THE FERN GAZETTE is a journal of the British Pteridological Society and
contains peer-reviewed papers on all aspects of pteridology.

‘ oe mead may be a and books etc. sent for review, to: Prof. M. Gibby,
ee age os Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20A Inverleith Row, Edinburgh, EH3 5LR, UK
a nee 0131-248-2973 E-mail: FernGazette@eBPS.org.uk

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FERN GAZ. 18(8):336-341. 2010 APR 21 2011 336

A NEW GENUS FOR THE FERN FOOGRA OF TRAN: CYRTOMIUM
A. GHOLIPOUR' & W. GREUTER’

' Payame Noor University, Sari, Mazandaran. abbas.gholipuor@gmail.com
? Herbarium Mediterraneum, Orto Botanico, Universita degli Studi, Palermo, Italy;
and Botanischer Garten & Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Freie Universitat
Berlin, Germany. Author for correspondence: w.greuter@bgbm.org

Keywords: Cyrtomium fortunei, Dryopteridoideae, Mazandaran, Hyrcanian forest,
isjunct area.

ABSTRACT
A stand of Cyrtomium fortunei was found by the first author in a natural habitat
on the northern slope of the Elburs range in N Iran, Mazandaran Province,
growing on sandstone rocks in the Hyrcanian forest. The whole context strongly
suggests it to be indigenous there, but phytogeographically this would result in
a huge, puzzling disjunction between the known native area in SE Asia and the
newly discovered stand.

INTRODUCTION

Cyrtomium C. Presl is a genus of the dryopteridoid ferns, closely related to and
sometimes combined with Polystichum Roth, or alternatively with the New World
Phanerophlebia C. Presl, a name of the same date but which is treated as having priority
over Cyrtomium. Molecular systematics (Yatskievych et al. 1988, Lu et al. 2005) and
karyosystematics (Lu et al. 2006) have helped elucidate the classification of the group,
now thought to consist of four clades equivalent to Polystichum, Phanerophlebia, a
group comprising Cyrtomidictyum Ching, Cyrtogonellum Ching plus some species
formerly misplaced in Polystichum and Cyrtomium, and Cyrtomium sensu stricto. The
latter, thus redefined, comprises ferns with irregularly scattered sori arising from
included veinlets and imparipinnate fronds with a non-pinnatifid terminal segment.

Cyrtomium sensu lato has been monographed twice, by Christensen (1930) who
recognised nine species and Shing (1965) who raised the species number to 59.
According to recent floristic works (Iwatsuki 1995, Kung 2001) a more realistic number
is 35 or less. Except for two species (C. caryotideum (Hook. & Grev.) C. Presl, also
found on Hawai’i, and C. micropterum (Kunze) Ching, which extends to Madagascar
and tropical Africa, south to Natal) the genus is confined to S and SE Asia, with a
marked centre of diversity in China from where it extends to Japan, Korea, Viet-Nam,
Thailand, India and the Himalaya. The westernmost native occurrences in Eurasia are
in Pakistan, W Himalaya, from where three species have been reported: C.
anomophyllum (Zenker) Fraser-Jenk. (= C. nervosum Ching & Shing), C. caryotideum,
and C. macrophyllum (Makino) Tagawa (Fraser-Jenkins 1992, 2008, Kullar 2000).

Two species of Cyrtomium are widely cultivated as ornamental pot plants: C.
falcatum (Sw.) C. Presl and C. fortunei J. Sm. Both have become established escapes in
various parts of the world with a suitable climate, and either or both are reported as
locally naturalised in, e.g., Britain, Italy, the Macaronesian Islands, the southern United
States, Hawai’i, and Australia. For C. falcatum, diploid, tetraploid and apomictic
triploid karyotypes are known, whereas C. fortunei appears to be consistently triploid

337 FERN GAZ. 18(8): 336-341. 2010

and apomictic, comprising a number of discernible morphotypes that have been treated
as varieties or sometimes species (Iwatsuki 1995).

MATERIAL
Voucher specimens of the Iranian Cyrtomium have been deposited in the herbarium,
Payame Noor University, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran (PNUS; not yet registered in Index
Herbariorum). Duplicates are kept in the Berlin-Dahlem herbarium (B) and the second
author's herbarium (now: PAL-Gr). Identification has been checked by comparison with
herbarium material from all over the generic range present in Berlin-Dahlem (B) as well
as descriptions in the floristic and monographic literature.

LTS

Plants belonging to the genus Cyrtomium were discovered by the first author on 10 Sep
2010 in a single locality on the northern slopes of the Elburs range, 25 km S of the city
of Sari and 8.5 km N of the village of Lajim (Fig. 1-3). Cyrtomium had not been
recorded from Iran previously (Khoshravesh et al. 2009). Specimens sent to the second
author for study proved to be typical C. fortunei, characterised e.g. by the shape and
dimensions of its fronds and pinnae, the irregularly and distantly denticulate pinna
margin with minute antrorse to incurved teeth, and the pale, thinly papery, entire indusia
(Fig. 4).

About 30 tufts were observed, scattered over an area of ca. 300 m2, growing in a
small side valley on shaded sandstone rocks, on the trunks of fallen trees and on shallow
soil of the valley bottom (Fig. 5). The dominant vegetation was natural Hyrcanian
deciduous forest, in which Carpinus betulus L. and Fagus sylvatica subsp. orientalis
(Lipsky) Greuter & Burdet predominate, mixed with other characteristic elements such
as Alnus subcordata C. A. Mey., Parrotia persica C. A. Mey., and Acer velutinum Boiss.
Also, the following fern species were noted: Asplenium scolopendrium L., Dryopteris
affinis (Lowe) Fraser-Jenk., Polystichum aculeatum (L.) Roth, and Pteris cretica L. The
area in question, known locally as “Cron forest”, has no protected status.

Label data of the vouchers collected are as follows: Mazandaran, Sari, Aghmashhad,
Cron, 36°20°08.2"" N, 53°05'25.6’’ E, 520 m, 10 Sep 2010, A. Gholipour 890367
(PNUS, B); same place, 4 Oct 2010, A. Gholipour 890441 (PNUS, PAL-Gr) (Fig. 6).

DISCUSSION

The so far known native range of Cyrtomium fortunei extends from Japan and SE China
to S Korea, Viét-Nam and E Thailand (Iwatsuki 2000). There is a single record (not
checked by us) from easternmost India (Manipur: Fraser-Jenkins 2008), which if
correct would be the closest known occurrence to our new locality. The distance
between Sari and Manipur is ca. 4200 km as the crow flies, roughly the same as that
which separates Manipur from Tokyo at the eastern edge of the species range
(4500 km). This is a huge disjunction, with the whole Himalayan range and the Iranian
highlands lying in-between.

An easy explanation would be to suspect that the Iranian population, rather than
being truly native, was brought to its new location by the voluntary action or
unintentional assistance of humans. The ease with which cultivated Cyrtomium species,
in various parts of the globe, escape from cultivation and become established in
semi-natural habitats lends credibility to such a hypothesis. For C. fortunei proper,
naturalised occurrence, while much less generalised than for C. falcatum, has been

GHOLIPOUR & GREUTER: A NEW GENUS FOR THE FERN FLORA OF IRAN 338

Figures 1-4. Cyrtomium fortunei, photographed in the wild. 1. Habit (with juvenile
Asplenium scolopendrium underneath). 2. Stipe, with large blackish and small fringed
scales. 3. Fertile pinna from below. 4. Detail of same, showing indusia, indumentum,
and crenulate margin. Photography, A. Gholipour.

339 FERN GAZ. 18(8): 336-341. 2010

reliably reported from the U.S.A. (4 states: Yatskievych 1993), SE France, where it
enjoys protected status (Salanon 1998), and the southern Alps of Italy (Conti & al.
2005).

However, the entire context in which the plants are growing in Iran makes
naturalisation an unlikely assumption. The place is literally in the middle of nowhere,
and neither at this locality, nor in the surrounding area in general, is there any sign of
degradation or indeed of any interference or activity by humans. Weedy, alien species
are conspicuously absent. The closest village of note, Aghmasshad, is situated at a
distance of ca. 4 km. It does not have any hotel, tourist resort or similar facility in which
alien potted plants might be suspected to be grown for amenity. Even more
significantly, Cyrtomium is not known to be or have been cultivated in Iran, and while
its erratic presence cannot be entirely precluded it is definitely not a popular ornamental
fern in Iran, nor is it available through the local horticultural trade.

We are therefore of the firm opinion that Cyrtomium fortunei is a member of the
native Iranian flora. One may of course theorise that it has settled in it current site as a
result of natural long-distance dispersal, but if so, there is no way to know when that
event may have happened. The Hyrcanian forest of the Elburs range is rich in Tertiary
relic species (and genera), and there is no reason to preclude considering Cyrtomium as
one of their number.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Ms Sarah Bollendorff, Berlin, kindly produced the scanned specimen image. Brigitte
Zimmer, Berlin, assisted with consultation of the Berlin Herbarium. Christopher Fraser-
Jenkins provided valuable information on his Pakistani gatherings of Cyrtomium.

tees as aie i oe
es he a * : a

ad

at ee ty, 4 .
Figure 5. The native habitat of Cyrtomium fortunei, in Mazanderan. Photography, A.
Gholipour.

GHOLIPOUR & GREUTER: 4 NEW GENUS FOR THE FERN FLORA OF IRAN — 340

—_

PAYAME Noor UNIVERSITY SARI HERBARIUM

Fam. Dryopteridaceae No. 890 t-u!

» (omium ?

l Mazan Sari, Aghamashhd, ( € &
t052 520 m

Figure 6. One of the Iranian voucher specimens of Cyrtomium fortunei.

341 FERN GAZ. 18(8): 336-341. 2010

REFERENCES

CHRISTENSEN, C. 1930. The genus Cyrtomium. Amer. Fern J. 20: 41-52.

CONTI, F., ABBATE, G, ALESSANDRINI, A. & BLASI, C. 2005. An annotated
checklist of the Italian vascular flora. Palombi, Roma.

FRASER-JENKINS, C. R. 1992. The ferns and allies of the far west Himalaya.
Pakistan Syst. 5: 85-120.

FRASER-JENKINS, C. R. 2008. Taxonomic revision of three hundred Indian
Subcontinental pteridophytes, with a revised census list. Bishen Singh Mahendra
Pal Singh, Dehra Dun.

IWATSUKI, K. 1995. Dryopteridaceae. In: IWATSUKI, K., YAMAZAKI, T.,
BOUFFORD, D. E. & OHBA, H. (ed.), Flora of Japan. Volume I, Pteridophyta and
Gymnospermae: 120-173. Kodansha Ltd., Tokyo.

KHOSHRAVESH, R., AKHANI, H., ESKANDARI, M. & GREUTER, W. 2009: Ferns
and fern allies of Iran. Rostaniha 10, Suppl. 1.

ULLAR, S. P. 2000. An illustrated fern flora of the West Himalaya. Volume II.
International Book Distributors, Dehra )

KUNG, H.-S. (ed.) 2001. Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae. Tomus 5(2) Pteriophyta,
Dryopteridaceae (2). Science Press, Beijing [in Chinese].

LU, J.-M., LI, D.-Z., GAO, L.-M., CHENG, X. & WU, D. 2005. Paraphyly of
Cyrtomium (Dryopteridaceae): evidence from rbL and trnL-F sequence data. J. P
Res. 118: 129-135.

LU, J.-M., CHENG, X., WU, D. & LI, D.-Z. 2006. Chromosome study of the fern genus
Cyrtomium (Dryopteridaceae). Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 150: 221-228.

SHING, K.-H. 1965. A taxonomical study of the genus Cyrtomium Presl. Acta Phytotax.
Sin., Add. 1: 1-48 [in Chinese].

SALANON, R. 1998. Mémento de la flore protégée des Alpes-Maritimes. Office
National des foréts, Paris.

YATSKIEVYCH, G. 1993. 13. Cyrtomium. In: Morin, N. R. (ed.), Flora of North
America 2: 299-300. Oxford University Press, Oxford, etc.

YATSKIEVYCH, G, STEIN, D. B. & GASTONY, G. J. 1988. Chloroplast DNA
evolution and systematics of Phanerophlebia (Dryopteridaceae) and related fern
genera. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 85: 2589-2593,

FERN GAZ. 18(8):342-350. 2010 342

TWO NOVEL ASPLENIUM HYBRIDS (ASPLENIACEAE:
PTERIDOPHYTA) FROM TENERIFE, CANARY ISLANDS

F.J. RUMSEY! & A. LEONARD?

‘Dept. of Botany, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD, UK,
e-mail: F.Rumsey@nhm.ac.uk

37 Lower Bere Wood, Waterlooville, Hants., PO7 7NQ, UK
e-mail: mail@andrew-leonard.co.uk

Keywords: Asplenium hemionitis, A. aureum, A. onopteris, A. * tagananaense,
hybridization, Macaronesia

ABSTRACT

A plant closely resembling Asplenium hemionitis L. but with more dissected,
lobed fronds was discovered during a trip to the Anaga mountains, Tenerife,
Canary Islands in 2009. This was found to show almost complete spore abortion,
indicating a hybrid origin. From the associated species and frond form we
uggest the other parent to be A. onopteris L. This represents the first
documented hybrid of the rather taxonomically isolated A. hemionitis. The

ybrid, A. x tagananaense, is described and its distinguishing features given. A
further novel Asplenium hybrid, photographed in 1995 but not subsequently
refound, is identified as that between A. onopteris and A. aureum Cav. In the
absence of a specimen it is not formally described but its distinctive features are
illustrated and its occurrence reported.

INTRODUCTION

In February 2009 a small group of pteridologists led by the second author and
comprising Alison Evans, Michael Hayward, Tim Pyner and Martin Rickard went to
Tenerife. During the excursion, an odd looking fern, which several in the group
considered to be an aberrant form of Asplenium hemionitis was found. The plant had the
palmate frond form unique in the region to this species but closer examination showed
the lobes themselves to be more highly dissected, the lobules not apparent as they were
largely in the same plane as the frond and closely imbricate. The possibility that this
might constitute a hybrid was considered and accordingly photographs were taken (Fig.
1) along with a few voucher fronds (see drawing, Fig. 4a). On the groups’ return to the
British Isles these were examined by FR and found to be producing highly abortive
sporangia, strongly suggesting a hybrid origin. Comparison with recently collected
Azorean material of the very rare hybrid A. < rouyi Viane (A. scolopendrium * A.
onopteris), showed some similarities, suggesting that the other parent might also be
diploid A. onopteris. The group returned to the site in November 2009, this time
accompanied by Patrick Acock. They found the plant still to be present although no new
foliage had developed. It gave the opportunity to make additional observations about
the plant, its surroundings, etc. Apart from A. hemionitis the only other Asplenium
species closely associated (and with juvenile plants in the immediate vicinity) was
found to be A. onopteris (Fig. 2).

The possibility that A. x tagananaense is a hybrid with some other Canarian

343 FERN GAZ. 18(8): 342-350. 2010

Asplenium taxon may largely be ruled out on gross morphological grounds; the only
other taxa with an appropriate frond shape are tetraploid and would be expected to show
a greater influence on the hybrid frond form because of gene dosage effects (Bennert et
al., 1991). Asplenium x rouyi (= A. onopteris x A. scolopendrium), another extremely
rare hybrid, only ever found twice (Schafer & Rasbach, 2000), shares similarities and
the A. onopteris parent. This hybrid with the entire-fronded A. scolopendrium, a very
rare plant in the Canaries, differs in its narrower more distinctly triangular frond form,
the deeper divisions of the central lobe, the pinnules thus created more nearly at right
angles to the rachis. It also appears to have a somewhat fleshier texture common to
many A. scolopendrium hybrids (Rumsey et al., 2004).

Many years earlier AL had found another curious Asp/enium on Tenerife which from
its morphology (Figs. 3; 4b) could not be matched with any known species, although

q | \ ae . ‘. ar ae. : : LN - c

. Me ' pe J y " z.. e - A + 4 > ja 4
Figure 1. Asplenium =< tagananaense — head of Barranco de la Iglesia, Taganana,
Tenerife. Feb. 2009. Photo: Alison Evans.

RUMSEY & LEONARD: ASPLENIUM HYBRIDS FROM TENERIFE 344

from its texture strongly suggested it may be a hybrid of A. aureum Cav., seen growing
nearby. A voucher frond was collected and sent to the Department of Botany at the
Natural History Museum; most unfortunately its present whereabouts have not been
traced. Subsequent visits to the area, by a woodland trail in the hills c. 1km to the west
of Erjos, Los Silos (c. 28° 19’ 49.35”N 16° 49’ 06.77” W) at an altitude of just over
720m, revealed the locality to have changed somewhat in character and the plant could
no longer be refound. Photographs taken of the fern when first found, which
unfortunately only reveal the upper surface of the fronds, show the plant to be very
distinctive, clearly differing from A. aureum in its more dissected frond form and in its
somewhat triangular shape, the lowest pinnules just the larger. While other taxa within
the subgenus Ceterach are now known to occur on Tenerife, both morphological (frond
width) and ecological factors indicate that A. aureum is involved. Again, on the basis of
its morphology, only the 2-3 pinnate, deltate fronded A. onopteris, the only other
Asplenium species seen in the vicinity, could be the other parent. Confirmation will
however not be possible until the original specimen or similar wild plants are found.

Few hybrids are known involving members of the morphologically distinctive subgenus
Ceterach, although others are inferred in the origin of allopolyploids within this group
(Trewick et al., 2002; Van den Heede et al., 2004); most examples of F1 hybrids found
in the wild are backcrosses between allopolyploid derivatives and parental taxa (Van
den Heede & Viane, 2002). The Canarian endemic A. aureum has been demonstrated to

Figure 2. Asplenium = tagananaense in situ with juvenile plants of both putative
parents, Nov. 2009. Photo: P. Acock.

345 FERN GAZ. 18(8): 342-350. 2010

Figure 3. Asplenium aureum x A. onopteris — by forest trail c. 1km West of Erjos,
Tenerife, Oct. 1995. Photo: A. Leonard.

RUMSEY & LEONARD: ASPLENIUM HYBRIDS FROM TENERIFE 346

be an allotetraploid (Pintér & Vida, 1993). Although its parentage is still uncertain, it is
now known to be one parent of the Macaronesian endemic (Madeira, Canaries)
hexaploid A. lolegnamense Gibby & Lovis (Pintér et al. 2002) and also involved in the
origin of the Canarian endemic octoploid A. octoploideum Viane & Van den Heede (Van
den Heede et al., 2004). The derived polyploid taxa may be more locally abundant than
the more mesic A. aureum, particularly at altitude but they are more restricted in
distribution across the Canarian archipelago.

Some earlier proposed hybrids involving crosses with taxa of other subgenera have
subsequently been shown to be in error, eg. Asplenoceterach badense; only the hybrid
of tetraploid A. ceterach L. with the allotetraploid A. majoricum (A. * barrancense (W.
Bennert & D.E. Mey.) Pericas & Rossell6) has been cytologically confirmed (Rasbach
et al., 1989). However, another very rare example in which A. aureum has been
suggested to be parental is known (Hansen & Sunding, 1993). Asplenium < newmani
Bolle was described from material collected by C. Bolle in the Barranco del Rio on La
Palma in September 1852. It is a simply pinnate fern with fronds only c. 2cm broad, the
rachis above green. Known only from the type gathering now in Herbarium Berolinense
(B20 0026447), one parent is clearly either the Macaronesian endemic A. anceps or, and
on ecological grounds less likely, its more cosmopolitan relative Asplenium
trichomanes subsp. quadrivalens. Similar plants have never been refound.

DESCRIPTION
Asplenium x tagananaense F.J. Rumsey hybr. nov. (4. hemionitis L. x A. onopteris
L

Habitu et textura A. hemionitis similis, praecipue frondis plus divisus, lobatus, plus
minusve pinnatifidus, basi pinnatilobus, lobo terminali multo magis, sporae abortivus
differt.

Holotypus: Canary Islands, Tenerife, Anaga mountains, by track to Taganana near
Casa Forestal, at head of Barranco de la Iglesia, amongst rocks by path on steep slope
in Laurel woodland, with both putative parents, c. 900m, 28° 32’ 43.50” N, 16° 13’
34.50” W, Leonard et al., s.n. 2 February 2009. BM

Perennial from erect-ascending rhizome, leaves flushing annually, wintergreen,
coriaceous, glabrous, to 35 cm; petiole 1.5-2.2 x lamina length, somewhat swollen at
base, dark reddish brown for most of its length; lamina to c. 15 cm long, 12 cm broad,
palmately (3-)5 lobed, the mid lobe distinctly longer, the lobes inconspicuously divided
from '4 to % of their width, the basal more profoundly, lobes with small erect teeth at
their apices, the apices sub-acute to obtuse. Sori linear, +/- curved, sporangia failing to
mature, spores highly abortive.

Asplenium = tagananaense is most likely to be confused with its A. hemionitis
parent, various frond forms of which have been described from the Canary Islands
(Kunkel, 1966; 1967 and see Benl, 1967). While very distinctive amongst European
Asplenium because of its entire, initially deltate, later palmate frond form, variability
exists in A. hemionitis and the more markedly lobed and deeply divided forms appear
to be more prevalent and perhaps exclusive to the Canary Islands. Rare monstrose
forms such as described by Kunkel, 1966; 1967 may be similar in appearance to the
newly described hybrid, although they would not show the spore abortion it clearly
demonstrates. From the illustration in its original publication f. cristatum Kunkel
(Kunkel, 1966) is clearly not synonymous; we have seen no material of f.
pinnatipartidum Kunkel with which to compare our plants.

347 FERN GAZ. 18(8): 342-350. 2010

Figure 4

A. (right) Asplenium x tagananaense — underside of frond drawn from Holotype —
Leonard et. al., sn. (BM). Scale bar represents 1cm.

B. (left) Asplenium aureum = A. onopteris — upper surface of frond. Scale bar
represents lcm.

RUMSEY & LEONARD: ASPLENIUM HYBRIDS FROM TENERIFE 348

All herbarium material of A. hemionitis at BM has been checked and no further
examples of A. x tagananaense have been found. Given its superficial similarity to A.
hemionitis it may be overlooked but we believe it highly likely that it is genuinely,
extremely rare.

Molecular studies based on the sequencing of small portions of the plastid genome,
by which the maternal parent can be identified (Vogel et al., 1998), have been initiated
but not yet concluded.

DISCUSSION

No hybrids of Asplenium hemionitis have previously been reported (Reichstein, 1981;
Prelli, 2001). A. hemionitis is somewhat isolated within the broad genus Asplenium, the
only European example of the section Hemionitidastrum Fée (Schneider et al., 2004).
Similarly no hybrids of A. aureum have been conclusively found (the likely origin of A.

x newmani, found only once in the mid 19¢ th century, still open to debate).
Hybridization events involving A. aureum are however known to have occurred as
inferred from molecular studies of its allopolyploid progeny (Pintér et al. 2002) (Van
den Heede et al., 2004). Observations in other pteridophyte groups such as Equisetum
(Page, 1972) suggest greater levels of hybridization between phylogenetically closer
taxa, where speciation has proceeded through ecological, hence physical separation and
breeding barriers may not have been so well established. The occurrence of hybrids
may thus give some indication of relationships and where apparent inter-generic
hybrids are found give cause for taxonomic reconsideration (see recent studies in the
Orchidaceae, eg. Bateman, 2006). Generic delimitation within Aspleniaceae has long
been contentious with some apparently morphologically distinctive entities, eg.
Phyllitis, Ceterach, Pleurosorus traditionally recognised by many authors. Molecular
phylogenetic studies (eg. Schneider et al., 2004), are now contributing much to our
understanding of the relationships within this highly speciose and taxonomically
contentious genus. These studies show that these entities are firmly nested within
Asplenium and would by their recognition render it paraphyletic. Essentially, if we
recognise Phyllitis or Ceterach then an equally valid case is made for the recognition
of other segregates; even the limited British flora would see its 13 species split between
8 genera. As evidenced by the finds reported here, even where phylogenetically distant,
rare inter-specific reproductive events may occur, the offspring often instantly
threatened by the very combination of factors which (eee enabled their ——— It
is potentially these unique combinations of more disparate genomes which are the more
likely to promote polyploidy through disrupted cell division and thus fuel the abrupt
speciation of very distinctive entities. As such these plants afford us unique insights into
evolutionary mechanisms and processes but currently have no conservation standing.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The authors would like to thank the various members of the BPS who were present
during the initial discovery of A. x tagananaense and during the re-visit to Tenerife later
in 2009, particularly to those (Alison Evans, Patrick Acock) who have contributed
photos and thoughts to this publication. Particular mention should go to Martin Rickard
for immediately realising this plant was almost certainly a hybrid.

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Helvetica 91: 89-139.

RUMSEY, F.J., RUSSELL, S.J., SCHAFER, H. & RASBACH, H. (2004) Distribution,
ecology and cytology of Asplenium azoricum Lovis, Rasbach & Reichstein
(Aspleniaceae, Pteridophyta) and its hybrids. American Fern Journal 94: 113—125.

SCHAFER, H. & RASBACH, H. 2000. Asplenium = rouyi Viane (A. onopteris L. * A.
scolopendrium L. ) in the Azores (Aspleniaceae, Pteridophyta) Willdenowia 30:
219-227.

SCHNEIDER, H, RUSSELL, S.J. COX, C., BAKKER, F., HENDERSON, S.,
RUMSEY, F.J., BARRETT, J.A., GIBBY, M. & VOGEL, J.C. 2004. Chloroplast
phylogeny of asplenioid ferns based on rbcLl and trnL-F spacer sequences
(Polypodiidae, Aspleniaceae) and its implications for the biogeography of these
ferns. Systematic Botany 29: 260-274.

TREWICK, S.A., MORGAN-RICHARDS, M., RUSSELL, S.J., HENDERSON, S.,
RUMSEY, F.J., PINTER, L, BARRETT, J.A, GIBBY, M. & VOGEL, J.C. 2002.
Polyploidy, steaogs eography and Pleistocene refugia of the rockfern Asplenium
ceterach: evidence from chloroplast DNA. Molecular Ecology 11: 2003-2012.

VAN DEN HEEDE, C. J. & VIANE, R.L.L. 2002 New species and new hybrids in
Asplenium subgenus Ceterach (Aspleniaceae). Group of European Pteridologists
News 9: 1-4.

RUMSEY & LEONARD: ASPLENIUM HYBRIDS FROM TENERIFE 350

VAN DEN HEEDE, C. J., PAJARON, S., PANGUA, E. & VIANE, R.L.L. 2004.
Asplenium ceterach and A. octoploideum on the Canary Islands (Aspleniaceae,
Pteridophyta). American Fern Journal 94: 81-111.

VOGEL, J.C., RUSSELL, S.J., RUMSEY, F.J., BARRETT, J.A. & GIBBY, M. 1998.
Evidence for maternal transmission of chloroplast DNA in the genus Asplenium
(Aspleniaceae, Pteridophyta). Botanica Acta 111: 247-249.

351 FERN GAZ. 18(8). 2010
INSTRUCTIONS FOR AUTHORS

PAPERS should not usually exceed 20 printed pages and are generally expected to be
considerably shorter. Review articles, as well as reports of original research, are
encouraged. Short notes are acceptable e.g. new records. The senior author should
supply a fax and email address to facilitate correspondence.

MANUSCRIPTS should be submitted in English (British) in electronic format
(preferably) or hard copy (two copies), in 10-point Times New Roman font and double
spaced. Electronic versions of text and tables should be compatible with WORD, with
figures as pdf or jpg files, and sent as email attachments or CDroms. All manuscripts
will be refereed

THE TITLE should reflect the content of the paper and be in BOLD CAPITALS (11-
point) and centrally aligned. Generic and specific names should be in italics and any
title containing a generic or specific name must be followed by the family and
Pteridophyta in brackets e.g.

TRICHOMANES SPECIOSUM (HYMENOPHYLLACEAE:
PTERIDOPHYTA) IN SOUTHERN SPAIN

AUTHOR ABBREVIATIONS should follow Pichi Sermolli's (1996) Authors of

scientific names in Pteridophyta, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

MAIN HEADINGS: should be in BOLD CAPITALS (10-point) and centrally
aligned.

SUBSIDIARY HEADINGS: should be in bold, the first letter of each word in capitals,

the rest in lower case and left-aligne

AUTHORS' NAMES AND FULL ADDRESSES: follow the title and are centrally

aligned.

KEY WORDS: up to

ABSTRACT: should cian the content of the paper.

FIGURES: there is no distinction between photographs and line drawings in

numbering. All should be presented in a form ready for reproduction, ideally in JPG

format (please contact editor with queries), with a scale bar where appropriate.

Lettering or numbers (Arabic) should be in the bottom left using uppercase Times

Roman and be sufficiently large to be legible if reduction is necessary during printing.

The number of photographs allowed in any one issue is limited by cost. Figure captions

should be on a separate sheet.

TABLES: can be printed in either portrait or landscape format. Authors should consider

this when preparing tables. Authors should ensure that tables fit the printed page size in

a legible form.

TS: should follow the metric system
CHECKLISTS: ‘abduitd follow the format of Baksh- Comeau, Fern Gaz. 16(1, 2): 11-

pia ca should follow the style of a recent issue of The Fern Gazette, e.g.:-

HOOKER, W.J. 1864. Species Filicum, 5. Dulau & Co., London.

MORTON, C.V. 1947. The American species of Hymenophyllum, section
Sphaeroconium. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 29(3): 139-201.

STEVENSON, D.W. & LOCONTE, H. 1996. Ordinal and familial relationships of
pteridophyte genera. In: CAMUS, J.M., GIBBY, M. & JOHNS, R.J. (Eds)
Pteridology in perspective, pp. 435-467. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

JOURNAL ABBREVIATIONS: should follow Botanico Periodicum Huntianum &

Supplements.

Alterations from the original text at proof stage will be charged for unless they are

minor points of detail. Twenty-five offprints will be supplied free to the senior author.

ee eee Il Qc

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VOLUME 18 PART 8 2010

A new genus for the fern flora of Iran: Cyrtomium
A. Gholipour & W. Greuter

Cs bare 2,3 i >
ae: yta) from Tenerife,