrepia aspasicensia, the rare Angracum Leonis,
Masdevallia tovarensis, M. macrura, M. Reichenbachiana, M. striatella,

January, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 13.

M. platyglossa, M. cupularis, M. Mooreana, M. triangularis, M. simula, M.
bella, the rare M. trinema, &c.

Francis Wellesley, Esq., Westfield, Woking (gr. Mr. Hopkins), sent a
few choice Cypripediums, including C. X Hera exquisitum, with a beauti-
fully spotted dorsal sepal, C. xX Mrs. de Vere Beauclerk (ciliolare x
Fairrieanum), a delicately tinted flower. allied to C. X vexillarium, and C.
% Thalia Mrs. Francis Wellesley, the latter a very richly coloured flower
of excellent shape, to which a First-class Certificate was awarded.

Norman C. Cookson, Esq., Oakwood, Wylam (gr. Mr. Chapman), sent
Cypripedium x Sander No. 2, brighter yellow than the form previously
shown, C. insigne Sandere, and C. X Leeanum Clinkaberryanum, with
twelve very fine flowers, a Cultural Commendation being awarded to:
the latter.

D. O. Drewett, Esq., Riding-Mill-on-Tyne (gr. Mr. Renwick), sent a
few interesting Cypripediums, Awards of Merit being given to C. insigne
var. Aberdeen, a large form with very dark blotches on the dorsal sepal,.
and C. X Mary Lee, Drewett’s var. (Arthurianum xX Leeanum), the latter
having the upper half of the dorsal sepal, white lined with purple dots. He
also sent C. villosum auriferum, C. x Ruby, C. x villma (xX Norma X
villosum), C. x Actus var. Viola Lee (insigne X Leeanum), and Cox.
John Heale (Druryi x Youngianum superbum), a pretty ivory white flower,.
tinged with green and spotted and marked with reddish purple.

Major G. L. Holford, c.1.E., Westonbirt (gr. Mr. Alexander), sent Lzlio--
cattleya X Clive variety delicata, having blush white sepals and petals, and-
arich purple lip, and L.-c. X C. Westonbirt var., the latter a noble flower,.
measuring 6} inches across the very broad petals, to which an Award of
Merit was given. The colour is bright rose, with the front lobe of the lip-
crimson, and some orange veining in the throat.

Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., Burford (gr. Mr. White), sent the pretty
white Schomburgkia chionod and its purple variety Kimballiana, the:

former receiving an Award of Merit.

Baron Sir H. Schroder, The Dell, Egham (gr. Mr. Ballantine), sent
Od gl X loochristi O. X orphanum, and O. X Wilckeanum
Schrcederianum, the latter a large pale yellow flower, heavily blotched with
red brown, which gained an Award of Merit.

J. Bradshaw, Esq., The Grange, Southgate (gr. Mr. Whitelegge), showed
the handsome Lycaste Skinneri armeniaca, and three fine plants of

d g X crispo-Harry , one having a branched spike.

Mrs. Holland, Wonham, Bampton (gr. Mr. Stacey), sent several interest-
ing hybrid Cypripedes.

C. D. Phillips, Esq., Newport, Mon., sent the interesting Guatemalan

L

Lycaste lasioglossa.

44 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [January, 1906.

H. T. Pitt, Esq., Rosslyn, Stamford Hill (gr. Mr. Thurgood), sent
Gomesa Barkeri and the South African Disa pulchra.

Messrs. Sander & Sons, St. Albans, staged a choice group, which
gained a Silver Flora Medal. It contains good examples of Ccelogyne
fuscescens, C. Massangeana, and other species, the remarkable Bonatea
speciosa, Cymbidium elegans and C. longifolium, Cypripedium xX _ St.
Albans, (C. X Antigone X Harrisianum), a richly coloured hybrid, C. X
aureum, C. X Fairrieano-Io, with feathered rosy lines on the dorsal sepal,
. X Niobe Shorthills var., &c. An Award of Merit was given to C. X
tessellatum rubens (concolor X barbatum), having the flower of an almost
uniform ruby purple.

Messrs. James Cypher & Sons, Cheltenham, also received a Silver
Flora Medal for a fine group, in which some good Cypripediums were
-effectively combined with Odontoglossums and other plants. Among
noteworthy forms were some good varieties of C. X Leeanum and C.
insigne, yellow and spotted, C. x Tityus, C. x Alcibiades, the handsome
C Charlesworthii, Cypher’s var., C. X triumphans, C. x Euryades and
var. viride, the handsome C. xX nitens Arle Court var., &c.

Messrs. Charlesworth & Co., Heaton, Bradford, received a_ Silver
Banksian Medal for a pretty group, containing the handsome Trichopilia
suavis, Lelia Xx Lydia, Leelio-cattleya x Alcyone, Cypripedium X
Acteus magnificum, C. x Gravesie, C. X Cardosoanum, some good C. X
Leeanum forms, &c.

Messrs. Hugh Low & Co., Enfield, also received a Banksian Medal for
a pretty group, containing some good forms of Cypripedium Xx Leeanum,
C. xX Euryades, C. insigne, &c., yellow varieties of the latter being.
prominent, and among thern the handsome variety Mrs. F. W. Moore.

M. Ch. Vuylsteke, Loochristi, Ghent, sent a few good Odontoglossums,
including two fine forms of O. X ardentissimum and O. x Wilckeanum.

Messrs. Heath & Sons, Cheltenham, sent some good varieties of
Cypripedium x Leeanum.

At this meeting, the Gardeners’ Chronicle reports (p. 417), in consequence
-of the remarks of a correspondent as to the identity of Cymbidium X
Maggie Fowler and C. x Gammieanum, the Orchid Committee had
before them the plate of C. x Gammieanum, from King and Pantling’s
Orchids of the Sikkim Himalaya, and the drawing of C. x Maggie Fowler,
together with other material considered before, and they unanimously
-agreed that there was no reason for considering the two plants as identical,
and therefore the Award of Merit given to C. x Maggie Fowler must be
sustained. The plant, it is said, was obtained from Messrs. Charlesworth.
Thus the Committee are of opinion that C. x Maggie Fowler is a natural
hybrid between C. elegans and C. giganteum.

January, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 15

MANCHESTER AND NORTH OF ENGLAND ORCHID.
A MEETING of this Society was held at the Corn Exchange, Manchester,
on November 23rd,, when there was a fine display of Orchids, the awards.
consisting of five medals, two First-class Certificates, and three Awards of
Merit.

G. W. Law-Schofield, Esq, Rawtenstall (gr. Mr. Shill), staged a choice,
group of well-g C di to which a Silver-gilt Medal was given.
A First-class Certificate: was given to C. X Euryades var. splendens, and
Awards of Merit to C. X Bookeri, and C. X Leeanum New Hall Hey var.

J. H. Craven, Esq., Keighley, Yorks (gr. Mr. Corney), also received a
Silver-gilt Medal for a fine group, including several good plants of the
brilliant Epidendrum vitellinum.

W. Laverton, Esq., Nantwich, Cheshire (gr. Mr. Smith), received a
Bronze Medal for a group of a dozen interesting Cypripedes, including a
good C. X Lathamianum, a yellow form of C. insigne, and C. x Actzus
Redcliffe var., the latter receiving an Award of Merit.

Messrs. William Bull & Sons, Chelsea, received a First-class Certificate
for Sophrocattleya Xx Doris, a handsome hybrid from Sophronitis grandi-
flora and Cattleya Dowiana aurea.

Messrs. James Cypher & Sons, Cheltenham, staged a very fine group, to
which a Silver Medal was given. It contained many good Cypripediums,
specially noteworthy being a fine C. insigne Harefield Hall var., C. i.,
Luciani, several good forms of C. x Leeanum, C. x Fascinator, &c. ;
also the beautiful Miltonia vexillaria var. Leopoldi.

Messrs. A. J. Keeling and Sons, Bradford, received a Bronze Medal for
a good miscellaneous group.

Messrs. Charlesworth and Co., Heaton, Bradford, sent a form of
Odontoglossum crispum having beeeny spotted flowers.

Tue meeting held on December 7th was one of the most-successful the |
Society has ever held, and a remarkable display of plants was on view.
The awards included two Gold Medals, and six First-class Certificates.

A magnificent group was staged by G. F. Moore, Esq., Bourton-on-the
Water (gr. Mr. Page), which had required two pantechnicon vans to convey, :
it to Manchester. The group hada frontage of about sixty feet, and was
very tastefully arranged, with palms at the back and a few bright Codizums.
A Gold Medal and a Special Vote of Thanks were awarded. The forms of
Cypripedium insigne were remarkable, and included dozens of named
varieties in fine condition. Other species and hybrids were also well
represented, and the group was oe age up with some good Oncidium
varicosum Rogersii and Dendrobi psis. First-class Certificates
were given to C. x F. H. case (insigne magnificum X Leeanum

16 THE ORCHID REVIEW. | January, 1906.

magnificum) and C. insigne sylhetense giganteum, and Awards of Merit to
C. i. Kathleen Corser and C. x Blanche Moore.

A. Warburton, Esq., Haslingden (gr. Mr. Raven), staged a fine group,
which gained a Silver Medal, the more noteworthy plants being several
good forms of Odontoglossum crispum, and half-a-dozen plants of Cypri-
pedium insigne Harefield Hall var. First-class Certificates were given to
C. x Thalia giganteum and C. x Mary Beatrice, and an Award of Merit
to C. X aureum yar. Purity.

R. Ashworth, Esq., Newchurch (gr. Mr. Pidsley) staged a beautiful
group of Odontoglossums, to which a Silver Medal was given.

J. Leemann, Esq., Heaton Mersey (gr. Mr. Smith), received Awards of
Merit for Cypripedium x Arthurianum Leemann’s var., C. insigne vat.,
Leo, and C. X Standard.

S. Gratrix, Esq., Whalley Grange (gr. Mr. Cypher), received Awards of
Merit for Cypripedium x poi (callosum Sandere x bellatulum
album), and C. x F. Sander.

G. W. Law-Schofield, Esq., Rawtenstall (gr. Mr. Shill), received an
Award of Merit for Cypripedium x Tityus Schofield’s var.

S. Briggs-Bury, Esq., Accrington, and Walter Laverton, Esq., Nant-
wich, also sent some interesting exhibits.

Messrs. Charlesworth and Co., Heaton, Bradford, sent Odontoglossum
X Smithii (Rossii rubescens X Harryano-crispum), a remarkable hybrid, to
which the Committee awarded a First-class Certificate and a Gold Medal, in
appreciation of such a successful attempt to unite the Mexican and
Columbian Odontoglossums (See page g for a portrait). They also
showed a good miscellaneous group, which gained a Silver Medal.

Messrs. James Cypher and Sons, Cheltenham, also received a Silver
Medal for a fine group, consisting largely of Cypripediums, in which yellow
and other forms of C. insigne, also the fine Harefield Hall var., were
conspicuous. A Silver Medal was also awarded to a noble“ specimen of C.
x Leeanum giganteum, bearing over fifty flowers.

M. Ch. Vuylsteke, Ghent, received a First-class Certificate for Odonto-
glossum X Wilckeanum var. Rex, a noble form.

Messrs. Sander and Sons, St. Albans, sent a pretty group of hybrid
Cypripediums, including some good forms of C. X Hitchinsie, a Vote
of Thanks being accorded.

Mr. D. McLeod, Chorlton-cum-Hardy, also received a Vote of Thanks
for a small group of Cypripediums, in which C. x Morganiz, a fine C.cz
nitens, and some yellow forms of C. insigne were conspicuous.

A few other interesting exhibits were sent by Messrs. A. J. Keeling and
Sons, Bradford, Mr. J. Robson, Altrincham, and Mr. H. H. Clegér
Prestwich.

January, 1606.] THE ORCHID REVIEW.

17
PAPHIOPEDILUM APPLETONIANUM & P. BULLENIANUM.
Two closely allied species are 1a gm in the annexed illustration,
namely the Siamese Paphiop A and the Bornean P.
Bullenianum, and their characters and distribution form a very interesting
if puzzling problem. We may consider them in the order of their
appearance.

P. BULLENIANUM (fig. 3) was originally introduced from Borneo, by
Messrs. Hugh Low and Co., and was described by Reichenbach in 1865,
under the name of Cypripedium Bullenianum, in honour of Mr. Bullen,

Fig. 2. P. APPLETONIANUM. Fig. 3. P. BULLENIANUM.

then foreman at Upper Clapton. Mr. Day, who made a painting in
February, 1865 (Coll. Draw., ix., t. 35), added the information that it was
imported with C. Hookere, and afterwards he remarked that he saw a
hundred flowers at Messrs. Low’s in February, 1867, adding :—‘ Mr.
Builen is indignant at his name being given to so unattractive a species.”
A second painting was made in December, 1883 (/.c., xxxix, t. 89), Mr.
Day then remarking :—“ From a plant of my own, which I bought of
Messrs. Hugh Low & Co., for C. Hooker. They both came from the

18 THE ORCHID REVIEW. ° [JANUARY, 1906.

same locality in Borneo, and are so exactly alike when not in bloom that
they cannot be distinguished.” In 1889 Messrs. Veitch made it a variety
of C. Hookerz (Man. Orch., iv., p. 32), and in 1895 it was described as a new
species, under the name of Paphiopedilum amabile (Hallier fil. in Nat.
Tidschr. Nederl. Ind., liv., p. 450), and afterwards figured from a photo-
graph (Ann. Jard. Bot. Buitenz., xiv.,p.18, t. 4). Its characters are well
shown in the annexed figure.

P. APPLETONIANUM (fig. 2) appeared in a rather mysterious way. It
was described in 1893, from a plant in the collection of W. M. Appleton,
Esq., of Weston-super-mare, under the name of Cypripedium Appletonianum
(Gower in Garden, 1893, i. p. 95), and was said to have been introduced
with C. Hooker, from which it differed in the flowers, and in the absence
of tessellation from the leaves. Then it was made a variety of C.
Bullenianum, owing to the close resemblance to that species in its flowers
(Rolfe in Orch. Rev., i. p. 135). Soon afterwards it was described under the
name of C. Poyntzianum (O’Brien in Gard. Chron., 1894, i. p. 36), from
a piant which appeared among imported C. callosum, and about the same
time it came from Glasnevin as C. O’Brienianum, under which name Mr.
Moore purchased it. A year later it received another name, being
described as C. Wolterianum (Krinzl. in Gard. Chron. 1895, i., p. 166). It is
now believed that all the plants known came from Siam, where it grows in
abundance with C. callosum, and is frequently introduced with it. Its
appearance can now be traced back to January 1889, when it flowered at
Kew among some plants purchased as imported C. callosum. In fact the
two are quite indistinguishable until flowers appear. They also hybridise
in a wild state, and the hybrid thas also been raised artificially, as has
already been pointed out (O.R., xi., p- 44), the history and a figure
being given. : ;

The differences between the two are well shown in the photograph, and
are particularly obvious in the foliage, though other characters may be
traced in the shape of the dorsal sepal and lip, with a few minor details.
These differences are borne out by a comparison of numerous plants of
both species. From the numerous points of resemblance between the two
it may be assumed that they have a common origin, and this would
make the resemblance to the species with which they grow all the more
remarkable. In fact it looks like a case of mimicry or protective resem-
blance, and in any case is a very interesting problem. It is an interesting
coincidence that the nearest ally of P. callosum is the Bornean P.
Lawrenceanum, which also has more strongly variegated leaves.

It may be added that several plants have just flowered at Kew, and
that the photograph reproduced was taken by Mr. E. C. Hart.

R. A, ROLFE.

January, 1906.} THE ORCHID REVIEW. 19

CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS FOR JANUARY.
By J. M. Brack, SrREATHAM.

Ir is with some trepidation that I begin the Calendar e SoPerations in the
‘Orchid Review, for I feel that the work is one of
and one which may influence to some extent those whose ideas are re not yet
settled on the best way to treat their plants, for it is to them that this
Calendar is more specially directed. My i ions from the administ
tion of the Orchid Review are explicit enough in this respect: “The main
thing is to foresee what must be done in the coming month, and make it
‘clear to those of less experience, who require such assistance.” It seems
advisable to make this clear at the outset, so as not to be accused by those
of more advanced Orchid knowledge of being too elementary.

Too much emphasis cannot be put upon the value of light during the
winter. The glass must be kept perfectly clean inside and out, and to
effect this it may be necessary to wash it outside several times within a
period of a month or two, if situated in a smoky district. All plant cleaning
and house-scrubbing should be finished by the end of the month.

Insect Pests.—Cattleyas, Dendrobiums, and a good many other
pseudobulbous Orchids are frequently attacked by scale. Its dislodgment
can be effected by means of a stiff brush, when the plants affected should
be washed with a solution of fir-tree oil or some other insecticide. This
pest flourishes most when the plants are kept too dry, and in a dry atmo-
‘sphere, and it will be observed that it is mostly on the back of the plants
that it is found—away from water. There is here conveyed a hint that if
the plants were subjected to less drying, this pest would be less trouble-
some.

CockroacHEs.—A friend of mine who professes great prowess in the art
of trapping cockroaches, recently told me of the following method: A pound
of treacle and a pint of beer are mixed together, and a quantity of the
mixture poured into ordinary jam jars, which are distributed over the floor
of the house and tilted against the supports of the staging. The insects
are attracted by the smell, and venturing in, are unable to find their way
out again. A means of destroying them once they are caught will suggest
itself to readers. This pest is most rampant in the Warm houses, and is
very fond of svcculent spikes and flowers. Phosphorus paste on crocks, or
on bits of cabbage leaves, is a well-known means of destroying them, and
there are other preparations advertised which can be tried in turn, as the
cockroach soon begins to know a poison continuously used. Poisons
should be removed in the morning and replaced at night.

Woop-LicE.—Freshly scraped-out potatoes or carrots placed on the
pots make good traps for wood-lice. These should be examined first thing

20 THE ORCHID REVIEW. {January, 1906.

in the morning, and removed, then freshly scraped out, and replaced in the
evening. Wood-lice have a great partiality to Cattleya roots, with a weak-
ness for root-caps.

SLuGs AND SNAILS.—I have found succulent lettuce leaves the best bait
for slugs and snails. The leaves should be placed about on the plants when
growing dusk, and examined by lantern light last thing. Bran is also used
as a bait, but, strangely, I have never had any success with it. Orange
peel can also be tried. Incidentally, the spikes are the best bait, and
these should also be examined. These slimy marauders are hardly ever
found in the Warm houses, but are the chief insect pest of the Cool house,
and if not assiduously searched for they play great havoc among the grow-
ing spikes. Where no risk is to be taken, the plant should be placed on an
inverted pot standing in a saucer full of water, making sure that the leaves
do not touch adjacent plants. Cotton wool wound round the base of the
spike also prevents the slugs from creeping up.

Turies are fairly indiscriminate in their attacks, although some classes
—even species—are much more addicted to them than others. Here, again,
dryness and heat are conducive to their prosperity, but they make their
appearance sometimes for no apparent cause whatever, and from goodness
knows where. Fumigation is the antidote. When thrips appear on only
two or three plants, as they frequently do, these should be washed, and.an
eye kept on the surrounding plants. They are with us more or less all the
winter, and usually pay us a severe visitation about midsummer. If @
house full of plants is badly infested, it should be fumigated two or three
times at intervals of two or three days. Fumigation is not good for the
plants—even with ‘‘ XL. All”—and completely changes the colour of some
flowers. Plants in flower should therefore be removed before fumigating.

RED SPIDER is not very troublesome among Orchids, but it sometimes
attacks Dendrobiums. A hot, arid atmosphere is again the cause. It can
only be got rid of by washing all the leaves on the underside with some
insecticide, or sulphur, as fumigation, at a strength safe to use, does it no
harm.

CatTLeya FLry.—We hear very little of the Cattleya fly nowadays, and
I hope it is extinct in collections. It was introduced with Cattleya labiata
eleven or twelve years ago in enormous quantities, and menaced many
collections into which it found its way. Fumigation and cutting off the
affected young growths was as far, I think, as the means of eradication went.
There is also a Cattleya-root fly in some collections. It can be discovered
by the root swelling up into nodules. If these are cut open grubs will be
found inside. When these swellings appear, the root should be cut off and
burned.

It will be well to procure this month a good supply of peat, and have it

January, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 21

picked into lumps, and the rhizomes taken out and cut up for draining the
larger pots. The peat, after the dust has been well sifted out, should be
stored loosely in sacks. Apart from the saving of time later on, this pre-
paring of peat before-hand gives it time to become thoroughly aired, and a
quantity is handy to be exposed to the sterilizing influence of the sun a
week or so before it is required for mixing with the other ingredients of any
desired compost. Assphagnum moss deteriorates quickly in sacks it is best
not to get too great a quantity in at a time, and we have never experienced
much difficulty in procuring it freshly gathered. I prefer the double-
headed, brown sphagnum, as it is better ripened and does not grow so
quickly.

The temperatures to aim for during the month should be as follow :—

East Inp1AN House.—Day, 65° to 70°; night, 60° to 65°.

CaTTLEYA Hovuse.—Day, 60° to 65°; night, 55° to 60°.

INTERMEDIATE House.—Day, 55° to 60° ; night, 50° to 55°.

Coot Hovuse.—Day, 50° to 55°; night, 48° to 50°.

These are the temperatures which one should endeavour to keep during
sunless weather, i.e., by the use of the heating apparatus only, and the
lowest temperatures should be registered in the morning. They will rise
considerably with solar heat, and during very cold weather a drop of a few
degrees will do no harm, as it is better to keep the temperatures uniformly
lower than to have the pipes at a very fierce heat fordays together. In the
event of their dropping by any accident very much lower than those
advised, every effort should be made to get them up as quickly as possible,
as itis when the houses remain cold for a long time that harm ensues.
Particular care should be taken not to let the temperatures down after a
heavy watering ; it is better to keep them a little higher when watering has
been done to much extent.

DAMPING AND VENTILATION.—In the hot houses, where a large amount
of fire heat will, of necessity, be used, damping down will have to be done
to a good extent, but very much will depend upon the structure of the
house, and the manner in which the damping down is performed. It is
advisable to have a hosepipe fixed in each house, which makes damping an
easy matter and, at the same time, ensures its being thoroughly done.
Some houses will smell fiery, while others with a much higher temperature
will be beautiful and mellow. If a house is well provided with moisture-
holding material, such as coke or sand on the lower staging, with vegetation
of some kind or another on the floor, and a good supply of piping, a high
temperature can be secured, which will be of a healthy order. We find
damping once a day during the winter sufficient in our houses, excepting
during periods of hard frost. It may not be found necessary to damp the
Odontoglossum house even once a day, as there is less artificial heat to lift

aie THE ORCHID REVIEW. [January, 1906.

the moisture, but as air should be admitted here on all possible occasions,
there is not much danger from excess of moisture in this house. The thing
to avoid here is stagnation rather than too much moisture. The inmates.
of this house love a moist, buoyant and cool atmosphere, and when the
Odontoglossums are not throwing up spikes they will be more or less in
active growth, and will grow more during the next three or four months.
than at any time during the year. Air should be admitted to all the houses,
both night and day, by the bottom ventilators, when the weather is at all
favourable, taking care to avoid cold currents when windy by closing them
on the windward side. On specially fine days, when the wind is in the
south or west, the Cattleya and Intermediate houses will benefit by having
a little top ventilation as well—if only for an hour.

WaATERING.—Water with great care all plants, and especially those
with pseudobulbs that are dormant, but avoid anything approaching
shrivelling.

Portinc.—January is one of the coldest months of the year, and
although the days are perceptably drawing out we are still in the resting
period for Orchids, and where the collection is of small dimensions, of
where the labour is well able to cope with the work at all seasons, I should
say that any potting which could be done this month might be much better
left over until next, and this remark applies with added force to those who,
like myself, have to cultivate their plants within the fog-zone of large
towns. A fact also not to be overlooked when the period for repotting
arrives is the forward or backward condition of plants in different collec-
tions. For instance, plants grown on the Surrey hills, exposed as they are
to clean air and clear light all the winter, are in the spring at least three
weeks in advance of plants grown at Streatham, although only a matter of
something like twenty miles distant. This month is of a most changeable
character, and the fog, which threw despondency over us town growers in
December, may swoop down upon us again any time during the first three
parts of the month, and plants well anchored in their pots have more power
of resisting this scourge than if disturbed by potting. In any case, they
will lose nothing by waiting a few weeks, where it is desirous of pushing
along the potting, however, some beginning can be made this month, the
locality, the state of the weather and the condition of the plants all
being consulted.

OponToGLossuMs.—The majority of the cool Odontoglossums flower in
spring, and are in a right condition to be repotted in August and September,
but any that were in flower at that season, or missed being repotted for
other reasons, can be taken in hand this month or next. The best time to
repot plants of O. crispum and its natural hybrids, O. x Andersonianum,
O. X Denisonz, O. x Adriane, and O. x Coradinei; also O. Pescatorei,

January, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 23

O. Hallii, O. luteo-purpureum and others of like vigorous habit, is when
the new growth is about two inches high. Any plant potted in the autumn
that has shown unexpected vigour, and seems in want of a larger pot, can
be carefully knocked out, keeping the roots uninjured and the ball intact,
and placed in a larger pot, working the new compost round carefully, so
that the plant need receive no check. A good potting compost for
Odontoglossums is one composed of fibrous lumpy peat and sphagnum
moss in about equal parts, with a tenth of the bulk of oak leaves added,
together with a good sprinkling of sand, using fern rhizomes for drainage ;
pot fairly firm, and finish off with a half inch surfacing of sphagnum moss.
Freshly potted plants should be placed together so that they may have
special care with regard to watering.

ODONTOGLOSSUM SEEDLINGS.—Towards the end of the month I intend
going through these, and potting most of those that are approximately one
and two years old. The most forward of those that were raised last spring
and summer will now be put into two-inch pots, this being their first shift
into single pots. A two-inch pot may seem rather large for such tiny
plants, as some of them will be, but this is the smallest pot we now use for
any seedling. Pots smaller than this require plunging into other pots or
pans, and this, in my opinion, is not to be recommended, and a little
seedling gains nothing by being starved or cramped up for room.
Seedlings which were raised in the spring and summer before, and which
will now be about twenty months old, should be large enough to require
three-inch size. A good many of the seedling Odontoglossums raised at
Chessington during the early part of 1904 were put into three-inch pots
last August, but the majority of them are still in the two-inch size. It is
these that will be potted on towards the end of the month. Seedlings
which are three years or more old should receive treatment identical with
the established imported plants, but the smaller seedlings delight in a night
temperature of 60°, dropping a degree or two in the morning, with a crisp
moist atmosphere. I have found that Odontoglossum seedlings will not
stand any coddling by having sheets of glass put over the pots on to which
they have been pricked off, or by being put into glass covers, so often
recommended.

Compost.—A good compost for these little plants, of the size referred to,
is one composed of chopped up sphagnum moss six parts, clean fibrous
peat three parts, and one part moderately fresh oak leaves which have been
clipped up or rubbed through a half-inch sieve. A good sprinkling of
silver sand should be added to this, and the whole well moistened and
thoroughly mixed. The pots should be about one third filled with small
clean crocks, and a little of the compost spread over them. The roots of
the little plants should then be carefully spread over this, and the compost

24 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [JANUARY, 1906. ~

worked round with a potting stick, finishing off with sphagnum which has
either been finely chopped up or rubbed through a half inch sieve. Care
should be taken not to bury the base of the little plant too deeply, but
leave it under rather than on the surface of the compost, and below rather
than above the rim of the pot. A couple of days after potting they should
be gone over with a watering can and rose, well settling the surface moss,
which operation can be repeated in the course of another day or two, and
then afterwards water individually as they require it, but give them a good
soaking periodically, making sure that water has reached the drainage ot
them all. An effort should be made to secure the temperature I have
named as much as possible—by covering the house up with mats or
blinds—and as this will be difficult to find in any part of the Odontoglossum
house, a suitable corner in another house should be found, where the right
conditions are available.

SK

NATURE v. THE ORCHID GROWER.

Mr. Watson asks (vol. xiii., p. 348)—Is Nature’s way the wrong
way after all? . . . It is certain that she cannot grow seedling Orchids
as they are now grown by the up-to-date breeders, whose actual successes in
cross-breeding are beyond the dreams of the Orchid fancier of twenty
years ago.” I should rather put it that the Orchid breeder can now
raise seedling Orchids of many kinds as successfully as Nature herself.
Nature’s primary object is the reproduction of the species, and this she
accomplishes with complete success, though she cannot always protect
the young seedlings from enemies and adverse conditions. in the same way
as does the Orchid grower, who makes this his first.concern. Nature is only
incidentally a cross-breeder, but even this she accomplishes in some cases
wit kable success—Odontogl with a success which for years
was the despair of Orchid growers, who at last have learnt the trick. And
natural hybrids among Orchids are far more common than is sometimes
supposed. As regards culture, is Nature such a poor hand at the business
as Mr. Watson suggests? She can grow all her Orchidic children, but
there are many which baffle the best growers, because they have not yet
learnt just how Nature sets about the business in their individual cases.
Even as regards rest I am not sure that we can afford to ignore Nature’s

ways, and we are often copying her when we are unconscious of the
fact.

On page 357, line 8, “ heat” should read “ rest.” The sentence would

then be: Imported Cattleyas require ( or take) more rest than those that
are raised at home.—J.M.B.

JANUARY, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 25

CATTLEYA x MARONI, WESTFIELD VAR

THE annexed figure represents the beautiful Cattleya x Maroni, Westfield
var., which received an Award of Merit from the R.H.S. on September
26th last, when exhibited by Francis Wellesley, Esq., Westfield, Woking.
It is an extremely beautiful form, having bronzy yellow sepals and petals,
and a lip of the most beautiful rosy crimson, with darker veins in front, and
some yellow veining on the disc. The photograph here produced was not

Fig. 4. CATTLEYA X MARONI, WESTFIELD VAR.

taken from the flower direct, but from a very beautiful painting by
Macfarlane, and thefigure is necessarily somewhat reduced, for the painting
shows a breadth of slightly over five inches across the petals. The type, it
will be remembered, was originally raised by M. Ch. Maron, Brunoy,
France, from C. velutina ? and C. Dowiana aurea 3, and the combin-
ation has proved a very brilliant one, as the colours of the two parents
harmonise together sufficiently.

26 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [January, 1906,

CYPRIPEDIUM FAIRRIEANUM.
WHERE Is ITs NaTIvE HomE?

I was very much interested in your articles on the above species and its
hybrids, which appeared during the early part of the year, in which you
bravely attempted tosolve its native habitat. In the end we were left to
choose between Bhotan (Bhutan) and Assam, with a preponderance of
evidence in favour of the latter. In the light of its rediscovery, the articles
make interesting re-reading, for now, after most of us have seen the living
flowers on the re-imported plants, we are still struggling to solve the same
riddle. Let us make a few logical deductions, and see if we cannot locate
its native home.

Your remarks (0. R., xiii., p- 13), that the plant was sent to Europe by
Simons, who was practising as a Doctor at Nowgong, may have more in it
than appears on the surface. It is quite conceivable that in his profession
as Doctor he might be called to comparatively long distances to patients.
Such journeys northward would take him to the Brahmaputra River, and
probably across near the borders of south-east Bhotan, and here he would
in all likelihood find the new C. Fairrieanum, and his scanty visits to that
region would account for no new importations coming to hand.

Another important factor in the non-arrival of new plants was that
about that time, in the early sixties, differences arose between the
Bhotanese and the Indian Government with the result that the British
Envoy was bundled out of the country, and since that time, until quite
recently, Bhotan has been absolutely forbidden to Europeans. The
coincidence is surely striking. And now let us begin again from another
place quite 250 miles west of Nowgong.

When Sir Frank Younghusband conducted his mission through the
Chumbi Valley and into Thibet, he found it necessary to pass through
Some portion of Bhotan, and managed to so ingratiate himself with the
natives that he was introduced to their Ruler, who subsequently lent great
aid tothe Mission. On the return of the Mission to India this friendship
was not allowed to drop, and an officer with an envoy, who was sent to
invest the Ruler with a decoration, was received with much cordiality, and
given permission to travel where he would.

To this permission and envoy I have no shadow of doubt that we
Orchidists owe the very interesting re-discovery of the long lost C.
Fairrieanum. Mr. Dimmock, in your quotation copied from the Florists
Exchange, confirms this, when he says that we owe the re-discovery to @
British Officer whilst surveying in Bhotan.

But Bhotan isa large tract of country,

$ over 200 miles long by 100 miles
wide, and I think we can narrow the nati

ve home of C, Fairrieanum to 2

Oe TS ee ee

[January, 1906. THE ORCHID REVIEW. 27

quarter of this area. The route the Envoy would take to Punakha, the
Bhotanese capital, would be along and through the north-western portion of
that country, and their time, &c., being fairly limited, their return no doubt
would be much along the same route, with digressions north and south.

North of the route I should have very little hope pene the be ge
for the higher altitudes n the

Mountains, ranging from 9,000 to 16,000 feet, would be fai too cold to hope
for success here, but south of the route, where the valleys range from 4,000
to 7,000 or 8,000 feet, and running down to the Brahmaputra, here, in the
south-western half, and probably all along the southern portion of Bhotan
till we come to near Nowgong, where we originally started, I feel convinced
is the native home of our long lost and now rediscovered Orchid, C.
Fairrieanum.

Henry THORP.

[The above was received before our correspondent could have seen the
note reproduced at page 354. It is now pretty clear where the rediscovered
plants came from, but it would be rash to assume that it grows in only a
single locality. We have now two independent records from Assam and
two from Bhotan. Can anyone connect Captain Tronson with the
Bhotanese troubles mentioned by our correspondent? There is no doubt
about his having sent plants to Calcutta in 1861, and the record he gave:
was Assam.—Ep.]

ORCHIDS AT GLASNEVIN,

“You must see Vanda Lowii,” was what tempted us from the trees, and
that lovely stretch away down by the Tolka river where one could “‘ wander
and wander away with Nature, the dear old nurse.” Yet, Vanda, or
Arachnanthe Lowii, is a plant to be looked at, and to be talked about, too,
with one long drooping tail-like spike measuring 8ft., slung up over a tie- .
rod of the roof, and again depending to the bed on which the plant stands.
Other flower spikes were in course of development, but this one was
studded with its yellow flowers, heavily barred with chocolate, from top to
bottom, save the top pair, which, according to the peculiarity of this
species, turn to old gold with age, but become at the same time powerfully
perfumed, a friend remarked, attracting crawlers up the soil-touching
tails by the smell at the top. Amongst other Orchids in bloom were the
truly regal Cypripedium Curtisii, which impressed us as being the finest
of the genus we had yet met with; C.Charlesworthii, Burlingtonia venusta,.
and a grand spike of Oncidium varicosum, suggestive of the finest type,
Rogersii. The great Orchid collection impressed one by the fresh, clean,
and luxuriantly healthy condition — Journ. Hort., 1905, ii., 548.

28 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [January, 1906,

CURIOSITIES OF HYBRIDISATION.

I Have read with much interest the article by Mrs. Emily Thwaites on
the time taken by seed-pods in maturing. The shortest time I have
observed during the ten years that I have been hybridising was in the
case of a Lelia anceps crossed with Brassavola Digbyana. The capsule
opened at the end of three and a half months, and on examining the seeds
with a Stanhope lens I could find only about fifty good seeds, which were
‘sown in May, 1903. All the good seeds germinated, but only ten plants
survived, and two of them flowered at the end of September last. I have
many times repeated this cross since, but without success.

The longest time in reaching maturity that I have observed was in the
ease of a Cattleya Skinneri crossed with Epidendrum Parkinsonianum,
which took fourteen and a half months to ripen. All the seeds were good,
and germinated, but the young plants grew ata hopelessly slow rate. I have
only been able to save one of these, which is five years old, but not more
‘than 15 centimetres high.

On the other hand, crosses which I have made with Lelia pumila as
the seed parent have never been more than one year in ripening. For
example, L. pumila, crossed with Brassocattleya ¥ Mrs. J. Leemann, took
nine months, with Lelio-cattleya x Eudora, ten months, with Brassavola
Digbyana twelve months. All the seeds have germinated well, and, among
others, the last-named will soon be in bloom.

The difference between these results and those described by Mrs. .

Thwaites is doubtless due to the fact that in France we have a more
favourable mid-day sun and a warmer temperature than in England...

F. DENIS.
Balaruc-les-Bains,

Herault, France.

ORCHIDS IN SEASON.

SEVERAL beautiful flowers are sent from the collection of Francis Wellesley,
Esq., Westfield, Woking. Cypripedium x tessell rubens is a brilliantly
‘coloured form which received an Award of Merit from the R.H.S. on
December tgth last, when exhibited by Messrs. Sandér & Sons. The flower
4s almost uniformly ruby-purple, with a trace of darker dotting on the
petals. C. x Thalia var. Mrs. Francis Wellesley is a very handsome form,
to which a First-class Certificate was given by the R.H.S. on December
Toth. It is of excellent shape, and the dorsal sepal is copiously blotched
with purple, while the petals and lip are also very richly coloured. C. X
Mrs. De Vere Beauclerk (ciliolare 9 x Fairrieanum ¢), is a charming thing

January, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 2

g C. x illari but rather lighter in colour, and the petals-

very prettily spotted. It was exhibited at the same meeting.

Lelio-cattleya X Ophir magnifica (L. xanthina x C. Dowiana aurea) is
a very richly coloured form, sent from the collection of J. Leemann, Esq.,
Heaton Mersey, by Mr. Smith. The sepals and petals are very deep-
yellow, and the front of the lip light purple.

A fine form of Paphiopedilum x Leeanum is sent from the collection of
F. M. Burton, Esq., Highfield, Gainsborough, in which the lower sepal is
very broad, and like the dorsal sepal in colour, except that the spots are
smaller and limited to the basal angles. It is probably an accidental
occurrence, as the flowers were normal last year.

Several beautiful flowers are sent from the collection of the Right Hon.
J. Chamberlain, M.P., Highbury, Birmingham, by Mr. Mackay. Léelio-
cattleya xX Perseus (C. X Minerva X L.-c. X Clive) has improved since
its first flowering, and has broad sepals and petals of light purple colour,
while the front of the lip is very deep blackish purple, and the throat
yellow. Cattleya x Gem (C. Bowringiana ¢ X C. Dormaniana $) is a
curious little hybrid, raised in the collection, and has rather narrow sepals
and petals, lilac-purple in colour, and a three lobed lip with broad ample
side lobes, and a small round bright purple front lobe with darker veins.
The other flower is a light blush pink form of Lelia anceps, like a light
L.a. Hilliana.

A

an

series of Paphiopedil is sent by O. O. Wrigley, Esq.,
Bridge Hall, Bury (gr. Mr. a to illustrate the value or these plants
for winter blooming. The forms of P. insigne are very numerous, and
those of P. X Leeanum only less so, while numerous other hybrids are
excellent, and show how well their culture is understood. Space fails us.
to enumerate them, but a few may be mentioned. P. Mastersianum X
L I is a richly coloured form, fairly intermediate in
shape. P. tonsum, crossed with the same pollen parent, is also richly
coloured, but has more of the tonsum shape, and spots on the petals.
P. tonsum X niveum has resulted in a good form of P. tonsum, so that the
cross appears to have been ineffective. P. Curtisii X ciliolare is a
remarkably fine hybrid, which has brought out the best qualities of its
two closely allied parents.

Several beautiful flowers are sent from the collection of M. Oscar
Fanyau, Hellemmes-les-Lille, France, by M. Cleverley. Odontoglossum
crispum X luteopurpureum, now flowering for the second time, is, of
course, a form of O. X Denisonz, and has bright yellow flowers blotched.
with brown. O.crispum X polyxanthum is a nicely blotched form of O. X
waltonense. There is also an unspotted form of O. crispum, very closely
resembling O. c. virginale, and a form of Cattleya maxima with lines on the

30 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [JANuARY, 1906,

sepals and petals. It was imported eight years ago, and is now flowering ~
for the second time with the same character.

Two interesting flowers sent from the collection of R. I. Measures,
Esq., Cambridge Lodge, Camberwell, by Mr. Smith, are Paphiopedilum X
Salus (concolor X Dayanum) and P. x Hera Cambridge Lodge var., the
latter a very charming form.

A box of flowers from the collection of J. J- Neale, Esq., of Penarth, —
is sure to be interesting, for size and colour are not the only qualities
demanded of candidates for admission there. On the present occasion Mr |
Haddon sends a fine panicle of Seraphyta multiflora and flowers of
Masdevallia muscosa, in each case panied by a photograph. Other
rarities are Camaridium ochroleucum and Liparis longipes. The showier
species are represented by Oncidium crispum, Forbesii and tigrinum,
Dendrobium bigibbum, Masdevallia tovarensis, Epidendrum ciliare, Zygo-
petalum Mackayi and pallidum, while the graceful Platyclinis Cobbiana
completes a very interesting series.

Among the Orchids which are making a brave show at the present time

in many collections are Lelia anceps and L. autumnalis.

PRESENT DAY ORCHID CULTURE.

Mr. W. P. Bownp, of Gatton Park, Reigate, recently lectured at
Beckenham on “ Present-day Orchid Culture.” Mr. Bound considers most
Orchids as easily cultivated as “ Geraniums,” and predicts extended culture
in all gardens where there are glass houses. Propagation is necessary to
keep a collection vigorous. Beneficial changes are taking place, which
simplifies the operation of potting. At Gatton, all baskets, perforated pots,
&c., are being replaced by the ordinary every-day flower pot, and the potting
is done more like that for other classes of plants. The feeding of Orchids is
condemned in toto by Mr. Bound, but by his method of potting a more
generous diet is afforded than heretofore. Instead of filling the pot two-
thirds full of crocks, just one or two are placed in the bottom, then a
quantity of fern-rhizomes are chopped, then a compost of two-fifths peat
(and more of the fine is left in than formerly), two-fifths sphagnum, and
one-fifth good Oak leaf, well broken up, and a sprinkle of small crocks,
surfacing with chopped sphagnum, are what is allowed.

The roots of the plants, whether fleshy or fibry, form a guide as to
the compression of the soil about them. If fleshy, rather loose : if fibrous
vice versa. Mr. Bound does not favour a north house for Odontoglots; any
other aspect is preferable. Many questions were answered by the Jecturer,
and at the close the hearty thanks of the meeting was accorded him for his
very instructive and well-delivered lecture.—T.C., in Journal of Horticulture.

January, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 3t

NOTES.
Two meetings of the R.H.S. will be held at the Royal Horticultural Hall,
Vincent Square, Westminster, during January, on the gth and 23rd, when
the Orchid Committee will meet at the usual hour, 12 o’clock noon.

We would remind our readers of the special Exhibitions of Orchids to
be held through the year, as reported in full in our issue for October last
(pp. 293-295), and further point out that the special subjects selected for
the meeting on January gth are, Lelia anceps, varieties of the type
(coloured), with Calanthe and Calanthe hybrids. The subject for the
second meeting is Oncidium, and, of course, any species or hybrid of the
genus will be eligible.

The Manchester and North of England Orchid Society will hold
meetings at the Coal Exchange, Manchester, on January 11th and 25th.
The Committee meets at noon, and the exhibits are open to inspection from
I to 3 o'clock p.m. ;

We are yet a long way from 1908, but we have already received the
provisional Programme of the sixteenth International Horticultural
Exhibition, or Jubilee Centenary, of the Société Royale d’Agriculture
et de Botanique de Gard, to be held at Ghent from April 26th to May 3rd,
1908. Classes 17 to 96 are devoted to Orchids. We shall have something
more to say on the subject later on.

The last volume of The Garden is very appropriately dedicated to the
memory of the late Mr. H. G. Moon, to whom its pages are indebted for so
many excellent paintings, of Orchids and various other plants.

We have received for examination two beautiful paintings from Miss
Daws, Hawkhurst, Sussex, namely Paphiopedilum callosum and what we
take to be a form of the one known as Mrs. Canham. Both reached the
artist under the same name, and they have been sent to us for rectification.
The circumstance reminds us that Orchid growers are well catered for in
the matter of illustrations, as may be seen by a glance at our advertisement
pages.

A reader writes:—‘‘I am greatly interested in the Orchid Review.
There always seems something fresh to find out about Orchids.”

We invite our readers to forward us their experiences in any branch of
Orchid culture. Two or three interesting subjects are under discussion at
the present time, and such discussions make for progress. Photographs of
interesting subjects suitable for reproduction are also invited.

32 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [January, 1906.

ORCHID PORTRAITS.

AERIDES FIELDINGII.—Journ. Hort., 1905, ii., p. 589, with fig.

CATTLEYA BICOLOR.—Journ. Hort., 1905, ii., p. 565, with fig.

CaTTLEYA X PEETERSII VAR. Mr. Francis WELLESLEY.—Gard. Mag.,
1905, pp- 791, 792, with fig.

CyMBIDIUM X GAMMIEANUM.—Gard. Chron , 1905, ii., p. 417, fig. 159.

CypRIPEDIUM X Daisy BarcLay.—Gard. World, 1905, pp- 975, 977>
with fig.

CYPRIPEDIUM DEBILE, Rchb. f.—Gard. Chron., 1905, ii., p. 442, fig. 166.

CYPRIPEDIUM X San-Acr#us.—Gard. Mag., 1905, pp. 820, 821,
with fig.

CypRIPEDIUM X THE Baron.—Gard. Chron., 1905, ii., p. 405, fig. 1533
Garden, 1905, ii., p. 369, with fig.

DENDROBIUM JAMESIANUM.—Journ. Hort., 1905, ii., pp. 540, 541,
with fig.

DENDROBIUM LUTEOLUM.—Journ. Hort., 1905, ii., p. 519, with fig.

LissocuiLas Mauonl, Rolfe.—Bot. Mag., t. 8047 :

OpONTOGLOsSsuM X LAMBEAUIANUM EXQUISITUM.—Gard. Chron., 1905,
ii., p. 434, fig. 162.

OponToGLossum X Smitrut.—Gard. Chron., 1905, ii., p. 427, fig. 1583
Journ. Hort., 1905, ii., pp. 540, 541, with fig.; Gard. Mag., 1905, pp. 804,
805, with fig. ; Garden, 1905, ii., pp. 400, 401, with fig.

OpoNTOGLOssUM X VUYLSTEKEX.—Garden, 1905, ii., p. 353, with fig.

SopHROCATTLEYA X Doris.—Gard. Chron., 1905, ii., p. 412, fig. 154-

VANDA SANDERIANA, CHILLINGHAM VAR.--Gard. Chron., 1905, ii., PP-
437, 438, fig. 165; Garden, 1905, ii., p. 414, with fig.

CORRESPONDENCE.
(Correspondents not answered Ms may find replies to their queries on other pages, and in some
cases, for various reasons, they may have to stand over for a future issue. In the case of hybrid

patie sent for name, the holies and history should always be briefly stated, for without these
fetails we are not always able to deal with them satisfactorily.)

W. R. S.—The fomey is a fairly typical form of Cattleya granulosa. The variety
Schofieldiana i is much more spotted with brown on the sepals Ehdpetals
H. H. C.—A small, light yellow form of Odontoglossum x Adriane, a natural hybrid
between O. Hunnewellianum and O. crispum, which explains its coming with the latter.
Photographs received with thani’ Sods ads (a bs 2 os UF.

Owing to Siren ie on our space several matters are h udfnaty
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Vor’ XIV.) FEBRUARY, 1906, (No. 158.
THE
ORGEHD REVIEW:

e

Hn Zllustrated Monthly Journal of Orchidology.

Contents.
PAGE PAGE
attleya x Erotion (Fig. ++ 49 | Odontoglossum platychilum : OF
Ga laathe Veitchii, Hi igh C Sees ‘of + 44 | Odontoglossums, _ past, present, and
Calendar of Operations for February... 45 | future 5 Sys ‘ele!
Correspondence 64 | Orchid Portraits Fs aa see ., OF
c Spr peg is Willa amsianum and its allies 42 | Orchids at Kew er = i sang 5
Dies Orchidia: 7 33 | Orchids from Live rpool : ee: x09 6D
Hybridist oa Orchids in season... a saa a, 43)
| Societie

Srassolelia X Lelieuxi de
Latlia rubescens %

Manchester ‘and North of
Irchid Z

55
Novelties Res aed oan ] | Royal soe cirne al = 50
I I var. , RH. S. Orchid © ommittee 37

quisitum (Fig. 7) ... 4 wea oe, BF

*,* TITLE PAGE, FRONTISPIECE, AND INDEX

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?

TP ORD REVIEW:

Vox. XIV.] FEBRUARY, 1906. {No. 158.

DIES ORCHIDIANI.

“‘ Serps of choice Odontoglossums at one penny a packet,” did you say ?
Not just yet! but such a thing seems hardly impossible, judging by the
rapid progress which is being made in raising these beautiful plants from
seed. Mr. Crawshay has just written an enthusiastic article on the subject,
in which he remarks that ‘the future of Odontoglossums lies in the hands
of hybridists.” I think so too, but there is one observation that puzzles me
alittle. He remarks :—‘It is amusing to see those who hold quantities
of very valuable plants attempting to destroy their value by producing
them artificially.” And he speaks of prices ranging from £168 to £1,500»
the latter sum being ‘ commonly spoken of and said to have been paid”
for one marvellous form of O. crispum. But we cannot all add such plants
to our collections. Perhaps in the halcyon days that are coming we shall
be able to purchase them for less, and even regard the story as a “‘ passing
glimpse into a legendary world.”

We are indeed lutionising Od gl culture, and the remark-
able O. x Smithii figured at page 9 only served to emphasise the rapid
progress made during last year, as summarised on an earlier page. We
have now succeeded in uniting the Colombian and Mexican Odonto-
glossums, and both with the violet-purple O. Edwardii, besides blending
with the first-named the brilliant orange-scarlet Cochlioda Noetzliana and
the very distinct Miltonia Warscewiczii. When they are still further inter-
mixed, and a few other allied genera thrown in—for this is clearly possible
—some remarkable producti may be i d. And it is but a few
years ago that we were discussing the SO Ae of ever being able to raise
seedling Od in our collecti Such progress must tend to
popularise ‘ieee beautiful plants, for it is rapidly bringing choice forms
within the reach of every Orchid grower, and we may regard the change
with unmixed satisfaction.

33

34 THE ORCHID REVIEW. (FEBRUARY, 1906,

And look at the vigour of the beautiful seedlings which now appear at
every horticultural meeting. It is a pleasure to take charge of such plants,
which is not always the case with imported ones. In the latter case we
take in hand a batch of dried bulbs, and either pot them up at once or lay
them on damp moss, until they show signs of breaking. Some start
strongly and well, but others are weak and spindly, and a few die outright.
Then a few spikes appear, which are either pinched out, to prevent further
weakening the plant, or perhaps a single flower is allowed to develop just

to see what the plant is like. The first result is usually a large pro- —
portion of quite ordinary forms, with a few good ones, and perhaps one or ©

two surprises. The next thing is to grow them on, until they become

thoroughly established, but they often require much care*and coaxing ©
before they become as strong as seedlings of the same size, and then only —

do they appear healthy and happy, and a credit to the grower. Of course
seedlings can only be grown under proper conditions, but when these are
once secured they simply romp ahead with ordinary care. The need of

selection comes in in both cases, but the raiser has this advantage over the

importer than he can select the parents at the outset, and if only good

forms are used he can await the results with confidence. Quality must —

tell in the end, and the improvement, aided by selection, will be progres-
sive.

Some interesting remarks on the subject of “Nature vy. the Orchid
Grower” have recently appeared in these columns, and among them I noticed
one to the effect that ‘‘ somebody took Dendrobiums into a cold house in
the winter, and everybody followed suit.” But why was it? There must
have been some reason for the practice, or some benefit observed from it,
or it would have been discontinued. I do not know how or when the

—

custom began, but it is no recent development, as it has been practised —
with D. nobile as long as I can remember, and has since been extended to —

some of its hybrids and allied species. And the practice is sound, for the
complete rest which it ensures results in increased floriferousness. Further,
it isin accordance with Nature’s teachings, for in the region where these
plants grow naturally there is a wide range of difference between the summer
and winter temperatures, and during the latter period the plants get a com-
plete rest. To keep such plants in a hot stove throughout the year would
be a wide departure from Nature’s practice.

i But Nature does not grow all her Dendrobiums under identical condi- :
tions, and she succeeds in each case. The grower has to take plants as he |

finds them, and very frequently he cannot avail himself of many of the
hints which Nature provides for his guidance. In spite of this he often

Fesruary, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 35

succeeds in growing them well, which is all the more to his credit. But he
sometimes fails, and thus demonstrates that Nature’s way is not the wrong
way after all. His success also proves much the same thing, although he
may be unconscious of the fact, for it isa trite saying that the grower does
not change the nature of a plant by merely cultivating it. Hybrids and
races of garden origin, of course, do not affect the argument.

The recent remarks by Mrs. Thwaites and M. F. Denis under the head
of “Curiosities of Hybridisation” are very interesting, and I hope others
will contribute something from the rich stores of their experience. There
must be. piles of unrecorded experiments from which something useful could
be learnt.

I note with interest that the Royal Horticultural Society have arranged
another Hybridisation Conference, or “Conference on Plant Breeding,” to
be held from July 30th to August 3rd next, and the importance of the sub-
ject may be gauged from the fact that the programme extends over five
days, including the date of one of the usual fortnightly meetings. Orchids
are likely to be well represented, and the event will be looked forward to
with unusual interest.

A correspondent sends me an amusing newspaper cutting headed “ An
Orchid like a Bulldog” :—‘‘ The most remarkable flower in the hall was
an Orchid exhibited by Major Holford, which experts likened to a bulldog.
It was awarded a First-class Certificate. Its name is Cypripedium Alcibi-
ades magnificum.

“Tts bulldog likeness lay in its squat, heavy-jowled appearance. ‘ The
squareness of its dorsal and inferior sepal,’ said an expert, ‘and the petals
being so broad make it an almost perfectly round flower——-a most remark-
able thing in an Orchid.’ ”

How’s that for a description ? ;
ARGUs.
sibatace se Lee,

ODONTOGLOSSUMS, PAST, PRESENT, AND FUTURE.

Tuis is the title of an interesting article in the Gardeners’ Chronicle for
January 27th from the pen of Mr. De Barri Crawshay (p. 49). The author
remarks that the taste in Odontoglossums has changed of late years, the
heavily blotched forms now being the most sought after, whereas formerly
the fine unspotted forms were considered the more beautiful. From 1880
to 1885 the natural hybrids were much in vogue, the rosy and coloured

36 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [Feprvary, 1906,

forms being highly valued. After that came the day of high priced Odonto- :
glossums, commencing with the purchase of O. x excellens Knox’s var. by

Baron Schréder, for 165 guineas, the plant then being called a yellow
Pescatorei. Later on came the “spotted crispums,” the demand for which

is still growing, the plants of to-day being pre-eminently the blotched

crispums.

Now the garden hybrids are coming to the front, and those who observe
carefully the signs of the times can see that they will form the great future
of the genus. The hybrids will in a great measure displace the species,
always excepting the fine varieties of the species, which will be in demand
as parents. In the front rank are placed O. x Vuylstekei, O. X
Vuylstekez, O. x Rolfez, and O. x Smithii.

“We all know,” observes the author, “ that in Orchid-raising there is
no finality for the hybridist, his cry being always ‘ Better things are coming,”
and up to the present he has not been far wrong, though, of course, the art

is only yet in its infancy ; but if it goes on for, say, twenty years, with the

relative improving ratio of the last ten, well, what will be there then for

the hybridist of that day tocry? I hope I may be there to hear him and —

help him, as now, cry out ‘ Better things will come.’ That the future has

some marvellously fine things in store goes without saying. The crosses —

made and young plants resulting contain a wonderful harvest of fine things
for us all, and as each year goes by more care is taken to cross only what

will give a good result, profiting by the experience of past failures, of _

which I am sorry to say some raisers do not peak ; if they did so, it would
be to the general benefit of all others.”

Mr. Crawshay discusses the possibility of obtaining a scarlet, and even
a blue crispum, and remarks that no one will dispute the fact that we should
all go more or less mad if we obtained either the one or the other.

Respecting the garden-raised blotched crispum, Mr. Crawshay remarks —

“all of us are doing our best to raise this much-sought-for plant in quantity.
I say in quantity advisedly, for it has been done, but if only one now and
then appears we shall still be where we are at present. It is amusing to see
these who hold quantities of very valuable plants attempting to destroy
their value by producing them artifically. The reason is, I think, that
none of us believe we shall succeed so as to damage the value of our pre-
sent blotched crispums.”

“Contemplating the work done already, and considering the many
intelligent workers there are both here and upon the Continent, who will
say that the future does not contain a vision of hybrids that will possibly,
nay probably, make some of our present-day wonders look quite ordinary

things? I have no doubt we are upon the threshold of a great advance in
Odontoglossum raising.”

4

|
|

4

FEBRUARY, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 37

R.H.S. ORCHID COMMITTEE.

Tue following constitute the Orchid Committee of the Royal Horticultural
Society for the current year. (New members are indicated thus *) :—

Fow er, J. Gurney, Glebelands, South Woodford. Chairman. 3

VeitcuH, Harry J., F.L.S., 34, Redcliffe Gardens, South Kensington.
Vice-Chairman.

Cookson, Norman C., Oakwood, Wylam-on-Tyne. Vice-Chairman.

ScHR6DER, Baron Sir Henry, Bart., V.M.H., The Dell, Staines.
Vice-Chairman.

O’BrIEN, JAMEs, V.M.H., Marian, Harrow-on-the-Hill, Hon. Sec.

*ALEXANDER, H. G., Westonbirt Gardens, Tetbury.

AsHworTH, Evijau, Harefield Hall, Wilmslow, Cheshire.

BALLanTINE, H., The Dell Gardens, Staines.

Bivney, W. A., Fir Grange, Weybridge.

Botton, W., Wilderspool, Warrington.

Bonp, T. W., Elstead House Gardens, Godalming.

Boxatt, W., V.M.H., 186, Brook Road, Upper Clapton.

*BricGs-Bury, S., Bank House, Accrington.

Brooman-WuiteE, R., Ardd h, Garelochead, N.B.

CuapMan, H. J., The Gardens, Oakwood, Wylam-on-Tyne.

CHARLESWORTH, J., Heaton, Bradford.

Coss, W., 33, Broadwater Down, Tunbridge Wells.

‘COLMAN, JEREMIAH, Gatton Park, Reigate, Surrey.

CrawsuHay, DE Barri, Rosefield, Sevenoaks.

*Dye, A., The Gardens, Tring Park, Tring.

*LEEMANN, J., West Bank House, Heaton Mersey.

Lirtte, H., Baronshalt, The Barons, E. Twickenham.

*Lucas, C. J., Warnham Court, Horsham.

MacBean, A. A., Cooksbridge, Sussex.

Moore, F. W., V.M.H,, Royal Botanic Gardens, Glasnevin, Dublin.

Moore, G. F., Chardwar, Bourton-on-the-Water, Glos.

Morris, H. G., 68, Cheapside, E.C.

“ODELL, J. W., The Grove, Stanmore, Middlesex.

*OcILVIE, FERGUS M., 72, Woodstock Road, Oxford.

Pitt, H. T., Rosslyn, 57, Stamford Hill, N.

Porter, J. Witson, Elmwood, Park Hill-Road, Croydon.

SANDER, F., V.M.H., St. Albans.

Tuompson, W., Walton Grange Gardens, Stone, Staffs.

TuoRNE, F, J., The Gardens, Sunningdale Park, Berks.

Tuwaltes, R. G., 23, Christ Church Road, Streatham Hill.

38 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [FeBRuARY, 1906,

Tracy, H. A., Amyand Park Road, Twickenham.
WELLESLEY, Francis, Westfield, Woking.
Waite, W. H., Burford Lodge Gardens, Dorking.
Youne, W. H., Clare Lawn Gardens, S.W.

NOVELTIES OF 1905.

AT page 1 we briefly alluded to the novelties of 1905, and it may be
interesting to give further details of the more striking of those which have”
not yet been adequately dealt with in these pages.

ARACHNANTHE ANNAMENSIS, Rolfe.—A striking species, introduced from
Annam by Messrs. Sander & Sons, through their collector, W. Micholitz,
and flowered at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Glasnevin, in June last. It is
most allied to the old Arachnanthe moschifera, Blume, the Musk-scented
Spider Orchid, but has much longer leaves, and a lip of quite different
structure. The plant is about eighteen inches high, and the inflorescence
is a foot long, and bears six flowers, which are as large as those of A.
moschifera, and resemble some huge yellow spider, very heavily barred with
red brown, the resemblance being increased by the falcately curved petals.
and lateral sepals.—Gard. Chron., 1905, i., p. 391.

BONATEA ANTENNIFERA, Rolfe.—-A native of Rhodesia, sent to Kew
by C. F. H. Monro, Esq., of the Office of Mines, Buluwayo. It is closely
allied to the well-known B: speciosa, Willd. (Bot. Mag., t. 2296), but is
much taller, being three feet high, with longer leaves and a laxer
inflorescence of equally large flowers, and the lobes of the lip and petals
much more slender. These are about two inches long, and antenna-like, in
allusion to which the name is given. The flowers are green and white—
Gard. Chron., 1905, ii., Pp: 450.

BULBOPHYLLUM CRENULATUM, ROLFE.—A Madagascar species, some-
what resembling the Indian B. cylindraceum, Lindl., in habit, but having
dull purple flowers, and a remarkably crenulate lip, in which respect it is
only comparable with another Madagascar species, B. robustum, Rolfe. It
flowered at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Glasnevin, in January, 1904.—
Bot. Mag., t. 8000.

C

ALUM APUM, RoLFE.—An interesting little species:
which flowered at Kew in March, 1905.. It isa native of Perak, and was
Presented by Mr. F. W. Moore, Curator’ of the Royal Botanic Garden,
Glasnevin.. It is allied to the Burmese C. lasiochilum, Hook.f., and has ~
short single-flowered scapes, and the dorsal sepal and petals purple, while
the lateral sepals are yellow, spotted with red-brown. The lip is purple,
and very hairy.—Bot. Mag., t. 8033.

Fepruary, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 39

Ca@LoGyNE Lawrenceana, Rolfe.—A handsome species, from the col-
lection of Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., Burford, Dorking, which received an
Award of Merit from the R.H.S. in March, 1905. It was introduced from
Annam by Messrs. Sander and Sons. It pipe to a C. speciosa group,
but is taller in habit, in which respect it apf Micholitzi The
sepals and petals are light buff yellow, and the ote fobe of the lip cream
white, with the markings on the disc deep orange in front and bright yellow
near the base. The disc of the, lip bears five fimbriate keels in front,
three of which extend to the base.—Gard. Chron., 1905, i. p. 227.

CvMBIDIUM ERYTHROSTYLUM, Rolfe.—A_ striking new species, intro-
duced from Annam by Messrs. Sander & Sons through their collector, W.
Micholitz, and flowered by Mr. F. W. Moore, at the Royal Botanic
Gardens, Glasnevin. , It is allied to C. Parishii,; Rchb. f. and C. eburneum,
Lindl., but is more slender in habit. The leaves are over a foot long by
half an inch broad, and the inflorescence produced four flowers, about an
inch and three-quarters long. Their colour is white, with a few rows
of purple dots down the centre of the petals below the middle, while the
three-lobed lip is closely lined with red-purple. The column is remarkable
for its bright crimson colour, in allusion to which the mame is given.—
Gard. Chron., 1905, ii., p. 427.

CyMBIDIUM SCHREDERI, Rolfe.—A species from Messrs. Sander and
Son’s Annamese importations, which flowered in the collection of Baron Sir”
H. Schréder, the Dell, Egham, in April last. It is allied to C. giganteum
and C. Lowianum, but has smaller flowers with rather narrower petals.
The sepals and petals are light greenish, somewhat lined and minutely
dotted with red-brown. The lip is light yellow, with five or six strong red-
brown stripes on the side lobes, and a zone of red-brown in front, similar
to that seen in C. Lowianum, but narrower and lighter in colour, while a
few red-brown spots occur on the disc.—Gard. Chron., 1905, i. p. 243-

CyPRIPEDIUM GRATRIXIANUM, Sander.—A species allied to C. exul, but
having broader leaves, and some other differences. It was introduced from
Annam by Messrs. Sander and Sons, St. Albans, who exhibited it at a
meeting of the R.H.S. in January, 1905. The flowers are much like those
of C. exul in general appearance.—Gard. Chron., 1905, i, pp. 76, 77, fig. 35-

ERIA GLopIFERA, Rolfe.—An interesting novelty introduced from
Annam by Mr. W. Micholitz, collector for Messrs. Sander & Sons, St-
Albans, and flowered at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Glasnevin. It is allied
to E. leiophylla, Lindl., now referred to the section Dendrolirion, and has
globose pseudobulbs borne on a creeping rhizome, which bear a single
oblong leaf at their apex,.and at the base a single-flowered scape, the flower
being light yellow. with some red stripes at the base. The sepals outside

~ are covered with a dense white tomentum.— Gard. Chron., 1905, ii., p. 449-

40. THE ORCHID REVIEW. (FEBRUARY, 1906.

EULopHIA PaNicuata, Rolfe.—A large epiphytic species bearing a tall
scape, about five feet high, terminating in an ample panicle of numerous
flowers. It first flowered at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Glasnevin, in
June, 1904, and Mr. Moore states that he picked it up in one of Messrs.
Sander’s houses in September, 1902, with the record that it was purchased
at the sale of the late Mr. Alfred Bleu’s Orchids, and that nothing further
was known of its history. It now appears that its native country is
Madagascar, a plant from that country Raving flowered in the collection of
Herr C. Garber, Whigb., Paro-di-Trento, Siid Tyrol, Austria, and proved

identical. The inflorescence sent by Mr. Moore had fifteen side branches —

and an aggregate of nearly 150 flowers. The sepals are dusky brown in
colour, and the petals and lip yellowish green, lined and somewhat
teticulated with purple brown. It is very distinct.—Gard. Chron., 1905,
li., p. 197.

EvLopuia unpvuxata, Rolfe.—A native of Rhodesia, sent to Kew by

C. F. H. Monro, Esq., of the Office of Mines, Buluwayo. It is a terrestrial —

species, having subt pseudobulbs, producing a tuft of three to five
narrow plicate leaves, and an erect scape about a foot high. The sepals
are lined and suffused with purple-brown on a paler ground, and the petals
and lip are pale green, the latter having three prominent undulate keels on
sthe disc, in allusion to which the name is given. It belongs to the section
Cyrtopera.—Gard. Chron,, 1905, ii., p. 198.

LissocuiLus Manont, RoLFE.—A remarkable novelty, almost rivalling
L. giganteus, Rchb. f., to which it is most allied, though differing in
having the side lobes of the lip green, striped with brown, and the yellow
keels much enlarged. It also was sent to Kew from Uganda, in April,
1902, by Mr. John Mahon, and flowered about the same time as the
following. For several weeks it formed a conspicuous object, standing
above the tank of the Victoria house. The leaves are 4} to 54 feet long
by 3} to 4 inches broad, and the Scape reached a height of 8 feet, and
produced about three dozen flowers, The sepals are green lined with
brown, the large rounded petals lilac-purple, and the lip, as described above,
has a purple front lobe.—Bot. M. ag., t. 8047.

Lissocuitus Ucanp#, RotFr.—An interesting addition to the genus,
which was sent to Kew in 1902, by Mr. John Mahon, then Curator of the
Botanic Gardens at Entebbe, Uganda, and flowered in the warm house in
April, 1905. In habit it resembles a large Phaius, and the elongate,
ligulate, plicate leaves are two to three feet long by about an inch broad.
The scape is about 3+ feet high, and bears about two dozen flowers, having
reflexed greenish sepals tipped with brown, and the petals and lip bright
yellow. It is most allied to L. lata

» Rolfe, a species not in cultivation.—
Bot. Mag., t. 8044.

(Fepsruary, 1906. THE ORCHID REVIEW.

LAELIA RUBESCENS. .
Laia rubescens is not commonly met with in cultivation at the present
time, but a good plant of it is “shown in the annexed illustration,
which is reproduced from a photograph sent by Mr. H. Haddon, gardener
to J. J. Neale, Esq., of Penarth. It was taken by one of Mr. Neale’s sons
a yearago, when the plant bore eight spikes and an aggregate of about
thirty-six flowers. This year the plant has nine spikes.
been known for upwards of six

The species has
years, being originally described by Dr.
Lindley, in 1840 (Bot. Reg., xxvi., t. 41), from a plant which flowered in
the collection of George Barker, Esq., of Birmingham. It had been
obtained from Mr. Knight, of Chelsea, without any clue to its origin.

In

Fig 5. LLIA RUBESCENS.

the following year Lelia acuminata was described by Lindley (I.c., xxvii.,
Misc., p. 17, t. 24), from plants which flowered at Chiswick, and in the
collection of Sir Charles Lemon, at Carclew. It was sent from Guatemala’
by Hartweg, who found it at Retatulen, growing on the stem of the
Calabash tree (Cresentia Cujete). This tree, by the way, forms a favourite
haunt of Orchids, and it is on record that at one time its branches were not
infrequently sent to England from the West Indies for the sake of the
epiphytes with which they were infested. In 1842 a third species was
described by Lindley, under the name of Lelia peduncularis (Bot. Reg.,
xxviii., Misc., p. 10), from a plant which flowered in the collection of

George Barker, Esq., and it was afterwards figured (/.c., xxxi., t. 69).. Its

42 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [ FEBRUARY, 1906.

habitat was not recorded, but the same thing afterwards flowered at
Woburn (Bot. Mag., t. 4099), having been sent from Guatemala by
Skinner. All three were afterwards recognised as forms of the same
species. It is said to be sparingly spread over parts of Southern Mexico
and Guatemala, and is so highly thought of by the inhabitants of the last-
named country that they call it the Flor de Jesus. It has also been recently
sent from Costa Rica by Tonduz, who collected in forests at Nicoya. It
is somewhat variable, both in size and colour, and the best dark forms are
very attractive. The form here figured is lilac-coloured, with a darker
throat to the lip.

As regards culture little need be said, for it succeeds under the treat-
ment given to other Mexican Lelias. It is sometimes grown on a block
but a basket or shallow pan is preferable. Strong plants are very
floriferous.

CYPRIPEDIUM x WILLIAMSIANUM AND ITS ALLIES.

THE question of the origin of Cypripedium x melanophthalmum and its
allies was discussed in our last .volume (pp. 291, 348), and we have now
received five more flowers from the collection of E. F. Clark, Esq., of
Teignmouth. They aré C. x melanophthalmum, a seedling from C.
X Harrisianum nigrum x venustum, agreeing well with the preceding,
except for the absence of warts from the petals, C. X Williamsianum, C.
'X Measuresianum, and another seedling form of C. x Violetta. Mr.
Clark points out some resemblances between C. x Williamsianum and C.
xX Measuresianum—which latter was unquestionably derived from C.
villosuri and C. venustum, and remarks that there is no trace of C.
barbatum in the flower of the former. C. x Violetta is also pointed out as-
near the two preceding in its flower, and this was derived from C. venustum
x Sallieri. Commenting on the resemblance between the three just

C. villosum and C. venustum, as we formerly thought? In reply we can
only say that the resemblance to C. X Harrisianum in the foliage, and
through it to C. barbatum, can scarcely be meaningless, while the mark-
ings on the leaves of C. Measuresianum are quite different. On the whole
the evidence seems most in favour of C. x Harrisianum being one of the
parents of C. x Williamsianum, and even the green veining of the dorsal
sepal agrees better with C. x melanophthalmum than with C. X
Measuresianum. : In any case the hybrid between C. venustum and C..

H hI -
x : : is kably variable, and other forms resembling C. X
Williamsianum May yet appear. ~

FEBRUARY, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 43
ORCHIDS IN SEASON.

SEVERAL beautiful Orchids are sent from the collection of Francis
Wellesley, Esq., Westfield, Woking (gr. Mr. Hopkins). Brassolelia X
Mrs. Gratrix, Westfield var., is remarkably fine, the flowers measuring over
six inches from tip to tip of the petals, with the lip proportionately
developed, and very undulate and fringed. The colour is orange-buff, and
altogether it is a very brilliant variety. Lzlio-cattleya x Miss Mary
Froude (C. x Hardyana X L.-c. X Gottoiana) isa very large and hand-
some flower, most like the second parent in shape. The sepals and petals
are broad and light, salmon-rose in colour, while the broad, undulate lip is
rich purple, with a pair of rather small yellow eyes in the throat. Sophro-
cattleya x Saxa (S. grandiflora x C. Triane) is from the plant which
received an Award of Merit in February, 1904, and is a charming little
rose-coloured flower, most like the seed parent in shape, with a rich purple
blotch on the front of the lip. Paphiopedilum x Dic} (villosum
x Hera Euryades) is a handsome thing, having the centre of the dorsal
sepal uniformly purple, the base green, densely spotted with brown, and the
broad margin clear white, while the petals, lip, and staminode are most like
those of P. villosum.

The flower of the kable Cypripedium x Alcibiades magnificum, to
which a First-class Certificate was given by the R.H.S. on January gth
last, is sent by Major G. L. Holford, of Westonbirt, who remarks that it
has very much improved since it was exhibited. The dorsal sepal is over
3t inches across, concave, and densely spotted with brown and purple on
the lower halle, ane petals are 1% inches broad, and the flower altogether
is of P lop and very handsome.

Several interesting Orchids are sent from the collection of J. J. Neale,
Esq., of Penarth, by Mr. Haddon. Lelia is represented by the gigantic
L. superbiens, which is considered too large for some collections,
L. autumnalis, L. anceps, L. crispilabia, and the pretty little L. rubescens,
which is figured on page 41. Of Odontoglossum there are the charming
little O. nevium, O. aMeaperennes: and O. crispum, and of Oncidium
the handsome O. spl Ose WV: iczii, O. serratum, and O.
maculatum. . There are also a good Cattleya Percivaliana, Lycaste
Skinneri, a spike of the brilliant cup Riiaoacsons aaivamuasee var. maculatus,
Paphiopedilum prestans and Spi 1d x Sedenii
candidulum, the fine Angraecum ‘gaperbam, and eu seebar viridi-flavum.
A spike of Masdevallia melanopus is one of thirty borne by a plant ina
60-sized pot. Other ee things area light form of M. Schroederiana,
Epidendrum gl E. and E. Cymbidium
giganteum, the West African Eulophia lurida, and Isochilus linearis.

44 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [FEBRUARY, 1906.

A twin-flowered spike of the charming — Sigataeapray X_ tessel-
latum porphyreum, and a bloom of P. x B are
sent from the collection of R. I. Measures, Esq. a Cambrdee Lodge,
Camberwell, by Mr. Smith. There is also a six- cuiealen she of the
rare Dendrobium triflorum, the curious little Masd and
two very distinct forms of Zygopetalum X max-Jorisii (maxing x
Jorisianum), one of which has the front lobe of the lip light yellow, and
the sepals and petals much spotted, thus looking more like a hybrid than
the earlier forms.

Two distinct and handsome forms of the charming little Paphiopedilum
x Hitchinsiz are sent from the collection of Captain Twiss, Birdhill House,
Limerick. In one case the purple markings on the dorsal sepal consist of
distinct spots, and in the other they are so numerous as to be confluent in
lines, giving the lower part a rayed appearance. The latter is the larger
flower, but both are very beautiful.

A good dark form of Paphiopedilum x calloso-Warneri is sent from
the collection of O. O. Wrigley, Esq., Bridge Hall, Bury, by Mr. Rogers,
together with examples of P. x nitens, P. x Euryades and P.*Xx aureum,
all raised in the collection.

HIGH CULTURE OF CALANTHE VEITCHII.

At the last meeting of the Birkenhead (Cheshire) Horticultural Society,
held on January 18, Mr. Horne, gardener to Mrs. Ismay, Dawport, gave
a paper on ‘‘Calanthe Veitchii.” The lecturer had a number of enormous
pseudo-bulbs and lengthy racemes for the members’ inspection. These
specimens were pronounced by the audience to be the finest ever seen.
Some of the bulbs were r4in. in length, and their girths 8}in. he inflores-
cences reached 4ft. 5in.; while last year Mr. Horne had some 4ft. gin.

The lecturer, in his paper, treated on the decorative value of the
‘Calanthe to some length, and exhausted the cultural matter so much that
few questions were asked. Briefly, the cultural notes were these: Potting
to be done early in March: one bulb in a five in. pot, into which crocks to
a depth of 2in. only should be placed. Compost—Loam, three parts ; cow
manure in lumps, one part; a good sprinkling of Orport gravel or silver
sand ; charcoal in small pieces, and Ichthemic guano. When potting, add
to the compost of each pot 30z. of wood ashes. After the plants are well
established water frequently with liquid manure made from “Clay's”
“Ichthemic ” and cow urine. “ Clay’s” is used to the extent of 4oz. to a
gallon of water, and from observation of the bulbs no harm results from
the exceptionally high feeding. The lecturer was accorded a hearty vote
of thanks for his excellent paper.—R. G. J. in Fournal of Horticulture, 1905
i., p. go.

FEBRUARY, 1606.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 45:
CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS FOR FEBRUARY.
By J. M. Brack, Streatham.

WATERING PLANTS IN BupD AND FLowER.—I was very much impressed’

a few weeks ago by the great difference in the colour of two flowers on the
same plant, but on different leads. The plant was a Cattleya hybrid, and
one lead flowered a month or six weeks before the other. In the first
instance, the plant, through inadvertence, developed its bud and flowered
in a very wet condition, and the flower fell far short of what was antici-
pated from the cross—paler and watery; in the second instance, water
being withheld from the plant, the bud developed in comparative dryness,
and the flower was of clear and beautiful hues. It will be noticed that the
experienced Orchid grower always manages to have his plants on the dry
side when his flowers are expanding. He does not develop his buds in dry-
ness, but he so regulates his watering that when the flower is open the
plant appears to the untrained eye to be much in need of a good watering.
This he knows instinctively to be best, although he may have some difficulty
in giving dogmatic reasons for it. :
Cattleyas, such as Trianz, Percivaliana, Mossie, Mendelii, and many
hybrids, also Lelias, which finish their pseudobulbs in the autumn and!
rest in sheath during the winter, are liable to lose their buds when these
are a little way up the sheath. Excess of moisture in the atmosphere, or
water lodging at the base of the sheath, are the reasons usually advanced
for this happening, but, while accepting these reasons as being sometimes
the cause, it appears to me that too much water at the root at this period
is more often the true reason. It is very necessary that the plant should
_ not suffer from drought when developing its bud, but as the mode of treat-
ment will have been conducive to its showing for flower, continue that
reatment a little longer, entirely ignoring the fact that the buds are there.
The buds appearing at the base of the sheath should not be regarded as a
sudden appeal for more water than the plant has hitherto had, and followed
by atoo hasty acquiescence on the part of the grower. When the buds are
half-way up the sheath, there will be much less danger of their damping.
It would seem, therefore, that special care should be given to plants that
are on the point of flowering, for two reasons : the first, to avoid the buds
damping ; and, the second, to get blooms of good colour. Shortly put,
this method would pe: : water te restraint when the buds appear, a
little more g usly as the b and again with restraint as
the flowers are expanding. Plants, sticks as C. Gaskelliana and C. labiata,
which make their pseudobulbs and throw up their flowers with but little
rest in sheath, are not so sensitive with regard to the damping of their
buds, but care should be taken that they do not receive a check at this

46 THE ORCHID REVIEW. | Fepruary, 1906,

period. There are other aspects to this question which I may revert to at
another time.

Pottinc.—Cypripediums which have been passing out of flower during
the winter may be gone through this month and potted on, divided or
surfaced, according to the object in view and the condition of the compost.
Large specimen plants of the choicer varieties of C. x Leeanum, C. insigne
Sanderz, C. insigne Harefield Hall var., and many more of the older, well-
known good varieties, both hybrid and species, are now much more
frequently seen at the R.H.S. meetings, and this is when the Cypripedium _
is seen at its best. Propagation has also been busy, C. insigne Sandera
having had particular attention paid to it in this respect, and this lovely
variety is perhaps now more grown than any other.

The culture of most Cypripediums, including Selenipedium, is pat-
ticularly simple, and most of them are well adapted for growing in dull,
town districts, although here, of course, one cannot hope to get the size and
quality into the flowers which others in more favoured districts will do. I_
have frequently had occasion to notice in the suburbs of London that
where a few Orchids are grown the Cypripediums always look best, being
in a state of comparative vigour, while epiphytal species may have gone to —
wreck.

Compost.—The Cypripedium is a rather gross feeder, and a compost of
one part each of good, yellow, turfy loam, fibrous peat in lumps, half-
decayed oak leaves and sphagnum moss, with a good sprinkling of silver
sand on broken crocks to keep the mixture open, will suit most of them.
Some growers have, however, good success with peat and moss only, while
others are satisfied with a leaf-soil and moss mixture, so that there need be
no splitting of hairs as regards compost. In repotting vigorous plants, the
old compost, if sweet, should be left, simply loosening a root here and —
there. The pots should be well drained, and sufficiently large to meet the
requirements of the plant for two years. Plants that are sickly should —
have the pot room reduced to a minimum. Keep the plants a little below —
the rim of the pot. Spray in between the pots of newly-potted plants and
otherwise keep the surroundings moist, and water with great care until the —
roots get a hold of the new compost. C. Charl , C. Spiceri
and allied hybrids require more warmth than C. insigne and C. x Arthur:
anum, which thrive very well in the Intermediate house.

: MILToNIAs.—Miltonia spectabilis and its varieties, and other species of
Miltonia which flowered about the same time, can be repotted as they show —
signs of activity, the compost being the same as recommended for Odonto- —
glossums last month. :

Maspeva.tias, &c.—There will be numerous Orchids of all kinds which
will require Tepotting as the days advance, chiefly those that flowered in

Fesrvary, 1906.} THE ORCHID REVIEW. 47

the autumn and have been more or less at rest for atime. These will
include many Masdevallias, Trichosma suavis, &c., which should receive
attention as they show signs of quickening. Use clean receptacles and
drain thoroughly, using for the larger pots chopped up fern rhizomes. Peat,
moss, leaves, and sand will be found a very reliable mixture for most
sa Orchids which require repotting at present.

—Dendrobi will make the next big show. The D.
aureum and D, nobile crosses are showing well for flower, and we have
already a few plants open, including D. X Wiganiz xanthochilum. D. X
chessingtonense (D. x Wiganie Xx D. aureum) is well advanced in bud.
This is the largest and deepest yellow of the D. signatum crosses. If the
Dendrobiums have been subjected to care and dry treatment, they should
be gradually brought back into heat, and should now be developing their
buds in a night temperature of 60°. They should be tied out and put into
shape before the buds are too far advanced. If Dendrobiums are kept cold
and dry during the resting period and brought suddenly into a much warmer
and moister house, the flower buds are inclined to become growths; but if
they are kept in a temperature of 55°-65° all the winter, little of this
happens. When the variety is choice these adventitious growths are most
useful for increasing the stock, and they will in a few years entirely beat
the plant on which they appear. For treatment as regards watering see my
remarks on that subject in this Calendar last month.

L&LIA ANCEPS.—Where this species is grown in quantity it makes a
brave show, and following Cattleya labiata in flower, it comes at a most
opportune time, when nothing very showy is in flower to compete with it. —
. There are a great many lovely varieties of this species, which may be
regarded as the best of the Mexican Lelias, and when a suitable place can
‘be given it, where it can receive abundance of light and air, it is of com-
paratively ‘easy culture. This plant is not so extensively grown now, I
think, as formerly, but, on the other hand, there are some collections where
all the best varieties have been collected, and where it is probably better
grown than ever it was. L. anceps is a plant which particularly shows its
treatment in its flowers. Some noteworthy varieties are L. a. Schroedere
L. a. Hilliana, L. a. alba (the true albino), L. a. Williamsii, L. a. Chamber-
lainiana, &c. They have now mostly passed out’ of flower, and will rest

_ until roots appear from the new bulb, when they can be repotted if it is
required.

SHADING.—There is no doubt but that the wooden lath roller blinds
are the best, and though the initial cost is more they are in the end the
cheapest, because of their greater durability. But they must be well
painted or oiled when new. It is the galvanized clips that give way first,
and if a clip of a non-rustable nature, strong enough and cheap enough,

48 THE ORCHID REVIEW. {Feprvuary, 1906,

could be used instead of these, the weak point in this most excellent shading
would be overcome. The fixing of these blinds is a matter of some con-
sideration, and one which will permit of a great amount of discussion. On ;
houses of great dimensions six inches from the glass would seem a reason-
able distance to fix them, but on small houses having the plants standing ‘
well up to the glass, a foot away would not be too much. Again, where
coolness as well as shade is a desideratum, even higher than a foot is to be
‘recommended. A blind—whether of tiffany, wood, or bamboo—if
allowed to lie on the glass, gives shade and prevents scorching, but the
glass is kept very hot, and this is most enervating to the piants, especially
if they are standing close to it. I have had some experience of tiffany
lying on the glass and over the top ventilators, which are practically useless _
in consequence, as no air can get in or out through the cloth.. When the
sun is shining during the summer months on a house as described, the air
inside smells more like that in a super-heated mushroom-pit than anything
else. For shade-loving, pseudobulbl plants, such as Phalanopsis, —
Angrecums, Aérides, many Vandas and. Cypripediums, the tiffany blind”
may be recommended, as, while giving light, the direct rays of the sun
never touch the leaves. But it is in the spring that shading gives the
Orchid grower the most care. Imagine a beautiful, clear, sunny day, and
a keen, cutting, east wind. The sun is just a little too bright to be safe, so
down must come the blinds, and with them the temperatures in the houses,
which must then be maintained by artificial means. We shut out the light
and natural heat so much to be desired, and resort to fire heat. so much to
be condemned. For this absurd state of affairs there is no practical
solution, for a series of blinds of different thick is quite impracti ble,
and therefore out of the question. The question of shading is a most —
important one to the Orchid grower, for good blinds sensibly adjusted —
will make the growing conditions of a house good, while carelessness im
this respect will make them bad. j
TEMPERATURES.—The mean temperature in the houses this month will
be considerably higher than last, as the result of the increasing strength
of the sun, but the temperatures provided artificially may remain as advised
last month. The general directions as to ventilating and damping given
last month may also be followed—but only in their wider sense. .
MISCELLANEOUS.—Such obvious work as tying-up spikes as they
advance, or lowering them from the glass, as may be wanted in the case of
hanging plants, such as Phalenopsis, need hardly be mentioned here-
Calanthes of the deciduous section will now have nearly All passed out of }
flower, and will require no more water until being repotted. Plants that ©
are coming into flower should have good positions afforded them, where ~
they can be seen to advantage. ;

FEBRuaRy, 1906] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 49
BRASSOCATTLEYA x EROTION.

THE annexed figure represents a charming little hybrid raised in the

collection of E. V. R. Thayer, Esq., S. Lancaster, Mass., U.S.A., by Mr.

E. O. Orpet, to whom we are indebted for the photograph. Its parentage

is described as Cattleya Walkeriana X Br

ssavola glauca. Mr. Orpet
writes that the flower is of a most pleasing shade of soft rose, which is
uniform throughout the flower, lip and all, except that the latter is beauti-
fully veined with radiating lines diverging from the centre to the margin.
This organ is 2} inches long by 1} inches broad. The plant is naturally
dwarf, as might be expected from its parentage. It is the only one raised,

Fig. 6. BRASSOCATTLEYA X EROTION.

and was eight years in flowering. The flower is sweet-scented, especially
in the evening. The shape, it will be observed, closely resembles that of
the pollen parent, and it is curious what a close family resemblance there is
between the hybrids of Brassavola glauca in this respect. Mr. Orpet has
another seedling of B. glauca in flower, Cattleya Trianz alba being the
other parent, and he remarks, “‘ strange to say the whole flower is suffused
with light pink, but there was not the slightest suspicion of pink in the
Cattleya used. This seedling will be a form of Brassocattleya x Orpheus.

Mo. pot.Gard
1906

5° THE ORCHID REVIEW. [FEBRUARY, 1906.

SOCIETIES.
ROYAL HORTICULTURAL.

THE opening meeting of the year was held at the Royal Horticultural Hall,

Vincent Square, Westminster, on January gth, and brought together a very
fine display of Orchids. The awards consisted of seven Medals, one First-

class Certificate, five Awards of Merit, one Botanical Certificate, and one

Cultural Commendation. The new scheme under which Diplomas are to

be awarded for particular plants also came into operation for the first time, —
and details of the competition are given below.

F. Menteth Ogilvie, Esq., The Shrubbery, Oxford (gr. Mr. Balmforth),
staged an excellent group, to which a Silver Flora Medal was awarded. The
more noteworthy Se were two batches of the brilliant orange Leelio-
cattleya x Charl difl varieties of Lzlia anceps,
and Cypripedium insigne, : x Maudie, and an excellent nae of
Lycaste X Balliz, to which a Cultural Commendation was given. f

C. J. Lucas, Esq., Warnham Court, Horsham (gr. Mr. Duncan), also
staged a very effective group, to which a Silver Banksian Medal was given. —
It contained some good Odontoglossums, Calanthes and Cypripediums, in-
cluding C. X Chameleon, in which the petals were striped with yellow and
brown. The centre was occupied by a large pan of the pretty little
Oncidium cheirophorum, bearing numbers of its graceful yellow flowers.

Major C. L. Holford, C.I.E., Westonbirt (gr. Mr. Alexander), received —
a Fist-class Certificate for Cypripedium x Alcibiades magnificum (X
Leeanum giganteum X Mons. de Curte), a noble form, having the dorsal
sepal white, with a green base and numerous rows of purple dots, and the
petals and lip yellow tinged and marked with brown.

Francis Wellesley, Esq., Westfield, Woking (gr. Mr. Hopkins), sent
Cattleya Triane Wellesleye, a pretty white form with six blooms,
Cypripedium X Tracyanum, the beautiful C. x Ville de Paris with four
blooms, C. x memoria Jerninghamiz, Se Awards of Merit were given —
to C. X Bella Westfield var (x ill x philippi ), richer in
colour than the original form (of which a cut spike’ was also shown), and b ’
Lzlio-cattleya x Helena Westfield var. (L. cinnabarina X C. Schill ]
a handsome form, having rich, orange-coloured flowers, ae with ae q
on the lip. ;

Sir H. Trevor Lawrence, Bart., Burford (gr. Mr. White), sent Mormodes
badium luteum, a species of Schlimmia, and Catasetum xX splendens
punctatissimum, the latter receiving an Award of Merit. It had the sepals
a petals densely spotted with purple on a whitish ground, | and the lip
yellow. :

H. S. Goodson, Esq., Fairlawn, Putney (gr. Mr. Day), sent Lalio-

FEBRvARY, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 5r

cattleya xX Mrs. Ernest Bourdis, with bright rosy purple flowers,
Cypripedium x Niobe superbum, C. x Nellie Goodson, and Brassavola
glauca, the latter receiving a Botanical Certificate.

Norman C. Cookson, Esq., Oakwood, Wylam (gr. Mr. Chapman),
showed Cattleya x Chapmanii (x Hardyana Oakwood variety X Trianz).

H. J. Elwes, Esq., Colesborne Park (gr. Mr. Walters), sent the remark-
able Bonatea speciosa, and a fine plant of Pleione humilis.

J. Gurney Fowler, Esq., South Woodford (gr. Mr. Davis), sent Cypri-
pedium X Actzus langleyense, C. x Mr. William Mostyn, Chardwar var.,
C. X Milo, Copb’s var., and four good forms of C. X aureum.

H. D. Headland, Esq., Balham, sent C pripedi x Headlandi
{xX Lathamianum x memoria-Moensii).

A. L. Wigan, Esq., Forest Park, Windsor, showed Cypripedium x
Joyce.

Messrs. Sander & Sons, St. Albans, staged a fine group, to which a
Silver Flora Medal was given. Among noteworthy plants which it con-
tained were the rare Maxillaria elegantula, Lelia x Finckeniana alba,
hybrid Epidendrums, and a fine lot of Cypripediums, including twenty
varieties of C. insigne, C. x The Marchioness (x Almos X Leeanum),
‘C. X The Duchess (insigne Bohnhofianum x aureum), and C. x Earl of
Tankerville (exul x nitens Sander’s var.), an Award of Merit being given
to the latter. It is of good form and substance, the dorsal sepal white with
an emerald green base, blotched with purple-brown, becoming purple
upwards, and the petals and lip yellowish more or less marbled with brown.

Messrs. J. Cypher & Sons, Cheltenham, also received a Silver Flora
Medal for a very fine group, containing some good forms of Lelia anceps,
‘Odontoglossums Hallii, x Adrianze and crispum, Masdevallia Heathii,
M. Schreederiana, a fine specimen of Cypripedium x Arthurianum with
twenty-five flowers, C. x Leeanum giganteum with sixteen, C. x L.
‘Cypher’s var., C. x Charlesianum Cypher’s var., and other good things.

Messrs. Hugh Low & Co., Enfield, staged a good group, to which a
Silver Banksian Medal was given, the more noteworthy plants being
Bulbophyllum Dearei, a fine Dendrobium aureum, Lelia albida, Vanda
Amesiana, lias, Cypripedium villosum auriferum, and others.

Messrs. Stanley & Co., Southgate, also received a Silver Banksian Medal
for a bright and pretty group, containing some good Odontoglossum
crispum, O. X loochristiense, Cattleya Triane alba, and a coloured form
near C. T. Backhouseana, Lelia anceps Amesiana, some good Masdevallias,
‘Cypripediums, and others.

Messrs. James Veitch & Sons, Chelsea, exhibited Brasso-cattleya x
Pyrrha (B. glauca xX C. labiata), a pretty dwarf hybrid, bearing a large,
fragrant, bright rose-coloured flower, which gained an Award of Merit.

SV eee} q

52 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [Feprvuary, 19)

M. Ch. Vuylsteke, Loochristi, Ghent, also received a Silver Banksian
Medal for a charming little group of Odontoglossums, the most noteworthy.
being O. X amabile and O. x Vuylstekei, with two fine O. Xx ardentis-
simum and three O. X loochristiense. _

Messrs. William Bull & Sons, Chelsea, sent the charming little Sophro-
cattleya X Doris (S. grandiflora x C. Dowiana), and two other hybrids.

DIPLOMA COMPETITIONS. :
Tuts was the first of the series of competitions designed to bring out the
best forms of existing species and hybrids in addition to novelties. The
subjects selected for this meeting were coloured varieties of Lelia anceps,
and species and hybrids of Calanthe, some interesting exhibits being staged
under each. The Societies paintings bearing on the subject were also ~
shown, and thus provided very interesting matter for comparison. d

Varieties of Lelia anceps were sent by Major G. L. Holford, De Barri”
Crawshay, Esq., Francis Wellesley, Esq., Messrs. McBean and Sons, and
others, and the best forms shown were L a. Schroeder, Raymond Craw-
shay, Lionel Crawshay and Theodora.

Calanthes mustered in strong force, the group staged by Norman C
Cookson, Esq., Oakwood, Wylam (gr. Mr. Chapman), being a particularly
fine one. It consisted for the most part of hybrids raised at Oakwood,
showing a range in colour from white to the deepest. rosy crimson, the
richest in colour being the brilliant C. x Chapmanii. Other fine thin,
were C. X Sedeni lactea, C. x Bryan, C. x Wm. Murray, C. X Victoria,
C. x Phcebe, C. x atrorubens, C. x Sibyl, &c. Another fine group was
staged by Jeremiah Colman, Esq., Gatton Park (gr. Mr. Bound), also
showing great variation in colour, and including varieties of C. vestita and
C. X Veitchiana, C. x Sandhurstiana, C. x Alpha, &c. The awards
were as follows :—

SPECIES.—First Diploma, to Calanthe vestita nigro-oculata gigantea, @
strong growing plant, having large white flowers with a reddish crimson
eye, exhibited by N. C. Cookson, Esq. q

Hysrips.—First Diploma to Calanthe x Harrisii, a pure white form
shown by N. C. Cookson, Esq. Second Diploma to C. x Veitchii, the
original hybrid of the deciduous group, and still unsurpassed for general
cultivation, on account of its robust habit and floriferousness.

At the meeting held on

January 23rd there was again a very fine dis-
play of Orchids, in gs ; .

pite of the frost and fog which prevailed outside,
much in the way of novelty. The awards consisted

of seven medals and three Awards of Merit, but curiously enough there was”
not a single exhibit in the special co:

, mpetition for Oncidiums, which would
suggest that an unsuitable date has been chosen for this particular genus.

FEBRUARY, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 53

Baron Sir H. Schréder, The Dell, Egham (gr. Mr. Ballantine), staged
a very fine group, to which a Silver-gilt Flora Medal was given. Among
the more noteworthy Orchids staged we observed a fine pan of Sophronitis
grandiflora bearing about forty flowers, said to be one of the plants from
Mr. Day's collection, numerous forms of Lelia anceps, white and coloured,
the rare L. rubescens, L. X flammea, the first of the L. cinnabarina
hybrids, a fine specimen of Cattleya Percivaliana with fourteen flowers, the
handsome C. Trianz Schreederiana, and C. T. Russelliana, the latter from
the old collection of Provost Russel, of Falkirk, Odontoglossum x elegans,
Eastwood Park var., a fine O. Uroskinneri album, O. X Harryano-crispum,
a yellow O. crispum, two good Dendrobium bigibbum, a fine example of
Restrepia maculata, the white Calanthe x Harrisii, three plants of Cypri-
pedium insigne Sanderianum, the best with nine flowers, C. x Deedman-
janum, C. X Maudie, C. X Lathamianum with fifteen flowers, C. X
Leeanum superbum with ten, C. Mastersianum, &c.

R. Briggs-Bury, Esq., Bank House, Accrington (gr. Mr. Wilkinson),
received a Silver en Medal for a Spee group, containing a fine

x the I | copiereaee oO. crispum
Mrs. F.. Peeters, three good examples of Cypripedium X B Cc. x
Parkerianum, C. X Lathamianum Thompsoni, and two good C. X Maudie.

G. F. Moore, Esq., Bourton-on-the- Water (gr. Mr. Page), obtained an
Award of Merit for Cypripedium x Bridgei (C. x Godseffianum x Argus
Moensii), a handsome hybrid, showing much of the C. hirsutissimum
character, the petals being purple at the apex, and green spotted with black
at the base, while the dorsal sepal is densely spotted with blackish except
at the white margin.

E. Ashworth, Esq., Harefield Hall, Wilmslow (gr. Mr. Holbrook), sent
a fine form of Cattleya Trianz called Harefield Goliath.

J. Gurney Fowler, Esq., S. Woodford (gr. Mr. Davis), sent Cypripedium
x aureum Hyeanum.

hE ancetgh Leith se Lodge, Camberwell (gr. bet Smith),
sent Cyp di ifi and Z x Max-
Jorisi, bevite green eee and petale: blotched with date brown, and a
yellowish white lip.

Francis Weilesley, Esq., Westfield, Woking (gr. Mr. Hopkins), sent
Brassolelia x Mrs. Gratrix, Westfield var., a remarkably fine form,
Cypripedium x Dicksonianum (villosum x Hera Euryades), a large and
handsome hybrid, C. X aureum, Westfield var., C. x Cecil Dickson (C. X
Niobe x Leeanum), and Lelio-cattleya x Miss Mary Froude, tinted with
light rose and the front of the lip reddish purple.

Messrs. Charlesworth and Co., Heaton, Bradford, staged a very fine
group, to which a Silver-gilt Flora Medal was given. The most prominent

54 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [Fepruary, 19)

feature was about eighty plants of the rich orange-coloured Leelio-cattle
% Charlesworthii (L. cinnabarina x C. Dowiana aurea), profusely
flowered, and presenting a brilliant sight. Other noteworthy things were
L.-c. x Andromeda, L.-c. x Prospero, Odontoglossum X Rolfea, the
richly-coloured O. X Harryano-triumphans, O. X Harryano-crispum, and
four plants of the beautiful Cattleya xX Octave Doin (Mendelii X Dowiana
aurea), haying blush pink sepals and petals, becoming light rose at the
margin of the latter, and the lip ruby crimson veined with yellow. To
this an Award of Merit was given.

Messrs. James Cypher and Sons, Cheltenham, also received a Silver-
gilt Flora Medal for a fine group, containing some good Cattleya Triane, a
fine lot of Lelia anceps varieties, white and coloured, Lelio-cattleya X
Lydia, Od real grande, Dendrobi X euosmum, Masdevallia X
Hincksiana, M. X Heathii, Lycaste Skinneri, and a lot of good Cypri-
pediums, specially noteworthy being C. X villexul, C. x triumphans, C. X
Deed C. xX Lathami Thompsoni, C. x aureum virginale,
C. x Charlesianum, Cypher’s var., and C. x Cleopatra, with some good
C. xX Leeanum and C. insigne.

Messrs. Sander and Sons, St. Albans, received a Silver Flora Medal for
fine group, including Cymbidium Tracyanum, C. x Ballianum, Vanda
Watsoni, a form of V. coerulea having nearly white ue and petals, and
a purple- blue Bie a Mee Ang quipedale, the rare Galeandra
lacustris, Epid a spotted form of Oncidium Cavendish-
janum, Odutdgloasusa crispum, a fine O. X Adriane, O. odoratum, some
some good Calanthes, and a fine selection of Cypripediums. An Award off
Merit was given to a good form of Phaius maculatus

Messrs. Hugh Low & Co., Enfield, received a Silver Banksian Medal for 7
a bright and 2 gies group, including three good plants of Vanda Amesiana, _
the remark hallis Roezlii, and a good lot of Cypripediums, of
which the most amen ar was C. X calloso-Charlesworthii, having the —
flower rich ruby red almost throughout. The densely spotted C. X i
Adrastus Marie, adark C. x Hera, C. x Mrs. William Mostyn Chardwar
var., the delicately tinted C. x Venus, and varieties of C, x aureum were )
ks: noteworthy.

M. Ch. Vuylsteke, Loochristi, Ghent, received a Silver Banksian Medal
for a group of choice Odontoglossums, including two beautiful examples of
O. X ardentissimum, a fine O. X Wiganianum, O. x Rolfez, a fine O. X |
Vuylstekei, O. x amabile, a form of O. x Vuylsteke very different from
the original, though out of the same capsule, O. x Harryano-crispum, and
a fine O. X Wilckeanum.

Messrs. William Bull & Sons, Chelsea, sent the brilliant little Sophro-
cattleya X Doris, and a good Dendrobium x Wiganize xanthochilum.

FEBRUARY, 1606.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 55

Mren th & Son, Cheltenham, showed a group of hybrid

i hy among them being the pretty little C. x

Dowlaiinanta; C. xX Daphne, C. X Fred Hardy, and a very fine example

of C. X Parkerianum (Boxallii x nitens), having the villosum character
very prominent in the petals and lip.

Messrs. Stanley & Son, SomnEet staged a small group, including a
good Odontogl ~ i with fourteen flowers, Lelio-
cattleya X Adolphe: Cypripedium xX Leeanum grandisepalum, and others.

Messrs. James Veitch & Sons, Chelsea, sent Brassocattleya x Crpheus

rosea.

MANCHESTER AND NORTH OF ENGLAND ORCHID.
A MEETING of this Society was held at the Coal Exchange, Manchester,
on December 2tst, 1905, and brought together a fair display of plants.

G. W. Law-Schofield, Esq., Rawtenstall (gr. Mr. Shill), staged a choice
group of Cypripediums, to which a Silver Medal was given, one of the
most noteworthy plants being C. X Thompsonianum in excellent condition.
Awards of Merit were given to C. X aureum var. Cyris and C. x Stotti-
anum, the latter derived from C. X Lathamianum x C. insigne Sandere.

R. Ashworth, Esq., nb shales (er. Mr. Pidsley), obtained a First-
class Certificate for Cvpripedi 1 var. AEneas.

S. Gratrix, Esq., Whalley se tees Mr. Cypher), also received a
First-class Certificate for Cypripedium x Leeanum var. Gratrixie, a
particularly fine form.

O. O. Wrigley, Esq., Bury (gr. Mr. Rogers), received an Award of
Merit for Cypripedium insigne var. Clinkaberryanum.

Messrs. Charlesworth & Co., Heaton, Bradford, staged a choice group
of hybrids, to which a Silver Medal was given.

Messrs. A. J. Keeling & Sons, Bradford, received a Bronze Medal for
an interesting group, and an Award of Merit for Cypripedium insigne
var. confusum.

Votes of Thanks were also accorded to Messrs. Sander & Sons, St.
Albans, Mr. J. Robson, Altrincham, Mr. D. McLeod, Chorlton-cum-
Hardy, and Mr. H. H. Clegg, Prestwich, for interesting exhibits.

AT the meeting held on January 11th, 1906, there was again a good display
of plants.

G. W. Law-Schofield, Esq., Rawtenstall (gr. Mr. Shill), staged a fine
group, chiefly of Cypripediums, which gained a Silver-gilt Medal. An
Award of Merit was given to Cypripedium xX Edmond Lord.

E, Ashworth, Esq., Wilmslow (gr. Mr. Holbrook), staged a good
group of Lzelia anceps varieties, to which a Silver Medal was given.

56 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [ FEBRUARY, 1

J. Leemann, Esq., Heaton Mersey (gr. Mr. Smith), sent several g
plants, including Cypripedium x Winston Churchill, a supposed hybrid
between C. insigne and C. xX Sallieri Hyeanum (First-class Certificate),
and C. X luminosum (Award of Merit).

O. O. Wrigley, Esq., Bury (gr. Mr. Rogers), also received a Vote
Thanks for a good group of Cypripediums, and Awards of Merit for C. X
Lathamianum Wrigley’s var., C. x Ajax, and C. x Kitty.

A. Warburton, Esq., Haslingden (gr. Mr. Raven), was accorded a Vote
of Thanks for a small group of Cypripediums, including C. x Victor, a
good form of C. x aureum, and C. X Germaine Opoix, an Award of Merit
being given to the latter.

Messrs. Charlesworth & Co., Bradford, staged a beautiful group of
Odontoglossums, Lelio-cattleyas, Cypripediums, &c. Awards of Merit
were given to Brassolelia x Mrs. Gratrix var. magnifica and Lelio
cattleya X Weilsiana.

Votes of Thanks were accorded to M. Ch. Vuylsteke, Mr. D. McLeod
Messrs. A. J. Keeling & Sons, Messrs. Hugh Low & Co., and Messts
Stanley & Co. for interesting exhibits.

AT the meeting held on January 25th there was once more a fine display.

G. W. Law-Schofield, Esq., Rawtenstall (gr. Mr. Shill), staged a fine
group of Odontoglossums and Cypripediums, which gained a Silver Medal.
An Award of Merit was given to Cypripedium xX Euryades Low’s vat.

A. Warburton, Esq., Haslingden (gr. Mr. Raven), received First- class
Certificates for Cypripedium x Mrs. Mostyn, Chardwar var. and C. x
Watsonianum.

S. Gratrix, Esq., Whalley Range (gr. Mr. Cypher), received Awards of
Merit for Cypripedium x Rex and C. x Headlandianum.

E. Ashworth, Esq., Wilmslow (gr. Mr. Holbrook), received an Award
of Merit for Cattleya Triane var. Harefield Goliath, a very fine form. a

Messrs. Cypher & Sons, Cheltenham, staged a very fine group, to which
a Silver-gilt Medal was awarded. An Award of Merit was given 7
Cypripedium x villexul.

M. Ch. Vuylsteke, Ghent, received a Silver Medal for a choice group
of Odontoglossums, including some distinct forms of O. x ardentissimum |
and the fine O. X Wiganianum, the latter gaining an Award of Merit-

Messrs. Charlesworth & Co, ., Bradford, received a Bronze Medal for a
small select group of Odont el and Leli

Messrs. Hugh Low & Co., Enfield, received an Award of Merit for
Cypripedium x Venus, Low’s var.

Messrs. H. J. Craven and A, J. Keeling & Sons also received vo
Thanks for interesting exhibits,

Fepruary, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 57

ODONTOGLOSSUM x LAMBEAUIANUM VAR. EXQUISITUM.

‘ODONTOGLOssuM Lambeauianum is a handsome hybrid raised in the
establishment of M. A. A. Peeters, Brussels, between O. crispum Madame
Falcke 2 and O. x Rolfez var. ardentissimum ¢, and dedicated to M.
Firmin Lambeau, of Brussels (Crawshay in Gard. Chron., 1905, ii., p. 324,
fig. 126). The cross was made in May, 1gor, the seed sown thirteen
months later, and the first plant flowered in March, 1905. It is a hand-
some thing, having short, broad segments, and a white ground colour,
more or less suffused with rose on the sepals, and neatly blotched with

Fig. 6. _QponTOGLossuM X LAMBEAUIANUM VAR. EXQUISITUM.

ted-brown. The variety exquisitum, here figured, is from the same batch,
and was exhibited by M. Peeters at a meeting of the Ghent Chambre
Syndicale in November last (Crawshay, /.c., p. 434, fig. 162). We have
received a photograph of each form, but as the flower of the type was
beginning to fade when the photograph was taken we have not reproduced
it. The variety has longer segments than the type, and more copious
much larger blotches, while the lip is more like O. X Rolfez, both in shape

58 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [Frpruary, 1906.

and spotting. The ground colour of the flower is creamy white, somewhat
stained with purple on the sepals, and the markings are rich purple-brown,
with the crest of the lip yellow. In the type the crispum influence prepon-_

obvious. Both are fine acquisitions, but the variety is exceptionally hand-
some, and M. Peeters must be congratulated on his success.
The pollen parent (which must not be confused with O. X ardentissi- ~
mum) is the handsome form for which M. Vuylsteke received an Award of
Merit at the Temple Show in 1900, being afterwards purchased by M.
Peeters. q

a

ORCHIDS AT KEW.

NUMEROUs interesting and beautiful Orchids are now flowering in the Kew —
collection, among the most conspicuous being Lelia autumnalis and L. q
anceps, which, through the absence of fog, have considerably brightened
and added to the attraction of the Cattleya house, during the last few weeks,
by the continual succession of bloom. Having such long, slender stems, —
and varying so much in their beautiful shades of colour, it is no wonder :
that they are so eagerly sought after for decorative purposes. A good plant

Suspended from the roof in the same house, and flowering freely, are two ©
little gems, Dendrobium moniliforme and its variety variegatum, also the 4
rare Epidendrum polybulbon, whilst close by, and contrasting in colour, is :
the pure white E. chioneum. Plants of Xylobium corrugatum, Gomeza 7
Barkeri, and the curious little Seaphyglottis prolifera are also in flower,
along with Oncidium porrigens, which has a spike from four to five feet in
length, covered with numerous small brown flowers. ;
In the Warm house several familiar Orchids are making their annual
Cynorchis Lowiana, a native of —

ance, or in the delicate shades of colour which makes E. Endresii so _
valuable. There are also E, fragrans,
Allemanii, E. ciliare, and E. umbellatum, with its curious fleshy green |
flowers. Other interesting, though not gorgeous, things are two pans of —
Tania penangiana, the rare T, viridi - fusca
Coelogyne graminifolia, Brassavola Martiani,
Eria stricta, and E, amica, the latter having flowers of a rather disagree
able smell. A few Dendrobiums in flower are, D. x Andromeda, D. X |
Cassiope, D. x dulce, D. x euosmum, the primrose-coloured D. luteolum,

the equally sweet-scented E.

» Platyclinis cucumerina, —
Hf 1 1

Feprvuary, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 59

and the curious D. capitulifloram. There are also several good spikes of
Calanthe x Veitchii.
Among the Paphiopedilums are several which are flowering very freely,

among the species being P. Appl P. Bull P. virens, P.
Chamberlainianum, and P. Victoria-Mariz. soca ses hybrids are
P. x siamense, P. x nitens, P. x Ashb Eso

Dauthieri, P. x Leeanum superbum, P. x Risa Px Wikio
ianum, P. X marmorophyllum, P. x Lubbersii, P. x Elinor, and P. x
Euryades. Flowering in the same house is that general old favourite
dale, bearing seven good-sized rade 8 with Dawid quite
a foot in lena oat for companions there are Li
which fills the whole house with its strong odour, also L. hamata, with ite
curious hooked spurs. A good plant of Vanda Amesiana is carrying four
large spikes of flowers, while Saccolabium giganteum, S. violaceum, and
the charming little S. bellinum are also in bloom. Several Phalenopsis are
also in flower, including P. Lueddemanniana, P. Stuartiana, P. Schilleriana,
P. denticulata, P. gloriosa, and P. rosea.

In the Cool house some eight pans of P. insigne are making a good
display, each averaging from thirty to forty flowers, while among the
Odontoglossums are several good spikes, including O. Uroskinneri, O,
retusum, O. X waltonense, O. Insleayii, O. bictoniense, O. crispums,
O. xX Hallio-crispums, and two or three little pans of O. Rossii and O.
Cervantesii. These latter are suspended from the roof, with Sophronitis
violacea and several pans of S. grandiflora. A plant of Zygopetalum

Aner:
5

Mackayi, with its pale blue flowers, makes rather a contrast in colour
against the white form of Odontoglossum crispum. Near by are the
Masdevallias, of which just now M. tovarensis is the leader, with its pure
white flowers. Others are M. abbreviata, M. polysticta, M. caloptera,
M. ignea, M. melanopus, M. fulvescens, M. X chelsoni, M. Forgetiana, and
M. x Rushtoni. Mingled with these are Stelis tristyla, S. Rodigasiana,
Scaphosepalum ochthodes, Restrepia striata, and two good plants of
Pleurothallis Roezlii with numerous racemes. Lastly, there are three little
pans of the South African Cynorchis compacta, bearing numerous racemes
of pure white flowers. It grows best in the cool pit, requiring no more
heat than a Masdevallia. One may add, in conclusion, that a list of
the species and hybrids in flower at this period numbers over a
hundred.

A BotanicaL CorNER.—It may be interesting to mention that for some
time a shelf over the back of the water tank in the Warm house has been
utilised for the display of rare botanical species in flower, and is always.
occupied by an interesting group, mostly of rarities.

0 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [FEepruary, 1906,

THE HYBRIDIST.

BrassoLeé.ia X LELIEuxi.—A distinct and striking hybrid has been sent
by M. Ch. Maron, Brunoy, France, under the name of Brassolelia X
Lelieuxii, with the record of parentage, Lelia anceps x Brassavola
Digbyana. It was exhibited at a meeting of the Société Nationale d’Horti-
culture de France, held on January 25th. The plant most resembles L.
‘anceps in habit, but the inflorescence is much dwarfed, being reduced to
under six inches long, but clothed with about seven closely imbricating
€quitant bracts, clearly modified forms of those seen in the Lzlia parent.
‘They are, however, not glutinous, asin that. From the apex two flowers
are exserted, most resembling those of the Lelia parent, except in having
the petals somewhat narrowed, and three and a quarter inches long. The
colour of the flower is blush pink, rather brighter towards the tips of all the
segments. The lip is markedly three-lobed, neatly denticulate to the outer ,
angle of the side lobes, and has a light yellow disc, with red-purple radiating
lines at the base on either side. It is a very interesting addition, and bears
the most unmistakable stamp of its origin.

It will doubtless be noticed that this plant is of identical parentage with
one mentioned by M. F. Denis at page 28, and, by the way, M. Denis
writes to say that an error crept into his letter. The date of sowing was
May, Igor, not ‘‘ 1903,” and the plant flowered when four years and four
months old. We hope M. Maron will forward us particulars of his plant.

q

PSUR AES ch Taran

ORCHIDS FROM LIVERPOOL.
SEVERAL interesting flowers are sent from the collection of Reginald
Young, Esq., Sefton Park, Liverpool (gr. Mr. Poyntz). Paphiopedilum X
illustre var. Youngii (x Sallieri @ Xx Lathamianum 3) has a white ~
dorsal sepal, suffused with yellow up the centre, and prettily spotted with
brown and purple, while the petals, lip and staminode closely resemble
P. villosum, A seedling from P. x Lathamianum ¢ and P. Boxallii
atratum ¢ is most like the latter in colour, though not equal to it in point
of merit. It appears to be a form of P. x Valleti (Chron. Orch, iis, p- 38"
__ P. x Ruesus (P. x Winnianum x P. x Harrisianum superbum 3)
is a deep purple-brown, very shining flower, most like the seed parent in
colour, but with relatively very short and broad petals and dorsal sepal, |
which have also a deeper band up the centre. The seed was sown in
December, 1899. It is curious to note that a hybrid between P. villosum
and P. X orphanum would give the same analysis of parentage. 7
P. X Serapuis (P. x Orpheus Youngianum ? X P. cenanthum supel —
bum ¢) is another richly coloured flower, the segments being purple
brown, with numerous brown blotches on the dorsal sepal and a white

Fepruary, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 61

apex, thus most resembling the seed parent. The seed was sown in
October, 1897. The preceding were all raised in the collection.

A brightly-coloured Lzlio-cattleya, purchased as L.-c. X Pallas, is also-
sent, but we should suggest that it may be a form of L.-c. X Gottoiana, or
one of the allied L. tenebrosa hybrids.

ae

ODONTOGLOSSUM PLATYCHILUM.
THE mystery about this handsome Odontoglossum is at last cleared up.
It appeared at a meeting of the R.H.S. on March 22nd, 1892, and was.
thus recorded :—“ R. I. Measures, Esq., Cambridge Lodge, Camberwell
(gr. Mr. H. Simpkins), sent a curious and pretty supposed new species of
Odontoglossum with white flowers, the lip handsomely marked with bright
rose.” (Gard. Chron., 1893, i., p. 408). Mr. Simpkins wrote :—‘‘ The
Orchid Committee at the Drill Hall yesterday gave me an Award of Merit
for an Odontoglossum sp. unknown, and desired me to bring or send the |
plant to Kew for you to decide a name for it, if new or otherwise. The
plant has only two bulbs with leaves, and two flowers on the spike.” The
plant was afterwards brought down, and I could find nothing like it, hence
the name O. platychilum was proposed. Nothing was known of its origin
except that it was purchased by Mr. Measures out of an odd lot when the
Downside collection was sold. Thus it had been in cultivation five or six
years at least before it flowered. In describing it, I suggested that it
appeared to be most allied to the Guatemalan O. stellatum, Lindl., and
evidently belonged to the Central American group of species (Gard. Chron.,
1892, ii., p. 35). Previous to this, however, a figure and description by
Mr. J. Weathers had appeared (/.c., i., p. 587, fig. 84). Upwards of thirteen
years elapsed without further information respecting the species, when I
recognised it among some undetermined Central American Orchids in the
collection of Oakes Ames, Esq., in a collection distributed by J. Donnell
Smith. It was collected by Heyde and Lux, at Chiul, in the Department
of Quiché, Guatemala, at an altitude of 2,600 métres, in April, 1892. This
specimen proved identical with a fruiting specimen collected by Bernoulli
in Guatemala in May, 1866, which had previously been indeterminable
(Odontoglossum sp., Hemsl. Biol. Centr. Amer., Bot., iii., p. 278). It is
interesting to be able thus to clear up the history of the species, but I fear
it is now lost to cultivation, nothing having been heard of it for a consider-
able period. It isa beautiful species, and remarkable for its broad white
lip being regularly spotted with purple, while the sepals and petals are also-
white. It would be interesting if someone could secure an importation of
the species.
R. A. ROLFE.

62 THE ORCHID REVIEW. FEBRUARY, 1906

NOTES. ’

THE next meeting of the R.H.S. will be held at the Royal Horticultural
Hall, Vincent Square, Westminster, on February 13th, when the Orchid’
‘Committee will meet at the usual hour, 12 o'clock noon. The Annua —
General Meeting will be held at 3 p.m. on the same day.

The subjects selected for the special competition for Diplomas on this —
date are, Cypripedium villosum and C. Boxallii, with their hybrids, white’
yarieties of Lelia anceps, and Cattleya Trianz with its hybrids, and these,
weather permitting, should furnish materials for a fine display.

The Manchester and North of England Orchid Society will hold meet:

ings at the Coal Exchange, Manchester, on February 8th and zand. The
Committee meets at noon,

and the exhibits are open to inspection from
I to 3 p.m.

The last issue of M. Goossens’ useful little Dictionnaire I. hique de
Orchidées contains figures of the followi
Cattleya xX Mlle. Marie Henriette de
Maron, Cymbidium sinen
4 Cc

re OL ee
ng Orchids :—Barkeria spectabilis,
Wavrin, C. x triumphans var. C. :
se, Cypripedium Fairrieanum, Epidendrum
» Lelia D tiana, L. x Eug. Bollett, Lelio-cattleya X ~
Ernesti, Lycaste Deppei, Odontoglossum cordatum, Oncidium gramini-
folium and Stanhopea oculata. 4

We have received the first numb:

er of the Garden Album and Review, —
an illustrated monthly

Magazine of Horticulture, edited by Mr. John —
Weathers, and containing four excellent coloured plates of garden plants, —
with a variety of other interesting matters. We note also a photographic
illustration of Odont gl X Smithii with sketches of Disa pulchra and
Lelio-cattleya x epicasta, Gatton Park var., together with notes on new
‘Orchids and an Index to the most important articles and illustrations in
various periodicals. The work is to be devoted to Gardening in all its
branches, and is published by Messrs. Simpkin, Marshall & Co., at 7d.

monthly. We wish our new contemporary every success. 4

We are informed that Mr. W. Mansell (for the last twelve years with
Messrs. Charlesworth & Co.,) has taken over the management of Messrs- q
J. W. Moore, Ltd., of Rawdon, near Leeds, also a principal portion of the

shares in the concern, and will continue to carry on the business as ©
Orchid importers, &c. 4

Recent issues of Die Gartenw
of Herr Theodor Frank, of Mag
both of the houses and their co

elt contain an account of the establishment =a
deburg, accompanied by numerous figures, a
ntents.

FrpRuARY, 1906. | THE ORCHID REVIEW. 63

A painting of alight yellow form of Paphiopedilum x Fowler, called
var. Graham L. Wilson, grown in the collection of Mrs. G. B. Wilson,
of Philadelphia, U.S.A. (gr. Mr. E. I is Sent through Mee “age
& Sons. It was derived from P. Chamb and
and was purchased some years ago from Mr. Corning, es the celebrated
Corning collection. It is described as free flowering, the spike being about
a foot long, and bearing three to four flowers. It conforms to the type in
shape, but the ground colour of the flower is light yellow.

A photograph of a curious freak is sent by Mr. J. McCartney, of Bolton.
It represents a Cattleya, apparently C. Trianz, which was purchased at
the late Stand Hall Sale as an unflowered plant. Mr. McCartney writes :—
“Shortly after it commenced to make what seemed to be a strong break,
but when about an inch in length I was surprised to see a bud forming,
which eventually developed into the flower, as photographed. It was
fully seven inches across, and was in no way deformed.’ _It appears to be
due to a very curious arrest of the vegetative organs, and will probably not
be repeated on the second growth.

A recent issue of the Gardening World contains (p. 40) an account of the
varieties of Cypripedium insigne in the collection of G. F. Moore, Esq.,
Chardwar, Bourton-on-the-Water, together with a figure of one of the
houses. The Gardeners’ Magazine (p. 43) has also an account of the same
collection, and remarks that Mr. Moore has the greatest number of
C. insigne varieties of any collection in the United Kingdom or in the
world.

ORCHID PORTRAITS.

Brassavota DicByana.—Gartenwelt. x., p, 20, with fig.

CaTTLEYA X MINUCIA. ieee: X., p. 199, with fig.

CATTLEYA X ti It, x., p. 199, with fig.

C@LOGYNE OCELLATA neem Hort., 1906, i., p. 25, with
fig.

Cynorcuis compacta, Rchb. f.—Bot. Mag., t. 8053.

CYPRIPEDIUM X ALBOPURPUREUM.—Journ. Hort., 1906, i., p. 69, with
fig.

CYPRIPEDIUM X ALCIBIADES MAGNIFICUM.—Gard. Chron., 1906, i.,
p- 52, fig. 27 ; Gard. Mag., 1906, p. 55, with fig.: Garden. 1906, i., p. 55,
with fig.

CYPRIPEDIUM CAUDATUM.—Journ. Hort., 1906, i., p. 90, with fig.

64 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [Fepruary, 1906.

CyprIPEDIUM X F. H. Cann.—Gard. Mag., 1906, pp. 43, 44, with fig.
CYPRIPEDIUM INSIGNE SYLHETENSE GIGANTEUM.—Gard. Mag., 1906
p- 41, with fig. }
L#LI0-CATTLEYA ‘X EPICASTA, GATTON PARK vAR.—Gard. Alb., 1906,
p- 15, with fig.
CyPRIPEDIUM X TESSELLATUM RUBENS.—Gard. Chron., 1906, i., p. 1,
fig. 13. 4
CyYPRIPEDIUM X THALIA VAR. Mrs. FRANCIS WELLESLEY.—Gard.
Chron., 1906, i., p. 5, fig. 2 ; Garden, 1906, i., p. 9, with fig.
DENDROBIUM DENSIFLORUM ALBOLUTEUM.—Gard. World, 1906, p. 49>
with fig.
D

d “ GIGANTEUM.—Gartenwelt, x., pp. 174, 175)
with fig. :
DENDROBIUM PHAL@NoPsIS vaR. Louisa DEAne.—Journ. Hort., 1906
i., p. 90, with fig. ;
Disa PULCHRA TRING Park var.—Journ. Hort., 1906, i., p. 3, with fig.;
Gard. Album, 1906, p. 14, with fig.
EPICATTLEYA X Gart It, x., p. 200, with fig.
OponToGLossuM X SmiITHII.—Gard. Album, 1906, p. 12, with fig.
OponTOGLossuM x WILCKEANUM ScHR@DERIANUM.—Garden, 1906, h.,
p- 23, with fig.
STANHOPEA X WOLTERIANA.—Gartenwelt, x., p. 200, with fig.

ee

CORRESPONDENCE.

(Correspondents not answered here may find replies to their queries on other pages, and in So
cases, for various reasons, they may have to stand over for a future issue, In the case of hybri”
seedlings sent for name, the parentage and histor ry should always be briefly stated, for without thes E
details we are not always able to deal with them satisfactorily.) ;

dd 2 appear to be Calanthe vestita rubro-oculata. 3 and 4 have also t he
more purple on the lip. They may be forms of this species or hybr ids.
they are seedlings, or if the pseudobulbs are constricted in the middle
figured at page 17 of our last issue. We
name you mention and should like to know w
E. R.—1 is clearly another form of Paphiopedilum X aureum, and its resemblance
_the one marked “ Sallieri Hyeanum iceri
Ti
had tessellated leaves. That labelled *‘ Leeanum x id ing; 25 ae
lorsal sepal and base of the petals are regularly blotched with brown. It is a promising
seedling, but the parentage requires confirmation. :
H. L.—Not yet to hand.

R. M. P.—Seeds duly received, with thanks. We will report any success later.
Photographs received, with thanks. E. O. 0.,°H:‘R, J..McC.
_ Catalogue received.—We have received the illustrated Catalogue of Orchids for 19 ie a
issued by Messrs. Charlesworth & Co., on, Bradford, containing a fine series ©
species and hybrids, with Prices, and descriptions of some of the more recent. a

o
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Trinted by R. W. Simpson & Co,, Ltd. Richmond Press, Sheen Road, Richmond, Surrey.

eR TERE nerTrn eT

Subscriptions for 1906 are now due.

Vor. XIV.) MARCH, 1906. (No. 159.

ORCHID REVIEW:

Hn Fllustrated Monthly Journal of Orchidology.

Contents.

PAG PAGE

Calanthe X Veitchii, Sport of a 3 on | Orchids growing in the Ay i ne se
Gelengas of Operations for March «+ 74 | Orchid-culture in Java ate “aan OS
Catt X flaveola ... a acy Oe Orchid Portraits... see se0 pr OF
eee ponnerice ‘aa Fe oe .. 96 | Orchids at Kew ou mh as eee
Dendrobiums, resting of Se Ee] ee hids in season oon $ 90
Orchids sao and now aie re Pe

Dendrobiums, Christma as flowering

D. x Artemi ) Orchis, carly vee Ratt

Curtisii (Fi is: 9) P. aphi iope edilum ci aster rsianum 5 oma

Disa erubescens : Paphioy Fig. 11) 89

Hybridist fey P re: yunnanensis (Fig. 10) ane or OE
Lelia anceps S: anderiana ...

Socie! 3 jo) 82
Mat a AGEs “and “North” "of 4

Irchid =i aia oe OF

ie al Horticultura al one obs as 82

Lath Roller Blinds :
Masdevallias at Woodhatch Lodge
Notes #

Odontoglossum ¢ g srande

PRICE SIXPENCE MONTHLY. Post Free 7/- PER ANnNuM—SEE OVERLEAF.

SANDER & SONS, *e.

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RE-INTRODUCTION OF THE MARVELLOUS

CATTLEYA LAWRENCEANA

The Finest of all Cattleyas, and the
most difficult Orchid to collect.

1 also ofter imported :—
Zygopetalum rostratum. Zygopetalum Burkei

&

It_has not been imported
————— es
for the last 16 years. . . 1,
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Cypripedium Lindleyanum.

For Prices and Particulars apply to

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|

:

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: ll

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Are indispensable for the successful culture of Orchids.

WALTERS & CO.,

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Blind Makers,

16 WATER LANE, GREAT TOWER STREET,

ARMSTRONG & BROWN,

ORCHID RAISERS, IMPORTERS,
ID GROWERS.

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Buy First Hand ;
,

r buy from the Raiser.
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TO SELECT FROM,

INSPECTION INVITED.

ORCHID PANS of superior quality,
ORCHID PANS for suspending.
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es, 6 O

Two good

feahca eat ‘oi
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inches. Few dozen very fine specimen plants,
leaves, 4, 6, 10 in om ind
Specimens, per plant only small est: ae
eaves 3 to 4 inches, per hundred, 125/- About 1,000 plants b
offer altogether, Prices on application, or will exchange a P™™

for other Orchids,

d varieties East and
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Th OR etcr vy Tew:

VoL. XIV.] MARCH, 1906. {No. 159.

ORCHID-GROWING IN THE TROPICS.

{he following article by the late Mr. E. S. Rand, of Para, which
appeared in the Proceedings of the New York Horticultural Society, contains
some interesting information respecting the Orchids of the Upper Amazon,
hence its reproduction in our pages.—ED.]}

The culture of Orchids, often attended with so many obstacles in
temperate regions, presents little or no difficulty in the Tropics. When
after voyaging for some years on the Amazon, from Para to Pebas, in Peru,
a distance of some 2000 miles, and seeing Orchids in their habitats, I
decided to remain permanently in Para, I soon had a small collection of the
more common Amazonian Orchids, such as many species of Catasetums,
Gongoras, Rodri Epidend Oncidiums, Galeandras, Tricho-
centrum atkoparpuiteitn; Staahopel eburnea, and Cattleya superba,
Eldorado, Wallisii, and luteola. These plants, although coming from
regions hundreds of miles removed, all flourished under the same treat-
ment. Those of which I had plenty were simply wired on to the trunks
and branches of the Orange and Sapodilla trees in the orchard, but the
choicer kinds (as, like almost every one else in Para, I was only a tenant at
will in my house) were fastened on to bare hard wood blocks, which were
hung on the trees, or on the shady side of the orchard fences. On the
trees the growth of roots began at once, and the distance the roots would
run up and down the trunks was astonishing. For example, a medium-
sized plant of Cattleya superba stretched its roots four feet up and more
than six feet down the trunk of a Sapodilla tree, these long roots often
branching and covering the bark like a network. On plants grown on
blocks the root growth was far shorter, but no less strong and healthy.
Such profusion of roots could not fail to produce strong and healthy growth,
and after a few months I was never without a good display of Orchid bloom.

The treatment was simply, when two consecutive days followed without
the afternoon shower, to give a syringing in early morning to the plants
on blocks, those on the trees never requiring any. When the plants
showed bud they were removed to the piazza and hung to the posts or to
the rafters of the roof, where, being under cover and thus out of reach of

65

66 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [Marcu, 1906.

the rain, they received a morning syringing. When the plants were out of
bloom they were returned to the orchard. The show of flower was at times
very fine. Plants of Cattleya superba were seldom out of bloom; this
species never rested and showed flower from every new growth, the colour
varying from clear pink to deep lake. A single spike would often show
seven blooms, and many individual flowers measured three inches in
diameter, but, as a rule, the very large flowers were wanting in depth of
colour. Cattleya Eldorado, blooming from November to March, presented
a great difference of colour, from deep pink to the pure white Cattleya
Wallisii, which is only a white Cattleya Eldorado in flower, though very
distinct in growth. The size and depth of colour of the blotch on the
lip, varying from deepest orange to light yellow, was very marked in the
various plants, as also the purple spot and the frilling of the tip of the lip.
Cattleya luteola, like C. superba, was always in growth and bloom, the
canary-yellow flowers, produced two to eight together, showing a great
variety in the carmine markings of the lip. Stanhopeas and Coryanthes
usually bloomed from December to June, but if one has many plants, some
can be found showing flower every month in the year.

Rodriguezia secunda and laxiflora bloom in January. The former in
the shape of a large plant makes a magnificent show. One of my plantsis
as large as a bushel measure, and had last winter more than 100 long spikes
of bloom. This Rodriguezia is no less ornamental in seed than in flower,
the capsules bursting and showing the masses of infinitesimal white seeds
which look like woolly flowers. It is very common around Para, the Mango
trees being full of it, and it is in fact almost the only Orchid which is found
in the city itself. There is a great difference in the plants ; some have thin
leaves, few spikes and pale flowers, and others thick fleshy leaves, and many
spikes with very rich cherry-coloured blossoms. The best are quite as
handsome as S labi pull Rodriguezia laxiflora is a charm-
ing little plant, with long pendent spikes of greenish yellow flowers with 4
small white lip, which fill the whole air with a rich spicy fragrance.
Scuticaria Steelii on the trees produced its rush-like leaves four feet im
length, and in February gives an abundance of bloom which lasts long i#
perfection.

Catasetums and Myanthus were present in great variety, and, owing t0
their ever-varying flowers, are always a source of wonder and delight-
Certain premises granted, one can usually tell what the flower of a plant
will be like, but there is no telling what a Catasetum will do. If a plant
produced at the same time a Rose and a Lily, the two flowers are not more
unlike than those which many of my Catasetums have produced from the
same pseudobulb, and the same plant in different years produces wholly
different flowers. The few Cycnoches which I have, also develop some

Maxcu, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 67

curious freaks in flowers, but their inconsistency shows some little rule.
pury is a little gem, blooming for many months,
and deliciously fragrant. Different plants vary much in markings, but all
are lovely. Oncidium Lanceanum, called here ‘“Orelha do Burro,” or
Ass’s Ear, is the best of the Oncidiums. — It grows freely and yields great
branching spikes of bloom from November to March. The flowers last long
in beauty, and are very fragrant. We have some plants larger than a
bushel basket, with more than a dozen tall spikes. Galeandra Devoniana
and a small white flowered species, as far as I can find not described, bloom
from January to July. The former often attains a height of three feet, and
develops its great fragrant flowers in profusion. The latter is always in
bloom,.in fact will kill itself by blooming; it is very rare, and, although
not showy, is a very attractive plant. The Rio Negro variety of

pidend bi if indeed I am correct in my name, is a very
beautiful Orchid, but, unfortunately, it is very difficult to transport. Out
of fifty plants sent me from Mafaos, which were only a week in the case,
I only saved ten. Ofa lot taken to New York in the spring of 1882 not
one survived, in spite of every personal care. The pseudobulb is hollow,
with two terminal coriaceous leaves, from between which the flower spike
springs. This is long, and, according to the strength of the pseudobulb,
bears from two to fifteen large white flowers, which somewhat resemble and
are as beautiful as those of Phalaenopsis grandiflora; they last weeks in
perfection, and are deliciously fragrant in the morning. This plant, in con-
trast to the Trinidad E. bicornutum, which is a shy bloomer, flowers very
freely ; every little pseudobulb gives a flower spike, and we have seen a
large plant on a tree ina neighbour's garden which had twenty long spikes

- of bloom, not one with less than a dozen flowers.

There is one other very beautiful Amazonian Orchid—probably
undescribed—a very lovely Zygopetalum of the Z. maxillare or rostratum
group, which yields semi-pendent spikes of large white flowers, the lip
varying from chocolate to deep rich blue. The individual flowers last six
weeksin beauty. The plant is scandent, producing its pseudobulbs from
a running root stock, and each pseudobulb gives two spikes of bloom from
the lower leaves on the opposite sides.

Our first Orchids not Amazonian came from Bahia. They were
generally long-leaved Epidendrums of little value, but plants of
Epidend dick Cattleya Aclandie, guttata Leopoldi, amethysto-
glossa, Harri and hysti Lelia xanthina, Miltonia spectabilis
and candida, Oncidium Forbesii and Harrisonianum, and Leptotes bicolor
proved great acquisitions. They all, though weak plants, did well under
similar treatment to the others, and made healthy growth and roots.

(To be concluded.)

68 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [Marcu, 1906,

CATTLEYA x FLAVEOLA

Tue work of clearing up the history of some of the early Cattleyas is some-
thing like competing in an obstacle race, so difficult is it to get at the facts.
There are some curious hybrids, natural and artificial, grouping themselves
round C. intermedia and C. guttata, which I have long been hoping to:
clear up. One of these is C. X flaveola, Rchb. f. (Gard. Chron., 1882, ii.
p- 596), which was suggested as derived from “ C. intermedia X guttata?” —
and described as follows :—

“Mr. F. Tautz, Studley House, 289, Goldhawk Road, London, W.,
kindly sent me the fine flower of this hybrid which, I am informed, was
raised by Messrs. Backhouse, Holgate House, York. ‘he flower gave one
at first the impression of a yellow Lelia elegans. It is equal to a middle-
sized flower of that species, and has ligulate, rather acuminate sepals and
petals, broader in the middle, all of a pale, clear yellow, coming very neat
to the lightest sulphur colour. The lip has much the shape of that of a
Cattleya guttata. The side laciniz are semicordate at the base, oblong, —
prolonged into a long, semi-lanceblate apex equal to the narrow claw of the
mid-lacinia, which extends into a ly oblong gi crenulate
rugose mid-lacinia. The whole mid-lacinia is purple as on the tops of the
white side laciniz, both inside and outside. The column is very plump,
white, purple at the top. Cattleya x picturata, Rchb. f., may be compared
to it from its origin, but it is widely distinct in its smaller blunt flowers and
totally distinct lip. My typical specimen [of that] has thirteen flowers.
It is also called ‘hybrida picta.’ Cattleya x flaveola is exceedingly
elegant to my taste. It is also near Cattleya sextus, but that has much

_ broader blunt acute sepals and petals.”
No specimen or drawing being accessible, I was puzzled as to what it
could be, and according to the record the natural hybrid C. x scita had #
“similar parentage; and both should be forms of Mr. Dominy’s earliest
Cattleya hybrid, C. x hybrida (O. R., v., p. 333). The discovery of an
excellent painting of C. x scita in Mr. Day’s collection of Orchid drawings
gave a new clue to the origin of that plant, namely, that it was 2 hybrid
between C. intermedia and C. porphyrogl (O. R,, xi., p. 254), and Es
now believe that C. x flaveola has the same origin. Both the colour of |
the flower and the very characteristic shape of the lip, as above described,
are completely in agreement, and this explains the marked differences from
C. x hybrida. And I suspect the “ C. sextus” mentioned in the above not® 4
ae ding of Reichenbach’s almost illegible handwriting of C. scit®
At all events, I cannot find any further trace of the name. I also suspect ,
that C. x flaveola is a natural, not an artificial hybrid, unless Mess
Backhouse can show evidence to the contrary. The idea that C- a ;

Marcu, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 69

flaveola is a form of C. X scita, and that this and C. x hybrida are quite
distinct hybrids simplifies matters enormously. The existence of another
‘C. X hybrida (= C. X Brabantie) has already been pointed out.

R. A. RoLFE.

DISA ERUBESCENS.

It is well known that the large and polymorphic South African genus Disa
extends into the highlands of tropical Africa as well as into Madagascar,
and now a handsome tropical African species has appeared in cultivation.
It is Disa erubescens, Rendle, which was described from dried specimens
about eleven years ago (Journ. Bot., 1895, p. 297). Tubers were sent to
Kew from British Central Africa by J. M. Purves, Esq., and one of them
has now flowered. The flower is both large and handsome, and the colour
is nearer to the well-k Disa grandiflora than most other cultivated
ones, though the structure is very different. The dorsal sepal is obovate-
spathulate in shape, somewhat concave and obtuse, and r} inches long,
while the colour is rich orange, spotted with crimson. Its spur is linear,
five lines long and dull crimson in colour. The spreading lateral sepals are
oblong, ten lines long, and scarlet, becoming paler at the base. The petals
are erect, auriculate at the base, extending upwards into a linear lobe with
a slightly broader diverging apex, this part being coloured like the dorsal
sepal. The lip is linear, and half an inch long. The species is diffused
over a considerable area, having been collected on Mount Ruwenzori, from
6,000 to 7,000 feet elevation, by Scott-Elliot, near Lake Tanganyika, at
5,250 feet by Nutt, and also in Nyassaland and on the Zomba plateau by
Whyte, at elevations between 2,000 and 6,000 feet. Wild specimens are
considerably over a foot high, and bear racemes of from five to eight flowers,
but the Kew plant, owing to not being established, has at present only a
single flower. It bears a single lanceolate leaf, six inches long, and the
basal sheaths are regularly spotted with red-brown. It is a very interesting
acquisition. _R. A, Rore.

MASDEVALLIAS AT WOODHATCH LODGE.

On December 21, upon entering one of the Orchid houses at Woodhatch,
Reigate, the residence of Mrs. Haywood, I was astonished and delighted to
see a number of well-grown and splendidly-flowered plants of the well-
known Masdevallia tovarensis. Altogether there were nineteen plants
arranged in one row through the entire length of the house, which is about
twenty-five feet long. Each plant was a picture in itself, being literally
‘covered with flowers ; one specimen produced as many as ninety spikes,

jo THE ORCHID REVIEW. [Marcu, 1906.

and each spike was carrying two or three white spicy-scented flowers, the
aggregate number of spikes being 1,700, carrying in all over 4,000 flowers.
Being a compact growing subject, throwing its flowers well above the dark-
green foliage, M. tovarensis is indeed an extremely charming Orchid, anda
valuable plant for decorative purposes, especially when seen in such
luxuriant health as are these plants under Mr. Salter’s skilful management.
The plants are grown in moderately shallow pans, about eight or nine
inches in diameter. Good drainage being essential, the pans are about half
filled with broken potsherds ; over these a layer of moss is placed, and in
potting the plants are placed so that the surface of the compost is about
level with the rim of the pan. The rooting medium is composed of fibrous
peat and live sphagnum-moss in equal parts, and a very small quantity of
leaf soil mixed with it. Plenty of living heads of sphagnum-moss are put
on the surface, and by the time the plants are in full growth, the whole of
the compost is covered with living moss. After the disturbance caused by
re-potting, the plants are yery carefully watered, but when they commence

to make roots and new leaves, water is again supplied liberally and con- —

tinued through the growing season. This Masdevallia should be grown in
the Cool house from April until October, and requires an abundance of ait
and shade. From October till April the plants thrive best in an inter-
mediate temperature. On the day of my visit to Woodhatch, the
temperature of the house was 57 degrees at 4 p.m.—W. H. W. in Gard.
Chron., 1906, i., p. 14.

HARDY ORCHIDS FROM SEED.
A CORRESPONDENT writes :—I am anxious to try my hand at raising
seedlings of hardy Orchids,“and even at hybridising if possible. I have had
to sow seeds of various terrestrial Orchids from China, &c., and have also

sown a lot of home-saved seeds of Cypripedium, but so far have little but _

failure to chronicle. Iam aware that even the kinds grown in warm houses
‘take a considerable time to germinate, but I would be glad to have any
advice you can give me, also any literature you can recommend me to get»
There may be insuperable difficulties in the way, but I think it would be @
triumph if we could obtain hybrids of hardy Orchids.”

The letter recalls an article on the subject which appeared in our first
volume (pp. 246-248), summarising what was then known on the subjects
and we do not remember any sub q inf ion of i The
secret, if there is any, seems to be to sow the seeds cinder suitable con
ditions (and by this is meant conditions under which the parents
succeed), keep the surroundings fairly moist, keep weeds and predacious
insects in check, and await the result. We have seen self-sown Orchis

era

ae

Marcu, 1606.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 7

maculata in a tuft of Veronica, though their presence was not suspected till
the spikes appeared. The seeds had evidently blown there from a plant
near by, and the presence of the Veronica prevented the seedlings from
being disturbed. In a similar way seedling Orchises have been found in
tufts of Iris. We once tried to raise Cypripedium Calceolus from unques-
tionably good seed, but without success. We should be obliged if any of
our readers will forward us any of their experiences on the subject. There
are many natural hybrids among hardy Orchids, and artificial ones are not
outside the range of possibility.

RESTING OF DENDROBES.

THis is a very open question, where and how to rest Dendrobiums. I, with
many’ others, used to consider it essential, in order to flower them well, to
remove them from the growing houses and place them in such a structure
as a vinery or peach house, where they had much air and sunshine. I have
now changed my views, and consider that way now quite unnecessary to
produce abundance of flower. On the principle of resting which we now
adopt we get a better class of flowers, and the general well-being of the
plant is preserved, besides giving strength and sustenance to the new growth
previous to new roots being emitted. The majority of our bulbs are as
plump after they have finished flowering as they were before.

I believe the whole thing is centred in full development. It is often
thought that when the new growth has attained its full length the time has
come for ripening to start, but full development is not attained till some
time later, and, when full development is attained, maturity soon follows
without much artificial aid. Then the new bulb contains much substance,
and can produce its flowers without feeling any great strain.

The process we adopt is as follows:—From the middle of August we
admit a little air from the side or top ventilators at night, never much. The
time of shading is also very gradually reduced, scarcely altering the supply
of’ water till the new bulbs assume a golden colour, when the water is
gradually reduced, but we never withhold it long enough to cause any
shrivelling of the bulbs. During November and early December we allow
them to remain dry as long as-possible, and if they are properly matured
they will go several days without harm, maintaining a minimum tempera-
ture of 55° till the new year, by which time the buds will be pushing fast,
when the temperature may be raised five degrees at night, and rather more
water given.

Many growers cannot devote a- house to Dendrobiums, but nearly as
good results can be obtained by taking them to the Intermediate Orchid
house when the growth has attained its length.

2 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [ Marcu, 1906.

I am sure many Dendro by injudicious resting, causing

ugh we have now so

disappointment to the employ
many fine varieties of other Orchids, I still consider a good collection of
ntial in order to provide an abundance

well-grown Dendrobiums as most es:
of flowers, which are useful in many ways during January, February, and
March, and although now they can not be called popular, I yet believe we
ll

shall collections of note.

e them grown in quantity in a

tton Park Gardens, Reigate. W. P. Bounp.

G

ROBIUM X ARTEMIS.

TWO USEFUL DENDROBIUMS FOR FLOWERING AT
CHRISTMAS

a
Art s raised in the collection of Jeremiah Col-
UD. X spl liflor nc . aureum
? ge 7 .
fic illu 1 typic I
ted A
~ de I ll « he t
1 tl r c h

Marcu, 1906. ] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 7

we find it easier to flower this for the Christmas season than we do to keep
it back to co in with the other varieties.

DENDROBIUM X CuRTIs!I is another fine variety
species, Dendrobium aur i

my own raising, and di

also represented.

‘om most forms of this charm

having a very elongated lip. 1

“he central blotch of the 1

. 9. DENDROBIUM X CURT

ISI{.

lite. This \

Ese forticultural Hall
plants exh city sid

3th, yet it wz

Gatton Park Gardens, Reigate.

[For the two e

are indebted t

forwe

74 THE ORCHID REVIEW. (Marcu, 1906.
CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS FOR MARCH. ce
By J. M. Brack, Streatham.

East Inpran House.—There will now be considerable activity in this.
house, and many of the inmates will require overhauling. Re-potting plants
of Vandas, Saccolabiums, and Aérides is a matter of much difficulty, as the
fleshy roots cling tenaciously to the sides of the pots or baskets, and, where-
ever possible, it is best to leave these undisturbed. With care, most of the
old material can be removed without much root disturbance, and the fresh
worked in. The compost for these plants should be of a rough, open
nature, and should include some half-decayed oak leaves to provide humus,.
the other ingredients being fibrous peat and sphagnum moss. In potting
large plants, such as Ang quipedale, large pieces of charcoal can -
be worked in to keep the whole open and sweet. Plenty of moisture must
now be distributed in this house, especially round plants that have been
disturbed.

Tuuntas.—T. Marshalliana, T. Bensoniz, &c., should be repotted this-
month. Use a compost of fibrous loam and leaf-soil, to which coarse silver
sand or broken crocks have been added. Drain well, and keep the base of
the bulbs on the surface, having left sufficient old roots to: fix them in the
new compost. The bulbs will require support from sticks. From now on
they will require plenty of warmth and light, so must be stood well up to’
the glass. Apply water-very sparingly until well advanced.

ZYGOPETALUMS.—Z, Mackayi, Z. crinitum, &c., can also be potted now.
Fibrous loam, leaf-soil, peat and moss in equal quantities, with the addition
of silver sand, will make a suitable compost. These should receive a place
in the Intermediate house, or airy end of the Cattleya house. If kept too
stagnant the foliage soon shows signs of spotting.

Decipuous CaLanTHES.—Varieties of C. vestita, C. rosea, C. X
Cooksoni, C. X Bryan, C. x William Murray, C. x Veitchii, &c., will
20% be commencing togrow, and should be re-potted when the new growths:
are an inch or two up. A compost of three parts fibrous loam and one part
leaf soil, with a sprinkling of silver sand, will be found suitable. The pots
should be four inches to six inches large, according to the size of the bulb,
and well drained. Pot firmly, and have the base of the bulb a little way
under the surface of the compost. he potting material should be fairly
dry, and not colder than the temperature of the house in which the
Calanthes are. A warm position well up to the light should be provided
them, and no water will be required for some days. Keep the surroundings:

moist, and gradually increase the water as the roots ascend and the foliag®
expands.

SHADING AND VENTILATION.—The sun will be too strong this month.

Marcu, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 75

for a good many of the Orchids, and before the end of the month shading
will be pretty general. Newly-potted plants are usually better shaded until
the roots get a new hold. Phalznopsis and many other plants in the East
Indian house cannot stand much direct sunshine. Small seedlings of all
kinds will also require shading for some hours every day when the sun is
strong. Where only a few plants inside a house are of a tender nature,
shading locally with some temporary arrangement inside the house will be
better than shutting out the heat. Air may now be given pretty generously
when the weather is favourable, but avoid any extremes. One is some-
times tempted to give more air than is advisable at this season, so as to be
able to keep the blinds up. March has a bad reputation. South and west
winds that travel slow are safe. With these winds a chink of top air on
the Cattleya house and no shading will do good. The pseudobulbs will get
warmed up, and out will come the roots. But take no risks with an east
wind.

DAMPING DOWN will have to be performed now twice daily. Things
will be taking on a greener appearance, and will be greedier after moisture
as they get thoroughly awakened to new life. The syringe will now play an
important part. The Odontoglossums will welcome a spray overhead on
fine days, and so will all small seedlings.

Firtnc.—Avoid as much as possible having sun heat and fire heat at
one time, but do not let the fires get too low, by being deceived with sun
heat at mid-day, nor let the temperatures drop too quickly during the
afternoon. The morning sun will lift the temperatures quickly, and if the
blinds are dropped it- may be found necessary to reduce any air which may
have been given, and also to keep the fire moving along. All heat should
be shut off the Odontoglossums in the morning when the day is fine. The

t t ded for January will be found to be still high
enough with fire heat only. Of course, the day temperatures will soon in a
great measure look after themselves, and the Pp ded in

January should be regarded as the minimum.

L#&LIO-CATTLEYAS.—From germination until they are two years old
Lzlio-cattleyas have no clearly defined period of rest. The seedling growth
has barely finished before the bend in the leaf-axil starts, and this second
growth will no sooner be completed than the eye at its base will swell, so
that there is really a continuity of growth, varying in its degree of activity
according to the season, for the first two years of the plant’s existence ;
during the third and fourth year, there will be great irregularity among
plants of the same age and same cross, they being probably all at different
stages of growth at one time; but as they near the flowering period they
come more into line, and although growing well into winter, they may take
a short dormant period.

76 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [Marcu, 1906.

The object which one has in view with small seedlings is to get them
large as soon as possible, and as there is no interruption or exhaustion from
flowering, and no flowering period to be anticipated and prepared for, the
method of treatment differs in some essential points from that accorded to
adult plants. Sunlight and air, so necessary to ripen up the tissues of
Cattleyas and Lelias that are of flowering size, and without which they
will not flower up to their true character, should both be applied less
liberally to these small seedlings. Lzelio-cattleyas will stand a lot more
sun before turning yellow than imported species will, and they should receive
all they will stand when large, but strong light has a dwarfing effect on
small seedlings, and thus the flowering stage, so much longed for, is
retarded. The temperatures must to some extent be regulated by the
species from which the seedlings are derived, but should be considerably
higher than these enjoy, and for at least the first two years of growth no
difference need be made in this tespect between seedlings derived from
cooler growing species, such as Leelia Jongheana, and those derived from
species requiring more heat, such as Cattleya superba. Later on one must
of course differentiate. A night temperature of 65° in winter seems to suit
all Lelio-cattleyas admirably for the first two or three years, and they
must receive similar treatment to growing plants with regard to
watering. No plant, unless it be deciduous, can be kept at a minimum

offer a large surface for transpiration, they should not be allowed to suffer
for want of water.

Of late a good many Lelio-cattleyas have changed hands in a small
State, and, if bought at the auction-rooms, will have reached home in a dry
condition. This will be somewhat perplexing to the inexperienced grower,
but as these plants kave been allowed to dry out before being sent to the
saleroom—so as not to be injured by the cold in transit or through standing
in a draughty room—their being dry thus Permits of an easy explanation.
They should not receive water immediately on reaching home, but should
have at least twenty-four hours in the house to get thoroughly warmed
through.

Compost For Lavio-catt.eyas,
in the compost used for these when t
when they are large.
for the second), which t
months old, but usuall
gives good results, M
as much in depth a
between it and tii

—Some difference may also be made
hey are small and for the same plants
For the first Potting into single pots (and sometimes
‘akes place when the plant is anything up to eighteen
y when it is about twelve months, Belgian leaf-soil
y plan is to give a good surfacing of sphagnum, nearly
S the leaf-soil, and I find more roots in the sphagnum, oF
¢ leaf-soil, than in the leaf-soil itself. When beyond a

Marcu, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 77

three-inch pot, we use a more porous mixture, viz., peat in lumps, sphagnum
moss, and oak-leaves, with a good sprinkling ot sand, one-fourth of the bulk
being leaves. For the final potting before flowering—if we can so calculate
it—the moss and leaves are very considerably reduced, thus giving the
compost a more lasting nature, and the pots are chosen large enough to
accommodate the plant for two years.

Where raising has been successfully carried on, there will be plants of
all sizes which will soon want re-potting, and it should be known that a
small plant feels the effects of being repotted much less than the large
ones, and a beginning should be made with these. :

The month of March is of great importance to the hybridist, as it
marks the beginning of his seed-sowing season. There is som.
difference of opinion among growers as to the advisability of keeping seed
which has ripened during the previous autumn and winter until spring, but
I myself am perfectly satisfied that it is best to keep it until March, and
then start tentatively, as a better season is yet to follow. If the seed is
sown, say, as late as September, it may germinate, but will make very little
progress during the winter, and will more than likely be of delicate growth
when spring comes, and the spring-sown seed will rapidly catch up to it,
being stronger and freer in growth. _ If seed is sown actually in winter, the
embryo will swell up and become green, and so remain, for no leaf point
will come through the spermoderm. It is very unlikely, also, that seed
kept thus suspended will germinate in spring, although I know perfectly
well that there are plenty of cases on record where it has happened—even
after two years. I prefer getting mine up in two months—although I don’t
always do it, alas! I know a man who got a Brassavola Digbyana hybrid
in sheath in ten months—but I did not see the plant!

PREPARATION OF SEED.—How to keep the seed ina sound condition all
the winter is not a matter of much difficulty, if common E i
are taken. When the capsule splits and commences to shed the seed, it
should be cut from the plant, taking all the green flower stem possible.
The capsule should then be placed in a pan on a piece of tissue paper, and
hung up in the sun in a perfectly dry house. Let it remain here until the
capsule becomes thoroughly dry and wizened, when the seed will all fall
out of the dry husks by tapping. The seed should then be folded neatly in
the square of tissue paper and slipped into a seed envelope, which must
be carefully labelled and placed in a drawer where a dry temperature of
40°-50° is maintained. The main point is to get the seed thoroughly ripe
and dry before storing away. It is a great mistake to tie up the pod and
leave it on the plant long after the seed begins to drop, as the life germ
cannot fail to be irritated by the moist growing condition of its environ-
ments. Seed which ripens in the spring and summer should receive the

78 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [Marcu, 1906,

‘same treatment by hanging the pod up in the sun for a time before sowing,
I hope to find room in next month’s calendar to further discuss this
subject. 3

—— + +

LATH ROLLER BLINDS.
In your issue for February we notice an article on “ Shading,” in which
‘your contributor, Mr. J. M. Black, refers to lath roller blinds, and states
(p. 47) that the galvanized clips are the weak point in these blinds. As
makers, we feel constrained to point out that these clips will last an
indefinite number of years if the blinds are given fair treatment, i.e., the
same treatment which one would give to woodwork which is exposed con-
stantly to the atmosphere. By this we mean that they should be painted
occasionally. It is not to be expected that any thin metal work will wear
well, even when galvanized, without a certain amount of protection in the
way of paint, and we can confidently assert that your contributor would
alter his opinion as to the weak point of lath roller blinds if he were to
‘treat them in the reasonable manner which we have suggested.
Watters & Co.

ORCHIDS AT KEw.
AN enumeration of the Orchids, species and hybrids, now in flower at Kew

would extend to over a hundred, so that the following notes must not be
taken as exhaustive. The Dendrobiums in particular are making a good

display of their exquisite and beautiful flowers. Foremost among them

is the old and familiar Dendrobium nobile, in both light and dark forms,
with the varieties nobilius, Cooksoni ,and hini D. Ward-
ianum is represented by several good forms, together with D. crassinode.
The hybrids include D. x Wardiano-japonicum, D. x Ainsworthii and its
varieties Edith and splendidissimum, D. x Rolfez, D. x Schneiderianum,
D. X endocharis, D. x Vannerianum, D. x Artemis, D. x burfordiense,
D. X euosmum var. virginale, D. x Curtisii, D. x chrysodiscus and D. X
‘Cybele. Suspended from the roof are several plants of D. primulinum, also
a well-flowered plant of the rather scarce D. Madonne, a native of New
Guinea. The gigantic D, undulatum, with its tall leafy stem, reaches from
the floor to the roof of the house, and bears at the extreme apex three large
racemes of flowers, which are strongly undulate, and of a rich tawny brow?-
Mingled with these are a few miscellaneous subjects, such as Phaius X
Marthe and P. grandifolius, Ceelogyne psittacina, Scuticaria Hadweniis
Acriopsis indica, the graceful and fragrant Bulbophyll A the
“curious Lockhartia Weigeltii, and several Platyclinis, both P. glumacea and

i

Marcu, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 79

P. latifolia, bearing from ten to sixteen racemes of flowers, which not only
give a graceful appearance to the plants, but fill the whole house with their
fragrance.

In the Botanical corner, which was noted last month, are several
interesting items, including Maxillaria arachnites, M. flava, and
sanguinea ; this latter is indeed a little gem, having flowers of a brownish
appearance with a bright red centre. Other items are Bulbophyllum
siamense, Spiranthes floribunda, Liparis nervosa, Tainia latifolia, Stenor-
rhynchus speciosus var. maculatus, Microstylis metallica, Platyclinis arach-
nites, Cirrhopetalum picturatum, and, suspended in a small basket above
them, is the recently introduced C. breviscapum, together with the curious
little Trias picta.

The Cattleya house is also gay with several well-flowered pans of
‘Coelogyne cristata, a few Cattleya Triane, including the variety delicata,
with C. Loddigesii. Several Lelio-cattleyas add greatly to the effect by
their charming colours, as L.-c. X Charlesworthii, X Myra, X Lydia, x
Andromeda, and warnhamensis, also Lelia harpophylla, and Brasso-
‘cattleya x Lindleyana. Among the Cymbidiums are C. Lowianum, C. x
eburneo-Lowianum, and C. eburneum. Hanging from the roof is a plant
-of Ornithidium coccineum, and a large clump of Dendrobium speciosum
‘commonly known in Australia as the rock lily.

Among the Paphiopedilums there are only a few additions to the list
which was given last month, many of which are still in flower. The
recent additions include P. WHaynaldianum, P. X Deedmanianum,
P. Chamberlainianum, and P. Boxallii. Flowering in the same house are
pens suavis and V. tricolor, Angracums citratum, eburneum, Ellisii, and

I hys fimbriata, and several good spikes are still to
‘be seen upon the Phalznopsis, including a plant of the rare P. Mannii.

In the Cool house several plants of Odontoglossums crispum are still in
flower, also O. Uroskinneri, O. bictonense, and several plants of the charming
little O. Cervantesii, with the rare O. nevium and O. nevadense. Among
‘conspicuous objects are several plants of the late-flowering O. grande. A
good batch of Satyrium odorum make their presence known by their
fragrance rather than their appéarance, the flowers being green. Near by
is a rose-coloured form of Lycaste Skinneri, showing well against the green
Satyriums. Among the Masdevallias are M. Veitchiana, Schroederiana,
macrura, Mooreana, ventricularia, tridactylites, and the insignifi little
M. simula, with the hybrids M. x Fraseri and M. X Pourbaixii, and Stelis
Cynorchis compacta, which was mentioned last month, is
Last, but not least, is

racemiflora.
flowering, and to all appearance is now at its best.
the familiar Aérides Vandarum on a raft in its usual corner, and flowering

quite freely.

80 THE ORCHID REVIEW. (Marcu, 1906,

THE HYBRIDIST.

L&Lio-caTTLEYA X OrrENS.—An interesting hybrid raised in the collec-
tion of R. G. Thwaites, Esq., of Streatham (gr. Mr. Black), from Laelia
Cowanii 2 and Cattleya Trianz ¢, and exhibited at the R.H.S. meeting
on February 13th. The flower sent must resembles the Lelia parent, being
rich orange yellow throughout, but enlarged to a diameter of 44 inches
across the petals. The lip is correspondingly enlarged, very undulate, and
has somewhat darker veining throughout, but the purple colour of the
pollen parent is completely obliterated.

Lauia X Marv Cotman.—At the same meeting another pretty little
hybrid appeared, as Lelia x Mary Colman, from the collection of Jeremiah
Colman, Esq., Gatton Park, Reigate. Mr. Bound, in sending a flower,
remarks that it is a cross between Lelia Jongheana ? and L. flava 3. The
flower is four inches in diameter across the petals, with widely spreading,
comparatively narrow sepals and petals, of pale primrose colour, while the
three-lobed lip is deep yellow, very strongly and regularly crisped, and with
a light yellow margin, but there is’ only a trace of the very characteristic
Jongheana keels on the disc, these being reduced to slightly thickened lines.
The much crisped lip shows the influence of L. Jongheana, as well as the

general shape of the flower, and Mr. Bound remarks that it seems strange a

there should be no trace of the pink Jongheana colour. In the somewhat
elongated scape the influence of L. flava is again seen.

SPaTHOGLOTTIs X Cotmanu.—Flowers of this pretty hybrid, which
received an Award of Merit from the R.H.S. on February 13th, are also
sent from the same collection. Mr. Bound remarks that the parentage is
S. aurea Gatton Park var. x S. x aureo-Vieillardii. It bears a gene
resemblance to the latter, but is at present rather smaller, and the front
lobe of the lip is less broadly spathulate. The ground colour is deeP
yellow, with the sepals slightly and. the petals more deeply spotted with
purple, while the lip is still more marbled with the latter colour.

DENDROBIUM X Bropre1.—This is another pretty hybrid from Mt
Colman’s collection, which received an Award of Merit from the R.H.S. 08
February 13th. Mr. Bound remarks that it is a very distinct and flori-
ferous hybrid, derived from -D. x Wiganiz and D. x Dominianum, and is
named in honour of H. C. Brodie, Esq., the newly-elected M.P. for the
Reigate Division of Surrey. It bears a considerable general resemblance to
D. nobile, and has rosy sepals, petals tipped with the same colour and white
below, and a light yellow lip, tipped with rose, and bearing a pait
smallish maroon eyes in the throat.

ee

See ee

MakCH, 19 THE ORCHID REVIEW. $1

PLEIONE YUNNANENSIS,

A WW vears ag everal Chir

held on Fet

pan of a ¢

from Cl

82 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [Marcu 1906,

1895, and the plants collected were then in flower. Soon afterwards Dr Aa
Henry met with it in the same district, his specimens being from grassy ~
mountains to north of Mengtse, at 5,500 feet elevation, and the colour of
the flowers is given as pink. It is a pretty little plant, having subter-
ranean pseudobulbs, and flowering in advance of the leaves. The scapes
are three to five inches high, and there is a cucullate obtuse bract, tubular
at the base and about an inch long, below the flower, and several basal
sheaths. The flowers, which are represented natural size in the photograph —
by Mr. E. C. Hart, here reproduced, may be described as having magenta —
rose sepals and petals, with a slightly paler lip, on which occur a number of
irregular reddish purple blotches, while the disc. is ornamented with five tall
narrow keels. Both the keels and the margin of the lip are prettily fringed,
though in the lower right-hand flower the keels are only crenulate. This”
also is slightly paler in colour, and the blotches on the lip are clear bright
purple, showing that the species varies somewhat. Its appearance in
tion is very int i R. A. Rovreas

5

SOCIETIES. it
ROYAL HORTICULTURAL. ig
A MEETING of the R.H.S. was held at the Royal Horticultural Hall,
Vincent Square, Westminster, on February 13th, when there was an
altogether exceptional display of Orchids, perhaps partly due to the fact
that it was also the date of the Annual General Meeting. No less that —
twenty-seven Awards were made, not including those of the Diploma com
petition, namely the Lindley Medal, two Gold and eight other Medals, —
three First-class Certificates, twelve Awards of Merit, and one Botanical -
Certificate, while the Scientific Committee also gave a Botanical Certificate
to a Chinese species of Pleione new to cultivation. ,
Major G. L. Holford, CLE. 6.Vi0}; Westonbirt, Tetbury, staged 4 ;
splendid group, which was generally considered to be the finest yet seen in 4
the new Hall. A Gold Medal was awarded, and in recognition of the
excellent culture shown, the Lindley Medal was awarded to Mr. H. G —
Alexander, the Orchid grower at Westonbirt. One can only mention a few a
of the prominent features of such a rich and varied group, which was —
beautifully arranged with palms and foliage plants. Specially noteworthy

bee oa excellent white forms of Lzelia anceps, arranged with pate
of Sophronitis grandiflora j iand,
c. Pertiveliily hori bissatt AEE ro rend tas ap ~ odio

me arina, Cyprip'

x Scipio, C. X aureum in many varieties, C. x Maudie, Lzlio-cattleya *
luminosa, Coelogyne cristata, Masdevallias, and others. A. First-class
Certificate was given to Cymbidium x Lowio-grandiflorum, having veY

Marcu, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 83

large flowers, with green sepals and petals, and the lip cream-white with
reddish-spots. It was raised by Messrs. Veitch, who formerly received an
Award of Merit for it. An Award of Merit was given to Cattleya Triane
Westonbirt var., a beautiful, richly-coloured form.

Jeremiah Colman, Esq., Gatton Park, Reigate (gr. Mr. Bound), was
awarded a Gold Medal for a splendid group, consisting largely of
Dendrobiums, and occupying 700 square feet. It included thirteen distinct
varieties of D. nobile, D. n. Colmanianum being very fine, and one plant
of D. n. album bearing 165 flowers. Other good things were D. x Rubens,
D. X R. Colmanii, D. xX R. Gatton Park variety, D. x Othello, D. x
Ainsworthii Colmanii, D. xX Cybele, a splendid D. Wardianum album,
D. X Schneiderianum, D. X melanodiscus Aurora, D. crassinode album,
D. tortile album, D. X Artemis, and other Dendrobes. With these were
some good hybrid Calanthes and Phaius, Epidendrum xX Boundii, the rare
Arachnanthe Cathcartii, some good white Lelia anceps, L. x Mary
Colman, Spathoglottis x aureo-Vieillardii, Cattleya Triane Purple King,
C. T. alba, Cymbidium grandifl &c. Awards of
Merit were given to Spathoglottis x Solent (aureo-Vieillardii x aurea
Gatton Park var.), having yellow flewers spotted with purple, to
Dendrobium X Othello Colossus, the noble form figured on page 72; and
to D. x Brodiei (Dominianum xX Wiganiz), described at page 80 of our
present issue.

J. Bradshaw, Esq., The Grange, Southgate (gr. Mr. Whitelegge), was
awarded a Silver-gilt Flora Medal for a fine group, containing some good
varieties of Odontoglossum crispum, Cattleya Triane, and Lycaste
Skinneri, in excellent condition, the latter including a good L. x Balliana,
L. Skinneri alba with twenty flowers, the blush-white L. S. Enchantress,
and several other beautiful forms of the species. There was also a fine
plant of L. x Balliz bearing numerous rich crimson flowers.

G. F. Moore, Esq., Chardwar, Bourton-on-the-Water (gr. Mr. Page),
received a Silver Flora Medal for a fine group of Cypripediums, consisting
chiefly of hybrids of C. villosum and C. Boxallii in excellent condition. An
Award of Merit was given to C. X G. F. Moore var. punctatissimum, a
well-shaped flower having the dorsal sepal densely spotted with deep purple.

Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., Burford (gr. Mr. White), staged a pretty
little group, which gained a Silver Banksian Medal. It consisted principally
of Dendrobiums, and included the beautiful yellow D. xX Ophir, D. x
Melp an Da h t D. x Aspasia, two fine D. x Wiganize
xanthochilum, together with the richiy-coloured Cypripedium x Watson-
janum. An Award of Merit was given to the handsome Lelio-cattleya x
Myra Burford var. (C. Triane x L. flava), and a Botanical Certificate to

Maxillaria arachnites.

84 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [Marcn, 1906,

W. M. Appleton, Esq., Weston-super-Mare, showed several interesting
hybrid Cypripediums, an Award of Merit being given to C. x Edithe

Rowena (Chamberlainianum x bellatulum), having the flowers densely E

Spotted with dark purple.
H. S. Goodson, Esq., Putney (gr. Mr. Day), received an Award of
Merit for a fine plant of Lycaste costata bearing eight ivory white flowers.

F. Menteth Ogilvie, Esq., The Shrubbery, Oxford (gr. Mr. Balmforth),
showed Cypripedium insigne Bohnhoffianum, C. x aureum Surprise, the —

handsome Leelio-cattleya x Myra imperialis, and Lycaste Skinneri Fas-

cinator, a very beautiful delicately tinted form which gained an Award of ;

Merit.

Francis Wellesley, Esq., Westfield, Woking (gr. Mr. Hopkins), sent
Cattleya chocoensis Westfield var., Cypripedium x Mons. de Curte, C. X
W. E. Dickson, C. x Miss Marian Sillem, having a pretty white flower
covered with purple spots, and C. Boxallii nigricans, the latter a very dark
form, which received’an Award of Merit.

H. Druce, Esq., The Beeches, Circus Road, St. John’s Wood (gr. Mr.
Walker), showed a small group of Cypripedium villosum and its hybrids.

J. Gurney Fowler, Esq.; Glebelands, S. Woodford (gr. Mr. Davis),
showed three good forms of Cattleya Tri
x Mrs. Wm. Mostyn, C. x
C. X a. Hyeanum.

C. L. N. Ingram, Esq., Elstead (gr. Mr. Bond), showed Cattleya X
tubens and Lelia x canariensis (harpophylla x anceps).

R. I. Measures, Esq., Camberwell (gr. Mr. Smith) showed an interesting
series of cut Cypripediums.

W. Parmenter, Esq., The Limes, Braintree (gr. Mr. Buckland), showed —

a nearly-white form of Lelia Jongheana.
Hele

Cypripedium x Ajax and Lelia anceps Schreederiana.

- G. Thwaites, Esq., The Woodlands, Streatham (gr. Mr. Black), sent :

two forms of Lelio-cattleya x Oriens (L.
described at Page 8o of our
X chessingtonense.

H. Whateley, Esq., Kenilworth, sent some pretty Odontoglossums.

C. K. Wild, Esq., New El
Cattleya amethystoglossa.

Messrs. J. Cypher & Sons, Cheltenh
for a handsome group,
varieties, a splendid Cypri
dition, C..x a, Virginale, C.
varieties, and other Cypripedes,

Cowanii x C. Trianz) a hybrid

am, gained a Silver-gilt Flora Medal

insigne and its varieties, C. x Leeanum
Sophronitis grandiflora, Cattleya Trian®,

ane, C. X Miranda, Cypripedium —
aureum Surprise, C. Xx a. virginale, and —

Pitt, Esq., Rosslyn, Stamford Hill (gr. Mr. Thurgood), sent

present issue, and the rich yellow Dendrobium
tham (gr. Mr. Usher), showed a fine plant of d

containing a beautiful series of Lelia ancep> —
pediuin x aureum Hyeanum in the best of com- —

ee a

Marcu, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 85

Lycaste Skinneri, the rare Odontoglossum preg hinuna and other
Odontoglossums, Ada aurantiaca, Masdevallias, Ph P Den-
drobiums, &c.

Messrs. Sander & Sons, St. Albans, also received a Silver Flora Medal
for an effective group, containing the handsome Cypripedium xX Rajah
{triumphans xX callosum), C. x Pallas (Godefroy X Hooker) having a
purple flower with red spots, Cattleya Triane, Purple King, the rare
Eulophia Saundersiana, a sce flowered Platyclinis valida, the hand-
some Od real x1 isti nobilius and other plants. A First-
class Certificate was given to Cymbidium X Holfordianum (eburneum X
grandiflorum), a beautiful hybrid bearing an inflorescence of four flowers of
intermediate character, the sepals and petals being ivory white, slightly
tinged with emerald green, and the lip cream-coloured with a row of purple
spots at the margin and base.

Messrs. J. and A. A. Macbean, Cooksbridge, staged an effective group,
which received a Silver Banksian Medal. It contained the handsome
scarlet Epiphronitis x Veitchii, Odontoglossum crispum Anak, and other
fine Odontoglossums, and many white Lzlia anceps varieties, also L. a.
Fascinator, a large and richly-coloured flower approaching L. a. Chamber-
lainiana, but with a purplish feather on the petals. It gained an Award
of Merit.

Messrs. Hugh Low & Co., Enfield, also received a Silver Banksian
Medal for a good group, containing many varieties of Cattleya Triane, a
nearly white Vanda Amesiana, Miltonia X Bleuana, Dendrobium crassinode,
D. superbiens with three spikes, D. aureum, and some good Cypripediums,
C. x chrysotoxum having a large yellowish flower with white apex to the
dorsal sepal.

M. Ch. Vuylsteke, Loochristi, Ghent, staged a choice group of hybrid
ie act) which gained a eam Banksian Medal. It included a
good O. x W: Om issi and other fine things of

comparatively recent origin.

M. A. A. Peeters, eh ei sent three forms of the handsome hybrid
Od 1 aa one of which gained a First-class
Garineates f

Messrs. Charlesworth & Co., Bradford, showed four interesting hybrids,
Lelio-cattleya x harpo-aurea, Odontoglossum %X Adriano-triumphans,
O. x Hallio-Adriane, and Cymbidium x eburneo-giganteum, the latter
gaining an Award of Merit. The flowers are large, cream-coloured, and
marked with red-brown on the lip.

Messrs. James Veitch & Sons, Chelsea, exhibited “the pretty little
Sophrolzlia x Valda, and two plants each of S.-l. x Psyche and the hand-
some Sophrocattleya X Saxa.

86 THE ORCHID REVIEW. (Marcu, 1906,

Messrs. Heath & Sons, Cheltenham, showed a few good Cypripediums
and Dendrobiums.

Messrs. Sutton & Sons, Reading, exhibited a pan of a pretty little
Orchid from China, which proves to be Pleione yunnanensis. It is figured
on page 81.

F. W. Moore, Esq., Royal Botanic Gardens, Glasnevin, sent spikes of —
Oncidium pubes, Gongora atropurpurea, and a fine form of Odontoglossum
cirrhosum.

DIPLOMA AWARDS.

The special competition for Diplomas was as follows :—

Cattteya Trian#.—First Diploma to C. T. var. “The Premier,”
shown by J. Bradshaw, Esq. Second Diploma to C. T. Westonbirt var, _
from Major G. L. Holford.

Hysrips oF C. TrrAN#.—No exhibit. :

L&LIA ANCEPs (WHITE).—First Diploma to L. a. Schroederiana, sent by ;
Baron Schréder, J. Colman, Esq., and Major Holford. Second Diploma to —
L. a. Hollidayana, shown by De Barri Crawshay, Esq. f

CYPRIPEDIUMS (SPECIES).—First Diploma to C. Boxallii var. nigricans, |
shown by F. Wellesley, Esq. ;

CyPRIPEDIUMS (HYBRIDS).— First Diploma to C. xX aureum virginale, —
from J. G. Fowler, Esq., and G. F. Moore, Esq. Second Diploma to —
C. x Mrs. Wm. Mostyn, from G. F. Moore, Esq., and J. G. Fowler, Esq

The Society’s paintings bearing on the subjects were also shown, and
made a fine display.

The following notes relating to Orchids appear in the report of the —
Scientific Committee of the same meeting :—
Mr. A. Sutton, F.L.S

+» Showed specimens of a species of Pleione,
P. yunnanensis (Rolfe),

which had been sent to them by a missionary from
China, and had been grown on by them. The greater number of species of :
this genus are native in the mountains of India, but this came from further —
to the north-west, and was taller than the majority of the Indian species. oF
the motion of Dr. MASTERS, seconded by Mr. Druery, a Botanical —
Certificate was unanimously awarded to this plant. [In some of the :
reports the plant is called “ P, Pogonioides,” to which species it was at a
meeting doubtfully, and from memory, referred.—Ep.” : ;
Orchids with Spots on Leaves, &c.—K. F. Crark, Esq., of Chamonl%
Teignmouth, sent parts of Orchids, chiefly Cattleyas, which were spotted 5
and deformed in growth. While fungi were certainly present in some © 4
the spots, it was thought that the primary cause of the trouble lay not S? —
much with the fungus as with a too wet compost and lack of air to thé
Toots, and possibly a too damp atmosphere. :

Marcu, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 87

MANCHESTER AND NORTH OF ENGLAND ORCHID.
A MEETING of this Society was held at the Coal Exchange, Manchester, on
February 8th last, when there was a very good display of Orchids, and
the awards included five First-class Certificates and six Awards of Merit.

S. Gratrix, Esq., Whalley Range (gr. Mr. Cypher), received an Award
of Merit for Cypripedium x The Duchess, and First-class Certificates for
C. X Mrs. Mostyn Chardwar var. and C. X chrysotoxum var. Victor.

G. W. Law-Schofield, Esq., Rawtenstall (gr. Mr. Shill), received a
First-class Certificate for Cypripedium X Mrs. Mostyn Chardwar var., and
an Award of Merit for C. X Charles Turner.

J. H. Craven, Esq., Keighley, Yorks. (gr. Mr. Corney), received a
First-class Certificate for Cattleya Trianee Lady Brunner.

E. Rogerson, Esq., Didsbury (gr. Mr. Price), received a Vote of Thanks
for an interesting group, and Awards of Merit for Cypripedium x Roger-
sonianum and C. X aureum var. Mrs. E. Rogerson.

A. Warburton, Esq., Haslingden (gr. Mr. Raven), received an Award of
Merit for ‘‘ Cypripedium x Adrastus superbum Vine House var.”

S. Briggs-Bury, Esq., Accrington (gr. Mr. Wilkinson), staged an inter-
esting group, to which a Vote of Thanks was accorded.

Messrs. James Cypher & Sons, Cheltenham, staged a very beautiful
group, which received a Silver Medal, an Award of Merit going to a pretty
hybrid derived from Cypripedium insigne Chantinii x C. Godefroye
leucochilum.

Messrs. Hugh Low & Co., Enfield, received a First-class Certificate
for C. X chrysotoxum var. Victor.

Messrs. J. Cowan & Co., Gateacre, and Messrs. Heath and Sons,
Cheltenham, were accorded Votes of Thanks for interesting groups.

At the meeting held on February 22nd there was again a good dis-
play, the awards on this occasion including five medals, two First-class
Certificates, and two Awards of Merit. wi?

R. Le Doux, Esq., West Derby (gr. Mr. Davenport), exhibited a
fine group, containing some well-grown Lycastes, which received a Silver
Medal. } f
G. W. Law-Schofield, Esq., Rawtenstall (gr. Mr. Schill), received a
First-class Certificate for Cypripedium X Euryades var. magnificum, and
Awards of Merit for C. villosum x C. insigne Sandere and C. X Beatrice
Leake. ‘ :

J. Leemann, Esq., Heaton Mersey (gr. Mr. Smith), received a First-class
Certificate for C. x Amy Leemann. 3
Philip Smith, Esq., Ashton-on-Mersey, received a Bronze Medal for a

small collection of choice plants.

=|
4

88 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [Marci 1906,
W. Thompson, Esq., Stone (gr. Mr. Stevens), also received a Bronze
Medal for a small choice collection. ‘
Messrs. J. Cowan & Co., Gateacre, received a Silver Medal for a good —
group.
Messrs. J. Cypher & Sons, Cheltenham, also received a Silver Medal
for a good display of plants.

Mr. S. Allen and Mr. D. McLeod were accorded Votes of Thanks for
interesting groups.

ee

ODONTOGLOSSUM GRANDE.
Mr. C. W. FINDLow, gardener to A. J. Oakshott, Esq., J.P., Oaklands,
Lower Bebington, Birkenhead, contributes an interesting note to a recent
issue of the Journal of Horticulture respecting his method of treatment of
Odontoglossum grande :—“ During the growing season,” he says, “Wem
place them at the warmest end of the intermediate house, and I find
occasional doses of weak manure water are beneficial, also damping
amongst the pots with soot water. We leave them here until the flowers ~
begin to expand, then remove them to the warmest end of the cool house
where they flower well. Here they remain during the resting period, keep-
ing them on the dry side, never allowing them to get dust dry when growth
is well started. Move them back to the Intermediate house again. They
improve here each year. We have plenty of bulbs 7in. and Sin. in circum:
ference, and have had nine flowers on one spike.” The treatment appeals
to be highly successful, for one plant is mentioned as being in a 103 inch

pan, carrying forty-eight fully-developed blooms, some being five t0 six
inches across.

ORCHIDS: THEN AND NOW.
Many years ago the Saturday Review, in a brilliant article on Orchids,
declared that there was one great advantage about them, and that was that
they could never be hybridised, and my old friend, Mr. James Batema™
the father of the cool system of growing Orchids, once told me, with much
emphasis, that no hybrid monstrosity should ever enter his Orchid house
What would these authorities Say now?

Allow me to congratulate you on the yearly increase of interest and
value in the contents of the Orchid Review, and especially in the evidence
there being stored as to the best materials and methods of growin
Orchids, which makes one believe that these good-natured plants a
be happy in almost any kind of compost, and under opposite syste™§
treatment. C. B.-Lucie-SMITH:

The Acacias, Worthing.

Marcu, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 89

PAPHIOPEDILUM x STATTERIANUM.
WE are now able to give a figure of the handsome Paphiopedilum x
Statterianum, whose history was given at page 68 of our last volume. It
is reproduced from a painting kindly sent by Francis Wellesley, Esq.,
Westfield, Woking. Its parentage is P. Spicerianum ¢ and P. xX
vexillarium ¢g, and it may be remarked that it is most like the former in
shape but the latter in colour. The markings on the staminode and dorsal
sepal are rich purple, the latter having a deep purple band up the centre, a

Fig. 11, PAPHIOPEDILUM X STATTERIANUM.

green basal area, and a white margin. The petals are dull purple with a
green base, and the lip is suffused with dull purple in front. The foliage
is prettily tessellated. It is a very beautiful hybrid, as may be judged from
the fact that it gained a First-class Certificate from the R.HLS. in October
1893, when exhibited by T. Statter, Esq., after whom it was named.

90 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [Mancu, 1906

ORCHIDS IN SEASON.

SEVERAL handsome Orchids are sent from the collection of G. Singer,
Esq., Coundon Court, Coventry. Paphiopedilum x Mrs. William Mostyn, —
Chardwar var., is a fine thing, having a great deal of the villosum shape and
shaggy ovary, but the colour nearer that of P. Boxallii atratum, though —
rather lighter in colour. P. xX Minos d pproaches the:
Leeanum type of flower, and has the lower part of the petals and dorsal
sepal profusely spotted with purple-brown, a few of the lower spots on the
sepal being larger than usual. P. X aureum Hyeanum is a large unspotted
form with a light purple suffusion, while P. x a. CEdippe has the greater
part of the dorsal sepal purple, the margin white, and the petals green,
densely spotted with dusky brown. P. X Olivia has now greatly improved
in size, and is a beautiful white flower, suffused with light purple, and
slightly spotted on the petals, thus showing a large amount of the niveum —
character. The flowers are all very finely developed, and afford evidence q
of excellent culture. Lastly must be mentioned the beautiful P. X G
Singer, raised by Messrs. Hugh Low & Co. from P. X conco-bellatulum —
and P. insigne Sander. The flower has retained most of the shape of the
first-named parent, while the ground colour is soft greenish yellow, shading
off to white at the apex, and prettily dotted with purple, this character also
extending to the petals. g

A very fine form of Cattleya Triane is sent from the collection of Mrs.
Fielden, Grinston Park, Tadcaster, by Mr. Clayton. The sepals and petals
are bright rosy lilac, the latter being over 2} inches broad, and the front
lobe of the lip crimson purple with the throat deep yellow.

A good flower of the beautiful Paphiopedilum x aureum is sent from

Hopkins. The colour is a pleasing shade of greenish yellow. A flower of
P. Boxallii nigrum is also sent, the flower being of moderate size,
greater part of the dorsal sepal blackish purple. ¥
_ A beautiful series is sent from the collection of Major Holford, Weston —
birt, by Mr. Alexander. It contains three beautiful yellow Dendrobiums, xa
Ophir, x Melpomene, and X Wiganiz xanthochilum, the formel
distinguished by some dull crimson pencilling near the base, and the others
by having a large maroon blotch on the disc; the last-named, however has
a larger flower and more undulate petals. There is also an inflorescent
of the beautiful D. x Schneiderianum, two fine flowers of Sophron
grandiflora, Cybidium x eburneo-gigantum, the fine C. x LY
gtandiflorum, and Lélio-cattleya x Myra Charlesworth’s var., the richly-
— ne iv ne x And i X Westonbirt var., and for
beautiful Paphiopedilums. P. concolor Sandere is a charming bright

Marcu, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. gr

yellow form, very regularly spotted with brown on the petals and dorsal
sepal. P. X Scipio isa fine hybrid, showing strains of P. insigne in the
dorsal sepal and of P. villosum in the lip petals and hairy ovary. P. x
aureum Hyeanum is a very large, yellowish-green flower, with some brown
suffusion on the petals and lip, and the greater part of the dorsal sepal
white, while P. x a. CEdippe differs in having a large amount of purple on
the dorsal sepal, and many minute dusky dots on the petals.

Several beautiful flowers are sent from the collection of E. Rogerson,
Esq., Didsbury, by Mr. Price, including a light form of Dendrobium x
Cybele, from D. nobile albiflorum x Findlayanum, one of D. xX euosmum
(D. n. Amesiz X endocharis) with a light maroon disc on the lip, a seedling
form of D. nobile, Paphiopedilum x aureum Rogersonianum, having the
basal area of the dorsal sepal greenish, slightly tinged with purple, and a
narrow purple median band, and P. xX Rogersonianum, a P. Chamber-
lainianum hybrid, of which the second parent is unknown. The basal half
of the dorsal sepal is deep purple and the upper part lined with the same,
while the petals are also copiously spotted with purple. The two latter
received Awards of Merit at Manchester on February 8th last.

Another interesting lot is sent from the collection of H. T. Pitt, Esq.,
Rosslyn, Stamford Hill, by Mr. Thurgood, these including a very fine
flower of the richly-coloured Lycaste Xx Ballie superba, the beautiful
Chondrorhyncha Chestertoni, a Paphiopedilum marked “exul x Calypso”
which seems too much like the former, Dendrobium x melanodi and
the chaste D. Wardianum albens, the rare D. X Roeblingianum, Eulophia
vicens, Angreecum Leonis, and an inflorescense of Platyclinis uncata from
a plant bearing 67 racemes.

Lastly must be mentioned a beautiful series from the collection of
Reginald Young, Esq., Sefton Park, Liverpool (gr. Mr. Poyntz). P. x
Kubele is the interesting hybrid in which no less than five species are
combined. P. barbatum, villosum, insigne, philippinense and superbiens

‘as described at page 271 of our ninth volume. It is a fine flower witha

broad striped and spotted dorsal sepal, and broad acute petals, suffused with
purple-brown and spotted at the base. A form of P. X Oakes Ames, raised
in the collection from P. Rothschildianum ? and P. ciliolare 3, has a twin-
flowered scape, and the flowers are intermediate in character and very hand-
some. The seeds were sown in April, 1896. P. x Lachesis was derived
from P. x Crossianum ? and P. X marmorphyllum ¢ , and its appearance led
to some very curious speculations (O.R., iv., pp. 104, 105) which are not yet
cleared up. A form of P. x Colonel Marchand has also been raised in the
collection from P. x superciliare ornatum ¢ and P. concolor Regnieri 3.
It is a pretty little hybrid, having flowers most like the pollen parent in
shape, and both the dorsal sepal and petals are closely lined with rows of

92 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [Maxcu, 1906

purple dots on a yellowish ground. The remaining flowers are a very fine”
P. X aureum virginale, P. X Olivia, P. x Helen II., in which the dorsal. a
sepal is very regularly spotted with purple on a white ground, and two
diverse forms of P. x Valletii, in which the ch ters of P. x L r

and P. Boxallii are combined. We should like to add that Mr. Young's”
records are kept with the most praiseworthy accuracy, and it is always a

pleasure to work under such conditions.
PAPHIOPEDILUM MASTERSIANUM.

Tue habitat of this handsome species has hitherto been mysterious.
Messrs. Veitch remark :—‘‘ We find nothing recorded of the habitat of this.
very distinct Cypripede beyond the statement that it is of Sondaic origin,
and, although Prof. Reichenbach adds that he was indebted to us for the
materials for description, the plant was not imported by us, but was received —
from the Royal Gardens at Kew” (Veitch Man. Orch., iv., p- 39)- Mr. Day
painted it as Messrs. Veitch’s in 1885 (Coll. Draw., xlv., t. 5), and remarked
that Reichenbach’s description was prepared from a flower from the self-
same plant, which was the only one in Europe, adding :—‘ I am told that”
Messrs. Veitch received it from Kew, and that it came from Java.” A 4
subsequent note adds that “in June there were two plants of this in flower
at Mr. W. Bull’s, of which I bought one.” Twelve years ago the species
was figured in this work from a rather poor flower, the only one then |
accessible (O.R., ii., p. 17, fig. 4), where the remark occurs:—‘‘ It is DOW
known to be a native of Java, from whence Messrs. Hugh Low & Co- haved
imported it.” In the face of these records I was somewhat puzzled not t0
find any mention of the species in the recently published ‘ Orchideen von
Java,” by J. J. Smith (FI. von Buitenz., vol. vi.). Hallier, it is true,
1897, had briefly mentioned the plant as a native of Amboina (Ann. Jari
Bot. Buitenz., xiv., p. 36), but I had overlooked the record until repeated by.
Pfitzer. Now it is confirmed. In an interesting paper entitled Die Orchideat
ie Ambon, recently published by Mr. Smith, I find three Amboina recor”
pies (p- 7), as follows :—* Salhoetoe (Teysmann), Toena (Teysmanm
Micholitz), and Hoetoe Moretoe (J. J. Smith).” We may therefore con
clude that the original record was erroneous. It would be rather interes!

it. I wish I had come across a
hunting for ferns on Mt. Geder,
paid the expenses of my trip then, Japan included,” R.

R. A. &

Marcu, 1G06.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 93

ORCHID CULTURE IN JAVA.

ORCHID-GROWING seems to be a world-wide occupation. We have received
along and interesting letter from Mr. E. Connell, manager of a coffee, tea,
and cinchona estate at Loemadjang, East Java, who grows a large collec-
tion of native Orchids, as well as some South American species, which he
is trying to establish. He remarks:—‘‘I have a few Odontoglossums,
Lelias, Cattleyas, Oncidiums, Lycastes, all growing in the open. I am
experimenting with these South American roots, growing some on blocks,
and tying the blocks to a tree where the plant has to stand the heavy
monsoon rains now on, though sheltered from direct downpour and sun.
They show signs of making new growths, so I am hopeful of acclimatising
them. My elevation is 2,700 feet above sea level, and temperature varies
from 57° to 81° F. All my Orchids are growing under living shade, which
I grow specially for the purpose, bringing those that bloom into the
verandah, and I keep a list of the varieties that bloom monthly. Perhaps
it would be of interest to you if I wrote you an account of the modus operandi
employed on my Orchid farm, and the materials and methods I employ to
keep about 8,000 plants growing, scattered about all over my garden, with
the aid of one Javanese so-called gardener.” We hope to receive the
promised account, and feel sure it will be read with interest by many who,
unlike Mr. Connell, have to manufacture a climate before attempting the
culture of these beautiful plants.

AN EARLY ORCHIS.
Ir is rather surprising to find an Orchis flowering in Norfolk, in the open
air, as early as the end of February, but Dr. Gunther has brought to Kew a
fine inflorescence of Orchis longibracteata, bearing eighteen expanded
flowers, with such a history. The bulb was brought from the Riviera some
time ago. On looking the matter up I find that Barla, who figures the
species under the name of Barlia longibracteata, Parl. (Ic. Orch. Alpes-
marit, p. 39, t. 25), gives the time of flowering in its native home as
January to March. Lindley, who figured the plant in 1819 (Bot. Reg.,
t. 357), calls it the Winter Orchid of Sicily, and remarks that Mr. Swainson,
of Liverpool, who introduced it to cultivation, observed that in its native
home it is the first that flowers among the many little-known species found
in Sicily, generally opening its blossoms in the beginning of February, the
depth of a Mediterranean winter. The plant is also known under Reichen-
bach’s name of Aceras longibracteata. The plant may be briefly described
as a stout Orchis, about a foot high, with a spike of large flowers, having
green sepals and petals, spotted with brown on the lateral sepals, and a
four lobed lip, of a peculiar shade of lilac-blue, becoming dull purple-blue

94 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [ Manctt, 1906, i

towards the apex. Its separation from Orchis is due to some slight differ
ences in the structure of the pollinia. The species is widely diffused in the
Mediterranean region, from Cyprus to the Canary Islands, and is also found £
in North Africa.
R. A. RoLre
VARIATION OF LAELIA ANCEPS SANDERIANA.
Ir is now possible to record another case of variation similar to that
observed by Mr. Bound two years ago (0. R., xii. p. 78). A white formof
Lelia anceps in the collection of Miss Sinnock, Downford, Hailsham, —
Sussex, has produced a scape of four flowers, two of which have a slight
purple patch on the front lobe of the lip, while in the other two the whole
of the lobe is pure white, these latter corresponding fairly well to L.
Stella. Miss Sinnock remarks that a similar plant had last year quite”
white blooms, but this year each of the flowers has a purple blotch on the
lip and they are also distinctly larger than before.

CALANTHE x VEITCHII SPORT.
Mr. W. Swan writes to the Gardener’s Chronicle (1906, i. p. 14) to say that
“at a meeting of the Egham and District Gardeners’ Mutual Improvement
Association, a plant of Calanthe x Veitchii was exhibited that in a very
important particular had diverged from the normal habit of this plant. The
specimen grew from just one pseudobulb, that had, early in spring, been
put into a five inch pot. This had made two growths, which had
developed into pseudobulbs of large size, each one carrying a flower spike
of about three feet in length. The pecu
while one spike bore flowers of the usual rosy pink colour, the other spike
had flowers of a very pale flesh colour. The contrast between the two
spikes was great, and the novelty was much admired by the large company

present. The plant was exhibited by Mr. W. Wilkins, Park House
Gardens, Englefield Green.”

liarity of this, however, was that

NOTES.
Two meetings of the R.H.S. will be held at the Royal Horticultural Hall,
Vincent Square, Westminster, during March, on the 6th and zoth, when the
Orchid Committee will meet at the usual hour,
subjects chosen for the special competition on th
Dendrobiums aureum and nobil
and Lycaste hybrids.

twelve o'clock noon. The
ese dates are :—March 6th,
e with their hybrids ; March 2oth, Lycast®

The next meeting of the Manchester and North of England Orchid

Marcu, 190%] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 95

Society will be held at the Coal Exchange, Manchester, on March 22nd.
The Committee meets at noon, and the exhibits are open to inspection
from I to 3 p.m.

A flower of the handsome Dendrobium X Othello Colossus, which
received an Award of Merit from the R.H.S. on February 13th, is sent from
the collection of Jeremiah Colman, Esq., Gatton Park, Reigate, by Mr.
Bound. It is of excellent shape, and all the segments are very broad, and
suffused with rose, except on the lower halves of the petals, and round the
very large maroon disc of the oor which parts a are white. A flower of the
handsome Cymbidium grandi is also sent. Mr.
Bound remarks that he never has trouble with the flowers of this species
going off, and he attributes his success to giving the coolest possible treat-
ment, combined with keeping the plants well up to the glass during the
winter, so as to obtain the maximum amount of light while the spikes are

developing.

With respect to the article on Od 1 latychil which
appeared at page 61, it is interesting to find that Shiars: Sander received
an importation some time ago, and that two plants of it are in the Kew
collectior. This removes it from the ranks of lost species, and we hope to
see flowers of it again before long.

A recent issue of Die Gartenwelt gives a figure of a fine lot of Lelia
anceps in the establishment of Mr. C. Stoldt, Wansbeck-Marienthal,
Germany (pp. 235-236).

Indian Gardening, for Uigiesd pee &- 29), calls attention to the
as a wild plant, and

reported occurrence of Cyprip
makes some deductions as to its Sle occurrence somewhere with C.
insigne. It is an old report, which appeared in our pages long ago, but
we could never get any confirmation, and fear that there is nothing

in the story.

ORCHID PORTRAITS.

ANGRECUM SESQUIPEDALE.—Gard. Mag., 1906, p. 95, with fig.

CATASETUM X SPLENDENS PUNCTATISSIMUM.—Garden, 1906, i., p. 88,
with fig.

CaTTLEYA BowriNnGIANa.—Gard. Chron., 1906, i., p. 114, fig. 45.

Cymepipium xX HoLrorpIANuM.—Gard. Mag., 1906, p. 130, with fig.

CypripEpIUM X ALCIBIADES MAGNIFICUM.—Gard. Alb., 1906, p. 28,
with fig.

CypPRIPEDIUM CAUDATUM.—Journ. Hort., 1906, i., p. 90, with fig.

96 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [MAancH, 1906,

CypripepiuM X THALIA var., Mrs. FRANCIS WELLESLEY.—Gard. Mage k
1906, p. 84, with fig.: Journ. Hort., 1906, i., p. 111, with fig.

CypRIPEDIUM X VILLE DE Gitte setae. World, 1906, p. 99, with fig.

DENDROBIUM PHAL&NOPSIS VAR. LouIsA DEANE.—Journ. Hort., 1906,
i., p. go, with fig.

Evopuia NupA, LinpL.—Bot. Mag.,-t. 8057.

HABENARIA PROCERA, Lindl.—Gartenwelt, X p. 246, with fig.

L#L10-cATTLEYA X HELENA WESTFIELD VAR.—Gard. World, 1906, p.
129, with fig.

LisTROSTACHYS PELLUCIDA, Rchb., f.-Rev. Hort. Belge., 1906, p- 3
fig. q
Dots VEXILLARIA VAR. EMPRESS AUGUSTA VICTORIA.—Gard. Choy 7
1906, i., p. 114, with suppl. plate. 4

OpoNTOGLOSSUM, X ARDENTISSIMUM VAR. THEODORA—Gard. Alby
1906, p. 27, with Ge

PHAIUS TUBERCULOSUS SUPERBUS.—Journ. Hort., 1906, i., P+ 1559 ~
with fig.

PHAL&NopSIS SCHILLERIANA.—Journ. Hort., 1906, i., p. 133, with fig.

POLYSTACHYA AFFINIS, Lindl.—Rev. Hort. Belge., 1906, p- 49 fig. 13+

Porysracuya Laurentu, De Wild.—Rev.' Hort. Belge., 1906, P- 39
fig. 32. 4
PoLysTAacHYA MysTacipioIDEs, De Wild.—Rev. Hort. Belge., 1906
p- 41, fig. 14. .

CORRESPONDENCE.

( Correspondents not answered here may find replies to their queries on other pages, and in some —
eases, for various reasons, they may have to stand over for a future issue. In the case of hyve”
seedlings sent for name, the parentage and history should always be briefly stated, for without thest
details we are not always able to deal with them satisfactorily.) q

etna? H:_ A good round form of Odontog! X loochri a natural hy
tween 0. crispum and O. _triumphans, whi ich has Si acer appeared. a fate y
among importations of O. crispum from a locality where the two species grow together.

J.C. Oncidium maculatum, Lindl. ; Brassia c: . Josely a
3 audata, Lindl., or a very closely
species ; a small form of Tasaivold nodosa, Lindl., piobiia Stachyobiorum, Hemsl.

F.W.T. Oncidium sphacelatum —
and an E but 5 ee
certain from a single flower and without any eigen co

ERRATUM.

The figure of Od l Tarn ieee . Wd be
marked fig. 7 (not 6) ~ ae var. exquisition at page 57 show :

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HYBRID ORCHID
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Subscriptions for 1906 are now due.

Vou XIV.) APRIL, 1906, {No. 160.

THE

ORCHID REVIEW:

Bn Fllustrated Monthly Journal of Orchidology.

Contents,

PAGE | Pace
Calendar of Operations for April... + 114 | Odontoglossum x Stewartianum (fig. 14) 120
Correspondence 128 | Od een in leaf-compost... » 1g
plceyme cristata, unusual flowering Ofte 48 | Orchid I é wes 182
Hybri + 118 | Orchid Porta alts... é vis eve 187
Ag eae x heatonensis ae «+» 118 | Orchids oe : $ tor
re Paes x Elaine ie es 118 | Orchi tb 4 in season 126
Hybrid Ore 9¢ Paphiopedilum hirsutissimum fig. 12) 103, 105
Lelio-cattle ia: x Gottoiana var Gilbertii 1 19 | Paphiopedilum Mastersianum _... ee"
Mendelian Laws of Sei 2 oo 97 | Pz porhneeste x Princess (fig. 13) oe tts
Nomenclature of Hybrid #5 i. fas societies be 200

esses aes me) dS ope 1 | Ma anchester and “North — of "England
Obitu: 3 ae vee) de Orchid oat see Mao
Royal Horticultural . on s+ 106

Odontogossin crispum * heliotropium

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{
For full particulars and illustrations of this remarkable Herbaceous Plant, and Cultural N&@
see the issue of ‘‘ The Gardener’s Chronicle,” for October 1, 1904,

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te
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RE-INTRODUCTION OF THE MARVELLOUS

CATTLEYA LAWRENCEANA

The Finest of all Cattle

and the It has not been imported
- aes nok bee ee
most difficult Orchid to collect. e for the last {6 years. .

I also offer imported :—
Zygopetalumrostratum. Zygopetalum Burk ai. _Cypripsdium Lindleyanum.
THEODORE PAUWELS,

ORCHID VILLA NURSERY, MEIRELBEKE STATION, Near GHENT (BELGIUM).

Telegraphic Address ND\. MEIRELBEK

LATH
ROLLER BLINDS

Are indispensable for the successful culture of Orchids

WALTERS & CO.,

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ARMSTRONG & BROWN,

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AND GROWEFS.

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“* ORCHIDHURST,”
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Buy First Hand; buy from the Raiser.
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INSPECTION INVITED.

0 10
5 three very fine
; ; ? plants, 3 and 4 fie
ORCHID PANS of superior quality, Hibs Few dozen ves fine sects Se a a 9 inch
: aves, 4,6, 8to 10 inch, Some 4 and 6 leaved 8 to ®
ORCHID PANS for suspending. Gases per plant only. 200 small established Plan
ORCHID PANS with perforated sides. leaves 3 to 4 inches, per hundred, 125/- wut 1,000 ee
SEEDLING POTS, all sizes in stock from offer altogether, Prices on application, or will exchange
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Growers.
THREE SILVER MEDAL: R.H.S. awarded
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3: WaMPL BN ae nreps REE ee Alocasia, Sauseviera, Chrysoglossum nebulosym

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West Java Orchids, Vandas, Aerides, Sac colabium, Cxlogh
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HAMMERSMITH, w. ALAS BEZOCKIE, LoEMADJANG, JAY!’

|
|
|

THE-ORGH ID REVIEW:

Vot. XIV.] APRIL, 1906. {No. 160.

THE MENDELIAN “LAWS” OF INHERITANCE.

THE meeting of the Scientific Committee on March 2oth was devoted to
an exposition of the Mendelian Theory of Inheritance, by Mr. C. C. Hurst,
F. L. S., and was held in the Council Room, numerous Fellows interested
in the subject being also present.

Mr. Hurst alluded to the experiments of Mendel in hybridising peas,
when it was observed that of two given characters in the parent one was
dominant over the other in the hybrid. Thus he crossed peas having
round and wrinkled seeds, yellow and green cotyledons, purple and white
flowers, tall and dwarf stems, inflated and constricted pods, green and
yellow pods, axial and terminal flowers, and found the first-named character
dominant over the other, which latter he called recessive. This was
termed the “ Law af Dominance,’ and Mr. Hurst remarked that in
numerous characters in plants and animals he had found it to hold
good ; in Orchids, amongst others, sap-coloured being dominant over white
flowers, and spotted over striped.

When the hybrids were self-fertilised Mendel found that segregation
or splitting of the characters took place, in the ratio of three dominants to
one recessive, thus the hybrids between yellow and green peas when self-
fertilised gave on the average 75 per cent. yellow and 25 per cent. green,
both types often appearing in the same pod. This was termed the “* Law
of Segregation,” and Mr. Hurst had also confirmed this in his experiments
with plants and animals, the recessive character after “‘ skipping a genera-
tion” reappearing apparently unchanged.

In the third generation Mendel found that the extracted recessives bred
true, without reversion to their dominant ancestors, e.g., the green peas
extracted from the yellow-green hybrids bred true greens, with no trace
of yellow. The yellow dominants were tested in the same way, and in the
second generation two types of yellow were found, one that bred true, and
one that retained the hybrid characters, and these were in the ratio of one
to two. These were termed respectively pure dominants and hybrid
a

The were continued to the seventh generation,

P
97

98 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [ApRIL, 1906.

and it was found that while the recessives and pure dominants each bred
true, the hybrid dominants segregated again into one recessive and three
dominants, one of the latter again being pure while two remained hybrid.
This was termed the “ Law of Purity,” and Mr. Hurst had also found in his
experiments with plants and animals that the extracted recessives bred true,
with no trace of the dominant ancestors.

THE MENDELIAN THEORY.

Mendel did not offer any explanation of the facts of dominance, nor has
any satisfactory one yet been propounded. He, however, put forward a
simple theory, namely the segregation of the gametes or germ-cells of the
hybrid, so that on the average one-half of the gametes carry the dominant
character and one-half the recessive; no gamete carrying both. This is
known as the theory of gametic segregation or gametic purity. Thus the
union of two gametes carrying the recessive character would result in a
pure recessive, and the union of two carrying the dominant character would
result in a pure dominant, while the union of dominant with recessive, oF
the reverse, would again result in hybrids, in which, however, the recessive
character would be masked, and thus they would appear dominants. These
are therefore terméd “ Hybrid Dominants.” On the law of averages, each
kind of union will occur with equal frequency, hence the result of twenty
five per cent. pure dominants, fifty per cent. hybrid dominants, and twenty-
five per cent. pure recessives, which is in close agreement with the results
obtained by Mendel. The above explanation deals with a single character
only,

character, the actual problem is one of great complexity.

As to the practical application of the Mendelian laws, Mr. Hurst con- —

siders that when the points desired by the breeder coincide with the
Mendelian characters a knowledge of these laws will enable him to get what
he wants in the shortest possible time, as recessives breed true at sight,
though several dominants might have to be bred from before the pure
dominant was found. But if the desired point combined several Mendelian

characters a much larger number of individuals will be required to secure
the pure form, but once found it will breed true at once. Thus the breedet ;

must rely on the assistance of the Mendelian experimenter.

The facts of dominance show that the outward appearance of an

individual is often no guide at all to a know

i ledge of its breeding potentiali-
ties,

t and that a knowledge of its gametic constitution is the only guide t0
its heredity, and this can only be secured by Mendelian analysis.

The result of recent experiments show that the law of dominance 5
apparently not universal, for in some cases the hybrid dominants do not
minant parent, there being some traces of the q

being i plet In other cases the

exactly resemble the pure do
recessive character, the domi

but as the gamete or germ-cell may contain more than a single —

APRIL, 1906.| THE ORCHID REVIEW. 99

hybrid appears to be intermediate, and in a few cases the hybrid is different
from either parent, and perhaps a reversion. These exceptional cases
have not yet been fully worked out.

Mr. Hurst illustrated his lecture with examples of peas, palm and fern
leaved Primulas, two remarkably diverse forms of Paphiopedilum x Hera,
with some photographs (See O.R. xi., pp. 71-73), and some illustrations
drawn from the animal kingdom. An interesting discussion followed.

SARS eels
HYBRID ORCHIDS.

A LECTURE on Hybrid Orchids, by Mr. Norman C. Cookson, was
announced as the subject for the meeting of the Horticultural Club, held
at the Hotel Windsor on March 2oth. Sir John T. D. Llewelyn presided,
and there were forty-five present, including a number of guests from the
R.H.S. Orchid Committee and other Orchidists. After dinner, Mr. H. J.
Chapman, Mr. Cookson’s able gardener, exhibited an instructive series of
about 150 lantern slides of hybrid Orchids and their parents, with a
number of choice varieties. They consisted of photographs taken by Mr.
Chapman, and then hand-coloured with aniline dyes, giving a most
tealistic effect, the most perfect, probably being a large specimen plant of
Dendrobium Falconeri, crowded with flowers, in which the effect of light
and shade, enhanced by its natural colours, was most realistic. Some of
the Od gl Cypripedi Phaius, forms of Lelia anceps, and
others, were also rematGubly good. In some cases flowers of the parents
appeared on the same slide as the hybrid,—the most notable being that of
the remarkable Odontioda X Vuylstekez with its parents—in others they
were separate, when the parents were first shown and then the resulting
hybrid. The series included Phaius simulans, P. Sanderianus, with the
resulting hybrid P. x Norman, these, with forms abe Pi x Chapmanii, si
greatly admired. The app of Cypripedi i which,
its natural colours, elicited a round of Siiclinibs was followed by *
Spicerianum, with their hybrid C. xX Niobe, and the secondary hybrid
C. X Norma. Then came C. callosum and C. X Juno, one of the best
Fairrieanum hybrids yet raised. Some interesting Cattleyas and Lzelio-
cattleyas followed, with Dendrobi Od gl x Wilckeanum, x
Rolfez, fine forms of crispum, including O. c. Harold, with very broad
segments, making the flowers eee as —— as a penny” tinsel Mr.
Chapman considered to be his best p g Ph
Cymbidiums, Calanthes, and athens: wade in Mr. Cookson’s Orchid
houses, and particularly a very fine group of Odontoglossums were also
much admired.

In the discussion which followed, Mr. Cookson alluded to some of the

100

THE ORCHID REVIEW. [APRIL, 1906.

curiosities of hybridisation, and remarked that he had found it impossible
to cross large and small flowers together, unless the larger was made the
pollen parent. As examples, he mentioned certain Cattleyas and Lalias

PRASash
with Sop

gl with Cochlioda. He had

come to the conclusion that the smaller grains of pollen from the smaller
flowers were not capable of producing tubes sufficiently long to reach the
ovule of the larger flower, and were therefore ineffective.

Mr. R. A. Rolfe, of Kew, remarked that there was something in the
suggestion, for Mr. Charlesworth, of Bradford, had told him that when
Cattleyas were fertilised with Sophronitis grandiflora the fertile seeds were
always near the apex of the capsule, and when visiting the nursery he

demonstrated the fact.

Taking a mature capsule that had been so crossed,

he divided it longitudinally, showing the contents at the base to be white,
and those near the apex brown, the dividing line being well marked. At
this point the capsule was cut transversely, and all the good seeds were
found to be in the upper half. The pollen tubes had not reached the ovules
in the basal half, in fact the different colour marked their limit. In the
case of Brassavola Digbyana—and, by the way, its long beak, proved it to

be a true Brassavola,

not a Lelia—it was said that if this species were

used as the seed parent the good seeds were usually found near the apex of
the capsule, and thus the limiting influence of the long beak was apparent.
But a notable exception to the theory occurred to him, for in the
hybrids between Epidendrum radicans and larger - flowered _ species

the Epidendrum was

him that it had been found impossible to get capsules on Epidendrum ~

used as the pollen parent, and Mr. Seden had told

radicans unless the pollen of another Epidendrum was used; the
pollen of the larger species invariably proved impotent. It recalled
the case of Mirabilis jalapa which was readily crossed with the
pollen of M. longiflora, but the reverse cross would not take, as Kélreuter
had proved by making the cross, if the speaker remembered rightly,
some hundreds of times. M. longiflora had the longer style, which might
be the reason for the peculiarity. But other difficulties might regulate the
limits of crossing. The pollen tubes might sometimes be too short, oF
they might be too large to penetrate the micropyle of the ovule. And they

might develop too quickly or too slowly. An Orchid differed from most

other flowers in the fact that the ovules were not developed at the moment
of expansion, and could not then be fertilised. And without the stimulus
afforded by pollination they did not develop. Mr. Veitch had shown that
in the case of Cattleya Mossizx, fertilisation did not take place till about
three months after pollination, and all this time the pollen tubes and the
ovules were steadily developing. If a pollen parent were used which

developed in a much

shorter period failure might result from this cause-

APRIL, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 101

And the reverse of course might take place. The limits of crossing were
partly determined by systematic affinity, but within those limits certain
physiological and perhaps mechanical difficulties could be traced. The
subject was highly interesting for several reasons, and the botanist could
not ignore hybrids if he wished, for they occurred in nature, and in some
groups were quite common, for example Salix, Epilobium, and Odonto-
glossum, and a good many cases had been proved experimentally. Hybrid-
isation was largely a question of opportunity. Wherever species that would
cross grew together hybrids might occur, and as Orchids were so largely
dependent upon insects or fertilisation, and insects did not confine their
visits to one species of flower, the pollen was sure to get mixed, and hybrids
would result. Hybridists carried the matter further by making crosses
which could not occur in nature. It was not always possible to state with
certainty whether a given plant was a hybrid or not without knowing its
history, not even by tracing resemblances, though this method was
generally sufficient when the history of an importation was known. In
conclusion he pleaded that hybridists might do more to prove the origin of
suspected hybrids by direct experiment. The common Odontoglossum xX
Andersonianum had not yet been raised artificially, though there could be
no doubt as to its origin.

Mr. Thwaites, Streatham, who contributed some interesting observa-
tions, remarked that he had succeeded in raising seedlings between Soph-
ronitis grandiflora and Brassavola Digbyana, using the former as the pollen
parent, but the seedlings had not yet flowered. He also advocated dividing
the pollinia if larger than that of the species used as the seed parent,
otherwise the pollinia were liable to choke the style passage, and thus
result in failure.

Further remarks were made by Mr. Watson, of Kew, Mr. William
Marshall, Mr. C. T. Druery, Mr. Bunyard, jun., Mr. H. Little, and Mr.
H. J. Veitch, the latter describing the evening as one of the best and most
instructive that he had spent at the club. The meeting concluded with a
hearty vote of thanks to Mr. Cookson and Mr. Chapman, on the motion of
Sir John T. D. Llewelyn.

ORCHIDS AT KEW.
As the season advances the number of Orchids in flower tends to increase,
and a long list could again be cet of those now flowering at Kew.

In the Warm house the D bi are still pi though con-
siderably diminished in numbers, prominent among them being several
good forms of D. crassinode, D. — var. giganteum, D. lituiflorum,

li the well-known D. thyrsifl carrying six veniiebens

Ae 3

102 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [APRIL, 1906,

and several clumps of D. aggregatum suspended from the roof, on rafts,
while close by is a small basket of the charming little D. Loddigesii. The
hybrids include D. x Juno, D. x micans, and D. x Aspasia. In passing,
one cannot help mentioning the gigantic D. undulatum, the flowers of
which are still fresh, though they have been open quite five weeks.

Among other interesting plants in flower in this house are Phaius X
Cooksoni, P. Wallichii, Spathoglottis x aureo-Vieillardii, Schomburgkia
rosea, Cynorchis x’ kewensis, Ansellia congoensis and A. nilotica, Chysis
bractescens, Ccelogyne Huetteriana, C. Parishii, and C. pandurata, carry-
ing two large racemes of green and black flowers. Passing on, we come to
the curious but handsome Cyrtopodium palmifi C. and C.
Andersoni, the two former having petaloid bracts, like ei flowers, of a
mixture of reddish brown and yellow. Suspended from the roof are two
plants of Scuticaria Hadweni bearing several flowers each, also Stanhopea
eburnea, whose flowers are very fragrant. A plant of Oncidium altissimum
is carrying a good strong spike.

In the Botanical corner are several interesting plants, including
Maxillaria platypetala, Epidendrum Ellisii, Cirrhopetalum picturatum,
a eomates, De ise es nodosa, I Mormélyce lineolata, the heliotrope-
scented Bulbop i B. fuscum, and the recently-
introduced Tilystachia Haroldiana.

In the Intermediate house Cattleyas Trianz, Schroederae, Mendelii, and
Percivaliana are all in flower, also Lelia Jongheana, L. harpophylla,
Brassolelia x Gratrixize, Cymbidium Ballianum, Maxillaria ochroleuca,
M. Houtteana, M.- prestans, Oncidium sarcodes, O. Marshallianum, and
- O. concolor, the latter suspended from the roof in pans, giving a bright
appearance to the whole house. Several Epidendrums also add to the
attractions of the house, as E. evectum, E. verrucosum, E. Wallisii, and
the sweet-scented E. gl Trichopilias include T. sanguinolenta,
T. laxa, and the handsome T. suavis. Suspended from the roof are Eria i
Kingii, Ornithocephalus grandiflorus, and the handsome Dendrobium atrfo- —
violaceum. A second New Guinea species, D. Madonnz, is still as perfect
as last month.

A second warm house is devoted to Cypripedes and the Vanda groups :
each occupying one side of the house. Among the Paphiopedilums af
several additions, as P. exul, P. Gratrixianum, P. nigritum, P. concolor
var. Sandere, a well-flowered plant of P. Rothschildianum, and the rather
shy P. hirsutissimum with five blooms, together with P. x Lathamianum ‘
pei i . Arg z i are well rep ted by t+ —

F rph y » P. X Domini or. x grande, P. longifoltumiagy PF
Fae; and P. lls anieie the Vandas are fe the North Indian V: |

cristata and V. teres, also Aérides Houll idium Germiny”
? J

APRIL, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. £03

anum, Ang Sanderi , the brilliant R h I h
Saccolabium giganteum, and a pretty new species with rose-coloured
flowers, S. rubescens, Rolfe.

The Cool House is gay with numerous species of Odontoglossum. O.
longipipes bears a spike from three to four feet in length, with numerous
small yellow flowers. O. Edwardii is carrying a spike quite five feet long,
crowded with its beautiful violet-purple flowers. There are also several
plants of O. crispum, gloriosum, ieee and triumphans; O. mirandum,

Uroskinneri, 1 E i Hallii, sceptrum, macu-
latum, (Erstedii, Calvenieail pulchellum, and the very rare little O.
stellatum, with the hybrids O. X Andersonianum, X Coradinei, X
Adriane, and X Harryano-triumphans. Among the Masdevallias are a
well-flowered plant of M. x Pourbaixii, M. O’Brieniana, M. bella, and M. x
Hincksiana, together with several others which were mentioned last month.
Other plants are the pretty little Physosiphon Moorei, Polystachya
pubescens, and the violet blue D. Victoria-Regina, hailing from the Philip-
pines. Cymbidium grandiflorum is bearing a good spike, and the flowers
are opening perfectly in this cool situation, while near by is C. pumilum, a
native of Japan, species of Stelis, and other rare botanical Orchids.

——

PAPHIOPEDILUM HIRSUTISSIMUM.
A curious fact has just come to light respecting this beautiful species,
which carries its history back for about a couple of years, and, curiously
enough, it has come out through the rediscovery of the allied P. Fairrie-

anum. ’
Messrs. Veitch summarise the history of the species as follows
(Man. Orch., iv., p. 29):—‘ ipedium hirsutissi and C. F.

two of the most cue Indian Cypripedes, wete introduced to British
gardens about the year 1857, but nothing whatever was then known of their
origin further than that they had been sent to England by a collector named
Simons. The precise station . . . of C. hirsutissimum remained un-
known till 1868-69, about which time the late Mr. John Day received a few
plants from his nephew Captain Williamson, who had gathered them on
the Assam side of the Khasia Hills, whence it has.since been received by
horticultural firms.”

On looking up the records, in connection with the new fact above
alluded to, I find that the species was named by Lindley, and originally
figured and described in the Botanical Magazine (t. 4990), in June, 1857.
Its history is thus given :—‘‘A native of Java, we believe, and communi-
cated to us by Mr. Parker, of Hornsey, who purchased it at a sale of East
Indian plants.

104 THLE ORCHID REVIEW. [APRIL, 1906.

Lindley’s Herbarium contains two flowers, one labelled “ Parker &
Williams,” the other ‘“‘ Hort. Mr. Hanbury,” there being no dates to show
which was the earlier, though it is clear that the first-named was from the
same source as the one figured.

Shortly afterwards it was also figured in the Belgique Horticole (1857, p.
353, t. 61, fig. 1-2), from a plant which flowered in the collection of Comte
A.de Limminghe. It is said to have been shown for the first time at the
Namur Exhibition of that year. Two years later a note appeared of a
plant in the collection of M. Rougier Chauviere (Rev. Hort. 1859, pp. 181-
183, fig. 40-41), but as both the figures are erroneous, representing C.
villosum, the record remains doubtful.

In 1861 came a definite clue to the habitat, M. Louis Van Houtte
remarking, when figuring it (FI. des Serres, t. 1430), that it was a native of
Bhotan, whence he had received it. Soon afterwards Warner stated (Sel.
Orch. i. t. 15) :—“It was imported about four years ago from India along
with C. Fairrieanum.” Reichenbach also stated that English and Belgian
importers had received it from Bhotan.

Mr. John Day next obtained it. On October 14th, 1868, he made a
painting of a seed vessel (Coll. Draw. ii. t. 70), which is labelled :—‘ Seed
vessel of a Cypripedium (which I have no doubt whatever is hirsutissimum)
received from my nephew W. J. Williamson from Assam in July, 1868. It
came in company with Vanda ccerulea and Dendrobium Falconeri, and I
suppose from the Cossyah [Khasia) Hills, but it might have been from the
Bhotan Hills, as two expeditions were made but the plants were not kept
apart.” A note was subsequently added:—“N. B., May 14th, 18/1.
Flowered many plants of this importation, and they proved as expected—
Cyp. hirsutissimum.”

Two days before the date of the preceding note Mr. Day had painted
an exceptionally richly-coloured form (L.c. xli. t. 83), and on March 28th,
1885, he added a very pale, much spotted form, ‘‘from a plant purchased
at Protheroe & Morris’s Sale rooms (Lc. xliv. t. 63). He there remarks :—
“One of the finest species of the genus, now getting scarce again. He also
comments on the “ Java” record as “ probably a mistake.” We have also
evidence what a keen observer Mr. Day was, for he adds :—‘‘ When the
flower first expands the remarkable undulations of the edges of the petals
are not apparent, but they develop in two or three days. No doubt the
edges keep growing longer than the central part, and therefore must
undulate.”

We may now mention the new fact. When the illustration of the Te-
di ed P. Fairri appeared in this work (O.R. xiii. p. 261, fig. 62)
it was shown by Mr. F. H. Moore, of Liverpool, to his friend Mr. James
Fairrie, son of the late Mr. Adam Fairrie, after whom the species was

APRIL, 1906.| THE ORCHID REVIEW. 105

named, and Mr. Fairrie wrote to us expressing doubt as to the identity of
the plant, as he had a painting, made by his sister, which represented quite
a different plant. I was naturally puzzled, but now comes the solution.
Mr. Fairrie lent the painting to Mr. Moore, who has taken a photograph,
about half natural size, using an isochromatic plate and a yellow screen.
Below the painting is written, in pencil,‘ Oct., 18
the right of this, in ink, ‘“‘ Adam’s Fairrieanum, from nature by Janet

55, natural size,”’ and on

Fic. 12. PAPHIOPEDILUM HIRSUTISSIMUM.

Fairrie.” This photo is here reproduced (fig. 12), and clearly represents
C. hirsutissimum, and we may add that Mr. Reginald Young and his
gardener, Mr. Poyntz, as well as Mr. Moore, all of whom have seen the
original painting, agree that it is quite typical in colour. Unfortunately
nothing further can be traced about its history, but Mr. Fairrie that it
is the plant of which his father was so proud, and his sister says that she

106 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [APRIL, 1906.

recollects flowers similar to the re-introduced C. Fairrieanum, but agrees —

that no particular value was attached to them by her father. It is rather
curious that this earlier appearance of C. hirsutissimum should not have

been recorded, as it carries the history of the species back to the autumn

of 1855, but how long the plant had then been in the collection cannot be
stated. Mr. Fairrie came to Liverpool in 1847, and: commenced then to

buy Orchids, and the collection was sold in 1865, when he left Mosley Hill,

being purchased by Messrs. Rollisson for £3,000.
R. A. ROLFE.

———

SOCIETIES.
ROYAL HORTICULTURAL.
A MEETING of this Society was held at the Royal Horticultural Hall,
Vincent Square, Westminster, on March 6th, when there was a magni-
ficent display of Orchids, and the awards issued consisted of one Gold and
ten other Medals, three First-class Certificates, seven Awards of Merit,
three Cultural Commendations, and one Botanical Certificate.

W. A. Bilney, Esq., Fir Grange, Weybridge (gr. Mr. Whitlock), staged
a magnificent group, occupying one side of one of the central stages in the }
Hall, to which a Gold Medal was awarded. It consisted chiefly of
Dendrobiums, and contained many fine forms of D. x Ainsworthii and D.

nobile, the latter including the pure white D. n. album and numerous

examples of D. n. nobilius. Among the more noteworthy forms were D. x=
Ai ii H var., D. X A. splendidissimum, D. X Cybele ‘
D. x C. nobilius, D. x pallens, D. x xanthocentram, D. x Wigania, D.—
x Wiganianum and its varieties, D. Wardianum and its hybrids, D- albo-

gui D. B i D. X Melpomene, D. thyrsiflorum, and
numerous others. The group also contained some good Cymbidium

eburneum, Odontoglossums, Oncidiums, and other plants.

The Hon. Walter Rothschild, Tring Park, Tring (gr. Mr. Dye), seat?
group of the stately Lissochilus Horsfallii, Batem. (Bot. Mag. t- 5486), 4

native of West Africa. It has been grown as a river-bank plant, in tubs
water, with Nympheas, and when growing strongly frequent waterings with

liquid manure were given. The species bears large plicate leaves and tay

erect scapes of very numerous flowers. These have recurved green sé

tinged and lined with dark purple, orbicular white petals suffused with 108%
and a three-lobed lip, with the front deep rose-purple, and the side a
green lined with dull purple. A group of four plants was shown, one of i
bearing three spikes, the best nearly five feet high. The species “—
awarded a First-class Certificate, and a Silver-gilt Flora Medal was evel

to the group.

APRIL, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 107

Baron Sir H. Schréder, The Dell, Egham (gr. Mr. Ballantine), staged
a splendid group of Calanthes, all of them having the bulbs of huge size
and magnificent condition. They consisted of C. Regnieri, with examples
of the tall and handsome C. x Baron Schréder in the centre. A Silver
Flora Medal was awarded. A Botanical Certificate was given to the
pretty little South African Cynorchis compacta, bearing numerous spikes of
white flowers.

S. Briggs-Bury, Esq., Bank House, Accrington (gr. Mr. Wilkinson),
staged a nice group, to which a Silver Banksian Medal was awarded. It
included Cypripedium villosum magnificum, C. x Beekmanii, some good
C. xX Maudie, two good forms of Od i x loochristi the
handsome O. crispum Empress of India, aa others.

C. J. Lucas, Esq., Warnham Court, Horsham (gr. Mr. Duncan),
showed a group containing a splendid form of Leliocattleya x warnham-
ensis, Cypripedium X Calypso with six flowers, Angraecum sesquipedale,
Cypripedium X warnhamense, Phaius maculatus, Cymbidium x Lowio-
eburneum and other plants. A Bronze Banksian Medal was awarded.

Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., Burford (gr. Mr. White) exhibited a few
fine Dendrobiums, including D. x Apollo album, D. xX Wiganie album,
and some fine examples of D. xX Sibyl, a Cultural Commendation being
given to one noble specimen of the latter. A second Cultural Commenda-
tion was given to a fine example of the blush-white D. superbum Burkei,
and an Award of Merit to D. x Wiganiz illustre, having cream-white
flowers tinged with rose, and the disc of the lip orange with a dark maroon
blotch.

Jeremiah Colman, Be Gatton sais Reigate (gr. Mr. Bound),
exhibited Dendrobi x Al hii, D. x Venus, D. x Othello, D. x
Wiganie, D. x Wiganianum, D. nobile album, D. n. nobilius, and the fine
white D. x Colmaniz. An Award of Merit was given toD. x Wiganianum
Gatton Park var., a large flower of fine form and texture, cream in colour,
tinged with rose, and the disc of the lip purplish. A Cultural Commenda™
tion was given to a well-bloomed example of Masdevallia x Pourbaixii.

Sir W. H. S. Marriott, Blandford (gr. Mr. Denny), showed Sophro-
cattleya x warnhamensis var. “Cerise,” bearing a spike of four handsome
scarlet flowers. A First-class Certificate was awarded.

J. Bradshaw, Esq., The Grange, Southgate (gr. Mr. Whitelegge),
showed a plant of Brassocattleya x Digbyano-Mendelii, the flowers
having a slight greenish tint. An Award of Merit was given.

De B. Crawshay, Esq., Rosefield, Sevenoaks (gr. Mr. Stables),
gained an Award of Merit for the pretty little albino Odontoglossum Rossii
immaculatum, which is figured at page 113 of our third volume.

E. Ashworth, Esq., Harefield Hall, Wilmslow (gr. Mr. Holford), showed

108 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [ApRIL, 1960,

aa

Dendrobium X Haywoodie Harefield Hall var., and Cypripedium X }

Georges Hackenschmidt (tenebrosum X insigne Harefield Hall var.).

N. C. Cookson, Esq., Oakwood, Wylam (gr. Mr. H. J. Chapman), sent

the handsome Phaius x Clive.
J. Gurney Fowler, Esq., Glebelands, South Woodford (gr. Mr. Davis),

showed a good Dendrobium x Schneiderianum, and D. x Ainsworthii —

Thompsoni.

H. S. Goodson, Esq., Ny Mee Mr. ae showed Cypripedium x H.
S. Goodson (Spicerianum mag

H. T. Pitt, Esq., Rosslyn, Geahict em (gr. Mr. Thurgood), exhibited
Odontoglossum Wilckeanum Pitt's var., having the large flower light
yellow in colour, heavily blotched with brown.

R. G. Thwaites, Esq., Streatham (gr. Mr. Black), showed the handsome
Dendrobium x Thwaitesiz.

Francis Wellesley, Esq., Westfield, Woking (gr. Mr. Hopkin sent
Cypripedium X Mrs. W. E. Dickson, C. x Miss Marian Sillem, a pure
white flower, densely spotted with purple; the handsome Lelio-cattleya X
Mrs. R. A. mr Mitchell estogkees xX Martinetii), and L.-c. x Marn-
hami li hrodi a pretty flower, with pale rosy lilac
sepals and petals, and the broad lip marked with purplish crimson.

Sir F. Wigan, Bart., Clare Lawn, East Sheen (gr. Mr. Young), showed
Chysis X Chelsoni, a handsome flower, having the outer halves of the
segments orange-red.

Messrs. Charlesworth and Co., Heaton, Bradford, staged a very fine
group, which was awarded a Silver-gilt Flora Medal. It consisted chiefly
of Odontoglossums, and contained some fine O. x Harryano-triumphans,
O. X Rolfez, O. x loochristiense, O. x amabile Charlesworthii, and the
pretty O. x Gladys (cirrhosum x Harryano-crispum) ; together with some
good examples of Cattleya Triane, C. x Enid, several handsome Lalio-
cattleya x Myra, L.-c. x Lucasiana Jeanette, Brassocattleya x Queen
Alexandra, Zygopetalum crinitum ceeruleum, and others. An Award of
Merit was given to Odontioda x heatonensis, described at page 118 of our
present Issue.

Messrs. Sander & Sons, St. Albans, showed a good group, containing
a splendid example of Ansellia africana, with three fine branched spikes
forms of Cattleya Trianz, Leliocattleya x Berthe Fournier, Brass
cattleya x Empress of Russia, Cymbidium x eburneo-Lowianum, Phaius

x Marthe, Ccelogyne cristata, forms of Cypripedium insigne, and other

plants. A Silver Banksian Medal was awarded to the group. A First
class Certificate was given to Odontoglossum x Fowlerianum (Rossii
rubescens X cirrhosum), a handsome hybrid, having the sepals and petals
narrow, thickly spotted with deep purple, and the margins and tips

APRIL, 1G06.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 109

bright rose-purple, while the lip was bright rose-purple, with the base
and the callus yellow.

Messrs. James: Cypher & Sons, Cheltenham, gained a Silver Flora
Medal for a rich and varied group, containing many fine Dendrobiums,
D. Wardianum hololeucum and other albinos being prominent, together with
Lelia anceps pelcrederiana, g good examples of Cattleya Triane, Phalanop-
sis amabilis R Epipt itis X Veitchii, a fine dark Leelio-
cattleya xX Dominiana, and miaey hybrid Cypripediums and Odonto-
glossums. An Award of Merit was given to Dendrobium nobile Perfection
(D. n. elegans X D. n. nobilius), a very round and broad flower, magenta-
rose in colour, and with a very dark maroon blotch on the broad lip.

Messrs. H. Low & Co., Enfield, obtained a Bronze Banksian Medal for
a good group, bearcaisita Phalznopsis cohirinenipers Lycaste Skinneri alba

magnifica, S 1 Har FP hallis Reezlii, Dend
crassinode, D. Boxallii, Oncidium sarcodes, Epidendrum xX _ Endresio-
Wallisii, and Cypripedium xX Helen II. with four flowers.

Messrs. Stanley and Co., Southgate, received a Silver Banksian Medal
for a group of magnificent examples of Oncidium concolor, each plant
having three or four sprays of handsome yellow flowers.

M. Ch. Vuylsteke, Loochristi, Ghent, showed a small group of rare
hybrid Odontoglossums, all of excellent quality, including O. x Wilcke-
anum, O. x Wiganianum, O. X Rolfew,O. x bellatulum, O. x Vuylstekei,
and others, a Silver Banksian Medal being awarded.

Messrs. Sutton and Sons, Reading, showed Pleione yunnanensis,
described and figured at page 8r of our last number. This now received an
Award of Merit.

Messrs. Heath and Sons, Cheltenham, showed two good examples of
Dendrobium Cassiope X Dominianum, several D. barbatulum, D. nobile
Heathii, Ccelogyne cristata, and some Odontoglossums.

M. G. Vincke-Dujardin, Bruges, sent Cattleya Triane coerulea, with the
front of the lip slate-blue.

At the meeting held on March 2oth the display of Orchids was smaller
than at the preceding meeting, but some good things were staged, and the
awards consisted of five medals, one First-class Certificate, three Awards of
Merit, and two Cultural Commendations.

Baron Sir Henry Schréder, The Dell, Egham (gr. Mr. Ballantine),
staged a very fine group, to which a Silver-gilt Flora Medal was awarded.
It contained a fine series of Dendrobiums, among the more noteworthy
being the charming white D. superbum Burkei, D. Brymerianum, D.
fimbriatum, D. Findlayanum, D. aureum philippinense, and some fine
forms of D. nobile, Wardianum and xX Ainsworthii, the handsome

T10 THE ORCHID REVIEW. é [APRIL, 1906.

Eulophiella Elizabethze, some good cut spikes of Calanthe x Baron
Schréder, Lelias harpophylla, Jongheana and x vitellina, Masdevallias
ignea, tovarensis, X Imogen and X Courtauldiana, the charming Odonto-
glossum Pescatorei vars. Veitchianum and Schroederianum, O. Hunnewell-
ianum, O. Uroskinneri, and the rare O. x Leeanum in magnificent con-
dition, the panicle bearing four side branches and very numerous flowers,
Sophronitis grandiflora, Cattleya Triana Osmani, Cypripedium Lawrence-
anum Hyeanum with three beautiful flowers, C. glaucophyllum, hirsutiss-
imum, Mastersianum, X Olivia, and other good things.

Major G. L. Holford, C.1.E., C.V.O., Westonbirt (gr. Mr. Alexander),
sent a good plant of Cattleya x Cecilia (Triana »% Lawrenceana),
Odontoglossum x Adrian Lady Crawford, and O. crispum Iolanthe, the
latter bearing a spike of seventeen magnificent white flowers, of great size
and substance, and gaining a Cultural Commendation.

Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., Burford (gr. Mr. White), also received a
Cultural C dation for a magni panicle of Phalznopsis amabilis
(Blume), bearing four side branches and about eighty flowers and buds. He
also sent a good Dendrobium x Melp

F. Menteth Ogilvie, Esq., Oxford (gr. Mr. Balmforth), sent a fine plant
of the striking Eriopsis rutidobulbon, Dendrobium x Thwaitesii Veitch’s
var., and the handsome Cypripedium X aureum Hyeanum, the latter
gaining an Award of Merit.

Francis Wellesley, Esq., Westfield, Woking (gr. Mr. Hopkins), sent
Cattleya x Mrs. Frederick Knollys (Mossie x Hardyana), a fine thing
with rosy lilac sepals and petals, and a rich purple-crimson lip with two
deep yellow blotches in the throat, the fine C. niveum Wellesleyanum,
C. X villoso-bellatulum, with four good flowers, and C. villosum The
Premier, a very fine form, bearing a broad chocolate band on the dorsal
sepal, the latter receiving an Award of Merit. .

F. A. Bevan, Esq., Trent Park, New Barnet (gr. Mr. Parr), sent
Odontoglossum X elegans Trent Park var.

G. F. Bird, Esq., West Wickham (gr. Mr. Redden), sent a fine form of

Od

J. Bradshaw, Esq., Southgate (gr. Mr. Whitelegge), sent the beautiful
Lycaste Skinneri armeniaca, L. S. alba, and three other good forms. '

S. Briggs-Bury, Esq., Accrington (gr. Mr. Wilkinson), sent Cypripedium
x Victor Cavendish, a large greenish, well-spotted flower, with a white
apex to the dorsal sepal.

E. F. Clark, Esq., Teignmouth (gr. Mr. Riddiford), sent three hybrid —

Cypripedes.

Jeremiah Colman, Esq., Gatton Park (gr. Mr. Bound), sent the rich
orange-yellow Spathoglottis aurea Gatton Park var.

APRIL, 190%.) THE ORCHID REVIEW. rir

Norman C. Cookson, Esq., Oakwood, Wylam (gr. Mr. Chapman), sent
the handsome Odontoglossum crispum Princess Maud, O. x excellens
Prince of Orange, O. X ardentissimum Cookson’s var., and Dendrobium X
Ainsworthii Oakwood var., a very large, deep rose-purple form.

John S. Moss, Esq., Bishops Waltham (gr. Mr. Kench), showed the
pretty hybrid Odontoglossum X amcenum (Pescatorei X sceptrum).

Captain R. P. Purefoy, R. No Shalstone MARIE; Buckingham (gr. Mr.
Cordery), sent a good Dend Ichell D.

O. O. Wrigley, Esq., Bridge Hall, Bury (gr. Mr. Rogers), sent the rare
and pretty Miltonia Warscewiczii xanthina, and a well-marked form of
Odontoglossum x Adrianz.

Messrs. Charlesworth and Co., Heaton, Bradford, staged a splendid
group, consisting chiefly of hybrids, to which a Silver-gilt Medal was
awarded. It contained many beautiful Odontoglossums, as O. X excellens,
O. x Elaine (cirrhosum X Harryanum), which is described on p. 118, some
good O.crispum, X Rolfee, x loochristiense, xX crispo-Harryanum, X

Hallio-crispum, the handsome white Benseorsstleye X Queen Alexandra,
Sophrolelia x Psyche, D a very fine Cochlioda
vulcanica, the beautiful white Cattleya’ Mendelii Duchess of York,
Zygopetalum x Perrenoudi,a pretty hybrid between Lelia cinnabarina and
Epidendrum atropurpureum, a very richly-coloured Lelio-cattleya x
Dominiana, L.-c. X Wellsiana and other fine things. An Award of Merit
was given to L.-c. X Sunray superba (L. cinnabarina X C. superba), a
very richly-coloured form.

Messrs. James Cypher and Son, Cheltenham, received a Silver Flora
Medal for a fine group,, including a handsome Cattleya x calumnata with
four flowers, Epiphronitis x Veitchii, Odontoglossum nevium, O. X
Adriane punctatum, Oncidium concolor, Dendrobium nobile album, D. n.
Perfection, raised from a remarkably round form fertilised with D. n.
nobilius, and having the shape of the first and the colour of the second
_ (the parents being also shown), D. x Apollo album, and other Dendrobes,
Cypripedes, &c.

Messrs. Hugh Low & Co., Enfield, received a Silver Banksian Medal for
a pretty group, containing Cattleya Triane coerulea, with a good white
form, C. Schilleriana, Angrecum citratum, Catasetum macrocarpum,
Diacrium bicornutum, Odontoglossum Harryanum, Cypripedium X
microchilum, C. X Winnianum, C. X Winifred Hollington, C. xX aureum
Hyeanum, the graceful little Spiranthes australis, introduced from Java,
a eigseee ge and bearing a spiral spike of white flowers, Dendrobium
and others.

Messrs. Sander & Sons, St. Albans, also received a Silver Banksian
Medal for an interesting group, containing the fine Cymbidium grandi-

ie

112 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [APRIL, 1906,

h . Sch hb 1

florum, Renanthera I gkia undulata, the handsome

Zygopetalum X Gottianum, Cecelia Baueriana,. Notylia multiflora,
Dendrobium nobile virginale, Cypripedium villosum annamense, remark- —
able for having a dark band on the dorsal sepal, and others.

M. A. A. Peeters, Brussels, send Cypripedium X aureum Pomone, ~
and Od ] x Lamt i roseum (x Rolfe x crispum
Madame Falcke), a very handsome, heavily-blotched flower with rosy
ground, which received a First-class Certificate.

M. Draps-Dom, Laeken, Brussels, sent a good Odontoglossum X
Adrianz, two spotted O. crispum, and a few good Cypripedes.

Messrs. Linden & Co., Moortebeek, Brussels, sent Odontoglossum
crispum Lucien Linden, a prettily-spotted form, said to have been raised _
from O. crispum X O. c. Eldorado, the fine Cochlioda vulcanica Linden’s _
var., Oncidium Phal 2 di prestans, and C. p. aureum,

P |e

a pretty yellow form.
DIPLOMA AWARDS.

The special competition for Lycastes brought several exhibitors, but
only a second Diploma was awarded to L. Skinneri Beauty, from J-
Bradshaw, Esq., a fine blush white flower, with rosy crimson markings om
the lip. 7

A nice little group of the Society’s paintings of Lycaste were also shown.

MANCHESTER AND NORTH OF ENGLAND ORCHID.
A MEETING of this Society was held at the Coal Exchange, Manchester, 08
March 8th, when the exhibits were not numerous, and the awards con-
sisted of one Medal, two First-class Certificates, and two Awards of Merit.

O. O. Wrigley, Esq., Bury, (gr. Mr. Rogers), received a First-class —
Certificate for Miltonia Weltoni album.

Messrs. James Cypher & Son, Cheltenham, received a Silver Medal
for a good group of plants, and an Award of Merit for Dendrobium —
nobile Perfection.

Messrs. Sander e Sons, St. Albans, received a First-class Corte
lor Od 1 Fowl (Rossii rubescens X cirrhosum), @
very beautifal ae

Messrs. A. J. Keeling & Sons, Bradford, received an Award of Merit |
for Dendrobium x Wigania xanthochilum, and a Vote of Thanks for? —
small group. ;

M. Ch. Vaylsteke, Loochristi, Ghent, received a Vote of Thanks for ®
small group of hybrid Odontoglossums, in which O. x Lawrenceanum WS
particularly effective.

Messrs. John Cowan & Co., Gateacre, and Mr. D. McLeod, Chorlton q
cum-Hardy, also received Votes of Thanks for interesting groups. ;

ORGHIDS
A SPECIALITY.

Messrs.

Charlesworth & Co.

Heaton, BRADFORD,

Have a large and fine stock of established

and imported Orcurps.

INSPECTION INVITED.

By Special Appointment to

ORCHIDS!
ORCHIDS !

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1S CORDIALLY INVITED BY

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CHOICE CATTLEYAS, CYPRIPEDIUMS, AND
HYBRID ORCHIDS A SPECIALITY.

ell-grown plants at reasonable

Please write for List.
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CHELTENHAM.

EAST INDIAN ORCHIDS.

DELIVERED TO ANY ADDRESS.

WHOLESALE OR RETAIL.

Price List on application to
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J. WEEKS & CO., Lta.
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To His Majesty, H.R.H. the Prince of Wales,

Dept., Royal Hort. Soc.,
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a reraner oii “HORTULANUS.” Lonoon.

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KING'S ROAD, CHELSEA, S.W.

MANCHESTER & NORTH OF
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Orchid. pt eee
AEapguarTEeRs: THE COAL EXCHANGE, MARKET
PLACE, MANCHESTER.
MEETINGS of the COMMITTEE for. the
purpose of adjudicating upon the Orchids submitted
is ge held on April sth and 26th,
*clock prempt. Open to Members from
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P. WEATHERS Hon. Sec

Botanical Gardens, Maneherter.

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me. Horticultural Builders,

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Printed by R. W. Simpson & Co,, Ltd. Richmond Press, Sheen Road, Richmond, Surrey-

MURRAY'S PATENT
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lnspe
JEW DESCRIPTIVE & PRICED CATALOGUE FOR 1906 POST FREE.

A.J. KEELING & SONS,
Orchid Growers & Fmporters,
THE GRANGE NURSERIES,

Westgate Hill, Bradford, Yorks.

NEW EDITION

SAN DER’S

HYBRID ORCHID
LIST,

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CONTAINING
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ORCHIDS.

Those especially who contemplate forming a Collection would profit by consulting

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whose advice and plants would be found equally good.

ORCHIDS.

Just received, importations of Cattleya
Labiata, Cattleya Triane, Oncidium
Phymatochilum, Oncidium Grayesia-
num, Miltonia Morrelliana—Odonto-
glossum Crispum, and Odontoglossum
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PROPRIETORS:

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ORCHIDS.
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exclusively engaged to collect in Colombia :
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crispum, Pescatorei, etc., etc.

ORDERS PROMPTLY EXECUTED AFTER
ARRIVAL.

Theodor Franke,
Gross-Ottersleben, Near Magdeburg,
Germai

ORCHID PEAT.

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Selected Sample; Solid Fibre; ‘Three
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are constantly adding to their S ock
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Special attention given to orders for Expo
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Descriptive and Priced Catalegues Lene
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ORCHID HOUSES A SPECIALITY.

Menticn OrcHID REVIEW when applying

Orchids Painted from

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(Water Colours or Oils).

(OUNG Lady experienced in Orchid
Painting is wishing to obtain the above
Specimens of work sent on
application. Prompt attention given to
blooms received by post.
Miss DAWS,
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Miss NORTH. ARTIST
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ORCHID PAINTINGS.
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5S Guineas each. KO.

EXCHANGE.
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Would exchange for Oncidiums or
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tions, with numerous illustrations.

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APRIL, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 113

PAPHIOPEDILUM x PRINCESS.

THE annexed figure represents another pretty and delicately-coloured
Fairrieanum hybrid, namely P. x Princess, whose history was given at
page 43 of our last volume. It is reproduced from a painting, by
Macfarlane, of a flower from the collection of Francis Wellesley, Esq.,
Westfield, Woking. The plant bloomed in August last, and was exhibited
at a meeting of the R.H.S. (O.R. xiii. p. 277). It was raised by M. Opoix,

Fic. 13. PAPHIOPEDILUM X PRINCESS.

from P. X Mons. Coffinet crossed with the pollen of P. Fairrieanum, and
thus is of rather complex ancestry, an analysis showing half Fairrieanum,
a quarter Dayanum, and one eighth each barbatum and_ superbiens.
Perhaps the most striking resemblances in the flower are the ciliz of the
petals, recalling P. Dayanum, and the curved petals and somewhat
reticulated veining of the dorsal sepal, recalling Fairrieanum. The rich
colour of P. barbatum is wanting, and there is only a trace of the spotted

11g THE ORCHID REVIEW. [APRIL, 1901

petals of P. superbiens, though there are resemblances to both in shape.
In fact it is a blend of the four species, and its delicate colours reflect the
general tint of three of its ancestral parent species. ‘
CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS FOR APRIL,
By J. M. Brack, Streatham. q
APRIL introduces in all earnestness the Orchid growers’ busy season, and —
potting operations will now have to be pushed on expeditiously, so as not to 4
lose the proper season, and the present will be a suitable time to ae
the important question of compost. I am becoming less and less satisfied
with large quantities of leaves in the compost for Cattleyas and Leelias, and
a compost which will suit these will also be found to suit most other E
epiphital pseudobulbous Orchids, particularly those which require at times
but little water at the root, and which include most Oncidiums, Brassavolas, —
Stanhopeas, Catasetums, Dendrobi Epidend Trichopilias, —
Sophronitis, &c. The using of peat rhizomes instead of crocks was am
excellent innovation, and this alone will, I think, contribute largely to
conserving the energy of imported plants. ' 7
We have lately been re-potting a number of half-grown Cattleya seed-
lings, for which rhizomes were used as drainage when the plants were
potted about two years ago, and I was gratified to find the roots in splendid 4
condition, and the rhizomes nearly as open and springy as when first used.
Concurrently with the introduction to practice of leaves (or leaf-soil), t
might be safe to say that there was an increase in the use of sphagnum F
moss, and soft potting became the order of the day. A compost containiig |
a large proportion of decaying leaves and sphagnum may be organi a
tich, but it is one which physically soon collapses, and when we remember
that most Orchids of the classes enumerated above flower best the second
and third years after being disturbed, the reason for using a compost which
will remain sweet, firm, and porous for a number of years is readily apparent:
A reliable compost for these plants is one composed of two-thirds ba
of good quality, broken into lumps and with only the dust which falls
picking removed, one-third sphagnum, and a tenth of the bulk of @
leaves, with a good sprinkling of coarse silver sand added. These should
be thoroughly mixed together, well moistened, and prepared a week oF 9 —
before using. And I am not quite sure that there is anything to be
by having any moss at all in the body of the compost ; as an addition to the
surfacing it may be of considerable value, looking neat and fresh,
assisting in the irrigation of the plant. But has it any nutritive value
worth speaking of, and is not its decaying readily in the compost more ® —
source of weakness than strength ? When a plant is freshly potted, the

Avais, 1906.) THE ORCHID REVIEW. 115

roots run freely in the new sphagnum, but old and dead sphagnum has no
attraction for them, and at its best I believe it is more a mechanical and
neutral agency than anything else.

It might be urged that plants like Phalaenopsis grow well in it, which
disproves its being neutral, but rain-water will supply most of the
constituents which the plant requires at the root—when, and especially
hear towns, containing some mineral elements—and then, of course, we
know the functions of the leaves, and the large part they play in the
absorption of food from the atmosphere. Every plant requires mineral
substance, and the small quantities which the Phalaenopsis will require the
sphagnum must be called upon to supply. I do not know if it has ever
been tried, but the addition of a sprinkling of wood ashes to a wholly
sphagnum moss compost for succulent growers like Phalenopsis, might be
of very great advantage. For plants that one expects to be but a short
time in the pot the question is not so urgent, but what we are concerned
with is to use a compost that will meet the requirements of a plant for two
or three years without falling to pieces or losing its virtue, and sphagnum
moss does not lend itself to this end. As a rooting medium, kept open by
being mixed with crocks or sand, sphagnum may claim to be some good,
but the hungriness of such a mixture would compel us to fall back on the
use of guano or some other manure, which, of course, is not our intention.
A compost may be all that can be desired chemically, but plants require
something more than this.

Hard-growing, epiphital Orchids seem to want a firm yet porous rooting
medium, so that the roots may get plenty of air, if they are to produce good
flowers, with flower stems able to support them. Belgian leaf-soil is quite
a different thing to our oak leaves. It is well decomposed, and is mixed
with a fine soft sand, and if used alone for potting there is but little sub-
sidence afterwards; but I do not recommend it, and most, if not all,
English growers who have given it a fair trial, have gone back to a compost
more akin to the old one, and they are still back-sliding.

In scanning through the last few volumes of the Orchid Review I have
discovered some interesting reading touching on the subject. Among
other things, I dropped across a foreign commission who were looking into
the matter, and find them examining a Cattleya Mossiz, potted in Belgian
leaf soil, which had beer. undisturbed for five years, and the roots and soil
were still in good condition. That is some years ago now, and I am
wondering if that plant has been disturbed yet! A Cattleya rhizome travels
a good long way in five years—even in an ordinary peat and moss mixture—

and it would be instructive to know the relative sizes of the plant and pot
when they first made each other’s acquaintance. At any rate, nothing
hing that achi has been recorded in this country.

rE

116 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [APRIL 1906.

CatrLeyas.—The time to repot a Cattleya is when new roots appear. —
Remove back bulbs, leaving only three or four behind the lead, and care- —
fully trim away all dead roots, and see that the plant is free from scale, &c.,
before putting into a fresh pot. The pot should be large enough to allow —
for another two or three bulbs, but no larger. Fill the pot one-third full of —
rhizomes which have been cut up and well soaked, and pot firmly, keeping —
the plant on a level with the rim of the pot. The potting mixture should —
be used fairly moist. C. labiata, C. G i C. Percivaliana,
C. Trianz, C. bicolor, C. amethystoglossa, C. velutina, C. Leopoldi, and
C. granulosa will all require attention about this time. Do not pot a plant
if it does not require it, although a little touch-up on the surface may be
necessary. 4

Lelia Jongheana, L. pumila and Sophronitis grandiflora may also be re-
potted at this season ; also Trichopilia fragrans and T. suavis, when nen
growth commences. Many Ccelogynes, Oncidiums, Epidendrums, anda
host of other plants will require fresh material as they start into new growth. —
Anguloas should have loam added to the compost, and should be repotted —
on flowering. ae

Most of the so-called deciduous Dendrobiums will now have passed out q
of flower, and may also be repotted. Give Dendrobiums very little air
until well into the season, and spray them overhead frequently when fine. —

TEMPERATURES.—The night temperature should now read something ’
like the following :—

Eacu InpIAN House.—63° to 68°.

Cattleya House.—s58° to 63°.

INTERMEDIATE HousE.—53° to 58°.

Coot HovusEe.—51° to 53°. ;

SHADING, &c.—I would refer readers to my last calendar for remarks
" shading, ventilating, and damping.

A little more warmth may be allowed if the nights are mild, and ont
cold nights the minimum figure will be most suitable, but lower than that —
should be avoided as much as possible. The temperatures should ; be
allowed to rise five degrees during the day time when dull weather, gy
with sun fifteen or twenty more may be registered in the warm houses- a

THE GERMINATION OF ORCHID SEED.—In continuation of my remarks
on Lelio-cattleyas in last month’s Calendar, where I got as far as securing A
thoroughly ripe seed, the next question is how to germinate it. I a q
present at Professor Henslow’s lecture on Parasites and Saprophytes ee
March 2oth, and was somewhat discomposed to find that Orchids belo!
to the latter class. Saprophytes are plants which live on decaying matt
which seems quite a respectable thing for a plant to do, but Professor
Henslow tells us that they are usually deficient or debased in some

APRIL, 1906.) THE ORCHID REVIEW. m7

particularly in the embryo. He described what happened during the
germination of Orchid seed. It seems thata — of any must be pre:
sent, and this fungus is antag ic to the
eating up the starch and what not that is formed within re naibiye: Sac,
and the case seems almost hopeless for the seed, when suddenly it asserts
itself, falls upon the fungus and devours it. When this fungus is absent
germination will not take place, and Professor Henslow gave this as the
reason why the seed must be sown on the surface of a pot in which an
Orchid is growing, as the fungus would be present among the roots. That
there isa phenomenon of this kind about most of us who have sown a Jot
of seed will gladly admit, but the unfortunate affair is that the seed does not
always germinate when sown on the surface of another plant. In the
Journal of the Board of Agriculture a good deal has been said during the
last two years on the i 1 of legumi plants, and although it is
evident from the results of recent experiments throughout the country, that
the subject of plant inoculation is still in the experimental stage, some
positive results have been obtained from the use of “ cultures.”” Could not
some one of our Orchid-growing scientists take this matter of the fungus up

and solve it for us in a practical way? Could not this fungus be cultivated
and handed round so that we could ‘ inoculate” a seed pan as occasion
required. I do not wish to be pulled up for writing nonsense, but it appears
to me to be as feasible to cultivate this fungus as it is for the bacteriologists
to make their cultures from the nodules of the leguminous plants.
However, with some insistence, we are now raising a good many
Orchids, fungus or no fungus, and though we may to a large extent be
working in the dark, the results encourage us to persevere, and the obstacles
and disappointments that one meets only help to accentuate the triumphs.
Lelio-Cattleyas have been, and are being, raised in large numbers, and
a good many different methods are employed. The necessity of sowing
them on potted plants has been disproved, but that method may be still a
very good and reliable one, and with the exception of Lelio-Cattleyas I do
not know that it has been Sime For instance, one never hears of
di or Od being raised on anything but on the

”

surface of growing pious There may be something in having an “eye
for a likely surface, and the rest must be done with care and devotion as to
watering, spraying, general healthy surroundings, and the many things
which go to make up good growing.

METHOD oF SowiING THE SEED.—Having selected the pots on which
it is intended to sow, clip over the surface evenly, and then give a good
watering. Choose pots that are not too large and in which the plants are
well established and healthy. It is hardly necessary to say that Odonto-
glossum seed should be sown on pots containing Odontoglossum plants,

118 THE ORCHID REVIEW. (APRIL, 1906.

Cypripediums on Cypripedium plants, &c. If one has more than onelot of _
seed to sow the greatest care should be taken that the seed does not get
mixed during the performance. It is best to have those pots only on which
one kind of seed is to be sown beside one at a time. A pocket knife isa —
very suitable instrument to distribute the seed evenly and thinly over, the:
surface with. Take a little of the seed upon the tip of the blade, hold it
over the surface of the pot, and then tap gently with the flat of the blade _
on the rim of the pot. One can hold the pot in the left hand, so that any
desired angle can be had. After some practice, one can also distribute the
seed very nicely by gently puffing it off the tip of the blade. I have been —
at some pains to describe this very simple operation, as clumsiness is alien 3
to success in this delicate branch of Orchid growing—raising them from ~

Ss

aa

The seed pots should then be placed well up to the light, shaded from
all direct sunshine, and kept in the warmest parts of their respective houses.
There need be no haste in pricking the seedlings off, providing they are oat
not overcrowding each other, but they can be safely pricked off when th
leaf point is a little way up; if they have room, however, leave them om
the seed pots until they have started to send out a root. j a

—— >».

THE HYBRIDIST.

ODoONTIODA HEATONENSIS.—A second Odontioda has now appeared, having
been raised by Messrs. Charlesworth and Co., Heaton, Bradford, from
Cochlioda sanguinea and Odontoglossum cirrhosum. It was exhibited at
a meeting of the R.H.S. on March 6th last, and received an Award of
Merit. It is a charming little thing, fairly intermediate in size, but most S
like the Odontoglossum parent in shape. The sepals and petals are broad
at the base, and much acuminate at the apex, with a whitish ground i
colour, and numerous rosy-purple spots. The lip is free, with a narrow — :
claw, nearly parallel to the column, and a reflexed limb, which is vey
broad at the base, with a narrowly acuminate recurved apex, and whitish
with some rosy-purple markings in front of the crest. It is remarkably
different from the one raised by M. Ch. Vuylsteke, as might be expected
from the parentage. sa

OpontocLossum X ELaIne.—At the following R.H.S. meeting, held hi
on March 2oth, Messrs. Charlesworth exhibited another interesting hy
from Odontoglossum cirrhosum, the pollen parent being O. Harryanum.
It is a remarkable thing, much like a greatly enlarged edition of Gs
cirrhosum, with broader very acuminate cream-yellow sepals and petals,
heavily blotched with dark brown, the spots on the lip and base of the

i
a
3
petals being smaller, and mostly elongated into streaks. The lip 8

APRIL, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 119

pandurate, with the upper half cream-yellow and unspotted, and the apex
acuminate. It is remarkably distinct, and as the plant was small and bore
only a couple of flowers, it is likely to develop into a fine thing.

Leuia X De GeestianA.—The Marquis de Wavrin, of Ghent, writes
to point out that Lelia x Mary Colman, exhibited at the R.H.S. meeting
held on February 13th, and noted at p. 80 of our last issue, has the same
parentage as the earlier L. X De Geestiana (QO. R. xiii. p. 364), and should
therefore be regarded as a form of it. This is quite correct, and we regret
having overlooked the fact when writing the note. The Marquis remarks
that the cross was raised by him, and was exhibited at a Horticultural
meeting at Ghent, in July, 1904, under the name of Lelia X De Geestiana
(after his chef de culture) ; : their a 1 plant was exhibited by Messrs. Sander &

Sons, at the I ltural meeting at —— last ‘pont and
that it was figured in the last issue of the Dicti graphique des
Orchidées.

ee ae

LALIO-CATTLEYA x GOTTOIANA VAR. GILBERTII.
On November 18th, 1902, a plant from the collection of Francis Wellesley,
Esq., Westfield, Woking, was exhibited at a meeting of the R.H.S. under
the name of Lelia Gilbertii, and was noted as a supposed natural hybrid
from L. tenebrosa, having a flower light rose in colour, with a purple-rose
front to the lip, and it was suggested that it might be a form of Lzlio-
cattleya xX Gottoiana (OQ. R. x. p. 367). It has now bloomed again, and
Mr. Wellesley has forwarded one of the flowers. It can only be compared
with Lezlio-cattleya x Gottoiana, and as Cattleya Warneri is the only
species growing with L. tenebrosa that could prodvce such a hybrid there
can be little doubt that it is a form of that natural hybrid. It differs chiefly
from the typical form in having a pair of large white blotches deep in the
throat, the two being separated by about five narrow purple lines running
down the disc. In the typical form the throat is light purple, not white,
but, as is usual with hybrids, there is a certain amount of variation, and it
may be added that the form raised artificially by Mr. Douglas is con-
siderably lighter in colour than the wild original. It is a handsome
thing. R. A. RoLre.
ODONTOGLOSSUMS IN LEAF-COMPOST.
I FInp that the flowers of Odontoglossums grown in oak leaves and sphagnum
wither, when cut, much more quickly than do the flowers of Odontoglossums
grown in fibrous peats and sphagnum. Might I ask if any of your
numerous readers have an experience similar to mine.
Worthing. C. B. Lucre-SMitu.

I20 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [ApRIL, 1906

ODONTOGLOSSUM x STEWARTIANUM.

A FLOWER and photograph ofa very beautiful hybrid Odontog lossum has
been sent to us from the collection of Robert Stewart,

q., of Glasgow,
and the latter is reproduced in the annexed figure. Mr. Stewart writes :—
“‘The seed-bearing plant, Odontoglossum xX Andersonianum magnificum,
was fertilised in June, 1900, with pollen of O. crispum heliotropium. The
seed was sown on July 26th, rgor, but germination did not take place very

readily, with the result that only three or four plants were ultimately sa

There were seven buds on the spike of the seediing, but only four were

Fig. 14. OpdontoGLtossum xX STEWARTIANUM.

allowed to develop. It flowered March 1st, 1906.” It will be seen that
the hybrid has retained a good deal of the characteristic Andersonianum
shape, but the segments are broader than in most forms of that hybrid.
The ground colour is cream white, prettily suffused with rosy purple, and
the blotches, which < :
half of the sepals and

rer large and regularly disposed on the lo

etals, are warm red-brown, while a couple of othe
appear on the rather broad lip, in front of the crest. - The flower is most
rable with a good O. x Andersonianum Ruckerianum. It is a bright
y attractive hybrid, and is speci lly interesting as a secondary hy brid
of known origin in the O. x Andersonianum group. It may be remembe red

APRIL, 1906.) THE ORCHID REVIEW. 121

that O. x Fascinator (O.R., xiii., pp. 201, 202, fig. 43) bears a precisely
similar relation to O. X Adriane.

It affords curious matter for speculation as to what this plant would
have been called had it appeared in an importation of O. crispum. Some
would probably have regarded it as a spotted crispum, and others a good
form of O. x Andersonianum, for the limits of the two are not well defined.
It is doubtful if anyone would have guessed its exact parentage, though
with the record it is easy to trace the resemblances to the two parents. It
will be interesting to match it or to find the nearest approach to it among

|
go absence ne CRISPUM HELIOTROPIUM.
=

importations of O. crispum, for it has long been suspected that certain
‘spotted crispums”’ were of hybrid origin, and the extreme polymorphism
of O. x Andersonianum has been equally puzzling. The production of
secondary hybrids of known origin should throw a flood of light on this ques-
tion, and we hope to see what the other seedlings are like when they flower.

It may be interesting to give an illustration of the pollen parent, O.
crispum heliotropium (Fig. 14) for comparison. This, it may be remem-
bered, is a plant from the collection of R. Brooman White, Esq., of
Arddarroch, N.B., which received a First-class Certificate from the R.H.S.
in April, 1897. The ground colour of the flower is bright lilac-rose, and the
spots red-brown.

122 THE ORCHID REVIEW. (APRIL, 1906,

Mr. Stewart also sends a painting of another seedling flowered last year,
under the name of Mrs. Robert Stewart. It is a cross between O. X
Adriane and O,. crispum Jeanette, and thus is a form of O. x Fascinator,
which may be called var. Mrs. Robert Stewart. It has broad, cream-white
segments, slightly flushed with rose, and blotched with red-brown, most of
the blotches being near the centre of the segments and thus forming an
irregular zone. It bears a strong resemblance to a fine form of O. X
Adriane.

ORCHID BEETLES.

THE Coleopterous parasites of Orchids are not numerous, and although they

have been known for many years they are none the less dangerous enemies.
All are of exotic origin.

The one first described was a Longicorn beetle, Diaxenes Dendrobii,
found about 1894 in houses containing Dendrobium nobile, with which it
had been imported. Its relatively large size renders its capture easy, in
spite of its nocturnal habits. It has not been seen in houses now for several
years, and is a rarity in Entomological collections.

Xyleborus morigerus belongs to the Bostrichides or wood-borers, and
though much smaller in size than the Diaxenes, it is much more dangerous:
It was found for the first time in London on some Dendrobium Phalznopsis
imported from New Guinea, and was described in 1894 by Mr. Blandford.
At Marseilles, in 1896, I found examples of the same species. The
specimens which I sent to Dr. Chobaut, of Avignon, were the object of am
" interesting study, from which I have taken the following information. The
female attacks the pseudobulbs, making a tunnel perpendicular to the ane
She lays her eggs in the centre of the pseudobulbs and then dies, sealing
up the tunnel with her corpse. The imprisoned grubs hollow out a sort of
small chamber, the walls of which become blackened ; in this chamber they
change to the chrysalis stage, and from it they emerge when reaching the
perfect state. “The male’and fémale are so dissimilar that at first one may
easily mistake them for two distinct species. The female is reddish brows

and 1°3 millimetres in length. he male is of a yellowish colour, and only.

0°6 millimetres in length. The generations of this insect succeed one
another with such rapidity that it can do considerable damage. Moreovel
as I have noticed at Marseilles, it does not hesitate, if need arises, to attack
the pseudobulbs of Lelias and Cattleyas. A plan i des
for destroying this insect is to eject carbon disulphide with a hypodermie
syringe into the tunnels hollowed out by it. This delicate method does
not give very good results, and in my opinion the best method is to cut
away the affected pseudobulbs.

In 1898, some Phalzenopsis imported by M. Langlassé brought with

rec

ee ee en ae me

APRIL, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 123

them a new enemy no less dangerous ; this was a beetle belonging to the
genus Apotomorrhinus, of which there were only four species known at
* this time, two inhabiting Ceylon, one Pondicherry, in India, and one
Manila. It was shown to me for the first time by M. Couston, a nursery-
man, of Marseilles, who had bought the greater part of M. Lunglassé’s
importation. I succeeded in capturing two of these insects at his place in
April, 1898. In September of the same year I found one in my glasshouse
on a Phalenopsis amabilis from the same source. It is probably a new
species. The insect can easily be recognised by its proboscis. It is from
three to four millimetres in length, of a blackish-brown colour, and its
habits are nocturnal. Its grubs live in the collar of the Phalenopsis, while
the adult gnaws the leaves and the flower spike. Since it multiplies very
rapidly, it can do much damage. At M. Couston’s place I have verified
that it also attacks Selenipediums, for S. X Sedeni and S. x grande had
their leaves eaten by the Apotomorrhinus.

Shortly after this time I received direct from a grower in Singapore
some Phalenopsis Aphrodite and Schilleriana. On examining them, I
found in the centre of a P. Aphrodite another Apotomorrhinus, but of a
different species. It was smaller in size, and its wing-cases had spots of a
yellowish-white. Its habits are probably the same as those of the preceding
species.

Lastly, in February of this year, I received from my friend, M. Maron,
the well-known nurseryman, an example of another Apotomorrhinus,
which had been sent to Marienfelde by M. René Gaveau, who gave the
following information concerning it :—‘‘ This insect was introduced with
some Phalzenopsis amabilis var. Rimestdiana, and we have killed hundreds of
them. It generally gets into the sphagnum between the roots of the plant ; it
comes out at night, and attacks, for preference, the young leaves and the
flower spikes. When a young leaf is attacked, in contact with moisture it
rapidly decays. If it isa flower spike which is attacked, the buds quickly
turn yellow and drop off. The grub attacks only the collar of the plant,
which it sometimes manages to ee cut = ” This insect has been
described under the name Ap While bli
very much that found in M. Langlesse’s se it differs from it in
the spotting of the wing-cases.

To be free from this insect, in the first place, never introduce a
Phalznopsis into your house before carefully examining the leaves and the
collar of the plant. Then, ifan established Phalenopsis is noticed with its
leaves eaten, the sphagnum should be searched for the insects. It should
be remembered that in default of Phalznopsis the insect can live on
Selenipediums and probably other tender-leaved Orchids.

At present the only Orchids known to introduce these Orchid beetles

124 THE ORCHID REVIEW. {APRIL, 1906.

are Dendrobium nobile and the three species of Phalanopsis mentioned,

but the importations should be watched, and the insects destroyed before

they have a chance to establish themselves. F. Denis.
Balaruc les Bains.

OBITUARY.

Count Kercuove.—It is with great regret that we hear of the death of
the well-known and highly-esteemed President of the Société Royale
d’Agriculture et de Botanique de Gand, Comte Oswald de Kerchove de
Denterghem, which took place on March 2oth last, after an illness of about
three weeks duration. A sympathetic notice appears in the Gardeners
Chronicle. The deceased gentleman was well-known to Orchidists through
his writings, including his well-known work, Le Livres de Orchidées, —
published in 1894, and reviewed at pp. 267, 268, of our second volume—and
also in connection with the Ghent Quinquennial Shows, over which he
presided with such conspicuous ability. He was born on April 1st, 1844,
and thus was in his 62nd year.

: H. M. Potretr.—Another well-known Orchidist passed away om
~ March zoth, in the person of Mr. H. M. Pollett, who died at his residence,
Fernside, Buckley, in his 78th year. Mr. Pollett was for a long period an
enthusiastic cultivator of Orchids, though his collection was for the most
part disposed of in 1891 and 1893, the sale catalogues being illustrated by a
Series of coloured plates (see O.R., ii. pp. 201, 204). As recently as last
year he was a member of the R.H.S. Orchid Committee. He was well
known as a printer of horticultural catalogues and other documents. His
name is 1 in Odontogl Oncidium, and Cypripedium, all
of which include hybrids under the specific name of Pollettianum.

UNUSUAL FLOWERING OF CCELOGYNE CRISTATA.
A cuRIOUS circumstance is recorded by Mr. Fred. Crittenden in a recent
issue of the Gardeners’ Chronicle. He remarks:—‘‘1 have just had the
opportunity of seeing a fine plant of Ccelogyne cristata, and another of
€. cristata var. Lemoniana, cultivated at Broomfield Lodge, Chelmsford, by
Mr. Pragnell, which are now in magnificent flower for the third timé within
thirteen months. The plants, which were originally in the possession of

Mr. Warner, haye been grown at the cool end of a stove for some yea!

being removed to the house when in flower and kept slightly dry for a short
time of rest. Last March they bloomed profusely, again in the autumn
last year, and are now a third time covered with fine flowers.” The wilt
concludes by asking if any one else has noted a similar occurrence, and
so under what conditions ?

APRIL, 1906] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 125

PAPHIOPEDILUM MASTERSIANUM.
In the last number of the Orchid Review you discuss the habitat o.
Paphiopedilum M i I remember receiving the plants of this
species when at Mr. Bull’s. They came in a Wardian case from the
Botanic Gardens, Buitenzorg, Java, hence it was assumed that they were
Javanese. If I remember rightly, the Buitenzorg authorities did not know
the habitat. We were a long time before we could find this plant, but
ultimately Micholitz found it in Amboina, and we received here a very fine
importation.
St. Albans. JosEpH GoDSEFF.

NOMENCLATURE OF HYBRIDS.

We are glad to see an increasing feeling in favour of regarding all hybrids
between the same two species as forms of one, though at times some rather
knotty points are involved. For example, on February 22nd last a First-
class Certificate was given to a handsome hybrid between C. Lawrenceanum
and C. callosum Sanderz, under the name of C. x Amy Leemann, and a
discussion arose as to whether it ought not to be considered as a form of C.
X Maudie, which was derived from the same two species. Objection was
taken to this course on the ground that the latter was an albino, derived
from two albino parents. The problem was submitted to us, and we
suggested that both coloured and albino hybrids between the same two
species were forms of one, for which the original name was C. X Maudie,
and although the hybrid between the coloured types had not been recorded
its appearance might be expected at any time, and in onr opinion would
have to bear the same specific name. It would then be a very nice ques-
tion whether this or the original C. X Maudiz was the type. Mr. Harry
Thorpe, of Boothroyden, Middleton, now writes:—‘“I submitted your
letter to our Committee, as promised, and proposed that the hybrid should
be recorded in our books as C. X Maudiz var. Amy Leemann, and that in
future the specific name first registered should be adopted before the
varietal name. This was duly seconded, and after considerable discussion
carried by a large majority, and is thus recorded in our Minutes. The
colour of C. X Maudiz var. Amy Leemann is very slightly modified from
the Lawrenceanum type, the albino having had very little effect on it ; still,
you could discern its influence to some extent. Mr. Keeling, of Bradford,
Yorks., has a plant of his own raising between the coloured types of the
two species. It flowered last year for the first time. You may imagine
the colouring, but he describes it as larger in all its parts than the albino
Maudie. It is again showing for flower, and he will show it shortly at one
of our meetings.” We should like to see the flower.

126 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [APRIL 1906

ORCHIDS IN SEASON.

SEVERAL beautiful flowers are sent from the collection of R. le Doux, Esq, —
— ay, jes cig by Mr. Davenport. There are three forms of —
the variety marlfieldiense having a large flower,

ae re; petals broad and much blotched with brown. A second is typical
in size, but most of the spots on the petals are confluent into one. The
others are a good dark O. triumphans, the chaste Dendrobium x Apollo
album, D. x Ainsworthii amcenum, a beautiful white form having a very
large feathered blotch on the lip, D. x A. splendidissimum, and three very
distinct forms of D. nobile, namely, the pure white D. n. album, D.n.
Balliz, having the disc of the lip pink, and a curious form with a large
maroon-purple blotch on the inner halves of the lateral sepals, as in D. n
burfordiense. This is said to have been purchased as a seedling from
D. n. nobilius X D. n. Cooksonianum, a point which we should like to have
confirmed, as it would be very curious to find that the blotch on the petals
of D. n. Cooksonianum could be transferred to the sepals in this way. The
plant is said to be very small at present.

Two racemes of the pretty little Calanthe rubens are sent from the
collection of Mrs. Fielden, Grimston Park, Tadcaster, by Mr. Clayton, who
remarks that they were sent home from the Federated Malay States. It is
like a miniature edition of C. vestita, and the flowers in this case are light
pink, with a darker crimson eye. The species is known to vary from pure
white to rosy crimson.

A number of beautiful Orchids are sent from the collection of J. J:

Neale, Esq., of Penarth. First must be mentioned a beautiful inflorescence —

of Oncidium Cebolleta with six side branches and an aggregate of over
fifty bright yellow flowers spotted with red-brown on the sepals and petals.
Mr. Haddon remarks that the plant is grown in a basket suspended from
the roof of the Warm house, and looks quite a picture with its pendulous
leaves and six Bp — There is also a five-branched inflorescence

of Epidend , and flowers of the beautiful Cattley#
Lueddemanniana, a fine C, _Triane from a small imported plant, C- T.
delicata, and Lelia cinnab L. harpophylla, and L. Jongheana. The

Odontoglossums, Mr. Haddon nate, are now making a nice show, am
he sends a spike of the pretty little O. pulchellum, with single flowers of O.

‘Halli, sceptrum, luteopurpureum, X Adriane, Xx Coradinei, Pescatorel,

cirrhosum, Rossii, Cervantesii, crispum, cordatum, maculatum, light and
dark forms of O. triumphans, and two forms of O. x Andersonianum, forming
a very amy 3 series. Dendrobium is 1 by D. nobile, aureum,
x Ai } Al wy ad D. inode Barberianum-
The remaditig paiae are " Masdevallia caudata, M. Troglodytes, M.

j

APRIL, 1906.| THE ORCHID REVIEW. 127

radiosa, Rodriguezia secunda, Cymbidium pendulum, and Pleurothallis
elachopus, one of the smaller species of the genus.

Two beautiful natural hybrid Odontoglossums are sent from the
collection of W. J. Armstrong, Esq., Low Wood Hall, Nether Wasdale,
Cumberland, namely O. x Wilckeanum, a fairly typical form, and a very
fine O, X Adrian, with broad segments and more of the crispum shape
than usual. The ground colour is cream yellow, and the spots are some-
what aggregated towards the centre. They came out of an importa-
tion by M. Fl. Claes, of Brussels, and the circumstance suggests the
possibility of the appearance of a hybrid between O. luteopurpureum and
O. Hunnewellianum, which we have more than once suspected. Perhaps
M. Claes can tell us if his plants came from a single district or not.

NOTES.

Two meetings of the R.H.S. will be held at the Royal Horticultural Hall,
Vincent Square, Westminster, during April, on the 3rd and 17th, when the
Orchid Committee will meet at the usual hour, 12 o’clock noon. The
subjects chosen for the special competition on these dates are:—April 3rd,
Cymbidium and its hybrids; and Masdevallia and its hybrids; April 17th,
Odontoglossum crispum, Pescatorei and triumphans, spotted and unspotted,
with their hybrids. This should bring together an interesting display.

The Manchester and North of England Orchid Society will hold
meetings at the Coal Exchange, Manchester, on April 5th and 26th. The
Committee meets at noon, and the exhibits are open to sn ey from
1 to 3 o'clock.

A new horticultural sauna has just made its appearance, entitled the
Irish Gardener. The first issue (March) contains an interesting account of
the Royal Botanical Gardens, Glasnevin, with an illustration showing a
corner in one of the Orchid Houses, and a portrait of the genial Curator,
Mr. F. W. Moore, A.L.S.

The Spring number of the Journal of Horticulture (March 8th) contains
an article entitled ‘‘ The Orchid Revolution,” by Mr. R. A. Rolfe, which is
continued and concluded in the issue for March 22nd.

ORCHID PORTRAITS.
AR: THE Rolfe.—Bot. Mag., t. 8062.
CALANTHE X BrvAN.—Garden, 1906, i. p. 172, with fig.
CaLantHe X VeErIrcHn (at Fulshaw Hall, Cheshire.)—Journ. Hort.,
1906, i. p. 177, with fig.

128 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [ApRIt, 1906,

CaTTLeya X Octave Doin.—Journ. Hort., 1906, i. p. 201, with fig.
CypRIPEDIUM BoXxALLI NIGRESCENS.—Gard. Alb., i. p. 39, with fig.
DENDROBIUM X CuRTISII.—Garden, 1906, i. p. 145, with fig.
DENDROBIUM NOBILE (with 1,172 flowers).—Journ. Hort., 1906, i, pau
273, with fig.
DENDROBIUM NOBILE ALBUM.—Garden, 1906, i. p. 160, with fig.
L&LIA ANCEPS SCHR@DERIANA.—Garden, 1906, i. p. 188, with fig.
Lauia X Nemesis TRING Park vAR.—Gard. Chron., 1906, i. Pi
131, fig. 51.

with figs. ; Gard. Chron., 1906, i. pp. 200, 201, fig. oe, and cogae tf
ODONTOGLossUM cRISPUM PiTTIANUM.—Gard. Chron., 1906, i. pp. 196, :
197, fig. 75 ; Gard. Mag., 1906, p. 212, with fig. i
OponToGLossuM X FowLEeRIanuM.—Gard. Mag., 1906, pp. 180, 181,
with fig. ; Garden, 1906, i. p. 173, with fig. :
ODONTOGLOSSUM xX LaMBEAUIANUM.—Journ. Hort. 1906, i.-p-
with fig.
ODonTOGLossUM X SITHII.—Gartenwelt, 1906, p. 260, with fig.
PHALENOPSIS GLORIOSA.—Gard. Alb., i: p."40,'t.r1. ‘
PLEIONE YUNNANENSIS, Rolfe.—Journ. Hort., 1906, i. p. 251, with fig. —
SOPHROCATTLEYA x Doris.—Gard. Mag., 1906, p. 209, with fig.

; CORRESPONDENCE.

(Correspondents not answered here may find replies to their queries on other pages, and in i
cases, for varigus reasons, they may have to stand over for a future issue. Tn the case of Aybei
seedlings sent for name, the parentaye and history should always be briefy stated, for without thet
details we are not always able to deal with them satisfactorily.)

W.M. A. Acanthophippium sythetense.
E.A. Schomburgkia undulata.
r E:
Hybrid No.7. We have norecord of a hybrid between Lelia purpurata and L. foreg
x Odontoglossum apterum, better known under its later name of O. nebulosw
We cannot see why the flowers failed to open well, unless it was a touch of fag. Tt seem
to be agreed that Odontoglossum seed is best sown on the compost of the plants tht
selves, care being taken to Breen it from. Secoming dry ..
Received with thanks. New List of Orchid Hybrids, by Messrs. Sander and Sons
St. Albans.
M. J.P. We will try ai next month.
F. D., and others. Flow Bods received, but notes are unavoidably held
Three articles i in type are also onic out, but wi il appear in our next issue.
oes st received, with thanks. G. 1. A., R. S. i.
We have received from the Agricultural and Horticultural Association, Ltd., 925 Long
AdWwee the following “One and All” Ha: ndbooks :—The culture of Sweet Peas,
Richard Pr R at i Perennials, by T. W. Saanders, FL:
Vegetable: pay Horace J Wright, F.R-H.S., and Salads, by the same author. The}
practical little Sesakip well illustrated, and are sold at the low price of one penny each.

over

Subscriptions for 1906 are now due,

Voi. XIV.) MAY, 1906. [No. t6r.

e ‘THE

ORCHID REVIEW:

Bin Fllustrated Monthly Journal of Orehidology.

Contents.

' PAGE
Books, Reviews of ... bs aclio-cestioya x Zoroaster .. soe” 135
Hortus Veite hii No ie

rchis ‘ ie 58 Giotieibieaih c rispum Queen “of the
Sander’s Or chid G suide 08 I | Earth (Fig. 17) Ae +f
Br assocattle < Orpheus Odontoglossum House, the. Tdeal 1“ 12
2 ra noes for t May. Odontoglossum x Huc dson. oh rae
a Orchid Portaits eat 159
Orchids at Clare Lawn 133
y Ansoni F ig. 18) Orchids in season + 556
Cymbidium Huttoni (Fig. 19) Paphiopedilum x Imogene (Fi ig 190
Dendrobium lasioglossu Propagation of Phalznopsis aan ‘108 155

Societies 144
Manchester & North of E England ‘Orchid 150
Royal Horticultural 144

Fungus Co-operation in ( rchid roots

Brassocattleya X Mrs. F rancis W Wellesley
Lelio-cattleya x Denisii 135

PRICE SIXPENCE MONTHLY. Posr Frer 7/- per ANNUM—SEE OVERLEAR.

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SCALE OF remmaraeios FOR ADVERTISEMENTS.
s. a

234

Five lines oe under in column . E 2 6] Half column or quarter p~ ce .. O 120

Per line afte: e . O O 6 |} One column or half page ae

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arter column or eighth 70

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OFFER ENGLISH SAVED SEED

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Scufs : : p segue of
Full particulars and illustration of this Herbaceous Plant and cultural notes in the

‘The Gardeners’ Chronicle,"’ October 1, 1904, p. 240.

ROYAL EXOTIC NURSERY, cuetseAa, LOND0"

WITHOUT THE SLIGHTEST RESERVE.
SE

THE “WESTFIELD” COLLECTION OF ORCHIDS

Highly Important Sale of DUPLICATE PLANTS from the collection of FRANCIS WELLESLEY tae ae
Woking, who holds the entire stock of twenty-four FC. c. A.M. varieties which aa be offes

All are in fine condition, and no plai has ever been parted with, sold, or
exchanged from the Woad Collection since its inception.

Messrs. PROTHEROE & MORRIS

Are favoured with instructions from FRANCIS W ELLESLEY, Esoq.,
TO SELL BY AUCTION AT THEIR ROOMS,

67 AND. 68, CHEAPSIDE, LONDON,-E.C.,
On Wednesday, May 30th, at 2.30 o'clock.

A Rare and Valuable Selection of Duplicates, amonget which are :—
Cypripedium A de : Lninesse, Latham’s Var., A.M., Cattleya Mossi alba, Miss E rea

»» Portia, Tunstill’s variety, 4 R.H.S.
| =
| ” ea ae de B. eine A.M.,

4 Schroder punctatum
10 nee

1.S. | ” acini alba, ‘ete variety.

nur
wae “Weatfeld variety, A.M., R.H.S. ;
Godefroy citrinum, A.M., R.H.S.

ceanum Hackbridgense, A-M.,

» Prince of Wales, F.C.C., R.H.S.
Westfield variety, A.M.,
AWYe

i alba Yom! x
Lanrenceann _Hyesnum, Jules Hye’s Tha fond a staat A .M., R-H S.
original v » Par ~—e ane: F ne R.HLS.

Lawrenceanum, Linden’ s variety, A M. v» anceps A
RES. ark

Memoria Jerninghamix, A.M., R.I.S. |

anceps Chamberlainiana, F.C.C., R.H.S.
Mrs. William Mostyn, F.C.C., R-H.

C.,
anaes F.C.C., R.H.S.

Priam, variety Leuchas . |» 5» Mrs. de B. Crawshay, A.M., R.H.S.
Thalia, Mrs. Francis Wellesley, F.C.C. ae, a aaa pepe A RLS.
R.H.S Waddoniensis, F.C.C , R.H.S.

Thalia, giganteum, A.M., R.H.S.

ie ii! C attleye “eal 8: =p
Rubescens Mart A.M., R. HAS.

Chatessort’s variety,

Ville de Paris, A-M., R.HS. Fr Gottoiana, Ox i Deedes, AM.,
villosum Othe Premier,” A.M., R.H.:
ILILS. ” Helena, Ww estfield variety, A.M,
vexillarium Rex. R.H.5
Westfieldense, A.M , R.H.S. Wellsiana iaptiticks A.M., R.ILS
Cattleya labiata, Mrs. Francis Wellesley, AM., Osh crispum veserasn
R.HLS. Venus,
% Lady Ingram, Westfield variety, F.C.C., s; Loochristiens
: Senay A
” sic Ww. estfield variety, A.M., R.H.S. Sophro-Cattleya Saxa, A.M., J

The Plants may be seen, and eee of nearly the whole of the varieties will be
‘w the morning of the Sale.
All Plants in this Sale are the ae of FRANCIS WELLESLEY, Esq., and no lots from any
other source cau be included.

RE-INTRODUGTION GF THE MARVELLOUS

CATTLEYA LAWRENCEANA

The Finest of all Cattleyas, and the

most difficult Orchid to collect.

It_has_ not been imported
ee tcl
for_the last 16 years...
——

Zygopetalum costratum. Zygopetaium Burkei. Cypripedium Lindleyanum.

For Prices and Particulars app

THEODORE PRUWELS,

ORCHID VILLA NURSERY, MEIRELBEKE STATION, Near GHENT (BELGIUM).

Telegraphic Address; “VANDA. MEJRELBEKE.

:

|

i

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LATH
ROLLER BLINDS

Are indispensable for the successful culture of Orchids

WALTERS & CO.,

Orchid Basket, and Lath Roller
Blind Makers,

{6 WATER LANE, GREAT TOWER STREET,

ARMSTRONG & BROWN,

CHID RAISERS, IMPORTERS,
AND GROWERS.

Raising Hybrid Orchids a Speciality.

“ ORCHIDHURST,”
Sandhurst Park, Tunbridge Wells,
KENT.

Buy First Hand; buy from the Raiser
A Vicorous, CLEAN, H¥ALTHY Stock TO SELECT FROM

INSPECTION INVITED.

ORCHID PANS of superior quality.

ORCHID PANS for suspending.

ORCHID PANS with perforated sides,

SEEDLING POTS, all sizes in stock from
one inch, as supplied to the Leading
Growers.

THREE SILVER MEDALS R.H.S. awarded

our ORCHID POTTERY.
— SAMPLES and LISTS FREE. —

D. DOWEL & SON,

RAVENSCOURT AVENUE,
HAMMERSMITH, w.

a

: inches
NOPSIS East Java var, Flowers 3 os 7 ‘
la t flowered form of the amabilis 5}

Oss
? s, 61
Two good leaves, 5 to 6 inches, two good a }
‘Three good leaves, 410
Few dozen very fine specimen plants, 3 408 ©
6,8 te 10 inch, Some 4 and 6 leave be
cn 200 small established er ;
" lant 4
leaves 3 to 4 inches, per hundred, 125/- About eal t
offer altogether, Prices on application, er willex :
for other Orchids :
varieties East a0
ALE or will exchange, 30 good varieties FO
West Java Orchids, Vandas, Aerides, Saccola ental Plants,
Cymbidium, Phalenopsis, Phaius, etc, Ornal
Alocasia, Sauseviera, Chrysoglossum nebulosum. Z
Further particulars on application. Postage

Not AppRruss CAREFULLY —

E. CONNELL, a
ALAS BEZOCKIE, LOEMADJANG, 44

thao DORE VIEW:

Vox. XIV.] MAY, 1906. {No. 161.

THE IDEAL ODONTOGLOSSUM HOUSE,
I HAVE been asked to give some “ideas for an nideal Odontoglossum house,
including the question of position, &c.,”” and
while gladly consenting to do my best, it is in the full kapypledas that there

are many others whose success in the culture of this genus has been much
more marked than mine, and whose ideas, on that account, would be of
much more interest. I trust, however, that some of them may be
persuaded to follow up these notes with observations, so that in the end the
really best possible Odontoglossum house may be evolved.

Some years ago I wrote in the Orchid Review (vol. viii., pp. 167-169)
some incomplete notes on the construction of Orchid houses, and now,
after five years’ further experience, there does not seem much that I should
care to alter, although there are some points that might be further
emphasized,

PosiT1on.—The house should run due north and south, so that eack
side may have an equal amount of light. Probably from the time the blinds
are no longer required in the autumn until they are wanted again in the
spring the Odontoglossum benefits more from the light than it does during
the summer. These plants love a cool light; hence the direct, cool rays of
the low sun add so much to their stamina. The torrid summer sun is
not what Odontoglossums like, and the flowers are thinner in July and
August than in May, and the same might be said of the foliage. It will be
fruitless and invidious to draw comparisons between one locality and
another, as each grower must make the most of the locality in which he
finds himself, but if for any reason the Odontoglossums do not get the
benefit of the light of winter, the foliage and bulbs will not have that
russety violet look of good health, nor will the flower spikes be so strong
‘and woody, nor will the flowers be of such good substance, shape and
colour, in the spring. Apart from the question of light, many things may
militate against the production of good flowers, but, other things being
equal, the house which catches the winter light to the fullest extent will
give best results, and up to this point I think we are all agreed.

129

130 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [May, 1906.

CONSTRUCTION, ARRANGEMENT, &c.—Size must of course be largely a
consideration for the builder and his ambitions, but a very small house has
some drawbacks. ‘a none of small cubic measurement fluctuates readily
—it is too i and P to all changes of the outside

P

conditions, and when air is given in quantity the atmospheric moisture
leaves it quickly. Shading must be lowered sooner in the day ona small
house than on a large one, and kept on longer into the afternoon. So far
everything seems in favour of the large house, but the large house has
some minor drawbacks as well. Once the temperatures get low in large
houses a good long time must pass before they can be got up again, and
for careful work, such as raising sced, the small house (not too small) is
preferable, as—although it may mean a lot more attention—it can be
regulated. For growing a large quantity of stuff, one large house is better
than several small ones—if only for the reason that it will mean much less
work,

At this point we might strike out and say that there could be two ideal
Odontoglossum houses—the small one without centre staging, and the
large one with centre staging. A rational and economical width for a house
without centre staging is twelve feet outside measurement, which, after
deducting the eighteen inches taken up by the nine-inch brick sides, will
give us an interior width of ten feet six inches. Allowing a three feet wide
pathway—which is quite narrow enough—there is left a staging space of
seven feet six inches, or three feet nine inches on each side of the pathway.
The sides should be four feet high, and of brickwork to the eaves, and the
height of the house from apex to floor level eight feet. A proportionate
length for a house of this width might be 40—6o feet, but that must be
regulated by the number of plants it is intended to cultivate. A sufficient
quantity of piping for this house would be two rows on one side and three
on the other.

It is usual in Orchid houses to have a second stage underneath the one
on which the plants are standing. This serves the double purpose of
keeping the heat from the pipes from going direct up through the plants, and
holding material which will give off moisture. In all houses it is desirable
that the two stagings should be well apart, so that a free circulation of ait
may pass between the two, and I would now like to ask if some modification
of this middle staging could not take place in the case of Odontoglossums-
When it is remembered that no heat is required in the Odontoglossum
house for probably six months out of the year, and that buoyancy is evel
essential, the necessity of retaining the orthodox middle staging does
seem so absolute. I know two places where this staging has been done
away with altogether, and the plants are doing much better, they says for
it. It would probably be unwise to go as far as this, but this, I think, 16

May, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 131

the direction to keep in. In painting and overhauling our houses recently,
we had the moisture-holding stage removed from one of our Odontoglossum
houses, and, instead, placed a ‘‘break-heat ” right down on the pipes, of
just sufficient width to overlap them. The plants now dry out much more
than before, and the whole house feels atmospherically lighter.

Where large-growing Cool house Orchids are to have justice done to
them, it is really very necessary to grow them in a house of roomy
dimensions, but there are not many growers who care much for the house
with centre staging, because there is always one side being shaded. But
the large house, built at the proper elevation, and in the right position,
does Odontoglossums splendidly, and more so after they have been in
cultivation here for several years after importing, and are well furnished
with foliage, &c. The producing of large specimens is really much
encouraged when a house is at hand suitable for the purpose.

I should have hesitation in giving measurements for a large house, as
so much will depend on individual requirements, and anyone contemplating
building one would be well advised to visit an Orchid establishment of
repute, and there take measurements, effecting an alteration, or improve-
ment, where it suggested itself. It is not a good plan to trust to the horti-
cultural builder, as he has no feeling in the matter, and can only judge
things architecturally.

Houses should be fitted with top and bottom ventilators, and each
should have a tank for storing rain water.

J. M. Brack.

Streatham.

NOVELTIES.

THE first issue of the Kew Bulletin for 1906, which has just appeared, con-
tains a decade of New Orchids, which, with two exceptions, are in cul-
tivation.

PLEUROTHALLIS VENOSA, Rolfe.—A species introduced by Messrs.
Sander, with whom it flowered in October, 1890. It is allied to P.
Jamieson, Lindl., and has stems six to nine inches high, lanceolate-oblong
leaves, some five to eight inches long, and slender racemes, rather shorter
than the leaves, of numerous greenish flowers, with three dusky brown lines
on the sepals, and one on the petals.—Kew Bull., 1906, p. 30.

CrYPTOPHORANTHUS Moorel, Rolfe.—A species allied to C. hypodiscus,
Rolfe, having a dull purple perianth, about j-inch long, and undulate wings
to the ovary. It was introduced by Messrs. Hugh Low & Co., in 1884, and
flowered at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Glasnevin, in September, 1899.—
1.c., p. 30. “4

132 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [May, 1906,

Liearis Lioypu, Rolfe—A West African species, described from dried
specimens.—l.c., p. 31.

DeEnpDRoBIUM Scuinzil, Rolfe.—A species of the Cadetia group, allied
to D. lonchophyllum, Hook. f. It is a native of Sumatra, and flowered
with Dr. Hans Schinz at the Zurich Botanic Garden, in November, 1899,
The flowers are pale green, and very fugacious.—l.c., p- 31.

D H,

1, Rolfe-—A handsome species, allied to
D. atroviolaceum, Rolfe, but having acuminate sepals and petals, which are —
light green in colour and unspotted, while the lip is veined with purple in
radiating lines, and bears a large, white, shining keeled crest. It is a native
of New Guinea, and was introduced by Messrs. Sander, and flowered in
their establishment, and also in the collection of Dr. Hodgkinson, The —
Grange, Wilmslow, in December, 1899.—I.c., p- 32; Bot. Mag. t. 7,900.

DENDROBIUM Maponn#, Rolfe.—A beautiful species, allied to D. Fair-
faxii, Rolfe, but having larger white flowers with obovate petals, and some
dark violet-purple spots at the apex of the side lobes. It is a native of New
Guinea, and was introduced by Messrs. Sander, with whom it flowered in
December, 1899.—.c., p- 32.

BULBOPHYLLUM Manont, Rolfe.—A Central African species, allied to
B. aurantiacum, Hook. f., described from dried specimens collected at the
Mlanje foot-hills at 4,000 feet elevation by the late Mr. J. Mahon. —
—=I.c.5 ps 32. j

ZYGOPETALUM Batiu, Rolfe.—A species of the Zygosepalum group, —
allied to Z. rostratum, Hook. It was introduced from the province of
Pernambuco, together with Cattleya labiata, by Messrs. John Cowan & Co.
and flowered in the collection of G. S. Ball, Esq., Ashford, Wilmslow, 19
Jure, 1898. The sepals are light reddish-purple, margined with crea
white, the petals similar, but mottled near the apex, and the lip violet
purple in front, and white with purple veins and markings behind and on
the crest.—l.c., p. 33. i

PESCATOREA COCHLEARIS, Rolfe.—A handsome plant, native of theg
Andes, which flowered in the collection of Frau Ida Brandt, of Zurich, 1

part and reddish-maroon above, while the lip is white, with the crests,
tubercles, and column maroon.—1.c., p. 33 3

Coax TRIPTERUs, Rolfe.—A Brazilian Orchid, allied to C. placanthet™
Lindl., but differing in having a three-winged ovary and a broad, ‘—
callus on the lip. It flowered in the Royal Botanic Gardens, Glasnevin, 1?
June, 1896. The sepals and petals are light green, the latter densely
speckled with dark brown, and the lip yellowish white, with lines of minute
light purple dots on the fleshy dise.—I.c., Pp. 34.

May, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 133

ORCHIDS AT CLARE LAWN,

THE rich collection of Orchids at Clare Lawn, East Sheen, the residence
of Sir Frederick Wigan, Bart., always contains something of interest, and
when calling on Mr. Young the other day we observed several noteworthy
things.

In the Cool houses many good Odontoglossums were in bloom, including
nice batches of O. Rossii and O. Cerstedii, with O. Reichenheimii, O.
apterum, two good O. x elegans, O. x Wilckeanum, very good pure white
and blush forms of O. crispum, and a form of O. x Adriane much nearer O,
Hunnewellianum Ben the bac dais With them were a few bright Mas-
devallias, well-fl difl Cymbidium Devonianum
showing seven spikes, some ood Cy, peipediuas bellatulum, a good specimen
of Miltonia vexillaria with ten spikes and over fifty flowers, and the natural
hybrid zygocolax X Veitchii var. Kromeri, which recently formed the subject
of a plate in the Botanical Magazine (t. 7,980).

In other houses we noted the striking Brassia brachiata, the Annamese
Cymbidium Schroederi, a fine form of Oncidium sarcodes, a finely-flowered
D Br and Lelia Boothiana with three spikes. Mr.
Young does not regard this as difficult to flower in a light position.

A Warm house contained two plants.of the purple Vanda Parishii Mar-
riottiana in flower, with a nice batch of Cypripedium niveum, Megaclinium
falcatum, with over a dozen of its curious spikes, Spathaglottis x aureo-

VA

Vieillardii, and the handsome ‘gop XR gi showing

three spikes.

The Phalznopsis house is always a centre of attraction, and among a
lot of plants in flower we noted good examples of P. Schilleriana and
amabilis, P. sumatrana with three spikes, P. Mannii, P. fuscata, and nearly
a dozen P. Luedd i which propag itself freely from the old
flower spikes. The free-flowering and striking Zygonisia x Rolfeana was
again in flower, producing three spikes, together with Angraecum Sanderi-
anum, Miltonia Roezlii, and several good Cypripedes, the more noteworthy
being C. X Eira, C. Mastersianum with several blooms, C. x delicatulum,
a fine form of C. X Kerchoveanum called W. H. Young, and a lot of C.
barbatum and Lawrenceanum, one abnormal flower of the latter having the
sepals united, and lateral, while a single petal occurred on the opposite
side of the flower.

In a small lobby at the entrance of this house a good plant of Dendro-
bium Falconeri thrives, being syringed several times daily, and was pro-
ducing numerous spikes, while in the rock house the fine Cymbidium
x I’Ansoni was in bloom with several good C. Lowianum, and Dendro-
bium infundibulum.

134 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [May, 1906,

BRASSOCATTLEYA x ORPHEUS.

I Have been much interested in your note at p. 49 on Mr. Orpet’s
Brassocattleya X Orpheus. Some little time ago I bought a plant of this
hybrid in flower. I cannot say what sort of Trianz the parent was, but
have always supposed that it was an ordinary Triane. Be that as it may,
the result when I bought it was a flower of most ‘delicate colouring. Of
course Brassavola glauca is not a pure white, but has a kind of underlying
yellow or cream colour. This blended beautifully with the pink of the
Trianze, and produced all kinds of tenderest pinks, mauves and pale yellows,
blending with and melting into each other. The name “ Sunrise” is
already appropriated. But I cannot but think that its Godparents missed
an opportunity when they failed to name this hybrid ‘‘ Dawn.”

The plant throve with me, putting forth two bulbs in the year and
flowering upon each. Then it grew only once in the twelve months, and
the bulb was larger, but the flower was altogether different in colour. The
sepals and petals were of a pale blush, while the lip was pale yellow, rather
the colours of C. Harrisoniz.

When next it started into growth I.cut the rhizome behind the third
bulb, with the result that the leading bulb is smaller, and the flowers went
back to the original colouring, which, but that its hues are of a dead colour
and show no light in them, I should be inclined to term opalescent. From
the severed portion I have three small bulbs, one of which threw up 4
sheath and bud, which I pinched off.

The change in the colouring of the flower is coincident with the larger
bulb. This might be nothing of import: or signifi but when with
a smaller bulb it returns to the original colouring, one cannot fail to
Tecognise strong grounds for the application of the post hoc, ergo propter hoc,
argument and for considering that the type, gua colouring, of the bloom 15 —
dependent upon the strength of the bulb. Assuming that to be the cases
as the original colouring is infinitely more beautiful than when the colouts —
were distinctly separated, one must be careful not to get one’s plant too
vigorous, a contingency against which, as a rule,the orchidist has no reason ~
to guard himself or his plants. a

I should like to point out that had I sold the plant in sheath, when it
was making up its strong bulb, from a painting or description, I think that
the purchaser, when it flowered with him, would have been quite justified

in making some strong remarks as to my bona fides, although I should have
been most innocent.

] Joun Epwarps-Moss.
Thamesfield,

Henley-on-Thames,

May, 1606.} THE ORCHID REVIEW. 135

THE HYBRIDIST.

BRAssocaTTLEYA X Mrs. Francis WELLESLEY.—A large and very
handsome hybrid, bearing the above name, was exhibited at the R.H.S.
meeting on April 17th, and was awarded a First-class Certificate. It was
derived from Cattleya Lueddemanniana ? and Brassavola Digbyana 3 , and
the flower sent measures over a foot across its broadest diameter, while the
lip is 34 inches broad, and is very beautifully fringed and undulate. The
colour may be described as delicate lilac-rose, with darker veins, while the
disc is light yellow. The shape is excellent, and we believe it is the finest
Brassocattleya which has yet appeared.

L&LI0-cATYLEYA X ZOROASTER.—This is a very richly coloured hybrid
raised in the collection of Major G. L. Holford, Westonbirt, Tetbury, from
Lelia x Latona ? and L.-c. x Canhamiana Rex (the variety with pure white
sepals and petals) ¢, and is a great improvement on the seed parent, being
equally rich in colour, but larger and of better shape, especially in the lip.
Mr. Alexander states that the seed was sown on February 2oth, 1903, and
this is the first to bloom. Others, however, are approaching the flowering
stage, and some interesting results are expected from this batch of
seedlings.

BRASSOCATLELIA X BALARUCENSIS.—An interesting hybrid derived
from Lelio-cattleya X Schilleriana ¢ and Brassavola Digbyana ¢ is sent
by M. F. Denis, Balaruc les Bains, Héraulft, France. The flower most
resembles the seed parent in general shape, including its three-lobed lip, the
margin, however, being fringed as in other Digbyana hybrids. The colour
may be described as white, with some purple marbling on the sepals and
petals, more or less flushed and marbled with purple near the apex of the
segments, and a trace of light yellow on the disc. M. Denis remarks that
last year the flowers were not marbled, but the plant has recently been re-
potted.

L&LI0-cATTLEYA X DeEntst.—This is another interesting hybrid raised
by M. Denis, from Lelia X superbiens @ and Cattleya Lueddemanniana
(speciosissima) 3 , and now flowering for the first time. The scape at present
is about eighteen inches long, and carries four flowers. The hybrid bears
a iderable general bl to L.-c. X Choletiana (in which C.
Lueddemanniana is replaced by C. Mossiz), having long rose-pink sepals
and petals, and a three-lobed, rose-purple lip, with a yellow disc, from
which radiate numerous purple lines, both on the front and side lobes. M.
Denis remarks that the plant is about six years old, and we may add that
it shows the strongest possible evidence of its Lelia superbiens parentage.
It is the third hybrid from this species which has reached the flowering

stage. :

136 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [ May, 1906.

PAPHIOPEDILUM x IMOGENE,
THE annexed figure represents the prettily-spotted Paphiopedilum x
Imogene, and is reproduced from a painting in the collection of Francis
Wellesley, Esq., Westfield, Woking. It is a hybrid between P. x Arthur-
ianum ? and P. ciliolare 3, and was acquired from Messrs. Charlesworth
and Co. The dorsal sepal is spotted with reddish brown, except near the
cream yellow margin, and the petals are also similarly spotted on a lighter

Fig. 16. PApHiopepILUM xX IMOGENE.

ground, while the lip is suffused with purple-brown in front. The characters
of P. Fairrieanum are to a great extent obliterated in the flower, but
those of P. insigne and P. ciliolare are more easily traced, and there is 4
marked resemblance to the hybrid known as Sir Redvers Buller, in which
the two species last mentioned are also represented. That, however, by

larger and more copiously spotted, and of somewhat different shape to the
hybrid we are figuring.

May, 1906.) THE ORCHID REVIEW. 137

ODONTOGLOSSUM CRISPUM QUEEN OF THE EARTH.

A PHOTOGRAPH of a very handsome Odontoglossum, bearing the above
name, has been sent from the collection of De Barri Crawshay, Esq.,
Rosefield, Sevenoaks, from which the annexed figure has been prepared.
The plant was purchased at a sale at Messrs. Protheroe and Morris's
on March 23rd last, the vendor being M. Chas. Vuylsteke. Its precise
origin seems not to be known, as appears from the following note :—

“One of the most beautiful flowers, and by far the most remarkable,

Fig. 17. ODONTOGLOSSUM CRISPUM QUEEN OF THE EARTH.

was a fine purple blotched Odontoglossum sent by M. Chas. Vuylsteke,
and about which there were conflicting opinions as to whether’it was
to be considered a crispum or an ardentissimum. It had considerable
resemblance to O. X ardentissimum in the sepals and petals, but the
labellum indicated O. crispum. Sold without name or qualification, it
was acquired by De Barri Crawshay, Esq., for 300 guineas.” —Gard. Chron.,
1906, i., p. 197. Mr. Crawshay says he has a letter from M. Vuylsteke to
say that it is not an ardentissimum cross. Probably not, but we are

q
7

148 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [Mav, 1906

not satisfied that it is not a Pescatorei cross, for it seems as near to.
ardentissimum as to a spotted crispum, and although the hybrid just
named was originally exhibited, with three others, without any indication
of origin, we immediately recognised them as hybrids between O. crispum —
and O. Pescatorei (See O. R., x., p. 210.). In this case, however, we
have not seen a living flower. Mr. Crawshay describes the ground
colour as white, and the blotching rich plum purple, the exterior edges
of the blotches being a shade darker than the centre, and the markings
of the lip bright brown. The spike bore five flowers, but we have
omitted the lower one owing to considerations of size. The photograph
is by Essenhigh, Corke & Co., Sevenoaks, and Mr. Crawshay remarks
that the apical bloom is slightly exaggerated. The shape of the flower
is excellent, and whatever the origin of the plant it is a very hand-
some acquisition. It may be possible to clear up the doubtful point here- ;
after, but we cannot help repeating the remark of a correspondent who has
written to us upon this question, that we are getting too many of these
hybrid Odontoglossums of doubtful origin. | 7

CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS FOR MAY.
By J. M. Brack, STREATHAM.

Owine to the very great amount of sunshine that we have enjoyed during j
the past month or six weeks, plants that have been disturbed by repotting
have had every opportunity to re-establish themselves quickly. The large —
amount of solar heat in the houses so early in the season has given things 4
good start off, and everything seems pretty forward. It is not considered
good practice to hasten things on too much with the advent of spring, for ;
fear of forcing weak growth, but with plenty of light and the heat being
natural, there is little fear of that happening this year. In any case, nO”
reproach can be made for hastening growth this month, for now every
encouragement should be given to it. I endorse the pretty general pracy
tice of closing all ventilators, with the exception of the Odontoglossum
house, about half-past three in the afternoon, admitting again at six o'clock :
a chink of air by the bottom ventilators. Where, however, the house 5
full of bloom, the closing of it might not be permissible, and should be post-
poned until the flowering season is over. ue
Cattleyas Mossiz, Mendelii, Schreedera:, and many Leelias and hybrids»
are in bloom this month, and care must be taken not to get the blooms”
spotted with damp. Ifit is desired to keep the flowers back for any PYF
pose, it is best to group them at one end of the house, so that the syringe
can be kept off them, and they can also have special protection given them

“n

May, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 139

from the sun. As the syringe will be now in constant use, it will not be
fair to neglect a whole house because a few of the plants are in flower.

Plants that have been recently repotted will have to be watered very
carefully, for even at this season it is not difficult to make all the roots go
black. It is preferable to let the plants suffer a little from drought, which
will encourage the roots to break, and the growths will quickly make pace,
when it is safe to give good supplies of water. Syringe freely between
freshly potted plants of Cattleyas, Dendrobiums, &c., and also over head
once or twice a day according to the weather.

The top ventilators will now be called into general use on all houses,
although very sparingly on the East Indian one. If a house is devoted to
Dendrobiums alone, no top ventilation should be given during this month,
admitting air sparingly even by the bottom ones. Any Dendrobium in
flower, such as thyrsiflorum, Falconeri, Draconis, and others which flower
about this time, can be removed to the Cattleya house until the flowering is
over.

There will now be some difficulty in keeping the Odontoglossum house
cool enough to one’s liking ; if, however, lath roller blinds have been fixed
according to directions given in a recent Calendar, the advantage of their
being well away from the roof will be felt. It may soon be found neces-
sary to use a second blind on this house, to roll along the glass underneath
the top ones, particularly if the house is of small dimensions.

Potting operations will be kept going again this month. Cattleya
Dowiana aurea, C. X Hardyana, C. superba, C. Eldorado, C. Schroederz,
any belated C. Trianz, &c., will be calling for attention.

Many Phalznopsis will now be starting to make new roots, and can be
straightway furnished with new rooting material. Remove the old
material wherever possible, and work in new material, without much root
disturbance. Clean, green sphagnum moss, a small-quantity of half-decayed
leaves, and good fibrous peat, with the addition of small pieces of charcoal
and coarse silver sand, will make a suitable compost. Work the material
in tightly, and finish with living sphagnum. Close shading and careful
watering must follow.

Most Cymbidiums which require re-potting can have the operation
performed this month. As these plants are strong rooters, plenty of root-
room must be allowed. A suitable compost is one containing equal parts
of good fibrous yellow loam, fibrous peat, and leaf mould, kept open by the
addition of sand or broken crocks. Give ample drainage. The Cool house
does all the Cymbidiums that are worth growing very well, although
perhaps during their active growing season a little more closeness and
warmth during the afternoon than can be given to Odontoglossums suits
them better. They are, for the most part, of the simplest possible culture,

140 THE ORCHID REVIEW. (May, 1906,

and, where room can be spared them, the Cymbidiums are most generous -
plants to grow. Any plants at present in flower or spike must not be
disturbed, of course, until flowering is over. j
Lycaste Skinneri, &c., which require a shift, should be repotted when
the new growth is two or three inches high. The compost for Cymbidiums:
will also be found suitable for these. They are grown in the Cooi or
Intermediate house. ;
Ph 1

psis, with the variety Statterianum, D. bigibbum, q
and the aliied D. superbiens are now starting, and the present is the season ’
to re-pot them. These species do not like large receptacles, and should be
potted firmly in the compost recommended last month. They do not like
root disturbance, and are best left alone when the compost is sweet, even 4
if apparently pot-bound. D. Brymerianum can have the same treatment. D.
fimbriatum is a much stronger grower, and should have a much larger pot,
but it, too, is shy at being disturbed. :
There are a great many other Orchids which will require repotting at
this season, which it would be onerous, if not impossible, to name. a
Portinc SHED a NeceEsstry.—Every Orchid establishment of any
pretensions should have a light and commodious potting shed. i
should be so constructed that it can be kept warm in winter, and so situated a
as to be easily got at from all the houses. The practice of potting in the —
houses in which the plants are growing is, besides being slovenly, most
unfair to the operators, for men cannot work with comfort and dispatch —
under those conditions. Now that the houses are getting very hot, one —
should spend as little time in them as possible during the height of the day. —
Watering can be got over before the sun gets very high. When plants are —
in the potting shed being repotted, tying them up and cleaning them
also be performed, so that the routine work of damping, syringing,-and
ventilating should be the most that is required to be done actually in the —
houses during the hot weather. :
The potting shed should not be a place for storing away all the old
lumber that will accumulate, but a workshop in which tidiness and order
should prevail. One should make it a rule never to store away dirty pots, ;
so that clean pots may always be at hand when wanted, packed away 7
their respective sizes. This may seem a small matter, but where there ate
many thousands of plants to pot, it is only by method that the work can be
got through smoothly. It is a sad spectacle to see a man grubbing about
in a heap of dirty pots and pans of all sizes for the size wanted, which,
when found, must be washed before work can proceed,
Tue Art oF Porrinc.—Potting Orchids is not now neatly such @
serious business as it was some years ago, and, in fact, the whole ques
of growing them is now carried on with much less fuss. For every hundred

2

May, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 141

plants that a man had to look after then he will probably have a thousand
to-day, so that each plant cannot now be so long pondered over. A clear
recollection of a time I spent in the potting shed of large importers, some
eleven or twelve years ago is still with me. The method of potting was
to fill the pots three parts full of crocks, and then thump a stick through
them to support the plant; the imported Cattleya was then placed on the
crocks and fixed to the stick, and the sandy mixture of peat and a little
moss was worked in tightly. There was no half measures here; it was
tight potting without qualification. The compost was used dry, or nearly
so, and the pots were little larger than just to hold the plant. The
individual who had the supervising of this dep had a_ novel
but decidedly effective way of testing each man’s work. He took a
hold of the pot and with a quick turn of the wrist tried to shake the
plant out; if it dropped out the potting was badly done; if it
stood the test, the work had been well and truly performed. It might be
mentioned that an element of unfairness sometimes crept in here, for the
wrist did not always jerk alike. This Spartan potting is now no more, but
was it not, after all, the best method of treating imported Cattleyas and
Orchids which grow wild under similar conditions? A good deal is to be
said in its favour at any rate. There was here very little material to decay,
and what there was of it would for the most part last well; and the roots
went straight down into the crocks, without passing through a layer of
sphagnum moss. These plants could be given water freely without any
danger, and they dried out quickly, which was an enormous advantage.
Furthermore, the plant would last with this potting for two or three years,
making hard, well-ripened pseudobulbs, which yielded blooms of good
colour and substance. The fact of plants doing well for some years on
such poor fare is a kind of contradiction to the belief in rich potting
materials used in large quantities. There is but little question that hard
potting is conducive to floriferousness, and small pots and air at the root
also assist towards this end. The method of one crock at the bottom of the
pot, with a potful of close, rich material, is the farthest we can get in the
other direction. Epiphital Orchids get a plentiful supply of air at the root
at home, and we might bear this fact in our mind when potting them.

An amateur in a small way, who grows his own plants, said to me the
other day: “‘ You have no idea the difficulty an amateur like myself has in
knowing what to do for the best with his plants. You people take too
much for granted. I have had absolutely no training, and almost the first
Orchids I ever saw were my own.” The above remark was made on my
telling him that his plants were nearly all much too loosely potted, and to
describe in detail how to repot a Cattleya may be a help to many who are
likewise situated.

4
142 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [May, 1906,

In choosing a pot every regard must be paid to the size of the plant, |
and the condition in which it is in as to health and roots, and no regard —
paid to the pot in which it has been growing. Very often a plant requires
to be put into a smaller pot than the one in which it has been. If the
plant is large and well rooted a little liberality may be allowed in the size of —
the pot, but err by using a pot too small than one too large. As recom-
mended last month, fill the plant two-thirds full of rhizomes—a little less
probably if the plant is extra well rooted—-that have been chopped up into
pieces an inch or two long, first placing one large crock over the bottom of
pot. The rhizomes must be rammed tightly with the flat end of the potting
stick. Having trimmed the plant, as recently described, take it in the left
hand and select a good lump of peat with the right, which place up against
the rhizome, allowing the roots to hang round it; then lower the plant on —
to the rhizomes, working the roots round the sides of the pot and under-
neath the lump of peat. Next rama stick through to the bottom of the —
pot, and tie the plant up, so that both hands may be free to complete the work
of potting. Work with the fingers the compost in among the roots until
the centre is fairly well packed, and then fill in loosely, and work down
with the potting stick. Press the compost down the sides of the pot and
in, and don’t be afraid to press. There will be no fear of bruising a root, as
long as it is not actually squeezed with the point of the stick, and take
that risk. Finish with alternate pieces of peat and moss, working from the
centre of the pot towards the rim. When finished, the last back pseudo- :
bulb should be near the edge of the pot, the growing space being in front
of the lead, and the lead on a level with the rim of the pot. Each succeed- —
ing bulb will rise a little, so that when flowering the lead will be above. ig
one has to deal with a very small plant, use crocks instead of rhizomes, and E
if in bad health, give very little compost. ;

SuRFAcING.—In surfacing we have got to judge by the appearance
of the plant and the compost, and also the size of the pot, whether they 4
will go on another year. One can sometimes press the plant back, making
more room for the lead without further root disturbance than on one side
of the pot. The space thus made can be filled in with fresh material, and
the plant will have felt little or no check. Personally I am a very
surfacer. Starting off with the best intentions in the world, I find myself
digging deeper and deeper, until out must come the plant. This is; of
Course, a constitutional weakness on my part, and there is no doubt but that
surfacing is sometimes most useful. eo

The hot weather and the harsh dryness of the East winds are liveninS
up the insect pests, and I would refer readers to the January Calendar

directions how to deal with them. Thrips are beginning to be particularly
active.

May, 1906.) THE ORCHID REVIEW. 143

ODONTOGLOSSUM x HUDSONI.

Tue fact that Odontoglossum crispum grows in company with four other
species in the Bogota district affords an opp y for the of
ten distinct natural hybrids, and seven of these have already been
definitely recognised, five being comparatively common. An eighth can
now be added to = list. A plant has just flowered in the collection of
Leopold de Rothschild, G bury House, Acton, which Mr. Hudson
states was purchased with imported O. crispum, but on flowering it proved
totally different. The flowers are comparable with both O. gloriosum
and O. Hunnewellianum, in fact the characters of the two are com-
bined in it, giving a clear indication of its origin. The plant most
resembles O. gloriosum, and is quite distinct from O. crispum, the growth
being more erect in character. The inflorescence has eight blooms, which
have retained much of the general shape and the acuminate sepals and
petals of O. gloriosum, except in being broader. The ground colour is
light yellow, and the blotches are very numerous and dark brown, in fact
they may be described as intermediate between the two species in colour
and arrangement. The lip is distinctly pandurate, broadened above the
constriction and then acuminate, markedly crisped, light yellow, with a
whitish disc, and some red-brown blotches in front of the crest, which
latter is two-lobed, but the lobes broken up into about four teeth. The
column wings are broadly oblong, with a short oblique cirrhus in front and
a few teeth behind. It might be roughly described as most like O.
gloriosum in shape and [oy <aheamhaarpeanen’ in colour and markings. Its

is very i g. The ions between O. Hunnewell-
ianum and both O. | purp and O. Lindley should be looked
for, as it would be extremely interesting to complete the series, if these two
also occur.

R. A, ROLFE.

CATTLEYA FORGETIANA.
AT the R.H.S. meeting, held on April 3rd last, a very interesting Cattleya
was exhibited by the Marquis de Wavrin, ees te Ronsele, Ghent, under
the name of C. Forgetiana. The two-fl i has now been
forwarded through Messrs. Sander and Sons. 8 Sander writes :—‘‘ Some
four years ago I sent Forget up the St. Francisco River. He found little:
among other things, two or three plants of this Cattleya. Only this one
has flowered. I cannot make it out at all. It is not Brymeriana, and
nothing near any other Brazilian natural hybrid. It may be a species. I
think it is, in fact; of course, not good enough to collect nowadays, but I
think that the near quarters of the St. Francisco River hide many

144 THE ORCHID REVIEW. (May, 1

treasures.” The flowers sent represent a Cattleya of the labiata group,
ble with C. I in size and shape, with a quite simik
narrow, trumpet-shaped base to the lip, but differing in having a b ight
yellow throat, in which respect it recalls C. Eldorado. 7
The scape sent is six inches long, the bracts broadly triangular-ovate,
acute, and two lines long, and the pedicels 23 inches long. The sepals and
petals are bright rosy-purple, and nearly three inches long, the former
oblong-lanceolate, and eight lines broad, and the latter elliptical-oblong,
and 1} inches broad. The lip is entire, obovate-oblong, bilobed at the
apex, about as long as the other segments, and with the basal two-thirds
convolute into a narrow tube. The front lobe of the lip is rich pu
crimson, the margin of the side lobes light rosy-purple, and the disc behind
the yellow throat is striped with crimson, the lines being confluent into
deep crimson blotch at the base. The column is clavate, an inch long, the
upper half ivory white, and the base crimson, with a white line down the
back. The pollinia are four, as in Cattleya, and the affinity is unmistakab ly
with C. 1 , but the ch and geographical distributi ;
not in agreement. I have seen nothing like it before, and have little doubt
of its complete distinctness.

SOCIETIES,

ROYAL HORTICULTURAL. ‘&

A MEETING of this Society was held at the Royal Horticultural Hall,

Vincent Square, Westminster, on April 3rd, when there was a very fine

display of Orchids. The awards consisted of two First-class Certifical

six Awards of Merit, two Cultural Commendations, and eight Medals,
including one Gold Medal and the Lindley Medal.

_ Major G. L. Holford, C.IL.E., C.V.O., Westonbirt, Tetbury (gt {
Alexander), staged a magnificent group, for which the Society's GC
Medal was awarded. In the centre was a very large example ‘of
Cymbidium x eburneo-Lowianum, carrying ry spikes and 107 flowers
(Cultural Commendation), and on either side were splendid examples oF
Ada aurantiaca and the scarlet Masdevallia Veitchiana. There were 4
good examples of Cymbidium eburneum, C. Lowianum concolor, and Ge
eburneo-Lowianum var. concolor, Vanda tricolor, V. suavis, Cattleya
Empress Frederick, Heaton var., Lalio-cattleya x Dora, Weston
variety, Lelia Jongheana magnifica, a fine selection of Odontoglossut
and other good things. ; :

Sir F. Wigan, Bart., Clare Lawn, East Sheen (gr. Mr. Young); show
a fine group, to which a Silver-gilt Flora Medal was awarded. It ©
tained many varieties of Miltonia vexillaria, among which the varieties

‘a

THE

ORCHID

REVIEW

146 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [May, 1906,

of a very delicate rose-pink tint, some well-bloomed examples of Oncidium
concolor, &c. :

N. C. Cookson, Esq., Oakwood, Wylam (gr. Mr. Chapman), showed
Lalia X De Geestiana Oakwood variety, and a magnificent example of —
Phaius X Cooksoni, bearing seventeen spikes of its beautiful flowers. The —
Silver Lindley Medal was deservedly awarded in recognition of such excel- —
lent culture. :

Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., Burford (gr. Mr. White), showed two-
splendid spikes of Phalenopsis Aphrodite, taken from a specimen with
eighteen leaves, which has been in the collection twenty-three years, Den- E
drobium lasioglossum, D. amcenum, and two good plants of Masdevallia x _
igneo-Estradz, the latter gaining an Award of Merit. It is a very pretty
and floriferous hybrid raised in the collection, and is rather variable in —
colour. ;
W. A. Bilney, Esq., Fir Grange, Weybridge (gr. Mr. Whitlock), q
gained an Award of Merit for the handsome Cymbidium Lowianum, Fir
Grange var., a large and very richly-coloured form.

Francis Wellesley, Esq., Westfield, Woking (gr. Mr. Hopkins), sent
Cypripedium concolor Westfield var., a large and floriferous form, and
Lelio-cattleya x Hopkinsii (L.-c. x Pallas x L. tenebrosa), the latter
gaining an Award of Merit. This is a handsome hybrid of intermediate
character, having bright rose-purple sepals and petals with darker veining,
and the lip ruby-coloured in the centre, with a narrow lavender- coloured — 4
margin. ;

De B. Crawshay, Esq, ene alletmeny (gt. Mr. Stables), showed
the beautiful Od O. x Terpsichore ”
(Pescatorei x pcljxasthata); 0. ‘Gbisperd Queen of the Earth, a handsome -
thing which is figured at page 137, and the handsomely blotched O. & —
Lionel Crawshay. ‘

Ge side Lucas, Esq., Warnham Court, Horsham (gr. Mr. Duncan), sent
Od 1 crispum I i a prettily-spotted form.

G. F. Moore, Esq. ., Bourton-on-the-Water (gr. Mr. Page), showe
Cypripedium x Bridgei magnificum.

Col. Rogers, D.S.O., Sevenoaks (gr. Mr. Usher), sent a fine example of
Dendrobium nobile, for which a Cultural Commendation was aw: varded. 4

The Marquis de Wavrin, Chateau de Ronsele, Ghent, sent Cattley®
Forgetiana, a distinct Brazilian Cattleya, which is described on page aoe

L. G. Sutton, Esq., Reading, showed a form of Dendrobium nobile.

Messrs. Sander and Sons, St. Albans, staged a very fine group, W a
gained a Silver — — It included the handsome Miltonia 7
Bleuana, R th Pol hya bracteosa, P. Harold
Saccolabium ty several examples of Sarcochilus Hartmanni, #

a

May, 1906.]. THE ORCHID REVIEW. 147

Va ] ee |

Lelia purpurata, the handsome having the
sepals and petals heavily marked with: quocalate: -purple, and the lip bright
blue, Cochlioda rosea, Lzlio-cattleya x Ernesti, and others. A First-class
Certificate was awarded to the large and very beautiful Brassocattleya x
The Baron (B. Digbyana x C. X Lord Rothschild). It is of excellent form,
and the sepals and petals are light primrose yellow, marbled with purple,
while the lip is broad, beautifully fringed, cream white, marbled with rose-
purple between the veins, and the ‘throat primrose yellow, with an emerald
green blotch at the base. An Award of Merit was given to Cattleya Triane
var. J. Gurney Fowler, a fine form having the sepals and petals tinted with
lavender, and the lip rich purple-crimson, with a rich yellow throat.

Messrs. Charlesworth & Co., Heaton, Bradford, were awarded a Silver
Flora Medal for a fine group, composed chiefly of hybrids, and containing
Odontoglossum X excellens, O. X Othello, O. x Hallio-crispum, and
some pretty unnamed hybrids, Lelio-cattleya Xx luminosa, L.-c. xX
Wellsiana, L.-c. x Veronique, L.-c. X Henri Nemy, with handsome
orange flowers, Cattleya x Enid, C. X Empress Frederick, Brasso-
cattleya x Digbyano-Schreedere, B.-c. X Digbyano-Mendelii, B.-c. x
Queen Alexandra, and others. An Award of Merit was given to Lelio-

cattleya x illustris magnifica (L.-c. X Latona X C. Dowiana aurea), a
handsome thing, having reddish purple sepals and petals shaded with
orange, and the lip glowing ruby red, tinted with orange.

Messrs. J. Cypher & Sons, Cheltenham, obtained a Silver Flora Medal
for a handsome group, containing Dendrobium nobile Heathii and other
Dendrobes, Oncidium concolor, Selenipedium caudatum, Miltonia vexillaria,
many examples of Odontoglossum crispum, O. X loochristiense var.
Empress Frederick, a good selection of Cattleya Schroeder, and other good
things.

Messrs. Hugh Low & Co., Enfield, staged a fine group, for which a
Silver Banksian Medal was awarded. In the centre was a splendid plant
of Dendrobium Cessna bearing about 370 flowers, D. X Wiganie

hochil ie D. Findl n, D. Pierardi, and other
Dendrobes, Odontoglossum crispum Jeanette, O. c. xanthotes, Low’s
var., &c.

M. Ch. Vuylsteke, Loochristi, Ghent, sent a small group of choice
Odontoglossums, including O. X Rolfee and its beautiful variety
nigrescens, a very handsome O. L O. Wigani and
others. An Award of Merit was given to O. X percultum var. Meteor (Rolfeze
x ardentissimum), having cream-white flowers, finely blotched with purple.

Messrs. W. Bull & Sons, Chelsea, showed several fine varieties of
Odontoglossum crispum, the best being Princess Ena, having a large white
flower, very finely fringed.

148 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [May, 1906.

Mr. H. A. Tracy, Twickenham, showed a good form of Cypripedium x
- Katherine.

DIPLOMA AWARDS.
THE subjects of the special competition on this occasion were Cymbidium
and Masdevallia, species and hybrids, and the awards were as follows :—

CymBIDIUM SpEciEs.—First Diploma to C. Lowianum, Fir Grange var.,
from W. A. Bilney, Esq. Second Diploma to C. grandiflorum punctatissi-
mum, from Jeremiah Colman, Esq.

CyYMBIDIUM Hysrips.—First Diploma to C. x I’Ansoni, from Sir
Frederick Wigan, Bart. Second Diploma to C. x eburneo-Lowiantm,
from Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart.

MASDEVALLIA SPECIES.—First Diploma to Masdevallia Veitchiana
grandiflora, from Jeremiah Colman, Esq.

MaspEvaLLia Hysrips.—First Diploma to M. x Bocking Hybrid,
from Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart. Second Diploma to M. X igneo-
Estradz, from the same exhibitor.

We regret that an error crept into our report of the last meeting at
p. 112. It was a First Diploma that was awarded to Lycaste Skinneri
Beauty from the collection of J. Bradshaw, Esq. The colour should have
been described as pale pink, with a white lip, having one or two pale pink
spots on it.

At the meeting held on April 17th there was again a very fine display,
and the awards consisted of five medals, five First-class Certificates, two
Awards of Merit, one Cultural Commendation, and one Botanical Certifi-
cate.

H. T. Pitt, Esq., Rosslyn, Stamford Hill (gr. Mr. Thurgood), staged a
very fine group, to which a Silver-gilt Flora Medal was given. It con-
tained several very fine forms of Odontoglossum crispum, among which the
heavily-blotched var. F. K. Sander was conspicuous, some good O. X
Adriane, O. x Humeanum, the rare O. x Duvivierianum, O. Pescatorei,
Miltonia Roezlii, Zygopetalum x Perrenoudi, Oncidium concolor, O. leu-
cochilum, the rare Houlletia odoratissima, Coelogyne speciosa, Epidendrum
x Aspasia, Cypripedium Mastersianum, a greenish yellow form of C. X
Dauthieri, and a very striking Liparis, called L. tabularis, having a spike
of maroon flowers, with a large rounded denticulate lip.

C. J. Lucas, Esq., Warnham Court, Horsham (gr. Mr. Duncan),
received a Silver Flora Medal for a choice group, consisting mostly of
well-grown Odontoglossums, including some good forms of O. crispum,
O. ramosissimum, O. cirrhosum, O. Pescatorei, with good examples of
Cymbidium Lowianum, Cypripedium Lowii, and others,

Ae aga ae 3 os

May, 1906. | THE ORCHID REVIEW. t49

Baron Sir H. Schréder, The Dell, Egham (gr. Mr. Ballantine), sent a
small group of choice things, including the beautiful varieties of Odonto-
glossum Pescatorei called Veitchianum, Schreederianum and melano-
centrum, O. X Adriane aureum, Cattleya xX Memoria Dallemagnez var.
Alexandra, Epidendrum xX Cleon (radicans X Pseudepidendrum) and
Lelio-cattleya X callistoglossa, Dell var., the latter a particularly fine
form which received an Award of Merit.

Francis Wellesley, Esq., Westfield, Woking (gr. Mr. Hopkins), exhi-
bited Cypripedium bellatulum citrinum, a light yellow, heavily blotched
form, and Brassocattleya X Mrs. Francis Wellesley (C. Lueddemanniana
x B. Digbyana), a very large and beautiful form, to which a First-class
Certificate was awarded. It is described on page 135.

Major G. L. Holford, C.1.E., C.V.O., Westonbirt (gr. Mr. Alexander),
received an Award of Merit for Lzlio-cattleya x Baroness Schréder var.
delicata, a beautiful form, having light rose sepals and petals, and the
prettily undulate lip deeper rose, with a large orange-coloured throat. A
Cultural Commendation was given to a fine plant of Miltonia vexillaria
superba, bearing eight spikes and over fifty large magenta-rose flowers.

- H. Whateley, Esq., Kenilworth, received an Award of Merit for Odonto-
glossum crispum Whateleyz, a beautiful white flower, regularly and pro-
fusely spotted with dark purple.

Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., Burford (gr. Mr. White), received a
Botanical Certificate for a plant called Dendrobium shillongense, which is
identical with D. lasioglossum, Rchb. f.

Jeremiah Colman, Esq., Gatton Park, Reigate (gr. Mr. Bound), sent
Odontoglossum triumphans vars. aureum and latisepalum.

Norman C. Cookson, Esq., Oakwood, Wylam (gr. Mr. Chapman), sent
fine examples of the handsomely blotched Odontoglossum crispum Rossen-
dale and O. c. Frederick, the latter bearing a spike of seventeen merers: as
well as a large seed-capsule on an old spike.

De Barri Crawshay, Esq., Rosefield, Sevenoaks (gr. Mr. Stables),
showed Odontoglossum Andersonianum var. Raymond Crawshay, a heavily
spotted form, and other good things.

F. J. O. Montagu, Esq., Melton Park, Doncaster, sent a good white
form of Cattleya Schroederee, with a rose-pink marking in front of the
orange disc of the lip.

Messrs. Charlesworth and Co., Heaton, Bradford, staged a very fine
group of hybrids, to which a Silver-gilt Flora Medal was given. Among
the more noteworthy plants were the pretty little Odontioda x heaton-
ensis, Lelio-cattleya X Myra, L.-c. Xx Mercia, some good L.-c. xX callisto-
glossa, L.-c. X Wellsiana nobilior, the fine Brassocattleya x Digby-
ano-Mossiz Queen Alexandra, and other Brassavola Digbyana hybrids,

150 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [May, 1906.
Cypripedium xX Jeanette, the richly-coloured Cattleya Triane Uplands var.,
Odontoglossum X Rolfez, O. X Ossultoni, and other good things. First-
class Certificates were given to each of the two following :—Odontoglossum
x amabile John Bradshaw (crispum Calypso X Harryano-crispum) is a
very richly-coloured hybrid, having the lower two-thirds of the sepals and
petals heavily barred with claret-purple, and the rest white, tinged with
purple, the lip being white marked with purple at the base. O. X W. H.
Hatcher (X crispo-Harryanum X Pescatorei Charlesworthii) is another
beautiful hybrid of excellent shape, having a white ground colour tinged
with rose, and heavily blotched and banded with dark purple, the front of
the lip being white.

Messrs. Sander & Sons, St. Albans, received a Silver Flora Medal for a
fine group, containing some good examples of Leelio-cattleya x bletchley-
ensis, Lelia purpurata, Polystachya bracteosa, Aérides Micholitzii,
Maxillaria Sanderiana, Catasetum Lemosii, Dendrobium capillipes, some

good Lycaste Skinneri, L. Lawrenceana, Epidendrum Wallisii, Cynorchis ©

x kewensis, Galeandra lacustris, Cypripedium niveum, bellatulum, and X
Maudiz, and Oncidium x illustre, a supposed natural hybrid between O.
leucochilum and O. maculatum.

Messrs. Hugh Low & Co., Enfield, also received a Silver Flora Medal
for a fine group, containing some profusely flowered examples of Dendro-
bium Boxallii, a very fine plant of D. Pierardi, D. crassinode Barberianum,
Cymbidium Devonianum, Cattleya Schroedere, C. intermedia alba,
Masdevallia x Pourbaixii, Odontoglossum crispum, and others.

Messrs. James Veitch & Sons, Chelsea, received a First-class Certificate
for Lzlio-Brasso-Cattleya x Veitchii (Lelia purpurata X Brassocattleya
x Digbyano-Mossiz), a remarkably fine hybrid of perfect shape, with the
sepals and petals blush white, and the very broad lip rich purple in front of
the yellow throat, becoming paler at the beautifully-fringed margin.

Messrs. James Cypher & Sons, Cheltenham, sent three fine forms of
Miltonia vexillaria, differing in colour, and Cattleya Mendelii Duchess of
York, a pretty white form, suffused with pink in front of the light yellow
disc of the lip.

M. Ch. Vuylsteke, Loochristi, Ghent, sent a small group of choice
Odontoglossums, including a fine O. x Lawrenceanum, O. x amabile, O.
x percultum, O. x ardentissimum, O. x excellens, and O. crispum
spectatum, a finely blotched form.

DIPLOMA AWARDS.

The subjects of the special competition on this occasion were
Odontoglossum crispum, Pescatorei, triumphans, and their hybrids, and the
awards were as follows :—

O. X CRISPUM (UNSPOTTED).—First Diploma to O. c. Venus, from De B.

‘2,
SSE ee a ee ee

9, Nima 89) a

May, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 151

Crawshay, Esq. Second Diploma to O. c. Lady Buchan, from the same
exhibitor.

O. CRISPUM (SPOTTED).—First Diploma to O. c. Rossendale, from
Norman C. Cookson, Esq., and J. Wilson Potter, Esq. Second Diploma to
O.c. Jeanette, from J. Wilson Potter, Esq.

O. PrEscATOREI.—Second Diploma to O. P. Schreederianum, from
Baron Sir H. Schréder.

O. TRIUMPHANS.—First Diploma to O. triumphans Lionel Crawshay,
from De B. Crawshay, Esq.

O. HyBRIps.—First Diploma to O. X Adrianze aureum, from Baron Sir
H. Schréder.

A series of over two hundred of the Society’s paintings of Certificated
Odontoglossums was exhibited, forming a very fine display.

MANCHESTER AND NORTH OF ENGLAND ORCHID.
A MEETING of this Society was held at the Coal Exchange, Manchester, on
March 22nd last, when there was a rather small display.

Philip Smith, Esq., Haddon House, Ashton-on-Mersey (gr. Mr.
Kitchen), staged a good group, chiefly of Dendrobiums, which received a
Silver Medal, and an Award of Merit was given to Léeelio-cattleya Xx
Cappei, Smith’s var.

Dr. E. Roberts, Hale, also gained a Silver Medal for a good group,
including some choice forms, one being a seedling of unknown parentage
to which an Award of Merit was given.

Messrs. J. W. Moore, Ltd., Bradford, also sent a small group, including
Dendrobium x Ainsworthii auriferum, a distinct yellow form, which
obtained a First-class Certificate, and Lelio-cattleya xX Oricus, which
gained an Award of Merit.

Groups were also sent by Messrs. A. J. Keeling & Sons, Bradford, and
Mr. S. Allen, Sale.

Ar the meeting held on April 5th there was a fair display of Orchids, and
the awards consisted of five Medals and six Certificates of various kinds.

R. le Doux, Esq., West Derby (gr. Mr. Davenport), staged a fine group
of about twenty specimen plants, including Odontoglossums, Dendrobiums,
Oncidiums, and Lycastes, to which a Silver-gilt Medal was given. The
most remarkable plant was a well-grown Dendrobium Brymerianum, full
of bloom, to which a Cultural Certificate was given.

Philip Smith, Esq., Ashton-on-Mersey (gr. Mr. Kitchen), also sent a
good group of Dendrobiums and other Orchids, to which a Silver Medal
was given.

S. Gratrix, Esq., Whalley Range (gr. Mr. Cypher), sent four good

152 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [May, 1906.
Odontoglossums, gaining Awards of Merit for O. X ardentissimum var.
Princess Ena and O. crispum Starlight Gratrix’s var.

E. Mitchell, Esq., received an Award of Merit for Dendrobium x
Cybele Mitchell’s var.

E. Ashworth, Esq., Harefield Hall, Wilmslow (gr. Mr. Holbrook),
exhibited Lelia xX purpurato-Digbyana Harefield Hall var.

Messrs. James Cypher & Son, Cheltenham, sent a very fine group, to
which a Silver Medal was given, together with an Award of Merit for
Cattleya Trianz var. Juno.

Messrs. J. W. Moore, Ltd., Bradford, were awarded a Bronze Medal for
an interesting group, containing some good Odontoglossums, and a First-
class Certificate for Cypripedium x Bridgesii magnificum, a very fine form.

Messrs. A. J. Keeling & Sons, Bradford, were accorded a Vote of
Thanks for a small group of miscellaneous Orchids.

Messrs. Hugh Low & Co., Enfield, sent Odontoglossum crispum
Jeanette and O. c. xanthotes Low’s var.

DENDROBIUM LASIOGLOSSUM.

AT the R.H.S. meeting held on April 3rd last, an Orchid was exhibited
from the collection of Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., under the name of
Dendrobium shillongense. On April 17th it appeared again, and was
awarded a Botanical Certificate. The Gardeners’ Chronicle for April 21st °
(p. 254) speaks of the name as “verified at Kew,” but this has arisen from
some mistake, for the plant was immediately recognised as the long-lost
Dendrobium lasioglossum, Rchb. f. (Gard. Chron., 1868, p. 682). The
species was originally discovered in the forests of Burma by Col. Benson,
who sent plants to Messrs. Veitch and to the Royal Gardens, Kew. It
flowered in these establishments, and in the collection of Wentworth Buller,
Esq., shortly afterwards, and was figured in the Botanical Magazine (t. 5825).
It is an ally of D. Ruckeri, Lindl., then thought to have come from the
Philippines, but now known to be a native of the Himalayas. The flowers
are borne in fascicles of two or three, white, streaked with light purple
on the side lobes of the lip, while the crest is yellow and very hairy, in»
allusion to which the Specific name was given. Mr. Day made a painting
on March 26th, 1869 (Orch. Draw., xv. t. 11), recording that he purchased
the plant at a sale of Moulmein Orchids, at Stevens’ Rooms, on March 25th,
1869. Sct that period very little has been heard about it, and its re-
appearance is certainly interesting. Among cultivated species it is most

comparable with D. luteolum, Batem., which also comes from Burma,
and belongs to the same group. R.A. R

May, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 153

CYMBIDIUM HUTTONI.
THE annexed figure represents the remarkable Cymbidium Huttoni, Hook.
f., and is reproduced from a photograph, by Mr. G. I’Anson, of a plant
which flowered in the establishment of Messrs. Charlesworth & Co.,
Heaton, Bradford, and received a First-class Certificate from the Royal

Fig. 19. CyMBIDIUM HvTTONI.

Horticultural Society in July last.
been given (O.R., vill. p. 232), and we need only repeat that it was originally
introduced from Java, by Hutton, and flowered in the establishment of
Messrs. James Veitch & Sons in June, 1867, when it was figured in the
Botanical Magazine (t. 5676). Soon afterwards it appears to have been lost

The history of the species has already

154 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [May, 1906,
sight of, but in 1900 a plant flowered at Kew, and since then it has flowered
in other collections. It is allied to C. Devonianum, Paxt., though very
distinct in most respects. The shape of the flowers is well shown in the
figure, and their colour is yellowish green, densely spotted with blackish
brown. It is also a native of Sumatra, for Curtis sent a dried specimen to
Messrs. Veitch, and the habitat has since been confirmed by Micholitz, who
obtained it in Central Sumatra, when collecting there recently for Messrs.
Sander & Sons. The pendulous racemes are from six to twelve inches
long, and bear from about eight to sixteen flowers. R. A. R.

FUNGUS CO-OPERATION IN ORCHID ROOTS.

Mr. J. M. Brack in his Calendar of Operations for April (p. 117) draws
attention to this interesting subject, and makes many feasible remarks with
regard to inoculation.

In the Comptes Rendus for March 28, 1904, M. N. Bernard gives his
experience in isolating, by pure cultures, an endophytic fungus capable of
exciting germination in Orchid seeds, and a short account of this afterwards
appeared in the Gardeners’ Chronicle of July 9, 1904, and also in the issue
of April 24, 1906, with reference to the same observations, which have
been reprinted in the new publication, Orchis.

I have noticed in a pan of Odontoglossum seed that all the germinating
seeds were connected by a fungus thread, and that under a high power
microscope no fungus was visible on or near seeds which showed no sign
of germination. It may be that the fungus has powers of growth or exist-

ence only when in contact with assimilated matter or active life, and there-

fore the inactive or unfertile seeds offer no attraction.

But M. Bernard states that he has had seeds aseptically sown which
did not show signs of germination until he had inoculated them with the
hyphomycete in question. Is this fungus then really the cause of starting
germination, or is it only a necessary help directly afterwards in affording
nourishment to the small seedling by symbiotic means? Many of us know
how easy it is to get seed to swell and become green, but it never advances
beyond this first stage. Is this because the fungus is absent ?

_ Professor Henslow, in his lecture of March 20th, stated that ‘‘ the fungus
is at first antagonistic to the advance of germination, but that afterwards
the germinating seed falls upon it and devours it.” Probably with this
extra nourishment the seedling is enabled to make rapid headway until
roots are formed and it leads a separate life. A striking analogy is noticed
between this and the Fission Fungi, or Bacteria, in connection with the
leguminous plants, for these at first live on the host, and, while so doing,

store up a quantity of nitrogenous food in the root tubercles, but the plant |

® ga es eee

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: pea eet 3 F i i 3

haw, 1506.) THE ORCHID REVIEW. vee

afterwards more than recuperates its strength by turning round and
devouring this. :

Much research work has been done in the U.S.A. Department of Agricul-
ture, and cultures of Nitrosomona radicola have been sent out possessing
larger powers of attracting the atmospheric nitrogen than former ones.
There seems, however, to be as many kinds of this bacteria as there are
species of leguminosz, and that each one only has the power of symbiosis
when in contact with the proper host; thus cultures made from roots of
clover tubercles do not have any effect at first on sweet peas, but that after
a certain number of generations have been bred when in contact with them,
they gradually assume their former power of nitrification.

Orchid raising was, I believe, extremely difficult many years ago, but
now the majority of growers find no difficulty in raising Cattleyas, Den-
drobes, &c. Can the same be said with Odontoglossums? We may yet
have to tame the fungus to work with this species. Some have already
advanced a long way in the right direction, and these successful men say,
‘Fungus or no fungus, we do not mind, for here are the seedlings growing
like the proverbial mustard and cress.”

It would be interesting to hear the opinions and experiences of others
with regard to this subject.

GURNEY WILSON.
‘**Glenthorne,” Hayward’s Heath.

PROPAGATION OF PHALAENOPSIS FROM ROOTS.

SoME time ago I wrote to you about some Phalenopsis Stuartiana which I
have raised from roots. It may interest you to know that one of those
plants is now in bloom, bearing three flowers; a fourth bud turned yellow
before expanding. This beats raising Orchids from seed, as the plant in
question is only one year old, has four leaves, the longest measuring over
three inches, and the flowers just as large as those on the mother plant (this
latter had a spike of forty flowers). I have also succeeded in raising two
plants of P. Schilleriana from roots, but they do not reproduce themselves
quite as freely as P. Stuartiana. However, I got three nice plants of
P. Schilleriana, which formed last summer on a “ would-be” flower-spike.
Two of these are now in 4-inch pans, and have two leaves and two roots
each; and, strange to say, both plants threw out two flower-spikes, and
after these had been rubbed off, a third spike started on each, which was
also rubbed off. Since then the plants have rested, but the two roots keep
on growing and supporting the plants, and up to now they have not made
‘any more roots. Both came off the same plant, which has three strong
leads and four flower-spikes at present.

156 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [May, 1906,

Now for a few words about the way I have raised these plants. In
November, 1904, I received an importation of over 600 Phalznopsis, and on
five P. Stuartianas among them I noticed a few small plants growing on the
roots. All were semi-established on sticks of wood, and in due time were
taken off and put in baskets. Before I could pot the Stuartianas all the
little plants had damped off and disappeared, but, as some of the roots had
been broken and severed from the plants, the idea struck me to pot them
too and see if they would break. I then put a thin layer of Osmunda fibre
over the crocks and charcoal in a basket, and on this the roots were laid
and securely fastened down with copper wire. A few roots of P.Schilleriana
were put down with them for the sake of experiment. The basket was
then hung up amongst the rest of the Phalznopsis, and treated in the same
way as the old plants, being dipped whenever the fernroot was dry, which
was about twice a week. This was during the first week in February of
last year, and in a few weeks some plants appeared on the roots—some on
top, some on the bottom. Some roots started at three and four different
places. About twenty-five plants were thus produced during the summer,
eighteen of which are alive now, the remainder having damped off after
potting, this being done too late in the season for some of them.

M. J. POPE.
Naugatuck, Conn., U.S.A.

——_—_ >»

ORCHIDS IN SEASON.
SEVERAL very beautiful Orchids are sent from the collection of John
Leemann, Esq., West Bank House, Heaton Mersey, by Mr. Smith. Leelio-
cattleya X Frederick Boyle var. Kerchover is a most beautiful albino,
which gained a First-class Certificate at Manchester on April 26th. It was
raised from a white form of Lelia anceps crossed with Cattleya Triane
alba. It is most like the former in shape, with the lip and petals enlarged,
and the flower having an expanse of six inches. The colour is white, with
a very large bright yellow disc to the lip, and at the base a light maroon
blotch, as long as the column and about twice as broad. L.-c. X Hyeana
(L. purpurata X C. Lawrenceana) has light rose sepals and petals, and an
intense purple-crimson lip, witha deep yellow throat and numerous maroon
lines on the disc. It is most like the Lelia in shape, and very beautiful.
The rest are Odontoglossums. . crispum Queen of Spain is a large, flat,
pure white form, rather regularly blotched with deep red-brown on all the
segments. O. crispum Queen Victoria and O. c. Mars are two handsomely
blotched. forms. There are also, a dark form of O. luteopurpureum,
O. Hallii Leemann’s var., a very dark and heavily blotched form, two
fine forms of O. x Adriane, one very copiously blotched with red-brown,

May, 1906. | THE ORCHID REVIEW. , 157

and the other having the crispum size and acuminate segments, combined
with the Adriane shape and markings. The other is a light form of O. x
W. H. Hatcher (xX crispo-Harryanum Xx Pescatorei Charlesworthii),
having light yellow flowers, slightly suffused and copiously blotched with
purple on all the segments, the lip being broadly pandurate, with some of
the Harryanum characters in the crest. They form a very beautiful
series.

A remarkable form of Odontoglossum crispum is sent from the collection
of O. O. Wrigley, Esq., Bridge Hall, Bury, by Mr. Rogers, in which the
dorsal sepal is as broad, round, and as much fringed as the petals. Mr.
Rogers remarks that it was precisely similar last year, when it flowered for
the first time. A dark form of O. triumphans is also sent, which flowered
out of an importation of O. crispum, evidently from the district which
produces the wild forms of O. X loochristiense.

Cymbidium X Lowgrinum, raised in the collection of R. I. Measures,
Esq., of Camberwell, decidedly improves as it gains strength, for we have
now received a spike bearing seven flowers. Mr. Smith remarks that the
plants get stronger each year, and the largest is now in a 24-sized pot.
Two plants this year produced a couple of spikes each.

A particularly fine form of Brassolelia x Veitchii (Lelia purpurata 9
x Brassavola Digbyana ¢) is sent by M. F. Denis, Balaruc les Bains,
Hérault, France. The lip is very large, and bright rosy purple round the
light yellow disc. M. Denis remarks that the flower measured 26
centimétres (over 10 inches) from tip to tip of the sepals when at its best.
He has a Brassolelia x Helen still larger, measuring 27 centimétres, and
he considers these measurements exceptional.

aiap ee ee oe neo tannnn

NOTICES OF BOOKS.

Orchid Hybrids. Messrs. Sander & Sons, St. Albans. 8vo. pp. 125.

Messrs. Sander & Sons have re-issued the List of Orchid Hybrids, as
published in their Orchid Guide, incorporating the Addenda, and bringing
the work up to date. The information is given in triplicate ; first under the
name of the hybrid, then under the seed parent, and lastly under the pollen
parent, the lists in each case being alphabetical. The lists consist of the
names and parentage only, without reference to dates, raisers, or publica-
tion, and unfortunately a good many of the hybrids have received several
names, and there is no means of finding out which is the original one. It
will be useful as a means of finding out which species have been inter-
crossed together, as well as for tracing the parentage of any given

hybrid,

158 ; THE ORCHID REVIEW. [May, 1906.

Hortus Veitchii. By James H. Veitch—Messrs. James Veitch & Sons,
Chelsea. 4to. pp. 542, with fifty illustrations and an Index.

The purpose of this sumptuous volume, which is inscribed as “ For
private circulation only,” is to give ‘‘ A History of the rise and progress of
the Nurseries of Messrs. James Veitch & Sons, together with an account
of the Botanical Collections and Hybridists employed by them, and a list
of the most remarkable of their introductions.” It is a record of continuous
work for over three-quarters of a century in the field of Horticulture by
one family, of which the firm may justly be proud. With the Orchido-
logical part of the work we are alone concerned here, and it is no
inconsiderable item, for a sketch of the principal Orchid species introduced
by the firm occupies nearly fifty pages, while sixty others are devoted to an
account of the principal hybrids raised by them. These contain short
descriptive notes, with references. The notes of collectors and hybridists
employed are also most interesting. The photographic illustrations are
excellent, and contain numerous Orchids. It is a book to be treasured by
all those who are fortunate enough to possess it.

Orchis. Monatschrift der Deutchen Gesellschaft fur Orchideenkunde.
Herausgegeben von Prof. Dr. Udo Dammer.

Our German friends propose to issue a monthly work devoted to Orchids
bearing the above title, and the first issue has just reached us. | It is about
the size of the Reichenbachia, and is chiefly in German, with an article in
French entitled ‘‘ Les Champignons des Orchidées, leur réle et leur utilisa-

tion,” by M. Noel Bernard, and Latin diagnoses of three novelties by’

R. Schlechter. The Introduction, too, is accompanied by a French and
English translation. Among other articles we note Des Orchideen des
Kilimandscharo, by G. Volkens, and Seltenere Orchideen aus meinem
Sammlung, by Max Freiherr von Furstenberg, a Calendar of Operations,
and other cultural matters. There is a coloured plate of Cattleya labiata
Trianze Backhouseana, and a figure of Coryanthes maculata. The price is
20s. perannum. We wish our new contemporary success.

NOTES. :
Two meetings of the R. H. S. will be held at the Royal Horticultural Hall,
Vincent Square, Westminster, during May, on the 1st and 15th, when the
Orchid Committee will meet at the usual hour, 12 o’clock noon. The
subjects of the special competitions for these dates are:—May Ist,
Cypripedium bellatulum, concolor, niveum and Godefroy, with their
hybrids, and Odontoglossum crispum, Pescatorei and luteo-purpureum,
with their hybrids. May x5th, Lelia purpurata, Leelio-cattleya X

ee?

May, 1906. ] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 159

Schilleriana and X elegans, also Miltonia vexillaria and Epidendrum
radicans, in each case with their hybrids.

The Great Annual Flower Show will be keld in the Inner Temple
Gardens, Thames Embankment, on May 2gth, 30th, and 31st. The
Orchid Committee meets at Ir a.m. on the first day. Cups and Medals
will be awarded, as usual, according to merit.

The next meeting of the Manchester and North of England Orchid
Society will be held at the Coal Exchange, Manchester, on May roth.
The Committee meets at noon and the exhibits are open to inspection
from 1 to 3 p.m. The Annual General Meeting will be held on the
same day.

Flowers of Paphiopedilum xX Robbinsii and var. superbum are sent
from the collection of J. E. Vanner, Esq., Camden Wood, Chislehurst, by
Mr. Robbins. The latter is a fine and very richly coloured form, closely
dotted with dark brown on the upper halves of the petals and base of the
dorsal sepal, the latter passing into purple above, terminating in a broad,
white margin. The parentage was P. X Godseffianum X Calypso. A very
fine dark form of P. villosum called Pollett’s var. is also sent.

A four-fowered inflorescence of a pretty hybrid Dendrobium is sent from
the collection.of W. G. Moore, Esq., Pollokshields, Glasgow. It was pur-
chased three years ago as a cross between D. nobile and D. Farmeri. Mr.
Moore remarks that last year the plant made three very strong bulbs of
sixteen to eighteen inches long, having the top of the bulbs extra stout, and
the necks quite thin, and asks our opinion on the matter. We should like -
to know more of the exact circumstances, for the short axillary inflorescence
is quite unlike that of D. Farmeri, though the description of the bulbs
agrees better with what might have been expected. The flowers are more
comparable with D. x Ellisii, being yellowish white tipped with light
purple, and there is a slight maroon marking on the hairy yellow disc. The
colour shows a wide departure from D. nobile. We should like to know
the experience of others who may have attempted this cross. It may be
possible to clear the matter up later on.

Several interesting flowers are sent from the collection of R. I. Measures,
Esq., Cambridge Lodge, Camberwell, by Mr. Smith. They include forms
of Paphiopedilum x villosum, the beautiful P. Lawrenceanum Hyeanum,
with the hybrids P. x Youngianum, X Smithii, x barbato-Lawrenceanum,
x Vidor, x Lachmee, and xX Zeus. The four latter were all raised in the
collection. A good flower of the beautiful Phragmopedilum x Schroedere
is also sent.

160 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [May, 1906.

ORCHID PORTRAITS.

BRASSOCATTLEYA X Mrs. FrRANcIS WELLESLEY.—-Gard. Mag., 1906,
pp. 268, 269, with fig. ;

CYPRIPEDIUM TIBETICUM, King.—Bot. Mag., t. 8070.

DENDROBIUM DEVoNIANUM.—/Journ. Hort., 1906, 1. p. 317, with fig.

DENDROBIUM NOBILE.—Gard. World, 313, 321, with fig.

DENDROBIUM X WIGANIANUM, GATTON PARK VAR.—Gard. Chron., 1906,
i. p. 219, fig. 85.

DISA GRANDIFLORA.—Journ. Hort., 1906, 1. p. 339, with fig.

L#LIO-CATTLEYA X HOPkKINSI.—Journ. Hort., 1906, i. p. 261, with fig.

LZ#LIO-CATTLEYA X THE BaAron.—Gard. Mag., 1906, pp. 238, 239,
with fig.

LissocuiLus HorsFaLtu.—Garden, 1906, 1. p. 235, with fig.

LycasTE SKINNERI.—Gard. World, 1906, p. 331, with fig.

MACODES JAVANICA.—Gard. Chron., 1906, i. p. 216, with suppl. plate.

ODONTOGLOSSUM X WILCKEANUM PittTi1a.—Gard. Mag., 1906, p. 224,
with fig. F

PHALZNOPSIS LUEDDEMANNIANA (propagated from old flower spikes).—
Gard. Chron., 1906, i. p. 259, fig. 107.

SOPHROCATTLEYA X WARNHAMENSIS VAR. CERISE.—Journ. Hort., 1906,
1. p. 295, with fig.

CORRESPONDENCE.

(Correspondents not answered here may find replies to theiy queries on other pages, and in some
cases, for various reasons, they may have to stand over for a future issue, In the case of hybrid
_ Seedlings sent for name, the parentage and history should always be briefly stated, for without these
details we are not always able to deal with them satisfactorily.)

1, Eulophia gracilis, Lindl. 2, Miltonia Reichenheimii, Rolfe. 3, Catasetum
trifidum, Hook. 4, Oncidium Batemanianum, Parment. 5, Oncidium maculatum, Lindl.
G.B.L. Oncidium insculptum, Rchb.f. Several curious species occasionally flower out
of importations of O. macranthum.
E.A. Masdevallia triangularis.

A.B. The Phaleenopsis leaf shows some mechanical injury, possibly through drip.
No fungus is present. As only one plant out of twenty is affected moving the plant might
be an effectual remedy. _ Glad to know the REVIEW is so helpful.

H.A,, J.L., W.C.P., F.C., and several others, unavoidably held over till next issue.

G.G. A prettily spotted form of O. crispum, which should be good when established.

me We have not been able to make out the microscopic spider found on your

Phalznopsis. Should the mischief continue please forward actual specimens. The drawing
of it —_ the red spider, though clearly showing the marked differences between the two is
not sufficient to enable us to determine the insect.

Photographs received, with thanks, De B. c.

MURRAY'S PATENT
ORCHID STAND.

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**Try a few on Stands.”

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MILLIONS SOLD.

Patented by William Murray, late Orchid
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&

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Price List containing full information
from

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ORCHIDS. ORCHIDS.

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JEW DESCRIPTIVE & PRICED CATALOGUE FOR 1906 POST FREE.

A.J. KEELING & SONS,
Orchid Growers & Fmporters,
THE GRANGE NURSERIES,

Westgate Hill, Bradford, Yorks.

NEW EDITION

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HYBRID ORCHID
LIST,

Complete and Upsto-date, with
Names and Parentages

Of all the known Hybrid Orchids, whether introduced
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‘‘ It must have entailed an enormity of
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_$T. ALBANS.

ORCHIDS.

Those especially. who contemplate forming a Collection would profit by consulting:

STANLEY

SOUTHGATE,

& 200.
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whose advice and plants would be found equally good.

ORCHIDS.

Just received, importations of Cattleya
Labiata, Cattleya Trianze, Oncidium
Phymatochilum, Oncidium Gravesia-
num, Miltonia Morrelliana—Odonto-
glossum Crispum, and Odontoglossum
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Send for Free Tender es ‘¢ LysOFoRM, ITS USES.
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THE BRITISH LYSOFORM Co., Ltd.,.
Lysoform Works, Tower Bridge, S.E.

ORCHIDS.
Mr. ARTHUR PAUWELS

exclusively engaged to collect in Colombia :
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Germ

ORCHID PEAT.

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Selected Sample; Solid Fibre ; Three
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PEAT DUST for Redrdibi rs, £3 per i
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ORCHIDS ! CRON a .

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HAVE A VERY LARGE &-FINE

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all in the very finest health and ea ge and th se
are constantly adding to their uch Species
Tarieties as are lik ir

TO INTEREST CONNOISSEURS.

Importations are — being constantly received from:
various parts of the World.

Special attention given to orders for Export.
Inspection invited.

saaprcap smi and Priced peeeseing shored post free.
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Telephone—7o Gateac
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DARLINGTON.

Horticultural Orchid Houses.

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Executed by Of Orchid Blooms.
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: MODERATE. PROMPT ATTENTION.
NURSERY ROAD, Specimens will be sent with pleasure.
PRESTWICH. Or send Bloom and tos. 6d d age
Tp carefully executed d ‘rect painting of the
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eeedny of size anal | colour ROSE COTTAGE, FRASER GROVE,
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PATENT FAST-DYED
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For Shading Orchid and other Greenhouses.

ABSOLUTELY FAST. WELL SHRUNE
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| Price Lists oad Sikiogs F ree on application to—
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CONTRACTORS TO H.M. WAR OFFICE & INDIA OFFICE,

“3 A
a yr
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Wests Patent deur: Orchid Baskets.

HE Leeds Orchid Co., having
cleared out of Orchids, offer
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ORCHID BASKETS

at half catalogue prices to clear
at once.

E. C. WEST,

Manufacturer of ‘ Raffiatape’ and Horticultural Sundries,

Higham Hill, LONDON, N.E.-

_

= b For particulars see ‘‘ORCHID
———y7, CULTURE” (published at 34.)
Post Free.

ORCHIDS

A SPECIALITY.

Messrs.

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Heaton, BRADFORD,

Have a large and fine stock of established

and imported OrRcHIDs.

INSPECTION INVITED.

By Special Appointment to

His Majesty the ‘cise:

ORCHIDS
ORCHIDS

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IS CORDIALLY INVITED BY

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CHOICE CATTLEYAS, CYPRIPEDIUMS, AND
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Price List on application to
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HEADQUARTERS: THE COAL EXCHANGE,
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A MEETING of the COMMITTEE for the
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d on May oth, Sapte st 12 o'clock
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Subscriptions for 1906 are now due,

VoL. XIV.] JUNE, 1906. [No. 162.

ORCHID REVIEW:

Ein 3llustrated Monthly Journal of Orchidology.

Contents,

PAGE ] PAGE

Calendar of Operations for hae d eee~ 185.1 Odontoglossum crispum var. G. W. Law-
Correspondenc e, &c, bes fee 302 hofield (Fig 23) tie ae sou DE
Cymbidium insigne wae b 4." pet pen habitats... one oc ty
Dendrobium superbum (Fig. 21). -- 177 | Orchid Por das ean soa
Dendrobium ace um var. _Dearei Orchids at Ken Wi Stee sis vee oe 1°91
(Fig. 22) cae 177 | Orchids in season : eT ES
Individualism among Orchids... von: OME Tae brea rie bellatulum (Fi ig. 20) 68
Law No ia coe OL | Ps i dilum hirsutissimum .. sev. 167
Notes vee ves we we eS Soc cietie 169
Obituary... wea ae ra 166 Manchester & North of E England ‘Orchid 174
. E. Vanner ve (i166 oyal Horticultural 169
Dllontaginest an x crispodinei oes fr Igo Tene Show ate wes bys ee 178

PRICE SIXPENCE MONTHLY. Post Free '7/- per ANNUM—SEE OverLrar.

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MECONOPSIS
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2/6 PER PAGKET

Full particulars and illustration of this Herbaceous Plant and cultural notes in the issue of

‘The Gardeners’ Chronicle,’ October 1, 1904, p. 240,

ROYAL EXOTIC NURSERY, cHELsea, LONDON

ONCIDIUM CLAESII (New)

A most Remarkable and Beautiful
Species of the Microchila Group. .

Scapes 12—18 feet long, branched. Plants bearing from Two to Three Hundred
flowers each. _ Flowers, size as in O, superbiens.

Sepals bright chocolate red; lee and lip, deep carmine tinged with violet.

A SMALL IMPORTATION OF THIS VERY FINE ONCIDIUM JUST ARRIVED.

SHOULD BE GROWN IN EVERY COLLECTION.

Orpers Bookep Now. - a - Prices oN APPLICATION.

FLORENT CLA ae

Telegraphic — GARDENIA, BRUSSELS.

RE-INTRODUCTION OF THE MARVELLOUS

CATTLEYA LAWRENCEA NA

The Finest of all _Cattleyas, and the

most difficult Orchid to collect.

so offer imp

It has not been imported
&

for the last 16 years. .

Zygopetalum rostratum. _ Tygopetaium Burkel.

Cypripedium Lindleyanum.

or Prices and Particnlara aoviy to

TM EODORE

ORCHID VILLA NURSERY, MEIRELBEKE

Telegraphic Address; “VANDA. MEIRELBEKE.”

PAUWELS,

STATION, Near GHENT (BELGIUM),

ner
2 ence
ieee
| Reo BI

|

—————
mregar:

mn a
oe Se

LATH
ROLLER BLINDS

peg Rene i +} Peers ~<f47] Thur

f Orchids.

WALTERS & C@.,

Orchid Basket, and Lath Roller
Blind Makers,

16 WATER LANE, GREAT TOWER STREET,

ARMSTRONG & rg

page bcertnta TERS,
AND

Raising Hybrid Orchids a Speciality.

** ORCHIDHURST,”
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Buy First Hand ; os from the | Raiser.
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INSPECTION INVITED.

ORCHID PANS of prone
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ORCHID PANS with Nae at sides,
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r ORCHID POTTERY
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RAVENSCOURT AVENUE,
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——,

Ee East Java var. Flowers 3 to 4 inches
cross ; largest flowered form of the amabilis species.

go aves, 5 to ches, t good leaves, 6 10
7 inches, showing a new leaf. Three good leaves, 4 to 6 inch
three fir ves, 5 nches, three very fine leaves, 7 to }
inches. Few dozen v fine specimen sri 3 and 4 fine
leaves, 4, 6, 8to10 inch, Some 4 and 5 Ll 8 to 9 inch
specimens, se plant only. 200 small ‘stash Plants, 2
leaves 3 to 4inches, per hundred, 126/- 1,000 plants on

offer Sevenibec Prices on application, er w a exchange a pat art
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FO ALE or will exchange, 30 good varieties East and
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par PE . Postage 24d,

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CONNELL

e be J
ALAS BEZOCKIE, LOEMADJANG, JAVA:

|

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

VoL. AlVal JUNE, 1906. [No. 162.

LAW NOTES.

LEEMANN V. LINDEN & Co.—The Journal des Tribunaux for April 12th
reports the judgment in this case, of which an outline was given at page 61
of our last volume, the essential point being that five Odontoglossum
crispums were purchased for £1,200, on the strength of coloured drawings
supplied by the defendant, but on flowering were, according to the plaintiff,
very inferior.

At the preliminary hearing (on February 28th, 1905) it was established
that when the plaintiff complained that the flowers of three of the plants
in question, which had flowered in his houses, did not agree with the re-
productions which had served as the basis of the sale, the defendants did
not contest the identity of these plants with those delivered by them. At
this hearing the following facts, which are not disputed, were also
ascertained :—

On December gth, 1903, the plaintiff's wife, in his absence, wrote to
M. Linden saying that the variety ‘“‘ Constellatum” had flowered, but that
the painting was completely different, representing a flower both larger and
with more colour.

On December 11th, 1903, the defendant replied verbally that this was
not astonishing, considering the time of year in which the flowering took
place, the days being the shortest and darkest in the year.

On December 15th, 1903, the defendant, having received a flower which
had been sent to him, declared that it differed from the flower obtained
when the plants last flowered with him, but reiterated that this was not
surprising, considering the time of year at which it flowered, he himself
having had many similar cases.

On April 19th, 1904, the plaintiff notified the defendants that the
Varieties “Calos” and “‘Funambulum” had flowered, and were also not
true.

On April 2oth the defendants wrote protesting that something very
obscure had taken place, which required clearing up, and that it was neces-
Sary to investigate why the plants had not flowered true in the plaintiff's

161

162 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [JUNE, 1906.

houses, as they had in those of the defendants, while they did not say
that they doubted the identity of the plants with those supplied by them.

On April 21st the defendants proposed, by way of amicable compromise,
to take back the plants and replace them by other plants of fine varieties
in flower, to be chosen by the plaintiff, and to be of the same value as those
originally purchased, the plants to be priced according to the average
market rates in England for such varieties.

This proposal constitutes an implicit acknowledgment by the defendants
of the identity of the plants with those supplied by them, for it is certain
that the defendants would not have offered to take back worthless plants
which they had not supplied and to furnish in their place other plants to
the same value as those originally sent.

On April 25th, having received from the plaintiff two flowers, produced
by the plants called ‘‘Calos”’ and ‘‘ Funambulum,” the defendants stated
that the differences in the shape, colour, and spots were due to the culture ,
to which they had been subjected with Mr. Leemann, while still saying
that they wished to settle the matter in an amicable manner.

Lastly, on May roth, they again asked the plaintiff how it was that the
plants sold to him were now no longer true, but they did not expressly
refuse to admit the identity of the plants with those originally suppiied, and
it was only after the commencement of the action that they did so refuse.

The experts who were interrogated upon the various technical points
were M. Jules Hye, of Ghent, M. De Biévre, gardener to the King of the
Belgians, and M. Stepman, nurseryman, Molenbeck-St.-Jean.

The first witness of the direct hearing, the plaintiff's head gardener,
stated that the plants which had produced the flowers sent by the plaintiff
to the defendants were certainly those supplied by the latter. He declared
that he would be perfectly able to identify the plants, even if their labels
were removed, and they were mixed with others. He also stated that Mr.
Thompson had shown him recently a plant of Odontoglossum crispum
called ‘“‘ Calos,” which he had had a long time.

The second witness declared that it was impossible that the plants in
question should not be the same, owing to the scrupulous attention which
was given to them, with regard to their entry in a register, ticketing, and
numbering. No mistake was possible, as all plants were dealt with on
arrival. He also stated that he had seen the plant of Odontoglossum
crispum Calos in Mr. Thompson’s collection, and that it was he himself who
first apprised the plaintiff of the existence of a ‘‘ Calos”’ in Mr- Thompson’s
collection.

The fourth witness, on the contrary, affirmed that both Mr. Thompson
and his gardener had told him that the plant of Odontoglossum crispum
Calos, which had been sold to the former by M. Linden, was dead.

June, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 163

Both Mr. Thompson and his gardener, however, had stated on oath that
the plant of Calos, purchased from M. Linden in 1896, was still living,
although it had not flowered since its delivery.

The defendants, in the course of the arrangements for the sale, verbally
stated that they placed the varieties ‘ Vinicius,” ‘‘ Constellatum,” and
“* Aramis” in the same class as “‘ Luciani,” “ Lindeni,” and ‘‘ Quo Vadis,”
that ‘‘ Vinicius” greatly resembled the variety “Quo Vadis,” the only
-difference being in the shape of the spots, that the varieties ‘‘Calos”” and
“* Funambulum” were of the first order, and that the two latter were
unique plants, no other examples existing in cultivation. The experts upon
the various questions submitted to them expressly declared as follows :—

No culture could succeed in making the four Orchids which have pro-
‘duced the flowers obtained by the plaintiff give other flowers identical with
the water-colour paintings and plates sent by the defendant for the purpose
of concluding the transaction.

The flowers which have been produced and which are possible to be
produced by the varieties “‘ Funambulum,” ‘‘ Constellatum,” ‘‘ Calos,’”’ and
** Vinicius’? could never be placed in the same class as ‘* Luciani,”
“* Lindeni,” and “‘ Quo Vadis.”

_ The varieties of crispum in dispute can never be classed as varieties of
‘Odontoglossum crispum of the first order.

An Odontoglossum crispum has certain fixed characters, features of
identity, which do not disappear, even under the worst culture.

In consequence of this fact, an expert, on the examination of the flower
‘produced by a remarkable variety well known to him, can say whether or
no this flower has been produced by the Orchid in question, no matter how
bad the cultivation has been.

The fact that, on the receipt of the flower of ‘.Constellatum,” the
-defendants did not pretend that they could not recognise in this flower the
special characters of the variety sold by them, constituted an acknowledg-
ment that the plant which had produced that flower was the same that they
had delivered.

The Tribunal therefore gave judgment on the following points :—

The charge made against the experts of irregular proceedings in con-
nection with their report appeared unfounded.

The Tribunal having heard both parties, could not call other experts if
they considered that the present ones had sufficiently enlightened them.

It was necessary for the Tribunal to call these experts, and to follow
their report in such a special case.

The capacity, integrity, and disinterestedness of the experts could not
be questioned, one of them having been described by the defendants on
April zoth, rg04, as a distinguished connoisseur.

164 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [JunE, 1906-

It appeared that there had been a mistake in the substance of the
thing sold, the identity of which had been clearly established, and that
in consequence the sale ought to be annulled, according to the terms of
Article 1,118 of the Civil Code.

That in regard to the variety ‘‘ Calos,’’ which M. Linden declared on
the 11th of June, 1904, to be a unique plant, no other example existing in
cultivation, it was certain that, even if M. Linden thought this to be the
case, it was not so in reality.

That since the rarity of an Orchid is one of the principal things which
makes it valuable to collectors, it is necessary for a plant to have great
value, that it should be a unique one.

There remained only the evidence of the fourth witness against that of
Mr. Thompson and his gardener, who, considering the state of the foliage
of the “Calos” at one time, might have at that time thought that it was
dead, although the second witness says that he does not remember that this
idea was ever held.

It mattered little, with regard to the result of the present litigatiom
whether M. Linden thought, or had any right to think, that the “ Calos””
sold years previously to Mr. Thompson was dead, it mattered little whether
the vendor was of bad faith or not, it was only necessary that there was a
mistake in the substance of the thing sold. This mistake had been caused
by the statements, at least imprudent, of the vendor.

An error in the matter of one only of the five plants would justify the
annulment of the sale, the five being considered as indivisable as regards.
the total sum paid.

The Tribunal, therefore, on these grounds, declared null on the cause of
error the sale of the five plants of Orchids, and ordered the defendants to
pay to the plaintiff, first the sum of 30,000 francs (£1,200), being restitution
of the original price paid; secondly, the sum of 3,000 francs (£120) as
damages and interest, the plaintiff to return the disputed plants after the
defendants have paid the amounts ordered by the present judgment.

The Tribunal decreed M. Lucien Linden (since he was merely a sleeping
partner in the firm, and could not be condemned jointly with the Société
Linden et Cie.) personally responsible in his own name for the payment of
these sums, judgment being entered to that effect.

INDIVIDUALISM AMONG ORCHIDS.
WE have lately returned from a motor tour through parts of England—a
tour made chiefly with the object of visiting some of the fine collections of
Orchids so often heard of, and seen represented at the meetings of the
Royal Horticultural Society and the Manchester Orchid Society.

June, 1606.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 165

It has been a very great pleasure, and most instructive to study the
differing ways of attaining the same object. In some places the great
interest lay in the hybridizing that was made the chief feature; in
another it was the effort to perfect the housing accommodation, and give
the best atmospheric conditions, so as to get the plants to grow as well as
possible, and thus improve the shape and colour of their flowers; in others
it was the duplication of fine varieties by division, &c.—the common ground
being a desire to fill the houses with as fine varieties as possible, and a
boundless enthusiasm in the work.

We saw some splendid things in flower, and also thoroughly enjoyed the
inspection of bulbs and leaves, and the histories attached to some of the
plants. Everyone showed us the greatest kindness, and took an amount of
trouble to make our visit interesting.

I have not asked these gentlemen’s permission to write of their Orchids;
but I feel I would like to share the pleasure of these visits with others who
are not able to go and see for themselves.

We went first to see Baron Schroder’s collection—a collection that has
taken a great many years to form, some of the plants having been there
considerably over twenty years. Their owner has rejected everything but
the best, with the natural result that a magnificent collection has its home
there. Every plant is distinguished by some special beauty or value, and
many are quite unique; and amongst these latter are some of the finest
Odontoglossum crispums known, such as apiatum, Veitchianum,
Sanderianum, and Baroness Schréder. Some beautiful things were in bud
and flower; but it was a pleasure even to read the labels of those that were
not, and to think of the beauty they represented. Some of the finest grown
Calanthes I have ever seen were here in flower—magnificent spikes, quite a
little forest of them ; there was also open a wonderful spike of Lelia anceps
Schreederiana; and we noticed how much better it looked here than when
shown at the R.H.S. meeting. The want of background there always
seems to detract greatly from the beauty of the individual plants shown
upon the Committee’s table.

At Mr. Cookson’s we saw a number of very fine things in flower ; one
Odontoglossum house was a real feast ; fine varieties, and fine spikes, one
plant carrying seventeen flowers and a pod from last yearas well. There
was a very rich O. xX ardentissimum open; but I think the best of all were
two plants of O. crispum xanthotes; ‘‘ Cooksonie” and ‘“ Ardarroch
variety,” good spikes of each, and in their gracefulness, beauty of shape,
and purity of colouring they made a lovely picture. Standing out from
the rich things with which they were surrounded, they seemed to attract
the eye from every part of the house. Disbudding does not find favour
here, but their owner seems to have a wonderful knack of multiplying his

166 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [JUNE, 1906.

plants by division; the knife has been manipulated most successfully to.
the great extension of the collection.

Mr. Cookson has done a good deal of hybridizing and seedling raising,
and has brought a scientific mind to his aid in the work, doing everything
with a special object, taking the best production from one batch of seed-
lings, and going on again with that, thus gradually working his desire in
richness of colour and beauty of form. He showed us part of his work’s
progress, recorded step by step in drawing, photo, &c., and gave us hints.
on the storing of pollen, making our visit a most interesting one.

At Mr. Leemann’s, one great aim is evidently the perfecting of the
ventilating, heating and shading arrangements, and no trouble or expense
is spared to this end. Here we found the system followed is not buying
imported plants and weeding out, but buying only good things in flower, or
duplicate plants of well-known good things. Every plant is something
special (anyway among the Odontoglossums), and the paintings testify to
the richness of the collection. Here, as elsewhere, the standard gets
higher year by year, and as more room is wanted some of the older things
are turned out and given away, and so the collection grows always better:

We saw a very great number of paintings, and of agood many a second
has been done of another season’s flowering to show the improvement in
variety, and in some instances this was most marked. Mr. Leemann is
deeply interested in every detail, and spends a great deal of time with his
plants. His potting-house arrangements are very good, and most con-
venient ; they run along one side of a corridor, and the Orchid houses alk
run from the other side, so that the plants never need to go outside, but
just across this covered way to be attended to. Here, too, he has his
paintings stored, in large special cupboards with sliding doors, so every~
thing is handy and very convenient. EmILy THWAITES.

(To be continued.)

OBITUARY.

JAMES ENGLEHART VANNER.—It is with much regret that we have to
announce the death of Mr. J. E. Vanner, at his residence, Camden Wood,
Chislehurst, on May 12th last, in his 75th year, he having survived his wife
(after whom Cypripedium X Vannerz was named) eleven years, and his
brother, William Vanner, six years. His garden—of which he was very
fond—is beautifully situated on a hill overlooking the park and mansion
of Camden House, the residence of the late Emperor of the French and
Empress Eugenie. Among other features of the garden is the Orchid
collection, left him by his brother William. Its formation began in 1873,
and there is still an Odontoglossum crispum bought at Veitch’s in 1875,
and many other varieties that have been there a quarter of a century-

JUNE, 1906.} THE ORCHID REVIEW. 167

The collection is not large, consisting of an East Indian, a Cattleya, anda
Cool house. Mr. J. E. Vanner was not exactly an Orchid connoisseur, as
was his brother—he saw beauty in the commoner and familiar kinds, and
parted with some of the rarer varieties that once were there. Among many
hybrids raised in the collection we may mention Dendrobium X Vanner-
ianum (moniliforme X Faiconeri), described by the late Prof. Reichenbach,
in 1887, and various Cypripedes, as C. X cardinale Vanner’s var., C. X
pulchellum, C. X Vannerz, and C. x Robbinsii (named after Mr. W. H.
Robbins, who has had charge of the collection for the last twenty-two
years), and a host of unflowered Cypripedes and Cattleyas. Here may be
found a plant—the only one we know of—of the very rare and handsome
Miltonia Karwinskii, whose history was given at pp. 298, 299 of our twelfth
volume. The collection will probably be disposed of shortly. Mr. Vanner
was a director of the City and Midland Bank, and will be remembered for
many philanthropic deeds, among which it is pleasant to mention that each
of his garden employees has been generously remembered in his will.

ODONTOGLOSSUM HABITATS.
Witu reference to the note on Hybrid Odontoglossums at page 127, I may
say that I have never collected or seen O. luteopurpureum growing in the
new district where the large blotched forms of O. crispum come from, but
the statement made by Mr. Armstrong would suggest its presence there, for
I am perfectly certain that he has had no plants from me coming from
another district.

On the other hand I think it may interest readers of the Orchid Review
to know-that early this spring [ flowered among a batch of semi-established
O. crispum, a good form of O. Pescatorei. I must add that I never
collected or received importations of O. Pescatorei, and consequently it
could not get mixed in by chance. I suppose it is the first time that this
species has been found among O. crispum. FL. CLAEs.

‘This note is particularly interesting in view of others which have
appeared. (See O. R. vii. p. 167, and x. p. 210). We hope to see the
matter cleared up.—ED.]

Indian Gardening (p. 316) alludes to our article on Paphiopedilum hir-
sutissimum (p. 103), and remarks :—‘ It would appear that C. hirsutis-

simum is really the true C. Fairrieanum! at any rate that is the impression
left on our mind.” We hasten to say that such is not the case. The
history should of course be read in connection with that of the true oe
Fairrieanum, Lindl., previously given, and the wonder is that this original
appearance of C. hirsutissimum should not have been previously recorded,

especially in view of the facts given. How there came to be an “ Adar’s

168 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [JUNE, 1906,

Fairrieanum ” as well as one of Lindley we cannot say, but that name was
clearly added after the painting was made. But when and how did Mr.

wv

Fairrie acquire C. hirsutissimum

PAPHIOPEDILUM BELLATULUM.

THE Journal of Horticulture, to which we are indebted for the loan of the
accompanying block, remarks (p. 427) that this fine specimen is seldom
seen growing luxuriantly, yet in the collection of Francis Wellesley, Esq.,
at Westfield, Woking, the plants grow with great freedom, and in the
group illustrated several are carrying two flowers on one spike, and the
Cultural Commendation given by the Orchid Committee on May I was

Fig. 20. PAPHIOPEDILUM BELLATULUM.

ee

well deserved. They are grown suspended in the Stove Orchid house, and
are potted in a mixture of loam, sand, and small pieces of crocks, with
pieces of soft brick, about the size of walnuts, for drainage, and also
worked in here and there through the compost. Ordinary pots are used,
and much water is afforded at all seasons. The hybrids obtained from this
species also grow very freely; in fact al
robust health, and reflect
charge.

1 the Cypripediums are in most
great credit on Mr. Hopkins, the able grower 1n

JUNE, 1906.]} THE ORCHID REVIEW. 169

SOCIETIES. -
ROYAL HORTICULTURAL.
A MEETING of this Society was held at the Royal Horticultural Hall,
Vincent Square, Westminster, on May ist, when a very fine display of
Orchids was seen.

Leopold de Rothschild, Esq., Gunnersbury Park, Acton (gr. Mr.
Reynolds), was awarded a Silver-gilt Flora Medal for a fine group of
Vanda teres, the plants being from two to three feet high, and profusely
flowered, forming a very fine display. }

Sir F. Wigan, Bart., Clare Lawn, East Sheen (gr. Mr. Young), received
a Silver Flora Medal for an excellent group, containing Cypripedium
niveum, C. bellatulum, C. xk W. H. Young (barbatum X Curtisii), C.
Mastersianum, Phaleznopsis Rimestadtiana, Zygocolax X Veitchii, Lelia
Boothiana, some good Odontoglossum crispum, Cymbidium Devonianum
‘with seven spikes, and other plants.

Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., Burford (gr. Mr. White), obtained a Silver
Banksian Medal for a fine group, containing the original plant of
Dendrobium xX formoso-Lowii, D. x Dalhou-nobile, Cattleya intermedia
Aquinii with peloriate flowers, Brassocattleya X nivalis, B.-c. x Digbyano-
Schroderz, Masdevallia X Rushtoni, and others. Awards of Merit were
given to Masdevallia ignea Burford var., a very fine form, and Chysis X
Sedeni (Limminghii xX bractescens), and a Botanical Certificate to
Epidendrum odoratissimum, a very fragrant Brazilian species.

De B. Crawshay, Esq., Rosefield, Sevenoaks (gr. Mr. Stables), staged a

small group of choice Odontoglossums, to which a Silver Banksian Medal
was awarded. It included the fine O. crispum Venus, O. c. White
Empress, O. c. Lady Buchan, O. c. Mrs. de Barri Crawshay, O. X
Coradinei Crawshayanum, and O. luteopurpureum Mossii, all superbly
grown.
_. The Hon. W. Rothschild, M.P., Tring Park (gr. Mr. Dye), obtained a
Silver Banksian Medal for a fine collection, chiefly of Masdevallias, including
M. bella, M. caudata xanthocorys, M. Wendlandiana, M. leontoglossa, M.
Reichenbachiana, M. Chestertoni, M. Schlimii, M. simula, M. demissa, M.
triangularis, M. O’Brieniana, M. X Curlei, and several other hybrids,
together with the rare Houlletia odoratissima, Lzlio-cattleya X Lucia, and
L.-c. x Hyeana.

F. Wellesley, Esq., Westfield, Woking (gr. Mr. Hopkins), was awarded
a Silver Banksian Medal.and a Cultural Commendation for a small group of
excellently-grown Cypripedium bellatulum, C. niveum, C. concolor, and
some hybrids. (See illustration on preceding page).

F. W. Moore, Esq., Royal Botanic Gardens, Glasnevin, exhibited the

170 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [JUNE, 1906.

handsome Arachnanthe annamensis, to which a First-class Certificate was.
awarded. Its history and a description appears at page 38.

J. Colman, Esq., Gatton Park (gr. Mr. Bound), showed Cymbidium xX
Colmanie ‘(C. X eburneo-Lowianum xX eburneum Dayanum), to which an
Award of Merit was given. The flowers are white with faint purple
markings, and most like the seed parent in shape.

J. B. Joel, Esq., Northaw, Potter’s Bar, received an Award of Merit for
Cypripedium Rothschildianum Northaw var., a very fine form.

Baron Sir H. Schréder, The Dell, Egham (gr. Mr. Ballantine), sent
some splendidly grown Odontoglossums, including the fine O. X Coradinei
mirabile, the beautiful O. x crispo-Harryanum Duchess of York, and O.
triumphans The Dell var., a very fine and well-bloomed plant, which
gained a Cultural Commendation.

The Hon. Mrs. Evelyn Cecil (gr. Mr. Cox), showed Lissochilus Krebsii,.
the plant having been imported from Rhodesia.

H.S. Goodson, Esq., Fairlawn, Putney (gr. Mr. Day), sent Cattleya

Triane ‘“ Lily Blanche,” Cymbidium x Lowio-eburneum giganteum, and
Phaius X Norman Goodson’s var.

C. L. N. Ingram, Esq., Elstead House, Godalming (gr. Mr. Bond),
exhibited Cattleya x Unique (Mendelii x Schrcederz).

Sydney Jackson, Esq., Bexley (gr. Mr. Boyd), showed the fine white
Odontoglossum crispum magnificum.

F. M. Ogilvie, Esq., The Shrubbery, Oxford (gr. Mr. Balmforth), sent
Cymbidium Schreederi, Rolfe, an Annamese species described at page 39.

Messrs. Charlesworth & Co., Heaton, Bradford, staged a very fine
group, to which a Silver-gilt Flora Medal was awarded. It contained
Brasso-cattleya x Digbyano-Warscewiczii, B.-c.. xX Digbyano-Mossie,
and its white variety Queen Alexandra, Lzlio-cattleya x Mercia, L.-c. X
G. S. Ball, L.-c. x callistoglossa, L.-c. x Hyeana, Cattleya x Wm-
Murray, C. x Empress Frederick, some good Oncidium Marshallianum,
Odontoglossum X Othello (crispo-Harryanum X Adrianz), O. crispum
varieties, Epilelia x Laucheana (L. purpurata xX EE. atropurpurea),
another curious Epilelia derived from L. tenebrosa xX E. prismatocarpum,.
Coelogyne Parishii, Cirrhopetalum Cumingii, Masdevallia triaristella, and
others.

Messrs. J. Cypher & Co., Cheltenham, obtained a Silver Flora Medal
for an excellent group, containing Lelia Boothiana, L. purpurata, Lzlio-
cattleya X highburiensis, L.-c. x Hyeana, Cypripedium niveum, C. X
grande, Masdevallia x Heathii, Dendrobium x Nestor, some brilliant
Cattleyas, and some fine examples of Miltonia vexillaria and varieties of
‘Odontoglossum crispum.

Messrs. Hugh Low and Co., Enfield, were awarded a Silver Flora

JuNE, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 17K

Medal for a good group, containing a number of Burmese Dendrobiums,
including a specimen of Dendrobium Wardianum, with over 100 flowers,
Cattleya intermedia alba, a fine series of C. Schroeder, C. s. alba,
Cypripedium niveum, C. x Grace, C. X Gowerianum Burkinshaw’s var.,
C. X microchilum, and others. :

Messrs. Sander and Sons, St. Albans, also received a Silver Flora
Medal for an effective group, containing Lelio-cattleya x callistoglossa,
L.-c. X Hy. Greenwood, L.-c. x bletchleyensis, Aérides Micholitzii,
Renanthera Imschootiana, Cattleya Loddigesii, C. intermedia alba, Bulbo-
phyllum mandibulare, Vanda suavis Sander, a white form, with greenish
yellow spots, Oncidium Marshallianum splendens, Dendrobium Jamesianum,
D. Bancroftianum, some good Odontoglossum crispum, including one very
heavily blotched form, Megacliniums and other plants.

Messrs. Stanley and Co., Southgate, staged a nice group containing
Odontoglossum Pescatorei, O. crispum varieties, O. x Adriane, Cattleya
Mossiz, and others.

DipLoMA AWARDs.

The subjects of the special competition on this occasion were Odonto-
glossum crispum, Pescatorei and luteopurpureum, and Cypripedes of the
ballatulum group, with their hybrids. The awards were as follows :—

ODONTOGLOSSUM CRISPUM (typical).—First Diploma to O. c. Venus;
Second Diploma to O.c. White Empress; both from De B. Crawshay,
Esq.

O. CRISPUM (spotted).—First Diploma to O. c. Eustace, from N. C.
Cookson, Esq. Second Diploma to O. c. Raymond Crawshay, from De B.
Crawshay, Esq.

O. LUTESPURPUREUM.—First Diploma to O. 1. Mossii, from De B.
Crawshay, Esq. Second Diploma to O.1. sae Som The Dell var., from
Baron Schréder.

ODONTOGLOSSUM HYBRIDS.—First Diploma to O. X excellens, Dell
var.; Second Diploma to O. xX Coradinei mirabile; both from Baron
Sir H. Schroder.

CyYPRIPEDIUM BELLATULUM.—First Diploma to C. b. Exhims var., from
J. F. Alcock, Esq., Exhims, Berkhampstead. Second Diploma to C. b.
Wellesleyanum, from F. Wellesley, Esq.

C. NIVEUM.—First Diploma to C. n. The Premier, from F. Wellesley,
Esq. Second Diploma to C. n. Purity, from J. Colman, Esq.

C. concoLtor.—Second Diploma, to C. c. Sander Westfield var., from
F. Wellesley, Esq.

At the meeting held on May 15th, the Orchid exhibits were rather less
numerous, doubtless owing to the proximity of the Temple Show.

4172 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [JUNE, 1906,

H. T. Pitt, Esq., Rosslyn, Stamford Hill, réceived a Silver-gilt Flora
Medal for five choice varieties of Odontoglossum crispum—Pittianum, with
a spike of thirteen flowers in very fine condition, Pittiz, with two spikes of
fifteen and fourteen blooms, somewhat similar in character, but with more
white between the blotches, Capartianum, Ashworthianum, and Magnum
‘Bonum, the latter a fine white form.

Sir Trevor-Lawrence, Bart., Burford (gr. Mr. White), staged a fine
group of rare Orchids, for which a Silver Flora Medal was awarded. It
contained Masdeyvallias caudata, xX Chelsoni, x Rushtoni, xX Stella,
hhieroglyphica, x igneo-Estradz, x Pourbaixii, X Doris, x Ajax, and x
ferrierensis, Bulbophyllum Reinwardtii, Dendrobium x Dalhou-nobile, D.
X formoso-Lowii, Epiphronitis x Veitchii, Epicattleya x radiato-Bow-
ringiana, Epidendrum Endresii, E. glumaceum, E. elongatum, E.
montanum, E. arachnoglossum, and E. Linkianum, with cut spikes of E.
X O’Brienianum, E. Ellisii, E. x Boundii, E. Schomburgkii, E. radicans,
and E. X xanthino-radicans.

H. S. Goodson, Esq., Fairlawn, Putney (gr. Mr. Day), gained a Silver
Flora Medal for a large and well-arranged group, containing Cattleya
Mendelii, C. Mossiz, C. Schreedere, Lelia x Latona, Lelio-cattleya X
Zephyra, L.-c. x highburiensis, several fine examples of Cymbidium Low-
janum, and other plants.

C. J. Lucas, Esq., Warnham Court, Horsham (gr. Mr. Duncan), staged
a good group, containing Lzlio-cattleya x G. S. Ball, L.-c. x Hyeana,
Odontoglossum crispum varieties and other plants. A Silver Banksian
Medal was awarded.

J. Gurney Fowler, Esq., Glebelands, South Woodford (gr. Mr. Davis),
sent Odontoglossum x ardentissimum Dorothy Fox, a pretty white variety
with rose-purple blotches, somewhat like a large O. Pescatorei in shape.
An Award of Merit was given to Cypripedium Xx Miss Louisa Fowler var.
superba (Chamberlainianum x insigne var.), a particularly fine form.

F. Wellesley, Esq., Westfield, Woking (gr. Mr. Hopkins), exhibited
‘Cypripedium barbatum The Premier, Lelia cinnabrosa var. Flambeau, the
orange-tinted flowers of which had a reddish glow, and the fine Cypripedium
Lawrenceanum hackbridgense. Cattleya intermedia White Queen, a
handsome large pure white form, obtained an Award of. Merit.

Major G. L. Holford, C.1.E., C.V.O., Westonbirt (gr. Mr. Alexander),
Showed a splendidly-cultivated specimen of Odontoglossum crispum
Westonbirt var., bearing three spikes and thirty-two flowers, which was
deservedly awarded a Cultural Commendation, and Cattleya Mossiz
Reineckiana Westonbirt var., also in fine condition, bearing a spike of four
flowers.

Colonel Brymer, Ilsington House, Dorchester (gr. Mr. Powell), showed

June, 1906. | THE ORCHID REVIEW. 17

Coelogyne X Brymeriana (Dayana X asperata), the plant bearing a
pendulous raceme of nineteen flowers, with whitish sepals ue petals, and
the lip marked with light brown.

Baron Sir H. Schréder, The Dell, Egham (gr. Mr. Ballantine), showed
the handsome Odontoglossum crispum yo al bearing eleven
flowers.

Sir F. Wigan, Bart., Clare Lawn, East Sheen (gr. Mr. Young), sent
Odontoglossum tripudians, called ‘Cecil Grey,” a fine, heavily-blotched
form.

Messrs. Cypher and Sons, Exotic Nursery, Cheltenham, staged a
fine group, for which a Silver Flora Medal was awarded. It contained
Cypripedium niveum, C. X Gowerianum, C. X G. magnificum, C. X
Fascinator, C. X Harrisianum superbum, C. callosum Sanderze, some good
examples of Miltonia vexillaria, Cattleya Schroedere, C. Mendelii, C.
Skinneri alba, Lelia purpurata, the fine L. p. Duchess, Lelio-cattleya x
purpurato-Aclandiz, L.-c. X Hyeana, L.-c. x G.S. Ball, and other plants..

Messrs. Hugh Low and Co., Enfield, gained a Silver Banksian Medal
for an excellent group, containing a fine example of Cattleya Skinneri with
seventy-two flowers, C. Mossi, C. Schroederee, C. Lawrenceana, the hand-
some Lelia purpurata Davisii, Dendrobium Bensone, and others.

Messrs. J. and A. A. MacBean, Cooksbridge, showed Odontoglossum
crispum Aphrodite bearing twelve flowers, having very broad segments
tinted with rose.

Mr. James Douglas, Edenside, Great Bookham, showed the fine Cypri-
pedium Lawrenceanum Douglas’ variety, somewhat resembling the variety
Hyeanum.

DipLoMA AWARDS.

The subjects of the special.competition on this occasion were Lelia
purpurata, Lzlio-cattleya x elegans, L.-c. X Schilleriana, Miltonia vexil-
laria and Epidendrum radicans, in each case with their hybrids.

MILTONIA VEXILLARIA.—First Diploma to M. vy. Memoria G. D. Owen,
from Sir F. Wigan, Bart. Second Diploma to M. v. magnifica, from
Jeremiah Colman, Esq.

Hysripds oF EPIDENDRUM RADICANS.—First Diploma to Epiphronitis X
Veitchii; Second Diploma to Epidendrum xX Boundii (Burtoni xX
radicans) ; both from Jeremiah Colman, Esq.

L&LIA PURPURATA.—H. L. Bischoffsheim, Esq., The Warren House,
Stanmore, and R. I. Measures, Esq., Camberwell, showed cut flowers of
good examples of this Orchid, but no awards were made.

There were no exhibits of Lzlio-cattleya x elegans and L.-c. X Schil-
leriana, or their hybrids.

174 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [ JUNE, 1906,

MANCHESTER AND NORTH OF ENGLAND ORCHID.
A MEETING of this society was held at the Coal Exchange, Manchester, on
April 26th, when a few choice exhibits put in an appearance, the awards
including one First-class Certificate and three Awards of Merit.

J. Leemann, Esq., Heaton Mersey (gr. Mr. Smith), received a First-
lass Certificate for the handsome Lelio-cattleya x Frederick Boyle var.
Kerchovee, a charming hybrid of which a note appeared at page 156.

S. Gratrix, Esq., Whalley Range (gr. Mr. Cypher), received an Award
-of Merit for Odontoglossum crispum westpointense, a well shaped and
richly coloured variety.

E. Rogerson, Esq., West Didsbury (gr. Mr. Price), received an Award
-of Merit for Cypripedium X Berkeley Oakdene var., said to be a cross
-between C. villosum and C. bellatutum.

W. Thompson, Esq., Walton Grange, Stone (gr. Mr. Stevens), received
‘an Award of Merit for the beautiful Miltonia x Bleuana Stevensii (M.
Roezlii alba X M. vexillaria Leopoldi), which was figured at page 313 of
our last volume. The Certificate appears to have been given under the
name of Odontoglossum vexillarium var. Stevensii.

J. Bottomley, Esq., Longsight, exhibited two good forms of Dendrobium
nobile, to which a Vote of Thanks was accorded.

_ O. O. Wrigley, Esq., Bury (gr. Mr. Rogers), exhibited a curious
‘trilabellate form of Odontoglossum crispum.

Messrs J. Cowan & Co., Gateacre, J. Cypher & Sons, Cheltenham, J.
‘W. Moore & Co., Rawdon, and Mr. S. Alien, Sale, were accorded Votes of
‘Thanks for interesting exhibits.

THE meeting held on May 1oth was the last of the 1905-6 session, and pro-
-duced a very fine display of Orchids.

H. T. Pitt, Esq., Stamford Hill (gr. Mr. Thurgood), sent a few choice
“Odontoglossums in very fine condition, the handsome O. crispum Pittianum
receiving a Gold Medal. A First-class Certificate was given to O. ¢.
‘Capartianum. The third was the remarkable O. c. Ashworthianum, almost
-entirely violet-purple with a white margin, but the spike had been partially
disbudded.

R. Ashworth, Esq., Newchurch (gr. Mr. Pidsley), staged an excellent
miscellaneous group, to which a Silver Medal was given. Odontoglossum
-Crispum Princess Ena received an Award of Merit.

G. W. Law-Schofield, Esq., Rawtenstall (gr. Mr. Shill), staged a good
miscellaneous collection, which gained a Silver Medal.

P. Smith, Esq., Ashton-on-Mersey, received a Silver Medal for a group

-of Cattleyas and Odontoglossums, with a good plant of Oncidium
lamelligerum.

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JUNE, 1906. | THE ORCHID REVIEW. 175

A. Warburton, Esq., Haslingden (gr. Mr. Raven), also received a Silver
Medal for a group in which good Odontoglossums and forms of Cattleya
Mendelii were conspicuous.

John Leemann, Esq., Heaton Mersey (gr. Mr. Smith), sent a fine plant
of Phalenopsis amabilis Rimestadtiana, which gained a Cultural Certificate.

R. le Doux, Esq., West. Derby (gr. Mr. Davenport), staged a small
group, chiefly of Odontoglossum crispum, gaining a Vote of Thanks.

M. A. A. Peeters, Brussels, sent Odontoglossum xX Lambeauianum and
‘O. crispum var. Uccle, the latter a fine spotted form, to which a First-class
‘Certificate was given. ;

Mr. John Robson, Altrincham, was accorded a Vote of Thanks for a
few choice Odontoglossums—-O. crispum vars. Raymond Crawshay,
Excelsior and Mrs. Peeters, with O. x Wilckeanum var. Golden Queen.

Messrs. McBean, Cooksbridge, Sussex, exhibited a most beautiful yellow
Odontoglossum, called O. crispum aureum excellens, though the Committee
by vote decided that it was not an ordinary crispum. [It has since
received an Award of Merit from the R.H.S. under the name of O. c.
aureum Laburnum]).

Messrs. J. Cowan & Co., Gateacre, sent a natural hybrid Odontoglossum.

Messrs. A. J. Keeling & Sons, Bradford, exhibited a small group,
principally of Cypripedes.

Messrs. J. W. Moore, Ltd., Rawdon, also contributed a small group,
including a good form of Dendrobium X Euterpe.

The Annual General Meeting was held in the afternoon of the same

‘date, and was well attended. The Hon. Secretary’s report was read and
adopted, showing the work of the Society for the past year to be of
excellent character ; the finances were also in good condition.

Mr. E. Ashworth was elected Chairman; Mr. A. Warburton, Vice-Chair-
man; Mr.S. Gratrix, Treasurer; and Mr. P. Weathers, Hon. Secretary...

A rule was also passed which will allow members in the coming
session to exhibit disbudded plants.

CYMBIDIUM INSIGNE.

A Group of plants of this distinct and striking Cymbidium was exhibited at
the Temple Show by M. Georges Bronckart, Thurin, Belgium, but through
some misapprehension the Orchid Committee changed the name to C.
Sanderi. The species was originally discovered by M. G. Bronkart, who
presented a dried specimen and painting to Kew in September, 1901,
through Mr. G. Schneider, of Chelsea. It was discovered in the February
previous, the collector stating that it wasa terrestrial Orchid, found growing
along ravines, in sandy soil, at 4,000 to 5,000 feet altitude, in Annam, and
that the spikes reached a length of 3 to 44 feet, and bore ten to fifteen

176 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [JUNE, 1906,
flowers, of a rosy lilac colour, with numerous crimson blotches on the lip.
It was at once named and described, the description ultimately appearing

in 1904 (Gard. Chron., 1904, i. p. 387). On February 14th of the following
year a plant called Cymbidium Sanderi received a First-class Certificate

from the R.H.S., which has proved to be identical, and the original name ~

must, of course, be retained. This plant was discovered by Micholitz,
being provisionally called Cymbidium n. 1. It was said to be almost
terrestrial, being found on steep banks, in ravines, among thick grass,
and growing chiefly in a thick clayey soil—never on trees—and producing
long spikes of rosy. red flowers (Gard., 1904, ii. p. 141). At the time
this was suspected to be identical with C. insigne (O.R., xii. p. 280). The
species has ovoid-globose pseudobulbs, with about ten or twelve leaves, of
two to three feet long by about half an inch broad, while the scapes are
erect, and rather longer than the leaves. The flowers are about 3} inches.
in diameter, with lanceolate-oblong sepals and petals, white, more or less
tinged with pink, and dotted at the base, while the broad three-lobed lip is
handsomely blotched with crimson. It was exhibited by Messrs. Camille,
Freres, at the Liége Horticultural’ Exhibition, in May, 1905, in a group oO

new plants (O.R., xiii. p. 174). None of the plants exhibited has bornea —

fully developed spike, but it should be a fine thing when it becomes strong.
R. A. Re
ODONTOGLOSSUM x CRISPODINEI.

WHEN this interesting artificial hybrid was described and figured at page
241 of our last volume, it was remarked that had it appeared among
imported crispums it would probably have been taken for a small O. X
Coradinei of good shape, and it may possibly be that some forms referred to
O. X Coradinei are secondary hybrids. A flower has been sent from the
collection of W. W. Butler, Esq., of Edgbaston, Birmingham, which im-
mediately recalls O. x crispodinei, and may have been derived from similar
parentage. It was purchased as an unpotted plant from an importation
of O.crispum. The sepals are over half an inch broad, and the petals over
five-eighths, while they reach two and a half inches from tip to tip. The
lip is three-quarters of an inch broad, and relatively much shorter than in
O. X Coradinei. The sepals and petals are ivory-white, becoming light
yellow towards the margin, and the latter has two to four brown blotches,
and the former about twice as many. The lip is very fleshy, white, and
heavily blotched with brown, and the column wings are small and nearly
entire, both showing the most unmistakable evidence of O. Lindleyanum.
It will be interesting to see what the flower is like when the plant becomes
strong, but at present it is more like O. x crispodinei than an ordinary
form of O. X Coradinei. R.A. K

JUNE, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. t?

~y

DENDROBIUM SUPERBUM AND VAR. DEAREI.

WE have received from Mr. M. J. Pope, Naugatuck, Conn., U.S.A., a dried
flower of a beautiful white form of Dendrobium superbum, together with a

orm, and this photograph we

a

photograph, showing both it and the typical

Fig. 21. DENDROBIUM SUPERBUM. Fig. 22. VAR. DEAREI.

have much pleasure in reproducing. The large upper spray is the variety,
and the rest belongs to the type. It was imported from the Philippines
with a lot of Phalenopsis. Mr. Pope writes:—‘‘I have over eighty plants

178 THE ORCHID REVIEW. (June, 1906.
of D. superbum, over four hundred pieces, if they had been potted up
separately, but for want of time and room as many plants as could be got
into five to six or seven-inch baskets were put in together. When flowering
time came this spring, two white forms were found growing in the same
baskets with the type. The flowers are of the purest white throughout, with
the exception of a very faint lemon yellow flush in the tube of the lip. They
have the peculiar rhubarb scent of the type, but apparently not quite so
strongly. Iam sending you a picture of this plant as it flowered here, the
uppermost spray being the white form and all the rest the type. I showed
it at Boston on March 24th last, when the Massachusetts Horticultural
Society awarded it a Silver Medal under the name of D. superbum Colonel
Deare’s variety.” The flower sent is a very fine one, measuring over
44 inches from the apex of the dorsal sepal to that of the lip, and it retains
its characteristic rhubarb scent, even in the dried state.”

The variety Dearei appeared in the collection of Lieut.-Col. Deare,
/of Englefield Green, in 1882, receiving a First-class Certificate from the
R.H.S., on April 11th, under the name of D. macrophyllum var. Dearei,
when exhibited by his gardener, Mr. Fagg (Gard. Chron. 1888, i. p. 507):
It was well figured by Mr. Day in April, 1886 (Coll. Draw. xlix. t. 49);
from a plant in Baron Schréders collection. The variety Burkei differs
in having a light purple throat to the lip, while in Huttoni the same
part is bright purple.

THE TEMPLE SHOW.

THE nineteenth Great Annual Flower Show of the R.H.S., held in the
Inner Temple Gardens, opened on Tuesday, May 2gth, in delightful
weather, and will be continued over the two following days. The centre
of the large tent was, as usual, devoted to Orchids—we only found two
small groups elsewhere—and there was a large and brilliant display, in the
freshest possible condition, to which end the comparatively cool weather of
the preceding week has been favourable. Nothing sensational in the way
of novelties was observed, but there was evidence of progress, particularly
among Odontoglossums, and some recent hybrids were exhibited in
improved condition. Seven Awards of Merit were given by the Orchid
Committee. The judges for Orchids were Messrs. W. A. Bilney, H. J:
Chapman, J. Gurney Fowler, and H. Little, and their awards, which
included three Gold Medals, will be found in the following report. The
Veitchian Cup, value fifty guineas, was on this occasion awarded to Messts
Sander and Sons, St. Albans, for their magnificent group of Orchids and
new and rare plants, the judges for this being Messrs. Jeremiah Colman,
Jas. Gibson, Major Holford, Sir Trevor Lawrence, J. Methven, P. ©. M.

JUNE, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. (79

Veitch, and James Whytock. At the outset it may be remarked that con-
sideration of space only permits us to give a few of the more noteworthy
features of the numerous fine groups staged.

Jeremiah Colman, Esq., Gatton Park (gr. Mr. Bound), staged a magni-
ficent group, occupying one bay of the tent, to which a gold Medal
was awarded. It contained a lot of fine Odontoglossums, Cattleyas,
Lelio-cattleyas, Miltonia vexillaria, brilliantly-coloured Masdevallias,
Epidendrum X Boundii, &c., the centre part in front being covered in
moss, in which were bedded out a lot of Cypripedium niveum, with
such charming things as C. callosum Sander, Masdevallia Davisii,
Cochlioda Neetzliana, Cattleya Mossiz JReineckeana, Bulbophyllum
Lobbii, &c. Other interesting things were Cymbidium Lowianum con-
color, several examples of Lelio-cattleya x Sunrise, Odontoglossum poly-
xanthum, O. cirrhosum, Cypripedium Argus, C. Gratrixianum, Masdevallia
Veitchiana, &c. &c. Awards of Merit were given to Masdevallia Harryana
Gatton Park var., a very large and richly-coloured form, and to Cattleya
Mossiz Jeremiah Colman, a large light rosy purple form, having a remark-
ably broad light margin round the richly-coloured disc of the lip.

Sir Frederick Wigan, Bart., Clare Lawn, East Sheen (gr. Mr. Young),
staged a remarkably rich and varied group, to which a Silver Cup was
awarded. We noticed a very fine plant of Zygopetalum X Roeblingianum
with three spikes of flowers, and three others in bud, Zygonisia X
Rolfeana with two racemes, Calogyne Dayana, a fine plant of Dendrobium
Falconeri, Brassia brachiata, Cochlioda Neetzliana, Thunia Marshalliana,
Cattleya x porphyrophlebia, C. Forbesii, Odontoglossums citrosmum, X
Rolfez, tripudians, X Wilckeanum oakwoodiense, a finely blotched form
with white ground, X Ossultoni, Lelia tenebrosa, Aérides Fieldingii, a
finely flowered example of Sobralia macrantha alba, with the type,
Oncidiums Gardneri, Papilio, Marshallianum and monachicum, Brasso-
cattleya X striata, Cymbidium Devonianum, Masdevallias ignea, Veitchiana,
and ephippium, Cypripedium Mastersianum, a good form of Lezlio-cattleya
X Vinesiz, Platyclinis latifolia, and other showy things, also in front was a
charming little group embedded in moss, containing good examples of
Cymbidium tigrinum, Leptotes bicolor, Phalznopsis speciosa, violacea and
Lueddemanniana, Miltonia Roezlii alba, Masdevallias Chestertoni, Carderi
and x Pourbaixii, Saccolabium miniatum, Odontoglossum CErstedii, &c.

R. Ashworth, Esq., Newchurch, near Manchester (gr. Mr. Pidsley),
received a Silver Flora Medal for a choice group, containing a few good
Cattleyas, Cypripedium callosum Sandere, and some choice Odontoglos-
sums. O. x loochristiense The Mikado is a very beautiful form with a
dense inflorescence of fourteen bright yellow flowers, which are turned to
one side more than usual. O. X ashlandense (polyxanthum X Adriane)

180 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [JUNR, 1906.

has yellow sepals and petals, and a whitish lip, all heavily blotched with
brown. Two forms of O. X Fascinator, which, we believe, were raised by
M. Peeters from O. X Adriane @ X O.crispum Queen Victoria 3 were
also promising. O. crispum Coronation is a fine thing heavily blotched with
light cinnamon-brown. Lastly, a fine white form, with a few round, brown
blotches, is, we understand, a form of O. x Lambeauianum, though so
distinct in appearance.

Mrs. Collingwood, Lilburn Tower, Alnwick (gr. Mr. Lovett), received a
Silver Flora Medal for a beautiful little group, containing several well
flowered Vanda teres and a couple of fine Dendrobium Falconeri.

Mrs. Ernest Hills, Penshurst (gr. Mr. Ringwood), also received a Silve
Flora Medal for a fine group of Miltonia vexillaria.

N. C. Cookson, Esq., Oakwood, Wylam (gr. Mr. Chapman), received an
Award of Merit for Phaius x Doris (P. Cooksoniz x oakwoodiensis), a
charming rosy purple flower.

The Hon. Walter Rothschild, Tring Park (gr. Mr. Dye), sent Brasso-
catlelia x Tring Park hybrid (L.-c. X eximia Arnoldiana x B. Digbyana),
a fine rosy lilac flower with some darker veins on the lip.

J. Rutherford, Esq., Blackburn (gr. Mr. Lupton) sent a few white
forms of Cattleya Mossiz.

M. Jules Hye de Crom, Ghent, exhibited a pretty violet blotched
Odontoglossum and O. x percultum var. Junon, the latter a fine form,
closely spotted and blotched with light cinnamon brown, gaining an Award
of Merit.

W. A. Bilney, Esq., Fir Grange, Weybridge (gr. Mr. Whitlock), sent
Dendrobium Dalhousieanum luteum, a pretty light yellow variety with the
usual blotches on the lip,

Major Holford, C.V.O., Westonbirt (gr. Mr. Alexander), sent two
richly coloured forms of Cattleya Mossiz.

M. F. Lambeau, Brussels, sent Odontoglossum x Lambeauianum vat.
lucidum, a very richly coloured form, and two others, one of them
having rather light spots not extending much beyond the middle of the
segments.

In the Herbaceous tent, sadly out of place, we noticed a group of over

eighty flowers of Cattleya Mossiz, apparently cut from the same number of.
plants, for scarcely any two of them were alike. They were from the

collection of W. J. Caparne, Esq., of Guernsey, and apart from albino
forms show most of the wide variation to which
forming a most instructive series,

G. P. Walker, Esq., Heathwood, Putney Heath, sent a flower of Lelia

tenebrosa, having more elongated segments than the former, and the front
of the lip very deep purple.

the species is subject,

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JUNE, 1908.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 181

Francis Wellesley, Esq., Westfield, Woking (gr. Mr. Hopkins), sent the
richly coloured Cypripedium Lawrenceanum hackbridgense, and a fine
seedling which appeared to be a hybrid between C. barbatum and C.
Lawrenceanum.

Messrs. Sander & Sons, St. Albans, staged a magnificent group, nearly
two bays in extent, extremely rich and varied and most artistically
arranged, some of the more conspicuous subjects being elevated so as to
stand out from the others, giving a very diversified surface. A Gold Medal
was deservedly awarded, and the Veitchian Cup for the best individual
exhibit was given to this and a group of new and rare plants also shown by
the firm. It contained a brilliant series of Odontoglossums, Cattleyas,
Lelio-cattleyas, Oncidiums, Masdevallias, &. The gem of the group was
Odontoglossum crispum Leonard Perfect, a noble white form of perfect shape,
with an enormous roundish light cinnamon blotch on each segment. O. X
ardentissimum Countess of Tankerville was a very richly coloured form
with an inflorescence of fifteen flowers: Lelio-cattleya x Golden Glory
(L.-c. X Zephyra X C. Mossiz Reineckiana) is a rich yellow flower, most
like the seed parent in shape, with some rosy salmon colour on the front of
the lip. A batch of seedlings from Epidendrum X Endresio-Wallisii x
Endresii showed remarkable variation, including forms with purple,
yellow and spotted segments, with much variation in the lip. Other
rare or choice things were Cymbidium Huttoni with three racemes.
C. madidum, Renanthera Imschootiana, Zygopetalum x Roeblingianum,
a handsome Brasso-cattleya xX Mrs. John Leemann, Masdevallia X Rush-
toni, M. Schlimii with about sixteen racemes, Maxillaria Sanderiana,
Lycaste aromatica, L. cruenta, and a fine example of L. xX Ballia,
Phalenopsis Schilleriana, Dendrobium Phalenopsis, D. superbum,
‘Aérides Houlletianum, Camarotis purpurea, Oncidium superbiens,
Angreecum Sanderianum, Bifrenaria Harrisonize, two beautiful specimens
of Cattleya Skinneri, Cypripedium x Vipanii, C. prestans, C. Godefroy
leucochilum, Evlophia gracilis, Acanthophippium javanicum, Uropedium
Lindenii, and a host of the more familiar showy Orchids.

Messrs. Charlesworth and Co., Heaton, Bradford, also gained a Gold
Medal for a remarkably rich and varied group two bays in extent, in which
Cattleyas, Lzlio-cattleyas, Odontoglossums, and other showy Orchids
occurred in profusion, and were arranged with telling effect. Two groups
of Lzlio-cattleya x G. S. Ball provided a mass of rich orange colour, but
the numerous rose and purple forms must be passed over unnoticed.
Odontoglossum crispum forms were good, and numerous other species and
hybrids were noted, among them two good O. X Lambeauianum, O. X
Pheebe and O. x Othello in improved condition, O. X excellens, &c., &c.
A noble specimen of Anguloa Clowesii, bearing about thirty ficwers, was a

a85 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [JUNE, 1906,

remarkable example of good culture. Cattleya X Bowringiano-Schiller-
iana is a dwarf hybrid of intermediate shape and very brilliant colour,
Other interesting things were a good Celogyne Dayana, a fine lot of
Phalenopsis amabilis, Renanthera Imschootiana, a finely flowered example
_ of Trichopilia coccinea, Cattleya Skinneri alba, C. X Whitei, C. X Madame
Myra Peeters, Cymbidium Lowianum concolor with a noble specimen of
the type, Zygopetalum crinitum, Oncidium Gardneri, Bulbophyllum
Lobbii var. Henshallii, and numerous examples of the more familiar showy
Orchids; also a group of Ancectochili, including several species of these
charming little variegated-leaved Orchids.

Messrs. Hugh Low & Co., Enfield, staged a large and brilliant group, in
which a fine lot of Cattleyas and Lelia purpurata forms, with other showy
Orchids of the season, were conspicuous. Specially noteworthy was a plant

of the richly-blotched Odontoglossum crispum Fearnley Sander, other in-
teresting things including Vanda Denisoniana, Ccelogyne pandurata,
Dendrobium crepidatum, Colax jugosus, Brassia verrucosa, Cattleya
intermedia alba, Oncidium phymatochilum, the clear yellow O. ampliatum
citrinum, Cypripedium Stonei, C. Rothschildianum, C. Druryi, a group of
C. niveum, Epidendrum aromaticum, E. glumaceum, the rare E.
campylostalix, Saccolabium ampullaceum, Leptotes bicolor, Cirrhopetalum
picturatum, the singular little Masdevallia triaristella, Bulbophyllum
cupreum, Phalaenopsis Lueddemanniana, and other interesting things. An

Award of Merit was given to Cattleya Mendelii Mercury, a pretty blush

pink form with the front of the lip rich purple crimson. A Silver Cup was
awarded for Orchids and flowering plants.

M. Ch. Vuylsteke, Loochristi, Ghent, staged a group of choice hybrid
Odontoglossums raised by him, to which the Lindley Medal was
appropriately awarded. It included fine examples of O. x Wilckeanum,
O. X concinnum, O. X amabile Goliath with a remarkably large flower, 0.
X ardentissimum tigrinum, a fine dark form, O. x a. Apollo, bearing a fine
inflorescence of twenty-one richly-marked flowers, O.a. X Venus, having the
segments richly suffused rather than blotched with purple, a most beautiful
form, to which an Award of Merit was given. A similar award went to O.

x percultum Orion, bearing a very compact inflorescence of rosy lilac |

flowers of excellent shape, and closely blotched with light cinnamon.
Another striking thing bore the name of O. x altum var. Bellone, and was

recorded as O. X ardentissimum x Hallii. It is most comparable to 4

well-shaped and blotched O. x Wilckeanum with a white ground.

Messrs. James Cypher and Sons, Cheltenham, staged a very bright an :
effective group, a bay and a half in extent, to which a Silver-gilt i
Medal was awarded. It contained a fine series of Cattleyas, Lzlias, Latlio- .

cattleyas, Odontoglossums, Miltonias, and other showy things of the

JUNE, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 183

season. Among those specially noticed was a fine Lelio-cattleya x
Baroness Schroder (C. Trianze xX L. Jongheana), rich purple with an orange
throat to the lip, Odontoglossum crispum giganteum, O. Uroskinneri, Den-
drobiums thyrsiflorum, atroviolaceum and nobile, Thunia Bensone,
Oncidium concolor, Masdevallia Veitchiana, M. macrura, a few good
Epidendrums, Cypripedium X Lawregower, C. X Charlesianum Cypher’s
var., approaching the insigne type, &c. In front of the group were a few
dwarf things bedded out in moss, including a good clump of Leptotes
bicolor, the pretty Miltonia Phalaenopsis, a lot of Cypripedium niveum,
Masdevallia Schroederiana, a well-flowered M. X Hincksiana, and others.

Messrs. William Bull and Sons, Chelsea, staged a good group of showy
Orchids one bay in extent, including numerous Odontoglossums, Cattleyas,
Lelia purpurata, Cymbidium Lowianum, &c. The most noteworthy plant
in the group was a good Cymbidium rhodochilum, with several of the
lower flowers of the spike expanded, and we also noted good examples of
Odontoglossum X ardentissimum, X Wilckeanum, crispum and Harry-
anum, Sophronitis grandiflora, Cattleya intermedia alba, Masdevallia
cucullata, M. Schroederiana, &c. A Silver-gilt Flora Medal was awarded for
Orchids and Foliage plants.

Mr. John Robson, Altrincham, staged a bright little group near the
entrance to the smaller tent, containing good examples of numerous showy
species of the season, in whicn we noticed a good plant of Oncidium
sphacelatum, and a very richly-coloured hybrid Cypripede of unrecorded
parentage.

M. G. Bronckart, Thurin, Belgium, staged a nice batch of the distinct
Annamese Cymbidium insigne, Rolfe, a native of Annam, which was
described about two years ago from dried specimens. See O.R. Xil., p. 230.
The plants bore an aggregate of about two dozen spikes, the flowers being
white, prettily spotted with purple on the lip. The plants are not yet
established, being a long way behind the wild example, but it will
evidently develop into a fine thing.

In Messrs. James Veitch & Sons’ group outside we noticed a pan of the
striking Cypripedium tibeticum, recently introduced by Mr. Wilson, and
figured in the Botanical Magazine (t. 8070); and numerous other hardy
Orchids were observed in various groups of herbaceous and alpine plants,
these including the handsome C. macranthum, Regine, acaule, Calceolus,
pubescens, morntanum, Orchis foliosa, purpurea, maculata, laxiflora,
militaris, undulatifolia, papilionacea, italica, O. hircina, O. ustulata, the
pretty little O. Brancifortii, the rare North American O. spectabilis, Ophrys
lutea, O. fusca, Aceras anthropophora, Habenaria bifolia, and even a
solitary example of the Bird’s Nest Orchid, Neottia Nidus-avis, evidently
a wild example.

184 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [JUNE, 1906.

ODONTOGLOSSUM CRISPUM G. W. LAW-SCHOFIELD.

Tris isa verv handsome variety of Odontoglossum crispum, of which a
flower and photograph have been kindly sent from the collection of G. W.
aw-Schofield, Esq., New-Hall-Hey, Rawtenstall, near Manchester. The

form and substance of the flower are excellent, and the ground colour of the

petals is pure white, while on the sepals occurs a little rosy suffusion. The

colour of the blotches is of the richest chestnut purple, and extends through

Fig. 23. ODONTOGLOssUM CRISPUM G. W. Law-SCHOFIELD-.

to the back, as will be seen by the lowermost flower, and the side view of
the upper one. The lip is rather small, but richly coloured, being almost
reduced to one solid chestnut blotch, with a white margin and some }
markings on the crest. The flowers are represented natural size. =
inflorescence produced three flowers, and when the plant becomes strong I

f I

promises to stand in the front rank amc

JuNE, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 185

CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS FOR JUNE.
By J. M. Brack, Streatham.
ALL our endeavours should be directed during the next two or three months
to keeping healthy growing conditions in all the houses, for now the great
majority of the plants are in active growth, and the most must be made of
our variable and ofttimes much too short summer.

It is questionable if abnormally large pscudobulbs can really be called
good growing, although most of us try to get them. A very large pseudo-
bulb, if flowered, is frequently followed by one much smaller, which is but
a natural reaction, and this can be especially noted among Cattleyas.
Some Odontoglossums and Dendrobiums seem much more tractable, for
the bulbs made under our artificial conditions are easily maintained much
larger than those imported, and the flowers are, I believe, proportionately
much finer.

But the principal object in good growing should be the procuring of
ripe pseudobulbs, in preference to mere size, and this can only be done
by judicious ventilation and shading, in conjunction with the appropriate
use of the right potting material. I have tested to my own satisfaction the
futility of producing—in rich leaf soil mixtures—large pseudobulbs at the
expense of ripeness, and Odontoglossums give evidence of unripened
succulent growing sooner than anything else. There is constantly being
brought under our notice the great difference in the quality of the flowers
of a standard variety on plants from different collections.

Broadly speaking, too much air cannot now be given to the Cattleya,
Intermediate, and Odontoglossum houses during the day, when the weather
is fine,—on still sultry days even leaving the doors open. On sunny
mornings ventilation will have to be increased immediately, and the
shading lowered. Although a run up in the afternoon may be permitted,
it should not be allowed in the morning. First the dry plants should be
watered, and then the houses syringed, and it is just as well to take a walk
round with the watering-can again before closing the houses in the after-
noon, as some plants may appear moist in the morning which would really
benefit by being watered. Frequent sprayings overhead and between the
pots will have to be given, but the foliage should be allowed to get
thoroughly dry at least once during the day, and the best time to have the
houses dry is for an hour or two before closing up. We do not often find
it necessary to damp or syringe any more in the houses that are closed at
half-past three. Before closing, the houses are well damped, and the plants
sprayed—lightly or heavily according to the weather—and these two anda
half hours of closeress have the effect of retaining the moisture, and the
leaves which may have become a bit parched, will revel in the heavy, still,

186 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [JUNE, 1906,

moist atmosphere. These two and a half hours of closeness constitute the
only period out of the twenty-four that the houses are entirely without air
—from 3.30 to 6—and at six the re-opening of the bottom ventilators will
again start the air in circulation. A genial warmth must be kept in the
pipes all night, not so much for the sake of the heat, which, during many
nights, will not be required, but to keep the air on the move. This is
really a very important point in the summer growing of Orchids. In the In-
termediate or Mexican Houses, when the night temperature is above fifty-five,
one might with safety allow the pipes to become cold, but air should not be
reduced in consequence of that, but quite the reverse. We do not generally
put top air on our Cattleyas at night thus early, unless the weather be very
close. Air, top and bottom, should now be nearly constantly on in the
Odontoglossum house, and no, more artificial heat should now be wanted
until the summer is over.

TEMPERATURES.—The temperatures for the next month or two will be
easily maintained, but one must always be on the watch for cold snaps,
which are not infrequent. The East Indian house should not be allowed to
fall below 70° at night, with a rise of 5° to 10° during the day ‘in sunless
weather. More frequently than not these temperatures will be exceeded,
but one should not strive after a much higher night temperature. The
Cattleya house may drop at night to 65°, and even to 60° in the morning,
and the Intermediate house 5° lower. It is not so much a question of the
actual temperatures, as of, literally speaking, good breathing conditions.
We learn that in the forest the dew falls at night, and that the plants
become saturated, but I should not advise this to be copied at home, with
perhaps some reservation in the case of Odontoglossums. A stagnant night
atmosphere is bad, even when warm; when cold, of course, it is much more
dangerous. The Odontoglossum house should not now be allowed to drop
much below 55°, and it may be necessary now and again during the summer
to turn on a little heat in this house.

ODONTOGLOSSUM SEEDLINGS.—-These are making very good progress
now. Two-year-old plants are finishing up their first pseudobulbs, and the
leaf expansion in these will now be less marked than it has been for some
months. In many cases the pseudobulbs are finished, and the new growth
has started. When these new growths are about two inches high, the
plants may, if they are in want of it, be repotted. The first pseudobulbs
not flowering, the new growths shoot immediately—sometimes even before
the pseudobulb is finished—and will grow very well all the summer, if the
temperature is kept well down. They grow best during the summer ina
temperature of 65° by day and 60° by night, in a steady, buoyant, moist
atmosphere. Small Odontoglossum seedlings will stand very little sum
shine, and great care must be taken, especially in the morning and the

i
a
ee

JUNE, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 187

evening. Five or ten minutes’ strong sun might be sufficient to cause great
disfigurement among the foliage, even causing whole leaves to become
yellow and drop off. Two of the chief causes of ‘‘ tipping” among these
little plants are (1) too much light, and (2) too little air at night. With the
- greater precaution as to shading, the general treatment accorded imported
Odontoglossums will suit the seedlings also.

Cattleya, Odontoglossum and other small seedlings which will have

been surfaced with sphagnum moss, will be in danger of being smothered if
the moss is not kept clipped back, so that air can get round the base of the
pseudobulbs. Large plants, although in less danger, must have the moss
kept downalso. It is difficult to water carefully when the mo3s gets very
long. .
East InpIAN HovusE.—Angrecum citratum, A. fastuosum, and any
other plants, which have not yet been done, of this and the allied genera,
can have fresh material given them this month, if out of flower. Root
action all round will now be strong, and the greatest of care must be taken
in repotting to break -but as few roots as possible. The compost recom-
mended for Phalznopsis recently will be found to be generally satisfactory.
The comparatively close, moist atmosphere, and the abundance
of mid-summer heat, will quickly re-establish plants disturbed at
this season. In surfacing these plants with sphagnum moss, work the
moss in tightly, as it will hold much less water than if laid on loosely.
Great care must be taken in watering freshly potted plants. It is not
safe to keep on counselling the giving of large quantities of water during
the summer,-as the frequent syringing and damping considerably hinders
evaporation, and it is a fact with me that some of our hot seedling houses
dry out nearly, if not quite, as much during the winter as during the
summer. In the winter we require a lot of fire heat and no syringe, while
during the summer there is a lot of syringe and little fire heat ; and there is
little question but that more plants suffer through over watering than
through getting insufficient.

VANDA TERES.—This is really one of the best of the genus, and while
there is no difficulty in growing it, there is considerable difficulty in getting
it to flower freely, for the reason that being a plant which requires more
direct sunshine than most other Orchids, it rarely gets sufficient for its
needs. It used to flower at Ferriéres very freely, because a very small span
roofed house was given over exclusively to it. The plants were here
planted out in sphagnum, and trained up the roof. The two chief factors
in its cultivation are syringe and sunshine. Several stems can be planted
together in a pot, well down among the crocks, and surfaced tightly with
sphagnum moss. They will require support, and can be tied to bamboo or,
what are better, teak wood sticks. The Mexican, or Intermediate, house

188 THE ORCHID REVIEW. (JUNE, 1906,

conditions will be found suitable, if some contrivance be had to give them
full sunshine. é

TuHuntAs.—When these have flowered, the plants must be submitted to
more air and light, so that they may become thoroughly ripened. Gradu-
ally stop watering as the foliage yellows. .

PERISTERIA ELATA.— This plant enjoys abundance of heat during growth,
but if given too strong a light, the foliage soon shows signs of distress.
Plants can be repotted this month in a mixture of fibrous loam, peat, and
leaf mould. Drain the pots well, and add broken crocks to the compost,
so that the large supplies of water required by the plant when in full growth
may pass off freely. The East Indian house, or shady end of the Den-
drobium house, will be found a suitable position for these plants.

CaTTLeyas.—Continue the repotting of Cattleyas as they pass out of

flower, and start to grow. C. Mossiw, C. Mendelii, &c., Lelia purpurata, |

L. tenebrosa, and a long list of hybrids will require looking to this month.

DENDROBIUMS.—A good many Dendrobiums which flower (for Den-
drobiums) late in the season will now be requiring attention as to repotting.
These will include D, Dalhousianum. This plant enjoys a large amount of
sunshine when growing, the leathery nature of the young foliage with-
standing more light than, for instance, the nobile section. It requires to
be well ripened to flower freely. The compost recommended for Cattleyas
in the April Calendar will be found suitable. It is a strong grower when
healthy, and will require considerable pot room. D. thyrsiflorum, D.
densiflorum, and a good many others may require repotting at this season.

CyYPRIPEDIUM BELLATULUM.—This plant is not one of the easiest to
grow, and has a tendency to damp, a tendency inherited by hybrids derived
from it, especially when small. Plants may be repotted this month in a
mixture of fibrous yellow loam, peat, and a little leaf soil, mixed with
broken crocks. C. concolor and C. niveum can also be repotted in the same
mixture. These two require the heat of the East Indian house, while
bellatulum is found to do better in the cooler and more airy conditions of
the Cattleya house.

ORCHIDS IN SEASON.

SEVERAL very beautiful Orchids are sent from the collection of Major G. L-
Holford, Westonbirt, Tetbury, by Mr. Alexander. Cattleya Gaskelliana
Westonbirt var. has rosy mauve sepals and petals, and an orange yellow
throat to the lip, surrounded by a whitish zone, the rest being rosy purple.

a ae COS — Le SR ees

It is very large, and of perfect shape. C. Mossi var. Ami-Alexis is 4 light-

coloured form, with crimson streaks and spots on a pale ground, while the :
Westonbirt var. 1s rather darker, and has much rich orange and crimson 0? :
the lip. Lelia purpurata pretexta is very fine, and has pure white sepals

- JunE, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 189

and petals, and a large, pure white blotch at the apex of the very dark
purple lip. Var. Daintiness is not so good in shape or color, but has a much
larger white area, running right back into the throat, and veined with light
purple. Lelio-cattleya X Canhamiana var. Rex has pure white sepals and
petals, like an enlarged Lelia purpurata, and a large lip of the richest
purple-crimson, with a narrow white margin—a gem of the first water ;
while L.-c. X Fascinator nobilior is a noble flower with light magenta-
purple lip and blush white sepals and petals. The flowers are all splendidly
developed, and are excellent examples of good culture.

Other gems are sent from the collection of the Right Hon. Joseph
Chamberlain, M.P., by Mr. Mackay. Léelio-cattleya X eximia is a large
and very richly coloured hybrid, in which the best qualities of Lelia
purpurata and Cattleya Warneri are combined. L.-c. x Dora is
from C. Schroedere albens x L.-c. X Hippolyta var. Phoebe, and has
salmon-coloured sepals and petals, and a very rich orange throat to the lip.
There are two forms of the beautiful Brassocattleya x Thorntoni and B.-c.
x Pocahontas, the latter described at page 174 of our eleventh volume.
Lastly we may mention Messrs. Veitch’s interesting Lzlio-cattleya x
Mardellii, and a small light form of Odontoglossum x Coradinei out of an
importation of O. crispum.

A flower of Odontoglossum crispum Stella is sent from the collection of
R. le Doux, Esq., West Derby, Liverpool, by Mr. Davenport. It is a large
white form, with rather elongated segments, which have a purple line-like
blotch at the base. It is from a small plant, with only three flowers, but
the presence of an additional round blotch on the dorsal sepal and two on
one of the lateral suggests that it may vary somewhat when the plant
becomes strong.

A fine inflorescence of the bright yellow Cyrtopodium Andersonii is sent
from the collection of Mrs. T. Fielden, Grimston Park, Tadcaster, by Mr.
Clayton, together with a good form of Cattleya Mendelii and Maxillaria
grandiflora. The Cyrtopodium is a very imposing plant when well grown,
but takes up considerable space, or it would be more commonly grown.

A spike of the interesting Cymbidium Schreederi, which was exhibited
at the R.H.S. meeting on May Ist, is sent from the collection of F. M.
Ogilvie, Esq., The Shrubbery, Oxford. It is an ally of C. Lowianum, and
is one of Messrs. Sander’s Annamese importations. Its history was given
at page 39 of our present volume.

A flower of the charming little Odontoglossum Cervantesii punctatissi-
mum, from a recently-imported plant, is sent by Capt. J. B. H. Goodden,
Compton House, Sherborne, Dorset, accompanied by a photograph. The
flower is prettily tinged with lilac, and spotted with brown atthe base of the
segments. A photograph of the handsome O. Rossii rubescens is also sent.

190 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [JUNE, 1906,

NOTES.
Two meetings of the R.H.S. will be held at the Royal Horticultural Hall,
Vincent Square, Westminster, during June, on the 12th and 26th, when
the Orchid Committee will meet at the usual hour, 12 o’clock noon. The
subjects for the special competition on the former date are Cattleya Mossiz
and Cypripedium Lawrenceanum, with their hybrids. There will be no
special classes on the latter date.

An exhibition of Table decorations, &c., will also be held on
Wednesday, June 2oth, on which occasion the Committees will not meet.
Prizes are offered for a Basket of Orchids, with any foliage, in an open
class, and in one limited to amateurs, but Orchids are excluded from
several of the other classes.

The next meeting of the Manchester and North of England Orchid

Society will be held at the Botanical Gardens, Old Trafford, in connection
with the Whitsuntide Show of the Manchester Royal Botanical and Horti-
cultural Society.

THE LAWRENCE MEDAL.—In order to celebrate the completion of the
twenty-first year of Sir Trevor Lawrence’s presidency of the Royal Horti-
culturul Society, the Council have resolved to invite the Fellows to sub-
scribe to a fund for the purpose of having his portrait painted by Prof.
Herkomer, to place in the Society’s new buildings, and also to establish, in
perpetuity, a large gold medal to be called the ‘‘ Lawrence Medal,” to be
awarded to exhibits of a specially meritorious character. It is estimated
that a sum of about a thousand guineas will be required, and the Council
hope that Fellows will generously support the movement. Cheques should

be drawn in favour of J. Gurney Fowler, R.H.S. Office, Vincent Square, —

Westminster, S.W., and crossed *‘ London and County Bank.”

The last issue of the Journal of Horticulture gives an illustration of
“Orchids in the Open Air” in the collection of the Jate Mr. Alfred Smee,
The Grange, Hackbridge (p. 449). We had the pleasure of spending 4
day there some years ago, and saw the plants in their unusual surroundings:
They were stored on boards close to the surface of a small stream which
flowed beneath the shade of some tall trees, and were chiefly placed there
to rest and ripen after making their growths. Few growers have such 4
situation at command, and we doubt whether the system is of much value
in our fickle climate.

The last issue of M. Goossens’ interesting little Dictionnaire Icono-
graphique des Orchidées, just received, contains figures of the following
Orchids :—Brasso-cattleya x Peetersii, Cattleya x Adolphine, C. *

Apes Tey tele eo

JUNE, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. ror

Wincyxiana, Coryanthes maculata, C. speciosa, Cypripedium xX Helen ii.,
C. X Triomphe de Watermael, Dendrobium Kingianum, Lelio-cattleya Xx
Admiral Dewey, L.-c. x Wrigleyi, Odontoglossum crispum Lindeni, Stan-
hopea tigrina, and Trichosma suavis.

In the accompanying Chronique Orchidéenne we observe a note respecting
a so-called ‘‘ error’? made in the preceding number in writing Cypripedium
Fairrieanum with two “r’s,’’ into which others are also said to have fallen.
It remarks that the name should be written Cypripedium Fairieanum,
because the plant was dedicated by Dr. Lindley to Mr. Fairie of Liverpool.
But the error was Dr. Lindley’s, for the plant was dedicated to Mr. Fairrie,
so that the correction should be the other way about.

A recent number of Die Gartenwelt contains a coloured plate of Cypri-
pedium hybrids, with accompanying text (page 386). The four figures are
(1) C. Spicerianum xX insigne; (2) C. X Leeanum superbum X insigne
Chantini; (3) C. villosum xX insigne Chantini; and (4) C. Spicerianum X
villosum.

A recent issue of the Gardener’s Magazine contains figures of Cypripedium
Hybrids at Westfield (page 301), and a corner of the Cypripedium house at
Westfield (page 302).

Oncidium Claesii, Rolfe, is a very striking new species of the Microchila
group, discovered by M. Fl. Claes, of Brussels. It has much of the habit
of O. macranthum, but the flowers are about the size of O. superbiens, and
the petals and lip are deep carmine, shaded with violet, and the sepals
bright chocolate red. It will be seen by a notice on another page that
plants are now offered for sale.

sibel ig g cs

ORCHIDS AT KEW.

OveR a hundred and twenty species and hybrids of Orchids were noticed
in flower at Kew during the past month, and the houses, as usual, have
been very gay. Specially interesting is a good pan of the handsome Chilian
Chlorzea virescens, and a very strong plant of Aerides crispum with two
racemes, a good plant of Camarotis purpurea, the brilliantly-coloured
Renanthera Imschootiana, and R. annamensis, Rolfe, having smaller
orange-coloured flowers spotted with crimson.

eesti RI

ORCHID PORTRAITS.
ARACHNANTHE ANNAMENSIS, Rolfe.—Gard. Chron., 1906, i. p. 290, fig.
118 ; Gard. Mag., 1906, p. 300, with fig.
BRASSOCATTLEYA X THE BARON.—Gard. Chron. 1906, i. p. 281, with
Suppl. fig.

192 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [JUNE, 1906.

CATTLEYA LABIATA Mrs. FRANcIS WELLESLEY.—Gard. Mag., 1906, p.
303, with fig.
CATTLEYA SCHREDER& ALBA.—Gard. Chron., 1906, i. p. 300, fig. 122.

_ CYPRIPEDIUM BELLATULUM.—fourn. Hort., 1906, i. p. 427, with fig.
CyPRIPEDIUM FAIRRIEANUM.—Gard. Alb., i. p. 61, with fig.
CYPRIPEDIUM X LAWREBEL.—Gartenfl., 1906, p. 225, t. 1550.
DENDROBIUM AUREUM.— Journ. Hort., 1906, i. p. 405, with fig.
EPIPACTIS LATIFOLIA.—Garden, 1906, i. p. 256, with fig.

HABENARIA BIFOLIA.—Garden, 1906, i. p. 257, with fig.

LISTROSTACHYS HAMATA, Rolfe.—Bot. Mag. t. 8074.

ODONTOGLOSSUM CRISPUM QUEEN OF THE EartH—Gard. Chyon., 1906,
i. p. 209, fig. 126.

ONCIDIUM LANCEANUM.—Gartenwelt, 1906, p. 403, with fig.

OPHRYS APIFERA.—Garden, 1906, i. p. 257, with fig.

STAUROPSIS LISSOCHILOIDES.— Fourn. Hort., 1909, ii. p. 471, with fig.

—— + -

CORRESPONDENCE.

(Correspondents not answered here may find replies to their queries on other pages, and in some
cases, for various reasons, they may have to stand over for a future issue. In the case of hybrid
seedlings sent for name, the parentage and history should always be briefly stated, for without these
details we ave not always able to deal with them satisfactorily.)

F.M.O. A light yellow form of Odontoglossom x Adrianze, a very variable natura
hybrid between O. Hunnewellianum and O. crispum. It should improve greatly as it becomes
stronger.

P.R. A heavily spotted form of Odontozglossum x Adrianz (see preceding note).
H. J.C. Maxillaria grandiflora, Lindl.

E.N. Avery heavily blotched and handsome form, which should be taken care of.
E.C. Many thanks. Note next month.

M.de W. Vanda Denisoniana:

E.O.0. Odontoglossum x Coradinei.

H. H. Unavoidably postponed.

N. B. Manythanks. Hope to utilise it next month.

Owing to pressure on our Space through the Temple Show several articles and notes are
unavoidably postponed till next month.

LYSOFORM.—We have received from the British Lysoform Co. a sample bottle of
: and dieinfect + ;

0
od. It is essentially
a 40 per cent. saponaceous solution of formaldehyde, one of the most powerful antiseptics
and disinfectants known, being also colourless and non-poisonous. For use as an insecti-

‘

especie ¢
that it has proved efficacious in destroying fungoid growths, and in other ways
ce sho possess great advantages if equally efficacious
respects, and experiments are said to have been made on a large scale.
hah GUE RECEIVED.—Catalogue of Brazilian Orchids, &c., from M. P. M. Binot
109, Kue Gallait, Brussels. M. Binot announces his return to Brasil shortly.

‘ nom
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THE

ORGH ED REVIEW:

Hn S§llustrated Monthly Journal of Orchidology.

Contents.

PAGE PAGE
Answers to Correspondents 224,| Obituary os ce vil Pe a
Calendar of Operations for July... 203 Reginald Yo oung . ss 200
Cattleya x Lucieniana 208 | Odontioda x Vuyls tekeze (Fi ig. 26) ove. 217
ca Mn gee oA (Fi is: 25) 209 | Odontoglossum crspum Variation in ... “193
robium lasioglossum. 222 | Odo ontoglossum Sass o¢0 200
Dendtobum Willtamsian um 218 | Odontoglossum x ‘Thompsonianum sid ae
Fungus Co-operation in Orchid Roots Orchid Growing in the T -_ evs + 198
(Fig. 24) eas : : zor Orchid Por bis ree 7 a
Gomesa scandens x ae <n .. 208 Orchids in ihe ae Ue i |
Hybridist yk Pa phispedlitea Se Maudie 2s Wir 207
toglossum x Terpsichore... ... 221 | Societies eet or ae
pal isa among Orchids... etn WOO Birmingham Botanical & Horticultural 215
No yes és mR i ae een North of Bis ca Orchid 214
Sibieclties cs an ae eat Gs oO val Horticultural 210
Yorkshire Gala # ee su a 216

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4

ere ORCHID REVIEW.

Vor. ALV.} JULY, 1906. [No. 163.

VARIATION IN ODONTOGLOSSUM CRISPUM.
UNDER this title Mr. De Barri Crawshay has contributed an interesting
paper to the Gardeners’ Chronicle (1906, i. p. 338), which, at his suggestion,
we reproduce here. There has been much speculation as to the origin of
the so-called blotched forms of O. crispum, and a few have been already
definitely recognised as hybrids, while others have been suspected as such.
The appearance of secondary hybrids from O. crispum is likely to throw a
flood of light on the question, and three such have already appeared and
been figured in our pages. Mr. Crawshay has now tried to trace the
geographical distribution of these spotted forms, and the well-known fact
that O. Hunnewellianum and O. triumphans, with the hybrids O. x
Adrianz and O. X loochristiense, are not found in the localities whence the
earlier importations of O. crispum came is important in this connection.
Further evidence as to the precise distribution of the species and hybrids of
the O. crispum district would be most acceptable. The following is Mr.
Crawshay’s article.—ED.

“TI have long been considering the sectional distinctions of the
enormous number of named varieties of this species. Every year they
become more linked up by the appearance of new forms of this complex
plant, for since the gigantic importations of recent years from newer
districts, the variation in‘the spotting is seen to be more marked and in
itself more varied than it was in the ’eighties and early ‘nineties. This has
resulted from spotted forms coming from the district where O. Hunne-
wellianum and O. triumphans represent the brown and yellow species that
are the equivalents of O. luteopurpureum and of O. gloriosum in the
‘Pacho’ districts.

“Primarily, the districts themselves from which the plants come are
widely separated and can be sectionised, for Fusagasuga, La Vega, Pacho,
San Cayetano, Chiquinquira, and Velez are all far enough apart to
constitute ample difference in the general type of the crispums from each
place, résulting from natural circumstances. I take these names as in-
dicating the districts, but, of course, the area is much larger than is

193

oe THE ORCHID REVIEW. (JULY, 1906,

ordinarily implied by the name of the town more or less in its centre,

“It is easier to commence by clearing away the negatives first, and 50
Pacho may at once be written off as a crispum-producing area to-day ; but
it has two extended ends ; to its S.W., La Vega, which sends its supplies to
Facatativa, and to its N.E., San Cayetano. From both these districts |
come fine forms of crispum, agreeing in all respects with the grand, heavy —
flowers known in the ’seventies and early eighties as ‘O’Reilly’s’ and —
St. Albans varieties, which produced such fine round flowers as ‘The
Duchess,’ for which Sir Trevor Lawrence paid, on November 16th, 1882, _
forty guineas for ‘half the plant’; apiatum, whose history is already well- :

oe

known; Ballantinei, Hrubyanum (by the way, where is this fine thing now?), —
Sanderianum, Thompsonianum, Veitchianum, and Baroness Schréder. The —
crispums emanating from this district that have too large a proportion of luteo-
purpureum influence in them to permit them to be called true crispums are
Alpha, Cooksonianum, Evelina, nobilius, pardalinum, Princess Christian,
Schréderianum, Stevensii, The Earl, and Wolstenholmiz. |
‘“‘La Vega has carried on the high character of Pacho, and produced ‘
such fine forms as Cooksoniz, Franz Masereel, Pittianum, and Seraphim. :
“San Cayetano has done its share also, in furnishing Abner Hassall, de —
Barri, Persimmon and Donovan.
‘‘ When we get to Chiquinquira the type of crispum pure and simple —
becomes quite changed; the numerous spotted varieties are not of such
grand form and size as those above-mentioned, but occasionally among :
them comes a really fine massive bloom. This is very difficult to account ~
for on natural lines, but there are many ways that suggest themselves to an
expert in these matters. In this district the innumerable forms of Adrian®
appear, and, of course, the continual intercrossing by the agency of insects 4
has produced such an interminable chain of links that it has become :
difficult to say what is crispum and what is Adrianz, for each has many
points in common with the other. Scores of ‘ vellow crispums’ appear in |
these importations, but the yellow disappears in a few days, leaving a dirty
white, sometimes called ‘creamy,’ sometimes not even the dirty white.
There can be no doubt that a crispum having yellow in it, even though —
fugitive, cannot be a crispum pure and simple. It is impossible for 4 —
€rispum to possess the attributes of the various species growing with it and :
be a true crispum at the same time. This statement has a direct bearing
“pon many varieties called crispum, but which are no doubt crosses —
between a crispum and an Adriana. Pe:
“It is hardly worth while discussing the crispums from Velez; it wills
suffice to say that they are small and worthless. No one whothas any

tegard for his reputation or the satisfaction of his clients ever sends them
out of the district,

ere

he Cae at é
GE Seta Ser

ie

= ee aly a ree pee =
SR OO eee ponies sod Pay

JuLy, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 195

“The five brown and yellow species are grouped differently in the
various districts. I, therefore, give a comparative synopsis, arranging them
in the order of their preponderance :—Fusagasuga, Lindleyanum,
gloriosum, luteopurpureum ; Chiquinquira, Hunnewellianum, triumphans,
Lindleyanum, luteopurpureum. It is manifestly impossible to say these
are exactly relative quantities, but they are roughly correct, it being also
inferentially proved by the hybrids resulting from the importations.

“There is one other factor in Nature’s creation of blotched crispums
which may have played a very important part ; that is the variety roseum.
The prevalence of roseum is greatest at San Cayetano, becomes less at
Fusagasuga, Pacho, La Vega, Chiquinquira, and least at Velez.

“In ‘Pacho’ and ‘Fusagasuga’ days we had only crispums which at
times showed characters of luteopurpureum or gloriosum or Lindleyanum.
Alpha, Stevensii, Cooksonianum, leopardinum have evidence of luteopur-
pureum ; the last has so much in it that it is an admitted Wilckeanum, and
Stevensii will ere long be so-called, and I doubt not that the hybridist will
Prove several others to be in the same category.

“When Chiquinquira was drawn upon, the innumerable varieties began
to appear, and that complex thing, a spotted crispum, spread out in all
directions towards the five brown and yellow species that grow amongst it
in this district. Adrianz caught us napping, or, rather, not awake, and
when ‘loochristiense ’ came we did not quite understand it, though we did
Mot all consider it an ‘excellens.’. Henceforward scores of spotted forms
kept cropping up, ranging over a wide area of variation and arrangement of
markings. It is quite easy in the clearest of these to recognise their descent
‘by the difference of colouration, the shape, and position of the spots.

“In this group there are great numbers of so-called crispums that I
have not a shadow of a doubt are crosses between crispum and Adriane ;
they will ultimately be relegated to O. Fascinator, which*has been raised
artificially. They comprise Ami Charles, Kegeljani, tesselatum, Whateleyz,
Confetti, Duke of York, Prebendary Bevan, The Kaiser, besides many
named forms in collections.

“It will be seen in the above ‘ crispums’ of each section I have mostly
named those certificated by the Royal Horticultural Society, as they are
more widely known, and also because they have had their portraits painted
for that Society’s collection, and are therefore easy of reference ; but there
are many more that could be added, though the above suffice, and their
-Origin as to district is in most cases indisputably known to the writer.

“* Atithe present time the evidence shown by the garden-hybrids has not
thrown very much light upon the imported plants, but as more results
‘bloom, the facts will become clearer, and in most cases there will be but
little doubt left.

196 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [JULy, 1906.

‘“‘O. x Fascinator (crispum x Adriane), raised by Mr. Charlesworth,
and O. X Stewartianum (Andersonianum X crispum heliotropium) raised
by Mr. Stewart, have already proved the Adrianzs and Andersonianums.

that looked much like crispum to be crosses between the hybrid and the :

parent species, and many others will follow to add further proof thereon, as.
well as in analogous cases.

“‘It has already become very difficult to lay down a hard and fast rule,.
and when experts disagree, who can decide whether a plant is a crispum or
an Adriane or a crispumish Adriane, otherwise now a Fascinator?

‘J have known a discussion arise as to the status of a plant when

‘experts disagreed as to whether it was a garden hybrid or an imported
plant, and also whether it was acrispum ora hybrid. I have long since
placed many varieties in this section; now we have absolute proof of it.
The same remarks apply to Andersonianum and Coradinei, among which
despised hybrids there are a few that are fine ones; these, no doubt, are
the result of blotched crispums crossed with the original hybrid.

“The foliowing varieties of Andersonianum may be separated as:
‘ Stewartianums’:—Bogaerdianum, Crawshayanum, obstupefaciens, Pol-:
lettianum, and Youngianum. :

‘The varieties of Coradinei that come under this rule are :—Crawshay-
anum, mirabile, Mrs. de B. Crawshay, and Theodora. I mention this last.
variety in my own collection, though it has not yet been shown, but those’
who have seen it pronounce it indisputably a cross between a blotched.
crispum and O. Coradinei, and as it bears distinct evidence, I quote it in.
support of my argument.

** Reviewing the matter quite dispassionately, I do not think that things

are as clear as they would be if all would do their best to clear the air Ob 4

many doubts, to use no stronger word.’—DE BARRI CRAWSHAY.

INDIVIDUALISM AMONG ORCHIDS.
(Concluded from page 166.)

WE went next to Mr. Charlesworth’s. We had anticipated our visit here —

with keen pleasure, and the result more than justified our expectation.

One often has the question put by outsiders, ‘‘ Where do Orchids come
from?” In answering now, besides giving the ordinary geographical areas;
one will have to add ‘‘and England.”

Here is a veritable seedling land; thousands and thousands of them;
and looking as healthy and happy as possible. Mr. Charlesworth is raising

- the Odontoglossums as freely as the Cattleya and Lelia seedlings; 2
this wonderful success is no chance matter either, but is the outcome of a
years of study and experiment—adding knowledge bit by bit, gaining ” 4

=

JULY, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 197

light even from failures—till now the question is not how to raise but what
to raise, to get the best possible results.

Mr. Charlesworth was good enough to give us the outline of some
possibilities he has in view. For instance, one Odontoglossum hybrid of
his own raising will shortly be in flower; this he intends recrossing with a
very fine variety of one of its parents, and he expects to obtain from this
second cross a flower that has hitherto been regarded as a species. We had
the same result in mind, but intend working in a different way, namely, by
‘crossing the accomplished fact with itself. Possibly we shall obtain the
same thing—possibly not—but his, although the longer, is the more useful
‘way, because, if his idea is correct, he will prove the origin of this so-called
‘species, which would be a very great advantage.

Mr. Charlesworth is a real enthusiast, and seems to find great pleasure
in his work, a pleasure easily understood, especially as it is crowned with
‘such success.

In going to Mr. MacBean’s we knew what to expect—we had been
before. Fine growths, fine bulbs, fine spikes; in fact the growth is so
exuberant that the plants seem to break double, and break back in a most
‘desirable way, and from sheer love of growing, as though their great vigour
‘could not find vent in one lead only. I think some of this success is due to
careful potting with good lasting material, so that frequent disturbance is
not necessary, and keeping the plants in comparatively small pots. There
‘can be no doubt as to the impression left from a visit here, and an Orchid
lover could have no greater treat than a walk through these houses.

Mr. Bolton is the fortunate possessor of plenty of space for his plants, a
thing that a good many of us are suffering from the need of.

He has a large number of houses, and very conveniently arranged, the
most of them running right and left of a corridor. Those occupied by
‘Odontoglossums seem to. be supplied with more than the usual amount of
ventilation; they strike one on entering as being so very fresh and airy.
The stagings, too, are very low, and one seems to be able to look down on
to the plants. I believe Mr. Bolton imports a great many of his own
‘Odontoglossums, and the type seems distinctly good, for we saw some dis-
tinctly good shaped flowers open on plants flowering for the first time ; and,
besides, one of the grandest known crispums flowered out of his plants and
‘was named after him. We saw some splendidly-grown Miltonia vexillaria,
and some Cattleya gigas in the pink of condition, and breaking very
strongly. Cypripediums are great favourites of Mr. Bolton and he has
‘specialized in the albino varieties, increasing his stock largely by division,
but also by raising from seed obtained by self-fertilization.

In looking back on our visit to Mr. Crawshay’s collection, several things
Stand out, one being the great number of plants he manages to get into

198 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [Juny, 1906.

each house, he having them not only on the ordinary stagings, but on

shelves at the back, and hanging all over the roof. Another is the very fine

growths and spikes he obtains there, and last, but certainly not least, his —

marked success in raising Odontoglossum seedlings.

He has them in all sizes, from the tiny ones first germinating up to
flowering stage. As is well known, Mr. Crawshay has made a special study
of the distinctive feature of Odontoglossums, and having hundreds of dried
blooms in a wonderful state of preservation he has exceptional opportunity
for this work. In many cases he has the flowers of the same plant kept
year by year, so one can see at a glance the range of alteration in the size
of the flower and its markings as the plant has been stronger or weaker. A
look through these flowers is an education in itself, and a talk with Mr
Crawshay on this mutually interesting subject always means something
fresh to think about. EmILy THWAITES.

ORCHID-GROWING IN THE TROPICS.
(Concluded from page 67).

The spring of 1882 found me in New York just at the period of the
glut in the Orchid market, a time when valuable Orchids brought very
low prices, and at times could not receive even a bid at an auction. It.
was a favourable opportunity to take to Brazil many East Indian Orchids.
I saw no reason why they should not succeed, but as in Para there was not.
to my knowledge a single Orchid not Brazilian, it was an experiment. I
sent to Para many Dendrobiums, Vandas, Aérides, Cymbidiums, and also
more common East Indian Orchids; also many Cattleya Mossie, Dowiana,
and Mendelii, and other American Orchids not indigenous to Brazil.
These were dry auction-imported plants bought for a trifle, but they have
generally done well and are becoming established, with the exception of

‘
;
:
i
3
i

Z|

Cattleya Mossiz, of which the losses have been large, the unusual rains of 4

the last winter having rotted the young growths.

PHAL#NoPSIDS.—These charming plants have always been favourites

with me, as with every lover of Orchids. I have never been a believer in

the Russian bath treatment of Phalenopsis, and, though accustomed to # —

moist, tropical climate, I never enjoyed the temperature of a Phalaenopsis

house, but I had always believed, in common with all cultivators, that these

plants required a greater quantity of moist heat than other Orchids. ,

believed that if the plants survived the ocean voyage, it would only be to —

die in Para, as I have no conveniences of a greenhouse or any place W

hich 1
would consider suitable for growing them, and the idea of Phalznopsis ge 4
basket plants on an open piazza would, if indeed it had suggested i 7
me, have been considered to be almost absurd. A little, clay-barred basket

JULY, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 199

of Phalenopsis rosea given by a friend I accepted, however, by way
of experiment. It was wrapped in cotton wool and put in one of the boats
on board the steamer, on the deck. The canvas cover of the boat was
thrown off every fine day, and plenty of light and air admitted. The foliage
turned a little yellow, but the plant arrived at Para, after a long and at
first very stormy voyage, in gcod condition. Plants of Phalaenopsis.
amabilis and Schilleriana were also in the boat, but in a tight-closed case
with other Orchids. Both were nice, healthy young plants on blocks. On
opening the case in Para, both came out in: healthy condition. The
question then was, what to do with them? As the best treatment, the
blocks with the two plants were placed in baskets filled with rough charcoal
and sphagnum moss, and the three Phalznopsids were hung under an
easterly piazza, where they had a full light and direct sun for about an
hour in the morning, but not where the wind could blow heavily on them.
Daily I looked at them, expecting to see them grow sickly and die. Instead
of this, Phalanopsis rosea soon regained a healthy, green colour and
showed a strong flower-spike, and the other two began to make new
roots, which were soon followed by a new leafon each. This was early in
October, 1882, and by 1883 the plants had doubled in size and Phalzenopsis
rosea had been in bloom for five months, with two spikes of flowers. The
plants never had any protection day or night. The treatment was a
syringing about seven o’clock each morning, which was omitted if the
sphagnum appeared moist. October, November, and the first part
of December, 1882, were months of unprecedented dryness in Para. Instead
of an almost daily shower, no rain fell, and the air, usually moist, was very
dry. The daily afternoon rains began about the middle of December, and
until May. the rainfall has been unusually great. The plants have thus
experienced the two extremes of excessive drought and unusual moisture in
the air. I am unable to perceive that this change had had any effect upon
them. The temperature of Para varies from 78° to 85° in the shade. Rain
occurs usually every afternoon, often only a slight shower, but the mornings
are always bright. The evenings, after the shower, are usually bright and
still, though this past winter there have been many cloudy and some rainy
nights. There is generally a cool, fresh breeze blowing during the day, but
tempests, tornadoes, and such beatitudes of a temperate clime are unknown.
About April rst I was obliged to move from my house to one which had no
Open piazza for my Phalenopsids. As the rains were excessive, I was
afraid to put them out under trees with other Orchids, though Aérides,
Vandas, and Saccolabiums were there doing well, and making wonderfully
Strong, healthy growth and roots. The only place that offered was a
shelf outside a north-west window. There the three baskets were placed,
and not even hung up, as I had my doubts as to the suitability of the

ane. THE ORCHID REVIEW. (JULY, 1906,

place. The second day the strong afternoon sun, which rests for two
hours directly upon the plants, burnt a large hole in the largest leaf of
Phalznopsis Schilleriana, but the other plants received no injury. The
plants receive more or less rain with every shower. Two months have now
passed, and the plants remain in the window. The treatment is, if dry, to a
give them a little water in the early morning. ‘lhey all show dark, healthy :
foliage, and the markings of the leaves of P. Schilleriana are remarkably
bright. Messrs. Low’s collector, who saw the plants a few days ago, said —
he had never seen three more healthy Phalznopsids. PP. Schilleriana and
rosea, in the last two months, have each made a new leaf and three new —
roots, and P. amabilis a very large leaf, four very strong new roots, and is _
pushing a very strong flower-spike. What shall we say? Is the experience ,
of eight months too little to thence deduce the practicability of growing —
Phalznopsids as basket, piazza, or window plants in Para? Can we not
rather reasonably conclude that Phalenopsids are much more hardy than —
is generally supposed, that steam bath culture is a mistake, and that the
plants with less heat and moisture would succeed, and, perhaps, do better
and be more healthy?

peed

ODONTOGLOSSUM HABITATS.
In further elucidation of the point raised at p. 127, I can state that the
hybrid between Odontoglossum Hunnewellianum and a form of lute
purpureum, is in existence. It bloomed in the collection of J. S. Moss, 4
Esq., Wintershill Hall, Bishops Waltham, this spring. I saw it, and have
no doubt as to the luteo parentage, but it would be difficult to state defin-
itely if it was Hunnewellianum or Adriane. 4
In reference to M. F. Claes’ note at p. 167, I have bloomed O. luteo- :
purpureum out of his importations, once, from plants bought of him between ‘
September 15th, 1899, and April 24th, 1g00. I have this plant still, and —
am absolutely certain of its origin, as I am most careful as to my system of ;
labelling and recording my purchases. 4
He also bloomed O. X Wilckeanum Mme. F. Claes, which he showed
at the R.H.S. as a crispum on June 19th, rgoo, but which he subsequently :
sold as a Wilckeanum, which it undoubtedly was.
It would be interesting if M. Claes could state where the importation
came from, out of which I bloomed luteopurpureum and he bloom |
Wilckeanum ; whether they came from the “new districts where. the large :
blotched forms of crispum”’ come from, or not. Of course, we cannot”
expect him to publish his localities in detail, but he could, perhaps, §!V° a
sufficient indication to locate them upon a map as distinguished fon
‘“Pacho” or “Velez.” It would supplement my article in the Gardeners -
Chronicle for June 2, 1906 [reproduced at p. 193.—Ep.].—pDE B. CRAWSHAY:

mh 3 ss 2
seer = Sate
Te Stee ae RPeeB ees ete a See

JuLy, 1906. |

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

FUNGUS CO-OPERATION IN ORCHID ROOTS.

THE May number of the Orchid Review contains, under the title ‘“‘ Fungus

Co-operation in Orchid roots,”

researches on the germination
of Orchids and, in particular,
Odontoglossums (p. 154). I
am pleased to send you a photo-
graph showing the results of
my experiments in this subject.

The culture tubes represented
in the photograph (fig. 24) are
ordinary glass tubes, closed by
a plug of cotton-wool and
covered above this by a cap of
tinfoil, so as to render impossible
the entrance of moulds or other
micro-organisms. These tubes
have been sterilised by heat
before making the cultures.

The left-hand tube contains
seeds of an Odontoglossum
which had been sown aseptic-
ally, without any other growth,
on the inclined surface of the
whitish nutritive jelly occupy-
ing the lower part of the tube,
and had remained for a period
of four months. These seeds
have simply turned green and
swollen slightly, but they have
not otherwise developed, and
they are in the photograph only
distinguishable as points on the
wet surface of the jelly.

The second tube contains a
culture made in the same way
with the seeds of the same
plant, but which has_ been
inoculated for two and a-half

an

article

in

which are

discussed

my

months with a fungus found on the roots of Odontoglossums. The fungus
has developed, forming on the surface of the nutritive jelly a delicate net-

202 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [Juty, 1906,

work (invisible in the photograph), and it has also affected the seeds, for
one can see well that all these are germinating in a regular manner, and
contrast by their development with those in the neighbouring tube.

In the absence of the fungus, the seeds, even after six or seven months.
of culture, are still in the same condition as is seen in the first tube. Ing
the presence of the fungus, on the contrary, they prosper and develop —
quite regularly.

The third tube shows up to what point the culture of young Orchid
plants may be pushed under these experimental. conditions which I obtain. .
The seedling in question is a Phalznopsis, coming from a seed sown seven a .
months previously on a piece of cotton wool, dipping at the base intoa _
nutritive liquid. In this case also, the development cannot be obtained
except in the case of a suitable fungus. In the photograph one can see a 3
part of the mycelium of this fungus, which forms a whitish mass submerged q |
in the liquid in the lower part of the tube. The plant is about the middle
of the tube, and the best leaf, it will be seen, is three-eighths of an inch long-

glossum is very variable, and the cultures which I have obtained at different
times (from the roots of different Odontoglossums) have shown a very.
unequal amount of activity. Some brought about germination with more
.or less rapidity. Others, although they were identical in appearance, had
no appreciable effect.
I do not doubt that one could, in time, and with appropriate methods,
obtain extremely active cultures of these fungi. . It would be sufficient to
Propagate these cultures so as to give to all cultivators facilities for.
germinating Odontoglossum seeds as readily as those of Cattleya. That,
, however, could only be the work of a laboratory specially fitted out for the
study of these questions, and I am strongly of opinion that Orchid amateuts
will one day see the utility of a suitable laboratory for such horticultural —
research. Assuredly, if this laboratory did exist, it would not be in a com-
dition to solve to-day or to-morrow all the problems that underlie the —

JULY, 1906.) THE ORCHID REVIEW. 203.

delicate culture of Orchids. After seven years devoted to the study of this
subject, I hope at least to have fixed the principles which are to be applied
in order to attain rapidly to the solution of these practical problems.
NoEL BERNARD,
Maitre de conférences a la Faculté des Sciences
Caen (Calvados) France.

CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS FOR JULY.
By J. M. Brack, Streatham.

THERE was once a time that between the spring and early summer-flower-
ing Cattleyas and Lelias and those that flower in the autumn a gap
existed, but this gap has in recent years been filled up by hybrids between
the late-flowering and early-flowering species. The long-bulbed, summer
flowering section of Cattleyas has been most useful for linking up the two.
We have now a series of hybrids following each other in flower throughout
the summer, and practically unbroken throughout the whole year. Those
hybrids which have for one of their parents C. Loddigesii, C. Leopoldi, C.
granulosa, C. bicolor, or any other of the diphyllous, long-bulbed group
of Cattleya, finish their pseudobulbs and flower straight away, with hardly
any waiting in sheath; but that is no reason why some little difference
should not be made in their treatment at this period. When we are
satisfied that the pseudobulb has made sufficient progress, which, in most
cases, will be when the base of the sheath can be seen, a modified ripening
up process may commence. It would be difficult to say off-hand what the
optimum growing conditions of these plants are, but we can safely assume
that a lower temperature, more light, more air, and less moisture, both
atmospherically and at the root, than go to make up these conditions will
be best suited for flower production. Although we know perfectly well that
the closing up of the houses in the afternoon gives an impetus to growing
plants, we cannot imagine it being good for the plant which wants its.
energy for the building up of its inflorescence. At this period it would seem
reason to suppose that the plant does not want further inciting to vegetate,.
but instead wants putting into training, to use a sporting phrase, for the
effort which is awaiting it. All gardeners know that forced flowers have not
the colour and texture of those allowed to mature naturally.

When the sheath is well up I should advise that the plants be removed.
to one end of the house, so that they can receive more air, and, in conjunc-
tion, more sunning ; they should at this stage be flooded with as much light
as the foliage will stand. By this means the tissue will become firm and
ripened, and good blooms will follow. To ripen the plant after it has
flowered will be locking the stable door after the horse has been stolen. It.

204 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [Juty, 1906. 7

is most difficult in a house containing plants of different natures and at ‘
different stages of their growth to give all fair treatment, and while we may s
all know what is good practice, most of us know how difficult it is at times
to put it into execution. To raise plants in sheath above the others will

give them more airy surroundings, but the complete solution would be to | |

place them together away from actively growing plants, so that they could
be treated separately. If our summer was twice as long and more to be
relied upon, we could give the plants longer to grow, and the optimum
growing conditions would not have to enter so much into our calculations.
PoTTING.—It has been to me something of a problem to know the best
time to repot these Cattleya hybrids which flower during late summer.
Root-action continues after the blooming period, although no new growth
appears until next spring. It seems to me that those plants which flower
up to the end of September should be repotted after flowering. These long-
bulbed Cattleya hybrids grow very quickly. C. X Atalanta will start to
grow in April, and show the sheath by the end of May. By the middle ~
-of June the sheath will be right up, although the leaves will grow and the |
bulbs lengthen and thicken after that. To repot this plant in April would
be manifestly unreasonable, as it would have to re-establish itself, make its
growth, and flower, all within a period of, at the most, five months. If this
plant be repotted on flowering and carefully watered, it will re-establish
itself quickly, and the autumn-made roots will not get torn away from the
pot at the very time that the plant has particular need of them. We do not
like to see Cattleyas flowering and making a new pseudobulb at the same
time, but it is not unusual in favoured localities for Cattleya Triane to
make up a pseudobulb quickly in the beginning of the year and flower
simultaneously with the one made normally the previous summer. I have
seen Cattleya Mossiz flowering and showing the sheath in the growths for
next year’s blooming. In a case of that kind one must wait until the bulb
is finished and repot (if necessary, of course) when rooting from the finished
bulb. This is better than disturbing the plant when right in the midst of
its growth. C. Mossi# and the early-flowering species can safely be
repotted when the flowering bulb for the next spring is completed in sheath

if the next growth is too far advanced to be deemed safe for a shift when the

plant has flowered. But I might say, inter alia, that this impulse to get Om :
has not been a source of concern at Streatham. A fog which leaves 4
deposit in your nose, and which makes your eyes smart—which coats the
glass like pitch, and takes the leaves of the geraniums now and then during
the winter, curbs any plantine frolic of this kind in the spring-flowering
Cattleyas.
COCHLIODAs.—Since the appearance in 1904 of Odontioda x
Vuylstekez, Cochliodas have been very much in demand by raisers, ocCUPY”

Juzy, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 205

ing that place among Odontoglossums that Sophronitis grandiflora does
among Cattleyas, and we may look forward to seeing in time in general
cultivation a series of lovely hybrids between them and the Odontoglos-
sums. C. Noetzliana is the best of the genus, and then come C. vulcanica,
the only other two in cultivation, I believe, being C. rosea and C. sanguinea.
When strong they last a long time in flower, the bottom flowers fading
before the top ones are open. A plant of C. vulcanica was quite ten weeks
in flower at Chessington this season. ‘he culture is practically the same
as that afforded to Odontoglossum crispum. They should be potted in the
compost recommended for Odontoglossums, in particularly well drained
small pots or pans, when the new growth is an inch or two high.

CALANTHES.—These plants are now well advanced, and the pots being
well filied with roots, they will require abundance of water. They will
benefit by being watered once or twice a week with weak liquid manure, or,
if that is not procurable, with some other fertilizer ; but the extent to which
feeding may be done will depend on the nature of the loam in which they
were potted. They require abundance of light to ensure ripening.

Oncipiums.—Oncidiums generally, and particularly those of the
crispum section, deteriorate quickly if not treated with much discretion.
The pseudobulbs are usually small in comparison to the size of the spikes
they throw up, and the plant is in danger of being drained if the spikes are
allowed to remain on for long. On flowering, these cool-growing species.
require a long rest in comparative dryness, but when growing and develop-
ing their spikes, which in some cases, such as O. macranthum, are a long
time on their way, they require large quantities of water, and the compost
must in consequence be of an open and good lasting character.

SOPHROCATTLEYAS AND SOPHROL&#LIAS.—We have a_ nice little
collection of these elegant and brilliant hybrids, which, from the difficulty
attending their raising, are likely to remain very scarce. They grow best
with us in the Cattleya house, in pots of limited dimensions, and in the
compost recommended for Cattleyas. Cattleya treatment generally suits
them, and they are really very satisfactory growers, once they have attained
a certain size. We potted those of flowering size this spring particularly
firm, surfacing with peat, with just an occasional tuft of moss. I -think
this suits them better than an all-moss surfacing, as the roots get more air,
and the water passes through more freely, and, although the Sophronitis
parent is usually regarded as a rather shade-loving plant, we find these
hybrids enjoy a large amount of sunshine.

SEEDLING ORCHIDS.—Seed sown in spring will now be germinating, and
in some cases it may be advisable to transfer the larger to other pots.
There is a little grub which makes its appearance in the compost, and which
has accounted for a good many seedlings in the germination stage. When

-206 THE ORCHID REVIEW.

this pest appears one is sometimes constrained to prick off sooner than
would otherwise be the case. If the seedlings are not being eaten, and ar
otherwise progressing, leave them alone as long as possible, as they wi
make much more rapid headway than if changed. This is one of th
things that are difficult to account for, but it may be supposed that t
‘hairs which spread out from the seed before the root makes its appearance,
-excrete some substance which renders the required constituents soluble,
-the same way that roots are said to do, and when the seedling is laid
‘fresh material it has to wait until it has got these constituents into a con
-dition fit for absorption. At any rate the fact remains that when these tiny
rootless seedlings are removed, they leave some fostering agent behind.
Routine work was dealt pretty fully with last month. :
THE Horipay SEAsoN.—I may be permitted to remind forgetful people —
that we are now in the midst of the holiday season. No one is more |
-deserving of, and no one will benefit more by, ten or fourteen days’ change —
than those employed among the Orchids. This is hardly calendarial, but
[ should have no difficulty in associating the two. This holiday is nota —
favour nor a concession, but a right, and the giving of it a duty, and in =
-every establishment it should be possible to arrange matters as soon as the .
busy season is over. a

OBITUARY.
REGINALD YouNG.—It is with deep regret that we have to announce the 4
-death of this well-known Orchidist, which took place at his residence, 3,
Linnet-lane, Sefton-park, Liverpool, on June 7th last. The deceased gentle-
man, who was 62 years of-age, has been a victim to diabetes for some Con
siderable time, and the malady which brought about the end, after some six
weeks of suffering, was one of the sequel often associated with this disease
He was interred at Smithdown-road Cemetery on Saturday, June gth.

Mr. Young has been an enthusiastic cultivator of Orchids for about #
-quarter of a century, and of late years has devoted himself largely
-Cypripedes, in the raising of which—with the assistance of his able gardenet,
Mr. Thomas J. Poyntz, who has been with him about twenty years—he has
been very successful. We had the pleasure of visiting him in 1899; and

gave an account of the collection (O.R. v. Pp. 275-277), when we wrote :—
“The Cypripediums, however, are Mr. Young’s special hobby, and of these
he has a fine collection, besides hundreds of his own seedlings, in all stages
from the tiniest seedlings up to those that have reached the flowering sta8®
These belong to upwards of 150 different batches, raised between 1892 4%
1898, and some good things may be anticipated during the next few years:
Mr. Young has recorded all his crosses in the most careful manner, and
further has the most complete list of hybrids of this group from all sources

JuLy, 1506.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 207

that we know of, as he keeps all the additions posted up as they appear in
a thoroughly systematic way. The importance of such records can hardly
be over-estimated, and we had great pleasure in looking through them.”
The work, both of seedling raising and of posting up the records, has been
continued, and now form a remarkable series. The collection, we believe,
is to be dispersed, but we cannot help hoping that the unique collection of
records will be preserved intact, as a memento of Mr. Young’s activity and
enthusiasm. A copy was given to the Royal Horticultural Society some
few years ago.

Our pages contain many records of Mr. Young’s work, as well as some
very interesting papers from his pen, and his friend, Mr. F. H. Moore, of
the Royal Infirmary, Liverpool, to whom we are indebted for part of the
above information, writes:—‘‘ The pages of the Orchid Review were a
favourite medium for giving others the benefit of his experience, and Mr.
Goossen’s Dictionnaire was enriched with many drawings and flowers from
his collection.”

A summary of Mr. Young’s work would be very interesting, but we
cannot attempt it now, though we may mention his papers on Cypripedium
Hybridisation (O.R. iii. pp. 201-202), An Ideal Cypripedium List (J.c. p.
330), and Complex Cypripedium Hybrids (iv. pp. 361-362), as instances of
the thoroughness of his work. And the history of his successful attempt
to prove the parentage of the natural hybrid Paphiopedilum X siamense,
as given at pp. 44-46 of our eleventh volume, will be historical. Mr.
Young’s name is commemorated by the handsome hybrid Paphiopedilum xX
Youngianum, raised by Messrs. Sander from P. superbiens and P.
philippinense. Mr. Young’s death is a great loss to Orchidology, and many
will regret that he was not spared to see more of the results of his long
series of interesting experiments. We hope that whatever may be the fate
of the collection, the origin of the numerous unflowered seedlings will not
be lost sight of, as some good things are likely to be found among them.

+7

PAPHIOPEDILUM x MAUDIZ.

A FLOWER of a fine hybrid between Paphiopedilum Lawrenceanum ? and
P. callosum ¢ has been sent from the collection of J. Leemann, Esq.,
Heaton Mersey, near Manchester, which carries the curious question raised
at page 125 a step further. It may be briefly described as a fine coloured
P. X Maudiz, using that name in its original significance, as an albino
hybrid from two albino parents. The flowers of the two species, as is well
known, differ chiefly in shape, P. Lawrenceanum having nearly straight
horizontal petals, while in P. callosum they are half drooping and falcate.
The hybrid clearly combines the characters of the two parents, but most

208 THE ORCHID REVIEW. (JULY, 1906.

resembles the latter in shape. The dorsal sepal is nearly three inches 7
across, with other parts in proportion, while the colour is too similar to that —
- of the parents to need description. A note on the variety Amy Leemann —

appears on page 125.

GOMESA SCANDENS.

Tuts very distinct Gomesa differs from all others in its elongated stem and
climbing habit, in allusion to which the specific name was given. It was
introduced from Brazil by M. Binot, in 1902, and flowered at Kew in July —
of the following year, when it proved identical with a dried specimen
collected by M. Glaziou (n. 14303), and was named and described, the
name afterwards appearing in the second edition of the Kew Hand-List
of Orchids (p. ror). It has since flowered annually. Owing to the elonga-
tion of the stems the pseudobulbs are distant from each other from two to
four inches, the intervening portion being clothed with imbricating
lanceolate distichous bracts. The leaves are oblong, and from two to four —
inches long, while the racemes are arching, five to seven inches long, and
bear numerous light green flowers, with narrow segments. The lateral
sepals are united for about half their length, the front lobe of the lip strongly
reflexed, and the keels and basal half white. It has recently been described —
and figured as G. Glaziovii (Cogn. in Mart. Fl. Bras. iii. pt. 6, p. 248, t- 53)s .
whence we learn that it has also been collected on trees at Serra das”
Araras, near Therezopolis, by Moura, and in woods at Serra do Macahé, at
nearly 4,000ft. elevation, by Ule. R.A. R

CATTLEYA x LUCIENIANA. :
A FLOWER of an interesting Cattleya has been sent from the collection of a
P. Smith, Esq., Haddon House, Ashton-on-Mersey, by Mr. Kitchin, who 3
states that it was purchased from Messrs. John Cowan & Co. a —
C. Schilleriana. It is apparently a form of one which appeared with :
Messrs. Stanley Ashton & Co. in an importation of C. Harrisoniana, and
was supposed to be a natural hybrid between that species and ©: —
Schilleriana. This was doubtfully referred to C. x Lucieniana, Rchb. fy
a plant whose origin was never cleared up, and which has subsequently —
been lost sight of. Its history has already been given (O.R. Xi. pP- 282, :
283). It should be added that the flower sent has distinctly undulate —
sepals and petals, rose-purple in colour, a rose-purple front lobe to the lip, i
and rosy lilac side lobes. It would be interesting to know if any further
evidence exists that the two species grow together. Since the above was
written another letter has been received from Mr. Kitchen stating that 4
Mr. Cowan is confident that the plant came with an importation of 4
C. Schilleriana. R. A. Bea

JULY, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 209
CYMBIDIUM RHODOCHILUM.

THE annexed figure represents the very distinct and handsome Cymbidium

rhodochilum, and is reproduced from a photograph kindly sent by Messrs.

William Bull & Sons, who exhibited the plant in their group at the recent

Temple Show, in which it formed a very prominent feature. It is a native

Fig. 25. CYMBIDIUM RHODOCHILUM.
nie

of Madagascar, and was originally introduced to cultivation in 1990, by
M. G. Warpur, who states that it always grows on masses of Platycerium,
on the branches of high trees, near the rivers, and on the higher slopes of

as

210 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [JULY, 1906,

‘a

the forest, at an elevation of 1,800 to 2,100 feet. It is said to prefer a
moderate degree of humidity and much light (Orch. Rev. ix. p.10). In
May, 1902, one of the plants flowered finely at Kew, producing a scape

over two feet long with about twenty flowers, and a second spike appeared
about a year later. In May, 1904, it flowered in the collection of Dr.
Hodgkinson, The Grange, Wilmslow, and was awarded a First-class
Certificate by the Manchester Orchid Society, while a year later a similar
award was given by the R.H.S. toa plant exhibited from the collection of
J. Bradshaw, Esq., The Grange, Southgate. It has two near allies, which
are both natives of Madagascar, and epiphytic in habit, namely,
C. flabellatum, Lindl., and C. Humblotii, Rolfe, the latter, according to
M. Warpur, growing on the stem of a palm, Raphia madagascariensis. It
flowered in the collection of C. Ingram, Esq., of Godalming, in 1892. The
other is unknown in cultivation. The general character of C. rhodochilum
is well shown in the annexed figure, which represents the plant rather
under half natural size. The sepals are light green, and the petals densely
spotted with blackish on a light green ground. The lip is strongly three-
lobed, and the side lobes green with black margins and a few large blotches
of similar colour, while the broadly obcordate front lobe is crimson, over an
inch and a half broad, with a yellow band on the disc spotted with olive
green. It iscertainly a very striking plant, and at present excessively rare.
It is well figured at t. 7932 of the Botanical Magazine. Our picture should
be viewed from the side, as owing to the size and shape of the photograph
we had to insert the block sideways, but there was not room to add the
name there. A. R.
SOCIETIES,
ROYAL HORTICULTURAL.

A MEETING of this Society was held at the Royal Horticultural Hall,
Vincent Square, Westminster, on June 12th last, and produced a magni
ficent display of Orchids, the awards consisting of seven medals, two First
class Certificates, seven Awards of Merit, and three Botanical Certificates:

Sir Frederick Wigan, Bart., Clare Lawn, East Sheen (gr. Mr. Young);

staged a fine group of choice things, which gained a Silver-gilt Flora

Medal. It contained several fine varieties of Cattleya Mossiz, including 4
good Reineckeana, Mrs. Egerton Grey, somewhat similar, but with @
lavender tint to the flowers, and Wageneri with eight blooms, some good
Masdevallia Harryana, a well-flowered example of Zygonisia x Rolfeana,
Odontoglossum citrosmum with its variety album, O. x Wilckeanum, O-.%
Rolfe, Phalenopsis x Schroederiana, Aérides crassifolium, Thun'@
Marshalliana, T. X Veitchiana, Brassavola Digbyana, Oncidium

JuLy, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 211

macranthum, and others, with several brilliant Lelio-cattleyas, including
Canhamiana, Martinetii, Dora magnifica, &c. Awards of Merit were given
to Oncidium monachicum, remarkable for its petals being united at the
apex with a ring, and Lelio-cattleya Kathleen Grey, a brightly-coloured
hybrid between L.-c. Canhamiana and Lelia tenebrosa.

H. S. Goodson, Esq., Fairlawn, East Putney (gr. Mr. Day), received a
Silver-gilt Flora Medal for a large and well-arranged group, containing
Lelio-cattleya Wellsiana, L.-c. Canhamiana, L.-c. Fascinator, Brasso-
cattleya Digbyano-Schroedere, Cattleya Mendelii H. A. Tracy, C. M.
Herbert Goodson, both very handsome. flowers, Miltonia vexillaria, some
fine Odontoglossums, Cymbidium Lowianum, and other plants.

F. Menteith Ogilvie, Esq., The Shrubbery, Oxford (gr. Mr. Balmforth),
gained a Silver-gilt Banksian Medal with a pretty group, containing a num-
ber of. excellent varieties of Cypripedium x Maudizw, C. niveum, and
C. callosum Sandere, together with C. bellatulum album, C. x Lawrebe]
Shrubbery var., C. x Honore, Cattleya Mossia Wageneri Stella, C. M. W-
xanthoglossa, and one or two others.

Baron Sir H. Schréder, The Dell, Egham (gr. Mr. Ballantine), showed
Cymbidium xX superbiens-Curtisii, C. insigne (Sanderi) The Dell var., and
the magnificent Cattleya Mossize Reineckeana The Baron, the last-named,
an exceptionally large form, being deservedly awarded a First-class
Certificate.

Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., Burford (gr. Mr. White), staged a splendid
group of rare Orchids, including a fine example of the handsome orange-
coloured Dendrobium Jerdonianum, covered with bloom, Masdevallia
Lindeni purpurea, M. Harryana miniata, M. H. luteo-oculata, Epiden-
drum organense, E. paniculatum, E. atropurpureum Randii, Angraecum
Scottianum, Polystachya zambesiaca, Brassocattleya striata, Cattleya x
Eurydice, Lzliocattleya Sunrise, and others. He also sent Thunia X
Veitchiana Burford var., a very handsome form (Award of Merit), the
curious Quekettia Jenmani, a neat little tuft with leaves about two inches
long and inflorescences of small white flowers (Botanical Certificate), and
Epidendrum confusum, a species allied to E. fragrans but having con-
siderably larger flowers (Botanical Certificate).

W. C. Walker, Esq., Percy Lodge, Winchmore Hill (gr. Mr. Bunney),
showed Odontoglossum crispum xanthotes Walker, a beautiful white
form bearing several orange-coloured blotches. An Award of Merit was
given,

Francis Wellesley, Esq., Westfield, Woking (gr. Mr. Hopkins), sent,
Cypripedium Lawrenceanum hackbridgense, C. L. Westfield var., Lzlio-
Cattleya Pacuvia gigantea, L.-c. Mrs. F. Gould (C. x Lawre-Mossie X L.
tenebrosa), having a light rose flower veined with claret-purple, and a

212 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [Juty,

brighter purple lip ; and Cattleya Mendelii ‘ Mrs. Frederick Knollys,”
very beautiful white variety, delicately suffused with pale pink on the p
and front of the lip, with the disc pale yellow. An Award of Merit w
given to the latter.
Miss Wilmott, Warley Place, Great Warley, Essex (gr. Mr. Gooch),
received a Botanical Certificate for the remarkable Lueddemannia —
Pescatorei, bearing a pendulous raceme of nearly four feet long, crowded
with flowers, the sepals being purple-brown and the petals and lip deep
yellow. ;
Jeremiah Colman, Esq., Gatton Park, Reigate (gr. Mr. Bound), sent
Cattleya Mossie aurea, C. M. Dormaniana, and two other fine forms,
Lelio-cattleya Canhamiana Gatton Park var. and L.-c. Martinetii. ,
J. Gurney Fowler, Esq., Glebelands, South Woodford (gr. Mr. Davis),
sent a fine form of Lelio-cattleya Canhamiana. _
H. Little, Esq., Baronshalt, Twickenham (gr. Mr. Howard), sent
Cypripedium Curtisii exquisitum and C. X javanico-superbiens Littl
var., two handsome things. ;
Messrs. Charlesworth & Co., Heaton, Bradford, staged a very fine
group to which a Silver-gilt Medal was awarded. It contained numerous
brilliant Lelio-cattleyas, the forms of L.-c. Canhamiana and Fascina
being very rich and varied, while the orange-coloured L.-c. G. S. Ball was —
very effective; other good things being the richly-coloured Lig
Canhamiana King Edward VII., two forms of L.-c. Clive, and L.-@ —
Aphrodite Brightness. There were also some good forms of Odonto-
glossum crispum, O. X Phcebe, O. X Harryano crispum, some good
Phalznopsis amabilis Rimestadtiana, &c. An Award of Merit was given
to Phalznopsis violacea Heaton var., an exceptionally fine form of the
species. E
Messrs. Sander & Sons, St. Albans, received a Silver Flora Medal for #
fine group, containing a nice batch of Phaius x Cooksone, the rare
Cymbidium Huttoni (figured at page 153), and some fine Odontoglossums
and Leelio-cattleyas, noteworthy among the former being the handsome
O. X ardentissimum, and O. x Fascinator Our King, derived from
O. crispum crossed with a good O. xX Adrianz. The flower was most like
a blotched O. crispum, having very broad white segments, evenly blotched
with chestnut brown, and some resemblance to O. x Adriane in the
markings of the lip. An Award of Merit was given to L.-c. Canhamiana
Meteor, a very handsome form, having the front of the lip very rich purple-
crimson.
Messrs. Hugh Low & Co., Bush Hill Park, Enfield, received @ Sil
Flora Medal for a good group, containing some excellent forms of Cattley®
Mendelii and C. Mossie, some good Lelia purpurata, Anguloa Clowes

JuLy, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 213

Oncidium leucochilum and O. cornigerum, Odontoglossum hastilabium,
Epidendrum radicans, various showy Léelio-cattleyas, &c. Cattleya
Mendelii The Queen is a beautiful white variety with a few reddish lines
on the disc. It came from the collection of the late Mrs. Briggs-Bury.

Messrs. Stanley & Co., Chase Side, Southgate, received a First-class
Certificate for Cattleya Mossiz Victoria-Regina, a very handsome form,
having the flowers white, delicately tinged with lavender, and the front of
the lip freckled with pale bluish purple.

Ar the meeting held on June 26th there was again a very fine display, and the
Awards consisted of one Gold and three other Medals, two First-class
Certificates, four Awards of Merit, and four Botanical Certificates.

Major G. L. Holford, C.1.E., C.V.O. (gr. Mr. Alexander), staged a
magnificent group, to which the Society’s Gold Medal was awarded. At ~
the back were some fine specimen Sobralias, the handsome Oncidium
macranthum, Phalzenopsis amabilis Rimestadtiana, Odontoglossum hastil-
abium and other tall things, with a number of brilliant Lelio-cattleyas,
Lelia tenebrosa, Cattleyas, &c. Among the more noteworthy were some
fine Cattleya Warscewiczil, one bearing a dozen fine flowers, and another
five on the same inflorescence, Lzlio-cattleya Martinetii, L.-c. callisto-
glossa Earl Grey, L.-c. Baroness Schroder, L.-c. Clive magnifica, and the
beautiful white Miltonia vexillaria Queen Victoria. In the centre was a
basket containing three plants of the rich crimson Sophrolelia leta
Orpetiana. The group was equally remarkable for arrangement and good
culture. First-class Certificates were given to Cattleya X Whitei splendid-
issima, and to Sobralia Holfordi, the latter bearing thirteen very large
macrantha-like flowers with a white throat to the lip; while an Award of
Merit was given to S. X Amesiz (xantholeuca X Wilsoniana), bearing
ten buff-yellow flowers tinged with rose.

H. L. Bischoffsheim, Esq., Warren House, Stanmore (gr. Mr. Ellis),
staged a large and handsome group, to which a Silver-gilt Flora Medal
was given. It contained a fine series of Cattleya Mossiae, some good C.
Mendelii, Lelia purpurata with sixteen flowers, L. purpurata with twelve,
and a few good Odontoglossums, including O. Hallii, O. crispum Lehmanni,
and QO. odoratum.

J. B. Joel, Esq., Northaw House, Potter’s Bar (gr. Mr. May), received
a Silver Flora Medal for a beautiful group, containing some very fine
specimens -of Cattleya Warscewiczii, several good Lelia tenebrosa, one
specimen of which had two five-flowered and two four-flowered spikes, and
a noble example of Cypripedium Rothschildianum Northaw var., bearing a
strong spike of five expanded flowers and one bud.

Sir Trevor Lawrence, Batt., Burford, Dorking (gr. Mr. White), sent a

be
214 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [JULY, 1906,
small group of interesting things, receiving an Award of Merit for Thunia
Marshalliana alba, bearing a raceme of white flowers with sulphur-yellow
disc to the lip, and Botanical Certificates to each of the following :—Stelis
muscifera, with racemes of deep purple flowers ; Cirrhopetal Amesianum,
cream white with rosy purple markings, Houlletia odoratissima var.
xanthina, a yellow form of the species, and the rare Maxillaria molitor,
Rchb. f., like a small edition of M. grandiflora.

De B. Crawshay, Esq., Rosefield, Sevenoaks (gr. Mr. Stables), received
an Award of Merit for Odontoglossum xX Queen Alexandra var. Carmen
(Harryanum X triumphans), an exceptionally fine dark form, the yellow
ground colour being greatly reduced.

H.S. Goodson, Esq., West Hill, Putney (gr. Mr. Day), received an
Award of Merit for Cattleya Mossie var. Mrs. A. Goodson, a very peculiar
form, having the sepals and petals white, more or less mottled with rose,
and the lip dark rose with a yellowish disc. s

Norman C. Cookson, Esq., Oakwood, Wylam (gr. Mr. Chapman), sent
the handsome Odontoglossum crispum Mundyanum, a very heavily blotched
form, O. c. Sandere, with the colour suffused except at the tips and
margin, O.c. Terpsichore, having broad segments suffused with rose and
blotched with light purple, O. c. Medusa, a good white evenly blotched —
with claret purple on the sepals and petals, and O. x ardentissimum —
Sibyl. me
J. H. Grogan, Esq., Slaney Park, Baltinglass, Co. Wicklow (gr. Mr. _
Cooper), sent a good dark form of Odontoglossum Harryanum. a

Francis Wellesley, Esq., Westfield, Woking (gr. Mr. Hopkins), sent
Cypripedium X Miss Sillem (Godefroyee X niveum), a pretty white flower 4
well spotted with purple.

Messrs. Hugh Low and Co., Enfield, received a Silver Banksian Medal
for a good group, including some good forms of Cattleya Mossie and
Mendelii, Cypripedium niveum, C. x Maudie magnificum, Barkeria
spectabilis, some good Dendrobiums, including the white forms of Da
crystallinum and D. Bensone, Promenzea xanthina, Bulbophyllum clap: —
tonense, and other good things. 2

Messrs. Stanley and Co., Southgate, sent Cattleya Mossiz Reineckeana
C. M. Harrisii, a pretty blush white form, having the front lobe of the lip
purple, margined with white, andC. x F. W. Wigan. a

—— a

MANCHESTER AND NORTH OF ENGLAND ORCHID. - ae
A MEETING of this Society was held at the Royal Botanical Gardens, old
Trafford, in conjunction with the usual Whitsuntide show, and produced
good display of Orchids. All the groups shown were taken as Ore
Society exhibits, and the following awards were made :—

JuLy, 1906. ] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 215

Gold Medals were awarded to E. Ashworth, Esq.,.W. Duckworth, Esq.,
A. Warburton, Esq., Messrs. Charlesworth and Co., and Messrs. James
Cypher and Sons, for fine groups.

Silver-gilt Medals were awarded to R. Ashworth, Esq., P. Smith, Esq.,
and Mrs. S. Wood, for good groups.

A Silver Medal was awarded to Messrs. J. W. Moore, and a Vote
of Thanks to Messrs. John Cowan and Co., for groups.

First-class Certificates were awarded to Cattleya Mossize Queen Victoria,
from Messrs. Hugh Low and Co., and to Lelio-cattleya x Canhamiana
Queen Victoria, from Messrs. James Cypher and Sons.

Awards of Merit were given to Cattleya Mendelii, Owen’s var., from
William Owen, Esq., and to Dendrobium xX Arthur Ashworth (D. Dal-
housieanum X Brymerianum), from E. Ashworth, Esq.

At the meeting held at the Coal Exchange, Manchester, on June 14th,
the exhibits were not numerous, but included three groups which gained
medals, other awards being few.

W. Thompson, Esq., Stone (gr. Mr. Stevens), exhibited a good group,
consisting chiefly of Odontoglossums, to which a Silver Medal was awarded.

Mrs. S. Wood, Glossop (gr. Mr. Gould), also received a Silver Medal for
a good group of miscellaneous Orchids.

P. Smith, Esq., Ashton-on-Mersey (gr. Mr. Kitchen), a a Bronze
Medal for a small group.

R. le Doux, Esq., West Derby (gr. Mr. Davenport), received a Cultural
Certificate for a handsome specimen of Ccelogyne Dayana.

A. Warburton, Esq., Haslingden (gr. Mr. Raven), received an Award of
Merit for Cattleya Mossi var. Julius Roehrs, closely allied to the variety
Wageneri.

E. Ashworth, Esq., Wilmslow (gr. Mr. Holbrook), sent Cattleya Mossize
Wageneri Queen Alexandra.

S. Briggs-Bury, Esq., Accrington (gr. Mr. Wilkinson), sent Cypripedium
Lawrenceanum Sir Trevor.

Messrs. A. J. Keeling and Sons, Bradford, were accorded a Vote of
Thanks for a small group.

Messrs. Hugh Low and Co., Enfield, sent Cattleya Mendelii Colossus.

Mr. S. Allen, Sale, sent a fine plant of Lelia tenebrosa.

BIRMINGHAM BOTANICAL AND HORTICULTURAL.
Some good Orchids appeared at a special show of this Society, held at
the Botanical Gardens, Edgbaston, on June 13th last.
The Right Hon. J. Chamberlain, M.P., Highbury (gr. Mr. Mackay),
received a Silver-gilt Medal for a splendid group, including some good

216 THE ORCHID REVIEW. (Jocy, mil

pretty batch of Disa x langleyensis, &c.
G. H. Kenrick, Esq., Whetstone, Edgbaston (gr. Mr. Macdonald
received a Bronze Medal for a group of well-flowered Miltonia vex
Vanda teres, &c., prettily arranged with ornamental-leaved plants.
Messrs. Charlesworth and Co., Bradford, received a Silver-gilt Med
for a very fine group, including many handsome

O. xX loochristiense, &c., also First-class Certificates for Leelio-cattleya >
Canhamiana King Edward VII., Phalenopsis violacea Heaton var., an
Cypripedium X Maudiz.

Messrs. James Cypher & Sons, Cheltenham, received a Silver M
for a bright group of Cattleyas, Cypripedes, Masdevallias, Odontogloss
Oncidiums, &c.

‘Messrs. Sander & Sons, St. Albans, also received a Silver Medal f
fine group, containing many good Cattleyas and Lzlio-cattleyas, Phaius X
Cookson, Cypripediums, and other showy Orchids, one noteworthy pl
being Cypripedium X imperiale (Stonei x Rothschildianum).

YORKSHIRE GALA.

SOME competitive classes for Orchids were included in the programme 0
this meeting held at the Bootham Park, York, on June 2oth to 22nd.

For the best table of Orchids, 12 feet by 5 feet, arranged for effect, the
first prize went to Messrs. J. Cypher & Sons, Cheltenham, for a very fil
display of the showy species of the season, the second prize going to
John Robson, of Altrincham, and the third to Mr. Vause.

Messrs. Cypher also secured the first prize in the'class for ten distine
varieties in bloom, and also for six, the groups including some notewol hy
examples of Cattleya Mossie, C. Warneri, Lzlio- cattleya x Aphrodite
and L.-c. X Canhamiana. W. P. Burkinshaw, Esq., Hessle, Hull (gr. Mt
Barker), was second in both classes, his more noteworthy plants being a
beautiful specimen of Cattleya Mossie Wageneri, Leelio- cattleya x
Fascinator, L.-c. x Amelia, anda pretty seedling Thunia. Other com:
petitive classes produced some good things. 4

In the non-competitive classes, Messrs. Charlesworth & Co., Heaton,
Bradford, staged a magnificent group, in which fine Lelio- catleyas Wee
conspicuous. A Gold Medal was awarded. |

THE prize for six exotic Orchids at the Richmond Horticultural ae
Show, held on June 27th, was won by Mr. W. H. Young, Orchid ¢
to Sir Frederick Wigan, Bart., ‘eee also staged a fine non- i
group.

JULY, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 217

ODONTIODA x VUYLSTEKEZ,
M. VuyYLsTEKE, of Loochristi, writes to say that his hybrid Odontioda
x Vuylstekez is now extraordinarily fine, having produced a spike with
thirty-two flowers, in proof of which he sends us a photograph showing the

entire plant. This we have pleasure in reproducing, as our readers will

ODONTIODA X VUYLSTEKE2.

26.

doubtless like to see the result of two years’ further growth. The photo is
; : A meet Do Mae Bee ees et
greatly reduced, in order to include the w hole plant, but we have added a
single flower natural size, from which its present condition can readily be
judged. This is the photo of a flower given to us by M. Vuylsteke two
years ago, but not used then, because we preferred a group which included

—

218 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [Juzy, 1906.

the two parents Odontoglossum Pescatorei and Cochlioda Noetzliana,
which we also had taken, this showing the flowers reduced to four-fifths :
natural size (O.R. xii. p. 209, fig. 34-36). It will be remembered that the
five-flowered inflorescence was the sensation of the Temple Show in 1904, —
the plant itself not being exhibited. The inflorescence is now very finely
developed, and appears remarkable for so small a plant. We may briefly
add that the ground colour of the flower is light cream yellow, more or less
strongly suffused with rose, the large blotches deep salmon-red, and the
crest of the lip deep yellow. A coloured plate has been given at t. 7990 of
the Botanical Magazine. We hope that it will not be long before other
seedlings of it reach the flowering stage. Such a success stimulates
hybridists to further efforts, and we expect to see some striking developments —
during the next few years, including a “ Scaret, blotched crispum.”

ae Sa Fe

DENDROBIUM WILLIAMSIANUM.

Ir is interesting to record that the handsome Dendrobium Williamsianum :
has again been introduced, and has flowered in the collection of H. T. Pitt;
Esq., Rosslyn, Stamford Hill. Mr. Thurgood writes that the plant was —
purchased from Messrs. Sander & Sons as a supposed new Dendrobium. —
The old pseudobulbs are about three feet six inches long, and the inflores- —
cence is produced at the apex. It proves quite identical with the original
plant, which was described by Reichenbach in 1878 (Gard. Chron. 1878, i.
p. 652), from dried flowers and a sketch sent by Mr. B.S. Williams, of
Upper Holloway, which had been collected in New Guinea, by Mr. Goldie.
It was not till eight years after that it flowered for the first time, being —

me
;

shown by Mr. Williams at a meeting of the R.H.S. on July 13th, 1886, when —

op Ue ad Sea 9 a

it received a First-class Certificate (G.C. 1886, 1. p. 172, fig. 32). Shortly
afterwards it was figured in the Orchid Album, (vi. t. 252), where we learn «
that one only out of seven plants sent home arrived alive, and that that hada
narrow escape from being lost through an injury about three years before,
The plant was sold to the Hon. F. L. Ames, N. Easton, Mass., U.S.A. :
saw it in bloom, and we believe the species has not re-appeared in me
untii now. The scape sent is over six inches long, and bears five lowe .
which have an expanse of 2} inches, the sepals and petals being very pale
lilac and remarkably flat. The lip is funnel-shaped, over an inch long, ne
bright purple, with a prominent fleshy keel on the disc, which terminates
front in three nearly membranous lamellz, a sixth of an inch high. +
column is purple in front. The margins of the lip are appressed to the sides
of the column, and there is a channel underneath corresponding 0
keel on the other side. It is a very distinct and striking species.
R.

'
ee

&

<a

nee
SS aa

Juty, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 219

NOVELTIES.

Eacu of the two latest issues of the Kew Bulletin contains a Decade of
New Orchids, of which the following is a brief summary :—

BuLBOPHYLLUM KERRI, Rolfe.—A Siamese species collected by Dr.
Arthur Kerr on deciduous trees on mountains round Chiengmai, at 2,000
feet elevation. It is allied to B. hirtum, Lindl., and has racemes of very
hairy yellow flowers, and deciduous foliage. It recently flowered at the
Trinity College Botanic Garden, Dublin, and proves identical with a plant
which flowered at Glasnevin in January, 1g01.--Kew Bulletin, 1906, p. 84.

BULBOPHYLLUM CAPITULIFLORUM, Rolfe.—A species imported with and
resembling B. intertextum, Lindl., in habit, but having the flowers
aggregated in small heads, and the colour whitish green, suffused with
purple-brown towards the apex, and a lurid purple lip. It flowered at
Glasnevin in October, 1900.—l.c., p. 84.

CALANTHE MADAGASCARIENSIS, Rolfe.—A Madagascar species, intro-
duced by M. Warpur, which flowered at Kew in August, 1900, being
subsequently figured in the Botanical Magazine (t. 7780). It is allied to
the Mauritian C. sylvatica, Lindl., and has flowers varying from white to
lilac in the sepals and petals, and the lip from yellow to purple.—/.c. p. 84.

CALANTHE WarpuR!I, Rolfe.—Allied to the preceding, but different in
structure, and having lilac to white sepals and petals, and a dark purple
lip with a deep yellow crest. It was introduced with the preceding, and
flowered at Kew a few weeks later.—l.c. p. 85.

CaTTLEYA JENMANI, Rolfe.—A British Guiana species, allied to C.
Gaskelliana, Sander, but having much broader leaves and smaller flowers.
It was discovered at the sources of the Mazaruni River by the late Mr.
G. S. Jenman, Government Botanist, and flowered in the collection of Miss
Sinnock, Downford, Hailsham, Sussex. The Howers are rosy mauve with
the disc of the lip yellow veined with red-brown, and the front lobe of the
lip crimson.—l.c. p. 85.

PSEUDOGLOSSASPIS ARGENTINA, Rolfe-—Remarkable as an Argentine
representative of the African genus Pteroglossaspis, of which four species
were previously known. It was discovered by M. Stuckert, in the Rio
Primero Valley, near Cordoba, and is not in cultivation.—/.c. p. 36.

CATASETUM EBURNEUM, Rolfe.—A species of the Pseudocatasetum
group having long racemes of ivory-white flowers, quite unlike those of any
other species in the genus. It was imported from the Cattleya Mendelii
district by Messrs. Charlesworth & Co., Heaton, Bradford, and flowered
in their nursery in September, 1900.—l.c. p. 86.

AERANTHES RAMOSA, Rolfe—A Madagascar species which flowered at
Glasnevin in October, 1901, and proved identical with one introduced by

;
ais THE ORCHID REVIEW. [Juty, 1906,

M. Warpur. It is remarkable for its long slender branched scape, and the 4
flowers are dull olive green in colour.—l.c. p. 87. _

HABENARIA TRIQUETRA, Rolfe.—Introduced from the Shan States by |
A. H. Hildebrand, Esq., and flowered at Kew in July, 1903. It is allied to "
H. pectinata, Don, and has light green sepals, and white petals and lip,
the latter being pectinate. The leaves are glaucous.—i.c. p. 87. ;

CYNORCHIS VILLOSA, Rolfe.—A Madagascar species introduced by M.
Warpur, which flowered at Kew in September, 1901, being subsequently ‘
figured in the Botanical Magazine (t. 7845). It is a striking plant, having i
erect racemes of very hairy flowers, which are lilac purple in colour, with —
the lip and lower part of the petals white.—l.c, p. 88. :

MASDEVALLIA PERUVIANA, Rolfe.—A Peruvian species which flowered —
at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Glasnevin, in July, 1898, and on subsequent
occasions. It is allied to M. auropurpurea, Rchb. f., and has a light brown
perianth tube, with red-purple tails, fading to whitish near the base.—l.e.
pe 4i2. :
DENDROBIUM COMPACTUM, Rolfe.—A pretty little species, allied to the y
Himalayan D. alpestre, Royle. It is a native of Yunnan, and flowered in
the collection of Madame Louis de Hemptinne, of Ghent, in December, e
1903, proving identical with specimens collected by Dr. A. Henry. The]
flowers are white with a green lip.—l.c. p. 113.

DENDROBIUM ANNAMENSE, Rolfe.—A species of the Clavipes group,
allied to D. crumenatum, Swartz, but readily distinguished by its buff
yellow flowers. It was introduced from Annam by W. Micholitz, and
flowered with Messrs. Sander and Sons in March last.—l.c. p. 113.

BULBOPHYLLUM CALABARICUM, Rolfe.—A native of Old Calabar, W.
Africa, sent to Kew by Mr. J. H. Holland, and flowered in the collection in
October, 1899. It is allied to B. recurvum, Lind]., and has racemes of
light yellowish green flowers with a dull reddish purple lip.—i.c. p. 114.

POLYSTACHYA BICOLOR, Rolfe.—A native of the Seychelles, introduced
by Thomasset, and flowered at Kew in September, 1903. It is allied to the
Indian P. purpurea, Wight, and has purple pedicels and sepals, with
cream white petals, lip and column.—t.c. Porta. ¥

SACCOLABIUM RUBESCENS, Rolfe.—A pretty rose-coloured species, allied _
to S. ampullaceum, Lindl., but with a taller and smaller flower. It was —
introduced from Annam by Messrs. Sander, and flowered at Kew in March
last, and shortly afterwards at Glasnevin.—l.c, p. 114.

SARCANTHUS INFLATUS, Rolfe.—Another of Micholitz’s Annamesé
introductions, which flowered at Glasnevin in April last. It has pilobed
leaves, and small panicles of flowers, with small green sepals and petals
striped with brown, and a larger inflated lip, hence the name.—1.c. p- 115:

ListRoOsTACHys FIMBRIATA, Rolfe.—An ally of L. fragrantissima, Rehb.

JuLy, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 221

f., sent from Uganda by the late Mr. J. Mahon, and recently flowered at
Kew. The flowers are borne in long drooping racemes, and are translucent
white with a greenish tinge.—l.c. p. I15.

MysTAcIDIUM MaAnHoNI, Rolfe.—Described from dried specimens sent to
Kew with the preceding. It is allied to M. xanthopollinium, Rchb. f., and
is said to grow in dense interwoven masses.

VANILLA ZANZIBARICA, Rolfe.—A native of Zanzibar, described from
dried specimens sent to Kew by Mr. R. N. Lyne. It is the only East
African species of the section Folios, of which seven are known from
West Africa.—l.c. p. I17.

THE HYBRIDIST.

ODONTOGLOSSUM X TERPSICHORE.—At the R.H.S. meeting held on April
3rd last a very interesting hybrid Odontoglossum was exhibited from the
collection of De Barri Crawshay, Esq., Rosefield, Sevenoaks, under the
name of O. X Terpsichore. A flower has been kindly forwarded by Mr.
Crawshay, who remarks that the cross (Pescatorei, unspotted, xX poly-
xanthum) was made in June, 1899, the seed sown in August, 1909, and the
first bloom appeared in March, 1906. In general character the flower most
resembles the seed parent, but the sepals and petals are narrower and more
acuminate, and the colour bright primrose yellow, with a red brown blotch
near the base of each sepal, and a narrow line at the base of the petals.
The lip is broadly pandurate, with the front margin undulate and some-
what crenulate, and the colour primrose yellow, with a very broad red-
brown blotch in front of the crest, and a number of red-brown dots on the
margin of the side lobes. The spiny crest most resembles the pollen
parent, and is light yellow, each tooth of the crest bearing a narrow red-
brown line. The lip is slightly adnate to the column at the base, and the
column wings are very large, slightly crenulate, and white, with a few
light cinnamon spots. It is a very attractive thing. Three additional
forms were afterwards sent, showing the same general character though
differing in some of the details.

L#LIO-CATTLEYA X HurstiI.—The supposed hybrid between Cattleya
Skinneri and Lelia purpurata, which was described at page 287 of our
eighth volume under this name, unfortunately proved erroneous, the plant
being a synonym of Laelia Xx Diana, hence the name was suppressed.
Last year a plant purchased with the same record flowered in the collec-
tion of E. F. Clark, Esq., of Teignmouth, and is again sent, and as it has
every appearance of being correct it is suggested that the original name be
revived for this, thus preserving the original idea. The plant bears two
racemes of three flowers each, fairly intermediate in shape and purple in

colour.

222 THE ORCHID REVIEW. (Juty, 19

ODONTOGLOSSUM x THOMPSONIANUM.

IT is interesting to record that the handsome Odontoglossum Thompso
ianum has again been raised. Flowers are sent from the collection of

plant. It is just under three years old from the time of sowing the see
which was sown in July, 1903, and has flowered with a spike of twel
flowers on its second seedling bulb. The first bulb is r} inches long by an
inch broad, and most resembles O. crispum, but the second is 43 in
long by two inches broad, and is most like O. Edwardii, the five lea
being three to sixteen inches long by 1} inches broad. The spike is fort
six inches long and bears twelve flowers. The development is much quicker
than that of the original plant, whose history, together with a figure, has
already been given (O.R. xiii. pp. 173, 241, 242, fig. 60), but the flowers
are remarkably similar, the colour being intense blackish purple, with lilac
tips and some similar markings at the base of the petals, the apex of the
lip white, and the crest yellow.

ORCHIDS IN SEASON. :
THREE interesting Lzlio-cattleyas are sent from the collection of J.
Grogan, Esq., Slaney-park, Baltinglass (gr. Mr. Cooper). They are seedlings
raised in the collection. The first is a good typical L.-c. Schilleriana,
raised from Lelia purpurata x Cattleya intermedia, and is flowering or
the first time. A second, raised from L. purpurata Russelliana X C. inter
_media, has the lip prettily veined with purple on a white ground, in this
respect bearing a considerable resemblance to the seed parent, thou,
typical in shape. A third seedling has a suffusion of light rose in the sepals
and petals. The parentage is not quite certain. It is thought to have come
from another cross, but some seedlings yet unflowered may throw more
light on this point. Mr. Grogan has bloomed other L.-c. X Schilleriana
seedlings, and says all were much alike in flower and growth, but the P
sent one differs considerably. A good seedling form of L.-c. X Aphrodi
raised in the collection, is also sent, and a fine Lilia tenebrosa, having >
sepals and petals and the usual purple lip.

DENDROBIUM LAsIOGLossuM.—With respect to the note at page 1521
find that it was owing to an inadvertence that the name D. shillonge?
was used for this species, and the record of the Certificate should }
amended to D. lasioglossum, for it is fully recognised that the plant sho™
is the one figured at t. 5825 of the Botanical Magazine.—R. A. R.

JuLy, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 223

NOTES.

THE Great Summer Show of the Royal Horticultural Society will be held
in the grounds of Holland House, Kensington, on Tuesday and Wednesday,
July roth and 11th. The Orchid Committee will meet at 11 a.m. on the
first day, and the exhibition will open to Fellows at 12.30 p.m., ancl to the
public at 20’clock. Silver Cups and Medals will be awarded according to
merit, and the arrangements for the Temple Show will apply as far as
possible.

Two other meetings will be held at the Royal Horticultural Hall,
Vincent Square, on the 17th and 31st, when the Orchid Committee will
meet at the usual hour, 12 o’clock noon. The subjects of the special com-
petition on these dates are :—-July 17th, Lelia tenebrosa and its hybrids;
July 31st, Phalzenopsis, species and hybrids.

The International Conference on Plant Breeding will’ be held from
Monday, July 30th, to Friday, August 3rd. The Conference will open with
a conversazione in the Society's Great Hall at 9 p.m. on July 3oth, and
there will be an exhibition of Lantern Slides of Hybrids and other objects.
Sessions will be held on Tuesday, July 31st, at 10.30 and 2.30; Wednesday,
August Ist, at 10.30; and on Thursday, August 2nd, at 10.30 and 2.30.
Papers connected with Orchids are announced as follows :—Natural
Hybrid Cattleyas, by R. A. Rolfe, Esq.; Odontoglossum Hybrids, by
De Barri Crawshay, Esq.; and The Germination of Orchids, by M. Noel
Bernard ; while they will doubtless be included in various papers on general
subjects which are also announced, as the ‘‘ Mendelian Laws,” Anatomical
Structure of Hybrids, &c. Other functions are, a dinner at the Horticultural
Club, Luncheons at Burford and Gunnersbury, a Banquet in the Society’s
Great Hall, and visits to the Natural History Museum at South Kensington,
and to the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. The Titles of some of the papers
had not been received when the provisional programme was_ issued.
Particulars may be obtained from the Secretary.

The next meeting of the Manchester and North of England Orchid
Society will be held at the Coal Exchange, Manchester, on July 12th. The
Committee meets at noon, and the exhibits are open to inspection from
I to 3:p.m.

M. F. Denis, Balaruc-les-Bains, sends a few good seeds of Lelia anceps
crossed with Brassolelia Helen, remarking that the cross was made on
January 17th last, and the seed was mature in 44 months. Thus the period
of maturing approaches that of Lelia anceps xX Brassavola Digbyana,
which ripened in 3} months, and Brassolelia Helen is a hybrid between
Brassavola Digbyana and Leelia tenebrosa.

224 | THE ORCHID REVIEW. [Jur

ORCHID PORTRAITS.

Ancrecum’ Korscity1—-Gard: Chron., 1906, i. pp. 378, 370, fe aa
BrassocaTtLeYaA Mrs. FRANCIS WELLESLEY.—Gard. Chron., got

p- 422, with suppl. tab.
CATTLEYA MENDELID VAR. Mrs. FREDERICK KNOLLYS.—Fourn.
1909, i. p. 561, with fig. —
CYMBIDIUM RHODOCHILUM.—Garden, 1906, i. p. 315, with fig.
CYPRIPEDIUM HIRSUTISSIMUM.—Journ. Hort., 1906, i. p. 513, with fi
CyYPRIPEDIUM NIVEUM.—Gard. World, 1906, p. 445, with fig.
CyPRIPEDIUM TIBETICUM.—Gard. Chron., 1906, i. pp. 346, 347, fig.
_ ODONTOGLOSSUM X AMABILE J. BRADSHAW.—Journ. Hort. 1906, i. p.
with fig.
OpONTOGLOSSUM X ARDENTISSIMUM VENUS.—Gard. Mag., 1906,
366, 368, with fig.
ODONTOGLOSSUM CRISPUM vaR. G. W. LAw-SCHOFIELD.—Gard. Chit
1906, i. p. 339, fig. 134.
ODONTOGLOSSUM CRISPUM VAR. LEONARD PERFECT.—Gard. Cin
1906, i. pp. 348, 349, fig. 141, 142.
OponTocLossuM x OssuLton1.— Gard. Mag., 1906, pp. 418, 419, with
ODONTOGLOSSUM X PERCULTUM OrRION.—Fourn. Hort., 1906, i. p-
with fig. :
. Puarus MACULATUS VAR. FLAVUS.—Gard, Mag., 1906, p. 402, with fi
SACCOLABIUM BELLINUM.—Gard. Chyron., 1906, i. p. 419, fig. 168.

ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS.

[Orchids are named and questions answered here as Sar as 6 sein Correspondents are ¥
to give the native country or parentage of plants sent. An RESSED fostcard must be sent
reply by post is desired (abroad, reply postcards should be jean. rasa of special interest will
dealt with in the body of the work].

Masdevallia floribunda, Lindl. and Samaridium ochroleucum, Lindl.

i fe ee
ethod of a ae between stout blotti aper proves highly successful. Please
the photograph. other matters ps tee pat tO ape
ahs, A toler ally fine form of Oncidium cae, Lodd., with numerous
markings on the flower. This peculiarity is rare, and the cause not certainly known.
W.S. asdevalla coriacea, Lindl.
Den bium m mesochlorum, Jind].
G ere is no longer any doubt a the identity of the two

W.

but as s Cymbidium i insigne is much the older it must be a r ye

a, ig fe Godetro
pathol SOA ote en for the information aba Cypripedium :
Aa, eh ops Appatentiy oth forms of Oncidium pratextum, Rchb. f, which 1s is
Polypod ium Axes An Sy srtee aoe 1 t bye
sample of polypodium fibre is sent DY,
sitet wski, Psi Colne, in, Germany. This substance has long n used
Continent or Orchid nurs with pseu. auenesh and to some extent in this country

e shoul like to have the experience of those who have tried it.

ey Saw der ay a ogue Général d’ Horticulture et d’Exportat wih fie

om, » br ’ Jia!

— ote Cyerinal — es, containing a gord selection of Orchids, w!

MURRAY'S PATENT
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MILLIONS SOLD.

Patented by William Murray, late Orchid
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the British euneen Well Works,

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Price List containing full information
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ORCHIDS. ORCHIDS,

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Rare and Choice shige ty and Dendrobiums

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Ins ee sigengisne Invited.
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HYBRID ORCHID
LIST,

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Of all the known Hybrid oo whether introduced
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Extra well bound in half-roan, 7/6,

Extract from the Fournal of the Royal
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‘*It must have entailed an enormity of
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Orchid Growers and specialists.”

SANDER © SONS,
ST. ALBANS.

ORCHIDS:

Those espectally who contemplate forming a Collection would profit by consulting
STANLEY & Co..
SOUTHGATE,

whose advice and plants would be found equally good.

LONDON, N,

ORCHIDS.

Just received, importations of attleya
Labiata, Cattleya Triane, Oncidium
Phymatochilum, Oncidium Gravesia-
num, Miltonia Morrelliana—Odonto-
glossum Crispum, and Odontoglossum
Grande.

HOLE BROS.,

orters and Growe

mpor
BITTERNE PA RK, SOU THA MPTON.

ORCHIDS.
Mr. ARTHUR PAUWELS

exclusively engaged to collect in Colombia :
Mendeli, igas, ‘riane,
Schroederz, aurea Odeontoglossum
crispum, Pescatorei, etc., etc.
ORDERS PROMPTLY EXECUTED AFTER
ARRIVAL.

Theodor Franke,
Gross-Ottersleben » Near Magdeburg,
ermany.

ARMSTRONG & BROWN,

ORCHID RAISERS, IMPORTERS,
AN Ss.

~

Raising Hybrid Orchids a Speciality.

** ORCHIDHURST,”
Sandhurst Park, Tunbridge Wells,
KENT.

First Hand;

Buy te from the Raise
A VIGOROUS, CLE S

AN, HALT rOCcK TO

INSPECTION INVITED.

LYSOFORM,

SELECT FROM,

NON-POISONOUS, NCN-CORROSIVE,
COLOURLESS, CHEAP.

FOR ALL GARDEN PESTS. |

Best Insecticide for die for Delicate Plants.

Send for Free Pamphlet: “« Lysororm, 178 Use —
i LANT LIFE,’’ to

THE BRITISH LYS OF OFM Co., Ltd,
Lysoform Works, Tower Bridge, S.E. .

ORCHIDS! ORCHIDS!

JOHN COWAN & Co, Li

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HAVE A VERY LARGE

STOCK OF ORCHIDS

nd the?
Sok sh Spete

all in the very finest hee alth and
are constantly. pate | to their

TO IN weet ° on

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paperanian 8 are alan being constaatly he
rious parts of the Worlc
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Special attention given to orders for Exp?
Inspection inv vite

fret

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eros + and Priced Catalogu
application to the Company:

GATEACRE NURSERES

GATEAGRE, Wr. LIVERPO!

Telephone—7o Gateacre.
Telegrams-—' Cowan, Galeacre

W. RICHARDSON & Co.

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ENQUIRIES
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(264 pages on HOUSES OF
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SENT FREE DESCRIPTION
WINS gz ORCHID ..
APPLICATION. ieee: a
SPECIALITY.

RANGE OF LONE Boose ERECTED FOR THE RT. HON, EARL
rAN ILLE, CHILLINGHAM CASTLE.

PARISIAN Wood BLINDS Supplied only by us.

Specially suited for Orchid Growing. Particulars and Prices on application.

HORTICULTURAL & HEATING ENGINEERS.

THE

VERDE
SHADING
BLIND.

Specially made for
ORCHID HOUSES,
CREENHOUSES,
C)NSERVATORIES,

in Green or Buff.

at.
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APPLY TO:—

H. FERGUSON & sic 155 Fenchurch St., London,

ONCIDIUM CLAESII (ROLFE) NEW

A small importation of this very beautiful
new species just to hand.

For description please see Advertisement in “O.R.”

June last.

I beg to offer also very choice importations of

Cattleya Mendelii. An extra fine type. Perfect flowers with large

ringed lips.

Odonto. crispum.

Collected in the very best district for large
blotched forms.

Odonto. hastilabium, A very distinct species of easy culture. .

Prices oN APPLICATION.

FLORENT CLAES,

Telegraphic Address:

Orchid al and Importer,
63.65 Rue des Champs,
ETTERBEEK- BRUSSELS. |

GARDENIA, BRUSSELS.

WATER COLOUR PAINTINGS OF
ORCHID BLOOMS

Executed by
H. H. CLEGG, Orchid Grower,
NURSERY ROAD,
PRESTWICH,
Nr. MANCHESTER.

hooey af size a delean
guaranteed.

Miss NO RTH, ARTIST:

Speciality —
Water Colour Paintings
Of Orchid Blooms.
EVERY DETAIL ACCURATE. PRICE
MODERATE. iomee a TTENene
os will be sent with lee
Or send Bloom and ros. 6d., and Rigs
carefully executed and correct rainting
Same without delay

ROSE COTTAGE, FRASER GROVE
SOUTH SHORE, BLACKPOOL.
ee

ORCHID PANS of unabatd a
ORCHID PANS for suspend
ORCHID PANS with Pate sides.
SEEDLING POTS, ali sizes in stock from
one = as supplied to the Leading
Grower
THREE Papers MEDALS oi awarded
r ORCHID POTTE
— SAMPLES and LISTS FREE. —

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RAVENSCOURT AVENUE,
HAMMERSMITH, W

ORCHIDS

A SPECIALITY.

Messrs.

Charlesworth & Co.

Heaton, BRADFORD,

Have a large and fine stock of established

and imported OrcHIDs.

INSPECTION INVITED.

By Special ep ay to

His iaiajecks the King.

ORCHIDS!
ORCHIDS

QUANTITY IMMENSE.
Inspection of our New
Range of Houses

1S CORDIALLY INVITED BY

HUGH LOW & 00,,

BUSH HILL PARK,
MIDDLESEX.

ORCHIDS.

Clean, healthy, well-grown plants at reasonable
prices ; many large specimens and rare varieties.

CHOICE CATTLEYAS, CYPRIPEDIUMS, AND
HYBRID ORCHIDS A SPECIALITY.

Please write for List.
JAMES CYPHER & SONS,
EXOTIC NURSERIES,

CHELTENHAM.

EAST INDIAN ORCHIDS.

DELIVERED ‘O ANY ADDRESS.

WHOLESALE OR RETAIL.

Price List on application to
S. P. CHATTERJEE,
Victoria Nursery, CALCUTTA.

i: WEeEeo & CoO., Lid.
horticultural Builders

To His Majesty, H.R.H. the Prince of Wales,

H. overnment,

tent. sgricer Hort.
sand Public Buildings.

TELEGRAPH, ee ee ee LONDON.
Te

Patentees of the beiles Upright Tubular Boilers,

KING’S ROAD, CHELSEA, S.W.

MANCHESTER & NORTH OF
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Orchid

tibbeed i

sss an aricigiatl THE COAL EXCHANGE, MARKET
ACE, MANCHESTER.
A ccotinc of the COMMITTEE for the
on gw of adjudicating upon the Orchids submitted
vill be he ld on July 12th, 1906, at 12 o’clock
seta phe pen to Members from 1 to 3 p.m.
prompt.
P. WEATHERS, Hon Sec
Botanical Gardens, Manchester.

CRISPINS’

BRISTOM

FOR ALL CLASSES OF

Horticultural Buildings

AND |

HEATING AND VENTILATING APPARATUS,

Prize Meda! Conservatory, Royal Botanic Society.

JAMES CRISPIN, rrus. & SONS,
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mond, Surge 7

Printed by RW. Simpson & Co., Ltd. Richmond Press, Sheen Road, Rich

Vor. XIV.} _ AUGUST, 1906, (No. 164.'
“THE

ORGBH REVIEW:

Hn Fllustrated Monthly Journal of Orcbidology.

en

PAGK

Answers to Correspondents 35 56 it tne res wes 252
British raphlryan Ophryses ... ; 235 Leeli 2 he ne 252
Calendar of Operations for F August sus 229 Colioe ttleyz RA Sess 252
Cattle iv x Lucieniana i Sige 1 Segibrolostia x partes ons 252
Glertepetiiunn Thouarsii 23 Hybridisation Conference . 225
Day’s Orchid Drawings we cee L or iam alba 254
Heavenliest Flov , The ves i 5

No
Orchid, a floating

NWN We
Vin Vi ut
°

Hybrid Oxlontogloseums 2

e) eter v. Bellon e (Fis Ig 34) eae F | Orc er P ortraits 6

O. 4 amabile v. G soliath Fig. 35) i ee Orchids in season 3

O. X ardehtisanidien Uv. Peng Fig. 28) 240 | P a nosis a amabilis at He: Aton, Bradford

O. X ardentissimum v. ex mium (Fig. 30) 240 =. 233

O. X formosum v, Diana (Fi ce as a Sox 242

- X percultum v. Orion (Fig oo ea Menctioisier & North of E ‘ngland Ore hid 249
. X rubicans (Fig 33) rae Royal Horticultural ” 242

0. x Wi ichenbiein' i . Thalia (Fig. 3 $3) 060

PRICE SIXPENCE MONTHLY. Post FRE '7/- PER ANNUM—SEE OVERLEAF.

SANDER & SONS, xa.

Largest Importers tid Growers

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I a: Bull & Sons

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NOTICES

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° . rr
Full particulars and illustration of this Herbaceous Plant and cultural notes the iss

‘“‘The Gardeners’ Chronicle,’’ October 1, 1904, p. 240,

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|
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:

TPH EaORGHTD: REVIbW:

Vor. XIV.] AUGUST, 1906. {[No. 164.

THE HYBRIDISATION CONFERENCE,

THE International Conference on Hybridisation and Cross-Breeding,
convened by the Royal Horticultural Society commenced, on Monday
evening, July 30th, with a conversazione in the Society's Large Hall,
Vincent Square, and an address of welcome to the delegates was given by
Sir Trevor Lawrence, President of the Society. He welcomed the guests
not only on behalf of the Society, but of the whole world of horticulture.
He was sure that they would listen with the greatest interest to the papers
that would be read to the Conference. The gardening industry was a very
important one, and he might say was at the head of the minor industries
of this country. The general public did not fully realise the great obliga-
tion they were under to plant breeders, for there was scarcely a garden,
however humble, that did not contain some plants whose existence was due
to their intelligence and industry. He reminded his audience of Huxley's
words that the scientific spirit was more valuable than any of its results.
With regard to plant breeding—and he did not claim to be a scientist—he
had devoted a certain amount of attention to the cultivation of Orchids, and
he could recommend it as a most instructive pursuit. Before long the
supply of Orchids from abroad would cease [We hope not.—Ep.’, and we
should be entirely dependent upon our own breeders. There was scarcely
a collector who had not got his house full of seedlings. A number of
interesting papers had been promised, and it was known that they were of
great value, judging by the names attached to them. They would appear
in full in the Society’s Fournal.

A number of exhibits were ranged round the hall, chiefly relating to the
question of genetic variation and heredity, but practically nothing relating
to Orchids, the only exception noticed being in a group of exhibits from
Mr. C. C. Hurst, F.L.S., which included two photographs of Paphiopedilum
x Hera, illustrated on pp. 71, 72 of our eleventh volume.

The proceedings proper opened on Tuesday morning, July 31st, with an-
inaugural address from Mr. W. Bateson, F.R.S.., V.M.H., President of the

‘Conference, “On the Progress of Genetic Research.” “He began by .
295

ship. After discussing in detail the progress of genetic enquiry, and

226 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [Aucust

alluding to the first Conference on Hyoridisation and Plant Breeding
at Chiswick in July, 1898, remarking that the predominant note eight
ago was mystery, but now we speak less of mystery than of order, an
he attributed to the revelation of Mendel’s clue, and the manifold ad
in knowledge to which it had led. ‘‘ The most protean assembl
hybrid derivatives,” he remarked, ‘‘no longer menaces us as a hope
enigma. We are sure that even the multitudinous shapes of the Cuc
or the polychromatic hues of Orchids—though they may range from
end of the spectrum to the other—would yield to our analysis.” — Pr

pursuit, and proposed the use of the word “Genetics,” indicating
elucidation of the phenomena of heredity and variation, or, in other wo
the physiology of Descent. Genetics was a subject of vast range, butt
various phenomena were closely related, and the worker must be wary
narrowness. ‘‘ While he is engrossed, and perhaps lost, in the idiosynera
of Orchids a discovery may be made concerning Peas, or it may evel
Mice or Lepidoptera, which is just what the Orchidist requires to
away his own obstacles.” Practical and scientific workers had equal |
of each other’s aid, and had equal prospects of benefitting from the par

practical importance of the question. As regards the production ofm
forms that are re-combinations of pre existing characters, he said that in th
majority of cases no infallible rule can yet be given to produce the des
result, though Mendelian knowledge often indicates the course which
most likely to succeed. And he added—‘‘I am not straining the tu
when I say that the right course is one which an operator guided
common sense alone would have studiously avoided.”’ As regards
nature of the units which bring about the phenomena observed, he the
that, wild and unscrutable as the question sounds, “‘ genetic researe
answer it yet.” He hoped to see in England a station for the experim
study of Evolution, as the truth about heredity was not oniy impo
breeders, but to every branch of physiological or sociological enqul
great advances in the application of science have generally become P
through discoveries made in the search for pure knowledge, and M
incomparable achievement was brought about by the resolute determm™
to get to the bottom of one particular problem in hybridisation.

The first Orchid paper was reached on Tuesday afternoon, but We
add that in a paper entitled ‘“ Does Hybridisation increase fluctt
variability ?”” Prof. Johannsen, of Copenhagen, said that the
statistical and other forms of research did not always agree
regarded statistical data as very misleading, because Mendel’s Ff

AUGUST, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 227

could not account for all the problems of heredity, and the question whether
evolution was continuous or discontinuous could not be fully elucidated
by Mendel’s researches.

“Natural Hybrids of the Cattleya group ” was the title of the paper by
Mr. R. A. Rolfe, who said that his object was to collect together the
natural hybrids of this group, which had become rather numerous. A good
many species grew more or less intermixed, and, as the insects upon which
they largely depended for the fertilisation of the flowers did not confine
their visits to any particular species, the opportunity for hybridisation
arose. These hybrids were not often derived from the most closely allied
species, which seldom grew together, in fact of forty-four recorded natural
hybrids eleven were between Cattleya and Lelia— forming a sort of hybrid
genus—and one between Cattleya and Brassavola, while of the remainder
eight were Lelias and twenty-four Cattleyas. Among the latter were a
good many combinations between two distinct sections of the genus.
About eighteen of them had also been raised artificially. The earliest
reference to the existence of a natural hybrid in the group was in 1856.
He had arranged them chronologically and geographically, with an
alphabetical list of references to descriptions and figures, for the literature
of the subject was widely scattered. From a botanical standpoint, it was
important that these curious intermediate forms should be taken at their
true value, for they destroyed the natural limits of species, sections, and
genera, and in practice it was found that, unless their real origin had been
recognised from the outset, they had been classed as anomalous forms or
varieties, or as distinct species, according to the amount of difference they
presented from existing forms. A good many had been recognised as
hybrids from the outset. In a few cases natural hybrids were common
and very variable, and the question had arisen whether secondary bybrids
might not occur, but this phase of the question was at present largely
speculative.

Prof. Pfitzer, of Heidelberg, read a paper on “ Hybridisation as a proof
of natural affinity among Orchids,’ pointing out differences between
classification based on floral and on vegetative characters, and the
significance of genera which hybridised together. The natural arrange-
ment of Orchids was not quite settled, but he held that genera which could
be hybridised together were certainly nearly related. Among generic
hybrids he mentioned the inexplicable case of Zygopetalum crossed with
-Odontoglossum, in which the mother plant alone was reproduced. Mr.
Rolfe remarked that the cause of this was not yet clear, and the experiment
had been repeated more than once. It looked like a case of dominance
absolute and complete, and if so the reverse cross should throw light on
the question. He had tried to obtain the reverse cross, but without

pee THE ORCHID REVIEW. [Aucusr, 1

success. In the case of Epiphronitis x Veitchii the dominance was 0
the side of the pollen parent, Epidendrum radicans. The gener
character of the mother, Sophronitis grandiflora, was completely lost, yet
the influence was obvious, in the greatly dwarfed habit and in the sizean
colour of the flower. There was no mistake in the record, for the rev :
ross could not be raised. And it was not the only case of the kind,
capsules could not be obtained on Epidendrum radicans with polle
other genera, though the reverse crosses could be made. Mr. F. W. Mo
Glasnevin, mentioned other crosses where the seed bearer was reprodu
pure and simple. It had been suggested as a case of parthenogenesis. M
Lynch, Cambridge, said he had tried to cross Vanilla and Sobralia, w
out success.
Mr. de Barri Crawshay, Rosefield, Sevenoaks, read a paper on “ Hybr
Odontoglossums,”’ which was illustrated by a beautiful series of colour
paintings of hybrids raised by himself and others, showing in many ca!
considerable variation from the same cross. There were now forty-m
certificated hybrid Odontoglossums, and he found O. crispum and 0.
Harryanum the best parents. The work was making rapid progress, ind
large numbers of hybrids would flower within the next few years. M
Rolfe alluded to the Jarge number of natural hybrids in this genus, @ a
their remarkable polymorphism, on which the present experiments shou
throw some light. Already three secondary hybrids had been raised cle se
resembling wild forms, which had probably a similar origin. It had lot
been a problem how far secondary hybrids occurred in nature, and for
long time he had looked out for a hybrid Odontoglossum showing cleat
evidence of descent from three species, as such might occur in certall
localities, and their appearance would be conclusive. In the ¢
re-crossing with one of the original parents no new character was
duced, and one could not say whether a near approach to one of t
parents was due to secondary crossing or not. He hoped hybridists ¥
pay a little more attention to this phasc of a very interesting problem.
Other papers followed, none of them dealing with Orchids, and in
evening the members of the Conference were the guests of the Horta
tural Club at the Hotel Windsor, when a most interesting evening
spent. The proceedings during the following three days will be dea
next month.
An ordinary meeting of the Society was held in the large Hall
3ist, when, appropriately enough, numerous hybrid Orchids were on 1
in a few cases together with their parents. A report appears on pas
Most of the Conference exhibits of the previous evening were
view.

AucustT, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 229

CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS FOR AUGUST.
By J. M. Brack, Streatham.

DeENDRoBIUMS.—By the middle of the month a good many Dendrobiums
will be showing their last leaf, an indication that their growing season is
drawing to a close. Last year, when we had at Chessington a house
entirely devoted to these plants, no more shading was used after the middle
of August, and no scalding took place, nor yet did the plants lose their
leaves. Those plants which were still in strong growth made perhaps some
little haste to finish up, and the pseudobulbs were probably a little shorter
than they would have been had shading and close growing conditions been
continued longer, but the same number of nodes were produced, the inter-
nodes being shorter. There is little doubt that it is better to make full use
of the late August and September sun to thoroughly ripen the new pseudo-
bulbs, rather than resort to cold vinery treatment and starvation during the
winter. The sunning need not be suddenly applied, but gradually, and the
plants being now in full leaf and thoroughly rooted, and receiving full sun
and more air, a greater quantity of water at the root will have to be given
than at any time during the summer. The top ventilators must still be
closed as soon as safe during the afternoon, so that growing conditions are
not really discontinued. A great increase in leaf transpiration will follow
this bright and airy treatment, which willstimulate root action, and the pots
will rapidly become matted with fine healthy roots. Any loss in the length
of the pseudobulbs will be fully compensated for in their increased girth,
and the yellow hard pseudobulbs may be relied upon to yield a harvest of
blooms on pedicles stout enough to support them. A soft grown Dendro-
bium may have its flowers hanging limply, head downwards, round the bulb,
especially if it has outgrown its strergth, and become rickety through super-
abundance of nitrogenous food. The weak point in this wholesale treatment
of a house of plants would seem to be that plants that are only half grown
are having the same treatment as those on the point of finishing, but this is
really not a question of so much importance as it would at first sight appear,
as no plant is being starved either for water at the root:or for heat. The
closing of the top ventilators early in the afternoon is really very necessary
for some time yet.

This autumn treatment will suit excellently well such Dendrobes of
different character as are represented by D. nobile, the nobile and aureum
hybrids, D. Phalzenopsis, D. formosum (which will be making up its buds),
D. Brymerianum, D. Dalhousieanum, D. thyrsifloruam, and other hot
growing kinds. D. aureum finishes early, is wholly deciduous, and may be
taken into a cool house, and it will require but little water once the bulbs
are thoroughly ripe. D. Wardianum should also be kept somewhat cvoler

230 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [Aucust, 1

than the others aforementioned, particularly the large imported pieces. —
keep up the stock of any special variety, it is absolutely necessary to pro
gate it from the eyes, or from the aerial growths, and we have
successfully worked up a batch of a white variety in this way, from ay
small plant, and without the plants ever being in a lower winter temperat
than 55°.

Mexican La.ias.—Before the end of the month shading will also 1
longer required on these plants. These Lzlias require at all seasons ané
atmosphere, and particularly now when the season’s growth is near
completion, and with the discontinuance of shading. Plants of
anceps are rooting strongly, and sending up their flower spikes, and un
the peculiar treatment that they enjoy will require to be liberally wate

MILTONIA VEXILLARIA.—These plants are now becoming active age
and the present month is a good time to repot them. A compost of.
sphagnum moss, half good Orchid peat, with a good sprinkling of silvers
and oak leaves will be found reliable. Miltonias belong to those Orel
which do not show any signs of exhaustion after years of cultivation, be
in this respect like the Odontoglossums, to which they are closely 4
Intermediate house treatment during the winter, and Cool house treatn m
during the summer, meets the requirements of M. vexillaria. There s¢
to be some difficulty in getting the Miltonias to cross with the Odonto be
glossums, but it is just possible that this cross may yet be made, Mie
interesting departure with great possibilities can be predicted.

strong rooters and gross feeders, so that they must receive ample root 10:
and, for Orchids, a rich rooting medium. A compost of good turfy
peat and leaf mould, mixed with broken crocks, small pieces of charcoal ¢
sand will be suitable. The pots should be thoroughly well drain
large quantities of water will be required. Sobralias are quick grows
and are easily propagated by dividing the plant when repotting, an 9
of some difficulty, owing to the mass of intertwined roots. Some §™
feed this plant with liquid manure when well rooted and in full grow
this can be recommended as being especially beneficial when the plan
not been disturbed for some time, and the compost is getting worn.
STAKING.—One must be constantly on the look out for growths
inclined to become top heavy. Cattleya, Dendrobium, and other gt
which may be too heavy and succulent to stand alone, should
temporary tie up to sticks, to be more neatly tied later, when the gr0¥
finished and ripened. It is somewhat annoying to discover a fine pt
growth bent in the middle and the tip of the leaf hanging down.
INSECT PEsts.— By far my worst enemy is thrip. This, I a

Aucust, 1906. | THE ORCHID REVIEW. 231

come in from outside. A trained eye soon detects their marks, however,
and there is soon an end of them. Scale, although passive enough to all
appearance, is a somewhat insiduous and sly individual, and it is somewhat
difficult to explain how he finds himself right up near the growing point of,
say, a young Cattleya leaf, as frequently happens. A plant to all appear-
ances perfectly clean when looked at from the path, may have a cluster of
fresh young scales scattered over the underside of the leaf, and possibly
right up to the margin. __ Did the leaf start off with them from the base of
the plant? This young scale can be readily sponged off, when it will be
advisable to examine the plant carefully down at the base. If this young
scale is left alone it will very soon suck the chlorophyll out of the leaf,
leaving ugly, jaundiced marks behind.

GENERAL Hints.—The month of August marks the dividing line
between the growing and resting seasons for most Orchids. Gradually less
shading will be required on all the houses, as the sun declines in power, and
the shadows caused by the bars are already longer than they were a month
ago. The nature of the foliage changes with the cooler nights and the
approach of autumn, and the same amount of sun which might have been
injurious during the early summer will now do good. Those Orchids
which are deciduous will require little water after the foliage has fallen.
Pleiones will be losing their foliage towards the end of the month, when
watering will be discontinued as they come into flower. Catasetums,
Cyrtopodiums, Mormodes, &c., will also require a dry rest. Watering must
be gradually reduced as the foliage becomes yellow. On the other hand,
Cattleyas, and all plants which retain their foliage, must have a good
quantity during the autumn, even although finished up. There are many
plants in the Cattleya house now finished growing for the season, and others
have little more than started. To keep a Cattleya which has finished
growth very dry thus early in the autumn, with the intention of hindering
it from restarting, will be going the right way to defeat the object in view.
It should be watered when it is dry. Lelia purpurata has now started, and
many of its hybrids, including L.-c. Aphrodite, L.-c. Wellsiana, &c., are on
the way. Most of the hybrids which have L. purpurata for a parent, grow
slowly half way through the winter, so no discouragement need be felt if
they appear a long way behind. Ina house containing a large number of
plants, there are always a few that are in bad health. There may
be a great many reasons for this, and a different reason might be assigned
to each individual case. | Whenever a plant is observed in bad health the
compost should be examined, and in many cases the plant will require to be
put into a smaller pot. Sometimes a quite healthy plant goes back after
repotting, as the result of an overdose of water. As the plant was
repotted in anticipation of its remaining healthy, the check may mean that

33 THE ORCHID REVIEW.

should be taken out, all the dead roots cut off, and repotted in, if need
smaller pot. This should be done at any and every season, for if a]
loses all its roots in the compost, it rarely, if ever, does any more goo I
that pot. The really busy season can now be considered over, but this¢
not mean that the Orchid grower has now nothing to do. Ther
multitude of odd jobs always cropping up, and the routine work is a
times with us, and will be during this and next month most exacting.

CIRRHOPETALUM THOUARSII.
THIs very striking species, the one upon which the genus was origir
founded by Lindley, proves to have a remarkably wide diffusion, and 2
plant sent from the Seychelles, which has just flowered at Kew, :
identical with the original, a note on its history may prove interest
especially as a similar if not identical plant has now been found
continental Africa. The genus was founded by Lindley in 1824 (Bo
x. sub. t. 832), the single species, C. Thouarsii, being founded on Bu
phyllum longiflorum, Thouars (Orch. Iles A fr. t. 98), a native of Mauti
and Madagascar. Lindley afterwards added Epidendrum umbellat
Forst., from the Society Islands, and Zygoglossum umbellatum, Reit
from Java (Gen. and Sp. Orch. p. 58), but the latter species is different.
1838 he figured a plant introduced from Manila, by Cuming, under the
name (Bot. Reg. xxiv. t. 11), and the Botanical Magazine (t. 4237) follov
but neither represent the original plant, which does not appear to have
introduced to cultivation until living plants were sent from Mauritius by
W. Bewsher, Esq., of the Oriental Bank there, which flowered at Kew
1891, and the following year, first the clear yellow variety concolor
in Gard. Chron. 1891, ii. p. 69), and afterwards the typical form.
variety concolor is strikingly distinct in colour, and was figured at t
of the Botanical Magazine. The Seychelles plant is quite typical, am
sent to Kew by H. P. Thomasset, Esq., of the Cascade Estate, with v%
other Orchids. It was found on moss-covered trees, in mountain ax
A plant having the same general character, except that the Jateral §
are rather narrower and less connate, has recently been collected
Shiri Highlands, Zambesiland, by Mr. G. Adamson, and what may !
same thing has just flowered in the collection of Sir Charles Stti
Bart., and is said to have come from Uganda (Gard. Chron. 1906, 1: P
This I have not seen. Other localities are F iji and New Caled
remarkably wide diffusion if all are specifically identical, as they @PP*
be from dried specimens. The discovery of the genus in Africa is in
ing. R. A.

am,

AuGUST, 1906. ] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 27

PHALANOPSIS AMABILIS AT HEATON, BRADFORD.
THE accompanying illustration represents a house of the _ beautiful
Phalznopsis amabilis var. Rimestadiana in the establishment of Messrs.
Charlesworth & Co., Heaton, Bradford, and is taken from a photograph

kindly sent by them. The variety Rimestadiana is well known in gardens,

PHALZNOPSIS AMABILIS.

27

‘ig,

I

and the name appeared in 1goo (L. Lind. in Lindenta, xvi. p. 35, t. 736),
though no character was mentioned by which it can be distinguished from
the type, nor do we know of one now. It is said to have been introduced
from Java by M. H. G. Rimestad, and a note was published from M. W. T.
Lefebre, of the Botanic Garden, Java, suggesting that in Europe the plant
would probably succeed in an Odontoglossum house, but this, as was to

234 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [Aucusr, 199

be expected, has not proved correct. He indicates the altitude of the habi
as about 600 métres. It has been subsequently figured, with a photog
showing the plant in M. Rimestad’s Orchid Garden in Java (Gard. Ch
1902, il. pp. 303, 306, fig. 100, with suppl. plate; Rev. Hort. Belge, 190
p. 88, fig. 22, 23, 24). The Gardeners’ Chronicle spells the name “Rime -
tadtiana,” which has since been widely followed, but we find that M.
Rimestad writes his name without a final “t,” and consequently we have |
restored the original spelling. It is certainly a very beautiful and flori-
ferous plant, and it may be interesting to append the history of the
species. |

This beautiful Orchid has been known to science for over a century and —
a half, having been figured and described by the Dutch botanist Rumphius —
as long ago as 1750, under the name of Angraecum album majus (Herb. :
Ambotnense, vi. p. 99, t. 43). He found the plant in the island of Amboyna,
growing on short trees covered with moss, up which, he says, it turns likea
rope and hangs down in entangled tufts.
Two years later it was discovered near the watering place on the is
western extremity of Java, by Osbeck, who touched there on his voyage -
home from China. Specimens collected by him were forwarded to Fi
Linnzus, who described the plant in 1753, in the first edition of his famous :
Species Plantarum (page 593), under the name of Epidendrum amabile. —
Osbeck remarks that the plant grew on the branches of trees on the shore, 4
and adds: “The plant hath great white odoriferous flowers, such as! ‘
never observed before. I had this plant lying in my room for several days ~
together, but the flowers did not wither, and filled it with the most agree i
able smell.” The dried specimens, it is interesting to note, stil] exist in the _
Linnean Herbarium, in an excellent state of preservation. :
Roxburgh afterwards transferred the plant to Cymbidium, under the
name of C. amabile (FJ. Ind. iii. p. 457). He tells us that it isa native of
the Moluccas, whence it was introduced to the East Indian Company's
Botanic Garden, at Calcutta, in 17098. Roxburgh died in 1822, and hie
work was not published till afterwards. 2
In 1825 Blume transferred it to a new genus, under the es
Phalznopsis amabilis (Bydr. p. 294, t. 44), the generic name commemor- ;
ating a resemblance to certain species of moths. Blume found the plant ™
woods near the coast of the small island of Nusa Kambangan.
Lindley, in 1833, included the plant in his Genera and Species
Orchidaceous Plants (p. 213), but in 1840 he unfortunately confused it with
an allied Philippine species, which he figured under the same name .
(Bot. Reg. 1838, t. 34). He mentioned the names of Blume, Linn#us z
Rumphius, and then added :—.This very rare and beautiful epiphyt®
flowered a few weeks since in the Epiphyte house of Messrs. Rollissom» f

Aucusr, 1906. ] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 235

Tooting, I believe for the first time in Europe. It had been sent to them
from Manilla by Mr. Cuming, in 1837.”

Ten years later the Malayan species appeared in cultivation, nearly a
century after its original discovery, and Lindley, instead of detecting his
mistake, actually described it as a new species, under the name of
Phalznopsis grandiflora (Gard. Chron. 1848, p. 39). He remarked :—‘‘ A
small plant of this noble Epiphyte was exhibited on the 7th of September
in the last year, by J. H. Schréder, Esq., of Stratford Green, when it
received the Silver Banksian Medal. It was not supposed at that time to
be a distinct species from the well-known Phalznopsis amabilis, but was
regarded merely as a fine variety. Upon a comparison of it with the
Manilla species it proves to possess so many points of difference that no
doubt can be entertained of its being really distinct. . . . We under-
stand that the large flowered Phalzenopsis is a Java species, imported by
Messrs. Veitch.”

In 1862 Lindley’s error was pointed out by Reichenbach (Hamb. Gartenz.
1862, p. 35), when the new name P. Aphrodite was proposed for the
Philippine species, but by this time the plants had become so well known
under the erroneous names, and had been so frequently figured, that it
proved extremely difficult to rectify them, though the correct names have
now been at least partially adopted. The latest development has already
been mentioned.

It is rather widely diffused, having been found in North Borneo,
Celebes, and south-east New Guinea, as well as in Java and the Moluccas,
as previously mentioned. R. A. R.

BRITISH HYBRID OPHRYSES.

THE discovery of the Ophrys X hybrida in Kent, about the end of May,
1905, awakened a large amount of local interest, and the result has been
followed by the detection of five more examples during the present year, two
of them by the original discoverers, Messrs. Walker and Harris. Flowers
of each of these are sent, and one has a more entire lip than the specimen
sent last year. Two others are said to have been found bya student at Wye
College, and a photograph of a fifth has been sent by Mr. W. H. Hammond,
of Canterbury, who remarks that the spike was brought to him by a working
man.

Mr. Hammond also sends a spike of another very interesting hybrid, re-
marking that it looks like a cross between O. apifera and O. arachnites,
which grow close together in the locality where he found it. All three are
. Included in a photograph also sent.

It is a particularly interesting development, for this hybrid was recorded

236 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [AuGusT, 19

as long ago as 1829, by Gerard Edwards Smith (Cat. Rare Pl. S. Kent,
57). He there remarks :—“ O. arachnites and O. apifera, by a commixtt
of pollen, produce a great variety of character. The type most constanth
preserved is the proportion and terminal segment of arachnites. |
yet seen a variety exhibiting the lip of the Bee with the petals, cal
_ staminal of arachnites. . . . If among the Alps such varieties abou
as they do upon our chalk downs, Haller’s union of the species can scare
be regarded with surprise.” The same hybrid has been recorded from two
Continental localities. It was described by Chodat, in 1839, under the name —
of Ophrys X Botteroni (Bull. Soc. Bot. Genev. v. p. 187) from a specimen 3
found in 1882, near Biel, in the canton of Berne, and is regarded as probably
a hybrid between these two species. A figure by M. Schulze (Orch. Deutsch.
t. 31 d.) quite confirms the idea. In r8gr it was again described under the —
name of O. X Albertiana (G. Camus in Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. xxxviii. pp: 40,
43), from specimens found at Champagne, Seine et Oise, France, between 4
the years 1880 and 1889. Hanbury and Marshall record the Kentish locality —
of this hybrid as Downs above Folkestone, where the parents grow together _
in good quantity (Fl. Kent, p. 333). 9

Two other Kentish hybrid Ophryses have been recorded, the first by
G. E. Smith (Cat. Pl. S. Kent, p. 58), who, commenting on a plant found -
on the Downs between Newington and Lyminghe, and sent to him by Mr. —
Lee, enquired :—‘Is it possible that a plant of O. arachnites can —
communicate with, and receive pollen transferred by an insect from —
O. fucifera?. I had specimens of O. arachnites and fucifera blooming —
together. If this be the case—but let it be regarded as supposition—the
varieties in O. fucifera may be explained.” . fucifera is now regarded as
a form of O. aranifera, and it is noteworthy that a hybrid with thi
parentage was described, in 1887, under the name of O. X Ascherson
(Nanteuil in Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr., Xxxiv., p. 423). It was found near the
villages of Vaux and Champagne, in June, 1887.

The remaining Kentish hybrid is O. apifera x aranifera ? (Hand.
Marsh. Fl. Kent, p. 334), of which it is remarked :—‘‘ Two specimens §
to us fresh by Mr. G. L. Bruce, of the Toynbee Hall Nat. Hist. Society:
appear to be this hybrid ; they were gathered in Magpie Bottom, neat
Shoreham, 1898.” This hybrid has two Continental names. It was
described in 1883 under the name of O. X epeirophora (Peter in Flo
1883, p. 10) as a hybrid between the species in question, collected neat
Lake Starnberger, in South Bavaria. It is probably also the Os x ;
Muteliz (G. Camus in Journ. de Bot., 1893, p. 156), based on the O. apifera :
var. Muteliz (Mutel in Ann. oc. Nat. ser. 2, iii, Dp. 243,.,t. 88, fig. B Bi
all events the opinion is expressed that it is probably a hybrid betwee
O. aranifera and O, apifera. R.A

AucustT, 1906.) THE ORCHID REVIEW. 237

THE HEAVENLIEST FLOWER.

SEVERAL of the recent numbers of the Gardeners’ Chronicle of America
which have reached us have not contained any information about Orchids.
The May issue can scarcely be called an exception, but it contains the
following article on “‘ The Heavenliest Flower,” which our readers may
like to see :-—

“It was always rather hard to believe that a certain Dutchman, in the time
of the tulip craze in Holland, paid 4,203 guilders for a single commonplace
tulip bulb that looked like an onion, and it comes much easier to under-
stand how an Englishman should have been willing to pay 6,000 dollars—
more than twice as much as the price of the famous tulip—for an Orchid, in
London recently. The Orchid is a heavenly flower, and the tulip not only
earthly, but Dutchy. The Orchid often grows in the air, and appears to
possess almost miraculous characteristics. One of the species not only
catches insects, but keeps its long tentacles continually in motion to get
hold of them. The Orchids which live in the air spread their roots abroad
to absorb the moisture of the atmosphere, and they solve the problem which
the scientists are still vainly striving to solve, namely, of capturing nitrogen
direct from the atmosphere.

And their beauty! That, beyond all question, and not their wonderful
capacity for living in the air and moving stealthily about, like a live thing,
to catch insects, is the divinest thing about them. A show of fine Orchids
is like a flight of beautiful birds ; the enthusiast might even compare it with
a throng of angels. And if beautiful Orchids convey such.a suggestion in a
floral hall or a conservatory, fancy what the effect must be as their brilliant
and delicate flowers hang in masses in luxuriant tropical forests, where the
palm vies with the feathery bamboo or the far-spreading banyan in

splendour! In such a situation, amidst the splashings of some tropic
stream, their colours, in rose, in lilac, in yellow, white, or green, prove as
intense a delight as their violet-like odours. They are indeed a marvel, and
if it is true that all things in nature are a symbol of the things of the spirit,
the Orchids must symbolize the angels that were once pure and beautiful
women. |

This 6,000 dollar Orchid came from Burma, and was unique, of course,
or it would not have brought so great a price. But the American child
gathers in the woods Orchids which, in their more modest beauty, are in
form quite as surprising as the tropical specimens, and gets them for
nothing. Ladyslippers or moccasin flowers, the pogonia and the calopogon,
the yellow-fringed and the purple-fringed Orchids grow hereabouts, and
tichly reward the searcher for their delicate splendours.—Saturday Evening
Mail.”

238 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [Avcusr, 19

MR. DAY’S ORCHID DRAWINGS.

ieee
ak ean ae

A VERY interesting note on the above appears in the last issue of the Kew
Bulletin (1906, p. 177), which we have pleasure in reproducing, as we
believe that Orchidists will be glad to know more about this fine collection.
“COLLECTION OF DRAWINGS OF ORCHIDS BY THE LATE Joun Day,
—In September, 1902, Mrs. Wolstenholme, of High Cross, ‘Cottenham,
sister of Mr. John Day, well known during his period as an amateur grower
of Orchids, presented to Kew the very valuable collection of drawings of
cultivated Orchids made by that gentleman. Mrs. Wolstenholme had :
previously bequeathed the collection to Kew, but felt that she was delaying
its usefulness by keeping it in her possession. As delivered at Kew, it con-
sisted of 53 oblong books of about go pages each, with a complete index. —
The books have since been bound in 17 volumes, and they contain
approximately 3,000 coloured drawings, with about 500 in sepia, besides
copious original notes and a large number of cuttings from the Gardeners’ —
Chronicle, and other papers relating to Orchids. We have not succeeded
in finding any published biography of the author, and only a few scattered —
facts concerning his life and his collections. But Mrs. Wolstenholme has
communicated the following particulars :—John Day was born on —
February 3rd, 1824, in London, where his father, a City merchant, resided :
until 1840, when the family removed to a pleasant old house in Tottenham.
After his father’s death in 1851 he continued to live at the old home, and
from there he married in 1853 ; but losing his wife in 1857, he sold the old :
home, and joined Mr. and Mrs. Wolstenholme at High Cross, Tottenham,
the present residence of Mrs. Wolstenholme. Thither in 1858 he removed
his large collection of cultivated ferns, to which he had for some years
devoted much attention. Shortly afterwards he took u p the cultivation of
Orchids. He built suitable houses, and soon filled them with valuable —
plants. In course of time his collection became one of the richest and
most famous of the period. Then his health broke down, and he visited
the Mediterranean countries, which gave him a zest for travelling to more —
remote places, and he subsequently went to India, Ceylon, Brazil, and
Jamaica. In 1881, previous to these longer journeys, his collection of 4
Orchids was brought to the hammer, and realised £7,000. Three plants é 4
Cypripedium Stonei var. platytzenium fetched over £400. Subsequently he :
again became a collector of living Orchids, chiefly of rare and curious
kinds. But latterly he devoted much attention to the dried ferns he had
collected on his travels. He died on January 15th, 1888, and his second =
collection of Orchids was sold in May of the same year, when a small plant :
of the Cypripedium mentioned above brought the sum of £159 125.
“For some years Mr. Day employed Mr, C. B. Durham, a miniature

i

2

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chante Tae

AUGUST, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 239

painter, who exhibited largely at the Royal Academy and Suffolk Street
galleries between 1828 and 1858, to make coloured drawings of Orchids ;
and from a note in the Kew Correspondence there were 300 drawings by
this artist at a cost of £3 each. This collection, described as a very fine
one, was sold by auction after Mr. Day’s death, and is now the property of
Mr. Jeremiah Colman, of Gatton Park, Surrey.

‘‘We have mentioned Durham, because his name occurs here and there
in Day’s books, appended to a drawing of a flower or a plant, and because
he appears to have given Day lessons in drawing. In Book iv., p. 10, for
instance, there is the note appended to a drawing of Cattleya bicolor : ‘ My
gth lesson.’ At p. 66 of the same book is a coloured drawing of Cattleya
Schilleriana splendens, and the following note : ‘ Drawn by Mr. Durham,
June, 1862 ; the first drawing he ever did here. This from the plant bought
at Mr. Allen’s sale at Stevens’s in June, 1860, and the subject of Mr.
Durham’s beautiful drawing in vol. vii., p. 11.’

“In 1863 Mr. Day himself began sketching, the first sketch being dated
January 10, and he continued to make drawings up to within a few weeks
of his death, January 15, 1888, the last but one bearing the date November
12, 1887, the last being undated. All of the earlier ones are in ink, but in
many places he afterwards added coloured sketches, always giving the date
when done. The earliest sketches are somewhat rough and diagrammatic,
though botanically correct; but he improved rapidly, and his later work
was admirably executed, both as to drawing and colouring. Day must
have been very industrious at that period, for by the middle of February,
1864, he was half way through his seventh book, where (page 45) there is a
coloured figure of Cypripedium purpuratum, with the following note :
‘This is the first drawing I attempted in colours, using Gerty’s paint-box.
I was sufficiently satisfied with the result to buy a box for myself.’ His
satisfaction was quite justifiable, and his perseverance was soon rewarded
with great success. Practically all he did after this was coloured. In
December, 1882, he wrote to Kew applying for a pass of admission to the
gardens before the general public in order that he might make drawings of
the ‘ smaller, insignificant Orchids.’ This was granted, and writing again
in 1886 he mentions that he had drawn at least 70 that he had not seen
elsewhere. His last Kew drawing is dated October 29, 1887. From time
to time he presented living plants to Kew.

“The fact that the John Day collection contains drawings of a large
number of the types of Reichenbach’s species adds greatly to its value, as
most of them are not otherwise represented at Kew, and probably in no
other herbarium except the Reichenbachian shut up at Vienna, which,
according to the terms of Reichenbach’s testament, will not be accessible
till IQT4. W. 5B.

240 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [Aveust, r996,

HYBRID ODONTOGLOSSUMS.

THE annexed figures represent eight very beautiful Hybrid Odontoglossums
which were exhibited by M. Ch. Vuylsteke at the last Temple Show, and
are reproduced from photographs, taken by Mr. C. P. Raffill, of flowers
given to us by M. Vuylsteke. The figures represent the flowers as nearly
as possible half natural size, and as they were taken on isochromatic

Fig. 28. O: X ARDENTISSIMUM Fig. 29. O. X FORMOSUM
AR. APOLLO. VAR. }

Fig. 30. O. xX ARDENTISSIMUM Pi. 3%. Sx PERCULTUM
JAR. EXIMIUM. VAR. ORION.

plates with a yellow screen they represent the colours in their relative
degrees of brightness. They are all taken on the same scale, and thus
are readily comparable. The flowers were cut from plants in the a
group to which the Lindley Medal was awarded. -

O. X ARDENTISSIMUM VAR. APOLLO (fig. 28) is a very beautiful form .
having a white ground, with a slight rosy suffusion on the sepals, and vey 2
dark violet-purple blotches. The plant bore an inflorescence of twenty”

AUGUST, 1906. | THE ORCHID REVIEW. 241

one flowers. It is out of the original batch, derived from O. Pescatorei ¢
and O. crispum Franz Maxereel 3, but the blotches are less confluent than
in the one figured at page 209 of our tenth volume.

O. X FORMOSUM var. Diana (fig. 29) was exhibited as O. x percultum
var. Diana, but bears such a close resemblance to O. Xx formosum—figured
at p. 297 of our last volume—as to induce us to change the name, and M.
Vuylsteke agrees with the suggestion. It is just such a flower as would be

Fig. 32. O. X WILCKEANUM Fig. 33. O. X RUEICANS,
VAR. THALIA.

Fig. 34. O. X ALTUM Fig. 35. O. X AMABILE
VAR. BELLONF, . GOLIATH.

€xpected from O. x Rolfeze re-crossed with O. Pescatorei, being most like
the latter, but with traces of the unmistakeable Harryanum crest and
markings. The flower is white with bright purple blotches.

O. X ARDENTISSIMUM VAR. EXIMIUM (fig. 30) was exhibited as a seedling
of unknown origin, under the name of O. X eximium, but from its general
characters, including the column wings and crest, we believe it to be one of
the poly morphic ardentissimum forms. The white ground colour is some-

242 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [ AuGust, 1906,

what suffused with rose, and the much-confluent blotches may be described
as plum-purple in colour. :

O. X PERCULTUM VAR. ORION (fig. 31) is a very beautiful form which —
received an Award of Merit. It has rosy lilac flowers, closely barred and
blotched with cinnamon-brown. It contrasts rather strongly with the :
variety Cybele, figured at p. 273 of our last volume. The parentage of —
this hybrid was originally recorded as O. X Rolfeze X ardentissimum.
This was in 1904, but, as O. X ardentissimum was only exhibited two —
years previously, the record requires confirmation.

O. X WILCKEANUM var. THALIA (fig. 32) is a very large and handsome —
form, having the typical toothed petals, yellow ground colour and dark —
brown blotches of the original natural hybrid, whose origin it demonstrates.
The parents are O. luteopurpureum and O. crispum. va 7

O. X RUBICANS (fig. 33) was exhibited as a seedling of unknown origin, |
and, unless it is a heavily blotched form of O. x nitidum (Harryano-
crispum X Wilckeanum), we are unable to locate it. There is a trace of —
O. Harryanum about the crest. The ground colour is nearly white, and
the very confluent blotches are deep red-purple, becoming rather more brown —
on the lip. It is a very handsome thing. ae ;

O. X ALTUM vaR. BELLONE (fig. 34) was exhibited as O. X ardent: —
issimum X Hallii, though we should prefer to think of O. Pescatorei in
place of the first-named, on account of the shape of the lip, and the white —
ground colour. The markings are deep chocolate. It is a very striking
hybrid. a

O. X AMABILE vAR. GOLIATH (fig. 35) is the giant of the series, and
has an expanse of 4} inches across the petals. It is out of the batch of 7
O. X Harryano-crispum recrossed with O. crispum, and has a creail
white ground with numerous light cinnamon blotches.

é

BES So ae

SOCIETIES,

ROYAL HORTICULTURAL. ae

THE Great Summer Show was held at Holland Park, Kensington, 0” July:
Toth and 11th, by kind permission of the:Countess of Ilchester, and was .
delightful function in every respect. There was a very good display
Orchids, including numerous choice things, and the awards included four
First-class Certificates, seven Awards of Merit, a Gold Medal and three

peer oi

Silver Cups. ,

Sir Frederick Wigan, Bart., Clare Lawn, East Sheen (gr. Mr. Youths
staged a choice group, to which a Silver Cup was awarded. ‘Tt ind eo
the handsome Zygopetalum xX Roeblingianum in fine condition, Lelie
cattleya eximia, L.-c. H. Greenwood, Cochlioda Neetzliana, Dendrobu™
Phalzenopsis, Cattleya x Whitei Wigan’s var., C. Gaskelliana and

mies

AUGUST, 190.1} THE ORCHID REVIEW. 243

alba, C. Warscewiczii, and some good C. Mossiz, two beautiful examples
of Platyclinis filiformis, Miltonia vexillaria superba, Odontoglossum xX
ardentissimum var. Joyce, some good Sobralias, Cypripedium x Helen, C.
X politum, C. x Excelsior, Bulbophyllum Dearei, &c. A First-class
Certificate was given to the remarkable Javan Bulbophyllum virescens,
bearing an umbel of eight very large flowers, having long, caudate, greenish
sepals, and the lip suffused with purple; and a Botanical Certificate to
the pretty little Burmese Hemipilia amethystina, having the leaf prettily
variegated with brown and green, and an erect spike of bright purple
flowers.

Jeremiah Colman, Esq., Gatton Park, Reigate (gr. Mr. Bound), also
received a Silver Cup for a large and handsome group, which was very
artistically arranged. It contained some good Oncidium macranthum
bearing numerous spikes, O. leucochilum, Epidendrum x Boundii, a fine
example of E. prismatocarpum, several good Dendrobium Maccarthiz,
Spathoglottis x Colmani var. fulvissima, prettily marbled with rosy red, some
good Cattleya Wars:ewiczii, C. Forbesii, a fine lot of Lelio-cattleya
Pheebe, two plants of the rare Miltonia levis, Odontoglossum Harryanum,
a good O. tripudians, Lelia majalis superba with three fine flowers, the
remarkable Stanhopea tigrina, Colax jugosus, Cochlioda Neetzliana,
Epiphronitis x Veitchii, a good plant of Cirrhopetalum Cumingii, Bulbo-
phyllum Lobbii, a nice lot of Cypripedium niveum, and cut spikes of some
British Orchids, including Orchis maculata and Ophrys apifera. These
and some of the smaller things were bedded in moss in front of the
group, and were very effective.

W. P. Burkinshaw, Esq., Hessle, Hull (gr. Mr. Barker), received a
First-class Certificate for Cattleya Warscewiczii White Queen, a plant
which gained an Award of Merit on August 4, 1903. It has white sepals
and petals, and a rich amethyst lip, with two large yellow eyes and some
golden veining on the disc. We believe it is a white Hardyana, allied to the
var. Countess of Derby.

J. Gurney Fowler, Esq., Glebelands, S. Woodford (gr. Mr. Davis),
Teceived a First-class Certificate for Cypripedium x calloso-Rothschildi-
anum, a noble plant bearing two strong spikes, each with three magnificent
flowers.
H. S. Goodson, Esq., Fairlawn, West Hill, Putney (gr. Mr. Day),
Teceived an Award of Merit for Cattleya x F. W. Wigan, Goodson’s var.,
& very handsome form. ‘

Major G. L. Holford, C.1.E., C.V.O., Westonbirt (gr. Mr. Alexander),
Teceived an Award of Merit for Brassocattleya Madame Hye (C.
Harrisoniana x B. Digbyana), having pretty light rose flowers, with the

disc of the lip light yellow and all the lobes somewhat fringed. He also

244 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [Aucusr, 1906,

showed a good flower of Sobralia Sanderiana, and Miltonia vexillaria
Hardy’s var., a small rosy form, having a dark purple blotch at the base

the lip. a

Gustav H. Miiller, Esq., Rotterdam, received an Award of Merit for

si

a handsome plant called Odontoglossum grande Zandaghe var., having —
large yellow flowers barred with dark brown on the lower part of the

segments, but the cirrhose column wings were more suggestive of 0,
Williamsianum.

W. Thompson, Esq., Walton Grange, Stone (gr. Mr. Stevens), sent
Odontoglossum X Crawshayanum, Walton Grange var., having very lerge —

heavily blotched yellow flowers, with the ground colour of the lip white.

Francis Wellesley, Esq., Westfield, Woking (gr. Mr. Hopkins), sent
Cattleya Gaskelliana var. Mrs. De B. Crawshay, having the flowers light
rosy lilac throughout.

Messrs. Sander & Sons, St. Albans, staged a large and remarkably rich —

group, to which a Gold Medal was awarded. It was very effectively ;
arranged with graceful palms and ferns. Among the more noteworthy —
plants it contained were a batch of seven Vanda Sanderiana, V. coerulea —

gigantea, a vigorous plant with very large flowers, numerous good forms of?
Lelio-cattleya Martinetii and other Lelio-cattleyas, Nanodes Meduse ~

with sixteen flowers, two examples of the rare Lelia majalis alba, some —

good Dendrobium Dalhousieanum, Oncidium macranthum, leucochilum,

crispum, dasytyle and phymatochilum, Brassia verrucosa, numerous good ;
Odontoglossums, including O. Harryanum, O. x amabile Royal Sovereigm —
a large handsomely blotched form, O. Pescatorei, O. Uroskinneri, Lycast —

Skinneri alba, Ancistrochilus Thomsonianus, a pretty light yellow form of

Masdevallia coccinea, together with the type, M. coriacea, Renanthera A
Imschootiana, Warscewiczella velata, the handsome purple Bifrenaria
tyrianthina, Epidendrum nemorale, E. atropurpureum Randii, a number —

of showy Cattleyas, three plants of Brassavola Digbyana, various

Cypripediums, Miltonia vexillaria Hardy’s var., and numerous others, —

Deere 2 ede aes

including some good Stanhopea tigrina, S. oculata, S. devoniensis, and
three plants of the handsome Laczena bicolor Sander’s var., one of t : ..
bearing four long pendulous racemes. The latter plants were suspended
in a way that set off the pendulous flowers to advantage. A First-class
Certificate was given to Cypripedium Godefroyz leucochilum Hodgkinsom
a remarkably large and handsomely blotched form, and Awards of Merit tO
the pure white Aérides virens Sandere and Brassocattleya striata splendid-

issima, the latter having large white flowers with reddish veins, and 4 .
yellow disc to the lip, with a rosy suffusion in front. :

Messrs. Charlesworth & Co., Heaton, Bradford, also staged a very ,:
stoup, to which a Silver Cup was awarded. Among the more notew®

AUGUST, 1906.| THE ORCHID REVIEW. 245

exhibits were a lot of fine Lzlio-cattleyas, the brilliant Sophrolzlia leta
Charlesworthii, a fine bank of Phalznopsis amabilis Rimestadiana, pro-
fusely flowered, P. violacea, numerous examples of the handsome Odonto-
glossuam X Rolfee, Epidendrum nemorale, the rare Schomburgkia
Thompsoniana, Cymbidium Huttoni, Masdevallia x Courtauldiana and
calura, Bulbophyllum Lobbii, Miltonia Phalznopsis and vexillaria, the rare
Cirrhopetalum pulchrum, Oncidium Gardneri, O. macranthum, O..
Harrisonianum, a pretty hybrid between Cattleya Harrisoniana and C.
Schilleriana, C. Loddigesii, C. Mossiz Wageneri, C. x Hyades, a fine
C. X Lord Rothschild, Brassocattleya Digbyano-Mossie#, a very fine
example of Cypripedium X Daisy Barclay, the rare C. prestans, Brasso-
lzlia Helen, and numerous other good things. One Award of Merit was
given to Odontoglossum xX Eurydice (cirrhosum xX _ hastilabium), a
handsome hybrid fairly intermediate between the two parents in shape, the
sepals and petals whitish, barred with red-brown except near the apex, and
the lip constricted in the middle, with the upper half white and the lower
yellow barred with red-brown,

Messrs. Hugh Low & Co., Enfield, received a Silver-gilt Flora Medal
for a fine group, including some good Cattleya Mossie, C. Gaskelliana
alba, C. G. superba, C. Eldorado, C. Grossii, C. Warscewiczii Low’s var.,
with the yellow blotches greatly reduced, a fine plant of Epidendrum
prismat pum with ar spikes, E. vitellinum, Leelio-cattleya Canhamiana
alba, L.-c. Whateleyz, Anguloa Clowesii and A. Ruckeri, Brassavola
Digbyana, Oncidium pulvinatum, carthaginense and leucochilum, Notylia
multiflora, Lycaste tricolor, Deppei and aromatica, Bifrenaria vitellina,
Masdevallia muscosa, peristeria and trichete, a nice batch of Cypripedium
niveum, C. xX macrochilum giganteum with four fine flowers, Sobralia
Wilsoni, Dendrobium ccrystallinum album, Bulbophyllum Dearei,
Ccelogyne speciosa, Odontoglossum Pescatorei, Vanda ccerulea, and others.

M. A. A. Peeters, St. Gilles, Brussels, sent a plant of the charming
albino Cattleya X Mrs. Myra Peeters (Gaskelliana alba x Warneri alba).

Messrs. Stanley & Co., Southgate, sent the pretty white Cattleya
Mendelii Quorndon House var.

Messrs. Dowel and Sons, Hammersmith, received a Bronze Banksian
Medal for a good collection of Orchid pottery.

Orchid peat, leaf mould, and other Orchid requisites, were shown in
the sundries tent by various exhibitors.

At the meeting held a week later (July 17th), at the Royal Horticultural
Hall, Vincent Square, Westminster, Orchids were not numerous, the
Committee giving only two Silver Banksian Medals, one First-class ~~
tificate, and two Awards of Merit.

246 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [AuGUST, 1906.

J. Gurney Fowler, Esq., Glebelands, S. Woodford (gr. Mr.: Davis), :
showed Cypripedium x Mrs. Rehder, Glebelands var. (Argus X Roths- ;
childianum), and Aérides Houlletianum, Fowler’s var., a magnificent
flower, which obtained a First-class Certificate. The latter had buff-yellow
sepals and petals tipped with rose, and the front part of the lip bright-rose
purple.

J. Bradshaw, Esq., The Grange, Southgate, N. (gr. Mr. Whitelegge),
sent two plants of the Guatemalan Lycaste tricolor, one with sixteen and
the other with twenty-four flowers, for which a Cultural Commendation
was given. He also received an Award of Merit for L. tricolor albens,
having very pale green sepals and petals and a white lip. .

Major G. L. Holford, C,I.E., C.V.O., Westonbirt, Tetbury (gr. Mr.
Alexander), showed a fine series of cut flowers of Sobralia, including the
large and handsome S. Holfordi, the lip of which measured 4% inches across,
five flowers of the pure white S. macrantha Kienastiana, the fine S.
Sanderiana, S. Amesiana, having large yellowish flowers tinged with rose, |
and other fine things.

R. I. Measures, Esq., Cambridge Lodge, Camberwell (gr. Mr. Smith),
exhibited Cypripedium xX Wottoni (callosum x bellatulum), having the
flower tinted with rose and with some purple spots on the petals, Seleni-
pedium nitidissimum, and another Selenipedium allied to longifolium.

C. G. Newkirchner, Uplands Road, Hornsey, sent a plant of Oncidium
pumilum, bearing an erect inflorescence of small yellow flowers. yy

Messrs. Hugh Low and Co., Enfield, received a Silver Banksian Medal
for an excellent group, containing a large Cattleya Gaskelliana, C. G. alba,
C. Mossiz, C. Mendelii, an example of C. Harrisoniana with twelve flowers,
a form of C. H. alba with two flowers, Odontoglossum Schleiperianum
citrinum, Leliocattleya Ingrami, and four plants of Odontoglossum
Pescatorei. a

Messrs. Stanley and Co., Southgate, were awarded a Silver Banksiat
Medal for an effective group, containing some fine examples of Cattleya 4
Aclandiz, C. Dowiana aurea, some good C. Mendelii, two plants of
a natural hybrid between C. X intermedia and C. guttata, and other —
plants. Lae

M. A. A. Peeters, St. Gilles, Brussels, received an Award of Merit for
Cattleya x Mrs. Myra Peeters (Gaskelliana alba xX Warneri alba), #
beautiful pure white hybrid.

Messrs. Duchesne, Lanthorne and Co., Watermael, Brussels, showed 2 —
handsome form of Odontoglossum Vuylstekei, having the flowers white,
with the sepals and petals heavily blotched with rose, and the lip bearing
large brownish blotch in front of the crest, with the margin white, an¢
prettily fringed.

ss Serer ets

eee
serene a

AvuGUST, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 247

A third meeting was held on July 31st, in connection with the Hybrid-
isation Conference, when a fine lot of exhibits was staged, the awards con-
sisting of six medals, four First-class Certificates, and four Awards of
Merit.

Major Holford, C.I.E.. C.V.O., Westonbirt (gr. Mr. Alexander), staged
a handsome little group, to which a Silver Banksian Medal was given. It
contained three’ good plants of Cattleya X mollis, Brassocattleya Digbyano-
Warscewiczii, four brilliant forms of Lelio-cattleya callistoglossa, L.-c.
Clive, two good L.-c. Baroness Schréder, Cypripedium insigne Sandere xX
Maudiz, a yellowish flower with some dull brown markings, and a Lelia
(Jongheana X tenebrosa), having rosy purple flowers with a white throat.
A First-class Certificate was given to Cattleya x Lord Rothschild, Weston-
birt var., a very brilliantly coloured form, and Awards of Merit to Cattleya
x Ashtoni Westonbirt var., and Sophrolelia Phroso (L. Jongheana x
Sophrolzlia leta- Orpetiana), most resembling the pollen parent and
having brilliant rose-purple flowers with a rich orange throat.

R. I. Measures, Esq., Cambridge Lodge, Camberwell (gr. Mr. Smith),
received a Silver Banksian Medal for a small group of about fourteen well-
grown Anzectochili, in which some good Dossinia marmorata and Macodes
Petola were conspicuous. Lelio-cattleya Ingrami Ladymeade var., a
fine very dark form, was also sent.

H. T. Pitt, Esq., Rosslyn, Stamford Hill (gr. Mr. Thurgood), received
a First-class Certificate for Odontoglossum X crispo-Harryanum Rosslyn
var., a very robust plant, bearing a stout spike of fourteen enormous
flowers.

J. Gurney Fowler, Esq., S. Woodford (gr. Mr. Davis), sent the hand-
some Cypripedium x I’Ansoni, Leliocattleya elegans Broomeana, and
Cattleya xX Atalanta Fowler’s var., the latter a very richly-coloured form
which received an Award of Merit.

De Barri Crawshay, Esq., Rosefield, Sevenoaks (gr. Mr. Stables), sent
two plants of Promenza X Crawshayana, the original, having finer flowers
than the other, being called var. Theodora. He also sent P. citrina and P.
Stapelioides, the two parents, and a plant of Odontoglossum purum, one of
the flowers having a purple blotch on the lip.

Francis Wellesley, Esq., Westfield, Woking, sent Lzeliocattleya Pisce
albens, having cream white sepals and petals, and the front of the lip light
purple, L.-c. Miss Gilberta Blount (L.-c. epicasta X C. Dowiana aurea),
rosy purple with an orange throat tothe lip, and Cattleya Eldorado Orange
Queen.

Sir Frederick Wigan, Bart., Clare Lawn, East Sheen (gr. Mr, Young),
sent Cypripedium x excelsior and Lelio-cattleya Ira (L. longipes X L.-c.
Schilleriana).

248 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [ AuGust, I9¢

Messrs. Sander & Sons, St. Albans, staged a very fine group, which
gained a Silver Flora Medal. It contained some good Leelio-cattleyas,
Cattleya x triumphans, C. x Prince Edward (Warscewiczii x ;
Schilleriana), Stanhopea saccata, Catasetum Bungerothii, Epidendrum
‘prismatocarpum, Brassavola Digbyana, Maxillaria venusta, Miltonia gs
vexillaria J. Gurney Fowler, a large pale lilac form, about three dozen good —
examples of Disa grandiflora, Cypripedium xX Black Prince (Euryades X
Rothschildianum), a very dark hybrid, C. Rothschildianum, Ancistrochilus —
Thomsonianus, Oncidium longipes, Odontoglossum Uroskinneri, 0. X _
formosum, a heavily blotched O. x loochristiense (derived from 0.
triumphans latisepalum crossed with a blotched crispum), another light —
yellow slightly spotted form said to be from the same seed parent crossed
with O. x Wilckeanum, though the flower rather suggested O. X Adriana,
a nearly white Masdevallia Harryana, &c. A First-class Certificate was
given toa plant called C. Warscewiczii saturata, a very handsome thing, —
having the eye-like blotches nearly obliterated, but with a little yellow :
veining on the disc, and an Award of Merit to Odontoglossum x Fletcher-
janum (Edwardi x cirrhosum), most like the former, but having more —
acuminate segments, and the lip rose-coloured in front. |

Messrs. Charlesworth & Co., Heaton, Bradford, also received a Silver —
Flora Medal for a very fine group, including several fine examples of
Odontoglossum x Rolfe with its two parents, O. x amabile, 0. X
Ossultoni, and var. splendens, some good Cattleyas and Leelio-cattleyas, :
Phalenopsis x intermedia and its two parents, P. Aphrodite and P. rosea, é
with P. Esmeralda, P. fasciata, and P. amabilis Rimestadiana, Cycnoches —
Egertonianum viride, with a very long spike, Anguloa Ruckeri, Sophro-
cattleya Chamberlainiana, Epidendrum glaucum, Cymbidium Huttonl, |
Acanthophippium javanicum, Restrepia maculata, Pleurothallis micto
blepharis, Masdevallia x Imogene, the rare Oncidium — stramineum,
O. cucullatum, O. Forbesii, O. x Mantinii, Cypripedes, and other interest: 3
ing things. A First-class Certificate was given to Cattleya X Claudian :
(Lueddemanniana x Schilleriana), a large and handsome hybrid, havins
Tose-purple sepals and petals, and a strongly three-lobed lip, veined with
rosy crimson. a

Messrs. Hugh Low & Co., Enfieid, received a Silver Banksian Medal
for an interesting group, containing some good Cattleya Mossi q
Gaskelliana, granulosa and Leopoldi, Broughtonia sanguinea, Promees a
Stapelioides, Dendrobium x Leeanum enfieldense, Epidendrum Parkinse®
ianum, Odontoglossum Wallisii, Bulbophyllum Lobbii, Cypripedit™™
hirsutissimum and various others. ee

Messrs. Stanley & Co., Southgate, received a Silver Banksian M o
for an attractive group, containing Cattleya Loddigesii and C. Harriso®

*

att oe ee ab Reet,

pee

AucustT, 1906. ] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 249

iana, C. Gaskelliana, Dendrobiura Phalznopsis, Lzlio-cattleya amand1,
several Odontoglossum Harryanum, O. citrosmum, Lelio-cattleya Adolphus,
Cypripedium X vexillarium, C. x A. de Lairesse, C. Xx Youngianum, &c.

Messrs. Edgar & Co., Montrose, Derby Road, S. Woodford, showed
a little group of Cypripediums, including C. glaucophyllum, C. Chamber-
lainianum, C. X Kimballianum, C. x javanico-superbiens, and_ several
others.

MANCHESTER AND NORTH OF ENGLAND ORCHID.

A meeting of this Society was held at the Coal Exchange, Manchester,
on July 12th, when there were present :—E. Ashworth, Esq., in the chair,
and Messrs. Ashton, R. Ashworth, Cowan, Cypher, Keeling, Leemann,
Parker, Rogers, Ritchie, Shill, Smith, Stevens, Thorpe, Upjohn, Ward,
Williamson, and Weathers (Hon. Sec.). There was a good display ot
Orchids. :

W. Thompson, Esq., Stone (gr. Mr. Stevens), received a Gold Medal
for an exceptionally fine group of plants, consisting chiefly of Odonto-
glossums, but also containing some good Cypripedes, C. x Daisy Barclay,
(Godefroye leucochilum x _ Rothschildianum), and C. Godefroye
leucochilum var. Hodgkinsoni, both receiving First-class Certificates, and
C. X Sheila (Harrisianum superbum X triumphans) an Award of Merit.
A lot of finely grown and flowered examples of Cochlioda Neetzliana
received a Cultural Certificate.

J. Charlton Parr, Esq., Grappenhall Heyes, near Warrington (gr. Mr.
Marsterton), showed an exceedingly good collection of Disa grandiflora, to
which a Cultural Certificate and Special Vote of Thanks were awarded.

Dr. A. Hodgkinson, Wilmslow (gr. Mr. Woore), obtained a First-class
Certificate for Cypripedium Godefroy leucochilum var. Hodgkinsoni and
€. niveum Grange variety.

E. Ashworth, Esq., Wilmslow (gr. Mr. Holbrook), received Awards of
Merit for Cattleya Mendelii var. Oakes Ames, and Dendrobium xX
Leeanum.

R. Ashworth, Esq., Newchurch (gr. Mr. Pidsley), received a Bronze
Medal for a small group, including Cypripedium x Britannia, the new
hybrid Odontoglossum x _ ashlandense (polyxanthum X Adrianz), and
others.

P. Smith, Esq., Ashton-on-Mersey (gr. Mr. Kitchin), also received a
Bronze Medal for a good miscellaneous group, in which Cattleya xX
Hardyana Haddon House var. was specially noteworthy.

Mrs. S. Wood, Glossop (gr. Mr. Gould), showed a good collection of
plants, containing some fine hybrid Cattleyas, a Bronze Medal being
awarded.

250 é THE ORCHID REVIEW. [ Aucust, 1

Max Isaac, Esq,, Liverpooi, showed a fine example of Lelio-ca th
callistoglossa, a Vote of Thanks being given.

Messrs. H. Low & Co., Enfield, showed Cattleya Gaskelliana alba,
which received an Award of Merit.

A FLOATING ORCHID (HABENARIA REPENS).

THIS interesting species is figured in the issue of the Fournal of the New —
York Botanic Garden for April last (p. 112), and Dr. H. H. Rusby con ~
tributes the following very interesting note about it :— Be

‘“‘ Many species of Habenaria are found in damp localities, and a fog |
actually grow in water, but so far as known to the writer this is the first
record of one growing in a floating position. ‘

“In the delta of the Orinoco there occur many lakes or pools, con:

ected with. the river by channels in which the water flows only when |
Bos of level occur in the main stream. During the rainy season the S
water flows into them from the river, and they acquire a much greater
depth than in the dry season, when, in fact, many of them dry up alto
gether. These pools offer rich harvests to the collector of aquatics. ine |
some of them the plants are all rooted in the mud, while in others, where ~
there is little current or other violent disturbance attendant upon the
change in level, much floating vegetation is found. One of these still pools.
existed at the back of a hill facing the river, upon which was built the one
house that now constitutes Sacupana, where Mr. Squires and myself spent
part of the collecting season of 1896. The shores of this pool were often
visited by us, but no favourable opportunity occurred for exploring its
surface until one day in May, shortly before our departure. On this afters
noon we took a small cedar canoe and explored the narrow tortuous boi
that connecis the pool and the river running along the eastern base of thi
hill. The river had already risen some four or five feet from its lowes
level. Few plants were found in the bayou until we had reached a point
nearly a mile from the river, where we found the channel completely filled,
and our progress stopped by a heavy sedge, which appeared to grow frome
the shallow water at each side of the DayOu. .. ..

** A short distance beyond this obstruction the ee turned sharply to .
the west and broadened out into a small pool between a quarter and a
mile in length, and with an average width of perhaps a hundred yrs
Probably half of it consisted of open water, which swarmed with fish an
reptiles. . . . Qn the surface, which was not clear, the greater pie
was thinly coyered with slender and sparsely leafy grass stems, W which 105%
to a height of about six feet above the eurdace. 2. acs. The remain
the pool was covered with floating aquatics and floating leaves, but an

AUGUST, 1g06. | THE ORCHID REVIEW. 25

of them in bloom at the time. In the midst of a floating mass of this kind,
perhaps fifty yards in breadth, many yards from the shore, and exposed to:
the bright sunshine, were many plants of a Habenaria that has been deter-
mined by Mr. Rolfe as H. repens, Nuttall. They grew singly for the most
part. Occasionally several would stand sufficiently near together to have
their roots intermingled, but I did not notice any apparent connection.

The plants grew in every case where slender-stemmed aquatics, such as
Potamogeton or Myriophyllum, grew so thickly as to furnish a support. A
rhizome about an inch long and an eighth of an inch thick was imbedded
among the plants, rising obliquely from them, and at the top of this the
stem grew erect, in no case much more than six inches above the surface.
The yellowish white roots, well clothed with short and thick root-hairs, did
not dip down into the water, but spread out almost horizontally through
the mass of vegetation, a considerable body of which was lifted up when the
Habenaria plants were raised. With a little shaking they were readily
drawn out. The inflorescence was of a light green colour, the leaves of a °
rather light, but brilliant green, and suberect.

“The plant would have been more carefully examined had it not beem
found just as we were about to make a hasty return. It did not occur to
us to investigate its germination, which we might have done, as many
plants were in fruit. It seems reasonable to suppose that the seeds ger-
minate while in the pods.

“Tt is not improbable that the plant is common in such localities, but
we had no other opportunity of finding it. It certainly did not grow along
the shore, nor in the mud, for such localities, there and elsewhere, were
often searched, so far as this locality is concerned, therefore, the plant grows.
only as a natant.”

CATTLEYA x LUCIENIANA.
SoME further light is now thrown on the question of the origin of Cattleya
X Lucieniana, so recently discussed (page 208). At the Holland House
Show a hybrid Cattleya was exhibited by Messrs. Charlesworth & Co.
labelled “‘C. Harrisoniana X Schilleriana.” It was originally purchased
on the Continent with this record, which has every appearance of being
correct. The plant is clearly a seedling, as it still retained the tiny seedling
gtowths, and the flowers unmistakably combined the characters of the two:
species mentioned. Though most like the former in colour, the petals are
distinctly undulate, and the lip is broad with ample side lobes, and this,
with the distinctly dwarfer habit, shows the influence of the other parent.
The front lobe of the lip is crisped, and suffused with purple ; the side lobes
are cream yellow, slightly suffused with purple towards the margin, while
some of the characteristic Harrisoniana markings occur on the disc. It

we THE ORCHID REVIEW. [AUGUST, 1906

appears to have the same origin as the natural hybrid C. x Lucieniana,
and as the two supposed parents are not yet known to grow together itis
clear that we have yet something to learn about their distribution. The
fact is we have still much to learn about the distribution of Brazilian’
‘Cattleyas. R. AJ Roa

THE HYBRIDIST.

L#1L10-caTTLEYA X Saxa.—A flower of a brilliant little hybrid is sent from
the collection of J. H. Grogan, Esq., Slaney Park, Baltinglass, Co. Wick-
low. Mr. Grogan writes :—‘‘ The cross is C. Bowringiana x C. Schil-
leriana, and the plant isa little one given me by Mr. Moore, of Chardwar,
Bourton-on-the-Water. It is giving three flowers this year, but when
strong will doubtless give many more. I think it is a little gem.” The
flowers are rather larger than the seed parent, the petals measuring over 2;
inches long, while the shape, the undulate petals, and the rich colour of C.
Schilleriana are all written large on it. The front lobe of the lip is broadly
rounded, somewhat bilobed at the apex, and of the richest crimson; the
side lobes sharply angied, rather flattened in front, and rich crimson at the
apex and margin, while the base and disc are deep yellow, with numerous
radiating crimson veins. The sepals and petals are uniformly rich crimson,
the petals being an inch broad. It should develop into a very handsome
thing.

La&.ia X Nora.—A pretty little hybrid raised in the collection of E.
F. Clark, Esq., Chamonix, Teignmouth, from Lelia cinnabarina X L.
xanthina. The flower sent is from a stray seedling, found on a withered
Cypripedium leaf, and was not suspected to belong to the same cross until
it flowered, when its origin was apparant. Two seedlings only appeared
where the seed was sown, and these have not yet flowered. The spike has
three flowers, fairly intermediate in character. The sepals are narrowly
oblong, 13 inches long, and the petals similar, and scarcely exceeding the 1
petals in breadth; while the colour is very deep yellow. The lip is three
lobed ; the front lobe rounded, undulate, with a recurved acute apex; and G
the side lobes broadly rounded and undulate. The colour is bright yellow,
with about five narrow brown lines on the disc. Mr. Clark states that the :
flower seemed exceedingly like xanthina when it first opened, and that the :
plant shows less of the cinnabarina character than usual. It is a bright
and attractive little hybrid, and should develop into a good thing. ,

SOPHROLELIA xX PurRosoO.—This is a brilliant little hybrid, derived
from Lelia Jongheana ¢ and Sophrolelia lata Orpetiana 3, from me 2
collection of Major G. L. Holford, which received an Award of Merit from
the R.H.S. on July 31st. The sepals and petals are brilliant deep Bi
purple, the latter measuring over an inch broad and extending three inches

AUGUST, 1906.]| THE ORCHID REVIEW. 253

from tip to tip. The lip is over 14 inches long, somewhat three-lobed,
undulate, and bright purple with an orange-yellow throat and disc, the
latter bearing several longitudinal keels, much dwarfer than those of the
seed parent. It shows unmistakeable evidence of its origin, the shape and
brilliant colour being largely that of the seed parent, while the enlarged
size and richly coloured throat and keels are derived from the Lelia. The
habit is dwarf, as in both parents, and altogether it is a charming little
plant, though not yet fully developed.

LaviaA X DapHNeE.—This is another hybrid from Lelia Jongheana, of
which a flower was exhibited by Major Holford on July 31st, the second
parent being L. tenebrosa. It is most like L. Jongheana in shape, having
elongated spreading sepals and petals, the latter being an inch and a
quarter broad and having an expanse of seven inches, while the colour is
bright lilac purple. The lip is over 2} inches long, with a long convolute
base, and somewhat three-lobed and expanded above, the colour being
lilac-purple with somewhat darker veins and a nearly white throat, with
very slight traces of the Jongheana keels on the disc. It is somewhat
curious that the combination of the orange yellow throat of L. Jongheana
with the blackish purple throat of L. tenebrosa should have resulted in a
nearly white throat in the hybrid, though something approaching it is seen
when the last-named parent is combined with Cattleya Harrisoniana. It
is a very distinct hybrid. Maas

ORCHIDS IN SEASON.

THREE beautiful Cattleyas from the collection of Major G. L. Holford,
Westonbirt, Tetbury, serve to remind us how completely the numerous
hybrids have eliminated what was formerly known as the “dull season.”
C. x Lord Rothschild Westonbirt var, is an extremely fine and richly
coloured form which has just received a First-class Certificate from the
R.H.S., while C. x Ashtoni Westonbirt var. has gained an Award of Merit-
The latter has petals with an expanse of six inches, and nearly two inches
broad, while the colour is bright lilac-rose. The lip is nearly entire, with
a large amount of light yellow on the disc, and some bright amethyst in
front.

C. X mollis has also a nearly entire rich purple lip with a large yellow
throat, and bright rosy-lilac sepals and petals. The plants exhibited
were splendidly grown.

A charming variety of Cattleya Gaskelliana, called Seampston Hall
Beauty, is sent from the collection of W. H. St. Quintin, Esq., Seampston
Hall, Rillington, York, by Mr. F. C. Puddle. It is of good size and shape,
and pure white in colour with the exception ofa suffused light purple blotch
in front of the yellow disc of the lip.

254 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [Aucusr, 1¢0f

An interesting little group is sent from the collection of J. J. Ne
Esq., of Penarth, by Mr. Haddon. It contains flowers of the beau
Cattleya Eldorado crocata, Lelia xanthina, Epidendrum prismatocarpum
and cochleatum, Odontoglossum Schlieperianum and bictoniense,
Masdevallia ionocharis, M. civilis, M. Reichenbachiana, Oncidi
macranthum, O. leucochilum, O. prestans, Maxillaria tenuifolia, and —
Chysis levis. a

Two forms of the handsome Barkeria spectabilis are sent from the -
collection of Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., Burford, Dorking, by Mr. White, y
one being much larger than the other. It is a very handsome species when —
‘well grown, and the larger one is considered to be an exceptionally good 3
~variety. ‘

A flower of a Brazilian Cattleya sent by the Marquis de Wavrin, —
‘Chateau de Ronsele, Somerghem, Belgium, proves to he the rare ‘
‘C. Schroederiana, Rchb. f., now believed to be a natural hybrid between —
‘C. dolosa and C. bicolor. Its history was given at p. 314 of our last volume. “

Three good flowers of Paphiopedilum barbatum are sent from the

‘collection of Gen. Hadden, C.B., Rossway, Berkhamstead, by Mr. S. Aish, —
‘who remarks that the plants have flowered three times during the last
‘twelve months. The plants were purchased a year ago in flower, and when K
‘flowering was over they were top dressed, and then flowered again m e
December. These were pollinated with other varieties, and capsules were
‘formed, but now another lot of buds have appeared, most of which have —
‘been removed, not to exhaust the plants. Those which have been allowed 4
‘to flower again are, however, just as healthy as the others. :
A particularly fine and well-coloured form of Dendrobium Wardianum S
‘was some time ago sent by Mr. F. J. Smith, The Gardens, Smalley Hall, _
Derby. It was purchased last year asa small plant with two bulbs, but
now one of them has produced much smaller flowers than the other, and it
ds suggested that there may be two plants in the pot.

LAELIA GRANDIFLORA ALBA.
‘Two plants of this chaste and, beautiful albino were included in Mess!
‘Sander’s group at the Holland House Show of the R.H.S., and were greatly
admired. Its history has already been given (Orch. Rev. ix, pp- 20 310).
‘Considering that it has been known since 1880 it is remarkable how rare®
is in Europe—indeed we had not seen it alive before, and do not know "
its having been previously exhibited here, though several plants Ge
known in America. The flowers are pure white throughout, and in this
respect alone it differs from the type, with which it forms a charming com
trast. A figure of it has just appeared (Gard. Chron. 1906, i. pp- 44 458
20), as L. majalis alba. R.A.R

Aucust, 1906. ] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 2355

NOTES.
Two meetings of the R. H. S. will be held at the Royal Horticultural Hall,
Vincent Square, West ter, during August, on the r4th and 28th, when

the Orchid Committee will meet at the usual hour, 12 o’clock noon. ‘lhe
subjects of the special competition on these dates are :—Aug. 14th, Leelio-
cattleya elegans and its hybrids; Aug. 28th, Cattleya Warscewiczii and its
hybrids.

The next meeting of the Manchester and North of England Orchid
Society will be held at the Coal Exchange, Manchester, on August 16th.
The Committee meets at noon, and the exhibits are open to inspection
from I to 3 p.m.

__ A photograph of the beautiful Cattleya labiata alba is sent from the
collection of Clement Moore, Esq., Hackensack, New Jersey, U.S.A.,
through Mr. A. Dimmock, who remarks that it is of fine shape, and very
distinct, on account of the usual yellow throat being almost suppressed»
while its long fringed lip and fine texture make the variety highly prized by
its owner, who is one of the most successful growers of Cattleyas in America.
The spike bears four flowers. A photograph of Cattleya x Hardyana is
also sent, showing a three-flowered inflorescence, which is remarkable for
the fact that one flower shows two distinct eye-like blotches in the throat,
recalling those of the C. Warscewiczii parent, while in the other two
flowers they are absent. In each case the Dowiana veining in the throat
is very marked.

A flower of the handsome Brassocattleya Madame Hye (Cattleya
Harrisoniana X Brassavola Digbyana), to which an Award of Merit was
given at the Holland House Show, is sent from the collection of Major
Holford, Westonbirt, Tetbury, by Mr. Alexander. It is most like an
enlarged edition of the former, the flower having an expanse of 54 inches
across the petals. The colour is rosy lilac, with the disc of the strongly
three-lobed lip light yellow. The front lobe is 1} inches broad, and some-
‘what reflexed, while all the lobes are somewhat fimbriate. It is very dis-
tinct from the Brassocattleyas which have previously appeared.

Odontoglossum X Fletcherianum is a very interesting hybrid between
‘O, Edwardii @ and O. cirrhosum ¢, exhibited by Messrs. Sander & Sons,
St. Aliens, at the R.H.S. Meeting on July 31st, when it received an Awaid
of Mérit. It has the general habit and inflorescence of O. Edwardii, as
well as its dark purple colour, but the sepals and petals are more acumiuate,
and the lip is modified in shape. The colour shades off to rose at the acute

apex, and the crest is deep yellow.

256 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [Aucust, 19

Two other interesting seedlings were exhibited by Messrs. Sander, the
first derived from O. triumphans latisepalum, the Bogota form of the
species, crossed with a spotted crispum. The flower is light yellow, heavily -
blotched with brown; in fact it is a well blotched form of O. x loochristi-
ense. The other was from the same seed parent, crossed, it is said, with
O. X Wilckeanum, though the broad segments and compact shape
suggest O. X Adriane. The colour is light yellow, with a few light brown
spots on all the segments. | ae

ORCHID PORTRAITS.

CaTTLEYA Mossi& -REINECKEANA, THE Baron.—fourn. Hort., 1905,
ll. p. 27, with fig.
CYPRIPEDIUM GODEFROYAZ HopGKINSONI.—Gard. Chron., 1906, ii. PP» 4
32, 36, fig. 16. oe
L2&LIA MAJALIS ALBA.—Gard. Chron., 1906, ii. pp. 44, 45, fig. 20. :
L#LIO-CATTLEYA PHa@:BE, GATTON pain VAR.—Garden, 1906, il. p. 17, :
with fig. a
ODONTIODA VUYLSTEKE&.—Gard. Chron., 1906, ii. p. 47, fig. 21, 22. — s
ODONTOGLOSsUM X QUEEN ALEXANDRA VAR. Chace —Gard. i
1906, il. p. 13, fig. 7; Fourn. Hort., 1906, ii. p. 51, with fig.
PAPHIOPEDILUM GLAUCOPHYLLUM. J. J. SM.—Bot. Mag., t. 8084.
SOBRALIA HoLrorp1.—Fourn. Hort., 1906, ii. p. 75, with fig.
ZYGOPETALUM Burti.—Journ. Hort. 1906, ii. p- 3, with fig.

ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS.

(Orchids are named and questions answered “ as far as 2 ei Correspondents ave —_— :
to give the native country or parentage of plants sent. An ADDRESSED postcard must be oy a
reply by post is desired (abroad, reply postcards shoo be used). TV isbjvets of special interest ~
dealt with in the body of the wo ies

€
ould appe any Sh — of destroying the pee ah ‘
compost te ti kill nie symbiotic fungi on oots, which are
and for this reason we cannot recommend its use for ‘this particular purpos

we te oe alba, np
Photographs received with thanks. A. D., Ch. & Co.

E. ming the facts to be as sikees the important point would be toe
the growth of these special eal in the houses, ai providing the necessary coniions
and thus assist the young sea over the early stages. It would also serve vi nee
why the pots in which vigorous young seedlings are growing form a see tye

X. Several ise eons are certainly sca any by brids, but the facts 9 kno ,
as well known as in the case of oe It is always important to ?
importations out oF which they

W. H. B. This and several ae matters are unavoidably postponed. a

J. F. and’others. The work is making steady progress, and we will report shortly:

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Vor XIV.) SEPTEMBER, 1906. [No. 165.

THE

ORCHID REVIE

Hn Fllustrated. Monthly Journal of Orchidology.

Contents.
PAGE PAGE
Answers to Correspondent 288 | Odontoglossum xX E tame Fig. 36) 265
Brassavola nodosa and the Calabath Tree 282 | Oncidium x Stanley ivi 8o
Calendar of Operations me rik papa .» 266 | Orchid growing: rae aie ting in J iva . 257
Seadrobidin Pierardii in ... 283 | Orchid Portrait 288
fn tee ta atrorubens ... ess ... 274 | Orchids at Bu we a SM =
Hybridisation Conference . <o ... 261 | Orchids at Gunnersbury House, Acton ... 284
proceene with mixed pollen oe ... 284 | Orchids at Kew ee... : 279
Hybridis “id ... 286 | Orchids in seas Be : 285
Seoracucievs a Cordelia a ns 267 une arc re og adigtiie uls atus Fi ip’. 37) wo aes
grassolelia X flados c a 32863) Soe ~ ee 4.
Shoe and the use of a Coven 283 | Roy ny Hortic ultural Mee 275
ae 287 1:V anda teres candida (Fi ig. 38) i 281

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THE ORG he view,

VoL. XIV.] SEPTEMBER, 1906. [No. 165.

ORCHID-GROWING AND COLLECTING IN JAVA.

By E. ConneELL, Alas Bezoekie, Loemadjang, Java.
IF the growing of Orchids in their native habitats is a much simpler process
than their cultivation in Europe, it is not unattended with drawbacks, if
pursued on an extended scale. Speaking more particularly of this “land of
eternal Summer,” Java, there is no close time for insects and other pests.
Ants, aphis, brown and white scale, caterpillars, snails, green fly, and a
species of bug which works sad havoc upon Phalenopsis of all kinds,
are at work from January to December, while a small black ant in
thousands is to be found on every species, making Vandas, Aérides, and
Saccolabiums, more particularly, a happy hunting ground. Planting, potting,
mossing and tying must be done personally, or under close supervision, if
any measure of success is to be obtained, for the Javanese gardener has no
appreciation of flowers, plants or Orchids for their own sake, looking upon
the latter as parasitic useless weeds.

On the other hand no expensive houses are required, and fogs are un-
known, unless you can so call a white mist which floats up from the valleys
occasionally. This is generally accompanied by a fine drizzling rain, and
is excellent when not an all day performance. Then a collection of native
sorts is easily acquired, if the cultivator is possessed of any enterprise. Of
course all parts of Java are not equally prolific, the low, dry and hot jungles
yielding fewer Orchids of all kinds than the higher, moister, cool slopes.

At this elevation, 2,700 to 3,500 feet above sea level, in the district of
Probolingo, East Java, situated, as I am, on an isolated coffee, tea and
cinchona estate, surrounded by forests and jungles, abandoned Government
coffee estates, in a cool moist climate, 57° to 80° F., shade temperature, it is
perhaps an ideal place for the keen collector and lover of plants, ferns and
local species of Orchids. There, almost at my door, are to be found many
varieties of Vanda suavis, Arundina speciosa, Bletia amboinensis,
Cymbidium aloifolium, and ferns, from the tiny filmy kinds up to
Angiopteris erecta, with fronds over ten feet long, tree ferns in all stages of
growth, up to magnificent specimens of between twenty and thirty feet, to
clumps of Dayallia tenuifolia, growing on western slopes, and waysides.

257

258 ‘THE ORCHID REVIEW. (SEPTEMBER, 1

The growing of Orchids in the open—and this account refers more par- |
ticularly to the species of my district—has necessitated my converting a
large part of the garden into a miniature forest, and the method I employ —
is to plant cuttings of quick-growing trees of the Erythrina species (these
cuttings are about six feet long, and are planted about two feet apart ine
the rows), mixed with Albizzia moluccana, A. stipulata, Brugmansias, and —
cuttings of forest trees which will form a quick, leafy, though not too dense, a
crown. Each row is about six feet apart, and occasionally belts or hedges
of double scarlet and double salmon coloured Hibiscus are run between,
- about six feet high, for low shade and wind breakers, the wind often
blowing almost a hurricane, for a day or two, at infrequent intervals.

Upon these trees, so soon as their growth gives sufficient shade, are tied,
with areca palm fibre (Arenga sacchifera)—known in England I believe as ‘i
‘Goematti fibre—Aérides virens, Saccolabiums, Phalaenopsis amabilis
(grandiflora), Ccelogyne speciosa—of which latter there appears to be many —
‘varieties—Cirrhopetalum biflorum, Vanda suavis, V. helvola, V. limbata,
several Cymbidium species, names unknown (one very uncommon variety —
has round cup-shaped green flowers, with chocolate spots, and the leaves —
grass-like and thin), Bulbophyllum Lobbii, three pretty Dendrobium
Species, unnamed heré, and the more botanical order of Dendrobes, such
as crumenatum and secundum, Erias of sorts, and odd Cleisostomas.

In pots or planted out in the ground are Phaius maculatus flavus, a very
Showy terrestrial, with sulphur yellow flowers, and a reddish brown frilled
lip, P. grandifolius, Cypripedium javanicum, Bletia amboinensis, Calanthe
veratrifolia, C. vestita rubro-oculata and luteo-oculata, Cymbidium
lancifolium, and Calanthe Cecilie, with large violet flowers. Cymbidium
Jancifolium is the only terrestrial Cymbidium I have seen here. Calanthe -
vestita rubro-oculata is not a true terrestrial, growing for the most parton
fallen tree trunks, in an advanced stage of rottenness. Also high up in am
enormous forest tree grows Spathoglottis plicata, with white and light and
dark purple varieties. Bletia amboinensis has. drooping white flowers, with
a rolled-up lip of pale yellow, and a faint blotch of purple underneath. .
This is a’ very robust plant, with fluted stems, but no pseudobulbs, and -
alternate, large, plicate leaves. Chrysoglossum nebulosum is a pretty Itt” E
plant, with dull green plicate leaves, spotted with dark violet, and ®
attractive for its foliage. Then there are several unnamed sorts, with
attractive flowers, and Macodes Petola var. argentea, Goodyera glauca and
Microstylis javanica, which they told me at Buitenzerg were new varieties.

T always submit specimens there for naming, and occasionally send (0
the Herbarium any new botanical specimen I find which would have
interest to a collector. Of this latter class there are many I do not trouble
to grow. Goodyera reticulata, G. colorata, Ancectochilus Reinwaf™”

SEPTEMBER, 1906. | THE ORCHID REVIEW. 259

Heteria sp., velvety green with three silver bars or veins, and two species
of Ancectochilus, whose names were not given to me, also form part of the
terrestrial department, but I regret to say that I cannot keep these little
jewels alive. They are all attacked one after the other by a small maggot,
which eats the hearts of the stems away, and nearly all are now dead. The
only other local terrestrial so far is Arundina speciosa, which has tissue-
paper-coloured flowers, with a blotch of bright yellow and purple on the
lip. This Orchid only has from one to two flowers open at a time, which last
about two days. I almost forgot Dendrobium macrophyllum, a plant of
which I obtained in the district, where it is very rare, though common
enough, I believe, in the west of the Island. The above form the best of
the local species. There are many others, but they would have no interest
to anyone but a botanist, and belong to the “ Botanical specimen ” order.

In addition to the plants growing on living wood, many are hanging up
in baskets, balls of moss and blocks of wood, under lemon and orange
trees, and other shade-giving shrubs in the garden. I make use of every-
thing, from Avocado pear trees to Crotons and Allamandas. Others find a
more or less happy home under a rough bamboo trellis roof, interlaced with
palm and cane leaves on rough stagings, and trunks of tree ferns cut into
various lengths.

It is somewhat difficult here to keep a mixed collection of Orchids in
healthy condition, without going to a good deal of expense. Mostly the
bungalows are roofed with corrugated iron, which during the heat of the day
gets very hot, and forms also too dense a shade for Orchids. My verandah
on the east side is thirty-six feet long and six feet wide, but I have
extended this at a lower level for four feet with planking, roofing it over with
areca fibre and bamboo trellis, which admits rain, light and sun, though
the latter is somewhat tempered, and does no harm. Facing this isa gravel
path, and beyond that again more tree cuttings, Brugmansias, and lemons,
which are now just at a height to be of use, and have all sorts of Orchids
hanging up on the branches.

Here, and on the verandah extension above mentioned, I keep my mixed
collection of species, which comprises several Cattleyas, Odontoglossums,
Lzlias, Oncidium concolor, O. flexuosum, O. Kramerianum, Lycaste Skin-
meri, L. aromatica, Bifrenaria Harrisone, Dendrobium aureum (Phillipines)
D. Phalznopsis, D. densiflorum, D. superbiens (Thursday Island), D. sup-
erbum (Borneo), Ccelogyne Dayana, C. pandurata, C. asperata, nes peltastes,
Vandas suavis, tricolor, helvola, limbata, spathulata, Hookeriana, teres,
Arachnanthe moschifera, Cypripedium javanicum, Mastersianum, glauco-
phyllum, ote amabilis (West Java), P. amabilis Rimestadiana
(East Java), P. sumatrana, P. violacea, Aérides virens, Saccolabium
Blumei—one or two white-flowered—Grammatophyllum speciosum, and

260 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [SEPTEMBER, 1906,

a few other Burmese, Indian, and Australian Dendrobes, with, of course, a
specimen of all the Java sorts, named and unnamed, of which’ there are
several very pretty plants. When I say unnamed, I mean that they are not
known here.

Mixed up with these Orchids are several kinds of palms, Cycads, Hoyas,
Sansevieras, Crinums, and dozens of beautiful ferns, in fact I might say there
are fifty to one hundred species to choose from. Asparagus, Stephanotis,
Allemandas, Aristolochia elegans, and ferns, form some of the creepers,
which are useful for shade as well as ornamental. As this shade becomes
too dense, it is an easy matter to thin it out, or prune the trees in the open.

The South American Orchids are for the most part now transferred to
pots and baskets, and a few are attached to trees, taking care of themselves.
Although imported last December, only one has bloomed, namely, Lelia
harpophylla, though many are vigorous, such as Odontoglossum grande,
Leelio-cattleya elegans, Cattleya Triane, C. Harrisoniana, C. Mossi, and
C. Bowringiana. A few that have hung fire are Lelia flava and Cattleya
amethystoglossa, whilst Cattleya Skinneri and gigas departed this life with-
out a struggle. When I get any more I mean to attach the whole lot to
' living trees, without any other material except perhaps a little moss—and
very little of that—but as pot or basket subjects they will not succeed im
the west monsoon, but must be under cover, as the drenching rains rot the
roots and bulbs in no time.

In addition to growing Javan Orchids on special trees—and I may say
from my own experience that this is far and away the best way out here, as
when once established the plants require little or no attention, sending
their roots up and down the stems and deriving apparently all the nourish-
ment they need from the bark, and doing well—many kinds do well in 4
ball of moss, such as Vandas, Aérides and Saccolabiums. For myself,
having got the plants home fresh from the forest, I shorten back all long.
stringy roots to a length of say six inches, and take some clean moss—the
sort that clings to trees and lives upon moisture is best—make a loose ball.
or pad with a little areca palm fibre, and bind these skortened roots loosely
on the outside with rough string made from the same fibre, dip in rain water,
if in fine weather, and hang up in a light, airy situation. No direct pit
light should reach the plants. They then quickly form new roots, attaching:
the old ones to the moss, and penetrating into the ball freely. The ol
roots must always be exposed, as covering them up rots the whole base of
the plant.

Phalznopsis are best grown on living wood also, or plain hard wood :
blocks or branches. Sometimes they will prove a success in baskets with @
little moss that will grow on dead wood, but this Orchid is not easy . :
manage. Often with strong healthy roots running up and down the stem>

SEPTEMBER, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 261

of trees, to which it is attached, for yards, it loses all its leaves and has a
bunch of roots and a flower spike varying from one to three feet in length,
which blooms away gaily, but the absence of leaves greatly detracts from
the appearance of the plant. This is also noticeable in the native habitat
of the plants on the teak tree, in the dry season, the broken, shrivelled
leaves giving the plants a sorry-looking, lifeless appearance, though they
have never been disturbed in their growth at any time. Many of mine,
though fully established, lose leaf after leaf, though the cause is not often
apparent. A very destructive pest bores holes in the base of the leaf, and
often rots them completely there, though the rest of the leaf is green and
perfectly healthy-looking. Another pest sucks the green colouring matter
out of the leaves, spoiling their appearance completely.

This Orchid—as also Aérides and Saccolabium—has a great affinity for
hard-wooded trees, especially the Teak tree, known locally as ‘ Djati.”
This tree has large coarse leaves which protect the Orchids from both sun
and rain. I have seen eight or nine different Orchids all growing upon this
one species, Phalenopsis, Cymbidium, Aérides, Saccolabiums, and Den-
drobes. Asa rule the Phalenopsis are on the lower part of the trunk, and
the Vandas and Aérides on the higher and more exposed branches. This
teak tree is grown in rows along the Government roads, mixed up with
Tamarind and other species, but all the Phalenopsis have been well
exploited, at any rate in this district. I had at one time about 2,500 of the
large-flowered variety, broad-leaved, narrow-leaved, and with flowers
varying from three to five inches across, though the latter size is unusual.

(To be concluded.)

THE HYBRIDISATION CONFERENCE,
(Concluded from page 228.)
A PAPER read on Tuesday afternoon, July 31st, on “ The Influence of the
Parents on the colour of the Hybrid,” by Mr. F. J. Chittenden, though not
dealing directly with Orchids, contained some conclusions that will be of
interest to Orchidists. The lecturer spoke of a widely spread belief that
the colour of the flowers of a hybrid are more influenced by the pollen
parent than the seed bearer, and said that upon this belief was founded
the advice to choose the flower with the most brilliant colouring as the
pollen parent. This influence, on the other hand, had been denied, and
many examples had been cited to prove the converse. In order to test
the matter he had taken the records of 183 hybrids (mostly first crosses),
of which the parentage appeared to admit of no doubt, and compared the
colour of the hybrids with those of their parents. These hybrids be-
longed to 67 genera. Out of the total of 183, 19 had parents whose flowers
were alike in colour, and of the remainder 42 showed a predominance of the

6s THE ORCHID REVIEW. [SEPTEMBER, 1906,

coloration of the pollen parent in their flowers, 46 showed a predominance
of the seed bearer, 73 were intermediate in colour, and three had
characteristics possessed by neither parent. It was therefore concluded
that no general rule of dominance, so far as the coloration of the hybrid is
concerned, can be formulated. |

The Conference on Wednesday, August Ist, was limited to the morning
sitting, and included no Orchid paper, but one on ‘‘ The bearing of
Hybridisation on the Origin of New Forms,” by Dr. E. Tschermak, of
Vienna, has a bearing on Orchidology. He remarked that up till a few
‘years ago it was the opinion of scientists that hybridisation was of no great
importance in the production of new forms with reference to a study of the
descent or pedigree, though practical breeders had long learnt to regard
scientific crossings as a means which in certain cases influenced the produc-
tion of apparently new forms. In any case no general laws seemed to exist
In order to secure the commercial benefits of lucky accidents, the cloak of
secrecy was by many breeders thrown over the origin of their new products.
Consequently even now many forms were wrongly described as hybrids or
bastards. On the other hand many novelties, the origin of which had not
been given, led back with certainty or probability to an intentional or
unintentional cross. Already hybridisation possesses a much greater
importance for the formation of new groups from the possibility of a produc-
tion of new Mendelian combinations of characteristics and component
characteristics. A striking feature in the significance of hybridisation
showed itself in the occasional unexpected evolution of wholly new forms by
crossing.

After other papers, the Conference adjourned until next day, to enable the
delegates to visit the residence of Sir Trevor Lawrence, at Burford, whence
they were conveyed by special train. After luncheon, which was provided
in a marquee on the lawn, the visitors wandered about the delightful garden,
the fine Orchid collection forming one of the special features of interest.

Nature, between plants and micro-organisms. He had attempted ©
estimate the extent of this connection, and the degree of dependen
Orchid and its fungus might have to each other. This experiment showee
him that the fungi of Orchids could live apart from the roots in whi
generally lodged, Ifa small fragment were cut from a contaminat

ch they a
ed root

SEPTEMBER, 1906. | THE ORCHID REVIEW. 263.

and sown in a sterilised tube, on a suitable nourishing medium, the spores.
developed freely. They could be transplanted from tube to tube without
losing their power to grow. He had pure cultures of spores living after
four years, without their having been replaced on the Orchids. He had
found three species of these Orchid fungi, but he had not yet named them.
Although the fungi could live away from their host-plants, the Orchids.
themselves required the presence of their guests for their own development.
He had sown the seeds of numerous Orchids aseptically, with every
precaution, but the grains had not germinated freely, and their growth was
insignificant. On the other hand, if spores of the appropiate fungus were
sown with the Orchid seeds, they commenced to germinate almost
immediately in a very regular manner. With the fungi which he possessed
he had obtained not only the germination of Cattleya and of Cypripedium,
but also the germination of species of Odontoglossum, Phalaenopsis and
Vanda, which were regarded by practical men as more difficult. In
Nature, or in the glasshouse, the same thing took place as in the culture
tubes. He had examined a large number of young Orchids which had
germinated in very varying conditions, and he had always noticed that they
were invaded by the fungus from the beginning of their life. The Orchids
were therefore practically dependent upon their parasitic fungi, since they
did not grow without them. One of the greatest difficulties was to procure
the fungus suitable for each kind of Orchid. As a rule he used the fungus
collected from the roots of an Orchid of the same species, or of one nearly
allied to that which bore the seeds. That was the best rule he could give,
but it might not be an absolutely sure one. Making all reserve necessary
in a subject so complex, he believed it was possible that the mere change
of the fungus might result in a variation of the species of Orchid in question.
The extension of the researches would possibly one day indicate to practical
experimenters new ways in the rational methods of culture of a large
number of plants, as Orchids were not by any means the only plants which
lived in association with fungi.

Various other papers followed, including one on “The application of
Mendel’s Laws to the Improvement of Cultivated Plants,” by Mr. R. H.
Biffen, of Cambridge, in which the lecturer expressed the opinion that by
the application of Mendel’s principles the desired results could be attained.
The subjects he had worked with were chiefly cereals.

The afternoon session was the final one of the Conference, and was
devoted to several papers of practical importance, not, however, including
any Orchid subject. But there were several references to Mendel’s
“Laws.” Mr. A. Worsley, of Isleworth, for example, pointed out the
absence of Dominance in the cases he had investigated among the
Amaryllidez, in reply to which the chairman pointed out that Dominance

264 THE ORCHID REVIEW. (SEPTEMBER, 1906,

was not essential to Mendelian results. Mr. James Douglas, Great
Bookham, remarked that the Carnation had been developed from the wild
stock, Dianthus caryophyllus, by careful selection, apparently without
hybridisation, though it might be hybridised by any species of Dianthus,
He added that he understood little of Mendel’s Laws, but he knew what he _
wanted, and generally got it. The question of Mutation was also
mentioned, and the Chairman exhibited a specimen of Dipsacus from Dr.
Masters’ garden. It was from seeds of the twisted variety, which was
found by Prof. de Vries to reproduce itself to the extent of 80 or Qo per cent,
but Dr. Masters had grown the plants from this same stock for years with-
out ever seeing a twist in the stem, except once, as the result of frequent
mutilation, but even this had not been reproduced in seedlings from it.

In the evening the delegates were entertained at a banquet held in the
Society’s Large Hall, under the presidency of Sir Trevor Lawrence. After
the loyal toasts, Veitch Memorial Medals were presented to Mr. William
Bateson, F.R.S., President of the Conference, to Prof. Johannsen, for his
discovery of the effect of ether in advancing the inflorescence of flowers, to
Prof. Wittmack, for many years’ devotion to systematic and practical botany,
and to M. Maurice de Vilmorin, a member of a firm which had done s0
much for horticulture. Gold Banksian Medals were also awarded to Miss
Saunders, lecturer on Botany at Newnham College, Cambridge, for her
studies on Inheritance in Plants, and to Mr. B. H. Biffen, of Cambridge, for
his researches and discoveries in connection with Heredity in Cereals.
Various toasts and speeches followed, during which the opinion , was
expressed that the Conference had been a great success, and Mr. Bateson
claimed that a knowledge of the Laws of Heredity would give man @
power over his future which no other science had yet endowed him with.
M. Philippe Vilmorin, on behalf of the Horticultural and Botanical Societies
of France, invited the R.H.S. to pay a visit to Paris, ard hold a Hybridis®
tion Conference there.

On Friday the delegates visited the Natural History Museum, South
Kensington, and then proceeded in carriages to Gunnersbury, to visit the
beautiful gardens of Mr. Leopold de Rothschild, where they were entertained
at luncheon, and spent some time in examining the numerous objects ©
interest, including a nice collection of Orchids. F inally they went on us
the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, where they visited the Orchid and several
other houses in the somewhat limited time remaining, and were invited t0
tea by the Director, Colonel Prain.

SEPTEMBER, 1906.| THE ORCHID REVIEW.

ODONTOGLOSSUM x EURYDICE.
MEssrs. CHARLESWORTH AND Co. have now sent us a photograph of their
striking hybrid Odontoglossum xX Eurydice, which received an Award of
Merit at the Hol at page 245, and we have

pleasure in reproducing it. The hybrid was derived from O. cirrhosum 2

_—

and Park Show, as recordec

~

Fig. 36. ODONTOGLOSSUM X EURYDICE.

: : . Oe a eee ge peewee
parent in the shape and markings of the flower, though with considerable
modification in detail. The ground colour of the flower may be described

266 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [SEPTEMBER, 1906.

as cream white, and the blotches as deep red-brown, with some yellow on
the crest of the lip. ©. hastilabium, as is well known, is a rather tall
robust plant, and, as both parents bear numerous flowers on the
inflorescence, the hybrid should develop into an imposing thing when the
plant becomes strong.

CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS FOR SEPTEMBER.

By J. M. Brack, Streatham.
ODONTOGLossuMS.—The big job this month will be the repotting of 0.
crispum, and other cool-house Odontoglossums, which have the new
growths well started, and which are evidently in want of a change. Plants.
that were repotted in the beginning of the year should not require dis-
turbing, nor yet should a great many of those which were last repotted in
the autumn of 1905. Any plants that were put into very small pots in the
spring, and seem to be in want of a larger pot, can be transferred without
much root disturbance, by potting the ball intact, but plants that are really
in want of repotting because the material has become exhausted should
have all the old compost shaken clean away from the roots. It is well
known that repotting shakes the constitution of a plant for a time, but itis
a good maxim to do the job thoroughly or leave it alone. In repotting
healthy plants there will always be found a lot of healthy roots, whether
the compost be exhausted or not, but one must not be led away by this and
induced to repot the ball into a bigger pot, excepting where the ball is a
very small one and in sweet, good condition.. Plants which I have repotted
from time to time without shaking the old material away, have rarely been
satisfactory, having at the next repotting no roots in the old ball at al, ;
being all outside it and round the sides of the pot in the fresh material. 2
This repotting of the ball in its entirety should be indulged in very
sparingly, and might be confined altogether to small plants; if large plan's :
are treated in this way, one gets out of all reasonable bounds with the si :
of the pot—although this is a minor matter compared to the danger of
having a large lump of stagnating material buried in its centre. 2

We keep on using the expressions ‘‘ worn out” and “ exhausted
when speaking of the material that has been in a pot for some time, but
these expressions, although comprehensive enough, are hardly correct ;
When a material decays it need not on that account be nutritively i
exhausted, for, as a matter of fact, decay is a first essential to assimilation
by the plant; but, although little plant food may have been gee
- extracted from the compost since it was first used, the plant becomes . :
of it eventually. It is the mechanical properties of the potting we 2
collapsing under decay which necessitates most potting of Orchids, whit :
is quite a different thing from food exhaustion.

SEPLEMBER, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 267

In potting, use fern rhizomes for drainage, well up the pot, and pot in
a mixture of good fibrous peat, broken into lumps, and brown sphagnum
moss, to which a good sprinkling of sand and leaves has been added. An
all-moss surfacing seems to be gaining favour, and it is in every way
satisfactory. i have started mixing a good quantity of sand with all the
moss we use for this purpose, and if the double-headed Welsh moss is used,
it makes a neat finish, and is quite pervious to air and water. It should be
worked in tightly. But I have still a leaning towards the alternate peat
and moss finish, which always answers well.

Those Odontoglossums which are not repotted should have the moss
clipped back, or re-surfaced where necessary, and have their pots scrubbed,
and the whole house cleaned and re-arranged for the winter. The
Odontoglossum house usually begins to iook a bit ragged by the end of
summer, but the cool autumn and the advancing growths will soon change
its aspect.

O. crispum is one of the cleanest plants that the Orchid grower has to
deal with, for, with the exception of slugs—which, by the way, should be
expected to re-appear soon with the cooler weather—it is rarely, if ever,
attacked by anything in the way of insect pests, except an occasional
thrip. Some of the other Odontoglossums, however, have not such a clean
sheet, O. maculatum, O. cordatum, anda few others being frequently
attacked by scale, and it will be as well to examine carefully all plants in
detail now that the house will be gone through systematically. Much less
watering will now be required by Odontoglossums, even although growing,
because there will be much less evaporated, owing to the shortening days,
and the September night air being heavily charged with moisture. This
does not mean that the plants should not be kept as wet as during the
summer, but that one watering will last longer. Plants that have been
newly potted should be syringed in between the pots, and also sparingly
overhead, but do not on any account shut the house up tight, with the
intention of re-establishing them quickly. Odontoglossums resent stagna~-
tion at all times, but at no time more than when they have just been re-
potted. Give air with caution and reason, but give it, both top and bottom.
A little warmth in the pipes may now be again required in this house, even
in the day time, particularly if we have a spell of cold, rainy weather,
This house should feel cool and buoyant, not cool and clammy. I think
there is a difference.

MAsDEVALLIAS.—The present month will be a suitable season to repot
those Masdevallias which were not repotted early in the year. The com-
post recommended for Odontoglossums will be suitable, and the foregoing
directions will be also applicable. With the exception of M. tovarensis,
which likes a little more warmth, Masdevallias are grown with, or under

268 THE ORCHID REVIEW. (SEPTEMBER, 1906,

similar conditions to Odontoglossum crispum, but are much more liable to
be attacked by thrips, so that they must be kept well under observation, —
There is always in a house one end warmer than the other, and this should _
be the position selected in the Odontoglossum house for Masdevallias; it
need not be the lighter side.
There will be a few late-flowering species of Cattleya and Lelia which
may require potting this month, and others will be flowering or coming into —
flower, but how to treat them has been dealt with at considerable length
in previous Calendars. In collections which have many representatives of —
the different genera in cultivation—and I am afraid that we can make little
pretentions in this respect at Chessington—there will be a good many —
different things which will require repotting before the winter sets in. )
SEASONABLE REMARKS.—Before the end of the month shading will be —
little more required, and it should be dispensed with on all the houses as —
Soon as ever it is possible, with safety. September and October are two
months in which an inexperienced man is apt to make many mistakes.
Lengthy details might be summarised into the word—moderation
Moderation in damping, watering, airing, shading, firing. All these things —
are necessary, but in moderation. Let things go on steadily, and be 7
Satisfied with the progress made. Many bulbs which have a finished look —
are yet green and succulent, and will fill out astonishingly, but do not try
to hurry them. Do not try to economise fuel by keeping the ventilators
unduly close, but let all the houses have air while there is still light, and
the plants will go through the winter well. Too much damping is fatal, —
and do not be seduced into syringing heavily overhead at three o'clock —
because the sun is strong. You may find the water on the foliage next
morning. The syringe is now becoming a dangerous instrument. Shutting
up the houses in the afternoon should now be discontinued.
TEMPERATURES.— The day temperatures will still be largely a question
controlled by outside conditions, and the night temperatures should read
something like the following :—
East Inpian House, 70°. CaTTLEYA House, 65°. |
INTERMEDIATE House, 60°. ODONTOGLOssUM HOUSE, 55° ES
These temperatures should be maintained, with a fair amount of ait ? :
_ the houses, having, during favourable weather—with the exception of: 4
East Indian House—both the top and bottom ventilators a little bit op
During sunless weather the temperatures should rise at least 5° - .
in the daytime, and on warm nights the above temperatures may be exce
a little.
OVERCROWDING IN THE OrcHID Houses.—An evil which it would ‘ 3
difficult to overestimate is overcrowding plants in the Orchid houses ei :
Orchids will stand anything, but the majority resent overcrowalNe:

2
i
7

SEPTEMBER, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 269

Imported Odontoglossums do better, I believe, to have the pots standing
close together, thus holding the moisture better than when standing wide
apart, but as they become leaved they like plenty of room. Overcrowding
Cattleyas is most unnatural treatment, for these plants like the air to have
unrestricted play all round them. ‘To have the plants huddled together is
a most undesirable state of affairs from every point of view, and it is most
difficult for the Orchid grower to give each plant that individual care which
is necessary to do it full justice when it is smothered in the foliage of the
other plants. This difficulty is most acute when the active season is over,.
and when careful watering is more than ever needed. And the houses do:
not have a trim, well-cared-for appearance with plants standing pot-thick..
There are two obvious remedies.

GROWING ORCHIDS UNDER OR ADJACENT TO TREES.—There is to my
mind no greater abomination than having trees overhanging or near the
Orchid houses. No one who has not had the experience can appreciate the
disabilities under which the Orchid grower labours when so situated. The
evils are many, pernicious, and durable, and sometimes unexpected. One
summer a brood of small caterpillars found their way into a tiny batch of
Odontoglossum seedlings and fell to with that appetite which only cater-
pillars have. These were the first few Odontoglossums we had ever raised,
and it was to be expected that they should be sought out in preference to:
anything else. Insects have an unerring instinct for finding out what is.
most prized. A tall tree standing a short distance away from a house will
keep the sun off it for hours, and two or three conveniently placed will
suffice to shade it all day. There is a constant fall of debris from trees,.
and we all know the filthy, blighty condition of most trees after a few weeks.
of dry weather in the summer. If hanging over the houses the first shower”

-of rain washes this into the rain water tanks, and the resultant decom-
position turns the water malodorous, and makes it seethe with insect life..
Tanks that are cleaned out and scrubbed every autumn smell bad again
before the year is round. I am not prepared to say that this water is injurious.
to the plants, for, after having been obliged to use it for some time, no evil
effects appear to have taken place, but it is risky, and, to say the least,
unpleasant. The present is a good time to have tanks emptied and
Scrubbed, for we can rely on having them refilled soon, and what may be
required in the meantime can be carried from another house. Gratings.
placed over the pipes which convey the water into the tanks will keep out
the leaves, but not the small particles.

In conclusion, my advice to anyone contemplating building an Orchid
house is to avoid trees like poison, and also all shade from high buildings,
&c. There is nothing like houses standing clear and free to give satisfac--
tion, and save rueful heart-burnings to come.

270 THE ORCHID REVIEW. ___ (Seprempzr, 19

ORCHIDS AT BURFORD.

A VISIT to Burford at any season would repay a lover of Orchids, for these
beautiful plants have a way of producing a succession of flowers throughout
the year, wherever a representative collection is grown—not eyen the
month of August forming an exception—and when the delegates to the
recent Hybridisation Conference paid Sir Trevor Lawrence a visit, at his
kind invitation, on the afternoon of August Ist they found a large number s
of interesting things in bloom, and many were the visitors who madea _
: Jeisurely tour round the numerous houses.. There was no attempt to make —
a “ show,”—-but we believe there is no Show House at Burford—the plants :
had to be visited, each in its own appropriate situation, where we .
always think they are the most attractive, and in any case the Orchidist
likes to see where they are “ grown.” In almost every corner there was —
something to attract attention, and a few notes on the principal things seen P
in flower will doubtless be interesting: Our notes follow no particular i,
order; the plants are mentioned just as we found them. We just wan
' dered at large, and may have begun at the end or in the middle for all we —
know, and though not our first visit it had the charm of novelty in this .
Tespect. And we should like to take this opportunity of thanking Sit —
Trevor on behalf of the Orchidists of the party—which was nearly every-
body for the time being—for a thoroughly enjoyable afternoon. 4
The first house we entered contained the two fine hybrid Vandas known ~
as Miss Joaquim and Marguerite Maron, the former with a spike of nine —
flowers, and the latter with as many as fifteen—the spike having two side
branches—and we paused for a short study in Mendelian “ Dominance," i
and remarked that it would be interesting if Mr. White could show
what the “ F, 1” generation would be like. Passing Dendrobium rhodo- ie
stoma and what we took to be D. Williamsoni, in flower, we entered I
another house, to find a beautiful example of the rare and striking Bulbo-
phyllum Ericssoni bearing an umbel of eight blooms, radiating like the :
spokes of a wheel, with the eight dorsal sepals piled up in a pyramid in the
centre—a truly remarkable plant, which, by the way, is depicted in the ;
Current issue of the Botanical M agazine (t. 8088). Here the Cattleya grouP
was well represented, with good examples of C. Harrisoniana, C. X ™ Ge “I
Selfridge (superba X Aclandiz), C. x Atalanta, one having a spike of seven :
fine flowers, C. x Iris, C. X Claudian, and Lelio-cattleya purpurato- 4
Schilleriana, with a nice batch of Cypripedium niyeum and C. concolor. ie
Passing on to another house we found numerous interesting things ™ _
flower, those noted including the brilliant Renanthera Imschootiana, ie
rare Grobya Amherstiz, Dendrobium nutans, Cochlioda rosea, 4
Scandens, Aspasia lunata, Trichopilia laxa, Maxillaria Hubschii and,

SEPTEMBER, 1906. | THE ORCHID REVIEW. 274

fucata, Theodorea gomezoides, Oncidium virgulatum, and the curious
Pleurothallis strupifolia. Adjacent houses contained plants of the hand-
some Barkeria spectabilis, Cypripedium Dayanum, Phalznopsis violacea,
the tiny Maxillaria nana, Polystachya odorata, fine examples of Den-
drobium Jerdonianum and D. atroviolaceum, the very rare and striking
Bulbophyllum longisepalum, and another species with a long spike and
feathery lip; while in succeeding houses we noted the graceful Ccelogyne
Dayana, the bright rose-purple Dendrobium glomeratum, Epiphronitis
Veitchii, some beautiful examples of Platyclinis filiformis, Lzelia longipes»
Gongora galeata, Epidendrums ochraceum, pterocarpum, fragrans, and
umbellatum, Oncidium Boothianum, Vanda Denisoniana, &c.

In the Odontoglossum house we found a _ beautiful example of
Dendrobium Victoria-Regina hanging from the roof, and flowering freely,
and as we know that the plant has been here for a long time it is clear
that this is the proper situation for it. Its peculiar violet-blue flowers are
unique, so far as the cultivated species are concerned. The Odonto-
glossums were looking well, and there were examples of O. crispum, O.
Wallisii, and O. Sanderianum in flower, with some good Epidendrum
vitellinum, Disa xX kewensis, Oncidium curtum, O. Forbesii, and various
others.

A house containing numerous Catasetums was interesting, and we
noted the handsome C. Bungerothii in bloom, while near by was a beautiful
example of Arachnanthe Lowii, but we believe that the united efforts of the
whole Conference was unequal to the task of explaining the significance of
Its two kind of flowers. It is not a sexual difference, as in Catasetum, nor
are the basal flowers abortive, as in Grammatophyllum. Both kinds seem
equally perfect, so far as structure is concerned, though so different in
shape and colour. And it is as beautiful as it is remarkable. Another
remarkable Orchid was suspended close by, namely Bulbophyllum
barbigerum, and it, too, attracted much attention, for the feathery lips
were continually swaying up and down in a gentle breeze from the
ventilators. Other things were in flower, but we must pass on.

We had no intention of missing the Masdevallias, which are always
interesting, but first we noted examples of the handsome Oncidium
macranthum and the curious O. dasytyle, whose thick crest is com-
memorated in its name; also Odontoglossums tripudians, Hunnewellianum,
Lindleyanum, Harryanum, maculatum, Pescatorei, X excellens and X
aspersum. Various brilliantly-coloured Masdevallias were in bloom, in-
cluding a yellow-form of M. Harryana, also the true M. melanoxantha, the
Tare M. velifera, M. hieroglyphica, M. calura, and others, with the hybrids
M. x Hincksiana, X Rushtoni, X Acis, X Stella, x Ajax, X Bocking
Hybrid, x Hebe, and others. There were also Promenza xanthina and

ot

272 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [SEPTEMBER, 1906

P. stapelioides, Pleurothallis Smithiana, P. stenosepala, Physosiphon
Loddigesii, and various other interesting things.

Time failed us to note everything in flower—whether we missed any
house altogether we are uncertain, but we know that some members did so

—and we will conclude with a note on the unflowered hybrid seedlings, —

which have been left for a paragraph all to themselves.

Hybridisation has been carried on at Burford for a long time, and with
considerable success, and in two of the houses we found large numbers of
seedlings in almost every stage, some still on the seed pot, but the majority
established in their own receptacles, of which a large number were in
lilliputian thimble pots, which always amuse those who have not much
experience of Orchid raising, while their occupants are viewed with the
greatest curiosity and interest. And they were thriving wonderfully, just
as baby Orchids should do, and generally do, where their wants are properly
attended to. An experienced member of the party quickly produced a lens
and pointed out numbers of tiny green globes, which were potential
Orchids, though at present they: looked more like examples of the rootless
duckweed, Wulfia arrhiza, which had somehow got stranded. We did not
find any of M. Bernard’s symbiotic fungi, but doubtless they were there in
countless thousands, though not imprisoned in the famous tubes. But
where was the curious “ F.1” generation ? Is it not yet found among
Orchids ? One sharp-eyed individual discovered a small seed-pan, bearing @
label with the brief inscription, “ Rolfe,” and containing a number of young
plants with two or three leaves each. What did this portend? It was
explained these were seedlings from Epidendrum x kewense (evectum X
xanthinum), self-fertilised, with the view of testing the re-appearance OF
otherwise of the original specific characters in the first generation, OF
‘‘F.1” of Mendelian nomenclature. The result has already been predicted-
Let us wait and see how it works out. At all events we have made a start
among Orchids, which would seem to be peculiarly well-fitted for expeti-
ments of this kind, because of the ease with which the pollen can be
manipulated, and the comparative absence of risk of the results being
vitiated by stray pollen from an unknown source. The chief drawback 's
the amount of time required for the seedlings to reach the flowering stage
But Orchidists who are interested in testing the Mendelian theory bs
heredity should try to self-fertilise a few primary hybrids of known origin,
and note the result.

But we are digressing, and must return to Burford, just to say ae
much we enjoyed the ramble among Sir Trevor’s pets, whose diverse -
multitudinous wants must keep Mr. White and his assistants pretty busy .
times, for the collection is large, very rich, and in excellent conditio®
generally.

SEPTEMBER, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 2

SARCOCHILUS UNGUICULATUS.

THE annexed figure represents a plant of the curious Sarcochilus
unguiculatus, and is reproduced from a photograph sent by Mr. M. J. Pope,
Naugatuck, Conn., U.S.A. It was obtained under the name of Sarcochilus
calceolus, but Mr. Pope writes :—‘I think it must be S. unguiculatus, as
the description given in Orchid Review, vol. ii. p- 231, seems to suit it

Fig. 37. SARCOCHILUS UNGUICULATUS.

admirably, except that the eight plants here open Seance in the ips rae
Soon after daybreak—and close between 9 and 10 coe. = ae

days they sometimes stay open until 12 or 1 o’clock. Five flowers is 2
most I have had on one spike; there are usually but three or four. It is

rather strange that all the flowers open at the same time, and all the plants

274 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [SEPTEMERR, 1
manage to be in bloom on the same day, though it takes from two to th ee
weeks until a new crop of flowers is matured. The whole house isf
with their sweet perfume when these plants are in bloom, there being some-
times as many as fifty or more flowers open together.” It is unfortunate
that its beauty is so fleeting, for the photograph shows it to be a charming
little plant, when the flowers are expanded. It reminds one of a small

species of Phalzenopsis, and in fact it was once described as a Phalaenopsis
with a new type of labellum, under the name of Phalenopsis fugax.
The history of the species has already been given, as above cited,
and it may be added that it has been lately re-introduced among

importations from the Philippines, where only it is found, so far as
our knowledge extends. The peduncles keep on lengthening and producing —
a new crop of flowers at intervals, and perhaps Mr. Pope will some
day tell us how long it is before they are ultimately exhausted, and what
length they attain. A considerable number of species have this same
fleeting character. .
a.

EPIDENDRUM ATRORUBENS.

THis very attractive Mexican species was described in 1896, from materials :
supplied by Messrs. Linden, Brussels, in October, 1892 (Rolfe in Kew Bull. :
1896, p. 46; Orch. Rev. iv. p. 102), and has since flowered in two oF three
other collections. It is interesting to record that its history can now be
carried back twenty years further, for in November, 1876, the same plant :
flowered in the collection of John Day, Esq., of Tottenham, when it wa :
thought to be E. diotum, Lindl., an allied but quite distinct species. Mt
Day’s painting (Orch. Draw. xx. t. 35) exactly agrees with the hate
examples, but the native country then appears to have been unknown
Mr. Day remarks :—‘‘ Bought in flower at Stevens’, November 4th. 1876,
at a sale of Backhouse’s plants. Bulbs round, 2 x 2 in., slightly tapering
apex, clothed with whitey brown scales, dark purple in age. — : a
by

.
a

pa,

0.4

coriaceous, single, 8 inches long. Scape 4 feet, with two or three:
distant branches.” There is another species of this affinity, described
Reichenbach, in 1877 (Linnea, xli. p. 80). It came from Mr. Day, but 23
not recorded among the latter’s drawings. It is said to be allied .
plicatum, Lindl., and to have dark olive brown sepals and petals, “7
yellow lip veined with dark purple. This does not, by any stretch .
imagination, describe Mr. Day’s drawing above mentioned, nor yet
plants which have since appeared, these having dark reddish purple
and petals, and a rather lighter purple lip, so that what E. insidie
Rehb. f,, really is must remain doubtful for the present. An

SEPTEMBER, 1906. | THE ORCHID REVIEW. 275

SOCIETIES.
ROYAL HORTICULTURAL.
A MEETING of this Society was held at the Royal Horticultural Hall,
Vincent Square, Westminster, on August 14th, when there was a fine
display of Orchids for the season, and the awards consisted of five Medals,
two Cultural Commendations, one Award of Merit; and one Botanical
Certificate.

R. I. Measures, Esq., Cambridge Lodge, Camberwell (gr. Mr. Smith),
sent a very interesting little group, to which a Silver Banksian Medal was
awarded. It contained some good forms of Cattleya Warscewiczii,
Coelogyne Massangeana, Leelio-cattleya Remula, the rare Brassia Keiliana,
Cypripedium XX Wottoni and various other hybrids, Scaphosepalum
pulvinare, Pleurothallis scapha, Masdevallia Carderi, Saccolabium
ampullaceum, and various other species.

E. Roberts, Esq., Park Lodge, Eltham (gr. Mr. Carr), received an
Award of Merit for Cypripedium xX Harri-Leeanum Park Lodge var.
(Harrisianum superbum xX Leeanum), a handsome form, having a large
rose-coloured dorsal sepal, with a white margin and numerous dark purple
feathered lines, while the petals and lip were broad and heavily suffused
with reddish purple.

Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., Burford, Dorking (gr. Mr. White), sent a
very pretty group of rarities, including two well-bloomed specimens of
Odontoglossum aspidorhinum, Dendrobium glomeratum, the rare Oncidium
panduratum, Catasetum fimbriatum and its variety platypterum, Cycnoches
maculatum, and C. Egertonianum viride, the latter receiving a Botanical
Certificate. A Cultural Commendation was given to a fine specimen of
Platyclinis filiformis, bearing about one hundred of its graceful spikes of
greenish yellow flowers.

Major G. L. Holford, C.I.E., C.V.O., Westonbirt, Tetbury (gr. Mr.
Alexander), received a Cultural Commendation for a noble example of
Odontoglossum xX crispo-Harryanum. The two inflorescences from a
single bulb were 5} feet long, one bearing 24 flowers, the other with eleven
branches and 49 flowers, a remarkable example of good culture.

Jeremiah Colman, Esq., Gatton Park, Reigate (gr. Mr. Bound), sent
fine forms of Lelio-cattleya Nysa, L.-c. bletchleyensis, L.-c. Phryne,
L.-c. Atalanta and L.-c. elegans Schroederiana.

J. Gurney Fowler, Esq., Glebelands, S. Woodford (gr. Mr. Davis), sent
two good: forms of Lzlio-cattleya elegans, the handsome Cattleya 4
Wavriniana Fowler’s var., bearing a strong spike of six flowers, Cypripe-
dium x Penelope (Morganie X superbiens), and the richly coloured C. X

bingleyense var Aineas.

bn6 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [Sepremper, 1906,

F. Ducane Godman, Esq., Horsham (gr. Mr. Moody), sent a specimen a
of the pretty South African Satyrium carneum. ;

M. Jules Hye de Crom, Ghent, sent a small plant of Miltonia x
Hyeana (M. X Bleuana X M. vexillaria Leopoldi), a pretty white flower “
with a trace of rose in the centre, and a yellow marking at the base of the
lip. ;
C. J. Lucas, Esq., Warnham Court, Horsham (grower Mr. Duncan),
sent Lelio-cattleya Lucasi (Lelia X Iona xX C. Warscewiczii), a pretty
dwarf form, L.-c. Geoffrey (L. longipes Lucasiana x C. Warscewiczii),
much resembling a small L. Jongheana, with pale lilac sepals and petals,

and the lip whitish, with the margin and apex purple and the throat yellow. _

He also sent several hybrid Cypripediums.

Messrs. Charlesworth and Co., Heaton, Bradford, staged a very fine
group, to which a Silver Flora Medal was awarded. It contained several
very beautiful forms of Odontoglossum x Rolfez, of which Messrs. Charles-
worth have raised a fine series, spotted forms of O. crispum, a fine example
of Miltonia Schrcederiana, Oncidium macranthum nanum, which is said
never to produce a trailing spike, some good Leelio-cattleya callistoglossa,
L.-c. Berthe Fournier, L.-c. Issy, several good Ancistrochilus Thomsonianus
var. Gentilii, Cattleya x calumrnata nobilior, C. Gaskelliana alba, C. X
Lord Rothschild, and various good hybrid Cypripedes.

Messrs. Sander and Sons, St. Albans, also received a Silver Flora
Medal for a brilliant group, containing a remarkable series of Lélio-
cattleya bletchleyensis, showing great variation in colour, some good
Cattleya Warscewiczii, C. x Lord Rothschild, Odontoglossum ramosis-
simum, QO. bictoniense album, Dendrobium Phalznopsis, Brassocatlelia
-Mackayi, Nanodes Meduse, Theodora gomezoides, and other interesting
things.

Messrs. Hugh Low and Co., Enfield, received a Silver Banksian Medal
for a bright and pretty group, containing some good Cattleya Gaskellian,
C. Grossii, C. granulosa, the bright yellow Mormodes pardinum val.
unicolor, Catasetum macrocarpum, Dendrobium Dearei, the brilliant ©
Epidendrum pristes, Oncidium carthaginense, &c. :

Messrs. Stanley and Co., Southgate, also received a Silver Banksiaa
Medal for a good group, containing several examples of Oncidium varicosumy
Lelia crispa, and Cypripedium x A. de Lairesse, with Cattleya Harriso™
iana,, Odontoglossum Hunnewellianum, O. crispum, O. Harryanum
Dendrobium Phalznopsis, Lelio-cattleya elegans, and various others.

Diploma Awarpbs. Fae

The subjects of the special competition on this date were a |
cattleya elegans and Cattleya Warscewiczii, with their hybrids, and the
following were the awards :-—

SEPTEMBER, 1606. ] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 277

L#LIO-CATTLEYA ELEGANS AND ITS HYBRIDS.—First Diploma to L.-c.
Berthe Fournier, from Messrs. Charlesworth and Co., 2nd Diploma to
L.-c. elegans Turneri, from J. Gurney Fowler, Esq.

CATTLEYA WARSCEWICZII AND ITS Hysrips:—First Diploma to L.-c. x
Nysa gloriosa; 2nd Diploma to L.-c. bletchleyensis, both from Jeremiah
Colman, Esq.

AT the meeting held on August 28th there was a very fine display of
Orchids for the holiday season, and the awards consisted of six medals,
one First-class Certificate, four Awards of Merit, and one Cultural
Commendation.

Jeremiah Colman, Esq., Gatton Park, Reigate (gr. Mr. Bound), staged
a fine group, which received a Silver Flora Medal. It contained numerous
good examples of Lelio-cattleya Nysa (L. crispa xX C. Warscewiczii),
raised at Gatton’ Park, L.-c. Phryne, L.-c. bletchleyensis, Brassolelia
fladosa (B. nodosa grandiflora Xx L. flava), a pretty little hybrid which is
described on page 286, the handsome Cattleya x Mrs. J. W. Whiteley
Gatton Park var., C. Harrisoniana, C. xX Parthenia, C. x Brownie, C.
Warscewiczii, the rare rose-coloured Cecelia macrostachya, Sobralia
xantholeuca, Dendrobium aureum, D. X rhodostoma, Ccelogyne speciosa,
the rare Oncidium zebrinum, Spathoglottis x Colmanii fulvissima,
Cypripedium Charlesworthii and other good things.

R. I. Measures, Esq., Cambridge Lodge, Camberwell (gr. Mr. Smith),
received a Silver Banksian Medal for a very interesting little group, con-
taining a plant of the remarkable Listrostachys caudata, bearing a six-
flowered inflorescence, five good plants of the handsome Dossinia
marmorata, Rhynchostylis retusa, Miltonia vexillaria rubella, Lzlio-
cattleya elegans and its variety Turneri, L.-c. Proserpine, Disa grandiflora,
Cypripedium x Helen (Dayanum xX _ Charlesworthii), C. x Unixia
superba, Cattleya Loddigesii, C. Warscewiczii, and Masdevallia Chimera.

Major G. L. Holford, C.I.E., C.V.O., Westonbirt (gr. Mr. Alexander),
sent a well-flowered plant of the brilliant little Sophrocattleya Chamber-
lainii var. triumphans, Lelio-cattleya Berthe Fournier var. Mrs. Benson,
a richly coloured form, and Cattleya X Iris var. Countess of Morley, the
latter, a very handsome form, gaining a First-class Certificate. This had
dark apricot sepals and petals, and the lip yellowish tinged with rose-pink.

H. Little, Esq., Baronshalt, E. Twickenham (gr. Mr. Howard),
received an Award of Merit for Sobralia Lowii, having bright rose-purple
flowers, with a slight trace of yellow in the throat.

P. L. Hudson, Esq., Pampisford, Cambridgeshire, sent a fine plant of
Cypripedium Charlesworthii, with fifteen flowers, to which a Cultural
Commendation was given.

278 THE ORCHID REVIEW. (SEPTEMBER, 19

Col. H. Carey Batten, Abbot’s Leigh, Bristol, sent the interesting green
and white Lycaste leucantha. | )

f£. Roberts, Esq., Park Lodge, Eltham (gr. Mr. Carr), sho
Cypripedium X Olga Bradshaw (callosum X cenanthum superbum), a fine —
thing, most like the latter in colour but much larger. :

The Hon. Walter Rothschild, M.P., Tring Park (gt. Mr. Dye), sent the
handsome Cattleya x Hardyana Tring Park var. and Brassocattleya X _
Madame Chas. Maron. .

R. G. Thwaites, Esq., Streatham (gr. Mr. Black), showed a beautiful :
example of Odontoglossum crispum xanthotes Charlesworthii.

Francis Wellesley, Esq., Westfield, Woking (gr. Mr. Hopkins), sent
Cattleya X vestalis Westfield var. (maxima x Dowiana aurea), a beautiful —
light coloured form, and C. bicolor Westfield var., having yellowish green —
sepals and petals, and a rosy crimson lip with a white margin in front. ;

Messrs. Charlesworth and Co., Heaton, Bradford, staged a very fine —
group, to which a silver-gilt Flora Medal was awarded. It contained about a
a dozen beautiful examples of Cattleya x Iris, varying greatly in colour, the —
handsome C. x Chamberlainiana, C. x Fabia, C. Gaskelliana alba, —
Brassocattleya gigas-Digbyana, B.-c. Queen Alexandra, Leelio-cattleya —
Haroldiana, L.-c. Mandarin, L.-c. Alcyone (L. flava x C. Schilleriana), a i
pretty bright yellow flower with some crimson markings on the lip, Miltonia- —
Hyeana(M. x Bleuana x M. vexillaria Leopoldi), Brassia Lawrencean4 3
_ longissima, Odontoglossum x Othello and others, Masdevallia X —
Pourbaixii, Oncidium trulliferum, O. ornithorrhynchum album, Aérides —
japonicum, Epidendrum radiatum, the remarkable Cycnoches Egerton —
ianum viride, and other interesting things. |

Messrs. Sander & Sons, St. Albans, received a Silver Flora Medal for
a rich group, in the centre of which was a beautiful series of fourteen —
racemes of Arachnanthe Lowii, these being tied to slender sticks, so a5 —
hang down very gracefully in their natural position, and each having on
two of the very different yellow flowers at the base, formed a very attractive
feature. Other interesting things were Cycnoches chlorochilon, Wars :
wiczella Wailesiana, Cypripedium x Hitchinsiz, Leelio-cattleya bletchley- ;
ensis magnifica, L.-c. Mrs. Robert Measures (L.-c. elegans X L. xanthina),
having yellow flowers, with the front lobe of the lip bright purple and the
Side lobes white, L.-c. Henry Greenwood The King, a very fine form, ¢ :
others. Awards of Merit were given to L.-c. elegans His Majesty, 2 VY
richly coloured form, bearing two large spikes of twelve and nine flower
and to Cypripedium x Baron Schréder var. ardens, having very bree
dark veining on the dorsal sepal. a

Messrs. Stanley & Co., Southgate, received a Silyer Banksian Medal so
a very interesting group, containing some good examples of Leelio-eattley_

SEPTEMBER, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 279
’

elegans, and Cattleya Loddigesii, with C. bicolor, Leelio-cattleya Adolphus,
Odontoglossum Harryanum, O. grande, O. Hunnewellianum, O. Pescatorei
Dendrobium Phalenopsis, D. formosum, Cypripedium x A. de Lairesse,
Oncidium curtum, and O., incurvum albnm. An Award of Merit was given
to Oncidium X Stanleyi, a very handsome supposed natural hybrid between
O. curtum and O. Marshallianum, which is described on page 186.

Messrs. Hugh Low & Co., Enfield, also received a Silver Banksian
Medal for another interesting and varied group, including some good
Dendrobium Phalznopsis, D. sanguinolentum, a fine Catasetum macro.
carpum with two very strong spikes, Stanhopea oculata, S. Wardii,
Cattleya Warscewiczii, C. Lueddemanniana, C. Gaskelliana alba, C.
Leopoldi, C. Grossii, the rare Oncidium microchilum, O. oblongatum, O.
carthaginense, O. Forbesii, Phalawnopsis violacea Low’s var., Gongora
nigrita, Lycaste leucantha, the rare Warscewiczella velata, Cypripedium
x Transvaal, &c.

ORCHIDS AT KEW.

A CONSIDERABLE number of interesting Orchids are now flowering in the
Kew collection, and one, especially, which always attracts a good deal of
attention when in flower, is the Dove Orchid, Peristeria elata, which is now
at its best, having four large spikes with ten to twelve flowers each,
Several Catasetums are in bloom, including C. macrocarpum, C. Russelli-
anum, and C. xX splendens, the latter being a supposed natural hybrid
between C. macrocarpum X C. Bungerothii. Several others are showing
well for flower, but the spikes are not yet fully developed.

A good plant of Spathoglottis plicata var. Micholitzii, with seven spikes
of flower, is rather conspicuous, the scapes being dwarf and the flowers
of a very rich purple. Close by is Cynorchis purpurascens, a native of the
Mascarene Islands, and by no means common in cultivation. It has quite
a distinct appearance, its huge leaves measuring nearly two feet in length,
and from seven to eight inches broad, and the flowers, which are rosy
pink, with a white blotch on the lip, are produced in large heads on
rather short scapes. Several plants of Polystachya leonensis are in bloom,
and the scapes are not unlike Lily-of-the-valley in shape, though greenish
in colour. Eria fragrans is well named, on account of its sweet scent, while
contrasting strongly, both in habit and flowers, are Eria vestita and
E. velutina, which have a trailing habit, and their stems and leaves are
covered with rich brown hairs.

Two little species of Epidendrum, E. cochleatum and E. Rucker, are
among the rarities in the botanical corner, together with Sophrocattleya
€ximia, Bulbophyllum densiflorum, B. apodum, and B. papillosum, while
Suspended above in small baskets are Trias disciflora, T. grandiflora, and

280 THE ORCHID REVIEW. (SEPTEMBER, 1906,

the tiny Oncidium cornigerum. Stanhopea eburnea, S. oculata, and
S. Wardii are thrusting their flower spikes through the sides and bottoms
of the baskets, and it may be added that this genus has made a good
display for some time. The Brazilian Miltonias are also making a good
display. with their bright and attractive flowers, the most conspicuous .
among them being a well-flowered plant of M. x Cogniauxiz var. bicolor. —
Others include M. candida, M. Clowesii, M. xX castanea, &c., intermixed —
with several Lelio-cattleyas, as for instance L.-c. elegans, which is repre
sented by several large pans with numerous spikes in full flower, Lc.
Schilleriana, L.-c. Mandarin, L.-c. Amelia, and L.-c. massilenaaa
Cattleya is also well represented by C. Leopoldi, C. bicolor, C. Grossi, C. :
granulosa, C. X sororia, C. velutina, and the pure white C. Gaskelliana

alba. One or two Oncidiums are conspicuous by their bright yellow

flowers, as O. varicosum var. Rogersii and O. Geertianum, while the pretty

little O. dasytyle is much paler with a big blackish crest. Near by is the
brilliant orange-coloured Epidendrum vitellinum, forming a strong contrast.

Foremost among the Vandas is a good plant of Vanda Sanderiana, :
bearing two spikes of seven and eight flowers each. A basket of V. Kim-
balliana is making a good show of flower, while suspended from the roof is
a plant of the remarkable Listrostachys caudata, bearing a long raceme of :
nine flowers. Close by is a small plant of the rose-coloured Ancistrochilus <
Thomsonianus var. Gentilii.

Not many Paphiopedilums are in flower, though the one which caused
such excitement last year, namely P. Fairrieanum, is represented by three
good plants, all of which are in bud, and one flower has already expanded.
Several plants of P. Charlesworthii are in bloom, and there is a well-
flowered plant of P. x Maynardii. a

Flowering very freely in the Cool house is a batch of Stenoglottis long J
folia and the pure white S. longifolia alba, with the allied S. fimbriata. They 2 |
are natives of South Africa and Natal, and are of easy culture, and when |
flower are very attractive. A few flowers are still to be seen among the |
Odontoglossums, such as O. crispum, O. Pescatorei, O. Lindleyanum, and 2
O. grande. An old familiar plant, though now past its best, is worthy
of mention, namely Calanthe x Dominii, the first hybrid Orchid which |
flowered. It produces its light purple flowers very freely every yea
Numerous species of botanical interest might have been added, and sever
other of the familiar showy kinds, as the species in flower in this”
collection are always numerous. el

A plant of the remarkable Arachnanthe Lowii is producing a fine oe |
in the adjacent Victoria House, but the absence of shading here evidently

renders the position unsuitable for the health of the plant, the leaves be
become yellow. : :

peer anny or eeo nn a

‘Sy

pirates cnet Sivas

aE ee S.

i seat

ee

SEPTEMBER, 1906. | THE ORCHID REVIEW. 281

VANDA TERES CANDIDA.

VANDA TERES Is one of our most beautiful Orchids when successfully grown
in a nice sunny position, and the splendid group shown at the Temple
Show three years ago from the collection of Leopold de Rothschild, Esq.
will not soon be forgotten. But it is remarkable how rare the white variety
candida is, though it was described as long ago as 1875 (Rchb. f. in Gard.
Chron. 1875, ii., p. 225), when
it appeared in the collection of
Lord Crewe. Reichenbach de-
scribed it as having flowers
with the “colours of Den-
drobium = infundibulum—white
with some yellow on the lip.”
We are inclined to think that
it must have been lost sight
of in this country, for the one
figured in the Orchid Album
(ix. t. 409) under this name
has a rosy stain on the front
lobe of the lip, and thus is
more like the variety aurorea
(Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1881,
i. p. 688), which was described
as a lovely variety, with snow
white tlowers, and a light rosy
hue on the interior part of the
lip, and some light-yellow in
the throat. The one here
figured flowered in the Royal
Botanic Garden, Calcutta, in
April, 1899, and Mr. Griessen
describes the flowers as pure
white, as white as any Orchid Fig. 38. VANDA TERES CANDIDA.
may be expected to be, with ;
only the disc yellow, and he remarks that he only knows of snothier
Specimen, which flowered in the Agri-Horticultural Gardens at Allipore.
It is evidently as rare as it is beautiful.

Vanda teres is one of the few Orchids which seems able to stand the
brightest sunlight without injury, and should be grown in a couier of
the Warm house where it can get plenty of direct sunlight, without any

attempt at shading.

282 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [SePrempzr, 199

BRASSAVOLA NODOSA AND THE CALABASH TREE, ©

SOME time ago I sent to the Orchid Review, pressed flowers, accompanie
by a rough sketch, of a pretty little Brassavola, usually found growing here
on oaks in open grassy country; never in our tall timber forests. These
little plants are often found in great masses, exposed to strong winds and
considerable sunshine. It was determined as a small form of B. nodosa.
I suspected that it was close to B. nodosa, though the plant is not often
more than two or three inches in height. The flowers are borne singly or
in twos, and occasionally threes, on slender two inch scapes, quite large for _
sosmalla plant. The sepals and petals are linear, two inches in length —
pale greenish white; and the labellum quite large, pure white, exhaling a —
delightful fragrance at night.
Recently a friend sent.me a dozen plants of a Brassavola from the
Pacific coast side of Chiapas, which much resembles our species, and I am
inclined to believe, must be the typical form of B. nodosa, as the pseudo-
bulbs are more than double the length of the local form. Several have :
already flowered, and there is little difference to be detected. The flowers %
are, however, slightly larger. One curious fact I have noted, viz: a very —
remarkable difference in odour; the local one having a delicate jasmine-like >
fragrance, while the one from the Pacific side is scented like some of the
odorous Phyllocacti. Both forms give out their odour at night only.
As we have no oaks here, I attached them to the limbs of the calabash
tree, where they quickly rooted. Referring at greater length to this tree—
Crescentia species—I would urge upon all amateurs living in the tropics,
who are at all interested in the cultivation of Orchids, to utilize this tree for
the purpose above indicated. I know of no tree so remarkably adapted for
growing Orchids upon as the calabash. There appears to be a singular
combination of conditions that are most favourable to root development. }
may add, however, that, in establishing the calabash tree in a garden, tt
should be situated in a perfectly open, sunny place, where it gets free
ventilation from all the breezes that blow. It prefers, for its best develop.

_ ment, porous, well drained soil, and can be grown from large truncheons
two or three inches in thickness and four or five feet long, by merely placing
them in the ground as one would set a post, planting, say a foot oF eight.
een inches deep. Here, in this climate, we have found the largest numbet
to root when planted in the winter season, that is, in December or Januaty —
when there is very little rain ; they will then slowly form a callus, and be :
ready to start off with the first rains in May or June, and, in a couple ©
years, are large enough to accommodate quite a number of Orchids. ie
I have, already, one small calabash tree about ten feet high, from W®”
proceed a number of lateral branches, with the following Orchids established

SEPTEMBER, 1906. | THE ORCHID REVIEW. 283

thereon :—Oncidium Cebolleta, O. luridum, O. Papilio, O. iridifolium, O.
stramineum, O. sphacelatum, O. Cavendishianum, Brassavola lineata, B.
nodosa, Epidendrum atropurpureum, E. alatum, E. Stamfordianum, Laelia
anceps, Dendrobium nobile, D. Dalhousieanum and D. bigibbum, and I
have no doubt that, in time, I shall be able to establish a great many other
species, though, doubtless, the shade-loving sorts might not do so well.
Santa Lucretia, J. C. Harvey.
Vera Cruz, Mexico.

DENDROBIUM PIERARDII IN BURMA.
**T aM sending you a photograph of Dendrobium Pierardii, which flowered
on the 27th of May, 1906. Some of the stems are more than seven feet
long, flowering in fascicles of two or three blossoms from each node,
throughout the greater part of the length of the stem. Four of the stems
had more than 120 flowers each. The total number of flowers on this
Orchid amounted to 1,346. At the time of flowering the stems were leafless,
but now each stem has put forth four or five new growths from different
nodes. I have several plants of this species, but none flowered so profusely
as the one photographed. I send this photo as it may be of some interest
to you.” = eye) WW ORSLEY.

Govt. High School,

Akyab, Burma.

[The photograph shows a remarkable plant, with numerous slender
pseudobulbs, literally wreathed in flowers. It is in a basket, and appears to
hang from the roof of a verandah, in front of a trellis work. The photograph
is half plate size, and of course shows all the details enormously reduced,
It is a very fine example, and the pseudobulbs would be almost too long for
some of our modern Orchid houses, where small plants of the species are
occasionally seen.—ED.|

, HYBRIDS AND THE USE OF THE “ x."—The use of the sign of
hybridity, “« x,” was adopted many years ago to distinguish hybrids from
natural species, but hybrids have become so numerous during recent years
that it leads to great inconvenience to have to distinguish them individually
in this way, besides taking up much space, and the Gardeners’ Chronicle has
now discontinued the practice in its reports. For three years we have
omitted the sign from our annual Index in the case of Lelio-cattleya, on
the ground that all Lzlio-cattleyas are hybrids, and it occurs to us that the
practice might be extended to all hybrid genera. We propose to carry this
out in future—indeed, it has been adopted during the last two months in our
reports—but we do not propose to carry it further, at all events for the
present,

284 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [SEPYEMBER, 190%,
ORCHIDS AT GUNNERSBURY HOUSE, ACTON.

ORCHIDISTS among the delegates to the Hybridisation Conference who ;
visited the remarkable gardens at Gunnersbury House, Acton, on Friday,
August 3rd, at the kind invitation of Leopold de Rothschild, Esq., were
pleased to find that the Orchid collection is an increasing one, several i
houses being now devoted to them, and they appear to be thriving just like |
everything else under Mr. Hudson’s care. There is a Cattleya house devoted —
to species and hybrids of Cattleya, with a fine series of Leelio-cattleyas, but —
we only noticed a couple of good Cattleya Harrisoniana actually in flower. —
An adjacent house contained a nice batch of the beautiful Vanda cceruleain
bloom. We also noted a fine lot of Dendrobium formosum, which has —
long been cultivated here with great success, and Mr. Hudson pointed out —
several sturdy little seedlings growing on an imported plant, having come
home with it. A batch of Cattleya Triane, Dowiana and Warscewicai :
were doing well here. :

A house is now devoted to Odontoglossums, the plants being arranged
well up to the light, with ample shading, and appear very promising. Not
much was in flower,’ but. it may.be remembered that one interesting
novelty has appeared here, namely, O. X Hudsoni, described at page 143,
as a natural hybrid between O. gloriosum and O. Hunnewellianum. In
another house we saw a fine spike of the handsome Phalznopsis amabilis,
and plants of the brilliant Habenaria militaris, with a fine panicle of
Oncidium varicosum Rogersii, and further along we noticed plants of :
Epidendrum vitellinum, Cattleya Leopoldi and C. Gaskelliana in bloom. —
It was a hurried visit, as there was so much to see in other departments —
and perhaps we shall be able to see more of the collection on some future
occasion,

a tots Oe g

HYBRIDISING WITH MIXED POLLEN.
A FLOWER of a very pretty Leelio-cattleya is sent from the collection of
R. G. Thwaites, Esq., of Streatham, by Mr. J. M. Black, who writes that .
it is a seedling from Lelia xanthina, but that the pollen parent is uncertain, .
because one pollen mass from Cattleya gigas and one from C. Dowiana —
aurea were used simultaneously, and the question is what has happened !
The two pollen parents are not structurally very different, and as the seed |
parent is yellow, it may be a little difficult to decide the parentage. Could
anything equivalent to a cross with C. x Hardyana be obtained by Sa
means? Lastly, is it not possible that two distinct crosses may Ps
obtained from the same pod ? :
The flower sent is larger than Lelia xanthina, and light yellow .
colour, with a light purple front lobe to the lip, the veins being somewhat

SePTEMBER, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 285
darker, and the disc yellow. In short it appears to be Lelio-cattleya
Phryne, the hybrid with C. Warscewiczii (gigas), The cross with C.
Dowiana aurea, namely L.-c. Ophir, has, we believe, more yellow flowers
with a darker lip. What we should say has happened is that a pollen tube
from C. Warscewiczii has grown down the style, into the ovary, and
entered the micropyle of the xanthina ovule, thus producing the hybrid
named. Other pollen grains doubtless took a similar course, and some of
these may have been from C. Dowiana, in which case the capsule may
yield also L.-c. Ophir. Mr. Black should watch the development of any
’ other seedlings from the same pod. We do not remember a case where
two distinct hybrids have appeared out of the same capsule in this way, so
that the experiment is interesting. But nothing equivalent to a cross with
C. xX Hardyana need be expected. It could only happen if a pollen tube
from each species entered the micropyle of the ovule at the same moment,
and we believe that this is impossible under ordinary circumstances. To
get a hybrid from three species, two of them must first be united, in other
words one of the parents must itself be of hybrid origin, and in order to
get a hybrid composed of L. xanthina, C. Warscewiczii and C. Dowiana
one must fertilise the first-named species with pollen from the hybrid C. Xx
Hardyana.. We shall hope to hear of any further developments from the
cross mentioned.

ORCHIDS IN SEASON.

SEVERAL beautiful Orchids are sent from the collection of J. J. Neale, Esq.,
of Penarth, by Mr. Haddon, including Cattleya Aclandiz, the rather rare
C. Lueddemanniana, Odontoglossum apterum, the white-lipped O. bictoni-
ense album, and a small O. crispum with a blotch on each segment. There
are also Miltonia Regnellii and its variety purpurea, Oncidium longipes, a
flower of the rather rare Angrecum Scottianum, Paphiopedilum Parishii, a
spray of Polystachya laxiflora and the green Epidendrum umbellatum,
forming quite an interesting little group.

Cattleya Gaskelliana is known to be very variable in colour, and is a
Aery useful species at this season. A good, brightly coloured, and fairly
typical form is sent from the collection of Walter R. Scott, Esq., Crieff
Villa, Chester-le-Street, together with a pretty, delicate rosy lilac form, the
latter having been purchased from the collection of the late Reginald Young,
Esq., of Liverpool.

A flower of the pretty little Laelio-cattleya Proserpine, in which the
characters of Lelia Dayana and Cattleya velutina are combined, is sent
from the collection of R. I. Measures, Esq., Cambridge Lodge, Camberwell,
by Mr. Smith, together with a flower of Listrostachys caudata, whose long,

twisted spur gives it a very singular appearance.

286 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [SEPTEMBER, rg06.

A five flowered inflorescence of Lelia crispa Westonbirt var. is sent —
from the collection of Major Holford, Westonbirt, Tetbury, by Mr.
Alexander. It has a good open lip, the front lobe of which is occupied
by a very large dark purple blotch.

ONCIDIUM x STANLEYI.

AT the R.H.S. meeting held on August 28th last a very beautiful Oncidium
was exhibited by Messrs. Stanley and Co., Chase Side, Southgate, under
the name of Oncidium x Stanleyi, to which an Award of Merit was given.
It is said to have come home in an importation of Oncidium Forbesii, 0.
pretextum and O. curtum, and is supposed to be a natural hybrid
between the last-named and O. Marshallianum, which grows in the same
district. The plant bore two fine branching panicles, with an aggregate of
over one hundred and twenty flowers, fairly intermediate in size and shape
between the two species named. In fact, it most resembles O. Marshall-
ianum in its bright yellow ground colour, while the crests are much more
like those of O. curtum. The flowers have an expanse of over an inch and
three-quarters across the petals. The dorsal sepal is broadly elliptical,
obtuse, slightly concave, 7 lines long, and the colour bright yellow, with
three or four broad, light-brown bands, and a few additional spots, while
the lateral pair are rather narrower, and diverge above the narrow united
base. The petals are broadly unguiculate, nearly orbicular, retuse, —
undulate, 8 to g lines broad, and bright yellow, with a large, elliptical,
light brown blotch, and a few spots nearer the margin. The lip is nearly
an inch long, the side lobes very minute, and the front lobe very broadly
dilated, broader than long, and bilobed at the apex. The unguis is short
and broad, and the crest bilobed at the apex and base, with an additional
ear-shaped tubercled crest on each side at the base of the side lobes. The
colour of the lip is bright yellow, with the tubercles of the crest light brow”
The column wings are very short, entire, and light yellow, closely dotted
with brown. It is very distinct and handsome. RK

THE HYBRIDIST.
BRASSOLELIA X FLADOSA.—A very distinct and pretty little hybrid was
exhibited at the R.H.S. meeting held on August 28th, from the collection
of Jeremiah Colman, Esq., Gatton Park, Reigate, of which we have received
a flower. Mr. Bound states that it was derived from Brassavola nodos®
grandiflora @ and Lelia flava 3, and the specific name is taken from that
of its two parents. The plant has several erect monophyllous pseudo
bulbs, and the fleshy leaves are oblong in shape. The scape had oe
flowers, in which the characters of the two parents were clearly combined: :
The sepals and petals are spreading, slightly recurving towards the apex :

SEPTEMBER, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 287

and linear-lanceolate in shape, the latter having an expanse of three inches,
and their colour is primrose yellow, with several purple-brown spots, chiefly
on the basal half, and most distinct at the back. The lip is an inch and a
half long, entire, convolute at the sides on the narrow lower half, and
expanded in front into a broadly elliptical, unduiate limb, with a recurved
apiculate apex, its colour being primrose yellow with a few light reddish
purple dots in the throat, and some larger darker ones at the base of the
tube outside. The column is about a third of an inch long, and also bears
a few small spots. It is quite a distinct type, and altogether a very
interesting little plant. .

BRASSOCATTLEYA X CORDELIA.—A new hybrid raised in the collection
of Major G. L. Holford, Westonbirt, Tetbury, from Cattleya intermedia
¢ and Brassavola Digbyana 3, which has just flowered there for the first
time. Mr. Alexander remarks that it is the second cross to flower between
B. Digbyana and the long-bulbed Cattleyas, the first being B.-c. Madame
Hye, which received an Award of Merit at the recent Holland House
Show. He thinks that many fine hybrids will be produced from the long-
bulbed section of Cattleya and B. Digbyana. The flower was a little
faded when received, but is pale blush almost throughout, with the sepals
and petals rather narrow, and the lip strongly three-lobed, with all the
lobes prettily fringed. It is very distinct, and probably not yet fully
developed.

CatTLEyA x Saxa.—By an inexplicable error, the name of this pretty
little hybrid between Cattleya Bowringiana and C. Schilleriana appeared at
page 252 as Leelio-cattleya Saxa, which should be corrected.

NOTES.
Two meetings of the R.H.S. will be held at the Royal Horticultural
Hall, Vincent Square, Westminster, during September, on the 11th and
2sth, when the Orchid Committee will meet at the usual hour, twelve
o'clock noon. The subjects of the special competition on the latter
date will be Cypripedium Rothschildianum and its hybrids. There will
be no special competition on September 11th.

The next meeting of the Manchester and North of England Orchid
Society will be held at the Royal Botanical Gardens, Old Trafford, Man-
chester, on Friday, September 7th, this being the only meeting during
September.
with Messrs. Charlesworth & Co.,

Mr. W. H. Hatcher, for many years :
Moore, Limited, Orchid Importers,

has taken an interest in the firm of J. W-
Rawdon, via Leeds, and will in future travel on their behalf.

288 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [SEPTEMBER, 1906,
The Evening Standard announces that on or about October rst a sale
will be held at Vienna of a large surplus of the very fine and rare Orchids
from the Imperial conservatories of Schénbrunn. Among them are some
unique crosses and hybrids which are likely to arouse keen competition.

OO

ORCHID PORTRAITS.

AERIDES HOULLETIANUM, FOWLER’S VAR.—Journ. Hort., 1906, ii.
p. 195, with fig.

BULBOPHYLLUM Ericsson], Krinzl.—Bot. Mag., t. 8088.

CATTLEYA MENDELII VAR. QUEEN ALEXANDRA.—Journ. Hort., 1909,
il., p. 147, with fig.

GRAMMATOPHYLLUM SPECIOSUM.—Gard. Chron., 1906, ii. pp. 86, 88,
fig. 35.

L&LIO-CATTLEYA BLETCHLEYENS!S.—Journ. Hort. 1906, ii., p. 123,
with fig.

L&LIO-CATTLEYA DIGBYANO-MENDELII.—Fourn. Hort., 1906, il. p. 99,
with fig.

L#LIO-CATTLEYA HELEN, WESTFIELD VAR. —Gard. Mag., I 1906, p- 514,
with fig.

ODONTOGLOSSUM X AMABILE RoyaL SOVEREIGN.—Gard. Chron., 1906,
Ha Pp. 164, fe 61;

ODONTOGLossUM X WILCKEANUM GOLDEN QUEEN.—Journ. Hort., 1906,
ll., p. 171, with fig.

SOBRALIA X AMESLE.—Gard. Chron. -, 1906, li., p. 149, with suppl. t.

SOPHROCATTLEYA WARNHAMENSIS.—Gard. Mag., 1906, 11., pp- 547, 549
with fig.

ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS.

[Orchids are named and questions answered here as far as aad Correspondents ave req nested
fo give the native country or par. entage of plants sent. An ADDRESSED postcard must be sent if a
reply by post is desired (abroad, reply postcards should be used). | Secs of special interest will be
dealt with in the body of the wor k}.

H.H. The Epidendrum is not at present identified. Epidendrums have mostly 4
terminal inflorescence. We should like to see the bulb and leaf, if one could be spared.

W. R.S. A very light form of Cattleya Gaskelliana. No doubt the small bulb would
affect the size of the flow The other is a well-coloured, fairly typical form.

7. GB. es thanks. Shall be attended to as early as possible.

A. E. Stanhopea tigrina, Paphiopedilum philippinense (Robelenii being
evel 4 a a ot the Philippines, and Cattleya Grossii.

Ch. V. Your proposal will be very acceptable.
S- R. We will try to give a short article on the subject next month.

G. B. L.. Oncidium insculptum. The reply was accidentaliy overlooked.

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“Tae

ORCHID REVIEW:

Hn Zllustrated Monthly Journal of Orchidology.

Contents.
PAGE PAGE
Answers to Correspondent ee: Bae iat 5 aii x caliginosum seo’ SF
Calendar o eee auans ee ‘Osea rece chid growing ane ollecting in Jav a 294
Cynorchis purpurascens (Fig. 41) Sage Orchid Tortidit te : ee |
Cypripedes as Tow n plants . ... 304 | Orchids at Clare Lawn... ee ca ge
Cypripedium Calceolus in Britain 32° 400 bes ds in season ... “ve a)
Dendrobium rhodostictum : gages i rchids in New Zealand tis ae, | yf
Dies Orchidiani " bo Oe Orchids | in their native habitats... Brae |
Epidendrum vitellinum asa t parent nace ES cee ane Fairrieanum ae eau §
Hybridist af von: REO |) eee . 308
Cattley x F arquharsoniana Sy ee FLO Manchester & North of England Orchid 312
Miltonia specail (Fig. 39) 297 Royal Horticultu : 308
» yar Moreliana (Fig 40) . 297 Stanhoped eburnea Pig: 42) 3 Kes -SE3
Notes ps 319 Townsonia deflexa, a iat genus ... 315
Obituan . ; oe < Hn G2 Variation in hybrids i ier ae
ae se ee ... 314 | Young, the late R.’s, collection... age

Ww. Law- Schofield s we oe Ate

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Poe ORCHID Rae

MOL, ALY.) OCTOBER, 1906. [No. 166.

DIES ORCHIDIANI.

I HAVE just received a reminder that my notes have fallen into arrear, and
looking back find nothing since last February. Happily, there is no lack of
material, and it is pleasant to find that someone appreciatesthem. An event
to which I then alluded was the coming Hybridisation Conference, and now
the event is past, and reports in the last two issues of the Review show that
the claims of Orchidology were not overlooked—indeed the Chairman in his
opening address alluded to the worker who was “ engrossed and perhaps lost
in the idiosyncrasies of Orchids,” and how he might be rescued by dis-
coveries concerning Peas, or even Mice or Lepidoptera. And this reminds
me that he alluded to the first Hybridisation Conference as having taken
place eight years previously, in July, 1898. I had forgotten the date, but
turning up the Report in my copy of the Review I find that it was seven
years ago, in July, 1899. But I shall never forget the atmosphere in the
big Vinery at Chiswick on that memorable occasion, and I alluded to it at
the time as “like that of a Turkish bath.” A good many events have
happened in the Orchid world since then, but I cannot. stop to allude to
them, and with respect to the recent Conference it will suffice to say that
the event passed off with great éclat, and every one appears to have been
delighted with the proceedings generally. We shall now await the appear-
ance of the Official Report with considerable interest.

A year ago, more or less, we were all ina state of excitement over the

“lost Orchid,” and while all else was doubtful one fact at least seemed
certain, and that was that the plant in question was one known for nearly
half a century as Cypripedium Fairrieanum, which originally appeared in
the collection of Mr. Fairrie of Liverpool. It was, therefore, rather a
Shock to be told that this was not the plant, after all, and that the real
Simon—no, I mean ‘ Adam’s Fairrieanum” was something quite differ-
€nt. Was not its portrait, painted at the time, still in existence ¢ And
Was not the said portrait actually reproduced in the Review last April
(P- 105), from a photograph, too, so that there should be no mistake. Were

=

» é :
|
iy

290 THE ORCHID REVIEW. (OCTOBER, 1906.

we not assured that the re-discovered plant was one which Mr. Fairrie set
no particular store by, though he was extremely proud of the other? [t
was a disquieting circumstance, especially as the new claimant was
unquestionably Cypripedium hirsutissimum, which all the books agree did
not appear until two years after the painting in question was made. The
explanation is interesting, though it leaves other matters unexplained.
There is no doubt which of the two species was named after Mr. Fairrie by
Dr. Lindley, and it is equally certain that both existed in the collection of
the former. But can it really be that Mr. Fairrie never knew which was the
one named in his honour? If this be not the case there remains the
question how and when the name was transferred to the one now known as
C. hirsutissimum. At least this is how I read the last interesting but
rather mysterious chapter in the history of this much discussed plant.

Something new is always turning up in Orchid culture, and that, I
think, is one of the reasons why it isso fascinating. We have now the
question of Fungus Co-operation in Orchid-roots, so carefully investigated
by M. Noel Bernard, and also illustrated by him at page zor. It would
appear that if the particular fungus is absent the seeds fail to develop
beyond a certain stage, but if present they progress steadily from the com-
mencement. The inference is that the young Orchid cannot avail itself of
the food supply until it has been in some way prepared by the fungus.
But while the Orchid seedling seems unable to get on without the fungus,
the latter can get along without the Orchid, for M. Bernard stated at the
tecent Hybridisation Conference (see p. 265) that it could be grown in
sterilised tubes on a suitable nourishing medium, and transplanted from
tube to tube without losing its power to grow—in fact he had pure cultures
of spores living after four years of separation from the Orchid roots. Here
then is one of the “tame” fungi which Mr. Gurney Wilson (p. 155), Ws
speaking about, and of which Mr. Black enquired (p. 117) :— ‘‘ Could -
this fungus be cultivated and handed round, so that we could ‘ inoculate
a seed pan as occasion required?” The question has now been answered
in the affirmative, and M. Bernard thinks that it would be sufficient to
Propagate these cultures so as to give all cultivators facilities for ge™
minating Odontoglossum seeds as readily as those of Cattleya. He ha
found three species of these Orchid fungi, but he had not yet named them.
I thought the nomenclature question must come in somewhere.

But there is one phase of the subject I have omitted to mention. It
would appear that the kindly fungus sometimes gets the worst of the arrans*
ment, because after assisting the Orchid seedling over his difficulties for 4
time, the latter “ suddenly asserts itself, falls upon the fungus, and devours

OcTOBER, 1906. | THE ORCHID REVIEW. 2g

it.” Here’s base ingratitude! I really hope Prof. Henslow has libelled
‘the Orchid seedling, because, if not, I shall think less of him in future.
When looking at M. Bernard’s interesting photograph one cannot help
‘thinking of some possible tragedy about to be enacted.

I think a few of our growers must have laid in a large stock of these
fungi—whether they are aware of the fact or not is another matter—for the
progress in raising Odontoglossum seedlings during the last few years has
ibeen remarkable. I alluded to this matter in my last notes, but since then
O. X Stewartianum and O. X Eurydice have been figured in these pages,
not to mention the eight beautiful forms exhibited by M. Vuylsteke at the
Temple Show. Then O. x Elaine has appeared, from O. cirrhosum and
Harryanum, and O. xX Terpsichore from O. Pescatorei and polyxanthum,
not to mention the new Odontioda x heatonensis, from Cochlioda sanguinea
and Odontoglossum cirrhosum—certainly a remarkable series.

Speaking of Odontioda reminds me of the new figure of the original O.
X Vuylstekez, given at page 217, showing that the plant has now produced
a spike of no less than thirty-two flowers, a truly remarkable development.
The plant is evidently as robust as it is beautiful, and it is good news that

other seedlings of it are in existence.

——— —— ——

It is rather interesting to see a figure of the original Phalaenopsis
-amabilis, of Blume, under its correct name (p. 233), with a note on the
temarkable confusion in its history. I alluded to the matter about a year
“ago, when the question of unnecessary changes in nomenclature cropped
up, and perhaps in time we shall get used to calling the plant by its right
Name.

I observe a note on ‘“ Hybridising with mixed polle
Thope that we are not on the eve of a new departure. at
‘seedlings, lost records or none at all, and a perplexing variation am
Seedlings out of the same capsule, there are difficulties enough already,
‘without the latest development, and it is satisfactory to note that sie
Practicable seems likely to come out of it. If the thing could be worke
‘Successfully, there is no telling what might happen, for there would be no
one might mix three or four, or half-a-dozen,
until at length one might introduce a perfect blend of pollen, with pee
attendant characters, all at once. Indeed one might almost arrange the
Tesult beforehand, if the necessary pollen were available. Happily, as ne
_ “Ppears to me, we are told that the thing won't work, the result being t ©
Same as if pollen of one kind only is used, except as to the uncertainty

n” at page 284, and
What with stray
ong

heed to stop at two species,

292 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [OcToBER, 1¢06.

as to which species was the actual pollen parent. I suppose the unfortunate
recorder must puzzle it out for himself every time, and if so his lot will not
be a happy one. There is quite enough of this already.

The note on a floating Orchid, at page 250, is very interesting, for a
truly aquatic Orchid must be something of a novelty. There is not often
much waste space in an Orchid house, for stages and shelves are generally
fully occupied, as well as every available peg or wire under the roof, but
the most ingenious Orchidist has not yet been able to utilise the water-tank

for this purpose. But the plant is not yet introduced.
ARGUS.

NOVELTIES.

TAINIA FUERSTENBERGIANA, Schlechter.—A species which flowered in the
collection of Baron von Fiirstenberg in February last. It is said to be
allied to T. penangiana, Hook. f., which it greatly resembles, and has olive
green flowers. Its habitat is unknown, but most of the species are Indo-
Malayan.—Orchis, p. 4.

Goncora Beyroptiana, Schlechter.—A Columbian species, introduced
with Cattleya Triane, which flowered with Herr Otto Beyrodt, at Berlin,
in February last. It is closely allied to G. truncata, Lindl., and has pale
yeliow sepals and petals, spotted with purple, and a white lip.—Orehis, p. 4

ONcIDIUM JoHNIANUM, Schlechter—A Brazilian species, which
flowered with Herr R. W. John, at Andernach, Germany, in May, 1905. It
was imported with Miltonia Clowesii, Cattleya Harrisoniana, and .others,.
and is said to be allied to O. Wentworthianum, Batem. and O.
pergameneum, Lindl., of the section Basilata. The flowers are yellow,
blotched with brown.—Orchis, Pp. 4.

BIFRENARIA FUERSTENBERGIANA, Schlechter.—A. Brazilian species
introduced from the province of Santa Catherina, and flowered in the
collection of Baron von F iirstenberg. It is said to be allied to B. calcarata,
Rodr., and has yellowish green flowers.—Orchis, p. 25, fig. 12.

MAXILLarIA Brnoti, De Wild.—A Brazilian species, introduced by
M. Binot, and flowered in the Brussels Botanic Garden. It is said to
allied to M. rigida, Rodr., and has yellow flowers with some minute purple
spots on the lip.—Orchis, p. 25, fig: x3.

Lycaste Hrnnistana, Kranzl.—A Columbian species, introduced by
Herr W. Hennis, and allied to L. gigantea, Lindl. The flowers are said t0
be among the largest in the genus, and are green, with a white undulate
lip.—Orchis, p. 33. :

DENDROBIUM TONKINENSE, De Wild.—A species of the Distichophyll@ :
group, allied to D. revolutum, Lindl., but said to differ in the characte? —

OcToBER, 1906. | THE ORCHID REVIEW. 293

of the lip. It was introduced from the province of Thua-Thien, in Tonkin,
by M. G. Bronckart.—Trib. Hort., i. p. 21.

DENDROBIUM OCHRACEUM, De Wild.—Another Tonkin species discovered
by M. G. Bronckart, but not yet introduced alive. It is said to be near D.
Draconis, Rchb. f., but is much dwarfer. The flowers are white, striped
with carmine on the lip.—Trib. Hort., i. p. 41.

PAPHIOPEDILUM AFFINE, De Wild.—This also is from Tonkin, and is
presumably of the same origin as the preceding, though this point is not
recorded. It is said to be allied to P. villosum and P. dilectum.—Trid.
Hort., i. p. 57.

ANGR&CUM ARNOLDIANUM, De Wild.—Introduced from the Congo by
M.S. Bieler, and flowered in the Jardin Botanique de-1’Etat, Brussels.
It is evidently identical with A. Eichlerianum, Kranzl.—Trib. Hort., i. p. 83.
t. 6

DENDROBIUM RHODOSTICTUM.

ABOUT six years ago a pretty little New Guinea Dendrobium appeared in
cultivation bearing the name of D. Madonne. It was introduced and dis-
tributed by Messrs. Sander & Sons, St. Albans. In December, 1899, Messrs.
Sander forwarded a living specimen to Kew, with a request that if the
Species proved new the provisional name given should be adopted. On
January 23rd, 1900, it received a Botanical Certificate from the R.H.S.,
when the name was recorded (Gard. Chron. 1900, i. p. 62; Orch. Rev. 1900,
p. 61), and afterwards it was figured in the Botanical Magazine (t. 7,900).
It now appears that it has an earlier name, having been described several
years previously as D. rhodostictum (F. Muell. & Kranzl. in Oester. Bot.
Leitschr, 1894, p. 300), from a dried specimen collected at Bouawarri, New
Guinea, at 2,000 feet altitude, by Sayer. It was said to belong to the
section Eudendrobium, and as there was no further clue to its affinity it was
very unlikely to be identified with D. Madonne, which Lindley would have
put in section Dendrocoryne, close to his D. Mooreanum, and the Genera
Plantarum into the enlarged section Stachyobium. It is not a Eudendro-
bium in any case, but as Dr. Kranzlin says that the two species are
identical the determination must be accepted. Another ally is D. Fairfaxii,
Rolfe, a native of the New Hebrides. D. rhodostictum takes its name from
the numerous purple spots on the front margin of the lip. It is a very
floriferous little plant, growing and flowering freely under the treatment
given to D, Phaleznopsis, D. atroviolacum, and other species from New
Guinea and the adjacent region. It has much of the general habit of D.
atroviolaceum, Rolfe, which also belongs to the same group, though the
two differ much in the colour of the flowers. . ROLFE.

294 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [OcToBER, 1906..

ORCHID-GROWING AND COLLECTING IN JAVA.
By E. ConNELL, Alas Bezoekie, Loemadjang, Java.

(Concluded from page 261.) |
VANDA SUAVIS is more shade-loving, and comes forward on the edges.
of jungles, old, abandoned coffee trees being a prolific source, though I
have found it on bare exposed places also, on the side of the Arenga
palm, in the full blaze of the sun, also upon half dead trees, apparently
quite happy and blooming freely, although the leaves have a yellowish.
tinge. There are many varieties of this Orchid, varying in the richness
size and shape of their flowers. Some are very heavily blotched with rich
red-brown, and. have the sepals very much turned back; the foliage varies

greatly also. Plants vary in size from incipient growth up to specimens:

with 24 pairs of leaves, and two to three shoots with from ten to twelve

each. I count my specimens by the thousand, or did until recently, so

that there is always a fine show of bloom. Vanda tricolor comes from the
west of the island, and I have never seen or obtained any from East Java.
V. helvola is obtainable, but is not very common; also V. limbata, a very

showy Vanda. I am told there are four or five varieties. Mine have
brownish red petals, tessellated and edged with yellow, and the lip is 4

bright rosy purple.

Coelogyne speciosa, Sarcochilus, and Erias, are mostly found in the:
cooler depths of the jungle, upon large trees or small ones, and fallen logs,
where little or no sun penetrates, and the atmosphere is very moist,
though they will stand plenty of light in cultivation, and flower more freely-
Coelogyne speciosa varies greatly, and has both long drooping and short
flower spikes. The sepals are pale olive sepia and pale green, and the
throat varies in shades of red to almost black.

Among the ferns, canes, and other undergrowth, are to be discovered
at intervals, Calanthe Cecilie, Phaius maculatus, P. grandifolius, P.
Zollingeri, Cymbidium lancifolium and Cypripedium javanicum, though
not necessarily all together. As a rule when one plant of a species ©
found there are others close at hand, and then you may wander for
weeks and never see another. All the terrestrials named above grow
the rich leaf mould in jungle humus, and mostly with their roots well
exposed. These spread out from the base of the plant, and creep on the
Surface at first, gradually penetrating into the humus for a few inches-
This is particularly noticeable in Phaius maculatus, whose pseudobulbs
are always well above the ground. Cymbidium lancifolium and Phalus
grandifolius are also found with roots or bulbs well above ground, and

grow best so planted, in leaf mould, with a little charcoal and §
drainage. .

|
:

OcroseR, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 295

Calanthes of the vestita order grow well on decayed wood, an old
stump thoroughly rotten, broken into pieces, mixed with the fine fibry
roots of selaginellas, forming an excellent compost; also for all Javan
Cymbidiums. Keep them on the dry side, and well drained. Cypripedium
javanicum is also best kept fairly dry. I grow mine in leaf mould and
fine soil, but if kept constantly moist they rot rapidly. I keep them dry,
and give them as much light as I can without sun, and they are doing
much better now, though I lost a good number by letting them get soaked
every day in the open.

All the kinds which will grow on moss form excellent subjects for
basket treatment. Many of the Vandas, after establishing themselves on
their balls or pads of moss, are transferred to Cedar baskets, which gives
the roots further opportunity to extend, besides presenting a more pleasing
appearance. Aérides and Saccolabiums are also treated in this way, and
root on to the wood very soon.

I am afraid that at the present time, when such species are more or less
neglected, this account will not prove of much interest to readers of the
Orchid Review, but you will easily understand that for anyone engaged in
planting life out here, it would be folly and waste of both time and money
to acquire a costly collection of other Orchids, or hybrids, or even to do
much in the way of hybridising oneself. Constantly moving about, and
changing estates, is much more the mle than the exception.

Much of the pleasure in cultivating these beautiful and interesting
plants is derived from the personal search and the odd hours of jungle
hunting, by one’s self. It is somewhat lonely in the almost unbroken
silence of the forest, with never a sound but the drip, drip of the leaves
during the rains, the snapping of twigs under foot, or the sudden scurry of
alizard. Unlike an English woodland, which is full of the song of birds,
here all forms of life are silent. A noiseless bird flits across from one
bamboo clump to another, and now and again a parrot or a monkey sounds
a warning note at the unaccustomed noise of the human foot below, but
the fascination of the probable discovery is as attractive as fishing, for one
never knows what will reward patient search and effort. Sometimes an
Orchid, now and again an aroid—a beautiful Alocasia—or a new plant,
Perhaps in a watercourse or a steep ravine, where the sun’s rays never
penetrate, a lovely fern whose fronds are perpetually moistened by me
spray from a cascade or the drip from a hidden spring. Hours pass by un-
Noticed, and after trudging up and down ravines, in beds of me
Streams, it is a pleasure to emerge into the bright sunshine, and see the
blue skies once more, especially if one loses one’s bearings, as it 1s oad
fasy to do, dodging about to all points of the compass. oe ome
myself, and after getting into the bed of a watercourse, Se

296 THE ORCHID REVIEW. { OCTOBER, Igo6.

up again, have splashed my way along this muddy channel until I emerged
into the light of day, but it is nothing when one is keen, and these are the
places where the filmy ferns come from,

Having acquired all the best Orchids of this district ; I am now turning
my attention to the aroids and ferns, Lycopods, Selaginellas, Davallias, and
Platycerims. Caryota is here, and resembles a tree Adiantum. Silver
ferns also, but I have never seen a gold fern, though there are lots in other
parts of Java. Old coffee gardens, as well as the jungle, are good finds for
Orchids and ferns. An old cedar or other log that has lain for years under
shade is generally covered with various lichens, mosses, and a dozen
different ferns. Truly it is an ideal spot in which to cultivate a hobby, and
for those with eyes to see, what a wealth of material, to interest and
instruct. To the right of me an active volcano 13,000 feet high, to the left
another, smaller, though equally lively at times, away in front of me, below

the entire plain, with its white sugar mills dotted about, and the paddy

fields and maize patches of the natives, and the sea showing faintly in the
distance.

For the horticulturist or the entomologist, or those with a taste for the
simple life and solitary, there are worse places than Java ; every conceivable
colour in plant, shrub and tree, gorgeous insects and painted caterpillars of
all kinds, moths and butterflies of all shapes, sizes and colours. Here you
may study at first hand earthquakes and volcanic eruptions, walk upon an
extinct crater, known as the ‘‘ Sand Sea,’ whose dimensions I should be
sorry to state off hand, but walking across diametrically will take you com
siderably over an hour, and in the centre is another small crater, known 4s
the Bromo, up to the rim of which you can climb and look at, if the day
should be fine, a seéthing, boiling sulphur spring, with a smell of brimstone
pervading everything around. A wild, desolate spot, the crater being of a
perfect shape like an inverted cone, in subdued colours of grey and dull red,
the place might stand as a fitting entrance to the ‘‘ Hades” of Dante, or
anyone else. Planting life is lonely, and very isolated, but I defy anyone
to say it is dull.

I am glad to say I can take an interest in things—Orchids, flower
plants, and ferns—and prowl around with an eye to the elevation at which
I find myself, and fill up any spare time on my hands. _In the garden are
various Acacias, Gardenias, Allamandas, Brugmansias, Peony roses;
Syringas, Durantas, Cassias, Eucharis and other lilies, Zinnias, Dracenas
Gloxinias, China asters, Tree ferns, Begonias, Caladiums, Mulberries,
Lemons, Citrons, Bananas—but I have wandered off the track, and 24)
from describing my Orchid farm.

'
i

ae SS et ae

SOR ye eee ete Merger aS

OcTOBER, 1906. | THE ORCHID REVIEW. 297

MILTONIA SPECTABILIS.
MILToNIA spectabilis is one of the most charming of autumn-blooming
Orchids, and we now publish a figure, together with its dark pore variety
Moreliana, these being reproduced from a photograph received, with som:
others, from Dr. A. W. Hoisholt, Stockton, California, "g 1900. Dr.
Hoisholt then wrote :— “A year and a half ago I “eee from Messrs.
Lager and Hurrell, Summit, New Jersey, a plant of Miltonia spectabilis,
which Mr. Lager thought would prove to be the variety Moreliana. It was
composed of three pieces. The smallest flowered as ordinary spectabilis,

the second produced a flower of a very dark Moreliana, while the two leads

2 “IG. 4C Ss. VAR. MORELIANA.
Fig. 39. MILTONIA SPECTABILIS. Fic. 40. M.S. VAR. MORELIA

a different from either, hav

of the third piece devel: »ped flowers |
and short magenta-purple rays

pure white flower, with broad segments,
radiating from the disc. It forms ac complete c
an albino form of, the dark Moreliana. Is it M. spectabilis var.
I enclose a dried flower, with photographs of
s with the variety radians,

contrast with, and

all th iree.””

This flower quite agrees which flowered in the
collection of Senator Jenisch, of Hamburg |
es description (Xen. Orch. 1. p- 130), van the same variety was a
wards figured in the Orchid Album, iv. t- 164). The photograph of the
d for reproduction, but as the histor

ding to Reichen-

in 1855, according t

tw« V } rT o ray o
two well-known forms we have selecte

298 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [Ocroper, 190%

of the species was given fully in an early volume (iii. pp. 295, 296) we need
not say much about them. M. spectabilis was originally sent from Brazil
in 1835, by a Mr. Frye, to the Birmingham Botanical and Horticultural
Society, but is said to have first flowered in this country with Messrs.
Loddiges, of Hackney, in 1837. This original form had white sepals and
petals, with a vinous-purple lip, shading off into rosy lilac towards the
margin, and the veins darker in colour towards the base. Dr. Hoisholt’s
plant (fig. 39) approximates to this original type. The variety Moreliana
(fig. 40) was originally introduced by M. Porte, who sent it to M. Morel, of
St. Manda, near Paris, in 1846, and it was described and figured five years
later (Henfrey Gard. Mag. Bot. iii. p. 41, with plate). A form figured in the
Botanical Magazine in 1849, as M. spectabilis var. atrorubens (t. 4425)
without any account of its origin, appears to be identical.

These beautiful plants are well adapted for culture in hanging pans,
which are preferable to baskets. They should be well drained, as the plants
like a liberal supply of water during the growing season. They should be
suspended in the shadiest part of the Cattleya House. The flowers are
generally produced during July and August, and last a long time in pet-
fection.

THE LATE REGINALD YOUNG’S COLLECTION.

I PURCHASED a few plants at the sale by auction of the late Mr. Reginald
Young’s collection on July 18th. The labels on the plants give the names
and other letters, such as “ L.L.,”’ “ J.C.,” &c., also crosses or stars = ie
It would be very interesting to know the meaning of these, not only to mysel
but to other purchasers as well.

Rochdale. D. A. LAW.

We should think that the letters mentioned indicate the source whence
Mr. Young obtained the plants, ‘‘ L.L.,” indicating L. Linden and Con
“J.C.,” John Cowan and Co., &c. The ‘‘**” probably indicate quality?
as the sign is often used in this sense to identify plants when out of flower:
The sign of hybridity ‘‘ x ” is not mentioned, and probably explains itself,
though used in two different ways. For example Cypripedium ** barbatum
X niveum” would indicate a plant obtained by intercrossing those Me
species, while in the case of ““C. x Leeanum” the sign would be used t
indicate that the plant was a hybrid not a species. We hope that al
records obtained with these plants will be preserved, for Mr. Young made
so many experiments, and the records will be important when the seedling
flower. We believe that only part of the collection was sold on the daté
mentioned, but that the remainder are to be disposed of, and Mr. Young *
able Orchid grower, Mr. T. J. Poyntz, is seeking an engagement.

OCTOBER, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 29

ORCHIDS AT CLARE LAWN, EAST SHEEN,

THERE is a seedling Odontoglossum in the Clare Lawn collection in which
we are greatly interested, as it was derived from O. maculatum 2 X
Rossii g, in the hope of proving the parentage of the natural hybrid O. xX
Humeanum, Rchb. f. It originated in the collection of F. H. Moore, Esq.,.
Royal Infirmary, Liverpool (O.R. vii. p. 277; viii. p. 240), and is now six
years old. Its progress has been rather slow, and as Mr. Moore’s house is
scarcely suitable for Odontoglossums, and Mr. Young had kindly consented
to take charge of the plant, it was moved to its new quarters this spring.
It is now suspended by the side of a vigorous plant of O. X Humeanum,
and on calling to see it we find that it is making a good growth, and, apart
from accidents its flowering is only a question of time, as Mr. Young is very
successful with these dwarf Mexican Odontoglossums. O. Harryanum,
sceptrum, and Pescatorei were in flower here, also Oncidium cucullatum,
Miltonia candida and M. X Binoti, while a good plant of Zygopetalum:
maxillare Gautieri had four spikes of buds.

In the adjacent Cool Cypripedium house there was a fine display of
flowers, including seven plants of C. Charlesworthii in fine condition, the
best of which bore fourteen scapes, one of them twin-flowered, while a
second twin-flowered scape was noticed on another plant. There was a
good flower of C. Fairrieanum, a number of C. insigne just beginning to
open, including the beautiful yellow variety Sandere, and two good plants.
of C. x Arthurianum, which for the first time we were able to compare
with its two parents side by side in a living state. A pan of Pleione lagenaria
had also several expanded flowers.

In another house were C. purpuratum and various others, with three
plants of C. x Niobe in bud, Lelia pumila, and Trichopilia coccinea,
also plants of Cymbidium insigne (Sanderi), and seedlings from C. grandi-
florum x eburneum, pushing young spikes.

The Cattleya house contained several interesting things, :
Lelio-cattleya Dominiana langleyensis, L.-c. callistoglossa, L.-c. Gottoiana,
L.-c. amanda, Cattleya x Iris, C. X Parthenia, C. labiata, Brassolelia
Helen, and L. x Digbyano-purpurata Duke of Connaught, a richly coloured
form, with numerous others in bud or sheath ; also a well-flowered plant of
Miltonia Clowesii. It was curious to see here a plant of Gaudin —
folium producing two young plants on the old flower-spike, and one of
Epidendrum xanthinum in the same condition, an easy way of propagating
the plants.

In other houses we noticed a fine plant
bearing a dozen scapes, one of them twin-flowered, t
vexillaria Leopoldi, Dendrobium chrysanthum, a §

as the brilliant

of Cypripedium Spicerianum
he handsome Miltonia
ood batch of D-

“300 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [OcCTOBER, 1906,

Phalznopsis, D. sanguinolentum, and half a dozen seedling plants in bloom
-of D. formosum. These are four years old, and have been grown from a
mature capsule found on an imported plant. The yellow on the flower
varies considerably, in one case being orange-coloured and in another light
yellow. Here were also, Cycnoches chlorochilon, Oncidium Papilio,
Ancistrochilus Thomsonianus, Mystacidium distichum, and Spathoglottis
Vieillardii. The latter are seedlings, it was supposed from pollen of
S. aurea, but the result suggests that in some way the flower must have been
self-fertilised. Cattleya x Lady Ingram and Lelio-cattleya Aphrodite
were in bud. A fine capsule of Cattleya Aclandiz was pointed out as
having been crossed with Lelia monophylla, and the result should be
interesting.

The Phaleenopsis house is always interesting. The fine batch of P.
Schilleriana and others have been this year potted in polypodium fibre, and
have made fine leaves. Mr. Young pointed out that for some reason the
spikes were later than usual, not yet having started, and thus the more
likely to escape destructive fogs later on. Several P. violacea were in
flower, including the richly coloured var. Schroederiana, and Low's var.,
which is whitish except on the lip and inner halves of the lateral sepals. ¥
‘sumatrana had three spikes, and seems to flower almost continuously, P.
Esmeralda was also in flower, and Bulbophyllum grandiflorum, the remark-
able B. virescens being just over. Zygonisia X Rolfeana was bearing three
fine spikes of its handsome violet-blue flowers, with a fourth to follow, and
‘there were many good Cypripediums, including several C. X Maynardi with
‘numerous flowers, a fine plant of C. x Allanianum, C. x Wigapianum.
‘C. X Helen, a pretty hybrid between C. Charlesworthii and C. Dayanum,
‘C. callosum, C. barbatum, and C. superbiens. Saccolabium calceolus bore
two umbels, the flowers not yet expanded. We noticed here a number of
seedlings, some in bud, apparently a Cynorchis, and Mr. Young remarked
that they were from a plant imported by M. Warpur from Madagascar,
which flowered and produced a capsule without being artificially fertilised,
-and the seedlings now came up all over the place, and he had to pull them
up as weeds. They also flower within a year of their appearance, which 1s
remarkable. We must have the species determined. Some healthy yous
seedlings of Cattleya Gaskelliana alba x Mossie alba were pointed out,
and there are a good many other hybrid seedlings in various stages in the
-collection.

The Cymbidiums in the rock house are doing well, numerous youns
‘Spikes of C. Lowianum being observed, including the variety concolor, ess
C. grandiflorum. Some young plants of C. x I’Ansoni have been obtained
from back bulbs, obtained when the plant was repotted. This handsome
jplant is at present only represented in Sir Frederick Wigan’s fine collectio”-

OcTuBER, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 30

CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS FOR OCTOBER.

By J. M. Brack, STREATHAM. ,
THERE will be in flower this month Cattleya labiata and C. Dowiana
aurea. They are both splendid Cattleyas when in robust health, the former
being particularly floriferous, and although they are not now so indispens-
able as autumn bloomers as they were a few years ago—owing to the
ascendancy of the hybrid—they are still most welcome, and there is a com-
pleteness and harmony about the flowers of species that a good many
hybrids lack. There is an indiscribable something in the colour blending
ofa good many of the hybrid Lzlio-cattleyas that precludes any possibility
of their being taken for species, something amateurish and indefinite. It is
only with the colour arrangement that I am finding fault, and what I mean
is illustrated in most of the Lzlia tenebrosa hybrids. Two very successful’
hybrids, in this respect, are Cattleya X Enid and C. X Iris. There should
be a great future for albino Cattleya hybrids, for—apart from the rarity in
nature of albino forms of species—the above criticism will not hold good
with them, the pure white and yellow flowers of the hybrids being equal in
finish to the species.

There is a disease—of a fungoid nature, I believe—that affects some
Cattleyas, and C. labiata and C. Dowiana aurea seem more addicted to it
than others, as far as my experience goes. An atmosphere saturated with
moisture and with insufficient ventilation may safely be put down as the
main cause. It is mostly in the autumn that the trouble makes its appear-
ance. A dull, blackish streak may be noticed under the cuticle of the leaf
or bulb. In a little time the leaf may fall off, and if the pseudobulb is om}
through vertically it will be found that these black streaks run down its
centre. If one cuts off piece after piece horizontally it will be found that
the further one descends the less it becomes, which seems to point to its
having had its origin in the leaf or bulb, and not at the root. Sometimes
this decay runs right down to the base of the pseudobulb and along the
thizome, when there is no hope of saving the plant, and in severe cases all
bulbs will be affected at once. An unhealthy condition at the root may be
an auxiliary cause of this, but it is not infrequently found that pe ROCKS
perfectly healthy when the disease is first observed, and if they sar it A
g0 bad this is evidently the result of and not the cause of the trou e.
disease of this kind—if I am right in calling it a disease—appearing among
Plants indicates that something is radically wrong 1m ihe ee ;
_ Keeping the plants too close at a time when they are hardening - : i
tissues seems to me to be unquestionally where the error is ms : a :
never known a plant once attacked with this disease recover, ¥ ue z
have heard of some. Cattleyas in flower in the autumn should be kep

802 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [OctTopzr, 1906.

a comparatively dry atmosphere ; the flowers will then last much longer,
-and fade naturally without any spotting. Flowers spotting with damp is.
already a hint that the conditions are not healthy for the plant.

Some Cattleyas, and especially C. labiata, will sometimes lose the leaf
-and the top of the pseudobulb, through rot, after the flowers have been cut
off. This usually happens if a remnant of the sheath has been left, but not
‘necessarily because water has lodged there. It is a safeguard to
‘remove all the sheath and flower stalk from C. labiata to obviate the risk
-of any water lodging there, but the fact of the plant having this tendency to
‘rot appears to call for a particularly dry atmosphere at the period of bloom-
“Ing, and after.

Some years ago I had charge of a collection of Orchids in Seine et
‘Marne. For the most part the plants had just been recently imported, and
‘had all their native vigour, and they were grown solely for the intrinsic
decorative worth of their blooms. There were included about two thousand
“vigorous specimens of C. labiata, which were invaluable for table and room
“decoration during the shooting season. These practically filled one house.

My first autumn found me slicing off the tips of scores of bulbs that had
flowered and had decayed down from the sheath. The advice which was
-offered me from many quarters was contradictory, some telling me to cut
‘the flower stalk through the sheath, taking care to injure the sheath as
‘little as possible, as it was necessary that the sheath should remain and
-wither back naturally, while others recommended removing the thing com-
‘pletely. The second autumn found me resolved that there would be no
more rotting of bulbs, if atmospheric dryness would prevent it, nor yet was
there. The plants were carefully provided with water at the root when
“necessary, but the house was not damped once in three weeks or a month
-on end, and there was not a speck of rot visible anywhere, notwithstanding
‘that parts of the sheaths and flower stalks were left indiscriminately ; 20
‘was there a speck of damp anywhere on the blooms, which lasted longer
and dried up naturally, where not cut. And I was satisfied that I had dis-
-covered the cause of my previous year’s trouble. This treatment was; of
‘course, only possible because the house was devoted to practically one
“species, but still the lesson is there.

There are a considerable number of Orchids blooming or coming into
‘bloom this month, and in all cases one should try to have the atmosphere
on the dry side when the flowers are expanded. The Brazilian Oncidiums,
~which will include ©. varicosum Rogersii, O. Forbesii, &c., will be best
accommodated in the driest part of the Intermediate house, and so also will
‘the autumn-flowering Miltonias. Lelia pumila should also have 4 light
airy position in which to expand its flowers. Vanda ccerulea, a difficult
-Subject to keep in robust health, should open its flowers in a dry corner of

;
:
.
.
:
i

OcToBER, 1906. | THE ORCHID REVIEW. 303

the Cattleya house. Cypripedium insigne, C. Spicerianum, and many of
their numerous hybrids, are now throwing up their blooms, and we shall
soon be in the midst of the Cypripedium season again. The flowers should
be neatly tied up to sticks. Sophronitis grandiflora is growing and pushing
up its buds with the young growths, and should not be neglected at this
season. The plants should be kept uniformly moist.

WaTERING.—Much less watering all round will now be required.
Plants that are developing their inflorescences must have sufficient for that
purpose, but much less will be required when they have done flowering.
The tissue of the pseudobulbs made during the summer will now be getting
hard and woody, and will withstand more dryness at the root without
shrivelling than it could have done some time ago. Even plants that are

growing, such as Odontoglossum crispum, Lelia harpophylla, and others

should be allowéd to dry out well before having a fresh supply.
TEMPERATURES.—The temperatures given last month will be found a
safe guide for this. Much more fire-heat will now naturally be necessary,
but every advantage must be taken of the sun. Before October is out
shading should be entirely dispensed with ; a little extra ventilation, to

prevent any danger of scalding, will be better than having the blinds down

with the ventilators closed. But guard against cold winds.
The phenomenal heat with which August went out and September came
in cannot be without its effect on Orchids. Following such a long spell of

‘dry, sunny weather, and at a time when many plants had finished up their

pseudobulbs, the result may be that some will be irritated into re-starting
into growth. Where this has happened—and in the most normal of seasons
it always does to some extent happen—I think it is best not to insist upon
the growth coming along quickly, by giving extra warmth and water, but to
treat such plants in exactly the same way as these which have not ‘Te-
started. In some cases these premature breaks will grow and finish up ina
very short time, while in others they grow slowly, and sometimes finish up
quite small. Dendrobiums and Cattleyas are the two classes which are
most liable to do this, but little if any harm ensues if they are not coddled
in extra warmth.

WasHinG THE FoLIAGE OF ORCHIDS.—Growers of plants know that
cleanliness is of the utmost importance to successful cultivation, and now
that most Orchids have finished their season’s growth the work of cleaning
them should be proceeded with. All plants that have the foliage dirty
Should be washed, but I am not a believer in washing for washing’s sake, or
to keep men employed. Where there has been, or is, any kind of ame
Pest—seale, red spider, mealy bug, green fly, ants—careful —
bedone. F oliage may also become dirty through exudation from stn
buds, syringing with chalky water, &c., when it will be necessary to clean

304 THE ORCHID REVIEW. (OCTOBER, 1906.

the pores of the leaves, so that they may be able to properly carry on their
functions; but clean leaves need not be washed. For instance, the bulb
and leaf just finished should not require washing. Wash the plants that
are dirty or infected by insects, but not those that are already clean. While
disliking dirty foliage, I also dislike the unnatural polish that follows a good
rub up. I should not recommend the washing of the foliage of Odonto-
glossum crispum—a comprehensive wash, I mean—for I am sure that a
good many yellow leaves would follow.

Pot sCRUBBING.—I honestly do not think that it matters much to the
plant whether the pots are scrubbed or not, but clean pots look smart, and
if there is time to keep them clean, do it. The best grown collection of
Odontoglossums—on consideration, let me say one of the best—I haveever
seen had the pots smothered in what looked like seaweed, so green were
they, and the grower believed in it. It is difficult to gainsay evidence of
this kind, although it is easy to say that the plants were doing well for other
reasons, and in spite of this. I once knew a lady who owned a greenhouse
full of hardy ferns, and had an old gardener. This lady once read a
primer on gardening, from which she gleaned that plants breathed
through the pots, or something to that effect, and had her pots kept
scrupulously clean ever afterwards. The old gardener washed them once
a week—every Saturday. But her ferns did not grow any better than
other. people’s, if as well, and the old gardener said worse—only, perhaps,
owing to the weekly wash, he might have been prejudiced. This lady
evidently had little power of observation, or she would have discovered
that her excessive pot scrubbing was being badly rewarded, and it
seemed almost unkind, after the primer, that other people’s ferns did
grow, although the pots were sometimes dirty. If Mr. Crawshay’s glass
pots have not taught us anything else, they show that porosity in an
Odontoglossum receptacle is not indispensable.

CYPRIPEDES As TOWN PLANTS.—It has frequently been remarked that
Cypripedes are good town plants, and a correspondent in the Manchester
district writes :—‘‘I have a small collection of Cypripedes and Odontos,
but the Cypripedes stand our dirty damp climate best. The Odonto
blooms come slightly smaller each time. I am at business all day, and my
plants have to rough it, so perhaps that explains it, but the Cypripedes
bloom away as if they liked it.””. These shade-loving Orchids are probably
less affected by dull weather and fog than most others, and we have cae’
the flowers of Dendrobium Phalznopsis spoilt by a single night’s fog whel
Cypripedes were untouched. The experience of amateurs on this point
would be acceptable.

OcTUBER, 1g06. | THE ORCHID REVIEW.

we
oO
uv

CYNORCHIS PURPURASCENS.
DECIDUOUS ORCHIDS are not as a rule grown with great success, probably
on account of the difficulty often experienced in resting them. There are,
however, a few notable exceptions, and Cyrorchis purpurascens is one of
them, and a very handsome one, too. The Kew plants, which were intro-

CYNORCHIS PURPURASCENS,

FiG. 41.

duced six years ago from Madagascar, by M. Warpur, continue to Ear
and flower annually, and the annexed figure represents a pan of pie?
Plants, and is reproduced from a photograph taken md aed M a z :
Which, of course, represents them greatly reduced in size. ee ig
Produces q single large spreading leaf, as shown, and an erect hea

306 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [OcroBER, 1906.

beautiful purple flowers, with a white blotch on the disc of the strongly
four-lobed lip. Well developed heads measure five and six inches across,
and in rgor one plant developed a leaf seventeen inches long by over six
inches broad. The history of the species has already been given (O.R. ix.
p. 20), and a figure has appeared in the Botanical Magazine (t. 7852). M.
Warpur states that the species generally grows on the prostrate stems of
species of Pandanus, near the riverside, in the high forest, at an altitude of
1,000 to 2,000 feet, though sometimes it is found in tufts of Asplenium
Nidus, on large trees, at a considerable height above the forest floor. It
succeeds in an intermediate’ temperature, when grown in shallow pans,
in a mixture of rough peat and sphagnum moss. Although the leaves are
deciduous, M. Warpur states that the plant is never in a state of complete
rest, for as soon as the old leaf and spike are open the rhizome begins t0
push forth new shoots, so that it should never be dried eff. It should be
well shaded until the leaves are fully developed, when a little more light
and less water should be given. Under such treatment it is easily grown,
and is a very distinct and beautiful decorative plant.

CYPRIPEDIUM CALCEOLUS IN BRITAIN.
THE Strand Magazine for September contains an interesting illustrated
article by W. Carter Platts, entitled ‘“‘ Hunting the Slipper: The Rarest
British Wild Flower.” The author remarks that vaguely and ina general
way, this largest and scarcest of British Orchids is understood to still
survive upon the hillsides of a remote corner of Yorkshire dale-land—to wit,
in Upper Wharfedale—where, amid the wild tangle of lilies, primroses,
arums and garlic, it hides its charms in the upland thickets of hazel scrub,
stunted sycamore, and mountain ash which cling for life to the precipitous
slopes of the savage fells, and here year after year the elusive slipper has
been sought for with undiminished zest, though generally without succes*
Some time ago a young man came to reside in the district indicated, and
while rambling in the woods gathering wild flowers found what he termed,
for lack of better knowledge, a ‘‘ wild calceolaria.” A friend to whom he
showed it told him what it was, and for twenty years he has doggedly
searched for another specimen, but without success. A few yeats later
someone else found a plant on the same hillside and transferred it sa
garden, where it has since bloomed with gratifying regularity. In 1889
was found blooming within the shadow of Penyghent, and a yeat later 1
was found in another direction. A lady meeting with a strange plant ;
gathered a leaf and sent it to a well-known north country botanist, v “4
identified it as the Cypripedium in question. An expedition was organs :
and started in search of the plant, but, alas, the lady’s instinct of locality

OcTroBER, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 307

was not equal to the intricacy of the mazy thickets, and a prolonged bout
of hunting the slipper was not rewarded with success. This year a little
Wharfedale maiden, searching the woods for lilies, came upon a fine cluster,
consisting of no fewer than eight stems. Fortunately she was able to
retrace her steps to the spot, and the author was able to secure photographs,
the first, it is believed, of the plant blooming in its native wilds. Four
of these accompany the article, including one of the plant in its native
surroundings, where it is by no means conspicuous.

We can also state that the plant has recently been discovered in
another Yorkshire locality, and we have seen both a photograph and a dried
specimen. The wild station, Castle Eden Dene, in Durham, whence also
we have seen specimens, is carefully preserved, and not accessible to
the general public, and we hope that the Yorkshire stations may be equally
well looked after.

ane pe OI
PAPHIOPEDILUM FAIRRIEANUM.,

A LITTLE over a year ago the first flowers of the re-introduced Paphio-
pedilum Fairrieanum were produced at Kew, and were figured in this work
(vol. xiii. p. 265), and the antecedent history of the species naturally
raised the question whether we should now succeed in its culture. The
Kew plants have progressed satisfactorily, and this year are producing a
good crop of flowers, for we counted fifteen in one of the houses the other
day, and one plant we noticed had a much shorter scape than the others,
while there was some difference in the breadth of purple veining in different
plants. Until now we have not had an opportunity of seeing the amount
of variability in the species, and we hope to receive information of anything
unusual that may be observed, also of varying degrees of success In its
culture under different treatment. The idea that it cannot be grown is
Now quite dispelled, and its value for hybridising should secure it a
Permanent place in our collections. The species has a reputation in this
Tespect, and it will be interesting to watch the course of events now that
abundant pollen is available. By the way, the Kew plants have ori
Capsules without injury, so that another story passes into the realms a the
legendary, and now that the species is again common 1n gardens t ee
seems to be no particular reason why it should not be used as a see

parent.—Ep,

_ Wehave three of the newly-imported Cypripedium eee
NS, and it is extremely interesting to see the variation in them. : i my
noble flower with a dorsal sepal an inch and three-quarters hig and t

Same across, and several experts have pronounced it to be the finest in size

308 _ THE ORCHID REVIEW. [Ocroper, 1906.

they have ever yet seen. Another is considerably smaller but very heavily
reticulated with dark purple lines, forming in colour a striking contrast to
the first-named one ; whilst the third exhibits some rather odd peculiarities.
The petals of this one have altogether lost the beautiful curve which
distinguishes this plant, and are at right-angles to the flower and a little
recurved. Further, the lower or inferior sepal is nearly uniform in size and
colour with the upper one. One feels desirous of knowing whether this is
really singular, or whether there are a fair proportion somewhat similar.
Will it be too much to expect a pure albino of this species ?

RIcHARD ASHWORTH.
Ashlands, Newchurch.

SOCIETIES.
ROYAL HORTICULTURAL.
A MEETING of the R.H.S. was held at the Royal Horticultural Hall, Vincent
Square, Westminster, on September 11th, when the display of Orchids was
much smaller than usual, and the awards consisted of three medals, three
Awards of Merit, and one Botanical Certificate.

H. S. Goodson, Esq., Fairlawn, West Hill, Putney (gr. Mr. Day), staged
a fine and well-arranged group, which obtained a Silver Flora Medal.
Lelio-cattleya x bletchleyensis was well represented by several fine forms
at one end of the group, while at the other, some Cattleya x Iris made 4
fine display. Among other Lelio-cattleyas may be mentioned some good
L.-c. elegans, L.-c. Parysatis, and L.-c. Massangeana Harry Goodson. At
the back of the group, well arranged with Palms, were some handsome
Oncidium varicosum. We also noted an example of the rare Dendrobium
Williamsianum, having white sepals and petals with a violet lip, Brassia-
brachiata, Miltonia x Bleuana, Odontoglossum crispum, and other good
things.
J. Gurney Fowler, Esq., Glebelands, South Woodford (gr. Mr. Davis)»
obtained an Award of Merit for Lzlio-cattleya woodfordiensis (L. crispa X
L.-c. C. G. Rebling), a finely grown plant with two spikes, having the
sepals and petals white, tinged with rose, and the front of the lip ruby-
purple, with a lavender margin.

Major G. L. Holford, C.I.E., C.V.O., Westonbirt, Tetbury (st. Mr.
Alexander), received an Award of Merit for Lezlio-cattleya Sunset (L.
Jongheana x C. Percivaliana), a handsome hybrid, most like the Cattleya
parent in shape, having the sepals and petals broad and flat, tinged with
_ pale lilac, and veined with a darker lilac, and the lip bright orange, with @
small dark bronze-red blotch, and several short lines radiating from the
centre, while the margin is undulate and white, tinged with pale rose-

F. Wellesley, Esq., Westfield, Woking (gr. Mr. Hopkins), showed th

iz

Cattleya x Mrs. J. W. Whiteley, C

_ Fholidota conchoidea, P. articulata, Cypripedium Fairriea
S.

€Xce] :
cellent group, which included Lelia p

: Leopoldi, C. Loddigesii albens, Cypripedium Lawrenceanh

OcroBeR, 1906.} THE ORCHID REVIEW. 309

large and handsome Brassocattleya Mrs. Francis Wellesley, Leelio-cattleya
Duvaliana, Westfield var., and L.-c. Mrs. de Vere Beauclerk (L.-c. Ingrami
x oe Trianz) a very handsome and shapely hybrid, with broad segments,
to which latter an Award of Merit was deservedly given. The sepals and
petals are white, tinged and slightly veined with rosy lilac, the disc of the
lip dark orange, with minute reddish brown spots and lines at the base, and
the front lobe claret-purple, with dark radiating lines.

Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., Burford, Dorking (gr. Mr. White), showed
the remarkable Polystachya grandiflora, from West Tropical Africa, a
Botanical Certificate being awarded. In this species the flowers are carried
on vertical spikes, and are about 1} inches long, waxy in texture, pale green,
tinged with purple, and with some purple markings on the lip. The flowers
are produced in succession, and are the largest in the genus.

Jeremiah Colman, Esq., Gatton Park, Reigate (gr. Mr. W. P. Bound),
showed Cattleya xX Farquharsoniana, a handsome hybrid between C.
bicolor and C. x Iris (bicolor X Dowiana aurea), having the size and shape
of C. bicolor, but with the bright colouring of C. X Iris, the sepals and
petals being light purple-brown, and the lip purple-crimson, with a narrow
white margin.

Messrs. Charlesworth & Co., Heaton, Bradford, gained a Silver Flora
Medal for a very fine and well-arranged group, containing as a central
feature twenty-five handsome plants of Cattleya X Iris, showing remark-
able variation in the colouring of the flowers, no two being alike. Other
interesting things were Cattleya X Vulcan, C. X Germania, Brassocattleya
heatonensis, B.-c. Madame Chas. Maron, Lzlio-cattleya illustris, L.-c.
Aleyone, L.-c. Dominiana, Brassocatlelia elegans-Digbyana, Trichopilia
Turialvze, Anguloa_ eburnea, Mormodes pardinum unicolor, various
Cypripediums, Odontoglossums, and other plants.

Messrs. Sander & Sons, St. Albans, staged an exten
gtoup, to which a Silver Flora Medal was awarded. It contained some
€xcellent forms of Lzlio-cattleya elegans, L.-c. bletchleyensis, L.-c. Ingrami
Splendens, with its very fine dark maroon-purple lip, L.-c. callistoglossa,
_ x Pittiana, C. X Lord Rothschild, a
ozen orange flowers,
Stanhopea Wardiil
num, and various

sive and handsome

example of the rare Lelia monophylla with over a d
Yenoches ventricosum with a raceme of six flowers,

other.
Bush Hill Park, Enfield, exhibited an
urpurata Duckworthii, almost an
veining of purple on the lip,
C. xX St. Gilles, Cc. x Iris, C.
m Hyeanum, C.

Messrs. Hugh Low, & Co.,

¢G mo, the white flowers having only @
attleya Gaskelliana alba, C. X Minucia,

310 : THE ORCHID REVIEW. [OcTOBER, 1906,

x Youngiano-superbiens, Oncidium incurvum, O. microchilum, O
varicosum, a form of O. Forbesii with sparsely spotted yellow lip,
Odontoglossum bictoniense album, and other good things.

A second meeting was held on September 25th, when Orchids formed
a leading feature of the exhibits, and the awards consisted of three medals,
six Awards of Merit, and one Botanical Certificate.

E. Ashworth, Esq., Harefield Hall, Wimslow, Cheshire (gr. Mr.
Holbrook), sent the very interesting Dendrobium x Arthur Ashworth (D.
Brymerianum xX Dalhousieanum) which received an Award of Merit. It
was most like the latter in shape, but had yellow flowers, and the lip some-
what fringed, and bearing a pair of light purple blotches at the base.
A Botanical Certificate was also given to the very rare Trevoria chloris,
a very remarkable plant, whose history was given at page 203 of our fifth
volume. It is allied to Stanhopea, and has drooping racemes of greenish
fragrant flowers.

Major G. L. Holford, C.I.E., C.V.O., Westonbirt, Tetbury (gr. Mr
Alexander), showed Cattleya x Lord Rothschild superba, very large and
handsome, Lzlio-cattleya Novelty superba, L.-c. Tunis (L. cinnabrosa X C.
Warscewiczii), having the sepals and petals white, tinted with salmon-
colour, and the lip purple, and the handsome L.-c. Berthe Fournier,
Holford’s var. (L.-c. elegans x C. Dowiana), which gained an Award of
Merit. The sepals and petals were a deep copper-red, and the lip ruby:
crimson with golden veining at the base.

The Marquis de Wavrin, Chateau de Ronsele, Belgium (gt- M. de
Geest), exhibited Cattleya Hardyana var. Rex, a very fine dark form,
which gained an Award of Merit. The flowers had rich rose-coloured sepals
and petals, and a deep ruby-claret lip, lined with gold at the base.

W. M. Appleton, Esq., Weston-super-mare (gr. Mr. Brooks), showed
Cypripedium xX Francis Heygate, C. xX Redvers Buller, c. x Roltet,
Zygopetalum maxillare, and Cattleya x Appletone (elongata X aurea),
forming a very interesting little group. ;

Francis Wellesley, Esq., Westfield, Woking (gr. Mr. Hopkins):
exhibited the singular Epicattleya Figaro (E. falcatum X C. intermedia)»
having very fleshy leaves, narrowly lanceolate green sepals and petals, the
lip trilobed, white, with faint rose lines on the side lobes, and the throat
tinged with yellow. He also showed Cypripedium X Princess,
lesleyanum (Mons. Coffinet x Fairrieanum), a light-coloured form °
beautiful hybrid figured at page 113.

Messrs. Charlesworth and Co., Heaton, Bradford, staged a particulary
fine group, which was awarded a Silver-gilt Flora Medal. It inclué®
several fine Brassavola Digbyana hybrids, the handsome Brassocattley?

f the

var. Wel- -

:
:

We ee. te eae aR PPS

ors

A TeSTey 2 oo Se RN EN RE ee rept or EEE ny me

OcTOBER, 1906. | THE ORCHID REVIEW. Bit

Madame Chas. Maron being represented by several examples. There were
also some good Cattleya x Iris, C. x Leda (Dowiana aurea X superba),
Sophrolelia heatonensis, the largeandhandsom Zygopetal ill g

nificum, with fine violet lip, Vanda insignis, Cirrhopetalum appendiculatum:
Odontoglossum x Phedra (Hallii x Pescatorei), resembling the latter in
shape, and the colour white, blotched with reddish brown, and the hand-
some O. X Smithii (Rossii rubescens X crispo-Harryanum), which was
figured at page g. The flowers are white, with a broad purple border to the
sepals and petals, these being heavily blotched with chocolate-purple, while
the front of the lip is rose-purple. An Award of Merit was given to
Odontioda Bohnhoffiz (Cochlioda vulcanica X Odontoglossum cirrhosum),
a new and very pretty hybrid bearing one spike of flowers with narrow
segments blood-red in colour, with some white showing in places, and
slightly tinged with purple at the base of the sepals and petals. The crest
of the lip is yellow, with some red spots.

Messrs. Sander and Sons, St. Albans, staged an excellent group, which
was awarded a Silver Flora Medal. It included some fine specimens of
Vanda Kimballiana, Cycnoches chlorochilon, varieties of Cattleya xX Iris
inversa, C. Gaskelliana alba, Cypripedium X Andronicus, C. X Sir Redvers
Buller, C. x Olga Bagshaw, and C. x Victory (Euryale Sander’s variety
X triumphans), the last-named receiving an Award of Merit. This was a
very fine hybrid, most resembling C. x triumphans in colour, the lower
sepal being large and circular, and the broad dorsal sepal green, heavily
blotched with dark chocolate in the centre, and bearing feathered rosy
lines inside the broad white margin, the petals broad, tinged with purple
and spotted with black on the inner halves, and the lip tinged with red-
purple.
Messrs. J. Cypher and Sons, Cheltenham, were awarded a Silver
Banksian Medal for a good group, containing Cypripedium ie Milo ens
birt var., C. x triumphans Westonbirt var., C. insigne W. P. Bound, LC.
X callo-Rothschildianum, C. xX Phebe (philippinense x bellatulum),
having a pure white ground, dotted with purple lines, giving a very pretty
effect ; some fine varieties of Dendrobium Phalaenopsis, Oncidium oo.
Rogersii, Lelio-cattleya Berthe Fournier, Brassocattleya caries ae
Maron, Cattleya x Iris, C. x Hardyana Massaiana, C. X Brown, an
others, :

Messrs. Hugh Low and Co., Bush Hill Park, sent Cattleya s eam
(dolosa x labiata), and Cypripedium X Fletcherianum cially oe
chilum x Lord Derby), the latter receiving an a tg Fe
38 excell hybrid with a two-flowered scape, the ground colons

re ee : d the lip pale
€ream-yellow with broad blotched lines of dark chocolate, an
yellow, slightly spotted with purple on the face.

312 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [OcToBER, 1906.

Messrs. Linden and Co., Brussels, scnt a flower of Odontoglossum
crispum illustratum, said to be from O. c. Vinicius xX O. c. Per-
fection. It is a very handsome thing, the greater part of the sepals and
petals of which was blotched with rose purple.

Mr. H. Schuster, Brussels, showed a small group of hybrids, containing
Lelio-cattleya bellula (pumila Xx. maxima), Cattleya xX Vulcani var.
Elisabethe, C. x Fallieri (Rex X Triane), C. xX Capartiana (Rex X
Warscewiczii), and the very fine C. X Le Czar var. fortissima (granulosa
Dubuyssoniana X labiata), a light rose-tinted flower, with rose-purple front
lobe to the lip, which was very broad.

DIPLOMA AWARDS.

The following Awards were made in the special competition on this
date :—

CypRIPEDIUM ROTHSCHILDIANUM HYBRIDS.—First Diploma to Cypri-
pedium xX Fletcherianum, from Messrs. Hugh Low and Co. Second
Diploma to C. x A. de Lairesse, Westfield var., from Francis Wellesley,
Esq..

MANCHESTER AND NORTH OF ENGLAND ORCHID.

A MEETING of this Society was held at the Royal Botanical Gardens, Old
Trafford, on September 7th, when the display of Orchids was not large,
though a number of choice things were staged. The following members of
the Committee were present:—E. Ashworth (Chairman), W. Duckworth,
Z. A. Ward, J. E. Williamson, H. Smith, W. Stevens, H. Thorp, C.
Parker, A. J. Keeling, F. W. Ashton, E. Rogers, J. C. Cowan, and P.
Weathers. :

E. Bostock, Esq., Stone, Staff., received a First-class Certificate for
Cypripedium niveum Bostock’s var., a particularly fine form, and an Award
of Merit for Cypripedium Charlesworthii Holly House var.

N. J. Bromilow, Esq., Rainhill, received a First-class Certificate for
Cattleya X Iris var. Marjorie, and an Award of Merit for C. X Iris var.
Mrs. James Bromilow. |

W. Thompson, Esq., Stone (gr. Mr. Stevens), received Awards of Merit
for Cypripedium x I’Ansoni inversum, and for a new hybrid Odonto-
glossum, obtained from O. Harryanum and O. luteopurpureum var.
Vuylstekeanum.

Dr. Hodgkinson, The Grange, Wilmslow (gr. Mr. Woore), exhibited 4
plant of the rare Zygopetatum xX Roeblingianum, and a good form q
Cattleya x Iris.

E. Rogerson, Esq., Didsbury (gr. Mr. Price), exhibited Cypripedium es
Mrs. G. Fletcher.

OcrToRER, 1906.) THE ORCHID REVIEW.

STANHOPEA EBURNEA,
It is unfortunate that the flowers of the genus Stanhopea are so fugacious,
for many of them are very haudsome, while few Orchids are more remark-
able in structure. Their habit is also peculiar, for the pendulous spikes
almost necessitate their being grown in shallow baskets, through which
they can push, and it is curious to see a cluster of such large and remark-
able flowers hanging beneath the receptacle in which they are grown, with-
out any apparent connection with the plant above. That they are epiphytes

‘i 2 I A EBURNEA.
Fig. 42. STANHOPE

the spikes beneath the

goes wi ing ir habit of suspending
$0es without saying, and their ha P so confirmed that

ite toe :
branches of the trees on which they grow has becom “
In some cases, however,

eey ar onge > any other way-

are no | r able to grow any ate
t. as in the one now figured,
?

the spikes come through the sides of the baske are shite flowers. It
which takes its name of Stanhopea eburnea from its shi’: a described by
has been known for a long time in cultivation, having been 5

i f James
Lindley in 1832, from a plant which flowered 1n the collection of J

314 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [| OcTOBER, 1906.

Bateman, Esq., of Knypersley, and which had been introduced by Messrs.
Loddiges from Rio de Janeiro. Four years previously a plant which had
been introduced from Trinidad, by Sir R. Woodford, was figured by Messrs.
Loddiges, under the name of Ceratochilus grandiflorus, which subsequently
became Stanhopea grandiflora, Lindl., though it is now regarded as a form
of the same species, which is widely diffused, having been collected in
Trinidad, British Guiana, Brazil, Venezuela, Colombia and Peru.

All the species are of easy culture, succeeding in a moderately shady
position in the Cattleya or East Indian house, in a mixture of fibrous peat
and sphagnum moss. They require plenty of water during the erowing
season, alter which the supply should be gradually reduced, so as to give
them a good rest during the winter. Strong, well-grown plants are remark-
ably floriferous.

OBITUARY.

G. W. Law-ScHorletp.— We much regret to hear of the death of
this enthusiastic and highly esteemed Orchidist, which took place at his
residence, New Hall Hey, Rawtenstall, near Manchester, on September
Ist. For many years he has been one of the leading growers of the
Manchester district, and as long ago as 1882 Cattleya Schofieldiana was
named in his honour, by Reichenbach (Gard. Chron., 1882, 1. p- 808). It
flowered in his collection in October of that year, and is now considered
to be a spotted form of C. granulosa. The deceased has been in declining
health for two or three years, and some time ago he described his recovery
from a former attack as almost a miracle. Many fine things from his
collection have appeared at meetings of the R.H.S., in London, and he
was a member of the Orchid Committee of that body as late as 1903- He
took part in the organisation of the Manchester and North of England
Orchid Society, on April 23rd, 1894, and was a member of the Committee
from the commencement, and took the greatest interest in it up to the last.
_ At his funeral, on Wednesday, September 5th, a beautiful floral cross W4*
sent by the members; made of Orchid flowers from their own collections;
the Society being also officially represented by the Chairman and Secretary:
He also took a great interest in the Orchid Review, of which he has been #
supporter from the commencement, and only last June the handsome
Odontoglossum crispum var. G. W. Law-Schofield was illustrated (P- 184)
from his collection. Another beautiful plant which bears his name IS
Cypripedium x Schofieldianum, a hybrid from C. bellatulum % and -
hirsutissumum J, which received an Award of Merit from the R.H.S- .
April 21st, 1896, and was illustrated in the Fournal of Horticulture (1896, 1
p- Tot, fig. 19).

OcTOBER, 1906.| THE ORCHID REVIEW. "315

TOWNSONIA DEFLEXA: A NEW GENUS OF ORCHIDS.

In the recently issued Manual of the New Zealand Flora (pp. 691, 692), Mr.
Cheeseman, publishes a new genus of Orchids, under the name of Townsonia
deflexa, which was collected in the vicinity of Westport, near Nelson, in
the South Island of New Zealand, flowering in November and December.
He remarks that it is a very curious little plant, clearly allied to Adeno-
chilus, of which it has the habit, but it differs in the smooth undivided lip,
minute petals, and in the column wings not being produced upwards behind
the anther. The smooth undivided lip also separates it from Chiloglottis,
Caladenia, Burnettia, and other allied genera. “Believing it to form the
type of a new genus,” he adds, ‘‘ I have much pleasure in dedicating it to
its discoverer, Mr. W. Townson, of Westport, to whom Iam much indebted
for specimens and information respecting the botany of the north-western
portion of the South Island. It is a slender creeping plant, bearing a
single radical petiolate leaf, with roundish blade, and a solitary or 2-flowered
scape, three to six inches high, and greenish flowers.

I believe it to be identical with an Orchid collected on Stewart Island
by Mr. T. Kirk, F.L.S., in January, 1884. He remarks (Trans. N. Zeal.
Inst., xvii. p. 224) :—‘‘ Two specimens of a small Orchid were obtained on
the descent from Mount Anglem. It seems probable that they will form
the type of a new genus closely allied to Burnettia and Chiloglottis.”’ One
of these specimens was forwarded to Kew at the time, and was examined
by Sir Joseph Hooker, who thought it to be a new genus near Chiloglottis,
but nothing further was done with it, and no further examples se sai to
have been met with. This specimen has all the characters mentioned by
Mr. Cheeseman, and as Stewart Island is situated at the southern extremity
of the South Island, a considerable distance away from Westport, it 1s
likely that it exists elsewhere. It is not 4 conspicuous plant, and would
easily be overlooked.

It may be added that Mr. Cheesema
New Zealand Orchids, belonging to twenty-one genera,

- alone is endemic.

n enumerates fifty-five species of
of which Townsonia
R. A. ROLFE.

ORCHIDS IN THEIR NATIVE HABITATS.

Way don’t you urge upon subscribers livi
tribute occasional notes regarding t
habitat? It seems to me such accounts are ™

oth i “now.
ers so regard it I do not know J. C. Harvey.

Vera Cruz, Mexico.

316 THE ORCHID REVIEW. {OCTOBER, 1906.

ORCHIDS IN SEASON.

TuREE very beautiful Orchids are sent from the coliection of W. Waters
Butler, Esq., Southfield, Edgbaston, Birmingham. First may be mentioned
a flower of Cattleya Trianz flowering out of season. It was purchased
about six weeks ago as an imported plant, with one sheath and four almost
dormant eyes, and was at once potted. The sheath has now produced two
flowers. It is of good shape, with pale lilac pink sepals and petals, and the
front of the lip rich amethyst purple, which colour extends round the
undulate margin of the side lobes, becoming gradually paler, while the
throat is rich yellow margined with cream. The second is a form of the
beautiful C. x Iris, having bronzy sepals and petals, and the lip of the
richest amethyst. The third is a good Lelio-cattleya x bletchleyensis,
having lilac pink sepals and petals, and a dark purple lip, with a pair of
small yellow eyes in the throat.

An infloresence of Aérides suavissimum (A. Reichenbachianum) is sent
from the collection of R. I. Measures, Esq., Cambridge Lodge, Camber-
well, by Mr. Smith. It is closely allied to A. odoratum, but has light buff
sepals and petals. Like its ally, it is powerfully fragrant, and in each
case the character has been incorporated with the specific name. A flower
of the handsome Cypripedium X Unixia superbum (Harrisianum X Law-
rebel) is also sent, being good both in shape and colour.

A very fine form of Lzlio-cattleya Gottoiana is sent from the collection
of Mrs. Fielden, Grimston Park, Tadcaster, by Mr. Clayton, who remarks
that the inflorescence bore four flowers. The sepals and petals are 45
inches long, and light rosy purple in colour, and the front of the lip
brighter purple, with numerous radiating deep amethyst veins, and the
tube deep yellow, the latter being a somewhat uncommon character in
this fine natural hybrid, whose parents are Lelia tenebrosa and Cattleya
Warneri.

HYBRIDIST.

CATTLEYA X FARQUHARSONIANA.—A pretty little hybrid, derived from
Cattleya bicolor and C. x Iris, has been sent from the collection of
Jeremiah Colman, Esq., Gatton Park, Reigate, by Mr. Bound, who remarks
that it is the first hybrid from C. x Iris. As the latter was derived from
C. bicolor and C. Dowiana, it will be noticed that the novelty consists of
three parts bicolor and one part Dowiana, hence one is not surprised to fin
a considerable return to C. bicolor, in the smaller size, and narrower more
fleshy segments. It is most comparable to a well-coloured C. bicolor, but
is probably undeveloped at present.

Gardeney’s Chronicle (1906, ii. p. 56) in recording the decision of t

OcropER, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 317

ORCHIDS IN NEW ZEALAND.

THERE are now several readers of the Orchid Review in New Zealand.
Recently one of them expressed surprise that Orchid importers and growers
in England did not more frequently utilise its columns to make known
plants they have for sale, and most important, their prices. The result of
their not doing this is that New Zealand Orchid growers, as well as some
Australian growers, are buying from the Continent, from America and
from India, not necessarily because prices are better, but because fullest
information is volunteered. It would, in fact, be much more convenient to
purchase from England, the Orchid centre, simply because all species could
be obtained in the one importation, whereas at present some are got from
India, some from Europe and some from America. The reasonableness of
my contention is apparent when I tell you that the minimum shipping
freight out here, for ever so small a case, is 40s. Other charges often run
this up to 7os. One large case from England containing all varieties
required would cost less and obviate a lot of trouble.

Collections here are very small indeed; I have not more than 3,000
plants. I have now in bloom—mid-winter—some very fine Dendrobium
nobile, ranging in colour from nearly white to deep purple. I have one, a
bright crimson purple, and another that is cream, or rather an ivory white
tipped in the ordinary way.

Every issue of the Review is indeed welcome. The contributions there-
in are exceedingly interesting and instructive.

If short letters concerning Orchids and their culture in New Zealand
would be of any interest for the Review I shall be pleased to furnish them.

D. PAPWORTH.

ODONTOGLOSSUM x CALIGINOSUM.
On July 17th, a handsome Odontoglossum was exhibited before the R.H.S.
by Messrs, Duchesne, Lanthorne and Co., Watermael, Brussels, under the
above name, which the Orchid Committee amended to O. X Vuylsteket,
and as such we recorded it, with the desire of ignoring what was considered
to be an unnecessary synonym. But that does not end the matter. The
Tribune Horticole (p. 30) records that on July r5th it was exhibited by M.
ch. Vuylsteke, at Brussels, as a hybrid between Oncidium Weltoni and
Odontoglossum Pescatorei, and was awarded a Diploma of Honour. A
later note (p. 48) explains that it was purchased by Messrs. Duchesne,
Lanthorne and Co., who exhibited it in London two days later as a hybrid

tween O. cristatum and O. Pescatorei. This parentage was given by the
he Orchid

Committee. A third note appears in the Tribune Horticole (p. 56} to the

318 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [OcroBER, 1906.

effect that M. E. Praet believes the parentage to be O. luteopurpureum or
O. sceptrum and O. crispum, and he regards it asa form of O. X mirificum,
raised by M. Vuylsteke. We hope the history is now cleared up, and
should like to see a flower next year.

VARIATION IN HYBRIDS.

Some little time ago I wrote you about a Brassocattleya Orpheus which
varied extremely in its colouring according to the size of its bulb (See page
134). I am now greatly interested in a plant which I bought in 1904,
because I admired the flower so much. I think it was said to be Lelio-
cattleya Aphrodite. Its bulbs were all similar in shape, short and stout,
rather egg-like. Last year it did not flower. This year it is just beginning
to make up a bulb of a Lelia purpurata character, and I am very curious
to see whether the character of the flowers will be entirely different too. I
am rather afraid that it will be—very interesting, if it is, but I bought the
plant because I specially admired the flower, which was of the Cattleya
Mendelii type, but beautifully coloured. I should prefer that it flowered
true.

I find that the last flowering bulb was 3 inches long, and the leaf 8
inches, 11 inches in all. The new bulb is 8 inches to the base of the
sheath, and the leaf 11} inches, 194 inches in all, and the bulb is only
just beginning to swell down in the sheath.

Joun Epwarps- Moss.

Thamesfield, Henley-on-Thames.

EPIDENDRUM VITELLINUM AS A PARENT.

A THREE-flowered inflorescence of a bright and attractive hybrid is sent
from the establishment of M. Paul Wolter, of Magdeburg. It is said to
have been derived from Cattleya Loddigesii x Epidendrum vitellinum, and
several plants were raised, which have slender stems like the seed parent,
with a pair of rather larger leaves. It is also remarked that one cannot see
the distinct influence of the Epidendrum, which was also the case in
Epicattleya magdeburgensis (C. Gaskelliana x E. vitellinum). A similar
remark applies to the flowers, though some modifying influence has been at
work. They are bright rose-purple in colour, with a whitish throat, and
are about as large as the Cattleya in size. The hybrid has not at present
been named. There is something rather mysterious about these crosses with
Epidendrum vitellinum, for M. Wolter states that he has often tried to
cross this plant with various Cattleyas and Lelias, but always without
success, as the flowers were never fertilised.

OcTOBER, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 319

NOTES.

Two meetings of the R.H.S. will be held at the Royal Horticultural Hall,
Vincent Square, Westminster, during October, on the gth and 23rd, when
the Orchid Committee will meet at the usual hour, 12 o’clock noon. There
will be a special Diploma competition on the latter date, the subjects
selected being Lzlia pumila, L. Dayana, Cattleya Dowiana and C. Dowiana
aurea, with their hybrids.

Two meetings of the Manchester and North of England Orchid Society
will also be held, at the Coal Exchange, Manchester, the dates being
October 11th and 25th. The Orchid Committee meets at noon, and the
exhibits are open to inspection from I to 3 p.m.

The plant of Eulophiella Peetersiana in the Royal Botanic Garden,
Glasnevin, appears to be in fine condition. Mr. Watson, who has recently
paid a visit there, describes it, in a recent issue of the Kew Bulletin (p. 220)
as “a giant with leaves four feet long and six inches across.”

The Atigust issue of M. Goossens’ Dictionnaire Icunographique des
Orchidées, just received, contains portraits of the following Orchids :—
Cattleya x lucida, Cymbidium insigne, Cypripedium xX Madame A. Bleu,
€. X Phcebe, Dendrobium Ashworthie, D. crepidatum, Epidendrum
glumibracteum, Eulophia guineensis var. purpurata, Lelia majalis, Listro-
Stachys pellucida, Odontoglossum Insleayi, O. X Lambeauianum, and
Oncidium suave.

A pretty form of Lzlio-cattleya Antigone is sent from the collection of
J. H. Grogan, Esq., Slaney Park, Baltinglass, Co. Wicklow. it is a
Seedling raised in the collection from Lelia purpurata Russelliana x
Cattleya Schilleriana. The petals are light purple, also the margins of the
sepals, the central part being pale green, while the lip is very dark rich
Purple, with numerous radiating light yellow lines on the side lobes. The
shape of the lip closely resembles the pollen parent, and except in this
character there is a general resemblance to Lzlio-cattleya elegans. Mr.
Grogan remarks that ifa dark form of L. purpurata had been used the
Tesult should have been very good.

ORCHID PORTRAITS.
ANGRECUM ARNOLDIANUM, De Wild.—Trib. Hort. ip. 83, t. 6. A
‘ynonym of A, Eichlerianum, Kranzl. \
ANGR&CUM CAUDATUM.—Orchis, i. p. 21, fig. II-

wihas 7 ie. 12.
BIFRENARIA FUERSTENBERGIANA, Schlechter.—Orchis, 1. p. 25, ig

320 THE ORCHID REVIEW. OCTOBER, 1906.

BrassoL#iia Epwarp VIi.—Orelis, 1. p. 37, t- 5.

CATASETUM GALERITUM VAR. PACHYGLossUM, Rchb. f.—Bot. Mag.,
t. 8093.

CATTLEYA ACLANDIZ.—feurn. Hort. 1906, ii. p. 243, with fig.

CATTLEYA LABIATA TRIANZ BACKHOUSEANA.—Orclis, 1. p. 3, t. I.

CaTrLeEYA MENDELI! var. Frau Lina ABEKEN.—Trib. Hort. 1. p.
Ayo ts Ee

CATTLEYA SKINNERI.—Orcitis, 1. p. 20, fig. 10.

Cympiprum LOwIANUM (monstrous).—Orchis, p. 35, figs. 16, 17.

EPIDENDRUM ADENOCARPUM.—Gartenwelt, 1905, p. 608, with fig.

L#&LIA ANCEPS WILLIAMSII.—Orchis, 1. p. 19, t. 3-

LAELIA PUMILA VAR. PRESTANS.—Journ. Hort. 1906, ii. p. 219, with fig.

L&#LIO-CATTLEYA Mrs. DE VERE BEAUCLERK.—Journ. Hort. 1906, il.
p. 291, with fig.

Maxitvaria Binoti, De Wild.—Orchis, i. p. 25, fig. 13-

Oncip1um x STANLEYI.—Gard. Mag. 1906, 599, with fig.; Journ.
Hort. 1906, il. p. 267, with fig.

ONCIDIUM TIGRINUM VAR. SPLENDIDUM.—Orchis, 1. p. 13,,f- 2-

PHALZNOPSIS AMABILIS RIMESTADIANA ALBA.—Orchis, 1. p. 21, t. 4-

SOBRALIA MACRANTHA.—Orchis, i. pp. 30, 31, fig. 14, I5.

ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS.

[Orchids are named and questions answered here as far as posstble, Corre preter are requested
to give the native country or parentage of plants sent, An ADDRESSED fosica ard must be sent if a
reply by post is desired (abroad, reply postcards should be used). Subjects of special ene will be
dealt with in the body of the work],

T. L.M. Flowers and photographs received with thanks. We will reply shortly.
J. S. Restrepia sanguinea, Rolfe.
A.C. Yes, the flower is Stanhopea Wardii, but it is cpp to say how it si the
name of S. eburnea, a plant figured at page 313 of our present
H.H Please date your letters.
The flower purchased as imported O. Sib atoimd is O. atop Eee ant
whether this can be taken as evidence that the two or! eh ether is very uncertain. We
should be glad to receive any further evidence on this poi
LALIO-CATTLEYA Lucasi.—Mr. Cra —_ writes ay the hybrid between Lelia x
-_ and Cattleya Warscewica Nee oi age 276 as Lzlio-cattleya Lucasi, was gic ive
med by Mr. Lucas, though some reinahedes person put this name on it. It has since
ue named L.-c. George i
jb. MM. Gie Goer granulosa hy brid as is a from the shape of the es
and the shape and texture of the petals shows that the ond parent was a spe ecies of t ‘
labiata le though we fail to identify it Bashees Is it ae [ponsibie to obtain the record 0
parentage

D.P. Ye es, ee concerning Orchids and their culture in New Zealand would
certainly - of inte est.

J. H. bli Sie form of Cypripedium Charlesworthii, but we have still a fore
in hs We could not undertake to dispose of it, but you might advertise !

Photographs received with thanks.—W. P. B., rT. | ae

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Those especially who contemplate forming a Collection would profit by consulting
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ORDERS PROMPTLY EXECUTED AFTER
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CHEAP, CHOICE, HEALTHY
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$mportations constantly arriving.

See Catalogue.

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‘* ORCHIDHURST,”
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Buy First Hand; nie from the Raise
A VIGOROUS, CLEAN, HeaLtHy Srock to ccs FROM.

INSPECTION INVITED.

Exchange of Duplicates.

Cypriped. x Evelyn Ames,
and Odont. crispum xanthotes pa
preferably for Cyp. insigne Harefiel
Hall and Odont. x loochristens¢ or
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Flowers of each exchanged b pefore exchangité
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STANLEY RILEY,

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Price lists on application.

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For Prices and Particulars apply to
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BELGIUM

ONCIDIUM CLAESII (ROLFE) NEV

A small importation of. this very beautiful

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For description please see Advertisement in

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I beg to offer also very choice importations of

Cattleya Mendelii. An extra fine type. Perfect flowers with larg

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Collected in the very best district for lane
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Vor. XIV.] NOVEMBER, 1906. [No. 167.’
‘THE

RCHID REVIEW:

An Zllustrated Monthly Journal of Orcbidology.

Contents.
PAGE Pact
Answers to Correspondents 352 351
Calendar of Operations for 4 ember 330 | Odontog Tossum Ha arryanum 334
Cattleya X Brownize (Fig. 45 345 | Oncidium candidum (Fig. 44 337
Cattleya X Lucieniz oe 344 | Orchid Port tra Bits oes Ws iv a Te
eypepediumn x discolor a oe ore hids EE»
mse Sg in Norfolk vee Sa rchids z Ravedoth ‘Leeds — 335
Hybnidis ve “in Sa Ore hids for tee catty se 340
Odo aie tons: sum x Una ss ans Irchids i as oes + 348

Odontoglossum x Urania ey a Pape “ealrvia anum, Culture of
Brassocattleya Dig ¢byano-Forbes 350 a oe Gt ee a ° -» 329
om ation Experiments of et late : Sous hs 338
Manc hester & North of Er ng land Orchi d 244

puNS ,

. 321
Law. Schofeld, the late G.W. (with Portr ait) te Royal Horticultural

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VoL. XIV.] NOVEMBER, 1906. [No. 167.

THE LATE REGINALD YOUNG’S HYBRIDISATION
EXPERIMENTS.

In our Obituary notice of the late Mr. Reginald Young (pp. 206, 207) we
remarked that we hoped the origin of his numerous unflowered seedlings
would not be lost sight of. A fortunate circumstance enables us to give
some further particulars of the deceased gentleman’s work. The greater
part of the collection having now been sold (see p. 208), Mrs. Young, the
deceased’s widow, has forwarded his record books to us, thinking it desir-
able that they should be placed where they are most likely to be of service
in the future.

Although Mr. Young cultivated a general collection of Orchids, his
hybridisation experiments were chiefly confined to Cypripedes, and these were
most extensive and were recorded with the most scrupulous accuracy. His
record books were quarto in size, and were ruled in ten columns across the
two pages, with headings as follows :—(1) Seed parent; (2) Pollen parent ;

(3) Catalogue number of the plants crossed; (4) Date of hybridising ; (5)
j Number

Date of sowing seed ; (6) Apparent condition of seed when sown ; (7)
and name of the plant on which the seed is sown; (8) Date of appearance
of seedlings ; (g) If previously crossed, the name of the production, and (10)

eneral Remarks. In this way Mr. Young had the history of each cross
made, and the result. Thus column 5 sometimes records ‘‘ Did not take,”
or “pod decayed,” as well as the date of sowing, while “ Failure” 1s
tecorded in the later columns where necessary. “ Repotted ” frequently
appears in the column for date of appearance of seedlings, which means “no
Tesult,” for repotting did not take place until that operation appeared
necessary, and all hope of the appearance of seedlings had been given up.
It may be added that as the seedlings were potted off singly each received
Catalogue number of its own, and these numbers we find extend to over
2,500. The number of seedlings raised was frequently recorded, and was
Senerally few, there being many entries of “one seedling,” and some of

ings” are
these: subsequently died.” In one case “ twenty-one seedlings

322 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [ NOVEMBER, 1906.

recorded. These details are given to show the methodical way in which Mr.
Young’s records were kept, and we must now pass on to give some details
of the work itself.

Mr. Young's first recorded cross appears to have been made in 1889,
and was C. Haynaldianum ? X Spicerianum ¢. The seed was sown on
the pot of the former, and three seedlings appeared, which were duly
referred to C. X Carnusianum. The date is not recorded, nor yet that of
the second cross, which was C. villosum x barbatum Warneri, and
yielded eighteen seedlings, but the third cross, C. superbiens x Godefroye,
is recorded as made in May, 188g, the result being two seedlings, which
subsequently died. The next five crosses gave no result, but the succeeding
one, C. insigne punctato-violacsum X_ vexillarium, produced C. X
Dedalus, Mr. Young’s first novelty, which flowered in October, 1898 (See
O.R. vi. p. 360). From the fourth cross onward the date of sowing the
seed (if any) is regularly recorded, and we find ten sowings in 1891, and
thirty-three in 1892, but only nineteen of them yielded seedlings. In
January, 1892, Mr. Young commenced to record the date of hybridising,
and this was continued regularly down to March 13th, 1906, when five
crosses were made, the last entry being “ x Pitcherianum magnificum X
Rothschildianum.” The aggregate number of crosses recorded is 1915.
It would take some time to ascertain the proportion of failures, but a
rough estimate can be given, because Mr. Young added an “O” in red
ink, in front of the record, to indicate no result, and a similar “X” ©
indicate success, while the two signs were combined if seedlings were obtained
but afterwards died. This item is complete down to February, 1897. Down
to this period 624 crosses had been made, of which 148 had yielded seedlings;
but as these died in 23 cases there remained 125 -successes, being a Plo
portion of almost exactly four-fifths failures. Of course, a good many
difficult crosses were attempted, and repeated, and the various causes of
failure will be understood, but we note a large number of cases where the
seeds are recorded as “ Very good” and “Splendid,” yet no seedlings were
obtained.

It is obviously impossible to go into details as to the nature of the
crosses made. Mr. Young seems to have attempted most of those
were available from time to time, and the list includes many combinations
from which good results might have been expected. Naturally, a 8°
many of his successes had already been anticipated, and in these cases he
was always able to trace the name from his copious records of the work °

others, adding a varietal name whenever he thought the merits’ of the
demanded.
: ; ; 0
His own novelties are specially indicated, and it may be interesting .
give a list of them, with their parents.

NoveMBER, 1906. | THE ORCHID REVIEW. 323

The chronological order is retained, and the seed parent placed first :—
Xx Dedalus (insigne punctato-violaceum X vexillarium superbum).
xX Atropos (xX Ashburtoniz expansum X purpuratum).

xX Lachesis (x Crossianum X marmorophyllum).

X Belus (X Harrisianum nigrum X Mastersianum).

X Clotho (x politum x Boxallii atratum).

X Quirinus (Spicerianum xX Appletonianum).

xX Zalmoxis (xX Williamsianum X vexillarium superbum).

X Minos var. Youngii (Spicerianum magnificum x Arthurianum).
X Endymion (barbatum grandiflorum xX Mastersianurn).

x Nemesis (X Williamsianum xX Boxallii atratum).

X Iphis (tonsum X Argus).

x Manto (Chamberlainianum x Harrisianum superbum).

xX Ultor (Lawrenceanum xX Sanderianum).

X Youngiz (bellatulum x Volonteanum).

X Kubele (xX cenanthum superbum X Youngianum).

X Juturna (x Orpheus Youngianum X Boxallii atratum).

X Rhodopsis (Charlesworthii x enfieldense).

X Wendigo (callosum x Sallieri Hyeanum).

X Thais (insigne X Orpheus Youngianum).

x Tautzianum var. Youngii (barbatum grandiflorum X niveum).

Xx Syrinx (tonsum X Youngianum).

X triumphans var. Youngii ( X cenanthum superbum X_nitens
superbum).

Xx Xuthus (x chloroneurum x Appletonianum).

x Victorinus (insigne punctato-violaceum X Calypso Oakwood var.).
x Omphale (tonsum X Smithii).

X Faunus (purpuratum x Charlesworthi).

x Milo var. Youngii (insigne Sandere x cenanthum superbum).

Excluding the four varieties of pre-existing hybrids, we find twenty-three
novelties, of which C. X Kubele is remarkable as having been derived from
five species, as was pointed out when it was described (O.R. ix. p.271). How
many other novelties may yet appear in the now dispersed seedlings no one
€an guess, but these are numerous and have been derived from a large
number of crosses.

We find also careful records of three dozen crosses made with a view of
testing the influence of the pollen parent on the development of the capsule
and seeds, the resulting capsules being exhibited at a meeting of the
Linnean Society in March, 1900 (O.R. viii. p. 120).

Experiments with other genera were apparently few,
of over fifty crosses, of Cattleya, Lzlia, Sophroaitis, Dendrobium, Odonto-
glossum, Masdevallia, Lycaste and Maxillaria, though seedlings are only

ang gAgaNgaANNNOANgNHAAAAS

Roan

but we find records

324 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [ NovEMBER, 1906.

recorded in the case of Cattleya and Masdevallia, the rest being failures.

A good number of Orchids from Mr. Young’s collection were figured by
M. Goossens in the Dictionnaire Iconographique des Orchidées, and we find a
list of them in Mr. Young’s records, showing thirty to have been selected,
all but three being Cypripedes.

It now remains to mention Mr. Young’s extensive series of Cypripedium
records, compiled with great industry during a long series of years. When
and how it commenced we have no exact means of ascertaining, but first we
find a small quarto volume in which the names of species and hybrids are
entered alphabetically, with the author, country or parentage, introducer or
raiser.

This is followed by a second list arranged alphabetically under the
seed parent, followed by the pollen parent and the resulting hybrid. Lastly
comes the records of Mr. Young’s own experiments. | This was soon out-
grown, and we find them transferred to a larger volume, with a column
added for references to descriptions and figures, the various awards granted
to the plants being also kept posted up. At the end of this volume we find
Mr. Young’s own crosses, now greatly augmented, entered up. This goes
to the end of 1898, when the space was exhausted, and Mr. Young copied
out the Catalogue into a still larger volume, and started a supplementary
“‘ Hybridising record,” commencing in 1899. In this the headings to the
columns were all printed and ruled, showing that the volume was specially
prepared. These two volumes were kept posted up to the last, in the
neatest possible fashion. The value of the Catalogue is that by its means
most of the recorded names can he traced.

All this did not exhaust Mr. Young’s activities, for we find a list of
varieties of Orchids in flower during each month of the year in the F ringilla
collection, commencing in January 1901, and terminating in April 1906, sais
Jatter apparently unfinished, though not much smaller than the preceding

month, when a total of 125 is entered. The monthly totals for 190% are a5 ¢

ollows :—January, 128; February, 121; March, 108; April, 113; May,
107; june, 85; July, 82; August, 72; September, 67 ; October, 59
November, 110; and December, 128. Other years show a similiar decline
during the months of June to September, July on an average being .
dullest month of the year. Such a statistical record is interesting, 27
confirms the observations of others, though the details would vary according
to the composition of different collections.

That Mr. Young was an enthusiast is certain, and we have §
these details because we believe that they will be interesting to hy
generally. : :

one into
pridists

: €
In conclusion we should add that he was always careful to acknowleds
the assistance rendered by his able gardener, Mr. Poyntz.

NOVEMBER, 1906. | THE ORCHID REVIEW,

THE LATE G. W. LAW-SCHOFIELD.
(With Portrait.)
WE announced last month the death of this distinguished Orchidist
(p. 314), and now we have pleasure in giving his portrait, the block having
been lent by the proprietor of the Rossendale Free Press, through the kind
intervention of Elijah Ashworth, Esq., Chairman of the Manchester Orchid
Society. We can add little to our remarks of last month, but Mr.
Ashworth writes that the deceased was the oldest Orchid grower in the

district, the period extending over about forty years. Of late he has paid

Special attention to Cypripedes, his collection of these being one of the

est. He was born on the 13th of September, 1839, and thus had nearly
completed his 67th year. He was a great lover of flowers, and an admirer
of all forms of legitimate sport, his special penchant in this direction being
Shooting and fishing. He was also an enthusiastic supporter of cricket.
He was very highly esteemed, not only in the district in which he lived, but
by all who came in contact with him. The late gentleman leaves two
daughters, Mrs. Craven Hoyle, of Leabank Hall, and Miss A. L. Law-
Schofield, of Newhallhey, his only son, Henry Hoyle Law-Schofield, having
died in 1875, while quite an infant.

4

326 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [NOVEMBER, 1006.

DISCOVERY OF GOODYERA REPENS IN NORFOLK.

A VERY interesting note by Mr. W. B. Hemsley, F.R.S., Keeper of the
Herbarium, appears in a recent issue of the Kew Bulletin (p. 293), and may
be reproduced here :—

“The Rev. Guy Halliday, of Bowhill, Bradninch, Devon, recently sent
to Kewa specimen of an Orchid which he had collected near Holt, in
North Norfolk, requesting its name. It proved to be Goodyera repens,
and, in reponse to our request, he communicated the following particulars.
Cycling to Holt, and botanizing by the way, he and his wife came toa
pond witha pine-wood and heather adjoining. They strayed some hundred
yards into the wood and had turned to go back when Mr. Halliday’s eye
fell upon an Orchid. This was carelessly pulled up under the impression
that it was Spiranthes autumnalis, aud a hasty search was made for more,
but unsuccessfully. Subsequent examination convinced him that it was not
a Spiranthes; he thought it must be Goodyera, and to make sure he sent it
to Kew.

“ Until 1885 there was no convincing record of an English station for
this plant, but in Baker’s Flora of the Lake District it is recorded, on the
authority of Dr. F. A, Lees, from a fir plantation between Penrith and
Carlisle. In 1888, Mr. J. J. Marshall (Fourn. Bot., p. 379), recorded the
discovery of several plants in Houghton Wood, near Market Weighton,
S.E. Yorkshire. Now comes this one from Holt. The question arises,
how did the Goodyera reach these modern pine-woods? This suggests
another question, were the young pines brought from the forests of
Scotland and seeds or roots with them » Possibly seed may have been
conveyed by birds or intentionally sown by man. Whatever the history
may be, it is almost certain that the Goodyera did not exist in these
localities before the pines were planted. _A similar isolated locality for this
plant was pointed out to Mr. Bean by Mr. Maurice de Vilmorin, at Les
Barres. This is also in a young pine-wood. ;

“* Goodyera repens is one of the most widely distributed of Orchids,
occuring all round the northern hemisphere. The specimen from Norfolk
has been deposited in the Kew Herbarium on indefinite loan.—W. B. H.”

Dr. Rendle points out that there are earlier records. In the Journal of
Botany for 1902, p. 325, Mr. F. C. J. Spurrell writes :—“ GooDYERA REPENS
IN NORFOLK.—I found this in poor condition two years ago on pit
Common, Norfolk; and lately in abundance in pine woods in the parish oo
Bodham, in the same county. The two places are some four or five miles
apart, with a low watershed between. The plant grows amongst the heath
and ling which covers the poor, sandy soil of the district.”’

NovEMBER, 1906. | THE ORCHID REVIEW. 327

In reply to this Mr. Arthur Bennett wrote (p. 393) :—‘ This plant has
been known to grow in Norfolk since 1885, where it was found at Westwick
by Miss Southwell on July 8th, as recorded by the late Mr. Geldart in Tvans.
Norf. and Norw. Nat. Hist. Soc. iv. 255. In 1891 Miss A. M. Barnard
found it in abundance in the neighbourhood of Holt. Mr. Geldart, when
recording this (op. cit. p. 329, 1891-2), remarks :— This locality is about
twelve miles, as the crow flies, from Westwick, where the plant was first
found in 1885 (where it has been since exterminated). It can hardly be
regarded as truly wild in either locality. The Scotch firs, amongst which
it grows, were probably brought from Scotland, and the plant with them.
I agree with Mr. Geldart that there is doubt of its being indigenous to
Norfolk. South of Scotland it has occurred in Cumberland and in
Yorkshire.”

A further note followed, by the Rev. Edward S. Marshall (l.c., 1903, P-
25) :—‘* I do not think this likely to have been brought from Scotland with
Scotch firs; in Surrey, at least, they are raised from seed by nurserymen
in large quantities, and are transplanted when about three years old. Its
occurrence among heather, mentioned by Mr. Spurrell, is greatly in favour
of its being native; thence it would readily spread to the more congenial
fir plantations. Another theory of origin is possible; v2z., that the seeds,
being so numerously produced, minute, and light, may have been wind
borne from northern stations.”’

ORCHIDS AT KEW.

A pLant of the long-lost and very pretty little Odont
is now flowering in the Kew collection, though at present it is scarcely
established, and has only produced a spike of two flowers, which differ from
the original in having bright rose flowers with darker spots. Its history
was given at page 61, but when that note was written it was not known
that an importation of it had been secured. A good plant of O. x Hallio-
crispum is also to be seen, with an example of the natural hybrid O. X
Humeanum and some good O. grande. The pretty little Dendrobium
Victoria-Regina is also in bloom, and there are two fine specimens of
Pleurothallis pulchella bearing numerous racemes of small light-green
fragrant flowers. A good dark Cymbidium giganteum is also in flower,
with C. longifolium, C. X Gammieanum, and the rare C. Dayanum.

In the adjacent Warm house is a nice batch of Paphiopedilum
Fairrieanum, though the flowers are now past their best. Among numerous
others in bloom may be mentioned P. callosum, Pp. Appletonianum, P. Stonel,
P. X Crossianum, and P. X cenanthum, with Phragmopedilums Roezlii,
Klotzschianum, X Titanum, and the handsome P. x Schroeder. Vandas

oglossum platychilum

328 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [NovEMBER, 1906.

include good examples of V. Sanderiana, Kimballiana, and ccerulea, while
Listrostachys bidens is producing a profusion of racemes of small buff
flowers. Near by is a plant of the remarkable Mystacidium infundibulare,
with examples of Sarcanthus teretifolius and Acampe papillosa.

The Warm house on the south side contains a nice batch of Den-
drobium Phalznopsis and its variety Statterianum, which will make a fine
display for some time if their natural enemy, fog, should keep away. The
white flowers of D. formosum furnish an agreeable contrast. There isa
fine spike of Eulophia guineensis, the handsome rosy purple flowers
remaining fresh for some weeks. The quaint genus Catasetum is repre-
sented by C. Christyanum, C. Trulla, C. €Erstedii, and the rare C.
Darwinianum, while Epidendrum floribundum, E. purum, and a well-
bloomed Oncidium flexuosum add to the display.

The “botanical corner ”’ contains numerous objects of interest, including
a charming little plant of Epidendrum Endresii with three spikes, Miltonia
Roezlii alba, Bulbophyllums Dearei, grandiflorum, rufinum, crassipes,
papillosum, and Gentilii, with Cirrhopetalum refractum and C. blepharistes,
Eulophia monophylla, Bifrenaria aurantiaca, Platyclinis rufa, Polystachya
tessellata and P. luteola, while suspended overhead are Lanium Berkeleyi
and Trias picta. :

The Cattleya house is gay with bloom, and includes such fine things as
Brassocattleya heatonensis and B.-c. Warneri xX Digbyana, a brilliant
Lelio-cattleya Cappei, L.-c. massiliensis, Lelia Perrinii, some good
Cattleya Bowringiana and labiata, C. Loddigesii, the rare C. Dormaniana,
and a good C. Dowiana aurea. Oncidium obryzatum produces a fine
compact panicle of yellow and brown flowers and is one of the best, others
in bloom being O. varicosum var. Rogersii, O. incurvum, O. Wentworthi-
anum, O. ornithorhynchum, and two good clumps of the neat little
O. cheirophorum. Other attractive things are the robust and free-flowering
Epidendrum x kewense and E. xX O’Brienianum, Brassia Lawrenceana
and longissima, Maxillaria grandiflora, and Sobralia Lowii. This does not
by any means exhaust the list, and the numerous things in bud promise a
succession for some time to come.

The Odontoglossum house has been recently reconstructed, and is now
a span-roofed structure, running north and south, built on quite modern
principles, with lath roller blinds, top and side ventilators of recent pattern,
open stages with a water tank beneath, in fact with the improvements
which experience has shown to be desirable or necessary. The plants will
now get plenty of light during the winter, when it is so important, and the
improved conditions and additional space should have a beneficial effect on
the collection generally.

NOVEMBER, 1906. | THE ORCHID REVIEW. 329

CULTURE OF PAPHIOPEDILUM FAIRRIEANUM.
THE question of the most suitable cultural treatment for Paphiopedilum
Fairrieanum has been much discussed, and now that the species is once
more common it becomes a matter of great importance, for we do not want
history to repeat itself with this interesting plant. A charming little
photograph has been sent to us by M. Joseph Ginot, St. Etienne, Franee,
together with the following letter :—‘‘ Herewith I send you a photograph of
Cypripedium Fairrieanum. This plant gave me four flowers last year, and
this year it has just borne five. I acquired the plant from Mr. Sander, and
on the advice of Mr. Lefebvre, his representative, I established it in a very

Fic. 43. PAPHIOPEDILUM FAIRRIEANUM.

Substantial compost, thoroughly drained. I have cultivated it until the
Present year in a cold house, low and very damp, in which I raise Orchid
Seedlings and Bertolonias. It is a flower of this variety which is repro-
duced in the Dictionnaire I conographique des Orchidées.”

As the species has been so recently figured we rather hesitated about
Teproducing this photograph, but two reasons induced us to publish it.
One is that it will enable our readers to judge of the success of the treat-
ment, the other that the broad, short, spreading leaves are so distinct om
the one previously illustrated (O.R. xiii. p. 265, fig. 62). One of the Kew

330 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [NOVEMBER, 1906.

plants has also broader leaves, and a dwarf scape much like the one now
figured. ;

A very interesting experiment made in the collection of J. Gurney
Fowler, Esq., has just been recorded (Gard. Chron., 1906, ii. p. 239).
Acting on the suggestion that the plant should be tried in a Cool house, as
the earlier ones seemed to have been killed by being kept too warm, he
placed the greater number of his plants with the C. insigne varieties, where
several are now in bloom, all with sturdy foliage, equal in vigour to the
specimens of C. insigne. One of the best plants was allowed to remain in
the warmest Cypripedium house, and this is not nearly so vigorous or
healthy looking.

CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS FOR NOVEMBER.

By J. M. Brack, STREATHAM.

OUTSIDE the Odontoglossum house, and excepting some Cypripediums
and some Miltonias, few plants are now in active growth. A few plants in
the Cattleya and Intermediate houses, such as Cattleya Lawrenceana, Lelia
purpurata, some Phaius, and other odds and ends, may not have finished
growing, and should be treated as growing plants with regard to watering,
but always bearing in mind that the days are now short and evaporation
slow.

Many plants are developing their spikes, such as Lelia anceps, L-
autumnalis, many Cattleya hybrids, Coelogyne cristata, &c., and these
should never be allowed to get very dry, or remain so for long, so that the
growing spikes receive no check. Plants which have finished, aud have now
entered on a period of rest, should require only sufficient water to keep the
bulbs plump, but it is bad treatment to let the pseudobulbs shrivel before
applying it, and then wait until the plant is again in distress before giving
more. This treatment is weakening for the plant, and may start it to grow
prematurely. Keeping Cattleyas uniformly wet during the winter never yet
made them start to grow before their time. To dry them up severely
concentrates, as it were, the resting period, and then when water is applied
they may start to grow. If the atmosphere is kept airy and on the dry side
among resting plants—which is as it should be—leaf transpiration is COM
siderable all the winter, and if there is no moisture at the root to replace
this, the plant will, so to speak, consume itself, and become lighter
weight.

It is a mistake to dry either Dendrobiums or Cattleyas to any severe
extent, with the intention of giving them a thorough rest. One is quite safe
to water the latter, and other evergreen species of a similar nature, wit
they are dry, but our experience has taught us that there are several which
require the drying to be somewhat more accentuated than is the rule.

NOVEMBER, 1906. ] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 331

Cattleya superba is oneof those. This plant is somewhat difficult to grow
and flower. It does not like root disturbance, and seems to be satisfied
with scanty fare.

Lelia majalis, Odontoglossum citrosmum, and a few others are noteworthy
as requiring an especially dry rest, although evergreen, but it is quite easy
to carry the drying too far even with them. Although the bulk of
Cattleyas and Leelias have finished above ground, the roots remain more or
less active during the winter, and plants which will go through another
season without re-potting may have any re-surfacing which they will require
Performed now. This will save time when the busy season comes round
again, and the roots will also run freely in the fresh material, and get a good
hold, ready for spring.

Wholly deciduous pseudobulbous Orchids, like Mormodes, require hardly
any water during the winter, while the tuberous-rooted, deciduous genus
Habenaria requires no water at all when at rest.

PHALNopsis.—Particular care must be exercised in watering these
plants during the winter months, for having no pseudobulbs to rely on,
they must never become thoroughly dry, but should be kept on the dry and
safe side, and never be drenched during the dull season. Although the
temperature required by these plants is a comparatively high one, avoid any
sense of stifling through keeping the ventilators too close.

The temperatures for the present month should be as nearly as possible
as follows :— ae

East InNpIAN HousEe.—Day, 70° to 76°; night, 65° to 68°.

CAaTTLEYA Housr.-——Day, 65° to 68°; night, 60° to 64°.

INTERMEDIATE HousE.—Day, 60° to 64°; night, 55° to 58°.

Coot Housr.—Day, 55° to 58°; night, 50° to 54°.

The lower night temperatures should be registered in the morning, and
the lower day temperature during sunless, cold weather.

VENTILATION.—Take advantage of all fine days and ventilate freely,
avoiding draughts. Aim at having the air in all the houses in circulation ;
though warm, it should not be heavy. But I think I have been over this
§Tound before.

LicHT.—In the London districts washing the outside glass enters
largely into the calculations of the Orchid grower during the winter, but
just how often it will want doing will depend upon how kindly or otherwise
he is treated, It has been our experience to wash through twice with only
Sufficient interval to make sure that the second visitation had deserted us ;
but that was an exceptionally bad year. I feel that 1 want to growl, a
shall restrain myself. Clean the woodwork and glass when going eas :
re-arranging and washing the plants, and do your best to findas much lig
*S possible for them during the resting season.

332 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [ NOVEMBER, 1906,

OLD ORDER OF THINGS CHANGING.—As I have had occasion to remark
before in these pages, the older order of things is gradually passing away in
our Orchid houses. Fewer and fewer plants are being imported, aud more
and more are being raised from seed, and, as the years go on, a greater
brilliancy will be evolved than at present exists, particularly in the
Odontoglossum department, as by selection the Orchid grower will be able
to work out his object. Occasionally one hears a despondent note, such as,
*“* Hybrids have seen their day, and presently everybody will be falling back
on species again”; but this is utter nonsense, retrogressive, and contrary
to the teaching of the history of gardening.

Time was when, with the advent of winter, we used to comfortably settle
ourselves down to plant washing and house scrubbing, but these things,
although of great importance, do not by any means absorb the Orchid
grower’s whole attention during the resting season. Speaking from first
hand experience with seedlings in large enough quantities to prohibit the
possibility of repotting all in the months of spring and summer, the coming
of winter, although seeing some relaxation in the repotting of these plants,
does not by any means see its cessation.. Where seedlings have been
raised during the summer, there will always be some trouble about, and
constant handling and attention will be necessary to ensure good results.
The work of raising seedling Orchids—or even trying to raise them—is the
most engrossing part of the Orchid growers work ; and the most pleasurable,
the flowering of them. As the numbers increase around him, he may develop
symptoms of callousness, but these same numbers very surely keep. his nose
to the grindstone, and, as they grow, the work becomes increasingly
difficult to meet. The spring and summer entail an amount of routine
work, with shading, syringing, &c., which will now be curtailed, and the
repotting of many seedlings which had to be left over then may now be
proceeded with.

It isa matter of gratification that small seedling Lzlio-cattleyas and
Odontoglossums do not seem to mind in the least being repotted during the
winter, providing the operation be done carefully, and they are accommo-
dated afterwards in cosy quarters; but it is worse than useless to attempt
the repotting of small Dendrobiums at the fall of the year. There is, ¥
fortunately, an infinite amount of work in connection with the raising of
Orchids which has to be repeated, and which shows nothing for the labour.
They are fickle customers until they have got roots. With all the ex-
perience that we can conjure up, it sometimes happens that the same
seedling has two or three changes before it roots, although, thankfully, ™
most cases it has much more peace.

The little grub which is hatched in the compost is the enemy which
causzs most mischief, but damping is also to be guarded against. The

NovEMBER, 1906. | THE ORCHID REVIEW. 333

latter is the Odontoglossum’s favourite means of quitting. I have exhausted
all my little stock of ingenuity in trying to get rid of this grub—methylated
spirit, ether, and various insecticides in solution—and although I am
satisfied that 1 have made him sick from time to time, and even brought
about his death, the Orchid has invariably expired first, the sphagnum next,
the grub making a reluctant third. We have tried to stare him out of
countenance (through a glass) until we have had shooting pains in the socket
of the eye, but he has not been in any way discomfited. I have pushed
needles into him and left him as an object lesson for his relatives, who have
nevertheless continued the attack with unabated vigour, and in the end
we—that is myself and the seedlings—have capitulated. It is the delicate
and slow growing seedlings, such as the Sophronitis crosses, which are in
most danger; a robust grower quickly gets a tough skin and a root, when
the grub will stop molesting it, for he is nothing if not an epicure. This
grub is apparently most active when the surface is dry.

Now that the fungus question is settled to the satisfaction of Argus
(although it has not yet been handed round!), perhaps some one will tell
us how to kill this grub—or, better still, its eggs—without injuring the
moss, or rendering it distasteful to the embryonic seedlings. [Has this grub
or insect been identified? Weare not sure what it is. A knowledge of its
history might suggest some remedy.—Ep.].

EcHo OF THE HEAT WAVE.—I had some conversation with an eminent
and successful Odontoglossum hybridist at a recent meeting in Vincent
Square, and he was lamenting the havoc that the heat wave of August and
September made among his germinating Odontoglossum seedlings.
Although retrospective, I may be forgiven for alluding to this, as I want to
Pass an opinion; for, although the germinating Odontoglossums at
Chessington did not make much headway then, they came bravely through
the heat, and as London was about the hottest place in the British Isles
there must be a reason. _I attribute our success (or luck) in this instance
to our having double Jath blinds for shading on the seedling house, the top
one being over a foot, and the lower one only a matter of an inch or two,
from the glass. With an outside temperature of something over go° in the
Shade, the house was not cool by any means, but the glass was cool, and
the plants standing immediately underneath this had the benefit of it.
When the weather became cooler we used the bottom blind only. The
question of shading is of much more importance than is perhaps generally
thought, and it is also a question upon which there is some hsm meatal of
opinion. [The best means of keeping the temperature down in a —
house during very hot weather without cutting off too much light vey
important one, and the experience of others would be interesting.—Ep.].

—

334 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [NovempEr, 1906,

ODONTOGLOSSUM HARRYANUM.

A CORRESPONDENT asks us to devote an article to the culture of Odonto-
glossum Harryanum, a species which does not succeed well with him, and
we may remark that others have experienced a similar difficulty.

The secret is that it requires slightly warmer treatment than many of
its allies, which is due to the fact that it grows at a rather lower elevation.
Five years ago we cited (O.R. ix. p. 256) a note respecting a batch of
plants which had been grown ona shelf ina glass potting-shed, with a
higher temperature all the year round than that usually given to Odonto-
glossums. They were said to be in a very healthy condition, full of vigour,
and flowering wonderfully every year. They had not been potted for at
least six years. We believe the locality was Trentham, where we had
previously seen a batch of remarkably fine plants in a precisely similar
situation. A year later M. Burberry remarked (O.R. x. p. 186) :—‘‘ The
plants seem to grow best in the Intermediate house, in a compost consist-
ing of equal parts of fibrous loam and lumpy peat, with an addition of
chopped sphagnum moss, using the bracken rhizome for drainage. Press
the compost moderately firm, and afford the plants moisture at the roots
liberally at all seasons, for shrivelling of the pseudobulbs will soon occur if
they are allowed to become dry.”

Long before the habitat was known it was conjectured that the plant
grew at a lower altitude and in a warmer climate than its allies, and after
various houses had been tried we find the Cattleya house recommended as
the most suitable. See cultural notes under Reichenbachia, ser. I. il. p- 1;
t. 49, and Orchid Album, viii. t. 366. In the former work it is said that
wild racemes grow toa yard high. It is said that the cultural conditions
applicable to O. hastilabium are the most suitable for O. Harryanum, and
we suspect that the case would be met by removing the plant into the
Intermediate house for the winter. Some of our readers have now had
considerable experience with this species, and we should be glad if they
will give us the benefit of their experience.

The species was described twenty years ago (Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron.
1886, ii. p. 486), from materials furnished by Messrs. James Veitch & Sons,
who first flowered it. The stock was purchased from Messrs. Fred
Horsman & Co., of Colchester, who imported it, through M. Rodrigue4
Pantocha. Shortly afterwards Messrs. Sander also obtained a supply of
plants, and the species became fairly common in cultivation. The habitat
was not recorded until about six years ago, when M. FI. Claes communi:
cated the fact that it grows in the vicinity of Yarumal, in the Antioquia
district. On looking this up on the map, we find that Yarumal is almost
due north of Medellin, and that Santa Rosa is almost exactly intermediate

NovEMBER, 1906. | THE ORCHID REVIEW. 335

ee)

between the two places. It is near the source of the Rio Canaverales, a
tributary of the Rio Nechi, which flows into the Cauca. It would be
interesting to know a little more about the precise altitude, and the con-
ditions under which it grows, but so far as we can judge it occurs at a
slightly lower elevation than O. crispum, which would account for its
requiring rather warmer treatment.

ORCHIDS AT RAWDON, LEEDS.

WHILE in this neighbourhood some time ago, I paid a visit to the nurseries
of Messrs. J. W. Moore, Ltd: The nurseries are situated some seven or
eight miles from Leeds, in the centre of the beautiful woods of Rawdon.
Recently they have come under new management, and are now exclusively
turned over to the culture and sale of Orchids.

Several improvements have, and are now, being made, to bring the
glass structures more up-to-date with present day requirements. That this
aim has not been in vain, is shown by the great improvement in the health
and vigour of the plants contained in the various compartments.

The first house entered acts as a sort of corridor, from which several
more lead off. Here we noticeda fine lot of healthy Cymbidiums, such as
C. Tracyanum, Lowianum and giganteum, a great many of these showing
numerous strong spikes.

The next house contained fine healthy batches of Oncidium ornithor-
hynchum, in flower and spike, Odontoglossum grande, Vanda Amesiana
and V. Kimballiana, Trichopilia tortilis and Lycaste xytriophora in flower,
also a good lot of Odontoglossum hastilabium semi-established.

The next compartment was filled with a beautiful lot of unflowered
Odontoglossum crispum, which show fine vigour, and promise well later.
Another span-roofea house contained a splendid healthy lot of Masdevallias,
in great variety, and a few may be mentioned, as M. amabilis, Barleana,
Benedicti, Chestertoni, Harryana in variety, Lindenii, muscosa, peristeria,
Shuttleworthii, Wageneriana, ignea and tortilis. A small batch of Odonto-
glossum seedlings next came in for attention, also fine imported plants of
Oncidium varicosum, and Odontoglossum.

Retracing our steps we next entered a house filled with Cattleya
Mossiz and C. labiata : these having arrived somewhat late in the —_
were in the midst of growth, and looked very promising. Ina succeeding
compartment we were pleased to see a fine batch of Cy popednie
Charlesworthii in flower, which formed a delightful contrast in size and
colour,

Our attention was next called to a fine lot of Lzlio-cattleyas,
Showing for flower. Amongst them we- noticed. L.-c. luminosa,

mostly
| ee

336 THE ORCHID REVIEW. (NOVEMBER, 1906.

callistoglossa, L.-c. Ingramii, L.-c. Canhamiana, L.-c. Hyeana, L.-c. Doris,
L.-c. Statteriana, and L.-c. Wellsiana; also Cattleya x Iris, C. x Niobe,
C. X Clarkie, and C. X Lord Rothschild. . Adjoining these we noticed a
lovely lot of Dendrobium Phalznopsis in flower, showing great variety in
colour, and fully demonstrating its usefulness during late autumn. The
next compartment was given over entirely to Dendrobiums. This house is
span-roofed and fairly lofty. The appearance of the plants showed that
the conditions had evidently suited them, as. was shown by the fine, sturdy
and healthy lot of pseudobulbs made during the growing season. Those
calling for comment were D. nobile, D. Wardianum, D. aureum, and a fine
lot of the better known hybrids.

The next house entered contained a superb lot of Cypripedium hybrids
and species, amongst which we noticed some choice things. Mention may
be made of the following: C. xX aureum Cyrus, C. x Hyeanum, C. X
Baron Schréder, C. X Euryades magnificum, C. * Maudie, C. x Milo,
C. X Minos, C. x Mrs. W. Mostyn, C. x Pollettianum magnificum, C. X
Queen of Italy, and lastly a choice lot of unflowered crosses.

Amongst a batch of C. Spicerianum showing flower, a piece of C.
Charlesworthii was seen flowering in the same receptacle, and as no one
seemed to know how it got there, it really suggests that the latter must
have been imported with the C. Spicerianum.

To see a fine lot of Vanda ccerulea in good health at any time is some-
thing worth seeing, but to see a large house full of this lovely Orchid is
something to remember. Messrs. J. W. Moore have made a speciality of
importing Vanda ccerulea, and dispose of several thousands yearly. About
two hundred of the established plants were throwing up their spikes, some
with three and four, and two fine plants we noticed had seven and eight.
What a sight for the Orchid enthusiast, when in their beauty !

The adjoining compartment was filled with unflowered Cattleya
Mendelii, all of which looked vigorous and healthy.

We next visited the Odontoglossum house; and on entering remarked
on the fine healthy appearance of the plants. They had just recently been
potted, in Osmunda fibre, surfaced with moss, and from the vigorous
appearance of the young growths this material is to be recommended as 4
potting medium. I have had occasion to use it largely in conjunction
with Polypodium fibre, this last two years, and find it suits the Cattleyas,
Lelias, and hybrids, Dendrobiums and Odontoglossums; so much so, that
peat and leafy soil are now seldom used.

Mr. Mansell, the new manager, who until recently was with Messts-
Charlesworth & Co., is quite in raptures with this material, and predicts 4
great future for it as a compost for Orchids.

J. Mackay.

*
NovVEMBER, 1906. | THE ORCHID REVIEW. 337

ONCIDIUM CANDIDUM.

THis is a very distinct and graceful little species, which we believe is not
common in cultivation, though the annexed figure will show that it is well
worthy of more attention. The figure is reproduced from a photograph,
taken by Mr. C. P. Raffil, of a plant which recently flowered at Kew, and
is about one-fourth natural size. It was originally discovered by Hartweg;
in Guatemala, in 1840, when collecting plants for the Horticultural Society,
and was described by Lindley in 1843 (Bot. Reg. xxv. Misc. p. 56), the
author remarking that he only possessed a sketch, he having lost the
specimen, while the plant had disappeared. Twenty years later Reichenbach

M CANDIDUM.
Fig. 44. ONCIDIUM CAND

described it under the name of Palumbina candida, from a plant which
flowered in the collection of Consul Schiller, of Hamburg (Walp. A nn. Vi. p-
699), and this plant, it appears, was obtained from Messrs. Loddiges on =
breaking up of their collection. It was also figured under this name in t :
Botanical Magazine (t. 5546), from a plant which flowered in the epee
John Day, Esq., when Mr. Bateman stated that the original one oh ae
With Messrs, Loddiges, and that the stock introduced by Hartweg _

Probably been lost, owing to being kept too warm, as it was easy to grow In

4 moderate temperature.

328 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [NovemBER, 1906.

It is now generally known as Oncidium candidum, and is placed in
Lindley’s group Tetrapetala macropetala, yet it is quite an andémalous
species, totally unlike any other, and its nearest affinity is still uncertain.
Although the figure is much reduced, the shape of the flower is clearly seen,
and it is only necessary to add that the colour is milk white, with a small
yellow tuberculate crest.

SOCIETIES.
Cae RoyaL. HORTICULTURAL.
A MEETING was held at the Royal Horticultural Hall, Vincent ‘Square,
Westminster, on October 9th, when there was a fine display of Orchids, and
the awards consisted of three Medals, two First-class Certificates, one
Cultural Commendation, and five Awards of Merit.

R. I. Measures, Esq., Cambridge Lodge, Camberwell (gr. Mr. Smith),
staged an excellent group, to which a Silver Banksian Medal was awarded.
Prominent in the centre was a fine example of Oncidium ornithorhynchum
album with several spikes, side by side with the typical form. There were
also Lzlio-cattleya Perrilosa (L. Perrinii x C. granulosa), L.-c. tene-
Gottoi (L. tenebrosa X L.-c. Gottoiana), both of which are described on
another page, L.-c. Parysatis, Cattleya x Mrs. J. W. Whiteley, C. labiata,
C. Bowringiana, C. x Ariel, C. Warscewiczii, Lelia Dayana delicata,
Stelis pubescens, Pleurothallis lateritia, Masdevallia simula, Phalenopsis
violacea, Odontoglossum crispum, Cypripedium insigne Enrnesti, C.
Godefroy leucochilum, C. x Janus, and C. x C. Richman, the whole
forming a most interesting exhibit. .

J. Bradshaw, Esq., The Grange, Southgate (gr. Mr. Whitelegge), showed
the handsome new Cymbidium erythrostylum (Rolfe), which gained a First-
class Certificate. It has white flowers, the sepals and petals having aslight
blush tint, with some light rose spots at the base, the petals being extended
over the column. The lip is three-lobed, with a short front lobe, the colour
yellowish, with many close red lines, and the column bright crimson. The
flowers are borne on arched spikes, each spike bearing from three to seven,
and the foliage is very graceful. Mr. Bradshaw also exhibited Lalio-
cattleya G. G. Whitelegge (L.-c. callistoglossa x C. Hardyana), this gaining
an Award of Merit. It was a large and remarkably handsome hybrid,
having white sepals and petals, tinged with lilac, and the lip very broad,
dark claret-purple in colour, with a narrow lavender-coloured margin, and
some orange lines at the base.

J. Gurney Fowler, Esq., Glebelands, South Woodford (gr. Mr. Davis),
also showed a fine example of Cymbidium erythrostylum, described above;
with four spikes, bearing an aggregate of 23 flowers. A First-Class Certificate
was awardcd.

Ae BS tag Se le hes ONE ns i

NovEMBER, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 339

H. T. Pitt, Esq., Rosslyn, Stamford Hill (gr. Mr. Thurgood), obtained
a First-class Certificate for Cattleya X Mrs. J. W. Whiteley, Rosslyn variety
(Bowringiana X Hardyana), a large and handsome flower, with magenta-
rose sepals and petals, and the lip dark ruby with gold lines at the base.
The plant had one spike of ten flowers. ;

Jeremiah Colman, Esq., Gatton Park, Reigate (gr. Mr. Bound), sent
Lelio-cattleya Goodyi (C. Wendlandiana x L.-c. Clive var. broomfieldiensis),
having handsome rose-coloured flowers, with a very dark rich claret lip,
veined with gold at the base; C. X McMastere (Schilleriana X Mendelii),
a large flower, white, tinged with rose, and the lip white at the base, the
isthmus yellow, and the front rose-purple; also Leelio-cattleya Phryne,
Gatton Park variety (L. xanthina X C. Warscewiczii), having very
shapely flowers, with light canary-yellow sepals and petals, the front of the
lip dark rose, and the disc yellow. To the last an Award of Merit was
given.

De B. Crawshay, Esq., Rosefield, Sevenoaks (gr. Mr. Stables), showed
Odontoglossum xX Una (crispum xX nevadense rosefieldiense), having white
flowers, blotched with brown on the sepals, petals, and the basal half of the
fringed lip; the fine Miltonia x Bluntii rosefieldiensis, and the handsome M.
Clowesii rosefieldiensis, having the sepals and petals Indian yellow with
broad chestnut bands, and the lip tinted with lilac at the base, the colour
changing to white on the broad front lobe. An Award of Merit was given
to the last named.

H. S. Goodson, Esq., Fairlawn, Putney (gr. Mr. Day), sent a fine

“example of Cattleya <x Wendlandiana, C. X Goossensiana, and the large

Cypripedium x H. S. Goodson (Swinburnei X T. B. Haywood).

A. Huth, Esq., Oakley House, Putney (gr. Mr. Fisher), showed a
magnificent specimen of Odontoglossum grande, bearing five spikes, with
an aggregate of twenty-three flowers, for which a Cultural Commendation
was given.

Major G. L. Holford, C.I-E.,; C.V.O., Westonbirt, Tetbury (gr. Mr.
Alexander), exhibited the curious Brassocattleya Digbyano-Forbesit, having
greenish flowers slightly marked with purple; and a very fine specunas of
a handsome light-coloured form of Cattleya x Hardyana, bearing six flowers
on one spike and four on another. The plant, which was in very fine
condition, had been grown from a very poor specimen. A Cultural
Commendation was given.

E. Roberts, Esq., Park Lodge,
large and handsome Cypripedium X bingleyense super Nae

F. Wellesley, Esq., Westfield, Woking (gr. Mr. Hopkins), exh ve
Cattleya x Mantinii, The Premier, having large and well-shaped bright
Tose flowers, with a rich ruby lip lined with gold at the base ; and Cattleya

Eltham (gr. Mr. Carr), showed the
bum.

340 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [NovEMBER, 1906.

x Mrs. Frederick Knollys (granulosa Buyssonsiana X Bowringiana),
having broad and expanded rose-purple sepals and petals, and the lip
nearly entire, deep purple, with a pale undulate margin and a few purple
lines on the disc.

Messrs. Sander & Sons, St. Albans, obtained a Silver Flora Medal for a
fine group, containing several good forms of Cattleya x Hardyana, in-
cluding part of the original plant, C. x Boadicea, C. x Pittiana, C. X
Ella, C. x _ bellatula (Warscewiczii xX Iris), closely resembling C.
Warscewiczii, but with a trumpet-shaped lip, C. Gaskelliana alba, C.
Warscewiczii Sanderiana, Vanda Sanderiana, Lelia Perrinii, Catasetum
macrocarpum, C. maculatum, Miltonia vexillaria Lawrenceana, with a
strongly-marked dark crimson blotch at the base of the lip, M. x Bluntii
Lubbersiana, Lelio-cattleya Ascania, Stelis pubescens, Lycaste Skinneri
alba, Odontoglossum xX amabile bella, having clear white flowers hand-
somely blotched with claret-purple, O. tripudians var., Cypripedium
Fairrieanum, C. xX Niobe, C. insigne Laura Kimball, C. i. Chantini
Lindeni, C. i. Sandere, Seraphyta multiflora, Brassocattleya heatonensis,
Bulbophyllum odoratissimum, Lezelio-cattleya flavina (C. flava x L. pumila),
L.-c. bletchleyensis, and a fine mottled L.-c. Henry Greenwood,
Dendrobium ciliatum, Vanda Kimballiana, and two good V. Sanderiana.

Messrs. Heath & Sons, Cheltenham, staged an excellent group, con-
sisting chiefly of Dendrobium Phalznopsis, with a few var. Statterianum,
together with D. formosum, six examples of Cypripedium insigne,
Cattleya x Mantinii, and others. A Silver Banksian Medal was awarded.

Messrs. Hugh Low & Co., Enfield, showed the handsome Cattleya x
Pittiana Low’s var. (Schofieldiana X Dowiana aurea), having the sepals
and petals rich rose, with an orange shade, the lip being also finely coloured.
An Award of Merit was given.

. Messrs. T. Rochford & Sons, Turnford, Cheshunt, exhibited Cattleya x

Hardyana, Our Queen, having cream-white sepals and petals, and a claret-
purple lip, finely veined with gold at the base. An Award of Merit was
given.

Messrs. Stanley & Co., Southgate, sent Miltonia Binoti. var. Harrisil,
having broad sepals and petals, closely barred with light brown, and a
finely expanded purple lip.

At the meeting held on October 23rd there was a remarkably fine
display of Orchids, and the awards consisted of one Gold and eight other
Medals, three First-class Certificates, two Awards of Merit, one Botanical
Certificate, and a Cultural Commendation.

Major G. L. Holford, C.1.E., C.V.O., Westonbirt, Tetbury (8! Mr.
Alexander), staged a magnificent group, to which the Society’s Gold Medal

See Saige yale NSO Came Sane yer

pp tre a bass renee see eee ey ee

_ group, to which a Silver Flora Medal
ation was given to about two dozen pots of the pretty bright scarlet

NovEMBER, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 341

was awarded. Prominent in the centre were some fine examples of
Oncidium varicosum, and with them were some showy forms of Cattleya
labiata, the variety alba being represented by a plant with three flowers
Among other Cattleyas were C. X Hardyana, C. Dowiana aurea; a group of
C. X Mantinii, and many fine varieties of C. x Lord Rothschild, one form
having the disc of the lip a rich shade of red-brown. Cypripediums were
well represented by a fine C. X Charlesianum, the large C. x Chapmanii,
superbum, C. X Niobe, C. X triumphans magnificum, C. xX Maudiz, C.
xX Leeanum, and its varieties, C. Fairrieanum, C. xX Draco (Euryades xX
insigne magnificum), and a remarkable series of varietiés of C. insigne, one
of the Harefield Hall variety having seven large flowers, and a plant of C. i.
Sandere bearing fourteen blooms. There were also Vanda Kimballiana,
V. coerulea, and other plants.

Jeremiah Colman, Esq., Gatton Park, Reigate (gr. Mr. Bound), received
a Silver-gilt Medal for a splendid group, containing a good series of the
white and coloured forms of Lelia pumila, L. p. superba and magnifica
being very fine, while the Gatton Park variety has white flowers with a
peculiar slate-blue front to the lip, and is very floriferous. In the group
were also Cattleya labiata, C. X Mantinii, C. Bowringiana, the home-raised
C. X Browniz (figured at page 345), Cypripediums, Odontoglossums, and
other plants.

Sir Frederick Wigan, Bart., Clare Lawn, East Sheen (gr. Mr. Young),
staged an excellent group, to which a Silver Flora Medal was awarded.
Some fine forms of Cattleya labiata were seen, the best being C. I. Cook-
sone, the violet lip having a broad white margin. There were also
Saccolabium calceolare, Brassia Lawrenceana longissima, the almost white
Lelia Perrinii leucophea, Sophrocattleya Chamberlainiana, Cattleya xX
Portia, Odontoglossum crispum Sir Frederick, having many light brown
blotches on its white flowers, and Cypripedium X Marjorie (Lecanum x
insigne sylhetense). A First-class Certificate was given to the beautiful
hybrid Cypripedium x Muriel Hollington (niveum X insigne).

H. S. Goodson, Esq., Fairlawn, Putney (gr. Mr. Day), gained a Silver
Flora Medal for a fine group, containing Cattleya labiata, Miltonia spect-
abilis Moreliana, Cypripedium X Maudie, C. Fairrieanum, C. insigne
Sander, C. i. Harefield Hall var., C. X H. S. Goodson, and the handsome
Cattleya x Octave Doin, var. Herbert Goodson (Mendelii X Dowiana

_ aurea), which gained a First-class Certificate. This has broad white sepals

and petals, delicately mottled with lavender, and the finely crimped lip,
ctimson-purple in front, while the disc is orange, lined with red at the back.

Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., Burford (gr. Mr. White), showed a fine
was awarded. A Cultural Commend-

342 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [NOVEMBER, 1906.

Habenaria militaris, in perfect condition, each bearing one to three spikes.
There were also some good Miltonias, and several forms of Lelia pumila,
L. p. delicatissima being a fine white flower with a slight blush tint.

R. I. Measures, Esq., Cambridge Lodge, Camberwell (gr. Mr. Smith),
received a Silver Banksian Medal for an excellent group, including a very
fine example of Cypripedium X Charles Richman, C. insigne Ernesti, C. i.
Miss Corbett, Pleurothallis scapha, P. cardium, and P. velaticaulis, the
latter, a floriferous species, about a foot high and bearing erect spikes of
pale green fragrant flowers, receiving a Botanical Certificate. |

G. F. Moore, Esq., Chardwar, Bourton-on-the-Water (gr. Mr. Page),
received an Award of Merit for Dendrobium Phalaenopsis var. Phyllis
Moore, a shapely flower, white in colour, with the disc of the lip faint pink.

k. G. Thwaites, Esq., Streatham (gr. Mr. Black), showed several good
Cattleya x Iris, C. x Robert de Wavrin (Schroederee X Schilleriana), with
rose-coloured flowers resembling the latter species, Lzlio-cattleya Ophir,
and Brassocattleya Mrs. J. Leemann inversa (B. Digbyana x C. Dowiana
aurea). The last-named, which obtained an Award of Merit, is said to be
the first Brassocattleya with B. Digbyana as the seed-parent. The sepals
and petals are sulphur-yellow, the disc of the lip bright yellow, marked in
front with rosy lilac, and prettily fringed, while the base is lined with dark
reddish purple. :

De B. Crawshay, Esq., Rosefield, Sevenoaks (gr. Mr. Stables), showed
Odontoglossum X Urania (crispum x cristatellum), having cream-white
flowers blotched with purple brown, the fine dark Miltonia spectabilis
nigrescens and M.s. rosefieldensis, both of the Morcliana type, and Odonto-
glossum crispum Angel, with broad segments bearing clusters of purple
spots.

J. Gurney Fowler, Esq., Glebelands, S. Woodford (gr. Mr. Davis),
showed the handsome Cypripedium x Troilus, in colour yellow, with the
upper half of the dorsal sepal white.

HB. T. Pitt, Esq., Rosslyn, Stamford Hill (gr. Mr. Thurgood), exhibited
Brasso-epidendrum stamfordiense (E. Parkinsonianum x B. glauca),
having a curious greenish-white flower.

The Marquis de Wavrin, Somerghem, Belgium (gr. M. de Geest), sent
Cattleya x Wildemanii (velutina x Trianz alba), having white sepals and
petals, and the lip veined with rose, and two forms of C. x Robert de
Wavrin (Schroedere x Schilleriana), the flower of which is white, tinged
with rose, and with rose-purple markings on the lip.

Messrs. Charlesworth & Co., Heaton, Bradford, obtained the award of
a Silver-gilt Flora Medal for a splendid group, chiefly of showy hybrids,
including Lelio-cattleya Issy, L.-c. luminosa, Cattleya x Mantinii, C- x
F. W. Wigan, C. x Octave Doin, C. x Vulcani, C. labiata, Odontoglossum

Novemper, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 343

x Hallio-crispum, O. nebulosum, Brassocattleyas, and other fine autumn-
blooming plants.

Messrs. J. Cypher & Sons, Cheltenham, secured a Silver Flora Medal for
a large and well-arranged group, containing a series of Cypripedium
Fairrieanum bearing many flowers, C. X triumphans Westonbirt var., C.
insigne varieties, C. X Charles Richman, C. X Lathamianum giganteum,
Dendrobium formosum giganteum, D. Phalznopsis, Cattleya Dowiana
aurea, C. D. chrysotoxa, C. labiata varieties, C. X Mantinii nobilior,
Vanda ccerulea, Lelio-cattleyas, and other plants.

Messrs. Hugh Low & Co., Bush Hill Park, staged a good group, con-
taining Warscewiczella velata, Miltonia X Binoti, Odontoglossum grande,
some good varieties of Cattleya labiata, including the white-petalled var. G.
G. Whitelegge, C. X Mantinii, and other good things. A Silver Banksian
Medal was awarded. ;

M. A. A. Peeters, Brussels, sent the large and handsome Cattleya xX
Mantinii fastuosa, C. x Hardyana alba, and C. labiata Peeters’ variety.
The last, a remarkably handsome variety, having the flowers almost
uniformly rose-purple, streaked with white, received a First-class
Certificate.

Messrs. Edgar & Co., Montrose, South Woodford, staged a good group.

Messrs. Heath & Son, Cheltenham, showed a small group of Den-
drobium Phalznopsis Statterianum, hybrid Cypripediums, Lelio-cattleya
bletchleyensis, and other plants. a

Messrs. Lager & Hurrell, Summit, New Jersey, U.S.A., exhibited
Cattleya X Ballantiniana. rages

Mr. J. E. Sadler, Beedon, Newbury, Berkshire, sent Cypripedium X
Germaine Opoix var. Gaston Bultel, a large and well-shaped flower which
is figured at page 137 of our last volume.

DIPLOMA AWARDS. :

THE subjects of the special competition on this date were Laelia pumila, L.
Dayana, and Cattleya Dowiana, with their hybrids, and the following
awards were made :—

Lara pumiLa.—First Diploma to L. pumila superba ;
Diploma to L. pumila Gatton Park var., both from Jeremiah Colman, Esq.

CatrLEva Dow1ANna.—First Diploma to C. Dowiana aurea Westfield
Beauty, from Francis Wellesley, Esq. It is a charming light yellow form,
mottled with rose at the margin, and the lip claret purple, veined with
yellow to within half an inch of the apex.

C. Dow1ana Hysrips.—First Diploma to Cattleya x gasie Doin var.
Herbert Goodson, from H. S. Goodson, Esq. ; Second Diploma to C. X
Mantinii superba, from Jeremiah Colman, Esq.

Second

S44 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [NovEMBER, 1906.

MANCHESTER AND NORTH OF ENGLAND ORCHID.

A meeting of this Society was held at the Coal Exchange, Manchester,
on October 11th, when there was a fine display of plants, and the awards
included five Medals, five Awards of Merit. and two Cultural Certificates.
The members of the Committee present, were:—E. Ashworth, Esq.,
Chairman, and Messrs. R. Ashworth, F. Sander, H. Thorp, A. J. Keeling,
E. Rogers, A. Warburton, W. Stevens, Dr. Ritchie, J. Cypher, J. C.
Cowan, F. Ashton, C. Parker, J. E. Williamson, and P. Weathers
(Hon. Sec.).

W. Thompson, Esq., Stone (gr. Mr. Stevens), received a Silver Medal
for achoice group, a Cultural Certificate for Odontoglossum crispum var.
Belle, and Awards of Merit for C. x Rolfez war. leopardinum, Cypripedium
x Cybele Walton var., and C. X Nora (tonsum X Harrisianum).

W. Laverton, Esq., Nantwich (gr. Mr. Smith), staged an interesting
group, to which a Bronze Medal was given. *

G. W. Jessop, Esq., Leeds, obtained a Vote of Thanks for an interest-
ing group, and an Award of Merit for the handsome Aérides Lawrenceanum.

A. J. Oakshott, Esq., received a Cultural Certificate for Odontoglossum
grande. .

Messrs. James Cypher & Sons, Cheltenham, staged a bright and
attractive group, which received a Silver Medal, while an Award of Merit
was given to Burlingtonia candida var. gigantea.

Messrs. A. J. Keeling & Sons and Mr. W. B. Upjohn each received a
Bronze Medal, while Mr. D. McLeod and Messrs. J. W. Moore were
accorded Votes of Thanks, for interesting groups.

CATTLEYA x LUCIENIANA.

WHEN writing my recent notes on the above (pp. 208, 251) I overlooked, as
I am reminded by Mr. Crawshay, another hybrid said to have the same
parentage, namely, Cattleya x Pitti, which. received a First-class Certifi-
cate from the R.H.S. on May 23rd, 1905, when exhibited by H. T. Pitt,
Esq. It was described as ‘‘ a handsome thing, having purple-rose undulate
sepals and petals, with a few brown spots, and a whitish lip closely striated
with dark rose” (O. R. xiii. p. ry). It is not stated whether it is a natura
or an artificial hybrid, nor is there any further clue as to its history, though
presumably this could be traced. If a natural hybrid, it may have come
out of the same importation as one of those previously mentioned as C. x
Lucieniana, and at all events may be considered as a form of it from the
Sass district. It would be interesting to have this point cleared up.

NOVEMBER, I

~

=
J00,

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

CATTLEYA x BROWNIZ.

HE annexed figure represents a beautiful flower of Cattleya x I

(Bowringiana X Harrisoniana), being reproduced, |
graph, taken by Mr. W. P. Bound, of a seedling raised in
Jeremiah Colman, Esq., Gatton Park, Reigate. It is
hybrid, of excellent shape, having rosy purple s

darker, very undulate, nearly entire lip, with some light
raised by Messrs. Sand
and C. Bowringiana ¢

i

Pe yell
C. X Brownie was originally rai

Harrisoniana ? and received an

ife size,

;
sepals and petals, a

ler and So

til ch

ida
yn the

Fig. 45. CATTLEYA

<x BROWNI.
from the R.H.S. on October 9

t
these pages (O.R. ii. p.

h, 1894, at which time it was
22
Esq., of St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.A. Mr. Bound’s seedling appe
been derived from the reverse cross

The hybrids of C. Bowringiana are becoming fal
form a very useful group for autumn blooming, as they
habit and floriferousness of that parent, with an enlarg
frequently an

improvement in colour, in the flower.
improvem ;

I le
334). It was dedicated to the wife of D.
NY

‘ribed in

Pon <"rTT
sown,

“3

vi

346 THE ORCHID REVIEW. (NOVEMBER, 1906.

ORCHIDS FOR AMATEURS.

Ir has several times been suggested that an Amateur’s page would be an
acceptable feature of the Review, this being specially devoted to those who
have only a small house, and attend to their plants for the most part them-
selves. If some amateur of this kind who has gained sufficient experience
could be induced to conduct such a page its success would probably be
assured. But the most experienced were beginners once, and although the
writer long ago passed the initiatory stage, he will endeavour to keep in
view those early days in writing the following notes for beginners in
Orchid culture.

There is no need to dilate on their beauty and attractiveness, for these
are already known, and there are few possessors of a glass house who have
not at some time or other wished to try their hand at this fascinating
family of plants, but have hesitated, perhaps, because of the supposed
difficulties in their culture, or because they were thought to be very
expensive plants to grow. The former point has sometimes been unduly
magnified, especially when, as sometimes happens, a few Orchids have been
introduced among ordinary greenhouse plants, and have not fulfilled
expectations. The fact is the two require somewhat different treatment,
and the conditions of the house can hardly be arranged to suit both at the
same time.

Nor is there in most cases any need to build a special Orchid house, if
there is already some house that can be adapted to the purpose. Orchids
may be grown successfully in a house of almost any shape, height, or
aspect, if itis properly shaded and ventilated. Of course there must be
some means of heating it when required, and these three essentials being
secured the rest is easy. The secret of successful Orchid culture is the
provision of a suitable atmosphere, and it has been maintained that an
Orchid grower can tell when the conditions are suitable by its effect on
himself on entering the house. This, however, is probably the result of
experience, and the beginner will be well advised if he keeps a sharp eye 0?
the thermometer, the shading, and the arrangements for keeping a suitably
moist atmosphere. ,

One of the first points in converting an ordinary greenhouse into an
Orchid house is to see that the ventilators, top and bottom, are arranged s0
that an even temperature cam be secured. The top ventilators should be
in the highest part of the roof, and the bottom as near the ground 4s
possible, say within a foot from the floor. Side ventilators on a level with
the stages are unsuitable for Orchids, and any such should be permanently
fastened up, and replaced by ventilating traps near the ground, as
recommended, Next attend to the shading. Movable blinds should be

a RE a: hs eae

cael

be
:
:
4

ee

a

.. Odontoglossum* citrosmum, Sobralia macrant

NOVEMBER, 1906. | THE ORCHID REVIEW. 347

employed. Permanent shading painted on the glass is bad, because it cuts
off the light in dull weather when its presence is beneficial. Lath
roller blinds are the most suitable, and those on the roof should run on
supports well above the glass, so as to allow a free current of air beneath.
These blinds must be let down whenever the sun is powerful enough to
injure the foliage, from spring to autumn. Next comes the provision for
watering and damping down, and for the former a good rain-water tank
within the house is almost indispensable, because the water is then of about
the same temperature as the atmosphere, and soft water only should be
used. Hard water might be used for damping the floors, walls, &c., in time
of scarcity. These arrangements being made, the grower will be able to
control the temperature and moisture of the atmosphere at all seasons in
accordance with the requirements of the plants.

Now comes the provision of a suitable staging, but first we may consider
what are the best plants to grow, and here one has to be guided largely by
circumstances, though the question of individual tastes also comes in. A
single house will generally be a Cool house, but if it can be divided bya
glass partition, and the piping arranged so that one half can be kept a few
degrees warmer than the other it will give a wider choice of varieties. It is
a good plan to commence with established plants if possible, as there is
the greater probability of their continuing to progress, and it is well not to
attempt too many kinds at first.

Odontoglossums may be mentioned first, as the most popular of Cool
house Orchids, and the most suitable kinds will include O. crispum,
Pescatorei, triumphans, luteo-purpureum, Hallii, cirrhosum, Rossii, and
Cervantesii, any or all of them, and a few others might easily be included.
Cypripediums should include C. insigne and any of its varieties that can be
secured, C. Spicerianum, Charlesworthii, and villosum, with the hybrids C-
sum. Masdevallias will include M. Veitchiana and

X nitens and C. x Leeanu
M. coccinea varieties, and Oncidiums, O. tigrinum, O. macranthum, and O.
erown kinds include the brilliant

varicosum. A few other showy and easily-g
Sophronitis grandiflora, Epidendrum vitellinum, Ada aurantiaca, Ccelogyne
cristata, Lelia pumila and L. Dayana, Anguloa Clowesil, Lycaste
Skinneri’ and L. cruenta, Cymbidium Lowianum, Zygopetalum inter-
and Dendrobium Jamesianum. Such a

medium, Maxillaria grandiflora, :
a good succession, too, if

selection will yield a fine display of bloom, and |
fairly treated. With the warmer division also available the following others
may be included:—Cattleya labiata, Mossie, Mendelii, Loddigesii,
intermedia, Skinneri, and citrina, Lelia purpurata, anceps and autumnalis,
a few of the Lelio-cattleyas, Cymbidium eburneum, Miltonia vexillaria,
ha and xantholeuca, and

Dendrobium thyrsiflorum, nobile and Wardianum, A.

348 THE.ORCHID REVIEW. [NOVEMBER, 1906.

ORCHIDS IN SEASON.

A REMARKABLY fine form of Cattleya x Mrs. J. W. Whiteley is sent from
the collection of G. H. Peace, Esq., Monton Grange, Eccles, near
Manchester. The plant is said to have been bought as an unflowered
hybrid from C. Bowringiana X Hardyana, and to resemble the seed parent
in habit. The first spike produced two flowers, one of which is sent: The
petals are over two inches broad and have a total expanse of 63 inches, their
colour being brilliant rose-purple. The front lobe of the lip is a shade
under two inches broad, undulate, and of the darkest purple-crimson, the
rest being rather lighter, with a pair of large yellow blotches in the throat.

Flowers of four Paphiopedilum seedlings are sent from the collection of
E. F. Clark, Esq., Chamounix, Teignmouth. Three are derived from
P. Charlesworthii, though, unfortunately, in two cases there is a little doubt
about the second parent. One is supposed to be P. Charlesworthii X
Harrisianum, and thus would be a form of C. X bingleyense. This seems
likely, for the petals and lip are light shining brown, and the hairs of the
ovary well developed, though not nearly as long as in villosum. The dorsal
sepal is reflexed at the sides, veined and prettily suffused with rose, while
there is a similar tint at the apex of the petals, and on the broadly dilated
staminode. A second is supposed to be P. X Swanianum xX Charles-
worthii, which is possible, as the hairs of the petals are rather long, an
there is a certain resemblance to P. x Helen (Dayanum X Charlesworthii),
though it is not so good in colour. It has flowered in the autumn of 1904
and 1905. A third is P. Charlesworthii x Lathamianum, and thus isa
form of P. x Rappartii. It shows its origin very clearly, having a large,
orbicular, strongly reflexed dorsal sepal, strongly suffused with rose, and
showing a light purple median band, while the petals and lip are shining
brown, and the staminode white, with a prominent yellow tooth in the
centre. The fourth is a P. venustuin cross, and P. X Lathamianum is
supposed to have been the second parent, which seems likely from the white
apex to the dorsal sepal, and the shining green and brown lip.

Flowers of the handsome Epidendrum atropurpureum are sent from
collection of Mrs. Fielden, Grimston Park, Tadcaster, by Mr. Clayton, who
stated that the pseudobulbs were found among some plants of Cattleya
Harrisoniana imported direct two or three years ago. The species ie:
rather widely diffused, and the Brazilian form is known as vat. Randil.
Flowers of the Cattleya Harrisoniana are also enclosed.

A flower of Paphiopedilum x Krishna, noted at page 351 of our twelfth
volume, is sent from the collection of F. H. Moore, Esq., Royal Infirmary,
Liverpool. It was derived from P. tonsum and P. insigne Sandere, and has
probably a more yellow ground colour than the original form, which we

the

NovEMBER, 1906. ] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 349

have not seen. The flower is yellowish green, slightly suffused with
purple, and dotted with brown on the lower part of the petals and the
dorsal sepal, the margin of the latter being white. It may be called P. x
Krishna var. Moorei.

Several very beautiful flowers are sent from the collection of J. H.
Grogan, Esq., Slaney Park, Baltinglass (gr. Mr. Cooper). They are hybrids
of Cattleya Bowringiana, which, like their parent, are very useful during
the autumn. Two seedlings from Laelia Dayana x C. Bowringiana are
forms of Leelio-cattleya Meteor, originally raised in the collection of
C. L. N. Ingram, Esq., Godalming. They are fairly intermediate in
character, but in one the dark lip of L. Dayana has come out in a very
effective way. The others are the beautiful Cattleya x Mrs. J. W.
Whiteley (x Hardyana 3), C. x Clytie (velutina 3), and C. X Rothwelliz
(Eldorado 3). The latter is a seedling raised in the collection and now
flowering for the first time, but of course is a form of the American hybrid
mentioned, whose history was given at pp. 35, 43, of our tenth volume.

THE HYBRIDIST.

OponToGLossumM X UNA.—This'is a very distinct and pretty hybrid, raised
in the collection of De Barri Crawshay, Esq., Rosefield, Sevenoaks, from
O. crispum ¢ xX O. nevadense rosefieldiense ¢, and exhibited at the
R.H.S. meeting on October gth. Mr. Crawshay, in sending a flower,
writes that it was the only seedling saved out of the pod, and that the cross
was made seven and a quarter years ago. He also remarks that both plant
and spike are most like the pollen parent, and the same might be said of
the flower. The sepals are light brown, with a light yellow tip and margin,
and the petals brown with an elongated yellow basal blotch divided. by a
brown line. The lip is light yellow, with several brown blotches round the
crest, and the column wings very narrow and serrulate. It is the first hybrid
from O. nevadense. ; .

OpontocLossuM X UraniA.—Another very interesting hybrid raised
by Mr. Crawshay, from O. crispum ¢ X cristatellum ¢. Mr. Crawshay
remarks that the seed was sown in March, 1902, and the first spike has
Produced nine flowers, fairly intermediate in character. The ground
colour of the flower is light yellow, with a largish brown blotch near the
apex and another below the middle, and a few small blotches on the petals.
The lip is rather narrow, and bears a spiny crest with a large dark brown
blotch in front, and the column wings are well developed and denticulate.
As in the case of O. x waltonense, the effect of the crispum influence oo
been to break up the solid brown blotches of the sepals more than might
have been expected.

350 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [ NOVEMBER, 1906.

BRASSOCATTLEYA XX DiGBYANo-ForBEsiI.—This very distinct. and:

striking bybrid was exhibited at the R.H.S. meeting held on October gth,

by Major G. L. Holford, Westonbirt, Tetbury (gr. Mr. Alexander). It is
fairly intermediate in character, having oblong sepals and petals, 2} inches
long, pale greenish in colour, and a broad, strongly 3-lobed, fringed lip o
similar tint, with a slight suffusion of pink and a few purple streaks on the
disc. The Forbesii character comes out very strongly in the lip, and the

hybrid is very distinct from those derived from the labiata group of.

Cattleyas.

LmLio-CcATTLEYA PERRILOSA.—A hybrid raised in the collection of R. I.
Measures, Esq., Cambridge Lodge, Camberwell, from Lelia Perrin ?
and Cattleya granulosa 3, which was exhibited at the R.H.S meeting on
October gth last. A flower sent by Mr. Smith shows that the hybrid has
retained largely the shape of the pollen parent, with a more membranous
texture and different colour. The sepals and petals are light purple,
24 inches long, and the lip very strongly three-lobed, with whitish side
lobes, and an unguiculate, suborbicular front lobe about an inch broad.

L&LIO-CATTLEYA TENEGOTTOI.—This was purchased as a seedling from
Lalia tenebrosa X Lzlio-cattleya Gottoiana, but otherwise has the same
history as the preceding. The flower is most comparable with L.-c.
Gottoiana, being large, and rosy purple, with a darker entire lip, and a pair
of faint yellow eyes in the throat. The pollen parent is a natural hybrid
between Lelia tenebrosa and Cattleya Warneri, and, assuming the
parentage to be correctly recorded, the influence of the original Cattleya
parentage is retained more than might have been anticipated.

CYPRIPEDIUM x DISCOLOR.
Ir may be remembered that when writing an account of Mr. Warner's
hybrid Cypripedes (O.R. xiii. p. 292) we remarked that C. X discolor
appeared to have been completely lost sight of, in reply to which the late
Mr. Reginald Young wrote that he had the plant, and promised to send a
flower at the first opportunity (I.c. p. 349). The promise has been carried
out by Mrs. Young, who has kindly sent a flower and leaf. As this is the
only one of the series which has not been figured, a short description may

be interesting. It shows very clearly its C. venustum origin, and the leaf.

agrees better with that parent than do any of.the others, as it is completely
marbled with purple spots beneath, while the upper surface is dull
glaucous green, rather dark in colour, with traces of the typical venustum
markings. The flower is most comparable with C. x chloroneurum, but 1s
much darker. The dorsal sepal is ovate, somewhat reflexed at the sides, 40
inch and a half long, with about fifteen very dark purple bands, which

Novemprr, 1905.) § THE ORCHID REVIEW. 351

become green at the apex and extreme base. The ground colour is white
at the apex, while the lower half is suffused with brown. The petals have
much of the venustum character, being spreading, 2} inches long, and
shining copper-purple at the apex, with darker veins, which become light
green at the base, and there are about twenty small dark spots on the upper
side of the basal half. The lip is suffused with purple brown in front, but
otherwise much as in C. venustum. The scape is dark purple in colour,
and more villous than in C. venustum, and it is pretty clear in this case,
too, that C. x Harrisianum was the second parent. It is interesting to be
able to compare this plant with the others, and as it was purchased from
Mr. B. S. Williams in November, 188g, it is evidently authentic.

NOTES.

Two meetings of the R.H.S. will be held at the Royal Horticultural Hall,
Vincent-square, Westminster, during November, on the 6th and 2oth, when
the Orchid Committee will meet at the usual hour, 12 o’clock noon. The
subjects for the Special Diploma Competition are as follows :—Nov. 6th,
Dendrobium Phalznopsis, Cattleya labiata, and Sophronitis grandiflora,
with their respective hybrids; Noy. 2oth, Cypripedium Fairrieanum and
its hybrids.

The Manchester and North of England Orchid Society will hold meet-
ings in the Coal Exchange, Manchester, on November 8th and 22nd. The
Committee meets at noon and the exhibits are open to inspection from 1 to
3 o'clock p.m.

With reference to the seedling Odontoglossum X Humeanum, men-
tioned on page 299, Mr. F. H. Moore writes, from Liverpool, to say that he
has now fat capsules on Odontoglossum citrosmum X cordatum and the
reverse cross, also O. citrosmum on O. maculatum, and a nice batch of
seediings of Dendrobium Devonianum X D. nobile Heathii. All are
interesting, and the success of the latter should be insured. We have no
record of another cross with D. Devonianum.

A recent issue of the Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington
_ Contains (vol. xi. pp. 143-153) descriptions of eighteen new Philippine
Species of Acoridium, by Mr. Oakes Ames. They will be illustrated in the
work, Orchidacez, being issued from the Ames Botanical Laboratory. The
Species of this genus seem to be particularly numerous in the Philippines.
Messrs. JAMES VEITCH & Sons, Lrp.—We regret to learn that the

lilness of Mr. James H. Veitch necessitates his relinquishing active work
indefinitely. Mr. Harry J. Veitch, who was for so many years head of the

352 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [NOVEMBER, 1906,

firm, but retired some years since, has again returned to the position of
managing director.

Writing on the question of the somewhat indefinite colouring seen in
many hybrids, as mentioned by Mr. Black at page 310, a correspondent
writes :—‘‘I have never been a great admirer of hybrids, holding that, as a
rule, one or the other parent is superior in beauty to the offspring, but
admitting that there are some very important exceptions.”

And he adds :—‘‘ I should like to see those who now hybridise turn their
attention to species, and try to raise Cattleya Trianz, C. Mossiz, Lelia
purpurata, and others, from parents of the best forms. _I believe that this
would pay in the long run, and perhaps better than hybrids.”’

ORCHID PORTRAITS.

BULBOPHYLLUM VIRESCENS, J. J. Smith.—Gard. Chron., 1906, ii. p. 261,
with suppl. plate.

CaTTLEyA DowiAna Rosita.—Fourn. Hort., 1906, ii. p. 388, with fig.

CHLOR#&A VIRESCENS, Lindl.—Bot. Mag., t. 8100.

CYMBIDIUM ERYTHROSTYLUM, Rolfe.—Gard. Chron., 1906, ii. p. 286, fig.
115; Journ. Hort., 1906, i. p. 361, with fig.; Gard. Mag., 1906, pp. 697,
711, with fig.

CymBipiuM LowiAnumM.—fourn. Hort., 1906, ii. pp. 316, 317, with
fig.

CYPRIPEDIUM X FLETCHERIANUM.—Gaurd. Chron., 1906, ii. p. 254; fig.
103; Journ. Hort., 1906, ii. p. 339, with fig.

L#LIO-CATTLEYA BLETCHLEYENSIS.—Gartenfl., 1906, p. 505, t. 1555:

ODONTOGLOSSUM CRISPUM ILLUSTRATUM.—Gard. World, 1906, p- 749
with fig. :

ODONTOGLOssUM N2&vIUM, Lindl.—Bot. Mag., t. 8097.

ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS.

[Orchids are named and questions answered here as far as possible. Correspondents aré
requested to give the native country or parentage of plants sent. An ADDRESSED postcard must be
sent if a reply by post is desired (abroad, reply postcards should be used). Subjects of special eagle:
will be dealt with in the body of the work},

H. J.C. Epidendrum atropurpureum.

J. F.S. Duly received, but too late for present issue.

G.H. J., J. W. M. Unavoidably postponed till next month.

J. M. Received with thanks.

F.B. We have already a very much longer list.

Photographs received with thanks.—J.G., E. A, F. W., A. D.

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CATTLEYA LAWRENCEANA.

nflowered established plants in sheaths selected
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Subscriptions for 1906 have expired.
Vor. XIV.) DECEMBER, 1go06. {No. oe

“THE

ORCHID REVIEW:

Hn Fllustrated Montbly Journal of Orchidology,

Contents.

, PAGE PAGE
Answers to Correspondents Fer 370 | Orchids at - airlawn, West Hill, Putney 353
Calendar of Operations for December... 370 | Orchids at Wilderspool, Warrington ... 359
Cattleya 7 - ig. 47) ... 368 | Orchids from Penarth wate
Pre 46) x Statteriana _ oculata Orchids in season . 374
(Fi ‘ é 2 ... 361 | Orchids in the open a air during y summer 373
Law- Scho fie id, On ae ‘the ‘Tate, a Rules of Botanical Nomenclature Het: 356
a Cross (/ rontispiece) i. 375 | mOcienes 362
o ses A lien 0 Manchester & North of Ex ngle ind ‘Orchid 369
Orchid Portraits... ee ees 376 | Royal Horticultural 362

Orchid Stud-Book ... Es te Bea SPO

ad TITLE PAGE, FRONTISHIECE. AND INDEX.

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THE ORGCHIDREVigW.

VoL. XIV.] DECEMBER, 1906. [No. 168.

ORCHIDS AT FAIRLAWN, WEST HILL, PUTNEY.

THE collection of Orchids formed by H. S. Goodson, Esq., at Fairlawn,
West Hill, Putney, is now five or six years old, but, although young, it is
one which is well known throughout the country, as Mr. Goodson has been
a frequent and most successful exhibitor at the meetings of the R.H.S., and
the collection is rich in certificated plants, more particularly in Cattleyas
and Lezelio-cattleyas, although other classes have also had a large share of
recognition. The collection is at present contained in four houses, all span
roofed, with centre and side-staging, and if any fault can be found with these,
it is that they do not run consistently due North and South, but are of
different aspects. The plants, however, seem perfectly happy, in many
instances being exceptionally vigorous, giving strong evidence that their
wants are well understood by Mr. G. Day, who has charge of them, and
who is an intelligent and thoroughly experienced Orchid grower.

The first house under notice is chiefly filled with Cypripediums and
Dendrobiums, the former occupying the side staging, while the latter are
arranged on the centre one. In this house were noted some good
specimens of C. x Morganie and, at the warmer end, C. Rothschildianum.
In flower were Selenipediums xX Sedeni candidulum and xX calurum, and
there was also a batch of Cypripedium Spicerianum in flower and bud,
which showed a considerable range of variety. There was also in flower
a dark C. purpuratum, while a nice batch of Calanthes were throwing up
A partition has been thrown across the

their spikes, and promising well.
1 division thus formed there have been

end of this house, and in the smal
placed hot cases, in which efforts are being made to raise seedlings, and
already some success has been achieved in this direction, a nice little lot of
Lzlio-cattleyas having been potted off. The Dendrobiums area. nice
representative lot, including X Juno, X melanodiscus, X Ainsworthii,
and most of the best known hybrids and species, but Mr. Day finds some
difficulty under their present arrangement in giving them the necessary
amount of light during the summer without injuring the Cypripediums.
The next house entered is filled with Cattleyas, Lzlio-cattleyas &c., the

384 THE ORCHID REVIEW. (DECEMBER, igo6.
roof as well as the staging being pretty well packed, and it will be possible
to note only a few of these. C. Harrisoniana var. H. S. Goodson, a very
fine rich variety, was carrying a pod, C. Schilleriana having been selected as
the pollen parent. This will make a very lovely hybrid. Hanging from
the roof was a nice thriving batch of Cypripedium Godefroye leucochilum,
among which was Goodson’s var., which received an Award of Merit this
year. Albino Cattleyas and Leelias are well represented, and the following
were noted in good condition in this house: L. majalis alba, C. Eldorado
alba, C. Gaskelliana alba, C. Mossize Wageneri Goodson’s var., now cut up
into three plants, and all doing well; C. intermedia alba (12 plants), also
nice batches of C. i. nivea, C. i. carnea, &c. At the far end of this house
were a number of hybrid Phaius, including P. x Norman, P. X Cooksoni,
&c., also P. Blumei Sanderianus. Next to these were a lot of Sobralias, of
which S. macrantha Kienastiana and S. x Veitchii might be mentioned.
Cattleya Mossiz Mrs. A. Goodson was pointed out in a prosperous
condition. This remarkable, mottled variety received an Award of Merit in
June last. It is most distinct, the only other variety of C. Mossiz which I
can recall being in any way like it is C. Mossie MHardyana, which,
however, is only mottled on the petals. C. Mossiz Reineckeana and C.
M. “ The Pearl,” said to be slate coloured, Lzlio-cattleya x Massangeana
var. Harry Goodson, an A. M. var., and a host of other good things were
also pointed out in this house. Among plants in flower were remarked C.
x Mrs. J. W. Whiteley, and some C. labiata, one of which had slate tinted
sepals and petals, with a triangular blue blotch on the lip.

The third house is also devoted largely to Cattleya and Lzlio-cattleyas,
the centre staging and roof being full of these, while a large share of the
side staging is devoted to Cypripediums, which include a good selection of
the best, both species and hybrids. Here, again, it will only be possible to
take a hasty survey. The month of October is not the best season to see
things in flower, but there was a really splendid show in this house, the
C. Bowringiana hybrids being especially to the front. These hybrids seem
to be endowed with a remarkably fine constitution, and are particularly well
adapted for forming specimens, from the free way in which they multiply
their leaves. One specimen, C. X Mantinii, here had six sheaths. An
exceedingly fine variety of C. X Mantinii, flowering off a small bulb for
the first time, had just opened on the day of my visit. The flower took
more after the build of the C. aurea than is usual, was large and of
excellent colour. I think it may be heard of again. Several plants of
the Lelia Perrinii hybrids, L.-c. Lady Rothschild and Decia, were in flower ;
also many plants of Cattleya x Portia, x John Baguley, and the other
hybrids having Bowringiana for a parent, L.-c. bletchleyensis, &c., Brasso-
cattleya King Haakon the and, L.+c. Issy var. cuprea (A.M. 1905), C.

DECEMBER, 1906.| THE ORCHID REVIEW. 355

Mendelii, H. A. Tracy (A.M. var.), C. Mendelii Herbert Goodson, C. x
Hardyana, and numberless other plants of great merit were noted in this
house, out of flower.

The Cypripediums are a choice and flourishing lot. In flower were C.
insigne Sander, X Mme. Jules Hye, a fine var. of C. X Maudiz, X Sallieri
Hyeanum, X Leeanum Albertianum, X cenanthum superbum, two un-
named hybrids, &c., while out of flower or in bud, mention might be made
of C. callosum Sander, X Annie Goodson (ciliolare x Charlesworthii),
insigne Harefield Hall var., i. Dorothy, X Baron Schréder, and others too
numerous to mention. Hanging from the roof were four nice plants of
Cymbidium Huttoni. These were tried in the Odontoglossum house, but
Mr. Day found that the foliage began to show signs of bad health, and he
is satisfied that the Cattleya house temperature suits them best. There is a
pathetic reference to this plant in Hortus Veitchit: “A rare and remarkable
species sent from Java by the unfortunate Henry Hutton, in commemoration
of whose labours and early death it is named.” As Hutton died in Java after
sending this and other plants home, the naming of it after him would be a
posthumous honour. There was also a nice few plants of Laelia Jongheana
suspended near the door in this house, including the very rare and beautiful
var. alba.

The Odontoglossum house is 50-60 ft. long and 20 ft. wide, and there are
accommodated here some 5,000 plants of Odontoglossum crispum, besides
a large number of other things. Only ten per cent. or less of these have
yet flowered, and—so we are told—as the greatest pleasure is in antici-
pation, Mr. Goodson is passing through that blissful period at present, for
have we not here a house go per cent. full of it! I am assured that the
Odontoglossums have come from the right source, and, although so far
nothing extraordinary has happened, one has every reason to be hopeful.
The plants are now getting well established, and are promising exceedingly
well, and should make a very fine display next May. Standing along the
top of the centre staging were a row of Cymbidiums, which were throwing
up very fine spikes, one C. Tracyanum promising, in particular, a wonder-
ful inflorescence when developed. Among the Cymbidiums were Lowianum
giganteum, xX Lowio-eburneum, X Lowio-grandiflorum (two), and an
unflowered seedling Lowianum X Tracyanum, which should prove to be
C. x I’Ansoni. Suspended from the roof were pans of Sophronitis grandi-
flora, Lelia pumila, Odontoglossum Cervantesil, O. Rossii, &c. sea 08
plants pointed out were: O. X loochristiense, cides plants of O. sil _
issimum, plants of O. X Adriane, O. X Hallio-crispum, O. ramosissamum,
&c. This house was made quite bright by numbers of O. grande in flower,
also Oncidium Forbesii, O. cucullatum, a number of Cypripedium insigne,
&c. Two plants of Cypripedium Farrieanum in flower were remarkable for

356 THE ORCHID REVIEW. (DECEMBER, 1906.

the great difference in theirshape and colour. This plant is being largely
worked on at present by hybridists, and we shall in a short time see a
wonderful series of fine hybrids from it, but it is to those who are selecting
the fine varieties of it that most success will come.

In the conservatory attached to the house were quite a number of choice
things in flower, the most noticeable being that splendid hybrid Cattleya
X Octave Doin Goodson’s variety, which had just received a First-class
Certificate. There was also a most striking form of Brassocattleya Queen
Alexandra, with fine, large, broad segments, and with little of the twist
which is usually present in B. Digbyana hybrids, a finely grown and
flowered Cypripedium xX Chapmanii magnificum, and a score or two of
other interesting and showy plants.

Mr. Goodson has had a number of his finer things painted, and instead
of storing these away out of sight, he has had them framed and hung up in
a small room. This is an admirable way of seeing them to advantage,
only I believe there is a danger of the colour fading through exposure to
light. Is this a very real danger?

A very large number of Mr. Goodson’s plants have been bought in
flower, and with regard to the Lelio-cattleyas, which form a considerable
part of the collection, many will—good as they were when bought—have
good prospects of improving; for we know that these are not often at their
best the first, or even the second, time of flowering. There is also in the
collection a considerable number of unflowered seedlings of various kinds,
whose flowering will keep the interest awake.

Lastly, which is the best omen for the continued prosperity of this
collection, there is, I think, the right spirit abroad. | Mr. Goodson and his
sons, Mr. Harry and Mr. Herbert Goodson, have all that intimate
acquaintance with their plants which only a genuine interest can give, and
with Mr. Day as an earnest and experienced grower, we find here a
combination which augurs well for the advancement of this collection.

J. M. BLAck.

RULES OF BOTANICAL NOMENCLATURE.
AN International Botanical Congress was held at Vienna in 1903, for the
discussion of the subject of Botanical Nomenclature and other important
matters, and the Report has just been issued. It is notorious that some
recent developments have led to serious inconvenience, for example, one
industrious ‘“‘ reformer” found it ‘‘necessary’’ to change about thirty
thousand plant names before reporting on his collection, and one object of
the Congress was to draw up amended rules. These are now issued, in
French, English, and German. These “International Rules for Botanical
Nomenclature, chiefly of Vascular Plants,’ have been passed by the

DECEMBER, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 357

Congress, and are of such importance to Orchidists (among others) that we
feel justified in calling attention to some of the points agreed upon, as
after careful perusal we believe that they will do away with some of the
more objectionable of recent developments.

Article 1 points out that “ Natural History can make no progress with-
out a regular system of nomenclature, which is recognised and used by the
great majority of naturalists in all countries.”

_ Article 7 states :—“‘ Scientific names are in Latin for all groups. When
taken from another language, a Latin termination is given them, except in
cases sanctioned by custom.”

Article 17 remarks :—No one should change a name or a combination of
names without serious motives, based on a more profound knowledge of the
facts, or on the necessity of giving up a nomenclature that is contrary to
rules.”

Article 19 provides that “ Botanical nomenclature begins with the
Species Plantarum of Linneus, ed. 1 (1753), for all groups of vascular
plants.” Exceptions, however, are allowed by Article 20 for names which
have come into general use in the fifty years following their publication, or
which have been used in Monographs and important works up to the year
1890. A list of these is given in an Appendix, and among them we find the
following Orchids :—Dendrobium (not Callista or Ceraia), Saccolabium
(not Gastrochilus), Bulbophyllum (not Phyllorkis or Phyllorchis), Galanthe
(not Alismorkis or Allismorchis), Eria (not Pinalia), Eulophia Hot
Graphorkis or Graphorchis), Polystachya (not Dendrorkis or Denrorchis),
Spiranthes (not Gyrostachys or Ibidium), Stelis (not Humboldtia), Oberonia
(not Iridorkis), Listera (not Diphryllum), Neottia (not Nidus), Liparis (not
Leptorchis), Calopogon (not Cathea), Platanthera (not Lycias), Nervilia
(not Stellorkis), Platylepis (not Erporkis or Erporchis), and CEonia (not
Epidorkis). The significance of this exception will be ap “eculane scape vig
stated that a notorious “reformer” has renamed the species of these
familiar genera (and numerous others), replacing them by the a
genera mentioned in_ brackets, which happen to be older, thus giving
hundreds of useless new names.

Concerning generic and specific na
mendations, as, not to make names very
to dedicate genera to persons who are strangers
avoid specific names formed of age cea ication of the appearance, the
specific names should, in general, give some indication - ini
chiracters, the origin, the history and the properties of the species, or 1

: : ll the name of the one who
taken from the name of a person It should reca Sas Sack
discovered or described it, or who is in some way connected with it. Suc

: tee t when taken from the names
specific names begin with a small letter, excep

mes we find some very useful recom-
long or difficult to pronounce, not
to natural science, and to
We are also told that the

358 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [DrcEMBER, 1906.

of persons, or from old generic names. Rules are also given for Latinising
personal names.

Hybrids are to be designated by a formula, and whenever it seems
useful or necessary by a name, the formula to consist of the specific names
of the two parents in alphabetical order, connected by the sign X. Whena
name is given it is subject to the same rules as names of species, but is dis-
tinguished by the addition of the sign “ X ” before the name. Forms and

half-breeds among cultivated plants should receive fancy names in common

language.

Article 36 provides that on and after January 1, 1908, the publication of
new names will be valid only when they are accompanied by a Latin
diagnosis.

Articles 48 and 49, refer to transfers of names, and it is provided (inter
alia) that if a species is moved from one genus to another the original
specific epithet should be retained, unless in the new position there remains
some obstacle, as provided for in another section. Article 53, for example,
provides that the specific name must be changed if it is already borne by a
valid species in the new genus. We find this example given :—‘* Satyrium
nigrum, L. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, 944 (1753), when placed in the genus Nigritella
must be called Nigritella nigra, Reichb. f. Ic. Fl. Germ, et Helv. xiv. 102
(1851), not Nigritella angustifolia, Rich. in Mem. Mus. Par. iv. 56 (1818).”” If,
however, the transfer involves a change of rank (asa variety raised to the
rank of a species, or the reverse) the earliest name in accordance with its
new position must be retained. It is, however, recommended that the
original epithet should be retained or re-established whenever possible.

Article 51 remarks that ‘‘ Everyone should refuse to admit a name .. -
when it is based on a monstrosity, or when it becomes a permanent source
of confusion or error,”’ and the example is given :—‘‘ The genus Uropedium,
Lindl., was based ona monstrosity which is now referred to Phragmopedilum
caudatum, Rolfe.”

Article 55 provides that ‘‘Specific names must be rejected . . . when
they merely repeat the generic name,” and this gets rid of such absurdities
as Corallorhiza Corallorhiza to designate the well-known Corallorhiza
innata.

Article 57 permits. the correction of any typographic or orthographic
error, and thus Paphiopedilum Fairrieanum, not P. Fairieanum, is the
correct name of'a now familiar species.

Lastly, Article 58 states :—‘‘ The rules of botanical nomenclature can
only be modified by competent persons at an international Congress con-
vened for the express purpose.

In an appendix we find recom mendations for the use of Latin or Latinised
scientific names in preference to others, and for the use of the metric system.

ne ee a ee a eee

DECEMBER, 1906. | THE ORCHID REVIEW. 359

ORCHIDS AT WILDERSPOOL, WARRINGTON.

It will be remembered that our January issue contained an account, by
Mr. H. Thorpe, of the fine collection of Orchids of William Bolton, Esq.,
at Wilderspool, Warrington (pp. 3-6). Mr. Crawshay has recently visited
the collection and has recorded his impressions (Gard. Chron. 1906, ii.
PP- 317, 318), and the opinions of such a keen grower of Odontoglossums
are interesting. Mr. Crawshay remarks :—‘‘ Speaking of the plants
generally, I may say they are growing like weeds, and particularising, I
wish to commend the details of the Odontoglossum growing to the careful
consideration of all who specialise in this genus, which has now par
excellence become the most highly valued of all genera of Orchids.”

After a note on the situation, he proceeds :—‘‘ The Odontoglossum
houses are somewhat unique, as the following description will prove. You
enter a central corridor 70 feet long by 4 feet wide and g feet high,
which runs north and south. Running east and west of it are four pairs of
span roof houses 55 feet long, 12 feet wide, and 8 feet high to the ridge
inside, separated by spaces of 3 feet; the ends are all free, there being no
doors in them. At the end of the corridor there is one house (which is
equal to one of the pairs) having no door opposite the end of the corridor.

‘‘The ventilation of these houses is remarkable, for at first sight there
appears to be none at all, as there are neither top lights nor side wall
ventilators to open at all. The ventilation is gained by a few panes of
glass being open at the ends, and the use of only two doors from the
corridor into the spaces between the houses, but there are no doors from the
corridor into the houses themselves to control the admission of air if the
‘space doors are opened. These space doors do not allow of much
ventilation, being only two, one on each side of the corridor, not opposite
each other, but if opened for any cause, of course, there is an inlet of air,
but this is not the usual course practiced for ventilating purposes.

‘‘The heating is also remarkable, being one 8-inch pipe under each
side stage, a thing I have never seen before in any Orchid-growing
establishment. The stages are 3 feet g inches wide, and only two feet
from the ground, which has nothing of any sort on it; it is bare, to exhale
anything which Nature may have put into it or drain off the water from
the stages.” The stages are lower than in any establishment which Mr.
Crawshay has seen.

“The plants stand directly on the slate stages, which are covered
I to 2 inches deep in cinders crushed to the size of large peas or beans
The side walls of the house are 3 feet high, and are 1 foot above the stage
level. From that height the roof runs to the ridge. The shading IS one
ordinary lath blind, and the hot water has this year been in disuse from

360 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [DECEMBER, 1906

May to the end of September. Tanks, as usual, are under the stages, and
small iron cisterns placed along the paths, to dip the can into, complete this
most successful group of houses.

‘The potting compost used is oak leaves and sphagnum in equal parts;
the leaves are gathered in autumn from the woods and kept in the open
under a little shed ; they are used after rubbing through a half inch sieve.
To this mixture is added about one-sixth silver sand, and into that go the
plants with no drainage of either crocks or rhizomes. Out of that compost
come plants that are as good as man can wish for, and into the pot go the
roots in great quantity and in quality, such as no man can wish for better.

“There are some 80,000 Odontoglossums, and in some of the houses
are a few of the old régime still hanging up on the roof in the moss (alone)
that used to be the order of the day then. You do not need to look at
them more than once to see the benefit of the new treatment, under which
they are all going the same way, viz., from little plants into big ones.

‘“‘ The largest crispums and luteos are a sight to see, immense growths
coming up everywhere and double breaks in quantity. To particularise
them would be a positive labour; I measured one luteopurpureum growth
of 2} inches wide at base and 18 inches high, and the bulb had only just
began to form. Of these there are 30 plants in 8 to 12-inch pots, a couple
of which have three heads. Large crispum plants are here by hundreds.”

After mentioning some of the fine varieties of crispum grown, also O. X
Wilckeanum Stevensii, ‘‘ under its second name of crispum Alpha (kept on
it to mark its origin),” Mr. Crawshay proceeds :—‘‘ Garden hybrids are
here by the hundred, and rapid propagation of these is being practiced, for
it is found that they are in increasing demand annually, and Mr. Bolton is
not afraid of their value falling to bed-rock level, as some people fear they
will. Of course, as is well known, these garden hybrids grow themselves,
but they do not always succeed in dividing themselves, so that each plant
makes two of the same size, as will shortly be the case here.

‘‘ The change in the quality of the growth is one of the most remarkable
things I have seen in Orchid culture in so short a time, and if it continues
upon its present lines (I see no reason why it should not) Wilderspool will
be one of the sights of the North.”

Mr. Crawshay concludes with a note on i remarking that
the insigne and bellatulum sections do well at Wilderspool. ‘‘ Of insigne
Sanderz there are some 500 plants, many dozens of them being in 8 to
1o-inch pots, and with a dozen growths or more. They grow like Trades-
cantia, under a damp stage, and it is no trouble to propagate them as fast
as may be desired. When in bloom this house will be an extraordinary
sight indeed, and well worth a journey to see them alone. C. Fairrieanum
is here in hundreds, and at present seems to like a coolish treatment.”

DECEMBER, 1906.|

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

LAL. LIO-CATTLEYA STATTERIANA OCULATA.
THE annexed figure represents a very
Statteriana (L. Perrinii

Mead,

James Veitch and Sons, in whose establishment, at C
the first time in October,

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362 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [DECEMBER, 1906.

SOCIETIES.
ROYAL HORTICULTURAL.

A MEETING of the R.H.S. was held at the Royal Horticultural Hall,
Vincent Square, Westminster, on November 6th, when there was a remark-
able display of Orchids—one of the finest yet seen in the Hall—and the
awards consisted of two gold and nine other Medals, four First-class
Certificates, seven Awards of Merit, four Cultural Commendations, and
three Botanical Certificates.

J. Bradshaw, Esq., Southgate (gr. Mr. Whitelegge), staged a remarkably
fine group, to which the Society’s Gold Medal was awarded. It contained
a fine series of Cattleya labiata, the centre being formed of the white
varieties, alba, Amesiz, Daphne, G. G. Whitelegge, Lowiz, Penelope and
R. I. Measures, while the best of the coloured forms, called Hector and
Hercules, were excellent in every respect. On either side of these were
arranged a fine series of C. X Mantinii, C. x Mrs. J. W. Whiteley, C.
xX Fabia with its variety alba, C. Dowiana Rosita, and some fine Leelio-
cattleyas, of which L.-c. Decia alba and L.-c. Haroldiana var. John
Bradshaw were specially noteworthy. The handsome white Brassocattleya
Queen Alexandra, Odontoglossum Lindenii, the beautiful yellow Oncidium
Forbesii Bradshawiez, and other choice things were also included. A
Cultural Commendation was given to a remarkably fine specimen of
Cattleya x Mantinii, and an Award of Merit to C. X Fabia Bradshawiana,
a fine and very richly coloured variety.

G. F. Moore, Esq., Bourton-on-the-Water (gr. Mr. Page), also received
a Gold Medal for a very large and tastefully arranged group. The centre
was made up of good specimens of Oncidium varicosum and other graceful
species, with groups of Dendrobium Phalenopsis in variety on either side,
these including the beautiful white variety hololeuca and the blush Miss
Louisa Deane. There were also some good D. superbiens and D. bigibbum,
- fine forms of Cypripedium insigne, C. x Maudie, C. x Evenor, C. X
Olivia, and numerous other good things, also a selection of Cypripedium
Fairrieanum and its hybrids.

Sir Frederick Wigan, Bart., Clare Lawn, East Sheen (gr. Mr. Young),
received a Silver Flora Medal for a choice group, including the richly
coloured Sophrocattleya Veitchii, Odontoglossum Uroskinneri splendens,
Miltonia X Bleuana, Our Queen, a delicately tinted variety, Cypripedium
insigne Harefield Hall var., C. Fairrieanum, and a good selection of others,
with some good Cattleya x Fabia (labiata x Dowiana aurea), one of
which, called C. x Fabia superba, received a First-class Certificate. It
was a fine variety, of excellent shape, and very dark in colour, the rich
purple-crimson lip having some golden veining at the base.

DECEMBER, '1906. | THE ORCHID REVIEW. 363

J. Gurney Fowler, Esq., Glebelands, S. Woodford (gr. Mr. Davis), also
received a Silver Flora Medal for a choice group, including the beautiful
Cymbidium erythrostylum, the fine yellow and white Cypripedium x
Troilus, with a fine selection of others, a good example of Vanda
Sanderiana, Lzlio-cattleya luminosa, and others, a fine series of Cattleya
labiata, including the white variety Princess of Wales, and some good
C. X Mantinii. An Award of Merit was given to C. X Mantinii, Fowler’s
var., a very richly coloured form, having some golden veining in the throat
of the lip, with dark maroon in front.

Major G. L. Holford, C.I.E., C.V.O., Westonbirt, Tetbury (gr. Mr.
Alexander), sent several fine things, gaining a First-class Certificate for
Cattleya xX Leda, Westonbirt var. (superba X Dowiana aurea), a very
richly coloured hybrid which is described on another page, and Awards of
Merit for C. x fulvescens var. delicata, and Cypripedium X nitens, Bull's
var., the former having light greenish buff sepals and petals, and the lip
yellow veined with purple brown, and suffused with rose on the front lobe.
He also sent the richly-coloured Cattleya X Fabia illustris and Cypripedium
x Charlesianum virginale.

H. S. Goodson, Esq., Putney (gr. Mr. Day), received a Silver Flora
Medal for a fine group, including some good Cattleya labiata, Odonto-
glossum grande, Cypripediums, &c., the more noteworthy including C. X
Maudiz, C. x Chapmanii superbum, C. X memoria-Moensii, C. X Charles
Richman, and C. X Niobe superbum.

Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., Burford, Dorking (gr. Mr. White), sent
Cattleya x Clarkiz and C. X Ella, two pretty C. bicolor hybrids, a fine
- specimen of Angraecum distichum, which gained a Cultural Commendation,
Mormodes buccinator and Epidendrum floribundum, the two latter each
receiving a Botanical Certificate.

R. I. Measures, Esq., Cambridge Lodge, Camberwell (gr. Mr. Smith),
received a Silver Banksian Medal for a good group, including Cattleya
Bowringiana and some of its hybrids, varieties of Cypripedium insigne,
C. x Allanianum, C. X conco-tonsum, C. xX Unixia, and various others,
- including some interesting Masdevallias.

Leopold de Rothschild, Esq., Gunnersbury House, Acton (gr. Mr.
Hudson), also received a Silver Banksian Medal for a charming group of
Vanda ccerulea, Oncidium varicosum, Cattleya Dowiana aurea and
Epidendrum vitellinum, arranged with Maidenhair ferns and variegated
Panicum.

Mrs. Spicer stag va
vai i Banksian Medal.

. F. Laycock, Wiseton, Bawtry (gr. Mr. Musk), received a
First-class Certificate for Cattleya labiata Captain J. F. Laycock, a

eda pretty group of Cypripedium Spicerianum, which

364 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [| DECEMBER} 1906

remarkably fine form, having purple-rose sepals and petals, and the
front of the lip ruby purple with a pale margin.

Francis Wellesley, Esq., Westfield, Woking (gr. Mr. Hopkins), received
a First-class Certificate for Cypripedium X Germaine Opoix, Westfield var.,
a remarkably handsome hybrid which is described on another page.

W. M. Appleton, Esq., Weston-super-mare (gr. Mr. Brooks), received an
Award of Merit for Dendrobium Phalznopsis splendens, having bright
magenta-rose flowers with a white base to the segments.

Miss E. Willmott, Warley Place, Great Warley (gr. Mr. Gooch), showed
Maxillaria nigrescens, with fine dark reddish purple flowers, a Botanical
Certificate being awarded.

Jeremiah Colman, Esq., Gatton Park (gr. Mr. Bound), exhibited a series
of Cattleyas, including C. labiata, C. xX Fabia, &c.

The Marquis de Wavrin, Somerghem, Belgium (gr. M. de Geest), showed
the new Cattleya x Adrienne de Wavrin (maxima X Warscewiczil).

M. Meertens, Mont St. Amand, Ghent, staged a small group of hybrids.

Messrs. Charlesworth and Co., Heaton, Bradford, staged a remarkably
fine group, consisting largely of hybrids, and containing a series of Brasso-
cattleyas, two batches of the handsome Lelio-cattleya luminosa and
Cattleya X Fernand Denis, three white forms of C. labiata, Odontoglossum
crispum La France, a well-shaped, prettily spotted variety, a very beautiful
O. X Phoebe with a spike of fifteen flowers, the rare Bulbophylium Rein-
wardtii, a number of choice Cypripediums, species and hybrids, and other
interesting Orchids, a Silver-gilt Flora Medal being awarded.

Messrs. Sander and Sons, St. Albans, received a Silver Flora Medal for
a very fine group, containing, in the centre, a noble specimen of Cymbidium
Tracyanum with five racemes, to which a Cultural Commendation was
given, a beautiful series of Cattleya labiata, white and coloured, C. X Lord
Rothschild var. alba, C. X Fabia The Queen, and various other hybrids, a
fine specimen of Cycnoches peruvianum, and a good selection of Cypri-
pediums. An Award of Merit was given to Lzlio-cattleya Golden Beauty
(L.-c. Ernesti X L.-c. Henry Greenwood), a fine hybrid having clear yellow
flowers with a ruby blotch on the lip.

Messrs. J. W. Moore & Co., Ltd., Rawdon, Leeds, received a Silver
Banksian Medal fora fine group, containing, in the centre, a fine specimen
of Vanda ccerulea, with numerous spikes, Cymbidium Tracyanum, Aérides

_Lawrencez, Stanhopea eburnea, Bulbophyllum Dearei, Masdevallia Davisii,
M. gemmata, and good forms of Cypripedium x Euryades, together with
interesting hybrids between C. X cenanthum superbum and C. X
vexillarium, and between C. tonsum and C. Godefroye. An Award of
Merit was given to Cattleya x Marstersonize superba (Loddigesii X
labiata), a fine form having rosy lilac flowers with a darker lip.

DECEMBER, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 365

Messrs. McBean, Cooksbridge, received a Cultural Commendation for
a remarkably fine specimen of Cattleya Bowringiana.

Messrs. Edgar & Co., South Woodford, sent a small group of Cypripe-
diums and others.

Messrs. Hugh Low & Co., Enfield, staged a small group of Cattleya
labiata, the variety King of Greece being white tinged with blush on the
lip, also a pretty white form of Dendrobium Phalznopsis, Cypripedium Xx
Milo Westonbirt var., and other good things.

Messrs. Stanley & Co., Southgate, also sent a pretty group, containing
the rare Odontoglossum x Duvivierianum, Cattleya Dowiana aurea, some
good C. labiata, C. x F. W. Wigan, C. X Fabia alba, and others.

DIPLOMA AWARDS.

The subjects of the special competition were Dendrobium Phalznopsis,
Cattleya labiata and Sophronitis grandiflora, with their respective hybrids,
and the following awards were made :—

DENDROBIUM PHALENoPSIS.—Ist Diploma to D. Phalenopsis Miss
Louisa Deane, from G. F. Moore, Esq.

CATTLEYA LABIATA.—Ist Diploma to C. labiata Capt. J. F. Laycock,
from Capt. Laycock; 2nd Diploma to C.1. Hector, from J. Bradshaw, Esq.

C. LABIATA HYBRIDS.—Ist Diploma to C. x Fabia Bradshawiana, from
J. Bradshaw, Esq.; 2nd Diploma to C. x Fabia Fowler’s var., from
J. Gurney Fowler, Esq.

SoPHRONITIS GRANDIFLORA HYBRIDS.—ist Diploma to Sophrocattleya
eximia, from J. Gurney Fowler, Esq.

Some showy Cattleyas and other Orchids were included in a fine group
of stove plants exhibited by Messrs. James Veitch and Sons, Chelsea, to
which a Gold Medal was awarded by the Floral Committee.

The report of the Scientific Committee meeting of this date contains

the following :—
Botanical Certificate—An inflorescence of the Orchid, Bonatea Ugande,

Rolfe, was shown by Mr. Brown, of Haverfield Gardens, Kew. Itis a
newly-introduced species from Uganda, in the way of B. speciosa. On the
motion of Mr. C. T. Druery, seconded by Mr. Bennett-Poe, it was
unanimously awarded a Botanical Certificate.

on November zoth there was a fine display of

At the mecting held : :
onsisted of four Medals, two First-class Certifi-

Orchids, and the awards c
cates, and two Awards of Merit.
H. S. Goodson, Esq., Fairlawn,
class Certificate for Cattleya Fabia Goods .
bearing two fine spikes of five and four flowers, the sepals and petals being

Putney (gr. Mr. Day), received a First-
oni, a richly coloured form

366 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [DECEMBER, 1906.
bright magenta-rose, and the lip rich crimson, with yellow veining in the —
throat. He also sent Cypripedium X Fairlawn (X cenanthum superbum
xX nitens G. S. Ball’s var.), a well shaped and richly coloured flower, and
C. Xx Miss Annie Goodson (ciliolare x Charlesworthii), a pretty flower,
fairly intermediate in character.

The Rev. J. C. B. Fletcher, Mundham Vicarage, Chichester, received
an Award of Merit for Cypripedium xX Stephanos (xX Pollettianum X
cenanthum superbum), a handsome thing, having the dorsal sepal white,
with feathered purple lines and a green base, and the petals and lip yellow,
heavily suffused with purple brown.

G. F. Moore, Esq., Chardwar, Bourton-on-the-Water (gr. Mr. Page),
received an Award of Merit for Cypripedium xX Leeanurn Corona, a very
fine form, having a white dorsal sepal with a yellowish green base and some
purple lines, and the petals and lip yellow tinged with purple. He also
sent the pretty C. x Nandii, having the flowers white, closely dotted
with rose.

Francis Wellesley, Esq., Westfield, Woking (gr. Mr. Hopkins), sent
Lelia-cattleya x Mrs. W. J. Dickson (C. Gaskelliana x L.-c. Wellsiana),
a handsome thing having light blush sepals and petals, and the front of the
lip ruby purple, Cypripedium Xx Arthurianum giganteum, C. x Germaine
Opoix Westfield var. and C. X Baron Schréder punctatum, the two latter
handsome forms securing Diploma awards.

W. M. Appleton, Esq., Weston-super-Mare, sent Cypripedium X Elsie
(Charlesworthii x villosum), C. insigne Appletonianum, a finely shaped and
richly-coloured form, and a good form of C. Fairrieanum with a broad
dorsal sepal.

J. Bradshaw, Esq., The Grange, Southgate (gr. Mr. Whitelegge),
showed Odontoglossum X amabile Charlesworthii, a fine form having the
flowers suffused with rose-pink, and spotted with red-brown on the lower
part of the segments.

J. Gurney Fowler, Esq., S. Woodford (gr. Mr. Davis), sent the fine
Cypripedium X Madame Jules Hye, C. insigne glebelandense, a finely-
spotted form, and C. i. Davisii, a yellowish form with lines of brown spots
on the lower half of the dorsal sepal.

Major G. L. Holford, C.I.E., C.V.O., Westonbirt (gr. Mr. Alexander),
showed Cattleya x fulvescens superba and C. labiata Amesiana, the latter
bearing a fine inflorescence of five flowers.

The Hon..Walter Rothschild, M.P., Tring Park (gr. Mr. Dye), sent
Cattleya < Germania inversa, having cream white flowers tinged with rose,
and the front of the lip rich purple crimson.

Leopold de Rothschild, Esq., Gunnersbury House, Acton (gr. Mr.
Hudson), sent Vanda ccerulea albescens.

DEcEMBER, 1906. | THE ORCHID REVIEW. 367

Mr. H. T. Wright sent from the Society’s Gardens, at Wisley, four
forms of Cypripedium X Euryades.

Messrs. Charlesworth and Co., Heaton, Bradford, staged a very brilliant
group, consisting principally of hybrids, to which a Silver-gilt Flora Medal
was given. It contained a beautiful series of Lzlio-cattleya luminosa and
various other handsome Lelio-cattleyas, some fine Cattleya xX Fabia with
eight and nine flowers each, C. labiata Mrs. J. Bradshaw, and C. 1. reed-
leyensis, two beautiful white forms, Odontoglossum X amabile; Trichopilia
suavis, Oncidium cheirophorum, Miltonia xX Bleuana, Cypripedium X
Baron Schréder, and numerous other fine things.

Messrs. James Cypher and Sons, Cheltenham, also received a Silver-
gilt Flora Medal for a very fine group, consisting largely of Cypripedes,
with examples of Dendrobium Phalznopsis, Oncidium ornithorhynchum,
Lelio-cattleya X Clive, and a few others, and the Cypripediums included
half a dozen C. Fairrieanum, C. X memoria-Moensii, numerous well-known
forms of C. insigne, and a fine series of hybrids.

Messrs. Sander and Sons, St. Albans, received a Silver Flora Medal for
a fine group, including Cattleya x Hardyana picturata, Lelio-cattleya xX
luminosa, L.-c. X exoniensis ccerulea, with a slaty blue blotch on the
front of the lip, Miltonia x Bleuana, Cypripedium xX Hitchinsiz, some
fine C. insigne, and various others. One magnificent Cypripedium was
supposed to bea form of C. X Rolfei, but the Orchid Committee decided
that it was different, and voted it a First-class Certificate under the name
C. x F. K. Sander var. King Haakon. This award was not confirmed by the
Council on the ground that it was too similar to the original form, derived
from C. X Annie Measures and C. bellatulum.

Messrs. Hugh Low and Co., Enfield, received a Bronze Banksian Medal
for a small group, including three pretty white forms of Cattleya labiata,
Amesiana, Gilmouriz, and reedleyensis, a good Cypripedium Fairrieanum, a
beautiful example of C. x Niobe with nine flowers, C. X Arthurianum
with seven, and others. pee

Messrs. J. W. Moore, Ltd., Rawdon, Leeds, staged a nice little group,
including a good Leelio-cattleya Statteriana, Cattleya x Clarkiz, Brassa-
vola nodosa, Cypripedium X Watsonianum, C. X Milo, C. insigne Harefield
Hall var., in fine condition, and others.

M. Ch. Maron, Brunoy, France, sent Cattleya x Fabia alba, and a
pretty white C. labiata with a tinge of pink on the lip.

M. Meertens, Mont-St.-Amand, Ghent, sent a small group, including
Cattleya labiata alba, a second form with a purple blotch on the front of
the lip, and several interesting Cypripediums.

Messrs. Edgar & Co., Montrose, South Woodford, sent a small group of

interesting Cypripedes.

368 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [DECEMBER, 1906.

DIPLOMA AWARDS.

The subjects of the special competition were Cypripedium Fairrieanum
and its hybrids, and the following awards were made :—

CYPRIPEDIUM FAIRRIEANUM.—First Diploma to C. Fairrieanum dark
var., from Messrs. Sander & Sons.

C. FAIRRIEANUM Hyprips.—First Diploma to C. X Germaine Opoix
Westfield var.; Second Diploma to C. X Baron Schroder punctatum, both
from Francis Wellesley, Esq.

The Scientific Committee on this date had several Orchids before it :—
BonaTgeA UGAND# (Rolfe).—This Orchid, to which at the last meeting
a Botanical Certificate was recommended, was commented upon by Dr.
Masters, who drew attention to the remarkable form and size of the
rostellum, the length of the caudicles of the pollinia, which fitted into long

Fig. 47. THe CaTTLeva FLy (nat. size and magnified).

tubes at the sides of the rostellum, and the length of the ape, which
reached to between 5 and 6 inches long.

Uncommon Orcuips.—A species of Pleurothallis from R. I. Measures,
Esq., and Oncidium Waluewa, Rolfe (Waluewa pulchella, Regel), from
H.T. Pitt, Esq., of Stamford Hill, were shown at this meeting. Mr. Rolfe
undertook to report on the former at the next meeting.

CATTLEYA FLiy.—Mr. Bowles showed pseudobulbs of newly-imported
Cattleyas, which were badly infested with the larve of the Cattleya fly,
Isosoma sp., a pest too well known on Cattleyas. Mr. Bennett-Poé
suggested that the only way of dealing with the trouble is to collect
the affected pseudobulbs, which turn black, and burn them. [Fig 47 is
a photomicrograph of this insect, the small figure on the right showing it
natural size, the wings in this case being invisible.—Eb.].

DECEMBER, 1906. | THE ORCHID REVIEW. 369

MANCHESTER AND NorTH OF ENGLAND ORCHID.

A MEETING of this Society was held at the Coal Exchange, Manchester, on
October 25th, when some interesting Orchids were staged, and the awards
included two medals, two First-class Certificates, and six Awards of Merit.
The following members of the Committee were present :—E. Ashworth,
Esq., Chairman, and Messrs. R. Ashworth, Ritchie, Leemann, Thorp,
Cowan, Stevens, Rogers, Ashton, Parker, Cypher, Williamson, Warburton,
Upjohn, Smith, and P. Weathers, Hon. Sec.

W. Thompson, Esq., Stone (gr. Mr. Stevens), received Awards of Merit
for Odontoglossum X Elinor (Harryano-crispum X crispum), and Cypri-
pedium X optimum, a hybrid of unrecorded parentage, being also accorded
a Vote of Thanks for a group of other interesting things.

H. J. Bromilow, Esq., Rainhill (gr. Mr. Morgan), exhibited, among
others, Cypripedium X Editha and(C. xX fulshawense, the latter receiving
an Award of Merit, while a Vote of Thanks was accorded to the group.

Philip Smith, Esq., Ashton-on-Mersey, was accorded a Vote of Thanks
for an interesting group, including ‘‘ Cattleya X inversa Haddon Hall var.,”
and a seedling apparently derived from Leelia Perrinii and L. pumila.

Messrs. James Cypher and Sons, Cheltenham, staged a very fine group
of Orchids, which gained a Silver-gilt Medal. Cattleya xX Hardyana
illuminata also received a First-class Certificate, amd Miltonia vexillaria
Leopoldi superba an Award of Merit. s

Messrs. Hugh Low and Co., Enfield, received a first-class Certificate
for a remarkably fine hybrid Cypripedium, derived from C. insigne Hare-
field Hall var., and C. xX nitens magnificum Ball’s var., and an Award of
Merit for C. Charlesworthii x nitens.

Messrs. A. J. Keeling and Sons, Bradford, received a Bronze Medal for
a small group of Cypripediums.

Votes of Thanks were accorded to O. O. Wrigley, Esq., Bury, Mr.
‘S. Allen, Sale, and Mr. D. McLeod, Chorlton-cum-Hardy, for interesting
exhibits. ee

At the meeting held on November 16th there was a very fine display,
and the awards consisted of five Medals, three First-class Certificates, two
Awards of Merit, and one Botanical Certificate.

The members of the Committee present were:—E. Ashworth, Esq.,
‘Chairman, R. Ashworth, Leemann, Parker, Warburton, Smith, Ashton,
‘Cowan, Rogers, Sander, Stevens, Thorp, Williamson, and Weathers (Hon.
Sec.).
G. W. Jessop, Esq., Rawdon, near Leeds, received a Silver Medal for
a good group, and a Botanical Certificate for Cirrhopetalum Meduse.

H. J. Bromilow, Esq., Rainhill, W. Laverton, Esq., Nantwich, and W.
Thompson, Esq., Stone, each received a Silver Medal for a good group.

370 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [ DECEMBER, 1906.

A. Warburton, Esq., Haslingden (gr. Mr. Dalgleish), received First-
class Certificates for Lelia-cattleya Decia and Cypripedium X Germaine
Opoix.

S. Gratrix, Esq., Whalley Range (gr. Mr. Cypher), received a First-
class Certificate for Cattleya X Hardyana alba Gratrix’s var., and an Award
of Merit for Cypripedium x Leoniz Gratrix’s var.

W. Farrer, Esq., Carnforth (gr. Mr. Proudlock), exhibited Cypripedium
x Chapmanii magnificum and C. X leyburnense.

E. Rogerson, Esq., Didsbury (gr. Mr. Price), exhibited Cypripedium X
Actzeus var.

Messrs. Stanley and Co., Southgate, London, received an Award of
Merit for the pretty little Odontoglossum X Duvivierianum, a natural
hybrid between O. cordatum and O. apterum. They also sent Cattleya
labiata pardina, C. X Fabia alba, and several other good things.

Mr. D. McLeod, Chorlton-cum-Hardy, received a Bronze Medal for an
interesting little group.

CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS FOR DECEMBER.
By J. M. Brack, Streatham.

TEMPERATURES, DAMPING, AND FIRING.—With the closing of the year,
vegetation is at its lowest ebb in the Orchid houses. At this season every
effort should be made to keep from exciting the plants too much by great
fluctuations of temperature, too little water followed at intervals with too
much, too dry an atmosphere followed by a too wet one, and all kind of
extremes. The temperatures advised last month may be lowered a degree
or two during the colder weather of December, and every effort made to
keep them steady. The sun does not now get very high, and rises late and
sets soon, and many days pass in smoky districts without its ever being seen
at all; so that even the day temperatures will nearly entirely depend upon
fire heat, and damping will be largely regulated by the amount of fire heat
necessary to keep the temperatures at the required degree. During crisp,
frosty weather, when the pipes must be kept hot, one may be compelled to
damp more frequently than seems reasonable, but rather than have a
“steamy ” atmosphere, allow the temperatures to drop considerably. I
would refer the reader to the January Calendar for further details.

VENTILATION is a work which requires much consideration during the
dull and cold season, but only in extremely cold weather, and during fogs,
should the bottom ventilators be closed tight, and in the morning when
the temperatures are low. The top ventilators can be sparingly used
during mild weather. The atmosphere should never feel oppressive or
stifling—no matter in which house.

DECEMBER, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 372

Focs.—Fogs are a very real evil in London, and, although we have
spells of good weather during the winter, we never pass the dull season
without several visitations. I have seen it recommended to keep the
plants on the dry side, and the temperatures lower than usual during spells.
of fog, and I dare say this is all one can do, after shutting the houses up
close. But one is frequently caught napping at night. I have gone to
bed when the air was beautiful and clear, and found the houses full of fog
in the morning. The effect that a London fog has on vegetation is well-
known. Flowers wither up as if they had been held in an oven, buds are
arrested and yellow off, and also tender foliage. To show these effects the
fog does not require to be very dense, or of long duration. But while these
happenings are apparent, how much is there done that is not apparent ?
Plants with thick foliage, such as Cattleyas, may give no great and visible
indication of mischief, such as turning yellow, but the damage must be
there none the less, if more subtle. The sterilizing influences of the
sulphurous gases contained in the fog—if able to turn the foliage of some
plants yellow, and blast both flowers and buds—must play an enormous
amount of unseen and unrecorded havoc. One fog a year is sufficient to
stunt plants that are growing, and so stun those that are at rest that they
have not that fierce impulse to start when their period of quickening
arrives. There are fogs on sea and land, but these have nothing in common
with the London fogs, excepting in moisture, and they are always quite
harmless, and very frequently most beneficial to vegetation. Evergreen
epiphytal Orchids are the plants to feel most—or give most evidence of—
the debilitating effects of this destructive scourge, but, as I have no
remedy to suggest, to enter further into the question will be waste of
time.

Cattleya Triane, C. Percivaliana, &c., may be showing their buds at
the base of the sheaf, but how to treat these plants when in flower and bud
was discussed at some length in the February Calendar.

There are a good many winter flowering Orchids, and these should be
placed where they can be seen to the best advantage, and also where they
can receive the best possible light when developing their Hower spikes.
Some of these are Cymbidium Tracyanum, Lycaste Skinneri, Zygopetalum
Mackay, &c.

Now that winter is nearly here, and seeing that I have been putting
things nicely to rest for some time past—having, in fact, run myself aground
as far as Calendarial matter is concerned—it is fortunate that I recollect
the Editor once telling me that I might introduce seasonable hints from
time to time. A few things suggest themselves to me which might make
profitable reading, and which have the merit of being in season at all times,

although, strictly speaking, my year’s Calendar ends here.

372 THE ORCHID REVIEW. | DECEMBER, 1906.

To begin with: If you are perfectly satisfied that you ought to have a
First-class Certificate and your friends aid and abet you in this belief, do
not be down-hearted or lose your temper if you do not get one. It is on
record that man is liable to err, and Orchid Committees are subject to the
same frailty. There is not the slightest doubt but that your judgment,
supported by that of your friends, is quite unimpeachable. In an extremity
of this kind, you may find some solace in endeavouring to instil fortitude
into others who are smarting under the same disappointment.

In the course of the year you are sure to have a good many visitors, and,
among others, there is sure to drop in, now and then, the individual who,
while walking through your houses, talks incessantly of the plants he has
at home. If he deigns at all to pass a remark about one of yours, it will be
to compare it—unfavourably, of course—to one that he flowered last year,
has in bud, or saw, or heard of, or expects to hear of; but he nearly always
has it at home. He will jubilate on the immensity of the bulbs his plants
are making, and when you come to that special feature of yours—upon
which you have come to rather pride yourself—he will exclaim, “ Ah! you
ought to see mine,” and then will follow in molecular detail the wonderful
treatment by which means only such great attainments can be got. By
the time he has finished with you, you will feel limp and courageless, and
you will wonder how on earth you ever came to look on your plants as
other than the veriest trash. In an affliction of this kind, hasten to repay
that man’s visit, and have important business a long,
next time he calls.

If a man whispers to you that he has hundreds of thousands of Odonto-
glossum seedlings, and that they are coming up “
fact, he does not know what he is going to do with them all eventually—go
and see them, and don’t forget to take a magnifying glass with you. You
might, if possible, take one with more than one lens, so that it is of
considerable power, for fear you may be disappointed.

Sub Rosa.—If the “‘guv’nor” comes down the garden in the morning
with a brand new knife in his hand and a gleam of vivisection in his eye,

make sure that he has surgical designs on the plant purchased the day
before. Do not be an acce

long way from home

all over the place ’”?—in

value. Do not be

So meticulous over cleanliness as this. The sequel to
the above story is a

painful one: that plant promptly died.

DrECEMBER, 1906.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 373

If you area town grower, and the “‘guv’nor” happens to be a native,
do not complain to him about the fog or smoke. He will take it personally.

Do not attribute all calamities which may befall the collection during
the year to the fortnight you were away on your holiday.

Have as good an opinion of your Orchids—and, incidently, yourself—in
the future as you have consistently had in the past, but do not expect other
people to share that opinion in just the same degree.

An explanation which is half an apology—A few words of a personal
nature may be excused me at the end of the year, for my last appearance
as Calendar writer. I confess that I commenced the year choke full of
ideas, which were to be trumpeted forth to that world circumscribed by the
circulation of the Orchid Review, but by the time these ideas began to take
shape on paper, I discovered, much to my despair, that pretty well all that
I had to say about growing Orchids—and some more—had already been
said, more than once, and very well said, too. I have never been able to
recover completely during the year, being at every step reminded of it,
and the strenuous, if ineffectual, efforts which I have made to steer clear of
the beaten path—which is beginning to show signs of hard wear—have
made the Calendar of Operations for the year somewhat ungainly, and
certainly very incomplete.

[We cannot quite agree with the last remark, and we regret that Mr.
Black has used up all his ideas for the present.—Eb. |

We have much pleasure in announcing that Mr. W. P. Bound, of
Gatton Park, whose success as a grower is well known, will contribute
the Calendar of Operations for next year.

ORCHIDS IN THE OPEN AIR DURING SUMMER.

Ir is often said that Orchids are tender subjects to deal with, but I do not
think that is so. Last year one of my Oncidiums (O. phymatochilum)
began to show unsatisfactory signs, so I decided on an experiment. It

was taken out of the pot, with the compost adhering to the roots, and tied
fast to a branch of a tree in my garden, with no protection save the leaves
and branches above. There it remained from the middle of last June till
the third week in September, exposed to all the varying kinds of weather
that is experienced some seven miles from Manchester, and an atmosphere
not by any means ideal. When it was taken down several bulbs were soft.
These were taken off the plant, which was then fastened to a teak block
and suspended in the Cypripedium house, and to-day—November 21—it is
throwing up new growths with all the vigour of a newly-imported piece.
Evidently it takes a lot to kill Orchids, but it is possible to drown them
with too much water or roast them to death with too much heat. T:

374 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [ DECEMBER, 1906.
ORCHIDS FROM PENARTH.

THE collection of Orchids grown by J. J. Neale, Esq., Park road, Pe::arth,
is evidently a very representative one, for examples of the followiug are
sent by Mr. Haddon. The rare Odontoglossum Londesboroughianum has
just produced a spike of eighteen flowers. It is grown close to the roof of
the Cool Intermediate House, being suspended near a ventilator which has
been open night and day, with hardly any shade, and the plant has been
syringed morning and evening on bright days. Calanthe vestita luteo-
oculata and rubro-oculata are from a recent importation by Messrs. Sander,
a flower of C. X Veitchii being also included. There are three forms of
Lelia pumila, with a good dark form of L. Perrinii, and a good Cattleya
labiata. Oncidium is represented by the handsome O. tigrinum, O.
crispum, O. Forbesii, O. dasytyle, O. excavatum, and O. ornithorhynchum,
and Epidendrum by E. ciliare, E. nocturnum, and E. latilabrum. Den-
drobium bigibbum, D. Phalenopsis and its dark variety Statterianum,
together with Phragmopedilum x Sedeni candidulum and P. x calurum
are valuable autumn-flowering plants. Other interesting things are
Cochlioda vulcanica, Phalenopsis Esmeralda, Masdevallia peristeria,
Zygopetalum pallidum, Platyclinis Cobbiana, Stenoglottis longifolia, Bulbo-
phyllum Careyanum and rufinum, Polystachya laxiflora and Adansonie,
and Seraphyta multiflora, the latter being one of four sprays produced by
this graceful and very floriferous plant.

ORCHIDS IN SEASON,

A FLOWER of the handsome Cattleya x Leda Westonbirt var. (superba X
Dowiana aurea), which received a First-class Certificate from the R.H.S.
on November 6th last, is sent from the collection of Major G. L. Holford,
Westonbirt, Tetbury, by Mr. Alexander. It is most like an enlarged
edition of the former in shape, and has bright rose-purple sepals and petals,
and an intense purple-crimson lip, with some yellow veining in the throat.

A flower of a handsome seedling Lzlio-cattleya is sent from the
collection of F. M. Burton, Esq., Hightield, Gainsborough, which we
believe to be L.-c. Nysa. The Lelia crispa influence is unmistakeable, and
we believe that Cattleya Warscewiczii was the other parent. It was
purchased some years ago as a small seedling.

Four interesting flowers are sent from the collection of R. I. Measures,
Esq., Cambridge Lodge, Camberwell, by Mr. Smith. One is a handsome
hybrid Cattleya which was purchased about a year ago as C. Harrisoniana
x Hardyana, but the flower agrees so closely with C. x Mrs. Pitt, that we
Suspect the second parent may have been C. Dowiana aurea. Paphio-
pedilum x Olenus and P. x Charles Richman superbum are two well-

DECEMBER, 1906. | THE ORCHID REVIEW. 375

known and handsome hybrids, and the remaining one is a hybrid from
P. concolor X tonsum, and has the specific name ‘‘conco-tonsum.” It is
fairly intermediate in size and shape, and the colour is light yellow with
many small brown dots.

A flower of Leelio-cattleya Perrilosa (L. Perrinii x C. granulosa) is
sent from the collection of the Right Hon. J. Chamberlain, M.P., by Mr.
Mackay. The sepals and petals are purple, and most like the Leelia parent
in texture, but the lip is like the Cattleya in shape, having deeply cut side
lobes, whitish in colour, with a deep purple stalked front lobe. A second
hybrid was obtained with the record Lelia pumila x Cattleya maxima, but
the first mentioned must be a slip for L. Perrinii, which was clearly one
parent. The other may be correct, as the flowers looks like a\small Leelio-

cattleya Statteriana, in shape and colour.

THE LATE G. W. LAW-SCHOFIELD: A MEMORIAL CROSS.
(See Frontispiece).

In our Obituary notice of the late G. W. Law-Schofield (p. 314) it was
mentioned that a beautiful floral cross was sent by the members of the
Manchester and North of England Orchid Society, made of Orchid
flowers from their own collections. A photograph has been sent to us
by the Chairman, E. Ashworth, Esq., on behalf of the Committee, with
he request that it should be reproduced as the frontispiece to the
present volume. The cross was over six feet high, and the photograph
over ten inches, and in order to avoid much further reduction of detail
we have omitted two inches from the base. As the flowers are only
about an-eighth natural size it is not easy to make them out in the
figure, though in the photograph we can trace sprays of Odontoglossum,
Dendrobium Phalznopsis, Oncidium, Cattleya, Lelio-cattleya, Brasso-
cattleya, Calanthe veratrifolia, and several Cypripedes. The original
must have been very beautiful. It was made up by Mr. Mason, Florist,
Victoria Street, Manchester.

NOTES.

THE next meeting of the R.H.S., the last of the year, will be held at the
Royal Horticultural Hall, Vincent Square, Westminster, on December
r1th, when the Orchid Committee will meet at the usual hour, 12 o’clock
noon.

The subjects of the special Diploma competition on this date—which
completes the series—will be Cypripedium Spicerianum and C. insigne
with their hybrids, together with Calanthe and hybrids.

376 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [DECEMBER, 1906.

The Manchester and North of England Orchid Society will hold a
meeting at the Corn Exchange, Manchester, on December 13th. The
Committee meets at noon, and the exhibits are open to inspection from
I to 3 o’clock p.m.

A twin-flowered scape of Paphiopedilum Charlesworthii is sent from the
collection of H. Gurney Aggs, Esq., Pippbrook, Dorking. The character
is occasionally seen in strong, well-grown plants.

THE OrcuHID STuD-Boox.—The additions up to the end of 1906 are
being arranged, and will appear as a supplement to the volume. This.
course seems desirable, as the preparation and printing of the work have
taken longer than we anticipated.

ORCHID PORTRAITS.

CATTLEYA DowIANA AUREA VAR. Mrs. F. Harpy.—Journ. Hort. 1906,
ii. 407, with fig.

CATTLEYA X J. W. WHITELEY, RossLyn var.—Journ. Hort. 1906, ii.
451, with fig.

CYPRIPEDIUM FaIRRIEANUM.— Rev. Hort. 1906, p. 497, fig. 190.

CYPRIPEDIUM X GERMAINE OpoIx WESTFIELD vaR.—Gard. M ag.
1906, p. 766, with fig.; Jowrn. Hort. 1906, ii. p. 473, with fig.

CYPRIPEDIUM X PriAM.—Journ. Hort. 1906, ii. p. 497, with fig.

CYPRIPEDIUM X VIDOR.—Journ. Hori. 1906, ii. p. 429, with fig.

L&LIO-CATTLEYA BLETCHLEYENSIS.—Gartenfl. 1906, p. 505, t. 1555.

LycasTE Dyertana, Sander.—Bot. Mag. t. 8103.

PLEIONE YUNNANENSIS, Rolfe.—Bot. Mag. t. 8106; Gard. Mag. 1906,
p. 781, with fig.

STANHOPEA Warpb1I.—Rev. Hort. Belge, 1906, p. 236, fig. 53.

ANSWE RS TO CORRESPONDENTS.

[Orchids are named and questions answered here as far as possible. Correspondents are
vequested to give the native country or parentage of plants sent. An ADDRESSED postcard must be
sent if a reply by post is desired (abroad, reply postcards should be used). Subjects of spectal interest

k

will be dealt with in the body of the work}.

HG. Twin-flowered scapes on Cypripedes which are normally one-flowered is.
believed to be due to good culture, and consequent strength on the part of the plant. It
been observed and noted in many species and hyrbids.
: pear that the Cattleya fly is always liable to be re-introduced with
imported Cattleya labiata, and all newly imported plants should be examined, and swollen
deformed parts cut away.

J.G., and several others. Owing to pressure on our space through the annual Index
several notes are crowded out till next month.

INDEX.

ACERAS ee epee 93-

Acoridium, ne S5r.

Aéranthes ram a or

Aérides Houlletianum, i owler’s var., 246;

. Lawrence 44; suavissimum, 316;
irens Sandere, 244.

sy bata album majus, 234 ; Arnoldianum

; distichum, 363.

ens ums, 187.

Anguloa Clowesii, 181.

Aneectochilu 9. ;

Spots to Coneenintanie 32, 64, 96, 128,
192, 224, 256, 288, 320, 352, 376.

Mekeusbr things Orchidearum, 1235 ge , 123.
ee annamensis, 38, 170 pee
27, 271, 278, 280.
Arundina yaétiony: 259.
BARLIA saphena 93.
ateson the Progress ot Genetic

Res Seeatch 225;
Beetles, Orchid, 22
Bernard, Germination hy Orchids, 262 ;

symbiotic fungi, 154, 27
ceagheee Puctesuiier inka, 292.

Bletia amboinensis, 258.
Blinds. lath roller, 47, 48, 333) 347
ie — fees 38 ; Uganda, 365

(Re of )—

gr ign yoy Ove hidées, 62, 319;
piaiade wie Review, 62, Irish Gardener,

127; San r, Orchid Hybrids 157; Veitch,
Hortus Veitchit I

ound, Present day Orchid Culture, 30.
Bracken rhizomes, 30, 267
Brassavola Digbyana, 77, 100, (X 5S ophro-
nitis), for ; eg 51; nodosa (and the
calabash tree), 2

Bras ae zlia X balarucensis 135 ; elegans-
a, 309 ; ark h hybr id, 180.
Brassocattleya x Corda, "287 5 ‘Digbyano-
Mendel, 107 ;

Erotion. ; Madame Hye, 243, 2553 Mrs
Francis Wellesley, 135, 149; Mrs. J. Lee-
» 342; Or 134 3

Sai rp
striata splendidissima, 244;
The Baron 147.

Br. raseGepiden ndrum x stamfordiense, 342-
Brassollia x fladosa, 277, 286 ; Helen 157 5
as aang 60; Mrs. Gratrix magnifica, 5

s. G., Westfield var., 43; Vei ftchii,
ay

|

abe’ barbigerum, 271; cala
baricum, 220; Becca ea 219 ; crenu-
tataii , 38; Ericssoni, 270; Kerri, aed
longifiorum, 232 Mahoni, 132 ; robust

38 ; virescens, 243.
Bivinewinia mies i gigantea, 244.

CALABASH tree, 2
Calanthe Xx Harrisii 52 ; madagascariensis,

219; rubens, 120; Veitchil, 44, 52,

(sport), 94; (high culture of), :

estita nigro-oculata gigantea, 52; Vv.
o-oculata, 258 ; Warpuri, 219.

Calanthes, 205, 295 (deciduous), 74.
Calendar of Operations, 19, 45, 74 114, I 38,
185, cee 229, 266, 301, 330, 379.
ur 219.5. splendens

-7s
Ons rong > (x - ese ge ard ee =
ede Wav

Schilleriana,
Brownie, 345 ;

Beauty, 343;

Bradshawiana, 362, 365;

wate AOS sk E Goodsoni,

By super erba, 362 ;

x Farquharsoniana, 309, 316;

68 ; deigtpee 143, 146; X aber

delicata, 363; . Wigan, Goodson’

var., 243; Gaskellana "Gem 250; OC
x

Mossize alba), em, 29; X
Hardyana, 243, so a357 alba
Gratrix’s var., 370; sss ‘iluminata, 369 ;
x r Queen, 34° X, 310;
4 HOG. Selfvidve: 270 ; ; * hybrids, re
intermedia White Queen, 172 ; Iri

Countess of Morley, 277 + oe a AGdewweie,
1 Mir s Bromilow, 312;

“ var. fortissima, 312; X a,
estonbirt var., 363, 374;
idendrum vitellinum),

311 :
Loses (x Epi
318; X Lord Rothschild, Westonbirt var.,

?

378
Cattleya—
247, 253; X Lucieniana, ak 261i, aad ¢
luteola, 66; X Mantinii, 362; sponse owler’s
var., 363; < M. oe 343: X aroni,
Westtield War. 2% 5 aotersoni
superb,

a, 364 oy
Masters, 339; Mendelii, stare ng ;
M. Mrs. Frederick
pais Ames, 249; M. Owen’s

ollis, 253; oasis, I15, 180, 204
ertlisation ey ie 100 M. Jeremiah Colman:

Mrs. A.

W933 us Rocks 215; M.
Goodson, pee 354; M. Rei neckana, The
Baron, 211; M. Wictatig Resin, 213, 2153

a hie derick Knolly 10, 340, ie

r ,
a. J. W. Whiteley, 348; x Mrs. J. W
Rosslyn var., 339; X Mrs. Myra pibial

246; Mrs ae 74; rs
Mostyn ; X Octave Doin, ae
D. Herbert Goodson, 341, 343; X Pitti,
44; X Pittiana, Low’s var., 340;
Prince Edward, x obert 5

Rags Ot Rothw elliz, 349

42k SaNa. 207: Scho ies.
314; Schroederiana, 254; ;
sextus, 68; Skinneri (x
Parkinsonianum), 28;
Triane, 6

? 310 ;
T. J. Gurney Fowles 147 2)bs rae
Lad Se so4d, GE be
Premier, 86; T. Westonbirt var. 83;
Warscewiczii saturata,

248 ; W. White Queen, 243; X Whitei
splendidissima, 213: x Wildemanii, 342.
Cat ttleya (x soehesnins adidas), 100.
Cattleya disease, 301, 302 Wy 20, 3683
rids, 204, (albino hybrids, 301;
rhizome, 115.
Cattleyas, 45, 116, 203, 204, 302, 330;
mpost for, II t

m, 258.
; bractescens,6; x Sedeni,

Rictcoetatin oS 214; bre
capum 38 5 Meduse, 369; thou,
232; T26 ncolor, 232.

Cochlioda Rennie 249.

204.

Cochliodas

ccliacke od

celogy x Brymeriana, 173; cristata
(unusual flowering of), 124; Dayana,
215; Lawrenceana, 39; speciosa, 258,
294 ; yunnanensis,

Colax tripterus, La

Cookson on Hybrid agen 99.

Corallorhiza Corallorhiza, 358.

Crawshay, Hybrid Cringe weenie 228.

Crypto: nthus M

Bore es, 7. 66 Egertonianum viride,
240, 275.

ymbidium Peseta 234; X Colmania,
170; aoe ee 85;
ees bowie 144, 148; erythros-
tylum, 3% 3 338; x — 14;
grandiflo rum (X eburneum), g.

INDEX.

Cymbidiu
ivnwmeescpele 95, 148; X Holfordi-
85; Humblotii, 210; Huttoni,
es 3353 x PAnsoni, 145, 148, 175: 176,
4 3553. Xs vA. Delt yar., 218;
A ari ae x Lowgrinum, 1573
ies num (xX Tracyanum), 35 Fir
range var, I 4° 148; x Lowio- grandi-
u Ma ae Fowler, 14;
pumilum, 1033 acon Woe fie 218255) 2200's

Sanderi, 175. 176; Schreederi, 30, 133,
170, 189; oe 364.
Cymbidium
Cachan « compacta, 59, i Sc ae ta
279; 305; SP.» 300
mieten x Reals va
A. Redcliffe var, ay: x
Tatieese: Westfield var. 312 ; X Adrastus
' superbum use var., 8, x Ajax,
x Alcibiades Hg Seung 36, 43, 50:
x / an Leemann, 87, 125; X ane Good-
son, 355; Ap Senta 15:3
anum, 95; ee A. Leemann’s ae 16; X
aureum Cyris, 3} a ee as bag 110 5 ;
x Mrs Rogerson, x
er a. virginale, 86 ;
ae >

ies: Cann,
A. d

368; X Beatrice teak

erkele Lasdine Oakden

I a
18 ; Calceolus (in Britain), 306 ; x calloso-
Charlesworthii, 54; X calloso-Rothschild-
ianum, 243; X Carnusianum, 322;
Cecil Dickson, 53; Chamberlainianum, 4;
x Chameleon, rles Turner,
87; Chaikecorthi, 277, 336, (X nitens),
369; ouse,
tor, 8

n ee S
Daisy Barclay, 249; Dicksonianum,
525 oC SCOIOn,. 260 $) oe DF ACOs S48 se
Earl of Tankerville, Lt weet ithe,
Rowena, 84; x E mond Lord, 55; xX
Euryades, Low’s var., x magni-
ficum, 87; X E. splenden S, 153. x Farr-
lawn, 366; X xe) rrieano-Io, 14; Fair-

103, 167, 191, 289, 307,
(dar = ite ). 900; < Fe
IS sx der, var. King
Ficheneann, 311

giz: GF. Sander 165. x fulsha wense,
369 ; x Georges ia aaa 108 ; X
haaey BL 290 5.% G, naa ee
eld es Cae
punctatissimium 83; Godefroyze Co.
soni, 244, 249 ; trixianum,
age ; x Harri-Leeanum, Pa ge v

xk DL ar,
275; 2 Siege septa ot a: hirsutis-
simum, 103, 169, 290 ; S. Goodson

INDEX.

ae
108, 339; X DPAnsoni inversum, 312;
Bape eriale 216; insigne (at Bourton: ia
mee Water), 633.1. /Aber 13;
Chantinii (x C. Godefroyz leucoctiium)s
S73 1, Bipeewie in 553 1. confusum,
AG: arefield oe var, (X_ nitens
Erarniic ‘um Ball’s var.), 369; 1. Kathleen
Corser, LO: 1 ee 16; 1. Sander
3 x audiz), 247 ; is
giganteum, 16 ; javanicum, 295; X

Fieal, .13; ae W.
Young, 133; ys

323; X Lady Tripp 11; X Laeenins
Wrigley s a. 5G : ef La gower, 103 ;
Lawrencean :

x — Chaevene 13.5 :
Corona, 366; xX L. giganteum, 11, 16;
ah Se

rl. Gratrixie, 553 New Ha W Hey
ar. 153 X nize Cosees var, 3705.
luminosum, Marjorie. 341 .
<- Mary Beatrice, 10. ary
Lee, 13; Maudie, 125, 16% xX
M. y (ae i259; Measuresi-
anum, 42; X Miss Annie Goodson, 366 ;
X Miss Louisa Fowler, superba, 172;

x Miss Marian Sillem : ot IO
Sillem, 214; X Mrs
13, 28; Mrs. ecaty n, Chardwar var.,

56, 87; x Muriel sapere S45
te Bull’s var., 363 ; niveum, foc:
ree Gra e eis 240; 0
as 171 Premier, 171; X
Nora, 344; 'O’Brienianum, 13; xX Olga
Bradshaw, 278; X optimum, 369; X
Pallas, S55 x Penelope, 275; prastans
aureum, 2; ntzianum, 18;
Princess, Wellesleyanum, 310; x Rajah,
$5;.x Rex, 5 ogersonianum, 87 ;

6; x Ro
cm Rosita, 11 ; i choi, ‘Northaw
ar, 170; x ander No.
ee 314;
Eerceanan, 339, 3935 :
He OS aid. 10;

x ee 55; X tessellatum bens,
14, 28 ; x Thalia iid 10; X
Mrs.

oe Welles Te CV 13.4 x The
Duchess, 51, 87; x. The haem
51; tibeticum, 2, 183; xX Tityus, cho-
field’s var., 16 : x Troilus, 363; X Venus,
Low s var., 56; X Victor Cavendish, 110;
*

x Victory, ies x xul, 5

villma, ; x villoso-bellatulum, 110;
villosum, 104 ; .insigne Sanderz),
7s he Premier, 110; ioletta,

ah <x Watsonianum, 56;. X westpoint-
ee 4 H. Young, ;
nyyiad eae (and its allies), 42; X
Winston Churchill, 56 : Mates
as

_
oO

< bappeesied pe po csnlahe auriferum,
ok temis, 72; X
Arthur poets: ete 310; 2 Brodiei, 80,
83; Brymerianum, 151 ; compactum, 220;

w
~I
Oo

. Dendrobium—

crassinode, 147; X Curtisii, 73; Cybele,
Mitchell’s var.152; Da lhousieanum luteum,
180; Devonianum (x ee Heathii), 351;

284 ; fsenalitigs). 300 ; "Hod
lasiogiossum, 146, 149, 152, 222 ; Leeanum,
oD i

=i
© po

Dearei, 177, 178;

m, 167 ; ee Regina

Wardianum, 254 ;
W. x

2715

x nize Lae
107 ;. X er Geithaak 112; W
janum, Gatton Park var , 1073 Williamsi-
4 47, 188, 229; for flowering
; on ng of, 71.
hi i

XxX

Dies Orchidiani, 33, 2

Disa Cae cens, 69 ; Sraniilia, 249; pul-
chra, 1

EPICATTLEYA X Figaro, 310; mag¢ebur-
I

Epidendram: amabile, 234; atropurpureum,
ubens, 274: cna tk 67 ;
Cleon, 149; con-

fusum., 211; X eiavesie. Wallisii a

Endresii), 18t ; floribundum, 363;

sidiosum, 274; X kewense (self. fertlised,

272; odoratissimum, i¢ ;_radicans

sachets 4 29

170°; aL: tenebrosa

ocarpum), I

Bpiphn ronitis X \eitchii, 173, 228.

Eria globifera, 39 ; leiophylla, 39.

Oa 1 ny sis, 328; paniculata, 40 ;
ndula

Belophiella Peetersiana 319.

Events of 1905,

FooGs, 371. ge ;
Fungus Co-operation 16 Orchid Roots, 154,
201, 2

GALEANDRA Devoniana, 67.
esa Glaziovii, 208 ; Emcee 208, 270.

fo) 88 327.

HABENARIA iohedi 342; repens, 25c
triquetra, 2
Hatcher. W. H, 287.
Hemipilia a amethystina, 243.
Heredity, Laws of, 264.

380

Houlletia odoratissima xanthina, 214.

Humus, 294.

Hurst, Mendelian tiecannt of Inheritance, 97,

Hybridisation, 1o1 7; at Burford,
ve ; curiosities of, ah. limits of crossing,

Hybridisation Conference, 35, 223, 225, 226,
Hebridising with Mixed Pollen, 284, 291.

este $8, 332. 358; and the use of the
283, 358; natural, lol; variation in,

INSECT Pests, 19, 230, 303.

lelia Helen), 22 2

Hollidayana, 86; a Sanderiana (varia-
tion | of), /.94::; Schroederiana, 86;
Boothiana, 133; X canariensis, 84; xX
Daphne, 253; X Geestiana, 119;
Gilbertii, 119; grandiflora alba, 254;
Jongheana (xX -Sanige sa), 247; ee

alba, 254; X Mary Colman, 80, 83, 1

x Nora, 252 ; bee pst uped S41 Perrin
oe maxia), 5 37 5 arg (crosses), 28;

p- Gatton Park » 3433..P>.. superba;

343 + purpurata Duckworhi: 309 ; rubes-

espa tedd assocattleya ™ Noaipse’ Se

Leelio-cattleya X *Alcy 278; Antigone,
319; Aphrodite, por gs pr dea? ‘Sek ode er
delicata, 149 ;_ bell 12: e

ing Edward VII, 216; & Meteor, 212;
C. Queen Victoria, 215 ; Cappei, Smith’s
Kooks ha rlesworthii, f43... Clive
Westonbirt var., ia, 370; Denisii,

na, 340; Frederick re Kerchovee,
156, 174 , Geoffrey, 276; orge Branch,
320; G. G. Whitelegge 338 j Golden
Reainy: 364; Golden Glory, is
339; Gottoiana, 119, 31 Pra
85; Helena We stfield var. 50; Henr
Nemy, 147 She coma ft idee
illustris magnific

08; Meteor, 349; Gilberts
Blount, 247; Miss Mary Froude, 43;
Mrs. de re Sag pig 309 ; Mrs.

ould, 211 ;
Mrs. . H. Mitchell, nee "Mrs. Robert
Measures, 278; Mis. W. J. Dic kson, 366;

Myra Burford var., 83; Nysa "diggs
277; Ophir, ee magni
Oriens, 80, 151; — 3 550,
ass Song 29; 285 ;
albens, 247; P. Gatton Park var., Pas :
The sign “X” is not i fe pores as all
ade aes are hybrids.

INDEX.

Lelio-cattleya

Saxa, 252; ‘Schiller: 222 Statteriana,
361; S. oculata, 361; Sunray superba,
III ; Sunset, 308; renepbeak $33;° 350 >
unis, 310; Wellsiana, 56; woodfordi-

ensis, 308 ; Zoroaster, 135.
Lelio-cattleyas, 75) 417, 301;

76 ; seedli ng; 75, 332.
Law Notes, ; Leemann v. Linden & Co.,.

compost for,

161.
Lawrence Medal, Igo.

m be Me es
Lindley Medal, 3, 83.

Liparis Lloydii, 132; Loeselii (in Glamorgan-
shire). 8 ; tabularis, 148.
Lissochilus Horsfalli, ap Krebsii, 1703.
ahoni, 40 ; Uga nde
Listrostachys caudata, ap ; fimbriata, 79,.

Lueddemannia Pescatorei, 21

lize, 50; oodles: 843 Hennis-
lana, 292 ; Skinn eri Beauty, 112,
: ; tricolor, 246; t. albens, 246.
Lysoform, 192.

NORTH OF ENGLAND.
15, zz 87, 112, I51,.

MANCHESTER AND
ORCHID SOCIETY,

174, 214, 249, 312, 344. 3
Mansell, W., 62.
Masdevallia. x Bockin ng ea iralie 148;
arryana Gatton Park var.. 179; ignea

Burford var., 169; pat igneo- REAVEae, 146,
148 ; ruviana, Pourbaixii,.
107 ; tovarensis ig: Veichinha grandi-

flor
Wicacvalliae 267 ; at Woodhatch Lodge, ro
Maxillaria arachnites, ne : ible noti, 292
olitor, 214; nigrescens
Mendelian “La aws” of Inbbimaie: 97, 98;.
3,272; “F. 1” of Mendelian nomencia-
pa 2723 Genetics, 226 ; wo
OF, 263 : Law of bores, 98; Law
of Segregation, 97, 98.

Milt x Bleuana gion 174; Clowesii
M eleticlieiate 339 yeana, 276, 278 5.
. gpetiahilis 297 ;

PED pei “f Welboat
m, 112.

bei or ig buccinator, 363.

Mutatio

etiae Mahoni, 221.

NAMES—-generic, 357 ; Latinising,
Scientific, 357 ; specific, 3573 35983 to be
hase 357, 3593 Sy ie of, "358,

Nature v. The Or chid Gro er, 24, 34-

Ni grtelia Segara oes pea nigra, 358.

Nitrosomona radicol.

Nomenclature, Botanical, B5G. 357 5) OF
Hybrids, -

Notes, 31, 62 94, 127, 159, 190, 223, 255.
287, 319, 351, 375-

Novelties or 1905, 38.

INDEX. 381
Oak Leaves, 360. ae
Obituary—F. W. Borbidge, 8: Cou 1. Mossii, 171; 1. sceptrum, Dell
eichove, 1243=G. . Law- Schofield, 4 ‘171 ; maculatum (X citrosmum), 351)
314, 425; Semmie Cross), 375; H. M. (x Rossii), 299; x mi
Pollet, 1245 James En nglehart Vanner, gba junon, 1 b Meteor,
166 ; Reg inald van te 147.5 Oe. 240, 242; Pescatorei,
Odontioda e Bohnhoffie, ay ; heatonensis, 167 25: Le ie Ae te sii ; platychilum
08, 118, 291; Vuylstekeze, 217, 291 61, 95, 327; purum, 247; X Queen
Odontoglossum xX Adriane, 127, 194, 195 3 Alexandra Carmen, 214; X Rolfez

< A.aureum, I51 ; yee eees agers
85 ; xX altum Bellone, ee 2A Ox
am. tbile Goliath, 241, 242

x Ander sonianum 101,

anu alt
crapedias gio iesanie
pg es 27
247; crispum, 194
age ed forms of),
4 (trilabellate), a » E feline) a
rodite, 7 ee

4:
E71
Law- Schofield,

Pittianum, v7
cess Ena, 174; ueen 0
c. Queen of the ‘Eatth, i137;
c hecags -

x Elaine,

e. Knox’s var., 363
195) > eat ee Mrs. a Stewart
Our King

x ’ x
Fletcherianum, 248, 2553.5 yes

eee 1 ex
wo; x LL, pauiairunn, ve a
gen gegaig 110; Londes-
ooc agi agieeo

12
boroughianum, 37
oo cewen, {67,2

195, 248, 256;

ia, 241, 242.
caacoee aeoniagen house (at Kew), 328;

Ideal, 129
Odontoglossum re Cochlioda), 100; dried
piv

Odonioglossums, 2. 5,22

Rossii Sateaculatr,

196 ;
Thompsonianum, 222;
; triumphans, 157; t- ionel
Crawshay, 151; t. Dell var., 1703 Una,
3£9, 3493 X Uriana, es 3493. vexillarium
Stevensil,
sane Sass 293
150, 157 ; Wiganianam, 56 ;
aeitkexanuth eae F. Claes, 200; x W.
Rex. 16; x W. Schroedérianum, 123.58

W. Thalia 2

The

of, 198; seeds, 117, 154, 201;
, 129, 154, 197, 201,
347, 359 3 500 compost te 23,

f,

127, 167, 228, 240 ; Impor ed, 343 1 f-
compost, I n their native habitats,
315; natural hybrid, 228, (secondary),
e205 a esent, and future, 35;

P
seedlings, 2 oo 4a, 34 3 196, 198,
269, 291, 333, 300 (grub "destructive ‘to),

332-
Odonton nia X Lairessex, 2.
Oncidium candidum 337 Cebolleta 126
Claesii, 191 ; corynephorum, I ; X illustre,
anum, Saat juncifolium, 299 ;
m, 67; : nthu um, a; mona-
. Se eric ieeliich, aoe
279, 286; Waluewa, 368.

205.

oe 236; apifera (X
Muteliz, 2 305. x

Doieraek: 230 9X

oe oo. x hybrida, 23 353 x

Muteliz
Ophrys, British hybrid, 2 35.
Orchi eR ; od 93; longibracteata,

95

Sete. Taidee. 353 floating, 250, 292
fungus, 117, 262, 263, 290 ; Orchid grow-
ing (and collecting) in Java, 93, 257 3 in
the Tropics, 65, 98 ; present day, 39 ; grub,
205 ; oe wie Portraits, 37

Or

Orchid Stud B Bo ok, 376.

— t Bu rford, 270; at Clare Lawn, 133,
299 ; las
Hous i 28

237 3
78, IOI, 191, 279, 3273 at Putney, 353;

382 INDEX.

Orchids—
at Rawdon, 335; at Wilderspool, ch La :

131 ; for Amateurs, g46: from Liverpool,
60; from Penarth, 374 ; germination ik
116,377, 1553° hardy from s eed, 70

Season, ee 43, 90, 126, 156 8, 222, ey

Mr.
196; Mr. Co ca 165; Mr. Crawshay’s
197; ve emt S, 166; Mr. MaoBeans,
Loy U3 ne ee ] pias tree,
Sols hatte een Ob 77° 203;
(method rk aie Se: ; seedling, vi 118
155, 202, 205, 263, iba: 332 5 spotted-
lea 86 ; Summer treatm of, ee
Ter restrial, "204 ; os he Heavenlest Flower,
237: Then and N , 88; under Trees,
269; washing the tiie of, 303.
Osmunda fibre, 336.

PALUMBINA candida, 337.
Paphiopedilum affine, ee _amabile 183
App

onianum 17; eum Roger-
sonianum, 91; ade ao 254: bellatulum,
168, 169; X x bin gleyense ; Bulleni-

rim 320, 358s Nsou bs of) 39 x Fowlerze

. Sin lead,

Her ee fics he inne eet 1 :
Hitchinsic, 44; xX illustre Poca es :
xX Krishna

x | Oakes Ames, 91

Princess, 113 ; Rappartii, 348 ; *
Rhesus, 60 ; Robbins superbum, 159;
x Rog A a dint gt; xX Salus, 30;
x Scipio, Ol ; X.-Seraphis, 60; x

4

tonsum, 29 ; venustum (x Esthantuneen’,
8; X Valleti, 60.

Parasites and Saprophytes, 116,

Peristeria elata, 188, 279-

oe cochlearis, 13.

Phai x Cooksoni, = x Doris, 180 ;

outa 543 ane 258.

Phalzenopsis amabilis. ead 233, 234, 259,
291, (at Heaton, Bradford) 233; a. Rime-
stadiana, 175, 233, 259; Aph ie 230:
fugax, 274; grandiflora, 235; Lueddemann-
jana, a, 133; Marie, 8; rosea, 199;

?

Phalenopsis, 115, 139, 187, ers 260, 331;
beetle, = ° ga ae 261; Propagation
from roo 155 ; seedling, 202.

Pca oie editen oasatene 358.

Platycliais filiformis, 275
Pleione pogonioides 81, 86; yunnanensis.

81, 86,

pleurothalli velaticaulis, 342 ; venosa, 131.
Pollen

Polyoodinmn ‘ibre re, 336:

he dane SS bicolor, 220; grandiflora, 309 ;

oldiana, 102.

banecaree — VAR ERIDES Fieldingii, 32 3

Houlletianum, Fowlers var., 288. —
ANGRACUM ‘Arnold,anum, 319; cauda-
tum, 319; Kotschyi, 224; ng ccna aee
95. — RG ACHWANTRE annamen aT,
191. — BIFRENARIA Fuerstenbergians,
319 — BRASSAVOLA gbya 63.

BRASSOCATTLEYA Mrs. pants Wellestey,
60;°224's he ee 191. — BRASSO-
LE&LIA Edward VII ee

mum, 95. — CATT
bicolor, 32; scatter te 235, one
aurea Mrs. F. Hardy, 376 sita,
5. x J. We Whiteley eaten var.,
3755 gee Mrs. Francis Wellesley,
192 ie iane Backhouseana, ane
Mendeli Frau Lina Abeken, 320; M.
s. Frederick rn gt be 224 ; M. sueeh
mess ndra, 288 ; inucia. 63; Mossiz
Reineckeana, The. Baro n, 256; X Octave
Doi 28; eetersil, Mrs. Francis
Wellesley, ay Schreederz alba, 192;
Skinneri, 320; %X weedoniensis, 63.—
age virescens, 352.— CC@LLOGYNE
ocellat maxima, 63. — ee
erythrostyu 352 x mee ieanum,
32 olfo raioatae 95; Lowianum,
3525 ght soracs 320% Pie helene
HIS compacta, 63. —
Cre PRIPEDIUM X albopurpureum, 63; X
Alcibiades magnificum, 63, 95; bella-
tulum, 192; Boxallii ‘nigrescens, 125;
D

caudatum, 63; %* Daisy Barclay, 32:
debile, 32 ; Fairrieanum, 192,
, 64; Fletcherianum, 35
Germaine Opoix Westfield var., 376 ;
Godefroyee Hodgkinsoni, et rsutissi-
mum, 224 ; insigne sylhetens x pigatieniet
ep ag © 192 ; niveum, 224;
San-Actzeus, 32 ;
tessellatum rubens x alia Mrs

ROBIUM
aureum, 192; densiflorum “albolutedey,
64; Devonianum. 160; X Curtisii, 128;
formosum gigan sage m, 64: Jamesianuim,
32; luteolum nobile, 128, 160

al Pha

160. — Disa_ grandiflora, 160;
pach ais sro var., 64. — EPI-
CATTLEYA magdeburgensis, 64.
Phenbauke adenocarpum, 320. —

INDEX. 383

Portraits—
EpIpactis latifolia, 192; EULOPHIA
nuda, 96.—GRAMMATOPHYLLUM specio-

sum, 288.—- HABENARIA bifolia, 192; |
procera, 96.—L#LIA anceps Schroeder
lana, 128; a. Williamsii, 320; sajalte
alba, 256; X Nypiniven ae Park var.,
128 ; pumila var. pre » 320.—LALIO-
CATTLEYA blet tchleyensis 288, 352, 376;
Digbyano - Mendel 288; epicasta,

Gatton Park var., ‘: pelea Westfield
1 rs. d

Park var. 256; The Baron, 160 —
LISSOCHIL. US Horsfallii, 128, 160 ; Mahoni,
32. —,LISTROSTACHYS hamata, 192;
pellucida, 96 —LYCASTE Dyeriana, 3763
Skinneri, 160.—MACODES javanica, 160.
—MaXxXILLaRIA Binoti, 320—MILTONIA
vexillaria var. Empress sar icieee Victoria,
6. IoDA_ Vuylstekez, 256.—
OpowTocLossum amabi Te I. eps
Ay x R Sovereign, si
nie Rane pa seas ora; -96%
Venus, 224; ispum illustratum, pian
c. G. W. Law- Schofie lds 2243 -c, enue
Perfect, 224; c. Pittianuim, 128; c.. Queen
atte Earth, ibs hag 4 i 128 ;
x ambeatiianum, 128; X L. exquisitum,
23; nevium, 352; OQasahees 224

ise 1 oe

peat Golden | Queen 288 ; :
Pitti, 160%. > W. Sch roederianum, ee
ONCIDIUM "Lance ceanum, 192; X Stanleyi,
320; tigrinum splendidum, 320. -OPHRYS
apifera, 192.-—PAPHIOPEDILUM _ glau-
cophyllum, 256; HAIUS Soca
flavus, 224 ; tuberculosus superbus, 96.—
PHALANOPSIS amabilis Rimestadiana
alba, 320; gloriosa, 128; Lueddeman-
niana 160; Schilleriana, 96.—-PLEIONE
yunnanensis, 128, 376. — POLYSTACHYA
or ge he Laurentii, 96 ; mystacidioides,
6. COLABIUM be llinum, . 224.—
ae x Amesiz, 288 ; H olfordi,
256 ; macrantha, 320.—So PHROCATTLE .EYA
x Dori ris, 32, 128 ; warnhamensis, 2

e, 1
376; X Wolteriana, 64. — STAUROPSIS
lissochiloides, eh —-VANDA Sanderiana,
Chillingham var., 32. — ZYGOPETALUM
Burti, er

~ glass, 304 ; thimble, 272; scrubbing,

Pot ing, 46, 142, 204; (art of), 140.
Porting na 140.

Pro x Crawshayana, 247.

_ ac emo aaa eg 219.

QUEKETTIA Jenmani, 211.

RENANTHERA annamensis, IQI.
Rodriguezia laxiflora, 66 ; secunda, 66.

|
|

Rolfe, ae Hybrids of the Cattleya
group, 227; The Orchid Revolution, 127.
Royal Horticultural Society, 10, 50, 82, 106,.
144, 169, 210, 242, 275, 308, 338, 362 ;.
Diploma Cont petit ons, 31, 52 ; Orchid
Committee, 37; Veitchian Cup, 178, 181.

SACCOLABIUM rubescens, 103, 220.

Sarcochilus tiie us, 2736
Satyrium nigrum, 358 ; odorum, 79.
cat bi 1G. 231.

Schomburgkia chionodora 13.
Scuticaria Steelii, 66.

Shading, 47, 48, 346.

Slugs, 20.

Spall: 20

ean x Amesiz, 213; Holfordi, 213 ;
277; macrantha, 7.

> rb retin 230. ve

Sophrocattleya x Doris, 15; eximia, 365 5.

Saxa, 43! w warnhamensis, Cerise; 107.

Sophr roeattleyas, 205.

Sophroleelia ne Phroso, 2A7, 252.

Sophrolelia

Sophronitis eaeases Meee

Spathoglottis x Colmanii, 80, 83; x C-

fulvissima, 243; __plicata, 258 ; pe

Micholitzii, pl Vieillardii, 300.

Sphagnum a 115.

Spider, Red, 2

Spiranthes aes ea 1:

Staging, 130, 347.

Staking, 230.
Stanhopea ou, sak 3; grandiflora, 314.

Syringing, 5.

TAINtA Fuerstenbergiana, 292.
Temple Show, 178.

Thrips, 20 230.
ee Marshalliana alba, 214; Veitchiana

Then nias, 74.

Townsonia deflexa, 315.

Trevoria Chloris, 310
Trichocentrum atropurpureum, 67.

UROPEDIUM, 358.
VANDA ccerulea, 336 ; limbata, 294 ; x Miss.
Joaquim, 270, x Ma arguerite Maron, 270 +

Sanderiana, Chillingham var-, 10; suavis,
294; teres, 169, 187; t. aurorea, 281 ; t-
id

Veitch, Jam s, & Sons, 351.
Veneition, ee (top), 5-

WALUEWaA pulchella, 368.
Watering, 45.
Woodlice, 95.

384
XYLEBORUS morigerus, 122.
Cypri-

ybridisation
Cypripedium records,

YOUNG, — collection, 298 ;
pediums sed by, 323; H
Peccamons: Sai;

321, 324.

INDEX.

ZYGOCOLAX X Veitchii Kromeri, 133

Zygoglossum umbellatum, 2

Zygonisia » 300.

Oar ts a I te x max-Jorisii
533 sp. (Amazon), 67.

Zygopetalum Oc Pieri uaa Zo.

Zygopetalums,

LIST. OF LLLUDSTRATIONS.

‘Brassocattleya Erotion : . - 49
-Cattleya X Browniz ~ 345
‘Cattleya X Maroni, Westiahd: WA Oe
‘Cattleya Fly - - - 368
Cymbidium Huttoni - - - ~ 2253
Cymbidium X TPAnsoni_— - - - 145
-Cymbidium rhodochilum — - - - 209
-Cynorchis purpurascens - “ts 308
Dendrobium xX Artenis— - - wives
Dendrobium X Curtisii —- - res: fe
Dendrobium superbum - - eke ay Be
Dendrobivm superbum Dearei v9 f
Fungus Co-operation iu Orchid Roe 201

Leelia rubescens - eae i

Lelio-cattleya Statteriana oculata - 361
Law-Schofield, G. W., the late : 5
Memorial Cross of Orchids - Frontispiece
Miltonia spectabilis - - - -
Miltonia spectabilis Moreliana - «ao
Odontioda Vuylstekez - si Bay |

-Odontoglossum x altum Bellone - 241
Odontoglossum X amabile Goliath - 241

-Odontoglossum xX ardentissimum
Apollo - - 240

sa one x sedchenestia
eximiu - 240
iene crispum os clin 121

|

Odontoglossum crispum Queen of the
Earth - - - - -
Odontoglossum bering G. W. Law-
Schofield - - - -

Odontoglossum
Odontoglossum

x Eurydice - -
x formosum Diana -
Sigh ie sae x Lambeauianum ex-
i oh
Odontoglossum

x Be iain Orion -
x rubicans - -
Odontoglossum < Smithii - -
Odontoglossum X Stewartianum

Odontoglossum XX Wilckeanum Thalia
Oncidium candidum - - - -

| Paphiopedilum Appletonianum -

“SION

Paphiopedilum bellatulum - -
Paphiopedilum Bullenianum - -
| Paphiopedilum Fairrieanum - -
Paphiopedilum hirsutissimum — -
Paphiopedilum x Imogene - -
Paphiopedilum x Princess - - -

| Paphiopedilum x Statterianum -

|

(

Phalzenopsis amabilis - - - e
Pleione yunnanensis - - : ‘
Sarcochilus unguiculatus = - x 5
Stanhopea eburnea~ - - S -
Vanda teres candida - - s .

R. W. SIMPSON

AND CO., LTD., PRINTERS,

RICHMOND AND LONDON.

MURRAY'S PATENT
ORCHID STAND.

If you want to grow Orchids to

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‘*Try a few on Stands.”

Pronounced by most of the
leading Orchid Growers to be
perfection.

MILLIONS SOLD.

i by William Murray, late Orchid
o N. C. Cookson, Esq. now with

can Well Works,

Queen Victoria Beet London, E.C.

145,

Price List containing full information
from

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ORCHIDS. ORCHIDS.

Wwe have an erctonne? large and waried stock of
Orchids and offer clean, healthy ce ne 2 grown
plants in various sizes at most reasonable

Rare and Choice Cyprinediums, and Scsdrdhhens
a speciality,

the best varieties.
Inspection Gordiatly Invited.
NEW DESCRIPTIVE & PRICED CATALOGUE FOR 1906 POST FREE.

A.J. KEELING & SONS,
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NEW EDITION

SANDER’S

HYBRID ORCHID
LIST,

Complete and Up-to-date, with
Names and Parentages
naar the —. bie: pee Orchids, whether introduced
or ra tee ged in Tabular, alphabetical forms
so that os Hyb i erived from eat species or
Hybrid may ertained at a glance. Concise,
reliable, and indixpensable to the epran the expert,
and everyone interested in Orc
Price 5/- Extra well bound in half-roan, 7/

ALSO

SANDER S

QROHID GUIDE

CONTAINING
ALL THE BEST KNOWN SPECIES ANP
ARIETIES OF

ORCHIDS IN CULTIVATION

Their native — orto egg of the plants and

flowers, season of flowering, best method of cultiva-

tion, ancesaiies, Ww atetthe fiolting. ventilation,
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Concise, reliable, instructive & useful.
Extra well bound in half-roan, 7/6,
Extract from the fournal of the Royal
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‘* It must have entailed an enormity of

labour, and should be welcomed by all
Orchid Growers and specialists.”

SAN DER & SONS,

ST. ALBANS.

ORS TiLDS.

Those especially who contemplate forming a Collection would profit by consulting

STANLEY

SOUTHGATE,

Whose advice and plants would be found equally good.

me. Go;
LONDON. N.,

Large and varied importa-

tions from all parts are continually on offer,

ORCHIDS.

Importations continually arriving
from all parts of the world.

A large and varied stock of estab-
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HOOLEY BROS.,

Importers and Growers,

BITTERNE PARK, SOUTHAMPTON.

ORCHIDS.
Mr. ARTHUR PAUWELS

exclusively engaged to collect in ee
Cattleya Mendeli, gigas, nz,
Schroeder ea, Picnancoleas
crispum, Penaiece etc., etc.

ORDERS PROMPTLY EXECUTED AFTER
ARRIVAL.

Theodor Franke,
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Germ

ORCHIDS.

THEODORE PAUWELS,
Orchid Villa Nursery,
MEIRELBEKE STATION, near Ghent,

BELGI

Importations are constantly arriving.
Fine stock of well grown plants.
Seedlings and rare varieties.

Price lists on application.

CHEAP, CHOICE, HEALTHY
ORCHIDS.
PLANTS AND PRICES STAND COMPARISON.

$mportations constantly arriving.
See Catalogue,

J. W. MOORE, Liniaed,
RAWDON, via LEEDS.

ARMSTRONG & BROWN,

ORCHID RAISERS, IMPORTERS,
OWERS.

Raising Hybrid Orchids a Speciality.

** ORCHIDHURST,”
_ Sandhurst Park, _ Tunbridge Wells,

Buy First Hand;

buy from the Raiser.
VIGOROUS, CLE

EAN, HkALTHY STock ‘TO SELECT FROM

INSPECTION INVITED.

Exchange of Duplicates.

Cypriped. x Evelyn Ames, A.M.
and Odont. crispum xanthotes var.,
preferably for Cyp. insigne Harefield
Hall and Odont. x oochristense or
Odont. x excellens.

Flowers of each exchanged bef h ing
duplicates.

STANLEY RILEY,
63, WHALLEY RANGE, BLACKBURN

ONCIDIUM CLAESII (ROLFE) NEW

A small importation of this very beautiful
new species just to hand.
June last.

For description please see Advertisement in “O.R.”

I beg to offer also very choice importations of

Cattleya Mendelii. An extra fine type. Perfect flowers with large
fringed lips.

Odonto. crispum. Collected
blo

Odonto. hastilabium,

Prices on APPLICATION.

in the very best district for large
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A very distinct species of easy culture.

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Telegraphic Lat

twa Siva and
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ETTERBEEK- “BRUSSELS.

GARDENIA, BRUSSELS.

importer,

WATER COLOUR PAINTINGS OF
ORCHID BLOOMS

Executed by
H. H. CLEGG, Orchid Grower,
NURSERY ROAD,
PRESTWICH,
Nr. MANCHESTER.

Accuracy of size and colour
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Miss NO RTH 9 ARTIST.

Speciality —

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Of Orchid Blooms.
EVERY DETAIL ACCURATE. PRICES
MODERATE. ATTENTION,
Specimens will be sent with pleasure.

Or send Bloom and 10s. d receive @

carefully esos and ‘correct painting of the
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ROSE ganna: FRASER GROVE,
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ORCHID PANS of superior quality.
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Have a large and fine stock of established

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INSPECTION INVITED.

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ORCHIDS!
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CHOICE CATTLEYAS, CYPRIPEDIUMS, AND
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Please write for List.
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or

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