occasional papers of the

Farlow.
Herbarium of cryptogamic botany

No. 17 August, 1982 Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts

Donalc H. Pfister A Nomenclatural Revision of F.J. Seaver’s North American
Cup-Fungi (Operculates)

Edited by: Donald H. Pfister
Carolyn S. Hesterberg

ISSN: 0090-8754

occasional papers of the

Farlow
HerbariuM of cryptogamic botany

No. 1.
No. 2
No. 3
No. 4.
No. 5.
No. 6
No. 7.
No. 8.
No. 9
No. 10.

Sylvia A. Earle: Hummbrella, a New Red Alga of Uncertain Taxonomic
Position from the Juan Fernandez Islands (June 1969).

. |. Mackenzie Lamb: Stereocaulon arenarium (Sav.) M. Lamb, a

Hitherto Overlooked Boreal-Arctic Lichen (June 1972).

. Sylvia A. Earle and Joyce Redemsky Young: Siphonoclathrus, a

New Genus of Chlorophyta (Siphonales: Codiaceae) from Panama
(July 1972).

|. Mackenzie Lamb, William A. Weber, H. Martin Jahns, Siegfried
Huneck: Calathaspis, a New Genus of the Lichen Family Cladoniaceae
(July 1972).

|. Mackenzie Lamb: Stereocaulon sterile (Sav.) M. Lamb and Stereo-
caulon groenlandicum (Dahl) M. Lamb, Two More Hitherto Over-
looked Lichen Species (March 1973).

_ 1. Mackenzie Lamb: Further Observations on Verrucaria serpuloides

M. Lamb, the Only Known Permanently Submerged Marine Lichen
(April 1973).

Bruce H. Tiffney and Elso S. Barghoorn: The Fossil Record of the
Fungi (June 1974).

Donald H. Pfister: The Genus Acervus (Ascomycetes, Pezizales).
|. An Emendation. II. The Apothecial Ontogeny of Acervus flavidus
with Comments on A. epispartius (May 1975).

. Donald H. Pfister: A Synopsis of the Genus Pulvinula. A New

Combination in the Genus Gymnomyces. Norton G. Miller: Studies
on North American Quaternary Bryophyte Subfossils. |. ANew Moss
Assemblage from the Two Creeks Forest Bed of Wisconsin (July
1976).

Emmanuel Sérusiaux: Some Foliicolous Lichens from the Farlow
Herbarium (August 1976).

Continued on back cover

A NOMENCLATURAL REVISION OF F.J. SEAVER'S
NORTH AMERICAN CUP-FUNGI (OPERCULATES)

DONALD H. PFISTER

The North American Cup-fungi (Qperculates) (Seaver
1928) has been a standard reference for more than 50 years.
It was revised by Seaver in 1942 and has stood as an author-
itative source since that time. No modern work on the Pez-
izales fails to cite it and, though there are some mono-
graphs for genera and some regional floras, one invariably
still turns to this book when one is identifying Pezizales.

In the years since Seaver's work, the Pezizales have
been reworked at the generic level and important cytologi-
cal, histochemical, and developmental work has been done on
the group. Several major monographs of genera have been
written as well as checklists and regional reports. It is
not surprising that, when using Seaver's treatment, one is
often able to identify a species without having any idea of
where the species belongs in modern generic systems.
Seaver's treatment was a highly artificial one. I have set
about annotating Seaver's nomenclature.

Modern currently accepted names for his concepts or
Names are provided in the list which follows. These are
opinions. Certainly one can turn to Seaver's list of
synonyms and find other opinions. I have tried to follow a
conservative pathway and have listed binomials which for the
most part are now in common usage. In a few cases some
rearrangement is proposed but generic concepts are _ those
which are found in Eckblad!s (1968) revision, Rifai's (1968)
treatment of the Austral-Asian Pezizales, Dennis's (1978)
recent revision, or Korf's keys (1972, 1973a).

I have not tried to provide all of the synonyms but
rather to fit Seaver's taxa into recognizable modern genera.
This has been easier in some groups than in others as_ the
listing which follows will amply show. Some genera have
been well worked; others are woefully understudied. Still
it is hoped that those using the book will find this annota-
tion helpful.

The annotation is made up of three parts. Part I lists
the name used by Seaver, the page number in North American
Cup-fungi (Operculates) revised edition, and the equivalent
name where known. Comments on some of the names are made in
numbered notes referred to in the revised list. Those
Seaver names which are underlined were listed as doubtful by
Seaver. The Seaver names marked with a "+" represent names
which for sundry reasons were not possible to verify in
North America. Part II is an index to the revised names as
listed in Part I. The page numbers refer to Seaver's book.
With each generic name, reference to recent monographic work
is given. Part III is a bibliography. Most recent treat-
ments containing references to North American taxa are
listed.

I wish to thank several curators who have seen to it
that I had specimens for study. These are Clark T. Rogerson
(NY), David Farr (BPI), John H. Haines (NYS), and Richard P.
Korf (CUP). My debt to Prof. Korf is a profound one. He
reviewed this manuscript, made suggestions, and gave
encouragement. He provided many of the clues which lead to
the solution of some of the tangles. He also got me started
on discomycetes as a graduate student. This research was
supported in part by National Science Foundation grant DEB
8023018 to the author.

Page
43

44

45

46

46

47

48

49

50

51

6

a2

53

56

58

58
59

PART I

NAME USED BY SEAVER

Sphaerospora trechispora

S. flavovirens

S. perplexa

S. brunnea

S. hinnulea

S. monilifera
Pseudoplectania
vogesiaca

P. nigrella

P. fulgens
Sphaerosoma hesperium
Boudiera areolata

B. echinulata

B. marginata
Lamprospora crouani

L. laetirubra

L. dictydiola

L. areolata

REVISED NAME

Scutellinia trechispora
(Berk. & Broome) Lambotte

Scabropezia flavovirens
(Fuckel) Dissing & Pfister

Lamprospora fide Denison
(1960)

Trichophaea brunnea (Alb.
& Schw.) Batra in L. R.
and S. T. Batra

T. confusa (Cooke) Berthet

T. hinnulea (Berk. &
Broome) Batra in L. R.
and S. T. Batra

T. monilifera (Berk. &
Curtis) Pfister

Pseudoplectania melaena
(Fr...) Sacc.. (1)

P. nigrella (Pers.)
Fuckel

Caloscypha fulgens (Pers.)
Boud.

Ruhlandiella berolinensis
P. Hennings

Boudiera areolata Cooke &
Phill.

B. echinulata (Seaver)
Seaver

Ascobolus nodulosporus
Brum.

Lamprospora miniata De
Not.

"L. laetirubra (Cooke)
Lagarde"

L. dictydiola Boud.

L. areolata Seaver

60
60
61
62

63

63
64
65
66

66
67

67

68

69

69

70

70

70

71

iz

72

ascoboloides
annulata
spinulosa

crec'hqueraultii

macrantha

brevispinosa
tuberculata

maireana

. wrightii

tuberculatella

amethystina

carbonaria

. haemastigma

constellatio

wisconsinensis

gemmea

discoidea

salmonicolor

trachycarpa

detonia

nigrans

L. ascoboloides Seaver
L. annulata Seaver
L. spinulosa Seaver

L. crec'hqueraultii
(Crouan & Crouan) Boud.

L. macracantha (Boud. )
Seaver

L. brevispinosa Seaver
L. tuberculata Seaver
L. maireana Seaver

L. wrightii (Berk. & Curtis
in Berk. & Br.) Seaver

L. tuberculatella Seaver

?Pulparia amethystina
(Quel. ) Donadini

Pulvinula carbonaria
(Fuckel) Boud.

P. convexella (P. Karst.)
Pfister

P. convexella (P. Karst.)
Pfister

P. laeterubra (Rehm)
Pfister

P. archeri (Berk. & J. D.
Hooker) Rifai

P. discoidea (P. Henn. &
E. Nym.) Batra

P. salmonicolor (Seaver)
Pfister

Plicaria trachycarpa
(Curr. ) Fuckel

Scabropezia flavovirens
(Fuckel) Dissing & Pfister

Plicaria nigrans (Morgan)
Pfister (2)

73

74

74

73

75

76
77
78

a2

80
82

83
83

84
85
85
86
86
87

87
58
89
89
90

L.

Tes

leiocarpa

planchonis

lobata

exasperata

polytrichina

Pithya pithya

P.
Pe

lacunosa

cupressi

Ascodesmis microscopica

A,

porcina

Ascobolus stercorarius

immersus

glaber

winteri
americanus
leveillei
viridulus
candidus

magnificus

carbonarius
geophilus
subglobosus
albinus

xylophilus

Plicaria endocarpoides
(Berk.) Rifai

Pulparia planchonis (Dun.
ex Boud.) Korf, J. K.
Rogers, Pfister

Lamprospora lobata (Berk.
& Curtis) Seaver

Plicaria recurva (Berk. )
Rifai

Lamprospora polytrichina
(Rehm) Seaver

Pithya vulgaris Fuckel
P,. vulgaris Fuckel

P. cupressina (Batch)
Fuckel (3)

Ascodesmis sphaerospora
Obrist (4)

A. porcina Seaver

Ascobolus furfuraceus
(Pers.) W. J. Hooke

A. immersus (Pers.) Pers.

Saccobolus glaber (Pers.)
Lambotte

A. elegans J. Klein

A. amoenus Oudemans

(5)

A. crenulatus P. Karst.
A. aglaosporus Heimerl

A. scatigenus (Berk.)
Brumm,

A. carbonarius P. Karst.
A. geophilus Seaver

A. subglobosus Seaver

A. albinus

A. xylophilus Seaver

90

A. striisporus
A. epimyces

atrofuscus

viridis

purpurascens

brunneus

cubensis

vinosus

.

major

[> [> [> I> I> I> I>

I>

conglomeratus

A. trifolii

A. pusillus

Saccobolus kerverni

S. portoricensis

S. violascens
S. depauperatus

S. globuliferellus
S. obscurus

Aleuria aurantia

A. wisconsinensis

A. cestrica

A. bicucullata

A. rhenana

A. foliicola Berk. &
Broome

A. epimyces (Cooke)
Seaver

A. carbinarius P. Karst.
(6)

(7)

(8)

A. cubensis Berk. &Curtis

(9)

A. scatigenus (Berk.)

Brumm,

Angelina rufescens (Schw.)
Inby fide Seaver (not a
member of the Pezizales).

Pseudopeziza trifolii

(not a member of the
Pezizales)

A. pusillus Boud. (10)

S. glaber (Pers.)
Lambotte

S. portoricensis Seaver

S. versicolor (P. Karst.)
P., Karst.

S. depauperatus (Berk. &
Broome) E. C. Hansen

S. globuliferellus Seaver
(rd)

Aleuria aurantia (Pers.)
Fuckel

A. aurantia

A. cestrica (Ellis &
Everh.) Seaver

A. bicucullata Boud.

A. rhenana Fuckel

100

101
102
103

104

104

106
106

107
107
108
108
Log
109
Lo

LEZ

Je

Lis

Hl

A. rutilans

Aleurina atrovinosa
A. aquehongensis

Melastiza charteri [sic]

M. asperrima

Melastiza pennsylvanica

Psilopezia nummularia

P. hydrophila

P. deligata

P. trachyspora

P. flavida

P. aquatica

P. mirabilis
Pyronema omphalodes

P. leucobasis

Ascophanus Holmskjoldii

A. isabellinus

A. sarcobius

A. bermudensis

Leucoscypha rutilans
(Fr.) Dennis & Rifai

Peziza atrovinosa Gerard
(12)

Melastiza chateri (W. G.
Smith) Boud.

Scutellinia asperrima
(Ell. & Everh. ex Seaver)
Le Gal

S. pennsylvanica (Seaver)
Denison

(13)

Pachyella hydrophila
(Peck ex Sacc.) Pfister

Psilopezia deligata
(Peck) Seaver

Pachyella adnata (Berk.
& Curtis) Pfister

Acervus flavidus (Berk.
& Curtis) Pfister

Miladina lechithina
(Cooke) Svrtek

Aleurodiscus, a Basidio-
mycete

Pyronema omphalodes
(Bull.) Fuckel

Psilopezia deligata
(Peck) Seaver

Thecotheus? cinereus
(Crouan & Crouan) Chenan-
tais

T. cinereus (Crouan &
Crouan) Chenantais

Iodophanus sarcobius
(Boud.) Kimbr.

I. bermudensis (Seaver)
Kimbr.

114

114

115

bm Be)

116

A le

cat

118

118

bah
120
120

120
a2.
121

124

124
124

A. vicinus

A. lacteus

A. argenteus

A, aurora

A. carneus

A. granulatus
A. granuliformis
A. ochraceus

A. gallinaceus

A. cinereus

A. tetraonalis
A. lilacinus Cooket

A. cinerellus (Karst. )
Speg.t

A. microsporus
A. cesatii

A. glaucellus
Humarina axillaris

H. ithacaensis

H. pallens

(14)

Coprotus lacteus (Cooke &
Phill.) Kimbr.,
Luck-Allen, and Cain

Coprotus argenteus (Curr.)
Kimbr., Luck-Allen, and
Cain

C. aurora (Crouan &
Crouan) Kimbr.,
Luck-Allen and Cain

Iodophanus carneus (Pers.)
Korf

Peziza humosoides in syn.

= immature Iodophanus

Coprobia granulata (Bull.)
Boud.

Coprotus granuliformis
(Crouan & Crouan) Kimbr.

C. ochraceus (Crouan &
Crouan) Larsen

(15)

Thecotheus cinereus
(Crouan & Crouan)
Chenantais

(16)

(17)
(18)

Coprotus glaucellus (Rehm)
Kimbr.

Octospora axillaris
(Nees) Moser

(19)

Thecotheus pallens (Boud.)
Kimbr. (20)

125
fa)

127

i127
L27

128
128
129

130
130

i3t
13}
pas
132

132
Lao
135

134
134

134

135
136

clausat

testacea

orthotricha

Glenenteit”

rubens

convexulat
lilacina

leucoloma

araneosa’

semiimmersa

ochroleucat

rufat

wisconsinensis

nectriodes

deligata
glumarumt

peckii

H. phyllogena

tetraspora

permuda |sic]

ollaris*

- aggregata

Iodophanus testaceus
(Moug. in Fr.) Korf

Octospora orthotricha
(Cooke & Ell.) Khare &
Tewari

Octospora sp.

O. rubens (Boud.) Moser
in Gams

Octospora sp.
(21)

Octospora leucoloma
Hedwig and 0. Humosa (Fr.)
Dennis included in

synonymy
Geopyxis carbonaria

O. semiimmersa (Karst.)
Khare & Tewari

Iodophanus testaceus
(Moug. in Fr.) Korf (22)

I. testaceus (23)

Octospora peckii (House)
Khare & Tewari

(24)

Byssonectria tetraspora
(Fuckel) Korf

B. fusispora (Berk.)
Rogerson and Korf in Korf

Byssonectria aggregata
(Berk. & Broome) Rogerson
& Korf

10

136
137

137
138

138
139

139
140

140

140
140

140
140
140
140
140
141

141
141

141
141
142

143

H. fusispora

H. coccinea

H. cookeina

H. gerardi

H. purpurea

H. hepatica

H. trachyderma*

Humaria bella

[x

- scatigena
salmonicolort

olivatrat

[a |

+
fuscocarpa

vitigenat

subcrenulatat

.

Im [me fm |x

secretat

groenlandica*

iat ie

microspora

H. xanthomela americana

Peziza elachroa

Humaria subgranulata

Pseudombrophila deerata

Streptotheca crouani

S. woolhopensis

B. fusispora (Berk. )
Rogerson and Korf in Korf

Octospora coccinea
(Crouan & Crouan) Brumm,

Hymenoscyphus sp.

Peziza gerardi Cooke and
Gerard

(25)

Fimaria hepatica (Batsch)
Brumm,

Nanoscypha bella (Berk.
& Curtis) Pfister

Ascobolus scatigenus
(Berk. & Curtis) Brumm.

an inoperculate disco-
mycete

Acervus epispartius
(Berk. & Curtis) Pfister

Peziza elachroa Berk. &
Curtis

Iodophanus subgranulatus
(Berk, & Curtis) Pfister

Pseudombrophila deerata
(Karst.) Seaver

Ascozonus crouani (Renny)
Schroet.

A. woolhopensis (Berk. &
Broome) Boud,.

143

144

145

145
146
147

147

148

149

150

151
152

152

ios

154

155

156
159

160

Ss.

obscura

Ryparobius sexdecimi-
sporus

Re

R.

R.

R.

crustaceus

hyalinellus

polysporust

monascus

niveus

Thecotheus pelletieri

Sepultaria arenicola

Sis

S.
Se

S.

longii

arenosa

aurantia

pellita

Pseudopithyella
minuscula

Perrotia flammea

Lasiobolus equinus

L.

ruber

Patella scutellata

Ps

pilisetat

11

Thelebolus obscurus
(Seaver) Eckblad

Coprotus sexdecimisporus
(Crouan & Crouan) Kimbr.

Thelebolus crustaceus
(Fuckel) Kimbr.

Thelebolus sp.
Thelebolus sp.

Thelebolus stercoreus
(Tode) Fr.

Coprotus niveus (Fuckel)
Kimbrough, Luck-Allen and
Cain

Thecotheus pelletieri
(Crouan & Crouan) Boud.

Geopora sepulta (Fr.)
Korf & Burdsall

G. longii (Seaver)
Burdsall & Korf

G. arenosa (Fuckel) Ahmad

Scutellinia aurantia
(Clements) Waraitch (26)

Geopora pellita (Cooke &
Peck) T. Schumacher

Pseudopithyella minuscula
(Boud. & Torrend) Seaver

An inoperculate disco-
mycete

Lasiobolus equinus (Mil11.)
P. ReEst.

L. ruber (Quel.) Sacc.

Scutellinia scutellata
(L) Lambotte

12

160

161

162

162
163

163
164
165
165
166

166

167
167

168

169

270

171

re es
172

173

cubensis

umbrorum

lusatiae

miniatat

albocincta

ovilla
hetieri
ricciophila
puniceat

gilva

setosa

sequoiae

melaloma

crucipila

stercorea

theleboloides

coprinaria

maculosa*

pulcherrima

raripila

Scutellinia cubensis
(Berk. & Curtis)
Gamundi

S. texensis (Berk. &
Curtis) Le Gal

S. umbrorum (Fr.)
Lambotte

S. lusatiae (Cooke) 0.
Kuntze

Leucoscypha vivida (Nyl.)
Dennis

L. ovilla (Peck) Harmaja
L. hetieri (Boud.) Rifai
(27)

Tricharina gilva (Boud.)
Eckblad

Scutellinia setosa (Nees)
Kuntze

(28)

Anthracobia melaloma
(Albertini & Schw.) Boud.

Cheilymenia crucipila
(Cooke & Phill.) Le Gal
in Denison

C. ciliata (Bull.) Maas

C. theleboloides (Alber-
tini & Schw.) Boud.

C. coprinaria (Cooke)
Boud. (30)

C. pulcherrima (Crouan &
Crouan) Boud.

C. raripila (Phill.)
Dennis

173. ~P. fimetariat

174 P. paludosa

174 tuberculata

175 P. albida

176 P. gregaria

177 Ps irregularist

1 WY av P. abundans

178 P. erinaceus

178 P. albospadicea

179 P. pygmaea

17 Lachnea vitellina

179 L. crispata

180 Neottiella spraguei
180 Lachnea lividat

180 Neottiella albotecta
180 Lachnea hirta

180 Neottiella sericeovillosat
180 Lachnea fissilist

180 Neottiella callichroa
180 Neottiopezis macrosporat
EOL Wynnea gigantea

181 W. americana

i3

Trichophaea paludosa Boud.

T. tuberculata (Seaver)
Kanouse

Humaria hemispherica
(Wigg.) Fuckel

Trichophaea gregaria
(Rehm) Boud.

T. abundans (P. Karst.)
Boud.

Scutellinia erinaceus
(Schw.) Kuntze

Trichophaea albospadicea
(Grev.) Boud. -- a species
complex

Trichophaea pygmaea
(Clements) Waraitch (31)

Cheilymenia vitellina
(Pers.) Dennis

Phillipsia crispata (Berk.
& Curtis) Le Gal

Peziza spraguei Berk. &
Curtis

a lichen

Scutellinia hirta (Schum. )
Lamb.

Octospora callichroa
(Boud.) Arpin

Wynnea gigantea Berk. &
Curtis

W. americana Thaxter

14

182 Phillipsia domingensis Phillipsia domingensis
Berk.

183. P. gigantea P. domingensis

183 P. chardoniana P. domingensis

184 P. dochmia Aurophora dochmia (Berk.
& Curtis) Rifai

185 Scodellina leporina Otidea leporina (Fr.)
Fuckel

185 S. auricula Wynnella silvicola (Berk.
in Sacc.) Nannf.

186 S. grandis Otidea grandis (Pers. )
Rehm

+

187 Otidea obtecta

187 Cookeina tricholoma Cookeina tricholoma
(Mont.) Kuntze

188 C. sulcipes C. sulcipes (Berk.)
Kuntze

189 C. tetraspora Nanoscypha tetraspora
(Seaver) Denison

190 C. colensoi C. venezuelae (Berk. &
Curtis) Le Gal (Denison
1967)

191 Plectania coccinea Sarcoscypha coccinea

(Scop.) Sacc.

192 P. floccosa Microstoma floccosum
(Schw.) Raitviir

193. +P. occidentalis Sarcoscypha occidentalis
(Schw.) Sacc.

193 P. hiemalis Microstoma protractum
(Fr.) Kanouse

194 Sarcoscypha roseotincta*

195 Bulgaria globosa Sarcosoma globosum (Fr.)
Casp. in Rehm

196 B. rufa Galiella rufa (Schw.)

Nannf. & Korf

197 B. melastoma Plectania melastoma (Sow.)
Fuckel

204

205
205

206

207
208

208
209
210

7!
a.
211
212

Peziza aurantiopsis

Urnula craterium

U.

U.

geaster

terrestrist

Paxina acetabulum

P.

Py

P..

Macropodia schweinitziit

macropus

platypodia

leucomelas

sulcata

barlae

hispida

subc lavipes

dupainii

corium

nigrella

semitosta

fusicarpa

olivaceat

Plectania rimosa Peckt

Geopyxis cupularis

15

Wolfina aurantiopsis
(Ellis) Eckblad

Urnula craterium (Schw.)
Fr.

Chorioactis geaster
(Peck) Eckblad

Helvella acetabulum (L.)
Quel.

H. macropus (Pers.) P.
Karst.

H. queletii Bres.

H. leucomelas (Pers.)
Nannf.

H. solitaris (P. Karst.)
P, Karst,

H. acetabulum (L.) Quel.

H. villosa (Hedw.)
Dissing & Nannf.

H. macropus (Pers.) P.
Karst.

H. queleti Bres.

H. corium (Weberb. )
Massee

Plectania nannfeldtii
Korf

Jafnea semitosta (Berk. &
Curtis) Korf

J. fusicarpa (Gerard)
Korf

Tarzetta cupularis (L.)
Korf and J. K. Rogers

16
213
213
214

214
214
214
214

y i He
215
216

216

217
218

218
221

222
222
223
224
224
yaa)

Pa ae

226

op)

Ia |Q [a [a

bronca

- catinus

vulcanalis

nebulosa*

nebulosoidest

cinerascenst

verruculosa

Hicksiit

Rhizina inflata

R. spongiosa

Discina ancilis

D.
D.

D.

apiculata

convoluta

leucoxantha

Peziza badia

. brunneoatra

spissa
succosa
pustulata
emileia

melaleuca

melaleucoides

violacea

T. bronca (Peck) Korf &
J. K. Rogers

T. catinus (Holmsk.) Korf
and J. K. Rogers

Geopyxis vulcanalis
(Peck) Sacc.

Helvella acetabulum (L.)
Quel.

Rhizina undulata Fr.

Galiella spongiosa (Berk.
& Curtis) Pfister

Gyromitra perlata (Fr.)
Harmaja

Peziza apiculata Cooke

Gyromitra leucoxantha
(Bres.) Harmaja

G. leucoxantha (Bres.)
Harmaja

Peziza badio-confusa
Korf (32)

P. brunneoatra Desmaz.
P. spissa Berk.

P. succosa Berk.

P. petersii Berk.

P. emileia Cooke

Gyromitra melaleuca
(Bres.) Donadini

G. melaleucoides (Seaver)
Pfister

Peziza praetervisa Bres.

(33)

va
re |

P. griseorosea

P. proteana

P. concentrica

P. abietina
P. venosa

. domiciliana

- repanda

P

2

P. vesiculosa
P. fimeti

P

- sylvestris
P. clypeata

P. caeruleomaculata

Humaria lacteocinereat

Peziza brunneovinosa

‘ chrysopelat

+
roseolilacina

caliganst

irrorata

[ho [rd [to |

|td

repandoides

P. irregularis*

P. convoluta

Sarcosphaera coronaria

Morchella crassipes

M. esculenta

Li

P. griseorosea Gerard

P. proteana (Boud.)
Seaver

P. concentrica Seaver

Otidea propinquata
(Karst.) Harmaja

Disciotis venosa (Pers.)
Boud,

Peziza domiciliana Cooke
P, repanda Pers.

P. vesiculosa Bull.

P. fimeti (Fuckel) Seaver

P. sylvestris (Boud.)
Sacc.. -& Trett.

Pachyella clypeata (Schw.)
Le Gal

Peziza caeruleomaculata
Rehm (34)

Peziza michelii (Boud.)
Dennis

P. irrorata Berk. &
Curtis

P. repandoides (Rehm)
Sacc. & Trott.

P. vesiculosa Bull.

Sarcosphaera coronaria
(Jacq.) Schroet. in Cohn

Morcella crassipes (Vent.)
Pers,

M. esculenta (L.) Pers.

18

239
240
240
241
242

243

244

245
245

246
247
247
248
249
249
250
250

251

251
252
253
253

254
254

255

M. conica

M. deliciosa

M. angusticeps

M. hybrida

Durandiomyces phillipsii

Verpa conica
V. bohemica

Y. atroalbat

V. perpusillat

Elvela mitra
E. crispa
E. palustris
- atra
- elastica

E
E
E. klotzschiana
E. adhaerens

E

- californica

ica

- umbraculiformis

- infula
. +
brevissima

. albipes

SH HH mH

. caroliniana

E. underwoodii

E. sphaerospora

Underwoodia columnaris

M. conica Pers.

M. deliciosa Fr.

M. angusticeps Peck
M. semilibera DC.

Peziza proteana forma
sparassoides (Boud. ) Korf

Verpa conica (Mull.)
Swartz

V. bohemica (Kromb.)
Schroet in Cohn

Helvella lacunosa Afzel.
H. crispa (Scop.) Fr.

H. lacunosa Afzel

H. atra Oed.

H. elastica Bull.

H. elastica Bull.

H. elastica Bull.

Gyromitra californica
(Phill.) Raitviir

G. californica (Phill.)
Raitviir

G. infula (Schaeff.) Quel.

Helvella leucopus Pers.

Gyromitra caroliniana
(Fr.) Fr.

G. brunnea Underw.

Pseudorhizina sphaero-
spora (Peck) Pouz.

Underwoodia columnaris
Peck

304
306

306

307
SLL

314

315

318

a

325

326

332

x Ps
333

337

19

New taxa listed from the revised section

Boudiera walkerae

Lamprospora sphagicola

P. pyrophila

Cubonia bulbifera

Humarina waterstonii

Patella contradicta

P. michiganensis

Sarcoscypha imperialis

Wolfina aurantiopsis

Paxina compressa

P. recurva

Peziza pseudoclypeata

P. waltersii

Sarcosphaera ammophila

Daleomyces phillipsii

Boudiera walkerae Seaver

Lamprospora sphagicola
Seaver

?Pulvinula archeri (Berk.
in Hook.) Rifai

Nanoscypha waterstonii
(Seaver) Pfister (35)

Trichophaea contradicta
(Seaver) H. J. Larsen

Cheilymenia coprinaria
(Cooke) Boud.

Sowerbyella imperialis
(Peck) Korf

Wolfina aurantiopsis
(Ellis) Eckblad

Helvella compressa
(Snyder) Weber

Gyromitra melaleucoides
(Seaver) Pfister

Pachyella adnata (Berk.
& Curtis) Pfister

Peziza waltersii Seaver

Peziza ammophila Dur. &
Lév.

Peziza proteana forma
sparassoides (Boud.) Korf

20

NOTES REFERRED TO IN PART I

(1) This species is still widely known as Pseudoplectania
vogesiaca. Though the name Peziza vogesiaca was proposed in
1818, Fries in 1822 did not use it but rather proposed Pez-
iza melaena and listed P. yogesiaca as a synonym. Under the
ICBN, Fries's name should be used. Saccardo and Boudier
treated the species in the genus Melascypha.

(2) Plicaria nigrans (Morgan) Pfister comb. nov. = Peziza
nigrans Morgan, J. Cinn. Soc. Nat. Hist. 18: 43. 1895. The
Plicarias in North America have never been completely worked
out. Lamprospora nigrans is a distinctive Plicaria. The
asci and hymenium blue faintly, the paraphyses are agglu-
tinated, the spores are heavily warted and are 7-8 um.

(3) Pithya cupressina and P. vulgaris have been considered
identical by many recent authors but Denison (1972) thought
them distinct.

(4) Ascodesmis microscopica (Crouan & Crouan) Seaver was
based on material with sphaerical spores which Obrist (1961)

renamed A. sphaerospora.

(5) According to van Brummelen's (1967) study of type speci-
mens, Ascobolus leveillei is correctly named A. boudieri
Quél, but it is known only from Europe. It is not clear to
which species Seaver was referring.

(6) Ascobolus viridis, according to van Brummelen (1967),
has not been recorded from North America. This was also
Seaver's decision when he redescribed the species as A. geo-
hilous, an accepted species.

(7) This may refer to a misprint of "furfuraceus."
(8) According to van Brummelen's (1967) study of the type
specimen, this is a species of Rhyparobius. There is no re-

port of the species from North America.

(9) No North American collections are definitely known under
this name.

(10) van Brummelen (1967) has studied the Dodge specimen re-
ferred to by Seaver and finds it to be Ascobolus pusillus.

21

It is the only collection of this species which van Brum-
melen reported from North America.

(11) Seaver reported the name from Clements! Crypto. Form.
Colo. no. 301 but excluded it because no specimens could be
found. Van Brummelen (1967) accepts the species but lists
no North American collections.

(12) This and several other species are very like Peziza
badia. The apothecia are dark colored and the spores are
reticulate. The detailed study necessary to properly place
taxa in this complex has not yet been done.

(13) Psilopezia nummularia is known from North America but
the description Seaver gives seems to refer to Pachyella ba-
bingtonii, a name listed by Seaver among the synonyms but
considered distinct by Pfister (1973a; 1973b).

(14) The specimen upon which Seaver based his conclusions
does not seem to have been recently examined. Van Brummelen
(1967) suggests that this is close to Ascophanus granuli-

formis (= Coprotus granuliformis).

(15) The type collection was examined but no ascocarps could
be found.

(16) Type material was examined. The species is very close
to Peziza fimeti; it differs in the habitat, partridge or
grouse dung, and the ascospore size. The ascospores are
16-18 um in length, a range which is slightly larger than
that of Peziza fimeti.

(17) Type material has not been seen. Van Brummelen (1967)
states that this is a very common species of "Ascophanus."

(18) Van Brummelen (1967) says this is Ascophanus micros-
porus (Berk. & Broome) E. C. Hansen.

(19) Rifai (1968) briefly discussed this taxon, which has
been variously placed in the Pezizales, he writes, "Neot-
tiella crozalsiana, Humaria ithacaensis and Peziza ricciae
differ from the other species of Leucoscypha in their small
(usually less than 1.3 jim diam.) apothecia, in the poorly
developed medullary excipulum and in the _ possession of
vegetative mycelium of a mildew, which is probably due_ to
their peculiar habitat, growing directly on hepatics rather
than among mosses." Rifai suggests a separate genus. North

22

American materials need to be critically examined. I do not
agree with the inclusion of this species in OQctospora as
done by Khare (1975).

(20) Kimbrough (1969) stated that Thecotheus pallens was not
known in North America but he had overlooked Seaver's report
of it under the genus Humarina. The specimen in NY which
was examined agrees with Boudier's original description.
The large spores which reach a length of more than 40 um and
unusual habitat, on soil among mosses, makes this a distinc-
tive species. The habitat is unusual for a Thecotheus which
has been known to occur primarily on dung and occasionally
on water soaked wood; T. phycophilus Pfister is similar (see
Pfister 1981).

(21) Type material has been examined but is fragmentary. No
conclusive placement could be made.

(22) I have examined Seaver's type material and found
apothecia of Iodophanus testaceus.

(23) See Pfister (1979c)

(24) This is a member of the Sarcoscyphaceae, perhaps be-
longing to an undescribed genus. Khare and Tewari (1978)
placed it in Octospora, a position with which I cannot
agree.

(25) Material from the type locality shows asci which are
faintly J+. Little material is available but based on
Seaver's slide and description, this is most likely a small
species of Peziga.

(26) I have not examined the material of Clements! type
which was apparently not examined by Waraitch (1977) when he
combined Clements! name in Scutellina.

(27) See note 21. Seaver's name is a later synonym being
predated by Peziza ricciae Crouan and Crouan.

(28) Denison (1959) could not properly place this species.

(29) There is a difference of opinion; see Maas Geestranus
(1969).

(30) Cheilymenia dalmeniensis placed by Seaver in synonymy
has been recognized as a distinct species.

Zo

(31) Material has been examined but resolution of generic
placement remains. It differs from Trichophaea.

(32) Both Peziza badia and P. badio-confusa exist in North
America. Elliot & Kaufert (1974) discuss these and cite
various collections.

(33) Peziza praetervisa has lightly ornamented spores as
described by Seaver for P. violacea. The spores of P.
violacea are completely smooth. Though P. violacea exists
in North America, it is infrequently collected. Most col-
lections under that name are P. praetervisa.

(34) See Pfister (1979b)

(35) Khare & Tawari (1978) included this species in Octo-
spora, a view with which I cannot agree.

24

PART IL
Morchellaceae H. macropus p. 203, 206
pissiocia H. queletii p. 203, 207
Te aaa 929 H. solitaris p. 204
ene _ H. villosa
Morchella Pseudorhizina

Hy ae Beaee Re. De aay P. sphaerospora p. 254

M. conica p. 239
M. crassipes p. 23/7 Rhizina
M. deliciosa p. 240 R. undulata p. 215
ey — ea Underwoodia
a Ps U. columnaris
Verpa
V. bohemica p. 244 iba

V. conica p. 243 W. silvicola p. 185

oo oo eee Ascobolaceae

Ascobolus ref. Van
Brummelen (1967)
A. aglaosporus p. 86
A. albinus p. 89
A. amoenus p. 85
A. carbonarius p. 87,

92

Gyromitra ref. Kempton &
Wells (1973) McKnight (1969,
1971, 1973) and Pfister
(1980).

G. brunnea p. 254
G. californica p. 251
carolinae p. 253

G.
G. anfula.- oy 251 A. crenulatus p. 86
A. cubensis p. 92
G. leucoxantha p. 218
A. elegans p. 84
G. melaleuca p. 225
G. melaleucoides 225 soe
. ee , A. foliicola p. 90
326
G. pevlata p. 216 A. furfuraceus p. 82
: A. geophilus p. 88
Helvella ref. Weber (1972, A. immersus p. 83
1975) and Dissing (1966) A. nodulosporus p. 53
Dissing & Lange (1967) Kemp- A. pusillus p. 92
ton & Wells (1970). A. scatigluses p. 87,
H. acetabulum p. 202, 205, 92, 140
214 A. subglobosus p. 89
H. atra p. 248 A. xylophilus p. 90
ee aa ca Saccobolus ref. Van Brum-
H. corium p. 208
melen (1967)
H. crispa p. 247
; S. depauperatus p. 95
H. elastica p. 249, 250
S. @leber O. 835.93
H. lacunosa p. 246, 247
S. globuliferellus
H. leucomelas p. 204 95
H. leucopus p. 253 Ps

S. obscurus p. 96
S. portoricensis p. 94
S. versicolor p. 94

Pezizaceae

Boudiera ref. Dissing
& Schumacher (1979)
B. areolata p. 52
B. echinulata p. 52
B. walkerae p. 304

1979)

Iodophanus ref. Kimbrough,
Luck-Allen, and Cain (1969)
I. bermudensis p. 113
I. carneus p. 115
I. sarcobius p. 113
I
I

« Bestdeeue p,. 125, 132
. subgranulatus p. 141

Pachyella ref. Pfister (1973b)
Fr. sonate ps Ls, 332
P. babingtonii p. 106
P. clypeata p. 233
P. hydrophila p. 106

Peziza
P. ammophila p.
P. apiculata p. 217

atrovinosa p. 101

badio-confusa p. 101

brunneoatra p. 222

caeruleomaculata p.

concentrica p. 228

domiciliana p. 230

elachroa p. 141

emileia p. 224

fimeti p. 232

gerardii p. 138

grislorosea p.

irrorata p. 235

michelii p. 234

petersii p. 224

praetervisa p.

P. proteana p. 227
var. sparassoides
Hs 262,..33)

P. repanda p.

333

234

227

guowitir sew

226

eal

25

P. repandoides p. 235

P, spissa p. 222

P. spraguei p. 180

P., succosa p. 223

P. sylvestris p. 233

P. vesiculosa p. 231

P. waltersii p. 332
Plicaria

P. endocarpoides p. 73

P, nigrans p. 72

P. recurva’ pb. 75

P, trachycarpa p. 71

Ruhlandiella ref. Dissing

and Korf (1980)
R. berolinensis p. 51

Sarcosphaera

S. crassa p. 235

Scabropezia ref. Dissing

and Pfister (1981)
S. flavovirens p. 44,
72

Thecotheus ref. Kimbrough

(1969)

T. cinereus p. 112, 118
T. pelleturi p. 148

T. pallens p. 124

Acervus ref. Pfister
(1975a)

A. epispartius p. 141

A. flavidus p. 108
Aleuria

A. aurantia p. 97, 98

A. bicucullata p. 99
A. cestrica p. 98
A. rhenana p. 99

Anthracobia
A. melaloma p. 167
Ascodesmis ref. Obrist

(1961)
A. porcina
A. sphaerospora

26

Ascozonus
Seaver treated two species:
A. crouani p. 142

A. woolhopensis p. 143

Byssonectria ref. Dennis &
Itzerott (1973) under the
name Inermisia.

B. aggregata p. 136

B. fusispora p. 134, 136

B. tetraspora p. 134
Caloscypha

C. fulgens p. 50
Cheilymenia ref. Denison

(1964)

C. ciliata p. 169

C. coprinaria p. 171, 315

C. crucipila p. 168

C. pulcherrima p. 172

C. raripila p. 173

C. theleboloides p. 170

C. vitellina p. 179
Coprobia

C. granulata p. 116

Coprotus ref. Kimbrough,
Luck-Allen and Cain (1972)
C. argenteus p,. 114

- aurora p. 115

- glaucellus p. 121
granuliformis p.
- lacteus p. 114

- niveus p. 147
- ochraceus pp.
C. sexdecmisporus

117

AAQAQAAANOD

117
p. 144

Fimaria ref. Van Brummelen
(1962)

F. hepatica (p. 139 only)

Geopora ref. Burdsall (1968)
G. arenosa p. 151
G. longii p. 150
G. pellita p. 152
G. sepulta p. 149

Geopyxis

G. vulcanalis p. 214

Humaria
H. hemispherica p.

Jafnea ref. Korf (1960)
J. fusicarpa p. 210
J. semitosta p. 209

Lamprospora
- annulata p. 60
- areolata p. 59

L
L
L. ascoboloides p. 60
L. brevispinosa p. 63
L

. crec'hqueraultii

p. 62
L. dictyiola p. 58
. laetirubra p. 58
lobata p. 74
Macrantha p. 63
maireana p. 65
miniata p. 56

sphagnicola p.
spinulosa p. 61
tuberculata p. 64
tuberculatella p.
L. wrightii p. 66

CPHerr rr ee er

Lasiobolus ref. Bezerra
& Kimbrough (1975)
L. equinus p. 155
L. ruber p. 156

Leucoscypha
L. albocincta p.
L. hetieri p. 164
L. ovilla p. 163
L. rutilans p. 100

163

Melastiza ref. Lassueur
(1980)
M. chateri p. 103

Miladina ref. Pfister &
Korf (1974)

M. lechithina p. 108

Octospora ref. Khare &

polytrichina p. 75
306

175

66

Tewari (1978), Dennis and

Itzerott (1973).

O. axillaris p. 124

O. callichroa p. 180
O. coccinea p. 137

O. leucoloma p. 129
QO. orthotricha p. 127
O. peckii p. 133

O. rubens p. 127

O

semi-immersa p. 130

Otidea ref. Kanouse (1950)
O. grandis p. 186
O. leporina p. 185

O. propinquata p. 228

Pseudombrophila
P, deerata p.

141

Psilopezia ref. Pfister
(1973a)
P. deligata p. 107, 110

Pulparia ref. Donadini (1976)
P. amethystina p. 67
P. planchonis p. 74

Pulvinula ref. Pfister (1975b)

Po areneri 2. 70
P. carbonaria p. 67
P. convexella p. 68
P. discoidea p. 70
P., laeterubra p. 69
P. slamonicolor p. 71

Pyronema ref. Moore & Korf
(1963)

P. omphalodes p. 109

Scutellinia ref. Denison (1959)

S. asperrima p. 104
aurantia p. 152
cubensis p. 160
erinaceous p. 178
hirta p. 180
lusatiae p. 162
pennsylvanica p.
scutellata p. 159
setosa p. 166
texensis p. 160
trechispora p. 43
umbrorum p. 161

104

AWMnNNNNNNNAHANN
.

27

Sowerbyella

S. imperialis p. 318
Tarzetta

iy Dronca ps Z2L5

T. catinus p.. 213

T. cupularis p. 212
Thelebolus

T. obscurus p. 143

T. stercoreus p. 147

Tricharia

T. gilva p. 166

Trichophaea ref. Kanouse
(1958)
T. abundans

p.- 177

T. brunnea p. 46

T. contradicta p. 314

T. gregaria p. 176

T. hinnulea p. 46

T. monilifera p. 47

T. paludosa p. 174

T. pygmaea p. 179

T. tuberculata p. 174

T. woolhopeia p. 178
Sarcosomataceae
Chorioactis

C. geaster p. 200
Galiella

G. rufa p. 196

G. spongiosa p. 216

Plectania ref. Korf (19562),

Paden & Tylutki (1969)
P. melastoma p. 197
P. nannfeldtii p. 208

Pseudoplectania

P. melaena p. 48
P. nigrella p. 49

Sarcosoma

S. globosum p. 195

Urnula ref. Kempton & Wells

(1974)

U. craterium p. 199

28

Wolfina
W. aurantiopsis p. 198,
$21

Sarcoscyphaceae

Aurophora
A. dochmia p. 184

Cookeina ref. Denison (1967)
C. colensoi p. 190
C. sulcipes p. 188
C. tricholoma p. 187
C. venezuelae p. 190

Microstoma ref. Kanouse
(1949)
M. floccosum p. 193
M. protractum p. 193

Nanoscypha ref. Denison
(1972)
N. bella p. 140
N. tetraspora p. 189
N. watersonii p. 311

Phillipsia ref. Denison
(1969)
P. crispata p. 179
P, domingensis p. 182, 183

Pithya ref. Denison (1972)
P. cupressina p. 78
P. vulgaris p. 76, 77

Pseudopithyella
P. minuscula p. 153

Sarcoscypha ref. Denison
(1972)
S. coccinea p. 191
S. occidentalis p. 193

Wynnea ref. Pfister (1979a)
W. americana p. 181
W. gigantea p. 181

29

PART III

Bezerra, J. L. and J. W. Kimbrough. 1975. The genus
Lasiobolus (Pezizales, Ascomycetes). Can. J. Bot. 53:
1206-1229.

Brummelen, J. van. 1962. Studies on Discomycetes. II. On

four species of Fimaria. Persoonia 2: 321-330.

- 1967. A world monograph of the genera Ascobolus and

Saccobolus (Ascomycetes, Pezizales). Persoonia

(Suppl.) 1: 1-260.

Burdsall, H. H., Jr. 1968. A revision of the genus Hydno-
cystis (Tuberales) and of the hypogeous species of Geo-
pora (Pezizales). Mycologia 60: 496-525.

Cain, R. F. and J. W. Kimbrough. 1969. Coprobolus, a new
genus of the tribe Thelebolus (Pezizales). Can. J.
Bot. 47: 1911-1914.

Denison, W. C. 1959. Some species of the genus Scutel-
linia. Mycologia 51: 605-635.

__- 1964. The genus Cheilymenia in North America.
Mycologia 56: 306-317.

__+ 1965. Central American Pezizales. I. A new genus of
the Sarcoscyphaceae. Mycologia 57: 649-656.
- 1967. Central American Pezizales. II. The genus
Cookeina. Mycologia 59: 306-317.
- 1969. Central American Pezizales. III. The genus
Phillipsia. Mycologia 61. 289-304.
- 1972. Central American Pezizales. IV. The genera
Sarcoscypha, Pithya, and Nanoscypha. Mycologia 64:
609-623.

Dennis, R. W. G. 1978. British Ascomycetes. Revised Edi-
tion. J. Cramer. 585 pp.

and H. Itzerott. 1973. Octospora and Inermisig in
Western Europe. Kew Bull. 28: 5-23.

Dissing, H. 1966. The genus Helvella in Europe with spe-
cial emphasis on the species found in Norden. Dansk
Bot. Arkiv 25(1): 1-172.

and R. P. Korf. 1980. Preliminary studies in the
genera Ruhlandiella, Sphaerosoma, and Sphaerozone
(order Pezizales). Mycotaxon 12: 287-306.

and M. Lange. 1967. Notes on the genus Helvella in
North America. Mycologia 59: 349-360.

and D. H. Pfister. 1981. Scabropezia, a new genus of
Pezizaceae (Pezizales). Nord. J. Bot. 1: 102-108.

and T. Schumacher. 1979. Preliminary studies in the
genus Boudiera, taxonomy and ecology. Norw. J. Bot.
26: 99-109.

30

Donadini, J.-C. 1976. Le Genre Pulparia Karsten en France.
Rev. Mycol. (France) 40: 255-272.

Eckblad, F. ~E. 1968. The genera of the operculate
discomycetes, a re-evaluation of their taxonomy, phy lo-
geny, and nomenclature. Nytt Mag. Bot. 15: 1-191.

Elliot, M. E. and M. Kaufert. 1974. Peziza badia and Pez-
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Kanouse, B. B. 1949. The genus Plectania and its segre-
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No.

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