ba inijy -| | as at Winter 2009 : 7 Ol OF; »? 1S pres eT Bop EMERSO Soe photo by Kristi Foster President’s Comment < During these uncertain economic times, it gives me great comfort to consider the fact that this institution, founded on an Englishman’s dream, has weathered 150 years. In 2009, the Missouri Botanical Garden celebrates its sesquicentennial with a look back at our history and a look forward to a sustainable future. However challenging the path, I know I can count on you, our friends and supporters, to help the Garden succeed and thrive in the coming years. We are very pleased to thank Emerson as the presenting sponsor of our anniversary celebration. Thanks to all the many people who contributed with year-end support to the Henry Shaw Fund. Thank you to our new trustees, Steve Roberts and Bob Millstone, who joined our board last fall. Thank you for the wonderful leadership we continue to enjoy under chairman Nick Reding and vice-chair Carolyn Losos. Carolyn was recently named an “Ageless-Remarkable St. Louisan,” and we couldn’t agree more! Thanks are due as well to the many members of our Heritage Society, who support the Missouri Botanical Garden through bequests and other planned gifts. This year, the Garden celebrates being “green for 150 years.” We have plant science and conservation operations in 36 countries around the globe in a race to preserve biodiversity. Our William L. Brown Center works with medicinal plants and the peoples around the world who use them (see pages 16-17). Our Center for Conservation and Sustainable Development helps build a core of committed, educated citizens to protect their own natural resources from degradation and exploitation in countries where the need is greatest. As you consider New Year’s resolutions, join the Garden in a pledge to “srow green” (pages 8-9) and become a better steward of (ie reatel Ptr ¥. Reser, Dr. Peter H. Raven, President Lh Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin To discover and share knowledge about plants and their environment, in order to preserve and enrich life. — mission of the Missouri Botanical Garden Board of Trustees Officers Chair Mr. Nicholas L. Reding Vice Chair Carolyn W. Losos President Dr. Peter H. Raven mber! Mr. =. Waker F. Ballinger II Eval Mr. Barrett Toan fficio Rev. Dene Biondi, Wayne Smit Mr. Richard T. Sullivan, Jr. Dr. Mark S. Wrighton Members Emeriti n Fox Mr. mete rt R. Hermann Winter 2009 Mr. Edward D. Higgins al Mrs. Robert P. Tschudy Mr. John K. Wallace, Jr i arry E. ipoatiecdi= Jr. Honorary Trustees Dr. Werner Greuter Dr. Surinder M. Sehgal mbers’ rd aes ee Bath A Mrs. Warren Gelman Mr. Dyan Gravens Mrs. Laurence Madeo Mrs. Kenneth F. Teasdale Mrs. Robert P. Tschudy Mrs. Eric R. Weidmann Botanical Garden Subdistrict of ie Metropolitan Zoological Park and Museum District Antoinette Baile n Charles A. Stewart, Jr. Marjorie M. Wer Roy Jerome allies Sin Hillary B. Zimmerman Non-voting advisory members: Willie J. Meadows Janice M. Nelson James H. Yemm In this Issue 5-9 Green for 150) Years The Garden Celebrates Sustainability for the Future On the Cover Archival photo of violinist on an Amazon water lily. 1890, MBG Archives. Credits Editor: Elizabeth McNul Designers: Ellen Flesch, “ Ricker ©2009 ee oe eal The Bulletin is a t membership. The BULLETIN (ISSN 0026-6507) is sami quarterly by the Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Blvd., St. Louis, MO 63110. Periodicals postage paid at St. Louis, MO 14-15 Dr. Ward’s Fabulous Case The 180th Anniversary of the Invention of the Terrarium Departments From the President ........ 2 ING Wie aia pia nee eS one ee 4 PAISLOI ye aeons ee ae 8 In Your Garden Now..... 13 Rete song eee 16 Family of Attractions...... 20 Green imine cca yw ees 22 PDUs. 645.6.08.2een 24-26 Byente & Calendar «2.6 28-31 18-19 Grow with the Garden Educational Fun for Alll at the Garden Ready to Go Electronic? New in 2009, the Bulletin is available as a downloadable PDF for viewing onscreen on your computer, iPhone, etc. Sign up for the new online-only version by sending an email to membership@mobot.org. (Let us know if you’d like to forego your paper subscription to save trees.) Last year, the Bulletin became a quarterly publication. We’re staying quarterly, but modifying the schedule. This issue covers only two months so that next issue will cover March, April, and May. Garden Hours Open daily 9 a.m. to 5 p.m Closed December 25. Parking is free. General Admission Adults $8; Members and children 12 and under free * epecal wert require an additional fee. St. with pr moor of passes receive a As J. Crane y at a. - mornings until noon (unless special event pricing naplin. ; ze Contacts Garden operator a 577-5100 from 8:3 24-Hour Event be (314) 577-9400 Website Garden ni Shop: www.gardengateshop.org Winter 2009 Sustainability Statement Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin is printed on paper ecycled content, that is, paper that The Parte 100% post-consumer r you might have placed in the recycle bin in your home or office this year. It is manufactured using wind power, a renewable energy source. We print locally, so there is no long-haul transportation, and choose the most environmentally responsible paper around. So if you aren't quite we're reinvesting in our community. We work hard to ready to go completely electronic with our online version, you can still enjoy your paper Bulletin in good conscience. Once you’ve read it, please recycle. Members’ Online Ticket Code Enter your membership number and the code henryshaw Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin 3 NEWS | Main Drive Improvements Artist’s rendering of new main drive. Last October, the Garden began the first phase of a facelift for the front entry at 4344 Shaw. When complete, the project will improve vehicular traffic flow, enhance safety for pedestrians, increase lighting, provide bike racks, and beautify the entry with new wrought- iron fencing. While the drive is under construction, free on-site parking 1s available via temporary entrances around the corners at Alfred and Tower Grove avenues. photo by Leslie Wallace Dr. Peter H. Raven presents the Henry Shaw Medal to Dr. Thomas E. Lovejoy. Henry Shaw Medal On Monday, October 13, at the annual Henry Shaw Dinner, the Garden awarded the Henry Shaw Medal to Dr. Thomas E. Lovejoy. Dr. Lovejoy is president of the H. John Heinz II Center for Science, Economics, and the Environment (www.heinzctr.org). An ecologist who has worked in the Brazilian Amazon since 1965, Lovejoy has focused on the interaction between climate change and biodiversity for more than 20 years. He is also the founder of the iconic public television series Nature. Awarded since 1893 and named for the Garden’s founder, the Henry Shaw Medal is the Garden’s highest honor and is granted to those who have made a significant contribution to the Missouri Botanical Garden, botanical research, horticulture, conservation, or the museum community. Welcome, New Trustees! At their October meeting, the Garden’s board of trustees welcomed two new members: Steve Roberts, president and chief operating officer of The Roberts Companies, a real estate development, television broadcasting, Steve Roberts telecommunications, and construction management firm. Roberts earned his J.D. and Masters of Law from Washington University and has been active in a number of organizations, including Barnes Jewish Hospital Foundation, the St. Louis Black Leadership Roundtable, the Center for Emerging Technologies, Children’s Hospital Foundation, and the Saint Louis Zoo Foundation. 4 Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin Bob Millstone, president and founder of The Millstone Company, a real estate and private equity investment firm. Formerly president of Millstone Bangert Inc., Millstone also served as senior trial attorney for the tax division of the U.S. Department of Justice. Millstone earned his J.D. and his M.B.A. from Washington University and has been active in a number of organizations, including Barnes Jewish Hospital Foundation, Good Government for Missouri, Jewish Federation of St. Louis, Millstone Foundation, and University of Missouri-St. Louis’s Chancellor’s Council. Bob Millstone Winter 2009 Members of the Garden’s new Corporate Council met November 19 at the Garden. Corporate Council The Missouri Botanical Garden has established a new Corporate Council. The Council, chaired by Pamela Jackson, Vice President, Technology for Emerson, is designed to deepen the Garden’s relationship with the corporate community through education, volunteer opportunities, and special events. The Garden is pleased to announce the members of the Corporate Council: Pamela B. Jackson, Emerson, Chair Brown, Guarantee Electrical Company, Inc. Emily Conley, CBIZ & Mayer Hoffman McCann P.C. Ken Crawford, Argent Capital Management Bill Croghan, Boa Construction Company, Inc. Kevin Eblen, Monsanto Company Daniel Genovese, UMB Bank, N.A. Gary L. Graham, City of O’Fallon, Illinois Shawn D. Hagan, Fifth Third Bank Richard Halpern, The Daniel and Henry Company Edward D. Higgins David M. Hollo, Wachovia Securities Daniel G. Jay, Christner Inc. Lawrence P. Katzenstein, Thompson Coburn LLP Todd Kinnikin and Michael Kinnikin, Eureka Forge Jerry Kluge, J.W. Terrill C. Eric Lobser, Laclede Gas Company Karen Marin Susan eee Smurfit-Stone Container Corp. Douglas W. Rau, Sigma-Aldrich Corporation R. Duane Reed, R. Duane Reed Gallery Brian Rothery, Enterprise Rent-A-Car Company Beth Rusert, Maritz Inc. Christoph H. Schmidt, CSI ead Inc. Eric Schreimann, Regio ank Deborah ce Bunge ve America, Inc. Jill Sickmann, Ronno Donnell Shon Hager Companies Jeff Stuerman, Edward Jones J. Kim Tucci, The Pasta House Company Jackie Watson, U.S. Bank, N.A. Kathleen A. Wunderlich, Northern Trust Bank oco Coffee Company For information regarding the Corporate Council, please contact the Institutional Advancement office at (314) 577-9495. Stubb’s Supper Restored Last July, conservation was completed on one of the Garden’s most famous works of art, Stubb’s Supper, by renowned sculptor Frank Stella. The large sculpture is a reference to Herman Melville’s 1851 novel Moby Dick. Portions of the sculpture had rusted, corroded, and faded. BRH Sculpture Conservation LLC removed the sculpture’s steel sections for offsite sandblasting and treatment. The pieces were protected, painted where appropriate, and then reassembled at the Garden. photo by Lauren Kirkwood Stubb’s Supper by Frank Stella. ess-Remarkable —— ~ "a5 : 4 Age Carolyn Losos. ee een Garden's board since 2006. Vice-Chair Losos Wins Award At a dinner in November, the vice-chair of the Missouri Botanical Garden’s board of trustees, Carolyn Losos, was named one of the 2008 class of “Ageless-Remarkable St. Louisans.” ‘The awards are given annually by the St. Andrew’s Charitable Foundation to a group of energetic, productive St. Louisans over the age of 75 in recognition of their contributions to the community well after the age of retirement. Losos has been vice-chair of the NEwsS In memoriam: Margaret “Peg” Grigg 1914-2008 Margaret “Peg” Grigg, a treasured friend of the Missouri Botanical Garden and long-standing supporter of cultural life in St. Louis, died September 23, 2008. Ms. Grigg was a member of the Garden’s board of trustees since 1984 and a volunteer for many years. Her relationship with the Garden began decades earlier when she strolled Garden grounds as a child with her father. She went on to volunteer for 25 years in Tower Grove House and to make many generous financial contributions. In 1982, she dedicated Grigg Hall in the Garden’s Ridgway Visitor Center in memory of her husband, Hamblett Charles Grigg, former president of the 7-Up soft drink company. In 1996, in honor of her parents, Robert and Estelle Blanke, she contributed a gift that established the Margaret Grigg Nanjing Friendship Garden, one of the nation’s earliest and most authentic Chinese gardens. Ms. Grigg was awarded the Garden’s highest honor, the Henry Shaw Medal. In addition to the Garden, Ms. Grigg contributed her time and resources to the St. Louis Symphony Orchestra, the Missouri Historical Society, the St. Louis Art Museum, and Opera Theatre of St. Louis. Her friendship, generosity, and deep commitment to the mission of the Missouri Botanical Garden, as well as other cultural institutions, set an outstanding example of leadership in the St. Louis community. New Vietnamese Herbarium Drs. Rainer Bussmann and Wendy Applequist of the Garden’s William L. Brown Center are developing a natural products discovery program in Vietnam in collaboration with Vietnam’s Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources (IEBR) and the University Artist’s rendering of the float featuring the Garden. Rose Bowl Parade On January 1, the Garden’s sesquicentennial kicks off with a very special float at the Tournament of Roses Parade in Pasadena, California. The city of St. Louis float, made possible by Anheuser-Busch, honors the 75th anniversary of the Budweiser Clydesdales and the 150th anniversary of the Missouri Botanical Garden. The Garden’s historic Linnean House conservatory, famous tropical water lilies, and a young Henry Shaw are surrounded by flowers on the Clydesdale-drawn display. of Mississippi. Collecting 1s expected to begin next year in Bach Ma National Park. The forests of Bach Ma, which include the wettest spot in Vietnam, suffered heavy damage during the Vietnam War. Nevertheless, the park 7 Dr. Bussmann with Bach Ma director Dr. Huynh Van Keo (left) and park rangers, displaying a specimen collected from the park in front of the herbarium’s new custom-made cabinets. preserves remarkable diversity, with over 2,000 reported plant species— and one tiger! In October, Bussmann and Applequist helped IEBR to set up an herbarium for the park with cabinets and dehumidifiers, and five rangers were trained to collect and prepare specimens. Bach Ma recently expanded its boundaries, and an on-site herbarium will allow park staff to identify and document the flora of the land in their charge. Winter 2009 Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin o photo by Wendy Applequist ALLA \ \\@QeweFA ALh Gg by ty Py CELL fh hf ho fs : a Re . * 'e by , ’ . i a @ (Bx .- VY \ we ‘ ee > Midge Tooker, James MacDonald, and Isabelle Morris Jeff and Susie Stuerman Carol and David Gast, Ann Augustin, Lee Bohm, and Lucy Lopata LE a aa ee «i TX AO a ke Thom and Patti Lewts a ae Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin Wier = Fs eee OP 8 tod Abedin he Aas omar ARRAAARAAAANNAN VG MissOuURI BOTANICAL GARDEN Stee On 15 O YEARS 1859-2009 GREEN FOR 150 YEARS The Missouri Botanical Garden Celebrates Sustainability for the Future The Missouri Botanical Garden opened to the public on June 15, 1859, making it the oldest botanical garden in continuous operation in the nation. In 2009, the Garden observes our 150* anniversary, or sesquicentennial. Join us throughout the year as we celebrate our heritage and look forward to the next 150 years. Celebrating the Garden’s Heritage In 2009, “Shaw’s Garden” will pay tribute to both its Victorian and St. Louis roots with a floral clock. First developed in Edinburgh, working floral clocks rocketed to popularity with the 1904 World’s Fair, when St. Louis displayed a magnificent example. In 2009, from Apnil through October, the Garden will feature a new floral clock near the historic reflecting pools. Twenty feet across and highlighting seasonal flowers of all varieties, the clock will feature a working cuckoo chirping every quarter hour. The William T. Kemper Center for Home Gardening will display heirloom vegetables from the second half of the 19™ century in the Family Vegetable Garden. Beets, cabbage, beans, eggplants, tomatoes, and squash varieties grown from seed will reach peak bloom from late spring through summer. Several of the varieties were grown by Shaw himself. Shaw kept handwritten journals of his European travels in the 1840s, documenting the places he saw, foods he ate, books he read, and Our anniversary celebration is presented by EMERSON. Winter 2009 a PTI CF ipa ow, as LOT “In addition to being a beloved oasis for beleaguered urbanites, the Missouri Botanical Garden is a sanctuary for the plants themselves, the natural habitats of which are shrinking at alarming rates.” mu The Garden’s floral clock pays tribute to our Victorian history— and to St. Louis! more. These never-before-seen travelogs are one of the few personal documents written by Shaw that exist today, and will be made public for the first time in 2009. Read Travels with Henry throughout the year on the Garden’s website, www.mobot.org. When you visit, take the cell phone history audio tour to hear what Shaw might say about his beloved Garden today. Championing a Sustainable Future Pledge to “Grow Green with the Garden” in 2009 by resolving to make sustainable lifestyle choices. Sustainability is meeting the needs of the current generation without compromising the resources available to future generations. In spring 2009, pick up a pledge card on-site or visit www.mobot.org to select one or more environmentally-friendly choices to benefit the earth. Learn more about sustainable living at the Green Living Expo. Visitors to the Brookings Interpretive Center from May 1 through October 31 can peruse goods, services, and information designed to help you grow green. The Pledge to Grow Green with the Garden by making simple expo is an extension of a Garden- sponsored green living weekend at the Saint Louis Science Center in early spring 2009. lifestyle changes. The Garden will also offer a first-of-its-kind lecture series, The Global Garden, beginning in March. See page 30 for more details. The series reflects the Garden’s core objective to help people throughout the world conserve and manage Earth’s resources. artist’s rendering Winter 2009 —Green for 150 Years Commemorative edition available with limited edition print while supplies last at www.gardengateshop.oreg. GET YOUR COPY Purchase your commemorative edition of the Missouri Botanical Garden: Green for 150 Years (with over 400 photos and a foreword by Dr. Peter H. Raven) in a collector’s slipcase and receive a limited edition 8” x 10” print by renowned photographer Ian Adams, while supplies last. Available for purchase in the shop or online at www.gardengateshop.org. Science and Conservation The Missouri Botanical Garden operates one of the three largest plant science programs in the world, with researchers in 36 countries on six continents. Learn more about these science and conservation efforts with displays and exhibits throughout the year, highlighting the Garden’s projects and areas where the Garden works. The Garden also joins forces with Prevention Magazine, the Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes- Jewish Hospital and Washington University to present a two-day community celebration of medicinal plants and healthy living in July. Business leaders and interested individuals are invited to attend a plant science symposium on Rosy periwinkle is used to treat childhood leukemia. Learn more about the power of plants at www.mobot.org/power. Friday, July 17, focusing on the science and business of plants in St. Louis’s “BioBelt” region. On Saturday, July 18, visitors can pay tribute to the healing power of plants like the rosy periwinkle (used to treat childhood leukemia) and enjoy Prevention Magazine’s “Healthy You Healthy Planet” Festival. Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin 9 we Ufewe yy rae . First open to the public in 1859, the Missouri Botanical Garden is the oldest botanical garden in continuous operation in the United States and one of the only gardens to achieve National Historic Landmark status. In 2009, we celebrate the Garden’s 150th anniversary, or sesquicentennial, with the publication of a series of reprints of historic documents. 10 ff Gace hth Leto ious 4 fh ul , bandon { er fer A Guide to the Missouri Botanical Garden St. Louis By Henry Shaw At length, the finish'd Garden to the view, Its vistas open, and its alleys green Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin Among the various papers left by Henry Shaw was his “Guide to The Missouri Botanical Garden.”’ This document consists of some 500 pages in Shaw’s handwriting, begun about 1880 and completed when Shaw was 85 years old, four years before his death. Excerpted here are the introductory passages, reproduced exactly as Shaw wrote, with occasional British spelling and non-standard punctuation. It has only been printed once before, in the September issue of the 1943 Bulletin. fall public resorts a scientific garden when properly kept, will be found to be, not only one o the most delightful mediums for intellectual gratification and amusement, but, also one of the greatest of temporal blessings that can be enjoyed by a people. To all classes of society, the old and the young, the infirm invalid, or the robust and the vigorous, the rich and the poor, a garden may be considered almost alike an object of interest, of instruction, and amusement. It is a field which abounds with objects, that generally make lasting impressions on the mind; and happily there are but few, who, however unacquainted with the principles of botanical Winter 2009 science, are not more or less filled with admiration at the endless variety of form, presented by any considerable assemblage of the vegetable kingdom; their grotesque trunks, and tapering stems; their leaves so varied in shape, and so beautiful in structure; their flowers, so curious in their parts, so diversified in colour, and often so exquisitely fragrant; but above , how admirably adapted is each, in one way or another, for the use and gratification of man. A Guide that should indicate to strangers the more remarkable features of the Missouri Botanical Garden of St. Louis, and point out the many interesting plants cultivated there, has long been a desideratum!. The very fact of the continual additions to the plants, and their rapid growth, renders it difficult to give a perfect Guide or Handbook, or only reference to the more remarkable objects can be esired; the constantly increasing bulk of the plants, and fresh arrivals of novelties, causes such a guide to become in a measure imperfect soon after its publication. In summer from May to September, most of the plants are placed in the open air; thus individuals that are recorded as occupying any particular plant house, may require shifting the very next day. It must also be obvious to every intelligent observer, that in a comparative limited collection, requiring artificial protection, not botanical 1 Latin, something desired as essential. Jj arrangement, or class divisions can be expected; in cultivation, the required temperature has to be attended to, any neglect of which would be speedy destruction to ‘ tropical plants. This Guide is historical and descriptive, rather than botanical, a science to which the writer has but small pretensions, and tho’ little qualified, knew no other person competent and willing to undertake the task; so it is nothing more in fact, than a compilation ‘of information gathered from various sources. The beauty of these grounds, and the plants they contain, combined with the free admission of the public, attracts, as may be supposed, at certain seasons, a great crowd of visitors, - and a few needful regulations here given, are mainly taken from the Guides of the Kew Gardens. Ist Smoking, or eating & drinking or the carrying of provisions of any kind into the Gardens, are ad forbidden, No dogs can be admitt 2nd No ae or parcels, bags or baskets are allowed to be carried into the grounds. All such must be deposited at the Gate of Entrance, while the owners make the tour of the Gardens. 3rd_No person attired otherwise than respectably can enter, not children too young to take care of themselves, unless a parent or suitable person be with them—the police (when there) save orders to remove such, or also persons guilty of any kind of impropriety, and when large schools are admitted they to be accompanied by a requisite number of tutors & in accordance with the rules of the Garden. 4th It is by no means forbidden to walk upon grass walks, still it is requested that preference be given to the gravel-paths & especially that the lawn edges parallel to the walks, be not made a foot way, as nothing renders them more unsightly. It is scarcely needful to say that all _ play, leaping over beds, \ running in the grass & slopes are prohibited. ‘ne Henry Shaw Gardens are intended for agreeable recreation and instruction, not for idle sports. 5th It is requested that visitors will refrain from touching the plants, and flowers; a contrary practice can only lead to suspicion, perhaps unfounded, that their object is to abstract a plant or flower, which when detected must be followed by expulsion. 6th in entering the plant houses it is particularly requested that visitors will keep to the right, if they do otherwise they will pass each other which the narrowness of the walks renders difficult, and this must occasion inconvenience to all parties, and often injury to the plants. The accompanying plan of the grounds will, it is expected, prove useful to the visitor. More might be said on these heads, but while bearing testimony to the excellent conduct of the many thousands who frequent the gardens, I prefer to rely on the good sense and honorable feeling of visitors, and the value they must attach to the privilege here afforded, rather than multiply restrictions that may not be absolutely required. It will be observed the Garden is in three grand divisions. 1st The Garden proper, containing the plant houses for tropical and other plants requiring protection, but which in summer are put out of doors, except the ferns and large palms; the Herbaceous ground with plants scientifically arranged and named, is in the centre around use pavilion, and the Cacti in the north end of the Garden next the wall. Winter 2009 2nd The Fruticetum, for Shrubbery, and experimental fruit garden. 3rd The Arboretum, containing a collection of Trees comprising all that will grow in the open air in this climate and locality; a Pinetum for the pine family, a Querecetum for oaks, and Salicetum for willows. To strangers desirous of presenting museum objects or plants to the Garden from abroad, I here take leave to mention that its dispatching packages or parcels, the quickest mode of transit is always the best. The address should be To Henry Shaw Missouri Botanical Garden BRIEF HISTORIC NOTICE The public being freely admitted to the Gardens, under a few needful regulations, must naturally want to know something, about improvements, and the intentions of the projector in making these collections of plants & plantations, of trees & shrubs. It is with a view to satisfy such laudable curiosity, and to increase the interest with which the Gardens are visited that this Guide is now compiled. About the middle of the last century the spot that now forms the Botanical Garden at Tower Grove, was a fertile rolling prairie, & from its productiveness was early selected for cultivation by the inhabitants of the village of St. Louis—it was separated from the Commons by a fence running along what is now call’d Grand Avenue—and concessions or donations of land made by the Spanish Military Commanders to such heads of families as required them, of one or more arpents in width by forty deep running west & so cultivated in. Maize & Wheat, but more frequently left in Natural Grass, to cut for hay—the fence was kept up against animals feeding on Commons, until about 1780. A Gate was kept, near where the East Gate of Tower Grove Park now stands, on Grand Ave., by a concessioner, call’d Louis Denoyer who lived there until the year of the attack by Indians 1780, the place being call’d Barriére 4 Denoyer, Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin the concessions of land being so designated, as recorded in the old Livre terrien or Land Book. About the year 1830 Thos Jefferson Payne becoming the owner of some of the 40 arpen’lots, enclosed a portion of the west end & erected a small house in 1840 which Henry Shaw came into possession by purchase &by perfecting the title to the acquisitions of Payne & further purchases from the old French claimants—Payne had built stables for the keeping of blooded horses, and laid off a race tract, the centre of which was the grove, near which in 1849 Shaw (the writer) erected his house, with a tower &called it Tower Grove and from that date to the present time, he has been assiduously occupied in laying off avenues & planting trees. During his travel in Europe from 1840 1850, observing the great attention paid to public Parks & Gardens in England, France & Germany & the high esteem which these institutions are held by the people of those countries, he conceived the idea of founding a Missouri Botanical Garden—for which, the grounds, ample in extent, & in close vicinity to the future great city of the west were so appropriate, & the quality of the soil being that could be desired. The plan of the Garden was determined on, drains constructed, & the walls ieee the same commenced 855—a number of Bohemian ee were engaged & the soil of the Garden & Fruticetum (16 acres) trenched or turned over two feet deep—the substantial enclosures & entrances being finished, the Museum and Library was built in 1860, the books and herbarium for which were selected by our learned citizen Doct. Geo. Engelmann during his visit to Europe about that time. In 1870 the plants requiring more room than the original houses afforded, the Palm house was erected in a more central part of the Garden, which with the additional wings for mist stove & temperate houses affords accommodation to accumulative treasures of the vegetable kingdom, for which still further space being required a larger house with double walls & glass continued on page 12 11 continued from page 11 was constructed in 1882 and dedicated to Linnaeus by placing his bust on the entrance. That interesting division the Arboretum, was commenced in 1860 & planted from that time to the present—it contains a collection of all such trees as will grow in the open air in the climate of St. Louis—persevering attention been paid to the pineturn where will be found growing specimens of the Coniferae. The Querceturn includes such Oaks as have been found hardy—when the importance of timber trees is considered and the length of time requited for the full growth of the most usefull & desirable kinds these specimens will be most interesting to future planters of timber trees. Medicine, commerce, agriculture, horticulture, & many valuable branches of manufacture, will derive much benefit from the establishment & maintenance of a Botanical Garden at St. Louis—the climate being intermediate more species of plants can be cultivated than either north or south of this latitude—The Garden in its three divisions (comprising from 50 to 60 acres) from the first has been open to the public for daily admittance not only the grounds, but the plant houses & museum are open to visitors, the number of whom during the past twenty years had been near a million. GARDENS & BOTANIC GARDENS Gardening at the present day is divided into many branches. We have landscape gardening, teaching us hew to lay out our grounds to the best advantage, how to plant out woods and dispose of water, how to build our houses, and make our roads, walks, and fences, so that we may gain the worlds approval. We have vegetable gardening and market gardening, teaching us how an abundant supply of vegetables may be obtained at all seasons of the _ year. We have flower gardening in many a style and character—Florists Gardens, for sale of flowers, Nursery Gardens for sale of Plants and trees, and Botanic gardening. It is recorded of the first created of our race, that, to fully enjoy the 1 » Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin blessings of life, he was to dress and keep a garden; and his first pursuit was horticulture. The good gardener of those days was not only the first of men, but the most honored of mortals; and while he faithfully followed that ancient occupation, manifested the highest state of civilisation the world has ever seen. He conducted the first operations of that model of a goodly Garden, but when he ceased from his labours therein, happily bequeathed to prosperity, an enduring, an appreciative taste for the gentle art he loved so well. The legacy he left us has found claimants in all civilised communities and countries from that remote age until now. Gardening as an Art. To adopt the words of Christowell, There is nothing in the world half so beautiful as the gardeners work. What are jewellers, or watchmakers or ivory Carvers, or even painters, to compare with a genuine Gardener? The things that they handle are dead and artificial, and cannot know the treatment they receive. But our work is living and natural, and knows us, and adapts itself to follow our desires and pleasures. It has its own tempers, and moods of feeling, the same that we have; for every plant that lives is sensitive. Botany is that branch of Natural History which relates to the vegetable kingdom, not only the naming and classification of plants, but embracing all the phenomena of vegetable life in their widest extent; of the external forms of plants, and of their anatomical structure however minute; of the functions they perform, of their distribution over the globe at the present, and at former epochs, and of the uses to which they are subservient. 1st examines the plant at its earliest state of development, when it appears as a simple cell, and follows it thro’ all its stages of progress until it attains maturity. It takes a comprehensive view of all the plants which cover the earth, from the minutest lichen or moss, only visible by the aid of the microscope, to the most gigantic production of the tropics... Continued on the Garden’s 150th anniversary webpages at www.mobot.org. Winter 2009 Featured Plant of Merit™ Ornamental Kale Brassica oleracea ‘“Redbor’ This kale is grown primarily in cool spring or fall weather as an ornamental foliage plant, although it is edible (a new category in the Plants of Merit). Upright purple-red leaves feature curled/frilled edges and intense color. As fall temperatures drop, photo from Missouri Botanical Garden Plantfinder ere leaf color darkens and Redbor provides a rich backdrop to this container planting. intensifies. Prefers rich moist loam in full sun. Plants of Merit™ is a program of the Missouri Botanical Garden. Plants are selected by regional horticulture experts for outstanding qualities and dependable performance in the lower Midwest. View all current selections at www.plantsofmerit.org. Double Your Money Throughout 2009, the William T. Kemper Foundation—Commerce Bank, Trustee will match your donations to the Plants of Merit program, dollar for dollar up to $50,000. To participate, please contact the Institutional Advancement Office at (314) 577-9513. Over 335 Tons Recycled to Date! The Garden operates the most extensive gardening plastic recycling program in the nation: Plastic Pot Recycling. In 2008 there was a record tally: 150,000 pounds! This amount brings the total collection to over 335 tons of plastic garden pots, cell packs, and trays kept from landfills to date. With the help of over 75 volunteers, the plastic is granulated on-site into small chips that are easily transported for recycling. Retaining wall ties and timbers made from the plastic regrind are sold back to consumers for use in landscaping projects. Thanks to our sponsors: St. Louis — Jefferson Solid Waste Management District, Missouri Department of Natural Resources, Missouri Environmental Improvement and Energy Resource Authority, and California-based Monrovia Growers. Look for recycling to begin again next May. photo by Heather Marie Osborn TO DO IN YOUR GARDEN NOW... clip and save all month L) Brush off heavy snow, but allow ice to melt naturally from plants. Prune damaged limbs promptly to prevent bark from tearing. Avoid salt or ice melters as these may injure plants; instead use sand, bird seed, sawdust, or vermiculite to gain traction on icy paths. L) Keep records of your garden. Inventory the plants and note past performance. L) Check fruit trees for evidence of rodent injury to bark. Use baits or traps where necessary. 1) Avoid walking on frozen lawns as this may injure turf grasses. L) Some plants are sensitive to fluoride and chlorine in tap water. Water containers should stand overnight to allow these gases to dissipate and warm to room temperature. L) Wash the dust off of houseplant leaves to allow the leaves to gather light more efficiently. LU) Fluffy, white mealy bugs on houseplants are easily killed by touching them with a cotton swab of rubbing alcohol. L) Insecticidal soap sprays can be safely applied to most houseplants for the control of many insect pests. Q) Scrub heavily encrusted clay pots with a steel wool pad after they have soaked overnight in a solution consisting of 1 gallon of water and one cup each of white vinegar and bleach. weeks 1-2 L) Quarantine new plants to be sure they do not harbor any insect pests. QU) If you didn’t get your bulbs planted before the ground froze, plant them immediately in individual pots and place the pots in flats. Set them outside where it is cold and bury under thick blankets of leaves. Transplant them into the garden when weather permits. week 3 Q) Set Amaryllis plants in a bright sunny window to allow the leaves to develop fully. Remove spent flowers. Keep the soil moist, not soggy. Fertilize occasionally with a general purpose houseplant formulation. week 4 photo by Charles Schmidt “ all month L} Don’t work garden soils if they are wet. Squeeze a handful of soil to form a ball. If it is sticky, allow the soil to dry further. CL) Start onion seed indoors now. L) Inspect fruit trees for tent caterpillar egg masses. Eggs appear as dark brown or grey collars that encircle small twigs. Destroy by pruning or scratching off with your thumbnail. _) Water evergreens if the soil is dry and unfrozen. L) Take geranium cuttings now. UL) To avoid injury to lawns, keep foot traffic to a minimum when soils are wet or frozen. L) Repot any rootbound houseplants before vigorous growth occurs. Choose a new container that 1s only 1-2 inches larger in diameter. week 1 L) Try sprouting a test sample of leftover seeds before ordering new seeds for spring. (Roll up 10 seeds in a damp paper towel. Keep moist and warm. Check for germination in a week. If fewer than half sprout, order fresh seed.) * visit the William T. Kemper Center for Home Gardening. * call the Horticultural Answer Service, Monday through Friday, 9 a.m. to noon, at (314) 577-5143 * check out the Gardening section at www.mobot.org. Member Plant Societies Plant societies are the place to profess your horticultural devotion. Groups exist for fans of flowers from African violets to roses, and for specific garden types such as rock or water gardens. For the latest contact information on the Garden’s plant society partners, visit www.mobot.<¢ re/t ] Winter 2009 LU) Branches of pussy willow, quince, crabapple, forsythia, pear, and flowering cherry may be forced indoors. Place cut stems in a vase of water and change the water every four days. week 2 L) Start seeds of slow-growing annuals like ageratum, verbena, petunias, geraniums, coleus, impatiens, and salvia indoors. L} Maple sugaring time is here! Freezing nights and mild days make the sap flow. L) Fertilize houseplants only if they show signs of new growth. Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin week 3 L) Sow celery and celeriac seeds indoors now. L) Prune fruit trees. Peaches and nectarines should be pruned just before they bloom. When pruning diseased branches, sterilize tools with a germicide spray between cuts. Dry your tools and rub lightly with oil to prevent rusting. L) Sow seeds of larkspur, sweet peas, shirley poppies, and snapdragons outdoors. For best bloom, these plants must sprout and begin growth well before warm weather arrives. L) Apply appropriate sprays for the control of lawn weeds such as chickweed and dandelion. week 4 CL) Sow seeds of broccoli, brussels sprouts, cauliflower, and cabbage indoors for transplanting into the garden this spring. If soil conditions allow, take a chance sowing peas, lettuce, spinach, and radish. If the weather obliges, you will be rewarded with extra early harvests. L) Fertilize established fruit trees once frost leaves the ground. Use about % lb. of 12-12-12 per tree, per year of age, up to a maximum of 10 lbs. per tree. Broadcast fertilizers over the root zone staying at least a foot from the tree trunk. L) Dormant sprays can be applied to ornamental trees and shrubs on a mild day while temperatures are above freezing. Q) Start tuberous begonias indoors now. “Nonstop” varieties perform well in this climate. U) Encourage birds to nest in your yard by providing water and by putting up bird houses. Planting suitable shrubs, trees, vines, and evergreens will provide wild food sources and nesting habitat. 13 “So successful is the Wardian case that in 15 years’ use, we have imported six times as many plants to Kew as had been imported in the previous century!” — Sir William Jackson Hooker, director of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, 1841-1865 4e 4 Fobbows Grose The 180th Anniversary of the Invention of the Terrarium From the Latin terra, or earth, a terrarium is simply an enclosed container in which living plants are grown and observed. In 1829, London surgeon Dr. Nathaniel Bagshaw Ward accidentally created a garden in a jar. A natural history hobbyist, Dr. Ward wanted to see an adult sphinx moth hatch from a chrysalis. He buried the cocoon in damp soil in a glass jar and covered the jar with a metal lid. Some grass and a fern sprouted from the soil. The plants thrived in the jar without additional water and no influx of fresh air. Ward hired some larger glass-enclosed containers built and set about testing them; he published his successes. Wardian cases, as these planters were known, soon became features of stylish drawing rooms throughout Europe and the United States. In the polluted air of Victorian cities, the new cases made possible the craze for growing ferns and orchids that followed. Their development also opened up intercontinental plant trade, greatly aiding plant explorers and researchers, and thus contributing to the global selection of plant materials now available for the indoor gardener. Today, terrarlums remain an effective method for maintaining delicate plant species as well. www.mobot.org/plantfinder: Glenn Kopp Best Tropicals for Typical Terrariums Aglaonema Chinese evergreen 4 Chamaedorea elegans ‘Bella’ Dwarf parlor palm 2 Dracaena godseffiana Gold dust dracena 6 Philodendron Sweetheart plant E Pittosporum Japanese pittosporum Z ' Sansevieria trifasciata ‘Hahni’ — Snake plant S Scindapsus Pothos g Spathiphyllum Peace lily é Syngonium podophyllum Arrowhead vine ‘ é if 4 Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin Winter 2009 photo from MBG Archives Build a Terrarium Terrariums are easy to build—and make a fun indoor project for children on a winter’s day. Containers An excellent opportunity for recycling, terrariums can be built in almost any type of clear glass container, so long as it holds moisture and transmits light: canning jars, aquarium tanks, brandy snifters, old light EES, Cine Horne, JU dae comers: GdOcs NOt come warm a lids arsincce or clear plastic or glass makes a suitable cover. Soil The growing media must be clean, well drained, and high in organic matter. Potting soils sold at garden shops work well. Plants Choose plants with similar requirements for water, light, and temperature, and FnAtshibtnc sIZerom tic eontaiiciogk omtnc best tropicals for typical terrariums, see the list at left. Assembly Before adding materials, clean the container thoroughly with soap and water. ¢ Place a 1-inch layer of aquarium or pea gravel in the bottom. Top with a “2 inch layer of rinsed charcoal. Cover with sphagnum moss (or old nylon stockings) to prevent soil from sifting into the drainage area. Wardian Case boxes were used to pack plants for shipment from Australia to the Missouri Botanical Garden. ¢ Add 2 inches of potting soil. It should be slightly moist so that dust is not stirred up, but not so wet that Did you know? Terrariums can be used as it is muddy. a naturalistic environment for keeping small reptiles ¢ Place the plants, large plants first. When and amphibians, much like planting, try to keep foliage from an aquarium is used for touching the sides of the container, as keeping fish. This type of they will be more subject to rot. When meets ee is called a all of the plants are in, tamp the soil. weieege Keep the terrarium open a day or so until any water on the leaves dries. Maintenance Moisture is recycled in sealed terrariums, so they require only adequate light, temperature, and occasional misting. Mist the plants with distilled water (minerals in tap water can build up in the soil and leave residue). Condensation on the walls is normal, but if algae grows, leave the terrarium open for a day or two to allow extra moisture \ to evaporate. Place the terrarium in a bright location with indirect sunlight. Turn occasionally. Remove any dead plants and leaves. Prune back excessive growth. Fertilizer is generally not necessary. A successful terrarium will grow on its own for several years. 8 HD Winter 2009 ~~ Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin Plants Have the Power to Heal, but First We Must Preserve Them By Dr. Wendy Applequist, Assistant Curator of Medicinal Botany arden founder Henry Shaw believed that botanical gardens, in addition to providing recreational, educational, and aesthetic benefits, should expand and apply knowledge about the natural world. For 150 years, the Garden has maintained Shaw’s emphasis on research and conservation, especially the foundational work of discovering, classifying, and naming plants. It is the first step toward discovering new medicines. What’s in a name? Quite a lot, if you want to be certain you have the correct plant for a medicine or food, or determine if a species is endangered. For the 300,000 plant species estimated to exist, there are over 1.2 million names! This proliferation of names causes widespread confusion. Worse, it is estimated that tens of thousands of species remain without names, completely unknown to science. Without scientific documentation, plants are unlikely to be analyzed for medicinal or other useful properties, and they are unlikely to be included in conservation plans for the future, so are more susceptible to extinction. For most of human history, plants and a few fungi were the only medicines. People discovered medicinal plants just as they discovered edible and poisonous plants: by trial and error; that is, by tasting them to see what happened! Local medicine chests have been developed over centuries of use and experimentation. Plant-based medicines are often Look for this symbol on signs in the Climatron to indicate a medicinal plant. In summer 2009, look for these symbols outdoors as well. 1 6 Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin | Winter 2009 Learn more about medicinal plants " through the Power of Plants contest. Visit } ict the Garden's website for more details. * photo by Heather Marie Osborn G G wenty-five percent of our prescription medicines derive from plants. We must protect plant biodiversity to ensure the discovery of new medicines in the future.” —curator Dr. Wendy Applequist less potent than modern drugs, but studies prove many to have real value. However, a few are so toxic that they may do more harm than good. Because research facilities are limited, most locally used plants have never been studied at all. Over four billion people in developing countries rely on these traditional medicines. They often cannot be sure whether a medicine is safe or effective. Many modern drugs are derived from complex molecules in plants, fungi, and bacteria. Some are chemically altered to make them stronger. Sometimes, the drugs can be made synthetically. Drugs cannot be made before the natural compounds have been discovered, however. For many years, the Garden has provided plants for natural product discovery programs, which search for compounds that might become drugs. Medicinal plants are especially likely to contain useful molecules. For example, goat’s rue (Galega officinalis) is traditionally used for diabetes. The diabetes drug metformin was derived from a compound in goat’s rue. Other common drugs derived from plants include aspirin, codeine, and digitalis. Drugs allow more precise dosing than plants, so drugs made from poisonous plants (such as foxglove, the source of digitalis) are safer than using the plants themselves. Some useful botanical medicines cannot readily be made into drugs. Other plants contain molecules that only become useful as drugs. For example, cancer drugs like vincristine and topotecan come from plants that don’t cure cancer. We cannot know in advance which species could provide lifesaving drugs. It is estimated that half of the plant species in nature could be extinct by the end of the century. Whenever a species goes extinct, we might be losing a cure for cancer or AIDS. THE CLIMATRON MEDICINAL PLANT TOUR Visitors to the Climatron in winter can enjoy 85-degree temperatures and delightful humidity as they stroll through a Mepic CINAL PLANTs tropical rain forest. Now, they can also learn about the many medicinal applications of tropical plants as well! Tropical plants account for 160,000 of the earth’s estimated 300,000 species of plants, yet less than 2 percent have been tested for medical applications. Pick up a brochure at the entrance and learn about 13 plants that are now being studied because of their role in traditional medicine. Or visit the Garden’s website, www.mobot.org, to take the tour online. r: NeW inside u. | G Misso URI Boy J ANICAL G ARDEN | - | f Left: Banyan, Ficus benghalensis, bark lowers blood sugar and is used to treat diabetes. Winter 2009 Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin YOU CAN HELP Plants provide humankind with our most basic resources— food, fiber, medicine, and many other useful products. Your membership helps fund the Garden's conservation programs around the world. The Missouri Botanical Garden’s William L. Brown Center for Plant Genetic Resources is dedicated to the study, description, and conservation of useful plants— and to preserving traditional knowledge about these plants for a sustainable future. Learn more at www.wlbcenter.org. To support the Garden's medicinal botany program, call the Institutional Advancement office at (314) 577-9495, or visit www.mobot.org. Click on “donate.” 17 . ore a o-% tT . Instructors and SAGE program volunteers provide drop-in educational fun in the Doris I. Schnuck Children’s Garden. From Early Childhood fo Sassy Seniors. Educational Fun for All at the Garden As Jessica Kester, Supervisor of Youth and Family Programs, gives directions to her students for their morning Garden walk, one busy little five-year-old is not listening. “I won’t get lost,” he says. “I’ve been coming here all my life. The Garden is like m oeee ae Imagine pees up at the ad Botanical Garden 7 it Ive been coming here becomes as familiar as your own backyard! all my life. The Garden is like my yard.” It’s never too late to grow with the Garden. As you spend chilly winter evenings browsing seed catalogs and envisioning your home garden, take a moment to plan visits to the Missouri Botanical Garden in the coming year for yourself, your family, and friends. 18 Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin Winter 2009 photo by Jennifer Wolff photo by Jessica Kester Have a pre-schooler that loves being outdoors? Help them get to know the Garden through early childhood classes: Little Sprouts (ages 2-3) and Garden Buds (ages 4-5). Children and their grown-ups learn together about plants, animals, and habitats, and enjoy guided Garden walks together. Oaks and Acorns is designed especially for seniors and their favorite 6-12 year old to share a botanical project together. For summertime fun and adventure, check out Pitzman Nature Study and Camp MBG for children up to grade five. Does your family’s hectic schedule prevent you from committing to a class in advance? Then simply drop in on the third Saturday of each month for Great Green Adventures. Garden staff lead families 1n interactive, seasonal fun as you explore different areas of the Garden. The Doris I. Schnuck Children’s Garden is open every day from April 1 through October 31. Stop by to see how we've grown! Garden staff are stationed throughout the Children’s Garden to enhance your visit. Learn about edible plants, the power of pollination, the importance of trees, wetland wildlife, and more. Each visit promises a new experience! For high school students, the Garden offers enrichment with opportunities for leadership. If your teen needs service hours, consider the SAGE Program. These “Students as Garden Educators” help educate the youngest visitors to the Children’s Garden through fun nature activities. The Garden’s ECO-ACT program is a one-of-a-kind opportunity for St. Louis—area high school students to learn about ecology and environmental issues as they teach younger students. Participants also develop outdoor skills while caving, canoeing, and rock climbing. Want to expand your mind and skills and perhaps introduce yourself to something new? Here’s a chance, too, to make plans with a friend. From cooking, photography, and floral design to specialized gardening, landscape planning, and nature study, the Garden’s Adult Education classes have something for everyone. A participant in the Garden Kids program plants vegetable seeds and watches them grow. And for our senior citizens, especially those with limited abilities and resources, the Garden is a special place where you can reconnect with the natural world. Classes through our Horticulture for Health and Well-Being programs offer fun, therapeutic activities focused on plants and gardening. If you have extra energy and want to get your hands dirty, join the Soule Scent-sational Senior Group and gain hands-on horticultural knowledge as you assist staff in the Zimmerman Scented Garden from May through September. photo by Jennifer Smith 4 Two volunteers for the Soule Scent-sational Seniors program tend the Zimmerman Scented Garden. As seedlings in the Garden grow to saplings and mature into wise old oaks, the Garden offers programs and activities to nurture the minds and bodies of tots to teens to retirees. We invite you to enrich your life by making the Missourt Botanical Garden an extension of your own backyard! %© Get GROWING Look for your Get Growing catalog in mid-February featuring great learning opportunities at all Garden sites. To explore all the opportunities awaiting ewowromese™ - -yOu and your family, visit the Garden Mo online at www.mobot.org. Winter 2009 Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin 1 9 15193 Olikve Whycl., Clestentielel, IMO ©3017 (636) 530-0076 « Sige Ira eee The Butterfly House will be closed January 3-6 for annual Conservatory maintenance. Only AZA Butterfly House in the Nation In September, the Association of Zoos & Aquariums (AZA) announced its re-accreditation of the Sophia M. Sachs Butterfly House in Chesterfield through the year 2013. The Butterfly House is the only facility in the world dedicated entirely to insects and arachnids to achieve AZA accreditation. “The Butterfly House was granted AZA accreditation because it meets high standards in every aspect of its said AZA President and CEO Jim Maddy. “St. Louis should be proud to have one of the top zoos (the Butterfly House) in North America as a valuable community asset.” operations,” “We are honored to receive this important acclamation from the AZA,” said Butterfly House Director Joe Norton. “We are also proud of the fact that the Butterfly House offers a unique zoological experience learning about and observing plant and animal relationships in the environment, with a focus on the largest group of animals on the planet—the insects.” To be accredited by the AZA’s independent Accreditation Commission, the Butterfly House underwent a thorough investigation to ensure it has and will continue to meet ever-rising standards of animal care, veterinary programs, conservation, education, and safety. The AZA requires zoos and aquariums to successfully complete this rigorous accreditation process in order to be members of the Association. Institutions are required to resubmit to this process every five years. “Visiting the Butterfly House is more than a great day out with the family,” said Maddy. “It’s an opportunity to connect with nature. And, every visit you make to an accredited zoo or aquarium supports wildlife conservation.” ACCREDITED BY THE gr eS JARIUMSOL AQUARIUMS 2 0 Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin Que M. Sachs ee House, the only AZA- accredited butterfly house in the nation. Events and Classes Hot, Hot, Hot Saturday—Sunday, Jan. 24-25, 11 a.m. to 2 p.m. Shed your scarf, cast off your coat, and say goodbye to your gloves at the sixth annual “Hot, Hot, Hot” family fun weekend. Listen to live steel drum music, stroll inside the 85-degree tropical conservatory, build sandcastles in the toddler sandbox, and enjoy games and crafts sure to shake off winter’s chill. Included with Butterfly House admission. Camp Bugaloo Explore the seasons with a preschooler through favorite books and activities for ages two to four with a parent or guardian. Select one date per month. $18 per class ($16 for Garden members). Pre-registration required; (636) 530-0076, ext. 13. topic: Autumn | Friday, January 9, 10:30 a.m. to noon; Sunday, January 11, 12:30 to 2 p.m. topic: Winter | Friday, February 13, 10:30 a.m. to noon; Sunday, February 15, 12:30 to 2 p.m. Winter 2009 Updating Your TV? CENTER Do It Right! 2 EARTH Ways 3617 Grandel Square, St. Louis, MO 63108 Television 1S about to go digital. After phone (314) 577-0220 * www.earthwayscenter.org : ) February 17, 2009 if you don’t have cable and your television relies on antennas for Learn Green — Live Green sana you will pee to take acHOn: If er een you're one of the millions of Americans 500 million TVs. Recycle yours responsibly. expected to upgrade or update your TV, make sure you follow the best sustainable practices. Classes and Tours Considering buying a new television? Think before you just throw out your old Adult classes at the EarthWays Center one. TVs contain toxic materials, like lead, cadmium, and beryllium, that don’t cover the “how and why” of everyday belong in the landfill. While it might be legal to throw a TV in the trash, it’s sustainability in hands-on workshops. not an environmentally sound practice because toxic chemicals could leach into Upcoming classes range from backyard chickens to sustainability 101. Visit www.earthwayscenter.org to learn more. Take a tour of the EarthWays Center the If your older analog TV is in fine working order, consider buying a digital-to- third weekend of the month. Upcoming dates: January 17-18, February 21-22. groundwater. Consumer electronics are responsible for up to 40 percent of the lead found in landfills. analog converter box instead. Coupons for $40, about the cost of the converter, are available at www.dtv.gov. If you decide to purchase a new television, be sure to recycle your old one with a responsible recycler, for which there is typically a small fee. Electronics recyclers of dubious reputation may just export your old TV to a developing country where the environmental laws are less stringent. To find a responsible recycler near you, visit www.ecyclemo.org. If photo by Kevin Wo SHAW NATURE RESERVE Hwy. 100 & 44 (exit 253), Gray Summit, MO 63039 phone: (636) 451-3512 ¢ www.shawnature org Classes and Events Adult classes at the Shaw Nature Reserve feature horticulture, arts, and crafts in a beautiful natural setting. Hands-on workshops and discussion forums are led by resourceful staff, often featuring local experts as guest photo by Heather Marie Osborn presenters. Upcoming classes include basket- and soap-making, as well as family overnights. Brisk sunny days in winter allow excellent wildlife watching. Visit www.shawnature.org to learn more. Native Plant School Once a month on Thursdays throughout the Visit this ve inter lant ts di bl 1 lanti ' : : aie i oe a . ee ‘ amen The bare woods of winter murmur and tap with chickadees and 1dentification, and Maintenance of Native 5 8 7 : piniicdnd Dndecwsine A wea paar eee RoE woodpeckers, while the prairie rustles and chirps as the sparrows and juncos Garden members). Registration required; call scratch for seeds and flutter through the tall grass. This is a good time to (636) 451-3512, extension 0. observe hawks and is when owls are most likely to be active during the January 8 | Control and ID of Invasive Woody Plants day. The end of February brings the first woodland wildflowers, including February 12 | Native Landscape: Plan and Design the native harbinger-of-spring and naturalized Eurasian snowdrops. Winter 2009 — Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin Z 1 “All water has a perfect memory and is forever trying to get back to where it was.” — Toni Morrison Ze Water Best Practices Water is life. All living organisms are predominantly made of water: human beings about 60 percent and plants between 80 and 90 percent. There is the same amount of water on Earth today as there was 3 billion years ago, and only 1% of Earth’s water is available for human consumption. The population explosion of the 20th century, combined with the increasingly erratic weather associated with global climate change, has led to droughts, disasters, and shortages around the world. While St. Louisans currently do not have to worry about a water shortage, it is important to remember that water is a limited resource. Why not make a New Year’s resolution to conserve water now, so that you can help to avoid water shortages in the future? Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin Winter 2009 photo by Laszlo Ilyes Average St. Louis Household Water Use Cooking and Bathroom drinking 5% oN / sink 3% Dishwashing 6% (10-25 gallons per load) Laundry 14% (30-35 gallons per cycle) Toilet 40% (3-6 gallons each flush) Bath and shower 32% (20-40 gallons each shower) Information provided by City of St. Louis Water Division Good Water Stewardship The average citizen uses nearly 100 gallons of water a day, the majority in four areas of the home listed below. Challenge yourself to make one or two changes in each area. Bathroom 1. Use a low-flow toilet. If you have an old one, place a 2-liter bottle filled with gravel in the tank. 2. Flush only when necessary. Newer models have a “light flush” feature for liquids. 3. Install a low-flow shower head. 4. Buy a shower timer and use it. 5. Turn off the water when brushing your teeth. Kitchen 1. Install an aerator in the faucet. 2. Upgrade to an Energy Star dishwasher and run it only when full. 3. If washing dishes by hand, don’t keep the water running. Use a dishpan instead. 4. Compost food waste instead of running the garbage disposal. Laundry 1. Consider a new Energy Star washer—they use an average of 30 percent less water. 2. Washing only full loads can save up to 1,000 gallons of water a month. Outdoors 1. Plant native plants and shrubs which require less watering. 2. Use mulch in the garden and around shrubs and trees to save moisture. 3. Install a rainwater barrel for watering the garden. 4. Water slowly early in the morning to reduce evaporation. 5. Use a broom to clean sidewalks and driveways instead of a hose. 6. Consider installing a trendy new raingarden. These gardens capture rainfall so it doesn’t run off paved surfaces. Resources City of St. Louis Water Division | www.stlwater.com Water Use It Wisely | www.wateruseitwisely.com World Water Council | www.worldwatercouncil.org EarthWays Center | www.earthways.org Tour the Garden’s EarthWays Center to learn more about water saving strategies. Ditch the Bottled Water! Washington University in St. Louis recently banned bottled water sales on campus as part of a sustainability initiative. While costing dramatically more, most bottled water is just tap water. Worse, 90 percent of plastic bottles are not recycled and end up in landfills. Burning fossil fuels to ship heavy liquids around the country 1s wasteful when safe, healthy drinking water is close at hand. Not just safe—but delicious! A 2007 blind taste test by the U.S. Conference of Mayors ranked city of St. Louis drinking water the “best tasting in the country.” In honor of the Garden’s 150th anniversary, purchase a “green for 150 years” refillable steel bottle in the Garden Gate Shop. Bring it with you to the Garden, where you can refill it in any one of dozens of convenient drinking fountains. Stainless steel refillable bottles are the future. Winter 2009 Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin 7 3 | by Erin Whitson “ait? T rib Uu t es August through October 2008 A tribute gift to the Garden is a wonderful way to honor family and friends. Tributes of $25 and up are listed in the Bulletin. If you have questions regarding giving opportunities at the Garden, please call (314) 577-5118. You can also make a tribute gift online at our website, www.mobot.org. In Honor of Dr. William G. Albrecht Mrs. Charlotte Herw Luci and Lynn ae The Nurse’s Club Mr. William W. nas Mr. and Mrs. Walte: Stern . Christopher M. Cramer Mrs. Christopher M. Crame Mr. and Mrs. Richard T. Dalton Mr. and Mrs. Walter G. Stern Mr. Hubert T. Drury Mrs. Ruth B. Seldin Mrs. Myra Dubinsky Dr. and Mrs. Robert H. Friedman . L. B. Ecke ra Jr. e and Henry Dubinsk nd Mrs. Robert N. sate Mr. Elmer Esrock Mrs. Maxine L. Lew Mr. and Mrs. Robert reenberg Mr. and Mrs. Arthur E. Ansehl Mr. and Mrs. William F. Hayes Mr. and Mrs. Robert B. Rivas Ms. Janice Hobson Ms. Edna J. Woods Mr. Charles Hoffman Mr. Roland J. Wilki rs. Alta Hun Mrs. Sherry Peaslee Mrs. Ellen Jones Mrs. Lilly Abraham Ms. Jessica Kester The von Gontard Family Foundation Mr. Ralph F. Korte Mr.* and Mrs. S. Lee Kling Mr. Robert Kourik Mr. John W. Kourik 24 Mrs. Jane Luedde Chal Luedde Mr. Eugene J. Mackey III Mr. and Mrs. Richard C. Holton Mrs. John E. Mackey and Family Mrs. Chris McKinstry Dr. and Mrs. Harry Shealy Mr. and Mrs. Charles R Miller Ms. Shirley Potter Mr. and Mrs. Robert Millman Mr. and Mrs. James Degnan Missouri Botanical Garden Sreater St. Louis Daylily Society Mr. Bruno Neurauter Mr. and Mrs. Walter G. Stern Mr. Eli Nissenboim Ms. Mary E. Raves Mr. David T. Orthwein Mr. and Mrs. C. A. Case, Jr. Ms. Carol Perkins Mrs. Elizabeth Bakewell Mrs. Julie A. Rauh Mr. and Mrs. Ronald E. Rauh Alice Raven Mrs. Elizabeth Bakewell Dr. Peter Raven Campus Safety Health & Environmental Management Association Mr. Bobby D. Sanderson Mrs. Grace R. Brod Mrs. Nancy Sauerhoff Mrs. Lisa Portnoff Mrs. Katy Schmitt Mr. and Mrs. Ronald E. Rauh Mr. and Mrs. John Schroeter Sandra Zak and Mark Mowrey Dr. Anthony Shen Mr. John W. Kourik Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin Dr. and Mrs. William A. Sims, Jr r. and Mrs. jaan R. ee r. and Mrs. C. A e, Jr. r. Quintus L. Hae ie Jr. r. and Mrs. Jules L. Pass dM Mr. and Mrs. Walter G. Stern Mrs. Nancy Siwak Mrs. Sue E. G: Miss Riley Small Mr. and Mrs. Rick Halpern allop s b Springer The Greater St. Louis Daylily Society Noah H. Stern Mr. and Mrs. Rick Halpern Mr. and Mrs. Walter C. Stern Ms. Nancy Hughso Mrs. Margie Talcoff Dr. and Mrs. Robert H. Friedman Mr Mr. Mr. Herbert M. Talcoff Mrs. Virginia C. Wemhoener Ms. Jane A. Wemhoener Westwood Country Club Centennial Celebration Mrs. Nora R. Stern Mr. nas Mrs. Blanton J. Whi Mr. pa Mrs. oan Cook Mr. and Mrs. J. Edward Travis Bill, Maureen and Julie Whitmire Mrs. Eleanor Willibrand Dr. and Mrs. Joe E. Belew Mr. Don L. Wolfsberger Mr. and Mrs. Jules L. Pass si enda K. Zanola rs. J. F. Gan Mudd In Memory of Mrs. Peggy K. Abel Mrs. Roberta S. Dearing Mrs. eee Ferrara and len Lee Susan Barker Adamo The CPOP Sisters Mr. Gilbert Adkin Mr. and Mrs. ars Higgins ead . Eileen Alter r. and Mrs. ie Mrs. Nancy Appleton Mr. and Mrs. Duane Huff Ms. Mary C. Baker Mr. and Mrs. William Ulz Mr. Oscar Batres Mr. and Mrs. oes Markwort Mrs. Viv each Mr. and she ae Cousling Mrs. Connie Beaudrox asad ails Answering Serv Clifford acess ey ee Blat Dr. Edward F. Berg Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Smuckler Mrs. Alice Malene Bible Mr. and Mrs. John Lozier Winter 2009 Mrs. Donna Jean Bishop Rev. William D. Bishop, Sr. Mrs. Jea ee Bland Mrs. ae Bakew Mr. Sebastian oo Bono Mr. and Mrs. Milton Bloo Ms 1 tive Health Soliti Mrs. aes McCloskey Mr. and Mrs. Lewis aie Mr. and Mrs. John Taurins Mrs. eat R. uaa T om ee Merc B . Jam . Bowen Jenny and ia Jones Mrs. Margaret Brandle Mr. ad Mrs. Phillip M. Klasskin Mr. Dan B. Bufkin Mr. Christopher Chernisky Kathleen M. Kuerzi aa and Chris Prendergast Mrs. Mary Stephen Mr. Greg Yount Ms. Aileen Bunton Ms. Jackie Jur Mrs. Jane Bunz Ms. Carole A. Vohsen Mr. Donald F. Burnes Mrs. peeeas Boettcher Mrs. Mary Ellen Roedel Mrs. Marie Buscher Mr. and Mrs. Rob ace eulah Cange Mr. and Mrs. Eric R. Weidmann Mrs. Clarisse Chism Doug Krauss and Joe Freaney Ms. Cathe Christoe Mr. Alan D. Christoe Mr. and Mrs. Samuel M. Colburn M Ms. ee McElro Mr. and Mrs. Michael W. rai! Cherie . meee McElro Di ave ets Willer Mr. aa Mos. ae F. Willert Brother of Jolinda Cohen Jerry and yer . Geraldine E. Colm Mr. a Mrs. Richard J. ie The Honorable James E. arst, Sr. Mr. and Mrs. Richard D. Schreiber Mr. Henry “Bud” bo Mr. and Mrs. Fred Michaelis Mrs. Martha DeClue Mr. and Mrs. Fred M. Reichman Mr. Mark A. Dienstbach Ms. ae Juras Mr. Silas C. Dietz Dr. and Mrs. Paul Zopolsky Mr. Harold G. Duncan Ms. Kelly J. Fitzgerald Mrs. Marietta H. Eden Dr. and Mrs. George E. eee Joe and Nesta Ewan Dr. and Mrs. Leonard Thien ie . Fr seer FitzGibbons Bye s. Sharon ds sss an th Mrs. Edward H. Schwarz Mrs. Joan Joy Frelich Carolyn and Joseph Losos Dr. Neil Ignatius Gallagher Mr. and Mrs. Richard J. Buschart Mrs. Frieda alias Mrs. Marie A. Zucc s Ava Marie Geiss ne Helen B. Gro Mrs. Car olyn G Glassman wk Mr.* and Mrs. Bal aie Ms. Mary Peat Mr. and Mrs. Jerry Peters Leigh F. Pratter Mr. and Mrs. Henry S. Shaw Van and Tom Visconti and Kevin and Dawn Jones Mr. and Mrs. Dimitrios Roussopoulos Mrs. Lois Abrams Greenman Mr. and Mrs. John D. Fudemberg Mrs. S. Lee Kling and Family Mr. J. Gary Griffin Mr. and Mrs. John A. Burke Mrs. Margaret Blanke Grigg Mrs. Virginia C. Culver i G. Early I r and Mrs. ee : Tschudy Rabbi Jerome W. Grollman Mr. and Mrs. C. A. Case, Jr Mrs. Barbara Grossberg Ms. T Mrs. Jeanne E. Haack Mrs. Roberta S. Dearing . Carver iia Hall Mrs. —— Mrs. Francine N. Hallowell Ms. Ann T. Eggebrecht err Wiseman es and cob Alexander Hennies Bill — Sara Eckloff Mrs a ald Mr. Harold H Lucas Stefan Hennie Mr. and Mrs. M rt Mr. and Mrs. Robert J. Nickrent Mr. Frank Holdener IBM Mr. Lee Holifield Ms. Carol Weisman Mrs. Erna H. Holt Mr. and Mrs. cn Fulkerson Mr. and Mrs. George T. Johan had usan Buder Horan r. and Mrs. Elliot Benoist Mrs. Patricia H. Hoven Mr. and Mrs. Bill Jones Mrs. Eleanor Line Mrs. Karen A. Barthelette James and Bernice Kalish Mr. Robert W. Schaefer Daeseon Kang Kwang Soon Gene and Kim Levy Mr. Sylvester Keathly R Mr. and Mrs. rt E. Price Miss Bernice B. Kemper Ms. Ima J. Bot Mr. and Mrs. wala. Dillon Ms. Jerry Kennedy Mr. and Mrs. Rick Halpern Mr. S. Lee Kling n n Ellen and Henry Dubinsky Pamela Gomes Jill Goodman Melvin Leon Hall Mr. and Mrs. Robert R. Hermann pe Products, Inc. Mr. and Mrs. William W. Schramm r. and Mrs. Kenneth F. Teasdale Mr. Harold A. Tzinberg Ms. Nancy Vanier Mr. Dean Wil 1t | of Gas Appliance Service Wyman Center, Inc. Ms. Vivian Zwic Rosa wee Kourik jJ.W.K Frances June Kovash and Betsy, Delans, oe ae Ray Ms. Francine Spriesterbach Mr. Albert W. Lakebrink Mr. Robert Hamilton ugene Leonard George and Susan Solovic ward A. Limberg Leslie Limberg Mr. Wayne Luck Ms. Mary E. Long Sally A. Mahan Jack and Mary Loire Mr. Frank Mayfield Dav ] ae — Bradley . John G. Mayfield — Max Gold-Washington Office John and Mary Saxbur Jason and Chrissy Stough Mr. Timothy R. McCarthy Mr. and Mrs. Robert L. Compton me only V. Mei and Mrs. Bruce T. lene Mr. Corbin A. Messinger Ms. Frances E. — ndahl Mrs. Diane L Mrs. Donald Metzger Mrs. Anne Weidmann Mr. Ridgely William Meyer Mr. and Mrs. William J. Adcock Newell and Janine Baker Mike and Ann Lause Edda G hard Samuel and Deborah Oliver ary Riebeling Mr. and Mrs. Richard B. Rosenthal Lucy L. Ross The Stockell Family Scott Volding Mrs. . Michelsen Mrs. rene Barendregt Mr. J. David Miller Chuck and Linda Miller Ms. Linda Joy Montgomery Mrs. Kenneth H. Bitting, Jr. Mrs. Dorothy R. Moog . Skippy Dennis Mr. Raymond Moser Ms. Nancy Jane Morris Mr L. Tat Mike Murphey Mr. and Mrs. Glenn J. Markwort rs. Margaret A. Niebling Mrs. Marian R. Dean Mr. Thomas Currie Noel, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Robert E. Kresko Mr. and Mrs. Rolla K. Wetzel Mrs. Courtney Bean Obata b Anders, So & ore LLP ee Teasdale LLP Patricia R . Morton Bearman Mr. and Mrs. Patrick J. Behan, Jr. s. C. R. Belden Riess Construction Service Mrs. Adelaide Bittin: Mrs. Van-Lear Black III Drs. James and Nanci Bobrow Mr. and Mrs. Bob Brendle Mrs. Grace R. Bro Mr. and M Mrs. Brodhead, Jr. Mr. Mrs. J. one a Cure era n r. and Mrs. James T. Chamness Mr. and Mrs. James T. Chamness, Jr Mr. and Mrs. Anthony J. Chivetta Mr. and Mrs. Christopher Chivetta Mr. and Mrs. Charles E. Claggett, Jr. Mrs. John J. Cole Terry Spatz Cole Ann Kassabaum Corbett Andy, Susie, Jamie, and Chris Corley d William E. Cornelius eman ster : Mrs. Lucien R. Fouke, Jr. Mr. ie A. Frank .and Mrs. Warren J. Gelman Ms. Bunny Gerstenfeld Ms. Margaret P. Gillec Mr. and Mrs. is ohn L. Gils, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Tom Goulden Mr. and Mrs. ver K. Greenberg Mr. and Mrs. Robert Parks Grone Mrs. cae ae Hadley Hager Famil Je Mr. an rs. Hans Hecker Mr. R.H holz Mrs. Robe cy Hines Interests Limited Paces Mr riggs A. Hoffmann, Jr. Mrs. Richard C. Holton ork HOK on isles LLC Mr. and Mrs. James H. Howe III Husch Blackwell Sanders, LLP Mr. and Mrs. Delbert L. rb . rs. Michael J. Isserman Karen ee Ivory ee ca panies & C ompany ee s. Rita Z. Kozek r. and Mrs. Kenneth anebers and Mrs. Dennis G. La Ms. Sheryl L. ae Mr. Terry L Mrs. cane Wee Bar! E. Marti Miss oe P. May Mr. and Mrs. James S. McDonnell III Winter 2009 nd Mrs. Brian McGinnis n Mr. and Mrs. ne Symington, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Kenneth F. Teasdale The Spe fea of St. Louis Ms. Karen ine Hor Hetna ala a W. Drew, oni W. Kirby a ee Mn. = Weil, Financial on Mrs. George P. Whitelaw, Jr Ms. Signe Wilkinson r. and Mrs. W. Grant Williams II Mr. and Mrs. Don Wohltman Mr. and Mrs. Charles Wulfing Mr. and Mrs. Robert Zelle Mr. James Busch Orthwein Mr. Bert Condie III Ms. Clara H. von Gontard Dr. James L. Ottolini Barr and Mrs. eee B. Whiting Sue Panetti-Lee Mr. and Mrs. Dennis J. Panetti cott : eterso Linda and Jack Peterson be ies n J. Phillips and Mrs. James A. Willibrand Mr. Willis Piatt Deborah and Glenn Nothum Mrs. Patricia A. Potter Mr. Charles Scherr Mrs. Betty Jane Reid Mr. and Mrs. Bob Crites Miss Marian H. Reisch Dr. and Mrs. Robert L. Kaufman Mr. John Robert Rickhoff Mrs. Helen Kurtz Mrs. Elizabeth Mary Roche St. Martin of Tours Confraternity of Christian Mothers Mrs. Betty Roller Kellie and James Jouglard Mrs. miebint W. Rosebrough Mr. and Mrs. Jack Bushyhead M Mrs. H. Frederick Walz Mr. Frank J. Schlueter Mr. and Mrs. Glenn Nothum Mrs. Carol Schmid Mr. and Mrs. James M. Fiala Mr. Robert E. Schmidt Mr. and Mrs. Bill Jones Mr. and Mrs. Rob Williams Create a legacy By leaving a bequest to the Garden, you create a legacy that will benefit others for generations to come. If you have already included the Garden in your estate plans, we hope that you will share this information with us. We would like to express our gratitude and welcome you into the Heritage Society. Of course, your wishes for anonymity are respected. Please call (314) 577-9495 for further information, or visit our website at www.mobot.org. Click on Donate, then Planned Giving, Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin vA) photo by Heather Arora Mrs. Joanne G. Schwarz Ms. Clare L. Chapman Mr. and Mrs. Richard Mellow Mr. Howard J. Wilkinson, Jr. Mrs. Ned (Snookie) Scott Dr. and Mrs. Patrick J. Cavanaugh Ms. Dede Ber Mrs. Ruth Harms Skinner kewel Ms. Carol Irene Seligman erg r. Bertram _ Culver II Mr. Wiliam F Miss Mary Jae ere Mr. and M: Hampton III Mr. and Mrs. H. Howe III L Mr. and Mrs. James S. McDonnell III Mrs. James A ict tcalfe rk M. Verseman Mrs. Anne B. Wetze Mrs. Alice Lee Smith Ms. Chris York Mrs. Estalee Smith Ms. Carol A. Gruen Mr. Larry R. Smith Ms. Deb Antoine Mr. Ronald Willard Snowden Ms. Elaine E. Brazinski Mr. James O. Brown Mr. and Mrs. Theodore R. Prisbie Ms. Nadine Miyahara Mr. and Mrs. Thomas J. Scott Ms. Kristi Sebring Mary Eugenia Stoecker Ms. Ann Sullivan Mrs. Sandra Stoliar Mr. and Mrs. Bruce T Kaemmerlen Mrs. Susan Syrup Ms. Frances Alberty Ms. Elaine Azuma r. and Mrs. William A. Bennett ¢ Mr. and Mrs. Daniel P. Mohrman r. and Mrs. a ren aa The Robert J. nil The Robert Seah Family Mr. Robert R. Waites Mrs. Carol C. Welsch Dr. Patrick R. Wilson Mrs. Mary L. Taylor Mrs. Mariam Ritchie : Tho David and Sarah Craig Members’ Entry Court . Dwaine ea es Carolyn A. Pec Joseph “Bud” en Dr. Kevin L. Lawrence Mr. Russell H. Tice Mr. and Mrs. John C. Smith Mr. William G. Tipto Mr. and Mrs. Richard D. ‘ae Dr. and Mrs. Michael Rumelt e Travers Tom and Joan Neuner Mrs. ee Viscardi Mr. and Mrs. Glenn J. Markwort Mr. George W. Von Hoffmann, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Ralph F. Korte Mrs. Virginia H. Weber Miss Mary Jane Fredrickson na Niebruegge Weicker Tom and Michelle Blumenthal David and Denise Stutenkemr Mrs. Mary Edna C. Wenzel Ms. Jackie ae Tower Grove House ixonell Ce Mrs. Janeen J. Rei an Mrs. Herman Wenzel Mr. Thomas W. White Mrs. John C ae . Whiteman Mrs. Jerriann Blassie Mr. John R. Woods, Sr. Dr. and Mrs. Thomas H. Gootee Mrs. Rhoda Y Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Erman * deceased Bricks from August through October 2008. Engraved clay bricks and signature bronze bricks are a wonderful way to commemorate any special occasion, as well as final memorials. For additional information regarding the Garden’s brick program, please contact the Institutional Advancement Office at (314) 577-0874 or visit www.mobot.org. Signature Bronze Bricks Cathe Christoe Mr. and Mrs. Patrick McElroy Lucy McReynolds Tom McReynolds Friends and Family of Tom and Lucy McReynolds Frederick Lee Torizzo Mr. Carl J. Torizzo 26 Engraved Clay Bricks Cordelia Askins r. Steven J. Stroup Florence R. Hoberg Mrs. Karen Becker Barbara Mack James S. Missouri Botanical Garden Jim and Betty Massey r. and Mrs. James Massey David Joel May Ms. Jennifer A. Dew Ms. Amanda N. May Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin Laverne K. Nighswander Cherie Lewis Gayle Lewis Janis Nighswander Lori Pearson Angie Vasterling James Joseph Nyberg Ms. Ann T. Eggebrecht Warren Bert Sargent Mr. and Mrs. Robert A. Samuels Steven Suess, Principal Mr. and Mrs. Steven C. Suess Marie Soell Taylor Ms. Sandy Stringer John D. Tyler Mr. Thomas A. Tyler Winter 2009 | Sophia M. Sachs Butterfly House Tributes & Pavers To learn more about these opportunities, call (314) 577-0291 or www.butterflyhouse.org. Tributes and Pavers dedicated at the Sophia M. Sachs Butterfly House in August through October 2008 Tributes Pavers Don Counts Mrs. June C. Bartley In Honor of Ms. Marci Eisen Ms. Helen Van Derhyden Heather and Greg Grant Mrs. Sandra S. Grant Ms. Betty Manlin Ms. ae Juras Jane O. Risk and Richard T. ae HDs Nuibin! Leesan Mr. Robert B. Mr. and Mrs. HEREC, Talcoff 2 Dave Stauffer Sg We BEER Mr. and Mrs. Kenneth Knight Butterfly House : Mr. William B. Wind S. John Bono Ms. Judy Bratkowski In Memory of ap Sidney J. Franklin and Mrs. Jules a Snitzer Mrs. Mildred eee Mr. Kent W. Kre Ms. Genevieve T. Rush Ms. Barbara Whiteside Nothing beats coming to the Garden to shop! But now on those cold winter days and nights when you just want to stay indoors, you can . 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Listen to intriguing stories about orchid lore and history, and learn how to care for your own plants, with the free audio-commentary. POSTMASTER: Please send address changes to Bulletin, Missouri Botanical Garden, P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, MO 63166-0299 q MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN PERIODICALS | G puldress Denice Requested P.O. Box 299 + St. Louis, MO 63166-0299 POSTAGE PAID AT Check if appropriate: ST. LOUIS, MO My name is misspelled OQ My address is incorrect CY I received more than one copy CIT no longer wish to receive the Bulletin Q) Send me the online version instead. Please clip this address panel and mail it to us, noting your request or simply send an e-mail to membership@mobot.org. Worried about highway construction? The Garden is... For latest directions, visit www.mobot.org. ulletin www.mobot.org pring 2009 “Voll photo by Kristi Foster President’s Comment < Spring blows into town March 20, and with it, the promise of renewal. After winter must come spring. The cycles of nature can give comfort to us all during these turbulent times. We mourn the passing of a decades-long trustee, Hal Wuertenbaecher, Jr. At the same time, we welcome and thank our new trustee, Rosalyn Kling; our new members’ board officers; and our inspiring donors (see page 5). The Garden’s 150th anniversary celebrations are enlivening Garden grounds. We are ready to debut a new entrance drive, a new floral clock, and thousands of bulbs in bloom. The Eco Expo kicks off April 18-19 and a phenomenal Green Gala will be held May 30, with our guest of honor Dr. Steve Hopper, the director of the Royal Botanic Gardens—Kew. In the 1850s, Henry Shaw corresponded with Sir Jackson Hooker, then director of Kew, when he set about designing his St. Louis botanical garden, so it is only fitting to have their director take part in this year’s celebrations. Not to mention, Kew is celebrating their 250th anniversary this very same year! How Henry Shaw might be surprised to see how we’ve grown. The Garden now encompasses locations beyond our walls. The Sophia M. Sachs Butterfly House, with their guaranteed crowd-pleaser this spring, March Morpho Mania. The Shaw Nature Reserve, with their spring wildflower sale in May. The EarthWays Center, which was demonstrating the benefits of sustainable living, long before it was mainstream. May Shaw’s spirit of foresight and enterprise guide us as we strive to make the most sustainable choices for people, plants, and the planet—and to meet the challenges of global climate change in the era to come. Ptr ¥. Reser, Dr. Peter H. Raven, President Lh Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin To discover and share knowledge about plants and their environment, in order to preserve and enrich life. — mission of the Missouri Botanical Garden Board of Trustees Officers Chair Mr. Nicholas L. Reding Vice Chair Carolyn W. Losos President Dr. Peter H. Raven mber! Mr. =. Waker F. Ballinger II Eval Mr. Barrett Toan Ex Officio Rev. Dene Biondi, Wayne Smit Mr. Richard T. Sullivan, Jr. Dr. Mark S. Wrighton Members Emer: r. Clarence c mene n Fox Mr. mete rt R. Hermann Spring 2009 Mr. Edward D. Higgins W. < A 5 @) me Ee is a er a ial Mrs. Rona H. Wittcoff need Trustees rner Greuter D IDE. aA Sehgal Members’ Board Mrs. David ace President € Mrs. Daniel Herren Mrs. James F. Hoffmeister rs. James E. Hullverson Y. Jones s. Steve McMillan Ms. Isabelle C. Morris Naunheim rs. ech I, Ru witch ald R Mrs. Eric R. Weidmann Botanical den Subdistrict of he Metropolitan Zoological Park and Museum District Antoinette Baile Walter G. Stern Charles A. Stewart, Jr. Marjorie M. Wei Roy Jerome liens Siz Hillary B. Zimmerman p a fee 1 voting advisory members: James H. Yemm What’s Inside... Departments Prony the President - > > A little sprout has a close encounter with nature inside the Temperate House. The Garden offers summer programs for preschool and school-age children, as well as adults. Children’s Garden Season Opener Wednesday, April 1 through Sunday, April 5, 9 a.m. to 4 p.m. The Doris I. Schnuck Children’s Garden: A Missouri Adventure opens for its fourth season! Join us for the five-day kick-off event. You're invited to become a plant detective, explore the Germination Stations, learn about plants we eat, and make a seed packet to take home. See just how fun nature can be! Opening festivities sponsored by Macy’s. Great Green Adventures Third Saturday of the month, March through October, 10:30 a.m. or 1:30 p.m. Join us for these drop-in programs on the third Saturday of each month as we explore special features on the Garden grounds. Each month focuses on a different theme. In March, it’s “Signs of Spring.” Meet at the Children’s Garden Ticket Fort for your hour-long adventure. Recommended for ages 6-12 years with an adult. $3 (free for Garden members). For more information, visit www.mobot.org/finn. Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin 18 photo by Jessica Kester Summertime... and the learning is easy! Children of all ages can spend time outdoors, meet new friends, and have fun as they explore the natural world this summer at the Garden and our family of attractions. Learn about botany, ecology, and conservation at the Garden. Discover the planet’s many insects at the Sophia M. Sachs Butterfly House. Become a “green” expert at the EarthWays Center, and enjoy nature outings at the Shaw Nature Reserve. ¢ Enrich your pre-kindergarten child with programs like Summer Little Sprouts or Pitzman Nature Study. Choose from themed programs on topics ranging from wiggly worms to perfect ponds. For school-age children, five new multi- day Camp MBG sessions foster learning about plants and ecosystems, from “Gotta Grow” to “Extreme Botany!” ¢ At the Butterfly House in Chesterfield, preschool kids can explore Camp Bugaloo “Nature’s Recycled Alphabet.” School-age children, along with their parent or guardian, can investigate insects that swim, jump, dig, and fly in BUZZ: Lifestyles of the Six-Legged and Backyard Science. * Grow “green” with summer camps at the EarthWays Center in mid-town St. Louis. Camp EarthWays: Green Builders offers options for young as well as advanced green builders. ¢ The 2,400-acre Shaw Nature Reserve in Gray Summit is an ideal setting for exploring the outdoors through Pitzman Nature Study classes for children ages four to six. For more information, visit www.mobot.org or check out your course catalog. ot Your Copy? Get Growing catalogs were mailed to members in January. Garden members enjoy early enrollment and program discounts. For more information or to enroll, visit www.mobot.org/education or call (314) 577-9506. cas Gat00% we mysouns Borantets & Spring 2009 photo by Mark Deering View of El Bosque Nuevo butterfly farm and habitat reserve in Costa Rica by Mark Deering, Curator of Butterflies Most tropical butterflies live an average of only 2 to 6 weeks as adults, so the Sophia M. Sachs Butterfly House must regularly restock the tropical conservatory. Where do these butterflies come from? How are they faring in the wild when so much of their habitat is being destroyed in the tropics? How do butterfly farms impact the environment? Conservation is an essential element of the Butterfly House mission and operation, and it guides our choices on how living specimens are obtained. Reproduction of large numbers of tropical butterflies in the U.S. is restricted by the USDA, so all Butterfly House butterflies must be imported. Income from ticket sales, education programs, private events, and the Madame Butterfly Gift Shop are utilized to purchase these fragile insects. El Bosque Nuevo, or “the New Forest,” of Costa Rica is a primary supplier. EBN raises and ships hundreds of thousands of butterfly chrysalides each year. Once the adults emerge from their chrysalides at our site, they are released into our tropical conservatory. EBN is not just a purveyor of farmed butterflies; it is also a conservation organization. Compared to typical farming, EBN’s sustainable methods greatly reduce the impact on native butterfly habitats. EBN also utilizes every penny of profit to purchase additional land to be set aside in a protected reserve, with a goal of 10,000 protected hectares (or 24,700 acres). Costa Rican school children regularly visit the farm to learn more about the project. The Butterfly House was the first butterfly client for EBN and has helped promote their project, providing technical operations support as they grow. The Butterfly House is also part of the Butterfly Conservation Initiative (BFCI), a coalition of facilities dedicated to the conservation of threatened and endangered North American butterflies and their habitats, which has been instrumental in recovery programs for the Karner blue, Miami blue, Oregon silverspot, and many other butterflies here in the United States. Spring 2009 15193 Olive Blvd., Chesterfield, MO 63017 (636) 530-0076 * www.butterflyhouse.org March Morpho Mania™ This March, visitors to the Butterfly House receive a treat when over 1,000 big, blue morphos take flight. All month long, hundreds of butterflies will be released on weekends inside the tropical conservatory. Saturday releases at 11 a.m. and 2 p.m., Sundays at 2 p.m. Don’t miss this dramatic sight! Sponsored by Novus International, Inc. Special for members... On Wednesday, March 11, at 11 a.m., the Butterfly House welcomes Garden members for a special morpho presentation, release, and talk about the conservation butterfly farms where these beauties are raised in Costa Rica. Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin 1 9 SHAW NATURE RESERVE Hwy. 100 & 44 (exit 253), Gray Summit, MO 63039 phone: (636) 451-3512 ¢ www.shawnature org Members’ Day Friday, April 24, 9 a.m. to noon Meet at the Bascom House for a one-hour walking tour of the Whitmire Wildflower Garden, with refreshments at the carriage house, followed by a presentation on native plants. photo by Ken Gilberg Spring Wildflower Sale Saturday, May 9, 9 a.m. to 4 p.m. The widest selection of native plants available in the metro St. Louis area! Browse hundreds of varieties of annual and perennial wildflowers, ferns, trees, and shrubs to use in sun or shade home landscaping, including many varieties that attract birds and butterflies. Members’ Preview Sale: Friday, May 8, 4 to 7:30 p.m. 2 0 Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin photo by Susan Flowers x e = el Students conduct chemical tests on Wolf Run Lake at the Shaw Nature Reserve. Making Natural Connections at Shaw Nature Reserve by Lydia Toth, Senior Education Manager Will the next generation produce enough plant educators, botanists, plant scientists, and environmental scientists to sustain our society? A new program at the Shaw Nature Reserve works to foster connections to the natural world that might spark an environmental vocation. The Shaw Institute for Field Training, or SIFT, immerses high-school students in the actual elements of biology research. The program, funded through a five-year grant from the National Science Foundation, is a partnership between Washington University’s Tyson Research Center and the Shaw Nature Reserve. Starting last summer, 45 students from 28 area high schools participated in an intensive five-day program at Shaw Nature Reserve. These high-school juniors studied Missouri ecology and performed actual field research. Students worked in collaborative groups exploring the Reserve with maps, compasses, and GPS units. One of the highlights of the week was an overnight at the Dana Brown Overnight Center, during which five graduate student scientists from Tyson Research Center joined the group for dinner. The field scientists talked with the SIFT students about their various research projects and answered students’ questions about the paths that led them to careers in environmental biology. “There is so much more to this field than I imagined,” one student remarked. “T can work outdoors and in the lab...two things that I really love!” During the fall term, students worked side-by-side with scientists, collecting seeds at Shaw Nature Reserve, monitoring stream quality, planting trees in Forest Park, and studying the effects of invasive plant species on animal populations at Busch Conservation Area. A select group of this year’s SIFT students will be offered Tyson Environmental Research Fellowships this summer. These students will spend four weeks in the field with researchers working on long-term experiments related to biodiversity, conservation, and habitat restoration. The teens will continue to work with project scientists during the school year, analyzing the results from their field studies and presenting their findings. “We are thrilled to be able to offer this unique opportunity to high school students,” says Susan Flowers, project director. As one group of students moves on to fellowships, another cadre of SIFT will begin. Interested students should contact Lydia Toth at the Shaw Nature Reserve at (636) 451-3512 ext. 6006. Spring 2009 by Jean Ponzi, Green Resources Manager With the greening of mainstream America, many people feel we should invest in renewable energy. Missourians resoundingly passed the Missouri Clean Energy Initiative (Proposition C) on last fall’s ballot. However, Prop C is subject to a year of Public Service Commission rulemaking. In the meantime, what’s a concerned consumer to do? Luckily, there are a variety of incentives available to area homeowners this year to help you go green—and save green—with energy-efficient systems and appliances. Incentive 1: Sales-tax holiday. During the week of Earth Day this year, April 19-25, the state of Missouri will waive state sales tax on ENERGY STAR-qualified appliances (up to a sticker price of $1,500 per appliance). This includes all major kitchen and laundry appliances, water heaters, air conditioners, and furnaces. And, since ENERGY STAR- qualified appliances can be up to 50 percent more efficient than conventional models, you will save even more money with lower energy bills in the future. Incentive 2: Tax deduction. Missourians can claim a new state tax deduction to offset the costs of a state-certified home energy audit and implementing recommended efficiency measures. Audits and improvements conducted through Home Performance with ENERGY STAR, a program regionally coordinated by the Garden’s EarthWays Center, qualify for the deduction—and if you put the findings into practice, you’ll save even more in efficiency. Incentive 3: Rebates. The Illinois Renewable Energy Resources Program offers rebates of up to 30 percent of residential solar power system costs, with a maximum award of $10,000. Administered by the Illinois Department of Commerce and Economic Opportunity, the program applies to homeowners, businesses, and public buildings. CENTER 3617 Grandel Square, St. Louis, MO 63108 phone (314) 577-0220 * www.earthwayscenter.org Learn Green — Live Green photo by Dale Dufer Solar panels power the EarthWays Center’s kitchen appliances and outdoor lighting. In addition, the federal financial package, or Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008, provides tax credits for residential installation of solar and wind power systems, geothermal heat pumps, and certain types of biomass-fuel stoves and water heaters, and for buying plug-in electric cars and light trucks. The measure extends existing energy-efficiency tax credits for both home improvements and new homes through 2009. Making buildings energy efficient makes sound fiscal and environmental sense, even more so in these tight economic times. Incentives help make these efforts possible. Protecting our economic and environmental future through energy conservation should be a priority. ® Alliance to Save Energy WWw.ase.or: Resources for more information on U.S., state, and local energy incentives Www.ases.org, For updated incentive program listings ; a for Renewable Ener and links visit www.earthwayscenter.org. bY www.dsireusa.org ® American Solar Energy Society ® Home Performance with ENERGY STAR ® Directory of State Incentives ® Local utility rebates ® Illinois DCEO www.com www.lacledegas.com merce.state.il.us www.actonenergy.com ‘S) Ye ® Missouri Department www.earthwayscenter.org/ of Natural Resources homeperformance Energy Center www.dnr.mo.gov/energy Spring 2009 Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin 7 1 sass : oe ot ee on a Se Tour S Tuesday through Saturday, 10 a.m. to 4 p.m., haw’s Home Sunday 1 to 4 p.m., closed Monday. Open annually April through December Take a step back into time at Tower Grove House, Henry Shaw’s country home. View artifacts and furniture that belonged to Shaw. The Garden has grown over the last 150 years. Come see where it all began! op Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin Travels with July 16, 1840. Took passage on board the fine Lake Steamer Great Western—distance to Buffalo computed at 1200 miles. From the novelty found Lake traveling quite agereable—the coolness of the air and purity and clearness of the water quietly contrasts to that of the Mississippi. July 17, 1840. Had an interesting view of the Manitou and other islands at head of Lake Michigan—all as well as the main shore appeared uninhabited—except the west side—we have pass’d several little towns in the territory called Wisconsin. July 18, 1840. One o'clock this morning came to at the island of Michilimackinac—being a clear moonlight, went on shore—intended to have left the boat and run around a couple of days, but found the accomdations for travelers very indifferent—found a number of Indians encamped—they had arrived the day before in their bark canoes—the place has much the appearance of a Canadian village—the fort is on a commanding position above the town— the place is celebrated for the purity of its climate—and tho in the midst of summer found a great coat very comfortable—at half past two in the morning observed a brightening in the sky in our direction— which took first for the Aurora Borealis— but this brilliancy increasing found it to be in the East and to be “Aurora goddess of the morn.” July 19, 1840. Sail’d thro the wide waters of Lake Huron—and at ten o’clock this morning arrived at the city of Detroit— being Sunday morning found the people at church—went in for a few minutes to the Presbyterian—and then to the Catholic church—they were singing the anthem the female voices were pleasing and unaffected—there are a number of painting—the most conspicuous next to the alter piece (a holy family) is a robust atic tiesOtsteleetet——lastlyescaladeitnatetine Episcopal church—where everything appeared to be in perfect order—and a most respectable congregation—left at Detroit in the evening and passed down Spring 2009 continued from page 7 the river St. Clair the banks of which are with cottages and orchids—to Lake Erie. July 20, 1840. Before rising from our confined births have landed at the pier at the port of Cleaveland [sic] in Oh1o—a bustling place of trade—and a great deal of the mock magnificient in their recently erected houses and hotels—a heavy swell in the lake this evening which made the upper cabins of the Great Western roll dreadfully. July 21, 1840. At two o’clock this morning came to the termination of our lake voyage by arriving at the flourishing port of Buftaloe [sic]|—so increased as scarcely to be recognized as the Buffaloe of 15 years ago—and evidences of a more extensive commerce than has yet observed at any place since leaving St. Louis—the American Hotel a magnificent building and others of much magnificence and splendor. Buffaloe is indebted to the enterprise of a forger on a scale of erandeur on a par with this building—is now in the Penitentairry—and name of will long remain a terror to evil doers—came by stage to Battavia and thence by Rail Road to Rochester where I arrived in a thunder storm and at last have the pleasure of joining my dear old parents—an obligation that I have had on my mind so many years and very thankfull to find them in good health and to a good providence that has once more restored them to me—my sisters also in appearance much better than from previous ill health had any expectation of finding—am much pleased with their neat comfortable little dwelling—which I have facetiously named “Economy Hall”—also with their little circle of friends to whom there appears to be a tried and sincere attachment. July 22 and 23. Spent with my family at Rochester. To be continued... To follow Henry on his travels, visit www.mobot.org and click on “Travels with Henry.” photo by Heather Marie Osborn T Yl b Uu t ES November through December 2008 A tribute gift to the Garden is a wonderful way to honor family and friends. Tributes of $25 and up are listed in the Bulletin. If you have questions regarding giving opportunities at the Garden, please call (314) 577-5118. You can also make a tribute gift online at our website, www.mobot.org. In Honor of Ms. Valeria Bartlett Mrs. Kristin Sobot Mr. Robert J. Baudendistel Mr. and Mrs. Stephen Lage Mrs. Carol C. ee Mrs. Audrey W Mr. and Mrs. Joe ommarito Mr. and Mrs. Stephen Reynolds Mrs. David Boxer Mr. and Mrs. Walter G. Stern Ms. Nancy Burke Mr. and Mrs. Walter G. Stern Mr. Gregory J. Cadice Drs. Glen and Leslie Holt ee] sae pee B. Cady Mr. and Mie Fish Bee ll Mrs. Morris B. — Martha and Jim Lea Mr. Eric Corrao Mr. and Mrs. John Corrao Ms. Christine Cunningham- Saylor Site Improvement Association r. Jason A. Delaney Drs. Glen and Leslie Holt Ellen and Henry Dubinsky Mr. and Mrs. Robert W. Meyers Mr. and Mrs. Walter G. Stern Dr. Scott Eidelman and r. Catalina Eidelman Mrs. Elinor S. Eidelman Mrs. Jane Eiseman Mr. and Mrs. Walter G. Stern Ms. Mary Ellis Brande Ellis Sally and ee FelDotto Your St. Peter Fri Mr. Adrain A. Fisher Mr. eae Clark Mr. Kenneth Fletcher Ms. Joyce Barnes Dr. and Mrs. G. David Forney, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. John F. McDonnell June and Charles oe Ms. i Hantma Chris eauee Mr. as M. Gergel Mr. and Mrs. David Hicks Mr. Bill Glassman Mr. and Mrs. William Stern Mr. William ae Gray Joe and Ginny K Mr. and Mrs. Greenberg Dr. and Mrs. Robert H. Friedman Mr. Gregory W. Hall Mrs. H. Carter Robert Mr. and Mrs. James I. Hayashi Mrs. nr Berra Rob and Lori Hermanson Mr. and Mrs. J. A. Williamson Mr. H. James Hoeferlin Mr. Derek neers and Dr. Caron Hoeferlin Mr. Greg Holthouse Mr. and Mrs. Ter Charles Hooker and Patricia Rummel Mr. and Mrs. William Wolff Ms. Evelyn Hunt Drs. Glen and Leslie Holt ty R. Carmack Kirsten meine and arles P Mr. and Mrs. een Smith, Sr. Ron and Ann Jones Mr. and Mrs. Philip O. Kechele Mrs. Esther Kat Mr. Todd Barancik Mrs. Helene B. Keller Mr. and Mrs. Walter G. Stern i agus . and Mrs. mee Buchheit Janet and David Lange Mr. and Mrs. Larry Akman Carolyn Dr. and Mrs. meats M. Rifkin Mr. and Mrs. Eugene J. k II ackey Mr. and Mrs. John B. Biggs, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. John K. Engler Mrs. Mary C. Fort Mr. and Mrs. James S. MeDo nnell II Mr. and Mrs. Walter G. Stern Mrs. Priscilla B. McDonnell Mr. and Mrs. John F. McDonnell Missouri Botanical Garden a Drs. Glen and Leslie Holt Missouri Botanical Garden 150th Anniversary Rev. and Mrs. Bruce M. Hartung : Mrs. Rick Moll John, Gwen and Brian Crafton Mrs. Marlene Moore Mrs. Joan E. Gingerich i im Noonan Linda and Stephen Lage Mrs. Audrey W. Ott Mr. and Mrs. Mahlon B. eae Ill Mr. and Mrs. Jules Pass Mr. and Mrs. Walter G. Stern Mr. and Mrs. Keith Pelot Mr. ee Mrs. Baldev Kh ee Marilyn Pow and Mrs. Ronald ae Mr. and Mrs. Richard G. Ressler Mr. and Mrs. Jon Ressler Mr. and Mrs. Jerry E. Ritter Mr. and oe James G. Berges Ryan Robinson Roni Fields Mr. and Mrs. Andrew Rothschild Mrs. Sidney I. Rothschild, Jr. Mr. Todd R. Schnuck Mrs. Barbara Cadwallader Susan Littman Schulte Dr. Katherine Kreusser Young M Mrs Walter G. Stern Mr. and Mrs. Reve Mr. and Mrs. James S. wencceal Ill Mr. and Mrs. Harold M. Stuhl, Sr. Mr. and Mrs. James E. Welzbacher Mr. Ron Stevens Ms. Jackie Juras Mr. Robert G. Stolz Mr. and Mrs. ee F. Glaub Mr. and Mrs. Harold uhl, Sr. Mr. and Mrs. Walter G. Stern Lis Tom Suntrup Linda and Stephen Lage Mr. Rick Telman Ms. Maria Eberle Mr. and Mrs. John K. Wallace, Jr. Mrs. Audrey W. Otto Mr. and Mrs. Thomas F. Waltz III Mr. and Mrs. W. H. Macon Mr. and Mrs. David Q. Wells, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Richard Cheek Spring 2009 Mr. and Mrs. Tom Feiner Mr. Ralph W. Kalish and Ms. Eleanor L. Withers Mrs. Margaret S. Whitmire Ms. Catherine S. Whitmire Ms. Stayce Zimbelman Mr. and Mrs. Sandy Buchheit In Memory of ede . Peggy K. Abel Dr. Grace Bergner Abrams Mr. and Mrs. Barry Krantz Agnes ester Adams Ms. Vivian Farr Ms. Mary Ann Alexander Michael Marcely and Family rs. Mildred Baer Mrs. Elaine K. Azuma Mr. Alex Berger, Jr. Judy Presberg and Family Mrs. Hilda S. Bergmann Dr. and Mrs. William F. Sill rs. Marjorie Blanke Miss Mary Jane Fredrickson Mr. Sebastian John Bono Marilyn and Bill Grone Mr. Jam Bow Mr. and Mrs. aes aiid r. and Mrs. Bernard Reinert Mrs. Helen Louise Brennan Mr. and Mrs. Marc L. Vor Mrs. Alice Hannah Brown Mrs. A. Marbro Rush-Osborn Ms. Kristin Summerwill Mr. Elbert Stegall Brown d Mrs. Charles P. Reay Barry atic: Brunsden Mr. Benedict G. Janson r. Roger W. Bucknell Dr. and Mrs. Joseph Feder Mr. Dan B. Bufkin Dr. Ralph Olliges, Jr. Mrs. Peggy Jo chee Canull Mrs. Patricia L. Adam r. Kevin P. —, Mrs. Lillian Checkett Jon and Denise Beusen Adelaide Cherbonnier Anonymous Mr. Glen W. Christian Nancy Welton and George Lisle David Jon Cook Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Farina . Mary Anne Cordes ae Sie Risk Mr. and Teri Bicone and Mary ee Miss Sheelah Cabre Mr. and Mrs. ae F. Carpenter Ms. Cheryl Davis and s. Tammie Woodyard Ms. arn Fallon .and Mrs. William B. Frailey Mr. and Mrs. Ron Skaggs Mr. and Mrs. Ronald Szweda Mr. and Mrs. Richard Tabor Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin Mr. and Mrs. Jeffrey Wright Mr. and Mrs. Kirk Zoellner James and Ruth Corrigan Mrs. Julia Corrigan Mitchell Mr. James Caldwell rowdus II Mrs. Patricia H. Moore anh W. Czebrinski ’. Presto Dr. Phillip Dawkins Dr. and Mrs. Thomas H. Gootee Dr. Robert David Deufel Mr. and Mrs. ae L. Vandergriff Emily Anne Douglas Mr. and Mrs. Steven C. Suess Mary Farrell Edwards Ms. Vivian Farrell Rene Eldridge Mr. and Mrs. Roy M. Quick, Jr. Mrs. Judith H. Engelsmann Mr. and Mrs. Eugene S. Kahn Mr. and Mrs. Rolla K. Wetzel Ms. Marianna Sherrill Erker Mr. and Mrs. Briges A. Hoffmann, Jr. James R. and Grace S. Farrell Ms. Vivian Farrell Mrs. Joyce Ferrell Mr. and Mrs. Ronald E. Rauh Mrs. Gladys E. Fetch Ms. hesaae Vonder: pe Mrs. Vivian Forshee Mrs. Margie Wright rs. Mary A. Fowler Mrs. Ellen Ritchie Mrs. Mary Fredrickson Miss Mary Jane Fredrickson Victor W. Gellen, DVM Family and Friends Mrs. Louise Goldber Dr. and Mrs. Leonard J. Guarraia Mrs. Helen R. Gordon Ms. Ellen Hei Mrs. Sarah Faye Greenberg Mr. and Mrs. Jeffrey Wright Mrs. Margaret Blanke Grigg Miss Mary Jane Fredrickson Mr. Elon Clark Gustafson Ms. Linda R. Cummings Mr. Albert A. Heinze Ms. Claudia Counsell Niki Hildebidle Janice Grant and Family Mr. Ron Hootselle Anonymous ee Marilyn Hotze s. Karen M. Corbett Mr. and Mrs. John W. Cummings Mr. and Mrs. Mark B. Johnston ; yday Ms. Catherine Mullins Parkway South High School 23 photo by Heather Marie Osborn Mrs. Jessica A. Inchiostro Mr. and Mrs. Douglas L. Scott Mrs. Rebecca Wells Jones Mr. and Mrs. Robert E. Kresko Mr. Roger King Mr. Harvard W. Muhm and Ms. Judy Glik Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Glik Mrs. Lorraine M. Kurtz Mr. and Mrs. Richard T. Loy obert F. Loesch Ms. Patricia R. Costello James A. and Margaret E. Long Ms. Trish McGuire Mr. Gilbert L. Lore M d Mrs. Angelo L. as Mr. ~ Mrs. Alan Maltagliati Mr. and Mrs. Mark Maltagliati and Mrs. Paul Maltagliati Ms. Janet Senn Mrs. Mildred Lough Ms. Doris M. Bryant = im Lyons Marilyn and Bob Sharon and Mike Sylvia and Larr Charlotte and Tom d J Bonnie and Bud Mrs. Evelyn E. Maxwell Mr. and Mrs. Benton A. Hurst Mr. and Mrs. Fred M. Reichman and Lois McAllister Mrs. Angela ered Mr. Sea . McDermott Dr. and Ms. ees Blath gely William Meyer ae a Improvement Pay ociation Robert S. Maack Mr. «and Mrs. James G. Mannion ae Paul Middendorf, Sr. and Mrs. Morton R. Green Earl A. Moore Mrs. Janice J. Rumfelt Mr. William C. Navratil Mr. Kevin Kremer an Ms. Kristina J. ae Ms. Ma Mrs. a Navratil Ms. Julie R Ms. Lynn Anne Meier oe fa 24 Ms. Hortense S. Nemnich Mrs. Sharon Frui Mr. Edwin Noel Mr. and Mrs. Charles P. Reay Mr. Thomas Currie Noel, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Charles P. Reay vee Noeth Ms. Lisa W. Godiner Mrs. Pega Sunkel Noland Mr. and Mrs. Lawrence G. Goldfarb Mrs. Alice L. No Dr. and vie ‘ae A. pie Mrs. breed Bean Obata Mr. and Mrs. Kenneth W. Bean Ms. oe Betancourt Mr. and Mrs. L Mr. Gyo Obat Mr. and Mrs. chails P. Reay ee M. Liberman Mr. and Mrs. Je — Sincoff The Florida alesis Mrs. Frederick L Mr. Bob Winslow and friends at U.S. Equities Realty Dr. and Mrs. Tho Mr. Alvin Ostrow Dr. and Mrs. Shale M. Rifkin omas A. Woolsey Tillie and Harry Ostrow Dr. and Mrs. Shale M. Rifkin Palazzolo and Mrs. ae Hardin Mr. T. Randolph Potter, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Charles P. Reay Mr. Anton Preuss Mr. and Mrs. Richard H. Preuss Abe and Kate Rifkin Dr. and Mrs. Shale M. Rifkin Mrs. Elizabeth E. Roller Ms. Marceline Kistner Mrs. Lillian Truesdale a Pauline A. Roller orothy Romeri Mrs. Angela Carpenter Mrs. Dorothy W. Rosebrough Mrs. Hoe MacLeod M Ms. Diana D. T Mr. John Francis Sander Mr. and Mrs. Richard D. Schreiber Mrs. Virginia Saubert Dr. Angela Reeves Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin Albert and Effie V Jac Mr. Fred “Sonny” chmiutt Mrs. Barbara L. Kilpatrick . Irma Pinckert ide Eee Mrs. Florence Neelley Lippert Scott Mr. and Mrs. Ken McKelvie Si ane Sheldon Mrs. Thomas R. Myers s < Donna S. The Trachsel Family Mrs. Alberta C. Slavin Dr. and Mrs. Robert K. Dorton Ruth Smith Mr. and Mrs. Jerome J. Sincoff Mr. Ronald Willard Snowden Ms. Sandra L. Ellexs Mr. and Mrs. aie S. Graham is Judith E. ae r. and Mrs. D Hemm Mrs. Susan Syrup Mrs. Elaine K. Azuma The Ed Syrup Family Mrs. Jane P. Thomas Mr. and Mrs. Tom Thomas Mrs. Carla Rand Trova Mr. and Mrs. Charles P. Reay zy Villa a a Suzy Villa Charitable Foundation of the Greater Saint Louis Community Foundation Father ae Dr. George Von H Dr. and Ck: Storch Mrs. Jacqueline Weigel Mrs. Helen T. Gregory Mother of Anabeth Weil Mr. and Mrs. Charles P. Reay Mr. William A. Williams Mr. and Mrs. William Stern Create a legacy : _\ Sophia M. Sachs A Butterfly House Tributes & Pavers To learn more about these opportunities, call (314) 577-0291 or www.butterflyhouse.org. Tributes and Pavers dedicated at the Sophia M. Sachs Butterfly House in November through December 2008 Tributes Pavers In Honor of Sophia M. Sachs Anonymous In ama of Doloris e Sherma Cuba sae Methodist Cter Mary Brauss HNJ Catholic Credit Union Virgil, Emma, and nnie Foley Mr. and Mrs. Roger Lindgren Donna Jean Herr t. Louis County Department of Health — Corrections Joyce Treuel Jessen Ms. Joan M. O’Malley Susan Syrup Mr. Edward Syrup Kara Aya-Welland Kyra Cass, Susie Brown, Erica Davis, Shena Jaffee, and Karen Taylor Members’ Entry Court Bricks from November through December 2008. Engraved clay bricks and signature bronze bricks are a wonderful way to commemorate any special occasion, as well as final memorials. For additional information regarding the Garden’s brick program, please contact the Institutional Advancement Office at (314) 577-0291 or visit www.mobot.org. Signature Bronze Brick Susan J. Syrup Mr. Edward Syrup Engraved Clay Bricks Lero y Boyd Mr. and Mrs. Grahame Rhodes Richard McCue Calhoon The Missouri Valley RGO Carol Lark Mr. John D. Lark Mary Ellen Lutz Ms. Becky R. Shelton Sandy and Jim Phfistner Dr. Ralph Olliges Dr. Charles and Ruth Sherwin Mr. R. Larry Sherwin Ron and Elaine ee Ms. Elaine E. Brazins Ruth and Glenn Sweet Mr. and Mrs. Philip N. Dare By leaving a bequest to the Garden, you create a legacy that will benefit others for generations to come. If you have already included the Garden in your estate plans, we hope that you will share this information with us. We would like to express our gratitude and welcome you into the Heritage Society. Of course, your wishes for anonymuty are respected. Please call (314) 577-9495 for further information, or visit our website at www.mobot.org. Click on Donate, then Planned Giving. Spring 2009 i ’ Nip ay y ) ; ‘ i, A fy} : : 7) ‘N Lbs ‘ \ Wl WW Bae ds Spring means a burst of new life at the Garden... and on the table! Nothing says “fresh” like herbs you grew yourself in your own herb garden! It’s easy, healthy, affordable, and fun! Stop by the Garden Gate Shop and find all you need to get growing. You can also shop online at fre S h | www.gardengateshop.org. 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Box 299 « St. Louis, MO 63166-0299 Check if appropriate: Q) My name is misspelled C) My address is incorrect CII received more than one copy CIT no longer wish to receive the Bulletin C) Send me the online version instead. Please clip this address panel and mail it to us, noting your request or simply send an e-mail to membership@mobot.org. Worried about highway construction? The Garden is... A 7 For latest directions, visit www.mobot.org. PERIODICALS POSTAGE PAID AT ST. LOUIS, MO rt "H | ~ Missal W BOTANICAL Bibs bailictin Summer Ye MOL. 3 www.mobot.org %e photo by Kristi Foster President’s Comment “Sustainability” is simply meeting your own needs without compromising others’ ability to do so in the future. With the explosive growth of human populations in the last 75 years, our growing consumption and use of unsustainable technologies, we are exhausting the earth’s resources more rapidly than natural processes can replenish them. The rate at which we are doing so is increasing with every passing year. The Missouri Botanical Garden strives to make the most sustainable choices for the future of people, plants, and the planet. In this, our 150th year, we celebrate our history while protecting our future—and the future of all people. We’d like you to join us. Visit our new exhibition “EarthWays: Living the Green Life” in the Brookings Interpretive Center adjacent to the Climatron® for a fun, family-friendly, interactive display of products, ideas, and technology that will help you grow green. In this issue, you'll also learn about rain gardens, our new storm water and Deer Creek watershed initiatives, and the continuing work of the Missouri Botanical Garden to protect plant biodiversity around the world. You can read about the benefits of heirloom vegetables and ways to blend beauty and bounty in the garden. Learn about our new online education course catalog—one of our biggest 100% electronic publications yet. Now that’s sustainable! Though it continues to serve as a place of respite and solitude for our members and guests, the Garden is not immune to the realities of worldwide financial turmoil. It is with confidence and optimism that we remain focused on our mission and diligent in our efforts. Henry Shaw entrusted us as responsible stewards of his gift and the gifts of those who have followed his example. I believe overcoming the current economic challenges to sustain the legacy entrusted to us will leave the Garden stronger for future generations. Cee, Dr. Peter H. Raven, President Lh Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin To discover and share knowledge about plants and their environment, in order to preserve and enrich life. — mission of the Missouri Botanical Garden Board of Trustees Officers Chair Mr. Nicholas L. Reding Vice Chair Carolyn W. Losos President Dr. Peter H. Raven Members Mrs. Walter F. Ballinger II ve Barrett Toan fficio Rev. Dene Biondi, Wayne Smit Mr. Richard T. Sullivan, Jr. Dr. Mark S. Wrighton Members Emer: ie Clones (C. mene n Fox Mr. mete rt R. Hermann Summer 2009 Mr. Edward D. Higgins < A 5 @) ne =e is a er a ial Mrs. Rona H. Wittcoff Honorary Trustees Dr. Werner Greuter Dr. Surinder M. Sehgal Members’ Board Mrs. David Lange, President Alfri Mrs. Daniel Herren Mrs. James F. Hoffmeister Ilverson rs. ech I, Ru witch ald R M ne : Mrs. Robert P. Tschudy Mrs. Eric R. Weidmann Botanical den Subdistrict of he Metropolitan Zoological Park and Museum District Antoinette Baile ary B. Zimmerman Non-voting advisory members: Willie J. Meadows Janice M. Nelson James H. Yemm What’s Inside... Departments Presidents Comiient, «49.44.0404 onae 2 IES cru p teres e esate eet ee ae ee + EU Ote on og eee ea eS 13 In ¥Y ourGarden- NOW .3.4.40.e¢.0 7245 14 Grech Livine is eee hee ee a oe eee as 18 Paniily Ot AAC ONS oi ae epee ate 19 ST MBUlCe putea eg oe ee eee ear es 22 Events, Calendar, i342 e2ueee 645 26 Ready to Go Electronic? New in 2009, the Bulletin is available as a downloadable PDF for viewing onscreen on your computer, iPhone, etc. Sign up for the new online version by sending an e-mail to membership@mobot.org. Let us know if you'd like to forego your paper subscription to save trees. On the Cov Garden Hours Water lily in ae ils Sculpture Pool. Photographer Mary Lou Olson. Credits Editor: Elizabeth McNulty Designers: Ellen Flesch, Jeff Ricker 2009 Missouri Botanical Garden The Bulletin is a benefit of Garden membership. The BULLETIN (ISSN 0026-6507) is published quarterly by the Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Blvd., St. Louis, MO 63110. Periodicals postage paid at St. Louis, MO POSTMASTER: Please send address changes to Bulletin, Missouri Botanical Garden, P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, MO 63166-0299 Open daily 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. (Closed December 25.) Parking is free General Admission Adults $8; Members and children 12 and under free * Special events require an additiona = Louis rel ant cae ak visitors, > Peer oF rsd, receive a mornings until noon (unless special event pricing applies nord Contacts Switchboard (314) 577-5100 (8:30 a.m. to 5 p.m.) 24-Hour Event Hotline (314) 577-9400 Website: www.mobot.org Garden Gate Shop: www.gardengateshop.org Members’ Online Ticket Code Enter your ceria number and the code henryshaw Summer 2009 5-9 Treasure Hunt in Sao Tome Bioprospecting on an Ancient Volcano 10-12 Rain Gardening A Sustainable Solution to Storm Water Runoff Toa iy Plants with a Past Growing Veggies with Henry Shaw lana) Statement S Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin is printed on paper aon 100% post-consumer recycled content, that is, paper that you might have placed in the recycle bin in your home or office this year. It is manufactured using wind power, a renewable energy source. We print locally, so there is no long-haul reads and we're reinvesting in our community. We work hard to choose t most environmentally responsible paper around. So if you aren’t ae ready to go completely electronic with our still enjoy your paper Bulletin in good conscience. Once you’ve read it, please recycle. online version, you can FSC Logo Here (Box FPO only) Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin 3 fer family fi Gifts Honor Memory, Offer Fun Among popular spots for parents to capture their child’s photograph at the Garden is a grassy enclave where sculptures of three-foot-tall sheep invite children to sit. The sheep, or Moutons, are the work of artist Francois-Xavier Lalanne, but they are a part of the Garden landscape thanks to a gift from Don Soffer and his family, given in memory of their wife, mother, and grandmother, Pearl Soffer. In the Doris I. Schnuck Children’s Garden, a steamboat known as The Pearl is a second gift from the Softer family in Pearl’s memory. “My mother loved flowers and loved beauty,” said Lois Softer, Don and Pearl Soffer’s daughter. “What made these gifts to the Garden perfect is that children would enjoy them. They are fitting tributes to my mother.” Pearl Soffer died in 1990. Don Soffer, the couple’s three children, and eight grandchildren all live in the St. Louis metropolitan area. The Garden remains for them a place where they visit to celebrate Pearl Soffer’s life. If you would like to learn more about opportunities for honoring a loved one at the Garden, please call (314) 577-9495. Lois Soffer and her son, Perry Soffer-Kanefield, enjoy a moment on a Mouton shortly after the Soffer family gave a gift to the Garden to dedicate the sculptures in memory of Pearl Soffer, Perry’s grandmother. Today, Perry is 15. courtesy the So Deer Creek Initiative Flooding, erosion, infrastructure damage, and water pollution—these are the results of challenges facing local urban stream management. With increased development and predicted increases in wet weather for the upper Midwest brought on by global climate change, the situation is unlikely to improve. In response, the Garden has sponsored the Deer Creek Watershed Friends, an initiative designed to promote photos by Karen Bryan Children enjoy the crawl-through logs at the Shaw plant-based strategies for addressing both water quantity Nature Reserve Nature Explore Classroom. and quality problems in the Deer Creek Watershed. Deer Creek is a tributary of the River Des Peres that Nature Explore Classrooms™ Bloom captures rain water flowing from 20 municipalities in St. Louis County. In partnership with Metropolitan St. Louis Sewer District, Washington University, Missouri Department of Conservation, local The Nature Explore Classroom™ at the Shaw Nature Reserve celebrated its first anniversary this spring, while the Nature Explore Classroom at the Garden turns two in June. These outdoor classrooms are the product ae ie of a collaborative effort between the National Arbor Day Foundation municipalities, nonprofit organizations, and interested a and Dimensions Educational Research Foundation. Developed as a citizens, the Garden hopes to collect data, complete response to the growing disconnect between children and nature, these demonstration projects, and work with schools and spaces feature hands-on activities using natural materials in creative ways. other groups for community outreach. Sign up for the The Garden was the first botanical garden in the nation to incorporate a Deer Creek Watershed monthly e-mail newsletter at certified Nature Explore Classroom on its grounds. www.deercreekfriends.net. If you would like to learn more about how you can support the Deer Creek Watershed Initiative, please call (314) 577-9495. under a grove of white pines near the Visitor Center. Children can design mosaics made from natural items; climb over, under, and through giant At the Shaw Nature Reserve, the Nature Explore Classroom is nestled sycamore logs; and build structures with blocks made from tree limbs. The classroom 1s a dynamic area that is constantly changing with new Motorized Scooters Available things to explore. Be sure to check out the “Discover Nature — Families” New at the Garden: a limited number of motorized peo yenis @iozee in icine, scooters available for rent. Available to visitors 18 In the Nature Explore Classroom in the Doris I. Schnuck Children’s Garden, years or older with a driver’s license, the scooters rent children have the opportunity to build with natural blocks and tree cookies for $25 (plus deposit) on a first-come, first-served basis (cross-segments of a tree trunk), create music with natural instruments, climb at the Ridgway Visitor Center ticket counter. Thanks log steps and crawl through a log, dance with colorful scarves, or make art to Mr. and Mrs. David P. Gast for their generous gift from plant parts and other natural materials. Staff and volunteer interpreters to enable this new amenity for the public. are on hand to help spark curiosity through fun activities. 4 Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin |= Summer 2009 A Shared Anniversary Monday, June 1, 2 p.m., Monsanto Center When Henry Shaw set about developing a botanical garden in St. Louis, he consulted the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, outside London. The year, as the Garden celebrates 150 years, Kew is marking its 250th anniversary. Join us for a lecture exploring this shared history and the role of botanical gardens in a better future, when professor Stephen D. Hopper, the director of Kew and a renowned plant conservationist, speaks June 1 at 2 p.m. in the Monsanto Center. Dr. Raven to Throw First Pitch Tuesday, June 16, 7 p.m., Busch Stadium In celebration of the 150th anniversary of the Missouri Botanical Garden, president Dr. Peter Raven has been drafted to toss the ceremonial first pitch at the St. Louis Cardinals home game versus the Detroit Tigers. Come cheer him on! Pre-game festivities begin after 6 p.m.; game time is 7:15 p.m. Visit stlouiscardinals.mlb.com for ticket information. Garden to Host APGA Tuesday to Saturday, June 23-27 The American Public Gardens Association will hold its annual conference in St. Louis, hosted by the Missouri Botanical Garden in honor of our sesquicentennial. The conference is a national leader in professional development for nonprofit staff, horticulturists, science educators, plant researchers, and conservationists, among others. Advance registration is required, so visit www.publicgardens.org to learn more. Ladue Garden Club Sponsors Teacher Training In 2008, the Ladue Garden Club provided scholarships for four area teachers to attend a GEMS training at the Garden. GEMS stands for Great Explorations in Math and Science. The three-day workshop familiarized teachers with the 60 thematic lesson kits the Garden offers on loan. Educators who have completed the training may then check out the kits, free of charge, for use in their classrooms. The four teachers were Meghan McNulty of Marvin Elementary, Mary DiMercurio of Compton Drew, Renee Ganley of Busch AAA, and Anissa Parisi of Carr Lane VPA Middle School. The scholarships, which continue in 2009, are awarded in honor of Louise Krueger, who was a Ladue Garden Club member. photo by Kat Douglas Honored volunteers. Their achievements are listed below. Volunteer Appreciation Evening Last year, the number of volunteers at the Garden increased to 1,788, maintaining our status as the largest volunteer cadre of any botanical garden in the nation! Volunteers contributed 135,689 hours of service, or the equivalent of 70 full-time employees. The Garden could not operate at current levels of international renown and community outreach without the help of these dedicated individuals and groups. On Tuesday, April 21, the Garden celebrated this remarkably capable volunteer work force at the annual Volunteer Appreciation Evening, where Dr. Peter H. Raven presented special awards to these outstanding individuals: ¢ Fredric Rissover, Commitment Award for his work as a “triple threat”: Garden host, docent, and interpreter. * George Hibbard, Dedication Award for his two-days-a-week devotion to the Victorian District. ¢ Virginia Noe, Extra Service Hours Award for her work over 15 years as a Garden docent—and a commitment of over 200 hours last year. ¢ Lois Estes, Frances Lermkuehler, Steve Levit, Bob Noe, and Barb Springer, Special Achievement Award for their work together to enhance the education programs at the Butterfly House. ¢ Peggy Kachulis, Green Award for her leadership in demonstrating sustainability at the EarthWays Center. ¢ Volunteer Instructors Group, Organization Award for their hard work to take their “classroom” outdoors. ¢ Jim Jackson, Lifetime Achievement Award for his 25 years of volunteering at the Shaw Nature Reserve. The Garden is deeply grateful to these special award recipients and to the whole volunteer corps. Thanks for another great year! Dr. Raven Receives Scott Medal The Garden’s president, Dr. Peter Raven, was awarded this March the Scott Medal from the Scott Arboretum of Swarthmore College. This annual award honors an “individual, organization, or corporate body who has made an outstanding national contribution to the science and the art of gardening.” Dr. Raven is one of the world’s leading botanists and advocates of conservation, biodiversity, and a sustainable environment. He is the recipient of numerous prizes and awards, including the U.S. National Medal of Science. He has held Guggenheim and John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation fellowships. Summer 2009 ~~ Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin D = F ‘ a \ 8 —— er Guests enjoying cocktails at the Orchid Show Premiere — . ate _— \ \ | Orchid Show Premiere On Thursday, January 29, the Garden welcomed over 500 visitors to the annual orchid show premiere. This year’s show celebrated the Garden’s 150th anniversary with the Victorian theme “Henry’s Garden.” Attendees al enjoyed complimentary beverages and hors d’oeuvres. Alma Reitz and Martha Kratzer The orchid show premiere is a benefit of upper level membership at the Garden. a / C Joseph and Barbara McKinney, Richard and Rosemarie Nelson, Cees Sue and Kipp Rapp and Jeanne Crawford, Joseph-and Margaret Von Kaenel rt Xm = * || iy Peeled Tiny photos by Josh Monken, Andrea Nickrent, and Blacktie-St. Louis. Young Friends Trivia Night On Saturday, February 28, over 200 Young Friends of the Garden enjoyed Schlafly Beer and complimentary hors d’oeuvres while they competed for cash, prizes, and glory at the first annual Trivia Night-Garden Style. Young Friends of the Garden is a program for young professionals dedicated to advancing the mission of the Garden. For more information about the organization, call (314) 577- 9532 or e-mail young_friends@mobot.org. TREASURE SHUNT. photo by Tariq Stévart, Ph.D. The Garden has operated a Central Africa program for over 25 years, partnering with countries throughout the region, and with a headquarters in Gabon. Recently, the team has begun implementing research and conservation activities in the small, botanically interesting island nation of Sao Tomé off the Gabonese coast. Just north of the equator in the Atlantic Ocean, Sao Tomé was formed by a massive shield volcano over 100,000 years ago. It appears to have been uninhabited by humans until the Portuguese arrived in the late 1400s. The rich volcanic soil proved hospitable to agriculture, and the Portuguese established plantations to grow sugar, and then coffee and cocoa, relying heavily on the importation of slaves. Slavery was abolished in 1875, and the island gained independence 1n 1975. Together with the neighboring island of Principe, it is today the second smallest nation in Africa after the Seychelles, with a total area of 1,000 square kilometers, roughly five times the size of Washington D.C. The economy of this small, poor island has become increasingly dependent on cocoa, which represents about 95 percent of exports. However, production has declined in recent years because of drought and mismanagement. But Sao Tomé is rich in biodiversity. Because of its long geographic isolation and robust soil, Sao ‘Tomé is home to many plant species that do not occur on the African mainland. The Garden’s Central Africa program has, since its inception, carried out field activities in Gabon and Cameroon. During these field excursions, plants are collected to document key areas, and many new species are discovered. Scientific documentation is important to establish conservation priorities and to identify plants that are important to people as sources of food, building materials, fiber, and medicine. In Gabon and photos by Tariq Stévart, Ph.D. Cameroon, Garden researchers can provide accurately identified material to partners such as the National Cancer Institute (NCI) and Sequoia Sciences for pharmaceutical screening. This practice is known as “bioprospecting” and it is conducted with the highest ethical standards to ensure that the country and its people benefit from any commercial products developed from their natural resources. Sao Tomé had no experience with bioprospecting, so the Garden has played a crucial role in establishing contacts between the government of Sao Tomé and NCI. After extensive negotiations, an agreement was signed between these two parties, providing access to plant samples, protection of intellectual property rights, and equitable benefit sharing—all requirements for Garden scientists to begin field work with our local partners. Training for the 11 Sao Tomé participants was provided by Richard Randrianaivo, a Garden employee based in Madagascar, who has more than a decade of experience collecting and preparing samples for NCI and other collaborators. After several days spent introducing the required techniques, collecting began in the mountain forests, one of the island’s richest habitats. Endemic plants, those found only on the island, were targeted, and most samples were collected in the higher elevation habitats. Despite wet conditions high in the mountains, the enthusiastic Saotomean participants collected 250 samples of bark, stem, leaf, and root, along with pressed herbarium specimens, from 65 different species in just one week. The material was carefully dried and identified, and the samples were then shipped to NCI’s labs in Maryland, where they are now stored in huge freezers, ready to be screened for potential drugs against cancer and HIV/AIDS. The success of this first-ever bioprospecting project in Sao Tomé bodes well for future projects there. You Can Help ° Maintain your Garden membership. It helps fund worthwhile conservation programs around the world. Consider buying organic, fair- trade coffee and chocolate, such as those brands currently available in the Garden Gate Shop. The fair trade movement promotes the payment of a fair wage to workers in the developing world, as well as social and environmental standards related to production. * Donate to the Henry Shaw Fund to help support the Garden’s conservation efforts. Call (314) 577-9495. — Over 65 different species were collected in Sdo Tomé for the National Cancer Institute’s program to screen for potential drugs against cancer and HIV/AIDS. Field work involved collecting samples of bark, stem, leaf, and root of each species. Staff also produced an herbarium specimen so that the identification of the plant could be confirmed. Left: Garden staff members Tariq Stévart and Richard Randrianaivo worked with personnel from the Bom Sucesso Botanical Garden, our collaborator in Sado Tomé. Right: Tabernaemontana stenosiphon, a plant native to Sado Tomé with beautiful white and yellow flowers. Medicinal Plants at the Garden Look for this logo on signs throughout the Garden this summer. Plants are the basis of 25 percent of all prescription medicines in use today—yet less than 2 percent of plants have been tested for medicinal application. Learn about the power of plants at Siteman Cancer Center’s “Healthy You, Healthy Planet” on July 18. See calendar for details. > Summer 2009 Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin eile , ie yp 1", by Cindy Gilberg, Native Plant Horticulturist ater is a precious resource that requires responsible stewardship. A large percentage of water pollution has its origins in storm water runoff. That, combined with an aging storm water system infrastructure, has prompted a new look into solutions that are sustainable for the 21st century and beyond. As rainfall runs over impervious surfaces such as concrete or asphalt streets, sidewalks, rooftops, and even lawns, it carries with it pollutants, sediment, and litter that ultimately end up in our lakes and rivers. These surfaces also intensify the quantity and velocity of the storm water runoff, causing soil erosion, flash floods, and other costly damage to property. This compromises not only our quality of life, but also adversely affects natural habitats and wildlife. Rain gardens are just one piece in the storm water puzzle, along with green roofs, rain barrels, and permeable pavement. What is a rain garden? Basically, rain gardens are man-made landscapes that mimic the form and function of natural wetlands. Rain gardens are shallow depressions that use the same elements that exist in nature, such as plants, stones, and topography, in order to slow down and temporarily capture rainfall. They perform a vital function in the landscape by allowing water to be filtered through plant material and absorbed into the soil, thus diminishing the quantity of runoff as well as improving the quality of water that eventually enters our lakes and rivers. Ideally, rain gardens should be positioned between the source of the runoff (such as the rooftop of a house) and the storm water culvert at the curb. Planted “swales” or buried drain tile help direct the runoff from the downspouts to the rain garden. Rain gardens are designed with spillways that allow excess water | 0 Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin = Summer 2009 ; to exit during heavy rains. Since any reduction in storm water runoff is beneficial, rain gardens range in size from small residential gardens to large, commercial projects. Planting designs range from traditionally planted compositions to random plantings that emulate natural wetlands. Missouri is blessed with an abundance of native plants that thrive in natural wetlands and are an obvious choice for use in rain gardens. A few colorful choices include copper iris, rose turtlehead, cardinal flower, seedbox, and meadow phlox. These plants are adapted to our climate and soils, and survive fluctuating water levels and temperatures. Diversity is the key to healthy habitats, and rain gardens offer a viable and attractive alternative to the monoculture of lawns and pavement. In addition, birds, butterflies, dragonflies, frogs, and other wildlife are attracted to rain gardens. Learn More ¢ Take the Native Plant School class on rain gardens offered on both Thursday, June 11, and Friday, June 12, from 1 to 4 p.m. $12 ($8 for Garden members). Reservations required; call (636) 451-3512. * Pick up the Missouri Department of Conservation’s brochure “Native Plant Rain Gardens,” available through their GrowNative! program (www.grownative.org). ¢ Visit the new Show-Me Rain Garden Initiative, a program of the Soil and Water Conservation District of St. Louis County in collaboration with the Metropolitan Sewer District, Missouri Botanical Garden, Shaw Nature Reserve, educational institutions, and various corporate and private citizens. Website: www.showmeraingardens.com. Summer 2009 From left: Queen of the prairie (Filipendula rubra), a residential pond rain garden, and a shallow rain garden at Shooting Star Nursery. photos by Scott Woodbury Landscape Guide for Stormwater Best Management Practice Design St. Louis, Missouri Metropolitan St. Louis Sewer District Missouri Botanical Gerde ‘Missouri Department of The Environmental Protection Agency’s Clean Water Act requires that developments that disturb more than one acre o land must remove pollutants and sediment and reduce the impact that storm water has on eroding streams and rivers. As a result, the St. Louis Metropolitan Sewer District has revised its storm water guide to include best management practices that involve greener solutions and native plants. You will find the new guidebook, “Rain Gardening and Storm Water Management,” samples of best management practices, and required native plant lists on these websites: Metropolitan Sewer District www.msd.st-louis.mo.us Missouri Department of Conservation www.mdc.mo.gov Shaw Nature Reserve www.shawnature.org Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin 1 1 Or LLL di ey ob 3 AS ay Gs % = Be} 2 (ey Center Plants Achillea “Red Beauty’ Amsonia ‘Blue Ice’ When a storm dumps buckets of rain, the landscape can become flooded Amsonia hubrichtii with most of the water running into the storm sewer from rooftops, Sia disllaalas nor reer driveways, and steep hillsides. A rain garden can be designed to capture this Aster oolentaginensis Baptisia sphaerocarpa runoff, retain it for re-absorption into the soil, and slow its migration to > Carex ‘Ice Dance rivers and streams. Coreopsis x ‘Jethro Tull’ Echinacea purpurea ‘Vintage Wine’ An example of a residential rain garden is now installed on the north side i Fora of the William T. Kemper Center for Home Gardening. This is a perfect Gaura ‘Siskyou Pink’ Denniaun alonenaodes Pier spot for a rain garden, says the Center’s manager, Dr. Steve Cline. “The east Hibiscus x ‘Fantasia’ and north landscape of the Kemper Center, including parts of the Doris I. Juncus effusus Schnuck Children’s Garden, drain large quantities of water into storm drains, Kalimeris 2 so much so that we had to install two drains to handle the flow. With the Liatris pycnostachys ; . . ; 3 Lobelia siphilitica installation of this rain garden, we expect to capture a significant amount of Monarda fistulosa this water and channel it back into the soil.” This redirection not only spares Porteranthus trifoliatus the storm drains, but will “recharge” the soil profile where plants will find it ‘Pink Profusion’ pe d he ‘2a Phystostegia ‘Miss Manners’ i a ee Rudbeckia fulgida lecti i ‘ble ; 4 hoi anol Didi Ain eunone In selecting plants compatible for rain gardens, choices are surprisingly many. Salvia nemorosa ‘Sensation Rose’ Rain garden plants need to be tolerant of both wet and dry conditions, since Scutellaria incana the design of the rain garden is around the idea that the water will come and Edge Plants go within a 24- to 48-hour period. A little over 30 plants, both native and Asclepias tuberosa ornamental, were selected for the Kemper Center rain garden, including a Aster laevis half dozen Plants of Merit™ like the variegated sedge Carex ‘Ice Dance’ and Carex stricta spiky plumed rush Juncus effusus. Centranthus ruber Dianthus ‘Firewitch’ Eryngium yuccifolium Heuchera ‘Purple Petticoats’ Heuchera ‘Rave On’ for Home Gardening outdoor supervisor. “Our rain garden contains many “There is no need to think of a rain garden as strictly a functional part of a landscape aimed to control water alone,” says June Hutson, Kemper Center Gaura ‘Siskyou Pink’ flowering plants that perform in spring, summer, and fall.” Visitors will enjoy Monarda bradburiana Nepeta ‘Candy Cat’ . Ocnothera macrocarpa few. Flower performance, leaf color, and texture will be contrasted to show asters, coneflowers, bee balm, salvia, blazing star, and tickseed, to name just a Stachys ‘Hummelo’ the possibilities for creating a wildlife habitat and viewing pleasure in the home landscape, all while capturing storm-water runoff. 12 Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin |= Summer 2000 \ fall-winter | 09 J embers enjoy discounts on all classes—as well Me early enrollment. As part of the Garden’s sustainability initiatives, the Get Growing course catalog is going green. The fall edition 1s now 100 percent -online. On August 1, visit www.mobot.org for a complete list of the Garden’s fall programs. Space is limited, so be sure to exercise your member’s privilege to early enrollment right away on August 1! Where better to seek advice, inspiration, or learn new skills than at the Garden and the Garden’s family of attractions? Grow this fall with programs for kids and families, children, ~ grandchildren, and adults of all ages. At the Garden, try Home Landscape Design, Adventures in Watercolor, and Holiday Cookie Decorating. Work out with trained fitness instructors while enjoying the beauty of the Garden with your little one in Strollerobics. Classes for kids ages 2-12 will help you keep every child in your family busy and intrigued by nature. Identify Wildflower Ecology at the Shaw Nature Reserve. When You Sign Up for Fall Classes— Go Green! Learn how to Keep Chickens in your own backyard at the EarthWays Center. Take your family on an Owl Outing at the Sophia M. Sachs Butterfly House. These and dozens more opportunities are offered this fall. Classes run from August through December and range from $16 to $60 for single-session classes and from $56 to $210 for multiple-session classes. Most classes meet at the Garden’s main campus, but classes are also available at the Shaw Nature Reserve, Butterfly House, and EarthWays, Center. Classes fill up quickly. Register online at www.mobot.org. To register by phone, use the following numbers: Garden classes for adults: (314) 577-9441 Garden classes for kids and families: (314) 577-9506 Classes at the Shaw Nature Reserve: (636) 451-3512, ext. 0 Classes at the Butterfly House: (636) 530-0076, ext. 13 Classes at the EarthWays Center: (314) 577-0220 The Missouri Botanical Garden strives to make the most sustainable choices for the future of people, plants, and the planet. The new Get Growing catalog 1s our largest 100% online publication to date. We hope you'll make the switch to online registration with us. Sign up for an announcement by e-mailing membership@mobot.org. Summer 2009 1S Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin photo by Erin Whitson WHAT TO DO IN YOUR GARDEN NOW... clip and save all month L) Water turf as needed to prevent drought stress. No need to remove clippings unless excessive. Gradually increase the mowing height throughout the summer. By September, the height should be 2 to 2.5 inches. week 1 L) Watch for bagworms feeding on many garden plants, but especially juniper and arborvitae. L) Deadhead bulbs and spring perennials as blossoms fade. L) Thin seedlings to proper spacings before plants crowd each other. L) Repeat plantings of corn and beans to extend the harvest season. L) Oriental fruit moths emerge. Most serious on peaches where first generation attacks growing tips. Prune out wilted shoots. L) Thinning overloaded fruit trees will result in larger and healthier fruits. L) Zoysia can be fertilized now while actively growing. Do not exceed 2-3 Ibs. of actual nitrogen fertilizer per 1,000 sq. ft. per year. week 2 UL) Apply organic mulches as the soil warms. UL) Apply a balanced rose fertilizer after the first show of blooms is past. Apply a second spray for borer control on hardwood trees. LL) Renovate strawberries after harvest. Mow the rows, thin out excess plants, remove weeds, fertilize, and apply mulch for weed control. L) Summer fruiting raspberries are ripening now. week 3 L) Plant tropical water lilies when water temperatures rise above 70 degrees. L) Pruning of spring-flowering trees and shrubs should be completed before month’s end. Softwood cuttings can be taken from trees and shrubs as the spring flush of growth is beginning to mature. L) Begin control for apple maggot flies. Spray trunks of peach trees and other stone fruits for peach tree borers. week 4 LU) Trees and shrubs may still be fertilized before July 4. L) Spray roses with a fungicide to prevent black spot disease. L) Prune and train young fruit trees to eliminate poorly positioned branches and to establish proper angles. Member Plant Societies Plant societies are the place to profess your horticultural devotion. Groups exist for fans of flowers from African violets to roses, and for specific garden types such as rock or water gardens. For the latest contact information on the Garden’s plant society partners, visit www.mobot org A ts 14 Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin all month L) Deadhead spent perennials and annuals. L} Remove infected leaves from roses. L) Pick up fallen leaves. LY Continue fungicidal sprays as needed. Fertilize container plants every 2 weeks with a water-soluble solution. LY Newly planted trees and shrubs should be watered thoroughly once a week. L) Maintain a 2-3 inch layer of mulch around tomatoes and peppers to prevent blossom-end rot. L) Cover grape clusters loosely with paper sacks to provide some protection from marauding birds. L) Water grass deeply at least once a week. Early morning irrigation allows turf to dry before nightfall and reduces the chance of disease. week 1 L) Apply no fertilizers to trees and shrubs after July 4. LJ Plant zinnia seed by July 4 for late bloom in annual border. L) Hot, dry weather is ideal for spider mites. Look for leaves speckled above and yellow below and evergreen needles that appear dull gray-green to yellow-brown. Summer 2009 L) To minimize insect damage to squash and cucumber plants, cover them with lightweight floating row covers. Remove covers once plants flower. L) Prune out and destroy old fruiting canes of raspberries after harvest is complete. Blackberries are ripening. week 2 LI Prune climbing and rambler roses after bloom. L) Dig potatoes when the tops die. Plant fall potatoes now. week 3 L) Powdery mildew is unsightly on lilacs, but rarely harmful. Shrubs grown in full sun are less prone to this disease. L) Cut semi-hardwood off spring flowering shrubs. Summer pruning of shade trees can be done now. L) Harvest onions and garlic when the tops turn brown. L) Keep cucumbers watered well. Drought conditions will cause bitterness. L) Sweet corn is ripe when the silks turn brown. L) Monitor lawns for newly hatched white grubs. If damage is occurring, apply appropriate controls. week 4 L) Divide bearded iris now. I For the fall garden, sow seeds of collards, kale, sweet corn, and summer squash as earlier crops are harvested. Sow seeds of carrots, beets, turnips, and winter radish for fall harvest. L) Early peach varieties and thornless blackberries ripen now. photo by Todd Gilbert all month LW) Deadhead annuals/ perennials as needed. Annuals may appear leggy and worn now. These can be cut back hard and fertilized to produce a new flush of bloom. L) Continue spraying roses that are susceptible to black spot and other fungus diseases. L) Compost or till under residues from harvested crops. Watch for fall webworm activity. ) Prop up branches of fruit trees that are threatening to break under the weight of a heavy crop. L) Once bagworms reach full size, inseticides are ineffective. Pruning off and burning large bags provides better control. week 1 QL) Feed fall-blooming perennials (mums, asters) for the last time. L) Divide bearded iris. Discard old center sections and borer-damaged parts. Replant so tops of rhizomes are just above ground level. L) Prune hedges to shape for the last time this season. L) Broccoli, cabbage, and cauliflower transplants should be set out for the fall garden. LI Spray black locust trees now to protect against damage by the locust borer. week 2 LI Roses should receive no further nitrogen fertilizer after August 15. L) To grow big dahlia flowers, keep side shoots pinched off and plants watered and fertilized regularly. LL) Evergreens can be planted or transplanted now to ensure good rooting before winter arrives. Water the plant and the planting site several days before moving. L) Cure onions in a warm, dry place for two weeks before storing. Sow seeds of beans, beets, spinach, and turnips now for the fall garden. L) Cover ripening fruits with netting to protect from birds. L) Fall-bearing red raspberries are ripening now. L) Apply insecticides now for grub control on lawns being damaged by them. Zoysia lawns should receive their final fertilizer application. 4) Hummingbirds are migrating through gardens now. week 3 L) Begin planting lettuce and radishes for fall now. L) Watch for fall webworms. L) Cultivate strawberries. L) Lawns scheduled for renovation this fall should be killed now. Have soil tested to determine fertility needs. Q) Dormant lawns should be soaked to encourage strong fall growth. L) Monitor for spider mite activity. Reduce their numbers by hosing off with a forceful spray of water. Featured Plant of Merit™ Eastern Beebalm Monarda bradburyana A clump-forming, mint family member of 1-2 feet tall, this beebalm species is a common Missouri native perennial and tolerates somewhat poor soils and some drought. The flowers are attractive to bees and butterflies—and people! They are pinky-white with purple spots and appear in dense, globular heads with a long summer bloom period. Plants of Merit™ is a program of the Missouri Botanical Garden. Plants are selected by regional horticulture ee ts si eins: ae and dependable performance in the lower Midwe. www.plantsofmerit.org. Double Your Money Throughout 2009, the William T. Kemper Foundation— Commerce Bank, Trustee will match your donations to the Plants of Merit program, dollar for dollar up to $50,000. To participate, please contact the Institutional Advancement Office at (314) 577-9513. Summer 2009 Plastic Pot Recycling Now through September Close the gardening loop! Recycle plastic garden pots, cell packs, and trays. Plastic should be empty of soil with no metal hangers or rings (no clay pots or food plastic). Please separate #6 plastic cell packs and trays from #2 and #5 plastic pots into the recycling trailers. West parking lot of the Garden’s Monsanto Center, 4500 Shaw Blvd. at Vandeventer. For a complete list of satellite collection centers throughout the metro area, visit www.plasticpotrecycling.org. Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin 1 5 photo by Tamara Palmier v/ Me “his } Plants with 1a Past z a ee — : 2 ne 7 ele a” La The Bank of America Vegetable Garden in the Kemper Center for Home Gardening features Henry Shaw heirloom veggies in 2009. Growing Veggies with Henry Shaw at the Kemper Center for Home Gardening Z See = z Soup m0. IY df, vA bed St. louis, Mo., ee A rolophone No, S86 by June Hutson, Kemper Center for Home Gardening Outdoor Supervisor “| , | | , | ; 1, an ee An heirloom plant is, most simply, a variety that was grown in . Wy y earlier times. Heirloom plants have maintained their original We ap is traits for 50 years or more through open pollination by birds, aie Ag pe ld Ye b ’ wind, or other natural methods. Of course, some are much qe ia Ls st d Si ig older and some are even pre-historic. Very few are in large-scale Ee : By production. Open pollination means they grow “true to type,’ n 1 that is, they can produce plants identical to the parent from seed. 2 MeL G file Ouse a ¥0 Thus, the same variety can be reproduced each time it is grown. oh AGP Mpa, i | | | | Z| bg he fs: | a, Heirlooms play an important role in modern vegetable hybrids. , / ae Hf l y a oie q i i— Hybrids are produced when humans (or nature) cross two ios i, x Yo As adincy “4 distinct, different parents (often heirlooms) to produce what is iffy Bf tt tue Val Pe called an F1 hybrid. These plants can exhibit hybrid vigor and hee lags rk I~ may combine the best qualities of each parent, such as resistance Jee hel Heist we @e 2 to disease and/or insects, high yield, or good flavor. Plants lee Lede Fed hf, grown from the seeds of these F1 plants, however, will not be Pie a. ae i identical to the parents. Hence, seed is not saved from F1 hybrids A receipt for vegetable seeds grown for future use. The important role of heirlooms then is that the y Henry Shaw in 1888. original parents (again, often heirlooms) need to be crossed each time to produce the valuable F1 seed. If we lose the heirloom, we can lose the parents of the F1 hybrids and the valuable and useful genes the heirlooms possess. 1 6 Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin | Summer 20009 photo by Laila Wessel “Hating 1s an agricultural act.” —Wendell Berry, farmer and author With the growing public awareness of sustainability issues, interest in growing heirlooms goes hand-in- glove with the resurgence in home vegetable gardening. Once upon a time, eating was seasonal and local. Do you remember when asparagus was only available in early spring? Who can forget the flavor of that first garden strawberry in late spring? This event signaled the beginning of a vegetable frenzy during summer and into late fall. Crops came and went depending on the season, not to be eaten fresh again until next year. The renaissance of local farmers’ markets attests to the fact that homegrown taste—as well as sustainable local production—is important to today’s consumer. There are several organizations that specialize in saving and selling heirloom seeds. Some of the most popular are Baker Creek Heirloom Seeds (www.rareseeds.com) right here in Missouri, Seed Savers Exchange (www.seedsavers.org), Southern Exposure Heirloom Seeds (www.southernexposure.com), Victory Seed (www.victoryseeds.com), and Amishland Seeds (www.amishlandseeds.com). Many heirloom varieties are available, and some companies provide historical information as well as growing instructions. Look for this symbol! To see heirloom veggies grown by Henry Shaw in the 19th century, look for this symbol on plant labels in the Kemper Center for Home Gardening Bank of America’s Vegetable Garden. HENRY |SHAW. Summer 2009 The “farm,” southwest of Tower Grove House, where Shaw grew vegetables. Mr. Shaw’s Vegetables In doing research for the Garden’s 150th anniversary, the Garden’s archivist, Andrew Colligan, found a slip of paper dated February 16, 1888. It was a receipt for vegetable seeds from Michel Plant & Seed Co. “sold to Henry Shaw.” At that time, the developed botanical garden open to the public only extended north from Shaw’s home. Southwest of Tower Grove House, where the bomvood Gatacnmnowsciis was tiie. tahini ilar of land where Shaw raised livestock and grew crops for his own table. In honor of the Garden’s sesquicentennial celebration, a large array of heirloom vegetables has been added tothe Kempen @enterter ome Gardenia. Several heirloom varieties that could be found in Shaw’s original vegetable garden will be on display, including early six week beans, aubergine eggplant, turnip root beet, scotch kale, calabrese broccoli, cabbage large drumhead savoy, long orange carrot, scotch leak, ice lettuce, yellow Strasburg, parsley, okra, hollow crowned parsnip, long scarlet radish, prickly spinach, red top turnip, sweet basil, thyme, sweet marjoram, and salsify. All heirloom varieties are grown from seed and will reach peak bloom from late spring through summer. Garden horticulture staff will be documenting their yield and performance. See article on growing your own veggies, page 18. 7), Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin photo courtesy MBG Archives Eat the View! In March, Michelle Obama and a group of Washington D.C. school children helped plant a vegetable garden on the South Lawn of the White House, the first since World War II when Eleanor Roosevelt had a Victory Garden installed. The Obamas will enjoy more than just fresh produce: the first lady plans to use the garden to educate children and families about health, nutrition, and the environment. Although not credited with the Obamas’ decision, a group called Eat the View had launched an online petition drive earlier in the year at www.eattheview.org to encourage such action. The nonprofit is dedicated to campaigning for high- impact food gardens in high-profile places. Here in Missount, the first lady of the state, Georganne Nixon, has launched a new vegetable garden at the Governor’s mansion. A team of horticulturists from the Missouri Botanical Garden visited to offer advice. She plans to start with varieties of tomatoes, including some heirlooms, peppers, and assorted other veggies and herbs. Sales of vegetable seeds and transplants are up 30 percent nationwide. Sales of canning and preserving products are also up. Farmers’ markets are thriving (visit the EarthWays Center website www.earthwayscenter.org for a listing of all 18 Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin Head Start The Garden has recently entered into a partnership with South Side Day Nursery to launch a schoolyard gardening program. Funded by the Missouri Foundation for Health, the new pilot program features a classroom curriculum, professional development for teachers, and a garden that incorporates fruits, vegetables, bird and butterfly attractants, as well as an area for each classroom to choose their own plants and design. Children can learn about health, nutrition, biology, and the environment. To support this and other worthy Garden programs, call (314) 577-9513. photo by Mary Lou Olson, Laila Wessel, and Kevin Wolf the farmers’ markets now in St. Louis). The New York Times asks “Is a Food Revolution Now in Season?” Vegetable gardening has never seemed so chic! It’s not too late to plant your veggies, but start with plants and not seeds now. Follow in Henry Shaw’s footsteps and look for heirloom varieties (see page 16). Or catch the latest trend: “edible view” or aesthetic vegetable gardening, where colorful varieties of vegetables are mixed in planters and beds with flowers, annuals, perennials, you name it. Our favorite such container features a central “thriller” of burgundy okra (Abelmoschus esculentus ‘Burgundy’) with its beautiful maroon stems and tropical-looking leaves from the hibiscus family. As “filler,” try any of the variegated coleus (Solenostemon scutellarioides). Then “spill” over the container with sweet potato vine in a chartreuse color, such as Ipomoea batatas ‘Margarita.’ Look for colorful varieties of herbs too: purple basil, variegated sage, lemon thyme, and mints with burgundy stems. Not only will you adorn your patio, but when the summer draws to a close, you can eat the view! Helpful hint: Visit www.gardeninghelp.org to download the Kemper Center for Home Gardening’s fact sheet on “Growing Vegetables at Home.” Summer 20009 How Green is Your Garden? Putting Sustainability to Work in Your Yard by Jean Ponzi, Green Resources Manager Is your home landscape lazy? Are you investing your labor into your yard with little return? Maybe it’s time to give your acreage some of these green jobs. Construct a rain garden to enhance biodiversity in your yard while reducing the storm runoff burden on our region’s water treatment systems. Low-maintenance native plants attract birds and beneficial insects as they thrive during dry periods and survive in rain garden puddles too. (See page 10 for more details.) Rain barrels update an antique water-saving strategy for busy modern households. Simply place a low-cost, low-tech recycled-plastic barrel directly under your downspout to collect the healthiest water for indoor or garden plants. Or install a water-smart system of one or more connected barrels linked to a moisture-sensing timer and a super-efficient drip irrigation system. Start composting and make use of up to 20 percent of your household’s waste by transforming kitchen scraps, houseplant trimmings, and garden waste into super- charged, organic, and FREE fertilizer. This garden-variety miracle will occur whether you use a basic outdoor pile, set up an indoor worm bin, or get turning assistance from a tumbler or other type of purchased composting equipment. Add livestock to your vegetable garden. Sustainability can take wing—or at least sit on a nest — when you add backyard chickens into your green productivity plan. Keeping domestic fowl is an increasingly popular practice, as newspaper and TV accounts attest, all over the St. Louis area. Whether your interest is in chickens as pets, producers of healthful free-range eggs, or Sunday dinner, local experts are happy to teach the basics. Visit www.backyardchickens.com for tips and informative overviews, then plan to attend the “Backyard Chickens” class at the Garden’s EarthWays Center, on Tuesday, October 20, from 7 to 8:30 p.m., where you can learn how to promote good-sense health practices while abiding by local livestock regulations. Let EarthWays Center’s adult classes help you boost the green and cut the waste in your home landscape and in your lifestyle. Visit www.earthwayscenter.org for details on all current course offerings. Need information on living green? E-mail your questions to the Garden’s EarthWays Center at greenresources@mobot.org or call (314) 577-0246. Summer 2000 off his own backyard urban chicken CENT ( 2 EARTH Ways EarthWays program coordinator Korey Hart shows coop. ER 3617 Grandel Square, St. Louis, MO 63108 phone (314) 577-0220 * www.earthwayscenter.org Learn Green — Live Green Saturday, June 20, 11 a.m. to 3 p.m., Terrene Restaurant This fundraiser for the Garden’s EarthWays Center features IreePetek eaveneas eulest of honor. Enjoy tantalizing seasonal lunch fare supplied by local and regional farmers along with an array of beverages and a dessert buffet. Bid in a silent art auction. Minimum donation is $60. Outdoor garden patio aie Ireavene Rveseiieio, 32 IN, Sarah in the Central West End. With support from SMW Global’s Living GREEN Network, Terrene, and KCM Art and Design. Reservations required; call (314) 577-0220 or visit www.earthwayscenter.org. Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin 19 photo by Webster The Shaw Nature Reserve features 32 acres of wetlands with hundreds of species of plants, bugs, birds, and amphibians. SHAW NATURE RESERVE Hwy. 100 & 44 (exit 253), Gray Summit, MO 63039 phone: (636) 451-3512 * www.shawnature.org You Can Help The Reserve’s 32-acre wetland complex was developed over a number of years starting in 1991. Two of the main donors to the wetlands from the very beginning were August and Ruth Homeyer, who donated because they knew the wetland would benefit many species of birds. August Homeyer passed away in 2002, Ruth in 2008. As a parting gift, they left money for a new boardwalk that helps make the wetlands accessible to people of all abilities. To learn about ways you can help preserve and improve areas you love, call the office of Institutional Advancement at (314) 577-9500 or visit “Ways to Donate” on the Garden’s website www. mobot.org. 2 0 Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin Earth’s Most Productive Ecosystem ‘Teems with Life by Dr. James Trager, Restoration Biologist Compared to the busy spring and fall seasons, fewer visitors come to Shaw Nature Reserve during the sultry days of summer, but this is when other life is most burgeoning. Wetlands are the most productive ecosystems on Earth, and the collection of ponds and wet meadows we call the “wetland complex” at the Reserve is especially lively in summer. The wetland trail is nearly level through its length and adjacent to the luxuriant prairie. This trail allows visitor-naturalists to observe a wide variety of plants and animals. The edges of ponds sport wetland plants such as native iris, lobelia, and hibiscus species among a surprising variety of reeds and rushes. In summer, individual water lily flowers open up exactly three mornings in a row then close the following afternoon. It’s an intricate relationship with pollinators that is worth learning more about in order to fully appreciate. Most waterfowl fly to the wetlands of the North to breed, but a few of these birds stop here. We have Canada geese, of course. More interesting are the kingfishers, mergansers, wood ducks, and green herons that nest here. The wood ducks are the most often seen, as the flightless brown mother duck (they molt during nesting) peeps loudly to call her young to seek shelter in the reeds, and the tiny ducklings flee on feet that remind me of cartoon characters with whirling legs. Red-winged blackbirds, orchard orioles, and yellow-breasted chats are other birds frequently spotted. In late summer, both little blue and great blue herons that breed in a “rookery” about five miles away come to feed at the Reserve’s wetlands. Bring binoculars along to observe the wealth of colorful butterflies and dragonflies at the wetlands. You can even utilize their magnifying powers to bring plants and tree leaves that are out of reach closer to your view. Summer 2009 photo by Kevin Wolf Attracting and Keeping Butterflies in Your Yard by Mark Deering, Curator of Butterflies Few things in life are more rewarding than planting a beautiful garden and watching the flowers as they bloom and display their brilliant color to attract native butterflies and other insects. Your plant selections should not only add color, but offer nectar, shelter, and food throughout these insects’ lives. Below are a few easy steps which will help your garden become an oasis for local species of butterflies, moths, and other insects. Learn more about your local butterflies. Knowing their requirements will offer ideas on flower and plant selections for your garden. Visit the Butterfly House website at www.butterflyhouse.org to read about species found in our region. No matter what type of butterflies you hope to attract, the following information generally holds true: ¢ Plant most of your garden in full sun. Plants need sunlight to make food for themselves and nectar for the butterflies. Butterflies also need sunlight to warm their bodies for flight. * To keep the butterflies in your yard and see the whole lifecycle, make sure to add host plants for the caterpillars, in addition to the flowering nectar plants which offer the adult butterflies the sugar-rich liquid diet they need to be energetic and reproduce. Butterflies lay their eggs on host plants, usually a specific plant for that particular species of butterfly. The emerging caterpillars will eat these plants and grow. Your chance to observe the entire life cycle of the butterfly more than makes up for a few leaves with holes in them. ¢ Don’t use chemical pesticides! Pesticides kill butterflies, caterpillars, and other useful insects. Instead, encourage ladybugs, spiders, dragonflies and other natural predators to dine in your garden. ¢ Water as needed to produce rich blooms, but also consider water-saving strategies such as the addition of a rain barrel to supplement needs. Do not overwater since your selections should be mostly native plant species that thrive on the weather conditions within their typical range. You've set the stage, now watch the show. You won’t be disappointed! Summer 2009 photo by Mark Deering SUllering in, Bieeye Pipevine swallowtail (Battus philenor) and great spangled fritillary (Speyeria cybele), drinking nectar from butterfly weed (Asclepias tuberosa). Where Dreams Take Flight! Imagine what it would be like to be married at a lakeside pavilion on a lovely brick terrace. Your wedding dreams take flight at the Sophia M. Sachs Butterfly House—and this July and August, there are even more options! Our wedding season spans May 1 to mid-October. Ceremonies are offered on Saturdays and Sundays at 11 a.m. and 2 p.m. During the months of July and August, however, we have expanded the wedding time options to include Friday and Saturday evenings as well. To learn more, visit www.butterflyhouse.org, or call our Special Events Department at (636) 733-2339. 15193 Olive Blvd., Chesterfield, MO 63017 (636) 530-0076 www.butterflyhouse.org 21 Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin Tributes January through March 2009 A tribute gift to the Garden is a wonderful way to honor family and friends. Tributes of $25 and up are listed in the Bulletin. If you have questions regarding giving opportunities at the Garden, please call (314) 577-5118. You can also make a tribute gift online at our website, www.mobot.org. In Honor of Mrs. Carol Armstrong Mr. and Mrs. Richard C. Dunn Mr. Paul J. Azzara Grace Ceriotti and Bernadette Serati Mr. and Mrs. Clarence C. Barksdale Mr. and Mrs. Walter G. Stern Richard and Ruthanne Bulloc Ms. Andrea Bullock Joseph Blake Deutsch & Eden Meskin Deutsch Dr. and Mrs. Erol Amon Ellen and Henry Dubinsky Mr. and Mrs. David W. Terris Ms. Scarlett Lee Foster Mr. and Mrs. Mark Townsend Mrs. Lois Friedman Mr. and Mrs. Herbert M. Talcoff Dr. Gil Grand Mr. and Mrs. Rick Halpern Frank and Kathleen Hallenbeck The Tebeau Family Mr. and Mrs. Larry Kamber Mr. and Mrs. Roger H. Volk Mr. Edwin Kimker Ms. Carol R. Derington Elke and Paul Koch Alan Gerstein and Ilene Wittels Dr. Joel Koenig Dr. and Mrs. Erol Amon Mr. Eugene J. Mackey III The Regional Business Council Mrs. Beulah Mattson Mrs. Charlotte Mahnken Ms. Helen McCallie Ms. Ann T. Eggebrecht Ms. Lynn McGoogan Ms. Sharon Yorker Mr. Albert M. Melman Dr. and Mrs. Eric Berla Mr. and Mrs. Lawrence M. Raskin Mr. and Mrs. Herbert M. Talcoff Georganne Nixon Dr. Therese Ann Miller Mrs. Joyce Pass Mrs. Tatie Reese Mr. Paul T. Putzel Mr. and Mrs. Louis D. Cohen Dr. and Mrs. Joseph F. Ruwitch, Jr. Master Ben Rauh Mr. and Mrs. Ronald E. Rauh Ze Dr. Patricia Raven Boxwood Society of the Midwest Dr. Peter Raven Boxwood Society of the Midwest Mr. Richard B. Rosenthal Mrs. Mary Baer Fisher Mrs. Ellen Ross Ms. Janet Harris Amia Rose Scheibel Ms. Sara Scheibe Doris I. Schnuck Children’s Garden Mr. and Mrs. William R. Orthwein, Jr Mrs. Peggy Ms. Mr. Louis R. Stark Ms. Jackie Juras A. Scott Laura M. Peterson Tiger Mr. and Mrs. Peter D. Van Cleve Mrs. cere rile Mrs. meee Duv: In Memory of Mr. he ter Alders Ms. Janet Senn Mrs. Merna Alexander Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Szydlowski Mr. Kenneth Andereck Ms. Lynn K. Silence Violet Arnold Friends of Howard Arnold . Gustave Aufricht The pea Foundation Mr. Bo Axelrod Mr. and Mrs. Thomas S. Lambert Mrs. Germaine Barnard Mrs. Vickie Kop Mrs. Ellen J. Barnes Mr. and Mrs. B. Everett Gray Mrs. Helen J. Bascomb Mr. and Mrs. Christopher K. Reid Mr. Carl iin Ms. Ta e Mr. a Mos. Gerald M. Riscoe Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin and Mrs. William F. Springer State Street Ban Mr. and Mrs. Douglas H. Wilton Miss Kate Besse Laura Branstetter Sascha Duran Mrs. Anita Frielingsdorf tl Xobert O. Little aie janes - Marian Phelps Family Joan Bolger’s father Dr. and Mrs. Leonard J. Guarraia Mrs. Mildred Borsch Mr. and Mrs. Jay Steinback manda Brauchle Wren Hollow Elementary Staff Mrs. Helen Elizabeth Bremer Mrs. Mary Alice Schmidt Mrs. Margaret Jones Bricker Mrs. Teel R. Ackerman Mr. and Mrs. Ken McKelvie Mrs. Alice Hannah Brown Sehgal Family Foundation Mrs. Rita Bubela Mr. and Mrs. Rick Halpern Ms. Florence Aileen Bunton Bill & Carla Burdette rs. Helen C. Burgoon Mrs. Dolores M. Wente Ruth Elizabeth Burke Anders, Minkler & Diehl LLP M res = Caldwell Soulard ie Mr. Seth A. Carlin Dr. Gregory A. Storch rs. Rosemary H. Carraher Mr. and Mrs. Ronald A. Hagenow Mr. William F. Clendenin Mr. and Mrs. James E. Clark, Jr. Mr. Joseph E. Cognac Mr. and Mrs. C. A. Case, Jr. Ellen and Henry Dubinsky Ms. Mary B. Elbert Lents and Associates Peggy Lents Mrs. J. M. Leonhardt Members’ Board of the Missouri Botanical Garden Marsha and Bill Rusn Bobby D. Sanderson a Mr. and Mrs. Walter G. Stern Mr. and Mrs. Robert P. Tschudy Mr. Sidney S. Cohen and Mrs. Sadie M. Cohen Mrs. Helen C. Gabriel Mr. Bob Collins Mr. and Mrs. Bernard Reinert Nee Elizabeth Joyce Comer and Mrs. John Thompson . Helen Connelly Mr. and Mrs. Newell A. Baker Dr. and Mrs. John C. Martz Mr. Michael Cox Childgrove Country Dancers Mr. Ed Creek, Jr. Ms. Jackie Juras Summer 2009 Mrs. Ethyl May Crosswaite rs. Francis C. Corley Mr. Damaris E. Marszalek Mrs. Tabitha ae Dr. Carolyn A. P Mr. John Dale Mr. and Mrs. Jerry Fischer Ms. Judy K. Servais Dr. Robert David Deufel Mr. Eric J. Knudsen Mr. Mrs. Lorraine Laiderman ssman Gertrude Dunbarr Mrs. Linda Trost Jillian Edwards Mr. Dennis Boemker rianna Shee Erker “Pip iper and Mrs. Thomas J. Purcell, Jr. Mr. William J. Evans, Jr. Mr. and ats Daniel L. eee Mr. Stanley William Feist Mary Feist Ms. Mary Ellen Fleck Ms. Nancy S. Swobod . Diana Flow he ao mt ce ayle Thomason Vernon Franke Mrs. Ilene D. Murray Mrs. Dorothy Wharton amble uy Je Ar aderson The Bruce H ae vee Mrs. Wilton L. Manewal, Jr. Mrs. Nancy Perry mi Mrs. Reuben M. Morr Mr. and Mrs. John K. ae r. and Mrs. Francis M. Oates Ms. Nor. Rip ne ee Ms. Jan Simons Mr. and Mrs. J. Edgar Withrow Lynn Withrow Mr. Lloyd N. Gaus Bethesda Orchard Residents’ Association Goddard George Ann Huck r. and Mrs. Kenneth Tharpe ee Govero Mr. Van Meyer Mrs. Lucille Green r. and Mrs. George E. Mendelsohn Marianne Gregory Mrs. Dolores M. Wente Mrs tee R. Arn Ethel W. Hagen Gryting Dr. and Mrs. Philip L. Huddleston Ms. Cinda L. Kohls Mrs. He Literary Ladies Mr. Robert Hanson Mr. and Mrs. Daniel L. Gravens gare Blanke Grigg Mr. Elon Clark gece Mr. and Mrs. Newell A. Bak len L. Hannon Mary Nyssen Harmon Mr. and Mrs. Michael Reda Ms. Marion Helms Mr. and Mrs. Charles E. Jones Miss Jean Mrs. Ann T. Metcalfe Drs. Peter and Patricia Raven E. Hermann Eckhard Heyder r. Dr. Sue Tretter Mrs. Hele Mr. and Mrs. Todd Hilliker n Hilliker - Dolores Hoelker Mrs Mr. and Mrs. Raymond J. Beck Mrs. Marjorie Hogan Mr. and Mrs. Richard Barber Mrs. Barbara B. Holekamp Mr. and Mrs. — R. Appel ichard H. Butsch i ar P. Hampton III ee aul H. Hatfield Mr. and Mrs. William Poncez Kip and Linda Whit Mrs. Clarisse C. Ho St. Luke Lutheran Church istry kins Children’s Ministr Mrs. Patricia Horton Dr. and Mrs. Robert Dunn, Jr. Mrs. Marilyn Hotze Ms. Pauline G. Hotze-Mitton . Linda Howenstein es eer Thompson Mrs. Rebecca Wells Jones Dr. and Mrs. Walter F. Ballinger II Mr. and Mrs. John E. le Mr. and Mrs. Charles P. R Mrs. Caroline G. Upthegrove Mr. and Mrs. “ nK. ay lses Jr. Mrs. ee. Mrs. Mary Ann ae Lat Keller, Mr. Eric Dr. William B. Feis erry and Jane Flanagan Mr. Ernie Gaines . Scott A. en r. and Mrs. 5 Gordon ane Griffith Mr. John Hartman R Mrs. Sep M. Huber — a aie Families or ae Life and Securian r. Dave Mishler Mr. and Mrs. Albert Morgenthaler Miss Christine Morgenthaler r. and Mrs. ruce Nethington Mr. David S. bedi and Ms. Clare M. Davis H. Geoffrey Peterson Sansone Group Jackie Scherrer and Noelle Lopez ee-Jay Cement Contracting Co., Inc. The Vitale Family Mr. John Wilson Mr. Gregory A. Wolf Henry and Dorothy Kisslinger Judy K. Servais Mrs. — ne Ms. Judy K. S Mrs. Ruth Franklin Kistner Dr. and Mrs. James R. Wiant . Christin K. Klaber Mr. and Mrs. Walter G. Stern Mr. Arthur L. Kniffen, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. James L. Hawkins Mrs. Stella Kombol Michele and Stephen Melnick Colonel Michael V. Krueger Mr. and Mrs. James H. Charow Mr. Robert C. Laciny Steve and Emilie Aly and Rat Hayes r. and Mrs. oe G. Bahr b Cov r. and ha as Devers r. Scott Dodson r. and he Ben P. Donnell en ine . J. Klev a Ka Ao pee and nabelle Laciny Mrs. ee ee Rick Neher y Mr. and Mrs. William C. Ulz Mr. Glenn Walsh Mr. Norman Lambert r. at s. Jerry Bent Tammy Funk, Wanda Kiefer. and Barry Denton r. St. Louis CIC-AMWA Chaptle Mrs. Dolores Lansche Mr. and Mrs. Newell A. Baker Mrs. Doris I. Schnuck Mr. William F. Lawton Mr. Matt Dimmic Dr. Julia Frugoli and Kurtz Dr. Eladia Leon Dr. Gregory A. Storch (Create aleciG,, Leaving a bequest to the Garden creates a legacy that will benefit others for generations to come. If you have already included the Garden in your estate plans, we hope that you will share this information with us. We would like to express our gratitude and welcome you into the Heritage Society. Of course, your wishes for anonymity are respected. Please call (314) 577-9495 for further information, or visit our website at www.mobot.org. Click on Donate, then Planned Giving. . Henry Lerner The Daniel and Henry Company Mr. and Mrs. Thomas J. Purcell, Jr. Mrs. Josephine Woods Lewis Mr. and Mrs. Larry Va Mrs. Betty Jane Linck Mr. and bie ane K. Reid Mrs. Fannie Mari Mr. and Mrs. Larry nee Carol Marks Dr. Anne L. Draznin Dr. Daniel Joseph M Mr. and Mrs. Daniel L. a. Dr. Wayne ‘“‘Packy” McFarland Mrs. Louis E. Sauer Ray and Louise McLane Mr. and Mrs. Duane Huff Mr. Robert H. McRoberts, Jr. Mr. ad Mrs. John W. Shepley Mrs. Mary Katherine M urphy Mr. and Mrs. Donald Martin Mr. James F. Neu Mr. and ve eee ‘Shs Mr. and Mrs. Robert P. Tschud Mr. Tadasu Nobechi Friends of Haruko Bresnahan Mrs. Mr. Daniel C Ms. Lana Pepper Ms. Patricia H. Schlafly Mrs. Jeanne Oehler Mrs. Shirley Robert Mr. Carl O. Olfe Dr. and Mrs. Douglas Beal Mr. and Mrs. Steven P. Bou mee Bean Obata Mr. an Ganim, Medex Childers & Hoering, P.C. Mr. and Mrs. David C. Olfe Mrs. Marjorie Olfe Mrs. Marie L. Wolz and Ms. Thesesa Wolz Mr. An ee ada Mr. and Mrs. P utzel Mrs. Irene M. Orlando Wren Hollow Elementary Staff Mrs. Juanita Oswald Ms. Darlene Engel Mrs. Lauri Louise Parks Ms. ee Bambrick Mr. and Mrs. Richard W. Fournier Ms. Soundra L. Green Mr. and Mrs. Richard H. Mayer Nord er Mr. and Mrs. Terry F. Sumski Millie Peters Dr. Anne L. Draznin r. John Peterson Mr. and Mrs. Charles P. Reay Mr. Patrick J. Potts Dr. and Mrs. Richard B. Whiting Ms. Patricia A. Povich Mr. and Mrs. Eric R. Weidmann Summer 2009 Mother of Joan Powell Sweet Violets Garden Club Mrs. Margaret McDonald Priest Mr. and Mrs. Jules L. Pass Edna Pritchett Mrs. Ilene D. Murray Mrs. Ceil Reh Dr. and Mrs. Gary Kulak Mr. Edward Renshaw Mr. and Mrs. B. Everett Gray Mrs. Betty Jean Renth Mr. and Mrs. Norman W. Hall Mr. H. William Robert Mrs. H. William Robert Rocky Ann T. Eggebrecht Mrs. Gerry Rubenstein Mr. and Mrs. Rick Halpe Mrs. Idah Rubi Dr. and Mrs. Hillard Cohen Mr. Lewis H. Sachs and Mrs. Chuck Clark ae Properties Inc. Mr. Jerome Saeman Mr. and Mrs. All Dr. Luis Salinas Mr. and Mrs. a Kirke Multi Service, Inc Manage Collection en Myers USDA Departm Mr. oie ain Mr. Robert E. ais ais Patricia R. Sax Ms. Jackie Juras Dr. Wilfred B. Schofield Mr. Robert R. Ireland Walter and Lillie Sebold Mrs. H. William Robert Mr. Jackson ees taie aa Mrs. Alexander M Mrs. Carol C. The Ladies of the Bon Marche yndic Mrs. =e Broth a M Mr. and Me gars Mr. and Mrs. A. ae an, Jr. Mrs. een ae enks : aa il calf n, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Raymond W. Peters II Mr. Roy Pfautch Mr. and Mrs. Charles P. Reay Mr. ea Mrs. ee K. Wallace, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Barry Zeigler Mrs. Ruth Harms Skinner Mr. and Mrs. B. Everett Gray Mr. and Mrs. Randy D. Provance Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin Teri Anne Slavin Mr. and Mrs. Walter G. Stern Robert S. Small r. and Mrs. James D. Montonye Ms. Lynn K. Silen t. Louis a on Staff Associatio Ms. Edwina Smith Mr. Karl E. Deibe Mr. Robert Walter Smith Mr. and Mrs. Richard Kautzman Mr. a Willard Sn OW The sane Family Mark and Ann Marie Brazinski Ms. Genevie encer Miss pecan A. ai Mr. and Mrs. Ray a te Mrs. Geraldine Stalzer p Mr. and Mrs. John G. Gross Mrs. Elenor Strauss and Mandy Strauss Wayne, Fran, Carrie and Paul Garver Mr. pee ae Tainter Mr. vad Mrs. Arthur F. Tainter Betty Ann Taylor Ms. Jennifer L. Taylor LCpl. Eric J. Thoma, USMC Mr. and Mrs. rent Thoma Mrs. Jane P. Thoma Mr. and re eee aoe Ms. Sarah J. Snel Cailyn Thompson The Muench, Nichter, Jacobs, and Heller Families Mr. Thomas G hompson Mrs. Helen A. Thompson Mrs. Maurine Tien Ms. Susan K. Graf Jody Traylo Mr. and Mrs. aa Dufty Mrs. hele Mac Tschappler Mrs. Edith E. Graber Mrs. Karen D. Waggoner- ucey Mrs. Alijda Barendregt Mrs. Eleanor Mastin Ward Mrs. Frances H. Jones Mr. Robert X. Weidenbenner Mrs. Louis E. Sauer Mr. Daniel White Mr. and Mrs. Donald L. Ross Mary Ellen Buchanan Whiteside Ms. Wendy M. Wells Mrs. Dora oe Witt- Fredricks Mrs. Corrine Gace Kingsley (Skip) Wright Mr. Kingsley O. Wright, Sr. 23 Mr. Harry E. Wuertenbaecher, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Donald W. Anthon Patricia R. Arno Barbara Barenholtz and Milton Hieken eet Sone ie LLC Mr. and Mrs. J. Rodney Bryan Mr. and Mis. J. J. Landers Carnal Mr. and Mrs. C. A e, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. jeceok ’ Cac dM Mr. and Mrs. ane Mr. and Mrs. Quint Drennan, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. John M. Drescher, Jr. Dr. and Mrs. Clay Dunagan Mr. and Mrs. Howard Elliott, Jr. r . Desloge 8s a Robert T. Hensley, Jr. r. and Mrs. Frederick A Hermann, Jr r. and Mrs. A. Charles Hiemenz III Mrs. Arthur C. Hiemenz, Jr. Dr. and Mrs. J. Joseph Horan Mr. and Mrs. James H. Howe III Mr. and Mrs. Newell S. Knight, Jr. Mrs. Martin Kodn Mr. and Mrs. C hatles E. Kopman June and Fred Kumme ee Stock ss Mr. and Mrs. John illy r. and Mrs. omen Lincoff ne The nae amil Carolyn in Losos Mr. and M nneth A. Marshall rtin Mr. and Mrs. Lucius B. Morse III Ms. Susan ae Ms. Jan Pas Mr. and Mrs. ie effrey H. Pas Mr. and M: = Tho) ar , Jr. M rs. Reisner, Jr. aa Mrs. Christopher R. Be ther Mrs. Frances W. Remington Mr. and Mrs. John R. Roberts Mr. and Mrs. Jim Rosen Members’ Entry Court Miss bee, D. Schaefer Mr. and Leo B Mrs. Schmid Mr. and Mrs. Schnuck Mr. and Mrs. Roger wab Mr. and Mrs. Edwin G. Shifrin Ms. Pamela ie Mrs. Carole Simon Mr. William W Sivy St. Peter’s Playgro . and Mrs. Rober Staniforth Mr. and Mrs ter G. Ster Mr. and Mrs. Clarence M Turley, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Charles D. Van Dyke Mr. and Mrs. John K. Wallace, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Frank P. Wolff, Jr Mr. and Mrs. Charles Wulfing Mr. Samuel Zibit Mr. and Mrs. Finkelson Mrs. Irene Zielmann Mr. and Mrs. Scott Hale Mr. Joseph Zimmerman Pat and a ardin Jerry and Mary Robinson Barb and Lonnie Bailey Bricks dedicated at the Garden January through March 2009. Engraved clay bricks and signature bronze bricks are a wonderful way to commemorate any special occasion, as well as final memorials. For additional information regarding the Garden’s brick program, please contact the Institutional Advancement Office at (314) 577-0291 or visit www.mobot.org. Signature Bronze Bricks Frances FitzGibbons Ms. Dorothy R. Almon Mr. and Mrs. James R. Berryhill Mrs. Renee Bohall Ms. Sharon Byerly Mr. and Mrs. Neil DeForest, Jr. Mr. ane Mrs. Frank J. Dillman Elsev: Ms. a FitzGibbons Mr. and Franklin Naive Miss Kris eenetien © Jacqueline A. Weigel Mr. and Mrs. Jeffrey D. Backowski Ms. Anne-Laure view Gimstini Mr. and Mrs. David A. Laramie Ms. Stacy Nicholson Ms. Catherine J. Pratt 24 Fern, Larry, Karen, Steve, and acey Schriefer M . Barbara a Mr. Robert E Mr. and Mrs. ae Weigel Engraved Clay poe Shirley Bacon Mr. and Mrs. Keith Bacon Deanne and Gordon Mr. J. Richard Cone Donald A. Dallas Helen ch Dallas Helen T. Dallas Ms. aes Fuchs Skippy D Mr. and Mrs. oe Bentley Mr. and Mrs. Rob Dennis and Devin Ms. Valerie Dennis Frankie Muse Freeman an a coma Park and Mus eum Dist Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin r. an rs. Tewrenee Schriefer A. . and Mrs. Richard D. Weigel Brown Mr. and Mrs. Gordon R. Brown J. Richard and Phyllis Cone John Joseph Hagan Yasmin Hagan Mounir Mr. and Mrs. Joseph C. Hagan Mary Jane Hennon Mr. Glenn E. Kopp Linda S. Koch Mr. and Mrs. Steven F. Leer Roberta Lyon May Mr. Richard C. May n Paul’s Supermarket Audra Claire Schmitt Mr. and Mrs. Ronald E. Rauh Irv and Vivian Siegel Mr. Irv D. Siegel Robert S. Small, Jr. Ms. Linda K. Small Mr. James Small Anna Marie Kuhn Surovik Ms. Janis Kuhn-Little Summer 20009 y) Tributes & Pavers To learn more about these opportunities, call (314) 577-0291 or visit www.butterflyhouse.org. Tributes and Pavers dedicated at the Sophia M. Sachs Butterfly House January through March 2009. Tributes Pavers In Memory of Anna Bauer Bruce and Jackie Cooper Mr. James eat Foley, Jr. Ms. Judith A. Ros Mrs. Louise Hester Ms. Helen Van Derhyden Carson Lee Mann Mr. Phil Galante Dr. Jules M. Snitzer Tammy Balch Mr. and Mrs. James G. Berges Diann Bomkamp Paula Carlton Linda Carron Dr. and Mrs. Patrick J. Cavanaugh Mr. and Mrs. Bruce A. Cramer Mr. Stephen E. Cupples Mrs. Marilyn Fries Florence Giles Jai-Jai, Sandy, and Alex Goldstein Mr. and Mrs. Albert J. Haller Ms. Jackie Juras Linda Keller Lucy L. Lopata Mr. and Mrs. James P. O’Grady Mrs. Elizabeth Papagianis Dr. and Mrs. Jame Mrs. Jean Racowsky Ms. Judith A. Rosen Dr. and Mrs. Douglas K. Ross Sherry Salmieri-Rumfelt Dr. and Mrs. James W. Scott Dr. and Mrs. George D s R. Payne Selfridge and Family Ms. Suzanne Lee Sicher Dr. and Mrs. Fredric M. Simowitz Dr. and mS Lari D. Slane Weidenbaum Kaiden and Kennedy Wengler Kris and Mark Survant Grace Barch Ms. Barbara A. Aylward Betty and Rick Dopuch Mr. Charles R. Dopuch Jim Foley, Jr. Richard and Gayle Mueller Mark and Jeanne Naeger Tony and Jackie Naeger Julie A. Newell Mr. Ronald E. Newell : harlene ae Joe Session, Jr. Dr. Lisa Romkema Dr. Jules M. Snitzer Dr. and Mrs. Eliot B. Hoffman Mr. and Mrs. Howard I Hoffman Mrs. Mildred oe Mr. Stuart Z and Ms. Rita R. ae Jules Snitzer Mr. and Mrs. Eric P. Newman Mike and Jessica ullivan Mr. and Mrs. Ronald M. Smith Bette Taxman r. and Mrs. Paul Taxman James Wilds Mr. and Mrs. Robert Wilds ~. wlll LN Hy) Eating out? The finest table in town might be as close as the backyard. Summer's the perfect time to grill and entertain with family and friends. The Garden Gate Shop has everything you'll need to make your get-together a real celebration. You can also . Questions or comments, call us at (314) 577-0865. y GARDEN GATE SHOP.ORG All proceeds benefit the Missouri Botanical Garden. ‘PSIS-LLS (pL¢) Teo “uonetuozur IO ‘drysiaquisut/S10'JOGOUr MMM FISTA Io 30ds Ino 9AIISOI 01 0/S6-LLS (PIE) Ie ‘(spucty Suno ZX s10j YG¢ ‘s1oquiour 1OJ N9$) OL$ ‘SIONPLT, “UopreH oy} 3 sIrah OG] oerqopso 07 Aeme yYSsTU oy sour, ‘oisnur AJSATT pue pooy ysis Jo SUIUDAD UP YIM SoU poos ayeIqoqo7) uorplavg ayurds “wd OF-OL 1 0€:9 ‘Lg aunt ‘Avpanjvs & sourq souurq s343IN JOWUUINSpIA -JUVAY SIOquroyA] ‘uoou pure “Ure TT ‘OT “6 3 pareyo sino} dnois yews ‘o9ejso AQUNOD s_MeYS AIUD JOpunoj ‘asNOPFY 9AOID JOMO TJ, SUIPNOUL YOLISIC] UPIIOIOT A, ULOIsUd OTT 3} JO Ino) pey-yussop e Aofuq ISNOFT dao) samo J. ‘Uuoou oJ “WD 6 “LJ aun{ ‘Avpsaupayy &} PMsIG UeEOIIA oy) JO moy, Vy :Aeq sisquispy ‘sfieJop 1OF otIsqom sag “(QST$ Ose Uopsleyy S$ UeIP[YD) OS T$ JO worssrtupe poonpod yeroods & 19}JO 0} pasvoyd ose om ‘AIesIOATUUR YIQG] SUsprey oy) jo JoUCY U] jo1OUr YON pure VYSsTU 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Box 299 + St. Louis, MO 63166-0299 POSTAGE PAID AT Check if appropriate: ST. LOUIS, MO CL) My name is misspelled CL) My address is incorrect CII received more than one copy QI I no longer wish to receive the Bulletin QI Send me the online version instead. Please clip this address panel and mail it to us, noting your request or simply send an e-mail to membership@mobot.org. Worried about highway construction? The Garden is... Over 20 feet across and 6 feet high with a cuckoo clock, our historic floral clock features a 21st-century twist: clean, renewable solar power. Plantings WHAT TIME Is IT? change with the seasons through October. Don’t miss it! Support provided by TIME TO VISIT THE GARDEN! {&. and Mrs. William R. Orthwein, Jr. 4 ey Pa oe SE aes | photo by Kristi Foster President’s Comment The Missouri Botanical Garden is Henry Shaw’s living gift to the city of St. Louis and to the world. Like all living things, it has grown and evolved over its lifetime, yet has remained faithful to Shaw’s vision when he founded the Garden “for all time for the public good.” While he might not recognize many of the physical changes that have taken place at the Garden over the last 150 years, Henry Shaw would certainly recognize the magnificent sassafras grove that gave his country home, Tower Grove, its name. The grove has endured since Shaw’s lifetime, along with several other trees, all of which can still be seen when you visit the Garden today. This summer we continued our yearlong celebration of the Garden’s sesquicentennial anniversary with a number of events, including our May 30 gala, The Garden Comes Alive. Thanks to the support of sponsors including Emerson, Anheuser-Busch, and Maritz, the Garden truly did come alive for a memorable evening (see pages 6-7). More than 450 guests attended the event, which generated over $717,000 to support the Garden’s mission. The celebratory spirit continues this fall thanks to the efforts of individuals like Nora Stern and Ellen Dubinsky, the co-chairs of the Best of Missouri Market®, which takes place this year on October 3—4 and showcases some of the finest edible and artistic creations our state has to offer. The autumnal equinox on September 22 marks the end of summer, and as we look forward to the change of season, we welcome Robert Hermann, Jr., and Marsha Rusnack, two new members of our board of trustees. We also mourn the passing of architect Phil Cotton, whose work for historic preservation lives on in many of the landmarks on the Garden grounds, in Tower Grove Park, and throughout the region. As we prepare for the next 150 years of the Garden, we look for ways to further our mission and to help people make sustainable choices for the future. Whether through environmentally friendly lawn-care practices or switching from disposable plastic water bottles to refillable containers, small choices can yield big results as we all work to meet the challenges of global climate change and make the best decisions for people, plants, and the planet. pair V. Rasen Dr. Peter H. Raven, President Lh Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin To discover and share knowledge about plants and their environment, in order to preserve and enrich life. — mission of the Missouri Botanical Garden Board of Trustees Officers Chair Mr. Nicholas L. Reding Vice Chair Carolyn W. Losos President Dr. Peter H. Raven Members Mrs. Walter F. Ballinger I Mr. Barrett A. Toan Ex Officio The Rev. Lawrence Biondi, SJ. he Hon. Charlie A. Doole org Wayne Smi Mr. Richard T. Sullivan, Jr. Dr. Mark S. Wrighton Members Emer: r. Clarence c ee Mr. M. Peter Fischer Fall 2000 Mrs. Marilyn Fox opata Mr. Douglas B. MacCarthy Mr. James S. ad Domne! WI te Mr. O. Sage Wightman III Mrs. Raymond H. Wittcoff Honorary Trustees Dr. Werner Greuter Dr. Surinder M. Sehgal Members’ Bo ard Mrs. David ase President Ms. Carol Agatst Mrs. Daniel Herren Mrs. James F. Hoffmeister rs. James E. Hullverson Y. Jones r. Fredric Rissover rs. Zsolt Rum rs. William C. Lee rs. Joseph F. Ruwitch R Mrs. Eric R. Weidmann Botanical Garden Subdistrict of the Metropolitan Zoological Park and Museum District Antoinette Baile n Charles A. Stewart, Jr. Marjorie M. Wer oe Flame, Sr. lary B. Zimmerman Non-voting advisory members: Willie J. Meadows Janice M. Nelson James H. Yemm What’s Inside... 5-9 The Grove & The Tower Sassafras dates back to the time of Henry Shaw Climate Change High-Altitude Plants in Ecuador Struggle to Adapt t2—15 Creating Landscapes for Wildlife Native Plants Enhance Departments Presidents Comment. «65.c+cq042 e448 2 INES or saute atid a ae na See ae eee 4 NOMI grate re of aap a Gone Ake 9 In ¥ owrGarden- NOW .3.6.40.e¢.607 245 14 Carden ne a eee a ok 16 Greet TAA cai oop ai te we Se ae 17 PAUCANOW we cao aieee ee eee eS 18 Farby Of Attractions: +.i.¢c07 e2et6G 19 DOs Oa. eon eee eee Gta ed 22 Byers cc Calendar: . 223644 3oe43 sa 26 Ready to Go Electronic? New in 2009, the Bulletin is available as a downloadable PDF for viewing onscreen on your computer, iPhone, etc. Sign up for the new online version by sending an e-mail to membership@mobot.org. Let us know if you'd like to forego your paper subscription to save trees. n the Co Garden Hours nt ver: Bald cypress, Taxodium distichum Photographer: Lauren Kirkwood Credits Editor: Jeff Ricker Designer: Ellen Flesch 2009 Missouri Botanical Garden The Bulletin is a benefit of Garden membership. The BULLETIN (ISSN 0026-6507) is published quarterly by the Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Blvd., St. Louis, MO 63110. Periodicals postage paid at St. Louis, M POSTMASTER: Please send address changes to Bulletin, Missouri Botanical Garden, P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, MO 63166-0299 Open daily 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. (Closed December 25.) Parking is free General Admission Adults $8; Members and children 12 and under free * Special events require an additional fee. Se isitors, with pr ssi oF ene, receive a bd po | ened ys (a | ke < mornings until noon (unless special event pricing Bes nord Contacts Switchboard (314) 577-5100 (8 a.m. to 5 p.m. M-F) 24-Hour Event Hotline (314) 577-9400 Website: www.mobot.org Garden Gate Shop: www.gardengateshop.org Members’ Online Ticket Code Enter your membership number and the code henryshaw. Fall 2009 Biodiversity Ss Sustainability Statement S/ The Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin is printed on paper containing 100% post-consumer recycled content, that is, paper that you might have placed in the recycle bin in your home or office this year. It is manufactured using wind power, a renewable energy source. We print locally, so there is no long-haul ae Taha and we're reinvesting in our community. We work hard to choose t most environmentally responsible paper around. So if you aren’t quite ready to go completely electronic with our online version, you can still enjoy your paper Bulletin in good conscience. Once you’ve read it, please recycle. FSC Logo Here (Box FPO only) Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin 3 Take back the tap! Did you know that in 2007, at a blind tasting competition by the U.S. Conference of Mayors, St. Louis took home the “Best Tasting City Water in America” award? St. Louis water also meets or exceeds all federal and state regulations. Garden staff, volunteers, and visitors are encouraged to “Take Back the Tap” by quenching their thirst at Garden water fountains and by using refillable water bottles. Refillable water bottles are now sold at the Garden Gate Shop, Sassafras Café, Terrace Café, and the Children’s Garden. All water at in-house Garden meetings 1s served in reusable pitchers, and bottled water 1s no longer sold in employee vending machines. Plastic bottled beverages are simply not sustainable. According to the Earth Policy Institute, U.S. plastic bottle production requires more than 17 million barrels of oil. About 86 percent of those Refillable bottles are now on sale at the Garden. empty bottles land in the garbage instead of being recycled. To learn more about the environmental impact of bottled water and what others are doing to promote tap water, go to www.takebackthetap.org/learn-more/environment. Garden President Dr. Peter Raven poses with Fredbird and Cardinals pitcher ' PJ. Walters before throwing out the ceremonial first pitch at Busch Stadium. Batter up! Dr. Peter Raven can add “pitcher” to his résumé. The Garden president threw out the first pitch at the St. Louis Cardinals’ home game against the Detroit Tigers on Tuesday, June 16. The Cards went on to win the game 11-2. Garden named Horticultural Landmark The Missouri Botanical Garden was awarded the Horticultural Landmark designation by the American Society for Horticultural Science. The honor is bestowed upon the highest tier of horticultural sites around the world. Historical, scientific, aesthetic, or environmental sites are selected for their horticultural excellence. The award was presented July 28 at a special ceremony in Spink Pavilion during the society’s annual conference held this year in St. Louis. Welcome, New Trustees Marsha Rusnack’s community involvement has included work for 27 organizations and causes, especially those devoted to education and the arts. Since moving to St. Louis with her husband, Bill Rusnack, CEO of Clark Oil Co., in 1998, she has served on the Garden’s Members’ Board and was the group’s president in 2003 and 2004. She has chaired or co-chaired numerous Garden events, including the Wing Ding Gala for the Butterfly House in 2004. In addition, she is a former president of the Friends Board at the Saint Louis Art Museum and current trustee of the Museum; former chairman of the Albert Einstein Society and former gala committee member at the Saint Louis Science Center; member of the Saint Louis Zoo Friends Board; and member of the nominating committee and award selection committee for the Arts and Education Council. Robert R. Hermann, Jr., is chairman and chief executive of Hermann Companies, Inc. The company, founded in 1962 and headquartered in Clayton, produces plastic packaging for the retail food service and food processor industries, as well as institutional and supermarket films and microwaveable packaging. A graduate of Princeton University, Hermann has served on the boards of First National Bank of St. Louis and Central Bancompany, Inc. of Missouri. In addition to serving on the boards of the Saint Louis Zoo, St. Louis Children’s Hospital, Municipal Theatre Association of St. Louis, Community School, and the endowment committee for St. Peter’s Episcopal Church, he serves on the Garden’s Sesquicentennial, Finance, and Sustainability committees of the board of trustees. 4 Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin — Fall 2009 Garden Receives AAM Re-accreditation The Garden has earned re-accreditation from the American Association of Museums, the highest national recognition for a museum. The accreditation recognizes the Garden for its commitment to excellence in governance, collections stewardship, public programs, financial stability, high professional standards, and continued institutional improvement. The Garden has been accredited for the past three decades and is one of only 11 museums accredited in the state of Missouri. Olga Martha Montiel, vice president of Conservation and Sustainable Development, chaired the accreditation effort and managed the detailed process on behalf of the Garden. Power of Plants winner Congratulations to Lauren Epley, from St. Francis of Assisi Middle School in St. Louis, who was photo by Brent Johnston the grand prize winner winner Lauren Epley in the Garden’s first ever Power of Plants contest. The contest challenged individuals and groups in kindergarten through twelfth grades to creatively tell the story of an amazing plant “superhero” through a two- or three-dimensional work of art. Lauren won a $1,000 savings bond for her innovative spin on the vanilla bean plant. Her winning entry inspired the superhero mascot for the 2009-2010 Power of Plants contest, which is sponsored by the Monsanto Fund. For more information, visit www.mobot.org/power. Gateway Greening Turns 25 Gateway Greening, the organization promoting community gardening in the St. Louis area, is celebrating its silver anniversary with the release of 25 Years of Gateway Greening. The book covers the history of the organization and includes an afterword by Garden president, Dr. Peter Raven. Copies can be purchased at Gateway Greening’s headquarters, 2200 Washington Ave., or by mail. For information, visit, www.gatewaygreening.org. In Memoriam: W. Philip Conon, |e (1932—2009) Architect W. Philip Cotton, Jr., who played an instrumental role in the historic restoration of numerous structures both at the Garden and at Tower Grove Park over more than three Gecadesedicd jute 17, 2009. A graduate of Princeton University, Mr. Cotton was one of the St. Louis region’s earliest historic preservation pioneers. His work at the Garden can be seen most notably in his design for the Piper Observatory, based on the observatory Henry Shaw had built in Tower Grove Park in 1877. He was also instrumental in renovations of the Museum Building, Shoenberg Administration Building, and Tower Grove House. At Tower Grove Park, Mr. Cotton was the primary architect for restoration projects, most notably the park’s collection of Victorian- era recreational pavilions. “He personally supervised, researched, and developed the plans for almost all of the important restoration projects,” said park Director John Karel. “And he did so with meticulous attention to detail, scrupulous integrity, exemplary dedication, and a commitment to quality and to accuracy that was an inspiration to everyone here.” photo by Paul Straatmann NEwsS Citygarden Blooms Downtown The look of downtown St. Louis was transformed July 1 with the opening of Citygarden. The 2.9 acre urban oasis on the Gateway Mall was developed by the Gateway Foundation in partnership with the City of St. Louis and houses 24 works of sculpture. The Citygarden design team consulted with Missouri Botanical Garden horticulture staff on plant material selection, emphasizing native Missouri trees, shrubs, grasses, groundcovers, and wildflowers, with consideration for tolerance of local conditions as well as advice on irrigation. In addition, Garden staff will continue to provide support to the maintenance staff of the garden and grounds. For more information, visit www.citygardenstl.org. » ‘#4 = @ Dr. Raven with Sen. Claire McCaskill (left) and Rep. Russ Carnahan (right). Legislators Attend Conference at Garden U.S. Sen. Claire McCaskill and U.S. Rep. Russ Carnahan both attended the Third Annual Midwest Energy and Climate Policy Conference held at the Garden June 1—2 in association with REGFORM—Regulatory Environmental Group for Missouri—the St. Louis RCGA, and the Iinois Chamber of Commerce. The conference brought together experts from around the country to discuss energy and climate policy as it impacts the Midwest. Garden Researcher Alan Graham Wins Awards Dr. Alan Graham, Curator of Paleobotany & Palynology at the Garden, received the Botanical Society of America Merit Award in July for his lifetime of work on the origins and history of tropical vegetation. The Merit Award is the Botanical Society’s highest honor, which it awards to individuals who have demonstrated excellence and/or provided exceptional service to the botanical community in basic research, education, and public policy. Dr. Graham also received the Asa Gray Award from the American Society of Plant Taxonomists. In honoring him, the society noted Dr. Grahams extensive publications, which include 118 scientific articles, two sole-authored books, and two co-edited and co-authored books. Fall 2009 Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin 5 photos by Jasmine Elzy and Paul Straatmann The Garden Comes Alive Guests at The Garden Comes Alive gala at the Missouri ane Ny ve Botanical Garden enjoyed cocktails amid the roses, a dinner \ Pe 6 8 nA ie x overlooking the Garden’s lovely reflecting pools, and an iy \ Seve *\ Shee : : ‘5 act Ce evening of the unexpected. Mingling among guests were re ee performers adorned in butterfly attire, posing in the Garden’s lovely fountains, and wrapped in ivy. The more than 450 gala guests were celebrating the Garden’s 150th anniversary. The gala generated more than $717,000, served as a tribute to Garden President Dr. Peter Raven, and called attention to the Garden’s work around the world to research plants and help inhabitants in the poorest countries of the world conserve resources and protect plants. The Living Fountain | = left to right back row: Nick Reding, Chris and Professor Stephen Hopper, Scott and Julie Schnuck, Dr. Patricia Raven; front row: Patricia Reding, First Lady Georganne and Governor Jay Nixon, Dr. Peter Raven, Gala Co-Chairs Peggy and Jerry Ritter Chris Reifschneider an Dorotha Nelle and Julie Hantman Bob Kresko photos by Josh Monken and Leslie Wallace Tricia and Shawn Hagan : eal William H.T.“Bucky” Bush with “Ivy.” i». ? Dr. Peter Raven, Mrs. Laura Orthwein, Dr. Patricia Raven Nie pasoz A id ee PS Andy and Barbara Taylor and Dotty and David Kemper | a mee @ ~ on Sesquicentennial Gala Sponsors Presenting Sponsor Emerson Preservation Partners Anheuser-Busch Maritz Conservation Champions Edward Jones Novus International, Inc. Mr. and Mrs. Scott C. Schnuck Wells Fargo Advisors Environmental Advocates AmerenUE AT&T Brown Shoe Company Inc. Charitable Trust Bryan Cave LLP BSI Constructors Inc. Bunge Guarantee Electrical Co. The Hermann Family Foundation Bob & Mary Lee Hermann, Bob & Signa Hermann, Rick & Lotsie Holton Eileen and Benjamin Hulsey Macy’s Mr. and Mrs. Jefferson L. Miller Monsanto Co. Mr. and Mrs. William R. Orthwein, Jr. Peabody Energy Prager Vive: Mr. and Mrs. Nicholas L. Reding Mr. and Mrs. Jerry E. Ritter Mr. and Mrs. Andrew C. Taylor Tiffany & Co. Mr. Barrett A. Toan and Ms. Polly O’Brien Mr. and Mrs. Raymond H. Wittcoff 1879, a group of St. Louis residents gathered at the home of one of the city’s most distinguished citizens, Henry Shaw, to celebrate the 60th anniversary of his arrival in St. Louis in 1819. Still vigorous as he approached his 80th birthday, Mr. Shaw took the opportunity to recount his first visit at age 19 to the prairie—then outside the limits of St. Louis—now occupied by the Missouri Botanical Garden and its surrounding neighborhoods. Shaw described the prairie as “uncultivated, without trees or fences, but covered with tall luxuriant grass, undulated by the gentle breezes of spring.... I also observed on the gently raising ground a clump of hazel bushes; thirty years later the hazel bushes had disappeared, and in their place had grown up a grove of oaks and sassafras laurels; in 1849 this house and tower were erected and it became Tower Grove.” (“Laurel” refers to the laurel family, Lauraceae, in which Sassafras is classified.) The grove of sassafras still stands between Tower Grove House and Shaw’s Mausoleum. In fact, even though no individual sassafras tree appears on the Garden’s list of oldest trees, it is quite probable that this “tower grove” of sassafras represents the oldest plant in the Garden. Sassafras albidum, native to much of eastern North America, is one of only three species in the genus, the other two occurring in central China and Taiwan. This trans-Pacific distribution repeats a pattern found in many genera such as Magnolia and Liriodendron (tulip tree), probably part of a very ancient flora from prehistoric times. Sassafras sprouts abundantly around the original plants, forming multiple stems via underground rhizomes. Under favorable conditions, individual trunks of sassafras can form trees up to 35 meters (120 feet) tall and 1.5 meters (5 feet) basal diameter, The sassafras grove that Shaw noted in 1849 still grows in the Victorian District today. but even when the main trunk dies, it may be surrounded by clonal offshoots. Because the grove beside Shaw’s house has been observed and documented since at least 1849, this sassafras is at least 160 years old. Sassafras is easily identified by its distinctive leaves, including oval, three-lobed, and most characteristically bi-lobed (mitten-shaped). Its small yellow flowers appear in spring, with male and female flowers produced on separate plants. Oil obtained from the dried roots contains safrole, originally used as a flavoring for teas, root beer, and other drinks, and as fragrance in perfume and soaps. However, in 1960 the U.S. Food and Drug Administration banned safrole from all consumables as a possible carcinogen. Dried and ground leaves, now treated commercially to be safrole-free, are still used to make filé powder, a spice used to flavor and thicken some types of gumbo. Sassafras wood has an orange tinge and is often used in furniture-making. See the Rest of Shaw’s Trees Five trees on Garden grounds have been identified as HENRY SHAW. specimens planted during Henry Shaw’s lifetime (1800-1889). In addition to the sassafras grove, look for the trees listed below along with signs bearing the symbol above. ¢ Black gum (Nyssa sylvatica), circa 1885—located in the Japanese Garden. ° Osage orange (Maclura pomifera), circa 1850s— in the Doris I. Schnuck Children’s Garden. ° Bald cypress (Taxodium distichum), circa 1874—near the Shoenberg Fountain. ¢ Ginko (Ginkgo biloba), circa 1884—near the Cleveland Avenue Gate House. To learn more, visit www.mobot.org/150/ shaw/trees/. photo by Jasmine Elzy Volunteer Service Recognition On Thursday, June 11, the Garden hosted the annual volunteer service recognition luncheon honoring volunteers with awards for special service and for their 10-, 20-, 30-, and even 40-year commitments. The Garden is deeply grateful to its corps of volunteers, without whom we could not operate at current levels of international renown and community outreach. Here’s to Forty Years! It takes a special commitment to dedicate 40 years of volunteer service. This year, the Garden was lucky to honor one of these unique volunteers. Joyce Driemeyer joined the St. Louis Herb Society in 1969 after returning to St. Louis from the Far East. She worked in the greenhouse to propagate and grow plants for the Herb Garden and for the annual Herb Plant Sale. When the Herb Garden was enlarged in 1976, Joyce redesigned the western half, eliminating a lawn area, and introduced historic medicinal and dye plants and boxwood for winter interest. Joyce has been a Master Gardener since 1985 and also gives her time to the Horticulture Answer Service. Thirty-year volunteers: Patty Mayes, Sue Rapp, Nancy Thompson. Twenty-year volunteers: Shirley Bauer, Ann Bowen, Carol Donelan, Sondra Ellis, Jane Kahn, Linda Koenig, Virginia Laschober, Karen Smead Mondale, Suzanne Switzer, Donna Walker. Ten-year volunteers: Rachel Anderson, Louise Bazzetta, Jerry Blanke, Suzanne Blanke, Paulette Bliss, Jack Breier, Sharon Brown, Minette Buhr, Cindy Capatosta, Ruth Carapella, Sylvia Clobes, Marie Cuttler, Jo Dalton, Teresa Flanagan, Alda Fridley, Candy Grisham, Karen Haller, Pam Hardy, Bob Harper, Arnold Haumesser, Phyllis Higgins, Tom Hohn, Becky Homan, Christine Joyce, Betty Kamman, LaVerne Koyn, Carol Kusterer, Janet Lemp, Louis Malin, Betty Manlin*, Peggy McCalpin, Albert Melman, Peggy Moehlenbrock, Bob Noe, Mary Alice O’Neill, Esther Pahl, Jo-Ann Partin, Peggy Pautler, Bonnie Pellegrini, Bruce Phillips, Mary Ann Randolph, Lola Reed, Susan Rentfrow, Helen Robinson, Faye Roth, Marsha Rusnack, Jane Saghir, Nancy Sauerhoff, Sarah Schmidt, Barbara Schrader, Ann Schuette, Margaret Silver, Barbara Simon, Paul Simpkins, Jules Snitzer*, Mary Pat Sullivan, Carole Vohsen, Janice Weil, Patricia Wemhoener, Pat Williams, Carolyn Willmore, Leon Zickrick. * deceased Fall 2009 ~— Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin 9 10 imate Chan at 15.000 Feet limate change 1s of as much concern in Ecuador as in other regions of the world. Garden botanists, with their collaborators in several countries, are monitoring the effects of climate change on plants and seeking ways to help vulnerable plant species survive in the coming decades. In Ecuador, Garden curator David Neill and his Ecuadorian colleagues and students are carrying out research on the response of native plants in the Andes to climate change in several regions of this South American country. In mountainous regions such as the Andes of Ecuador, many plant species occur in limited geographical areas and in a narrow altitudinal belt on the mountain slopes, and their populations can tolerate only a narrow range of temperature. As the climate warms, these species may migrate up the mountain slopes to cooler areas, but they also may face new competition from other migrating plant species. The researchers in Ecuador use historical plant records, geographical information systems, and field-based studies to monitor plants’ responses to changing climates. In Ecuador, the Andes mountains include several snow-capped volcanoes over 6,000 meters (20,000 feet) in elevation, and the highest plants are found over 4,500 meters (15,000 feet) on the slopes of the volcanoes, below the glaciers. These plants were first studied by the German scientist-explorer Alexander von Humboldt and the French botanist Aimé Bonpland in 1802 during their four-year scientific expedition to South America and Mexico. Humboldt was one of the first scientists to travel with an altimeter, and he carefully recorded the elevations of the plants that he and Bonpland collected. Among the highest-elevation plants they discovered was a species of lupine, Lupinus nubigenus, in the legume family. This species, among other plants on the slopes of the Volcan Antisana, near Ecuador’s capital city of Quito, are now being studied by Neill and his Ecuadorian colleagues. Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin — Fall 2009 photo by David Neill Many of the plant species recorded on the Machinaza Plateau are not found anywhere else. photos by David Neill Historical records and old photographs show the glaciers on the Andean volcanoes have retreated during the past 200 years as the climate has warmed. Preliminary evidence suggests that the high-elevation plants have also migrated upwards on the volcanic slopes since Humboldt’s time, and may continue to do so as the world’s climate continues its warming trend. This long-term project will continue to monitor the high Andean plant species with annual censuses during the coming years. Another area in Ecuador where research on plants and climate change is being carried out is the Cordillera del Condor region, in the southeastern part of the country along the border with Peru. The Cordillera del Condor is a mountain range east of the Andes composed partly of a series of sandstone plateaus, flat-topped mountains of different sizes and different elevations, rather like the buttes and plateaus of the southwestern United States but with a very wet tropical climate. The highest sandstone plateau in the central part of the Cordillera del Condor 1s the Machinaza Plateau, at 2,400 meters (8,000 feet) elevation. The plateau is covered by dense, shrubby vegetation, and many of the species recorded there in the past several years are new to science and found nowhere else. These species occur only on sandstone, and since the plateau is the only sandstone in the region at that elevation, these endemic species are restricted to a few square miles on the summit of the plateau, right on the Ecuador—Peru border. An example is Clethra concordia, a new species whose scientific name is not yet formally published. Opposite page: The glacier at the top of the Volcan Antisana is the principal source for Quito’s municipal water supply. If the glacier disappears completely, the capital city’s water supply will be in jeopardy. Far left: Lupinus nubigenus grows at elevations of about 4,500 meters on just three of Ecuador’s highest volcanoes. Garden botanists are investigating how populations of this and other high-elevation plants are coping with warming temperatures in recent decades. Left: Clethra concordia is a newly found species unlike any other in the genus Clethra (Clethraceae), most of which are tall trees in the cool doud forests of tropical mountains of Central and South America. Just 3 feet tall with very small, thick, tough leaves, this spindly shrub has evidently adapted to the highly acidic, nutrient-poor soil of the sandstone Machinaza Plateau. As the climate warms, there are no higher-elevation sandstone plateaus in the region where these unique plant species could migrate. Higher sandstone plateaus hundreds of kilometers farther south in Peru potentially could provide a refuge for these species if they can migrate that far. As the climate warms, the plants on the Machinaza Plateau may face competition from other sandstone- restricted plants, including taller trees, that could migrate upwards from lower-elevation sandstone plateaus in the Cordillera del Condor region. If the Machinaza sandstone species cannot survive the higher temperatures and compete with their new neighbors that migrate from lower elevations, and if they cannot migrate to a higher sandstone plateau, they may face extinction over the coming decades. Such a fate may threaten thousands of other plant species around the world, and they may survive only in seed banks and botanical gardens. Fall 2009 ~— Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin fi 1 by Cindy Gilberg, Native Plant Horticulturist, & Scott Woodbury, Whitmire Family Curator of Native Plant Horticulture So © Sulphur butterfly on New England aster. ince the beginnings of European settlement, natural landscapes in the United States have been transformed into less diverse landscapes. For instance, there are over 40 million acres of turf in the U.S. That equals the size of Missouri. There are about 350 million acres of crop land, which is four times the size of California, and 790 million acres of range and pasture land, which is about 40 percent of all the land in the lower 48 states. The result is less habitat for birds, butterflies, and other living creatures. There are many ways to improve the situation: convert some pasture and cropland into CRP (conservation reserve program), mow less lawn, and create landscapes that are friendly to wildlife. Whether you live on a quarter acre or 100 acres, no landscape is too small to make a difference in enhancing biodiversity. Plant diversity is the key to attracting the widest array of wildlife visitors. Landscaping with Missouri native plants helps to restore the habitat necessary to sustain wildlife. Wildlife needs food, water, shelter, and nesting sites. if 2B Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin — Fall 2009 4 photo by Tom Krouska Food The majority of animals eat nectar, pollen, seeds, berries, and each other! Bumblebees eat nectar from wild indigo (Baptisia spp.) while butterflies prefer milkweed (Asclepias spp.). Bees thrive on the flowers of mountain mint (Pycnanthemum spp.) and wild hydrangea (Hydrangea arborescens), and hummingbirds vie for columbine (Aquilegia canadensis) and red buckeye (Aesculus pavia) blossoms. Black-eyed Susan (Rudbeckia spp.) and coneflowers (Echinacea spp.) are favored by seed- eating birds like gold-finches and indigo buntings. Small-flowering trees and shrubs that produce berries include viburnums, dogwoods (Cornus spp.), and winterberry holly (Ilex verticillata). Predation can happen in a native garden. You might see crab spiders nabbing bees, wasps paralyzing spiders, praying mantis munching ladybugs, baby birds devouring insects, turtles snapping frogs, and much more. photo by Bill Hall Monarch caterpillar on marsh milkweed. Water Features like birdbaths, garden pools, constructed streams, wetlands, and ponds are wildlife magnets. These are the places where animals drink, bathe, cool down, lay eggs, and prey on others. You may see dragonflies lay their eggs on open water and their offspring eat mosquitoes! Butterflies and bees drink at shallow water edges. Frogs and salamanders lay eggs here. Red- shouldered hawks frequent water and eat crayfish, frogs, and water snakes. Nesting Sites and Shelter Birds and insects will nest in the oddest places: garden pots, canoes, and holiday wreaths. But wildlife can be encouraged to nest in gardens by including some of their favorite plants. Grasses and sedges provide building materials for songbirds. Bats take cover in winter beneath the bark of shagbark hickory. Juncos and sparrows tuck themselves between grass plants on the coldest winter days. When working on a limited budget, consider your garden a work in progress, adding to it over a period of two to three years. Buy smaller plants and take advantage of late-season sales. Gardening friends usually have extra plants to swap. Many people collect seeds and grow their own. The Native Plant School at the Shaw Nature Reserve offers an in-depth Dave Tylka on “Landscaping for Wildlife and People” Native Plant School Open Garden Event, Friday, September 4, 4-8 p.m., Shaw Nature Reserve A former biology professor at St. Louis Community College-Meramec, Dave’s gardening experience and extensive knowledge of plants and animals combine to provide a wealth of practical information for creating a wildlife-friendly garden. The Shaw Nature Reserve’s horticulture staff will be in the Whitmire Wildflower Garden to answer questions and discuss gardening with native plants. The Open Garden and Fall Plant Sale is held annually at the Shaw Nature Reserve. Admission is $5 ($3 for Garden/SNR members) and includes light food. For more information visit www.shawnature.org. Reservations required; call (636) 451-3512 ext. 6075. Fall 2009 photo by Scott Woodbury A jumping spider on lotus bud. class on propagating native plants in late winter (see the Native Plant School schedule at www.shawnature.org ). Each of us can create small oases in our own yards—natural gardens where we can observe nature on a daily basis. A native plant garden offers the opportunity to rediscover nature up close, reconnecting with the natural world around us. Sit back, grab your binoculars, and enjoy the show! Native Plants that Attract Wildlife and People Perennials for sun: Aster (Aster aka Symphyotrichum) Blazingstar (Liatris spp.) Coneflower (Echinacea spp. and Rudbeckia spp.) Mountain mint (Pycnanthemum spp.) Prairie dropseed (Sporobolus heterolepsis) Perennials for shade: Beebalm (Monarda bradburniana) Columbine (Aquilegia canadensis) Solomon’s seal (Polygonatum commutatum) Jacob’s ladder (Polemonium reptans) Wild ginger (Asarum canadense) Shrubs and small trees: Dogwoods (Cornus spp.) Winterberry (lex verticillata) Red buckeye (Aesculus pavia) Spicebush (Lindera benzoin) Fragrant sumac (Rhus aromatica) Blackhaw (Viburnum prunifolium) Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin hes photo by Charles Schmidt WHAT TO DO IN YOUR GARDEN NOW... clip and save all month ) Begin fall seeding or sodding of cool-season grasses. Seedbeds should be raked, de-thatched or core-aerified, fertilized, and seeded. Keep newly planted lawn areas moist, but not wet. Cool season lawns are best fertilized in fall. Make up to three applications between now and December. Do not exceed rates recommended by fertilizer manufacturer. LJ Autumn is a good time to add manure, compost, or leaf mold to soils for increasing organic matter content. week 1 LJ Cut annuals to provide vigorous plants for overwintering. L) Dig herbs from the garden and place in pots now for growing indoors this winter. L) Pick pears before they are fully mature. Store in a cool, dark basement to ripen. LI Sow seeds of radish, lettuce, spinach, and other greens in a cold frame. week 2 Q) Plant spring bulbs (except tulips) as soon as they are available. L) Ready houseplants for winter indoors. Prune back rampant growth and protruding roots. Check for pests. L) Bring plants indoors a month before the heat is turned on. 14 Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin ) Pinch the top of Brussels sprout plants to plump the developing sprouts. L) Tie leaves around cauliflower heads when they are about the size of a go L) Keep broccoli picked regularly to encourage additional production. L) Top-dress lawns with compost or milorganite, best after aerifying. week 3 L) Poinsettias can be forced into bloom for the holidays if they are moved indoors now to a sunny windowsill. Each night, they must be kept in a cool, dark place where there is no light for 14 hours. Continue until proper color is achieved in 6 to 10 weeks. W) Pinch off any young tomatoes that are too small to ripen to channel energy into ripening the remaining full-size fruits. L) Newly seeded lawns should not be cut until they are at least 2—3 inches tall. week 4 L) Divide perennials now. Enrich the soil with compost before replanting. L) Divide peonies now. Replant shallowly in a sunny site. QL) Lift gladiolus when their leaves yellow. Cure in an airy place until dry before husking. UW) Check along peach tree trunks to just below the soil line for gummy masses caused by borers. Probe holes with thin wires to puncture borers. L) Sow spinach now to overwinter under mulch for spring harvest. Fall 2009 all month Q) Plant spring bulbs among hostas, ferns, daylilies, or ground covers. As these plants grow they will hide the dying bulb foliage. U) Store apples in a cool basement in old plastic sacks that have been perforated for good circulation. L) Sow cover crops such as winter rye after crops are harvested. week 1 LI Christmas cactus, potted azaleas, and kalanchoe may be left outdoors until night temperatures drop to 40° F L) Continue harvesting tender crops such as winter squash and pumpkins before frost. For best storage quality, leave an inch or two of stem on each fruit. Dig sweet potatoes before a bad freeze. LJ Gourds should be harvested when their shells become hard or when their color changes from ereen to brown. L) Cover tender plants with sheets or lightweight fabric covers to protect from frost. week 2 L) Cannas and dahlias can be dug when frost nips their foliage. Allow the plants to dry under cover in an airy, frost-free place before storage. week 3 L) Transplant deciduous trees once they have dropped their leaves. LY Monitor fruit plantings for mouse activity and take steps for their control if present. L) Continue mowing lawns until growth stops. Keep leaves raked off lawns to prevent smothering grass. Now is a good time to apply lime if soil tests indicate. week 4 LU) Plant tulips now. L) Trees may be fertilized now, following soil test guidelines. L) Place wire guards around trunks of young fruit trees for protection against mice and rabbits. L} Winterize mowers before storage. Member Plant Societies Plant societies are the place to profess your horticultural devotion. visit www.mobot.org a ie Groups exist for fans of flowers from African violets to roses, and for specific garden types such as rock or water gardens. For the latest contact information on ee cascatt s plant society partners, ¢ visit the William T. Kemper Center for Home Gardening. ¢ call the Horticultural Answer Service, Monday through Friday, 9 a.m. to noon, at (314) 577-5143 ¢ check out the Gardening section at www.mobot.org. photo by Lauren Kirk November all month UL) Prevent insects or diseases from overwintering by removing and composting all plant debris. Till under any unused, finished compost to expose insect pests to cold. L) Now is the ideal time to plant trees and shrubs. Loosen the soil in an area five times the diameter of the root ball before planting. Mulch well after watering. LI Collect soil samples to test for pH and nutritional levels. L) Keep leaves raked up off of the lawn to prevent injury. A final fall application of fertilizer can be applied to bluegrass and fescue lawns. week 1 QW) Plant tulips now. week 2 L) Newly planted broadleaf evergreens such as azaleas, boxwood, and hollies benefit from a burlap screen for winter wind protection. Set screen stakes in place before the ground freezes. ) Shut off and drain any outdoor water pipes, hoses, or irrigation systems that may freeze during cold weather. L) Set up bird feeders. Birds appreciate a source of unfrozen drinking water during the winter. week 3 L) Just before the ground freezes, bury root crops (carrots, radishes, turnips, and Jerusalem artichokes) under a deep layer of leaves or straw. Harvest as needed during winter by pulling back this protective mulch. L) Mulch strawberries for winter with straw. Apply straw loosely, but thick enough to hide plants from view. L) House plant basics for winter: reduce or eliminate fertilizer until spring. Shorter days mean slower growth. Slower growth means less frequent watering. Plants in plastic pots need less water than those in clay pots. Plants in cooler rooms need less water and grow slower than those in warm rooms. week 4 L) Cover garden pools with netting to prevent leaves from fouling the water. Oxygen depletion from rotting organic matter can kill pond fish. Take steps to prevent garden pools from freezing solid in winter. Covering pools with an insulating material, or floating a stock tank water heater in the pond, will lessen the chance of ice damage. L) Roses should be winterized after a heavy frost. Place a 6-10 inch deep layer of mulch or topsoil over each plant. Prune sparingly, just enough to shorten overly long canes. Climbers should not be pruned at this time. L) To prevent injury from frost, mulch flower and bulb beds after the ground freezes. yA Featured Plant of Merit® Sweet pepperbush Clethra alnifolia ‘Ruby Spice' This densely branched, deciduous shrub typically grows 4-6 feet tall and features narrow, bottlebrush- like clusters of extremely fragrant, rose pink flowers. This summersweet cultivar is noted for its ability to bloom in shady locations. Easily grown in average, medium to wet soils in full sun to part shade, it also tolerates clay soils and full shade. In the fall, its dark green leaves turn an attractive yellow/golden brown. Plants of Merit® is a program of the Missouri Botanical Garden. Plants are selected by regional horticulture experts for outstanding qualities and dependable performance in the lower Midwest. View all at www.plantsofmerit.org. Double Your Money Throughout 2009, the William T. Kemper Foundation— Commerce Bank, Trustee will match your donations to the Plants of Merit program, dollar for dollar up to $50,000. To participate, please contact the Institutional Advancement Office at (314) 577-9513. Fall 2009 Plastic Pot Recycling Now through September Close the gardening loop! Recycle plastic garden pots, cell packs, and trays. Plastic should be empty of soil with no metal hangers or rings (no clay pots or food plastic). Please separate #6 plastic cell packs and trays from #2 and #5 plastic pots into the recycling trailers. Drop off materials in the west parking lot of the Garden’s Monsanto Center, 4500 Shaw Blvd. at Vandeventer. For a complete list of satellite collection centers throughout the metro area, visit www.plasticpotrecycling.org. i Gs) Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin photo by Chris Starbuck photo by Paul Straatmann acred Lotpses KO Nymphaea lotus Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin Ancient got A lotus by any other name is definitely not the same. In addition to the Garden’s displays of sacred lotuses in the Japanese Garden, you'll find their namesakes now in the lily pools of the Central Axis and Swift Family Garden. They may go by the names lotus of the Nile and Egyptian lotus, but Nymphaea caerulea and Nymphaea lotus are actually members of the water lily family. As their common names suggest, these flowers are native to Egypt as well as central and west Africa, Madagascar, and Hungary. Steeped in symbolism by the ancient Egyptians, they were considered sacred, and archeological evidence points to their importance in religious ceremonies and funerals. Nymphaea lotus is also known as Egyptian white water lily or Egyptian lotus. With pure white petals and bright yellow centers, it opens at dusk and remains open during the night until midday. Because of its pattern of opening and closing, ancient Egyptians took it to be symbolic of creation and resurrection. Depicted in everything from monuments and murals to furniture, Nymphaea lotus was used in countless rituals including religious festivals and funerals. Archeologists found remains of the flower in the tomb of the pharaoh Ramesses II in 1881. Fall 2000 Nymphaea caerulea Nymphaea caerulea, also known as the lotus of the Nile, was considered symbolic of the sun and rebirth. The flower begins to open in the morning revealing its intense blue petals and golden center while giving off a scent similar to hyacinth or lilac. Then, in the afternoon, it closes its petals for the night. Because it was thought to be sacred, it too was used during celebrations and funerals. Remains of the petals were found scattered over Tutankhamen’s body when it was discovered in 1922. Egyptians believed the scent of the flower not only pleased the senses, but also held healing powers. The flower of Nymphaea caerulea was used to promote health and continues to be used as a tonic for overall good health. Some studies indicate it may also have mild psychoactive properties. Nymphaea caerulea and Nymphaea lotus are not directly related to the sacred lotus of Asia, which is on display in the Chinese and Japanese Gardens and was named later because its flowers resembled those of the Egyptian lotus. Look for these water lilies to be at their peak through early September. photo by Paul Straatmann Where the Really Green Grass Grows Creating a Sustainable Lawn photo by Paul Straatmann OD) Minimize the size of the lawn by taking some out. Put in shrubs, perennials, non-invasive ground covers, and native plants. BA Select the right grass including tall fescue or zoysia grass for full sun to medium light. Combine with red fescue, and hard fescues for more shade. Mix 3 to 5 varieties for disease control. ey Mow tall with a mulching mower and let clippings fall back into the lawn. Tall mowing (3 to 4 inches— highest setting during summer) minimizes weeds, promotes drought tolerance, and reduces stress due to weather changes. 4. Test the soil before you fertilize. Improper soil pH, nutrient deficiencies, and poor soil structure waste your by Dr. Steven Cline, Kemper Center for Home Gardening Manager Simply put, a sustainable lawn is one that serves its purpose as a ground cover for recreation and aesthetics and performs with minimal care, cost, and energy input. On a scale of one to 10 for effort to produce what you want, it should be a three. Are lawns really sustainable, you ask—all that water, fertilizer, crabgrass control, mowing, dethatching? How can we get what we want in this climate and spend less time, energy, and money to have a nice awn? There are 30 million acres of home lawns in the U.S. For every acre, we spend about $500 and 40 hours mowing each year. Lawns offer many benefits—cooling, athletics, erosion control, and beauty. On the other hand, 17 million gallons of gas are spilled just in the filling of lawn mowers each year and $30 billion is spent on maintenance—mowing, fertilizing, watering, pest and weed control. So, what approach can we take to minimize the negative impact of lawns and promote the positive? fertilizer and cause you to spend time starting over, reseeding. One factor out of line means you’re working uphill and will cost you more over time. 5) Put up with a few weeds and identify what you have. Learn which ones are really bad and which ones will come and go no matter what. Forgo perfection. Spot treatments are best, if necessary. OD Core-aerate and reseed in the first two weeks of September. This is the best time for lawn seeding with cooler night temperatures. Light sprinkles several times per day over three weeks will get it going. Good seed-to-soil contact is critical and alleviates compaction. B Water in the morning deeply and infrequently, so you get one inch on, once per week during Fall 2009 Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin drought. Correct any drainage issues or you will never win. 8.1 Minimize pest control by diagnosing the problems accurately with expert help. Insects come and go. Don’t spread insecticide unless you can prove insects are the issue. Disease has to be monitored. Moles eat more earthworms than grubs and can be trapped. GB Dogs and lawns don’t mix well. Create pathways with mulch where they habitually run. Don’t expect to grow lawns in these areas. 10 Get a battery-operated lawn mower. The higher voltage units (36V) work for lawns that are around 10,000 square feet. This fits many home lawn sizes and uses less energy, creates less pollution, and is quieter. 17 Litzsinger Road Ecology Center— A Small Site with a Big Footprint by Bob Coulter, Director, Litzsinger Road Ecology Center VOLUNTEERS SOUGHT If you enjoy working with children and spending time outdoors, the Litzsinger Road Ecology Center is seeking Volunteer Educators for the upcoming school year. Free training begins on Monday, Sept. 14 from 9 a.m. to 3 p.m. and continues for ten consecutive Mondays through Nov. 16. Volunteers will become familiar with the site; learn inquiry-based, outdoor teaching strategies; and gain an understanding of basic ecology. For more information, call Jackie Juras, manager of volunteer programs, at (314) 577-5187 or visit www .litzsinger.org. photo by Josh Monken “Field lab” programs at Litzsinger Road Ecology Center integrate students’ work at the Center with what they are doing at school and in the community. While kids can’t save the rainforest alone, they can be the ecological guardians of their own schoolyard or local park. By promoting sustainability on a scale that works for kids, the Litzsinger Road Ecology Center (LREC) is helping advance the Garden’s mission with schools in the St. Louis region and beyond. In place of traditional field trips, LREC’s “field lab” programs work intensively with local schools to integrate students’ work at the Center with what they are doing at school and in the community. Projects such as replacing invasive plants with native species, or stabilizing a stream bank with vegetation, set the next generation on a course toward sustainability. Complementing these efforts, teacher workshops build skills in creating sustainable schoolyards and in using geographic information system (GIS) tools to illuminate local issues. Taken together, these programs emphasize place-based education, a strategy fostering teachers’ and students’ commitment to their local community as the focus for their learning. An exciting new focus for LREC 1s leveraging the power of computer games to help students develop an interest in science. Working in collaboration with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, staff members are working with schools locally and in the Boston area in the use of handheld computers equipped with Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers. Imagine solving an environmental mystery in your local park, guided by the handheld computer to collect relevant clues that you will analyze with your classmates. Even better, students in after-school and summer programs are learning to design their own games for their peers to play. Complementing these educational efforts, LREC maintains an active ecological research and restoration program on its 34-acre site. The Center has ongoing projects managing invasive species, planting native ones, and promoting ecological stewardship in the community. Through staff research and a mini-grant program for scientists, we are developing and disseminating best practices for ecological health. Closing the circle, many of the on-site projects undertaken by students in the field labs are informed by— and often extend—the Center’s research and restoration efforts. Please note that the Litzsinger Road Ecology Center is a private research facility managed by the Garden for the past 15 years. Site use restrictions imposed by the City of Ladue limit participation to pre-arranged programs. The Center is not open for public visits. 1 § Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin Fall 2009 photos by Hope Breidenbach Grand Center ¢ wv Sd Con lee. Save money, live healthier, protect the planet—and have fun at the 8th annual Green Homes Festival! This resource-packed street fair celebrates the many ways to live well by living lightly on our fragile Earth. You can meet and ask questions with over 70 exhibitors who are experts in: @ Solar and wind power ® Green home improvement and homebuilding Non-toxic home maintenance ® Reducing, reusing, recycling, and composting e Transportation alternatives For festival kids, the popular Solar Car Races will return, along with artful trash-to-treasure activities. All ages can pick up a paintbrush with Sarah Linquist, Master Scenic Artist for The Muny, and help transform a Metro bus into a traveling environmental mural. Adults can enjoy Schlafly beer and all ages will like the tasty, healthy treats in the shade of the Local Food Court. ea = Om Vw.gre enhomesSTL.org A roster of 28 “Learn Green—Live Green” practical workshops, held at neighboring Cardinal Ritter College Prep High School, will cover topics from renewable home energy systems to urban farming. Last year’s top workshop topics will be offered twice, including raising backyard chickens. The Green Homes Festival is brought to you by the Missouri Botanical Garden’s EarthWays Center and the Missouri Coalition for the Environment, and presented by AmerenUE and ecolifeSTL.com. “Our festival partnership is a positive and powerful way to raise community-wide awareness of the kinds of sustainable choices that both our organizations promote,” says the Coalition’s Erin Noble, who coordinates the event with the EarthWays team. “Every year we add new exhibits, new topics—and we reach a broader audience,” adds Glenda Abney, director of the EarthWays Center. “This festival Fall 2009 Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin CENTER 3617 Grandel Square, St. Louis, MO 63108 phone (314) 577-0220 * www.earthwayscenter.org Learn Green — Live Green New! Sustainable Stuff— The Green Craft Fair Local artisans skilled in crafting with reused and recycled media will sell their resourceful wares in this new Green Homes Festival feature. Enjoy live acoustic music as you browse the one-of-a-kind fashions, household goods, and gifts displayed in the Cardinal Rutter College Prep High School commons. This is shopping with conscience and flair! Above left: More than 70 exhibitors will be on hand. Above right: Artists of all ages can help transform a bus into a moving mural. showcases the tremendous array of practical and sustainable options for home, lifestyle, and business that are thriving in our region.” The Green Homes Festival fills the 3600 block of Grandel Square, between Grand and Spring, in mid- town St. Louis. While you’re in the neighborhood, don’t miss “Dancing in the Street,” Grand Center’s fabulous free fall performing arts street fair, from 1 to 9 p.m. Festival admission and parking are free. A $10 wristband will admit visitors to any combination of workshops ($5 for single workshop admission). For a complete festival schedule and other details, visit www.greenhomesSTL.org. 19 by Mark Deering, Collections Manager While most butterflies are diurnal, meaning they fly during the day, a few fly at twilight, or dawn and dusk. These twilight animals are called crepuscular. At the Sophia M. Sachs Butterfly House, one group of butterflies exhibits this interesting behavior—the owl butterflies. Owl butterflies are the largest in the Tropical Conservatory, but many people are never able to observe them flying and displaying both sides of their wings. Owls create a spectacular display as groups of ten or more tumble along in flight. Other crepuscular animals include mosquitoes, some moths, fireflies, and other insects, as well as vertebrate species like bats and whippoorwills. Many fly throughout the night, but they all begin at dusk. Being crepuscular allows these animals to avoid some of the predators that hunt during the day, including most birds, some spiders, and many lizards. Day visitors to the Butterfly House can see the owl butterflies as they rest on tree trunks, displaying the classic eyespot on the undersurface that gives them their name. They are also common sights on the fruit trays, as they will not visit flowers for nectar. Owls live in the understory of tropical forests, and fruit is a main source of food, along with tree sap, dung, and carrion. The Butterfly House receives three species of owl butterflies: Caligo memnon, Caligo eurilochus, and Caligo atreus. All three are found in Costa Rica. Want to see the owl butterflies in flight? Don’t miss Owl Outings this October. Pre-registered guests will tour the Tropical Conservatory at twilight and witness firsthand the owls’ unique behaviors. Included in this visit is a guided tour and fun activities for ages 6 and over. For more information, including schedule, activities, and cost, visit www.butterflyhouse.org or call (636) 733-2339 to schedule your twilight experience. Also, don’t miss Bootterflies, our child- friendly Halloween event on October 24—25, with lots of not-so-creepy-crawly, fun activities. Z 0 Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin — Fall 2009 An owl butterfly (Caligo memnon). Butte House 15193 Olive Blvd., Chesterfield, MO 63017 (636) 530-0076 * www.butterflyhouse.org The Butterfly House is pleased to offer a trip to Mexico from February 19-23, 2010, to visit the monarch butterfly overwintering site. This trip is being conducted in cooperation with Expedition Travel and the Florida Museum of Natural History. Travelers will visit both the El Rosario and the Sierra Chincua monarch sites and enjoy evening presentations by monarch expert Dr. Tom Emmel. For more information and to download a brochure, visit the Butterfly House website at www.butterflyhouse.org, or contact Joe Norton, Butterfly House director, at (636) 530-0076 ext. 11. photo by Mark Deering SHAW NATURE RESERVE Hwy. 100 & 44 (exit 253), Gray Summit, MO 63039 phone: (636) 451-3512 * www shawnature org Back to Class: Native Plant School z Schedule S 1 \ § ae Deer Resistant 5 e ° CO oa Sept. 4 Open Garden and Fall Landscaping with Native Plants 8 Plant Sale, 4 to 8 p.m. . Sept. 10 Prairie and Savanna Hungry deer will eat almost anything, so finding deer-resistant plants can be frustrating. Reconstruction Pt. 2 Squaw weed (Senecio obovatus) is a ground cover that can help repel deer. Oct. 8 Native Perennials and Grasses for Landscaping by Cindy Gilberg, Native Plant Horticulturist Nov. 12 Deer-resistant Native oe a - Landscaping For those of us who live in deer country, gardening can be an exercise in futility. Deer are adaptable. Gardeners soon discover that browsing deer can do a large amount 2010 of damage in a short amount of time. As a result, deer control and the discovery of Jan. 14 Native Small-flowering browse-resistant plants are on the mind of those of us who face this challenge. Trees and Shrubs Pt. 1 ee ee ee ee h his | strc de Pdi Native landscaping Ped. Absolutely don’t feed the deer (corn, sorghum, etc.), as this is an invitation for Planning and Design them to stick around and see what else is on your “buffet table.”” Repellents are Mar. 11 Native Plant Propagation useful, but require several applications. Fences over 9 feet tall work well, especially Apr. 8 Native Landscaping Pt. 2, for protecting vegetable gardens, but can be expensive for enclosing larger areas. Planting and Maintenance Deer are primarily nocturnal, though many of our suburban deer populations are et Nae ee ovate active during the day. Most are unafraid of human activity or even do Trees and Shrubs Pt. 2 S ae ei 8 May 13 Pond and Lake Landscaping The search for deer-resistant plants may be frustrating. Hungry deer will eat most June 10 Rain Gardening anything, and their favorite native plants include asters, phlox, and lilies. The July 8 Wildhite Gardening: good news is that there seem to be many native plants that deer tend to avoid. Predation, Pollination, and Reproduction Deer rely on their sense of smell to determine whether an area is safe and which Aug. 12. Prairie and Savanna plants are desirable to eat. So it makes sense that plants with aromatic foliage, Reconstruction Pt. 1, Site such as wild bergamot (Monarda fistulosa), deter deer. Other plants are distasteful Pee ped eens or poisonous, such as the ground cover squaw weed (Senecio obovatus). Plants Sept. 9 Prairie and Savanna h 2 k ee “eI eee reg te Desert ien. such as rattlesnake master ( agum yuccifolium) and prickly pea Cacti (¢ puntia Seeding and Maintenance humifusa) repel deer because of their texture—coarse, rough, hairy, or spiny. A Oct. 14 Native Small-flowering deer-resistant garden has a high percentage of these types of plants mixed in so Trees and Shrubs Pt. 3 that deer are confused and move on. By using a combination of deer-resistant Nov. 11 Natural Looking Paths plantings and repellents, you can achieve a more peaceful coexistence with deer. and Patios with Stone and Concrete Classes are from 1 to 4 p.m. Fee: $12 ($8 for Garden/SNR members). Reservations are required; call (636) 451-3512. To receive a copy of the full list of deer-resistant native plants please attend the November 12 Native Plant School Class: Deer-resistant Native Landscaping. Reservations required; call (636) 451-3512 ext. 6075. Fall 2009 ~— Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin WA 1 Tributes April through June 2009 A tribute gift to the Garden is a wonderful way to honor family and friends. Tributes of $25 and up are listed in the Bulletin. If you have questions regarding giving opportunities at the Garden, please call (314) 577-5118. You can also make a tribute gift online at our website, www.mobot.org. In Honor of Mr. and Mrs. Walter E. Abell Jim Cooke and Jan Knobloch Mrs. Jean M. Agatstein Carolyn and Joseph Losos Ms. Peggy Alper Mrs. Vida S. Sax Mr. Tyler Andreasson Mr. Norman Rubenstein Mr. and Mrs. Carl Andris Art, Marian, Carol, Susan, Amanda, and Lauren Mr. Paul M. Arenberg Mr. Steven Arenberg Mrs. Ruth Bettman Mrs. Suzy Seldin Mr. and Mrs. Alfonso Bottos Mr. and Mrs. Gino Cavallini Mr. and Mrs. David E. Bouchein Mr. and Mrs. William A. Zukoski Dr. James J. Burke The Kevin Noonan Family Mrs. Marcia Carpenter Dr. William J. Ross Miggie and Tom Collins Mary and Frank Rassieur Patricia and Frederick Dick Doug, Grace, Megan, Mike, Sophie, Abby, Bob, and Alec Mr. and Mrs. William K. Dic Mr. and Mrs. Doug Britt Ms. Kathleen Ferrell Missouri Botanical Garden Docents Lois and Bob Friedman Ellen and Henry Dubinsky Mrs. Carol Gravens Rosanna and Kevin Hogarty John A. McHugh and Becky Brown Mrs. Robert Harrison Mrs. Suzy Seldin Jeremy Harry’s Teachers Bill, Liz and Jeremy Harry Mr. Scott Hepper Pebble Hills Garden Club Rev. Larry Herzog Mrs. J. M. Leonhardt Mr. David M. Homeier Mrs. Loretto R. Flynn Joan and Kent Kehr Ellen and Henry Dubinsky Ze Mr. David W. Kemper Mr. and Mrs. Raymond W. Peters II L. Lynn and Jordon Lewis Diego Stephen Lopez Missouri Botanical Garden Docents Mr. and Mrs. Bob Mattler Ms. Dion M. Scherr Mr. Patrick McNulty Mr. and Mrs. nee W. Peters II Mr. Albert M. Mel Mr. and re ak =) (- 3 le) aq a