MEXICAN, CENTRAL AMERICAN, AND PORTO RICAN PLANTS -~ ADVERTISEMENT. The United States National Herbarium, which was founded by the Smithsonian Institution, was transferred in the year 1868 to the Department of Agriculture, and continued to be maintained by that Department until July 1, 1896, when it was returned to the official custody of the Smithsonian Institution. The Department of Agri- culture, however, continued to publish the series of botanical reports entitled ‘Contributions from the United States National Herba- rium,” begun in the year 1890, until, on July 1, 1902, the National Museum, in pursuance of an act of Congress, assumed responsibility for the publication. The first seven volumes of the series were issued by the Department of Agriculture. RICHARD RATHBUN, Acting Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. Il LR. 7° SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL HERBARIUM Votume VIII —<—<—<— MEXICAN, CENTRAL AMERICAN, AND PORTO RICAN PLANTS ROSE, COOK and COLLINS, MAXON WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1903-1905 NOTE. The four parts of Volume VIII of the Contributions were published as follows. Part 1, pp. 1 to 56, June 16, 1903. Part 2, pp. 57 to 270, June 27, 1903. Part 3, pp. 271 to 280, June 27, 1903. Part 4, pp. 281 to 339, April 20, 1905. IV PREFACE. In the act of Congress making appropriation for the Department of Agriculture for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1889, provision was made for botanical exploration and the collecting of plants in little known districts of America. The results of the work carried on under this and later appropriations for similar purposes, both in the Department of Agriculture and in the N ational Museum, have been published from time to time in the Contributions from the United States National Herbarium. Two of these papers included in the present volume are a continu- ation of the researches of Dr. J. N. Rose on the flora of Mexico, a partial result of his third and fourth journeys to that country, which have enabled him to supplement his critical herbarium studies by valuable field observations. Throughout the progress of the work the scientific value of this field experience has been manifest and the wisdom of the Museum’s policy of giving the critical student oppor- tunities of this kind has been fully confirmed. The extension of American jurisdiction over Porto Rico and the Philippine Islands in the year 1898 created a demand for information regarding the plants of those islands. Both areas contained a tropical flora, and American botanists had devoted little attention to the study of tropical plants. The information demanded regarding the Porto Rican flora was largely of a popular and commercial character and was not at all to be satisfied by the existing and available tech- nieal works on the West Indian flora. In the course of their investi- gations on tropical agricultural plants in Porto Rico, Mr. Cook and Mr. Collins collated a large amount of information on the economic plants of that island such as was not suitable for incorporation in their detailed reports on staple and special agricultural plants, which are published by the United States Department of Agriculture. This information has been brought together in the paper on Economic Plants of Porto Rico, included in this volume. Fortunately the plant names in use among the people of Porto Rico are applied with approximate precision, so that by adding the botanical identification of a plant to its Porto Rican popular name we have in most Instances a direct key to its botanical name and position. Furthermore, the use of illustrations reproduced from good photographs conveys ina simple and direct way information which no amount of technical description could replace. Freperick V. CoviILuEe, Curator of the United States National Herbarium. Vv ies | CONTENTS. Page. Stupies OF MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN PLANTS—No.3. By J. N. Rose. 1 Introductory note... 22... ..00000020 002022 ee eee eee 1 Commelinaceac..........0...5-.--02 22222222 eee eee eee 5 Neotreleasea.... 2.2 22..2.-020-00-00 20200002 c cece ee eee ee ee ee eee eee eee 5 Amaryllidaceae........2...-2...-2..-..00..2000 202022 e eee eee eee eee eee eee 8 Revision of Polianthes with new species. .............2222222-2-2--- 8 Prochnyanthes and its species... 2.20.22... 2 eee eee 13 Manfreda and its species....................-.22-22--2022-----2220---- 15 Aristolochiaceade.. 2.00.2 eee eee 23 New name for an Aristolochia................0.2..22-.-22---22---00-- 23 Papaveraceae.. 2.2.0.2 ee eee eee 2 The Mexican species of Argemonc..........2.------2----22-2222002- 23 Ranunculaceae ..........2..2.0-0-2---20 220-0022 27 New species of Thalictrum.............-.-.-.---------------------- 27 Brassicaceae... ......2..0.2 2250222020202 eee eee eee 28 New species of Draba.........22-0.00 00-0 ee eee eee ee 28 Rosaceae... 22.222. ce eee eee eee 30 Two new species of Potentilla.........0.....0...02.2..0.-.22--2220--- 30 Mimosaceae.......2.0.020 02222 ee eee eee eee eee 3] New species of Acacia, Mimosa, and Pithecolobium...............---- 31 Viciaceae. 2.0.0.0 eee eee eee 34 Synopsis of the species of Cologania .............-.-.-.------------- 34 List of the species of Harpalyce with two new descriptions. ........... 42 Climacorachis, a new genus..............2..2--2--22002 022 e ee eee eee 43 Ramirezella, a new genus......2-.---------02--022 22 eee eee eee eee eee 44 A new species of Bradburya with revision of two names.........------ 45 New species of several genera... 2.222002 202222 46 Malpighiaceae..... 22.2... 22.2222 ee eee eee eee 49 New species of three genera.............-...222-0--0022------2-2-------- 49 Meliaceae . 2.2.2.2... 22222 ee ee 50 A new Trichilia..............-..-2---2---2-2--02-02 2022022222 e eee eee 50 Rhamnaceae.......2....2--2-22--222-0202 20222222 eee eee 50 A new Colubrina..........-2-.-2-2-0-2--5-2020000000 00222 e eee eee eee eee ee 50 New species of Rhamnus........-.---.----------------------2----- 50 Vitaceane.. 02.2 ee eee eee eee 51 A new Ampelopsis............2..0.0002220200 002020002 e eee eee eee eee 5 Theaceae..........2-.-22-2 2222-02222 eee eee eee eee 52 New species of Saurauja........-..22---2---0----20---0 22000222 e eee 52 Cornaceae... 2.22.22. 2 26222 cece eee eee cece eee 53 The Mexican species of Cornus..........2...2---22---2---22----2----- 53 A new Garrya.......-.-2--.--.22-2-----2222----202 22-222 e eee eee eee 55 Cucurbitaceae..........2..222020 2222s 5d A new Schizocarpum............-..02- 0022000222 e eee ee eee eee eee ee 5d Vill CONTENTS. Economic Piants or Porro Rico. By O. F. Cook and G. N. Collins...... Introduction...............2.02.22. 22002002202 Economic plants imperfectly known...............-.2.2..-.222----- Materials included and arrangement of list.............22.022....2-.. Misplaced common names ........-..2.--.-2222-.-2-20002002 02 eens eee References to botanical literature .............0..22.02.222--202----- Books on Porto Rican plants................2..0.22.22222--202---2--- Personal field work, acknowledgments, and desideratum.............. Catalogue of economic plants of Porto Rico..............2...2..2.--.----- A STUDY OF CERTAIN MEXICAN AND GUATEMALAN SPECIES OF PoLypopiuM. By William R. Maxon. .............000.0 202000002222 eee eee eee eee StuDIES OF MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN PLANTS—No. 4. ByJ.N. Rose. Introductory notes. .......22. 02020000 e eee eee eeeee Poaceae. . 2.2.2... 2.22 eee eee eee Some grasses from Popocatepetl...............2..22.2022-2-2-20220--- Cyperaceae. 0.22... eee cece neces Notes on Carex madrensis and the Carer pinetorwm of Liebmann...... Betulaceae.. 2.0.2.0. eee eee eee Notes on Ostrya, with two new species....................-2-22------ Brassicaceae... 2.20.0... 20222 cence e eee. A new genus, Ornithocarpa...........20020.00.2.002..22..-2-------- Three species of old genera........ 00000000002 oe eee ee Crassulaceae.. 2.2.22... 22 eee eee Two new species of Echeveria................0.0..2.2.200022--000000-- Grossulariaceae. 2.2.2.2... eee eee peeeeee A synopsis of the Mexican species of Ribes...........20.0...2..2----- Mimosaceae...........02. 202222 eee eee eee cece eeeeee A new species and a new name............0...00222-0222220 202 e eee Caesalpiniaceae.... 2.2.2... 2 202 ee Three new species of Cercidium...............0..2.20..202. 000-222 --- New name for a Cassia..... 2.002220 0 00000002 eee eee Viciaceae............2..22-2--- The pediceled species of Parosela in Mexico A fascicle of new lupines.... Four new species of Indigofera Three new species of Phaseolus New species of several genera Erythroxylaceae... 2.22.22 0 2.02.02 Descriptions of four species of Erythroxylon...............2.......-.. Meliaceae....... 2.222222 022222 cee eee cence eee ee A new Spanish cedar from central Mexico..............2......--2---.- Polygalaceae.... 2.22.02. 2 22 eee eee eee ee A new Polygala..........2...20...2-0-.-00000000 000 c cece eee eee Vitaceae. 2.22.2... eee ence ee eee A new grape from eastern Mexico. :.............0....0022-2-----2------ Tillaceae. 2.2.2.2... eee eee Notes on Heliocarpus, with new species...................-.---.-2--- Two new basswoods..........-2222-2--.--.--20 00000 eee e eee ee eee eee Malvaceae... 0... 0.0.02 2 222 eee eee eee eee Three new Abutilons ............2.-0.00.0-0200000000 0000 e eee ee eee eee Two new Kosteletzkyas and Two species of Robinsonella aNCW Name... 2.2... eee 281 28] 287 287 290 290 29] 29] 293 293 294 294 294 295 295 300 300 301 301 301 302 302 306 310 31] 312 313 313 314 314 315 315 315 315 315 315 317 318 318 319 319 i Nad CONTENTS. IX Srupres or Mexican AND Central AMERICAN PLANTS—Continued. Page. Bombaceae............-....---------2--2- 2022222 e eee eee eee eee eee eee 320 Two new species of Ceiba and a new name...................-22.--- 320 Sterculiaceae.... 0... 222 eee eee eee eee 321 Two new species of Ayenia....................2222-2---22----2-22--- 321 A new Melochia.................-.-.-.-------2--------2-222-2-02 2 e- 321 Theaceac.........22-222.202-0202 2222 eee eee eee eee 321 The Mexican species of Taonabo..............--..---.--------22----- 321 Begoniaceae. 2.2... 202 ee ene eee eee eee 324 A peculiar Bégonia from southern Mexico..............-------------- 324 Melastomataceae.......2.2.-..22202220-020002 0022 eee eee eee eee 325 Restoration of Schizocentron................--.------2-5--202-2 ee ee 325 A synopsis of the species of Heterocentron........................0-- 326 New species of two genera..............22222-0-0---00-- 2-2-0222 e eee eee 327 Onagraceae.........0 2222202. eee 327 Introductory note.............2-----2---- 2222222 eee eee eee eee 327 New Hartmannias.............2--2-2---.-----2---0022 2022-2 e eee eee 328 New names in Lavauxla...........2.-2---..22-------00-----00020----- 329 Raimannia, a new genus................-222222022222000-2---------- 330 Apiaceae. .......2...22-5222-0020 22002 eee eee eee 331 Introductory note... ........--.-2.2.22----202 2222222 eee ee eee eee 331 New and recent species of Eryngium...................-------2----- 332 Five new species of Prionosciadium..............-.....0222-2-00002- 334 New species of several genera...........0022..0002-.-02----00---2-00-- 336 Cucurbitaceae.........2.222-2. 22222 eee 337 Two new species. ......-.--. 222.2020 0 cee eee eee eee eee eee ee eee 337 A synopsis of the Mexican species of Ribes (continued)..............-.-- 338 Frontispiece, ILLUSTRATIONS, PLATES. Facing page Porto Rico Royal Palm (Roysionea boringuena). ) ! fi Prats [. Malvaviseus lanceolatus.............--.------------ a | Il. Neotreleasea brevifolia............-.-.--------- +--+ +--+: 6 ILL. Potentilla madrensis.......000.00.--22-0 002000222 e ee ee eee 30 [V. Potentilla rydbergiana......-.........02-.-.---------------- 30 V. Cologania capitata...... 0.0.0... 2-20-0222 4] VI. Crotalaria viminalis......000.00-----0002-02-2--+----- — 17 VIL. Indigofera platycarpa..........-.----- +++ +--+ 222222 eee 47 VILL. Lupinus submontanius......0.-.------- 2220222 e ee eee eee A7 IX. Phaseolus oavacanus..........2.2-2-.2--2-222202-222 2002 2- 48 X. Phaseolus pedatus.........--..2.-22 2-0-0022 002eeeeeeee 48 XI. Colubrina meqacarpa.............2----+----------------- 48 XI. Saurauja pringlei............---2-2-5--5------- +--+ -5---- 48 XILL. Porto Rico Royal Palm (Roystonea borinquena), At Juana Diaz. ......2.2.0.-------2-2--2 20222 Frontispiece, XIV. Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) showing healthy and dis- eased fruits. From Santurce............---.---------- 63 XV. Acacia amarilla ( Albtzzta lebbek). Near Juana Diaz... ... 70 XVI. Alpinia nutans. Near Caguas........-------+---+------ 73 XVIL. Anthurium acaule. Military road near Aibonito.......-. 82 XVIII. Antigonon leptopus. Coamo Springs.........----------- 82 XIX. Flamboyant blanco (Bauhinia kappleri). Coamo Springs. 90 XX. Ucar tree (Bucida buceras), Coamo Springs.......-.-.--- 96 XXI. Almacigo (Bursera simaruba). Near Coamo Springs... - 97 XXII. Algodon de seda (Calotropis procera). Road near Guayama — 101 XXIII. Palo de burro ( Capparis cynophallophora), fruit and leaves. Near Coamo Springs .......----.-.-------------++-+-- 104 XXIV. Ceiba tree (Ceiba pentandra). Near Ponce......---------- 11] XXV. Stem and edible fruit of Cereus sp. At Guayama....... 112 XXVI. Icaco (Chrysobalanus icaco), Rio Piedras .....-..------- 114 XXVIL. Péndulo colorado ( Citharerylum quadrangulare). Road be- " tween Ponce and Adjuntas................------------ 116 XXVIII. Cupey (Clusia rosea). Near Yauco.........-.----------- 119 XXLX. Job’s tears (Coir lachryma-jobi). Near Rio Piedras... -- 122 XXX. Moral tree (Cordia macrophylla). Coamo Springs ......--- 127 NXNI. Cerezas (Cordia nitida), Ponce ......2.0...--------+---- 127 XXNIL. Calabash tree (Crescentia cujete). San Anton near Rio Piedras. . 0.0.02. 2.22 02-22 eee eee ee ee ee eee eee ee 129 XXNIITT. Concombre (Cucumis anguria). Coamo Springs ......---- 130 XXXIV. Virgin forest of tabonuco (Dacryodes hecandra). At Isolina 182 XXXV. Jaguey (Ficus lentiginosa). Road between Ponce and Ad- > juntas... 2222222222 ee eee eee ee 145 XI XII ILLUSTRATIONS. Facing page Puate XXXVI. Guacima (Guazuma guazuma). Coamo Springs. ......-.----- 155 XXXVI. Heckerva peltata; inflorescence and center of leaf. Near Rio Piedras ........22...2 2.200222 ee eee eee eee eee 158 XXXVIIL. Heekeria umbellata; inflorescence and center of leaf, Near Rio Piedras ........2-.-.--2---+---20 2-22-0002 e ee eee eee ee 158 XXXIX. Talantala (//erpetica alata). At Catanio..... 2... wee eee ee eee 159 XL. Lira (/ibiscus schizopetalus). Garden of the — Captain- General, Rio Piedras .........-2------2---2--+--2-0 eee e eee 160 XLI. Pods of algarrobo (//lymenaca courbarii). Mayaguez Market .. 164 XLIT. Physic nut (Jatropha eurcas). Catafio..........------5----- 171 XLIII. Mangle blanco (Laguncularia racemosa), flowers, seeds, and seedlings. Catano......-.......2-.2-+2-02--22--22------- Vo XLIV. Molinillo (Leonotis nepetacfolia).............2-2-----52------ 174 XLV. China berry ( Melia azedaruch). Coamo Springs. ......-.---- 190 XLVI. Cundeamor ( Momordica charantva). Rio Piedras......--.--- 193 XLVIIL. Cork wood (Ochroma lagopus). Bayamon ..........--.--...-. 205 XLVIIL. Spineless Opuntia. Near Guayama ..............------- 1. 206 XLIX. Para grass (Panicum molle), Aibonito ..........-.-..2----- 21) L. Emajagua (Paritium tiliaceum). Caguas ........2..-2.------ 212 LI. Pentaraphia albiflora, Cayey.........2 0.222.220 eee eee 215 LIL. Tachuelo (Pictetia aristata), Coamo Springs........-.------- 218 LILI. Tachuelo (Pictetia aristata), showing aristate leaves. Aibonito. 218 LIV. Flame tree (Poinciana regia). In the Plaza, Caguas. ....... 0 223 LV. Berengena cimarrona (Solanwm torvim). Quebrada Arenas... 248 LVI. Anacagiiitas (Sterculia carthaginensis). Near Ponce.......... 245 LVIT. Almendro ( Terminalia catappa). Quebrada Arenas... 2... -- 250 LVIII. Santa Maria ( Thespesia populnea). Near Ponee......-..-.-- 253 LIX. Santa Maria ( Thespesia populnea), showing fruit. Ponce... 258 LX. Guanabancilla cimarrona (Vinceloxicum sp). Near Coamo Springs...-....--.-2. 5022220022222 e eee eee eee eee 262 LXI. Pinnae of Polypodium spp .......-.----------+---2-------+-- 278 LXII. Polypodium adelphum.............--.-.0--5-0 022 22222-022--- 280 LXIIT. Carex peucophila...........0.-0.0000 00002 eee eee 290 LXIV. Ornithocarpa fimbriata.......00..2-..0020200 22020222 293 LXV. Synthlipsis lepidota ........0.000000 000020222 e eee eee ee eee 294 LXNVI. Rubes rugosum.... 2-22.22 eee eee 22. B00 LXVII. Nosteletzkya malvaviscana.........-.-22--.22--02220 2202222 ee 319 LXVIII. Nosteletzkya violacea......0....20.0002-- 20222222 319 LXIX. Taonabo oocarpa..........--2--220 202-2222 2 2 eee eee 322 LNX. Begonia unifolia .. 2.200000 eee 324 LXXI. Conostegia minuteflora.... 2.0.2.2 eee ee 327 LXXII. Monochaetuwm pringlet ...........-000-.--22-0 2202 eee eee 327 TEXT FIGURES. Page. ia. 1. Flowers of Polwanthes palustris........ 02002-00250 25 20022 9 2. Flowers of Polianthes durangensis..........0.-.-.-----222---225--+2+- 9 3. Flowers of Polianthes tuberosa..........0 0-0-2222 22 eee ee eee 10 4 Flowers of Polianthes geminiflora............0.022222-2---5-50 0020222 e- 12 5. Flowers of Prochnyanthes viridescens ..........----22-.-2202202002---5 14 6. Flower of Manfreda virginica... 2.2.2... 0.002222 - 22 ee ee 15 7. Pods of Acacia amlnugua... 2... ..00220-2022 0000222 ee 31 8. Pod of Acacia unijuga..... 22.0.2 eee : 32 9. Pod of Mimosa hemrendyta..........-...--.0.-02-0 002-2 eee eee 32 — - Fia. 10. 11. 12. 13. i. 15. 1é. 17. 18. 19. ILLUSTRATIONS, Mimosa hemiendyta.... 2.22.0 202 ee eee Fruit of Aspicarpa Lawn of Meibomia lunala . 2.2222 trijlora. Coamo Springs . ..........-....--2----- Almendra, fruit of Terminalia catappa, Catafio. ......22...-2...-.-- Eryngium pilularioides. 2... ..2.0000 0200202 ee eee ee Erynguum pringler XIIT Page. 303 (ls tihewk SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE UNITED STATES MATIONAL HERBARIUM VotuME VIII, Parr |] STUDIES OF MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN PLANTS—No. 3 By J. N. ROSE WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 190 3 II NOTE. IssuED JUNE 16, 1908. PREFACE. In the act of Congress making appropriation for the Department of Agriculture for the fiscal year ending June 380, 1889, provision was made for botanical exploration and the collecting of plants in little- known districts of America. In the following year began the publi- cation of reports on this work, under the general title, Contributions from the U. S. National Herbarium. From 1890 to 1902 seven volumes were published, The present paper, the first to be issued since the transfer of the Contributions from the Department of Agri- culture to the United States National Museum, is a continuation of Dr. J. N. Rose’s researches on the flora of Mexico, the earlier parts of which appeared in the fifth volume of the Contributions. Dr, Rose began his work on Mexican plants in 1889, and, besides examining several collections made by others, he has himself made three journeys to Mexico, which have enabled him to supplement his critical herba- rium studies by valuable field observations, All the types and a full set of the other specimens on which the paper is based are deposited in the U. S. National Herbarium, now a part of the collections of the U.S. National Museum. Freperick VY. CoviLir, Curator of Botany. IIL CONTENTS. Introductory note ........-----2-2----------- 2-222 eee eee eee eee eee Commielinaceae .......--.---------------- 2-22-22 e eee eee eee eee eee eee Neotreleasea .......-2--.-----------+ 2-22-2020 2 2 eee ee eee ee eee eee Amaryllidaceae ...........----2--+------+-----------0---0 0220-22-22 ee ee eee Revision of Polianthes with new species ...........-------------------- Prochnyanthes and its species. .......2222---..222-----.2---------+------- Mantfreda and its species ......222---------------- 222-2202 eee eee eee eee Aristolochiaceae. 2.2.20. 0... eee ee ne ce nee eee New name for an Aristolochia...........-.-...-.-.--.----------------5- rapaveracede 2.2.2.2... 222-222-022 ee ee eee eee The Mexican species of Argemone......2...-.--------2---2---2--------- Ranunculaceae .......----.-2---------------- 22 ee eee eee eee eee New species of Thalictrum ...........2.-..2.-------------------------- Brassicaceae ......---------2-------- 2-2-2 ee eee eee New species of Draba.........2----2-2----------------------2-2----------- Rosaceae 2.2.2... ee ee eee eee ee ee eee eee Two new species of Potentilla .........2....--..22-------2------------- Mimosaceas. 2.222... 2 0c e eee eee ee ee ee eee eee New species of Acacia, Mimosa, and Pithecolobium...........---------- Viciaceae ...22. 22222 eee eee eee eee eee eee eee eee eee Synopsis of the species of Cologania...........2-..-....-+---------------- List of the species of Harpalyce with two new descriptions ..........-.-- Climacorachis, anew genus .....-...-.--.------2------------------------ Ramirezella, a new genus.......---....--.------ 2-22-22 eee eee eee eee A new species of Bradburya with revision of two names .......--------- New species of several genera ......2--2-.-------.-------------+--------- Malpighiaceae ......2.......22----------. ---------- 2-2-2 eee New species of three genera.........----..-.-------------------------- Meliaceae.........--2------------- 2-2-2 ee eee A new Trichilia ....0...2-------2--2.0..0....22--2------------------------ Rhanimaceae ......22--------- 2-002 - eee ee ee eee eee eee A new Colubrina.......------------+-------- 0-2-2 eee eee eee eee New species of Rhammus..........2.---------------------------------- Vitaceae 22.2.2... eee eee eee ee ee eee eee A new Ampelopsis ........2-------------------------------- +e ee eee Theaceae ......2....0-2--22- 222-22 2 ee eee eee New species of Saurauja.........-.-----------------------+-5 2-22 eee Cornaceae .......-.2------- 2-2-2 22 ee nee en eee eee eee The Mexican species of Cornus ...............------------------------- A new Garrya... 22222-2222 een eee ee eee ee eee eee eee Cucurbitaceae...... 2-2-2. 02-222 eee ee eee eee A new Schizocarpum .......22.----------------+---- 2-2 - ee eee eee Page. ILLUSTRATIONS. PLATES. Facing page. Puate I. Malvaviseus lanceolatus 20... 0c eee nee eee ee eeees I Il. Neotreleasea brevifolia .. 0... eee ee nee eee eee eee 6 III. Potentilla madrensis..... 2.0 cece nce ence eee eee ee eees 30 IV. Potentilla rydhergiana....--2.-2.2- 22222 eee ee eee ees 30 V. Cologania capitata. 2.0.22. eee eee eee een eee eee ee eee ee eee eee 41 VI. Crotalaria viminalis. ....2--.----2----22 22 cee eee ee ee ees 47 VIL. Indigofera platycarpa .........000.222222-2 22222 eee ee eee 47 VILL. Lupinus submontanus ... 2... 2. eee eee ene eee eee eee eee 47 TX. Phaseolus 0€0NCONUS 0.00. c ee ne eee eee eee 48 X. Phaseolus pedatus ........000 00.0 eee ee eee eee eee 48 XI. Colubrina megacarpa 1... 0.2.02 ee en eee eee ee eee eee 48 XII. Saurauja pringlet.. 2.2... cee ee cn eee eee ee eee eee 48 TEXT FIGURES. Page. Fic. 1. Flowers of Polianthes palustris ........-2--2---2-2-2 020200 eee eee eeee 9 2. Flowers of Polianthes durangensis ....-.------+----20 202 e eee ee eee 9 3. Flowers of Polianthes tuberosa......2--. 2-22-0222 eee eee eee ee 10 4. Flowers of Polianthes geminiflora .....-...---.22-+2+-2-+---2+-+-+--- 12 5. Flowers of Prochnyanthes viridescens ........+.----++++--+-++-----+-- 14 6. Flower of Manfreda virginica. .........-.--+++-++++--+-- ween eee eens 15 7. Pods of Acacia ambigua ........ 0.022222 ee ee eee ee eee eee 31 8. Pod of Acacia unijuga .... 2. eee ee eee eee eee eee eee eens 32 9. Pod of Mimosa hemiendyta .......222. 0220002222022 e eee cee eee eee 32 10. Mimosa hemiendyta..........222202 2202-2222 eee eee 33 11. Fruit of Aspicarpa lanata......-.--2-------- 22-22-02 e eee ee eects 49 Contre Nat. Herb VoLV TL pcan estate ELA » PLATE |. STUDIES OF MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN PLANTS—NO, 3. By J. N. Roser. INTRODUCTORY NOTE. These studies are a continuation of those published in the fifth vol- ume of these Contributions and are based chiefly on the collections there referred to. It embraces also a part of the results of the writer’s second and third journeys in Mexico. My second journey was made in company with Dr. Walter Hough, of the United States National Museum, and extended over a period of more than two months (May to July 15,1809). At this time collections were made in the States of Chihuahua, Aguas Calientes, Mexico, Jalisco, Puebla, Vera Cruz, Hidalgo, and Oaxaca. The third journey was made in company with Robert Hay, then of this Division, and extended over a period of two months (June 26 to August 31, 1901). Collections were made in most of the same States as were visited on the second journey. Mount Orizaba and Popoca- tepetl were both visited and extensive collections made on them. None of the plants from these mountains are mentioned herein, as it is intended to present them in a paper on the high-mountain flora of Mexico. The herbarium material collected during the second and third jour- neys embraces more than 2,200 numbers (Nos. 4201-6416). Besides the herbarium specimens many consignments of bulbs, roots, and seeds were sent to Washington, some going to the National Botanic Garden, and others to the Department of Agriculture. Most of these have lived and a considerable number have flowered, as will be seen from the accompanying table. Mr. Rose’s plants which have flowered in Washington. ———— Catalogue Name. Date of flowering. number. Argemone platyceras Link & Otto ...----------+---------- July 6, 1900... 730 Argemone ochroleuca Sweet ...-+++-------++ 2022252525207 1900......---- | 4552 Argemone grandiflora Sweet ....++---++---202e2222 252500 Aug. 15, 1900... 4884 Begonia gracilis 1. B. K ...22c2+2eeeeeeeeeeec eset eters: Oct. 15,1901... 6897 Bomaria ovata Mirbel......-------+-+---+------- 222222 eee Dec., 1899...) 4607 Crinum sp. NOV ....--.--- 20-2 ee eee eect teeter terre | Aug., 1900 and 5209 | 1902. | 2 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. Mr. Rose's plants which have flowered in Washington—Continued. Name. | Date of flowering. ‘Catalogue Cotyledon parviflora Wemsl ......2.2..2...22222---- 222 ee Aug., 1902.22.) 5209 Cotyledon (2) Spi... 20. e cece ee eee eee eee ee ee ee Dee., 1902... | 6417 Cotyledon (2) sp. NOV... 22222. eee eee eee eee eee eee ee 1902.22 5608 Cotyledon (2) batesii Wemsl...........2..-..2--2-2----- ee | 1902222222202. 6413 Licheveria glauca Baker .....2.00202 cece eee eee eee ee eens Sept. 7, 1899... 6390 Echeveria racemosa Cham. & Schlecht................---. Sept. 7, 1902... 6124 Echeveria-like plant ......2....202..2-2---22-0-2- eee ee. 1902.2. 222022. | 6073 Heheveria sp. MOV... 2.2.22. eee ee ee eee eee ee eee eee. Feb., 1902... 6393 Heheveria 8p. NOV... 2.2. ee eee ee cece ce eee. Sept. 7, 1899. | 6391 Lcheveria sp. NOV... 2.222222 222 eee eee eee ee June 15, 1899, | 4904 and Feb. 7, L901, Hoheveria 8p. NOV... 20. 222 e ee eee eee eee eee eee eee. June 15, 1902. 6412 Epidendruim vitellinum Lind] ...........-..-222---------. June 15, 1901. 6195 Hymenocallis 8p .....20--0022 0220-22-22 ee eee Apr., 1900 2... 4640 Manuillaria carnea Luce... 2.022222. e eee eee eee _ Apr. 19, 1900. . 4993 Mamillaria sp ..2.22-2 220-2002 e eee eee eee eee eee eee. | Sept. 27, 1899. . 68 Mamillaria sp 2.2 2.22222 022020 c eee eee eee eee eee. Apr., 19022... 10] Momillavia sp 2.2.2.2 2 2.0.02 ee eee eee eee eee. | 190222222202... 100 Mamillaria sp oo. 2.222220 eee eee ee | 1902. ....22.2. | 108 Mamillavia 8p ..2. 2222022200 eee eee ee eee eee 102 eee | 284 Manfreda jaliscana Rose, sp. nov ...-.....------- 2.2. ee Apr., 1900... LO Ovalis sp. NOV. .2.2.----- wee eee eee eee ee eee eee eee. | Aug. and Oct. 1508 ' 15, 1900, Ovalis tetraphylla Cay. (2) 2.022.222 ee cee eee eee eee. ' May 21, 1900, 4401 and = Sept., 1899. | Polionthes platyphylla Rose, sp. nov.......-...-222--2---. — Aug. and Oct., | 2098 | 1899, Sedum sp. MOV 2.220. .20.22222 200222 eee eee eee | July 3, 1900... 4996 Sedian Sp. NOV... 22. eee eee eee ee eee eee eee Dec. 1, 1901... 6395 Sedian ebracteatum DC .......222222--2---22----. 2 Nov. 4, 1901 _. 6396 Tuliniwm crassifolium Willd .....222222-2--------- 2-2 eee Sept. 9, 1899. _| 76 Talinopsis frutescens Gray 2.222222. 2.22222 eee eee Noy., 1901... ; 6378 Tdlandsia fasciculata Swartz...0.2...22-0.2-222--2- 22. Oct. 15, 1901. ~ 6122 Tillandsva vestita Cham. & Schlecht ...............-2--2.... 101.222.2222. | 6398 Tillandsia sp. NOV ..2.22.-.....222222-.-.2-------....... June 2, 1900 .. 4995 Tillandsia 8p 2.20 .222 22222 eee eee eee May, 1901 .... 3015 Tradescantia crassifolia Cay ..0.2.2-2222222 222 222- ee Oct. 22, 1900... 4782 Tradescantia 8p. ..22 22222 cece ee eee ee eee ee 1900.22.22... 4681 Zephyranthes carinata Herb... ...2.2--2--- 2c eee cence ee. | Apr., 1900 2... 4247 Nore.—In this table all the low numbers (under 200) refer to greenhouse tags. In these cases no herbarium specimens have yet been made. ROSE—MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN PLANTS. 3 My collections, while rich in new species and typonyms, contain also considerable material of horticultural interest. Among the new species which deserve special mention in this con- nection are the following: (1) A large white-flowered Crinum found in a swamp near Cuerna- vaca. This species was collected in 1899 and has flowered three times in the National Botanic Garden. One fine bulb has been sent to Kew. (2) Two species of Polianthes. These were both collected in the market place at Guadalajara where they are brought in by the Indians and sold under the name of **nardo.” One has long slender flowers, much longer than those of its relative the well-known tuberose, while the other has small flowers but produced in dense clusters. Both species deserve a place in every first-class bulb collection. They will be found described elsewhere in this paper. (3) Several species of Echeveria. Although many species of this genus have been introduced into cultivation from Mexico several choice ones still remain. Two of those which I brought back are very promis- ing. ‘These will be described in a succeeding paper. Scarcely less interesting than the new species are several rediscoy- eries of horticultural plants. (1) First that of //eeria cheyans. This isa dainty little trailer form- ing a dense carpet and it may perhaps be profitably employed in this inanner. Living material was sent to the Garden at Museo Nacional, city of Mexico, and to the Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C. The latter material has not flowered or flourished very well, but it is hoped that better results will be obtained next year. This species is very unlike the various species of Heeria now in cultivation and in the writer’s opinion is probably not congencric with them. (2) Four species of Argemone. The most interesting of these is A. platyceras. As ix shown elsewhere, this is not the so-called Argemone platyceras of the United States, but probably the true form. ‘Phe plant grows in mountainous regions and will probably live throughout the year in our Northern States. The plant seeds freely and young self- sown plantlets in Washington were still alive at Christmas time, although growing in the open. Argemone grandiflora, although well known in cultivation, is rave in collections. Mr. Prain, who has examined all the larger herovaria of Europe, states that he found but a single specimen which was not from cultivated material. I found this species very common in the State of San Luis Potosi, where it was seen along the Tampico branch of the Mexican Central Railway fora stretch of 50 miles. A. meatcana and A. ochroleuca have both been flowered in the S3otanic Garden. (3) Various species of Lupinus. A great many kinds of lupine were collected in entral Mexico, but the season was not the proper one to gather seed. I expect to collect seed of several of these spe- 4 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. cies for distribution on my next visit to that region. Among the most promising are MELICUNUS, MONTANMUS, mag inatuss clegans, and bakers. (4) Several species of Cotyledon or better Echeveria. Acheveria glauca and A. secunda were collected wild. These two are certainly specifically distinct. A. racemosa (12. lurida) was obtained at its type locality. This species has not recently been in cultivation. It forms dense rosettes of bronzed leaves and may prove a valuable bedding plant. Cotyledon parviflora and several closely related species were collected. These are too insignificant to be of much horticultural interest. They are, however, so very different both from Echeveria und Cotyledon that no one who has seen them growing would protest against their separation as a new gencric type. (5) Ampelocissus acapulcensis. This plant, first described by Kunth asa true Vitis, is known to the Mexican to-day under the popular name of uva or grape. It differs strikingly from all our true grapes in having a herbaceous stem which dies down to the ground each year. It must possess an enormous root, as it produces vines of great length. In my plants, grown from seed, a cluster of fleshy roots somewhat similar to sweet potatoes is formed at the end of the first year. The fruit is borne in large bunches sometimes a foot long. ‘The individual grapes, wine-colored when ripe, are about the size of the common fox grape of the Eastern United States, sometimes larger, even three- fourths of an inch in diameter. Seeds were sent to Washington and turned over to Mr. George W. Oliver of the Department of Agricul- ture, who now has a number of plants. He has also made some suc- cessful grafts upon Vitis ainéfera, but it is too early to predict any definite results. The Mexicans about Yautepec, State of Morelos, bring the fruit into the market places during May, June, and July, selling it under the name of ‘‘uva sylvestra.” From it a kind of “dulce” is made. Mr. C. G. Pringle called my attention to this vine, and it was through his assistance that I was able to procure material. In the first of these Studies I published a description of J/a/naviseus lanceolatus, calling attention to the fact that we had living plants in the greenhouse of the Department of Agriculture. From one of these plants a colored drawing has been made, which forms the frontispiece of this report. Numerous cuttings have been made, and that Depart- ment will be able to furnish a limited number of plants to botanical gardens which apply for them. In Washington this species begins to flower about the Ist of January and soon afterwards is covered with a mass of flowers. It is often desirable to know the exact specimens from which an illustration has been made. For this reason I have compiled here all necessary information in this regard for the illustrations used in this report. ROSE—MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN PLANTS. 5 Data concerning specimens used for illustrations. Name of species. Locality. | Collector. | Nos. | Date. | ‘rian O. Pl. I. Malvaviseus lanceolatus..| Chicharras .......-) Nelson .. 3807 | 1896 ceeeeee I]. Neotreleasea brevifolia...\...-.-..2.22----+--- | weee ee eeee [eeeeeeleeneee | weeeeee IL. Potentilla rydbergiana...) Mountains nearPa- Pringle... 7646 > 1898 371990 chuea. | | | IV. Potentilla madrensis.....| Mountains of Tepic.| Rose --- . 2096 | 1897 | 300996 V. Cologania capitata ...2..\..--- do ........---...--do ...) 3459 1897) 302458 VI. Crotalaria viminalis..... Cuernavaca ...--.-- ....do.. _| 4341. 1899 | 346298 VIL. Lupinus submontanus ...) Mount Orizaba...-- ....do ...| 5678 1901 | 395448 VIII. Indigofera platycarpa .... Near Iguala....---- Pringle . ; 8399 1900 | 396660 IX. Phaseolus oaxacanus ....| On Sierra de San |....do .. | 58l4a 1894 | 372011 Felipe. | | X. Phaseolus pedatus....--- | Near Iguala....-.-- ..--do .- - 8367 | 1900 | 371916 XT. Colubrina megacarpa...., Near Tehuacan..--. Rose .... 5852 1901 | 395639 XII. Seurauja pringlet.....-- | Sierra de San Felipe.| Pringle.. 4668 | 1894 | 253053 Fig. 1. Polianthes tuberosa..... In cultivation ...... Rose .... 4114 1898 | 899945 2. Polianthes palustris ....| Foothills of Tepic ..|.---do ... | 1948 1897 300835 3. Polianthes durangensis..| Sierra Madre of |....do ~~ i 8915 1897 802492 Durango. | 4. Polianthes geminiflora ..| In cultivation ....-- -.--do ... 3761 | 1898) 899944 5. Acacia ambiqua ....--- Matamoras .....--- Rose .... 4698 | 1899 366681 8. Acacia unijugd..------ Tampico..........- Pringle. | 6989 |....-- 396667 V1. Aspicarpalanata.....- Guadalajara ....-.- ..--do.. .| 4422 | 1893 | 301158 | The types of all the new species described in the following pages are in the National Herbarium unless otherwise stated. Where more than two collections or specimens are cited, the type is indicated usually by the word type following the number cited. The drawines from which these illustrations have been made are the work of Mr. Frederick A. Walpole and Miss Anna Snyder. COMMELINACEAE. NEOTRELEASEA. Since the publication of my genus Treleasea, it has come to light“ that the name then given is a homonym of Treleasia Spegazzand.? A change being thus necessitated and Treleasiella having also been ¢T am under obligations to Mr. Ernst A. Bessey, of the United States Department of Agriculture, for calling my attention to this fact. bRevista de la Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria La Plata 2: 255. 1896. 6 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. published in the same work, 1 have adopted Neotreleasea as differing sufliciently from these names and still carrying out my wish to honor Dr. William Trelease. It seemed desirable to republish with some slight changes the descriptions and synonymy along with the new names. Neotreleasea Rose, nom. nov. TRELEASEA Rose, Contr. Nat. Herb. 5: 207. 1899, not Treleasia Spegaz. Revist. Agron. y Vet. La Plata 2: 235. 1896. Type species, Neotreleasea brevifolia Rose. Sepals distinct, concave, subequal, greenish or searious. Petals distinet, tapering at base into a slender claw, cohering and forming a slender tube. Stamens 6, all perfect, subequal, more or less hairy, borne on the petals. Style slender, 3-lobed. Capsule stipitate, 3-celled. Cells dehiscent, 2-seeded. Perennial herbs from tuber- ous roots. Cymes sessile, many-flowered, in either terminal or axillary clusters. This genus differs from Tradescantia, especially in the corolla and the position of the stamens. Tradescantia has always an open flower spreading from the base, with petals broad at base, while Neotreleasea has the petals tapering into a claw, forming a tube and only spreading toward the top. The stamens, too, are always free in Tradescantia, while in Neotreleasea they are borne on the petals. The genus seems nearer Cyanotis than Tradescantia, but differs from that in its stipitate fruit, concave sepals, etc. It is perhaps nearest Zebrina, differing chiefly in the fact that the petals are not united into a tube, but merely cohere at the edges. I have long been dissatisfied with the reference of the species brerifolia to Trades- cantia, having had the plant under cultivation since 1895.9 While in Mexico in 1897 I found another plant of similar habit with the same flower structure, showing that this is a good generic type. 7. leiandra, although the flower structure is doubtful, possesses the stipitate fruit and otherwise suggests that it belongs here also. The genus, as I now understand it, consists of the following species: Neotreleasea brevifolia (Torr. ) Rose. PLaTe II. Tradescantia (?) brevifolia Rose, Contr. Nat. Herb. 8: 823. pl. 16. 1895, Tradescantia leiandra brerifolia Torr, Bot. Mex. Bound. 225. 1859. Tradescantia speciosa Buckley, Proc, Acad. Phila. 1862: 9. 1863, not L. nor H. BLK. Zebrina (?) leiandra Clark, in DC. Monogr. Phan. 3: 318. 1881. Tradescantia leiandra Wats. Proc. Am. Acad. 18: 167. 1883, not Torr. Tradescantia leiandra ovata Coulter, Contr. Nat. Herb. 1: 50. 1890. Treleasea brerifolia Rose, Contr. Nat. Herb. 5: 207. 1899. Stems prostrate, leafy to the top; leaves approximate, ovate, 2.5 to 7.5 em. long, 2.5 em. wide, thickish, glaucous, glabrous except the ciliate-scabrous margins, acute; margin of sheath ciliate; involucral leaves 2, like the lower leaves, but smaller; umbel sessile, many-flowered: corolla white, petals ovate, obtuse, somewhat spread- ing, tapering at base into a slender claw, stamens erect, longer than the petals, hairy near the middle, attached to the petals; ovary hairy near the top. For a number of years this species was cultivated in Washington, both in the green- houses and in the gardens. In the greenhouses it grew luxuriantly under the benches. The foliage is of a glossy bright green, and in all cases the flowers have been white, usually appearing singly.“ EXPLANATION OF PLATE I].—Fig. a, plamt; 6, margin of leaf; ¢, two views of sepals; d, petals; e, stamens and base of petal; f, back of anther; g, style. Fig. @, natural size; b, seale of 10; ¢ and d, scale of 2; e, f, and g, scale of 4. “For a full discussion of this species sand i its relationships with r. leiandra s see Rose Ooo in the third volume of this publication, pages 522, 523. Conte Nat. Herb Vol HI } Hee i) i 1 Wi it] ay Lf tall ow rf © f f ROSE—MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN PLANTS. 7 Neotreleasea leiandra (Torr.) Rose. Tradescantia leiandra Torr. Bot. Mex. Bound. 224. 1859. Treleasea leiandra Rose, Contr. Nat. Herb, 5: 208. 1890. Roots slender, fibrous-thickened; stems erect, somewhat branching, slender, gla- brous, somewhat naked above; leaves distinct, narrowly lanceolate, 7.5 to 12.5 (per- haps more) em. long, 12 mm. wide, sharply acute, with margins not scabrous; margin of sheath glabrous or nearly so; involucral leaves 2, ovate, acuminate, 2.5 to 5.5 em. long, very unlike the lower leaves; umbel sessile, many-flowered; pedicels and sepals densely villose; filaments smooth; capsule oval, somewhat 3-lobed, stipitate; cells 5, 2-seeded; seeds 1 mm. in diameter, slightly rugose. Collected by Bigelow on mountains and in moist rocky places at Puerto de Paysano, Tex., September 18, 1854 (?) (no. 1500), and by V. Havard at Capote Creek, Texas, September, 1883 (no. 79). Neotreleasea tumida (Lindley) Rose. Tradescantia tumida Lindley, Bot. Reg. 26: pl. 42. 1840. Tradescantia virginiana tumida Clark, in DC. Monogr. Phan, 3: 291, 1881. Treleasea tumida Rose, Contr. Nat. Herb. 5: 208. 1809. The figure cited above, although very unsatisfactory, seems to represent the same species as I collected on the western border of the Mexican table-lands. It has the same reddish flowers borne in dense axillary clusters, and the petals taper down into claws (here represented as united). The leaves are also described as purple beneath. This illustration of Lindley’s was made from a plant which flowered in the garden of the Horticultural Society in 1859. Nothing more of the history of the plant is given than that it came from Mexico. It is not unlikely that this plant was sent in by Hartweg from the same region from which mine came. In 1836 and 1838 he visited Bolafios and the neighboring region and was sending many plants home to the Horticultural Society, by which he had been sent to Mexico. I should state, however, that I have looked through Hart weg’s lists of plants, which he said were growing in the gardens, without finding any mention of a Tradescantia. The following redescription of this species is based upon my own specimens, both herbarium and living: Stem from tuberous-thickened roots, rather low, very succulent, the clumps often very compact; leaves oblong, 12 to 18 em. long, acute, more or less pubescent; flowers borne in dense axillary and terminal clusters; pedicels about 10 mm. long, glabrous; sepals glabrous or nearly so, oblong, 8 mm. long; petals pink; stamens slightly hairy; capsule stipitate, reflexed; hairy at tip. This species seems to be common in damp, sheltered places in the western table- land regions of Mexico, especially in canyons and along cliffs. It was first brought in by Mr. Goldman, and afterwards collected by mysell. Collected by J. N. Rose at San Juan Capistrano, Zacatecas, August 23, 1897 (no. 2486): near Monte Escobedo, Zacatecas, August 27 (no. 2660), and at Bolanos, September 10 to 19 (no. 2890). Specimens were formerly grown in the Botanical Garden at Washington. This species is so common in the table-land region of Mexico that it scems strange that it is not in the recent collections from Mexico. Clark’s reference of this species as a variety of Tradescantia virgivana and statement that it can hardly be distinguished from var. flexvosa (7. pilosa) can not be entertained. UNCERTAIN SPECIES. Treleasea pumila Greene, Pittonia 4 : 225. 1900. Zebrina pumila Greene, op. cit. 1:157. 1888. While this paper was in proof the type specimens of Zehrina pumila, which have long been lost, came to light, and through the kindness of Dr. kK. L. Greene T have 8 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. been permitted to see them. They show clearly that Z. pumila is not congeneric with the type species of Neotreleasea, but that its relationships are more nearly with true Zebrina. The two have in common a terminal cluster of flowers subtended by a two-leaved spathe, a narrow tubular corolla, and widely separated anther cells, ete. AMARYLLIDACEAE. REVISION OF POLIANTHES WITH NEW SPECIES.’ Polianthes tuberosa has heen cultivated for more than four hundred years, but its real home is unknown. It has been assigned both to Asia and America. Its allies are all Mexican, although it does not seem to have had its origin in any of the wild species known to the writer, unless it be 2. gracilis. It has been reported from the higher Andes of South America, and if really not Mexican is probably of South American origin. Bravoa geminifiora is quite unlike /?. tuberosa in its short, red, cylindrical perianth tube, and were these species the only ones to be considered, Bravoa might well be kept distinct from Polianthes. With the material on hand I can not find any character or group of characters which will justify doing this. The best character which I find to base a separation of these supposed genera upon is the elongation and bend- ing of the tube, but this would throw 72? fuberosa and P. gemini flora into the same group. While I have been very reluctant to combine these two genera, whose distinctness so far as Iam aware has never yet been questioned, I think that their separation hitherto has been partly due to lack of knowledge of the so-called species of Bravoa, Even Dr. J. G. Baker, whose excellent handbook is indispensable to every student of this group, has not clearly distinguished Bravoa, He describes 4 species which now belong to 3 genera, but which, if Bravoa is retained, must be distributed among as many genera as species. As I understand the genus Polianthes it is composed of 11 or 12 species. KEY TO SPECIES. Perianth tube elongated (3 to 6 em. long), bent near the middle. Mouth of tube regular; lobes nearly equal. Leaves broad, 10 to 15 min. long; perianth & cm. or more broad... .. 1. P. palustris. Leaves narrow, 8 to 5mm. broad; perianth tube 3 to 4.6 cin, long. Bracts broadly ovate, acute or shortly acuminate, stigmas included. Flowers longer than the next, becoming purplish. ...--..-----2. P. durangensis. Flowers larger than the last, white........2.-..-..--..------.0. DP. sessiliflora. Bracts narrowly ovate, long-acuminate; stigmas evserted .........--- 4. P. nelsoni. Mouth of tube irregular; lobes unequal. Perianth 6 to 10 em. long; anthers sessile... . 00.20 eee e ee eee eee 5. P. longiflora. Perianth 5 cm, or less long; anthers not sessile. ....--+---.++-------- 6. P. pringler. “Polianthes L. Sp. Pl. 1: 316. 1753. Bravos Lex. in Llave. & Lex. Noy. Veg. Desc. 1: 6, 1824. Type of Polianthes, P. tuberosa L. loc. cit.; of Bravoa, B. geminiflora Lex. loe. cit. ROSE—MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN PLANTS. 9 Perianth tube usually shorter than in the last, bent near the base. Perianth lobes somewhat elongated and spreading. Stout; leaves broad .....----- More slender; leaves narrower cece eee ee eee eee eee eee eee 7. P. tuberosa. Lecce ee eee eee eee eee eee eee eee eee 8. P. gracilis. Perianth lobes short and erect or slightly spreading. Flowers white ......-.------------- 2-22 - eee eee 9. P. montana. Flowers red or orange. Stamens inserted near the top of the tube......----+++-------- 10. P. platyphylla. Stamens inserted near the base of the tube. Plant pubescent below; leaves grass-like.....2.--+----++-+-- 11. P. graminifolia. Plant glaucous; leaves broad. ...--+-+--++---+-+-220+2750-- 12. P. geminiflora. 1. Polianthes palustris Rose, sp. nov. FIGURE 1, Bulbs oval to oblong, 2 to 3 em. long; stems about 4 dm, high, erect, glabrous throughout; basal leaves several, 2 to 3 dm, long, 12 to 15 mm. broad, narrowed to a more or less distinct petiole, prominent, glabrous; stem leaves 3 or 4, becom- ing much reduced above; flowers 3 to 5 pairs, the lower shortly pediceled, the upper nearly sessile; perianth 3 to 6 em. long, curved just below the middle, white; segments short (5 to 6 mm. long), broad, rounded at apex, somewhat spreading; filaments short, inserted near the top of the tube; anthers not exserted; ovary free at tip. Collected by J. N. Rose in swamps on the western foothills of the Sierra Madre, between Acaponeta and Pedro Paulo, Territorio de Tepic, August 2, 1897 (no. 1943). The flowering specimens of this plant gave off the delightful odor of the common cultivated tuberose. 2. Polianthes durangensis Rose, sp. nov. \ Fic. 2.—Flowers of Polianthes duran- gensis, natural size. parallel veins FIGURE 2. Bulbs small, 2 em. long; stems 3 to 6 dm. high, erect, glabrous throughout; basal leaves several, 1 to 2.5 dm. long, erect, linear, 3 to 5 mm. broad, with prominent parallel veins, glabrous; stem leaves about 3, the upper much reduced; flowers 1 to 6 pairs, all sessile; perianth 4 to 5 cm. long, at first nearly erect, becoming curved (in age strongly 80) near the middle, nearly white but drying purplish; segments spreading, 8 mm. long, rounded at apex; stamens inserted near the top of the perianth tube; filaments short; anthers not exserted; ovary free at tip. Collected by J. N. Rose on the west slope of Fig. 1.—Flowers of Polianthes palustris, natural size. the east range of the Sierra Madre in the State of Durango, August 16, 1897 (no. 3515, type); also (probably this) near Santa Teresa, Territorio de Tepic, August 11, 1897. 10 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 3. Polianthes sessilifiora (Ilemsl.) Rose. Lravoa sessiliflora Hemsl. Diag. Pl. Noy. 8:54. 1880. We have a duplicate type of this species in the National Herbarium. It is only known from the type collection made by Parry & Palmer in 1878. , 4. Polianthes nelsoni Rose, sp. nov. . Bulbs oblong; bulb coats thin, sparingly nodose; stems about 4 dm. high, erect, glabrous; basal leaves several, linear, serrulate on the margins; stem leaves much reduced; flowers (in specimens seen) 2 to 5 pairs, sessile; bract subtending each pair of flowers narrowly ovate, long-acuminate; perianth tube about 5 em. long, strongly curved downward near the middle, very slender below, white; lobes short and rounded at apex; filament 5 mm. long, about one-half as long as the anthers, attached near the top of the tube; stigmas exserted. Specimens examined: Durango: Near Durango City, FE. W. Nelson, August 1, 1898 (no. 4630, type); on road between Guadalupe y Calvo and Paral, E. W. Nelson, September 11, 1898 (no. 4972). 5. Polianthes longifiora Rose, sp. nov. A tall plant, glabrous; flowers in 8 to 5 distant pairs; perianth 6 to 10 em. long, rather slender below, white or tinged with purple, curved above the middle, the mouth somewhat irregular; segments broad, oblong, 2. cm. long, obtuse; anthers slender, 10 to 12 mm. long, sessile. This species was found in great abundance during the later part of August, 1901, in the market at Guadalajara (Rose, no. 6290). It is brought in by the Indians from a great distance, and sold as ‘“nardo,’’ the Spanish name for the common tuberose. 6. Polianthes pringlei Rose, sp. nov. Bulbs small, 2 em. long; stems 2 to 3 dm. high, erect, glabrous throughout; basal leaves about 6, linear, erect, 1 to 3 mm. wide; stem leaves 3, the upper ones much reduced; flowers (in specimens seen) 3 to 4 pairs, all sessile; perianth 4.5 to 6 em. long, becoming curved near the middle, white, sometimes drying purplish; seg- ments linear, the lower one more deeply cut, 10 to 15 mm. long, rounded at apex; filaments short, inserted near the top of YW the tube. Zap Jollected by Mr. C. G. Pringle on moist hills near Guadalajara, August 23, 1893 (no. 5438, type), and obtained in the mar- ket place of Guadalajara, August 24, 1901 . (no. 6291). a This is one of the species brought in by \) the Indians for sale under the name of YS) “nardo.’’ The flowers are very fragrant. The species ought to be introduced into QD cultivation, 7. Polianthes tuberosa L. Sp. Pl. 1: 316. 1753. FIGURE 3. Stems in clusters, 10 dm. high; basal leaves several, 3 to5 dm. long, 6 to 15mm. broad, bright green, reddish near the base; inflorescence a lax spike; corolla pure waxy white; tube 3m. long, bent only near the base; lobes oblong, 15 mm. long, obtuse; filaments inserted on the upper part of the corolla; tube shorter than lower part of the anthers. Description drawn from cultivated specimens, FiGc,.3.—Flowers of Polianthes tuberosa, natural size, ROSE—MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN PLANTS. 11 8. Polianthes gracilis Link & Otto, Enum. Pl. Hort. Berl. 1: 331, 1821. P. tuberosa gracilis Baker, Handbook Amaryl. 159. 1888, Link & Otto, as well as Kunth, say that this species is from Brazil, but Baker and others refer it to Mexico. The original illustration suggests a species very near the true PP. tuberosa, I have not seen this species. It is said to have flowered at Kew in 1880. While I question very much the wisdom of retaining gracilis asa good species, I have refrained from merging it with fberosa simply because I know searcely any- thing of it. Mr. Baker is probably right in thinking it not a distinct species, but I should be inclined to go a step farther and treat P. gracilis as the form from which P. tuberosa has sprung. 9, Polianthes montana Rose, sp. nov. Bulbs oblong; stems slender, 12 dm. high, erect, glabrous and more or less glau- cous; basal leaves several, 2 to 3.dm. long, 5 to 8 mm. broad; stem leaves about. 6, distant, much reduced above; flowers about 12 pairs (in my single specimen), all more or less pediceled; perianth 16 to 20 mm, long, slightly curved near the base, white; lobes small, erect, rounded at apex; stamens inserted much below the middle; filaments longer than the anthers, the latter included; ovary free at tip. Collected by J. N. Rose in a deep canyon near Santa Teresa, in the Sierra Madre, August 11, 1897 (no. 2178). 10. Polianthes platyphylla Rose, sp. nov. Rootstock short and thick, giving off a number of thickened roots; rootstock crowned by an oblong bulb about 2.5 em. in diameter; basal leaves 3 or more, lying flat upon the ground, oblong, 7.5 to 12.5 em, long, 12 to 30 mm. broad, tapering at base into a short petiole, acute, glabrous; stem leaves 2 to 4, small and bract-like; peduncle 3 to 4 em. long; inflorescence a very open spike; bracts ovate, acute; flow- ers in 4 to7 pairs, whitish or red; perianth tube about 16 mm, long, at first erect, but becoming curved or bent near the base; lobes rounded, 2 mm. long, spr sading; stamens shorter than the anthers, inserted near the top of the perianth tube, included; style tips exserted; fruit nearly orbicular, or somewhat 3-lobed, about 10 mm. in diameter, Rather common on the northern border of Jalisco, along with P. gramiifolia, but much less frequent, and also on the slopes of the Sierra Madre, in the State of Durango. Specimens exainined: Durango: In Sierra Madre, J. N. Rose, August 16, 1897 (no. 2324). Jalisco and Zacatecas: On the table-lands, both sides of boundary, J. N. Rose, August 26, 1897 (no, 2598, type). The few specimens seen in Durango had white flowers, but in other respects did not seem to differ from the table-land specimens. Bulbs were brought home to Washington in 1897 which flowered in the Botanical Garden in 1899. These specimens had the flowers nearly white, tinged with red. 11. Polianthes graminifolia Kose, sp. nov. Bulbs oblong, the coats thin, sparingly nodose; stem slender, 2 to 3 dm. long, densely puberulent below, glabrous above; basal leaves elongated, grass-like, 3 to 6 dm. long, densely puberulent beneath, glabrous above; flowers in 8 to 15 pairs, the lower ones often on peduncles 1 em. long; pedicels 3 to 10 mm. long; flowers about 2.5 em, long, bent downward near the base, dark red in color; tilaments slen- der, attached low down in the tube. Near P. geminiflora, but with the leaves and lower part of the stem covered with a short, stiff pubescence, with deeper red flowers, ete. The plant is very common in meadows on the Mexican table-land along the bound- 12 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. ary line between the States of Jalisco and Zacatecas. It was first observed by the writer south of Huajuquilla, and later in suitable localities southward nearly to Guadalajara. Specimens examined: Jalisco: On the road between Huajuquilla and Mesquitec, J. N. Rose, August 25, 1897 (no. 2571, type); bulbs from near Monte Escabedo, August, 1897, and between Bolafios and Guadalajara, September 21, 1897 (no. 3088); also about Guadalajara, Dr. Edward Palmer, 1896 (nos. 345 and 346); same locality, C. G, Pringle, 1889, A goodly quantity of bulbs was sent to Washington, but they have not been prop- erly cared for, 12. Polianthes geminiflora (Lex.) Rose. FiGure 4. Bravoa geminiflora Lex, in Llave & Lex. Nov. Veg. Dese. 1: 6. 1824. Bravoa coetocapnia Roem, Syn. Monogr. 4: 245. 1847. Coetocapnia geminiflora Link & Otto, Ie. Pl. Rar. Hort. Berol. 35. 1828. Zetocapnia gemmiflora Link & Otto, loc. cit. pl. 78, 1828. Bravoa graminiflora Wemsl. Biol. Centr. Am. 3: 338, 1884. (The species name evidently an error.) Sulbs rather shallow, giving off several thickened roots; stem 4 to 7 dm. tall, perfectly glabrous throughout; basal leaves several, 3 to 5 dm. long, 10 to 13 mm. broad; stem leaves Fic. 4.—Flowers of Poe 3 or 4, becoming successively shorter; racemes 2 to 4 dm. lianthes — geminiflora, . long; flowers in a few (6 or more) distant pairs; pedicels slen- natural size. der, 6 to 10 mm. long; perianth rather pale red or orange- colored, about 2 cm. long, strongly bent downward near the base; lobes short and broad, rounded at tip and shightly puberulent just below the tip. Specimens examined: England: Cultivated specimens taken from garden in London. State of Mexico: Meadow swells, valley of Toluca, C. G. Pringle, August 19, 1892 (no. 4215), and also from low meadows at Flor Maria, July 28, 1890 (no. 3633); near Tultenango, J. N. Rose, July 13, 1901 (no. 5420). Type locality: “In montibus Micciacanis, et prope Vallisoletum,” or, as Hooker translates,@ ‘‘ Mountains of Valladolid and Miciciacan.’? Valladolid (now Morelia) is a town in the State of Michoacan. Although discovered more than seventy-five years ago, and in cultivation since L838, it has very rarely been collected. It is native of the high mountain valleys of cenral Mexico, the type coming from the eastern part of the State of Michoacan. The material collected by the writer in 1901, though from the State of Mexico, was from its extreme northern part and very near the eastern line of Michoacan. It agrees also closely with the cultivated material which may have been derived from the early supplies of this species. This being true, the yay is cleared for separating (as graminifolia) the material from the State of Jalisco which has been distributed as Bravoa geminiflora. My cultivated material was kindly sent me by Mr. E.G. Baker of the British Museum. The bulbs have flowered and I have had a good colored drawing made. Illustrations: Herbert, Amaryl. p/. 72, figs. 5 and 6. Bot. Mag. 79: pl. 4741. Fl. Ser. 5: pl. 520. Link & Otto, Ie. Pl. Rar. Berol. pl. 78, under Coetocapnia (not seen). Hooker has figured in Botanical Magazine@ as Bravoa geminiflora a plant which seems to differ from my material as follows: The basal leaves are more numerous and « Vol. 79, plate 4741. ROSE—MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN PLANTS. 13 of a dark bluish green color, the flowers longer and broader, of a much deeper red color, with a more gradually curved perianth tube, and a longer-exserted style. If these characters, drawn from Hooker’s illustration, should be confirmed by the specimen, I should have little hesitation in separating it specifically from geminiflora, But until the original material has been examined, or more collected at Real del Monte, the source of Hooker’s specimens, no further note need be taken of it. SPECIES EXCLUDED. Lee] *, maculata Mart. = Manfreda sp. > mexicana Link.= Prochnyanthes sp. ~~ SPECIES OF BRAVOA EXCLUDED FROM POLIANTHES. B. singuliflora Watson= Manfreda sp. B. densiflora Robinson & Seaton= Pseudobravoa densiflora Rose. Bravoa bulliana Baker= Prochnyanthes bulliana Baker. PROCHNYANTHES AND ITS SPECIES.“ The genus Prochnyanthes seems to be well marked, but close to Polianthes, distinguished chiefly by its perianth. The writer is unde- cided whether there is but one or several species. From his observa- tions on material referred to one of the so-called species, he is inclined to the opinion that there is only one somewhat variable species. Three, however, have been described, and under as many generic names. The first was described in 1837 as Polianthes mexicana, and afterwards referred to Po//unthes tuberosa. Vf there is but a single species, the name Prochnyanthes mericana must stand. The second was described as Bravoa bullfana, but has been more recently referred to Prochny- anthes. The third was described as the type of Prochnyanthes. This genus was established by Dr. Sereno Watson in L887 upon plants brought back by Dr. Edward Palmer from near Guadalajara. It has been supposed to be known only from this region. The writer found the type species to be very common in the Sierra Madre, and speci- mens were brought back from the Territorio de Tepic and the States of Durango, Zacatecas, and Jalisco, of western Mexico. ‘These specimens show considerable variation from the type, but I have been compelled to consider them forms of a widely varying species. Living specimens were brought home, and these are the first which have been reported in cultivation. The underground portion of the plant has been wrongly characterized, and as my specimens show some deviations from the type, I have thought best to recharacterize the species, drawing largely from notes taken in Mexico with the living plant in hand. «Prochnyanthes Wats. Proc. Am. Acad. 23: 457. 1887, Type species, P, viridescens Wats. loc. cit, 14 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. Prochnyanthes viridescens Watson, loc. cit. Figure 5. Rootstock thick, sending off many thick- ened roots, crowned with a bulb 5 em, or more long, this clothed with the fibrous remains of old leaves; stem erect, 18 dim. high; leaves few, becoming bracteate above, glabrous and somewhat glaucous; basal leaves numerous, 3 to 5 dm. long, 4 to 5 em. broad, mostly erect; inflorescence a lax raceme of 5 to 30 pairs of flowers; pedicels 4 cm, long to nearly wanting; perianth from greenish to brown; the lower part of the tube cylindrical, ascending, and just below the middle abruptly swollen and bent, the upper part some- what) pendant and bell-shaped; lobes broadly ovate, 6 to 8 mim. long; stamens inserted below the bend in the perianth; Fig. 5.—Flowers of Prochnyanthes viridescens, ; natural size. filaments slender; capsule orbicular, 10 to 15 mim. in diameter. Specimens cramined: Jalisco: Cool grassy slopes of rocky hills near Guadalajara, C. G. Pringle, August 18, 1898 (no. 4505); Rio Blanco, Dr. Kdward Palmer, June to October, 1886 (no. 9, type); near Colotlan, J. N. Rose, August 28, 1897 (no. 2679); on road between Bolafios and Guadalajara, J. N. Rose, September 22, 1897 (no. 8098 ) ; Sierra Madre, west of Bolafios, J. N. Rose, September 17, 1897 (no. 8724). Zacatecas: Near Monte Escobedo, J. N. Rose, August 26, 1897 (no, 2628). Durango: Vicinity of city of Durango, Dr. Edward Palmer, April to November, 1896 (no. 558a); J. N. Rose, August to September, 1897 (no. $750). Territorio de Tepic: Between Dolores and Santa Gertrudis, J. N. Rose, August 7 and 10, 1897 (no, 2045). Prochnyanthes bulliana Baker, Bot. Mag. 121: pl. 7427. 1895. Bravoa bulliana Baker, Gard. Chron. 22: 328. 1884. P. bulliana hardly differs from P. viridescens, but it is described as having large flowers, which are sessile instead of having long pedicels. Another distinction pointed out by Baker seems not to hold. He states in the Botanical Magazine that ?. riridescens has long pedicels, articulated near the middle. It seems true that the pedicels are usually long, though they are sometimes nearly wanting; but they are always jointed just at the base of the flower. While 2. bu/- liana is figured and described with sessile flowers, yet it was originally described as having the flowers shortly pediceled. Prochnyanthes mexicana (Zucc.) Rose. Polianthes mevicana Zuce, Abhand|]. Akad. Muench. 2: 3819. 1837. I have not seen specimens of this plant. It certainly is not an Agave, as suggested by Kunth, nor is it Polianthes tuberosa, to which species it is referred by the Kew Index. From the deseription I can not separate it from Bravow bulliana Baker, pos- sessing as it does flowers of the same size, form of perianth tube, color, and insertion of stamens. It should, therefore, be taken up as Prochinyanthes mecicana, ROSE—MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN PLANTS. 15 —_ MANFREDA AND ITS SPECIES.’ In a former paper in the Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium’ TI called attention to the desirability of restoring Manfreda to generic rank, or, perhaps better, of separating the herbaceous-leaved Agaves and using for them Salisbury’s name, Manfreda, which he had applied only to Agave wirginica. Since that paper was prepared for publication I have twice visited Mexico, where I gave especial attention to the Agaves and their allies. Tam now more strongly convinced than ever that Manfreda is gencrically distinct from Agave proper. It differs from Agave inits habit, in its manner of growth, in its foliage, in its inflorescence, ete. In Manfreda true bulbs are formed, from which annually appear stems that flower and die down to the ground. The leaves are comparatively thin and are neither spiny-edged nor spiny-pointed. The inflorescence is a simple lax raceme or spike and the flowers are borne singly. In Agave proper no bulbs are formed and the plants persist for years, some species flowering frequently, but many only once; the leaves are mostly fleshy, rigid, usually spiny-pointed, and gener- ally horny or spiny-edeed. The inflores- cence is an open panicle or a dense spike, with the flowers in pairs. Both Agave and Manfreda reach their greatest development in Central Mexico, and both have considerable economic importance. The Agave species called maguey, as is well known, furnish pulque, mescal (now generally called tequila), and “«Manfreda Salish. Gen. Pl. Frag. 78. 1866. DeLpixnod Ross, Boll. Orto Bot. Palermo 1: 117. 1887. LEICHTLINIA Ross, Del. Sem. Hort. Bot. Panorm. 48. 1893. ALLIBERTIA Marion, Rey. Hort. Bouch. Rhone. 1882. Fig. 6.—Flower of Manfreda virginica, Type species: Of Manfreda, .Agave virginica L. Of Delpinoa, D. graci/lima Ross. Of Leichtlinia, Agave protuberans Engelm. Of Allibertia, A. intermedia Marion. The further bibliography (Ross) of Leichtlinia is as follows: Boll. Soc. Sci. Nat. Palermo [reprint, p. 2]. Te. Deser, Pl. Noy. Rar. p/. 3. 1896. Bot. Central. 74: 217. 1898. 5 Vol. 5, p. 155, 16 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM fiber, and have numerous other uses. The Manfredas called **amole” are one of the commonest soap plants of the country. The root is always to be found in great quantities in every Mexican market. KEY TO SPECTES, Perianth tube strongly curved ......2----.---------- 2-2-2 eee ee eee 1. MW. singuliflora. Perianth tube slightly if at all curved, Filaments about the length of the tube Filaments much longer than the tube, Filaments of two lengths .......-.-.-+-----+++---------+-------- 3. M. potosina. Filaments of equal lengths. cee eee cee eee eee eee eee eeeeees 2. M. maculosa, Leaves pubescent ......-22--2220-22-0 22 eee eee eee eee eee eee 4. M. maculata. Leaves not pubescent. Segments of the perianth much shorter than the tube, Leaves spotted .........--22-2--- 2-2-2002 222-222 e ee eee eee 5. M. pringlet. Leaves not spotted. Margin of leaf armed with “ hooked spines” ....++--+-+-- 6. M. brunnea. Margin of leaf entire or nearly so, Stamens inserted near the base of the perianth tube ....-- 7. M. virginica. Stamens inserted near the top of the perianth tube... 8. M. brachystachys. Segments of the perianth equal to or longer than the tube, Segments about equal to the tube. Leaves spotted .......------------------------+- +--+ 9, M. variegata. Leaves not spotted. Perianth brownish ......-.---.-----++-220+-2220----- 10. M. elongata. Perianth yellow or greenish. Flowers in a dense spike ....2..22----2+----++-+---- Ll. M. revolute. Flowers in a law spike. ......------+------+++---- 12. M. oltverana, Seqments much longer than the tube. Leaves spotted ........2----------- 20 e eee eee eee eee eee 13. M. guttata. Leares not spotted. Leaves short and broad. .....-------------- 000 e eee 14. M. planifolia. Leaves narrow and elongated. Leaves 3 cm. broad. .....0------- 2-22-2222 22s 15. M. undulata. Leaves 1 cin. or less broad. Stamens 3 to 4.em, long..-.---- to cee een cee eceeeee 16. M. rubescens. Stamens 6 to 7 em. long .-.-.--+--------+----------- 17. M. jaliscana. 1. Manfreda singulifiora ( Wats.) Rose. Bravoa singuliflora Wats. Proc. Am. Acad, 22: 479. 1887. Stems slender, 6 to 9 dm. long, glabrous, somewhat glaucous; basal leaves 8 to 10, 3 dm. long, 4 to 6 mm. wide, acute, with a scarious undulate margin; stem leaves few and much reduced above; inflorescence a very lax raceme of 8 to 12 solitary flowers; pedicels of flowers 2 to 3 mm. long, of fruit sometimes no longer, sometimes becom- ing 15 mm. long; perianth 3 dm. long (including the ovary), more or less curved downward, somewhat purplish; lobes spreading, oblong, 6 to 8 mm. long, bearing a tuft of hair at apex; filament but shortly exserted; style exserted; carpels globular to oblong, about 15 mm. long. Type locality: ‘‘ Mountains near Chihuahua.” Specimens examined: Chihuahua: On cool hillside near Chihuahua City, C. G. Pringle, August 19, 1897 (no. 1381); in southwest Chihuahua, E,W. Nelson, August 21, 1898 (no. 4814); near Batopilas, E. A. Goldman, October 4 and 5, 1898 (no. 207); near Colonia Garcia, E. H. T. Townsend and E. M. Barber, July 11, 1899 (no. 120), ROSE—MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN PLANTS. 17 This species is certainly congeneric with the other species referred to Mantroda, having the same habit and inflorescence, and differing only in its peculiarly curved perianth tube and its short stamens. In its curved tube it approaches Polianthes, but it has single flowers and exserted stamens. Agare saponaria (M. brachystachys) is figured and described as having a curved tube, although this is not so strongly bent asin the above species. In its short stamens it is unlike all the Manfredas except MV. maculosa, which has stamens shorter than the lobes of the perianth. This species may be considered a good generic type by some, 2. Manfreda maculosa (Hook.) Rose. Agare maculosa, Hook. Bot. Mag. 85: pl. 5122, 1859, Agave maculata, Engelm. Bot. Mex. Bound. 214. 1859, not Regel, 1856. Basal leaves 6 to 10, blotched with brown or sometimes with green, the margins serrulate; scape 3 to 6 dm. long, with about 6 small bracts, purplish; flowers [0° to 25, nearly sessile, almost 5 cm. long (including ovary); tube narrowly funnel- shaped, a little longer than the purplish or greenish white, somewhat spreading lobes; filaments a little shorter than the perianth lobes; anther cells exserted, brownish; stigmas 3-lobed. This species has repeatedly flowered in the National Botanic Garden, Specimens prepared by J. N. Rose are in the National Herbarium: (nos, 4055, 4076). Baker in his Handbook of Amaryllideae takes up .1. maculosa Regel for this plant; but according to Regel’s description his species has long-exserted stamens, and it is more than likely to be one of the several spotted-leaved species of central Mexico. The type of Regel’s plant was grown from seed sent by Karwinski from Menico. Karwinski collected largely if not entirely in south Mexico, especially in the State of Oaxaca. In 1840 to 1843 he collected for the Russian Government, at which time he probably obtained the seed of this plant. Dr. Engelmann was of the opinion that this plant was not the maculata of Regel, and in his revision of the Agaves he employed Hooker’s specific name, imaet/osd. Miss Mulford, however, in her revision of the North American Agaves hesitatingly adopts Regel’s name, but points out clearly that it possesses characters which show it to be specifically distinct. As Miss Mulford states, the species is rather variable and T am not inclined to recognize as a variety Agave maculosa brerituba Engelm. (A. imceulata brevituba Mulford). This species is contined entirely to Texas. The following paragraph was drawn up from a Texas specimen which flowered in Washington several years ago: A form haying the leaves spotted with green was sent in along with the purple spotted leaved form; corolla tube shorter than the lobes and the lobes very spread- ing; filaments apparently longer than in other forms, but scarcely longer than the segments; segments at first greenish yellow but in age becoming a dark pink; stamens rounded, not emarginate. This appears to be the .f. maculosa brevituba of Engelmann. Here also seems to belong A. maculosa as figured by Hooker in Curtis’s Botanical Magazine, vol. 85, pl. 6122, for it has the same spotted leaves, the short perianth tubes tinged with yellow, and the round stigmas. For a number of years I had growing in one of the greenhouses roots of the so-call¢ d Agave maculata from Texas. In the summer of 1898 IT transplanted this pot to my yard and in June it flowered, having sent up two flowering stalks. These had peduncles 6 dm. long, more or less purplish and glaucous, bearing 9 and 10 leaves or leaf-like bracts, and each had about 25 flowers. The flowers when they first opened had nearly white filaments, style, and segments, the latter being somewhat purplish without, but in age all became dark reddish rose, the segments becoming strongly reflexed. 18104— 03, 2 18 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 3. Manfreda potosina (Robinson & Greenman) Rose. -lyare potosina Robinson & Greenman, Proc. Am. Acad. 29: 393. 1894. Delpinoa graciliima Ross, Boll. Orto Bot. Palermo 1; 117. 1897, Stems slender, 3 to6 dm. high; basal leaves 4 to 6, 1 to 1.5 em, long, 10 mim. broad, acute, the margin with short linear teeth, sometimes irregularly tipped, rather con- spicuous for the genus; flowers 10 to 15, solitary (rarely in pairs) in the axils of bracts, short-pediceled; perianth tube 6 mm. Jong, very narrow; lobes 9-nerved, equal to the tube; stamens long-exserted, of two lengths; capsule glaucous, 10 to 12 inmm. in diameter. Type locality: ‘Los Charcos,’? San Luis Potosi, Mexico. Only known from Mr. Pringle’s specimens (no. 3745). Delpmoa gracdlinag is undoubtedly the same as lgare potosina and is probably from the same collection, namely, from specimens gathered by Mr. Pringle in 1891 in the State of San Luis Potosi. I have seen specimens of the latter and it possesses all the characters except the paired flowers. Ross describes (and a photograph of his in the Gray Herbarium also shows it) the upper flowers as solitary while the lower ones are paired, one being sessile while the other is slender-pediceled! This of course isa very remarkable char- acter, but the same is occasionally met with among the allied species. Engelmann cites a case in which a plant of uf. virginica year after year produced a second flower (sometimes a third one) from the bract; peculiar variations in the inflorescence have been noted in Poliauthes tuberosa and LP. geminiflora. This leads me to believe that the inflorescence is abnormal. All of Mr. Pringle’s herbarium plants have single flowers on short pedicels. Agave potosina also has (in agreement with the description of Delpinoa) the stamens in two lengths, the tube slightly constricted at base, the style wholly included, and the segments short. Ross states in substance that Del- pinoa differs from all known Agaveae in having three long and three short stamens and in having the flowers in the lower part of the inflorescence paired, while above they are solitary, The very unequal stamens in this species seem to be unusual, although they are found in some other species, but in other respects it comes very close to MW. virginica. A photograph in the herbarium of the Missouri Botanical Garden of a specimen which flowered there has the spike with single flowers in the axils of each bract, except in one case. 4. Manfreda maculata ( Mart.) Rose. Polianthes maculata Mart. Amoen. Bot. Mon. 19. pl. 13, 1831 (2), not Agave maculata Regel (1856) nor Engelmann (1859), elqgare pubescens Regel & Ortgies, Gartentl. 23: 227, pl. 804, 1874. Basal leaves (in herbarium specimens) 4, somewhat lanceolate, narrowed at. base, acuminate, 2.5 cn. or more wide at widest point, 3 dm. long, dull green, with large brown spots, pubescent on both sides, paler beneath; stem, including inflorescence, less than a meter high; stem leaves 3 or 4, bractlike; flowers rather few, the lower ones 2.9 cm. apart, sessile or nearly so, subtended by a narrow bract: perianth tubes 12 to 16 mm. long, purplish; perianth lobes somewhat shorter; stamens much exserted; capsule oblong, 2 em. long, smooth. The above description is drawn from flowering specimens of Mr. Nelson’s and fruiting specimens of the writer’s. The two specimens come from widely separated localities, and it is possible they may represent different forms, but as one is in fruit and the other is in flower they can not well be compared. They agree in having broad, tapering, pubescent and spotted leaves, a combination which is found in no other species known to the writer. Specimens examined: Chiapas: On ridge near Tonala, K. W. Nelson, August 10, 1894 (no, 2877 Morelos: In mountain forests above Cucrnavaca, J. N. Rose, May 27 to 30, 1899 (no. 4402), ROSE—MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN PLANTS. 19 The plant here characterized departs in some particulars from Baker’s description of A. pubescens, especially in the length and color of the perianth lobes, and may yet prove to be different. This is, however, the only species which is known to have pubescent leaves. Mr. J. M. Greenman, in a letter dated November 29, 1898, says: “T believe you are right in considering Poliauthes maculata and .tgare pubescens to be one and the same. [ have just compared the illustrations and read over the descriptions, and they seem to me to be the same.” 5. Manfreda pringlei Rose, sp. nov. Stems slender, 9 to 10 dm, high, glabrous; leaves linear-lanceolate, about 3 dm. long, 15 to 20 mim. broad, green with brown spots; flowers in a short compact raceme or spike, perhaps becoming more open in age; ovary 10 mm. long; perianth tube 8 to 12 mm. long; lobes purplish, 8 mm. long; stamens inserted near the middle of the tube, long-exserted, 5 em. long; fruit orbicular, 15 mm. in diameter. Collected by Mr. C. G. Pringle on San Felipe in 1884 (no. 4745), and distributed as Ayare guttata, from which it differs. Perhaps nearest M. brachystachys, but with smaller flowers and with different inser- tion of the stamens. 6. Manfreda brunnea ( Wats.) Rose. Agave brunnea Wats. Proc. Am. Acad. 26: 156. 1891. Leaves few, thickish, 1 dm. long, 12 to 20 mm. broad near the middle; flowering stem 6 dim. long, about 6-flowered; flowers sessile; ovary 12 min. long; perianth 3 to 3.5 em. long, the lobes about haif as long as the narrow tube; stamens and style long-exserted. Collected by Mr ©. G. Pringle on the battlefield of Buena Vista, Tamaulipas, Mexico, July, 1888 (no. 2218). 7. Manfreda virginica (L.) Salish. Gen. Pl. Frag. 78. 1866. Agare virginica L. Sp. Pl. 1: 325. 1758. Leaves all from the base, about 10, at first erect, then spreading, nearly flat, about 2 dm. long, 3 em. wide at about two-thirds of the distance from the base, then gradually tapering downward to the narrow base and upward more abruptly into a slender acumination with a weak point, green, but somewhat mealy, not at all spotted; margins slightly serrulate; scape 7 to 8 dm. long, about 7-bracteate, glaucous; spike about 6 dm. long, about 30-flowered; flowers solitary and distant, the lower on pedicels 6 to 8 mm. long, the upper short-pediceled; ovary 14 mm, long, some- what constricted above; perianth greenish, less than 2.5 cm. long; segements 8 mm. long, erect, margins involute, hairy at tip; stamens shortly exserted; filaments dark purple, inserted near the base of the tube; anthers whitish, spotted with brown, style shorter than the stamens; capsule globose, 14 to 20 mim. in diameter. The writer has collected this species on the Kentucky River, near Lexington, and flowered it in the National Botanic Garden. Distribution: Maryland to southern Indiana and Missouri and to eastern Texas and Florida. ‘T have not been able from the description to separate Ayare aliberti Baker (Allibertia intermedia Marion) from the above. Indeed, it was originally distributed as Agave virginica by Haage & Schmidt. Manfreda virginica tigrina (Engelm.) Rose. Agave virginiana tigrina Engelm. Trans. St. Louis Acad. 3: 302. 1875. A spotted-leaved form first found in Bluffton, South Carolina, and recently reported by Dr. Trelease from Missouri. I have seen the type specimen in the Missouri Botanical Garden. 20 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 8. Manfreda brachystachys (Cay. ) Rose. lgare brachystachys Cav. Deser, 453. 1802. Agave polyanthoides Cham. & Schlecht. Linniea 6: 55. 1851. Agave saponaria Lindl. Bot. Reg. 24.: mise. no. Il. P8358. Basal leaves several, spreading, green, glabrous, not spotted, somewhat reddish at base; peduncle rather stout, many-flowered, the subtending bract as long as the ovary, acuminate; ovary sessile, 1 to 1.4 cm. long; perianth tube 2 to 2.4 em. long, more or less curved, especially in age; lobes oblong, 1.4 to 1.6 em. long; stamens inserted 4 to 6 mm. below the top of the perianth tube, long-exserted, reddish especially below the filaments, ribbon-like in herbarium specimens; capsule oblong, 2 to 2.4em. long, abruptly constricted at base (im my specimen). This seems to be a widely distributed species extending from northern Mexico to Guatemala. 1 would refer here the following collections: Coahuila: Saltillo, Dr. KH. Palmer, 1880 (no. 1307). Jalisco: Between Huejuquilla and Mesquitee, J. N. Rose, August 25, E897 (no. 2592); near Guadalajara, J. N. Rose, September 22, 1897 (no. 3097). Federal District: Pedregal, Valley of Mexico, C. G. Pringle, S896 (no. 6587). Chiapas: About Ocuilapa, Kk. W. Nelson, August 21, 1895 (iio. © 057). Cruatemala: Near Santa Rosa, Heyde & Lux, November, 1892 (no. 4292). Baker and others have regarded the species as really Mexican. 1 collected) speci- mens on the table-lands of Mexico which answer Lindley’s description and figure in every detail. Tt occurred to me that Hartwee might have collected the plant in this same region, and, on referring to his paper relating to his visit to Mexico, [ find that he mentions Agave saponaria as seen by him, and that on another page it is listed samong the plants sent by him, which either had flowered or were growing in the gardens of the Horticulture Society of London. Hartweg’s plants were collected in 1838 (probably early in the year) and Lindley’s description was published in October of the same year. Lindley says of the habitat of this species in connection with the original description: “For this new species of Agave Iam indebted to James Bateman, esq., who received it from his friend, Mr. Skinner. The latter gentleman, traveling in Peru, found it growing on a sandy plain, and learned that it is used as a soap plant.’ Elsewhere he says, ‘It seems to be Mexican,.’’ Very near the above species must be Ayare sessiiflora Hems.@ The deseription is based upon two specimens of Bourgeau’s, one from the Orizaba region (no. 3003) and the other from ‘‘ Barranca de Pedregal.’’ From the latter place Mr. Pringle has collected specimens (no. 6587) which he has distributed under the above name. In the latter specimens the leaves are sometimes 4.3 em. wide, the flowers including the ovary and stamens are 7.5 to 8.7 cm. long, while the perianth itself is 3.7 cm. long, the lobes being shorter than the tube. These specimens of Mr. Pringle’s seem very near A. brachystachys. The species is figured in the Biologia Centrali-Americana, p/. 8s, 9. Manfreda variegata (Jacobi) Rose. Agave variegata Jacobi, Hamb. Gartenz. 21: 459. 1865. Leaves said to be 3 to 4dm. long, 2.5 to 5 em. wide, deeply channeled, spotted; perianth glaucous without, the tube broadly funnel-shaped, 8 to 10 mm. long, the lobes oblong, 12 mm. long; stamens inserted near the top of the tube; ovary inelud- ing slender beak 4 mim. Ieng. Southeastern Texas and northern Mexico. The flowers here described were collected near Brownsville, Texas, October, 1895 (no. 73), by C. H. Tyler Townsend. The plant is called ‘huaco,’’ and is supposed to be a remedy for snake bites. «@ Diag. Pl. Noy. 3. 55, 1880, ROSE—MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN PLANTS. 21 Although probably common both in Texas and Mexico in the valley of the Lower Rio Grande, yet it has rarely been collected. Townsend’s plant is the only specimen we haye in the National Herbarium. The only other recorded collection is that of Dr. J. Gregg near Matamoras in 1847. There is still some doubt as to what is the uf. rariegata of Jacobi, but T have fol- lowed Engelmann and Baker in referring the specimen of the Rio Grande there. Be this as it may, Agere rariegata must bea Mantfreda. A species of Central Mexico has been referred to variegata by Dr. Watson, which should not be confused with the above. An excellent colored figure of this plant is furnished by Saunders. ¢ 10. Manfreda elongata Rose, sp. noy. Stems 9 to 12 dm. high, glabrous throughout; leaves strongly recurved, deeply channeled, 3 dm. or more long, 5 em. broad, green, the margin entire; flowers rather thickly set; ovary 10 to 12 mm. long; perianth tube cylindrical, 12 to 14 mm. long, brownish; lobes linear, as long as or slightly longer than the tube; stamens abont 2.5 em. long, shorter than the style, inserted just below the top of the perianth tube. Collected by J. N. Rose in a narrow valley on the west side of the east range of the Sierra Madre in southern Durango, August 16, 1897 (no, 2541). 11. Manfreda revoluta (Klotzsch) Rose. Agave reroluta Klotzsch, Otto & Dietr. Alle. Gartenz. 8: 274. 1840. Apparently described from specimens which flowered in the Berlin Botanical Gar- den in 1840. Described by Baker as having the leaves green, falcate, channeled down the face, and entire on the margin; perianth 3.1 to 3.6 cm. long, the tube equaling the length of the segments. Our labeled specimens, collected by Dr. Pal- mer at Saltillo, which have been referred here by Dr. Watson, seem to belong rather to Me brachystachys. 12. Manfreda oliverana Rose, sp. nov. Leaves about 6,5 dm. long, at first erect, becoming somewhat bent in age, strongly channeled for two-thirds the length below, flat above, 3.1 em. broad, acute, the margin entire and smooth to the touch, purplish at base, elsewhere bright green; peduncle, including the spike of flowers, 1.8m, high, 6 or 8 bracteate below, the lower bracts leaflike, glaucous; flowers (in one specimen) 23, greenish yellow, soli- tary, sessile; ovary 1.8 cm. long, glancous; tube 1.6 to 1.8 em. long, funnel-shaped; segments glaucous without, 1.8 to 2 cm. long, at first, strongly recurved, but in a few days becoming nearly erect, the inner ones toothed on each side near the base; stamens erect, attached one-third the length of the tube from the top, 3.7 em. long; anthers pale yellow, 1.8 cm. long, style at first protruding from the side of the flowers, Rootstocks of this Manfreda were collected by J. N. Rose along the road between Colotlan and Bolafios, in the State of Jalisco, September 8, 1897, and were flowered hy Mr. George W, Oliver in the Botanic Garden at Washington, August, 1898 (no. 376). | have named this species in honor of Mr. Oliver, who has taken great pains and ‘terest in flowering many of my plants. .o. Manfreda guttata (Jacobi & Bouché) Rose. Agave guttata Jacobi & Bouché, Hamb. Gartenz, 21: 190. 1865. Agave protuberans Engelm. in Baker, Handbook Amaryl. 197, 1888, Leichtlinia protuberans Ross, Del. Sem. Hort. Bot. Panorm. 48, 1898, Leichtlinia commutata Ross, Te. Deser. PL. Nov. Rar. 10. 1896. Leaves 3 to 4 dm. long, spreading, linear to lanceolate, 1.6 to 5 em. wide, with nearly entire or denticulate margins, dull green with brown spots (not always shown 6 in dried specimens); perianth tube funnelshaped, very short, 6 to S mm, long; ¢Refugium Botanicum 5: 6. 326, 2? CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. segments purplish, linear, twice as long as the tube; stamens inserted at the top of the perianth tube, 5 em. long or less; ovary free at the tip; capsule oblong to obovate, less than 2.5 em. long. This species, as T have characterized it above, is perhaps the commonest Manfreda in Mexico, except WM. brachystachys, and seems to be frequent over much of the table- land region. It has been, however, one of the most difficult species for me to make out, and even Mr. Baker only cites a single cultivated specimen. Jacobi (at least I infer so from Engelmann’s manuscript) described the flowers incorrectly, for he states that the stamens are inserted at the base of the perianth tube. This seems to have led Engelmann and Baker to separate 1. protuberans. Hemsley, in the Biologia and elsewhere, and Watson (in ITerb.) referred the specimen so separated to A. guétata, in which opinion [Tam inclined to concur. 14. Manfreda planifolia ( Wats.) Rose. Agave planifolia Wats. Proc. Am. Acad. 22 : 479, 1887. Perianth 1.8 em. long; segments 3 or 4 times as long as the tube; stamens long- exserted. This is one of the broadest-leaved species which I know. Here also has been referred Pringle’s No. 2265 from the Sierra Madre near Monterey, State of Nuevo Leon. Type collected by Mr. C. G. Pringle, ‘‘Mapula Mountains, Chihuahua,’ in 1886 (No. 1141). 1 5. Manfreda undulata (Klotzsch) Rose. Agave undulata Klotzsch, in Otto & Dietr. All. Gartenz. 8: 274. 1840, Leaves 4.5 dm, long, 3 cm. wide, channeled down the face, not spotted; glaucous green, perianth tube 8 mim. long; segments 16 mim, long; insertion of the stamens not given, This species seems to be known only from plants which flowered in Berlin in 1869. 16. Manfreda rubescens Rose, sp. nov. Bulbs oblong, covered with a dense mass of brown fibers; basal leaves linear- lanceolate, erect, 2 to 2.5 dm. long, 8 to 10 mm. wide, acute, glabrous, green, not spotted; stem leaves 4 to 6, bractlike; peduncle 6 to 9 dm. high; flowers few (5 to8), alternate, sessile, dark purple, 3.2 to 3.6 em. long, including the ovary and stamens; ovary smooth, 8 to 10 mm. long; perianth tube very short, 2 to 4 mm. long; seg- ments 1.2 cm. long; stamens 2.5 em. long, inserted at the top of the tube; ovary free at tip. Only a few specimens seen in one locality, a small grassy opening along a little stream in the western foothills of the Sierra Madre near Pedro Paulo, Territorio de Tepic, August 4, 1897 (no. 1994). This species is perhaps nearest M. guttata (A. protuberans), but has fewer and smaller flowers, and very different leaves. 17. Manfreda jaliscana Rose, sp. nov. Leaves almost 6 dm. long, 1 em. wide; perianth tube, 4 to 8 mm. long; lobes oblong, 12 to 14 mm. long, 3 mm. wide, purplish; stamens, 7.5 em. long, inserted near or at the top of the tube, purplish; anthers, 12 mm. long; ovary slightly glau- cous; capsule oblong, 3 em. high, constricted at base into a short stipe, apiculate at tip. Collected by Mr. C. G. Pringle near Gaudalajara, December, 1889 (no. 1850), and distributed as 1. variegata, but very different from that species, at least as understood by Baker, Engelmann, and others. I have not seen Jacobi’s original description, but from notes left by Engelmann, which are apparently copied from Jacobi, I am inclined to think that the Texas plant, which goes under the name of 4. rariegata, is properly so referred. Also collected by E. W. Nelson, west Mexico, 1903 (no. 6872). : ROSE—MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN PLANTS. 23 In 1899 I found bulbs of this same species very common in the market at Guadala- jara, and a small quantity were obtained and sent home. One of these flowered in April, 1900 (no. 109). SPECIES IN CULTIVATION. The following species of Manfreda have been reported, under the name Agave, as in cultivation, and as having been introduced at the dates appended: aliberti, 1882. maculosa, 1856?. brachystachys, 1820. revoluta, 1840. conduplicata, ——. andulata, 1840. maculata, 1859, raricgata, 1865, maculata minor, 1869. virginica, 1765, ARISTOLOCHIACEAE. NEW NAME FOR AN ARISTOLOCHIA. Aristolochia pringlei Rose, nom. nov. Aristolochia longecaudata Wats. Proc. Am. Acad, 22: 447. 1887, not Masters, 1875. The writer collected in 1899, about the little town of Tequila, an Aristolochia which proved to be A. /ongecaudata Watson, a species only known heretofore from the plains near Guadalajara, where it was first obtained by Palmer and afterwards by Pringle. Mr. Pringle has recently called my attention to the fact that there is an Aristolochia longecaudata of Masters. As the name was not found inthe Kew Index, the first impression was that Masters’s name must be later, but it really has a preced- ence of some twelve years. Specimens examined: Jalisco: Near Guadalajara, Dr. FE. Palmer, 1886 (no, 287); same station, C. G. Pringle, 1893 (no. 4425); near Tequila, J. N. Rose and Walter Hough, 1899 (no, 4764). PAPAVERACEAE. THE MEXICAN SPECIES OF ARGEMONE.’ Linneus, in the first edition of the Species Plantarum, assiened three species to the genus Argemone. Only one of these, vl. mrentcand, remains in the genus as we understand it to-day, and this ix clearly the historical type. The genus dates back to Tournefort, who only knew one species, that now called A. mericana. Hemsley, in the Biologia, assigns five species to Mexico, but two of these (A. grandiflora and A, ochrofeuca) he thought were probably varieties of A. mexicana. Prain, in an exhaustive and scholarly review of the genus, has brought together the results of much bibliographical study, but in his a Argemone I. Sp. Pl. 1: 508. 1755. ‘womEGRA A. Nelson, Analyt. Key PL. Rocky Mts, 27. 1902. Type species of Argemone, .1. mexicana L.; of Enomegra, .t. ispida Gray. 24 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. treatment of the species is not very satisfactory. He recognizes but six species belonging to this genus, five of which are credited to Mexico. The writer has seen at least cleven species of Argemone from Mex- ico and nearly all of them he has actually collected. Several other species have been described by various writers, but these are not vastly made out. They have all gone into synonymy, where perhaps they should remain. All of the species are common and the genus has a wide distribution, both laterally and altitudinally. The various species seem to prefer cultivated ground to the unbroken soil and are there- fore most commonly found in neglected fields and along railroad tracks. If Mr. A. Nelson’s genus Enomeera based on Argemone hispida pos- sesses no other characters than those cited in the original place of pub- lication, viz, thick milky-white sap and densely bristly stems and leaves, it can hardly be taken seriously. KEY TO SPECIES. Flowers yellow. Seis woody... 0.2222 eee Il. A. fruticosa, Stems herbaceous. Styles none; flowers bright yellow... 00.2222 ee 2. L. mericana. Style evident; Jlowers pale yellow .. 0.0 00202.-22----------- 22. 3B. vl. ochrolenea, Flowers not yellow (mostly white) . . Back of sepals not prickly; fruit nearly smooth .22..02222.000---. 4.0. grandiflora. Back of sepals more or less prickly; fruit prickly. Flowers pinkish ov purple .....0.202202-----2----- 2 5. A, senguinea. Flowers white. Stems and leaves setose as well as densely prickly. ...2.0.0..-----. 6. A. hispida, Stem and leaves not setose and less densely prickly. Filaments purple. Style slender... 2.00.0. oo eee 7. A. arida, Style wanting 2.2.2.0... cee eee eee 8. o1. platyceras, Filaments yellow. Petals small and narrow... 2.02.02... 2.222.222 9. A. stenopetala, Petals large and broad, Steins stout, very prickly... 0.00.22. 2-2-2222. LO. A. amunita. Slems weak, much less prickly. ....2...2.--------2 Il. A. gracilenta, 1. Argemone fruticosa Thurber; Gray, Mem. Am. Acad. 11. 5 : 806. 1854. Speciinen evramined: Coahuila: At San Lorenzo de Laguna, E. Palmer 21, 1880 Type locality: “In the mountain pass of La Pena, Coahuila.”’ 2. Argemone mexicana L. Sp. Pl. 1 :508. 1753. Type locality: ‘Mexico, ete.” The writer, who has traveled extensively over Mexico and has looked expressly for this species, has never seen it in all the western or central part of the country. Indeed, he has only once collected it and then about Oaxaca City, where it could easily haye been introduced. These observations are in line with Prain, who states that the species is found in Mexico only as an introduced plant, generally in the neighborhood of seaport towns. All herbarium material seen is from Guatemala and extreme south Mexico. ROSE—-MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN PLANTS. 25 3. Argemone ochroleuca Sweet, Brit. Fl. Gard. 3: pl. 242, 1828. Argemone mexicana ochroleuea Lindl. Bot. Reg. 16: pl. 1843, 1830. This species is common all down the west coast of Mexico, and was the only species of the genus seen by the writer south of Guaymas. In the interior it was seen from Chihuahua City to Oaxaca City and it is the most common argemony of Mexico. It is usually seen about houses and towns growing in waste places. The flowers are always a very pale lemon yellow. The fresh flowers sometimes appear nearly white, but the yellow color comes out more strongly in drying. Prain, in his monograph of this genus, keeps ochroleuca as a variety of mericana, although with some misgivings. It seems to the writer that the two forms should be kept distinet, for besides the differences cited by Prain our own material of ochroleuca shows somewhat thicker leaves, with stouter, more spinescent teeth. The color of the flowers is pale lemon, while that of mexicana is always orange yellow, Type locality: Original description drawn from specimens grown from Mexican seed. The following specimens have been collected by J. N. Rose: Sonora: Between Nogales and Guaymas, June 4, 1897 (no. 1297); near Guaymas, June 5 to 11, 1897 (no. 1252). Tepic: Near Acaponeta, July 30, 1897 (no, 8286). Chihuahua: Near Chihuahua City, May 11, 1899 (no. 4207). Federal District: Hill near Guadalupe, Valley of Mexico, June 10, 1899 (no, 4542), 4. Argemone grandiflora Sweet, Brit. Fl. Gard. 3: pl. 226. 1827. Stems with very few prickles and glaucous; leaves somewhat prickly on the margins and midrib. Sepals 3, broadly ovate, tapering into a long acumination tipped with a weak prickle; flowers white, 10 cm. broad; stamens numerous, ye llow; ovary blush, slightly prickly; style short but evident. Collected by Rose and Hough at ¢ ‘ardenas, San Luis Potosi, July 15, 1899 (No. 4884) and seen fora stretch of perhaps 50 miles between this place and the city of San Luis Potosi. This must be the true A. grandiflora, now common in gardens, but according to Dr. Prain, represented in herbaria by only a single specimen in the Paris herbarium, collected by Ghiesbrecht in the State of Oaxaca. Besides several good herbarium specimens, a small quantity of seed was obtained. The above description is drawn from my own specimens, which seem to accord with the illustrations in the Botanical Register¢ and the Botanical Magazine.’ This species was introduced into cultivation in 1827, 5. Argemone sanguinea Greene, Pittonia 4: 68. 1899. Argemone mexicana rosea Greene, loc. cit. as syn. Argemone platyceras rosea Coulter, Contr. Nat. Herb, 1: 380. 1890, not A, rosea Tlook. 183 Stems slender, very prickly and glaucous, leaves pale, pinnately lobed; the lobes with broad spiny-tipped teeth, flowers on short peduncles, pinkish to deep purple, 6 to 10 em. broad; sepals broad, 18 mm. long, tipped with a long spine; fruit linear- oblong, 3 to 5em. long; style almost wanting. Type locality: ‘Corpus Christi, Texas,”’ collected by G. C. Nealley. Specimens eramined . Texas: Eagle Pass, V. Havard, April, 1883; same station, C. G, Pringle, 1900 (no. 8277). Coahuila: Saltillo, Dr. Palmer, 1880 (no. 20) and 1898 (no, 325), and near Parra 1898 (no. 442). ap L 1264, PPL. 307: 26 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 6. Argemone hispida (ray, Pl. Fend]. 5. 1849. Described as perennial, stout; stems very pale and of a glaucous cast, densely setose-prickly as well assetose; leaves setose and prickly; flowers large, white, nearly sessile; capsule pale, rather narrow, oblong, prickly and setose like the stem; style short but distinct. The following material from Mexico seems to belong here: voahuila: At Saltillo, Dr. E. Palmer, 1880 (no, 19) and 1898 (no. 208). Type locality: ‘Around Santa Fe,’’ New Mexico. Miss Eastwood“ has called attention to the distinctness of this species from the so-called A. platyceras of the United States. As is shown elsewhere in this paper, the true platyceras is not to be expected in the United States. To A. hispida Tam inelined to refer A. squarrosa Greene,’ which came also from New Mexico. 7. Argemone arida Rose, sp. nov. Stems branching, pale and somewhat glaucous, with scattered prickles, but not hispid; leaves pinnately lobed, the lobes with spiny-tipped teeth; flowers subsessile, 7 to 8 em. broad, white; sepals with scattered prickles, the horns narrow, ending in along prickle; petals rather broad at base; stamens numerous, purplish; ovary and capsule very prickly, somewhat glaucous, narrowly oblong, the walls rather firm; style very distinct, at least 2 to 3 mm. long. Collected by J. N. Rose and Walter Hough on the arid plains about San Luis Potosi, Mexico, July 13, 1899 (no, 4864). This species is very different from the one described below as ut. platyceras, espe- cially in its capsule, style, ete. 8. Argemone platyceras Link & Otto, Ic. Plant. Rar. Hort. Berol. 1: 85. pl 48. 1831 (?). Stems 5 to 8 dm. high, somewhat diffuse, prickly; leaves pinnately lobed, the lobes strongly toothed and spiny-tipped; flower buds in clusters; peduncles even in fruit very short; flowers very large, 7 to 15 em. broad, white, sometimes drying yel. lowish; sepals bristly, broad, the flat acumination also bristly and ending in a spine (not shown in original drawing); stamens purple; fruit ovate-oblong, 3.5 to 4 em. long, thin-walled, very prickly; stigmas large, sessile; seeds with coarser reticula- tions than in A. mexicana. Specimens examined: Puebla: Between Tepeaca and Santa Rosa, J. N. Rose, June 27, 1899 (no. 4730). Mexico: Near Ozumba, J. N. Rose, July 6, 1901 (no. 5355). Federal District: At Ajusce, July 4, 1901 (no. 5306), Vera Cruz: Las Vegas, J. N. Rose, May 17 to 22, 1899 (no. 4288). Seeds of this species were brought home from Mexico in 1899 (Rose no. 4730), and these flowered in July, 1900, and the following notes were made at that time: Stems 4 dm. high, erect and simple, only slightly prickly, a little glaucous; the 3 inner petals much smaller than the outer; stamens reddish; stigmas 4, sessile. The type of this species is said to grow ‘‘in Cofre de Perote prope Hacienda de la Laguna.”’ Just what is meant by this statement is not clear. The ‘‘ Hacienda de la Laguna”’ is near Jalapa, Vera Cruz. A more accurate statement would probably be “above Hacienda de la Laguna toward the Cofre de Perote.””. Mr. Pringle and the writer collected on the mountains aboye Jalapa, and consequently near the type locality, a plant whichseems to answer in all essential particulars to Link and Otto’s figure. A. platyceras is certainly to be kept distinet from our United States and northern Mexican forms. aZFoe 4: 4. » Pittonia 4: 68. ROSE—MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN PLANTS. 27 9. Argemone stenopetala (Prain) Rose, Argemone intermedia stenopetala Prain, Journ, Bot, 33: 364. 1895. Stems apparently annual, glaucous, and with scattered weak prickles, flowers sub- sessile, very small, white; petals lanceolate, 1.5 to 2 mm. long; fruit ovate-oblong, 2.5 to 3em. long, prickly; style short. Specimens examined: Chihuahua: In valley near Chihuahua City, C. G. Pringle, 1885 (no, 43) ; same locality, J. N. Rose, 1899 (no. 4206). The writer found this species growing associated with A. echrolenea, from which it is dithicult to distinguish it except by the color of the flowers. Type locality: “Chihuahua City.” 10. Argemone munita Dur. & Hilg. Pac. R. Rep, 5°: 6. pl. 7. 1855, Type locality: ‘Williamson Pass,’? California. The writer has not examined the type of A. wumita and the following specimens may belong elsewhere. They are quite different, however, from all our other Mexican material. Specimens examined : Sonora: Between Nogales and Guaymas, J. N. Rose, June 4, 1897 (no, 1299). Chihuahua: St. Diego, C. V. Hartman, May 8, 1891 (no. 673); Casas Grandes, I. A. Goldman, May 29, 1899 (no, 416). The writer found this species very common along the railroad running between Nogales and Guaymas. The large pure white flowers are often 8.5 em, in diameter. 11. Argemone gracilenta Greene, Pittonia 3 : 346, 1898. A slender plant; branches pale, armed with scattered long slender prickles; leaves slightly lobed, very prickly; flowers sessile or nearly so; sepals broad, prickly on the back and terminating in a long prickle; petals white, 3 cm. long; fruit seen immature, oblong, prickly; style very short. Only known from Dr. E. Palmer’s plant from Lower California, collected in 1887. Type locality: ‘‘Muleje, Lower California.”’ Professor Greene says it is a ‘species of well-defined aspect and indisputable characters.” RANUNCULACEAE. NEW SPECIES OF THALICTRUM. Since my notes on some Mexican species of Thalictrum were pub- lished in volume 5 of the Contributions, I have given further attention to the genus, both in the field and in the study. Although considerable work must yet be done on our Mexican species, the following do not seem to be involved in the confusion and their publication need not be delayed longer. Thalictrum obliquum Rose, sp. nov. Stems slender, much branched above, glaucous, glabrous throughout, including the leaflets; leaves 3 or 4 times ternate, broad in outline; leaflets small, nearly orbicular or ovate, few-toothed or lacerate above, obliquely truncate, sometimes cuneate, the terminal ones sometimes cordate at base; inflorescence a narrow panicle; stamens shortly apiculate; akenes strongly reticulate-nerved, glabrous. Collected by C. G. Pringle on bluffs at Amozoc, Puebla, September 10, 1901 (no. 9541). I should assign this species to a position near 7. gibbosum, but the leaflets are more deeply cleft and greener beneath, and the anthers distinctly but shortly apiculate. 28 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. Thalictrum peninsulare (Brandegee) Rose. Thatictrun resiculosum peninsilare Brandegee, Zoe 4: 399. 1894, Mr. Brandegee describes it as follows: “ Thalictriun vesiculosinin Lee. var. peninsulare. Plants about 1m. high, glabrous throughout, excepting a minute glandular pubescence on the margins of the sheaths, somewhat glaucous; stems striate: leaves tripinnate, distant; leaflets slender-petio- ulate, thin, sometimes 3 em., but ordinarily less than 2 cm. long, green above, glau- cous below, spatulate, ovate or obovate, 3 to 6, commonly, 3-lobed at apex, the lobes entire; panicle loose and spreading somewhat leafy; pedicels elongated, filiform: flowers usually hermaphrodite; sepals 4, 2 mim. long, oblong-elliptic or oval, pur- plish, with conspicuous parallel veins; filaments filiform, flexuous, more or less dilated toward the top, in full development exceeding the linear 4 to 5 mim. long, mucronate anthers, ovaries about 5, stipitate; style filiform 6 to 8 mm. long, strongly papillose on the back, tapering to the extremity, stigmatic nearly the whole length, the thin margin rolled in; heads nodding in fruit, akenes 5 to 6 mm. long, usually concave on the inner angle, stipitate, tipped by more or less of the base of the style, the flat- tened sides and back strongly veined and nodulose.—Common at middle elevations in the mountains of the Cape Region. “This plant is geographically so far removed from the South American type that comparison of specimens may show them to be specifically distinct.” Thalictrum jalapense Roze, sp. noy. Stems 9 to 10 dim. high, glaucous; leaves 3 or 4 ternate; leaflets small, nearly orbic- ular, 1 fo 1.5 em, in diameter, glabrous above, pubescent by short papillose hairs beneath, few-toothed, strongly cordate at base; inflorescence paniculate; sepals pur- plish, somewhat glandular; stamens long, mucronate-tipped; akenes small, strongly reticulate-nerved. Collected by J. N. Rose near Jalapa, August 17, 1901 (no. 6188). This species comes near 7. strigulosum Hemsley, but has smaller leaflets and these glabrous above, glandular sepals, ete. It is also found at much lower altitudes. Thalictrum stipitatum Rose, sp. noy. Stems 18 to 30 em, high and closely resembling 7. obliqniin, except that the leaf- lets are even smaller and often entire, at most with a single tooth on a side, and the akenes more tapering at base, forming a very decided stipe. Collected by C. G. Pringle in a wet barranea above Cuernavaca, altitude 1,950 meters, September 21, 1896 (no. 6511), and distributed as 7. gibbosum. Thalictrum subpubescens Rose, sp. nov. Rather stout, 9 to 15 dm. high, with glabrous or glabrate stems; leaves large, broad in outline, 3 or 4 times ternate, the rachis and under surface of leaflets softly pubes- cent; leaflets orbicular, rather large, 2 to 3 em. in diameter, with a few rounded teeth, glabrous above; inflorescence panicalate; anthers long-apiculate; akenes strongly reticulated. Collected by C. G. Pringle on moist banks in Sierra de las Cruces, altitude 3,000 meters, August 14, 1896 (no. 6414). Perhaps nearest 7. tomentellum Rob. & Sea., but stouter, with larger leaflets, these glabrous above, ete. BRASSICACEAE. NEW SPECIES OF DRABA. Heretofore only four species of Draba have been known from Central Mexico. The five new species here proposed have been repeatedly compared with the descriptions of these old ones. Several ROSE—MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN PLANTS. 29) of the new descriptions have been in manuscript for seven or eight years. Two of the old species, viz: 2. myosotioides and DPD. popocate- petlensis, have been collected by the writer at their type localities in great abundance. The other two (2. joru/lens/s and LD. tolucensis), although known from descriptions only, seem to be quite distinct from any of these. Draba confusa Rose, sp. nov. Annual or perhaps biennial, erect, 8 dm. or so high, somewhat stellate-pubescent, basal leaves oblong-linear, 4 to 5 cm. long, obtuse; stem leaves similar, subentire; inflorescence strict, 1 to 2 dm. long; pedicels spreading 3 to 10 mm. long; petals yellow, longer than the sepals; pods ovate-oblong, 10 to 12 mm. long, pubescent; style prominent, less than | mm. long; stigma broad; cells each 4 to 6 seeded. Collected by C. G. Pringle under cold cliffs of Sierra de las Cruces, altitude 3,600 meters, October 7, 1895 (no, 5260). This was distributed as D. inyosotoides, from which it is abundantly distinct in its pods, style, ete. Draba mexicana Roxe, sp. nov. Biennial or perhaps perennial, more or less branching, more or less. stellate- pubescent; basal leaves not seen; stem leaves scattered, oblong or the upper ones linear, obtuse, few-toothed, nearly glabrous; inflorescence open, elongated, | dm, long; pedicels 5 to 7 mim. long; sepals orbicular, tinged with purple, glabrous; petals longer than the sepals, pale yellow; pods ovate, 5 min. long, slightly pubescent; cells about 4-seeded; style distinct, less than | mim, long. Collected by C. G. Pringle on Sierra de Ajusco, Federal district, altitude 3,000 meters, August 8, 1896 (no. 7385). This was distributed as 2. myosotoides, but differs from it in its longer style, and in its foliage, ete, Draba nivicola Rose, sp. nov. Low perennial growing 2.5 to 5 em. high with a thick caudex densely covered with bases of the old leaves; root thick, branching below, about 5dm. long; stems arising from the caudex numerous; leaves very many, spatulate, 10 to 14 mm. long, obtuse, entire, densely stellate-pubescent on both sides or becoming glabrate above; flowers bright yellow; sepals glabrous, oval, obtuse; petals a little longer than the sepals, obtuse, tapering at the base into a claw, 2mm. long; pod ovate, nearly gla- brous, 6 mm. long. Collected by EK. W. Nelson on Mount Orizaba, April 22, 1893 (no.4) and 1894 (no, 280), and on Cofre de Perote, May, 1893; also by J. N. Rose on Mount Orizaba, July 26, 1901 (no. 5766, type). Itis very near J, orbiculata in habit and foliage, but very different in the shape of the pod, while the leaves are a little shorter and of different shape. Draba orbiculata Rose, sp. nov. In habit, folage, and pubescence this species is strikingly similar to D. niricola, but the fruit is so very different that I feel no hesitancy in describing it as also new. Pedicels rather stout, 5 mm. long, spreading; fruit orbicular, 2 mm. in diameter, glabrous: style thick, 0.5 mm. long, seeds 2 to each cell, attached near the top of cell; flowers not seen. Only known from specimens collected in porphyritie gravel of the crater of Nevado de Toluca by C. G. Pringle. September 2, 1892 (no. 4234). This was distributed as “Draba tolucensis TH. B. K. 2’? I feel convinced that D. toducensis must be quite dis- tinct from the above. 30 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. Draba pringlei Rose, sp. nov. Perennial from a much-branched caudex, the lower parts covered with old leaf bases; basal leaves thin, 2 cm. long, spatulate, tapering at base into a bre mad petiole, the margin ciliate, the two surfaces smooth or with afew hairs cither simple or stellate; branches about 1 dm. high, nearly naked below, somewhat subdivided above; spikes short and compact; pedicels spreading, 5 mm. long, stellate-pubescent; petals (at least in old specimens) white; pods ovate, of a deep bluish-green color, 4mm, long; style very short; ovules about 6 in each cell. Collected by C. G. Pringle on the colder slopes within the crater of the Nevado de Toluca, altitude 4,080 meters, September 1, 1892 (no. 4248), It was distributed as “Draba jorullensis var.,”? but it hardly answers to that species. Here also seems to belong the plant described by Mr. Hemsley in the Biologia@ as D. tolucensis, as it agrees with mine in color of flowers, and in its short style, hairy pods, ete. The true D. tolucensis was found on the low hills about Toluca (altitude 2,400 meters) and must be very different from this species, which comes from the top of Nevado de Toluca. ROSACEAE. TWO NEW SPECIES OF POTENTILLA. Potentilla madrensis Rose, sp. nov. Puare ITT, Stems froma thick root, branching at base, ascending 2 to 4 dm. long, glabrous below, somewhat villous and glandular-pubescent above, leaves mostly basal and long-petioled; stipules small; leaflets 3, glabrous and green on both sides, rounded at apex, crenately toothed, 20 to 25 mm, long, obovate to oblong; sepals ovate, acute; bracts linear; petals purplish, longer than the sepals. Collected by J. N. Rose near Santa Gertrudis, Tepic, August 8, 1897 (no, 2096). Nearest P. thurberi, but very different in habit, number of leaflets, ete. EXPLANATION OF PLATE II.—Plant, natural size, Potentilla rydbergiana Rose, sp. nov. Puare TV. Stems from a thick, much-branched caudex, villous-pubescent, the parts above ground usually simple and bearing a single terminal flower; basal leaves digitately foliate; leaflets 5, obovate, 1 to 2 em. long, with a few coarse obtuse serrations, gla- brous above, with a few long hairs beneath; stipules lanceolate, entire; petiole as long as or longer than the leaflets; flowering stems slender, ascending, | dim. or less long, bearing | to 4 much reduced leaves; calyx lobes ovate and acute; bractlets somewhat shorter and broader with the apex rounded; petals bright vellow, 1 em, long, retuse. Jommon on rocks on the high mountains above Pachuca, [lidalgo. Collected by C. G. Pringle, August 3, 1898 (no. 7646, type), and July 21, 101 (no, 8549), and by J. N. Rose, July 21, 1901 (no. 5607). This species has much the habit of 2. ranunculvides, but has fewer and different flowers. The specific name is given in honor of Dr. P. A. Rydberg, who has monographed the genus. EXPLANATION OF PLATE IV.—Plant, natural size, « Biologia Centrali-Americana 2: 34. PLaTeE Ill. Contr. Nat. Herb., Vol. VIII. POTENTILLA MADRENSIS ROSE. PLATE IV. Contr. Nat. Herb., Vol. VIII, POTENTILLA RYDBERGIANA ROSE. ROSE—-MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN PLANTS. 31 MIMOSACEAE. NEW SPECIES OF ACACIA, MIMOSA, AND PITHECOLOBIUM. Acacia ambigua Rose, sp. nov. Figure 7, Low, somewhat diffuse shrubs, 12 to 20 dm. high, pubescent (even on the old wood and thorns), infrastipular spines long and slender; compound leaves much reduced, subsessile; pinnze 1 pair; leaf- lets 1 pair, 8 mm. long, oblong, obtuse, slightly pubescent; flowers in slender spikes; legumes linear, 7 to 8 em. long, densely silky pubescent. Collected on the hills about Matamo- ras, Puebla, where it is Common, by J. N. Rose and Walter Hough, June 26, 1899 (no. 4698, type), and near Yautepec, Morelos, by J. N. Rose, July 5, 1901 (no. 5842). This species belongs to the amentacea group but differs from all the related species in its silky pods, ete. Acacia compacta Rose, sp. nov. A large, round bush 2 to 3 meters high; old branches shining, reddish brown; young branches grayish pubes- cent; leaves rather small; rachis and under surface of leaflets somewhat silky pubescent; pinme 2 to 5 pairs, 8 to 12 mm. long; leaflets 12 to 15 pairs, nar- rowly oblong, 1 to 1.5 mm. long, obtuse; flowers yellow in dense spikes 2.5 to 3 em, Fic. 7.—Pods of Acacia ambigua, long; spikes solitary or in pairs forming short naked racemes; calyx minute, silky; corolla twice as long as calyx; stamens numerous, distinct; legume oblong, flat and thin, | dim, long, 16 mm. broad, acute at apex, shortly stipitate. Collected by J. N. Rose and Walter Hough in Tomellin Canyon, Oaxaca, June 24, 1899 (no. 4680). No fruit could be found on the plant, but a single pod, as above described, was picked up under the bush. It appeared to belong to it, but I realize that there is always more or less risk in collecting and describing detached fruit of any of the Mimosae. It is a rule of the writer always to take fruit and flowers when possible from the same shrub. This species seems to be related to of. acatlensis Benth., but differs in several important respects. It seems best to describe the plant as new. Acacia sonorensis Rose, sp. nov. Shrubs; branches pubescent; pinnie 1 pair; petiole (very short) and rachis pubes- cent; leaflets 2 or 3 pairs, oblong, obtuse, slightly pubescent, 6 to 12 mm. long; spikes slender, with very hairy rachis, 2.5 to 3 em. long; legume (immature) linear, becoming glabrate. Collected by J. N. Rose, near Guaymas, Sonora, June 5 to 11, 1897 (no. 1247). Similar to A. amentacea but of different range, with pubescent leaves, ete. Acacia macilenta Rose, sp. nov. A handsome tree, 6 meters high; the trunk 7.5 to 12.5 em. in diameter; leaves large, often with 25 pairs of pinnie; petioles short, bearing a large oblong gland; spikes 10 to 12 em. long, in pairs, often forming terminal racemes 2.5 dim. long; flowers sweet-sgented; legume with thin valves covered with a close tomentum, 32 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. Collected by Dr. i. Palmer on river bottoms and mountain sides near Colima, January 9 to February 6, 1891 (no, 1209). In reporting upon Dr. Palmer’s Colima plants the writer referred this species to A. coulteri, Since then abundant material of the true coulteri has been collected by Mr. Nelson which shows this to be quite distinct. Acacia occidentalis Rose, sp. nov. A small tree or shrub, pubescent; petiole pubescent, bearing a gland above the middle; pinnie, 2 to 4 pairs; leaflets, 5 to 13 pairs, linear, 3 to 5 mm, long, at first puberulent, becoming glabrate in age, midyvein near the upper margin; flowers in heads, often 4 or more together, from the axils of the leaves; pods 7 cm. or less long, 2 cm. broad, stipitate, thin, glabrous. Only known from Sonora. Collected along railroad between Nogales and Guaymas by J. N. Rose, June 4, 1897 (no. 1294, type); near Altar, C. G. Pringle, April, 1884; Alamos, Dr. E. Palmer, 1890 (no. 315). This species has been distributed as a variety of A. malaco- phylla, but under a name which can not properly be used. [t is clearly not that species, differing especially in the size and veining of leaflets, texture of pods, ete. ; The species is very common on the dry plains of central Sonora. Here it appears as a low shrub, but doubtless because the largest plants have been cutaway. Dr. Palmer states that about Alamos it sometimes appears as a small tree, and that it is there much used as fuel. ce |} Acacia unijuga Rose, sp. nov. FIGure 8. A large tree with the wood white and very hard and durable; old branches grayish and glabrous; new branches pubescent; stipules spinescent, small in specimens seen; common petiole short, 2 em. or less long; pinne | pair; leaflets 2 pairs, oblong to orbicular, 2 to 4 em. long, rounded at apex sometimes mucronu- late, glabrous, midrib somewhat to one side; secondary rhachis narrowly winged; flowers small, yellow, in slen- der spikes (23 to 8 em. long), borne in clusters in the old leaf axils, peduncle bracteate at base; legume narrowly oblong, about 12 em. long, 1.8 to 2.5 wide, acute at apex, stipitate at base, flat and thin. Collected by Mr. C. G. Pringle in the lowlands near Tampico in 1899 (no. 6989). One of the most common trees in the lowland forests from the Gulf coast to the edge of the table-land. Fig. 8—Pod of clea: Mr. Pringle states that this is a very useful cia unijuga. wood and is much used for railroad ties above Tampico. Mimosa hemiendyta Rose & Robinson, sp. nov. Fics. 9 anp 10. Shrub 3 to 6 meters high, with stiff, subflexuous, divaricate, terete branches, armed at the nodes with pairs of short, conical, reddish, Fig. 9—Pod of scarcely recurved thorns, and covered on one side by a short, dense, Mimosa hen- rufous tomentum, on the other side by a finer, less copious, at iendyta. length obsolete, gray tomentum,; petioles 3 to 10 mm. long, with similar bichromatic pubescence; leaf rachis 1.2 to 1.8 cm. long; pinne 4 pairs, 1.5 to 2.5 cm. long; leaflets about 7 pairs, oblong, subtruncate at both ends, bright RUSE—MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN PLANTS. 33 green and glabrate above, pubescent and slightly paler beneath, ¢ mm. long, 3 mm. broad; flowers in globose heads; peduncles (in fruit) 1.2 em. long, tomentose; corolla glabrous, 4 or 5 toothed; the teeth ovate, acutish; stamens, twice as many; pods narrowly oblong, thin, flat, rafous-tomentulose, 4.5 em. long, 1.2 em. broad, slender-stiped, about 8-seeded, divided into as many nearly quadrate segments, and bordered by a thin, erose, purplish wing. Collected by KE. A. Goldman, at Apagote, near Yohaltun, State of Campeche, December 31, 1900 (no. 513). Type in U. 8. National Herbarium; fragment in herb. Gray. Related to MM. galeottii and M. mollis, but with the very peculiar pods of Mr. Rose’s recent species M. lacerata, Fic, 10,—Minosa hemiendyta Rose & Robinson. Pithecolobium compactum Rose, sp. nov. A low spreading compact bush, hardly rising above 3 to 5 dim. in height; branches usually stunted and short bearing short straight stipular spines, the old branches light gray, the young ones pubescent; leaves small and much reduced; pinnie one pair, 8 to 15am. long; petiole very short (1 to 4 mm. long), pubescent, bearing ¢ small gland at the top; leaflets 5 to 7 pairs; oblong to almost orbicular, rounded at apex, 2 to 4 mm. long, thickish, glabrous and shining above, dull and e¢labrous LS L04—03———33 3b4 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. beneath except for some crisped hairs on or near the margin; heads solitary, in the axils of leaves, 5mm. long; calyx minute, 0.5 mm. or less long; corolla much longer (3.5 mim, long), glabrous, the margins of the lobes reddish; stamens yellowish, num- erous, united below into a slender tube + mm. long; anthers minute, reddish; pods shortly stipitate, strongly curved, forming a half circle or even more strongly curved, 10 to 12 mm. broad, about 8 em. long, when green rather turgid, but the valves after breaking apart flat, covered with a fine pubescence; seeds black, somewhat flattened, circular or somewhat angled, 1 em. broad, attached to the pod by a long funiculus, Collected by J. N. Rose on the flat plain west of Tehuacan, Puebla, August 1, 1901 (no. 5840), In the field this species resembled very closely 2. padmer?, but it differs in so many details that I feel justified in treating it as L have. VICIACEAE. SYNOPSIS OF THE SPECIES OF COLOGANIA. The genus Cologania is entirely American and is restricted almost wholly to Mexico. Four species are found in the United States, but they belong to the border country and all probably extend into Mexico. About three species are found in Central America, one at least extend- ing into Mexico. Three species have been described from South America, two of which have been reported from Mexico, although perhaps only one really extends so far, This genus was established by Kunth in 1823 and was based on the two species C. procumbens and C. angustifolia, Bentham and Hooker in the Genera Plantarum state that there are four or five species, while the Kew Index recognizes thirteen, all but one being assigned to North America. A careful study of much Mexican material indicates that the number of species is much larger than was supposed. Some twenty-six species are here recognized from Mexico alone. The genus is a very consistent one, being readily distinguished from related genera by its slender tubular calyx. The species are rather difficult to distinguish, the best characters being in the habit and foliage and in the pubescence of the leaflets and calyx. There are probably good characters in the pods, but very few specimens have been col- lected in fruit. There is a great display of species in the mountains and table-land region of Mexico. The writer has collected twenty-nine numbers representing some ten species. The four United States species have not been frequently collected, although three of them have been in our large herbaria for more than fifty years. Two of these were taken for species of Humboldt collected by him in the mountains of central Mexico, but a careful study of the original descriptions seems to justify their separation. The United States species are easily distinguished by the subjoined key. ROSE—MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN PLANTS, 35 KEY TO UNITED STATES SPECIES. Stems procumbent; leaflets broad, suborbicular.......2.0..2.2--------- 1. C. lemmoni. Stems suberect or twining; leaflets usually narrow, linear to lanceolate. Leaflets lanceoldte.. 2.022 cece cece ee en eee eee eee eee eee eee BOO, pallida, Leaflets linear, Leaflets glabrous above, pods straight, elongated.........--------- 3. CL longifolia, Leaflets hairy above; pods faleute. 0.2.0.0. 2 eee eee eee eee 4+. CL confusa. From Central America have been reported Cologaunéu pulchella and C. procumbens. The former species is to be excluded from that region, but I here add C. pallida and C. rufescens, and there are probably still others to be found there. C. procumbens, C. ovalifolia, and C. austral/s have been described from South American specimens. (. procumbens seems to extend into southern Mexico; C. oval/fol/a has been credited to Mexico by several writers, but is probably to be excluded. Only a few species have ever been in cultivation and these usually in botanic gardens. Bailey does not include the genus in the Cyclo- pedia of American Horticulture, while Nicholson only enumerates four in his Dictionary of Gardening. The most ornamental ones, such as grandiflora, hirta, capitata, ete., have never been cultivated, although they seem worthy of a trial. The species are all perennial, growing at considerable elevations, in dry situations and usually in the open. The following are the species which have been reported in cultiva- tion, with the year of their introduction: Cologania biloba, 1827. Cologania pulchella, 1837. Cologania broussonetii, 1813, 1827. Cologania angustifolia, 1827. The following key is intended as merely suggestive and will prob- ably require much modification when more material is brought to hieht. KEY TO THE NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES, Leaflets one. Corolla 2 em, or more long ....22---+22---22----2-2--- 222 ee eee lL. C. procumbens. Corolla less than 2 em. long....-----2-2---- 2-2-2022 eee eee ee eee 2. C. erecta, Leaflets, more than one, usually three. Leaflets linear to narrowly oblong. Leaflets glabrous or nearly so above. Pubescence on calyx appressed; pods 3 cm. or less long......--- 3. CL intermedia. Pubescence on calyx spreading; pods 5 em, or more long, narrower than the last. 4. C. longifolia. Leaflets pubescent above. Leaflets greene... 0.2.2 eee ee ee ee eee eee eee d. C. angustifolia. Leaflets very pale. c.20 cece cece eee eee ee ee eee eee eee eee eee 6. C. confusa, 36 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. Leaflets oblong. Flowers axillary, solitary or in pairs. Stems climbing. Leaflets green above. Leaflets thickish. Flowers in small umbels. ..0 20.02.2022 2222-2 eee eee eee eee 7. C. deamii. Flowers in pairs. Hairs on calyx appressed 2.22... 026 0+ +0022222 2222 -+5- 8. CL scandens. Hairs on calyx spreading. ....----------------------- 9, CL rufescens. Leaflets thin ..2..22-2.- 20-22-22 eee eee ee eee eee 10. C. glabrior. Leaflets pale on both sides. Leaflets rounded at apex. 2.2.2 2++000 2250222 e rete eee 11. C. jaliseana. Leaflets (Cul 2.2.00 e eee ee eee eee cree eee 12. C. pallida. Stems not climbing. Leaflets glabrous or nearly so above. Petioles slender, sometimes 4 cm. long ....2.---+--++++----+- 13. C. martia. Petioles very short or wanting. Leaflets reticulate above, and. with close appressed pubescence beneath. 14. C. pringle:. Leaflets not reticulated above, and with somewhat spreading hairs beneath. 15. C. houghii. Leaflets pubescent above, Petioles short or wanting. Pods short, turgid. ....-.------------0 +222 2222222 - eee 16, C. lemmoni. p 7. C. humifusa, (18. C. ebovata. Petioles elongated ......-222.-+++---222 2-202 e eee 19. C. humilis. Flowers racemose ov capitate. Pods elongated, nurrow ........--2++-++-++-22222-- +--+ Flowers racemose. Racemes elongated. Leaflets elliptical, strongly reticulated above; bractlets minute... 20. C. nelsoni. Leaflets ovate, not strongly reticulated above; bractlets Imear. Pubescence on pods and calyx appressed. ...++++++-+-+-- 21. C. racemosa. Pubescence on pods and calyus spreading. ...-+++-++++++++-- 29. C. biloba. Racemes short. ......000----- 2222 e eee eee eee eee 23. C. grandiflora, Flowers capitate. Leaves narrow, acute; flowers indny......-2+2---2 22.2 eee eee 24. CL capitata. Leares broad and obtuse; flowers few ......----- 2-0-0000 22222 e 25. C. hirta. 1. Cologania procumbens Kunth, Mimos. 205, pl. 47. 1819. Type locality: ‘Prope Popoyan, alt. 912 hex,’’ South America. Without seeing the type it is difficult to decide whether the Mexican material is to be referred to C. procumbens or not. For the present, at least, it seems better not to make any change. The character of reflexed hairs on the stems seems variable in the Mexican material, for the writer collected both forms on San Felipe in 1899. The flowers are usually in pairs, but the earlier plants sometimes produce umbels of 3 or 4 flowers. Specimens evaneined: Guatemala: Station not given, Enrique Th. Heyde, 1892 (nos, 131 and 582); from Santa Rosa, H. yon Turckheim 1888 (no. 1419); from Department of Guatemala, W. C. Shannon (no. 4705), all in John Donnell Smith's distri- butions, in which the last two were sent out as Galactia marginalis, determ. Michel. Oaxaca. Between Guichocovi and Lagunas, altitude 187 to 289 meters, E. W. Nelson, Jane 27, 1896 (no. 2750); San Felipe, J. N. Rose, June, 1899 (no. 4596). ROSE—MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN PLANTS. 37 2. Cologania erecta Rose, Contr. Nat. Herb. 5: 136. 1897. Stems from a woody base, erect, 7.5 to 15 em. high, with rather close, erect pubescence; leaflets elongated, 10 to 15 cm. long, 4 to 8 mm. wide, rounded at base, somewhat tapering toward apex, but with obtuse apiculate tip; calyx 4 mm. long; pod 2.5 to 3.7 em. long, 3 mm. wide, pubescent. Type locality: ‘Near Guadalajara.”’ Collected by Mr. C. G, Pringle on rocky hills near Guadalajara, June 21, 1893 (no. 4401). 3. Cologania intermedia H. B. K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 6: 414. 1823. Type locality: ‘‘ Prope Real del Monte, Mexicanorum;’’ collected by Humboldt & Bonpland. Specimens examined: Federal District: Valley of Mexico near Tizapan, Bourgeau, 1865-66 (no. 328); same locality, C. G. Pringle, August, 1897 (no. 7480); near Tlalpam, J. N. Rose, June, 1899 (no. 4530); Santa Fé, May 24, 1899 (no. 4321); same loeality, July 11, 1901 (no. 5359), Jalisco: Road between Mesquitee and Monte Escobado, August, 1894 (no. 2610). Very near to C. angustifolia, to which Mr. Hemsley referred Bourgeau’s plant, but with the upper surface of the leaves glabrous. 4, Cologania longifolia Gray, Pl. Wright. 2: 85. 1853. Type locality: ‘‘ Hills near the copper mines, New Mexico. . . . Mountain ravines, on the Sonvita, near Deserted Rancho, Sonora.’’ 5. Cologania angustifolia Kunth, Mimos. 209. p/. 58. 1819. Type locality: ‘* Prope La Magdalena,’’ between Real del Moran and Actopan, Hidalgo; type collected by Humboldt & Bonpland. Deseribed in part as follows: Stems climbing; leatlets 5, linear, obtuse, on both sides, strigose; calyx hispid-pilose. Specimens of the writer’s referred here have the leaflets sometimes 10cm. long and 5mm. broad, the calyx covered with upwardly turned appressed hairs, the upper lobe of the calyx varying from acute to retuse, and the pods somewhat falcate. They may, however, represent a different species. Collected by J. N. Rose in foothills of the Sierra Madre, near Colomas, State of Sinaloa, July 14, 1897 (no. 1653); on Sierra Madre west of Bolaiios, State of Jalisco, oF September 16, 1897 (no, 3720), and in State of Durango, August 15, [LS897. 6. Cologania confusa Rose, sp. nov. Low plant with slender stems either trailing or climbing; leaflets 5, linear, pubes- cent on both sides; calyx tube 6 mm. long, with spreading pubescence; pod talcate, about 35 em. long. Collected first by C. Wright in 1851 probably from near E] Paso, Texas (no, 958, type), and more recently by Mr. G, C. Nealey in western Texas (no. 591a). This species was taken for C. angustifolia Kunth by Dr. Gray and was reported by him in Plantee Wrightianze under this name, by which it has ever since gone. It differs from (. angustifolia, however, in its range, in its smaller flowers, and in the pubescence of the calyx. Dr. Gray states that he had not seen Kunth’s illustration and description. 7. Cologania deamii Fernald, Proc. Am. Acad. 26: 492. 1901. Stems low and twining, pubescence reflexed; leaflets 3, broadly oblong, 2 to 3 em. long, 1.2 to 1.5 em. broad, apiculate, when young densely reddish-pubescent on both sides, the pubescence more scattered and appressed in age; flowers (at least the earlier ones) in umbels of two or four on peduncles sometimes 3 cm. long; pedicels 1 to 1.5 em. long; bractlets filiform, usually borne some distance below the flowers; 38 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. calyx 5 to 7 mm. long with pubescence of spreading hairs; upper lobe retuse; corolla 2 cm. long, purplish; pods (immature) linear, 4 cm, long, pubescent. Type locality: ‘‘Cuernavaca,’’ Morelos. Specimens examined: . Morelos: Near Cuernavaca, J. N. Rose, May 27 to 80, 1899 (no. 4360), and Charles C, Deam, July 7, 1901 (no. 40, type). 8. Cologania scandens Rose, sp. nov. Stems climbing, pubescent; leaflets ovate, 3 to 8 em. long, rounded at base, acute or obtuse and mucronate, appressed-pubescent on both sides, strongly nerved; per- fect flowers in pairs; calyx tube about 6 mm. long clothed with whitish appressed hairs; flowers violet. Collected by J. N. Rose on the road between Colotlan and Plateado, August 31, 1897 (no. 3618, type), and near Huejuquilla, August 25 (no. 3781). Perhaps nearest C. pulchella, but with rougher pubescence on the leaves, different pubescence on the calyx, ete. 9. Cologania rufescens Rose, sp. nov. A slender climbing vine, covered with reddish and somewhat spreading hairs; leaf- lets 3, ovate, acute and apiculate or shortly acuminate, appressed brownish pubescent on both sides; calyx tube 10 mm. long, covered with spreading reddish hairs; lobes much asin ©. glabrior; fruit not seen. Collected by Heyde & Lux in Chiul, Department of Quiché, Guatemala, Septem- ber, 1890, and distributed by John Donnell Smith (no. 4460). This species was distributed as a variety of C. pulchella under a hitherto unpublished nam>, which is here adopted. It seems very distinct from true pulchella, 10. Cologania glabrior Rose, sp. nov. Slender climbing vine; leaflets 2 to 6 cm. long, 1 to 4 mm. broad, ovate to oblong, very thin, greener and only slightly pubescent above, paler and appressed pubescent beneath, acute or sometimes obtuse at apex, rounded at base; flowers axillary, in pairs; buds long-acuminate; calyx tube 7 to 8 mim. long, covered with rather scanty appressed hairs; lateral lobes ovate and acuminate; dorsal lobe broader and acute; lower lobe linear. Collected by Heyde & Lux, Lagrena de Ayarza, Department of Jalapa, Guatemala, September, 1892, and distributed by John Donnell Smith (no. 3743); perhaps from the same locality, Heyde, 1892 (no. 454, type). Mr. Smith’s specimen was labeled by Micheli with the trivial name adopted above, but simply as a form of pulchella. It must, however, be very different from that species, which comes from central Mexico. 11. Cologania jaliscana Wats. Proc. Am. Acad. 26: 136. 1891. C. pringlee Wats. Proc. Am. Acad. 25: 147. 1890, not 23: 271. 1888. Type locality: Near Guadalajara ‘“‘Jalisco;’’ type collected by Mr. C. G. Pringle (no. 2788), 12. Cologania pallida Rose, sp. nov. Stems slender, climbing, pubescent; leaflets oblong to elliptical, usually acute, always apiculate, 2 to 38cm. long, very pale and cinereous-pubescent on both sides; flowers solitary (in specimens seen) on slender peduncles 6 to 8 mm. long; bractlets subtending the calyx filiform; calyx tube 6 mm. long, with pubescence somewhat scattered, spreading and stiff; fruit not seen. Collected by C. Wright in New Mexico in 1851 (no, 957, type) and by G. R. Vasey in the Organ Mountains of New Mexico in 1891. This plant was called C. pulchella by Dr, Gray, under which name it has since gone. Dr. Gray, however, seems to have been uncertain of its status, in one place stating that it perhaps was a different species and elsewhere that it was only a variety. ROSE—MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN PLANTS. 39 True C. pulchella is still very uncertain, a multitude of forms from a wide range of country having been referred to it, but it must be quite distinct from the above. According to the description it differs both in the color and the shape of the leaflets. 15. Cologania martia Wats. Proc. Am. Acad. 17: 345. 1882. Type locality: ‘Sandy places about San Luis Potosi.”’ Collected by J. N. Rose near Plateado, in the State of Zacatecas, September 3, 1897 (no. 2760). Only collected in fruit and with fruits produced from imperfect flowers. 14. Cologania pringlei Wats. Proc. Am. Acad. 23: 271. 1888. Type locality: ‘‘On pine plains at the base of the Sierra Madre, Chihuahua.’’ 15. Cologania houghii Rose, sp. nov. A rather coarse trailing vine; branches densely covered with rough spreading hairs; leaves on very short petioles; leaflets 3, shortly oblong or nearly orbicular, 1.5 to 2.5 em. long, rounded at apex, but often with a short mucro, becoming glabrate and shining above, appressed-pubescent beneath, densely ciliate; flowers usually in pairs, on peduncles 2 to3 cm. long; bractlets linear, attached some distance below the ealyx; calyx broadly tubular, 1.5 em. long; pubescent with rather scanty spreading hairs; lower lobe linear; lateral ones ovate, acute; upper one very broad and obtuse; pods not seen. Collected by J. N. Rose and Walter Hough along railroad between Tepeaca and Santa Rosa in the State and south of the city of Puebla, June 27, 1899 (no. 4737). Resembling somewhat C. humifusa, but with different flowers, more glabrous leaflets, ete. This species is named for my friend, Dr. Walter Hough, who accom- panied me on my second Mexican journey. 16. Cologania lemmoni Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 19: 74. 1855, Type locality: #f Arizona, on the high mesas of the Chiricahui Mountains, 188], and the Huachuca, 1882;’’ collected by Lemmon. The flowers of this species are still unknown, and only the pods produced from imperfect flowers have been collected. The following Mexican specimens have recently come to hand: Chihuahua: Between Colonia Garcia and Platts Ranch, below Pacheco, E. W. Nelson, August, 1899 (no. 6269). Durango: On road between San Julian and Cerro Prieto, September, 1898 (no. 4944). 17. Cologania humifusa Hemsl. Diag. Pl. Nov. 3: 47. 1880. Cologania humifusa is based upon three collections from widely different parts of Mexico. The first one mentioned, Parry & Palmer’s no. 194, would naturally be taken as the type. Unfortunately, however, this number seems to cover two species. The one which I would designate as the type, supposing the Kew specimen agrees with mine, is that with elongated pods and leaflets hairy on both sides. The second specimen mentioned, Coulter’s, of Real del Monte, might well be ©. obovata from the same locality. The third specimen, from the Valley of Mexico, I have left in Aumifusa, although it differs somewhat in pubescence on the pods, ete. Type locality: ‘ Mexico: in regione San Luis Potosi, alt. 6,000-8,000 ped. . . . ; Real del Monte . . . ; in convalle Mexici.”’ Specimens examined: San Luis Potosi: Near San Luis Potosi, Parry & Palmer, 1878 (no. 194 in part). Coulter; Bourgeau (no. 330). Federal District: Above Santa Fé, C. G. Pringle, September, 1889 (no. 8270); near same locality, J. N. Rose, July 11, 1901 (no. 5358). Mexico: Near San Maria, J. N. Rose, July 12 and 15, 1901 (No. 5462). 40 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 18. Cologania obovata Schlecht. Linnea 12: 287. 1838. This species was collected by C. Ehrenberg at ‘‘ Mineral del Monte,’’ perhaps bet- ter ‘‘Real del Monte.” Mr. Hemsley thinks this must be a variety of C. pulchella, but it is described as procumbent. I have seen no specimens. . This species should be compared with CL humifusa Hemsl. 19. Cologania humilis Rose, sp. nov. Delicate herbs, somewhat branching at base, nearly erect, 8 to 12 em. high, retrorsely pubescent; petioles 2 to 3.5 cm. long, usually longer than the leaflets; leaflets 3, elliptical to linear-oblong, obtuse or acute, appressed-pubescent on both sides, paler below, more or less articulated; calyx tube 6 mm. long, appressed- pubescent; corolla violet, 2. em. long; pods not seen. Collected by J. N. Rose, high up on the Sierra Madre, near Santa Gertrudis, August 7, 1897 (nos. 2042, type, and 3426). 20. Cologania nelsoni Rose, sp. nov. A climbing vine, 9 to 24 dim. long, with scattered appressed pubescence; leaflets 3, elliptical, acute, 2.5 to 5 em. long, above somewhat shining and strongly reticulated, beneath pale and reticulated, with scattered appressed hairs on both surfaces; racemes axillary, elongated, longer than the petioles, bearing 3 to 5 pairs of flowers; pedicels 8mm. long; bractlets at base of flower short, minute; calyx tube 8 to 10 mm. long, bearing scattered appressed hairs; lower lobe lanceolate, acuminate; lateral lobes broadly ovate, acute; upper lobe obtuse; corolla pale violet, 2.5 to 2.8 em. long; fruit not seen. Collected by E. W. Nelson in mountains about Yalalag, Oaxaca, altitude 1,800 meters, August 1, 1894 (no. 976). This species differs from C. racemosa in the thickness, venation, and shape of leaflets, the shape of the calyx lobes, larger flowers, ete. 21. Cologania racemosa (Robinson) Rose. C. pulchella racemosa Robinson, Proc. Am. Acad. 29; 315. 1894. A climbing vine with pubescence dense and reflexed, but not closely appressed; leaf- lets 3, broadly ovate, 2 to5 em, long, 1.5 to4em. broad, generally acute, but sometimes obtuse or even retuse, pubescent on both surfaces, not strongly reticulated above, green, paler beneath and somewhat reticulated; imperfect flowers (fertile) in pairs in the lower axils, nearly sessile; pods linear, flat, 3 em. long; perfect flowers numer- ous, borne in elongated racemes 10 to 15em. long; buds acuminate; calyx, 5 to6 mm. long; lobes narrow; corolla dark purple, 18 to 20 mm. long; fruit not seen. Type locality: The variety was based upon two collections, Dr. E. Palmer’s no. 379 © Tequila,’ and Mr. Pringle’s no. 5164 “Guadalajara.” Specimens evamined: Jalisco: Only Palmer’s and Pringle’s plants referred to in original description, of which duplicates are in the National Herbarium. This form seems specifically distinct from CL pulchella. It differs in haying its perfect flowers borne in elongated axillary racemes, in the size of the leaves, in the pubescence of the calyx, ete. 22, Cologania biloba ( Lindl.) Nicholson, Dict. Gard. 1:363. 1884-1889. Glycine biloba Lindl. Bot. Reg. 17: pl. 1478. 1831. This species was described from specimens which flowered in England in 1830. The seed is said to have been brought from Mexieo by Mr. George Ackermann in 1827. We have no named specimens of this species. Pringle’s no. 6432, from the Pedre- gal, near the City of Mexico, must be near it. Bourgeau’s no. 774, also from the Pedregal, belongs with Mr. Pringle’s plant. The latter was referred by Mr. Hems- ley to C. pulchella. PLATE V. Contr. Nat. Kerb., Vol, VIII. “aSOY VLIVIIdvo VINVDO109 ROSE—MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN PLANTS. 4] Robinson’s C. pulchella racemosa has a similar inflorescence, but different pubes- cence. 23. Cologania grandiflora Rose, sp. nov. Stems tall, climbing, retrorsely hairy; leaflets 3, ovate-oblong, large, 6 to 8 cm. long, 3 to 3.5 em. wide, rounded or truncate at base, rounded at apex, apiculate, appressed-pubescent on both sides, paler beneath; petioles and petiolules reddish- pubescent, the former elongated and 4 to 6 cm, long; flowers + to 10, in a compact raceme, shorter than the petioles; calyx 9 to 10 mm. long, pale appressed-pubescent; lower lobe of sepal longer than the others; corolla purple, 2.5 cm. long; fruit not seen. Collected by C. G. Pringle, Federal District, Valley of Mexico, August, 1896 (no. 7264). Very near to this species are two specimens of Lucius ©, Smith’s from the State of Oaxaca (nos. 97 and 98). This species resembles what I have called C. biloba in its foliage, but is very differ- ent in its pubescence. 24. Cologania capitata Rose, sp. nov. Pate V. A slender vine; leaves small; petioles about equal to the leaflets; stipules ovate- oblong, obtuse, 5 mm. long; leaflets 3, linear to linear-oblong, appressed-pubescent on both sides, paler beneath, 2 to 3.5 cm. long, rounded at apex, mucronate; flowers in a compact head surrounded by an involucre of bracts on an elongated peduncle as long as to much longer than the petioles; calyx purplish with scattered brownish hairs, the tube 8 mm. long; corolla purplish. Collected by J. N. Rose near the top of the Sierra Madre, near Santa Teresa, August 13 (no. 3459, type) and August 9 (no. 2445). EXPLANATION OF PLATE V.—Fig. a, plant; b, calyx; c, banner; 7, wing; ¢, keel; f, stamens; g, style. Figs. a-e, natural size; f and g, scale of 2. 26. Cologania hirta (Mart. & Gal.) Rose, Contr. Nat. Herb, 8: 315, 1895. Galactia hirta Mart. & Gal. Bull. Acad. Brux, 107: 190. 1845. Type locality: ‘Cerro de San Felipe,’? Oaxaca; type collected by Galeotti (no. 3204). Twining 12 dm. high. Re-collected by C. G. Pringle under oaks, Sierra de San Felipe, Oaxaca, altitude 2,400 meters, August 13, 1894 (no. 4793). DOUBTFUL, UNCERTAIN, OR EXCLUDED SPECIES. Galactia purpurea Mart. & Gal. Bull. Acad. Brux. 107: 191. 1845. Type locality: ‘‘Dans les bois de Regla, prés de Real del Monte, 4 600 pieds.’? Col- lected by Galeotti (no. 3346). This is referred to (. pulchella by Mr. Hemsley. The inflorescence is racemose. To C. pulchella Mr. Hemsley also refers Ehrenberg’s plant, likewise from Regla and Mineral del Monte. Ehrenberg’s plant from this station was referred by Schlechtendal to the South American species (. ovalifolia. Cologania broussonetii (Balb.) DC. Prod, 2: 287. 1825. Clitoria broussonetii Balbis, Cat. Taur. 26, 1813. This species was described from cultivated specimens. [ do not know it. De Candolle says the native country is unknown, but the Kew Index refers it to Mexico. Cologania pulchella H.B. K. Noy. Gen. & Sp. 6: 413. 1823. Type locality: ‘‘ Prope Pa[t]zeuaro,’’? Michoacan; type collected by Humboldt and Bonpland. though more material in herbaria has been referred to this species than to any 4? CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. other, I have not yet seen any specimens which [I am disposed to refer to it. Some Mexican collector should visit the type locality, which can now be easily reached, and obtain a supply of material. Cologania? affinis Mart. & Gal. Bull. Acad. Brux. 10%: Iss. 1845, Collected by Galeotti (no. 3283) in oak woods near ‘Mirador.’ Not. since reported. Described as climbing; retrorsely villous; leaflets ovate, obtuse, appressed-pubescent, glaucescent beneath; flowers axillary, some fasciculate; calyx pilose. See Seaton’s no, 826 and Pringle’s no. 8605. Cologania ovalifolia H. B. K. Noy. Gen. & Sp. 6: 412 (royal ed. 233). 1825. This is a South American species which was identified with a Mexican plant by Schlechtendal @ but should probably be excluded from the Mexican flora. Martia mexicana Zuce. Abhand]. Akad. Muench. 1: 339. pls. 14, 15, 1882. Type locality: “In imperii Mexicani regionibus calidioribus;’’ type collected by D. Keerl. I have not been able to make out this species. It resembles very much Watson’s C. martia, as well as specimens from the valley of Mexico which I have referred to C. intermedia, LIST OF THE SPECIES OF HARPALYCE WITH TWO NEW DESCRIPTIONS. The genus Harpalyce is very similar in foliage, habit, and pods to Brongniartia and the only reason that it is not more frequently misnamed in herbaria is that it has not often been collected. It is readily distinguished, however, by its having a remarkable two-lipped calyx, while Brongniartia has a nearly regular calyx. It can also be readily distinguished from Brongniartia without flowers by the leat- lets which are thickly set with pellucid dots. In publishing the two new species below I have taken occasion to list with them all the known, I might better say the little-known, Mexican species with the hope that Mexican collectors may furnish us with more material. Harpalyce mexicana Rose, sp. nov. A small tree; bark of old wood smooth, densely covered with small pale lenticels; young wood coyered with a dense white pubescence; rachis very pubescent; leaflets 11 to 15, oblong, 3 to 6 em. long, rounded at base, obtuse, apiculate, in age nearly smooth, beneath somewhat pubescent, thickish and reticulated; fruit oblong, 5 to 6 em. long. Collected by J. N. Rose, west of Bolafios, September 15 to 17, 1897 (no. 2944). Harpalyce pringlei Rose, sp. nov. A low shrub 3 to 18 dm. high; all parts very pubescent when young; leaves 1 to 2 dm. long; stipules minute, caducous; leaflets 7 to 11, oblong, 2 to 4 cm. long, 15 to 20 mm. broad, rounded at base, retuse, thickish, strongly veined, above nearly glabrate, beneath quite pubescent when young, becoming glabrate in age, with pellucid dots as in the genus; flowers in dense short clusters; sepals densely reddish- pubescent; petals bluish; legume glabrous, oblong, 8 em. long, 2 to 2.5 em, broad. Collected by C. G. Pringle on the sides of a barranca above Cuernavaca, Morelos, 1898 (no. 6827, type), and at the same station by J. N. Rose, May, 1899 (no, 4392). ¢ Linnea 6: 286. ROSE—MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN PLANTS. 43 Harpalyce arborescens (Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 5: 178. 1861, The type was based on Ervenberg’s no. 18 from ‘*near Tantoyuca,”’ in northern Vera Cruz. Here, also, Dr. Gray referred T. Coulter's no, 556 from Zimapan, but it is doubtless to be placed elsewhere. Leaflets 3 or 4 pairs, oblong, 3 to 5 cm. long, obtuse or hardly retuse, in age nearly ee 3 glabrous above; calyx densely reddish-pubescent. Type in herb. Gray. Harpalyce formosa DC. Prod. 2: 523. 1825. The type of the genus. A Mexican species, only known from the tracings of Mocilio & Sessé. Harpalyce hidalgensis Taub. Bull. Herb. Bois. 3: 615. 1895. The type was collected by Seler (no, 658) in the State of ‘‘ Hidalgo, prope Huejutla.”’ The type locality of this species is very near that of JZ. arborescens Gray, with which it should be very carefully compared. The plant of Coulter’s referred to FH. arborescens may belong here. The leaflets are 6 pairs. Harpalyce loeseneriana Taub, Bull. Herb. Bois. 3: 612. 1895. The type of this species came from ‘‘prope Mitla,’’ State of Oaxaca, and was collected by Seler (no. 59). Perhaps here should be placed Lucius C. Smith’s no. 45. Harpalyce retusa ( Benth.) Rose. Brongniartia retusa Benth. in Hemsl. Diag. Pl. Noy. 1: 8. 1878, Fruit + cm, long, 18 mm. broad above the middle, cuneate at base; leaves thinner and pubescence of calyx whiter than in FH. arborescens. The type locality of this species was said to be ‘‘Tula,’’ but there are three places in Mexico of this name, one in the State of Oaxaca, another in Hidalgo, and a third in Tamaulipas. It undoubtedly came from the latter State. The two numbers (nos. 759 and 2179) cited by Hemsley are in the Gray Herbarium, and the labels state that the plants were collected by Berlandier between Tula and Tampico, therefore in the State of Tamaulipas. Here Pringle collected his no. 7286 (1896), which agrees with these type sheets of B. retusa. CLIMACORACHIS, A NEW GENUS. Climacorachis Hemsl. & Rose, gen. nov. Calyx strongly 2-parted; banner orbicular; keel considerably shorter than the wings, obtuse; stamens in 2 clusters of 5 each; ovary stipitate; pod oblong, obtuse, 2 to 4 seeded, not at all jointed or constricted between the seeds, probably dehiscent. Low, wiry shrubs, with pinnate leaves, numerous small leaflets, peltate, striate stipules, and inflorescence consisting of a short zigzag, striate-bracted raceme. Flowers yellow, bibracteate at base. Inflorescence and foliage resembling Aeschynomene, but the pods very different. It should probably be placed between that genus and Herminiera. Native of the mountains of western Mexico. Type species, (. mevricana, Climacorachis mexicana, Hemisl. & Rose, sp. noy. Much branched, 2 to 4 dim. high, glabrous throughout except in the inflorescence; branches slender and wiry; leaflets 9 to 12 pairs, linear, 4 to 5 mm. long, strongly 3- nerved below, mucronately tipped; inflorescence 2 to + flowered; pubescence on rachis, bracts, bractlets, pedicel, and calyx more or less setose, consisting of long yellowish hairs, with shorter, perhaps viscid, hairs intermixed; bractlets ovate, acute, 2mm. long; 44 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. calyx 5mm, long; the upper lobe broad, rounded at apex; corolla yellow, streaked with purple; pods 5 to 10 mm. long, 2 to 4 seeded. Collected by J. N. Rose in the Sierra Madre west of Bolafios, State of Jalisco, Sep- tember 15 to 17, 1897 (no, 2972). Climacorachis fruticosa Hemsl. & Rose, sp. noy. Taller and more frutescent than the last; branches as well as rachis of leaf and inflorescence pilose and with shorter glandular hairs; leaflets usually more numerous than in the last, sometimes 20 pairs, 7 mm. long, the venation not so strong and more frequently 4-nerved; stipules (not seen) caducous or deciduous; inflorescence strongly zigzag, about 12-flowered; bracts, bractlets, and calyx glabrous; ovary pubescent; pods not seen. Similar to CL mexicana but more shrubby, with more numerous flowers, and with a different distribution of the pubescence. Collected by EK. W. Nelson on mountains near Talpa, Jaliseo, altitude 1,320 to 1,500 meters, Maréh 7, 1897 (no. 4038). ny RAMIREZELLA, A NEW GENUS. Ramirezella, gen. nov. Calyx small, campanulate, colored; calyx teeth 5, about equal, short, obtuse or rounded. Corolla large and showy, purplish and white; standard orbicular with scale-like appendages at base; wings auriculate on the upper side; keel much elon- gated, at the base erect, but at the middle bent nearly to a right angle, and at the tip curved inward. Stamens 10, diadelphous. Style bearded near the end; stigma oblique. Pods straight, oblong in outline, turgid, dehiscing; seeds orbicular, embed- ded in a white spongy mass of cells. Tall, twining woody vines, Leaves pinnate; leaflets 3. Inflorescence a dense axillary raceme, at first densely imbricated with large striate bracts; the bractlets at the base of the calyx small, ovate. A very remarkable genus belonging to the Phaseoleae, the type species having been described as a Vigna. From this genus it is abundantly distinct in its habit, inflorescence, calyx, keel, fruit, ete. In this opinion Dr. B. L. Robinson, who described it as a new Vigna, acquiesces. . This genus is named for my friend, Dr. José Ramirez, of the Instituto Medico National de Mexico, who is one of the foremost men in natural history in that Republic, and who has done much to add to the pleasure and success of my various Mexican expeditions. Four species are here described, R. strobilophora being the type. Ramirezella strobilophora (Robinson) Rose. Vigna strobilophora Robinson, Proc. Am. Aced. 27: 167, 1892. A twining, woody-stemmed vine 5 meters or more high, the young parts covered with a fine soft pubescence; leaflets ovate, acuminate, apiculate, about 8 em. long by 3 to 4 cm, broad, slightly pubescent above, much paler and densely pubescent beneath; peduncles 7 to 9 cm. long; fully developed racemes 6 to 8 em. long; pods glabrous, about 12 em. long. Collected by G. G. Pringle in a barranca near Guadalajara, September 12, 1891 (no. 5163), and also in August, 1893 (no. 4503). Type locality: ‘‘ Barranca near Guadalajara.”’ Some years ago this was figured in the Garden and Forest / and recommended as possessing cultural value. It was referred to as follows: “Vigna strobilophora, Robinson, sp. nov. is a twining vine with a woody stem about an inch thick. It climbs into the tops of shrubs and low trees, and shows «April 18, 1894, p. 153; fig. 80, p. 155. ROSE—MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN PLANTS. 45 abundant flowers which rival in beauty those of the cultivated Wistaria. The flow- ers are purple and white and are borne in dense racemes 2 or 3 inches long.”’ Ramirezella occidentalis Rose, sp. nov. Resembling R. strobilophora, but leaves very broadly ovate, nearly glabrous on both sides, 10 em. long, 7 to 8 cm. broad; inflorescence very slender, 3 to 4 dm. long, the flowers more numerous, somewhat smaller; pods 8 to 10 cm. long, glabrous. Collected by Dr. Edward Palmer near Acapulco, Mexico, October, 1894, March, 1895 (no. 179). Ramirezella pubescens Rose, sp. nov. Resembling &. strobilophora, but with thicker, broader, more pubescent leaflets, the racemes stouter, calyx somewhat larger, its tube pubescent without, the ovary densely lanate, pods pubescent, ete. Collected by E. W. Nelson on road between Tlapa and Tlaliscatilla, Guerrero, December 5, 1894 (no. 2046). Ramirezella glabrata Rose, sp. nov. A tall vine, stems glabrous or early glabrate; leaflets ovate, with slender acumina- tion, 4 to 8 em. long, very thin, nearly glabrous on both sides, hardly paler beneath; peduncles 6 to 15 em, long; racemes becoming 12 to 15 em. long; bracts glabrous except on the margins, simply acute, at least the lower ones; pods (immature) glabrous, with a long apiculation (10 to 15 mm, long). Colleeted by J. N. Rose at Bolafios, Jalisco, August 25, 1897 (no, 2853, type), and on road between Huejugilla and Mesquitec, Jalisco, August 25, 1897 (no. 2562). Closely resembling R. strohilophora, but more glabrous throughout, with thinner leaflets and blunter bracts and with long apiculations to the pods. A NEW SPECIES OF BRADBURYA WITH REVISION OF TWO NAMES. “@ Before offering for publication the following description and new combinations much recent material and all the descriptions of the Mexican species of Bradburya have been passed in review several times. Upon them a synopsis of the Mexican species has been made, but it seems best for several reasons not to present it at this time. Our knowledge of the species is still meager, their number being mani- festly greatly in excess of what has been supposed. Our commonest, or those supposed to be commonest, have not been well defined or restricted, For instance, B. virginiana, based upon plants from Virginia, has been reported from New Jersey southward throughout tropical America to Bolivia. B. pubescens, based on material from a high mountain valley of central Mexico, has been assigned to many parts of tropical Mexico and South America. Bradburya unifoliata Rose, sp. nov. A delicate vine, 3 to 9 dm. long, glabrous or nearly so; leaflets single, linear to oblong or eyen orbicular, 2 to 9 em. long, 3 to 12 mm. broad, obtuse, with or with- out a short apiculation, rounded at base, strongly reticulated on both sides; stipules ovate, striate; stipels linear; petioles 8 to 12 mm. long, usually 2-flowered; bracts «Bradburya Raf. Fl. Ludov. 104. 1817. Centrosena Benth. Ann. Wien. Mus. 2: 117. 1838, 46 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. broadly ovate, striate, acute, 5 mm. long; pedicels about 5 mm. long: ‘alyx tube broad, 2 mm. high; dorsal lobe 2-parted nearly to the base, linear, 4 mm. long; the three ventral lobes narrow and longer than the dorsal ones; banner broad, 12 mm. long, ‘dull lilac,” slightly pubescent without; pods linear, 5 to 6 em. long including the long apiculation (1 em. long), glabrous. Speciiens examined: Chiapas: Between San Richardo and Ocozucuantla, altitude 780 to 990 meters, KE, W. Nelson, August 18, 1895 (no, 2977), and table-land about Ocuslapa, _ altitude 1,020 to 1,140 meters, E. W. Nelson, August 21, 1895 (no, 2996), This species is very unlike any of the Mexican species heretofore described, Bradburya sagittata (Humb. & Bonpl.) Rose. Glycine sagittata Humb, & Bonpl. in Willd. Enum. Hort. Berol. 757. 1809, Rudolphia dubia H. Be IK. Nov, Gen. & Sp, 6: 432, pl. G91, 1823. Centrosena hastatun Benth. Ann. Wien. Mus. 2: 120, 1838. Centrosema dubium Hemsl. Biol. Centr. Am. 1: 294, 1880, Mexican specimens examined: Colima: Near Manzanillo, Dr. Edward Palmer, March, 1891 (no. 1365). Guerrero: Near Acapulco, Dr. Edward Palmer, 1894-95 (no. 620). Bradburya schiedeana (Schlecht. ) Rose, Clitoria schiedeant Schlecht. Linnea 12: 284. 1838, Type locality: ‘In dumetis pr. Jalapam’’ and ‘ Hacienda de Laguna.”’ This species has heretofore been known only from the material collected by Schiede more than seventy-five years ago. In 1830 it was referred to Clitoria without specific name, but in 1838 it was named and described as C. schiedeana, Up to this time, however, Centrosema (now Bradburya) had been passing as a section of Clitoria. In August, 1901, the writer visited Jalapa, Mexico, the type locality of this species, where he found it growing in great abundance in the thickets and hedges in all directions fromthe town, It is a vigorous-growing vine, suggestive in its habit, foliage, and large flowers of Canavalia, one species of which is often associated with it. Specimens examined: Vera Cruz: Near Jalapa, J. N. Rose, August 13, 1901 (no. 6118). NEW SPECIES OF SEVERAL GENERA. Cracca submoniéana Rose, sp. nov, Probably tall plant; branches densely reddish-pubescent; leaflets 6 to 8 pairs, oblong to lanceolate, 2 to 6 em. long, acute, glabrous and somewhat shining above, densely reddish or silvery pubescent beneath; racemes axillary or terminal, elon- gated, 2 to 3dm. long, many-flowered; calyx densely reddish-pubescent, the lower lobe linear, the lateral lobes shorter, ovate: banner very broad, 2.5 em. long; young pods pubescent. Collected by J. N. Rose between Pedro Paulo and San Blascito, Tepic, August 4, 1897 (no. 3336). Crotalaria tenuissima Rose, sp. nov. Perennials, much branched, 3 to 4dm. high, somewhat pubescent; leaflets 3, very narrow, elongated, 3 to 10 em. long, 3 to 5 mm. broad, pubescent beneath; stipules minute; racemes elongated, 2 em. long, naked below; pedicels 6 mm. long; bractlets small, short; bractlets minute; calyx 8 mm. long, the lobes narrow and acute: ban- ner 10 mm, long, broad; wings 5 mm. long, narrow; keel considerably exceeding the wings, strongly beaked; pods (immature) pubescent. Collected by J. N. Rose between Pedro Paulo and San Blascito, Tepic, August 4, 1897 (no, 1981). Very similar to C jilifolia in form of leaflets, but certainly a perennial, with larger and more numerous flowers, ete. Contr. Nat. Herb , Vol, VIII. PLATE VI. CROTALARIA VIMINALIS ROSE. Contr. Nat. Herb., Vol. VIII. PLATE VII. INDIGOFERA PLATYCARPA ROSE. PLATE VIII. Contr, Nat. Herb., Vol. VIII. c KAN Ko ‘ {a sy WS \ ARYA SY LN ANY WA Way Wh Soo WN Lick Ke s ah Yo ¥ KX (IK RSS ARS A Vine \ WN Vpn x . , Sean \\ ,\ \ \ sh Nw AN \, aw \ SS Sa 8 Se ee LUPINUS SUBMONTANUS ROSE. ROSE—MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN PLANTS. 47 Crotalaria viminalis Rose, sp. nov. Puare VI. A tall shrub, 1.8 to 5 meters high with long pendant branches giving the habit of a weeping willow, covered with white soft somewhat spreading pubescence; leaflets 3, oblong, rounded or somewhat narrowed at base, obtuse, glabrous or nearly so above, soft silky pubescent beneath, 2 to + cm. long; stipules minute; racemes elongated and hanging, 3 to 10 dm. long, naked toward the base, many-flowered; bracts subtending flowers linear; pedicels 5 to 6 mm. long; calyx 1 em. long, the tube short, the lobes acuminate, silky; banner broad, about 15mm. long; keel about 2 mm. long, bent at the middle nearly at right angles, ciliate on the upper and lower margins; wings much shorter; stamens glabrous; stvle slender, hairy below, glabrous near the middle, hairy on one side above; pods 3 em, long, silky. A common plant on the exposed lava beds near Cuernavaca, altitude 1,660 meters. The long pendent branches waving made it a most striking plant. Collected by Mr. C. G. Pringle at Cuernavaca, September, 1896 (no. 6557), and. same locality by J. N. Rose, May, 1899 (no, 4541, type). The writer first took this species for the (. eriocarpa Bentham, but he has since collected, perhaps at the very type locality, the latter species. (C. eriocarpa comes from a totally different floral zone, has short racemes and a yellowish pubescence, ete. EXPLANATION OF PLATE VI.—Fig. a, branch; }, calyx; e, banner; d, keel; e, wing. Fig. a, scale of 3, b, ec, dande, natural size. Indigofera platycarpa Rose, sp. nov. Puiatre VII. A shrub 3 to 5 m. high, much-branched; branches whitish-pubescent or in the younger parts reddish; leaflets mostly 17 to 21, opposite, petiolulate, oblong to obovate, rounded at base, rounded or retuse at apex and with a very decided apiculation, appressed-pubescent on both sides, + to 8 mm. long; racemes axillary, much shorter than the leaves, few-flowered; calyx very small (1 mm. high) cup-shaped; corolla 7mm. long, rustv-pubescent; pod broad for the genus, flat, 2 to 3 cm. long, shghtly pubescent; seeds few. Collected by C. G. Pringle on mountains above Iguala, Guerrero, October 6, 1900 (no. 8399), This species is characterized by its very broad pods. EXPLANATION OF PLaTEe VIL.—Fig. a, branch, b, calyx, ¢, banner, d, keel; ¢, stamens; f, style. Fig. a, natural size: b, scale of 4. ¢, d, e, and Jf, scale of 2. Lupinus submontanus Rose, sp. nov. Puare VIII. Rather low plants, 3 to 6 dm. high, somewhat branching, glabvate below; leaflets 4+ to 8, mostly 7 or 8, narrowly oblanceolate, 3 to 4 em, long, obtuse, glabrous, slightly hairy beneath, longer than the slender petiole; stipules small, united for half their length to the petiole, free tips setaceous; bracts linear, 5 to 6 mm. long; flowers small, in a short (1 dm. long in type specimen) raceme, spike-like, pedicels 1mm. long canescently pubescent as are also rachis and calyx; calyx 2-lipped; lower lip 5 mm. long, twice as long as upper, obtuse, perhaps sometimes 3-toothed; upper lip strongly 2-toothed: keel ciliate; fruit not seen. Collected by C. G. Pringle on Mount Orizaba, August 26, 1901 (no. 8544), and by J. N. Rose and Robert Hay, same date and place (no. 45675, type). This species is quite unlike any other known Mexican species. In the toothing of the lower lip it answers to the little known L. mewicanus, but in other respects differs. Of the three or four species which have been reported from Mount Orizaba it seems quite distinct. It might be suspected to be L. glabratus Mart. & Gal. from near the same station, but it certainly does not answer the description of that species. EXPLANATION OF PLATE VIII.—Figs. a and ¢, flowering and fruiting branches; b, uppercalyx lobe: c, lower calyx lobe. Figs a and d, natural size, bande scale of 3. 48 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. Nissolia montana Rose, sp. nov.¢ Stems climbing, puberulent; leaflets 5, orbicular to oblong, rounded at both ends, with slender apiculation, 2 to 4 em. long, glabrous except in very young leaves; flow- ers numerous in the axils of the leaves, yellow or greenish; calyx glabrous, 3 to 4 mm. long, rather broad, glabrous without, green; tube truncate between the linear sepals (shorter than the tube); corolla pubescent without, 10 mm. long; immature pods acutish, pubescent. Collected by C. G. Pringle on mountains near Iguala, Guerrero, October 24, 1900, (no, 9259). This species is perhaps nearest .V. mu/tiflora Rose, but has different pubescence, larger and differently shaped leaflets, calyx, fruit, ete. Phaseolus (Drepanosporon) oaxacanus Rose, sp. noy. Puiare IX. A slender vine, glabrous or nearly so; stipules ovate, obtusish, striate; petioles slender; leaflets triangular, acute and apiculate, nearly truncate at base, thin, dark green above; petioles hairy; stipels acute; flowering peduncles 1.2 to 1.9 din. long, much longer than the leaves; bracts ovate, acuminate and acute, cither with a lat- eral tooth on either side or 3-lobed; flowering pedicels slender, 4 to 6 mm, long; bracts at base of calyx minute; calyx tube 2 mm. high, rather broad, glabrous or nearly so without; 3 lower lobes nearly equal, obtuse, small; upper lobe truncate; corolla purple (2), 6mm. long. Collected by Mr. C. G. Pringle on the Sierra de San Filipe, altitude 2,500 meters, August 24, 1894 (no. O814a). EXPLANATION OF PLATE IN.—Fig. a, plant; b, calyx; ¢, banner; 7, wing, e, keel: f, stamens; y, style, Fig. a, natural size; the others, scale of 2. Phaseolus (Macroptilium) pedatus Rose sp. noy. PLATE X. Stems 2 to4 dm. long (2), from small oblong tubers (2 em, long), slender and creep- ing, with spreading pubescence; leaflets 8, the lateral ones deeply parted, giving the leaf the appearance of having 5 linear leaflets, glabrous or with short appressed hairs above, the margins involute, midnerve prominent beneath and hairy; raceme includ- ing the pedunele filiform and elongated, 1 dm. or less long, few-flowered; flowers in pairs, subsessile; bractlets at base of calyx minute; sepals 5, nearly equal, ovate, acuminate, shorter than the calyx tube (1.5 mm. long), ciliate; corolla purplish; wings erect, much longer than the keel and banner, 8 to 9 mm. long, t apering at base into an elongated filiform claw; banner nearly obicular, 5 mm. in diameter; keel forming a single coil; free stamen thickened above the base; style flattened, hairy below the stigma; stigma capitate; disk at base of pistil toothed; ovary 1 or 2 ovuled; immature pods short, densely sericeous, 1 to 2 seeded. Collected by C. G. Pringle, on damp sandy soil, Iguala, Guerrero, altitude 720 meters; October 25, 1900 (no, 8567). This species, while clearly belonging to the section Macroptilium, is very unlike any species which I am familiar with.» EXPLANATION OF PLATE X.—Fig. a, plant; b, calyx; ¢, banner, d, wing; e, keel, fand y, stamens, hh, ovary, 7, seed. Fig. a, natural size; b, scale of 4; ¢ and d, scale of 2, e-i, scale of 4. Rhynchosia australis Rose, sp. nov. Stems climbing; leaflets 3, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate and acute, sometimes 7 to 10 em. long, thinnish in texture; racemes much longer than the leaves, 15 to 20 cm. long; corolla yellowish; calyx 14 to 15mm, long; sepals slender, nearly equal; fruit not seen. Collected by Mr. C. G. Pringle in a mountain canyon near Cuernavaca, Morelos, February 15, 1899 (No. 7865). A species near R. macrocarpa Benth., but with thinner, less pubescent, and more acuminate leaflets, larger caly a ete. uF or a synoptic al treatment ot the Mexican species of Nissolia, see Rose, Contr. Nat. Herb. vol. 5, p. 157. Contr. Nat. Herb., Vol. VIII. PLATE IX. PHASEOLUS OAXACANUS ROSE. Contr. Nat. Herb., Vol, VIII. PLATE X. PHASEOLUS PEDATUS ROSE. PLATE XI. Contr. Nat. Herb., Vol. VIII. COLUBRINA MEGACARPA ROSE. Contr, Nat. Herb., Vol. VIII. PLATE XIl. SAURAUJA PRINGLE! ROSE. ROSE—-MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN PLANTS. 4Y MALPIGHIACEAE. NEW SPECIES OF THREE GENERA. Aspicarpa lanata Rose, sp. nov. FIGureE 11, Stems nearly simple, erect or somewhat spreading, 1 to 7 dm. high; young branches densely pubescent; leaves in verticels of three or opposite, broadly to nar- rowly oblong, apiculate, appressed-pubescent above, densely white-lanate beneath, short-petioled, 3 to 6 cm. long; calyx bearing eight glands; petals yellow, 6 mm. long; stamens 5, 3 fertile; style solitary; ovaries 3, 1 to 3 maturing into 3-angled pyramidal nutlets, 6 mm. long, the inner face angled above. Specimens examined: Jalisco: Near Guadalajara, Palmer, 1886 (no. 153), and Pringle, 1893 (no, 4222, type). Durango: Near Huasemote, J. N. Rose, August 18, 1897 (no. 2214), and August 15 (nos, 3493 and 3501), Mr. Watson referred Palmer’s plant to Gaudichau- Fig. 11.—Fruit of Aspicarpa lanata, dia mollis Benth, and states that in respect to flowers and foliage it is identical with Hartweg’s specimens. The fruit, however, is not that of Gaudichaudia, but rather that of Aspicarpa, with which it well agrees, Bentham’s type (Hartweg’s No. 14), a specimen of which is now in the Gray Herbarium, came from Zacatecas. This I have examined, and I am convinced that it is a totally different species. Gaudichaudia subverticillata Rose, sp. nov. Stems simple or somewhat branched, 5 to 8 dm. high, erect or nearly so, densely covered with a coarse appressed or spreading pubescence; leaves opposite or in ver- ticels of 3, oblong, 5 to 10 em. long, 1 to 3 em. wide, apiculate, subsessile, rough- pubescent on both sides; inflorescence terminal, either strict or forming an open panicle; flowers usually in dense verticillate clusters; pedicels slender; calyx bearing 7 to 9 glands, 5-lobed; sepals 3 mm, long, oblong, obtuse, petals 5, 6 to 7mm. long, yellow, with lacerate margin; stamens 5, all perfect; styles 3; samarce 3, each sur- rounded by a thin marginal wing, 10 to 12 mm. in diameter, hardly if at all winged on the back, more or less pubescent. Collected by J. N. Rose on the road between Huejuquilla and Mesquitec, Jalisco, August 25, 1897 (no. 2558, type), in the same State near San Juan Capistrano, August 23 (no, 2501) and near Huasemote, August 15 (no. 3492). This species differs from all the other Gaudichaudia species in having three styles. The stamens are also all perfect. The fruit, however, is so cl ‘arly of this genus that I do not hesitate to refer 1t as above. Hiraea parviflora Rose, sp. nov. Shrub, 15 to 24dm. high; young branches densely tomentose, the older brownish, becoming glabrate; leaves small, less than 2.5 em. long, oblong, acute, rounded at base, densely tomentose on both sides, shortly petiolate; umbels 2-flowered, short- peduneled; pedicels slender, 12 mm. long, bibracteate some distance below the middle; calyx yillose, 8-glandular; petals glabrous, orbicular, small, 4 mm. long, tapering at base into a slender claw, violet; stamens 10, glabrous, free nearly to the base; samaree 3, villose, 14 mm. in diameter, the lateral wings giving a circular outline; dorsal wing very small. Collected by Mr. C. G. Pringle on dry hills near Tehuacan, altitude 1,650 meters, November 27, 1895 (no, 6274), 18104—03 t 50 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. MELIACEAE, A NEW TRICHILIA. Trichilia pringlei Rose, sp. nov. A shrub, 4 to 9 meters high; branches gray, at first a little pubescent; leaves 2 to 3 dm. long; leaflets about 7 pairs, at first densely whitish-pubescent on both sides, in age much less pubescent, lanceolate, 2 to 7 em. long, acuminate, but with obtuse apex, strongly oblique at base, entire; flowers in numerous panicles, clustered at the top, much shorter than the leaves; calyx 5-lobed; sepals obtuse, the margins ciliate, otherwise glabrous; petals 5, oblong, 8 to 10 mm. long, obtuse, glabrous; stamens 9, united nearly to the middle, nearly glabrous; style glabrous, ovary densely pubes- cent, 3 or 4 celled; cells 2-ovuled, one ovule above the other; capsule globular, 15 mm. in diameter, densely reddish-pubescent. Collected near Cuernavaca, Morelos, on lava beds by C. G. Pringle, July 24, 1896 (no. 6394, type), and on the side of a barranca by J. N. Rose, May, 1899 (no. 4433). This species does not belong to any of DeCandolle’s sections, for it has the ovules of the mollis section and the petals of the rubra section, RHAMNACEAE. A NEW COLUBRINA. Colubrina megacarpa Rose, sp. nov. Puate NI, Low shrubs, 10 to 15 dm. high; young branches rusty-pubescent, becoming gla- brate; leaves attenuate, on the sterile branches much larger, orbicular to oblong, 4 to 7 em. long, 2 to 6em. broad, rounded at base and apex, crenately toothed, somewhat pubescent above, densely lanate-pubescent beneath, 3 to 5 nerved at base; petioles very short (3 to 10 mm. long); flowers not seen, but evidently borne in small clus- ters on short peduncles; pedicels 5 mm, long; fruit pendent, very large for the genus, 1 cm. in diameter, at first fleshy, but becoming dry, dehiscing as in the genus; seeds brown, flattened, 6 mm. long. Collected by CG, Pringle near Tehuacan, Puebla (no. 6761), and at the same locality by J. N. Rose, August 1 and 2, 1901 (no. 5852, type). EXPLANATION OF PLATE XI.—Figs. a and b, leafy and fruiting branches, natural size, NEW SPECIES OF RHAMNUS. The following new species of Rhamnus are presented only after the most careful study of the descriptions and specimens of the Mexican species of this genus. The National Herbarium contains nearly all the reported species, but the number of specimens of each Is limited to one or two sheets and therefore either flowers or fruit are often lacking. For this reason, in part, it is not practicable to publish a revision at this time. Another reason is that the generic position of several of the old species is in doubt, and therefore the types themselves should be restudied or fresh material should be collected frem the type locality. Rhamunus nelsoni Rose, sp. noy. Shrub 12 to 24 em. high; branches a reddish brown; leaves narrowly oblong, 5 to 7 em. long, finely serrate, glabrous above, somewhat tomentose beneath; flowers not ROSE—MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN PLANTS. 51 seen; fruits 2 or 3 in the axils on short peduncles, 4 to 6 mm. long, obovate in out- line, 3-celled. Collected by FE. W. Nelson, between San Cristobal and Teopisca, Chiapas, Decem- ber 4, 1895 (no. 3450). Rhamunus obliqua Rose, sp. nov. A small tree; branches long and slender with black bark; voung branches, petioles, pedicels, stipules, and buds densely pubescent, usually with brownish spreading hairs; leaves lanceolate, 4 to 6 em, long, shortly acuminate, rounded or somewhat narrowed at base, often oblique, dark green above, paler beneath, glabrous on both sides except along the midvein, the margin bluntly toothed; flowers in axils, probably few together; fruits (immature) one or two, rarely three, glabrous, globular; pedicels 3 to 5 mm. long. On the Sacred Hill at Amacamaca, State of Mexico, collected by J. N. Rose, July 16, 1901 (no. 5498). Somewhat resembling R. serrata, but with darker green leaves, different pubes- cence, stipules, serrations, ete. Rhamnus revoluta Rose, sp. nov. Young branches somewhat tomentose; leaves oblong, 5 to 7 cm. long, 2 to 3 em. broad, obtuse at apex, generally rounded at base, finely serrate, the margin some- what revolute, nearly glabrous above, at first almost tomentose, but in age the pubescence more scattered; umbels subsessile or distinctly peduncled, 6 to 8 flowered; pedicels + to 6 mm. long; calyx 38 mm. long, only slightly pubescent; petals small, broad, strongly retuse at apex; fruit not seen. Collected by Mr. C. G. Pringle in the Sierra Madre near Monterey, Mexico, May 29, 1889 (no, 2539). Rhamnus pringlei Rose, sp. nov. A shrub? to 18 dm. high; young branches, foliage, peduncles (pedicels), ete., tomentose; leaves broadly oblong, 2 cm. long, obtuse or even retuse at apex, thin, rounded at base, serrate, on very short petioles; umbel sessile, few-flowered; pedi- cels 6 mm. long; calyx small, villous; petals broad, strongly emarginate. Collected by C. G. Pringle near Oaxaca, Mexico, 1894 (no, 4662). This species is nearest R. palmeri, but has much smaller, thinner, and less tomen- tose leaves, different petals, ete. Rhamuus discolor (Donnell-Smith) Rose. Rhamnus capreaefolia discolor Donnell-Smith, Bot. Gaz. 20: 200. 1893. This is a good species differing from FR. capreaefolia in its pubescence, larger and paler leaves, usually peduncled umbels, ete. Type locality ‘‘Coban,’’ Guatemala. VITACEAE. A NEW AMPELOPSIS. Ampelopsis mexicana Rose, sp. nov. A high-climbing vine; branches long and slender, more or less brownish, glabrous and somewhat glaucous; tendrils branched; leaves 2 or 8 ternate; leaflets ovate, 3 to 5 em. long, rounded or somewhat cuneate at base, shortly acuminate, serrate, some- what pubescent; peduncles slender; secondary branches spreading, often nearly at right angles; calyx very small; petals 5 (?), spreading, less than 2 mm. long; style slender, short; fruit white, more or less inflated, becoming dry in age, 2 or 3 seeded; seed broader than long. Collected by J. N. Rose near Acaponeta, Tepic, June 23, 1897 (no. 1455, type), and near Rosario, Sinaloa, July 8 (no. 1579). 5 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. This species comes nearer the United States species, A. bipinnatus, than any other T have seen, but has very different foliage. This seems to be the only representa- tive of this genus in Mexico, THEACEAE. NEW SPECIES OF SAURAUJA. Saurauja paucifiora Rose, sp. nov. A low shrub; branches, leaves, peduncles, calyx, ete., covered with coarse, stiff, reddish hairs; leaves short-petioled, rounded at base, acuminate, sharply serrate, hairy above and on the midrib and veins below, also somewhat stellate beneath, 1 to 16 cm. long, 2 to 5 em. broad; peduncles elongated, few-flowered; sepals orbicular, the inner ones less setose; corolla white. Collected by E. W. Nelson near San Cristobal, Chiapas, altitude 2,100 to 2,640 meters, September 18, 1895 (no, 3206). Saurauja nelsoni Rose, sp. nov. Shrub; branches covered with coarse reddish hairs; leaves oblong, rounded at base and at apex, scabrous above, soft velvety-stellate bene: ath, 1 to 2 dm. long, 7 to 8 em. broad, margin wavy, minutely toothed; inflorescence elongated, nearly as long as the leaves; sepals orbicular, 6 mm, in diameter, covered with short paleaceous hairs; petals orbicular, ‘‘pink,’’ 10 mm. in diameter, Collected by FE. W. Nelson, near Totontepec, Oaxaca, altitude 1,122 to 1,670 meters, July 15 to 28, 1894 (no. 800). Saurauja pringlei Rose, sp. nov. PiatE XII. A small tree or shrub 18 to 80 dm. high; branches covered with appressed scaly hairs; leaves oblanceolate, wedge-shaped at base, abruptly acuminate, sharply ser- rate, roughly pubescent above, densely white-stellate beneath, 7 to 25 em. long, 2 to 7 em. broad; inflorescence much shorter than the leaves, open; sepals at first some- what stellate, but becoming glabrate except the ciliate margin, two of them much constricted near the base, all rounded at the apex; petals white. Specimens examined: Oaxaca: Sierra San Felipe, altitude 2,550 meters, C. G. Pringle June, 1894 (no. 4668, type); west slope of Zempoaltepec, altitude 2,210 to 2,400 meters, E. W. Nelson, July 5 to 13, 1894 (no. 606). EXPLANATION OF PLATE XII.—Fig. a, branch; b, calyx; ¢, petal and stamens, Fig. a, seale of 3; band ¢, seale of 2. Saurauja reticulata Rose, sp. nov. A shrub or small tree; branches scurfy-pubescent, somewhat pilose at the nodes; leaves short-petioled, oblong or oblanceolate, rounded at the apex, when mature nearly glabrous except for patches of wool in the axils of veins, 1 to 2.5 dm. long, 5 to 10 cm. broad, finely serrate, the teeth tipped with a deciduous bristle, strongly reticulate beneath; peduncles elongated; sepals orbicular, covered with small palea- ceous hairs, ciliate on the margin; petals white. Collected by C. G. Pringle near Cuernavaca, February 15, 1899 (no. 7862). This species is nearest S. serrata, but has different leaves, is pubescent on the sepals, grows at a much higher altitude, ete. ROSE—MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN PLANTS. 53 CORNACEAE. . THE MEXICAN SPECIES OF CORNUS. Hemsley cites five species of Cornus from Mexico. Of these the two United States species, dorida and stricta, are probably to be excluded. C. ercelsa and C. tolucens/s are very similar to each other and difficult to distinguish. Cornus disciflora embraces two species, one with leaves very pale beneath and with appressed hairs, answering to (. grandis, and a second with woolly pubescence, which may or may not be C. désc{fora, [have also distinguished below a beautiful species of the C. florida type. A species from north Mexico collected by E. W. Nelson I have also described as new. The following key is simply suggestive: KEY TO SPECIES. Flowers in dense head-like clusters. Bracts of involucre very large, petal-like .....-..+---+++++-++-+---- 1. CL urbiniana. Braets of involucre small. Pubescence on under surface of leaves woolly... .2202----200225--: 2. C. disciflora. Pubescence on under surface of leaves not woolly ....-.----+-+-+---+-- 3. C. grandis. Flowers in more or less open cymes. Leaf margins undulate; lateral veins 5 or 6 pairs....----+-+-+-++-++---- 4. CL nelsoni. Leaf margins entire; lateral veins 2 or 4 pairs. Pubescence on under surface of leaves soft and somewhat spreading and woolly, 5. C. excelsa. Pubescence on under surface of leaves harsh and closely appressed. Leaves narrowly lanceolite......220----2--222--22 222 eee eee 6. C. tolucensis. Leaves broadly lanceolate ......22+-00++--- eee eee eee eee ee 7. C. lanceolata. 1, Cornus urbiniana Rose, sp. nov. Branches glabrous; leaves lanceolate, narrowed at base, acuminate, densely strigose on both sides, sometimes almost lanate beneath; involucral bracts pinkish, 5 cm. long, 2 cm. or more broad, tapering at base. Collected by Dr. Manuel Urbina on Cerro de San Cristobal near Orizaba, April, 1891. Type specimen in National Herbarium, duplicate in herbarium Museo Nacional, City of Mexico. This species is of the forida type, but has much larger and comparatively narrow bracts, ete. Here probably belongs the Cornus florida referred to by Mr. Hemsley in the Biologia. This beautiful species is named for my good friend Dr. Urbina, acting director of the National Museum of Mexico, by whom it was collected, and to whom Iam under many obligations. 2. Cornus disciflora DC. Prod. 4: 273. 1830. I have not been able to distinguish by the descriptions C. disciflora from C. grandis, Both were described in 1830, and so far I have not been able to make out which name should be given the preference. While it is very likely that the two descrip- tions refer to the same species, as Mr. Hemsley believed, yet I find two species in our so-called C. disciflora, the name usually adopted for this group. C. grandis has been fully characterized, and this name can be satisfactorily given to one of these species, and will be retained for it in case C. disciflora is not an older name or in case it belongs to a different species. (. disciflora is not so easily made out, as it is based 54 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. on a tracing of Mogino and Sessé’s and a specimen of Berlandier’s, for neither of which we have a definite locality given. From what we know of Berlandier’s field of exploration it seems probable he would have collected what is here called ( grandis, The species, however, is to be based upon the tracing, but in what part of Mexico the material was found from which it was made no one can tell. On account, therefore, of the uncertainty as to what the true C. disciflora is, it seems best to retain the name for the species which remains after the segregation of C. grandis. This species differs from C. grandis in the peculiar woolly pubescence on the under surface of the leaves. Common in deep canyons along streams on the top of the Sierra Madre. Collected by J. N. Rose, near Santa Teresa, August 10, 1897 (no. 2176), and in the State of Durango, August 18 (no. 2371); at San Nicholas, Valley of Mexico, 1865-66 (no. 998). This species was also collected by Seemann, in the Sierra Madre, the exact locality not given, but probably near the first of the stations mentioned above. 3. Cornus grandis Cham. & Schlecht. Linnea 5: 171, 1830, Type locality: ‘In sylvis prope Jalapam.”’ No material has been seen from the type region of this species. The writer has collected at Cuernavaca specimens which seem to belong here, although they come from a somewhat higher elevation, If this material is properly referred the species has a pretty wide distribution extending from the State of Michoacan to Oaxaca, and is generally found in collections labeled (. diseiflora. 4. Cornus nelsoni Rose, sp. nov. Shrub, 12 to 24 dm. high; branches dark red, nearly smooth; leaves opposite, lanceolate, acute, rounded or sometimes slightly tapering or often oblique at base, 6 to 10 em, long, 2 to 3 em. broad, dark green and slightly pubescent above, whitish and with appressed malpighiaceous hairs (as well as simple hairs in the axils of the veins) beneath; inflorescence an open cyme; flowers not seen; fruit white, very fleshy; stone slightly longer than broad (6 by 5 mm.), flattened, furrowed on the margin and with 3 fainter lines on each side. Collected by FE. W. Nelson on road between San Julian and Guadalupa y Calva, altitude 2,100 to 2,400 meters, September 7, 1898 (no. 4927). Very unlike all the species of Cornus heretofore reported from Mexico, Cornus excelsa H. B. K. Noy. Gen. & Sp. 3: 430. 1818 Type locality: ‘‘ Inter Chalco et Urbem Mexici.”’ I have not examined the type of this species, but have collected in the Valley of Mexico near Humboldt’s station material which answers his description. This species is closely related to C. tolucensis; my material shows difference in pubescence and has broader and more oyate leaves and more spreading inflorescence. Specimens evamined: Federal District: On the Pedregal in the Valley of Mexico, Bourgeau, 1865-66 (no. 55); also in the same region, C. G. Pringle, June, 1896 (no. 6305); in hedge near Tlalpam, J. N, Rose, July 18, 1901 (no. 5541). 6. Cornus tolucensis H. B. K. Noy. Gen. & Sp. 3: 430. 1818. Type locality: ‘‘Juxta urbem Toluca.’’ I have not examined the type of Cornus tolucensis nor have I seen material from the type locality, but [ have collected material both to the north and south of Hum- boldt’s station, which is near the city of Toluca at an altitude of 2,800 meters. My specimens have narrow leaves, 6 to 25 mm. broad, gradually tapering into an acumi- nation and with appressed pubescence; inflorescence very compact, in flower almost head-like. Coliected by J. N- Rose near Santa Fe, Federal District, in Valley of Mexico, July 11, 1901 (no, 5370), and near Tlapujahua, Michoacan, July 12, 1901 (no, 5402. ) ROSE—MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN PLANTS, 55 7. Cornus lanceolata Rose, sp. nov. A small tree, 4 to 6 meters high; branches slender, brownish; leaves broadly lanceolate, 5 to 10 em. long, 2.5 to 6 em. broad, abruptly long-acuminate, rounded or somewhat tapering at base, pubescent on both surfaces with rather scanty appressed malpighiaceous hairs, with usually 4 pairs of rather prominent lateral veins; inflo- rescence a densely flowered terminal cyme, becoming in fruit 5 to 6 em, broad, more or less pubescent with blackish hairs; buds usually densely cinereous, the lower part or calyx more decidedly so; calyx teeth minute, ovate, acute; petals 5 mm. long; anthers nearly as long as the petals; anthers bluish; styles slender, thickened at apex, slightly pubescent. Specimens examimed: Vera Cruz: near Jalapa, J. N. Rose and Walter Hough, May 17,1899 (no. 4240); same locality and date, C. G. Pringle (no. 8199); Orizaba City, Botteri (no. 262). Morelos: near Cuernavaca, Rose and Hough, May 27-30 (no. 4422). Type, Rose and Hough’s no, 8199. This species has heretofore been passing as C. tolucensis, but seems to be distin- guished by its much broader and larger leaves, larger cymes, and darker branches. [t grows at lower altitudes and in a more humid zone. Other characters are to be looked for in the fruit, but as yet neither species has been collected with mature fruit. Schlechtendal first studied this species and doubtfully referred it to C. tolucensis. A NEW GARRYA. Garrya longifolia Rose, sp. nov. A small tree; branches pubescent; leaves oblong-elliptical, obtuse, sometimes apiculate, 8 to 15 em. long, 1.5 to 3.5 em, wide, when mature nearly glabrous and reticulated above, lanate beneath; fruit orbicular, pubescent, the lower ones short- pedicelled, the upper ones subsessile, bracts linear, elongated. Collected on the Sierra de Topoxtlan, altitude 2,250 meters, by C. G. Pringle, March 15, 1899 (no, 6988). Although the Mexican species of this genus are difficult to characterize, this one is very different in its appearance from all the others. CUCURBITACEAE. A NEW SCHIZOCARPUM. Schizocarpum reflexum Rose, sp. nov. Stems angled, climbing, with pubescence of two kinds, namely, of scattered coarse, jointed hairs and of short, dense, glandular hairs; tendrils 2-branched, one branch much longer than the other; petioles a little shorter than the blades, with pubescence like that of stem; leaves ovate, 5-lobed, the terminal lobe more elongated, ovate, acute, and apiculate, the others short and rounded, with minute teeth, somewhat glaucous and glabrous above, except near the margin, and except on the slightly roughened midrib, densely appressed-pubescent beneath; sinus broad and rounded, the lateral lobes almost meeting; flowers solitary in the axils; peduncles 5 to 8 em. long; peduncles (as also sepals and petals in bud) with pubescence like stems; sepals ovate, linear, very early reflexed in the bud; corolla yellow, 5 to 6 cm. long; lobes ovate, acute, erect. Collected by C. G. Pringle on mountains near Iguala, September 27, 1900 (no, 9252), INDEX. {Synonyms in /tetlics.] i Page. Acacia ambigua........000...0.02..0eee eee 5,31 amentacea ............-.. seen e eee eee 31 compacta..... fete e ee eee eee eee eee 31 macilenta .............2..2.20220.00005- 31 i malacophylla .............. eee eee cece 32 Mimosa, and Pithecolobium, new SpecicS oo... eee eee ee eee 31 occidentalis ....................022 2 eee 32 sonorensis ................-- see eeee eee 31 unijuga ...... see eeeee bee eee eee eee 9,32 | Agave ...... cee eee eee eee cece eens 15 ‘ QUIDOV EL. cc ccc cence eee 19, 23 brachystachys ...-...2.2+---+- ee eeeeee 20, 21, 23 DIUN NOD. cece eee eee wee e cece cece eens 19 CONUUPU CARD 2.0.2 eee cece eee eee eee 23 guttata 2.0.2... 2. eee ee 19, 21, 22 maculata ................ 222 ee eee eee 17, 18, 23 MOACUAIA. 00... eee eee ee ee eee 18 brevituba.........222..-2225- beens 17 # Oe 23 MOUCULOSO . ccc cece cece cece cece eee e eens 17, 23 i Drevituba. 2.2.2.2. eee eee eee 17 PUANIPOUID Loe eee eee 22 POMYARTNOLAES occ ccc cee ee eee eee 20 POLOSING. coc cece eee eee eee eee 18 PVOLUBCTONS ©. ec eceeeeeeeeee eee eee ee 21, 22 PUDESCONS occ c ccc e ee eee eee e eee e eee 18,19 PEVOUUE . 2 eee eee eee 21,238 SAPONATI 2... ee eee eee eee 20 sessiliflora .......2.....00...22022..25-2. 20 UNGUION . one ce ce eee e eee wees 22,23 variegata ...... eee ceeeceeceeenee -- 20,21, 22,: virginica...... ence eee eee weer eee eee 15, 19, 23 CEOIVING occ ccc eee eee eee eee 19 AIDEN Lo cece cee eee ee 15 TNtOVMONID Lo eee eee eee 19 Amaryllidaceae ..........0...0..2...-2--20-- 8 Ampelocissus acapulcensis, cultural plant. 4 Ampelopsis, a new species ...............-. Al MEXICANA .... 2... ee eee eee 51 Argemone .... 2.2... .2.2 000022 eee eee eee 23 arida . 2.22.2... 2.2 2,25 | fruticosa.... 2... eee eee eee eee 24 gracilenta ..............2022....222022-- 24,27 grandiflora ...........2.......... 1,3, 28, 24, 25 hispida ............0002...0202.000202. 23, 24, 26 intermedia stenopetala ... 22... eee eee eee 27 Mexican species ..............-2...2.--- 23 MEXICANA... eee eee 3, 23, 24 OCHVOlEUCH. 0 ee eee nee 25 POSED cee eee eee ee cee eee 25 18104—03——5 Page. Argemone—Continned., MUNItA . 2 ee eee ee 24, 27 ochroleuca .............-2-..0.00- 1,3, 28, 24, 25 platyeeras 22.0... 0.0 0.002 c eee eee eee 1,3, 24, 25 PlALYCETAS 0.0... eee eee wee eee eee ee eee 26 TOSCQ. 2... ccc eee eee eee ee ee eeeee 25 rediscoveries 2.2.0.2... 02.0 0ce ee eee eee é TOSCA. 02. eee ee eee eee 25 sanguinea .........022..0022.20. seeeeeee 24,25 BSQUCITOSO 020 e ee eee eee eee eee eee 26 stenopetala ..............020..22.002- 24,26, 27 Aristolochiaceae ............2..200222-000-. 23 Aristolochia longecaudata...........22.0.. 23 longecaudata......22 00225 eee e eee seeeeee 23 hew name for a species ................ 2 pringlei ...........2.222... 22220220200 ee 23 Aspicarpa lanata .....2.....2....22.2.00000- 5,49 Begonia gracilis. ..........2..02..00000000000. 1 Bomaria ovata ..........2..-.20.20-5-22002--- 1 Bradburya, new species and revised names 45 pubescens 2.2.2.0... 2.2 ee eee ee eee 45 sagittata... 0.0... eee eee 46 schiedeana ................20.2-0220000- 46 unifoliata .........202.....2.2022- seeeeee 45 Virginiana.........2222....0.....--0-2--- 45 Brassicaceae. 2.2.00... cece eee eee eee eee 28 BVO 6. e cece e eee 8 DUNNE ooo ccc ec eee e eee cece eee 13,14 COMOCAPTI 6. occ cece eee eee ee eee 12 CENSiMOrd 22... cece e eee grt nrc eerecceee 13 GOMENIOVO Lecce eee ee eee ee eee eee 8,12 SVOMINAMOPG oo cee eee eee eee eee eee 12 sessiliMOrd. 0 cee cee eee eee 10 SENGUTUMOPG 2. eee cee ee 13, 16 Brongniartia ...........0.20 0002 ee eee eee 42 POLUSQL occ ee ee eee ee 43 CONLPOSOIM. oo oo cc ce cee eee 45 AUDTUM cae eee beweeees eee eee eee eee 46 hhastatuin. cc... e cee ee sce e eee e ee eee eee 46 Climacorachis fruticosa .....22.0........0.. 44 MONICANA 2.2.2.2. eee eee eee eee 43, 44 NeW PCNUS. 2... Lee ee ee eee ee eee 48 CUiLOVIC DPOUSSONELIL. ooo cece ee 41 schiedeand ........ sete teeter eee eres 46 Coctocapnid GOMINIMOVA . cece ccccce cece eeeees 12 Cologania affinis .......0.......22.0..022--- 42 angustifolia ............2...----2.--- 34, 35, 37 UN GUSEPOUIE 600 oe ce ee eee eee ee 37 australis........2..... cette eee eee ee eee 35 II Cologania—Continued. Page. Capitata 2... eee eee eee ee eee 5, 35, 36, 41 COMLUSA. 2... ee eee eee eee ee tenes 35, 87 deamii........... 0.22.22 eee eee eee 36, 37 CTOCTA 0.0.22 cece ee ene ee eee eee eee eee 35, 37 glabrior ............-- 200-20 e ee ee eee eee 36, 38 grandiflora ..........-.--...-----+--- 35, 36, 41 hirta. 2.0.2... ....... 222 e ee eee 35, 36, 41 houghii..............2-2 22-2222, 0 eee ee 36, 39 humifusa.................. 0222-2 e eee 86, 39, 40 humilis... 2.2.0.2... ee eee eee eee 36, 40 intermedia ............. 2.000. c eee eee 35, 37, 42 jaliscana 2.2.2.0... eee eee eee eee 36, 38 lemmoni ................--.222-----5 35, 36, 89 longifolia... .......22....022- 2-2 ee eee eee 39,37 | martia... 2... 6... eee eee eee ee 36, 39,42 | nelsoni ........-----. ee eee eee eee ee eens 36,40 | Obovata ...... 6. eee eee eee eee eee eee 36, 39, 40 ovalifolia.............----22222-222222-- 39,42 OVALUPOLIO. Loe eect eee eee eee eee 35,42 — pallida ...........2.. 2.22 e eee eee eee 35, 36,38 pringled ...2....0-. 6. eee e eee eee eee eee 36,39 Pringlel .. 0... cc eee ence eee eee e eee eee 38 procumbens ...........2-. 2. eee eee eee 34, 35, 36 | pulchella..........--.--.--00+: 35, 38, 39,40, 41 pulchella . 2.2.0.2 eee cece eee eee ee 30, 38, 89, 40 POACEMO8A. . 2222-2 Reece eee eee eee 40, 41 TACCMOSA 22... ee eee ee eee ee eee eee eee 36, 40 TULESCOENS 2.0.22 eee eee eee eee eee eee 35, 36, 38 SCANCENS 2.2.00... cc eee eee eee eee 36, 38 synopsis of species. ............62 cee ee 34 Colubrina, a new species ...........-..-.+-- MCZaACATPA . 2.22... eee ee eee 8, 50 Jommelinaceae ..........-......2-02- 22 eee 5 COrVACEAG 22... eee ee eee eee eee 53 Cornus disciflora ...............---22------- 538, 54 excelsa ............0200 022 2c ce eee 53, 54 florida... .......02-.200 0000220022 53 grandis...........2--. 22220022222 e ee eee 53, 54 lanceolata.....22-....022.20 002220 eee eee 43, 55 nelsoni ..........22--.-. 2222 eee eee eee eee 53, 54 SEPT. eee eee the Mexican species................---- 53 tolucensis .......0 e000 cece cece eens ee eee 53,54 COLUCENSIS Coc cc cece cee eeee 55 urbiniana 2.2.2.2... . 2.22 eee ee eee eee 53 Cotyledon ........--- cc ceeceeceeseucsecees 4 batesii... 2.2.02. eee ee eee eee ee 2 parviflora. .........- 0... e eee ee eee eee ee 2,4 sp. and sp, NOV .......-....2-- ee eee eee 2 Cracea submontana ..............---22.---- 46 Crinum, horticultural plant................ 3 Sp. NOV .....------------2----- 05-2222 1 Crotalaria eriocarpa..........-..--.-.-+---- 47 filifolia ..... 02.0.2... 0222s 46 tenuissima ..........22..----- 00002 -eee- 46 viminalis.............2..222.0... 022200 5,47 Cucurbitaceae.........2-.....-22-.000-222206- 55 Cyanotis.........220.. 2222 eee eee eee eee ee 6 DEMWPINOW. 00 ce cee cece ence eee 15 QVACULIMG . occ cee eee eee eee eee ee eee 1s Draba confusa.........2....00.2 0220222 e ee 29 jorullensis...............-----222-+2055- 29 GOVULIENSIS VAL. oo eee eee eee 30 MEXICANA 1.2.2.0... ee eee eee ee eee eee 29 myosotioides .............. 00020002 eee 29 new species. ........--....-------------- 28 INDEX. Draba—Continued. Page. nivicola .........- wet e eee e cece cece neces 29 orbiculata.... 2... cee ee eee eee eee eee 29 popocatepetlensis .............- 2. ee eee 29 pringlei 2.2.2... 00.0.2. ee eee ee eee eee eee 30 tolucensis ............ 2222 eee eee eee eee 29, 30 Dule.... 2... eee cece eee eee eee eens 4 Echeveria glauca ...............02200 2 eee eee 2,4 lurida ..... 22.22 eee eee eee ee 4 new horticultural species ............-- 3 TACOEMIOSA 2.0... cece ee eee eee eee eens 2,4 SCCUNGA 20... cece eee eee eee eee eee eee *. 4 SP. NOV... cece eee e cence eee eee eee ees 2 Echeveria-like plant ........2....-...------ 2 ENOMEGVQ. 00.0 eee eee ee 23 Epidendrum vitellinum..................-- 2 Galactia hirtd.... 0.2. eee ee ee eee 41 MOPQINGUS . cee eee eee eee 36 PUrpULead ... 2.2.2 e eee eee eee eee eee 41 Garrya, a new species ..........2...2..2.--- 55 longifolia 2.0.2.0... 2... cee eee ee eee 55 Gaudichaudia mollis ...........-------.--5- 49 subverticillata.............-----2.---05- 49 Glycine DUODA. 2... cece eee eee eee 40 sagittata 22... ccc eee eee eee 46 Harpalyce arborescens .......-22.-2..----5- 43 fOTMOSA ... 2. eee eee eee eee 43 hidalgensis....-.....2-.-.-2-0--e000-05- 43 list of species with two new descrip- tiONS. 2... eee eee ee eee eee eee eee 42 loeseneriana 22... 2. ..ee cece eee e ener ee A MEXICANA .... 2... eee ee eee eee eee 42 pringlei ......... 2.22... eee eee eee eee 42 TEtUSA 22... ee eee ee eens 43 Heeria elegans rediscovered ............-.. 3 Hiraea parviflora..............22e eee eee eee 49 Horticultural plants, new...............65. 3 Hymenocallis sp ............2..22-2-2-.--05- 2 Illustrations, specimens used for .........-- 4,5 Indigofera platyearpa................------ 5,47 © Letchtlinia occ cece eee eee eee eee ee 15 COMMUALT 0... eee eee 21 PVOCUDEVANE . 0. cece eee eee eee eee eee ee 21 Lupine 2.2.22... ee eee eee eee eee ee ¢ Lupinus bakeri.. 2.22.20... cee eee eee eee 4 ClOEZANS 2... ee eee eens 4 g@labratus 22.2... e eee eee eee ee 47 MeXiICANUS 2.2.2... ee ee eee eee eee 4,47 montanus .......... 6... 22. ee eee eee eee 4 SPP ........--2-- 2-2-2222 eee eee ee eee eee t submontanuS............0000e eee e eee ee 5,47 vaginatus. 2.0... 2... eee eee eee eee eee 4 Maguey ............ 02.222 eee eee eee eee 15 Malpighiaceae ..............2222..22-20255- 49 Malvaviscus lanceolatus ...............---- 4,5 Mamillaria carnea ............2...22.2.---- 2 SP cece eee eee eee eee eee eee 2 Manftreda brachystachys.........-...--- 16,19, 22 brunnea ............ 0.02 e eee ee eee eee ee 16,19 elongata. ..........222.02-22 eee eee eee eee 16, 21 genus and species ..........2..2....--.- 15, 16 guttata ...... 0.2.20 2c eee eee eee 16, 21, 22 jaliscana ..........2.. 0202202222022 2,16, 22 maculata ...... 0.2... eee eee eee eee eee eee 16,18 mMaculosa .. 2... eee eee eee eee 16,17 Oliverana .. 22... eee ee eee eee ce eee eee eee 16, 21 planifolia.... 220.220... 222. e eee 16, 22 INDEX. Manfreda—Continued. Page. potosina ................. 0. cece eee eee ee 16,18 pringlei ..........00..0000.00 0222202222. 16,19 revoluta..........2. 020 e cee eee e eee eee 16,21 TUDESCENS 2... 2. eee cece cece e eee ee 16, 22 singuliflora.. 20.0.0... 00 0000. e eee eee eee 16 SS) 13 undulata... 0.0... ee eee cece eee eee 16, 22 Variegata... 0.0... eee cece eee cece 16, 20 Virginica ................. ee eee ee eee 16, 18,19 tigrina............2.222000. wee eeeeee 19 Martia inexicana...............00020.00000- 42 Meliaceae 2.0.00. e eee ee eee 50 Mexican plants fiowered at Washington... 1 Mexico, Mr, Rose’s journeys in............. Mimosa hemiendyta ....................0-- 82 galeotti..... been eee eee eee e eee ee eee 33 TACCTALA Loo eee eee cece eee eee 33 MOllis 2.2.2... ee eee eee cee ee eeee 33 Mimosaceae 2.2... 0.22. cece cece eee eee eees 31 Nardo 20... cence ee eee eee eee 3,10 Neotreleasea .. 2.2.0.0... eee cece eee eee 5,6 brevifolia .........0.00. 0000.2 9,6 leiandra 2.0.2.2. .... 0... e eee eee eee 7 tumida ............. 0.222 7 Nissolia montana..............2222..2-0.00-- 48 multiflora 2.2... .2.2.2.0..02. 02222200002. 48 Orizaba, Mount, visit to.........220........ 1 Oxalis sp. MOV ooo... le eee cee eee eeeee 2 tetraphylla .... 2.2.0.2... eee cee ee ees 2 Papaveraceae ............0025. 2000 ee eee eee 23 Phaseoleae 2.2.2.0... 002.0 e eee eee eee eee 44 Phaseolus 0&@xacanus....4.......2222200 000s 5.48 pedatus............ 22222-2222 e eee eee 5,48 Pithecolobium compactum ................ 33 palmeri..... 2.2... lee eee e eee ee ee eee 34 Polianthes. 2.2.0... 2.22. cece eee eee ee eee 8,18 durangensis ............2..2..2220ec eee 5,8,9 geminiflora............ 0.02000 5, 8,9, 11, 12,18 eracilis 2.2.02... eee eee eee ee eee eee 8,9, 11 graminifolia......................00.0. 9,11, 12 horticultural species ................0.. 3 longiflora........2......02000222 2200005. 8,10 MOACUOALA. 00. een ee eee eee 13,18 TMNOLICUN occ ccc cee eee cee eee eee eee 138,14 MONtANA.... 2222 eee eee eee 9,11 nelsoni .....2...222.. 202-2022 c eee ee ee eee 8,10 palustris... 0.2.0... 2..2..2600.- weeeeeeeeee 5,8,9 platyphyNa.......2.....2....-. beeeeees 2,9,11 pringlei.. 2.2.2.2... 2 eee eee eee 8,10 TEVISION 22.22... eee ee eee eee eee eee e ee 8 sessiliflora oo... 2.0.2. .c eee eee cece ee eee ee 8,10 tuberosa ... 02... cee ee eee eee 5,8, 9,10, 11, 13,18 QVACIHIS oe eee eee eee eee 11 Popocatepetl, Visit to........ 0.22 eee eee 1 Potentilla madrensis ....................2.. 5, 30 ranunculoides ..............2020ee- 00 eee 30 — rydbergiana ..........02....2.0.200222.. 5, 30 thurberi ...................202222022200.. 30 two new species... 2... .22 2.2.22... 0 0... 30 Prochnyanthes bulliana.........0.0220.0..... 13, 14 genus and species ...............2...... 13 MeXiCANA 2.2.2.2... eee eee eee 13,14 6 13 viridescens, 2. ....0.00....022.-.2200202- 13,14 densiflora 2.00.22... 0.22. eee eee eee 13 Pulque ..........-.0-.... 020-200-0222 eee eee eee 15 | Ramirezella glabrata.........0..2...22...-- NeW SeNUS... 2 ee eee eee oeciden pubesce talis .. 22... eee eee NS 2. ee eee eee eee eee strobilophora..............0. 00000 cee eee Ranunculaceae. ........ 00... c cc cee e ee eee new spe obliqua palmeri pringlei CIOS oo... eee eee eee eee revoluta ......... 22... e cece ee eee eee MACTOCATPA 2.2... ee eee ee eee eee Rosaceae .. Rudolphia dubia... 2... cece cece eee Saurauja nelsoni ................-...2.-2.-- new species................0.202 eee eee pauciflo pringlei reticula serrata TO 22. ee eee ee eee eee ee Schizocarpum, a new species .............. reflexXum 2.20222... 2 eee eee eee eee Sedum sp. nov..........0.0.0.0022 cece ee eee Talinopsis f Talinum er: Tequila... Thalictrum rutesCeNS.......... 202220 e eee eee assifolium .........0.....222.0.. gibbosum..................22.. jalapense... 2.22... oe eee eee new spe CIES Lo... eee eee eee eee obliquum ............0..222 020022 e eee peninsu lare 2.2... ........20 cece eee stipitatum 2.2... eee eee subpubescens......2....2.......-002000- tomentellum ..........2.....2.222.2222. vesiculosum PEninsUlare ....c0.00-2-2 eee Theaceae.. sp. and sp, NOV .............00.0 000.000 vestita. Brevifolid L262... oe eee crassifolia 2.2.0.2. eee eee leiandra brev POM ee eee eee OVaLd 2... eee pilosa . speciosa tumida. VIPgINIANA flELUOSU oe ee eee ee CUMIAA. 6. eee eee Treleasea .. brevifolia... 0.0.0.2. eee eee LAMONT 000. oo eee eee pumila. tumida. aT stb stm OD aT aT AIO Ot ano lV Trichilia, a new pringlei .... Tuberose ....... Uva sylvestra... Viciaceae ...... Vigna .........- strobilophora Speci€S ..........22-22 eee INDEX. Page. | 50 50 | Vitis vinifera......... 3 Zebrina ...........--- 4 leiandra .........- 34 pumila...........- 44. Zephyranthes carinata 44 Zetocapnia yeminifora VITACCAC Lc cee ee ee eee eee O Page. Lt . > WMA erele SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL HHERBARICM VotumMeE VIII, Part 2 ECONOMIC PLANTS OF PORTO RICO By O. F. COOK and G. N. COLLINS WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1903 NOTE. ISSUED JUN 7 wv 27, 1908, PREFACE, One influence of the extension of American jurisdiction over Porto Rico and the Philippine Islands, in the year 1S08, was to create a demand for information about the vegetation of those islands. All contained a tropical flora, and American botanists had devoted little attention to the study of tropical plants. The information demanded regarding the Porto Riean flora was largely of a popular and com- mercial character and was not at all to be satisfied by the existing and available technical works on the West Indian flora. In the course of their investigations on tropical agricultural plants in Porto Rico, Mr. O. F. Cook, botanist in charge of investigations in tropical agri- culture, Department of Agriculture, and his assistant, Mr. G. N. Collins, have collated a large amount of information on the economic plants of that island such as is not suitable for incorporation in their detailed reports on staple and special agricultural plants, which are published by the United States Department of Agriculture. This information has been brought together in the present paper on Eco- nomie Plants of Porto Rico, Fortunately the plant names in use among the people of Porto Rico are appiied with approximate pre- cision, so that by adding the botanical identification of a plant to its Porto Rican popular name we have in most instances a direct key to its botanical name and position. The use of illustrations reproduced from good photographs conveys in a simple and direct way informa- tion which no amount of technical description could replace. Avail- ing themselves of personal observation, the facts published by others, a study of collections, the use of photographs, and the intimate per- sonal knowledge the Porto Ricans have of their useful plants, the authors have produced a work which will be of great value to botan- ists and to all other persons seeking information about the common and useful plants of Porto Rico. FREDERICK V. COVILLE, Curator of botany. III CONTENTS Page Introduction. 9-2. eee oT Economie plants imperfectly know ne. ee 58 Materials included and arrangement of list .......-.. 22. 2-2 58 Misplaced common names___--.----- 8) ee 59 References to botanical literature __- Oo ee wee eee ee 60 Books on Porto Rican plants ______- 7 oe 60 Personal field work, ac knowledgements, and desideratum - ~ ee eee 2 Catalogue of economic plants of Porto Rico... -_---_- 222 63 A a) ry T ILLUSTRATIONS. PLATES. PuLaTE XIII. Porto Rico Royal Palm (Roystonea boringuena) __....Frontispiece. XIV. XV. XVI. XVII. XVIII. AIX, XX. XXI. XXII. XAITI, XXIV. XXYV. XXVI. XXVILI. XXVIII. X XIX. XXX, AXXI. XXXII. XXXITI. XXXIV. XXXV. Facing page. Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) showing healthy and diseased fruits. From Santurce _._--.--..-.---------- -o eee 63 Acacia amarilla (Albizzia lebbek). Near Juana Diaz Woe 70 Alpinia wutans. At Caguas _....-.-22 222222 2 eee 73 Anthurinn acaule —.---2 22-2. oe. (oe 82 Antigonon leptopus. Coamo Springs......--__-. 82 Flamboyant blanco (Bauhinia kappler 7). Coamo Springs. 90 Ucar tree (Bucida buceras). Coamo Springs.---------. 96 Alnacigo (Bursera simaruba), Coamo Springs -_-----. ~~. 97 Algodon de seda (Calotropis procera), Road near Guayama. 101 Palo de burro (Capparis cynophallophora), fruit and leaves.. 104 Ceiba tree (Ceiba pentandra). Near Ponce ...-.---.-.---.--- 111 Stem and edible fruit of Cereus sp. At Guayama - -... «112 TIcaco (Chrysobalanus ieaco) _....2 2-22 114 Péndulo colorado (Citharexylum quadr angular e), Road between Ponce and Adjuntas ___..______- ee 116 Cupey (Clusia rosea). Near Yauco. 99) ee —.. 119 Job’s tears (Coia lachryma-jobl) —...-..-- 2-2. - - 122 Moral tree (Cordia macrophylla). Coamo Springs ....... .. 127 Cerezas (Cordia nitida) ........--.. 22 ee 127 Calabash tree (Crescentia cujete). ‘Near Rio Piedras......... 129 Concombre (Cucumis anguria) --_-- ne 130 Virgin forest of tabonuco (Dacryodes hecandra). At Isolina- 182 Jaguey (Ficus lentiginosa). Road between Ponce and Adjuntas. 0.002.020 eee) 148 PLATE XXXVI. XXXVII. XXXVIII. XXXIX. XL XLI. XLII. XLII. XLIV. XLV. XLVI. XLVII. XLVIII. XLIX. LX. Fig. 12, Lawn of Meibomia triflora, 13. Almendra, fruit of Terminulia catauppa. ILLUSTRATIONS. Facing page. Guacima (Guaziuma guazuma), Coamo Springs Heckeria peltata inflorescence and center of leaf ___. Heckeria umbellata inflorescence and center of leaf. __- Talantala (Herpetica alata). At Catatio _ Lira (Hibiscus schizopetaulus), Garden of the Captain- Physic nut (Jatropha cureas)., Catatio- Flowers, seeds, and seedlings of mangle blanco ( Lagiien- laria racemosa), Catatio -_ Molinillo (Leonotis wepetaefolia) 0 00 China berry (Melia azedarach), Coamo Springs. Cundeamor (Momordica charantia) - Cork wood (Ochroima lagopus). Near Ponce Spineless Opuntia, Near Guayaima- Para grass (Pandlenm iolle)———- Emajagua (Paritiwn tiliaeewn) - Pentaraphia albiflora —___. : Tachuelo ( Pictetia aristata) ... 2 _. . - oo Tachuelo (Pictetia aristata), showing aristate leaves. Flame tree (Potneiana regia). In the Plaza, Cagnas Berengena cimarrona (Sol. iinin tore) Anacagiitas (Sterculia carthaginensis), Almendro (Terminalia catappa) ——- oo Santa Maria (Thespesia populnea). Near Ponce. ___ Santa Maria (Thespesia populnea), showing fruit .___- Vincetoxicum sp _- Near Ponce - TEXT FIGURES. Coamo Springs Catatio ..-2 2222 159 ECONOMIC PLANTS OF PORTO RICO. By O. F. Cook and (+. N. Couiins. INTRODUCTION. Very few tropical countries have been provided with satisfactory manuals of botany by means of which the resident or the traveler ean identify the plants and secure access to information regarding their uses and other noteworthy characteristics. There is, as vet, no manual of the botany of Porto Rico nor any handbook of tropical cultivated plants which can be recommended to those who seek an introduction to the indigenous flora of the Island and the economic species grown for food, ornament, and other pur- poses, or escaped and intermingled with the native vegetation, lor tunately, however, clues to the identity of a large proportion of the plants of Porto Rico are readily obtainable through the medium of the common names. The natives of Porto Rico have been noted by many travelers as having a larger series of popular names and as using them with more precision than the inhabitants of other parts of the American tropies. Certain it is that many species have received separate names in Porto Rico which in Cuba are not distinguished except by botanists. This fact is to be connected, perhaps, with the existence of a large rural population, which has preserved many names obtained from their Indian ancestors and the Spanish settlers with whom these amalgamated. The names are in many eases entirely local, not known outside the island, and quite different from those applied in Mexico and Cuba. It is accordingly believed that a list of Porto Rican names of economic plants, although necessarily imperfect, would be of special convenience at the present juncture when the native population is beginning the study of English and while numerous Americans are struggling to comprehend the language, products, and vegetation of a new and interesting country. Some plants have several common nanes which may be confined to different districts, and in some cases the same names are applied to different plants in different places. Of course this popular knowledge lacks scientific accuracy and frequently breaks down when similar species are in question, The identification of single individuals 57 58 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. should always be verified by cumulative testimony and a consensus of the most intelligent opinion obtainable. ECONOMIC PLANTS IMPERFECTLY KNOWN. Owing partly to the fact that some of the botanists who have writ- ten most extensively on the West Indian flora have carefully avoided reference to the uses of the plants they studied, our knowledge of the economic plants of the West Indies is still in a very fragmentary condition. Moreover, a considerable amount of the existing litera- ture is now out of date and unreliable on account of the uncertainty attaching to many of the names used by the earlier semipopular writers. The British West Indies have received the most attention, and the French islands are second in the amount of printed informa- tion. On the Cuban flora, as well, a considerable body of literature exists, in Comparison with the extreme paucity of scientifie informa- tion regarding Porto Rico. The island has not attracted, to any con- siderable extent, the interest of European or American naturalists, and the local prosecution of study received only negative encouragement. Although the area is small, the topography is so complicated and the climatic and other conditions so varied that anything like an exhaustive knowledge of the wild plants will be very difficult to obtain. In the case of the cultivated economic species the same difficulty of extreme localization isapparent. Plant introduction has been earried on only in an extremely desultory manner. Transportation is diffi- eult, and the numerous towns have had connection, for much of the time, only by sea, so that the dissemination even of successful species has been slow and difficult. It is manifestly impossible to enter to best advantage upon the task of improving agricultural conditions in Porto Rico without more ade- quate knowledge of the nature and results of past experiments, and it would be useless and wasteful to reintroduce species already growing in the island except where superior varieties can be secured. MATERIALS INCLUDED AND ARRANGEMENT OF LIST. This paper includes miscellaneous information on the principal cultivated plants of Porto Rico, brief notes on many of the minor economic plants, and a list of all the native names of plants which have thus far been recorded from the island, with references to the scientific names of the species to which they are applied as far as these have been determined.