JOURNAL

OF THE

ARNOLD ARBORETUM

EDITED BY
CHARLES SPRAGUE SARGENT

VOLUME V

LANCASTER, Pa.
1924
Reprinted with the permission of the
Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University
KRAUS REPRINT CORPORATION
1967

No
No
No
No

. 1 (pp. 1-60) issued February 18, 1924.

. 2 (pp. 61-136) issued May 5, 1924

. 3 (pp. 137-224) issued October 24, 1924.

. 4 (pp. 225-256) issued November 22, 1924.

Printed in U.S.A.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

ARALIACEAE Impreru JAPONICI. By T. Nakai... .......-- ec eee cee e ee eees 1
EaReTIAE QuAEDAM Novak AsiaTicAE. By T. Nakai........-..--+2000: 36
Nores on Nortu AMERICAN TREES, XII. By C. S. Sargent..........---: 41
New Species, VARIETIES AND COMBINATIONS FROM THE HERBARIUM AND
THE COLLECTIONS OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM. By Alfred Rehder.... 49

RAPHIOLEPIDIS ET ERIOBOTRYAE SPECIES SINO-JAPoNIcaE. By 7. Nakat.. 61
Some New anp NotewortHy LicNgeous PLANTs FROM EASTERN ASIA.

NGI is oS eee Re ae gins EAR eee 72
THE RHODODENDRONS OF Hupen. By Ernest H. Wilson........--+++++++> 84
Ture Lianeous Frora or Rich Mountain, ARKANSAS AND OKLAHOMA.

BY Ernest d . Panes cccscae ns ee ae ease a oe dahon CARA eRe 108
ForsyTH1A VIRIDISSIMA VAR. KoREANA. By Alfred ONG. Sc asewen ena 134
ENUMERATION OF THE LigNEouS PLANts or NorTHERN Cuina. By Alfred

TORRE oie sis s ea cee eo Pe I BE Ne SS Ree REESE RS AIRE OS 137
Notes ON THE Genus Pinus. By George Russell Shaw........--+--+-++++5 225
Notes on CHINESE LicNeous Puants. By H. H. Hu........-...-+-+05: 227
A New Species or Reevesia. By Ernest H. Wilson............000e ees 233
New Species, VARIETIES AND COMBINATIONS FROM THE HERBARIUM AND

THE COLLECTIONS OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM. By Alfred Rehder...... 235
[nO Seer parry arom yee ah ne ae ere eer a eee 242

JOURNAL

OF THE

ARNOLD ARBORETUM

Votoms V JANUARY, 1924 NuMBER 1

ARALIACEAE IMPERII JAPONICI
T. NaKal
Acanthopanax Miq.

Acanthopanax Miquel in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 1. 10 (1863) .—
Seemann mss. ex Seemann in Jour. Bot. v. 238 (1867).—Bentham &
Hooker, Gen. Pl. 1. 938 (1867), pro parte.—Harms in Engler & Prantl,
Nat. Pflanzenfam. ur. abt. 8, 49 (1897), pro parte.

Panaz subgen. Acanthopanaz Decaisne & Planchon in Rev. Hort. 1854, 105.

Kalopanazx Miquel in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 1. 10 (1863), pro parte.

Panaz De Candolle, Prodr. 1v. 252 (1830), pro parte.—G. Don, Gen. Syst. 111.
384 (1834).

Sect. I. ORTHACANTHOPANAX Nakai, sect. nov.
Acanthopanax Sect. u. Euacanthopanax Harms in Engler & Prantl, Nat.
Pflanzenfam. 11. abt. 8, 50 (1894), pro parte.
Styli basi, interdum ad apicem coaliti; umbellae glabrae v. subglabrae;
flores longe pedicellati.
Subsect. 1. ZaANnTHoOxXYLOPANAX Nakai.
Acanthopanaz Sekt. Zanthoxylopanaz Harms in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges.
xxvit. 26 (1918).
Folia trifoliata: inflorescentia in apice rami annotini elongati terminalis.

Acanthopanax trifoliatum Merrill in Philipp. Jour. Sci. 1. suppl. p. 217
(1906).—Schneider, Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. 11. 427 (1909).—Rehder in
Bailey, Stand. Cycl. Hort. 1. 193 (1914).—Harms & Rehder in Sargent,
Pl. Wilson. vr. 563 (1916).—Harms in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. XXVII.
26 (1918).

Zanthorylum trifoliatum Linnaeus, Spec. 270 (1753).—Lamarck; Encycl.
Méth. 1. 40 (1786)

Panax aculeatum Aiton, Hort. Kew m1. 448 (1789).—Willdenow, Spec. Iv.
1125 (1805).—Steudel, Nomencl. 583 (1821).—De Candolle, Prodr. tv.
252 (1830).—G. Don, Gen. Syst. m1. 384 (1834).

Plectronia chinensis Loureiro, Fl. Cochinch. 162 (1790).

Panaz Loureirianum De Candolle, Prodr. rv. 252 (1830).

Acanthopanax aculeatum Seemann in Jour. Bot. v. 238 (1867).—C. B. Clarke
in Hooker, FI. Brit. Ind. 1. 726 (1879).—Forbes & Hemsley in Jour. Linn.
Soe. xxl. 339 (1887).—Harms in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. Il.
abt. 8, 50 (1894); in Bot. Jahrb. xxx. 489 (1900).—Schneider, Ill. Handb.
Laubholzk. 1. 427, fig. 290 i-i* (1909).—Harms & Rehder in Sargent, sy ®
Wilson. 1. 564 (1916), pro parte.

Acanthopanax sepium Seemann in Jour. Bot. v. 239 (1867).

2 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou. v

Formosa: Mt. Niitakayama, T. Kawakami et U. M ori; Kelung, T. Ma-
kino; Tappo, Nagasawa, no. 3139; near Sozan, prov. Taihoku, E. H. Wilson,
nos. 11221, 10774; Boryo to Kararu, prov. Koshun, E. H. Wilson, no.
11016; Tamsui, A. Henry, no. 1460; South Cape, A. Henry, no. 335;
Bankinsing, A. Henry, no. 1516; sine loco speciali, R. Oldham, no. 200.

DistripuTion: also Philippines, China, Cochinchina and India.

Henry’s nos. 12770 and 12561 determined by Harms as Acanthopanazx
trifoliatum are not that species, but are Eleutherococcus leucorhizus Oliver
(Acanthopanaz leucorhizus Harms).

Subsect. 2. Evacanruopanax Nakai.

Acanthopanaz Sekt. Euacanthopanaz Harms in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflan-
zenfam. 111. abt. 8, 50 (1897), pro parte; in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges.
XXvII. 18 (1918).

Folia digitatim quinata. Umbellae vulgo solitariae laterales; styli
bifidi v. fere ad apicem connati.

Foliola varie inciso-serrata, supra sparsissime pilosa, subtus pilosa ..A. nipponicum.
Foliola nunquam inciso-ser ;

Pedunculi elongati foliis aequilongi. Foliola incurvato-serrulata, parva, basi

TU ODUOOR fess catea wud apices a'eica dad te wwmdnihiee clicwian A. kiusianum.

Pedunculi foliis distincte breviores. ;
‘oli ucronato-serrata vel submucronato-grandiserrata...A. commiztum.

Foliola crenato-serrata vel spinuloso-crenata.
Foliola incurvato-crenulata... 2.000.000 cece cece eee ecee. A. spinosum,
Foliola subspinuloso-crenulata...........0 0000 c cece ec eee. A. koreanum.

Acanthopanax nipponicum Makino in Jour. Jap. Bot. 1. 5, 19 (1921).

Frutex; rami elongati, cinereo-fuscescentes, sub folio 1-aculeati aculeis
rectis rigidis. Petioli glabri vel apice minute spinulosi; foliola 5, obovata
vel late obovata varie inciso-serrata, supra viridia, sparsissime pilosa,
infra pallida pilosa. Umbellae e gemmis axillaribus rami annotinievolutae
foliis 2-3 suffultae solitariae; pedunculi et pedicelli glabri; bracteae fili-
formes, minimae, deciduae; pedicelli 4-5 mm. longi; calycis margo edenta-
tus vel 5-dentatus; petala viridia; styli bifidi.

Honvo: Hikami, prov. Suwo, J. Nikai, nos. 395, 853; Mt. Hiei, prov.
Omi, J. Sono.

Kyusuu: Nasugoe, prov. Higo, Z. Tashiro.

Acanthopanax kiusianum Nakai, sp. nov.

Frutex glaber; rami sordide fuscescentes; aculei rigidi, recti, sub folio
solitarii. Folia turionum brevipetiolata sed fasciculata longe petiolata;
petioli glabri, 1.5-6.0 cm. longi, graciles sed recti interdum circa apicem
infra 1-aculeati; foliola digitatim 5, terminalia maxima,omnia basi cuneata,
obovata, apice mucronata, supra medium incurvato-serrulata, 10-37 mm.
longa, 5-16 mm. lata, basi rufo-pilosa, supra viridia venis impressis, infra
pallida venis elevatis. Pedunculi 4.5-5.0 cm. longi, recti, graciles, glabri;
bracteae caducae, minimae, apice ciliolatae. Pedicelli 4-5 mm. longi,
glabri; calycistubus ovatus, lobi ovato-acuti, lucidi; petala viridia, oblongo-
ovata, apice unguiculata, 1.5 mm. longa; stamina in nostris speciminibus

1924] NAKAI, ARALIACEAE IMPERII JAPONICI 3

brevissima abortiva, ita nostra planta feminea; discus leviter elongatus;
styli tantum basi coaliti, recurvi; stigmata papillosa elongata.

Kyvusnvu: Kajiki, prov. Osumi, Z. Tashiro; Mt. Kirishima, alt. 100—
1000 m., Z. Tashiro.

Acanthopanax koreanum Nakai, sp. nov.

Acanthopanaz spinosum Nakai, Veg. Isl. Quelp. 68, no. 947 (1914); non Miquel.

Frutex; rami caespitosi, arcuato-diffusi, sub folio recurvo-aculeati.
Folia longe petiolata, fasciculatim 2-3 ; foliola 5 subsessilia vel brevipetiolu-
lata, basi albo-barbata, late obovata, acuta vel acuminata, supra lucida,
infra pallida venis elevatis in axillis venarum primarium barbata. Umbella
longipes pedunculo 2-5 cm. longo, multiflora glabra; calycis margo obscure
5-dentatus; petala viridia reflexa, 3 mm. longa; antherae flavae oblongae.
Bacca nigra, 7 mm. longa, compresso-sphaerica, apice stylis persistentibus
coronata.

Korea: Quelpaert; Ibi, T. Nakai, no. 6358; Hongno, T. Nakai, no.
158; insula Piyanto, T. Nakaz; in Hallai-san, alt. 300 m., 7. Ishidoya.
no. 210; Hongno, U. Faurie, no. 893, E. Taquet, no. 2916; in silvis, E.
Taquet, no. 2917; in dumosis, U. Faurie, no. 1666; in pago Polmongi,
E. Taquet, no. 2915.

Acanthopanax spinosum Miquel in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 1. 10
(1863), pro parte.—Seemann in Jour. Bot. v. 238 (1867).—Franchet &
Savatier, Enum. Pl. Jap. 1. 193 (1875).—Marchal in Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg.
xx. 89 (1881), pro parte.—Dippel, Handb. Laubholzk. 111. 237 (1893).—
Koehne, Deutsch. Dendrol. 433 (1893), pro parte.—Harms in Engler &
Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. rt. abt. 8, 237 (1894); in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr.
Ges. xxvil. 23 (1918), pro parte.—Schneider, Il. Handb. u. 427, f. 290
f—g (1909).—Rehder in Bailey, Stand. Cycl. Hort. 1. 193 (1914).

Panaz spinosum Linnaeus fil., Suppl. 441 (1781).

Aralia pentaphylla Thunberg, Fl. Jap. 128 (1784).—Persoon, Syn. Pl. 1. 331
ee a ci Syst. Veg. 1. 951 (1825).—Lavallée, Arb. Segrez. 125

Aralia ? pentaphylla De Candolle, Prodr. tv. 259 (1830).—G. Don, Gen.
Syst. m1. 389 (1834).

Honpo: Nikko, J. Matsumura, J. G. Jack, Fukushima, prov. Shinano,
H. Sakurai; Mt. Hira, prov. Omi, I. Sono; Mt. Togakushi, prov. Shinano,
J. Matsumura; Adatarayama, prov. Iwashiro, K. Nemoto; Megura near
Tokyo, S. Okubo; Miyanoshita, prov. Sagami, C. S. Sargent; Akabane,
prov. Musashi, H. Sakurai; Mt. Hagurosan, prov. Sado, J. Matsumura;
Mt. Ibukiyama, prov. Omi, J. Nikai, no. 1980; Otakegawa, prov. Shinano,
E. H. Wilson, no. 6982"'s. Nambu, Tschonoski; Simoda, prov. Idzu,
C. Wright.

Acanthopanaz spinosum does not occur in China; what has been con-
sidered to be that species represents the following two distinct species.

1, Acanthopanax Hondae Matsuda in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xxx1. 333 (1917).

Differt ab Acanthopanace koreano quo valde affine, umbellis breviradiatis, floribus
minoribus, foliis grossius serrulatis. Hoc etiam Acanthopanacem villosulum accedit
sed foliis subtus non villosis disco viride exquo distinctum.

>

4 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

Acanthopanax Hondae var. inerme Nakai, comb. n
canthopanax spinosum {. inerme Ma in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xxv1. 281
1912

(
rutex; caulis arcuatus, cinereus, a. Petioli foliorum turionum 3-5 em.
longi , ramulor rum brevium 1-4 supra anguste canaliculati, apice cum
foliclis articulati ubi villosuli; foliola digitatim 5, media longiora 1.5-5.0 em. longa,
supra glabra costis conspicuis, infra pallida in axillis v venarum secundarium rufo-

oblanceolata, basi cuneata; pedunculi 2.5-4.5 cm. longi, foliis breviores, glabri;
pedicelli pines parvis setulosis suffulti, glaberrimi, 6-7 mm. ongi; calycis Snes
eltoidei, vix 1 mm. longi; o reflexa: styli 2, basi connati, recurvi. Fruct
maturus niger, 5-6 mm. fe
HINA: Siao-Hsien, Huang- Pang: Yui, prov. Honan, 7 ao no. 1052; Teng-ka-
san, prov. Chekiang, K. Honda. Kansu, Lt-Hwang- Pin

Acanthopanax Hondae var. armatum Pater
Acanthopanax spinosum Harms & Rehder er in catia Pl. Wilson. 11. 562
(1916), pro parte-—Harms in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr Ges. XXVII. 23 (1918),
a) A is Miquel.
Caulis sub foliis ear
HINA: prov. Chekiang, Ningpo, Chang-chi-myong; circa Ningpo, D. Macgregor;
in fruticetis aa ae Tsching-dschen, prov. Kwei-tschou, H. Handel-
Mazzettt, no. 2044; cirea Han gchow, prov. Chekiang, F. N. Meyer, no. 1473;
Lushih, Hiu ng-Eul- shan, 1400 m., prov. Honan, J. Hers, no. 941; prov. Kiangsu,
Kiangyin, A. Allis
2, See aa gracilistylum W. W. Smith in Notes Bot. Gard. Edinb. x. 6
1917),
Acanthopanax spinosum Hance in Jour. Bot. xvi. 261 (1880).—Forbes &
msley in Jour. Linn. Soc. xx. oe (1s sie —Du nn & Tutcher in Kew

Ab peti eebene spinoso quocum adhue ace est aaa aan nam
— ita cia we pedunculi brevissimi, umbellae pauciflorae.

Cx Chang-lo-hsien, a EB. H. Wilson, no. 1973, A. oad: no. 3406A,
1224; ileoe A. Henry, no. 3406; Yunnan, A. Henr ry, no. 10639, G. Forrest; in
dumetis circa pagum cae inter Londi et Ksinkwa, prov. Hunan, H. Handel-
sar sind Yenan fu, prov. Shensi, W. Purdom, no. 35 90; Yu-tai-shan, prov. Honan,

»,no. 290; circa Ningpo, prov. Chekiang, D. Macgregor; fre dings Plas
prov. ca, z Hers, no. 1052; Shung hsien, prov. Honan, J. Hers, 1241.

Acanthopanax commixtum Nakai, sp.

Acanthopanaz deltas Matsumura, Ind. PL Jap. 11. 2, 417 (1912); non
Franchet & 8

Frutex glaber, e ‘past caespitosus; rami arcuati, cinerei vel cinereo-
fuscescentes, sub foliis subrecurve v. recte uniaculeati, lenticellis punctu-
latis. Petioli 1-10 em. longi; foliola digitatim 5, rhombea v. late obovata,
grosse mucronato-serrata, supra lucida. Flores polygamo-dioici; calyx
breviter 5-dentatus; petala ovata, decidua, 2-2.5 mm. longa; stamina in
planta feminea evoluta, petalis longiora; styli apice bifidi. Bacca nigra,
5-6 mm. longa, stylis bifidis coronata.

Honpo: Deyu, prov. Echigo, J. Matsumura; Aidzu, prov. Iwashiro,
R. Yatabe, J. Matsumura; Nikko, prov. Shimotsuke, J. Matsumura, T.
Nakai; Hakone, prov. Sagami, R. Yatabe.

Subsect. 3. Ionostacnyagr Nakai.

1924] NAKAI, ARALIACEAE IMPERII JAPONICI 5

Acanthopanaz Sekt. Euacanthopanaz Harms in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflan-
senfam. ur. abt. 8, 50 (1897), pro parte; in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges.

xvu. 5, 18 (1918), pro parte.
Folia digitatim 5(3-4)-foliolata. Umbellae in apice ramorum hornoti-
norum elongatorum terminales; inflorescentia atro-purpurea; styli bifidi.

Acanthopanax trichodon Franchet & Savatier, Enum. Pl. Jap. 11. 377
(1879).—Marchal in Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. xx. 82 (1881).—Harms in
Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 11. abt. 8, 50 (1894) ;in Mitt. Deutsch.
Dendr. Ges. xxvul. 26 (1918).—Schneider, II. Handb. Laubbolzk. 1.
427 (1909).—Matsumura, Ind. PI. Jap. u. 417 (1912).

Honvo: Mt. Kiyozumi, prov. Awa, S. Okubo; Jyujyotoge, prov. Kii,
J. Matsumura; Mt. Amagisan, prov. Idzu, S. Okubo.

Sect. II. CEPHALOPANAX Harms in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges.
xxvil. 5, 14 (1918).

Folia quinata. Umbellae in apice ramorum hornotinorum elongatorum
terminales umbellato-racemosae; flores brevi-pedicellati, ita umbellae
subcapitatae; styli fere ad apicem connati.

“q:

leet G. | ere es et eres ee . chitsanense,
Petioli haud v. rarissime aculeati. ;
Folia subtus subglabra. Pedicelli brevissimi ita flores fere capitati
A

Petioli crebri-aculeati. Foliola subtus saepe secus venas ciliato-aciculata simulque
lat. A it

. sesstliflorum.
Folia subtus molliter pubescentia. Pedicelli plus minus elongati ita flores
capitato-umbellati.............. ec eee eee eee eee tn eens A. divaricatum.

Acanthopanax chiisanense Nakai, sp. nov.

Acanthopanaz sessiliflorum Nakai, Veg. Isl. Quelpaert, 68, 946 (1914);
Veg. Mt. Chirisan, 40, no. 341 (1915); non Seemann.

Frutex 2-3-metralis, ramosus; rami glabri inermes; cortex cinereus.
Petioli3—7 cm. longi, glabri, crebri leati;foliola petiolulata, late obovata
basi sensim angustata, apice cuspidata, gi gute duplicato-serrulata,
supra viridia secus venas primarias minute ciliolata, subtus pallida secus
venas ciliato-aciculata et rufo-pilosa. Umbellae lanatae; flores brevi-
pedicellati; calyx lanatus, lobis ovatis v. ovato-acuminatis; petala ovato-
oblonga, reflexa, decidua; styli 2 in unum concreti; stigmata 2. Drupa
nigra, circa 6 mm. longa.

Korea: Mt. Chiisan, 7. Nakai, no. 369; Quelpaert, in silvis Yensil,
alt. 1000 m., E. Taquet, no. 889, 890; in silvis, alt. 1000 m., E. Taquet, no.
5660.

Acanthopanax sessiliflorum Seemann in Jour. Bot. v. 239 (1867) .—
Marchal in Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. xx. 84 (1881).—Harms in Engler & Prantl,
Nat. Pflanzenfam. 111. 8, 50 (1894); in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. xxvit. 14
(1918).—Komarov in Act. Hort. Petrop. xxv. 117 (Fl. Mansh. 11.)
(1907).—Schneider, Ill. Handb. 11. 429, fig. 292-a (1909).—Nakai, FI.
Kor. 1. 275 (1909); 1. 498 (1911); Veg. Diamond Mts. 180, no. 471
(1918).—Rehder in Bailey, Cycl. Am. Hort. 1. 11 (1900); Stand. Cycl.
Hort. 1. 192 (1914).—Bean, Trees & Shrubs Brit. Isles, 1.132 (1916).

6 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

Panax sesstliflorum Ruprecht & Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb.
xIv. 133 (1856); 367 (1857); in Mél. Biol. 11. 426 (1857); 545 (1858).—
Taximowicz in Mém. Div. Sav. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. rx. 131 (Prim.
Fl. Amur) (1859).—Regel in Mém. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. ser. 7, IV. no. 4,
72 (Tent. Fl. Uss.) (1861); in Gartenfl. xz. 238, t. 369 (1862).—Jager,
Ziergeh. 322 (1865).—K. Koch, Dendr. 1. 675 (1869).—Franchet in Nouv.
Arch. Mus. Paris, sér. 2, vr. 25 (1883); Pl. David. 1. 145 (1884).—Lauche,
Deutsch. Dendr. 506 (1880).—Koehne, Deutsch. Dendr, 433 (1893).
—Dippel, Handb. Laubholzk. mr. 234 (1893).—Beissner, Schelle & Zabel,
Handb. Laubholz-Ben. 262 (1903).
Cephalopanax sessiliflorum Baillon in Adansonia, x11. 149 (1878).

Korea: inter Keizanchin et Chosin, E. H. Wilson, no. 9115; Yutenji,
E. H. Wilson, no. 10494; Tumen-Yalu divide E. H. Wilson, no. 9069;
Suianho, 7. Uchiyama; Genzan, T. Nakai; Mt. Nankanzan, 7’. Uchiyama;
Myun-moun-tang, G. Mills, no. 444; in Mt. Kongosan, T. Uchiyama;
Koryo, T. Mori, no. 35; Shin pori, T. Nakai, no. 5698: Kanghei, G. Mills,
no. 700; Koyiri, M. Furwmi, no. 480; Kashunrei, 7. Mori; Roseidai, 7’.
Nakai, no. 9641; Hoang-gui-to, 7. Nakai, no. 2141; Nojido; T. Nakai, no.
2135; Gyomenpo, T. Nakai, no. 2134; Kamenkoko, T. Nakai, no. 2187.

DistriButTion: also Manchuria, Amur, Ussuri and China (Chili).

Acanthopanax divaricatum Seemann in Jour. Bot. v. 239 (1867) .—
Franchet & Savatier, Enum. Pl. Jap. 1. 195 (1875); 11. 878 (1879).—
Marchal in Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. xx. 77 (1881).—Harms in Engler &
Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 1. abt. 8, 50 (1894); in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr.
Ges. xxviit. 16 (1918).—Schneider, Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. 1. 428. fig.
289 o-r (1909).—Rehder in Bailey, Stand. Cycl. Hort. 1. 193 (1914).

anax divaricatum Siebold & Zuccarini in Abh. Akad. Muench. rv. pt. m1.
200 (FI. Jap. Fam. Nat. 1. 92) (1846).

Kalopanax divaricatum Miquel in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 1. 17 (1863).—
Matsumura, Ind. Pl. Jap. . 2, 420 (1912).

Acanthopanax asperatum Franchet & Savatier, Enum. Pl. Jap. 1. 193 (1875),
“A. asperata;” 11. 37 (1879).—Bretschneider, Hist. Europ. Bot. Discov.
Chin. 863 (1898).

Yeso: Sapporo, prov. Ishikari, Y. Tokubuchi; Junsai numa, U. Faurie,
no. 5497; Muroran, prov. Iburi, U. Faurie, no. 6233; Hakodate, prov.
Oshima, C. J. Maximowicz; ibidem, Albrecht.

Honvo: Nikko, prov. Shimotsuke, K. Sawada; Mt. Iwakisan, prov.
Mutsu, J. Matsumura; Mt. Yatsugatake, prov. Shinano, E. H. Wilson,
no. 7545; Chuzenji, prov. Shimotsuke, J. Matsumura; Agematsu, prov.
Shinano, C. S. Sargent; Yumoto, prov. Shimotsuke, C. S. Sargent; Mt.
Ontake, prov. Shinano, ¥. Yabe, G. Koidzumi; Mt. Togakushi, prov.
Shinano, J. Matsumura, H. Sakurai; Mt. Iwakisan, prov. Mutsu, H.
Sakurai; Izunasan, prov. Shinano, H. Sakurai.

SHIKOKU: Kamomyomura, prov. Awa, J. Nikai, no. 1317.

Kyusuu: Hososhima, prov. Hiuga, R. Yatabe, J. Matsumura; Tsuno,
prov. Hiuga, K. Saida; Mominokimura, prov. Higo, Z. Tashiro; Tano,
prov. Bungo, Z. Tashiro.

Acanthopanax divaricatum var. inerme Nakai, var. nov.
Caulis et folia inermia.

1924] NAKAI, ARALIACEAE IMPERII JAPONICI 7

Kyrvusuu: Mt. Homanzan, prov. Chikuzen, Y. Nabesht.

Sect. III. SCIADOPHYLLOIDES Harms in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr.
Ges. xxvu. 30 (1918).

Arborea inermis. Folia digitatim 5-foliolata. Umbellae corymboso-
paniculatae, ramis reflexis; styli in unum connati; stigmata biloba.

Acanthopanax sciadophylloides Franchet & Savatier, Enum. Pl. Jap.
1. 195 (1875); 1. 378 (1879).—Marchal in Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. xx. 82
ad cee Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. 1. 429, fig. 289 s-u (1909).

lopanax sciadophylloides Harms in Engler & eone. Nat. oa
a abt. 8, 51 (1894)—Matsumura, Ind. Pl. Jap. 2, 420 (1912).

Yeso: Sapporo, prov. Ishikari, C. S. Sargent, Y. Tokubuchi; Jyozankei,
prov. Ishikari, J. Matsumura; Moiwa, prov. Ishikari, T. Nakai; Nobori-
betsu, prov. Iburi (coll. ?), Hakodate, prov. Osima, C. J. Mazimowicz;
ibidem, Albrecht.

Honpo: in silvis montis Hirosaki, prov. Mutsu, U. Faurie, no. 6232;
Nikko, prov. Shimotsuke, C. S. Sargent, K. Sawada; Chuzenji, prov.
Shimotsuke, J. G. Jack; Amihari, prov. Rikuchu, H. Sakurai; Mt.,
Tsubakuradake, prov. Shinano, E. H. Wilson, no. 7480; near Aomori,
prov. Mutsu, C. S. Sargent; Azumasan, prov. Iwashiro, E. H. Wilson,
no. 7194; near Kamado, C. S. Sargent; in montibus Sendai, U. Faurte,
no. 5498; in Mt. Hakkodasan, prov. Mutsu, H. Koidzumi; in Mt. Hakusan,
prov. Kaga, R. Yatabe, J. Matsumura; in monte Iidesan, prov. Iwashiro,
R. Yatabe; in monte Tateyama, prov. Etchu, J. Matsumura; in monte
Togakushi, prov. Shinano, J. Matsumura, H. Sakurai; Ose, prov. Kodzuke,
B. Hayata; in monte Komagatake, prov. Shinano, J. Matsumura; in
monte Komagatake, prov. Echigo, B. Hayata; in monte Yenasan, prov.
Mino, H. Sakurai; Shikayu, prov. Mutsu, H. Sakurai; Miharu, prov.
Iwaki, K. Nemoto; in monte Ontake, prov. Shinano, G. Koidzwmi; Naru-
taki, prov. Suwo, J. Nikaz, no. 736.

SHIKOKU: in monte Yahadzusan, prov. Tosa, K. Watanabe; Kurofuji-
kawa, prov. lyo, K. Watanabe, Nakatsuyama, prov. Iyo, K. Watanabe,

Kyvusuvu: Iwadake, prov. Buzen, R. Yatabe; Kujyuzan, prov. Bungo,
Z. Tashiro.

Evodiopanax Nakai

Evodiopanax Nakai, gen. nov.
Kalopanaz Miquel in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 1. 17 (1863), pro Sab
on

ee a in Tighe & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 11. abt. 9
97), pro par
Poe ater cae Evodiopanaz Harms in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. xxvi1.
28 (1918).

Generi Acanthopanaci affine sed calyce sine limbo et pyrenis dorso
rotundatis et lateribus non sulcatis ita ambitu hemisphaericis distinctum.

Arbores inermes ramosae glabrae. Folia 1-3 (vulgo 3)-foliolats folios
minute ciliato-serrulatis. tia in apice ramial
corymboso-paniculata, glabra; flores umbellati, bracteae et bracteolae

8 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

minimae vy. nullae; pedicelli inarticulati; calycis limbus nullus; petala 5,
aestivatione valvata, sub anthesin reflexa, decidua; stamina 5, erecto-
patentia; connectivum parvum; discus depresso- ee ae styli
2, basi coaliti persistentes; ovarium 2-loculare, Bacca nigra, 2- -pyrena;
pyrenae dorso rotundatae non sulcatae ventre planae; albumen aequa-
bile.—Species 2 in Japonia et China indigenae.

Evodiopanax innovans Nakai, comb.

Panaz innovans Sibold Zecen in Abh. ak Muench. rv. pt. 1. 198 (Fl.

ap. Fam. Nat. 1. 90) (18

Kalopanaz innovans # Miguel in eo Mus, Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 1. 17 (1863).—Mat-
sumura, In ap. he 420 (1912).

Acantho opanaz i innovans Franchet & Savatier, Enum. Pl. Jap. 1. 193 (1875).—
Harms in Nat. Pflan oe 11. abt. 8, 49 (1894): in Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Mus.
oe vil. 65, 248° (1917); in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. xxvit.
(191 8), Schneider, Ill. Handb. 1. 427 (1909).—Rehder in Bailey, Stand.
Cyel. Hort. 1. 193 (1914).

Yrso: Hakodate, prov. Oshima, C. J. Maximowicz.

Honpo: in monte Ontake, prov. Shinano, G. Koidzumi; Otakegawa,
prov. Shinano, E. H. Wilson, no. 6998; Mitake, prov. Kai, C. S. Sargent,
Chuzenji, prov. Shimotsuke, N. Uae: Nikko, prov. Shimotsuke,
H. Sakurai; in monte Adzuma-san, prov. Iwashiro, G. Nakahara; in monte
Enasan, prov. Mino, H. Sakurai; in monte Koyasan, prov. Kii, U. Faurie,
no. 90; Gojyo, prov. Yamato, J. Matsumura; Ikedamura, prov. Bitchu.
Z. hone Ishiyama, prov. Omi, IZ. Sono; Ouchimura, prov. Suwo, J.
Nikat, no. 737.

Suikoku: Nanokawa, prov. Tosa, K. Watanabe.

Kyusnu: Iwatake, prov. Buzen, R. Yatabe, J. Matsumura; Shakain-
dake, prov. Higo, Z, Tashiro; Kirishima yama, prov. Osumi, Z. Tashiro.

TsusHIMA: in monte Sumo-shiratake, T. Nakai.

This is a valuable economic tree. Its wood is white and is superior to
that of Populus for straw braid used in making hats.

The following Chinese species belongs to this genus:

Evodiopanax evodiaefolium Nakai, comb.
Acanthopanax evodiaefolius Franchet i in Jour. de Bot. x. 306 (1896).—Harms
& ee in Sargent, PI. be Ms son. 11. 563 (1916).—Harms in Mitt. Deutsch.

Differt ms 'E. tnnovante quo ere ‘affine ramulis non rubescentibus sed sordide
cinereis.
Bee Tao-tsin, prov. Yunnan, Siméon Ten, no. 468, 508; Yunnan, G.
For 8887, 10235: Kuling, prov. Kiangsi, L. H. Bailey; W. Hu peh, EL. H.
Wilson no » 1142: Wen-chuan- hsien, E. H. Wilson, no. 4204; in silvis prope Molien,
prov. Szechuan, C. Schneider, no. 1427

Evodiopanax evodiaefolium var. ferrugineum Nakai, comb. no
ge ier ae seat var. ferrugineus W. W. Smith in Notes Bot.
rd. Edinb. .
Folia pate secus re inflorescentiae hl ls er
Lae Shweli-Saboeen, ie Yunnan, @. Forrest, no. aie
The Acanthopanax evodiaefolius var. gracilis W. W. Smith (I. e. ) does not belong
to this g genus for it has 5 styles and 5-celled ovaries and the tee are always 5.

1924] NAKAI, ARALIACEAE IMPERII JAPONICI 9

Eleutherococcus Maxim.

Eleutherococcus Maximowicz in Mém. Div. Sav. Acad. Sci. St.
Pétersb. rx. 182 (Prim. Fl. Amur.) (1859), sensu ampl.—Bentham &
Hooker, Gen. Pl. 1. 941 (1867).—Seemann in Jour. Bot. v1. 161 (1867) .—
K. Koch, Dendr. 1. 676 (1869).

Acanthopanax Seemann in Jour. Bot. v. 238 (1867), pro parte.—Dippel,
Handb. Laubholzk. m1. 235 (1893), pro parte-—Harms in Engler & Prantl,
Nat. Pflanzenfam. m1. abt. 8, 49 (1897), pro parte.—Schneider, Ill. Handb.

Acanthopanaz Sect. Presence Harms in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflan-
zenfam. 111. abt. 8, 49 (1897); in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. xxvul. 7 (1918).

Acanthopanaz Sect. Euacanthopanax Harms l. c. (1897), pro parte; 1. c. 18
(1918), excl. D. E.

Frutex aculeatus ramosus. Folia digitatim 3-5 foliolata. Umbellae
solitariae vel umbellatae; flores cum pedicello inarticulati; calyx obsolete
5-dentatus; petala 5 aestivatione valvata; stamina 5, styli 5 (3-4) toto
connati vel apice liberi; stigmata 5 (3-4) ; discus elevatus; drupa 5-pyrena;
pyrenae compressae non sulcatae; albumen aequabile.

Species 18 in Japonia, Korea, Manshuria, Amur, China et Himalaya
indigene.

The cohesion of the styles varies specifically but it is of no value in the
classification of sections. The characters distinguishing Eleutherococcus
from Acanthopanax are neither the cohesiveness of styles nor the presence
of articulation in the flowers. No species of Acanthopanax or Eleuthero-
coccus has real articulation at the base of the calyx. The seeming arti-
culation appears in the dried specimens by the contraction of tissues at
the base of the calyx. That portion of calyx differs in texture from the
apices of the pedicels. The apices of pedicels have hard vascular bundles
and do not shrink as much when dried as does the base of the calyx which
consists of soft parenchyma. This non-uniform shrinking causes a false
articulation. Nearly all of the species belonging to genera other than the
Aralia group have with few exceptions inarticulated flowers. Eleuthero-
coccus differs from Acanthopanax by the number of styles and number of
cells in the ovary as well as in the shape of pyrenae. In Acanthopanax
the number of styles and the cells of ovary is 2, rarely 3. The number
of styles and cells of ovary in Eleutherococcus is 5, sometimes 8 to 6.
The pyrenae of Acanthopanax are flat or slightly roundish on their ventral
side, but those of Eleutherococcus are acute or acutish. I therefore re-
move all the species of Acanthopanax having 5-celled ovaries and place
them under Eleutherococcus. These are E. pentaphyllum, E. Giraldit,
E. Rehderianum, E. cissifolium, E. stenophyllum and E. Wilson.

Eleutherococcus senticosus Maximowicz in Mém. Div. Sav. Acad. Sci.
St. Pétersb. rx. 182 (Prim. Fl. Amur.) (1859).—Regel in Gartenfl. xn.
84, t. $93 (1863).—Seemann in Jour. Bot. vi. 162 (1868).—Fr. Schmidt
in Mém. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. ser. 7, x11. no. 1. 47, 179 (Fl. Amguno-
burej.); I. c. 140, no. 198 (FI. Sachal.) (1868).—Lauche, Deutsch. Dendr.

10 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM VOL. Vv

507, f. 205 (1880).—Jiiger & Beissner, Ziergeh. ed. 2, 146 (1884).—Forbes
& Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxmt. 382 (1888) .—Dippel, Handb. Laub-
holzk. 11. 235, f. 127 (1893).—Koehne, Deutsch. Dendr. 432 (1893).—
Rebder in Bailey, Cycl. Am. Hort. 1. 528 (1901).—Komarov in Act. Hort.
Petrop. xxv. 119 (Fl. Mansh.) aga —Nakai, Veg. Diamond Mts. 180
(1918) ;in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xxv1 Fare
Hedera senticosa Maximowicz in Bull Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. xv. 134 (1856);
367 (1857); in Mél. Biol. 1. 426 (185 7); 546 (1858).
Acanthopanax senticosus Harms in En ngler & Pranti, Nat. rerercume UI
abt. 8, 50 (1894); in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. xxvu. 5, 6 (1918). —Rehder
7 Bailey, Stand. Cycl. 1. 193 (1914). —Bean, Trees Shrubs Brit. Isles, 1. 171
)16).

ee inseh shes Makino in Tokyo Bot. Mag. x1. 19, in nota
sub Acanthopanace hypoleuco (1898).

Yeso: inter Tokoro et aa M. Shirai; Rubeshibe, prov. Kitami,
E. H. Wilson, no. 7393.

SAGHALIN: Toyohara, E. H. Wilson, no. 7330; in silvis Korsakof, U.
Faurie, no. 396, 397; in silvis Wladimiroff, U. Faurie, no. 37; sine loco
speciali, Oe ee

Korea: Koseimen, 7’. Nakai, no. 2136; Kokai, E. H.W ilson, no. 10588;
Sempo, EL. H. Wilson, no. 8826; ee to Engan, E. H. Wilson, no.
8944; Kongosan, no. 434; Rae T. Mori; Juhochin to Kokai; T.
Nakai, no. 2138; Vallis Czen-dshin- -gan, Komarov, no. 1149; in monte
Hiraiho, 7. N en

veep aroonorts aes f. subinermis Regel, Mém. Acad. Sci.
St. Pétersb. sér. 7, rv. no. 4, 73 (Tent. Fl. U ss.) (1861).
E etheruoces se cons inermts Komarov i in Act. Hort. Petrop. xxv. 121
(FI. Mansh. ur.) (19
sasha oo are : tnermis Harms in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges.
xxvil. 8 (1918).

Caulis is esl inermes v. aculeis raris adspersi.
Distribution: Amur, Manshuria and China (Chili).

Eleutherococcus hypoleucus Nakai, comb. no
Acanthopanax hypoleucum Makino in Tokyo Bot Ma ag. XII. 18 (1898).—
Ma itst sumura, Ind. Pl. Jap. 11. 417 (1912). Heme: in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr.
XXVII. 19
Bleutherococeus japonicus Makino, 1. c. 19. (1898), pro syn. Acanthopanacis

Acanthopanas Fauriet cori in Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Mus. Berlin, x1. 248
(1917); it 1 Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. xxvii. 9 (1918 18).
Honpo: in monte Norikuradake, prov. Shinano, U. Faurie, no. 6841;
Misayama, prov. Shinano, K. Onuma, H. Sakurai.
SHIKOKU: in monte Kuratakiyana, prov. Tosa, K. Watanabe; in monte
Torigatayama, prov. Tosa, K. Watanabe.

Eleutherococcus japonicus Nakai, comb. nov.
Aralia pentaphylla Siebold & Zuccarini i in Abh. orstiaues Akad. Iv. pt. 1. 201
(Fl. Jap. Fa pele hea 1. 93) (1845), ee syn. Panax dies non Thunberg
Acanthapanar sptnosum Miquel in / Mu i gd.-Bat. 1. 10 (1863), se
anax Pa —Dippel, Hand, Tavbhole III. 937 (1893).—Zabel
a rma] Xxx. 336 (1881).—Non Panaz spinosum L.

1924] NAKAI, ARALIACEAE IMPERII JAPONICI 11

Acanthopanax japonicum Franchet & Savatier, Enum. Pl. Jap. 1. 377 (1879).

Acanthopanax pentaphyllum Marchal in Bull. Soe. Bot. Belg. xx. 79 (1881).—
Harms in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 11. abt. 8, 50 (1897); in Mitt.
Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. xxvit. 21 (1918).—Rehder in Bailey, Cycl. Am.
Hort. 1. 11 (1900); in Bailey, Stand. Cycl. Hort. 1. 193, f. 82 (1914).—Bean,
Trees & Shrubs Brit. Isles, 1. 131 (1914).

Acanthopanax trichodon Zabel in Gartenwelt, x1. 535 (1909); non Franchet &

avatier.

Eleutherococcus pentaphyllus Nakai, Chosenshokubutsu 1. 420 (1914).

Yrso: Hakodate, prov. Oshima, J. Matsumura; ibidem, C. J. Mazi-
mowicz; ibidem, Albrecht; Otaru, prov. Ishikari, K. Saida; Shiriuchi, prov.
Oshima, K. Miyabe et Y. Tokubuchi; Sapporo, prov. Ishikari, S. Arimoto.

Honvo: Tokyo, 7. Makino; Shinobuyama, prov. Iwashiro, K. Nemoto;
Otakeyama, prov. Shinano, EF. H. Wilson, no. 6982; Nambu, T7'schnooskt.

Eleutherococcus japonicus f. variegatus Nakai, comb. nov.

Acanthopanax pentaphyllum var. variegatum Hort. apud Rehder in Bailey,
Cyel. Am. Hort. 1. 11 (1900); in Bailey, Stand. Cyel. Hort. 1. 193 (1914).—
Bean, Trees & Shrubs Brit. Isles, 1. 131 (1916).

In hortis cultus.

Kalopanax Miq.

Kalopanax Miquel in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 1. 16 (1863), pro
parte.—Harms in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 11. abt. 8, 50
(1897), pro parte.

Brassaiopsts Seemann in Jour. Bot. 1. 290 (1864), pro parte; non Decaisne &

nchon.
Acanthopanazx Bentham & Hooker, Gen. Pl. 1.938 (1867), pro parte; non Miquel

Miquel’s Kalopanax includes species belonging to four distinct genera.
His Kalopanaz ricinifolium is to be considered the type of this genus;
his K. sumatranum and K. resectum belong to the genus Brassaiopsis; his
K. divaricatum to the genus Acanthopanax, and his K. innovans to our
new genus Evodiopanax.

Kalopanax ricinifolium Miquel in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 1. 16
(1863).—Fr. Schmidt in Mém. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. ser. 7, XII. no. ll.
140 (Fl. Sachal.) (1868).—Harms in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam.
ut. abt. 8, 51 (1894).—Palibin in Act. Hort. Petrop. xvi. 99 (Consp. FI.
Kor. 1.) (1898).—Komarov in Act. Hort. Petrop. xxv. 122 (Fl. Mansh.
111.) (1907).—Nakai, Fl. Kor. 1. 275 (1909) ; 11. 493 (1911).—Matsumura,
Ind. Pl. Jap. 1. 420 (1912), pro parte.

Panax ricinifolium Siebold & Zuccarini in Abh. Akad. Muench. tv. pt. 11. 199
ap. Fam. Nat. 1. 91) (1845).
Brassatopsis ricinifolia Seemann in Jour. Bot. 1. 291 (1864).
Acanthopanaz ricinifolium Seemann in Jour. Bot. vi. 140 (1868) ; Revis. Heder.
86 (1868).—Marchal in Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. xx. 85 (1881).—Shirasawa,

: i & F Cycl. Am.
Hort. 1. 11 (1900); in Bailey, Stand. Cycl. Hort. 1. 192, f. 80 (1914).—Bean,
Trees & Shrubs Brit. Isles, 1. 131 (1916).—Koehne in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr.
Ges. xxi. 145 (1918).
Acanthopanaz ricinifolia Franchet & Savatier, Enum. Pl. Jap. 1. 193 (1875).
Acanthopanaz ricinifolius v. Maximowiczit Koehne in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr.
Ges. xx. 148 (1913), pro parte——Harms in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges.
xxvul. 31 (1918), pro parte.

12 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

waa re i ble Decaisne & Planchon apud Lavallée, Arb. Segrez.
126 (1877).—Dippel Handb. Laubholzk. 111. 237 (1893). —Schelle i in Mitt.
Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. ei 289 (1909).

se i ricinifolium K. Koch in Wochenschr. Gartn. Pflanzenk. 1. 371
(1859

Kalopanax ricinifolium g. typicum Nakai.

Mansuuria: Deaus Dundas, C. J. Mazximowicz.

Korea: Jin sen, 7. Uchiyama; Peuk-tung-dsi, T. Uchiyama; Chin-

nampo, H. Imaz, no. 117; Koryo, 7. Mori, no. 31; insula Sajito, T. Nakai,
no. 9750; Peninsula aad, T. Nakai, no. 9749: in monte Keiryusan,
T. Nakaz, no. 8106; Seoul, N. Okada; in montibus Kongosan, 7. Nakai, no.
5695; in monte Jyuseizan, 7. Nakai, no. 2139; insula Hoto, Y. Hanabusa;
via inter Chuczan et Czaschien, V. Komarov, no. 1150; in insula Daikoku-
zanto, T’. Ishidoya & Chung, no. 3635; Taiyudo, EF. H. Wilson, no. 8613;
Peuk-han-san, Sontag; Gensen, C. S. Sargent; in monte Kongosan, E.
H. Wilson, no. 9242; Chemulpo, E. H. Wilson, no. 10554; in monte Haku-
san, prov. Keiki, FE. H. Wilson, no. 10615; Chinnampo. J. G. Jack,
ibidem, U. Faurie, no. 546; in collibus Quensan, U. Faurie,no.210; Hansan
Monastery, Mills, no. 340; Genzan, T. Nakai; insula Okto, T. Nakai, no.
299; Kongosan, T. Nakai, no. 5696.

Dace.et: sine loco speciali, K. Okamoto, E. H. Wilson, no. 8577;
Rarikol, T. Ishidoya, no. 103; in monte Jyoho, T. Nakai.

QUELPAERT: in monte Hallasan, T. Nakai, no. 63, 6362; in silvis, E.
Taquet, no. 137; Hallaisan, 7. Ishidoya, near Mushroom House, E. H.
Wilson, no. 9471.

Yuso: Hakodate, prov. Oshima, Albrecht.

Honpo: in monte Amagisan, prov. Idzu, J. Matsumura; Aidzu, R.
Yatabe & J. Matsumura; in monte Togakushi, prov. Shinano, J. Matsu-
mura; Konodai, prov. Shimousa, J. Matsumura; Omiya, prov. Musashi,
(coll. ?); Okunimoto, prov. Uzen, (coll. ?).

Kyusuu: Nagasaki, prov. Hizen, R. Oldham.

Cuina: Tsi-Yiian Hsien, prov. Honan, J. Hers, no. 1779; Tien Tai,
prov. Chekiang, J. Hers, no. 252.

Kalopanax ricinifolum var. magnificum Zabel in Gartenwelt, x1. 535,
fig. p. 5389 (1907).—Koehne in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. xxir. 150
(1913).—Harms in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. xxvit. 32, t. 5 g-o, t. 86
(1918).

Acanthopanax acertfolium Schelle in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. xvu. 212
Kalopanaz ricintfolium Matsumura, Ind. Pl]. Jap. m. 2, 420 (1912), pro parte.

Folia subtus pilis simplicibus elongatis crispis v. multifidis plus minus
lanata, ad medium late 5—7-fida.

Yerso: sine loco speciali, L. Boehmer; Horoidzumi, prov. Hidaka, Y.
Tokubuchi; Nanai, C. S. Sargent; Sapporo, J. G. Jack, ibidem, S. Arimoto.

Honvo: in monte Tsukuba, prov. Hitachi, H. Sakurai; Nikko, prov.
Shimotsuke, J. Matsumura; in monte Ontake, prov. Shinano, J. Mat-
sumura; in monte Komagatake, prov. Shinano, R. Yatabe & J. Matsumura;

1924 NAKAI, ARALIACEAE IMPERII JAPONICI 13

Yumoto, prov. Shimotsuke, E. H. Wilson, no. 6760; Nasu, prov. Shi-
motsuke, H. Sakurai; Kakidao, prov. Suwo, J. Nikai, no. 730.

Korea: Koryo, T. Nakai.

Curva: prope Chang-hua, prov. Chekiang, F. N. Meyer, no. 1556.

Kalopanax ricinifolium var. eee aheie Nakai, comb. nov
Aralia Maximowiczii Van Houtte in FI. des Serr. xx. 39, t. 2067- 2068 ole
serge aia ricinifolius var. Maximowiczit Schneide r, Ili. Handb.
holzk. 11. 429, fig. 291 d (1909 ).—Beissner in Mitt. ie hede
1909). Deutsch. Dendr
(1913), pro parte. —Bean, Trees & Shrubs Brit. Isles, 131 Te
in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. xxvu. 31, t. 5, fig. e, f, t. 7, 8 (1918), pro
parte.
Folia ramorum floriferorum anguste profunde laciniata, subtus plus
minus canescentia.
Yurso: sine loco speciali, R. Yatabe.
Honpvo: Fukushima, prov. Shinano, C. S. Sargent; monte Ontake, prov.
Shinano, G. Koidzwmi; monte Togakushi, prov. Shinano, H. Sakurai.
Curna: prov. Honan, J. Hers, no. 29.

Kalopanax ricinifolium var. lutchuense Nakai, var. nov.
Folia glabra, omnia 9-costata lobis ovato-attenuatis.
Livxiu: insula Okinawa, Y. Tashiro, J. Matsumura, T. Miyagi.
Kalopanax ricinifolium var. chinense Nakai, var. nov.
Acanthopanaz ricinifolium Harms & Rehder in sae Pl. Wilson. m1. 559
(1916).—Harms in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges t. 5, fig. A-D (1918).
Folia breviter lobata. Inflorescentia minus ae
Cuina: Hupeh occid., E. H. Wilson, no. 602; Hsing-shan Hsien, prov.
Hupeh, E. H. Wilson, no. 602; prope Washan, E. H. Wilson, no. 1962;
Ichang, E. H. Wilson, no. 1963; Fupe, C. Silvestri; Yunnan, G. Forrest,
no. 11505, 11256; in silva infra vicum Tungdjiapai prope minas Hsikwang-
shan, prov. Hunan, H. Handel-Mazzetti, no. 2020; prope Langtal —
prov. Kweichau, C. Schoch, no. 408; Ningpo Mts., E. Faber, no.
Koehne made a thorough study of this species from plants cultiv 4
in Germany and published the results in Mitteilungen der Deutschen
Dendrologischen Gesellschaft no. 22 (1913). He stated that there are three
distinct forms: 1) those Ravi leaves shallowly cleft remaining unchanged
through the age of the tree; 2) those having leaves deeply and narrowly
cleft when young but shallowly cleft when old; 3) those having leaves
shallowly cleft when young but deeply and narrowly cleft when old. As
Siebold’s specimens kept in the herbarium of the university of Leyden
have the leaves lobed in various forms he took var. Mazimowiczii Schneider
as the name for his second and third group, and var. magnificum Zabel for
his first group. His classification is principally based upon the plants
cultivated in Germany and he paid no attention to the pubescence of
leaves jeri is a marked characteristic of the species. There are many
in Japan and it is hard to draw any definite distinctions.
1. Leaves pee shallowly lobed and sparsely hairy.

14 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM vOL. V

2. Leaves sparsely hairy when mature, deeply lobed on yor .g but
shallowly lobed on mature trees.

3. Leaves always shallowly lobed and densely hairy.

4. Leaves always deeply lobed and densely hairy.

5. Leaves shallowly lobed and sparsely hairy on young, deeply lobed
and densely hairy on mature trees.

By Siebold (Florae Japonicae Familiae naturales, n. 410 |1846]) the
species was described as with “foliis alternis longe petiolatis e basi sub-
cordata vel truncata orbicularibus profunde palmato-quinquefidis, lobis
oblongis acuminatis argute serratis glabris coriaceis,”’ and further in the
detailed notes below he makes the following statement: “lamina basi
subcordata, rotundata vel truncata, orbicularia, ad medium circiter usque
palmato-quinqueloba lobis oblongis acuminatis lateralibus parum brevi-
oribus, utrinque glabra subtus dense reticulato-venosa. ’

us we readily see that our first and second groups correspond
to Siebold’s Panaz ricinifolium, though the specimens at Leyden show a
variety of forms. Our first and second groups should therefore be named
var. typicum. The third is Acanthopanaz ricinifolium var. magnificum or
Acanthopanax acerifolium Schelle. The fourth and the fifth are Aralia
Mazimowiczii Van Houtte. The first group is found in Hondo; the second
is distributed through Hondo, Korea, Quelpaert, Manchuria, Ussuri
and China; the third is distributed in Yeso, Hondo, Korea and China;
the fourth and fifth are in Yeso, Hondo and China. Koehne says, “Blii-
hende Zweige mit tief geteilten Blittern sind noch nicht bel tg len”
thus flowers of var. Marimowiczti have not been seen in Germany. But
we have a flowering specimen of the variety collected in the province of
Shinano and I myself have seen the same type not rarely in the mountains
of the province of Kai. Therefore this should be the type of a distinct
variety. In the Arnold Arboretum there is growing a tree of this variety
which was introduced from France. It is now of good size but has not
yet flowered. There are also in this Arboretum three large trees of this
species raised from seed collected by Professor Sargent in Yeso. They cor-
respond to our third type. Another tree raised from seed collected by
Mr. J. G. Jack in Yeso in 1905 is also of the third type, yet it is less
hairy.

The Liukiu type which is just like the figure a of Koehne and as Tafel
5, fig. A of Harms has leaves whose main ribs approximately radiate from
the base of the leaves, but the leaves are always 9-lobed. In general the
leaves of the flowering branches of this species are 5—7 ribbed. The Chinese
plants which have very short lobes belong to var. chinense.

Echinopanax Dene. & Planch.
Echinopanax Decaisne & Planchon in Rev. Hort., 1854, 105.—Harms
in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. m1. abt. 8, 34 (1894).—Schneider,
Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. 1. 429 (1909).

1924] NAKAI, ARALIACEAE IMPERII JAPONICI 15

Panax 2. Oplopanaz Torrey & Gray, Fl. North America I. hi (1840).
Horsfieldia Seemann i _ seve Bot. v. 237 (1867), non Blum

Oplopanax Miquel in Ann. Mus. Lugd.-Bat. 1. 16 (18

Panaz De Candolle, Pr. Iv. 252 (1830).—G. Don, ‘Gen. Syst. m1. 384

parte.
Fatsia Bentham & Hooker, Gen. Pl. 1. 3, 937 (1867), pro parte.
Folia saepe peltata grosse inciso- -serrata. Flores racemosi; calycis dentes subnulli

. jap
Folia pageant peltata minute serrulata. Flores stricte umbellati; calycis dentes
AC hg.) 8 ee ene ean ri meee eS Derr ee er E. elat

Echinopanax japonicum Nakai, sp.

plopanax horridum Torrey & Gray apu a Mi quel in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-
Bat. 1. 16 (1863); non i lags ees Torr. & Gr.

Aralia Laribuki Keiske herb. ex x Miquel, |. ¢. "(1863), saat pba

Aralia Faribuki Siebold hherb, ex Miquel, ]. ce. (1863), p

Horsfieldia horrida Seemann in Jour. nt . Vv. 237 (1867): es ‘Gatt. Heder.
86 (1868), quoad specimina e Japon

Fatsia horrida Bentham & Hooker Can Pl. 1. 939. ite sai Handb. Laub-
holzk. m1. 238 (1893), ee plantam Japonica:

Fatsia horrida Franchet & Savatier, Enum. PI. ape L 194 (1875).

Echinopanax horridum Harms in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 11. abt.

1894);

Japonicam.—Schneider, Il]. Handb. 1. 4380, fig. 291, g oo quoad
Santa Japonicam.—Matsumura, Ind. PI. Ja ap. Il. 418 (1912).

Affine E. horrido sed exquo foliis grossius incisis longe acuminatis,

spinis rigidioribus, inflorescentia nunquam barbata statim dignoscendum.

rutex; caulis densissime aculeatus. Folia longe petiolata; petioli
dense hispidi; lamina palmatifida, lobis inciso-laciniatis, supra viridia,
ad venas aciculata, infra pilosa et ad venas aciculati, basi cordata
saepe peltata. Flores racemoso-decompositi; pedunculi et pedicelli
pilosi saepe aciculati; calycis lobi obsoleti; petala viridescentia. Bacca
6 mm. longa, rubra, stylis 2-fidis persistentibus coronata.

Yerso: Esashi, K. Miyabe & Y. Tokubuchi; sine loco speciali, L. Boehmer;
Hakodate, C. Wright.

Honpo: monte Iwatesan, G. Nakahara; monte Iwakisan, H. Sakurai;
Nikko, J. Matsumura; ibidem, H. Sakurai; monte Bandaisan, R. Yatabe
& J. Matsumura; monte Hakusan, R. Yatabe & J. Matsumura; ibidem,
J. Nikai, no. 1981; Ibidem, H. Sakurai; monte Gassan, S. Okubo; monte
Ontake, J. Matsumura; ibidem, G. Koidzumi; monte Yatsugatake, H.
Sakurai; monte Iidesan, K. Nemoto; monte Hakkodasan, U. Faurie, no.
ig ibidem, E. H. Wilson, no. 7097; Yumoto in Nikko, E. H. Wilson,

. 6834; Nippon media et Nambu, Tschonoski.

Echinopanax elatum Nakai, Fl. Kor. 1. 276, t. 15 (1909); Veg. Dia-
mond Mts. 180 (1918).

si ed horridum Komarov in Act. Hort. Petrop. xxv. 119 (Fl. Mansh.

a a 09). al ee in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. xxvit. 34 (1918), pro

eae Heteieant M. Furumi, no. 247; monte Rorinsan, T. Mort;
monte Chiisan, 7. Nakai; Diamond Mts., 7. Nakai, no. 5697, T. Uchi.

1 Horsfieldia contains only H. aculeata Blume which has peltate leaves with dense stellate
hairs and paleaceous fruits.

16 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL v

yama; monte Gatokurei, 7. Nakai, no. 2140; Abuzsa-kozar, V. Komarov,
no. 1147; Diamond Mts., E. H. Wilson, no. 10486; Tokujitsuri, prov.
Kankyo austr., E. H. Wilson, no. 9152; monte Biadiey E. H. Wilson,
no. 9033.

Fatsia Dene. & Planch.

Fatsia Decaisne & Planchon in Rev. Hort. 1854, 405. —Miquel in Ann.
Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 1. 11 (1863).—Seemann in Jour. Bot. m. 176
(1865).—K. Koch, Dendr. 1. 677 (1869).—Bentham & Hooker, Gen.
Pl. 1. 3, 939 (1867), pro parte—Harms in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflan-
zenfam. 111. abt. 8, 33 (1894)

Aralia De Candolle, Sie Iv. 257 (1830), pro parte.—G. Don, Gen. Syst.
111. 388 (1834), pro parte.

Fatsia japonica (Thunberg) Decaisne & Planchon in Rev. Hort. 1854,
405.—Miquel in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 1. 11 (1863).—Seemann in
Jour. Bot. 11. 176 (1865).—Bentham & Hooker, Gen. Pl. 1. 939 (1867),
pro parte.—K. Koch, Dendr. 1. 677 (1869).—Franchet & Savatier,
Enum. Pl. Jap. 1. 194 (1875), —Lavallée, Arb. Segrez. 126 (1877).—Lauche,
Deutsch. Dendr. 307, fig. 206 (1880).—Dippel, Handb. Laubholzk. m.
239 (1893).—Harms in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. ut. abt. 8,
33 (1894).—Ito & Matsumura in Jour. Coll. Sci. Tokyo, xu. 535 (1899) .—
Miller in Bailey, Cycl. Am. Hort. n. 571 (1901).—Matsumura, Ind. PI.
Jap. um. 419 (1912).—Rolfe in Bot. CXLI. t. 8638 (1915).—Bean,
Trees & Shrubs Brit. Isles 1. 554 (1916

Aralia japonica Thunberg, Fl. Jap. ah (1784).—Willdenow, Spec. 1. 1519
(1797).—Sprengel, Syst. Veg. 1. 951 (182 or —De Candolle, Prodr. ry. 258
(1830).—G. Don, Gen. Syst. 111, 389 (1834).

Aralia Sieboldii hort. ex K. Koch i in Wochenschr. Gartn. Pflanzenk. 1. 407
(1859), pro synon.

Honpo: Tokyo, 7. Makino; Misaki, prov. Sagami, T. Nakai; Enoshima,
prov. Sagami, 7’. Nakai; Oiso, prov. Sagami, H. Sakurai.

Kyusuu: ininsula Yakushima, E. H. Wilson, no. 6073; sine loco speciali,
C. Wright; Nagasaki, R. Oldham; ibidem, J. Micinpioion.

TsusHiMa: in rupibus Idzuhara, T. Nakai; ibidem, Y. Yabe.

Livxiu: Kunchan insulae Okinawa, Y. Tashiro; in monte Ubachimata
insulae Okinawa, J. Matsumura.

There are many garden forms which often mutate from the type and
whose characters are hardly inheritable.

Fatsia japonica f. variegata.
Aralia Sieboldii variegata Veitch in Proc. Roy. Hort. Soc. 1.577 (1861).
Folia varie albo-variegata.

Fatsia japonica f. albo-marginata.

Fatsia japonica var. albo-marginata Lavallée, Arb. Segrez. 126 (1877),
nomen nud.

Folia margine alba.

1924] NAKAI, ARALIACEAE IMPERII JAPONICI 17

Fatsia japonica f. aureo-variegata.
Fatsia japonica var. aureo-variegata Lavallée |. c. (1877), nomen nud.
Folia aureo-variegata.
Fatsia japonica f. aureo-reticulata.
Fatsia japonica var. aureo-reticulata Verschaffelt apud André in Ill. Hort.
xvir. 116, t. 22 (1870).—Lavallée, Arb. Segrez. 126 (1877).
Aralia japonica variegata Mouillefert, Arb. Arbriss. 11. 879 (1896).
Folia aureo-reticulata.

Fatsia japonica f. undulata.
Fatsia japonica var. undulata Lavallée, Arb. Segrez. 126 (1877), nomen nud.
Folia margine eximie undulata, interdum subcrispa.

Fatsia japonica f. lobulata.
atsia iaponica var. lobulata Makino in Jour. Jap. Bot. 1. 3, 10 (1916).
Lobi foliorum lobulati.

Boninofatsia Nakai

Boninofatsia Nakai, gen. nov.

Differt a Fatsia quacum adhuc confusa filamentis complanatis, connec-
tivo producto, pyrenis crustaceis, albumine ruminato.

Arboreus; caulis solitarius apice ramosus. Folia exstipulata petiolata
biennia palmatifida serrulata v. integra. Umbellae paniculatae, ramis
et bracteis articulatis; pedicelli elongati cum floribus inarticulati; calycis
lobi nulli; petala 5 aestivatione valvata; stamina 5; filamenta plana;
connectivum bene evolutum apice productum. Discum plus minus evolu-
tum; styli5 liberi; ovarium 5-loculare; ovulain loculis solitaria; bacca nigra;
pyrenae 5 crustaceae. Albumen ruminatum.—Species duae in Bonin

incolae.
Pedicelli 2-3 om. longi...........e eee ee eee e eee e eerste eerees B. oligocarpella.
Pedicelli 1 cm. longi. «...cccss cede se cennee sss eesesee are secans B. Wilsont.

Boninofatsia oligocarpella Nakai, comb. nov.
Fatsia oligocarpella Koidzumi in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xxx1I. 136 (1918).
Bonin: in monte Kuwanokiyama insulae Habajima, S. Nishimura;
ibidem, 7. Nakai; in silvis montis Sekimonyama insulae Hahajima, T.
Nakai; in insula Kita-iwo, T. Naka.

Boninofatsia Wilsonii Nakai, sp. nov.
Fatsia oligocarpella Wilson in Jour. Arn. Arb. 1. 109 (1919); non Koidzumi.
Arborea gracilis 7-8 m. alta; rami glabri. Petioli 3-20 cm. longi, glaber-
rimi, teretes, basi dilatati, amplexicaules; lamina foliorum 8-19 cm. longa,
9-26 em. lata, 3-7-lobata, glaberrima, lobis ovatis v. obovatisv. oblongis,
supra lucida infra pallida et costis valde elevatis, margine integerrima
sed repanda. Umbellae paniculatae. Infructescentia usque 16 cm. longa;
axis albo-flosculosa; pedicelli 1 em. longi, fere glabri; bacca 7-9 cm. longa,
oblonga, nigra, stylis 5 liberis persistentibus coronata. Pyrenae crustaceae.
Albumen ruminatum.

18 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM VOL. V

Bonin: Chichijma, in silvis, E. H. Wilson, no. 8250, April 22, 1917;
Chichijima, H. Otomo, May 4, 1917.

Diplofatsia Nakai

Diplofatsia Nakai, gen. nov.

Folia exstipulata, longe petiolata, biennia, palmatifida, lobis serratis.
Umbellae paniculatae rufo-barbatae; bracteae magnae, caducae, rufo-
barbatae; pedicelli rufo-barbati, apice articulati; calycis lobi desunt;
petala 5 valvata; stamina 5; connectivum parvum; discus convexus;
ovarium 10-(8-11) loculare; styli 10 (8-11) distincti.—Species 1 in For-
mosa indigena.

Diplofatsia polycarpa Nakai, comb. nov.
atsia polycarpa Hayata in Jour. Coll. Sci. Tokyo, xxv. art. xix. 105, t. 8
(Fl. Mont. Formos.) (1908); Icon Pl. Formos. 1. 59 (1912).—Kanehira,
‘ 17).

Formosa: monte Morrison 2300 m., 7. Kawakami et U. Mori, no.
1568; Arisan, prov. Kagi, 500-2500 m., E. H. Wilson, nos. 9756, 10859.

The smooth naked calyx is articulated with the rusty-haired pedicel
and the tomentum being conspicuous especially at its end, the separation
between the calyx and pedicel is very marked.

Tetrapanax K. Koch

Tetrapanax K. Koch in Wochenschr. Girtn. Pflanzenk. 11. 371 (1859) .—
G. Bennett in Jour. Bot. 1. 309 (1864).—Seemann in Jour. Bot. v1. 57
(1868).—Harms in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. ut. abt. 8, 33
(1894).

Fatsta Bentham & Hooker, Gen. Pl. 1. 939 (1867), pro parte.

Tetrapanax papyriferum K. Koch in Wochenschr. Girtn. Pflanzenk.
11. 371 (1859).—Bennett in Jour. Bot. 11. 309 (1864).—Seemann in Jour.
Bot. v1. 58 (1868), ‘‘T. papyrifera.’”’-—Harms in Engler & Prantl, Nat.
Pflanzenfam. 111. 8, 34 (1894), ‘‘T. papyrifer.”’

Aralia ? papyrifera Hooker in Hooker’s Jour. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 1v. 53, t.

» 2 (1852).—Planchon in Fl. des Serr. vit. 153, t. 806-807 (1853); x11.
37, t. 1201 (1857).

Aralia papyrifera Hooker in Bot. Mag. uxxxu. t. 4897 (1856).

Fatsia papyrifera Forbes & Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxut. 341 (1888) .—
Miller in Bailey, Cyclop. Am. Hort. 1. 57 (1901); in Bailey, Stand. Cyclop.
Hort. 1204 (1915).—Matsumura & Hayata, Enum. Pl. Formos. 177
(1906).—Léveillé, Cat. Pl. Yunnan, 11 (1915).

Liuxiu: in page Mizato insulae Okinawa, J. Matsumura.

Formosa: Suitenryo, B. Hayata; Kelung, T. Makino; Arisan, prov.
Kagi, alt. 2000 m. E. H. Wilson; pede montis Taihei, prov. Giran, alt.
666 m. E. H. Wilson, no. 10131; sine loco speciali, R. Oldham, no. 198.

Cuina: Yunnan, in silvis, A. Henry, no. 11358; Hunan, prope urbem
Tschangscha, H. Handel-Mazzetti, no. 459; Hupeh, A. Henry, no. 7763.

1924] NAKAI, ARALIACEAE IMPERII JAPONICI 19

Oreopanax Dene. & Planch.

Oreopanax Decaisne & Planchon in Rev. Hort. 1854, 107.—Miquel in
Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 1. 26 (1863).—Seemann in Jour. Bot. mm.
270 (1865).—Bentham & Hooker, Gen. Pl. 1. 946 (1867).—Marchal in
Martius, Fl. Brasil. x1. 251 (1878).—Harms in Engler: & Prantl, Nat.
Pflanzenfam. ut. abt. 8, 40 (1894).

Oreopanax formosanum Hayata in Jour. Coll. Sci. Tokyo, xxv. art.
xix. 108, pl. 14 (Fl. Mont. Formos.) (1908); Icon. Pl. Formos. 11. 61
(1912).—Kanehira, Formos. Trees, 280 (1917).

Formosa: in monte Arisan, G. Nakahara; in monte Niitakayama, T.
Kawakami et U. Mori, no. 1871 et 1709; in monte Arisan, E. H. Wilson,
no. :
According to S. Sasaki, collector for the Formosan Government, this
plant usually grows on dry highlands from 2500-3000 m. above sea-level
but sometimes as low as 2000 m. altitude, but on Mt. Daibusan of South
Formosa it grows in the woods at about 1000 m. above sea-level. Its
trunk attains a height of 10-12 m. and a diameter of about 35-38 cm.
The bark is grayish white and has longitudinal cleavages; the pith is large.
The manner of branching somewhat resembles that of Firmiana simplex
W. F. Wight; the leaves are evergreen.

Agalma Miq.

Agalma Miquel,’ Fl. Ned. Ind. 1. 752, t. 11 (1855).—Seemann in Jour.
Bot. 11. 290, 296 (1864); v1. 164 (1868).

Heptapleurum Bentham & Hooker, Gen. Pl. 1. 942 (1867); non Gaertner.

Heptapleurum subgen. Agalma, C. B. Clarke in Hooker, Fl. Brit. Ind. 1. 728
(1879), forsan pro parte.

ee rvs Agalma Harms in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 11. abt.

Paratropia Bentham, Fl. Hongk. 136 (1861); non A. P. de Candolle.

Arbores pleraeque terrestres. Folia alterna, digitata, foliolis petiolulatis.
Infl ti 1 posita;calycis tubus ovario adnatus, limbus
5-6 dentibus persistentibus; petala 5-6, ovato-oblonga, aestivatione
valvata, apice incurva; stamina 5-6; styli breve v. longe columnares;
ovarium 5-6-loculare; drupa stylo persistente rostrata, 5-6-angulata;
pyrenae subchartaceae.—Species circiter 20 in Formosa, Liukiu, China
austr., Ins. Philipp., Borneo, Cochinchina, Malaya, Java, Sumatra, India
orient. et Ceylon.

Agalma taiwanianum Nakai, sp. nov.

Heptapleurum racemosum Hayata in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xx. 53 (1906); in Jour.
Coll. Sci. Tokyo xxv. art. x1x, 107 (Fl. Mont. Formos.) (1908); Icon. PI.
Formos. 1. 60 (1912).— Kanehira, Formos. Trees, 279 (1917).—Non Bed-

ome.

Schefflera racemosa Matsumura, Ind. Pl. Jap. 1. 2, 422 (1912), excl. syn.; non

1 Agalma DC. is cited erroneously by Steudel (Nomencl. ed. 2, 33 [1841] ) as a generic
name, though De Candolle (Prodr. vi. 250 [1838] ) had proposed it as a sectional name of
Mulgedium.

20 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. Vv

Differt a H. racemoso quocum adhuc confusum foliis saepe octomeris,
axi inflorescentiae elongata racemosa et ramis brevibus circa basin axeos
congestis, floribus hexameris.

Arborea; rami robusti glabri, cicatribus foliorum conspicuis; medulla
lamellata alba. Petioli basi dilatati subamplexicaules, elongati, 9-25 em.
longi, glabri; lamina digitatim 5-9 (vulgo 7-9)-foliolata; foliola petiolulis
5-20 mm. longis, oblanceolata, basi acuminata, apice caudato-attenuata,
supra glabra lucida, infra glaucina vel glauca, glabra; inflorescentia in apice
rami hornotini terminales 20-30 cm. longa, racemosa basi ramis brevibus
decomposita, initio minute stellulata sed mox glabrescens. Bracteae 4—8
mm. longae, ovatae; bracteolae minimae vix 1 mm. longae; pedicelli
saepe deflexi, 4-6 mm. longi; calycis tubus obovato-turbinatus, glaber,
2 mm. longus, stellulato-ciliatus; limbus brevis, obsolete 6-dentatus;
petala 6, 2 mm. longa, elongato-triangularia, intus costata, apice ungui-
culata; stamina 6, petalis longiora; antherae rotundatae biloculares.
Connectivum punctatum, non productum. Styli in columnam unicam
connati, 0.5-0.8 mm. longi; stigma obsolete 6-lobatum:; ovarium 6-
loculare. Fructus 5-7 mm. longi, sphaerici, apice in stylos persistentes
circiter 2 mm. longos rostrati.

ForMOSA: in monte Niitakayama, alt. 2000 m., T. Kawakami et U.
Mort, no. 1705; Tozan, G. Nakahara; in monte Arisan, G. Nakahara;
ibidern, E. H. Wilson, nos. 9733, 10811.

Agaima lutchuense Nakai, sp. nov.

Schefflera octophylla Ito & Matsumura in Jour. Coll. Sci. Tokyo, xi. 537
(1899).—Matsumura, and. Pl. Jap. m. 2, 422 (1912)—Non Harms.
Heptapleurum octophyllum Forbes & Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxi. 342

(1888), quoad pl. e Lutchu.—Henry in Trans. As. Soc. Jap. XxXIv. suppl.
88 (List Pl. Formos.) (1896), pro parte—Matsumura & Hayata in Jour.
Coll. Sci. Tokyo, xxm. 178 (Enum. PI. Formos.) (1906).—Hayata in Jour.
Coll. Sci. Tokyo V. art. 1x. 107 (Fl. Mont. Formos.) (1908), pro parte;

<e
Icon. Pl. Formos. m. 60 (1912).—Kanehira, Formos. Trees, 278 (1917).—
Non Hance

Differt ab Agalmate octophyllo Seemann quocum adhuc confusum,
foliis et inflorescentia rufescenti-stellulatis, foliolis 7-10 (non 5-8), pani-
culis dilatatis.

Arbor magna; truncus diametro usque 1 m.; cortex fuscescens; rami
robusti lucidi; medulla solida. Petioli 10-15 em. longi, basi dilatati
amplexicaules, glabri; foliola 7-11 (vulgo 8-11), omnia longe petiolulata,
oblanceolata vel lineari-oblonga vel elliptica, integra rarius sinuata, basi
acuta vel attenuata apice acuminatissima, supra primo sparsim minute
stellulata sed glabrescentia, opaca, subtus rufescenti-stellulata, 3-25 em.
longa, rosularum saepe paucidentata vel sinuata: petioluli 1-11 cm. longi.
Panicula ampla 10-25 em. longa, ambitu rotundata, dense stellulata,
ramis inferioribus longioribus; calycis tubus obovatus sparsim stellulatus
1.5 mm. longus, limbus brevissimus obsolete 5-dentatus;: petala 5, viridia,
patentia, 2 mm. longa, triangularia, intus supra medium costata, apice
unguiculata; stamina 5, patentia, 5 mm. longa; antherae subrotundae;

1924] NAKAI, ARALIACEAE IMPERII JAPONICI 21

discum in stylum brevem sensim elevatum; stigma obscure 5-lobum;
ovaria 5-(rarissime 6)-locularia. Bacca atropurpurea sphaerica, 4~6 mm.
longa.

Liuxiu: Nase insulae Oshima, 7. Uchiyama; ibidem, E. H. Wilson,
no. 8016; Kumage insulae Tanegashima, S. Tanaka; in monte Ubashimata
insulae Okinawa, J. Matsumura; insula Okinawa, T. Miyagi, sine loco
speciali, C. Wright, no. 101.

Formosa: Kelung, 7. Makino; Horisha, K. Miyake; Tamsui, A. Henry.
no. 1780, 1735a; Bankinsing, A. Henry, no. 57; Taihoku, E. H. Wilson, no,
10269; Tamsuy, R. Oldham, no. 199.

Kyvusuu: prov. Osumi (coll. ?); Idzumimura, prov. Satsuma, yap
Tashiro; insula Yakushima, E. H. Wilson, no. 6108

Heptapleurum Gaertn.

Heptapleurum Gaertner, Fruct. Sem. m7. 472, t. 178, t. 1 (1791).—
Seemann in Jour. Bot. 11. 297, in nota sub. gen. Agalmate (1864); 111.
75 (1865); vi. 164 (1868).—Bentham & Hooker, Gen. Pl. 1. 942 (1867),
pro parte.

Aralia sect. Paratropia Blume, Bijidr. 873 (1826).
sie ia degli eee Eu- Hept apleurum C. B. Clarke in Hooker, Fl. Brit.
Ind.
Paratropia De Gandeile, Prodr. rv. 265 (1830).—Wight & Arnott, Prodr. FI.
Ind. Or. 1. 377 (1831).—G. Don, Gen. Syst. m1. 395 (1834). —Endlicher,
Gen. Pl. re (1836—40).—Miquel, FI. tat Bat. 1. 752 (1855); in Ann. Mus

Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 1. 19 (1
Schefflera saul H Le a Harms in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam.
m1. abt. 8, 94).

Arbusculae cares plus minus seandentes. Folia alterna, digitata.
Umbellae racemosae vel paniculatae; calycis limbus brevissimus, subtrun-
catus, 5-7 (8~12)-dentatus; petala 5-7 (8-12), aestivatione valvata,
caduca, vulgo purpurea vel sanguinea; stamina 5-7 (8-12); filamenta
subulata vel subfiliformia; antherae rotundatae; connectivum parvum,
non productum; styli nulli; stigmata in disco immersa, persistentia;
ovarium 5-7-loculare. Drupae maturae subsiccae angulato-sulcatae;
pyrenae chartaceae.—Circiter 40 species in Asia trop. et insulis Pacificis.

Heptapleurum arboricolum Hayata, Icon. Pl. Form. vi. 23 (1916).

Heptapleurum octophyllum A. a ei n Trans. As. Soc. Jap. xxiv. suppl. 48
oe min eg (1896), p irr —Hayata in Tour Coll. Sci. Lai
7 (FI. Mogae. oe) (1908), pro parte —Non Hance
Schefflera eee Hayata, Icon. Pl. Formos. vi. 23 (1916), pro syn.

Formosa: in monte Kal bene S. Sasaki; Shisangan, T. Makino;
in monte Niitakayama 3000 m., T. Kawakami et U. Mori, no. 1899;South
Cape, A. Henry, no. 297, 1358, 1858A; Bankinsing, A. Henry, no. 1718;
Kuram, prov. Koshun, EZ. H. Wilson, no. 11027; circa Keitoa, prov. Nanto,
E. H. Wilson, no. 9828.

Boerlagiodendron Harms

Boerlagiodendron Harms in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 111.
art. 8, 31 (1894).

22 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

Genus eximie polymorphum forsan in plura genera dividendum.

Boerlagiodendron kotoense Nakai, comb. n
Osmoxylon kotoensts Hayata, Icon. Pl. Form. vt. al 33 (1917), nom. nud.
eae een pectinatum Hayata, Icon. Pl. Formos. x. 27 (1920), non

Differt a Boerlagiodendron pectinato Merrill quocum adhuc confusum
cristulis non pectinatis sed barbatis, floribus ramorum lateralium pedi-
cellatis.

Arbor; rami robusti glabri. Folia longe petiolata; petioli teretes basi
distincte ligulati et cristulis longe barbatis tribus instructi, barbis1.0—-1.5
cm. longis; lamina ad medium palmatim 5-loba, basi integra rotundato-
mucronata, lobis elliptico-lanceolatis grosse crenato-serratis, supra Viri-
dia lucida, infra pallida. Umbellae terminales breviter pedunculatae,
bracteis ovatis acuminatis; radii 4-fidi; rami mediani in nostris speci-
minibus decidui, laterales 4 cm. longi, medio 2-bracteolati; pedicelli
3-6 mm. longi; calycis limbus nullus. Fructus 5-sule catus; stigma epresso-
capitatum.

Formosa: insula Kotosho vel Botel-Tobago, 7. Kawakami & S.
Sasaki, no. 59.

According to Mr. Sasaki this tree grows in wet shady places on the
island of Botel-Tobago. It is about 7 m.highand its trunk is almost 10-12
cm. in diameter; the branches are scanty.

Gilibertia Ruiz & Pav.

Gilibertia Ruiz & Pavon, Fl. Peruv. Chil. Prodr. 50, t. 8 (1794); ed.
2, 40, t. 8 (1797).—De Candolle, Prodr. 1v. 255 (1830).—G. Don, Gen.
Syst. 111. 387 (1834).—Endlicher, Gen. Pl. 794 (1836-40).—Miquel in
Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 1. 3 (1863).—Bentham & Hooker, Gen. PI.
1. 944 (1867).—Marchal in Martius, Fl. Brasil. x1. pt. 1. 246 (1878).—
Harms in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzen fam.u1. abt. 8, 40 (1894). Non
J. F. Gmelin.!

Dendropanax Decaisne & Planchon in Rev. Hort. 1854, 107.—Miquel in Ann.
Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 1. 3, 26 (1863).—Seemann in Jour. Bot. 1. 299 (1864);
Rev. Heder. 27 (1868 ).—Bentham & Hooker, Gen. PI. 1. be (1876).

Textoria Miquel in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. -Bat. 1. 3, 12 (1863).

Sect. I. EUGILIBERTIA Nakai.

Umbellae decompositae. Flores 6—8-meri.

Sect. II. DENDROPANAX Nakai.

Umbellae decompositae. Flores 5-meri.

Sect. III. TEXTORIA Nakai.

Umbellae simplices vel basi tantum ramosae. Flores 5-meri. Species
Asiaticae omnes hue ducendae.

Gilibertia morbifera Nakai, comb.

Dendropanax morbiferum Léveillé in Fedde, Rep. Spec. Nov. vu. 493 (1910).

1 Gilibertia J. G. Gmelin (Syst. Nat. m. 682 (1791) ) is a synonym of the older and valid
generic name Quivisia Cavanilles

1924] NAKAI, ARALIACEAE IMPERII JAPONICI 23

Arbor magna usque 15 m. alta, ramosa; truncus cinereus, diametro
usque ad 8 dm.; rami hornotini robusti, lucidi, virides. Folia lucida,
petiolis 1-13 cm. longis supra planis v. subcanaliculatis, laminis ovatis
vel oblongis, rosularum trifidis, integris sed repandulis basi subtrinerviis
usque ad 20 cm. longis 10 cm. latis. Umbellae terminales, vulgo simplices;
pedunculi 3-5 cm. longi; pedicelli 5-10 cm. longi. Fructus ellipsoideus vel
late ellipsoideus, maturus niger, 7-10 mm. longus, stylo columnari
apice 5-lobulato persistente 1.5-2.0 mm. longo coronatus.

QUELPAERT: between Saishu and monastery, E. H. Wilson, no. 9443;
secus torrentes, U. Faurie, no. 547; in silvis Hallasan, 600 m., E. Taquet, no.
4463, 2920; in silvis Hongno, FE. Taquei, no. 180, U. Faurie, no. 1660; T.
Nakai, no. 848; in silvis, T. Nakat, no. 6360, 6359; T. Ishidoya, no. 272; in
silvis, E. Taquet, no. 895,

Korea: in silvis Choto, 7. Nakai, no. 9643; in monte Mongansan
insulae Daikokuzanto, T. Ishidoya, no. 3642; in insula Okto, T. Nakai.

This species is the plant from which the Korean yellow lacquer is
obtained. The Koreans ruthlessly slit every trunk which they find in the
woods to cause the lacquer to secrete. The lac yuer is insoluble in water
and never deteriorates if kept therein. The yellow furniture seen in
Korean shops is lacquered with it. Gulibertia trifida, the Japanese species,
is similar in its appearance, but the resin found within the bark is color-
less. It is of smaller size than the Korean species, and its fruit is spherical.

Gilibertia trifida Makino in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xv. 91 (1901).—Matsu-
mura Ind. PI. hat I. pt. 2, 419 (1912).

Acer trifidum unberg, FI. a 163 (1784).—Persoon, Syn. Pl. mu. 418
(1807). ee Wrilldenars Spec. Iv. 991 (1 Het —De Candolle, Prodr. 1. 595
(1824).—Sprengel, Syst. Ve: qr, 224 (1825

Fatsia ? Mitsude De Vries, Tuinbouw FI. m1. "987 wee

Hedera japonica Junghu hn in Ti ijdschr. Natuurl. ae ied. Phys. vit
(1840) (Nov. Gen. Spec. Pl. Jav. 25) (1840). Wels nae 11. 43 Sige,

Textoria Japonica Miata in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 1. 12 (1863); Prol.
Fl. Jap. 9 :

pee japonicum Seemann in Jour. Bot. 1. 301 Sees ee Hedr. 2
(1868).—Franchet & Savatier, Enum. Pl. Jap. 1. 191 (1875).—Biessner,
Schelle & Zabel, Handb. Laubholz. Ban. 362 (1903).

Aralia Mitsude Siebold apud Lavallée, Arb. Segrez. 125 (1877).

eae japonica Harms in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. m1. abt. 8,

1894).—Ito & Matsumura in Jour. Coll. Sci. Tokyo, xu. 271 (Ten
FL Lutch.) (1899)

Dendropanaz t rifidum Makino in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xv. 91 (1901), Ae appa

Hedera rhombea Siebold & Zuccarini in Abh. Akad. Muench. rv. I. 202

am. Nat. 1. 94) (1845), pro parte, fide Tobler; nota oad.

TSUSHIMA: in silvis montis Sumo-shiratake, 7. Nakai; in monte
Ariakeyama, Y. Yabe.

Kyusuu: in prov. Satsuma (coll.?); Obi, prov. Hiuga, K. Saida, E. H.
Wilson, no. 6225; in insula Yakushima, U. Faurie, no. 3983, E. H. Wilson,
no. 6018.

Livkivu: in insula Okinawa, M. Morita.

Suikoku: Kofumura, prov. Awa, J. Nikai, no. 2491; Nanokawa, prov.
Tosa, K. Watanabe.

24 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. Vv

Honpo: in insula Niijima, prov. Idzu, S. Okubo; Wakanoura, prov.
Ku, R. Yatabe; Yada, prov. Suwo, J. Nikai, no. 397; Enoshima insulae
Sagami, E. H. Wilson, no. 7781; ibidem, H. Sakurai; Otaki, prov. Kadzusa
(coll. ?); Komono, prov. Ise, [. Sono; Yokohama, J. Maximowicz.

Gilibertia sinensis Nakai, sp.

ee japonicum Forbes "& enue in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxii. 342
888).—Dunn & ae in Bull. Mise. Inform. Kew, add. ser. x. 119
Goi. —Non See

Rami annotini cinerei Tenticellis punctati, hornotini virides glabri.
Petioli 0.5-5.0 cm. longi, supra canaliculati, foliorum ramorum elongatorum
usque ad 12 cm. longi. Folia ramorum elongatorum 3-5-fida usque ad
18 cm. longa et 21 em. lata, lobis oblanceolatis acuminatis denticulatis.
Umbellae glabrae, simplices vel basi ramosae; bracteae ovatae acuminatae;
pedunculi 2-3 em. longi; bracteolae involucrantes parvae triangulares;
pedicelli basi rufo-barbati, circiter 1 em. longi; flores 30-150 in quaque
umbella, densi; calycis lobi 5, breves, mucronulati; petala 5, triangularia,
2 mm. longa, reflexa; stamina 5, erecta; filamenta 2.5-3.0 mm. longa;
styli 5, connati, apice liberi, post anthesin stellatim divergentes.

CuHina: Kwangtung, EF. D. Merrill, no. 1374, 13876, 1433, 1525; in monte
Lofouschan, alt. 1000 m., H. Handel-Mazzetti, no. 1382; Tien-Tai-Shan,
prov. Che-kiang, J. Hers, no. 331; prope Chang-hua, prov. Che-kiang,
F. N. Meyer, no. 1530; Fukien, near Foochow, J. B. Norton, no. 1363.

‘Yhis new species which is closely allied to the Japanese G. trifida may be
distinguished, by its stellate stigma.

Gilibertia pellucido-punctata Hayata, Icon. Pl. Form. m. 62 (1912).—
Kanehira, Formos. Trees 276, fig. (1918).
ge ie be spec. Hayata in Jour. Coll. Sci. Tokyo, xxv. art. xrx. 110 (FI.
Mon t. Formos.) (1908).
Formosa: in monte Arisan, B. Hayata; in monte Niitakayama, T.
Kawakami & U. Mori, no. 2041; in monte Arisan, prov. Kagi, E. H. Wilson,

Styli apice liberi, post anthesin divergent
Ramus gracilis. Folia subtus pala wnasinie Inflorescentia 10—20-flor
G. pellucido- punctata.

Ramus robustus. — epunctata. Inflorescentia 30- 150-flora. ..G. sinensis.
Styli in columnam conna
Lactifera. Fructus arias hed sd AYER Cae ae een eee ees G. oui
Resinifera. Fructus sphaericus...............0...000.00 ee eeeeee G. trifida,
Hedera L.

Hedera [Tournefort, Instit. Rei Herb. 612, 384 (1700).—Linnaeus, Gen.
160 (1737); Hort. Cliff. 74 (1737).—] Linnaeus, Gen. ed. 5, 94 (1754).—
De Candolle, Prodr. tv. 261 (1830), pro parte, non Swartz.—G. Don,
Gen. Syst. m1. 391 (1834).—Endlicher, Gen. Pl. 795 (1836-40), pro
parte.—Bentham & Hooker, Gen. Pl. 1. 946 (1867), pro parte.—Harms
in Engler & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. 111. abt. 8, 41 (1894).

Species 7 in Europe et Asia incolae, inter eas tres in Imperio Japonicoi
sponte nascent.

1924] NAKAI, ARALIACEAE IMPERII JAPONICI 25

Pedunculi elongati 12 cm. nee Pedicelli 2-4 em. longi......... H. pedunculata.
Pedunculi quam 5 em. breviores. Pedicelli circiter 1 em. longi

Petala circiter 2 ay longa. Folia ramorum floriferorum Saaaeiatk v. ovata

H. formosana.

Petala circiter 3 mm. longa. Folia ramorum floriferorum ovata v. angulate,

BALE INDOCOIAED 5 che oe ec BG a a ee es PK Eee aes H. japonica,

Hedera pedunculata Nakai, sp
Hedera Helix Ito & Matsumurt in een Coll. Sci. Tokyo, x11. 539 (1899),
pro parte?; non Linn

Rami juvenilespilis sellulato nl rats sparsim vestiti. Folia biennia;
petioli 1-3 cm. longi, juvenile llulati sed mox glabrescentes;
lamina foliorum ovato- heen vel ovata, supra viridis lucida, infra pal-
lida, venis elevatis, 3 cm. lata et 7 cm. longa (3 : 6.5, 2.4 : 6.c, 2.3 : 5.5,
1.4 :3.0ete.). Pedunculi 12 cm. longi, ramo solitario instructi, subglabri;
bracteae ovatae, dense fusco-stellulatae; pedicelli 2-4 (rarissime 1) cm.
longi, stellulato-pilosi; calycis tubus turbinatus, stellulatus, edentatus;
petala triangularia vel ovata, 3 mm. longa, valvata, intus medio costato-
elevata; stamina 5; filamenta 2mm. longa; antherae ovatae, 1 mm. longae;
connectivum evolutum; discus conicus, rarissime stellulatus, in stylum
brevem abiens; stigma obscure 3-lobum. Bacca ignota.

Livxktiu: sine loco speciali, S. Yajima.

Hedera formosana Nakai, sp. no
Hedera Helix Hay cata Jour. Coll. Sei Tokyo, xxiv. art. xrx. 110 (Fl. Mont.
i os.) (1909); Icon. Pl. Formos. 1. 62 (1912).—Matsumura, Ind. Fi,
a 2,.419 (1912), pro parte.—Non Linnaeus.

Pee ends subglabri, rarissime stellulati. Petioli 1.0-5.5 cm.
longi, glaberrimi; folia lanceolata vel late lanceolata vel subrhombea, basi
cuneata vel late cuneata, apice attenuata plus minus obliqua, supra glabra
lucida, infra pallida glabra. Umbellae subcorymbosae, stellulato-pilosae;
bracteae minutissimae; pedicelli 6-8 mm. longi, stellato-pilosi; calycis
tubus breviter turbinatus, dense stellulato-pilosus, 1 mm. longus; petala
subreflexa, ovata, intus supra medium costato-elevata, 2.0-2.5 mm.
longa, extus stellulata;-filamenta 2 mm. longa; antherae ovatae; connecti-
vum haud evolutum; discum brevissime conicum; styli 1 mm. longi;
stigmata obscure 5-lobata. Bacca (fide Sasaki) nigra.

Formosa: in monte Morrison, 6000 ped., 7. Kawakami & U. Mort,
no. 2017; Tapposha, 7. Kawakami & U. Mori, no. 1970;in monte Morrison,
2100 m. ped., 7. Kawakami & U. Mori, no. 1887; in monte Arisan, prov.
Kagi, E. H. Wilson, no. 9697, 10801; Sozan, E. H. Wilson, no. 11237.

Hedera japonica Tobler, Gatt. Hedera, 84, fig. 43-44a (1912).—Fedde,
Rep. Spec. Nov. x11. 160 mtee on in Bailey, Stand. Cycl. Hort.
ut. 1438 (1914).—Non Junghuh

Hedera rhombea Siebold & Ticensiis in Abh. Akad. Muench. Ne ‘ptt . 202
(Fl. Jap. Fam. Nat. 1. 94) (1845), pro parte, nomen nud.— ies, Arb.
Segrez. 126 (1877), nomen nud. —Bean, Trees & Shrubs But Tiles, 1. 609

(1914).
Hedera Helix Thunberg, Fl. Jap. 102 (1784).—Siebold & Zuccarini, 1. ¢.—
Franchet & Savatier, Enum. Pl. Jap. 1. 194 (1875).—Non Linnaeus.

26 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

Hedera Heliz var. rhombea Miquel in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 1. 13 (1863)
incl. f. angustifolia et latifolia—Franchet & Savatier, Enum. Pl. Jap. 1.
195 (1875).—Nicholson, Gard. Dict. um. 122 (1887).—Beissner, Schelle &
Zabel, Handb. Laubholz.-Ben. 11. 122 (1887).

Hedera colchica Seemann in Jour. Bot. 11. 307 (1864), pro parte.—Harms in
Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 11. abt. 8, 42 (1894), pro parte.—Palibin
in Act. Hort. Petrop. xvi. 99 (Consp. Fl. Kor. 1.) (1898).—Nakai, Fl]. Kor.
1. 274 (1909).—Non K. Koch.

? Hedera japonica Paul in Gard. Chron. 1867, 1215; in Florist & Pomol. 1870,
272

I

Hedera Helix v. japonica Lavallée, Arb. Segrez. 126 (1877), nom. nud.

Hedera japonica Siebold ex Lavallée, 1. c. (1897), pro synon.

Hedera Helix var. colchica Makino in Tokyo Bot. Mag. vu. 300 (1894);
non K. Koch.

DaGELET: in rupibus Dodo, T. Ishidoya, no. 104; ibidem, T. Nakai,
no. 4473, ibidem, E. H. Wilson, no. 8571; sine loco speciali, K. Okamoto;
in arboribus Taika, 7. Nakai, no. 4474.

Korea: in rupibus Chojyo, 7. Nakai, no. 1010; in rupibus montis
Paiyangsan, 7’. Nakai, no. 1036; in rupibus insulae Setto, T. Nakai, no.
9645; in arboribus montium Roseidai, 7. Nakai, no. 9644; in arboribus
Dojiri, T. Nakai, no. 9747; in arboribus insulae Pogilto, T. Nakai, no.
9746; in arboribus insulae Okto, 7’. Nakai, no. 471; in insula Zetsueito, 7.
Uchiyama; in insula Soanto, Y. Hanabusa; Mokpo, 7. Uchiyama.

QUELPAERT: in rupibus Tschejyu, 7. Nakai, no. 6357; in sepibus
Hongno, T. Nakai; Saishu, E. H. Wilson, no. 9318; in rupibus Yontanri,
T. Nakai, no. 201; sine loco speciali, 7. Mort, no. 80; in rupibus, 7. Ishi-
doya, no. 256; in muris, E. Taquet, no. 139; in muris Hongno, E. Taquet,
no. 888, 2918.

Lruxtu: Kekeah Isl., C. Wright, no. 102.

Kyussu: Tarumimura, prov. Osumi, Y. Nakano; in monte Kirishima,
R. Yatabe; ibidem, Z. Tashiro; in monte Higashikirishima, FE. H. Wilson,
no. 6188; in insula Tanegashima, FE. H. Wilson, no. 6150; Nagasaki,
J. Maximowicz; ibidem, R. Oldham, no. 316.

Surkoxu: Kamomyomura, prov. Awa, J. Nikai, no. 2492; Nanokawa,
prov. Tosa, K. Watanabe.

Honpvo: Tanabe, prov. Kii, J. Sono; Okunimoto, prov. Uzen, K. Nemoto;
Kuroiwa, prov. Iwashiro, K. Nemoto; Tokyo, J. Matswmura; in prov.
Kii, Hibino; Hikami, prov. Suwo, J. Nikai, no. 396; Wakanoura, prov.
Kii. (coll. ?); in insula Oshima, prov. Idzu, G. Koidzumi; ibidem, FE. H.
Wilson, no. 8190; Numadzu, prov. Suruga (coll. ?); Shiogama, prov.
Rikuzen, U. Faurie, no. 6842; ibidem, J. G. Jack; Hakone, prov. Sagami,
C. S. Sargent; Naba, prov. Harima, K. Omura; in monte Amagi, prov.
Idzu, S. Okubo; ibidem, H. Matsudaira; Simoda, prov. Idzu, C. Wright.

Hedera japonica f. variegata Nakai.
Hedera rhombea variegata Paul in Gard. Chron. 1867, 1215; in Florist & Pomol.
70, 272

Hedera Helix submarginata Hibbert, Ivy, 80, fig. (p. 89) (1872).
Hedera Helix var. japonica foliis variegatis Lavallée, Arb. Segrez. 126 (1877).

1924] NAKAI, ARALIACEAE IMPERII JAPONICI 27

srt Helix var. rhombea variegata Rehder in Bailey, Cyclop. Am. Hort. 1.

16 (1901).

Hedera Helix rhombea marginata hort. apud Beissner, Schelle & Zabel, Handb.
Laubholz.-Ben. 364 (1903).

Folia albo-marginata. In hortis Japonicis sat vulgaris.

Hedera japonica f. argentea Nakai.
Hedera Helix rhombea argentea hort. apud Beissner, Schelle & Zabel, Handb.
Laubholz.-Ben. 364 (1903).
Folia variegata saepe fere alba.
Hedera Helix rhombea ovata Beissner, Schelle & Zabel 1. c. is hardly
distinguishable.

Pentapanax Seem.

Pentapanax Seemann in Jour. Bot. 11. 294 (1864), pro parte.—Bentham
& Hooker, Gen. Pl. 1. 936 (1867), pro parte—C. B. Clarke in Hooker,
Fl. Brit. Ind. m. 724 (1879), pro parte—Harms in Engler & Prantl,
Nat. Pflanzenfam. 11. abt. 8, 55 (1897), pro parte.

As H. Harms has already pointed out (in Bot. Jahrb. xxi. 20-21
(1896) ) Pentapanar racemosum and P. subcordatum are better separated
from the other species of Pentapanax; they are terrestrial plants with the
inflorescence arranged in racemes.

Pentapanax castanopsidicola Hayata, Icon. PI. Form. v. 74, f. 15, t.
7% (1915), “castanopsisicola.”

Formosa: Funkiko, B. Hayata; in monte Arisan, prov. Kagi, E. H. Wil-
son, no. 10899.

Dr. Hayata seems to have based his description of the flowers on the
figures drawn by F. Hayami who mistook the black fungus on the half
rotten specimen for hairs. He also overlooked the existence of Pentapanax
verticillatum, P. yunnanense and P. Henryi in China and wrote of the genus
as new to the East Asiatic flora.

Aralia L.

Aralia [Tournefort, Instit. Rei Herb. 300, t. 154 (1700).—Linnaeus, Gen.
Pl, 88, n. 251 (1737); Hort. Cliffort. 113 (1737)].—Linnaeus, Gen. Pi. ed. 5,
134 (1754).—Houttuyn, Pflanzensyst. 1. 408 (1777).—Jussieu, Gen. Pl. 218
(1789).—Ventenat, Tabl. 11. 3 (1799).—Persoon, Syn. Pl. 1. 331 (1805),
pro parte.—De Candolle, Prodr. Iv. 257 (1830), pro parte.—G. Don,
Gen. Syst. m1. 388 (1834), pro parte—Endlicher, Gen. Pl. 794
(1836-40).—C. B. Clarke in Hooker f., Fl. Brit. Ind. 1. 721 (1879), exel.
sect. Ginseng.—Bentham & Hooker, Gen. Pl. 1. 936 (1867), excl. sect.
Ginseng.—Seemann in Jour. Bot. vi. 133 (1868).—Miquel in Ann. Mus.
Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 1. 6 (1863).—Sargent, Silva N. Am. v.57 (1893).—K. Koch,
Dendr. 1. 672 (1869).—Britton & Brown, Il. Fl. 1. 505 (1897).—Harms
in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. ut. abt. 8, 56 (1897), excl. Ab; in
Bot. Jahrb. xxur. 11 (1896).

28 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

gi le lag eS Comm. Phyt. 95, t. 12 (1838).—Endlicher, Gen. Pl.
Sup 0 (184
Pree a oa de Miquel in FI. Ind. Bat. 1. 749 (1885); in Ann. Mus.
Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 1. 6 (1861).
Flores polygamo-monoeici.

Herbae perennes. ey se a -pinnata.

Glabra. Pedicelli 1-2 em. longi.......0 00.000. cc ccc cee ceee A. glabra.

Plus minus praecipue in Ay ecnneren pilosa. Pedicelli 1.0-1.5 em. longi.
Calycis tubus glaber............. 0... ccc cece ce cece eeaeeeeed A. cordata.
shea ent pilosus............ A. cordata var. sachalinensis.

Frutices vel a
seni soa a, subtus glauca, glaberrima. Inflorescentia rufescenti-
MOB Bs cei as cece wh aos eve ae Geese Sees ast dd aut bate pe knee A. hypoleuca.
Foliola ovata vel late ovata vel ovato-oblon
Rachis foliorum fuscescente-barbata; folio a ato-oblonga, grosse dentata,
A

subtus glaucina et fuscescenti- pubesce Relaw pereeh ee . Decaisneana.
Rachis olor um glabra sed saepe Ae oe
Folia is glaucescentia secus venas glabra vel pilosa........ A. elata.

Folia cn fuscescenti- vel albescenti-pubescentia
A. elata var. canescens.
Aralia glabra Matsumura in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xr. 441 (1897), nom.
nud. ; xu. 17 (1899); Ind. Pl. Jap. 1. pt. 2, 418 (1912).—Komatsu in Matsu-
mura, Icon. Pl. Koishik. 1. 143 Pl. 72 (1913).
ondO: Yumoto, prov. Shimotsuke, J. Matsumura, H. Sakurai, 8.
Komatsu; Komagatake, prov. Shinano, H. Sakurai.

Aralia cordata Thunberg, Fl. Jap. 127 (1784).—Willdenow, Sp. Pl. 1
1519 (1797).—Persoon, Syn. Pl. 1. 331 (1805).—Sprengel, Syst. 1. 952
(1825).—De Candolle, Prodr. rv. 258 (1830).—G. Don, Gen Syst. 1m.
389 (1834).—Miquel in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 1. 9 (1863).—Franchet
& Savatier, Enum. Pl. Jap. 1. 191 (1875).—Marchal in Bull. Soc. Bot.
Belg. xx. 86 (1881).—Harms in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam.
m. abt. 8, 57 (1894); in Bot. Jahrb. xxi. 15 (1896).—Komarov in Act.
Hort. Petrop. xxv. 125 (Fl. Mansh. m1.) (1907).—Matsumura, Ind. Pl.
Jap. 1. pt. 22, 418 (1912).—Rehder in Bailey, Stand. Cyclop. Hort. 1.
344 (1914).

Aralia ce Siebold in Verh. Batav. Genootsch. x1. no. 1. 45 (Syn. Pl. Oecon.

Jap.) 18

Aralia edulis Siebold pice Fl. Jap. 1. 57, t. 25 (1837); in Abh. Akad.
Muench. tv. oe ve a Jap. Pam. Nat. 1. 98) (1845). —Seemann in
Jour. Bot. vi Tiae

Aralia ae pe aide $70 (1826); non erat oe

Aralia nutans Franchet & Savatier, Enum. Pl. Jap. 1. 376 (1879 ).

valia oe var. a a Makino in Tein Bot. Mag. vim. 224

894): n
vamorphanthus yn Miquel, Comm. Phyt. 96 (1837).—Walpers, Repert.
11. 431 (1843).
DaGELet: in silvis Dodo, T. Nakat, no. 4638; in silvis Joho, T. Nakai,
no. 4752; in Dodo, T. Ishidoya, no. 105; sine loco speciali, K. Okamoto.
SAGHALIN: Dui, Glehn
Mansunurta: circa Schisidagon, prov. Mukdensis, V. Komarov, no.
1152.

1924] NAKAI, ARALIACEAE IMPERII JAPONICI 29

Korea: in monte Kantairei, 7. Mori; Chodado, T. Nakai, no. 3685;
Taikori, 7. Nakai, no. 3463; in monte Chirisan, 7. Nakai, no. 759; in
montibus Gensan, U. Faurie, no. 209.

Cuina: Pan lan shan, prov. Szechuan, E. H. Wilson, no. 4285.

QUELPAERT: in silvis Hallaisan, alt. 1200 m., E. Taquet, nos. 5663, 5664;
fs sepibus Yengsil, E. Taquet, no. 4465; in herbidis Hallaisan, E. Taquet,

138.
Kat : Yoshino, prov. Satsuma, Z. Tashiro; Nagasaki, prov. Hizen.
aLiaee no. 310.

‘Sheer in monte Ishidzuchisan, prov. Iyo, G. Koidzumi; Nanokawa,
prov. Tosa, K. Watanabe.

Honpo: pede montis Jidesan, J. Matsumura; in monte Ontakesan,
G. Koidzumi; Nikko, K. Sawada; Kohara, prov. Echizen, J. Matsumura;
Hikami, prov. Suwo, J. Nakai, no. 399; Aomori, prov. Mutsu, R. Yatabe;
Nasuno, prov. Shimotsuke, H. Sakurai; in monte Iwatesan, prov. Mutsu,
H. Sakurui; Yokohama, prov. Musashi, C. J. Mazximowicz.

Eso: Sapporo, R. Yatabe; ibidem, S. Arimoto; Muroran, prov. Iburi,
J. Matsumura; sine loco speciali, L. Boehmer; Hakodate, prov. Oshima,
Albrecht.

Aralia cordata var. sachalinensis Nakai, comb.

Aralia racemosa var. sachalinensis Regel in Gartenfl. x11. 100, t. 432 (1864).

Vulgo elatus. Calycis tubus pilosus.

Yeso: in declivitate Zenibako, T. Nakai.

SAGHALIN: Sine loco speciali, Migul.

The variety sachalinensis differs from the type in its pubescent calyx.
Regel says “‘Bliithenstiele und Fruchtknoten dicht kurzhaarig.”” His
Fruchtknoten does not mean ovary but the calyx-tube. In the type the
calyx-tube is perfectly smooth. Fr. Schmidt (in Mém. Acad. Sci. St.
Pétersb. ser. 7, X11. no. 11. 141 [1868] ) says “Calycibus majoribus oblongis
quam petala longioribus.”’ If this character is true for his specimen, it
must be a variety distinct from the true sachalinensis; in Regel’s figure
the lobes of calyx are small and never exceed the petals. Makino’s
var. sachalinensis is the typical Udo, Aralia cordata, as the specimens
bearing this name in his handwriting prove.

Aralia hypoleuca Presl, Epim. Bot. 250 (1849)—Hayata in Jour.
Coll. Sci. Tokyo, xxx. art. 1. 131 (1909); Icon. Pl. Formos. 11. 58 (1912).—
Kanehira, Formos. Trees, 273 (1917

Aralia spinosa Foibes & Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. xx1i1. 338 (1888), quoad
1. e Formosa; non Linnaeus

PHILIPPINES: monte Umingan insulae Luzon, Ramos & Edano, no.
26495; Isl. Negros, Elmer, no. 10427.

Formosa: in monte Arisan, FE. H. Wilson, nos. 9654, 10798; Bankinsing,
A. Henry, no. 15; Bongari, G. Nakahara; Shinten, Nagasawa, no. 456

Livxkiu: insula Okinawa, M. Kawaharada.

30 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. Vv

According to 5S. Sasaki, this shrub grows in dry barren land of the tem-
perate mountain region at about 1000-2100 m. above sea-level in Formosa.
It is usually found growing in a higher zone than Aralia Decaisneana,
rarely coming down to 300-600 m. or even to the plain in the Koshun
peninsula.

Aralia elata Seemann in Jour. Bot. vi. 134 (1868); Rev. Heder. 90
es .—Harms in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. m1. abt. 8, 57
(1894

Die elatus Miquel, Comm. Phytogr. 95, t. 12 (1840).
Aralia canescens Siebold & Zuccarini in Abh. Akad. Muench. rv. pt. 1. 202
(Fl. Jap. Fam. Nat. 1. 94) (1845).—Lavallée, Arb. pea 125 (1877).
Dimorphanthus mandshuricus Ruprecht & Maximowicz in v. Sav.
Acad. Sci

Aralia mandshurica Maximowicz in Bot Phys Mat. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb.
xv. 134 (1856); in M¢l. Biol. 11. 427 (1857

Aralia manshurica Komarov in Act. Hort. Petrop. xxv. 123 (Fl. Mansh. 111.)
(1907).

Aralia sptnosa Miquel in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 1. p. 7 (1863), pro parte,

Linnaeus.

Aralia spinosa v. es Sargent, Silva North Am. v. 60 (1893).

Aralia chinensts v. canescens Koehne, Deutsch. Dendr. 432 (1893).—Dippel
Handb. Laubholz a ai 233 (1893), excl. pl. Chin.—Rehder in Bailey,
Cycl. Am. Hort. 1. 88 (19

ie spinosa Vv. se dl Franchet & Savatier, Enum. Pl. Jap. 1. 191 (1875).

Avalia py nie glabrescens Scl Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. u. yh (1911),

Reker: in Bailey, Stand. Cycl. Hort. 1. 344 (1914).

MANSHURIA: i Kirinensis, V. Komarov, no. 1151.

Amur: 8S. Korschinsky; C. J. Maximowicz.

Ussurr: circa Vladivostok, C. S. Sargent; ibidem, Topping.

Korea: in insula Baikato, T. Ishidoya & Chung, no. 3631; in silvis
Taikoji, 7. Nakai, no. $642; in monte Keiryusan, 7. Nakai, no. 8107;
in monte Hiraiho, 7. Nakai; in monte Kyojitsurei, prov. Heinan, 7. Mori;
in monte Kongosan, 7. Nakai, no. 5694; ibidem, FE. H. Wilson, no. 10691;
in monte Namsan, 7. Uchiyama; Hansan Monastery, Mills, no. 418; in
monte Chorei, 7. Uchiyama; in insula Okto, T. Nakai; Shinkabachin,
E. H. Wilson, no. 9096.

DaGELET: sine loco speciali, K. Okamoto; in monte Tongimi, 7. Nakai;
ibidem, FE. H. Wilson, no. 8543.

QueLpaERT: Hallaisan, 7. Nakai, no. 6361; Hongno, 7. Nakai; sine
loco speciali, 7. Mort.

Tsusnima: Takeshiki, Y. Yabe; in monte Sumo-shiratake, 7. Nakai.

SaGHALIN: Fr. Schmidt.

Yeso: in monte Tokachidake, G. Koidzumi.

Honpo: in insula Oshima, prov. Idzu, S. Okubo; Otsu, prov. Omi, J.
Sono; Hikami, prov. Suwo, J. Nikai, no. 398; Yokohama, K. Hisauchi;
Okunimoto, prov. Uzen, K. Nemoto.

Lrvux'v: in insula Okinawa, 7. Miyagi.

1924] NAKAI, ARALIACEAE IMPERII JAPONICI 31

Aralia elata f. variegata Nakai, comb. n
Aralia chinensis var. variegata Rehder in ‘Bailey, Stand. Cycl. Hort. 1. 344

(19
Aralia chinensis var. albo-marginata Bean, Trees & Shrubs Brit. Isles, 1. 197
1914).

Folia albo-marginata.

In hortis invenitur.

Aralia elata f. aureo-variegata Nakai, comb.

Aralia chinensis var. aureo-variegata Rehder, 1. c. Bean Le.

Folia aureo-variegata.

In hortis invenitur.

Aralia elata var. canescens Nakai, comb. n

Aralia 5 ded var. canescens Franchet & Savatier, Enum. Pl. Jap. 1. Pe:
Aralia pie var. elala Dippel, Handb. La aaa 11. 233 (189
Rap iales, Cyclop. Am. Hort. 1 82 (19
Aralia canescens Jager & Beissner, Ziergeh. ed. 3, Oy (1889); non Siebold &
Zuccarini.

Folia subtus albo- v. fuscescenti-velutina.

Honvo: Tokyo, J. Matsumura; Sendai, prov. Rikuzen, K. Nemoto;
Yumoto, prov. Shimotsuke, C. S. Sargent; Chuzenji, prov. Shimotsuke,
ee :

Yeso: sine loco speciali, LZ. Boehmer; circa Sapporo, C. S. Sargent;
ibidem, J. G. Jack; Hakodate, prov. Oshima, Albrecht.

This species is distinguished from both Aralia spinosa and A. chinensis
by the form of the inflorescence. In these two species the main axis
of the inflorescence is elongated terminating the branch of the current
year. Thus the inflorescence forms a terminal erect panicle. In A. elata
the axis of the inflorescence is short and its main branches are well devel-
oped and more or less umbellate. The main branches of the inflores-
cence become themselves panicled spreading when in flower and drooping
in fruit. Aralia spinosa has distinctly stalked leaflets by which it is
distinguished from either A. elata or A. chinensis. A. chinensis has or-
dinarily finer serrations and more tapering leaflets than A. elata. We
have an imperfect glabrescent specimen from Formosa. It lacks the
inflorescence and I cannot ascertain to what species it really belongs.
According to S. Sasaki this type grows in the whole island of Formosa
below 1000 m. above sea-level and does not branch. A specimen from
Western China (Wilson’s no. 3692) has the leaflets minutely but sparsely
ciliated all over the lower surfaces, but the pubescence is not velutinous
as in the type.

Aralia chinensis Linnaeus, Spec. 273 (1753).—Houttuyn, ling oeieciaie 1. 41
(1777).—Lamarck, Encycl. Méth. 1. 223 (1787).—Willdenow, Spec. 1. 1520
(1797).—Persoon, Syn. PI. 1.332 (1805).—De as Prodr. Iv. 250. (1830) —G.
Don, Gen. Syst. 1. 389 (1834).—Seemann Le oo Bot. vi. soa (1868); Rev.
Heder. 90 (1869).—K. Koch, eats 1. 673 (18 69) Jager & Beissner, Ziergeh.
ed. 3, 37 (1889), excl. syn.—Harms & Rehder in Sargent, PI. Wilson. 11. 566 (1916).

ralia chinensis var. canescens Dippel, Handb. Laubholzk. m1. 233 (1893),
pro parte.—Schneider, Ill. Handb. tapioiic 1. 431 (1911), quoad pl.
e China.—Non Koehne

82 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v
pil — Forbes & Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. xx111. 338 (1888), pro
non Linnaeus.

Cu oe hos A. Henry, no. 2104; ibidem, FE. H. Wilson, no. 602; Hsing-
shan Hsien, FE. H. Wilson, ae 622: prope Washan, E. H. Wilso on, no. 1962;
Ichang, £. H. Wilson, = 1963; Fupe, Silvestri; Yunnan, G. Forrest, nos. 11505,
— in silva infra vic m Tungdjiapai, prope minas Hsikwangschan, prov. Hunan,

andel- mney mee 2447, 678, 811; Huangtsauba-Taipinggai, prov. Kweit-
scan, H. Handel-M azzetti, no. 2020; prope Lantai Ting, prov. Kweichan, O. Schoch,
408; ane Mts., E. Faber, no. 44.

pee chinensis var. nuda Nakai,

Aralia chinensis var. a ie & Rehder in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 11.
567 (1911); non Schneider
Aralia chinensis a. elata Dippel, Handb. Laubholzk. m1. 233 (1893), quoad

=~

HS |

Folia glaberrima velinfr la vel rarissime tota spar-

sim ciliolata. Infloresoen tia tota bs apice tantum pilosa.
Tsing si Hsien, prov. Kansu, J. Hers, no. 2428; Patung Hsi, prov. Hupeh,

E. H. Wilson, no. 128; Kuling, esi Kiangsi, E. BH: Wilson, no. 1508; Ichang,
prov. Hupeh, FE. H. Wilson, no. 128; ee pee E. H. Wilson, no. 128;

ui-ain Hsien, prov. Chekiang, J. Hers a Lao Laie prov. £ Shensi, G. Girald :
a pot alt. 100 m., prov. a na 1, J. Hers, no. 948 ; Shih Tse Miao, alt.

1200 m., orov. Honan, J. Hers, no. 1271; Hai- chow Hills, prov. Kiangsu, J. Her
no. 22 74."
In the Arnold Arboretum there is a small plant raised from the seeds sent by
J. Hers in 1919. The seeds were collected from the same tree as his specimen
No. 1151.
yi Planchoniana Hance (in Jour. Bot. tv. 172, [1866] ) is a very rusty-
tomentose species and is entirely different from this. The specimen collected by
C. O. Levine near Canton (no. 1853) belongs to this species.

Aralia Decaisneana Hance in Jour. Bot. 1v. 172 (1866); in Ann. Sci.
Nat. sér. 5, v. 215 (1866).

ralia ee ade Forbes & Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soe. xxi. 338 (1888),
pro parte.—Matsumura i Hayata, Enum. PL Form. 176 (1906), pro
parte. an con. Pl. Formos. 1. 58 (1912).

Differt ab A. chinensi et A. elata rachi foliorum rufescenti-barbata,
foliolis longioribus grosse dentatis.
Formosa: Hikaku, 7. Makino.

According to S. Sasaki this species is limited to the middle part of
Formosa where it grows in the low land below 1000 m. above sea-level.
Panax L.

Panax (Gronovius)' Linnaeus, Gen. Pl. [ed. 2, 105, no. 246 (1742);]
ed. 5, 481 (1754), pro parte.—Trew, Pflanzensyst. x. 333 (1783), pro
parte.—Jussieu, Gen. Pl. 218 (1789), pro parte.—Willdenow, Spec. Iv. 1124
(1805), pro parte.—Endlicher, Gen. PI. 793 (1836-40), pro parte.—Seemann
in Jour. Bot. v1. 54 (1868).—Harms in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam.
11. abt. 8, 58 (1897); in Bot. Jahrb..xxm. 3 (1896).

ee te Nala bame sie str. Fl. 40 (1718). eve Pl. Select. t. 6. (1750).

an

d Ventenat, Tab. Regn. a Ill
Panaz § 1. De Candolle, “Pode Iv. 252 (1830).—G. oe Gen. Syst. m1. 384
1834

( ?

Panaz § 1. Araliastrum Vaillant apud Miquel in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-
Bat. 1. 14 (1863).

1Gronovius, Fl. Virgin. m. 147 (1789).

1924] NAKAI, ARALIACEAE IMPERIT JAPONICI 33

ax § 1. Eupanaz Torrey & Gray, Fl. North Am. 1. 607 (1838-40).
yas sect. 1. Ginseng Bentham & Hooker, Gen. Pl. 1. 936 (1867).—C. B.
Clarke in Hooker, Fl. Brit. Ind. 1. 721 (18
Panaz subgenus Aureliana C. A. Meyer in Bull. Phys.-Math. Acad. Sci. St
Pétersb. 1. 340 (1 843).

Linné’s Panax comprises Panazx trifoliatum, P. quinquefolium and
P. fruticosum. The last, however, is a species of Nothopanax with double
pinnate leaves and valvate petals. Many authors like Houttuyn, Jussieu,
Willdenow, Aiton, Endlicher and others have followed him. But from
the time of A. P. de Candolle many species of the Nothopanax-type have
been added to the genus and its characters gradually have come to
represent the conception of Decaisne & Planchon or Bentham & Hooker.
Seemann who made a thorough study of the Araliaceae known at his time
reverted to the Linnean conception of the genus and improved it by ex-
cluding from it Panax fruticosum. Harms has followed him and this is
really the best disposition.

Panax japonicum C. A. Meyer in Bull. Phys.-Math. Acad. Sci. St. Pét-
ersb. 1. 340 (1840), excl. syn. P. quinquefolium var. japonicum.— Walpers,
Repert. v. 924 (1846).

Pana 8 Schin-seng var. japonica Nees, Icon. Pl. Medic. Suppl. fase. 5, comp.
69, t. color. 16, B. B1 (1833).
Panax iungieflinn 8. subsessilis Miquel in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 1.

he repens Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. x11. . Sear:
Mél. Biol. vi. 264 (1868).—Franchet & pliers Enum. PI. . 192
(187: 5).—Matsumura, Ind. Pl. Jap. 1. 2, 421 (19
7 821 (1007) var. repens Makino in Tinuma, cca eee rev. ed. I.
ax Ginseng var. japonicum Makino in Tokyo Bot. peer XXIV. 223 (1910).
pans repens Makino in Tokyo Bot. Mag. viit. 225 (189
Aralia quinquefolia var. repens Burkill in Kew Bull. Mise. Inform. 1902, 6.

Panax japonicum f. typicum Nakai.

Foliola 5-7, duplicato-serrulata, obovata vel oblanceolata. Bacca
coccinea.

Honvo: Nikko, S. Okubo; ibidem, K. Sawada; in monte Kiyozumi,
prov. Awa, S. Okubo; in monte Chokaizan, R. Yatabe; Hondojisan, R.
Yatabe; prov. Kawachi, T. Tada; in monte Jyujyotoge, prov. Idzu,
Matsumura; Aidzu, R. Yatabe; in monte Takao, S. Okubo; in monte Ontake,
J. Matsumura; in monte Mitake, prov. Musashi, Y. Yabe; in monte
Komagatake, prov. Echigo, B. Hayata; in monte Iidesan, R. Yatabe; Hak-
one, J. Matsumura; in monte Kongosan, prov. Kawachi, S. Matsuda;
in monte Hakusan, prov. Kaga, R. Yatabe et J. Matsumura; ibidem,
H. Sakurai; in monte Hakkodasan, prov. Mutsu, H. Koidzwmi; in monte
Tateyama, prov. Etchu, J. Matsumura; Tenisan, prov. Iwashiro, G.
Nakahara; Yoshino, prov. Yamato, H. Sakurai; in monte Komagatake,
prov. Shinano, H. Sakurai; in monte Hiei, prov. Omi, I. Sono; Shikayu,
prov. Mutsu, H. Sakurai; Chichibu, prov. Musashi, H. Sakurai; Kamasaki,
prov. Rikuzen (coll. ?); Takaoyama, prov. Musashi, K. Watanabe.

34 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. Vv

Yeso: sine loco speciali, L. Boehmer; Nopporo, prov. Ishikari, T.
Nakaz; in monte Moiwa circa Sapporo, J. Matsumura; Sapporo, K. M iyabe;
ibidem, E. Tokubuchi; ibidem, S. Arimoto; Murolan, prov. Iburi, K. Saida
Cape Sangar, J. Small; Hakodate, C. J. Maximowicz.

Kyusuu: in monte Kirishimayama, prov. Osumi, R. Yatabe; Fuka-
bayama, prov. Higo, Z. Tashiro.

TsusSHIMA: in monte a Otani; in monte Tendoyama, 7. Nakai;
sine loco speciali, C Wilfo

Panax japonicum f. trifolio latum Nakai, comb.

Panaz Ginseng var. repens f. trifoliolatum Makino i in Tnuma’ s Somokudzusetsu
rev. ed. 322 (190

Panax Ginseng var. japonica f. trifoliolatum Makino in Tokyo Bot. Mag.
XXIv. 224 (1910).

Folia digitatim 3- (rarius 4)-foliolata. Fructus ut in typo.

Honvo: Nikko, prov. Shimotsuke, K. Sawada.

SHIKOKU: in monte Kodzusan, prov. Awa, J. Nikai, no. 1467.

Panax japonicum f. lancifolium Nakai, forma nova.

Foliola anguste oblanceolata subsimpliciter serrulata.

Honpo: monte Zissokutoge, prov. Idzu, J. Matswmura; in monte
Kiyozumi, prov. Awa, S. Okubo.

Kyusuu: Obi, prov. Hiuga, K. Saida.

Panax japonicum f. incisum Nakai, forma nova.

Foliola inciso-duplicato-serrata.

Honpo: in monte Kongosan, prov. Kawachi, S. Matsunda.

SHIKGKU: in monte oe prov. Awa, J. Nikaz, no. 1816; Yasui
mura, prov. Tosa, S. Yan

Panax japonicum f. dichrocarpum Nakai, comb. nov
Panax quinquefolia b. japonica ce. fructibus apice nigris Siebold in Verh.
(Syn

atav. Genoot. x. no. 1, 45 Ph. Oecon. Jap.)(18
shite Ginseng var. japonicum f. Ha a aa Makino i in Tokyo Bot. Mag.
XIv. 224, excl. syn. (1910

Folia ut typica. Bac ‘ca coccinea apice nigra.
Honpo: in silvis montis Takaosan, prov. Musashi, 7. Nakai.

Panax japonicum f. spa i dag Nakai, comb. no
Panax quinquefolia b. japonica ce. fru dare ia Siebold i in Verh. Batav.
Genoot. x1. 45 (Syn. Pl. nn Jap.) (18
Panax Ginseng var. japonicum f. a St ane Makino i in Tokyo Bot. Mag.
XxIv. 224 (1910).
Folia ut typica. Fructus flavus.
In montibus Japonicis crescere dicitur sed mihi adhue ignotum.
Maximowicz used a new name Panax repens for this species citing the
following —

“Nomen japon tcum C. A. Mey., nk quinquefolia var. bi elea! Siebold
superstructi, eirke » quia specimen Sieboldii unicum, a room o Japonensi
Keiske datum, cere ae nil nisi exemplar monstrosum sag ane aegre

a Japonensibus conservantur, radix vero, certe seorsim a , Sieboldio reportata,
quia omnino non mos est Japonensium, aoe una cum reliaua planta exsiccare,

1924] NAKAI, ARALIACEAE IMPERII JAPONICI 35

vedrtnge one si molis tam est incommodae, et praeterea, quia a Miquelio, qui spec.
uth. examinata, sub ee praeteriter, nostro P. repenti desumta est.” (See
Mal Biol. v1. 266-267 [18 67] ).

C. A. Meyer remarks:

“‘Erst v. Siebold, dem wir so viel fiir die Sear Japan’s zu verdanken haben,
machte auf die Verschiedenheit dieser Pflanzen, sowie des japanischen Ginschen,
pea siperobes un ees von Esenbeck sah ch veranlasst, zwei Arten anzuneh-

=e Nee Panazx quinquefolius und den asiatischen P. Schin seng;
diese ltztere Art umfasst, nach des Verf mee sagen den Riateanieeet chinesis-
n japanishen Ginschen, so nepalischen P. Pseudo-ginseng.’
(See Bull. Phys. -Math. Acad. Sci. St. eee e 339 [1824]).

Though Meyer’s name Panazx japonicum might possibly have been
derived from Siebold’s Panaz quinquefolium b. japonicum, his description
is based entirely on the figure of Nees, since he says “Plantam non vidi,
sed ex icone speciem omnino distinctam esse credo,’’ and Siebold did not
have a figure, while Nees von Esenbeck published an excellent colored
plate in his Icones Plantarum Medicinalium. According to Meyer’s
description “rhizomate repente, fibris lateralibus fusiformibus; squama
decidua ad basin caulis; foliolis 5 oblongis acuminatis profunde serratis”’
the plant cannot be any other than this species. Eliminating the synonym
P. quinquefolium b. japonicum Siebold, the name P. japonicum becomes
the correct name for this species and Panazx repens becomes its synonym.
So far as I know there is no yellow-fruited Panar Ginseng. I think
Siebold made his note from memory and mistook Panax japonicum and
his specimen of Panax schin-seng for the same species.

Panax schin-seng Nees, Icon. Pl. Med. suppl. fase. 5, t. 16 A-A3, d, e
f excl. var. 2 and 3 (1833).
Panax quinquefolia a. coreensis Siebold in Verh. Batav. Genoots. x11. 45 (Syn.
Pl. Oecon. Jap.) (1830) ; nom. nu
P, ee b. japonica Siebo Id 1. c., fide Maximow
Panazx Ginseng C. A. Meye a n Bull. Acad. St. Pétersb. sér. 7 1. 340 micas —
alpers, a v. 924 (18 46). Branchet & Savatier, Enum. Pl. J oe
in nota sub P. repens (1875) .—Seemann in Jour. Bot. 11. 320 (1864):
54 (1 868). —H arms in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzanfam. 11. abt. 8, 39
fig. 10 & 11 (1867); in Bot. Jahrb. xxi. 10 (1897). —Palibin in Act. Hort.
Petrop. xvu. 100 (Con nsp. Fl. Kor. 1.) (1898).—Komarov in Act. Hort.
Petrop. xxv. 126 (FI. Ngevercs mi.) (1907). cee in Iinuma, Somo-
kudzusetsu, rev. ed. 319 (1907). —Nakai, Fl. Kor. 1. 279 (1909).
spe! fuera var. Ginseng i die & Manche ere Regel in Gartenfl.
1. 314, t . a-d, f, i, k (1862).
Aegis pias var. Ginseng, Guide to Kew Museum, no. 1. 87 (1886),
fide Burkill in Kew Bull. Mise. Inf. 1902, 6.

Panax schin-seng var. coraiense Nees, Icon. Pl. Med. suppl. fase. 5,
sub. t. 16 (1833). (1833), “var. Coraiensis.”’ Of this variety two forms
may be distinguished.

Panax schin-seng var. coraiense f. spontaneum Nakai, forma nova.

Rhizoma plus minus cylindrice elongatum.

In silvis Koreae sept. et mediae rarum.

Panax schin-seng var. coraiense f. cultum Nakai, f. nova.
Rhizoma brevissimum.

36 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

In agris Japonicis et Koreanis colitur.

Although Panax Ginseng C. A. Meyer is the best name for the Korean
Ginseng, P. schin-seng precedes it by ten years. Panaax schin-seng has
three varieties of which two belong really to two distinct species. When
a species is subdivided into varieties by an author such as a, b, ¢ or 1, 2, 3
or giving names of their own and the co-ordinate descriptions are followed
it is natural to adopt the first variety for the type. Panax schin-seng is
one of these cases and moreover it is furnished with colored plates which
no one can mistake for any other species. This is the reason why the name
Panax schin-seng is adopted here.

The author started this investigation at the Tokyo Imperial University
and finished it at the Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University. He wishes
to express his great appreciation of Professor Sargent ’s courtesy in allowing
him to avail himself freely of the library and the herbarium of that institu-
tion. The author wishes also to thank Mr. E. H. Wilson for useful help
and to Miss Tucker for her courteous assistance in the library. And he
wishes especially to emphasize his sense of gratitude toward Mr. Rehder
for his valuable criticisms and suggestions.

EHRETIAE QUAEDAM NOVZE ASIATICAE
T. NaKkal

“The Chinese specimens [of Ehretia acuminata] agree well with Ben-
tham’s full description of Brown’s species, and in the absence of Australian
material of the typical plant there is nothing to be done but to follow
Clarke and others in referring the Asiatic plant to Brown’s species. Never-
theless, I am sceptical as to the two being conspecific, since such distri-
bution is contrary to all we know of Chinese woody plants.”

This is a note by Mr. E. H. Wilson when he enumerated the Chinese
Ehretia in Sargent’s Plantae Wilsonianae. Agreeing in this opinion I have
lately studied all the material of Ehretia acuminata and of the allied species
in the Arnold Arboretum Herbarium. Fortunately I have been able to
see both flowering and fruiting specimens of Ehretia acuminata from
Australia and of the related species. They are indeed closely related but
have some remarkable distinctive characters. The most important
character distinguishing FE. acuminata from allied species is the shape of
the anthers. In E. acuminata they are roundish and the connective is
not produced while in the other species they are oblong and the connective
exceeds the anther-tips. Next to the shape of the anthers, the pubescence
and the persistence of the leaves, the color and nature of the fruits are
prominent characters of the group. According to these characters the
species may be distinguished as follows:—

Folia subtus pubescentia vel pilosa

Folia supra glabra, subtus ai ie, ovata vel ovato-rotundata, remote et

minute serrulata, basi rotundata. Fructus maturi rubri......... E. pilosula.

1924] NAKAI, EHRETIAE QUAEDAM NOVAE ASIATICAE 37

Folia supra Sepals corer subtus pilosella vel subglabra, oblonga vel ob-
ee ovata, per ongitudinem serrulata, basi rotundata vel acuta vel
ordata aoa serene (2101) A ce eae ee err re ae E. polyantha.
Folia sUbttE praeter axillas venarum glaber
Antherae rotundatae vel late ovatae, connec aa loculos antherae non superante.
Ramulus biennis ee Folia lanceolato-acuminata vel ovato-
acuminata. ructus
Folia margine per Het | acnnenNe minute serrulata.
E. acuminata.
Folia margine remote serrulata interdum subintegra.

E. acuminata var. sia baled

Antherae oblongo-ovatae vel oblongae apiculatae. Ramulus biennis fuscu
el cinereo-fuscescens. Folia lanceolato-acuminata vel ovato- vel el nate-

nata.
foe en a minute serrulata vel subcrenulato-serrata. Fructus aurei

Folia vulgo ern interdum elliptica, vulgo utrinque ig
rsiflora.
Folia vulgo elliptica, crenulato-serrata....... E. t ae. var. netivolie
Folia per hiemem persistentes. Fructus aurantiaci vel rubri.

Fructus matur i aurantiaci, non edules. Folia oblonga vel anguste oblonga,
apice mucronata vel acuminata, caries baa adulta utrinque glabra,
basi acuta vel ee at Ol sPEUNOR ia 5 Sa ces eons) . tatwaniana.

Fructus maturi rubri, e

eee lanceolata vel splones: lanceolata basi acuta v. acuminata, ae

SOTA esse eee eee aeons aiisvete once (entucisheb ekolicsegateteye ave ees

Folia = vel elliptica, subirregulariter serrulata, basi rotu ay yell
Ash Pose Peete RANE eles ie eae penser a> E. serrata var. pyrifolia.

Ehretia aoa F. Mueller in Fragm. Phytogr. Austral. v. fase. XXX1v.
20 (1865)

AUSTRALIA.

Specimen non vidi.

Ehretia polyantha A. de Candolle, Prodr. 1x 503 (1845).

Ehretia virgata Blanco, Fl. Filip. 127 (1837), non Swartz.

Ehretia Onava A. de Candolle Prodr. rx. 511 (184

ne acuminata Vidal y ae Rev. Pl. Vasc. Filip 193 (1886).—Robinson
hilipp. ee Sci. Iv. 690 (Philipp. Borag.) (1909).—Merrill, Spec.

Blane 328 (1918).

Puruiprrne Istanps: (Mindanao, Luzon, Negro Isl.).

This is an evergreen tree flowering from October to March, the fruits
ripening from May to June. The leaves are comparatively large among
the species of this group and are very often subcordate at base. The
inflorescence is large and always scabrous.

Ehretia acuminata R. Brown, Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. 497 (1810).—
A. de Candolle, Prodr. 1x. 503 (1845).—Bentham, Fl. Austral. 1v. 387
(1869).—F. Mueller, Fragm. Phytogr. Austral. rx. 122 (1875).—Betche,
Handb. Fl. New South Wales, 362 (1893).—M. Bailey, Queensl. Fl. tv.
1038 (1901), excl. syn. E. serrata.

AUSTRALIA.

Ehretia acuminata var. laxiflora Bentham FI. Austral. 1v. 388 (1869).—
M. Bailey, Queensl. Fl. 1v. 1038 (1901)

AUSTRALIA.

38 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. Vv

This is nearest to Ehretia serrata, but the color of the twigs is different.
I saw specimens’ taken from a tree cultivated in the Botanic Garden, at
Buitenzorg, Java. It seems different from either E. serrata or E. acuminata,
but the material is not sufficient to decide this. According to F. Mueller
(I. c.) the leaves of E. acuminata are deciduous, but I think this is a mistake.
The flowering specimens in the Arnold Arboretum Herbarium were col-
lected in the garden of Palace Grounds of Sydney in April and the fruiting
specimen on the Blackall Range in January. They show that the flowers
appear in autumn and fruit ripens in summer, the leaves remaining
through the winter.
Ehretia thyrsiflora Nakai, Trees Shrubs Jap. 1. 327, fig. 179 (1922);
Fl. Sylv. ei XIv. 20, t. 4 (1923).
Ehretia serrata g. obovata Lindley in Bot. Reg. x11. nota sub tab. 1097 (1827).
Cor fe thysifors ne & (1846). in Abh. Akad. Muench. tv. pt. m1. 150
a serrata me & Savatier, Enum. Pl. Jap. 1. 3383 (1875); non Rox-
ur

£
Ehretia acuminata Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxv1. 143 (Ind. Pl. Sin.)
(1890), pro parte-—Diels in Bot. Jahrb. xxrx. 545 (Fl. Centr. Epa
(1900 ). —Pa moar! in Nuov. Giorn. Bot. Ital. n. ser. xvi. 699 (1910
Wilson in Sargent, P]. Wilson. 111. 362 (1916), pro parte—Non R. Browit
Ehretia ebnliclea Hacskat! Cat. Hort. Bogor. 137 (1844); non Wight.
Ehretia acuminata v andifolia Pampanini, Nuov. Giorn. Bot. Ital. n. ser.
Xvir. 699 (1910).

Kyusuu: Osumi province: circa Kirishima, R. Yatabe.

Formosa: Takou, (A. Henry, no. 1135).

Cuina. Shangtung: Yen Miao, J. Hers, no. 1924. Honan:
monte Yui Tai Shan, J. Hers, no. 282. Hupeh: Ichang, E. H. Wilson,
no. 74; Hsing-Shan- Hsien, E. H. Wilson, no. 744A; Changyang Hsien,
E. H. Wilson, no.'819, 1103; sine loco, A. Henry, no. 6358. Kiangsu:
Huang Tsang Yii, J. Hers, no. 1001. Hunan: inter urbes Tsingtschon
et Wukang, H. Handel-Mazzetti, no. 340. Yunnan: Szemao, A. Henry,
no. 10545.

J. Hers no. 1924 agrees with Pampanini’s variety grandifolia, which
is based on a vigorous branch of a young tree

Ehretia thyrsiflora var. latifolia Nakai, Trees Shrubs Jap. 1. 329 ( 1922).

Folia elliptica crenulato-serrata.

Kyusuu: in monte Sobosan, H. Sakurat.

This is a distinct seas found only in the northern part of Kyushu and
in western Hondo

Ehretia taiwania ana Nakai, sp.

Ehretia acuminata Hemsley in ae Linn. Soc. xxvi. 144 (Ind. Fl. Sin.)
(1890), pro parte.—Henry in Trans. Asiat. Soc. Jap. xxiv. suppl. 62 il
Pl. Formosa) (1896). at, Aveta in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xir. 83 (1898)
Matsumura & Hayata, Enum. Pl. Formos. 253 (190 6).—Matsumura, Tad:
Pl. Jap. 1. pt. he 524 (1912), pro parte.—Dunn se ye, Fl. Kwangtung
177 (1912).— Gagnepain n & Courchet in Lecomte, Fl. Gén. Indo-chine, rv.
209 (1914).—Wilson in Sargent, PI. = ut. 363 (1916), pro parte.—
Kanehira, Formos. Trees, 381 (1918).— n.

1 Vide Ehretia acuminata Koorders & Valeton, oo Java, vit. 74 (1900), et Ehretia
serrata Koorders, Excursionsfl. Java, 1. 127 (1912).

1924] NAKAI, EHRETIAE QUAEDAM NOVAE ASIATICAE 39

Arbor mediocris. Cortex trunci griseus, longitudine fissus. Folia et
inflorescentia juvenilia saepe pilosa sed demum glabrescentia; ramuli
glabri teretes, biennes, grisei vel fusco-grisei. Petioli glabri, 7-30 mm.
longi, supra canaliculati, virides; lamina nutans, oblonga v. elliptica, apice
acuta vel mucronata vel attenuata, basi acuta vel rotundata vel subcordata,
2-14.5 cm. longa, 0.7-7.5 cm. lata, subcoriacea, supra glabra vel sparsis-
sime scaberulo-ciliata secus venas primarias adpresse ciliata, margine
crenulato-serrata vel interdum subintegra vel subduplicato-serrata. In-
florescentia erecta terminalis thyrsoidea, basi nuda vel foliosa, 3-20 cm.
longa, ramis primo pilosis sed glabrescentibus; flores densi sessiles vel
brevissime pedicellati, suaveolentes; calyx 5-lobus, lobis 1.5 mm. longis
orbicularibus vel ovato-orbicularibus margine ciliolatis; corolla alba,
tubo incluso vel subexserto, lobis oblongis obtusis reflexis 2-3 mm. longis;
stamina exserta; antherae ovato-oblongae, albae, mana styli apice
bifidi. Bacca parva sphaerica, aurantiaca, inedulis; pyrenae 1-2.

Formosa: Bankinsing, A. Henry, nos. 506, 443; Takow, A. Gen nos.
1874, 1778, 1778a; South Cape, A. Henry, nos. 952, 922;in silvis Maruyama,
U. Faurie, no. 303; in silvis Paehiran, U. Faurie, no. 302; Pinan, E. H
Wilson, no. 11133.

Livxiu: Naha insulae Okinawa, E. H. Wilson, no. 8018.

Curva. Kwangtung: circa Canton, C. 0. Levine, no. 446. Yunnan:
via Peyentsin ad Tatienkai, Siméon Ten, no.310. Kwangsi: Ta Yu Hsien,
H. H. Hu, no. 964. Hupeh: Ma-pan-sciah, 1000 m., C. Silvestri, no. 1919.

This is a subtropical evergreen tree. It is the subject of Wilson’s
photograph no. 3307

Ehretia serrata Roxburgh, Hort. Bengal. 17 (1814), nom. nud.; Fi.
Ind. ed. Carey, u. 340 (1824); Fl. Ind. ed. 2, 1. 596 (1832).—Lindley in
Bot. Reg. xu. t. 1097 (1827).—A. de Candolle, Prodr. 1x. 503 (1845).—
Brandis, Forest Fl. Ind. 339 (1874).—S. Kurz, Forest Fl. Brit. Burma
ur. 210 (1877).—Gamble, List 37 (1878); Man. Ind. Timbers, 272 (1881).

sapelicege acuminata C. B. Clarke in Hooker f. Fl. Brit. Ind. rv. 141 Sarr excl.
yn. E. ovalifolia et Cordia thyrsiflora—Brandis, Ind. Trees, 481 (1906).—
Kanjilal, Forest FI. ae et Jaunsar, 296 (1911). Gamble, Man. Ind.
Timbers, ed, 2, 1, 503 (1922).
Himataya, Kuasia, BENGAL, ae Uprer Burma.
Ehretia serrata var. pyrifolia A. de Candolle, Prodr. rx. 503 (1845).
Ehretia pyrifolia D. Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. ar (1825).

BENGAL et NEPAL.

This also is an evergreen tree. The flowers appear from March to
June; the fruits ripen from May to November

Ehretia Dicksoni Hance in Ann. Sci. Nat. oh 4, XVIII. 224 (1862).

96).—
Jahrb. xxrx. 545 (1900).—Matsumura & Hayata in Jour. Coll. Sci. Tokyo
xxit. 254 (Enum. Pl. Formos.) (1906).—Pampanini in Nuov. Giorn. Bot.
Ital. n. ser, xvit. 699 (191 0).—Bean, Trees Shrubs Brit. Isl. 1. 504 (1914).—
Wilson in Sargent, Pl. Wils. m1. 364 (1916), pro parte, excl. syn. Ehretia
corylifolia.—Non Wallich.

40 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

Haec species ab FE. macrophylla floribus corymbosim dispositis dignos-
cenda.

Ehretia Dicksoni has been often mistaken for E. macrophylla from which
it differs in its racemosely arranged flowers on the branchlets of the in-
florescence. Mr. E. H. Wilson tells me he is now of the opinion that
Ehretia Dicksoni is distinct from the Himalayan E. macrophylla. He saw
many plants of KE. Dicksoni in Paris where it is quite hardy and flowers
and fruits freely and is considered a good tree to plant in streets where
small trees are desired. Ehretia Dicksoni is a variable plant and its varieties

may be distinguished as follows.

Folia subtus tota petiolisque velutina, late elliptica vel ovata = Bel eset ane
nflorescentia velutina. Corolla extus gr iseo-ciliata.. .E. Dicksoni var. tomentosa.
Folia subtus saltem ad ¢ Sana basin et searchin pilosa vel stp eid

Folia subtus distincte velutina.

Folia subtus praeter foe costae velutina.....H. Dicksoni var. liukivensis.

Folia subtus ad costam et venas primarias glabra.. .£, Dicksoni var. japonica.
Folia apie adpresse pubescens vel subglabra

Folia subtus adpresse pubescentia................ E., Dicksoni var. typica.

Folia atte RUOMIADTR: «tenis ccayvcdeseceevn KE, Dicksont var. glabrescens.

Ehretia Dicksoni var. typica Nakai.

Folia late ovata vel obovata vel oblongo-obovata vel oblonga, apice
acuta vel obtusa, basi acuta vel rotundata vel subcordata, supra scabra,
infra molliter sparsim pubescentia. Inflorescentia sparsim pilosella.
Corollae lobi extus glabri vel piloselli.

Cuina. Kiangsu: Nanking, F. N. Meyer, no. 1415. Honan:
Yii Tai shan, J. Hers, no. 275; Cheng Chow, J. Hers, no. 69. Kiangsi:
prope Kuling, E. HW. Wilson, no. 1571. Hupeh: Outanscian, C. Silvestri,
no. 1925; Ichang, FE. H. Wilson, nos. 3554A et 84; San-scien, C. Silvestri, no.
1923. Szechuan: sine loco speciali, C. Bock & A. v. Rosthorn, no.

364.

Formosa: Takow, A. Henry, no. 313; South Cape, A. Henry, no. 323;
Bankingsing, A. Henry, sine numero; Tentana, E. H. Wilson, no. 10306.

Ehretia Dicksoni var. glabrescens Nakai,
sabida macrophylla Wilson in Sargent, PI. Wilson 1 III. "364 (1916), pro parte;
n Wallich.

Folia. abi praeter venas primarias sparsissime pilosellas glabra.
Rami inflorescentiae glabri; corolla extus glabra.

Cuina. Hupeh: Ichang, E. H. Wilson, nos. 3554, 3554B. Yunnan:
Mengtze, A. Henry, no. 10515.

Ehretia Dicksoni var. liukiuensis Nakai, var. nov.

Folia rotundato-obovata vel subrotundata supra scabra, subtus velu-
tina, costa basin versus glabra excepta. Inflorescentia pubescens; corolla
extus adpresse pilosa.

Livxkiu: sine loco speciali (a Yokohama — Co. commun.).

Ehretia Dicksoni var. japonica Nakai, va

oO
Ehretia macrophylla Matsumura Ind. PI. Jap 1. pt. 1. 524 (1912), pro parte,
planta Formosana excl.—Nakai, Trees, Shrubs Jap. 1. 329, f. 180 (1922).

1924] SARGENT, NOTES ON NORTH AMERICAN TREES, XII 41

Folia subrotundata vel late elliptica, supra distincte scabra, subtus
adpresse velutina, costis et venis primariis glabris. Inflorescentia sparsim
pilosa; corolla extus glabra.

Honpo. Awa province: in monte Kiyozumi, H. Sakurav.

Suixoku. Awa province, Kaifu, J. Nikav.

Ehretia Dicksoni var. tomentosa Nakai, var. nov.

Ehretia macrophylla var. tomentosa Gagnepain & Courchet in Lecomte, Fl.
Gén. Indo-Chine, 1v. 212 (1914).

Folia rotundato-ovata vel late oblonga vel subrotundata, apice acuta,
basi acuta vel rotundata vel subcordata, supra scabra, infra toto velutina.
Inflorescentia velutina; corolla extus lanato-pilosa.

Hina. Hainan, Ford, sine no.; Hoi how (comm. Hort. Bot. Hongkong,
no. 2188).

Ehretia corylifolia C. H. Wright (in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1896,
25) a specie praecedente perdistincta foliis basi vulgo cordatis ovato-
acuminatis utrinque tenuiter pubescentibus, serrulis parvis, floribus corym-
boso-scorpioidibus. In Yunnan vulgaris.

NOTES ON NORTH AMERICAN TREES, xa
C. S. SARGENT

Aesculus glabra var. monticola, n. var.

Differing from the type in its dwarf habit, small fruit and often 7 leaflets.

Leaves 5~7, usually 5-foliate, their petioles glabrous, 7-15 cm. in length;
leaflets oblong-obovate to elliptic, abruptly or gradually narrowed and
long-pointed at apex, cuneate at base, coarsely often doubly serrate with
acuminate teeth, glabrous with the exception of a few short hairs early
in the season on the upper side of the midrib and principal veins, 10-12
em. long and 4.5-5 cm. wide, their petiolules glabrous or sparingly pilose,
1-10 mm. in length. Flowers rather smaller but otherwise as in the type.
Fruit subglobose, 1.5-2 cm. in diameter, usually 1-seeded; seeds subglobose
or depressed and often nearly twice as broad as high, dark chestnut brown
and marked by an oval or nearly circular hilum 6-7 mm. long.

A shrub 1-2 m. tall.

Oxitanoma: La Flore County, northern slopes near the top of
Rich Mountain at an altitude of 500 m. near Page, E. J. Palmer, no.
20967 (type), April 27, 1922, no. 21634, June 1, 1922, (with shorter, broader
and more coarsely serrate leaflets, slightly seabrate above and more pubes-
cent on the upper side of the midrib and veins and furnished below with
small tufts of pale axillary hairs) and October 8, 1922, (fruit only).

From Aesculus glabra var. micrantha Sargent, the shrubby variety
from Fulton, Arkansas, the Oklahoma shrub differs in its more pubescent

1 Por part x1, see vol. Iv,

42 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. Vv

leaflets and much larger flowers. In the number of leaflets and in their
shape and serratum it is nearer to the var. Buckleyi Sarg. than to the type.

X Aesculus arnoldiana (A. glabra X A. hybrida), n. hyb.

Leaves 5-foliolate, their petioles deeply grooved onthe upper side, puberu-
lous toward the apex, 8-15 cm. in length; leaflets elliptic, long-pointed and
acuminate at apex, cuneate at base, finely, often doubly serrate, sparingly
floccose-pubescent early in the season becoming glabrous or nearly glabrous
above, pubescent along the under side of the midrib and of the from
fifteen to twenty pairs of primary veins furnished in their axils with con-
spicuous tufts of pale hairs, dull dark green on the upper surface, pale yel-
low-green on the lower surface, 9-14 cm. long and 4-5 cm. wide; petiolules
pubescent or puberulous, 5-10 mm. in length. Flowers mostly unisexual
by abortion of the ovary, yellow, opening the end of May, on slender
pubescent pedicels, in short broad densely flowered clusters, pubescent
like the short peduncle; calyx campanulate, slightly pubescent; petals
villose and glandular on the margin, those of the upper pair marked with
red; stamens nearly as long or slightly longer than the petals, sparingly,
villose. Fruit roughened by the scattered prickles and occasional by their
bases, subglobose, 2-3 cm. in diameter, 1-3-seeded; seeds light chestnut-
brown, up to 2 em. in diameter, hilum 5-6 mm. in diameter.

This tree which sprung up several years ago in the Aesculus Group of
the Arboretum in the immediate neighborhood of flowering plants of its
supposed parents is a tree from 6.5 to 7 m. high with a slender trunk
covered with pale scaly bark. In general appearance it might be taken for
a plant of A. glabra from which it differs in the shorter stamens, smaller
only slightly roughened fruit and in the presence of glands mixed with the
hairs on the margin of the petals showing the influence of one of the Eupa-
viae. None of the species of this group had flowered in the Arboretum
when the seed which produced this tree germinated and the glands on the
margin of the petals can only be accounted for by the influence of A.
hybrida D. C., a hybrid it is believed between A. Hippocastanum and A.
Pavia, one of the red-flowered Eupaviae.

Aesculus octandra var. vestita, n. var.

Differing from the type in the coating of pale tomentum or pubescence
on the lower surface of the leaflets and on the petioles and branchlets.
This form of the yellow flowered Buckeye which is widely distributed with
the species appears to be more abundant westward than on the southern
Appalachain Mountains where Aesculus octandra grows to its largest size
and is most abundant.

In the herbarium of this Arboretum are the following specimens of this
variety:

Nortu Carouina. Roan Mt., Gray, Sargent, Redfield and Canby, June
19, 1879; Buncombe County, Craggy Mt., T. G. Harbison, Sept. 7,
1906.

1924] SARGENT, NOTES ON NORTH AMERICAN TREES, XII 43

West Vircinia. Mercer County, near Princeton, T. G. Harbison,
September 7, 1906; Munroe County, Sweet Springs, C. S. Sargent,
August 13, 1910; Greenbriar County, White Sulphur Springs, J. S.
Ames, May 17, 1919.

Kentucky. Greenup County, Russell, no. 1566, October 2, 1922,
May 2, 1923; Breathitt County, Portsmouth, no. 828, May 8, 1919;
South Portsmouth, no. 828, May 8, 1919; Pike County, Pikeville, no.
947 (type), May 17, 1919, no. 1251, October 2, 1920; Boyd County, Ash-
land, no. 834, May 9, 1919, September 31, 1920; Lee County, Beatyville,
no. 1145, May 20, 1920; Letchen County, Jenkins, 1315, September 24,
1921; all by R. E. Horsey.

Onto. Scioto County, Portsmouth, R. E. Horsey, no.460, September
21, 1915 and May 21, 1916.

Inpiana. Crawford County, near Leavenworth, C. C. Deam, no.
18613, September 4, 1915; Dearborn, near Aurora, C.C. Deam, no. 16052,
June 17, 1915.

Among cultivated plants the Aesculus neglecta Baenitz (Herb. Dendr.
without number “Breslau: Goepperthain, 1903’’), not Lindley, and Hort.
Goettingen, A. Rehder, no. 1571, belong to this variety.

It has been cultivated in the Arboretum since 1898 when a plant was
received from the Meehan Nursery at Germantown, Penn. (no. 8121); in
1900 a plant was received from the Spaeth Nursery at Berlin, Germany
(no. 8123); and in 1907 the seeds collected on Craggy Mountain, North
Carolina, by T. G. Harbison, produced a number of plants (no. 13276).

The covering of the lower surface of the leaflets of the tree from Pike-
ville, Kentucky, (Horsey no. 947), is distinctly tomentose, and similar
tomentum occurs on several of the other specimens in this herbarium.
On other specimens the lower surface of the leaflets is pubescent, sometimes
only slightly so, showing the transition to the normal form of Aesculus
octandra in which the lower surface of the leaflets is glabrous or occasionally
slightly pubescent early in the season with deciduous hairs except along
the under side of the midrib and principal veins. The amount of the pubes-
cence on the petioles and branchlets also varies in different individuals.

Aesculus neglecta Lindley in Bot. Reg. xu. t. 1009 (1826).—Spach in
Ann. Sci. Nat. sér. 2, 11. 55 (1834).

Lindley’s description of this species was made from a tree growing in
the garden of the London Horticultural Society at Chiswick, which had
been purchased from a Monsieur Catros of Bordeaux under the name
Aesculus ohioensis. Spach took up Lindley’s name and spoke of the tree
as common in cultivation in 1834. Koehne in 1893 (Deutsche Dendr.
386) suggested that it was a hybrid of A. discolor and A. octandra, but the
margins of the petals in Lindley’s excellent plate show no trace of the
glands among the hairs which indicate hybrid origin in Aesculus. The
petals are pale yellow marked by small red blotches.

44 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [VoL. v

I have never seen a wild Buckeye with flowers which resemble those
figured by Lindley, but Colonel Henry A. du Pont of Winterthur, Delaware,
has recently called my attention to two trees planted by his grandfather
the leaves and flowers of which cannot be distinguished from those repre-
sented by Lindley’s plate.

Eleuthére Irénée du Pont de Nemours, the founder of the Dupont
Family in America, came from France in 1800 to America where he lived
first at Hackensack, New Jersey, but in July 1802 moved to Delaware
where he established his powder works and built a substantial stone man-
sion on the banks of the Brandywine in Christiana Hundred, about four
miles from Wilmington at the place which has now for one hundred and
twenty-one years been known as Eleutherean Mills.

A family tradition, preserved by the now oldest Du Pont who asa boy
gathered nuts from the trees, records the fact that Mr. Antoine Bidermann
who had married Du Pont’s second daughter Evelina and had become
associated with him in the powder business had gone to New Orleans
some time after 1820 to inspect there the agency of the powder mills and had
returned home on horseback through Mississippi, Alabama and Georgia,
and that during this journey he had picked up the nuts from which the
Eleutherean Mills trees had grown.

The soil on the steep slope in the rear of the Du Pont mansion is deep
and rich, as is shown by the size and vigor of the native Oak-trees which
are growing in it, and the two large Buckeyes on this slope, the trees which
in the color of their flowers so closely resemble the flowers of Lindley’s
plate, are 32 and 28 metres high with a trunk girth at 3 feet from the
ground of 2.35 and of 2.10 metres. The larger of these two trees
is the tallest and largest Buckeye of any variety of which authentic
measurements have been made.

The conclusion which an examination of these Eleutherean Mills
Buckeyes has forced on me is that there are no real characters by which
the plant I have named Aesculus georgiana can be distinguished from the
Aesculus neglecta of Lindley which, if this view is accepted, becomes the
type of the species of the Octandrae which in various forms is widely
distributed in the Piedmont region of North and South Carolina and north-
ern Georgia, occasionally ascending the Blue Ridge in North Carolina to
altitudes of 3000 feet, and is common in central Georgia, ranging east into
Richmond County and south into northern and central Alabama, and to
an isolated station near Pensacola in Florida.

It varies from a tree 17 or 20 metres tall to a shrub which flowers and
produces abundant fruit when not more than 1 metre high. The leaflets
of the type and of one variety are glabrous on the lower surface, but in
one form they are pubescent, and on another densely tomentose. The
flowers of A. neglecta are borne in elongated slender clusters, but in the
plants now considered its varieties the flower-clusters are often short and
crowded and the petals are yellow, more or less marked with red or
entirely red.

1924] SARGENT, NOTES ON NORTH AMERICAN TREES, XII 45

I have not seen specimens of wild trees which exactly resemble the type
of A. neglecta as represented in Lindley’s plate and by the two large trees at
Eleutherean Mills, but three specimens presented to the Arboretum herba-
rium by Mr. W. W. Ashe resemble the type in their narrow elongated flower
clusters and in the size and shape of the yellow flowers which, however,
are without the red markings of those of the type; these specimens can
perhaps be referred to A. neglecta rather than to any of its varieties. Mr.
Ashe’s specimens are labeled “Aesculus sp. nov. Alamance County, N. 2
near Saxapahaw, about June 1, 1900, W. W. Ashe;” “A. sp. nov. near
Williamsville, Dunham County, N. C., May 13, 1904, and Aesculus sp.
noy., Chapel Hill, N. C., April 20, 1915, sent me by Dr. Coker at my
request from tree on the Hillsboro road, W. W. Ashe.”

The more distinct forms of Aesculus neglecta may be arranged as follows:

Aesculus neglecta Lindley. Leaflets glabrous on the lower surface;
flowers in elongated rather open clusters; petals pale yellow or nearly white,
marked by small red blotches.

Aesculus neglecta var. georgiana, n. var.
d Shrubs, 1. 359, t. 197 (1913); Man.
22),

Aesculus georgiana Sargent in Trees an
rees N. Am. ed. 2, 706, f. 635 (19

Differing from the type in the shorter, broader and more densely flowered
corymbs; in the typical form calyx red on the upper side and pale yellow
on the lower side; petals bright yellow, passing into forms with entirely
red or yellow flowers.

Usually a low broad shrub, occasionally a tree from 14 to 20 metres in
height.

The type station for this variety is in De Kalb County, Georgia, near
the base of Stone Mountain; it ranges northward in Georgia to the northern
border of the state and is very abundant in Banks, Rabun and Habersham
Counties; it occurs in Seneca and Oconee Counties, South Carolina, T. G.
Harbison, no. 1, May 15, 1915, and nos. 7 and 9, April 9, 1918, and ranges
northward in the Piedmont region to Durham County, North Carolina,
T. G. Harbison, no. 6, April 22, 1918. It is the form which has been found
in Alabama by C. Mohr, Madison Co., Mt. Sano, September 26, 1881,
“large tree 80-85 feet high;”’ Tuscaloosa County, Tuscaloosa, rocky
banks of the Warrior River, and in Eltowah County, Attalla, by jee
Harbison, nos. 198, 209, October 8, 1910, “low shrub.” It is this form
with yellow flowers which occurs in western Florida near Pensacola growing
as a small shrub, T. G. Harbison, April 11, 1915, March 21, 1916.

Aesculus neglecta var. pubescens, nov. comb.

A. georgiana var. pubescens Sargent in Trees and Shrubs, 1. 259 (1913);
Man. Trees N. Am. ed. 2, 1 F

Differing from the type and from the var. georgiana in the pubescence
covering the lower surface of the leaflets.

The type of this variety was raised at the Arboretum in 1905 from seeds
collected by T. G. Harbison in De Kalb County, Georgia, near the base of
Stone Mountain.

46 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

The following specimens in the Arboretum herbarium collected by T.
G. Harbison are referred to this variety:

Nortn Carona. Wake County, Raleigh, no. 7, April 21, 1918;
Orange County, May 31, 1919; Macon County, Highlands, June 5,
1916.

SoutH CAROLINA. Oconee County, Seneca, nos. 11, 6084, 6087,
April 9, 1918, and April 29, 1922.

Groreta. Rabun County, no. 28, May 11, 1919, Clayton, May
10, 1914; Richmond County, near Augusta, C. S. Sargent, March
10, 1908, April 7 and 28, 1914; 7. G. Harbison, no. 6081, April 28, 1912,
nos. 1534, 1535, 1538, 1540, May 5, 1914, no. 6, October 5, 1914; De
Kalb County, near Stone Mountain, 7. G. Harbison, no. 661, Sep-
tember 7, 1911, nos. 905, 966, 907, April 30, 1912.

AuaBAMA. Etowah County, Attalla, no. 200, October 8, 1910.

Aesculus neglecta var. tomentosa, n. var.

Differing from the type and from its vars. georgiana and pubescens in
the thick coat of tomentum on the lower surface of the leaflets.

Soutuw Carouina. Oconee County, TJ. G. Harbison, nos. 6088,
6090, 6091, 6092, 6093, 6094, 6095, 6096, 6098, 6101, 6102, 6106, 6107,
6108, April 30, 1922.

This variety is an old inhabitant of European gardens where it has been
cultivated as Aesculus Michauxii Hort., not Spach, A. Lyonti Hort., not
Loudon, A. discolor Hort., not Pursh, A. humilis Hort., not Lindley, Pavia
discolor in Herb. Kew Arb. 1010, not Pursh, Pavia rubra in Herb. Kew
Arb. 3158, A. rubra carnea superba, Hort. Ellwanger & Barry, A. rubra
carnea pubescens, Hort. Ellwanger & Barry.

Aesculus neglecta var. lanceolata, n. comb.
Aesculus georgiana var. lanceolata Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. 11. 120 (1920);
Man. Trees N. Am. ed. 2, 707, f. 636 (1921).

Differing from the type in the lanceolate to slightly oblanceolate long
pointed leaflets.

A single tree from 25 to 30 feet in height, with bright red flowers. Rich
woods, near Clayton, Rabun Co., Georgia, T. G. Harbison, no. 19, May
9, 1917.

Xx Aesculus Du Pontii (Aesculus neglecta X Pavia), new hyb.

Leaves 5-foliolate, their petioles slender, glabrous, 8-14 em. in length;
leaflets oblong-obovate to elliptic, abruptly long-pointed at apex, gradually
narrowed to the cuneate base, acutely serrate, glabrous with the exception
of tufts of pale hairs in the axils of the 18-25 pairs of slender veins, dark
green on the upper surface, pale yellow-green on the lower surface, 15-19
em. long and 5-8 cm. wide, with a thin yellow midrib; petiolules slender,
glabrous, 5-10 mm. in length. Flowers appearing the middle of May up
to 2 cm. in length, on slightly villose pedicels in narrow pubescent clusters
10-12 cm. in length; calyx narrow campanulate, red, eglandular, glabrous

1924] SARGENT, NOTES ON NORTH AMERICAN TREES, XII 47

or slightly villose at the base, petals yellow or yellow slightly tinged with
red, their margins glandular and villose.

A tree 29.15 metres in height, with a trunk 2.25 metres in girth at
one metre above the ground, covered with scaly bark, stout yellow branch-
lets and pale brown winter buds 2 cm. long.

This tree was planted by the fence near the right hand side (facing the
house) of the entrance to Eleutherean Mills after 1820 by Eleuthére
Irénée du Pont de Nemours and probably sprang from one of the seeds
collected by Antoine Bidermann during his journey on horseback from
New Orleans. This Buckeye, which is one of the most interesting of the
trees which have been planted in the United States, may well preserve
among tree lovers the name of a family which in at least four generations
has made the neighborhood of Wilmington, Delaware, one of the chief
centres of horticulture in the United States.

Xx Aesculus DuPontii var. Hessei (A. neglecta georgiana X Pavia), n.

r.

Leaves 5-foliolate, their petioles stout, puberulous early in the season,
7-15 cm. in length; leaflets elliptic to slightly obovate, gradually narrowed
and long-pointed at apex, cuneate at base, usually doubly serrate with
slender slightly incurved teeth, glabrous, dark green above, lighter and
yellow-green below, 10-13 cm. long and 4-5 cm. wide, with a prominent
yellow midrib and from 20-25 pairs of slender primary veins often furnished
with small tufts of axillary hairs; petiolules puberulous, 3-9 mm. long.
Flowers appearing late in May, up to 3 cm. in length, red or yellow tinged
with red, on short villose pedicels in compact densely crowded villose
clusters 12 or 13 em. long; calyx narrow-campanulate, slightly villose
toward the apex, usually red, the petals yellow more or less tinged with
red, villose and glandular on the margin.

This shrub was presented to this Arboretum in 1909 by the Hesse Nur-
sery at Weener, Germany, with two other hybrid Buckeyes, under the
name of Aesculus (Pavia) nana rosea “de semis.”” The presence of both
hairs and glands on the margin of the petals indicates its hybrid origin.
The leaves cannot be distinguished from those of Aesculus Pavia, while
the inflorescence and the flowers only differ from those of A. neglecta
georgiana in the rather narrower calyx and in the glands on the margin of
the petals.

s% Aesculus mutabilis Schelle in Beissner, Schelle & Zabel, Handb.

Laubholz.-Ben. 323 (1903) = A. discolor mollis X neglecta georgiana.
Pavia mutabilis Spach in Ann. Sci. Nat. sér. 2, 1. 57 (1834).
Aesculus discolor X lutea Koehne, Deutsch. Dendr. 386 (1893).
Aesculus Pavia mutabilis Hort. Spaeth.

This tree was well described by Spach, although the pubescence along
the sides of the under surface of the midrib and in a lesser degree of the
veins of the leaflets of the Arboretum plants presented by the Spaeth
Nursery at Berlin, Germany, are not tomentosae on the veins as Spach de-

48 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

scribed it but villose. He failed, however, to notice the glands scattered
among the hairs on the margin of the petals which indicate that it is a
hybrid between a species of the Eupaviae and one of the Octandrae.

Xx Aesculus mutabilis var. penduliflora (A. discolor mollis < neglecta),

. hyb.

Leaves 5-foliolate, their petioles glabrous, 10-16 cm. long; leaflets
oblong-lanceolate, acuminate and long-pointed at apex, gradually narrowed
and cuneate at base, finely serrate with gland-tipped teeth, dark green and
glabrous except on the midrib and veins above, pale and soft pubescent
below, 12-16 cm. long, 4-5 cm. wide, with 22 or 24 pairs of primary veins;
petiolules pubescent, 7-10 mm. in length. Flowers opening early in June,
on slender glandular pedicels 5-10 mm. long, in narrow slightly pendent
sparsely flowered densely pubescent clusters 14-16 cm. in length; calyx
tubular, reddish covered with red glands, 5-6 mm. in diameter; corolla
yellow, glandular, the margin of the petals covered with hairs mixed with
glands. Fruit nearly globose, smooth with a thin pericarp; seed sub-
globose, dark chestnut brown and lustrous, 2-2.5 em. in diameter, the
hilum oblong or oval, 8-10 mm. in length.

As it grows in this Arboretum this is a narrow slender tree now about
8 metres in height, with a trunk 25 cm. in diameter covered with thin dark
brown scaly bark; it was presented to the Arboretum in 1902 by the Spaeth
Nursery near Berlin, Germany, under the name of Aesculus humilis X lutea.

The shape of the leaflets and the elongated flower clusters point to the
typical form of A. neglecta, while the pubescence on the lower surface of the
leaflets and the color of the flowers suggest that A. discolor mollis may
have been the other parent. The long narrow leaflets and the elongated
and pendent clusters of brilliant flowers make this one of the most distinct
and beautiful of the hybrid Buckeyes.

x Aesculus mutabilis var. induta (A. discolor mollis X neglecta), n.
b

yb.

Differing from the type in the pale tomentum covering through the
season the lower surface of the leaflets.

This variety is based on two of the three plants presented in 1909 to the
Arboretum by the Hesse Nursery in Weener, Germany, as Aesculus (Pavia)
rosea nana “de semis.”” It is probably the Aesculus neglecta Baenitz
(Herb. Dendr. without number “Breslau: Siidpark, 1905’’), not Lindley.
It was cultivated in 1904 in this Arboretum under the name of A. octandra
hybrida (No. 1636-2) now dead.

CORRECTION

In the second edition of the Manual of the Trees of North America,
806 (December 1921), the Marlberry, a small tree of extreme southern
Florida, was transferred from the genus Icacorea to Ardisia and called
A. paniculata Nuttall. Nuttall, however, never made such a combination,

1924] REHDER, NEW SPECIES, VARIETIES AND COMBINATIONS 49

which must be credited to Sargent. The name, moreover, is not a valid
one, having been used for another plant in 1814 by Roxburgh. The
correct name for the Florida tree appears to be Ardisia escallonioides
Chamisso & Schlechtendal in Linnaea, vr. 393 (1831). (See C. Mez, Myrsi-
naceae in Engler, Pflanzenr. 1v.-236, 81 [1902]).

NEW SPECIES, VARIETIES AND COMBINATIONS FROM THE
HERBARIUM AND THE COLLECTIONS OF THE ARNOLD
ARBORETUM’

ALFRED REHDER
Xolisma Raf.

Xolisma Rafinesque in Am. Month. Mag. rv. 193 (1819).—Britton in
Mem. Torrey Bot. Club, rv. 135 (1894).—Britton & Brown, Ill. Fl. U.S.
Can. 11. 569 (1897).—Small, Fl. S. E. U. S. 889 (1903); in N. Am. Fi.
XXIx. 65 pone ye

Andromeda Linnaeus, geet 393 (1753), in part

Lani Nuttall, Gen. 1. 266 (1818 )-—Sprengel, Syst. um. 291 (1825).—End-
licher, Gen. 755 (1836-4 0).—De Candolle, Prodr. vi. pt. 1. 599 (1839).—
B entham & Ho ae a 11. 587 (1876) Drude in Engler & rhage ie
Pflanzenfam. Iv. 89).—Fernald & Robinson in ey s New
7, 635 (1908). Foot ge (1808), nor Elliott (1817).

In 1819 Rafinesque proposed the name Xolisma for Lyonia of Nuttall
for the reason that the name Lyonia had been given by him in 1808 (in
Med. Rep. N. Y. v. 353) to another genus, but that name was only a new
name to replace Polygonella Michaux, which Rafinesque considered in-
appropriate; therefore it is not a valid name and will remain a synonym
of Polygonella. There is, however, another Lyonia proposed in 1817
by Elliott (Sketch Bot. S. C. I. 316 [1817] ) which antedates Lyonia of
Nuttall and is a valid name for a new genus based on Ceropegia palustris
Pursh (Cynanchum angustifolium Muhlb.); later the same genus was named
Seutera by Reichenbach (Consp. 131 [1828] ) and this name is taken up
by Small, as according to the Philadelphia Code Lyonia Elliott is invali-
dated by the older homonym Lyonia Rafinesque of 1808, but according
to the International Rules the latter name is not valid and therefore Lyonia
Elliott remains the oldest and valid name for the genus of Asclepiadaceae,
which makes it necessary to take up for Lyonia Nuttall the next oldest
name which is Xolisma. The type species of this genus is Lyonia fer-
ruginea Nuttall in which the character of the thickened sutures of the
valves is most pronounced and the thickened part separates from the rest
of the capsule, while in other species as in X. ligustrina, X. mariana,
X. lucida and X. ovalifolia the thickened part, though clearly perceptible by
its light color is apt to separate more irregularly from the rest of the valves
and does not hold together so firmly like a separate valve as it does in X.

1 Continued from vol. Iv. p. 253.

50 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

ferruginea and its nearest relations. Xolisma mariana, X. lucida and X.
ovalifolia have been referred by Bentham and Hooker and other authors
to the genus Pieris, but they differ from that genus not only in the thickened
sutures of the capsule, but also in the awnless anthers; apparently these
authors did not consider the structure of the capsule and did not distinguish
between appendaged or awned anthers and the appendaged filaments of
these species; they considered the appendages of the filaments as equal
in taxonomic importance to the awns of the anthers, but the former consti-
tute a less constant character and the appendages may become more or
less indistinct or obsolete and are entirely absent in some species of
Xolisma as in X. villosa, while the awned anthers constitute a constant
and important character.

Xolisma oe Britt. var. pubescens Millspaugh, Liv. Fl. W. Vir-
ginia, 324 (19
yi Sela fe ane var. 2. foliosiflora A. floribus subtomentosis Michaux,
m.-Bor 1. 255 (1803),

Andromeda tomentosa erg - Courset, Bot. Cult. ed. 2, m1. 495 (1811).

Andromeda frondosa Pursh, pig ts 295 (1814).

Lyonia frondosa Nuttall, Gen, [ 267 (1

Andromeda ligustrina var. pubescens A. Gray, Syn. Fl. Hee - pt. 1.33 (1878),
Andromeda paniculata var. tomentosa Dippel, |. c.,

Lyonia eee var. Wa gp Bean, br Shrubs Brit Isles, 11. 64 (1914).—

€ n Bailey, Stand. Cycl. Hort. 1v. 1935 (1915).

Pr earerrnrn frondosus Seal Benihe Tie 97 (1913); in N. Am. Fl. xxrx. 72
(1914), in part.

This variety is nearest to X. ligustrina foliosiflora C. Mohr, which in its
typical form has nearly glabrous leaves lustrous above and usually a more
leafy inflorescence with a nearly glabrous corolla (Andromeda paniculata
var. 2, foliosiflora A. floribus:glabellis Michaux, F]. Am.-Bor. 1. 255 [1803] ),
while the variety has the leaves grayish above from a dense covering of
short appressed hairs, becoming glabrescent at maturity, loosely or
sparingly villose on the surface beneath and densely villose on the midrib
and on the prominent veins; the inflorescence is usually less leafy and the
corolla densely hairy with short stiff hairs except at the base. The speci-
men in this herbarium which shows these characters most markedly is
from a cultivated plant collected by H. Zabel in the Botanic Garden
at Muenden, Germany; this plant had been received in 1871 from the
Booth Nursery at Flottbeck, Germany, under the name Andromeda
tomentosa and is no doubt the plant described by Dumont de Courset
under that name; by Kirchner (in Petzold & Kirchner, Arb. Musc. 468
[1864] ) it was erroneously referred to Xerobotrys tomentosa Nuttall (=
Arctostaphylos tomentosa Lindl. )

Xolisma lucida, comb.

Andromeda lucida, La a Encycl. Méth. 1. 157 (1788).
Andromeda nitida aes apud Marshall, Arb. Am. 8 (1785).—Gray, Syn.
Fl. N. Am. 1 1. 32 (1878).

Andromeda pk aay Aiton, Hort. Kew. m1. 70 (1789).—Sims in Bot. Mag.
xxvii. t. 1095 (1808).

1924] REHDER, NEW SPECIES, VARIETIES AND COMBINATIONS 51

shee oe mariana Jacquin, Icon. Pl. Rar. m1. t. 465 (1790), excl. synon.;
not naeus.

Pe neers es myrtifolia Salisbury, Prodr. 290 (1796).

Andromeda marginata Veillard in Nou v. Duham. 1. 188, t. 40 (1802).

Lyonia marginata D. Don in Edinb. ne Philos. dour Ppir 159 (1834).

Leucothoe coriacea De Candolle, Prodr. vi. pt. a 2 (1839), excl. synon.

Leucothoe marginata Spach, Hist. Vég. rx. 482 (18 40),

Andromeda lacustris C. Wright i in Sauvage, Anal. Acad. Ci. Habana, vi. 250

(1870).
Lyonia lucida K. Koch, Dendr. 11. 118 (1872).—Blake in Rhodora, xv. 132
Pieris nitida Bentham & Hooker Pree Fl, 1. 588 (1876).—Britton in Britton

own, Ill. FI. 1. 569, fig. 2769
Andromata obovata Rafinesque ex a Syn. Fl. N. Am. u. pt. 1. (1878),

on.
neo ie Fernald in Rhodora, x. 53 (1908).—Robinson & Fernald, Gray’s
N. Man. 635

8).
Neopieris nitida Britton in Britton & Brown, Ill. Fl. ed. 2, 1. 690 (1913).
se ola nitidus Small, Shrubs Fla. 96 (1913); i in N. Am. Fl. xxrx. 64

Pieris elias Ce al in Mitteil. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. xxiv. 226 (1915), not
Léveillé (1906).

This species which is native to the coastal plain from Virginia to Florida
and Louisiana and is also found in Cuba has been made by Small the type
of the new genus Desmothamnus chiefly distinguished from typical
Xolisma by the appendaged filaments and the pair of intra-m arginal veins
of its leaves, but the absence or presence of teeth or appendages near the
apex of the filament does not seem to be a strong morphological character,
and in some species these appendages though present become obsolete;
it therefore does not seem wise to use this character for generic distinction.

Xolisma mariana, comb.
Andromeda mariana te ‘Spee. 393 (1753).—Gray, Man. 266 (1848);
Syn. Fl. N. Am. 11. pt. 1, 3
Py eee pulchella Salisbury, Prodr. 289 (1796).
Andromeda mariana a. ovalis Sims in Bot. Mag. xxxvu. t. 1579 (1813).
! 1 79 (181

son & Fernald, Gray ’s N. Man. 635 (190 08).
Leucothoe mariana De rea ee vil. pt. pon 602 (18
Pieris mariana Bentham & Hooker, Gen. as me 8 (1876). ao in Brit-
ton & Brow ome iil Fl. 1. 569, fe. 97 70 (18 a.
Neopveris ete Britton in Britton & Brown, Ill. Fl. ed. 2, 11. 691 (1913). —
Small in N. Am. Fl. xxrx. 65 (1914
This species which is distributed from Rhode Island to Florida, Tennes-
see, Arkansas and eastern Texas has been made by Britton the type of
the new genus Neopieris distinguished chiefly by the appendaged stamens
a character which seems to be, as I have remarked under the preceding
species, not of sufficient importance for generic distinction.

Xolisma mariana f. vestita, forma nov.

Recedit a typo ramulis annotinis, sepalis, foliis subtus satis dense villosis
foliis supra sparsius sed ad costam et venas densius breviter villosis, pedi-
cellis sparsius villosis.

52 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

Texas: Sandy Pine lands, Silsbee, Hardin County, E. J. Palmer, no.
9561, April 25, 1916 (type); Angelina County, J. Reverchon, no. 3863, May
5, 1903 (distributed as Vaccinium corymbosum).

This form is easily distinguished from the type by the soft pubescence
of all its parts except the corolla; the leaves of the type specimen are gen-
erally elliptic-oblong and from 4 to 6.5 cm. long and 1.3 to 3 em. wide.
The branchlets, calyx and leaves of the typical form are glabrous or some-
times the midrib and veins on the under side of the leaves are slightly
or rarely rather densely villous and the calyx is sometimes sparingly hairy,
but none of the numerous specimens seen from the whole range of the
species approach this new form in its densely villose pubescence. I have
seen no other material of X. mariana from Texas and I find no record of
its range extending as far west; the most western specimens seen are from
Jefferson and Pulaski Counties in southeastern and central Arkansas (E.
J. Palmer, nos. 8481 and 22999).

Xolisma ovalifolia, comb. n

Andromeda ovalifolia Wallich i in As. Research, xu. 391, fig. (1820); Cat.
No. 76 eg —D. Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 148 (1825). —Ww ight, Icon. Iv. t.
1199

Pieris ovalifolia D . Don in pore Phil. Jour. xv. 159 (1834).—De eae
Bs vil. pt. um. 599 (1839).—Clarke in Hooker, Fl. Brit. ae 460

).—Rehder & Wilson in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 552 (1913).

Lani ovalifolia Drude in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. Iv. abt. 1. 44

Pieris pilosa Komatsu in Matsumura, Icon. Pl. Koisikav. 1. 73, t. 182 (1916).

This species differs from the pr eceding i in its lateral and occasionally
terminal elongated racemes usually with a few leafy bracts near the base.
In its typical form it inhabits the Himalayas from Kashmir to Bhutan
and extends to Assam, Khasia and British Burma and to southwestern
China, and Formosa.

Xolisma ovalifolia var. lanceolata, comb.

a lanceolata Wallich in As. rece ee x11. 390, fig. (1820).—Wight,
Ico . t. 1198 (1850).

Pay tae squamulosa D. Don , Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 149 (1825).

ad Flea D. Don in Edinb, Phil. Jour. xvir. 159 og a Candolle,

vil. pt. 1. 599 (1839 9).—Hanee i in Jour. Bot. xvi. 12 (1878).
Pieris. Bae var. lanceolata ~_ ke in Hooker f., Fl. Brit. iad. m1. 461
(1882).—Hemsley in Jour. Lin Se XxvI. 17 (1 889). —Rehder & Wilson
Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 552 “(19

Pieris formosana Komatsu in ee Icon. Pl. Koisikav. m1. 71, t. 181.

(1916).

This variety differs chiefly in the narrower leaves, usually broadly
cuneate at base or sometimes rounded and in the longer and narrower
greenish sepals. It seems to have about the same range as the type.

Xolisma ovalifolia var. elliptica, comb.
Andromeda elliptica Siebold & Zucearini in ain Akad. Munch. rv. pt
126 (Fl. Jap. Fam. Nat. 1. 2) Sica —Schneider, Ill. Handb. eS
I. 532, fig. 346 p-r, 347 e-g (19
Andromeda ovalifolia aie in es nn. Mus . Lugd.-Bat. 1. 30 (1863). —
Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. anaes gills 50 (1872); in Mél. Biol.
vil. 620 (1872).—Non Wallich.

1924] REHDER, NEW SPECIES, VARIETIES AND COMBINATIONS 53

Pieris ovalifolia Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxv. 17 (1889), in call er
in Bot. Ja oe xxix. 515 (1900).—Shirasawa, Icon. Ess. For. Jap.

910
gis onto Paria in Nuov. Giorn. Bot. Ital. n. ser. xvi1. 683 (1910);
non Dru
Pieris ovalifolia var. elliptica Rehder & Wilson in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 552
ey eliptica Nakai in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xxxu. 207 (1919); Trees Shrubs
Jap. 1. 149, fig. 87 (1922).

This nee differs chiefly in its thinner leaves and smaller fruits (3-4
mm. in diameter) from the type which has coriaceous leaves and larger
fruits 4-5 mm. in diameter; none of the other characters given by Siebold
& Zuccarini to distinguish the Japanese plant from that of the Hima-
layas holds. This variety is widely distributed through China except in
the northern provinces and is also common in central and southern Japan.

Xolisma villosa, comb. n

Andromeda villosa Wall. Cat. No. 762 (1828), nomen ears
Pieris villosa Hooker f. apud Clarke in Hooker f., Fl. Brit. Ind. 461
(1882).—Dunn in Jour. Linn. i XxxiIx. 476 (1911). eee & Wilson i in
Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 553 (1913).
? Pieris Henry soiaang: Be (1906 Bo. Bot. France ti. 204 (1906); in Fedde,
ep ov.

This cee is ae aie in general appearance and in most of its
characters to the preceding species but is easily distinguished by the
pubescence on the under side of the leaves, by the shorter inflorescence,
by the lanceolate longer calyx-lobes divided nearly to the base and by the
absence of the appendages of the filaments. It occurs at altitudes of from
3000-4000 m. on the Himalayas from Ghurwal to Sikkim and also in
western China as far north as western Szechuan. Judging from the des-
cription I have little doubt that Léveillé’s Pieris Henryi belongs here.

Xolisma villosa var. pubescens, comb. n
Pieris ovaltfolia var. pubescens Franchet in No ouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, sér. 2,
x. 44 (Pl. David. 1m. 82) (1887).
Pieris villosa var. pubescens Rehder & Wilson in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 554
(1913).

This variety differs from the type in its pubescent ovary and is known
only from western Szechuan.

Xolisma compta, comb.
Pieris compta W. W. Smith & J. F. Jeffrey in Not. Bot. Gard. Edinb. rx. 116
1916).

Of this species I have not seen the type but a specimen collected in the
Yunnan Fu district by O. Schoch (No. 145) and determined as P. compta
by Schneider agrees well with the original description except that the
calyx-lobes are ovate and obtuse rather than ovate-lanceolate and acutish
and the ovary is ovoid and not depressed globose; the longest leaves of
Schoch’s specimen are up to 3.5 cm. long and the minute dots of the under
side are not black. The general appearance of the plant suggests a species
belonging in the affinity of X. ovalifolia and an examination of the stamens
confirms this opinion; the anthers are without awns or appendages, not

54 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

biaristate as described by the authors, but the filaments have near the apex
back of the anther-cells a pair of appendages in shape and size like those
of P. ovalifolia. Of Pieris bracteata W. W. Smith I have seen no specimens
but from the statement “filamentis . . . apice biaristatis” I infer
that it also belongs to Xolisma. Piers Forrestit Craib is a true Pieris
and so is P. polita W. W. Smith & J. F. Jeffrey to which I refer one of
Dunn’s specimens collected in Fokien (Hongkong Herb. No. 2894). Of the
numerous species of Pieris proposed by Léveillé I have seen no material
and his descriptions are too incomplete to be guided by them. But I
may say that P. Bodiniert appears to be a true Pieris judging from his
drawing (in his Cat. Pl. Seutchouen, t. 24 [1918] ) and that his P. Henryi
probably belongs to Xolisma villosa; some of his species may not belong
to the Andromedeae at all, but to Vaccinium as his P. coreana and P.
Fauriei which according to Dr. Nakai who has seen the type specimens
are both Vaccinium bracteatum, or they belong to other Ericaceous genera.

The species of Xolisma may be divided into several well marked groups
as follows:

Xolisma Raf.

Sect. I. Lyonta, comb. nov.
da ads Walter, Fl. Car. 137 (1788), as to A. ferrugin
Lyonia Nuttall, Gen. 1. 266 (1818), in part; not Ae (1808) nor Elliott

Xolisma ‘Rafinesque in Am. Month. Mag, Iv. 193 (1819).

Lyonra sect. 1. Bentham & can Gen. - - 588 (1876).

Andromeda sect. 5. eer a Gray, Syn. Flt 1. 82 (1878).

Lyonia Subgen. 3. Bulyonia K- Koc h, Dende. 1. pt. 1. 119 (1872), in part.—
rude in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. iv. abt. 1. 44 (1889).

This section, the type of which is Lyonia ferruginea Nuttall = X. fer-
ruginea A. Heller, is characterized by the flowers being borne in dense
axillary panicles, by the unappendaged filaments and the lepidote indu-
mentum; the leaves are persistent and often toothed or undulate; the
capsule is usually ovoid, prominently angled and the thickened part of
the sutures separates as a whole from the rest of the capsule. Its many
species (24 being enumerated by Small in N. Am. Fl. xxix. 65-72), are
mostly natives of the West Indies; two occurring in the southeastern United
States and a few in Mexico.

Sect. II. ArsENococcus, sect. nov

Vaccinium Linnaeus, Spec. 351 (1753), as to V. ligustrinum.
Andromeda Lama rek, Encyel. Méth. 1. 158 (1883), as ea se racemosa.
Lyonta Nuttall, a 1. 266 (1818). in part, excel. species t

- ices sect. Lyonia Gray, Man. 265 (1848); Syn. Fl ty of 1. 82 (1878),
aren Suibgen. Fulyonia K. Koch, Dendr. 11. ae . i (1872), in part.
Lyonia sect. 2. Bentham & Hooker, Gen. Pl.

Arsenococcus Small in Small & om er, Fi. feed Co. 218 (1913).

This section, the type of which is Vaccinium ligustrinum L.=X. ligustrina
Rehd., is characterized chiefly by its flowers being borne in terminal pani-
cles, by the unappendaged filaments, the absence of the lepidote indu-
mentum, by the depressed-globose capsule not prominently angled and

1924] REHDER, NEW SPECIES, VARIETIES AND COMBINATIONS 55

with less thickened sutures; the leaves are deciduous and glabrous or
pubescent. This section contains only one variable species native to the
eastern States of North America distributed from Maine to Florida and
Louisiana. The sectional names Lyonia and Eulyonia cannot be used,
as these sections do not contain the type of Lyonia which is L. ferruginea
G. Don and belongs to the preceding section.
Sect. III. Marta, comb. nov.
Andromeda ee sus, Spec. 393 (1753), in par oe
Lyonia D. Don n Edinb. N. Phil. Jour. xvi. 159 (1834), in part.
Leucothoe sect. - Maria De Candolle, Prodr. a 602 (1839).
Andromeda § Maria oe Man.
Andromeda § Pieris Gray, Man. ed. 2, 254 (185 6).
lt subgen. Pieris K. ent Dendr. 1. pt. 1. 116 (1872), excl. L. pulveru-
len
Piers a 4 Maria Bentham & Hooker, Gen. Pl. 11. 588 (1876).
Lyonia Untergatt. V. Maria Drude in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam.
Iv. abt. I.
Neopieris Britton in Britton & Brown, Ill. Fl. ed. 2, 11. 690 (1913).
Desmothamnus Small, Shrubs Florida, 96 (1913).

This section, the type of which is Andromeda mariana L. = X. mariana
Rehd., is chiefly characterized by the flowers borne in axillary clusters on
the branches of the previous season, by the appendaged filaments, the
ovoid or globose-ovoid capsule with prominently thickened sutures; the
leaves are entire, persistent or deciduous and glabrous, rarely puberulous
or pubescent. The two species are native of eastern North America
and are distributed from Rhode Island to Florida and Louisiana; one of
the species is also found in Cuba.

Sect. IV. Priertpopsis, nom

pape a Wallich in As. Re Sree x11. 391 (1 a ).
sD. Donin Edinb, New Philos. ia xvi. 159 (1834), oA ‘tele ovalifolia.
Picris sect. Eupicris Bentham & Hooker, Gen. Pl. 1. 588 (18
Lyonia subgen. Pieris Drude in Bugler & Prantl, Nat. sae a Iv. abt. 1.
44 (1889).

This section, the type of which is Pieris ovalifolia (Wall.) Don = X.
ovalifolia Rehd., is characterized by the flowers borne in axillary and
terminal on-sieded usually elongated racemes, by the less strongly thick-
ened sutures and the usually appendaged filaments (without append-
ages in X. villosa Rehd.); the leaves are entire, persistent or deciduous and
glabrous or more or less pubescent. The species of this section are all
Asiatic and distributed from Kashmir through the Himalayas to western
and eastern China, to central and southern Japan and to Formosa. The
sectional names Pieris and Eupieris cannot be used, as they do not contain
the type species of Pieris which is P. formosa Don and belongs to a distinct
genus.

Andromeda glaucophylla f. ae nat nov
Andromeda polifolia «. latifolia Aito Kew. 11. 68 (1789).—Pursh,
Fl. Am. Sept. 1. 291 (1814), as B. jontotie. Lethe Bot. Cab. vi. t. 546
(1821).

56 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

This variety differs in its oblong or narrow-oblong less revolute leaves
from the type which has linear or linear-oblong leaves. Link’s description
of his A. glaucophylla is apparently based on a plant cultivated in the
Botanic Garden at Berlin and as he describes his species as with “‘foliis
linearibus,” the narrow-leaved form must be considered the type. The
citation of Pursh’s A. polifolia 8. as a synonym does not necessarily indicate
as Fernald assumes (in Rhodora, xvim. 100 [1916] ) that Link based his
species on Pursh’s variety, for in this case Link is describing a plant cul-
tivated in the Berlin Botanic Garden and that plant of which possibly
specimens are preserved in the Berlin herbarium is to be considered the
type. Considering the specific name I fully agree with Professor Fernald
that A. glaucophylla Link is the same plant as A. canescens Small which
has to be referred as a synonym to it, and that it is notidentical with A.
polifolia as Small (in N. Am. Fl. xxrx. 61 [1914] ) has it.

x Erica Mackaii Hook. var. Watsonii, comb.

Erica ciliaris subsp. * Watsoni tier hag De Candolle, Prodr, vil. 665 (1888).

Erica ciliaris 8. Watsoni K. Koc endr. 329 9 (1

Erica Tetralix 8. Watsoni Babington, a Brit . FL, ed. 4, 214 (1856).

Erica Petralici ciliaris Syme, oa ma vI. 39, t. 888 (1 1866).

Erica Watsoni Macfarlane in Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. xxxviit. 237 (1895).—
Chevalier i in Monde PI. vr. 53 (1896); VII. 193 (1897) ; in 2 Bul Herb. Boissier,
vi. apx. Iv. 10 (1898).—Neyrant in Act. Soc. Linn. Bor x, Lv. Compt.
Rend. 160 (1900). —Schneider, Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. 2 566 (1911).—
Bean, Trees Shrubs Brit. Isles, 1. 520 (19

As there can be hardly any doubt that Erica Watsoni and E. Mackai
are both hybrids between E. ciliaris L. and E. Tetraliz, they should be
united under the oldest binomial designation which is E. Mackati Hook.,
and FE. Watsoni which differs from typical EF. Mackazi chiefly in its racemose
inflorescence and the longer corolla with oblique mouth may be distin-
guished as a variety.

Vaccinium japonicum Miq. var. sinicum, comb.

Oxycoccoides japonicus var. sinica Nakai, Trees Shrubs. Jap. 1. 168 (1922),
descriptione in lingua japonica tantum.

A typo recedit foliis ovato-oblongis vel oblongo-lanceolatis basi late
cuneatis vel rotundatis subtus basin versis ad et secus costam ut petiolus
villosis interdum glabris vel fere glabris, filamentis supra medium pilosis.

Cuina. Kweichou: Tchuenning-shan, near Kweiyang, alt. 1100-
1250 m., H. Handel-M azzetti, no. 10522 (type) July 1, 1917. Szechuan:
Wen chuan hsien, alt. 1500-2000 m., E. H. Wilson, no. 971, October, 1908;
north Wushan, A. Henry, no. 643. Hupeh: Chang yang hsien, alt.
1300 m., E. H. Wilson, no. 244, October, 1907; without precise locality,
E. H. Wilson, no. 1621, August, 1900, A. Henry, no. 6021.

The Chinese specimens enumerated above all differ in their smaller
much narrower leaves never cordate or subcordate at the base, as they
often are in the Japanese type in which, moreover, the petioles and the
leaves are always quite glabrous. In its pilose filaments and its narrow
leaves the variety resembles V. japonicum var. lasiostemon Hayata (Icon.

1924 REHDER, NEW SPECIES, VARIETIES AND COMBINATIONS 57

Pl. Formos. 1. 115, t. 12 [1912] ) from Formosa, but the leaves of the For-
mosan variety are quite glabrous according to the description. Dr.
Nakai has proposed for V. japonicum Miq. and V. erythrocarpum Michx.
the new genus Oxycoccoides (in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xxx1. 246 [1917] ),
but in doing so he overlooked the fact that Small in 1903 (in his Fi.
S. E. U. S. 896, 1336) based the new genus Hugeria on V. erythrocarpum
and as the two species are undoubtedly congeneric differing only in minor
characters, the oldest name for this genus, if separated from Vaccinium or
from Oxycoccus, will be Hugeria Small. e name Oxycoccoides pro-
posed by Bentham & Hooker (Gen. PI. 11. 574 [1876] ) as a section of Vac-
cinium though older than Hugeria, cannot invalidate a properly published
generic name.

Viburnum molle f. leiophyllum, forma nova.
A typo recedit foliis subtus glabris axillis venarum barbatis exceptis
vel interdum ad venas aDeh gran

Missourr: Stone Coun Galena, high limestone bluffs, James River,
I almer, no 3671, ee 20, teu (type), no. 4671, October 15, 1913 and no.
17226, ese a 1920, no. 22816, M , 1923, no. 23872a, September 24, 1923.

ane y; Swan, cliffs of eo Swan River, C. S. Sargent, Octo sber 8,
1899, B. F. ia no. 798, October 9, 1899 (Gray Herb. ), no. 3449, Se tenibes
26, 1905. Mac DonaldCounty, No el, B. F. Bush, nos. 5531, 5763, April
25, and May i 1909. BentonCoun ty, Cole Camp Creek, Wm. Trelease,
no. 4, May 19, 4,

CuutivaTep: Arnold Arboretum under no. 4643: August 29, 1913, June 9,
oe Foner 15, June 27 and September 20, 1917, December 23, 1918, June 7,
1921

This form differs only in the glabrous or nearly glabrous under side of the
leaves from typical V. molle Michx. which has the leaves densely soft
pubescent beneath.

An intermediate form represents a specimen of the co-type of V. Deme-
trionis Deane & Robins., a synonym of V. molle, from the Cole Camp
Creek, Benton County, in the Herbarium of the Arnold Arboretum, the
leaves of which are very sparingly pubescent with mostly forked hairs
beneath, except the veins which are more densely pilose with mostly simple
hairs; other specimens from the same locality have the leaves densely
pubescent beneath as in the typical form, while Trelease’s No. 4 cited
above has nearly glabrous leaves. Of the type there are specimens from
the following localities in the Arnold Arboretum Herbarium: Danville,
Kentucky (type locality), Benton County (type locality of V. Demetrionis
Deane & Robins.), Christian, Stone and Boone Counties, Missouri, and
Carroll and Ripley Counties, Indiana. This shows that from two localities,
Cole Camp Creek, Benton County and Galena, Stone County, Missouri,
both forms are represented and that the glabrescent form seems to occur
only in the western part of the range of the species.

The variety bears some resemblance to V. affine Bush, but that species
may be distinguished by the light brown or grayish brown, not light gray
or light grayish yellow, color of the branchlets, the close bark of older

58 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

branches, the smaller ovate or elliptic-ovate, not orbicular-ovate leaves
rounded or only slightly cordate at base and by the shorter petioles only
0.6—-1.2 cm. or rarely up to 1.5 cm. long.

Viburnum pubescens var. Deamii, var. nov.

A typo recedit foliis majoribus orbiculari-ovatis brevissime abrupte
acuminatis interdum ovatis vel ovato-ellipticis, rarius obovatis eis turionum
interdum ovato-oblongis supra accumbenti-pilosis subtus tota facie
molliter laxeque in nervis densius et longius fasciculato-pilosis, nervis
utrinque 9-11 praeditis, petiolis saepe stipulis subulatis instructis supra
tantum densius pubescentibus subtus sparsius vel glabrescentibus, pedun-
culis ramulisque novellis glabris vel fere glabris——Frutex 3 m. altus;
folia basi truncata vel rotundata, rarius late cuneata, 5-9 cm. longa et
4.5-9 cm. lata vel angustiora tenuiter membranacea, dentibus latissime
triangularibus utrinque 15-20, petiolis 1-2.5 em. longis; pedunculus 5-9
em. fds

InpIANA: Br n County, deep wooded ravine ear 2 miles southeast of
Tee C. C. Dem, no. 11148, June 16, 1912 and no. 12217, August 25, 1912
(type). JeffersonCounty,in ee ods Bmiles north of Mat ison,

”. Deam, no. 18848, September 9, 1915. Spencer County, ba
wooded slo ope 3 miles sig of St. Meinard, C. C’. Deam, no. 16541, June 28, 1915:
Sweet ie and Pin Oak woods 11% miles northeast of lake, One 07 Deam, no, 37505,

August 10, 1922, nos. 39951, 39952, October 1923; on n crest of a low ridge 1%
miles - of He ‘Imsburg, C.C. Deam, no. 805 50, July 4, 1923. Jackson
Cou , top of slope about Ese mile tls of Chestnut Ridge, C. C. Deam
no. 38610 ened 18, 1923. Jex ngsCounty, roadside, 2.7 to 3 miles south
of San Jacinto, C.C. Deam, nos. 38595, 38598, on 38878, June 16, 1923. Switzer-
land County, flat low woods about 1 mile southeast of Fairview, C.C. Deam,
no. 40040, October 13, 19 i

The presence of stipules on many of the petioles of the variety suggests
affinity to V. affine Bush and V. molle Michx., but both these species have a
very different fruit with a much flattened stone showing two lateral grooves
on the ventral side, while this variety agrees exactly in its fruit with the
type of V. pubescens Pursh (V. venosum Britt.) which has a globose conical
or short ellipsoidal scarcely or slightly compressed stone with a deep
groove in the middle of the ventral side. In typical V. pubescens and in
its varieties, var. Canbyt Blake and var. longifolium Blake, the petioles
are almost always without stipules, but may be occasionally stipulate on
any of these three varieties, therefore it does not seem advisable to con-
sider the greater or lesser prevalence of stipules a character of sufficient
value to separate this and the following variety specifically from V. pu-
bescens. In the size and shape of its leaves, at least in its typical form, var.
Deamii has some resemblance to V. molle, but in that species the leaves are
distinctly cordate at base, the branchlets are light gray or light grayish
yellow and the bark on older branches separates in thin flakes. It also
resembles V. pubescens var. Canbyi Blake which, however, has somewhat
smaller and narrower leaves with fewer veins and glabrescent beneath
and pubescent branchlets, though occasionally the under side of the leaves
may be more pubescent as in a specimen from Waynesville, N. C. (Bilt-

1924] REHDER, NEW SPECIES, VARIETIES AND COMBINATIONS 59

more Herb. without no. and collector, July 27, 1903). In the pubescent
underside of its leaves var. Deamii resembles var. longifolium Blake but
that variety has much smaller and narrower, ovate ot ovate-oblong leaves
with more numerous veins and longer teeth. From the southern V.
scabrellum Chapm. which agrees with V. pubescens in the fruit and stone,
var. Deamii is easily distinguished by the glabrous smooth branchlets.
The leaves of some specimens resemble those of the following variety in
shape and serration but they all have the under surface soft pubescent.

Viburnum pubescens var. indianense, var.

Affinis var. Canbyi Blake sed differt Sele ‘oenallis glabris, foliis
grossius serratis dentibus fere ac longis quam latis, petiolis plerisque stipulis
subulatis instructis et supra leviter vel interdum densius adpresse pilosis
rarius glabrescentibus.—Folia orbiculari-ovata vel ovata, 6-9 cm. longa
et 4.5-7.5 lata.

Inpiana: Clay County, ravine 3 miles north of Brazil, C. C. Deam, no.
38986, ed is 1923, no. 39002, July 7 and September 19, 1923. Putnam

oun ns 4 miles south oe Russelville on wooded hillside rene Racoon Creek,
E. J. Grimes, no. 582, June 14,1911. Lawrence County, White and Black

(type). Rip : ounty, border of a dense Beech and Sweet Gum woods
7 miles southeast of Versailles, C. C. Deam, nos. 16119, June 18, 1915, and 8 miles
south of V Moke no. 18838, ‘September 9, 1915; clearing i mile north of Osgood,

Oy oes 0. 4, June 15, 1923. ClarkCo unt y, on a bank of a creek
about . ‘niles north of Borden, C. C. Deam, no. 40022, October 11, 1923.
Spencer Co low flat woods 214 miles northwest of Rockport, oa o
Deam, no. 39971, Oaths 1923.

This variety differs from var. Canbyi chiefly in the presence of stipules
on most of the petioles, by which character it agrees with the preceding
variety; it also differs in the generally coarser serration of the leaves and
the glabrous young branchlets, though occasional specimens of the latter
variety show the same kind of serration and may have glabrous or glabrate
branchlets. Some specimens as nos. 39002, 39971 and 40022 with smaller
glabrescent leaves approach V. dentatum L. but may be distinguished by
the presence of stipules, larger inflorescence and larger short-ellipsoidal
fruit from that species which apparently never has stipules and has
smaller subglobose fruit and denser smaller inflorescence.

JOURNAL

OF THE

ARNOLD ARBORETUM

VoLumE V APRIL, 1924 NUMBER 2

RAPHIOLEPIDIS ET ERIOBOTRYAE SPECIES
SINO-JAPONICAE

T. Nakal
Raphiolepis Lindley in Bot. Reg. vi. 468 (1820); Collect. 3 (1821).

Folia magis impresso-reticulata.
Folia 10-15 cm. longa, 3-3.5 cm. lata, grosse serrata. Panicula 12 cm. longa.

a
Folia vix 8 cm. longa, non grosse serrata. Panicula brevis, circiter 2-3 em. longa.
R. rugosa.
Folia plana vel venis impressis sed non apse rugosa.
Rami robusti. Poma vulgo circiter 10 mm
Frutex regionum calidiarum incola, ra mis ie ectis see Siamese Folia
oblonga vel obovato-oblonga, integerri ima vel c .R. tntegerrima.
Frutex regionum tempe gabe rte ee ramis cheery Folia late obovata
vel obovata vel fere rotun
Folia obovata vel SE LaECEBSCRRs, plus minus crenato-dentata.
R. umbellata.
Folia Aaa vel late obovata vel fere rotundata, aii vel crenato-
PORTA ic ec as ee eas Renae eae RSS aes mbellata f. ovata.
Rami aac Poma vix 8 mm. lat
rutex ramis erectis vel sscondentibus, fastigiatus vel ga ar Folia

oblanceolata plus minusve elongata...............-.+-. liukiuensis.
Frutex plus divaricatus. Rami graliores
Folia salicaria. Petala lanceolata. .............. 00000065 R. salicifolia.

Folia non salicaria, latiora.
Rami gracillimi. Folia parva, oblanceolato-oblonga, ee venis im-
pressis. Inflorescentia multiflora. Poma _ 5 mm. lata... 2. gracilis.
Rami gracilis. Folia varia, Poma 5-8 m . lata
Folia vulgo in apice rami conferta.

Bractene: Bpiralet.. 6s AG vor pee kes a5e a2 R. indica var. spiralis.
Br non pe
Inflorescentia racemosa vel Ei eae
] Lae obovata ; stamina brevia........ R. indica var. typtca.
Pet elo nese R. indica var. phaeostemon.
Gee corymbosa.
Petala lanceolata: 2-6 .s ceacs ass R. indica var. crataegoides.
Petala obovata vel ovata........... R. indica var. Tashtrot.
Folia vulgo sparsa.
Petala lanceolata. coed latiora.
Inflorescentia bracteata............0+... R. rubra var. typica.
Inflorescentia Aree NU es aren aieih bbb 4 R. rubra var. foliosa.
Petala ovata vel obovata.
Folie: laniceGlates,¢ vison es eases R. rubra var. lanceolata.

Polia = latiOrascncrarane oor cee © nore a R. rubra var. mtnor.

62 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou. v.

Raphiolepis major Cardot in Lecomte, Not. Syst. m1. 380 (1918).

Raphtoleptis tndica var. grandifolia Franchet in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, x.v1.
207 (1899).

Cuina: Prov. Fokien, monte Kuantun.

Raphiolepis rugosa Nakai, sp. nov.

Frutex 0.5-1 m. altus (fide lectoris). Rami annotini glabrescentes.
Folia in apice rami conferta, juvenilia rufo-pilosa, glabrescentia; petioli
2-3 mm. longi; lamina oblonga utrinque attenuata, glaberrima, supra
venis impressis rugosa, infra pallida venis elevatis, margine subargute
serrata, 8-6 cm. longa, 1.7-2.7 cm. lata. Racemus brevissimus, ferrugineo-
tomentosus, pauciflorus; bracteae et bracteolae deciduae; flores bibracteo-
lati; calycis tubus lobique ferrugineo-tomentosus, 5 mm. longus, apice
subito amplicatus, lobi ovato-acuminati, apice glabri, 4 mm. longi; petala
alba, obovata, apice carinaia mucronata reflexa, margine denticulata,
infra medium integra fimbriato-barbata, 7 mm. longa; stamina purpurea,
corollae fere aequilonga, antherae rotundatae albae; styli 2 staminibus
infimis brevissimis paulo breviores, glaberrimi.

Curna: prov. Kiangsi, Woo Kung Shan, H. H. Hu, no. 711.

Raphiolepis integerrima Hooker & Arnott, Bot. Beechey Voy. 263
(1837-1840).—Walpers, Repert. 11. 57 (1843).—Roemer, Syn. Monog.
m1. 114 (1847).

Raphiolepts ertenstt Siebold & a Fl. Jap Bek in ree (1841); in

Abh. A uench. Iv. 2, 130 (F! p. Fam. Nat. 1 2)(1845). ie
Rep. 11. 57 (1 (1843). —Roemer, Syn. stil 1. 114 (i847).

Raphtolepis japonica var. integerrt a Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St.
Pétersb. xrx. 181 (1877), pro parte in Mél. Biol. rx. 181 (187 oe pro
parte.—Yatabe, Icon. Fl. Jap. m. pt. 2, 89 (1892), pro parte.—Non

ook

Raphiolepis japonica A. Gray in Mem. Am. Acad. n. ser. vi. 387 (1859), pro

parte.—Non Siebold & Zuccarini.

Raphiolepis umbellata var. Mertensit Makino in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xvi. 14

(1902), pro parte.—Koidzumi in Jour. Coll. Sci. Tokyo xxxiv. art. 2,
72. (Consp. Rosac. Jap.) pene) pro parte. —Matsumura, Ind. Pl. Jap. 1.
pt. 2, 223 (1912), pro part

Opa integerrima Seemann in ae Bot. 1. 281 (1863).

Opa Mertensii Seemann, I. c.

Bonin: insula Chichijima, H. Otomo, E. H. Wilson, no. 8220, Gon-
zales.

Formosa: Botel Tobago, S. Sasakt.

This is a tree with ascending or upright branches though it becomes
low and shrubby on wind-swept rocks. Unlike Raphiolepis umbellata it
is not hardy in Tokyo and is easily distinguished from it by the mode of
branching and by its leaves. The wood is hard and durable. The dis-
covery of this species in Botel Tobago is interesting.

Raphiolepis umbellata Makino in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xvi. 13 (1902).—

Schneider, Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. i. 705, fig. $90 h-i, fig. $91 i (1906).—
Fedde, Rep. Sp. Nov. 11. 152 (1907).—Matsumura, Ind. Pl. Jap. u.

1924] NAKAI, RAPHIOLEPIDIS ET ERIOBOTRYAE SPECIES 68

pt. 2, 222 (1912), pro parte—Koidzumi in Jour. Coll. Sci. Tokyo, xxx1v.
art. 2, 71 (Consp. Rosac. de ya pro parte.

E.

Laurus umbellata Thunberg, Fl. Jap. 175 ha

Mespilus Steboldit Bice. Bide 1122 (1826

Photinia Stebolditt G. Don, Gen. Syst. 11. 602 (183

Raphtolepts japonica Si seat @ Yanna: FI. Jap. 1. 162, t. 75 (1841); in Abh.
Akad. Muench. tv. 2, 130 (Fl. Jap. Fam. Nat. 1. 22) (1845).—-Roemer, Syn.
Monog. 11. 114 (184 7), —K. Koch in Ann. Mus. Lugd.-Bat. 1. 250 (1863).—

iquel in Ann. Mus. Lugd.-Bat. bs 41 (Prol. Fl. Jap. ray (1867).—

Wenzig in Linnaea, xxxvi1. 104 (1874).—Decaisne in Nou rch. Mus
Paris, x. 133 (18 74), pro parte Engler & Maximowicz in Bot. aaheh, VI.
63 (1 88 5). —Yatabe, aco Fl. Jap. 1. pt. 2, a t. 25 (1892), pro parte.

Opa japonica Seemann in Jour. Bot. 1. "281 (18

ee Steboldtt Bee in Hoeven % he Vries, Tijdschr. x. 196

(1843).
Banks, Icon. Kaempfer, t. 56 (1791), sine nomine.
Kyusau: prov. Osumi, mt. Kirishima, Z. Tashiro; ins]. Tanegashima,
H. Wilson.

The branches of this species are more robust and more spreading

than those of Raphiolepis integerrima, and the leaves are thicker and
broader. This is hardy in Tokyo and is an important plant in Japanese
landscape gardening.

Raphiolepis umbellata f. ovata Schneider, Ill. Handb. Laubholzk.
1907).

m1. 706. fig. 291. k (1906). —Fedde, Rep. Sp. Nov. ur. 152 (19

Raphiolepts japonica var. tntegerrima Hooker f. in Bot. Mag. xc1. t. 5510
(1865), excl. syn.—Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. oe 181
(1873), pro parte; in Mél. Biol. rx. 181 ie ig parte.

Raphiolemis ovata Briot in Rev. Hort. 1870, 348. 52.

Raphiolepis umbellata var. Mertensii Makino in Ty. Bot. Mag. x
ame pro parte.—Matsumura, Ind. Pl. Jap. u. pt. 2, 222 (1912), pro

arte.—Koidzumi in Jour. Coll. Sci. Tokyo xxxiv. art. 2, 72 (Consp. Rosae.
aes (19 13), pro parte.

Raphiolepis es A. Gray n Perry Narr. Exp. China Jap. 311 (1856); in
He cad. n. ser. ti "387 (1859), pro parte.—Non Siebold & Zuc-

Rapes M sagilagy var. oes Fak in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xxx. 22 (1916);
Fl . VI. 22, pl. 9 (1916).
Folia Tuara noel in ae typica, integerrima vel rarius indistincte

serrata.

Honpo: prov. Idzu, Shimoda, Williams & Morrow; ibidem, C. Wright;

insula Hachijyo, E. H. Wilson, no. 8390; prov. Sagami, Kamakura, E. H.
Wilson, no. 6625.

.YUSHU: prov. Osumi, ins]. Tanegashima, H. Sakurai.
QUELPAERT: in littorale, E. Taquet, no. 5541.
Korea: prov. Keisho austr., insl. Zetsueito, 7. Uchiyama.

Raphiolepis liukiuensis Nakai, sp. nov.

sa esd da ha eg var. liukiuensis Koidzumi in Jour. Coll. Sci. Tokyo,
XXXIV. 2, 73 (Consp. Rosac. Jap.) (1913). Sea in Tokyo Bot. Mag.
XXX. OL (1918); F]. Sylv. Kor. vi. 31, pl. 8 (19

Raphiolepis japonica Main owicz in Bull. Acad. "Sei St. Pétersb. xix. 183
(1873), pro parte; in Mél. Biol. rx. 181 (1873), pro parte.—Decaisne in
Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, x. 133. (1874), pro parte—Engler & Maximowicz

64 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou. vy.

a Bot. Jahrb. vi. 63 (1885), pro parte —Ito et Matsumura in Jour. Coll.
i. Tokyo, x11. 191 (Tent. Lutch.) (1899).—Non Siebold & Zuccarini.
Raphioleps umbellata Nakai in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xxvi. 95 (1912); Report
get. Isl. Qu roel - (1914); Report Veget. Isl. oe (1914);

A ate si f. 343, a. (1914).—Non Makin

Frutex vel arbor eat ee m. altus erectus, sed in ane ae ubi ventis
perpetuis expositus nanus, ramosissimus. Rami rubro-purpurascentes
glaberrimi, vetusti cinerei. Folia distincte petiolata; petioli rubescentes,
2-20 mm. longi in parte superiore saepe decurrenti-alati; lamina lineari-
oblonga vel oblanceolata, 4-11 cm. longa et 1-4.7 mm. lata, margine
leviter crenato-serrata, apice obtusa vel acuta vel subacuminata, supra
glabra lucida, infra pallida opaca costis prominentibus sed venis in viva
obscuris; folia juvenilia pilis fuscescentibus caducissimis obtecta, aesti-
vatione convoluta. Inflorescentia in apice rami annotini terminalis corym-
boso-racemosa primo pilis fuscescentibus caducis obtecta sed mox glabres-
cens; bracteae bracteolaeque lanceolatae 3-7 mm. longae, acuminatae,
caducae; calycis tubus glaber vel rufo-pilosus, lobi lanceolati vel lineari-
lanceolati vel latiores, intus pilosi, 3-5 mm. longi, apice acutissimi vel
aristati, petala alba, oblonga vel subrotundata, acuminata vel obtusa,
8-10 mm. longa; stamina calycis lobis longiora vel breviora, antherae
atro-purpureae; styli 2, stamina superantes. Fructus globosus vel ovoideus,
apice cicatrice calycis umbilicatus, 8 mm. longus, niger.

QUELPAERT: in rupibus littoris, U. Faurie, Nos. 1562 (type), 1563,
552; in rupibus Hioton, EF. Taquet, no. 2808; in parva insula Tyi-gito,
E. Taquet, no. 2807; in rupibus littoris Syekeui, E. 7 aquet, no. 743; in
rupibus insulae Saiseum, #. Taquet, no. 742.

Korea: Mokpo, H. Ueki.

Formosa: Hiiranzan, R. Kanehira, no. 21.

Lrvxivu: Okinawa Isl., in silvis circa Nago, E. H. Wilson, no. 8178.

Kyvusuu: Is]. Sakurajima, U. Faurie, no. 3848.

I have collected this species also on the island of Wangto, on the islands
Chinto, Chito and Hokitsuto, in Quelpaert and Kainan peninsula of Korea.
Two sterile specimens from Liukiu, communicated by the Yokohama
Nursery Co., are in the herbarium of the Arnold Arboretum. They
have linear-lanceolate leaves tapering at both ends, and may represent
a distinct variety.

Raphiolepis salicifolia Lindley, Collect., in nota sub tab. 3 (1821).—
Ker in Bot. Reg. vii. t. 652 (1822).—De Candolle, Prodr. 11. 630 (1825).—
G. Don, Gen. Syst. 111. 602 (1832).—Spach, Hist. Vég. 11. 79 (1834).—
Roemer, Syn. Monog. 1. 114 (1847).—Decaisne in Nouv. Arch. Mus.
Paris, x. 183 (1874).—Wenzig in Linnaea, xxxvu, 103 (1874).

Raphiolepis indica Lindley var. angustifolia Cardot in Lecomte, Not. Syst.

1. 380 (1918).

CHINA ET ANNAM.

Raphiolepis gracilis Nakai, sp. nov.
Frutex 2-3-metralis, ramosissimus (fide lectoris). Rami graciles, glaber-

1924] NAKAI, RAPHIOLEPIDIS ET ERIOBOTRYAE SPECIES 65

rimi. Petioli 3-5 mm. longi, apice alati et sensim in laminam transientes;
lamina oblonga vel lanceolata, 15-43 mm. longa et 5-17 mm. lata, glaber-
rima, supra leviter convexa, venis et costis impressis, infra leviter concava,
venis costisque elevata, margine crenato-serrata. Flores ignoti. Infructes-
centia paniculata, ambitu ovata, 25-50 mm. longa, glaberrima; poma
globosa, vix 5 mm. lata, apice umbilicata.

Curina: prov. Chekiang, S. Yentang, H. H. Hu, Nos, 228, 220.

The collector states that this species grows in the open places and is
very common in the locality cited. This seems to be an entirely glabrous
plant, for the specimens collected in August bear still unfolding young
leaves at the end of branches which are quite glabrous.

Raphiolepis indica Lindley apud Ker in Bot. Reg. v1. 465 (1820), des-
cript. & tab. excl—De Candolle, Prodr. 1. 630 (1825).—G. Don, Gen.
Syst. 1. 601 (1832).—Spach, Hist. Vég. m. 79 (1834).—Maximowicz in
Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. x1x. 180 (1873), excl. syn. R. salicifolia; in
Mél. Biol. rx. 181 (1873), excl. syn. R. salicifolia—Wenzig in Linnaea,
xxxvill. 101 (1874).—Decaisne in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, x. 132
(1874).—Dunn et Tutcher in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. add. ser. x. 97 (FI.
Kwangtung & Hongkong) (1912).

i indica Linnaeus, Spec. 477 (1753).—Willdenow, Spec. u. 1005

a .—Loureiro, FI. Cochinch. 319 (1790) .—Sims in Bot. Mag. x11, t. 1726
15).—Schrank, Pl. Rar. Hort. Acad. Monac. 1. t. 60 (1819).
ova ‘Metsonsderos Loureiro, Fl. Cochinch. 309 (1790), excl. syn. —Seemann in
ur. Bot. 1. 280 (1 863) .

Raphiolepis indica is not a native of India but is widely distributed
in China and Cochinchina where there are many varieties and forms,
Owing to its polygamy the stamens are longer or shorter than the calyx-
lobes or equal to them in length. The petals are roundish or acute at the
apex. The serration and broadness of the leaves are individually different.

Raphiolepis indica var. typica Nakai.

Inflorescentia racemosa vel subracemosa; petala obovata; stamina
brevia.

CHINA.

Raphiolepis indica var. spiralis Nakai, var. nov.
Raphiolepis spiralis G. Don, Gen. Syst. 11. 602 (1832).—Walpers, Rep. u. 57
—Roemer Syn. Monog. mr. 113 (1847).

Folia ne ne serrata. Flores racemosi; bracteae spirales.
Cina.

Raphiolepis indica var. phaeostemon Nakai

Raphiolepts indica Ker in Bot. Reg. vi. 465 (1820), exc syn. Crataegus indica.—
Sprengel, Syst. Veg. 11. 508 (1825), Non Lin

Raphiolepis phaeostemon Lindley, Collect., in i oe tab. 3 (1821).—De

66 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM {von ¥

Candolle, Prodr. 11. 630 (1825).—G. Don, Gen. Syst. m1. 601 (1832).—
Spach, Hist. Vég. 11. 79 (1834).
Raphiolepis pheostemonia Saint-Lager i in Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon, vit. 133 (1880).
Folia lanceolata v. ovato-lanceolata serrata. Inflorescentia fere
racemosa. Petala lanceolata. Stamina elongata.
CHINA.

Raphiolepis indica var. —. Nakai, var.

Raphtolepis crataegoides Roemer, Syn. seaeitt ur. 113 (1847), excl. syn.

oo corymbosa; petala lanceolat.

CHIN

eee referred Linné’s Crataegus indica here, but there is no testi-
mony that this plant had lanceolate petals. Linnaeus says “Corymbis
squamosis’’ but nothing about the shape of petals. Loureiro says
“Petala 5, subrotunda.’’ Roemer’s conception may have been induced
from the remarks of Ker under Raphiolepis salicifolia in Botanical Register,
tab. 652. Lindley thought that Linnaeus’s Crataegus indica was the same
as Loureiro’s plant which has roundish petals. This may or may not be
so but the shape of the petals is not a specific character, and both Ker’s
and Lindley’s plant belong to Raphiolepis indica or Crataegus indica.

Raphiolepis indica var. Tashiroi Hayata in Jour. Coll. Sci. Tokyo, xx.
129, (Enum. Pl. Formos.) (1906
Crataegus indica Loureiro FI. Cochineh 319 (17
Ranhanaees stnensts Roemer, Syn. nog. III. 104 (184
Raphiolepis indica Hayata, Icon. PI. se rmos. I. 248 a —Koidzumi in
Tokyo Bot. Mag. xxur. 171 ete in Jour. Coll. Sci. Tokyo, xxxiv. art.
2, 71 (Consp. Rosac. Jap.)
Raphsolepis umbellata a ae Ind. Pl. Jap. 11. pt. 2, 222 (1912), pro
a —Koidzumi in Jour. Coll. Sci. Tokyo, xxxrv. art. 2, 71 (1913), pro
rte-—Non Makino.
Folia cuneiformi-ovata. Petala ovata vel obovata.

CHINA ET Formosa.

Raphiolepis rubra Lindley, Collect. tab. 3 (1821).—De Candolle,
Prodr. 1. 630 (1825).—G. Don, Gen. Syst. m. 601 (1832).—Lindley in
Bot. Reg. xvi. t. 1407 (1831).—Roemer, Syn. Monog. mr. 114 (1847).

Crataegus rubra Loureiro, Fl. Cochinch. 319 (1790).

Mespilus sinensis Poiret, Encycl. Méth. Suppl. rv. 70 (1816).

Folia secus ramos plus minus sparsim disposita.

Raphiolepis rubra var. typica Nakai.

Folia ovata vel elliptica. Stamina calycis lobis breviora vel eos super-
antia; petala lanceolata.

CHINA AUSTR. ET COCHINCHINA.

Raphiolepis rubra var. foliosa Nakai, v.
Crataegus sinensis cai wine pane da Herb. Gén. Amat. tv. 247,
t. (182

Tifioveanentia foliosa. Cetera ut antea.
CHINA.

1924] NAKAI, RAPHIOLEPIDIS ET ERIOBOTRYAE SPECIES 67

Raphiolepis rubra var. lanceolata Nakai, var. no
Raphiolepis Loureiri ey pd Ms ur. 508 (1895), excl. syn.—Roemer
Syn. Monog. 1. 114 (1847), excl.

Folia lanceolata. Petala ovata a “ibn

Sprengel considered this to be the Crataegus indica of Loureiro and
wrote that this species had lanceolate leaves and Roemer followed him,
but Loureiro’s description—‘‘ Folia cuneiformi-ovalia—apice ovata basi
attenuata’’—shows that this (his) type is different and belongs to Raphio-
lepis indica.

CuHina?

Raphiolepis rubra var. minor Nakai, comb. nov.

Raphiolepis umbellata var. minor Makino in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xvi. 14 (1902).

Raphiolepis minor Koidzumi in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xxut. 171 tee in Jour.

oll. Sci. Tokyo, xxxrv. art. 2, 73 (Consp. Rosac. Jap.) (1918).

Inflorescentia contracta; petala obtusa.

This is known only in Japanese gardens, especially in temple grounds
near Kyoto. I suspect that it was brought from China as Gingko biloba,
Magnolia denudata, Magnolia liliiflora, Forsythia suspensa and other
plants have been, but the history is unknown. It is strange that this
form only was introduced into Japan when there are so many varieties
of both Raphiolepis indica and R. rubra in China.

Plantae mihi ignotae:

1. Raphiolepis indica var. latifolia Cardot in Lecomte, Not. Syst. 1.
380 (1818).

2. Raphiolepis indica var. mekongensis Cardot I. c.

Berthold Seemann adopted Opa as the generic name of Raphiolepis
for reason of its priority. Opa includes two species: Opa odorata Loureiro
which is Eugenia Millettiana Hemsley and Opa Metrosideros Loureiro which
is Raphiolepis indica. The type specimens are said to be in the British
Museum. From the generic description of Opa “calyx lacinis rotundatis,
petala subrotunda, filamenta corolla duplo longiora,” we can readily
understand that it was based on both plants. Now Opa odorata is the
first species, so we must take it for the type of the genus. The generic
name (pa is thus a synonym of Eugenia (or Szygium in a restricted sense)
partly and that of Raphiolepis partly.

Eriobotrya Lindley in Trans. Linn. Soc. x11. 102 (1822).

Folia adulta subtus pilosa vel tomentosa, juvenilia pilis longioribus tomentosa.
Inflorescentia calyce excepto glabra, a mpla. Flores distincte Se, ita
inflorescentia nee ora. Folia oblan eeclsta cum petiolis 10-22 em. longa
adulta subtus tantum pilis bpraenvons pilosella. Fructus rubri..£. Bracklot.
Inflorescentia tom aes amp . ores sessiles vel subsessiles, ita inflorescentia

densiflora. i i
Folia vulgo ae vel Spianesoinia: oe infra tomentosa. Calyx 6-8
mm. lon LE, Sen ae eee eee japonica.
Folia vulgo oblonga vel serine adulta infra subglabrescentia. Calyx circiter

. longus. Fructus s

Folia obovata. Petala Sbovals itseeA: ae | eo eee ee E. obovata.
Folia oblonga vel ellipticn, Petala ans bifida; styli 2... Z. pedvicdoe.

68 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

Folia adulta subtus Aner juvenilia saepe rufo- vel rufescenti-lanata.
Folia maxima vix 10 em. lon
Inflorescentia laxa oa 3 cm. lon
Folia initio rubiginoso-tomentosa, eT cecwes obtuse sag lad
tensts.
Folia ab initio glaberrima obtusa vel oblongo-lanceolata, ae poniaead
E. oblongifolia.
Inflorescentia contracta vix 5 cm. long
a liga ean oats vel ric pomaies) cum petiolo 3-6 cm

a eb 12-2 om, lath. bccccccd vices casdceeess pseudo-Raphiolepis.
F ae ead arta vel lobianccoita vel ora hen ons vel attenuata,
cum petiolo 3-9 cm. longa et 1-2.5 em. lata............... E. Henrys.

Folia vulgo quam 10 cm. ae
a omnes sessiles ita in apice ramorum inflorescentia iaiions Fructus
essil folie os oblanceolata vel oblongo-obovata
F oe CCA |” ae ge ee Og PE eae ee eS E. bengalensts.
Folia 2. 5-3. 5 em. a ME ciceeter ease seses E. bengalensis var. pi heel
Flores partim distincte pedicellati. Fructus stipitati.
Flores parvi, calyce 3-6 mm. longo. Folia juvenilia rufa.

Infloresce ey pei lat 3-4 cm. longa, fuscescenti-pilosa vel glabrescens;
calyx circiter 6 mm. longus. Folia lineari-oblonga vel obovata vel
lance i ri pitino vel subintegra........... uisanensts.

Inflorescentia quam 5 cm. longior, rufa. Folia oblanceolata.

Panicula elongata, 15 cm. longa. Folia oblongo-obov
oe tengyuehensis.
Panicula quam 10 cm. brevior. Folia oblanceolata.
Folia fere integra rarius apice dentata. Calyx 3-4 mm. lot ngus.
E. philippinensts.
Folia grosse crenato-serrata. Calyx 5-6 mm. an
E. acuminatissima.
Flores magni, calyce 7-9 mm. lon

Folia apice indistincte serrata. Inflorescentia rufa....... E. fragrans.

Folia toto vel fere tota serrata. Inflorescentia rufescenti-lanata.
Infloresce ie calyce oe ae . .E. Brackloi var. atrichophylla.

Inflorescentia rufescenti-lan
Folia tota grosse serrata..............0000 cece eee eee E. deflexa.
Folia fere tota crenato-serrata ........ FE. deflexa var. grandiflora.
oe ee Handel-Mazzetti in Anzeiger Akad. Wiss. Wien,
No. xu. (PI. . Sin. Fortsetz. 16, p. 2) (1922).

CHINA: prov. ieckchinn: jugo Tsatmukngao prope yaa ms
ad bor.-orient. urbis Kwangtung, 800 m., Rud. Mell, No.

Eriobotrya Brackloi var. atrichophylla Handel-Mazzetti, |. c.

Curna: prov. Hunan austr.-occid.; in monte Yun-schan prope urbem
Wukang, in silva elata frondosa umbrosa, 1300 m., H. Handel-M azzetti,
Nos. 12032, 12060.

Eriobotrya prinoides Rehder & Wilson in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 194
(1912).—Schneider, Il. Handb. Laubholzk. 11. 999 (1912).
Eriobotrya bengalensis Dunn in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxxix. 446 (1911).—Non
ooker f.

mae prov. Yunnan, A. Henry, no. 9878; silvis Tsin siang cheou
prope Peyentsin, Simeon Ten, no. 13; inter Siao makai et Schinlung,
Yunnan fu, septent. versus, C. Schneider, no. 4047; prov. Szechuan,
Tung Valley, FE. H. Wilson, no. 3507.

1924} NAKAI, RAPHIOLEPIDIS ET ERIOBOTRYAE SPECIES 69

Eriobotrya japonica Lindley in Trans. Linn. Soc. x11. 102 (1822).—
De Candolle, Prodr. u. 631 (1825).—Blume, Bijidr. 1103 (1826).—
G. Don, Gen. Syst. 11. 602 (1832).—Spach, Hist. Vég. 1. 81 (1834) .—
Wight, Icon. Pl. Ind. Or. 1. t. 222 (1840).—Siebold & Zuccarini, Fl. Jap.
1. 182, t. 97 (1841); in Abh. Akad. Muench. rv. 2, 181 (Fl. Jap. Fam. Nat.
1. 23) (1846).—Roemer, Syn. Monog. 111. 147 (1847).—K. Koch in Ann.
Mus. Lugd.-Bat. 1. 250 (1863).—Miquel in Ann. Mus. Lugd.-Bat. 111.
41, 208; Prol. Fl. Jap. 229, 372 (1867).—Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci.
St. Pétersb. xrx. 177 (1873); in Mél. Biol. rx. 175 (1873).—Wenzig in
Linnaea, xxxvul, 98 (1874).—Decaisne in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, x.
145 (1874).—Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxu1. 261 (1886).—Pritzel in
Bot. Jahrb. xx1x. 388 (Fl. Centr. Chin.) (1900).—Matsumura & Hayata
in Jour. Coll. Sci. Tokyo, xx11. 129 (Enum. Pl. Formos.) (1906).—Brandis,
Ind. Trees, u. 290 (1906).—Schneider, IIl. Handb. Laubholzk. 1. 711,
fig. 386 a, 394 a-b (1906).—Hayata, Icon. Pl. Formos. 1. 248 (1911).—
Rehder & Wilson in Sargent, PI. Wilson. 1. 193 (1912).—Rehder in Bailey,
Stand. Cycl. Hort. m. 1134 (1914).—Bean, Trees & Shrubs Brit. Isles,
1. 5%5 (1914).—Nakai in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xxx. 18 (1916).

Pipa Boym, FI. Sin. J, fig. [8] (1656).

Mespilus japonica Thunberg, Fl. Jap. 206 (1784)—Vitman, Summa PI. m.

230 (1789)—Banks, Icon. Kaempfer, t. 19 (1791).—Willdenow, Spec. 1.
pt. 2, 1010 (1799).—Ventenat, Jard. Malmaison PI. 19 (1803).—Jacquin
Fragm. : 36, f. 2. (1 iret in Nouv. amel, ed. 2, Iv.
147, t. 39 (1809).—Ker in Bot. Reg. v. t. 365 (1819).—Loiseleur-Deslong-
champs, Herb. Gén. Amat. rv. 229, t. (1820) .—Bagot in Trans. Hort. Soe.
m1. 299, t. 40 (1820); in Allg. Teutsch. Gart.-Mag. vit. 238, t. 16 (1823) .—
Sprengel, Syst. Veg. 11. 505 (1825).—Geel, Sert. Bot. 11. t. (1831).

Crataegus Bibas Loureiro, Fl. Cochinch. 391 (1793).

Curna: Hupeh, Ichang, E. H. Wilson, no. 3000, ibidem, A. Henry,
no. 5343, Hunan; prope urbem Tschangsha culta, H. Handel-M azzettt,
no. 471. Kwangtung, Liu Dist., C. 0. Levine, no. 3317; prope Can-
ton, C. O. Levine, no. 1932. Szechuan, inter Te chang et Huanglien
po, C. Schneider, no. 810. K weichou, prope urbem Kutschou in silvis,
H. Handel-Mazzetti, no. 10892.

This is widely cultivated throughout the warmer regions of both China
and Japan. It is a common wild plant on cliffs round Ichang and else-
where in central China; also it is wild in Japan on cliffs and mountains,
especially where lime-stone prevails as in prov. Bungo, prov. Nagato, prov.
Tosa.

Eriobotrya obovata W. W. Smith in Notes Bot. Gard. Edinb. x. 29
(1917).
Curwa: Yunnan, circa Yunnan fu, E. E. Maire, no. 2450.

Eriobotrya luzoniensis Nakai, comb. nov.
Photinia luzoniensis Merrill in Philipp. Bur. Governm. Labor. Bull. xv1. 18
(1904); in Philipp. Jour. Sci. 1. 60 (1906); 1m. 276 (1907).
Puuurrinss: Isl. Luzon, mt. Mariveles, prov. Bataan, T. E. Borden,
no. 269.

70 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

Eriobotrya oblongifolia Merrill & Rolfe in Philipp. Jour. Sci. 11. 102
908).

Puiuippines: Isl. Mindanao, mt. Malindang, prov. Misamis, Mearns
& Hutchinson, No. 4680.

Eriobotrya pseudo-Raphiolepis Cardot in Lecomte, Not. Syst. m1.
$71 (1918).

Cuina: Kweichou; prope Ou-k-gay et Hoang-ko-chou, Seguin
& Bodinier, nos. 2262, 2617.

Eriobotrya Henryi Nakai, sp. nov.

Frutex vel arbor 1~7-metralis (fide Henry); rami adulti cinerei, glabres-
centes, juveniles tomentosi. Folia juvenilia rufo-tomentosa, glabrescentia;
petioli 5-11 mm. longi, subglabrescentes sed saepe pilis emortuis atratis
obtecti; lamina lineari-oblonga vel oblanceolata vel lanceolata, 3-8.3 em
longa et 7-27 mm. lata, serrata, utrinque acuminata vel attenuata, supra
lucida. Inflorescentia rubiginoso-tomentosa, dense corymboso-racemosa,
2.5-4.5 cm. longa; bracteae et bracteclae fuscae, deciduae; flores brevi-
pedicellati; calyx oblofgus vel obovoideus, rubiginoso-tomentosus, tubo
2-3 mm. longo, lobis lanceolatis 2.5 mm. ongis dorso glabro excepto
rubiginoso-tomentosis; petala alba, obovata, obtusa vel acuta, integra
vel dentata, 7-8 mm. longa; stamina 10, petalis breviora, longissima 6
mm. longa; antherae rotundatae; styli 2, stamina paulo superantes;
ovarium 2-loculare. Infructescentia ferrugineo-tomentosa; poma_ 1-
sperma, ovoidea, 7-9 mm. longa, calyce persistente reflexo coronata, rubra
esse videntur, glabra; semina magna, testa membranacea; cotyledones
magis incrassati hemisphaerici.

Cuina: Yunnan; Szemao, A. Henry, nos. 13018, 11644, 11644A.

Eriobotrya bengalensis Hooker f., Fl. Brit. Ind. u. 371 (1878).—
Brandis, Ind. Trees, 290 (1906).
Mespilus bengalensis Roxburgh, Cat. Hort. Bengal. 38 (1814), nom. nud.;
FI. Ind. ed. 2, m. 510 (1832),
Photinia dubia Wallich, Cat. 6682-6684 (1829).
Eriobotrya dubia Decaisne in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, x. 145 (1874), pro
parte.—Kurz, Forest Fl. Brit. Burma, 1. 443 (1877).—Franchet, Pl. Dela-
vay. I. 224 (1890).
Cuina: prov. Yunnan, Szemao, A. Henry, no. 12842, 12139.
Eriobotrya bengalensis var. angustifolia Cardot in Lecomte, Not.
Syst. mr. 371 (1918).
Cuina: Yunnan; Hay-y, Paul Ngueou; Ducloux, no. 4719.
Eriobotrya buisanensis Kanehira, Formos. Trees, 218, (1918), pro
syn. Photiniae buisanensis.
Photinia buisanensis Hayata, Icon. Pl. Formos. ut. 100 (1913).
Eriobotrya deflexa {. buisanensis Nakai in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xxx. 18 (1916).
Arbor; rami robusti glabri. Petioli 5-23 mm. longi, juvenilia fusces-
cente pilosi sed glabrescentes, lamina juvenilia utrinque rufo-tomentosa,
adulta 5.5-13.3 cm. longa et 2.1-4.5 em. lata, anguste oblonga vel lanceo-

1924] NAKAI, RAPHIOLEPIDIS ET ERIOBOTRYAE SPECIES 71

lata, apice obtusa vel acuta aequaliter grosse crenato-serrata vel dimidio
integra, coriacea lucida. Inflorescentia 3-4 cm. longa, adpresse fusco-
pilosa. Bracteae et bracteolae lanceolatae, caducae; calycis tubus turbi-
natus, fusco-pilosus; lobi obtuse ovati vel oblongi dorso glabri vel sub-
glabri margine et intus fusco-pilosi; petala alba late obovata apice bifida
7 mm. longa; styli bifidi, basi pilosi. Poma matura, 1.5 cm. lata, aurea
edulia fragrantia.

Formosa: circa Kuraru prov. Koshun, E. H. Wilson, no. 11055;
South Cape, A. Henry, nos. 282, 1333; Takao, A. Henry, no. 1026.

Eriobotrya tengyuehensis W. W. Smith in Notes Bot. Gard. Edinb. x:
30 (1917).
Curva: prov. Yunnan, G. Forrest, nos. 9857, 9847, 12298.

Eriobotrya philippinensis Vidal, Rev. Pl. Vasc. Philip. 123 (1886).
Pururrtnss: Isl. Luzon, mt. Umingan prov. Nueva Ecija, M. Ramos
& G. Edano, no. 26443.

Eriobotrya acuminatissima Nakai, sp. nov.

Photinia luzoniensis var. acuminatissima Merrill in sched.

Differt ab Eriobotrya luzoniensi foliis majoribus longius acuminatis
grossius serratis, floribus majoribus.

Rami cinerei, supra cicatrice foliorum rufo-tomentosi. Petioli 1.5-
2.0 cm. longi, rubiginoso-tomentosi, lamina foliorum oblanceolata, 8-14
cm. longa et 2.7-4.7 cm. lata, apice acuminata, basi sensim attenuata,
margine grosse incurvato-serrata, primo rubiginoso-tomentosa sed demum
glabrescentia et supra lucida. Inflorescentia in apice rami conico-
paniculata rubiginoso-tomentosa; bracteae deciduae; calyx dense rubigino-
so-tomentosus; flores aperti non vidi.

Puuirrmss: Isl. Luzon, mt. Salibongbong Capiz, prov. Panay, A.
Martelino & G. Edano, no. 35622.

Eriobotrya fragrans Champion in Hooker, Kew Jour. Bot. tv. 80
(Fl. Hongkong.) (1852).—Bentham, Fl. Hongk. 108 (1861).—Walpers,
Ann. tv. 670 (1857).—Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. Xx.
177 (1873); in Mél. Biol. rx. 176 (1873).—Decaisne in Nouv. Arch. Mus.
Paris, x. 145 (1874).—Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxi. 261 (1886).—
Dunn & Tutcher in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. add. ser. x. 97 (I'l. Kwang-
tung & Hongkong) (1912).

HINA: prov. Kwang-tung, mt. Lah Jan circa Canton, C. O. Levine,
no. 1557; Isl. Hongkong, Ford.

Eriobotrya defiexa Nakai in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xxx. 18 (1918), in nota.

Photinia deflexa Hemsley in Ann. Bot. 1x. 153 (1895).—Henry in Trans.
As. Soc. Jap. xxiv. suppl. 141 (List Pl. Formosa) (1896).—Matsumura
& Hayata in Jour. Coll. Sci. Tokyo, xx. 129 (Enum. Pl. Formos.) (1906).—
Hayata, Icon. Pl. Formos. 1. 246 1911).—Koidzumi in Jour. Coll. Sci.
Tokyo, xxx1v. art. 2, 65 (Consp. Rosac. Jap.) (1913).—Kanehira, Formos.
Trees, 215, cum fig. (1918).

72 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

Formosa: Herinbi, prov. Taihoku, E. H. Wilson, no. 10185A; Taihei,
prov. Giran, E. H. Wilson, no. 10185; Takow, A. Henry, no. 1026; Sozan,
prov. Taihoku, E. H. Wilson, no. 10796; Hso-kei-ben, prov. Kagi, E. H.
Wilson, no. 9805; Bankinsing, A. Henry, no. 498.

Eriobotrya deflexa var. grandiflora Nakai.

Erwobotrya grandiflora Rehder & Wilson in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 193 (1912).—

Schneider, Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. um. 999 (1912).

Cuina: prov. Szechuan, E. H. Wilson, no. 3506; Mupin, E. H. Wilson,

no. 2999.

Eriobotrya ambigua Merrill (in Philipp. Bur. Governm. Labor. Bull.
Xxxv. 19[1904]) has a bony endocarp and an ovary of 5 (3-4) cells, each
cell containing 2 suprabasifix ovules. It should be removed to the genus
Stranvaesia as Stranvaesia ambigua Nakai, comb. nov.

Eriobotrya Griffithii Franchet, Pl. Delav. 1. 224 (1899), E. lasiogyne
Franchet 1. c. 225 and E. prionophylla Franchet 1. ¢. belong to Photinia.

Eriobotrya has affinities with Photinia on one side and with Raphio-
lepis on the other. It has a persistent calyx though Decaisne described
it as ‘Calyx 5-dentatus, marcescens vel deciduus.’’ All known species of
Eriobotrya have a persistent calyx. This persistency of the calyx is an
important character in this genus and in Photinia and Pourthiaea, though
it is not important in other genera of Pomaceae such as Pyrus, Malus and
Sorbus.

SOME NEW AND NOTEWORTHY LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF
EASTERN ASIA

T. NaxKal

Smilax japonica A. Gray in Perry, Narr. Exp. China Jap. 320 (1856).
Coprosmanthus japonicus Kunth, Enum. y. 268 (1850).
Smilax trinervula Miquel in Versl. Med. Kon. Akad. Weten.
(1867); in Ann. Mus. Lugd.-Bat. m1. 150 (1867); Prol. Fl. Jap. 314 (1867).—
Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. xvir. 171 (1871); in Mél.
Biol. vir. 408 (1871).—Franchet et Savatier, Enum. Pl. Jap. 1. 50 (1879).—
A. & C. de Candolle, Monog. Phaner. 1, 207 (1878).—Makino in Tokyo
Bot. Mag. rx. (112) (1895).
Smilax china var. trinervula Makino in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xiv. 184 (1900).
Honpo et Hoxxaipo
This is a more slender plant than Smilax china and has narrower leaves.
The cells of the ovary have only one ovule each. There are two sheets
of type specimens of Smilax japonica in the Gray Herbarium; one consists
of two flowering specimens collected at Hakodate by S. W. Williams and
Dr. J. Morrow and the other of two flowering specimens and one fruiting
specimen collected on Webster Island near Shimoda (province Idzu) by
C. Wright
Chosenia eucalyptoides Nakai, comb. nov

Saliz eucalyptoides F. N. Meyer in litt. apud Schneider in Sargent, Pl. Wilson.
11. 99 (1916).

n. ser. 2, 11. 867

1924] NAKAI, LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF EASTERN ASIA 73

Saliz dag a Komarov. in Act. Hort. neg ke xx1I. 23 (1904), pro parte.-—
Nakai in Jour. Coll. Sci. Tokyo, xxx1. ia (Fl. Kor. 1) (1911); Veg. M’t.
Waigalbon 68, fig., (1916). —Non Willden

Saliz rorida Nakai, Veg. Diamond Mts. 169, an 168 (1918).—Non Lacksche-

Salix e splendida Nakai in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xxx. 215 (1918

Saliz nobilis Nakai apud Wilson in Jour. Arn. Arb. 1. 36 (90), nom. nud.

Chosenia splendida Nakai in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xxIv. 68 (1920).

Kora ET ee

Chosenia is a very remarkable genus of Salicaceae only recently dis-
covered and without seeing the flowers no one would consider it distinct
from Salix. The staminate catkins are drooping, the bracts are imbri-
cated and membranaceous and the five stamens adhere halfway to the
bracts. The female catkins also are drooping, the bracts are membrana-
ceous and caducous and the two distinct styles are subterminal and ar-
ticulated at the middle. I would like to make a new subfamily, Cho-
senieae, for this genus distinguished from Saliceae which would include
Salix and Populus by the two distinct and articulated styles and by the
ovary having neither a gland nor a cupula at the base. There is an
analytical figure of a fruiting catkin drawn by C. Schneider in the her-
barium of Arnold Arboretum, in which the scar of the bract is errone-
ously designated as the gland; this explains the fact that in his descrip-
tion of this species he attributes a gland to the pistillate flower.

Chosenia grows quickly and its trunk is straight becoming often more
than 1 meter in diameter. The wood is the hardest of all known Salica-
ceous trees in Korea and is used especially for bridge building. The
Japanese make wooden clogs from it. The fibres are used for making
rope and sandals by the Koreans.

Celtis Leveillei Nakai in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xx (266) fig. 2, b. b. g. g.
1914).
Celtis Bungeana var. heterophylla Léveillé in Fedde, Rep. Nov. Spec. x. 476

Cain sinensis Nakai in ee Coll. Sci. Tokyo, xxx1. 192 (Fl. Kor. 1.) (1911),

pro parte.—Non Perso

Celtis Biondit var. hetero Schneider in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 11. 282 (1916).

This species is distinguished from Celtis Biondii by the following char-
acters.

Celtis Biondii: Folia cum acumine 5-9 cm. longa, 3.5-5 cm. lata, adulta
utrinque nervorum axillis infra barbatis exceptis glabra. Flores hermaph-
roditi; perianthii laciniae 2.5 mm. longae 0.5 mm. latae. Bacca nigra.

Celtis Leveillei: Folia cum acumine 2-8 cm. longa, 1-3.5 cm. lata, adulta
supra sparse scaberulo-ciliata, infra ad venas primarias pilosa. Flores
monoeici; perianthii laciniae 2 mm. longae 1 mm. latae. Bacca aurantiaca.

I had not seen flowers when I described this species in the Tokyo
Botanical Magazine and may add the following description:

Flores masculi e gemmis baseos rami evoluti pauci; pedicelli 3 mm.
longi, pilosi, graciles; perianthii laciniae elliptica vel obovato-oblongae,

mm. longae et 1 mm. latae, dorso pilosellae castaneae; stamina 4, laciniis

74 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

perianthii opposita, antheris ellipticis 1.5 mm. longis, filamentis 2 mm.
longis glabris; ovarium abortivum subnullum barbatum. Flores feminei
axillares; pedunculi 1-3 uniflori vel solitarii et biflori; pedicelli 5-12 mm.
longi, graciles pilosi; perianthii laciniae ut in floribus masculis; stamina
abortiva, antheris nullis vel parvis; ovarium ovoideum, dense varbatum,
1.5-2.0 mm. longum; styli alte bifidi; stigmata dorso lineari glabra, cetera
dense ciliata, recurva.
Sequentes varietates distinctae adsunt:

Celtis Leveillei var. heterophylla Nakai, comb. nov.

Celtis Bungeana var. heterophylla Léveillé 1. ¢.

Folia late obovata, apice subtruncato irregulariter serrata et in acumen
subito contracta.

Cuina: Fokien, Dunn’s Exped., Hongkong Herb. no. 3433.

QUELPAERT: in pago Tjy Yang Maui, E. Taquet, no. 3213; in silvis
Sam Pang San, E. Taquet, no. 1385.

Korea: in montibus Mokpo, E. Taquet, no. 2542; ibidem, T. I shidoya,
no. 1758.

I have seen this variety in South Korea: near Mokpo, Isl. Chito, Isl.
Wangto, Kagen peninsula and Kainan county. It is a small tree about
10-20 feet high with grayish bark, and is found nearly always on rocky
mountains.

Celtis Leveillei var. holophylla Nakai, var. nov.
Celtis Biondit Schneider in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. m1, 272 (1916), exel. syn.?—
Non Pampanini.

Folia oblonga vel obovata in acumen sensim attenuata, serrata vel
subintegra.

Cina: Hupeh: Ichang, E.H. Wilson, no. 249 (type), 2321; A. Henry,
no. 3100. Kiangsu: Nanking, F. N. Meyer, no. 1425. Kiangsi:
Kuling, E. H. Wilson, no. 1530; Lu Shan, N. K. Ip, no. 1124. Setch-
wan: sine loco speciali, C. Bock & A. v. Rosthorn, no. 301.

Celtis Cavaleriei Léveillé (Celtis Biondii var. Cavaleriei Schneider) is
distinct from Celtis Leveillei. It has more distinctly serrate and broader
leaves and the pedicels are twice as long.

Quercus Chenii Nakai, sp. nov. (§ Cerris).

Arbor rectaet usque ad 20-30 m. alta, trunco diametro 2.5 m.; cortex
ut in Quercu serrata sed areolis minoribus; rami castanei; gemmae
ovato-oblongae, acuminatae, 3-7 mm. longae. Folia lanceolata basi
inaequalia, acuta vel obtusa, margine spinuloso-serrata, apice longe attenu-
ata, venis lateralibus utrinque circiter 16 parallelis in spinulas terminanti-
bus, 9-10 cm. longa, 22-25 mm. lata, petiolis 10-15 mm. longis. Fructus
biennes subsessiles; cupula hemisphaerica, diametro 1.5 em., 1 cm. alta,
bracteis multiserialibus angustis recurvis sordide griseo-ciliatis 1-1.5 mm.
latis; glans ellipsoidea, 2 cm. longa et 13 mm. lata, apice ciliata.

Cuina: Chekiang: Anchi Hsien, ubi sat vulgaris, Y. Chen.

1924} NAKAI, LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF EASTERN ASIA 75

This Oak is allied to Quercus serrata Thunb. (Q. acutissima Carruth.)
but the leaves are glabrous from the beginning, the cupules and acorns are
smaller and the involucral bracts are slenderer and shorter. The wood
is used for the teeth of hulling mortars, for the spokes and the outer rim
of wheels.

Quercus fokienensis Nakai, sp. nov. (§ Ilex.).
Quercus phillyraeoides Rehder & Wilson in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 11. 233 (1916),
pro parte.—Non A. Gray

Ramosissima; cortex atro-fusca; rami hornotini angulati, sordide
fusco-stellato-pilosi vel tomentosi. Folia petiolis 1-3 mm. longis, obovata
veloblonga vel obovata vel oblanceolata, basi obtusa, rarius acuta, margine
praeter basin minute argute serrulata, apice acuta vel acutissima vel
obtusiuscula, supra lucida, costa stellato-pilosa excepta glaberrima, infra
basi costae stellato-barbata excepta ab initio glaberrima, 3.5 cm. longa et
2.3 cm. lata (4.5-2.0; 5.5-2.2; 4.5-2.7; 2.5-1.4, etc.). Flores masculi ignoti;
amenta feminea axillaria, 2-3 flora; pedunculi 2-4 mm. longi, fuscescenti-
stellato-pilosi; involucrum circiter 1 mm. longum, fuscescenti-pilosum;
ovarium pilosum; stigmata 2-labiata, glabra, recurva, 1 mm. longa.
Fructus ignoti.

Cumwa. Fokien: Fokien, Dunn’s Exped., Hongkong Herb. no.
$482 (type). Kweichou: inter oppida Tuyiin et Patschai prope
vicum Dodjie in silva xerophila, H. Handel-Mazzetti, no. 10762.

This species is nearest to Quercus Gilliana Rehd. & Wils. and Q. phil-
lyracoides A. Gray but by its mode of serration it is readily distinguishable
from related species. There is one undeveloped fruit by which I could
ascertain that the acorn of this Oak ripens the second year as in Quercus
phillyraeoides.

Quercus Wrightii Nakai, sp. nov. (§ Ilex.).

Quercus phillyraeoides A. Gray in Mem. Am. Acad. n. ser. vi. 406 (1859),

Quercus I lex var. phillyraeoides Skan in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxvi. 516 (1899),

quoad pl. e Liukiu.

Rami sordide fusci, adulti lenticellis albis punctati, juveniles fusces-
centi-tomentosi; gemmae oblongae, squamis castaneis multis imbricatis.
Petioli 2-5 mm. longi, minute ciliati sed demum subglabrescentes; lamina
oblonga vel lineari-oblonga vel obovato-oblonga, 2-4.5 em. longa et 1-1.5
cm. (interdum 7 mm.) lata, margine recurva, basi integerrima, apicem
versus crenato-serrata, apice mucronata vel acuta vel obtusa, basi obtusa,
supra glabra, infra stellato-pilosa vel tomentosa. Flores et fructi ignoti.

Kyvusuvu.

Insula Tanegashima, prov. Osumi, C. Wright (type; Herb. Gray),
insula Yakushima, prov. Osumi, E. H. Wilson, no. 6072.

This is nearest to Quercus phillyraeoides A. Gray which differs chiefly
in the glabrous under side of the leaves. Wright’s specimen has the leaves
tomentose beneath and resembles some forms of Quercus suber L., but
Wilson’s specimen has the leaves less densely pubescent. Quercus phil-

76 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou. v

lyraeoides is distributed from Kyushu proper eastward to the Boshu
peninsula of Hondo. In province Idzu it is a very common plant along the
sea-shore and Williams, Morrow and Wright collected the type specimens
at Shimoda, the southernmost harbor of that province.

Quercus glandulifera Bl. var. brevipetiolata Nakai, comb. nov

Quercus 4) eel eld var. brevipetiolata A. De Candolle, Reade XVI. pt. 2, 16

Ro rceakep oer gee Skan in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxvi. 514 ede pro parte.—

ehder & Wilson in Sargent, Pl. Wil son. III. 212 (19 hi pro parte.—
Rehder | in Jour. Arnold Arb. tv. 160 (1923).—Vix Blum

Petioli 2-5 mm. (rarius 6 mm.) longi. Folia silancectats vel oblonga-
obovata, apice acuminata, basi vulgo obtusa vel subcordata inaequalia
rarius acuta. Cupula et glans ut typica.

Cuina. Hupeh: in silvis Patung Hsien 700-1600 m., E. H. Wilson,
nos. 519, 518; in silvis Chang Pang 1300 m., E. H. Wilson, no. 785; Ichang,
E. H. Wilson, nos. 528, 3852, 3654, 3656; Hsing-Shan-Hsien 700-1600
m., E. H. Wilson, no. 3650; Hsing-Shan-Hsien 1300-1800 m., E. H. Wilson,
no. 725; Fang Hsien 1000-1300 m., E. H. Wilson, no. 350; Fang Hsien
1000-1600 m., FE. H. Wilson, no. 524; Hsing Shan Hsien 1000-1300 m.,
E. H. Wilson, no. 530; Chang Pang Hsien 700-1300 m., E. H. Wilson,
no. 521, Ou-Tan-Scian 2090 m., C. Silvestri, no. 350; Kao-Kien Scien, C.
Silvestri, no. 348. Shantung: Lau Shan, F. N. Meyer, no. 321.

onan: sine loco speciali, J. Hers, no. 36, 183 b; Tsi Yiian Hsien,
Tien Tan Shan, J. Hers, no. 1892; Fu Niu Shan, J. Hers, no. 172; Lushih,
Lao Kiiin Shan, J. Hers, no. 1196. Kian gsu: Haichow, J. Hers, no.
2302; Shanghai, D. Macgregor, no. 9. Kiangsi: in silvis Kuling, A.
N. Steward, no. 2718; Kiukiang, A. Allison, no. 7; Kuling, E. H. Wilson,
no. 1500. Hunan: ad minas Hsikwangschan prope urbem Hsinhua,
Handel-Mazzetti, no. 11929. Kweichou: in fruticetis ad vicum
Gutscha prope urbem Kwei Yang, H. Handel-Mazzetti, no. 10490

This seems to be the most common form of Quercus glandulifera in
China. The typical Q. glandulifera growing in Japan, Quelpaert and Korea
has long petioles (5-25 mm. long); leaves densely stellate-hairy beneath
and the veins and veinlets are covered with silky hairs so that the leaves
are silky when young. This typical form has not yet been found in China,
but the following glabrescent variety occurs in many localities.

Quercus glandulifera var. glanduligera Nakai, oy no

Quercus Griffithit var. glanduligera Franchet - ae Bot. x. _ 149 (1888).

. gaa il Skan in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxv. 514 (1899), pro parte.—

et Wilson in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. fs “O12 (1916), pro parte.—Vix
ume

Petioli elongati, 5-25 mm. longi. Folia oblonga-obovata vel late
oblanceolata, subtus glauca vel glaucina vel viridia, sparsius stellulato-
pilosa vel glabra, venis primariis tantum argenteo-hirsutis.

Cuina. Hupeh: Fang Hsien 1600 m., E. H. Wilson, nos. 350, 546;
Chang Pang Hsien 300-1300 m., FE. H. Wilson, no. 526; Ichang 700-1600

1924] NAKAI, LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF EASTERN ASIA 77

m., E. H. Wilson, no. 520. Szechuan: Wen-chuan Hsien, 2700-
3000 m., E. H. Wilson, no. 3627; 1000-1900 m., E. H. Wilson, no. 1095 a;
Kiating Fu, 300-700 m., E. H. Wilson, no. 3649; Wa-shan 1000-1600 m.,
E. H. Wilson, no. 1143; Mupin 1100-1600 m., E. H. Wilson, no. 1294,

Distylium gracile Nakai, sp. no

Distylium racemosum var. A. Gray in hen . Am. Acad. n. ser. vi. 390 (1859).

Arborea 10 m. alta; trunco diametro circiter 70 cm.; rami graciles,
hornotini stellulato-lepidoti, annotini irregulariter fissi. Folia late obo-
vata vel obovato-rotundata apice mucronata vel obtusiuscula interdum
obscure subtrilobata, 12-32 mm. longa et 7-22 mm. lata, supra lucida
minute sparseque stellulata, infra fuscescentia, minutissime sparsimque
stellulato-pilosa demum subglabrescentia. Flores ignoti. Fructus soli-
tarius terminalis, pedunculo 0-10 mm. longo, ovoideus, usque 10 mm.
longus et 7 mm. latus, extus dense fuscescenti-stellulato-lanatus, apice
mucronatus, 2-locularis.

Formosa: prope Seisui, prov. Karenko, E. H. Wilson, no. 11107 (type).

Livuxiv: sine loco speciali, C. Wright, (Herb. Gray).

Osteomeles boninensis Nakai, sp. nov.
as sas anth yllidif hue var. ? boninensis Decaisne in Nouv. Arch. Mus.

Paris, x. 184 (

Gone antyobia ae eanowitk in Bull. ous hes St. Pétersb. xrx.
181 (1873); 16]. Biol. rx. 182 (1873), pro parte—Koidzumi in Jour.
vant - aces XXxIv. art. 2, 44 (Consp. Base Jap.) (1913).—Non
Lind

Differt a O. anthyllidifolia foliolis multijugis 21-33 foliolatis proxime
congestis lineari-oblongis non obovatis vulgo acutis.

Frutex erectus, usque 1.5-2.0 m. altus, ramis juvenilibus dense albo-
sericeis. Stipulae deciduae, subulatae vel lanceolatae, 6-9 mm. longae,
pilosae; folia 2-4.5 cm. longa ut petioli albo-sericea; foliola dense subim-
bricato-collocata, 21-33, vulgo lineari-oblonga interdum lineari-obovata
sed terminalia oblongo-obovata, omnia acuta vel acuminata, supra glabra
vel pilosella, lucida, subtus sericea. Corymbus foliosus pauciflorus, in apice
rami hornotini terminalis, sericeus; calycis tubus sericeus, lobi lanceolato-
acuminati, extus sericei, intus glaberrimi 2-3 mm. longi, reflexi; petala
alba oblonga, 7-8 mm. longa et 3-4 mm. lata, obtusa; filamenta glabra;
styli 5 basi sericei. Fructus rotundatus, pilosus, maturus, niger, edulis.

Bonin. Chichijima, E. H. Wilson, no. 8214 (type), Rev. Gonzales,
1917.

This plant is very common in Bonin Islands where a form of Osteomeles
subrotunda K. Koch also grows. The latter, however, is a low procumbent
shrub with more densely sericeous twigs and leaves, fewer (11-17) roundish
leaflets. Osteomeles boninensis is not as hardy as Osteomeles subrotunda
in Tokyo. Of the former there was once a cultivated plant in the Botanical
Garden of the Tokyo Imperial University but it died nearly ten years ago.

Prunus incisa Thunb. var. gracilis Nakai, var. nov.

78 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou. v

Rami cinereo-fuscescentes vel cinereo-castanei, lenticellis elevato-
punctati; squamae gemmarum castaneae, deciduae, interiores villosae.
Folia vix evoluta, inaequaliter serrata ad venas supra ut petioli pilosa,
apice attenuata; petioli apice glandulis binis instructi; stipulae subulato-
lanceolatae, laciniato-fimbriatae, apice glandulosae. Flores fasciculati
vel breviter racemosi fere semper bini; bracteae subrotundatae, 2-3 mm
longae; pedunculi 1-6 mm. longi; pedicelli 12-18 mm. longi, sparsissime
ciliati; calycis tubus tubuloso-ovoideus, 3 mm. longus, glaber, lobis ob-
longis margine pilosellis; petala 10-12 mm. longa, apice emarginata;
stamina numerosa triserialia, glabra; antherae rotundatae; styli staminibus
longiores, glabri; ovarium glabrum.

yusHu: Nagasaki culta, ex Osaka orta 1863, C. J. Mazximowicz.
(type in Herb. Gray, sub nom. P. subhirtella).

The specimens sent to the Gray Herbarium from the herbarium of
the Botanic Gardens of Petrograd consist of three flowering branches;
one being Prunus aequinoctialis var. plena rosea Miyoshi (in Tokyo Bot.
Mag., xxxiv. 165 [1920] ) which is a double-flowered form of P. pendule
Maxim., and two of this variety. This variety resembles the type of
Prunus incisa Thunberg to which Maximowicz has referred it in Bull.
Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. xxrx. 100; in Mél. Biol. x1. 693 [1883] ), but in
the type the pedicels are stouter aoe shorter and the calyx-tube is more
elongated than in this variety.

Prunus macrophylla een & Zuce. var. rae ge Nakai, var. nov.
Prunus macrophylla Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. hee XXIx. 111
(1883); in Mél. Biol. xz. 710 (1883). ase Siebold & Zuccarin

Inflorescentia fere glabra tantum lineolis pilosis notata; <— extus
glaber, lobis margine barbatis; ovarium oblongum vel globosum, apice
acuminatum vel acutum. Fructus globosi, 1 cm. longi.

Kyusuu: Nagasaki, C. J. Maximowicz (type in Herb. Gray).

The typical Prunus macrophylla has a pubescent inflorescence and
oblong pointed fruits. Maximowicz mistook our variety for typical Prunus
macrophylla and considered Pygeum oxycarpum Hance which is typical
P. macrophylla a distinct species, Prunus orycarpum Maxim

Daphniphyllum macropodum Miq. var. Lhuysii a comb. nov.
Tetranthera Lhuysti Carriére in Rey. Hort. 1869, 368, f.

Folia aureo- et albo-variegata.

In hortis cultum.

Turpinia ternata Nakai, ae nov.
Turpinia pomifera Q. nepalensis Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb.
XXIII, 27 (1886): in Mél. Biol, x11. 435 (1886), excl. plantis e China & India;

non Hiern.
a pomifera Ito & Matsumura in Jour. Coll. oh Tokyo, x11. 390
Fl. Lutch. 123) (1899)—Matsumura & Hayata in Jour. Coll. Sci.
Tokyo, xxiI. 98 (Enum. Pl. Formos.) (1906).—Shirasawa, Icon. Ess. For
Jap. um. t. 40, fig. 1-13 (1908). ie Icon. Pl. Formos. 1. 160 (1911).
Non De Cando lle.

1924] NAKAI, LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF EASTERN ASIA 79

Turpinia nepalensis Rehder & Wilson in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 187 (1914),
quoad pl. ex Liukiu—Non Wallich.

Arbor dioica usque 10 m. alta, trunco ambitu 7 dm.; rami glaberrimi.
Folia opposita, ternata vel superiora simplicia, glabra; ectioli 1-9 cm. longi
basi incrassati, teretes; foliola omnia petiolulata, stipitibus 0.5-3 cm.
longis; lamina anguste oblonga vel oblongo-lanceolata, utrinque acuta
vel acuminata, crenato-serrata, basi integra, 5-17 cm. longa et 2.8-6 cm.
lata, infra pallidiora, venis elevatis. Inflorescentia terminalis vel sub-
terminalis, fere glabra, decussato-paniculata; bracteae et bracteolae
parvae, triangulares, deciduae; flores masculi sepalis 5 (4) imbricatis
glabris vel margine ciliatis 1-1.5 mm. longis; petalis 5 (4) oblongo-sub-
spathulatis ochroleucis vel albidis 2-3 mm. longis, staminibus 5 (4), antheris
ovatis albis, pistillis abortivis; flores feminei sepalis 5 (4) oblongis vel
ovato-oblongis 2-3 mm. longis, petalis ochroleucis vel albis 3-4 mm. longis,
staminibus 5 (4), antheris ovatis; ovario globoso vel ovoideo glabro tri-
loculari, stylo unico piloso, stigmatibus 3-4 lobatis. Fructus carnosi,
aurantiaci, oblongo-sphaerici vel ovoidei, fere 1 cm. longa; testa seminum
atro-fusca, nitida.

Kyusnu: mt. Kirishima 30-300 m., prov. Osumi, Z. Tashiro (type);
Isl. Yakushima, EL. H. Wilson, no. 6107.

Lrvxiu: sine loco speciali (common. Yokohama Nursery Co.); Oki-
nawa, Shuri, alt. 0-150 m., LE. H. Wilson, no. 8169.

Formosa: Karenko to So-o prov. Karenko, E. H. Wilson, no. 11072.

rpinia nepalensis Wallich is distinguished from this species by pin-
nate (3-9-foliolate) leaves and more hairy inflorescence. Turpinia pomifera
De Candolle, too, is distinct, for it has pinnate leaves, more vigorous
inflorescence and larger fruits (3-4 cm. in diameter). T'urpinia pomi-
fera is an East Indian plant, and 7. nepalensis is distributed over East
India, Himalaya, Nepal, China, and the Philippines. There is another new
species in China, and one in the Philippine Islands which are described
below.

Turpinia gracilis Nakai, sp.
Planta omnibus partibus ect: rami annotini fusci, hornotini
virides, teretes. Folia 3-4-juga, imparipinnata; foliola terminalia petiolulis
m. longis, lateralia petiolulis 1-6 mm. longis, omnia oblonga vel
ovato-oblonga, apice attenuata, basi acuminata vel acuta, 23-90 cm. longa
8-39 mm. lata, minute crenato-serrata, infra pallidiora; panicula axillaris
vel terminalis ramis gracilibus, 11-23 cm. longa; bracteae et bracteolae
parvae, deciduae; pedicelli 1-1.5 mm. longi; sepala 5, exteriora 2 minora,
late elliptica, interiora rotundata, margine alba, omnia 1.5 mm. longi;
petala oblonga, sepala leviter superantia, vix 2 mm. longa; stamina 5,
petalis fere aequilonga; antheraé rotundatae minimae, biloculares; styli
staminibus breviores vix 1 mm. longi; stigmata subdiscoidea; discus
lobulatus. Bacca purpureo-nigra, 7 mm. lata.

80 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou. v

Cuina. Yunnan: Szemao, A. Henry, nos. 12039 (type), 12039 b,
12039 c.

Turpinia lucida Nakai, sp. nov.

Rami triennes cinereo-castanei lucidi, hornotini et biennes virides.
Folia 1-3-juga imparipinnata, glaberrima; petioli utrinque incrassati;
foliola omnia petiolulata, elliptica, utrique mucronata, cum acumine 10-
15 cm. longa et 5-7 cm. lata, coriacea, supra lucida, margine crenata. In-
florescentia pseudo-terminalis i. e. e gemmis binis in apice ramorum
annotinorum oppositis oriens et perfecte evoluta, dum gemma terminalis
foliifera crescere incipit, glaberrima, decussato-paniculata; bracteae et
bracteolae minimae sub anthesi partim deciduae; flores fusci, suaveo-
lentes (fide M. Adduru); masculi sepalis 5 ovatis vel rotundatis imbricatis
2mm. longis, petalis oblongis 3 mm. longis, staminibus 5 petalis brevioribus,
antheris late ovatis, carpellis 3, basi tantum coalitis, stylis 3 brevibus;
stigmatis punctatis; flores feminei majores, sepalis 3 mm. longis, petalis

mm. longis, staminibus evolutis, ovario apice trilobato, stylis basi
liberis, staminibus aequilongis, stigmatis discoides. Poma 17 mm. lata,
globosa; testa seminum fusca

Puivippines: Is]. Luzon: prov. Cavite, M. Ramos & D. Deroy, no.
22585 (type), 22559; circa Penablanca, prov. Cagayan, M. Adduru, Ar-
nold Arb. Coll., no. 273. Isl. Palawan: mt. Pulgar, prov. Palawan,
A. D. E. Elmer, no. 13122.

Turpinia formosana Nakai, sp.
Turpinia slaey Caren Icon. PI. Forinos, vu. 32 (1919).—Kanehira, For-
mos. Trees, 161 (1918).—Non Seema

Arborea dioica, usque 10 m.; ice ee cinerascens; rami glabri.
Folia opposita, glaberrima, simplicia; petioli 0.5-5 em. longi, utrinque
incrassati, teretes; lamina 5-19 cm. longa et 2-8 cm. lata, crenato-serrata,
apice obtuse acuminata, basi acuta vel rotundato-acuta, supra lucida,
infra pallida, venis elevatis. Inflorescentia terminalis, glaberrima; brac-
teae et bracteolae minimae, caducae; flores masculi sepalis 5 (4) rotundatis
vel oblongis margine ciliolatis 2-3 mm. longis, petalis 5 (4) 3-4 mm. longis
oblongis vel oblongo-spathulatis ochroleucis, staminibus 5, antheris ovatis,
pistillo abortivo; flores feminei ignoti. Fructus globosi, viridi-purpurei,
diametro usque 1.5 cm., triloculares.

Formosa: prov. Taihoku, E. H. Wilson, no. 10130 ae Bankinsing,
A. Henry, no. 434; Arisan, E. H. Wilson, no. 10866, 970

This species is easily distinguished from Turpinia ten by its small
flowers.

Meliosma sinensis Nakai, sp. nov. (§ Pinnatae).
Meliosma Oldhami, Diels in Bot. Jahrb. xx1x. 452 (Fl. Centr. Chin) (1900).—
hee tg nini in Nuov. Giorn. Ital. n. ser. xvi. 173 (1911).—Rehder & Wil-
on in Sargent, PI. Wilson. 11. 506 (1914), pro parte—Non Maximowicz.
i. usque 20 m. alta, trunco diametro circiter 1 m. (fide E. H. Wilson)
rami juveniles fusco-pilosi sed mox glabrescentes et cinerascentes; gemmae

1924) NAKAI, LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF EASTERN ASIA 81

nudae, fusco-tomentosae. Folia ramorum sterilium 4—7-jugo-impari-
pinnata; petioli 5-9 cm. longi axique glabri, teretes; foliola terminalia
ovata vel obovata, petiolulis 1.5-2.0 cm. longis, apice mucronatg-attenuata,
basi acuta, crenato-apiculato-serrata, 11-12 em. longa, supra viridia scab-
erula, infra pallida in axillis venarum primarium fuscescenti-tomentosa;
foliola lateralia ad petiolum versus magnitudine decrescentia, petiolulis
3-5 mm. longis, anguste oblonga vel obovato-oblonga vel ovato-oblonga,
5-11 cm. longa et 3-4.5 cm. lata, costis sursum curvatis, serrulis et pilis
ut in foliolo terminali, folia ramorum floriferorum 2-6-juga imparipinnata;
foliola terminalia petiolulis circiter 1 cm. (0.5-1.2) longis, oblonga vel
lineari-oblonga, apice subito attenuata, basi acuta, margine grosse crenato-
apiculato-serrata, supra viridia parce scaberula, infra pallida in axillis
venarum primarium parce pilosa. Panicula ampla terminalis, basi foliosa;
axes parce pilosi vel subglabri; calyx 1 mm. longa; petala rotundata con-
cava 2 mm. longa, alba; stamina glabra. Bacca nigra, 6-7 mm. longa.

Cuina. Hupeh: Patung Hsien, E. H. Wilson, no. sige (type);
Fang-Hsien, E. H. Wilson, nos. 463, 4602; Chang-Yang Hsien, E. H. Wil-
son, no. 3038; Chang Lo Hsien, E. H. Wilson, no. 3038 bis; Ma-Pau-Scien,
C. Silvestri, no. 3355; sine loco speciali, A. Henry, no. 5863.

Kiangsi: Kuling, £. H. Wilson, no. 1650.

This is nearest to Meliosma Oldhami Miq. but is more glabrous in every
respect. The hairs of the leaves are very remarkable; in M. Oldhami
the lower surface of the leaves are covered by fine hairs throughout and the
axils of the veins are glabrous while in this species the upper surface
of the leaves has very short scabrous hairs and the lower surface has none
except tufts of brownish hairs in the axils of the main veins. Meliosma
Oldhami has also been found in China (near Nanking, prov. Kiang-si,
F. N. Meyer, no. 1452; Lu Shan, N. K. Ip, no. 1109). Meliosma Wal-
lichii was once confused with M. Oldhami by Hemsley, but that species
has thick shining leaves; with the lower surface covered by a rusty tomen-
tum and a rusty tomentose inflorescence.

Edgeworthia Meisn.

Caput pedunculo 9-11 em. longo. Folia infra pilosa. Perigonii tubus 1.5-2 em.
WOE, BOLIOCUN. 4.5 xs ya we ee eee ee eee Oe ub RRR se ban ek E. longipes.
Caput powers 1-2 cm. longo.
Flor
Folia ane plus epee Baa Caput magnum; perigonium extus rie yng
STicelIn, Its Havin. 1 soos eee ae ase asta dos eedcados E. Gar
Folia subtus hee “ Onput minus; perigonium extus Aiea oerbottels
intus cue PEE POCO ETS » Nek are E. albiflora.
Flores prae
Rami robusti ov ramosi, cicatricibus foliorum maximis. Foliainfra pilosa.
magnum; perigonii tubus argenteo-villosus, 3 mm. latus
santha.

E. chrys
Rami graciles, cicatricibus foliorum parvis. Folia infra plus ane pilosa
Caput minus; perigonii tubus 2 mm. latus, extus sericeo-villos
E. Deak

82 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

Edgeworthia longipes Lace in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1914, 380
[Decad. Kew. Lxx. no. 829].
BURMA SUPERIOR.

Edgeworthia Gardneri Meisner in Denkschr. Bot. Ges. Regensb.
111. 280, t. 8 ere in De Candolle Prodr. xiv. 543 (1857).—Hooker f.,
Fl. Brit. Nai v. 195 (1886), excl. syn. E. papyrifera

Daphne Ga ides Wallich in As. Research. xu. 388, te 9 (1820).

roan Sikkim, Suriel, E. H. Wilson, Japoo (Government of India,
Fl]. Assam, no. 11457).

Cuina: Yunnan, sine loco speciali, G. Forrest, no. 9758.

Edgeworthia albiflora Nakai, sp. nov.

Frutex 1-5 m. alta (fide C. K. Schneider et Siméon Ten) trichotome
ramosus; rami graciles fusci, lenticellis obscure sparsim punctati, cicatri-
ces foliorum 1-2 mm. latae. Folia biennia, petiolis 2-10 mm. longis, ob-
lanceolata, integra, 3.5-15 cm. longa et 1-6 cm. lata, apice acuta, basi
attenuata, supra glabra viridia, infra glaucina glabra vel tantum ad costas
pilis adspersa. Caput subterminalis, pedunculo 5-23 mm. longo sericeo;
perigonium 13 mm. longum, extus albo-tomentosum, intus glabrum et fide
Siméon Ten album, lobis 4, late ovatis acutis 3 mm. longis; stamina 8,
biserialia, sessilia; antherae lineari-oblongae, acutae, basi obtusae, 1.5 mm.
longae. Fructus perigonio persistente inclusus supra medium sericeus,
ovoideus, 4 mm. longus; testa seminum nigra.

Cuina. Yunnan: prope Peyentsin, Siméon Ten, no. 19 (type).
Szechuan: inter Paikuo wan et Moso Ying, C. Schneider. no, 661;
circa Te chang, C. Schneider, no. 405

Edgeworthia chrysantha Lindley in Jour. Hort. Soc. Lond. 1. 148
(1846); in Bot. Reg. xxxur. 7 et 48 (1848).—Meisner in De Candolle,
Prodr. xiv. 543 (1857).—Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxvi. 401 (1894).—
Pritzel in a Jahrb. xxrx. 480 (1900).—Rehder in Sargent, Pl. Wilson.
u. 550 (191

ekonerti Gardnert figs ie in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxvi. 396 (1891), excl. syn.
E. papyrifera—Non Mei

CHINA. eee baie, cult., HE. H. Wilson, no. 3555; Veitch
Exped. no. 4100. Kiang-si: Kuling, E. H. Wilson, no. 1582.

Edgeworthia papyrifera Siebold & Zuccarini in Abh. Akad. Muench.
Iv. pt. 3. 199 (FI. Jap. Fam. Nat. 1. 75) (1846).—Miquel in Ann. Mus.
Ludg.-Bat. m1. 135 (1867); Prol. Fl. Jap. 299 (1867).—Franchet & Savatier,
Enum. Pl. Jap. 1. 405 (1875).—Schneider, Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. u.
403 (1909).

ga Hie tomentosa Thunberg in Trans. Linn. Soc. 11. 336 (1794), descript.

Prone si sericea Thunberg, Pl. Jap. Nov. Sp. 8 (1824), nom. nu

Daphne papyrifera Sai in oe Bot. Genootsch. xu. pt. 1, 2 (Syn. Pl.

Oecon. Jap.) (1830), no
a rie chrysantha tai: Ind. Pl. Jap. u. pt. 2, 388 (1912) —Non

Edgeworthia tomentosa Nakai in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xxxut. 206 (1919).

1924] NAKAI, LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF EASTERN ASIA 8$

Kyvsuvu: prov. Osumi, mt. Kirishima, E. H. Wilson, no. 6204; in horto
circa Nagasaki, prov. Hizen, C. S. Sargent.

Honpo: Nikko, cult., J. G. Jack; Sendai, cult., J. G. Jack.

The reason why tomentosa should not be taken up as the oldest specific
name has been stated by Rehder (in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 11. 551 [1916] ).

Elaeagnus kiusiana Nakai, sp. nov.

Elaeagno longipedi affinis sed foliis et floribus argenteo-lepidotis ovario
angustiore exquo statim dignoscenda.

ami biennes stellulis lepidotis atro-fuscis dense obtecti, teretes,

hornotini stellulis argenteis et fuscis mixte obtecti. Folia annua; petioli
2-3 mm. longi, argenteo- vel fusco-lepidoti; lamina oblonga, basi obtusa
vel subtruncata, rarius acuta, apice subito attenuata (sed in laminis
minimis obtusa), supra viridia sparsissime argenteo-lepidota, infra toto
argenteo-lepidota sed adulta saepe sparse lepidota, 1.2-9 cm. longa et
7-39 mm. lata. Flores axillares solitarii in basi ramorum longiorum positi
vel in brevibus fere subterminales; pedicelli argenteo-lepidoti, 4-13 mm.
longi, graciles; ovarium elongato-fusiforme, 3-4 mm. longum, in floribus
masculis abortivum; tubus perigonii 7-8 mm. longus et 3-4 mm. latus,
basi subito contractus, lobi 4, late ovati, 5 mm. longi, extus argenteo-
lepidoti. Florens in mense Maio.

Kyusuv. prov. Buzen, H. Sakurai.

Wendlandia Heyneana Wallich, Cat. no. 6274 (1822), nomen.—
Wight et Arnott, Prodr. Fl. Ind. Or. 1. 406 (1831).
Wendlandia glabrata Hooker f., Fl. dle Ind. 11. be pay ; a syn. W.
sumatrana et Coll.

. laevrigata.—Matsu
Tokyo, xx. 184 (Enum. Pl. Renee) (1906). —Hayata, es on, Pl. Formos.
11. 89 (1912) —Matsumura, Ind. Pl. Jap. m. pt. 2, 596
Livxiu: in silvis Oshima, U. Faurie, no. 4001; el Gonkiwa: circa
Okinawa, E. H. Wilson, no. 8085.
Formosa: South Cape, A. Henry, nos. 672, 924, 931; Kelung, War-
burg, no. 9651; Kushaku, U. Faurie, no. 57; Horisha, EF. ‘A. Wilson, no.

This species has sessile flowers and is different from Wendlandia glabrata
which has pedicellate ternate flowers. The leaves and inflorescence are
more or less minutely velvety pilose (sometimes nearly glabrous). Wend-
landia sumatrana Miquel is near to this species, but has rotundate stipules.
Wendlandia laevigata Miquel is another ally, but it has the leaves and
panicles yellowish pubescent. I have seen four specimens of Philippine
Wendlandia named Wendlandia glabrata. They are all Wendlandia
luzoniensis A. De. Candolle and I doubt whether Wendlandia glabrata
really exists in the Philippine Islands.

ARNOLD ARBORETUM, March, 1924.

84 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou. v

THE RHODODENDRONS OF HUPEH
Ernest H. WILson

The ascent of the Yangtsze River from its mouth to near the city
of Ichang, a distance of nearly one thousand miles, is from the view-
point of scenery an uninteresting journey. The mighty river flows through
a vast alluvial valley created by itself and its tributary streams. Here
and there as round Chinkiang and Kiukiang isolated hills and mountains
jut out like islands in the sea but on the whole the country is rich agri-
cultural land, flat, wearying and monotonous to the traveler, especially
if the journey be made in winter. About forty miles below Ichang the
scenery changes and the country becomes broken and picturesque. Around
the city the hills are strikingly pyramidal in outline with prominent cliffs
in the near distance. North, south and west of Ichang the country is
cut up into an archipelago of peaks from 2000 to 4000 ft. high which are
inextricably linked by spurs with mountain ranges that attain altitudes
of from 7000 to 10000 ft. Such is the configuration of the whole of western
Hupeh and the contiguous part of Szechuan to the eastern edge of the
famed Red Basin. There is no level land in the entire region which is
too wild and savage for extensive agricultural development, and with a
marked absence of useful mineral deposits it is one of the poorest, most
sparsely populated and least known parts of China. For these same reasons
it is of particular interest to the botanist since the vegetation has been less
molested there than in many other parts of that country. But even there
every reasonably accessible bit of land either is, or has been, under culti-
vation though much of the country is of such a nature as to preclude the
growing of crops even with Chinese patience and ingenuity.

Geologically speaking the whole region is made up mainly of Palaeozoic
limestones capped with Mesozoic shales and sandstones, usually red
in color, which weather into sandy clays. From the edge of the Red
Basin of Szechuan to the city of Ichang, the Yangtsze River has forced
its way through mountain ranges and flows through a series of wonderful
gorges whose stupendous almost vertical cliffs are from 1000 to 2000
ft. high. At their lower levels all the small rivers and streams flow through
narrow gorges bound in by steep cliffs. Indeed, bold cliffs are the out-
standing feature of the topography of western Hupeh and the contiguous
part of Szechuan. From the level of the Yangtsze River up to 3000 ft.
altitude traveling is excessively arduous but above this it is not so tiring
though in truth it is difficult enough. Where not under cultivation the
hills and lower mountains are partly covered with woods of miscellaneous
broadleaf trees, both evergreen and deciduous, with a great variety of
sbrubs and climbing plants on their margins and in the open country.
Below 4000 ft. such Conifers as Pinus Massoniana Lamb., Cupressus
funebris Endl., Cunninghamia lanceolata Hook. and Keteleerta Davidiana
Beissn. are common. Above 6000 ft. Pinus sinensis Lamb. and P. Armandi

1924] WILSON, THE RHODODENDRONS OF HUPEH 85

Franch. are common and the broadleaf trees are nearly all deciduous.
At 8000 ft. and upwards the wooded regions are more extensive and several
species of Fir and Spruce form fine forests. The open country above this
altitude is clothed with Bamboos, a great variety of shrubs, coarse herbs
and Juniperus squamata Lamb. but nowhere in this part of China can
the vegetation be called alpine in character.

Below an altitude of 3000 ft. no broadleaf evergreen Rhododendron
is found though the red-flowered R. Simsii Planch. belonging to the Azalea
group abounds and in season the countryside is ablaze with its blossoms
of intense color. On conglomerate rocks near Ichang the yellow-flowered
R. molle G. Don grows sparingly. In rocky places among shrubs the
lilac-flowered R. Mariesii Hemsl. & Wils. is found at elevations between
1000 and 3000 ft. In wet sheltered glens among a rich growth of ever-
green broadleaf shrubs R. pittosporaefolium Hemsl. occurs as an occasional
bush at altitudes between 3500 and 5000 ft. but is nowhere a common
plant. It is in the copses and woods above 4000 ft. that evergreen
broadleaf Rhododendrons grow in Hupeh. They increase in number as
the altitude increases and are common between 6000 and 10000 ft. though
never so abundant as they are in western Szechuan where they dominate
the higher forests and form magnificent belts of color. In the woods and
copses of Hupeh among broadleaf deciduous and evergreen trees they grow
as scattered bushes or in small groups whereas in the coniferous forests
they are a most important undergrowth often forming dense thickets.
Above 8000 ft. Rhododendrons grow in more open country among other
shrubs, and in rocky places where there are no trees to give it overhead
shade R. Fargesii Franch. in pure stands often covers large areas.

I never met with R. sutchwenense Franch., R. auriculatum Hemsl., R.
discolor Franch. or R. Houlstonti Hemsl. & Wils. elsewhere than in woods
and forests but the other species often grow in places where they do not
receive the overhead shelter of trees. Indeed, R. Augustinii Hemsl., R
ovatum Planch. and R. micranthum Turcz. grow best on the edge of woods
and on cliffs where they get almost complete exposure and are never found
within the full shade of wood or forest. R. Wilsonae Hemsl. & Wils. likes
the companionship of deciduous shrubs and small trees but not that of
evergreens, be they broadleaf or coniferous. Woods in which Oaks are
the dominant trees are a feature of the vegetation of Hupeh and it is in
these that the Rhododendrons which do not grow above 7500 ft. altitude
are most found, luxuriating in the thick layer of humus which covers the
forest floor.

The most widely distributed of the endemic species are R. hypoglaucum
Hemsl., R. sutchuenense Franch., R. maculiferum Franch. and R. discolor
Franch. Very local is R. auriculatum Hemsl., known only from a few locali-
ties and in these quite rare. R. sutchuenense Franch. is found at the lowest
altitudes of any of the evergreen broadleaf species and it is the first to
open its blossoms; R. maculiferum Franch. and R. Fargesii Franch. grow

86 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

at higher elevations than other Hupeh Rhododendrons and next to them
in this respect comes R. adenopodum Franch. No small-leaved Rhododen-
dron of the class which covers so many hundreds of square miles of the
Chino-Thibetan borderland has been discovered in western Hupeh or
eastern Szechuan, neither can Rhododendrons be termed a dominant
feature of the vegetation in these parts of China. They are, however, a
fairly common and strikingly beautiful element of the flora.

Of the eighteen species nine are not known to grow elsewhere though
one (R. hypoglaucum Hemsl.) is very closely related to a species indigenous
in western Szechuan, and another (R. Houlstonii Hemsl. & Wils.) is very
close of kin to R. Fortune Lindl. of eastern China. R. Augustinii Hemsl.
grows also in western Szechuan where it is rather rare and so, too, does
R. pittosporaefolium Hemsl. which has also been found in Hunan province.
Quite recently R. Wilsonae Hemsl. & Wils. has been found on the moun-
tains of northern Kwangtung. Of the remaining six species, three (R.
ovatum Planch., R. Mariesti Hemsl. & Wils. and R. molle G. Don) have
their headquarters in eastern China and their western limits of distribution
in Hupeh. One (R. micranthum Turcz.) is a wide-spread species in north
China, Manchuria and Korea which has its southern limits in Hupeh;
another (R. yanthinum Bur. & Franch.) is a western species with its eastern
limits in Hupeh. The remaining species (R. Simsii Planch.) is universally
distributed through all the warm temperate parts of China.

The first of the endemic species was discovered about 1886 by A.
Henry who altogether brought five new species to our knowledge though
one was not recognized until 1910. Pére P. Farges in the neighborhood
of Tchen-keou-ting discovered between 1891 and 1894 six new species.
In 1900 I added R. Wilsonae Hemsl. & Wils. to the list. One species (R.
Augustinii Hems!l.) was first introduced into cultivation by Pére P. Farges
who sent seeds to M. Maurice de Vilmorin in 1899. With the exception of
R. detersile Franch. all the other species of the region were introduced into
cultivation (twelve for the first time) by myself during 1900, 1901 and 1907
through seeds sent to Messrs. Veitch and to the Arnold Arboretum; also
the stock of R. Augustinii Hemsl. in British and American gardens is from
seeds collected by me. All the introduced species have flowered in Britain
where they have proved as hardy as the rank and file of evergreen Rhodo-
dendrons, but in the Arnold Arboretum only one (R. micranthum Turcz.)
will grow out-of-doors. Though comparatively few in number these
Hupeh species are an important unit; several are in the front rank of the
genus. The blue-flowered form of R. Augustinii Hemsl. is one of the most
remarkable of Rhododendron and R. auriculatum Hemsl. is unique as the
last of its race to open its flowers in summer. Late-flowering and beautiful
is R. discolor Franch. and R. Fargesii Franch. is of its class one of the loveli-
est

KEY TO THE SUBGENERA

Shrubs or trees with persistent, rarely deciduous, glabrous, lepidote or tomentose
leaves; stamens 5-20; ovary glabrous, lepidote or tomentose, never setose,

1924] WILSON, THE RHODODENDRONS OF HUPEH 87

metimes more i 5-celled; corolla 5, 7 or 9-lobed; flowers terminal, rarely
feria AOA otters nee nn tis caren eee oe ete nes I. Eurhododendron.
Shrubs with Ronee ne or deciduous. non-lepidote leaves; ovary glabrous or tomen-
tose, never setose or lepidote; corolla rotate, subro tate or funnelform-campanu-
late; stamens 5 or 10; flowers lateral, solitary or in fascicles of 2 or more
II. Azale astrum.
pu or small trees with deciduous, or persistent, strigose or villose, sometim
glabrous but never lepidote leaves; corolla funnelform to rotate, rarely campan-
late; stamens 5-10; ovary usually strigose, rarely glabrous, never lepidot
flowers terminal...............--cceececececsccucceeees IIT. Dae.

Suscen. I. EURHODODENDRON ENnp..

sree ag subgen. Eurhododendron Endlicher, Gen. Pl. 759

(1839), e ed.

gi ieaion sect. 1. Ponticum G. Don, Gen. Syst. 11. 843 (1834), including
sections 1, m1 and Iv.

Rhododendron sect. 111. Eurhododendron De Candolle, Prodr. vi. 721 (1839),
including sections 1, 11 and Iv.

KEY TO THE SECTIONS

Leaves persistent, glabrous or tomentose beneath, never lepidote; ovary glabrous,
aoe or tomentose, never scaly; stamens 10 to 20; flowers aes from a

RCE I ote cede he op cis ase HI RARER ae a eke wore etorhodium,
Leaves ane Pe more or less pet Ms pede glands; corolla rotate, cam-
panulate or funnelfor rm; stam 10; ovary lepidote; flowers several from a

terminal bud, rarely from tl and fitatal clustered buds. . .2. Lepipherum.

Sect. 1. Leiorhodium Reup.

Rhododendron is Leiorhodium Rehder in Bailey, Stand. Cycl.
Hort. v. 2937 (191
Rhododendron se Eurhododendron Maximowicz in Mém. Acad. Sci. St.
Pétersb. sér. 7, xvi. no. 9, 14 (Rhod. As. Or.) (1870) ).—Not irdlicher

KEY TO THE SPECIES
se pe 5-lobed.
Leaves bei on both surfaces.

ee ade except midrib below.
Calyx ann PIADPOUN Re ee coe teen eeeh eas R. sutchuenense.
=i ee a Cat: Saar eae ag a a co R. macultferum.
ea cane apa with ioe floccose tomentum on the under surface.
3. R. detersile.

Leaves pale gray or dun-colored on under surfac
Indumentum uniform, firm, crustaceous; calyx ono with 5 minute, erect

PON. <5 2ins oo eee eee ee Cae naa Reker ae na ks hypoglaucum.
eee not uniform, floccose and crustaceous; calyx so cambasee
5 prominent reflexed fay a: Rare eh eee. 5. R. adenopodum.

Corolla 7 Uke od.
ves glabrous; petiole purplish, glabrou
‘Calyx annular, obscurely toothed: Seals glandular.

Flowers umbe ae PE ee ee ee ee 6. R. Fargestt.
Flowers raceindse. odin au vee Pee eee Oe eee es 7. R. Houlstonit.
Calyx saucer-shape, membranous with undulate teeth; pedicels not ued
lat Or VEVy TAPCLY 80.4 b ac Se et ek ee ok oe ee eed color.

Leaves hairy; pe ticle bearded, glandular oc siicie ives cess 0. A tina ain.

88 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

Rhododendron sutchuenense Franchet in Jour. de Bot. rx. $92
(1895).—Hemsley & Wilson in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1910, 112.—Hem-
sley in Bot. Mag. cxxxvi. t. 8362 (1911).—Schneider, Il]. Handb. Laub-
holzk. 1. 1045, fig. 615, f-g (1912).—Rehder & Wilson in Sargent, PI.
Wilson. 1. 544 (1913).—Bean, Trees & Shrubs Brit. Isles, 1. 382 (1914).—
Rehder in Bailey, Stand. Cycl. Hort. v. 2940 (1916).—P. D. Williams in
Rhod. Soc. Not. 1. 39 (1916).—Millais, Rhodod. 249, t. facing p. 16
(1917).—McDouall in Gard. Chron. ser. 3, Lxvit. 172 (1920); Lxx1. 227,
fig. 118 (1922) —Mottet in Rev. Hort. 1922, 150, fig. 50, t.—S. W. P. in
Garden, Lxxxvu.. 159, fig. (1923).—Osborn in Gard. Chron. ser. 3, LXXIII.
171, fig. 78 (1923); in Garden, Lxxxvit. 523, fig. (1923).

Rhododendron praevernum Hutchinson in Gard. Chron. ser. 3, LXVII. 127
(1920).—Garden, Lxxxiv. 115, fig. (1920).—Armytage Moore in Rhod.
Soc. Not. 1. 77 (1922).—Osborn in Gard. Chron. ser. 3, LXx11I. 159, fig.
74 (1923); in Garden, Lxxxvit. 521, fig. (1923).

Bush from 3 to 8 m. tall with many stout, ascending-spreading branches
clothed when young with a gray scurf; winterbuds stout, subglobose to
broadly ovoid, glabrous. Leaves tufted, coriaceous, oblong-oblanceolate,
without petiole 10-25 cm. long, 3-7.5 cm. wide, rounded, apiculate, base
cuneate, upper surface dark green, lower pale green, glabrous except the
midrib on lower surface which is clad more or less densely with pale gray,
floccose tomentum; petiole stout, flattened, 1-3 cm. long, often slightly
wingcd. Flowers from 10 to 20 in a terminal, dense, umbellate raceme;
rhachis 1-2.5 cm. long, pedicels stout, ascending-spreading, 1-2.5 cm.
long, glabrous; calyx oblique, annular, minutely toothed, glabrous;
corolla 5-lobed, pink to rosy lilac, campanulate, 5-7.5 cm. deep, 6-8 em.
wide, lower part of tube pubescent within blotched or spotted with dark
red-purple on the posterior part, lobes broad, spreading, rounded, emar-
ginate; stamens 14-18, of unequal length, shorter than corolla, filaments
flattened, lower third puberulous, anthers oval, very dark; pistil glabrous,
overtopping stamens but shorter than corolla, ovary ovoid, style stout,
thickened upward, slightly curved; stigma red, capitate. Fruit brownish
purple, oblique, oblong, 3-4 cm. long, 1-1.5 cm. wide, furrowed; seed shin-
ing brown, flattened, oblong, 5 mm. long, with prominent wing.

This is the most arborescent of the Hupeh species and is well distin-
guished by its stout branches, its large leaves, glabrous except the midrib
on the lower surface, its many-flowered umbellate inflorescence and by
its bell-shaped, 5-lobed corolla. It is a noble Rhododendron, wide-spread
in western Hupeh and eastern Szechuan and common between elevations
of from 4500 to 7600 ft. It is always found in mixed woods often growing
under the shade of evergreen Oaks and among Arundinaria nitida Mitford
and other thin-stemmed Bamboos. In fact it shares with R. auriculatum
Hemsl. a greater love for shade than other Hupeh Rhododendrons. The
leaves are tufted at the end of the branches, large, dark green often
attenuate at the base and though the habit of growth is splendid the

1924] WILSON, THE RHODODENDRONS OF HUPEH 89

plants look best when seen from above. The flowers are large, very
numerous and crowded into a dense rounded truss, the color varies from
pale to rose-pink and rosy lilac and the interior of the corolla may be
spotted or blotched with maroon or red-purple. At the lowest altitudinal
level at which it grows wild the flowers open early in April before the
snow has finally disappeared. Higher up on the mountains the flowering
is delayed until May but this species is the earliest of its class to open its
flowers. This was the first Rhododendron I saw in Hupeh and it was in
bloom on April 9, 1900.

Rhododendron sutchuenense was discovered by A. Henry in 1888 but
was named from specimens gathered by Pére P. Farges round Tchen-
keou-ting between 1891 and 1894. It was introduced into cultivation by
seeds (No. 517) collected by me in the autumn of 1900 and again (No.
1232) in that of 1901; these were sent to Messrs. Veitch. In 1907, I sent a
large supply of seeds (No. 509) to the Arnold Arboretum and these were
widely distributed. This Rhododendron flowered first in the Coombe
Wood nursery in 1910 when the plants were quite small. It has now
flowered freely in many gardens and has proved hardy in Great Britain.

Among the many plants that have flowered slight variation in the
shape of the leaf-base, in degree of pubescence dn the midrib, in the color
of flowers and in the degree of spotting within the corolla-tube have been
observed. Such individual differences must be expected when a species
is raised in large quantities from seeds. For garden purposes it is conveni-
ent to distinguish such forms but it is well to remember that they have
horticultural rather than botanical significance. In establishing this species
Franchet did not mention the color of the flowers, that figured in the
Botanical Magazine without a blotch in the corolla-tube may serve as the
type though, as a matter of fact, in a wild state this is less common than
the form with a wine-colored blotch which has been distinguished as:—

Rhododendron sutchuenense var. Geraldii Hutchinson in Gard. Chron.
ser. 3, LXviI. 128 (1920).

e R. praevernum Hutchinson belongs here though its author would
have us regard it as a distinct species on account of its glabrous midrib,
narrow leaf-base and flowers of a slightly different color. These differences
are in themselves trivial and, moreover, inconstant.

According to Millais (Rhodod. 250) this species has been crossed with
several Garden Rhododendrons at Caerhays Castle. No doubt this has
been done in many other gardens, and oe is a hybrid of this species
with Rhododendron “‘Cornubia”’ name

Rhododendron cornsutch Magor in Rhod. Soc. Not. 11. 120 (1922).

Rhododendron maculiferum Franchet in Jour. de Bot. 1x. 393
(1895).—Hemsley & Wilson in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1910, 107.—
Rehder & Wilson in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 531 (1913).—Millais, Rhodod.
205, fig. facing p. 24 (1917).

90 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou v

Bush from 1-7 m. tall (usually from $ to 5 m.), wide-branching, the
branches moderately stout, with or without a gray scurfy covering when
young; winter-buds ovoid with glandular, ciliolate scales. Leaves coria-
ceous, glabrous, elliptic to oblong, sometimes broadest above the middle,
without petiole 5-12 cm. long, 2.5-5.5 cm. wide, rounded, apiculate,
base rounded or slightly subcordate, rarely oblique, upper surface dark
green, lower pale green, midrib stout, prominent and clothed with floccose
gray tomentum on lower surface; petiole stout, 1-2.5 cm. long, glabrescent.
Flowers 6-12 in a terminal umbellate raceme; rhachis 1.5-3.5 cm. long
and with pedicels densely clothed with rufous-gray villose hairs; pedicels
ascending-spreading, 1-2.5 em. long; calyx villose, saucer-shaped, with
5 small, unequal triangular teeth; corolla 5-lobed, white or pale pink with
posterior blotch or spots of maroon near base, campanulate, 2.5-4.5 cm.
deep and broad, lobes short, spreading, rounded, often emarginate;
stamens 10, of unequal length, shorter than corolla, filaments flattened,
slightly villose at base, anthers oval, very dark; pistil as long as corolla,
ovary narrow-ovoid, clothed with rufous-gray villose pubescence, style
reddish, filiform, stigma capitate.

This species is distinguished by the shape of its ample leaves, the
midrib on the under surface broad and covered with floccose hairs, and by
its villose rhachis, pedicel and ovary. The bell-shaped flowers are arranged
in compact rounded trusses which terminate every shoot. It is a wood-
land plant, wide-spread and common between elevations of from 5000 to
10000 ft. throughout western Hupeh and contiguous Szechuan. It is
most abundant in forests of Abies Fargesti Franch. associated with Arun-
dinaria Murielae Gamble, above 8000 ft. altitude in Fang district. It is
indeed a high-level species and with R. Fargesii Franch. is found at
greater altitudes than any other Rhododendron in Hupeh. In a wild
state it is in flower from mid-May until mid-June. Usually it is a bush
from 8 to 15 ft. tall and broad but I once saw it 30 ft. high with a trunk
2 ft. in girth being quite tree-like in appearance.

This Rhododendron was discovered round Tchen-keou-ting by Pére
P. Farges sometime between 1891 and 1894; it was introduced into culti-
vation by seeds (No. 944) which I collected in the district of Changyang
in December, 1900, and sent to Messrs. Veitch. All the plants in cultiva-
tion are of this origin. It flowered for the first time in gardens at Caerhays
Castle. In Cornwall it flowers in late March and early April but in colder
districts it will be found to blossom later. It is a hardy, sturdy species of
good habit and abundant foliage. Though not one of the finest it is a very
floriferous Rhododendron possessed of much quiet charm.

Rhododendron detersile Franchet in Jour. de Bot. x11. 260 (1898).—
Millais, Rhodod. 154 (1917).

Bush about 1 m. tall, much branched, the branches clothed with rufous,
floccose tomentum, when young, soon glabrous. Leaves lanceolate,

1924] WILSON, THE RHODODENDRONS OF HUPEH 91

without petiole 4-6 cm. long, base truncate, apex obtuse with thickened
mucro, margins revolute, upper surface smooth, lower clad with rufous
floccose tomentum; petiole 0.3-0.4 cm. long, woolly. Flowers from 4 to
8 in a terminal cluster, pedicels 1.2—-1.8 cm. long, clothed with pilose woolly
hairs, calyx membranous, yellowish, lobes ovate-lanceolate, 0.3-0.4 cm.
long, acute; corolla 5-lobed, pink, campanulate, about 3 cm. long, pubes-
cent within on lower part, elsewhere glabrous; stamens 10, included,
filaments pilose below; ovary glandular-pilose, style clad with long hairs
near base. Fruit 1.2 cm. long, clothed with glandular and rufous pubes-
cence.

This species was discovered near Touan-tchen in the district of Taning
Hsien at an altitude of 2500 m. by Pére P. Farges. Franchet states that
it belongs to the same group as R. Edgeworthii Hook. f. and is distinguished
by the smooth upper surface of the small leaves, by its rufous floccose
tomentum which soon disappears and by the shape of its well-developed
calyx. It is not in cultivation and is quite unknown to me.

Rhododendron hypoglaucum Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxvi. 25
(1889).—Diels in Bot. Jahrb. xxrx. 512 (1910).—Bean in Flora & Sylva,
ur. 164 (1905); Trees & Shrubs Brit. Isles, 1. 361 (1914).—Hemsley &
Wilson in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1910, 111.—Pampanini in Nuov. Giorn.
Bot. Ital. n. ser. xvi. 683 (1910).—Rehder & Wilson in Sargent, PI.
Wilson. 1. 527 (1913).—Hutchinson in Bot. Mag. cx1it. t. 8649 (1916).—
Millais, Rhodod. 188 (1917).

Rhododendron gracilipes Franchet in Jour. de Bot. rx. 391 (1895). —Hutchinson

in Millais, Rhodod. 174 (1917).
Rhododendron chionophyllum Diels in Bot. Jahrb. xxrx. 512 (1900).—
Hutchinson in Millais, Rhodod. 143 (1917).

Bush from 1.5 to 5 m. tall with the first year branches bright green,
later pale gray; oe elongate, acute, glabrous, the bud-scales
finely ciliolate. Leaves coriaceous, rigid, oblong-elliptic to oblong-oblanceo-
late, without ee eo 12 cm. long, 2-4.5 em. wide, acute, mucronate,
base narrowed often cuneate, upper surface lustrous green with impressed
midrib, lower completely covered with a white crustaceous indumentum;
petiole stout, 1.5-2.5 cm. long, glabrous. Flowers 4 to 10 or more in an
umbellate raceme; rhachis 1-2.5 cm. long; pedicels slender, 1-3.5 cm. long,
pubescent and slightly glandular or glabrous; calyx minute, 5 5-toothed, gla-
brous or sparsely glandular pubescent, teeth often glandular-ciliolate; co-
rolla 5-lobed, pink or white, funnelform, 3-4.5 cm. long, 3.5-5 cm. wide,
the posterior part spotted with rose-color, sometimes sparsely pubescent
near base within, lobes rounded; stamens usually 10, of unequal length,
shorter than the corolla, filaments slightly pubescent near base, anthers
rose-color; pistil slightly exserted, ovary narrow-ovoid, furrowed, glabrous
or puberulous and glandular, style filiform, glabrous, stigma capitate,
lobed. Fruit oblong-cylindric, 1-1.5 cm. long, 0.3-0.4 cm. wide, curved,
furrowed, slightly verruculose; seed dark brown, 1-2 mm. long, oval,
slightly compressed, wing minute.

92 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

This is well-distinguished from other Hupeh species by the white
crustaceous covering on the under surface of the leaves. It is a very
common species in western Hupeh between 4500 and 7000 ft. altitude and
it grows in eastern Szechuan where it was found by Pére P. Farges round
Tchen-keou-ting in the northeast and by A. von Rosthorn near Nan-
ch’uan Hsien in the southeast. Though it skirts it does not cross the
Red Basin but is represented in western Szechuan by the closely related
R. argyrophyllum Franchet. In many places R. hypoglaucum is very abund-
ant, scattered through thin woods or at its altitudinal limits growing in
open country among rocks. It is a much-branched plant of good habit
sometimes 20 ft. tall and as much in diameter and is very floriferous with
rather small flowers in a compact truss. Both white and pink-flowered
forms grow wild being in fact equally common. The flowers open in May,
are broader than deep and the corolla is narrowed abruptly to the base.
The ovary and flower-stalks vary from glabrous to pubescent and glandular
and the latter vary considerably in length.

This Rhododendron was first discovered in 1886 by A. Henry in the
district of Patung and introduced into cultivation by seeds (No. 752)
which I sent to Messrs. Veitch in the autumn of 1900. It first flowered
under cultivation at Caerhays Castle in May, 1915, and was figured in
the Botanical Magazine though the drawing is not very accurate. In a
wild state the plants bloom from near the end of April until the end of
May according to altitude.

The color of Hemsley’s type is not given but for convenience’s sake the
form with white flowers may be distinguished as:—

Rhododendron hypoglaucum f. album Wilson, n. forma.

Rhododendron adenopodum Franchet in Jour. de Bot. 1x. 891
(1895).—Bean in Gard. Chron. ser. 3, xLv. 291, fig. 125 (1909); in Kew
Bull. Misc. Inform. 1914, 382; Trees & Shrubs Brit. Isles, 11. 340 (1914).—
Millais, Rhodod. 110 (1917).—J. C. Williams in Rhod. Soc. Not. 1. 182
(1917).—Balfour f. in Rhod. Soc. Not. 1. 148 (1917).

Bush from 1 to 4 m. tall with branches the first year more or less
sparsely clothed with pale gray appressed tomentum through which are
scattered glistening lepidote glands; winterbuds viscid, the lower bud-
scales lanceolate and woolly. Leaves oblong-oblanceolate to oblong,
without petiole 8-20 cm. long, 2-5 cm. wide, apex acute and mucronate;
base usually narrowed, glabrous, shining green above, under surface
densely covered with close, felted, gray to dun-colored tomentum; petiole
stout, 1.5-2.5 cm. long, floccose, often glandular. Flowers 6 to 10 or
more in an umbellate raceme; rhachis 2-3.5 cm. long; pedicels 2-4 cm. long,
erect-spreading, densely stipitately glandular; calyx membranous, per-
sistent, reflexed, lobes lanceolate to ovate, about 5 mm. long, acute vil-
ose and glandular without; corolla 5-lobed, pink, broad-funnelform, 4—6.5
em. long and broad, the posterior part within spotted with maroon, slightly

1924] WILSON, THE RHODODENDRONS OF HUPEH 93

villose near base, lobes rounded; stamens 10, of unequal length, shorter
than corolla, filaments flattened, villose in lower part, anthers pale; pistil
as long or nearly as long as the corolla, ovary ovoid, densely hispid, glandu-
lar, style curved, glabrous, stigma capitate, lobed. Fruit oblong-cylindric,
1.5 cm. long, 0.7 cm. wide, terete, setose, glandular; seed dark brown,
narrow-ovoid, 1.5-2 mm. long, angular, acute, wing minute.

This species is easily recognized by the floccose gray to dun-colored
tomentum on the under surface of the leaves, by its villose and glandular
pedicels, its membranous reflexed calyx and by its oblong-cylindric hispid
and glandular fruit. It was discovered in the neighborhood of Tchen-
keou-ting, a district in the extreme northeastern Szechuan, by Pére P.
Farges. In Hupeh this Rhododendron is quite rare and is not known to
grow south of the Yangtsze River. It is only known to me from two or
three localities in the Hsing-shan district where it grows in thin woods
among rocks between 5000 and 7000 ft. altitude. I first found it in flower
in mid-May, 1900, and gathered herbarium specimens (No. 1161); in
October of the same year I collected seeds (No. 505) and sent them to
Messrs. Veitch. This was the first introduction of this Rhododendron
into Europe and the plants in English gardens are all from this source.
In 1901 Pére Farges sent seeds to M. Maurice de Vilmorin at Les Barres
where a plant grown in a pot in an unheated greenhouse flowered in 1909
for the first time in cultivation. Since then this Rhododendron has flowered
at Caerhays, at Kew, and elsewhere. In a wild state this species blossoms
during late April and May at the first burst of spring and not infrequently
its flowers suffer from late frosts. The habit of this plant is somewhat
ungainly, being tall and rather sparingly branched; the flower truss is loose
and the color of the corolla varies from pale to rose-pink. The lustrous
green upper surface and the gray under surface of the leaves form a pleasing
contrast. It is very distinct from other Rhododendrons of central China
and amongst the older and better known species reminds one of R. Smir-
novit Trautv. native of the Caucasus Mountains.

Rhododendron Fargesii Franchet in Jour. de Bot. rx. 390 (1895).—
Bois in Jour. Soc. Hort. France, ser. 4, 1. 217, fig. 24 (1900).—Hemsley &
Wilson in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1910, 109.—Watson in Gard. Chron.
ser. 3, LI. 252 (1912).—Raffill in Gard. Chron. ser. 3, Lit. 4, fig. 4 (1912).—
Rehder & Wilson in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 540 (1913).—Bean, Trees &
Shrubs Brit. Isles, 1. 354 (1914); in Gard. Chron. ser. 3, LxxI. 239, fig.
125 (1922).—Hutchinson in Bot. Mag. cxxut. t. 8736 (1917).—Millais,
Rhodod. 162, fig. facing p. 246 (1917), excluding reference to Forrest’s
Yunnan plant—Garden, Lxxxiv. 403, fig. (1920)—Magor in Gard.
Chron. ser. 3, LxxI. 42, fig. 21 (1922).

Bush from 1 to 6 m. tall with many moderately thick, glabrous
branches, often bloomy purple the first year; winterbuds ovoid to sub-
globose, glabrous. Leaves tufted, coriaceous, glabrous, elliptic to oblong-

94 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

elliptic, without petiole 3-10 cm. long, 1.5-4.5 cm. wide, rounded, mucron-
ate, base abruptly rounded, truncate or sub-cordate, upper surface dark
green, lower pallid; petiole purplish, 1-3 cm. long. Flowers 6-12 in a ter-
minal umbellate cluster; pedicel 1-2.5 cm. long, stipitate-glandular;
calyx annular, obscurely lobed, glandular; corolla 7-lobed, pink to rose-
red, sometimes white, spotted with rose-red on posterior segment, wide-
funnelform, 3-6 cm. deep, 4-7 cm. wide, lobes short, rounded, spreading;
stamens about 14, of unequal length, shorter than corolla, filaments glab-
rous, anthers dark, oval; pistil nearly as long as corolla, ovary ovoid,
glandular, style reddish, curved, glabrous, stigma capitate, lobed.

This beautiful species is easily recognized among other Hupeh Rhodo-
dendrons by the shape and relatively small size of its leaves, by its compact
umbellate inflorescence and by its glandular pedicels and ovary. It
grows wild on the high mountains of northwestern Hupeh and contiguous
Szechuan and is not known to grow elsewhere, for the statement by
Millais that Forrest found this species in Yunnan is erroneous. Pére
Farges reports it from a calcareous region but I never saw it growing
either in or on limestone. Its altitudinal range is from 6500 to 9500 ft.
though it is most plentiful round about elevations of 8000 ft. At the
lowest level of its distribution this plant grows in mixed woods, higher
up it is common in forests of Abies Fargesiti Franch., Pinus Armandi
Franch. and Picea Wilsonii Mast., Populus tremula var. Davidiana Schneid.,
Betula albo-sinensis Burkill and other trees. Above the level of forests
it is abundant among shrubs and on the fully exposed slopes and mountain
tops often forms extensive thickets. It is usually a bush from 6 to 10
ft. high and broad but often it is double these dimensions. The habit
is good though the foliage is rather sparse and being small exposes clearly
the polished branches. The flowers vary in color from pale-pink to rose-
red, occasionally they are white and more or less dotted with rose-color.
The plant is exceedingly floriferous, every shoot terminating in a dense
rounded truss of flowers. So abundantly does it blossom that the bushes
frequently exhaust themselves and die. The flowers open from the middle
of May until the beginning of June often while snow still lays in shaded
places.

This Rhododendron was discovered between 1891 and 1894 by Pére
P. Farges near the village of San-ken-cheou in the district of Taning in
eastern Szechuan. It was found by me in Fang district in western Hupeh
and introduced into cultivation by means of seeds (No. 1250) sent to
Messrs. Veitch in the autumn of 1901. All the plants in gardens are
from this source. It first flowered in Cornwall at Caerhays Castle in
March, 1911, and about the same time in the garden of Mr. P. D. Williams
at Lanarth.

Though not so valuable to gardens as the late-flowering R. auriculatum
Hemsl. or R. discolor Franch. this Rhododendron is my favorite among

1924] WILSON, THE RHODODENDRONS OF HUPEH 95

the Hupeh species. Its foliage and habit of growth, exuberance of blossoms,
compact trusses and the cheery color of its flowers are pleasing qualities
dear to me. It won my affection the first time I saw it capping a wind-
wept ridge in May, 1901 and has held it ever since.

According to Millais this species has been crossed at Leonardslea with
a blood-red form of R. arboreum Smith.

The form with white flowers spotted with rose-red may be distinguished

Rhododendron Fargesii f. album Wilson, n. forma.

Rhododendron Houlstonii Hemsley & Wilson in Kew Bull. Misc.
Inform. 1910, 110.—Bean, Trees & Shrubs Brit. Isles, mu. 361 (1914); in
Rhod. Soc. Not. 1. 189 (1918).—Magor in Rhod. Soc. Not. 11. 120 (1922).

Rhododendron Fortunet var. Houlstonit Rehder & Wilson in Sargent, PI.

Wilson. 1. 541 (1913).—Millais, Rhodod. 169 (1917).

Bush from 2 to 4 m. tall, wide-branching, with many moderately
stout stems, glabrous, often reddish and bloomy the first year; winter-
buds ovoid, glabrous or puberulous. Leaves coriaceous, glabrous, oblong-
oblanceolate to elliptic-oblong, without petiole 7.5-15 cm. long, 2.5—4 cm.
wide, rounded, short apiculate, base rounded or cuneate, sometimes
oblique, dark green above, under surface pallid; petiole purplish, 1.5-2.5
cm. Jong. Flowers from 6 to 10 or more in a terminal umbellate raceme;
rhachis 2-6 cm. long, glabrous; pedicel ascending-spreading, 2-4 cm.
long, sparsely and densely glandular often stipitately so; calyx oblique,
annular, minutely toothed, sparsely glandular; corolla 7-lobed, oblique
in bud, pink, wide-funnelform, 4-6 cm. deep, 5-8 cm. wide, often with a
few faint lines of mixed green and dull crimson on the posterior part,
lobes erect-spreading, rounded or truncate; stamens 14, unequal in length,
shorter than corolla, filaments pale, flattened, quite glabrous, anthers
oval; pistil over-topping stamens, as long or nearly as long as the corolla,
glandular, ovary ovoid, style greenish, stout, curved in upper part, stigma
capitate. Fruit bloomy purple, oblong, 2.5-3 cm. long, 0.8 cm. wide,
furrowed, smooth or glandular; seed shining pale brown, flattened, oblong,
0.4-0.6 cm. long, surrounded by a prominent wing.

A very beautiful species distinguished by its foliage, by its glandular
pedicels, its nearly obsolete calyx and by its wide-funnelform nearly
bell-shaped corolla with relatively short ascending-spreading lobes. It is a
critical species closely related to R. Fortuneit Lindl. and to R. discolor
Franch. but flowers three weeks earlier than the former and six weeks
earlier than the latter. Though nowhere common it is widespread in Hupeh
and eastern Szechuan growing in mixed woods at elevation of from 4600
to 7000 ft. It is usually a shrub from 6 to 10 ft. tall and broad and I have
not seen plants exceeding dimensions of 15 ft. The habit is compact and
fairly dense and the trusses of flowers are borne well above the foliage.
In color the flowers are most pleasing shades of pink and the marking
when present is inconspicuous. The glands on the pedicels and pistil

96 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [von v

may be sessile or stalked or both, and very numerous or sparse. The rank
this plant is entitled to has puzzled me greatly but on the whole in the
present state of our knowledge I think it is best considered as a distinct
species. In habit of growth, in foliage and in form of inflorescence and
in the color of its flowers I regard this as one of the prettiest of the Hupeh
species. In a wild state the blossoms open in late April or early May
and there is a danger in gardens of its flowers being injured by late frosts.
It is essentially a woodland species where rock and abundant humus
prevail. This Rhododendron was discovered by A. Henry on the borders
of Changyang and Patung districts in 1888; it was introduced into culti-
vation by means of seeds (Nos. 648, 648a) which I collected in the Hsing-
shan district and sent to Messrs. Veitch in October, 1900. Plants flowered
for the first time in cultivation in 1913 in Coombe Wood nursery.

Rhododendron discolor Franchet in Jour. de Bot. rx. 391 (1895).—
Hemsley & Wilson in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1910, 112.—Rehder &
Wilson in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 542 (1913).—Bean in Kew Bull. Misc.
Inform. 1914, 383; Trees & Shrubs Brit. Isles, m. 353 (1914); in Rhod.
Soc. Not. 1. 190 (1918).—Millais, Rhodod. 155 (1917).—Hutchinson in
Bot. Mag. cxii. t. 8696 (1917).—Chenault in Rev. Hort. 1918, 148,
fig. 48-49.—Garden, Lxxx1u. 503, fig. (1919); Lxxx1v. 270, fig. (1920).—
Dillistone in Garden, LXxxv. 346, fig. (1921).—Osborn in Gard. Chron.
ser. 3, LXxiI. 19, fig. 10 (1922

Rhododendron mandarinorum Diels in Bot. Jahrb. xxrx. 510 (1900).—Hutch-

inson in Millais, Rhodod. 206 (1917).

Rhododendron Kirkii Hort. Veitch apud Millais, Rhodod. 169 Seal ——

in ate Soc. Not. 1. 190 (1918). —Armytage Moore in Rhod. §

Rhododenivon Fortunei var. Kirkit Millais, Rhodod. 169 (1917).

Bush 2-6 m. tall with stout shoots, glabrous, often bloomy the first
year; winterbuds ovoid with ciliolate bud-scales. Leaves coriaceous,
glabrous, oblong-elliptic, 10-25 cm. long, 2.5-7.5 em. wide, obtuse, mucron-
ate, base narrowed, often sub-auriculate, rarely truncate, upper surface
dark rich green, under surface pallid; petiole stout, 2-3.5 cm. long, purple,
often bloomy. Flowers fragrant, from 6 to 12 in a terminal umbellate
raceme, rhachis 2-5 cm. long, glabrous, pedicel stout, ascending-spreading
1.5-4 cm. long, glabrous, occasionally glandular; calyx small, discoid,
membranous, with gland-tipped undulate or triangular teeth; corolla
deeply 7-lobed, white, pink or pink shading to white, wide-funnelform,
from 6-10 cm. deep, 8-12 cm. wide, yellowish green within tube, lobes
undulate, wide-spreading, rounded, emarginate or entire; stamens about
14, sub-equal in length, slightly exserted, much shorter than corolla, fila-
ments flattened, glabrous, anthers pale yellow-brown, pistil much over-
topping stamens; ovary ovoid, and with stout nearly straight style densely
glandular; stigma large, capitate. Fruit woody, bloomy, oblique, purple,
oblong, 3.5—5 cm. long, 1-2 cm. wide, furrowed, subtended by the persistent

1924] WILSON, THE RHODODENDRONS OF HUPEH 97

calyx, seeds shining brown, oblong, flattened, 4-6 mm. long, immersed
in a broad wi

This common species in Hupeh is well distinguished from others by
being everywhere glabrous, by its small, membranous, undulate persistent
calyx and by its gland-dotted pistil. It is plentiful in the woodlands
between elevations of from 4500 to 7000 ft. everywhere in western Hupeh
and eastern Szechuan to the edge of the Red Basin. A robust plant of
good habit it is usually a bush from 10 to 12 ft. high and as much or
more in diameter but often these dimensions reach 20 ft. The foliage
is bold and leathery and the contrast between the purple petioles, the
dark green upper surface and pallid under surface of the leaves is pleasing.
The flowers are large, usually more or less pink in the bud and becoming
pure white when fully exposed, fragrant and compacted into a fine rounded
truss. It opens its flowers and commences to grow late in June and on
this account is of exceptional value, a fact fully appreciated by those who
have this species growing in their gardens.

This Rhododendron was discovered in the neighborhood of Tchen-
keou-ting by Pére P. Farges between 1891 and 1894; it was introduced
into gardens by means of seeds (Nos. 885, 855b) sent by me to Messrs.
Veitch in the autumn of 1900. In 1907 I sent seeds to the Arnold Arbore-
tum and these were distributed far and wide. It flowered for the first time
in cultivation at Coombe Wood in June, 1911. In gardens this Rhododen-
dron has proved very amenable, flowers in June and early July, and by
many is considered one of the finest of the Chinese species.

In 1902, before I knew the identity of this Rhododendron I suggested
to Messrs. Veitch that it be named “R. Kirkii” after my friend Dr.
William Kirk, then of the Chinese Imperial Maritime Customs Service
and stationed at Ichang. Later plants were distributed under this un-
published name and, unfortunately, a good deal of confusion has been
quite innocently caused. The typical form has pale pink passing to pure
white flowers. There is, however, a good pink form and this may be
distinguished as:—

Rhododendron discolor f. carneum Wilson, n. forma.

There is a hybrid of R. discolor X R. catawbiense X ? which has been
named :—

X Rhododendron holmleaense Rehder in Jour. Arnold Arb. 11. 48
(1922).

This was raised in 1915 in the gardens of Professor Sargent, Holmlea,
Brookline, Mass., where it flowered for the first time in 1921. It is a valu-
able hybrid but unfortunately precariously hardy in Massachusetts.

Another hybrid, the result of crossing the garden Rhododendron
“Konigin Carola” and R. discolor has been named :—

X Rhododendron konigdis Magor in Rhod. Soc. Not. 11. 121 (1922).

The flowers are described as lilac-white, deeper in the bud, 8-lobed,

98 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

open campanulate with a large blotch of crimson and spots of the same
color on the upper segments. Another plant had flowers the lightest
shade of heliotrope with the segments spotted at the base with olive-
green.

Rhododendron discolor has been hybridized with other Rhododendrons
in many gardens though I do not know if the progeny has received names.
Bean (in Rhod. Soc. Not. 1. 191 (1918) ) says, “‘Several crosses with
discolor as one parent have been made at Kew chiefly with such garden
varieties as ‘‘Pink Pearl,” ““Strategist,’’ ‘Doncaster, ”’ “Memoir,” etc.
But it has also been hybridized with some species as R. Griffithianum
(Aucklandii), R. maximum and R. occidentale, the last of course an
Azalea.”’

Rhododendron auriculatum Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxv1. 20
(1889).—Veitch in Jour. Hort. Soc. Lond. xxv. 64, fig. 25 (1903).—
Bean in Flora & Sylva, 11. 163 (1903); in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1914,
201; Trees & Shrubs Brit. Isles, 11. $43 (1914); in Gard. Chron. ser. =
Lx. 110 (1916); in Rhod. Soc. Not. 1. 192 (1918).—Hemsley & Wilson
in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1910, 108—Rehder & Wilson in Sargent,
PI. Wilson. 1. 544 (1913) —Rehder in Bailey, Stand. Cycl. Hort. v. 2945
(1916).—Millais, Rhodod. 125, fig. facing p. 124 (1917).—Hutchinson in
Bot. Mag. cx.v. t. 8786 (1919).—Waterer in Garden, LXxxvt. 455, fig.
(1922).—Osborn in Garden, Lxxxvir. 539, fig. (1923).

Bush from 2 to 7 m. tall with stout ascending-spreading stipitate-
glandular branches; winterbuds ovoid, acuminate or acute, bud-scales
aristate or acuminate. Leaves coriaceous, oblong, without petiole 12-30
cm. long, 4-10 em. wide, rounded and apiculate at apex, base rounded,
auricled, dull dark green, glabrescent above, under surface pale green,
clothed more or less densely with rusty brown tomentum; lateral veins
spreading and ascending-spreading, petiole stout, bearded and glandular.
Flowers fragrant, 8-15 in an umbellate raceme, rhachis 4-6 cm. long
and with stout, 2.5-3.5 cm. long, ascending-spreading pedicels densely
covered with pilose and villose gland-tipped hairs; calyx discoid with short,
membranous glandular-pubescent lobes; corolla 7-lobed, white or rose-
pink, funnelform, 8-10 cm. long, 6-9 cm. wide, sparsely pubescent without,
posterior part of tube splashed with green and rose-color in lower half,
lobes rounded, spreading; stamens slightly exserted, about 14, filaments
glabrous, anthers pale brown; pistil overtopping stamens but shorter than
corolla, ovary ovoid, 0.7 cm. long, glandular; style stout, green, glandular;
stigma capitate. Fruit purple with glaucous bloom, oblique, oblong,
3.5 cm. long, 1 cm. wide, terete; seeds pale brown, flattened, 0.4-0.6 cm.
long, immersed in a large wing.

This magnificent species is well characterized by the hairiness of its
foliage and flower stalks, by the cordate base of its oblong leaves and by
its large funnelform, 7-lobed corolla. It is one of the finest of all the Chinese

1924] WILSON, THE RHODODENDRONS OF HUPEH 99

Rhododendrons and is unique in the lateness of opening its flowers and
in commencing the season’s growth. In a wild state this species opens
its flowers in late July or early in August but under cultivation this is
sometimes delayed even into September. On the young growth the lower
part is furnished with crimson, very glandular scale-leaves which are a
conspicuous and attractive feature. The leaves are large and handsome,
being sometimes fully a foot long and five inches wide. The flowers each
8 to 4 inches long and nearly as wide are pleasantly fragrant.

The species grows mainly in copses and woods where deciduous Oaks
predominate at elevations between 5000 and 7000 ft. but is nowhere
common. I have seen specimens growing in districts as far apart as
Changyang in the south and Fang in the north but only once, and that
in 1900, did I collect it in flower and fruit. The plant-is more plentiful
scattered through the wooded country round the hamlet of Kuan Pao
on the border of Patung and Changyang districts than elsewhere so far
as my knowledge goes. This is the type locality and it was here that I
gathered the seeds. It is an arborescent shrub of excellent habit being
sometimes 20 ft. tall and even more through the crown though usually
its dimensions are round about 12 ft. The plant everywhere favors cool
situations where the soil is rich in humus and where it is sheltered from
strong winds.

This fine Rhododendron was discovered in 1885 by A. Henry on the
mountains round Kuan Pao; it was introduced into cultivation by myself
in 1900 by means of seeds (No. 920) collected in November and sent to
Messrs. Veitch. A large number of seedlings were raised of which one
hundred were planted out in Coombe Wood nursery and later distributed
among British gardens where there are now growing many fine specimens.
The best plants in cultivation are those at Caerhays where it flowered
for the first time in September, 1912. Since that date it has flowered
in many gardens and is well-known and esteemed one of the grandest of
all Rhododendrons. The late-flowering character is of great importance
and in the hands of hybridizers may lead to the evolving of a race of late
August and September flowering Rhododendrons. At Caerhays Castle
it has been crossed with R. decorum Franch. and according to Millais
(Rhodod. 125 [1917] ) the plants in 1915, their third season, showed 70
per cent R. auriculatum in the cross, At Kew according to Bean (in
Rhod. Soc. Not. 1. 193 [1918}) this species has been crossed with R.
ponticum Linn. Probably other attempts to hybridize it have been
made and the results of these experiments will be watched for with great
interest.

The form most usually seen wild and the only one that has flowered
under cultivation has white flowers. There is, however, a wild form
with rose-pink blossoms which may be distinguished as:—

Rhododendron auriculatum f. roseum Wilson, n. forma.

100 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou. v

Sect. 2. LEPIPHERUM G. Don

Rhododendron sect. Lepipherum G. Don, Gen. Syst. m1. 845 (1834).
Rhododendron sect. Osmothamnus Maximowicz in Mém. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb.
sér. 7, xvi. no. 9, 14 (Rhod. As. Or.) (1870), in part.

KEY TO THE SPECIES

Corolla funnelform-campanulate, filaments villose at base.
Shoots villose, not verrucose when young; midrib pilose or villose on under

BUTT BOS OF BOGE pis. 6 5 5 die 8 hd OS EG RRR REE Cem tcdiod 10. R. Augustinss.
Shoots not villose, densely verrucose when young; midrib glabrous on under
surface of leaf.... 0.0.0... ccc cc ccc ene cecccce., . R. yanthinum.
Corolla rotate-campanulate, filaments glabrous.............. 12. R. micranthum.

Rhododendron Augustinii Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxvi. 19
(1899).—Vilmorin & Bois in Frut. Vilmorin. 173 (1904).—Bean in Flora &
Sylva, m1. 162, t. (1905); Trees & Shrubs Brit. Isles, 1. 343 (1914).—
Mottet in Rev. Hort. 1909, 18, fig.6.—Hemsley & Wilson in Kew Bull. Misc.
Inform. 1910, 114.—Raffill in Gard. Chron. ser. 3, Li. 4, fig. 3 (1912),—
Rehder & Wilson in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 524 (1913).—Craib in Bot. Mag.
CXXXIX, t. 8497 (1913).—Rehder in Bailey, Stand. Cycl. Hort. v. 2938
(1916).—Magor in Rhod. Soc. Not. 1. 24 (1916).—Millais, Rhodod. 124, fig.
facing p. 24 (1917).—Balfour f. in Rhod. Soc. Not. 1. 148 (1917).—
Garden, Lxxxv. 68, fig. (1921).

Bush from 1 to 6 m. tall with many twiggy branches, reddish and villose
when young, later glabrous with gray peeling bark; winter-buds narrow-
ovoid, acute, pubescent and glandular-lepidote. Leaves subcoriaceous,
lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, without petiole 3-10 cm. long, 1-3 em.
wide, acute or subacuminate, base narrow, often abruptly so, sometimes
rounded or truncate, upper surface dark green more or less covered with
appressed gray hairs, lower surface gray-brown densely covered with
shining brown lepidote glands, midrib pilose or villose on basal half;
petiole 0.5-1.5 cm. long, villose. Flower usually 3 in a terminal fascicle,
rarely 6; pedicels ascending-spreading, 1-2.5 cm. long; lepidote, pubescent
or glabrous; calyx minute, discoid, lepidote with 5 small ciliolate teeth;
corolla 5-lobed, pale to dark rose-purple, sometimes blue-purple, occa-
sionally white, wide-funnelform, 3-4.5 cm. long and broad, blotched on
posterior part with greenish yellow or yellow-brown, tube narrowed, lobes
spreading, rounded or sub-acute, margin undulate, usually more or less
lepidote-glandular without; st 10, unequal in length, slightly exserted,
filaments villose at base; pistil overtopping stamens, ovary narrow-ovoid,
5 mm. long, densely lepidote with few pilose hairs at base and apex, style
curved, glabrous, stigma capitate, lobed. Fruit oblong-cylindric, 1-2 cm.
long, 0.3-0.4 cm. wide, deeply furrowed, lepidote, rarely sparingly pilose,
seed pale brown, ovoid, acute, wingless.

This is an exceedingly common species in Hupeh and is found on the
mountains westward far into Szechuan. It is partial to the margins
of woods but is happiest in open rocky situations where it is fully exposed

1924] WILSON, THE RHODODENDRONS OF HUPEH 101

to the sun. In Hupeh it occurs between elevations of from 4000 to 7500
ft. and in northwestern Szechuan from 6000 to 9000 ft. Usually it is a
much branched shrub of moderate size but frequently it is from 15 to 20
ft. tall and as much in diameter. The plants vary considerably in degree
of hairiness but the pilose or villose midrib on the under surface of the leaf
is a ready means of distinguishing R. Augustinit from all other related
species. The fascicles are usually terminal and 3-flowered but on vigorous
shoots often 6 flowers occur in each and lateral fascicles may also be present.
The flowers vary in color from pale purple through deep rosy purple to
lavender- and blue-purple, on some plants they are white. Some of the
color forms, especially those bordering on blue, are very lovely. The
species is very free-flowering and in a wild state blossoms during the
month of May.

This Rhododendron was discovered in Patung district during 1886
by Augustine Henry whose Christian name it worthily bears. It was
introduced into cultivation by Pére P. Farges who, in 1899, sent seeds to
M. Maurice de Vilmorin at Les Barres where a plant flowered for the first
time in 1902. In 1900 from the Changyang district I sent seed (Nos.
517, 598) in quantity to Messrs. Veitch and in 1907 and 1908 from various
localities in Hupeh and Szechuan to the Arnold Arboretum and all or
nearly all the plants in British gardens are from these sources. This
Rhododendron is now well established in many English gardens where it
flowers freely each year and has won for itself a host of admirers.

In the most common color forms the flowers are shades of pale to rosy
purple and this may be regarded as the type of the species.

The form with lavender- to blue-purple flowers may be distinguished
as :—

Rhododendron Augustinii f. violascens Wilson, n. forma.

This Rhododendron is found mixed with the type throughout its
distribution. Some fine forms have been raised from my seed No. 4238
collected in Wen-ch’uan district of northwest Szechuan in October, 1910.
It is now well known in gardens where it is esteemed one of the loveliest
of all. ;

A form with white flowers and less common than others is:—

Rhododendron Augustinii f. album Wilson, n. forma.

In the Rhodod. Soc. Not. 11. 69 (1921) Magor tells of a hybrid between
R. oreostrephes W. W. Smith X 4238 W. (R. Augustini f. violascens).
He describes the flowers as “five in a truss, palest light lilac (violet de
cobalt) with a few spots of greenish brown on the upper segment, very
broadly campanulate 13/1. X 2% inches.”

Rhododendron yanthinum Bureau & Franchet in Jour. de Bot. v. 94
(1891).—Rehder & Wilson in Sargent, PI. Wilson. 1. 518 (1913).—Bean,
Trees & Shrubs Brit. Isles, m. 386 (1914).—Rehder in Bailey, Stand.
Cycl. Hort. v. 2938 (1916).—Millais, Rhodod. 264 (1917).—Mottet in
Rev. Hort. 1917, 348, t.

102 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM vou. v

Rhododendron Benthamianum Hemsley in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1907,
319; in Gar hron. ser. 3, xuvir. 4 (1910). ages a 7 in Kew
Misc. Inform. 1910, 115. —Millais, Rhodod. 128 (19
Rhododendron oo Hemsley & Wilson in Kew Bul ‘Mise. Inform.
1910, 115.—Not Hemsley.

Rhododendron atroviride Did in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxxrx. 484 (1911).

Bush from 1 to 4 m. tall with many thin but rigid branches which are
densely verruculose the first year; winter-buds ovoid with lepidote bud-
scales. Leaves coriaceous, elliptic-lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, without
petiole 2.5-7.5 cm. long, 1-4 em. wide, acute, mucronate. base rounded
or somewhat narrowed, dark green, lepidote, slightly rugulose above,
under surface gray-green, densely covered with shining brown lepidote
glands, midrib usually slightly pubescent on upper surface, glabrous on
under surface; petiole 0.3-1 cm. long, lepidote. Flowers 4 to 10 in a ter-
minal fascicle; pedicel 1-1.5 cm. long, lepidote; calyx discoid, lepidote,
with 5 small acute teeth; corolla pale- to deep red-purple, rarely white,
5-lobed, wide-funnelform, 3-5 cm. long and broad, blotched on the posterior
part with brown or greenish brown, more or less lepidote, rarely slightly
pubescent without, tube narrowed, lobes wide-spreading; stamens 10,
unequal in length, slightly exserted, filaments villose near base; pistil
overtopping stamens, ovary ovoid, 0.3-0.5 cm. long, densely lepidote,
style reddish, curved, glabrous, stigma capitate, lobed. Fruit slightly
curved, oblong-cylindric, 1-1.5 cm. long, 0.3-0.4 em. wide, densely
lepidote-glandular; seed shining brown, ovoid, 1.5 mm. long, acute, wingless.

From the related R. Augustinii Hemsl. this Rhododendron is distin-
guished by its verrucose branchlets, its glabrous thicker, shorter and
broader leaves, by the midrib not villose on under surface and by its many-
flowered fascicles. It is an uncommon plant in Hupeh though it occurs
on mountain cliffs between 5000 and 7000 ft. in Changyang district
in the south and Fang in the north. Further north it has been collected
in Shensi by W. Purdom who unfortunately gives no precise locality.
However, R. yanthinum is really a western species which has its eastern
limits of distribution in Hupeh. In western Szechuan it is abundant
on the edge of woodlands and in thickets from Wa-shan and Mupin west
to Tachien-lu between 5000 and 11000 ft. elevation. Usually it is a bush
from 1.5-2.5 m. tall and about as much in diameter but sometimes it is
double these dimensions. The branches though thin are rigid and numerous
and the habit of the plant is compact. It flowers during May and June
and at its altitudinal limits north of Tachien-lu I have gathered it in blos-
som as late as July 9

This Rhododendron was discovered in the summer of 1890 in the neigh-
borhood of Tachien-lu by Prince Henri d’Orleans; it was introduced into
cultivation by seeds (No. 1433) collected by me on Wa-shan in October,
1903. The following year I sent more seeds to Messrs. Veitch and in
1908 and 1910 to the Arnold Arboretum. Plants raised by Messrs. Veitch
flowered for the first time in May, 1907, at the Coombe Wood nursery.

1924] WILSON, THE RHODODENDRONS OF HUPEH 108

The color of the flowers is not attractive and this species is the least desir-
able of the Rhododendrons of Hupeh.

The form with white flowers may be distinguished as:—

Rhododendron yanthinum f. album Wilson, n. forma.

The type of this form I gathered in Fang Hsien in May, 1907; I do not
remember seeing a plant of the species with white flowers in western Sze-
chuan though doubtless such do occur there.

Rhododendron micranthum Turczaninow in Bull. Soc. Nat. Moscou,
x. no. 7, 155 (1837).—Wilson in Jour. Arnold Arb. tv. 42 (1923), where com-
plete references and synonymy and a full account of the species are given.

Subgen. II. AZALEASTRUM Planch.

Rhododendron subgen. Azaleastrum Planchon in Rev. Hort. 1854)
43.—Maximowicz in Mém. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. sér. 7, XV1. no. 9, 15
(Rhod. As. Or.) (1870).—Rehder in Wilson & Rehder, Monog. Azal. 109,
in text (1921).

Azaleastrum Rydberg in Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 1. 297 (1900), as a genus.

KEY TO THE SECTIONS
Corolla rotate or subrotate; stamens 5; fruit sub-globose to broad ovoid.
1. Euazaleastrum.
Corolla funnelform to funnelform-campanulate; stamens 10; fruit spindle-form
2. Choniastrum.
Sect. 1. EUAZALEASTRUM Wizs. n. sect.
Represented by... 6. sc rescesdseccecenenneesneeesceneceeeens 13. R. ovatum.

Rhododendron ovatum Planchon in Rev. Hort. 1854, 43.—Maxi-
mowicz in Mém. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. sér. 7, Xv1. no. 9, 45 (Rhod. As.
Or.) (1870).—Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxvi. 28 (1889).—Hemsley &
Wilson in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1910, 120.— Schneider, Ill. Handb.
Laubholzk. 11. 509, fig. 333 k-] (1911).—Rehder & Wilson in Sargent,
Pl. Wilson. 1. 546 (1913).—Hayata, Icon. Pl. Formos. m1. 139 (1913).—
Bean, Trees & Shrubs Brit. Isles, 1. 371 (1914).—P. D. Williams in
Rhod. Soc. Not. 1. 40 (1916).—Millais, Rhodod. 222, fig. facing p. 246

1917).

a ovata Lindley in Jour. Hort. Soc. Lond. 1. 149 (1846).—Fortune in Jour.
Hort. Soc. Lond. 11. 126, t. 2 (1847).—Hooker in Bot. Mag. Lxxxiv. t. 5064
(1858).—Bentham, Fl. Hongk. 201 (1861).

Azalea myrtifolia Champion in Bot. Mag. LXxvIl. sub. t. 4609 (1851).—

Bentham in Hooker, Jour. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. Iv. 298 (1852).

Bush from 1 to 3 m. tall with many rigid, ascending-spreading, slender
branches, glandular-setose when young. Leaves thinly coriaceous,
violet-purple when young, dark lustrous green, glabrous at maturity,
ovate, without petiole 2.5-5 em. long, 1.5-2.5 cm. wide (rarely 6—7.5 cm.
long, 3-5 cm. wide), short acuminate, emarginate, mucronate, base rounded
or somewhat narrowed; midrib villose on upper surface; petiole 0.5-1

104 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou. v

em. long, villose when young. Flowers solitary, axillary, from buds near
apex of previous season’s growth; pedicels slender, 1-2.5 cm. long, densely
clothed with short pilose-glandular hairs, at first sheathed in dry, pubescent
bud-scales; calyx membranous, deeply 5-lobed, lobes oblong to broadly
ovate, 0.4-0.6 cm. long, 0.2-0.4 cm. wide, sparsely glandular-ciliate; corolla
deeply 5-lobed, pink to pale rosy-purple with a few darker colored dots
on the posterior part, rotate, 2.5-3.5 cm. wide, lobes wide-spreading,
rounded; stamens 5, filaments flattened, villose in lower half, pistil exserted,
overtopping stamens, ovary subglobose, glandular, style slender, glabrous,
stigma capitate, lobed. Fruit dark purple-brown, sub-globose, 0.5-0.6
em. long and broad, glandular, partially enclosed within persistent, mem-
branous calyx; seed minute, elongate, wingless.

This species is not uncommon between elevations of from 4000 to 7000
ft. in Hupeh but is not known to grow further west. It is distributed east-
ward to the shores of the Yellow Sea being found plentifully on the moun-
tains of Kiangsu, Chekiang and Fokien provinces. It was originally known
from the Chusan Islands but most probably only cultivated in the temple
grounds of those sacred islands. On the mountains around Kuling it is
particularly abundant round about 4000 ft. altitude. This Rhododendron
also grows in Hongkong so Hupeh represents the northern as well as the
western limits of its distribution.

It is a much branched, twiggy shrub seldom exceeding 8 ft. in height
with rigid, ascending branches. The leaves are crowded at the ends of
the branchlets and when young are a lovely violet-purple color. The
flowers are flat of an undecided but pleasing shade of pink to pale rose-
purple and open in May. In Hupeh it is partial to cliffs and rocky places
where it grows mixed with other shrubs but is sheltered from strong winds,

This species was discovered on the Chusan Islands in the autumn of
1843 by Robert Fortune who sent seeds to the Horticultural Society
of London the same year. Subsequently he found it wild on the moun-
tains of the Chekiang province. Fortune tells of two forms, one with
white and another with pink flowers. A white form is unknown to me in
a living state.

Rhododendron ovatum was first found in Hupeh by A. Henry; in 1900
I sent seeds (No. 938) from the district of Changyang to Messrs. Veitch
and in 1907 to the Arnold Arboretum from the same locality. Plants
raised from my first consignment of seeds are thriving in Cornwall but
have not proved very hardy in less favorable climates.

Secr. 2. CHONIASTRUM Francu.

Rhododendron sect. Choniastrum Franchet in Jour. de Bot. x1. 264
(1898), nomen.—Hemsley & Wilson in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1910,
116.—Rehder & Wilson in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 546 (1913), as sect. of
Subgen. Azalea.

1924] WILSON, THE RHODODENDRONS OF HUPEH 105

KEY TO THE SPECIES

Flowers in fascicles of 3 to several, stamens and pistil much ee ow than the corolla.
. prtttosporaefolium.
Flowers solitary, stamens shorter than the corolla............ 15. R. Wilsonae,

Rhododendron pittosporaefolium Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxv.
29 (1889).—Diels in Bot. Jahrb. xxrx. 515 (1900).—Bean in Flora &
Sylva, ur. 164 (1905).—Schneider, I]. Handb. Laubholzk. 1m. 509, fig.
333 (1911).—Hutchinson in Millais, Rhodod. 225 (1917)

Rhododendron stamineum Hemsley & Wilson in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform.
1910, 116. —Rehder & Wilson in Sees Pl. Wilson. 1. as oa —Hutch-
inson in Bot. Mag. cxu1. t. 8601 (1915).—Non Fran

Rhododendron aucubaefolium Hemsley in Jour. Lin rae i 19 (1889),
as to the flowers, the leaves and shoot belong to Daghal hilum macropodum
Miquel.—Bean in Flora & Sylva, m1. 162 (1905).

Bush from 2 to 8 m. tall, with many spreading, slender, glabrous
branches; winter-buds narrow-ovoid, glabrous. Leaves coriaceous, tufted,
lustrous, glabrous, lanceolate to oblong, rarely broadest about the middle,
without petiole 6-12 cm. long, 2-5 cm. wide, acuminate, base cuneate,
rarely rounded; petiole 1-1.5 cm. long. Flowers fragrant, from 3 to 8
in axillary fascicles, the fascicles several and crowded together at the
end of last season’s growth; pedicels slender, 1-3 cm. long, glabrous;
calyx glabrous, annular, with 5 small, unequal teeth; corolla white,
sometimes suffused with pink, with yellow blotch on the posterior lobes,
pointed in the bud, 2.5-3.5 cm. long, deeply 5-lobed, the lobes oblong,
obtuse or sub-acute, spreading and recurving from a narrow, cylindric
tube; stamens 10, much exserted, filaments flattened, short-pilose in
lower half, anthers oval, yellowish, pistil glabrous, overtopping the stamens,
4-5.5 cm. long, ovary cylindric, 0.6 cm. long, 0.3 cm. wide, style filiform,
stigma capitate. Fruit spindle-shaped, 2.5-4 cm. long, 0.4 cm. wide, fur-
rowed, dehiscing from below upward, margins of the valve waved; seeds
shining pale brown, flattened, oval, 0.3 cm. long, winged at either end.

This is a very remarkabie species easily recognized by its fascicled
flowers with spreading, recurving lobes and long exserted stamens and
pistil. At one time I thought it the same as R. stamineum Franch., a Yun-
nan species and they are unquestionably very closely related but R.
stamineum, as described, has much thinner leaves, smaller pink flowers,
thirteen stamens and shorter genitalia. Experience has taught us that
none of the Yunnan Rhododendrons extend into central China and, in-
deed, very few into western Szechuan as far north as Mt. Omei. Until
both species are in cultivation, where their true relationship can be
positively determined, it seems best to keep the two as distinct.

Hemsley’s species is well-named for in foliage and habit it singularly
resembles a Pittosporum. It is a broad, spreading shrub, sometimes
25 ft. high and as much in diameter, with shining green leaves crowded
at the ends of the slender but rigid shoots. When young, and especially
on seedling plants, the leaves are a rich bronze or of a purple hue and

106 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou. v

strikingly handsome. Mature bushes flower abundantly and the pure
white blossoms often flushed with pink are sweetly fragrant and very pretty
with their long, and prominent stamens and spreading reflexed corolla-
segments with a striking yellow blotch.

This is a low-level Rhododendron, wide-spread in western Hupeh to
Mt. Omei and Mt. Wa in western Szechuan between elevations of from
4000 to 6000 ft. but nowhere plentiful. It also grows in southeastern
Szechuan and in the southwestern part of Hunan province. It is usually
found on cliffs in hot, moist valleys among an exuberant growth of shrubs,
mostly evergreen in character. Specimens collected on Mt. Omei and
Mt. Wa have thinner leaves which are much less obviously reticulated on
the upper surface than is the case with specimens from Hupeh.

It was discovered by A. Henry between 1886 and 1888 on the borders
of Changyang and Patung districts and was introduced into cultivation
by seeds (No. 887) which I sent from the same locality to Messrs. Veitch
in the autumn of 1900; in 1910 I sent seeds (No. 4268) from Mt. Omei
to the Arnold Arboretum. Plants raised from the seeds sent in 1900
flowered for the first time in 1911 at Caerhays Castle.

Rhododendron Wilsonae Hemsley & Wilson in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform.
1910, 116.—Bean, Trees & Shrubs Brit. Isles, 11. 386, (1914).—Millais,
Rhodod. 262 (1917).

Bush from 1.5 to 3 m. tall with gray, slender, ascending-spreading
glabrous branches; winter-buds elongate, acute with paleaceous scales.
Leaves rigid-coriaceous, clustered into false verticils, ovate-lanceolate,
without petiole 5-10 cm. long, 2-4 cm. wide, acuminate, base more or
less cuneate, upper surface shining green, lower pale; petiole 0.5-1.2 cm.
long. Flowers fragrant, solitary and axillary but clustered to form fascicles
at the end of the last season’s growth; pedicels glabrous, about 2 cm. long,
sheathed in many shining reddish brown paleaceous, imbricated, acute
bud-scales; calyx annular, 5-toothed or unequally 5-lobed, glabrous;
corolla deeply 5-lobed, pink, funnelform, 2.5-3 cm. deep, 4-5 cm. wide,
lobes rounded, spreading from a narrow tube, posterior lobe spotted with
brown; stamens 10 of unequal length, longest as long or nearly as long

] ts flatt 1, slightly villose near base, anthers broadly oval;
pistil glabrous, exceeding the stamens, ovary oblong, 0.7 em. long; style
slender, curved, stigma lobed. Fruit cylindric, about 3 em. long, 0.5 cm.
broad, furrowed.

This is a twiggy shrub seldom more than 6 ft. tall and very distinct
with solitary, pink, deeply lobed flowers, the lobes spreading from a short
narrow tube. It is the rarest of the Hupeh species, being only known
from one locality in the Patung district where it grows with other shrubs
and trees in rocky places between elevations of 5000 and 6500 ft. In
1917 it was found on the mountains of northern Kwangtung by Rudolf
Mell. It was discovered by me late in April, 1900, and in the autumn
of this same year I sent seeds (No. 886) to Messrs. Veitch. All the plants

as corolla, fi

1924] WILSON, THE RHODODENDRONS OF HUPEH 107

in cultivation originated from these seeds. It flowered for the first time
in cultivation in March, 1912, at Caerhays Castle in Cornwall. The young
leaves on seedling plants are beautifully colored, shades of brownish or
purplish crimson masking the deep green of the mature leaf. In gardens,
as yet, this Rhododendron has hardly fulfilled expectations.

Suscen. III. ANTHODENDRON Enon.
Rhododendron subgen. Anthodendron Endlicher, Gen. 759 (1839).—
Rehder in Wilson & Rehder, Monog. Azal. 115 (1921) where full synonymy
and references with a complete description are given.

KEY TO THE SECTIONS
Flowers and leaves from the same bud.

Shoots with flattened, appressed, bristle-like hairs; leaves persistent or some-
times deciduous, usually imorphic, scattered on the ean hae to
IANCHOMLE OF ODISNCOOLEIG.. fs diccc is coca nee cea ean maed sees : sutat.

Shoots glabrous or villose, aaa bristle-like hairs; leaves He caaune: not
dimorphic, in whorls a t the end of the bra aa scattered only on vigorous
shoots, eaatiy rhombic to phous: rarely ovate........ 2. Sctadorhodton.

Flowers from the terminal bud, leaves from teal bude below: corolla funnel-

ONiG SUAIDONS Osc «ox ko un eee ees ss Peak pase see sess 3. Pentanthera.

Sect. 1. Tsutsutsi G. Don

Rhododendron sect. Tsutsutsi G. Don, Gen. Syst. m1. 845 (1834),
excluding Nos. 30, 31, 36, 39.—Wilson in Wilson & Rehder, Monog.
Azal. 22 (1921) where complete synonymy and references are given.
TODEONOTNOG 90 oie aan cac ta ete Wee eRe eae ae Seka neeees 16. R. Simsis.

Rhododendron Simsii Planchon in Fl. des Serr. rx. 78 (1854).—
Wilson in Wilson & Rehder, Monog. Azal. 45 (1921), where complete
references and synonymy and a full account of the species are given.

Sect. 2. SCIADORHODION Renp. & Wis.

Rhododendron subgen. Anthodendron sect. 2. Sciadorhodion Rehder
& Wilson in Wilson & Rehder, Monog. Azal. 79 (1921), where complete
synonymy is given.
PORT CREN EY... s: os oe oe epee ee nomen ese tae eas sea 17. R. Mariesis.

Rhododendron Mariesii Hemsley & Wilson in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform.
1907, 244.—Wilson in Wilson & Rehder, Monog. Azal. 80 (1921), where
complete references and synonymy and a full account of the species are
given.

Secr. 3. Pentanthera G. Don

Rhododendron sect. Pentanthera G. Don, Gen. Syst. m1. 846 (1834).—
Rehder in Wilson & Rehder, Monog. Azal. 124 (1921), where full refer-
ences and complete synonymy are given.
Pepresetied (OY: 6c i Oo 755 aoe eee Pee ese eee a ewes Oe es 18. R. molle.

Rhododendron molle G. Don, Gen. Syst. 11. 846 (1834).—Wilson
in Wilson & Rehder, Monog. Azal. 95 (1921), where complete references
and synonymy and a full account of the species are given.

108 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou. v

THE LIGNEOUS FLORA OF RICH MOUNTAIN, ARKANSAS
AND OKLAHOMA

Ernest J. PALMER

That part of the Ozark region lying south of the Arkansas river, using
the term Ozark in its broadest application to include all of the elevated
and semi-mountainous country between the Mississippi lowlands and the
Great Plains, comprises two rather distinct sub-regions, differing from
each other in topography and geologic structure, as likewise from the more
typical mountain and plateau sections to the north. On the eastern side
in south-central Arkansas, the name Ouachita Mountains has been applied
to a series of low hills separated by narrow rocky valleys, formed upon a
varied series of early Paleozoic rocks ranging from shales, sandstones and
quartzites to massive novaculite chert. These strata have been broken
up, tilted and folded in a complex manner, and in places masses and dikes
of eruptive rocks have been forced into them. Farther west in Arkansas
and extending into eastern Oklahcma very different conditions are en-
countered. Here the mountain-making movements of late Cretaceous
time, although probably connected with other disturbances on a larger
scale beyond our area, seem locally to have spent their force in a series of
radiating or parallel lines of faulting and upheavals, while leaving con-
siderable sections of the country but little disturbed. The different nature
of the strata encountered here, consisting of heavily bedded sandstones
alternating with shale and occasional layers of coal and clay partings,
of the Pennsylvanian series, has resulted after a long period of erosion in
a quite distinct topography. The traveler entering this country from the
north, after crossing the Boston Mountains in western Arkansas or skirting
them in eastern Oklahoma, will be impressed at once with the change in
the landscape. Instead of an extremely rugged country with a close
alternation of hills, ridges and narrow valleys, all rather heavily wooded
and with but little evidence of civilization or settlement, he here finds
broad open spaces and rivers flowing not through wide alluvial valleys,
except in the case of the Arkansas, but through level uplands of moderate
elevation, many miles in extent, sparsely wooded and dotted over with
villages and farms, while on all sides can be seen on the horizon the outlines
of more or less distant ranges or isolated peaks and domes of conical or
long canoe-shaped mountains.

Thomas Nuttall, the English naturalist, who came up the Arkansas
river in 1819, and who was the first scientific traveler to visit this section,
described the park-like aspect of the country in its then primitive condi-
tion, with its alternation of grassy prairies and groves of small trees,
amongst which great herds of antelope and deer were grazing, and with
buffalo and bear abundant at no great distance. In his Journal of travels,
published in Philadelphia in 1821, there are also illustrations, from sketches
made by the author, of several of the prominent mountains, including

1924] PALMER, THE LIGNEOUS FLORA OF RICH MOUNTAIN 109

the Maumelle, Magazine, and Cavanal Mountains, all of which it has been
my pleasure to view and explore botanically during the past few years.
The Indians and game which this famous early traveler so interestingly
described are gone, and the land speculators, whom he mentions as already
busy in his day, have passed also with their schemes into the limbo of the
lost, although their tribe has not failed of increase. But the mountains
remain in outline just as he saw them, with their flora at least intact and
with their general aspect but lightly touched by the hand of time.

The hills and mountains of this part of the Ozark region are, as has
been indicated, the result of the combined action of upthrow and erosion,
their position and general character having been determined by lines of
faulting which brought to the surface the thicker and more resistant
strata. While naturally varying widely as to size and form, they may, in
regard to the latter, be roughly grouped into three classes. First may be
mentioned the isolated pointed or narrowly conical peaks, typically repre-
sented by the Maumelles, near Little Rock, and Pilot Knob, in Scott
County, Arkansas. A second type is that of the flat-topped or table
mountain, with considerable areas of comparatively level land at their
summits. Magazine Mountain, in Logan County, Arkansas, is the
best example of this class, and to it also belong the Short Mountains in
Scott and Franklin Counties, as well as many others. The third and by
far the commonest form is that of the long mountain or range with sharp
or narrow keel-like summit, often extending more or less brokenly for
many miles. Of this character are the Winding Stair and Kaimichi Moun-
tains in Oklahoma, and the Poteau, Blackfork, and Rich Mountains
across the boundary between that state and Arkansas. The last named,
with the parallel ridge of the Blackfork, by reason of its accessibility has
been more thoroughly explored botanically than most parts of this area,
and since it is in many respects a typical locality, and also on account of
the richness and peculiarly interesting character of its woody flora, a brief
description of it will be given in this sketch.

About half way between Kansas City and its Gulf terminus at Port
Arthur the Kansas City Southern railway reaches its highest level in
crossing this part of the Ozarks near Eagle Gap. The elevation here is
about 1750 feet (530 meters) above sea level, and from this point it begins
to descend rapidly towards the Coastal plain. This north and south road,
a short distance below Heavener, Oklahoma, turns sharply towards the
state line, and for more than twenty miles (35 kilometers) runs nearly east
and west, following a pass between the mountains, which offers the only
practicable route without a wide detour or extensive tunneling. The grades
here are steep in both directions, and if the traveler passes over it in day-
light he has ample opportunity for viewing the general features of this
interesting and picturesque part of the country. For several miles east
from the village of Page, Oklahoma, the railway parallels the course of a
small rocky creek, which diminishes rapidly as the ascent continues into a

110 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou. v

rivulet, and except in rainy seasons into a dry ravine. At other times its
waters may be seen dashing over the rocky bed, and occasionally spreading
out into quite pools, with a border of small trees and shrubs growing
amongst the masses and boulders of dark stained sandstone. The valley
varies in width from a few rods to a quarter of a mile or more, and where
it has not been cleared off is covered by a fine growth of Pine, Oaks, Hick-
ories, Sweet Gum, Sugar Maple and many other trees, which will be
mentioned in more detail later. Bounding the valley, and in places coming
down almost to the margins of the stream, rise on both sides the steep
slopes of the mountains. That on the north is Blackfork, and to the south
lies Rich Mountain. The little stream between them bears the somewhat
ambitious name of Big Creek, a title which would appear to be appro-
priate only at seasons when it carries the heavy run-off from the mountains
after torrential rains. Many interesting plants, including a variety of
trees and shrubs, grow along its margins, and some of them even amongst
the water-worn rocks of its channel, where they are borne down and sub-
merged by every flood.

Conspicuous amongst herbaceous plants along this rocky channel are
the Willow-herb (Dianthera americana L.) and Letterman’s Ironweed
(Vernonia Lettermanni Engelm.). Two shrubs are also quite abundant
here: the Silky Dogwood or Kinnikinnik (Cornus obliqua) and Ward’s
Willow (Saliz longipes var. Wardii). This Willow, so common along many
of the rocky streams of the Ozarks, sometimes becomes a small tree under
favorable conditions, but here, by reason of being so frequently buffeted
and broken down by the torrents, it seldom exceeds a meter or two in
height and sends out many shoots from the old stumps. In foliage, too,
it is rather a distinct form, perhaps worthy of segregation, the leaves being
firmer and the shoots having smaller stipules than in the typical form.
Cephalanthus occidentalis, Alnus rugosa, Hamamelis vernalis, Callicarpa
americana and Amorpha tennessensis sometimes also venture into this
perilous habitat, but they are more characteristic of the rocky margins
of the stream, where they are dominant species, but where their sway is
also disputed by many others. Occasionally the border of the channel
or deep pools is demarked by low bluffs or huge boulders where shrubby
specimens of Amelanchier canadensis or Acer rubrum like to grow. More
frequently there is a wide low margin of gravel or coarse rubble, amongst
which sand and silt have accumulated, and since it is frequently flooded and
the ground water is always near the surface here, something like bog
conditions prevail. A dense growth of shrubs and herbaceous plants
occupy the less exposed spots of this peculiar flood plain. The royal fern
and the pretty little Zris cristata Ait., Viola blanda Willd., and many
other attractive flowering plants, including several orchids, may be found
in such situations. Conspicuous shrubs and small trees are Carpinus
caroliniana, Ostrya virginiana, Cercis canadensis, Rhus Toxicodendron,
Vaccinium stamineum, Xolisma ligustrina, Rhododendron roseum, R.

1924] PALMER, THE LIGNEOUS FLORA OF RICH MOUNTAIN 111

oblongifolium, Hypericum prolificum and Callicarpa americana, and occa-
sional specimens of Quercus Phellos and Ilex opaca, and in great abundance
the woody vines, Berchemia scandens and Vitis rotundifolia.

In places where the rocky surface of the valley is slightly more elevated
and consequently drier, other species are dominant. By reason of the
sterile surface and frequent floods, most of the arborescent species attain
only the size of shrubs, and the thicket formation continues. Here are
found occasional Oaks and Hickories of several species, Winged Elm,
Southern Hackberry (Celtis laevigata), Sycamore, Sweet Gum, Black Gum,
Flowering Dogwood, Smooth and Copal Sumac, Fringe-tree or Old man’s
beard (Chionanthus virginica), Wafer Ash (Ptelea trifoliata), Gum-elastic
Tree (Bumelia lanuginosa), Crataegus spathulata and the Saw Briar
(Smilar Bona-noz). Other parts of the valley, above ordinary floods, and
where the surface is covered with a fertile sandy loam, support a fine
forest growth, in which several of the above species, growing to a larger
size, are mingled with many others. Amongst the more important
trees of this section are the Yellow Pine (Pinus echinata), Mocker-nut and
Arkansas Hickories, White, Black, Spanish and Post Oaks, Sweet and
Black Gum, Southern Linden (Tilia floridana), and Sugar Maple. Addi-
tional undershrubs of frequent occurrence are Spice-bush, Sassafras,
Parsley-leaved Haw (Crataegus apiifolia) and Papaw. A few specimens
of Beech were seen along the margins of the creek, but this tree is nowhere
common in the locality, and has not been noted farther north. Along the
upper part of the stream the Cucumber Tree (Magnolia acuminata)
appears, and it becomes commoner as the divide is approached. It is
not found in the lower part of the valley, but grows commonly on the north
sides of the mountains, where it attains a much larger size. One other
interesting shrub should be mentioned before leaving the valley. This
is the northern Leatherwood (Dirca palustris), which was found growing
along the creek margins at the base of a small rocky bluff.

Many of the trees and shrubs of the valley continue for a little distance
up the mountain slopes, but as conditions change a large proportion of
them disappear and give place to others. There is a marked difference in
the character of the forest growth on the north and south slopes. This
can be distinctly observed in a general way even by the traveler as he
passes through the valley on the not too swiftly moving trains. As the
village of Page is approached from the west, Blackfork Mountain looms up
ahead like a great pyramid. It is in fact the end of a long sharp ridge
which extends eastward .for about 15 miles (25 kilometers) to Eagle Gap,
and thence, more or less interruptedly for a greater distance in the same
general direction, under the name of Fourche Mountain. For much of
the distance the crest of the range rises 1000 to 1250 feet (300 to 380
meters) above the valley. Observing this slope from the train window, as
it passes in panorama on the left, a thin covering of timber will be seen
extending quite to the top, but in places there are spots devoid of trees,

112 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

and where the gray rock covers the surface. The forest consists of a
mingled growth of pine and broad-leaved trees, the former standing out
distinctly, on account of their greater height and dark foliage, from the
more abundant Oaks, Hickories and a few other deciduous trees mingled
with them. Turning to the other side, the north slope of Rich Mountain
is in sight. This range begins several miles farther west in Oklahoma
and parallels the Blackfork to the gap, where it bends sharply to the south
and ends in a fish-hook-like curve, a part of which is locally known as
Mount Mena, from the town of the same name in Arkansas. The western
part of Rich Mountain somewhat exceeds in height the crest of Black-
fork, and at its loftiest point, about eight miles west of the Arkansas-
Oklahoma state line, it reaches the altitude of over 2850 feet (835 meters)
above sea level at the Gulf of Mexico. And since this exceeds by a few
feet the summit of Magazine Mountain in Arkansas, it has the distinction
of being the highest point in the Ozark region. The forest growth on the
north slope is not only denser than that of the south exposures, but it
consists almost exclusively of deciduous trees, many of which attain a
large size, and as we shall see on closer inspection, the composition is
different and much richer in species.

As the south side of Blackfork Mountain is most accessible and has
in consequence been more thoroughly explored than that of the opposite
range, a brief description of this will be given. That quite similar condi-
tions prevail on the corresponding side of Rich Mountain was indicated
by casual inspection at several points.

The slope on these south exposures is steep and rather uniform in
most places from base to summit. There are occasional outstanding
ledges with vertical faces, but these are generally only a few feet in height,
and the angle usually does not exceed twenty or thirty degrees. The
rock formation seen on the surface consists almost exclusively of a rather
dense finely grained sandstone, of light buff color on fresh fracture, but
weathering to a dull gray, a color effect which is also enhanced by the
covering of lichens on long exposed surfaces. In places the slope is covered
with loose angular fragments of this stone, ranging in size from hand speci-
mens to masses weighing several tons. These boulders piled upon each
other at all angles over many rods of the surface, as is often the case, pre-
sent a very curious appearance. They bear some resemblance to the coarser
material left by terminal morains in the glaciated regions. Or perhaps
they might better be compared to the packs of ice blocks that accumulate
in some northern rivers after the break up of the winter accumulation.
They probably owe their origin to the breaking down of layers of the
heavily bedded sandstone alternating with shale, which were tilted at a
high angle in the opposite direction to the slope of the mountain side.
As the softer shale weathered out more rapidly it left the layers of sand-
stone standing as a hanging wall, which under the combined effect of
gravity and erosion kept breaking off and shifting and sliding down the

1924] PALMER, THE LIGNEOUS FLORA OF RICH MOUNTAIN 118

slope, until the accumulation from different levels completely covered up the
ledges and serve to protect them from further disintegration. The surface
of these rock slides is often almost entirely barren of vegetation. A few
herbs and shrubs, however, sometimes find foothold amongst the clefts.
The little fern, Polypodium polypodioides Hitchce., frequently grows on the
north faces of large boulders amongst the lichens and mosses. Stunted
trees and shrubs cling to the margins and occasionally appear in spots
where there is a little accumulation of finer material. Quercus marilandica,
Crataegus spathulata and Castanea ozarkensis are frequently found in
such situations. Over the greater portion of the mountain side, where
the slope is not too steep for the accumulation of some soil, is found a
rather open forest, in which the Pine (Pinus echinata) attains the largest
size and generally far overtops the deciduous trees. Amongst the common-
est species of the latter class here are Carya alba, C. Buckleyi var. arkansana,
Quercus alba, Q. stellata, Q. velutina, Q. marilandica, Q. borealis var. marima
and Robinia Pseudoacacia. Smaller trees and shrubs growing here are
Ostrya virginiana, Ulmus alata, Celtis pumila var. georgiana, Sassafras
officinalis, Quercus Muhlenbergit, Crataegus apitfolia, C. pagensis, Rubus
Andrewsianus, Rhus Toxicodendron, Acer rubrum, Cornus florida, Vac-
cineum arboreum, V. stamineum, Bumelia lanuginosa and Viburnum
rufidulum. Where the slope is somewhat steeper, or where for some other
reason the forest has not been able to take possession, there are thickets
composed largely of shrubs and a few herbaceous species. These give
place in spots to open rocky glades, where the flora is of a more xerophytic
character, and to small areas where there is scarcely any ligneous growth,
and upon which a grassy prairie flora prevails. The low and high Bush
Huckleberries (Vaccinium vacillans var. crinitum and V. stamineum) abound
in these thickets, as well as small specimens of the Tree Huckleberry (V.
arboreum). Often also there are stunted specimens of the Black Locust,
Blackjack, Post Oak, and small Plum and Haw bushes of several species.
Amorpha glabra frequently grows here and in the edges of the glades, where
it becomes a tall shrub from one to two meters in height. Amongst the
rocks, where it has few competitors except the low Huckleberry, there
are often large colonies of little spiny Rose (Rosa subserrulata). Yucca
glauca is sometimes found in the glades, with Agave virginica L., Opuntia
humifusa, Hypericum cistifolium and other plants of similar habitat. Here
also was first noticed an unknown species of St. John’s-wort, which is de-
scribed in another part of this paper as Hypericum oklahomense. On the
open rocky slopes and in‘the glades it is a low branching shrub, usually
under half a meter in height, but in more favorable situations it becomes
much taller.

Well up towards the top of the mountain and on its level summit the
prairie openings are best developed. Such grasses as species of Andropogon,
Sporobolus and Sorghastrum flourish here. There are scarcely any woody
plants, except for a few low Huckleberry bushes and occasionally the little

114 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

St. Andrew’s Cross (Ascyrum hypericoides) and the St. John’s-wort re-
ferred to above. But there are a number of conspicuous flowering herbs,
including Viola pedata L., Kneiffia linifolia Spach, and at a later season
various species of Aster, Solidago and Lespedeza.

At the summit of the mountain, in a number of places, great masses
of the heavily bedded hard sandstone stand out, tilted at high angles or
sometimes almost perpendicular. The northern Red Oak (Quercus borealis
var. maxima) grows frequently about these rocky ledges and on the steeper
slopes near the top of the mountain. The Red Cedar (Juniperus virginiana)
also occasionally occurs here, but is nowhere frequent. Wild animal life,
formerly without doubt very abundant, seems singularly scarce, consider-
ing the apparently favorable environment. Besides insects, only a few
lizards and snakes and a surprisingly small number of birds were seen.
Amongst the last was a single wild turkey flushed from a thicket near
the top towards the western end of the mountain.

In approaching the north side of Rich Mountain in the lower part of
the valley, below the village of Page, which was the point from which
most of our exploring trips started, a mile or two of comparatively level
but broken ground must be traveled before the real climb begins. The
surface here is rocky, much of it covered with loose rubble and cut up with
small ravines. As it is also covered for the most part with a dense growth
of small trees, shrubs and tangled vines, traveling, in the absence of a
road or trail, is most difficult. Roads have been roughly cleared at intervals
to bring logs down from the mountain side to the saw mills formerly
operated at Page, and in a few places there are trails leading to the top.
But if the explorer is more intent upon making discoveries than upon speed
or comfort, he will not follow these far, but will strike out up one of the
numerous deep ravines which scar the mountain side. For here will be
found not only the most picturesque scenery but also the greatest abund-
ance and variety of plant life. After heavy rainfalls great volumes of
water rush down these channels, and in several of the deeper ones are the
sources of small creeks, fed by perennial springs. At most seasons one
may climb far without seeing a trace of running water, but upon scaling
some ledge he will come upon a strong flowing stream dashing over moss
covered rocks and ledges, with many miniature cascades and limpid pools,
their margins and the rocky banks covered with a luxuriant growth of
ferns, flowering herbs and shrubs. The Christmas Fern, Maidenhair
Fern and Marginal Shield Fern are abundant here, and the wild Hydrangea
(Hydrangea arborescens), Mockorange (Philadelphus pubescens), Ilex
caroliniana, and sometimes the slender Strawberry-bush (Evonymus

ericanus), bent down in autumn with its load of beautiful carmine and
orange fruit, grow pendent over the rocky ledges. Red and Sugar Maple,
Chinquapin, Linden and several sorts of Hickories and Oaks grow along
the margins and interlock their branches above the narrow channel. A
little farther up the slope, if the season is early spring, may be seen a

1924] PALMER, THE LIGNEOUS FLORA OF RICH MOUNTAIN 115

gorgeous display of the blossoms of the Pink Azalea (Rhododendron roseum),
its clusters of showy flowers terminating the still naked branches. The
Flowering Dogwood and Juneberry (Amelanchier canadensis) also display
their blossoms through the leafless woods at this time. A little later, in
the same environment, bloom the Cucumber-tree (Magnolia acuminata),
Chinquapin and Linden, the last, with the wild Grapes and the yellow-
flowered Honeysuckle (Lonicera flava), filling the air with fragrance.
Here and on the intervening slopes at these half way levels, grow many
fine specimens of White and Black Oak, Linden, Black Gum and several
kinds of Hickory, one of which may belong to an undescribed species.

Climbing laboriously a little farther over slippery ledges, tangled
shrubbery and fallen logs, we may emerge upon one of the curious rubble
fields or rock slides, similar to those described on the south slopes of
Blackfork Mountain. But on this side they are usually of smaller extent
and confined to the vicinity of the eroded stream channels. The rocks
here are not quite so barren and destitute of plant life as on the south slopes.
Near the margins and at intervals amongst the rocks numerous plants,
including several shrubs and small trees have taken possession. A tall
white-flowered Composite (Polymnia canadensis L.) is common, and vines
of the Grape (Vitis cordifolia) trail over the rocks or climb over low bushes
of Hydrangea, Bladdernut (Staphylea trifolia) and the prickly-fruited
Gooseberry (Ribes Cynosbati). The last is very frequent and grows to a
large size, some of the hispid canes being two or three meters in length
and twenty to twenty-five millimeters in diameter. It was a great sur-
prise to find this northern species growing here, and the curious way in
which it has adapted itself to this unusual environment is no less interesting,
There is little soil amongst the large sandstone blocks, but such as there is
consists of leaf humus added to the sand from their disintegrating surfaces,
and many of the rocks are moss grown and moist for a large part of the
season. During rainy periods the waters, which emerge in the stream
farther down, may be heard rushing and rumbling, probably several meters
below, and the roots of these shrubs undoubtedly find their way amongst
the crevices of the rocks to this water supply. Clambering slowly over
these boulders, which is not without danger, especially in wet weather,
when they are slippery and treacherous and a misstep might result in a
broken limb, we may shortly come to a comparatively level bench, perhaps
thirty or forty meters in depth, bounded by rocky ledges or a steep bank
above, and partially enclosed on the sides, thus forming a small cove open
to the north or lower slope of the mountain. Deposits of soil have accumu-
lated here, washed down from the higher levels, and it has also been en-
riched with leaf mould of ages from the deciduous forest. By reason of
the fertility of this soil, the more constant supply of moisture and protec-
tion afforded from the hot dry winds of summer, these coves support a
particularly luxuriant and interesting flora. Here, in addition to many
of the trees and shrubs previously mentioned, are found fine specimens of

116 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou. v

the Black Walnut, Sugar Maple, White Ash and rarely the Umbrella-
tree (Magnolia tripetala). Growing as a second layer or in the more open
spots are the Papaw, Spicebush, Bladdernut, Southern Witch-hazel (Hama-
melis macrophylla), Tear-blanket (Aralia spinosa) and Silverbell-tree
(Halesia monticola var. vestita). Some of the Walnut trees attain a large
size, having long escaped the woodman’s axe by reason of their inaccessible
situation. A few years ago a rough road was constructed more than half
way up the mountain side, to bring down logs of this valuable timber.
At the time of one of my visits a large pile of them was awaiting shipment
near the railway, some specimens measuring nearly a meter in diameter.

The Silverbell-tree of these mountains is a species of the southern
Alleghenies, having previously been known west of the Mississippi river
at only one other station in the Boston Mountains. It is found in con-
siderable abundance in some of the coves, and more rarely on the adjacent
slopes and ledges. As it grows here it is usually a shrub three to five
meters in height, but rarely it attains the size of a small tree. The largest
specimen observed was perhaps seven or eight meters tall, and with a trunk
two decimeters in diameter. The bark, except on the oldest specimens,
is of a reddish-gray or chestnut color, variegated with pale streaks and
lenticles, and somewhat resembling that of the Striped Maple. The
flowers open while still quite immature and green, a peculiarity that has
been noted in Halesia carolina L. by Dr. R. M. Harper. Before falling
they are more than double in size, the corollas becoming two centimeters
or more in diameter, and of a pale cream color slightly flushed with pink.

Through lack of time and the necessity of limiting the impedimenta on
these hard climbs, very few of the herbaceous plants were collected, and
no general list was made. This part of the vegetation, however, is very
luxuriant in the north facing coves, perhaps even more remarkable than
the woody plants, and certainly with more northern species, uncommon
in this part of the country. In the richer spots there are great beds of the
Maidenhair-fern, Beech-fern and Christmas-fern, besides more rarely the
Fragile Fern, Rattlesnake-fern and others. Bloodroot, Dutchman’s-
breeches, Wild Ginger, Wake-robin, Bellwort, March-lily (Erythronium
americanum), Spider-wort and Violets, yellow and blue, are amongst the
common spring flowers. Here also, as the season advances, are found
the blue Cohosh, Black Snakeroot and White-fruited Actea, and scores
of other plants of similar association. But we must hasten on, as it is
still some distance to the top of the mountain.

A little farther up we begin to encounter, on the rich open slopes,
the little Buckeye (Aesculus glabra var. monticola), which we may find
even more abundant on top of the mountain. Many of the plants here
are not more than half a meter in height, and the large cymes of creamy-
yellow flowers in spring, and the heavy clusters of fruit in autumn, some-
times bear down the slender branches. The pretty little yellow-flowered
Honeysuckle (Lonicera flava) and the Wild Yam (Dvoscorea villosa) are

1924] PALMER, THE LIGNEOUS FLORA OF RICH MOUNTAIN 117

frequently found in similar situations, and a southern Gooseberry (Ribes
curvatum) grows sparingly along rocky ledges.

As we approach the top the trees begin to diminish in size; the woods
become more open and the herbaceous growth is sparser. Upon attaining
the summit we find ourselves on a strip of comparatively level rocky
ground, which may be followed for several miles east or west, but which
often is not more than a hundred yards in width, and sometimes narrowing
to a sharp rocky ridge or widening to several times its average breadth.
Much of the surface is strewn with sandstone rubble and boulders of dis-
integration. On the more level portions there is sometimes a considerable
accumulation of sandy soil, and small areas might even be tillable. Over
most of this portion there is a growth of small timber, White Oak being
the commonest, and in spots almost the only species. The trees are small,
seldom more than eight or ten meters tall, and with gnarled and twisted
trunks and branches, evidence of their struggle with the strong winds
that at most seasons sweep across these heights. Other species of less
common occurrence are the Blackjack, Black and Post Oaks, Mocker-nut
and Arkansas Hickories, Chinquapin (Castanea ozarkensis), Sassafras,
White Ash, Big-tree Plum (Prunus mezicana), Flowering Dogwood,
Persimmon and a few others. Towards the east end of the mountain, in
Arkansas, the Cucumber-tree is sometimes found in this summit forest,
and the Chinquapin is more abundant. In the more rocky portions the
trees give place to copse or thicket growth, in which shrubs and several
of the arborescent species mentioned above, but attaining only the size of
low shrubs, abound. Here are found several species of Plum and Haw
bushes, Wafer Ash, Fringe-tree or Old man’s beard (Chionanthus virginica),
Witch-hazel, Blackberries, Buckeye (Aesculus glabra var. monticola),
Copal Sumac and Carolina Ilex. Occasionally there is a stunted Pine or
Cedar bush, and about rocky ledges grow the Juneberry (Amelanchier
canadensis), Gum-elastic (Bumelia lanuginosa) and two shrubby species of
St. John’s-wort (Hypericum prolificum and H. oklahomense). The latter
is much the commoner, and is very abundant in some spots. The bushes
sometimes reach a height of two meters, with stout spreading branches.
Some of the stems near the base are more than two centimeters in diameter,
with shredded or thinly exfoliating bark. Prairie openings and glades,
similar to those mentioned as occurring on Blackfork Mountain, occupy
small areas in the more sterile portions, especially towards the south side.
The grasses and small flowering plants of these open spaces belong for the
most part to common and widely distributed species, characteristic of
the adjacent western prairies.

At an early season a very distinct contrast is noticeable in the vernal
response of the vegetation in the valley and at the top of the mountains.
This is quite out of proportion to the difference in altitude, which generally
is less than 1600 feet (about 500 meters). There is also a distinctly slower
development of verdure on the south than on the north side, towards the

118 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou. v

top of the mountain, while the contrary is true at the lower levels. This
is doubtless to be accounted for by the strong, and at this season cold,
south winds that prevail at the higher level on the windward side, and
conversely to the protection afforded against them by the position of the
valley, and by its somewhat higher humidity. This contrast in the relative
advancement of vegetation at the different levels was most noticeable
when an ascent of the mountain was made from Page, on April 12th, 1922,
the season being a rather backward one. At this time nearly all trees
and shrubs in the valley were in full leaf; Oaks and Hickories were dropping
their staminate flowers; all of the Vacciniums, Black Haw and most
species of Crataegus were in bloom; while such early things as Plums,
Redbud, Sassafras and Juneberry were past flowering. Half way up the
north side of Rich Mountain the Oak and Hickory leaves were less than
half grown; Linden and Sweet Gum were just beginning to leaf out, Dog-
woods and Silverbell-trees were blooming in the coves. A little farther
up the small green flowers of the last named tree were just appearing;
and the little Buckeye and Pink Azalea were in full bloom. On top of
the mountain, Buckeye, Sassafras, Juneberry and Plums were in bud or
just beginning to bloom, while many of the other shrubs and trees were
still quite dormant.

During rainy seasons, especially in the autumn, fogs often prevail
on the mountain top or sometimes settle in the valleys, while at the same
time the sun may be shining on the lower or higher levels. At such times
vegetation becomes thoroughly saturated and drips with moisture although
no rain may fall, and since one can see but a very short distance, to be
caught on the rough mountain side, as happened on one of my trips, is
to say the least not a pleasant experience. When the atmosphere is clear
wonderful views of the surrounding country may be had from some of the
highest points on Rich Mountain, particularly towards the south where
there is little timber on the summit to obstruct the outlook. Range upon
range of wooded mountains are in sight, with occasional small valleys
intervening, in which clearings and settlements stand out in sharp contrast,
and beyond, the blue outlines of the hills merge into each other until lost
on the far horizon. Some attempts at settlement have been made on the
mountain top, especially towards the eastern end. A small tourist hotel
was built above the station of Rich Mountain, Arkansas, several years
ago, but it is not now in operation, and is in a state of dilapidation. There
are also a few other, mostly abandoned, buildings in the same vicinity,
and an occasional woodman’s cabin may be found elsewhere. But so
well has nature held her own here that in most parts one may tramp all
day without meeting a soul, seeing any stock or encountering any other
sign of human occupancy.

The following list of woody plants is compiled from collections made
on several trips at different seasons from Page, Oklahoma, and one in the
autumn of 1923 from Rich Mountain Station, Arkansas.

1924] PALMER, THE LIGNEOUS FLORA OF RICH MOUNTAIN 119

PINACEAE

Pinus echinata Mill. Growing in mixed stands with Oaks, Hickories
and other broad leaved trees in the valley and on the south slopes of the
mountains. It is most abundant on the south side of Blackfork Mountain,
where it extends to the top and in many places constitutes the major
part of the forest. After being cut for several years to supply the saw mills
in the valley this species is still conspicuous, and in inaccessible places
some fine specimens remain.

Juniperus virginiana L. Found occasionally at all levels from the
valley to the mountain tops, but nowhere very abundant or of large size.

LILIACEAE

Yucca glauca Nutt. This low species, with only a woody base, is found
sparingly in the rocky valley of Big Creek, but is more abundant in open
situations on the south slopes of the mountains.

Smilax Bona-nor L. This is the common Sawbriar of the region, and
is particularly abundant in the thickets in the rocky valley, where it is
a great hindrance to the pedestrian.

Smilax hispida Muhl. In thickets and low ground in the valley and on
the lower mountain slopes.

Smilax rotundifolia L. This southern species was noted only in the
valley where it seeks the richest and dampest locations.

Smilax glauca Walt. Uncommon in thickets and open ground both in
the valley and on top of the mountains.

SALICACEAE

Populus balsamifera var. virginiana (Castigl.) Sarg. A few trees were
noted along Big Creek in the lower part of the valley, but it is uncommon
here and not found above Page.

Salix longipes var. Wardii (Bebb) Schneider. This Willow is abundant
in the valley, growing along the margins or amongst the rocks in the shallow
channel of Big Creek, where it is a shrub seldom more than two meters
in height. It is rarely found about pools in the channels of the small
streams on the north side of Rich Mountain.

Salix nigra Marsh. A few small specimens were seen in the valley
near Page, but it is quite rare and apparently absent above this point.

JUGLANDACEAE

Juglans nigra L. Rarely found in the valley, but often abundant
and of large size in the coves and on rich slopes on the north side of the
mountain.

Carya cordiformis (Wang.) K. Koch. Not infrequent along creek
banks in the valley and on the north slopes of the mountain.

Carya cordiformis var. latifolia Sarg. Occasionally found with the
type, and in similar situations.

120 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

Carya ovalis var. obovalis Sarg. This form is rare, if found at all in the
valley, but is more abundant on the north slopes of the mountain.

Carya Buckleyi var. arkansana Sarg. This species is the commonest
Hickory of the valley and lower mountain slopes, but is less abundant at
higher levels.

Carya alba (L.) K. Koch. A common species both in the rocky valley
and on both sides of the mountains, extending to the top, where it is not
infrequent but of smaller size.

Carya alba var. ficoides Sarg. It is interesting to find this form, with
its very distinct fruit, not infrequent on the north slopes of Rich Moun-
tain. It was originally described from a single tree in Southwest Missouri,
but since has turned up in several other widely scattered stations.

BETULACEAE

Betula nigra L. The River Birch grows sparingly along the margins of
Big Creek

Carpinus caroliniana Walt. This species is confined to the valley and
lower slopes, and is most frequent along the rocky banks of the creek.

Ostrya virginiana (Mill.) K. Koch. A common small tree in the rocky
valley, and more or less abundant on the slopes and top of the mountain.

Alnus rugosa (DuRoi) Spreng. A common shrub along the rocky
bars and bed of Big Creek, and sometimes found along its small tribu-
taries as they descend into the valley.

FAGACEAE

Castanea ozarkensis Ashe. The Chinquapin of the Ozark region, which
has recently been described under this name, appears to be sufficiently
distinct from the eastern and southern Castanea pumila, with which it
has long been confused. However, there is much variability in the size
and toothing of the leaves, as well as in their pubescence, and in the size
and shape of the nuts, and I can see no justification for distinguishing
in this region, as the author has done, a second species (Castanea arkan-
sana Ashe) with densely prickly involucres. This species is not rare on both
slopes and on top of the mountains. Here, as elsewhere, it grows usually
as a large arborescent shrub, but occasionally as a tree with a single trunk
and with a maximum height of eight or ten meters.

Castanea Margaretta Ashe. On top of Rich Mountain, above the station
of the same name, in Arkansas, a Chinquapin was collected in fruit, having
involucral spines sparse and remotely set, and appearing to agree generally
with description of this species, to which it is rather doubtfully referred,
as I know little of it.

Fagus grandifolia var. caroliniana (Loud.) Fernald & Rehder. A few
trees of this Beech were found along the creek a short distance east of
Page. It was not noted elsewhere on the mountain slopes in Oklahoma
but is not rare in the vicinity of Mena, Arkansas.

1924] PALMER, THE LIGNEOUS FLORA OF RICH MOUNTAIN 121

Quercus alba L. The White Oak is a common tree throughout. Some
magnificent specimens, with trunks a meter or more in diameter, and attain-
ing a height of 25 or 30 meters, may still be seen in inaccessible places
on the north slopes of Rich Mountain. On top of the mountain it is the
most abundant arborescent species, but attaining only a small size. The
variety latiloba Sarg. grows with the typical form.

Quercus stellata Wang. The Post Oak is very common in the rocky
valley, and is found in open places on the slopes and abundantly on top
of the mountains.

Quercus stellata var. araneosa Sarg. In sandy soil in the valley of
Big Creek. Apparently r

Quercus stellata var. ha wae (Ashe) Sarg. Found rarely in the
valley near Page.

Quercus Muhlenbergii Engelm. The Chinquapin Oak is found rather
sparingly both in the valley and on the slopes and tops of the mountains.

Quercus Phellos L. A few small specimens of the Willow Oak were
found along Big Creek, near Page. Its presence here indicates its greater
adaptibility than its congener, Q. nigra, both species being equally common
in the lowlands of the larger streams of the vicinity.

Quercus borealis var. maxima Ashe. The northern Red Oak is of
rather frequent occurrence on the steep rocky slopes on both sides of the
mountains, but is apparently rare or absent in the valley and on the table-
land of Rich Mountain.

Quercus Shumardii var. Schneckii (Britton) Sarg. This species is found
both in the valley and on the north mountain slopes. In the latter situation
it often becomes a fine large tree.

Quercus rubra L. This species—the Spanish Oak of the books—but
usually called Red Oak in the South, is abundant in the valley but is not
often found at the higher levels.

Quercus velutina Lam. The Black Oak is common both in the rocky
valley and on the slopes and tops of the mountains.

Quercus velutina var. missouriensis Sarg. This rather well marked
variety, with its less deeply cut and permanently pubescent leaves, is
sometimes found here, growing with the typical form.

X Quercus heterophylla Michx. (Q. borealis mazima X Phellos). A hybrid
apparently between these species was found in the valley near Page,
and close to Big Creek. Both of the supposed parent species are growing
in close proximity to it, and since Q. Phellos is rare, it is not surprising
that it should have been cross pollinized by another species. From the
narrow and variable character of the leaves it is evident that the Willow
Oak is one parent, and the Red Oak is suggested by the texture and lack
of pubescens in the foliage and by the character of buds and branchlets,
as well as by its proximity. Although of adult size there was no fruit
when the specimens were collected.

122 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v
ULMACEAE

Ulmus americana L. Found in the valley and more rarely along ravines

and ledges on the mountains, but nowhere common.
Imus fulua Michx. Comparatively rare on bluffs and steep slopes.

Ulmus alata Michx. This is the commonest elm of the area, and is
found both in the valley and on the mountain tops and more rarely on
the slopes

Celtis taasijil Willd. Rarely found in the valley along Big Creek.

Celtis laevigata var. texana (Scheele) Sarg. A few specimens of this
southwestern form were seen in the valley near Page.

Celtis pumila Pursh. This shrubby species is occasionally found on
exposed slopes and ledges on the south side of the mountains.

Celtis pumila var. georgiana (Small) Sarg. This form, with pubescent
leaves and branchlets, grows in similar situations to the last. It is here a
slender straggling shrub, seldom more than one to two meters tall.

MORACEAE

Morus rubra L. The Mulberry is found sparingly in the rocky valley
and on the lower slopes of the mountains. It was not noted on top,
although it may perhaps occur there.

LORANTHACEAE

Phoradendron flavescens (Pursh) Nutt. Confined to the valley and
lower slopes, where it grows on Ulmus, Quercus, Nyssa and perhaps other
genera.

MENISPERMACEAE

Menispermum canadense L. Found in thickets in the valley and in
coves on the north side of the mountain, but nowhere abundant.
Cocculus carolinus (L.) DC. Sometimes frequent in thickets in the
valley.
MAGNOLIACEAE

Magnolia acuminata L. The Cucumber tree is found along the rocky
banks of Big Creek in the upper part of the valley. On the Arkansas side,
it extends to the top of Rich Mountain. Farther west, in Oklahoma, it
is confined to the steep north slopes of the mountain, but there it is often
abundant and of maximum size.

Magnolia tripetala L. The Umbrella tree was observed only towards
the east end of Rich Mountain, in Arkansas, where it grows in coves and
on rich north slopes. It is not improbable that it may occur somewhere
on the Oklahoma side of the line, although we have no record of it. Speci-
mens distributed under this name by G. W. Stevens, from Page, Oklahoma,
which I have examined in several herbaria, are all of the preceding
species.

1924] PALMER, THE LIGNEOUS FLORA OF RICH MOUNTAIN 128
ANONACEAE

Asimina triloba (L.) Dunal. The Papaw is found occasionally in the
valley and more abundantly in the north facing coves of the mountain
side.

LAURACEAE

Sassafras officinale Nees & Eberm. This is an abundant shrub or
small tree in the valley, and is even more frequent on the table land at
the top of Rich Mountain.

Benzoin aestivale (L.) Nees. The Spicebush grows as an undershrub
in the rich woods of the valley, and extends to the top of the mountain,
but it is most abundant in coves on the north slopes.

SAXIFRAGACEAE

Hydrangea arborescens L. This shrub is found on cool shaded banks at
all levels, but is most abundant along the rocky ravines and in the rich
coves on the north side of Rich Mountain.

Philadelphus pubescens Loisel. This handsome shrub grows only along
rocky ravines and benches well up on the north slopes of the mountain,
but in such situations it is often abundant.

Philadelphus pubescens var. intectus (Beadle) Rehd. This variety,
distinguished by its glabrous or only slightly pubescent leaves, is found
here with the typical form, but is less abundant.

Ribes Cynosbati L. This prickly-fruited northern Gooseberry is also
confined to the higher slopes on the north side of the mountain. It is
sometimes found on rocky ledges, but is most frequent on the great rubble
heaps or rock slides that form such a curious feature of the mountain side.

Ribes curvatum Small. This low southern species grows sparingly
along ledges near the top of Rich Mountain.

HAMAMELIDACEAE

Hamamelis macrophylla Pursh. This southern Witchhazel grows both
in the valley and on the north slopes and top of Rich Mountain. In
protected situations, especially at the lower altitude, it becomes a large
shrub, sometimes four or five meters tall and with stems fully a decimeter
in diameter. Higher up it often grows in great patches, most of the plants
being under half a meter in height.

Hamamelis vernalis Sarg. The spring blooming species of the Ozarks
is found along the rocky banks and bed of Big Creek

Liquidambar Styraciflua L. The Sweet Gum is a common forest tree
in the valley. It also grows on the north slopes, where it attains a very
large size.

PLATANACEAE

Platanus occidentalis L. Only a few specimens of the Sycamore were

seen along Big Creek, in the lower part of the valley.

124 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou. v

Platanus occidentalis var. glabrata (Fernald) Sarg. This variety,
with the leaves early glabrate and with its lobes entire, was collected
on the rocky banks of Big Creek a short distance below Page.

ROSACEAE

Amelanchier canadensis L. The Juneberry is found on open rocky
ledges from the valley to the top of the mountain. It is usually shrubby,
seldom exceeding two or three meters in height.

Crataegus Bushii Sarg. A small tree occasionally found in thickets
and open woods in the valley.

Crataegus bracteata Sarg. This species, of the Pruinosae group, was
collected and observed in several places on top of Rich Mountain.

Crataegus spathulata Michx. This southern Red Haw is frequent in the
rocky valley and on the south slopes of Blackfork Mountain. It is of
small size here, rarely exceeding two or three meters in height.

Crataegus apiifolia Michx. The Parsley-leaved Haw, also a southern
species of the Microcarpae group, grows in similar situations to the last.
It is even more abundant than its congener on the open rocky slopes of
the mountains, where it is usually a low bush not more than a meter or
two in height.

Crataegus pagensis Sarg. The type locality for this shrubby species
is, as the name indicates, near Page. It is rather abundant in the rocky
valley and on the lower slopes on the south side of Blackfork Mountain.
It is a very spiny intricately branched shrub, from one to two meters in
height. The flowers are large and handsome.

Crataegus straminea Beadle. This species grows in similar situations
to the last and is about as common. Although of similar habit and belong-
ing to the same group, the two are quite distinct in character of fruit,
flowers and leaves.

There are perhaps two or three other species of Crataegus growing
here, although the genus is not abundantly represented.

Prunus serotina Ehrh. The wild cherry is not uncommon both in the
valley and on the mountain sides.

Prunus Munsoniana Wight & Hedrick. Occasionally found in thickets
in the valley and on top of the mountain.

Prunus lanata (Sudworth) Mackenzie & Bush. A small tree plum of
the American group, with pubescent leaves, has been referred to this species,
although it is probably distinct from the type described from western
Missouri. Frequent in thickets in the valley and in open ground on top
of Rich Mountain.

Prunus mexicana Wats. This is here a small tree growing in similar
situations to the last species, which it somewhat resembles. The leaves,
however, of this southwestern species are generally larger and more rugosely
veined than in any other American plum.

1924} PALMER, THE LIGNEOUS FLORA OF RICH MOUNTAIN 125

Rubus occidentalis L. The wild Raspberry grows in thickets and on
rocky ledges on the north side of the mountain.

Rubus flagillaris var. invisus Bailey. This Dewberry is common in
rocky ground, both in the valley and on the mountain slopes.

Rubus frondosus Bigel. Found in thickets in the valley and on the north
side of the mountain.

Rubus Andrewsianus Blanchard. This Blackberry, with upright or
slightly arched stout canes, is very abundant in thickets in the valley
and on the tableland at the top of Rich Mountain.

There is evidence of at least two other species of Rubus in this locality,
one of them resembling Rubus canadensis L., and perhaps referable to that
species, but with the incomplete material available I am unable to identify
them definitely.

Rosa setigera var. tomentosa Torr. & Gray. Found in thickets and open
places in the valley, but not common.

Rosa subserrulata Rydb. This little Rose is common throughout much
of the Ozark region. In this locality it is sometimes found in the valley,
but is much more common on the rocky mountain sides and on top, where
it sometimes grows in patches covering many square meters. The plants
are usually low, often not more than two or three decimeters in height,
although in protected situations they are sometimes nearly a meter tall.
With its hispid prickly stems, sharply serrate leaves and somewhat glandu-
lar foliage and inflorescence, it is an easily recognizable and well marked
species.

LEGUMINOSAE

Gleditsia triacanthos L. The Honey-locust is sometimes found in the
valley, but it is not common.

Cercis canadensis L. The Redbud is a common small tree found in the
valley and on top of the mountains, and less frequently in open places
on the rocky slopes.

Robinia Pseudoacacia L. The Black Locust is a common species on
the rocky slopes of the mountains on both sides of the valley, and it
sometimes descends to the rocky creek banks. It is undoubtedly native
on these mountains and through much of the southern Ozark region.

Amorpha fruticosa L. This shrub was noted only along the margins of
Big Creek and its tributaries in the valley.

Amorpha tennessensis Shuttlw. This species, which closely resembles
the last, grows in similar situations.

Amorpha glabra Desf. Sometimes found in the rocky valley, but much
more common in glades and open rocky places on the south slopes of
Blackfork Mountain. It is a tree-like shrub, sometimes more than two
meters tall.

RUTACEAE

Ptelea trifoliata L. Found in rocky thickets in the valley, but most

abundant on the mountain tops.

126 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v
ANACARDIACEAE

Rhus canadensis Marsh. The Aromatic Sumac is found in thickets and
open rocky ground from the valley to the summits of the mountains.

Rhus trilobata Nutt. This taller and much stouter species grows in
thickets and on rocky ledges. It is most abundant on the tableland at
the mountain top.

Rhus Toxicodendron L. The Poison Ivy is a common shrub or climber
in thickets and open woods at all levels. There are evidently two, and
perhaps three, forms or varieties, which have not been distinguished,
growing here. There is marked variation in the size, lobing and pubescens
of the leaves, in the upright or scandent habit, and in the time of flowering.

Rhus glabra L. The Smooth Sumac is found in thickets both in the
valley and at the top of the mountains.

Rhus copallina L. This species grows in similar situations to the last,
and is more common.

AQUIFOLIACEAE

Ilex opaca Ait. The evergreen Holly is found only in the valley, where
it grows in sandy bogs or along the creek banks.

Ilex caroliniana (Walt.) Trel. This southern species grows abundantly
along the rocky ravines on the north slopes of Rich Mountain. It is also
common, but of small size, in thickets at the top of the mountain.

Ilex decidua Walt. This deciduous species is common in thickets and
woods, especially in the valley, but is also found in the mountain top.
It sometimes becomes a small tree 5 or 6 meters tall.

CELASTRACEAE

Evonymus americanus L. This pretty little shrub is found occasionally
in sandy bogs and on moist banks at the lower levels.

Evonymus atropurpureus Jacq. The Wahoo grows in thickets and
open woods, being most abundant in the valley, but sometimes found at
the mountain top.

STAPHYLACEAE

Staphylea trifolia L. The Staff-tree is common in the rich coves and
on fertile slopes on the north side of the mountain.

ACERACEAE

Acer saccharum Marsh. The typical Sugar Maple is found occasionally
in woods in the valley.

Acer saccharum var. glaucum Sarg. This is the common Sugar Maple
of the Ozark region, and it grows abundantly and of large size, here in
the valley and on the north slopes of the mountain.

Acer saccharinum L. The Silver Maple is rather rare, and found only
along the margins of Big Cveek.

1924] PALMER, THE LIGNEOUS FLORA OF RICH MOUNTAIN 127

Acer rubrum L. The Red Maple is a common tree of the valley and
also frequent on rocky ledges and slopes on both sides of the mountains.

Acer rubrum var. tridens Wood. This variety is found in the valley
and on ledges on the north mountain slopes.

Acer Negundo L. The Box Elder grows along the rocky margins of
Big Creek, and is more rarely seen at higher levels.

HIPPOCASTANACEAE

Aesculus glabra var. monticola Sarg. This recently described Buckeye
was found here only at the higher levels on the north side of Rich Mountain,
and on the tableland at the summit. It is a slender branching shrub,
from 0.5 to 1.5 meters tall, and often grows gregariously. It is very con-
spicuous in bloom on account of the large size of the flower spike in pro-
portion to the whole plant. Its small fruit, low shrubby habit and
peculiar foliage make it very distinct from all other related forms.

TILIACEAE

Tilia floridana Small. This fine southern Linden grows in sandy
woods in the valley, and more abundantly on the north slopes of the moun-
tain. In the latter situation it often becomes a tree 20 to 25 meters tall,
and with a trunk diameter of a meter or more. It is also rarely found on
top of the mountain, where it is of small size.

Tilia floridana var. hypoleuca Sarg. This form, with leaves pale or
silvery beneath, from a white powdery coating, is frequent on the mountain
side.

RHAMNACEAE

Rhamnus caroliniana Walt. This rather attractive little tree, known
as Indian Cherry, is found sparingly in thickets along the creek.

Ceanothus americanus L. Grows in rocky ground in the valley and in
open woods on the south slopes of the mountains. Not very abundant.

Ceanothus ovatus Desf. This species is apparently rather rare. It
grows in similar situations to the last.

Berchemia scandens (Hilt) Trel. This stout woody twiner is very
common in thickets in the valley, and sometimes also grows in glades on
the mountain sides and on the summit. It is popularly called Supple-
jack in some sections, but in the Southwest it is usually known as Rattan
vine.

VITACEAE

Vitis rotundifolia Michx. The Muscadine is very common in thickets
in the valley and along rocky creek banks. It is also sometimes found at
higher levels. It usually spreads over low bushes or climbs on small trees,
but never to a height of more than a few meters. The fruit is large and
sweet, and is quite agreeable when ripe, in late autumn.

128 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou v

Vitis cinerea Engelm. This winter grape is found in the valley, growing
in thickets along the creek, and also in open situations on the north side
of the mountain.

Vitis cordifolia Michx. Occasionally found in the valley, where it is a
high climber in trees, and more abundantly about the margins of rock
slides, on the north slopes of the mountain. In the latter situations it is
usually prostrate upon the rocks.

Vitis Linsecomii var. glauca Munson. This Southwestern species
grows on rocky banks and in dry open woods on the mountain slopes.
It can easily be recognized by its large firm leaves, purple-glaucous branch-
lets and depressed-globose berries, about a centimeter in diameter.

Parthenocissus quinquefolia var. hirsuta Planch. This pubescent form
of the Virginia Creeper is frequent in the valley and occasionally found at
higher levels. It is a stout climber on trees and sometimes on rocky
bluffs.

THYMELAEACEAE

Dirca palustris L. This curious northern shrub, commonly known as
Leatherwood, from its tough supple branches, was found along a little
north-facing bluff of Big Creek.

GUTTIFERAE

Ascyrum stans Michx. This slender shrub is found rarely in sandy
boggy ground and on moist banks in the valley.

Ascyrum hypericoides L. The little St. Andrew’s-cross grows abund-
antly in dry rocky ground, especially on the south slopes.

Hypericum prolificum L. This tall shrubby species of St. John’s-wort
is quite common in places along the rocky margins of Big Creek, and is
also abundant in open ground on top of the mountains.

Hypericum oklahomense, sp. nov.!

Stems erect or spreading, diffusely branched above, the young branch-
lets slightly ancipital, leaves narrowly lanceolate or obovate, principal ones
5 to 10 mm. wide, 4 to 6 cm. long, abruptly pointed at apex, gradually taper-
ing into a petiole-like base, distinctly finely punctate on the upper surface,
of firm texture, with revolute margins, often with conspicuous fascicles
of small leaves at their bases; bracts of inflorescence ovate or short oblong,
broad-based; capsules narrowly ovoid or subulate, 12 to 15 mm. long,
including the beak, which is often fully half as long as the body, 2 to 3.5

‘Hypericum oklahomense, sp. nov.

rutex erectus, 0.5-2 m. altus, interdum minor, ramis subteretibus cinereo-brunneis
ramulisque ancipitibus; folia ramulorum anguste obovata vel lanceolata, abrupte acuta,
basin versus sensim attenuata, superne punctata, margine involuta, 4-6 cm. longa, 5-10 mm.
lata, saepe foliis fasciculatis multo minoribus in axillis; cyma terminalis composite dicho-
toma, subfoliosa, sparsiflora; capsula anguste ovoidea vel cylindrica, 5-locularis et manifeste
5-lobata, rostro incluso 12-15 mm. longa, 2-3.5 mm. lata, in rostrum longum attenuata;
flores ignoti.

1924] PALMER, THE LIGNEOUS FLORA OF RICH MOUNTAIN 129

mm. thick, 5-celled and deeply 5-lobed, with sharp ridges and sutures,
rarely 4-celled or less; inflorescence scattered at the ends of the branches;
flowers not seen.

A shrub often less than 5 decimeters in height on dry rocky slopes,
but in the protection of rocky ledges '.ecoming nearly or quite 2 meters
tall, with thin, freely exfoliating brownish-gray bark. This species appears
to be most closely related to Hypericum lobocarpum Gattinger, of central
Tennessee, but differs from it markedly in its firmer, narrower leaves,
with more conspicuous fascicles of smaller ones in their axils, in its more
scattered inflorescence and in the more slender sharply lobed capsules.
The habitat also is quite different, Hypericum lobocarpum growing in dense
swamps, according to the description. In appearance our plant more
closely resembles Hypericum densiflorum Pursh.

CACTACEAE

Opuntia humifusa Raf. This low growing species of Prickly Pear is
found locally in rocky glades on the slopes and top of the mountain.

NYSSACEAE

Nyssa sylvatica Marsh. The Black Gum is an abundant forest tree both
in the valley and on the slopes and tops of the mountains. It attains
its largest size on the north side of Rich Mountain, where there are many
fine specimens.

ARALIACEAE

Aralia spinosa L. This small spiny tree grows in the coves and on rich
slopes on the north side of the mountain. It is not common.

CORNACEAE

Cornus florida L. The Flowering Dogwood is a common small tree in
the valley and on top of the mountains. It is found also in open woods
on the mountain sides.

Cornus obliqua Raf. This western form of the Silky Dogwood or Kin-
nikinnik is very common along the margins and in the rocky bed of Big
Creek and its tributaries in the valley. It is also found along the ravines
and mountain torrents on the north side of Rich Mountain.

ERICACEAE

Rhododendron roseum Rehd. ‘This beautiful Azalea, known in this
vicinity and generally in the Southwest as wild Honeysuckle, is found
in the valley and on the rocky slopes of Rich Mountain, where it is often
very abundan

Ride teideon oblongifolium (Small) Millais. Found only along the
rocky banks of Big Creek and in moist rocky ground in the valley. It

180 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

blooms nearly a month later than the last species, and after the leaves are
nearly grown. The flowers are pale pink in the bud, but soon fade to white,
and are much smaller than in R. roseum.

Vaccinium arboreum Marsh. The Tree Huckleberry, so-called, is
usually only a shrub in size here. It is abundant in the more open rocky
parts of the valley and on top of the mountains, but is most common
on dry rocky slopes and in glades on the south slopes, where plants less
than half a meter in height were noted in fruit.

Vaccinium arboreum var. glaucescens (Greene) Sarg. The form with
leaves pale and glaucous beneath is found with the type, but is less abund-
ant.

Vaccinium stamineum L. This shrub, which grows to a height of from
five decimeters to a meter, is very common in rocky ground, especially
on the south slopes of Blackfork Mountain. It is also sometimes found
in the valley and on top of the mountains.

Vaccinium vacillans var. crinitum Fernald. This is the common low
Huckleberry of the Ozark region, and is one of the most abundant shrubs
in rocky ground in the valley, on the south slopes and on the mountain
tops. In the glades and rocky openings, where it covers many acres, it
seldom exceeds 3 or 4 decimeters in height. The fruit is abundant and
is often gathered by the country people. The name Blueberry, by which
it is known in the Eastern States, is not recognized here.

Xolisma ligustrina (L.) Britton. This shrub is confined to wet rocky
and sandy places in the valley, in close proximity to the streams.

SAPOTACEAE

Bumelia lanuginosa (Michx.) Pers. This small southwestern tree is
not rare in open rocky ground in the valley and on top of the mountains.
It also occurs in glades and on dry rocky slopes on the south side of the
mountains. In the Southwest it is generally known as Gum-elastic, and
in this section it is sometimes called Chittim-wood.

EBENACEAE

Diospyros virginiana L. The Persimmon is not uncommon in rocky
ground in the valley and on the tableland at the top of the mountains.

Diospyros virginiana var. platycarpa Sarg. This variety, with its
larger, earlier ripening fruit and pubescent leaves, is commoner than the
typical form here, as throughout most of the Ozark region.

STYRACEAE

Halesia monticola var. vestita Sarg. A few small specimens of the
Silverbell-tree were seen in the valley along the rocky creek banks, but it
is abundant far up on the north slopes of Rich Mountain and in the
rich coves.

1924] PALMER, THE LIGNEOUS FLORA OF RICH MOUNTAIN 181

OLEACEAE

Frazinus americana L. The White Ash is rather abundant in the valley
and on the north slopes of the mountains. In the latter situation it attains
its largest size. It probably also occurs less frequently at all levels.

Chionanthus virginica L. This attractive shrub or small tree, known
throughout this region locally as Old Man’s Beard, from its abundant
fringe-like white flowers appearing in early spring, is common in the rocky
valley, and is sometimes also found on top of Rich Mountain.

VERBENACEAE

Callicarpa americana L. This shrub, sometimes called French Mul-
berry, grows in the valley, and is usually found in rocky ground along
the margins of the creek. It is very conspicuous and ornamental in the
autumn on account of its large axillary clusters of purplish-red fruit.

RUBIACEAE

Cephalanthus occidentalis L. ‘The Button-bush, or as it is called in
this section, the Button Willow, is found rarely along the margins of Big
Creek

CAPRIFOLIACEAE

Viburnum rufidulum Raf. This southern species of Black Haw grows
rather sparingly in thickets and open woods in the valley and on top of
the mountains. It sometimes becomes a small tree 5 or 6 meters in height.

Symphoricarpos orbiculatus Moench. This little shrub, known through-
out this section as Buck-brush, is found in thickets and open rocky ground
in the valley and on the mountain tops, but it is not common.

Since the area we are considering embraces only a single mountain
valley, a few miles in length, and its enclosing ridges, the flora is naturally
not a representative one for the entire sub-region, but only of certain
phases of it. The most noticeable deficiencies in the list of trees and shrubs
given above are the distinctly lowland and aquatic species, such as the
Bald Cypress, Swamp Hickory, Water Oak, Bur Oak, Overcup Oak,
Planer-tree, Cedar Elm (Ulmus crassifolia), Swamp Honey-locust, Pecan,
Small Cain, Green Haw, (Crataegus viridis), White-wood (Forestiera
acuminata) and Green Ash, all of which are abundant in the alluvial flood
plains and swamps of the Arkansas River, fifty or sixty miles to the north,
and most of them found much nearer, along small streams, including the
Quachita, and branches of the Poteau and Little River, all having their
sources in these highlands. To anyone familiar with the flora of the more
typical portions of the Ozark region, and especially the plateau section,
the comparative paucity of the prairie flora in the glades and openings, or
at least the absence of the peculiar isolated relic colonies and species so
abundant northward, will be apparent. This is the more obvious on

132 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou. v

account of the proximity of this area to the western prairies and closer
geographical connection with the Southwest.

These deficiencies are, however, more than compensated by the
presence here of many northern and eastern species. And it is to this
element that the flora owes its peculiar interest. Amongst this class the
following species may be mentioned:

Magnolia acuminata Robinia Pseudoacacia
Magnolia tripetala Lonicera flava

Ribes Cynosbati Dirca palustris

Philadelphus pubescens Rhododendron roseum
Amorpha glabra Halesia monticola var. vestita

and of less significance such widely distributed species as Quercus borealis
var. mazima, Menispermum canadense, H ydrangea arborescens and Staphy-
lea trifoliata, all of which are near the southwestern limits of their range
here. This list of trees and shrubs, although not a very long one, neverthe-
less, constitutes about ten per cent of the total, and if to them were added
the herbaceous species, which are perhaps relatively more numerous, it
could be made much more impressive. Most of these plants are not un-
known northward in the Boston Mountains and some of them even in the
deep valleys and canyons along the southern margin of the Ozark plateau,
but they occur there only in a few peculiar and isolated spots, and these
become rarer and more widely separated as we advance northward.
Magnolia acuminata is found along the margins of the old Mississippi
Embayment, in southeastern Missouri and southern Illinois. It also turns
up at a number of scattered localities in the Boston Mountains of northern
Arkansas and we have records of it as far northwest as Eureka Springs,
and along tributaries of the White River, in Barry County, Missouri.
Magnolia tripetala is much rarer and more restricted in this region. Besides
the station mentioned here, on the north side of Rich Mountain, I have
seen it only in swampy lowlands in Hot Springs County, Arkansas. It
has been reported a number of times from other parts of the Ozark region,
and of course may rarely occur elsewhere, but most of these reports seem
to have been based on wrong determinations of M agnolia acuminata, and
in one instance at least I have seen leaves of Asimina triloba masquerading
under this label. Ribes Cynosbati is also found in southeastern Missouri,
and on high, north-facing bluffs of Current River in Shannon County,
Missouri, and of James River in Stone County. In Arkansas, besides the
locality described here, I have collected it on Magazine Mountain, in Logan
County, where it is abundant on the north bluffs. Philadelphus pubescens
has a more southern range, although growing in similar situations, usually
in sandstone areas. The most northern stations at which I have seen it
in the Ozark region are along Buffalo River, a tributary of White River,
in Marion County, Arkansas, and at Jasper, Newton County, in the same
state. Amorpha glabra appears to be one of the most restricted species in
this region. The only other place at which I have seen it is on Magazine

1924] PALMER, THE LIGNEOUS FLORA OF RICH MOUNTAIN 133

Mountain, Arkansas. It may be expected to occur on some of the other
higher mountains.

Robinia Pseudoacacia is much more abundant and widely distributed.
It was commonly planted as an ornamental and shade tree about dwellings
in the early history of the western lands settled by people from its center
of distribution, and since it, like them, was of hardy and prolific stock, it
took readily to the country and became widely naturalized. It has been said
that the early Kentucky pioneer, when he started to seek a new home in the
west, filled one pocket with buck shot and the other with seeds of the Black
Locust; and wherever he settled it soon appeared. As to theother commod-
ity, it may, like the dragon teeth of the fable, have gone out as allies to
the hunters and woodsmen, aiding them to conquer the country which their
descendants still dominate. However, to get back to our subject, this
tree grows so abundantly on these mountains, in situations so remote
from settlements, and where the flora is so uncontaminated, that there
can be no doubt of its being indigenous here, and over a large part of the
southern Ozark region.

Lonicera flava is also found rather frequently in the rougher parts of
the Ozarks. But it evidently belongs in this association, ranging, as it
does, from the mountains of North Carolina, through Tennessee and Ken-
tucky. Dirca palustris is the most northern in its general distribution of
any of the woody species found here. It grows from New Brunswick to
Virginia, and through the Central States, although generally rare west of
the Mississippi River. It is known in southeastern Missouri, and at a
few isolated stations as far west as the James River in Stone County.
Near Eureka Springs, in northwestern Arkansas, it is sufficiently abundant
to have given the name Leatherwood Creek to a small stream. And it
has been found some distance west of the Rich Mountain station, near
Muskogee, Oklahoma. Rhododendron roseum has a similar range eastward,
but has been found in Missouri only in the St. Francois Mountain section
of the southeastern part of the state. It also occurs at one or two localities
in southwestern Illinois.

Halesia monticola var. vestita is perhaps the most interesting, as it is
the most restricted of the eastern woody species found in the Rich Moun-
tain area. It is rather closely allied to Halesia carolina, which is found
from Virginia and Florida to Kentucky and southern Illinois. The species
found here has a similar though more restricted range, and is distinctly
a tree of the mountains. It has previously been found at only one other
locality west of the Mississippi River: along the Little Red River, in Cle-
burn County, Arkansas. It may be expected, however, to turn up in inter-
vening stations.

It will be noted that the forest flora of this area is made up for the
most part of species common in the Coastal plain to the south, as is the
case over the entire Ozark region. The presence in these isolated and
protected situations of a number of species having their center of distri-

134 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou v

bution along the Atlantic coast and in the southern Appalachians con-
stitutes a notable extension westward of that flora and indicates its former
wide migration westward and southward. The comparative paucity of
species in the prairie openings and glades, or at least the absence of colonies
of peculiar xerophytic plants of the western and southwestern plains,
which constitutes so conspicuous a feature of the typical Ozark region to
the north, would seem to indicate that this western plains flora, which
under arid conditions unquestionably prevailed over much of the plateau
section before the advance of the present forest, did not extend south of
the Arkansas River, nor continuously at least, into the more rugged Boston
Mountain area.

Any adequate discussion, however, of these questions would involve
a more detailed study of the entire flora, and especially of the herbaceous
plants of the glades and barrens, which is beyond our present purpose.
It is proposed in a subsequent paper to give an account of some other
interesting localities in this part of the region, and to see what light they
throw on the history of the Ozark forests.

FORSYTHIA VIRIDISSIMA VAR. KOREANA
ALFRED REHDER
Forsythia viridissima var. koreana, var. nov.
Forsythia suspensa Palibin in Act. Hort. Petrop. xvi. 155 (Fl. Kor. 1. 9)
(1 , quoad specimina citata.—Nakai in Jour. Coll. Sci. Tokyo, xxxr. 89
(Fl. Kor. 1.) (1911), quoad specimina citata.—Non Vahl.

Forsythva viridissima Nakai in Jour. Coll. Sci. Tokyo, xxx1. 89 (Fl. Kor. 11.)
(1911), quoad specimina citata; Fl. Sylv. Kor. x. 19, t. 2 (1921), excl. autor.
plurimis citatis—Non Lindley.

Frutex ramis patentibus arcuato-dependentibus; medulla continue
lamellata sine diaphragmatibus. Folia indivisa, rarissime in turionibus
vegetis trisecta, ovato-lanceolata vel oblongo-lanceolata, 5-12 cm. longa
et 1.6-4.5 cm. lata, acuminata, basi late cuneata vel sensim attenuata,
basi excepta vel tantum supra medium serrata vel serrulata, interdum
integra vel fere integra, glaberrima, rarissime subtus pilis paucissimis
instructa (in no. 10740 Wilsonii). Flores solitarii; pedicelli initio recurvi
vel penduli, sub anthesi patentes, apice excepto dense bracteati, sepala
ovalia vel ovali-oblonga, tubo corollae manifeste breviora interdum dimi-
dium tubum tantum aequantia; corolla 1.8-2.5 cm. longa. Fructus non
visi, secundum cl. Nakai ovato-attenuata, 1.5-2 cm. longa et 7-10 mm.
lata, verrucosa, valvis medio impressis.

Korea. Prov. Keiki, near Keijyo ‘in Seoul frequens,” U.
Faurie, no. 201, May 1901; Poukhan-san, side of a spring, probably planted,
E. H. Wilson, no. 10740, September 24, 1918. Prov. South Hei-
nan, Chinnampo, J. G. Jack, September 17, 1905. Prov. South

1924} REHDER, FORSYTHIA VIRIDISSIMA VAR. KOREANA 185

Keisho, Chirisan, common by roadsides and stream-sides, alt. 600-
1845 m., E. H. Wilson, no. 9607, November 14, 1917.

Cuttivatep. Korea: Keiyjo, Chosen Hotel, E. H. Wilson, no.
11241 Jan. 6, 1919 (flowers forced in the house). Arnold Arbore-
tum: December 24, 1919 (seedlings), October 14, 1920 and (forced
flowers) February 12, 1924 (plants raised from seed received from the
Forest Department of Korea in 1919); April and September 1917 (plants
received from Yokohama Nursery Company in 1915 as Forsythia spec.
from Korea).

From typical F. viridissima Lindley of which there are specimens from
Kiangsu, Chekiang and Fokien in this herbarium besides those from cul-
tivated plants, the variety differs chiefly in the more spreadnig habit,
larger and brighter colored flowers, longer and narrower sepals and in the
more closely and finely serrate generally ovate-oblong or ovate lanceolate
leaves, broadest about or below the middle and often broad-cuneate at
the base. In typical F. viridissima the leaves are generally narrow and of
an oblong-obovate or oblanceolate type, being broadest above or about the
middle and narrow-cuneate at base, the serration is coarser, usually con-
fined to the part above the middle and the leaves are more often entire,
while on leaves of the more vigorous shoots of the variety the serration,
which is coarser but with ascending mostly rounded teeth not flaring as
in the type, extends to near the base; on very vigorous shoots occasionally,
though apparently very rarely, trifid leaves are produced which I have
never seen in typical F. virtdissima.

From the hybrid F. intermedia Zabel (F. suspensa X viridissima)
to which the variety bears some resemblance in habit and in the shape of
its leaves, it is easily distinguished by the continuous lamellate pith,
interrupted in the hybrid by solid diaphragms at the nodes and partly
wanting in the internodes particularly of vigorous branches; in F. suspensa
the internodes are quite hollow and the pith reduced to diaphragms at
the nodes. The hybrid seems to occur also in Korean gardens, for there
is a specimen before me collected by J. G. Jack in Seoul, September 22,
1905, from a cultivated plant, and a specimen collected by Dr. R. G. Mills,
also at Seoul, on April 16, 1914, which both are referable to the hybrid,
also specimens collected by E. H. Wilson (no. 6368) in the Tokyo Botanic
Garden, on April 5 and July 12, 1914, from plants named Forsythia
viridissima from Korea, belong here and so did part of the cuttings from
these plants sent in 1915 by the Yokohama Nursery Company as Forsythia
spec. from Korea, while at least one of these plants was the true F. viridis-
sima var. koreana. As an ornamental plant the variety is to be | referred
to the typical form, as it is of better, less stiff habit and has more brightly
colored flowers and possibly is hardier.

Oo _

JOURNAL

OF THE

ARNOLD ARBORETUM

VoLuME V JULY, 1924 NuMBER 3

ENUMERATION OF THE LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF NORTHERN
CHINA, IT!
ALFRED REHDER
LARDIZABALACEAE TO ROSACEAE
LARDIZABALACEAE

Decaisnea ant Franchet in Jour. de Bot. v1. 234 (1892).—Rehder
& Wilson in Sargen Pl. Wilson. 1. 343 (1913).

Decaisnea insignis ick in Bot. Jahrb. xxrx. 342 (1900); xxxvi. beibl. Lxxxu.
44 (1905).

Suensi: Tai pei shan, alt. 2300-2600 m., W. Purdom, no. 501, 1910;
““Mte. Kian san,” G. Giraldi, August 4, 1897.—See also Diels, |. c., and
Rehder & Wilson, I. c.

DistripuTion: also Hupeh, Szechuan, Hunan (PI. Sin. cur. Handel-
Mazzetti, no. 103), Yunnan.

Akebia quinata Decaisne in Arch. Mus. Paris, 1. 195, t. 18a (1839).—
Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. xx. 30 (1886).—Diels in Bot. Jahrb. XXIx.
344 (1900).—Gilg in Bot. Jahrb. xxxrv. beibl. Lxxv. 28 (1904). —Loesener
in Bot. Centralbl. Beih. xxxvu. abt. m. 124 (1919).—Hers in Jour.
China Branch R. As. Soc. Litt. 106 (1922); Liste Ess. Lign. Honan, 2 (1922).

Syantuna: Lau shan, 0. Nebel (ex Gilg, 1. c.); Cape Ya tau, A. Engler,
B. Krug (ex Loesener, |. c.).

Norruprn Kiancsu: Liu lin shan, near Haichow, J. Hers, no. 602, May
5, 1921.

Honan: without locality (ex Hers, I. ¢

Suensi: Tsin ling shan, P. J. Piasezki = Hemsley, I. c., and Diels, I. c.).

Distrrpution: also Hupeh, Kiangsi, Chekiang; Korea, Japan.

Akebia lobata Decaisne in Arch. Mus. Paris, 1. 196, t. 13b (1839).—
Diels in Bot. Jahrb. xxrx. 344 (1900).

Honan: Yung ning, Tsi li ping, alt. 1100 m., J. Hers, no. 418, May 22,
1919, Teng feng, Yu tai shan, alt. 800 m., J. Hers, no. 278, June 17, 1919;
without precise locality, J. Hers, no. 32, 1918.

Syanst: Hia hsien, Huang hai kow, J. Hers, no. 1848, October 2, 1921.

SHeEnsi: several localities, G. Giraldi (ex Diels, |. c.).

DistrrisuTion (of the type): Kiangsi, Hunan, Hupeh, Szechuan; Japan.

1¥For Part I, see Vol. IV, p. 117.

138 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

Akebia lobata var. australis Diels in Bot. Jahrb. xx1x. 344 (1900).—
Bailey, Gent. Herb. 1. 23 (1920).—Hers in Jour. N. China Branch R. As.
Soc. Li. 106 (1922); Liste Ess. Lign. Honan, 2 (1922).

Honan: Yung ning, Tsi li ping, J. Hers, no. 418”, May 22, 1919;
Chikung shan, L. H. Bailey (ex Bailey, 1. ¢.).

Disrrisution: also Hupeh, Kiangsi, Szechuan, Yunnan.

Though Hers’ no. 4185 has entire leaflets like the variety, it may
belong to the type; the leaves are too young to show the coriaceous texture
characteristic of the variety.

BERBERIDACEAE

Nandina domestica Thunberg, Nov. Gen. Pl. 1. 15 (1781); Fl. Jap. 9
(1784).—Bunge in Mém. Div. Sav. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. 1. 78 (Enum.
PI. Chin. Bor. 4) (1833).—Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. xx. 32 (1886) .—
Gilg in Bot. Jahrb. xxxiv. beibl. txxv. 35 (1904).—Loesener in Bot.
Centralbl. Beih. xxxvir. abt. m1. 124 (1919).—Bailey, Gent. Herb. 1. 23
(1920).—Hers in Jour. N. China Branch R. As. Soc. tur. 112 (1922) ;
Liste Ess. Lign. Honan, 19 (1922).

Cmixi: Peking, cultivated (ex Bunge, |. c.); E. Bretschneider (ex Hemsley,
1. c.).

SHANTUNG: Cape Ya tau, planted, R. Zimmermann, no. 462 (ex Gilg,
l. c., and Loesener, |. c.).

Honan: planted (ex Bailey, |. c., and Hers, 1. ¢.).

Disrripution: also Chekiang, Kiangsi, Fokien, Hupeh; Japan.

In northern China this plant does not occur wild. In Peking it does
not stand the climate and is grown in the house according to Bunge.

Berberis Soulieana Schneider in Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, v. 449
(1905); in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 361 (1913); m1. 437 (1917),—Meyer
in U. S. Dept. Agric. Bur. Pl. Indust. Invent. Seeds Pl. Imp. xin. 66,
no. 40682 (1918).

Berberis stenophylla Hance in Jour. Bot. xx. 257 (1882).—Fedde in Bot.

. xxxvi. beibl. txxxir. 44 (1905).—Non Lindley.

Berberis Wallichiana Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxi. 32 (1886).—Maxi-
mowicz in Act. Hort. Petrop. x1. 42 (1890).—Diels in Bot. Jahrb. xxrx.
341 00), quoad specimen coll. a Piasezkii—Non De Candolle.

Berberis levis Schneider in Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, viz. 198 (1908), quoad
specimina e Shensi et synonyma citata.—Non Franchet.

Suenst: Tai pei shan, W. Purdom, no. 7, 1910; Tsin ling shan, P. J.
Piasezki (ex Hemsley, |. c., Maximowicz, |. c., and Diels, 1. c.); Ngo shan,
Kan y shan, Kan y huo, G. Giraldi (ex Fedde, 1. c.).—See also Schneider,
l. ce. (1908 and 1917).

Kansu: near Kwa tsa, on decomposed rock slope, alt. 1400 m., F. N.
Meyer, no. 1823, November 9, 1914.—See also Schneider, 1. ¢. (1917),
and Meyer, I. c.

DistrIBUTION: also Szechuan,

1924] REHDER, LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF NORTHERN CHINA, II 139

Berberis diaphana Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. xx1m1.
309 (1876); in Mél. Biol. rx. 712 (1877); Fl. Tangut. 32, t. 8, fig. 1-7 (1889);
in Act. Hort. Petrop. x1. 42 (1890).—Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxuI.
$1 (1886).—Kanitz in Szechenyi, Keletazs. Utjan. Tudom. Ered. 11. 794
(Pl. Enum. 6) (1891); in Szechenyi, Wiss. Ergeb. Reise Ostas. u. 681
(1898).—Schneider in Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, v. 398 (1905); vin.
195 (1908).—Fedde in Bot. Jahrb. xxxvt. beibl. uxxxi1. 44 (1905).—
Rehder in Sargent, Trees & Shrubs, 1. 19, t. 109 (1907).

Suensi: G. Giraldi (ex Fedde, 1. c.).

Kansu: N. Przewalski and G. N. Potanin (fragments of specimens) .—
See also Maximowicz, 1. c. (1876, 1889 and 1890), Hemsley, |. c., and
Kanitz, |. ¢

DistTRIBUTION: also Szechuan.

Berberis ci ta Schneider in Sargent, P!. Wilson. 11. 435(1917).—
Hers in Jour. N. China Branch R. As. Soc. Lu. 107 (1922); Liste Ess.
Lign. Honan, 4 (1922

Berberi eee var. circumserrata Schneider in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1.

Snensi: Tai pei shan, W. Purdom, no. 4, 1910.—See also Schneider, l.c.

Honan: Lushih, Lao kiun shan, alt. 2000 m., J. Hers, no. 1202, Sep-
tember 21, 1919.—See also Hers, |. c.

The specimen from Honan is sterile, but agrees exactly with Purdom’s
specimen and there can be little doubt that it belongs to this species.

Berberis parvifolia Sprague in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1908, 445.—
Schneider in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. m1. 436 (1917).

Kansu: Choni and Tow chou districts, alt. 2600-3000 m., W. Purdom,
no. 826 (seeds only; plants raised from this seed growing in the Arnold
Arboretum).—See also Schneider, 1. c.

DistRIBUTION: also Szechuan.

Berberis Potaninii Maximowicz in Act. Hort. Petrop. x1. 41 (1890).—
Bretschneider, Hist. Eur. Bot. Discov. China, 1025 (1898).—Schneider in
Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, vii. 199 (1908).—Meyer mn ae S. Dept. Agric.
Bur. Pl. Indust. Invent. Seeds Pl. Imp. xii. 66, no. 40681 (1918).

Berberis sphalera Fedde in Bot. Jahrb. xxxv1. beibl. xxxx1. 44 Sen
Berberis Liechtensteinii Schneider in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 377 (1913).

SHeEns!1: near Shan lien li, on rocky slopes, F. N. Me eyer, no. 1926, Sep-
tember 17, 1914.—See also Fedde, |. c., and Schneider, |. c. (1908).

Kansu: near Chu kun, southwestern Kansu, on rocky dry slopes, F. N.
M si no. 1984, October 18, 1914.—See also Maximowicz, |. c., and Meyer,
Ll;

i eimuniae: also Szechuan.
Schneider himself identified in 1916 his B. Liechtensteinii with B.
Potaninii Maxim. (in sched. herb. Arnold Arb.).

140 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

Berberis aggregata Schneider in Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, vit. 203
(1908).—Meyer in U. S. Dept. Agric. Bur. Pl. Indust. Invent. Seeds Pl.
Imp. xu. 67, no. 40687 (1918).

Ber pn — Rese —— Maximowicz in Act. Hort. Petrop. x1. 40

Kansu: Liang dja pa, F. N. Meyer, no. 1811, October 20, 1914; valley
of river Hei ho and river Pei shui, G. N. Potanin (ex Maximowicz, I. c.,
and Schneider, |. c.); near Siku (ex Meyer, I. c.).

DistrIBUTION: also Szechuan.

Berberis Vernae Schneider in Bae Pl. Wilson. 1. 372 (1913); in
Méller’s Deutsch. Girtn.-Zeit. xxxv. 82, fig. (1917).
sh ke oo var. Does Schneider i in Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, v.
459 (19
Kansu: es sae. alt. 2500-3000 m., W. Purdom, no. 1047, 1910.
Distrisution: also Szechuan.

Berberis Caroli Schneider in Bull. Herb. Boissier sér. 2, v. 459 (1905).
Berberis integerrima var. stenophylla Maximowicz, Fl. Tangut. 29 (1889) ;
in Act. Hort. Petrop. xr. 41 (1890).
Kansu: Tao ho, G. N. Potan’n (ex Maximowicz, '. c.).

Berberis Purdomii Schneider in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 372 (1913).
SHENSI: south of Yenan Fu, W. Purdom, no. 3, 1910, Yenan Fu, W.
Purdom, no. 345, 1910.—See also Schneider, 1. c.

Berberis Poiretii Schneider in Mitt. Deutsch. a Ges. xv. 180
(1906); in Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, vit. 258 (190
erberis chinensis Bunge in Mém. Div. Sav. ogi - St. Pétersb. um. 78
eens Pl. Chin. Bor. 4) (1833). ~_Non Poir
Berberis sinensis Turezaninow in Bull. Soe. Ae Moscou, xX. no. vit. 149
(1837).—Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soe. Xxi. 31 (1886), quoad goer
Chili.—Maximowicz in Mém. Div. Sav. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. 469
(Ind. Fl. Pekin.) (1859); in Act. Hort. Petrop. _ 40 (1800) sr aor
neider, Hist. Eur. Bot. Dis scov. China, 52, 172 (1898).—Non Desfontaines.
Berberis sinensis A ie ha a age = Act. Hort. vies ‘C : ge (1873) .—
— xi. 130 (1875).—Franchet in Nouv. Arch. Mus
8 (PI. David 1. 26) (1882). a alibin i in hey Hort. Petrop.
xiv. 108 (is9: 5).

Cutt: Hsiao Wu tai shan, stony places, F. N. Meyer, nos. 1094, 1384,
August 4 and 30, 1913; Nei chwang, western hills, J. Hers, no. 2293,
October 11, 1922; Huai lai hsien, Liu shu chwang, alt. 800 m., J. Hers,
no. 2082, October 3, 1922; Men tow kow, J. Hers, no. 2560, July 8, 1923;
Po hua shan, J. Hers, no. 1670, September 9, 1921; Tsing shui tsien, J.
Hers, no. 1631, September 6, 1921; Shih wen, on stony and pebbly hill-
sides, F', N. Meyer, no. 1073, August 2, 1913; near San tun ying, F. N.
Meyer, no. 960, May 29, 1913.—See also Bunge, 1. c., Hemsley, |. c¢.,
Maximowicz, I. c., Regel, 1. c., Hance, |. c., Franchet, |. c., Palibin, 1. c.,
and Schneider, |. c. (1908)

DistriBuTIoN: also Mongolia, Manchuria, Amurland.

1924] REHDER, LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF NORTHERN CHINA, II 141

The spectmen mentioned and described by Schneider as a remarkable
but incomplete specimen from Weichang collected by Purdom (in Sargent,
Pl. Wilson. 1. 373 [1913]) I consider an abnormal form of B. Poiretii.

It is unfortunate and misleading to the uninitiated that the species
which bears according to the rule of priority the name B. chinensis Poir.
(B. sinensis Desf.) is not a Chinese but a Caucasian species which had
been described and named from cultivated plants supposed to have been
raised from Chinese seed.

arin Poiretii f. weichangensis Schneider in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1.
372 (19

cm 4 of Weichang, W. Purdom, nos. 2 and 35.—See also Schnei-
der, 1.

This a differs very little from typical B. Povretiv.

Berberis Dielsiana Fedde in Bot. Jahrb. xxxvi. beibl. Lxxxn. 41
(1905).—Schneider in Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, vii. 261 (1908), quoad
specimen Giraldii; in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. tr. 441 (1917).—Hers in Jour.
N. China Branch R. As. Soc. tin. 107 (1922); Liste Ess. Lign. Honan,
4 (1922
Siem Henryana peers in Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, vi11. 261 (1908),

quoad specimina Gira

ae Poiretii Hers in ou a .China Branch R. As. Soc. tit. 107 (1922);
e Ess. Lign. Honan, 4 (1922). —Non Schneider

icc Yung ning, Ku hsien, alt. 800 m., J. Hers, no. 841, October 6,
1919; Yung ning, Tsi li ping, J. Hers, no. 443, May 22, 1919; Yung ning,
Yo tze ping, alt. 1000 m., J. Hers, no. 827, October 4, 1919; Tasik, Kiao
ho, alt. 1000 m., J. Hers, no. 982, October 13, 1919; Lushih, Tsi tsuen kow,
alt. 800 m., J. Hers, no. 855, October 8, 1919; Lushih, Lao kiun shan, alt.
2000 m., J. Hers, no. 1167, September 21, 1919 (sterile); Sung hsien, Shih
tze miao, J. Hers, no. 598, May 26, 1919; Cheng chow nursery, introduced
from Sung shan, J. Hers, no. 332, April 24, 1921.

SHENSI: south of Yenan fu, W. Purdom, no. 341 (1910).—See also Fedde,
l. c., and Schneider, |. c.

DistrIBuTION: also Szechuan.

The specimens from Yung ning, Honan, differ somewhat in their smaller
leaves of firmer texture.

Berberis dubia Schneider in Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, v. 663 (1905);
vir. 259 (190 8).
Berberis sinensis Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxii. 31 (1886), quoad plantam
e Kansu.—Non Desfontaines
Berberis vulgaris ee Ic. (1886), sini plantam e Kansu.—Non Linnaeus.

pigs sinensis va aegina Frane n Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, sér. 2,
178 (Pl. David, I. 8) (1882) ge ha FI. ee 33 (1889).—
No on Regel.

Berberis vulgaris a. normalis Maximowicz in Fl. Tangut. (1889); in Act.
Hort. Petrop. x1. 41 (1890).—Non Hooker f. & Thom

Berberis vulgaris «. ia ae Maximowicz in Act. Hort. “Petrop. x1. 41
(1890).—Non Reg

142 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vVoL. v

SHANsI: Ta tsing shan, A. David (ex Franchet, |. c., and Schneider, |. c.
[1908]).

Kansu: N. Przewalski, G. N Potanin (ex Schneider, |. c. [1905 and
1908]).

DistrIBuTION: also Mongolia.

I have seen no specimens of this species.

Berberis dasystachya Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb.
xxi. 308 (1877); in Mél. Biol. rx. 711 (1877); Fl. Tangut. 30, t. 5, fig.
1-7 (1889); in Act. Hort. Petrop. x1. 41 (1890).—Hemsley in Jour. Linn.
Soc. xx. 3 (1886).—Kanitz in Szechenyi, Keletazs. Utjan. Tudom.
Ered. 1. 794 (Pl. Enum. 5) (1891); in Szechenyi, Wiss. Ergeb. Reise
Ostas. 0. 681 (1898).—Bretschneider, Hist. Eur. Bot. Discov. China,
971 (1898).—Schneider in Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, v. 664 (1905); vir.
262 (1908).—Fedde in Bot. Jahrb. xxxvi. beibl. Lxxxir. 43 (1905).—
Schneider in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 111. 442 (1917).

peas eile var. oblonga Maximowicz in Act. Hort. Petrop. x1. 41

? Berberis dolichobotrys Fedde in Bot. Jahrb. xxxvi. beibl. uxxxu. 41 (1905).

SHENSI: Tai pei shan, W. Purdom, nos. 1, 5, 9, 1910.—See also Fedde,
l. c., and Schneider, |. c. (1908 and 1917).

Kansu: Min chow and Choni districts, W. Purdom, no. 1014, 1910;
N. Przewalski (ex Maximowicz, |. c. [1877 and 1889], Schneider, |. c.
[1905]), G. N. Potanin (ex Maximowicz, |. c. [1890], Schneider, 1. c. [1908]),
L. Loczy (ex Kanitz, |. c.).

DistrRIBuTION: also Hupeh and Szechuan.

Purdom’s specimens from Kansu differ from typical B. dasystachya
in the bright red-brown nearly terete branches and in the more remotely
and less setosely serrulate leaves and may represent a distinct form.

Berberis Gilgiana Fedde in Bot. Jahrb. xxxv1. beibl. Lxxxn. 43 (1905) .—
Schneider in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 375 (1913).

SHENsI: Tai pei shan, W. Purdom, nos. 6, 8, 1910.—See also Fedde, |. c.,
and Schneider, 1. ce.

Berberis brachypoda Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. xxu1.
$08 (1877); in Mél. Biol. 1x. 711 (1877); Fl. Tangut. 30, t. 7, fig. 8-13
(1889).—Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxi. 31 (1886).—Bretschneider,
Hist. Eur. Bot. Discov. eed 995 (1898).—Schneider in Bull. Herb.
Boissier, sér. 2, vit1. 262 (190

SHeEnsi: Lung chow, Li sie po, alt. 1400 m., J. Hers, no. 2395.—See
also Schneider, |. c.

Kansu: P. J. Piasezki (ex Maximowicz, |. c., Hemsley, |. c., and Bret-
schneider, I. ¢

Simeone also Hupeh.

Berberis brachypoda var. salicaria Schneider in Bull. Herb. Boissier,
sér. 2, vir. 262 (1908).

1924] REHDER, LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF NORTHERN CHINA, II 148

Berberis salicaria Fedde in Bot. Jahrb. xxxvi. beibl. txxxx11. 42 (1905).
SHensi: G. Giraldi (ex Fedde, |. c., and Schneider, |. c.).

Berberis Giraldii Hesse in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. xx11. 272, fig.

Suensi: G. Giraldi (seeds only; plants raised and distributed by H. A.
Hesse, Weener, Germany).
This species differs from the preceding chiefly in its glabrous inflorescence.

Berberis amurensis Ruprecht in Bull. Phys.-Math. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb.
xv. 260 (1857).—Schneider in Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, vi11. 260 (1908);
in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 375 (1913).

Berberis vulgaris var. amurensis Regel in Act. ere Petrop. 11. 414 (1873).—
Franchet in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, send, v. 177 (Pl. David. 1. 25) (1882).—
Palibin in Act. Hort. Petrop. xiv. 108 (1895). a hedde i in Bot. Jahrb. xxxvi.
beibl. LXxxul. 41 (1905 F

Berberis vulgaris Maximowicz in Mém. Div. Sav. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. rx.
469 (Ind. oe Pekin.) (1859). iis « okies Pee in Jour. Linn. Soc. xx111. 23 (1886),
quoad plantam e Chili.—Gilg in Bot. Jahrb, xxx1v. beibl. Lxxv. 35 (1904 ae
Loesener in “Bot. Centralbl. "Beih. XXXVI. abt. m. 124 (1919).—Non Lin-

naeus. ;

Cuiur: Weichang, W. Purdom, no. 34, 1910; Hsiao Wu tai shan, alt.
1600 m., F. N. Meyer, no. 1231, August 20, 1913; same locality, J. Hers,
no. 1480, July 14, 1921; Hsiao Wu tai shan, Tieh ling sze, alt. 1300 m.,
J. Hers, no. 2140, October 7, 1922.—See also Franchet, |. c., Palibin, |. c.,
and Schneider, |. c. (1908 and 1913).

?SHANTUNG: O. Nebel, A. Engler and B. Krug (ex Gilg, |. c. and ex
Loesener, |. c.).

SHANs!I: Wu tai shan, alt. 1600 m., J. Hers, no. 2631, July 29, 1923; Wu
chai hsien, Ta nan kow, alt. 2000-3000 m., Tchuang Kieh, Hers no.
2037, September 7, 1922; Nan yang shan, alt. 2000 m., J. Hers, no. 2730,
September 22-30, 1923.

SHENSI: Sze wu hsien, F. N. Meyer, no. 1719, September 1, 1914 (Herb.
U. S. Dept. Agric.).—See also Fedde, 1. c., and Schneider, 1. c. (1908).

Distrisution: Amurland, Manchuria, Korea.

As I have seen no specimens from Shantung and the specimens cited
by Gilg and by Loesener have been determined as B. vulgaris, I am not
sure if they belong to this species, but they certainly cannot be identical
with true B. vulgaris L.

Berberis Thunbergii DC., cited by Hemsley (in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxi.
32 [1886]) as collected on the Tsung lin range according to Maximowicz
and also enumerated by Diels (in Bot. Jahrb. xx1x. 341 [1900]) as col-
lected by Piasezki on the Tsing ling shan, is certainly not true B. Thun-
bergii, but I have been unable to find a note on the correct determi-
nation of Piasezki’s specimen.

Mahonia Bealii Carriére in FI. des Serr. x. 166 (1855).—Takeda in Not.

Bot. Gard. Edinb. v1. 225 (1917).—Hers in Jour. N. China Branch R. As
Soe. Lr. 112 (1922); Liste Ess. Lign. Honan, 18 (1922)

144 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

Berberis nepaulensis Hemsley in Jour. ea = xxi. 31 (1886), quoad
Mahonia japonica Diels ins Jahrb. ea 338 feeath —Fedde in Bot.
Jahrb. xxxvi. beibl. xxxxir. 41 (1905). —Non De Candol
Honan: Sung hsien, Shih tze miao, J. Hers, no. orn ‘Sentember 25,
1919.—See also Hers, |. ec.
SuEnsi: Tsin ling shan, P. J. Piasezki (ex Hemsley, |. c., and Diels,
l. c.), G. Giraldi (ex Fedde, |. c.).
DistrisuTion: Chekiang (H. H. Hu, no. 207), Hunan (Handel-Maz-
zetti, no. 836), Hupeh, Szechuan.

MENISPERMACEAE

Menispermum dauricum De Candolle, Syst. 1. 540 (1818).—Bunge
in Mém. Div. Sav. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. 1. 78 (Enum. Pl. Chin. Bor. 4)
(1833).—Turezaninov in Bull. Soc. Nat. Moscou, x. no. vir. 149 (1837),
“dahuricum.”’—Maximowicz in Mém. Div. Sav. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb.
1x. 468 (Ind. Fl. Pekin.) (1859), “‘dahuricum;” in Bull. Acad. Sci. St.
Pétersb. xxrx. 67 (1883); in Mél. Biol. x1. 647 (1883), ‘“‘dahuricum;” in
Act. Hort. Petrop. xr. 40 (1890), ‘“‘davuricum.”—Franchet in Nouv.
Arch. Mus. Paris, sér. 2, v. 177 (Pl. David. 1. 25) (1882); in Mém. Soc.
Sci. Nat. Cherbourg, xxiv. 198 (1884).—Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc.
XxIH. 29 (1886).—Palibin in Act. Hort. Petrop. xrv. 108 (1895).—Bret-
schneider, Hist. Eur. Bot. Discov. 52, 1050 (1898).—Diels in Bot. Jahrb.
XXXVI. beibl. Lxxxu1. 45 (1905); in Engler, Pflanzenr. 1v.-94, 258 (1910),
““dahuricum.’’—Loesener in Bot. Centralbl. Beih. xxxvu. abt. um. 124
(1919).—Bailey, Gent. Herb. 1. 23 (1920).—Cowdry in Jour. N. China
Branch R. As. Soc. tur. 160 (Pl. Peitaiho) (1922).

Cum: Near San tun ying, F. N. Meyer, no. 949, May 28, 1913.—See
also Bunge, |. c., Turczaninov, l. c., Maximowicz, |. c., Franchet, 1. ec.
(1882), Hemsley, I. c., Palibin, |. c., Diels, 1. c. (1910), and Cowdry, I. c.

SHANTUNG: Franchet, |. c. (1884), Hemsley, 1. c., Diels, 1. ¢. (1910),
and Loesener, |. c.

Honan: Chi kung shan, LZ. H. Bailey (ex Bailey, 1. c.).

SHEnsi: W. Purdom, no. 1146, 1910.—See also Diels, 1. c. (1905 and
1910).

DistriBuTtion: also Fokien (Hongkong Herb. no. 2335); Siberia, Mon-
golia, Manchuria, Korea, Japan.

Menispermum dauricum var. pauciflorum Franchet in Nouv. Arcb.
Mus. Paris, sér. 2, v. 177 (Pl. David. 1. 25) (1882).
Cui: Jehol, A. David, no. 1747 (ex Franchet, |. ¢.).

Sinomenium acutum var. cinereum Rehder & Wilson in Sargent, PI.
Wilson. 1. 387 (1913).
a a Miq. var. cinereus Dicls in Bot. Jahrb. xxxvi. beibl.
Xxx. 45 (190!
acne enium diversifolium var. cunereum Diels in Engler, Pflanzenr. 1v.-94,
255 (1910).

1924] REHDER, LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF NORTHERN CHINA, II 145

SHENSI: G. Giraldi, no. 4358 (ex Diels, |. c. 1905).
DistriBuTION: also Hupeh, Szechuan, Kweichow; of the type: Hupeh,
Szechuan, Kweichow; Korea, Japan.
Cocculus trilobus De Candolle, Syst. 1. 522 (1818).—Diels in Engler,
esr IV. a 232 (1910).—Rehder & Wilson in Sargent, Pl. Wilson.
. 388 (191
stg Tanbergi De Candolle, Sebi 1. 524 (1818).—Maximowicz in Bull.
Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. xxrx. 70 (1883); in Mél. Biol. x1. 651 (1883).—
Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. SCI, 28 (1886).—Faber, Denkschr. Entwickel.
Kiautschou, 31 (1898).—Ito in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xiv. 74 (1900).—Gilg in
Bot. Jahrb. xxxtv. beibl. yxxv. 35 (1904).—Diels in Bot. Jahrb. xxxv1.
beibl. grees 45 (1905).—Loesener in Bot. Centralbl. Beih. xxxvir. abt.
Il. ngs i 19).—Bailey, Gent. Herb. 1. 23 (1920).—Cowdry in Jour. N
China } 3ranch R. As. Soc. one 160 (Pl. Peitaiho) (1922).
peieion Raa at sic] f. ee —— in Act. Soc. Linn. Bordeaux,
XxxI. 120 (Fl. Tché-fot, 95) (187
Cui: Pei tai ho (ex Comdry, I. Be
SHANTUNG: Tsing tau, R. Zimmermann, no. 216.—See also Debeaux,
1. c., Hemsley, I. ¢., Faber, |. c., Ito, 1. ¢., Gilg, |. ¢., Loesener, |. c., Diels,
1. c. (1910), and Rehder & Wilson, I. ce.
Honan: Chi kung shan, L. H. Bailey (ex Bailey, |. c.).
SHENSI: ex Diels, |. c. (1905 and 1910).
DistripuTion: also Kiangsu, Chekiang, Fokien, Kiangsi, Hupeh,
Hunan, Kweichow, Yunnan; Korea, Japan, Formosa, Philippines.

MAGNOLIACEAE

Magnolia parviflora Siebold & Zuccarini in Abh. Akad. Muench. tv.
pt. 11. 187 (Fl. Jap. Fam. Nat. 1. 79) (1843).—Gilg in Bot. Jahrb. xxxiv.
beibl. Lxxv. 35 (1904).—Loesener in Bot. Centralbl. Beih. xxxvu. abt.
i. 124 (1919).

SHANTUNG: Planted (ex Gilg, |. c., and Loesener, |. c.).

DistriBuTION: Korea, Japan.

Magnolia aulacosperma Rehder & Wilson in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. t.
396 (1913).—Hers in Jour. N. ag Branch R. As. Soe. Lit. 112 (1922);
Liste Ess. Lign. Honan, 18 (1922).

Ma late sp. ex ee M. pelliais Diels in Bot. Jahrb. xx1x. 322 (1900);

xxxvi. beibl. Lxxx § (1905).

Honan: Y ungning, Tsi li ping, J. Hers, no. 457, May 22, 1919 (‘flowers
white;”” young fruit); same locality, alt. 1000 m., J. Hers, no. 1343,
September 13, 1919; Sung hsien, Suan kuan miao, J. Hers, no. 541, May
24, 1919 (“white flowers’’); Lushih, Kiao ho, J. Hers, no. 964, October
12, 1919; Lushih, Tung ho, J. Hers, no. 991, October 14, 1919.—See also
Hers, I. ec.

SHENSI: “‘Shensi Sept.,’”’ G. Giraldi, 1897.—See also Diels, |. ce.

DistrisBuTion: also Hupeh.

Giraldi’s specimen which was collected apparently in autumn agrees
well in its leaves and flower-buds with M. aulacosperma and I have little
doubt that it belongs here.

146 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou. v

The flowers of this species are yet unknown; according to the notes
on the labels of Hers’ nos. 457 and 541 their color is white. Photographs
of the tree from which Hers’ specimen 964 was collected are in the photo-
graph collection of this Arboretum; the tree is 18 m. tall with a trunk 1.20
m. in girth.

Magnolia denudata Desrousseaux in Lamarck, Encycl. Méth. 111. 675
(1791), ex parte.—Rehder & Wilson in Sargent, P1. Wilson. 1. 399 (1913).—
Bailey, Gent. Herb. 1. 24 (1920).—Hers in Jour. N. China Branch R. As.
Soc. tn. 112 (1922); Liste Ess. es Honan, - ie ).

— conspicua Salisbury, Parad. Lond. ee 806).—Maximowicz
Sei. St. Pétersb. on. 419 (sr) Mél. Biol. vir. 508
(187 2). —Hemsley i in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxi. 23 (188 6). —Faber in Denkschr.
Entwickel. Kiautschou, 32 (1898)Ito in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xiv. 73
(1900).—Gilg in Bot. Jahrb. xxxrv. beibl. a 35 (1904).—Loesener in
Bot. Centralbl. Beih. xxxrv. abt. 1. 124 (19
Magnolia Yulan Desfontaines, Hist. Arb. 11. eats 09).—Bunge in Nae Div.
Sav. Acad. Sci. St. Péter sb. 1 u. 77 (Enum. Pl. Chin, Bor. 3) (18
Magnolia Julan Turczaninov i in Bull. Soe. Nat. 3 Moscou, X. no. VII. Fi (1837).

Cui: planted (ex Bunge, |. c., Maximowicz, |. c., and Hemsley, |. c.).

SHANTUNG: planted (ex Faber, |. c., Gilg, |. c., Ito, 1. ¢., and Loesener,
l. c.).

NortHern Kianasu: Su kow, near Hai chow, J. Hers, no. 622, May
5, 1921.

Honan: Sung hsien, Suan kuan miao, alt. 1200 m., J. Hers, no. 541-
bis, May 24, 1919; Sung hsien, Shih tze miao, alt. 1200 m., J. Hers, no.
1254, September 25, 1919; Lushih, Lao kiun shan, alt. 2000 m., J. Hers,
no. 1159, September 21, 1919; without locality, J. Hers, no. 38.—See also
Bailey, |. ¢., and Hers, 1. ¢

DistTRIBUTION (including the variety): also Chekiang, Kiangsi, Hupeh;
cultivated in Japan.

As no flowers of the Honan plant have been collected it remains doubtful
if it belongs to the typical form or to var. purpurascens Rehder & Wilson
which occurs in Hupeh.

Magnolia liliiflora Desrousseaux in Lamarck, Encycl. Méth. ut. 675
(1791), ex parte.-—Rehder & Wilson in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 402 (1913).—
Hers in Jour. N. China Branch R. As. Soc. tim. 112 (1922); Liste Ess.
a oe 18 (1922).

nolia obovata Thunberg in Trans. Linn. Soc. 11. 336 (1794), pro parte.—
hie n Bot. Jahrb. xxxiv. oe Lxxv. 35 (1904). 04).—Loesener in Bot.
Gontedis Beih Xxxvul. abt. um. 124 (1919).

SHantTunG: Cape Ya tau, near a temple (ex Gilg, |. c., and Loesener, |. c.).

Honan: planted (ex Hers, 1. c.).

DistriBuTION: also Kiangsu, Hupeh, Szechuan, but probably planted.

The native habitat of this plant which is much cultivated in China and
Japan is probably southern China. The specimen from Shantung is prob-
ably from a planted tree and its correct identification is open to doubt,
as it is stated to bloom in July.

1924] REHDER, LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF NORTHERN CHINA, II 147

Magnolia spec. Diels in Bot. Jahrb. xxxv1. beibl. Lxxx11. 38 (1905),
collected by Giraldi near Zulu, alt. 1500 m., possibly belongs to M. denudata
Desrouss. which occurs in Honan and Hupeh, or it may belong to M.
Biondii Pampan. from northern Hupeh which is erroneously credited to
Shensi in Pl]. Wilson. 1. 408 (1913).

Schisandra chinensis Baillon, Hist. Pl. 1. 148 (1867-1869). —Franchet
in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, sér. 2, v. 176 (Pl. David. 1. 24) (1882).—Hems-
ley in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxi. 25 (1886).—Finet & Gagnepain in Bull. Soc.
Bot. France, uu. Mém. iv. 49 (1905); Contrib. Fl. As. Or. 1. 49 (1907).

ae chinensis Turezaninov in Bull. Soc. Nat. Moscou, x. no. vu. 149

Men rae oles chinensis ee in Bull. Phys.-Math. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb.

259, in textu (1857).—Maximowicz 7 Mém. Div. Sav. Acad. Sci. St.
Eeeay 1x. 468 (Ind. Fl. Pekin.) (1859

Cui: Jehol, A. David, no. 1839 (Gray Herb); Weichang, W. Purdom,
no. 117, 1909; Hsiao Wu tai shan, F. N. Meyer, no. 1347, August 23, 1913;
Hsiao Wu tai shan, Shui shih tao, alt. 1500 m., J. Hers, no. 2154, October
8, 1922.—See also Turczaninow, |. c., Maximowicz, |. c., Franchet, 1. ¢.,
Hemsley, |. c., and Finet & Gagnepain, |. c.

DistriBUTION: also Manchuria, Korea, Japan.

Schisandra sphenanthera Rehder & Wilson in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1.
414 (1913).—F. N. Meyer in U.S. Dept. Agric. Bur. Pl. Indust. Invent.
Seeds Pl. Imp. xuu. 54, no. 40025 (1918).—Bailey, Gent. Herb. 1. 24
(1920).—Hers in Jour. N. China Branch R. As Soc. tim. 115 (1922);
Liste Ess. Lign. Honan, 28 (1922).

Schizandra chinensis a ined in Jour. nee Soc. xxl. 25 Beek oe
plantam e ‘Tsun range.’’—Maximowicz in Act. Hort. Petrop. x
39 (1890).—Diels in Bot. Jahrb. —. 322 (1900).

Honan: Yung ning, Tssi li ping, alt. 1000 m., J. Hers, nos. 424, 452,
May 22, 1919 and no. 1335, September 3, 1919; Lushih, Hiung eul shan,
alt. 1300 m., J. Hers, nos. 860, 887, October 9 and 10, 1919; Lushih, Liao
kiun shan, alt. 2000 m., J. Hers, no. 1220, September 21, 1919; Sun hsien,
Shih tze miao, alt. 1200 m., J. Hers, no. 1246, September 25, 1919; Teng
Feng hsien, Yu tai shan, alt. 800 m., J. Hers, no. 243, April 23, 1919.—
See also Bailey, 1. c., and Hers, 1. c.

Snensi: “Monte de Kian-san,”” G. Giraldi, August 4, 1909; Tai pei
shan, W. Purdom, no. 1037, 1910; Kwan ying tang, F. N. Meyer, no. 1905,
September 15, 1914 (Herb. U. S. Dept. Agric.).—See also Meyer, 1. c.,
Diels, |. c., Hemsley, |. c., and Rehder & Wilson, |. ec.

Kansu: Chi shan, near Cheng hsien, F. N. Meyer, no. 1750, October 1,
1914 (Herb. U. S. Dept. Agric.).

DistrisuTion: also Kiangsi, Hupeh, Hunan (Handel-Mazzetti, nos.
11740, 11933), Yunnan.

Schisandra propinqua Hook.f. & Thoms. var. sinensis Oliver in Hooker’s
Icon. xvi. t. 1715 (1887).—Maximowicz in Act. Hort. Petrop. x1. 39

148 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

(1890).—Diels in Bot. Jahrb. xxrx. 322 (1900); in xxxvi. beibl. txxxn.
39 (1905).

SuEns1: Lean shan, G. Giraldi, no. 6011 (ex Diels, 1. c. [1905]).

Kansu: P. J. Piasezki (ex Maximowicz, |. c., and Diels, |. c. [1900]).

I have seen no specimens of S. propinqua var. sinensis from Kansu or
Shensi and I am not quite sure if Giraldi’s specimen from Shensi belongs
here or to the preceding species, as the leaves on sterile shoots of S. sphe-
nanthera are often ovate-oblong to elliptic-lanceolate and thus resemble
those of this variety. Piasezki’s specimen, however, certainly belongs to
this variety according to Maximowicz’s description.

CALYCANTHACEAE

Meratia praecox Rehder & Wilson in Sargent, PI. Wilson. 1.419 (1913).—
Bailey, Gent. Herb. 1. 24 (1920).—Hers in Jour. N. China Branch R.
As. Soc. tin. 112 (1922); Liste Ess. Lign. Honan, 19 Cee

Chimonanthus fragrans Lindley in Bot. Reg. vr. t. 451 (18 20).—Bunge in
Mém. Div. Sav. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. 1. _ (Enum. PI. “Chir 1. Bor. 27)
(1833).—Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. xx. 22 (1886) Diels i in Bot. Jahrb.

(1900).

XXIX. 345
Calycanthus praecox Linnaeus, Spec. ed. 2, 718 (1762).—Loesener in Bot.
Centralbl. Beih. xxxvu. abt. Il. 125 (191 9),

Cui: Tang shan, hot springs, F. N. Meyer, no. 216, October, 1905.—
See also Bunge, |. c., Hemsley, |. c., and Rehder & Wilson, |. c

SuaNnTuNG: planted (ex Loesener, |. c.).

Honan: Hsiao hsien, Huang tsang yu, alt. 200 m., cultivated, J. Hers,
no. 1005, April 25, 1919.—See also Bailey, |. c., and Hers, |. c.

SHENSI: planted (ex Hemsley, |. c., and Maximowicz, 1. C:):

Kansu: planted? (ex Maximowicz, l. c.

DistriBuTion: also Kiangsu, Kiangsi, Hunek: Szechuan, Hunan, Yun-
‘nan.

In northern China this species is probably cultivated wherever it has
been collected and it is also often planted in other provinces of China as
it is in Japan; its real home is apparently the Yangtsze valley from Hupeh
to Szechuan.

Meratia praecox var. grandiflora Rehder & Wilson in Sargent, PI.
Wilson. 1. 420 (1913).—Hers in Jour. N. China Branch R. As. Soc. LnI.
112 (1922); Liste Ess. Lign. Honan, 19 (1922).

Honan: planted (ex Hers, 1. c.).

This is a garden form, also occurring under cultivation in other provinces
of China and in Japan.

LAURACEAE

Benzoin glaucum Siebold & Zuccarini in Abh. Akad. Muench. tv. pt.
m1. 205 (Fl. Jap. Fam. Nat. 1. 81) (1846).—Bailey, Gent. Herb. 1. 24
(1920).—Hers in Jour. N. China Branch R. As. Soc. nr. 107 (1922);
Liste Ess. Lign. Honan, 4 (1922).

1924] REHDER, LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF NORTHERN CHINA, II 149

Lindera glauca Blume, Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 1. 325 (1850).—Faber, pany
ntwickel. Kiautschou, 31 (1898).—Gilg in Bot. Jahrb. xxxrv. beibl. 1
35 (19 ne at Bot. Jahrb, xxxvt. ay LXXXII. 45 (1905). are
in Bot. Cen . Beih. xxxvu. abt. um. 125 ;
? Litsea vel Lindera spec. Gilg in Bot. Ja hb. beibl. txxxu. 35
(1904).—Loesener in Bot. Centralbl. Bail. ee eMne 1. 125 (1919).

Suantune: Lau shan, F. N. Meyer, no. 318, August, 1907.—See also
Faber, |. c., Gilg. ]. c., and Loesener, 1. ¢

NortueErN Kiancsu: Liu lin shan, near nee chow, J. Hers, no. 629, May
4, 1921; Hai chow hills, alt. about 200 m.,.J. Hers, nos. 2268, 2313, October
8, 1922.

Honan: Mien chih, alt. 800 m., J. Hers, no. 53, August 20, 1919; Hsiao
hsien, Huang tsang yu, alt. about 200 m., J. Hers, nos. 1008, 1020, April
25 and no. 1035, May 26, 1919; Chikung shan, Z. H. Bailey, June 7, 1917
i l. c., and Hers, 1. ¢.

Suansi: Hia hsien, Huang lai kow, J. Hers, no. 1850, October 2, 1921;
Yuan kiu hsien, Ni shan, J. Hers, no. 1826, September 28, 1921

SHENSsI: Lean shan, G. Giraldi, no. 4011 (ex Diels, |. c.).

DistrisuTiIon: also Kiangsi, Chekiang, Fokien, Hupeh, Hunan, Sze-
chuan; Korea, Japan, Formosa.

I have little doubt that the Lindera spec. from the Lau shan cited by
Gilg and by Loesener is identical with Meyer’s specimen from the same
locality. Hers’ nos. 629 and 2313 from near Haichow, Kiangsu, differ
from typical B. glaucwm in their narrower leaves slightly silky beneath
when young, glabrous at maturity, and in the short glabrescent pedicels
of the flowers appearing in few-flowered sessile umbels.

Benzoin umbellatum (Thunb.) Rehder in Jour. Arnold Arb. 1. 146
(1919).—Hers in Jour. N. China Branch R. As. Soc. Lim. 107 (1922);
Liste Ess. Lign. Honan, 4 (1922).

Lindera membranacea Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. xu. 72
(1867); in Mél. Biol. v1. 275 (1867) eee in Bot. Jahrb. xx1x. 351 (1900).

Benzoin citriodorum Hers in Jour. N. China Branch R. As. Soe. Liu. 107 (1922);
Liste Ess. Lign. Honan, 4 (1 922) ca Siebold & Zuccarini.

Honan: Sung heien, Shih tze miao, alt. 1200 m., J. Hers, nos. 486,
561, 583, May 26, 1919, no. 1261, September 25, 1919; Sung hsien, San
kuan miao, alt. 1200 m., J. Hers, nos. 522, 540, May 24, 1919; Lushih,
Hiung eul shan, alt. 1400 m., J. Hers, nos. 894, 895, 922, October 10, 1919;
Lushih, Kiao ho, alt. 1000 m., J. Hers, nos. 971, 976, October 13, 1919;
Lushih, Lao kiun shan, alt. 2000 m., J. Hers, nos. 1183, 1213, September
21, 1919; Tsi yuan hsien, J. Hers, no. 1750, September 21, 1921.—See
also Hers, I. c.

SHENsI: Tai pei shan, W. Purdom, nos. 971, 973, 1910; Sze wu hsien,
F. N. Meyer, no. 1720, September 1, 1914; Lung chow, Kuan shan, alt.
2000 m., J. Hers, no. 2344, July 3, 1922; “‘Shensi sept.” G. Giraldi, 1897.—
See also Diels, 1. c.

Kansu: Chi shan, near Cheng hsien, F. N. Meyer, no. 1753, October
1, 1914 (Herb. U. S. Dept. Agric.).

150 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

DistriBpuTioNn: also Chekiang, Hunan; Japan.

I have seen no flowering specimens of this species from northern China
and therefore cannot be absolutely sure if the specimens cited above
belong here, but in leaf and fruit they agree well with B. wmbellatum.

Benzoin reflexum (Hemsley) Rehderin Jour. Arnold Arb.1. 145 (1919).—
Bailey, Gent. Herb. 1. 24 (1920).

Honan: Chikung shan, L. H. Bailey, June 16, 1917 (Gray Herb.).—
See also Bailey, 1. ce.

Benzoin fruticosum (Hemsley) Rehder in Jour. Arnold Arb. 1. 145
(1919).—Hers in Jour. N. China Branch R. As. Soc. Lin. 107 (1922);
Liste Ess. Lign. Honan, 4 (1922).

Honan: Sung hsien, Shih tze miao, J. Hers, no. 496, May 26, 1919;
Sung hsien, San kuan miao, alt. 1200 m., J. Hers, no. 539, May 24, 1919;
without precise locality, J. Hers, no. 40, 1918.—See also Hers, 1. c.

The specimens cited above are all sterile and their determination there-
fore remains open to some doubt.

Benzoin cercidifolium Rehder in Jour. Arnold Arb. 1. 144 (1919).—
Hers in Jour. N. China Branch R. As. Soc. tin. 107 (1922); Liste Ess.
Lign. Honan, 4 (1922).

Lindera cercidjolia Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Si XXvI. 387 (1891).—? Diels
, . xxxvi. beibl. yxxxir. 45 (190

Honan: Sung ‘tae, Shih tze miao, J. i no. 495, May 26, 1919;
Sung hsien, San kuan miao, alt. 1200 m., J. Hers, no. 538, May 24, 1919;
Lushih, Hiung eul shan, alt. 1400 m., J. Hers, no. 903, October 10, 1919;
Lushih, Lao kiun shan, alt 2000 m., J. Hers, nos. 1152, 1193, September 21,
1919; Tsi yuan hsien, Tien tan shan, J. Hers, nos. 1697, 1749, September
16 and 21, 1921; without precise locality, J. Hers, no. 35, 1918.—See
also Hers, I. ec.

SuHensi: G. Giraldi (ex Diels, |. c.).

DistrriBuTION: also Kiangsi, Hupeh, Szechuan.

Possibly Giraldi’s specimens from Shensi referred by Diels to B. cercidi-
folium represent the following species, at least the specimen with pubescent
leaves; B. cercidifolium as far as I know has the leaves always quite
glabrous except axillary tufts of hairs beneath.

Benzoin obtusilobum Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 1. 569 (1891).
— obtusiloba Blume, Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 3 325 (1850).—Loesener
n Bot. Centralbl. Beih. xxxvut. ts u. 125 (1919).
Lindera obtustloba var. g. villosa Meisner in De once Prodr. xv.
246 (1869).—Loesener in Bot. Centralbl. Beih. xxx abt. z 125 bio)
Lindera triloba Franchet in Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Che eam xxiv. 250 (1884).—
He our. Linn. Soc. xxvr. 392 (1891).—Faber Denksehr. Ent-
wickel. eget ie (1898).—Gilg in Bot. Jahrb. XXXIV. beibl. Lxxy.
35 (1904). n Blum
? Lindera crcl Diels in Bot. Jahrb. xxxvi. beibl. Lxxxu. 45 (1905),
e.—Vix He rowek
Suantunec: Lau wn av.
Franchet, |. c., Hemsley, |. c., Faber, |. ¢., Gilg, |. ¢., and Loesener, |. c.

1924] REHDER, LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF NORTHERN CHINA, II 151

NortTHERN Kiancsu: Liu lin shan, near Hai chow, J. Hers, no. 661, May
5, 1921; Hai chow hills, alt. 200 m., J. Hers, no. 2277, October 8, 1922.

SHENs1: southern slope of Tai pei shan, W. Purdom, no. 669*, 1910;
Tai pei shan, W. Purdom, no. 972, 1910.—See also Diels.

Kawnsv: near Fu orr yei, F. N. Meyer, no. 1974, October 7, 1914.

DistTRIBUTION: also Hupeh, Szechuan; Korea, Japan.

As stated above Giraldi’s specimens referred to the preceding species
by Diels probably belong here.

Machilus spec.? Faber, Denkschr. Entwickel. ee 31 (1898) .—
Gilg in Bot. Jahrb. xxxiv. beibl. txxv. ris & (1904).—Loesener in Bot.
Centralbl. Beih. xxxvu. abt. 1. 125 (191

As this reference apparently is not ne on any existing specimens,
its identification remains doubtful.

SAXIFRAGACEAE

Philadelphus pekinensis Ruprecht in Bull. Phys.-Math. Acad. Sci. St.
Pétersb. xv. 365 (1857); Mél. Biol. 11. 543 (1858).—Koehne in Gartenfl.
x. 597 (1896).—Bretschneider, Hist. Eur. Bot. Discov. China, 349, 1054
(1898).—Limpricht, Bot. Ergeb. Reis. Hochgeb. Chin. Ost-Tib. 402 (1922).

Bay Ue coronarius Tur Seana a in ae Soc. Nat. Moscou, x. no. vit.
1 (1837).—Ma CHWS in v. Sav. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. tx.
ra (Ind. Fl. Pekin.) (18 50).—Pranchet in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, sér.
1. 5 (Pl. David. 1. 125) (1883).
Phitadely hus coronarius &. pekinensis Maximowicz in Mém. Acad. Sci. St.
Pétersb. sér. 7, x. no. xvi. 42 (1867).—Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soe. xxut.
(1887).

Cunt: Jehol, A. David, no. 2219 (Gray Herb.); Peking, western hills,
J. Hers, no. 2225, October 11, 1922, and no. 2515, June 10, 1923; Po hua
shan, J. Hers, nos. 1462, 1680, July 1 and September 9, 1921; hills near
Great Wall, Peking-Kalgan road, J. G. Jack, October 5, 1905; Hsiao
Wu tai shan, open mountain slopes, F. N. Meyer, no. 1304, August 23,
1913; same locality, J. Hers, no. 1476, July 14, 1921; Hsiao Wu tai shan,
Shiu shih tao, alt. 1500 m., J. Hers, nos. 2183, 2185, October 8, 1923;
Miao feng shan, alt. 1000 m., J. Hers, no. 2539, June 18, 1923; Weichang,
W. Purdom, no. 83, 1910; without locality, Pére Chanet, no. 61, 1919; W.
Purdom, no, 552 (seeds only; plants growing in the Arnold Arboretum).—
See also Turczaninov, I. c., Ruprecht, 1. c., Franchet, |. c., Maximowicz,
1. c., Hemsley, 1. c., Koehne, I. ¢., and Limpricht, 1. c.

Suansi: Wu chai hsien, Ta nan kow, alt. 2000 to 8000 m., T chuang
Kieh, Hers no. 2002, September 7, 1922; Wu tai shan, alt. 2600 m., J.
Hers, no. 2642, July 31, 1923; Fang shan hsien, Nan yang shan, alt. 1500
to 2500 m., J. Hers, no. 2704, September 22-30, 1923.

SHENSI: Moutan shan, northwest of Hancheng Hsien, W. Purdom,
no. 369, 1910.

DistrisuTion: also Manchuria.

The specimens cited above show some variation in the size of the flowers,

152 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

the petals varying between 1 cm. and 1.5 cm. in length, in the density of
the inflorescence which may be very crowded with short pedicels 2-3
mm. long or slenderer, the lowest pairs of flowers about 2 cm. distant and
the pedicels up to 6 mm. long, as in Hers’ no. 1476 and in Purdom’s no.
369, and in the pubescence of the leaves which may be perfectly glabrous
or more or less bearded in the axils of the veins beneath and ciliate with
long white hairs near the base; the specimen from Shensi is even more
pubescent; the lower leaves are setose-pilose along the veins and even
sparingly so on the under surface, the upper leaves which are rather na: row
are nearly glabrous. The leaves also vary in size and somewhat in shape,
being sometimes, particularly on vigorous shoots, rounded or nearly sub-
cordate at base as in nos. 2225, 2642 and 2704.

These specimens with rounded to subcordate leaves make it probable
that P. rubricaulis Carriére (in Rey. Hort. 1870-71, 460 [1871]) belongs
here, the description, incomplete as it is, agrees well with P. pekinensis,
but the description of the leaves as “‘cordiformes”’ seemed to be against
this identification; the plant described was raised from seed sent by E.
Simon from China, and probably from Peking from where he introduced
a number of other plants to France.

Philadelphus pekinensis var. dasycalyx Rehder in Jour. Arnold Arb. 1.
197 (1920).—Hers in Jour. N. China Branch R. As. Soc. Lu. 113 (1922);
Liste Ess. Lign. Honan, 20 (1922).

Honan: Hwei hsien, Shansi ee J. Hers, no. 713, June 19, 1919.—
See also Rehder, |. c., and Hers, 1.

Suansti: Nan Yang shan, alt. Peabo m., J. Hers, no. 2729, September
22-30, 1923

The specimen from Shansi differs from the type in the broader ovate
leaves mostly rounded at base and in the elongated inflorescence, the low-
est pairs of flowers being 2.5-3 cm. distant.

Philadelphus laxiflorus, sp. nov.

Frutex 2-3-metralis; cortex ramulorum biennium cinereo-brunneus
vel fere castaneus lamellis tenuibus solubilis; ramuli juveniles fusci glabri.
Folia (ramulorum florentium poli adsunt) elliptico-ovata vel elliptico-
oblonga, 3-5.5 cm. longa et 1.6—2.5 cm, lata, acuminata, basi late cuneata,
supra obscure viridia pilis brevibus setosis satis dense obtecta, subtus
glaucescentia, ad venas primarias sparse setoso- pilosa et in axillis pilis
longis albidis barbata, ceterum glabra, margine setoso-ciliolata et minute
remoteque denticulata denticulis ad mucronem callosum reductis; petioli
circiter 5 mm. longi, glabri vel sparsissime pilosi. Racemi 6-12 cm. longi,
laxi, 9—11-flori, axi glabro, ramulos plerosque foliorum paria tria ex quibus
duo florifera gerentes terminantes; pedicelli inferiora 6-8 mm. longi, ceteri
apicem versus decrescentes; sepala elliptico-ovata, 7 mm. longa, acuminu-
lata, extus ut ovarium campanulatum 4mm. longum glabra, intus marginem
et apicem versus tomentosa, medio glabrata; petala ovali-orbicularia, 1.6

1924] REHDER, LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF NORTHERN CHINA, II 153

cm. longa, stamina 30-35, 6-10 mm. longa, longiora stylum et dimidiam
partem petalorum superantia; discus satis planus, glaber; stylus 8 mm.
longus, glaber, ad medium divisus; stigmata antheris angustiora et secus
marginem exteriorem eis paullo onalors

SuEns1: valleys of Tai pei shan, W. Purdom, no. 439, June 30, 1910.

This species seems most nearly related to P. pekinensis Rupr. and P.
nepalensis Koehne, but from both it is readily distinguished by the short-
pilose and scabrid upper surface of the leaves and the deeply divided style,
also by the longer and looser inflorescence with 9 to 11 flowers and by the
larger flowers. In the pubescence of the leaves it resembles P. sericanthus
Koehne, but that species has a pubescent calyx and the style divided
only at the apex. Philadelphus laxiflorus is without doubt a very orna-
mental species, but has not yet been introduced into cultivation.

Philadelphus incanus Koehne in Gartenfl. xiv. 562 (1896), excl. no.
8823 Henryi.—Hers in Jour. N. China Branch R. As. Soc. ti. 113 (1922);
Liste Ess. Lign. Honan, 20 (1922).

hiladelphus subcanus Hers in Jour. N. China Branch R. As. Soe. ui. 113
(1922); Liste Ess. Lign. Honan, 20 (1922).—Non Koehne.

Honan: Yung ning, Tsi li ping, about 1100 m., J. Hers, no. 402, May 22,
1919; Tsi yuan hsien, Tien tan shan, J. Hers, no. 1783, September 21,
1921 (sterile); Sung hsien, San kuan miao, J. Hers, no. 542, May 24, 1919;
Lushih, Tung ho, alt. 1000 m., J. Hers, no. 985, October 14, 1919.—See
also Hers, |. c.

Suensi: Kan y san, Kin qua san and Lao y san, G. Giraldi, June 12,
July 10 and September 6, 1897.

DisrriBuTion: also Hupeh.

The specimens under no. 542 and no. 985 differ in their less pubescent
leaves from the type and had been tentatively referred to P. subcanus,
but the character of the pubescence is the same as in P. incanus which
seems to be a very variable species.

Philadelphus incanus var. Baileyi Rehder in Bailey, Gent. Herb. 1.
27 (1920).
Honan: Chi kung shan, alt. 500-800 m., L. H. Bailey, June 13,

1917.—See also Bailey, 1. c.

Philadelphus sericanthus Koehne in Gartenfl. xLv. 561 (1896); in Bot.
Jahrb. xx1x. 371 (1900).

SHENS!I: In kia p’u, G. Giraldi, no. 1655 (ex Koehne, 1. c.).

Kansu: Choni district, alt. 3000 m., W. Purdom, no. 1021, 1910.

DistrisuTion: also Hupeh, Szechuan.

Purdom’s specimen from Kansu differs in the flaky bark and in the
glaucescent underside of the leaves and may possibly represent a distinct
species related to P. lariflorus from which it differs, however, markedly
in the pubescent calyx, the only slightly pubescent upper surface of the
leaves and the slightly divided style

154 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou. v

Deutzia scabra Thunberg, Fl. Jap. 185 (1784).—Loesener in Bot. Cen-
tralbl. Beih. xxxvir. abt. m. 129 (1919

SHANTUNG: Tsingtau, probably cultivated (ex Loesener, I. c.).

DistTRIBUTION: Japan

Deutzia discolor Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxur. 275 (1887).—
Engler in Bot. Jahrb. xxrx. beibl. yxxxu. 51 (1905).

SuHEns!: Tai pei shan, W. Purdom, no. 1000, 1910.—See also Engler, 1. c.

DistriIBuTION: also Hupeh, Szechuan, Yunnan.

Deutzia albida Batalin in Act. Hort. Petrop. xu. 97 (1893).—Bret-
schneider, Hist. Eur. Bot. Discov. China, 1028 (1898).— Rehder in Sargent,
Pl. Wilson. 1. 21 (1913).

Deutzia discolor var. albida Schneider in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. x1.
183 (1904).

Kansvu: Pao dji, F. N. Meyer, no. 1996, November 6, 1914 (Herb. U.
5. Dept. Agric.); on the river Pei shui between Lidshapu and Kwan tin,
G. Potanin, 1885 (ex Batalin, |. c., Schneider, |. ¢., and Rehder, |. c.).

Meyer’s no. 1996 consists only of detached and partly broken leaves
apparently collected from under the bushes after they had fallen and their
determination is open to doubt, particularly so as I have no material for
comparison; they agree with Batalin’s description, but are larger, measur-
ing up to 7 cm. in length and to 4 cm. in width.

Deutzia Vilmorinae Lemoine, Cat. no. 158, p. 7, fig. (1904).—Schneider
in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. x1. 182 (1904)

Suensi: “Lao-y-san,”’ June 4, 1897, and ‘‘Ta-sce-tsuen,’’ September
18, G. Giraldt.

DistriBuTIoN: also Hupeh.

Deutzia grandiflora Bunge in Mém. Div. Sav. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb.
1. 104 (Enum. PI. Chin. Bor. 50) (1833).—Turczaninov in Bull. Soc.
Nat. Moscou, x. no. vil. 152 (1837).—Walpers, Rep. 11. 152 (1843).—
Maximowicz in Mém. Div. Sav. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. rx. 471 (Ind.
Fl. Pekin.) (1859); in Mém. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. sér. 7, x. no. XVI.
30, t. 3, fig. 1-13 (1867); in Bull. Soc. Nat. Moscou, trv. 21 (1879).—
Hance in Jour. Bot. x1. 132 (1875).—Franchet in Nouv. Arch. Mus.
Paris, sér. 2, vi. 5 (Pl. David. 1. 125) (1883); in Mém. Soe. Sci. Nat.
Cherbourg, xxiv. 217 (1884).—Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxu1. 276
(1887).—Bretschneider, Hist. Eur. Bot. Discov. China, 53, 333 (1898).—
Rehder in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 21 (1913).—Bailey, Gent. Herb. 1. 27
(1920).—Hers in Jour. N. China Branch R. As. Soc. ti. 109 (1922);
Liste Ess. Lign. Honan, 11 Susaet

sai Ul a var. 8. minor Maximowicz in Mém. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb.
r. Xvi. 31 (1867). —Paliin' in Act. Hort. Petrop. xiv. 119 (1895).—
Rehder i in ay Hae Pl. Wilson. 1. 21 (1913).
Deutzia grandiflora var. a. re ‘Schneider in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges.
xu. 184 (1904).

1924] REHDER, LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF NORTHERN CHINA, II 155

Cui: Weichang, W. Purdom, nos. 16, 1068, 1910; near San tung ying,
F.N. Meyer, no. 953, May 29, 1913; western hills near Peking, W. Purdom,
no. 1069, 1910; same locality, J. Hers, nos. 1898, 1578, May 15 and
August 7, 1921; hills near Great Wall, Kalgan road, J. G. Jack, October
5, 1905; Nankow pass, J. Hers, no. 1603, August 15, 1921; Miao feng
shan, alt. 1000 m., J. Hers, no. 2531, June 17, 1923; “Chin. bor.;”’ ex
Herb. Bunge (Gray Herb.).—See also Bunge, 1. c., Turczaninov, l. c.,
Walpers, 1. c., Maximowicz, |. c. (1859 and 1867), Hance, |. c., Franchet,
l. c. (1883), Hemsley, 1. c., Bretschneider, 1. c., Schneider, 1. c., Rehder,
l. c., Bailey, |. ¢., and Palibin, 1. c.

Shantung: Chifu (ex Maximowicz, I. c. [1879], and Franchet, 1. c. [1884]).

DistriBUTION: also Hupeh, Manchuria.

I do not think that Maximowicz’s var. minor can be retained as a dis-
tinct variety; the material upon which the variety is based probably
came from stunted plants as the description seems to indicate. There
is considerable variation in the size of the leaves and of the flowers and in
the length of the style, apparently without correlation.

Deutzia grandiflora var. glabrata Maximowicz in Mém. Acad. Sci. St.
Pétersb. sér. 7, x. no. xvi. 31 (1867).—Schneider in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr.
Ges. xi. 184 (1904).—Rehder in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 22 (1913).

Deutzia Baroniana Diels in Bot. Jahrb. xxrx. 372 (1900).
Deutzia grandiflora var. Baroniana Rehder in Bae Pl. Wilson. 1. 21
(1913). aoe Bot. Reis. Pa. Chin. Ost-Tib. 402 (1922).—
ers in Jour. N. China Branch R. As. Soe. Lut. ‘109 (1922); Liste Ess. Lign.
Honan, 11 (1922).
Deutzia grandiflora Hers, I. ¢

Cuiui: Peking, esteen hilly: J. Hers, no. 1617, September 5, 1921;
Po hua shan, J. Hers, nos. 1406, 1416, May 1, 1921; Hsiao Wu tai shan,
F. N. Meyer, no. 1230°, August 20, 1913; Ta hung men, J. Hers, no. 2216,
October 10, 1922; near Peking, Jatarinov, (fragments from Herb. St.
Petersb.).—See also Maximowicz, |. c., Schneider, |. c., Rehder, |. c., and
Limpricht, |. c.

Honan: Teng feng hsien, Yu tai shan, alt. about 800 m., J. Hers, no.
202, April 23, 1919; Yu tai shan, J. Hers, nos. 319 and 323, April 20 and
April, 1920; Hwei hsien, Ta fu sze, J. Hers, no. 747, June 16, 1919; Yung
ning, Yo tze ping, alt. 1000 m., J. Hers, no. 835, October 5, 1919; Yung
ning, Chuan pao shan, alt. 1500 m., J. Hers, no. 1109, October 17, 1919;
Sung hsien, San kuan miao, alt. 1000 m., J. Hers, no. 1318, September
27, 1919; Tsi yuan hsien, alt. 500 m., J. Hers, no. 2653, August 22, 1923.—
See also Hers, |. c

Suensi: “Ta sce tsuen,’’ G. Giraldi, September 19, 1897; “‘Huo kia
zaez,’’ G. Giraldi, no. 2519; northwest of Han chung hsien, W. Purdom,
no. $99, 1910.—See also Diels, |. c., Schneider, l. c., and Rehder, |. c.

With the copious material before me I am unable to distinguish bet ween
var. glabrata and var. Baroniana; there are all intergradations present
between leaves which have the underside fairly densely covered with

156 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

stellate hairs and those with scattered stellate hairs; in the latter case
the hairs have usually more (6-9) and shorter rays and are more regularly
stellate while in specimens with denser pubescence the hairs have fewer
(4-7) rays often elongated and with a central ray developed, particularly
those on the veins which gives to the pubescence a pilose character.

Deutzia prunifolia Rehder in pa den Pl. Wilson. 1. (1913).—

Loesener in Bot. aaa Beih. xxxvu. abt. m. 130 (191
Deutzia_ parviflora Cowdry in Jour. ie China Branch R. As. =e Lint. 164
(Pl. Peitaiho) pee ).—Non Bung

Cui: Lotus hills, Pei tai ho, common, N. H. Cowdry, no. 157, May 28,
1919.—See also Cowdry, |. c

SHANTUNG: Tai shan, J. Bon no. 1925, June 18, 1922.—See also Loes-
ener, |. c.

Nortuern Kiancsu: Liu lin shan, near Hai chow, J. Hers, nos. 606,
614, 649, May 5, 1921.

DistRIBUTION: also Korea.

Like the preceding this species varies greatly in the size of the flowers
in the same locality as in Hers’ specimens from the hills near Hai chow
of which nos. 614 and 649 have the petals 10-12 mm. long, while in no.
606 they are 18 mm. long.

Deutzia hamata Koehne in Bot. Jahrb. xxxiv. beibl. Lxxv. 37 (1904).—
Rehder in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 22 (1913).—Loesener in Bot. Centralbl.
Beih. xxxvu. abt. 1. 130, t. 5, fig. r-s (1919)

SuHantuna: Lau shan (ex Koehne, |. c., and Loesener, I. ¢.).—See also
Rehder, 1. c.

The chief distinguishing character of this species, the peculiar rim-like
excrescence of the disk on the inside of the stamens is very pronounced
in Koehne’s original drawing of which the author kindly sent me a copy in
1913, being strongly incurved and covering the larger part of the top of
the ovary, while in the figure cited above this rim is much shorter and
upright, and similar, only somewhat higher, to the corresponding structure
found in D. grandiflora and D. prunifolia.

Deutzia parviflora Bunge in Mém. Div. Sav. Acad. Sei. St. Pétersb.
uw. 105 (Enum. Pl. Chin. Bor. 51) (1833).—Turczaninov in Bull. Soc.
Nat. Moscou, x. no. vil. 152 (1837).—Walpers, Rep. 1. 152 (1843).—
Maximowicz in Mém. Div. Sav. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. rx. 471 (Ind. FI.
Pekin.) (1859); in Mém. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. sér. 7, x. no. xvi. 33, t
3, fig. 18-23 (1867).—Hance in Jour. Bot. xm. 132 ake eet
in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, sér. 2, vi. 5 (Pl. David. 1. 124) (1883).—
Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxi. 276 (1887). eerie ie Hist.
Eur. Bot. Discov. China, 53, 333, 1054 (1898)—Rehder in Sargent, PI.
Wilson. 1. 23 (1913).—Limpricht, Bot. Reis. Hochgeb. Chin. Ost-Tib. 402

Deutzia parviflora «. Bungei Franchet in Jour. de Bot. x. 283 (1896).
Deutzia parviflora 8. mongolica Franchet,

1924] REHDER, LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF NORTHERN CHINA, II 157

Deutzia corymbosa var. parviflora Schneider in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges.
xu. 184 (1904).

Cnriui: Weichang, W. Purdom, no. 40, 1910; Peking, western hills, J.
Hers, no. 1618, September 5, 1921; Po hua shan, J. Hers, nos. 1442,
1474, July 1 and 14, 1921; Hsiao Wu tai shan, F. N. Meyer, no. 1230,
August 20, 1913; J. Hers, nos. 1496 and 1553, July 14, 1921; N. H. Cowdry,
no. 1662, July 13, 1921; Hsiao Wu tai shan, Tieh ling sze, alt. 1300 m., J.
Hers, no. 2138, October 7, 1922; Hsiao Wu tai shan, Shui shih tao, alt.
1500 m., J. Hers, nos. 2161, 2163, October 8, 1922; Tung ling Mountains,
N. H. Cowdry, no. 1324, May, 1921, and no. 2150, May 18, 1921; without
precise locality, Pére Chanet, nos. 5, 1918, and 57, 1919.—See also Bunge,
J. c., Turezaninov, |. c., Walpers, |. c., Maximowicz, |. c., cn l. c.,
Franchet, |. c., Hemsley, |. c., Rehder, |. ¢., and Limpricht, 1.

Honan: Tsi yuan hsien, alt. 500 m., J. Hers, no. 2661, August a 1923;
Tsi yuan hsien, Tien tan shan, J. Fen. nos. 1743, 1744, 1898, September
21, 1921; Yung ning, Tsi li ping, J. Hers, no. 1377, September 30, 1919.

Kansu: south of the Hoang ho, P. J. Piasezki (ex Hemsley, |. c.).

DistTriBuTion: also Manchuria.

For geographical reasons it is probable that the Kansu plant belongs
to the var. micrantha.

Deutzia parviflora var. ovatifolia Rehder in Jour. Arnold Arb. 1. 210
(1920).

Citi: Weichang, W. Purdom, no. 40 (in part), 1910.

This variety which is based on cultivated plants raised from seed sent
by W. Purdom under no. 40 differs chiefly in its distinctly ovate leaves,
rounded or truncate at the base and very sparingly stellate-pubescent
above and glabrous beneath; in the latter character it agrees with Fran-
chet’s var. Bungei but that variety, as its name implies, is based on the
type of D. parviflora which has oblong-obovate leaves according to Bunge’s
description.

Deutzia parviflora var. micrantha, var. nov.

Deutzia micrantha Engler in Bot. Jahrb. a beibl. Lxxxir. 51 (1905).—
Rehder in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 23 (191

SHENsI: Tsin ling shan, G. Giraldi, no. 7179 oo in herb. Arnold
Arb.); In-kia-po, G. Giraldi, June 4, 1897; Kin-san, G. Giraldi, 1897;
Tai pei shan, W. Purdom, no. 1040, 1910; ‘‘monte Lun-san-huo”’ G.
Giraldi, no. 783, May 23, 1892.—See also Engler, |. c., and Rehder, |. c.
There are apparently no constant characters to separate D. micrantha
Engl. as a species from D. parviflora with which unfortunately Engler
did not compare it; according to the specimens cited above the variety
may be distinguished by its generally smaller flowers with petals 3.5—-5
mm. long, and by the denser pubescence of the underside of the leaves
which are elliptic-ovate to ovate-lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate and
cuneate at base. The stellate hairs have 7-11 rays and are often so close
as to touch each other; particularly near the veins they often develop an

158 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

elongated central ray usually with a corresponding reduction of the lateral
rays, which gives a pilose appearance to the pubescence. The pubescence
is very dense in Giraldi’s specimens from In-kia-po and from Kin-san
and rather scattered in Purdom’s specimens from the Tai pei shan. In
typical D. parviflora the pubescence of the underside of the leaves is usually
very slight and sometimes nearly wanting. The size of the flowers affords
no clear distinction as e. g. Komarov’s no. 836 from Manchuria and part
of Purdom’s no. 40 from Chili have flowers with petals not exceeding 5
mm. in length.

As stated under D. parviflora Piasezki’s specimens from Kansu referred
by Hemsley to D. parviflora probably belong here.

Deutzia corymbosa R. Brown apud Royle, Ill. Bot. Himal. 216, t.
46, fig. 2 (1839).—Diels in Bot. Jahrb. xxrx. 371 (1900).—Engler in Bot.
Jahrb. xxxvi. beibl. uxxxir. 51 (1905).

SuEnsi: Tui kio shan, G. Giraldi, no. 1120 (ex Diels, 1. c.) and Ki fon
shan, G. Giraldi, no. 4504 (ex Engler, 1. c.).

It is very doubtful if these specimens belong to D. corymbosa R. Br.
It is more likely that they are referable to D. parviflora and probably to
D. parviflora var. micrantha.

Deutzia glabrata Komarov in Act. Hort. Petrop. xx1r. 433 (1903).—
Schneider in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. xin. 185 (1904).—Rehder in
Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 24 (1913).—Loesener in Bot. Centralbl. Beih.
xxxvu. abt. 1. 180 (1919).

Deutzia glaberrima Koehne in Bot. Jahrb. xxxiv. beibl. Lxxxir. 38 (1904).

Suantune: Lau shan (ex Schneider, I. c., Koehne, |. c., Rehder, 1. c.,
and Loesener, |. c.).

DistrIBuTION: also Korea.

Deutzia hypoglauca Rehder in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 24 (1913).

Snensi: valley leading to Tai pei shan, alt. about 2500 m., W. Purdom,
no. 428, 1910.

DistrisuTion: also Hupeb, Yunnan (Delavay, no. 986).

Hydrangea Bretschneideri Dippel, Handb. Laubholzk. 111. 320 (1893).—
Rehder in Sargent, PI. Wilson. 1. 38 (1913).
a et gees scens ‘“Dne?’ aximowicz in Mém whe = Acad. Sci.
. ix. 472 (Ind. Fi. Pekin.) (1859). —Non Deca

H wdrangea nas var. pubescens Maximowicz in Mém. reer "Sei. St. Pétersb.

xvi. 10 7), re gins Decaisne. —Franche t in Nouv. Arch.

ae. Paris, sér. 2, VI. Pl. David. 1. 124) (1883).—Sargent in Gard. &

Forest, m1. 17, fig. E806). oe alibin in Act. Hort. Petrop. xiv. 119

(1s or yc Hist. Eur. Bot. Discov. China, 348, 565, 1054
(18¢

te vestita Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxu1. 274 (1887).—Non

Ja cn.
Cnriui: Weichang, W. Purdom, no. 76", 1910; Po hua shan, J. Hers,
nos. 1448 and 1672, July 1 and September 9, 1921; Hsiao Wu tai shan,

1924] REHDER, LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF NORTHERN CHINA, II 159

J. Hers, nos. 1478 and 1560, July 14 and July 16, 1921; F. N. Meyer, no.
1322, August 23, 1913; Hsiao Wu tai shan, Shui shih tao, alt. 1500 m., J.
Hers, no. 2150, October 8, 1922; Tung ling, B. E. Read, no. 103 (Herb.
N. E. Cowdry, no. 2203); without precise locality, Pére Chanet, no. 58,
1919.—See also Rehder, ]. c., Maximowicz, |. c., Franchet, |. c., Hemsley,
]. c., and Palibin, 1. ec.

Kansu: Min chow, W. Purdom, no. 1020, 1910; Choni district, W.
Purdom, no. 1131, 1910.

The original description of this species was based on cultivated plants
raised from seed distributed by Dr. Bretschneider about 1880.

Hydrangea Bretschneideri var. glabrescens Rehder in Mitt. Deutsch.
Dendr. Ges. xxi. 186 (1912)—Limpricht Bot. Reis. Hochgeb. Chin.
Ost.-Tib. 402 (1922), as forma.

Hydrangea serrata Koehne, Deutsche Dendr. 189 (1893).—Non De Candolle.
Hydrangea xanthoneura var. glabrescens Rehder in Bailey, Cycl. Am. Hort.
11. 784 (1900).

Cut: Weichang, W. Purdom, no. 76, 1910; Hsiao Wu tai shan, J.
Hers, no. 1484, July 14, 1921; without precise locality, W. Purdom, no.
978, 1910; Pére Chanet, no. 26, 1918.—See also Limpricht, 1. c.

SHANSI: Wu tai shan, alt. 1600 m., J. Hers, no. 2632, July 29, 1923;
Wu chai hsien, Ta nan kow, alt. 2000-3000 m., T'chuang Kieh, Hers no.
2031, September 7, 1922.

SHEns!: Tsing ling shan (ex Limpricht, 1. c.).

This, like the type of the species, was originally described from culti-
vated plants raised from seed sent by Dr. Bretschneider. It should perhaps
be considered a form, as proposed by Limpricht, rather than a variety.

Hydrangea xanthoneura Diels var. Wilsonii Rehder in Sargent, PI.
Wilson. 1. 27 (1913)

Honan: Tsi yuan hsien, Tien tan shan, J. Hers, nos. 1752, 1761, Sep-
tember 21, 1921.

SuEns!: Kin qua san, G. Giraldi, July 10, 1897; Kian san, G. Giraldi,
August 4, 1897; without precise locality, G. Giraldi, 1897; Tai pei shan,
W. Purdom, no. 976, 1910.

DistRIBUTION: also Hupeh, Szechuan, Yunnan.

Hydrangea xanthoneura var. setchuenensis Rehder in Mitt. Deutsch.
Dendr. Ges. xxi. 186 (191 2).
Hydrangea Giraldii Diels in Bot. Jahrb. xxrx. 373 (1900).
Hydrangea Bretschneideri var. setchuenensis Rehder in Sargent, Pl. Wilson.
1. 28 (1913).
Hydrangea Bretschneideri var. Giraldii Rehder, 1. c. 39 (1913).
SHENSI: various localities, G. Giraldi (ex Diels, 1. c.).
DistrisuTion: also Hupeh, Szechuan.
There seems to be no reliable character to distinguish H. Giraldii Diels
of which I have seen no specimen except a photograph of one of the types
from H. xanthoneura var. setchuenensis; the fact that the leaves of the

160 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [von. v

latter are usually rounded at base and those of the former cuneate can
hardly be considered a sufficient character and moreover the shape of the
base is not constant as no. 1323 of var. setchuenensis shows which has
cuneate leaves. All the specimens of Giraldi’s collection received from
the Herbarium in Florence under the name H. Giraldii had the underside
of the leaves nearly glabrous and have been referred here to the preceding
variety.

Hydrangea xanthoneura and H. Bretschneideri are very closely related
and both vary with pubescent and glabrescent leaves; the only reliable
character to distinguish these two species is apparently the behavior of
the bark which, in H. Bretschneideri, separates the second year in thin
large flakes and is of chestnut-brown color without or with few incon-
spicuous lenticels, while in H. ranthoneura the bark adheres to the branch,
is conspicuously lenticellate and varies from yellowish gray to red-brown
in color.

Hydrangea longipes Franchet in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, sér. 2, vit.
228 (Pl. David. 1m. 45) (1885).—Rehder in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 33
(1913).—Hers in Jour. N. China Branch R. As. Soc. tur. 111 (1922); Liste
Ess. Lign. Honan, 11 (1922

Hydrangea Hemsleyana Diels i in Bot. Jahrb. xxrx. 376 (1900).

ONAN: Sung hsien, San kuan miao, J. Hers, no. 551, May 24, 1919;
Lushih, Hiung oul shan, alt. 1400 m., J. Hers, no. 938, October 10, 1908.—
See also Hers, I. c.

SuHensi: Kin quan san, G. Giraldi, July 10, 1897; Tai pei shan, W.
Purdom, no. 977, 1910.—See also Diels, 1]. ¢

DistripuTion: also Hupeh, Szechuan.

Hydrangea Rosthornii Diels in Bot. Jahrb. xx1x. 374 (1900).

Honan: Lushih, Hiung eul shan, alt. 1300 m., J. Hers, no. 871, October
9, 1919

DistriBuTION: also Szechuan.

Hers’ specimen referred here to H. Rosthornii may possibly be nothing
but a very vigorous and more pubescent form of H. longipes but it certainly
matches better the material of H. Rosthornii before me than that of H.
longipes. Asin the case of H. Bretschneidert and H. xanthoneura we have
here a group of closely related very variable species namely H. strigosa
Rehd., H. longipes and H. Rosthornii, which though very distinct in their
extreme forms seem to merge into each other and are difficult to define.

Hydrangea macrophylla De aa Prodr. rv. 15 (1830).—Wilson
in Jour. Arnold Arb. tv. 234 (19
Hydrangea ‘ Hortensie”’ eens e “Denkschr. Entwickel. Kiautschou, 31

(1898).
sa idles aoe ‘“Hortensie’’ Gilg & Koehne in Bot. Jahrb. xxxtv. beibl.
39 (1904).—Loesener in Bot. Centralbl. Beth. xxxvir. abt. um. 130

1919).
SHANTUNG: cultivated (ex Faber, |. c., Gilg & Koehne, |. c., and Loesener,
c

1924] REHDER, LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF NORTHERN CHINA, II 161

Ribes manshuricum Komarov in Act. Hort. Petrop. xxn. 437 (FI.
Mansh. 11. pt. 2) (1904).—Janczewski in Mém. Soc. Phys. Hist. Nat.

yenéve, xxxv. 274 (Monog. ae (190 7).
Ribes sie ile y. mandshuricum Maximowicz in Mél. Biol. 1x. 229 (1873);
in Bull. Acad. Sei. fan Pees, XIx. 258 (1874
Ribes Lanes um va ongolica Franchet in Neat Arch. Mus. Paris, sér. 2,

wien Vr hy David. i 07) (1883).
Ribes multiflorum ioeege in Jour. Linn. Soc. xx. 279 Sts ee
in Bot. Jahrb. xxx eibl. LXxXxII. "50 (1905).—Non Kita
Ribes petraeum fae in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxur. 280 (1887) eat < Wulfen.
Criui: Weichang, W. Purdom, nos. 10, 81, 1910 (flowers and fruits);
Hsiao Wu tai shan, J. Hers, no. 1473, July 14, 1921; without precise
locality, Pére Chanet, no. 53, 1919.—See also Janczewski, |. c. (1907),
Maximowicz, |. c., Franchet, |. c., and Hemsley, 1. c.
Pepys AN: Tsi yuan hsien, Tien tan shan, J. Hers, no. 1700, September
, 1921 (sterile, doubtful).
un without precise locality, G. Giraldi, 1897.—See also Janczewski,
1. c. (1907 and 1905).
DistTriBuTION: also Manchuria, Korea.
Ribes moupinense Franch. var. tripartitum Janczewski Mém. Soc.

Phys. Hist. Nat. Genéve, xxxv. 300 (Monog. Groseill.) (190
Rives tripartitum Batalin in Act. Hort. eae x1. 488 (1890). ee ee itied

Hist. Eur. Bot. Discov. naa pees (1898).
Ribes moupinense acai in B elerdeh xxxvi. beibl. uxxxir. 51 (1905),
quoad plan e Shensi.—Vix Te

SHENSI: G. non rts (ex pane: i c. Sav and 1905]).

Kawnsu: G. N. Potanin (ex Batalin, |. c.).

DistripuTion (of the whole species): also Hupeh, Szechuan, and
Yunnan.

Ribes latifolium Janczewski in Bull. Acad. Cracovie Cl. Sci. Nat. 1906,
4 (Spec. Gen. Ribes, 11.); in Mém. Soc. Phys. Hist. Nat. Genéve, xxxv.
294 (1907).

Cutt: EF. Bodinier, no. 44 (ex Janczewski, |. c. [1907]).

DistrisuTion: also Manchuria, Saghalin, Kurile Islands, Japan.

Ribes emodense! var. urceolatum, comb. nov.

1Ribes emodense, nom. —
Ribes et gis Hooker f. & Thomson in Jour. in Soc. 11. 89 (1858).—Hooker f.,
‘} Ind. 11. ae (1878).—Non Linnaeu
pee “hina ense Decaisne in Jacquemont, ae dans l’Inde, Iv. 66 (1844).—

Ribes hn ee Decaisne, |. c. t. 77 (1844).—Janezewski in Bot. Jahrb. xxxvr.
beib]. LXXxII. 51 (1905); in Mém. Soc. Phys. Hist. Nat. Genéve, xxxv. 296
7).—No

Decaisne unfortunately adopted Royle’s name for this plant and cites him as the
author, though it is evident from Royle’s account (Ill. Bot. Himal. 225) that he intended
Ive a name to the Hiei ae Gooseberry of which there is only one spe cies known
later calle d by Decaisne R. alpestre. There may be doubt if Royle’s name should be
sso properly ear and should supersede Decaisne’s name for the Himalayan
Gooseberry as it lacks a technical description, but it does no seem wise and is not
in conformity with the Rules of N omenclature to retain the name R. / nalense, or R.
himalayense as it is spelled on the plate, for the Himalayan Coe a Gerced to R.
rubrum by Hooker and other botanists, as it is is rly an incorrect application of Royle’s
name which may yet be taken up for the species go rep known as R. alpestre Dene.

162 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [VoL. v

Ribes ski Decaisne in Jacquemont, Voy. dans I’ Inde, rv. t. 77 (1844).—
Janczewski in Bot. Jahrb. xxxvi. beibl. uxxxu. 51 (1905 }).—Non R. hima-
pa Ro

7 Dap ny ailv hp Decaisnet sear ti in Mém. Soc. Phys. Nat. Genéve,

onog. Groseill.) (19

Ribes | himalayens y-_urceolatum ec 1. c. (1907); in Bull. Acad. Sei.
Cracovie Cl. Sci. Nat. 1910, 69.

SHENSI: G. "Giraldi (ex Janczewski, |. c. [1905, 1907 and 1910]).

DisTRIBUTION (of the variety): Hupeh, Yunnan, Sikkim

Ribes emodense var. verruculosum, var. nov.

A typo recedit foliis minoribus subtus ad venas basin versus et in
petiolo apicem versus verruculis elevatis et ascendentibus glanduliferis
instructis, racemis brevioribus, floribus subsessilibus, fructibus rubris
sapidis.—Frutex metralis, ramulis glabris, ramis vetustioribus cinereis:
folia 5-loba, lobis elongato-triangularibus saepe duplo longioribus quam
latis acuminatis dupliciter inciso-serratis, 3-5.5 em. longa, supra glabra,
subtus basi tantum in axillis venarum villosa, ad venas praecipue basin
versus verruculis glanduliferis (glandulis minimis et saepe obsoletis)
conspersis; petioli graciles, 1.5—3.5 cm. longi, basi sparse glanduloso-ciliati,
apicem versus ut venae verruculis instructi, ceterum glabri: racemi 2.5—4
em. longi, rhachide leviter pubescente; bracteae rotundatae vel ovatae,
ciliatae, circiter 1 mm. longae; flores subsessiles vel brevissime pedicellati,
sepalis ciliatis, petalis cuneiformibus glabris quam stamina paullulo
brevioribus, stylo apice bifido stamina aequante: bacca globosa, vix 8
mm. diam., rubra, sapida.

Cut: Hsiao Wu tai shan, J. Hers, no. 1532, July 14, 1921 (type);
same locality, F. N. Meyer, no. 13863, August 29, 1913 (fruiting).

SHANs1: Wu chai hsien, Ta nan kow, alt. 2000 to 3000 m., Tchuang
Kieh, Hers no. 2028, September 7, 1922; Fang shan hsien, Nan hi shan,
alt. 2000 to 3000 m., J. Hers, no. 2706, September 22-30,

This variety seems nearest to var. urceolatum (Jancz.) sets but
differs chiefly in its lower stature, smaller leaves glabrous above and
furnished on the veins beneath as on the petiole with numerous small
wart-like excrescences, and in its red fruit which according to Mr. Hers
is of excellent flavor and just as good as our cultivated currants. The
peculiar wart-like excrescences or glands can be found occasionally though
very sparingly on specimens of var. urceolatum and of typical R. emodense
from the northwestern Himalaya. From the two other varieties, var.
urceolatum which has black fruits and var. glandulosum, comb. nov. (R.
himalayense var. glandulosum Janczewski) which has orange fruit, var.
verruculosum is well distinguished by the color of its fruit, but the Hima-
layan plant is described as having at least in one form red fruits which,
however, are said to be not palatable. When we have a more definite
knowledge of the fruit of the Himalayan plant we may probably be able
to distinguish this northern variety as a species,

Ribes Meyeri Maximowicz in Mél. Biol. 1x. 232 (1873); in Bull. Acad.

1924] REHDER, LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF NORTHERN CHINA, II 163

Sci. St. Pétersb. xrx. 260 (1874).—Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxii.
279 (1887).—Bretschneider, Hist. Eur. Bot. Discov. China, 1054 (1898).

Cuiui: near Peking (ex Maximowicz, |. c., Hemsley, |. c., and Bret-
schneider, |. c.).

DistrisuTion: also Central Asia to Szechuan.

I have seen no specimens from northern China and as Janczewski in
his monograph does not mention it from this region its occurrence there
seems doubtful.

Ribes nigrum Linnaeus, Spec. 201 (1753).—Hance in Jour. Bot. xu.
132 (1875).—Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxm1. 279 (1887).

? Ribes pauciflorum “ Bge. vel affinis” Janczewski in Bot. Jahrb. xxvu. beibl.
LXxxII. 51 (1905).

Cui: Po hua shan, E. Bretschneider (ex Hance, |. c., and Hemsley,
l. c.).

SHEns!: Kan y shan in Lao y shan, G. Giraldi, no. 3776 (ex Janczewski,
l.c.).

DistrRiBuTION: Europe and Siberia east to Irkutsk and Tomsk.

I have seen no specimens of R. nigrum from northern China and it
seems doubtful whether this species is found there; Janczewski in his
monograph gives Siberia as the native country of R. nigrum var. pauci-
florum (Turcz.) Jancz., while typical R. nigrum is restricted to Europe,

Ribes fasciculatum Sieb. & Zucc. var. chinense Maximowicz in Mél.
Biol. 1x. 238 (1873); in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. xrx. 263 (1874).—Ito
in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xiv. 105 (1900).—Janeczewski in Mém. Soc. Phys.
Hist. Nat. Genéve, xxxv. 397 (Monog. Groseill.) (1907).—Loesener in

Bot. Centralbl. Beih. xxxvm. abt. (1919).
Ribes fasciculatum Hemsley in Jou n. Soc. xxu. 279 (1889).—Faber in
r. Entwickel. Kiautichou, a “as 98).—Janczewski in Bot. Jahrb.
xxxvi. beibl. Lxxxir. 5 05). —Non Siebold & Zuccarini.
Ribes gow Hance in hoe . Bot. xu. 36 (1875).—Franchet in Mém.
oe. at. Cherbourg, el 217 (1884

Bae ee Chifu (ex Hemsley, |. c., Branches: l. ¢., and Ito, 1. ¢.);
Lau shan (ex Loesener, |. c.).

NorrtuHern Kiancsu: Hai chow hills, alt. 200 m., Kang Fu Lai, Hers
no. 2288, October 8, 1922; Liu lin shan, near Hai chow, J. Hers, no. 609,
May 5, 1921.

Honan: Tsi yuan hsien, Tien tan shan, J. Hers, no. 1702, September 17,
1921 (sterile).

Suensi: Tschan lien li, F. N. Meyer, no. 1925, September 17, 1914
(Herb. = S. Dept. Agric.) ; Ko hou shan, pr. Tsu lu, G, Giraldi (ex Janczew-
ski, |

ne also Korea and the typical form in Japan.

Ribes Maximowiczii Batalin in Act. Hort. Petrop. x1. 487 (1890).—
Bretschneider, Hist. Eur. Bot. Discov. China, 1028 (1898).—Janczewski
in Mém. Soc. Phys. Hist. Nat. Genéve, xxxv. 473 (Monog. Groseill.)
(1907).

164 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

Kansu: banks of river Lum bu, G. N. Potanin (ex Bata'in, |. c., Bret-
schneider, |. c., and Janczewski, |. c.).
DistriBuTION; also Szechuan.

Ribes acuminatum Wallich in Roxburgh, Fl. Ind. m. 514 (1824).—
Janczewski in Bot. Jahrb. XXXVI. beibl. Lxxxu. 52 (1905)
Ribes a var. ve s Janczewski Mém. Soc. Phys. Hist. Nat.
472 (M rs ‘Groseill.) (190
SHENSI: Hua | rae pin, G. Giraldi (e ani aes
DistripuTion: also Hupeh, Szechuan, Yunnan; {imalayas.

Ribes glaciale Wallich in Roxburgh, FI. Ind. 11. 513 (1824).—Janezewski
in Bot. Jahrb. xxxvi. beibl. rxxxi. 51 (1905); in Mém. Soc. Phys. Hist.
Nat. Genéve, xxxv. 467 (Monog. Groseill.) (1907).

? Ribes eet hellum var. inerme Janczewski in Bot. Jahrb. xxxvi. beibl. Lxxx11.

SHENSI: Qua in san, G. Giraldi, July 16, 1897.—See also Janczewski,
1. c. (1905 and 1907).
DistrisuTtion: also Hupeh, Szechuan, Yunnan; Himalayas.

Ribes coeleste Janczewski in Bull. Acad. Cracovie Cl. Sci. Nat. 1906,
290 (Spec. Gen. Ribes, m1. 11); in Mém. Soc. Phys. Hist. Nat. Genéve,
XxXxv. 465 (1907)

SHENsI!I: Tai pei shan, W. Purdom, no. 975, 1910.—See also Janczewski,
1. c. (1906 and 1907).

DistTRIBUTION: also Szechuan.

Ribes tenue Janczewski in Bull. Acad. Sci. Cracovie Cl. Sci. Nat.
1906, 290 (Spec. Gen. Ribes, m1. 11).

SuEnsi: G. Giraldi, no. 7159 (ex Janczewski, |. ¢.).

Disrripution: Hupeh, Szechuan; Tibet, Sikkim.

Ribes tricuspe Nakai, Chosenshokubutsu 1. 342, f. 426 (1913); in Tokyo
Bot. Mag. xxx. 142 (1916).

Honan: Yung ning, Chuan pao shan, J. Hers, no. 1123, October 17,
1919; Lushih, Lao kiun shan, alt. 2000 m., J. Hers, no. 1171, September
21, 1919; Tsi yen hsien, Tien tan shan, J. Hers, no. 1718, September 20,
1921.

DistRiBuTION: also Korea, Japan.

The specimens cited above are all sterile and I am therefore not quite
sure if their identification with R. tricuspe is correct, but they agree
perfectly well with specimens from Korea of this species and do not match
any other Ribes known from northern China.

Ribes pulchellum Turczaninov in Bull. Soc. Nat. Moscou, v. 191
(1832).—Maximowicz in Mél. Biol. rx. 241 (1873); in Bull. Acad. Sci.
St. . jes XIx. 266 (1874).—Franchet in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, sér.
2, v1. 7 (Pl. David. 1. 127) (1883).—Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxi. 280
(1887).—Bretschneider, Hist. Eur. Bot. Discov. China, 344 (1898).—Jan-

2194] REHDER, LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF NORTHERN CHINA, II 165

czewski in Mém. Soc. Phys. Hist. Nat. Genéve, xxxv. 453, fig. 162
(Monog. Groseill.) (1907).

Cui: Weichang, W. Purdom, no. 31, 1910; Cal-ceen wong, W. Purdom,
no. 70, 1910; Po hua shan, J. Hers, no. 1663, September 9, 1921; Hsiao
Wu tai shan, Shui shih tao, alt. 1500 m., J. Hers, no. 2179, October 8,
1922; Hsiao Wu tai shan, southeastern valley, alt. 900-1500 m., J. Hers,
no. 2193, October 9, 1922.—See also Turczaninow, |. c., Maximowicz, l. c.,
Franchet, |. c., Bretschneider, |. c., and Janczewski, |. c.

SHANsI: Shara khada mountains, N. Przewalski (ex Maximowicz, |. c.).

DistTRIBUTION: Szechuan; Mongolia, Transbaicalia.

Ribes Giraldii Janczewski in Bull. Acad. Sci. Cracovie Cl. Sci. Nat.
1906, 289 (Spec. Gen. Ribes 111. 10); in Mém. Soc. Phys. Hist. Nat. Genéve,
xxxv. 455, fig. 163 (Monog. Groseill.) (1907).

? Ribes orientale Janezewski in Bot. Jahrb. xxxvi. beibl. Lxxxi. 51 (1905).
SHaAns!: Hia hsien, Huang lai kow, J. Hers, no. 1862, October 2, 1921.
SHEnsrI: Tai pei shan, W. Purdom, no. 974, 1910.—See also Janczewski,

1. c. (1906, 1907 and 1905).

Ribes bureiense Fr. Schmidt in Mém. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. sér. 7.
XI. no. m1. 42 (1868).—Janczewski in Bot. Jahrb. xxxvi. beibl. Lxxxu,
51 (1905); in Bull. Acad. Sci. Cracovie Cl. Sci. Nat. 1906, 284 (Spec. Gen.
Ribes. 111. 5); in Mém. Soc. Phys. Sci. Nat. Genéve, xxxv. 371, fig. 99
(Monog. Groseill.) (1907).—Hers in Jour. N. China Branch R. As. Soc.
Lint. 115 (1922); Liste Ess. Lign. Honan, 26 (1922).

ibes macrocalyx Hance in etn Bot. sie 35, 132 (1875 ae —Franchet in Nouv
Arch. Mus. Paris, sér. 2, vi. 6 (Pl. D vid. I. 121) Oban feiller,
Hist. Eur. Bot. Dis cov. China, 862, 1054 (18
Ribes grossularioides Hemsley in Jour. Linn. ae xx. 279 (1887).—Non
? Ribes pr Hers, |. ce. (1922).—Non Decaisne.

Cuit1: Hsiao Wu tai shan, F. N. Meyer, no. 1333, August 23, 1913;
same locality, J. Hers, no. 1555, July 14, 1921; Hsiao Wu tai shan, Tieh
ling sze, alt. 1300 m., J. Hers, no. 2148, October 7, 1922.—See also Bret-
schneider, |. c., and Janczewski, |. c. (1906 and 1907).

Honan: Lushih, Hiung eul shan, alt. 1400 m., J. Hers, no. 913, October
10, 1919; Yung ning, Chuan pao shan, alt. 1500 m., J. Hers, no. 1111,
October 17, 1919 (both sterile).

SHANSI: Wu tai shan, alt. 1600 m., J. Hers, no. 2633, July 29, 1923;
Wu chai hsien, Ta nan kow, alt. 2000-3000 m., Tchuang Kieh, Hers no.
2017, September 7, 1922; Nan yang shan, alt. 1500-2000 m., J. Hers,
no. 2707, September 22-30, 1923.

Snensi: “Gie ju,” G. Giraldi, no. 3769 (ex Janczewski, 1. c. (1905,
1906 and 1907)).

DistrisuTion: Manchuria, Korea.

In Hers’ nos. 2017 and 2707 from Shansi the fruits are less spiny than
in the type, some fruits bearing only 3 or 4 spines.

166 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

Ribes stenocarpum Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. xxvit.
475 (1881); in Mél. Biol. x1. 228 (1881).—Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc.
Xx. 280 (1887).—Bretschneider, Hist. Eur. Bot. Discov. China, 976
(1898).—Janczewski in Bot. Jahrb. xxxvi. beibl. uxxxm. 51 (1905); in
Bull. Acad. Sci. Cracovie Cl. Sci. Nat. 1906, 284 (Spec. Gen. Ribes m1.
5); in Mém. Soc. Phys. Sci. Nat. Genéve, xxxv. 374, fig. 101 (Monog.
Groseill.) (1907).

HENSI: Tue lien pin, G. Giraldi, nos. 522, 523 (ex Janczewski, 1. c.
[1905, 1906 and 1907)).

Kansvu: Tangut, N. Przewalski (ex Maximowicz, |. c., Hemsley, 1. c.,

and Bretschneider, |. c.).

Ribes alpestre 8. giganteum Janczewski in Bull. Acad. Sci. Cracovie
Cl. Sci. Nat. 1910, 72.—Meyer in U. S. Dept. Agric. Bur. Pl. Indust.
Invent. Seeds Pl. Imp. xm. 38, 52, nos. 39916, 40022, pl. 6 (1918).

Kansu: near Tao chow, F. N. Meyer, no. 2011, November 25, 1914.—
See also Meyer, 1. ec.

PITTOSPORACEAE

Pittosporum glabratum Lindley in Jour. Hort. Soc. London, 1. 230
(1846).—Diels in Bot. Jahrb. xxxv1. beibl. uxxx11. 52 (1905).—Rehder &
Wilson in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. m1. 326 (1916

SHENsI: “Thui kio tsuen,”’ G. Giraldi, September 25, 1897.—See also
Diels, |. c., and Rehder & Wilson, 1. ec.

Distrisution: also Kiangsi, Chekiang, Fokien, Kwangtung, Hupeh,
Kweichow, Szechuan, Yunnan.

HAMAMELIDACEAE

Liquidambar formosana Hance in Ann. Sci. Nat. sér. 5, v. 215 (1866).—
Bailey, Gent. Herb. 1. 27 (1920).

Honan: Chikung shan, L. H. Bailey, June 30, 1917.—See also Bailey,
Le

Nortuern Kianosu: Liu lin shan, near Hai chow, J. Hers, no. 608, Ma
5, 1921; Hai chow hills, Kang Fu Lai, Hers nos. 2263 and 2264, October
8, 1922.

DistRIBuTION: also Anwhei (Herb. Univ. — no. 1597), Chekiang,
Kiangsi, Kwangtung, Hupeh, Szechuan; Formos

Fortunearia sinensis Rehder & Wilson in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 428
(1913).—Bailey, Gent. Herb. 1. 27 (1920).
Honan: Chi kung shan, L. H. Bailey, June 30, 1917.—See also Bailey,

DistrisuTioN: also Anwhei (Herb. Univ. Nanking, no. 362), Hupeh.

EUCOMMIACEAE

Eucommia ulmoides Oliver in Hooker’s Icon. xx. t. 1950 (1890).—
Wilson in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 433 (1913).—Bailey, Gent. Herb. 1. 28

1924} REHDER, LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF NORTHERN CHINA, II 167

(1920).—Hers in Jour. N. China Branch R. As. Soc. tur. 110 (1922);
Liste Ess. Lign. Honan, 12 (1922).
Honan: Sung hsien, San kuan miao, alt. about 1000 m., J. Hers, no.
515, May 24, 1919.—See also Bailey, |. c., and Hers, 1. c.
Suensi: Ling yen tan, alt. 700 m., J. Hers, no. 2448, October 11, 1922.
Kawnsvu: Hui hsien, F. N. Meyer, no. 1743, September 29, 1914.
DistrRIBuTION: also Hupeh, Chekiang (F. N. Meyer, no. 1535).

ROSACEAE
Physocarpus amurensis Maximowicz in Act. Hort. Petrop. vi. 221
(1879).—Limpricht, Bot. Reis. Hochgeb. Chin. Ost-Tib. 403 (1922).
Cuiuti: Jehol, Wu ling shan (ex Limpricht, 1. c.).
DistRiBuTiIon: also Manchuria, Korea.

Neillia sinensis Oliver in Hooker’s Icon. xvi. t. 1540 (1886).—Pritzel
in Bot. Jahrb. xxrx. 382 (1900).—Rehder in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 436
(1913).

Suensi: In kia po, G. Giraldi, June 4, 1897; Tai pei shan, G. Giraldt,
July 20, 1897; W. Purdom, nos. 1, 467, 1910; Lung chow, Kuan shan,
alt. 2000 m., J. Hers, no. 2343, July 3, 1922; Lung chow, Li kia po, alt.
1800 m., J. Hers, no. 2370, July 4, 1922.—See also Pritzel, l. c., and Rehder,

Kansv: Valley of the river Tshiluco, G. N. Potanin (ex Rehder, I. c.).
DistriBuTION: also Hupeh, Szechuan, Hunan.

Stephanandra chinensis Hance in Jour. Bot. xx. 210 (1882).—Hemsley
in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxi. 228 (1887).—Bailey, Gent. Herb. 1. 31 (1920).

Suantuna: Maingay (ex Hemsley, |. c.).

Honan: Chi kung shan, L. H. Bailey, June 13, 1917.—See also Bailey, |. c.

DistRiBuTION: also Kiangsi, Hupeh.

Stephanandra incisa (Thunb.) Zabel in Garten-Zeit. iv. 510 (1885).—
Loesener in Bot. Centralbl. Beith. xxxvu. abt. 1. 131 (1919).
iret cl oe Siebold & Zuccarini in Abh. Akad. Muench. rt. 740,
. 4, fig. 43).—Gilg in Bot. Jahrb. xxxrv. beibl. Lxxv. 39 (1904).

pene a Kine and Cape Ya tau (ex Loesener, |. c., and Gilg, I. c.).
DistRIBUTION: also Korea, Japan.

Spiraea prunifolia Siebold & Zuccarini, Fl. Jap. 1. 131 (1835).—Pritzel
in Bot. Jahrb. xx1x. 382 (1900).

SHENsI: ? Lean san, G. Giraldi, no. 1136 (ex Pritzel, 1. c.).

DistRIBUTION: also Kiangsu, Chekiang, Kiangsi, Fokien; Korea; For-
mosa.

The citation is marked with a query by Priizel and it seems indeed
doubtful that this species should occur in Shensi, as it is so far known
only from Eastern China and from Korea and Formosa.

Spiraea hypericifolia Linnaeus, Spec. 1. 489 (1753).—-Maximowicz in

168 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM ivoL. v

Act. Hort. Petrop. v1. 177 (1879).—Rehder in Jour. Arnold Arb. 1. 258
(1920).
Spiraea hypericifolia var. hupehensis Rehder in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 438
(1918), quoad specimen e Shensi.

CuiLi: Si wan tze near Kalgan, Pére Artselaer (ex Maximowicz, 1. c.).

Suenst: Yenan fu, W. Purdom, no. 346, May, 1910.—See also Rehder,
l. ec. (1913 and 1920).

DistriBuTIoONn: also Mongolia and through Siberia to Turkestan, Cau-
casus and Russia.

Spiraea hypericifolia var. thalictroides Maximowicz in Act. Hort.
Petrop. vi. 179 (1879).

Curut: “in Mongolia versus fines Chinenses,’’ Kirilow (ex Maximowicz,
l. c.).

DistriBuTion: also Mongolia, Dahuria and Transbaicalia.

Spiraea mongolica Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. xxvir.
467 (1881); in Mél. Biol. x1. 216 (1881).—Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc.
xxi. 226 (1887).—Bretschneider, Hist. Eur. Bot. Discov. China, 975

Spiraea crenifolia ~. mongolica Maximowicz in Act. Hort. Petrop. vr. 181
(1879).

Kansu: N. Przewalski (ex Maximowicz, |. c., Hemsley, |. c., and Bret-
schneider, |. c.).

Spiraea gemmata Zabel, Strauch. Spir. 23 (1893).—Rehder in Sargent,
Pl. Wilson. 1. 441 (1918).

SHENSI: Tai pei shan, W. Purdom, no. 2, 1910.

Kansu: Min chow, alt. 2800 m., W. Purdom, no. 1017, 1910.

DistTRIBUTION: also Szechuan.

Spiraea alpina Pallas, FI. Ross. 1. 35, t. 20 (1784).—Kanitz in Szechenyi,
Keletazs. Utj4n. Tudom. Ered. 11. 808 (Pl. Enum. 20) (1891); in Szechenyi,
Wiss. Ergeb. Reise Ostas. 1. 696 (1898).—Pritzel in Bot. Jahrb. xxrx.
382 (1900).—Rehder in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 440 (1913).

SHENSI: Tai pei shan, W. Purdom, no. 5,.1910.—See also Pritzel, Ll. c.,
and Rehder, I. c.

Kansvu: Min chow districts, alt. 3000 m., W. Purdom, no. 1015, 1911.—
See also Kanitz, |. c., and Rehder, I. c.

DistriBuTION: also Szechuan; Mongolia, Dahuria, Songaria, Altai Mts.

Spiraea prostrata Maximowicz in Act. Hort. Petrop. vi. 184 (1879).—
Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxii. 226 (1887).—Bretschneider, Hist. Eur.
Bot. Discov. China, 996 (1898).—Pritzel in Bot. Jahrb. xxrx. 382 (1900).

SuHenst: along the river Han, P. J. Piasezki (ex Maximowicz, 1. c.,
Hemsley, |. c., Bretschneider, |. ¢., and Pritzel, 1. c.).

Kansu: “Kansu australis,” P. J. Piasezki (ex Maximowicz, |. c.,
Hemsley, |. c., Bretschneider, |. c., and Pritzel, 1. ¢.).

DistTRIBUTION: also Hupeh.

1924] REHDER, LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF NORTHERN CHINA, II 169

Spiraea media Schmidt var. sericea Maximowicz in Act. Hort. Petrop.
vi. 189 (1879).—Hers in Jour. N. China Branch R. As. Soc. tur. 116
(1922); Liste Ess. Lign. Honan, 30 (1922).

Cuini: Si wan tze near Kalgan, Pére Artselaer (ex Maximowicz, 1. c.).

SHansti: Shara khada mountain, N. Przewalski (ex Maximowicz, I. c.).

Honan: Teng Feng hsien, Yu tai shan, alt. 1000 m., J. Hers, no. Q17"'8,
April 23, 1919 and no. 324, April 20, 1920; Yung ning, Tsi li ping, alt.
1000 m., J. Hers, no. 1327, September 30, 1919; Lushih, Hiung eul shan,
alt. 1400 m., J. Hers, no. 884, October 10, 1919.—See also Hers, 1. c.

DistrisuTion: also Manchuria, Korea, Saghalin, Mongolia, Dahuria.

Spiraea dasyantha Bunge in Mém. Div. Sav. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb.
m1. 97 (Enum. PI. Chin. Bor. 23) (1833).—Walpers, Rep. 11. 49 (1843).—
Turczaninov in Bull. Soc. Nat. Moscou, x. no. vu. 151 (1837).—Maxi-
mowicz in Mém. Div. Sav. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. rx. 471 (Ind. Fl. Pekin.)
(1859); in Act. Hort. Petrop. vi. 194 (1879).—Franchet in Nouv. Arch.
Mus. Paris, sér. 2, v. 259 (Pl. David. 1. 107) (1883).—Hemsley in Jour.
Linn. Soc. xxi. 224 (1887).—Bretschneider, Hist. Eur. Bot. Discov.
China, 332, 1053 (1898).

Cu: “China bor.’’ ex herb. Bunge; near Peking, Ff. N. Meyer, no.
390, May, 1907; western hills near Peking, J. Hers, no. 2516, June 1, 1923;
Po hua shan, J. Hers, no. 1393, May 1, 1921; Nankow, F. N. Meyer, no.
1025, July 27, 1913 (Herb. U. S. Dept. Agric.); Nankow pass, J. Hers,
no. 1605, August 15, 1921; hills near Great Wall, on Peking-Kalgan road,
J. G. Jack, October 5, 1905; Miao feng shan, alt. 1000 m., J. Hers, nos.
2533, 2543, June 17 and 18, 1923; Tsing shiu tsien, J. Hers, no. 1638,
September 6, 1921; Tung ling, B. E. Read, no. 77 (Herb. N. H. Cowdry,
no. 2009), about 1920.—See also Bunge, |. c., Walpers, |. c., Turczaninov,
l. c., Maximowicz, |. c., Franchet, |. c., and Hemsley, |. ¢

Spiraea pubescens Turczaninov in Bull. Soc. Nat. Moscou, v. 190
(1832).—Maximowicz in Mém. Div. Sav. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. rx. 471
(Ind. Fl. Pekin.) (1859); in Act. Hort. Petrop. vr. 193 (Adnot. Spir.)
(1879).—Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. xx. 227 (1887).—Bretschneider,
Hist. Eur. Bot. Discov. China, 344, 1053 (1898).—Pritzel in Bot. Jahrb.
XxIx. 382 (1900).—Hers in Jour. N. China Branch R. As. Soc. Lu. 116
(1922); Liste Ess. Lign. Honan, 30 (1922).

Cui: Weichang, W. Purdom, no. 17, May 24, 1909, no. 1140, 1909;
Tung ling mountains, N. H. Cowdry, no. 1336, May 18, 1921; near Kalgan,
mountain ravines, N. H. Cowdry, no. 1362, June 2, 1921; Po hua shan,
J. Hers, no. 1439, 1452, July 1, 1921; same locality, alt. 1000-2000 m.,
J. Hers, no. 2236, October 12, 1922; Hsiao Wu tai shan, alt. 2000 m.,
F. N. Meyer, no. 1141, August 8, 1913, J. Hers, no. 1505, July 14, 1921;
Hsiao Wu tai shan, Thieh ling sze, alt. 1300 m., J. Hers, nos. 2126, 2141,
October 7, 1922; Huai lai hsien, Yang kia ping, alt. 900 m., J. Hers, no.
2084, October 4, 1922; without precise locality, Pére Chanet, no. 73, 1919.—

170 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

See also Turczaninovy, |. c., Maximowicz, |. c., Hemsley, |. c., and Bret-
schneider, |. c

Honan: Teng feng hsien, Yu tai shan, alt. 1000 m., J. Hers, no. 217,
April 23, 1919, no. 315, April 20, 1920; Hwei hsien, Ta fu tze, J. Hers,
nos. 749, 779, June 16, 1919; Yung ning, Chuan pao shan, alt. 1500 m.,
J. Hers, no. 117, October 17, 1919; Tsi yuan hsien, Tien tan shan, J.
Hers, no. 1764, September 21, 1921; Chung chow, J. Hers, no. 2500, May 1,
1922; Chung chow, introduced from the hills, J. Hers, no. 2494, April 25,
1923.—See also Hers, 1. c.

SHANSI: Wu chai hsien, Ta nan kow, alt. 2000-3000 m., Tchuang
Kieh, Hers no. 2003, September 7, 1922; Nan yang shan, alt. up to 2500
m., J. Hers, no. 2718, September 22-30, 1923; Shara khada mountains,
N. Przewalski (ex Maximowicz, |. c. [1879]).

SHENsI: south of Yenan fu, W. Purdom, no. 358, May, 1910; King lung
shan, alt. 900 m., J. Hers, no. 2438, October 9, 1922.—See also Pritzel, |. c.

DistRiBuTION: also Korea.

Purdom’s no. 17 from Weichang is very similar to S. media var.
sericea in its leaves which on the flowering branchlets are elliptic oblong and
only dentate at the apex but it shows the umbellate flowers, the upright
calyx-teeth and rather shorter stamens of S. pubescens. Hers’ nos.
749 and 779 from Hwei hsien, Honan, resemble in their firmer reticulate
leaves S. hirsuta Bl., but the inflorescence is glabrous and the leaves are
rather small.

Spiraea cantoniensis Loureiro, Fl. Cochinch. 322 (1790).—Hers in
Jour. N. China Branch R. As. Soc. Lit. 116 (1922); Liste Ess. Lign.
Honan, 29 (1922).

NortTHERN Kianasu: Sukow, on the seashore, Liu lin shan, near Hai
chow, J. Hers, no. 621, May 5, 1921.

Honan: Yu tai shan, J. Hers, nos. 314, 327, April 20 and May 10, 1920;
Sung shan, J. Hers, no. 337, April 24, 1921; Cheng chow, J. Hers, nos.
2496, 2501, May 1, 1923.

DisrriBuTION: also Chekiang, Fokien, Kwangtung; Japan.

Spiraea hirsuta Schneider in Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, v. 342 (1905).—
Rehder in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 444 (1913).

SHEnS!I: Tai pei shan, W. Purdom, no. 4, 1910.—See also Rehder, |. c.

DistRIBUTION: also Hupeh.

Purdom’s specimen resembles S. pubescens Turcz. in the shape and
pubescence of its leaves, but the inflorescence is pilose.

Spiraea Blumei G. Don, Gen. Syst. 11. 518 (1832).—Hemsley in Jour.
Linn. Soc. xxi. 223 (1887).—Pritzel in Bot. Jahrb. xxrx. 383 (1900).—
Rehder in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 446 (1913).

Honan: Sung hsien, San kuan miao, J. Hers, no. 122, October 2, 1919;
Sung hsien, Shih tze miao, alt. 1200 m., J. Hers, no. 1253, September 25,
1919; Tsi yuan hsien, alt. 500 m., J. Hers, no. 2654, August 22, 1923;

1924] REHDER, LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF NORTHERN CHINA, II 171

Tsi yuan hsien, Tien tan shan, J. Hers, no. 1709, September 20, 1921;
without precise locality, J. Hers, no. 16, 1918.

SHEnsI: “Mte. Kin qua san,” G. Giraldi, July 10, 1897; Tai pei shan,
W. Purdom, no. 6, 1910 and no. 423, July 2, 1910.—See also Pritzel, |. c.,
and Rehder, |. c.

DistrisuTion: also Kiangsu, Kiangsi, Hupeh, eastern Szechuan;

Japan.
This is apparently a very variable species and some specimens closely
approach S. triloba L., particularly Purdom’s nos. 6 and 423 from Shensi
which resemble that species in their much smaller, thinner and glabrous
leaves but the leaves are cuneate-obovate and scarcely 3-lobed.

Spiraea trilobata Linnaeus, Mant. Alt. 244 (1771).—Bunge in Mém
Div. Sav. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. 1. 97 (Enum. PI. Chin. Bor. 23) (1833).—
Turczaninov in Bull. Soc. Nat. Moscou, x. no. vit. 151 (1837).—Maxi-
mowicz in Mém. Div. Sav. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. rx. 471 (Ind. Fl. Pekin.)
(1859); in Act. Hort. Petrop. vi. 197 (Adnot. Spir.) (1879).—Franchet
in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, sér. 2, v. 259 (Pl. David. 1. 107) (1883);
in Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Cherbourg, xxiv. 214 (Fl. Tché-fofi) (1884).—
Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxi. 228 (1887).—Bretschneider, Hist.
Eur. Bot. Discov. China, 53 (1898).—Pritzel in Bot. Jahrb. xxrx. 283
(1900).—Loesener in Bot. Centralbl. Beih. xxxvu. abt. 1. 131 (1919).—
Bailey, Gent. Herb. 1. 31 (1920).—Limpricht, Bot. Reis. Hochgeb. Chin.
Ost.-Tib. 404 (1922).—Hers in Jour. N. China Branch R. As. Soc. im.
116 (1922); Liste Ess. Lign. Honan, 30 (1922).—Cowdry in Jour. N.
China Branch R. As. Soc. tim. 164 (PI. Peitaiho) (192

S

2).
piraea ee Gilg in Bot. Jahrb. xxxiv. beibl. Lxxv. 39 (1904).—Non
Turezaninov.

CHILI: ig W. Purdom, no. 1141, 1910; Peking, western hills, J.
Hers, nos. 1397, 1581, 16138, May 15, and August 7 and 21, 1921; San tun
ying, on dry rocky slopes, F. N. Meyer, no. 962, May 29, 1913; Tsing
shui tsien, J. Hers, no. 1629, September 6, 1921; Miao feng shan, alt.
1000 m., J. Hers, nos. 2534, 2544, June 12 and 18, 1923; ‘Chin. bor.,”’ ex
Herb. Bunge (Gray Herb.).—See also Bunge, |. c., Turezaninov, 1. c.,
Maximowicz, |. c., Franchet, |. c., Hemsley, |. ¢., Bretschneider, 1. c.,
Limpricht, |. c., and Cowdry, l. ec.

SHANTuNG: Lau shan, alt. 300 m., R. Zimmermann, no. 393, 1901;
Po shan, F. N. Meyer, no. 264, September, 1907.—See also Loesener, I. c.,
and Gilg, 1. c.

Honan: Lushih, Tang ho, alt. 1000 m., J. Hers, no. 951, October 11,
1919; Kio shan, L. H. Bailey, June 23, 1917.—See also Bailey, |. c., and
Hers, |. c.

SHANSI: Sheng shih ling, alt. 1500 to 2500 m., Tchuang Kieh, Hers no.
2057, tg 9, 1922; Wu tai shan, alt. 1300 m., J. Hers, no. 2611,
July 29,

ais several localities, G. Giraldi (ex Pritzel, |. c.).

DistrisuTion: also Dahuria, Siberia, Turkestan.

172 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

Spiraea Wilsonii Duthie in Hort. Veitch, 379 (1906).—Bean in Bot.
Mag. cxxxvu. t. 8399 (1911).

Spiraea canescens ig vac in Bot. Jahrb. xxix. 383 (1900), quoad plantam e
ensi.—

SuEns!: In kia po, and Lao y san, G. Giraldi, June 4, 1897; Po uo li, G.
Graldi, July 25-30, 1897; Lao y san (Zulu), G. Giraldi, September 6,
1897; Tai pei shan, alt. 2300 m., W. Purdom, nos. 425, 426, July 1, 1910,
nos. 8, 10, 1910.—See also Pritzel, |. c.

DistrisuTion: also Hupeh.

Spiraea longigemmis Maximowicz in Act. Hort. Petrop. v1. 205 (Adnot.
Spir.) (1879).—Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxm1. 226 (1887).—Bret-
schneider, Hist. Eur. Bot. Discov. China, 975 (1898).

Kansv: Min chow, W. Purdom, no. 1016, 1910.—See also Maximowicz,
l. c., Hemsley, |. c., and Bretschneider, 1. c.

Spiraea Fritschiana Schneider in Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, v. 347
(1905); Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. 1. 477 (1905).—Rehder in Sargent, Pl.
Wilson. 1. 453 (1913).

Spiraea oe Debeaux in Act. Soe. Linn. Bordeaux, -Xxxi. 148 A a
fot, 53) (1877).—Franchet in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, sér. 2, v. 260 (Pl
David. 1. 108) (1883) ;in Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Giese XXIV. B14 (1884).—
Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxii. 223 (1887).—Faber, Denkschr. Ent-
wickel. Kiautschou, 32. (1898). +—Non Pallas

a ae emsley i in Jour. se Soe. xx1it. 225 alt Bae plantam

g.—Palibin in Act. Hort. Petrop. xrv. 116 (1895).—Pritzel in
ot. Jahr xxix. 383 (1900). kas aN Bot. Ergeb. Reis. Chin. Ost-
Tib. 404 (1922).—Non Thunberg.
Spiraea japonica var. ey! wa Gilg in Bot. Jahrb. xxxiy. beibl. txxv. 39
(1904).— oesener in Bot. Centralbl. Beith. xxxvur. abt. m1. 131 (1919).—
‘ =}
Spiraea angulata Schneider in 1 Bull Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, v. 347 (1905); Ill.
andb. Laubholzk. 1. 477 (1905).

Spiraea Fritschiana var. angulata Rehder in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 453 (1913).

Cuiui: near San tun ying, F’. N. Meyer, no. 992 (13), June 2, 1913; Jehol,
A. David (ex Franchet, |. c. [1883]), Ku pei ku, H. Wawra (ex Schneider,
]. c.).—See also Hemsley, 1. ¢., and Palibin, 1. ec.

SHANTUNG: Lau shan, R. Zimmermann, nos. 344, 382, 1901; Chifu,
N. H. Cowdry, no. 584, July, 1920; Tai shan, J. Hers, no. 1927, June 18,
1922.—See also Schneider, |. c., Rehder, |. c., Debeaux, |. ¢., Franchet,
l. c. (1884), Hemsley, 1. ¢., Faber, 1]. c., Gilg, 1. ¢., and Loesener, |. ec.

Honan: Yung ning, Tsi li ping, alt. 1000 m., J. Hers, no. 1379, September
30, 1919 (sterile).

SHENSI: Kan y san, west of Lao y san, G. Giraldi, June 11-12, 1897;
Lao y san, G. Giraldi, June 4, 1897; Kin ten san, G. Giraldi, July 14, 1897;
Ta sce tsuen, G. Giraldi, September 18, 1897; Tai pei shan, W. Purdom,
nos. 1, 3, 1910.—See also Pritzel, 1. ¢., and Limpricht, |. c.

DistrisuTIon: also Hupeh; Manchuria, Korea.

Neither S. betulifolia Pall. nor S. japonica Thunb. seem to occur in
northern China; all the specimens I have seen from the northern provinces

1924] REHDER, LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF NORTHERN CHINA, II 173

where these two species have been reported from turned out to be S.
Fritschiana. As the difference between the two recognized forms of this
species, the type with the leaves sparingly pubescent beneath and the var.
angulata with the leaves quite glabrous, is very slight, I have not kept
these forms separate here. The glabrous form seems to be the more
common; to the pubescent type belong the following specimens: Zimmer-
mann’s no. 382 and Cowdry’s no. 584 from Shantung, Hers’ no. 1379
from Honan and Giraldi’s specimens from Kan y san and Kin ten san,
while the others belong to var. angulata Rehd.

Sibiraea laevigata Maxim. var. angustata Rehder in Sargent, PI:
Wilson. 1. 455 (1913).

Kansvu: Min chow, Tow River and Choni districts, alt. 3300 m., W.
Purdom, no. 791, 1910.—See also Rehder, 1. c

DistrIBuTION (of variety): also W. Szechuan, Yunnan (C. Schneider,
no. 2205); (distribution of the type): southern Siberia, Altai and Tien
shan, and one variety in southeastern Europe.

Sorbaria Kirilowii Maximowicz in Act. Hort. Petrop. v1. 225 (Adnot.
Spir.) (1879).—Kanitz in Szechenyi, Keletazs. Utj4n. Tudom. Ered. 1.
808 (Pl. Enum. 20) (1891); in Szechenyi, Wiss. Ergeb. Reise Ostas. 1.
696 (1898).—Schneider, I]. Handb. Laubholzk. 1. 486, fig. 297 p—q, 299 d
(1905).

Spiraea Be a Bunge in Mém. Div. Sav. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. 1. sa
(Enu 1. Chin. Bor. 23) (1833 ).—Turezaninov in ull. Soc
cou, no. vil. 151 (1837) ae in Jour. Linn. ae po. 401 997 (1887). =
Bretschneider, Hist. Eur. Bot. Discov. China, 332 (1898).—Non Linnaeus.

Spiraea Kirilowti ee & Ting in one: Mém. Soc. Nat. Moscou Pe 81
(Fl. Ajan.) (1858).—Franchet in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, sér. 2, 260
(Pl. ce 1. 108) (£883). sen Ya et om Hist. Eur. Bot. Discov. China,
348 (1898).

Sorbaria sorbifolia var. Kirilowi Ito in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xiv. 116 (1900).

Sorbaria sorbifolia Limpricht, Bot. Reis. Hochgeb. Chin. Ost-Tib. 404 (1922),

plantam e Chili.—Hers in Jour. N. as Lae ch R. As. Soe. tir. 116

(1922); Liste Ess. Lign. Honan, 29 (1922).—

Cui: Peking, Yuen ming hue H. eae no. “811; Peking, western
hills, J. Hers, no. 1619, September 5, 1921; Hsiao Wu tai shan, J. Hers,
nos. 1470, 1526, 1552, July 14, 1921.—See also Maximowicz, I. c., Schneider,
1. c., Bunge, 1. c., Turczaninov, |. c., Hemsley, |. c., Limpricht, 1. c., Regel
& Tiling, |. c., and Franchet, I. ce.

SHANTUNG: cultivated (ex Ito, 1. c.).

Honan: Lushih, Hiung eul shan, alt. 1300 m., J. Hers, no. 857, October
9, 1919.—See also Hers, |. c.

Suanst: Tun lan shui valley, alt. 1000 m., J. Hers, no. 2697, September
19, 1923.

Suensi: (ex Limpricht, 1. c.).

Kansu: Ala shan, cultivated (ex Maximowicz, I. c.); “in ditione Tonkerr”’
(ex Kanitz, 1. c.).

DistRiBuTION: Mongolia.

174 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

Sorbaria arborea Schneid. var. glabrata Rehder in Sargent, Pl. Wilson.
1. 48 (1913).

— sorbifolia Pritzel in Bot. Jahrb. xxrx. 384 (1900).—Non Linnaeus.
So sls arborea Hers in Jour. N. China Branch R. As. Soe. tu. 116 (1922);
Lis oie. Lign. Honan, 26 (1922).—Non forma typica Schneideri.

aces Yung ning, Chuan pao shan, alt. 1500 m., J. Hers, no. 118,
October 17, 1919; Sung hsien, San kuan miao, alt. 1000 m., J. Hers, no.
1323, September 27, 1919.—See also Hers, |. c.

SHENs!I: Kan y san, June 11, 1897, Kan y quo (Huo kia zaez), July 8,
1897, Po uo li, July 29, 1897, Lao y san (Zu lu) September 6, 1897, Kin
san, 1897, G. Giraldi; Tai pei shan, W. Purdom, no. 1039, 1910.—See
also Pritzel, 1. ¢.

Kansvu: Min chow, W. Purdom, no. 1018, 1910.

DistriBuTion (of the variety): Hupeh, Szechuan, Yunnan; the typical
form is common in Hupeh and Szechuan.

Purdom’s no. 1018 from Kansu differs in its leaves which have only
4 to 5 pairs of smaller less long-acuminate leaflets with inconspicuously
serrulate teeth and with fewer more distant veins very slightly bearded
in the axils. In Kansu apparently S. arborea as well as S. Kirilowii occur,
the former south of the Tsing ling shan range, the latter north of it, and I
assume that the specimen collected by the Szechenyi Expedition which
traversed northern Kansu belongs to S. Kirilowii as determined by Kanitz.
These two species are not always easily distinguished without fruit; the
inflorescence of S. Kirilowii though upright as in S. sorbifolia is broader
and looser and approaches in this respect that of S. arborea, and the length
of the stamens, about as long as the petals in S. Kirilowii and usually
much longer in S. arborea, seems variable in the latter species. Sorbaria
sorbifolia L. has not been found in northern China; it is a more northern
species ranging from western Siberia to Kamtschatka and Saghalin.

Exochorda racemosa Rehder in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 456 (1913).—
Bailey, Gent. Herb. 1. 28 (1920).

Honan: Chi kung shan (ex Bailey, 1. c.).

DistriBuTion: also Kiangsu, Chekiang.

Exochorda Giraldii Hesse in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. xv. 191, 219
ei xvin. 295, fig. (1909); in Fedde, Rep. Spec. Nov. vin. 347
(191

a Bagley Pritzel in Bot. Jahrb. xxrx. 384 (1900); xxxvi. beibl.
LXxxI. 52 (1905)—Non Lindley

Exochorda ed var. Giraldit Rehder i in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 457 (1913).

? Exochorda racemosa var. Wilsonii Farrer in Jour. Roy. Hort. Soc. xu. 7
(1916).—Vix Rehder

SHEns!: Kin qua san, G. Giraldi, July 10, 1897; Lao y san, G. Giraldi,
1897; Tai pei shan, W. Purdom, no. 1, 1910; Moutan shan, northwest
of Han chang hsien, W. Purdom, no. 361, 1910; ? Hu kia scien, Hugh
Scallan, 1897.—See also Rehder, |. c.

? Kansv: near Siku (ex Farrer, I. c.).

1924] REHDER, LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF NORTHERN CHINA, II 175

Cotoneaster horizontalis Decaisne in Fl. des Serres, xx11. 168 (1877).—
Rehder & Wilson in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 154 (1912

Kansvu: near Liang tang, on rocky grassy slopes, F. N. Meyer, no. 1675,
September 29, 1914 (Herb. U. S. Dept. Agric.).

DistrisuTion: also Szechuan and Hupeh.

Cotoneaster horizontalis Dene. var. perpusilla Schneider, Ill. Handb.
Laubholzk. 1. 745, fig. 419e? (1906).—Rehder & Wilson in Sargent, PI.
Wilson. 1. 155 (1918).

gees a as Pritzel in Bot. Jahrb. xxrx. 386 (1900), pro parte.—

SHENsI: Nulsei jen z, G. Giraldi, 1897.—See also Pritzel, 1. c.
DistrRiBuTION: also Hupeh, Szechuan.

Cotoneaster adpressa Bois in Vilmorin & Bois, Frut. Vilmorin. 116,
fig. (1904).—Rehder & Wilson in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 155 (1913).

Kansu: Min chow, W. Purdom, alt. 2800 m., no. 1033, 1910; Tao chow
district, alt. 3000 m., W. Purdom, no. 1133, 1910.

DistRiBuTION: also Szechuan and Kukunor region.

Cotoneaster Zabelii Schneider, Il]. Handb. Laubholzk. 1. 748, fig. 420-
f-h (1906).—Rehder & Wilson in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 166 (1913).—Hers
in Jour. N. China Branch R. As. Soc. Lin. 109 (1922); Liste Ess. Lign.
Honan, 9 (1922).

Cotoneaster vulgaris Pritzel in Bot. Jahrb. xxrx. og (1900).—Non as
Cotoneaster racemiflora var. Veitchii Hers in Jou China Branch
Soc. ti. 109 (1922); Liste Ess. Lign. Honan, 9 (oe), —Non Rehder &

ilson.

Honan: Lushih, Hiung eul shan, alt. 1400 m., J. Hers, nos. 883, 911,
915, October 10, 1919; Lushih, Kiao ho, alt. 1000 m., J. Hers, no. 969,
October 13, 1919; Lushih, Lao kiun shan, alt. 2000 m., J. Hers, no. 1194,
September 21, 1919; Sung hsien, Shih tze miao, alt. 1200 m., J. Hers, no.
1279, September 25, 1919; Yung ning, Tsi li ping, alt. 1000 m., J. Hers,
no. 1328, September 30, 1919; Yung ning, Yo tze ping, alt. 1000 m., J.
Hers, no. 830, October 4, 1919; Yu tai shan, J. Hers, no. 328, May, 1920;
Hwei hsien, Shansi border, J. Hers, nos. 710, 758, June 19, 1919; Sung
shan, J. Hers, no. 339, May 1, 1921.—See also Hers, 1. c.

SHENSI: Kin qua san, G. Giraldi, July 10, 1897; Kan y san, G. Giraldi,
1897; Tai pei shan, W. Purdom, no. 1001, 1910; northwest of Han chung
hsien, W. Purdom, no. 360, May 30, 1910.—See also Diels, 1. c.

Hers no. 710 from Hwei hsien differs from the other specimens in
its small broadly oval to suborbicular leaves measuring not more than
1 cm. in length except a few on a vigorous shoot which are up to 1.5 cm.
long.

Cotoneaster foveolata Rehder & Wilson in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 162
(1913).

SHENSI: Lung chow, Li kia po, alt. 1400 m., J. Hers, no. 2382, July 4,
1922 (flowering specimen).

176 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

DistRiBuTION: also Hupeh.
Without fruit the identification of the specimen cannot be considered
final, but it agrees in its characters well with specimens from Hupeh.

Cotoneaster acutifolia Turczaninow in Bull. Soc. Nat. Moscou, v. 190
(1832).—Maximowicz in Mém. Div. Sav. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. rx. 471
(Ind. Fl. Pekin.) (1859)—Rehder & Wilson in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1.
158 (1913).—Hers in Jour. N. China Branch R. As. Soc. tim. 109 (1922);
Liste Ess. Lign. Honan, 9 (1922).

Cotoneaster acutifolia var. pekinensis Koehne, Deutsche Magna 158 (1893).
Cotoneaster maupinensis ¥. N. Meyer in U.S. Dept. Agric. . Pl. Indust.
nvent. Seeds Pl. Imp. xxxvu. ee no. 36739 (1916). a Franchet.
Cotoneaster sp. F. N. Meyer, |. c. XLimt. 7 no. 40730 (1918).
a acutifolia var. villosula Hers | in . China Branch R. As.
Lu. 109 (1922); Liste Ess. Lign. Honan, 9 (1922). —Non Rehder & Wilson
ea hua shan, J. Hers, no. 1454, July 1, 1921; Hsiao Wu tai shan,
alt. 1600-2000 m., F. N. Meyer, no. 1263, August 21, 1913; J. Hers, nos.
1516, 1525, July 14, 1921; Hsiao Wu tai shan, Tieh ling sze, alt. 1300 m.,
J. Hers, nos. 2119, 2145, October 7, 1922; without precise locality, Pére
Chanet, no. 85, 1919.—See also Turczaninov, |. ¢., Maximowicz, l. c., and
Meyer, |. c. (1916).

Honan: Lushih, Hiung eul shan, alt. 1400 m., J. Hers, nos. 905, 923,
October 10, 1919; Lushih, Lao kiun shan, alt. 2000 m., J. Hers, no. 1173,
September 21, 1919; Sung hsien, Shih tze miao, alt. 1200 m., J. Hers, no.
1293, September 25, 1919; Tsi yuan hsien, Tien tan shan, J. Hers, nos.
1887, 1888, September 21, 1921.—See also Hers, |. ¢

SuHansi: Wu chai hsien, Ta nan kow, alt. 2000-3000 m., Tchuang Kieh,
Hers no. 2007, September 7, 1922; Wu tai shan, alt. 1600 m., J. Hers,
no. 2616, July 29, 1923; Nan yang shan, alt. 1500-2500 m., J. Hers, no.
2713, September 22-30, 1923.

Kansu: Fu arr yei, F. N. Meyer, no. 1978, October 7, 1914 (Herb. U.S.
Dept. Agric.); near Kagoba, F. N. Meyer, no. 2255*, November 1, 1914
(seeds only; plants under S. P. I. no. 40730 growing at Bell, Maryland;
in Herb. U. S. Dept. Agric.).—See also Meyer, |. c. (1918).

Cotoneaster acutifolia var. villosula Rehder & Wilson in Sargent,
Pl. Wilson. 1. 158 (1913).

Suenst: “Lao y san presso Zu lu,”’ G. Giraldi, June 4, 1897, Kia tan
san, G. Giraldi, July 14, 1897; Tai pei shan, W. Purdom, no. 1115, 1910;
northwest of Han chung hsien, W. Purdom, no. 367, 1910.

DistRIBUTION: also Hupeh and Szechuan.

Cotoneaster melanocarpa Loddiges, Bot. Cab. xvi. t. 1531 (1829).
— sp. F. N. Meyer in U. 8. Dept. Agric. Bur. ‘PL. Indust. Invent.
l. Imp. xxxvil. "59, no. 36740 (1916).
CHILI: Hsiao Wu tai shan, alt. above 2600 m., F. N. Meyer, no. 1344,
August 23, 1913.—See also Meyer, I. c.
DistRIBUTION: also northern and eastern Europe to the Caucasus, and
Turkestan and through Siberia to Manchuria.

1924] REHDER, LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF NORTHERN CHINA, II 177

Cotoneaster gracilis Rehder & Wilson in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 167
1913
a nummularius Tie in Bot. Jahrb. xxxvi. beibl. txxxu. 52

(1905).—Vix Fischer & Mey

SHENSI: Tai pei shan, W. Pats no. 1002, 1910.—See also Rehder
& Wilson, |. c., and Pritzel, 1. c.

Kansu: Yan pu ko, F. N. Meyer, no. 1965, October 6, 1914 (Herb. U.
S. Dept. Agric.).

DistrisuTIoON: also Hupeh and Szechuan.

Cotoneaster racemiflora K. Koch var. soongarica Schneider, Handb.
Laubholzk 1. 754, fig. 4241 (1906).

Honan: Cheng chow, cultivated, introduced from the hills, J. Hers,
nos. 2498, 2581, May 1 and August 2, 1923; Teng feng hsien, Yu tai shan,
alt. 600 m., J. Hers, nos. 205, 206, April 23, 1919.

SHANSI: mountains near Tsin ke, F. N. Meyer, no. 404, May, 1907; Lin
hsien, Nan yang a alt. 2000-3000 m., Tchuang Kieh, Hers no. 2069,
September 11, 1

DiIsTRIBUTION: e Szechuan and Yunnan; Turkestan to Songaria.

The identification of the specimens cited above is open to doubt; the
pubescence of the leaves and of the inflorescence is rather slight and the
leaves are more or less acute or acutish but less so,in no. 2069. The
specimens from Cheng chow are in flower and in fruit and no. 2069 from
Shansi is in fruit but the other specimens are very young with small
flower buds.

Cotoneaster racemiflora var. microcarpa Rehder & Wilson in Sargent,
Pl. Wilson. 1. 169 (1913).

Kansu: Tsing chow, alt. 1400 m., J. Hers, no. 2406, July 21, 1922.

DistrRiBuTION: also Szechuan.

The Kansu plant agrees exactly with the type specimen except that
the leaves are somewhat larger, up to 2 cm. on the fruiting branchlets
and up to 3 cm. on the shoot.

Cotoneaster multiflora Bunge in Ledebour, FI. Alt. m. 220 (1830).—
Rehder & Wilson in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 170 (1913).—Hers in Jour.
N. China Branch R. As. Soc. Lu. 109 (1922); Liste Ess. Lign. Honan,
9 (1922).

ae Ba sang Carriére in Rev. Hort. 1870-71, 520.—Bretschneider,
ist. Discov. China, 830 Aha ).
Pron sp. . N. Meyer in U.S. Dept. nen Bur. Pl. Indust. Invent.
Seeds Pl. Imp. xxxvir. 59, no. 36738 (191

Cui: east of Weichang, W. Purdom, no. "1008, 1909; Hsiao Wu tai
shan, alt. 1700 m., F. N. Meyer, no. 1259, August 21, 1913; J. Hers,
nos. 1522, 1529, July 14, 1921; Huai lai hsien, Liu shu chwang, alt. 800
m., J. Hers, no. 2081, October 3, 1922.—See also Rehder & Wilson, l. c.,
and Meyer, I. c.

Honan: Teng feng hsien, Yu tai shan, alt. 800 m., J. Hers, nos. 298,

178 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

June 7, 1919 and no. 2787, September 27, 1923; Lushih, Hiung eul shan,
alt. 1400 m., J. Hers, no. 885, October 10, 1919; Yung ning, Tsi li ping,
about 1100 m., J. Hers, nos. 401, 1858, May 22, and September 30, 1919.—
See also Hers, |. c.

Suansti: Wu chai hsien, Ta nan kow, alt. 2000-3000 m., Tchuang Kieh,
Hers no. 2005, September 7, 1922; Sheng shih ling, alt. 1500-2500 m.,
Tchuang Kieh, Hers no. 2061, September 9, 1922; Nan yang shan, alt.
1000-2200 m., J. Hers, no. 2719, September 22-30, 1923; Wen ju ho
valley, alt. 1200 m., J. Hers, no. 2815, October 2, 1923.

Suensi: Yenan fu, W. Purdom, nos. 1004, 1005, 1006, 1910; northwest
of Han cheng hsien, W. Purdom, no. 1007, 1910; near Tchan hen li, alt.
1300 m., F. N. Meyer, no. 1924, September 17, 1914 (Herb. U. S. Dept.
Agric.); Lung chow, Li kia po, alt. 1400 m., J. Hers, nos. 2373, 2387,
July 4, 1922

Cotoneaster multiflora var. calocarpa Rehder & Wilson in Sargent,
Pl. Wilson. 1. 170 (1913)

Kansu: Min chow, W. Purdom, no. 1032, 1910; Hung pi hsien, J. Hers,
no. 2419, August 2, 1922.

DistRriIBUTION: also Szechuan.

This variety differs from the type only in its larger narrower leaves
more attenuate at the apex and some specimens enumerated under the
type approach this variety rather closely as Hers’ no. 2081 from Chili
and nos. 2373 and 2378 from western Shensi.

Cotoneaster Dammeri var. radicans Schneider, Il]. Handb. Laub-
holzk. 1. 760, fig. 428a-b (1906).—Rehder & Wilson in Sargent, PI.
Wilson. 1. 176 (1912).—Farrer in Jour. Roy. Hort. Soc. xii. 67 (1916).

Kansu: near Siku (ex Farrer, 1. ¢.).

DistRiIBUTION: also Szechuan.

Pyracantha crenulata Roem. var. kansuensis Rehder in Jour. Arnold
Arb. rv. 114 (1923).
a sik egg F. N. Meyer in U. S. Dept. Agric. Bur. se Naas
I . See 1. Imp. xu. 73, no. 40736 (1918).—Non Roem
ace near Fin pu ko, F. N. Meyer, no. 1784, October 6. 1914.—
See also Rehder, |. c., and Meyer, I. c.

Pyracantha Gibbsii A. B. Jackson in Gard. Chron. ser. 3, Lx. 309, fig.
1335, and 134 (1916).
? Cotoneaster Pyracantha Pritzel in Bot. Jahrb. xxrx. 386 (1900).—Non Spach.
? Cotoneaster crenulata Farrer in Jour. Roy. Hort. Soc. xii. 68 (1916).—Non
Ox
? SHENSI: (ex Pritzel, 1. c.).
Kansu: near Hui — F. N. Meyer, no. 1742, September 26, 1914.—
See also Farrer, |.
DIsTRIBUTION: aa Hupeh, Szechuan, Yunnan, Huna
I have seen no specimens from Shensi, but I have little doubt that

1924] REHDER, LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF NORTHERN CHINA, II 179

Pritzel’s Cotoneaster Pyracantha is referable rather to P. Gibbsii which
has a wide distribution than to P. discolor Rehd. known so far only from
Hupeh and Kweichou and more different in its general appearance from
P. coccinea Roem. (Cotoneaster Pyracantha Spach) than P. Gibbsit.

Crataegus cuneata Siebold & Zuccarini in Abh. Akad. Muench. tv. 2,
130 (FI. Jap. Fam. Nat. 1. 22) (1846).—Bailey, Gent. Herb. 1. 179 (1920) .—
Hers in Jour. N. China Branch R. As. Soc. Li. 109 (1922); Liste Ess.
Lign. Honan, 10 (1922).

NortTHERN Kiancsu: Liu lin shan, near Hai chow, alt. about 200 m., J.
Hers, nos. 612, 657, May 5, 1921; Hai chow hills, alt. 200 m., Kang Fu
Lai, Hers no. 2292, October 8, 1922; without precise locality, J. Hers, no.
1012, 1919.

Honan: Hwei hsien, Ta fu sze, J. Hers, no. 752, June 16, 1919; Tsi yuan
Hsien, Tien tan shan, J. Hers, no. 1754, September 21, 1921.—See also
Bailey, 1. c., and Hers, 1. c.

DistrisuTion: also Kiangsi, Chekiang, Fokien, Hupeh, Kweichou
(Handel-M azzetti, nos. 10469, 10770); southern Japan.

Crataegus hupehensis Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 179 (1913).—Bailey,
Gent. Herb. 1. 28 (1920).—Hers in Jour. N. China Branch R. As. Soc.
Lit. 109 (1922); Liste Ess. Lign. Honan, 10 (1922).

Honan: Teng feng hsien, Yu tai shan, J. Hers, nos. 231, 288, April
23 and June 17, 1919, no. 321, April 20, 1920; Sung hsien, San kuan miao,
alt. about 1200 m., J. Hers, no. 545, May 24, 1919; Lushih, Hiung eul
shan, alt. 1400 m., J. Hers, no. 904, October 10, 1919; Lushih, Kiao ho,
alt. 1000 m., J. Hers, no. 966, October 12, 1919; Tsi yuan hsien, alt. 500
m., J. Hers, no. 2663, August 23, 1923; Tsi yuen hsien, Tien tan shan,
J. Hers, nos. 1729, 1897, September 21, 1921; Yung ning, Tsi li ping, alt.
1000 m., J. Hers, nos. 481, 1332, 1369, May 22 and September 30, 1919;
Lao kiun shan, alt. 900 m., J. Hers, no. 1233, September 23, 1919; Chikung
shan, L. H. Bailey, June 19 and 30, 1917.—See also Bailey, 1. c., and
Hers, 1. ec.

DistrisuTion: also Kiangsi, Chekiang, Hupeh.

Craetaegus Wilsonii Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 180 (1913).

Honan: Sung hsien, Shih tze miao, alt. 1200 m., J. Hers, no. 1263,
September 25, 1919; Lushih, Hiung eul shan, alt. 1400 m., J. Hers, no.
942, October 10, 1919; Yung ning, Tsi li ping, alt. 1000 m., J. Hers, no.
1378, September 30, 1919 (sterile).

DistTRiBuTION: also Hupeh.

Craetaegus dsungarica Lange, Rev. Spec. Gen. Crataegi, 43 (1897).—
Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 183 (1913).

Snantunc: Lau shan, F. N. Meyer, no. 285, August, 1907 (sterile).—
See also Sargent, |. c

DIsTRIBUTION: also eastern Siberia.

180 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

Another specimen from Shantung, also sterile, collected by F. N. Meyer
on the Po shan (No. 260, September, 1897) resembles C. sanguinea Pall.,
but without fruit a definite determination is not possible.

Crataegus Wattiana Hemsley & Lace in Jour. Linn. Soc. xvut. 323,
t. 40 (1891).—Bean in Bot. Mag. CXLy. t. 8818 (1919).
saetlager fr Oxyacantha Kanitz in Szechenyi, Keletazs. Utjén. Tudom. Ered.
810 (PI. icons 22) (1891); in Szechenyi, Wiss. Ergeb. Reis. Ostas. 11. 699
(1808), —Non Linnaeus

Cuiti: Hsiao Wu tai shan, Tieh ling sze, alt. 1300 m., J. Hers, no.
2118, October 7, 1922.

SuHansi: Wu chai hsien, Ta nan kow, alt. 2000-3000 m., Tchuang Kieh,
Hers no. 2019, September 7, 1922; Nan yang shan, alt. 1500-2500 m.,
J. Hers, no. 2725, September 22-30, 1923.

SHENsI: Kin tan san, G. Giraldi, July 14, 1897; Thui kio tsuen, G.
Giraldi, September 25, 1897; Lao y san, G. Giraldi, 1897; Lung chow,
Ki kia po, alt. 1400 m., J. Hers, no. 2383, July 4, 1922.

Kansu: Pelung mountains (brought in by Tibetans), W. Purdom, no.
1134, 1910; Chi shan, near Cheng hsien, F. N. Meyer, no. 1747, October
1, 1914 (Herb. U. S. Dept. Agric.).

DistrisuTIon: also Beluchistan to Altai mountains.

The Crataegus enumerated by Kanitz as Crataegus oryacantha is
possibly this species, as it is the only Crataegus known from this region.

Crataegus pinnatifida Bunge in Mém. Div. Sav. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb.
u. 100 (Enum. Pl. Chin. Bor. 26) (1833).—Walpers, Rep. 11. 58 (1843).—
Turczaninov in Bull. Soc. Nat. Moscou, x. no. vit. 151 (1837).—Maxi-
mowicz in Mém. Div. Sav. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. 1x. 471 (Ind. Fl. Pekin.)
(1859).—Hance in Jour. Bot. vu. 313 (1870).—Debeaux in Act. Soc.
Linn. Bordeaux, xxx1. 154 (Fl. Tché-fofi, 59) (1876).—Franchet in Nouv.
Arch. Mus. Paris, sér. 2, v. 270 (PI. David. 1. 118) (1883); in Mém. Soc.
Sci. Nat. Cherbourg, xxiv. 216 (Cat. Pl. Tché-fofi) (1884).—Palibin
in Act. Hort. Petrop. xiv. 118 (1895).—Bretschneider, Hist. Eur. Bot.
Discov. China, 333 (1898).—Faber in Denkschr. Entwickel. Kiautschou,
32 (1898).—Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 182 (1913).—Loesener in Bot. Centralbl.
Beih. xxxvn. abt. 11. 113 (1919).—Limpricht, Bot. Reis. Hochgeb. Chin.
Ost.-Tib. 405 (1922).—Hers in Jour. N. China Branch R. As. Soc. yt.
109 (1922); Liste Ess. Lign. Honan, 10 (1922).

M i age se et a K. Koch, Dendr. 1. 152 (1869).—Ito in Tokyo Bot. Mag.

a ee Gilg in Bot. Jahrb. xxxiv. beibl. txxv. 39 (1904).—
Non Jacqu

Crataegus sp. e N. Meyer in U. 8. Dept. Agric. Bur. Pl. Indust. Invent.
Seeds Pl. Imp. xv. 17, no. 22607 (1909).

Cuiui: Weichang, W. Purdom, nos. 57, 1116, 1909; near Peking, western
hills, Warburg, no. 6629; Lau shan, F. N. Meyer, no. 854a, December 3,
1907 (seeds only; plants under no. 22687 grown at Chico [Herb. U. S.
Dept. Agric.]); Po hua shan, J. Hers, no. 1409, May 1, 1921; Hsiao Wu

1924] REHDER, LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF NORTHERN CHINA, II 181

tai shan, alt. 1700 m., F. N. Meyer, no. 1157, August 8, 1913; J. Hers,
nos. 1507, 1521, 1567, July 14 and 16, 1921 (sterile)—See also Bunge,
1. c., Walpers, 1. c., Turczaninoy, |. ¢c., Maximowicz, 1. ¢., Hance, 1. C.,
Franchet, 1]. c. (1883), Bretschneider, 1. c., Sargent, 1. ¢., Limpricht, 1. ¢.,
and Meyer, I. c.

SHantune: Chifu, cultivated, C. S. Sargent, September 22, 1903; Po
shan, FP. N. Meyer, no. 260, September, 1907 (sterile; Herb. U. S. Dept.
Agric.).—See also Debeaux, |. c., Franchet, 1. c. (1884), Faber, 1. c.,
Loesener, 1. c, and Gilg, 1. e.

Norrtu Kiangsu: Liu lin shan, near Haichow, J. Hers, no. 647, May 5,
1921

nga Hwei hsien, Ping lo, J. Hers, no. 734, June 17, 1919.—See also
Hers, |

ibs cater: also Manchuria and Korea.

Crataegus pinnatifida var. major N. E. Brown in Gard. Chron. n.
sér. XXVI. 621, fig. 121 (1886).—Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 182 (1913).
ny Binnodifda, Bretschneider, Hist. Eur. Bot. Discov. China, 105
Cui: Nankow, eracited: J. G. Jack, October 6, 1905 (fruiting
branch); Peking, purchased from street vender, F. N. M eyer, no. 1337,
April 22, 1913; Miao feng shan, alt. 1000 m., cultivated, J. Hers, no.
2536, June 17, 1923.—See also Sargent, |. c., Bretschneider, 1. c.,
Honan: Hwei hsien, Pei yao, J. Hers, no. 732, June 18, 1919; Cheng
chow, cultivated, J. Hers, no. 92, May 10, 1920; Honan plain, cultivated,
J. Hers, no. 338, April 24, 1921.

Osteomeles Schwerinae Schneider, Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. 1. 762, fig.
430m, 431lo—r (1906).—Wilson i 2 fig a Pl. Wilson. 1. a eulaieh
Osteomeles sp. Farrer in Jour t. Soc. xii. 87 (19
Kansu: near Siku (ex Barece: 7
There can be hardly any doubt that Farrer’s plant belongs to Osteomeles
Schwerinae, the only species of that genus known from western China.

Sorbus discolor Hedlund in Kongl. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Hand.
Xxxv. 37 (Monog. Sorbus) (1901).—Schneider, Il]. Handb. Laubholzk.
I. 669, fig. 3661-m, 367g (1906).—Koehne in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 480
(1913).

Pyrus discolor Maximowicz in Mém. Div. Sav. Acad. St. Pétersb. rx. 103
(Prim. Fl. Amur.), 471 (Ind. Fl. Pekin.) (1859).

Pi Mee Aucuparia oe in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. X1x. 173 (1873);

n Mél. Biol. rx. 170 , pro parte.—Franchet in Nouv. Arch. Mus

Paris, sér. 2, v. 272 (PL David. I. re) 883).—Hemsley in Jour. ee
XXIII. 355 (1887), pro parte.—? Kanitz in Szechenyi, Keletazs. Utjan. Tudom.
Ered. 11. yore (Enum. Pl. 22) (891); in Szechenyi, Wiss. Ergeb. Reise Ostas.
11. 699 (1898).—Non Linna

Sorbus pekinensis Koehne in cern L. 406 (1901); in Sargent, Pl. Wilson.
1. 481 (1913).

Cutt: Hsiao Wu tai shan, Tieh ling sze, alt. 1300 m., J. Hers, no.
2125, October 7, 1922; Hsiao Wu tai shan, Shui shih tao, alt. 1500 m.,

182 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

J. Hers, no. 2172, October 8, 1922; without precise locality, Pére Chanet,
nos. 78, 87, 1919.—See also Hedlund, |. ¢c., Schneider, |. ¢., Koehne, 1. c.,
Maximowicz, |. c., Franchet, |. ¢c., and Hemsley, |. c.

Honan: Lu shih, Lao kiun shan, alt. 2000 m., J. Hers, no. 1205, Sep-
tember 21, 1919; Tsi yuan hsien, Tien tan shan, J. Hers, nos. 1794, 1800,
September 21, 1921; Teng feng hsien, Yu tai shan, alt. 800 m., J. Hers,
no. 2785, September 27, 1923.

Suanst: Nan yang shan, alt. 1500 to 2500 m., J. Hers, no. 2715, Sep-
tember 22-30, 1923; Yo yang hsien, alt. about 800 m., J. Hers, no. 2471,
December 16, 1922 (leafless branches).

? SHENsi: Lung chow, Kuan shan, J. Hers, no. 2357, July 3, 1922
(sterile).

? Kansu: “Kumbum”’ (ex Kanitz, |. c.).

This species seems rather variable in the shape and size of the leaflets;
no. 2715 from Shansi has narrow-lanceolate long-acuminate leaflets
4-8 cm. long, while in the specimens from Honan the leaflets are generally
narrow-oblong, acute, scarcely acuminate and 2-4 cm. long. I have
doubtfully referred to this species the plant from northwestern Kansu
determined by Kanitz as Pirus Aucuparia as it is more likely to be identical
with this northern species than with the more southern S. hupehensis
found in Kansu south of the Tsin ling shan range.

Sorbus pohuashanensis Hedlund in Kongl. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad.
Handl. xxxv. 33 (Monog. Sorbus) (1901).—Rehder in Mitt. Deutsch.
Dendr. Ges. xv. 56 (1901).—Koehne in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 481 (1913).

Pyrus pohuashanensis Hance in Jour. Bot. x1. 132 (1875).
Pyrus Aucuparia Hemsley in Jour. ee Soc. xxi. 255 (1887), quoad speci-
men e ee —Non sneha
Sorbus sp. Meyer in U.S. Dept. pone Bur. Pl. Indust. Invent. Seeds Pl.
Im XVII. 38, no. 36730 (1916).

CHIL: ice. W. Purdom, no. 18, May 31, 1909 and no. 47, 1909
(all sterile); Hsiao Wu tai shan, F. N. Meyer, no. 1241, August 20, 1913;
J. Hers, nos. 1512, 1531, 1549, July 14, 1921 (sterile).—See also Hedlund,
l. c., Rehder, |. c., Koehne, |. c., Hemsley, |. c., Hance, |. c., and Meyer, |. c.

Suansi: Wu tai shan, alt. 1600 m., J. Hers, no. 2623, July 29, 1923;
Wu chai hsien, Ta nan kow, alt. 2060 to 3000 m., Tchuang Kieh, Hers no.
2010, September 7, 1922.

In some specimens as in Meyer’s no. 1241 and in no. 2010 from Shansi
the leaflets are glabrous or nearly so and mostly entire below the middle
and the stipules are wanting on two of the three fruiting branches seen.

Sorbus Giraldiana Schneider, Il]. Handb. Laubholzk. 1. 672, fig. 369a
3).

(1906).—Koehne in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 481 (191
Suensi: Ngo san, G. Giraldi, no. 5128 (ex Schneider, |. c., and Koehne,
c.).

Te

Sorbus tapashana Schneider in Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, vi. 313
(1906); Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. 1. 672, fig. 369b (1906).—Koehne in
Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 482 (1913).

1924] REHDER, LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF NORTHERN CHINA, II 183

Pe en lag Pritzel in Bot. Jahrb. xxrx. 387 (1900), pro parte.—Non
innae

SHENSI: Tai pei shan, G. Giraldi (ex Schneider, |. c., Koehne, 1. c., and
Pritzel, 1. c.).

Sorbus hupehensis Schneider in Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, v1. 316
(1906); Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. 1. 680, fig. ied 375n (1906).—Hers
in Jour. N. China Branch R. As. Soc. ir. 116 (1922).

Honan: Fu niu shan, alt. about 2000 m., J. Hers, no. 140, October 6,
1918.—See also Hers, |. c.

Kansu: Min chow, W. Purdom, no. 1034, 1910.

DistRIBuTION: also Hupeh, Szechuan, Yunnan.

The Honan specimen which is in fruit is doubtful; it may belong to
S. discolor Hedl. but without having seen flowering material of the Honan
plant of either of these two species, I am not certain, if both species occur
in that province, or if all the material belongs to one species.

Sorbus hupehensis var. aperta Schneider in Bot. Gaz. txut. 403 (1917).
eo a Pritzel in Bot. Jahrb. xx1x. 387 (1900), pro parte.—Non
Inn
Sorbus et Koehne in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 465 (1913).
Suensi: Ta sce tsuen, G. Giraldi, September 18, 1897.—See also Pritzel,
l. c., and Koehne, I. c.
Kansv: Chi shan, near Cheng hsien, F. N. Meyer, no. 1756, October 1,
1914.
DistRiBuTION: also Hupeh.

Sorbus Koehneana Schneider in Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, v1. 316
(1906); Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. 1. 681, fig. 3740 (1906).—Koehne in
Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. relly (1913).—Hers in Jour. N. China Branch R.
As. Soc. tm. 116 (1922); Liste Ess. Lign. Honan, 29 (1922).

Pirus microphylla Pritzel in Bot. Jahrb. xxrx. 387 (1900).—Non Wallich.

Honan: Lushih, Lao kiun shan, alt. 2000 m., J. Hers, no. 1206, Sep-
tember 21, 1919.—See also Hers, |. c.

SHENSI: “ Kian sian,’’ G. Giraldi, August 4, 1897; Tai pei shan, W.
Purdom, nos. 4, 1008, 1910—See also Koehne, |. c., and Pritzel, 1. c.

Kansvu: western Kansu (brought in by Tibetans from over the border),
W. Purdom, no. 1121, 0.

DistTRIBUTION: also Hupeh.

Sorbus alnifolia K. Koch in Ann. Mus. Lugd.-Bat. 1. 249 (1864).—
Rehder in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 11. 270 (1915).—Hers in Jour. N. China
Branch R. As. Soc. Lur. 116 (1922); Liste Ess. rae Honan, 29 (1922).

Micromeles alnifolia Koehne, Gatt. Pomac. 21 (1890).—Loesener in Bot.
. Beih. xxxvu. abt. 1. 132 (1919).
Micromeles alnifolia var. tiliaefolia Schneider, Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. 1.
703, fig. 386e (1906).—Loesener in Bot. Centralbl. Beith. xxxvu. abt.
i. 132 (1919).
SHantunG: Lau shan and Cape Ya tau (ex Loesener, |. c.).
Honan: Teng feng, Yu tai shan, J. Hers, nos. 297, 297bis, June 17,

184 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

1919; same locality, alt. 800 m., J. Hers, no. 2786, September 27, 1923;
Lushib, Hung eul shan, alt. 1400 m., J. Hers, nos. 901, 912, October 10,
1919; Lushih, Lao kiun shan, alt. 2000 m., J. Hers, no. 1160, September
21, 1919; Sung hsien, San kuan miao, alt. 1000 m., J. Hers, no. 1307,
September 27, 1919; Tsi yuan hsien, alt. 500 m., J. Hers, no. 2667, August
23, 1923; Tsi yuan hsien, Tien tan shan, J. Hers, nos. 1771, 1773, Sep-
tember 21, 1921; Tsi yuan hsien, Pei teng shan, alt. 1200 m., J. Hers, no.
2799, October 10, 1923.—See also Hers, |. c.

Snensi: Lung chow, Kuan shan, alt. 2000 m., J. Hers, no. 2350, July
3, 1922.

DistriBuTION: also Hupeh; Korea, Japan.

Sorbus Folgneri Rehder in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 11. 271 (1915).—Hers
in Jour. N. China Branch R. As. Soc. Li. 116 (1922); Liste Ess. Lign.
ee 29 (1922).

s Aria Pritzel in Bot. Jahrb. xxrx. 387 (1900).—Non Linnaeus.

re es Chuan pao shan, alt. 1500 m., J. Hers, no. 1105, October 17,
1919.—See also Hers, 1. c.

Suenst: Ling yen tan, alt. 700 m., J. Hers, no. 2447, October 11, 1922.—
See also Pritzel, |. c.

DistRIBuTION: also Kiangsi, Hupeh, Szechuan, Kweichou, Hunan
(Frandel-M azzetti, no. 11838

Photinia villosa DC. var. sinica Rehder & Wilson in Sargent, PI.

Wilson. 1. 186 (1913).
nia spec. Loesener in Bot. Centralbl. og Xxxvil. abt. 11. 132 (1919).
renee Lau shan (ex Loesener, |.

NortrHern Kianesu: Liu lin shan, near Hai chow, J. Hers, nos. 642
(sterile, doubtful), 662, May 5, 1921; Hai chow hills, alt. 200 m., Kang
Fu Lai, Hers no. 2309, October 8, 1922.

DistripuTion (of the variety): also Kiangsi, Hupeh; (of the species):
Korea, Japan, Formosa.

Cydonia oblonga Miller, Gard. Dict. (1768).—Hers in Jour. N. China
Branch R. As. Soc. Lu. 109 (1922); — Ess. Lign. _— 10 (1922).

Pyrus Cydonia ange oer Spec. 480 (17 Debeaux in Act. Soc. —
Bordeaux, XXXI. 6 (FI, Tché- fod, ay (1876). ir eon are: in Mém. §
Sci. Nat. Che anes xxiv. 216 (1884).—Faber in Denkschr. Batwiekel.

Kiautschou, 32 (1898).

Cydonia vu ulgaris Persoon, Syn. 11. 40 (1807).—Ito in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xiv
116 (1900).—Gilg in Bot. Jahrb. xxx1v ers LXxV. 39 (1904).—Loesener
in Bot. Centralbl. oh Xxxvu. abt. u. 131 (191

SHantuna: Chifu, cultivated (ex ae l. c., Franchet, |. ¢., and
Ito, 1. c.); Tsing tau, cultivated (ex Faber, 1. ¢., Gilg, 1. c., and Loesener,
l. c.).

Honan: Yung ning, Shang ho, alt. 1000 m., J. Hers, no. 838, October 5,
1919 (cultivated according to Mr. Hers’ list, though not stated so on the
label).

Suensi: Tai pei shan, W. Purdom, no. 960, 1910.

1924] REHDER, LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF NORTHERN CHINA, II 185

DIsTRIBUTION: its native country is supposed to be Persia and Turkestan.

The Quince seems to be very little cultivated in China and apparently
only in the northern provinces. It has been recorded from Shantung
and Honan and Debeaux states that it is also found in Chili; he remarks
that the fruits are much smaller than those of the plant of southern
Europe, while Gilg and Loesener state that it has according to Nebel
very large fruits. The fruit sent by Mr. Hers from Honan is pear-shaped
and about 5 cm. long. There is also a specimen in the herbarium of
this Arboretum from Kiangsu, collected near Nanking (Herb. Univ.
Nanking, no. 371), this, too, is without doubt from a cultivated plant.
Whether Purdom’s Shensi specimen is from a cultivated or a wild plant
is unfortunately not stated and there is still a possibility that the Quince
may be a native of China and that it is only cultivated and naturalized
in central and western Asia now supposed to be its native country, but
the evidence we have so far is not yet convincing. In Chinese literature
it seems to be confused with the Chinese Quince (Chaenomeles sinensis
Koehne), though Hers states in the label to his no. 838 that it is called
by the Chinese “‘mu li,”’ while the Chinese Quince is called “‘mu kua li.”

Chaenomeles lagenaria Koidzumi in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xxim. 173
(1909).—Hers in Jour. N. China Branch R. As. Soc. tir. 108 (1922);
Liste Ess. Lign. Honan, 8 ee ia

Chaenomeles Pes pane n Mém. Div. Sav ee Sci. St. ieee II.
101 (Enum. Pl. Chin r. 27) (1 iy —Frane het i ouv
Paris, a "2, 20 1 (PL. David. 1. 119) (188 ea pee in Bot. Centralbl,
Beih. xxxvit. abt. m. 132 (1919).—Non Lindley
Pyrus japonica Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. xx. O57 (1887).—Non Thunberg.
Cydonia japonica Pritzel in Bot. Jahrb, xxrx. 388 (1900).—Non Persoou.
Cy Wenn japonica var. genuina (Maxim.) Ito in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xiv. 117
1900).

Cui: Peking, cultivated (ex Bunge, 1. c., and Hemsley, |. c.).

SHANTUNG: Pearl mountains, 0. Nebel (ex Loesener, |. c.); Nan shan
near Chifu, ? cultivated (ex Ito, 1. c.)

Honan: without special locality, cultivated (ex Hers, 1. c.).

SuHEnNs!I: Tsin ling shan, A. David (ex Franchet, |. c., Hemsley, 1. c.,
and Pritzel, 1. c.).

Kansu: Tsing chow, alt. 1400 m., J. Hers, no. 2409, July 21, 1922
(sterile).—See also Hemsley, I. c.

DisTRIBUTION (including the varieties): also Hupeh and Szechuan.

The type probably occurs wild on the Tsin ling shan range in Shensi
and eastern Kansu and is cultivated elsewhere. The var. cathayensis
Rehd. grows spontaneously in Hupeh and the following variety in Sze-
chuan and Kansu

Chaenomeles lagenaria var. Wilsonii Rehder in Sargent, Pl. Wilson.
11. 298 (1915).

KAnsu: on open rocky slopes near Yan pu ko, F. N. Meyer, no. 1639,
October 6, 1914.

DistriBuTiIon: also Szechuan.

186 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

Chaenomeles sinensis Koehne, Gatt. Pomac. 29 (1896), as “C. chinen-
sis.” —Loesener in Bot. Centralbl. Beih. xxxvu. abt. 11. 132 (1919).—
Hers in Jour. N. China Branch R. As. Soc. ir. 108 (1922); Liste Ess.
Lign. Honan, 8 (1922 3

Cydonia sinensis Thouin in Ann. Mus. Paris, xrx. 145, t. 8, 9 Oldie —Gilg
in Bot. Jahrb. xxxrx. beibl. txxv. 39 (1904), as “C. chine

SHANTUNG: near Tsing tau (ex Loesener, |. c., and Gilg, L 2.

NortuEerN Kranesu: Wang kia shan, near Hai chow, J. Hers, no. 623,
May 5, 1921.

Honan: cultivated (ex Hers, 1. c.).

DistriBuTion: also Chekiang and cultivated elsewhere by the Chinese
for its large fragrant fruit.

Pyrus ussuriensis Maximowicz in Bull. Phys. Math. Acad. Sci. St.
Pétersb. xv. 132 (1857); in Mém. Div. Sav. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. rx.
471 (Ind. Fl. Pekin.) (1859).—Rehder in Proc. Am. Acad. Sci. 1. 227
(Syn. Chin. Pyrus) Seedy

Pyrus communis Bun Mém. . Sav. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. 1. 101
(Enum. Pl. Chin et "7) C883) 1 pro parte.—Non Linnaeus.
Pyris Simonii Carriére in Rev. ait . 1872, 28, fig. 3—Bretschneider, Hist.
fur. Bot. Discov. China, 830 98).
Pyrus sinensis Franchet, Nouv. posi Mus. Paris, sér. 2, v. 272 (Pl. David.
1. 120) (1883). —Hemsley i in Jour. Linn. Soe. xxur. 258 (1887), pro parte.—
In iy

Cum: “Chin. bor.;”” ex herb. Bunge (Gray Herb.); Hsiao Wu tai
shan, F. N. Meyer, no. 1232, August 20, 1913; Po hau shan, J. Hers, no.
1653, September 9, 1921; Tsing shiu tsien, J. Hers, no. 1639, September 6,
1921.—See also Maximowicz, I. c. (1859), Rehder, |. c., Bunge, |. c., Fran-
chet, 1. c., and Hemsley, I. c.

SHanst: Hia hsien, Huang lai kow, J. Hers, no. 1863, October 2, 1921;
Wen jii ho valley, J. Hers, no. 2817, October 2, 1923.

DistR1BuTION: also Manchuria, Korea.

Pyrus ussuriensis var. ovoidea Rehder in Jour. Arnold Arb. 1. 60

(1920).
Pyrus — Rehder in Proc. Am. Acad. Sci. u. 228 (1915).—Bailey, Gent.
Herb. 9 (1920).

Honan: Kio shan, planted (ex Bailey, |. c.).

SHANSI: near Ping yang fu, cultivated, F. N. Meyer, no. 1663, July 31,
1914

DistrisuTiIoNn: probably cultivated in Fokien, Yunnan and in Japan,
apparently spontaneous in Korea and in Japan, or only naturalized in
the latter country.

Pyrus Bretschneideri Rehder in Proc. Am. Acad. Sci. L. 231 (1915).
Pyrus communis Bunge in Mém. Div. Sav. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. mu. 101
(Enum. Pl. Chin. Bor. 27) (1833), pro parte. —Non Linnaeus
Cui: cultivated near Peking, F. N. Meyer, no. 1402, April 29, 1915;
near San tung ying, on stony hill slopes, F. N. Meyer, no. 996, June 3,
1913 (sterile); Po hua shan, alt. 1000 m., J. Hers, no. 2237, October 12,
1922.—See also Rehder, |. c

1924] REHDER, LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF NORTHERN CHINA, II 187

This is probably the pai-li alluded to by Bretschneider (Hist. Eur.
Bot. Discov. China, 830). It is uncertain whether this is a spontaneous
species or a cultivated race or hybrid, a question which can be solved
only by careful study and investigation on the spot. The trees growing
in the Arnold Arboretum which were raised from seed sent by Dr. Bret-
schneider in 1882 are quite distinct from any other Pear known from
eastern Asia. Hers’ no. 2237 which belongs here according to the de-
scription of the fruit as given by Mr. Hers has rather finely serrulate leaves
with short scarcely acuminate teeth.

Pyrus serotina Rehder in Proc. Am. Acad. Sci. L. 231 (1915).—Bailey,
Gent. Herb. 1. 29 (1920)

? Pyrus communis var. a. Pyraster Debeaux in Act. ae Linn. Bordeaux,
xxxI. 155 (Fl. Tché-fod, 60) (1876) —Non De Can

Cui: Ming Tombs valley, F. N. Meyer, no. 185, eles 1905 (Herb.
U.S. Agric. Dept.).

? SHANTUNG: near Chifu (ex Debeaux, I. c.).

Honan: Chi kung shan, LZ. H. Bailey, June 30, 1917; Sung hsien, Shih
tze miao, alt. 1200 m., J. Hers, no. 1260, September 25, 1919; Lushih,
Hiung eul shan, alt. 1400 m., J. Hers, no. 898, October 10, 1919.

DistrisuTion: also Hupeh, Szechuan.

Pyrus serotina var. culta Rehder in Proc. Am. Acad. Sci. L. 233 (1915).—
Hers in Jour. N. China Branch R. As. Soc. tir. 114 (1922); Liste Ess.
Lign. iets i oe

? a Debeaux in Act. Soc. Skis Bordeaux, XXXI.

156 ‘FL. "iT ché. fot, Prat (1876), —Non De Candol
? Pyrus communis Thu nberg, in Jap. 207 (1784). Te Denkschr. Ent-

wickel. Feaitectou: 32 (1898).—Loesener in Bot. Centralbl. Beih. xxxvit.

abt. 1. 132 (1919).—Non Ti xnaece
Pyrus sinensis Faber, Denkschr. Entwickel. Leger 32 (1898).—Ito
in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xiv. 117 (1900).—Gilg in Bot. Ja hrb. xxxrv. beibl.

LXXV. 39 (1904).—Loesener in Bot. Gantralbl, Baik. xxxvu. abt. 1. 132

1919).

SHANTUNG: cultivated (ex Debeaux, |. c., Faber, 1. c., Ito, 1. c., Gilg, 1. ¢.,
and Loesener, |. c.).

Honan: cultivated (ex Hers, |. c.).

Kansv: Ho dien, cultivated, F. N. Meyer, no. 1865, July 7, 1914.

DistrRIBuTION: cultivated throughout China and Japan.

To this variety apparently belong most of the Pears cultivated in
China except in the north where P. ussuriensis and P. Bretschneidert
take its place. The European P. communis is not cultivated by the
Chinese but is occasionally planted in the gardens of foreign residents
and missionaries.

The closely related P. serrulata Rehd., differing chiefly in the serrulate
leaves with short acute or acuminate, but not setosely acuminate teeth,
in the 3-4, rarely 5, styles and in the smaller fruit, does not seem to occur
in northern China if a sterile specimen from Hwei hsien, Honan (Hers’
no. 720), does not belong here.

188 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

Pyrus phaeocarpa Rehder in Proc. Am. Acad. Sci. x. 235 (1915).

Cui: near Peking, E. Bretschneider (ex Rehder, |. c.).

This species is known to me only from cultivated plants raised from
seed sent to the Arnold Arboretum in 1882 by Dr. E. Bretschneider. It
is most nearly related to P. betulaefolia, but easily distinguished by its
larger usually 3—4-celled fruit, the larger more closely serrate glabrous
leaves and the less tomentose branchlets and inflorescence. Besides the
typical form with pear-shaped fruit, there is a form with globose fruit
distinguished as f. globosa Rehd. (I. c.).

Pyrus betulaefolia Bunge in Mém. Div. Sav. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb.
11. 101 (Enum. PI. Chin. Bor. 27) (1833).—Walpers, Rep. 11. 53 (1843) .—
Maximowicz in Mém. Div. Sav. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. rx. 471 (Ind.
Fl. Pekin.) (1859); in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. xrx. 172 (1873); in Mél.
Biol. rx. 169 (1873).—Debeaux in Act. Soc. Linn. Bordeaux, xxx1. 156,
(Fl. Tché-fof, 61) (1876).—Franchet in Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Cherbourg,
XXIV. 217 (1884).—Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxi. 256 (1887).—
Bretschneider, Hist. Eur. Bot. Discov. China, 333, 830, 1053 (1898).—
Faber, Denkschr. Entwickel. Kiautschou, 32 (1898).—Pritzel in Bot.
Jahrb. xxrx. 387 (1900), pro parte.—Gilg in Bot. Jahrb. xxxtv. beibl.
LXXxv. 39 (1904).—Rehder in Proc. Am. Acad. Sci. L. 236 (1915).—Loesener
in Bot. Centralbl. Beih. xxxvit. abt. 1. 132 (1919).—Bailey, Gent. Herb.
I. 29 (1920).—Hers in Jour. N. China Branch R. As. Soc. Lut. 114 (1922);
Liste Ess. Lign. Honan, 24 (1922).—Cowdry in Jour. N. China Branch
R. As. Soc. tint. 164 (PI. Peitaiho) (1922).

Pirus sp. (an P. betulaefolia Bge.) Ito in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xiv. 118 (1900).

Cui: Pao ting fu plain, W. Purdom, no. 1009, 1909; East cliff, Pei-
taiho, N. H. Cowdry, no. 153, May 23, 1919.—See also Bunge, |. c., Walpers,
]. c., Maximowicz, I. c., Hemsley, 1. c., and Rehder, 1. ec.

SHantunG: Lau shan, F. N. Meyer, no. 308, August, 1907; without
precise locality, F. N. Meyer, no. 398, September, 1907.—See also De-
beaux, |. c., Franchet, 1. c., Hemsley, |. c., Faber, 1. ¢., Gilg, 1. c., Loesener,
l. c., and Ito, 1. e.

Honan: Hwei hsien, Chung hu, J. Hers, no. 743, June 17, 1919; with-
out precise locality, J. Hers, no. 33, 1918.—See also Hers, 1. c

Suanst: Ping yang fu, F. N. Meyer, no. 1659, July 25, 1914.

SHENsSi: Yenan fu, W. Purdom, no. 328, 1910.—See also Pritzel, |. c.

DistripuTion: also Kiangsu, Kiangsi, Hupeh.

Pyrus Calleryana Decaisne, Jard. Fruit. 1. in textu sub t. 8 (1872).—
Maximowicz in Bull. Soc. Nat. Moscou, tiv. pt. 1. 18 (1879).—Hemsley
in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxi. 256 (1887).—Bailey, Gent. Herb. 1. 29 (1920).—
Hers in Jour. N. China Branch R. As. Soc. tin. 114 (1922); Liste Ess.
Lign. Honan, 24 (1922).

SHANTUNG: Chifu (ex Maximowicz, I. c., and Hemsley, 100),

Honan: Lushih, Tung ho, alt. 1000 m., J. Hers, no. 991”8, October

1924] REHDER, LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF NORTHERN CHINA, II 189

14, 1919; Lushih, Lao kiun shan, alt. 2000 m., J. Hers, no. 1147, Sep-
tember 21, 1919; Yung ning, Tsi li ping, alt. 1000 m., J. Hers, no. 477,
May 22, 1919 and nos. 1333, 1352, 1365, September 30, 1919; Tsi yuan
hsien, Tien tan shan, J. Hers, no. 1720, September 20, 1921.—See also
Bailey, |. c., and Hers, |. c.

Suansi: Lien ma, Ff. N. Meyer, no. 1658, July 30, 1914.

Disrripution: also Hupeh, Chekiang, Kiangsi, Fokien and Kwang-
tung.

Pyrus kolupana Schneider, Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. 1. 665 (1906); in
Fedde, Rep. Nov. Spec. mr. 120 (1907).
Pyrus Beil Pritzel in Bot. Jahrb.:xxrx. 387 (1900), pro parte—Non
Bun

oeenay ‘Kolupa, G. Giraldi, nos. 1050 and 5105 (ex Schneider, 1. c.,
and Pritzel, |. c.).

Pyrus pashia Hamilton apud D. Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 236 (1825).—
Rehder in Proc. Am. Acad. Sci. Lb. 238 (1915).

Pyrus serrulata F. N. Meyer in U. 8. Dept. Agric. Bur. Pl. Indust. Invent.
Seeds Pl. Imp. xii. 72, nos. 40724, 40725 (1918).—Non Rehder.

SHANSI: near Wu chai, F. N. Meyer, no. 1657, July 19, 1914.

Kansv: near Liang Tang on rocky mountain slopes, F. N. Meyer, nos.
1946, 1947, 1952, September 24 and 25, 1914.

DistRiBuTION: also Szechuan, Yunnan; Himalayas.

The extension of the range of an Himalayan species as far northeast
as Shansi is unusual, but the leaves of the specimen agree well with those
of P. pashia and the solitary fruit is small, 3-celled and has a persistent
calyx, as is sometimes the case in P. pashia; the specimens from Kansu
are very similar and have partly persistent and partly deciduous calyx.

The account given above of the pears of northern China is necessarily
incomplete and unsatisfactory, as the material at my disposition is very
fragmentary, in many cases consisting only of sterile branches. We
cannot hope to arrive at a satisfactory understanding and classification
of the Chinese pears, spontaneous and cultivated, unless we have ample
flowering and fruiting material from the same locality or still better
from the same tree with notes on the color and nature of the fruit and
reliable statements whether the tree is cultivated or spontaneous or
possibly escaped from cultivation.

Malus prunifolia Borkhausen, Handb. Forstbot. mu. 1278 (1803).—
Rehder in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 11. 288 (1915).
? Pyrus Malus var. glabra Debeaux in Act. Soc. Linn. Bordeaux, xxx1. 155
(Fl. Tché-fof, 60) (1876).—Non W. D. Koch.
? SHantuna: Chifu (ex Debeaux, 1. c.).
Suansi: Ping yang fu, cultivated, F. N. Meyer, no. 1666, July 31,
1914 (Herb. U.S. Dept. Agric.).
DistTRIBUTION: Siberia.

190 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

According to Debeaux’s description “fructibus parvis acerbis, foliis
germinibusque glaberrimis”’ his plant must be either typical M. prunifolia
or possibly M. baccata Mill., but the former is not known from China
at all and it is therefore doubtful if it occurs spontaneously in Shantung.
Meyer’s specimen which is sterile is perfectly glabrous and therefore
seems to belong here rather than to var. rinki.

Malus prunifolia Borkh. var. rinki Rehder in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 11.
279 (1915).
Pyrus Malus Pia in Mém. Div. Sav. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. 1. 101 (Enum.
~ Chin. Bor. 27) (1833).—Debeaux in Act. Soc. Linn. Bordeaux, xxx.
3 (FI. Zeal tsin, 20) (187 9).—Franchet . Mém. Soe. Sci. Nat. Cher-
oe XXIV. 216 (1 884).—Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. XXII. 257 (1887).—
aber, Denkschr. pa Kiautschou, 32 (1898).—Non Linnaeus.

? Pyrus prunifolra Debe n Act. Soc. Linn. Bordeaux, xxx. 155 (FI.
7 hé-foa, 60) (1876) essa re in Mém. Soe. Sci. Nat. Cherbourg, XXXI.
216 (1884).—Non Willdenow

Pyrus Malus 6. tomentosa Peaheet in Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Cherbourg, ae
(1884). —Ito in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xv. 118 (1900).—Non W. D.
shaadi Bot. Centralbl. Beih. xxxvu. abt. 11. 132 (1919). =

Non Borkha

Cuiut: Peking, nna hills, J. Hers, nos. 2245, 2246, 2253 (abnormal
flowering), October 14, 1922; Ta han king, J. Hers, no. 1640, September
7, 1921; Hsiao Wu tai ee cultivated, F. N. Meyer, no. 1234, August
20, 1913 (Herb. U.S. Dept. Agric.); Po hua shan, J. Hers, no. 13885, May
1, 1921.—See also Bunge, 1. c., and Debeaux, |. c. (1879).

SHantune: Chifu (ex Franchet, |. ¢c., and Debeaux, |. c. [1876]); Tsing
tau (ex Faber, 1. c., Ito, 1. c., and Loesener, I. ¢.).

Honan: Chengchow, more or less wild, used as stock, J. Hers, no.
1908, April 15, 1922.

DistRiBuTION: Hupeh; cultivated elsewhere in China and in Korea
and Japan.

This is apparently the Apple commonly cultivated in China. According
to Wilson it occurs spontaneous in Hupeh; also Hers’ no. 1385 from the
Po hua shan, Chili, may be from a tree growing wild. The specimen
from Cheng chow looks much like M. pumila Mill. as it has rather short
densely villose pedicels, but without fruit, its determination rests doubtful
and it seems safer to consider it a form of the Chinese Apple.

Malus spectabilis Borkhausen, Handb. Forstbot. 1. 1279 (1803).—
Rehder in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 11. 289 (1915).—Hers in Jour. N. China
Branch R. As. Soc. tm. 112 oe Liste Ess. Lign. Honan, 19 (1922).

Pyrus spectabilis Aiton, Hort. Kew. um. 175 (1789).—Bunge in Mém. Div.
Sav. Acad. Sci. St. Bétereb. 1. 289 (Enum. Pl. Chin. Bor. 27) (1833).—
ol.

2. y, 271 (PI. David. 1. 119 9) (1883); in Mém. Soe. Sci. Nat. ‘Cherbourg,
xxiv. 217 (Cat. Pl. Tché-fot) (1884). —Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. xx.
258 vo exclu syn. plur. et plantis e Kiangsi et Hupeh. —Bailey, Gent.
Herb. ran
Malus om P ne Mey rin U.S. Dept. Agric. Bur. Pl. Indust. Invent. Seeds
Imp. XXXIXx. 105, no. 38231 (1917).

1924] REHDER, LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF NORTHERN CHINA, II 191

Cui: Peking, Imperial gardens, C. S. Sargent, September 17, 1903.—
See also Rehder, 1. c., Bunge, 1. c., Maximowicz, I. c., Franchet, l. c. (1883),
Hemsley, |. c., and Bailey, 1. ¢.

SHantunG: Chifu (ex Franchet, |. c. [1884]).

Honan: Yu tai shan, J. Hers, no. 317, April 20, 1920.—See also Hers,
.C.

SHENsI: Sian fu, planted, F. N. Meyer, no. 1106, January 30, 1914
(grafts only; plants growing at Chico, California).

This species is known only as a cultivated plant; also Hers’ no. 317
from Honan, though there is no statement on the label and it is not
marked as cultivated in his published list, is apparently from a planted
tree, as it has semi-double flowers.

Malus baccata Borkbausen, Handb. Forstbot. 1. 1280 (1803).—Rehder
in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 291 (1915).—Loesener in Bot. Centralbl. Beih.
XXXvII. abt. 1. 132 (1919).

yrus baccata Linnaeus, Mant. 75 (1767).—Hance in ch Bot. xu. 132
(1875).—Hemsley in Jour. Linn, Soc. xx. 255 (1887
oe baccata a. sibirica Maximowicz os cad. Sel ‘St. Pétersb. xrx.
170 (1873); in Mél. ‘Biol. 1x. 166 (18 73) —Franchet i in Nouv. Arch. Mus.
Paris, sér. - v. 272 (Pl. David. 1. 120) (1883).
Pyrus baccata 6. mandshu rica Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb.
x1x..170 0 (1873); in Mél. Biol. rx. 166 (1873), quoad plantam glabratum
inensem. —Bretschneider, Hist. Eur. Bot. Discov. China, 1053 (1898).

Cui: Jehol, A. David, no. 1728 (Gray Herb.); Weichang, W. Purdom,
no. 23, 1909; Shi fen ko, F. N. Meyer, no. 998, June 3, 1913 (Herb. U. S.
Dept. Agric.); near Peking, 0. Warburg, no. 6611; Po hua shan, J. Hers,
no. 1426, May 1, 1921; Liang feng kow, J. Hers, nos. 1644, 1647, Sep-
tember 8, 1921; Miao Feng shan, J. Hers, no. 2535, June 17, 1923: Hsiao
Wu tai shan, alt. 1600 m., F. N. Meyer, no. 1254, August 21, 1913.—See
also Rehder, |. c., Hemsley, |. c., Franchet, 1. c., Maximowicz, I. c., and
Bretschneider, 1. c.

SHANTUNG: Tung hu shui and Lau shan (ex Loesener, |. c.).

SHansi: Wu chai hsien, Ta nan kow, alt. 2000 to 3000 m., 7 chuang
Kieh, Hers no. 2039, September 7, 1922; Wu tai shan, alt. 1300 m., J.
Hers, no. 2612, July 29, 1923; Schao yii, F. N. Meyer, no. 1877, July
22, 1914 (Herb. U. S. Dept. Agric.).

SueEnsi: Yenan fu, W. Purdom, no. 329, 1910; Lung chow, Li kia po,
J. Hers, no. 2386, July 4, 1922.—See also Rehder, 1. c.

Nsu: south of Hoang ho, P. J. Piasezki (ex Hemsley, 1. c.).

DistrIBuTION: also Manchuria, eastern Siberia.

Malus baccata f. gracilis Rehder in Jour. Arnold Arb. 11. 49 (1920).

NorTHERN CHINA: (ex Rehder, |. c.).

This form differs from the type chiefly in its lower stature, slender
pendent branches, comparatively narrower obtusely serrulate leaves
on slenderer petioles, in the smaller flowers with often only 4 styles
and in the small fruit. It is known only from cultivated plants raised

192 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

from seed sent by Mr. Purdom from northern China without indication
of precise locality.

Malus baccata var. mandshurica Schneider, I]. Handb. Laubholzk. 1.
721, fig. 397n (1906).—Rehder in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 281 (1915).
fe baccata 8. mandshurica Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. xrx.
170 (1873); in ni Biol. rx. 166 (1873), excl. see glabrata Pekinensi.—
Franchet in Nou re us. Paris, sér. 2, v. 272 (Pl. David. 1. 120
(1883). sic Sr HY Hist. Eur. Bot. Discov. China, 1053 (1898).—Ito
in Tokyo Bot. Mag. x1v. 119 (1900).
Malus baccata Hers i : n Jour. N. China Branch R. As. Soe. tu. 112 (1922

Liste Ess. Lign. Panic, 18 (1922).—Vix Borkhausen

Cui: near Jehol, A. David (ex Franchet, 1. ¢. ).

SHANTUNG: near Chifu and on Island of Liu kung (ex Ito, I. c. ).

Nortnern Kianosu: Liu lin shan, near Hai chow, J. Hers, no. 633, May
5, 1921; Hai chow hills, alt. about 200 m., Kang Fu Lai, Hers no. 2306,
October 8, 1922.

Honan: Tsi yuan hsien, Tien tan shan, J. Hers, no. 1815, September 21,
1921; Cheng chow, cultivated, J. Hers, no. 3, May 9, 1919; Lushih, Lao
kiun shan, alt. 2000 m., J. Hers, no. 1161, September 21, 1919.

Distripumion: Kiangsi, Hupeh; eastern Siberia, Korea, Japan.

Malus robusta (M. baccata X prunifolia) Rehder in Jour. Arnold Arb. 11.
54 (1920

I have no doubt that this hybrid, cultivated in many forms in this coun-
try and in Europe, occurs in northern China, though I have seen no speci-
mens.

Malus robusta var. persicifolia Rehder, I. c. 55 (1920).
NorTHERN CHINA: without locality, W. Purdom, no. 179 (seeds only;
plants raised in the Veitchian nurseries are now growing in this Arboretum).

Malus theifera Rehder in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 11. 283 (1915).—Hers in
Jour. N. China Branch R. As. Soc. Li. 116 (1922); Liste Ess. Lign. Honan,
29 (1922).

Honan: Teng feng, Yu tai shan, alt. 800 m., J. Hers, no. 237, April 23,
1919; Lushib, Hiung eul shan, alt. 1400 m., J. Hers, no. 906, October 10,
1919; Yung ning, Chuan pao shan, alt. 1500 m., J. Hers, no. 1115, October
17, 1919; ‘Tsi yuan hsien, Tien tan shan, J. Hers, no. 1710, September 20,
1921.—See also Hers, l. c.

SHENSI: near Kwan yin tang, alt. 1200 m., F. N. Meyer, no. 1901, Sep-
tember 15, 1914; Po uo li, G. Giraldi, July 25-30, 1897.—See also Rehder,

Cc.
_ Distrisution: also Chekiang, Kiangsi, Hupeh, Szechuan, Kweichou,
Yunnan; Assam.

Malus transitoria Schneider, Ill. pe Laubholzk. 1. 726 (1906).—
Rehder in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 295 (19
Se dda Batalin in Act. Hort. Petrop. x11. 95 (1893).—Bretschneider,
. Eur. Bot. Discov. China, 975 (1898).

1924] REHDER, LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF NORTHERN CHINA, II 193

SuHEnsi: Yenan fu district, W. Purdom, no. 322, 1910.

Kansu: Tibetan country southwest of Choni, W. Purdom, no. 1046, 1910;
brought in by Tibetans from south of the Peling Mountains, W. Purdom,
no. 1135, 1910.—See also Schneider, I. c., Rehder, l. c., and Batalin, 1. c.

Malus toringoides Hughes in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1920, 205, fig. B,

-e.
Malus transitoria var. toringoides Rehder in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 286 (1915).
Kansu: near Fu orr yei, F. N. Meyer, no. 1975, October 7, 1914 (Herb.
U.S. Dept. Agric.).

Malus kansuensis Schneider in Fedde, Rep. Spec. Nov. m1. 178 (1906).—

Rehder in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 11. 286 (1915
Pyrus kansuensis Batalin in Act. Hort. Petrop. xi. 94 (1893).

Suensi: near Kwan yin tang, F. N. Meyer, no. 1906, September 15, 1914
(Herb. U.S. Dept. Agric.).

Kawnsu: Tibetan country, south of Tow River, W. Purdom, no. 1142,
1910.—See also Rehder, I. c.

DistRIBUTION: also Hupeh, Szechuan.

Malus kansuensis f. calva Rehder in Jour. Arnold Arb. 11. 50 (1920).
SHENSI1: Tai pei shan, W. Purdom, no. 1118, 1910.—See also Rehder, 1. c.
DistRIBUTION: also Hupeh, Szechuan.

Malus honanensis Rehder in Jour. Arnold Arb. m1. 51 (1920).—Hers in
Jour. N. China Branch R. As. Soc. tir. 112 (1922); Liste Ess. Lign. Honan,
19 (1922).

Honan: Sung hsien, Shih tze miao, J. Hers, nos. 489, 573, May 26, 1919;
Teng feng hsien, Yu tai shan, alt. 800 m., J. Hers, nos. 222, QggQbis April
23 and June 17, 1919, no. 322, April 20, 1920; Tsi yuan hsien, Tien tan shan,
J. Hers, nos. 1691, 1784, 1797, September 16 and 21, 1921; Hwei hsien,
Shang lieh kiang, J. Hers, no. 725, June 17, 1919; Cheng chow, cultivated,
J. Hers, nos. 194, 195, April 24 and May 5, 1921, no. 2495, May 1, 1923.—
See also Rehder, |. c., and Hers, l. ¢

SHENSI: Lung chow, Kuan shan, alt. 2000 m., J. Hers, no. 2353, July 3,
1922 (sterile).

Amelanchier asiatica var. sinica Schneider, Ill. Handb. Laubholzk.1.736,
fig. 410 i-i', 412c—d (1906).—Wilson in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 195 (1912).—
Hers in Jour. N. China Branch R. As. Soc. Lit. 106 (1922); Liste Ess. Lign.
Honan, 3 (1922).

Amelanchier asiaticus Pritzel in Bot. Jahrb. xxrx. 389 (1900).—Hers in Jour.
oe a Branch R. As. Soc. tur. 106 (1922); Liste Ess. Lign. Honan, 3

Honan: Sung hsien, San kuan miao, alt. about 1200 m., J. Hers, nos. 503,
504, May 24, 1919, nos. 1301, 1324, September 27, 1919; Lushih, Kiao ho,
alt. 1000 m., J. Hers, no. 973, October 13, 1919; Lushih, Lao kiun shan, alt.
2000 m., J. Hers, no. 1155, September 21, 1919; Yung ning, Tsi li ping, alt.

194 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

about 1000 m., J. Hers, no. 1357, September 30, 1919; Tsi yuan hsien, Tien
tan shan, J. Hers, nos. 1730, 1895, 1896, September 21, 1921.—See also
Hers, |. c.

SHENSI: Kan y san, west of Lao y san, G. Giraldi, June 11-12, 1897; Ling
yen tan, alt. 700 m., J. Hers, no. 2445, October 11, 1922.

Disrripution: also Hupeh, Szechuan; (of the species) : Japan and Korea.

Rubus saxatilis Linnaeus, Spec. 494 (1753).—Franchet in Nouv. Arch.
Mus. Paris, sér. 2, v. 261 (Pl. David. 1. 109) (1883).—Hemsley in Jour.
Linn. Soc. xx. 237 (1887).—Limpricht, Bot. Reis. Hochgeb. Chin. Ost.-
Tib. 407 (1922).

Cui11: Hsiao Wu tai shan, F. N. Meyer, no. 1345, August 23, 1913 (Herb.
U.S. Dept. Agric.).—See also Franchet, |. c., Hemsley, 1. c., and Limpricht,
lie

DistriBuTion: also Northern Asia, Europe.

Rubus xanthocarpus Bureau & Franchet in Jour. de Bot. v. 46 (1891).—
Regel in Gartenfl. xx1. 108 (1892).—Bretschneider, Hist. Eur. Bot. Discov.
China, 1028 (1898).—Focke in Bibl. Bot. xxx1. 29 (Spec. Rub.) (1910).

Kansu: Kuan chuan, F. N. Meyer, no. 1979, October 7, 1914 (Herb. U.S.
Dept. Agric.).—See also Regel, ]. c., Bretschneider, |. c., and Focke, 1. ec.

DistriBuTION: also Szechuan.

Rubus Lambertianus Seringe in De Candolle, Prodr. 11. 567 (1825).—
Bailey, Gent. Herb. 1. 30 (1920).
Rubus Lambertianus subsp. hakonensis (Franchet & Savatier) Focke in Bot.
Jahrb. xxrx. 392 (1900); in Bibl. Bot. txx11. 70 (Spec. Rub.) (1910).
Honan: Chi kung shan (ex Bailey, |. c.).
SHENsI: G. Giraldi, no. 1080 (ex Focke, I. c. [1900]).
DistriBuTIoNn: also central and eastern China; Formosa, Japan.

Rubus corchorifolius Linnaeus fil., Suppl. 263 (1781).—Franchet in
Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, sér. 2, v. 261 (Pl. David. 1. 109) (1883).—Bailey,
Gent. Herb. 1. 30 (1920).

us corchorifolius «, typica Focke in Bot. Jahrb. xxrx. 391 (1900).

CuI: on stony soil, near Shan hai kwan, F. N. Meyer, no. 269, October,
1905 (Herb. U.S. Dept. Agric.).

Suenst: A. David (ex Franchet, |. c.) and G. Giraldi (ex Focke, |. ¢.).

Honan: Chikung shan (ex Bailey, I. c.).

DistRIBUTION: also central and eastern China; Japan.

Rubus crataegifolius Bunge in Mém. Div. Sav. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. 11.
98 (Enum. PI. Chin. Bor. 24) (1833).—Walpers, Rep. 11. 21 (1843).—Max-
imowicz in Mém. Div. Sav. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. 1x. 471 (Ind. Fl. Pekin.)
(1859); in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. xvi. 153 (1872); in Mél. Biol. vit.
383 (1872).—Hance in Jour. Bot. xm. 132 (1875); xxi. 42 (1884). —Fran-
chet in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, sér. 2, v. 261 (Pl. David. 1. 109) (1883).—
Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. xx. 230 (1887).—Bretschneider, Hist. Eur.

1924} REHDER, LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF NORTHERN CHINA, II 195

Bot. Discov. China, 333 (1898).—Loesener in Bot. Centralbl. Beih. xxxvn.
abt. 11. 133 (1919).
Rubus Davidianus Kuntze, Meth. Speciesbeschr. Rubus, 58, 77, 80 (1879).

Cut: Hsiao Wu tai shan, F. N. Meyer, no. 1356, August 28, 1913; Hsiao
Wu tai shan, Shui shih tao, alt. 1500 m., J. Hers, nos. 2152 and 2186, Octo-
ber 8, 1922; Po hua shan, J. Hers, no. 1446, July 1, 1921; Peking, western
hills, J. Hers, no. 1614, September 4, 1921; N. H. Cowdry, no. 1298”, Octo-
ber 12, 1920; Men tow kow, alt. 500 m., J. Hers, no. 2555, July 8, 1923; Pan
shan, mountain ravines, N. H. Cowdry, no. 1298", July 8, 1920; Huai lai
hsien, Yang kia ping, alt. 900 m., J. Hers, no. 2103, October 4, 1922; Chang
li, F. N. Meyer, no. 193, October, 1905; Pére Chanet, no. 56, 1919.—See also
Bunge, I. c., Maximowicz, |. c., Hance, l.c., Franchet, l.c., and Hemsley, 1.c.

SuHantuna: Chifu, among rocks, N. H. Cowdry, nos. 579 and 619, July
and August, 1920; Tai shan, J. Hers, no. 1928, June 18, 1922.—See also
Loesener, l. c.

DistrisuTiIon: also Manchuria, Korea, Japan.

I have little doubt that Kuntze’s R. Davidianus belongs here, though
Kuntze describes the fruit as white; I do not know if white-fruited forms
exist, but in some herbarium specimens before me, e. g. Faurie’s no. 6083
from Asama, Japan, and Sargent’s specimens collected September 6, 1892,
at Yumoto, Japan, the dried fruits give the impression of having been white.

Rubus pungens Cambessédes in Jacquemont, Voy. tv. 48, t.59 (1843) .—
Focke in Bot. Jahrb. xxxvi. beibl. Lxxx11. 53 (1905); in Bibl. Bot. yxxi1.
165 (Spec. Rub.) (1911).

SueEnst: Lao y shan, G. Giraldi, no. 5206 (ex Focke, |. ¢.).

DistriBuTION: also Hupeh, Yunnan; Kashmir, Punjab; Japan.

Rubus pungens var. indefensus Focke in Bot. Jahrb. xxxv1. beibl.
LxXxXxIl1. 53 (1905); in Bibl. Bot. yxx1. 165 (Spec. Rub.) (1911).

SyeEnsi: Huan tou shan, Kian shan, G. Giraldi, nos. 5203, 5204, 5205, 5207
(ex Focke, 1. c. [1905]).

DistTRiIBUTION: also Hupeh.

Rubus amabilis Focke in Bot. Jahrb. xxxv1. beibl. Lxxx11. 53 (1905); in
Bibl. Bot. yxx11. 163, fig. 70 (Spec. Rub.) (1911).

SHENsI: Tai pei shan, W. Purdom, no. 962, 1910.—See also Focke, 1. c.

DistriBuTion: also Hupeh, Szechuan.

Rubus biflorus Buchanan-Hamilton apud Smith in Rees, Cyclop. xxx.

no. 9 (1819).—Focke in Bot. Jahrb. xxxv1. beibl. Lxxx11. 397 (1905).
SHEnsI: Hua tzo pin, G. Giraldi, no. 1072 (ex Focke, |. c.).
DistTRIBUTION: also Szechuan, Yunnan; Himalayas.

Rubus pileatus Focke in Hooker’s Icon. xx. text sub t. 1952, p. 3 (1891);
in Bot. Jahrb. xxxvi. beibl. xxx. 53 (1905).

SHENsI: Kian shan, Lao y shan, G. Giraldi, no. 5224 (ex Focke, 1. c.
[1905]).

DistRIBuTION: also Hupeh, Szechuan.

196 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

Rubus lasiostylus Focke in Hooker’s Icon. xx. t. 1951 (1891).—Focke
in Bot. Jahrb. xxrx. 397 (1900).

? Honan: Lushih, Tang ho, alt. 1000 m., J. Hers, no. 960, October
11, 1919; Lushih, Lao kiun shan, alt. 2000 m., J. Hers, no. 1178, September
21, 1919 (both nos. sterile).

Suens!: Lun san huo, G. Giraldi, no. 1073 (ex Focke, |. c.).

DistTRIBUTION: also Hupeh.

As the specimens from Honan consist of sterile shoots I am not sure
if they belong here, though they agree well with corresponding material
of this species.

Rubus pedunculosus D. Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 234 (1825).
Rubus gracilis Roxburgh, Hort. Bengal. 39 (1814), nomen; Fl. Ind. ed. 2, i
519 (1832).—Focke in Bibl. Bot. uxxir. 190 (Spec. Rub.) (1911).
Rubus niveus Wallich mss. apud G. Don, Gen. Syst. m. 530 (1832).—Non
Thunbe
ubus ae Focke in Bot. Jahrb. xxrx. 397 (1900); xxxvi. beibl. xxx.
54 (1905).
Suenst: Lao y san, G. Giraldi, no. 5208 (ex Focke, |. c. [1905]).
DistrispuTion: also Hupeh, Szechuan; Himalayas

Rubus coreanus Miquel in Ann. Mus. Lugd.-Bat. m1. 34 (1867); Prol.
Fl. Jap. 222 (1867) —Focke in Bot. Jahrb. xxx. 400 (1900); xxxvt.
beibl. Lxxxir. 54 (1905).—Bailey, Gent. Herb. 1. 30 (1920).

Honan: Chi kung shan, LZ. H. Bailey, June 15, 1917 (Gray Herb.).

SHENSI: from several localities, G. Giraldi, nos. 1062, 1063, 5216, 5217
(ex Focke, |. c.).

DistRiBuTION: also Hupeh, Kiangsi; Japan.

Rubus parvifolius Linnaeus, Spec. 1197 (1753), excl. synon—Maxi-
mowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. xvm. 159 (1872); in Mél. Biol.
vill. 392 (1872).—Debeaux in Act. Soc. Linn. Bordeaux, xxx. 149 (FI.
Tché-fofi, 54) (1876).—Franchet in Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Cherbourg, xxiv.
214 (1884).—Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxi. 235 (1887).—Faber in
Denkschr. Entwickel. Kiautschou, 32 (1898).—Ito in Tokyo Bot. Mag.
xiv. 129 (1900).—Gilg & Loesener in Bot. Jahrb. xxxtv. beibl. txxv.
39 (1904).—Cowdry in Jour. N. rae Branch R. As. Soc. Li. 164 (1922).

Rubus oe, cage ee Jap. 215 (1784).—Focke in Bot. Jahrb. xxrx.
397 (1900); beibl. txxxu. 55 (1905).—Hers in Jour. N. China
anc : ats LIL. LS (19 Fr Liste Ess. Lign. Honan, 27 (1922).
Rubus hag a Bunge in Mém. Div. Sav. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. m. 98
(Enum. Pl. Chin. Bor. 20) (1s = a ne ties: in Mém. Div. Sav. Acad
Sie "St. Péter sb. 1x. (Ind. he Pekin.) (1859). —Bretschneider, Hist.
cov. China, 38 (1898).
Rabie triphylls var. (subspec.?) purpureus Focke in Bibl. Bot. Lxx1. 187
(Spec. Rub.) (191 yas ptt in Bot. Centralbl. Beih. xxxvitr. abt. 1.
133 (191 ys

Cuix1: Without precise locality, Pére Chanet, no. 99, 1919.—See also
Maximowicz, |. c. (1872), Hemsley, |. ¢., Cowdry, |. c., Bunge, 1. c., Maxi-
mowicz, |. c. (1859), and Bretschneider, 1. c.

1924] REHDER, LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF NORTHERN CHINA, II 197

SHantunG: Tsing tau, R. Zimmermann, no. 185, 1901 (Gray Herb.);
Chifu, Com. Wykeham Perry, 1881-84 (Gray Herb.); among rocks on
hills, N. H. Cowdry, no. 520, July, 1920.—See also Debeaux, |. c., Franchet,
l. c., Faber, 1. c., Ito, 1. c., Gilg & Loesener, |. c., and Loesener, |. c.

Honan: Hwei hsien, Pai yun sze, J. Hers, no. 787, June 15, 1919;
Yung ning, Tsi li ping, J. Hers, no. 479, May 22, 1919; Yung ning, She
pa pan, alt. 800 m., J. Hers, no. 845, October 7, 1919; Yung ning, Chuan
pao shan, alt. 1500 m., J. Hers, no. 1108, October 17, 1919; Shan chow,
Tsai yuan, alt. 500, J. Hers, no. 816, October 3, 1919; Tsi yuan hsien,
Tien tan shan, J. Hers, nos. 1690, 1726, September 16 and 22, 1921;
Chung chow, introduced from the hills, J. Hers, no. 2510, June 1, 1923.—
See also Hers, |. c.

Suanst: Lien ma, F. N. Meyer, no. 1706, July 19, 1914 (Herb. U. 5S.
Dept. Agric.).

SuEnsI: several localities, G. Giraldi (ex Focke, 1. c. [1900 and 1905}).

DistripuTion: from Manchuria, Korea and Japan to Kwangtung,
Szechuan, Yunnan and the Himalayas.

Rubus Sweginzowianus Focke in Bibl. Bot. txx1. 188 (Spec. Rub.)
(1911).

? Kansu: ex Focke, |. c.

Cultivated by Max van Sievers, Roemershof, Livonia, and supposed
to have been introduced from Kansu. See also note under Rosa Sweginzo-
wit on p. 207.

Rubus adenochlamys Focke in Bibl. Bot. xxx11. 191 (Spec. Rub.) (1911).
Rubus triphyllus var. adenochlamys Focke in Bot. Jahrb. xxxv1. beibl. LxxxII.
55 (1905).

SuEns!: several localities, G. Giraldi (ex Focke, |. c.).

Rubus phoenicolasius Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb.
xvul. 160 (1872); Mél. Biol. vist. 393 (1872).—Hemsley in Jour. Linn.
Soc. xxu. 235 (1887).—Focke in Bot. Jahrb. xx1x. 400 (1900); xxxvI.
beibl. txxxu1. 55 (1905).—Loesener in Bot. Centralbl. Beih. xxxvi. abt.
11. 133 (1919).

Suantuna: Lau shan, A. Engler, no. 6988 (ex Loesener, |. c.).

Honan: Lushih, Hiung eul shan, alt. 1400 m., J. Hers, no. 880, October
10, 1919 (sterile).

Suenst: Tai pei shan, W. Purdom, no. 961, 1910.—See also Focke, l.c.

Kawnsu: south of Hoang ho, P. J. Piasezki (ex Hemsley, 1. c.).

DistTRIBUTION: also Japan.

Rubus flosculosus Focke in Hooker’s Icon. xx. in textu ad t. 1952, p.
3 (1891); in Bot. Jahrb. xxrx. 401 (1900); xxxvi. beibl. Lxxxu. 54
(1905).—Hers in Jour. N. China Branch R. As. Soc. tu. 115 (1922);
Liste Ess. Lign. Honan, 27 (1922).

Honan: Hwei hsien, Shansi border, J. Hers, no. 806, June 19, 1919:

198 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

Sung hsien, San kuan miao, alt. 1000 m., J. Hers, no. 1803, September 27,
1919.—See also Hers, |. c.
SHENSI: several localities, G. Giraldi (ex Focke, 1. c.).
DistriBuTION: also Hupeh.

Rubus Giraldianus Focke in Bot. Jahrb. xxtx. 401 (1900); in Bibl.
Bot. uxx1. 195 (Spec. Rub.) (1911).
Rubus flosculosus f. laxiflorus Focke in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 55 (1911).
SHENSI: Tue lian pin, G. Giraldi, no. 1070 (ex Focke, I. c.).
DistriBuTion: also Szechuan.

Rubus innominatus S. Moore in Jour. Bot. x1. 226 (1875).—Focke
in Bot. Jahrb. xxrx. 400 (1900).

Sensi: Lun shan huo, G. Giraldi, no. 1077 (ex Focke, 1. ¢.).

DistRIBUTION: also Kiangsi, Hupeh, Szechuan, Yunnan.

Rubus piluliferus Focke in Bot. Jahrb. xxxvu. beibl. yxxx1r. 55 (1905);
in Bibl. Bot. txxu. 203 (Spec. Rub.) (1911).
SHENsI: Kin qua san, G. Giraldi, no. 5222 (ex Focke, 1. ¢.).

Rubus lachnocarpus Focke in Bot. Jahrb. xxxvt. beibl. txxxmr. 56
(1905); in Bibl. Bot. uxxir. 204 (Spec. Rub.) (1911).
SuEnsi: Ngo shan, G. Giraldi, no. 5215 (ex Focke, 1. c.).

Rubus mesogaeus Focke in Bot. Jahrb. xxrx. 399 (1900); xxxvr. beibl.
LXXxiI. 55 (1905).—Hers in Jour. N. China Branch R. As. Soc. tut. 115
(1922); Liste Ess. Lign. Honan, 27 (1922).

Honan: Teng feng, Yu tai shan, alt. about 800 m., J. Hers, no. 289, June
17, 1919; Yung ning, Tsi li ping, J. Hers, no. 480, May 22, 1919: Yung ning,
Chuan pao shan, alt. 1500 m., J. Hers, no. 1112, October 17, 1919; Lushih,
Hiung eul shan, alt. 1400 m., J. Hers, no. 897, October 10, 1919; Lushib,
Kiao ho, alt. 1000 m., J. Hers, no. 975, October 13, 1919; Lushih, Lao
kiun shan, alt. 2000 m., J. Hers, no. 1222, September 21, 1919; Sung
hsien, Shih tze miao, alt. 1200 m., J. Hers, no. 1243, September 25, 1919;
without precise locality, J. Hers, no. 125, 1919.—See also Hers, |. c.

SHENsI: Tai pei shan, W. Purdom, no. 963, 1910.—See also Focke,
<t

DistripuTion: also Hupeh, Szechuan, Yunnan.

Rubus mesogaeus var. oxycomus Focke in Bot. Jahrb. xx1x. 399
(1900); xxxvi. beibl. txxxi. 56 (1905).

SHENSI: Tue lian pin and Ki fon shan, G. Giraldi, nos. 1076 and 5219
(ex Focke, 1. c.).

Rubus idaeus Linnaeus, Spec. 492 (1753).

Cuiui: Hsiao Wu tai shan, alt. 1800-2600 m., F. N. M eyer, no. 1205,
August 12, 1913; J. Hers, no. 1536, July 14, 1921; N. H. Cowdry, no.
1659, July 13, 1921; Hsiao Wu tai shan, Tieh ling sze, alt. 1300 m., J.
Hers, no. 2121, October 7, 1922.

1924] REHDER, LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF NORTHERN CHINA, II 199

Suansti: Wu chai hsien, Ta nan kow, alt. 2000-3000 m., Tchuang Kieh,
Hers no. 2016, September 7, 1922.

DistrisuTion: also Europe, Northern Asia.

The specimens cited above do not seem to differ from typical R. Idaeus;
of R. idaeus var. strigosus which occurs in Manchuria, Korea and Japan,
I have seen no specimen from northern China and I have found no record
except the following.

Rubus idaeus 8. strigosus Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb.
xvu. 161 (1872); in Mél. Biol. vit. 394 (1872).—Palibin in Act. Hort.
Petrop. xiv. 116 (1895).

Cui: Weichang (ex Palibin, I. c.).

DistrisuTion: Manchuria, Korea, Japan; also in North America.

Rubus acuminatissimus Hasskarl ? var. kansuensis Kanitz in Szechenyi,
Keletazs. Utjdn. Tudom. Ered. 11. 847 (Pl. Enum. 21) (1891); in Szechenyi,
Wiss. Ergeb. Reise Ostas. 11. 697 (1898).

Kansv: “inter Wej-ho et Tsing-tchou,”’ no. 155 (ex Kanitz, 1. c.).

This plant referred by Kanitz to the Javanese R. acuminatissimus I
am unable to place; it is not at all probable that a Kansu plant belongs
to a Javanese species and therefore I cannot consider Kanitz’s determina-
tion as correct. I have seen no specimen of R. acuminatissimus Hasskarl,
but judging from the description I do not think it impossible that Kanitz
had a specimen of R. zanthocarpus Bur. & Franch. before him.

There are three specimens collected by Hers, nos. 635, 1536 and 2714,
the first with young flower-buds, the others sterile, which are too incomplete
for determination.

Potentilla fruticosa Linnaeus, Spec. 495 (1753).—Franchet in Nouv.
Arch. Mus. Paris, sér. 2, v. 262 (Pl. David. 1. 110) (1883).—Hemsley in
Jour. Linn. Soc. xxur. 243 (1887).—Kanitz in Szechenyi, Keletazs.
Utjan. Tudom. Ered. 1. 809 (Pl. Enum. 21) (1891); in Szechenyi, Wiss.
Ergeb. Reise Ostas. 1. 732 (1898).—Palibin in Act. Hort. Petrop. xiv.
117 (1895).—Pritzel in Bot. Jahrb. xxrx. 402 (1900); xxxv1. beibl. Lxxx11.
56 (1905).—Rehder & Wilson in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 11. 301 (1915).—
Limpricht, Bot. Reis. Hochgeb. Chin. Ost-Tib. 407 (1922).

Cuit1: Weichang, W. Purdom, no. 127, 1909.—See also Franchet, |. c.,
Hemsley, |. c., Palibin, 1. c., Rehder & Wilson, 1. c., and Limpricht, |. c.

SHENSI: several localities, G. Giraldi (ex Pritzel, 1. c.).

Kansv: ex Kanitz, l. c.

DistriBuTIoN: northern and central Asia, Europe, North America.

It is doubtful if typical P. fruticosa occurs in northern China. The
only specimen cited above has the glabrate leaves of var. davurica but
the shape of the outer sepals is too narrow and the color of the flowers
is not recognizable with certainty.

The specimens enumerated under P. fruticosa by the authors quoted
above are probably referable to different varieties.

200 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vVoL. v

Potentilla fruticosa var. parvifolia Wolf in Bibl. Bot. xv1. 58 (Monog.
Potent.) (1908).—Rehder & Wilson in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 11. 304 (1915).
Potentilla fruticosa ochreata Hooker f., Fl. Brit. ee . - 7 clk —

Kanitz in Szecher Keletazs. Utjan. Tudom Ered. 09 (PI. m.
21) (1891); in aac. Wiss. Ergeb. Reise Ostas. I. a (1898). eva
Lehma

Kansu: Min chow and Choni districts, alt. 3000-3300 m., W. Purdom,
no. $21, 1910 (plants raised from seeds sent under no. 821*** are growing
at the Arnold Arboretum).—See also Rehder & Wilson, 1. ¢., and Kanitz,

. Cc.
Disrripution: also Siberia, Central Asia and Himalayas.

Potentilla fruticosa var. mandshurica Maximowicz in Bull. Acad.

Sei. St. Pétersb. xrx. 164 (1874); in Mél. Biol. vir. 158 Se -
Potentilla davurica var. mandshurica Wolf in Bibl. Bot. 1 (Monog.
tc (1908).—Limpricht, Bot. Reis. Hochgeb. Chin, ‘Ost -Tib. 407

SHanst: Da dung fu (ex Limpricht, 1. c.).

DistriBuTion: also Szechuan; Manchuria.

Potentilla fruticosa var. davurica Lehmann, Monog. Potent. 32 (1820).

Potentilla davurica Nestler, Monog. Potent. 31, tab. 1 — Teg in
Act. ey rt. Petrop. xiv. 117 (1895).—Farrer i in Jour. Roy t. Soc. Xi.
916). —Limpricht, Bot. Reis. Hochgeb. Chin. Ost. ib. “107 (1922).
= ntilla fruticosa var. Veitchii Rehder & Wilson in Sargent, a Wilson.
1. 303 ( , pro parte, quoad plantas e China bor

Geary: Hsiao Wu tai shan, alt. 3000 m., F. N. Meyer, no. 1176 (108),
August 12, 1913; J. Hers, no. 1540, July 14, 1921.—See also Palibin, 1. ¢.,
Limpricht, 1. c., and Rehder & Wilson, 1. ec.

Suanst: Da Wu tai shan (ex Limpricht, 1. c.).

SHENSI: Tai pei shan, mountain slopes up to alt. 3300 m., W. Purdom,
nos. 396, 396", 396™*, 1910.— See also Limpricht, |. ¢c., and Rehder &
Wilson, |. ec.

Kansu: Valley of Tow River, alt. 3000-3300 m., W. Purdom, no. 819,
1910.—See also Rehder & Wilson, |. ¢., and Farrer, |. ¢

DistriBuTIoNn: also Hupeh, Szechuan, Yunnan; Transbaicalia, Man-
churia.

This variety is very closely related to var. Veitchii (Wils.) Bean and
seems gradually to pass into it by intermediate forms. Var. davurica
is chiefly characterized by rather small glabrous or glabrate leaves dark
green above, glaucescent beneath and without conspicuous lateral veins,
by the broad and short outer sepals and the conspicuous tuft of white
hairs at the end of the stipules, while var. Veitchii has larger leaves more
or less furnished with long silky hairs on both sides, dull green above
and lighter green and with rather prominent lateral veins beneath, the
outer sepals usually about as long as the inner sepals, and it is generally
a taller more vigorous plant.

aaa eriocarpa Wallich, Cat. Pl. Ind. Or. 28, no. 1012 (1828),
nomen.—Hooker fil., Fl. Brit. Ind. 1. 348 (1879).—Pritzel in Bot. Jahrb.
XxIx. 403 (1900).

1924] REHDER, LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF NORTHERN CHINA, II 201

SHEns!: Tai pei shan, G. Giraldi, nos. 1003, 1683 (ex Pritzel, 1. c.).
DistrIBuTIon: also Himalayas.

a multiflora Thunberg, Fl. Jap. 214 (1784).—Hemsley in Jour.
Linn. Soc. xxim. 253 (1887), pro parte.—Ito in Tokyo Bot. ag XIV.
133 (1900) —Gilg in Bot. Jahrb. xxxiv. beibl. yxxv. 40 (1904).

Rosa multiflora var. adenophora Franchet in psi Soe. Sci. Nat. Cherbourg,
xxiv. 216 (1884).—Non Franchet & Sav
nue Ror Thunb. var. Dingler in Bot. “Centralbl Beih. xxxvul. abt. 11.

bea: Chifu, ravines in hills, N. H. Cowdry, no. 576, July, 1920.—
See also Hemsley, I. c., Gilg, 1]. c., Franchet, 1. c., Ito, 1. c., and Dingler, |. ¢.
Cowdry’s specimen is in young fruit but as Gilg states that the flowers
are white, the Shantung plant apparently represents typical R. multiflora,

Rosa multiflora Thunb. var. cathayensis Rehder & Wilson in Sargent,
Pl. Wilson. 11. 304 (1915).—F. N. Meyer in U. S. Dept. Agric. Bur. PI.
Indust. Invent. Seeds Pl. Imp. xu. 33, no. 38823 (1917).—Hers in Jour.
N. China Branch R. As. Soc. tim. 115 (1922); Liste Ess. Lign. Honan, 26
(1922).

Rosa stig Bunge in Mém. Div. Sav. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. 1. 100
Enum. Pl. Chin. Bor. 26) ‘(1833).—Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxm1.
253 aon pro parte. —Crépin in Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1897, 230.—Non
Thunberg.

Rosa cathayensis Bailey, Gent. Herb. 1. 29 (1920).

Honan: Chang mao, J. Hers, no. 45, May 10, 1919; Sia shih, J. Hers,
no. 343, May 25, 1921; Yung ning, Tsi li ping, J. Hers, nos. 451, 482,
May 22, 1919; Yung ning, Yo tze ping, alt. 1000 m., J. Hers, no. 829,
October 4, 1919; Lushih, Ta she ho, J. Hers, no. 998, October 13, 1919;
Sung hsien, San kuan miao, alt. 1000 m., J. Hers, no. 1296, September 27,
1919; Tsi yuan hsien, Tien tan shan, J. Hers, no. 1740, September 21,
1921; Tsi yuan hsien, alt. 500 m., J. Hers, no. 2672, August 23, 1923;
Chi kung shan, L. H. Bailey, June 14, 1917; Cheng chow, planted, J.
Hers, no. 1979, August 22, 1922; from a plant introduced from the hills,
J. Hers, nos. 2582, 2583, August 2, 1923.—See also Hers, |. c., and Bailey,

c.

NortrHEern Kianesu: without precise locality, J. Hers, no. 1038.

SHENsI: Tai pei shan, W. Purdom, no. 964, 1910.—See also Crépin,
]. c., and F. N. Meyer, l. c.

Kansu: without precise locality, W. Purdom, no. 536 (seeds only;
plants growing in the Arnold Arboretum).—See also Rehder & Wilson,
.¢.

DistRiIBUuTION: also Chekiang, Fokien, Kiangsi, Hunan, Hupeh, Sze-
chuan, Yunnan.

Rosa multiflora var. carnea Thory in Redouté, Roses, 11. 67, t. (1821).—
Rehder & Wilson in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. m. 305 (1915).
Rosa sp. F. N. Meyer in U. S. Dept. Agric. Bur. Pl. Indust. Invent. Seeds
P]. Imp. xv. 58, no. 23035 (1909).

202 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

Cui: Tientsin, F. N. Meyer, no. 697, April 3, 1908 (cuttings or seeds
only; plants growing in Chico, Calif. [Herb. U. S. Dept. Agric.]).—See
also F. N. Meyer, 1. ¢

Honan: Cheng chow, cultivated, J. Hers, no. 2511, June 1, 1923.

DisrriBuTtion: also cultivated in other provinces of China.

Rosa multiflora var. Praegeri Dingler in Bot. Centralbl. Beih. xxxvu.
abt. 11. 135, tab. 6a (1919)

SHANTUNG: Litsun valley, Praeger (ex Dingler, 1. c.).

According to the description it differs from var. cathayensis chiefly in
its smaller broad and obtuse leaflets pubescent on both sides, in the white
flowers and in its prostrate habit.

Rosa Rubus Léveillé & Vaniot in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, tv. 55 (1908).
Rosa moschata var. micrantha Crépin in Bull. Soe. Bot. Ste xvul. 302 (Prim.
Monog. Ros 548) (1879); in Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1897, 231.
SHENsI: Niu pei shan, alt. 700 m., J. Hers, no. 2456, October 11, 1922.—
See also Crépin, 1. c.
Hers’ no. 2456 which is in ripe fruit differs from the typical form in its
somewhat less pubescent and less coarsely serrate leaflets with the veins
more prominent beneath.

Rosa moschata Miller, Dict. ed. 8, no. 13 (1768).—Dingler in Bot.
Centralbl. Beih. xxxvir. abt. mu. 135 (1919).

SHANTUNG: Litsun, alt. 300 m., M. Du Bois-Raymond, no. 203 (ex
Dingler, |. c.).

The plant certainly does not belong to the true R. moschata, but may
possibly be R. Gentiliana Léveillé & Vaniot, the type of which came
from Kiangsu.

Rosa Maximowicziana Regel in Act. Hort. Petrop. v. 378 (1877).—
Cowdry in Jour. N. China Branch R. As. Soc. ti. 164 (Pl. Peitaiho)
(1922)

Curt: Pei tai ho, banks and rocks (ex Cowdry, |. ¢.).

DistriBuTion: also Manchuria, Korea.

Rosa Wichuraiana Crépin in Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. xxv. 189 (1886).—
Rehder & Wilson in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 335 (1915).

Rosa Luciae v r. poteriifolia Franchet & Savatier, Enum. Pl. Jap. mu. 345
(1879). —Crépin in Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. xvi. 286 (Prim. Monog. Ros.
532) (1879).

SHantuna: Chifu, H. Wawra (ex Crépin, |. c. [1879]).
DistriBuTION: also Kwangtung, Kwangsi; Korea, Japan, Formosa.

Rosa microcarpa Lindley, Monog. Ros. 130, t. 18 (1820).—Crépin in
Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. xiv. 164 (Prim. Monog. Ros. 368) (1875).—Franchet
in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, sér. 2, v. 270 (Pl. David. 1. 118 ) (1883).

? SHensi: A. David (ex Crépin, |. c.).

Distrripution: Chekiang, Fokien, Kiangsi, Hupeh, Szechuan, Kweichou.

1924] REHDER, LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF NORTHERN CHINA, II 203

Crépin says that David’s specimens he saw were without locality,
but that they probably were collected in Shensi. Franchet (I. c.) states
that he did not find the specimens referred to by Crépin in the collections
of the Museum.

Rosa Banksiae Aiton, Hort. Kew. ed. 2, mr. 258 (1811).—Dingler in
Bot. Centralbl. Beih. xxxvit. abt. 1. 135 (1919).—Hers in Jour. N. China
Branch R. As. Soc. ti. 115 (1922); Liste Ess. Lign. Honan, 26 (1922).

SHANTUNG: Tsimo, ? cultivated (ex Dingler, |. c.).

Honan: cultivated (ex Hers, |. c.).

DistRiIBUTION: also cultivated in other provinces of China and in
Japan.

Rosa Banksiae var. normalis Regel, Tent. Ros. Monog. 91 (1877); in
Act. Hort. Petrop. v. 376 (1878).—F. N. Meyer in U. 5. Dept. Agric.
Bur. Pl. Indust. Invent. Seeds Pl. Imp. xxi. 77, no. 40768 (1918).

366) (1875); in Bull. Bot Soc. Ital. 1897, 231.—Franchet in Nouy. Arch.
Mus. Paris, sér. 2, v. 267 (Pl. David. 1. 115) (1883).—Hemsley in Jour.
Linn. Soe. xm. 548 (1887).—Farrer in Jour. Roy. Hort. Soc. xii1. 107
(1916).—Non Aiton.
SHEnsi: A. David (ex Crépin, 1. c. [1875], Franchet, |. c., and Hemsley,
1. c.); several localities, G. Giraldi (ex Crépin, |. c. [1897]).
Kansu: near Cheng hsien, F. N. Meyer, no. 1960, September 30, 1914
(Herb. U. S. Dept. Agric.); Feng shan ling (ex Farrer, |. c.).
DistriBuTION: also Hupeh, Szechuan and Yunnan.

Rosa Roxburghii Tratt. f. normalis Rehder & Wilson in Sargent, PI.
Wilson. 0. 319 (1915
Rosa microphylla Crépin in Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1897, 234.—Non Desfontaines,
vix Roxburgh.
SueEnsi: Ko lu pas, G. Giraldi, nos. 23, 27 (ex Crépin, |. c.).
DistRIBUTION (including varieties): also Hupeh, Szechuan, Kweichou,
Yunnan; Japan.

Rosa chinensis Jacquin, Obs. Bot. 11. es t. 55 (1768).
Rosa indica Loureiro, Fl. Cochinch. 323 (1790).—Bunge in Mém v. Sav
ead. Sci. St. Pétersb. 1. 100 (Enum. Pl. Chin. Bor. 26) (1 833). mah tia

in Szechenyi, Keletazs. Utjan. aiden. Ered. 11. 810 (Pl. Enum. 22) (1891);
in Szechenyi, Wiss. Ergeb. Reise Ostas. 1. 698 (189 game a Bull.
Soc. Bot. Ital. 1897, 231.—Ito in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xiv. 00).—
Hers in Jour. N. China Branch R. As. Soc. tur. 115 (i922); ae Ess.
Lign. Honan, 26 (1922).—Non Linnaeus

CHILI: ated (ex Bunge, I. c.).

SHANTUNG: cultivated (ex Ito, l. c.).

Honan: cultivated (ex Hers, l. c.).

SHENSI: cultivated (ex Crépin, 1. c.).

Kansu: cultivated (ex Kanitz, l. c.).

DistrisvuTion: also cultivated in other Chinese provinces; the spontane-

ous form with single flowers occurs in Szechuan and Hupeh

204 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

Rosa rugosa Thunberg, Fl. Jap. 213 (1784).—Bunge in Mém. Div.
Sav. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. 11. 100 (Enum. PI. Chin. Bor. 26) (1833).—
Franchet in Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Cherbourg, xx1v. 214 (1884).—Hemsley
in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxim. 253 (1887).—Faber in Denkschr. Entwickel.
Kiautschou, 32 (1898).—Ito in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xiv. 133 (1900).—Gilg.
in Bot. Jahrb. xxxiv. beibl. txxv. 40 (1904).—Hers in Jour. N. China
Branch R. As. Soc. tit. 115 (1922); Liste Ess. Lign. Honan, 26 (1922).

~ Ar B. ferox C. A. Meyer in Mém. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. sér. 6,
2 (Ueber ieee ) (1847) —Dingler i in Bot. Centralbl. Beih. xxxvit.
Mey 11. 136 (1919).
Rosa rugosa f. hae Maximowicz apud Debeaux in Act. Soc. Linn.
ordeaux, XX 152 (Fl. Tché-fod, 57) (1876)

baa ie me Bunge, |. ¢c., and Hemsley, l. c.).

SHANTUNG: Chifu, roadsides, N. H. Cowdry, no. 578, July 5, 1920
(sterile).—See also Franchet, |. c., Hemsley, 1. c., Faber, |. c., Ito, 1. ¢.,
Gilg, |. ¢., Dingler, 1. ¢., and Debeaux, 1. ¢.

Honan: cultivated (ex Hers, |. c.).

Distripution: also Manchuria, Kamchatka, Korea, Japan.

This Rose seems to occur spontaneously only in Shantung; the culti-
vated plants recorded from Chili and Honan probably belong to the
double-flowered form of var. Chamissoniana.

Rosa rugosa var. Chamissoniana C. A. Meyer in Mém. Acad. Sci. St.
Pétersb. sér. 6, v1. 34 (Ueber Zimmtros.) (1847).—Dingler in Bot. Cen-
tralbl. Beih. xxxvu. abt. m1. 136 (1919)

SHantuna: Chifu, roadsides, N. H. Cowdry, no. 577, July, 1920
(sterile).—See also Dingler, 1. c.

DistRIBUTION: also Kamchatka.

Rosa rugosa var. ara setae f. rubro-plena, comb.
Rosa rugosa var. floribus plenis Franchet in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, sér. 2,
v. 268 (PI. eee I. 118) (1883).
Rosa rugosa var. aera rn occas & Wilson in Sargent, Pl. Wilson.
1. 3821 (1915).—Vix C.
osa rugosa var. he hcis Relay i in Bailey, Stand. Cycl. Hort. v. 2992
(1916).

Cutt: Peking, cultivated (ex Franchet, 1. c.).

DistRiBuTION: cultivated and escaped from .cultivation in Hupeh;
also cultivated in other provinces of China; probably the cultivated
plants enumerated under R. rugosa belong here.

Rosa davurica Pallas, Fl. Ross. 1. pt. 2, 61 (1788).—Crépin in Bull.
Soc. Bot. Belg. xiv. 33, 38 (Prim. Ros. eae 327, 332) (1875). peat
in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, sér. 2, v. 268 (Pl. David. 1. 116) (1883).—
Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxi. on (1887).—Rehder & Wilson in
Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 11. 340 (1915)

Cuiii: west of Weichang, W. Purdom, no. 107, 1910; near San tung
ying, stony places, F. N. Meyer, no. 973, May 31, 1913; Hsiao Wu tai shan,
F. N. Meyer, no. 1240 (105), August 20, 1913; J. Hers, no. 1503, July 14,

1924] REHDER, LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF NORTHERN CHINA, II 205

1921.—See also Crépin, |. c., Franchet, 1. c., Hemsley, |. c., and Rehder &
Wilson, I. c
DistrisuTion: also Dahuria, Mongolia, Korea.

Rosa banksiopsis Baker in Willmott, Gen. Rosa, u. 503 (1914).—
Rehder & Wilson in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 322 (1915).—Hers in Jour.
N. China Branch R. As. Soc. Lim. 115 (1922); Liste Ess. Lign. Honan,
26 (1922).

? Rosa macrophylla Crépin in Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1897, 231; ? pro parte.—
on Lindley.

Honan: Teng feng hsien, Yu tai shan, alt. 800 m., J. Hers, nos. 238,
238", April 23, 1919, no. 2783, September 27, 1923.—See also Hers, I. c.

SueEnst!: “Kin tan san,” G. Grraldi, July 14, 1897; Moutan shan, north-
west of Han cheng hsien, alt. 1500 m., W. Purdom, no. 366, May 29,
1910; valley leading to Tai pei shan, alt. 2300 m., W. Purdom, no. 424,
July 1, 1910; Tai pei shan, W. Purdom, no. 1119, 1910.—See also Crépin,
l. c., and Rehder & Wilson, I. ec.

DistrisuTion: also Hupeh, Szechuan.

The specimens from the Yu tai shan, Honan, differ from typical R.
banksiopsis in the suborbicular to broad-ovate leaflets not exceeding 1.5
cm. in length, in the few-flowered corymbs and in the very short
pedicels, and resemble in these characters R. Giraldii Crép., but they
have the large broad bracts, glabrous inflorescence and the texture and
color of the leaves of R. banksiopsis. Purdom’s no. 1119 is a peculiar appar-
ently abnormal form with an extremely large and loose inflorescence
measuring about 20 cm. in diameter.

Rosa Davidii Nal in Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. xu. 253 (Prim. Ros.
Monog. 260) (1874).
ANsu: Tsing shui hsien, Tsao chuan pu, alt. 1500 m., J. Hers, no.
2403, July 10, 1922.
DistriBuTIoN: also Szechuan.
The Kansu specimen resembles in the rather dense pubescence of the
sepals, calyx-tube and pedicels Wilson’s no. 3585 from Wa-shan, Szechuan.

Rosa acicularis Lindley, Monog. Ros. 44, t. 8 (1820).—Hemsley in
Jour. Linn. Soc. xxi. 248 (1887)

Cutt: Hsiao Wu tai shan, alt. 3000 m., F. N. Meyer, no. 1365, August
29, 1913 (Herb. U. S. Dept. Agric.).—See also Hemsley, I. c.

DIstRIBUTION: northern Europe and northern Asia to Korea; also
North America.

Meyer’s no. 1365 is the only specimen of this widely distributed and
variable Rose I have seen from China; its stem and branchlets are densely
bristly; the leaves are 5-foliolate with the leaflets gland-dotted and glabrous
beneath except scattered villose hairs on the midrib; the solitary sub-
globose to globose-ovoid fruits are borne on glabrous pedicels about 1
em. long.

206 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

Rosa bella Rehder & Wilson in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 11. 341 (1915).

? Rosa macrophylla 8. hyp — Sia in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, sér.
le 7 (PI. ness 15) (18

Ros . F. N. Meyer in U. ry oor ‘Agric. Invent. Seeds Pl. Imp. xxxvit.
75, 1 aa. 36857, 36858 (1916).

Rosa Sweginzowti Hers in Jour. N. China a R. As. Soc. tu. 115 (1922);
Liste Ess. Lign. Honan, 26 (1922).—Non Koehne.

Cui: Po hua shan, J. ae. nos. ee iL. July 1 and September 9,
1921; alt. 1000-2000 m., J. Hers, no. 2233, October 12, 1922; Hsiao Wu
tai shan, alt. 1600 m., FP’. N. Meyer, nos. 1239 and 1256, August 20 and 21,
1913; J. Hers, no. 1486, July 14, 1921; Hsiao Wu tai shan, Tieh ling sze,
alt. 1800 m., J. Hers, nos. 2122, 2130, October 7, 1922; Kalgan, N. H.
Cowdry, no, 1974, August 30, 1921; without precise locality, Pére Chanet,
nos. 10, 38, 1918. .. and Meyer, l. c¢.

Honan: Lushih, Lao kiun shan, alt. 2000 m,. J. Hers, no. 1162, Sep-
tember 21, 1919; Lushih, Hiung eul shan, alt. 1400 m., J. Hers, no. 896,
October 10, 1919; Tsi yuan hsien, Tien tan shan, J. Hers, no. 1812, Sep-
tember 21, 1921.—See also Hers, |. c.

SHAnsi: Wu chai hsien, Ta nan kow, alt. 2000-3000 m., Tchuang Kieh,
Hers no. 2001, September 7, 1922; Wu tai shan, alt. 1600 m., J. Hers, no.
2617, July 29, 1923; Nan fang shan, common between 2000 and 3000 m.,
flowers dark red, J. Hers, no. 2717, September 22-30, 1923.

SuHENs!I: Lung chow, Li kia po, alt. 1400 m., J. Hers, no. 2385, July 4,
1922,

This species seems to be the most common and most widely distributed
Rose in northeastern China. Most specimens differ from the type in the
pubescent midrib of the underside of the leaves, but otherwise they agree
with it. The specimen from Shensi has the leaves densely grayish pubes-
cent beneath and slightly pubescent above and represents probably a
distinct form, if not a different species. In the short pedicels which
like the calyx-tube are densely stipitate-glandular and glandular-setose,
R. bella resembles R. Sweginzowii Koehne, but the leaves are simply
serrate and the sepals entire. From R. acicularis Lindl. it differs in the
smaller more numerous leaflets glaucescent beneath and in the short-
pedicelled usually clustered flowers and the densely glandular-stipitate
pedicel and calyx-tube; by the last named character it also differs from
R. Moyesii Hemsl. & Wils. which besides has more numerous, more acute
and rather finely serrate leaflets.

Rosa bella f. pallens Rehder & Wilson in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 11. 342
(1915

This form with pale rose flowers was raised from the same seed as the
type and probably occurs with the red-flowered type in other localities.

Rosa bella var. mongolica, comb.
Rosa macrophylla «. mongolica F paraieea in n Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, sér. 2,
267 (Pl. David. 1. 115) (1883).
Rosa macrophylla Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxi. 251 (1887), quoad speci-
Davidii.—Non dley

1924] REHDER, LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF NORTHERN CHINA, II 207

Cui: Kalgan, on Mt. Gulick, VN. H. Cowdry, no. 1843, July 7, 1921;
Po hua shan (“Ipe hoa chan’’), A. David, no. 2248 (ex Franchet, 1. ¢.).

This Rose differs at the first glance strikingly from typical R. bella in
its very small] leaflets pubescent beneath and occasionally 11 in number,
but in Meyer’s no. 1239 from Hsiao Wu tai shan part of the leaves on one
of the branches have the leaflets as small and pubescent beneath, though
they are never more than 9-foliolate, and Cowdry’s no. 1974 from Kalgan
has also rather small leaflets 1-2 em. long, Cowdry’s no. 1843 agrees well
with Franchet’s description but the leaflets can hardly be called doubly
serrate, though the teeth have occasionally on some leaves more often
than on others a minute tooth on one side.

Rosa Sweginzowii Koehne in Fedde, Rep. Spec. ae vir. 22 (1910).—
Rehder & Wilson in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 11. 324 (1915).

SueEnsi: Lung chow, Li kia po, alt. 1400 m., J. Hers, no. 2384, July 4,
1922.

Kansu: Min chow district, alt. 3000 m., W. Purdom, no. 1059, 1910;
without precise locality, W. Purdom, no. 1143, 1910.—See also Rehder
& Wilson, |. c.

DistRiBuTION: also Szechuan.

The original description of this species was based on cultivated plants
raised from seed supposed to have been collected in Kansu; the subsequent
discovery of the plant in Kansu shows that this supposition was correct.

Rosa Biondii Crépin in Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1897, 233.

SHENsI: “‘Gniu-ju,”’ G. Giraldi, no. 47 (ex Crépin, |. c.).

Kansu: Min chow, alt. 2600 m., W. Purdom, no. 1144, 1910.

I refer Purdom’s material with some doubt to R. Biondii of which I have
seen no specimen; it agrees fairly well with Crépin’s description although
the bracts at the base of the pedicels are rather narrow, not “‘trés dilatées”’
as described by Crépin, and the number of leaflets is 7 or 9, very rarely
5, not 5 or 7. In the narrow stipules it agrees with R. Murielae Rehder &
Wilson, but that species has more numerous and smaller leaflets and an
inflorescence of usually several flowers.

Possibly identical with one of the four preceding species and probably
with R. bella is the undescribed R. Przewalskii Regel ined. apud Bret-
schneider (Hist. Eur. Bot. Discov. China, 975, 1053 [1898], nomen) col-
lected by Przewalski in 1880 on the Djakhar Mountain, south of Kui
te, Kansu, and by Bretschneider on the Peking mountains. According
to Bretschneider there is a note by Crépin on the label stating that it
seems a form of R. macrophylla Lindl.

Rosa Giraldii Crépin in Bull. Soc. at Ital. 1897, 232.—Rehder & Wilson
in janice Pl. Wilson. 11. 328 (1915).

Suenst: “Monte Kan-y-san ad ovest del Lao-y-san,”’ G. Giraldi, June
11-12, cee .—See also Crépin, |. c., and Rehder & Wilson, 1. c.

DisTRIBUTION (including varieties): also Hupeh, Szechuan.

208 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

Rosa Prattii Hemsley i in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxrx. 307, fig. 30 (1892).

Suensi: Tai pei shan, W. Purdom, no. 1124, 1910.

DistriBuTiIon: also Szechuan.

The Shensi specimen differs from tke typical form in its very bristly
calyx and pedicels, in the rather more dilated stipules and the solitary
flowers.

Rosa Hugonis Hemsley in Bot. Mag. cxxxt. t. 8004 (1905).—Rehder

& Wilson in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 330 (1915).
Rosa xanthina Crépin in Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1897, 223; synon. exclud.—

SHENSI: various localities, G. Giraldi (ex Crépin, |. c.).—See also Hems-
ley, |

DistrIBuTION: also Szechuan.

I have seen none of Giraldi’s specimens, but a cultivated plant (in Herb.
Zabel) raised from seed collected by Giraldi is undoubtedly R. Hugonis
which probably extends north as far as the southern slope of the Tsin
ling shan. In the absence of vigorous shoots showing the presence of
bristles it is often very difficult to distinguish R. Hugonis from R. zanthina
and one has to depend on the generally more sharply serrate and more
numerous leaflets glabrous or nearly so even when young, and on the
more slender-pedicelled paler colored flowers of R. Hugonis.

Rosa xanthina Lindley, Monog. Ros. 132 (1820).—Hemsley in Jour.
Linn. Soc. xxi. 254 (1887).—Bretschneider, Hist. Eur. Bot. Discov.
China, 861 (1898).—? F. N. Meyer in U. S. Dept. Agric. Bur. Pl. Indust.
Invent. Seeds Pl. Imp. xu. 170, no. 21620 (1908).—Rehder & Wilson in
Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 11. 342 (1915).—Hers in Jour. N. China Branch R.
As. Soc. tir. 115 (1922); Liste cre — Honan, 26 (1922).

Rosa i gg ge Bunge in 7 . Sav. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. 1.
100 (Enu 1. Chin Bor. er 33).—Maximowicz in Mém. Div. Sav.
Na Sei. nSt. me Ix. 471 (Ind. Fl. Pekin.) (1859). —Hemsley i In Jour.
Linn. Soe. xxi. 253 (1887).—Bretschneider, Hist. Eur. Bot. Discov.
China, 333 (1898).—Non Linnaeus.
Sa Sp. N. Meyer in U.S. Dept. Agric. Bur. Pl. Indust. Invent. Seeds
Pl. Imp. xu. 37, no. 17469 (1907).

gid zanthinoides ‘Nakai in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xxx11. 218 (1918); in Fl. Sylvy.

I. 33, t.

Gan "Peking, in gardens, F. N. Meyer, nos. 67 and 68, 1906 (only
cuttings or plants sent and grown by the Department of Agriculture).—
See also Meyer, |. c. (1907), Bunge, 1. c., Maximowicz, l. c., an
Hemsley, 1. c.

SHantuna: Shushan, F. N. Meyer, no. 745°, August 23, 1907 (seeds
only, plants with semi-double flowers raised from the seed and growing
at the Arnold Arboretum).—See also Meyer, |. c. (1908) and Rehder &
Wilson, |. ec.

Honan: cultivated (ex Hers, I. c.).

Distr1BuTION: also cultivated in Korea.

1924] REHDER, LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF NORTHERN CHINA, II 209

As this is the only double-flowered yellow Rose we know from northern
China, there can hardly be any doubt that it represents Lindley’s R.
xanthina based on a Chinese drawing and very briefly described. The
plant referred to by Bunge as R. pimpinellifolia and stated to be repre-
sented by a cultivated variety “floribus majusculis sulphureis”’ is probably
the double-flowered form and not the single-flowered wild form.

Rosa xanthina f. spontanea Rehder, nom.

Rosa xanthina Franchet in Nouv. Arch. ve Paris, sér. a Ms 269, t. 15, fig.
2 (Pl. David. 1. 117) (1883).—F. N. Meyer in U. sD t. Agric. Bur. Pl.
Indust. Invent. Seeds Pl. Imp. x1. 170, no. sg (1908). —Dingler in

ot. Centralbl. Beih. xxxvit. abt. 11. 136 (1919).—Vix Lindley.

Rosa eglanteria Graebner in Bot. Jahrb. xxxiv. beibl. yxxv. 40 (1904).—
Non Linnaeus.

Rosa xanthina f. normalis Rehder & Wilson in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 11. 342
1915); quoad syn. Franchetii.—Hers in Jour. N. China Branch R. As.
Soe. ti. 115 (1 east Liste Ess. Lign. Ha 26 (19

Rosa sp. F. N. Meyer in U. 8. Dept. Agric. Bur. Pl. Indust. Invent. Seeds
Pl. Imp. xt. 33, 9 38821 (1917).

Cutt: Kalgan, mountain side near Jen tou shan, N. H. Cowdry, no.
1498, July 2, 1921.

SHantuna: Tsing tau and Tsang kou (ex Graebner, |. c., and Dingler,
1. c.); Shu shan (ex Meyer, I. c.).

Honan: Chang mao, alt. 600 m., J. Hers, nos. 43, 44, May 10, 1919;
Sia shih, J. Hers, no. 336, April 24, 1921.—See also Hers, |. c.

SHANsI: Fen chow, J. Hers, no. 1906, April 20, 1922; Wu chai hsien,
Ta nan kow, alt. 2000-3000 m., Tchuang Kieh, Hers no. 2048, September
7, 1922; Nan yang shan, alt. 1000-2500 m., J. Hers, no. 2716, September
22-30, 1923.

Suensi: Yenan fu, W. Purdom, no. 339, 1910; Ta hua shan, F. N. Meyer,
no. 2094°, December 29, 1913 (seeds only; plants growing at Bell, Mary-
land; in herb. U. S. Dept. Agric.).

The specimens cited above represent apparently the spontaneous form
of the double-flowered R. ranthina; they agree with the specimens of the
double-flowered form in shape and serration and in the pubescence of
the leaflets which are usually villose beneath at least when young and
glandless, rarely quite glabrous. In Plantae Wilsonianae (I. c.) this
spontaneous form is confused with R. Ecae which has narrower leaflets,
obtusely and more or less doubly serrate from near the base and glandular-
dotted beneath but otherwise glabrous.

The plant growing near Shu shan, Shantung, is according to Meyer’s
note the wild single-flowered form, but the cultivated plants supposed
to have been introduced by Meyer from that locality have semi-double
flowers. Hers’ no. 336 from Sia shih, Honan, is remarkable for its very
pubescent leaves, the leaflets being densely long-villose beneath, sparingly
so above and the petioles are also covered with long villose hairs. In
most plants the pubescence nearly disappears at maturity or it may be
even entirely absent as in Hers’ no. 2048 and 2716 from Shansi and in
Cowdry’s no. 1498 from Chili.

210 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. ¥

Rosa Ecae Aitchison in Jour. Linn. Soc. xvi. 54 (1880); xrx. 162,
t. 8 (1882).—Kanitz in Szechenyi, Keletazs. Utjén. Tudom. Ered. m.
810 (Pl. Enum. 22) (1891); in Szechenyi, Wiss. Ergeb. Reise Ostas. 11.
698 (1898).

Rosa xanthina f. = Rehder & Wilson in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 11. 342
(1915), eh baweee ete

Rosa Sweginz rN ieee in U.S. Dept. Agric. Bur. Pl. ane Invent.
Seeds Pl. ine xLil. 68, no. 40699 (1918).—Non Koe

Honan: Hwei hsien, ehanat border, J. Hers, no. 709, ae 19, 1919.

SHANSI: near T'sin tse, F’. N. Meyer, no. 414, May, 1907; near Hsi po po,
F. N. Meyer, no. 1700, July 10, 1914; Fen chow, J. Hers, no. 1905, April
20, 1922.

Kansu: San sze miau, Ff’. N. Meyer, no. 2000, December 1, 1914 (leafless
shoot with extremely broad-based spines; in Herb. U. S. Dept. Agric.);
“‘ad monasterium Altin’’ (ex Kanitz, 1. c.).—See also Meyer, 1. c.

DistriBpuTion: also Central Asia.

It is remarkable that this Central Asiatic species should range as far
east as Shansi and Honan, but I am unable to find any character to dis-
tinguish the specimens cited above from those collected in Turkestan.
From the two other yellow-flowered species of northern China R. Ecae
is easily distinguished by the glandular dots on the under side of the leaflets
and their doubly serrate glandular margin.

Rosa tsinlingensis aes & K. Hoffmann in Limpricht, Bot. Reis. Hochgeb.
Chin. Ost.-Tib. 414 (1922).

SueEnsi: Tsin ling shan, southeast slope of Tai pei shan (ex Pax & K.
Hoffmann, |. c.).

This species is said to be related to R. graciliflora Rehd. & Wils. and
seems to differ according to the description chiefly in its mostly 13-foliolate
leaves with reticulate leaflets and in the smaller white flowers.

Rosa omeiensis Rolfe in Bot. Mag. cxxxvitt. t. 8471 (1912).—Rehder &
Wilson in Sargent, PI. Mera i. 331 (1915
Rosa sericea Crépin in Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. xiv. 151, 155 (Prim. Monog
Ros. 355, 359) (i875): in Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1897, 234.—Non aie
Suensi: Kian san, G. Giraldi, August 4, 1897; Kin tou san, G. Giraldi,
July 11, 1897; Tai pei shan, W. Purdom, nos. 969, 970, 970*, 1123, 1910;
southeastern slope of Tai pei shan, alt. 2600-3000 m., W. Purdom, no.
430, July 5, 1910.—See also Rehder & Wilson, |. c., and Crépin, 1. c. (1897).
Kansvu: Min chow, alt. 2600-3000 m., W. Purdom, nos. 1055, 1056,
1126, 1910.—See also Rehder & Wilson, 1. ¢., and Crépin, |. c. (1875).
DistrRiBuTION: also Hupeh, Szechuan, Yunnan.

Prunus salicina Lindley in Trans. Hort. Soc. vir. 239 (1830) —Koehne
in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 580 (1913).—Bailey, Gent. Herb. 1. 29 (1920).—
Hers in Jour. N. China Branch R. As. Soc. ti. 113 (1922); Liste Ess.
Lign. Honan, 22 (1922)

1924] REHDER, LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF NORTHERN CHINA, II 211

Prunus ee Roxburgh, Hort. Bengal. 38 (1814), nomen nudum; FI. Ind.
ed. 2 501 (1832), sphalmate “‘trifolia. ””__Koehne in Sargent, Pl. Wilson.
I. vb t 1912
Prunus ? domestica Bunge in Mém. Div. Sav. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. 11. 96
Cee . Pl. Chin. Bor. =) (1833). eee | in Jour. N. China Branch
s. Soc. n. ser. XV. 149 (Early Eur. Res. China) (1880).—Non Linnaeus.
pa communis ‘Maximowicz in Bu ead. Sci. St. Pétersb. xxix. 8
(1883); in Mél. Biol. xr. 678 (1883) —Hemsley i in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxu1.
218 (1887). —Faber in Denkschr. Entwickel. Kiau ale 32, (1898). —Ito
in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xiv. 135 (19 00) —Pritzel in Bot. Jahrb. xx1rx. 407
(1900).—Gilg in Bot. Jahrb. xxx1v. beibl. yxxv. 41 (1904).—Non Hudson.
Cuiui: Hsiao Wu tai shan, J. Hers, nos. 1506, 1575, July 14 and 16,
1921; also cultivated (ex Bunge, |. c., Bretschneider, |. ¢c., and Maximowicz,
1. c.).—See also Hemsley, 1. c.
SHANTUNG: ? cultivated (ex Faber, |. c., Ito, l. c., and Gilg, 1. c¢.).
Honan: Yung ning, Tsi li ping, alt. 1000 m., J. Hers, no. 478, May 22,
and nos. 1336 and 1361, September 30, 1919; Lushih, Tang ho, alt. 1000
m., J. Hers, no. 950, October 11, 1919; Lao kiun shan, alt. 900 m., J.
Hers, no. 1230, September 23, 1919; Chi kung shan, LZ. H. Bailey, June
18, 1917.—See also Bailey, |. c., and Hers, |. c.
SHANns!I: Hia hsien, Huang lai kow, J. Hers, nos. 1841 and 1842, October
2, 1921; Wu tai shan, alt. 1600 m., J. Hers, no. 2637, July 31, 1923.
SuEns1: Lung chow, Kuan shan, alt. 2000 m., J. Hers, no. 2360, July 3,
1922.—See also Pritzel, 1. c.
DistrRIBuTION: also Hupeh, Hunan, Szechuan, Yunnan; much cultivated
in China and also in Japan, Korea and the Himalayas.
The specimen from Shensi which is sterile has remarkably small and
narrow leaves about 4-5 cm. long and 1-1.8 cm. wide, but apparently
belongs to P. salicina.

Prunus Simonii Carriére in Rev. Hort. 1872, 111, t.—Bretschneider,
Hist. Eur. Bot. Discov. China, 829 (1898).

Persica Simonii ae oe ee vu. 43 (1872-1875).

Prunus Persica y. nectu mowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersp.
XxIx. 83 (1883); in Mél. Biol, x 669 (1883), pro parte, quoad synon.
Prunus Simonii et Persica Simon

Cui: cultivated near Peking (ex Beechusider: 1. c.).

Of this I have seen only cultivated plants originally introduced by G.
E. Simon from China to France. According to Bretschneider the plant
figured by ae seems to be the same as the one cultivated under the
name “‘hung

Prunus mume Siebold & Zuccarini, Fl. Jap. 1. 29, t. 11 (1836).—Bailey,
Gent. Herb. 1. 28 (1920).—Hers in Jour. N. China Branch R. As. Soc.
Lill. 113 (1922); Liste Ess. Lign. Honan, 22 (1922).—Cowdry in Jour.
N. China Branch R. As. Soc. Lim. 163 (1922

Cuiii: Pau shan, hillsides, N. H. Cowdry, no. 2164, May, 1921; Pei
tai ho, Lotus hill (ex Cowdry, |. c.).

NortuHerN Kianasu: Hsiao hsien, Huang tsang yu, J. Hers, no. 1046,
May 26, 1919.

212 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

Honan: Chi kung shan (ex Bailey, |. c.); without locality (ex Hers, I. c.).

DistRIBuTION (including varieties): also Hupeh, Szechuan, Chekiang,
Kwangtung; Formosa, Japan.

As the specimens cited above are in leaf only, their identification remains
open to doubt. Maximowicz (in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. xxrx. 84;
in Mél. Biol. x1. 672 [1883]) mentions a double-flowered form sent by
Bretschneider from Peking where it is cultivated.

Prunus Armeniaca Linnaeus, Spec. 474 (1753).—Bunge in Mém. Div.
Sav. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. 1. 96 (Enum. Pl. Chin. Bor. 22) (1833).—
Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. xxrx. 86 (1883); in Mél.
Biol. x1. 674 (1883).—Debeaux in Act. Soc. Linn. Bordeaux xxxm.
41 (Fl. Tien-tsin, 18) (1879).—Franchet in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, sér.
2, v. 256 (Pl. David. 1. 103) (1883).—Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxi.
217 (1887).—Bretschneider, Hist. Eur. Bot. Discov. China, 1052 (1898).—
Faber in Denkschr. Entwickel. Kiautschou, 32 (1898).—Pritzel in Bot.

Jahrb. xxix. 407 (1900).—Gilg in Bot. Jahrb. xxxiv. beibl. txxv. 41
(1904).—Koehne in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 278 (1912).—Bailey, Gent.
Herb. 1. 28 (1920).—Hers in Jour. N. China Branch R. As. Soc. Lim. 113
(1922); Liste Ess. Lign. Honan, 22 (1922).
rmentaca Davidiana Carriére in Rev. Hort. 1879, 236, fig. 46-48.—Bret-
schneider, Hist. Eur. Bot. Discov. China, 860 (1898).

CHILI: igs Wu tai shan, F. N. Meyer, nos. 1238, 1255 and 1361, August
20, 21, and 29, 1913.—See also Bunge, |. c., Maximowicz, |. c., Debeaux,
1. c., Hemsley, |. c., Bretschneider, |. ¢., and eae l. ec.

SHANTUNG: cultivated (ex Faber, |. c., and Gilg, 1. c.).

Honan: Hwei hsien, Pai yun sze, J. Hers, no. a June 15, 1919;
Chuan pao shan, alt. 1500 m., J. Hers, no. 1106, October 17, 1919.—
See also Bailey, |. c., and Hers, |. ¢.

SHANSI: Huai lai hsien, Liu shu chwang, alt. 800 m., J. Hers, no. 2077,
October 3, 1922.

SueEnst: Tin ling shan (ex Pritzel, |. c.); cultivated (ex Franchet, 1. c.).

DistriBuTtion: also Manchuria; cultivated in other Chinese provinces.

Prunus Armeniaca var. ansu Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb.
XxIx. 87 (1883); in Mél. Biol. x1. 676 (1883).—Ito in Tokyo Bot. Mag.
xiv. 134 (1900) “ Anzw.’’—Koehne in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 282 (1912).—
Bailey, Gent. Herb. 1. 28 (1920).

SHANTUNG: cultivated (ex Ito, |. c., and Koehne, |. c.).

NortHern Kranasu: Liu lin shan, near Hai chow, J. Hers, no. 601, May
5, 1921.

DistrIBuTION: also Korea; cultivated in Japan.

A supposed hybrid between Prunus Armeniaca and P. salicina is men-
tioned under the name “‘Plumcot”’ by F. N. Meyer (in U. 5. Dept. Agr.
Bur. Pl. Indust. Bull. ccrv. 22 [Agric. Explor. Orch. China] [1911]). He
states that it is called ‘“Lishing’’ by the Chinese and that about three
varieties of it are grown in the Shantung province.

1924] REHDER, LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF NORTHERN CHINA, II 213

Prunus sibirica Linnaeus, Spec. 474 (1753).
Prunus Armeniaca var. sibirica K. Koch, Dendr. 1. 88 (1869).—Maximowicz
in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb, XxIx. 86 (1883); in Mél. Biol. x1. 673 (1883).
Cui: near Ku hei kow, N. H. Cowdry, no. 1291, May 13, 1921; Siwan
tze near Kalgan, Pére Artselaer (ex Maximowicz, I. c.).
Suansi: “Shara hoda,”” N. Przewalski (ex Maximowicz, |. c.).
DistrisuTion: also Dahuria and Mongolia.
There is also a specimen collected by W. Purdom (no. 1145) without
locality which apparently belongs here.

Prunus kansuensis Rehder in Jour. ao Arb. 111. 21 (1922).
Amygdalus sp. F. N. Meyer in U. 8. Dept. Agric. aa Pl. Indust. Invent.
Seeds Pl. Imp. xi. 50, nos. 40001 ee 40004 (1918).

SHENsI: Sian fu, F. N. Meyer, no. 2139*, August 30, 1914 (seeds only;
plants raised from this seed cultivated in Chico, California).—See also
Rehder, |. c., and Meyer, l. ¢

Kansu: Kagoba, south of Hsiku, F. N. Meyer, no. 2141°, October 8,
1914 (seeds only; plants raised from this seed cultivated at Chico, Calif.).—
See also Rehder, |. c., and Meyer, 1. c.

Prunus Persica peta Beytr. Entw. Gesch. Naturr. 29 (1801), ex
Junger in Bot. Zeit. xxxvi. 426.—Franchet in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris,
sér. 2, v. 255 (Pl. David. 1. ae (1883).—Faber in Denkschr. Entwickel.
Kiautschou, 32 (1898).—Bretschneider, Hist. Eur. Bot. Discov. China,
1051 (1898).—Ito in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xiv. 134 (1900).—Gilg in Bot.
Jahrb. xxxiv. beibl. txxv. 41 (1904).—Loesener in Bot. Centralbl. Beih.
XXXVII. abt. 1. 185 (1919).—Bailey, Gent. Herb. 1. 28 (1920).—Hers in
Jour. N. China Branch R. As. Soc. ti. 113 (1922); Liste Ess. Lign.
Honan, 22 (1922).

A ae fag Linnaeus, Spec. ae (1753).—Bunge in Mém. Div. Sav
Acad. St. Pétersb. 1. 96 (Enum. Pl. Chin. Bor. 22) (183 aye Maver
nU. ¢ Dept Agric. Bur. PI. paduet. Bull. ccrv. 16 (Agric. Explor. Orch.

Chin a) (1911).
Persica vulgaris yee Gard. Dict 8 (1768).—Maximowicz in Mém.
| pig! Acs i. St. eg Ls IX. fea (Ind. Fl. Pekin.) Seer —Debeaux
i toe. Linn. _ordeau xxi. 41 (FI. Tien-tsin, 18) (1879).
pi Perea vulga aximowicz Ls Bull. feo Sei. St. Pétersb. xxix.
82 (1883); in Mél. Biol. 668 (1883).

Cit: “China bor.;”’ ex Herb. Bunge (Gray Herb.); Hsiao Wu tai shan,
J. Hers, no. 1574, July 16, 1921; cultivated at Peking and elsewhere (ex
Bunge, |. c., Franchet, |. c., Bretschneider, |. c., Maximowicz, 1. c. [1859],
Debeaux, |. c., and Meyer, |. c.).

SHANTUNG: cultivated (ex Faber, |. c., Ito, 1. c., Gilg, ]. ¢., Loesener,
l. ¢., and Meyer, 1. e:).

NortHerN Kianeasu: Hai chow hills, Kang Fu Lai, Hers no. 2271,
October 8, 1922.

Honan: cultivated, Cheng chow, J. Hers, nos. 1980, 1981, 1982, 1984,
August 22, 1922.—See also Bailey, ]. c., and Hers, 1. ec.

SHENSI: cultivated (ex Franchet, ]. c., and Meyer, I. c.).

214 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

DistrisuTIon: also cultivated in other provinces of China and often
escaped and naturalized.

Though it is not known with certainty that the Peach occurs spontane-
ously anywhere in China, it seems highly probable that the northern
provinces of China are the native country of P. Persica as is also the
opinion of Laufer (Sino-Iranica, 539 \[1919]). As is the case with other
long and extensively cultivated fruit trees, it is usually impossible to make
sure if plants found growing spontaneously are really native or only escaped
and naturalized. Mr. Wilson found the Peach growing spontaneously
in many places in central China remote from present-day settlements,
but he tells me that he never felt sure that they were native as there was
always the possibility that they were naturalized from old wiped out settle-
ments.

Prunus Persica f. duplex (Weston) Rehder in Jour. Arnold Arb. m1.

24 (1922).
Amygdalus Sly 8. lee ge: Bunge in Mém. Div. Sav. Acad. Sci. St.
Pétersb. um. 96 (En Pl. Chin. Bor. 22) (1833).

CHILI: ieee at Peking (ex Bunge, l. c.).

Another double-flowered form has white flowers (P. Persica f. albo-
plena Schneider, Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. 1. 594 [1906]); a specimen (no.
1983), though in leaf only, was sent by J. Hers from Cheng chow, Honan.

Prunus communis Arcangeli, Comp. FI. er 209 (1882).

Amygdalus communis Linnaeus, ave 676 (17 ore Debeaux in Act. Soc
Linn. Bordeaux, xxx. 41 (FL Tien-tsin, 18) (1879). gals Nar ane pe
in Jour. N. China Branch R. As. Soc. n. ser. xv. 149 (Early Eur. Research.
China) (1880

? Cuiut: cultivated (ex Debeaux, |. c.).

Debeaux is apparently mistaken when he states that the Almond is
cultivated in Chili. I have seen no specimens of this species from China
and none of the other botanists record it. Bretschneider (1. c.) states that
Dr. Hance wrote him that he never heard of the Almond tree having
been observed in China, and that the Amygdalus communis of Bunge
is P. Davidiana, a statement I have been able to verify, as there is a
flowering specimen of Bunge’s Amygdalus communis in the Gray Her-
barium. Also Meyer (in U. S. Dept. Agr. Bur. Pl. Indust. Bull. cctv. 21
[1911]) says that he never saw a single true Almond tree in China and that
kernels sold as almonds in Chili and Shantung are those of P. Armeniaca.
Laufer (Sino-Iranica, 405-409) adduces sufficient evidence to show that
the Almond was introduced from Persia and is not a native of China.

Prunus Davidiana Franchet in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, sér. 2, v. 255
(Pl. David. 1. 103) (1883).—Bretsckneider, Hist. Eur. Bot. Discov. China,
860 (1898).—Koehne in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 275 (1912).—Hers in Jour.
N. China Branch R. As. Soc. Liu. 113 (1922); Liste Ess. Lign. Honan,
22 (1922).

1924] REHDER, LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF NORTHERN CHINA, II 215

es communis Bunge in Mém. Div. Sav. Acad. is St. Pétersb. 11.
95 (Enum. Pl. Chin. Bor. 21) Goan —Non Linnaeu

Persica Danna Carriére in Rev. Hort. 1872, a fig. 10. —Bretschneider,
Hist. Eur. Bot. Discov. oe 332, “$80 (1898).

Prunus Persica a. Davidiana Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb.
XxXIx. 81 (1883); in Mel, Biol x1. 667 (1883

Cuixt: ‘Chin. bor.;’’ ex Herb. Bunge (Gray Heb): Hsiao Wu tai shan,
Shui shih tao, alt. 1500 m., J. Hers, no. 2180, October 8, 1922; Po hua shan,
J. Hers, no. 1658, September 9, 1921; Peking, used as stock in Peking
nurseries, C. S. Sargent, September 19, 1903; Peking, German cemetery,
planted, F. N. Meyer, no. 1896, May 24, 1914.—See also Franchet, 1. c.,
Bretschneider, 1. c., and Maximowicz, l. c.

Honan: Sung hsien, Shih tze miao, alt. 1200 m., J. Hers, no. 588, May
26, 1919; Hwei hsien, Shansi border, J. Hers, no. 760, June 19, 1919.—
See also Hers, I. c.

SuHansti: near Hsi po po, F. N. Meyer, no. 1873, July 10, 1914; Nan
yang shan, alt. 1500-2000 m., J. Hers, no. 2741, September 22-30, 1923.

SueEnsi: Yenan fu, W. Purdom, no. 347, 1910.—See also Maximowicz,
]. c., and Koehne, I. c.

Kansu: P. J. Piasezki (ex Maximowicz, |. c.

DistriBuTion: also Kweichou, Yunnan ee Tesch Leo:

Prunus Davidiana f. alba Bean in Garden, t. ae Mess (1896).
Persica Davidiana alba Carriére in Rev. Hort. 1872
Cui: cultivated at Peking (ex Bretschneider, — ‘Eur. Bot. Discov.
China, 860 [1898]).

Prunus Davidiana var. Potanini, comb.

Prunus Persica var. Potanini Batalin in Act. Hor t. Petrop. x1. 164 (1892).—
Bretschneider, Hist. Eur. Bot. Discov. China 1027 (1898).—Koehne in
Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. O75 poe —F.N. Meyer in A Sa Agric. Bur.

. Indust. Pl. Immigr eg _no. 39899, ick
Amygdalus Persica Dig Hicke: n U.S. Dept. Ne a Bur. Pl. Indust
Invent. Seeds Pl. Imp. xu1. 34, a6. 39899 and p. Bl, nos. 40007-40009,
pl. (1918).
Kansu: near Schu tsai tze, F. N. Meyer, no. 1987, October 29, 1915.—
See also Batalin, |. c., Koehne, |. c., Meyer, I. c., and Ricker, 1. c.

Besides the specimen cited above I have seen flowering specimens from
trees cultivated at Chico, California, and raised from seed sent by Meyer;
these and the fruits sent by Meyer show that the plant is a variety of P.
Davidiana and not of P. Persica.

Prunus tangutica Koehne in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 276 (1912).
Amygdalus communis var. tangutica Batalin i in Act. Hort. Petrop. x11. 163
(1892).
Amygdalus tangutica para k- in hae Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. sér. 5,
94 (1901).—F. N. Meyer in U.S. Dept. Agric. Bur. Pl. Indust. Pl. ae
cvI. 854, no. 39898, pl 915); in U. S. Dept. wate Bur. Pl. Indust. In-
vent. Seeds Pl. Imp. 1. 51, nos. 40010, 40011 (1918
Kansvu: Min chow, a "2600-8000 m., W. Pid. 1 no. 1029, 1910.—
See also Koehne, |. c., Batalin, 1. c., Korshinsky, 1. c., and Meyer, |. c.

216 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [VoL. v

The related P. mongolica Maxim. discovered on the Urato Mountains,
which are close to the northeastern border of Shansi, will possibly be
found also in northern Chili, Shansi or Shensi.

Prunus pilosa Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. xxrx. 79
(1883); in Mél. Biol. x1. 664 (1883)
Amygdalus pilosa Turezaninov in Bull. Soe. Nat. Moscou, v. 189 (1832).—
Bretschneider, Hist. Eur. Bot. Discov. China, 3 344 (1 898).
Cuiuti: Tsagan Balgassu ex Turczaninov, |. c., and Maximowicz, |. ¢.);
Si wan tze (ex Maximowicz, I. c.).
Snansi: “Shara hoda’? Mountains (ex Maximowicz, I. c.).

Prunus triloba Lindley in Gard. Chron. 1857, 268.—Maximowicz in
Bull. Soc. Nat. Moscou, tiv. 15 (1879); in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb.
Xx1x. 79 (1883); in Mél. Biol. x1. 665 (1883).—Franchet in Nouv. Arch.
Mus. Paris, sér. 2, v. 256 (Pl. David. 1. 104) (1883); in Mém. Soc. Sci.
Nat. Cherbourg, xxiv. 214 (1884).—Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxim.
222 (1887).—Palibin in Act. Hort. Petrop. x1v. 116 (1895).—Bretschneider,
Hist. Eur. Bot. Discov. China, 1052 (1898).—Koehne in Sargent, Pl.
Wilson. 1. 274 (1912).—Cowdry in Jour. N. China Branch R. As. Soc. Lut.
164 (Pl. Peitaiho) (1922).

yg lus easier Bunge in Mém. ave Sav. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb.

1. 96 (Enu 1. Chin. Bor.) (1833).—Maximowicz in Mém. Div. Sav.
oe Sci. "St. Pétersb. rx. 471 (Ind. FI. Mean) (1859).—Bretschneider,
Hist. Eur. Bot. Discov. China, 332 (1898).—Non Pallas.

Of this plant there exists a double-flowered form which unfortunately
is the type of the species; this makes it desirable to give varietal names
to both forms, as technically the binomial should stand for the double-
flowered form, while practically almost all botanists use the binomial
for the spontaneous form, and without a definite varietal name it is impos-
sible to know which form is meant.

Prunus triloba f. multiplex, comb. nov
Amygdalus guna 6. multiplex Bung e in Mém. Diy. Sav. Acad. Sci.
St. Pétersb. 96 (Enum. Pl. Chin Bor 2) (1833).
Amygdalus oh eR Y. polygyna Bunge, 1.
Prunus triloba var. spe ippe ae 7 ide 11. 608 (1893).—Koehne
in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 274 (1912).

CHILI: Peking, garden ae German Legation, F. N. Meyer, no. 1393,
April 19, 1914; without locality, W. Purdom, no. 284, 1909 (seeds only;
plants raised from this seed are growing in this Arboretum).—See also
Bunge, 1. c., Maximowicz, |. ¢., and Koehne, |. c.

Snanst: Tai pei shan, G. Giraldi, no. 1187, April, 1895 (ex Koehne, I. c.).

Maximowicz refers Bunge’s Amygdalus pedunculata y. polygyna to P.
Petzoldii (=P. triloba var. Petzoldii) but the flowers I have seen of the
latter plant were not polygynous, while in f. multiplex they are occasionally
so.

Prunus triloba f. simplex, comb. no

Amygdalus 7 a. simplex Bun ee in Mém. Div. Sav. Acad. Sci. St.
Pétersb. u. 96 (Enum. Pl. Chin. Bor. 22) (1833).

1924] REHDER, LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF NORTHERN CHINA, II 217

Prunus sar Stapf in Bot. Mag. cxxxir. t. 8061 (1906).
Prunus triloba f. normalis Rehder in Jour. Arnold Arb. 11. 30 (1922).
CHILI: Hsiao Wu tai shan, alt. 1600-2000 m., F. N. Meyer, no. 1055,
August, 1913; Po hua shan, J. Hers, nos. 1463 sa 1659, July 1, 1921 and
September 9, 1921 and no. 2239, October 12, 1922, and nos. 1508, 1530,
and 1565, July 14 and 16, 1921; Shi wen, loess cliffs, F. N. Meyer, nos.
1075, 1108, August 3, 1913.—See also Bunge, |. c., Maximowicz, 1. c.,
Franchet, |. c. (1883), Hemsley, 1. ¢c., Palibin, |. c., Koehne, |. c., and Cow-
dry, I. c.
SHANTUNG: (ex Franchet, I. c. [1884], Hemsley, ]. c., and Koehne, I. c.).
SHANSI: Wu tai shan, alt. 1300 m., J. Hers, no. 2609, July 29, 1923.
Kansu: Hung li hsien, J. Hers, no. 2418, August 2, 1922 (sterile).

Prunus triloba var. Petzoldii Bailey, nee Cycl. Hort. v. 2831 ene
BP Petzoldii K. Koch, Dendr. 1. 92 (1869).—Maximowicz in Bull. Acad.
Pétersb. XxIx. '80 (1883); 2 Mél. Biol. x1. 665 (1883). —Koehne
in genres Pl. Wilson. 1. 274 (19
Cui: ex Maximowicz, I. c., and oe le.

Prunus tomentosa Thunberg, Fl. aad 203 (1784) —Maximowicz in
Bull. Soc. Nat. Moscou, trv. 10 (1879); in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb.
XxIx. 95 (1883); in Mél. Biol. x1. 687 Ape .—Franchet in Nouv. Arch.
Mus. Paris, sér. 2, v. 257 (Pl. David. 1. 105) (1883).—Hemsley in Jour.
Linn. Soc. xxi. 222 (1887).—Bretschneider, Hist. Eur. Bot. Discov.
China, 1052 (1898).—Diels in Bot. Jahrb. xxxvi. beibl. Lxxxir. 57
(1905).—Koehne in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 268 (1912).—Bailey, Gent.
Herb. 1. 29 (1920).—Loesener in Bot. Centralbl. Beih. xxxvir. abt. 1.
137 (1919).—Hers in Jour. N. China Branch R. As. Soc. Lit. 114 (1922);
Liste Ess. Lign. Honan, 23 (1922).—Cowdry in Jour. N. China Branch R.
As. Soc. tur. 163 (1922).—Darrow in Jour. Hered. xv. 169, 6 figs. (1924).
Prunus triloba Hers in Jour. N. China Branch R. As. Soe. tim. 114 (1922);
Liste Ess. Lign. Honan, 23 (1922).—Non Lindley.

Curt: Peking, 0. Warburg, no. 6615.—See also Bunge, |. c., Maximowicz,
l. c., Franchet, |. c., Hemsley, 1. c., and Cowdry, 1. c.

SHANTUNG: Cape Ya tau (ex Loesener, |. c.).

NortHern Kranosu: Liu lin shan, near Hai chow, J. Hers, no. 607, May
5, 1921; Hsiao hsien, Huang tsang yu, J. Hers, no. 1041, May 26, 1919.

Honan: Teng feng hsien, Yu tai shan, alt. 800 m., J. Hers, no. 236,
April 23, 1920, no. 318, April 20, 1920; Lushih, Kiao ho, alt. 1000 m.,
J. Hers, no. 967, October 13, 1919; Yung ning, Tsi li ping, J. Hers, no.
425, May 22, 1919; Sung hsien, Shih tze miao, alt. 1200 m., J. Hers, no.
1269, September 25, 1919.—See also Hers, 1. c.

Suansi: Yuan kiu hsien, Ni shan, J. Hers, no. 1825, September 28,
1921; Wen yu ho valley, alt. 1200 m., J. Hers, no. 2762, October 2, 1923;
Wu chai hsien, Ta nan kow, alt. 2000-3000 m., Tchuang Kieh, Hers’ no.
2038, September 7, 1922.

SHENSI: Kan y san, G. Giraldi, June 11-12, 1897; Kin ten san, G. Giraldi,
July 14, 1897; Lung chow, Sien fo shan, alt. 1000 m., J. Hers, no. 2327,
July 2, 1922.—See also Diels, 1. c., and Koehne, 1. c.

218 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

Kansu: Min chow, W. Purdom, no. 1028, 1910.—See also Maximowicz,
l. c., and Hemsley, |. ¢

DISTRIBUTION Gndluding varieties): also Yunnan; Himalayas, Man-
churia, Korea, Japan.

In typical P. tomentosa the branchlets at least when young and the under
side of the leaves are densely pubescent, but in Hers no. 425 from Yung
ning and no. 1269 from Sung hsien, Honan, the branchlets are quite glab-
rous and the leaves are only slightly and sparingly villose on the midrib
and the veins beneath, but in all other characters the specimens agree
perfectly with P. tomentosa of which it apparently represents a glabrescent

orm. These specimens were originally identified as P. triloba and on the
strength of it the species was credited to Honan in Hers’ List of Honan
ligneous plants. Also Hers’ no. 318 from Yu tai shan, which is in flower,
seems to belong to this glabrescent form. The species is cultivated for
its fruit near Peking (see Bretschneider, |. c., and Darrow, |. c.).

Prunus tomentosa var. endotricha Koehne in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1.
225 (1912).

SHENSI: several localities, G. Giraldi (ex Koehne, |. c.).

Disrrisution: also Hupeh, Szechuan.

Prunus tomentosa var. breviflora Koehne in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1.
270 (1912).
SHEnsI: Quan tou shan, G. Giraldi, no. 5295, May 5, 1898 (ex Koehne).

Prunus tomentosa var. trichocarpa Koehne in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1.
270 (1912).
Prunus trichocarpa Bunge in Mém. wie Sav. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. 11. 96
(Enum. Pl. Chin. nig 22) (1833).—Maximowicz in Mém. Div. Sav. Acad.
Sci. St. Pétersb. 471 (Ind. Fl. — .) (1859).—Bretschneider, Hist.
Eur. Bot. Discov. China, 332 (189
Cui: A. Bunge (ex Koehne, 1. 7

Prunus tomentosa var. tsuluensis Koehne in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1.
270 (1912).

SueEnsi: Tsu lu, G. Giraldi, no. 5295, May 4, 1897 (ex Koehne).

Koehne cites under this variety and under var. breviflora the same
number which is apparently a mistake; localities and dates are different.

Prunus dictyoneura Diels in Bot. Jahrb. xxxvi. beibl. Lxxxm. 57
(1905).—Koehne in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 262 (1912).
— humilis @. villosula Bunge in Mém. Div. Sav. Acad. Sei. St. Pétersb.
. 97 (Enum. Pl. Chin. Bor 23) (1833).
ee Peking, 0. Warburg, no. 6607 (flowers); Ssi-jui-ssy (ex Bunge,
eh
Honan: Teng feng, Yu tai shan, J. Hers, no. 307, June 17, 1919; Sia
shi, J. Hers, no. 346, May 25, 1921; Mung ning, Tsi li ping, J. Hers, no.
476, May 22, 1919; Yu tai shan, J. Hers, no. 320, April 20, 1920 (flowers).
Syansi: Yuan kiu hsien, Ni shan, J. Hers, no. 1818, September, 28, 1921.

1924] REHDER, LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF NORTHERN CHINA, II 219

SHEnsS!I: Tai pei shan, W. Purdom, no. 2, 1910; Yenan fu, W. Purdom,
no. 344, 1910 (“Flowers light pink’’).—See also Diels, l.c., and Koehne, l.c.

Prunus humilis Bunge in Mém. Div. Sav. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. 11.
97 (Enum. PI. Chin. Bor. 23) (1833).—Turczaninov in Bull. Soc. Nat.
Moscou, x. no. vit. 151 (1837).—Maximowicz in Mém. Div. Sav. Acad.
Sci. St. Pétersb. rx. 471 (Ind. Fl. Pekin.) (1859); in Bull. Soc. Nat. Moscou,
Liv. 11 (1879); in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. xxrx. 92 (1883); in Mél.
Biol. x1. 682 (1883).—Hance in Jour. Bot. x11. 132 (1875).—Bretschneider
in Jour. N. China Branch R. As. Soc. n. ser. xv. 31 (Early Eur. Res. China)
(1880); Hist. Eur. Bot. Discov. China, 20, 332, 830, 1053 (1898).—
Franchet in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, sér. 2, v. 256 (Pl. David. 1. 104)
(1883); in Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Cherbourg, xx1v. 214 (1884). —Hemsley
in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxi. 218 (1887).—Faber in Denkschr. Entwickel.
Kiautschou, 32 (1898).—Gilg in Bot. Jahrb. xxxiv. beibl. txxv. 40
(1904).—Koehne in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 262 (1912); in Bot. Centralbl.
Beih. xxxvui. abt. 11. 136 (1919).—Limpricht, Bot. Reis. Hochgeb. Chin.
Ost.-Tib. 415 (1920).—Hers in Jour. N. China Branch R. As. Soc. ui.
113 (1922); Liste Ess. Lign. Honan, 22 (1922).—Cowdry in Jour. N.
China Branch R. As. Soc. Li. 163 (PI. Peitaiho) (1922).

Prunus Bunget Walpers, Rep. 1. 9 (1843)..—Debeaux in Act. Soc. Linn.
Bordeaux, xxx. 52 (FI. Tien-tsin) (1876).
Prunus glandulosa var. Purdomii Koehne in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 264 (1912).

Cui: Weichang, W. Purdom, no. 12, 1910; San tung ying, F. N. Meyer,
no. 951, May 28, 1913; Tung ling, in park, N. E. Cowdry, no. 1293, May 18,
1921; near Nan kow, F. N. Meyer, no. 1039, July 28, 1913; Peking, C.
A. Skatchkov (Gray Herb.); Ming Tombs, near Peking, J. G. Jack, October
6, 1905; western hills, Peking, J. Hers, no. 1586, August 7, 1921; near
Hsiao Wu tai shan, F. N. Meyer, no. 1103, August 4, 1913; Hsiao Wu tai
shan, J. Hers, no. 1527, July 14, 1921.—See also Bunge, |. c., Maximowicz,
l. c., Hance, 1. c., Bretschneider, ]. c., Franchet, 1. c. (1883), Hemsley,
l. c., Koehne, 1. c. (1912), Limpricht, |. c., and Cowdry, 1. ¢.

SHantune: Chifu (ex Maximowicz, |. c. [1883], Hemsley, ]. c., and
Debeaux, 1. c.); Tsing tau (ex Faber, 1. c., Gilg, 1. c., and Koehne, 1. c.
[1919]).

Honan: (ex Hers, I. c.).

I am unable to separate from P. humilis, which agrees in the shape and
in the conspicuous reticulation of the leaves, Koehne’s P. glandulosa var.
Purdomii of which I have before me besides Purdom’s flowering specimen,
specimens with flowers and leaves from a cultivated plant determined by
Koehne himself as var. Purdomii.

From Shantung and from Honan I have seen no specimens and it is
possible that these references belong to P. glandulosa to which I refer
the only specimen of this group I have seen from Shantung.

* Walpers changed Bunge’s name to P. Bungei on account of Cerasus humilis Mori-

son of 1827, but the combination under Prunus was not made until 1834 by Colla, one
year after the publication of Prunus humilis Bunge.

220 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

Prunus glandulosa Thunberg, Fl. Jap. 202 (1784).—Koehne in Bot.
Centralbl. Beih. xxxvu. abt. u. 136 (1919).—Bailey, Gent. Herb. 1. 28
(1920).

Prunus japonica var. glardulosa Ito in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xiv. 136 (1900).
Prunus japonica ®. P. glandulosa Maximowicz in Bull. Soc. Nat. Moscou,
Liv. 13 (1879).

SHANTUNG: Chifu, low shrub on hills, N. H. Cowdry, no. 2163, July 3,
1920; “‘Kleines Perlgebirge (Hsiautshushan)”’ ex Koe

Honan: cultivated plant introduced from the Sung ign J. Hers, no.
198, April 20, 1921; Chi kung shan (ex Bailey, |. c.).

DistrirpuTtion: also Chekiang, Hupeh; Manchuria, Japan.

Prunus glandulosa var. trichostyla f. sinensis Koehne in Sargent, PI.
Wilson. 1. 265 Lier
Prunus japonica var. Maximowicz in Bull. Soe. Nat. Moscou, Liv. 1
(1879), pro hie in ‘Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. xxrx. 95 (1883): in Mél.
Biol. x1. 686 (1888).
Prunus japonica Pritzel in Bot. Jahrb. xxrx. 407 (1900), quoad plantam e
Shensi.—Non Thunberg.
SneEnst: cultivated (ex Koehne, |. c., Maximowicz, |. c., and Pritzel, |. c.).
DistriBuTION: cultivated in other provinces of China and in Japan.

Prunus glandulosa var. trichostyla f. Faberi Koehne in Sargent, PI.
Wi'son. 1. 224 (1912).

SHantuNG: Tien tai and Chifu Mountains, FE. Faber (ex Koehne, I. c.).

Distripution: also Hupeh.

Prunus japonica Thunberg, Fl. Jap. 201 (1784).—Gilg in Bot. Jahrb.
xxx1v. beibl. yxxv. 41 (1904).—Koehne in Bot. Centralbl. Beth. xxxvit.
abt. 11. 136 (1919).

Prunus japonica var. typica Ito in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xiv. 135 (1900).

Snantuna: Lau shan and Cape Ya tau (ex Gilg, |. c., and Koehne, |. c.);
island Liu kung, cultivated (ex Ito, |. c.).

DisrriBuTion (including the varieties) : also Kiangsu, Chekiang, Fokien;
Manchuria, Korea, Japan.

Prunus stipulacea Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. Xxx.
97 (1883); in Mél. Biol. x1. 689 (1883). , Hist. Eur. Bot.
Discov. China, 975 (1898).—Koehne in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 258 (1912).

Kansu: Tangut Region, N. Przewalski (ex Maximowicz, |. c., and
Koehne, |. c.).

Prunus Giraldiana Schneider in Fedde, Rep. Nov. Spec. 1. 65 (1905).—
Koehne in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 257 (1912)

Suensit: Quen tou shan, G. Giraldi, no. 3789 (ex Schneider, |. ¢c., and
Koehne, I. c.).

Prunus phyllopoda Koehne in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 257 (1912
? Prunus aff. pauciflora Diels in Bot. “Jahrb. xxxvi. beibl. LXxxxu1. 57 ae.
Suenst: Ken y shan, G. Giraldi (ex Koehne, |. ¢., and Diels, |. c.).

1924] REHDER, LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF NORTHERN CHINA, II 221

Prunus setulosa Batalin in Act. Hort. Petrop. x11. 165 (1892) ; in Gartenfl.
xii. 330 (1892).—Bretschneider, Hist. Eur. Bot. Discov. China, 1027
(1898).—Koehne in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 257 (1912).

Kansvu: Minchow, alt. 2600 m., W. Purdom, no. 1030, 1910.—See also
Batalin, 1. c., and Koehne, |. ec.

Prunus pseudocerasus Lindley in Trans. Hort. Soc. Lond. v1. 90 (1826) .—
Bretschneider, Hist. Eur. Bot. Discov. China, 1052 (1898).—Koehne in
Fedde, Rep. Spec. Nov. x1. 270 (1912).—Hers in Jour. N. China Branch
R. As. Soc. tu. 113 (1922); Liste Ess. Lign. Honan, 22 (1922).

Prunus ails Bunge in Mém. Div. Sav. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. 11. 97
(Enum. Pl. Chin. Bor. 23) (1833). ka peraen te Mém. Div. Sav. Acad
Sci. ‘St. Pétersb. rx. 471 (Ind. Fl. Pekin.) (1859); in Bull. Acad. Sci. St.
etl xxix. 100 (1883); in te Biol. x1. 694 (1883).—Hemsley in eek
Linn. Soc. xxi. 220 retschneider, Hist. Eur. ae fag
China, 332, 1052 ee —Ito n Tokyo Bot. Mag. x1v. 136 (19 00).
Koehne in "Sargent ry, Wilson. “4 252 (1912); in Bot. Centralbl. Beih.
XXXVI. abt. 1. 136 (1919).

? Cerasus spec. Maximowicz in Mém. Div. Sav. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. rx.
471 (In )

Prunus Cerasus ebeaux in Act. Soc. Linn. Bordeaux, xxxu. 42 (Fl. Tien-
tsin, A (1897).—Faber in Denkschr. Entwickel. Kiautschou, 32 (1898).—
n Tokyo Bot. Mag. xiv. 136 (1900). —Gilg in Bot. Jahrb. xxxtv.
el ibl. LXxv. 41 (1 904) .—Non Linnaeus
ae le Sale Gilg in Bot. Jahrb. XXXIV. keibl. txxv. 41 (1904).—Non

es ne ci ko, F. N. Meyer, no. 1171, September 12, 1912.—
See also Bretschneider, 1. c., Bunge, 1. c., Maximowicz, |. c., Hemsley,
l. c., Koehne, in Sargent, 1]. c. (1912), and Debeaux, I. c.

SHANTUNG: near Chifu (ex Ito, 1. c.); near Tsingtau (ex Koehne, I. c.
[1919]), Faber, l. c., and Gilg, l. c.

Nortuern Kianesu: Liu lin shan, near Hai chow, J. Hers, no. 665,
May 5, 1920.

Honan: Cheng chow, cultivated on the Honan plain, J. Hers, no. 86,
April 20, 1920; Sung hsien, Shih tze miao, J. Hers, nos. 107, 148, October
3, 1919 and no. 1282, September 25, 1919; Sung hsien, San kuan miao,
alt. 1200 m., J. Hers, no. 502, May 24, 1919; Huang ho region, J. Hers,
no. 1125, October, 1919.—See also Hers, l. c.

DistriBuTION: cultivated also in Hupeh and in other provinces of
China and in Japan.

This is the only species of the true Cherries cultivated in China for its
fruit. It is probably native on the mountains of Chili and Honan and
elsewhere it occurs only as a cultivated tree. Meyer’s no. 1171 differs
from the other specimens in the leaves being pilose on the veins beneath
and short-pilose above when young, but the greater development of pubes-
cence may be due to the fact that the specimen consists of a vigorous
shoot.

Prunus Sieboldii Wittmack in Gartenfl. ur. 272 (1902).
ie Pseudo-Cerasus var. Sieboldii Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St.
ays XxIx. 102 ering in Mél. Biol. x1. 697 (1883).—Ito in Tokyo
t. Mag. xiv. 137 (19 00).

222 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

SHANTUNG: cultivated (ex Ito, 1. ¢.).
DistRIBuTION: also cultivated in Japan.

Prunus serrulata var. pubescens Wilson, Cherries Japan, 31 (1916).—
Hers in Jour. N. China Branch R. As. Soc. tim. 133 (1922); Liste Ess.
Lign. Honan, 23 (1922).

Prunus ir of Nebelit Koehne in Bot. Centralbl. xxxvu. abt. 1. 136,
t. 68 (1919).

Suantune: Laushan, 0. Nebel (ex Koehne, 1. c.).

NortHERN Kianesu: Liu lin shan, near Hai chow, J. Hers, no. 666,
May 5, 1921; Hai chow hills, alt. about 200 m., Kang Fu Lai, Hers nos.
2307, 2317, October 8, 1922.

Honan: (ex Hers, 1. c.).

SHENs!I: Lung chow, 1.1 kia po, alt. 1400 m., J. Hers, no. 2383, July 4,

DistriBuTION: also Hupeh; Korea, Japan.

Prunus pilosiuscula Koehne in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 202 (1912).

Honan: Tsi yuan hsien, Tien tan shan, J. Hers, nos. 1775, 1793, 1813
and 1891, September 21, 1921; Fu niu shan, J. Hers, no. 141, October 6,
1918; Sung hsien, Shih tze miao, alt. 1200 m., J. Hers, nos. 1242 and 1256,
September 25, 1919; Yung ning, Tsi li ping, alt. 1000 m., J. Hers, no. 1349,
September 30, 1919; Lu shih, Tang ho, alt. 1000 m., J. Hers, no. 949,
October 11, 1919.

The specimens cited above, though they are all sterile, agree well in the
characters of the leaves, stipules and branchlets with P. pilosiuscula, so
that I do not hesitate to refer them to that species even without flowers.
They apparently belong to the form distinguished as var. barbata Koehne
(Il. ce.) which differs from typical P. pilosiuscula named var. media by
Koehne in the leaves of the flowering branches, being glabrous beneath
except axillary tufts of hairs. On vigorous shoots, however, the leaves
are often densely pubescent beneath and oblong-ovate with gradually
acuminate apex, quite different in shape from the generally obovate
abruptly acuminate leaves of the flowering branches, but plants of this
species cultivated at this Arboretum show that this is the usual form of
vigorous shoots; the tendency toward pubescence on the under side of
the leaves is noticeable even in some of the co-types of var. barbata which
have the upper leaves of the elongated branchlets more or less pubescent
beneath.

Prunus Padus Linnaeus, Spec. 473 (1753).—Maximowicz in Mém.
Div. Sav. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. rx. 471 (Ind. Fl. Pekin.) (1859); in Bull.
Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. xxrx. 108 (1883); in Mél. Biol. x1. 705 (1883).—
Franchet in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, sér. 2, v. 258 (Pl. David. 1. 106)
(1883).—Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxim. 220 (1887).—Diels in Bot.
Jahrb. xxxvi. beibl. Lxxxu. 57 (1905).—Koehne in Sargent, Pl. Wilson.
1. 72 (1911).

1924] REHDER, LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF NORTHERN CHINA, II 223

Cniti: Weichang, W. Purdom, no. 14, May 24, 1909; Hsiao Wu tai
shan, F. N. Meyer, no. 1170, August 12, 1913 (Gray Herb.); J. Hers, nos.
1513 and 1551, July 14, 1921.—See also Maximowicz, 1. c., Franchet, |. c.,
Hemsley, |. c., and Koehne, I. c.

Suensi: Huan tou shan, G. Giraldi, no. 7167 (ex Diels, 1. c.).

DistrisuTion: also Mongolia, Siberia and Europe.

Prunus Padus var. pubescens Regel & Tiling in Nouv. Mém. Soc.
Nat. Moscou, x1. 79 (Fl. Ajan.) (1858)—Maximowicz in Bull. Acad.
Sci. St. Pétersb. xxrx. 108 (1883); in Mél. Biol. x1. 706 (1883)

Curt: Po hua shan, J. Hers, nos. 1401 and 1420, May 1, 1921—See
also Maximowicz, |. ec.

Suansi: Wu chai hsien, Ta nan kow, alt. 2000-3000 m., 7 chuang Kieh,
Hers nos. 2029 and 2034, September 7, 1922.

Kansu: Min chow, alt. 2600 m., W. Purdom, no. 1031, 1910.

Distrisution: also Mongolia, Manchuria, Siberia.

Prunus Padus var. pubescens f. Purdomii Koehne in Sargent, PI. Wilson.
1. 196 (1912).

Cuiu1: Wei chang, W. Purdom, no. 15 (in part), May 26, 1909; Hsiao
Wu tai shan, alt. 2600 m., F. N. Meyer, no. 1170, August 12, 1913.

SuHANsI: Fang shan hsien, Nan yang shan, alt. 1500-2500 m., J. Hers,
nos. 2705 and 2712, September 22-30, 1923.

On the label of No. 2712 there is a note stating that the tree is used
for making baskets.

Prunus brachypoda Batalin in Act. Hort. Petrop. xu. 166 (1892); in
Gartenfl. x1. 330 (1893).—Bretschneider, Hist. Eur. Bot. Discov. China,
1027 (1898).

Kansv: between Morping and Wuping, G. N. Potanin (ex Batalin, 1. c.).

Prunus brachypoda var. pseudossiori Koehne in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1.
65
eee sstort Pritzel in Bot. Jahrb. xxrx. 408 (1900).—Non Fr. Schmidt.
Honan: Lushih, Hiung eul shan, alt. 1300 m., J. Hers, no. 864, October
9, 1919; Lushih, Tang ho, alt. 1000 m., J. Hers, no. 953, October 11, 1919;
Lushih, Kiao ho, alt. 1000 m., J. Hers, no. 962, October 12, 1919; Lushih,
Tung ho, alt. 1000 m., J. Hers, no. 989, October 14, 1919; Sung hsien,
San kuan miao, alt. 1000 m., J. Hers, no. 1306, September 27, 1919;
Yung ning, Tsi li ping, alt. 1000 m., J. Hers, no. 1376, September 30,
1919; Tsi yuan hsien, Tien tan shan, J. Hers, no. 1809, September 21, 1921.
SHENSI: Tai pei shan, W. Purdom, no. 1, 1910; Lung chow, Sien fo
shan, alt. 1000 m., J. Hers, no. 2326, July 2, 1922.—See also Koehne, I. c.,
end Pritzel, |. ec.
Disrripution: also Hupeh and Szechuan.
As all the specimens cited above are sterile, their identification is open
to doubt; some specimens such as nos. 864, 962 and 1376 differ from typical

224 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

var. pseudossiori in their broader and shorter, elliptic to obovate, abruptly
acuminate leaves but agree in serration and texture with specimens of
typical leaf shape; no. 1809 has rather membranous leaves and may
possibly belong to P. Padus.

Prunus sericea Koehne var. septentrionalis Koehne in Sargent, PI.
Wilson. 1. 64 (1911).
Prunus nepalensis var. sericea Diels in Bot. Jahrb. xxxvi. beibl. Lxxxir. 57
(1905).—Vix Batalin.
Suenst: In kia po, G. Giraldi, no. 6081 (ex Koehne, 1. c., and Diels, |. c.).

Prunus velutina Batalin in Act. Hort. Petrop. xrv. 186 (1895).—Koehne
in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 69 (1911).

Suenst: G. Giraldi, no. 4931 (ex Koehne, |. c.).

Distrisution: also Hupeh.

The following three apparently distinct forms of Prunus of the Hers
collection have remained unidentified owing to the incomplete material:

Prunus spec. from Honan: Sung hsien, San kuan miao, J. Hers, no.
548, May 24, 1919 (with young fruits). Apparently related to P. triloba,
but the bark of one-year-old branches is light yellow and exfoliates in
flakes and strips.

Prunus spec. from Shensi: Lung chow, Kuan shan, alt. 2000 m., J.
Hers, no. 2358, July 3, 1922 (sterile). Related to P. lobulata Koehne,
but the leaves are rather short-petioled and the stipules more leaf-like and
less deeply divided.

Prunus spec. from Honan: Sung hsien, Shih tze miao, J. Hers, nos. 484
and 1273, May 26 and September 25, 1919 (sterile). Similar to P. Padus
var. pubescens, but the leaves are larger, finely serrulate and glaucous
beneath.

Prinsepia uniflora Batalin in Act. Hort. Petrop. xm. 167 (1892); in
Gartenfl. xi. 331 (1892).—Rehder in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 345 (1915).—
Farrer in Jour. Roy. Hort. Soc. xt. 103 (1916).—F. N. Meyer in U. 5.
Dept. Agric. Bur. Pl. Indust. Invent. Seeds PI. Imp. xi. 28, no. 39432,
pl. 3, 4 (1917); xxit. 53, no. 40023 (1918).—Hers in Jour. N. China Branch
R. As. Soc. tr. 115 (1922); Liste Ess. Lign. Honan, 26 (1922).

Honan: Mien chih, alt. 800 m., J. Hers, no. 68, August 20, 1919; Kung
hsien, J. Hers, no. 89, April 22, 1920 and no. 197, April 18, 1921; Hsiao
hsien, Huang tsang yu, alt. 200 m., J. Hers, no. 1034, May 26, 1919.—
See also Hers, |. c.

Snanst: Fu cheng, F. N. Meyer, no. 1633, July 21, 1915; Fen chow,
J. Hers, no. 1907, April 20, 1922.—See also Meyer, I. ¢. (1917).

SHensi: Yenan fu, W. Purdom, no. 324, 0.

Kansu: San sze miau, F. N. Meyer, no. 2161°, December 1, 1914
(seeds only; plants raised at Chico, California).—See ins Farrer, |. c., and

Meyer, |. c. (1918)
(To be continued)

JOURNAL

OF THE

ARNOLD ARBORETUM

VoLuME V OCTOBER, 1924 NUMBER 4

NOTES ON THE GENUS PINUS

GEORGE RussELL SHAW
THE OBLIQUE CONE

To the characters that authors employ for circumscribing Pinus, should
be added the tendency of the genus to produce oblique cones. This form
of cone is usually described as asymmetrical, but it is not absolutely
without symmetry, for it may be divided into two like parts by a plane
passing through the axes of both the cone and its branch, while the cones
of Picea and other allied genera are symmetrical with reference to any
plane that includes the cone-axis.

In Pinus the cones grow from the nodes only of the branch and, when
the branchlet bears more than one cone, they are disposed in verticillate
groups. The reflexed oblique cone fits perfectly into the verticillate
arrangement, the thickness and the size of the scales varying with the
difference of exposure. This peculiar elaboration, in its perfection, appears
among the serotinous Pines whose cones persist on the tree and retain
their seeds intact for many years.

In its least development the oblique form may be seen in the curved
cones, or in the eccentric insertion of the cone-peduncle, of many species of
both sections. It is the result of a lesser or greater inequality in the growth
of the anterior and posterior tissues. In some degree it is present in all,
or nearly all of the Pines and various degrees of obliquity are associated
in the same species. It is sufficiently prevalent to be accepted as a
characteristic peculiarity of the genus.

SECTIONAL CHARACTERS
The characters determining the two sections of Pinus are many but
they are not all absolutely invariable.
Haploxylon

Fibro-vascular bundle of the leaves single.

Sheath of the leaf- ran ek deciduous.

Bracts subtending the leaf-fascicles not decurrent on the branchlet.
pcieonas flowers ee sufficiently developed in the winter-bud to be

appar
Bote doe of the pollen-sacs relatively small.

226 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. Vv

Cones of lower phyllotaxis
Ray-tracheids with ini walls.
Bark-formation late.

Diploxylon
Fibro-vascular bundles of the leaves double.
Sheath of the leaf-fascicle persistent.
Bracts subtending the leaf-fascicles decurrent on the branchlet
Staminate flowers sufficiently developed in the winter-bud to be recog-

nize

Connective of the pollen-sacs relatively large.

Cones of higher phyllotaxis.

Ray-tracheids with dentate walls.

Bark-formation early.

Several of these characters are subject to a few exceptions such as, for
instance, the persistent sheath of the Soft Pine, P. Nelsonit Shaw or the
deciduous sheath of the Hard Pine, P. leiophylla, the large connective of
P. excelsa Wall. or the small connective of P. sylvestris L., the late bark-
formation of P. halepensis Mill., P. pseudostrobus Lindl., etc., etc. Never-
theless there is no difficulty in placing a species in its proper section, for,
in every case, the determinative characters so predominate that the
recognition of a Soft, or a Hard Pine is immediate.

SUBSECTIONS AND GROUPS

In the section Haploxylon the subsections are determined by the
peculiarities of the cones while the groups follow the construction of the
seeds (Shaw, Gen. Pinus, 25, [1914]). In Flexiles, however, the seed is
not sufficiently distinct to justify the retention of this group. The seed-
wing, though very short, is nevertheless obvious and, like the wing of the
Strobi, is adnate to the nut. The seed-wings of the subsection Strobi vary
much in length and, in the P. ayacahuite Ehrenb., the wing of the northern
variety is almost rudimentary and so like that of P. flerilis James that the
demarcation between Flexiles and Strobi is not clearly defined. With
this change the subsections and groups should be tabulated as follows:
A—HAPLOXYLON.

a—CEMBRA.

Scales of the conelet snes umbo of the cone-scales terminal,
pits of the ray-cells larg

I—Cembrae.
Cones on
Seeds win
II—Strobi.

Cones dehiscen
Seeds with an au wing.
b—PaRACEMBRA.
Seales of the conelet armed, umbo of the cone-scales dorsal,
pits of the ray-cells small.
[11—Cembroides.

Seeds wingless.

1924] H. H. HU, NOTES ON CHINESE LIGNEOUS PLANTS 227

IV—Gerardianae.
s with a short deciduous wing.
VHallout aise.
Seeds with a long effective wing.

op
c—PARAPINA
Fascicle-si ical or seed-wing of Haploxylon.
VI—Leiophyllae
Racecle hechh deciduous.
VII—Longifoliae
ced-wing of the Strobi.
VIII—Pinea
_Seed-wing of the Gerardianae.
d—Pinas
Fasccle iti persistent, seed-wing articulate.
IX—Laric

pa i tie membranous throughout.
oe opening at maturity
Pits of the ray-cells large.

X—Australes.
Seed-wing membranous throughout.
Cones opening at maturity.
Pits of the ray-cells small.
XI—Insignes.
Seed-wing nem or slightly thickened.
ings serotino
ts of the areas small.
XIL—Macscr rpae.

Seed-wing very thick at base.

PINUS KREMPFII

1921—P. Krempriu H. Lecomte in Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat., 191, figs.

The leaves of this new species from Annam contain single fibro-vascular
bundles and the fascicle-sheath is deciduous. Lecomte’s species is, there-
fore, a Soft Pine (Haploxylon). The dorsal umbo of the cone-scales places
it in the subsection Paracembra while the long and effective seed-wing
associates it with the group Balfourianae.

NOTES ON CHINESE LIGNEOUS PLANTS
H. H. Hu

While working on a manual called ‘Synopsis of Chinese Genera of
Phaenogams with Descriptions of Representative Species’ I find it neces-
sary to make a number of new combinations of species to be mentioned
therein. In this Synopsis I am not following the International Rules of
Botanical Nomenclature in retaining the Nomina Conservanda, but am
using the oldest generic names since the publication of Linnaeus’ Species
Plantarum in 1753. As the Arnold Arboretum in its publications follows
the International Rules, only those combinations which are in accordance

228 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

with these rules are given here. Neither did I attempt to make here the
necessary combinations of all Chinese species, but only of those species
which are included in my book, nor are the new combinations of herbaceous
plants given, since the Journal of the Arnold Arboretum is devoted only
to woody plants. A few supplementary descriptions are published, based
on more complete material in the herbarium of this Arboretum, and a few
new species are proposed and described which I discovered while studying
the herbarium material of this Arboretum in connection with my work.

Vanieria tricuspidata, comb. n
Maclura ain anges Carriére in Ey. Hort. pwety 390.
Cudranus trilobus Hance in Journ. Bot. v1.
Cudrania pipe ies Bureau in Lavallée TA Gear 243 (1876).

E. D. Merrill identified Loureiro’s obscure species Vanieria cochinchi-
nensis with Cudrania javanensis in his Commentary on Loureiro’s Flora
Cochinchinensis, and T, Nakai independently reached the same con-
clusion when he recently studied in the Arnold Arboretum. As Cudrania
is not a nomen conservandum and Vanieria is an earlier name, it should
be adopted, hence the new combination.

Polychroa scabra, comb. no
Pellionia scabra Bentham, Fl. “Honek. 330 (1861).
Polychroa is another of Loureiro’ s genera which E. D. Merrill succeeded
to identify with a more recent and generally accepted genus, in this case
Pellionia Gaudichaud. Following him I propose this new combination.

Magnolia Fordiana, comb. n
Manglietia Fordiana Oliver in ‘Hooker’ s Icon. xx. t. 1953 (1881).

Manglietia differs from Magnolia in having six or more ovules in each
carpel instead of two. I quite agree with Prantl (in Engler & Prantl,
Nat. Pflanzenfam. m1. abt. 1. 16 [1888]) in considering the difference not
of generic importance and consequently in the reduction of Manglietia to
Magnolia.

Spatholobus aoa comb, n
Butea parviflora Roxburgh, Hort. Deas 53 (1814); Fl. Ind. mr. 248 (1832).
Spatholobus Rockavobes Bentham in Pl. Jungh. 288 (1851-55).

Aspidopteris orbiculata, comb. n
Hiraea hala Roxburgh, Hort. Bano 90 (1814), nomen; Wallich, PI.
Rar 3 (1830).

s.
Hiraea ore ace h, Fl. ea - bas (1832).

Hiraea rotundifolia geet Sea l.

Aspidopteris nutans Hooker f., Fl. “rit Ind. 1. 421 (1875).—Non A. Juss.

Fagara mengtzeana, nom.
Zanthorylum multifoliolatum aes in Hooker’s Icon. xxvi. t. 2595 (1899).
This species is referable to Fagara, and as there is already a Fagara
multifoliolata Engler which is a native of Pondoland, Africa, a new name
is proposed here.

1924] H. H. HU, NOTES ON CHINESE LIGNEOUS PLANTS 229

Walsura trijuga Kurz var. microcarpa, comb. n
Heynea trijuga Roxburgh var. microcarpa Pierre, TL. eee Cochinch. v. in
textu ad t. 355 (1899).

Harms (in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 11. abt. 1v. 303 [1896])
reduced Heynea Roxburgh to a section of Walsura Roxburgh and in
following him a new combination of Pierre’s varietal name becomes neces-
sary.

Tapirira hirsuta, comb. n
Robergia hirsuta Paha, “i Sa 1. 455 (1832).
Tapiria hirsuta Hooker f., Fl. Brit. Ind. 1. 28 (1879).

Tapirira Aublet was vublished : in 1775, while Tapiria Jussieu was not
published until 1789, thus the former generic name should be adopted.
As Hooker f. used Jussieu’s Tapiria, we cannot ascribe the correct com-
bination to him, although the difference between these two names is
slight, therefore the combination under Tapirira should be considered as
new.

Stemonurus hainanensis, comb. n
Gomphandra hainanensis Merrill in Philip Journ. Sci. xx1. 348 (1922).
Stemonurus Blume was published in 1825, Gomphandra Wallich in
1832, therefore the former generic name should be adopted and a new
combination made for this species.

Elaeocarpus kwangtungensis, sp. nov.

Ramuli foliorum basibus asperata. Folia obovata, 4-9 cm. longa et
2-3.5 cm. lata, obtusa vel obtuse cuspidata, obtuse et adpresse serrata,
basin versus angustata et in petiolum planum subalatum 5-12 mm. longum
decurrentia, supra glabra, subtus pilis fasciculatis verrucas elevatas
insidentibus instructa. Peduuculi et pedicelli satis validi; pedicelli 6 mm.
longi. Fructus ellipsoideo-oblongus, satis siccus, laevis, 12-14 mm. longus

Affinis E. chinenst Hooker f., sed differt foliis obovatis non acuminatis,
basi in petiolum latum non canaliculatum decurrentibus et subtus pilis
fasciculatis in verruculis leviter elevatis instructis.

KWaANGTUNG: Vicinity of Canton City, C. 0. Levine, Canton Christian
College Herbarium, no. 1623, September 24, 1917 (type). This specimen
was identified by E. D. Merrill as E. chinensis Hooker f. from which it
differs in several important points, as stated above.

Elaeocarpus yentangensis, sp. nov.

Arbor 4.5 m. alta. Folia sparsa, lanceolata vel oblanceolata ad elliptico-
obovata, 7-9 cm. longa et 3-4 cm. lata, breviter et obtuse acuminata, basi
cuneata vel rotundata, ut videtur articulata, remote vel dense adpresse
serrata, supra glabra et lucide viridia, subtus obscure et pallide viridia,
satis manifeste reticulata; petioli 1.5-3 cm. longi. Fructus late ellipsoideus,
12 mm. longus et 9 mm. diam., pallide coeruleus, carnosus, rugosus in sicco.

230 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou. v

Affinis E. glabripetalo Merrill, sed fructus major et crassior.
CHEKIANG: South Yeng-tang Shan, Ping-yang district, H. H. Hu, no.
287 (type), August 24, 1920.

Sloanea sinensis, comb. nov.

Echinocarpus sinensis Hance in Jour. Bot. xx11. 108 (1884).

Tree about 10 m. high, with spreading and pithy branches. Leaves
oblanceolate, acuminate, obtusely or acutely cuneate at base, entire or
remotely dentate above the middle, veins and reticulations not very
prominent, glabrous above, puberulous beneath especially along the veins,
10 cm. long, 4 cm. broad; petiole 1-3 em. long. Flowers greenish-white,
about 1.5 cm. in diameter; peduncle 6-8 cm. long, gray-pubescent. Sepals
oblong, about 6 mm. long, 4 mm. broad, gray-pubescent. Petals broader
than long, deeply lobed, gray-pubescent. Stamens numerous, crowded;
anthers apiculate, with straw-colored sericeous pubescence. Ovary
conical, gray-pubescent. Fruit with 5-6 stellately spread woody valves
colored purple inside; setae rigid, slender, filiform, covered with straw-
colored pubescence. Seeds with a yellowish arillus, solitary in each cell.

Kwanertuna: Lo-fau shan, EF. Faber, September, 1883 (Herb. Hance,
no. 22216).

CHEKIANG: Swen-chi, southern Yeng-tang shan, Ping yang district,
H. H. Hu, no. 95, August 26, 1920.

This species was confused with Sloanea Hemsleyana Rehd. & Wils.,
from which it differs in its smaller flowers and generally paler pubescence
of flower and fruit. As the original description was based only on a
fruiting specimen, a more complete description including that of the flowers
is given here.

Eriolaena szemaoensis, sp. nov.

Arbor 5-10 m. alta; ramuli graciles, plus minusve stellato-tomentosi,
mox glabrescentes. Folia orbiculari-ovata, 6-11 cm. longa et 7.5-10 em.
lata, apice obtusa vel obtuse acuteve acuminata, basi late cordata, toto
margine crenato-dentata, supra stellato-tomentosa, subtus dense fulvide
stellato-tomentosa; petioli plus minusve stellato-tomentosi, 2-3.5 cm.
longi. Flores 3.5 cm. diam., in paniculis multifloris; bracteolae paullo
infra flores, lineari-lanceolata, circiter 4 mm. longa, acuta, integra, reflexa,
cinereo-tomentosa; alabastra oblonga, acuta, medio leviter constricta;
calyx initio spathaceus, demum 5-partita; sepala lineari-lanceolata, extus
fulvide stellato-tomentosa, intus colorata et sparse adpresse tomentosa,
2.5 cm. longa et 3.5 mm. lata; petala obovato-spathulata, ut videtur
lutescentia, sepalis aequilonga, circiter 5 mm. lata, unguiculo villoso;
tubus staminalis 18 mm. longus; antherae 3 mm. longae; stylus villosus,
apice clavatus et glandulosus, stigmatis lobis 8 brevibus erectis. Capsula
pedunculo incrassato et valido insidens, conico-ovoidea, 3.5—5 cm. longa
et 2-2.5 cm. diam., apiculata, dense fulvide stellato-tomentosa, 8-valvata,
valvis acutis in costis tuberculatis demum ‘glabrescentibus, intus villosis;

1924] H. H. HU, NOTES ON CHINESE LIGNEOUS ‘PLANTS 231

semina 8 in quoque loculo, biseriata, adscendentia et imbricata, alis ad
12 mm. longis exclusis 4-5 mm. longa.
Affinis E. spectabili Planch., sed differt floribus minoribus, valvis capsulae
acutis, foliis crenato-dentatis et subtus dense fulvide stellato-tomentosis.
Yunnan: Szemao, A. Henry, nos. 11873 (type), 12506, 12506 A and
12506 B

Eriolaena glabrescens, sp. nov.

rutex 3 m. altus; ramuli plus minusve stellato-pubescentes. Folia
orbiculari-ovata, 7-11 cm. longa et 6.5-10 cm. lata, acuta vel breviter
acuminata, basi truncata vel late cordata, crenato-serrata, supra sparse, ad
venas subtus densius stellato-pubescentia, demum utrinque glabrescentia,
petioli 2-3 cm. longi; inflorescentia corymbosa, multiflora, rufo-stellato-
tomentosa; bracteolae spathulato-ligulatae, profunde pinnatifidae, circiter
1.5 em. longae, rufo-stellato-tomentosae; alabastra conico-oblonga, apicu-
lata, flavido-alba; filamenta tubi staminalis et antherae breviora quam in
specie precedente; stylus villosus, lobis stigmatis 8 recurvis. Fructus
ignotus.

Affinis E. Candollet Wall., sed differt foliis utrinque glabrescentibus venis
rufis stellato-pubescentibus exceptis, juvenilibus etiam stellato-pubescen-
tibus tantum in venis et venulis.

YUNNAN: Szemao, southern mountains, A. Henry, no. 12343 (type).

Pterospermum Levinei Merrill in Philipp. Jour. Sci. x1. 125 (1918).

Tree about 13 m. high; the young parts densely rusty to whitish tomen-
tose; branches terete, glabrous, slender. Leaves oblong to obcuneate,
acuminate to short-cuspidate, subcoriaceous, entire, base slightly in-
equilateral and truncate to obcordate, brownish-olive, shining and glabrous
above, densely tomentose beneath, 8-14 cm. long and 4-5.5 cm. broad;
petiole about 8 mm. long; stipules ovate to oblong-ovate, entire, inequi-
lateral, acute to acuminate, minutely white-tomentose on both surfaces,
about 5 mm. long, deciduous. Flowers axillary, solitary or 2-3 together;
peduncle stoutish, 5-10 mm. long, densely tomentose, bracteoles 2,
laciniate, lobes subulate, tomentose, persistent; pedicels about 5 mm.
long; calyx deeply divided, to 2.5 cm. long, segments narrow spathulate,
obtusish, tomentose outside, appressed sericeous-villose inside, 2 cm. long,

mm. broad; petals red, spatulate, as long as the calyx-segments and
slightly broader; stamens 34 as long as the rough and stellate-pilose
rudimentary stamens, 1 cm. long; anthers linear, 5 mm. long; ovary ovoid,
densely hirtellate. Fruit ellipsoid to oblong-ellipsoid, terete, apex minutely
and shortly acuminate, base stipitate, densely and minutely rusty stellate-
tomentose, 4.5—5 cm. long; stipe about 8 mm. long; seeds with wings about
2.5 cm. long, 6-7 mm. pee

Kwanertunea, Hain.

In the herbarium of — Arnold Arboretum there is a flowering specimen

232 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

of Pterospermum collected by Faber at Hainan without number, which
was formerly identified as P. acertfolium. Upon critical examination I am
sure that it is identical with Merrill’s new species collected by Levine at
Canton. As the latter was based on a fruiting specimen only, I give here
a complete description including that of the flowers based on Faber’s
specimen

Syzygium gracilentum, comb. nov
Eugenia gracilenta Hance in Journ. Bot. xxim. 7 (1885).
Hance referred this species to the sect. Syzygium. Since it is better to
separate Syzygium from Eugenia as a distinct genus, I propose this new
combination.

Gilibertia acuminatissima, comb. nov.
Dendropanax acuminatissimum Merrill in Philipp. Jour. of Sei. xu, 152 (1918).
Gilibertia Ruiz & Pavon was published in 1794 and Dendropanax Plan-
chon in 1854. Nakai reduced the latter to a section of Gilibertia (see p. 22
of this vol.); in following him I propose this new combination.

Maesa Henryi,

Maesa peers Mer j in Engler Pflanzenr. 1v.-236 (Myrsinac.) 44 (1902),
pro parte.

Frutex 1.2-1.8 m. altus. Folia elliptica vel lanceolata, 10-15 cm.
longa et 3.5-5 cm. lata, acuminata vel acuta, basi subrotundata vel cu-
neata, remote serrata vel subintegra, supra glabra, subtus ad venas puber-
ula; petioli ad 12 mm. longa. Inflorescentia diffuse paniculata, multiflora,
glabra; pedicelli graciles, patentes: flores albi, in sicco pallide cremei;
calycis lobi late triangulari-ovati, obtusi, patentes, tertiam partem corollae
aequantes; corolla rotato-campanulata, lobis ovatis patentibus. Fructus
succulentus, turbinatus vel subglobosus, 6 mm. longus, calycis lobis per-
sistentibus patentibus coronatus; semina angulata, nigra.

nis M. castaneifoliae Mez, sed differt inflorescentia laxiore, corolla
rotato-campanulata, fructu magis majore succulenta et seminibus nigris.

YUNNAN: Szemao, A. Henry, nos. 11625 (type) and 11625 A; G. Forrest,
no. 16151.

SzEcHUAN: Yangtze banks, E. H. Wilson, Veitch Exp. no. 4059, April,
1904; Bank of Yangtze, Chung chow, alt. 150 m., E. H. Wilson, no. 3257,
April, 1908.

Tylophora Dielsii, comb. no

Hoyopsis Dielsii Léveillé in Pedde, Rep. Spec. Nov. x1. 262 (1914).

Tylophora Hoyopsis Léveillé, FI. ents Ta 44 (1914).

The combination made by Léveillé under Hoyopsis was not in ac-
cordance with the rules of nomenclature as he disregarded his former
specific name given under his genus Hoyopsis, therefore a new combination
is necessary.

1924] WILSON, A NEW SPECIES OF REEVESIA 233

Brandisia Hancei Hooker f., Fl. Brit. Ind. 1v. 257 (1885).
Brandisia discolor Hance in Jorn Linn. Soe. xvut. 299 (1880).—Non Hooker

Stellate-tomentose shrub 1.5 m. high, stem glabrous or scaberulous;
branchlets usually densely rusty, woolly-tomentose, terete. Leaves op-
posite, ovate-lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, acute, cordate at base, sub-
entire or obsoletely serrate, with deciduous rusty tomentum when young
and finally glabrous and with impressed veins above, densely rusty to-
mentose and with prominent veins beneath, thickly coriaceous, up to 5 cm.
long and 2.5 cm. broad; petiole densely rusty-tomentose, about 5 mm.
long. Flowers axillary, solitary or 2 together; peduncles 5-6 mm. long,
pedicels up to 8 mm. long, both densely tomentose as well as the outside
of the calyx; calyx broad-campanulate, 12 mm. long, 5-dentate, teeth
broad, rounded-triangular, cuspidate, with strong midrib and 2 lateral
veins, villosulose inside; corolla 2.5 cm. long, 12 mm. broad, tubular-
campanulate, throat slightly swollen under the upper lip, tomentulose
outside and inside, upper lip straight, subentire, 6 mm. long, lower lip
shortly 3-lobed; stamens 4, didynamous, included; anthers rounded-reni-
form, attached at the back, covered with a long coarse beard in front;
style very long, slightly dilated at the apex; stigma punctate. Capsule
ovoid-globose, tomentose, 1 cm. in diameter, acute at the apex, subtended
by the persistent calyx.

SzECHUAN, YUNNAN.

As there was never published a good and detailed description of this
species since Hooker separated it from B. discolor, I take this opportunity
to remedy the deficiency.

Tricalysia mollissima, comb.
Diplospora mollissima Sy ae in n Sarge nt, Pl. Wilson. ur. 401 (1917).
In reducing Diplospora De Candolle to a section of Tricalysia Richard,
it is ee to make this combination.
ARNOLD ARBORETUM,
October, 1 1924.

A NEW SPECIES OF REEVESIA
Ernest H. WILson

Reevesia sinica, sp. n
a aol Wallichir Dunn in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxxrx. 484 (1911).—Non R.
ernie pubescens Rehder & Wilson in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 11. 376 (1915).—
Non Masters.
Arbor 20-metralis; truncus circuitu 1.5 m., cortice saturate cinereo,
firmo, leviter rimoso; ramuli hornotini tomento fulvo stellato dense obtecti,
demum glabrescentes et rubro-purpurei. Folia petiolata, coriacea, oblonga

234 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

vel elliptico-oblonga, rarius elliptica, 3-5 cm. (pleraque 8-12 em.) longa
et 1.5-6 cm. (pleraque 3.5-5 cm.) lata, integra vel rarius dentibus paucis
remotis supra medium instructa, acuminata, rarius obtusa, mucronulata,
basi rotundata vel truncata, interdum angustata, rarius leviter subcordata,
utrinque nervis 3-6 curvatis et ascendentibus subtus elevatis supra leviter
impressis, venulis reticulatis, supra sparse subtus dense pilis stellatis
flavido-cinereis obtecta; petioli 1-3.5 cm. longi, villosi. Flores numerosi,
in paniculam 3-9 cm. altam dispositi; pedicelli 0.5-1.5 em. longi et rhachis
stellato-pubescentes; bracteae et bracteolae membranaceae, lineares,
0.2-0.5 cm. longae, caducae; calyx infundibuliformis, 0.6—0.8 em. longus,
5-dentatus, dentibus ovatis obtusis vel acutis, cinereo-stellato-pubescent-
ibus; corolla alba, calyce duplo longior, petalis patentibus obovato-spatu-
latis margine undulatis et saepe sparse ciliatis, extus pubescentibus;
columna staminalis longe exserta, 2-3.5 cm. longa, antheris flavis.
Fructus lignosus pyriformis, 3.5 cm. longus et 2.5 em. latus, sulcatus,
apice depressus, basi acutus.

WesTERN Cuina. Szechuan: Monkong Ting, descent of the Pan-lan-
shan, side of stream, alt. 2300 m., E. H. Wilson, no. 4395, October, 1910
(fruiting; type); cultivated Hort. Berckmans, Augusta, Ga., raised from
Wilson’s no. 4395, received Herb. Arnold Arboretum May 9, 1917 (flowers);
cultivated Hort. J. C. Williams, Caerhays Castle, Cornwall, England,
raised from Wilson’s no. 4395, flowered August, 1924. Yunnan: Mengtsze,
alt. 1800 m., A. Henry, no. 11510; without precise locality, G. Forrest,
nos. 15897, 17640.

In Sargent’s Plantae Wilsonianae this tree is identified with R. pubescens
Mast. from the mountains of Sikkim and Botan, but we had only fruiting
specimens. Now with flowering material available obvious differences are
apparent. It is certainly closely related to R. pubescens Mast. but in
that species the leaves are thinner and cordate or rarely truncate at the
base and the flowers, which are said to be pink, have linear-spatulate
petals and shorter calyx teeth. The other Himalayan species R. Wal-
lichti Br. with which Dunn confused this Chinese plant differs markedly
in its thinner very sparingly stellate-pubescent leaves, truncate or rounded
at the base, much smaller flowers and oblong fruit. The Chinese R.
thyrsoidea Lindl., native of Hongkong, with which the Formosan R. for-
mosana Kanehira is probably conspecific has smooth, shining, lanceolate
to oblong, rarely elliptic leaves, narrowed or rounded at the base and quite
glabrous and flowers about one-third the size of our new species, and a
smaller fruit. In Fedde, Rep. Spec. Nov. rv. 330 (1907) Messrs. Léveillé
and Vaniot briefly describe a plant as R. Cavaleriei but the description is
too incomplete for definite identification, indeed, it is doubtful if it belongs
to the genus.

I saw only one specimen of this interesting new Reevesia during my
travels in China and that was growing in a remote district in western
Szechuan where it was known as the “Soh-lou” tree. Both Henry and

1924] REHDER, NEW SPECIES, VARIETIES AND COMBINATIONS 235

Forrest collected specimens of this tree in Yunnan where it would appear
to be more common than farther north. The tree I saw had rough firm
gray bark, rather slender, spreading branches which formed a flattened
round crown. Fortunately it bore ripe fruit and I was able to send a good
supply of seeds to the Arnold Arboretum. These were widely distributed
and germinated freely. A plant raised from these seeds flowered for the
first time in cultivation in the nursery of P. J. Berckmans Company,
Augusta, Georgia, early in May, 1917; in August of this year it flowered
for the first time in England in the garden of Mr. J. C. Williams at
Caerhays. With its terminal heads of white, fragrant flowers with protrud-
ing genitalia it is a singularly handsome tree. It has not proved hardy
in the Arnold Arboretum and requires a mild genial climate in which to
thrive.

NEW SPECIES, VARIETIES AND COMBINATIONS FROM THE
HERBARIUM AND THE COLLECTIONS OF THE
ARNOLD ARBORETUM !

ALFRED REHDER

Juglans notha (J. regia X Sean), hybr. nov.

Arbor ramis patentibus comam ; ramuli auranti-
aco-flavidi vel cinereo-brunnei, puberuli et sparse ae secundo
anno glabrescentes. Folia petiolo glanduloso-puberulo et crispo-pilosulo
8-10 cm. longo incluso 30-50 cm. longa, 7—9-foliolata; foliola elliptica vel
oblongo-elliptica, 8-14 cm. longa et 4.5-7.5 cm. lata, terminale late ellip-
ticum, 12-15 cm. longum et 8-11 cm. latum, apice subito breviter acu-
minata, basi obliqua truncata, remote et minute denticulata, supra glabra,
subtus ad costam, venas et sparse ad venulas glanduloso-pubescentia,
utrinque venis 10-15 instructa. Amenta mascula 4—5 cm. longa; flores
bractea pubescente et perigonii lobis minute puberulis, filamentis brevis-
simis, antheris oblongis apice crista truncata instructis. Fructus sub-
globosus glanduloso-puberulus et pilosulus; nux globoso-ovoidea, circiter
8.5 cm longa, basi truncata, apice subito acuminulata, sutura elevata
subalata, facie rugosa areolis vix elevatis, vel in altero specimine gibboso-
rugosa et interdum in utraque parte leviter 3-costata; paries ossea lacunis
4 majoribus et 4 vel 5 minoribus instructa; dissipimentum osseum, circiter
1 mm. crassum, lacunosum, mediam nucem aequans vel paullulo superans.

SPECIMENS EXAMINED: Arnold Arboretum, cultivated under no. 14777
A. Rehder, October 9, 1921 and May 20, 1924; Hort. R. Bates, Jackson,
South Carolina, W. G. Bixby, October 19, 1919 (as “‘Siebosian Walnut’’).

This hybrid was raised in this Arboretum in 1878 from seed sent by
A. Lavallée from Segrez, France. Of the seedlings raised two trees have
been growing here; one of them, which is now dead, was lee J. Siebol-

1 Continued from p. 59.

236 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

diana, as herbarium specimens show, while the other which is still alive,
shows clearly the influence of J. regia. It is a large tree about 18 m. tall
with a round spreading head and a trunk 1.65 m. in girth and clothed with
shallowly fissured gray bark. Its leaves differ from those of J. Sieboldiana
in having only 7-9 leaflets which are comparatively broader, glabrous
above and less pubescent beneath and on the margin only remotely and
minutely denticulate with the minute mucro-like teeth about 5 mm.
distant from each other. From J. regia the leaves are easily distinguished
by the more numerous and larger leaflets remotely denticulate on the mar-
gin and pubescent on the midrib and on the veins beneath. The fruit is
subglobose, less densely pubescent and less viscid than that of J. Sieboldiana
and the nut is very much like that of J. Sieboldiana in its general appearance
and structure except that the suture is less prominent and the apex only
slightly and abruptly produced into a short mucro. The nut from the
tree on Mr. Bates’ place differs somewhat in being larger with a more
prominent suture and a more rugose and gibbous surface, but in the
foliage there is little or no difference.

Juglans notha var. Batesii (/. regia K Sieboldiana var. cordiformis),
hybr. nov.

A typo hybridae differt nuce longiore magis ovoidea et acuminata,
leviter compressa et leviter rugulosa—Folium unicum 7-foliolatum foliolis
obtusioribus, ceterum ut in typo.

SPECIMENS EXAMINED: Hort. R. Bates, Jackson, South Carolina, W.
G. Bixby, October 19, 1919 (as “‘Cording Walnut”’).

The nut of this hybrid differs little from that of J. Sieboldiana var.
cordiformis except that it is longer and more ovoid and slightly rugose, but
the leaf shows clearly the influence of J. regia and does not differ from that
of typical J. notha.

Philadelphus Delavayi var. calvescens, var.
Philadelphus He ede se in Notes Bot. Gard. Edinb. vir. 291, 292, nos.
5032, 5036 (1912).— oehne
Phi ea phus Delavayi Stapf in Bot. Mag. cxuiv. t. 9022 (1924).—Non L.

A typo recedit foliis tantum subtus ad costam venasque et sparsissime
ad venulas adpresse setoso-pilosis vel interdum fere glabris supra sparse
adpresse setoso-pilosis, petiolis sparse adpresse pilosis vel glabris.

UNNAN: “‘in collibus prope Lichiang versus occ.,” C. Schneider, no.
1896, July 18, 1914 (fl. albi, frut. ad 4 m.”’; type); Mo tao tsin, Kou ty,
near Pe yen tsin, Siméon Ten, no. 469, April 15, 1917 (8-12 m.) and no.
543, 1918; eastern flank of the Tali range, alt. 3000-3300 m., moist open
situations amongst scrub, G. Forrest, no. 5036, July-August, 1906 (flowers
creamy white, fragrant; one of the three branches on the sheet in the
Arnold Arboretum herbarium is referable to P. Henryi Koehne).

This variety which differs from the type chiefly in the glabrescent leaves

1924] REHDER, NEW SPECIES, VARIETIES AND COMBINATIONS 237

has been confused with P. nepalensis Koehne which, however, is easily
distinguished by the leaves being glabrous or nearly so above and on the
lower surface bearded near the base in the axils of the veins with long
villous hairs, glabrous on the midrib and on the veins and light green, not
glaucescent, by the longer and comparatively narrower stigmas and the
green calyx. The variety occurs in the same region as the type of which
I have before me specimens from the Lichiang range (G. Forrest, no. 2195,
C. Schneider, no. 1806), from between Yung ning and Yung peh (C.
Schneider, no. 3505) and without precise localities (G. Forrest, nos. 16211,
16412 and 1933), all in Yunnan and one from southern Szechuan, between
Hunka and Woloho (C. Schneider, no. 1529).

The plant figured in Botanical Magazine was raised from seed sent by
G. Forrest to England; the type was introduced to France by J. M.
Delavay in 1888.

Neillia sparsiflora, sp. nov.

Frutex gracilis; ramuli hornotini floriferi pilis patentibus ad 2 mm.
longis glanduliferis rubescentibus sparse vel interdum densius obsiti,
ceterum glabri, annotini rubri vel rubescentes, glabri. Folia ovata vel
ovato-oblonga, 3.5-6 cm. longa, longe acuminata, basi truncata vel sub-
cordata, basi lobis 2 triangulari-ovatis acutis instructa, ceterum lobulata,
inequaliter et fere dupliciter serrata dentibus acuminulatis, supra laete
viridia et glabra, subtus pallidiora et costa venisque sparse gianduloso-
pilosis et axillis barbatis exceptis glabra, venis utrinque 5-6; petioli glandu-
loso-pilosi, ceterum glabri vel apicem versus adpresse pubescentes, 1-1.5
em. longi; stipulae ovato-lanceolatae, glandulose serrato-ciliatae, petiolo
circiter duplo breviores, glabrae. Racemi 4—6-, vel interdum ad 12-flori,
pedunculo gracili incluso 3.5-4.5 em. longi; rhachis ut pedunculus pilis
longis rubris glanduliferis sparsius vel densius obsita, ceterum glabra;
bracteae lanceolatae, glanduloso-ciliatae, pedicellum 3-4 (in typo) vel 1-2
mm. longum superantes; calycis tubus urceolato-campanulatus, 7 mm.
longus et in sicco 5-6 mm. latus, extus glaber, intus medio tantum vil-
losulus; sepala ovato-lanceolata, acuminata, integra, 4 mm. longa, extus
apicem versus leviter pubescentia, intus dense villosula; petala ovalia,
4.5-5 mm. longa, ciliolata et supra medium minute eroso-denticulata, ut
videtur dilute rosea; stamina 20 et fere uniserialia (in typo) vel 25-30 et
inaequaliter inserta (in specimine altero), longiora ad 2 mm. longa et sepala
media superantia; ovarium supra medium pilosum, ovulis circiter 9; stylus
4.5 mm. longus, filamenta longiora fere aequans, stigmate parvo.

NORTHWESTERN YUNNAN: Kou ty, near Pe yen tsin, Siméon Ten, nos.
462 (type) and 531, 1917 and 1918.

This species seems most closely related to N. affinis Hemsl. and to N.
longeracemosa Hemsl.; from both species it is easily distinguished by the
glabrous calyx-tube, the smaller, usually few-flowered raceme and the
presence of long red gland-tipped hairs on the branchlets and on the rachis,

238 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

by which character it differs also from all other species of the genus known
to me.

Prunus yedoensis var. perpendens Wilson, n. var.

This variety though marked by long pendent branches is identical with
the type in flowers and foliage. It is growing on the estate of Mr. David
Fairchild, Chevy Chase, Maryland, having been imported from Japan.
It is a singularly attractive tree well worthy of wide cultivation. Probably
this is the “ Yoshino-shidare zakura”’ of the Japanese.

E. H. Wilson.

Thea Henryana, comb. no

Camellia Henryana Cohen Stuart j in Mededeel. Proefstat. Thee Buitenzorg,
XL nt (1916); in Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, sér. 3, 1. 290, t. 30, fig. 15

(1919
Curna: Yunnan, Szemao and Mengtze.

Thea Pitardii, comb. n
Thea sat Pitard ad Diels i in Notes Bot. Gard. Edinb. v. 285 (1912).—

on
lng "Pitardié Cohen Stuart in Mededeel. Proefstat. Thee Buitenzorg,
XL. 68 (1916); in Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, sér. 3, 1. 240 (1919).
CHINA: ae.

Thea Crapnelliana, comb. n
Camellia Crapnelliana Tutcher i in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxxvu. 63 (1904).

Cuina: Hongkong.

In his Thesis on the Tea plant Dr. Cohen Stuart (1. c. 57 [1916]; 232
[1919]) uniting as most botanists have done the two Linnaean genera
Camellia and Thea, chose the name Camellia for the genus because Sweet
in 1818 first united these two genera under Camellia and according to
art. 46 of the International Rules of Botanical Nomenclature the name
selected by the author who first unites two or more genera of the same
date has to be accepted. In this case, the two names, however, though
they both date from 1753, were not published at the same time, for Thea
appeared on page 515 of vol. I. of Linnaeus’ Species plantarum, while
Camellia was published on p. 698 of vol. II. of the same work. As B. D.
Jackson in a note on Linnaeus’ Species plantarum (in Jour. Bot. LXI. 174
[1923]) shows conclusively, the two volumes were not published at the
same date, but the first volume came out in May, 1753, while the second
volume did not appear until August of the same year, therefore Thea has
clearly the priority of Camellia. Dr. Cohen Stuart, when I drew his
attention to B. D. Jackson’s article and the inference to be drawn from
it regarding the nomenclatorial question in the case of Camellia and Thea,
agreed that it showed conclusively the priority of the name Thea and
asked me to transfer those species of Camellia enumerated in his paper
which had not yet received a binominal combination under Thea. This
has been done above. Of the species enumerated by him without a com-

1924] REHDER, NEW SPECIES, VARIETIES AND COMBINATIONS 239

bination under Thea but which have — received a binominal under
that genus I append the citations her
Thea gracilis (Hemsl.) Hayata in Teer. Pl. Formos. v1. Seca ; ed
Thea lutchuensis (Ito) Matsumura, Ind. Pl. Japan, 1. 361 (19
Thea confusa Craib in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1914, p. 5.
Of Camellia Costei Léveillé in Fedde Rep. Spec. Nov. x. 148 (1911)

I have seen no specimens and as it is doubtful if the plant described by
Léveillé belongs to this genus, I think it better to defer the coining of a
new combination until the status of this plant has been clearly established.

Cornus dubia (C. amomum X paucinervis), hybr. nov.

Frutex ramis patentibus demum arcuato-dependentibus; ramuli horno-
tini subteretes, apice tantum leviter angulati pilis ferrugineis arcte ap-
pressis conspersi, supra purpurascentes, subtus virescentes, annotini
glabri. Folia ovato-lanceolata vel oblongo-lanceolata, 5-8 cm. longa et
1.5-3.5 cm. lata, acuminata, basi late cuneata vel cuneata, supra laete
viridia, lucidula, sparse appresseque pilosula, subtus pallide viridia, ad
costam sparse pilis appresis ferrugineis albidisque mixtis sparse et ad ve-
nas sparsissime instructa, in facie sparse pilis appressis albidis conspersa;
petioli 5-10 mm. longi, appresse breviterque pilosi. Corymbi longe pe-
dunculati, 5-7 cm. diam., laxe pilis albidis ferrugineisque conspersi; sepala
oblongo-lanceolata, glabrescentia, fere longitudine ovarii sericeo-pilosi;
petala lanceolata, 5 mm. longa; filamenta et stylus apice manifeste clavatus,
petalis circiter triente breviora. Drupa 6-8 mm. diam., appresse pilosula,
maturitate initio intense coerulea demum fere nigra vel purpureo-nigra;
putamen circiter 4mm. altum et 4-5 diam., leviter compressum et leviter
sed distincte costatum.

SPECIMENS EXAMINED: Arnold Arboretum, no. 13456, A. Rehder, July 2
and September 12, 1923.

This peculiar Cornus originated in the Arnold Arboretum apparently
from seed of C. paucinervis Hance. It is clearly intermediate between
this species and C. amomum Mill. and I have little doubt that it is a hybrid
between these two species. From C. paucinervis it is clearly distinguished
by larger and broader leaves with 3-4 not 2-3 pairs of veins, more distinctly
ferrugineous-pilose on the veins beneath and of thinner texture, by the
longer petioles usually 6-8, not 3-5 cm. long, and by the larger, more blue
and earlier ripening fruit with a distinctly ribbed, slightly compressed
stone and as broad or broader than high. From C. amomum it differs
chiefly in the less deeply purple-colored and less densely pubescent branch-
lets, in the narrower leaves much less ferrugineous-pubescent beneath and
with 3-4, not 4-6 pairs of lateral veins, in the smaller finally almost black,
never light blue or whitish fruit with a smaller less strongly ribbed stone
not or not much broader than high.

This new hybrid forms a wide-spreading bush with slender branches and
produces in July its numerous corymbs on short branchlets along the arch-
ing branches; the fruits are profusely produced and of uniform dark blue
or nearly black color.

240 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [von. v

Osmanthus ilicifolius Standish in Proc. Hort. Soc. Lond. 11. 370 (1862),
nomen.—Monuillefert, Arb. Arbriss. 11. 982 (1896).—Nakai, Trees Shrubs
Jap. 1. 268 (1922).

Ilex Aquifolium Thunberg, Fl. Jap. 79 (1784).—Non Linnaet
Ilex Aquifolium var. heterophylla Ait.? apud Blume, Bijdr. 1150 (1860).—Non

Aiton

Olea ilicifolia Hasskarl, Cat. Hort. Bogor. 118 (1844).

Olea Aquifolium Sie bold & Zuccarini in Abh. Akad. Muench. rv. pt. 1. 166
(Flor. Jap Tan . Nat. 1. 42) (1846).

Osmanthus y Pram Siebold ex Siebold & Zuccarini, l.c. = pro synon.—
Bentham & Hooker, Gen. Pl. 11. 677 (1876), “O. aquifoli

Olea aquifolia c. ilicifolia Dippel, Handb. Laubh oe 1. 14 1 (189 1).

Osmanthus Aquifolium var. tltcifoltus Nicholson in Kew Hand-list Arb. 11.
89 (1896).

As the combination 0. Aquifolium is based on a non-valid name, it can
not be considered a valid binominal and has to be replaced by the com-
bination with the next oldest specific name which is “‘ilicifolia.”” This
change makes necessary the following new combinations, as Mouillefert
(l.c.) published only O. clicifolius var. myrtifolius and var. latifolius.

Osmanthus ilicifolius f. variegatus, comb. n
Osm anthus aquifolius variegatus Standish in Bu Hort. Soc. Lond. 1. 615

Osmanthus Aquifolium var. foliis argenteo-variegatis Lavallée, Arb. Segrez. 169
18

( :
Osmanthus Aquifolium var. argenteus Bailey in Cycl. Am. Hort. ur, 1177
(1901).

Osmanthus ilicifolius f. aureus, comb. n
Osmanthus Aquifolium var. foliis aureo- neath Lavallée, Arb. Segrez. 169

Osmanthus Aquifolium var. aureum Bailey in Cycl. Am. Hort. m1. 1177 (1901).

Osmanthus ilicifolius f. purpureus, comb. n
aplicroca Ee var. tlicifolius purpureus ‘Nicholson i in Kew Hand-list,
11. 89
Previn Aquifolium var. atropurpureus Schneider, Ul. Handb. Laubholzk.
1. 790 (1911).

Osmanthus ilicifolits f. rotundifolius, comb. n
Olea Aquifolium var. rotundifolius pene Ziergeh. pi 2, 229 (1884)
a Aquifolium var. rotundifolius Nicholson in Kew Hance list Arb.
9 (18 96).

Buddleia Davidii var. nanhoensis, comb. n
Buddleia Ai theses var. nanhoensis Chittenden in Jour. Roy. Hort. Soe.
XLVI. 193 (1922).

This variety of which plants are growing in this Arboretum differs from
the other described forms chiefly in its lower stature with slender spreading
branches, in the rather narrow, lanceolate leaves 7-12 cm. long and 1.5-3
cm. wide, gradually narrowed at the base into a very short petiole, and in
the slender and rather loose inflorescence measuring only about 3.5 cm.
through; the fragrant flowers are pale lilac with small orange eye and the
corolla is quite glabrous outside with the limb about 8 mm. across.

1924] REHDER, NEW SPECIES, VARIETIES AND COMBINATIONS 241

This variety was introduced by R. Farrer in 1914 from near Kwanting
in the Nan-ho valley, Kansu.

Viburnum acerifolium L. f. ovatum, f. nov.

A typo recedit foliis manifeste ovatis indivisis margine tantum repando-
dentatis, eis in apice ramulorum sterilium saepe integris vel fere integris
et ovatis vel oblongo-ovatis.—Folia 6-12 cm. longa et 3.5-8.5 cm. lata,
acuminata, basi cordata vel subcordata, subtus moiliter pubescentia;
petioli 1-2 em. longi; ceterum ut in typo.

New York: Cobs Hill near Rochester, H. B. Slavin, no. 4, June 10 and
August 23, 1920 (type).

MASSACHUSETTS: steep rocky wooded slope, North Adams, Berkshire
Co., M. L. Fernald & Bayard Long, no. 10461, June 23, 1913.

InpIANA: in a White Oak wood 2 miles east of Grayford, Jennings Co.,
C. C. Deam, no. 38593, May 30, 1923.

This form with its undivided ovate leaves looks quite distinct from the
typical 3-lobed form and bears some resemblance to V. affine var. hypo-
malacum Blake but is easily distinguished by its longer-petioled, larger
leaves, the smaller flowers and the differently shaped fruit. The specimen
from Massachusetts has smaller leaves than the type, not exceeding 7 cm.,
and that from Indiana has the leaves more strongly toothed with broad
triangular teeth.

Plants of this form received from Rochester in the autumn of 1920 are
growing in this Arboretum.

Dipelta floribunda Maxim. var. ea, var. nov.

Dipelta coal ella N. Meyer in U.S. Dept. Agric. Bur. Pl. Indust. Invent.
Seeds Pl. Imp. xt11. 36, 54, nos. 39905, 40037 (1918).—Non Franchet

A typo recedit foliis minoribus late ellipticis vel elliptico- aiecolatis
3.5-6 cm. longis subtus ad costam venasque sparsius breviusque pilosis,
petiolus ramulisque glabrescentibus vel breviter puberulis, pedunculis ut
videtur saepissime unifloris, pedicellis sparsius pubescentibus, sepalis
subulatis 3-4 mm. longis, corolla circiter 2 cm. longa et sensim in tubum
angustata, ovario apicem versus tantum hirsuto.

SPECIMENS EXAMINED: Arnold Arboretum, A. Rehder, June 12, 1924
(raised from cuttings sent by F. N. Meyer from Paoji, Kansu, to the U. S.
Department of Agriculture in 1914 and distributed under no. 40027).

This variety differs from the typical form only in the smaller size and
slighter pubescence of all its parts. It is not as ornamental as the type
which has up to six flowers on a peduncle with the corolla varying between
2.5 and 3 cm. in length. As far as I know the species has not yet been
recorded from Kansu.

Diervilla Middendorffiana Carr. f. bicolor, comb. n
ee Midd pert ag var. bicolor Regel in Gartend. vi. 4, t. 183
(upper two flowers) (1857)
eiense EXAMINED: Bot. Gard., Forst-Akad. Muenden, H. Zabel
Aug. 5, 1873 (as no. 18; received from Haage & Schmidt, Erfurt, in 1872).

242

JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v

This form differs from the type in the conspicuous purple markings on
the lower lip. Regel states that the flowers are somewhat shorter than
in the type, but the specimen before me has flowers about 4.5 cm. long;
the leaves are rather thin and pilose beneath chiefly on the midrib and on
the veins.

(To be continued)

ERRATA

Page 12, line 15 from below for J. Hers, no. 252, read H. H. Hu, no. 253.

a
-

a
a

a
-

a
.

a
ra

a
a

«
“

13, line 23 and 24 from above change to
get e ricinifolium Harms & Rehder in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1.

564 (19
i degen sre Harms in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges.
XXvil. t. 5, fig. a-D (1918).

13, line 26 and 27 for no. 602 read no. 602 in part.

18, line 28 from above for Fupe read Hupeh.

13, line 28 after Silvestri add no. 1601.

13, line 30 from above for 2020 read 12629 and add Huang tsauba
Taipinggai, prov. Kweichou, H. Handel-Mazzetti, no. 10346.

21, line 15 from below for arboricolum read arboricola.

29, line 14 from above for Nakai read Nikai.

32, lines 3-9 from above strike out and replace by lines 17-23.

32, line 17 from above for Hsi read Hsien and transfer lines 17-23
to take the place of lines 3-9. The citations under ARALIA
CHINENSIS var. NUDA (line 17-23) should be replaced by the
following citations:

Cuina: near Chang hua, prov. Chekiang, F. N. Meyer, no. 1569;
prov. Chili, Pére Chanet, no. "93; Lushih, prov. Honan, J. Hers, no. 1151;
Tai pei shan, prov. Shensi, W. Purdom, no. 1; South Wu-shan, prov.

e H. acolo no. 1288; Monte Triora, prov. Hupeh, C. Sil-
vestri, no. 1609; n-lan-shan, prov. Szechuan, . Wilson, no.
4386; Min valley, aie Szechuan, E. H. Wilson, no. 4560; prov.
Szechuan, E. H. Wilson, Lev Exped, no. 3692; south of Red River,
prov. Yunnan, A. Henry, no. 947

33, line 18 from ee for 1840 aa 1843.

35, line 11 from above for 1824 read 1843.

55, line 20 from below for x11 read xmt.

55, line 13 from below for on-sieded read one-sided.

56, line 8 from below for 643 read 6431.

150, lines 9-11 from above change to
4 fruticosa (Hemsl.) Gamble in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1. 77
ce

Benzoin — oo) Rehder in Jour. Arnold Arb. 1
(1919).—Hers in J N. China Branch R. As. Soc. L111. 107
(1922); Lise Ess. ligt. Honan, 4(1922).

Synonyms are printed in italics;

Acanthopanax, 1
Acanthopanaz, 7, 9, 11

— sect. Cephalopanax, 5
leutherococcus,

—-

— — Euacanthopanaz, 1, 2, 5, 9
—E

vodiopanax

— — Orthacanthopanarx, 1

_-— Series teoee
nthorylo

— subsect. Evacanthopanay, 2

— — Ionostachyae

— — Zantho ropes

— acerifolium, 1

— aculeatum, 1

— asperatum, 6

a isla 5

— commixtum

— divaricatum, 6

— — inerme, 6

— Eleutherococcus, 10

-= isrenhiins 8
_ ferrugineus, 8

_ — Fouriei ei, 10

— gracilistylum, 4

— nipponicum, 2
¢ ha, I) 1l

—_—

—— see ll
— ricinifolia,

rnin, 11, 12, 13, 242
13

arimowiczit, 11
_ ae 7
— senticosus, 10
— — inermis, 10
— se

— sessiliflorum, 5

nerme,
— trichodon, 5
— trichodon, 11
— trifoliatum, 1

INDEX

new names in bold-face type.

— N colmpr 127

rifidum,
— Simin 42
— discolor X lutea,
= discolor mollis X neglecta,
— discolor mollis X neglecta oe 47
— DuPontii, 46

essei, 4
— georgiana, 45
_-— estan yi

— — pubese
a tie monticola, 41, 127
aX hy

_ ede Peat. 42
— Pavia 7 47
Agalma
—_ eae 20

— taiwanianum, 19
Akebia lobata, 137

~- oe 138
— quina
Alnus eas 0
prance sintia sinica, 193
— asiaticus, 193

— canadensis,
Amorpha fruticosa, 125
== ies 1

— tangutica, 215

— Persica, 213

244

Amygdalus Persica multipler, 214
— — Potanini, 215

— pilosa, 216

8p.,
— tangutica, 215
Andromeda, 49, 54, 55
— sect. Lyonia, 54
— Maria, 55

dosa
— Loan latifolia, 55
— lacu

— lanceolata, 52
_— — pubescens, 50
— lucida,

_ aoa 51

— ovalifolia, 52

— paniculata foliosiflora, 50
— — tomentosa, 50

— polifolia latifolia, 55

— tomentosa, 50

— villosa, 53

Aralia, 27

— sect. Dimorpanthus, 28
— — Ginseng, 33

— — Paratroyia, 21

_ canescens, 30, 31

— — nuda, 32, 242

-_-— nage 31

— cordata

_-— seas tivediala, 29

— Decaisneana, 32

— edulis, 28

— elata, 30

— — aureo-variegata, 31
1

— Faribuki, 15

INDEX [voL. v

Aralia glabra, 28
— hypoleuca, 29

— Mitsude, 23
— nudicaulis, 28
pyrifera, 18
_— scoiganiy phylla, 8, 10
— Planchonian
— quinquefolia Sassen 35
— — repens, 33
— racemosa soils 28, 29

— 7)

— spinosa, 129

— spinosa, 29, 30, 32

— — canescens, 30, 31

— — glabrese

Araliaceae “sta Japonici, 1

Araliastrum

Ardisia escallonioides, 49
paniculata,

Paani and Oklahoma, The Ligneous Flora

of, 108
Armeniaca Davidiana, 212
Arnold Ar = etum, New Species, Varieties
and Combinations from the Herbarium
and the ae of the, 49, 235

50
Ascyrum eee 128
— stans,
Asimina triloba, 123
Aspidopteris nutans, 228
— orbiculata, 228
Azalea myrtifolia, 103

Benzoin aestivale, 123
_ cercidi olium, 150
Lod 14

ucum, 148
capita ces 150
— reflexum, 150
— umbellatum, 149
Berberis aggregata, 140
— amurensis, 143
— brachypoda, 142

1924]

Berberis aggregata salicaria, 142
— Caroli, 140
— — hoanghensis, 140
— chinensis, 1

i ta, 139
— dasystachya, 142
— diaphana, 139

circums

— heteropoda oblonga, 142
— integerrima stenophylla, 140
— levis,
— Liechtensteinii, 139
— nepaulensis, 144
-- aphid tae 139
— Poiretii, 140
_ meee 141
is, 141
_ — Potaninii, 139
— Purdomii, 140

_— or 141
— Wallichiana, 138
Seas ioe 127
Betula n
Bogie, 21

— kot

Buddleia a ve nanhoensis, 240
— variabilis nanhoensis, 240

Bumelia corn

Butea parviflora,

INDEX

Callicarpa americana, 131
Calycanthus praecoz, 14

Comal ie 238
— Hen

_ Rank. 2
inus colin, 120

os
— Buckleyi arkansana, 120
— cordiformis, 11
— came .
— ovalis obovalis, 120
Castanea Marti 120
— ozarkensis, 120
siete aude 127
— ov
Celi Biondi, 73
iondii, 74
—— hs ophylla, 7
Be esis pike 738,74
— Leveillei, 73
— — heterophylla, 74
— — holophylla, 74
— laevigata, 122

_-— caer 122

pec eaeiang occidentalis, 130
Cephalopanaz sessiliflorum, 6
Cerasus spec., 221

Cercis canadensis, 125

eran rag japonica, 185

— lagenaria, 185

——— Wilsonii, 185

— sinensis, 186

fs ee eed
Chinese Ligneous Plants, om on, 227
Chionanthus virginica, 131
Chosenia eucaly ptoides, 72
— splendida,

Cocculus carolinus, 122

— diversifolius cinereus, 144

— Thum mbergut Sia 145

Coprosmanthus japonicus, 72
Cordia thyrsiflora, 3

Cornus amomum X paucinervis, 238
— dubia, 239

— florida, 129

liqua, 129
Cotoneaster acutifolia, 176

246

Cotoneaster acutifolia pekinensia, 176
— — villosula, 176
— — villosula,
— adpressa, 175
— crenulata, 178

— Dammeri radicans, 178
_ le og

gracilis
_— Sila 175
rpusilla, 175
— melanocarpa, 176
— microphylla, 175
— moupi is, 176

— multiflora, 177

— — soongarica,

lii,
rataegus a ihie. 124
— Bibas, 69

— bracteata, 124

Sp.,
— spathulata, 124
— spiralis, 65
—_ straminea, 124

Cydonia japonica, 185
_— — gen >

— oblonga, 184
— sinensi is, a

— vulgaris
Daphne pane 82

INDEX [voL. v

Daphne papyrifera, 82
a macropodum Lhuysii,

Dosis Fargesii, 187

nax, 22
acuminatissimum, 232
— japonicum, 23, 24
— morbiferum, 22
— spec., 24
— trifidum, 23
— 55
—nt
Destzna alba, 154
— Bar na, 155
_ — corymbosa, 158
rviflora, 157
_ a asi ea
— — albida,
— glabrata, ba
— glaberrima, 158

us, 30
Diospyros sloveeres 130
— — platycar 80
abi floribunda parviflora, 241

Diplofatsia, 18

— polycarpa, 18
Diplospora mollissima, 233
Dirca palustris, 128, 183
Distylium gracile, 77
— racemosum, 77

My

1924]
Eastern Asia, Some new and noteworthy

ligneous aries
Echinoe nici pear 230
4

— Gardneri, 82

— Dicksoni, 39
glabrescens, 40
— — japonica, 40

— — typica,

— tomentosa, 41

8
— — pyrifolia, 39
— taiwaniana, 38
— thyrsiflora, 38
-_-—_— ee 38
i ‘a, 37
sal ae ae on Novae Asiaticae, 36
Elaeagnus kiusiana, 8
Elaeocarpus kwangtungensis, 229
gensis, 229
cus, 9

— japonicus, 10
— variegatus, 11
niaphyllus, 11
— senticosus, 9
— — inermis, 10
— — subinermis, 10

INDEX 247

seein of the aca Plants of
N ina, II, 1

67
minatissima, 71

nin a, 72
_ bengalensis, jo
— isk
eats 70
—_ — Brackloy 68

hylla, 68

— Sait 70

— deflexa, 71

— — buisanensis, 70
—- grandiflora, 72

— Henryi, 70

— japonica, 69

— lasiogyne,

— luzoniensis, 69

— oblongifolia, 70

— obovata,

— philippinensis, 71

— prinoides, 68

— prionophylla, 7
Bieri 70

Pak
Ericbotryae ied Sino-Japonicae, Raphio-
lepidis et,
Eriolaena on 231
— szemaoensis, 230
Eucommia ulmoides, 166

ns,
edhe cope americanus, 126

6
Rrcehirds Gireldit, 174

m 228
Fagus grandifolia one 120
Fatsia, 16

248

Fatsia, 15,18

— horrida, 1

— japonica, 16

— — albo-marginata, 16

— — albo-marginata, 16

— — aureo-reticulata, 17
— — aureo-reticulata, 17

— — aureo-variegata, 17
— — aureo-variegata, 17

— — lobulata, 17

ulata, 17
— — undulata, 17

arpa, 1
Forsythia suspensa, 134
— viridissima, 134

— koreana, 134
Forsythia viridissima var. koreana, 134
a sinensis, 166
Traxinus americana, 131
Gilibertia, 2
— sect. Elbert, 22
— — Vendropanax, 22
— — Textoria, 22
— acuminatissima, 232

— erriae* imme 24
trifida, 2

Gledi itsia uiee 125

— — japonica, 2
— — japonica foliis variegatis, 26
— — rhombea, 26
— — rhombea argentea, 27
—_—— — _— —— nata, 27

7

— — rhombea siaesalin 27
— — submarginata, 26

— japonica, 23, 26

— japonica, 25

INDEX [voL. v

Hedera japonica argentea, 27
— variegata,

— anit aia: 25

— rhombea, 23, 25

— — variegata, 26

— senticosa, 10

— subgen. Agalma, 19
Hentanleurum. 21

—_— u- y!

— arboricola, 242
— arboricolum, 21
—-_— narinn V}

phy 20, 21
— racemosum, 19
Heynea pera microcar pa, 229
Hiraea nut
— orbi

da, 15
Hoyopsis Dielsii, 232
Hv, H.H., Notes on Chinese Ligneous Plants,

227
Hupeh, The Rhododendrons of, 84
Hydrangea arborescens, 123
— Bretschneideri, 158
—-— Honerrgtes 159
— — Giraldii,

asinine 159

— (rraldii, 159

— spec. ‘‘ Hortensie,”’ 160
— vestita, 158

escens, 158
— xanthoneura glabrescens, 159
toh nat

— — Wilsonii, 159
Hypericum oklahomense, 128
— prolificum, 128
lex Aquifolium, 240
hylla, 240
— caroliniana, 126
— decidua, 126
— opaca, 126
Juglans nigra, 119
— notha, 23
— — Batesii, 2
— regia X Sieboldiana, 235

1924]

Juglans regia x ueaiae cordiformis, 236
Juniperus virgini

‘adsura chinensis, ae.
or aay ll

Kalopanaz, 1,

— divaricatum, 6
—in ns, 8
— ricinifolium, 11
— ricinifolium, 12, 242

63
Leucothoe sect. Moria, 55
— coriacea, 5

ae ich -

— mari

Ligneous F ee of Rich Mountain, Arkansas
and Oklahoma, 108

Lindera cercidifolia, 150

Liquidambar eae 166
— Styraciflua, 1
Litsea fruticosa, a

Lyonia, 49, 54, 55
— subgen. hie 54

-

— — Pieri

_ Unter - aria, 55
— frondosa

_ neta bewea: 50

Maesa castaneifolia, 232

— Henryi, 23

Magnolist souvent 122, 132
erma, 145

— Julan, 146

INDEX 249

Magnolia liliiflora, 146
— obovata, 146

— parviflora, 145

_ 8 ,,

— spec., oa

— tomentosa, 82

_ petal, “on 182

ulan,
Mahonia an 143
i 4

— persia 192
—sp.,1
_ ce 190
theifera, 192

— toringoides, 193
— transitoria, 192

— toringoides, 193
M Monghieia Fordiana, 22

za Cc ba 147
Meliosma 0 Oldham
— sinensis, 80
Men nispermum canadense, 122
4

iflora, 148

Micromeles alaifoi, 183
— tiliaefoli
Morus rubra, 122
Nakat, T., Araliaceae Imperii Japonici, 1
— ee quaedam Novae Asiaticae, 36
as. Oy 7 tee See 2 rel . qs

J aponicae, 61

— Some new and noteworthy ligneous plants
of Eastern Asia, 72

Nandina domestica, 138

250

Neilils sinensis, id

Neopieris, 55

— mariana, 51

New Species of Reevesia, A, 233

New Species, Varieties and Combinations
from the Herbarium and the Collections of
the Arnold Arboretum, 49, 235

North American Trees, Notes on, XII, 41

Northern China, Enumeration of the Lig-
neous Plants of, II,

Notes on Chinese Ligneous Plants, 227

Notes on North American Trees, XII, 41

Notes on the er Pinus

Nyssa sylvatica

Oklahom a, The eee pipe of, Rich
Mountain, Arkansas an

Olea onli las
—— on

3, 240

_— aia 2 240

um, 15
Opuntia humifusa, 129
Oreopanax, 19

— form
paler ie lum, 240
_—— argen nteus

—— aureum, 240
-_-— Solis argenteo-variegatis, 240

2A
—— hoes —— 240

= pgnesfolinas Lena 240
— ilicifolius, 240

spec., 181
Ostrya virginiana, 120

INDEX

{voL. v

Oxycoccoides japonicus sinica, 56

Pater, Ernest J., The Ligneous Flora of
Rich Mountain, Arkansas and Oklahoma,
108

— Ginseng, 35
-_-— iit eat 33
— — japonicum dichr acre 34
— — japonica soa nfokilshem
— — japonicum a 34
— — repens
— — repens sifololabem: 34
— innovans, 8
_ ei apes
ae aie, 34
— — incisum, 34
— — lancifolium, 34
-_-— trifoliolatum, 34

— quinquefolia coreensis, 35
— — (Ginseng, 35

— — japonica, 34, 35

— — subsessilis, 33

— repens, 33

— ricinifolium, 11

— schin-seng, 35

_-— a 35

— — cultum, 35
_— spontaneum, 35

— spinosum, 3
Paratropia, 19, 21
Parthenocissus quinquefolia hirsuta, 128
Pavia mutabilis,
Pellionia scabra, 228
Pentapanax, 27
— castanopsidicola, 27
Persica Davidiana, 215
— — alba,
— Simonii, 211
aris, 21
Philadelphus coronarius, 151
— pekinensis, 15

1924]

Phi sp raasam Delavayi, 236
yi calvescens, 236
— incanus, nav
— — Baileyi, 153
— laxiflorus, 152

, 236
— pekinensis, 151
— — dasycalyx, 152
_— i ai 123, 132
— — intectus, 123
— ee 158
— subcanus, 153
Phoradendron flavescens, 122
Photinia buisan 0
— deflexa, 71
— luzoniensis, 69
— — acuminatissima, 71
oe Sisboldit, 63

pec.,
— villosa sinica, 184
Sir a amurensis, 167
Preris, 5
— sect. Papi 55
-— 55
_— Bodinieri, 54
— bracteata, 54

— — pubescens, 53

Pinus echinata, 119

— Krempfii, 227

Pinus, Note on the Genus, 225

Pipa, 6

aioe see Pyrus

Pittosporum glabratum, -
latanus occidentalis, 12

— — glabrata, 124

INDEX 251

Plectronia chinensis, a
Polychroa scabra, 2
Populus a virginiana, 119
Potentilla davurica, 200
mm neitshiicssn OO

— erlocarpa, 200
— fruticosa, 199

Prinsepia uniflora, 224
unus Armeniaca, 212
—— ansu,
— — sibirica, 213
— & salicina, 212
— brachypoda, 22
neand M4

— Bungei, 219
— Cerasus, 221

— Giraldiana, 220
— glandulosa, 220
— — Purdomii, 21

—_—— villosula, 218

— macrophylla, 78
_ aap sphaerocarpa, 78
— mexicana, 124

e, 211
_ Pao ana, 124
— nepalensis sericea, 224
— Padus, 222
—— — pubescens, 223
— — Purdomii, 223
— pauciflora, 221

252
Prunus pauciflora aff., 220
— pendula, 221

— Persica, 213

— salicina, 210
— sericea septentrionalis, 224
— serotina, 124
_ saueilite pubescens, 222
— setulosa, 22
— sibirica, 213
— Sieboldii, 221
— Simonii, 211
ne 224

223
_ stipulacee, 220

— velutina, 224
— yedoensis perpendens, 238
Pt 1 Pee! 5

Pterospermum Levinei, 231
Pyracantha crenulata, 178

Pyrus Aria, 184

— 181, 182, 183
— baccata,
—_—— ieee 191, 192

INDEX [voL. v

Pyrus baccata sibirica, 191
— betulaefolia, 188

— communis, 186, 187
— — communis Pyraster, 187
vj

— microphylla, 183

ee , 186
— pashia, 189

mon 8
— sinensis, — 187

— sane 190
— transitoria, 192

-- ler 75
— rubra

—_ Shuman eae 121

— wena rnp, 76
— velutina
— missouriensis, 121

aa — wrightii, 75

1924]

Raphiolepidis et Eriobotryae Species Sino-

Japonicae
Haiitiolerts, 61
— crataega

— — grandifolia, 61
— — latifolia, 67
mek gene)

gensis, 67
_— ose 65
— — spira
—_— Tashiroi,
— — typica, 65
— integerrima, 62
— SAROO 62, a
2, 63

_ liukiuensis, .

— phaeostemon, 65
— pheostemonia, 66

64
— Steboldii, 63

1, 23
Reevesia, in New Species of, 233
ALFRED, Enumeration of the Lig-

— New Species, Varieties and Combinations
from the Herbarium and the Collections of
the Arnold Arboretum, 49, 235

INDEX 253

Rhamnus caroliniana, 1
pelcciossensy ee 92
atroviride,

— au ucubaefolium, 105
— Augustinii, 100

— album, 101
— — violascens, 101
— auriculatum,
— — roseum, 99
— Benthamianum, 102
— chionophyllum, 91
— concinnum, 102

— Fortunet Houlstonii, 95
— — Kirkii, 96
— gracilipes, 91
— holmleaense, 97
— Houlstonii, 95
h 1 01

_ ee 103
— mo

—_ contain, 129
— ovatum, 103

_ ais 105
— praevernum, 8

— roseum, ie 133
— Simsii, 107

— stamineum, 105

- citahn f RR
— — Geraldii, 89
— Wilsonae, 106

— yanthinum, 101

neon ie of eo The, 84
Rhus canaden:

— trilobata,
Ribes name ge 164

—— minus, 164
— ae estre, 165
_ ae giganteum, 166

254

Ribes bureiense, 165

— chifuense, 16

_ — 164

— curv 123

_ rab) 123, 182

— emodense, 161

—— glandulosum, 162

— — urceolatum, 161

ae a 162

_ Wi coset
— chinense, Sy

— Giraldii, 165

— a 164

ossularioides, 165
— himaloyense 161, 162

— himalense, 161

— latifolium, 161

— macroc coe 1) 165
161

61
-_-— ea, 161
-— — 161
— — mandshuricum, 161
— Maximowiesi 163

mo pulchellum, 164

— — inerme, 164

_ m, 161

— stenocarpum, 166

— tenue, 164

— tricuspe, 164

— tripartitum, 16

Rich Mountain, eee and Oklahoma,
The seme Flora of, 108

Robergia hirsuta, 229

Robinia TR 125, 183

Rosa acicularis, 205

— Banksi
— Banksiae, 203
— — norm alis, 203

on
_ pon len 201

INDEX

[voL. v

Rosa chinensis, 203
— Davidii, 205
— davurica,

203
— Luciae poteriifolia, 202
a macrophy la a 205, 206

-- = macrophylla er 206

— multiflora, 201

—_— pesca 201
—-—c a, 20

_-— yaks 201

— — Praegeri, 202
——-var., 201

— omeiensis, 210

— pimpinellifolia, 208

— Prattii, 208

— Roxburghii normalis, 203

— — Chamissoniana, 204

— —feroz,
— floribus plenis, 204

_-— vubeolen: 204

— — rubro-plena, 204

— sericea, 210

— setigera tomentosa, 125

— spec., 201, 206, 208, 209

— subserrulata, 125

— Sweginzowii, 210

_ ginsowi. 207

— Sweginzowii, 206, 210
__+ inling: nsis. 210
— Wichuraiana, 202

08
malis, 209, 210

hanmdes

Rubus acuminatissimus kansuensis, 199
= Nore 197
— amabili

1924}

Rubus Andrewsianus, 125
— biflorus, 195
L

— Davidianus, 195

— flosculosus, 197

— flagellaris invisus, 125
— frondosus, 1

— Giraldianus, 198

— — hakonensis, 194
— lasiostylus, 196
— mesogaeus, 198
— oxycomus, 198
— niveus, 196
— occidentalis, 125
if

— — adenochlamys, 197
— — purpureus, 196

pus, 194, 199
SarGEnT, C. S., Notes on North American
Trees, XII, 41
Sassafras officinale, 123
Salix acuttfolia, 73
— eucaly ptoides, 72
— long “ae hice 119
— nobilis,
_— nigra, i

Schisandra chinensis, 147

INDEX 255

—— Lite hog sinensis, 147

Bikauake ery 147
gi GrorceE RusseE.i, Notes on the Genus
us, 225

Sibirace laevigata angustata, 173

— chin

— glauca, 11

_ ee ps

— japo
= tun 119
— trine

Some new aa pegs ligneous plants
from Eastern Asia,

Sorbaria arborea, 174

— arborea glabrata, 174

— Kirilowii,

— sorbifolia, 173, 174

— — Kirilowi, 173
Sorbus alnifolia, 183
—a

—_ pohuashanensis 182
— tapas

Be trek jini 228

— Rozxburghii, 228
Spiraea alpina, 168
— angulata, 172
— betulifolia, 172
— Blumei, 170
— cantoniensis, 170
— crenifolia mongolica, 168
— dasyantha, 169
— Fritschiana, 172
ng

-- hyperiifolia 167
—— hupe 68
—_—— paleusiaed 168
— Japoni lca os

— — typica, 172

os Kirilowit, 173

256

Spiraea longigemmis, 172

—_ erp hae
Staphylea Nee
Stemonurus at aieesie: 229

sine romp chinensis, 167

cisa,
evened ambigua, 72

Syzygium gr tum, 232
Tapiria hirsuta,
a hirsuta, 229

Tete 4. -a Lhuyswi, 78
netuah ax, 18

— papyriferum, 18

— ricinifolium, 12
Teztoria, 22

— Pitardii, 238

238
Tilia fl rasa 127

poleuca, 12
Tricalysia mollissima, 233

rnata, 78
Tylophora Dielsii, 232
— Hoyopsis, 232

INDEX [VoL. v

Ulmus alata, 122

— japonicum sinicuen, 56

— stamineum

— vacillans crinitum, 130

Viburnum acerifolium — 240
— molle leiophyllum

_ apse onan pene 1,5

— rufidulum, 131

Walsura trijuga microcarpa, 229
Wendlandia glabrata, 83
Wendlandia emcee ies
Witson, Ernest H., A New Species of
Reevesia, 2
— The ees of Hupeh, 84
X olisma, 54
Xolisma, 49
— sect.Arsenococcus, 54
—— aida nia a
— Pieridonss 55
— compta, 5
— ligustrina, i
— — pubescens, 50
50

Yucca glauca, 119
Zanthorylum multifoliolatum, 228
ifoliatum, 1

— trifoliatum

JOURNAL

OF THE

ARNOLD ARBORETUM

EDITED BY
CHARLES SPRAGUE SARGENT

VOLUME VI

LANCASTER, Pa.
1925

Reprinted with the permission of the
Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University
KRAUS REPRINT CORPORATION
1967

No. 1 and 2 (pp. 1-128) issued April 3, 1925.
No. 3 (pp. 129-188) issued July 30, 1925.
No. 4 (pp. 189-226) issued October, 1925.

Printed in U.S.A.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Norms on Cratanaus. By C. 8. Sargent. occ. 6 anne hcikee be ees ee idoe ds 1

Synopsis or NortH AMERICAN CratagGi. By Ernest J. Palmer.........

ADDITIONS TO OUR KNOWLEDGE OF THE FLora oF Hainan. By E. D. Merrill. . 129
T. H. H 140

FurtHER Notes ON CHINESE LiGNEOUS PLANTs. By & LE Me a
Two New TREES FROM CHEKIANG. By Woon Young Chun.............. 144
Two ii GENERA OF BAMBUSACEAE, WITH SPECIAL REMARKS ON THE
R pD GENERA GROWING IN EAsTERN Asia. By T. Nakai.......... 145
Bene RUGULOSA, A NEw SPECIES FROM WESTERN CHINA. By Susan Delano
DBP | OR ea ae er PON are er ae a 53
AmeLasorBus, A New Biceneric Hysrip. By Alfred Rehder............ 154
HE RHODODENDRONS OF EASTERN CHINA, THE BONIN AND LivuKiIu ISLANDS
AND OF Formosa: By Ernest H. Wilson. .......... 00. c ccc cee es
JosepH BANKS: IcONES SELECTAE PLANTARUM QUAS IN JAPONIA COLLEGIT ET
Deuineavir Encetpertus Karemprer. By T. Nakai................ 186
CATALOGUE OF TREES GROWING NATURALLY IN THE VICINITY OF SARDIS
ALLAS County, ALABAMA. By R. S. Cocks.......... ccc cece eee cee
Is Quercus ARKANSANA A Hysrip? By Ernest J. Palmer................ 195
RHODODENDRON CurysocaLyx Lrv. & Vanior. By Ernest H. Wilson...... 200
NEw SPECIES, VARIETIES AND COMBINATIONS FROM THE HERBARIUM AND THE
COLLECTIONS OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM. By Alfred Rehder.. 201
AMERICAN TREES AND SHRUBS IN THE Park oF HarArmasor, Rowan IA
Tue Exact Dates or PUBLICATION OF MIQuEL’s ANNALES MusEI Boranict
Luapuno-BatTavi AND Pro.Lusio FLorag JApPontcarn. By 7. Nakai.... 211
ge 5 ea anh ee ante ee Mie Vow ia has bane 213
Ay eee er eek bs 6 as eo xa ee ee ee eee wet «weak auteees 217

JOURNAL

OF THE

ARNOLD ARBORETUM

Votume VI JANUARY anv APRIL, 1925 NuMBER 1 & 2

NOTES ON CRATAEGUS
C. S. SARGENT

Mr. Ernest J. Palmer in going critically through Crataegus in the
Arboretum herbarium has made some interesting observations.

One of the most interesting of these is the fact that Crataegus olivacea
(Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. ux11. 153 [1910] ) based on a speci-
men of the Crus-galli group collected in the valley of the Little Juniata
River near Altoona, Pennsylvania, in 1905 by B. H. Smith in May and
by C. S. Sargent in September, is the same as the plant cultivated in
Europe for at least one hundred years as Mespilus Fontanestana Spach
and Crataegus Fontanesiana Steudel; also the plant raised from seeds
received from the Paris Museum in 1876 and grown in the Arboretum
as Crataegus Fortunei, an unpublished name, proves to be Crataegus
Fontanesiana. This discovery is interesting as showing that the general
opinion in Europe that C. Fontanesiana was of North American origin
was correct.

Crataegus exigua Sargent (in Rhodora, v. 52 [February 1903] ) is probably
best considered, as pointed out by Eggleston (in Rhodora, x. 75 [1908] )
as a variety of Crataegus Crus-galli, C. Crus-galli var. exigua. This plant
must not be confused with the C. exigua of Ashe (in Jour. Elisha Mitchell
Sci. Soc. x1x. 20 {1903]) from Wisconsin, said to be a species of Tenuzfoliae,
but not represented in the Arboretum herbarium.

Crataegus Crus-galli L., after a longer study of the genus, must be
considered more widely distributed and more variable in the shape of
the leaves than was formerly believed; and Mr. Palmer rightly suggests
that C. strongylophylla Sargent (in Rep. Mo. Bot. Gard. xrx. 44 [1908] )
from Webb City, Missouri, cannot be distinguished by any good character
from the Linnaean species and must be considered a synonym of it.

Crataegus arduennae Sargent. To this Crus-galli species with 10 sta-
mens and yellow anthers, first noticed at Glenellyn, Illinois, may probably
best be referred the following Missouri plants as synonyms: Crataegus
ferox Sargent (in Rep. Mo. Bot. Gard. xrx. 52 [1908] ); C. albanthera
Sargent (I. c. 53); and C. candens Sargent (I. c. 55).

2 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou. v1

Crataegus sordida var. villosa, n. var.

The typical form of C. sordida Sargent (in Bot. Gaz. xxx. 114 (1902] ),
a Punctatae species from southeastern Missouri, collected by B. F. Bush
at Pleasant Grove, is quite glabrous with the exception of a few scattered
hairs on the young branches and inflorescence which become glabrous
before autumn, but two trees discovered by Palmer growing together on
the border of upland woods near Fulton in southern Arkansas in 1914,
differ so distinctly in their densely villose young branches, corymbs and
calyx with matted hairs more or less persistent during the season that
it seems necessary to consider these trees as representing a variety for
which I propose the name villosa. As the type of this variety may be
taken Palmer’s Nos. 20,709 and 22,266, collected April 5 and October 11,
1922. To this variety should also be referred specimens from Williams-
ville, Missouri, collected first by B. F. Bush, April 25 and October 10,
1912 (Nos. 6649, 6941) and by Palmer, June 30, 1914 (No. 6147), April
20 and October 9, 1920 (Nos. 17,204, 17,245, 19,413, 19,414).

Crataegus furcata Sargent (in Rep. Mo. Bot. Gard. x1x. 86 [1908] )
was based on a shrub forming thickets on limestone hills near Carterville
and Webb City in southwestern Missouri. It has since been found by
Mr. Palmer, who has seen many thousands of these plants, that when it
descends into valleys along streams in that part of the state it then grows
as a tree indistinguishable from the widely distributed C. viridis Linnaeus
of which C. furcata must be considered a synonym.

Crataegus ignava has been used for two different plants, first by Beadle
in 1901 for a species of the Flavae group and second by Sargent in 1910
(in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. tx11. 228) for a handsome shrubby species
of the Pruinosae group first collected in 1909 near Bedford Springs, Bed-
ford County, Pennsylvania, by the late Benjamin H. Smith of Philadelphia,
for which I now propose the name of Crataegus neosmithii.

The name of Crataegus ampla has been given by Sargent to two different
plants, the first a species of Tenuifoliae from Kutztown, Pennsylvania,
published in September, 1905, and the second a species of Coccineae
from Lanesboro, Massachusetts, published in November, 1905 (in Rhodora,
vit. 208). For the Massachusetts species the name C. neofaxonii is now
proposed, this plant having been discovered in 1899 by the late Charles
KE. Faxon.

Crataegus Ridgwayi, n. sp.

Leaves ovate, acute or acuminate at apex, broad and rounded or slightly
cordate or occasionally cuneate at base, usually slightly lobed with acumi-
nate lobes, and sharply often doubly serrate, scabrate above early in
the season by short early deciduous hairs and villose below, especially
on the midrib and veins, dark green on the upper surface, rather paler
on the lower surface, 4.5-8 cm. long and 3.5-8 cm. wide; petioles slender,

1925] SARGENT, NOTES ON CRATAEGUS 3

densely villose when the flowers open, becoming nearly glabrous, 1.2-3
cm. in length; stipules oblanceolate, long-acuminate, coarsely glandular-
serrate, 1-1.2 cm. long, deciduous in May. Flowers opening early in April,
2 cm. in diameter, in compact many-flowered villose corymbs, furnished
with deciduous hairs; calyx-tube glabrous, the lobes narrow-acuminate,
coarsely glandular-serrate, glabrous on the outer surface, sparingly villose
on the inner surface; stamens 20; anthers “brownish gray”’; styles 2 or 3,
surrounded at the base by a conspicuous tuft of long white hairs. Fruit
subglobose to short-oblong, scarlet, 1.5 cm. in length; nutlets 5, acute
at the ends, broadest at the apex, obscurely grooved on the back, 6-8
em. in length.

A slender tree 4-5 m. high with a trunk rarely more than 15 cm. in
diameter, and spreading branches; common in open woods, growing on
creek bottoms and dry uplands near Olney, Richland County, south-
eastern Illinois, R. Ridgway, May 14, 1921, April 29 and August 20, 1924
(Nos. 1375, 2087 & 2041, type); E. J. Palmer, May 14, 1923 (No. 22615).

Judging by the habit of this tree and the shape of the leaves it is an
unusually small-fruited Molles species approaching in the size of the fruit
plants of the Coccineae group which, although common in northern
Illinois, is not found as far south anywhere as Richland County.

I am glad to associate with this interesting plant the name of Robert
Ridgway, the distinguished ornithologist.

xX Crataegus Whitakeri, n. hyb.? (Molles sp.? X Macracanthae sp.?).

Leaves broad-ovate, acute, rounded or abruptly or gradually narrowed
at base, often slightly divided into short acute lateral lobes and coarsely
and irregularly serrate with acute teeth, sparingly villose below, espe-
cially on the midrib and primary veins, becoming nearly glabrous in the
autumn, dark green on the upper surface, rather paler on the lower sur-
face, 8-10 cm. long and 6-7 cm. wide; petioles stout, densely villose early in
the season, becoming glabrous or nearly glabrous, and 8-15 mm. in length.
Flowers opening early in June, 2 cm. in diameter, on slender pedicels
densely villose like the 6-12-flowered rather compact corymbs; calyx
thickly covered with matted pale hairs, the lobes glandular-serrate, nearly
glabrous above, densely villose below, deciduous or persistent on the fruit;
stamens 20; anthers “‘pale green fading to blackish”’; style surrounded at
the base by a conspicuous tuft of white hairs. Fruit ripening early in
October, on stout pedicels, in nearly glabrous few-fruited clusters, sub-
globose to ovoid, crowned by the persistent calyx-tube, orange red, up to
1.5 cm. in diameter; nutlets 2, ellipsoid, often slightly broader at the apex,
rounded or slightly ridged on the back, furnished on the inner surface
with irregular shallow depressions or ocassionally with a short deep pit,
1-1.2 cm. long, 1 cm. wide.

A tree fan 5-6 m. tall, with a trunk 3.5 dm. in diameter, a wide head
of spreading branches and stout branchlets without spines in the Arbo-
retum specimens.

4 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v1

In an upland field of the Page Whitaker farm, Richland County,
southeastern Illinois, Robert Ridgway, October 7, 1923 (No. 2057, type
for fruit), June 2, 1924 (No. 2105, type for flowers). Small trees in an
adjoining field are believed by Dr. Ridgway to be seedlings from this tree
(Nos, 2057 and 2105) but of these I have seen no specimen.

In habit, spreading branches, stout large branchlets and large leaves
it resembles a Molles species, while in the shape of the leaves, the size and
color of the soft fruit, the two nutlets and the nature of their lower sur-
face it resembles a Macracanthae species.

Crataegus coccinioides Ashe, a species of the Dilatatae, grows in the
neighborhood of St. Louis and is common near Allenton and Pacific,
Missouri. If C. speciosa Sargent (in Trees and Shrubs, 1. 65 [1903] ) is
considered a synonym of Ashe’s species, as the examination of a large
amount of material recently collected by Palmer seems to justify, the
range of this species must be extended to southwestern Missouri, Galena,
Cherokee County, Kansas, and to the neighborhood of Farmington,
Washington County, Arkansas. Ashe includes southern Illinois in the
range of his species but I have seen no specimen from east of the Mississippi
River.

Crataegus cupulifera Sargent (in Rochester Acad. Sci. rv. 129 [1903])
was referred to the Macracanthae by me in the New York State Bull.
167, 119 (1913) but it really belongs to the Rotundifoliae group, and C.
simulans Sargent (in New York State Bull. cxx1r. 125 [1908]) which was
later referred by me to C. cupulifera as a synonym, belongs as originally
described to the Anomalae.

Crataegus Wheeleri, an Intricatae species from Grand Rapids, Michigan,
was published by Sargent in 1907 (in Rep. Geolog. Surv. Michigan, 1906,
552) and is found to be a homonym, a C. Wheeleri from Colorado which
probably belongs to C. Douglasii having been published in 1902 by Nelson
(in Bot. Gaz. xxxiv. 369). There is not a specimen of Nelson’s plant
in the herbarium of the Arboretum. Crataegus diversifolia, with broad
or narrow ovate leaves of the fruiting branches becoming sometimes
distinctly 3-lobed on vigorous sterile shoots, may be adopted as the name
of C. Wheeleri of Sargent.

Crataegus padifolia var. incarnata, n. var.

Leaves ovate, acute and short-pointed at the apex, rounded or abruptly
narrowed at the base, acutely and frequently doubly serrate, and often
slightly divided into short acute lateral lobes, glabrous with the exception
of a few caducous hairs on the upper side of the midrib early in the season,
thin, dark green above, slightly paler below, 3-5.5 cm. long and 3-5 cm.
wide, with a slender midrib deeply impressed on the upper side, and usually
5 or 6 pairs of slender primary veins; petioles slender, more or less glandu-
lar, with glands generally persistent during the season, usually about 1.5

1925] PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERIC AN CRATAEGI 5

cm. in length; stipules oblanceolate, glandular-serrate, caducous. Flowers
1.5 cm. in diameter, in small mostly 5- or 6-flowered corymbs, furnished
with broad conspicuously glandular-serrate deciduous bracts; calyx
glabrous with narrow acuminate glandular-serrate lobes often persistent
on the ripe fruit; stamens 7-10; anthers pale pink; styles 2-4. Fruit
ripening in early October, subglobose, dull crimson, punctate, about 1.5
cm. in diameter; nutlets 3-4, rounded on the back and ends, slightly
broader at the apex than at the base, 5-6 mm. in length.

Usually a shrub from 4.5-5 m. high, with stout stems covered with
dark corky bark, and erect or ascending branches armed with numerous
slender straight or slightly curved dark purple spines 4—5 cm. in length;
or often a small tree 5-6 m. high.

Rocky limestone hills near Galena, Stone County, Missouri, E. J.
Palmer, October 13, 1913 (No. 4645, type for fruit), September 27, 1920
(No. 19,183), April 29, 1924 (No. 24,569, type for flowers), all from plant
No. 3; same locality, May 23, 1923 (No. 22,798), April 29, 1924 (No.
24,568). Rocky upland woods, near Cotter, in Marion County, Arkansas,
E. J. Palmer, June 18, 1914 (No. 6026).

The specimens of Mr. Palmer’s plant No. 3 can probably best be regarded
as a variety of C. padifolia of the Intricatae group which occurs in this
region, and from which it differs in its generally broader and usually slightly
lobed leaves and in its larger and softer crimson fruit.

Crataegus panda has been used for two different plants, first by Beadle
in 1902 (Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 89) for a shrubby species of the Flavae
group from the neighborhood of Tallahassee, Florida, and second by
Ashe in 1903 for a plant from Glendon, N. Carolina (in Jour. Elisha Mit-
chell Sci. Soc. xrx. 29). The description does not give the group to which
this plant belongs and there is not a specimen in the Arboretum herbarium.

Crataegus cirrata was used in 1902 by Beadle (Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1
101) for a shrubby species of the Flavae group from Girard, Alabama.
The same name was used in 1916 by Ashe (in Bull. Charleston Mus. x11.
42) for a plant from Georgia, no information being given of the type locality
or of the group to which it belongs. Ashe’s plant is not represented in
the Arboretum herbarium.

SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI
Ernest J. PALMER
INTRODUCTION
The following alphabetical list and synoptical tables of the North
American species and varieties of the genus Crataegus was compiled

several years ago, in a somewhat different form, for use in the Herbarium
of the Arnold Arboretum. It was not intended for publication and was

6 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. vi

designed merely for convenient reference and to facilitate the identi-
fication of material. The very unusual size of this genus in number of
species, the bulk of material in our herbarium and the large accessions
constantly accumulating, as well as specimens and collections frequently
being received for identification from various parts of the country
became so burdensome, even with the ample library and collection of
types available here, that it was thought worth while to bring together
in as compact a form as possible a synopsis of the information scettered
through many publications and indices. It was hoped also that it might
at some future time serve as the basis for a fuller study and more complete
key to the genus. It is published with some reluctance at this time
in the hope that it may prove of wider use and convenience to students
of American Crataegus, especially to those who do not have access to
much of the original literature or to the collections of the larger herbaria.

It is intended in the index to give a list as complete as possible of
the specific and varietal names that have been applied to North American
Crataegi. Possibly some names have escaped the writer’s attention
that should have been included, and many of those listed are given only
for reference. No attempt is made to give a complete synonymy under
valid names nor of combinations under other generic names. Specific
names that have been variously interpreted by different botanists are
included but once, exception being made in a few cases where it seems
evident that duplication occurred through coincidence and that the
authors were referring to different plants. Several instances of this
sort will be noted, some of which are corrected in a paper by Professor
C. 5S. Sargent appearing in this issue.

As this paper is not intended as a critical study in the sense of a revision
of the genus, I have carefully refrained from making new combinations
and so far as possible from going into the question of the validity of
names that have been published. However, for the sake of clearness
it was found necessary to indicate that certain names are recognized
synonyms of others and where these have been used both as of specific
and varietal rank to designate the preferred form. In such cases the
practice prevailing at present in the Herbarium of the Arnold Arboretum
has naturally been followed and names regarded as synonyms are printed
in italics. A few obvious orthographical errors in previous publication of
names have been corrected and for the sake of uniformity the practice of
doubling the final i after consonants except after the ending “‘er,’’ as recom-
mended in the International Rules of Nomenclature, has been adopted
for all names recognized as valid.

The question of synonymy and priority of names in this genus is much
complicated by the fact that many North American species were first
named from specimens cultivated in European gardens. These names
were often without adequate descriptions or figures or with none at all,
and in almost all cases without any definite records as to the part of the

1925) PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 7

country from which the seeds or plants were derived. North America
was usually considered sufficiently definite and all of the eastern parts
of the continent might be included under the general designations
Carolina, Virginia and Canada. These early names were in many cases
taken up and variously interpreted by later writers. Some of them,
through study of the type specimens where they exist or of the plants
still in cultivation have been found to have precedence over later names
and more careful study will probably reveal other such cases. It is
possible too that duplicate descriptions of some identical plants have
been published under different names by later authors working inde-
pendently.

The species have as far as possible been referred to the natural sections
or groups to which they belong, those recognized being the twenty
wholly or partially arborescent groups of Sargent’s Manual of the
Trees of North America and two additional shrubby ones, Uniflorae
and Pulcherrimae. Perhaps two or three other small groups should be
included in a fuller treatment of the North American species, at least
in the writer’s opinion. The distinctions between these groups are usualiy
clear but in some cases there is an apparent merging of characters and
it is difficult to say to which of two sections certain species belong.
Where the group was indicated by the author of the species his treatment
has usually been followed when the species comes within the recognized
sections, although in a few instances there was some doubt in the writer’s
mind as to the correctness of the reference. Where the original de-
scription does not make the group clear and no specimens were available
for examination I have seldom ventured to supply it and such species
are necessarily excluded from the synoptical tables. These, with other
debatable names that could not definitely be assigned to synonymy
and all others of which I have not seen specimens, are indicated by a
question mark in parenthesis.

The geographical range is given usually by states and provinces
except in the cases of a few widely distributed species where it did not
seem necessary to enumerate all political divisions. Where a wider
range is indicated than that given in earlier publications it is in all
cases based upon specimens examined, most of which are in the Arnold
Arboretum Herbarium. In giving type localities, details have sometimes
been supplied from the type specimens where these were available.

The synoptical tables were designed merely as a temporary substitute
for a more complete key to the genus, the idea being to bring together
species having common characters into small groups so that in connec-
tion with the geographical range only a few would have to be considered
in identifying material. Like ordinary keys they are of course expected
to be used only as guides to the fuller descriptions of the manuals.

In these tables the color of the anthers, number of stamens, glabrous
or pubescent character of corymbs at flowering time and general shape of

8 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. vI

the leaves were adopted for most of the groups, in the order named.
This arrangement may not prove entirely satisfactory for a fuller treat-
ment, but these characters were selected after much experimenting for
two reasons: First, because they have been clearly stated and emphasized
in most of the descriptions of recently proposed species, and second, for
the sake of definiteness. It is extremely difficult to find in dealing with
a genus like Crataegus, in which the number of species is so great and
the differences between them in many cases slight, any common character
that will hold good throughout a large series. The taxonomic value of
characters varies in different groups, but generally there appears to be
considerable variability even within the species in such particulars as
the size of the flowers, the number in the corymbs and the compactness
or laxity of the latter. The shape of the leaves is even less stable and
dependable, many types often being found on a single branch; certain
sorts of serration characterize some species, but in most there is much
variability and differences are only relative; the texture and veining of
the leaves is sometimes characteristic, but this is often modified by
ecological conditions; the color of foliage, though not without significance,
is subject to similar modification. The fruit is often one of the best
guides to group distinctions, but there is quite too much variation
in such particulars as shape, size and color for them to be depended upon
rigidly as specific criteria. The number and shape of the nutlets is
rather constant in some groups and quite variable in others; but these
differences likewise, though furnishing in a few exceptional cases « dis-
tinction between closely allied species, usually serve merely as a guide
to the group. Even the presence or absence of pubescence on the
corymbs, often one of the best specific distinctions, cannot always be
relied upon. In the color of the anthers, if not too narrowly defined, is
to be found at least a distinction that is definite and not one of degree.
Certain species seem to be characterized by having anthers of the yellow
group of shades and others by those of shades that may generally be
called red. These differences are often more or less distinctly cor-
related with the color of the fruit and shade of foliage, especially in its
autumnal aspect.

In the number of stamens there is greater variability and they must
be taken with less confidence and greater latitude as specific distinctions.
As the flowers of this genus are 5-merous these organs normally appear
in multiples of five. Thus in certain species, especially in the Tenuifoliae
group, five appears to be the normal number, and these vary in individual
flowers from four to seven or rarely eight. There is a double series in
another large array of species in which the number may be expected
to vary through suppression or redundancy between eight and twelve
or fifteen, although in the great majority of flowers it is actually ten.
In many species the series is again doubled and we find twenty stamens
or rarely a few more or less. Considerable field observation and study

1925] PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 9

of specimens in cultivation seems to indicate that these characters, as
thus liberally defined, generally breed true in seedlings. Exceptions
may be expected in the case of hypothetical bybrids. It would therefore
appear that the number of stamens and color of anthers furnish one of
the most definite criteria for distinguishing between species, although
perhaps conclusive only when combined with other important though
variable morphologic characters; and they can scarcely be ignored,
especially in the construction of keys, unless we are willing to adopt
a much broader conception of a few variable and composite species.
This of course involves a controversial question upon which there is
the widest latitude for difference of opinion, and which is beyond the
province or purpose of this paper. It is perhaps safe to say, however,
that no competent student of the genus today would be willing to con-
sider returning to the score or so of species recognized by the botanists
of a few decades ago.

A brief synopsis of the fruit characters is given in the tables following
the name of each species. These have in almost all cases been taken
from the original descriptions and it should be remembered that a
considerable deviation from some of these specifications may be expected
in individual plants under varying ecological conditions. At least a
wide acquaintance with many of the species in the field and observation
of specimens under cultivation has led me to this conclusion. In a few
cases where it seemed evident that errors had occurred in the original
descriptions or where the examination of a series of specimens showed
too wide a departure from these descriptions, corrections have been made.
The question mark in parenthesis (?) following name of species and author,
indicates that specimens have not been seen or that the position of the
species in the tables is not definitely determinable from the description
drawn upon.

ALPHABETICAL LIST OF SPECIES AND VARIETIES WITH SECTION
AND RANGE

CRATAEGUS

abbreviata Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. 111. 187 (1922).—Crus-galli.—
Texas (type locality: Brazoria).

abdita Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 75 (1902).—Flavae.—Florida
(type locality: River Junction).

abjecta Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. tv. 636 (1905).—
Intricatae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Sellersville).

aboriginum Sargent in Rhodora, v. 163 (1903) = C. rotundifolia var.
aboriginum Sarg.

abstrusa Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 66 (1902).—Pulcherrimae.—
Florida (type locality: Tallahassee).

accincta Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. nxn. 154 (1910).—
Crus-galliimPennsylvania (type locality: McKees Rocks).

10 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. vI

CRATAEGUS

acclivis Sargent in Proc. Rochester Acad. Sci. tv. 115 (1903).—Coc-
cineae.—New York, Pennsylvania (type locality: Rochester, N. Y. NF

acerba Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxm. 93 (1908).—Silvicolae.—
New York (type locality: Coopers Plains).

acerifolia Loddiges Cat. 8, ex Moench, Baume Weiss. 31 (1785) =C,
Phaenopyrum Medic.

acuminata Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cv. Bot. rx. 56 (1906).—
Tenuifoliae——New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio (type locality:
West Albany, N. Y.).

acutifolia Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxx1. 217 (1901). —Crus-galli.—TIllinois,
Missouri, Tennessee, Arkansas (type locality: Carondelet).

acutiloba Sargent in Rhodora, m1. 23 (1901).—Tenuifoliae.—South-
eastern Canada, New England (type locality: Bar Harbor, Me.).

admiranda Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxur. 80 (1908).—Macra-
canthae.—Ontario, New York (type locality: Ni iagara Falls, N. Y.).

adunca Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 87 (1902).—Flavae.—
Florida (type locality: Tallahassee).

adusta Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 110 (1902).—Flavae.—
Florida (type locality: Gainesville).

advena Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. txu. 175 (1910).—
Pruinosae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Bedford).

aemula Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 53 (1902).—Silvicolae.—
Georgia, Mississippi (type locality: Rome, Ga.).

aestivalis (Walt.) Torrey & Gray, Fl. N. Am. 1, 468 (1840).—Aesti-
vales.—North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia (type locality of
Mespilus aestivalis Walter not given).

aestivalis var. cerasoides Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. 1. 250 (1920) .—
Florida (type locality: Seville).

aestivalis var. cerasoides f. luculenta Sargent in Jour. ces Arb. I.
251 (1920).—Florida (type locality : Volusia Coun

aestivalis var. maloides Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. 1. ar (1920).—
Florida (type locality: Seville).

affinis Sargent in Ontario Nat. Sci. Bull. 1v. 71 (1908).—Anomalae.—
Southeastern Canada, New York (type locality: Toronto, Ont.).

agaia Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. ux. 252 (1910).—Macra-
canthae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Scranton).

agrestina Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 72 (1902).—Flavae.—
Alabama (type locality: Evergreen).

alabamensis Beadle in Bot. Gaz. xxx. 342 (1900).—Flavae.—Alabama
(type locality: Montgomery).

alacris Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. tvi. 601 (1905).—Prui-
nosae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Sellersville).

albanthera Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. x1x. 53 (1908) =C.
arduennae Sarg.

1925) PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI ll

CRATAEGUS

albemarlensis Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xv. pt. 2, 10
1901).—Group?—North Carolina (type locality: ‘“‘Hyde and
Pamlico Counties’’). (?)

albicans Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xvi. pt. 2, 20 (1901).—
Silvicolae.—Michigan (type locality: ‘‘eastern Michigan’’). (?)

albicera Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 132 (1902).—Crus-galli.—
Louisiana (type locality: Opelousas).

algens Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 135 (1902).—Crus-galli.—
Virginia and North Carolina to Tennessee and Arkansas (type
locality: Biltmore, N. Car.).

aliena Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. ux1r. 157 (1910).—Crus-
galli—Pennsylvania (type locality: Orbisonia).

allecta Sargent in Rep. Geol. Surv. Mich. 1906, 534 (1907).—Silvicolae.—
Michigan (type locality: Grand Rapids).

alleghaniensis Beadle in Bot. Gaz. xxx. 337 (1900).—Flavae.—Alabama,
Tennessee (type locality: Lookout Mountain, Ala.).

alma Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 64 (1902).—Intricatae.—
Mississippi (type locality: Meridian).

alnorum Sargent in Rhodora, v. 153 (1903).—Tenuifoliae.—Maine
(type locality: Orono).

alpestris Hort. ex K. Koch, Dendr. 1. 144 (1869) =C. crus-galli var.
pyracanthifolia Ait.

alpista Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. txir. 238 (1910).—
Intricatae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Orbisonia).

altrix ree in Bot. Gaz. xxx. 232 (1902).—Group?—lllinois (type
locality: “northern Illinois’). (?)

amabilis Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xrx. 15 (1903).—
Molles.—Iowa (type locality: Keokuk). (

amara Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soe. xvii. 22 (1902).—Group?—
North Carolina (type locality: Elk Cross Roads). (?)

ambigens Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila, yx. 191 (1910).—
Silvicolae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Kittannin

ambitiosa Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, m. 240 (1913). —Pruinosae.—
Michigan (type locality: Grand Rapids).

ambrosia Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cv. Bot. rx. 69 (1906).—
Macracanthae.—Ontario, New York (type locality: Albany, N. Y.).

amica Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 97 (1902).—Flavae.—Florida
(type locality: Ocala).

amicalis Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, 11. 238 (1913).—Virides.—Arkansas
(type locality: Fulton).

amicta Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xvuir. 26 (1902).—Coc-
cineae.—Illinois (type locality: ‘‘northern Illinois’’).

amnicola Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 55 (1902).—Punctatae.—
Georgia, Alabama, Tennessee (type locality: Chattanooga, Tenn.).

12 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou. v1

CRATAEGUS

amoena Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxm. 38 (1908).—Prui-
nosae.—New York, Ohio (type locality: Niagara Falls, N. Y.).

ampla Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Lvit. 615 (September,
1905).—Tenuifoliae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Kutztown).

ampla Sargent in Rhodora, vir. 208 (November, 1905) =C. neofaxonii
Sarg.

ampliata Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. uxir. 195 (1910).—
Silvicolae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Orbisonia

pa Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. ux1. 172 (1910).—
Pruinosae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Pittsburgh).

anamesa te in Jour. Arnold Arb. mr. 189 (1922).—Virides.—Texas
(type locality: Duke, Ft. Bend County).

ancisa Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 63 (1902).—Pulcherrimae.—
Alabama, Mississippi (type locality, Meridian, Miss.).

angulata Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. uxi. 166 (1910).—
Pruinosae.—Pennsylvania, Ohio, Kentucky (type locality: Nine
Mile Run, near Pittsburgh, Pa.).

angustata Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. x1x. 77 (1908).—Puncta-
tae.—Missouri (type locality: Swan).

ai ders oti (Medic.) Borkhausen in Roemer, Arch. Bot. 1. no. 3, 86

798) =C. crus-galli var. pyracanthifolia Ait.
nee Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. yxu. 209 (1910).—
nuifoliae. —Pennsylvania (type locality: Throop, near Scranton).

anisophylla Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 99 (1902).—Flavae.—
Florida (type locality: Jacksonville).

annosa Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 83 (1902).—Flavae.—Ala-
bama (type locality: Phoenix City).

anomala Sargent in Rhodora, 1m. 74 (1901).—Molles.—Southeastern
Canada, Vermont, New York (type locality: Caughnawaga, Que.).

antheina Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. txir. 213 (1910).—
Tenuifoliae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: West Lockport).

antimima Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. 11. 191 (1922).—Virides.—
Texas, Oklahoma (type locality: Duke, Tex.).

antiplasta Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. m1. 190 (1922).—Virides.—
Texas (type locality: Duke).

— baie in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. xrx. 96 (1908).—Prui-

ae.—Missouri (type locality: Swan).

apiifolia (Marsh.) Michaux, Fl. Bor. Am. 1. 287 (1803). —Microcarpae. —
aso to Florida and west to eastern Texas (type region: “‘Caro-
lina’

apiifolia var. flavanthera Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. xx. 82
(1912) =C. spathulata Michx.

apiifolia major Loddiges, Cat. 45 (1836), nomen nudum.—Loudon,
Arb. Brit. 11. 824 (1838), as synonym of C. apiifolia Michx.

1925] PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 13

CRATAEGUS

apiifolia var. minor Loudon, Arb. Brit. 1. 825 (1838) =C. apiifolia Michx.

apiifolia X brachypbylla = C. notha.

apiomorpha Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxxv. 386 (1903).—Tenuifoliae.—
Ohio, Illinois (type locality: Fort Sheridan, IIl.).

apposita Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxxv. 103 (1903).—Intricatae.—Pennsyl-
vania, Delaware (type locality: Wilmington, Del.).

apposita var. Bissellii (Sarg.) Eggleston in Rhodora, x. 76 (1908) =C.
Bissellii.

aprica Beadle in Bot. Gaz. xxx. 335 (1900).—Flavae.—North Carolina,
Georgia, Alabama (type locality: Biltmore, N. Car.).

aquilonaris Sargent in Rhodora, v. 185 (1903).—Macracanthae.—
Southeastern Canada (type locality: Nipissing, Ont.).

araioclada Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. m1. 5 (1922).—Crus-galli.—
Louisiana (type locality: Natchitoches).

arborea Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 137 (1902).—Crus-galli.—
Florida, Alabama (type locality: Montgomery, Ala.).

arborescens Elliot, Sketch Bot. 1. 550 (1821).—Virides.—Georgia,
Florida (type locality: Fort Argyle, on Ogeeche River, Ga.).

arcana Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 122 (1902).—Pruinosae.—
New York to North Carolina, west to Michigan and Missouri (type
locality: Biltmore, N. Car.).

arcuata Ashe in Ann. Carnegie Mus, 1. 387 (1902).—Coccineae.—
Pennsylvania, Delaware (type locality: Kutztown, Pa.).

ardua Sargent in Ontario Nat. Sci. Bull. rv. 93 (1908).—Macracanthae.—
Ontario (type locality: Toronto).

arduennae Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxxv. 377 (1903).—Crus-galli.—
Ontario and New York, west to Michigan, Missouri and Arkansas
(type locality: Glenellyn, Il.).

arenicola Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xvm. 5 (1900).—
Uniflorae.—North Carolina (type locality: Jessup). (?)

arguta Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 102 (1902).—Flavae.—
Georgia, Alabama (type locality: Girard, Ala.).

aridula Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxi. 43 (1908).—Pruinosae.—
New York (type locality: Niagara Falls).

aristata Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cx. 27 (1911).—Pruinosae.—
New York (type locality: Rossie).

arkansana Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxx1. 223 (1901).—Molles.—Arkansas
(type locality: ae in Arnold Arboretum from seed collected
at Newport,

armata Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 186 (1902).—Crus-galli.—
Alabama, Tennessee (type locality: Nashville, Tenn.).

armentalis Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 117 (1902).—Uniflorae.—
Alabama (type locality: Albertsville).

14 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v1

CRATAEGUS

armigera Sargent in Ontario Nat. Sci. Bull. 1v. 87 (1908).—Macra-
canthae.—Southeastern Canada (type locality: Toronto, Ont.).

arnoldiana Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxx1. 221 (1901).—Molles.—Massa-
chusetts, Connecticut, New York (type locality: Arnold Arboretum,
cultivate

arrogans Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 81 (1902).—Flavae.—
Georgia, Alabama (type locality: Phoenix City, Ala.).

arta Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 130 (1902).—Crus-galli.—
Tennessee (type locality: Nashville).

ascendens Sargent in Rhodora, v. 141 dese —Tenuifoliae.—Vermont,
New York (type locality: New Haven, Vt.).

Ashei Beadle in Bot. Gaz. xxx. 339 (1900).—Bracteatae.—Alabama,
Mississippi (type locality: Montgomery County, Ala.).

aspera Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, 11. 67 (1908).—Pruinosae.— Missouri
(type locality: Webb City).

asperata Sargent in Rep. Geol. Surv. Mich. 1906, 542 (1907).—Tenui-
foliae.—Michigan (type locality: Port Huron).

asperifolia Sargent in Rhodora, 11. 31 (1901).—Anomalae.—South-
eastern Canada, New England, New York (type locality: Middle-
bury, Vt.).

assimilis Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 68 (1902).—Pulcherrimae.—
Florida (type locality: Chattahoochee).

assurgens Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxxv. 382 (1903).—Coccineae.—Ohio,
Illinois, Wisconsin (type locality: Glendon Park, near Chicago,
Tll.).

ater Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xrx. 21 (1903).—Pruinosae.—
Michigan, Ohio (type locality: Port Huron, Mich.).

atropurpurea Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xvi. pt. 2, 12 (1901)
=C. velata Ashe.

atrorubens Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xvi. 78 (1900).—
Virides.—Illinois, Missouri (type locality: St. Louis County, Mo.).

attenuata Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. x1x. 30 (1903).—Crus-
galli— Michigan, Illinois (type locality: Port Huron, Mich.).

attrita Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 98 (1902).—Flavae.—Alabama
(type locality: Ozark).

audens Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 114 (1902).—Flavae.—
Florida (type locality: Chattahoochee).

augusta Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. tvur. 597 (1905).—
Pruinosae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Kutztown).

aulica Sargent in Ontario Nat. Sci. Bull. tv. 48 (1908).—Coccineae.—
Ontario, New York, Michigan (type locality: Toronto, Ont.).

aurea Hort. ex Nicholson in Hand-list Arb. Kew. pt. 1, 209 (1894) as a
synonym of C. punctata var. ranthocarpa=C. punctata var. aurea
Ait.

1925] PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 15

CRATAEGUS

austera Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. nvm. 586 (1905).—Prui-
nosae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Sellersville).

austrina Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 59 (1902).—Pulcherrimae.—
Alabama (type locality: Greenville).

austromontana Beadle in Bot. Gaz. xxvim. 412 (1899).—Triflorae.—
Georgia, Alabama, Tennessee (type locality: Valley Head, Ala.).

azillaris (Pers.) Loddiges, Cat. 39 (1826).—Loudon, Arb. Brit. u. 841
(1838) as synonym of C. parvifolia Ait.

baccata Sargent in Rhodora, vit. 176 (1905).—Macracanthae.—Massa-
chusetts (type locality: Lancaster).
Balkwillii Sargent in Ontario Nat. Sci. Bull. 1v. 80 (1908).—Macra-
canthae.—Ontario, New York (type locality: London, Ont.).
barbara Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxu. 33 (1908).—Puncta-
tae.—New York (type locality: Brighton).

barbata Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. xrx. 63 (1908).—Crus-
gallii—Missouri (type locality: Swan).

Baroussana Eggleston in Torreya, vi. 35 (1907).—Molles.—Mexico
(type locality: Saltillo, Coahuila

barrettiana Sargent in Rep. Misour Bot. Gard. x1tx. 50 (1908).—
Crus-galli.—Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Missouri (type locality: Bar-
retts Station, Mo.).

Barryana Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxir. 52 (1908) .—Silvi-
colae.—New York (type locality: Rochester).

Bartoniana Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. tv. 637 (1905).—
Intricatae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Gray’s Ferry).

Bartramiana Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. tv. 582 (1905) .—

rus-gallii—Pennsylvania (type locality: Bartram’s Lane, Phila-

delphia).

basilica Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 125 (1902).—Tenuifoliae.—
North Carolina, South Carolina (type locality: Candler, N. Car.).

Baxteri Sargent in Proc. Rochester Acad. Sci. 1v. 107 (1903) =C. foetida
Ashe.

Beadlei Ashe in Bull. N. Car. Exper. Sta. cuxxv. 113 (1900).—Intri-
catae.—North Carolina (type locality: Salisbury). (?)

Bealii Sargent in Rep. Geol. Surv. Mich. 1906, 553 (1907).—Intricatae.—
Michigan (type locality: Grand Rapids).

beata Sargent in Proc. Rochester Acad. Sci. tv. 97 (1903).—Pruinosae.—
New York, Pennsylvania (type locality: Rochester, N. Y.).

beata var. compta (Sarg.) Eggleston in Rhodora, x. 81 (1908) =
compta.

Beckiana Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cv. 75 (1906).—Macra-
anthae.—New York (type locality: North Greenbush).

Beckwithae Sargent in Proc. Rochester Acad. Sci. 1v. 124 (1903) =
diffusa Sarg.

16 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. vI

CRATAEGUS
bedfordensis Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. yx. 185 (1910).—
Pruinosae.—Pennsylvania, Ohio (type locality: Bedford Springs,

bella Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxi. 61 (1908).—Tenuifoliae.—
Ontario, New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio (type locality: Buffalo,
N. Y.).

bellatula Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. xu. 171 (1910).—

osae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Bedford).

bellica Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, 11. 236 (1913).—Crus-galli.—Arkansas,
Oklahoma, Texas (type locality: Fulton, Ark.).

bellula Sargent, Trees and Shrubs 1. 111 (1903).—Pruinosae.—Massa-
chusetts, Michigan (type locality: Grand Rapids, Mich.).

benigna Sargent in Proc. Rochester Acad. Sci. 1v. 127 (1903).—Tenui-
foliae-—New York (type locality: Rochester).

berberifolia Torrey & Gray, Fl. N. Am. 1. 469 (1840).—Crus-galli.—
Louisiana (type locality: Opelousas).

berberifolia var. Engelmanni (Sarg.) Eggleston in Rhodora, x. 76 (1908) =
C. Engelmannii Sarg.

Berlandieri Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxx1. 230 (1901).—Molles.—Texas
(type locality: Columbia).

betulifolia Loddiges, Cat. 45 (1836).—Loudon, Arb. Brit. 1. 841 (1838)
s a synonym of C. parvifolia Ait—Nomen nudum.

Bicknellii Eggleston in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club xxxvui. 244 (1911).—
Rotundifoliae.——Massachusetts (type locality: Nantucket Island).

bicolor Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xvu. pt. 2, 12 (1901).—
Group?—North Carolina (type locality: Mitchell County). (?)

biltmoreana Beadle in Bot. Gaz. xxvii. 406 (1899).—Intricatae.—Penn-
sylvania and Virginia to South Carolina, Alabama and Tennessee
(type locality: Biltmore, N. Car.).

Bissellii Sargent in Rhodora, v. 65 (1903).—Intricatae.—Connecticut,
New York (type locality: Southington, Ct.).

bisuleata Ashe in Bull. N. Car. Exper. Sta. chxxv. 112 (1900).—Uni-
flora e.— Georgia (type locality: Stone Mountain).

blairensis Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. uxir. 193 (1910).—

vicolae. —Pennsylvania, Ohio (type locality: Altoona, Pa.).

Blanchardii Sargent in Rhodora, vu. 218 (1905).—Rotundifoliae.—
Ontario, Vermont (type locality: Wilmington, Vt.).

blanda Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxx. 121 (1902).—Virides.—Alabama,
Louisiana, Arkansas, Texas (type locality: Fulton, Ark.).

blandita Sargent in Rhodora, v. 147 (1903).—Tenuifoliae.—Quebec
(type locality: Caughnawaga).

bona Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. tvir. 587 (1905).—Prui-
nosae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Berks County).

1925] PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 17

CRATAEGUS

Boothiana Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxi. 58 (1908).—Tenui-
foliae.—New York (type locality: Rochester).

borealis Ashe in Bull. N. Car. Exper. Sta. cLxxv. 111 (1900).—Group?—
Michigan (type locality not given). (?)

Bosciana Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. m1. 119 (1847) =C. crus-gallii L.

Boyntonii Beadle in Bot. Gaz. xxvur. 409 (1899).—Intricatae.— Virginia,
North Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Tennessee (type locality:
Biltmore, N. Car.).

Boyntoni var. Buckleyi (Beadle) Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc.
xxxiv. 139 (1918) =C. Buckleyi.

brachyacantha Sargent & Engelmann apud Engelmann in Bot. Gaz.
vir. 128 (1882).—Brachyacanthae.—Arkansas, Louisiana, Texas
(type locality not given).

brachyacantha f. leucocarpa Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. 111. 10 (1922).—
Louisiana (type aerind Natchitoches).

brachyacantha var. maxima Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 1. 215 (1891).—
Mississippi (type joel Cairo). (?)

brachyloba Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxi. 75 (1908).—
Anomalae.—New York (type locality: Buffalo).

brachyphylla Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. 11. 8 (1922).—Molles.—
Arkansas (type locality: McNab, Hempstead County).

brachyphylla X apiifolia = C. notha.

aacs tes Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. xix. 100 (1908).—
Pruinosae.—Kentucky, Missouri (type locality: Grandin, Mo.).

heen Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. xrx. 91 (1908).—Prui-
nosae.— Missouri, Arkansas, Oklahoma (type locality: Webb City,
Mo.).

Brainerdii Sargent in Rhodora, 111. 27 (1901).—Rotundifoliae.—South-
eastern Canada, Vermont (type locality: Middlebury, Vt.).

Brainerdi var. aspertfolia (Sarg.) Eggleston in Rhodora, x. 82 (1908) =
C. asperifolia.

Brainerdi var. Egglestoni (Sarg.) Robinson in Rhodora, x. 82 (1908) =

. Egglestonii.

Brainerdi var. scabrida (Sarg.) Eggleston in Rhodora, x. 82 (1908) =
C. scabrida.

brazoria Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxx1. 233 (1901).—Punctatae.—Texas
(type locality: Brazoria).

brevipedicellata Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xv. 6 (1900).—
Group?—North Carolina (type locality: Priest Hill). (?)

i Peck in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxxrx. 20 (1910).—Prui-

sae.—New York (type locality: Corning).

ee See Douglas apud Steudel, Nomencl. Bot. ed. 2, 1. 432 (1841) =

C. Douglasii Lindl.

18 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou. v1

CRATAEGUS

bristolensis Sargent in Rhodora, vu. 175 (1905).—Macracanthae.—
Massachusetts (type locality: Somerset).

Brittonii Eggleston in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, xxxvi. 640 (1909).—
Uniflorae.—North Carolina, Georgia, Tennessee (type locality:
Biltmore, N. Car.).

Brockwayae Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, 1. 245 (1913).—Anomalae.—
Michigan (type locality: Clifton).

bronxensis Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxa. 115 (1908).—
Pruinosae.—New York (type locality: New York Botanical Garden).

Brownietta Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. ctxvu. 78 (1913).—
Punctatae.—-New York (type locality: Hemlock Lake, Livingston
County).

Brownii Britton in Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 1. 447 (1900) = C. Margaretta
var. Brownii Sarg.

brumalis Ashe in Ann. Carnegie Mus. 1. 393 (1902).—Tenuifoliae.—
Pennsylvania (type locality: Pittsburgh).

Brunetiana Sargent in Rhodora, v. 164 (1903).—Rotundifoliae.—
Southeastern Canada (type locality: Montmorency Falls, Que.).

Buckleyi Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 25 (1901).—Intricatae.—
Virginia, North Carolina, Tennessee (type locality: Biltmore, N.
Car.).

Buistii Hort. ex K. Koch, Dendr. 1. 144 (1869) = C. crus-galli var.
pyracanthifolia Ait.?

Burkeana Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. txm. 218 (1910).—
Coccineae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Pittsburgh).

Bushii Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxxur. 109 (1902).—Crus-galli.—Arkansas,
Louisiana, Oklahoma, Texas (type locality: Fulton, Ark.).

caerulescens Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. m1. 193 (1922).—Pruinosae.—
Massachusetts (type locality: Arnold Arboretum, transplanted
from Orient Heights, Breed’s Island, Boston Harbor). _

caesa Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitclkell Sci. Soc. xvur. 24 (1902).—Coc-
cineae.— Michigan (type locality: Port Huron).

caesariata Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cv. Bot. rx. 64 (1906).—
Rotundifoliae.—New York (type locality: North Albany).

calcarigera Salisbury, Prodr. 357 (1796) = C. crus-galli L.

caliciglabra Schuette in Proc. Biol. Soc. pimp dupes Xvi. 96 (1903).—
Rotundifoliae.— Wisconsin (type locality not given).

calliantha Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. xrx. pe (1908).—Prui-
nosae.—Missouri (type locality: Pacific).

callicarpa Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. xrx. 96 (1908).—Prui-
nosae?—Missouri (type locality: Shrewsbury).

callida Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 123 (1902).—Pruinosae.—
Alabama (type locality: Gadsden).

1925] PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 19

CRATAEGUS
callista Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. txir. 237 (1910).—
ntricatae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Sellersville).
callosa Sargent in Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. vir. 595 (1905).—Pruinosae.—
Pennsylvania (type locality: North Heidelburg Township, Berks
County).
calophylla Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. xx. 67 (1912).—Crus-
alli—Tennessee, Missouri, Arkansas (type locality: Springfield,

Mo.).

calpodendron (Ehrh.) Medicus, Gesch. Bot. 83 (1793).—Macracanthae.—
Identity and range uncertain (type region of Mespilus calpodendron
Ehrhart: ‘“‘Nordamerika’’).

calpodendron X punctata Eggleston in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. ccxiim-
Iv. 65 (1923). (?)

calva Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 83 (1902).—Flavae.—Alabama
(type locality: Ozark).

calvescens Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. ux. 159 (1910).—
Punctatae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Allegheny).

Calvinii Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxm. 81 (1908).—Macra-
canthae.—New York (type locality: Canandagua).

campestris Britton in Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 1. 449 (1900) = C. perto-
mentosa Ashe.

canadensis Sargent in Rhodora, m1. 73 (1901).—Molles.—Quebec (type
locality: Caughnawaga).
Canbyi Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxxr. 3 (1901).—Crus-gallii—Pennsyl-
vania, Delaware, Maryland (type locality: Wilmington, Del.).
candens Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. xrx. 55 (1908) = C
arduennae Sarg.

carnosa Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xvi. pt. 2, 14 (1901).—
Group?—North Carolina (type locality: Yancey County). (?)

caroliniana (Poir.) Persoon, Syn. 11. 36 (1806).—Flavae.—(Type region:

“Carolina’’). (?)

carrollensis Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. m1. 204 (1922).—Macracan-
thae.—Arkansas (type locality: Eureka Springs).

casta Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cv. Bot. rx. 53 (1906).—Prui-
nosae.—New York (type locality: North Greenbush).

catawbiensis Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xvi. 6 (1900).—
Group?—North Carolina (type locality: Round Knob). (?)

celsa Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxu. 31 (1908).—Punctatae.—
New York (type locality: Niagara Falls).

cerasifera Loddiges, Cat. 45 (1836), nomen nudum.—Loudon, Arb.
Brit. 11. 849 (1838), as a synonym of C. crus-galli var. splendens Ait.

cerasina Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxir. 29 (1908).—Crus-
galli—New York (type locality: Niagara Falls).

cerasoides Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, mu. 237 (1913) = C. aestivalis

20 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou. v1

CRATAEGUS
var. cerasoides Sarg.

cernua Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xv. 25 (1902).—Rotundi-
foliae.— Wisconsin (type locality: Milwaukee). (?).

cerronis Nelson in Bot. Gaz. xxxiv. 370 (1902).—Douglasianae.—
Colorado, Wyoming (type locality: Cerro Summit, Colo.). (?)

cestrica Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. tvi1. 596.—Pruinosae.—
Pennsylvania (type locality: Newtown).

chadfordiana Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. tvi. 660 (1905),.—
Macracanthae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Chadford).

champlainensis Sargent in Rhodora, m1. 20 (1901).—Molles.—South-
eastern Canada, Vermont, New York, Michigan (type locality:
Middlebury, Vt.).

Chapmanii (Beadle) Ashe in Bot. Gaz. xxvi. 271 (1899).—Macra-
canthae.—North Carolina and Georgia, west to Illinois and Missouri
(type locality of C. tomentosa var. Chapmani: Silver Creek, Floyd
County, Ga.).

Chapmani var. Plukenetit Eggleston in Rhodora, x. 83 (1908) = C.
tomentosa L.

chateaugayensis Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxu. 121 (1908).—

ifoliae.—New York (type locality: Chateaugay Lake).
cherokeensis Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. 11. 1 (1922).—Crus-galli.—
Texas (type locality: Larissa).

chippewaensis Sargent in Ontario Nat. Sci. Bull. iv. 44 (1908).—Coc-
cineae.—Ontario (type locality: Chippewa).

choriophylla Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. m1. 201 (1922).—Uniflorae.—
Florida (type locality: Lake City).

chrysocarpa Ashe in Bull. N. Car. Exper. Sta. ctxxv. 110 (1900).—
Rotundifoliae.—Manitoba, Nebraska, North Dakota, Wyoming,
ea (type locality: foothills of Cache la Poudre Mountains,

lo.).

ie var. Hara (Sarg.) mail in N. Y. State Mus. Bull.
CCXLHI-Iv. 64 (1923) = C. Faxo

chrysocarapa X macrosperma ad in N. Y. State Mus. Bull.
CCXLU-Iv. 64 (1923). (?)

chrysocarpa X punctata Eggleston in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. ccxii1-1v.
64 (1923). (?)

cibaria Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 120 (1902).—Molles.—
Tennessee (type locality: Nashville).

cibilis Ashe in Bot. Gaz. xxxur. 232 (1902).—Molles.—North Carolina,
Tennessee (type locality not given). (?)

cicur Ashe in Ann. Carnegie Mus. 1. 397 (1902).—Pruinosae.—Pennsy]l-
vania, North Carolina (type locality not given). (?)

ciliata Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xvi. 13 (1900).—Group?—
North Carolina (type locality: Raleigh). (?)

1925] PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 21

CRATAEGUS

cirrata Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 101 (1902).—Flavae.—Ala-
bama (type locality: Girard).

cirrata Ashe in Bull. Charleston Mus. x1. 42 (1916). Group?—Georgia
(type locality not given). )

clara Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 95 (1902).—Flavae.—Florida
(type locality: Bristol).

Claytoniana Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxu. 120 (1908) .—
Tenuifoliae.—New York (type locality: Clayton).
Clintoniana Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxu. 39 (1908).—
Pruinosae.—New York, Ohio (type locality: Buffalo, N. Y.).
coccinata Sargent in Ontario Nat. Sci. Bull. rv. 63 (1908) .—Rotundi-
foliae.—Ontario (type locality: London).

coccinea Linnaeus, Spec. 476 (1753), in part = C. rotundifolia Moench.

coccinea var. corallina (Lodd.) Loudon, Arb. Brit. u. 817 (1838) = C
Phaenopyrum Medic.

coccinea var. cordata Lavallée, Icon. Arb. Segrez. 81, t. 23 (1882), (?)

coccinea var. Ellwangeriana (Sarg.) Eggleston in N. Y. State Mus. Bull.
CCXLUI-Iv. 64 (1923) = C. Ellwangeriana.

coccinea a. flabellata (Bosc) Dippel, Handb. Laubholzk. m1. 435 (1893) =
C. flabellata.

coccinea glandulosa Hort. ex Nicholson in Hand-list Hort. Kew. pt. 1. 203
(1894), as a synonym of C. mollis Scheele.

coccinea var. indentata (Lodd.) Loudon, Arb. Brit. 11. 817 (1838). (?)

coccinea Kelmanni Hort. ex Nicholson in Hand-list Arb. Kew. pt. 1. 203
1894) as a synonym of C. mollis Scheele. (?)

coccinea y. Kihlmanni Hort. apud Lange, Rev. Gen. Crat. 30 (1897). (?)

coccinea var. macracantha (Lodd.) Dudley in Bull. Cornell University 11.
33 (1886) = C. macracantha.

coccinea maxima Loddiges, Cat. 39 (1826).—Loudon, Arb. Brit. 1. 817
(1838). (?)

coccinea <. microphylla Lange, Rev. Gen. Crat. 30 (1897). (?)

coccinea < ? mollis Torrey & Gray, Fl. N. Am. 1. 465 (1840) = C. mollis.

coccinea 8. oligandra Torrey & Gray, Fl. N. Am. 1. 465 (1840). (?)

coccinea y. populifolia (Walt.) Torrey & Gray, Fl. N. Am. 1. 465 (1840).
9

coccinea d. pruinosa (Wendl.) Dippel, Handb. Laubholzk. un. 435
(1893) = C. pruinosa.

coccinea var. rotundifolia (Moench) Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxx1. 14 (1901)
= C. rotundifolia.

coccinea var. spinosa Godefroy ex Loudon, Arb. Brit. 1. 817 (1838) as
synonym of C. coccinea var. maxima d

coccinea * subvillosa (Schrad.) Lange, Rev. Gen. Crat. 31 (1897) = C
submollis Sarg.

22 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou. v1

CRATAEGUS

coccinea B. viridis (L.) Torrey & Gray, Fl. N. Am. 1. 465 (1840) =C. viridis.

coccinea X macrosperma Eggleston in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. ccxiii—tv.
65 (1923). (?)

coccinea X pruinosa Eggleston in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. ccxiii-tv. 65
(1923). (2)

coccinoides Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xv1. 74 (1900).—
Dilatatae.—TIllinois, Missouri, Arkansas (type region: southern
Illinois and eastern Missouri).

coccinoides var. dilatata (Sarg.) Eggleston in Rhodora, x. 81 (1908) =

Cocksii Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. 1. 248 (1920).—Crus-galli.—
Louisiana (type locality: Winfield).

coerulea Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. tx. 207 (1910).—
Silvicolae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Lincoln Heights, near
Scranton).

cognata Sargent in Rhodora, v. 58 (1903).—Pruinosae.—Southeastern
Canada, New England, New York, Pennsylvania and Ohio (type
locality: Great Barrington, Mass.).

Coleae Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, 1. 7 (1902).—Anomalae.— Michigan
(type locality: Grand Rapids).

collicola Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xvi. 75 (1900).—Crus-
galli.—North Carolina (type locality not given). (?)

collina Chapman, FI. ed. 2, Suppl. 2, 684 (1892).—Punctatae.— Virginia
and North Carolina to Tennessee (type locality not given).

collina var. Lettermani (Sarg.) Eggleston in Rhodora, x. 76 (1908) =
C. Lettermanii.

collina var. sordida (Sarg.) Eggleston in Rhodora, x. 76 (1908) = C
sordida.

Collinsiana Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. tv. 611 (1905).—
Tenuifoliae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Sellersville).

colonica Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 104 (1902).—Flavae.—
South Carolina (type locality: Bluffton).

coloradensis Nelson in Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, xvi. 175 (1904).—
Macracanthae.—Colorado (type locality: Gregory Canyon, near
Boulder).

colorado Ashe in Bull. N. Car. Exper. Sta. cLxxv. 110 (1900).—Doug-
lasianae.—North Dakota and Montana to Nebraska, Colorado and
Arizona (type locality: foot-hills of Cache la Poudre Mountains,
Colo.).

coloradoides Ramaley in Bot. Gaz. xiv1. 383 (1908).—Macracanthae.—
Colorado (type locality: Pole Canyon, near Boulder). (?)

colorata Sargent in Proc. Rochester Acad. Sci. 1v. 123 (1903).—Tenui-
foliae.—Ontario and New York to Michigan and Indiana (type
locality: Rochester, N. Y.).

1925} PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 23

CRATAEGUS

columbiana Howell, Fl. N. W. Am. 1. 163 (1898).—Douglasianae.—
Washington (type locality not given).

columbiana Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxx. 229 (1901) = C. quercina Ashe.

columbiana var. Brunetiana (Sarg.) Eggleston in Rhodora, x. 79 (1908) =
C. Brunetiana.

columbiana var. Piperi (Britton) Eggleston in Rhodora, x. 79 (1908) =
C. Piperi.

comans Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxm. 112 (1908).—Macra-
canthae.—New York (type locality: Coopers Plains).

comata Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. tym. 592 (1905).—
Pruinosae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Gray’s Ferry)

communis Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 58 (1902).—Intricatae.—
West Virginia, Tennessee (type locality: Cowan, Tenn.).

compacta Sargent in Rep. Geol. Surv. Mich. 1906, 522 (1907).—Puncta-

tae.—Ontario, Michigan (type locality: London, Ont.).

comparata Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, 1. 240 (1913).—Pruinosae.—
Michigan (type locality: Grand Rapids).

compatalis Ashe in Bull. Charleston Mus. xu. 43 (1916).—Group?—
South Carolina (type locality not given). (?)

compitalis Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 93 (1902).—Flavae.—
Florida (type locality: Gainesville).

compta Sargent in Proc. Rochester Acad. Sci. rv. 102 (1903).—Silvi-
colae.—Ontario, New York, Pennsylvania (type locality : Rochester,
Ney

concinna Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 70 (1902).—Pulcherrimae.—
Florida (type locality: Bristol).

condensa Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. tv. 617 (1905).—
Tenuifoliae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Sellersville).

condigna Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 35 (1901).—Flavae.—
Florida (type locality: River Junction).

conferta Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxm. 62 (1908).—Tenui-
foliae.—Ontario, New York (type locality: Buffalo, N. Y.).

confinis Sargent in Ontario Nat. Sci. Bull. rv. 50 (1908).—Coccineae.—
Ontario, New York (type locality: Chippewa, Ont.).

confragosa Sargent in Ontario Nat. Sci. Bull. 1v. 24 (1908).—Pruinosae.—-
Ontario, Ohio (type locality: Sarnia, Ont.).

confusa Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. rxm. 235 (1910).—
ntricatae. —Pennsylvania (type locality: Allegheny).

sugesidcte Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxu. 44 (1908).—
Silvicolae.—Quebec, New York (type locality: Buffalo, N. Y.).

conjuncta Sargent in Rhodora, v. 57 (1903).—Pruinosae.—New England

New York to Indiana, Illinois and Arkansas (type locality:

Lancaster, Mass.).

24 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou. v1

CRATAEGUS

conjungens Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. ur. 200 (1922).—Triflorae.—
Virginia (type locality: Clifton Forge).

consanguinea Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 34 (1901).—Flavae.—
Florida (type locality: Tallahassee).

conspecta Sargent in Ontario Nat. Sci. Bull. iv. 28 (1908).—Coccineae.
—Ontario, New York (type locality: Chippewa, Ont.).

conspicua Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cv. Bot. rx. 74 (1906).—
Macracanthae.—Quebec, Vermont, New York. (type locality:
North Albany, N. Y.).

constans Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 88 (1902).—Flavae.—
Mississippi (type locality: Columbus).

consueta Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. x1x. 67 (1908).—Crus-

alli Missouri (type locality: Swan).

contigua Sargent in Rhodora, v. 115 (1903).—Coccineae.—Vermont
(type locality: Stockbridge).

contortifolia Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cv. Bot. rx. 59 (1906).—
Molles.—New York (type locality: North Albany

contortula Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. uxt. 236 (1910).—
Intricatae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Bedford).

contrita Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 61 (1902).—Pulcherrimae.—
Florida, Georgia (type locality: River Junction, Fla.).

corallina Hort. ex Persoon, Syn. 11. 36 (1807), as a synonym of C. cordata
= C. Phaenopyrum Medic.

cornellii Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxir. 105 (1908).—Intri-
catae—New York (type locality: Coopers Plains).

cornifolia (Poir.) Booth ex Loudon, Arb, Brit. 11. 819 (1838), as synonym
of C. pyrifolia Ait. (?)

coronata Hort. ex Lange, Rev. Gen. Crat. 33 (1897), as synonym of C.
intricata Lange.

corporea Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxxv. 403 (1903).—Macracanthae.—
Illinois (type locality: Lake Zurich).

corusca Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxxi1. 117 (1902).—Molles.—Illinois
(type locality: Lake Zurich

Coursetiana Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. m1. 117 (1847) = C. crus-galli L.

crassa Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xvi. pt. 2, 18 (1901).—
Flavae.—Eastern Pennsylvania (type locality not given). (?)

a Sargent in Ontario Nat. Sci. Bull. 1v. 60 (1908).—Rotundi-
foliae.—Ontario (type locality: London).

Eeireclines Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. yxir. 169 (1910).—
Pruinosae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Linesville).

Craytonii Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 121 (1902).—Intricatae.—
North Carolina (type locality: Marshall). (?)

cristata Ashe in Ann. Carnegie Mus. 1. 392 (1902).—Coccineae.—
Pennsylvania, Ohio (type locality: Pittsburgh, Pa.).

1925] PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 25

CRATAEGUS

crocata Ashe in Ann. Carnegie Mus. 1. 389 (1902) = C. punctata var.
aurea Ait.

crocea Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 113 (1902).—Flavae.—
Florida (type locality: Citra).

crocina Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 132 (1902).—Crus-galli.—
Louisiana (type locality: Opelousas).

Croomiana Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. 1. 202 (1922).—Uniflorae.—
Florida (type locality: Tallahassee).

cruda Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxm. 54 (1908).—Silvicolae.—
New York (type locality: Niagara Falls).

crudelis Sargent in Rhodora, v. 143 (1903).—Tenuifoliae.—South-
eastern Canada (type locality: Montmorency Falls, Que.).

cruenta Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xvir. pt. 2, 16 (1901).—
Group?—North Carolina (type locality: between Sprucepine and
Micaville). (?)

crus-galli Linnaeus, Spec. 476 (1753).—Crus-galliimSoutheastern Canada
and New England to North Carolina, west to Alabama, Tennessee,
Illinois and Missouri (type region: “‘ Virginia’’).

crus- -galli angustifolia (Ehrh.) Sudworth in Bull. U. S. Dept. Agric.

or. Xlv. 217 (1897) = C. crus-galli var. pyracanthifolia Ait.

crus-galli var. arbutifolia Hort. ex Nicholson in Hand-list Arb. Kew,
pt. 1, 197 (1894), nomen nudum.

crus-galli var. attenuata (Ashe) Farwell in Rep. Michigan Acad. Sci. xx.
181 (1918) = C. attenuata.

crus-galli var. berberifolia (Torr. & Gray) Sargent in Gard. & For. 1m. 124
(1889) = C. berberifolia.

crus-galli var. capillata Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxxv. 100 (1903).—
Delaware (type locality: Wilmington).

crus-galli var. exigua (Sarg.) Eggleston in Rhodora, x. 75 (1908).—
Connecticut (type locality of C. exigua Sarg.: Waterford).

crus- sip var. Fontanesiana (Spach) Wenzig in Linnaea, xxxvut. 141

74) = C. Fontanesiana.

crus- ten ¢. inermis Lange, Rev. Gen. Crat. 62 (1897). (?)

crus-galli y. lancifolia (Wend.) Lange, Rev. Gen. Crat. 62 (1897) =
crus-galli var. pyracanthifolia Ait.

crus-galli @. laurifolia (Medic.) Lange, Rev. Gen. Crat. 61 (1897). (?)

crus-galli 8. linearis (Pers.) De Candolle, Prodr. 11. 626 (1825) = C. crus-
galli var. pyracanthifolia Ait.

crus-gallt var. nana (Dum.) Loudon, Arb. Brit. 1. 821 (1838). =
crus-galli var. pyracanthifolia Ait.

crus-galli var. oblongata Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxxv. 99 (1903).—
Pennsylvania, Delaware (type locality: Edgemoore, Del.).

crus-galli var. ovalifolia (Hornem.) Lindley, in Bot. Reg. xxi. t. 1860,
1836) = C. prunifolia Pers.

26 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v1

CRATAEGUS

crus-galli prunellifolia (Poir.) Sudworth, Bull. U. S. Dept. Agr. Div.
or. xIv. 216 (1897).

crus-galli «. prunifolia (Marsh.) London, Arb. Brit. 1. 821, 849 (1838).
= C. prunifolia.

crus-galli var. pyracanthifolia Aiton, Hort. Kew. mu. 170 (1789).—
Pennsylvania to Florida and west to Indiana and Tennessee,

crus-galli var. rubens Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cixvu. 75
(1913).—New York (type locality, Chapinville).

crus-galli var. salicifolia (Medic.) Aiton, Hort. Kew 1. 170 (1789) =
C. crus-galli var. pyracanthifolia Ait. ?

crus-galli var. splendens Sato, ae Kew. ed. 2, m1. 202 (1811). (?)

crus-galli 4 r, Ill Handb. Laubh. 0 1007 (1912). (?)

crus-galli X pentagyna seer Il. Handb. Laubh. 1. 778 (1906). (?)

crus-galli < prunifolia Koehne, Deutsche Dendr. 233 (1893). (?)

crus-galli X punctata Koehne, Deutsche Dendr. 233 (1893). (?)

crus-galli X succulenta Eggleston in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. ccxui-1v.
63 (1923). (?)

crux Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xvii. 17 (1902).—Macra-
canthae.—North Carolina (type locality: along New River, Ashe
County).

cullasagensis Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xvi. 10 (1900).—

Flavae.—North Carolina (type locality: along Cullasagee River,

Macon County). (?)

culta Sargent in Rhodora, vir. 199 (1905).—Tenuifoliae.— Massachusetts
(type locality: Shirley).

cuneifolia (Ehrh.) Borckhausen in Roemer, Arch. Bot. 1. no. 3, 86 (1798).
Group?—Range and type region of Mespilus cunetfolia Ehrh.:
““Nordamerika.”’ (?)

saat (Marsh.) Eggleston in Britton & Brown, Ill. Fl. ed. 2, m1.

99 (1913).—Punctatae.—“‘ Western New York and Pennsylvania to

be Virginia, west to central Illinois” (type locality of
Mespilus cuneiformis Marsh. not given). (?)

cuprea Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxxv. 105 (1903),—Intricatae.— Delaware
(type locality: Wilmington).

cupulifera Sargent in Proc. Rochester Acad. Sci. tv. 129 (1903).—
Rotundifoliae.—New York (type locality: Rochester).

curabilis Ashe in Bull. Charleston Mus. xm. 43 (1916).—Group?—
South Carolina (type locality: “lower edge of the Piedmont”’). (?)

Curtisii Ashe in Bull. N. Car. Exper. Sta. chxxv. 109 (1900).—Group?—
North Carolina (type locality: Person County). (?)

curva Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 109 (1902).—Flavae.—Florida
(type locality: Jacksonville).

Cuthbertii Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xvir. 15 (1900).—
Group?—North Carolina (type locality: Bladen County). (?)

1925] PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 27

CRATAEGUS

cyanophylla Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxxv. 387 (1903).—Tenuifoliae.—
Illinois, Wisconsin (type locality: Glendon Park, near Chicago,
Ill.).

cyclophylla Sargent in Rhodora, vi. 210 (1905).—Anomalae.—Ver-
mont (type locality: New Haven

Cydonia Gruber in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, xxxir. 390 ee .—Puncta-
tae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Kutztown).

dacrioides Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. uxm. 224 (1910).—
Rotundifoliae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Orbisonia).

dallasiana Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, 1. 59 (1903).—Punctatae.—
Texas (type locality: Dallas

Damei Sargent in Rhodora, vn. 900 (1905).—Tenuifoliae.—Massa-
chusetts (type locality: Lowell).

dapsilis Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 89 (1902).—Flavae.—
Florida (type locality: Lane Park, near Tavares).

sa bee Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. tv. 653 (1905).—

catae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Serpentine Ridge, near

West Chester).

dasyphylla Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. xxm. 80 (1912).—
Molles.—Missouri, Kansas, Oklahoma (type locality: Joplin, Mo.).

Davisii Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. xx. 77 (1912) = C
viridis

Dawsoniana Sxryent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. xrx. 88 (1908).—
Virides.—Illinois, Missouri (type locality: Arnold Arboretum,
cultivated from seed collected near St. Louis, Mo.).

mre Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxu. 66 (1908.)—Coc-

ae.—New York (type oe Buffalo).

debilis erect in Ontario Nat. . Bull. rv. 86 (1908).—Macracan-
thae.—Ontario (type bao, ada’

decens Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. x1x. 19 (1903).—Tenui-
foliae.—Ohio (type locality: Mansfield). (?)

declivitatis Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. xrx. 103 (1908).—
Molles.—Illinois, Missouri (type locality: St. Louis, Mo.).

decora Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xvu1. 17 (1902).—Group?—
North Carolina (type locality: Elk Cross Roads). (?)

decorata Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. x1x. 94 (1908).—Pruni-
oliae.—Missouri (type locality: Swan).

ee elses in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Lyi. 602 (1905).—

osae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Sellersville).

definita ane in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. tv. 647 (1905).—
Intricatae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Newtown).

delawarensis Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxxv. 102 (1903).—Pruinosae.—
Delaware (type locality: between Newport and Newcastle).

28 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou. v1

CRATAEGUS

delecta Sargent, Man. Trees N. Am. 451 (1905).—Coccineae.—Illinois
(type locality: Lockport).

delectabilis Sargent in Ontario Nat. Sci. Bull. rv. 90 (1908).—Macra-
canthae.—Ontario (type locality: Toronto).

delectata Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. txm. 200 (1910).—
Silvicolae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Keyser Valley, near
Scranton).

delicata Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. tvi. 606 (1905).—
Silvicolae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Sellersville).

Delosii Sargent in Ontario Nat. Sci. Bull. iv. 56 (1908).—Intricatae.—
Ontario (type locality: Toronto).

deltoides Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xv. pt. 2, 19 (1901).—
Pruinosae.—New York, Pennsylvania, Maryland (type locality
not gi :

delucida Sargent in Rhodora, v. 139 (1903).—Tenuifoliae.—New
England, New York (type locality: East Rutland, Vt.).

demissa Sargent in Rhodora, v. 139 (1903).—Tenuifoliae.—New England
to New York and Ohio (type locality: Lenox, Mass.).

denaria Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 131 (1902).—Crus-galli.—
Mississippi (type locality: Columbus).

densiflora Sargent in Rhodora, 1. 75 (1901).—Coccineae.—Quebec
(type locality: Rockfield).

dentata Loddiges, Cat. 45 (1836), nomen nudum.—Loudon, Arb. Brit.
11. 849 (1838), as a synonym of C. Crus-galli var. ovalifolia Lindl.

denudata Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. txu. 173 (1910).—
Pruinosae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Schenley Park, Pitts-
burgh).

depilis Sargent, Man. Trees N. Am. 419 (1905).—Tenuifoliae.—Illi-
nois (type locality: Glendon Park, near Chicago.)

depressa Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xvi. pt. 2, 8 (1901).—
Pruinosae.—Northern Missouri (type locality not given).

desertorum Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. mr. 187 (1922).—Virides.—
Texas (type locality: Uvalde).

desueta Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxi. 84 (1908).—Puncta-
tae.—New York (type locality: Coopers Plains).

Deweyana Sargent in Proc. Rochester Acad. Sci. tv. 133 (1903).—
Macracanthae.—New York (type locality: Rochester).

Dewingii Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxi. 34 (1908).—Puncta-
tae.—New York (type locality: Belfast).

diaphora Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. txm. 251 (1910).—
Macracanthae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Keyser Valley, near
Seranton).

diffusa Sargent in Proc. Rochester Acad. Sci. tv. 103 (1903).—Silvi-
colae.—New England, New York (type locality: Rochester, N. Y.).

1925] PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 29

CRATAEGUS

digna Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. tvi1. 628 (1905).—Molles.—
Pennsylvania (type locality: Kutztown).

dilatata Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxx1. 9 (1901).—Dilatatae.—Quebec and
New England to Ohio and Kentucky (type locality: eastern Massa-
chusetts).

discolor Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. xrx. 44 (1908).—Crus-
galli— Missouri, Arkansas (type locality: Grandin, Mo.).

disjuncta Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, 1. 109 (1903).—Pruinosae.—
Missouri, Arkansas (type locality: Monteer, Mo.).

dispar Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 28 (1901).—Flavae.—South
Carolina, Georgia (type locality: Aiken, 5. Car.).

disperma Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xvir. 14 (1900).—
Group?—New York and Pennsylvania, west to [Illinois (type
locality: Wilkesbarre Mountain, Pa.).

dispessa Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xrx. 17 (1903).—Molles.
—Missouri (type locality of C. pyriformis Britton, which this name
replaces: Monteer).

dissimilis Sargent in Rhodora, v. 149 (1903).—Tenuifoliae.—Connecti-
cut (type locality: East Lyme).

dissociabilis Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxn. 95 (1908).—
Silvicolae.—New York (type locality: Coopers Plains).

dissona Sargent in Rhodora, v. 60 (1903).—Silvicolae.—Ontario and
New England, west to northern Illinois and Wisconsin (type
locality: Great Barrington, Mass.).

divergens (Peck) Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cv. Bot. rx. 66
(1906).—Rotundifoliae—New York (type locality: North Green-
bush).

diversa Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxu. 109 (1908).—Macra-
canthae.—New York (type locality: Coopers Plains).

diversifolia Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. vi. 4 (1925).—Intricatae.—
Michigan (type locality of C. Wheeleri Sarg. which this name
replaces: Grand Rapids).

divida Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxxv. 401 (1903).—Macracanthae.—
Illinois (type locality: Barrington).

divisifolia Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. uxm. 179 (1910).—
Pruinosae.—Pennsylvania, Ohio (type locality: Kutztown, Pa.).

Doddsii Ramaley in Bot. Gaz. xuiv1. 381 (1908).—Colorado (type
locality: Pole Canyon, near Boulder). (?)

Dodgei Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xrx. 26 (1903).—Rotundi-
foliae.—Southeastern Canada and New England, west to Michigan,
Wisconsin and Indiana (type locality: Port Huron, Mich.).

Dodgei var. lumaria (Ashe) Sargent in Rep. Geol. Surv. Mich. 1906,
556 (1907).—Michigan (type locality: Port Huron).

30 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v1

CRATAEGUS

dolosa Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 90 (1902).—Flavae.—Ala-
bama (type locality: Abbeville).

Douglasii Lindley in Bot. Reg. xxi. t. 1810 (1835).—Douglasianae.—
British Columbia to California, east to Idaho, Montana and Wyom-
ing (type locality: Garden of London Horticultural Society, from
seed collected along lower Colorado River).

Douglasii f. badia Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xiv. 65 (1907).—British Colum-
bia, Washington (type locality: Union Flat, near Pullman, Wash.).

Douglasii var. rivularis (Nutt.) Sargent in Gard. & For. 1. 401 (1889) =
C. rivularis.

Douglasii var. Suksdorfii Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xitv. 65 (1907).—Wash-
ington (type locality: western Klickitat County).

Downingii Hort. ex Nicholson in Hand-list Arb. Kew, pt. 1. 209 (1894),
as synonym of C. tomentosa (?).

drymophila Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. 1. (1920), as “drymopila”.—
Silvicolae.—Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi (type locality of
C. silvicola Beadle, which this name replaces: Gadsden, Ala.).

dumetosa Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. xrx. 109 (1908.)—
Molles.— Missouri (type locality: Neck City).

dumicola Sargent in Rhodora, v. 183 (1903).—Macracanthae.—Quebec,
New England (type locality: Fort Fairfield, Me.).

Dunbari Sargent in Proc. Rochester Acad. Sci. 1v. 126 (1903).—Ano-
malae.—New York (type locality: Rochester).

dunmorensis Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. uxu. 174 (1910).—
Pruinosae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Dunmore).

duracina Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. ux. 186 (1910).—
Pruinosae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Whisky Hollow, near
Kittanning).

durifolia Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xvi. 12 (1900).—
Virides.—TIllinois, Missouri (type locality ‘‘Missouri”). (?)

durobrivensis Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, 1. 3 (1902).—Dilatatae.—
New York (type locality: Rochester).

Eamesii Sargent, Manual Trees N. Am. 454 (1905).—Coccineae.—
Connecticut (type locality: Stratford).

Earlei Ashe in Bull. N. Car. Exper. Sta. cLxxv. 112 (1900).—Uniflorae.—
Florida, Alabama (type locality: Cullman County, Ala.).

Eastmaniana Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cuxvut. 77 (1913).—
Punctatae.—New York (type locality: Durand-Eastman Park,
Rochester).

Eatoniana Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. 105, Bot. rx. 51 (1906).—
Punctatae.—New York (type locality: Menands golf grounds,
near Albany).

ebracteata Ashe in Bull. N. Car. Exper. Sta. cuxxv. 109 (1900).—
Group?—North Carolina (type locality: Winston). (?)

1925] PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 31

CRATAEGUS

eburnea Ashe in Ann. Carnegie Mus. 1. 395 (1902).—Crus-galli.—
Pennsylvania and Virginia to Ohio and Tennessee (type locality
not given).

edita Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxxu1. 110 (1902).—Crus-galli.— Louisiana,
Texas (type locality: Marshall, Tex.).

Edsoni Sargent in Rhodora, vu. 205 (1905).—Tenuifoliae.—New Eng-
land, New York (type locality: Burlington, Vt.).

edulis pace Hie Cat. 39 (1826), nomen nudum.—Loudon, Arb. Brit.
11. 818 (1838), as synonym of C. punctata var. aurea Ait.

edura ey in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 128 (1902).—Crus-galli.—
Louisiana (type locality: Opelousas).

edurescens Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. tx. 180 (1910).—
Pruinosae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Edgemont Township,
Delaware County).

effera Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. uxm. 206 (1910).—Silvi-
colae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Scranton).

efferata Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxir. 128 (1908).—Macra-
canthae.—New York (type locality: Hemlock Lake).

efferta Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. xrx. 51 (1908).—Crus-
galli.—Missouri (type locality, Pacific).

effulgens Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. xx. 71 (1912).—Crus-
galli.—Illinois, Tennessee, Missouri (type locality: Springfield,
Mo.).

Eganii Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xvu. 15 (1900).—Tenui-
foliae.—Illinois (type locality .

ce

northern Illinois’’)

egens Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 85 (1902).—Flavae.—Florida
(type locality: Bristol).

Eggertii Britton in Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 1. 447 (1900) = C. coccinoides

Ashe.
Egglestonii Sargent in Rhodora, ut. 30 (1901).—Anomalae.—New
ampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts (type locality: Bald Mountain,
Shrewsbury, Vt.).

egregia Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 82 (1902).—Flavae.—Florida
(type locality: Bristol).

elliptica Aiton, Hort. Kew, mu. 168 (1789).*—Flavae. (?)

elliptica Elliot, Sketch, 1. 549 (1821) = C. aestivalis T. & G.

ellipticifolia Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. 111. 194 (1923).—Pruinosae.—
Ohio (type locality: Delaware).

Ellwangeriana Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxx. 118 (1902).—Molles.—
Ontario, New York, Pennsylvania, Michigan (type locality: Ro-
chester, N. Y.).

* I have seen only cultivated pas of this apt in which the principal distinction from

C. flava appears to be in its 8-10 stamens and pale yellow anthers. Since the origin of the
type cultivated in netand | is not definitely known the geographical range can not be oe

32 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. WI

CRATAEGUS

elongata Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxxv. 380 (1903).—Coccineae.—Illinois,
Wisconsin (type locality: Deerfield, IIl.).

Emersoniana Sargent in Rhodora, vit. 181 (1905).—-Macracanthae.—
Massachusetts (type locality: Somerset).

Engelmannii Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxx1. 2 (1901).—Crus-galli.—Southern
Illinois and Kentucky to Missouri and Arkansas (type locality:
Allenton, Mo.).

ensifera Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. xrx. 124 (1908).—Macra-
canthae.— Missouri (type locality: Swan).

enucleata Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, 11. 239 (1913).—Virides.— Arkansas
(type locality: Fulton).

erecta Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxx1. 218 (1901).—Crus-galli.—Indiana
and Illinois to Missouri and Arkansas (type locality: East St.
Louis, IIl.).

errata Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. uxi1. 245 (1910).—Ano-
malae.— Pennsylvania (type locality: Keyser Valley, near Scranton).

erubescens Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. ux. 178 (1910).—
Pruinosae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Kittanning).

erythrocarpa Ashe in Bull. N. Car. Exper. oe CLXXV. 109 (1900).—

«- 42)

erythropoda Ashe in Bull. N. Car. Exper. Sta. CLxxv. 113 (1900).—
Douglasianae.—Colorado to Washington (type locality: foot-hills
of Cache la Poudre Mountains, northern Colo.).

Evansiana Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. tvu. 633 (1905).—
Rotundifoliae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: West Fairmount Park,
Philadelphia).

exclusa Sargent in Rhodora, v. 108 (1903) —Molles.—Vermont, New
York, Ohio (type locality: Bald Mountain, Clarendon and Shrews-
bury, Vt.).

exigua Sargent in Rhodora, v. 52 (1903) = C. crus-galli var. exigua.

exigua Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xix. 20 (1903).—Tenui-
foliae.—Wisconsin (type locality: Milwaukee). (?)

exilis Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 76 (1902).—Flavae.—Georgia
(type locality: Albany).

eximia Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 62 (1902).—Intricatae.—
Alabama (type locality: Sand Mountain, near Pisgah)

exornata Sargent in Ontario Nat. Sci. Bull. rv. 31 (1908).—Pruinosae.—
Ontario, New York (type locality: Chippewa, Ont.).

extraria Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 73 (1902).—Flavae.—
Georgia (type locality: Marietta).

fallax Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xrx. 11 oe —Macra-
canthae. —Michigan (type locality: Port Huron). (?)

fallsiana Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cuxvu. 113 (1913).—Ano-
malae.—New York (type locality: Little Falls).

1925] PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 33

CRATAEGUS

Farwellii Sargent in Rep. Geol. Surv. Mich. 1906, 519 (1907).—Crus-
galli—Michigan (type locality: Bell Island, Detroit).

fastosa Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, 1. 61 (1903).—Punctatae.—Arkansas
(type locality: Fulton).

Faxonii Sargent in Rhodora, v. 161 (1903).—Rotundifoliae.—New Hamp-
shire (type locality: Franconia).

fecunda Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxx. 111 (1902).—Crus-galli.—Southern
Illinois, Missouri (type locality: Arnold Arboretum from seed
collected near Allenton, Mo.).

felix Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. tvi1. 589 (1905).—Silvi-
colae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Reading).

fera Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 128 (1902).—Crus-galli.—
Louisiana (type locality: Opelousas).

ferentaria Sargent in Proc. Rochester Acad. Sci. 1v. 135 (1903).—
Macracanthae.—Southeastern Canada, New England, New York
(type locality: Rochester, N. Y.).

Fernaldii Sargent in Rhodora, v. 166 (1903).—Rotundifoliae.—Maine
(type locality: Fort Fairfield and Fort Kent, Aroostook County).

ferox Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. x1x. 52 (1908) = C. arduennae
Sarg

Ferrissii aes in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xvi. pt. 2, 11 (1901).—
Pruinosae.—Illinois (type locality: ‘“‘northern Illinois’’).

ferta Sargent in Ontario Nat. Sci. Bull. 1v. 77 (1908).—Macracanthae.—
Ontario (type locality: Toronto).

fertilis Sargent in Rhodora, v. 182 (1903).—Macracanthae. —South-
eastern Canada, New England (type locality: Orono, Me.).

festiva Sargent in Rhodora, v. 54 (1903).—Pruinosae.—Connecticut
(type locality: East Lyme).

filipes Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. x1x. 18 (1903) .—Silvi-
colae.— Michigan (type locality: Port Huron).

finitima Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxit. 78 (1908).—Macra-
canthae.—New York (type locality: Niagara Falls).

firma Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. tvir. 612 (1905).—Tenui-
foliae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Sellersburg).

flabellata (Bosc) K. Koch in Verh. Ver. Beférd, Gartenb. Preuss. ser. 2,
1. 240 (Weissd. 20) (1853).—Tenuifoliae.—Southeastern Canada,
New England and New York, west to northern Illinois (type
locality of Mespilus flabellata Bosc: cultivated in Jardin des Plantes,
Paris, from unknown source).

flagrans Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cv. Bot. IX. 71 (1906).—
Macracanthae.—New York (type locality: North Greenbush).

flammata Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila, uxm. 211 (1910).—
Tenuifoliae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Birdseye, near Scranton).

34 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou. v1

CRrATAEGUS

flammea Sargent in Rep. Geol. Surv. Mich. 1906, 563 (1907).—Macra-
canthae.—Ontario, Michigan (type locality: Sarnia, Ont.).

flava Aiton, Hort. Kew. u. 169 (1789).—Flavae.—Georgia, Florida
(type locality: cultivated in Royal Botanical Gardens, Kew. ‘Native
of North America’’).

flava var. i ia (Ait.) Sargent, Silva N. Am. iv. 114 (1892) =

elliptica.
flava var. poe Nash in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club. xxi. 150 (1895) =
integra.

flava var. lobata (Bosc) Lindley in Bot. Reg. xxi. t. 1932 (1837) = C
elliptica Ait.

flava var. pubescens Gray, Man. ed. 2, 124 (1856). (?)

flavens Loddiges, Cat. 46 (1836), nomen nudum.—Loudon, Arb. Brit.
11. 849 (1838), as synonym of C. punctata flava.

flavida Sargent in Rep. Geol. Surv. Mich. 1906, 554 (1907).—Intri-
catae.—Ontario, Michigan (type locality: London, Ont.).

flavo-carnis Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soe. xvm. 9 (1900).—
Group?—North Carolina (type locality: Salisbury). (2)

flexispina (Moench) Sargent in Gard. & For. um. 424 (1889) = C. flava
Ait

ieioina var. pubescens (Gray) Millspaugh, FI. W. Va. 360 (1892). (?)

flexuosa (Poir.) DeCandolle, Prodr. 11. 627 (1825).—Uniflorae.—(Type
region: “‘Carolina’’).

florea Sargent in Rhodora, v. 145 (1903).—Tenuifoliae.—Nova Scotia,
Maine (type locality: Orono, Me.).

florens Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 94 (1902).—Flavae.—Georgia,
Mississippi, Louisiana (type locality: Columbus, Miss.).

florida Loddiges, Cat. 46 (1836), nomen nudum.—Loudon, Arb. Brit.
ir. 841 (1838), as synonym of C. parvifolia Ait. = C. uniflora
Muench.

floridana Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxxi. 124 (1902).—Flavae.—Florida
(type locality: Jacksonville).

floridula Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxir. 126 (1908).—Ano-
malae.—New York (type locality: Piseco).

florifera Sargent in Ontario Nat. Sci. Bull. rv. 14 (1908).—Punctatae.—
Ontario (type locality: Toronto).

fluviatilis Sargent in Rhodora, v. 117 (1903) (as “fluviatalis””).—Coc-
cineae.—Quebec (type locality: Adirondack Junction).

foetida Ashe in Ann. Carnegie Mus. 1. 389 (1902).—Intricatae.—Ontario,
New England, New York, Pennsylvania (type locality: Berks
County, Pa.).

foliata Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxu. 53 (1908).—Silvicolae.—
New York (type locality: Niagara Falls).

1925] PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 85

CRATAEGUS
Fontanesiana (Spach) Steudel, Nom. Bot. ed. 2, 1. 432 (1840).—Crus-
ii—Pennsylvania. (Type locality of Mespilus Fontanesiana
Spach not given, but species based upon plants cultivated in Europe.)
Fontanesiana 8. angustifolia Lange, Rev. Gen. Crat. 63 (1897) = C. crus-
alli var. pyracanthifolia Ait.?
Fontanesiana a. latifolia Lange, Rev. Gen. Crat. 63 (1897). (?)
Fontanesiana «. latifolia f. chlorocarpa Lange, 63 (1897). (?)
Forbesae Sargent in Rhodora, v. 151 (1903).—Tenuifoliae.—Massa-
chusetts, Connecticut (type locality: Worcester County, Mass.).
formosa Sargent in Proc. Rochester Acad. Sci. tv. 101 (1903).—Prui-
nosae.—Ontario, New York, Ohio (type locality: Rochester, N. Y.).
fortis Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 92 (1902).—Flavae.—Mississippi
(type locality: Columbus).
fortunata Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. ux. 239 (1910).—
Intricatae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Charleroi).
Fortunei Hort. ex Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. vi. 1 (1925), as a synonym
of C. Fontanesiana Steud.
franklinensis Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. tv. 100 (1922).—Pruinosae.—
Ohio (type locality: Columbus).
fretalis Sargent in Rhodora, v. 112 (1903).—Coccineae.—Connecticut
(type locality: Groton).
Fretzii Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. tvir. 604 (1905).—
Silvicolae. —Pennsylvania (type locality: Durham).
fructuosa Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. ux1. 232 (1910).—
Intricatae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: West Chester).
frugalis Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 100 (1902).—Flavae.—
Georgia (type locality: Albany).
frugiferens Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 30 (1901).—Flavae.—
Alabama (type locality: Cullman).
frutescens Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxm. 113 (1908).—
acracanthae.—New York (type locality: Coopers Plains).
fruticosa Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, 1. 13 (1902).—Uniflorae.—Florida
(type locality: Seville).
fucata Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxi. 99 (1908).—Tenui-
foliae.—New York (type locality: Coopers Plains).
fucosa Sargent in Rhodora, v. 137 (1903).—Tenuifoliae.—New Hamp-
shire, Massachusetts (type locality: West Boylston, Mass.).
fulgens Sargent in Rhodora, vit. 182 (1905).—Macracanthae.—Massa-
chusetts, Connecticut (type locality: Stratford, Ct.).
fulgida Sargent in Ontario Nat. Sci. ies Iv. 84 (1908).—Macracan-
thae.—Ontario (type locality: Toronto).
Fulleriana Sargent in Proc. Rochester Acad. Sci. 1v. 111 (1903).—
Molles.—New York (type locality: Rochester).

36 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou. v1

CRATAEGUS

fulva Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. tv. 649 (1905).—Intri-
catae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Forge Hill, Berks County).

furcata Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. x1x. 86 (1908) = C. viridis
L

furtiva Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 81 (1902).—Flavae.—Georgia
(type locality : Albany).

fusca Sargent in Rhodora, vu. 193 (1905).—Pruinosae.—Vermont
(type locality: Burlington).

galbans Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 74 (1902).—Flavae.—
Florida (type locality: River Junction).

a Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xvir. 12 (1900).—

inosae.—Ohio Indiano, West Virginia, Illinois, Kentucky,

Tennessee (type locality: Nashville, Tenn.).

gaudens Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. uxi. 170 (1910).—
Pruinosae.— Pennsylvania (type locality: Riverview Park, Allegheny
City).
Gaultii Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxxv. 397 (1903).—Macracanthae.—
Illinois (type locality: Milton Township, Du Page County).
Gaylussacia Heller in Bull. S. California Acad. Sci. 1. 69 (1903).—
Douglasianae.—California (type locality: Sebastopol, Sonoma
County).

gemmosa Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxxim. 119 (1902).—Macracanthae.—
Ontario, and New York, west to Ohio, Wisconsin and Illinois (type
locality: Grand Rapids, Mich.).

geneseensis Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxu. 27 (1908).—
Crus-galli—New York (type locality: Rochester).

genialis Sargent in Rhodora, v. 148 (1903).—Tenuifoliae.—Onatrio,
New England, New York (type locality: Stockbridge Bowl, Mass.).

geniculata Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xvu. 16 (1900).—
Flavae.—North Carolina (type locality: “middle North Carolina’”’).
(?)

georgiana Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxxur. 113 (1902).—Pruinosae.—
Georgia (type locality: Rome).

georgica Loddiges, Cat. 46 (1836), nomen nudum.—Loudon, Arb. Brit.
11. 849 (1838), as synonym of C. spathulata Michx.

Gilbertiana Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cixvir. 101 (1913).—
Coccineae.—New York (type locality: Warren).

gilva Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 60 (1902).—Intricatae.—
Alabama (type locality: Albertville).

glabrata Sargent in Ontario Nat. Sci. Bull. rv. 85 (1908).—Macra-
canthae.—Ontario (type locality: Toronto).

glabrifolia Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. xxi. 74 (1912).—
Punctatae?— Missouri (type locality: Grandin).

1925] PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 37

CRATAEGUS

glabriuscula Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxx1. 235 (1901).—Virides.—Texas
(type locality: Dallas).

glandulifera Loddiges, Cat. 46 (1836), nomen nudum.—Loudon, Arb.
Brit. 11. 849 (1838), as synonym of C. pyrifolia Ait.

glandulosa Moench, Baume Weiss. 31 (1785) = C. macracantha ma ?

glandulosa B. ones (Lindl.) K. Koch, Hort. Dendr. 167 (1853) =
Douglas

glandulosa e. “dliptica Lauche, Deutsche Dendr. 573 (1883). (?)

glandulosa 8. macracantha (Lodd.) Lindley in Bot. Reg. xxu. t. 1912
(1836) = C. macracantha.

glandulosa c. odorata (Wendl.) Lauche, Deutsche Dendr. 573 (1883). (?)

glandulosa y. purpurea (Bosc) K. Koch, Hort. Dendr. 167 (1853). (?).

glandulosa 8. rotundifolia (Moench) K. Koch, Hort. Dendr. 167 (1853) =
C. rotundifolia.

glandulosa ¢. succulenta (Schrad.) K. Koch, Hort. Dendr. 167 (1853) =
C. succulenta.

glandulosa «. typica Regel in Act. Hort. Petrop. 1. 120 (1871) =C.
Bicknellii Eggleston.

glareosa Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xvu1. 21 (1902) .—
Pruinosae?—Michigan (type locality: Port Huron).

glaucophylla Sargent in Rhodora, v. 140 (1903).—Tenuifoliae.—
Ontario, New England, New York, Pennsylvania and Michigan
(type locality: Great Barrington, Mass.).

globosa Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. xrx. 118 (1908).—Macra>
canthae.—Missouri (type locality: Monte

gloriosa Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxtt. 1 (1908) = C. pedi-
cellata var. gloriosa Sarg.

gracilipes Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxir. 119 (1908).—Tenui-
foliae.—New York (type locality: Hemlock Lake, Livingston
County).

gracilis Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxi. 37 (1908).—Prui-
nosae.—New York, Ohio, Indiana (type locality: Niagara Falls,
1 ae ae

grandis Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xvu. pt. 2, 9 (1901).—
Punctatae.—lllinois (type locality not given). (?)

gratiosa Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. uxi. 243 (1910).—
Intricatae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Bedford Springs).

Gravesii ak in Rhodora, v. 159 (1903) = C. Dodgei Ashe.

gravida Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 119 (1902).— Molles.—
Tennessee (type locality: Nashville).

gravis Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xx. 49 (1904).—Silvi-
colae.—Ontario, Michigan, Ohio (type locality: Port Huron, Mich.).

Grayana Eggleston in Rhodora, x. 80 (1908) = C. flabellata K. Koch.

38 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL, v1

CRATAEGUS

gregalis Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 118 (1902).—Uniflorae.—
North Carolina, South Carolina (type locality: Biltmore, N. Car.).

Greggiana Eggleston in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, xxxvi. 511 (1909).—
Molles.— Mexico (type locality: Saltillo, Coahuila).

grossa Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. uxir. 223 (1910).—Rotundi-
oliae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Bedford Springs).

grossiserrata Ashe in Bull. N. Car. Exper. Sta. cuxxv. 112 (1900) .—
Uniflorae.—Florida (type locality not given). (?)

grossulariaefolia Loddiges, Cat. 39 (1826), nomen nudum.—Loudon, Arb.
Brit. 1. 849 (1838) as synonym of C. crus-galli var. prunifolia.

Gruberi Ashe in Ann. Carnegie Mus. 1. 388 (1902).—Tenuifoliae.—
Pennsylvania (type locality: Berks County).

Habereri Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxvi. Bot. x. 21 (1907).—
Tenuifoliae.—New York (type locality: New Hartford),

habilis Ashe in Bot. Gaz. xxxyv. 435 (1903).—Coccineae.—Ohio (type
locality: Mansfield). (?)

Hadleyana Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cuxvi. 93 (1913) .—
Tenuifoliae.—Ontario, New York (type locality: Herkimer).

haemacarpa Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xvir. 8 (1900) .—
Pruinosae.—North Carolina (type locality: banks of Cullassagee
River, Macon County).

Halliana Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cv. Bot. rx. 73 (1906) .—
Macracanthae.—New York (type locality: North Albany).

hamata Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. x1x. 46 (1908).—Crus-
galli.—Missouri (type locality: Pacific).

Handyae Sargent in Rhodora, vu. 177 (1905).—Macrospermae.—
Massachusetts (type locality: Somerset).

Harbisonii Beadle in Bot. Gaz. xxvut. 413 (1899).—Bracteatae.—
Tennessee (type locality: Nashville).

Hargeri Sargent in Rhodora, v. 66 (1903).—Intricatae.—Connecticut
(type locality: Oxford).

Harryi Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxir. 124 (1908).—Rotundi-
foliae.—New York (type locality: Richmond).

Harveyana Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. m1. 200 (1923).—Intricatae.—
Arkansas (type locality: Eureka Springs).

heidelbergensis Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. uxi1. 215 (1910).—
Tenuifoliae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Kutztown).

helderbergensis Sargentin N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cv. Bot. rx. 49 (1906) .—
Crus-galliimNew York (type locality: Thompsons Lake. Albany
County).

Helenae Sargent in Rhodora, vit. 162 (1905).—Macracanthae.—Massa-
chusetts (type locality: Southboro).

helvina Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xix. 28 (1903).—Crus-
galli.—Tennessee (type locality: Clarkton). (?)

1925] PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 39

CRATAEGUS

Hillii Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxxv. 384 (1903).—Coccineae.—Ohio,
Indiana, Illinois (type locality: Thatchers Park, Cook County,
Tll.).

hirtella Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. x1x. 62 (1908).—Crus-
galli.—Missouri (type locality: Swan).

hirtiflora Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. x1x. 82 (1908), as “‘herti-
flora.’’—Punctatae.— Missouri (type locality: Swan).

eee Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. x1x. 116 (1908).—

Macracanthae.—Illinois, Missouri, Arkansas, Texas (type locality:
Carthage, Mo.).

Holmesiana Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xvi. 78 (1900).—
Coccineae.—Southeastern Canada and New England to New York
and Pennsylvania (type locality: “‘central New York”’).

Holmesiana var. tardipes Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. 1. 254 (1920).—
Southeastern Canada, New York, Ohio (type locality of C. tardipes
Sarg.: Toronto, Ont.).

Holmesiana var. villipes Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xvmt.
pt. 2, 11 (1901).—Pennsylvania, New York (type locality not given).

honeoyensis Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxn. 129 (1908).—
Macracanthae.—New York (type locality: west of Honeoye Lake,
Ontario County).

honesta Sargent in Rep. Geol. Surv. Mich. 1906, 558 (1907).—Ano-
malae.—Michigan (type locality: Grand Rapids).

horrida Medicus, Gesch. Bot. 84 (1793).—Crus-galli. (?)

horridula Sargent in Rep. Geol. Surv. Mich. 1906, 526 (1907).—Prui-
nosae. —Michigan, Ohio (type locality: Grand Rapids, Mich.).

Howeana Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cv. Bot. rx. 52 (1906).—
Pruinosae.—New York, Ohio (type locality: Menands, near Albany,
N. Y.).

Howellii Heiser in Am. Midland Naturalist, v. 238 (1919) = C. columbi-

ana Howell.

hudsonica Sargent, Man. Trees N. Am. 457 (1905).—Dilatatae.—New
York (type locality: Albany).

Huntiana Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. crxvu. 105 (1913).—
Molles.—New York (type locality: between Jordanville and Mud
Lake, Herkimer County).

hystricina Ashe in Bot. Gaz. xxxv. 433 (1903).—Macracanthae.—
Connecticut, New York (type locality: along Housatonic River,
southern Connecticut).

hybrida Loddiges, Cat. 46 (1836), nomen nudum.—Loudon, Arb. Brit.
11. 849 (1838), as synonym of C. crus-galli prunifolia. (?)

hypolasia K. Koch, Hort. Dendr. 167 (1853) = C. mexicana Mog. &
Sessé.

40 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. vr

CRATAEGUS

Ideae Sargent in Rhodora, vu. 211 (1905).—Anomalae.—Vermont
(type locality: Concord).

ignava Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 31 (1901).—Flavae.—Alabama
(type locality: Valley Head).

wnava Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. ux. 228 (1910) = C
neosmithii Sarg.

ignea Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxm. 96 (1908).—Tenui-
foliae.—New York, Indiana (type locality: Coopers Plains, N. Y.).

illecebrosa Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. .v. 103 (1923).—Coccineae.—
Ontario (type locality: Kingston).

illinoiensis Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xvr. 76 (1900).—
Macracanthae.—lIllinois (type locality: Wady Petra).

illudens Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 111 (1902).—Flavae.—
Florida (type locality: Citra).

illuminata Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cv. Bot. 1x. 65 (1906).—
Rotundifoliae.—New York (type locality: North Albany).

illustris Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 68 (1902).— Pulcherrimae.—
Mississippi (type locality: Meridian).

immanis Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xix. 22 (1903).—
Pruinosae.—Ohio, Michigan (type locality: Port Huron).

immitis Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xrx. 28 (1903).—Crus-
galli.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Delaware County). (?)

impar Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 72 (1902).—Flavae.—Georgia
(type locality: Marietta).

impervia Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. yxn. 197 (1910).—
Silvicolae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Dunmore, near Scranton).

implicata Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxm. 49 (1908).—Silvi-

lae.—New York (type locality: Buffalo).

improvisa Sargent in Ontario Nat. Sci. Bull. 1v. 69 (1908).—Ano-
malae.—Ontario (type locality: Toronto).

inanis Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 62 (1902).—Intricatae.—
Alabama (type locality: Albertville).

a Sargent in Ontario Nat. Sci. Bull. rv. 64 (1908).—Rotundi-

liae.—Ontario (type locality: Chippewa).

incaedua Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, 1. 3 (1907).—Punctatae.— Mis-
souri (type locality: Monteer).

incana Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 113 (1902).—Flavae.—
Florida (type locality: Bristol).

incerta Sargent in Rep. Geol. Surv. Mich. 1906, 523 (1907).—Puncta-
tae.— Michigan (type locality: Port Huron).

incilis Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 41 (1901).—Pulcherrimae.—
Alabama (type locality: Evergreen).

incisa Sargent in Rhodora, vir. 196 (1905).—Pruinosae.—Connecticut
(type locality: Stratford).

1925] PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 41

CRATAEGUS
incompta Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Lx. 183 (1910).—
uinosae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Scranton).
indentata Loddiges, Cat. 46 (1836), nomen nudum.—Loudon, Arb.
Brit. 11. 817 (1838), as synonym of C. coccinea var. indentata. (?)
indicens Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xrx. 27 (1903).—Punc-
tatae.—Ohio (type locality: Mansfield). (?)
indigens Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. x1x. 13 (1903).—Uni-
florae.—North Carolina (type locality: Moore County). (?)
inducta Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xix. 24 (1903).—Intri-
catae.—Pennsylvania (type locality not given).
induta Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, 1. 115 (1903).—Molles.—Arkansas
(type locality : Fulton).
infensa Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat Sci. Phila. uxm. 201 (1910).—
Silvicolae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Charleroi).
infera Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat Sci. Phila. tvir. 651 (1905).—Intri-
catae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Sellersville).
infesta Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. xix. 45 (1908).—Crus-
gallii—Missouri (type locality: Pacific).
ingens Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 56 (1902). —Virides.—Tennes-
see (type locality: Chattanooga).
ingestria Loddiges, Cat. 46 (1836), nomen nudum. Loudon, Arb. Brit.
i. 821 (1838), as var. of C. prunifolia; l.c., 849, as synonym of C.?
crus-galli prunifolia = C. prunifolia Pers.?
ingrata Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xx. 54 (1904).—Prui-
nosae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Pittsburgh). (?)
inopina Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 107 (1902).—Flavae.—
Florida (type locality: Ocala). (?)
inopinata Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxir. 108 (1908).—Ano-
malae.—New York (type locality: Coopers Plains).
inops Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 96 (1902).—Flavae. —Alabama
(type locality: Ozark). (?)
insidiosa Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 94 (1902).—Flavae.—
Georgia, Alabama (type locality: Ozark, Ala.).
insignata Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxu. 101 (1908) .—Tenui-
foliae.—New York (type locality: Coopers Plains).
insignis Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, 1. 107 (1903).—Crus-galli.—lIllinois
(type locality: Kahokia).
insolens Sargent in Rhodora, vil. 217 (1905).—Rotundifoliae. —Vermont
(type locality: Concord).
insolita Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Lyit. 622 (1905) .—
Tenuifoliae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Collen Brook, Upper
Darby).
insperata Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. xix. 123 (1908).—
Macracanthae.—Missouri (type locality: Carthage).

42 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v1

CRATAEGUS

insueta Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. ty. 599 (1905).—
Pruinosae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: West Fairmount Park,
Philadelphia, cultivated from unknown source).

integra (Nash) Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 87 (1902).—Flavae.—
Florida (type locality of C. flava var. integra Nash: Lake Ella).

integriloba Sargent in Rhodora, m. 78 (1901).—Macracanthae.—
Quebec (type locality: Caughnawaga).

interior Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 52 (1902).—Virides.—
Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi (type locality: Chattanooga,

enn.).

intermixta Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. ut. 5 (1922).—Crus-galli.—
Missouri (type locality: Riverside Park, Hannibal).

intricata Lange in Bot. Tidsskr. x1x, 264 (1895).—Intricatae.—New
England and New York to Pennsylvania and West Virginia (type
locality: Botanical Garden of Copenhagen, cultivated).

insitula Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxn. 55 (1908).—Prui-
nosae.—New York (type locality: Chapinville).

invicta Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 37 (1901).—Flavae.—Georgia
(type locality: Doctortown).

invisa Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, 11. 147 (1911).—Molles.—Arkansas,
Oklahoma, Texas (type locality: Fulton, Ark.).

iracunda Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 124 (1902).—Pruinosae.—
Georgia (type locality: Rome).

irrasa Sargent in Rhodora, v. 116 (1903).—Coccineae.—Quebec, New
York (type locality: Sault au Ricollet, Montreal Island, Que.).

trrasa var. Blanchardi (Sarg.) Eggleston in Rhodora, x. 79 (1908) =
C. Blanchardii.

trrasa var. divergens Peck in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. uxxv. Bot. vu. 51

904) = C. divergens.

iterata Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. rv. 102 (1923).—Silvicolae.—New
York (type locality of C. seclusa Sarg., which this name replaces:
Hemlock Lake, Livingston County).

Jackii Sargent in Rhodora, v. 162 (1903).—Rotundifoliae.— Quebec
(type locality: Caughnawaga).

jasperensis Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. xix. 61 (1908).—
Crus-galli.—Missouri (type locality: Webb City).

jejuna Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Lyi. 593 (1905).—Prui-
nosae.—Pennsylvania, Ohio (type locality: Sellersville, Pa.).

Jenningsii Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. yxu. 241 (1910).—
Intricatae.—Pennsylvania, Ohio (type locality: Kittanning, Pa.).

Jesupii Sargent in Rhodora, v. 611 (1903).—Pruinosae.—Vermont
(type locality: West Rutland).

Jonesae Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxx1. 14 (1901).—Rotundifoliae.—South-
eastern Canada, Maine (type locality: Bar Harbor, Me.).

1925] PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 43

CRATAEGUS

Keepii Sargent in Rhodora, v. 165 (1903).—Rotundifoliae.— Maine
(type locality: Fort Fairfield)

Kellermanii Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, 11. 239 (1913).—Pruinosae.—
Ohio, Kentucky (type locality: Dennison, O.).

Kelloggii Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, 1. 117 (1903).—Molles.— Missouri
(type locality: St. Louis).

Kilmanii Loddiges, Cat. 46 (1836), nomen nudum.—Loudon, Arb.
Brit. 1. 849 (1838) as synonym of C.? coccinea var. maxima, Lodd.

Kennedyi Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, 1. 73 (1903).—Rotundifoliae.—
Vermont (type locality: summit of Willoughby Mountain, Orleans
County).

sea Pane Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. 11. 205 (1922).—Rotundi-

e.—Ontario (type locality: Kingston).
Kinzer ieee in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. tx. 234 (1910).—
tae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Schenley Park, Pittsburgh).

a ee Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. ctxvi. 116 (1913).—

Anomalae.—Quebec, New York (type locality: East Herkimer,

¥,).

lacera Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxxu. 123 (1902).—Tenuifoliae?—Arkansas
(type locality: Fulton).

lacrimata Small in Torreya, 1. 97 (1901).—Flavae.—Florida (type
locality: Crestview).

laetans Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. tx. 205 (1910).—
Silvicolae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Pittsburgh

laetifica niga in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Ltxm. 250 (1910).—

tae. —Pennsylvania (type locality: Bedford).

laetula eisai in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. txm. 233 (1910).—
Intricatae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Newtow

lanata Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 86 (1902). ” Flavae. —North
Carolina, Georgia (type locality: McGuire’s Mill, Gwinnett County,

lanceolata Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, 11. 65 (1908).—Virides.— Missouri
(type locality: St. Louis

lancifolia Wenderoth, Ind. Sein Hort. Marb. (1825) ex Flora, 1x. pt. 1,
354 (1826) = C. crus-galli var. pyracanthifolia Ait.

Laneyi Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, 1. 5 (1902).—Macracanthae.—New
York (type locality: Rochester).

lanigera Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. xrx. 107 (1908).—Molles.—
Illinois, Kentucky, Missouri (type locality: East St. Louis, IIl.).

lanuginosa Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, 1. 113 (1903).—Molles.— Missouri,
Kansas, Arkansas (type locality: Webb City, Mo.).

larga Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. x1x. 85 (1908).—Virides.—
Illinois (type locality: Cahokia).

44 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v1

CRATAEGUS
lasiantha Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. x1x. 105 (1908).—
lles.—Missouri, Kansas, Oklahoma (type locality: Webb City,

Mo.).

lassa Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 29 (1901).—Flavae.—Alabama
(type locality: Selma).

lata Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. tv. 610 (1905).—Tenui-
foliae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Sellersville).

latebrosa Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. xxm. 73 as —Punc-
tatae.— Missouri, Arkansas (type locality: Noel,

latiflora Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cixvu. 83 ioii-ad:
nosae.—New York (type locality: Richmond, Livingston County).

latifolia Persoon, Syn. 11. 37 (1807) = C. tomentosa L.?

latifrons Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. bxu. 181 (1910).—
Pruinosae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Orbisonia).

latisepala Ashe in Bull. N. Car. Exper. Sta. cuxxv. 109 (1900).—
Pruinosae.— Michigan, Ohio (type locality: “‘eastern Michigan’’).

laurentiana Sargent in Rhodora, ur. 77 (1901).—Macracanthae.—
Quebec (type locality: Caughnawaga).

laurifolia Medicus, Gesch. Bot. 84 (1793).—Crus-galli.—(?).

lauta Sargent in Rhodora, vi. 206 (1905).—Molles.—Known only in
cultivation. (Type locality: Olmstead Park, Boston, Mass.

lawrencensis Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. ur. 3 (1922). —Crae-calll. —
Missouri (type locality: Larussell).

laxa Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 103 (1902).—Flavae.—Alabama
(type locality: Phoenix City).

laxiflora Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxxv. 400 (1903).—Macracanthae.—
Illinois (type locality: Mokena).

lecta Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. tx. 187 (1910).—Prui-
nosae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: between Carnot and Stoope’s
Ferry, Allegheny County).

leimonia Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. uxm. 194 (1910).—
Silvicolae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Kittanning).

leioclada Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. x1x. 113 (1908).—Intri-
catae.— Missouri, Arkansas (type locality: Swan, Mo.).

leiophylla Sargent in Proc. Rochester Acad. Sci. 1v. 99 (1903).—Prui-
nosae.—New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Indiana (type locality:
Rochester, N. Y.).

leiophylla var. maineana (Sarg.) Eggleston in Rhodora, x. 81 (1908) =
C. maineana.

lemingtonensis Sargent in Rhodora, vu. 216 (1905).—Rotundifoliae.—

mont, New Hampshire (type locality: Lemington, Vt.).

lenis Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 67 (1902).—Pulcherrimae.—

Alabama (type locality: Greenville). (?)

1925] PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 45

CRATAEGUS

Lennoniana Sargent in Proc. Rochester Acad. Sci. 1v. 98 (1903).—
Pruinosae.—New York (type locality: Rochester).

lenta Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xvmr. 18 (1902).—Coc-
cineae.—Quebec, Michigan (type locality: Port Huron, Mich.).

lentula Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xrx. 25 (1903).—Intri-
catae.—North Carolina (type locality: Catawba).

lepida Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 36 (1901).—Flavae.—Georgia,
Florida (type locality: Waycross, Ga.).

Sasa eau in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. tx. 231 (1910).—

tae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Bedford Springs).

aes Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. xrx. 69 (1908).—
Crus-galli.—Missouri (type locality: Osage).

leptopoda Sargent in N. Y. State. Mus. Bull. cxxm. 118 (1908).—
Tenuifoliae.—New York (type locality: Hemlock Lake, Livingston
County).

Letchworthiana Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxir. 68 (1908).—
Coccineae.—New York (type locality: Portage).

Lettermanii Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxx1. 220 (1901).—Punctatae.—
Missouri (type locality: Allenton).

leucophleos Moench, Baume Weiss. 31 (1785).—Macracanthae.—(?)

levis Sargent in Rhodora, vi. 198 (1905).—Pruinosae.—Connecticut
(type locality: Litchfield).

limaria Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, 11. 149 (1911).—Molles.—Arkansas,
Oklahoma, Texas, Mexico (type locality: Fulton, Ark.).

limata Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 77 (1902).—Flavae.—Georgia
(type locality: Warm Springs).

limatula Sargent in Ontario Nat. Sci. Bull. 1v. 16 (1908), as “limatala”’.—

unctatae.—Ontario (type locality: London).

limnophylla Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. m1. 3 (1922).—Crus-galli.—
Florida (type locality: St. Marks).

limosa Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxu. 67 (1908).—Coccineae.—
New York (type locality: Rochester).

Lindenii Stapf in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1914, 326 (1914).—Group?—
Mexico (type locality: Chiapas, Ciudad Real). (?

linearifolia Hort. ex Nicholson in Hand-list Arb. Kew, pt. 1, 197 (1894)
as synonym of C. crus-galli var. linearis DC.

linearis Persoon, Syn. 11. 37 (1807) = C. crus-galli var. pyracanthifolia

it

It.
littoralis Sargent in Rhodora, v. 59 (1903).—Pruinosae.—Connecticut
(type locality: Waterford).
Livingstoniana Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxir. 116 (1908).—
Silvicolae.—New York (type locality: Hemlock Lake, Livingston
County).

46 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v1

CRATAEGUS

livoniana Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, 1. 3 (1908).—Crus-gallii—New
York (type locality: Hemlock Lake).

lobata (Poir.) Bose in DeCandolle, Prodr. 11. 628 (1825).—Macracanthae.
nt,

lobulata Sargent in Rhodora, 11. 22 (1901).—Coccineae.—New England,
New York (type locality: New Haven, Vt.).

— Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. xix. 97 (1908).—Prui-

ae.—Missouri (type locality: Barretts Station).

Loddigesii Hort. ex Nicholson in Hand-list Arb. Kew, pt. 1, 207 (1894)
as synonym of C. punctata Jacq.

longipedunculata Sargent in Ontario Nat. Sci. Bull. rv. 26 (1908).—
Pruinosae.—Ontario, New York, Ohio (type locality: Chippewa,

Ont.).

longipetiolata Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. uvir. 621 (1905).—
enuifoliae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Sellersville).

longispina Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxxv. 398 (1903).—Macracanthae.—
Illinois (type locality: Lake Zurich).

lucida Miller, Dict. ed. 8, no. 6 (1768) = C. crus-galli L.

lucida Elliot, Sketch, 1. 548 (1821) = C. aestivalis T. & G.?

lucorum Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxx1. 227 (1901).—Tenuifoliae.—New
York, Ohio, Illinois (type locality: Barrington, IIl.).

lucorum var. insolens (Sarg.) Eggleston in Rhodora, x. 79 (1908) =
C. insolens.

luculenta Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, 1. 11 (1902) = C. aestivalis var.
cerasoides f. luculenta Sarg.

ludoviciensis Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, 1. 5 (1907).—Virides.—Mis-
souri (type locality: St. Louis).

lumaria Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xix. 25 (1903) = C
Dodgei var. lumaria Sarg.

luminosa Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxxir. 63 (1908).—Tenui-
oliae.—New York (type locality: Buffalo).

lutea Poiret apud Jackson, Ind. Kew. 1. 636 (1893), as synonym of C.
tomentosa L.—Mespilus lutea Poiret in Lamarck, Encycl. Meth.
Suppl. 1v. 71 (1816).

lutensis Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. xxir. 75 (1912).—Virides.—
Missouri, Oklahoma (type locality: Reding’s Mill, near Joplin, Mo.).

luteola Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. txir. 240 (1910).—
Intricatae. Pennsylvania (type locality: Orbisonia).

luxuriosa Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. ux1r. 198 (1910).—
Silvicolae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Kittanning).

Macauleyae Sargent in Proc. Rochester Acad. Sci. rv. 130 (1903).—
Rotundifoliae.——New York (type locality: Genessee Valley Park,
Rochester).

1925] PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 47

macera Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxm. 117 (1908).—Silvi-
lae.—Ontario, New York (type locality: Hemlock Lake, N. Y.).
macilenta Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 64 (1902).—Intricatae.—
Alabama (type locality: Albertville).
Mackensenii Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, 1. 242 (1913) = C. limaria Sarg.
— Sargent in Mackenzie, Man. Fl. Jackson County, Mo. 108
(1902).—Pruinosae.— Missouri (type locality: Jackson County).
Macnabiana Hort. ex Nicholson in Hand-list Arb. Kew, pt. 1, 199 (1894),
as synonym of C. Douglasii var. rivularis Sarg.

Macounii Sargent in Ontario Nat. Sci. Bull. rv. 41 (1908).—Coccineae.—
Ontario (type locality: Toronto).

macra Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 134 (1902).—Crus-galli.—
North Carolina, Georgia, Mississippi (type locality: Rome, Ga.).

macracantha Loddiges, Cat. 46 (1836), nomen nudum.—Loudon, Arb.
Brit. m1. 819 (1838).—Macracanthae.—-Ontario, Vermont and New
York to northern Illinois. (First known and described from plants
cultivated in European gardens.)

macracantha var. minor Loudon, Arb. Brit. mu. 819 (1838). (?)

macracantha var. neofluvialis (Ashe) Eggleston in Rhodora, x. 83 (1908)
= C. neofluvialis.

macracantha var. occidentalis (Britton) Eggleston in Rhodora, x. 82
(1908) = C. succulenta Schrad.?

macracantha var. rhombifolia (Sarg.) Eggleston in Rhodora, x. 82 (1908)
= C. rhombifolia.

macracantha var. eines (Schrad.) Rehder in Bailey, Cycl. Am.
Hort. 1. 396 (1900) = C. succulenta.

macrocalyx Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxu. 89 (1908).—
Pruinosae.—New York (type locality: Coopers Plains).

macrophylla Sarg. in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. xrx. 104 (1908).—
Molles.—Missouri (type locality: Carondelet).

macropoda Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. x1x. 80 (1908).—
Punctatae.—Missouri, Kansas, Arkansas (type locality: Webb
City, Mo.).

macrosperma Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xv1. 73 (1900).—

enuifoliae.—North Carolina and West Virginia to Georgia and

Tennessee (type locality: Lookout Mountain, Ten

macrosperma var. acutiloba (Sarg.) Eggleston in Rhodora, 3 a 80 (1908) =
C. acutiloba.

macrosperma var. demissa (Sarg.) Eggleston in Rhodora, x. 80 (1908) =
C. demissa.

macrosperma var. matura (Sarg.) Eggleston in Rhodora, x. 80 (1908) =
C. matura.

macrosperma var. pastorum (Sarg.) Eggleston in Rhodora, x. 80 (1908) =
C. pastorum.

48 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [VoL. v1

CRATAEGUS

macrosperma var. pentandra (Sarg.) Eggleston in Rhodora, x. 80 (1908) =
C. pentandra.

macrosperma X pruinosa Eggleston in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. ccximi-
Iv. 64 (1923). (?)

macrosperma X punctata Eggleston in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. ccxiim-
Iv. 64 (1923). (?)

magniflora Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxxv. 383 (1903).—Coccineae.—
Ontario, Northern Illinois (type locality: Glendon Park, near
Chicago, IIl.).

magnifolia Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, 1. 69 (1908).—Pruinosae.—
Missouri (type locality: Webb City).

Maineana Sargent in Proc. Rochester Acad. Sci. 1v. 106 (1903).—
Silvicolae.—New York (type locality: Rochester).

maligna Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cLxvir. 111 (1913).—Rotundi-
foliae.—New York (type locality: Ogdensburg).

maloides Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, 1. 9 (1902) = C. aestivalis var.
maloides Sarg.

mansfieldensis Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. rv. 103 (1923).—Rotundi-
foliae.—Ohio (type locality: Mansfield)

marcida Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xx. 53 (1904).—Tenui-
foliae.—Ohio (type locality not given).

Margaretta Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xvi. 72 (1900).—
Rotundifoliae.—Ontario and West Virginia, west to Ohio, Iowa
and Missouri (type locality: St. Louis County, Mo.).

Margaretta var. Brownii (Britton) Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. 11. 199
(1922).—Pennsylvania, Virginia and West Virginia, west to Ohio,
Indiana and Missouri (type locality of C. Brownii: Buchanan, Va.).

Margaretta f. xanthocarpa Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. 111. 200 (1922).—
Iowa (type locality: Steamboat Rock).

Maribella Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cuxvu. 109 (1913).—
Rotundifoliae.—New York (type locality: Little Falls).

mariettensis Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. ur. 194 (1922).—Pruinosae.—
Ohio (type locality: Marietta).

Marshallit Eggleston in Rhodora, x. 79 (1908) = C. apiifolia Michx.

matura Sargent in Rhodora, mr. 24 (1901); v. 144 (1903).—Tenui-
foliae.—Southeastern Canada, New England, New York, Michigan
(type locality: Middlebury, Vt.).

McGeeae Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xvur. 20 (1902).—
Group?—lowa (type locality: ‘southeastern Iowa’’). (?)

media Sargent in Rhodora, v. 150 (1903).—Tenuifoliae.—Connecticut
(type locality: Oxford).

medioxima Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. xi. 190 (1910).—
Silvicolae.—Pennsylvania, Ohio (type locality: between Carnot
and Stoope’s Ferry, Pa.).

1925] PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 49

CRATAEGUS

meiophylla Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. m1. 198 (1922).—Rotundi-
oliae.—Ohio (type locality: Mt. Victory).

mellita Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cy. Bot. rx. 58 (1906).—Tenui-
foliae.—New York (type locality: Sandlake).

membranacea Sargent in Rhodora, v. 186 (1903).—Macracanthae.—
Vermont (type locality: Middlebury).

menandiana Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cv. Bot. rx. 68 (1906).—
Macracanthae.—New York (type locality: golf grounds, Menands).

mendosa Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 65 (1902).—Intricatae.—
Alabama (type locality: Albertville).

mercerensis Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. m1. 193 (1922).—Rotundi-

e.—West Virginia (type locality: Mercer Springs).

ee Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 115 (1902).—Flavae.—
Alabama (type locality: Ozark).

meridionalis Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. 1. 252 (1920).—Molles.—
Alabama, Mississippi (type locality: Gallion, Ala.).

merita Sargent in Rep. Geol. Surv. Mich. 1906, 540 (1907).—Tenui-

ae.—Michigan (type locality: Grand Rapids).

mespilifolia Hort. ex Nicholson in Hand-list Arb. Kew, pt. 1, 203 (1894)
as synonym of C. mollis Scheele.

meticulosa Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, 11. 243 (1913).—Intricatae.—
Michigan, Indiana (type locality: Grand Rapids, Mich.).

mexicana Mocifio & Sessé apud DeCandolle, Prodr. 1. 629 (1825).—
Group?—Mexico (type region: “‘ Nova Hispana’”’).

mexicana var. microsperma Eggleston in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, xxxv1.
508 (1909).—Mexico (type locality: Guadalajara, Jalisco).

Michauxii Persoon, Syn. u. 38 (1807).—Flavae.—North Carolina,
Georgia (type region: “‘Carol. Superior’’).

michiganensis Ashe in Bull. N. Car. Exper. Sta. chxxv. 111 (1900).—
Macracanthae.— Michigan (type locality not given).

micracantha Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, 1. 69 (1902).—Virides.—
Arkansas (type locality: Fulton).

micrantha Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. ty. 658 (1905).—
Macracanthae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Sellersville).

microcarpa Lindley in Bot. Reg. xxi. t. 1846 (1836) = C. spathulata
Michx.

isaac Sargent in Ontario Nat. Sci. Bull. rv. 82 (1908).—Macra-

ae.—Southeastern Canada, New York (type locality: Toronto,

a

Milleri Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. tv. 101 (1923).—Pruinosae.—
Pennsylvania (type locality: Erie).

miniata Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xx. 51 (1904).—Tenui-
foliae.—Pennsylvania, Ohio (type locality: Berks County, Pa.).

50 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou. v1

CRATAEGUS

minutiflora Sargent in Ontario Nat. Sci. Bull. 1v. 54 (1908).-—Intri-
catae.—Ontario, New York (type locality: Toronto, Ont.).

mira Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 78 (1902).—Flavae.—Georgia
(type locality: Marietta).

miranda Sargent in Rep. Geol. Surv. Mich. 1906, 547 (1907).—Coc-
cineae.—Ontario, Michigan, Ohio (type locality: Sarnia, Ont.).

misella Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cuxvu. 115 (1913).—Ano-
malae.—New York (type locality: Belfast).

missouriensis Ashe in Bull. N. Car. Exper. Sta. chxxv. 110 (1900).—
Macracanthae?—Tennessee, Missouri (type locality: Monteer, Mo.).

mitis Sargent, Man. Trees N. Am. 407 (1905).—Virides.—Illinois (type
locality: Cahokia).

modesta Sargent in Rhodora, m1. 28 (1901).—Intricatae.—-New England,
New York, Pennsylvania (type locality: West Rutland, Vt.).

modica Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. tym. 624 (1905).—
Tenuifoliae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Sellersville).

Mohrii Beadle in Bot. Gaz. xxvii. 416 (1899).—Crus-galli— Georgia
and Alabama, west to Kentucky, Tennessee and Arkansas (type
locality: Birmingham, Ala.).

mollicula Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, 1. 13 (1907).—Macracanthae.—
Missouri, Arkansas (type locality: Monteer, Mo.).

mollipes Sargent in Rep. Geol. Surv. Mich. 1906, 545 (1907).—Molles.—
Michigan, Indiana (type locality: Grand Rapids, Mich.).

mollis (Torr. & Gray) Scheele in Linnaea, xx1. 569 (1848).—Molles.—
Ontario and Michigan west to Minnesota and Nebraska, south to
Tennessee, Missouri and eastern Kansas (type region: “‘in civitate
Illinoensi Americae borealis’’).

mollis var. champlainensis (Sarg.) Cowles in Am. Nat. xu. 269 (1908) =
C. champlainensis.

mollis var. Ellwangeriana (Sarg.) Cowles in Am. Nat. xii. 269 (1908) =
C. Ellwangeriana.

mollis var. sera (Sarg.) Eggleston in Rhodora, x. 82 (1908) = C. sera.

mollis var. tiliaefolia (K. Koch) Koehne, Deutsche Dendr. 232 (1893) =
C. mollis Scheele.

mollita Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, u. 77 (1908).—Macracanthae.—
Missouri (type locality: Monteer).

monantha Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, mu. 237 (1913).—Aestivales?—
Florida (type locality: Seville).

monosperma Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. x1x. 56 (1908).—
Crus-galli.—Missouri (type locality: Swan).

monstrata Sargent in Rhodora, v. 146 (1903).—Tenuifoliae.—Massa-
chusetts, Connecticut (type locality: Eight Mile Brook, Southbury
and Middlebury, Ct.).

1925] PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 51

CRATAEGUS

montivaga Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. 1. 247 (1920).—Crus-galli.—
Texas (type locality: Spring Creek, near Boerne).

moselemensis Gruber in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, xxx. 391 (1905).—
Punctatae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Moselem).

moselemensis var. corrugata Gruber in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, xxxm.
391 (1905).—Pennsylvania (type locality: Charming Forge, Berks
County). (?)

Moyeriana Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. tvi. 618 (1905).—
Tenuifoliae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Sellersville).

multifida Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xx. 52 (1904).—Tenui-
foliae.— Michigan (type locality: Port Huron). (?)

multipes Ashe in Bull. N. Car. Exper. Sta. cuxxv. 111 (1900).—Group?—
Ohio (type locality not given). (?)

multispina Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xvu. 7 (1900).—
Crus-galli—North Carolina (type locality: Round Knob, below
Swannona Gap).

munda Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 38 (1901).—Flavae.—South
Carolina (type locality: Batesburg).

munita Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. xix. 73 (1908).—Crus-
galli.—Missouri, Kansas, Oklahoma (type locality: Webb City, Mo.).

nana (Dum.) Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. 3, 209 (1839).—Mespilus nana
Dumont de Courset, Bot. Cult. ed. 2, vir. 286 (1814) = C. crus-
galli var. pyracanthifolia Ait.?

Napaea Sargent in Rhodora, vir. 203 (1905).—Tenuifoliae.—Connecticut
(type locality: Litchfield).

napolitana Loddiges, Cat. 46 (1836), nomen nudum.—Loudon, Arb.
Brit. 11. 849 (1838), as synonym of C.? coccinea L.
Nelsonii Eggleston in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, xxxvi. 512 (1909).—
Group?—Mexico (type locality: San Cristobal, Chiapas). (?)
nemoralis Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxxv. 104 (1903).—Intricatae.—Pennsyl-
vania, Delaware (type locality: Rockford Park, Wilmington, Del.).

nemorosa Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. ci. 28 (1911).—Pruinosae.—
New York (type locality: Painted Post).

neobaxteri Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxm. 74 (1908).—
Rotundifoliae.—New York (type locality: Tuscarora).

neobushii Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, u. 9 (1907).—Intricatae.—
Illinois, Missouri (type locality: Monteer, Mo.).

aut Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. tv. 638 (1905).—

catae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: between Stroudsburg

bd Tannersville)

neofaxonii Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. vi. 2 (1925).—Coccineae.—
Massachusetts (type locality of C. ampla Sarg., which this name
replaces: Lanesboro.

52 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou. v1

CRATAEGUS

neofluvialis Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xv1. 71 (1900).—
Macracanthae.—North Carolina, Virginia, West Virginia, Indiana
(type locality not given).

neolondinensis Sargent, Man. Trees N. Am. 443 (1905).—Coccineae.—
Connecticut (type locality: New London).

neosmithii Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. vr. 2 (1925).—Pruinosae.—
Pennsylvania (type locality of C. ignava Sarg., which this name
replaces: Bedford Springs).

nescia Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxi. 100 (1908).—Tenui-
foliae.—New York (type locality: Coopers Plains).

nitens Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. xx11. 76 (1912).—Virides.—
Missouri (type locality: Hannibal).

nitida (Engelm.) Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxxi. 231 Soe —Virides.—
Illinois, Missouri, Arkansas (type locality not en).

nitidula Sargent in Rep. Geol. Surv. Mich. 1906, 521 aber. —Puncta-
tae.— Michigan (type locality: Port Huron).

noelensis Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. 1. 253 (1920).—Molles.—Missouri,
Arkansas (type locality: Noel, Mo.).

notabilis Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxu. 32 (1908).—Punc-
tatae.—New York (type locality: Buffalo).

X notha Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. m1. 9 (1922).—(C. apiifolia x
brachyphylla).—Arkansas (type locality: McNab, Hempstead
County).

noveboracensis Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxvr. Bot. x. 22

907).—Rotundifoliae.—New York (type locality: North Elba).
nubicola Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 126 (1902).—Tenuifoliae.—
North Carolina (type locality: Mt. Pisgah, Alexander County).
nuda Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. m1. 10 (1922).—Macracanthae.—
Missouri (type locality: Swan).

nudiflora Nuttall apud Torrey & Gray, Fl. N. Am. 1. 468 (1840), as
synonym of C. aestivalis T. & G.

numerosa Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxu. 90 (1908).—Prui-
nosae.—New York (type locality: Coopers Plains).

nupera Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. x1x. 17 (1903).—Molles.—
Illinois (type locality: Joliet). (?)

nutans Sargent in Rep. Geol. Surv. Mich. 1906, 544 (1907).—Molles.—
Michigan (type locality: Port Huron).

Oakesiana Eggleston in Torreya, vu. 35 (1907).—Rotundifoliae.—
Vermont (type locality: Bloomfield).

obesa Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xx. 47 (1904).—Macra-
canthae.—Missouri (type locality: St. Louis County). (?)

oblita Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxu. 40 (1908).—Pruinosae.—
New York (type locality: Buffalo).

1925] PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 53

CRATAEGUS
oblongifolia Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cv. Bot. rx. 60 (1906) =
. urbica Sarg.
obovatifolia Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. m1. 120 (1847).—Punctatae.—(?)
obscura Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. xrx. 119 (1908).—Macra-
canthae.—Missouri, Arkansas (type locality: Webb City, Mo.).
obstipa Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cuxvit. 80 (1913).—Prui-
nosae.—New York (type locality: Chapinville).
obtecta Ashe in Bot. Gaz. xxxu1. 233 (1902).—Molles.—TIllinois (type
locality not given). (!
occidentalis Britton in Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 1. 448 (1900) = C. suc-
culenta Schrad.?
ogdensburgensis Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cuxvu. 123 (1913).—
Macracanthae.—New York (type locality: Ogdensburg).
ohioensis Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. 1. 183 (1922).—Crus-galli.—
Ohio (type locality: Columbus).
olida Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xx. 56 (1904).—Coc-
cineae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Pyler Falls).
olivacea Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. uxir. 153 (1910) =
Fontanesiana Steud.
onusta Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xrx. 22 (1903).—Prui-
nosae.—Ohio (type locality: Mansfield).
opaca Hooker & Arnott in Comp. Bot. Mag. 1. 25 (1835),—Aesti-
vales.—Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Texas (type locality not
given).
operta Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xrx. 29 (1903).—Crus-
galli—North Carolina, Tennessee (type locality not given). (?)
opica Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xrx. 10 (1903).—Macra-
canthae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Berks County).
opima Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 40 (1901).—Pulcherrimae.—
Alabama, Florida (type locality: Greenville, Ala.).
sa Sargent in Proc. Rochester Acad. Sci. tv. 104 (1903).—Silvi-
ae.—New York, Michigan (type locality: Rochester, N. Y.).
wae een in Proc. Rochester Acad. Sci. 1v. 120 (1903).—Tenui-
foliae.—Ontario, New York (type locality: Rochester, N. Y.).
otiosa Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xx. 48 (1904).—Tenui-
foliae.—Michigan, Ohio (type locality: Summerville, Mich.).
ovalifolia Hornemann, Hort. Hafn. Suppl. 52 (1819), ex Sudworth, U. S.
ept. Agric. Div. For. xtv. 217 (1897), as synonym of C. crus-
galli prunellifolia Sudw. = C. prunifolia Pers.?
ovata Sargent, Man. Trees N. Am. 402 (1905).—Virides.—Illinois,
Missouri (type locality: Carondelet, Mo.).
ovatifolia Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxir. 92 (1908).—Prui-
nosae.—New York (type locality: Coopers Plains).

54 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v1

CRATAEGUS
pachyphylla Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. xrx. 54 (1908).—
alli Missouri (type locality: Osage).
pactilis Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soe. xIx. 20 (1903).—Tenui-
foliae.—Wisconsin (type locality: Milwaukee). (?)
Paddockeae Sargent in Rhodora, vir. 202 (1905).—Tenuifoliae.—
Vermont (type locality: Lyndonville).
padifolia Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, 11. 75 (1908).—Intricatae.—Missouri
(type locality: Swan).
padifolia var. incarnata Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. vi. 4 (1925).—
Missouri, Arkansas (type locality: Galena, Mo.).
pagensis Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. 1v. 104 (1923).—Intricatae.—
Oklahoma (type locality: Page).
Paineana Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cuxvir. 97 (1913).—Tenui-
foliae.—New York (type locality: Herkimer).
Painteriana Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Lvir. 647 (1905).—
Intricatae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Newtown)
pallens Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 27 (1901).—Intricatae.—
North Carolina (type locality: Biltmore).
pallescens Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cuxvir. 81 (1913).—Prui-
nosae.—New York (type locality: Ogdensburg).
palliata Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, wu. 236 (1913).—Crus-galli.—
Missouri, Arkansas (type locality: Fulton, Ark.).
pallidula Sargent in Ontario Nat. Sci. Bull. rv. 36 (1908).—Tenui-
foliae.—Ontario (type locality: Toronto).
Palmeri Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, 1. 57 (1903).—Crus-galli.— Missouri,
Kansas, Arkansas, Oklahoma (type locality: Webb City, Mo.).
paludosa Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, 1. 15 (1902).—Virides.—Florida
(type locality: Haw Creek, Volusia County).
palustris Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xvm. 13 (1900).—
roup?—Indiana (type locality: Freeport). (?)
panda Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 89 (1902).—Flavae.—Florida
(type locality: Tallahassee).
panda Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. x1x. 29 (1903).—Group?—
North Carolina (type locality: Glendon). (?)
paradoxa Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. xx. 68 (1912).—Crus-
gallii—Missouri, Kansas, Arkansas (type locality: Joplin, Mo.).
parca Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xrx. 19 (1903).—Tenui-
foliae.—Wisconsin (type locality: Milwaukee). (?)
parciflora Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. x1x. 60 (1908).—Crus-
gallii—Missouri, Arkansas, Texas (type locality: Webb City, Mo.).
Parkae Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. xxu. 70 (1912).—Crus-
galli—Missouri (type locality: Springfield).
Parryana Eggleston in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, xxxvi. 510 (1909).—
roup?—Mexico (type locality: Alvarez, San Louis Potosi). (?)

1925] PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 55

CRATAEGUS

parviflora Sargent in Proc. Rochester Acad. Sci. 1v. 117 (1903).—
Tenuifoliae——New York, Pennsylvania, Indiana (type locality:
Rochester, N. Y.).

parvifolia Aiton, Hort. Kew. 1. 169 (1789) = C. uniflora Muench.

parvifolia var. florida (Lodd.) Loudon, Arb. Brit. m. 842 (1838). (?)

parviflora var. grossulariaefolia (Lodd.) Loudon, Arb. Brit. 1m. 842
(1838).—(?)

parvula Sargent in Rep. Geol. Surv. Mich. 1906, 527 (1907).—Prui-
nosae.— Michigan (type locality: Port Huron).

pascens Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xvim. 23 (1902).—
Rotundifoliae?— Michigan, Wisconsin (type locality not given). (?)

pastorum Sargent in Rhodora, 1m. 24 (1901).—Tenuifoliae.—New
Hampshire, Massachusetts, Connecticut (type locality: Lancaster,
Mass.).

patrum Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. x1x. 95 (1908).—Prui-
nosae.—lowa, Missouri, Arkansas (type locality: St. Louis, Mo.).

paucispina Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxxv. 391 (1903).—Tenuifoliae.—
Illinois (type locality: Maywood).

pausiaca Ashe in Ann. Carnegie Mus. 1. 390 (1902).—Punctatae.—

ew York, Pennsylvania (type locality not given).

Pearsonii Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xvir. 10 (1900).—
Flavae?—North Carolina (type locality: King’s Mountain). (?)

Pechiana Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. xx. 78 (1912).—
Virides.—Illinois, Missouri (type locality: Hannibal, Mo.).

Peckietta Sargent in Rhodora, vir. 174 (1905).—Macracanthae.—New
York (type locality: Piseco).

Peckii Sargent in Rhodora, v. 63 (1903).—Intricatae.—New York (type
locality: Lansingburg).

pedicellata Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxxr. 226 (1901).—Coccineae.—
Ontario, New York, Pennsylvania (type locality: Rochester, N. Y.).

pedicellata var. Ellwangeriana (Sarg.) Eggleston in Rhodora, x. 82
(1908) = C. Ellwangeriana.

pedicellata var. gloriosa Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. 1. 254 (1920).—
Coccineae.—New York (type locality: Rochester).

pelacris Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cuxvir. 82 (1913).—Prui-
nosae.—New York (type locality: Olean).

pellecta Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxm. 85 (1908).—Prui-
nosae.—New York (type locality: Coopers Plains).

pellucidula Sargent in Rhodora, vu. 179 (1905).—Macracanthae.—
Connecticut (type locality: Litchfield).

penita Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 57 (1902).—Virides.—Tennes-
see (type locality: Chattanooga).

pennsylvanica Ashe in Ann. Carnegie Mus. 1. 394 (1902).—Molles.—
Pennsylvania (type locality: Berks County).

56 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. vt

CRATAEGUS

Pennypackeri Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxxv. 100 (1903).—Crus-galli.—
Delaware (type locality: Stanton Station).

pentandra Sargent in Rhodora, 11. 25 (1901).—Tenuifoliae.—Quebec,
New England, New York (type locality: New Haven, Vt.).

pentaneura Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xix. 12 (1903).—
Uniflorae.—New Jersey, North Carolina (type locality not given).
(?)

pentasperma Ashe in Bot. Gaz. xxxv. 436 (1903).—Group?—North
Carolina (type locality: Franklin). (?)

peoriensis Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxx1. 5 (1901).—Crus-galli.—TIllinois
(type locality: Princeville, Peoria County).

pequotorum Sargent in Rhodora, v. 55 (1903). aeons —Connecti-
cut (type locality: Mumford’s Point, Grot

peramoena Sargent in Ontario Nat. Sci. Bull. 1 Iv. ‘89 (1908).—Macra-
canthae.—Ontario (type locality: London).

perampla Sargent in Rep. Geol. Surv. Mich. 1906, 525 (1907).—Prui-
nosae. —Michigan (type locality: Port Huron).

perjucunda Sargent in Ontario Nat. Sci. Bull. rv. 27 (1908).—Pruino-
sae.—Ontario, New York (type locality: London, Ont.).

perlaeta Sargent in Rep. Geol. Surv. Mich. 1906, 541 (1907).—Tenui-
foliae.—Michigan (type locality: Grand Rapids).

perlevis Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xx. 48 (1904).—Tenui-

ae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Kutztown).

permera Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. xrx. 65 (1908).—Crus-
galli.—Missouri, Arkansas (type locality: Monteer, Mo.).

perrara Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cuxvi. 103 (1913).—Coc-
cineae.—New York (type locality: Chapinville).

persimilis Sargent in Proc. Rochester Acad. Sci. 1v. 94 (1903).—Crus-
gallicNew York (type locality: Rochester).

persistens Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, m1. 233 (1913).—Crus-galli.—
Known only in cultivation (type locality: Arnold Arboretum,
from seed received from Museum d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, of
unknown origin).

perspicabilis Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cuxvir. 90 (1913).—
Silvicolae.—New York (type locality: Sala.aanca).

pertomentosa Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sei. Soc. xvr. 70 (1900).—
Macracanthae.— Missouri, Kansas (type locality: Johnson County,
Kan.).

pexa Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 116 (1902).—Flavae.—North
Carolina (type locality: Salisbury).

Phaenopyrum (L.f.) Medicus, Gesch. Bot. 83 (1793).—Microcarpae.—
North Carolina, Tennessee, Kentucky, Illinois and Missouri (type
locality not given).

1925] PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 57

CRATAEGUS

phaneroneura Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. rr. 2 (1922).—Crus-galli.—
Missouri (type locality: Clarksville).

philadelphica Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. tym. 588 (1905).—
Pruinosae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: West Philadelphia).

phlebodia Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. uxir. 155 (1910).—
Crus-galli.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Bedford Springs).

picta Sargent in Ontario Nat. Sci. Bull. rv. 91 (1908).—Macracanthae.—
Ontario (type locality: Toronto).

pilifera Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. xrx. 64 (1908).—Crus-
galli.—tlllinois, Missouri, Arkansas (type locality: Swan, Mo.).

pilosa Sargent in Rhodora, v. 56 (1903).—Pruinosae.—Massachusetts
(type locality: Lancaster).

pinetorum Beadle in Bot. Gaz. xxx. 343 (1900).—Pulcherrimae.—
Alabama (type locality: Albertsville).

pinguis Sargent in Rep. Geol. Surv. Mich. 1906, 559 (1907).—Ano-

malae.—Michigan (type locality: Lowell, Kent County).

Pinshow Hort. ex Nicholson in Hand-list Arb. Kew, pt. 1. 211 (1894),
as synonym of C. uniflora Muench.

Piperi Britton in Torreya, 1. 55 (1901).—Douglasianae.—Washington,
Oregon, Idaho (type locality: Pullman, Wash.).

pisifera Sargent in Rhodora, vir. 163 (1905).—Macracanthae.—Ontario,
Vermont, Massachusetts (type locality: Cornwall,

placens Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, 11. 243 (1913).—Molles.—Ontario,
Michigan (type locality: Walpole Island, Lamberton County, Ont.).

placiva Sargent in Ontario Nat. Sci. Bull. rv. 22 (1908).—Pruinosae.—
Ontario, New York, Michigan (type locality: Buffalo, N. Y.).

plana Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxu. 45 (1908).—Pruinosae.—

New York (type locality: Buffalo).

platycarpa Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. x1x. 92 (1908).—

Pruinosae.—lIllinois, Missouri, Arkansas (type locality: Moark,

Ark.

eelophvli Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. m1. 185 (1922).—-Virides.—
Texas (type locality: Columbia).

polita Sargent in Rhodora, v. 111 (1903).—Coccineae.— Massachusetts,
Connecticut, New York (type locality : East Lyme, Ct.).

polita var. Tatnalliana (Sarg.) Eggleston in Rhodora, x. 82 (1908) =

Tatnalliana.

polybracteata Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xvr. 79 (1900).—
Rotundifoliae.—New York, Ohio (type locality: Sugar Grove, O.).

polyclada Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. xx1r. 72 (1912).—Crus-
galli.—Missouri (type locality: Springfield).

populifolia Walter, Fl. Car. 147 (1788) = C. Phaenopyrum Medic.

populnea Ashe in Ann. Carnegie Mus. 1. 395 (1902).—Tenuifoliae.—
Pennsylvania (type locality: Berks County).

58 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v1

CRATAEGUS

porracea Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xvu. pt. 2, 19 (1901).—
Tenuifoliae.—Pennsylvania, New York (type locality: Susque-
hanna, Pa.). (?)

porrecta Ashe in Ann. Carnegie Mus. 1. 391 (1902).—Punctatae.—
Pennsylvania (type locality: Pittsburgh).

Porteri Britton in Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 1. 448 (1900).—Pruinosae.—
Pennsylvania (type locality: Tannersville).

praeclara Sargent in Ontario Nat. Sci. Bull. rv. 97 (1908).—Macra-
canthae.—Ontario (type locality: Toronto).

praecoqua Sargent in Rhodora, v. 167 (1903).—Rotundifoliae.—Quebec,
northern New England and New York, west to Wisconsin and north-
ern Illinois (type locality: Crown Point, N. Y.).

praecoxr Sargent in Rhodora, 111. 27 (1901) = C. praecoqua Sarg.

praestans Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. uxir. 163 (1910).—
Punctatae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Nine Mile Run, near
Pittsburgh).

praetermissa Sargent in Rhodora, vir. 213 (1905).—Rotundifoliae.—
Vermont (type locality: Ferrisburg).

pratensis Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxx1. 6 (1901).—Punctatae.—lllinois
(type locality: Wady Petra).

premora Ashe in Ann. Carnegie Mus. 1. 391 (1902)—Intricatae.—
Pennsylvana (type locality: eastern part of Berks County).

Pringlei Sargent in Rhodora, m1. 21 (1901).—Coccineae.—Ontario, New
England, New York, Wisconsin, northern Illinois and Ohio (type
locality: Charlotte, Vt.).

Pringlei var. exclusa (Sarg.) Eggleston in Rhodora, x. 82 (1908) = C
exclusa

Pringlei var. lobulata (Sarg.) Eggleston in Rhodora, x. 82 (1908) =
C. lobulata.

prinoides Sargent in Ontario Nat. Sci. Bull. rv. 81 (1908).—Macra-
canthae.—Ontario (type locality: Sarnia).

prismatica Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xvi. pt. 2, 15 (1901).—
Group?—North Carolina (type locality: Madison County). (?)

priva Ashe in Bull. Charleston Mus. xr. 42 (1916).—Group?—South
Carolina (type locality: ‘‘south end of Piedmont”’). (?)

procax Ashe in Bull. Charleston Mus. xm. 42 (1916).—Crus-galli.—
South Carolina (type locality not given).

procera Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, um. 71 (1908).—Pruinosae.—New
York, Pennsylvania (type locality: Hemlock, N.

Proctoriana Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cuxvir. “110 (1913) .—
Rotundifoliae.—New York (type locality: Utica).

prominens Sargent in Ontario Nat. Sci. Bull. rv. 23 (1908).—Prui-
nosae.—Ontario, New York (type locality: Toronto, Ont.).

1925] PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 59

CRATAEGUS

promissa Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxir. 50 (1908).—Silvi-
colae.—Ontario, New York, Vermont, Michigan (type locality:
Niagara Falls, N. Y.).

prona Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xrx. 17 (1903).—Silvi-
colae.—Michigan, Ohio (type locality: Port Huron, Mich.).

propensa Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. tx1r. 214 (1910).—
Tenuifoliae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Keyser Valley, Scranton).

propinqua Ashe in Jour Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xx. 53 (1904).—
Tenuifoliae.—Ohio (type locality: Milan).

propixa Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Lxi1. 248 (1910).—

acracanthae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Scranton).

propria Sargent in Rhodora, vi. 214 (1905).—Rotundifoliae.— Massa-
chusetts (type locality: South Lancaster).

pruinosa (Wendl.) K. Koch, Hort. Dendr. 168 (1853).—Pruinosae.—
Ontario, New England and New York, south to Delaware, west to
New York, Ohio, Indiana and northern Illinois (type locality of
Mespilus pruinosa Wendland not given Me

pruinosa var. conjuncta (Sarg.) Eggleston in Rhodora, x. 81 (1908) =
C. conjuncta.

pruinosa f.dissona (Sarg.) Eggleston in Rhodora, x. 81 (1908) =C. dissona.

pruinosa var. latisepala (Ashe) Eggleston in Rhodora, x. 81 (1908) =
C. latisepala.

pruinosa var. philadelphica (Sarg.) Eggleston in Rhodora, x. 81 (1908) =
C. philadelphica.

pruinosa var. Porteri (Britton) Eggleston in Rhodora, x. 81 (1908) =
Cc teri.

pruinosa X punctata Eggleston in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cexui-tv.
64 (1923). (?)

pruinosa X straminea Eggleston in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cciiv. 422
(1924). (;

prunellifolia Bose in DeCandolle, Prodr. 11. 627 (1825) = C. prunifolia

ers. ?}

prunifolia (Marsh.) Persoon, Syn. 11. 37 (1807).—Macracanthae?—
Known only in cultivation.

prunifolia var. ingestria (Lodd.) Loudon, Arb. Brit. 11. 821 (1838) =
prunifolia Pers. (?

puberis Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxi. 73 (1908).—Rotundi-
foliae.—New York (type locality: Belfast).

pubescens (H.B.K.) Steudel, Nomencl. Bot. ed. 2, 433 (1841).—Mexico
(type locality: Real de Moran, Hidalgo

pubescens var. Botterii Eggleston in Bull. Torney Bot. Club, xxxv1.
506 (1909).—Mexico (type locality: Orizaba). (?)

pubescens f. Humboldtii Stapf in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1914, 8, 293
(1914).—Mexico (type region: San Luis Potosi to Federal Dist.). (?)

60 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou. v1

CRATAEGUS

pubescens f. stipulacea (Lodd.) Stapf in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1914,
8, 293 (1914).—Mexico (type region: Federal District).

_- Ashe in Bull. N. Car. Exper. Sta. cLxxv. 114 (1900).—Macra-

anthae.— Michigan, Indiana, Iowa (type locality: ‘‘ Middle Iowa’’).

sibiges Ashe in Bull. N. Car. Exper. Sta. chxxv. 114 (1900).—Macra-
canthae.— Minnesota (type locality: “northeastern Minnesota’’).

pudens Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. x1x. 122 (1908).—Macra-
canthae.— Missouri (type locality: Monteer).

pulcherrima Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xvi. 77 (1900).—
Pulcherrimae.—Florida, Georgia (type locality not given).

pulchra Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxu. 42 (1908).—Prui-

ae.— New York, Pennsylvania (type locality: Niagara Falls,

N. Y.).

pulla Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 96 (1902).—Flavae.—Mississippi
(type locality: Columbus). (?

pumila Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. vi. 612 (1905).—
Tenuifoliae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Sellersville).

punctata Jacquin, Hort. Vind. 1. 10 (1770).—Punctatae.—Southeastern
Canada, New England and New York, south to North Carolina and
Georgia, west to Minnesota, Iowa, Kentucky and Tennessee (type
locality: cultivated in Botanical Garden, Vienna).

punctata var. aurea Aiton, Hort. Kew. 1. 170 (1789).—Ontario, New
York, Pennsylvania, Ohio (type locality: Inverary Castle, Scotland ?
“Cultivated 1746 by Archibald, Duke of Argyle’

punctata 8. brevispina (Douglas) Hooker, FI. Bor. res r. 201 (1834),
nomen nudum = C. Douglasii Lindl.

punctata var. canescens Britton in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club. xx1. 231

.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Easton).

punctata lobata Hort. ex Zabel in Beissner Schelle & Zabel, Handb.
Laubholz-Ben. 171 (1903), nomen nudum

punctata var. microphylla Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. uxi.
159 (1910).—Pennsylvania (type locality: Linesville).

punctata var. mutabilis Gruber in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, xxx. 390
1905).—Pennsylvania (type locality: Kutztown). (?

punctata var. rubra Aiton, Hort. Kew. 1. 170 (1789) = C. punctata
Jacq.

punctata var. xanthocarpa (Medic.) Lavallée, Arb. Segrez. 1. 53 (1880) =
C. punctata var. aurea Ait.

punctata X succulenta Eggleston in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. ccxuiti-tv.
63 (1923). (?)

pura Sargent in Rep. Geol. Surv. Mich. 1906, 549 (1907).—Coccineae.—
Michigan (type locality: Grand Rapids).

pusilla Sargent in Rep. Geol. Surv. Mich. 1906, 553 (1907).—Intricatae.—
Michigan (type locality: Grand Rapids)

1925] PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 61

CRATAEGUS

puta Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. ux1. 192 (1910).—Silvi-
colae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Scranton).

putata Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. uxir. 244 (1910).—

nomalae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Virginia, near Scranton).

Putnamiana Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. rv. 102 (1923).—Coccineae.—
Ohio (type locality: Marietta).

pygmaea Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. tym. 650 (1905).—
Intricatae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Sellersville).

pyracanthifolia (Ait.) Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. 3. 209 (1839) = C. crus-
galli var. pyracanthifolia.

pyracanthoides Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 136 (1902).—Crus-
galli.—Florida (type locality: Marianna).

pyramidata Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. tae Lx1I. 196 (1910).—
Silvicolae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Scranton).

pyrifolia ee Hort. Kew. 1. 168 (1789). ke beniepe = C. tomen-
tosa L.

pyrifolia B. oer er Lange, Rev. Gen. Crat. 82 (1897).—Macracanthae.
te)

sl bas var. aie Schuette in Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington. xv1.

6 (1903).—Group?—Northwestern Wisconsin. (?)
pairs Britton in Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 1. 449 (1900) = C. dispessa
Ashe.

quaesita Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 33 (1901).—Flavae.—
Florida (type locality: River Junction). (?)

quercina Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xvi. 27 (1902).—
Molles.—Texas (type locality of C. columbiana Sarg., which this
name replaces: Columbia).

quinebaugensis Sargent in Rhodora, vi. 194 (1905).—Pruinosae.—
Connecticut (type locality: Hopeville).

radians Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxx1. 64 (1908).—Molles.—
New York (type locality: Rochester).

radiata Loddiges, Cat. 39 (1826).—Loudon, Arb. Brit. 819 (1838) as a
synonym of C. pyrifolia Ait.

radiata Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxn. 42 — —Prui-
nosae.—Ontario, New York (type locality: Buffalo, N. Y.).

radina Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. txir. 203 (1910).—
Silvicolae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Schenley Park, Pitts-
burgh).

radiosa Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. tvu. 657 (1905).—
Macracanthae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Upper Darby, Dela-
ware County).

raleighensis Ashe in Bull. N. Car. Exper. Sta. chxxv. 112 (1900).—
Uniflorae.—North Carolina (type locality: Raleigh).

62 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou. v1

CRATAEGUS

ramosa Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxir. 86 (1908).—Prui-
nosae.—New York (type locality: mip te Plains).

Randiana Sargent in Rhodora, v. 142 (1903).—Tenuifoliae.—Nova
Scotia, Maine (type locality: Bar Harbor, Me.).

rara Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, mu. 241 (1913).—Pruinosae.—Con-
necticut (type locality: Hopeville).

rava Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 91 (1902).—Flavae.— Florida
(type locality: Tallahassee).

Ravenelii Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxx. 122 (1902).—Flavae.—South
Carolina, Georgia (type locality: Augusta, Ga.).

ravida Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xvi. pt. 2, 6 (1901).—
Group?—Tennessee (type locality: Clarkton). (?)

recedens Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Ltxir. 161 (1910).—

unctatae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Kutztow

oad Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. ux. 199 (1910).—
Silvicolae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Kittanning).

recta Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxur. 97 (1908).—Tenui-
foliae.—New York (type locality: Coopers Plains).

recurva Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 106 (1902).—Flavae.—
Florida (type locality: Ocala).

redolens Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xrx. 14 (1903).—Mbol-
es.—Iowa, Wisconsin, Minnesota (type locality not given). (?)

regalis Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 134 (1902).—Crus-galli.—
Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Arkansas (type locality: Rome,

a.).

relicta Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Lxir. 177 (1910).—Prui-
nosae.—Pennsylvania, Ohio (type locality: Orbisonia, Pa.).

remota Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, nu. 241 (1913).—Pruinosae.—
Michigan (type locality: Grand Rapids).

repentina Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. uxi. 226 (1910).—
Rotundifoliae.—Pennsylvania, Ohio (type locality: Bedford, Pa.).

repulsans Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxn. 107 (1908).—Ano-
malae.—New York (type locality: Coopers Plains).

resecta Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xrx. 23 (1903).—Intri-

tae.—North Carolina (type locality: Marion). (?)

reses wel in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xx. 55 (1904).—Intri-
catae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Berks County).

resima Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 110 (1902).—Flavae.—
Georgia (type locality: Albany).

retrusa Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xx. 49 (1904).—Tenui-
oliae.—Michigan (type locality: Summerville).

Reverchonii Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, 1. 55 (1903).—Crus-galli.—
Texas (type locality: Dallas).

1925] PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 63

CRATAEGUS

rhodella Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xvir. 19 (1902).—
Uniflorae.—North Carolina, Tennessee (type locality: Franklin,
N. Car.).

rhombifolia Sargent in Rhodora, v. 183 (1903).—Macracanthae.—
Canada, New England, New York (type locality: Trading Cove,
Norwich, Ct.).

Ridgwayi Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. vi. 2 (1925).—Molles.—
Southern Illinois: (type locality: Olney).

rigens Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 54 (1902).—Punctatae.—
Georgia, Alabama, Tennessee (type locality: Gadsden, Ala.).

rigida Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. xrx. 99 (1908).—Pruinosae.—
Missouri (type locality: Pacific).

rimosa Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 107 (1902).—Flavae.—
Florida (type locality: Citra).

riparia Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xvi. 11 (1900).—Silvi-
colae.— North Carolina (type locality: Swain County).

rivalis Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. yvir. 580 (1905).—Crus-
galli—Pennsylvania, Ohio (type locality: Sellersville, Pa.).

rivularis Nuttall apud Torrey & Gray, Fl. N. Am. 1. 464 (1840).—
Douglasianae.—Idaho, Wyoming, Colorado, Utah, Nevada (type
locality: ““Oregon, along rivulets in the Rocky Mountains’’).

roanensis Ashe in Bull. N. Car. Exper. Sta. cLxxv. 114 (1900).—Tenui-
foliae.—Virginia, North Carolina, West Virginia, Tennessee (type
locality: Roan Mountain, N. Car.)

Robbinsiana Sargent in Rhodora, vu. 197 (1905) = C. diffusa Sarg.

Robesoniana Sargent in Rhodora, v. 110 (1903).—Molles.—Ontario,
Massachusetts, New York, Pennsylvania (type locality: Lenox,
Mass.).

Robinsonii Sargent in Rhodora, v. 184 (1903).—Macracanthae.—Nova
Scotia (type locality: Lock ee near Pictou).

robur Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 69 (1902).—Pulcherrimae.—
Florida (type locality: Tallahassee).

robusta Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxi. 28 (1908).—Crus-

ii—New York (type locality: Niagara Falls).

roribacca Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xvir. 4 (1900).—
Group?—North Carolina (type locality: “‘Oconaluftee River, in
the mountains of North Carolina’’). (?)

Rosei Eggleston in Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, xxxvi. 509 (1909).—Mexico
(type locality: Alvarez, San Luis Potosi).

rotunda Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. xrx. 59 (1908).—Crus-
galli.—Missouri (type locality: Webb City).

rotundata Sargent in Ontario Nat. Sci. Bull. rv. 61 (1908).—Rotundi-
foliae.—Ontario (type locality: London).

64 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou. v1

CRATAEGUS

rotundifolia Moench, Biume Weiss. 29 (1785).—Rotundifoliae.—Nova
Scotia and New England, west to New York, Pennsylvania, Michi-
gan and Saskatchewan (type locality not given).

rotundifolia var. aboriginum Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. m1. 196
(1922).—Quebec (type locality: Caughnawaga).

rotundifolia var. Bicknellii Eggleston in Rhodora, x. 79 (1908) = C
Bicknellii.

rotundifolia var. chrysocarpa (Ashe) Eggleston in Rhodora, x. 79 (1908) =
C. chrysocarpa

rotundifolia var. Faxoni (Sarg.) Eggleston in Rhodora, x. 79 (1908) =
C. Faxonii.

rotundifolia a. minor Dippel, Handb. Laubholzk. m1. 440 (1893). (?)

rotundifolia var. pubera Sargent in Rhodora x1, 183 (1909).—South-
eastern Canada, New England and New York, west to Wisconsin
and Minnesota (type locality not given).

rotundifolia f. rubescens Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. ur. 197 (1922).—
Quebec (type locality: St. Anne, Montreal Island).

rotundifolia b. succulenta (Schrad.) Dippel, Handb. Laubholzk. 11. 441
(1893) = C. succulenta.

rubella Beadle in Bot. Gaz. xxx. 344 (1900).—Intricatae.—Virginia,
West Virginia, North Carolina, Alabama and Tennessee (type
locality: Valleyhead, Ala.).

rubescens Ashe in Bull. N. Car. Exper. Sta. cLxxv. 111 (1900).—
Intricatae.—Alabama (type locality: Auburn). (?)

rubicunda Sargent in Proc. Rochester Acad. Sci. 1v. 121 (1903).—
Tenuifoliae.—Ontario, New York, Ohio (type locality: Rochester,
N.Y

; ee

rubicundula Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, 1. 7 (1907).—Pruinosae.—
Missouri (type locality: Carondelet).

rubrifolia Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. x1x. 66 (1908).—Crus-
galli.—Missouri, Kansas (type locality: Webb City, Mo.).

a Fa Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. xrx. 70 (1908).—Crus-
gallii—Missouri (type locality: Joplin).

rubrocarnea Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cv. Bot. rx. 55 (1906).—
Tenuifoliae.—New York (type locality: North Albany).

rubro-lutea Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxu. 88 (1908).—
Pruinosae—New York (type locality: Coopers Plains).

rudis Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. xrx. 71 (1908).—Crus-
galli.m—Missouri (type locality: Monteer).

rufipes Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xx. 51 (1904).—Tenui-
foliae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Berks County).

rufula Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. 1. 251 (1920).—Aestivales.—North
Carolina, Florida, Georgia, Alabama (type locality not given).

1925] PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 65

CRATAEGUS

rugosa Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soe. xvi. V. (1900).—Group?—
North Carolina (type locality not given). (i

rupestris Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xvi. 27 (1902) = C
densiflora Sarg.*

ae Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. x1x. 121 (1908).—Macra-

ae.—Missouri (type locality: Swan).

a Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. xi. 206 (1910).—
Silvicolae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Chadsford.

russata Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. ctxvm. 85 (1913).—Prui-
nosae.—New York (type locality: Painted Post, Steuben County).

rustica Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 122 (1902).—Pruinosae.—
North Carolina, West Virginia (type locality: Biltmore, N. Car.).

agente Sargent in Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. tvit. 591 (1905).—Prui-

sae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Durham

satis peer in Bot. Gaz. xxxv. 399 (1908),—Macracanthae.—Ohio,
Indiana, Wisconsin, Illinois (type locality: Chicago Heights, IIl.).

saeva Sargent in Ontario Nat. Sci. Bull. 1v. 94 (1908).—Macracanthae.—
Ontario (type locality: Toronto).

salicifolia Medicus, Bot. Beob. . 345 (1782) = C. crus-galli var.
pyracanthifolia Ait.?

salicifolia var. Buistii (Koch) Lange, Rev. Gen. Crat. 63 (1897), as
synonym of C. Fontanesiana a. latifolia. (?)

saligna Greene in Pittonia, 11. 99 (1896).—Brachyacanthae.—Colorado
(type locality: “‘along lower Cimarron River’’).

sanguinea Torrey & Gray, Fl. N. Am. 1. 464 (1840), not Pallas.—
Macracanthae. (?

sanguinea B. Douglasii (Lindl.) Torrey & Gray, Fl. N. Am. 1. 464 (1840) =

. Douglasii.

Saraenti Beadle in Bot. Gaz. xxvii. 407 (1899).—Intricatae.—Georgia,
Alabama, Tennessee (type locality: Valleyhead, Ala.).

sarniensis Sargent in Ontario Nat. Sci. Bull. tv. 34 (1908).—Tenui-
foliae.—Ontario (type locality: Sarnia).

saturata Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. tvir. 619 (1905).—
Tenuifoliae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Sellersville).

Saundersiana Sargent in Ontario Nat. Sci. Bull. tv. 66 (1908).—
Anomalae.—Ontario, New York, Ohio (type locality: London,
Ont.).

sauratonae Ashe in Bot. Gaz. xxvur. 270 (1899).—Punctatae.—North

Carolina (type locality: ‘“‘along streams in the Sauraton Moun-
tains”). ?

me was proposed by Mr. Ashe to replace Crataegus densiflora he sp for 7
reason, as he states, that the latter had been p reviously used in the genus (D x K. Koc
Dendr. I. 186, as a synonym). owever, eee aines does not appear to ee aie ne ‘
combination, the error apparently having been made by och in transcribing from Spach
(Hist. Vég. 11. 88). Sine ce the name Crataegus densiflora Desf. is thus not a valid name and
i + as aq

*

66 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou. v1

CRATAEGUS

saxatilis Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. tym. 640 (1905).—
Intricatae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Newtown).

scabera Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, 1. 245 (1913).—Macracanthae.—
Missouri (type locality: Pleasant Grove).

scabra Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. uxm. 242 (1910).—
Intricatae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Orbisonia).

scabrida Sargent in Rhodora, 11. 29 (1901).—Anomalae.—Southeastern
Canada, New England, New York, Pennsylvania (type locality:
Middlebury, Vt.).

scabriuscula Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. tvir. 605 (1905).—
Pruinosae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Durham

schizophylla Eggleston in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, xxxvu. 243 (1911).—
Crus-galli.—Massachusetts (type locality: Martha’s Vineyard).

Schneckii Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xvu. 8 (1900).—
Virides.—Illinois (type locality: Lawrenceville). (?)

Schuettei Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xvii. pt. 2, 7 (1901).—
Tenuifoliae.—Wisconsin (type locality: Green Bay).

Schweinitziana Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. nvr. 652 (1905).—
Intricatae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Sellersville).

scitula Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cuxvir. 84 (1913).—Prui-
nosae.—New York (type locality: Chapinville).

scopulorum Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. ux1. 227 (1910).—
Rotundifoliae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Campbell’s Ledge,
Luzerne County).

Searsii Sargent in Rhodora, vir. 183 (1905).—Macracanthae.—Massa-
chusetts (type locality: Southboro).

seclusa Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, 1. 239 (1913).—Pruinosae.—
Missouri, Arkansas (type locality: Pleasant Grove).

seclusa Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cuxvir. 89 (1913) = C. iterata
Sarg.

secta Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. xrx. 83 (1908).—Puncta-
tae.— Missouri, Kansas, Arkansas (type locality: Carthage, Mo.).

sectilis Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xrx. 23 (1903).—Silvi-
colae.—North Carolina (type locality: Marion). (?)

seducta Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. xxu. 79 (1912).—Prui-
nosae.— Missouri, Arkansas (type locality: Noel, Mo.).

Seelyana Sargent in Rhodora, vu. 209 (1905).—Anomalae.—Vermont
(type locality: Middlebury).

segnis Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 32 (1901).—Flavae.—Ala-
bama (type locality: Greenville).

sejuncta Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cv. Bot. rx. 62 (1906).—
Coccineae.—Ontario, New England and New York, west to Ohio
and Indiana (type locality: Albany, N. Y.).

1925] PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 67

CRATAEGUS

senta Beadle in Bot. Gaz. xxx. 341 (1900).—Flavae.—North Carolina
(type locality: Biltmore).

sequax Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xx. 50 (1904).—Tenui-
foliae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Berks County).

sera Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxx. 115 (1902)—Molles.— Ontario,
Michigan, Wisconsin, Illinois (type locality: Joilet, Il.).

serena Sargent in Rhodora, vu. 201 (1905).—Tenuifoliae.—Massachu-
setts (type locality: Lenox).

sertata Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxxv. 381 (1903).—Coccineae.—Wisconsin,
Indiana, Illinois (type locality: “‘northern Illinois’’).

setosa Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. xrx. 72 (1908).—Crus-
galli.—Missouri (type locality: Grandin).

severa Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, 1. 59 (1908).—Crus-galli.— Missouri
(type locality: Grandin).

sextilis Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxxv. 390(1903).—Tenuifoliae.—Illinois
(type locality: Thatcher’s Park, Cook County).

Shaferi Ashe in Ann. Carnegie Mus. 1. 397 (1902).—Pruinosae.—
Pennsylvania (type locality: Carnot).

Shallotte Ashe in Bull. N. Car. Exper. Sta. cLxxv. 113 (1900).—Macra-
canthae.—North Carolina (type locality: Scranton).

sheridana Nelson in Bot. Gaz. xxxiv. 370 (1902).—Macracanthae.—
Wyoming (type locality: Sheridan). (?)

shirleyensis Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, 1m. 244 (1913).—Anomalae.—
Massachusetts (type locality: Shirley).

sicca Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. xrx. 101 (1908).—Prui-
nosae.—Missouri (type locality: Pacific).

siderea Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. uxu. 212 (1910).—
Tenuifoliae—Pennsylvania (type locality: Schenley Park, Pitts-
burgh).

signata Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 42 (1901).—Crus-galli.—
Alabama, Mississippi (type locality: Mobile, Ala.).

silvestris Sargent in Ontario Nat. Sci. Bull. rv. 15 (1908).—Punctatae.—
Ontario (type locality: London).

silvicola Beadle in Bot. Gaz. xxvii. 414 (1899) = C. drymophila Sarg.

silvicola var. Beckwithae (Sarg.) Eggleston in Rhodora, x. 81 (1908) =
C. Beckwithae Sarg.

simulans Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxu. 125 (1908).—Ano-~-
malae.—New York (type locality: Hemlock Lake, Livingston
County).

simulata Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. xxir. 82 (1912).—Macra-
canthae.—Missouri (type locality: Joplin).

singularis Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxu. 106 (1908) = C
asperifolia Sarg.

68 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou. v1

CRATAEGUS

sinistra Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 44 (1901).—Crus-galli.—
Tennessee (type locality: West Nashville).

sitiens Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xx. 54 (1904).—Prui-
nosae—Michigan, Ohio (type locality: St. Clair County, Mich.).

Slavini Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxm. 57 (1908).—Tenui-
foliae.—New York (type locality: Buffalo).

Smithii Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, 1. 67 (1903).—Uniflorae.—Pennsy]-
vania (type locality: Lowne’s Run, Springfield).

sodalis Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 80 (1902).—Flavae.—Alabama
(type locality: Girard).

sonnenbergensis Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. ctxvu. 120 (1922).—
Macracanthae.—New York (type locality: ‘‘Sonnenberg,’’ Canan-
daigua, Ontario County).

sordida Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxx. 114 (1902).—Punctatae.— Missouri
(type locality: Pleasant Grove

sordida var. villosa Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. v1. 2 (1925).—Missouri,
Arkansas (type locality: Fulton, Ark.).

sororia Beadle in Bot. Gaz. xxx. 336 (1900).—Flavae.—Florida, Georgia
Alabama (type locality: Rome, Ga.).

spathulata Michaux, FI. Bor. Am. 1. 288 (1803).—Microcarpae.— North
Carolina to Florida, west to eastern Texas, Arkansas, Oklahoma
and southwestern Missouri (type locality not given).

spathulata var. ite Sargent apud Palmer in Ann. Missouri Bot.
Gard. m1. 380 (1916), as “flavantha’” = C. spathulata Michx.

spatifolia ees in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxir. 98 (1908).—Tenui-
foliae.—New York (type locality: peels Plains).

spatiosa Sargent in Rhodora, vu. (1905).—Macracanthae.—
Connecticut (type locality: hoon s Point, Groton).

speciosa Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, 1. 65 (1903) = C. coccinoides Ashe.

spinea Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cuxvi. 122 (1913).—Macra-
canthae.—New York (type locality: Coopers Plains).

spinifera Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxi. 111 (1908).—Macra-
canthae.—New York (type locality: Coopers Plains).

spinosissima Loddiges, Cat. 40 (1826), nomen nudum.—Loudon, Arb.
Brit. 11. 849 (1838). As synonym of C. flava lobata Lindl.

spinulosa Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. xrx. 120 (1908).—
Macracanthae.—Missouri (type locality: Webb City).

spissa chan in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxi. 122 (1908).—Rotundi-

ae.—-New York (type locality: North Elba).

ee ve Sargent in Proc. Rochester Acad. Sci. 1v. 112 (1903) = C
Robesoniana Sarg.

splendens Loddiges, Cat. 40 (1826), nomen nudum.—Loudon, Arb. Brit.
1. 820 (1838), as synonym of C. crus-galli var. splendens Ait.

1925] PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 69

CRATAEGUS

splendida Sargent in Ontario Nat. Sci. Bull. rv. 45 (1908).—Coccineae.—
Ontario (type locality: Sarnia).

stellata Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, vu. 244 (1913).—Intricatae.—
Connecticut (type locality: East Lyme).

stenophylla Sargent in Ontario Nat. Sci. Bull. rv. 76 (1908).—Macra-
canthae.—Ontario (type locality: Toronto).

stenosepala Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. m1. 186 (1922).—Virides.—
Texas (type locality: Duke, Ft. Bend County).

steubenensis Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxm. 103 (1908).—
Coccineae.—New York (type locality: Coopers Plains).

Stevensiana Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. tv. 99 (1923).—Crus-galli.—
Kansas, Oklahoma (type locality: Neodesha, Kas.).

stipulacea Loddiges, Cat. 40 (1826), nomen nudum.—Loudon, Arb.
Brit. 11. 843 (1838), as a synonym of C. mexicana Mog. & Sessé.

stipulacea var. microphylla Hort. ex Nicholson in Hand-list Arb. Kew,
pt. 1, 197 (1894) as synonym of C. crus-galli var. linearis DC.

stolonifera Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxxv. 109 (1903).—Silvicolae.—
New York, Pennsylvania, Delaware (type locality: Wilmington,
Del.).

Stonei Sargent in Rhodora, v. 62 (1903).—Intricatae.— Massachusetts
(type locality: Pelham).

straminea Beadle in Bot. Gaz. xxx. 345 (1900).—Intricatae.—Alabama,
Tennessee, Oklahoma (type locality: Valleyhead, Ala.).

straminea var. Bissellii (Sarg.) Eggleston in N. Y. State Mus. Bull.
CCXLIUI-Iv. 63 (1923) = C. Bissellii.

stratfordensis Sargent in Rhodora, vu. 178 (1905).—Macracanthae.—
Connecticut (type locality: Stratford).

Streeterae Sargent in Proc. Rochester Acad. Sci. tv. 119 (1903).—
Tenuifoliae.—Southeastern Canada, New York, Michigan (type
locality: Rochester, N. Y.

strigosa Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxir. 51 (1908).—Silvicolae.—
New York: (type locality: Buffalo).

strongylophylla Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. xix. 44 (1908) =

crus-galli L

tae Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xrx. 12 (1903).—
Macracanthae.—Ontario, New York and Pennsylvania, west to
Michigan, Illinois and Missouri (type locality: Berks County, Pa.).

suavis Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxu. 59 (1908).—Tenui-
foliae.—Ontario, New York, Michigan, Ohio (type locality: Buffalo,
N. Y

sublobulata Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. m1. 4 (1922).—Crus-galli.—
Texas (type locality: San Augustine).

submollis Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxx1. 7 (1901).—Molles.—Southeastern
Canada, New England (type locality: Jamaica Plain, Mass.).

70 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. VI

CRATAEGUS

suborbiculata Sargent in Rhodora, 111. 72 (1901).—Punctatae.—Quebec
(type locality: Caughnawaga).

subpilosa Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. m1. 6 (1922).—Crus-galli.—
Arkansas (type locality: Eureka Springs).

subrotundifolia Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxxv. 394 (1903).—Rotundi-
foliae.— Wisconsin, Illinois (type locality: Lake Zurich, IIl.).

subserrata Bentham, Pl. Hartweg. 10 (1839) = C. mexicana Mog. &
Sessé.

subvillosa Schrader ex Torrey & Gray, Fl. N. Am. 1. 465 (1840), as a
synonym of C. coccinea var. mollis.

subviridis Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 51 (1902).—Virides.—
Florida (type locality: Chattahoochee).

succincta Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. xrx. 78 (1908).—Puncta-
tae.—Missouri (type locality: Pacific).

succulenta Schrader, Ind. Sem. Gétting. (1823), ex Lange, Rev. Gen.
Crat. 82 (1897).—Macracanthae.—Southeastern Canada, New
England, New York, Pennsylvania.

succulenta var. macracantha (Lodd.) Eggleston in N. Y. State Mus. Bull.
CCXLIII-Iv. 65 (1923), as “‘macrantha,’? = C. macracantha.

succulenta var. rhombifolia (Sarg.) Eggleston in N. Y. State Mus. Bull.
CCXLIII-Iv. 65 (1923) = C. rhombifolia.

sucida Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. xrx. 80 (1908).—Puncta-

e.—Illinois, Missouri, Arkansas (type locality: Monteer, Mo.).

superata Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, m1. 241 (1922).—Pruinosae.—
Michigan (type locality: Grand Rapids).

sutherlandensis Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. m1. 192 (1922).—Virides.—
Texas (type locality: Sutherland Springs).

sutherlandensis var. spinescens Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. m1. 193
(1922).—Texas (type locality: Sutherland Springs).

swanensis Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. 111. 182 (1922).—Punctatae.—
Missouri (type locality: Arnold Arboretum, cultivated from seed
collected at Swan, Mo.).

taetrica Sargent in Rep. Geol. Surv. Mich. 1906, 541 (1907).—Tenui-
oliae.—Michigan, Illinois (type locality: Port Huron, Mich.).

ae Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. x1x. 49 (1908).—Crus-

alli.—Missouri (type locality: Webb City).

tanupby Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. txm. 247 (1910).—
Macracanthae.— Pennsylvania, Ohio (type locality: Pittsburgh, Pa.).

tarda Sank in Bot. Gaz. xxxv. 392 (1903).—Tenuifoliae.— Wisconsin,
Illinois (type locality: Barrington, IIl.).

tardiflora Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. xrx. 47 (1908).—Crus-
galli.—Missouri, Arkansas (type locality: Christian County, Mo.).

tardifolia Ashe in Bull. Charleston Mus. x1. 41 (1916).—Intricatae.—
South Carolina (type locality not given). (?)

1925] PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 71

CRATANGUS

tardipes Sargent in Ontario Nat. Sci. Bull. rv. 51 (1908) = C. Holmesiana
var. tardipes Sarg.

Tatnalliana Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxxv. 106(1903).—Molles.—Pennsy]-
vania, Delaware (type locality: Wilmington, Del.).

tecta Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 26 (1901).—Intricatae.—Ala-
bama (type locality: Marshall County).

tenax Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xvi. 21 (1902).—Puncta-
tae.—Ontario, Michigan (type locality: Port Huron, Mich.).

tenella Ashe in Ann. Carnegie Mus. 1. 388 (1902).—Tenuifoliae.—
Connecticut, New York, Pennsylvania, Delaware (type locality:
Delaware County, Pa.).

tenera Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xx. 52 (1904).—Tenui-
foliae.—Ohio (type locality: Sandusky).

tennowana Nelson in Bot. Gaz. Liv. 408 (1912).—Douglasianae.—
Idaho (type locality: Falk’s Store, Canyon County). (?)

tenuifolia Britton in Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 1. 448 (1900).—Tenui-
foliae.—Virginia (type locality: ‘“‘south fork of Holston River’’).

tenuiloba Sargent in Proc. Rochester Acad. Sci. tv. 122 (1903).—
Tenuifoliae.—New York (type locality: Rochester).

tenuirama Ashe in Bull. Charleston Mus. xu. 41 (1916).—Group?—
South Carolina (type locality: “piedmont of South Carolina’’).
p

tenuis Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. xix. 48 (1908).—Crus-

.—Missouri (type locality: Pacific).

tenuisepala Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. xrx. 68 (1908).—
Crus-galli.— Missouri, Arkansas (type locality: Moark, Ark.).

tenuispina Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. x1x. 58 (1908).—
Crus-galli.—Missouri (type locality: Grandin).

tenuissima Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, mu. 243 (1913).—Intricatae.—
Pennsylvania (type locality: Scranton).

teres Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 43 (1901).—Flavae.—Alabama
(type locality: Montgomery).

tersa Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 129 (1902).—Crus-galli.—
Louisiana (type locality: Opelousas).

tetrica Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 46 (1901).—Crus-galli.—
Tennessee (type locality: Nashville).

texana Buckley in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1861, 454 (1861).—
Molles.—Texas (type region: ‘“‘along Brazos and Colorado Rivers’’).

Thayeri Sargent in Rhodora, v. 113 (1903).—Coccineae.—Massachusetts
(type locality: West Boylston).

tiliaefolia K. Koch in Verh. Ver. Beférd. Gartenb. Preuss. n. ser. 1. 247
(Weissd. 27) (1853) = C. mollis Scheele.

tinctoria Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xvim. 27 (1902).—
Group?—North Carolina, Tennessee (type locality not given). (?)

E

72 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou. v1

CRATAEGUS

tomentosa Linnaeus, Spec. 1. 476 (1753).—Macracanthae.—Ontario
and New York, south to North Carolina and Georgia, west to
Wisconsin, Iowa, Missouri, Arkansas and eastern Kansas (type
region: “‘ Virginia’’).

tomentosa var. Chapmani Beadle in Bot. Gaz. xxv. 360 (1898) = C.
Chapmanii Ashe.

tomentosa 8. flabellata (Bosc) Wood, Cl. Book, 330 (1861) = C. flabellata.

tomentosa var. microcarpa Chapman, FI. ed. 3, 139 (1897). (Type
locality: Rome, Georgia.) (?)

tomentosa var. mollis (Torr. & Gray) Gray, Man. ed. 5, 160 (1867) = C
mollis.

tomentosa 8. plicata Wood, Cl. Book, 330 (1861) = C. punctata Jacq.?

tomentosa var. punctata (Jacq.) Gray, Man. ed. 2, 124 (1856) = C
punctata.

tomentosa var. pyrifolia (Ait.) Gray, Man. ed. 5, 150 (1867). (?)

tomentosa var. Smithii (Sarg.) Eggleston in Rhodora, x. 79 (1908) = C
Smithii.

torta Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. pxut. 176 (1910).—Prui-
nosae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Nine Mile Run, near Pitts-
burgh).

tortilis Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sei. Soc. xvi. 19 (1902).—
Group?—Wisconsin (type locality: Milwaukee). (?)

tortuosa Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxur. 47 (1908).-—Silvi-
colae.—New York (type locality: Buffalo).

torva Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 130 (1902).—Crus-galli.—
Georgia, Alabama, Louisiana (type locality: Birmingham, Aia.).

trachyphylla Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxxv. 388 (1903).—Tenuifoliae.—
Illinois (type locality: Mokena).

Tracyi Ashe apud Eggleston in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, xxxvi. 639
(1909).—Molles.— Texas (type locality: “foothills of Davis Moun-
tains’’).

trahax Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xrx. 27 (1903).—-Crus-
galliiPennsylvania, Indiana (type locality: Berks County, Pa.).

transmississippiensis Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. ur. 7 (1922).—
Molles.—Missouri, Arkansas (type locality: Marion County, Ark.,
near Cotter).

Treleasei Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, 1. 63 (1903).—Molles.—Missouri
(type locality: St. Francois County).

trianthophora Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, mu. 11 (1907).—Uniflorae.—
Missouri, Arkansas, Texas (type locality: Grandin, Mo.

tribulosa Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sei. Phila. Lxir. 182 (1910).—
Pruinosae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Bedford).

triflora Chapman, FI. ed. 2, Suppl. 2, 684 (1892).—Triflorae.—Georgia,
Alabama, Mississippi (type locality: cliffs of the Coos River, Ga.).

1925] PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 73

CRATAEGUS

trifoliata Bosc ex DeCandolle, Prodr. 1. 630 (1825), nomen nudum.

trilobata Loddiges, Cat. 46 (1836), nomen nudum.—Loudon, Arb. Brit.
11. 824 (1838), “A hybrid raised from seed in the Hammersmith
Nursery about 1820.” (?)

Triosteum Gruber in Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, xxx1r. 392 (1905).—Puncta-
tae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Moselem). (?)

tripartita Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. mr. 188 (1922).—Virides.—
Texas (type locality: Columbia).

trisperma Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xv. pt. 2, 17 (1901).—
Group?—North Carolina (type locality: between north and south
forks of Toe River, Yancey County). (?)

tristis Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 84 (1902).—Flavae.—Georgia
(type locality: Rome).

triumphalis Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, m. 236 (1913).—Crus-galli.—
Arkansas (type locality: Fulton).

truculenta Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cixvu. 118 (1913).—
Macracanthae.—New York (type locality: Belfast).

truncata Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. x1x. 57 (1908).—Crus-
gallii—Missouri (type locality: Swan).

tumida Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, u. 240 (1913).—Pruinosae.—
Missouri (type locality: Dexter).

turbinata Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. 1m. 735 (1814) = C. spathulata Michx.

Twiningii Sargent in Bena. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. ux1r. 230 (1910).—
Intricatae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Scranton).

uber Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xx. 47 (1904).—Tenui-
foliae.— Michigan (type locality: Summerville).

umbratilis Sargent in Rhodora, vu. 192 (1905).—Punctatae.—Connecti-
cut (type locality: Litchfield).

umbrosa Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. xrx. 106 (1908).—Molles.—
Illinois, Missouri (type locality: Carondelet, Mo.).

uncta Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxn. 91 (1908).—Pruinosae.—
New York (type locality: Coopers Plains).

uniflora Muenchhausen, Hausv. v. 147 (1770).—Uniflorae.—New York
to Florida, west to Kentucky and Mississippi (type locality not

given).

ae var. florida (Lodd.) Zabel in Beissner, Schelle & Zabel, Handb.
Laubholz-Ben. 170 (1903), nomen nudum. (?

uniflora var. grossulariifolia (Lodd.) Zabel in Beissner, Schelle & Zabel,
Handb. Laubholz-Ben. 170 (1903), nomen nudum. (?)

unilateralis Persoon, Syn. u. 37 (1807).—Uniflorae.—(?)

uniqua Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, 11. 237 (1913).—Crus-galli.—Louisi-
ana, Texas (type locality: Marshall, Tex.).

uplandia Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. tvi. 594 (1905).—
Pruinosae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Upper Darby).

74 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou. v1

CRATAEGUS

urasina Hort. ex Nicholson in Hand-list Arb. Kew, pt. 1, 203 (1894),
as a synonym of C. mollis Scheele.

une Sargent in Rep. Geol. Surv. Mich. 1906, 556 (1907).—Ano-

alae.—Michigan (type locality: Grand Rapids).

urbiea Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. ctxvir. 105 (1913).—Molles.—
New York (type locality of C. oblongifolia Sarg., which this name
replaces: Menands).

_— Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cixvur. 99 (1913).—Coc-

e.—New York (type locality: Utica).

uvaldensis Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. ur. 195 (1922).—Virides.—
Texas (type locality: Uvalde).

vaga Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. yx11. 249 (1910).—Macra-
canthae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Bedford Springs).
Vailiae Britton in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, xxrv. 53 (1897).—Macracan-
thae.—Virginia, North Carolina (type locality: Roanoke, Va.).
valens Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. x1x. 15 (1903).—Molles.—
Illinois (type locality: “‘southern Illinois”). (?)

valida Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 77 (1902).—Flavae.— Georgia
(type locality: Rockmart).

vallicola Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. x1x. 74 (1908).—Crus-
galli.—Ohio, Missouri (type locality: Barretts Station, St. Louis
County, Mo.).

varians Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. tx1. 225 (1910).—
Rotundifoliae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Bedford Springs).

vegeta Sargent in Bot. Gaz. xxxv. 396 (1903).—Macracanthae.—
Illinois (type locality: Calumet).

vegrandis Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. txir. 202 (1910).—
Silvicolae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Scranton).

velata Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xvim1. 26 (1902).—-Tenui-
foliae.—North Carolina (type locality of C. atropurpurea Ashe,
which this name replaces: Yancey County). (?)

velutina Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, 11. 238 (1913).—Virides.—Louisiana,
Arkansas, Texas (type locality: Fulton, Ark.).

venosa Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xrx. 16 (1903).—Molles.—
Illinois (type locality: ‘‘southern Illinois’). (?)

_— Sargent in Ontario Nat. Sci. Bull. rv. 96 (1908).—Macra-

anthae.—Ontario (type locality: London).

eee Beadle in Bot. Gaz. xxx. 338 (1900).—Intricatae.—Alabama
(type locality: Birmingham).

venustula Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxm. 79 (1908).—Macra-
canthae.—Ontario, New York (type locality: Niagara Falls, N. Y.).

verecunda Sargent in Proc. Rochester Acad. Sci. 1v. 109 (1903).—
Intricatae.—Massachusetts, New York (type locality: Rochester,

3:

1925] PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 75

CRATAEGUS

verecunda var. gonocarpa Peck in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxxrx. 33
1910) = C. Dodgei Ashe.

verna Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xrx. 16 (1903).— Molles.—
Illinois, Missouri (type locality not given).

vernans Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xrx. 10 (1903).—Macra-
canthae.—Virginia, West Virginia (type locality not given). (?)

verrucalis Peck in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxm. 123, 158 (1908).—
Rotundifoliae-——New York (type locality: Herkimer County).

verruculosa Sargent, Man. Trees N. Am. 394 (1905).—Punctatae.—-
Missouri, Arkansas (type locality: Springfield, Mo.).

versuta Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 112 (1902).—Flavae.—
Georgia (type locality: Albany).

vesca Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xrx. 13 (1903).—Molles.—
Iowa (type locality: Keokuk). (?

viaria Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 101 (1902).—Flavae.—Florida
(type locality: Jacksonville).

viatica Ashe in Ann. Carnegie Mus. 1. 398 (1902).—Pruinosae.—
Pennsylvania (type locality: Pittsburgh).

viburnifolia Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, um. 145 (1911).—Molles.—
Texas (type locality: Columbia).

vicana Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 104 (1902).—Flavae.—
Florida (type locality: Tavares).

vicina Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. x1x. 77 (1908).—Punctatae.—
Missouri, Kansas (type locality: Webb City, Mo.).

vicinalis Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 124 (1902).—Pruinosae.—
Georgia, Tennessee (type locality: Chattanooga, Tenn.).

Victorinii Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. m1. 203 (1922).—Macracanthae.—
Quebec (type locality: grounds of College Longueuil, opposite
Montreal).

villaris Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 108 (1902).—Flavae.—
Florida (type locality: Citra).

villicarpa Sargent in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. xrx. 112 (1908).—
ntricatae.— Missouri, Arkansas (type locality: Swan, Mo.).

villiflora Sargent, Trees, and Shrubs, mu. 61 (1908).—Crus-galli.—
Missouri, Arkansas, Mississippi (type locality: Grandin, Mo.).

viminea Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xv. 23 (1902).—
Group?—North Carolina (type locality: on Buffalo Creek, Ashe
County). (?)

virella Ashe in Ann. Carnegie Mus. 1. 396 (1923).—Pruinosae.—Pennsy]-
vania (type locality: Berks County).

virgata Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xrx. 24 (1903).—Intri-
catae.—North Carolina (type locality: Elk Cross Roads). (?)

virginiana Hort. ex Loudon, Arb. Brit. 11. 842 (1838) as synonym of C.
virginica Lodd.

76 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v1

CRATAEGUS

virginica Loddiges, Cat. 40 (1826), nomen nudum.—Loudon, Arb. Brit.
11. 842 (1838).—Flavae.—‘“‘A native of Virginia.”’ (?)

viridimontana Sargent in Rhodora, vu. 204 (1905).—Tenuifoliae.—
Vermont (type locality: East Middlebury).

viridis Linnaeus, Spec. 1. 476 (1753).—Virides.—Virginia to Florida,
west to Illinois, Missouri and eastern Kansas, Oklahoma and
Texas (type region: “‘ Virginia’’).

viridis var. nitida Engelmann in Britton & Brown, IIl. FI. 11. 242 (1897) =
C. nitida.

virilis Sargent in Ontario Nat. Sci. Bull. tv. 68 (1908).—Anomalae.—
Ontario (type locality: Toronto).

visenda Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 79 (1902).—Flavae.—
Florida (type locality: Bristol).

vitellina Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soe. xvni. 27 (1902).—
Group?—North Carolina (type locality: Madison County). (?)

vittata Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xx. 50 (1904).—-Tenui-
foliae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: Berks County). (?)

vivida Sargent in Ontario Nat. Sci. Bull. 1v. 47 (1908).—Coccineae.—
Ontario, New York (type locality: Toronto, Ont.).

vulsa Beadle in Biltmore Bot. Studies, 1. 39 (1901).—Virides.—Georgia,
Alabama (type locality: Gadsden, Ala.).

Warneri Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. 1m. 184 (1922).—Crus-galli?—
Texas (type locality: Palestine).

Watsoniana (Spach) Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. ur. 117 (1847).)—Crus-
alli.—(?

Websteri Sargent in Rhodora, vu. 215 (1905).—Rotundifoliae.—New
Hampshire (type locality: Holderness).

Wheeleri Nelson in Bot. Gaz. xxxiv. 369 (1902).—Douglasianae.—
Colorado (type locality: Sapinero). (?)

Wheelerit Sargent in Rep. Geol. Surv. Mich. 1906, 552 (1907) = C.
diversifolia Sarg.

Wilkinsoni Ashe in Bot. Gaz. xxxv. 435 (1903).—Crus-galli.—Ohio,
Kentucky (type locality: Mansfield, O.).

Williamsii Eggleston in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, xxxvi. 641 (1909).—
Rotundifoliae.—Montana (type locality: Columbia Falls).

wilmorensis Sargent in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. uxm. 168 (1910).—
Pruinosae.—Pennsylvania (type locality: between Portage and
Wilmore, Cambria County

Wootoniana Eggleston in Torreya, vir. 236 (1908).—Tenuifoliae.—New
Mexico (type localities: Socorro and Lincoln Counties). (?)

xanthocarpos Medicus, Gesch. Bot. 85 (1793) = C. punctata var. aurea
Ai

i.
xanthophylla Sargent in N. Y. State Mus. Bull. cxxir. 48 (1908).—
Silvicolae.—New York (type locality: Buffalo).

1925] PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 77

CRATAEGUS
yadkinensis Ashe in Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. xvi. 17 (1900).—
Flavae.—North Carolina (type locality: along Yadkin River, Roan
County). (?
Youngii Sargent in Jour. Arnold Arb. tv. 105 (1923).—Microcarpae.—
North Carolina, South Carolina (type locality: Greensboro, N. Car.).

NAMES EXCLUDED FROM THE GENUS
CRATAEGUS
Amelanchier Desfontaines, Hist. Arb. 1. 149 (1809) = Amelanchier
canadensis Medic.
amoena Salisbury, Prodr. 357 (1796) = Amelanchier canadensis Medic.
arbutifolia Aiton, Hort. Kew. ed. 2, ur. 202 (1811) = Heteromeles
arbutifolia Roem.
coronaria (L.) Salisbury, Prodr. 357 (1796) = Malus coronaria Mill.
densiflora Desfontaines apud K. Koch, Dendr. 1. 186 (1869), as a syn-
onym = Heteromeles arbutifolia Roem.
racemosa Lamarck, Encycl. 1. 84 (1783) = Amelanchier canadensis
Medic.
spicata Lamarck, Encyl. 1. 84 (1873) = Amelanchier spicata K. Koch
(in part
SYNOPSIS OF THE GROUPS
Nutlets not pitted or deeply concave on ventral surface
Leaves merely serrate or dentate or rarely slightly jobed on shoot
eins of leaves not deeply impressed; fruit hard and inedible, “dotted or
blotched but rarely pete. Sit 4 Gata ee x ae I. Crus-galli.
Veins of leaves deeply impressed; fruit becoming soft and edible.
I. Punctatae.
Leaves at flowering Bes or some of bine variously lobed or divided.
Fruit usually more n 10 mm. diameter (8-20 or rarely more or less);
mute Paul ned or rounde ck.
Leaves of flowering branches peo ee narrowed at base or
pl into let petio

mbs few-flower 1-5 ae or rarely a few more).
Cale lobes at not conspicuously oe fruit ‘usualy becoming
BOM CAN OOO 6 oie hind K6A Ae EER EMER ESS EOE XVIII. Aestivales.

Calyx lobes large and foliaceous, ee eure pcr ‘fruit usually
hard and inedible (except in C. na).
ga Eta 1-3-flowered; leaves ph een mostly spatulate or
a oa Sing oo ow bx 844 54 054.400 e eae niflorae
Coon 3-5-flowered (or rarely a few more); leaves larger; corymbs
villous or glandular but not conspicuously bracte

Triflorae.
Corymbs 5-10-flowered (or rarely a few more); eames. con-
a ered glandular and bracteate............. XV. Bracteatae.

Corymbs many-flowered (5-20 flowers or more).
Inflorescence and petioles generally bees glandular; leaves

ori
ae relatively large, usually of ovate or oval type; branchlets

OUSIY ZIP-ZAZ... 2... eee ete eee ntricatae.
Leaves oo ra small, usually of obovate or elliptic type; branch-
lets often conspicuously C1) Sh ee ee ea XIV. Flavae.

78 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou. v1
Inflorescence and petioles generally not conspicuously glandular;

leaves thi
Fruit blue or black (stramineous in var. of C, pega ional:

leaves relatively small, thick and glossy above, those of flowe
branches crenate or finely serrate, variously cut or ~ on ae

acant
Fruit yellow, Mery or red; leaves not as above
Fruit usually 10-16 m m. dia meter; leaves firm or subcoriaceous,
mainly of ovoid or elliptic type........ XII. Rotundifoli

Fruit ae 4-10 mm. diameter; leaves thin, mostly of oblong

Leaves very ‘variable, irregularly lobed or merely serrate;
= many (10-20)-flowered; fruit usually 5-10 mm.
IE a 5556 oo a hao Seen ee eae wnt Virides.
Leav sie ae variable, with shallow rounded lobes; corymbs
4-10-flowered; fruit usually 8-15 mm. diameter.
he —
Leaves of flowering branches usually not conspicuously narrowed,
_ - attenuate at base, mostly of broadly ovate type, aig

Fruit caine soft and succulent, bright red or scarlet, usually less than
diameter. Corymbs usually glabrous; leaves in, —
neath, often finely gchar Api ae above......... ae Tenuifoliae

20 dia
ruiting calyx ub ious rigid Set leaves et lee above;
fru it ofte 08

ype.
ure —— usually tae fruit usually oblong or obovoid;
fruiting CAINE GIB os oes cagaWis 20d6ekad teens IX. Coccineae.
hh ree icalle pubescent, firm, with thick petioles and veins;
stamens 10-20; nutlets 3-5................00..000 000. Molles.
Mature hers ‘usually glabrous; fruit subglobose, calyx much en-
re ged; stamens 20; nutlets 5.................00.00. XI. Dilatatae.
Fruit 4-6 mm. diameter, bright pe becoming soft and succulent; flowers
small, Sifaces in a corymb; nutlets very small, not rounded or ridged on back.
XIII. Microcarpae.

Nutlets pitted or deeply concave on ventral surfac

Fruit dark crimson or chestnut, becoming black ere — ripe; nutlets 5.

asianae.

Fruit ea As scarlet.
Nutlets 2-3, deeply pitted or concave; flowers in usually many-flowered
clusters at ends of tbaey branchlets; fruit usually less than 10 mm. diameter.
acracanthae.

Nutlets 3-5, with shallow pits; flower usually fewer in cluster, ‘sate aol termi-
nal or lateral branchlets; fruit usually more than 10 mm
te

SYNOPTICAL TABLES OF SPECIES ARRANGED BY GROUPS AND

FLORAL AND FOLIAGE CHARACTERS

I. Crus-galli
A. Anthers red, rose, pink or purple (AA and AAA see p. 82)
B. Stamens about, 10 (5-15) ane see p. 81)
C. Corymbs glabrous (CC see p. 80
Leaves mostly aot id obovate or lance-elliptic (on vigorous shoots
broader but distinctly longer than broad)

1925] PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 79

accincta Sarg. Fruit narrow-oval, scarlet, 7-8 mm. diameter.

armata Beadle (?) Fruit globose, dull red, 5-8 mm. diameter. Color of
anthers unknown.

attenuata Ashe. Fruit oblong, dull red or green mottled, 8-12 mm.
diameter. Stamens sometimes 15 or more.

bellica Sarg. Fruit short-oblong or subglobose, dull dark red, 8-10 mm.
diameter. Corymbs sometimes slightly villous

calophylla Sarg. Fruit short-oblong or slightly oval orange-red, dark
dotted, 8-9 mm. diameter.

crus-galli L. Fruit short-oblong or subglobose, dull red, 8-12 mm. diam-
eter.

Farwellii Sarg. Fruit oval or obovoid, crimson, 9-10 mm. diameter.
Corymbs often villous.

geneseensis Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, scarlet, dark dotted, 10-12 mm.
diameter.

hamata Sarg. Fruit short-oblong or ovoid, light orange-red or green,
dark dotted, 11-12 mm. diameter.

helvina Ashe. (?) Fruit obovoid or subglobose, light red, 10-14 mm.
diameter. Color of anthers not given.

immitis Ashe. (?) Fruit globose, dark red, green mottled, 9-12 mm.
diameter. Color of anthers not given.

infesta Sarg. Fruit oblong or oval, dull yellow or tinged with orange,
9-10 mm. diameter.

macra Beadle. Fruit subglobose or oval, red, 5-8 mm. diameter.

multispina Ashe. (?) Fruit ia dull red-brown, 7-9 mm. diameter.
Color of anthers not give

operta Ashe. Fruit oblong, men red, 10-12 mm. diameter. Corymbs
sometimes slightly villous.

permera Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, green, red tinged, dotted, 8-9 mm.

iameter.
pyracanthoides Beadle. Fruit globose, bright red, 5-8 mm. diameter.
ae oon Egglest. Fruit pyriform-ellipsoid, dark red, 7-8 mm. diam-

abe eee. Fruit subglobose or depressed-globose, crimson, dotted,
9-11 mm. diameter. Corymbs sometimes slightly villo
aa is Fruit oval to ovoid, dull green or red tinged, male dotted,
6-7 mm. diameter.
trahax Ashe. Fruit globose or oblong, crimson, dark dotied or mottled,
8-10 mm. diameter.
Wilkinsonii Ashe. Fruit oblong, dark red, 10-14 mm. diameter.
DD. Leaves broader, obovate, oval or oblong (on vigorous shoots broadly
oval to suborbicular
Canbyi Sarg. Fruit oblong to obovoid, dark crimson, punctate, 8-10 mm.
diameter.
cerasina Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, bright cherry-red, 8-10 mm. diameter.
Stamens sometimes 15-20

80 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou. vI

= Sarg. Fruit pees to subglobose, dull red, blotched with
en, 8-10 mm. diamete
ai Sarg. Fruit cnet to subglobose, orange-red, dark dotted,
10-18 mm. diameter. Corymbs and leaves sometimes slightly villous.
lawrencensis Sarg. Fruit subglobose, green tinged with red, about 5 mm.
diameter. Stamens sometimes 15 or more.
peoriensis Sarg. Fruit oblong to obovoid, bright scarlet, 7-10 mm.
diameter.
persimilis Sarg. Fruit oblong to subglobose, dark crimson, dotted, about
11 mm. diameter. Corymbs sometimes slightly villous.
Reverchonii Sarg. Fruit subglobose, light scarlet, 10 mm. diameter.
robusta Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to obovoid, crimson, pale dotted, 7-8
mm. diameter. Stamens sometimes 20.
rubrifolia Sarg. Fruit subglobose, bright orange-red, 8-9 mm. diameter.
tantula Sarg. Fruit subglobose or short-oblong, dark red, dark dotted,
mm. diameter
tenuisepala Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, orange-red, dark dotted, 8-9 mm.
diameter. Stamens sometimes 15 or more.
CC. Corymbs at flowering time villous or pubesce
Leaves mostly spatulate, obovate or anbeallipes (on vigorous shoots
broader but usually longer than wide)
albicera Beadle. Fruit oblong, pale yellow, 8-9 mm. diameter.
arta Beadle. Fruit subglobose to short-ovoid, yellow-green and orange-
red, about 10 mm. diameter.
bellica Sarg. Corymbs usually nearly or quite glabrous. Fruit characters
as given above.’
Engelmannii Sarg. Fruit globose, bright orange-red, 8-10 mm. diameter.
Farwellii Sarg. Corymbs sometimes nearly or quite glabrous. Fruit
characters as given above.
munita Sarg. Fruit subglobose or slightly longer than thick, scarlet, pale
dotted, 8-9 mm. diameter.
operta Ashe. Corymbs usually glabrous or nearly so. Fruit characters
iven above.
setosa Sarg. Corymbs usually nearly or quite glabrous. Fruit characters
as given above.
ee Beadle. (?) Fruit oval or oblong, red, punctate, 9-10 mm. diameter.
Color of anthers not given.
sinistra Beadle. Fruit oval, reddish, green or yellow, 6-8 mm. diameter.
tenuis Sarg. Corymbs glabrous or nearly so. Fruit characters as given
above.
torva Beadle. Fruit subglobose, color not given, 7-9 mm. diameter.
DD. Leaves broader, mostly elliptic, oblong or oval (on vigorous shoots
broadly oval to suborbi cular)
1 Referring in this us in the following instances to the characters given under the same
species in one of the preceding subdivisions of this group.

1925] PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 81

fecunda Sarg. Corymbs usually glabrous or nearly so. Fruit characters
as given above.

helderbergensis Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to obovoid, crimson, dotted,
about 8 mm. diameter.

montivaga Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to ellipsoidal, orange-red, 6-7 mm.
diameter.

palliata Sarg. Fruit subglobose, dark red, pale dotted, 10 mm. diameter.

persimilis Sarg. Corymbs sometimes glabrous or nearly so. Fruit char-
acters as given above.

tetrica Beadle. Fruit subglobose, red or yellowish-green, about 10 mm.
diameter.

triumphalis Sarg. Fruit oval or short-oblong, crimson or greenish-red,
ale dotted, 8-10 mm. diameter.

vallicola Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, dull crimson blotched with green,
pale dotted, 14-16 mm. diameter

Warneri Sarg. Fruit ellipsoidal or subglobose, orange-red, 6-9 mm.

BB. Stamens about 20 Cee
Corymbs at flowering time glabrous or nearly
‘D. Leaves of flowering Pea he mostly snlete, obovate or lance-elliptic
(on ie ei shoots broader but usually longer than w
Cocksii Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to slightly obovoid, teas, 8-12 mm.

Fontanesiana Steud. Fruit short-oblong or oval, bright red, 8-10 mm.
diameter.

leptophylla Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to slightly obovoid, light orange-

, 8-10.mm. diameter.

limnophylla Sarg. Fruit ellipsoidal, bright red, 6-7 mm. diameter.

phlebodia Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, dull scarlet blotched with green,
pale dotted, 8-11 mm. diameter.

DD. Leaves of flowering branches broader, mostly elliptic, oblong or oval
(on vigorous shoots broadly oval to suborbicular

attenuata Ashe. Stamens usually 10; fruit characters as given above.

Bushii Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, green tinged with red, 6-8 mm. diameter.

cerasina Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, bright cherry-red, pale dotted, 8-10
mm. diameter. Stamens sometimes only 10.

intermixta Sarg. Fruit subglobose to slightly obovoid, dark orange-red,

mm. diameter.

lawrencensis Sarg. Stamens sometimes 15 or less. Fruit characters as
given above.

Pennypackeri Sarg. Fruit oblong, bright crimson, pale dotted, 8-10 mm.
diameter. Corymbs sometimes slightly villous.

persimilis Sarg. Fruit oblong to subglobose, dark crimson, dark dotted,
about 11 mm. diameter. Corymbs sometimes slightly villous.

robusta Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to obovoid, crimson, pale dotted, 7-8
mm. diameter. Stamens sometimes only

82 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou. v1

rotunda Sarg. Fruit sa to depressed-globose, light cherry-red,
3-15 mm. diam
sublobulata Sarg. Fruit eau subglobose or obovoid, orange-red,
7 mm. diameter.
tenuisepala Sarg. Stamens sometimes only 10-15. Fruit characters as
given above.
CC. phe at flowering time villous or pubescer
D. ves of flowering branches mostly spatulate, ‘obovate or lance-elliptic
(on aaa shoots broader but usually longer than wide)
edita Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, dull green tinged with red, 6-8 mm.
diameter.
limnophylla Sarg. Corymbs slightly villous or glabrous. Fruit characters
as given above.
ohioensis Sarg. Fruit ellipsoidal or obovoid, reddish-green, dotted, 7-8
i ter.
tersa Beadle. Fruit subglobose, color not given, 8-9 mm. diameter.
DD. Leaves broader, mostly elliptic, oblong or oval
Pennypackeri Sarg. Corymbs usually glabrous or nearly so. Fruit
characters as given above.
persimilis Sarg. Cormbs sometimes glabrous or nearly so. Fruit char-
acters as given above.
AA. Anthers salmon or yellowish flushed with pink; stamens about 10
. Corymbs at flowering time glabrous
consueta Sarg. Fruit oval, orange-red, dark dotted, 8-10 mm. diameter.
tardiflora Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, dull red blotched with green, 10-12
mm. diameter.
BB. Corymbs at flowering time villous or pubescent
barbata Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to subglobose, dark red, pale dotted,
9 mm. diameter
hirtella Sarg. Fruit subaisbon to short-oblong, green tinged with red,
about 10 mm. diameter.
AAA. Anthers white, cream or y
B. Stamens about 10 (5-12) SB ae p. 84)
C. Corymbs at flowering time glabrous or nearly so (CC see p. 84)
D. Leaves of flowering branches mostly obovate, spatulate, narrowly oblong
or lance-elliptic (on vigorous shoots broader but usually longer than broad)
algens Beadle. Fruit subglobose or ovoid, dull red or green and red,
8-10 mm. diameter.
aliena Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to slightly obovoid, crimson, pale dotted,
10 mm. diameter.
arduennae Sarg. Fruit oblong, dull dark crimson, pale dotted, 8-10 mm.
diameter.
armata Beadle. (?) Fruit globose, dull red, 5-8 mm. diameter. Color of
anthers unknown.
barrettiana Sarg. Fruit subglobose to slightly obovoid, dull red or bronze,
10-12 mm. diameter.

1925} PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 83

Bartramiana Sarg. Fruit subglobose or slightly longer than thick, crimson,
dark dotted, 8-10 mm. diameter. Corymbs sometimes villous,
collicola Ashe. (?) Fruit depressed-globose, orange-red or dull red, 8-11
mm. diameter. Color of anthers unknown.

eburnea Ashe. Fruit subglobose, dull dark red, about 13 mm. diameter.

helvina Ashe. (?) Fruit obovoid or subglobose, light red, 10-14 mm.
diameter. Color of anthers unknown

immitis Ashe. (?) Fruit globose, dark red or green mottled, 9-12 mm.
diameter. Color of anthers unknown

a ide Sarg. Fruit oval to ovoid, dull red, pale dotted, 9-10 mm.
diam

aie aie. (?) Fruit oblong, dull red-brown, 7-9 mm. diameter.
Color of anthers unknown

pachyphylla ee Fruit asec ohiune, scarlet, dark dotted, 14-15 mm.
diamete

panda Ashe Vase Beadle). (?) Fruit oval, dull red, 12-14 mm. long.
Color of anthers unknown

Parkae Sarg. Fruit phic red, pale dotted, 8-9 mm. diameter.

rudis Sarg. Fruit oval to subglobose, scarlet, dark dotted, 8-10 mm.
diameter.

severa Sarg. Fruit subglobose or depressed-globose, dark green tinged
with red, 12-14 mm. diameter. (This species was described as having
pink anthers, which was probably an error, as cultivated specimens
and subsequent collections show anthers white or pale yellow.)

Stevensiana Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to slightly obovoid, green tinged
with red, 4-5 mm. diameter.

tenuispina Sarg. Fruit subglobose to short-oblong, crimson, pale dotted,

0 mm. diameter.

truncata Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to slightly obovoid, crimson, pale

dotted, 8-10 mm. diameter.

DD. Leaves of flowering branches broader, mostly obovate, elliptic or
oblong (on vigorous shoots often suborbicular or broad as lon
acutifolia Sarg. Fruit oblong, bright scarlet, dark dotted, 8-10 mm.
iameter.
efferta Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, broader than long, dark crimson, pale
dotted, 12-13 mm. diameter.
erecta Sarg. Fruit short-oblong or subglobose, dull crimson, dark dotted,
7-10 mm. diameter.
Palmeri Sarg. Fruit subglobose, bright cherry-red, pale dotted, 8-9 mm.
diameter.
phaenoneura Sarg. Fruit subglobose, dull red, 10-12 mm. diameter.
orymbs sometimes slightly villous.
regalis Beadle. Fruit oblong, color not given, about 8 mm. diameter.
rubrisepala Sarg. Fruit subglobose to short-oblong, orange-red, 7-8 mm
diameter.

84 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou vi

CC. Corymbs at oe time villous or pubescent
D. Leavy ering branches mostly obovate, spatulate, narrowly
rhombic or anaes (on vigorous shoots broader hee usually longer
than broad)
a Sarg. Corymbs usually glabrous or nearly so. Fruit char-
cters as given above.
pilifera Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, dull red, pale dotted, 9-10 mm. diameter.
signata Beadle. (?) Fruit oval or oblong, red, punctate, 7-10 mm. diam-
eter. Color of anthers unknown.
villiflora Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, green tinged with crimson, 8-9 mm.
iameter.

DD. Leaves of flowering branches broader, mostly broadly-elliptic, oval or
oblon

paradoxa Sarg. Fruit oblong or ovoid, red, dark dotted, 6-7 mm. diameter.
phaneroneura Sarg. Corymbs sometimes glabrous. Fruit characters as
given above.
BB. yeti about 20 Poe
C. Corymbs at flowering time glabrous or nearly so
D. paee es of flowering leanne: relatively narrow, mostly obovate, spatu-
late, oblong or Bl dae (on vigorous shoots broader but ‘usually
istinctly longer than
ssl Sarg. F at short- antec dull orange-red, 8-10 mm. diameter.
arborea Beadle. Fruit globose or subglobose, red or ruddy, 6-9 mm.
diameter.
jasperensis Sarg. Fruit subglobose, crimson, pale dotted, 8-9 mm. diameter.
Mohrii Beadle. Fruit globose, red or greenish-red, black blotched, 7-9
mm. diameter. Corymbs sometimes slightly pilose.
polyclada Sarg. Fruit short-oblong or slightly ovoid, orange-red, pale
dotted, 8-10 mm. diameter.
uniqua Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, dull red, 7-8 mm. diameter.
ao Leaves of flowering branches sec aga mostly elliptic, oval or oblong

vigorous shoots often suborbicula road as long
ee “Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, ac glet, pale dotted, 10-12 mm.
iameter.

insignis Sarg. Fruit subglobose, dull dark red, pale dotted, 14-15 mm,
diameter. Corymbs sometimes slightly villous.
CC. pies at flowering time villous or Papsoane
D. Leaves of flowering branches relatively tulat
Bc ne i lance-elliptic (on vigorous ae i a hi tea ietnetie
longer than broad
berberifolia T. & G. Fruit subglobose, orange, or reddish, 12-14 mm.
diameter.
crocina Beadle. Fruit oval or oblong, yellow, 8-11 mm. diameter.
edura Beadle. Fruit subglobose, orange-yellow or tinged with red, 8-9
mm. diameter.
fera Beadle. Fruit globose or subglobose, bright red or scarlet, about
10 mm. diameter

1925] PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 85

Mohrii Beadle. Corymbs usually glabrous or nearly so. Fruit characters
as given above.

persistens Sarg. Fruit subglobose or short-oblong, crimson, dark dotted,
about 15 mm. diameter.

subpilosa Sarg. Fruit subglobose or short-oblong, dull orange-red, 8-10
mm. diameter.

DD. Leaves of sansee cd ae broader, mostly oval, oblong or elliptic
(on vigorous shoots o s broad as long, very large)

insignis Sarg. Corymbs ce Sheds or nearly so. * Pruit characters

as given above.

II. Punctatae
A. Anthers red, rose or ie (AA see p. 87)
B. Stamens about 10 (5-15)
orymbs glabrous or nearly
paeicn: Sarg. Fruit sibroke dark red, dark dotted, about 15 mm.
diameter. Stamens sometimes 20
cuneiformis Egglest. Fruit ellipsoid-pyriform, scarlet or dark red, about
0 mm. diameter. Corymbs sometimes slightly pubescent and sta-
ens 10-20.
glabrifolia Sarg. (?) Fruit subglobose, angular, iho red, dark dotted,
10-12 mm. diameter. Color of anthers u
incerta Sarg. Fruit subglobose or tio crimson, 8-10 mm.
diameter.
praestans Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to oval, dark red, minutely dark
dotted, 8-10 mm. diameter.
pratensis Sarg. Fruit globose, bright scarlet, about 10 mm. diameter.
orymbs sometimes slightly pubescent.
sauratonae Ashe. (?) Fruit red, about 12 mm. diameter, shape not de-
scribed. Number of stamens and color of anthers unknown.
tenax Ashe. Fruit subglobose, scarlet or mottled with yellow or olive, 14-15
mm. diameter. Stamens sometimes 20.
CC. Corymbs distinctly pubescent or vil
Brownietta Sarg. Fruit subglobose to slightly obovoid, crimson, pale
dotted, about 15 mm. diameter
iene Egglest. Corymbs aabalhe glabrous. Fruit characters as
given above.
desueta ae Fruit short-oblong, scarlet, pale dotted, 8-10 mm. diameter.
pausiaca Ashe. Fruit oblong or slightly pyriform, crimson, 10-15 mm.
diameter.
porrecta Ashe. Fruit globose or slightly oblong, dull red, 11-14 mm.
x4 diameter.
praestans Sarg. Corymbs usually glabrous or nearly so. Fruit characters
as given above.
BB. Stamens about 20 (12-20)
orymbs glabrous or nearly so
barbara Sarg. Fruit oblong-obovoid, crimson, 8-10 mm. diameter.

86 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou. v1

calvescens Sarg. Stamens sometimes only 10. Fruit characters as given

above.

compacta Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, orange-red, pale dotted, 9-10 mm.
diameter.

Dewingii Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, crimson, pale dotted, 10-12 mm.
diameter

Eastmaniana Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to slightly obovoid, dark crimson,
pale dotted, 10-12 mm. diameter.

grandis Ashe. Fruit globular, bright crimson, 11-14 mm. diameter.

orymbs sometimes minutely pubescent.

limatula Sarg. Fruit iris to subglobose, crimson, pale dotted,
about 15 mm. diamete

nitidula Sarg. Fruit sho-ablong dark yellow blotched with red, dark
dotted, 10-12 mm. diamet

notabilis Sarg. Fruit short- Mee to slightly obovoid, orange-red, dark
dotted, 7-8 mm. diameter.

sauratonae Ashe.? Floral characters unknown. Fruit as described above.

silvestris Sarg. Fruit subglobose or short-oblong, dull orange-red, about
10 mm. diameter. Corymbs usually slightly villous.

suborbiculata Sarg. Fruit subglobose or rather longer than broad, dull
red blotched with green, 12-15 mm. diameter.

tenax Ashe. Stamens sometimes 10-15. Fruit characters as given above.

umbratilis Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to subglobose, bright apple-green
(unripe?), about 10 mm. diameter.

CC. Corymbs distinctly villous or pubescen

angustata Sarg. Fruit subglobose or a 4 Aca crimson blotched
with green, pale dotted, 12-14 mm. diameter.

brazoria Sarg. Fruit subglobose or longer than broad, bright canary-
yellow, dark blotched, about 10 mm. diameter.

celsa Sarg. Fruit subglobose, crimson, pale dotted, 8-9 mm. diameter.

dallasiana Sarg. Fruit subglobose, dark dull red, 9-10 mm. diameter.

Eatoniana Sarg. Fruit subglobose to depressed-globose, bright cherry-
red, 10-12 mm. diameter.

florifera Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, crimson with pale lenticles, 10-12
mm. diameter

grandis Ashe. Corymbs sometimes glabrous. Fruit characters as given
above.

gine Ashe. (?) Fruit globose, dark dull ais olive mottled, 13-15

. diameter. Color of anthers unkno

ae Jacq. Fruit short-oblong to blab dull red (yellow in var.
aurea), pale dotted, 13-20 mm. diame

recedens Sarg. Fruit subglobose or slightly, obovoid, dark red, green
blotched or russet, scarcely punctate, 11-15 mm. diameter.

silvestris Sarg. Corymbs sometimes nearly glabrous. Fruit characters
as given above.

1995] PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 87

_ sordida Sarg. Fruit subglobose, dark dull red, 10-12 mm. diameter.
verruculosa Sarg. Fruit subglobose, dark red, 12-16 mm. diameter.
AA. Anthers white, cream or yellow
B. "pra about 10 (5-15)
C. Corym brous or near
slabrifolia Sax Sarg. (?) Color of es unknown. Fruit characters as given
above.
sauratonae Ashe. (?) Color of anthers unknown. Fruit characters as
given above.
_ OC. Corymbs villous or pubescent
ra Sarg. Fruit subglobose or depressed-globose, crimson blotched
with green or pale lenticles, 15-16 mm. diameter.
pam Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, yellowish-red, pale dotted, 8-9 mm.
ter,
_ latebrosa Sarg. Characters of mature fruit not known
Lettermanii Sarg. Fruit subglobose or deveeassd gations dark red with
pale lenticles, 14-16 mm. diameter.
Macropoda Sarg. Fruit subglobose or short-oblong, crimson, pale dotted,
8-10 mm. diameter.
_ ‘cla Sarg. Fruit subglobose, crimson, pale dotted, 10-12 mm. diameter.
ens usually only 5-8.
a pany Iga 20 (12-20)
rous or near
Sarg. Fruit subobose 0 or short-oblong, dull orange-red, pale
dotted, 9-10 mm. diamet
_ “iratonae Ashe. (?) Color of ‘anthers and number of stamens unknown.
P op characters as given above.
’ Corymbs villous or pubescent
a ‘mnicola Beadle, Fruit ahaha: red, 7-10 mm. diameter. —
_ ‘ollina Chapm. Fruit globose, dull red, about 10 mm. diameter.
; uae (?) Color of anthers unknown. Fruit characters as given

: rea aurea Ait, Fruit short-oblong to subglobose, yellow, 19-20
: tons Beale “Fruit subglobose or slightly pyriform, red, 9-12 mm.
necineta Sarg, Bruit sebgloboes: orange-red, 7-9 mm. diameter

Fruit subglobose, bright red, 8-12 mm.
Vina Sarg. Prt steno Sigh loge in i 12-38

88 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v1

arborescens Ell. Fruit subglobose, orange-red, 5-7 mm. diameter.
Corymbs sometimes villous.

durifolia Ashe. (?) Fruit globular, dull red, 8-10 mm. diameter. Color
of anthers unknown

enucleata Sarg. Fruit aibgiclous to short-oblong, orange-red, 7-8 mm.
diameter.

Pechiana Sarg. Fruit subglobose or slightly broader than long, orange-
red, 8-9 mm. diameter.

penita Beadle. Fruit globose or depressed-globose, red, 8-10 mm. diam-

eter
Schneckii Ashe. (?) Fruit nearly globular, bright red, about 8 mm.
diameter. Color of anthers unknown
sutherlandensis Sarg. Fruit aii ered. 7-8 mm. diameter.
BB. Corymbs villous or pubesce
antimima Sarg. Corymbs ie glabrous. Fruit characters as
given ubove.
ingens Beadle. Fruit globose or subglobose, red, 7-9 mm. diameter.
micracantha Sarg. Fruit subglobose to short-oblong, bright orange-red.
about 7 mm. diameter.
paludosa Sarg. Fruit mae or short-oblong, orange-red, dark
dotted, 5-8 mm. diamete
stenosepala Sarg. Fruit ellipsoidal to slightly obovoid, orange-red, 5-6
mm. diameter
subviridis Beadle. (?) Fruit globose, color not described, 5-7 mm. diam-
eter. Color of anthers unknown
AA. Anthers sc olheliaha or yellow
B. Corymbs glabrou
abbreviata Sarg. Fruit subglobose, dark red, 6-8 mm. diameter. Corymbs
usually slightly villous.
atrorubens Ashe. Fruit globular, dark red, 9-11 mm. diameter.
blanda Sarg. Fruit subglobose to short-oblong, bright orange-red, pale
dotted, about 8 mm. diameter.
durifolia Ashe. (?) Color of anthers unknown. Fruit characters as given
above.
glabriuscula Sarg. Fruit oblong to obovoid, dull orange-color with dark
lenticles, 5-8 mm. diameter
interior Beadle. Fruit globose, bet red, 7-8 mm. diameter.
lanceolata Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to slightly obovoid, dark red, 6-7 mm.
diameter.
larga Sarg. Fruit obovoid, scarlet, pale dotted, 7-8 mm. diameter.
ludoviciensis Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, crimson, 9-10 mm. ee
lutensis Sarg. Fruit orange-red, dark dotted, 4-5 mm. diam
mitis Sarg. Fruit subglobose to short-oblong, dark crimson, nee dotted
10-12 mm. diameter.
nitens Sarg. Fruit subglobose, orange-red, 6-8 mm. diameter.

1925] PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 89

nitida Sarg. Fruit oblong, dull brick-red with dark lenticles, 8-15 mm.
diameter.
ovata Sarg. Fruit subglobose or slightly longer than broad, orange-red,
5-6 mm. diameter.
Schneckii Ashe. (?) Color of anthers unknown. Fruit characters as given

above.

tripartita Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, yellow-green, 5-8 mm. diameter.

viridis L. Fruit subglobose or depressed-globose, bright scarlet or orange,

5 mm. diameter.
Corymbs villous or pubescent

abbreviata Sarg. Corymbs sometimes glabrous. Fruit characters as
given above.

amicalis Sarg. Fruit subglobose, dull red, 6-8 mm. diameter.

antiplasta Sarg. Fruit subglobose, scarlet, 7-8 mm. diameter.

atrorubens Ashe. Corymbs sometimes glabrous. Fruit characters as
given above.

Dawsoniana Sarg. Fruit obovoid, orange-red, 8-10 mm. diameter.

poliophylla Sarg. Fruit globose to short-oblong or ovoid, orange-red,
6-7 mm. diameter.

subviridis ee (?) Color of anthers unknown. Fruit characters as
given abov

velutina Sarg. Fruit subglobose, orange-red, pale dotted, 6-7 mm. diam-
eter.

IV. Pulcherrimae

A. Anthers rose or purple

abstrusa Beadle. Fruit oval or short pyriform, color not given, 7-9
mm. diameter

ancisa Beadle. Fruit globose or subglobose, red or ruddy, 10-12 mm.
diameter.

assimilis Beadle. Fruit globose, color not described, 7-9 mm. diameter.

austrina Beadle. Fruit globose, green or greenish-yellow, about 10 mm.
diameter.

concinna Beadle. Fruit subglobose, color not described, 7-8 mm. diam-

eter.
contrita Beadle. Fruit subglobose yellow-green or orange, 7-9 mm.
diamet
illustris Beadle. Fruit depressed globose, color not described, about
0 mm. diameter.
incilis Beadle. Fruit subglobose, red or red and green, 7-9 mm. diameter.
opima Beadle. Fruit globose, bright red, 5-8 mm. diameter.
pinetorum Beadle. Fruit subglobose, red or ruddy, 7-10 mm. diameter.
pulcherrima Ashe. 7 oval, yellow-green, 6-8 mm. diameter.
AA. Anthers cream or
lenis Beadle. Fruit ae or eaubpeeieme red or ruddy, 6-8 mm. diameter.

90 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou. v1

V. Intricatae
A. ace Lao ig 7 Pape (AA see
abo 7-12) (BB see p. 9
re s at ‘oat time glabrous or nearly so

Bealii Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to subglobose, dark orange-red, dark
dotted, about 10 mm. diameter. Stamens sometimes 16 or more.

Bissellii Sarg. Fruit pyriform, dull orange-red or green tinged, 9-10
mm. diameter.

Buckleyi Beadle. Fruit sugblobose angled, red or russet-red, 8-12 mm.
diameter.

Darlingtoniana Sarg. (?) Fruit short-oblong to depressed-globose, bright
canary yellow, 12-14 mm. diameter. Flowers unknown.

definita Sarg. Fruit subglobose to short-oblong, greenish or greenish-
yellow, about 10 mm. diameter. Young leaves sometimes slightly
scabrate above.

diversifolia Sarg. Fruit obovoid, bright orange, dark dotted, 8-9 mm.
diameter.

fortunata Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to slightly obovoid, bright canary-
yellow, dark dotted, 12-14 mm. diameter

fulva Sarg. Fruit globose or oblong-globose, aa or orange, bronze tinged.

aves sometimes slightly scabrate.

Hargeri Sarg. Fruit obovoid, dull orange-green, 10-12 mm. diameter.

inducta Ashe. Fruit globose or obovoid, dull green or russet, 8-10 mm.
diameter.

Jenningsii Sarg. Fruit depressed-ovoid to short-oblong, russet-green,
dark russet-red or bronze, 13-16 mm. diameter.

leioclada Sarg. Fruit subglobose to short-oblong, green or flushed with
red, 10-12 mm. diameter.

luteola Sarg. Fruit subglobose to short-obovoid, light canary-yellow,

0 mm. diameter.
meticulosa Sarg. bee ini to ovoid, orange-red, dark dotted,
2 mm. diam

neobushii Sarg. Poe “dusiadiian to subglobose, orange-red, dark
dotted, 10-12 mm. diameter

padifolia Sarg. Fruit hoe solong, orange-red, dark dotted, 12-15 mm.
diameter. Anthers described as yellow flushed with pink.

pagensis Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to slightly obovoid, dull orange-brown,
about 10 mm. diameter.

Paineriana Sarg. Fruit subglobose to short-oblong, orange or orange-red,

about 12 mm. diameter.
premace Sarg. Fruit oblong-obovoid, dark crimson, pale dotted, 8-11
. diameter.

Schweinitziana Sarg. Fruit oblong, dark red, 8-9 mm. diameter.

straminea Beadle. Fruit pyriform, yellowish-green, 9-11 mm. diameter.
CG. Leaves at flowering time scabrate or villous above.

1925] PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 91

communis Beadle. Fruit globose or subglobose, red, 9-13 mm. diameter.

definita Sarg. Leaves sometimes glabrous above. Fruit characters as
given above.

fulva Sarg. Leaves sometimes glabrous above. Fruit characters as given

above.

infera Sarg. Fruit obovoid, dark reddish-orange, dark dotted, 10-11 mm.
diameter.

minutiflora Sarg. Fruit short-oblong or subglobose, dull orange or orange
and green with pale lenticles, about 10 mm. diameter.

Peckii Sarg. Fruit subglobose to short-oblong or ovoid, light yellow-
green or red tinged, dark dotted, 8-10 mm. diameter.

scabra sais Fruit subglobose or short-oblong, green, about 12 mm.
diam

Stonei a Bruit obovoid, light yellow or greenish-yellow, 12-14 mm.
diameter.

BB. Stamens about 20 (15-20)

C. Leaves at flowering time glabrous or nearly so

Bealii Sarg. Stamens usually about 10. Fruit Aacies as given above.

Darlingtoniana Sarg. (?) Flowers unknown; fruit characters as given

above.
gilva Beadle. Fruit subglobose or short-pyriform, yellow or greenish-
yellow, mm. diameter.

gratiosa Sarg. Fruit short-oblong or slightly obovoid, green blotched witb
red, 8-10 mm. diameter. Young leaves sometimes slightly villous
above.

macilenta Beadle. Fruit globose or subglobose, red, 7-9 mm. diameter.

mendosa Beadle. Fruit globose or subglobose, red, 8-10 mm. diameter.

pallens Beadle. Fruit subglobose to oval, yellow or greenish-yellow, 8-11
mm. diameter.

Sargentii Beadle. Fruit globose or subglobose, yellow or orange-yellow,
flushed with red, 10-13 mm. diameter.

tecta Beadle. Fruit globose, red, 10-13 mm. diameter.
CC. Leaves at flowering time scabrate or villous

gratiosa Sarg. Young leaves sometimes glabrous or nearly so. Fruit
characters as given above.

Harveyana Sarg. Fruit ioe orange, about 10 mm. diameter.

AA. Anthers white, cream

B. Staten about 10 (7- 15). “(SB see p. 93)
. Leaves at flowering time glabrous or nearly so

apposita Sarg. Fruit dblong-obovoid, reddish-green or yellowish-bronze,
9-11 mm. diameter.

Bartoniana Sarg. Fruit subglobose to short-oblong, dark crimson or
blotched with green, 10-12 mm. diameter.

Boyntonii Beadle. Fruit globose or subglobose, yellow-green flushed
with red, 10-15 mm. diameter.

92 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [VoL. vI

cornellii Sarg. oe obovoid, light orange-yellow, dark dotted, 10-12
mm. diam

cuprea Sarg. ah subglobose to short-oblong, russet or dark red, 8-9
mm. diameter.

Darlingtoniana Sarg. (?) Flowers unknown. Fruit characters as given
above.

flavida Sarg. Fruit subglobose to short-oblong, dull yellow or orange-
yellow tinged with red, 10-12 mm. diameter.

foetida Ashe. Fruit oui dull olive-green, red or russet mottled,

11-14 mm. diamete

fructuosa Sarg. Fruit aaa globose, deep orange-red, about 12 mm.
diameter.

intricata Lange. Fruit subglobose to ellipsoidal, 7-9 mm. diameter.

Kinzerae Sarg. Fruit oblong-obovoid, russet-orange or red tinged, 10-12
mm. diameter.

lentula Sarg. Fruit depressed-globose, deep dull red, about 13 mm.
diameter.

nemoralis Sarg. Fruit subglobose or slightly obovoid, bright clear red,
about 10 mm. diameter.

neocanbyi Sarg. Fruit subglobose to nae el dull orange to red-
dish-orange, dark dotted, 12-15 mm. diamet

padifolia Sarg. Stamens described as yellow flushed with pink (usually

pink). Fruit characters as given above

pusilla Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, crimson blotehed with green, dark
dotted, 12-14 mm. diameter. Leaves sometimes slightly scabrous
above.

resecta Ashe. Fruit globular, bright scarlet, 14-17 mm. diameter.

reses Ashe. Fruit subglobose, dark red or mottled with russet or green,
15-16 mm. diameter. Young leaves sometimes slightly scabrous.

sexatilis Sarg. Fruit pe nimeiges dark orange or reddish-orange, dark
dotted, 9-10 mm. dia

stellata Sarg. Fruit arcu dull reddish-green, 11-13 mm. diam-
eter.

tenuissima Sarg. Fruit obovoid, dull red, 8-10 mm. diameter.

Twiningii Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to subglobose, green tinged with red,

2 mm. diameter

verecunda Sarg. Fruit oblong to oblong-obovoid, crimson, about 7 mm.
diameter.

virgata Ashe. Fruit depressed-globose, russet-red dotted with green and
orange, 12-16 mm. diameter.
CC aves at flowering time scabrate or villous above

abjecta Sarg. Fruit subglobose or cia longer than wide, greenish-
orange, about 15 mm. diamet

alpista Sarg. Fruit ovoid, dull | blotched with green, 10-12 mm.
diameter.

1925] PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 93

biltmoreana Beadle. Fruit depressed-globose, green, yellow or orange,
10-15 mm. diameter.
callista Sarg. Fruit oblong, orange-red, 8-9 mm. diameter.
confusa Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to subglobose, russet-green or tinged
with red, 12-17 mm. diameter.
contortula Sarg. Fruit subglobose, green blotched with red, about 10
mm. diameter.
Delosii Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to slightly obovoid, orange tinged with
red, pale dotted, 10-12 mm. diameter.
modesta Sarg. Fruit subglobose, rarely oblong or pyriform, bright yellow
or orange-red, dark mottled, 8-9 mm. diameter.
premora Ashe. Fruit globose, bright green, dark mottled, 10-12 mm.
diameter.
pusilla Sarg. Leaves usually glabrous or nearly so. Fruit characters as
given above.
reses Ashe. Young leaves usually glabrous or nearly so. Fruit characters
as given above.
villicarpa Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to subglobose, orange yellow or tinged
with red, pale dotted, 10-12 mm. diameter.
BB. Stamens about 20 (15-20)
C. Leaves at flowering time glabrous or nearly so
alma Beadle. Fruit subglobose, red, 10-12 mm. diameter.
Darlingtoniana Sarg. (?) Flowers unknown. Fruit characters as given
above.
eximia Beadle. Fruit globose, red, 8-10 mm. diameter.
inanis Beadle. Fruit short-oval or slightly pyriform, red or ruddy, 6-8
mm. diameter.
venusta Beadle. Fruit oval, greenish-red, dull red or bright red, 9-13
mm. diameter.
. Leaves at flowering time scabrate or villous above
Craytonii Beadle. Fruit oblong to obovoid, red or ruddy, 9-12 mm.
diameter.
VI. Tenuifoliae
Anthers red, rose, pink or purple in this group.
A. Stamens normally 10 or less (AA see p. 97
B. Leaves of flowering branches narrowed or attenuate at base (on vigorous
shoots rounded to truncate) (BB see p. 95)
. Corymbs glabrous or nearly so (CC see p. 95)
acuminata Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to subglobose, crimson, 8-9 mm.
diameter.
acutiloba Sarg. Fruit oblong to obovoid, bright scarlet, 8-10 mm. diam-
eter.
angustisepala Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to slightly obovoid, scarlet, about
10 mm. diameter.
antheina Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, scarlet, pale dotted, 9-12 mm. diam-
eter.

94 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou vt

apiomorpha Sarg. Fruit obovoid, rarely short-oblong, bright reddish-
purple, pale dotted, 8-12 mm. diameter. Corymbs sometimes slightly
villous.

ascendens Sarg. Fruit oblong or oblong-obovoid, dark crimson, 8-9 mm.
diameter.

bella Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to slightly obovoid, scarlet, 8-9 mm.
diameter.

Boothiana Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, bright orange, pale dotted, 8-9 mm.
diameter.

Collinsiana Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, dark crimson, about 8 mm. diameter.

colorata Sarg. Fruit obovoid, crimson, pale dotted, about 12 mm. diam-
eter.

crudelis Sarg. Fruit oblong, crimson, pale dotted, 9-10 mm. diameter.
Corymbs sometimes slightly villous.

culta Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, ovoid or subglobose, crimson, pale dotted,
9-10 mm. diameter.

cyanophylla Sarg. Fruit subglobose to short-oblong, reddish-purple with
pale lenticles, 9-15 mm. diameter.

delucida Sarg. Fruit oblong, bright scarlet, 9-10 mm. diameter. Leaves
of terminal shoots sometimes subcordate.

Eganii Ashe. Fruit bright red, oblong, 8-13 mm. diameter.

exigua Ashe. Fruit obovoid, bright scarlet, 10-12 mm. diameter.

firma Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to obovoid, crimson, 10-12 mm. diameter.

flammata Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, scarlet, pale dotted, 8-10 mm. diam-
eter.

florea Sarg. Fruit oblong, scarlet, 10-12 mm. diameter.

glaucophylla Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, rarely ovoid, bright scarlet, about

0 mm. diameter.

Gruberi Ashe. Fruit globular-pyriform, light green with russet or scarlet
blotches, about 11 mm. diameter.

Hadleyana Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, scarlet, pale dotted, 9-10 mm.
diameter. Corymbs sometimes slightly villous.

leptopoda Sarg. Fruit obovoid, bright cherry-red, pale dotted, 8-9 mm.
diameter.

longipetiolata Sarg. Fruit oblong-obovoid, dark red, 8-9 mm. diameter.

marcida Ashe. Fruit depressed-globose, dark crimson, 13-15 mm. diam-
eter.

merita Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to slightly obovoid, crimson, blotched
with green and pale dotted, 9-10 mm. diameter.

miniata Ashe. Fruit oblong, scarlet or mottled with olive or russet, 9-13
mm. diameter.

nescia Sarg. Fruit short-oblong or slightly obovoid, scarlet, pale dotted,
9-10 mm. diameter.

pallidula Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, scarlet, 7-8 mm. diameter.

1925] PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 95

parviflora aaa Fruit oblong-obovoid, crimson, pale dotted, about 10
mm. diam
pastorum Sarg. ee oblong, bright scarlet with pale lenticles, about 10
mm. diameter. Stamens sometimes 20.
paucispina Sarg. Fruit pyriform or globose-pyriform, crimson or purplish,
pale dotted, 12-15 mm. diameter.
pentandra Sarg. Fruit dark crimson with pale lenticles, 12-15 mm.
diameter.
perlaevis Ashe. Fruit pyriform, obovoid or rarely oblong, dark dull red
blotched with orange or russet, 8-12 mm. diameter.
porracea Ashe. (?) Fruit oblong, dark red, 10-13 mm. diameter.
propinqua Ashe. Fruit globose, green, russet and dull red, 12-13 mm.
diameter.
pumila Sarg. Fruit oblong, dark red, 8-10 mm. diameter.
rubrocarnea Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to subglobose, scarlet, dark dotted,
12-14 mm. diameter. Corymbs sometimes slightly villous.
saturata Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to subglobose, dark red, about 10 mm.
diameter.
sequax Ashe. Fruit globose or subglobose, dark red or crimson blotched
with green or russet, 12-15 mm. diameter.
serena Sarg. Fruit oblong, scarlet with pale lenticles, about 10 mm.
diameter.
siderea Sarg. Fruit obovoid, yellow-green, becoming dark red, 9-10 mm.
diameter.
suavis Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, orange-red, pale dotted, 8-9 mm. diam-
eter.
tarda Salk Fruit oblong to subglobose, bright scarlet with pale lenticles,
ming crimson, 11-14 mm. diameter. Stamens sometimes 15-20
tenuifolia Britton. Fruit pyriform, 8-9 mm. diameter. Color not ds
scrl
viridimontana Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, crimson, pale dotted, about
0 mm. diameter.
Wootoniana Egglest. (?) Fruit ellipsoidal, red, 6-10 mm. diameter.
Color of anthers not described.
CC. Corymbs sometimes slightly villous
apiomorpha Sarg. Fruit characters as given above.
crudelis Sarg. Fruit characters as given above.
Hadleyana Sarg. Fruit characters as given above.
rubrocarnea Sarg. Fruit characters as given above.
BB. Leaves of flowering branches mostly not conspicuously narrowed at base,
rounded to rac (on vigorous shoots truncate to cordate)
C. Corymbs glabro
blandita sae Fruit see scarlet with pale lenticles, 8-9 mm. diameter.
brumalis Ashe. Fruit subglobose, dull, rather dark red, green mottled,
10-12 mm. diameter.

96 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou. v1

Claytoniana Sarg. Fruit subglobose to short-oblong, scarlet, about 10
iameter.

condensa Sarg. Fruit obovoid, yellowish-red, 8-10 mm. diameter.

Damei Sarg. Fruit oblong to obovoid, bright cherry-red, minutely dotted,
about 8 mm. diameter

demissa Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to subglobose or slightly obovoid,
scarlet, 8-9 mm. diameter.

dissimilis Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to obovoid. dull red, becoming dark
red, about 12 mm. diameter.

fucata Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to oval, crimson, 8-9 mm. diameter.

fucosa Sarg. Fruit oblong, scarlet, pale dotted, 9-12 mm. diameter.

genialis Sarg. Fruit oblong, dark crimson, pale dotted, 8-10 mm. diameter.

gracilipes Sarg. Fruit narrow-obovoid, scarlet, 6-7 mm. diameter.

Habereri Sarg. Fruit oval to obovoid, crimson, pale dotted, about 5 mm.
diameter.

heidelbergensis Sarg. Fruit obovoid, rarely short-oblong or globose,
scarlet, blotched with russet, pale dotted, 12-15 mm. diameter.

ignea Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, scarlet, pale dotted, 8-9 mm. ——

insignata Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, dull red, 8-9 mm. diamet

insolita Sarg. Fruit broad-ovoid, bright cherry-red, dark aie 12-13
mm. diameter.

lata Sarg. Fruit oblong, bright scarlet, about 7 mm. diameter.

macrosperma Ashe. Fruit somewhat longer than thick, dark but bright
red, 13-18 mm. diameter

matura Sarg. Fruit oblong, bright scarlet with pale lenticles, 12-15 mm.
diameter.

media Sarg. Fruit obovoid, scarlet, 8-10 mm. diameter.

modica Sarg. Fruit globose, bright crimson, 8-10 mm. diameter.

monstrata Sarg. Fruit oblong, scarlet, pale dotted, 9-10 mm. diameter.

Moyeriana Sarg. Fruit obovoid to short-oblong, cherry-red, dark dotted,
10-11 mm. diameter.

multifida Ashe. (?) Fruit oblong, crimson, 9-11 mm. diameter.

Napaea Sarg. Fruit oblong-obovoid, dull red, 8-9 mm. diameter.

ornata Sarg. Fruit oblong, scarlet, 9-10 mm. diameter.

otiosa Ashe. Fruit oblong, russet becoming scarlet, 8-10 mm. diameter.

pactilis Ashe. (?) Fruit obovoid, scarlet, orange or russet, 11-12 mm,

diameter

Paddockii Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to obovoid, scarlet, 8-10 mm. diam-
eter.

Paineana Sarg. Fruit long-obovoid, scarlet, pale dotted, about 10 mm.
diameter.

parca Ashe. (?) Fruit globose or saci oblong, scarlet-mottled with
orange, about 10 mm. diamete

perlaeta Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to slightly obovoid, scarlet, pale dotted,
8-9 mm. diameter.

1925] PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 97

populnea Ashe. Fruit globular or oblong, dull red mottled with green,
russet and scarlet, about 14 mm. diameter.

propensa Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, scarlet, pale dotted, 8-10 mm. diameter.

Randiana Sarg. Fruit oblong, scarlet, pale dotted, 8-9 mm. diameter.

recta Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, scarlet, pale dotted, 8-9 mm. diameter.

retrusa Ashe. Fruit obovoid or oblong, orange-scarlet, 8-10 mm. diameter.

roanensis Ashe. Fruit oblong, bright red, about 8 mm. diameter.

rubicunda Sarg. Fruit oblong, scarlet, pale dotted, about 8 mm. diameter.
Corymbs sometimes slightly villous.

rufipes Ashe. Fruit oblong, scarlet mottled with green or russet, 9-11
mm. diameter.

sarniensis Sarg. — short-oblong, light orange-red, pale dotted, 7-8
mm. diamet

sextilis Sarg. Frait subglobose to short-oblong, scarlet, 12-14 mm.

iameter.

Slavinii Sarg. Fruit short-oblong or slightly obovoid, bright orange-red,
pale dotted, about 10 mm. diameter.

spatifolia Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, crimson, pale dotted, 8-9 mm.
diamete

Streeterae Sarg. Fruit oblong, scarlet, pale dotted, about 8 mm. diameter.

tenella Ashe. Fruit oblong, dark orange, scarlet or mottled, 9-10 mm.
diameter. Leaves sometimes narrowed at base.

tenera Ashe. Fruit oblong, bright scarlet, 9-10 mm. diameter.

tenuiloba Sarg. Fruit oblong-obovoid, scarlet, about 10 mm. diameter.

ace ainda Sarg. Fruit obovoid, crimson, pale dotted, 12-15 mm.

dia
vittata rie Fruit subglobose or short-cylindric, red-scarlet blotched
with olive or russet, 14-18 mm. diameter.
C. Corymbs villous at flowering time
rubicunda Sarg. Corymbs sometimes nearly or quite glabrous. Fruit
characters as given above
uber Ashe. Fruit oblong, jak dull red mottled with orange, 12-15 mm.
diameter.
AA. Stamens Pra (rarely less)
B. Leaves of flowering beaches — narrowed or attenuate at base (on
vigorous shouts rounded or truncate)
C. Corymbs glabrous at flowerin i ee
alnorum Sarg. Fruit oblong-obovoid, bright scarlet, about 8 mm. diam-

eter

ae igs Fruit obovoid to short-oblong, scarlet, i dotted, 14-16

m. diameter. Corymbs sometimes slightly vi

fe. Beadle. Fruit subglobose, red, 12-15 mm. ise ter.

conferta Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, orange-red, pale dotted, about 8 mm.
diameter.

decens Ashe. Fruit oblong, subglobose or slightly obovoid, scarlet or
orange spotted, 10-12 mm. diameter.

98 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou. v1

depilis Sarg. Fruit subglobose to broad-obovoid, dark red to reddish-
purple, 12-15 mm. diameter.

Edsonii Sarg. Fruit subglobose to short-oblong or obovoid, bright cherry-
red, pale dotted, 13-15 mm. diameter.

lucorum Sarg. Fruit pear-shaped, becoming oblong or obovoid, crimson
with pale lenticles, 12-15 mm. diameter. Corymbs sometimes
slightly villous.

luminosa Sarg. Fruit obovoid, crimson, pale dotted, 10-12 mm. diameter.

mellita Sarg. Fruit oblong or oblong-obovoid, bright scarlet, 8-9 mm

diameter.

pastorum Sarg. Stamens sometimes 5-10. Fruit characters as given
above.

taetrica Sarg. Fruit oval, scarlet-yellow, blotched and pale dotted, 9-10
mm. diameter

tarda Sarg. Stamens sometimes 10 or less. Fruit characters as given
above.

CC. Corymbs villous at flowering time
asperata Sarg. Corymbs sometimes nearly or quite glabrous. Fruit
characters as given above.
lucorum Sarg. Corymbs sometimes glabrous or nearly so. Fruit char-
acters as given above.
BB. Leaves of flowering ge not usually narrowed at base (on vigorous
shoots truncate or cordate). rymbs glabrous
Schuettei Ashe. Fruit ahr bones or globular-pyriform, dark red, about
13 mm. diameter.

VII. Silvicolae

Anthers as rose, pink or purple. Stamens 10 or less
A. Leaves of flowering branches mostly narrowed at base (on vigorous shoots
ate i or tru

acerba Sarg. Fruit ek crimson, pale dotted, 8-10 mm. diameter.

aemula Beadle. Fruit globose or subglobose, red, 10-13 mm. diameter.

ambigens Sarg. Fruit globose or depressed-globose, greenish-yellow,
becoming dark purplish-red, pale dotted, 10-12 mm. diameter. Ter-
minal shoot leaves sometimes subcordate.

Barryana Sarg. Fruit obovoid, crimson, pale dotted, about 15 mm.
diameter. Terminal shoot leaves sometimes subcordate.

blairensis Sarg. Fruit subglobose to slightly obovoid, dull red, pale dotted,
10-12 mm. diameter

coerulea Sarg. Fruit obavenl. bright orange-red, pale dotted, 10-12 mm.
diameter.

compta Sarg. Fruit oblong-obovoid, rarely oblong, light cherry-red,
pale dotted, about 12 mm. diameter. Terminal shoot leaves some-
times subcordate.

congestiflora Sarg. Fruit obovoid, crimson, pale dotted, 9-11 mm. diam-
eter

1925] PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 99

cruda Sarg. Fruit obovoid, scarlet, pale dotted, about 10 mm. diameter.

delectata Sarg. Fruit obovoid, crimson, pale dotted, about 10 mm.
diameter.

dissociabilis Sarg. Fruit obovoid, light cherry-red, about 9 mm. diameter.
Terminal shoot leaves sometimes subcordate.

dissona Sarg. Fruit depressed- — crimson blotched with green,
pale dotted, 12-16 mm. diamete

effera Sarg. Fruit obovoid, orange- ea pale dotted, 10-12 mm. diam-
eter.

gravis Ashe. Fruit short-oblong, red or crimson, 8-9 mm. diameter.

impervia Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to slightly obovoid, salmon-red, 10-12
mm. diameter.

implicata Sarg. Fruit subglobose to ovoid, crimson, pale dotted, 8-11
mm. diameter.

infensa Sarg. Fruit short-obovoid, scarlet, pale dotted, 10-11 mm.
diameter. Terminal shoot leaves often subcordate.

iterata Sarg. Fruit subglobose, angled, light orange-red, blotched with
green, 13-15 mm. (or less) diameter.

laetans Sarg. Fruit obovoid, oil short-oblong, dark orange-red, pale
dotted, 11-13 mm. diam

leimonia Sarg. Fruit a any acid orange-red blotched with yellow-
green, pale dotted, 10-15 mm. (or less) diameter.

Livingstoniana Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, red, pale dotted, 10-12 mm.
diameter. Terminal shoot leaves sometimes subcordate.

luxuriosa Sarg. Fruit subglobose to slightly obovoid, scarlet, pale dotted,
12-18 mm. diameter.

perspicabilis Sarg. Fruit subglobose to short-oblong, maroon, pale dotted,

4 mm. diameter.

promissa Sarg. Fruit oblong or obovoid, crinison, 7-8 mm. diameter.

prona Ashe. Fruit oblong-obovoid or pyriform, dark red mottled with
green and russet, 8-10 mm. diameter.

puta Sarg. Fruit subglobose, scarlet, pale dotted, 10-14 mm. diameter.

pyramidata Sarg. Fruit short-oblong or slightly obovoid, scarlet, pale
dotted, 10-11 mm. diameter.

radina Sarg. Fruit globose or slightly obovoid, yellow-green to dark
purplish-red, pale dotted, 12-14 mm. diameter.

recordabilis Sarg. Fruit ig calcite greenish-orange to scarlet, pale

dotted, 9-10 mm. diamete

ruricola Sarg. Fruit eee scarlet, 10-15 mm. diameter.

sectilis Ashe. (?) Fruit subglobose or obovoid, dark red, 12-16 mm.

iameter.

strigosa Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, scarlet, dark dotted, 10-11 mm.
diameter.

tortuosa Sarg. Fruit obovoid, bright orange-red, pale dotted, 10-12 mm.
diameter.

100 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou. vi

xanthophylla wr Fruit short-oblong, orange-red, pale dotted, 10-12
mm. diamete
= Leaves of —_ branches mostly broad or rounded at base (on vigor-

us shoots truncate to cordate)

aides Ashe. (?) Fruit globular, dark red, 10-13 mm. diameter.

allecta Sarg. Fruit obovoid, bright orange-red, dark dotted, 8-10 mm.
diameter.

ampliata Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, dull scarlet, 9-10 mm. diameter.

delicata Sarg. Fruit ovoid to oblong, dull red, 10-12 mm. diameter.

diffusa Sarg. Fruit subglobose to short-oblong, scarlet, dark dotted, 13-15
mm, diameter.

drymophila Sarg. Fruit globose, red or greenish, 10-11 mm. diameter.

filipes Ashe. Fruit obovoid, crimson or green, spotted, 10-12 mm. diameter.

Maineana Sarg. Fruit globose, dark scarlet with light spots, about 15
mm. diameter.

medioxima Sarg. Fruit subglobose, rarely short-oblong, dark red, pale
dotted, 11-14 mm. diameter.

opulens Sarg. Fruit subglobose to short-obovoid, crimson, dark dotted,
13-15 mm. diameter

riparia Ashe. (?) Color of anthers not given. Fruit globose, orange-

ellow, 7-8 mm. diameter.

stolonifera Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to subglobose, scarlet, 10-11 mm.

diameter.
VIII. Pruinosae

A. i eel tage rose or purple (AA see p. 105)
. Stamens about 10 (7-15) (BB see p. 101)
C. me os of flowering branches mostly narrowed or cuneate at base (on

vigorous shoots rounded to truncate), at flowering time glabrous

alacris Sarg. Fruit short-oblong or slightly obovoid, bright red, 8-10
mm, diameter.

aridula Sarg. Fruit obovoid, dark red, pale dotted, 8-9 mm. diameter.

bellula Sarg. Fruit subglobose or broadly obovoid, dull crimson, pale
dotted, 15-18 mm. diameter.

brevipes Peck. Fruit subglobose to depressed-globose, dull red blotched
with red, 10-15 mm. diameter.

deducta Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to ovoid, green, 10-12 mm. diameter.

disjuncta ‘ig Fruit subglobose, green tinged with red, 12-14 mm.

divisifolia ae Fruit depressed-globose, sa dull red or blotched
with green or russet, 14-17 mm. diam

erubescens Sarg. Fruit subglobose, amet) purple-red, pale dotted,
12-15 mm. diameter. Leaves sometimes broader.

franklinensis Sarg. Fruit slightly obovoid to subglobose, dark red, 8-10
mm. diameter.

incisa Sarg. Fruit obovoid, green, red tinged or crimson, 10-12 mm.
diameter.

1925] PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 101

iracunda Beadle. Fruit subglobose, red or red and green, 8-10 mm. diam-
eter.

Jesupii Sarg. Fruit obovoid to short-oblong, bright scarlet, dark dotted,
about 10 mm. diameter.

levis Sarg. Fruit obovoid, dull purple, 7-8 mm. diameter.

Milleri Sarg. Fruit obovoid, green becoming red, 8-10 mm. diameter.

nemorosa Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to obovoid, crimson, dark dotted,
about 10 mm. diameter.

numerosa Sarg. Fruit obovoid, scarlet, pale dotted, 9-10 mm. diameter.

ovatifolia Sarg. Fruit obovoid, scarlet, dark dotted, 8-10 mm. diameter.

placiva Sarg. Fruit short-oblong or obovoid, bright orange-red, pale
dotted, 10-12 mm. diameter.

procera Sarg. Fruit subglobose, crimson, pale dotted, 10-12 mm. diameter.

pulchra Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, cherry-red, 10-12 mm. diameter.

radiata Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, crimson, dark dotted, 15-17 mm. diam.

remota Sarg. Fruit subglobose or slightly obovoid, scarlet, 10-15 mm.
diameter.

rigida Sarg. Fruit subglobose, angled, green, rose tinged, 10-12 mm.
diameter.

superata Sarg. Fruit subglobose, green becoming crimson, dark dotted,

—15 mm. diameter.

uncta Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, red, pale dotted, 10-12 mm. diameter.

CC. Leaves of flowering branches broader, mostly rounded, truncate or cordate

at base
D. Leaves at flowering time glabrous or nearly so
erubescens Sarg. Fruit subglobose, pentagonal, purple-red, pale dotted,
12-15 mm. diameter
deltoides Ashe. Fruit globular or depressed-globular, dark red, 15-17
mm. diameter.
depressa Ashe. (?) Color of anthers unknown. Fruit depressed-globose,
dark red, 12-14 mm. diameter.
macera Sarg. Fruit subglobose to short-oblong, scarlet, dark dotted,
about 10 mm. diameter.
plana Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, pale green becoming crimson, pale dotted,
10-12 mm. diameter.
relicta Sarg. Fruit subglobose, green flushed with red, 9-10 mm. diameter.
DD. Leaves at flowering time pubescent or scabrate above
exornata Sarg. Fruit subglobose, scarlet, dark dotted, 10-12 mm. diameter.
BB. Stamens about 20 (15-20)
C. Leaves of flowering branches mostly narrowed or cuneate at base (on
vigorous shoots rounded to truncate, rarely subcordate) (CC see p. 104)
D. Leaves at flowering time gla brous or near
advena Sarg. Fruit subglobose to slightly obovoid, green becoming reddish,
about 15 mm. diameter. Leaves sometimes slightly villous.
ambitiosa Sarg. Fruit obovoid, crimson, green blotched, with dark dots,
mm. diameter. Leaves sometimes slightly villous.

102 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou. v1

amoena Sarg. Fruit subglobose to short-oblong, dark red, 10-12 mm.
diameter.

aristata Sarg. Fruit subglobose, bright red, 10-12 mm. diameter.

ater Ashe. Fruit oblong to obovoid, dark dull red mottled with green or
olive, 10-12 mm. diameter.

austera Sarg. Fruit subglobose, dull green or reddish, 10-12 mm. diameter.

bellatula Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, green turning red, about 10 mm.

diameter.
bona Sarg. Fruit depressed-globose, angular, dark olive-green or spotted
with russet and orange, 12-14 mm. diameter.

bronxensis Sarg. Fruit subglobose, apple-green, dark dotted, 10-12 mm.
diameter. Leaves sometimes villous or scabrous.

casta eid Fruit obovoid, bright cherry-red, pale dotted, 8-10 mm.
diam

Sie = Fruit subglobose, angled, orange-red, pale dotted,

—14 mm. diameter. Leaves sometimes slightly villous.

comata Sarg. Fruit depressed-globose, bright green becoming light cherry-
red, about 16 mm. diameter. Leaves sometimes slightly villous
above.

Crawfordiana Sarg. Fruit oval to pyriform-oval, dark orange-red blotched
with yellow-green, pale dotted, 10-12 mm. diameter.

denudata Sarg. Fruit subglobose to ovoid-globose, russet-green to dark
purplish red, 10-13 mm. diameter.

festiva Sarg. Fruit subglobose, dull red, 10-11 mm. diameter.

fusca Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, dull brown, 10-12 mm. diameter.

gaudens Sarg. Fruit pyriform, angled, deep orange-red, pale dotted,
11-14 mm. diameter

georgiana Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, dull russet-green, 10-13 mm. diameter.

gracilis Sarg. Fruit depressed-globose, green tinged with red or orange,
about 10 mm. diameter.

horridula Sarg. Fruit obovoid, green becoming dull red, dark dotted,
about 10 mm. diameter.

Howeana Sarg. Fruit globose to depressed-globose, reddish-green to
bright scarlet, 13-15 mm. (or often less) in diameter.

immanis Ashe. Fruit ‘“‘discoid,’’ (or subglobose) bright green, crimson
spotted, 13-16 mm. diameter.

Kellermanii Sarg. Fruit subglobose, red tinged with green, 14-18 mm.
(or less) diameter.

latiflora an Fruit short-oblong, vermilion, pale dotted, 8-9 mm.
diamet

obstipa =i Fruit obconic, crimson, pale dotted, 10-12 mm. diameter.

pallescens Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, cardinal-red, pale dotted, 10-12
mm. diameter.

parvula Sarg. Fruit ovoid to slightly obovoid, crimson, pale dotted,

2 mm. diameter

1925] PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 103

pellecta Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to subglobose, dark red, 12-14 mm.
diameter.

pequotorum Sarg. Fruit short-obovoid, dark crimson with dark lenticles,
11-13 mm. diameter.

pilosa Sarg. Fruit subglobose to broadly ovoid, dull dark crimson, 8-10
mm. diameter. Leaves sometimes slightly villous.

quinebaugensis Sarg. Fruit oblong or slightly obovoid, light red or
purplish, 8-9 mm. diameter.

Ruthiana Sarg. Fruit depressed-globose or short-oblong, bright apple-
green, turning red, about 10 mm. diameter. Leaves sometimes
slightly villous.

scitula Sarg. Fruit subglobose, crimson, pale dotted, 9-11 mm. diameter.

sitiens Ashe. Fruit obovoid, green mottled with russet, 12-14 mm. (or
less) diameter.

torta Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, angled, light yellow or russet-green,
dark dotted, 8-11 mm. diameter.

tumida Sarg. Fruit subglobose, dull crimson, 14-15 mm. diameter.

viatica Ashe. Fruit globose, dull green mottled with pink and russet,
about 15 mm. (or less) diameter.

virella Ashe. Fruit depressed-globose, yellowish-green blotched with
pink, olive or russet, about 13 mm. diameter. Leaves sometimes
slightly pubescent.

Wilmorensis Sarg. Fruit subglobose to short-oblong, green becoming
reddish, 10-12 mm. diameter.

DD. Leaves at flowering time scabrous or pubescent

advena Sarg. Leaves sometimes glabrous. Fruit characters as given
above,

ambitiosa Sarg. Leaves sometimes nearly or quite glabrous. Fruit
characters as given above.

bronxensis Sarg. Leaves sometimes nearly glabrous. Fruit characters
as given above.

Clintoniana Sarg. Leaves sometimes glabrous or nearly so. Fruit char-
acters as given above.

comata Sarg. Leaves sometimes nearly or quite glabrous. Fruit char-
acters as given above.

decorata Sarg. Fruit depressed-globose or short-oblong, angled, dark
red, dark dotted, 8-10 mm. diameter.

pelacris Sarg. Fruit subglobose to obovoid, green becoming red, 10-12
mm. diameter.

pilosa Sarg. Young leaves sometimes nearly or quite glabrous. Fruit
characters as given above.

platycarpa Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, angled, dull red, dark dotted, 10-
12 mm. diameter. Leaves sometimes nearly glabrous.

Ruthiana Sarg. Leaves sometimes nearly or quite glabrous. Fruit
characters as given above.

104 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v1

virella Ashe. Leaves sometimes glabrous. Fruit characters as given above.
CC. — of flowering branches broader, mostly rounded, truncate or cordate
at bas

D. oe at flowering time glabrous or near!

amplifica Sarg. Fruit depressed-globose, light eniaelion to dark
russet, 10-12 mm. diameter.

angulata Sarg. Fruit depressed-ovoid, pentagonal, “i prcmri iad
becoming dark purplish-red, dark dotted, 15-16 mm. diamete

arcana Beadle. Fruit subglobose, obtusely angled, a or ruddy, 12-15
mm. diameter.

beata Sarg. Fruit oblong to oblong-obovoid, crimson, pale dotted, 9-16
mm. diameter.

bracteata Sarg. Fruit subglobose, crimson, pale dotted, 12-14 mm.
diameter.

calliantha Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, angled, pink, about 10 mm. diameter.

comparata Sarg. Fruit obovoid to oval, crimson, 9-10 mm. diameter.

confragosa Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to obovoid, scarlet, dark dotted,
about 10 mm. (or more) diameter.

dunmorensis Sarg. Fruit obovoid, green becoming dull red, 10-12 mm.
(or more) diameter.

Gattingeri Ashe. Fruit globular, dark red, 8-11 mm. diameter.

leiophylla Sarg. Fruit obovoid, dark green becoming bright red, 12-14
mm. diameter. (Anthers described as pale yellow, but apparently
through error.)

Lennoniana Sarg. Fruit ovoid to oblong, dark crimson, pale dotted, 8-

mm. diameter.

Mackenzii Sarg. (?) Fruit subglobose to short-oblong, green becoming
lurid red, 10-12 mm. diameter. Color of anthers unknown.

macrocalyx Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, slightly angled, red, pale dotted,

2 mm. diameter.

oblita Sarg. Fruit obovoid, crimson, pale dotted, 9-10 mm. a

perampla Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, dull red, 10-12 mm. diamet

philadelphica Sarg. Fruit depressed-globose, green, dark dotted, “10-15
mm. diameter.

prominens Sarg. Fruit broad-obovoid or short-oblong, green with purplish
cheek, 12-14 mm. diameter.

pruinosa K. Koch. Fruit subglobose, green becoming red, 10-12 mm.
diameter.

ramosa Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to oval, red, punctate, 10-11 mm.
diameter.

rubicundula Sarg. Fruit subglobose or depressed-globose, green becoming
red tinged, pale dotted, 13-14 mm. diameter.

seclusa Sarg. Fruit subglobose, angled, light orange-red blotched with
green, 13-15 mm. (or less) diameter.

seducta Sarg. Fruit depressed-globose, green blotched with red, 10-11
mm. diameter.

1925] PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 105

D. Leaves at flowering time villous beneath
aspera Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to subglobose, scarlet, 10-12 mm. diam-
eter.
AA. Anthers oe cream or yellow
B. Stamens t 10
C. Pee of flowering branches mostly cuneate or narrowed at base (on vigor
ous shoots rounded to truncate, Say subcordate)
D. Leaves at flowering time glabrous
brachypoda Sarg. Fruit sash green, red tinged, becoming dull red,
mm. diameter.
delawarensis Sarg. Fruit subglobose, dark red, 11-12 mm. diameter.
rara Sarg. Fruit depressed-globose, dull dark red, 12-14 mm. diameter.
DD. Leaves at flowering time scabrous or pubescent
inusitula Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, dull greenish-red, pale dotted, about
10 mm. diameter. Leaves scabrate above.
sicca Sarg. Fruit subglobose to short-oblong, becoming light orange-
yellow, pale dotted, about 10 mm. diameter. Leaves more or less
villous above.
C. Leaves of flowering branches broader, mostly rounded to truncate at base
on vigorous shoots cordate), at flowering time glabrous
depressa Ashe. (?) Color of anthers unknown. Fruit characters as given
above

BB. Stamens about 20 (15-20)
C. Leaves of fruiting branches mostly cuneate or narrowed at base (on vigor-
ous shoots rounded or truncate, rarely subcordate)
D. Leaves at flowering time glabrous
ambitiosa Sarg. Fruit obovoid, crimson blotched with green, pale dotted,
mm. (or more) diameter. Anthers described as yellow faintly
tinged with pink in bud.
aperta Sarg. Fruit subglobose, dull green, red tinged, about 10 mm.
diameter.
bedfordensis Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to slightly obovoid, green turning
pale red, dark dotted, 8-10 mm. diameter.
caerulescens Sarg. Fruit obovoid, dull red, 7-8 mm. diameter.
callida Beadle. Fruit depressed-globose, green and red or russet and
, 8-10 mm. diameter.
callosa Sarg. Fruit globose or depressed-globose, green becoming dark
red or cardinal, blotched and punctate with dark olive-green or
russet, 13-16 mm. diameter.
cestrica Sarg. Fruit subglobose to obovoid, dark crimson, dark dotted,
-15 mm. diameter.
cognata Sarg. Fruit pyriform or oblong (or depressed-globose), 12-14
mm. diameter.
conjuncta Sarg. Fruit subglobose or depressed-globose, dull orange-red
blotched with green, dark dotted, about 10 mm. diameter.
duracina els Fruit subglobose to slightly obovoid, red blotched witb
mm. diameter.

106 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vVoL. v1

Ferrissii Ashe. Fruit oblong or pyriform, crimson, 8-13 mm. diameter.

formosa Sarg. Fruit oblong to slightly obovoid, scarlet with pale lenticles,
about 10 mm. diameter.

glareosa Ashe. Fruit globose, bright scarlet, about 15 mm. diameter.
Leaves sometimes slightly villous beneath.

insueta Sarg. Fruit pyriform, dull green tinged with red, 9-10 mm.
diameter.

latifrons Sarg. Fruit subglobose to short-oblong, dark red, green blotched,
14-15 mm. diameter.

latisepala Ashe. Fruit obovoid, dull green becoming crimson, dark
dotted, 9-12 mm. diameter.

littoralis Sarg. Fruit obovoid, dark crimson, 10-11 mm. diameter.

longipedunculata Sarg. Fruit obovoid, dark green, red tinged, dark dotted,
—-10 mm. diameter.

magnifolia Sarg. Fruit subglobose, angled, dull red with dark blotches,
about 15 mm. (or less) diameter.

onusta Ashe. Fruit globose, dark red, 14-16 mm. (or less) diameter.

perjucunda Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to ovoid, orange-red becoming
crimson, dark dotted, 10-12 mm. diameter.

Porteri Britton. Fruit pyriform or short-oblong, crimson, dark dotted,
9-10 mm. diameter.

rubro-lutea Sarg. Fruit subglobose or obovoid, light orange-red, dark
dotted, 12-15 mm. diameter.

russata Sarg. Fruit obovoid, pale red, about 10 mm. diameter.

rustica Beadle. Fruit subglobose, obtusely angled and swelled below
middle, red and green, becoming dull red, 7-11 mm. diameter.

Shaferi Ashe. Fruit subglobose, dark red or green mottled, 14-16 mm.
(or less) diameter.

tribulosa Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to subglobose, dull green, red tinged,
about 10 mm. diameter.

uplandia Sarg. Fruit subglobose to short-oblong or slightly obovoid,
dark deep red, pale dotted, 14-15 mm. diameter.

vicinalis Beadle. Fruit pyriform, red or ruddy, 9-12 mm. diameter.

DD. Leaves at flowering time more or less villous or pubescent

ellipticifolia Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to subglobose, dull red, about 10
mm. diameter.

ingrata Ashe. Fruit subglobose, dull red, 12-14 mm. diameter.

lecta Sarg. Fruit obovoid, light yellow-green, becoming red, 13-15 mm.
diameter.

locuplesSarg. Fruit subglobose, dull green, red tinged, 12-14 mm. diameter.
CC. Leaves of flowering branches broader, mostly rounded or truncate (on
vigorous shoots cordate); glabrous at flowering time

augusta Sarg. Fruit pyriform or at maturity globose or depressed-
globose, angled, red or crimson or blotched with olive-green, 10-14
mm. diameter.

1925) PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 107

incompta Sarg. Fruit subglobose or depressed-globose, dull red, pale
otted, about 10 mm. diameter.

jejuna Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to ovoid, angled, dull green, 7-8 mm.
diameter

Mackenzii Se (?) Color of anthers unknown. Fruit characters as
given above.

patrum Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to slightly obovoid, dull green, dark
dotted, 8-10 mm. diameter

IX. Coccineae

A. eee red, pink, ig or purple (AA see p. 109)
B. Stamens about 10 (5-10)

aD: Che mbs at flowering time glabrous or nearly so

cristata on Fruit globose or pyriform, scarlet or darker, 15-20 mm.
diameter. Corymbs sometimes slightly villous.

delecta Sarg. Fruit subglobose to slightly obovoid, scarlet becoming
purple, 18-20 mm. diameter. Corymbs sometimes slightly villous.

fretalis Sarg. Fruit oblong to obovoid, crimson, about 10 mm. diameter.

Holmesiana Ashe. Fruit obovoid to ellipsoid, crimson, dark dotted,
8-11 mm. diameter. Corymbs villous in varieties

Letchworthiana Sarg. Fruit obovoid, scarlet, pale dovied., 10-11 mm.
diameter.

neofaxonii Sarg. Fruit obovate, bright cherry-red, pale dotted, 10-12
mm. diameter.

pedicellata Sarg. Fruit oblong, bright scarlet with dark lenticles, 12-18
mm. diameter.

polita Sarg. Fruit subglobose to short-oblong, rarely broadly obovoid,
bright cherry-red blotched with green or yellow, dark dotted, 9-11

m. diameter.
Thayeri Sarg. Fruit subglobose to short-oblong or obovoid, orange-red
with ae lenticles, 8-10 mm. diameter.

DD. Corymbs at flowering time villous or pubesce

acclivis Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, yellowish-red, ie dotted, about 12
mm. (or more) diameter.

arcuata Ashe. Fruit oblong-globular, scarlet or mottled with orange and
russet, 11-13 mm. diameter.

assurgens Sarg. Fruit oblong or slightly obovoid, dull red or crimson,

mm. diameter. Stamens sometimes 20.

aulica Sarg. Fruit short-oblong or slightly obovoid, orange-red with
pale lenticles, about 15 mm. diameter.

Burkeana Sarg. Fruit subglobose to short-oblong or slightly obovoid,
crimson, pale dotted, 10-12 mm. diameter.

caesa Ashe. Fruit subglobose or oblong, bright scarlet, 12 mm. diameter.

confinis Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, scarlet, pale dotted, 8-9 mm. diameter.

cristata Ashe. Corymbs usually glabrous. Fruit characters as given above.

108 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v1

delecta Sarg. Corymbs sometimes glabrous. Fruit characters as given
above.
Eamesii Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to slightly ovoid, bright cherry-red,
dark dotted, 18-20 mm. diameter.
elongata Sarg. Fruit oblong-obovoid, crimson, pale dotted, about 8 mm.
diameter.
fluviatilis Sarg. Fruit oblong, rarely obovoid, crimson, 8-10 mm. diameter.
Holmesiana var. tardipes Sarg. Fruit as in species.
lenta Ashe. Fruit pyriform, scarlet, 10-14 mm. diameter.
lobulata Sarg. hi oblong, bright crimson with pale lenticles, about
10 mm. diamete
Pringlei Sarg. Fruit ‘oblong, dark dull red with pale lenticles, 15-16 mm.
diameter.
pura Sarg. Fruit oval to slightly obovoid, bright orange-red, dark dotted,
mm. diameter
sejuncta Sarg. Fruit subglobose to oval, crimson, pale dotted, 13-15
mm. (or less) diameter.
sertata Sarg. Fruit subglobose to slightly oe bright red becoming
crimson, pale dotted, 10-14 mm. diamete
uticaensis Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, scarlet, ae dotted, 12-13 mm.
jameter.
vivida Sarg. Fruit obovoid, dull orange-red blotched with yellow, 9-10
mm. diameter.
BB. Stamens about 20 (15-20)
D. Corymbs at flowering time glabrous or nearly so
contigua Sarg. Fruit oblong to obovoid, scarlet, pale dotted, 8-10 mm.
diameter.
limosa Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, crimson, pale dotted, 8-10 mm. diameter.
Sorymbs often slightly villous
magniflora Sarg. Fruit short-obovoid, scarlet, pale dotted, about 14 mm.
diameter.
miranda Sarg. Fruit obovoid, scarlet, pale dotted, about 10 mm. diameter.
illicebrosa Sarg. Fruit obovoid, crimson, pale dotted, 12-13 mm. diameter.
Putnamiana Sarg. Fruit depressed-globose, green turning red, punctate,
about 15 mm. diameter.
splendida Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to obovoid, crimson, pale dotted,
9-10 mm. diameter.
D. Corymbs at flowering time villous or pubescent
assurgens Sarg. Stamens sometimes 10. Fruit characters as given above.
chippewaensis Sarg. Fruit oblong-obovoid, crimson, dark dotted, 10-16
mm. diameter.
Dayana Sarg. Fruit obovoid, crimson, pale dotted, 15-18 mm. diameter.
Gilbertiana Sarg. Fruit obovoid, crimson, pale dotted, 13-15 mm.
diameter.
Hillii Sarg. Fruit obovoid, crimson, pale dotted, 10-12 mm. diameter.

1925} PALMER SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 109

limosa Sarg. Corymbs sometimes glabrous or nearly so. Fruit characters
as given above.
Macounii Sarg. Fruit oblong-obovoid, scarlet mottled with green, 10-12
mm. diameter.
neolondinensis Sarg. Fruit obovoid to short-oblong, bright red, pale
dotted, 13-18 mm. diameter.
steubenensis Sarg. Fruit obovoid, scarlet, pale dotted, 9-10 mm. diameter.
AA. Anthers white, cream or yellow
B. Stamens about 10 (5-10). Corymbs at flowering time villous or pubescent
perrara Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to slightly obovoid, crimson, pale
dotted, 10-12 mm. diameter.
BB. Stamens about 20. Corymbs at flowering time villous or pubescent
conspecta Sarg. Fruit subglobose to short-oblong, crimson, pale dotted,
about 18 mm. diameter.
irrasa Sarg. Fruit oblong, dark red, pale dotted, about 10 mm. diameter.

X. Molles
A. Anthers red, pink or rose
. Stamens about 10
C. Leaves of flowering branches mostly cuneate or rounded at base (on vigor-
ous shoots truncate or subcordate)
anomala Sarg. Fruit obovoid to oblong, crimson with pale lenticles,
15-20 mm. diameter.
digna Sarg. Fruit globose to slightly oblong, scarlet dotted with yellow
or orange, 12-14 mm. diameter.
Greggiana Egglest. Fruit globose, brick-red, 10-12 mm. diameter.
noelensis Sarg. Fruit subglobose, orange-red, about 10 mm. diameter.
Tracyi Ashe. Fruit scarlet, subglobose, 10-15 mm. diameter.
urbica Sarg. Fruit pyriform, becoming subglobose to short-oblong, crimson,
pale dotted, 10-15 mm. diameter.
CC. Leaves of flowering branches broader, mostly rounded, truncate or cordate
at base (on vigorous shoots cordate)
Ellwangeriana Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, crimson, 15-20 mm. diameter.
exclusa Sarg. Fruit oblong, rarely ovoid, bright cherry-red, dark dotted,
about 13 mm. diameter.
Huntiana Sarg. Fruit obovoid, scarlet, dark dotted, 16-18 mm. diameter.
Jauta Sarg. Fruit oblong or short-oblong, bright orange-red, dark dotted,
15-18 mm. diameter.
pennsylvanica Ashe. Fruit globular or oblong, dull red mottled with
green, russet and scarlet, 15-20 mm. diameter.
Robesoniana Sarg. Fruit oblong, bright scarlet, pale dotted, 10-15 mm.
diameter.
BB. Stamens about 20
C. Leaves of flowering branches mostly cuneate or rounded at base (on vigor-
ous shoots truncate or subcordate)
amabilis Ashe. Fruit globose, bright scarlet or red, about 20 mm. diam-
eter. Color of anthers unknown.

110 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v1

dispessa Ashe. Fruit pyriform or obovoid, bright cherry-red, 10-15 mm.
diameter.

gravida Beadle. Fruit depressed-globose, red, 12-15 mm. diameter.
Leaves sometimes broader, subcordate on shoots

induta Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, crimson or reddish-yellow, pale dotted,
18-20 mm. diameter.

lanuginosa Sarg. Fruit subglobose to short-oblong, dark crimson, pale
dotted, 10-12 mm. (or larger) diameter. Leaves sometimes broader,
subcordate on shoots.

Kelloggii Sarg. Fruit subglobose to short-oval, bright yellow with pale
lenticles, about 20 mm. diameter.

quercina Ashe. Fruit subglobose, dark red, pale dotted, 10-15 mm.
diameter.

radians Sarg. Fruit short-oblong or obovoid, crimson, pale dotted, 16-18
mm. diameter.

texana Buckley. Fruit obovoid to short-oblong, bright scarlet, 12-18
mm. diameter.
CC. Leaves of eipebadoe branches broader, rounded to subcordate at base (on
vigorous shoots co

brachyphylla Sarg. Fruit subglobose, dull dark red, 10-14 mm. diam-
eter.

corusca Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to obovoid, dark cherry-red, pale
dotted, 12-15 mm. diameter.

dasyphylla Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, crimson, pale dotted, 18-20 mm.
diameter

Fulleriana Saag Fruit short-oblong, scarlet, pale dotted, about 12 mm.

iameter.

gravida Beadle. Leaves sometimes narrowed at base. Fruit characters
as given above.

lanuginosa Sarg. Leaves sometimes narrowed at base. Fruit characters
as given above.

nupera Ashe. (?) Fruit globular or slightly oblong, dark red, 13-15 mm.
diameter. Color of anthers unknown

placens Sarg. Fruit obovoid, scarlet, 10-12 mm. diamete

valens Ashe. (?) Fruit subglobose, bright red, i: mm. diameter.
Color of anthers unknown

venosa Ashe. (?) Fruit “isbn or subglobose, bright red, 15-18 mm.
diameter. Color of anthers unknown.

verna Ashe. (?) Fruit subglobose, dark red, 16-18 mm. diameter. Color
of anthers unknown

vesca Ashe. (?) Fruit subglobose, scarlet, 18-24 mm. diameter. Color
of anthers unknown.

AA. Anthers white, cream or yellow

tamens about 10

C. Leaves of aaa branches mostly narrowed or rounded at base (on vigor-
ous shoots truncate to subcordate

1925] PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 111

Arnoldiana Sarg. Fruit subglobose, bright crimson with pale lenticles,
15-20 mm. diameter.

champlainensis Sarg. Fruit obovoid to oblong, bright scarlet with pale
lenticles, 15-20 mm. diameter. Leaves sometimes broader.

submollis Sarg. Fruit obovoid, bright orange-red, 15-20 mm. diameter.

Tracyi Ashe. Fruit subglobose, deep scarlet, 8-12 mm. diameter.

uvaldensis Sarg. Fruit subglobose to short-oblong, orange-red, 12-14
mm. diameter.
CC. Leaves of flowering branches broader, mostly rounded to subcordate at
base (on vigorous shoots cordate)

champlainensis Sarg. Leaves often narrowed at base. Fruit characters
as given above.

contortifolia Sarg. Fruit subglobose to short-oblong, bright cherry-red,
about 15 mm. diameter.

Tatnalliana Sarg. Fruit globose, obovoid or rarely oblong, bright orange-
red, pale dotted, 10-12 mm. diameter.

BB. Stamens about 20

C. Leaves of flowering branches mostly narrowed or rounded at base (on vigor-
ous shoots truncate or subcordate

amabilis Ashe. (?) Color of anthers unknown. Fruit characters as given
above.

arkansana Sarg. Fruit oblong or rarely obovoid, bright crimson with
ark lenticels, 13-18 mm. diameter.

Berlandieri Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to subglobose, scarlet, 10-16 mm.
diameter.

canadensis Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to subglobose, crimson with pale
lenticles, 10-15 mm. diameter.

cibaria Beadle. Fruit short-oblong to obovoid, red, 12-15 mm. diameter.

dumetosa Sarg. Fruit obovoid, scarlet, dark dotted, 10-15 mm. diameter.

invisa Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, orange-red, pale dotted, 10-12 mm.
diameter.

limaria Sarg. Fruit oval to ovoid or short-oblong, crimson, pale dotted,
12-14 mm. diameter. Leaves sometimes broad-based.

meridionalis Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to subglobose, scarlet, 10-12 mm.

iameter

mollipes Sarg. Fruit obovoid, scarlet, pale dotted, 8-9 mm. diameter.
Leaves sometimes broader-based.

obtecta Ashe. Fruit pyriform, dark red, 12-15 mm. diameter.

Ridgwayi Sarg. Fruit subglobose or short-oblong, scarlet, 10-12 mm.
diameter.

sera Sarg. Fruit obovoid or short-oblong, dull dark red, pale dotted,
12-20 mm. diameter.

Treleasei Sarg. Fruit subglobose, crimson, pale dotted, 12-17 mm.
diameter.

umbrosa Sarg. Fruit obovoid to subglobose, scarlet, pale dotted, about
10 mm. diameter.

112 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou. v1

viburnifolia Sarg. Fruit subglobose, bright canary-yellow, 15-20 mm.
diameter.
CC. Leaves of flowering pion broader, mostly rounded to subcordate at
base (on vigorous shoots cordate

altrix Ashe. Fruit globose, bright red, 13-18 mm. diamete

cibilis Ashe. Fruit depressed-globose, dark red, 12-15 mm. "inden

declivitatis Sarg. Fruit subglobose to short-oblong, dull red, 12-13 mm.

iameter.

lanigera Sarg. Fruit obovoid, crimson, 10-11 mm. diameter

lasiantha Sarg. Fruit oval or subglobose, crimson, pale dotted, about 12
mm. diameter.

limaria Sarg. aia sometimes narrowed at base. Fruit characters as

given abov
macrophylla an Fruit oval, crimson, pale dotted, 15-16 mm. (or more)
diameter.
mollipes Sarg. Leaves sometimes narrowed at base. Fruit characters as
iven above.

mollis Scheele. Fruit short-oblong to subglobose, scarlet, dark dotted,
25 mm. diameter
nupera Ashe. (?) Color of anthers unknown. Fruit characters as given
above

nutans Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to subglobose or slightly obovoid, orange-
red with dark lenticles, 10-12 mm. diameter.

redolens Ashe. Fruit globose, dark red, 15-20 mm. diameter.

valens Ashe. (?) Color of anthers unknown. Fruit characters as given

above.
venosa Ashe. (?) Color of anthers unknown. Fruit characters as given

above.

verna Ashe. (?) Color of anthers unknown. Fruit characters as given
above.

vesca Ashe. (?) Color of anthers unknown. Fruit characters as given
above.

XI. Dilatatae

Anthers ea rose or purple. Stamens about 20
Leaves of flowering branches mostly narrowed at base, glabrous or nearly

iis Sarg. Fruit globose, crimson, pale dotted, about 16 mm.
iameter.
hudsonica Sarg. Fruit subglobose, crimson, 16-18 mm. diameter.
suborbiculata Sarg. Fruit subglobose, dull red blotched with green,
12-15 mm. diameter.
AA. Leaves of flowering branches mostly truncate to cordate
B. Leaves at flowering time glabrous or nearly so; corymbs glabrous
coccinioides Ashe. Fruit subglobose, dark crimson, pale dotted, 15-20
mm. diameter.

1925] PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 118
BB. Leaves at flowering time short villous above; corymbs more or less

ous
dilatata Sarg. Fruit subglobose, bright scarlet, 18-20 mm. diameter.

XII. Rotundifoliae

A. Anthers pink, rose or purple (AA see p. 114)
B. Stamens about 10 (5-10)
C. Corymbs at flowering time glabrous or nearly so
Bicknellii Egglest. Fruit globose, red, 10-12 mm. diameter.
cernua Ashe. Fruit oblong, crimson, 13-14 mm. diameter.
chateaugayensis Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to oval, scarlet, pale dotted,
8-10 mm. diameter.
dacrioidea Sarg. Fruit obovoid, orange-red, pale dotted, 10-12 mm.
iameter.
Harryi Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to slightly obovoid, cherry-red, pale
dotted, 8-9 mm. diameter.
propria Sarg. Fruit oblong or slightly ovoid, scarlet, pale dotted, 7-8
mm. diameter.
spissa Sarg. Fruit subglobose to oval, scarlet, pale dotted, 7-9 mm. diam-
eter.
Williamsii Egglest. (?) Fruit globose, red, 8-10 mm. diameter. Color of
anthers unknown.
CC. Corymbs at flowering time villous or pubescent
Fernaldii Sarg. Fruit obovoid, bright scarlet, 9-10 mm. diameter.
illuminata Sarg. (?) Fruit oval to subglobose, bright cherry-red, 7-8 mm.
diameter. Color of anthers unknown.
Jonesae Sarg. Fruit oblong to oblong-obovoid, dark carmine red, punctate,
12-15 mm. diameter.
Kennedyi Sarg. Fruit slender-obovoid, crimson, 7-8 mm. diameter.
lemingtonensis Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, scarlet, pale dotted, 8-9 mm.
diameter.
maligna Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, crimson, pale dotted, 9-10 mm. diam-
eter.
praecoqua Sarg. Fruit subglobose, dark crimson, 10-15 mm. diameter.
Proctoriana Sarg. Fruit subglobose, crimson, pale dotted, 10-12 mm.
iameter.
puberis Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, orange-red, pale dotted, 9-10 mm.
diameter.
verrucalis Peck. Fruit subglobose to short-oblong, scarlet, 8-10 mm.
diameter.
Websteri Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, bright cherry-red, pale dotted, 8-10
mm. diameter.
BB. Stamens about 20 (15-20)
. Corymbs at flowering time glabrous or nearly so
Brainerdii Sarg. Fruit oblong, bright scarlet, 8-10 mm. diameter.
kingstonensis Sarg. Fruit subglobose, dark red, about 15 mm. diameter.

114 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v1

meiophylla Sarg. Fruit subglobose, dark red, about 10 mm. diameter.
orymbs sometimes slightly villous.

neobaxteri Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, rich deep red, pale dotted, 10-12
mm. diameter.

neosmithii Sarg. Fruit subglobose, light green becoming russet, 16-17
mm. diameter.

scopulorum Sarg. Fruit qpeeinisy to slightly obovoid, orange-red,
pale dotted, 8-10 mm. diameter
CC. Corymbs at flowering time villous or pubescent

Blanchardii Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, dark cherry-red, 10-12 mm.
diameter.

Evansiana Sarg. Fruit subglobose to short-oblong, scarlet, 10-13 mm.
diameter.

insolens Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, scarlet, 8-10 mm. diamet

mansfieldensis Sarg. Fruit broad-obovoid or subglobose, ie. ~ 8-10
mm. diameter.

meiophylla Sarg. Corymbs sometimes nearly or quite glabrous. Fruit
characters as given above.

AA. Anthers white, cream or yellow

B. Stamens about 10 (5-10
. Corymbs at flowering time glabrous or nearly so

Dodgei Ashe. Fruit depressed-globose, dull crimson or orange, 10-15
mm. diameter.

crassifolia Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, orange-red, pale dotted, 10-11 mm.
diameter

grossa Sarg. Fruit subglobose to short-oblong, dull orange-red, 8-10
m. diameter.

illuminata Sarg. (?) Color of anthers unknown. Fruit characters as given
above.

mercerensis Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, orange-red, 10-12 mm. diameter.

repentina Sarg. Fruit subglobose to slightly obovoid, red, 12-13 mm.
diameter. Stamens sometimes 20.

rotundata Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, orange-red blotched with red and
with pale lenticles, 15-20 mm. diameter.

rotundifolia Moench. Fruit subglobose, dark crimson, dark dotted, 8-10
mm. diameter. Corymbs villous in variety.

varians Sarg. Fruit subglobose, dark red blotched with green, pale dotted,

2 mm. diameter. Stamens 10-15.

Williamsii Egglest. (?) Color of anthers unknown. Fruit characters as
given above.
CC. Corymbs at flowering time villous or pubesce

Brunetiana Sarg. Fruit oblong, bright clear red, co dotted, 9-10 mm.
diameter.

caesariata Sarg. Fruit oval or slightly obovoid, dark crimson, dark
dotted, 7-12 mm. diameter.

1925] PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 115

coccinata Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to slightly obovoid, very dark crimson,
pale dotted, 11-12 mm. diameter.

divergens Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to subglobose, scarlet, pale dotted,

5 mm. (or more) diameter. Stamens sometimes 18-20.

Faxonii Sarg. Fruit oblong, dark crimson with pale lenticles, 8-10 mm.
diameter.

Jackii Sarg. Fruit ovoid to oblong, angled, dull dark red, pale dotted,
10-12 mm. diameter.

Keepii Sarg. Fruit oblong, bright clear red, white dotted, 9-10 mm. diam-
eter.

praetermissa Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to ovoid, crimson, pale dotted,

m. diameter.

subrotundifolia Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, crimson, pale dotted, 10-15 mm.

diameter
BB. Stamens about 20 (15-20)

C. Corymbs at flowering time glabrous or nearly so

inaudita Sarg. Fruit subglobose to short-oblong, crimson, pale dotted,
12-14 mm. diameter.

Macauleyae Sarg. Fruit subglobose to short-oblong, dark crimson, pale
dotted, 10-12 mm. diameter.

Margaretta Ashe. Fruit subglobose, reddish or orange, about 10 mm.
diameter. Corymbs sometimes slightly villous.

Maribella Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, crimson, pale dotted, 9-10 mm.
diameter.

repentina Sarg. Stamens sometimes only 10. Fruit characters as given

varians Sarg. Stamens usually about 10. Fruit characters as given above.
CC. Corymbs at flowering time villous or pubescent

divergens Sarg. Stamens sometimes only 10. Fruit characters as given
above.

Margaretta Ashe. Corymbs usually glabrous. Fruit characters as given
above

noveboracensis Sarg. Fruit oe to short-oblong, crimson, pale
otted, about 10 mm. diamete

ee adie Fruit oni és oblong, yellowish-red, about 10

. diameter
XIII. Microcarpae

A. Anthers pink or rose; stamens about 20

aplifolia Michx. Fruit short-oblong, bright scarlet, 4-5 mm. diameter.
Leaves pubescent, deeply lobed.

Phaenopyrum Medic. Fruit subglobose, scarlet, 4-6 mm. diameter.
Leaves glabrous, slightly lobed.

AA. Anthers cream or yellow; stamens about 2

spathulata Michx. Fruit subglobose, bright scarlet, 4-5 mm. diameter.
Leaves narrow, spatulate.

116 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v1

Youngii Sarg. Fruit globose to subglobose, scarlet, 5-7 mm. diameter,
Leaves broadly ovate or deltoid in outline.

XIV. Flavae
A. Anthers pink, = or purple (AA see p. 117)
tamens about
Leaves at dowering time glabrous or near]
alleghaniensis Beadle. Fruit ukemi red, 8-12 mm. diameter,
frugiferens Beadle. Fruit globose or subglobose, red, 9-13 mm. diameter.
Leaves sometimes slightly villous.
CC, Leaves at flowering time villous or pubescent
frugiferens Beadle. Leaves usually glabrous or nearly so. Fruit char-
acters as given above
villaris Beadle. (?) Fruit pyriform, yellow or orange-yellow flushed with
red, 8-11 mm. diameter. Floral characters unknown.
BB. Stamens about 20 (15-20)
C. Leaves at flowering time glabrous or nearly so
adunca Beadle. Fruit globose, red, 12-15 mm. diameter.
clara Beadle. Fruit globose, orange-red, 9-12 mm. diameter. Leaves
at flowering time sometimes slightly villous.
extraria Beadle. Fruit subglobose or oval, red, 9-12 mm. diameter.
ignava Beadle. Fruit globose or subglobose, red or orange-red, 8-12
m. diameter.
limata Beadle. Fruit globose, red, 10-13 mm. diameter.
quaesila Beadle. Fruit subglobose or slightly pyriform, red and orange,
8-11 mm. diameter. Young leaves sometimes slightly villous.
sodalis Beadle. (?) Fruit pyriform, orange-red, 8-12 mm. diameter.
Leaves sometimes slightly villous. Color of anthers unknown.
valida Beadle. Fruit subglobose, color not given, 12-15 mm. diameter.
CC. Leaves at flowering time villous or pubescent
arrogans Beadle. Fruit short-oval to slightly pyriform, red, 9-10 mm.

clara Beadle. Leaves usually nearly glabrous at flowering time. Fruit
characters as given above.

colonica Beadle. (?) Fruit pyriform, orange-red, 10-13 mm. diameter.
Color of anthers unknown.

condigna Beadle. Fruit subglobose or pyriform, red or orange and green-
ish, 6-8 mm. diameter.

consanguinea Beadle. Fruit globose to depressed-globose, red, 9-12 mm.
diameter.

egregia Beadle. Fruit subglobose, orange or flushed with red, 10-12 mm.
diameter.

flava Ait. Leaves at flowering time sometimes nearly glabrous. Fruit
characters as given above.

illudens Beadle. (?) Fruit pyriform, yellow, 8-11 mm. diameter. Color
of anthers unknown.

ee ey ee ee i -

1925] PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 117

invicta Beadle. (?) Fruit pyriform, color not given, 6-8 mm. diameter.
Color of anthers unknown.

lepida Beadle. (?) Fruit subglobose, orange or orange-red, 7-11 nim,
diameter. Color of anthers unknown. }

Michauxii Pers. (?) Fruit subglobose, red or ruddy, 8-12 mm. diameter.
Color of anthers unknown.

munda Beadle. (?) Fruit pyriform, color not given, 7-9 mm. diameter,
Leaves sometimes nearly glabrous. Color of anthers unknown.

pexa Beadle. Fruit globose, color not given, 7-9 mm. diameter. Color
of anthers unknown.

quaesita Beadle. Leaves sometimes glabrous or nearly so. Fruit char-
acters as given above. : |

segnis Beadle. (?) Fruit globose, red, 8-12 mm. diameter. Color of
anthers unknown.

sodalis Beadle. (?) Leaves sometimes nearly glabrous. Color of anthers
unknown. Fruit characters as given above.

tristis Beadle. Fruit short-oval, red or orange-red, 10-12 mm. diameter,

Vicenda Beadle. Fruit pyriform, yellow or flushed with red, 10-12 mm.
diameter

eter.
yadkinensis Ashe. (?) Fruit pyriform or subglobose, dull red or orange,
7-11 mm. diameter. Color of anthers unknown.
Anthers white, cream or yellow

impar Beadle. Fruit oval, red, 10-1$ mm. diameter. Stamens some:
times 15 or more.
CC, Leaves at flowering time villous or pubescent E
‘prica Beadle. Fruit globose, red or orange-red, 9-14 mm. diameter. :
Mira Beadle. Fruit subglobose, color not given, 10-12 spit diameter
Stamens sometimes 15-20. __
BB. Stamens about 20
C. Leaves at flowering time glabrous or nearly so et
abdita Beadle. Fruit globose, red, 10-15 mm. diameter. Leaves sometimes 3
slightly villous
attrita Beadle. Fruit subglobose, yellow, splashed with red, a
er. Leaves sometimes slightly villous

diameter ;
j : - 710 mm. diameter.
talva Beadle. Fruit globose, yellow or orange-red, 7-10 eos

| a Stamens sometimes only * Frait characters 25 2m

ve, Sse |
—— hetimata Beadle. Fruit globose or subglobose, yellow or _—

ted, 8-10 mm. diameter. etimes slightly villous.

- “ilalis Beadle. (?) Leaves at flowering time sometimes slightly

Fruit globose, red or red and yellow, 12-

Color of anthers unknown. Fruit characters a5 © as wean. inset. ,
usually somewhat villous.

118 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v1

teres Beadle. Fruit oblong, red, 8-10 mm. diameter.
CC. Leaves at flowering time villous or pubescent

abdita Beadle. Leaves sometimes glabrous or nearly so. Fruit characters
as given above.

adusta Beadle. Fruit short-pyriform, orange-red, spotted and streaked
with red, 9-11 mm. diameter.

alabamensis Beadle. Fruit oval, red, 10-15 mm. diameter.

amica Beadle. Fruit subglobose, orange, blotched with red, 10-13 mm.
diameter.

— Beadle. Fruit globose or subglobose, orange or orange and

, 68 mm. diameter.

annosa Haadis: Fruit subglobose or oval, orange-red or red and orange,
10-12 mm. diameter.

arguta Beadle. Fruit globose, red, 7-9 mm. diameter.

attrita Beadle. Leaves usually glabrous or nearly so. Fruit characters
as given above.

audens agin a pyriform, orange-yellow flushed with red, 9-12
mm. diam

colonica Beadle. . Color of anthers unknown. Fruit characters as given
above.

cirrata Beadle. Fruit globose or subglobose, red, 7-9 mm. diameter.

compitalis Beadle. Fruit subglobose or oval, red, 10-13 mm. diameter.

constans Beadle. Fruit subglobose or slightly pyriform, bright orange-

, 10-12 mm. diameter

crocea Beadle. Fruit oe dforn, yellow to russet-red, 9-12 mm. diameter.

cullasagensis Ashe. Fruit globular or slightly oblong, dark orange,
mottled with orange-red and crimson, 10-14 mm. diameter.

curva Beadle. Fruit pyriform, orange or orange and red, 6-9 mm. diam-

eter.
dapsilis Beadle. Fruit globose or subglobose, yellow or orange and red,
mm. diameter.

dispar Beadle. Fruit subglobose or oval, red, 7-10 mm. diameter.

dolosa Beadle. Fruit globose or short-oval, yellow or orange, 9-12 mm.
diameter.

egens Beadle. Fruit subglobose or slightly oval, orange-red or orange and
red, 9-11 mm. diameter.

exilis Beadle. Fruit globose or subglobose, red or ruddy, 5-7 mm. diam-
eter.

florens Beadle. Fruit globose, orange-red, 10-15 mm. diameter.

floridana Sarg. Fruit obovoid or short-oblong, bright orange-red, pale
dotted, 7-9 mm. diameter.

frugalis Beadle. Fruit subglobose, red, 7-9 mm. diameter.

furtiva Beadle. Fruit pyriform, orange or orange and red, 7-9 mm.
diameter.

galbana Beadle. Fruit globose, red, 9-13 mm. diameter.

1995] PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 9

a geniculata Ashe. (?) Fruit pyriform, lemon-yellow or orange mottled with

red, 7-12 mm. diameter. Color of anthers unknown.

illudens Beadle. (?) Color of anthers unknown. Fruit characters as
given above.

incana Beadle. Fruit pyriform, orange-yellow or orange and vad. 8-9

inopina Beadle. Fruit pyriform, yellow or orange-yellow and red, 8-11
mm. diameter.
aoe Bede Fruit globose, orange or orange and red, 10-14 mm. diam-

indices Beadle. Fruit oval or subglobose, red, 9-12 mm. diameter.
integra Beadle. Fruit globose, red, 10-15 mm. diameter.
invicta Beadle. (?) Color of anthers unknown. Fruit characters as given

lanata Beadle. Fruit globose, color not given, 8-11 mm. diameter.
Beadle. Fruit pyriform, orange-red, 8-10 mm. diameter. ‘

laxa Beadle. Fruit subglobose or oe red, 7-9 mm. diameter.

kpida Beadle. (?) Color of anthers unknown. Fruit characters as given
above.

meridiana Beadle. Fruit pyriform, orange, yellow or yellow flushed with
red, 7-9 mm. diameter

Michauxii Pers. (?) (agar of anthers unknown. Fruit characters as
given above. : oe

Rage “dongs (?) Color of anthers unknown. Fruit characters as given

panda Beadle Fruit globose or depressed-globose, orange-red or orange
tinged with red, 10-15 mm. diameter.

greg (2) Color of anthers unknown. Fruit characters as given —

s Fruit globose,
a Pa (?) Color of anthers u

~ with red,
rl Beadle Fruit subglobose to oval, orange-yellow flushed
: 12 mm. diameter.
ry iSarg. Fruit a? to short-oblong, bright orange-red, onk
ted, 10-12 mm. diamet ics
Tecurva oo Fruit pvr or short-pyriform, red, 7-9 mm.

mina Hae Fruit pyriform, orange-red, “blotched with red, 9-11 mm.
: ings aes, Fruit short-pyriform, yellow or orange-yellow eee

_ 912 mm. diameter. : as given above.
man ead. ards paagen igor? Fruit charactersas given
Senta Beadle, red, eS ee as given

as given above.

120 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v1

versuta Beadle. Fruit short-pyriform, orange or greenish-yellow and
red, 6-9 mm. diameter.

vicana Beadle. Fruit pyriform or oblong-pyriform, yellow or orange,
blotched with red, 10-14 mm. diameter

yadkinensis Ashe. (?) Color of anthers unknown. Fruit characters as
given above.

XV. Bracteatae
Anthers yellow; stamens about 20 (15-20); corymbs at flowering time villous or

pubescent
Ashei qn Fruit subglobose or short-oval, bright red, 10-14 mm.

diame
Serene oA, Fruit globose, red, 10-13 mm. diameter.

XVI. Triflorae
Anthers white, cream or yellow in this group
. Stamens about 10
wie sata Beadle. Fruit globose, bright red, 12-15 mm. diameter.
AA. Stamens about 20
conjungens Sarg. Fruit subglobose, orange-red, about 10 mm. diameter.
triflora Chapman. Fruit globose, red, 12-15 mm. diameter.

XVII. Uniflorae

A. Anthers pink, rose or purple; stamens about 20

arenicola Ashe. (?) Fruit pyriform, orange or orange-red, 8-10 mm.
diameter. Color of anthers unknown.

bisuleata Ashe. (?) Fruit pyriform, yellow or greenish-yellow, 10-12
mm. diameter. Color of anthers unknown.

— ei Fruit obovoid, yellow or greenish-yellow, 8-9 mm.
diam

rhodella ee Fruit pyriform, orange and red, 8-12 mm. diameter.

raleighensis Ashe. (?) Fruit globular, sia or greenish, 7-9 mm. diam-
eter. Color of anthers unknown

A. Anthers white, cream or yellow; stamens about 2
arenicola Ashe. (?) Color of anthers unknown. Fruit characters as given

above.
armentalis Beadle. Fruit globose, red, about 10 mm. diameter.
bisuleata Ashe. (?) Color of anthers unknown. Fruit characters as given

above.
Brittonii Egglest. Fruit globose or short-pyriform, reddish-brown, 8-12
mm. diameter.
choriophylla Sarg. Fruit subglobose to slightly obovoid, orange-red,
2 mm. diameter.
Earlei Ashe. Fruit pyriform, yellow or greenish-yellow, 7-9 mm. diameter.
gregalis Beadle. Fruit pyriform, red or ruddy, 10-14 mm. diameter.

1925] PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 121

raleighensis Ashe. (?) Color of anthers unknown. Fruit characters as
given above.

Smithii Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, orange or orange-green, about 12 mm.
diameter.

trianthophora Sarg. Fruit obovoid, light orange-red, pale dotted, 8-12
mm. diameter.

uniflora Moench. Fruit subglobose, yellow or greenish-yellow, 10-14
mm. diameter.

XVIII. Aestivales

Anthers red, rose or purple in this grou
. Young leaves and branchlets haus or nearly so

aestivalis T. & G. Fruit short-oblong or eek ee scarlet, 12-15 mm.
diameter.

fruticosa Sarg. Fruit subglobose, light orange-red, pale dotted, about

mm. diameter. Young leaves sometimes slightly villous.

monantha Sarg. Fruit subglobose or short-oblong, cherry-red, 8-10 mm.

diameter. Young leaves sometimes slightly villous.
AA. Young leaves and branchlets villou

fruticosa Sarg. Young leaves usually nearly glabrous. Fruit characters
as given above.

monantha Sarg. Young leaves sometimes slightly villous. Fruit char-
acters as given above.

opaca ae Fruit depressed-globose, scarlet, pale dotted, 15-20 mm.
diamet

rufula Sarg. "Fruit subglobose, scarlet, about 12 mm. diameter.

XIX. wate
Anthers yellow; stamens about 2
brachyacantha Sarg. & Engelm. Fruit subglobose or obovoid, bright
blue (straw-color in var. leucocarpa Sarg.), 12-15 mm. diameter.
saligna Greene. Fruit globose, blue-black, 5-8 mm. diameter.

XX. Douglasianae

A. Anthers pink, rose or purple
Stamens about 10 (5-10)

C. Corymbs and leaves glabrous or nearly so at flowering time

cerronis Nelson. Fruit globose, red, 8-10 mm. diameter.

erythropoda Ashe. Fruit subglobose, red or orange and red, 7-8 mm.
diameter.

Douglasii Lindl. Fruit short-oblong, black (chestnut-color in f. badia
Sarg.), 10-12 mm. diameter. Corymbs sometimes slightly villous.
Stamens sometimes 20.

CC. Corymbs and leaves villous at flowering time

Douglasii Lindl. Corymbs usually glabrous. Fruit characters as given

above. Stamens sometimes 20.

122 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou v1

ee > utt. Fruit short-oblong, crimson, pale dotted, becoming black,
0 mm. diameter.

BB. Stamens about 20
Douglasii Lindl. Stamens sometimes 5-10. Fruit characters as given
above

AA. Anthers white, cream or hil stamens about 10 (5-10); corymbs and
leaves villous at flowering tim
colorado Ashe. Fruit ge oem bright red, 7-8 mm. diameter.
columbiana Howell. Fruit obovoid, scarlet, 8-12 mm. diameter.
Piperi Britton. Fruit spherical or nearly so, coral-red, about 12 mm.
diameter.
XXI. Anomalae
Anthers esa rose or Sarr this group
A. Sta about 10 (5-10)
B. oe ke at Fieri time glabrous or nearly
asperifolia Gast, Fruit oblong, bright scarlet, od 10 mm. diameter.
Corymbs sometimes slightly villous.
Brockwayae Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to slightly obovoid, dark vinous-
purple, 10-12 mm. diameter.
cyclophylla Sarg. Fruit subglobose to short-oblong, orange-red, pale
dotted, about 10 mm. diameter.
Dunbarii Sarg. Fruit subglobose, crimson, dark dotted, 12-14 mm. diam-
eter. Corymbs sometimes slightly villous.
Egglestonii Sarg. Fruit oblong, orange becoming crimson, pale dotted,
about 10 mm. diameter. Corymbs sometimes slightly villous.
floridula Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to obovoid, crimson, 7-8 mm. diameter.
improvisa Sarg. Fruit obovoid-oblong, orange-red, 8-9 mm. diameter.
inopinata Sarg. Fruit subglobose, dark red, pale dotted, 7-9 mm. diameter.
Corymbs sometimes slightly villous.

Knieskerniana Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, scarlet, pale dotted, 10-11
mm. diameter.

scabrida Sarg. Fruit subglobose, scarlet, 8-12 mm. diameter. (Anthers
described as pale yellow, but are pink or purple in specimens.)
BB. Corymbs at flowering time villou

affinis Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, onl or slightly obovoid, orange-red
with pale lenticles, 9-10 mm. diameter

asperifolia Sarg. Corymbs usually glabrous or rn so. Fruit characters
as given above.

Dunbarii Sarg. Corymbs often glabrous or nearly so. Fruit characters as
given above.

Egglestonii Sarg. Corymbs sometimes glabrous or nearly so. Fruit char-
acters as given above.

honesta Sarg. Fruit subglobose, cherry-red, pale dotted, 7-8 mm. di-
ameter.

Ideae Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to subglobose, crimson, pale dotted,
about 10 mm. diameter.

1925] PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 128

inopinata Sarg. Corymbs sometimes nearly glabrous. Fruit characters
as given above

misella Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, crimson, pale dotted, about 10 mm.
diameter.

pinguis Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, crimson, pale dotted, 8-10 mm. diam-
eter:

repulsans Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to subglobose, orange-red, pale dotted,

mm. diameter
AA. Stamens about 20 (15-20)

C. Corymbs at flowering time glabrous or nearly so

brachyloba Sarg. Fruit oo to obovoid, orange-red with pale
lenticles, 8-10 mm. diam

Coleae Sarg. Fruit ie bright orange-red, pale dotted, 8-10
mm. diameter.

errata ae Fruit short-oblong, dark red with pale lenticles, 10-12 mm.

fallsiana Sarg Fruit subglobose, scarlet, pale dotted, 14-15 mm. (or
less) diameter.

putata Sarg. Fruit oval, orange-red, dark dotted, about 8 mm. diameter.

Seelyana Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, dull orange-red, about 7 mm. diameter.

urbana Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, crimson, pale dotted, 9-10 mm. diam-
eter.
CC. Corymbs at flowering time villous

Saundersiana Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, ovoid or depressed-globose,
orange-red, with pale lenticles, about 10 mm. diameter.

shirleyensis Sarg. Fruit subglobose to short-oblong, orange-red, about
10 mm. diameter.

virilis Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to ovoid, scarlet, dark dotted, 8-9 mm.
diameter.

XXII. Macracanthae

A. Anthers pink, rose or purple (AA see p. 127)
tamens about 10 (BB see 12

- Corymbs at sand time glabrous or nearly
bristolensis Sarg. Fruit oval, bright scarlet, oe dotted, 10-12 mm.
diameter.

cupulifera Sarg. Fruit globose to short-oblong, scarlet, dark dotted,
about 10 mm. diameter. Corymbs sometimes slightly villous.

diaphora Sarg. Fruit ovoid, crimson, pale dotted, 13-15 mm. diameter.
Corymbs sometimes slightly villous.

divida Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to subglobose, crimson with pale lenticles,

0-12 mm. diameter.

dumicola Sarg. Fruit subglobose, dark red, pale dotted, about 10 mm.
diameter. Corymbs sometimes slightly villous.

laetifica Sarg. Fruit subglobose to ovoid, crimson, ne dotted, 10-14
mm. (or less) diameter. Stamens sometimes

1% JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v1
nuda Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to subglobose, bright red, about 10 mm.

diameter.
Peckietta Sarg. Fruit ovoid, red or greenish-red, 9-11 mm. diameter.
CC. Corymbs at flowering time villous or pubescent
aquilonaris Sarg. Fruit oblong, dull greenish-red, 8-10 mm. diameter.
baccata Sarg. Fruit subglobose, orange-red, pale dotted, 7-8 mm. diam-

eter.

Balkwillii Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, orange-red blotched with yellow, 7-8
mm. diameter.

Beckiana Sarg. Fruit subglobose to obovoid, crimson, pale dotted, about
10 mm. diameter.

Chapmanii Ashe. Fruit globose or subglobose, bright red, 8-10 mm.
diameter

coloradensis Nelson. Fruit globose, bright red, about 8 mm. diameter.

conspicua Sarg. Fruit subglobose to short-oblong, crimson, 8-10 mm.
diameter. Stamens sometimes 20.

cupulifera Sarg. Corymbs sometimes nearly or quite glabrous. Fruit
characters as given above

Deweyana Sarg. Fruit subglobose to short-oblong, scarlet with pale
lenticles, 10-12 mm. diameter.

diaphora Sarg. Corymbs sometimes nearly or quite glabrous. Fruit
characters as given above.

dumicola Sarg. Corymbs sometimes glabrous. Fruit characters as given

above. :

fallax Ashe. (?) Fruit depressed-globose, crimson, mottled with green
and olive, 13-16 mm. diameter. Color of anthers unknown.

fertilis Sarg. Fruit subglobose, short-oblong or rarely ovoid, dark red,
pale dotted, about 10 mm. diameter.

flammea Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to subglobose, orange-red, pale dotted,
10-11 mm. diameter.

fulgens Sarg. Fruit sugblobose, crimson, pale dotted, 10-12 mm. diameter.

illinoiensis Ashe. Fruit globose, scarlet, dark dotted, 8-11 mm. diameter.

insperata Sarg. Fruit obovoid, light orange-red, 8-10 mm. diameter.
(This species was described as having 20 stamens, probably through
error.

integriloba Sarg. Fruit subglobose, bright scarlet, with pale lenticles,
0-12 mm. diameter.

laurentiana Sarg. Fruit oblong, dark crimson, 8-10 mm. diameter.

obscura Sarg. Fruit obovoid, light orange-red, pale dotted, 9-10 mm.
diameter.

ogdensbergensis Sarg. Fruit subglobose to short-oblong, crimson, pale
dotted, 9-11 mm. diameter.

prinoides Sarg. Fruit globose or depressed-globose, scarlet, dark dotted,

mm. diameter.
prunifolia Pers. Fruit subglobose, dull crimson, 10-15 mm. diameter.

1925] PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 125

rhombifolia Sarg. Fruit subglobose, bright clear red, 8-9 mm. diameter.
Robinsonii Sarg. Fruit oblong to slightly obovoid, bright scarlet, dark
dotted, 7-8 mm. diameter.
rupicola Sarg. Fruit subglobose to short-oblong, bright orange-red, 9-11
mm. diameter.
sheridana Nelson. (?) Fruit spherical, scarlet, 8-9 mm. diameter.
spinulosa Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, orange-red, 5-6 mm. diameter.
BB. Stamens about 20 (15-20)
C. Corymbs at flowering time glabrous or nearly so
Helenae Sarg. Fruit short-oblong or ovoid, scarlet, 8-10 mm. diameter.
laetifica Sarg. Stamens sometimes 15 or more. Fruit characters as given
above.
menandiana Sarg. Fruit subglobose, scarlet, pale dotted, about 12 mm.
diameter. Corymbs sometimes slightly villous.
micrantha Sarg. Fruit subglobose, orange-red, pale dotted, 7-8 mm.
iameter.
neofluvialis Ashe. Fruit subglobose, greenish-orange or flushed with
red, 6-10 mm. diameter. (Stamens described as 10-15, but apparently
about 20.)
pisifera Sarg. Fruit subglobose, crimson, pale dotted, 7-8 mm. diameter.
Corymbs sometimes slightly villous.
propixa Sarg. Fruit subglobose to ovoid, crimson, pale dotted, 7-8 mm.
diameter.
radiosa Sarg. Fruit subglobose, bright cherry-red, about 10 mm. diameter.
rutila Sarg. Fruit subglobose, orange-red, pale dotted, 8-10 mm. diameter.
Corymbs sometimes slightly villous.
simulata Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, dull orange-red, 7-9 mm. diameter.
Corymbs sometimes slightly villous.
spinea Sarg. Fruit subglobose to short-oblong, dark red, dark dotted,
7 mm. diameter.
stenophylla Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to obovoid, orange-red, pale dotted,
9 mm. diameter. Corymbs sometimes slightly villous.
vaga Sarg. Fruit ovoid or oval, orange-red, 6-7 mm. diameter. Corymbs
sometimes slightly villous.
CC. Corymbs at flowering time villous or pubescent
admiranda Sarg. Fruit subglobose to short-oblong or ovoid, bright cherry-
red, pale dotted, 12-14 mm. diameter.
ardua Sarg. Fruit subglobose to short-oblong, crimson, pale dotted.
12-14 mm. diameter.
calpodendron Medic. (?) Fruit pyriform or ellipsoid, red or orange-red,
mm. diameter.
Calvinii Sarg. Fruit oval to ovoid, scarlet, pale dotted, 8-10 mm. diam-

eter.
conspicua Sarg. Stamens 10-20, according todescription. Fruit characters
as given above.

126 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou. v1

diversa pes Fruit oval or slightly obovoid. crimson, pale dotted, 6-7
iameter.

efferata 3 Sarg. Fruit subglobose, scarlet, pale dotted, 8-9 mm. diameter.

ensifera Sarg. Fruit oval, bright orange-red, pale dotted, 8-9 mm. diam-

eter.

finitima Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to subglobose, orange-red, pale dotted.
about 10 mm. diameter.

frutescens Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, scarlet, pale dotted, 7-8 mm. diam.

Gaultii Sarg. Fruit subglobose to short-oblong, scarlet becoming dark
crimson, 12-14 mm. diameter.

gemmosa Sarg. Fruit subglobose to short-oblong, scarlet, 12-14 mm.
diameter.

globosa Sarg. Fruit globose to short-oblong, bright orange-red, dark
dotted, 7-8 mm. diameter.

hispidula Sarg. Fruit obovoid, orange-red, 7-8 mm. diameter

honeoyensis Sarg. Fruit short-oblong or slightly ovoid, scarlet, pale
dotted, 8-10 mm. diameter.

longispina Sarg. Fruit subglobose, scarlet, pale dotted, 8-10 mm. diam.

manandiana Sarg. Corymbs sometimes glabrous or nearly so. Fruit
characters as given above.

missouriensis Ashe. Fruit pyriform or becoming subglobose, deep scarlet,

0 mm. diameter.

obesa Ashe. (?) Fruit globose or slightly oblong, scarlet, 8-9 mm. diam-
eter. Color of anthers un

pisifera Sarg. Corymbs sometimes glabrous or nearly so. Fruit characters
as given above.

pubifolia Ashe. Fruit subglobose to short-oblong, scarlet or orange-red,
6-8 mm. diameter.

rutila Sarg. Corymbs sometimes nearly or quite glabrous, Fruit char-
acters as given above.

saeva Sarg. Fruit subglobose to short-oblong, crimson, pale dotted,
8-10 mm. diameter.

scabera Sarg. Fruit subglobose to slightly ovoid, bright cherry-red, dark
dotted, about 10 mm. diameter.

simulata Sarg. Corymbs sometimes glabrous or nearly so. Fruit char-
acters as given above.

sonnenbergensis Sarg. Fruit subglobose or short-oblong, crimson, about
10 mm. diameter.

spinifera Sarg. Fruit subglobose to slightly ovoid, scarlet, pale dotted,
10-12 mm. diameter.

stenophylla Sarg. Corymbs sometimes glabrous or nearly so. Fruit
characters as given above.

sence Schrad. Fruit globose, bright scarlet, 6-8 mm. diameter.

tomentosa L. Fruit obovoid, rarely subglobose, dull orange-red, 5-10
mm. diameter.

1925] PALMER, SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICAN CRATAEGI 127

vaga Sarg. Corymbs sometimes glabrous or nearly so. Fruit characters
as given above.
Vailiae Britton. Fruit subglobose, yellowish-green becoming red, 8-10
mm. diameter.
vegeta Sarg. Fruit subglobose, scarlet, pale dotted, 8-10 mm. diameter.
AA. Anthers white, cream or yellow
B. Stamens about 10 (5-10)
. Corymbs at flowering time glabrous or nearly so
chadfordiana Sarg. Fruit subglobose, scarlet, pale dotted, 12-14 mm.
diameter.
delectabilis Sarg. Fruit obovoid, scarlet, pale dotted, 8-9 mm. diameter.
orymbs sometimes slightly villous.
Doddsii Ramaley. Fruit pyriform, bright red, about 9 mm. diameter.
Emersoniana Sarg. Fruit globose to subglobose, scarlet, pale dotted,
12-14 mm. diameter.
glabrata Sarg. Fruit subglobose, crimson blotched with yellow, pale
dotted, 8-9 mm. diameter.
Handyae Sarg. Fruit subglobose, bright scarlet, pale dotted, 10-12 mm.
diameter.
peramoena Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to ovoid, light scarlet blotched with
yellow, pale dotted, 8-10 mm. diameter.
picta Sarg. Fruit subglobose, scarlet, pale dotted, 8-9 mm. diameter.
spatiosa Sarg. Fruit oval to globose or depressed-globose, scarlet blotched
with yellow, pale dotted, 12-14 mm. diameter.
venustula Sarg. Fruit subglobose, crimson, pale dotted, about 10 mm.
iameter.
CC. Corymbs at flowering time villous or pubescent
agaia Sarg. Fruit subglobose to short-oblong, dark crimson, pale dotted,
2 mm. diameter
armigera Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to ovoid, crimson, pale dotted, 8-10
mm. diameter.
coloradoides Ramaley. Fruit globose, red or purplish, about 9 mm. diam.
crux Ashe. Fruit subglobose, bright scarlet, about 13 mm. diameter.
debilis Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, scarlet, 9-11 mm. diameter.
delectabilis Sarg. Corymbs sometimes glabrous or nearly so. Fruit
characters as given above.
Doddsii Ramaley. Corymbs sometimes nearly glabrous. Fruit characters
as given above.
fallax Ashe. (?) Color of anthers unknown. Fruit characters as above.
ferentaria Sarg. Fruit subglobose to short-oblong, crimson, pale dotted,
about 12 mm. diameter.
flagrans Sarg. Fruit subglobose, dark crimson, 8-10 mm. diameter.
fulgida Sarg. Fruit subglobose, dark crimson, pale dotted, 10-12 mm.
diameter.
hystricina Ashe. Fruit subglobose, bright scarlet, about 10 mm. diameter.

128 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou. v1

macracantha Lodd. Fruit globose, crimson, 5-6 mm. diameter.
microsperma Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to subglobose, crimson, pale dotted,
7-10 mm. diameter.
mollicula Sarg. Fruit subglobose to ites bright orange-red,
pale dotted, 10-12 mm. diamet
Laneyi Sarg. Fruit subglobose, pie orange-red, pale dotted, about 6
mm. diameter.
pellucidula Sarg. Fruit subglobose, scarlet, pale dotted, 12-14 mm.
iameter.
peramoena Sarg. Corymbs sometimes nearly or quite glabrous. Fruit
characters as given above.
pertomentosa Ashe. Fruit subglobose, red or yellowish (becoming dark
red), 6-9 mm. diameter.
praeclara Sarg. Fruit subglobose to ovoid, crimson, 8-10 mm. diameter.
pudens Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, green or yellowish-red, 8-9 mm. diam.
Searsii Sarg. Fruit subglobose, crimson, pale dotted, 8-10 mm. diameter.
stratfordensis Sarg. Fruit oval, greenish-yellow mottled with crimson,
7-8 mm. diameter.
BB. Stamens about 20 (15-20)
. Corymbs at flowering time glabrous or nearly so
opica Ashe. Fruit depressed-globose, crimson, about 12 mm. (or less)
diameter. Corymbs sometimes finely pubescent.
tanuphylla Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, crimson, 7-10 mm. diam.
vernans Ashe. Fruit globose, bright scarlet, 9-12 mm. diameter. Corymbs
sometimes slightly villous.
C. Corymbs at flowering time villous or pubescen
ambrosia Sarg. Fruit short-oblong, crimson, dark dotted, 8-12 mm.
diameter.
carrollensis Sarg. Fruit ellipsoidal, dark red, 6-7 mm. diameter.
comans Sarg. Fruit short-oblong to subglobose, orange-red, 7-8 mm.
diameter
ferta Sarg. Fruit subglobose to short-oblong or ovoid, scarlet, pale dotted,
12-14 mm. (or usually less) diameter.
obesa Ashe. (?) Color of anthers unknown. Fruit characters as above.
opica Ashe. Corymbs sometimes nearly or quite glabrous. Fruit char-
cters as given above.
structilis Ashe. Fruit oblong or pyriform, orange or reddish-orange dotted

with dark green and russet, 7-10 mm. diameter.
truculenta Sarg. Fruit subglobose, ri red, pale dotted, 7-8 mm.
diameter.

venulosa Sarg. Fruit subglobose to ovoid or short-oblong, orange-red,
—8 mm. diameter.

vernans Ashe. Corymbs usually glabrous, according to description. Fruit
characters as given above.

JOURNAL

OF THE

ARNOLD ARBORETUM

Votume VI JULY, 1925 NuMBER 3

ADDITIONS TO OUR KNOWLEDGE OF THE FLORA OF
HAINAN

E. D. MeErrinu

In 1920 Mr. W. Y. Chun spent nearly a year in .a botanical explora-
tion of Hainan, but no general study has as yet been made of his
extensive collection of over 3000 numbers. A partial set of the material
collected by him is in the herbarium of the University of Nanking and
from this set about 500 duplicates have been sent to me by Mr. A. N.
Steward of that Institution for identification. The Chun collections thus
far received supply several important additions to our knowledge of the
Chinese flora, in this short paper representatives of nine genera being
recorded for the first time from China: Dacrydium, Phyllochlamys, Popowia,
Orophea, Drypetes, Calpigyne, Apodytes, Lithosanthes and Smythea, several
of these being represented by previously undescribed forms.

I have previously published several papers on the flora of Hainan,!
and previous to my departure from Manila in November, 1923, prepared
a manuscript enumeration of Hainan plants. This contains the record
of approximately 1100 species of flowering plants and ferns from the
island, but manifestly the flora is much richer than this preliminary
enumeration would indicate.

My papers were for the most part based on extensive botanical collec-
tions made in Hainan by Mr. F. A. McClure of the Canton Christian
College, who made two trips to the island, one from September to De-
cember, 1921, and the other from March to May, 1922. An enumeration
of the McClure collection is in process of publication by Mr. G. W. Groff
and his colleagues in the Canton Christian College, three parts having al-
ready been issued carrying the enumeration from the Filices through the
Solanaceae.”

1 Merrill, E. D. Two new species . bin from Hainan. (Philip. Jour. Sci. x1x
677-679 [1921]); Diagnoses of Hainan p (op. cit. xx1. 337-355 [1922]); Diagnose s
of Hainan plants II. (op. cit. xxut. meee [1923]).

2 Groff, G. W., E. Ding and E. H. Groff. An enumeration of the McClure collection

Hainan plants. (Lingnaam Agric. Review, 1. pt. 1. 27-86 [1923], m. 9-44 [1924];
115-139 [1925]).

130 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [VoL. vI

Mr. McClure has published a very interesting and instructive account
of his trips in Hainan.

Hainan is located within the tropics being in approximately the same
latitude as the Hawaiian Islands and the northernmost part of the Philip-
pine Archipelago. Naturally we find represented here a number of genera
chiefly tropical in character, that do not occur in the continental part of
southern China.

The actual types of the species described in this paper are deposited
in the herbarium of the University of California, and fragments ot all of
them have been placed in the herbarium of the Arnold Arboretum; dupli-
cates are in the herbarium of the University of Nanking.

TAXACEAE
Dacrydium Solander

Dacrydium elatum (Roxb.) Wallich in Hooker, Jour. Bot. 1m. 144, t. 2

(1843).
Juniperus elata Roxburgh, Fl. Ind. ed. 2, mr. 838 (1832).

Hainan: Five Finger Mountains, along ae altitude 1350 m.
W. Y. Cuun, nos, 1367, 2989, April and June, 1

No. 1367 represents a juvenile form.

Indochina to Sumatra, Borneo, the Philippines, and Celebes. The
genus is new to China.

MORACEAE
Taxotrophis Blume

Taxotrophis macrophylla (Blume) Boerlage, Handl. Fl. Nederl. Ind.
III. ;
Hainan: road to Tahun, in ravines, W. Y. Chun, no. 1239, April 9,
1920

In the absence of staminate flowers it is difficult to distinguish between
Balanostreblus ilicifolia Kurz and Tazotrophis ilicifolia Vidal. Hutchinson?
has cleared up the confusion between these two genera and species.
He accepts the name Tavzotrophis tilicifolia Vidal for this form, which
extends from Burma and Chittagong to Indochina, the Malay Peninsula,
Philippines, Celebes and the Moluccas. I have, however, accepted the
older specific name given above, based on Streblus macrophyllus Blume
(Diplocos macrophylla Bureau) from Celebes. The genus is new to China,
except for Hemsley’s record of Tazotrophis sp. from Hainan (Henry,
no. 8703), this specimen probably representing the same species as Chun’s

1 McClure, F. A. Notes on the Island of Hainan. (Lingnaam Agric. Review, 1. pt. 1.
66-86, pl. 1-5, map [1922]).
2In Kew Bull. Mise. Inform, 1918, 150.

1925] MERRILL, THE FLORA OF HAINAN 131

Phyllochlamys Bureau

Phyllochlamys taxoides (Heyne) Koorders, Exkursionsfl. Java, 1. 89
(1912

Taxotrophis taxoides Heyne in Roth, Nov. Pl. Sp. 368 (1821).

Trophis spinosa Roxburgh, FI. Ind. ed. 2, 1. 762 (1832).

Phyllochlamys spinosa Bureau in De Ca ndolle , Prodr. xvir. 218 (1873).
Hatrnan: road to Kunguier, in groves, W. Y. Chan , no. 2124, July 4, 1920.
India and Ceylon to Indochina, Java, Bulan and Timor. The

genus is new to China.

ANONACEAE

Fissistigma Griffith

Fissistigma hainanense, nom. nov.
F pagar ey macluret Merrill in Philip. Jour. Sci. xxur. 241 (1923), non F.
nacluret Merrill, op. cit. xx1. 342 (1922).
es Five Finger Mountains, F. A. McClure, no. 9733, W. Y.
Chun, no. 1606.
rough oversight the same specific name was used for two entirely
different species, so that this change in the name accompanying the second
description becomes necessary.

Popowia Endlicher

Popowia pisocarpa (Blume) Endlicher in Walpers Rep. 1. 252 (1842).
Guatteria pisocarpa Blume, Bijdr. 21 (1825).
Bocagea pisocarpa Blume, Fl. Jav. Anon. 90, t. 45 (1828).

Hainan: Fan Ta, southwest slope of Five Finger Mountain, in forests,
W.Y. Chun, no. 1918, June 6, 1920.

The specimen agrees closely with the descriptions of this species and
with Blume’s plate, as well as with named material available for purposes
of comparison. My conception of this species includes Popowia ramos-
sima Hook. f. & Th., and the Philippine Popowia polyandra (Presl) Merr.
I would call attention to the fact that Gagnepain’s interpretation of the
genus Popowia includes those forms that Ridley! places in the genus
Sphaerocoryne Scheffer but I feel absolutely confident that Sphaerocoryne
is identical with Melodorum as originally characterized by Loureiro, and
that consequently Sphaerocoryne Scheff. is a synonym of Melodorum
Lour., while Melodorum of all modern authors is Fissistigma Griff., as I
have previously indicated.? This interpretation of Loureiro’s genus is
verified by the type specimen of Melodorum fruticosum Lour. in the
herbarium of the British Museum. Synonyms of Melodorum fruticosum
Lour., as I understand the species, are Polyalthia aberrans Maingay, P.
stamensis Boerl., P. affinis Teysm. & Binn., Popowia aberrans Pierre,

1 Ridley, H. N., Fl. Malay Penin. 1. 61 (1922).

? Merrill, E. D. On the application of the generic name Melodorum of Loureiro.
(Philip. Jour. Sci. xv. 125-137 [1919] ).

132 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [VoL. VI

Unona Mesneyi Pierre, Sphaerocoryne aberrans Ridl., and Unona dume-
torum Dunal.

Popowia pisocarpa Endl. extends from the Malay Peninsula to Sumatra,
Java, Borneo and the Philippines (southern Luzon to Mindanao), but
has not been recorded from oe pane it almost certainly occurs
there. The genus is new to Chin

Orophea Blume

Orophea hainanensis, sp. nov.

Arbor parva, circiter 6 m. alta, ramulis junioribus inflorescentiisque
leviter ciliatis exceptis glabra, ramulis tenuibus, junioribus vix 1 mm.
diametro ciliatis, vetustioribus glabris; foliis chartaceis, in sicco pallidis,
nitidis, oblongo-ellipticis, 4 ad 8 cm. longis, 2 ad 3.5 em. latis, utrinque
subaequaliter angustatis, apice distincte obtuseque acuminatis, basi
acutis, nervis primariis utrinque circiter 7 distinctis; petiolo circiter 2 mm.
longo glabro; inflorescentiis tenuibus, 2 ad 2.5 cm. longis, plerisque 1— vel
2-floris, parcissime ciliatis, pedunculo 1 ad 1.2 cm. longo, 1-bracteato,
bracteis lanceolatis, acuminatis, ciliatis, 2mm. longis, bracteolis plerumque
solitariis, parvis; floribus longe (10 ad 12 mm.) pedicellatis; sepalis triangu-
lari-ovatis, acutis, leviter pubescentibus, 1.5 ad 2 mm. longis; petalis
exterioribus punctato-glandulosis, late ovatis ad suborbicularibus, acutis,
circiter 4 mm. longis latisque, interioribus stipitatis, 7 ad 8 mm. longis,
limbo rhomboideo, 4 mm. longo, 3.5 mm. lato, acuto vel obtuso, basi
cuneato, intus rugoso; antheris, 6, connectivo curvato; carpellis 6, glabris
1 mm. longis.

Harnan: Five Finger Mountains, W. Y. Chun, no. 1533, June 16, 1920
altitude indicated as 1700 m. which is probably too high; flowers yellow.

A strongly marked species well characterized by its glabrous leaves and
its very slender, l- or 2-flowered inflorescences. No representative of the
genus has hitherto been recorded from China.

RUTACEAE
Evodia Forster

Evodia Chunii, sp. nov.

Arbor circiter 11 m. alta, novellis inflorescentiisque exceptis glabra,
ramulis teretibus, circiter 2.5 mm. diametro, lenticellatis; foliis trifoliolatis,
petiolo 3 ad 5 em. longo, glabro; foliolis chartaceis vel membranaceis, in
sicco fragilibus viridibus utrinque concoloribus nitidis oblongis obtusis
vel breviter obtuse acuminatis, basi cuneatis vel decurrento-acuminatis,
aequilateralibus vel leviter inaequilateralibus 7 ad 10 cm. longis et 2 ad
3 cm. latis, nervis primariis utrinque circiter 10 tenuibus distinctis arcuato-
anastomosantibus, petiolulis 3 ad 4 mm. longis; cymis in axillis superioribus
pedunculatis multifloris 3.5 ad 5 cm. longis leviter pubescentibus circiter
4 cm. diametro, pedunculo circiter 2 em. longo; floribus albido-viridibus,

1925] MERRILL, THE FLORA OF HAINAN 133

4-meris, pedicellis 2 ad 2.5 mm. longis, glabris, basi minute bracteolatis;
sepalis late ovatis, rotundatis, 0.5 mm. longis, glabris; petalis oblongo-
ellipticis, obtusis, 2 mm. longis; filamentis petalis aequantibus, glabris,
antheris oblongis 0.8 mm. longis; ovario rudimenti villoso.

Hainan: south slope of Five Finger Mountains opposite Suimahu
Doong, in forests, W. ¥. Chun, no. 2038

The alliance of this species is clearly with Evodia malayana Ridley
(Fl. Malay. Penins. 1. 342 [1922] ), which in turn may prove not to be
distinct from Evodia aromatica Blume, differing in its smaller, fewer-nerved
leaflets, smaller cymes, shorter peduncles, glabrous pedicels, and_ its
broadly ovate not oblong sepals. It may have been included by Guil-
laumin' in his conception of E. triphylla DC., but this is unlikely, as
Guillaumin’s description and the specimens named by him that I have
seen, represent Evodia pteleacfolia (Champ.) Merrill (in Philip. Jour. Sci.
Bot. vu. 377 [1912]). Evodia triphylla (Lam.) DC. is Melicope triphylla
(Lam.) Merr., as I have previously shown, this interpretation being based
on an examination of Lamarck’s type, a Philippine specimen, in Lamarck’s
herbarium at Paris. Many of the synonyms cited by Guillaumin belong
with Evodia pteleaefolia Merr., but some of them are wrongly placed.
Zanthoxylum Lamarckianum Cham. & Schlecht., belongs with Melicope
triphylla Merr., the type also being a Philippine specimen, but FEvodia
Lamarckiana Benth. is a synonym of E. pteleaefoliwm (Cham.) Merr.?

SIMARUBACEAE
Brucea J. S. Miller

Brucea amarissima (Lour.) Desv. apud Gomes in Mem. Acad. Sci.
Lisb. n. ser. tv, 30 (1872).—Merrill in Philip. Jour. Sci. x. 18 (1915).
Brucea sumatrana Roxburgh Hort. Bengal. 12 (1812); Fl. Ind. 1. 469 (1820).
Harnan: at low altitudes, F. A. McClure, nos. 7598, 8018 ,8824. India
to southeastern China throngh Malaysia to Australia.
is common and widely distributed species is recorded here merely
to call attention to the proper authority for the transfer of Loureiro’s
specific name Brucea amarissima does not appear in Index Kewensis.

POLYGALACEAE
Xanthophyllum Roxburgh

Groff’s Hainan record of Xanthophyllum racemosum Chod. was based
on McClure, no. 9440, a specimen with immature fruits, following my
identification. It is unfortunate that the name should have been printed
without its synonym. Xanthophyllum racemosum Chodat is an herbarium
name intended to indicate the form described by King and by Ridley as

1 Lecomte, Fl. Gén. Indo-China 1. 632 (1911).

§ Merrill, KE, D. On the identity of Evodia triphylla. (Philip. Jour Sci. Bot. vm.
373-378 [1912]; Enum. Philip. Pl. 1m. 331 [1923]).

134 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [VoL. vr

Xanthophyllum palembanicum (non Miq.). If my identification of Mc-

lure’s specimen is correct, in view of Ridley’s statement that Xanthophyl-
lum Maingayi Benn. is not specifically distinct from X. palembanicum, as
described by King and by himself, perhaps there is no need for the binomial
proposed by Dr. Chodat. In order to place the name Xanthophyllum
racemosum Chod., the following synonymy is given.

Xanthophyllum racemosum Chodat apud Groff in Lingnaam Agric.
Review, I. pt. 1. 26 (1024), nomen.
oo palembanicum King in Jour. As. Soc. Bengal, trx. pt. m.
37 (1890); Moiese He a ae bf ‘oe aleve Sy 1. 77 (1890).—
lidley, FL. Malay. Penin. 1. 149 (1922).—Non Miquel.
Xanthophyllum Maingayi Benn. in Hook. f., Fl. Brit. Ind. 1: 210 (1874)?
Gagnepain! confines Xanthophyllum palembanicum Mig. to Sumatra
and admits Xanthophyllum Maingayi Benn. as a valid species. It is inter-
esting to note that neither Xanthophyllum palembanicum as interpreted
by King and by Ridley, nor XY. Maingayi Benn., which Ridley claims is
identical with XY. palembanicum as interpreted by King, are recorded from
Indochina. In this connection it is suggested that perhaps the Hainan
form should be compared with Xanthophyllum colubrinum Gagnepain (in
Bull. Soc. Bot. France, tv. 35 [1909]; Lecomte, Fl. Gén. Indo-Chine, 1.
244, t. 18 [1909] ). Flowering material from Hainan is desirable in order
to settle the exact status of the form that occurs in this island.

EUPHORBIACEAE
Drypetes Vahl

Drypetes hainanensis, sp. nov. (§ Sphragidia).

Arbor parva, circiter 7 m. alta, fructibus exceptis (floribus ignotis)
glaberrima, ramis teretibus griseis, ramulis tenuibus, angulatis lenticel-
latis 1 ad 1.5 mm. diametro; foliis chartaceis oblongis integris, in sicco
olivaceis, utrinque concoloribus nitidis, distincte reticulatis, 6 ad
longis et 2 ad 3.5 cm. latis, utrinque angustatis, apice breviter obtuseque
acuminatis, basi distincte inaequilateralibus, acutis, nervis primariis utrin-
que circiter 10 distinctis anastomosantibus; petiolo circiter 8 mm. longo;
fructibus axillaribus solitariis vel binis sessilibus globosis 2 ad 2.5 cm.
diametro fulvo-pulverulentis glabrescentibus, apice leviter umbilicatis,
2-locularibus, exocarpio fragili, endocarpio osseo, mesocarpio crasso spongi-
oso.

Hainan: northwest slope of Five Finger Mountains, in shade along
streams, W. Y. Chun, no. 1734, May 27, 1920

A species well characterized by its entire, somewhat acuminate leaves
which are inequilateral and acute at the base; by its slender branchlets;
by being entirely glabrous except for its deciduously fulvus-puberulent
fruits, which at full maturity are glabrous or nearly so; and by its sessile,

ain, F. Contribution a la connaissance des Xanthophyllum. (Jour. de Bot.
XXI. 241-253 [19038]).

1925] MERRILL, THE FLORA OF HAINAN 185

globose fruits which attain a diameter of 2.5 cm., the exocarp being pale
brown and fragile, the mesocarp thick and spongy. Its alliance is appar-
ently with two recently described species of Indochina, Drypetes Poilanei
Gagnep. and D. subsessilis Gagnep.

Calpigyne Blume

Calpigyne hainanensis, sp. nov.

Frutex vel arbor parva (3 ad 8 m. alta, fide Chun), ramulis junioribus et
petiolis et inflorescentiis dense stellato-tomentosis exceptis glabra, ramis
glabris teretibus, ramulis circiter 1.5 mm. diametro; foliis oblongo-ellipticis
ad oblongo-lanceolatis chartaceis, in sicco pallidis vel olivaceis, utrinque
nitidis, 12 ad 19 cm. longis, 3 ad 8 cm. latis, acutis ad obscure acuminatis,
basi plerisque leviter inaequilateralibus, subacutis ad rotundatis vel
obscure auriculato-cordatis, margine crenulato-serratis vel crenatis crenulis
glanduligeris; nervis primariis utrinque circiter 14 perspicuis arcuato-
anastomosantibus curvato-adscendentibus, secondariis subparallelis, sub-
rectis vel undulato-curvatis, distinctis; petiolo 5 ad 8 mm. longo, dense
castaneo- vel subferrugineo- pubescente; stipulis lanceolatis, circiter 5 mm.
longis, rigidis, incisis; inflorescentiis spicatis, axillaribus et ex axillis de-
foliatis, spicis numerosis tenuibus fasciculatis, 4 ad 6 mm. longis dense
fulvo- vel cinereo-pubescentibus, indumento stellato; floribus inferioribus
pistillatis paucis solitariis, superioribus omnibus staminatis glomeratim
fasciculatis numerosis, quam pistillati multo minoribus; calyce floris
pistillati ovoideo vel ellipsoideo, circiter 4 mm. longo, dense stellato-
tomentoso, 5- vel 6-lobato, lobis ovatis 1.5 ad 2.5 mm. longis valvatis,
alternis plerumque paullo minoribus; ovario dense stellato-tomentoso,
ovoideo; stylis circiter 2 mm. longis, crassis, deorsum leviter connatis,
curvatis, bifidis, eroso-laceratis, extus stellato-tomentosis, intus perspicue
papillosis; floribus staminatis glomeratim fasciculatis, alabastro vix 1 mm.
diametro, fasciculis 3- ad 7-floris, bracteis late ovatis 1.5 ad 2.5 mm. longis;
calyce extus pubescente, lobis late ovatis valvatis membranaceis; stamini-
bus 3 ad 5, plerumque 4, filamentis brevissimis crassis deorsum connatis,
antheris subreniformibus, loculis subhorizontalibus introrsis, loculamentis
gaia quam superioribus distincte minoribus.

H N: Nam Fung, growing along streams (flowers pale yellow), W.
i. Chun, nos. 1092 (type), 1122, March 21 and 23, 1920

Calpigyne has hitherto been a monotypic genus known only from the
original collection or collections, as Blume in describing it in 1856 records
it from both Borneo and:Celebes. The original species Calpigyne frutescens
Blume has apparently not appeared in recent collections, or if so it has
not been recognized. While Blume’s description is incomplete in some
particulars, yet the present species conforms in essential generic characters
to those given by him. Calpigyne hainanensis differing from C. frutescens
in its chartaceous, crenate or crenulate-serrate leaves. The staminate
calyces in the present species are equally or subequally 3-lobed (not 4-

136 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v1

lobed, with alternate longer and shorter lobes), while the filaments are
very short and stout, not subulate-acuminate.

ICACINACEAE
Apodytes E. Meyer

Apodytes cambodiana Pierre, Fl. Forest. Cochinch. t. 267 (1892); Gagne-
pain in Lecomte, Fl. Gén. Indo-Chine, 1. 834. (1911).

Apodytes javanica Koorders & Valeton, Bijdr. Boomsoort. Java, v. 159 (1900).

Hainan: northwest slope of Five Finger Mountain, W. Y. Chun, no.
2096, in forests apparently at high altitudes.

No representative of this genus has hitherto been recorded from China,
the specimen cited above agreeing in all esential details with material
from Indo-China and Java, as well as with the descriptions and Pierre’s
plate. It occurs in Indo-China and in Java, and according to Koorders,!
also in India.

I strongly suspect that Nothapodytes montana Blume (Mappia montana
Miq.), will prove to be the same as this, in which case Blume’s specific
name will replace Pierre’s.

RHAMNACEAE
Smythea Seemann

Smythea nitida, sp. nov

Frutex scandens, subglaber, ramis teretibus glabris olivaceis, ramulis
tenuibus circiter 1 mm, diametro, junioribus parcissime ciliatis; foliis
olivaceis nitidis chartaceis ovatis ad elliptico-ovatis, 3 ad 7 em. longis et
1.5 ad 3 em. latis, glaberrimis, basi aequilateralibus vel subaequilateralibus
late rotundatis, apice breviter obtuseque acuminatis vel obtusis, margine
distanter denticulatis, nervis lateralibus utrinque 4 vel 5, perspicuis,
arcuato-adscendentibus; petiolo 3 ad 5 mm. longo, plus minusve hirsuto;
floribus axillaribus fasciculatis 5-meris circiter 4 mm. diametro, fasciculis
plerisque 4-floris, pedicellis 2 mm. longis; calycis lobis parcissime hirsutis
triangularibus, acutis, 1.5 mm. longis, petalis parvis, obcordatis, retusis,
vix 1 mm. longis, margine inflexis, dorsum angustatis, brevissime stipitatis;
filamentis 1 mm. longis. Fructibus ignotis.

Hainan: Five Finger Mountains, altitude about 1350 m., W. Y. Chun,
no. 1465, May 6, 1920.

The first representative of the genus to be recorded from China, appar-
ently most closely allied to Smythea macrocarpa Hemsl., but with differ-
ently shaped, fewer-nerved leaves which are broadly rounded and nearly
equilateral at the base. Although the fruits are unknown, and without
these it is difficult to distinguish between Smythea and Ventilago, I do not
hesitate in referring the present species to Smythea because of its axillary
fascicled flowers. From the description I strongly suspect that Ventilago

1Eixkursionsfl. Java u. 532. (1912).

1925] MERRILL, THE FLORA OF HAINAN 137

pauciflora Pitard of Indo-China belongs in Smythea rather than in Venti-
ago.

STERCULIACEAE

Heritiera Dryander

Heritiera parvifolia, sp. nov.

Arbor circiter 30 m. alta (fide Chun), ramis glabris, ramulis gracilibus,
circiter 1 mm. diametro, dense lepidotis; foliis subcoriaceis, lanceolatis
ad oblongo-lanceolatis, 6 ad 8 cm. longis, 1.5 ad 3 em. latis, acuminatis,
basi acutis ad subrotundatis, triplinerviis, in sicco pallidis, supra sub-
olivaceis nitidis glaberrimis, subtus dense subargenteo- vel brunneo-
lepidotis; nervis utrinque circiter 6, subtus distinctis; petiolo 1 ad 1.5 em.
longo, lepidoto; inflorescentiis axillaribus dense subferrugineo-stellato-
tomentosis 3 ad 5 cm. longis; floribus circiter 4 mm. longis, calyce 5- vel 6-
lobato, extus dense, intus leviter stellato-tomentoso, lobis oblongo-ovatis
obtusis 1.5 ad 2 mm. longis; androphoro gracili, glabro 1 mm. longo, basi
disco crasso 0.8 mm. diametro cincto; antheris 8 ad 10, 1-seriatis, in capi-
tulis 0.8 mm. diametro dispositis. Fructibus ignotis.

HaInan: northwest slope of Five Finger Mountains, W. Y. Chun, no.
2100, June 29, 1920, apparently in forests.

While by definition this species falls in Heritiera, on account of the thick
disk surrounding the base of the androphore, yet I cannot escape the
conviction that its true relationships are with the Philippine Tarrietia
sylvatica (Vidal) Merr., and that when fruits are available it will probably
be best to transfer it to the latter genus. In Heritiera it is well character-
ized by its small, few-nerved leaves.

FLACOURTIACEAE
Flacourtia L’Héritier

Flacourtia indica (Burm. f.) Merrill, Interpret. Herb. Amb. 377 (1917);
Enum. Philip. Pl. mr. 112 (1923
Gmelina indica Burman f., FI. Ind. 132, t. 39, fig. 5. (1768).
Flacourtia septaria Roxbu rgh, Pl. Coromandel, 1. 48, t. 68 (1795).
Flacourtia Balansae ee in Bull. Soc. Bot. fence LIV. 521 (1908)—
Lecomte, Fl. Gén. Indo-Chine, 1. 235, fig. 23 (19

Hatnan: road from Hoihow, Nanifone: and senate ale W.Y.Chun,
nos. 975, 1007, 1068, February and March, 1920.

This species was previously recorded from Hainan by Gagnepain, as
Flacourtia Balansae Gagnep., who gives its range as Indochina, Hainan,
and the Philippines. My Hainan material presents staminate and pis-
tillate flowers, the latter with 6 styles, and the branches are spiny, some
of the ultimate branchlets bearing spines up to 2 cm. in length, the
older branches with spines up to 4cm. long. The distinguishing characters
given by Gagnepain as between Flacourtia sepiaria Roxb. and F. Balansae
Gagnep. are apparently not constant, and I have accordingly reduced

138 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v1

the latter species. In any case if a specific name is needed for the form
with 6 or 7 styles (F. Balansae Gagnep.), other than the above name I have
adopted from the younger Burman, then this is supplied by Myroxylon
decline Blanco (1837) and Stigmarota edulis Blanco (1845), for Blanco’s
species is exactly identical with the form described by Gagnepain. The
form with six styles also occurs in the Malay Peninsula and presumably in
Java as Koorders and Valeton describe Flacourtia ramontchi L’Hér.,
which I believe also to be a synonym of F. indica Merr., as having 4- to 7-
merous flowers. Flacourtia rukam Z. & M., F. inermis Roxb., and F.
jangomas Steud., all present the same variation in the number of styles as
does F’. indica Merr. I therefore consider the style character to be an
inconstant one in Flacourtia, and that F. Balansae Gagnep. cannot be
separated from F. sepiaria Roxb.=F. indica (Burm. f.) Merr.

MYRTACEAE
Eugenia Micheli

Eugenia multipunctata, sp. nov. (§ Jambosa).

Arbor glabra, 8 ad 10 m. alta, ramis ramulisque teretibus, brunneis,
ramulis 1 ad 1.5 mm. diametro; foliis oppositis, oblongo-ellipticis ad ellip-
ticis, utrinque angustatis, apice acuminatis, basi subobtusis ad cuneatis,
in sicco olivaceis nitidis, subtus pallidioribus et perspicue multipunctatis,
chartaceis ad subcoriaceis, 5 ad 9 em. longis, 2 ad 4.5 em. latis, nervis
utrinque circiter 10 tenuibus obscuris, reticulis obsoletis; petiolo circiter
5 mm. longo; cymis plerisque axillaribus paucifloris 1 ad 3 cm. longis e
basi ramosis, ramis paucis; floribus albis, omnibus pedicellatis plerisque
3-meris, 7 ad 8 mm. diametro, pedicellis circiter 3 mm. longis, bracteis
lanceolatis acuminatis 1.3 mm. longis; calyce late infundibuliformi basi
minute bibracteolato circiter 1.5 mm. longo, sepalis 3, raro 4, orbiculari-
ovatis rotundatis 1 mm. longis; petalis 3, raro 4, ellipticis rotundatis
circiter 3.5 mm. longis punctato-glandulosis; filamentis numerosis 3 ad 4
mm. longis.

Hanan: Five Finger Mountains, W. Y. Chun, no. 2034 (type), 1567,
May and June, 1920, in forests. Chun’s no. 2033 probably also belongs
here, but I have seen no specimen of this, having merely Mr. A. N. Ste-
ward’s note on which to base this deduction.

This species is strongly characterized by its conspicuously multipunctate
leaves and especially by its 3-merous, rarely 4-merous, flowers, 3-merous
flowers being an aberrant character in this large genus.

SYMPLOCACEAE
Symplocos Jacquin

Symplocos Chunii, sp. nov. ($ Bobua, Lodhra).
Arbor circiter 7 m. alta, inflorescentiis dense ferrugineo-pubescentibus
exceptis glabra, ramulis circiter 2 mm. diametro; foliis chartaceis, suboli-

1925] MERRILL, THE FLORA OF HAINAN 139

vaceis, subtus paullo pallidioribus, glaberrimis, anguste oblongis ad
oblongo-oblanceolatis, 8 ad 10 cm. longis, 2 ad 3 cm. latis, apice acutis,
obscure obtuseque acuminatis vel obtusis, deorsum angustatis, basi
cuneatis, margine cartilagineis, leviter undulato-crenatis crenulis apiculatis,
costa supra leviter impressa, subtus prominula; nervis primariis utrinque
8 ad 10, adscendentibus, tenuibus distinctis obscure arcuato-anastamosan-
tibus; petiolo 6 ad 8 mm. longo; inflorescentiis spicatis, axillaribus et in
axillis defoliatis, brevibus densis paucifloris 0.8 ad 1.5 cm. longis, plerumque
4- ad 8-floris, axi bracteolisque dense ferrugineo-pubescentibus; floribus
flavidis 10 ad 12 mm. diametro, bracteolis ovatis 2 mm. longis, calyces
involucrantibus; calyce glabro, tubo 1.5 mm. longo, lobis 5 patulis ovatis
ad oblongo-ovatis obtusis, tubo aequantibus vel paullo brevioribus;
petalis ellipticis glabris apice rotundatis circiter 4.5 mm. longis et 2.5 mm.
latis; staminibus circiter 70, filamentis glabris, deorsum vix connatis,
obscurissime pentadelphis, 3 ad 7 mm. longis; stylis 5 mm. longis, glabris;
ovario 3-loculare.

Harnan: Lotus Range near Nodoa, W. Y. Chun, no. 642, January 15,
1920, in ravines along small streams, altitude about 600 m.

A well marked species belonging in the group with Symplocos garcini-
folia Guillaumin but with smaller leaves which are not slenderly acuminate,
their margins obscurely undulate-crenate, although the crenulations are
glandular-apiculate. The flowers are larger than in Guillaumin’s species,
while the calyx-tube is about as long as the lobes. It seems to be equally
distinct from other species in this group such as Symplocos congesta Benth.
and S. cuspidata Brand.

Symplocos fasciculiflora, sp. nov. (§ Bobua, Lodhra).

Arbor parva, circiter 5 m. alta, bracteolis ferrugineo-pubescentibus
exceptis glabra, ramis ramulisque teretibus, ramulis 1.5 ad 2 mm. diametro;
foliis in sicco utrinque viridibus opacis chartaceis vel subcoriaceis oblongis
ad oblongo-ellipticis, 5 ad 8 em. longis et 2 ad 3.5 em. latis, integerrimis,
acutis vel abrupte breviterque acuminatis, basi cuneatis, costa supra
leviter impressa, subtus valde prominula; nervis primariis utrinque 8 ad
10 tenuibus haud perspicuis; petiolo circiter 1 em. longo; inflorescentiis
axillaribus paucifloris fasciculatis in ramulis ultimis dispositis; floribus
albis sessilibus 5-meris 6 ad 8 mm. diametro bracteolatis, bracteolis 3
late ovatis circiter 1 mm. diametro, ferrugineo-pubescentibus; calyce
glabro, tubo circiter 1 mm. longo, lobis late ovatis rotundatis tubo sub-
aequantibus; petalis oblongo-ellipticis rotundatis 3 mm. longis, basi leviter
connatis; staminibus circiter 30, filamentis glabris liberis 2 ad 4 mm. longis;
stylis crassis glabris 4 mm. longis, sursum incrassatis, distincte clavatis.

AINAN: northwest slope of Five Finger Mountains, W. Y. Chun, no.
1873, June 4, 1920, in forests, altitude indicated as 1800 m. which is
probably too high.

A species in the general group with Symplocos cuspidata Brand and S.

140 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. VI

congesta Benth., from both of which it is at once distinguished by its much
fewer stamens.
RUBIACEAE

Litosanthes Blume

Litosanthes biflora Blume, Cat. Gew. Buitenzorg, 21 (1823).—Merrill,

Enum. Philip. Pl. mr. 568 (1923).
— gracilis King & Gamble in pork As. Soe. Bengal, Luxx. pt. 1. 132
(Mat. Fl. Malay "’Penin . Iv. 206) (1904).

Gama: Five Finger Mountains, F’. A. McClure, no. 8708, on forested
slopes, altitude 700 m.

Malay Peninsula, Java, and the Philippines (Luzon, Mindoro, Catan-
duanes, Leyte, Negros, Mindanao). The genus is new to China.

FURTHER NOTES ON CHINESE LIGNEOUS PLANTS.!

H. H. Hv.

Alnus Jackii, sp. nov.

Arbor ad 10 m. alta, cortice cinereo; ramuli glabri, lenticellati. Folia
elliptica, ovata vel elliptico-obovata, 4-7.5 cm. longa et 2.2-3 cm. lata,
apice acuta vel cuspidata, basi subrotundata vel rarius late cuneata, glan-
duloso-serrata, utrinque intense viridia, subtus ad costam et sparsissime ad
venas rectas utrinque circiter 10 puberula, ceterum glabra; petioli graciles,
ad 2 cm. longi: inflorescentia mascula ex amentis 5-6 cylindricis autumno
circiter 2 cm. longis composita, resinosa, pedunculis erectis 8 mm. longis.
Strobili solitarii, erecti, pedunculo circiter 1 cm. longo sustenti, ovoidei vel
ellipsoidei, circiter 2 cm. longi et 1.2 cm. diam.; bracteae apice truncatae,
breviter lobulatae, circiter 5 mm. longae et 7 mm. latae; semina orbicularia,
compressa, circiter 3.5 mm. longa et lata, apice acutiuscula, margine
coriaceo angusto, nitida, castanea.

affini A. formosana Makino praecipue differt foliorum forma et
strobilis solitariis.

CHEKIANG: Tien-tai-shan, Ren-Chang Ching, no. 2606 (type), Dec. 10
1924, and no. 1514, May 9, 1924. Foxren: Siu-Ning-sien, Ren-Chang
Ching, no. 2295, Aug. 5, 1924.

Meratia yunnanensis, comb. nov

ong? C1914). yunnanensis W. W. Smith in Notes Bot. Gard. Edinb. vu.

As Rehder and Wilson remarked in Plantae Wilsonianae, 1. 419 (1913)
that Meratia Loiseleur was published one year before Chimonanthus
Lindley, we have to accept Loiseleur’s name for this genus. Accepting
Rehder and Wilson’s statement this new combination is made.

Deutzia Chunii, sp. nov.
Ramuli graciles, sparse stellato-pilosi. Folia oblongo-lanceolata, 3-5.5.
1See Vol. V. 227 of this Journal for preceding Notes.

1925] H. H. HU, NOTES ON CHINESE LIGNEOUS PLANTS 141

em. longa et 1.2-1.8 cm. lata, acuminata, basi late cuneata, remote mi-
nuteque serrulata, pube stellato-pilosa dimorpha, supra viridia scabrida,
pilis 4-5-radiatis sparsius instructa, subtus albida, dense pilis 10-12-
radiatis obtecta; petioli 3-4 mm. longi, stellato-pilosi. Paniculae ad 10 cm.
longae, multiflorae, stellato-pilosae; pedicelli graciles, 1-1.5 mm. longi;
calyx stellato-pilosus, dentibus triangulari-ovatis acutiusculis tubo aequi-
longis; petala ovato-oblonga, 6 mm. longa et 2.5 mm. lata, alba; stamina
petalis aequilonga vel breviora, filamentis edentatis; styli 3, staminibus
aequilongi, stigmatibus capitatis bilobis. Fructus deest.

Affinis D. Schneiderianae Rehd., sed foliis angustioribus minus scabris
et floribus minoribus differt.

CHEKIANG: without precise locality, Ren-Chang Ching, no. 4750 (type),
1924.

Itea longibrateata, sp. nov.

Frutex circiter 60 cm. altus, glaber. Folia coriacea, ovato-oblonga,
circiter 7.5 cm. longa et 3 cm. lata, acuminata vel acuta, basi rotundata,
remotius serrata, supra nitida viridia, subtus pallidiora, glabra; petioli
ad 1 cm. longi. Racemi axillares et terminales, ad 6 cm. longi, satis dense
multiflori; pedunculus puberulus; flores albi, breviter pedicellati vel sub-
sessiles, circiter 2 mm. diam.; bracteae anguste lanceolatae, ad 8 mm.
longae et 1 mm. latae, acuminatae, minute serrulatae; calyx hirtellus,
lobis lineari-lanceolatis, quam petala brevioribus; petala ovata, circiter
1.5 mm. longa; antheris subsessilibus ovali-oblongis inclusis; styli 2-con-
nati, stigmatibus capitatis: ovarium 2-loculare, semi-inferius. Fructus
deest.

Ab affini I. dlicifolia Oliv. racemis brevioribus, bracteis longioribus
lanceolatis serrulatis, floribus multo minoribus subsessilibus, staminibus
inclusis differt.

CHEKIANG: Yun-Fan, Taichow, on rocky summit, 2000 ft. altitude,
Ren-Chang Ching, no. 1316 (type), May 1, 1924.

Rubus Chungii, sp. nov.

Frutex sarmentosus scandens, ad 1.2 m. altus; rami graciles teretes,
cortice rubro-brunneo vestiti, sparse aculeis compressis basi dilatatis
leviter recurvis vel rarius rectis ad 5 mm. longis armati. Folia ambitu
rotundata, 4.5—7 cm. diam., palmatim ultra medium 5- vel rarius 3-loba,
sinubus obtusis vel rotundatis, lobis dupliciter serratis, medio rhombico-
ovato longe acuminato saepe basi subito constricto ad 4.5 cm. longo et
2.5 cm. lato, lateralibus inaequilateralibus, basilibus multo minoribus vel
deficientibus; petioli graciles, circiter 2.5 cm. longi, interdum aciculis
minutis armati. Flores axillares, solitarii, pedunculo gracili ad 3 em.
longo suffulti; calyx virescens vel purpurascens, extus intusque sericeo-
villosulus, extus demum glabrescens, lobis ovato-oblongis acuminulatis
7 mm. longis et basi 4 mm. latis; petali ignoti. Fructus subglobosus,
circiter 1.5 em. diam., ruber; semina compressa, 2 mm. longa et 1.5 mm.
ata

142 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. VI

Ab affini R. palmato Thunb. qui folii ambitu ovatis, sinubus acutis et
lobo medio basin versus plus minusve lobulato gaudet, foliis ambitu ro-
tundatis, sinubus rotundatis vel obtusis, lobis non lobulatis distinctus.

CuHEKIANG: Yun-Fan, Taichow, in shaded woods, 200 ft. altitude, Ren-
Chang Ching, no. 1329 (type), May 1, 1924; without precise locality,
no. 4768, 1924

— — spate
xrylum m Fre feel , Pl. Delavay. 124 (188
Zanthor im mutilation Hemsley in Hooker’s Icon. xt t. 2595 (1899).
agara mengtzea rene Arb. v. 228 (192
I at first ssi ca Zanthorylum aS re ele Hemsley is syn-
onymous with Z. multijuga Franchet. Hence this new combination.

Xanthophyllum hainanense, sp.

Xanthophyllum gene G. W. Groff, Ding & E. H. Groff in sage roe Agric.
view, I. no 6 (1924), quoad plantam e Hainan.—Non Chodat.!

Arbor 10-12 m. ei trunco 20 cm. diam.; ramuli graciles, glabri, teretes.
Folia ovato-elliptica, ad 10 cm. longa et 3 cm. lata, in acumen caudatum
ad 2 cm. longum sensim attenuata, basi late cuneata, integra, leviter un-
dulata, supra lucida, leviter reticulata, costa satis distincte elevata, subtus
opaca, costa valde elevata, minute reticulata, glabra; petiolus supra canali-
culatus, circiter 1 cm. longus. Racemi axillares, pedunculo incluso ad
10 cm. longi dissitiflori; pedicelli ut pedunculus minute puberuli, 8 mm.
longi; flores ignoti. Fructus immaturus globosus, minute puberulous.

ffinis X. racemoso Chodat a quo costa supra elevata, acumine foliorum
basi lato et fructo juvenili puberulo, nec villoso, differt.

Harnan: South slope of Five Finger Mt., F. A. McClure, no. 9421 (type),
May 4, 1922; no. 9440, May 5, 1922; wooded ravine; tree; ht., 10-12 m.;
dia., 20 cm.; frs., green.

Berchemiella crenulata, comb. n

ance crenulata Handel-Mazz a in Akad. Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien, 1921,
. Nov. Sin. cont. 12, p. 5) (1921).

The ; on Berchemiella was separated from Chaydaia Pitard by T. Nakai
in Bot. Mag. Tokyo, xxxvir. 31 (1923). It differs from Chaydaia in
having a paniculate to fasciculate-racemose inflorescence, turgid disk
embracing half of the ovary and a deciduous style-base. From Handel-
Mazzetti’s description the above species is a Berchemiella and not a Chay-
daia according to Nakai’s definition. Hence the new combination.

Vitis fagifolia, sp. nov.

Frutex scandens, ad 3 m. altus; rami suberecti, graciles, initio dense
rufo-tomentosi, demum sparse cinereo-tomentelli; cirrhi satis robusti.
Folia subsessilia, oblongo-elliptica, ad 6.5 cm. longa et 3 cm. lata, acuta
vel breviter acuminata, basi oblique rotundata vel subrotundata, repando-
serrata dentibus mucronulatis, ciliata, supra glabra, subtus cinereo-
puberula et ad venas rufo-pubescentia. Inflorescentia paniculata, multi-

1 Xanthophyllum racemosum Chodat see Merrill in Jour. Arnold Arb. v1. 134 (1925).

1925] H. H. HU, NOTES ON CHINESE LIGNEOUS PLANTS 143

flora, ad 4 cm. longa, rhachide rufo-tomentella; pedicelli filiformes, ad
apicem leviter incrassati, 3.5 mm. longi; flores luteo-virides, fragrantes;
stamina 2.5 cm. longa, filamentis gracilibus, antheris globis pallide luteis;
stigma brunneum. Fructus ignotus.

Species foliis subsessilibus ab omnibus aliis speciebus generis distincis-
sima.

CuEKIANG: Taichow, on exposed grassy foothill, 30 ft. altitude, Ren-
Chang Ching, no. 1297 (type), April 30, 1924; Changhua, on rocky slopes,
900 ft. altitude, F. N. Meyer, no. 1548, July 12, 1915

Meyer’s is a sterile specimen which has leaves up to 11 cm. long and 6.5
em. broad, evidently coming from a vigorous young shoot.

Vitis chunganensis, sp. nov.

Frutex scandens, ad 1.5 cm. altus; rami graciles, subflexuosi, glabri;
cirrhi satis robusti. Folia cordato-ovata vel cordato-subdeltoidea ad 14
cm. longa et 9 em. lata, breviter acuminata, sinu basali lato et profundo,
lateribus rotundatis, ad basin serrata dentibus valde remotis calloso-
mucronulatis, utrinque glabra, supra lucide viridia, subtus albido-glauca,
magis reticulata supra quam infra; petioli ad 6 em. longi, rubro-brunnei.
Inflorescentia paniculata, laxa, ad 13 cm. longa, sine cirrhis, rhachide
glabra; pedicelli satis robusti; baccae immaturae globosae, circiter 8 mm.

lam.

Affinis V. fleruosae Thunb. sed foliis majoribus subtus glaucis distincta.

Foxren: Chung-An Sien, H. H. Hu, no. 1348 (type), September 27, 1921;
without precise locality, S. 7. Dunn, no. 2504, April to June, 1905. Dunn’s
specimen is with very young fruits.

‘Metaplexis sinensis, comb. no
olostemma sinense Hemsley in Tour. Linn. Soc. xxvi. 103 (1889).
Metaplexis Hemsleyana Oliver in Hooker’s Icon. Pl. xx. t. 1970 (1891).

Apparently C. Schneider overlooked Oliver’s name when he gave a
supplementary description of this species in Plantae Wilsonianae, 1. 344
(1916), as he did not cite Oliver’s name as a synonym. He also said: “I
doubt if our plant belongs to Holostemma at all. . . . Since Oliver made
it clear that this species is closely related to Metaplexis Stauntoni, the
position of this species seems settled. Since Oliver did not make a correct
combination, I take this chance to propose it.

Tabernaemontana pallida, comb. n
Ervatamia pallida Pierre in Spire, Gusitek, Indo-Chine, 141 (1906)

Otto Stapf in Thiselton-Dyer, Flora of Tropical Africa, 126 (1902)
raised the section Ervatamia of Tabernaemontana to generic rank, but
E. D. Merrill in his various writing did not take up this new genus. I also
think the difference is not pronounced, and it is better to reduce Ervatamia
to a section again. Hence the new combination for this species.

144 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. VI

TWO NEW TREES FROM CHEKIANG
Woon Youna Cuun.

Torreya Jackii, sp. nov

Arbor parva ad 8 vel 12 m. alta, trunco circiter 20 cm. diam., vel saepius
frutex altus ramosissimus, fructificans aetate juvenili; rami ascendentes
ramulis patentibus vel leviter pendulis, comam irregularem vel rotundatam
formantes; cortex trunci cinereus, leviter fibrosus, in lamellas tenues ir-
regulares decorticans et corticem interiorem brunnescentem detegens;
ramuli hornotini virides, demum viridi-brunnei, anno secundo et tertio
rubro-brunnei, lucidi, vetustiores obscure grisei. Folia biseriatim ex-
pansa, leviter porrecta, falcata, linearia, 3.5-9, pleraque 6-8 cm. longa et
3-4 mm. lata, sensim in apicem spinosum attenuata, basi leviter torta,
margine in sicco non revoluta, supra intertse et lucide viridia, costa media
inconspicua leviter impressa, subtus luteo-viridia et striis stomatiferis
2 albescentibus notata, fracta odore aromatico. Flores non visi. Fructus
(immaturus) circiter 2 cm. longus, obovoideus, virescens, pruinosus, sub-
sessilis, basi squamis pluribus castaneis lucidis suffultus; endospermum,
ut videtur, profunde ruminatum.

Proxima T. californicae Torrey (Tumion californicum |Torrey] Greene)
quae foliis brevioribus non falcatis, fructo ovoideo vel oblong-ovoideo
differt.

CHEKIANG: Ga Fung Kwan, Chen Chon, 20 li south of Hsien-Chii
Hsien alt. 400-900 m., Ren-Chang Ching, June 3, 1924, Southeastern
University expedition to Chekiang, no. 1779 (type); tree in fruit, locally
abundant but not reported elsewhere. Specimens in the Herbarium of
the National Southeastern University, Nanking, China, and in the Her-
barium of the Arnold Arboretum.

The leaves of this species are very aromatic when bruised or burned,
giving off a fragrance like that of sandalwood oil. The wood is fairly
hard and very fragrant.

This species is named in honor of Professor John G. Jack of the Arnold
Arboretum, teacher of the author, and of other Chinese students of taxo-
nomic botany, in order to record our sense of gratitude to him for the part
he played in initiating and encouraging the systematic study of Chinese
plants by the Chinese themselves.

Halesia Macgregorei, sp. nov.

Arbor mediocris ad 24 m. alta, maturitate glaberrima perulis ciliatis et
dorso sparse stellato-pubescentibus exceptis; trunci cortex laevis, cinereus;
ramuli graciles, purpureo-fusci, glabri, annotini obscure cinerel; gemmae
juveniles anguste conicae, perulis lucidis brunneis, interioribus plus minusve
stellato-pubescentibus. Folia decidua, tenuiter membranacea, breviter
petiolata, magnitudine et forma variabilia, pleraque elliptico-oblonga,
interdum anguste elliptica vel ova-toelliptica, 3.5-8.5 em. longa et 1.8-3
cm. lata, acuminata vel cuspidato-acuminata, basi pleraque cuneata,

1925] NAKAI, TWO NEW GENERA OF BAMBUSACEAE 145

rarius subrotundata, denticulata denticulis glanduloso-mucronatis, supra
laete viridia, costa impressa, venis lateralibus gracilibus, minute reticulata,
subtus pallida, juvenilia saepe rubescentia; petioli 6-10 mm. longi. Flores
non visi. Fructus solitarii vel 2-3 fasciculatie gemmis aphyllis ramulorum
annotinorum, pedunculis 8-12 mm. longis, oblongo-elliptici ad late obovati
vel suborbiculares, 2.5-3.5 cm. longi et 1.8-2.5 em. lati, basi cuneati vel
abrupte cuneati vel rotundati, alis 4 initio carnosis et lutescentibus,
maturitate siccis et roseo-luteis, apice stylo partim persistenti et calycis
vestigiis coronati; putamen anguste cylindricum, costis 4 applanatis cum
alis alternantibus, plerumque abortu monospermum.

nis H. carolinae L. (Mohrodendron carolinum Britt.) quae foliis
plerisque latioribus stellato-pubescentibus et fructu plerumque obovoideo

iffert.

CuHEKIANG: Di-ping, northeast of Tai-Shun Hsien, alt. 790 m., Ren-
Chang Ching, July 18, 1924, Southeastern Expedition to Chekiang, no.
2132 (type); tree to 16 m. tall, in open thickets, leaves thicker ; Mow Shan,
west of Lung-sien, alt. 1280 m., August 24, 1924, same collector and same
expedition, no. 2466; trees to 24 m. tall, 45 em. in diameter, in shade,
leaves very thin, larger, to 13 em. long and 4.5 cm. wide, oblong-lanceolate
to elliptic-oblong; fruit obovoid. Specimens of both numbers in the
Herbarium of Southeastern University, Nanking and the Herbarium of
the Arnold Arboretum.

This species is named in compliment to Mr. Donald MacGregor, Super-
intendent of Parks, Shanghai, who, in the course of over twenty years’
unceasing effort, has introduced numerous valuable plants, both foreign
and native, to the enrichment of Chinese gardens.

The discovery of a species of Halesia in China makes another addition
to the list of genera once thought to be endemic in America, but subse-
quently also found to be indigenous in China. Some of the genera of
woody plants formerly considered purely North American now known to
be common to the two countries are: Hicoria, Liriodendron, Sassafras,
Nyssa, Symphoricarpos and Halesia.

TWO NEW GENERA OF BAMBUSACEAE,
WITH SPECIAL REMARKS ON THE RELATED GENERA
GROWING IN EASTERN ASIA

T. NAKAI

Pleioblastus', gen. nov.

Arundinaria Munro in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxvi. 13 (1868), pro parte.-—K. Koch
Dendr. 11. pt. 2, 375 (1873), pro parte.—Bentham & Hooker, Gen. Pl. ut.
1207 (1883), pro parte—Hackel in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. um.
rie 93 (1899), pro parte-—Camus, Bamb. 26 (1913), pro parte.—Non
Michaux.

1Etymology: xAetos, more, GAastoc, bud, referring to the associated buds at the nodes.

146 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. vI

Sympodialis pleuranthus. Nodi infimi 3-7 ramorum cum internodis nullis
vel subnullis congestissimi, et quisque nodus gemmam unicam portans, ita
nodi culmorum 3- seu 5- seu 7-gemmati esse videntur. Vagina foliorum
persistens, ita nodi culmorum vetustorum saepe ob vaginas emortuas
fibrosi; lamina foliorum tessellata; setae orales! laevissimae candidae flexu-
osae subpersistentes. Apiculae semel racemosae; rachis sub floribus ar-
ticulata; spiculae basi glumis vacuis 2 instructae; gluma fertilis exterior
falcato-convoluta subcoriacea tessellata; interior dorso bicarinato-sulcata
haud tessellata; paleae 3, una glumam interiorem opposita quam ceteris
fere duplo longior; stamina 8, filamenta linearia, antherae subulatae basi
sagittatae, flavae, 2-loculares lima laterali fere totam longitudinem aperta,
connectivo non producto; Stylus 1, stigmata 3 sub-plumosa erecta. Cary-
opsis oblonga edulis.

Species 7 in Japonia et in China indigenae.

1. Pleioblastus communis Nakai, comb. n
Arundinaria communis Makino in Tokyo Bot. Meg. xxvii. 293 (1914).

2. Pleioblastus porary Nakai, comb. -
Arundinaria Hindsii var. graminea Bean in Chron 3, xv. 238
(1894).—Ma ot in ‘Tokyo Bot. Mag. xIv i apr ~ Matsuura Tad.
Pl. Jap. u. pt. 1, 88 (1905).—Makino & Shirasawa, Icon. t. 5, fig. 1-3 (1912).—

00 (1915).
Arundinaria graminea Makino in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xxvi. 18 (1912).
HINA.

8. Pleioblastus Hindsii Nakai,comb. ss
a Hindsti Munro in Trans. oe xxvi. 31 ee iereas
n Tokyo Bot. Mag. xiv. (63) (19 00). it Paseo Ind. Pl. Jap. 1. pt. 1,
88 (1905).—M Makino & Shirasawa, Icon. t. 5, fig. 4-6 (1912). Nobili in Mitt.
Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. xxiv. 100 (191 5).

CHINA.

This Bamboo was once an essential element of Japanese garden shrubs.
But it began to flower from 1905, and within 10 years it disappeared entirely
from the gardens. In those days it fruited well. Some have succeeded
in raising seedlings; these, therefore, may exist in Japan, but I do not
know where they are at present.

4. Pleioblastus linearis Nakai, comb. n
Arundinaria linearis Hackel in Bull. Herb. "Boiss. vu. 721 (1899).
Livkiv.

5. Pleioblastus Matsunoi Nakai, comb. n
Arundinaria Matsunoi Makino in Journ. Jap. "Bot. ur. 8 (1918).
Honpo: in collibus Yokohama.

6. Pleioblastus Maximowiczii Nakai, comb. n
ir ga elgg a Hort. apud A. & C. Riviere in Bull. Soe. Acel.
. 3, v. 783 (1878).—Camus, ane 34, t. 17, fig. A. (1913).

Sta wee applies to the bristles at the upper edge of the sheath of leaves growing like
a stipu

1925] NAKAI, TWO NEW GENERA OF BAMBUSACEAE 147

Bambusa Chino Franchet = Savatier, Enum. Pl. Jap. m. pt. 1, 183 (1876),
nom. nud.; pt. 2, 607 (1879).

Arundinaria a japonica Franchet & Savatier, 1. c. 182, pro parte, quoad specim.
Savatier 1492.—Non Sieb. & Zucc.

Anite ‘Laydekeri Bean in Gard. Chron. sér. 3, xv. 368 (1894

Bambusa Laydekeri Hort. apud Satow in oo. Asiat. Soc. AS xxvut. 47

(1899).

Arundinaria Simoni var. Chino one in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xv. (62) & 98
(1900). as atsumura, Ind. are I. pt. 1. 89 (1905).—Makino & Shira-
sawa, Ic . 5, fig. 7-14 (19

Ben ae. Chino Makino in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xxvi. 14 (1912).

Honpo.

Pleioblastus rapier var. argenteo-striatus Nakai, Beige mabe
rundinaria Sim var. argenteo-striata Makino in Tokyo
(62), 100 (1900). — Matsumura, Ind. Pl. Jap. 1. pt. 1, 89 en bar oe

g. 1 1912
Arundinaria Chino var. argenteo-striata Makino in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xxv. 14
12).
JAPONIA: in hortis.

7. Pleioblastus Simoni Nakai, comb. nov.

Bambusa Metake sana Syst. Verz. 1. 57 (1854), nom. nud.—Non Siebold.

Arundinaria japonica A. Gray in Mem. Am. Acad. Sci., new ser. vr. 32
(1859), pro nate aay mura, Shokubutsu-meii, 32 (1895). —Sataw in
Trans. Asiat. Soc. Jap. xxvir. 43 (1899). meas

Bambusa Simoni Cherise in Rev. Hort. 187

Arundinaria Fortunet Fenzi in Gard. Chr ron. n. ser. vi. 773 (1876).—Non
Rivié

Arundinaria Simoni A. & C, ee? in ae Soe. Accel. sér. 3, v. 774, fig. 43-
50 (1878).—Bean in Gard. Chron. ser. 3, xv. 368 (1894). —Mitford, Bamb.
plate ig Se age .—Makino in Tokyo Bot t. Mag. xiv. 62, 95 (1900).— Mat-

nd. pt. 1, 89 (1905).—J. Houzon in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr.
Ges. a 226 (190 7).—Makino & Shirasawa, Icon. t. 7, fig. 1-5 (1912).—
Camus, Bamb. 33, A 17, fig. B. (1913). —Nohl in Mitt, Deutsch. Dendr.
Ges. xx1v. 100 (191

Arundinaria vaginata Tackel in Bull. Herb. Boiss. vir. 717 (1899).

JAPONIA: in Hondo, Shikoku, Kiusiu et Ins. Tsushima.

In the southeastern end of Korean peninsula between Basan and
Hoké this species is planted to make hedges. The history of introduction
in unknown. Faurie’s no. 1203 is a fruiting specimen collected at Fusan.
Two varieties exist in Japanese gardens.

Pleioblastus ee var. Lantos Nakai, comb. n
Arundinaria Simoni var. variegata Hooker fil. in Bot. * Mag. cxvi. t. 7146
(1890), styli cae delineati. “Brak in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xiv. 97 (1900).—
Matsumura, Ind. Pl. rae pt. 1, 90 (1905). Noh in Mitt. Deutsch.
r. Ges. XXIv. 100 15)
Aaaans Simoni var. as Bean in Gard. Chron. ser, 3, xv. 301

1894).
Arundinaria Simoni var. striata Mitford, Bamb. Gard. 59 (1896).
Arundinaria Simoni Hackel in Bull. Herb. Boiss. vit. 716 (1899).—Non
iére.

Pleioblastus Simoni var. heterophyllus, Nakai, comb. n
ae Simoni var. oe Makino apud dace: 8 Shirasawa,
Icon. t. 8, fig. 18-24 (19

148 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [VoL. vI

Indocalamus,' gen. nov.

Sympodialis pleuranthus. Nodi ramorum distantes ita ramuli distantes
et gemma solitaria. Vaginae foliorum persistentes; folia tessellata; setae
orales e processu calloso evolutae, scabrae vel parce setulosae, fuscescentes
vel fere albidae. Spiculae in apice rami foliati vel efoliati terminales
paniculatae; panicula bracteata vel ebracteata; rachis sub flores articulata;
spiculae basi glumis vacuis binis instructa; gluma fertilis exterior faleato-
convoluta, subcoriacea, tessellata vel fere non tessellata, interior dorso bi-
carinato-sulcate; paleae 3 subaequales; stamina 3, antheris saepe coloratis;
stylus 1, stigmata 2 arcuata plumosa.

Species 7 in Zeylania, India orient., China, Philippin. et Formosa
indigenae.

This genus is very much like Sasa, but differs in the numbers of stamens
and stigmas.

1. Indocalamus Fargesii Nakai, comb. no
Arundinaria Fargesii E. G. Camus in pees “Not. Syst. m. 244 (1911).
CHINA

2. Indocalamus floribundus Nakai, comb. n
Arundinaria floribunda Thwaites, Enum. Ze in PL. 5 (1 ag —Munro in
Trans. Linn. Soe. xxvi. 20 (1868) ee Ind. Barab ye Ne er in
Hooker, Fl. Brit. Ind. vir. 377 (1897).—Camus, Bamb. 6, fig. B
(1913).

ZEYLANIA.

3. Indocalamus sev la Nakai, comb. no
Arundinaria niitakayamensis Bad uta in Tokyo Bot Ma ag. xxi. 49 (1907);
in Jour. Coll. Sci. Tokyo, v. 240 (1908). Y° Gamble in Philip. Jour. Sei.
Bot. v. 267 (1910).—M eli Enum, Philip. Flow. Pl. 1. fase. 1, 94 (1922).
Bambusa aff. B. pygmaea apud Merrill in Ser Jour. Sci. Bot. 1. 261 (1907).
Sasa niitakayamensis Camus, Bamb. 24 (1913
Sasa niitakayamensis var. mic rocarpa Camus, l. ¢.
Formosa ET PHILIPPIN.

4. Indocalamus rigidulus Nakai, comb. n
Arundinaria rigidula E, G. Camus in paneer "Not. Syst. m. 243 (1911).
HINA.

5. Indocalamus sinicus Nakai, comb. nov.

Arundinaria sinica Hance in Ann. Sci. Nat. sér. 4, xvi. 235 enters in Jour.
Linn. Soc. xu. 137 (187: 3).—Rendle in 5 ee Linn. Soc. XXXVI. 436 (1904).

Arundinaria longirame a Munro in Trans. Linn. ne xxvi. 19 (186 8),

perenne Wightit Nees apud Bentham, Fl. 434 (1861).

Hon
Arundinaria sinicica [stc} Hance apud Camus, B oe 47 (1913).
HONGKONG.

6. Indocalamus Walkerianus Nakai, comb. no

Arundinaria Walkeriana ee 7 Trans. Lit ce. xxvi. 21 (1868).—
Gamble, Bamb. Ind. 3, 1 (1896). Tne, Honabe Fl. Ceyl. v. 310
(1900). —Camus, Bamb. 2 (191 3).

ZEYLANIA.

1 Etymology: Indo, of India, a country extending from the East Indies to China, and
calamus, reed.

1925] NAKAI, TWO NEW GENERA OF BAMBUSACEAE 149

7. Indocalamus Wightianus Nakai, comb. n
le ale He i Nees in Linnae a IX, 482 (1884). —Ruprecht, Bamb. 26,
0 (1 ooh a te oa ha am. ae (1855).—Thwaites, Enum.

Zev Ei a (1864).—Mun n Tra Linn. Soe. xxvr. 19 (18 8).

amble, Bamb. Ind. 4, t. 2 (1896): in Hos er. FL Brit. Ind. vu. 377 (1897),—
Camus, Bamb. 28,. t: 22 f. B (1913).

INDIA ET ein

Indocalamus Wightianus var. hispidus Nakai, comb. nov.
Arundinaria hispida Steudel, Syn. Gram. 335 (1855).
Arundinaria Wightiana var. 8 so Gamble, Bamb. Ind. 4 (1896);
ooker, Fl. Brit. Ind. viz. 377 (189
oe moliniformis Rati riaa in herb. Hohenacker n. 1282 apud
Gamble, I. ¢.

INDIA.

Widely different types were described hitherto under Arundinaria, so
that the genus became unreasonably large and complicated. The true
Arundinaria grows in North America and Asia. These are Arundinaria
macrosperma Michaux (type), A. tecta Muhlenberg, A. maling Gamble,
A. Wilsonii Rendle, A. Faberi Rendle. The latter three species have more
branched culms and may represent a distinct section. Arundinaria
hirsuta Munro and A. Rolloana Gamble are probably species of this genus
but without flowers we can not determine their exact position. These
species have the oral setae (setae orales, v. s.) rigid and scabrous some-
what brownish and radiating from a common thick process of the edge of
the sheath. They drop with that process from the sheath by articulation.
The species of Phyllostachys and Sasa have this kind of setae. The nature
of setae is an important generic character in classifying Bamboos. It is
as important as the form of pappus in Compositae.

Mr. Makino who studied the Japanese Bamboos very carefully has
cleverly separated Pseudosasa, Chimonobambusa, Semiarundinaria and
Sinobambusa from Arundinaria, though he has not given any descriptions,
but there are sufficient reasons for distinguishing these genera. The
group of Arundinaria has tessellate leaves as has the Phyllostachys group
and includes the following genera besides the two genera described above.

1. Sasa Makino & Shibata

Vaginae culmorum appendiculatae vel inappendiculatae, persistentes;
gemma solitaria; setae orales scabrae rigidae vel rarius non evolutae.
Inflorescentia paniculata, glumae tessellatae, exteriores saepe aristato-
acuminatae; stamina 6; stylus 1; stigmata 3, subplumosa.

Sasa bitchuensis Makino in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xxv. 31 (1914).
S. chartacea Makino & Shibata in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xv. 27 (1901).
S. kurilensis Makino & Shibata, 1. c.

S. nana Makino in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xxvi. 13 (1912).

S. purpurascens Camus, Bamb. 19, t. 1, fig. B (1913).

. S. nipponica Makino & Shibata in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xv. 24 (1901).

a Ot me 09 2

150 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [VOL. v1

7. S. ramosa Makino & Shibata, l. ce.
8. Sasa senanensis Rehder in Jour. Arnold Arb. 1. 58 (1919).
S. Shimidzuana Makino in Jour. Jap. Bot. II. 4. 15 (1920).
10. S. stenantha Nakai, comb. nov.
S. senanensis var. ontakensis Franchet & Savatier, Enum. Pl. Jap. mu. 606

Pe lie stenantha Makino in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xiv. (62) (1900).
11. S. tessellata Makino & Shibata in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xv. 27 (1901).
12. S. Tokugawana Makino in Jour. Jap. Bot. 1. 2, 6 (1916).
3. S. Tsuboiana Makino in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xxvi. 23 (1912).
14. S. Veitchii Rehder in Jour. Arnold Arb. 1. 58 (1919).

—_

II. Pseudosasa Makino

Vaginae culmorum fere inappendiculatae, persistentes; gemma solitaria;
setae orales laeves. Spiculae corymboso-ramosae; glumae tessellatae,
exteriores ariatatae; stamina 3 (4); stylus 1; stigmata 3, plumosa.

1. Pseudosasa japonica Makino in Jour. Jap. Bot. 1. 4, 15 (1920).
Arundinaria japonica Siebold & Zuccarini ex Steudel, Syn. Gram. 334 (1855).

2. Pseudosasa Owatarii Makino in Jour. Jap. Bot. 1. 4, healed
Arundinaria Owatarii Makino in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xxr. 16 (1907

3. vhectiocneite variegata Nakai, comb. n
busa variegata Siebold apud Miquel in pens Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 11. 285
“(Prol. 173) (1866).
4. Pseudosasa disticha Nakai, comb. n
Bambusa disticha Mitford, anc: Gard. 183 “(1896).

III. Arundinaria Michaux

Vaginae culmorum appendiculatae persistentes; gemmae solitariae sed
demum ramuli in nodis saepe congesti; setae orales scabrae rigidae. Spic-
ulae divaricato-racemosae; glumae indistincte tessellatae, exterior sub-
aristata; stamina 3; stylus 1; stigmata 3, subplumosa.

1. Arundinaria macrosperma Michaux, Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1. 74 (1803).

2. Arundinaria tecta Muhlenberg, Descrip. uber. Gram. Am. Sept. 191
(1817).

3. Arundinaria Faberi Rendle in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxxvi. 435 (1904).

4. Arundinaria Maling Gamble apud Camus, Monog. Bamb. 31, t. 16,
fig. A (1913).

5. Arundinaria Wilsonii Rendle in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxxvi. 437 (1904).

IV. Semiarundinaria Makino

Vaginae culmorum appendiculatae, deciduae vel puncto dorsali sub-
persistentes; gemmae plures; setae orales laeves rigidae. Spiculae race-

1925] NAKAI, TWO NEW GENERA OF BAMBUSACEAE 151

moso-ramosae vel paniculatae; glumae coriaceae, tessellatae, sed incon-
spicuae; stamina 3; stylus 1; ; stigmata 8, ciliata.

1. Semiarundinaria fastuosa Makino in slob Jap. Bot. 1m. 8 (1918).
Bambusa fastosa Mitford, Bamb. Gard. 105 (18
Arundinaria Narihira Makino i in Tokyo Bot. Map. ‘xrv. (63) (1900), cum var.

2. Semiarundinaria sat Nakai, comb. nov
Arundinaria Sat Balansa in Jour. de Bot. rv. 28 (1890).

3. Semiarundinaria Pantlingii Nakai, comb.
Arundinaria Pantlingii Gamble, Ind. Bamb. 129, ra "18 (1896).

V. Chimoncbambusa Makino

Vaginae culmorum fere inappendiculatae, deciduae; gemmae plures;
setae orales laeves. Spiculae racemosae; glumae non tessellatae longi-
tudine elevato-nervosa; stamina 3; styli 2; stigmata ciliata.

C. baviensis Nakai, comb. n
gern hina baviensis Balansa in “Moret, Jour. de Bot. rv. 28 (1890).

2. C. callosa Nakai, comb. n
Arundinaria callosa Munro in Tra rans. Linn. Soc. xxv. 30 (1868).

3. C. densifolia Nakai, comb. nov

$1 ‘
Arundinaria densifolia Munro, 1. c. 32.

4, C. falcata Nakai, comb. nov.
Arundinaria falcata Nees in Linnaea, 1x. 478 (1834).

. C. Griffithiana Nakai, comb. nov.
ie an Griffthiana Munro in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxvi. 30 (1868).

C. Hookeriana Nakai, comb. n
Avindiana Hookeriana fe l. ec. "20.

7. C. intermedia Nakai, comb. n
Arundinaria intermedia Munro, I. ¢. » 98.

8. C. khasiana Nakai, comb. nov.

Arundinaria khasiana Monro. l. ec. 28.

9. C. marmorea Makino in Tokyo Bot. Mag. oo 154 (1914).
pee spay marmorea Mitford, Bamb. Gard. 93 (1896

10. C. polystachya Nakai, comb. n
Arundinaria polystachya Kurz apud Sie Ind. Bamb. 7, t. 5 (1896).

11. C. pumila Nakai, comb. n
ee pumila A. Chevalier & i. Camus in Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris,
. 450 (1921).

12. C. quadrangularis Makino in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xxvii. oe Care:
Bambusa quadrangularis Fenzi in Bull. Soc. Tosc. Ort. v. 401 (1880

152 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [VoL. vr

VI. Sinobambusa Makino

Vaginae culmorum appendiculatae deciduae; internodia eximie elongata;
gemmae plures; setae orales rigidae laeves. Spiculae racemosae sub-
phyllopodae; glumae tessellatae, exteriores acutae; stamina 3; styli 2;
stigmata ciliata.

1. Sinobambusa elegans Nakai, comb. nov.
Arundinaria elegans Kurz in Jour. As. Soe. Bengal, xu. 248 (1873).

2. Sinobambusa tootsik Makino in Jour. Jap. Bot. um. 8 oo
Arundinaria Tootsik Makino in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xiv. (62) (190

VII. Oreiostachys Gamble

Vaginae culmorum appendiculatae deciduae; gemmae plures; setae
orales rigidae divaricato-patentes laeves. Spiculae subglomeratae vel
breviter ramosae; involucra et glumae exteriores coriacea, non tessellata,
obtusa; stamina 6; styli 2; stigmata ciliata, non plumosa.

1. Oreostachys ciliata Nakai, comb. n
Arundinaria ciliata Camus in Bull, Mus. "Nat. Hist. Paris, xxv. 672 (1919).

2. Oreostachys Pullei Gamble ded ee in Versl. Afdeel.
Natuurk. Kon. Akad. Wetensch. 1908,

VIII. Fargesia Franchet

Vaginae culmorum appendiculatae deciduae; gemmae plures; setae orales
rigidae, fuscae, parce ciliatae vel glabrae. Involucra magna convoluta et
spiculas congestas lateraliter amplectens, ita inflorescentia subunilateralis;
glumae non tessellatae, sed elevato-nervosae, aristato- acuminatae; stamina
3; stylus 1, elongatus; stigmata 3, plumosa.

1. Fargesia densiflora Nakai, comb. n
Arundinaria densiflora Rendle in Jour. a Soc. xxxvi. 434 (1904).

2. Fargesia spathacea Franchet in Bull. Soc. Linn. Paris, 1. 1067
(1893)
Conspectus GENERUM

eal oo
— 6. Gemma solitaria; setae orales scabrae............2-.6005- Sasa.
Stamina 3.

— culmorum inarticulatae persistentes, ita nodi ob vaginas emortuas

epe fibrosi.
oes solita
Setae nr ie fuscae. Ramie basi ramulosi. Paleae subaequales.

rundinaria
Setae orales laeves albae. | Rami basi cum nodis 3-5 nudis. Palea una
sia subduplo PORIIOE eas oo oe e ea tedega ces eee ee Pseudosasa.

Gemmae plures, parallelae; re orales laeves. Glumae subcoriaceae tes-
on paleae inaequales............ 0. ccc ee cee eee eee leioblastus.

1925] McKELVEY, SYRINGA RUGULOSA 153

bigcose ae complete vel subcomplete articulati, degiduae. Gemmae

Spicilue eames vel paniculatae; glumae conspicue vel _inconspicue
BEMAURGS gh ed yas oes ates ss sed eae awS bee Cos tarundinaria.
Spielae congestae haere i anes aristato-acuminatae non poe
nspicue eleva
Styli = liber oe basi oe alit
Sta picu Sees vel breviter ramosae; glumae phe non
iclntee. Setae orales radiatae, laeves.................04. Oreiostachys.
amina 3.
Gna: solitaria; vaginae ne persistentes. Spiculae paniculatae.
Setae orales scabrae vel BOWUNONGs 625 sive saee ne ekekc Rene ndocalamus.
Gemma pies: parallelae. _ vain edie e basi Re mi deciduae.
Spiculae racem orales lae
Internodia ano ormaliter “elon Gumi tessellatae hn te aog
culmorum appendiculatae...........0.0.000000.-- cece. = oe
Internodia non ee Tee Glumae non tessellatae sed Tad
elevato-nervosae. Vaginae culmorum breviter vel non appendiculatae.
Chimonobambusa
The following species described under Arundinaria are ‘idranieats.
known and their proper position is rape indeterminable.

ee ee a eee eS ee Se

A. anceps Mitford, Bamb. Gard. 181 (189

A. armata Gamble, Ind. Bamb. 130, t. nf (1896).

A. jaunsarensis Gamble, 1. c. 23. t. 22.

A. Kurzii Gamble, l. c. 25, t. 25.

A. Manni Gamble, |. c. 26. t. 26.

A. microphylla Munro in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxv1. 32 (1868).

A. gracilis Blanchard in Rev. Hort. 1886, 490

A. Nagashima Pfitzer apud J. Houzon in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges.
XVI. 226 (1907).

A. nitida Mitford in Gard. Chron. ser. 3, xvi. 186, t. 33 (1895).

A

. Ragamowski (Wheeler) Pfitzer apud J. Houzon in Mitt. Deutsch.
Dendr. Ges. xvi. 224 (1907).

A. Rolloana Gamble; Ind. Bamb. 24. Pl. 23 (1896).

A. suberecta Munro in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxvr. 32 (1896).

The Mexican and South American Bamboos described under Arundi-
naria apparently belong to two or more undescribed genera.

SYRINGA RUGULOSA, A NEW SPECIES FROM
WESTERN CHINA.
Susan Detano McKeE vey.

Syringa rugulosa, sp. nov.

Frutex circiter 2 m. altus vel arbor parva; ramuli tomento denso villoso
ad secundum annum persistente vestiti. Folia ovata vel elliptica, 3-7
em. longa et 1.5-4 em. lata, acuminata vel acuta, basi cuneata, margine
saepe leviter irregulariter undulata, supra dense villosa et rugulosa costa
et venis venulisque impressis, subtus densissime molliter villosa, costa et

154 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. VI

venis utrinque 4-6 elevatis; petioli 2-5 mm. longi, dense villosi. Flores
subsessiles, fasiculati in paniculis lateralibus interdum terminalibus 7-12
cm. longis; rachis dense villosa; calyx campanulatus, plerumque distincte
dentatus dentibus ovato-triangularibus acutis vel acuminulatis; corolla
tubo gracili 5-7 mm. longo, lobis ovatis 2-3 mm. longis acutiusculis inter-
dum cucullatis; stamina paullo infra faucem inserta antheris pallidis faucem
non superantibus.

YUNNAN: undergrowth of the mountains at Tcha-ho; alt. 2600 m., E. E.
Maire, July, 1914 (type; no. 169, Herb. Roy. Botanic Garden, Edinburgh);
thickets of the mountains at Té-long-tsin, alt. 3000 m., E. FE. Maire, June
(no. 503, Herb. Arnold Arboretum).

This species is most closely related to S. Potaninit Schneid., which
differs in the not distinctly rugulose leaves, less densely pubescent branch-
lets and inflorescence, in the minute appressed pubescence of the usually
truncate calyx, in the longer and narrower corolla-lobes and in the stamens
being inserted much below the mouth. The flowers of the specimen from
Tcha-ho are according to the collector rose-violet, while those of the speci-
men from Té-long-tsin are described as white.

AMELASORBUS, A NEW BIGENERIC HYBRID.

ALFRED REHDER.

Amelasorbus (Amelanchier & Sorbus), gen. hybr. nov.

Intermediate between the parents: from Amelanchier the hybrid differs
chiefly in the partly pinnate leaves, the paniculate inflorescence and in
the free styles, while from Sorbus (§ Aucuparia) it is distinguished by the
mostly undivided leaves, only partly more or Peis seueee or pinnately
lobed below the middle, in the secondary axes 0 om florescence
being racemose, not corymbose, in the oblong ei in the usually 5 styles
and in the presence of imperfect false septa in the fruit. Only known in
the following form:

Amelasorbus Jackii (Amelanchier florida X Sorbus sitchensis), hybr.
nov.
Frutex robustus, 2-3 m. altus; ramuli robusti, initio laxe villosi, citis-
sime glabri, purpurei vel purpurascentes, vetustiores rubro-fusci, luciduli;
gemmae oblongo-ovoideae, 6-8 mm. longae, acutae, perulis exterioribus
4-6, apice et partim ad marginem leviter lanuginosis ceterum glabris
purpureo-brunneis. Folia ovalia vel elliptica, rarius oblongo-elliptica,
3.5-6 cm. longa, apice rotundata vel acutiuscula, basi rotundata vel cordata
grosse dentata dentibus late ovatis acuminulatis, ad basin pleraque integra,
initio laxe villosa, cito glabra, nervis utrinsecus 10-12, pleraque indivisa
sed pauca basi lobis vel foliolis 1-3 instructa; petioli 1-25 em. longi, glabri;
folia turionum oblongo-elliptica vel ovato-oblonga, 5-10 em. longa,

1925] REHDER, AMELASORBUS, A NEW BIGENERIC HYBRID 155

plura basi foliolis 2-4 ellipticis vel elliptico-oblongis 2-3 em. longis dentatis
instructa, supra basin plus minusve lobata lobis apicem versus decrescenti-
bus, supra medium indivisa, ceterum ut in foliis ramulorum floriferorum;
petioli 1.5-3 cm. longi; stipulae lineari-lanceolatae, circiter 5 mm. longae,
caducae. Inflorescentia paniculata ad 5 cm. longa, tenuiter villosula;
axes secundarii racemosi, 1-3 inferiores foliis suffulti, infimus 5—9-florus
pedicello infimo interdum 2-floro, apicem versus decrescentes; pedicelli
2-3 mm., in fructu ad 6 mm. longi; hypanthium extus et sepala triangulari-
ovata acuminulata utrinque villosula; petala alba, oblonga, 9-10 mm.
longa, obtusa, ad basin cuneatam supra lanata, apice sparse lanato-ciliosa;
stamina 20, longiora 3 mm. longa, antheris ut videtur sterilibus; styli 5,
raro 4, 2.5-3 mm. longi, staminibus paullo breviora, ad medium ovarii
liberi basi villosi, hypostylio medio fere ad basin villoso; ovarium apice
dense villosum, 4—5-loculare, loculis in parietie exteriore manifeste costata
costa post anthesin in lamellam crassam ad medium loculum prominentem
accrescente, ideo fructus imperfecte 8—10-loculatus. Fructus subglobosus
vel globoso-ovoidea, 6-8 mm. diam., in sicco atro-coerulea, pruinosa, in
vivo (sec. collectorem) rubra, coeruleo-pruinosa, sepalis persistentibus
erectis ovato-lanceolatis circiter 4 mm. longis coronatus; semina pauca
perfecta, ellipsoidea, compressa, circiter 4 mm. longa, castanea.

Ipauo: summit of Elk Butte, Clearwater County, alt. about 2000 m.,
J. G. Jack, no. 1329, September 4, 1918. Cultivated specimens: Arnold
Arb. (from seed of no. 1329) under no. 17688, September 20, 1923, and
May 19, 1925.

This interesting hybrid was discovered by Professor J. G. Jack in Idaho
on the open and rocky summit of Elk Butte. In general appearance the
original specimens as well as the plants growing in the Arnold Arboretum
have the aspect of a vigorous plant of Amelanchier, and only on closer
inspection one may notice the presence of partly pinnate leaves and the
compound inflorescence. The flowers, too, with their oblong upright
petals look much like those of Amelanchier, but the styles are distinct,
and the false partitions of the fruit extend only to about the middle of the
locule and are abnormally thick in the sterile cells.

The parents of the hybrid are apparently Sorbus sitchensis Roem. and
Amelanchier florida Lindl. of which specimens were collected on the same
date at the same locality; the first species being represented by Jack’s
no. 1333 and the second by his no. 1332. From Sorbus sitchensis the
hybrid is easily distinguished by the mostly simple leaves, smaller, not
viscid winterbuds, the smaller paniculate inflorescence with racemose not
corymbose branches, thé oblong petals, 4-5 styles, and by the dark colored
pruinose fruit with long ovate-lanceolate sepals. From Amelanchier
florida the hybrid differs chiefly in the larger, more coarsely serrate and
occasionally partly pinnate or lobed leaves, in the villous apex of the
bud-scales, in the compound inflorescence, shorter petals, distinct styles and
in the larger fruit with upright or nearly upright sepals, with shorter

156 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. vI

false partitions and with dry flesh of poor flavor as noted by the collector.

Several bigeneric hybrids have been recorded in the subfamily Pomoideae
of Rosaceae, as between Crataegus and Mespilus, Pyrus and Sorbus,
Sorbus and Aronia, but all these genera are close allies and the four last
named are considered by some botanists congeneric, while Amelanchier
and Sorbus are much less closely related and differ widely in the type of
the inflorescence and in the structure of the ovary which in Amelanchier
has false septa like Peraphyllum; in this respect these two genera differ
from all other genera of the subfamily. The distinct types of the inflores-
cence and the difference in the structure of the ovary produce in the hybrid
a peculiar combination; also those leaves of the hybrid which are partly
pinnate are of irregular and more or less monstrous shape and resemble
those of the hybrids between Aronia and the section Aucuparia of Sorbus,
two genera otherwise very closely related.

THE RHODODENDRONS OF EASTERN CHINA,
THE BONIN AND LIUKIU ISLANDS AND OF FORMOSA.
Ernest H. WiLson

In this article the territory embraced lies between Latitudes 19° and
34° N. and Longitude 113° and 142° E. and in the south includes the
island of Hainan. Much of the region is very little known to the western
world. A glance at a good map of the Orient shows off the coast of China
a string of islands stretching southward like stepping stones from Japan
toward the Equator. They may be likened to a rope of unmatched
pearls with Formosa athwart the Tropic of Cancer forming the pendant.
All these islands, some little more than mere rocks thrust above the ocean,
others of fair size, are now an integral part of the Japanese Empire.
They are little known and very few botanists other than Japanese have
had opportunity of visiting them. More fortunate than many it has
been my privilege to tread their shores. Bonin and Liukiu I botanised
in the spring of 1917; Formosa in the early spring and autumn of 1918.
These islands enjoy a warm-temperate or almost tropical climate
varying somewhat according to their latitudinal positions but all are
lapped by the waters of the warm Japan Gulf stream. Formosa has a
backbone of mountains whose higher peaks average over 10,000 ft. in
height and in consequence boasts cool temperate regions. They support
a luxuriant vegetation, largely endemic, with a coastal fringe of wide-
spread subtropical species. Only a few plants indigenous to these islands
are in cultivation but we are indebted to Liukiu for the well-known
Cycas revoluta L. and the indispensable Lilium longiflorum Thunb. which
long ago reached us by way of Japan.

The flora of the Bonin Islands is very largely endemic; that of Liukiu
is related to the flora of Japan; the mountain flora of Formosa shows

1925] WILSON, THE RHODODENDRONS OF EASTERN CHINA 157

a remarkable affinity with that of western China. General accounts
of these floras I published in volumes I. and II. of the Arnold Arboretum
Journal (1919-20).

The flora of eastern China in the main is distinct from that of western
China, the province of Hupeh being a sort of hinterland between the
two regions. The flora of Hongkong and neighboring islands was once
supposed to be rich in endemic plants but many of these have since been
found on the mountains of Kwangtung and Fokien provinces and some
in the more distant Yunnan province. The island of Hainan remains
little known and though the flora is doubtless rich in endemic plants it
is related to that of Mindanao Island on the one hand and continental
China and Tonking on the other.

So far as Rhododendrons are concerned the species found in the
different regions are mostly local in distribution. From the whole ter-
ritory under survey some 40 species are at present known but our knowl-
edge of the flora of Fokien and southeastern China is exceedingly limited
and without doubt many new Rhododendrons remain to be discovered.
Nevertheless the whole region represents merely the fringe of distri-
bution and is in no sense a centre of the Rhododendron family. — Still
it is worthy of investigation and many of its Rhododendrons are hand-
some plants.

rom Bonin, Liukiu and Formosa some 22 species of Rhododendron
are at present known, of which 18 are endemic. The first known was
R. scabrum, named by G. Don in 1834, native of the Liukiu and long
cultivated in south Japan, but how and where Don obtained his material
we do not know. The last discovered was R. boninense Nakai in 1920
and introduced into cultivation by means of seeds which I secured through
Dr. Nakai’s assistance in the late autumn of 1924. The first Formosan
species discovered was R. Oldhamii by Richard Oldham in 1864 after
whom it was named by the Russian botanist Maximowicz. It was
introduced into cultivation in 1878 by Charles Maries and reintroduced
by myself in 1918 at which time I also introduced three other species
from Formosa. Theremaining endemic species arenot yet in cultivation
though several are well worthy of the honor.

The Bonin species (R. boninense Nakai) is known from one isolated
locality only and is the most eastern and remote representative of the
Azalea group. With its white flowers it reminds one of R. mucronatum
G. Don, better known as Azalea ledifolia.

From the Liukiu Archipelago and the neighboring Kawanabe Islands,
four species of Rhododendron are known. One species, the red-flowered
R. scabrum G. Don, better known as Azalea sublanceolata, is endemic, so,
too, is the variety eriocarpum Hayata of R. Simsii Planch. known only
from the Kawanabe Islands. R. Tashiroi Maxim. is common on Yaku-
shima and grows also on Mt. Kirishima and elsewhere in Kyushu, Japan.
The fourth species, R. leiopodum Hayata, is common to Yaeyama, the

158 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. vI

most southern of the Liukiu Islands, and to Formosa. On Okinawa,
R. scabrum G. Don with large gorgeous red flowers is, locally, fairly
plentiful but nowhere in the Liukiu Archipelago are Rhododendrons
a prominent feature of the vegetation, neither can they be called common
plants.

Three common east China Rhododendrons (R. Simsii Planch., R.
Mariesii Hemsl. & Wils., R. ovatum Planch.) have just a foothold on
Formosa, but all are rare plants there. This island with its high moun-
tains and magnificent forests has so far yielded 19 species of Rhododen-
dron of which 15 are endemic. On the higher mountains R. Mort: Hayata
and R. pseudochrysanthum Hayata are abundant as undergrowth in
the forests of Fir, Spruce and Juniper, growing socially and covering
large areas. R. pseudo-chrysanthum Hayata extends well above the
tree line and as a low shrub with gnarled branches grows on the summit
of Mt. Morrison, 13,072 ft. above sea-level. On rocky ridges and slopes
between 11,000 and 13,000 ft. it forms with Juniperus morrisonicola
Hayata well-nigh impenetrable thickets. But it is only on the higher
parts of this central range that one familiar with Rhododendrons in
western China and Japan would call them common plants in Formosa,

In the rich rain-forests on Arisan between 6000 and 8500 ft. altitude
the epiphytic R. Kawakamii Hayata is moderately plentiful. On open
grass-clad deforested mountain slopes beyond Arisan and toward Mt.
Morrison one Azalea (R. rubropilosum Hayata) grows socially in con-
siderable numbers. Through forests of mixed trees R. leiopodum Hayata
is scattered over much of the island between 2000 and 8000 ft. altitude.
From sea-level up to 7500 ft. altitude, the red-flowered R. Oldhamiu
Maxim. is plentiful being the low-level Azalea of the islands and in this
respect the homologue of R. Simsii Planch. in China and R. obtusum
Planch. in Japan. The other Formosa species may be considered rare
in the present state of our knowledge.

In all 21 species of Rhododendron are known from the mainland of
eastern China, 14 of which have not been reported from elsewhere.
Of this region I have but little personal acquaintance. On the Lushan
Mountains in Kiangsi I have collected R. Fortunei Lindl., R. ovatum
Planch., R. Mariesii Hemsl. & Wils., R. molle G. Don and R. Simsti
Planch., and on Hongkong have seen R. Championae Hook. in a wild
state. On the Lushan only R. Simsii Planch. and R. ovatum Planch.
are common plants. The first-named is found everywhere in China
from sea-level up to 6000 feet except in the north where the climate is
too severe. Rhododendron Fortunei Lindl. was the first true Rhododen-
dron introduced from the Orient. This handsome species with its frag-
rant, pink, 7-lobed flowers has been of immense service to Rhododendron
breeders, in England especially, and is part parent of a race of magnificent
hybrids now widely cultivated. R. ovatum Planch., like R. Mariesi
Hemsl. and R. molle G. Don, has its western limits in Hupeh province.

1925] WILSON, THE RHODODENDRONS OF EASTERN CHINA 159

All three appear to be plentiful in Chekiang province. R. Championae
Hook. for half a century considered endemic on Hongkong is now known
to grow as far north as the Chekiang-Fokien border. The other species
are little known and local in distribution, but our knowledge of the
flora of southeastern China is so fragmentary that it is unsafe to gen-
eralize.

Of the 40 species known from this region three species are described
here for the first time. The subgenus Eurhododendron is represented
by 16 species, Azaleastrum by 7 species and the subgenus Anthodendron
by 17 species. Keys to the species are given but those for the subgenera
and sections are omitted since they are to be found in my account of
the Rhododendrons of Hupeh in Jour. Arnold Arb. V. 84-107 (1924).

Suscen. I. EURHODODENDRON Enptu.
Sect. I. LEIORHODIUM Renp.

KEY TO THE SPECIES
MT pte eee Fo oe eek ny SR oie hdd acd nb aca-ala vied a wee atop ES 1. R. Fortunet
Corolla 5-lobed
Shoots and leaves floccose-tomentose, often glabrescent

Capsule not curved 2. RF. pseudochrysanthum

CD OL ea) Oe rr A

TS TINA eee olan Pek h ee ER Seka eed e ks oeed 3. R. anwheiense
Calyx not Sadat

ae Senin MM i Sts wx be tote So Selecta eae 4, R. a otarsanense

ME ed 2d he sea to ec mdi a Oe ue R. Morit

Shoots. elabrescent ee encrusted with firm, pale grey indian on lower
surface ver pustu

Leaves usu: ‘ally broadest above the middle
Calyx not glandular-ciliolate; style glabrous.......... 6. R. formosanum

Calyx glandular-ciliolate; style sparsely pra raranee andular. .7. 2. simiarum
Leaves broadest at or below the middle; calyx glabrous, s ides sp arsely pilose

Shoots glabrescent; leaves pustulate on the lower surface. R. h uperythrum
Shoots glabrous; ae es glabrous, subcoriaceous, green on pee surfac
Pedicals ss Oe hee vd Ky bk ne MEA RTE R RRR 10. R. Wesllandit
Pedicels gl: Binlaisiltose
oe SEN ae < stele

PO S8y O ORer 8. , O16 8H 8 9 Fe ee ew Oe ee € ike ew ale 12.

ary glabrous
Shoo ne ee when young more or less densely clothed ee shining brown
pilose hairs, many of them appressed................... Ge aie Tas hiror

1. Rhododendron Fortunei Lindley in Gard. Chron. 1859, 868.—
Hooker f. in Bot. Mag. xct. t. 5596 (1866).—Luscombe in Gard. Chron.
1868, 1067.—Maximowicz in Mém. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. sér. 7, Xvi. no.
9, 21 (Rhodod. As. Or.) (1870).—Mangles in Gard. Chron. n. s. xv.
299, 363 (1881).—Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxvi. 23 (1880), he
schneider, Hist. Eur. Bot. Disc. China, 476 (1898).—Bean in Flora &
Sylva, m1. 164 (1905); Trees & Shrubs Brit. Isles, m. 357 (1915); in Rhod.
Soc. Notes, 1. 187 (1918).—Schneider, Il]. Handb. Laubholzk. 11. 487, fig.
322 g-1 (1909).—Hemsley & Wilson in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. 1910,

160 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [VOL. VI

109, as to the Kiangsi plant.—Rehder & Wilson in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1.
541 (1914).—Millais, Rhodod. 169 (1917); 1m. 144 (1924).

Bush 2-6 m. tall with stout glabrous branches pruinose the first year.
Leaves glabrous, coriaceous, elliptic-oblong, 7.5-20 em., usually 11-1
em. long, 3-7 cm., usually 3.5-6 cm. wide, obtuse or rounded, usually
apiculate, base rounded, often sub-cordate, sometimes abruptly narrowed
and short-cuneate, dark green above, pallid below. costa very prominent
on under surface, secondary veins ascending-spreading; petiole stout,
glabrous, often pruinose on upper side, 2-3 cm. long. Flowers fragrant,
6-12 or more. racemose-corymbose, forming a broad dome-shaped
truss; rhachis stout, 3.5-6 cm. long, glabrous, sometimes sparsely short-
stipitate-glandular; calyx oblique, annular, minutely toothed, glabrous;
corolla pink, wide-funnelform-campanulate, 4-7 cm. long and broad,
7-lobed, lobes spreading, rounded or truncate, often emarginate; stamens
12-16, of very unequal length, half to two-thirds length of corolla, fila-
ments slender, usually sparingly papillose at base, anthers oblong, 2-3
mm. long; pistil exceeding stamens, shorter than corolla, ovary conic,
about 0.5 cm. long. usually sparingly glandular, style sparsely glandular,
thickened below capitate slightly lobed stigma. Fruit woody, erect,
pruinose, oblong-ovoid to ovoid, 2-3 cm. long, 1.2-1.5 em. broad,
slightly furrowed, crowned by remains of style, slightly verruculose from
remains of glands; pedicels rigid, erect or ascending, 1.5-3 cm. long;
seed flattened oblong-obovoid, about 3.5 mm. long, immersed in lustrous

wing.

Habitat: eastern China, Chekiang and Kiangsi provinces.

This handsome Rhododendron is characterized by its pruinose shoots,
dark green leaves pallid on the under surface and usually subcordate or
rounded at the base, its pink very fragrant blossoms with more or less
glandular pedicels and pistil, by its 7-lobed corolla, and by its large
erect pruinose fruit. It was the first Chinese Rhododendron with a
%-lobed corolla discovered and the first species hardy in the British Isles
to be introduced from China. The number of short-stipitate glands on
the pedicels varies and often they are absent or virtually so; this is also
true of the glands on the pistil. Occasionally there are a few sessile
glands on the inner surface of the corolla. The length of the stamens
also varies. In other respects the species is very constant. The truss
is large though somewhat loose and is borne well above the bold foliage;
the fragrance is most pleasing.

It was discovered in October, 1855, by Robert Fortune on the moun-
tains southwest of Ningpo in Chekiang province. The plants bore ripe
fruits and Fortune sent seeds to Mr. Glendinning, a nurseryman at
Chiswick, near London, who successfully raised a stock of young plants.
The species is common on other mountains of the Chekiang province and
especially so on the Lushan range of the contiguous province of Kiangsi
where it has been collected by several people including myself. The

1925] WILSON, THE RHODODENDRONS OF EASTERN CHINA 161

Lushan range appears to be the western limit of its distribution. The
mountains have been deforested and are now covered with a dense
growth of miscellaneous shrubs. Among these and especially alongside
torrents Fortune’s Rhododendron luxuriates.

Though grown and appreciated at Kew and in a few other gardens
in the south of England, R. Fortunei Lindl. does not appear to have been
a common plant in British gardens. In the Arnold Arboretum and else-
where in New England it is not hardy. The late Professor Isaac B.
Balfour was at one time sceptical of the true species being in cultivation
inclining to the belief that it has been lost and its name in gardens usurped
by plants of hybrid origin. I know the Kew plant very well and in this
herbarium are specimens collected from it so long ago as 1884 which
agree perfectly with specimens collected in China from wild plants.
I agree with Bean (in Rhodod. Soc. Notes, I. 187 [1918] ) that there are
really no reasons for doubting the genuineness of the plant growing at
Kew as R. Fortunet.

In the hands of the hybridist R. Fortunei Lindl. has proved a most
prolific and extremely valuable parent. The first hybrid appears to
have been R. Luscombei which resulted from the crossing of R. Fortunei
and R. Thomsonii Hook. f. about 1880 by Mr. T. Luscombe of Coombe
Royal, Kingsbridge, Devon. Among the more recent hybrids is X R.
Loderi raised by Sir E. Loder at Leonardslee by crossing R. Fortunei
and R. Griffithianum Wight in 1901. This hybrid has huge flowers pink
passing to white each from 6 to 7 inches in diameter and by many is
considered to be the most magnificent hybrid Rhododendron ever raised.
The only R. Fortunet hybrid hardy in the Arnold Arboretum is one named
“Duke of York” raised by George Paul of Cheshunt which has been
growing here since January, 1915.

For other named hybrids see Millais, Rhodod. 170 (1917).

2. Rhododendron pseudochrysanthum Hayata in Jour. Coll. Sci.
Tokyo, xxv. art. 19, 154, t. 26 (Fl. Mont. Formos.) (1908).—Kanehira,
Formos. Trees, 319, fig. 12, 326 Seni —Millais, Rhodod. 231 (1917).

Rhododendron chrysanthwm Matsumura & Hayata in Jour. Coll. Sci. Tokyo,
xxu. 218 (Enum. PI. heaves (1906).—Not Pallas

Bush 0.3-3 m. tall, branches very numerous, shoots relatively stout,
clothed with gray or rufous floccose tomentum, glabrescent; bud-scales
persisting on shoots for 1-3 years. Leaves crowded, very numerous,
coriaceous, elliptic-oblong to oblanceolate-oblong or lanceolate, 2-8 cm.,
usually 4-6 cm. long, 1.5-3.5 cm., usually 2-2.5 em. wide, subacute,
apiculate, base abruptly rounded, rarely narrowed, when young densely
clothed with rufous or gray floccose tomentum, upper surface soon
glabrescent, lustrous green, reticulate, lower surface floccose-tomentose,
glabrescent or glabrous when a few months old, midrib and secondary
veins impressed above, midrib prominent, glabrous or floccose below;
petiole stout, flattened, 0.5-1 cm. long, floccose or glabrous. Flowers

162 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. vi

10-20, crowded in umbellate corymb; rhachis 1-2 cm. long; pedicels
1.5-3 cm. long, short-stipitate-glandular and with rufous pubescence;
calyx minute, saucer-shape, with 5 irregular small triangular or rounded
teeth, glandular, ciliolate; corolla broad-campanulate, 5-lobed, 3-4 cm.
long and broad, lobes rounded, emarginate; stamens 10, shorter than
corolla, filaments flattened and villose at base; pistil as long as corolla;
ovary ovoid, 0.5 em. long, furrowed, clothed with rufous glandular pubes-
cence, style glabrous, stigma capitate, lobed. Fruit on elongated, erect
or ascending pedicels, short-cylindric, 1-1.5 em. long, 0.5 em. broad,
furrowed, glandular, crowned by remains of style; seed shining pale
brown, ovoid, almost wingless.
abitat: Formosa, higher mountains of the central range.

On the higher peaks of the central range this species grows gregariously
and covers large areas in impenetrable thickets. At most it does not
exceed 10 ft. in height, and is commonly from 3-5 ft. tall, with gnarled,
twisted, lichen-clad stems. On the summit of Mt. Morrison where it
grows associated with dwarf alpine Willows and Junipers it is less than
a foot high. It prefers open, rocky wind-swept situations and these it
struggles hard to dominate.

[ did not see it in bloom but gathered seeds and ripe fruiting material
in late October, 1918. For my description of the flowers I am indebted
to a specimen collected on Mt. Taihasen by T. Ito in 1915. It is a well-
marked species most closely related to R. Wasonii Hemsl. & Wils.,
native of extreme western Szechuan. It also has marked affinity with
R. Przewalskit Maxim. the most alpine member of the section Leiorhodion
known from western Szechuan. In all three species the rufous floccose
tomentum on shoots and leaves varies greatly in quantity and in persist-
ency.

In my mind Rhododendron pseudochrysanthum Hayata will always be
associated with my struggle across the central range to the summit of
Mt. Morrison. After having been storm-bound under some over-hanging
rocks at 11,000 ft. above sea-level for sixty hours we essayed the ascent of
the peak and in a bitterly cold storm of wind and sleet at length stood
athwart the Tropic of Cancer on the crumbling summit of Mt. Morrison
13072 ft. above sea-level, the highest mountain in the Japanese Empire
and the loftiest peak between the Sierra Nevadas of western North Amer-
ica and the snow-clad ranges of the Chino-Thibetan borderland. As a
souvenir of the conquest I gathered seeds of this Rhododendron on the
peak of Mt. Morrison (I could have collected them lower down) which
were sent to the Arnold Arboretum and distributed. This species is now
growing in gardens in the British Isles and elsewhere but I have not
heard that it has flowered. It was discovered prior to 1900 on Mt.
Morrison by a Japanese named Yamashita, and wrongly referred by
Matsumura to R. chrysanthum Pallas, a species with which it has very
little in common. It was rediscovered in the same locality by Messrs.

1925] WILSON, THE RHODODENDRONS OF EASTERN CHINA 163

T. Kawakami and U. Mori in November, 1906 and later described as a
new species by Hayata.

3. Rhododendron anwheiense, sp. nov.

Shrub with numerous stout branches sparingly floccose-tomentose
when young; winter-buds acute, glabrous, scales ciliolate. Leaves
glabrous, coriaceous, crowded at ends of shoots, ovate-lanceolate, 3-6
cm. long, 1.5-3 em. wide, acute, mucronulate, base rounded or abruptly
narrowed, upper surface bright green, reticulate, lower paler, areolate,
costa impressed above, secondary veins ascending-spreading; petiole 0.5—
1 cm. long, channelled above, sparingly gray-floccose-tomentose. Flowers
not seen. Fruit umbellate, erect, 6-10, cylindric, 1.2-1.8 cm. long,
curving, furrowed, crowned by remains of style, subtended by persistent
oblique saucer-shape calyx with minute triangular glandular-ciliolate
teeth; seeds shining dark brown, oblong, 2 mm. long, wingless with slight
prolongation of testa at base and apex.

Habitat: eastern China, Anwhei province.

This new species is characterized by its small glabrous leaves, retic-
ulate on the upper surface, its glandular-ciliate calyx-teeth and by its
glabrous cylindric curving capsules on erect pedicels. It is most closely
related to R. Przewalskii Maxim. which differs in its leaves being clothed
on the under side with a gray to brownish floccose and crustaceous
indumentum; it also has a stouter fruit. My material is poor but the
plant is so distinct that I do not hesitate to name it. It has no close
affinity with any species known from eastern or central China which is
strange when its habitat is considered. We know very little about the
botany of Anwhei province and the finding of this distinct Rhododendron
suggests the presence of other new plants. The specimen was collected
on Wang-shan at 1800 m. alt. in open rocky places on August 28, 1923,
by H. K. Ip (No. 4784 ex Herb. University of Nanking.)

4. Rhododendron nankotaisanense Hayata, Icon. Pl. Formos. 1x. 66
(1920).

Bush with branches thinly floccose-tomentose. Leaves coriaceous,
glabrous, oblong-lanceolate, 5.5-9 em. long, 2.5 em. wide, acute, base
rounded, dark green, costa impressed above, secondary veins indistinct,
ascending-spreading; petiole 1.5—-2 cm. long, channelled above. Flowers

1 Rhododendron anwheiense, sp. nov. Frutex ramis robustis numerosis, juvenilibus
sparse floccoso-tomentosis; gemmae acutae, glabrae, oes ciliolatis. Folia arp
coriacea, in apice ramulorum congesta, ovato-lanceolata, 3-6 em. longa et 1.5-3 ¢
lata, acuta, mucronulata, basi rotundata vel subito ee supra laete viridia,
reticulata, subtus pallidiora, areolata, costa supra impressa, venis, ascendenti-pa tentibus;

petioli 0.5-1 cm. longi, supra canaliculati, sparse cinereo-floccoso-tomentosi. Flores non
visi. sain 6- umbellati, erecti, cylindrici, 1.2-1.8 em. longi, curvati, sulcati,
styli vestigio coronati, calyce persistente obliquo cupuliformi lobis minutis triangularibus

Seduesc. dlcintis instructo suffulti; semina lucida, intense brunnea, oblonga, 2 mm.
longa, exalata, testa basi et apice leviter protracta.

164 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [VoL. vI

umbellate; pedicels slender, 1.5-2 cm. long, glabrous; calyx glabrous,
saucer-shaped, with 5 minute triangular acute or obtuse teeth; corolla
campanulate, about 3 em. long and broad, 5-lobed, lobes spreading,
rounded, emarginate; stamens 10, unequal, rather shorter than corolla,
filaments flattened and villose at base; pistil slightly exceeding stamens,
ovary oblong-ovoid, 0.4—0.5 cm. long, furrowed, glabrous, style filiform,
glabrous; stigma capitate, lobed. Fruit unknown.

Habitat: Formosa, Nankotaisan, alt. 3300 m.

This species is characterized by its glabrous, oblong-lanceolate leaves,
its relatively small campanulate flowers with glabrous pedicels and
pistil. It is a critical species closely related to R. Morii Hayata and may
indeed be a glabrous condition of that species which is larger in all its
parts, with the petiole and often the under surface of the leaves sometimes
floccose-tomentulose, the pedicels short stipitate-glandular and the
ovary clothed with short red-brown hispid pubescence. The material
available is, however, too fragmentary for accurate comparison. It
consists of two leaves, two flowers and two separated pistils of the co-
type of R. nankotaisanense Hayata. The author describes the filaments
as glabrous whereas in the flowers I have they are densely villose at the
base.

This species was discovered in April 29, 1917, by S. Sasaki on Mt.
Nankotaisan and does not appear to have been re-collected or found
elsewhere. It is not in cultivation.

5. Rhododendron Morii Hayata in Jour. Coll. Sci. Tokyo, xxx. art.
1, 173 (Mat. Fl. Formos.) (1911); Icon. Pl. Formos. mr. 1389 (1913); v1.
28 (1916).—Kanehira, Formos. Trees, 319, fig. 1, 324 (1917).

Rhododendron brachycarpum Hayata in sini Coll. Sci. Tokyo, xxv. 152 (FI.
Mont. Formos.) (1908).—Not G. Dor

Rhododendron pachysanthum Hayata, te Pl. ane mi. 140 (19138).—
Kanehira, Formos. Trees, 319, fig. 4, 325 (191

Bush 2-8 m. or tree 10 m. tall itt trunk 1 m.in girth, much branched,
branches rather slender, with short gray scurfy tomentum, usually
soon glabrous or glabrescent. Leaves subcoriaceous, often crowded,
oblong-lanceolate, 6-15 cm., usually 8-12 cm. long, 2-4 em., usually 2.5—
3.cm. wide, acute or short-acuminate, apiculate, base abruptly narrowed,
rounded, sometimes sub-auriculate, often broad-cuneate, occasionally
oblique, when mature green, glabrous and somewhat lustrous on both
surfaces, sometimes sparsely floccose-tomentulose on lower surface,
midrib impressed above, prominent below, secondary veins obscure on
upper, often slightly raised on lower surface; petiole 1-2.5 cm. long,
channelled above, glabrescent or gray floccose-tomentulose. Flowers
6-20, umbellate-racemose; rhachis 1-3 cm. long; pedicels ascending-
spreading or spreading, 1.5-2.5 em. long, short-stipitate-glandular;
calyx minute, saucer-shaped with 5 small triangular teeth, glabrous or
nearly so; corolla white, dotted with brown-purple honey guides, cam-
panulate, 3.5—4.5 em. long and broad, 5-lobed, lobes somewhat spreading,

1925] WILSON, THE RHODODENDRONS OF EASTERN CHINA 165

rounded, emarginate; stamens 10, of unequal length, shorter than corolla,
filaments flattened and puberulous at base; pistil overtopping stamens,
included, ovary oblong-ovoid, about 0.6 cm. long, furrowed, clothed
with short red-brown hispid pubescence; style curved, glabrous or nearly
so, stigma capitate. Fruit cylindric, curved, 1.5-2.5 em. long, 0.5 cm.
broad, furrowed, glabrescent or sparsely pubescent, slightly verruculose;
seed ellipsoid, shining pale brown, about 2 mm. long, with minute wing
at apex and base.

abitat: Formosa, forests on central range between 2100 and 3200 m. altitude.

This is the common Rhododendron of the Formosan forests above
the elevation of 6500 ft. when it grows to a large size. Very often it is
a wide-spreading shrub from 20 to 25 ft. high, occasionally as much as
30 ft., with a trunk 3 ft. in girth. Around Arisan and on the ranges
beyond it is plentiful but clings to the edge of the forests of mixed
broad-leaf trees and Conifers. I did not see it in bloom but judging from
herbarium specimens it is much less showy than many other east Asiatic
species. The flowers are white, spotted with brown-purple, numerous,
sometimes as many as twenty, in a rounded truss but they are small
for such a large and vigorous plant. It is most closely related to R.
pachytrichum Franch. of western Szechuan which though similar in
appearance of flower and foliage has usually densely hairy shoots.
Hayata distinguishes his R. pachysanthum by its leaves being densely
tomentose below, less reticulate on the upper surface and its glabrous
style. I do not find these characters so marked neither are they constant,
the tomentum on the under surface of the leaves is floccose and may dis-
appear partially or wholly and early or late as is the case with other
species having this type of pubescence.

Rhododendron Morii was named by Hayata from material collected in
1908 on Mt. Randai by U. Mori but appears to have been first discovered
the year previous by T. Kawakami on Mt. Morrison and wrongly referred
to the Japanese R. brachycarpum G. Don by Hayata. It has since been
found on many mountains of the central range. On October 31, 1918, I
gathered ripe seeds on the summit of Arisan and sent them to the
Arnold Arboretum who distributed them among friends in Europe and
America. It is now growing in several gardens but I have not heard
that it has flowered in cultivation.

6. Rhododendron formosanum Hemsley in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform.
1895, 183.—Matsumura & Hayata in Jour. Coll. Sci. Tokyo, xx. 218
(Enum. Pl. Formos.) (1906).—Matsumura, Ind. Pl. Jap. u. pt. 2, 459
(1912).—Hayata, Icon. Pl. Formos. mr. 132 (1913); rx. 65 (1920).—
Kanehira, Formos. Trees, 319, fig. 3, 320 (1917).—Hutchinson in Millais,
Rhodod. 168 (1917).

Bush 2-6 m. or tree 10 m. tall with trunk 1 m. girth, shoots rigid,
purple-brown, when young clothed with pale gray scurfy tomentum,
soon glabrescent. Leaves crowded, oblong-lanceolate to oblong-oblanceo-

166 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [VoL. vr

late, 7-12 cm. long, 1-3 em. wide, subacute or obtuse, base narrowed,
cuneate, upper surface lustrous green, lower densely covered with pale
gray crustaceous indumentum, midrib impressed above, prominent
below, secondary veins inconspicuous; petiole 1-1.5 em. long, glabrous.
Flowers 10-20 in rounded umbellate corymbs; rhachis 1.5-2 em. long;
outer bud-scales glabrous, inner densely clothed with soft appressed
tomentum; pedicels 1-3 em. long, clothed with short curled rufous brown
pubescence; calyx annular, pubescent, with 5 minute broad rounded or
triangular teeth; corolla white or pink with few purple-brown honey-
guides, wide-funnelform, about 3-4 em. long, 3.5—4.5 em. wide, 5-lobed,
lobes 1.5 cm. long, rounded or emarginate; stamens 10-12, included, fila-
ments unequal, flattened and villose at base; pistil equalling the corolla,
ovary ovoid, 4 mm. long, densely clothed with short appressed gray-
brown pubescence, style glabrous, stigma capitate lobed. Fruit not seen.

Habitat: Fo ormosa, central mountains between 1500 and 2000 m. altitude.

The species is characterized by the pale gray under surface of its
leaves and by its pubescent pedicels, calyx and ovary. It is most closely
related to R. hypoglaucum Hemsl., native of central China, which has
glandular and less strongly pubescent pedicels and calyx, and a glabrous,
narrow-ovoid ovary. Living plants of these two species are quite dif-
ferent in appearance though their morphological differences appear
slight when written down.

In mixed forests, rich in species of Oaks, at 5500 ft. altitude near
Tentana in Shinchiku prefecture, I found R. formosanum Hemsl. in full
flower on April 6, 1918, and the above description is based on this mate-
rial. The species was quite common and often of large size and tree-like
in habit. The rounded trusses are of good size and the flowers white
or pink in color. First discovered by Augustine Henry in the southern
part of the island in 1894 this Rhododendron has since been found in
several districts and appears to extend along the central ranges from
south to north. It is the most beautiful species of its section known to
grow in Formosa and well worth introducing into gardens.

7. Rhododendron simiarum Hance in Jour. Bot. xxi. 22 (1884).—
Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxvi. 30 (1889).—Dunn & Tutcher in Kew
Bull, Mise. Inform. add. ser. x. 155 (Fl. Kwangtung & Hongk.) (1912),

a semen he rdii Hemsley in . Bull. Mise. Inform. 1894, 5; in Bot.
Ma t. S111 (1906).—Bea in Flora & Syva, III. 163 (190 5).—
ise se Tater Kew Bull. Mise. eats mar se 155 (FI. > east
& Hongk.) (1912).—Millais, Rhodod. 168 (1917); ee 143 (1924).

Bush about 2 m. tall, Ivanches numerous, stout, when young clothed
with gray floccose tomentum, glabrescent; bud-scales glandular. Leaves
crowded at ends of branches, coriaceous, oblanceolate-oblong to lanceo-
late or oblong-lanceolate, 4-9 cm. long, 2-3.5 cm. wide, obtuse or rounded,
base narrowed to vetiole, upper surface of young leaves clothed with
floccose gray tomentum, later glabrescent, lustrous dark green, reticulate;
lower surface densely clad with pale gray or dun-colored crustaceous

1925] WILSON, THE RHODODENDRONS OF EASTERN CHINA 167

indumentum, costa impressed above, raised below, secondary veins
ascending-spreading; petiole 1-1.5 cm. long, slightly winged. Flowers
4—6 or more, umbellate-racemose, rhachis 1-2 cm. long, surrounded
by semipersistent glandular bud-scales; pedicels ascending-spreading,
2-3 cm. long, sparsely or densely pubescent; calyx discoid, with 5 small
triangular acute ciliolate-glandular teeth; corolla pink, pale within
with few rose-pink dotted honey-guides, campanulate, about 7.5 cm.
long and wide, 5-lobed, lobes spreading, rounded, emarginate; stamens
10-12, unequal, slightly shorter than corolla, filaments sparsely hairy
in lower half, anthers yellow; pistil slightly overtopping stamens, equaling
the corolla, ovary ovoid more or less clothed with short rufous hairs,
style curving, sparsely stipitate-glandular at base, stigma capitate.
Fruit woody, ovoid, about 1 em. long often ae
erect on stout ascending- spreading pedice

Habitat: Kwangtung province, Lo-fau-shan; a Island.

This is a very distinct plant with rigid stems and crowded coriaceous
oblanceolate-oblong to lanceolate obtuse leaves, gray on the lower sur-
face, and small very woody fruits. It is known to measa cultivated
plant in England and whilst pretty in a quiet way it cannot be rated a
high class garden plant, moreover, it is tender.

The loan of a fragment of Hance’s type (No. 22205) from the Herb.
British Museum enables me to establish its identity with R. Fordii
Hemsl. Presumably no one has heretofore compared actual material,
for the identity is obvious.

8.. Rhododendron fokienense Franchet in Bull. Soc. Bot. France,
XLVI. 210 (1899).—Millais, Rhodod. 167 (1917); um. 143 (1924).

Branches glabrous, clothed with dark brown bark; winter-buds ovate,
long acuminate, ciliolate. Leaves stout, coriaceous, lanceolate to oblong-
lanceolate, 7-10 em. long, 1.5—-2.5 em. broad, acute, base cuneate, upper
surface glabrous, dark lustrous green; under surface densely clothed
with pale gray crustaceous indumentum, costa impressed above, promi-
nent below; petiole flattened, 1.5 to 2 cm. long. Flowers 4 to 6,
umbellate-racemose; pedicels slender, ascending-spreading, 2 cm. long,
sparsely puberulous; calyx annular, obscurely 5-toothed, teeth minute,
triangular, acute; corolla funnelform-campanulate, about 4 cm. long and
broad, 5-lobed, lobes spreading, rounded or sub-acute, stamens 10,
shorter than the corolla, filaments densely pubescent in the lower
half; pistil longer than the corolla, ovary villose, style filiform, sparsely
pilose near the base, stigma ca aan Fruit not seen.

Habitat: eastern China, Fokien province.

This species is Fea by its long acuminate bud-scales, by the
gray under surface of its shining coriaceous leaves, by its thinly puberul-
ous pedicels and by its pilose style. As Franchet points out it is closely
related to R. hypoglaucum Hemsl. which, however, has rounded not
long acuminate bud-scales and a glabrous pistil. It is also very closely

168 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou vr

related to R. formosanum Hemsl. which is a more vigorous plant with
rounded bud-scales, a very much larger inflorescence, and pedicels densely
clothed with short curled rufous-brown pubescence and a glabrous style.

Rhododendron fokienense Franch. was discovered on the mountains
round Kuatun in April, 1898, by J. de la Touche. It is unknown to me
except from Franchet’s description and photographs of the type specimens
preserved in Herb. Paris. It would appear to be a very critical plant
but in the present imperfect state of our knowledge of the flora of Fokien
it would be unwise to unite it with any known species. It is not in culti-
vation.

9. agape elu ty Hayata, Icon. Pl. Formos. ur. 133

(1918).—Kanehira, Form Trees, 319, fig. 5, 320
en ribropunctatom Hayata, Icon. Pl. Biaoe- III. 141 (1913).—
Kanehira, For . Trees, 319, fig g. 7, 327 (1 917).

Bush with stout hati glaucescent the first year. Leaves coriace-
ous, oblong to elliptic-oblong, without petiole 7-12 em. long, 2-3.5 em.
wide, abruptly subacute, base narrowed, glabrous on upper surface,
dotted with rufous pustulate glands on lower, midrib impressed above,
prominent below, secondary veins ascending-spreading, slightly raised
on under surface; petiole stout, glabrous, 1.5-2.5 em. long, furrowed
above. Flowers racemose-umbellate, 10 or more; pedicels ascending-
spreading, 3-4.5 cm. long, sparingly glandular; calyx saucer-shaped

with 5 small irregular rounded or acute teeth, glandular; corolla wide-
funnelform-campanulate, about 4.5—5 em. long and broad, dotted with
dark heney-guides, 5-lobed, lobes rounded; stamens about 10, unequal
in length, shorter than corolla, filaments filiform, flattened and pubescent
at base, anthers oblong, 3 mm. long; pistil as long as corolla, ovary
ovoid, 0.6 em. long, furrowed, densely glandular, style filiform, curving
capasd glandular in lower half, stigma large, capitate, lobed. Fruit
not see

Habitat: Formosa, Mt. Shichisei, and central regions of the island.

This is a very handsome Rhododendron, well distinguished by the
multitude of red-brown minute pustules which dot the lower surface of
its elliptic-oblong leaves. It obviously belongs to the section Leiorhodium
and not to that of Lepipherum, in spite of the presence of these pustulate
leaf-glands. I know of no other species so anomalous. Unfortunately
I did not see this Rhododendron growing in Formosa, and my knowledge
of it is based on co-type herbarium specimens. The species was dis-
covered in central Formosa by N. Konishi and is not in cultivation.
On material collected by S. Sasaki in 1910 on Mt. Shichisei in Taihoku
Prefecture, Hayata has based another species (R. rubropunciatum).
I can find nothing to distinguish these supposed two species; both have
the remarkable pustulate glands on the under surface of the leaves.

10. Rhodcdendron Westlandii Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxvr. 31
(1889).—Dunn & Tutcher in Kew Bull. Mise. Inform. add. ser. x. 155

1925] WILSON, THE RHODODENDRONS OF EASTERN CHINA 169

(Fl. Kwangtung & Hongk.) (1912).—Hutchinson in Millais, Rhodod.
261 (1917); ed. 2, 260 (1924).

Shrub sometimes 6 m. tall; branches thin, rigid, glabrous; bud-scales
glabrous, ciliate. Leaves crowded at ends of shoots, subcoriaceous,
glabrous, oblong-lanceolate to elliptic-lanceolate, 5-10 cm. long, 1.5-
4 cm. wide, acuminate, base cuneate, dark lustrous green above, paler
below, margin slightly recurved, secondary veins ascending-spreading;
petiole 0.8-1.5 cm. long, glabrous. Flowers umbellate, 6-8 or more; pedi-
cels stout, 1-1.5 em. long, glabrous; calyx saucer-shaped with 5 minute
rounded or acute somewhat erose teeth, glabrous; corolla lilac-color,
funnelform-campanulate, 5-6 cm. long and broad, deeply 5-lobed, tube
narrow, 1.5-2 cm. long, lobes spreading, spathulate to obovate, rounded;
stamens 10, unequal, shorter than corolla, filaments flattened and papil-
lose in lower half; pistil nearly or quite equaling the corolla, glabrous,
ovary narrow-ovoid, 0.5 cm. long, furrowed, glabrous, style relatively
stout, stigma large, capitate. Fruit not seen.

Habitat: Kwantung provinee, Lantao Island, Kowloon, and Swatow.

This is a perfectly glabrous species except for a slight pubescence on
the basal part of the filaments. It has very numerous ciliolate bud-
scales and a several-flowered terminal umbellate inflorescence. The
foliage and habit of growth suggests certain species of Pittosporum.
The lilac-colored flowers are said to be fragrant. This Rhododendron
appears to be a rare and local species and not to have been introduced
into cultivation. It was discovered about 1885 by A. B. Westland on
Lantao Island; in 1914 W. J. Tutcher found it on the mainland in the
new British territory of Kowloon. It was ee on the summit of
Phoenix Mt., Swatow in 1905 by S. T. Dun

11. Rhododendron Henryi Hance in Jour. Bot. xrx. 243 (1881).—
Hemsley in Jour. Linn. Soc. xxvi. 24 (1889).—Hutchinson in Millais,
Rhodod. 185 (1917); ed. 2, 154 (1924

Be ateg oe crliato-pedicellatum Hayata, leon, Pl. Formos. ur. 131 (1913).—
Kom 1 Matsumura, Icon. Pl. K oisikav. 1. 73, t. 121 (1914).

Bush 1 m. or more tall; branches subverticillate, slender, rigid, gla-
brous; bud-scales glabrous, ciliolate. Leaves thinly coriaceous or charta-
ceous, clustered at end of shoot, glabrous, lustrous green on both surfaces,
oblong-lanceolate to elliptic-lanceolate, 4—-7.5 em. long, 1.5-3 em. wide,
short-acuminate or acute, base narrowed, margin slightly recurved,
sometimes obscurely or irregularly serrulate, reticulate, secondary veins
spreading, only slightly ascending, branching; petiole 1-1.5 em. long,
stipitate-glandular or glabrous. Flowers umbellate, 5 to several; pedi-
cels 1-1.5 cm. long, clothed with short, curled glandular hairs; calyx
discoid, with 5 minute rounded or acute ciliolate, often irregularly
pectinate teeth; corolla pink, campanulate, 4.5-5.5 em. long and
broad, deeply 5-lobed, tube narrow-campanulate, 1-1.5 em. long, lobes
spreading, oblong to spathulate, 3-4 cm. long, rounded or subacute,

170 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARGORETUM [VoL. vI

stamens about 10, shorter than corolla, filaments slender, more or less
villose in lower half; pistil overtopping stamens, ovary cylindric, 0.5
em. long, furrowed, villose, style filiform, glabrous, stigma capitate.
Fruit cylindric, 2 em. long, 0.5 em. wide, furrowed, Pideiioes

Habitat: eastern China, Kwangtung and Fokien provin

This species is characterined by its villose ovary, an glandular-villose
pedicels, often setose-glandulose petioles and by the curious serrations
of many of its leaves. Through the courtesy of the Herb. Brit. Museum
and of Kew, I have on loan fragments of Hance’s type and fron the
Herb. Edinburgh I have on loan two specimens collected at Thai-yong,
some 60 miles west of Swatow by Dr. . Dalziel. In this herbarium
is a specimen (No. 2667) collected on Aon 26, 1924, by H.H. Chung
in Inghok Hsien, Fokien province. This is all the material I have seen.
It agrees well and certainly all belong to the same species. Hayata in
describing his R. ciliato-pedicellatum evidently overlooked Hance’s
species.
Rhododendron Henryit must be a pleasing and free-flowering species
well worth introducing into our gardens. It was discovered in March,
1881 by the Rev. B. C. Henry

12. Rhododendron Dunnii, sp. nov.!

A shrub with glabrous slender rigid branches clothed with pale gray
bark; bud-seales numerous, ciliolate, glabrous without, glandular on
inner surface. Leaves glabrous, thinly coriaceous, oblong-lanceolate to
oblanceolate-oblong, 5-9 em. long, 2.5-4 em. wide, short-acuminate,
base narrowed, cuneate, upper surface lustrous dark green, reticulate
with impressed midrib, lower surface dull green, with prominent arching
ascending-spreading secondary veins; petioles glabrous, 1-1.5 cm. long.
Flowers 4-10 or more in terminal umbellate-corymbs; pedicels 1-2
em. long, densely glandular-villose; calyx glabrous, discoid with 5
broad-ovate to triangular obtuse or rounded teeth each from 0.5—1.5
mm. long; corolla pink, funnelform, 4-5 em. long and broad, deeply
5-lobed, tube narrow, 1.5-2 cm. long, lobes spreading, spathulate-
oblong to oblong, obtuse or rounded, emarginate or mucronulate;

1 Rhododendron Dunnii, sp. nov. Frutex ramis tenuibus rigidis cortice pallide cinereo
vestitis; perulae numerosae, cilinlatae, extus glabrae, intus glandulosae. Folia glabra,
tenuiter coriacea, oblongo-lanceolata vel oblongo-oblanceolata, 5-9 cm. longa et 2.5-4

. lata, breviter acuminata, basi attenuata, cuneata, supra lucida, intense viridia,
en ulata, costa impressa, subtus — viridia, venis prominentibus arcuatis as-
caret ie! -patulis; petioli glabri, 1-1.5 . longi. Flores 4-10 vel plures, racemoso-

ellati; pedicelli 1-2 em. longi, fea nse haat “yillosi: calyx glaber, discoideus,
lobis 5 tele ovatis vel triangularibus obtusis vel rotundatis 0.5-1.5 em. longis; corolla
rosea, “enfundsbulifuranis, 4-5 em. longa ac lata, profunde = loba, tubo angusto 1.5-2 em.
longo, lobis patentibus spathulato-oblongis vel oblon usis vel rotundatis emargina-
tis vel mucronulatis; stamina 10, corolla breviora, Gianieotie sean ale ee infra medium
villosis, oa oblongis; espe glabrum, stamina aequans vel paullo superans,
ovario cylindrico circiter 0.7 em. longo sulcato, stylo filiformi, stigmate capitato.
Fructus non visus

1925] WILSON, THE RHODODENDRONS OF EASTERN CHINA 171

stamens 10, shorter than corolla, filaments flattened, villose on lower
half, anthers oblong; pistil glabrous, equaling or slightly exceeding the
stamens in length, ovary cylindric, about 0.7 cm. long, furrowed, style
filiform, stigma capitate. Fruit not seen

Habitat: eastern China, Kwangtung and Fokien provinces.

This new species is characterized by its glabrous lustrous leaves, its
numerous flowered umbellate-corymbs, its glandular-villose pedicels,
and by its glabrous pistil. It is most closely related to R. Henryi Hance
which has a villose ovary, more acute calyx-lobes usually setose-glandular
petioles and often irregularly serrulate leaves. It may also be compared
with R. Westlandit Hemsl. which differs in its perfectly glabrous pedicels
and is stouter in all its parts. I have based this species on a specimen
loaned from Herb. Kew which was collected on April 13, 1909, by S. T.
Dunn at the bottom of Phoenix Mountain near Swatow (Hongkong
Herb. No. 5802). I have also before me two specimens (Nos. 8, 9 in
Herb. Edinburgh) collected in Fokien province by J. de la Touche
which belong here. The flowers on Dunn’s specimen are rather smaller
than on La Touche’s, otherwise they agree perfectly.

18. Rhododendron Tashiroi Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St.
Pétersb. sér. 3, xxx1. 64 (in Mél. Biol. x1. 489) (1887).—Hemsley in
Jour. Linn. Soc. xxvi. 31 (1889).—Matsumura in Tokyo Bot. Mag. x11.
3 (1898); Ind. Pl. Jap. m. pt. 2, 465 (1912).—Komatsu in Matsumura,
Icon. Pl. Koisikav. m1. 115, t. 203 (1917).—Millais, Rhodod. 250 (1917).

Rhododendron spec. Maximowicz in Bot. Jahrb. v1. 64 (1885)

A much-branched shrub 2-6 m. tall; nesnelics slender, more or less
clothed with shining brown pilose hairs the first year, afterward gla-
brous; winter-buds more or less villose. Leaves crowded, subverticillate,
short petiolate, coriaceous, oblanceolate or lanceolate to elliptic-ovate,
—7 cm. long, 1-3.5 . broad, acute or abruptly short-acuminate,
mucronulate, base Sree when young clothed with long peace
gray-brown pilose hairs, upper surface soon glabrous, shining green,
reticulate, under surface pallid with more or less persistent straight
appressed hairs, midrib impressed above, margin crenulate-serrate;
petiole 0.3-0.8 cm. long, more or less hirsute. Flowers umbellate, 2-5,
subtended by semipersistent bud-scales; pedicels 0.6-1.2 em. long,
densely clothed with short, shining gray-brown pilose hairs; calyx an-
nular, minutely 5-toothed, pilose and ciliate; corolla pale rose-purple,
sparingly spotted with purple-maroon honey-guides, funnelform, 2.5—
3.5 cm. long and broad, 5-lobed, lobes spreading, rounded, truncate,
emarginate; stamens 10-12, unequal, longest nearly as long as corolla,
filaments flattened, glabrous; pistil equaling the corolla in length,
ovary ovoid, 3 mm. long. densely clothed with short straight flattened,
appressed shining gray-brown hairs, style straight, filiform, thickened
upward, glabrous, stigma nearly simple or slightly lobed. Fruit narrow-
ovoid, about 1 cm. long, clothed with appressed flattened straight brown
hairs.

172 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [VoL. vI

Habitat: Liukiu Islands, Okinawa, sea-level to 500 m. alt., Kawanabe Islands;
Japan, Yakushima and southern Kyus hu.

This is a very twiggy plant well characterized by the brown villose
pubescence on its winter-buds, by its brown pilose shoots, pedicels and
ovary, by the appressed straight hairs on the leaves and by its glabrous
filaments. It is very free-flowering and its rosy-purple blossoms are
quite attractive. In mixed woods and thickets on Okinawa Island I
found this pleasing species to be common. I have material gathered
on the Kawanabe Islands by H. Ushio and when in Yakushima in 1914
I found it aplenty in the Cryptomeria forests usually growing epiphytic-
ally. In southern Kyushu it would appear to be rare. This is the only
species common to Japan and the Liukiu Islands. On Okinawa it was a
compact though rather narrow shrub from 2-3 m. tall but on Yakushima
it was often twice this height but much more sparingly branched and of
poor habit. It was discovered about 1880 on Oshima by Dr. L. Doeder-
lein and on anegashima by Y. Tashiro for whom it was named by
Maximowicz. There is no record of its having been introduced into
gardens. When dealing with the Rhododendrons of northeastern Asia
(in Jour. Arnold Arb. IV. 33-56 [1923] ), I overlooked this species.

Sect. II. LEPIPHERUM G. Don
KEY TO THE SPECIES
Shoot and petiole densely bearded...................0.00 00000. . R. Levinet
Shoot and petiole glabrous..........0.0.. 000.000 cece eee. 15. ze ‘Kawakamii

14, Rhododendron Levinei Merrill in Philip. Jour. Sci. Botany, xiu.
153 (1918).

Shrub 3-4 m. tall with rigid moderately stout branches dotted with
glistening chestnut-brown lepidote glands and bearded with spreading
rufous strigose hairs the first year, afterward glabrescent; bark thin,
peeling, mahogany-brown. Leaves clustered, coriaceous, elliptic to
elliptic-obovate, 4.5-8 em. long, 2.5-4 em. wide, rounded, truncate,
emarginate, mucronulate, base rounded or slightly and abruptly nar-
rowed, margin slightly recurved, ciliate, upper surface reticulate, lustrous
dark green with few scattered setose hairs most prominent on impressed
costa, lower surface glaucescent, densely dotted with glistening chestnut-
brown lepidote glands, secondary veins ascending-spreading, raised on
lower surface; petiole stout, 0.8-1.5 em. long, bearded with red-brown
strigose hairs. Flowers unknown. Fruit ellipsoid, 2.5 em. long, 1.5 em.
wide, rostrate, lepidote, verruculose, subtended by persistent mem-
branous calyx with spreading or deflexed ovate obtuse lobes 0.5-0.8
em. long; pedicels stout, 1-1.5 cm. long, lepidote; seed 1.5 mim. long,
oblong, immersed in pale brown membranous wing.

Habitat: eastern China, Kwangtung province.

A well marked species distinguished by its strigose hairy shoots and
petioles and by its obtuse, often truncate, mucronulate leaves, ciliate on
the margin, and by its large membranous calyx-lobes. The young

1925] WILSON, THE RHODODENDRONS OF EASTERN CHINA 173

shoots are red-brown and the bark is thin and peeling in the third year.
It is most closely related to R. ciliicalyr Franch. which has glabrous
shoots and petioles, a minute calyx and usually acuminate leaves. R.
Levinet Merrill was discovered in 1917 on Lo-fau Mountain, and has
not been introduced into cultivation.

15. Rhododendron Kawakamii Hayata in Jour. Coll. Sci. Tokyo,
xxx. art. 1, 171 (Mat. Fl. Formos.) (1911).

Epiphytic shrub, 0.3-1.3 m. tall; branches numerous, slender, often
tortuous, glabrous, gland-dotted; bud-scales acute, ciliolate, punctate.
Leaves subsessile, coriaceous, glabrous, numerous, clustered into remote
false verticils, spathulate to oblanceolate or obovate, 1.5-5 cm., usually
2.5-4 cm. long, 0.8-3 em., usually 1.5-2 em. wide, rounded, mucronulate,
base narrowed, upper surface dark green, lower paler, often yellow-
brown, copiously punctate, margin slightly recurved, midrib and sec-
ondary veins impressed above, raised below; petiole 0.2-0.5 em. long,
i Si Flowers racemose-umbellate, 5 or more; pedicels spreading,
2-2.5 cm. long, sparsely gland-dotted; calyx saucer-shaped, 5-lobed,
lobes irregular, oblong, lanceolate or triangular, 1-2 mm. long, glandular-
ciliolate; corolla glandular-punctate, rotate-campanulate, 1 cm. long,
1.2 em. broad, 5-lobed, lobes broad-oblong, rounded; stamens 10,
shorter than the corolla, unequal, filaments villose at the base, anthers
oblong, 2.5 mm. long; pistil shorter than the corolla, ovary ovoid,
2 mm. long, pubescent, style curved, glabrous, stigma capitate. Fruit
oblong-ovoid, about 1.2 cm. long, sparsely villose, dehiscing to base,
margins of valves wave

Hebitat: Formosa, forests on upper parts of Randai-san and Arisan

On and around ee between 5000 and 8000 ft. above sea-lev el this is
a very common epiphyte. It is particularly abundant in the forests of
Chamaecyparis formosensis Matsum. growing high up in the forks and
on the branches of these gigantic trees. But it is not confined to this
Conifer being found epiphytic on many kinds of trees in these rain forests.
It is a bushy plant, from 2 to 5 ft. high and broad, with numerous often
gnarled and lichen-clad branches. I did not see it in bloom and my
description of the flowers is from Hayata’s original account. The
species, as Hayata points out, is closely related to R. emarginatum Hemsl.
& Wils. which is native of southern Yunnan. These with which must
be associated Rhododendron Vidalii Rolfe and several other Philippine
and Malaysian species with their cuneate, spathulate to obovate, verticil-
late leaves, punctate on the under surface, form a little group distinct
from other sections of the vast genus. All are tropical and many of them
ae the last from necessity rather than choice. None are in culti-

on.

Pe iene Kawakami Hayata was discovered in the neighborhood
of Arisan, at an elevation of 7000 ft. above the sea-level, in 1906 by
Messrs. T. Kawakami and U. Mori.

174 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL vI

Sect. HI. RHODORASTRUM Maxim.
Renresented: BY iis5.cs 6000 da ef ssueonns 16. R. dauricum var. mucronulatum

16. Rhododendron dauricum var. mucronulatum Maximowicz in
Mém. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. sér. 7, xvi. no. 9, 44 (Rhod. As. Or.)
(1870).—Wilson in Jour. Arnold Arb. tv. 50 (1923) where references to
the synonymy and literature and a full account of iad plant are given.
A synonym not cited in my account of this hariecge

Rhododendron Argyt cag ine: in Fedde, Rep. Spec. Nov. xu. 102 (1913);
. Acad. Cien. Art. Barcelona, no. 2, 10 (Cat. Pl. Kiangsow) (1916).

In the summer of 1920, I saw Léveillé’s type preserved in Herb.
Edinburgh and identified it as R. dawricum var. mucronulatum Maxim.
In March of this year at my request Professor W. Wright Smith
examined the specimen and is in complete agreement with my identifica-
tion. As far as I can make out the place where this plant was coliected
is between Nanking and Soochow and I strongly suspect that it came
from a garden. If it was a spontaneous plant this would be several
hundreds of miles south of the known habitat of Maximowicz’s plant.

Suspaen. II. AZALEASTRUM Puancu.
Secr. I. EUAZALEASTRUM Wits.
KEY TO THE SPECIES
Corolla rotate

17. Rhododendron ovatum Planchon in Rev. Hort. 1854, 43.——Wilson
in Jour. Arnold Arb. v. 103 (1924), where references and synonymy and
a full account of the a are given. A synonym of this species not
recorded in 1

Rhododendro on lamprophyllum nee ita, Icon. Pl. Formos. 1. 185 (1913).—
Kanehira, Formos. Trees, 319, fig. 8, 321 (1917).

Hayata based his spec ies on eas collected by Messrs. T. Kawa-
kami and U. Mori on Mt. Randai in August, 1908. He describes the
capsule as ‘‘ovoideo-ellipsoidea, 8 mm. longa, 514 mm. lata.”” This is
slightly larger than any fruit I have seen of R. ovatum Planch. from conti-
nental Asia. Thanks to the courtesy of R. Kanehira I have a fragment
of Hayata’s type specimen and I can see nothing to distinguish it from
the well-marked and widely distributed R. ovatum Planch.

18. Rhododendron ellipticum Maximowicz in Bull. Acad. Sci. St.
Pétersb. sér. 3, xxx. 497 (Mél. Biol. xu. 742) (1888).—Hemsley in
Jour. Linn. Soc. xxvi. 22 (1889).—Millais, Rhodod. 158 (1917).

A glabrous bush. Leaves coriaceous, elliptic, 6-9 em. long, 2.2-4.5
em. broad, short-apiculate, petiole 1.3-2 em. long, glabrous. Flowers 1-2
in fascicles at the end of the shoot; pedicels glabrous, 2.5-3 cm. long,
sheathed in imbricated lanceolate bud-scales; calyx nearly obsolete or
with depressed hemispherical lobes; corolla pale rose-color, rotate, 6 cm.

1925] WILSON, THE RHODODENDRONS OF EASTERN CHINA 175

across, 5-lobed, lobes oblong-obovate; stamens 10, shorter than the
corolla, filaments densely paleaceous- tomentose on the lower half; pistil
over-topping the stamens;

Habitat: eastern China; exact locality unknown.

This species is unknown to me, neither have I seen any material which
can be referred to it. According to Maximowicz it is most closely related
to R. ovatum Planch. which is distinguished by having five stamens and
glandular-pilose pedicels and much smaller leaves. _Maximowicz, who
is always very accurate in his descriptions, describes the corolla as rotate
which is of course the shape of the corolla in R. ovatum Planch. The
Liukiu plant collected by Tashiro which Maximowicz also refers to his
R. ellipticum has a distinctly funnelform corolla with a narrow tube and
spreading lobes. I can only imagine that the material was in poor
condition and that he could not make out the shape of the corolla in the
Liukiu plant now called R. letopodum Hayata.

We do not know where R. ellipticum Maxim. was collected. There are
no herbarium specimens of it in this country and so far I have been
unable to discover that it has been seen by any subsequent explorer.
Until this happens it must remain an obscure species.

Sect. II. CHONIASTRUM Francu.
KEY TO THE SPECIES

ss a Plage la -campanulat
cles 1-flowered; leav “a coriaceous or subcoriaceous
ce ud-seales pubs nt; ca ce DUNG oa i250 bs beh CORR EES 19. R. Tanakai
Bud-scales pebrcia: ‘calyx not ciliate
HAWES. OVALE INNCOOINGE es 6655-455 8404 2a bow e ewe 20. R. Wilsonae

Leaves as ienecoiate to oblong-oblanceolat
ort-acuminate, venation cere i reli culate..21. R. leiopodum
ee oe acuminate, venation not prominently reticulate
22. R. Latoucheae
Fascicles several-flowered; leaves pubescent, membranous or chartaceous;
petioles and pedicels densely bearded and glandular....... 23. FR. Championae

Rhododendron Tanakai Hayata, Icon. Pl. Formos. tv. 15 (1914).—
Kanehira, Formos. Trees, 328 (1917)

Bush 2-5 m. or small tree 6 m. tall, with trunk 0.6 m. in girth; branches
subverticillate, slender, rigid, glabrous; buds clustered, acute, bud-scales
acute, clothed with short pale gray pubescence on outer side, ciliolate.
Leaves glabrous, clustered at end of shoot, subverticillate, sub-coriaceous,
lanceolate-oblong, 5-12 cm., usuaJly 8-10 cm. long, 1.5—4 em., usually
2.5-3.5 cm. wide, acute or short-acuminate, apiculate, base narrowed,
cuneate, margin slightly recurved, upper surface lustrous dark green,
lower pale green, secondary veins spreading, slightly ascending, branch-
ing; petiole glabrous, 1-1.8 cm. long, channelled above. Flowers fascicled,
fascicles lateral about the end of shoots, 1-flowered; pedicels glabrous
spreading, 2.5-3 cm. long; calyx discoid, with 5 minute, rounded, pectin-
ate-ciliate teeth; corolla funnelform-campanulate, about 5 cm. long and

176 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v1

broad, deeply 5-lobed; tube narrow, lobes spreading, spathulate to obo-
vate, obtuse or rounded and emarginate; stamens 10, shorter than corolla
filaments papillose-pubescent in lower half, anthers oval; pistil over-
topping stamens, shorter than corolla, glabrous, ovary cylindric, 0.8
em. long, furrowed, glabrous, style filiform, thickened below the capitate
stigma. Fruit dark brown, cylindric, 2-3.5 cm. long, furrowed, often
crowned with remains of style; seeds shining brown, oblong, 1.5—-2 mm.
long, wingless, with slight prolongation of testa at apex and base

Habitat: Formosa, Kagi province, Arisan, from 1650 to 2650 m. altitude.

From R. leiopodum Hayata, the other Formosan species of its group,
this is distinguished by its pubescent winter-buds and by its pectinate-
ciliate calyx. It is very local in distribution and so far known only from
the Arisan region in central Formosa. I saw several large bushes and
gathered specimens bearing old fruits but none in blossom. My descrip-
tion of the flowers is drawn from a co-type specimen. In my opinion its
position as a species rests more on its pubescent winter-buds than on the
characters set forth by Hayata.

On cliffs and among rocks I would call it fairly common in the forested
regions on and around Arisan. It is a large bush, open in habit, with
polished green leaves, crowded at the ends of the branches. It was
discovered by Messrs. Hayata, Kanebira and Tanaka in April, 1914,
but has not yet been introduced into cultivation.

20. Rhododendron Wilsonae Hemsley & Wilson in Kew Bull. Misc.
Inform. 1910, 116.—Wilson in Jour. Arnold Arb. v. 106 (1924), where
a full account of the species is found.

This rare species, first discovered in Hupeh, so far as is known, has
the eastern limits of its distribution on the mountains of northern
Kwangtung where it was discovered in 1917 by Rudolf Mell.

21. Rhododendron leiopodum eeage Icon. Pl. Formos. 111. 136, t.

24 (1913).—Kanehira, Formos. Trees, 319, fig. 6, 322 (1917
lactone ellipticum pee ann tay in Bull. Acad. Sei. St. Pétersb. sér. 3,
497 (in Mél. Biol. xu. 742) (1888), in part, as to satel a wnt.—

Tashiro in Tokyo Bot. Mag. 11. 4 (1889). —Matsumura 1 okyc .
Mag. x1. 13 (1898); Ind. Pl. Jap. 1. pt. : 7: 45 ee )12). = Maline 3 in Tolga
Bot. ee xvi. 47 (1904); pei YL Fess . pt. 3, 15, t. 9 (1906). P+ Spam
in Jour. Coll. Sei a see vi 2 (FI. Mont. Formos.) (190

I alae ximowicz, as
Bhsodenron leptvanthum Hanae, Ieon. Pl. Formos. m1. 1387 (1913),—
Kanehira, Fo Trees, 319, fig. 2, 323 (1917
Bid a lplanihum ‘Tone in M atsumura, Icon. Pl. Koisikav.
93, t. 131 (1915) —Not F. Mueller
Bush 2-6 m. tall, with slender rigid verticillate glabrous branches;
winter-buds clustered, acute, glabrous, bud-scales ciliolate. Leaves
glabrous, clustered at end of shoot, subverticillate, sub-coriaceous,
oblanceolate-oblong to oblong-lanceolate, 6-12 cm. long, 2-4.5 cm. wide,
acute or short-acuminate, mucronulate, base narrowed, cuneate, upper
surface lustrous dark green, lower pale green to pallid, secondary veins

1925] WILSON, THE RHODODENDRONS OF EASTERN CHINA 177

spreading, almost at right angles or very slightly ascending, branching;
petiole 0.5-1.5 em. long, glabrous. Flowers in fascicles clustered round
end of shoot, fascicles lateral, 1-flowered; pedicels 2.5-3.5 cm. long,
glabrous; calyx glabrous, annular, 5-toothed, teeth unequal and variable,
triangular and acute or membranous and elongated (oblong), 2-4 mm.
long; corolla apparently pink, funnelform-campanulate, about 5.5 long
and broad, deeply 5-lobed, tube narrow, lobes spathulate to obovate,
rounded; stamens 10, rather shorter than corolla, filaments flattened
and villose in lower half; anthers oval; pistil glabrous, equaling the sta-
mens in length, nes cylindric, 0.8-1 cm. se furrowed, style mod-
erately stout, stigma capitate. Fruit not see

Pr ae ae Liukiu Islands, Yaeyama. Formosa, a afi from 160 to 2666 m

This species is distinguished from the closely related R. Tanakai
Hayata by its glabrous winter-buds and calyx and by its rather smaller
flowers. The species, however, are very near kin. In Formosa R.
leiopodum Hayata is found scattered through the mixed hardwood
forests from a few hundred feet above sea-level in the north to an altitude
of 8000 ft. in the south. On Arisan in the central part of the island it
grows in rocky places in the Chamaecyparis and Tsuga forests. Though
wide-spread it is nowhere common. It is a large bush or even small
tree with long rigid branches and of rather open habit. I saw it growing
in many places but neither in flower nor fruit. My description is drawn
from flowering specimens collected on Arisan and at Uraisha in Taihoku
province by S. Sasaki. The variation in size of the calyx is marked but
this phenomenon is found among other members of its class and also in
other species widely removed. Hayata emphasizes the pallid under
surface of the leaves but I find this inconstant.

This species was discovered on Yaeyama, the southernmost large
island of the Liukiu Archipelago, by Y. Tashiro in 1887. Maximowicz
had some of the material and considered it the same species as one from
western Fokien. On this mixed material is based R. ellipticum Maxim.
but the description, mainly at least, is based on the Chinese plant which
unfortunately is not represented in any herbarium in this country. It
may be that Maximowicz was correct in his view but the floras of Formosa
and eastern China are not closely related, the affinity being in the western
part of China. On this ground I think it safer to accept Hayata’s name
for the insular species.

Hayata based his R. leiopodum on material collected on Bahozan in
Bioritzu Prefecture by Messrs. T. Kawakami and U. Mori in 1906.
On the mountains of Ako Prefecture, in the south of Formosa, T. Kawa-
kami in 1907 collected other material. On this Hayata based his R.
leptosanthum, which he distinguishes by its having smaller flowers and
ovate-oblong leaves. I have before me a specimen of this plant named
by Hayata, and can find no difference between it and material I have
of typical R. leiopodum.

178 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v1

22. Rhododendron Latoucheae Franchet in Bull. Soc. Bot. France,
XLVI. 210 (1899).—Millais, Rhodod. 200 (1917); 1. 171 (1924).

A shrub with rigid twiggy gray and glabrous branches. Leaves
crowded at end of shoot, semi-verticillate, rigid, coriaceous, glabrous,
oblong-oblanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, 7-10 em. long, 1.5-3 em.,
usually 2-2.5 em. broad, long-acuminate, base narrowed, cuneate, upper
surface dark lustrous green, lower pallid, costa impressed above, promi-
nent below; petiole rigid, 0.8—-1.2 cm. long. Flowers clustered at end of
shoots in 1-flowered lateral fascicles; pedicel glabrous, encased in semi-
persistent paleaceous concave imbricated acute glabrous ciliolate bud-
scales; calyx annular, glabrous, minutely 5-toothed, teeth sometimes
irregular in size, up to 3 mm. long; corolla funne!form-campanulate,
3.5-4.5 em. long and wide, very deeply 5-lobed, tube narrow, about 1
cm. long, lobes spreading, oblong-ovate to spathulate, rounded, often
short-apiculate; stamens 10, of very unequal length, longest slightly
exceeding corolla, filaments flattened and villose at base, anthers oval;
pistil glabrous, overtopping stamens, exserted, ovary cylindric, about
0.8 em. long, furrowed, style filiform, curving, slightly thickened below
the capitate obscurely lobed stigma. Fruit not seen.

Habitat: southeastern China, Fckien province.

A very glabrous species distinguished by its narrow rigid coriaceous
caudate leaves with deeply impressed costa and immersed secondary
nerves, its 1-flowered lateral fascicles, the pedicels sheathed in paleaceous
bud-seales, and by the deeply lobed corolla, villose filaments and gla-
brous pistil. The calyx teeth are sometimes elongated and as much as 3
mm. long, a phenomenon known among other species of the same group.
It is evidently a very elegant plant most closely related to R. Wilsonae
Hemsl. and Wils. which has broader ovate-lanceolate leaves and shorter
genitalia.

This species is unknown to me in a living state but I have a photo-
graph of the type specimen in Herb. Paris and four sheets on loan from
Herb. Edinburgh and collected by J. de La Touche. The thick narrow
caudate-acuminate leaves with deeply impressed midrib are striking.

23. Rhododendron Championae Hooker in Bot. Mag. Lxxvuit. t. 4609
(1851).—Bentham in Hooker, Jour. Bot. Kew Gard. Mise. iv. 299 (1852);
Fl. Hongk. 200 (1861).—Maximowicz in Mém. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb.
sér. 7, Xvi. no. 9, 33 (Rhodod. As. Or.) (1870).—Hemsley in Jour. Linn.
Soc. xxvi. 21 (1889).—Bean in Flora & Sylva, m1. 163 (1905).—Dunn
& Tutcher in Kew Bull. Misc. Inform. add. ser. x. 155 (Fl. Kwangtung &
Hongk.) (1912).—Millais, Rhodod. 141 (1917); 1. 107 (1924).

Bush about 2 m. tall, branches moderately stout, rigid, glandular-
hirsute in the first year; bud-scales ciliolate, outer pubescent, inner
glandular. Leaves crowded at ends of shoots, strongly veined, membran-
ous, oblong-lanceolate, 5.5-16 cm., usually 8-12 em. long, 2.5-5 cm.
usually 3-4 cm. wide, acute, mucronulate, base cuneate, rarely rounded,

1925] WILSON, THE RHODODENDRONS OF EASTERN CHINA 179

ciliate, upper surface dark green, scabrid, lower pale to gray green,
clothed with soft appressed hairs, costa and secondary veins impressed
on upper, raised and hispid on lower surface, secondary veins spreading
at right angles, branching; petioles 0.8-2 cm. long, bearded with stiff
gland-tipped hairs. Flowers 4 to several in elussered lateral fascicles;
pedicels stout, 1.5-2 cm. long, densely clothed with rufous brown pilose
hairs many of them gland-tipped; calyx membranous, pilose, saucer-
shaped, deeply 5-toothed, teeth unequal, triangular or lance- shaped,
0.2-0.8 cm. long, acute, ciliate; corolla pink, funnelform-campanulate,
5-8 cm. long and wide, deeply 5-lobed, tube narrow, 1.5-2.5 cm. long;
lobes spathulate, usually rounded; stamens 10, shorter than corolla,
filaments slender, papillose in lower half; pistil overtopping stamens,
nearly as long as corolla, ovary ovoid, rather less than 0.5 em. long,
densely clothed with appressed rufous-brown pilose often gland-tipped
hairs, style glabrous, stigma capitate. Fruit rostrate, cylindric, 4.5-7
em. long, about 0.5 cm. wide, furrowed, with remains of style forming
prominent beak, scabrid, with few scattered stipitate glands, pedicel

Habitat: eastern China, southeastern Chekiang, Fokien and Hongkon

This is a very distinct Rhododendron with thin oblong- lanceolate
strongly veined leaves with soft pubescence and often gray on the lower
surface, ciliate margins, bearded petioles, shoots and pedicels and long
cylindric scabrid fruit. It was this first Rhododendron species discovered
wild in China being found at Fort Victoria, Hongkong in 1849 by Captain
J. G. Champion who sent seeds to Kew and after whose wife it is named.
For many years it was considered endemic in Hongkong but in 1905 it
was found in Fokien province by S. T. Dunn and quite recently in the
southeast corner of Chekiang province. However, it appears to be a
rare plant. It is tender and has never become common in gardens.

Suscen. III. ANTHODENDRON Enpt.
Secr. I. TSUTSUTSI G. Don
KEY TO THE SPECIES

Bud-seales not viscid; shoots ee clothed with flattened, appressed hairs.
Corolla ey ame -campanulat

Stam
Peace and style glabrous; anthers apiculate.....24. R. a a opallle
Filaments and style villose; anthers not apiculate............ 5. R. Sasakii
Stamens 7 to 10.
eaves linear-lanceolate to recaps tiae or oblanceolate.
Leaves crenate- rand style villose................ 26. FR. Kanehirai
Leaves entire; style glabrous....................4.. 27. R. hainanense

Style villose at base; corolla pink.
aves conspicuously dimorphic, obovate to obovate-oblong, cd
oe ecco thie se dcadwamae 28. RF. lasiostylum
not conspicuously dimorphic, often widest below ae ck,
“elliptic- ovate to ovate-oblong or elliptic to elliptic-oblong, acute
29. R. rubropilosum

180 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v-

Style glabrous; ye red, rarely white or pink.
owers more t

Leaves elliptic ee ‘elliptic- oblong or oblong-obovate, from 2 to 5
Bs 55 pause wkend tia da eden une ey eanas ne 30. R. Simsia
Leaves oval to ovate-lanceolate, 1 to 2em.long.31. R. longiperulatum
F patie Ravel subd 2.5 em. across; leaves oblanceolate to oval, 1 em.
eh $2 ES ns GEOR SEN ARR RRO eR eed 32. R. Nakahara

Corolla with: fe > ma ee cylindric tube and spreading lobes; stamens 5.
tyle villose at base; corolla white to rose- seg Siveiaiah patie . Seniavinit
Style ne corolla lilac- colored, witha tube _34. R. Mariae

Bud-scales viscid on inner surface; co rolla zs pater lfor

Corolla white; shoots at petioles clad with pilose non- aie hairs
35. R. boninense

ee ee ee ee

Corolla red.
Shoots and petioles clad with ae often gland-tipped hairs; leaves not

)
conspicuously dimorphic, entire................0.00005- ’R. Oldhamii
Shoots and oe as ae pilose nor glandular; leaves conspicuously dimorphic,
PCPONMIAT Aisi cr eiainnie cin eee ts 4d these ke . R. scabrum

24. Rhododendron breviperulatum Hayata, Icon. Pl. Formos. 11.
129 (1913).—Kanehira, Formos. Trees, 318, 319, fig. 16 (1917).—
Komatsu in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xxxir. (14) (1918).

A much-branched shrub, branches slender. rigid, clothed with flattened
shining brown appressed strigose hairs. Leaves chartaceous, clothed
with scattered appressed-pilose hairs shining brown changing to gray,
scattered and clustered, ovate-elliptic to oblong-obovate, 2-3 cm. long,
1-1.5 em. wide, obtuse, callose-mucronulate, base narrowed, dark green
above, paler below, costa impressed on upper surface, venation reticulate;
petiole 0.3-0.5 cm. long. Flowers 3 to several in terminal fascicles,
pedicels 0.4-0.6 em. long, with calyx and ovary clothed with shining
brown flattened pilose hairs; calyx minute, 5-lobed, lobes membranous
ovate, 1-1.5 mm. long, ciliate; corolla funnelform, about 1.5 cm. long,
5-lobed; stamens 5, shorter than corolla, filaments flattened, glabrous
or virtually so, anthers oblong, 1.5 mm. long, apiculate at base; pistil
over-topping stamens, ovary conic, densely pilose, style glabrous except
at extreme base, filiform, dilated below capitate se see is not seen.

Habitat: Formosa, mountains of Nanto and Giran prefectur

This Azalea is distinguished from other Formosan cue by its small
flowers, each with 5 stamens, with glabrous, or virtually so, filaments and
anthers distinctly apiculate at the base. It is most closely related to
R. rubropilosum Hayata which has rather larger flowers each with 7 or 8
stamens with villose filaments, non-apiculate anthers and a markedly
pilose style, the leaves, moreover, are thicker and the costa more densely
clad with hairs in R. rubropilosum Hayata. When working on my Mono-
graph of Azaleas I had only the original description to guide me and
confused R. breviperulatum Hayata with a much larger flowered plant
which I now consider a new and distinct species and have named R.
Sasakii. Hayata gives Mt. Pusasai in Nanto prefecture as the type
locality. Material kindly supplied by R. Kanehira from the Government
herbarium of Formosa and marked ‘“‘co-type”’ is localized as Mt. Egiri,

1925] WILSON, THE RHODODENDRONS OF EASTERN CHINA 181

near Giran. U. Mori in April, 1909, is given as the collector in both
instances. On my visits to Formosa I did not see this Azalea; it is not in
cultivation.

25. Rhododendron Sasakii, no
sro breniperulatum Wilson i in a & Rehder, Monog. Azal. 28

A laxly acon. eieen 2 m. tall, branches slender, rigid, clothed
with appressed, flattened, dark red-brown strigose hairs; bud-scales
non-glandular, outer sparsely pubescent, inner densely clothed with
shining chestnut-brown pilose hairs. Leaves scattered and crowded,
oblanceolate to oblong-lanceolate and ovate-lanceolate, 1-3 cm., usually
about 2 cm.) long, 0.5-1 em. wide, subacute, obtuse or rounded, mucron-
ate, base narrowed, cuneate, rarely rounded, dark green above, both
surfaces and petiole clothed with appressed pilose hairs gray-brown
changing to gray, penninerved, costa impressed above; petiole 0.4-1 em.
ong. Flowers 2 to several in terminal fascicles; pedicels 0.3-0.5 em. long,
with calyx densely clothed with appressed red-brown pilose hairs;
calyx 5-lobed, lobes membraneous, oblong to oblong-ovate, 0.4-0.6 em
long, ciliate; corolla red, wide-funnelform, 3-3.5 em. long and broad
deeply 5-lobed, lobes rounded or obtuse; stamens 5, nearly or quite as
long as corolla, filaments villose in lower half, anthers oval, 1.5 mm. long;
pistil slightly exserted, ovary conic, 2-3 mm. long, densely strigose,
style filiform, with aad gray pilose hairs on lower half slightly dilated
below capitate stigm eee a seen.

Habitat: Formosa, Witte p pr ce, Horisha, planted in wa garden, ou sg
have come from neighboring here ae December 6, 1918, H. H. Wilso

This new Azalea is easily recognized by its relatively large flowers, its
5 stamens with villose filaments and pilose style. It is most closely re-
lated to R. Simsit Planch. which has from 8 to 10 stamens. In my
Monograph of Azaleas with only the description to guide me I had con-
fused this new ants with the small flowered R. breviperulatum Hayata.

1Rhododendron Sasa sp. nov. Frutex laxe ramosus, 2 m. altus; rami tenues,
rigidi, pilis adpressis pote intense rubro-brunneis strigosis vestiti; perulae eglandu-
losae, exteriores sparse pubescentes, interiores pilis lucidis castaneis dense vestitae.
Folia sparsa et congesta, carey eolata vel oblongo-lanceolata et ovato-lanceolata, 1-3,
pleraque circiter 2 cm. lon t 0.5-1 em. lata, subacuta, obtusa vel rotundata, mucro-
nata, basi attenuata, ete rarius pares es supra intense viridia, utrinque ut
petioli es pes cinereo-brunneis demum cinereis vestita, penninervia, costa supra
eg tioli 0.4-1 em. longi. Flores 2 vel plures in fascioulis terminalibus; pedicelli
0.3-0.5 cm. ee ul calyx’ dense pilis adpressis rubro-brunneis vestiti; calyx 5-lobus,
lobis eee uk oblongis vel oblongo-ovatis 0.4-0.6 cm. longis ciliatis; corolla rubra
late infundibuliformis, 3-3.5 cm. longa ac lata, profunde 5-loba lobis ‘crite vel
obtusis; stamina 5, corollam pice ahi vel fere aequantia, filamentis infra medium
villosis, antheris ovalibus 1.5 mm. longis; pistillum leviter exsertum, ovario conico 2-3
mm. longo dense strigoso, stylo filiform pilis pallide cinereis infra medium vestito infra
stigma capitatum leviter dilatato. Fructus non visus.

182 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. vr

26. Rhododendron Kanehirai Wilson in Wilson & Rehder, Monog.
Azal. 28 (1921), where a full account of the species is given.

27. Rhododendron hainanense Merrill in Philip. Jour. Sei. xx1, 350
(1922

Shrub with many erect twiggy branches clothed with appressed brown
strigose hairs. Leaves subcoriaceous, linear-lanceolate, 2-3.5 cm. long,
0.3-1 cm. broad, acute, mucronate, base cuneate, upper surface dark
green with impressed costa and secondary nerves; lower surface sub-
glaucous with prominent costa and secondary nerves, and few scattered
appressed hairs; petiole flattened, 0.3—0.5 em. long, clothed with appressed
gray-brown hairs. Flowers 1-3 in terminal fascicles; pedicels erect,
0.5-1.5 em. long, densely clothed with appressed-strigose hairs; calyx
deeply 5-lobed, lobes ovate-lanceolate, 0.3-0.5 em. long, rounded or
acuminate. ciliate, densely pilose; corolla red, funnelform, 3-4 cm. long,
2.5-4 cm. broad, deeply 5-lobed, lobes spreading, acute or obtuse;
stamens 10, unequal, shorter than corolla, filaments pilose in the basal
half; pistil exceeding the stamens; ovary ovoid, densely pilose, style
filiform, glabrous, stigma Sal Fruit ovoid, 0.6 em. long, glabrescent.

Habitat: eastern China, Haina

This is a very distinct species well-characterized by its narrow linear-
lanceolate, acute leaves sub-glaucous on the underside and by its large
calyx lobes. It is most closely related to R. Nakaharai Hayata which
has oblanceolate to oval leaves. It is also related to R. Kanehirai Wils.
which has dimorphic linear-lanceolate leaves with obscurely crenate-
serrate margins. I have seen a co-type specimen and through the
courtesy of Prof. E. D. Merrill I have the loan of a specimen collected by
Miss Schaeffer on a second occasion but probably from the same plant
that yielded the actual type specimen.

This is a very interesting addition to the Chinese species of the section
Tsutsutsi. It was discovered in January, 1921, by Miss K. L. Schaeffer
but has not yet been introduced into cultivation.

28. Rhododendron lasiostylum Hayata, Icon. Pl. Formos. 11. 135
(1913).—Wilson in Wilson & Rehder, Monog. Azal. 50 (1921), where com-
plete references and synonymy and a full account of the species are given.

29. Rhododendron rubropilosum Hayata in Jour. Coll. Sci. Tokyo,
xxx. art. 1, 173 (Mat. Fl. Formos.) (1911).—Wilson in Wilson & Rehder,
Monog. Azal. 52 (1921), where references, synonymy and a full account
of the species are given.

A synonym of this Formosan species overlooked in my Monograph
is Rhododendron randaiense Hayata, Icon. Pl. Formos. vi. suppl.
(1917), name only.

30. Rhododendron Simsii Planchon in FI. des Serr. rx. 78 (1854).—
Wilson in Wilson & Rehder, Monog. Azal. 45 (1921), where complete
references and synonymy and a full account of the species are given.

1925] WILSON, THE RHODODENDRONS OF EASTERN CHINA 183

Rhododendron Simsii var. eriocarpum Wilson in Wilson & Rehder,
Monog. Azal. 49 (1921), where a full account is given. In his Trees and
Shrubs of Japan (1. 97, fig. 53. 1922) and in the Tokyo Bot. Mag.
(xxxvil. 27. 1924) Nakai has raised this plant to specific rank designat-
ing it R. eriocarpum Nakai.

31. Rhododendron longiperulatum Hayata, Icon. Pl. Formos. ur. 138
(1913).—Kanehira, Formos. Trees, 319, fig. 13, 323 (1917).—Komatsu,
in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xxx. 14 (1918).

Shrub with numerous twiggy branches, densely clothed with flattened
appressed chestnut-brown strigose hairs. Leaves homomorphic,
scattered, short-petioled, chartaceous, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 1—2
cm. long, 0.5—-1 cm. wide, mucronate, base cuneate, obscurely crenulate,
upper surface dark green, lower pale green, with scattered rufous ap-
pressed strigose hairs on both surfaces; petiole 1-2 mm. long. Flowers
umbellate, 2-3; pedicels stout, 1 em. long with calyx and ovary densely
clothed with shining rufous strigose hairs; calyx discoid, with 5 acute
teeth each 2-3 mm. long; corolla red, funnelform-campanulate, about
3 cm. long and broad, deeply 5-lobed, lobes spreading, rounded; stamens
10, unequal, slightly shorter than corolla, filaments papillose in lower
half, anthers dark, ovoid, 1-1.5 mm. long; pistil overtopping stamens,
equaling corolla, ovary ovoid, 2-3 mm. long, style filiform, curving,
glabrous or nearly so, stigma capitate. Fruit oblong-ovoid, about 7 mm,
long, strigose.

Habitat: Formosa, Taihoku prefecture, Mt. Daiton and Hokuto.

This Azalea is most closely related to R. Kanehirai Wils. which is
distinguished by its subverticillate branches, its more crowded, much
longer, more membranous leaves and by its larger flowers with exserted
style. In my Monograph of the Azaleas of the Old World I wrongly
referred R. longiperulatum Hayata to R. Oldhamii Maxim. as a synonym,
with which species I now find it has nothing to do. Indeed, Hayata’s
species with its neat scattered nearly oval subcoriaceous leaves pallid
on the under surface is quite distinct from all of its group. Rhododendron
longiperulatum Hayata was discovered on Mt. Daiton by Y. Shimada in
1910; it is not in cultivation.

32. Rhododendron Nakaharai Hayata in Jour. Coll. Sci. Tokyo, xxv.
art. 19, 153 (Fl. Mont. Formos.) (1908).—Millais, Rhodod. 216 (1917).—
Kanehira, Formos. Trees, 319, fig. 15, 325 (1917).—Komatsu in Tokyo
Bot. Mag. xxxu. 14 (1918).—Wilson in Wilson & Rehder, Monog. Azal.
54 (1921).

ae Hayata in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xx. 72 (1906).—

An intricately branched shrub, branches twiggy, rigid, clothed with
shining brown flattened appressed strigose hairs. Leaves scattered,
numerous, oblanceolate to oval, 0.6-1 em. long, 0.3-0.5 em. wide, obtuse
or subacute, mucronulate, base narrowed, margin slightly recurved,

184 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [VoL. vI

upper surface dark green, lower pale green, both surfaces and petiole
clothed with shining brown appressed strigose hairs; petiole 1-2 mm.
long. Flowers 2-3 in terminal fascicles; pedicels erect, 3.5 mm. long,
with calyx and ovary densely clothed with shining brown flattened pilose
hairs; calyx a mere rim with 5 membranous lobes, lobes oval to ovate,
2 mm. long, ciliate; corolla dark red, funnelform-campanulate, 2 cm.
long, 5-lobed, tube villose at base within, lobes obovate, rounded;
stamens 10, about half the length of corolla, filaments villose below
mid-length, anthers oblong, 2 mm. long, dark colored; pistil slightly
exceeding stamens in length, ovary conic, about 2 mm. long, densely
pilose, style glabrous, stigma nearly simple. — not seen.

Habitat: Formosa, Mt. Shic hisel in Taithoku provi

When working on my Monograph of Azaleas of mie Old World I had
seen only the type material preserved in the Tokyo Herbarium and
accepted Hayata’s view of the relationship of this species. I am now in
possession of a specimen collected on Mt. Shichisei by S. Sasaki in May,
1924, from which I have drawn a fuller description. I now think this
plant is most closely related to R. obtusum Planch. and more especially
to the form japonicum Wils. which, however, is easily distinguished by
its dimorphic leaves and its flowers with 5 stamens. . Nakaharat
Hayata is a low much-branched twiggy shrub with very small leaves
and deep red flowers with 10 stamens. It was discovered on Mt. Shichisei
in July 1905 by G. Nakahara; it is not in cultivation.

33. Rhododendron Seniavinii Maximowicz in Mém. Acad. Sci. St.
Pétersb. sér. 7, Xv1. no. 9, 33, t. 3, fig. 21-24 (Rhodod. As. Or.) (1870).—
Wilson in Wilson & Rehder, Monog. Azal. 57 (1921), where complete
references and synonymy and a full account of the species are given.

34. Rhododendron Mariae Hance in Jour. Bot. xx. 230 (1882),—
Wilson in Wilson & Rehder, Monog. Azal. 58 (1921), where complete
references and synonymy and a full account of the species are given.

35. Rhododendron boninense Nakai in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xxxiv.
(324) (1920), name only; xxxv. 152 (1921)

A much-branched wide-spreading shrub 2 m. tall branches relatively
stout densely clothed with appressed rufous strigose hairs; outer bud-
scales clothed with appressed rufous pilose hairs inner villose and glandu-
lar on inner surface. Leaves abundant, scattered, homomorphic,
chartaceous, oblong-oblanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, 2.5-4.5 cm. long,
0.8-1.2 em. wide, subacute, mucronulate, base narrowed, cuneate, dark

reen, upper surface sparsely, lower and petiole densely clothed with
appressed rufous pilose hairs, costa and secondary veins impressed above;
petiole 0.5-1.2 cm. long, channelled above. Flowers fascicled, 4-6,
subtended by semipersistent bud-scales; pedicels 0.5-1 em. long with
calyx and ovary densely clothed with rufous appressed-strigose hairs;

calyx discoid, with 5 minute acute or rounded teeth; corolla white,

1925] WILSON, THE RHODODENDRONS OF EASTERN CHINA 185

funnelform-campanulate, 4-5 em. long and broad, 5-lobed, lobes ascend-
ing-spreading, spathulate to obovate, rounded or obtuse; stamens 10,
shorter than corolla, filaments papillose in lower half, anthers pale,
sub-globose; pistil nearly as long as corolla, over-topping stamens, ovary
ovoid, style filiform, pilose in lower half, stigma capitate. Fruit oblong-
ovoid, 1.5-1.8 cm. long, densely clothed with gray brown, pilose hairs;
pedicel stout 1—1.5 em. long, pilose.

Habitat: Bonin Islands.

This is a well-marked endemic species characterized by its large white
flowers, by the long shaggy rufous-gray hairs on shoot and petioles and
by its crowded, scattered homomorphic leaves. It is related to R.
mucronatum G. Don which is distinguished by its glandular-pubescent
calyx and gland-tipped hairs scattered on both surfaces of the leaf. The
Bonin Azalea is evidently a very beautiful plant. It is known only from
one mountain on the island of Chichishima, the largest of the Bonin
group, where it was discovered in 1920 by Messrs. T. Nakai and H.
Toyoshima. The habitat is said to be difficult of access and only one
group of plants were found. Through Dr. Nakai’s assistance Mr. H.
Toyoshima sent seed to the Arnold Arboretum in the autumn of 1924
and these have been distributed among friends in America and England.

31. Rhododendron Oldhamii Maximowicz in Mém. Acad. Sci. St.
Pétersb. sér. 7, xv1. no. 9, 34 (Rhodod. As. Or.) (1870).—Wilson in Wilson
& Rehder, Monog. Azal. 67 (1921), where complete references and
synonymy and a full account of the species are given.

37. Rhododendron scabrum G. Don. Gen. Syst. m1. 846 (1834),—
Wilson in Wilson & Rehder, Monog. Azal. 59 (1921), where complete
references and synonymy and a full account of the species are given.

Secr. II. SCIADORHODION Renp. & Wits.
KEY TO THE SPECIES
Leaves ovate; corolla pale lilac-purple; stamens 8 to 10; fruit eee =
el

ref lag 4 A oc. 6 (co! a cnr eo GT ony 7, CO ae
Leaves ovate to ovate-lanceolate; corolla rose- color; stamens 10; ’ fruit ean
CU PRON cys iG. 6 4 os ane owners ea ee tenes es nek 39 R. Mariesii

38. Rhododendron Farrerae Tate apud Sweet, Brit. Flow. Gard. ser.
2, 1. t. 95 (1831).—Wilson in Wilson & Rehder, Monog. Azal. 79 (1921),
where complete references and synonymy and a full account of the species
are given.

39. Rhododendron Mariesii Hemsley & Wilson in Kew Bull. Misc.
Inform. 1907, 244.— Wilson in Wilson & Rehder, Monog. Azal. 80 (1921),
where complete references and synonymy and a full account of the species
are given.

186 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. vr
Sect. HI. PENTANTHERA G. Don.

Represented Di. a iccks icc oe ir bs Has is esase see ete 95s 40. R. molle

40. Rhododendron molle G. Don, Gen. Syst. 11. 846 (1834).— Wilson

in Wilson & Rehder, Monog. Azal. 95 (1921), where complete references
and synonymy and a full account of the species are given.

JOSEPH BANKS: ICONES SELECTA! PLANTARUM QUAS IN
JAPONIA COLLEGIT ET DELINEAVIT ENGELBERTUS
KAEMPFER
T. NaKal

This publication edited in 1791 contains 59 figures of Japanese plants of
which 32 have scientific names and 18 have only Japanese names, the rest
have no names at all. According to modern nomenclature the names of
the plants figured are as follows:

Names given by Banks Names determined by Nakai
1. Amomum Mioga Thunberg . Zingiber mioga Roscoe
2. Limodorum striatum

Thunberg.............Calanthe striata R. Brown
8. Limodorum ensatum
Thunber ...Cymbidium ensifolium Swartz

4. Ficus erecta Tiginbers. er Ficus erecta Gedner (1786)
5. Skimmia japonica Thun-
berg Skimmia j japonica Lodin (1783)
6. daoaas japonica Tankers. Aucuba j japonica Lodin (1783)
7. Bladhia crispa Thunberg. ..Bladhia crispa Thunberg
8. oo japonica Thun-
.Evonymus japonica Thunberg
9. Paederia toca Thunbers
(non Linnaeus) . . ..Paederia chinensis Hance
10. Aralia japonica iP hieibere. .Fatsia japonica Morren & Decaisne
11. Hemerocallis japonica

Thunberg.... .Hosta caerulea Trattinick
12. Orontium japonicum «Thine
berg .. _.......Rhodea japonica Roth.
13. ) Nandina domestien:
14.) Thunberg.. .Nandina domestica Hornstedt (1781)
15. Dhioscorea Gannon.
Thunberg.............Dioscorea septemloba Thunberg

16. Daphne odora Thunhers. . Daphne odora Thunberg
17. Quercus glauca Thunberg . .Quercus glauca Thunberg
18. Mespilus japonica Thun-

berg.......... . .Eriobotrya japonica Lindley

1925]

19.

20.

38.

39.
40.

49.

:

30.

NAKAI,

Mimosa arborea Thunberg
(non Linnaeus).........

Begonia obliqua Thunberg
(non Linnaeus, L’Heri-

tier, Jacq

uin) ..
Bignonia cee oe ‘Thane

erg.
€ iesadenvieon prchiotoman

Thunberg .
Dryandra eundats Thun-
b

er.

erg

9 eT Ere
Tussilago japonica Thun-
BEM ok ee

Aster hispidus Thunberg. .
Inula japonica Thunberg. .

JOSEPH BANKS 187

Albizzia julibrissin Durrazo.

. Begonia Evansiana Andrews

.Campsis chinensis Voss.

. .Clerodendron trichotomum Thunberg

@..................Aleurites cordata Steudel
Taxus macrophylla Thun-

berg..................Podocarpus macrophylla G. Don

Dolichos ensiformis Thun-

veeeeeeeeeess....-Dolichos lablab Linnaeus
Eupatorium album Thun-

Pteris piloselloides Thun-
berg (non Linnaeus)... ..

Taraijo..

Ssino ki....

Natta mame...........

Atsuki.......

Kadsune..
Kobus.

a 7 ; ; : . _ .
Mokkwuren...

Korei Utsu
Sjire

Ssugi.....
San ee

Ronok kc uni 7 peste

..Eupatorium Lindleyanum DC.

.Ligularia tussilaginea Makino (Ligularia

Kaempferi Sieb. & Zucc.)

. Aster hispidus Thunberg
Inula japonica Thunberg

Drymoglossum microphyllum Presl

.......... Ilex latifolia Thunberg
Bs ic se eeaeaeeememeraniene

Eurya ochnacea Szyszylowicz

.. Ilex rotunda Thunberg
. Ilex Oldhami Miquel
..Symplocos japonica A. DC.

ed

fag
Desc

..Myrica rubra Sieb. & Zucc.
..Lithocarpus cuspidata Nakai (Pasania

cuspidata Oerstedt, Castanopsis cus-
pidata Schottky)

.. Canavalia ensiformis DC.
.. Phaseolus angularis S. F. Wight

(Dolichos angularis Willdenow)
Pueraria hirsuta Matsumura

..Magnolia kobus DC.

. Magnolia denudata Desrousseaux
.. Magnolia hiflora Desrousseaux
..Diervilla coreensis DC.

.... Lilium cordifolium Thunberg

.. Lilium speciosum Thunberg

. ..Cryptomeria japonica G. Don

Aristolochia Kaempferi Willdenow

57. |

58. Pollumneiia Kaempferi
...Clerodendron japonicum Makino
....Parthenocissus tricuspidata Planchon

59.

fruit. os

hee.

acquin .

JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou. v1

..Machilus Thunbergii Sieb. & Zuce.
..Cinnamomum pedunculatum Nees
.Neolitsea glauca Koidzumi

(Litsaea glauca Siebold)

...Euscaphis japonica Pax

. Trichosanthes cucumeroides Maximowicz
.. Rhododendron Kaempferi Planchon
..Raphiolepis umbellata Makino

. Euscaphis japonica
. .Clerodendron trichotomum Thunberg

JOURNAL

OF THE

ARNOLD ARBORETUM

Votume VI OCTOBER, 1925 NUMBER 4

CATALOGUE OF TREES GROWING NATURALLY IN THE
VICINITY OF SARDIS, DALLAS COUNTY, ALABAMA

R. S. Cocks

The appended list of species and varieties of native trees amounting
to about one hundred and thirty are all growing in the vicinity of Sardis,
a small flag station on the Selma-Flomaton Railroad about eight miles
from Selma on the south side of the Alabama River from which it is about
two miles distant. With the exception of five or six trees which are noted
in their respective places, all the others are growing on a small strip of
land comprising about three hundred acres. The strip in question lies
along the Alabama River for a distance of about three-fourths of a mile
beginning at a high bluff known as Hatcher’s Bluff perhaps three hundred
and fifty feet high and ending at a landing known as Givhan’s Landing
where the bank is only a few feet above the river. It extends back from
the river about half a mile at both north and south boundaries. The
land is very hilly near the river gradually becoming flatter as one gets away
from the river. It is traversed by three very winding creeks which just
as is the case with the river, alternate with high limestone banks and no
banks at all. The creeks join together and enter the river at Givhan’s
Landing. The majority of the trees here listed grow near the junction
of the river and creeks. Both river and creeks are subject to huge floods
rising sometimes as much as sixty or seventy feet, so that a large portion
of the land is subject to overflow every two or three years. In the summer
of 1915 the creeks which are normally a few feet wide and a few inches
deep were large rivers fifty or sixty feet deep and only the tops of the trees
on the banks were above the water. The whole strip was formerly an
unbroken forest, but the trees are now all gone except a dense fringe along
the creeks and the river. On account of the windings of the creeks, there
are probably two miles.of creek banks to a straight mile, just as by the
river it is here eighteen miles to Selma, and by the road only eight.

This somewhat verbose description is an attempt to show that in this
small space there is more room for trees than would be the case if it were
not for the creeks with their high winding banks and the contour of the
land. Probably eighty percent of all the trees of Alabama grow here,
and what is perhaps still more remarkable, no less than twenty-six species

190 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou. v1

or well marked varieties of oaks can here be found in a half mile walk.
All the identification of the trees listed have been verified by Professor
Sargent, and specimens of most of them are in the Arnold Arboretum,
collected mostly by myself, a few by Professor Sargent himself, who
visited the region in the spring of 1916, and a few by Mr. Harbison. There
is a full set in the herbarium of Tulane University.

PINACEAE.

Pinus palustris Mill.

Pinus taeda L.

Pinus glabra Walt.

Pinus echinata Mill.

With the exception of P. glabra the other pines are numerous. Pinus
taeda especially is the common second growth on land which has been
cleared and abandoned. Pinus glabra is rare, represented only by three
or four trees on the high banks of creeks.

Taxodium distichum Rich. Very abundant on the low lands.

Taxodium ascendens Brongn. (T7'. distichum var. imbricarium Croom).
Not uncommon on the banks of creeks.

Juniperus virginiana L. Very abundant on the dry hills.

SALICACEAE

Populus heterophylla L. Two or three trees in the swamps near the
river.

Populus balsamifera var. virginiana Sarg. Very common.

Salix nigra Marsh.

Saltz spec. Along the gravelly banks of stream.

MYRICACEAE.
Myrica cerifera L. As a tree on the high bluffs of the river.

JUGLAN DACEAE.

Juglans nigra L. Common.

Carya cordiformis K. Koch. Two or three trees only.

Carya aquatica Nutt. Very common along the streams.

Carya myristicaeformis Nutt. This rather rare Hickory is fairly
abundant throughout this region and in the surrounding country.

Carya ovata K. Koch.

Carya carolinae-septentrionalis Engl. & Graebn. Common, as is the
preceding.

Carya laciniosa Loud. A large number of trees on the alluvial banks
of the river and creeks subject to overflow.

Carya alba K. Koch. Very common.

Carya alba var. subcoriacea Sarg. The variety occurs on the low river

banks.

1925] COCKS, CATALOGUE OF TREES, DALLAS CO., ALABAMA 191

Carya pallida Engl. & Graebn. This is the common Hickory in this
region especially on the dry hills.

BETULACEAE.
Carpinus caroliniana Walt.
Ostrya virginiana K. Koc
Betula nigra L. On the Saves of the river; rare.

FAGACEAE.

Fagus grandifolia Ehrh. Abundant.

Fagus grandifolia var. caroliniana Fern. and Rehd.

Castanea dentata Borkh. Originally very abundant, now becoming
scarce on account of the death of many of the trees.

Castanea pumila Mill. Very abundant, often 40-50 feet high.

Castanea alnifolia var. floridana Sarg. Several trees of this species
30-40 feet high.

Quercus borealis var. maxima Ashe. Several very fine representatives
of this species.

Quercus Shumardii Buckl. Very common.

Quercus Shumardii var. Schneckii Sarg. Very common

Quercus coccinea var. tuberculata Sarg. Bluffs of the Alabama River.
(Type; see Bot. Gaz. Lxv. 426 [1918].)

Quercus velutina Lam. Common.

Quercus Catesbaei Mich. Common.

Quercus rubra L. Very abundant. The var. triloba Ashe is not un-
common.

Quercus rubra var. pagodaefolia Ashe. Very abundant.

Quercus marilandica Muenchh. Very abundant especially as second
growth on cultivated ae “a has been abandone

Quercus nigra L. Com

Quercus obtusa Ashe Q. adios Sarg.) Common.

Quercus phellos L. Common.

Quercus laurifolia. Common.

Quercus cinerea Mich. Very abundant.

Quercus Durandii Buckley. Common. Occasionally a very large
tree over a hundred feet high.

Quercus lyrata Walt. Common.

Quercus stellata Wang. Very abundant.

Quercus stellata var. Margaretta Sarg. Common.

Quercus stellata var. Margaretta f. stolonifera Sarg. A small shrub
forming dense thickets.

Quercus austrina Small. Common along the creeks.

Quercus alba L. Common.

Quercus alba var. latiloba Sarg. Common.

Quercus Prinus L. Common.

Quercus Muehlenbergii Engelm. Rare.

192 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v1

Quercus subintegra Trel. A hybrid supposedly of Q. cinerea and Q.
rubra. This is a most striking tree with large unlobed leaves, glossy
above and densely stellate pubescent beneath. Several trees.

Quercus Bushiwi Sarg. A hybrid supposedly of Q. marylandica and Q.
velutina. Several trees.

ULMACEAE.

Ulmus americana L. Common.

Ulmus alata Michx. Common.

Ulmus fulva Michx. Several trees.

Planera aquatica Gmel. A few trees near the river.

Celtis occidentalis var. crassifolia A. Gray. Common.

Celtis laevigata K. Koch. Very abundant.

MORACEAE.

Morus rubra L. Common.

MAGNOLIACEAE.

Magnolia virginiana L. Common. This is the only Magnolia actually
in the tract described, but the following additional Magnolias can be
found in the vicinity: Magnolia grandiflora L., M. macrophylla Michx.,
M. pyramidata Pursh.

Liriodendron Tulipifera L. Common.

LAURACEAE.

Persea Borbonia Spreng. Rare.

Sassafras officinale Nees and Eberm. Very common as a shrub,
occasionally a large tree.

HAMAMELIDACEAE.

Liquidambar styraciflua L. Very common.

Hamamelis macrophylla Pursh. Very common as a shrub. A tree
over 30 feet high on the high bluffs of the river.

PLATANACEAE.

Platanus occidentalis L. Very abundant.

ROSACEAE.

Malus angustifolia Michx. <A few trees.

Amelanchier canadensis Med. Rare.

Crataegus. ‘There are many species of Crataegus but very few of
them here are really trees. The following might be so considered: Cratae-
gus apitfolia Michx., C. spathulata Michx., C. tomentosa L., C. algens

eadle.

Prunus umbellata Ell. Very abundant.
Prunus lanata Mack. & Bush. Common.
Prunus Munsoniana Wight & Hedrick. A few trees.

1925] COCKS, CATALOGUE OF TREES, DALLAS CO., ALABAMA 193

Prunus angustifolia Marsh. Very abundant.
Prunus serotina Ehr. Common.
Prunus caroliniana Ait. Common.
LEGUMINOSAE.
Cercis canadensis L. Very abundant.
Gleditsia triacanthos L. Common.
Robinia Pseudoacacia L. Very common; probably naturalized.

RUTACEAE.
Xanthoxylum clava-Herculis L. A few trees.

Ptelea trifoliata L. Very common as a small shrub; along the creeks
a tree 30 feet high.

ANACARDIACEAE

Rhus copallina L. Usually a shrub, occasionally a tree 30 feet high
and 8 to 10 inches trunk diameter.
Rhus vernix L. A small tree. Common.

CYRILLACEAE

Cyrilla racemiflora L. Very common.
AQUIFOLIACEAE.
Ilex opaca Ait. Very common.
Ilex vomitoria Ait. Occasionally a small tree.
Ilex decidua Walt. Common.
Ilex monticola Gray. A small tree or large shrub. Rare.

ACERACEAE

Acer saccharum Marsh. Rare.

Acer floridanum Pax. Common.

Acer leucoderme Small. Common.

Acer saccharinum L. Abundant in the lowlands along the river.
Acer rubrum L. A few trees.

Acer rubrum var. tridens Wood. Common.

Acer Negundo L. Very abundant.

HIPPOCASTANACEAE.

Aesculus Pavia L. Usually a small shrub; one or two arborescent
specimens 25 feet high.

RHAMNACEAE.
Rhamnus caroliniana Walt. Very common.
TILIACEAE.

Tilia nuda Sarg. Common.
Tilia nuda var. glaucescens Sarg. Common.

194 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. vI

Tilia floridana Ashe. Common.

Tilia floridana var. oblongifolia Sarg. A few trees.
Tilia heterophylla Vent. A few trees.

Tilia heterophylla var. Michauzxii Sarg. A few trees.

ARALIACEAE

Aralia spinosa L. Very common.
NYSSACEAE.

Nyssa sylvatica Marsh. Very common.
Nyssa biflora Walt. Very common.
Nyssa aquatica Marsh. A few trees.

CORNACEAE

Cornus florida L. Very common.
Cornus asperifolia Michx. Common.
ERICACEAE.
Oxydendron arboreum D. C. Several trees on the high bluffs of the

river.
Vaccinium arboreum Marsh. Very common.

SAPOTACEAE.
Bumelia lanuginosa Pers. Common.
Bumelia lycioides Gaertn. f. Common.
EBENACEAE.
Diospyros virginiana L. Very common.
STYRACACEAE.
Halesia diptera Ellis. Very common.—Halesia carolina L. has been
collected in the near vicinity.
SYMPLOCACEAE
Symplocos tinctoria L’Hér. Common.
OLEACEAE,

Frazinus caroliniana Mill. Common.
Fraxinus americana L. Common.
Frarinus pennsylvanica var. lanceolata Sarg. Common
Forestiera acuminata Poir. One or two medium dak trees (40 ft.)
along the river.
Chionanthus virginica L. Very common.
BIGNONIACEAE,

Catalpa bignonioides Walt. Common.

1925} PALMER, IS QUERCUS ARKANSANA A HYBRID? 195

RUBIACEAE

Cephalanthus occidentalis L. Common.
CAPRIFOLIACEAE.

Viburnum rufidulum Raf. Common.

IS QUERCUS ARKANSANA A HYBRID?
Ernest J. PALMER

In looking over Dr. Trelease’s recently published monograph of the
American Oaks! I note that Quercus arkansana Sargent is there treated
as a hybrid, Quercus marilandica Muenchhausen and Quercus nigra Lin-
naeus being given as the parent species. As only a list of the hybrids is
given without descriptive notes the author does not state the grounds
upon which he arrives at this conclusion, although in a foot-note a state-
ment from Dr. Roland M. Harper is quoted, in regard to an Oak collected
by him in Pike County, Alabama, which has been referred to Quercus
arkansana, and which Dr. Trelease also includes under the same hybrid
parentage, to the effect that it does not there grow in association with
Quercus marilandica, a circumstance which, as we shall see, is also largely
paralleled in the Arkansas localities.

Since few botanists have had a chance to see this comparatively rare
Oak growing in its native habitat or even to become acquainted with it
through herbarium specimens, it may be worth while to give a brief
résumé of the facts known regarding it.

Quercus arkansana was first found in Arkansas by Mr. B. F. Bush, in
1909, growing along Yellow Creek, a small tributary of Little River,
near Fulton, or more exactly near the village of McNab, Hempstead
County, and was described by Professor Sargent? from specimens collected
there by Bush and later by himself. If the Alabama Oak is specifically
identical, as I believe to be the case, its first discovery must be credited to
Dr. Charles C. Mohr, who collected it along a small tributary of the
Conecuh River in 1880, and it was he also who first suggested the theory
that it was a hybrid between the species mentioned by Dr. Trelease. Dr.
Mohr does not mention this Oak in his Plant Life of Alabama, nor does
he appear to have published anything about it elsewhere.

Dr. Harper explored the Alabama locality in 1912 and published an
interesting account of the flora,* including a foot-note on the Oak, which
he regarded as an undescribed species. A sheet of the specimens collected
by Mohr (no. 22, July 4, 1880. ‘‘Quercus.—aun [?] var. hybrid inter Q.
aquatica et nigra. Arb. gracilis 20-24’ alt. trunco 2-314” diamet. glaber-

1Mem. Nat. Acad. Sci. xx. (1924).

? Trees & Shrubs, 11. 121-122, pl. 152 (1911).

3 The “‘pocosin” of Pike County, Alabama, and its bearing on certain problems
of succession. (Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, x1. 209-220 [1914].)

196 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [VoL. VI

rimo cinereo. In moist but sandy soil, wooded banks near Troy, on a
tributary of Conecuh river.”) with mature leaves and young fruit, is in
the herbarium of the Arnold Arboretum, as are also a set of Harper’s
specimens (no. 152, Nov. 6, 1912, “In the ‘pocosin’ between Troy and
Brundidge, Pike County.’’), with mature leaves and separate fruit; and
a second collection (no. 154, March 27, 1913), showing young leaves and
flowers, and a small photograph of the trunk. There is also in the same
collection a series of specimens from the Arkansas stations by Bush,
Sargent and Palmer.

In the original description of Quercus arkansana Sargent says that it
is common at the type station but apparently very local. This statement
still holds true, although on numerous visits to southwestern Arkansas
during the past twelve years I have been able to extend its range some-
what locally, and it has been found to be much more common than was
at first supposed. In addition to the localities on Yellow Creek it has
been found along Bridge Creek, Sandy Bois d’Are Creek and several other
small tributaries of Little River and Red River.

The topography of this small area is peculiar and somewhat remarkable,
consisting of low hills and sharp ridges dissected by deep ravines, evidently
a relic of the old Tertiary peneplain projecting into the lowlands of the

ed River valley. Sterile clays and gravels cover the higher levels of the
low plateau and remain on the crests of some of the higher ridges; in the
ravines and valleys of the small creeks which traverse it and on the slopes
and lower levels along its margins, beds of fine loose sand interstratified
with clays and a soft sandstone, passing into marly limestone, with large
calcareous oyster shells and other typical Upper Cretaceous fossils, are
exposed. In this restricted area, nearly surrounded by the stiff black
alluvial lands of the river bottoms, which are subject to frequent overflows
and are in places permanently swampy, grow many peculiar plants, con-
fined to this environment and some of them now far removed from the
general range of their kind. The plants forming these colonies bear every
evidence of being relics of a former wider distribution—stragglers left
behind in retreat, which have managed to survive in these more favorable
areas, beyond which they are unable to extend. Here, as erosion encroaches
upon their strongholds, these are gradually becoming more circumscribed,
and some of the species inhabiting them perhaps face ultimate extinction,
a process and fate that is now being accelerated by the clearing away
of the forest from part of the uplands, although this is of little agricultural
value. The flora of the lowlands and that of the hills are very different;
the majority of the peculiar plants of the latter are found only on the
sandy and loamy soils that come to the surface where the later deposits
have been removed. Quercus arkansana is practically restricted to these
strips, although a few specimens have managed to establish themselves
on the gravelly tops of some of the narrow ridges. As Quercus mari-
landica is found sparingly on the gravelly uplands the two sometimes

1925] PALMER, IS QUERCUS ARKANSANA A HYBRID? 197

come in contact along this border line, although the former is not found
on the sandy soil where Q. arkansana is abundant, nor the latter on the
more sterile uplands. Quercus nigra belongs strictly to the lowlands
flora and is not found with Q. arkansana nor in its environment.

The fine loamy sand (the Nackitoch sand of the U. S. soil survey map)
upon which Q. arkansana grows here is not entirely lacking in lime, as is
indicated by the presence of such more or less lime-loving plants as Quercus
Muhlenbergii, Ulmus fulva, Rhamnus caroliniana, Bumelia lanuginosa
and several species of Crataegus of the Molles group. Samples of this
soil tested by Dr. E. T. Wherry, of the Bureau of Soils U. S. Dept. of
Agriculture, were pronounced by him to be “minimacid” or almost
neutral. The calcium element is, of course, derived from the marly
fossiliferous layers. This soil is not extensively exposed but outcrops at
intermediate levels between the lowlands and the top of the plateau, and
in the ravines and along the courses of small streams traversing the latter.
The limits of the plants peculiar to this zone are therefore defined by the
comparatively sterile clays and gravels above and by the black stiff
soils of the river floodplains below. It should be remarked that within
these restricted sandy areas Quercus arkansana is nearly always present
and is often very abundant; indeed in some places it is not only the com-
monest Oak, but actually constitutes a large part of the forest growth.
I have seen and examined hundreds of specimens in such places and they
could doubtless be counted by thousands. I am not aware of any hybrid
that has succeeded in establishing itself in such numbers, or of becoming
dominant over areas from which both parent species are excluded.

If instead of a hybrid we are, in the case of Quercus arkansana, here
dealing with a relic colony of a species nearing extinction and limited by
peculiar ecological conditions, we might reasonably expect to find similar
relics elsewhere, where these conditions are approximated within its
probable former range.

In traveling by automobile from Hot Springs to Texarkana, a few
months ago, we passed towards evening through an eroded area bordering
a small stream in the western part of Clark County, Arkansas. The general
aspect of the region and its flora bore a striking resemblance to certain
localities in the Hempstead County hills; my attention was first attracted
here by the occurrence in ravines of a large fossil oyster (Exogyra ponderosa)
and other fossils found at McNab. The lateness of the hour and an
approaching thunder storm prevented an exploration of the locality, but
a little farther down along a small sandy stream I had the satisfaction of
finding a few small specimens of Quercus arkansana. A few days later
on the same trip we passed near the locality in Alabama where Dr. Mohr,
and later Dr. Harper, collected the Oak which I believe to be _ identical
with the Arkansas species. Unfortunately I did not realize until too late
that we were so near the habitat of this interesting tree, and I did not
have the good luck to see it there. While the regions are so widely sepa-

198 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v1

rated and in some respects quite dissimilar they both lie on the border
of the coastal plain, just below the piedmont, and there appear to be
many points of similarity both in the topography and in the flora. In
his note regarding the Alabama Oak, Harper says: “It grows mostly
towards the edges of the Pocosin, but not in the sand-hills vegetation.
It is one of the commonest species there.”

It has been stated that Quercus arkansana is intermediate in characters
between Q. marilandica and Q. nigra, but although there is a certain super-
ficial resemblance in the foliage to some small-leaved forms of the former,
it really has much less in common with that species than with the Water
Oak. The short depressed acorns with very shallow cup, small buds,
slender branchlets and its habit of growth all indicate a nearer relation-
ship to the group to which Quercus Phellos, Q. nigra and Q. obtusa be-
long, and in the fruit and in texture and pubescence of the leaves there
is some resemblance to Q. imbricaria. Harper compares the Alabama
trees also to Q. myrtifolia and Q. microcarya; all of which suggests the
apparent fact that it has no near counterpart amongst living American
Oaks. In the original description Sargent compares it with Q. marilandica,
but only to point out that it differs in almost all essential morphological
characters from that species. In the Arkansas localities where it is so
abundant I have had excellent opportunities for examining and comparing
living specimens. There is a certain amount of variability in the habit
and appearance of different individuals, in the character of the bark,
the size of fruit, size and lobing of the leaves and amount of pubescence.
However, these variations are not greater than are found in any other
species with which I am acquainted, and not nearly so great as in most
other Oaks. This, of course, should be expected, since the area is so limited
and the ecological conditions under which the trees are growing are com-
paratively uniform. I think it no exaggeration to say that there is no
species of American Oak that is more true to type or more easily recogniz-
able in the field. Assuming that Quercus arkansana is a valid species, in the
generally accepted sense of that term, the possibility must also be con-
sidered that it may hybridize with other species of black and red Oaks
with which it comes in contact. These, in the order of frequency in which
they occur, are Quercus rubra, Q. Shumardii, Q. Phellos and along the
margins of its range Q. velutina and Q. marilandica. On a narrow gravelly
ridge near Yellow Creek I found one tree which, from the character of the
foliage and rough bark, I suspected of being a hybrid between Q. arkansana
and @. marilandica. As there has been no fruit on the trees there for the
past two years, owing to late frosts, I have not yet been able to confirm
this definitely.

ince the discovery of Quercus arkansana several attempts have been
made at the Arnold Arboretum to propagate it from seeds and to get it
into cultivation. At present there is a specimen growing in the Oak group,
raised from seed collected by Professor Sargent in 1909. This is now a

1925] PALMER, IS QUERCUS ARKANSANA A HYBRID? 199

thrifty plant more than eight feet in height, and in foliage and other
characters it is quite typical and identical with the species as it grows in
Arkansas. Another planting was made from seeds collected by myself
in 1922 and some of these were transplanted to another part of the Arbore-
tum, but apparently the plants have not survived. Before they were
taken from the nursery rows I examined them carefully. There were,
perhaps fifty or sixty plants, with from four to ten leaves at that time,
every one of which was true to type and without the slightest indication
of segregation of forms or of reversion. At the present time there are about
15 plants growing in the nursery, raised from seeds collected in 1923,
which are now six to ten inches in height. All of these are remarkably
uniform and true to the parent type. Seedlings of Quercus marilandica,
planted about the same time, are growing just opposite in the next row.
The Q. arkansana seedlings compared with these are distinguished by
their more slender stems, the yellowish instead of bronze or reddish
tinge of the older leaves, and the thinner texture, more slender petioles
and more obtuse lobes of the latter.

During the past few years I have paid especial attention to hybrid
Oaks in the field and have found, and collected from, more than one hun-
dred trees representing supposed crosses between many different species.
A number of these have been grown from seeds at the Arnold Arboretum
and others have been propagated from grafts. In the case of the former,
while unfortunately we have not been able to grow them in the quantity
desirable for experimental purposes, segregation of forms and reversion
to parent types, as is to be expected under the Mendelian laws, are nearly
always noticeable; in the case of Quercus arkansana, as stated above,
nothing of the sort has ever developed. In most of the hybrid Oaks with
which I am acquainted there is a certain instability of type and poly-
morphism in foliage and other parts, not only between different individuals
but also on different branches of the same plant, and a lack of uniformity
and symmetry in the individual leaves, which easily betrays them. This
is not found in the Oak we are considering, beyond the slight variations
common to nearly all recognized species.

The extremely limited and widely interrupted range of Quercus ark-
ansana, so far as at present known, and a misunderstanding as to its
local abundance both at the Alabama and Arkansas stations, is probably
largely responsible for perpetuating Dr. Mohr’s first surmise as to its
hybrid origin. However, similar if not always such extreme cases are

not unknown amongst American woody plants. Such examples as Quercus
georgiana, Leitneria floridana, Cotinus americanus, Alnus maritima, and
Andrachne phyllanthoides come to min A score of other examples
might be mentioned of trees and shee of the Southern Appalachian
region, of which isolated colonies now exist in widely separated intervals
through the mountainous parts of southern Arkansas and eastern Okla-
homa; and if herbaceous species were taken into consideration more

200 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou. VI

striking examples could be cited and the list extended indefinitely. Most
of these belong to well recognized species, the validity of which no one
has yet ventured to question or to segregate on purely geographical
grounds. It is precisely such cases as these referred to here that have the
greatest value and significance in throwing light upon certain problems
of distribution of species in our existing forest floras and of their former
fluctuations; and it is partly because of my interest in these cases that I
am not willing to have the testimony of so important a witness as Quercus
arkansana impeached or to see the bar sinister placed upon its escutcheon,
since none of the facts seem to warrant such action.

In this connection there may be mentioned another Oak which was
found by Mr. W. W. Ashe in Okaloosa County, Florida, and described
by him under the name of Quercus caput-rivuli, but which he has more
recently referred as a variety to Q. arkansana; this I have not referred
to for the reason that I am not yet satisfied, after an examination of
co-type specimens, that it can safely be identified with the Arkansas
Oak. However, without wishing to essay the hazardous role of prophet,
I will venture to suggest that it is not improbable, as botanical exploration
continues, that other isolated stations may yet be found for Quercus
arkansana; and investigators of Quaternary deposits containing Oak
remains should be on the lookout for it; for from all the evidence I am of
the opinion that we are here dealing neither with a hybrid nor a recently
evolved form, but on the contrary with an ancient species, probably
once widely distributed over the Coastal Plain and now nearing extinction.

RHODODENDRON CHRYSOCALYX LEV. & VANIOT
Ernest H. WILSON.

Rhododendron chrysocalyx Léveillé & Vaniot apud Léveillé in Fedde
Rep. Spec. Nov. 1. 113 (1906)

A much-branched twiggy shrub, the branchlets tortuous, clothed with
appressed flattened red-brown strigose hairs. Leaves persistent, char-
taceous, dimorphic, narrow-lanceolate to oblanceolate, 1.5-4 cm. long,
0.5—1 cm. wide, acute or obtuse, mucronulate, base narrow cuneate, margin
revolute, crenate-serrate, ciliate, upper surface shining dark green, reticu-
late, secondary veins impressed, lower surface pallid with primary and
secondary veins elevated, both surfaces with few scattered appressed
shining brown flattened strigose hairs most plentiful on costa; petiole
flattened, 0.3-0.5 cm. long, densely clothed with appressed red-brown
strigose hairs. Flowers terminal, fascicled, 10-12 or more; fascicles 2-3-
flowered, subtended by several semipersistent concave dull brown ciliolate
acute glabrescent bud-scales; pedicel erect, 1-1.5 cm. long, with calyx and
ovary densely clothed with shining red-brown flattened strigose hairs;
calyx annular, obscurely toothed, ciliate; corolla rotate-funnelform; tube

1925] REHDER, NEW SPECIES, VARIETIES AND COMBINATIONS 201

narrow-cylindric, 0.8-1 cm. long, 5-lobed, lobes spreading, spathulate,
obtuse; stamens 5, long exserted, about twice the length of corolla, fila-
ments slender, puberulous, anthers oblong, 2.5 mm. long; pistil over-top-
ping stamens, ovary ovoid, densely strigose, style filiform, glabrous,
stigma capitate. Fruit oblong-ovoid, 0.8—-1 cm. long, densely clothed with
pilose red-brown hairs passing to gray; seeds dark brown, minute, ovoid,
wingless,

CuINa: province of Kweichou, J. Cavalerie, April and June, 1904 (nos.
1796, 2059 in Herb. Edinburgh).

Among some Rhododendron material courteously loaned by the Royal
Botanical Gardens, Edinburgh, are the type specimens of Léveillé &
Vaniot’s R. chrysocalyxz. This species is not recorded in Wilson &
Rehder’s Monograph and since the original description is brief it has been
thought worth while to give an account of it here. The species is very
distinct and is characterized by the shining yellow to red-brown strigose
hairs which clothe the shoots, petioles, pedicels and ovary, by its narrow
lanceolate to oblanceolate crenate-serrate leaves polished dark green on
the upper surface and pallid on the lower, by its long exserted stamens and
style. The corolla would appear to be white or pale pink. It is most
closely related to R. Mariae Hance which has the same kind of pubescence,
a corolla of the same shape and similarly long exserted stamens and pistil,
but the leaves of Hance’s species are very different, being entire, more
coriaceous and less lustrous, elliptic or elliptic-lanceolate to obovate, from
3 to 9 cm. long and from 1 to3 cm. wide. This marked difference in foliage
gives the plant a very different appearance. Both belong to the section
Tsutsutsi G. Don.

The two type specimens bear the name “‘ R. Mariesiz”’ in the handwriting
of the late Professor I. B. Balfour and are said to have been determined as
such by E. H. Wilson. When on a visit to Edinburgh in the summer of
1920 I was shown these specimens among many others and apparently got
the names confused. R. chrysocalyz Lév. & Vaniot does not even belong
to the same section as R. Mariesii Hemsl. & Wils.

NEW SPECIES, VARIETIES AND COMBINATIONS FROM THE
HERBARIUM AND THE COLLECTIONS OF THE ARNOLD
ARBORETUM!

ALFRED REHDER.

x Taxus Hunnewelliana (7. canadensis X cuspidata), hybr. nov.

Intermediate between the parents: from TJ’. canadensis Marsh. it differs
in its more vigorous and upright habit, the stouter branchlets with the
leaf-bases more swollen and usually more or less brownish the second
year, even on weaker branchlets, and darker brown on stouter branchlets,

1Continued from vol. V. 242.

202 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. vr

in the lower scales of the winter-buds being broader and stouter, not ovate-
lanceolate or even lanceolate and acuminate as in 7. canadensis, in the
stouter and thicker, broader and longer leaves, up to 2.5 or even 3 cm.
long and usually 2 mm. broad, with the green margin on the underside
much narrower than the stomatic band, in 7’. canadensis only slightly nar-
rower than the stomatic band, and in the more swollen and prominent
leaf-base; the leaves spreading more or less upward and forming a more or
less well defined V-shaped depression on the upper side of the branchlets.

From T. cuspidata Sieb. & Zucc. it differs in its slenderer branchlets
scarcely lustrous and green or greenish during the first winter, in the nar-
rower scales of the winter-buds, in 7. cuspidata generally ovate and the
lower ones triangular-ovate, in the slenderer and thinner leaves, scarcely
exceeding 2 mm. in width, with the green margin of the under side broader,
in T. cuspidata only about half as broad as the stomatic band; the leaves
being usually more or less directed forward not spreading at nearly right
angles, and forming a less clearly defined V-shaped depression above.

Plants and specimens examined: plants growing in the Arboretum under
no. 17642 (specimens: December 23, 1924 [type]) and under no. 10760
(specimens: September 16, and December 21, 1923)

This interesting addition to the Yews hardy in the climate of Massa-
chusetts, was raised on the Hunnewell estate at Wellesley, Massachusetts,
by Mr. T. D. Hatfield a number of years ago. The plants are intermediate
between the parents not only in the characters given above, but also in the
color of the foliage and in general appearance, though they are yet too
young to allow an opinion regarding the habit they will finally assume.

Juniperus chinensis L. var. japonica Lav. f. alba
a age = argentea-variegata coreg Fi. Fir-tribe, : (? 1872- —5), not
. chinensis argenteo-varr vegata Beiss
Juniperus j japonica alba Standish apu a Toadies Pinet. ed. 2, 161 (1875).
Juniperus chinensis procumbens albo-variegata Beissner, Handb. Nadelholzk.
121 (1891).
Juniperus chinensis var. decumbens albo-variegata Hornibrook, Dwarf Conif.
66 (1923).
A dwarf shrub with spreading or procumbent branches variegated with
white.

Juniperus horizontalis f. glomerata, forma nova.

A typo recedit ramulis valde abbreviatis congestis glomeratis foliis omni-
bus oppositis squamiformibus densissime imbricatis ovatis 1.5-2 mm
longis acuminulatis.

Specimens and plants growing in the Arnold Arboretum examined: col-
lected on the coast of Maine by H. L. T. Wolcott in 1897 (no. 14860;
specimens: December 8, 1924, type); and collected near Rockingham
Junction, Maine, by G. P. Douglas in 1911 (no. 14862; specimens: De-
cember 8, 1924).

This Juniper is a very distinct form which apparently belongs to J.

1925] REHDER, NEW SPECIES, VARIETIES AND COMBINATIONS 203

horizontalis Moench, though in habit it looks quite different; instead of
sending out long trailing shoots, it develops on rather short and often
twisted prostrate stems dense masses of crowded very short branchlets
forming irregularly subglobose clusters flattened at the apex and not more
than 15 cm. tall. The leaves are all scale-like, minute and closely im-
bricated, bright green except near the end of the branchlets where they
assume in autumn the purple-violet color peculiar to J. horizontalis.
Occasionally, but very rarely, elongated shoots appear which cannot be
distinguished from typical J. horizontalis and thus indicate the origin of
this form.

Juniperus horizontalis f. alpina, comb. no
Juniperus Sabina {var.] 5. i a Loudon, ren ‘Brit. iv. 2499, fig. 2362 (1838).
Juniperus alpi na Loddiges C t. (1836), as synon., ex Loudon, l.c.

A typo recedit ramis eae abuse vel erecto-patentibus nec prostratis,
ramulis suberectis, caulibus initio suberectis et ad 75 cm. altis, demum
prostratis apice ascendentibus, ramos suberectos emittentibus, foliis fere
omnibus acicularibus oppositis, in axibus primariis robustioribus tantum
ternatis, erecto-patentibus lanceolatis vel lineari-lanceolatis 2-5 mm. longis.

pecimens and plants examined: plants growing in the Arnold Ar-
boretum under no. 8028 (specimens: October 27, 1924).

This form differs considerably from the type in its upright or ascending
habit and in its juvenile acicular foliage. Young plants have upright or
nearly upright stems with upright or ascending branches forming little
columns which finally bend over and become prostrate, but are always as-
cending at the apex and develop branches which also are upright or as-
cending. In one of the parks at Rochester there are plants more than
20 years old which, as Mr. R. E. Horsey of the Rochester Park Department
informs me, have trailing stems over 6 feet in length and upright branches
from 20 to 24 inches or occasionally to 30 inches in height. The plants
are not known to have produced fruit. I can not refer this form to any
other species than to J. horizontalis. The final habit of the plant is similar
to that of J. Sabina L., but the acicular leaves are only slightly spreading
or even loosely appressed, spreading at an angle of less than 45 degrees
and are more abruptly and less sharply pointed, while the juvenile leaves
of J. Sabina and also of J. virginiana are more gradually narrowed, stiffer
and more pungent and spread at an angle of 45 degrees or more; also the
green midrib on the upper surface of the leaves is more pronounced in
J. Sabina than it is in this form and in typical J. horizontalis. Further-
more the absence of the strong odor which the crushed branchlets of
J. Sabina exhale and the pale bluish violet bloom the plant assumes in
autumn would indicate that it belongs to J. horizontalis rather than to
J. Sabina, though the original name suggests a plant introduced from the
European Alps. The description of Loudon, however, as far as it goes,
and the figure of a branchlet agree well with our plant, which came origi-
nally from Ellwanger and Barry’s Nursery under Loudon’s name.

204 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [voL. v1

Juniperus horizontalis f. plumosa, comb. n
Juniperus communis depressa plumosa Andorra N urseries, Price-list, Spring,
1919, p. 8; Autumn, 1919, p. 11 (1919), na

A typo recedit habitu depresso ramis ie er ee vel fere
horizontaliter patentibus nec prostratis, foliis omnibus vel fere omnibus
acicularibus oppositis vel tantum in ramis primariis robustioribus ternatis
patenti-erectis vel leviter subaccumbentibus 2-6 mm. longis, per autum-
num et hiemen colore violaceo suffusis.

Specimens and plants examined: plants growing in the Arnold Ar-

boretum received from the Andorra Nurseries near Philadelphia, Penna.,
in 1922 (no. 11188; specimens: October 27, 1924); from Cornell Uni-
versity in 1922 (no. 13357; specimens: October 27, 1924) and from
Jeffrey’s Nursery, Long Island in 1921 (no. 11348; specimens: October 27,
1924).
This form resembles in its foliage the preceding form though the
leaves are perhaps slightly longer and less spreading and assume a more
conspicuous Violet color in autumn, but it differs in its low depressed habit
with ascending-spreading or nearly horizontally spreading branches shorter
and more loosely branched than in the type, forming a depressed bush with
flattened top about 40-50 cm. tall and more in diameter. It is apparently
a form of J. horizontalis and differs in its leaves from forms of J. Sabina
and J. virginiana in the same characters as pointed out under the preceding
form. The plant from Jeffrey’s Nursery shows a tendency to become
prostrate and in this respect approaches the type.

Abies alba Mill. f. compacta, comb. n
Picea pectinata compacta Parsons, Cat. 65 y 1899).
Abies pectinata compacta Beissner in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. vit. 108
(1 —Hornibrook, Dwarf Conif. 23 (1923).

This form originated in the nursery of S. B. Parsons & Son, Flushing,
New York, sometime before 1899. There is a large healthy specimen of
this form on the Hall estate near Warren, Rhode Island, about 8 feet tall
and 12 feet through. The form makes a dense roundish bush with ascend-
ing branches and crowded short branchlets; the leaves are very lustrous
and about 1.5 em. long.

Cedrus libanotica Link f. glauca, comb. n

Cedrus Libani 2. foliis argenteis Loudon, Arb. B Iv. 2402 Te

Pinus Cedrus 1. foliis argenteis (Loud.) pve Bee ‘Gonit 57 (1840).

Cedrus Libani glauca Knig _ & Perey, Syn. Conif. 42 (1850), name only.—

Carriére, Traité Conif, 284 (1855).
— Cedrus (B) argentea Tindley & Gordon in Jour. Hort. Soc. Lond. v.
4 (1850), name on Hb

Cedrus Libani argentea Loudon apud ee Pinet. 44 (1858).

Pinus Cedrus g. glauc a Parlatore i in De Can olle, Prodr. xvi. es ng 408 (1868).

Cedrus Rie be Voss, Vilmorin ines na ed. 3, 1. 1 (1896).
This form differs from the: pate in the glaucous or bluish a color of

its leaves.

1925] REHDER, NEW SPECIES, VARIETIES AND COMBINATIONS 205

Cedrus libanotica ‘ aaa comb. n
Cedrus et 3. 0 Loudon, Arb. Bat Iv. 2403 (1838).—Carriére, Traité
Conif. 4 (1855): 5 2, ai (18 Urata Handb. Nadelholzk. 301
(1891 eonibrosk , Dwarf Conif. 25 (1923).
Pinus Cedrus 2. nana (Lo ud. ‘ Antoine, Conif. 'B7 (1840).
This is a dwarf rather compact form, usually forming a round bush.
According to Carriére (1. c. ed. 2) the form cultivated as “‘Comte de Dijon”’
belongs here.

Cedrus libanotica f. pene comb. no
Cedrus Libani pendula Knight & Perry, Syn. Conif. 42 (1850), name only.—
Carriére, Traité Conif. 284 (1855).—Beissner, Handb. Nadelholzk. 301
(1891).

This form differs from the type in its pendulous branches and branchlets.

It seems strange that Link’s name C. libanotica, which is the oldest
binomial under Cedrus for the Lebanon Cedar, should have been overlooked
or passed over until very recently, but probably the fact that Link himself
in his later publications abandoned this name in favor of C. Libani and
did not even cite it as a synonym and that it is not cited in Index Kewensis
accounts at least partly for this fact. To make it clear that according to
the International Rules C. libanotica is the correct name for this species, a
complete enumeration of the synonyms known to me may follow here:

Cedrus libanotica Link, Handb. IT. 480 (1831).—Ascherson & Graebner
Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. ed. 2, I. 316 (1913), as synon. of C. Cedrus.—Hayek,
Prodr. Fl. Pen. Balcan. (in Fedde Rep. Spee. Nov. Beih. XXX) 41 (1924).

Pinus Cedrus Linnaeus, Spec. 1001 (17

Lariz Cedrus Miller, Gard. Dict. ed. 8, 0 3 (1768).

Pinus effusa Salisbury, age 309 (1796).

Abies Cedrus Poiret, Dic . 510 (1804).

Lariz patula Salisbury i in Trine Linn. Soc. ie 314 (1807).

Cedrus Labant ee a oa! 499 (17 "ele —Lawson Agric. Man. 379
1836).—Lou 02 (1838

93).

Cedrus effusa Voss in at Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. xvi. 92 (1907).

Pinus Cedrus var. effusa Voss in Putlitz & Meyer, Landlex. 1v. 768 (1913).

Cedrus libanotica subsp. C. Libani ra in Bergens Mus. Skrift. n. ser. I.

no. 2, 30 (Stud. Veg. Cyprus) (19
The combination C. libani cannot — credited to Barrelier, as this is a

prelinnean author, neither can the combinations proposed by K. Koch and
Voss be accepted since they are based on non-valid names.

Salix Matsudana f. aun eeea forma no
Salix spec. F. N. Meyer in U. S. Dept. Le Bar, Pl. Indust. Bull. cv.
ee. “Seeds Pl. ee no. ag 51, no. 1737 (190
Saltz spec. Anon. ie S. Dep t. Agric. Bur. Pl. a. Bull. For. Pl. Introd.
Lxxx. 602, fig. (19
Salix ? Matsudana f. “Saule Man-tou-liu” Hers in Bull. Dendr. France, 1923,
p. ae
A typo recedit habitu humiliore et densiore coma subglobosa vel semi-
globosa.

206 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou. v1

This remarkable Willow forms a dense head subglobose in young trees,
semiglobose and broader than high in older trees, and looks as if it had
been pruned, as the twigs at the end of the more or less upright branches
are of nearly the same length and no leading shoots are produced. This
Willow is much planted in the neighborhood of Peking and is called by the
Chinese “‘man-t’ow-liu”’ (bread willow) in reference to its shape which in
older trees resembles a round loaf of bread. It was introduced by F. N.
Meyer to America in 1906; plants at Chico, California, have grown rapidly,
attaining in 6 years 20 feet in height and 30 feet in spread and have retained
their peculiar habit as the photograph reproduced in the Bulletin of foreign
plant introductions cited above shows. The only figure showing the habit
of typical S. Matsudana known to me is one published by Hers (in Bull.
Soc. Dendr. France, 1923, t. 14).

Salix Matsudana f. tortuosa esses in Jour. Soc. Nat. Hort. France,

ser. . xxv. 350 (1924), as var., name only.
ronan og var. “lung chao tia” Hers in Bull. Soc. Dendr. France,

A typo recedit ramis ramulisque tortuosis.

This peculiar form with tortuous and twisted branches is cultivated by
the Chinese under the name “lung chao liu”’ (dragon’s claw willow). Ac-
cording to Hers it is short-lived, because susceptible to attacks by insects
which find shelter between the twisted branches. Apparently now in
cultivation in Vilmorin’s Nursery at Verriéres near Paris.

Salix repens var. nitida Wenderoth, Fl. Hass. 345 (1846).—Toepffer in
Ber. Bayer, Bot. Ges. xv. 148 (1915), as forma.

Salix arenaria Linnaeus, Spec. 1019 (1753), in part.

Saliz lanata Roth, Enum. Fl. Germ. 1. 418 (1788), not Linnaeus.

Salix argentea Smith, Fl. Brit. m1. 1059 (1804).

Salix depressa C. _ “sbeete Essai Saul. Suisse, 10 (1815).

Salix racy 6 argentea Wimmer & Grabowski, FI. ‘ies 11. 380 (1829).

Salix repens y sericea Gaudin, P 1. Helv. vi. 234 (1830).

Salix fusca mi arenaria Wahlenberg, A Suec. 1. 671 (1833)

Sal fas argentea G. F. W. Meyer, Chlor. Hannov. ie (1836).

Salix lal y latifolia Doll, Rhein. Yi. nr. 502 (1843).

mee repens [subsp.] S. gers Andersson in Svensk. Vetensk. Akad. Handb.
115 (Monog. ivory ) ds

Satiz repens [f.] a Hy eee in Blytt, Norges Fl. 1. 484 (1874).

Salix californica Hort. ex Dippel, Handb. ey = 11. 263 (1892), as synon,

ae grisea Hort. ex Dippy L ¢. (1892), as sy
x grisea pendula Hort. ex Dippel, |. e. (189 32), a as synon.

Saliz repens C., lanata pean Classif. Saul. a : bres (1904).

Salix repens subsp. S. argentea Camus, l. ¢

Saliz repens subsp. epee Rouy, FL. aos 08 (1910).

As Wenderoth’s name, applying apparently to the same form as Seringe’s
S. depressa nitida which I take to be the oldest varietal name of that vari-
ety or group of forms called by many authors S. repens var. arenaria, has
been overlooked or passed over by most authors, I have given an enumer-
ation of the synonyms of this variety. Toepffer in his Salices Bavariae,

~~

1925] REHDER, NEW SPECIES, VARIETIES AND COMBINATIONS 207

p. 148 (in Ber. Bayer Bot. Ges. xv. [1915]) refers Wenderoth’s variety as a
form to typical S. repens and considers it distinct from var. arenaria, but
von Seemen (in Ascherson & Graebner, Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. rv. 126 [1909])
unites both under var. arenaria and I see no perceptible difference between
Seringe’s type (Saules de la Suisse, no. 62) which I have before me and
specimens referred by Toepffer to var. arenaria or var. argentea.

Quercus Stewardii, spec. nov.

Frutex 3-metralis ramulis glabris annotinis fusco-purpureis lenticellatis.
Folia decidua, brevissime petiolata et in apice ramulorum congesta, ly-
rato-obovata, 7-11 cm. longa et 4.5—7 cm. lata, utrinque lobis brevibus ob-
tusis 10-14 et tot venis 4-6 mm. distantibus, supra laete viridia et glabra,
subtus glaucescentia, secus costam basin versus et ad basin venarum
inferiorum tomento floccoso detersili instructa; petioli 2-4 mm. longi.
Fructus in apice ramulorum circiter 6—7 congesti subsessiles, cupula hemi-
sphaerica circiter 1 cm. alta et intus 1.5 cm. lata, bracteis tenuibus pallide
brunneis extus tenuiter villosis, inferioribus brevioribus exceptis lineari-
lanceolatis vel linearibus ad 8 mm. longis basi leviter appressis supra
recurvis scariosis, glande (nondum perfecte matura) subglobosa circiter

iam., apice depresso et manifeste umbilicata.

Guin. Wael : Wang shan, in forest at summit, alt. 2000 m., A. N.
Steward, no. 1317, August, 1924 (Herb. Univ. Nanking, no. 7182; type).

This new species seems most nearly related to Q. obovata Bunge which it
resembles in the character of its cupula but the scales are much shorter
than in that species, and the branchlets and the much smaller leaves are
glabrous except a slight floccose tomentum along the midrib on the under
side of the leaves. The leaves are similar to those of Q. mongolica Fisch.
and particularly of its variety grosseserrata Rehd. & Wils., but they are
distinctly lyrate in outline, the lobes are obtuse, not acutish and the veins
are closer together, while the fruits are entirely different. Though this
new species is in some respects intermediate between Q. obovata and Q.
mongolica, it is quite different in leaf and fruit from Q. McCormickw Car-
ruthers which is considered a hybrid between these two species.

Ulmus hollandica var. Dauvessei, comb. n
Ulmus montana var. Dawvesser N cnton, Kew “Handlist Arb. 11. 139 (1896),
name only.
Ulmus campestris var. Dawvesset Hort. ex Nicholson, 1. ¢
oe Dauvessei Henry in Elwes & Henry, Trees ’Gr. Brit. Irel. vir. 1874

This Elm belongs apparently to one of the numerous hybrids of Ulmus
glabra Huds. with U. foliacea Gilib. and perhaps U. procera Salisb. which
may be classed under the name U. hollandica Mill. It resembles U. glabra
in the pubescence of its branchlets and leaves, but the latter are smaller
and comparatively broader and of thinner texture and the petioles are up
to_6 mm. long; it is of broad-pyramidal habit with ascending branches.

208 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [VoL. vI

The origin of this tree is unknown to me and I have found no further cita-
tions in horticultural literature than those quoted above. According to
Henry the tree in Kew, of which there are specimens in this herbarium
collected in 1880 by Nicholson and in 1912 by Henry, was received from
Lee in 1879.

Ribes sativum f. variegatum, comb. n
Ribes vulgare f. variegatum (Weston) Reider in Jour. Arnold Arb. 1. 254 (1920)
where synonyms and references are giv
As the name Ribes vulgare Lam. used ‘ee Janczewski for the species to
which most of our cultivated Currants belong is really only a synonym of
R. rubrum L., the name R. sativum Syme has to take the place of the name
R. vulgare Lam. The variety of Ribes rubrum with striped berries named
by Berlandier R. rubrum B variegatum must not be confused with R. rubrum
variegatum West. and will have to be called R. sativum f. striatum, comb.
nov. (ht. vulgare f. striatum (Kuntze) Rehder in Jour. Arnold Arb. 1. 255
[1920]), where synonyms and references are given).

Hamamelis japonica var. flavo-purpurascens, comb. n
Hamamelis incarnata Makino in Tokyo Bot. Mag. xxvu. 71 (1918).
Hamamelis obtusata (Matsum.) Makino 50.
Hamamelis japonica var. obtusata Ata ee ex Makino, I. c., as synon.
Hamamelis obtusata f. flavo-purpurascens Makino in Jour. oe. Bot. 1. 8 (1916).

JAPAN.

This Japanese Witch Hazel seems to differ from H. japonica only in the
color of the petals which are more or less purplish or suffused with purple
and purple-veined chiefly toward the base. I do not think that the two
color forms distinguished by Makino can be clearly separated; he describes
the type as having flesh-colored petals deeper flesh-colored toward the
base and 2-214 mm. wide, and the petals of his f. flavo-purpurascens as
“124 mm. wide in the middle, yellow but purpurascent and deeper colored
veined toward the lower portion gradually.” Judging from the plant
growing in this Arboretum and introduced by Mr. Wilson in 1919 from
Japan the color may vary in different years, for flowers collected in 1920
have the petals suffused with purplish their whole length while those col-
lected in 1923 are almost clear yellow in their upper part. Similar color-
variations occur in the American H. vernalis Sarg. and in H. virginiana of
which I described a form with purplish petals as f. rubescens in this Journal
(111. 210) two years ago. The leaves are not different from those of H.
japonica, those of our plant are mostly pointed at the apex, not obtuse to
subemarginate as described by Makino, and perhaps slightly more pu-
bescent than typical H. japonica usually is.

(To be continued.)

1925] AMERICAN TREES AND SHRUBS IN HATARMAJOR, RUMANIA 209

AMERICAN TREES AND SHRUBS IN THE PARK OF
HATARMAJOR, RUMANIA!

The park of Hat4rmajor is situated southeast of Temesvar in the
plain of the so-called Banat and northwest of the mountains of Karanseles
in that part of Hungary which, owing to the peace treaty of Trianon, has
been ceded to Rumania. The park is part of the estate belonging to
Count Louis Ambrézy, now Hungarian Envoy extraordinary and Minister
plenipotentiary in Vienna, Austria, who was from 1907 to 1910 a member
of the Austro-Hungarian Embassy in Washington, and being an ardent
plant lover, paid, during that time, frequent visits to the Arnold Arboretum.
These visits awakened his interest in American trees and shrubs and in-
spired him to try the acclimatization of these plants in his native country.
In this undertaking, he received the vigorous support of Professor Sargent,
and seeds secured through the Arnold Arboretum were sent to his estate
in Hungary and there successfully raised. After his return to Hungary,
Count Ambrézy started to lay out with the help of a prominent landscape
architect an extensive park surrounding his castle at Hatarmajor. Of
this park a section was devoted exclusively to American trees and shrubs.
He also made, outside the park, plantations on a large scale of economically
important American trees such as Hickories, Black Walnut, Elms, Cana-
dian Poplar and Red Cedar, which all are nowin a flourishing condition
and promise valuable returns. One of the most interesting is the planta-
tion of Hickories consisting of six species in thousands of trees planted
in close stands. They were planted in 1909 and have grown rapidly; they
probably form now the finest plantation outside of America of Hickories,
which always have remained rare trees in European gardens and parks.

The climate of Hatarmajor seems to be congenial to American plants
as the profuse flowering of Chionanthus and Cercis canadensis shows,
the latter even tends to become naturalized for seedlings are springing
up under the old trees. Castanea dentata and C. pumila are both producing
fruit and the former apparently could be grown more successfully there
than in its native country, where it is now decimated by the chestnut-
blight. A grove of Tazxodium distichum, though planted on rather dry
soil, is doing wel]. The winter in southern Hungary seems to be rather
mild and probably more like that of the middle Atlantic States, if we
may judge by the fact that Jasminum nudiflorum, planted on the walls of
the castle, begins to bloom in January, and that evergreen shrubs like
Prunus Laurocerasus and P. lusitanica and Pyracantha coccinea flourish.

To show how well the American ligneous flora is represented at Hatar-
major, a list of the species growing there may be given here.

Abies lasiocarpa var. arizonica acer saccharinum L. (A. dasycar-
mm. pum Ehrh.
Acer rubrum L. ** saccharum Marsh.

1Extracted from a German translation of a Hungarian manuscript by Dr. Gustav
oesz.

210

Aristolochia durior Hill (4A. mac-
rophylla
Aesculus octandra Marsh.

avia L.
Baccharis halimifolia L.
Benzoin aestivale Nees.
Betula papyrifera Marsh.
Campsis radicans Seem.
radicans Juss.)
Carya alba K. Koch. (C. tomentosa
Nutt.)

(Tecoma

“cordiformis K. Koch. (C.
amara Nutt.)

glabra Sweet, (C. porcina
Nutt.)

laciniosa Loud. (C. sulcata
Nutt.)
“ovata K. Koch. (C.
Nutt.)
“pecan Engl. & Graebn. (C.
olivaeformis Nutt.)
Castanea dentata Borkh.
” pumila Mill.
Catalpa bignonioides Wall.
*“ speciosa Ward.
Celtis occidentalis L.
Cercis canadensis L.
Chamaecyparis Lawsoniana Parl.
Chionanthus virginica L.
Clematis virginiana L.
Clethra alnifolia L.
Comptonia asplenifolia Ait.
Cornus florida L
** racemosa Lam. (C. candidis-
sima Marsh.
** stolonifera Michx.
Crataegus coccinea L.
crus-galli L.
phaenopyrum Med. (C.
cordata Ait.)
Diospyros virginiana L.
Fraxinus americana L.
' pennsylvanica Marsh.
Gymnocladus dioeca K. Koch.
Halesia carolina L.

alba

«é

JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM

[vou. v1

Hamamelis virginiana L.
Juniperus virginiana L.
Liquidambar styraciflua L.
Liriodendron Tulipifera L.
Lonicera sempervirens L.
Maclura pomifera Schneid.
Magnolia acuminata L.
tripetala L.

Mpyrica carolinensis Mill.
Nyssa sylvatica Marsh.
Osmaronia cerasiformis Greene.
Ostrya virginica Willd
Parthenocissus quinquefolia Planch.
Picea pungens Engelm

** sitchensis Carr.
Pinus Banksiana Lamb.
Jeffreyi Balf.
ponderosa Laws.
resinosa Ait.
“ rigida Mill.
** strobus L.

taeda L.
Populus balsamifera L. (P. deltoidea
, P. canadensis Mich. f.,

not Moench)
Pseudotsuga taxifolia Brit. (P.
Douglasii Carr.)
var. caesia As-
chers. & Graeb.

“e 66

Quercus alba L.

bicolor Willd.
notdes Sudw.)

borealis var. maxima Ashe
(Q. rubra Auth., not L.)

coccinea Muencbh.

imbricaria Michx.

macrocarpa Mich.

prinus L.

“rubra L. (Q. falcata Michx.)

stellata Wangh. (Q. minor

arg.

Rhus aromatica Ait.

* copallina L.

typhina L.

(Q. plata-

.

“ee

1925] NAKAI, DATES OF PUBLICATION OF MIQUEL’S WORKS 212

Robinia luxurians Schneid. (R. Thuja plicata Don (T. gigantea
Nutt.)

neo-mexicana Auth., not Gray). utt.
Rubus parviflorus Nutt. Tilia americana L.
Sambucus canadensis L. Tsuga canadensis Carr.
Sassafras officinale Nees & Eberm. Viburnum Lentafo
Taxodium distichum Rich. Zanthorhiza apiifolia L Hérit.

Thuja occidentalis L.

Besides the plants enumerated above, many trees and shrubs of other
parts of Europe and of Asia have found a home at Hatérmajor, which is
not only a beautiful park, but of much greater value and wider interest
as a successful experiment in the acclimatization of foreign plants to the
climate of southeastern Europe. Unfortunately it will be manifestly
impossible for Count Ambrézy to maintain the park as it was planned,
since in 1922 the Rumanian government, after passing the Agrarian reform
bill, expropriated Count Ambrézy and left him of an estate of approx1-
mately 3750 Hungarian catastral acres (5330 English acres) only about 137
Hungarian catastral acres, of which 56 belong to the park and yield there-
fore no return; it is apparent that the income from less than 100 Hun-
garian catastral acres (140 English acres) is entirely inadequate to keep
up the park. The extensive plantations of valuable American trees, which
would have yielded considerable income, have been taken over by the
Rumanian government, and are now under the Forestry Service of that
country. It certainly would be highly desirable to find ways and means
to prevent Count Ambr6ézy’s undertaking, considering its practical,
scientific, and esthetic value, from going to ruin, and Count Ambrézy
(address: Bankgasse 6, Vienna, Austria) would be glad to receive sugges-
tions in this respect.

THE EXACT DATES OF PUBLICATION OF MIQUEL’S
ANNALES MUSEI BOTANICI LUGDUNO-BATAVI
AND PROLUSIO FLORAE JAPONICAE.

T. NAKAI

Annales Musei botanici Lugduno-Batavi and Prolusio Florae Japoni-
cae are the most important and best known of the different works pub-
lished by Miquel. The dates, however, of the various parts of these two
publications are not exactly known. In botanical works they are usually
approximately cited as 1863-4, 1866-7, 1868-9. As a certain number of
contemporaneous botanical publications exist which deal with the plants
of eastern Asia, it is often necessary to know exactly which one has priority.
I have questioned the Dutch botanists at Leyden in regard to these works
without obtaining satisfactory information. I have been, however,
fortunate enough to see in the library of the Botanic Garden at Edinburgh,

212 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou. vt

the cover pages of the Annales, and thus I was able to ascertain the
exact dates of publication of this work.

Annales Musei Botanici Lugduno-Batavi was published in the years
from 1863 to 1869. The work is in 4 volumes. Each volume contains
10 fascicles and each fascicle 8 signatures with 32 pages of text and one
plate; the price of the fascicle was 3 francs. Day and month of the publi-
cation of the fascicles are not mentioned. The years of publication are
as follows:

Vol. i.
Fasc. 1. signatures 1-8, pp. 1-32, pl. 1
7 . “ 9-16, “ 33-64, “ 2
i 3 “a 17-24, “ 65-96, “ 3 1863.
ad 4 “= 25-32, “ 97-128, “ 4
a 5 - 33-40, “ 129-160, “ 5
: 6 = 41-48, “* 161-192, “ 6
_ 7 i 49-56, “* 193-224, “ 7
as 8 ” 57-64, 225-256, “ 8
“ 9, * 65-72, “ 957-988, * 9 zoe,
= “40, - 73-80, ‘* 289-318, “ 10.
with ‘ 321-331, of Index.
Vol. ii.
Fasc. 1. signatures pl.
containing the eee of te Inde to Vol 1.
“cc 2. _ :
= a - 17-24, “ ae = 4 1865,
_ 4. 7 25-32, “ 97-128, “4.
~ 5. ” 33-40, “ 129-160, without pl.
- 6. = 41-48, “ 161-192, pl. 5 & 6.
"= i. 7 49-56, “© 1938-224, “ 7.
7 8. - 57-64, “* 225-256, “ 8. 1866.
“9. . 65-72, “* 257-288, “ 9. |
“10. “ 73-80, “* 289-313, “* 10.
Vol. iii.
Fasc. 1. signatures 1-8, pp. 1-32, pl. 1
“ e. id 9-16, “ 33-64, “ 2
“ 3 “ 17-24, “ 65-96, “ 3
‘i 4 “ 25-32, “© 97-128, “ 4
vi 5 ~ 33-40, “ 129-160, “ 5 1867
- 6 “ 41-48, “ 161-192, “ 6 .
in 7 i 49-56, “© 193-224, “ 7
= 8 = 57-64, “ 225-256, “ 8
“a 9 = 65-72, “* 257-288, “9.
“10 = 73-80, “ 289-315, “ 10.
Vol. iv.
Fase. 1. signatures 1-8, pp. 1-32, pl. 1.
2, i 9-16, “ 33-64, “2.
= 3. . 17-24, “ 65-96, “ 3. 1868.
4 4. 3 25-32, ““ 97-128, “ 4.
™ 5. ™ 33-40, “ 129-160, “5.

214 JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou. vz

and botanist, came to the Arboretum to discuss Chinese explorations and
was enthusiastic about the exploration of the Richthofen and Amne Machin
Ranges and willing to undertake it.

The Arboretum was fortunate in being able to make a satisfactory ar-
rangement for this expedition in which the Harvard Museum of Com-
parative Zoology joined in the hope of obtaining additions from this un-

own region for its ornithological collection.

Rock sailed from San Francisco on September 30th. He had intended to
go first to Peking to discuss his plans with some of the Chinese officials and
some of the Americans established there, but political conditions in the
Chinese capital at this time caused him to give up this plan and he went by
Shanghai and Hongkong to Haiphong in Tonkin where he arrived on the
5th of November. By rail he went to Yunnan-fu where he was able to
gather the skilful collectors and cook who had already been with him in
China and who accompanied him northward. From Yunnan-fu his long
journey northward by mule commenced. Few men could have survived
the dangers and hardships of this journey and retained their cheerfulness
and hope of future success. The party was constantly attacked by bri-
gands and with difficulty obtained military protection from the govern-
ment. From Suifu in the Province of Szechuan, Rock wrote on January
27th,—

“After an exasperating a out a country oe from famine, we arrived
hale and peerane in Suifu. In Chaotung I was delayed ten days by terrible snow-
storms. It snowed for nine che and nights without interruption, and as the trail

Agriculture to visit Burma, Assam and Siam in order to obtain knowledge and material of idee
Chaulmoogra Tree ( vprbune re Kurzii King), the oil of which is reported a cure for le
. . hims Mo

R c New a fe)

Hawaiian plants” published se the Board of Agriculture and Forestry, Territory of Hawaii,

Islands,” with 215 photo-engravings, published
sa patronage, in (ese es in 1913, “Palmyra Island, with a pia n of its flora,” wit
the cooperatio 7 O. Beccari boas others, being Bullet in No. a College of ee Publications,
1916, “The Orn ental of Hawaii,” with 79 ‘phot i Rpt pe and 2 colored plates
published under natan age, Honoll 1917, “A monographic study _ the Hawaiian gta of
the Lobelioideae, family Campanulaceae,” in the Memoirs o ernice Pauahi Bishop
Museum, volume vii, No. 2, Honolulu 1919. Astiiee by Rock illustrated by his own photo-
gra ntit inp ge upon Hawaiian plants with descriptions of ne W specie s and
varieties,” with 5 plates, Sahiaieds in ag eds 1911, * “Descriptions of n f Hawaiian
plants,” pute hed in “‘The Hawaiian n Pe romias”’ in 1913, “List of “Hawaiian names of

e

tree [Ta .
Agriculture, Washington 1922, four aniciea published i in the “‘ National Geographic Magazine
ntitled,—“‘ Hunting she Chaulmoogra tree,” March 1922, “Banishing the devil of disease

collected in 1928—4,”’ printed from manuscripts in the possession of the . Department of
yi bse ulture by Lionel i Rothschild. These publications can be seen in the library of the
Ar

1925] SARGENT, NOTES 213

Vol. iv. (continued.)
Fasc. 6. signatures 41-48, pp. 161-192, pl. 6.
«og * 49-56, “ 193-224, “7.
” 8. ‘i 57-64, “* 225-256, 8
_ 9. - 65-72, “* 257-288, “ ;
“10. 7 73-80 “ 289-319, 10.

Prolusio Florae Japonicae. Miquel’s Prolusio florae japonicae pub-
lished first in the Annales was also issued as a separate work which bears
on its title-page the date 1866-1867. One part of the Prolusio was pub-
lished together with Musci frondosi by C. M. Van der Sande Lacoste in
the Annales toward the end of 1866; this part constitutes the end of the
first half of the separate edition of the Prolusio. A special note at the
foot of page 188 indicates the end of the first half which contains plate
1. The second half was published in 1867; it begins with Ranunculaceae
and contains plate u.

*
o

1869.

a
n

NOTES.

The Arnold Arboretum Expedition to North Central Asia.—In
northern Kansu, the northwestern province of China, there is a high
mountain region which appears on the map as the Richthofen Range and
south of this in northern Tibet there is another region of high mountains
(the Amne Machin Range). These two regions are botanically of special
interest, for judging by their altitude and latitude the plants which clothe
these mountain slopes should flourish in the northeastern United States
and Canada, and in northern Europe and northern Japan. The interest in
the botanical exploration of these regions is greatly increased by the fact
that they are in the only part of the northern hemisphere which has not
been more or less carefully worked over botanically, and that if there are
anywhere new hardy trees they should be found in this part of central
Asia. Much also might be learned here of the northern distribution of
some of the important trees which grow farther south on the Chinese-
Tibetan border.

During the summer of 1924, Mr. J. F. Rock,' the distinguished traveler

pH F, Rock n Vienna, Austria, about le Ra years ago. Asa boy he
showed wonderful apti oi acquiring a ges by learning Chinese and Arabic, and
early develope : his fog of travel by a journey maith his father to Egypt. Nothing unfor-
tunately is wn at the Peiuiion um at this time of his experiences and studies until he

reached the Hawaiian Islands, Seba in 1907, and received the appointments of he =
of Botany and of Chinese in the College of Hawaii and Consulting Botanist to the |

was in Washington in August of that year when he was employed by the Department of

1925} SARGENT, NOTES 215

is a horrible one as it is, descending through deep gorges and over mountain passes,
it was impossible to go over it covered with several feet of sap tal the Seay could

not negotiate it. There was nothing to do but to wait. We no more experi-
ences with brig: gee oe to the gods. At Laoy atan I dieshareed the unas
and caravan as the rom here on is only ouble for coolies and there are no

rse inns pr ee si was delayed three days in Laoyatan as it was difficult to
get coolies; thirty-seven I had to employ. It was only four days from Chinese
ew Year and people are not willing to spend New Year’s on the road.”
On March 21st he wrote,—
ee an illness which kept me in the hospital at Chengtu for eight ged (I
tracted a severe attack of flu ma sigs ea with a temperature of 104 Fahr.)
I "finally left Chengtu on March 16th. I was delayed m ainly on account of the
fighting and the unsettled condition of Hd eaeh Sb
Rock reached early in May, the Chinese town of Choni near the Tibetan
frontier which will probably be his headquarters for the remainder of the
year. Instead of the peaceful condition which he had expected in Kansu
he found that serious trouble had broken out between the Chinese Moham-
medans and the followers of the Living Buddha, and that under existing
conditions it would be impossible to reach, as he expected, the Amne
Machin Range by the way of Radja Gomba.
On June 24th he wrote,—
“T am leaving with my entourage for the Tebbu country once more — a
mountain called eins much higher than Mt. Koan gkei. The for
east oni and some eet in height. They all say there are mele
forests, trees of enormous size, and the country is said to be wonderful. It is in-
habited by a savage tribe called the Tebbu. It is possible to reach the Yellow River
i shal

ge. We have much material. There are : eee many conifers in Tebbu :
many Piceas and ace and others, some with cones resembling Tsuga but it reap!
be Tsuga. On looking over a hillside one can pick out the aan species by the
size and shape of tree ee nae of foliage. My boys are good tree climbers are leer
our field glasses we can detect the fruits even if only near the very. ge

su ful y e ;
If it will a be possible “get to the Amne Machin we will work Tebbu land and
north, o y the way, it is ey! - ce same latitude as the Amne Machin
aa of alin igh less high. From have seen so far and the climatic con-
ditions the plants from Tebbu Sore ma h is a high mountainous country,
lowest village being abot 9600 feet, ought to as well in Massachusetts. I do not
n the low ebbu where Purdom worked, but the northern or upper Tebbu,
== we pion. did not go. ni Prince assured me that no white man has
been in his upper Tebbu country aad that no collecting had been done there.”
‘i June 29th he wr
e meantime we wil aa the Tebbu country. From what I have seen
te ere is a large number of species of Picea and probably Abies. It is impossible
that they are all variations of either Picea Meyert or Picea Wilsonii; the leaves and
cones differ greatly, some are green when semimature, others crimson, others ol
plish black like Abies. Some are bbe beneath (the leaves), some "dark gre
The size and shape and arrangement o he leaves are very different in the i
species. I ink I found at least ten Svcs of Picea here we are going now are
i be enormous forests of immense trees. The ‘Pine found on the Minshan is
certainly Tint from the Yunnan Pine; the needles are short and of a deep dark
green, very different from the thane Pine. Pinus Armandi I have not found here
ut in the south. Undoubtedly the Tebbu country is rich in conifers and I will
endeavor re get seeds of all of them even should we go to the Amne Machin, I shall

216 JOURNAL @F THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM [vou. v1
arrange with a man, a young Tibetan, quite intelligent, and who has been in the
Tebbu country with m collect the seeds of these various conifers. I shall
= one of my Meakis ni behind sien and then we will be able to get a good

“On Faia 9th he wrote (his last letter),—

. rday we ares from the - (second) - the Tebbu land. as
seit interested in the conifers there, an am sure you ing be surprised
to learn of the great ee of Abies and Picea found ther )

one of the most common Piceas is P. Meyeri. It forms rane but is found
only on the outer margins of the Minshan. It rarely occurs with Abies and
other Piceas but usually forms pure stands. The trees are easily recognized from a
distance by their glaucous color and gray flaky bark. There are Abies 180-200

r.
we could not dim. we shot down peat th We cbiataed a fine series of these
various Abies an - Mr. Rehder in his enumeration of the woody plants of
heey China ah P. Meyeri is a very v: asiaie species. ee in this part of China
there can be n mistake Latin as to the ‘ident tity of P. Mey e only variation
that does = fey is in the color of the leaves which are ees in younger trees

green . e cones are at first (just before maturing) green and gio
ome the saan of the scales are r erent de purplis e cones are ofte
long and slender but usually somewhat cu There are a number of small fruited
Piceas, some with red cones, some with, aan blackish iota 8 some with small
leaves Saucon or white st see beneath, others uniformly green. The scales of
th

collect the seeds of all the. bio Si ie and woody plants. There are many
Primulas that are pretty and also quite a number of Meconopsis. The Meconopsis
tntegrifolia is different here from the Yunnan species. I think we have a few new
ones from Tebbu land. I am certain that these conifers and other trees will grow
in Massachusetts. During the day we have a temperature of 84 Fahr. but a morn-
ing temperature of 30 Fahr. at 6 A. M. There was always ice on our tents every
morning—this is August. In the winter the passes into Tebbu land are not ne-
gotiable. It is a most wonderful country, and no collecting has been done on the
other side. Purdom worked in the Tao River basin and in Lotani which is on the
Szechuan border south of Minchow.”

Just a year from the time Rock sailed from San Francisco the first fruits
of his journey were received at the Arboretum and consisted of five packets
of seeds, one of Leptodermis, two of Lonicera, one of Prunus and one of
Viburnum fragrans.

C. S. SARGENT.

ERRATA.

Page 141, line 14 from above for longibrateata read longibracteata.

«

cal a
. “ a *-

a

144, line 9 from below for Macgregorei read Macgregorii.

150, line 5 from above for S. senanensis read Phyllostachys bam-
busoides; and on the same line for 1 read 1.

151, line 15 from above for fastosa read fastuosa.

152, line 15 and line 17 from above for Oreostachys read Oreiostachys.
187, line 2 from above for Durrazo read Durazzini.

INDEX

Synonyms are printed in italics; new names in bold-face type.

Abies alba f. compacta, 204
— Cedrus,

ie phasicon mtea, 204

— lasiocarpa arizonica, 209

— saccharinum, 193, 209
— saccharum, 193, 209
ae ia ete our knowledge of the Flora of

Hain
Aes heen 210
— Pavia, 193, 210
bama, Catalogue of Trees growing
naturally in the vicinity of Sardis, Dallas
ounty, 189
Albizzia julibrissin, 187
Aleurites cordata, 187
Alnus Jackii, 140
Amelanchier X Sorbus, 154
Amelanchier canadensis
— florida orbus is silokonht sis, 154
Amelasorbus, a new bigeneric hybrid, 154
Pee 154
— Jackii, 154
rehire Wee and Shrubs in the park of
Hatérmajor, nade
Annales Musei Botanici Lugduno-Batavi,
The exact dates of ao of, 211
Apodytes oe a,

— javanica,
ralia spi ; on
Aristolochia durior, 209
ae ri, 187

— macrophylla, 209

Arnold Arboretum expedition to north
central Asia, 213
Arnold Arboretum, New species, varieties

and combinations from the herbarium and
the collections of the, 201

Arundinaria,

Arundinaria, 150

— armata, 153

— baviensis, 151

Arundinaria callosa, 151
— Chi

— Laydekeri, 147
— linearis, 146

— Mailing, 150
— Manni, 153
— Matsunai, 146
— Mazximowient, 145
— microphylla, 153

— niitakayamensis, 148
— nitida, 153

— — 151
mila, 1

— — Regamoweki 153
— rigidula, 1

— Rolloana, 7

— Sat, 1

— Simont, 147

— — albo-striata, 147

220

Arundinaria Simoni argenteo-striata, 147
—— Chino,

, 147
a deta. 148

Genera of, with
ks on the related genera
growing in eastern Asia, 145
Bambusa aff. B. pygmaea, 148

no, 147

Chi
— disticha, 150

Berchemiella crenulata, 142
Betula nigra, el

yrifera
Bigeneric mun Amelasorbus, A New, 154

Calpigyne a 135
Campsis chinensis, 187

— radicans, 2

Canavalia ensiformis, 187
Carpinus caroliniana, 191
Carya alba, 190, 210

— — subcoriacea, 190

INDEX

[voL. v3

Carya amara, 210

— aquatica, 190

— carolinae-septentrionalis, 190
— cordiformis, 190, 210

‘omentosa, 210

Castanea alnifolia floridana, 191
— dentata, 191, 210

— pumila, 191, 210

Castanopsis cuspidata, 187

Catalogue of Trees growing naturally in
the dang’ of Sardis, Dallas County,
Alabam

ee enone 194, 210

— Paha

drus roe te

Celtis laevigata, 192

—- —— 210

—— cras

Coshalanthus S aluaike 195
Cercis canadensis, 198, 210
Chamaecyparis Lawsoniana, 210
Chaydaia crenulata, 142

o New Trees from, 144
sis, 140

ie smerpnenegins 151

— baviensis, 151

— Hookeriana, 151

1925]
Chimonobambusa intermedia, 151
— khas 51

orea, 151
— polystachya, 151

— pumila
— quadrangularis, 151
China, A New Species from Western,

Syringa rugulosa, 153
Chinese Ligneous Plants, Further Notes on,
140

Chionanthus homies 194, 210

Cuun, Woon Youn Two New Trees
from Chekiang, 14

m pedunculatum, 188

Clematis virginiana, 210

Clerodendron japonicum, 188

— trichotomum, 187, 188

Clethra alnifolia, 210

Cocks, R. S., Catalogue of trees growin
naturally in the vicinity of Sardis, Dallas

0

Crataegi, Syovel of North American, 5
ratae otes on, 1
Crataegus, A complete alphabetical list of
all North American species and varieties
77

— coccinea, 210

— coccinioides, 4
— cordata, 210

_— Crus-galli, 1, 210

rsifolia, 4
= — 1

— ignan
— pactsauail, 2

INDEX

221

Crataegus neosmithii, 2
— olivacea
— padifolia incarnata, 4
> panda, 5
—_ phaenopyram, 210
— Ridgwa
— simul
— sordida villosa, 2
— Rane 192
— spect
— crnptoph, 1
— tomentosa, 192
— Acidia
— Wheeleri, 4
— X Whitakeri, 3
Cryptomeria japonica, 187
Cymbidium ensifolium, 186
Cyrilla racemiflora, 193
Dacrydium elatum, 130
Daphne odora, 186
Deutzia Chunii, 140
Diervilla coreensis, 187
Dioscorea septemloba, 186
Diospyros virginiana, 194, 210
Dolichos le 187
— lablab, 1
Dr tae ol Saenger 187
Drypetes hainanensis,
Eastern China, ae Bonin and Liukiu Islands
and of Formosa, The Rhododendrons of,
56

Eriobotrya japonica, 186
Ervatamia pallida, 148

a dates of ae of Miquel’s
nnales Musei Botanici Lugduno-Batavi
i Prolusio Florae Japonicae, The, 21
Fagara mengtzeana, 142
— multijuga, 142
Fagus grandifolia, 191
—— caroliniana, 191
Fargesia, 152
Pa tla 152
— spathacea, 152
Fatsia j seeps 186
Ficus e 86
Fissistigme | hainanense, 131
— maclurei
Flacourtia x 137

222

slept indica, 187
‘aria, 18
Foreatiers acuminata, 194
raxinus americana, 194, 210
194

— caroliniana,
— pennsylvanica, 210
—— lanceolata, 194

Further Notes on Chinese Ligneous Plants,

Gleditsia geonig 193

Gmelina indica

pare pisocarpa, —-

Gymnocladus dioeca, 210

Hainan, Additions to our knowledge of the
Flora of, 129

Halesia carolina, 194, 210

— diptera,

— Mac¢gregorii, 144, 217

Hamamelis incarnata, 208

— japonica flavo-purpurascens, 208

vo-purpurascens, 208
— virginiana, 210
American Trees

Heritiera parvifolia, 137

Holoste sinense, 143

Hosta caerulea, 186

H., Further Notes on Chinese
Lienacus Plants, 140

Hybrid, Amelasorbus, a new bigeneric, 154

Icones eure plantarum quas in Japon:
7 = delineavit Engelbertus —

Tex em 193

Inula japonica, 187
Is Quercus arkansana a hybrid? 195

INDEX

[vou. v1

Itea longibracteata, _ Q17
Jasminum nudiflorum,
Joseph Banks: imag select

rtus Kaempfer

— communis depressa plumosa, 204
—e

= horizontalis — 203
—— glomerata,

—— plumosa, i

— japonica alba, 202

— — argentea-variegata, 202
— Sabina alpina, 203

— virginiana, 190, 210

Larix , 20

— patula, 2

Lasianthus on 140

Lilium cordifolium, 187

Liquidambar styraciflua, 192, 210

——— ee areas ni 210
thocarpus cuspidata, 1

Litosanthes eee ag

Litsaea g

Lonicer a sempervirens, ou

Machilus arog

Maclura pomifera,

Magnolia erin ai

McKELveEy, SusAN DELANO, Syringa rugu-
losa, a new species from western China,
153

| yunnanensis, |
Merrit, E. D., eres i: our knowl-
an ‘of the flora of Hainan, 12
Mespilus Fontanesiana, 1
Metaplexis Hemsleyana, 143
— sinensis, 143

1925]

Miquel’s Prolusio Florae Japonicae, The
exact dates of publication of, 211

Morus rubra, 1

Mpyrica carolinensis, 210

— cerifera,

— rubra, 187

Nakal, de ans sie Banks: Icones selectae
plantarum Japonia collegit et
delineavit Engelbert Kaempfer, 186.

publication of Miguel’

Annales Musei Botanici Lugduno-Batavi

— Two New Genera of Bambusaceae, with
special remarks on the related gene
growing in eastern Asi

Nandina domestica, 186

Neolitsea glauca, 1
e pecies, varieties and combinations

from the herbarium and the collections
of the Arnold Arboretum, 201
Notes, 213
Notes on Cra rig
Notha arn meted 136
Nyssa ae a, 194
— biflora, 194
ae i 210
Oreiostachys,

» 217

Orophea fainanensls, 132
Osmaronia cerasiformis, 210
Ostrya virginiana, 191, 210
Oxydendron arboreum, 194
Paederia chinensis, 186
PautMeER, Ernest J., Is Quercus arkansana a

hybrid? 195
— Synopsis of North veri Crataegi, 5
Parthenocissus quinquefolia, 2
— tricuspidata, 188
Pasania cus pidata, 187
Persea Borbonia, 192
Phaseolus angularis, 187
Phyllochlam a lees 131

— taxoides
Phlotaciy — oe 217
Pic compacta,

e
=
7

2
Pinus a 210
— Cedrus
— — effusa, on
— — foliis argenteis, 204
— — glauca.
—— nana, 205

INDEX

Pinus echinata, 190

192
Platanus ian iatlen 192
lastus, 14

moni,

—-— a te 147
—— variegatus

Podoc ocarpus cane 187
Popowia pis

Populus baleemniters 210

— Munsoniana, 192
— serotina, 193

— umbellata, 192
Pseudosasa, 150
isticha, 150

— variegata
Pseudotsuja Dieta. 210
— ame 210

210
Ptelea trifoliata, 193
Pueraria hirsuta, vile
Pyracantha coccine
Quercus arkansana a peer 195
Quercus alba, 1 91, 210

— austrina,

224

Quercus bicolor, 210

— borealis maxima, 191, 210
— Bushii, 192

— caput-rivuli, 200

— Catesbaei, 191

— Durandii, 191
— falcata,
— glauca, 186

— imbricaria, 210
— laurifolia, 191

macrocarpa, 210
— marilandica, 191

— Muehlenbergii, 191

— esta 192

— velutin

Raphiolepis umbellata, 188

Reaper, ALFRED, oe
one hybrid,

New species, baie and combination
artes the arium and the aia
of the Arnold Arboretum, 201

9

a new

Rhododendron aes Lév. & Vaniot,

200
— anwheiense, 163
1, 17

ry m
— chrysocalyx, 200

INDEX

[vou. v1

Rhododendron ciliato-pedicellatum, 169
— dauricum mucronulatum, 174

— Dunnii, 170

— ellipticum, 174

— ellipticum, 176

— Farrerae, 185

— fokienense, 167

— Fordii,

— formosanum, 165
— Fortunei, 1

— hainanense, 182
— ite yi, 169

— hype jada 168
— 188

— Kawakamii, 1
—lam sori rt 174
— lasiostylum, 182
— Latoucheae, 178
1

_— rpisealnanesty 176
— Levinei

— lier, 183
— Mariae,

— Mariesii, sin

— Mori, 164

— Nakahar

—_— ee 163

— Seni » 184

Rhododendrons of eastern China, the Bonin
and Liukiu Islands and of Formosa, The
15

Rhus aromatica, 210
— scarce a 210
— typhina

1925]

Rhus vernix, 193

Ribes sativum striatum, 208
—— variegatum, 2

— vulgare striatum, 208

ariegatum,
Robinia praca 211
a, 211
— a eri 193
Rock, J.: see Arnold Arboretum Expedition
213

— parviflorus, 211
Salix arenaria, 206

— argentea, 206

— ph ate 206

— depressa nitida, 206

— arenaria, 20
— grisea, 206
— = agar 206
— lanata,

— cn “lung chao liu,” 206
— — tortuosa, 206
— — “Saule Man-tou-liu,”’
—-— umbraculifera, 20
— nigra, 190
— repens arenaria, 206

06

205

204
Sambucus canadensis, 2
SARGENT The en Arboretum ex-
eaeibian a north central Asia, 21)
— Notes on Crataegus, 1
Sasa, 1
— bitchuensis, 149
— chartacea ,149
— kurilensis, 149

— nana
— niitakayamensis, 148
— — mtcrocarpa, 148

— nipponica, 149
—— purpurascens, 149
— ramosa, 150

— senanensis, 150
— Shimidzuana, 150
— stenantha, 150

INDEX

Sasa tessellata, 150

— Veitchii, 150
Sassafras officinale, 192
Sem megs 151
— fastu

— Pan dineil 151

Skimmia japonica,

Smythea nitida, 1

Sorbus sitchensis X = florida, 154
Symplocos Chunii, 138

— fasciculiflora, 139

Synopsis of Marth American Crataegi, 5
sbi rugulosa, A new species from west-
ro China, 153

Sar pie:
Tabernaemontana ne 143
Taxodium ascendens, 1

— distichum, 190, 211

Tarotrphis cance 130
— tazoides, 131

Taxus man X cuspidata, 201
— X Hunnewelliana, 201
Tecoma Geen. 21

Thuja gigantea, 211

—_— anaes 211

— plicata, 211
Tilia americana, 211
— florid 9

oblongifolia, 194
— heterophylla, 194

—— Mi a ia 194
— nuda,

—_—— a0 uces oe 193
Torreya Jac

4
Trichosanthes cts 188

Two New Genera of Bambusaceae, with
special remarks on the related genera
growing in eastern Asia, 145

Two New Trees from Chetane 144

Ulmus alata,

— americana, 192

— campestris Dauvessei, 207

— Dauvessei, 20

226 INDEX

Ulmus fulva, 192

— hollandica Dauvessei, 207

— montana Dauvessei, 207

Vaccinium arboreum, 194

Viburnum Lentago, 211

— rufidulum, 195

Vitis chunganensis, 143

— fagifolia, 142

Witson, Ernest H., Rhododendron chry-
socalyx Lév. & Vaniot,

— The Rhododendrons of eastern China, the

[veu. vi
Bonin and Liukiu Islands and of Formosa,

156
Xanthophyllum hainanense, 142
— Maingayi

Peotheakion ene a,
Zanthoxylum nena a 193
— multifoliolatum,

— multijugum, 142

Zingiber mioga, 186