Missouri Botanical Garden PETER H. RAVEN LIBRARY Pagination Note: Since many of the items lack a specific page number, the page number displayed online refers to the sequentially created number each item was given upon cataloging the materials. 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 copyright reserved Missouri BOTAN ICAL Garden cm [JdC^iovi gB3avd mwn??^ 3980139 s ;i iteoss&h ^goav©- ■-.•—- 4,hS5 : cm 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 copyright reserved CAL PARASITE PLANTS. Soon after leaving Sta. Rosa the hill- sides are seen to be covered with the tall candelabra-like Cactus, Cereus Quisco. It has a most strange appearance. Other forms of Cacti, each adapted to the climate of a particular altitude, succeed one another as the slopes of the Andes are climbed, those that lie highest being dwarf forms, scarcely rising above the ground. On the Cereus Quisco grows a Mistleto ( Loranthus aphyllus) . This Mistleto is most remarkable, be- cause, , "Ilke the plant on which it is parasitic, it is entirely devoid of leaves. It is extremely abundant, growing on nearly all the Cereus trees, and is very conspicuous, because its short stems are of a bright pink colour. I could not understand what it was at first, as it looked like a pink inflorescence of some kind belonging to the Cactus. Mr. Thiselton Dyer has examined the mass of parasitic tissue of this Mistleto, which draws the nourishment from the in- terior of the stem of the Cactus. He finds that having a soft and succulent matter in which to ramify, the basal fibres of the parasite form a large spongy mass of great size within the stem of the Cactus, which curiously simulates a mass of mycelium, such as pro- duced by 1 a parasitic fungus. The fact that the Mistleto growing on a leafless Cactus has no leaves itself, reminded me of a remark which Sir William MacArthur made to me in New South Wales. He told me that he had noticed that the Mistleto grow- ing on the various species of Gum trees (Eucalyptus) simulated in their foliage that of the tree on which they grew, solhat from that reason they were difficult to find. He pointed out to me examples. The leaves of one Australian species of Mistleto (Loran- thus celastroides), which grows on a species of Euca- lyptus, are so like those of the Eucalyptus itself that the varieties of the species have been termed L. eucalyptifolius. The Australian species of Loranthus have commonly two very different forms of leaves, broad and narrow. In the case of L. celastroides ^ the broad-leaved varieties grow on Banksias mostly, and the narrow-leaved on Eucalypti ; but both forms occur on a species of Casuarina, which is a tree with narrow needle-like leaves ; all gradations occur be- tween the two varieties of this Mistleto. * Loranthus aphyllus is the only Loranthus without leaves. It grows only upon the Cereus Quisco. There ar& how- ever, species of the genus Misodendron / of the : Mistleto family which are leafless, and yet /grow on trees with well developed leaves, as the Fuegian Beech trees, Probably the leafless Mistleto on the Cactus has got rid of its leaves for the same reason as the Cactus, viz., to minimise loss of moisture by evapo- ration in an arid climate — the Australian Mistletos Y possibly for adapting their leaves to the forms of those i of the Gum trees in order to benefit the trees, and e thus themselves, by interfering as little as possible with the vegetation at the roots of their host. They ff can hardly be supposed to gain by being incon- e ^picuous, but must rather be certain to lose thereby. Notes of a Naturalist on the “ Challenger ,” by H. N 11 Moseley. • 0 1 2 345678910 Missouri Botanical cm copyright reserved garden 5k5£*'*J S?-* 7 - 144 ^ ''If 74 florida, 276, ’44 ; c 2c:“ buddleoides, 654, v„ CoryAnthes"’ 654, Vm C |i^|. 54 4 ,’fr -ggfc “IS: ilB^ 3SSSE 48 c “llEF®’' C °ii s TlboJi!jenningsii) 0T £lsEk°6i'& C0 LQ ^- 69 tomentosa, 793, i., >4 aggs*^ ■MS COMAROSTAPHYLIS— COMB b R E TUM S ’ 463 ’ >43 coiSS? 9 ^ 41 '' 74 deficiensvariegata, 558,1158, prostrata, nc8, '60 BSSM, mm COMPARETTIA^ ^ jgH S^- gof - is57 '' 7a at,Craigo House, 400, is., Mr. Fowler’s notes on, 4 r, 75. I3 1l: 710, tv., 75, ■ Sgsraiw-,. rare, 134, 194, 295, 324,. 356, S*? i c structure of, 247, x., ’7] •fe” sSSIw 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 910 Missouri Botanical cm copyright reserved garden Missouri Garden George Engelmann Papers should be churned every day, the butter thoroughly worked, and the dairy kept perfectly clean. Cheese factories in England. — The manufacture of cheese by the factory system is an American idea, and until recently has been exclus- ively an American enterprise. During 1870 the system was introduced into England, and two factories were established in Derbyshire. No Englishman was found to possess sufficient experience to manage them, and two Americans, named Schermerhorn, were engaged to perform this service. Both factories are now in successful operation. Koumiss.— This is the name of an article of food recently introduced into England from Germany. It is of Tartar origin, and in its original form is made by fermenting mare’s milk and agitating it during the pro- cess. Cow’s milk is used as a substitute. The result of the treatment is a mixture of alcohol, carbonic acid, lactic acid, and finely divided caseine and butter, with the residue of the sugar and salts of the milk, in taste resembling a mixture of champagne and cream, and supposed, as the Tartars are very athletic, to> be conducive to health a,m\ a pre- ventive of phthisis. Preservation offruits and vegetables. — An invention of Mr. Buchanan for preserving fruits and vegetables is attracting some atten- tion in England. The moisture is expelled by a cold dry process, instead of the former modes of desiccation by heat. It is said to preserve vege- tables and fruits in a much more perfect and palatable state than the Leitcli & Corlies r S~^H7 Missouri 'Botanical Garde* te&ft&E Engelmann Papers 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Missouri Botanical cm copyright reserved garden BOTAN ICAL cm copyright reserved Carden MISSOURI botanical GEORGE ENGELMANN Papers Botanical cm copyright reserved garden Botanical cm copyright reserved garde s'ssro Missouri Botanical Garden George Engelmann Papers 0 1 2 345678910 Missouri Botanical cm copyright reserved garden 25, WILTON PLACE. * lM^ s - w - **A 'ZjpLf u^&tce^L-? ^7(y s^jy'-e t-£c-*cJY^\ lT' sZOiLf C&^tz) ^ < 2 ^ %£jiig> 'SV'C*^) <^X 'HCgurffes* A^ct-e^y a^cJ~^Ct/^f /-/%J>s W^<. fa'e^/~^e^g^suu-u^ S' a-^&giy, & J^sfcsCt) tfCC£C-***Xs€gj pr/C^yO-iL^^ *>\ ^/r£-gr^Zct^\ ) i^^7VV( y^^rzLtj <1*i%~StJ^ stH ^/Cx^l* a-*3 sfu cjuLtA*ct*~ *-*if~*J ^Cef^ rf**-. " &SY4t-**A4 c-t-is) +UuUt ^ ^i^c, 4 ^m*S> -*t^t4L4x. - c\ /ftc si* a-t , (^/ i§S< slZfafax accfah. 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