VOLUME 22 PART 3

NORTH AMERICAN FLORA

GROSSULARIACEAE
FREDERICK VERNON COVILLE, NATHANIEL LORD BRITTON

PLATANACEAE
HENRY ALLAN GLEASON

CROSSOSOMATACEAE
JoHN KUNKEL SMALL

CONNARACEAE
NATHANIEL LORD BRITTON
CALYCANTHACEAE
{ CHARLES LovIS POLLARD

ROSACEAE (pars)
Prr AXEL RYDBERG

: PUBLISHED BY
' THE NEW YORK BOTANICAL GARDEN
JUNE 12, 1908

ANNOUNCEMENT

The NorTH AMERICAN FLORA is designed to present in one work de-
scriptions of all plants growing, independent of cultivation, in North America,
here taken to include Greenland, Central America, the Republic of Panama,
and the West Indies, except Trinidad, Tobago, and Curacao and other islands
off the north coast of Venezuela, whose flora is essentially South American.

The work will be published in parts at irregular intervals, by the New
York Botanical Garden, through the aid of the income of the David Lydig
Fund bequeathed by Charles P. Daly.

It is planned to issue parts as rapidly as they can be prepared, the ex-
tent of the work making it possible to commence publication at any number of
points. The completed work will form a series of volumes with the following
sequence :

Volume 1. Mycetozoa, Schizophyta, Diatomaceae.

Volumes 2 to 10. Fungi.

Volumes 11 to 13. Algae.

Volumes 14 and 15. Bryophyta.

Volume 16. Pteridophyta and Gymnospermae.

Volumes 17 to 19. Monocotyledones.

Volumes 20 to 32. Dicotyledones.

The preparation ofthe work has been referred by the Scientific Direc-

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and N. L. Britton.

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Each author will be wholly responsible for his own contributions, being
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THE NEW YORK BOTANICAL GARDEN
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Family 13. GROSSULARIACEAE

By FREDERICK VERNON COVILLE AND NATHANIEL LORD BRITTON

Shrubs, with erect, ascending, recurved, trailing, or even prostrate stems,
often bristly, sometimes with nodal spines. Leaves alternate, simple, petioled,
on the lateral branches usually fascicled, deciduous or persistent, the blades
variously lobed or toothed, rarely entire, the base of the petiole often
dilated; stipules none, or adnate to the petiole. Inflorescence terminal on
short axillary branches, racemose, the raceme sometimes reduced to a single
flower; flowers bracteate, small, regular, perfect, or sometimes imperfect ;
hypanthium elongate, short, or obsolete; sepals usually 5, rarely 4, imbricate
or nearly valvate; petals small, as many as the sepals, borne alternately with
them at the top of the hypanthium; stamens as many as the sepals and op-
posite them, the filaments short or elongate, the anthers didymous; ovary
inferior, 1-celled; style 2-lobed, 2-cleft, or 2-divided, rarely 3-cleft; stigmas
small, simple; ovules several or numerous, on two, or rarely three, parietal
placentae. Fruit a 1-celled pulpy berry, several- to many-seeded ; seeds hori-
zontal, angular, the minute terete embryo in fleshy endosperm.

Plants without nodal spines and without bristles, or, if with them, the flowers
without an apparent hypanthium ; pedicels jointed beneath the ovary, bearing
a pair of bractlets just below the joint, or the bractlets obsolete; fruit dis-
articulating from the pedicel. 1. RIBES.
Plants with nodal spines, bristly or without bristles; flowers with an evident
hypanthium ; pedicels not jointed, the bractlets if present minute, situated at
the very base of the pedicel, and covered by the bract; fruit not disarticulat-
ing from the pedicel. 2. GROSSULARIA.

1. RIBES L. Sp. Pl. 201. 1753.

Ribesium Medic. Phil. Bot. 1: 120. 1789.
Chrysobotrya Spach, Ann. Sci. Nat. II. 4: 18. 1835.
Calobotrya Spach, Ann. Sci. Nat. II. 4: 21. 1835.
Coreosma Spach, Ann. Sci. Nat. II. 4: 22. 1835.
Cerophyllum Spach, Hist. Vég. 6: 152. 1838.
Botryocarpium Spach, Hist. Vég. 6: 158. 1838.

Shrubs, usually unarmed, a few species bristly. Leaves palmately veined, usually
jobed, sometimes merely dentate, usually deciduous, rarely persistent. Racemes several-
to many-flowered ; pedicels jointed beneath the ovary, a pair of bractlets often present just
below the joint. Ovary glandular or eglandular, not spiny. Hypanthium tubular to cupuli-
form, short or elongate, sometimes obsolete. Fruit disarticulating from the pedicel.

Type species, Ribes rubrum 1.

A. Plants with spines or prickles. (LACUSTRIA.) .
Leaves smooth or nearly so; racemes commonly with 10-15 flowers,

sometimes fewer; berries dark-purple or almost black. 1. R. lacustre.
Leaves pubescent and glandular-hairy on both surfaces; racemes com-
monly with 3-7 flowers, rarely more ; berries bright-red. 2. R. montigenum.

B. Plants without spines or prickles.
a. Ovary with sessile glands. ;
1. Leaves holly-like, evergreen. (VIBURNIFOLIA.) ° 3. R. viburnifolium.
2. Leaves maple-like, deciduous. : .
* Hypanthium conspicuous, urn-shaped, the sepals in anthesis
ascending, and then recurved at about the middle. (Nicra.) 4. R. nigrum.
** Hypanthium short and inconspicuous, satcer-shaped, the sepals
spreading from the base. (HUDSONIANA.)
Bracts of the racemes large, broadest above the middle, the
lowest often expanded into a leaf-like blade; sepals green ;
berry at maturity whitened with a dense bloom. 5. &. bracteosum.

VoLUME 22, Part 3, 1908] 193

1y4 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA

Bracts of the racemes small, narrowed from the base to a sharp

apex; sepals white; berry black, without bloom.

Leaves villous-pubescent underneath, usually with only a
shallow sinus,’ or none at all, at the base; racemes loose,
seldom more than 5 cm. long (including the peduncle),
commonly 6-12-flowered ; bracts usually 3~5 mmi. long.

Leaves smooth on both surfaces or with traces of coarse
pubescence beneath, the basal sinus usually deep; racemes
commonly 7-12 cm. long and closely 25-50-flowered ; bracts
usually minute and less than a millimeter in length.

6. Ovary without glands, or the glands stalked.
1. Sepals slightly united at the base, the hypanthium obsolete.
* Ovary without hairs of any kind. (RUBRA.)

Pedicels usually glandless; sepals and petals yellowish-green ;
anther-cells distinctly separated by the broad connective,
usually widely divergent. .

Pedicels usually bearing a few glands; sepals usually mottled
with purple, or purple throughout; petals red; anther-cells
contiguous, parallel or nearly so.

** Ovary with gland-tipped hairs, or rarely with only glandless
hairs, (PROSTRATA.)

Bracts nearly equaling, or sometimes exceeding, the pedicels.

Racemes erect or ascending; berry bright-red at maturity
and without bloom.

Racemes reflexed, the separate pedicels again recurved up-
ward; berry blue-black, with a bloom.

Bracts not more than half the length of the pedicels.

Sepals about 2-2.5 mm. long, smooth on the outside ; petals
with rhombic blade on a rather broad stalk, the whole
much longer than broad ; berry red.

Sepals about 3-4 mm. long, hairy on the outside; petals
fan-shaped with incurved sides, as broad as or broader
than long; berry dark-purple or black. :

Sepals with glanduliferous hairs on the outside ; petals
nearly twice as broad as long; berry without bloom.

Sepals without glanduliferous hairs; petals only a little,
if any, broader than long; berry with bloom.

2, Hypanthium evident, though sometimes short.
*Anthers with a conspicuous cup-shaped apical gland. (VIs-
COSISSIMA. ) .

Hypanthium 24-4 times as long as broad ; berry bright-red.

Bracts cuneate-obovate, the usually rounded or truncate
summit cut into several deep teeth or lobes; styles
usually hairy above.

Bracts rhombic, mostly narrowly so, usually acute, entire
or occasionally with one lateral lobe, the margin
usually minutely glandular-denticulate ; styles usually
smooth throughout.

Leaves commonly 2.5-4 or even 5 cm. wide; petioles,
rachis of the inflorescence, and leaf-blades devoid of
pubescence ; flowers white, the pedicels commonly 2-5
mm. long. :

Leaves commonly 1.5-2.5cem. wide, seldom 3 cm.; petioles,
rachis of the inflorescence, and usually the leaf-blades

pubescent; flowers usually pink or pinkish, the pedicels
17

commonly 1-2 mm. long.
Hypanthium less than twice as long as broad; berry black or
blue

ue.
Ovary with at least a few gland-tipped hairs, or the hypan-
thium and the sepals together more than 1 cm. long.
Hypanthium at least twice as long as the sepals.
Hypanthium little or not at all exceeding the sepals.
Leaf-blades abundantly provided on both surfaces
with sessile, exudating glands, but without gland-
tipped hairs; hypanthium, sepals, and petals deep-
red throughout.

Leaf-blades with more or less abundant gland-tipped
hairs on both surfaces; flowers greenish-white
or white, purplish at most only in part.

Sepals longer than the hypanthium, both together
less than 7 mm. in length in the dried flower.
Sepals equaling or shorter than the hypanthium,
both together more than 7 mm. in length in
the dried flower.

Leaves with triangular-ovate, usually acute lobes;
sepals acuminate to acute, provided on the
back, usually conspicuously, with gland-tipped
hairs; plant Mexican.

10.
11.

14,

16.

20.

21.

. RR.

Rk.

R.

[VoLuME 22

. hudsonianum.

. petiolare.

. vulgare,

triste.

. erythrocarpum.

R.

acerifolium.

glandulosum.

coloradense,

. laxtflorum.

cereéum.,

. rentforme.

. tnebrians,

niescalertum.

. ceriferum,

neglectum,

. Pringlei.

Parr 3, 1908] GROSSULARIACEAE

Leaves with usually rounded lobes; sepals
usually obtuse, without gland-tipped hairs
or with only traces of them; plants of the
United States.

Ovary covered with gland-tipped hairs;
sepals greenish-white, seldom purple-
margined ; berry black, without bloom.

Ovary smooth; some or all of the sepals
usually purple-margined ; berry of a light
blue color due to a heavy bloom.

Ovary smooth; hypanthium and sepals together less than
lcm. long.
Bracts obovate, the broad summit several-toothed.
Bracts, except sometimes a few of the lowermost, linear-
oblong to lanceolate, usually acute and entire, though
often glandular-ciliate.
Sepals longer than the hypanthium.

Leaves smooth above, the margin with gland-tipped
hairs. 25
Leaves, under a lens, with some scant pubescence

above, the margin without gland-tipped hairs.

Sepals equaling or shorter than the hypanthium.

Leaves rounded, truncate, or even cordate at the
base, the sinus shallow and widely open; glands
of the herbage usually sessile; hypanthium and
sepals together 5-6 mm. long in the dried flower. 27.

Leaves deeply cordate at the base, the sinus usually

closed, both surfaces, as wellas the young shoots,

and especially the petioles, provided with stout,

gland-tipped, usually scattered hairs; hypan-

thium and sepals together 8-10 mm.inlength. 28.
** Anthers with at most a mere callus at the apex.
t+ Hypanthium smooth, yellow, three or more times as long as
thick; leaves involute in vernation. (AUREA.)
Flowers sessile or very nearly so. 29.
Flowers distinctly pedicelled.
Hypanthium 1-1.5 times as long as the sepals. 30.
Hypanthium about twice as long as the sepals.
Rachis glabrous. 31.
Rachis villous or puberulent.
Rachis and pedicels villous. gee
Rachis puberulent ; pedicels glabrous. 33.
tt Hypanthium usually hairy, not yellow, or if yellow, less
than twice as long as thick ; leaves plicate in vernation.
{ Axis of the raceme straight and stiff, 1 cm. long or less;
leaves without glands, (TORTUOSA.) 34.
ti Axis of the raceme flexuous, few to several cm. long,
except in depauperate specimens ; leaves usually with
glands.

§ Leaves with scattered, sessile, amber-colored, wax-
like, non-exudating glands on both surfaces.
(AMERICANA.)

Bracts of the raceme, except sometimes the lowermost,
broadest below the middle and devoid of glands, or
1-3 glands occasionally present ; sepals and petals
yellowish-green. 35.

Bracts of the raceme usually broadest above the mid-
dle, abundantly provided with large sessile glands

on the lower surface; sepals and petals canary-yellow. 36.

§§ Leaves, when with glands, not as described above.

(SANGUINEA.)

Ovary glabrous.
Ovary with gland-tipped hairs and sometimes other
pubescence also.

Hypanthium and sepals greenish-white, both
together 5 mm. or less in length, the sepals 3-4
times the length of the hypanthium,

Hypanthium and sepals red or reddish, rarely

white, usually much longer than described
above, the sepals at most twice as long as
the hypanthium. .

Sepals longer than the hypanthium ; ovary with
only gland-tipped hairs, or the white gland-
less hairs, if present, sparse and curled;
style glabrous.

Outstretched hypanthium and calyx in dried
specimens 6 mm. or less in length.

QOutstretched hypanthium, and calyx in dried

specimens 8-10 or even 12 mm. long.

26.

37.

38.

39.

R.

R.

mr OO

R

195

Viscosissimunt.

. Halli.

. Dugesiz.

Orizabae.

. affine.

rugosum.

. ctliatum,

. chihuahuense.
. aureum,
. gracillimum.

. odoratum.
. fontinale.

tortuosum.,

. americanum.
. Nelsont.

. Brandeget.

. Wolft.

. nevadense.

196 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VorumE 22

Leaves tomentose on the back, the larger
ones with the terminal lobe about as
broad as long ; racemes erect or ascend-
ing, commonly 10-15-flowered; ovary
with scanty short curled hairs among
the gland-tipped ones. 40, R. sanguineum.,
Leaves usually without tomentum on the
back, the larger ones with the terminal
lobe commonly about twice as broad as
long; racemes declined, commonly 15-
20-flowered, sometimes even 40-flowered ;
ovary usually smooth except for the
gland-tipped hairs. 41. R. glutinosum,
Sepals not longer than the hypanthium ; ovary
provided with a dense covering of straight,
white, divergent hairs, in addition to the
gland-tipped ones; style usually villous.
Flowers pink or purple, commonly 8-10 mm.
in length from the base of the ovary to the
ends of the stamens, on evident pedicels
2-5 mm. long; hypanthium about twice as
long as broad. 42. R. malvaceum.
Flowers usually white or greenish-white, 5-7
mim. in corresponding length, commonly
subsessile in appearance, the pedicels usu-
ally 1-2 mm. long; hypanthium before
shriveling little longer than broad. 43. R. indecornm.

1. Ribes lacustre (Pers.) Poir. in Lam. Encyc.
Suppl. 2: 56. 1812.

Ribes oxyacanthoides lacusire Pers. Syn. Pl. 1: 252. 1805.
Ribes grossularioides Michx.; Steud. Nom. Bot. 691. 1821.
Ribes echinatum Doug). Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 517. 1830.
Ribes lacustre parvulum A. Gray, Bot. Calif. 1: 206. 1876.
Ribes parvulum Rydb. Mem. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 2: 203. 1900.

Spines slender, weak, usually clustered. Branches usually densely bristly; petioles
slender, pubescent; leaves nearly orbicular, thin, smooth or nearly so, deeply 5-7-lobed,
3-5 cm. wide, the lobes acutish, incised-dentate; flowers green or purplish; pedicels
slender, about 4 mm. long; hypanthium crateriform ; sepals short, broad, spreading ; sta-
mens very short, not exserted ; berry about 6-10 mm. in diameter, purple-black, covered
with weak gland-tipped bristles.

TYPE LOCALITY: Lake Mistassini (Canada).

DISTRIBUTION: Newfoundland to Alaska, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania,and Michigan, and in
the mountains to Colorado, Utah, and California.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Bot. Cab. £1. 884; Guimp. Otto & Hayne, Abb. Holz. £/. 136; Loud. Arb.
J. 724; Bot. Mag. o 6492; Britt. & Brown, Ill. Fl. f. 1871; Card, Bush Fruits (. 95; Mém. Soc.
Genéve 353: f. 83, 54.

2. Ribes montigenum McClatchie, Erythea 5: 38. 1897.

Ribes lacustre molle A. Gray, Bot. Calif. 1: 206. 1876.

Ribes nubigenum McClatchie, Erythea 2: 80. 1894. Not R. nubigenum Philippi, 1857.
Ribes lacustre lentum M. E. Jones, Proc. Calif. Acad. II. 5: 681. 1895.

Ribes molle Howell, Fl. NW. Am.1: 209. 1898. Not &. molle Poepp. 1858.

Ribes lentum Coville & Rose, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 15: 28. 1902.

A straggling shrub, 3-6 dm. high, the stems more or less bristly, the nodal spines
short, or sometimes stout and longer than the leaves. Foliage and inflorescence more
or less densely pubescent and glandular-pubescent; leaves smaller than those of Ribes
lacustre, 1.5-4 cm. wide, deeply 5-lobed or 5-cleft, the lobes obovate to oblong, incised-ser-
rate, the teeth acute or obtusish, the petioles mostly shorter than the blades; racemes
short, few-flowered, as long as the leaves or shorter; pedicels 2-5 mm. long, as long as the
lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate acute bracts or longer; hypanthium crateriform, glandular-
bristly ; sepals veiny, 3-4 mm. long; berries red, glandular-bristly, palatable.

TYPE LOCALITY: Summit of Mt. San Antonio, southern California (3000 meters).

DISTRIBUTION : In the high mountains of the arid region, from California, Arizona, and New
Mexico, northward to Washington, Idaho, and Montana, and in the interior of British Columbia.
In Arizona and New Mexico the species becomes less hairy throughout, the ovaries being some-
times quite glabrous. 7

ILLUSTRATION: Mém. Soc. Genéve 353: 7. 85, 86.

Parr 3, 1908] GROSSULARIACEAB 197

3. Ribes viburnifolium A. Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 17: 202. 1882.

Evergreen, unarmed; branches straggling; young twigs resinous-glandular. Leaves
thick, dark-green above, pale-green and resinous-dotted beneath, ovate to obovate-oval,
2-7 cm. long, obtuse at the apex, narrowed or rounded at the base, sparingly repand-dentate
or nearly entire-margined, glabrous or somewhat pubescent when young; petioles rather
stout, shorter than the blades, mostly not more than 1 cm. long, pubescent or glabrous ;
racemes 1 to 3 from the same bud, few-several-flowered, as long as the leaves or shorter,
resinous-glandular; pedicels filiform, 5-10 mm. long; bracts narrowly lanceolate, acute,
mostly shorter than the pedicels, caducous; hypanthium turbinate; sepals oval, rose-col-
ored, spreading ; petals greenish, very small; berry subglobose, about 6 mm. in diameter.

TYPE LOCALITY: Northern part of Lower California, near All. Saints Bay.
DISTRIBUTION: Lower and southern California and adjacent islands.
ILLUSTRATIONS: Card, Bush Fruits /, 99; Bot. Mag. p/. 8094; Mém. Soc. Genéve 353: f. 72.

4. Ribes nigrum L. Sp. Pl. 201. 1753.

Stems unarmed, 1 m. high or less; young shoots puberulent. Leaves 3—-5-lobed, thin,
sparingly pubescent and resinous-dotted, mostly somewhat broader than long, cordate or
nearly truncate at the base, the lobes broadly ovate, sharply and irregularly serrate, the
pubescent petioles as long as the blades or longer; racemes pendulous, pubescent, few-
several-flowered, mostly shorter than the leaves ; pedicels 4-10 mm. long, longer than the
ovate-oblong acute bracts; ovary resinous-dotted ; hypanthium campanulate-urceolate ;
sepals oblong, obtuse, green, ascending at anthesis and recurved at about the middle, much
longer than the oblong reddish petals ; berries black, subglobose, 8-10 mm. in diameter.

TYPE LOCALITY: Sweden.

DISTRIBUTION: Locally escaped from cultivation in the Middle States.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Engl. Bot. £7. 1291; Fl. Dan. £1. 556, Loud. Arb. f. 734; Fl. Deuts. ed,
5, pl, 2288 ; Card, Bush Fruits /, 200.

5. Ribes bracteosum Dougl.; Hook. Fl. Bor. Am. 1: 233. 1832.
Ribes bracteosum viridifiorum Janez. Mém. Soc. Genéve 35: 339. 1907. .

Stems ascending, unarmed, 3 m. long or less, the young shoots, leaves and racemes
sparingly and loosely pubescent. Leaves thin, deeply 5-7-lobed, resinous-dotted beneath,
5-20 cm. wide, cordate at base, the lobes ovate to ovate-lanceolate, acute, sharply irregu-
larly serrate, their slender petioles often as long as the blades or longer; racemes narrow,
slender, erect, loosely-flowered, often 2 dm. long, commonly longer than the leaves; ped-
icels filiform, pubescent, erect-spreading, 1 cm. long or less; bracts spatulate, half as long
as the pedicels, or the lower longer, foliaceous, and often lobed; hypanthium urceolate-cra-
teriform, resinous-punctate; sepals green, spreading, veiny, ovate-oblong, obtuse, 3-4 mm.
long ; petals minute, obtuse; berry resinous-punctate, globose to globose-oblong, about 1
cm. in diameter, black with a whitish bloom when mature.

TYPE LOCALITY: At the confluence of the Columbia River with the ocean.
DISTRIBUTION: Along the coast, eastern Alaska to northern California.
ILLUSTRATIONS: Bot. Mag. pl. 7419; Mém. Soc. Genéve 353: f/f. 69

6. Ribes hudsonianum Richards. Bot. App. Frankl. Journey
ed. 2. 6. 1824.

Ribes hudsonianum canadense Jancz. Mém. Soc. Genéve 35 : 346. 1907.

Branches erect, unarmed. Petioles slender, 3-10 cm. long; leaves broader than long,
3-10 cm. wide, more or less pubescent and resinous-dotted beneath, cordate or subcordate,
3-5-lobed, the lobes ovate, obtuse or acutish, coarsely dentate; racemes loosely-flowered,
3-6 cm. long, pedicels 4 mm. long or less; flowers white, 4-6 mm. broad; ovary waxy-
dotted, smooth; hypanthium crateriform; sepals oval, obtuse, spreading; stamens short,
not exserted ; bracts setaceous, usually equaling or nearly equaling the pedicels; fruit globu-
lar, black, glabrous, 5-10 mm. in diameter.

TYPE LOCALITY: Wooded country in latitude 57°, subarctic America.

DISTRIBUTION : Hudson Bay to central Alaska, and southward in the interior of British Amer-
ica to eastern British Columbia and Ontario, entering the United States in northeastern Minnesota.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Britt. & Brown, Ill. Fl. f. 1873; Mém. Soc. Genéve 353: f. 76,

198 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLrumE 22

7. Ribes petiolare Doug]. Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 514. 1830.
Ribes hudsonianum petiolare Jancz. Mém. Soc. Genéve 35: 346. 1907.

Unarmed ; foliage glabrous, or slightly pubescent when young. Leavesthin, resinous-
dotted beneath, cordate, mostly 5-lobed, the lobes ovate, acute, sharply irregularly serrate,
their petioles slender, often longer than the blades; racemes erect, 5-12 cm. long, rather
densely-flowered or the lower flowers distant ; pedicels filiform, 3-6 mm. long, mostly much
longer than the very small pointed bracts; hypanthium hemispheric-crateriform, and like
the ovary resinous-dotted; sepals white, ovate, obtuse, puberulent, about 7 mm.long; berry
subglobose, black without bloom, about 1 cm. in diameter.

TYPE LOCALITY : Western base of the Rocky Mountains, lat. 48° to 52°.
DISTRIBUTION: From the interior of British Columbia to Montana, and southward to Wyom-
ing, Utah, and eastern Oregon.

8. Ribes vulgare Lam. Encyc. 3: 47. 1789.

Ribes vulgare hortense Lam. Encyc. 3: 48. 1789.
Ribes acerifolium K. Koch, Dendr. 1: 649; hyponym. 1869.
Ribes hortense Hedlund, Bot. Notiser 1901: 94. 1901.

An unarmed shrub, 1.5 m. high or less, the stems nearly erect, the young twigs, peti-
oles, and under leaf-surfaces more or less pubescent and with stalked glandular hairs.
Leaves thin, suborbicular in outline, cordate or subcordate at the base, little if at all decur-
rent on the petiole, dark-green and with some scattered hairs above, pale and pubescent at
least on the veins beneath, 3-lobed or 5-lobed, 7 cm. wide or less, the lobes acutish, serrate-
dentate, the slender petioles often as long as the blades or longer; racemes drooping, sev-
eral-many-flowered, as long as the leaves or shorter, sparingly pubescent ; pedicels filiform,
usually glandless, 3-5 mm. long, much longer than the ovate bracts ; hypanthium saucer-
shaped, green or slightly purple; sepals green, obtuse, spreading, 2-3 mm. long; petals
yellowish-green ; ovary glabrous ; filaments very short, the anther-sacs separated by a broad
connective, usually widely divergent; berry globose, red, shining, 1 cm. in diameter or
less.

TYPE LOCALITY: France.

DISTRIBUTION: Escaped from cultivation, Massachusetts to Ontario and Wisconsin, south to
Virginia, also Oregon and British Columbia.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Bot. Notiser 1901: 156, 7. 1, 2, Cycl. Am. Hort. f. 2778; C. K. Schneid.
ean Laubh. 1: f. 259 a-h ; Mém. Soc. Geneve 35°: i. 78 20 ; Britt. & Brown, ‘UL. FL. Sf. 1875 (as

rubrum).

9. Ribes triste Pall. Nova Acta Acad. Petrop. 10: 378. 1797.

Ribes albinervium Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 1: 110. 1803.

Ribes rubrum A. Gray, Man. 143, 1848. Not &. rubrum L,. 1753.

Ribes rubrum subglandulosum Maxim, Bull, Acad, St. Petersb. 19: 261. 1874.
Ribes rubrum albinervium MacM. Metasp. Minn. Valley 279. 1892.

Ribes ciliosum Howell, Fl. NW. Am. 1: 208. 1898,

Ribes migratorium Suksd. Deuts. Bot. Monats. 18: 86. 1900.

Ribes triste albinervium Fernald, Rhodora 9: 4. 1908.

Unarmed, the stems creeping or ascending, 1 m. high or less, the young shoots and
herbage sparingly pubescent and with few glandular hairs, or the under leaf-surface some-
times manifestly pubescent. Leaves thin, reniform-orbicular in outline, 6-10 cm. wide,
usually 3-lobed, sometimes 5-lobed, dark-green and commonly quite glabrous above, pale,
with conspicuous veins, and glabrate or pubescent beneath, the lobes acute or obtuse, coarsely
dentate-serrate, the base cordate with a wide sinus, or rarely subtruncate, usually conspicu-
ously decurrent on the petiole, the petioles mostly somewhat shorter than the blades, more
or less pubescent, mostly glandular-ciliate toward the base ; racemes drooping, somewhat
glandular, several-flowered, commonly shorter than the leaves; pedicels 3-8 mm. long,
much longer than the ovate bracts, usually bearing a few glands ; flowers purple or purplish-
tinged ; hypanthium saucer-shaped ; sepals obtuse, spreading ; petals red or reddish ; anther-
sacs contiguous, parallel or nearly so; ovary glabrous; berry smooth, red, 6-8 mm. in di-
ameter,

TYPE LOCALITY: Siberia

DISTRIBUTION: Newfoundland to Alaska, and south to New Jersey, Michigan, South Dakota,
and Oregon; also in northern Asia,

ILLUSTRATION : Mém. Soc. Genéve 35°: S. 24.

Part 3, 1908] GROSSULARIACEAE 199

10. Ribes erythrocarpum Coville & Leiberg, Proc. Biol.
Soc. Wash. 10: 132. 1896.

Branches trailing, rooting, unarmed, the ascending or upright shoots 2 dm. high or
less. Foliage and inflorescence finely pubescent and glandular, the glands short-stalked ;
leaves orbicular in outline or slightly wider than long, thin, cordate, 5 cm. wide or less,
rather deeply 3-5-lobed, the lobes obtuse, irregularly crenate and serrulate, the slender
petioles mostly somewhat shorter than the blades; racemes erect, 6-20-flowered ; bracts
lanceolate to obovate, persistent, about as long as the nearly erect pedicels; hypanthium
short; sepals spreading, about 3 mm. long, obtuse or acutish, yellow to salmon-colored,
puberulent without; petals spatulate, glabrous, colored like the sepals and one third to one
half their length; fruiting racemes erect, usually extending above the leaves; berry sub-
pyriform to globose, scarlet, 8-10 mm. long, without bloom, beset with short glandular hairs.

6 TYPE LOCALITY: Cafion of Pole Bridge Creek, south of Crater Lake, Cascade Mountains,
regon,

DISTRIBUTION: Cascade Mountains of southern Oregon, in Klamath, Jackson, and Douglas
counties, 1500 to 2250 meters altitude.

ILLUSTRATION : Mém. Soc. Genéve 353: f. #9.

11. Ribes acerifolium Howell, Erythea 3: 34. 1895.
Ribes Howellit Greene, Erythea 4: 57. 1896.

Stems unarmed, erect, about] m.high. Leaves rather broader than long, 4-8 cm. wide,
cordate, thin, 3-5-lobed, glabrous above, puberulent, at least on the veins, and more or less
resinous-dotted beneath, the lobes ovate, acutish or obtuse, irregularly serrate, the petioles
about as long as the blades or shorter, puberulent, dilated and glandular-ciliate at the base ;
racemes puberulent and often glandular, reflexed, several-flowered, about as long as the
leaves; pedicels curved upward, usually nearly as long as the lanceolate glandular bracts;
hypanthium short-urceolate; sepals obovate, obtuse, 3-4 mm. long, about 3 times as long
as the red spatulate petals; ovary with stalked glands; berry blue-black, with a bloom,
glandular, about 6-10 mm. in diameter.

TYPE LOCALITY: Mount Hood, Oregon.

DISTRIBUTION: Northern Oregon to southern British Columbia, at an elevation of 1500 to 2250 -
meters, in the Cascade Mountains and outlying peaks, and in the Olympic Mountains.

ILLUSTRATION: Mém. Soc. Genave 35°: £50.

12. Ribes glandulosum Grauer, Pl. Min. Cog. 2. 1784.
Ribes prostraium I,’Her. Stirp. Nov. 3. 1785.
Ribes rigens Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 1: 110. 1803.
Ribes trifidum Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 1: 110. 1803.

Branches decumbent or spreading, unarmed, 1 m. long or less. Leaves thin, fetid,
glabrous above, puberulent on the veins beneath, orbicular in outline or somewhat broader
than long, 3-8 em. wide, cordate, deeply 5-7-lobed, the lobes ovate, acute or acutish, irreg-
ularly incised-serrate, the slender petioles about as long as the blades, their dilated bases
often glandular-ciliate; racemes 8-12-flowered, ascending, shorter than the leaves, puberu-
lent; pedicels nearly filiform, puberulent and more or less glandular, much longer than the
narrow glandular bracts; hypanthium short-campanulate; sepals 2-2.5 mm. long, pubes-
cent without; petals rhombic with a broad claw, much longer than broad; ovary glandular-
hispid; berry red, glandular-bristly, 6-8 mm. in diameter.

TYPE LOCALITY: Labrador.

DISTRIBUTION : Newfoundland to Mackenzie, northern interior British Columbia, Athabasca,
Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Wisconsin, and North Carolina.

ILLUSTRATIONS : 1 Her. loc. cit. ‘pl. 2,; Mém. Soc. Genéve 32: £1. 2, f. 12; Loud. Arb. fi 731;
Schmidt, Arb. ee Hi Britt. & Brown, IL. Fl, J. 1872 ; Card, Bush’ Fruits J. 96; Mém. Soc.
Genave 358 : Sf. 6, F.

13. Ribes coloradense Coville, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 14: 3. 1901.
Ribes laxiflorum coloradense Jancz.; Vilmorin & Bois, Frutic. Vilm. Cat. Prim. 137. 1904.

Stems decumbent or procumbent, unarmed, the young shoots puberulent. Leaves thin,
slightly broader than long, 8 cm. wide or less, rather deeply cordate, mostly 5-lobed,

200 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLrumE 22

glabrous above, sometimes sparingly pubescent on the veins beneath and with minute
sessile glands, the lobes ovate or triangular-ovate, obtuse or acutish, irregularly crenate-
dentate, the rather stout petioles as long as the blades or shorter, puberulent, the dilated
base sparingly glandular-bristly ; racemes erect, minutely pubescent and glandular, 6-12-
flowered ; pedicels 4-15 mm. long, recurved-spreading, much longer than the linear-lance-
olate bracts, or the lowest bract sometimes foliaceous; hypanthium very short; sepals
greenish or purplish, 3-4 mm. long, spreading, glandular-hairy without; petals purplish,
fan-shaped, usually broader than long, 1.5-2 mm. broad; ovary glandular-pubescent ; berry
black without bloom, sparingly glandular-pubescent, about 10 mm. in diameter.

TYPE LOCALITY: Marshall Pass, Colorado (3150 meters).
DISTRIBUTION: Mountains of Colorado and northern New Mexico, at 3000-3600 meters elevation.
ILLUSTRATION : Mém. Soc. Genéve 353: f. 48.

14. Ribes laxiflorum Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. 731. 1814.

Ribes americanum Pall. Fl. Ross. 12: 34. 1788. Not &. americanum Mill. 1768.

Ribes affine Dougl. ; Bong. Mém. Acad. St. Petersb, VI. 2: 138. 1832. Not &. affine H.B. K, 1823.
Ribes prostratum lax iflorum Loud. Arb. 981. 1836.

Ribes laxiflorum inerme Kuttz, Bot. Jahrb. 19: 379. 1894.

Stems decumbent, unarmed, the young shoots puberulent. Leaves nearly orbicular in
outline, 5-10 cm. wide, thin, cordate, deeply 5-lobed, glabrous above, somewhat pubes-
cent beneath, at least when young, and the margin sparingly ciliate, the lobes ovate, acute
or acutish, sharply or rather bluntly serrate, the rather slender petioles about as long as the
blades, puberulent or pubescent, the dilated basal part glandular-pubescent ; racemes erect-
spreading, 6-12-flowered, pubescent and glandular, as long as the leaves or shorter; pedi-
cels 6-12 mm. long, much longer than the lanceolate bracts; sepals 3-4 mm. long, not
glandular-pubescent, obtuse; hypanthium very short; ovary pubescent and glandular-hairy,
or the glandular hairs rarely obsolete; petals fan-shaped, little, if any, broader than long ;
berry black or dark-purple, glandular-pubescent, glaucous.

TYPE LOCALITY: Northwest coast of North America.

DISTRIBUTION : Northern California to Alaska near the coast, in British Columbia extending
eastward to the Selkirk and Rocky mountains; also in eastern Asia.

ILLUSTRATIONS: C. K. Schneid. Handb. Laubh. 1: f. 268 6; Mém. Soc. Genéve 353 :-f. 45.

15. Ribes cereum Dougl. Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 512. 1830.

Cerophylium Douglasiit Spach, Hist. Vég. 6: 153. 1838,
Ribes balsamiferum Kellogg, Proc. Calif. Acad. 2: 94, 1861.
Ribes cereum farinosum Jancz. Mém. Soc. Genéve 35: 338. 1907.

A much-branched shrub, 1 m. high or less, unarmed, the young shoots finely pubescent.
Leaves reniform-orbicular, 14 cm. wide, cordate, subcordate, or truncate at the base, pu-
berulent and somewhat glandular, or the upper surface nearly or quite glabrous, 3-5-lobed,
the lobes obtuse, crenate or crenulate, the puberulent petioles as long as the blades or
shorter ; racemes short, compact, puberulent, few-flowered, pendulous, little, if at all, longer
than the leaves; bracts cuneate-obovate, obtuse or truncate, lobed or dentate, pubescent and
glandular, 4-7 mm. long, much longer than the nearly obsolete pedicels ; ovary glandular
or smooth; hypanthium tubular, pubescent, 6-8 mm. long, 3 or 4 times as long as thick,
white, greenish, or cream-colored; sepals ovate, about 2 mm. long; anthers with a cup- -
shaped apical gland; petals nearly orbicular, minute; styles usually hairy above; berry
bright-red, 6-7 mm. in diameter.

TYPE LOCALITY: On decayed granite or schist along the Columbia River, from the Great Falls
[the Dalles] to the source of that stream.

DISTRIBUTION: California to Washington and the interior of British Columbia, western
Montana, Idaho, Nevada, southwestern Utah, and northwestern Arizona.

ILLUSTRATIONS : Bot. ae Bl. 1263 ; Bot. Mag. pl, 3008 ; Loud. Arb. f. 737; Kellogg, loc. ctt.
SJ. 25; Janez. loc. cit. f. 68

16. Ribes reniforme Nutt. Jour. Acad. Phila. 7: 25. 1834.
Ribes cereum pedicellare A. Gray, Bot. Calif. 1: 207. 1876.

A robust shrub, commonly 1.5-2.5 m. high, the one-year-old twigs glabrous and usually
red-brown. Leaf-blades reniform-orbicular, commonly 2.5-4 or even 5 cm. wide, cordate,

Part 3, 1908] GROSSULARIACEAE 201

subcordate, or even truncate at the base, 3-5-lobed, crenate-dentate, with sessile exudating
glands on both surfaces, devoid of pubescence, the petioles glabrous and of about the same
length as the blades; racemes commonly 4-7-flowered, nearly as long as the leaves, the
rachis glabrous ; bracts light-green, about 5 mm. long, rhombic-lanceolate to rhombic-obo-
vate, entire or nearly so, glandular but not pubescent; pedicels 2-5 mm. long, glandular
but not pubescent ; ovary with short-stalked glands ; hypanthium cream-white, about 8 mm.
long and 2.5 mm. in diameter, with stalked glands but no pubescence; sepals colored like
the -hypanthium, about 2mm. in length, oblong, recurved ; petals white, reniform-orbicular,
half the length of the sepals or less, equaled or slightly exceeded by the anthers; style
usually glabrous ; berry red, globose, about 6-8 mm. in diameter.

TYPE LOCALITY : Sources of the Columbia.
DISTRIBUTION : Western Montana to the eastern part of the Blue Mountain region of Oregon
and Washington.

17. Ribes inebrians Lindl. Bot. Reg. p/. 7477. 1832.

Cerophylium inebrians Spach, Hist. Vég. 6: 154. 1838.
Ribes Spadthianum Koehne, Gartenflora 48 : 338. 1899,

Ribes cereum viridior Cockerell, Nature 66: 174. 1902.

Ribes Churchit Nelson & Kennedy, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 19: 36. 1906.

Ribes pumilum Nutt.; Rydb. Fl. Colo. 177. 1906.

Ribes inebrians maius Jancz. Mém. Soc. Genéve 35: 336. 1907.

Ribes inebrians Spathianum Jancz..Mém. Soc. Genéve 35 : 336. 1907.

Similar to 2. ceveum, the twigs and foliage almost identical with those of that species.
Racemes few-flowered, pendulous, mostly shorter than the leaves, puberulent and usually
glandular; bracts rhombic, acute or obtuse, 5-7 mm. long, much longer than the pedicels,
entire-margined or occasionally with a lateral lobe or tooth, usually glandular-ciliate ; hy-
panthium tubular, 5-8 mm. long, 3 to 4 times longer than thick, usually pink or pinkish ;
sepals ovate, acutish, about 2mm. long ; ovary with stalked glands ; styles usually glabrous ;
berry bright-red, glandular or rarely smooth, 6-8 mm. in diameter.

TYPE LOCALITY: Not given; described from cultivated plants.

DISTRIBUTION: Northeastern Nevada, eastern Idaho, and Montana to South Dakota, western
Nebraska, New Mexico, Arizona, and the Sierra Nevada of middle California.

ILLUSTRATIONS : Lindl. loc. cit.; Loud. Arb. f. 736; Britt. & a Ill. Fl f. 1876 (as R.
cereum) ; Card, Bush Fruits /. 701 (as R. cereum) ; Janez. loc. cit. f. 6

18. Ribes mescalerium Coville, Proc. Biol. Soc.
Wash. 13: 196. 1900.
Ribes inebrians mescalerium Jancz, Mém. Soc. Genéve 35: 336. 1907.

An erect, unarmed, much-branched shrub, 1-2 m. high, the young twigs glandular-
hairy. Leaves reniform-orbicular in outline, 1.5-3.5 cm. wide, mostly somewhat wider
than long, broadly cuneate to cordate at the base, 3-5-lobed, glandular-pubescent and usu-
ally with some simple hairs on both surfaces, the lobes obtuse, crenate-dentate, the petioles
as long as the blades or shorter, pubescent and often glandular ; racemes pendulous, about
as long as the leaves, closely 2-4-flowered, pubescent and glandular; bracts obovate, dentate
toward the obtuse apex, 3-7 mm. long, much longer than the pedicels ; hypanthium 5-6 mm.
long, about 3 mm. thick, nearly cylindric, glandular-pubescent, greenish-white, about twice
as long as the ovate-oblong sepals; petals rounded, white, 2mm. long; style glabrous;
berry globose, sparingly glandular-pubescent, black, without bloom, 10 mm. in diameter or
less.

TYPE LOCALITY: Fresnal, Otero County, New Mexico.
DISTRIBUTION : Sacramento and Guadalupe mountains of southeastern New Mexico and west-

ern Texas,
19. Ribes ceriferum Coville & Rose, in Rose, Centr.

U.S. Nat. Herb. 8: 298. 1905.

A shrub 1-3 m. high, the bark of older branches dark-brown, that of the somewhat
pubescent aud glandular young twigs pale-brown. Leaves thin, suborbicular in outline,
2-5 em. broad, 3-lobed, glabrous or very nearly so above, puberulent on the veins beneath,
both surfaces bearing sessile glands, the lobes rounded, crenate-dentate, the slender pubes-

202 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [Vo.ume 22

cent petioles bearing short-stalked glands; racemes as long as the leaves or shorter, 3-10-
flowered; peduncles puberulent and with short-stalked glands; bracts obovate, pubescent
and glandular-ciliate, 3-5 mm. long; pedicels filiform, 6-10 mm. long; ovary with a few
stalked glands; hypanthium 34 mm. long, pubescent, deep-red, slightly exceeded by the
deep-red pubescent sepals; stamens half the length of the sepals, about as long as the red
petals, the oblong anthers tipped by a depressed gland ; berry black, glabrous.

TYPE LOCALITY : Mount Mohinora, Chihuahua.
DISTRIBUTION : Chihuahua and Durango.

20. Ribes neglectum Rose, Contr. U. S. Nat.
Herb. 8: 298. 1905.

An unarmed shrub, 1.5 m. high or less, the young branches finely pubescent and with
some glandular hairs. Leaves rather broader than long, 2-4 cm. wide, stibcordate or nearly
truncate at the base, rather firm in texture, 3-5-lobed, dark-green and with scattered stiff
glandular hairs above, paler and with both simple and glandular pubescence on the veins
beneath, the lobes short, rounded, crenate-dentate, the strongly glandular-pubescent peti~-
oles shorter than the blades; racemes spreading, or in fruit pendulous, 6-12-flowered, about
as long as the leaves, glandular-pubescent; pedicels 2-6 mm. long; bracts ovate, acute,
rather longer than the pedicels; hypanthium greenish, pubescent, 2-3 mm. long, a little
shorter than the ovate sepals; petals broad, crenate; ovary with scattered gland-tipped
hairs, otherwise smooth; berry smooth, black, 8-10 mm. in diameter.

TYPE LOCALITY: Alvarez, San Luis Potosi.
DISTRIBUTION : Type locality and vicinity.

21. Ribes Pringlei Rose, Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 8: 298. 1905.

Ribes campanulatum H. & B.; R. & S. Syst. Veg. 5: 500. 1819. Not. campanulatum Moench, 1794.

An unarmed shrub, with glabrous shining branches, the young twigs somewhat puberu-
lent. Leaves about as broad as long, thin, cordate at the base, 8 cm. wide or less, 3-lobed
or rarely 5-lobed, dark-green and with scattered stiff glandular hairs above, pale-green and
with similar hairs on the veins beneath, the ovate acutish or obtuse lobes rather finely and
sharply serrate, the petioles glandular-pubescent, mostly shorter than the blades; racemes
drooping, 8-12-flowered, longer than the leaves, sometimes 12 cm. long, glandular-pubes-
cent; pedicels 6-8 mm. long; bracts obovate-oblong, obtuse, entire, glandular-pubescent
and ciliate, mostly longer than the pedicels, the lower sometimes 1.5cm. long; hypanthium
tubular-campanulate, greenish-purple, sparingly glandular-pubescent, 6-8 mm. long, 3.5-
4.5 mm. thick; sepals lanceolate, acute, 4-5 mm. long, sparingly glandular-pubescent ;
petals about half as long as the sepals, about as broad as long; ovary glandular-pubescent.

TYPE LOCALITY ; Sierra de Ajusco, Federal District, Mexico. -
DISTRIBUTION : "Type locality and vicinity
ILLUSTRATION : Mém. Soc. Genéve 353: % 60, 61. '

22. Ribes viscosissimum Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. 163. 1814.

Coreosma viscosissima Spach, Ann. Sci. Nat. Il. 4: 23. 1835.
Ribes viscosissimum Purshit Jancz, Mém. Soc. Genéve 35: 328. 1907.

An unarmed shrub, 1 m. high or less, the young shoots and inflorescence puberulent
and glandular-pubescent. Leaves reniform-orbicular in outline, mostly 5-lobed, pubescent
and glandular-pubescent on both sides, 5-8 cm. broad, the lobes short, broad, rounded,
irregularly crenate-dentate, the densely glandular-pubescent petioles mostly rather shorter
than the blades and much dilated at the base ; racemes spreading or ascending, few-several-
flowered, often as long as the leaves or longer; pedicels 1 cm, long or less, usually as long as
or a little longer than the herbaceous oblanceolate entire or minutely erose bracts; hypan-
thium cylindric-campanulate, 6-7 mm. long, greenish or pinkish; sepals greenish-white
or pinkish, about as long as the hypanthium, oblong, obtuse or rarely acute, sparingly, if
at all, glandular; ovary glandular-pubescent; berry black, without bloom, more or less
glandular-bristly, about 1 cm. in diameter, almost dry.

TYPE LOCALITY: Rocky Mountains.

DISTRIBUTION : Montana to British Columbia, Colorado, and California.

pry cae Hook. Fl. Bor. Am. pi. 76; Loud, Arb. ft 738 ; Card, Bush Fruits f. 107 ; Jancz.
loc. cit. 6.

Part 3, 1908] GROSSULARIACKAE 2038

23. Ribes Hallii Jancz. Bull. Acad. Cracovie 1906: 9. 1906.
Ribes viscosissimum Hallii Jancz, Mém. Soc. Genéve 35: 328. 1907.

Similar to R. viscosissimum, the young shoots glandular-pubescent. Leaves rather firm
in texture, reniform-orbicular, 3-5-lobed, deeply cordate at the base, 2-5 cm. broad, pu-
bescent and with stalked glands, the lobes short, rounded, crenate or crenulate, the petioles
pubescent and with stalked glands; racemes nodding, as long as the leaves or shorter, the
rather stout peduncles pubescent and with stalked glands, 4~10-flowered ; bracts oblong-
lanceolate to obovate, 8-12 mm. long, pubescent and with stalked glands, mostly longer
than the pedicels; ovary glabrous, rarely with a few glands; hypanthium cylindric-cam-
panulate, pubescent, greenish, 7-8 mm. long, 5-6 mm. in diameter; sepals usually
purple-margined, shorter than the hypanthium ; petals white, about half as long as the
sepals and equaling the stamens ; berry covered with a light-blue bloom.

TYPE LOCALITY: Northern California.
DISTRIBUTION: Southern Oregon, northern California, and western Nevada. Perhaps a sttb-
species of 2. viscosissimum.
N

24. Ribes Dugesii Greenman, Proc. Am. Acad. 39: 78. 1903.

A much-branched shrub, the young branches with glabrous or slightly pubescent red-
dish-brown bark. Leaves ovate-orbicular in outline, shallowly and bluntly 3-5-lobed,
crenate-dentate, obtuse to cordate at base, sparingly glandular on both sides, the petioles
1-3 cm. long, pubescent, and with short-stipitate glands, 3-6 cm. long, bearing several
flowers; bracts herbaceous, obovate, toothed, stipitate-glandular, 3-4 mm. long; ovary
smooth; hypanthium subcampanulate, about 2 mm. long, whiteor pinkish; sepals nearly
white, oblong, about 3 mm. long; petals subreniform, entire, white, about 2 mm. long
and wide; stamens as long as the petals, the filaments about equaling the anthers.

TYPE LOCALITY: Mountains of Santa Rosa, near Guanajuato, Mexico.
DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality.

25. Ribes Orizabae Rose, Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 8: 339. 1905.

Unarmed ; young shoots, inflorescence, petioles, and leaf-margins somewhat glandular-
pubescent. Leaves broadly ovate or suborbicular in outline, thin, cordate at the base, rather
deeply 3-lobed, or some of them 5-lobed, dark-green and glabrous above, dull-green and
glandular-pubescent on the veins beneath, the lobes acute, sharply and irregularly serrate ;
petioles as ‘long as the blades or shorter; racemes spreading or pendulous, 8-12-flowered ;
pedicels 5-8 mm. long ; bracts lanceolate, acute, glandular, equaling the pedicels, or longer,
the lower ones serrate ; hypanthium short-cylindric or slightly urceolate, about 4 mm. long,
pubescent; sepals pubescent, spreading, somewhat shorter than the hypanthinm; ovary
glabrous. .

TYPE LOCALITY: Orizaba, Mexico.
DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality.

26. Ribes affine H.B.K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 6: 60. 1823.

Ribes multifiorum H.B.K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 6: 60. 1823. Not &. multiforum Willd. 1813.
Ribes Kunthii Berland. Mém. Soc. Gen@ve 3?: 60. 1826. .

Ribes mexicanum Spreng. Syst. 4: Cur. Post. 100. 1827.

Coreosma affinis Spach, Ann. Sci. Nat. II. 4: 24. 1835.

Coreosma multiflora Spach, Ann. Sci. Nat. II. 4: 24, 1835.

Ribes Altamirani Jancz. Bull. Acad. Cracovie 1906: 10. 1906. (As to Pringle 6904.)

Unarmed, 1-3 m. high, the young twigs puberulent or glabrous. Leaves thin, broadly
ovate to orbicular in outline, often rather longer than broad, 4.5 cm. wide or less, 3-lobed
or sometimes 5-lobed, sparingly pubescent above but not glandular, even on the margin,
pubescent on the veins beneath, the lobes ovate, mostly acute, irregularly dentate, the
slender petioles as long as the blades or longer, puberulent, the dilated base bearing a few
glandular hairs; racemes pendulous, 6-12-flowered, shorter than the leaves; pedicels
pubescent, 5-8 mm. long, longer than or exceeded by the pubescent, oblong-lanceolate,
somewhat glandular-hairy bracts; hypanthium campanulate, 2-3 mm. long; sepals oblong,

204 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 22

acutish, reflexed, 34 mm. long, pubescent without; ovary glabrous; petals nearly orbic-
ular, 1.5 mm, long; berry blue-black, smooth, about 8 mm. in diameter.

TYPE LOCALITY: Near Moran, Mexico.
DISTRIBUTION : States of Hidalgo and Queretaro.
ILLUSTRATION: Mém. Soc. Genéve 353: f, 65.

27. Ribes rugosum Coville & Rose, in Rose, Contr. U.S. Nat.

Herb. 8: 300. 1905.
Ribes grande Rose, Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 8: 339. 1905.

An unarmed sbrub, 2-3.5 m. high, the young shoots glabrous or puberulent, and with
sessile glands. leaves suborbicular in outline, 3-5 cm. wide, 3-lobed or sometimes 5-lobed,
rounded, truncate, or cordate at base with an open sinus, glabrous above, pubescent and
almost glandless beneath, the puberulent and glandular petioles mostly shorter than the
blades, the lobes obtuse, irregularly crenate-dentate ; base of the petiole sometimes bearing
stalked glands; racemes drooping, 7-12-flowered, pubescent ; pedicels 3-6 mm. long, pu-
bescent, mostly shorter than the oblong-laticeolate, pubescent, and glandular bracts ;
hypanthium pubescent, short-cylindric, about 3.5 mm. long; sepals oblong, greenish,
obtuse, 2.5-3 mm. long ; petals orbicular, clawed, about 2mm. long; ovary glabrous ; berry
globose-oblong, smooth, bluish-black.

TYPE LOCALITY: Santa Fé, Valley of Mexico.
DISTRIBUTION: States of Mexico and Puebla.
ILLUSTRATION : Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 8: fl. 66.

28. Ribes ciliatum H. & B.; R. & S. Syst. Veg. 5: 500. 1819.
Ribes jorullense H.B.K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 6: 61. 1823.

An unarmed shrub, 3-5 m. high, the stems sometimes 13 cm. in diameter, the young
shoots glandular-pubescent. Leaves nearly orbicular in outline, 9 cm. wide or less, deeply
cordate at the base with a usually closed sinus, 3-5-lobed, the upper surface glabrate or with
some scattered glandular hairs, the under surface rather densely glandular-pubescent, the
lobes acute or acutish, finely irregularly dentate, the petioles as long as the blades or
shorter, densely glandular-pubescent; racemes pendulous, about as long as the leaves,
about 10-flowered, finely pubescent and glandular; pedicels 4-7 mm. long; bracts oblong-
lanceolate, mostly longcr than the pedicels, glandular; hypanthium pubescent, short-cylin-
dric, 4-5 mm. long; sepals oblong, obtusish, greenish-white, 3-4 mm. long, pubescent;
ovary glabrous; berry globose, glabrous, about 8 mm. in diameter.

TYPE LOCALITY: Not cited. :
DISTRIBUTION: High mountains of central and southern Mexico.

29. Ribes chihuahuense Britton, Torreya 7: 102. 1907.

Branches smooth, gray. Leaves ovate to suborbicular in outline, the blades 2-2.5 cm.
long, dull dark-green above, pale-green beneath, broadly cuneate to subtruncate at the base,
3-lobed, glabrous on both sides, papillose above when young, sparingly ciliate on the margin,
the lobes few-toothed, acutish or obtuse; petioles as long as the blades or shorter, pubescent
when young ; racemes 3-5-flowered, alittle longer than the leaves, the axis densely pubes-
cent ; flowers sessile or very nearly so; bracts ovate-elliptic, obtuse, ciliate, 5-7 mm. long;
hypanthium nearly cylindric, 1 cm. long ; sepals oblong, obtuse, 6-7 mm. long; petals ovate-
oblong, acute, a little more than half as long as the sepals.

TyPE Locality: Chihuahua, Mexico,
DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality.

30. Ribes aureum Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. 164. 1814.

Ribes jasminifiorum Agardh, Sv. Landtbr. Akad. Ann. 9: 143. 1823.

Ribes flavum Berland. Mém. Soc. Genéve 37: 60. 1826.

Ribes tenuiflorum Lindl. Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 242, 1828,

Ribes inodorum Tink, Handb. 2: 7. 1831.

Chrysobotrya intermedia Spach, Ann. Sci. Nat. II. 4: 19. 1835.
Chrysobotrya Lindleyana Spach, Ann. Sci. Nat. I]. 4: 20. 1835.

Ribes aureum tenuifiorum Torr. Pacif. R. R. Rep. 4: 88. 1857.

Ribes leiobotrys Koehne, Deuts. Dendr. 192. 1893.

Ribes aureum chrysococcum Rydb. Fl, Neb. 21: 71. 1895.

Ribes aureum leiobotrys Zabel, Handb. Laubh. Deuts. Dendr. Ges. 143. 1903.

Part 3, 1908] GROSSULARIACEAE 205

Glabrous throughout or foliage and inflorescence pubescent. Leaves reniform-orbicular
to obovate in outline, firm in texture, variously lobed and dentate, cuneate, rounded, or
subcordate at the base, 5cm. wide or less, the petioles about as long as the blades ; racemes
5-15-flowered, 3-7 cm. long; bracts oblong to obovate, 5-12 mm. long, mostly longer than
the pedicels; hypanthium 6-10 mm. long; sepals 5-8 mm. long; petals oblong, erose,
about 2 mm. long; berry globose, red, black, or yellow, 6-8 mm. in diameter.

TYPE LOCALITY: Banks of the Columbia River.

DISTRIBUTION: Washington and Oregon to Assiniboia, Montana, and the Black Hills of South
Dakota, south to Nevada, California, Arizona, and New Mexico.

ILLUSTRATIONS : Agardh, loc. cit. ; Spach, loc. cit. pl. 1, f. B, C. ; Spach, Hist. Vég. pl. 47, f.
2; Bot. Reg. pl. 1274; Mém. Accad. Torino 33: pl. 1, f. A a Mém. Soc. Genave 3?: pl. 2, f. 24
(as R. ebracteatum) ; Loud. Arb. f. 744; Card, Bush Fruits /. 109.

31. Ribes gracillimum Coville & Britton, sp. nov.

Glabrous or very nearly so throughout, sometimes with a few hairs on the petiole-bases,
much branched, the young twigs gray, the older branches brown. Leaves ovate to sub-
orbicular in outline, at flowering time not over 2 cm. wide, rather thin in texture, 3-lobed
and sparingly dentate, mostly cuneate, but some of them subtruncate at the base, the
slender petioles as long as the blades or shorter, often bearing very small sessile glands;
racemes 5-15-flowered, 5 cm. long or less, short-peduncled; bracts ovate to elliptic, 5-9
mim. long, mostly equaling or longer than the pedicels; hypanthium 6-8 mm. long; sepals
oval, 3-4 mm. long; petals obovate, erose, about two thirds as long as the sepals.

Type collected at Stanford University, California, April, 1901, 4. D. B. Elmer 3025.
DISTRIBUTION : Central and southern California.

32. Ribes odoratum Wendl. in Bartl. & Wendl. Beitr. 2: 15. 1825.

Ribes longifiorum Nutt.; Lindl. Bot. Reg. 2: sub fi. 125, as synonym. 1816.

Ribes aureum villosum Berland. Mém. Soc. Genéve 3?: 60, 1826.

Ribes flavum Colla, Mém. Accad. Torino 33: 114. 1828. Not &. favum Berland. 1826.
Ribes aureum praecox Lindl, Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 240. 1828,

Ribes palmatum Thory, Monog. Gen. Gros. 28. 1829.

Ribes fragrans Todd. Bot. Cab. pl. 1533. 1829. Not R. fragrans Pall. 1797.
Chrysobotrya revoluta Spach, Ann. Sci. Nat. II. 4: 19. 1835.

Ribes Oregoni Herinceq, Hortic. Fr. 1872: 227. 1.8. 1872.

Ribes aureum melanococcum Jancz. Mém. Soc. Genéve 35: 334. 1907.

A shrub 2 m. high or less, the bark of old branches gray, the young shoots pubescent.
Leaves firm in texture, ovate to reniform-orbicular in outline, cuneate to truncate at the
base, 2-5 cm. broad, deeply 3-5-lobed and coarsely dentate or crenate-dentate, glabrate on
both sides, mostly longer than the pubescent petioles ; racemes mostly 4-8-flowered, as long
as the leaves or longer, the rachis pubescent; bracts ovate to oval, foliaceous, longer than
the pubescent or rarely glabrous pedicels, the lower sometimes 1.5 cm. long; hypanthium
12-15 mm. long; sepals oblong, 5-6 mm. long; petals 2-3 mm. long, lobed or erose; berry
black, globose to oval, about 8 mm. in diameter.

TYPE LOCALITY: North America, near the Missouri River.

DISTRIBUTION: In the Great Plains from South Dakota to Texas; frequently escaped from
cultivation elsewhere.

JLLUSTRATIONS : Bot. Reg. #/. 125; Mém. Soc. Genéve 3?: pl. 2, f. 23; Loud. Arb. %. 742 ;
Card, Bush Fruits f 108; C. K. Schneid. Handb. Laubh. 1: S. 265 a Britt, & Brown, Ill. FL
S. 1877 (all as R. aureum): Bot. Cab. pl. 1537 ; Spach, loc. cit. pl. 1, f. A ; Colla, loc. cit. pl. 1, f. B.

33. Ribes fontinale Britton, sp. nov.

Young twigs puberulent. Leaves rather firm in texture, small, 3 cm. wide or less,
mostly 3-lobed, ciliolate, cuneate to subtruncate at the base, the lobes entire or few-toothed,
the petioles densely puberulent; racemes 4~7-flowered, 3-4 cm. long, the rachis densely
puberulent; bracts oblong to oval, acute, puberulent, foliaceous, 5-8 mm. long, as long as
or exceeding the glabrous pedicels; hypanthium very slender, about 9 mm. long; sepals
oblong, obtuse, 4 mm. long; petals obovate, obtuse, erose, about 2mm. long; immature
berry globose, 6 mm. in diameter.

Type collected at Semeleque Springs (now Samalayuca), 30 miles south of El Paso (in Chi-
huahua), /. WZ. Bigelow, Mexican Boundary Survey 700.

206 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 22

34. Ribes tortuosum Benth. Bot. Voy. Sulph. 17. 1844.
Ribes Palmeri Vasey & Rose, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 11: 529, 1889.

A much-branched unarmed shrub, 1.2 m. high or less, the young shoots and petioles
whitish-puberulent, the flowers unfolding before the leaves. Leaves glandular, nearly
orbicular in outline, thin, 1.5-3 cm. broad, cordate or subcordate at the base, slightly
5-lobed, finely puberulent on both sides, the lobes rounded, irregularly crenate; racemes
1-2 cm. long, 8-12-flowered, the peduncle short, stiff; pedicels divaricate, stiff, about 2
mm. long, as long as the bracts; hypanthium cylindric, glabrous, or sparingly glandular-
hairy, 2-4 mm. long, longer than the oblong to obovate, reflexed-spreading sepals; petals
ovate, minute, much shorter than the sepals, barely 1 mm. long, equaling the stamens;
ovary glandular-pubescent ; berry red, smooth, 6-8 mm. in diameter.

TYPE LOCALITY: San Quentin, Lower California.
DISTRIBUTION: Lower California.

35. Ribes americanum Mill. Gard. Dict. ed. 8. no. 4. 1768.

Ribes Dillenii Medic. Beobacht. 1782: 396. 1783.

Ribes floridum 1, Her. Stirp. Nov. 4. 1785.

Ribes nigrum pennsylvanicum Marsh. Arbust. 132. 1785.

Ribes americanum nigrum Moench, Verz. Ausl. Baume 104. 1785.
Ribes pennsylvanicum Lam. Encyc. 3: 49, 1789.

Ribes campanulatum Moench, Meth. 683. 1795.

Ribes recurvatum Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 1: 109. 1803.

Coreosma florida Spach, Ann. Sci. Nat. II. 4: 22. 1835.

Ribes floridum grandifiorum Loud. Arb. 986. 1836.

Ribes foridum parvifiorum Loud. Arb. 986. 1836.

An unarmed shrub, 1-1.5 m. high, the stems erect or nearly so, the young shoots some-
what pubescent and glandular-dotted. Leaves snborbicular or reniform-orbicular in out-
line, or some of the upper ones ovate, thin, cordate at base with a widely open sinus, or sub-
truncate, 3-8 cm. wide, 3-5-lobed, glabrous above when mature, more or less pubescent, at
least on the veins, and glandular-dotted beneath, the lobes acute, or sometimes obtuse, ser-
rate-dentate, the slender petioles more or less pubescent, often long-ciliate toward the base;
racemes drooping, as long as the leaves or shorter, pubescent, several-flowered, the axis
flexuous; pedicels 4-7 mm. long; bracts linear to linear-lanceolate, acute, persistent, longer
than the pedicels or sometimes shorter; ovary glabrous; hypanthium yellowish-green to
greenish-white, sparingly pubescent, 3-4 mm. long, urceolate-cylindric; sepals of the same
color, pubescent, obtuse, a little longer than the hypanthium; petals oblong, colored like
the sepals, and about two thirds as long, about as long asthe stamens; fruit black, smooth,
6-10 mm, in diameter.

TYPE LOCALITY : Pennsylvania.

DISTRIBUTION: Nova Scotia to Virginia, Nebraska, Wyoming, Montana, Alberta, and Assini-
poia; also in New Mexico.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Dill. Hort. Elth. p/. 244, f 315; Guimp. Otto & Hayne, Abb. Holz. fi. 7;
Moench, Joc. cit. pl, 6; Mém. Soc. Genéve 3?: pl. 2, f. 22; Loud. Arb. f. 735 ; Britt. & Brown, Iil.
Fl. 7. 1874; Card, Bush Fruits (, 107; Mém. Soc. Gen@ve 353: f. 81.

36. Ribes Nelsoni Coville & Rose, in Rose, Contr. U. S. Nat.
Herb. 8: 297. 1905.
Ribes floridum puberulum Janez, Mém. Soc. Genéve 35: 352. 1907.

Similar to R, americanum, unarmed, 1-2 m. high. Foliage abundantly dotted
with large sessile golden-yellow glands; leaf-blades reniform-orbicular, 6 cm. wide or less,
3-5-lobed, the lobes acute, serrate-dentate; petioles pubescent and glandular; racemes
drooping, 6-10-flowered, the linear-oblanceolate bracts longer than the pedicels, abun-
dantly glandular-dotted on the lower side; ovary glabrous, or with a few scattered hairs
when young; hypanthium cylindric-urceolate, canary-yellow, pubescent, about 4 mm. long;
sepals obtuse, 5-6 mm. long, canary-yellow, pubescent ; petals oblong, obtuse, yellow, some-
what shorter than the sepals and longer than the stamens,

TYPE LOCALITY : Colonia Garcia, Chihuahua, Mexico.
DISTRIBUTION : Type locality and vicinity.

Parr 3, 1908] GROSSULARIACEAE 207

37. Ribes Brandegei Eastw. Proc. Calif. Acad. III.
Bot. 2: 242. 1902.

Stems erect, the older dark-brown, the young twigs with short gland-tipped bristles.
Leaves reniform-orbicular, thin, 3-lobed, irregularly and rather finely dentate, cordate at
the base, 3-5 cm. broad, sparsely glandular-pubescent on both sides and on the slender
petioles; peduncles nearly as long as the leaves, pubescent and with gland-tipped hairs,
erect or spreading, bearing toward the end 3-10 short-pedicelled flowers ; bracts obovate to
oblanceolate, membranous, pubescent and glandular-ciliate, 5-8 mm. long, longer than the
pedicels ; ovary glabrous; hypanthium rose-purple, short-cylindric, about 4 mm. long and
3 mm. in diameter, puberulent ; sepals oblong-obovate, rose-purple, puberulent, about as long
as the hypanthium; petals spatulate-orbicular, about 2 mm. long, white, short-clawed ;
stamens about 1.5 mm. long, the anthers oblong, bluntly mucronate; berry globular,
glabrous.

TYPE LOCALITY: Sierra de Laguna, Lower California.
DISTRIBUTION: Type locality and vicinity.
ILLUSTRATION: Eastw. loc. cit. pl. 23, f. 1.

38. Ribes Wolfii Rothr. Am. Nat. 8: 358. 1874.
Ribes mogollonicum Greene, Bull. Torrey Club 8: 121. 1881.

Unarmed, 3.5 m. high or less, the young shoots finely puberulent, or almost glabrous.
Leaves thin, suborbicular in outline, 3-5-lobed, 4-9 cm. wide, cordate with an open sinus,
glabrous above, usually somewhat puberulent on the veins and with sessile glands beneath,
the lobes obtuse or acutish, serrate-dentate, the slender petioles puberulent and more or
less glandular; racemes erect, few-several-flowered, the puberulent and glandular peduncles
as long as the petioles or longer; pedicels 6-8 mm. long; bracts oblong or oblong-spatulate,
about as long as the pedicels; ovary densely glandular-bristly ; hypanthium puberulent,
1.5 mm. long; sepals greenish-white, ovate-oblong, veiny, 3-4 mm. long, spreading;
petals white, spatulate, much shorter than the sepals; stamens about half as long as the
sepals; berry black, sometimes with a bloom, glandular-bristly, 8-12 mm. in diameter.

TYPE LOCALITY : Twin Lakes and Mosquito Pass, Colorado.

DISTRIBUTION : Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Bot. Mag. pl. 8120; C. K. Schneid. Handb. Laubh. 1: f. 265 r (as R. varie-
gatum); Mém. Soc. Genéve 353: f/. 52.

a
39. Ribes nevadense Kellogg, Proc. Calif. Acad. 1: 63. 1855.
"Ribes Sanguineum variegatum S. Wats. Bot. King’s Expl. 100. 1871.
Ribes variegatum A, Nelson, Key Rocky Mt. Reg. 34. 1902.
Ribes ascendens Eastw. Proc, Calif. Acad. III. Bot. 2: 244. 1902.
Ribes ascendens Jasperae Bastw. Proc. Calif. Acad. ITI. Bot. 2: 244. 1902.
Ribes Hittellianum Eastw. Proc. Calif. Acad. III. Bot.2: 245. 1902.
Ribes glaucescens Eastw. Proc. Calif. Acad. III. Bot. 2: 245. 1902.
Ribes nevadense genuinum Jancz. Mém. Soc. Genéve 35: 317. 1907.
Ribes nevadense Jasperae Jancz. Mém. Soc. Genéve 35: 317. 1907.
Ribes Grantii Heller, Muhlenbergia 4: 27, 1908.

Unarmed, the young shoots somewhat puberulent or glabrous. Leaves thin, green on
both sides, but paler beneath than above, sparingly pubescent or glabrous, 3-5-lobed, orbic-
ular in outline or somewhat broader than long, the lobes obtuse, irregularly crenate-den-
tate, cordate to subtruncate at the base, 4-7 cm. wide, the slender petioles about as long as
the blades, more or less pubescent and glandular, long-ciliate toward the base; racemes
spreading, nodding or ascending, longer than the leaves or shorter, usually densely 12-20-
flowered ; pedicels 3-5 mm. long; bracts thin, pink or greenish, oblong to oblong-lanceolate,
obtuse or acutish, longer than the pedicels, glandular-ciliolate; ovary beset with stalked or
nearly sessile glands, otherwise glabrous; hypanthium rose-colored, 1.5-2 mm. long ; sepals
ovate, oblong, or obovate, obtuse or acute, about twice as long as the hypanthium, rose-col-
ored; petals white, orbicular to oblong, shorter than the sepals; stamens equaling or
shorter than the petals; style glabrous; berry blue, glaucous, subglobose, sparingly
glandular, about 8 mm. in diameter.

208 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLumME 22

TYPE LOCALITY : Not given.

DISTRIBUTION : Mountains of California, southern Oregon, and western Nevada.

ILLUSTRATIONS : Eastw. loc. cit. pl. 23, f. 4-5; pl. 24, f. 6-7; C. K. Schneid. Handb. Laubh.
1: f. 265 a,; Janez. loc. cit. f. 53, 54.

40. Ribes sanguineum Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. 164. 1814.

Caloboirya sanguinea Spach, Ann. Sci. Nat. II. 4: 21. 1835.
Coreosma sanguinea Spach, Hist. Vég. 6: 155. 1838.
Ribes Scuphami Rastw. Proc. Calif. Acad. TII. Bot. 2: 242. 1902.

An unarmed shrub, 14 m. high, the young shoots puberulent and often with some
stalked glands. Leaves reniform-orbicular in outline, rather firm in texture, 3-5-lobed,
cordate with a widely open sinus at the base or subtruncate, dark-green and puberulent
above, whitish-tomentose beneath, the lobes obtuse, irregularly dentate or denticulate, the
terminal one usually about as long as broad, the petioles mostly shorter than the blades,
puberulent and commonly glandular ; racemes erect or ascending in the wild plant, as long
as the leaves or longer, mostly 10-15-flowered, pubescent and glandular; pedicels 5-10 mm.
long; bracts oblanceolate, glandular, longer than the pedicels; ovary with stalked glands
and usually some curled whitish simple hairs among them; hypanthium red, cylindric-
campanulate, 3-5 mm. long, pubescent, sepals oblong, somewhat longer than the hypan-
thium, red, pubescent; petals white or reddish, spatulate, about half as long as the
sepals; stamens equaling the petals; style glabrous; berry blue-black with a bloom, some-
what glandular.

TYPE LOCALITY: On the Columbia River.

DISTRIBUTION : British Columbia to northern California.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: p/. 13 ; Bot. Cab. pl. 1487, Bot. Reg. pl. 1349 ;
Bot. Mag. /. 3335; Sweet, Brit. Fl. Gard. II. £/. 109; Maund, Bot. Gard. p/. 377; Paxton’s Mag.
Bot. 1: £2. opp. 3; Loud. Arb. f. 739; Spach, Hist. Vég.6: pl. 47, f. 1; Eastw. loc. cit. pl. 23,
tf. 2; Mém. Soc. Genéve 358: f. 57,

41. Ribes glutinosum Benth. Trans. Hort. Soc. London
‘II. 1: 476. 1835.

Ribes sanguineum glutinosum Loud, Arb. 988. 1836.

Ribes albidum Paxton, Paxton’s Mag. Bot. 10: pl. 55. 1843.

Ribes glutinosum melanocarpum Greene, Man. Bay Reg. 124. 1894.

Ribes Santae-Luciae Janez. Bull. Acad. Cracovie 1906: 9. 1906.

Ribes deductum Greene ; Jancz. Mém. Soc. Genéve 35: 320; hyponym. 1907.

Unarmed, similar to R. sanguineum, but the leaves commonly without tomentum on
either side} often somewhat tomentose beneath ; young shoots, petioles and racemes more or
less pubescent and glandular. Leavesreniform-orbicular in outline, cordate or subtruncate
at the base, 3-5-lobed, 8 cm. wide or less, more or less puberulent and glandular on both
sides, or the upper surface glabrous when mature, the lobes obtuse, irregularly crenate-
dentate, the terminal one often broader than long ; racemes spreading or nodding, usually
15-40-flowered ; pedicels 1 cm. long or less, often longer than the bracts; ovary usually
glabrous, except for the stalked glands; hypanthium red, rarely white, pubescent and some-
times bearing stalked glands, nearly cylindric, 3-5 mm. long, somewhat shorter than the
red sepals; style glabrous; berry oblong, 1 cm. long or less, blue with a bloom, or black.

TYPE LOCALITY : California (by inference).

DISTRIBUTION: Coast of middle California.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Maund, Bot. Gard. pi. 597; Paxton, loc. ctt.; Loud. Arb. £740; C. K.
Schneid. Handb. Laubh.1: f. 2650; Janez. loc, cit. f. 55, 56, 58. f .

42. Ribes malvaceum Smith, in Rees, Cycl. 30: no. 13. 1815.

Ribes tubulosum Eschsch, Mém. Acad. St. Petersb. 10: 283. 1826.

Ribes tubiflorum Meyer, Mém. Acad. Mosc. 7: 140. 1829,

Ribes malvaceum Benth. Trans. Hort. Soc. London II. 1: 476. 1835.

Ribes sanguineum malvaceum Loud. Arb. 988. 1836.

Ribes malvaceum viridifolium Abrams, Bull. So. Calif. Acad. Sci. 1: 67. 1902.
Ribes viridifolium Heller, Muhlenbergia1: 77. 1904.

Ribes purpurascens Heller, Muhblenbergia 4: 29. 1908.

Young branches, petioles, under leaf-surfaces, and inflorescence tomentose and glandu-
lar-pubescent. Leaves suborbicular to ovate-orbicular in outline, thin to rather firm in

Part 3, 1908] GROSSULARIACEAE 209

texture, mostly 3-lobed, sometimes 5-lobed, cordate or subcordate at the base, the upper
surface dark-green, stipitate-glandular, and sparingly pubescent, the under surface whitish-
tomentose, the lobes crenulate, obtuse, the stout petioles shorter than the blades, glandular-
ciliate toward the base; racemes drooping, several-flowered, longer than the leaves ; pedicels
2-5 mm. long; bracts ovate to lanceolate, glandular-serrulate, acute, longer than the pedi-
cels ; ovary densely white-pubescent and with glandular hairs ; hypanthium pink or purple,
cylindric-urceolate, 5-7 mm. long, pubescent, distinctly longer than the obtuse sepals;
petals rounded, short-clawed, about half as long.asthe petals; berry viscid-pubescent, 1 cm.
in diameter or less.

TYPE LocaLiTy: California.

DISTRIBUTION : Coast of middle and southern California, and northern Lower California.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Sweet, Brit. Fl. Gard. II. p/. 340; Meyer, loc. cit. pl. 4; Loud. Arb. f. 741 ;
C. K. Schneid. Handb. Laubh. 1: f. 265m, 2; Mém. Soc. Genéve 353 : f. 59 a-c.

43. Ribes indecorum Eastw. Proc. Calif. Acad. III.
Bot. 2: 243. 1902.
Ribes malvaceum indecorum Jancz, Mém. Soc. Genéve 35: 325. 1907.

Stems erect, unarmed, the young shoots pubescent and with glandular hairs; petioles,
under leaf-surfaces, and inflorescence tomentose and glandular-pubescent. Leaves reniform-
orbicular to ovate-orbicular in outline, firm in texture, cordate or subcordate at the base,
3-5-lobed, 2-5 cm. wide, the upper surface rugose, stipitate-glandular, and with some simple
hairs, the lobes obtuse, crenulate, the petioles rather stout, mostly shorter than the blades,
with a few long glandular hairs toward the base; racemes drooping or spreading, closely
several-flowered, as long as the leaves or longer; pedicels 1-2 mm. long; bracts ovate-
lanceolate, acute, 3-5 mm. long; ovary covered with both glandular and white divergent
simple hairs ; hypanthium white or greenish-white, cylindric-urceolate, glandular-pubescent,
3-4 mm. long, nearly twice as long as the obtuse sepals; style villous toward the base;
petals suborbicular, short-clawed, about 1 mm. long; berry viscid, at least 7 mm. in di-
ameter.

TYPE LOCALITY: Cajon Heights, near San Diego, California.
DISTRIBUTION: Southern California.
ILLUSTRATIONS: Eastw. loc. ctt. pl. 23, f.3 ; Janez. loc. cit. f. 59 d, e.

2. GROSSULARIA CTourn.) Mill. Gard. Dict. ed. 7. 1759.
Robsonia Spach, Hist. Vég. 6: 180. 1838.

Shrubs with erect ascending or trailing branches, the nodes armed with simple or 3-
forked spines or rarely spineless. Racemes few-flowered, the flowers bracteate; pedicels
not jointed, the bractlets if present minute, situated at the very base of the pedicel, and
covered by the bract. Ovary often spiny. Hypanthium evident. Fruit not disarticulating
from the pedicel.

Type species, Aibes Grossularia L.

A. Flowers tetramerous; petals equaling the sepals; stamens exceeding
the outstretched sepals by more than the combined length of ovary,
hypanthium, and sepals. (SPECIOSAE.) 1. G. speciosa.

B. Flowers pentamerous; petals decidedly shorter than the sepals; sta-

mens not as described above.
a. Anthers lanceolate to lanceolate-ovate, 2 mm. long or more.
(MENZIESU.)

* Hypanthium about as long as broad, less than half and usually
about a third or a fourth the length of the sepals; young
branches usually with bristles in addition to the nodal spines.

Sepals greenish-white ; ovary clothed with gland-tipped hairs,
without an admixture of longer glandless bristles.
Filaments equaling or exceeding the outstretched sepals, twice

as long as the petals. 2. G. Greeneiana,
Filaments distinctly shorter than the extended sepals, often
only a little longer than the petals. 3. G. Victoris.

Sepals purple to green; ovary often, and in species with green
flowers always, with longer glandiless bristles among the
gland-tipped hairs. :
Ovary whitened with a dense covering of long straight white
glandless hairs interspersed with a few glandular or glandless
bristles; leaves softly villous-pubescent beneath, even at
maturity, with a few coarse glanduliferous hairs. 7. G. sentlis.

210 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA

Ovary with the pubescence, if any, in the form of sparse,
inconspicuous curled white hairs interspersed among the
bristles ; leaves conspicuously glandular beneath, usually
with little or no pubescence.

Leaves decidedly glandular beneath; bristles of the ovary
chiefly or wholly gland-tipped; bark of new growth
usually bristly; sepals purple, and including the hypan-
thium 11-15 mm. long.

Leaves thick, usually rugose, the lower surface covered
with velvety pubescence interspersed with long-
stalked glands. :

Leaves thin, not rugose, the lower surface sparingly or
not at all pubescent when fully expanded, the
glands, except those on the veins, mostly sessile or
nearly so.

New growth densely bristly; petals 45 mm. long,
barely or not at all exceeded by the filaments.

New growth usually only sparingly bristly; petals
2.5-3.5 or sometimes 4 mm. in length, the filaments
nearly twice as long.

Leaves almost wholly devoid of glands beneath ; bristles of
the ovary chiefly or wholly glandless; bark of new
growth without bristles ; sepals commonly green, and
including the hypanthium 9-11 mm. long.

Leaves glabrous or nearly so; petals one half the length
of the filaments or less; sepals commonly with a tuft
of hairs at the apex, otherwise usually glabrous
throughout.

Leaves minutely and sparingly pubescent on both sur-
faces; petals about three fourths as long as the fila-
ments; outer surface of the sepals sparingly villous.

**Hypanthium much longer than broad, at least half the length of
the sepals ; stems with nodal spines, but without bristles. ,
Leaves rarely glandular beneath; hypanthium and sepals very
rarely with glandular hairs; bristles of the ovary mostly
non-glandular.

Herbage, hypanthium, and sepals glabrous.

Hypanthium and sepals pubescent, the leaves usually so.

Leaves glandular beneath ; hypanthium and sepals with some
gland-tipped hairs; bristles of the ovary wholly or chiefly
gland-tipped.

6, Anthers not evidently broader at the base than at the apex, usually
less than 2 mm. long.
* Styles smooth throughout.
+ Flowers deep-red or purple; filaments twice the length of the
petals or more. (LOBBII.) f

New growth conspicuously clothed with coarse bristly hairs in

addition to the nodal spines; anthers 2 mm. or more in

length.

New growth very rarely with a few bristles in addition to the
nodal spines.

Leaves densely glandular and viscid beneath ; hairs of the
ovary all gland-tipped ; anthers nearly as broad as long,
granuliferous on the back.

Leaves glabrous or nearly so on the back ; ovary with larger
non-glandular bristles as well as gland-tipped hairs; an-
thers more than twice as long as broad, not granuliferous
on the back.

++ Flowers usually of some other color ; filaments (except in G. 67-

nominata, a species with green calyx and very spiny fruit)
equaling or shorter than the petals.

§ Ovary densely bristly, the bristles developing into sharp

spines in fruit.

° Hypanthium and sepals orange or purplish, the former
usually one half or more the length of the latter, together
10 to 16mm. long ; berry dark-purple at maturity. (PINE-
TORUM.)

°° Hypanthium and sepals green, the former less than one
half the length of the latter, together 6 to 10 mm. long;
berry greenish-yellow at maturity. (WATSONIANAE.)

Leaf-blades without gland-tipped hairs ; stamens exceed-

ing the petals by usually more than the length of their
anthers,

Leaf-blades with stout gland-tipped hairs on both sur-
faces; stamens, including their anthers, equaling
the petals.

Plant erect; shoots merely puberulent ; anthers about
1 mm. long.

[VoLumME 22

4. G. Menziesii.

5. G. Hystrix.

6. G. lepiosma.

8. G. californica,

9. G. hesperia.

10. G. cruenta,
11. G. Roezli.

12. G. amara.

13. G. sericea.

14. G. Lobbii.

15. G. Marshall.

16. G. pinetorum.

17. G. binominata.

18. G. Watsoniana.

Parr 3, 1908] GROSSULARIACEAE

i
Plant trailing; shoots clothed with weak gland-tipped
bristles ; anthers about 2 mm. long.
§§ Ovary smooth or with weak glandless or gland-tipped hairs,
these not developing into spines on the fruit.
° Sepals twice the length of the hypanthium or more; petals
red throughout, (MADRENSES.)
°° Sepals less than twice the length of the hypanthium;
petals yellow or greenish, sometimes with purple
margins. (MICROPHYLLAE.)

Length of the dried flower, from the base of the ovary
to the apex of the extended sepals, 8 mm. or more;
hypanthium longer than broad, usually twice as long.

Hypanthium 2.5-3.5 mm. broad in anthesis, and in-
cluding: the sepals 10-12 mm. in length; flowers
red.

Hypanthium narrower, or the corresponding measure-

ments shorter, or both.

Flowers white ; species of the Rocky Mountain re-
gion. ;

Flowers yellow ; species Californian.

Hypanthium about 4 mm. long, its diameter
about one third as much, longer than the
sepals, sometimes nearly twice as long.

Hypanthium about 2.5 mm. in length, when not
shriveled almost as broad as long, equaling or
shorter than the sepals,

Length of the dried flower 7 mm. or less ; hypanthium

in the fresh flower as broad as or broader than long.
** Styles hairy toward the base.
t Ovary bristly, the bristles, at least the larger ones, not gland-
tipped. (CyNoSBATI.) :
tt Ovary smooth, or occasionally pubescent, or with stalked

glands.

t Sepals white; filaments more than twice the length of the
petals. (NIVEAE.)

Filaments and anthers devoid of hairs; one-year-old shoots

white to buff-colored.

Filaments, and usually the anthers also, hairy ; one-year-
old shoots reddish-brown.

Hypanthium barely as broad as long ; ovary with neither
glands nor hairs ; petals with the apical margin con-
spicuously revolute ; anthers about as broad as long,
little or not at all recurved.

Hypanthium about twice as broad as long ; ovary with
sessile glands, these sometimes obscured by villous
hairs; petals with the apical margin not revolute ;
anthers twice as long as broad, when dry strongly re-
curved from about the middle. :

tt ‘Sepals green or purplish, or, if not, the filaments less than
twice the length of the petals.

§ Stamens equaling the petals; leaf-blades usually bearing
beneath and sometimes also above, sparingly or abun-
dantly, minute sessile or stalked glands visible under
a strong lens, the glands usually interspersed in the
pubescence and often disappearing on old leaves.
(SETOSAE.) . :

Hypanthium narrowly tubular, 2-4 timesas long as broad,
usually longer than the white or pinkish sepals.

Hypanthium sparsely hirsute; bark of one-year-old
shoots white to buff-colored.

Hypanthium glabrous ; bark of one-year-old shoots
usually red-brown.

Hypanthium, during anthesis and before shriveling,
campanulate, nearly or quite as broad as long,
shorter than the green, greenish-white, or purplish
sepals.

Bark of new wood little or not at all bristly ; fowers
well exserted from the bud-scales ; hypanthium and
sepals together commonly 8-10 mm. long.

Bark of new wood bristly, often very bristly ; flowers
usually appearing almost sessile, the peduncle and
pedicels together barely or not at all exceeding the
bud-scales; hypanthium and sepals together com-
monly 5-7 mm. long. ;

§§ Stamens about twice the length of the petals or even

longer; pubescence of the leaf-blades when present
rarely with glands,

Ovary villous. (RECLINATAE.)

19,

20.

21.

22.

25,

27. G.

28.

32,

33.

34,

G.

. G.

211

. tularensis.

. madrensis,

microphylla.

lepiantha,

lasiantha,

quercelorum,

. velutina.

Cynosbati.

missouriensts,

nivea,

.curvala,

cognata,

. Selosa.

. irrigua.

. oxyacanthoides.

. veclinaia.

212 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 22

Ovary glabrous, except for the presence, rarely, of gland-
tipped hairs. (DIVARICATAE.)
Sepals purple or sometimes green, 2-4 times the length
of the hypanthium ; stamens plainly exceeding
the extended sepals.
Leaves usually rounded at the base, and 3-lobed,
and as long or longer than broad, minutely pubes-
cent above, the hairs very short and curled, and
most abundant along and near the veins; nodal
spines inconspicuous, seldom more than 5 mm.
long; bhypanthium and sepals together about
5-6 mm. long in the dried flower. 35. G. rotundifolia.
Leaves usually truncate or somewhat cordate atthe
base, and 5-lobed, and broader than long, the
upper surface provided with rather long and
straight, usually sparse, hairs; nodal spines
abundant, very large and stout, commonly 1
em. or more in length; hypanthium and sepals
together 6-8 mm. long in the dried flower. 36. G. divaricata.
Sepals green or sometimes purplish, 1-2 times the
length of the hypanthium; stamens equaling
or shorter than the extended sepals (in G. hir-
tella, a species of the eastern United States, some-
times exceeding the sepals).
Leaf-blades truncate to somewhat cordate at the
base; species of the Rocky Mountains and
westward.
Hypanthium and sepals together 8-10 mm. long,
purplish ; petals red; anthers1 mm.long. 37. G. Parishii.
Hypanthium and sepals together 5-7 mm. long,
green, the sepals rarely purplish; petals
white ; anthers about 0.5 mm. long.
Leaf-blades smooth on both surfaces, or in
Rocky Mountain specimens sometimes vil-
lous, but in the latter case provided with
the peculiar glands of the Sedosae ; hypan-
thium and sepals smooth; mature berry
dark wine-colored when fresh. 38. G. inermis.
Leaf-blades villous on both surfaces, not
glandular; bypanthium and sepals usu-
ally hirsute on the outside; berry black. 39. G. klamathensis.
Leaf-blades wedge-shaped at the base, except on an
occasional aberrant plant; species east of the
Rocky Mountains. 40. G. hirtella.

1. Grossularia speciosa (Pursh) Coville & Britton.

Ribes speciosum Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. 731. 1814.

Ribes stamineum Smith, in Rees, Cycl. 30: no. 30. 1815.

Ribes fuchsioides Moc. & Sesse ; Berland. Mém. Soc. Genéve 3?: 58. 1826.
Ribes triacanthum Menzies ; Hook. Fl. Bor. Am. 1: 229,as synonym. 1832.
Robsonia speciosa Spach, Hist. Vég. 6: 181. 1838.

Stems stout, often 3 or 4m. tall, the branches more or less densely bristly; nodal
spines 3, rather stout, rigid, very pungent, 1-2 cm. long. Leaves orbicular, oblong, or
obovate, coriaceous, glabrous, or sparingly glandular-hairy, long-persistent, 1-4 cm. long,
slightly 3-5-lobed or few-toothed, the petioles mostly shorter than the blades; peduncles
drooping, 1-few-flowered ; pedicels slender, glandular-bristly, longer than the ‘ovate-orbicu-
lar bracts; hypanthium 2-3 mm. long, glandular-bristly ; sepals 4, parallel, bright-red, 6-
10 mm. long, about equaled by the petals; filaments much exserted, 2-4 times as long
as the sepals; anthers oval, about 1 mm. long; berry glandular-bristly.

TYPE LocaLiTy: California, incorrectly given by Pursh as the Northwest Coast.

DISTRIBUTION: Along the coast of southern California, San Diego County to Monterey County.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Bot. Reg. pl. 1557 ; Sweet, Brit. Fl. Gard. II. /. 149 ; Maund, Botanist p/. 98:
Bot. Mag. 3530 ; Loud. Arb. f. 722; Mém. Soc. Genéve 3?: p/. 3; Card, Bush Fruits /. 80; Mém.
Soc. Genéve 353: f. 87.

2. Grossularia Greeneiana (Heller) Coville & Britton.
Ribes Greeneianum Heller, Muhlenbergia 1: 111. 1905.
A shrub 3.5 m. high or less, the bark brownish-gray, glabrous; young twigs densely
bristly, the bristles deciduous; nodal spines acicular, 1.5cm. long or less. Leaves orbicular
or ovate-orbicular in outline, cordate, glandular-hairy on both surfaces, and softly pubes-

Part 3, 1908] GROSSULARIACEAE 213

cent beneath, 2-4 cm. broad, 3-5-lobed, the lobes coarsely crenate, the pubescent and glan-
dular petiole usually somewhat shorter than the blade; flowers solitary or 2 together, nod-
ding; peduncle glandular and pubescent, 2-3 cm. long; pedicels much shorter than the
peduncle, only 3 or 4mm. long; bract suborbicular, thin, ciliate, shorter than the pedicels ;
hypanthium nearly white, about 3 mm. long and thick, glandular-pubescent ; sepals green-
ish-white, oblong-lanceolate, acutish, about 7 or 8 mm. long, glandular-pubescent; petals
white, truncate, about 4 mm. long, involute; filaments as long as the sepals or a little
longer, flattened at the base; anthers lanceolate, about 2.5 mm. long; ovary densely glan-
dular-hairy; style slightly exceeding the stamens, 2-cleft; berry oval, about 1.5 cm. long,
very densely covered with weak gland-tipped bristles.

TYPE LOCALITY : Vacaville, Solano County, California.
DISTRIBUTION: Type locality and vicinity.

3. Grossularia Victoris (Greene) Coville & Britton.

kibes Victoris Greene, Pittonia 1: 224. 1888.
Ribes Menziesti Victoris Jancz. Mém. Soc. Genéve 35: 363. 1907.
Ribes Menziesii minus Jancz. Mém, Soc. Genéve 35: 363. 1907.

A shrub about 2 m. high, the young twigs varying from densely bristly to nearly or
quite smooth, puberulent and somewhat viscid; nodal spines acicular, widely diverging,
1-2 cm. long. Leaves suborbicular in outline, 5 cm. wide orless, thin, 3-lobed or 5-lobed,
cordate at the base, loosely glandular-hairy, and often very sparingly villous also, on both
surfaces, the lobes coarsely crenate, the petiole as long as the blade or shorter ; flowers soli-
tary or 2 together, nodding; peduncles slender, pubescent and glandular, 1.5-2 cm. long;
pedicels only about 3 mm. long, about as long as the orbicular-erose or entire glandular
bracts; hypanthium greenish-white, densely glandular, about 3 mm. long and nearly as
thick as long; sepals white, linear-oblong, 6-11 mm. long, recurved; petals acutish and
erose ; filaments shorter than the sepals, often scarcely exceeding the petals ; anthers oblong-
ovate, 2-3 mm. long ; ovary glandular-pubescent ; berry oval, dark-colored, about 2 cm. long,
1.5 em. in diameter, densely glandular-bristly.

TYPE LOCALITY: Near the base of Mt. Tamalpais, Marin County, California.
DISTRIBUTION: Middle California.
ILLUSTRATION: Card, Bush Fruits f &4.

4. Grossularia Menziesii (Pursh) Coville & Britton.
Ribes Menziesii Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. 732. 1814.
Ribes Menziesianum R. & S. Syst. Veg. 5: 507. 1819.
Ribes ferox Smith, in Rees, Cycl. 30: no. 26, 1815.
Ribes subvestitum H. & A. Bot. Beech. Voy. 346. 1838.

A shrub 2 m. high or less, the young twigs pubescent and densely bristly, the spread-
ing acicular nodal spines 1-2 cm. long. Leaves ovate-orbicular to reniform-orbicular in
outline, 4cm. wide or less, firm in texture, rugose at maturity, 3-5-lobed with crenate-den-
tate lobes, cordate to subtruncate at the base, glabrous or with scattered glandular hairs
above, velvety-pubescent and with stalked glands beneath, the slender pubescent and glandu-
lar petiole about as long as the blade; peduncles slender, shorter or longer than the peti-
oles, 1- or 2-flowered ; bracts thin, shorter than the glandular pedicels; hypanthium sub-
campanulate, 2-3 mm. long and about as thick as long, purple, glandular-pubescent ;
sepals oblong, purple, bluntish, 7-11 mm. long; ovary glandular-bristly, the larger bristles
often without glands ; stamens about equaling the sepals, anthers ovate-lanceolate, mucro-
nate, sagittate; petals whitish, erose, shorter than the filaments; berry globose, bristly,
about 1 cm. in diameter.

TYPE LOCALITY: On the northwest coast, near Fort Trinidad. __ ;
DISTRIBUTION: Along the coast, southern Oregon to middle California.
ILLUSTRATIONS: Bot. Reg. 33: pl. 56?

5. Grossularia Hystrix (Eastw.) Coville & Britton.
Ribes Hystrix Eastw. Proc. Calif. Acad. III. Bot. 2: 248. 1902.
Stems a meter high or more, with tortuous densely bristly young branches, the
bristles yellow; nodal spines stout, subulate, 1-2.5 cm. long, pubescent toward the base.

214 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 22

Leaves thin, 2-5 cm. wide, orbicular to ovate-orbicular, 3-5-lobed, incised-dentate, not
rugose, glabrous or sparingly pubescent above when young, finely loosely pubescent or
nearly glabrous but with mainly sessile or very short-stalked glands beneath; petioles
about as long as the blade, whitish-pubescent and with stalked glands; peduncles 1-3-
flowered, pubescent and with stalked glands, as long as the petioles or longer; bracts
orbicular to ovate, sometimes lobed, shorter than the pedicels; ovary pubescent and with
both glandular and non-glandular bristles; hypanthium purple, pubescent and glandular,
subcampanulate, about 4 mm. long, nearly half as long as the sepals; sepals greenish-
purple, lanceolate, glandular-hairy and sparingly villous below, conspicuously villous at the
apex; petals white, obovate, acute, clawed, about 5 mm. long, about as long as the flat
filaments ; anthers sagittate, mucronate, 3 mm. long; styles surpassing the sepals; berry
purple, densely prickly.
TYPE LOCALITY : Gorda, Santa Lucia Mountains, California.

DISTRIBUTION: Santa Lucia Mountains.
ILLUSTRATION : Eastw. loc. cit. pl. 24, f. 10.

6. Grossularia leptosma Coville, sp. nov.

A shrub 1-1.6 m. high, the young twigs sparingly bristly, sometimes densely so, often
without bristles ; nodal spines subulate-acicular, 2 cm. long or less. Leaves suborbicular in
outline, cordate or truncate at the base, thin, not rugose, 5 cm. wide or less, 3-5-lobed,
crenate-dentate, scantily pubescent on both sides, or glabrous above, the lower surface with
usually nearly sessile glands and sometimes some stalked ones on the principal veins ; peti-
ole glandular-hairy and pubescent, about as long as the blade; flowers 1 to 3 together, the
glandular and pubescent peduncle as long asthe petioles or shorter; bracts ovate, usually
shorter than the pedicels ; ovary densely glandular-bristly ; hypanthium pubescent and with
stalked glands, greenish-purple, 2.5-3.5 mm. long; sepals purple or greenish-purple, lance-
olate, about three times as long as the hypanthium ; petals broad, white, erose-truncate, about
three-fifths as long as the filaments; stamens equaling the sepals, the anthers lanceolate,
mucronate, about 2 mm. long; berry oval or globose, densely glandular-bristly, about 1.5
cm. in diameter.

Type collected in Bear Valley, Marin County, California, March 31, 1894, 7. Burtt Davy 6%,
and identified by Professor Edward L. Greene as Ribes subvestitum H. & A. That plant, however,
is the same as Rk. Menziesit Pursh.

DISTRIBUTION : Middle California.

ILLUSTRATIONS : Jancz. loc. cit. f. 91, 92.

7. Grossularia senilis Coville, sp. nov.

A shrub with loosely or densely bristly twigs; nodal spines triple, acicular, 1-2 cm.
long. Leaves ovate-orbicular in outline, 3-5-lobed, cordate at the base, incisely crenate-
dentate, 4 cm. wide or less, thin, somewhat paler beneath than above, sparingly villous and
glandular-hairy above, or nearly smooth, beneath softly villous-pubescent and with scattered
stalked glands, the villous and somewhat glandular-pubescent pétioles as long as the blades
or shorter; flowers solitary or 2 together on villous and glandular-hairy peduncles 1.5-3
cm. long; bracts ovate, dentate, mostly shorter than the pedicels; ovary densely villous,
with a few gland-tipped or glandless bristles; hypanthium purple, pubescent, cylindric-
campanulate, 4-5 mm. long, nearly half as long as the purple, lanceolate, villous, and
glandular-hairy sepals; petals white or whitish, involute, erose, about as long as the fila-
ments, half the length of the sepals or more; anthers ovate-lanceolate, sagittate, mucronate,
nearly 3 mm. long; berry unknown.

Type collected near Saratoga, Santa Clara County, California, 4.4. Heller, and distributed as
Ribes subvestitum WH. & A.
DISTRIBUTION: Santa Clara and Santa Cruz counties, California.

8. Grossularia californica (H. & A.) Coville & Britton.

Rives californicum H. & A. Bot. Beech. Voy. 346. 1838.

Ribes occidentale H. & A. Bot. Beech. Voy. 346. 1838.

Ribes oligacanthum Kastw. Proc. Calif. Acad. III. Bot. 2: 246. 1902.
Ribes occidentale californicum Jancz, Mém. Soc. Genéve 35: 368. 1907.

Part 3, 1908] GROSSULARIACEAE 215

A shrub 2 m. high or less, the slender young twigs without bristles; nodal spines sub-
ulate, rather stout, 1-1.5 cm. long, or sometimes much shorter. Leaves suborbicular in
outline, usually 5-lobed, sometimes 3-lobed, incisely crenate-dentate, thin, truncate or sub-
cordate at the base, small, 1.5-3 cm. wide, glabrous or nearly so on both sides, deep-green
above, paler and nearly or quite smooth beneath, the slender, sparingly glandular-pubes-
cent or glabrous petiole about as long as the blade, often ciliate at the base; peduncles 1-3-
flowered, shorter than the leaves, somewhat pubescent and with a few stalked glands, or
glabrous; bracts ovate to orbicular, shorter than the pedicels; ovary bristly, the shorter
bristles sometimes glanduliferous ; hypanthium short, broad, cylindric, 2 mm. long or less;
sepals green or somewhat purplish, narrowly lanceolate, glabrous or occasionally puber-
ulent, often with a tuft of hairs at the apex, about 6-8 mm. long; petals obovate, erose, about
2mm. long; stamens equaling the sepals, the filaments more than twice as long as the
petals; anthers lanceolate, mucronulate, about 2 mm. long; berry densely or sparingly
prickly, commonly 8-12 mm. in diameter.

TYPE LOCALITY : California.
DISTRIBUTION : Middle California.
ILLUSTRATIONS : Eastw. loc. cit. pl. 24, f.8; Card, Bush Fruits /. 83; Janez. loc. cit. f. 95.

9. Grossularia hesperia (McClatchie) Coville & Britton.

Ribes hesperium McClatchie, Erythea 2: 79. 1894,
Ribes occidentale hesperium Jancz. Mém. Soc. Genéve 35: 368. 1907.

A shrub 1.5-3 m. high, the spreading branches smooth, without bristles; nodal spines
stoutly subulate, straight or curved, 1.6 cm. long or less. Leaves thin, suborbicular in out-
line, 4.5 cm. wide or less, 3-5-lobed, crenate-dentate, mostly truncate at the base, loosely
puberulent on both sides, paler beneath than above, with minute sessile glands beneath or
nearly glandless, the slender puberulent petiole as long as the blade or shorter; peduncles
puberulent, 1-2-flowered, mostly shorter than the petioles, 5-15 mm. long ; bracts flabellate,
pubescent, ciliate, shorter than the pedicels; ovary densely bristly, a few of the shorter
bristles sometimes gland-tipped ; hypanthium campanulate, greenish, 2-3 mm. long, puber-
ulent; sepals greenish or greenish-red, 7-9 mm. long, puberulent, narrowly lanceolate ;
petals white, tinged with red, cuneate-oblong, 2- or 3-toothed, about half as long as the
sepals, equaling the filaments or nearly so; anthers oblong-lanceolate, mucronate, about
2.5 mm. long; berry densely prickly, 1.5 cm. in diameter or less.

TYPE LOCALITY: Cafions of the San Gabriel Mountains, California.
DISTRIBUTION: Southern California.
ILLUSTRATION : Jancz. loc. cit. f. 96.

10. Grossularia cruenta (Greene) Coville & Britton.
Ribes cruentum Greene, Pittonia 4: 35. 1899.
Ribes amictum cruentum Jancz. Mém. Soc. Genéve 35: 366. 1907.

Stems glabrous throughout, or the younger twigs, young petioles, and hypanthium
puberulent; nodal spines acicular, 1-1.5 cm. long. Leaves, reniform to orbicular, small,
1-2.5 cm. wide, mostly 3-lobed, crenate-dentate, the slender petioles mostly shorter than
the blades; flowers solitary or two together, on peduncles usually shorter than the leaves ;
bracts clasping, veiny, erose, sometimes ciliate, longer than the pedicels ; ovary bristly and
sometimes with a few stalked glands; hypanthium cylindric-campanulate, crimson, 5-7
mm. long and about 3 mm. thick; sepals lanceolate, crimson; petals white or pink, in-
volute, erose or laciniate, about half as long as the sepals, a little shorter than the fila-
ments ; anthers lanceolate to ovate, about 2.5 mm. long; berry densely spiny.

Type LOCALITY: California, Coast Range from-Sonoma County northward.
DISTRIBUTION: Middle California to southern Oregon. Perhaps a glabrate race of the follow-
ing species.
a ILLUSTRATIONS : Bot. Mag. Pl. 8105 ; Janez. loc. cit. f. 93, 94.

11. Grossularia Roezli (Regel) Coville & Britton.

Ribes Roezli Regel, Gartenflora 28: 226. 1879.
Ribes amictum Greene, Pittonia 1: 69. 1887.
Ribes Wilsonianum Greene, Erythea 3: 70. 1895.

216 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLumME 22

Ribes aridum Greene, Pittonia 4: 35. 1899.
Ribes amicium pubescens Jancz,. Mém. Soc. Genéve 35: 366. 1907.

A shrub1.5m. high or less, with slender pubescent but not bristly twigs ; nodal spines
acicular, brownish, straight or a little curved, 1.5 eni. long or less. Leaves small, 1.5-2.5
em. wide, reniform-orbicular in outline, rather thin, 3-5-lobed and incisely dentate-crenate
finely pubescent on both sides, sometimes densely so, sometimes nearly or quite glabrous
above, the slender pubescent or sometimes nearly glabrous petioles as long as the blades or
shorter; peduncles 1-3-flowered, shorter than the leaves, sometimes with a few stalked
glands; bracts thin, clasping,.longer or sometimes shorter than the pedicels, pubescent or
glabrate ; ovary usually white-hairy, bristly, the bristles mostly eglandular; hypanthium
nearly cylindric, 5-7 mm. long, purple or purplish, pubescent; sepals purple, lanceolate,
7-10 mm. long; petals involute, erose, about half the length of the sepals, about as long
as the filaments; anthers ovate to lanceolate, mucronate, about 2.5 mm. long; berry
bristly, purple, about 1-1.5 cm. in diameter.

TYPE LOCALITY: Western North America.
DISTRIBUTION : Middle and southern California.
ILLUSTRATIONS: Regel, loc. ctt. pl. 982, f. 1-3 ; C. K. Schneid. Handb. Laubh. 1: f. 262 o-f.

12. Grossularia amara (McClatchie) Coville & Britton.

Ribes amarum McClatchie, Erythea 2: ’79. 1894,
Ribes mariposanum Congdon, Erythea 7: 183. 1900.
Ribes Menziesti amarum Jancz. Mém. Soc. Genéve 35: 363. 1907.

A shrub 2.5 m. high or less, the slender young twigs pubescent or puberulent and
glandular, the older ones smooth and brown ; nodal spines brown, 1 cm. long or less, some-
times pubescent. Leaves suborbicular in outline, thin, 4m. wide or less, 3-5-lobed, incised,
crenate-dentate, cordate or subtruncate at the base, more or less glandular-puberulent and
pubescent on both surfaces, the pubescent and glandular petioles as long as the blades or
shorter; peduncles 1~3-flowered, shorter than the leaves, glandular-pubescent; bracts
broadly ovate, often 3-lobed, about 6 mm. long, shorter than or equaling the pedicels ; ovary
very densely glandular-bristly, all or nearly all the bristles gland-tipped ; hypanthium nar-
rowly campanulate, purplish, pubescent and with stalked glands, 5-6 mm. long; sepals purple
or red-purple, lanceolate, loosely pubescent, a third to a half longer than the hypanthium;
petals pinkish-white, broad, involute, about 4 mm. long, erose; filaments a little longer
than the petals; anthers sagittate, mucronate, about 2.5 mm. long : berry subglobose, 1.3-2
cm. in diameter, densely covered with short gland-tipped bristles producing a bitter
secretion, the pulp sweet.

TYPE LOCALITY: Cafions of the San Gabriel Mountains, California,
DISTRIBUTION: Central to southern California, in the mountains.

13. Grossularia sericea (Eastw.) Coville & Britton.

Ribes sericeum Eastw. Proc. Calif. Acad. III. Bot. 2: 246. 1902.
Ribes sericeum viridescens Eastw. Proc. Calif. Acad. III. Bot. 2: 247. 1902.

Stems and branches rather densely clothed with short weak gland-tipped bristles;
nodal spines 3, stout, the middle one 10-15 mm. long, the lateral ones somewhat shorter.
Leaves thin, ovate-orbicular in outline, 3-5-lobed, 2-4 cm. long, the pubescence villous and
also glandular, the lobes incised-crenate, the slender petioles glandular-pubescent, as long
as the blades or shorter; peduncles 1-3-flowered, glandular-pubescent, 1.5-3 cm. long;
bracts suborbicular, often 3-lobed ; pedicels about half aslong as the peduncles, glandular-
pubescent ; ovary densely glandular-bristly and somewhat villous; hypanthium campanu-
late, greenish-red, pubescent, 3-4 mm. long; sepals oblong, reflexed, red or greenish, 2 to
3 times as long as the hypanthium, villous-pubescent ; petals white, 5 mm. long, involute,
truncate, slightly erose; stamens about three times as long as the petals; anthers narrowly
oblong, obtuse, 2 mm, long; berry globose, purple, about 1.5 cm. in diameter, densely
bristly.

TYPE LOCALITY : Spruce Creek, Monterey County, California.
DISTRIBUTION : Monterey County, California.
ILLUSTRATION: Eastw. loc. ctt. pl. 24, f. 9.

Part 3, 1908] GROSSULARIACEAE 217

14. Grossularia Lobbii (A. Gray) Coville & Britton.
Ribes Lobbit A. Gray, Am. Nat. 10: 274. 1876.

A low shrub, 2 m. high or less, the young shoots pubescent, the branches armed at the
nodes with triple spines 18 mm. long or less, otherwise unarmed, or rarely with some
short scattered prickles. Leaves thin, suborbicular in outline, cordate or subcordate at
the base, 2-3.5 cm. wide, 3-5-lobed, sparingly pubescent when young, and with glandu-
lar hairs, or the upper surface glabrate, the lobes obtuse, crenate-dentate, the slender
petioles glandular-pubescent ; peduncles 1-flowered or occasionally 2-flowered, glandular-
pubescent, shorter than the leaves; bracts ovate to orbicular, as long as the pedicel or
shorter ; ovary densely covered with short-stalked glands; hypanthium narrowly campanu-
late, purple-red, finely pubescent, 3-5 mm. long; sepals oblong, purple-red, reflexed-
spreading, 2 to 3 times as long as the hypanthium; petals whitish, about half as long as
the stamens; stamens about as long as the sepals; anthers broadly oval, purple, granulose
on the back, obtuse at each end, 1.5 mm. long; berry oblong, about 1.5 cm. long, densely
glandular.

TYPE LOCALITY: Vancouver Island.

DISTRIBUTION : Southern British Columbia to northern Califormia.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Bot. Mag. pi. 4931 (as R. subvestitum); Card, Bush Fruits 7. & ; Mém. Soc.
Genéve 353 : f. 88, 89.

15. Grossularia Marshallii (Greene) Coville & Britton.
Ribes Marshallit Greene, Pittonia 1: 31. 1887.

Young shoots puberulent ; branches armed at the nodes with short triple spines 1 cm.
long or less. Leaves very thin, deeply cordate at the base, glabrous except for a few simple
and glandular hairs on the veins of the under side and on the slender petioles, 2.5-3.5 cm.
wide, 3-lobed or 5-lobed, the lobes obtuse, irregularly crenate-dentate ; petioles as long as
the blades or shorter; peduncles 1-flowered, sparingly glandular-pubescent, shorter than
the petioles; bracts ovate, shorter than the pubescent and sparingly bristly pedicel ; ovary
bristly, the bristles weak, ascending ; hypanthium cylindric-campanulate, 2-3.5 mm. long,
sparingly pubescent, green or purplish; sepals linear-oblong, 12-15 mm. long, often
greenish on the outside, recurved-spreading ; petals salmon-colored, spatulate, half as long
as the stamens; stamens a little longer than the sepals, the anthers narrowly oblong, yellow,
1.5 mm. long, obtuse at each end.

TYPE LOCALITY : Summit of Trinity Mountains, California.
DISTRIBUTION: Coast ranges of northern California.
ILLUSTRATION: Mém. Soc. Genéve 353: f. 90

16. Grossularia pinetorum (Greene) Coville & Britton.
Ribes pinetorum Greene, Bot. Gaz. 6: 157. 1881.

A shrub about 2m. high, the branches glabrous and without prickles, but bearing stout
nodal spines, these solitary or 2 or 3 together, chestnut-brown, straight or slightly curved,
12 mm. long or less. Leaves nearly orbicular in outline, thin, mostly 5-cleft, 2-3 cm. wide,
glabrous and dull-green above, paler and sparingly puberulent beneath, at least on the
stronger veins, sometimes slightly villous and glandular, the lobes obtuse, irregularly
incised-serrate, the slender petioles as long as the blades or shorter, puberulent and with
scattered glandular hairs; peduncles puberulent, shorter than the petioles, erect, usually
1-flowered, rarely 2-flowered; pedicels puberulent, somewhat shorter than the peduncles;
bracts thin, broad, ciliate; ovary bristly; hypanthium and sepals pilose, reddish-yellow ;
sepals linear to linear-spatulate, acute, reflexed, 6-8 mm. long, about twice as long as the
cylindric-campanulate hypanthium, and one third longer than the petals and stamens;
anthers ovate, obtuse, 1.5 mm. long; style glabrous; berry purple, globose, 1-1.5 cm. in
diameter, rather densely prickly.

TYPE LOCALITY : In woods of Pinus ponderosa, in the higher elevations of the Pinos Altos and
Mogollon mountains, New Mexico. . ;

DISTRIBUTION: Mountains of New Mexico and Arizona.

ILLUSTRATION : Mém. Soc. Genéve 353: f. 98.

218 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA ([VoLuME 22

17. Grossularia binominata (Heller) Coville & Britton.

Ribes ambiguum 8. Wats. Proc. Am. Acad. 18: 193. 1883. Not R. ambiguum Maxim. 1874.
Ribes monianum Howell, Fl. NW. Am. 1: 210. 1898. Not R. montanum Philippi, 1859-1860.
Ribes binominaium Heller, Cat. N. Am. Pl. ed. 2. 5. 1900.

Stems trailing, not bristly, 1.3 m. long or less, the young twigs pubescent ; nodal spines
usually triple, less than 1 cm. long. Leaves suborbicular to ovate-orbicular, thin, 2-6 cm.
wide, deeply 3-lobed or sometimes 5-lobed, incisely dentate-crenate, cordate at the base,
finely pubescent above, densely pubescent beneath, not glandular, the villous and eglandular
hairy petioles about as long as the blades; peduncles short, 1- to 3-flowered, villous and
with some glandular hairs; bracts ovate-oblong, shorter than or exceeding the pedicels;
ovary bristly; hypanthium green, villous, short~cylindric, about 2 mm. long; sepals green-
ish-white, villous, 4~6 mm. long; petals narrowly oblong, white, 2 or 3 mm. long, some-
what shorter than the stamens; anthers elliptic, obtuse, about 1.5 mm. long; style gla-
brous ; berry about 1 cm. in diameter, densely covered with yellowish spines.

TYPE LOCALITY: Forests of the Siskiyou mountains near the summit.
DISTRIBUTION: Northern California and southern Oregon.
ILLUSTRATION: Mém. Soc. Genéve 353: f. 97 b.

18. Grossularia Watsoniana (Koehne) Coville & Britton.
Ribes ambiguum S. Wats. Proc. Am. Acad. 18: 193, in part. 1883.
Ribes Watsonianum Koehne, Deuts, Dendr. 197. 1893.

A plant with erect or ascending stems 1 to 2 m. high, not bristly; nodal spines
usually triple, subulate, stiff, 1 cm. or less long. eaves membranous, nearly orbicular in
outline, 3-5 cm. wide, usually rather deeply 3-5-lobed, coarsely crenate-dentate, cordate or
subtruncate at the base, sparingly pubescent on the veins and with some stalked glands,
the villous and glandular-pubescent petioles about as long as the blades; peduncles villous
and glandular-pubescent, slender, 1-3-flowered, as long as the petioles or shorter; bracts
ovate, glandular-pubescent, shorter than the pedicels; ovary densely covered with weak,
mostly gland-tipped bristles; hypanthium green, campanulate, sparingly pubescent, 2-3
mm. long; sepals green, pubescent, at least toward their tips, 6-8 mm. long; petals
narrow, white, about three fourths the length of the sepals; stamens about as long as the
petals; anthers elliptic, obtuse, about 1 mm. long; style glabrous; berry about 1 cm. in
diameter, densely beset with acicular bristles.

TYPE LOCALITY: Washington.
DISTRIBUTION: Cascade mountains, southern esee
ILLUSTRATION: Mém. Soc. Genéve 353: S.97 @

19. Grossularia tularensis Coville, sp. nov.

Stems trailing ; young twigs with villous pubescence and weak gland-tipped bristles ;
nodal spines triple, 1 cm. or less in length, stramineous to light-brown. Leaf-blades 2-
5 cm. broad, orbicular-ovate, cordate at the base, 3-5-cleft, the lobes incised and dentate,
villous and glandular-hairy on both surfaces like the petioles; peduncles 1-2 cm. long,
villous and glandular-hairy, mostly 1-flowered; bracts orbicular-obovate, usually lobed, 2-
4mm. long; pedicels usually shorter than the bracts; ovary bristly and glandular-hairy ;
hypanthium 2-3 mm. in length, about as broad as long, green, villous; sepals green,
linear-oblong, about 6 mm. in length, villous; petals 4-5 mm. long; stamens equaling
the petals, the anthers 2 mm. in length, oblong-ovate, obtuse; styles smooth, about as long
as the sepals; berry about 1 cm. in diameter, covered with stramineous spines.

Type collected at Giant Forest, Tulare County, California, August, 1905, Katharine Brandegee.

20. Grossularia madrensis Coville & Rose.
Ribes madrense Coville & Rose, Smithson. Misc. Coll. 50: 32. 1907.

Branches slender, slightly pubescent or glabrous, not bristly, the young shoots pu-
berulent ; nodal spines few, subulate, less than 1 cm. long. Leaves rather firm in texture,
3 cm. wide or less, orbicular to broadly ovate in outline, deeply 3-5-lobed, crenate-dentate,
cordate to obtuse at the base, glandular and pubescent on both sides, the petioles as long asthe
blades or shorter, glandular-pubescent ; peduncles 1- or 2-flowered, mostly shorter than the

Part 3, 1908] GROSSULARIACEAE 219

petioles, glandular-pubescent ; bracts broadly ovate, obtuse, glandular-pubescent, longer than
the short pedicels ; ovary smooth; hypanthium glabrous, 3 mm. long ; sepals sparingly pu-
bescent, about 6 mm. long; petals dark-red, about two-thirds as long as the sepals; style
glabrous ; stamens about three fourths as long as the petals ; anthers oblong, about 1.5mm.
long; berry smooth, globose, 8 mm. or more in diameter.

TYPE LOCALITY : Neat Quebrada Honda, Durango.
DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality.

21. Grossularia microphylla (H.B.K.) Coville & Britton.
Ribes microphyllum H.B.K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 6: 62. 1823.
Ribes subvestitum microphyllum Zabel, Handb. Laubh. Deuts. Dendr, Ges. 36. 1903.

A shrub 1-2 m. high, the young twigs villous. Leaves ovate-orbicular to reniform-
orbicular in outline, 3-5-lobed and incisely dentate, thin, 2.5 cm wide or less, somewhat
pubescent on both sides, the villous petioles shorter than the blades; peduncles 1- or 2-
flowered, shorter than the leaves, villous and with some glandular hairs; bracts broad,
membranous, glandular and pubescent, longer than the very short pedicels; ovary glabrous ;
hypanthium cylindric, yellow or reddish, loosely pubescent and glandular, about 6 mm.
long and 3 mm. thick ; sepals lanceolate, reddish-yellow, loosely pubescent, about as long
as the hypanthium ; petals obovate to spatulate, retuse, shorter than the sepals; stamens
about as long as the petals, the oblong anthers obtuse; style glabrous; berry globose,
glabrous, about 8 mm. in diameter.

TYPE LOCALITY: El Guarda, Mexico.
DISTRIBUTION: States of Mexico, Michoacan, and Vera Cruz.
ILLUSTRATION: Mém. Soc. Genéve 353: f- 104.

22. Grossularia leptantha (A. Gray) Coville & Britton.

Ribes leptanthum A. Gray, Mem. Am. Acad. II. 4: 53. 1849.
Ribes leptanthum veganum Cockerell, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 15: 99. 1902.
Ribes leptanthum genuinum Jancz. Mém. Soc. Genave 35: 380. 1907.

A shrub 2 m. high or less, the branches smooth or sometimes bristly; nodal spines
acicular, 0.5-1.5 cm. long. Leaves orbicular or reniform-orbicular in outline, 3-cleft or
5-cleft, crenate-dentate, truncate at base or cordate with a usually wide sinus, thin, 0.5-2
cm. wide, varying from nearly or quite glabrous to pubescent on both sides and somewhat
glandular; the petioles as long as the blades or shorter, more or less pubescent, sometimes
with some glandular hairs; peduncles 1- or 2-flowered, shorter than the leaves; pedicels
very short or none; bracts small, ovate or rounded; ovary glabrous or sometimes glandu-
lar-pubescent ; hypanthium greenish, nearly cylindric, 4-6 mm. long, about half as thick
as long; sepals greenish-white, pubescent, about as long as the tube; petals spatulate, white
or tinged with pink, about half as long as the sepals and as long as the stamens; anthers
oval, notched; style glabrous, 2-fid at the apex; berry 6-8 mm. in diameter, glabrous or
glandular-hispid.

TYPE LOCALITY: Rocky banks of the Rio del Norte [Rio Grande] and ravines near Santa Fé
[New Mexico].

DISTRIBUTION : New Mexico, Colorado, Utah, and Arizona.

ILLUSTRATIONS: C. K. Schneid. Handb. Laubh. 1: f. 262 x, vy; Janez. loc. cit. f. 105 ; Garten-
flora 53: f. 60.

23. Grossularia lasiantha (Greene) Coville & Britton.
Ribes lasianthum Greene, Pittonia 3: 22. 1896.

Low and with stout spreading branches, little over 6 dm. high, the branches glabrous,
the young shoots puberulent; nodal spines mostly 3 together, subulate, yellowish, 1.5 cm.
long or less. Leaves reniform-orbicular, 3-5-lobed, crenate-dentate, 1-2 cm. wide, glan-
dular and sparingly pubescent on both sides, or almost glabrous, rather firm in texture, the
densely pubescent petioles as long as the blades or shorter and bearing some gland-tipped
hairs; peduncles pubescent, 2-4-flowered, about as long as the petioles; pedicels shorter
than the broad pubescent bracts; ovary glabrous or with a few hairs; hypanthium yellow,
about 4-5 mm. long, cylindric, narrow, pubescent; sepals oblong-spatulate, yellow, 2.5-3.5
mm. long; petals spatulate, shorter than the sepals, about as long as the stamens.

220 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 22

TYPE LOCALITY : Above Donner Lake, toward Castle Peak, California.
DISTRIBUTION : High elevations in the Sierra Nevada, California.

24, Grossularia quercetorum (Greene) Coville & Britton.

Ribes quercetorum Greene, Bull. Calif. Acad. 1: 83. 1885.

kRibes Congdoni Heller, Muhlenbergia 1: 101. 1904.

Ribes leplanthum quercetorum Jancz. Mém. Soc. Genéve 35: 380. 1907.
Ribes velutinum Congdoni Jancz. Mém. Soc. Genéve 35: 381. 1907.

Esetose, or sparingly bristly, 1-1.5 m. high, the bark gray-brown ; nodal spines usually
solitary, straight or slightly curved, 1 cm. long or less; young shoots pubescent. Leaves
suborbicular in outline, 1-2 cm. wide, 3-5-cleft, rather thin, the lobes dentate, both surfaces
finely pubescent or nearly glabrous, not glandular or with few glands, the base truncate or
subcordate, the pubescent petioles mostly shorter than the blades; peduncles pubescent,
about as long asthe blades, 2-3-flowered; bracts broad, shorter than the pedicels; ovary
glabrous ; hypanthium yellow, pubescent, about 2.5-3 mm. long, short-cylindric, as long as
or somewhat shorter than the yellow pubescent or ciliate sepals; petals shorter than the
sepals, a little longer than the stamens ; anthers short-oblong ; style glabrous ; berry smooth,
globose, about 8 mm. in diameter.

TYPE LOCALITY : El Paso de Robles, California.
DISTRIBUTION : Middle California to Lower California.

25. Grossularia velutina (Greene) Coville & Britton.

Ribes leptanthum brachyanthum A. Gray, Bot. Calif.1: 205, 1876.
Ribes velutinum Greene, Bull. Calif. Acad. 1: 83, 1885.

Ribes brachyanthum Card, Bush Fruits 460. 1898.

Ribes glanduliferum Heller, Muhlenbergia 2: 56. 1905.

Ribes Stanfordii Elmer, Bot. Gaz. 41: 315. 1906.

Ribes velutinum brachyanthum Jancz. Mém. Soc. Genéve 35: 381. 1907.
Ribes velutinum Greeneianum Jancz. Mém. Soc. Genéve 35: 381. 1907.

A shrub 2 m. high or less, with recurved branches devoid of bristles, the young
shoots finely pubescent; nodal spines pale, acicular, 0.5-2 cm. long, straight or slightly
curved. Leaves suborbicular in outline, 3-5-cleft, crenate, 1-1.5 cm. wide, cordate or
truncate at the base, finely pubescent on both sides, or sometimes nearly glabrous; petioles
pubescent and sometimes with some gland-tipped hairs, mostly shorter than the blades;
peduncles 1-3-flowered, shorter than the leaves; bracts broad, pubescent, longer than the
pedicels, or shorter ; ovary densely pubescent, often glandular-hairy, rarely glabrous ; hypan-
thium short-cylindric, pubescent, about 2 mm. long and 3 mm. in diameter; sepals yellow,
somewhat pubescent, about 3 mm. long; petals oblong to obovate, yellow, 2-2.5 mm. long ;
stamens not exceeding the petals, the anthers obtuse, 1-1.5 mm. long; style glabrous;
berry yellow, about 7 mm. in diameter.

TYPE LOCALITY: Northern part of California and regions adjacent.

DISTRIBUTION: Oregon to Nevada, Utah, northern Arizona, andthe mountains of southern
California.

ILLUSTRATIONS: C. K. Schneid. Handb, Laubh. 1: /. 262 v, w ; Jancz. loc. cit. f. 106.

26. Grossularia Cynosbati (L.) Mill. Gard. Dict.

ed. 8.no. 5. 1768.

Ribes Cynosbati I,. Sp. Pl. 202. 1753.
Ribes gracile Michx. Fl. Bor. Am.1: 111. 1803.
Ribes Cynosbati glabratum Fernald, Rhodora 7: 156. 1905.

Stems usually less than 1.5m. high, the nodal spines slender, solitary or sometimes
2 or 3 together, erect or spreading, 6-10 mm. long, or often wanting ; prickles few and weak
or none. Petioles 12-35 mm. long, slender, generally pubescent, sometimes with gland-
tipped hairs; leaf-blades nearly orbicular, 3-5 cm. broad, somewhat pubescent, at least when
young, truncate or cordate at the base, deeply 3-5-lobed, the lobes crenate-dentate or
incised ; peduncles and pedicels slender, the peduncles 1~3-flowered ; bracts small, ovate,
much shorter than the pedicels; ovary setose; hypanthium green, ovoid-cylindric, much
thicker than the ovary, 3-4 mm. long, about as thick aslong, glabrous; sepals green, oblong,
shorter than the hypanthium ; petals obovate, shorter than the sepals; stamens a little longer

Part 3, 1908] GROSSULARIACEAE 221

than the petals, the anthers oblong; style pubescent below; berry globose to oblong, wine-
colored, 8-12 mm, in diameter, with many or few subulate prickles.

TYPE LOCALITY: Canada.

DISTRIBUTION: New Brunswick to North Carolina, Alabama, Missouri, and Manitoba.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Jacq. Hort. Vind. p/. 22? ; Guimp. Otto & Hayne, Abb. Holz. p/. 135, Loud.
Arb. f. 719; Mém. Soc. Genéve 32: A/. 1, f. 3, Britt. & Brown, Ill. Fl. f 1865, Card, Bush
Fruits f. 94; Cycl. Am. Hort. /. 2121; Mém: Soc. Genéve 353: f. 108.

27. Grossularia missouriensis (Nutt.) Coville & Britton.
Rives gracile Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. 165. 1814. Not 2. gracile Michx. 1803.
Ribes missouriense Nutt.; T. & G. Fl. N. Am. 1: 548. 1840.

A shrub 1-2 m. high, the stems and branches glabrous or sometimes bristly, the young
twigs white or whitish ; nodal spines 1-3, reddish-brown, stiff, stout or slender, 2 cm. long
or less. Leaves suborbicular or reniform-orbicular in outline, 2-6 cm. wide, thin, 3-5-lobed,
coarsely dentate, sparingly pubescent or glabrous above, rather copiously pubescent beneath,
truncate, broadly cuneate, or subcordate at the base, the petioles pubescent ; peduncles
slender, often longer than the petioles, 2- or 3-flowered ; bracts broad, 2-3 mm. long,
pubescent and ciliate; pedicels filiform, nodding, much longer than the bracts; ovary
glabrous; hypanthium cylindric, pubescent, about 2.5 mm. long, greenish ; sepals linear,
2 or 3 times as long as the hypanthium, greenish-white, sparingly pubescent or glabrous ;
petals much shorter than the sepals, erose; filaments glabrous, nearly twice as long as the
sepals; style about as long as the stamens, pubescent below; berry globose, brown to purple,
glabrous, 8-15 mm. in diameter.

TYPE LOCALITY: Independence County, Missouri.

DISTRIBUTION : Illinois to Minnesota, South Dakota, Kansas, Missouri, and Tennessee.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Britt. & Brown, Ill. Fl. /. 1867 (as Ribes gracile) ; Card, Bush Fruits 7. 86 (as
R. gracile); C. K. Schneid. Handb. Laubh. 1: f. 265 (as Ribes rotundifolium) ; Mém. Soc.
Genéve 35°: f, 113 (as Ribes rotundifolium).

28. Grossularia nivea (Lindl.) Spach, Hist. Vég. 6: 179. 1838.
Ribes niveum Lindl. Bot. Reg. £1. 1692. 1834.

Not bristly, 3 m. high or less, the slender glabrous branches upright or ascending, red-
dish to brown; nodal spines 1-3, stout, brown, 1-2 cm. long. Leaves suborbicular in out-
line, thin, sparingly pubescent or glabrous, 3-5-lobed, truncate to cuneate and entire at the
base, the lobes few-toothed, the slender petioles mostly shorter than the blades; peduncles
nodding, slender, 1-4-flowered, glabrous, shorter than the leaves; bracts ovate, small,
membranous, much shorter than the filiform pedicels; ovary glabrous; hypanthium white,
glabrous, campanulate, about 2 mm. long; sepals white, narrowly lanceolate, 6-8 mm. long ;
petals white, cuneate, erose, about « fourth as long as the sepals: filaments filiform,
pubescent, slightly longer than the sepals; anthers broadly oval, pubescent, about 1 mm.
long; style villous below; berry globose, glabrous, bluish-black, subacid, about 8 mm. in-
diameter.

TYPE LOCALITY: Northwest America.

DISTRIBUTION : Idaho and eastern Washington to northern Nevada.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Lindl. Joc. cit. ; Loud. Arb. 7. 718; C. K. Schneid. Handb. Laubh. 1:
262 h~l ; Mém. Soc. Genéve 353 : f. 174.

29. Grossularia curvata (Small) Coville & Britton.

Ribes gracile T, & G. Fl. N. Am. 1: 546. 1840. Not &. gracile Michx. 1803.
Ribes curvatum Small, Bull. Torrey Club 23: 295. 1896.

A diffusely branched glabrate shrub, 5-8 dm. tall, armed with subulate nodal spines
4-6 mm. long, the stem with loose exfoliating bark, the branches red-brown or purplish,
the recurved or drooping branchlets reddish. Leaf-blades suborbicular, 1-3 cm. in di-
ameter, cuneate to subcordate at base, sparingly pubescent, 3-5-lobed, the lobes toothed ;
petioles slender, as long as the blade or shorter, usually somewhat villous ; peduncles 7-8 mm,
long, 1-5-flowered ; pedicels ultimately nearly as long as the peduncles, subtended by ovate,
often 3-lobed, ciliate bracts; hypanthium 1.5-2 mm. long, subcampanulate, glabrous ; ovary
resiniferous-glandular or pubescent; sepals linear or linear-spatulate, 6-7 mm. long, white,

222 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 22

ciliate, reflexed and recurved, obtuse, the edges hyaline; petals lanceolate to cuneate, 1.5
mm. long, white, acute or obtuse, with lateral teeth and one or two nerves; stamens con-
spicuous, 7 mm. long, erect; filaments villous; anthers linear-oblong, recurved, glabrous
or pubescent ; berry globose, 6-8 mm. in diameter, crowned by the persistent stamens.

TYPE LOCALITY : Stone Mountain, Georgia.
DISTRIBUTION : Georgia, Alabama, Louisiana, and Texas.
ILLUSTRATION : Mém. Soc. Genéve 353 : I. 1,

30. Grossularia cognata (Greene) Coville & Britton.

Ribes cognatum Greene, Pittonia 3: 115. 1896.
Ribes palousense Elmer : Jancz. Mém. Soc. Genéve 35: 382; hyponym. 1907.

A much-branched shrub, 2-3.5 m. high, the young branches white or gray, bristly, or
sometimes smooth; nodal spines subulate, 1-1.5 cm. long. Leaves suborbicular to reni-
form-orbicular in outline, 1.5-4 cm. wide, thin, 3-5-lobed, incised, crenate-dentate, more
or less pubescent on both sides and minutely glandular, the villous and glandular-pubescent
petioles as long as the blades or shorter ; peduncles 2-5-flowered, nodding, mostly shorter
than the petioles; bracts glandular-pubescent, 1.5-3 mm. long, equaling or a little shorter
than the pedicels; ovary glabrous; hypanthium greenish-white, sparingly hirsute, nearly
cylindric, 3-6 mm. long; sepals white or pink, narrowly oblong, one half to two thirds as
long as the hypanthium ; petals obovate, truncate or retuse,’ about half as long as the
sepals and a little longer than the filaments; anthers obtuse; style pubescent below ; berry
smooth, about 10 mm. in diameter.

TYPE LOCALITY: River banks at Pendleton, Oregon.
DISTRIBUTION: Eastern Washington and Oregon.
ILLUSTRATION: Card, Bush Fruits /. 90 (as Ribes irriguum).

31. Grossularia setosa (Lindl.) Coville & Britton.
Ribes setosum Lindl, Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 243. 1828.
Ribes saximontanum E. Nelson, Bot. Gaz. 30: 19. 1900.
Ribes camporum Blankinship, Mont. Agric. Coll. Sci. Stud. 1: 63. 1905.

Plant usually less than 1 m. high, the shoots reddish-brown and usually bristly ;.
nodal spines subulate, 2 cm. long or less. Leaves suborbicular in outline, 3-5-lobed, thin,
crenate-dentate, cordate, truncate, or sometimes narrowed at the base, 1-4 cm. wide, finely
pubescent and usually somewhat glandular, the pubescent and usually more or less glandular
petioles as long as the blades or shorter ; peduncles 1-3-flowered, shorter than the leaves ;
bracts thin, 1-2 mm. long, mostly somewhat shorter than the pedicels; ovary glabrous or
rarely with some glandular hairs; hypanthium white, glabrous, cylindric-campanulate, 5-8
mm. long, about twice as long as the white sepals; petals one half to two thirds as long as
the sepals, about as long as the stamens; anthers blunt; style pubescent below; berry red
to black, smooth or somewhat bristly, 8-12 mm. in diameter.

TYPE LOCALITY : Not recorded.

DISTRIBUTION: Idaho to Montana, Assiniboia, South Dakota, Nebraska, and Wyoming.

ILLUSTRATIONS : Bot. Reg. pi. 1237 ; Loud. Arb. f 716; Britt. & Brown, "I. FL. J. 1866 ; Card,
Bush Fruits 7. 927; C.K. Schneid. Handb. Laubh. 1: f. 265f ; 3; Mém. Soc, Genéve 358: f. 107

32. Grossularia irrigua (Dougl.) Coville & Britton.
Ribes irriguum Doug. Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 516. 1830.
Ribes divaricatum irriguum A. Gray, Am. Nat. 10: 273. 1876.
Ribes leucoderme Heller, Bull. Torrey Club 24: 93. 1897.
Ribes oxyacanthoides leucoderme Janez. Mém. Soc. Genéve 35: 388. 1907.

A shrub 1-3 m. high, the older branches usually bristly, gray to brown, the young
shoots often without bristles, pale-gray, pubescent or rarely glabrous; nodal spines subu-
late, usually about 1 cm, long. Leaves thin, 3-5-lobed, coarsely incised-dentate, 3-7 cm.
wide, mostly cordate at the base, nearly or quite glabrous above, more or less pubescent
and minutely glandular beneath, the villous and glandular-pubescent petioles as long as
the blades or shorter; peduncles nodding, 1-3-flowered, shorter than the leaves; bracts
ciliate and glandular, about as long as the short pedicels; ovary glabrous; hypanthium
greenish, glabrous, cylindric-campanulate, 3-4 mm. long; sepals greenish-white, 5-8 mm.
long; petals obovate, white, about half as long as the sepals; stamens about as long as the
petals; style pubescent below; berry globose, smooth, 7-13 mm. in diameter.

Part 3, 1908] GROSSULARIACEAE 223

TYPE LOCALITY: On the Blue Mountains, in lat. 46° 33’.

DISTRIBUTION: Eastern Oregon and Washington, interior of British Columbia, Idaho, and
western Montana.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Loud. Arb. f. 721; Janez. loc. cit. f. 110 c.

33. Grossularia oxyacanthoides (1,.) Mill. Gard. Dict.

ed. 8. no. 4. 1768.
Ribes oxyacanthoides I,. Sp. Pl. 201. 1753.

A low shrub the older branches usually very bristly, the young twigs rarely without
bristles, pubescent or glabrate; nodal spines subulate, rather stout, mostly 1 cm. long or
less. Leaves suborbicular in outline or somewhat broader than long, incisely 5-lobed and
dentate or crenate-dentate, 2-4 cm. wide, cordate to broadly cuneate at the base, more or
less pubescent and with some glandular hairs, at least on the petioles, usually rugose at
maturity ; peduncles very short, scarcely exserted from the bud-scales, mostly 1-2-flowered ;
pedicels short; ovary glabrous; hypanthium greenish-White, glabrous; sepals white, gla-
brous, 2.5-4 mm. long, a little longer than the hypanthium; petals obovate, about as long as
the stamens, about two thirds the length of the sepals; berry globose, smooth, about 1 cm.
in diameter.

TYPE LOCALITY: Canada.
DISTRIBUTION: Hudson Bay to Yukon, British Columbia, Alberta, Montana, North Dakota,
and northern Michigan.
ie fara aaa Dill. Hort. Eilth. p/. 139, f. 166; Mém. Soc. Genéve 3?: p/. 1, f.2; Loud.
TD. j- .

34. Grossularia reclinata (1,.) Mill. Gard. Dict. ed. 8. no. 1. 1768.

Ribes reclinatum ¥,. Sp. Pl. 201. 1753.

Ribes Grossularia Y,. Sp. Pl. 201. 1753.

Ribes Uva-crispal,. Sp. Pl. 201. 1753.

Grossularia Uva-crispa Mill. Gard. Dict. ed. 8. no. 3. 1768.
Grossularia vulgaris Spach, Hist. Vég. 6: 174. 1838.

A shrub about 1 m. high, the stems ascending or reclining, the older wood often
bristly ; nodal spines stout, mostly 3 together, sometimes solitary, 1.5 cm. long or less.
Leaves rather firm in texture, suborbicular in outline, 3-5-lobed, crenate-dentate, broadly
cuneate to cordate at the base, 2-6 cm. broad, pubescent, the petioles sometimes bearing
gland-tipped hairs; peduncles slender, nodding, 1- or 2-flowered, mostly shorter than the
petioles; bracts thin, 1-2 mm. long, shorter than the glandular-pubescent pedicels; ovary
pubescent and often glandular-villous ; hypanthium pubescent, greenish, short-campanulate,
3-4 mm. long, about as long as the usually pubescent greenish sepals; petals obovate,
whitish, about as long as the filaments; stamens not longer than the sepals; style pubes-
cent below; berry globose to oval, yellowish to red, more or less pubescent and glandular-
bristly,

TYPE LOCALITY: Germany and Switzerland.

DISTRIBUTION: Escaped from cultivation in New York and New Jersey.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Engl. Bot. £/. 1292, 2057; Fl. Dan. pl. 546; Sturm, Deuts. Fl. 14: [ pl. 4);
1“: [ pl. 13); Fl. Deuts. ed. 5, £2. 2286 ; Britt. & Brown, Ill. Fl. /. 1870 ; Card, Bush Fruits /. 9.

35. Grossularia rotundifolia (Michx.) Coville & Britton.

Ribes rotundifolium Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 1: 110. 1803.
Ribes triflorum Willd. Hort. Berol. pi. 62, 1806.

Ribes stamineum Hornem. Hort. Hafn. 237. 1813.
Grossularia triflora Spach, Hist. Vég. 6: 176. 1838.

Stems usually less than 1 m. high, the slender branches not bristly, brown, or the
young shoots gray; nodal spines few and small, seldom over 5 mm. long. Leaves ovate-
orbicular to suborbicular in outline, 2-5 cm. wide, mostly 3-lobed, coarsely dentate, broadly
cuneate to subcordate at the base, minutely pubescent, or almost glabrous, not glandular,
the glabrous or sparingly pubescent petioles mostly shorter than the blades; peduncles 1-3-
flowered, filiform, drooping, shorter than the petioles; pedicels much longer than the
small bracts; ovary glabrous; hypanthium campanulate, purplish, about 2 mm. long;
sepals linear, greenish-purple, about twice as long as the hypanthium; petals obovate ;
stamens somewhat longer than the sepals; berry globose, smooth, 6-8 mm. in diameter,
purplish.

224 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA L[VoLUME 22

TYPE LOCALITY: Mountains of Carolina.

DISTRIBUTION : Massachusetts to New York and North Carolina.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Willd. Hort. Berol. £7.61; Bot. Cab. pl. 1094; Mém. Soc. Genéve 3?: 1. 7,
f.4,; Guimp. Otto & Hayne, Abb. Holz. £1. 7; Loud. Arb. f. 717; Britt. & Brown, IN. Fl. f. 1869 ;
Card, Bush Fruits f/. 88. .

36. Grossularia divaricata (Dougl.) Coville & Britton.

Ribes divaricatum Doug. Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 515, 1830. |

Rives villosum Nutt. in T. & G. Fl. N. Am. 1: 547. 1840. Not &. villosum Roxb. 1824.
Ribes tomentosum K. Koch, Wochenschr. Gart. & Pfl. 2: 138. 1859.

Ribes divaricatum glabriflorum Koehne, Deuts. Dendr. 200. 1893.

Ribes divaricatum pubifiorum Koehne, Deuts. Dendr. 200. 1893.

Ribes divaricatum villosum Zabel, Handb. Laubh. Deuts. Dendr. Ges. 137. 1903.

Ribes Suksdorfii Heller, Muhlenbergia 3: 11. 1907.

Ribes divaricaitum Douglasti Jancz. Mém. Soc. Genéve 35: 391. 1907.

Ribes divaricatum montanum Jancz. Mém. Soc. Genéve 35: 391. 1907.

A much-branched shrub, 2-3.5 m. high, the branches sometimes bristly, but com-
monly withont bristles, gray to brown; nodal spines stout, 1-2 cm. long, often deflexed,
sometimes wanting. Leaves thin, suborbicular or reniform-orbicular in outline, 2-6 cm.
wide, mostly 5-lobed, sometimes 3-lobed, coarsely crenate-dentate, cordate to subtruncate
at the base, the upper surface usually bearing some long hairs, the under side short-hairy
along the veins or glabrous, the slender pubescent or glabrous petioles as long as the blades
ot shorter ; peduncles slender, about as long as the petioles, drooping, 2-4-flowered ; bracts
ovate, much shorter than the filiform pedicels; ovary glabrous ; hypanthium campanulate,
2-3 mm. long, greenish-purple, glabrous or sparingly villous; sepals oblong, purplish or
greenish, 2-3 times as long as the hypanthium; petals obovate, white or purplish, less than
half as long as the sepals; stamens somewhat longer than the sepals; style villous; berry
smooth, globular, black or dark-purple, about 1 cm. in diameter.

TYPE LOCALITY: Northwest coast of North America.

DISTRIBUTION ; British Columbia to middle California.

ILLUSTRATION : Bot. Reg. pl. 1359; Loud. Arb. f. 720; Janez. loc. cit. f. 112 ; Card, Bush Fruits
f. &7; C.K. Schneid. Handb. Laubh.1: f 265 g, kh.

37. Grossularia Parishii (Heller) Coville & Britton.
Ribes Parishii Heller, Muhlenbergia 1: 134, 1906.

Branches esetose, or rarely somewhat bristly, gray, pubescent when young ; nodal spines
solitary, subulate, deflexed or spreading, 1 cm. long or less. Leaves suborbicular to reni-
form-orbicular in outline, 2-5 cm. broad, 3-5-lobed, crenate-dentate, subtruncate to cordate
at the base, densely pubescent beneath, glabrous or very nearly so above, eglandular, the
slender pubescent petioles about as long asthe blades; peduncles nodding, pubescent, 2-5-
flowered, shorter than the petioles; bracts villous, 1-2 mm. long, much shorter than the
pedicels ; ovary glabrous; hypanthium purplish-red, pubescent, campanulate, about 4mm.
long ; sepals purplish, more or less pubescent, 1.5-2 times as long as the hypanthium ;
petals broadly obovate, rose-colored, 2 mm. long; stamens nearly as long as the sepals;
style villous below.

TYPE LOCALITY: San Bernardino Valley, California.
DISTRIBUTION : Type locality and vicinity.

38. Grossularia inermis (Rydb.) Coville & Britton.

Ribes inerme Rydb. Mem. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 1: 202. 1900.

Ribes hirtellum Purpust Koehne ; Spath, Cat. 119. 1899-1900.

Ribes Purpusi Koehne ; Blankinship, Mont. Agric. Coll. Sci. Stud. 1: 64. 1905.

Ribes vallicola Greene; Rydb. Fl. Colo. 176,177. 1906.

Ribes oxyacanthoides nevadense Jancz. Mém. Soc. Genéve 35: 387. 1907.

Ribes oxyacanthoides Purpusii Jancz. Mém. Soc. Genéve 35: 388. 1907.

Ribes oxyacanthoides vagum Jancz. Mém. Soc. Genéve 35: 388. 1907.

aes aa trriguum Jancz. Mém. Soc. Genéve 35: 388. 1907. (Excluding the plant of -
ouglas.

A plant with branches glabrous and esetose, or rarely with a few scattered bristles;
nodal spines few, 1 cm. long or less, rarely wanting. Leaves orbicular or reniform-orbicular
in outline, rather thin, 3-5-lobed, crenate-dentate, truncate to cordate at the base, 1-6 cm.
broad, glabrous or in Rocky Mountain specimens sometimes pubescent and glandular;

Part 3, 1908] GROSSULARIACEAE 225

peduncles mostly shorter than the petioles, 1-4-flowered; bracts small, much shorter than
the pedicels; ovary glabrous; hypanthium glabrous, narrowly campanulate, green, 2,5-3.5
mim. long, a little longer than the green or purplish glabrous sepals; petals pink or white,
oblong to obovate, about a third as long as the sepals; stamens about twice as long as the
petals, shorter than the sepals; berry wine-colored, smooth, about 8 mm. in diameter.

TYPE LOCALITY : Slough Creek, Yellowstone Park.

DISTRIBUTION : Montana to the interior of British Columbia, eastern Washington, Oregon, and
California, Utah, and New Mexico.

ILLUSTRATIONS : Janez. loc. cit. 110 a, 6, d, e,

39. Grossularia klamathensis Coville, sp. nov.

A shrub 1-2 m. high, erect, seldom with any bristles, the young twigs white and gla-
brous; nodal spines usually single, 1 cm. or less in length, often wanting. Leaf-blades
Gre onic alae often broader than long, 2-5 cm. wide, cordate at the base, 3-5-lobed,
crenate, villous on both surfaces; petioles pubescent along the upper side, glabrous on the
lower, often fibrillate toward the base; peduncles commonly 1-2 cm. long, glabrous, 2-5-
flowered; bracts ovate, ciliate, about 2 mm. long; pedicels 8 mm. or less long, glabrous;
ovary glabrous; hypanthium sparingly villous or glabrous, green, about 2 mm. long;
sepals linear-oblong, about 4 mm. in length, green, often purple-margined, sparingly vil-
lous or glabrous; petals-half the length of the sepals or less, white, fan-shaped; stamens
equaling the sepals or nearly so; styles hairy; berry black with a bloom, 6-10 mm. in
diameter.

Type collected at Keno, Klamath County, Oregon, May 10, 1898, Elmer I. Applegate 2008.
DISTRIBUTION : Southern Oregon and northeastern California.

40. Grossularia hirtella (Michx.) Spach, Hist. Vég. 6: 180. 1838.
Ribes hirtellum Michx. Fl. Bor. Am.1: 111. 1803.
Ribes saxosum Hook. Fl. Bor. Am. 1: 231. 1832.
Ribes oxyacanthoides saxosum Coville, Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb..4: 100. 1893. (As to name.)
Ribes huronense Rydb.; Britton, Man. 487. 19 be
Ribes oxyacanthoides calcicola Fernald, Rhodora 7: 155. 1905.

A shrub 6-12 dm. high, with slender, mostly esetose branches, but sometimes bristly ;
bark of the older branches dark-brown, the young shoots gray and glabrous; nodal spines
usually wanting, if present subulate, 12 mm. long or less. Leaves ovate-orbicular to reni-
form-orbicular in outline, incisely 3-5-lobed and dentate, mostly cuneate at the base, vary-
ing to subcordate, thin, 2-6 cm. wide, glabrous or sparingly pubescent, not glandular, the
slender petioles often bearing long hairs; peduncles 1-3-flowered, not longer than the peti-
oles; bracts only about 1.5mm. long, much shorter than the pedicels; ovary glabrous,
rarely pubescent or with stalked glands; hypanthium greenish, narrowly campanulate,
glabrous or sparingly villous, about 3 mm. long, equaling or a little shorter than the
green or purplish sepals; petals obovate, about half as long as the stamens; style villous;
berry glabrous, or rarely with stalked glands, purple or black, globose, 8-10 mm. in diameter.

TYPE LOCALITY: Saguenay River (Quebec).

DISTRIBUTION : Newfoundland to New Jersey, Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Sputh Dakota, and
Manitoba.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Bot. Mag. fl. 6892; Britt. & Brown, Ill. Fl. f. 1868; Card, Bush Fruits /.
92; Cycl. Am. Hort. f. 2220 (all as Ribes oxyacanthoides) ; ’Mém. Soc. Genéve 35°: J. 111 (as Ribes
gracile).

EXCLUDED SPECIES

Ribes resinosum Pursh, Bot. Mag. p/. 2583 (1813), supposed to have been collected by
Fraser in the mountains of North America, is Rides orientale Desf., of Asia.

Family 14. PLATANACEAE

By HENRY ALLAN GLEASON

Trees or shrubs, with exfoliating bark. Leaves broad, alternate, stipulate,
long-petioled, palmately 3-5-nerved and lobed, cuneate to cordate at the base.
Stipules membranous, lobed or entire, connate, deciduous. Petioles dilated at
the base and covering the buds. Inflorescence of spherical unisexual heads,
which are racemose or spicate, or solitary and terminal, on long slender per-
sistent peduncles. Flowers monoecious, typically isomerous. Sepals 3 or 4,
or rarely 6, spreading, hairy without. Petals alternating with the sepals,
spatulate, membranous, lobed or emarginate. Stamens in do flowers typically
alternate with the petals ; filaments short ; anthers linear, the connective dilated
at the apex and covering the anthers. Staminodes in 2? flowers caducous.
Carpels 3 or 4, distinct,-opposite the petals and adherent to them ; ovary linear ;
style linear, recurved at the tip, and stigmatose on the inner side. Ovule 1
(rarely 2), pendulous, orthotropous. Fruit an achene, indehiscent, linear, 4-
sided, surrounded by long hairs at the base, truncate and tipped with the per-
sistent style, aggregated in dense spherical heads.

1. PLATANUS L,. Sp. Pl. 999. 1753.
Characters of the family.
Type species, Platanus orientalis \.
Heads 3-5 on each peduncle.

Leaves broadly rounded at base, the lobes 3, all erect. 1. P. Lindeniana.
Leaves truncate to cordate at base, the lobes 3-5, divergent.
Heads sessile; fruiting style 2-3 mm. long. 2. P. racemosa,
Heads pedicelled ; fruiting style 1-2 mm. long. 3. P. Wrightit.
Heads 1 or 2 on each peduncle.
Leaves persistently and closely cinereous beneath. 4. P. mexicana,
Leaves green and eventually glabrous beneath.
Leaf-lobes entire. 5. PB. glabrata,
Leaf-lobes with coarse salient teeth. 6. £. occidentalis.

1. Platanus Lindeniana Mart. & Gal. Bull. Acad. Roy.
Bruxelles 10': 342. 1843.

A tree, 30-40 m. high; young twigs and petioles ferruginous-pubescent, becoming gla-
brate with age; leaves broadly rounded at base, 3-lobed, 3-nerved, entire or with a few
scattered teeth, 12-18 cm. long and broad, densely tomentose above when young, glabrous
at maturity, persistently and softly ferruginous-tomentose beneath ; lobes triangular, acute,
erect, the middle one about as long as broad and 0.3-0.5 as long asthe blade; petioles 2-5
cm. long; stipules bifid; staminate heads 6-10 mm. in diameter; pistillate heads sessile,
2.5 cm. in diameter at maturity ; achene 6-8 mm. long, about equaled by the basal hairs,
glabrous below, pubescent at the tip, abruptly narrowed into a persistent style 2-3 mm.
long.

TYPE LOCALITY: Jalapa, Mexico.
DISTRIBUTION: Central Mexico.

2. Platanus racemosa Nutt. N. Am. Sylva 1: 47. 1842.

Platanus occidentalis H. & A. Bot. Beech. Voy. 160. 1833. Not P, occidentaits L,. 1753.
Plaianus californica Benth. Bot. Voy. Sulph. 54. 1844.
Platanus mexicana Torr. in Sitgreaves, Rep. Exp. 172. 1853. Not P. mexicana Moric. 1830.

VOLUME 22, Part 3, 1908] 227

228 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 23

A tall tree, 30-35 m. high ; bark rough and dark on the old trunks, smooth and pale on
the young trunks and branches; twigs tomentose when young ; leaves with narrow sinuses,
3-5-nerved, 3-5-lobed, entire or remotely dentate, cordate to truncate at the base, 15-25 cm.
Jong and broad, tomentose on both sides when young, glabrescent above with age; leaf-
lobes acuminate, divergent, the middle one about twice as long as broad and at least half
as long as the blade; petioles pubescent, 5-8 cm. long ; stipules 2-3 cm. long, entire or den-
tate; peduncles pubescent; fruiting heads 3-5, sessile, 2-2.5 cm. in diameter at maturity ;
achene 7 mm. long, glabrous, much exceeding the basal hairs, rounded at the apex and
tipped with a persistent style 2~3 mm. long.

TYPE Locality: California.

DISTRIBUTION : Central and southern California and Lower California.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Nutt. loc. cit, pl. 15; Pacif.R.R. Rep. 6: pl. 2, 7.10; Dippel, Handb. Laubh.
3: f. 151; Sargent, Silva N. Am. £2. 328; Sargent, Man. f 272; Britton, N. Am. Trees /. 367.

3. Platanus Wrightii S. Wats. Proc. Am. Acad.
10: 349. 1875.

A tree, reaching a height of 25 m., bark smooth, light-colored, becoming rough and
dark on the old trunks; twigs tomentose when young; leaves 15-20 cm. long and wide,
3-5-nerved, 3-5-lobed, with narrow sinuses entire or nearly so, truncate or usually cordate
with a deep sinus at the base, glabrous above, pubescent beneath ; lobes elongate, acute,
divergent, the middle one about twice as longas wide and at least half as longas the blade;
petioles pubescent or becoming glabrous ; stipules dentate or lobed; peduncles tomentose,
bearing 3-5 heads; fruiting heads 2-2.5 cm. in diameter, on pedicels about equaling the
heads ; achene glabrous, about 6 mm. long, exceeding the basal hairs, truncate and tipped
with a short style seldom more than 1 mm. long.

TYPE LOCALITY : Southeastern Arizona.
DISTRIBUTION : New Mexico, Arizona, and Sonora.
ILLUSTRATIONS : Sargent, Silva N. Am. f/. 329; Sargent, Man. f. 273; Britton, N. Am. Trees

fF. 366

4. Platanus mexicana Moric. Pl. Am. Rar. 12. 1830.— Bull. Bot.
Seringe 175. 1830.

A tall tree ; young twigs and foliage densely pubescent ; leaves 8-12 cm. long, 9-15 em.
wide, 3-nerved, 3-5-lobed or rarely with two additional basal lobes, truncate or rounded at
the base, in age green and shining above, closely and softly cinereous beneath; lobes
divergent, shallow, with broad rounded sinuses, entire, or with a few teeth, acute or short-
acuminate, the middle one about as broad as long and less than half as long as the blade;
petioles pubescent, 4-6 cm. long; stipules rounded, entire; fruiting peduncles 8-14 cm.
long, nearly glabrous; heads usually two, sessile, 2.5 cm. in diameter; achenes 6 mm.
long, pubescent, equaled by the basal hairs, narrowed at the tip into a persistent style 2.5
min. long.

TYPE LOCALITY: Mexico. .
DISTRIBUTION : Northeastern and central Mexico.
ILLUSTRATION : Mém. Soc. Genéve 6: f/. 26.

5. Platanus glabrata Fernald, Proc. Am. Acad. 36: 493. 1901.
Platanus Lindeniana S. Wats. Proc. Am. Acad. 18: 155. 1883. Not P. Lindeniana Mart. & Gal.

A tree, with closely and finely pubescent twigs ; leaves broad, 8-10 cm. long, 10-12 cm.
wide, 3-nerved, 5-lobed, with broad rounded sinuses, truncate at the base, pubescent when
young, with age becoming glabrous above and nearly so beneath; lobes short-acuminate,
entire, the middle as broad as or broader than long, and less than half as long as the blade;
petioles closely pubescent, 4-6 cm. long; stipules lobed or dentate; peduncles 8-10 cm.
long, glabrous or nearly so; heads single and terminal, or rarely two and sessile, 1.5-2 cm. in
diameter; achenes 5 mm. long, glabrous below, pubescent towards the tip, much longer
than the basal hairs, abrubtly narrowed into a short style 1-1.5 mm. long.

TYPE LOCALITY: Monclova, Coahuila.
DISTRIBUTION: Northeastern Mexico.

Parr 3, 1908] PLATANACEAE 229

6. Platanus occidentalis L. Sp. Pl. 999. 1753.

Platanus lobata Moench, Meth. 358. 1794.

Platanus hybridus Brot. Fl. Lusit. 2: 487. 1804.

Platanus vulgaris angulosa Spach, Ann, Sci. Nat. II. 15: 293. 1841.

Platanus occidentalis hispanica Wesmael, Mém. Soc. Sci. Hainaut III. 1: 12.f.5. 1867.
Platanus occidentalis lobata Bommer, Les Platanes 17. 7. 5,6. 1869.

A tall tree, reaching 50 m. in height; bark thin, smooth, exfoliating in thin plates, or
rough on the old trunks; twigs glabrous; young foliage covered with a white deciduous
tomentum, becoming glabrous or nearly so at maturity; leaves 15-25 cm. long and wide,
broadly deltoid, truncate at the base, 3-5-nerved, 3-lobed or with faint additional lateral
lobes, with broad or obscure sinuses, sharply serrate with coarse acuminate teeth; lobes
shallow, abruptly acuminate, the middle one much broader than long; petioles pubescent ;
stipules foliaceous, sharply serrate or lobed; fruiting peduncles 8-15 cm. long; mature
heads 2.5-3 cm. in diameter; achene 7-8 mm. long, about equaled by the subtending hairs,
glabrous or nearly so at the tip, truncate and tipped with a persistent style, about 1 mm.
long.

TYPE LOCALITY: North America. i

DISTRIBUTION : New Hampshire to Ontario and Nebraska, south to Florida and Texas.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Catesby, Nat. Hist. Car. #1. 56; Wangenh. Nordam. Holz. p/. 13, f, 31; Du-
ham. Arb. & Arbust. 2: 1.2, Abbot, Insectsof Georgia fl. 55 ; Michx. f. Hist. Arb. Am. 3: Al. 3 ;
Michx. f. N. Am. Sylva fl. 63; Wats. Dendr. 2: f/. 100; Audubon, Birds p/. 206 ; Sargent, Silva
N. Am. pl. 326, 327 ; Sargent, Man. f. 271; Dippel, Handb. Laubh. 3: /. 252 ; J. E. Rogers, Tree
Book opp. 279; Britt. & Brown, Ill. Fl. f. 7881; Newhall, Trees NE. Am. f 26; Koehne, Deuts.
Dendr. /. 40, A; Britton, N. Am. Trees /. 364, 365.

Family 15. CROSSOSOMATACEAE

By Joun KUNKEL SMALL

Shrubs or small trees, with rough bitter bark. Leaves alternate, often
approximate on short branches or clustered on spurs; blades simple, leathery,
entire. Flowers perfect, solitary at the ends of short branches. Hypanthium
turbinate. Calyx of 5 persistent sepals. Corolla of 5 white or purplish decid-
uous petals. Androecium of many stamens, usually 15 or more; anthers ob-
long to oval. Gynoecium of 3-5 stipitate ultimately distinct carpels borne in
the base of the hypanthium. Ovary elongate; styles short, at least during
anthesis, or obsolete ; stigmas depressed. Ovules several or many, borne in 2
rows. Fruit acluster of 2-5 follicles. Seeds globular to reniform, each enclosed
in a fimbriate aril. Endosperm thin, fleshy.

1. CROSSOSOMA Nutt. Jour. Acad. Phila. II. 1: 150. 1848.

Stems usually much-branched. Leaf-blades pinnately-veined, sessile or nearly so.
Flowers pedicelled. Sepals very broad, usually suborbicular, concave. Petals spatulate to
orbicular-obovate. Stamens usually borne in 2 rows. Carpels erect; style short or obso-
lete ; stigma minute. Follicles spreading or recurved. Seeds orten adherent in a body by
means of the aril-fringe. ,

Type species, Crossosoma californicum Nutt.

Petals broadly obovate or orbicular-obovate ; follicles many-seeded. 1. C. californicum.
Petals spatulate to oblong; follicles few-seeded.
Follicle-body oblong-cylindric, wrinkled. 2. C. Bigelovii.

Follicle-body ovoid, reticulate.
Follicles stout-beaked, copiously glaucous ; leaf-blades mucronulate or
sometimes obtuse. 3. C. glaucum.
Follicles minutely beaked, not glaucous; leaf-blades mostly acute. 4. C. parvifiorum.

1. Crossosoma californicum Nutt. Jour. Acad. Phila. II. 1: 150. 1848.

Shrub or small tree, with a rough somewhat flaky bark ; leaf-blades oblong, oblong-
obovate, spatulate or linear-spatulate, 2.5-9 cm long, commonly mucronate, sessile, or
nearly so; flowers long-pedicelled ; hypanthium 4.5-5.5mm. broad at maturity ; sepals sub-
orbicular, 8-12 mm. long ; petals white, broadly obovate to oblong-obovate, 14-18 mm. long;
follicles drooping, 15-32 mm. long, the bodies cylindric, wrinkled, each terminating in a
curved or hooked beak ; seeds about 3 mm. in diameter.

TYPE LOCALITY: Santa Catalina Island, California.

DISTRIBUTION : Santa Catalina and San Clemente Islands, California, and Guadalupe Island,
Lower California.

ILLUSTRATION: Pacif. R. R. Rep. 44: £2. 1, f- 7.

2. Crossosoma Bigelovii S. Wats. Proc. Am. Acad. 11: 122. 1876.

Shrub, with irregularly much-branched stems, often spinescent, the bark of the twigs
light-gray or yellowish ; leaf-blades spatulate, cuneate, obovate or elliptic, or ovate to
oblong-lanceolate on the twigs, 0.5-1.5 cm. long, acute or mucronulate, commonly gradually
narrowed to the base; flowers short-pedicelled ; hypanthium 3-3.5 mm. wide at maturity ;
sepals suborbicular, 4.5-5.5 mm. long; petals white or purplish, oblong to spatulate, 9-14
mm. long; follicles 9-12 mm. long, the bodies oblong-cylindric, wrinkled, slender-stipitate,
each terminating in'a short oblique beak; seeds about 2mm. in diameter.

TYPE LOCALITY: Near the mouth of Bill Williams River, Arizona. ;
DISTRIBUTION : Southeastern California, Arizona, and Lower California.
ILLUSTRATION: Pacif. R. R. Rep. 4: p/. 1, excluding / 7 and dissections.

VOLUME 22, Parr 3, 1908] 231

232 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 22

3. Crossosoma glaucum Small, sp. nov.

Shrub, with irregularly branched stems, less spines centthan C. Bigelovii, the bark of
the twigs dark-gray ; leaf-blades mainly oval or ovate, or sometimes obovate, mostly 0.5-1
cm. long or sometimes slightly larger, obtuse or mucronulate, glaucous, rather abruptly
narrowed at the base; flowers short-pedicelled ; hypanthinum about 3 mm. wide at maturity ;
sepals suborbicular, 4-5 mm. long; petals white, spatulate, 9-11 mm. long; follicles 7-9
mm. long, the bodies ovoid, reticulate, stout-stipitate, each terminating in a stout beak ;
seeds about 2 mm. in diameter.

Type collected in the Hassayampa River Valley, Arizona, 1876, &. Palmer 560.
DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality.

4. Crossosoma parviflorum Rob. & Fern. Proc. Am.
Acad. 30: 114. 1894.

Shrub, with many slender, usually elongate branches, the bark of the twigs gray ; leaf-
blades oblong to elliptic, 8-13 mm. long, mostly acute, pale-green on both sides, rather
abruptly narrowed at the base; flowers short-pedicelled ; hypanthium about 2 mm. wide at
maturity; sepals broad or suborbicular, 1.5-2.5 mm. long; petals white, oblong or some-
what narrowed at the base, about 6mm. long; follicles 6-7 mm. long, the bodies ovoid-
reticulate, green, each terminating in a minute beak; seeds not seen.

TYPE LOCALITY : Grand Cafion of the Colorado River, Arizona.
DISTRIBUTION : Arizona and Sonora.

Family 16. CONNARACEAE
By NATHANIEL LORD BRITTON

Trees, shrubs, or woody vines, with alternate estipulate odd-pinnate leaves,
the leaflets entire-margined. Flowers small, usually perfect, nearly or quite
regular, racemose or paniculate. Calyx 5-lobed or 5-parted, mostly persistent
at the base of the fruit. Petals 5, usually distinct, mostly imbricated. Stamens
perigynous or hypogynous, 10 or fewer; filaments filiform; anthers small,
didymous. Disk none or very narrow. Ovary of 5 distinct hirsute carpels;
styles slender or filiform; stigmas capitellate; ovules 2, orthotropous. Fruit
a leathery or woody, 1-seeded, rarely 2-seeded follicle, ventrally dehiscent.

Seed erect, usually arillate; cotyledons foliaceous ; endosperm fleshy or none.
Calyx-segments imbricate.

Calyx enlarged after flowering; capsule sessile. 1. RourEA.
Calyx not enlarged after flowering; capsule stipitate. 2. CONNARUS.
Calyx little enlarged after flowering, its segments valvate ; capsule sessile,
tomentose. 3. CNESTIDIUM.

1. ROUREA Aubl. Pl. Guian. 1: 467. 1775.

Woody vines, shrubs, or small trees, with evergreen odd-pinnate leaves, the leaves
rarely unifoliolate, the twigs often terminating in a stout hook or coil. Flowers small and
numerous in axillary or terminal panicles. Calyx deeply 5-lobed, enlarged and persistent
in fruit, the lobes imbricate. Petals 5, more or less longer than the calyx; stamens 10,
the 5 alternate ones the longer; filaments filiform, cohering at the base; anthers didy-
mous; carpels 5, usually 1 only maturing, the others imperfect. Follicle curved, sessile,
l-seeded. Seed erect, mostly longer than the aril, shining; endosperm none.

Type species, Rourea frutescens Aubl.
Leaflets coriaceous or subcoriaceous, 9 cm. long, or less; vines.

Leaflets shining above; inflorescence glabrous. 1. R. glabra.
Leaflets dull on both sides ; inflorescence sparingly appressed-pubescent,
at least when young. . R. paucifoliata.
Leaflets chartaceous, 1-2.3 cm. long ; small tree. 3 R. suerrensis.

1. Rourea glabra H.B.K. Nov. Gen. 7: 41. 1824.

Robergia glabra Spreng. Syst. 4: Cur. Post. 188. 1827.
Rourea oblongifolia H. & A. Bot. Beech. Voy. 283. 1836.
Connarus ? glabra DC. Prodr. 2: 85. 1825.

A vine, with glabrous terete branches. Leaves long-petioled, glabrous; leaflets 3 or
5, oblong to ovate-elliptic, coriaceous, 3-12 cm. long, shining above, dull beneath, acuminate
at the apex, rounded at the base, the stout petiolules 2-5 mm. long; panicles usually nu-
merous, 6-9 cm. long, much shorter than the leaves; bracts very small, ovate to lanceo-
late, sometimes slightly villous; pedicels filiform, 2-8 mm. long; calyx about 3 mm. long,
its lobes ovate to oval, acutish or obtuse, ciliolate; petals white, obovate, about one half
longer than the calyx; stamens a little shorter than the petals, the anthers cordate; carpels
villous; styles a little shorter than the stamens; follicle obliquely oblong, slightly curved,
1-1.7 cm. long, 4-6 mm. in diameter, 2-4 times as long as the fruiting calyx; seed dark-
brown, the aril one third to one fourth its length.

Tyrer LocaLity: Banks of the Orinoco River near Caycara.
DISTRIBUTION: Cuba; Santo Domingo; Porto Rico; St. Lucia; Grenada; Tamaulipas and
Tepic to Panama; also in Colombia and Venezuela.

VoLUME 22, Par 3, 1908] 233

234 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUuME 22

2. Rourea paucifoliata Planch. Linnaea 23: 415. 1850.
Rourea oblongifolia floribunda Planch. Linnaea 23: 415. 1850.

A vine, several meters long, the young twigs finely appressed-puberulent or glabrate.
Leaves glabrous, the petioles rather slender; leaflets 3-9, rarely only 1, ovate to oblong-
lanceolate, subcoriaceous, dull on both sides, 3-8 cm. long, long-acuminate at the apex,
rounded or narrowed at the base, the petiolules 3-4 mm. long; panicles mostly solitary in
the upper axils, sometimes clustered, 6-12 cm. long, equaling or longer than the leaves,
sparingly appressed-pubescent; bracts lanceolate to subulate, ciliate, 1.2 mm. long; calyx
about 3 mm. long, its lobes oval, ciliate, becoming broadly ovate in fruit ; petals narrowly
obovate, one half longer than the calyx; carpels villous; styles much shorter than the
stamens ; follicle obliquely oblong, 1.5 cm. long, about 6 mm. in diameter, 3-4 times as
long as the calyx; seed oblong, 8-10 mm. long, about three times as long as the aril.

TYPE LOCALITY : Jamaica.
DISTRIBUTION : Jamaica.

3. Rourea suerrensis Donn.-Smith, Bot. Gaz. 23: 5. 1897.

‘* A small tree.’’ Petioles rather stout, 10 cm. longor less; leaflets 5 or 3, chartaceous,
elliptic to obovate-oblong, the larger ones 1.5-2.3 dm. long, 1 dm. wide or less, deep-green
and faintly shining above, paler beneath, acuminate at the apex, narrowed at the base, the
stout petiolules 3 or 4 mm. long, the veins elevated on the lower surface, about 5 on each
side of the midvein; panicles clustered in the upper axils, about as long as the petioles,
the rachis and pedicels appressed-puberulent; pedicels 5 mm. long or less; calyx about 3
mm. long, its lobes broadly ovate, acutish; petals oblong, obtuse, about 6 mm. long;
shorter stamens about as long as the calyx-lobes; carpels pilose, much shorter than the
styles ; follicles narrowly oblong, curved, about 13 mm. long and 5-6 mm. in diameter .
aril yellow, about one fourth as long as the seed.

TYPE LOCALITY: Suerre, Llanos de Santa Clara, 300 m. alt., Costa Rica.
DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality.

2. CONNARUS L. Sp. Pl. 645. 1753.

Trees, shrubs, or woody vines, with evergreen odd-pinnate leaves, the leaflets char-
taceous or coriaceous. Flowers small, mostlyin axillary panicles. Calyx 5-parted, the seg-
ments imbricate, not enlarged after flowering, persistent or deciduous. Petals 5, longer
than the calyx. Stamens 10, the filaments filiform, connate at the base, the alternate ones
longer and shorter; anthers didymous. Disc none, or annular. Carpels 5, usually only 1
maturing. Follicle stipitate, obliquely obovoid or oblong, woody or coriaceous, 1-seeded.
Seed erect, longer than the aril; endosperm none.

Type species, Connarus macrocarpus Ly.

Follicle distinctly many-striate, its stipe very short. 1. C. Lamberts.
Follicle smooth, or indistinctly striate, its stipe 5-7 mm. long.
Leaflets leathery, densely and strongly reticulate-veined beneath. 2. C. réticulatus.

Leaflets chartaceous to membranous, not densely reticulate-veined.
Young twigs and inflorescence densely red-tomentose or velvety.
Follicles 3-3.5 cm. long, veiny ; leaflets 24 cm. long or less. 3. C. grandifolius.
Follicles about 1.5 cm. long, smooth or nearly so; leaflets 13 cm.

long or less. : 4. C. panamensis.
Young twigs and panicles appressed-puberulent ; follicles about 2 cm.
long, faintly striate ; leaflets 5-10 cm. long. 5. C. Turczaninowitz.

1. Connarus Lamberti (DC.) Britton.

Omphalobium Lamberti DC. Prodr. 2: 85. 1825.
Connarus guianensis Lamb.; DC. Prodr. 2: 85, as synonym. 1825.
Connarus Pottsii S. Wats. Proc. Am. Acad. 21: 463. 1886.

Older twigs and mature leaves glabrous, the young twigs pubernlent. Petioles stout,
5-8 cm. long; leaflets 3, oblong-elliptic to ovate-elliptic, chartaceous, 10-15 cm. long, 6-8
cm. wide, acuminate at the apex, rounded or narrowed at the base, the primary veins
prominent on the under side, about 9 on each side of the stout midvein, the petiolules 2-3

Part 3, 1908] CONNARACEAE 235

mim. long ; inflorescence shorter than the leaves, the rachis puberulent ; pedicels very short ;
calyx puberulent, about 1.5 mm. long, its lobesoblong-lanceolate ; petals oblong, twice as long
as the calyx; longer stamens about as long asthe calyx; follicle obliquely obovoid, strongly
ridged on the curved back, glabrous when mature, about 1.5 cm. long, 1.2 cm. wide and
lcm. thick, many-striate, the stipe not longer than the calyx.

TYPE LOCALITY: Interior of Guiana.

DISTRIBUTION : St. Vincent (according to Grisebach) ; Guatemala; alsoin Venezuela, Trinidad,
and Guiana.

2. Connarus reticulatus Griseb. Cat. Pl. Cuba 84. 1866.

Young twigs puberulent, the older ones glabrous; petioles 3-4 cm. long, thickened at
the base; leaflets 3, ovate-oblong to elliptic, leathery, smooth and shining above, strongly
and densely reticulate-veined beneath, 4-8 cm. long, 2-3 cm. wide, acuminate at the apex,
rounded at the base, the stout petiolules 2-3 mm. long; panicles mostly terminal, peduncled,
reddish-tomentose ; flowers pedicelled ; calyx tomentose, its segments lanceolate, obtusish ;
petals oblong-lanceolate, about 6 mm. long, twice as long as the calyx; follicles obliquely
obovoid, 2.5 cm. long, 1.5 cm. wide, about 1 cm. thick, becoming glabrous, the apex in-
curved, acute, the stipe 3-4 mm. long.

TYPE LOCALITY: Eastern Cuba.
DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality.

3. Connarus grandifolius Planch. Linnaea 23: 432. 1850.

Young twigs densely red-tomentose, terete. Petioles stout, red-tomentose, 3-8 cm.
long; leaflets 3 or 5, thin-coriaceous, oblong to elliptic or narrowly obovate, smooth on
both sides, or rufous-puberulent on the veins beneath when young, obtuse or short-acumi-
nate at the apex, obtuse at the base, 12-24 cm. long, 6-10 cm. wide, the veins sunken in
the upper surface, prominent beneath, coarsely reticulate; panicles axillary, densely red-
tomentose, many-flowered, shorter than the leaves; flowers sessile; calyx 3 mm. long,
deeply cleft, red-tomentose, its lobes lanceolate, acute; petals linear-oblong, somewhat
longer than the calyx; longer stamens 3 mm. long; follicles obliquely obovoid, rufous-
tomentose, becoming glabrous, finely veined, 3-3.5 cm. long, 2 cm. wide, 1.5 em. thick,
the incurved beak short, acute, the stipe 5-7 mm. long; seed oblong, 2 cm. long.

TYPE LOCALITY: Dominica (erroneously said to be from Santo Domingo in Index Kewensis).
DISTRIBUTION : Guadeloupe, Dominica, and Martinique.

4, Connarus panamensis Griseb. Bonplandia 6: 6. 1858.

A climbing vine with reddish-velvety twigs. Leaves trifoliolate; petioles stout, about
6 cm. long; leaflets elliptic to oblong, 10-13 cm. long, 4-8 cm. wide, short-acuminate at
the apex, obtuse or subcordate at the base, rather thin, but firm in texture, dull, glabrous
above, puberulent along the prominent midvein beneath, the primary veins about 6 on each
side of the midvein, the stout petiolules about 5 mm. long; flowers sessile, in velvety pan-
icled spikes; petals oblong, twice as long as the velvety calyx; stamens shorter than the
petals; follicles obliquely obovate, saffron-colored, minutely apiculate on one side above
the middle, velutinous when young, smooth or nearly so when mature, about 1.5 cm. long,
1 cm. wide and 8 mm. thick, the stout stipe about 5mm. long; seeds black, shining, the
aril yellow.

TYPE LOCALITY: Panama. .
DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality.

5. Connarus Turczaninowii Triana & Planch. Ann. Sci.
Nat. V. 16: 364. 1872.

Connarus panamensis Turcz. Bull. Soc. Nat. Mose. 32: 277. 1859. Not C. panamensis Griseb.
1858.

Young twigs and leaves appressed-puberulent ; mature foliage glabrous. Petioles 4-6cm.
long; leaflets 5 or 3, oblong to elliptic, chartaceous, 5-10 cm. long ; 3-5 cm. wide, acuminate
at the apex, rounded or obtuse at the base; the thickened petiolules 4 or 5 mm. long,

236 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 22

the primary veins somewhat elevated on the under side, 5-7 on each side of the midvein ;
flowers very numerous, sessile, in simple or panicled appressed-puberulent spikes often
longer than the leaves; calyx about 2.5 mm. long, appressed-puberulent, its lobes oblong,
obtusish; petals oblong-spatulate, about 4mm. long; follicle obliquely obovate, glabrous
when mature, 2 cm. long, 1.3 cm. wide, nearly 1 cm. thick, the inner margin nearly
straight, with a minute tip at the end, the stipe 5 mm. long; seed 1 cm. long.

TYPE LOCALITY : Chagres, Panama.
DISTRIBUTION: Panama.

3. CNESTIDIUM Planch. Linnaea 23: 439. 1850.

Trees or shrubs, with odd-pinnate leaves, the leaflets very short-petiolulate, and many-
flowered, velvety-pubescent, axillary and terminal panicles, the small flowers bracteolate.
Calyx-tube hemispheric, the limb 5-cleft, the lobes valvate in bud, spreading and little
enlarged in fruit; petals 5, oblong, longer than the calyx, glabrous; stamens 10; filaments
distinct, the alternate ones longer and shorter ; carpels 5, sessile; styles filiform, glabrous;
stigmas obtuse. Follicle solitary, oblong, sessile, curved, velvety; seed oblong, shining,
with a fleshy cupuliform aril at its base.

Type species, Cnestidium rufescens Planch.

Cnestidium rufescens Planch. Linnaea 23: 440. 1850.
Rourea frutescens Griseb. Fl. Br. W. Ind. 229. 1860. Not &. frutescens Aubl. 1775.
Rourea hondurensis Donn.-Smith, Bot. Gaz. 40: 2. 1905.

A half-climbing shrub, 3 m. high or more, the young twigs and leaf-rachis velvety-
pubescent. Petioles 3-7 cm. long; leaflets 5-9, ovate-oblong to oblong-obovate, subcori-
aceous, 3-8 cm. long, 1.5-5 em. wide, glabrous above when old, velvety-pubescent beneath,
obtusish to short-acuminate at the apex, rounded, subcordate or narrowed at the base, the
veins elevated on the under side, 6-8 on each side of the midvein, the petiolules only about
2mm. long; panicles axillary and terminal, as long as the leaves or shorter, the rachis
densely velvety-pubescent ; calyx 2.5~-3 mm. long, velvety-pubescent, deeply cleft, its lobes
oblong, obtusish ; petals oblong, slightly unequal, a little longer than the calyx; longer
stamens about equaling the calyx; follicle oblong, strongly curved, 1.5 cm. long, about 9
mm. thick, densely brown-tomentose; seed obliquely oval, shining, twice aslong as the aril.

TYPE LOCALITY: Panama. .
DISTRIBUTION: Southern Mexico to Honduras and Panama; Cuba.

Family 17. CALYCANTHACEAE

By CHARLES Louis POLLARD

Shrubs, of variable height, with aromatic bark. Leaves opposite, estipulate,
the blades entire. Flowers rather large, solitary, terminal or axillary, com-
monly fragrant. Sepals and petals few or numerous, imbricated in several or
many series, inserted on the edge of the hollow cup-shaped receptacle. Androe-
cium composed of few or numerous stamens, borne on the receptacle, the inner
ones reduced to staminodia. Gynoecium composed of many separate carpels,
inserted within the receptacle. Ovary 1-celled, with 1 or 2 anatropous ovules ;
style filiform, with a terminal stigma. Fruita pseudocarp, consisting of the
obovoid or oblong somewhat accrescent receptacle bearing the adnate bases of
the floral leaves and enclosing numerous achenes with a tough, shining exocarp.
Seed solitary, erect, exendospermous, with membranous testa; embryo with
convolute cotyledons.

1. CALYCANTHUS L,. Syst. ed. 10. 1066. 1759.

Basteria Mill. (Fig. Pl. 40: pl. 60; hyponym. 1755) Dict. ed. 8. 1768.
Beureria Ebret (Pl. & Pap. Rar. pl. 77; hyponym. 1755); Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 5. 1891.
Butneria Duham. (Arb. & Arbust. 1: 113; hyponym. 1755); Kearney, Bull. Torrey Club 21:

173. 1894.

Shrubs, with opposite leaves and branches. Leaves glabrate above, often scabrous when
mature, frequently glaucous or pubescent beneath. Flowers reddish-purple, brownish or
yellowish, usually with the fragrance of strawberries. Sepals and petals imbricated in
several series. Stamens in few or numerous rows, only the outer fertile. Pseudocarp
capsule-like, nodding; other characters as in the family.

Type species, Calycanthus floridus \,.

Anthers oblong ; pseudocarp contracted at the mouth ; Atlantic species.
Leaf-blades pubescent or tomentose beneath.

Petals 1.5-2 em. long; leaf-blades acute or acuminate at base. 1. C. floridus.
Petals 2-3 cm. long; leaf-blades obtuse or subcordate at base. 2. C. Mokrit,
Leaf-blades glabrous or glaucous beneath when mature. 3. C. fertilis,
Anthers linear; pseudocarp open at the mouth ; Pacific species. 4. C. occidentalis,

1. Calycanthus floridus L,. Syst. ed. 10. 1066. 1759.

Calycanthus sterilis Walt. Fl, Car. 151. 1788.
Beurera florida Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 5. 1891.
Butneria florida Kearney, Bull. Torrey Club 21: 175. 1894.

An aromatic branching shrub, 0.6~3 m. high, with pubescent twigs and branchlets;
leaf-blades oval, elliptic, or ovate-elliptic, 5-12 cm. long, acute or rarely obtuse at apex,
acute or acuminate at base, pubescent on both surfaces when young, becoming at maturity
dark-green and scabrous above, soft-pubescent or tomentose beneath; flowers dull-purple,
very fragrant; sepals and petals pubescent, linear or oblong-linear, 1.5-2 cm. long; pseu-
docarp obovoid or oblong, somewhat tomentose; seed obovoid, slightly hirsute, about 10

mm. long.

TYPE LOCALITY: South Carolina.
DISTRIBUTION : Southern Virginia to Florida, Alabama, and Mississippi, chiefly on hillsides

and along streams.
ILLUSTRATIONS: Bot. Mag. #1. 503; Britt. & Brown, Ill. Fl. f. 1650.

VoLUME 22, Part 3, 1908] 237

238 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 22

2. Calycanthus Mohrii Small.
Buineria Mohrit Small, F1. SE. U.S. 528. 1903.

A branching shrub, 1-2 m. high, with pubescent twigs and branchlets; leaf-blades ovate
or oblong-ovate, 5-20 cm. long, acute or acuminate at apex, rounded or subcordate at base,
pubescent on both surfaces when young, becoming at maturity bright-green and somewhat
scabrous above, tomentose beneath; flowers purple, fragrant, on short peduncles; sepals and
petals pubescent, linear or linear-oblanceolate, 2-3 cm. long, often green-tipped ; mature
pseudocarp unknown.

TYPE LOCALITY : Lookout Mountain, Alabama.
DISTRIBUTION: Mountains, southern Tennessee and northern Alabama.

3. Calycanthus fertilis Walt. Fl. Car. 151. 1788.

Calycanthus nanus Loisel. Nouv. Duham. 1: 219. ee a 1803.
Calycanthus ferax Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 1: 305. 180.

Calycanthus glaucus Willd. Enum. 559. 1809.

Calycanthus laevigatus Willd. Enum. 559. 1809.

Calycanthus inodorus Ell. Bot. S. C. & Ga. 1: 576. 1821.

Beuvrera fertilis Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 5. 1891.

Beurera ferax Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 5. 1891.

Butneria fertilis Kearney, Bull. Torrey Club 21: 175. 1894.

Butneria nana Small, Fl. SE. U. S. 528. 1903.

A branching, aromatic shrub, 1-3 m. high, glabrous or with little pubescence; leaf-
blades rather thin or even membranaceous, oblong-lanceolate, ovate or elliptic, 6-20 cm.
long, acute or acuminate at apex, rounded or subacute at base, bright-green and scabrescent
above, paler or glaucous beneath; flowers greenish-purple, often inodorous; sepals and
petals pubescent, linear or linear-oblanceolate, 0.5-3 cm. long: pseudocarp obovoid or
oblong, nearly glabrous; seed oblong, 10-14 mm. long, obscurely flattened, slightly
pubescent.

TYPE LOCALITY: South Carolina.

DISTRIBUTION : Pennsylvania to North Carolina, eastern Kentucky and Tennessee and north-
ern Alabama, in mountainous regions,

ILLUSTRATIONS: Andr. Rep. 8: #/. 539; Bot. Reg. 5: pl. 404; Britt. & Brown, Ill. Fl. f. 1651.

4. Calycanthus occidentalis H. & A. Bot. Beech. Voy. 340. 1838.
Butneria occidentalis Greene, Erythea 1: 207. 1893.

A branching shrub, 1-3 m. high; leaf-blades thick, oblong-lanceolate, ovate or broadly
ovate, 7-20 cm. long, acute at the apex, rounded or subcordate at the base, glabrous on
both surfaces and strongly scabrous above when mature ; flowers brownish-purple, the upper
portion often fading tawny-brown when drying ; sepals and petals linear-spatulate, 1-3 cm.
long; pseudocarp campanulate or ovoid-campanulate.

TYPE LOCALITY: California.
DISTRIBUTION : California, in the Coast Range.
ILLUSTRATIONS: H. & A. Bot. Beech. Voy. p/. 84; Bot. Mag. p/. 4808; Fl. Serres pl, 1123.

Family 18. ROSACEAE
By PER AXEI, RYDBERG

Herbs, shrubs, or trees, of various habit. Leaves usually alternate, simple,
often pinnately or digitately dissected, or compound ; stipules usually present,
sometimes conspicuous. Flowers usually perfect, rarely dioecious or monoe-
cious, solitary or in spikes, racemes, corymbs, panicles or irregular cymes.
Hypanthium more or less developed, from flat or saucer-shaped to deeply cam-
panulate, urn-shaped or almost salver-shaped, often margined with a more or
less developed glandular annular disk, which bears the stamens. ‘Sepals nor-
mally 5, rarely 4 or 6-9, often subtended with a set of as many similar organs,
usually called bractlets. Petals as many as the sepals or wanting; androe-
cium of l1-many stamens; most commonly these are 20 in three series; one
series of 5, opposite the sepals, another also of 5, opposite the petals, and a
series of 10, two placed outside each of the latter; sometimes one or more
of these series is lacking or reduced or increased in number, or all the stamens
arranged in a single series on the more developed disk; filaments distinct, or
rarely slightly united at the base; anthers 2-celled. Gynoecium of 1-many,
usually wholly distinct pistils; ovaries 1-celled; styles terminal, lateral or
basal; ovules 1-few. Fruit of achenes, follicles or drupelets, sometimes raised
on an accrescent receptacle. Endosperm usually wanting or scant, but more
copious in Opulaster, the tribe Sorbarieae, etc.; embryo usually straight with
plane cotyledons (except in Osmaronia).

A. Fruit consisting of 1-5 dehiscent follicles.
Seeds not winged.
Carpels alternate with the sepals, or less in number ; stipules none or deciduous.
Carpels 1-5, if more than one more or less united below; seeds shining, pear-shaped,

with a bony coat; endosperm present. Tribe 1. NEILLIEAE.
Carpels usually 5, distinct; seeds dull, linear or linear-
lanceolate, with a thin coat; endosperm lacking. Tribe 2. SPIRAEEAE.

Carpels opposite to the sepals; stipules present, persistent. Tribe 3. SORBARIEAE.
Seeds winged; carpels in ours more or less united; stipules
deciduous. Tribe 4, QUILLAJEAE.
B, Fruit consisting of indehiscent achenes or drupelets.
I. Carpels not enclosed in a fleshy hypanthium.
a. Fruits consisting of dry achenes.
1. Ovules 2, one above the other ; achenes usually 1-seeded
and more or less flattened, arranged in a single circle.
Hypanthium hemispheric ; anthers cordate at the base,
more qr less didymous ; filaments filiform or subulate ;
shrubs with simple leaves. Tribe 5. HOLODISCEAE.
Hypanthium flat or nearly so; anthers nearly globose,
acute at the base; filaments subclavate; perennial
herbs with pinnately dissected leaves. Tribe 6. ULMARIEAE.
2. Ovules and seeds solitary ; achenes usually turgid and if
many spirally arranged.
a. Seeds inserted at the distal end of the ovary, 7. ¢., at
the point where the style arises, pendulous or in
genera with basal styles ascending ; radicle superior.
Dise at the mouth of the hypanthium annular or ob-
solete ; leaves and branches alternate.
Style articulated to the ovary ; hypanthium from
campanulate to almost flat, neither contracted at
the throat nor closely investing the achenes ; ;
flowers cymose or solitary. Tribe 7, POTENTILLEAE. pat :

VoLUME 22, Part 3, 1908] 239

240 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 22

Style not articulated to the ovary; hypanthium
more or less urn-shaped, contracted at the
mouth.
Styles nearly basal ; inflorescence cymose ; hy-
panthium loosely investing the achenes. Tribe 8. ALCHEMILLEAE.
Styles terminal; inflorescence spicate, race-
mose, or paniculate ; hypanthium indurate,
closely investing the achenes in fruit.
Styles perfectly terminal and straight, or
slightly bent to one side; herbs with
spicate or racemose inflorescence, Tribe 9. SANGUISORBEAE.
Styles inserted at one side of the cushion-
covered top of the ovary, doubly bent;
shrubs with paniculate inflorescence. Tribe 10. ADENOSTOMATEAE.
Disc at the mouth of the hypanthium produced intoa
cylindric tube, separating the stamens from the
pistils ; shrubs with opposite leaves and branches. Tribe 11. COLEOGYNEAE.
g. Seeds inserted at the proximal end of the ovary, 7. é.,
perfectly basal ; radicle inferior.
Styles wholly deciduous. Tribe 12. COLURIEAE.
Styles partly or wholly persistent.
Hypanthium hemispheric, campanulate or turbi-
nate, persistent. Tribe 13. DRYADEAE.
Hypanthium salver-shaped, the limb deciduous,
the tube persistent and closely investing the
fruit; shrubs. Tribe 14. CERCOCARPEAE.
8. Fruits of more or less fleshy drupelets; ovules 2, collateral.
Stamens few or many, inserted on the margin of the flat or
saucer-shaped hypanthium ; cotyledons flat.
Pistils at least as many as the ‘sepals, usually numerous ;
petals present at least in the staminiferous flowers. Tribe 15. RUBEAE.
Pistils 2-4, fewer than the sepals ; petals in ours none. Tribe 16. KERRIEAE.
Stamens 15, the 5 antisepalous ones inserted in the tube of
the campanulate hypanthium ; cotyledons convolute. Tribe 17. OSMARONIEAE.

II. Carpels enclosed in the hypanthium, which becomes fleshy in
fruit. Tribe 18. ROSEAE.

Tribe 1. NEILLIEAE. Shrubs, with alternate, toothed, and usually more
or less lobed leaves, and deciduous stipules. Inflorescence racemose or corym-
bose, or rarely paniculate. Hypanthium from hemispheric to deeply campanu-
late Cin Vez//ia). Disk more or less developed, bearing many stamens; anthers
didymous. Pistils 1-5; if more than one, more or less united at the base;
ovules 1-several. Seeds pear-shaped, with a bony shining coat.

1. OPULASTER Medic. Pfl. Anat. 109. 1799.

Spiraea § Physocarpos Camb. Ann. Sci. Nat. 1: 239. 1824.

Icotorus Raf, Bull. Bot. Seringe 216. 1830.

Epicostorus Raf. Atl, Jour.1: 144. 1832.

Physocarpa Raf. New F1.3: 73. 1838. Not for ee Necker, 1790.
Physocarpus Maxim. Acta Hort. Petrop. 6: 219. 187

Shrubs with exfoliating bark. Flowers in sie corymbs. Leaves alternate, 3-5-
ribbed, more or less lobed and usually with more or less stellate hairs. Hypanthium hemi-
spheric or nearly so. Sepals 5, persistent, stellate-tomentulose at least within. Petals 5,
white or rarely pinkish, spreading. Stamens 20-40, on a disk clothing the mouth of the
hypanthium ; filaments long, slender, filiform; anthers didymous. Pistils 1-5, more or less
united at the base; styles filiform, terminal; stigmas capitate; ovules 2-4, the uppermost
pendulous. Follicles more or less inflated, opening along both sutures; seeds 2-4, most
commonly 2, obliquely pear-shaped, shining with a bony coat; embryo straight; endo-
sperm copious.

Type species, Spiraea opulifolia Ly.

Carpels 3-5, united only at the base, turgid.
Mature carpels glabrous, ovate, usually 5.

Caruncle of the seeds lateral, about one-third as long as the seed ; folli-

cles usually twice as long ‘as the sepals ; leaves of the sterile shoots
usually longer than broad, 3-lobed 1. O. opulifolius.

Caruncle short, almost terminal ; follicles not more than half longer

rags sepals ; leaves of the sterile shoots scarcely longer than

road.

Par? 3, 1908] ROSACEAE 241

Carpels 8-10 mm. long, rather gradually acute ; leaves of the sterile

shoots often 5-lobed. 2. O. capitatus.
Carpels 3-6 mm. long, abruptly acute; leaves of the sterile shoots
3-lobed. 3. O. australis.

Mature carpels stellate, short-ellipsoid, abruptly acute, usually 3 or 4;
caruncle short.
Branches glabrous; leaf-blades of the sterile shoots cordate or rounded-

ovate,
Leaf-blades deeply lobed, as broad as long, cordate at the base ; west-

ern species. 4. O. cordatus,
Leaf-blades shallowly round-lobed, not cordate at the base, usually

longer than broad ; eastern species. 5. O. intermedius.

Branches more or less hairy or stellate, especially when young.
Leaf-blades of the sterile shoots ovate in outline, more or less acumi-

nate, sparingly pubescent. 6. O. alabamensis.
Leaf-blades of the sterile shoots round-ovate, merely acute, densely
stellate. 7. O, stellatus.

Carpels 2, united half their length, or only 1.
Carpels usually 2; stamens similar or nearly so.
Mature carpels more or less turgid; styles more or less spreading.
Bracts obovate or spatulate, often foliaceous and more or less per-
sistent. 8. O. bracteatus.
Bracts linear or linear-oblanceolate, membranous and caducous.
Pedicels and hypanthium almost glabrous; sepals stellate only
on the inner surface and near the margin; shrub 1 m. high or
more. 9. O. glabratus.
Pedicels, hypanthium, and calyx densely stellate; shrub 0.5 m.
high or less.

Leaves green on both sides, almost glabrous. 10. O. monogynus.
Leaves paler and densely stellate beneath. 11. O. Hapemanit.
Mature carpels flattened and decidedly keeled ; styles erect. 12. O. malvaceus.
Carpels usually solitary; alternate filaments longer and with more dilated
base ; leaves small, finely stellate. 13. O. alternans.

1. Opulaster opulifolius (1,.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 949. 1891.

Spiraea opulifolia I,. Sp. Pl. 489. 1753.

Opulaster bullatus Medic. Pfl. Anat. 109. 1799,

Physocarpa riparia Raf. New F1.3: 73. 1838.

Physocarpa opulifolia Raf, New F1.3: 73, in part. 1838.

Neillia opulifolia Brewer & Wats. Bot. Calif. 1: 171. 1876.

Physocarpus opulifolia Maxim. Acta Hort. Petrop. 6: 220. 1879.
Physocarpus michiganensis Daniels, Univ. Missouri Stud. Sci. 1: 291. 1907.

A shrub, 1-3 m. high, much branched; the old bark peeling off in layers; branches
glabrous or nearly so; leaf-blades of the flowering branches usually ovate, varying from
oblong-ovate to almost orbicular, glabrous except sometimes the veins and their axils, 2-7
em. long, 1.5-6 cm. wide, usually shallowly or indistinctly 3-lobed, but sometimes resemb-
ling those of the sterile shoots, acute, rounded or subcordate at the base, doubly crenate,
acute, obtuse or rounded at the apex; leaf-blades of the sterile shoots usually larger and
more deeply lobed, 6-10 cm. long, usually subcordate at the base, acute or somewhat acu-
minate at the apex ; corymb open; bracts spatulate or oblanceolate, early caducous; pedicels
1-2 cm., in fruit 2-3 cm. long, glabrous or stellate-pubescent ; hypanthium about 4mm. wide,
stellate or glabrate; sepals ovate, acute, about 3 mm. long, sparingly stellate or glabrate
without, densely white stellate-tomentose within ; petals orbicular or broadly obovate, 34
mim. long, white or pinkish; follicles usually 5, in age perfectly glabrous, 8-10 mm. long,
ovate, rather long-acuminate; seed obliquely pear-shaped, nearly 2 mm. long; caruncle
long, about one-third as long as the seed.

TYPE LOCALITY: Virginia. :

DISTRIBUTION : Rocky river banks, from Quebec to Virginia, Tennessee, and Michigan.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Ann. Sci. Nat. 1: f/. 17; Nouv. Duham. pi: 14; Loud. Arb. pl. 427, 428;
Britt. & Brown, Ill. Fl. /. 2882.

2. Opulaster capitatus (Pursh) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 2: 949. 1891.

Spiraea capitaia Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. 342. 1814.

Spiraea dpulifolia tomentella Seringe, in DC. Prodr. 2: 542. 1825.
Spiraea opulifolia B Hook. F1. Bor. Am.1: 171. 1832.
Physocarpa tomentosa Raf. New F1.3: 74. 1838.

Spiraea opulifolia mollis T. & G. Fl. N. Am. 1: 414, 1840.
Neillia opulifolia mollis Brewer & Wats. Bot. Calif. 1: 171. 1876.
Neillia capiiaia Greene, Pittonia 2: 28. 1889.

242 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA (VoLUME 22

Physocarpus capiiatus Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 219, 1891.

Opulaster opulsfolius capilatus Jepson, Fl. W. Middle Calif, 276. 1901.
Physocarpa opultfolia or glabra Raf. New FL. 3: 73, in part. 1838.*
Spiraea ribifolia Nutt.; T. & G. Fl. N. Am. 1: 414, asa synonym. 1840.
Neillia opulifolia multiflora Durand, Jour. Acad. Phila. IT. 3:87. 1855.
Neillia opulifolia Brewer & Wats. Bot. Calif. 1: 171, 1876.

A shrub, with surculose branches, interlacing among willows and laurels, sometimes
even 7m. long ; branches glabrous or slightly stellate ; petioles 1-3 cm. long; leaf-blades of
the flowering branches broadly rounded-ovate or pentagonal in outline, distinctly 3-5-lobed
with incised or doubly serrate lobes, truncate, rounded or cordate at the base, acute or
obtuse at the apex, sparingly pubescent or glabrous above, more densely stellate-pubescent
or sometimes glabrous beneath, 3-6 cm. long and usually fully as broad; leaf-blades of the
sterile shoots 6-10 cm. long, more deeply lobed, more deeply incised and sometimes with
longer acuminate terminal lobe; inflorescence dense; bracts linear-lanceolate, very early
caducous ; pedicels 1-2 cm. long, in fruit 2-3 cm. long, rather densely stellate; hypan-
thium 4-5 mm. wide, equally densely stellate on both sides; sepals ovate, acute, stellate;
petals orbicular, about 4 mm. long ; carpels usually 5, perfectly glabrous when mature, 8-10
mm. long, ovate, rather long-acuminate ; seeds fully 2 mm. long, obliquely pear-shaped ;
caruncle short and nearly terminal.

TYPE LOCALITY: Northwest coast [of America].
DISTRIBUTION: Among willows and laurels, from southern British Columbia to central Cali-
fornia and Idaho.

3. Opulaster australis Rydberg, sp. nov.
? Sptraea caroliniana Marsh. Arbust. 146; hyponym. 1785.

A shrub, 1-2 m. high, branches light-brown, angled, glabrous; petioles 1-2 cm. long;
leaf-blades broadly ovate in outline, glabrous, rounded or truncate at the base, acute at the
apex, deeply 3-lobed, double-toothed with ovate teeth, dark-green above, paler beneath,
4-8 cm. long, 3.5-7 cm. wide ; inflorescence dense; pedicels about 1 cm. long, in fruit 1.5-2
em. long, densely stellate; bracts linear, caducous; hypanthium 3-4 mm. wide, stellate ;
sepals 2.5-3 mm. long, ovate, acute, stellate on both sides; petals almost orbicular, 4 mm.
long; carpels usually 5, glabrous, 3-6 mm. long, abruptly acute; seeds rounded-pear-
shaped; caruncle very short and nearly terminal.

Type collected on the summit of Stone Mountain, North Carolina, in 1891, Small & Heller 256.
DISTRIQUTION: Mountains, from Virginia to South Carolina.

4, Opulaster cordatus Rydberg, sp. nov.
Opulasier captiatus Holz. Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 3: 221, in part. 1895.

A tall shrub; branches brown, glabrous and shining ; petioles 2-3 cm. long; leaf-blades
rounded-cordate to somewhat reniform in outline, 4-10 cm. long and about as -broad, 3-5-
lobed with rounded or acute lobes, serrate with rounded-ovate teeth, glabrous on both sides
or with scattered hairs beneath, usually more or less cordate at the base, acute at the apex;
inflorescence dense; pedicels about 2 cm. long, densely stellate; hypanthium 5 mm. wide,
densely stellate; sepals ovate, acute, densely stellate, 3-4 mm. long; carpels 3-5, densely
stellate, 8-9 mm. long, abruptly acute.

Type collected in a deep cafion, Farmington Landing, Lake Coeur d’Alene, Idaho, in 1892,
Sandberg, MacDougal & Heller 575, in part.
DISTRIBUTION: Western Idaho to northern California.

5. Opulaster intermedius Rydb. in Britton, Man. 492. 1901.

? Spiraea opulifolia tomeniella Seringe, in DC. Prodr. 2: 542. 1825.
Opulaster Ramaleyi A. Nelson, Bot. Gaz. 34: 367. 1902.

? Opulaster opulifolius tomentellus C. K. Schneid. Handb. Laubh. 1: 442, 1904,
Physocarpus intermedius C. K. Schneid. Handb. Laubh, 1: 807. 1906.
Physocarpus missourtensis Daniels, Univ. Missouri Stud. Sci. 1: 291. 1907.

A shrub, 1-1.5 dm. high; branches glabrous or nearly so; petioles 1-2 cm. long; leaf-
blades ovate to orbicular in outline, usually shallowly 3-lobed, 2-6 cm. long, doubly crenate,

*This and the following synonyms represent the more glabrous form.

Part 3, 1908] ROSACEAE 243

obtuse or acute at the apex, obtuse, truncate or subcordate at the base, glabrous or nearly so
above, usually sparingly hairy beneath ; inflorescence dense, but the flowers less numerous
than in the preceding ; bracts linear-oblanceolate, caducous ; pedicels 1-1.5 cm. long, stellate-
pubescent ; hypanthium 3-4 mm. wide, stellate ; sepals ovate, acute, densely stellate on both
sides; petals broadly obovate, about 4mm. long; carpels usually 3 or 4, permanently stel-
late, inflated, united at the base, rounded-ellipsoid, abruptly acuminate, 7-8 mm. long;
seed pear-shaped, only slightly oblique, a little less than 2 mm. long; caruncle small, near
the end.

TYPE LOCALITY: Not given in the original publication, but the type was collected on French
Creek, 10 miles below Custer, Black Hills, South Dakota, P. A. Rydberg.

DISTRIBUTION : Creek banks and hillsides from western New York to Missouri, Colorado, and
the Black Hills of South Dakota.

6. Opulaster alabamensis Rydberg, sp. nov.
Opulaster intermedius Small, Fl. SE. U. S. 513, in part. 1903.

Ashrub, 1-2 m. high; branches more or less stellate when young; petioles 1-2 cm. long;
leaf-blades of the flowering branches rounded-ovate, 2-5 cm. long, often indistinctly 3-lobed,
doubly crenate, obtuse or acute at the apex, acute to rounded at the base, sparingly hairy
or glabrous above, more stellate-pubescent beneath ; blades of the sterile shoots more deeply
lobed; the terminal lobe elongate and often acuminate ; hypanthium nearly 4 mm. wide,
densely stellate ; sepals ovate-acute, densely stellate on both sides; petals orbicular, a little
over 3 mm. long; carpels 3-5, about 8 mm. long, rounded-ellipsoid, abruptly acute, per-
manently stellate; seeds pear-shaped, over 1.5 mm. long; caruncle rather long.

Type collected at Auburn, Lee County, Alabama, June 5, 1897, &. S. Earle & C. F. Bazer.
DISTRIBUTION: Alabama and South Carolina.

7. Opulaster stellatus Rydb.; Small, Fl. SE. U.S. 513. 1903.

Spiraea opulifolia ferruginea Nutt.; T. & G. Fl. N. Am. 1: 414. 1840.
Netllia opulifolia ferruginea S. Wats. Bibl. Ind. 1: 290. 1878.
Physocarpus ferrugineus Daniels, Univ. Missouri Stud. Sci. 1: 291.* 1907.

A low branched shrub; branches densely stellate-pubescent; petioles 1 cm. or less long;
leaf-blades ovate to orbicular in outline, 1-4 cm. long, shallowly 3-lobed, rounded, obtuse or
acutish at the apex, obtuse or rounded at the base, copiously stellate, especially beneath ;
inflorescence rather small; pedicels 1-1.5 cm. long, stellate; hypanthium about 3 mm.
wide; sepals ovate, acute, densely stellate on both sides; follicles mostly 4, about 6 mm.
long, rounded-ellipsoid, abruptly acute, permanently stellate; seeds pear-shaped, nearly 2
mm. long.

TYPE LOCALITY: Georgia. :
DISTRIBUTION: Florida and Georgia.

8. Opulaster bracteatus Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 31: 558. 1904.
Opulaster Ramaleyi A, Nels. (Bot. Gaz. 34: 367, in part. 1902); Rydb. Fl. Colo. 179. 1906.

A shrub, 1-2 m. high; branches yellowish-green, glabrous; stipules linear-lanceolate,
about 5 mm. long, pubescent; petioles 1-3 cm. long; leaf-blades 2-7 cm. long, broadly
ovate or subcordate in outline, more or less deeply 3-lobed, doubly crenate, obtuse or acute
at the apex, rounded, truncate or subcordate at the base, glabrous or nearly so, somewhat
paler beneath; corymb many-flowered; bracts obovate or spatulate, often foliaceous and
more of less persistent, pubescent; pedicels 1-2 cm. long, softly stellate; hypanthium
about 4 mm. wide, densely stellate; sepals ovate, acute, densely stellate on both sides,
about 3 mm. long; petals white, rounded-ovate, 4-5 mm. long; carpels 2, or rarely 3,
densely stellate, united at least half their length ; styles ascending.

TYPE LOCALITY: New Windsor, Colorado.
DISTRIBUTION : Mountains of Colorado.

9. Opulaster glabratus Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 31: 559. 1904.

A shrub, about 1m. high; branches yellowish or reddish, glabrous; petioles 1-2 cm.
long ; leaf-blades rounded-ovate, orbicular, or sometimes slightly reniform, 2~3 cm. long,

244 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLumE 22

glabrous, slightly paler beneath, 3-5-lobed, doubly crenate, obtuse or rounded at the apex,
truncate or cordate at the base; corymb rather small; bracts small, lanceolate, caducous ;
pedicels 1-1.5 cm. long, glabrous; hypanthium 3.5-4 mm. wide, almost glabrous; sepals
oval or rounded-ovate, obtuse, sparingly stellate without (mostly near the margin) and
densely so within, about 3 mm. long; petals rounded-ovate, about 4 mm. long, pink or
white ; follicles 2, united to above the middle, densely stellate ; seeds nearly 2 mm. long,
pear-shaped, slightly oblique ; caruncle elongate.

TYPE LOCALITY: West Spanish Peak, Colorado.
DISTRIBUTION: Mountains of Colorado.

10. Opulaster monogynus (Torr.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 949. 1891.

Spiraea monogyna Torr. Ann. Lyc. N. ¥.2: 194, 1827.

Icotorus monianus Raf. Bull. Bot. Seringe 216. 1830.

Epicostorus montanus Raf. Atl. Jour. 1: 144. 1832.

Spiraea opulifolia paucifiora T. & G. Fl. N. Am. 1: 414, in part. 1840.
Spiraea opultifolia parvifiora Porter & Coult. Syn. Fl. Colo. 33. 1874.
Neillia Torreyi S. Wats. Proc, Am. Acad. 11: 136, 1876.

Physocarpus Torreyi Maxim, Acta Hort. Petrop. 6: 221. 1879.

Neillia monogyna Greene, Pittonia 2: 29. 89.

Physocarpus monogynus Coult. Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb. 2: 104. 1891.

Ashrub, usually less than 1 m. high, with usually decumbent stems; branches brownish,
glabrous or sparingly stellate; petioles 1 cm. long or less; leaf-blades 1-3 cm., rounded-
ovate to reniform in outline, usually rather deeply 3-5-lobed, incised; glabrous or nearly
so and green on both sides; corymb rather few-flowered ; bracts lanceolate and caducous ;
pedicels 1-1.5 cm. long, usually sparingly stellate; hypanthium about 3 mm. wide, stellate ;
sepals lance-ovate to elliptic, usually obtuse, densely stellate on both sides; petals white,
orbicular, about 3 mm. long; follicles 2 (rarely 3), united to above the middle, densely
stellate, 3-4 mm. long with ascending-spreading beaks; seeds obliquely pear-shaped, over
1.5 mm. long.

TYPE LOCALITY : Rocky Mountains [Colorado].
DISTRIBUTION : High mountains, from the Black Hills of South Dakota and Wyoming to Texas
and New Mexico; also Nevada.

11. Opulaster Hapemanii Rvdberg, sp. nov.

A low shrub, 1 m. or less high; branches brownish and rather densely pubescent; peti-
oles 1 cm. or less long; leaf-blades rounded-ovate to reniform in outline, 1-2 cm. broad,
rather deeply 3-lobed, incised, obtuse or rounded at the apex, truncate or cordate at the
base, more or less densely stellate on both sides, paler beneath; corymb few-flowered; bracts
lanceolate, caducous; pedicels 1-1.5 cm. long, stellate; hypanthium about 3.5 mm. wide,
densely stellate ; sepals broadly ovate, obtuse, about 3 mm. long; petals white, rounded-
oval, about 3 mm. long; follicles 2, densely stellate, united to above the middle; beaks
ascending-spreading ; seeds pear-shaped, nearly 2 mm. long; caruncle small.

Type collected in the Big Horn Mountains, Wyoming, August, 1892, Dr. H. Hapeman.
DISTRIBUTION: Mountains of Wyoming and Utah.

12. Opulaster malvaceus (Greene) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 949. 1891.

Spiraea opulifolia y Hook. Fl. Bor. Am. 1: 171. 1832.

Spiraea opulifolia paucifiora T. & G. Fl. N. Am. 1: 414, in part. 1840.
Spiraea paucifiora Nutt.; T. & G. Fl. N. Am. 1: 414, asasynonym. 1840.
Neillia malvacea Greene, Pittonia 2: 30. 1889.

Physocarpus malvaceus Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 219. 1891.

Neillia monogyna malvacea M. EB. Jones, Zoe 4: 43, 1893.

Opulaster paucifiorus Heller, Bull. Torrey Club 25: 581, 626. 1898.
Opulaster pubescens Rydb. Mem. N. VY. Bot. Gard. 1: 265. 1900.
Neillia Torreyi Hook. f. Bot. Mag. pl. 7758. 1901.

Physocarpus pauctfiorus Piper, Fl, Palouse Reg. 94. 1901.

A shrub, 1-2 m. high; branches brown, stellate or glabrous; petioles 1-2 cm. long; leaf-
blades orbicular or rounded-ovate in outline, more or less distinctly 3-5-lobed, doubly cre-
nate, glabrous or more or less stellate on both sides, thin, obtuse, or those of the sterile
shoots acute at the apex, usually cordate at the base, 2-6 cm. long and about as broad;
bracts spatulate or cuneate, caducous; pedicels 1-2 cm. long, densely stellate; hypanthium

Parr 3, 1908] ROSACEAE 245

4-5 mm. wide, stellate; sepals ovate, 4-5 mm. long, stellate on both sides, acute or some-
times obtuse; petals white, orbicular or broadly obovate, often 5 mm. long; follicles 2,
united nearly two-thirds their length, about 5 mm. long, flattened laterally, and somewhat
keeled, dehiscent after falling; beaks straight, erect; seeds elliptic-pyriform, 1.5-2 mm.
long ; caruncle small.

TYPE LOCALITY: Shore of Lake Pend d’Oreille, northern Idaho

DISTRIBUTION : Mountains, hillsides, and rocky banks, from British Columbia to Oregon, Utah,
Wyoming, and Montana.

ILLUSTRATION: Bot. Mag. pl. 7758 (as Netllia Torreyt).

13. Opulaster alternans (M. E. Jones) Heller, Cat. N. Am. Pl.
ed. 2: 5. 1900.

Neila opulifolia pauciflora S. Wats. Bot. King’s Expl. 80, in part. 1871.
Neillia opulifolia alternans M. E. Jones, Zoe 4: 42. 1893.
Netllia alternans M. E, Jones, Zoe 4: 43, asasynonym. 1893.

A low shrub, with divaricate branches; branches gray, finely stellate; petioles 0.5-1 cm.
long; leaf-blades orbicular or reniform, about 1 cm. long, more or less deeply 3-lobed, doubly
crenate, rounded or obtuse at the apex, usually cordate at the base, stellate-pubescent on
both sides, densely so beneath ; corymbs few-flowered ; bracts oblanceolate, usually laciniate,
caducous; pedicels 1 cm. or less long, densely stellate ; hypanthium stellate, 3-4 mm. wide ;
sepals densely stellate on both sides, ovate, obtuse; petals white, rounded, ovate, about 3
mm. long; follicles usually solitary, about 5 mm. long, densely stellate, beak erect.

TYPE LOCALITY: Schell Creek Mountains, Nevada.
DISTRIBUTION: Mountains of Utah and Nevada.

Tribe 2. SPIRAEEAE. Shrubs, undershrubs, or herbs, with alternate
leaves without stipules. Flowers racemose, corymbose, paniculate or solitary.
Hypanthium hemispheric, campanulate, turbinate, or saucer-shaped. Disk
more or less developed, bearing 15-70 stamens. Pistils normally 5, distinct ;
ovules few. Seeds linear-lanceolate or oblong, pendulous, usually tapering at
each end, with a thin seed-coat. Endosperm none or very scant.

Stamens inserted on the margin of the hypanthium; flowers perfect; shrubs or undershrubs
with simple leaves.
Filaments free; leaves entire or toothed.
Carpels dehiscent on the ventral suture; shrubs with deciduous leaves. 2. SPIRAEA.

Carpels dehiscent dn both sutures; cespitose tufted undershrubs with per-
sistent leaves.

Flowers racemose, rarely somewhat paniculate ; stamens 20. 3, PETROPHYTUM.
Flowers solitary, nearly sessile at the ends of the short branches; sta-
mens 10. 4. KELSEYA.
Filaments united at the base ; leaves twice or thrice 3-cleft. f 5. LUETKEA.
Stamens inserted on the inside of the hypanthium ; flowers dioecious; tall
herbs with twice or thrice compound leaves. 6. ARUNCUS.

2. SPIRAEA L,. Sp. Pl. 489. 1753.
Dimopogon Raf. Sylva Tell. 151. 1838.
Xamedryon Raf. Sylva Tell. 151. 1838.
Awayus Raf, Sylva Tell. 151. 1838.

Shrubs of the northern hemisphere, with simple, feather-veined leaves, which are usu-
ally serrate, and no stipules, Inflorescence racemose, corymbose or paniculate. Flowers
in ours perfect. Hypanthium hemispheric, campanulate or turbinate. Sepals 5, valvate
or slightly imbricate. Petals 5, imbricate or contorted, white to red. Stamens 15-70,
inserted in 1-several series under the margin of a more or less developed disk; filaments
subulate ; anthers didymous. Pistils 5, rarely 3,4, or 6-8, distinct, inserted in the bottom of
the hypanthium; styles terminal; stigmas capitate or discoid; ovules 2~-several, anatropous,
pendulous. Follicles leathery, not inflated, opening along the ventral side; seeds several,
in ours usually 4, pendulous, linear-lanceolate or oblong, tapering at both ends; endo-
sperm none or almost none.

Type species, Spiraea salictifolia L.

246 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 22

A. Inflorescence simple.

Flowers in axillary umbels. 1. S. pruntfolia.
Flowers in terminal racemes or corymbs.
Flowers racemose; leaves entire. 2. S. Hartwegiana.
Flowers corymbose ; leaves toothed. 3, S. ulmifolia.

B. Inflorescence compound; flowers paniculate.
I. Panicle flat-topped.
Sepals reflexed.
Carpels hairy ; corolla white. 4. S. Slevent.
Carpels glabrous ; corolla rose-colored. 17. S: subvillosa.
Sepals erect or spreading.
Petals pink or rose-colored.
Young twigs, branches of the inflorescence, petioles and veins of
the leaves beneath finely puberulent. 5. S. splendens.
Whole plant glabrous, except a few cilia on the leaves and bracts.
Leaves rounded-oval to elliptic, crenate above, entire at the

base; sepals rounded at the apex. 6. S. densifiora.
Leaves elliptic-oblong, sharply serrate; sepals acutish. 7. S. Helleri.
Petals white, seldom tinged with rose; corymb larger.
Plant perfectly glabrous. 8. S. lucida.

Plant more or less hairy.
Hypanthium abruptly contracted below; leaves slightly if at
all glaucous, oval to oblong. . 5. corynibosa.
Hypanthium turbinate, gradually tapering below ; leaves very
glaucous beneath, very acute.
Leaf-blades oblanceolate or obovate, entire or toothed to-

wards the apex. 10. S. virginiana.
Leaf-blades lanceolate or ovate, sharply serrate, except at .
the base. 11. S. japonica.

II, Panicle elongate, conic, ovoid, or lanceolate.
Sepals merely spreading ; disk obsolete.
Inflorescence glabrous; leaf-blades broadly oblanceolate to obovate. 12. S. latifolia.
Inflorescence pubescent.
Leaf-blades narrowly oblanceolate, broadest above the middle;

petals white. 13. S. alba.
Leaf-blades lance-elliptic, broadest about the middle; petals
pinkish. 14, S. salicifolia.

Sepals soon reflexed ; disk usually rather conspicuous.
Leaves not tomentose beneath.
Inflorescence short and rather open, oblong, ovoid or obovoid.
Young branches and leaves glabrous; inflorescence small ;

petals pink. 15. S. roseola.
Young branches more or less pubescent ; inflorescence usually
large.
Leaves glabrous or nearly so, except the margin; petals
white. 16. S. pyramidaia.
Leaves finely pubescent beneath ; petals pink. 17. S. subvillosa.

Inflorescence long, dense, usually cylindric; petals rose or pink. 18. S. Menziesit.
- Leaves tomentose beneath.
Petals white ; inflorescence short, obovoid. 19. S. tomeniulosa.
Petals rose or purplish ; inflorescence cylindric.
Follicles glabrous.
Leaves widest at or above the middle, coarsely toothed
above, entire at the base. 20. S. Douglasit.
Leaves lanceolate, broadest below the middle, finely serrate
throughout. 21. S. subcanescens.
Follicles arachnoid-hairy ; leaf-blades ovate or oval, acute at
both ends. 22. S. lomentosa.

1. Spiraea prunifolia Sieb. & Zucc. Fl. Jap.1: 131. 1835.

Ashrub, 1-3 m. high, upright with slender branches ; bark of these brown, at first finely
pubescent; leaves short-petioled ; blades 2-5 cm. long, ovate or elliptic, serrulate, softly
pubescent beneath, glabrous or nearly so above ; flowers in 3-6-flowered umbels ; pedicels
1-3 cm. long; sepals ovate, obtuse, 1.5 mm. long; petals pure white, rounded-obovate, 4-
5 mm. long, exceeding the stamens; follicles glabrous. A cultivated form has double
flowers on comparatively long pedicels and more shining leaves.

TYPE LOCALITY: Cultivated in Japanese gardens, probably from Korea or northern China.

DISTRIBUTION : Extensively cultivated and occasionally escaped in the New England States.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Sieb. & Zucc. Fl. Jap. pi. 70; Otto, Gartenzeit. 1847: pl. 7; Fl. Serres 2: pi.
153, 154; C. K. Schneid. Handb. Laubh. 1: f. 288.

.2, Spiraea Hartwegiana Rydberg.

Spiraea parvifolia Benth. Pl. Hartw. 36. 1840. Not S. parvifolia Raf. 1838.

A small shrub, 9-12 dm. high; bark of the twigs chestnut-brown, glabrous, shining ;
buds glabrous; leaf-blades oblanceolate or linear-cuneate, rather crowded, 7-15 mm. long, 2-3

Parr 3, 1908] ROSACEAE 247

mm. wide, entire, thick, dark-green, mucronate; inflorescence racemose, 1-2 cm. long;
bracts linear, 1-3 mm. long; pedicels about 2 mm. long; hypanthium turbinate, glabrous,
about 1.5 mm. high; sepals triangular, acute, about 1 mm. long, valvate in aestivation;
petals white, obovate, about 2 mm. long; stamens 15-20; filaments subulate, half as long
as the petals; pistils usually 3; follicles obovoid, apiculate, 2-2.5 mm. long, glabrous;
seeds about 4, linear-lanceolate, acute at both ends.

TYPE LOCALITY: Puenta del Dio, Mexico.
DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality.

3. Spiraea ulmifolia Scop. Fl. Carn. ed. 2.1: 349. 1772.
Spiraea chamaedryfolia Jacq. Hort. Vind. 2: 66. 1772. Not S. chamaedryfolia l.. 1753.

A shrub, about 2m. high; bark of the young twigs light-brown or yellowish ; that of the
previous season’s growth rather dull, more or less exfoliating, and of the old stems brown;
petioles slender, 5-10 mm. long; leaf-blades thin, oval or ovate, 3-5 cm. long, acute at
both ends, sharply and more or less doubly serrate, green on both sides, sparingly hairy
or glabrous except the margins; inflorescence a rather dense, rounded corymb; pedicels
1.5-2 cm. long, glabrous; hypanthium campanulate, glabrous, fully 1.5 mm. deep; sepals
glabrous, nearly 2 mm. long, ovate, acute, in fruit more or less reflexed; petals white,
orbicular or rounded-ovate, about 5 mm. long; follicles glabrous, oblong, about 3 mm.
long, their beaks minute.

TYPE LOCALITY: Near Idria, Carniola, Austria.

DISTRIBUTION: Austria-Hungary and Balkan Peninsula; cultivated and occasionally escaped
in the eastern states ; especially established in Connecticut.

ILLUSTRATIONS : Jacq. Hort. Vind. /. 140; Bot. Reg. 15: pl. 1222 (both as S. chamaedry-
Solia) ; Scop. Fl. Carn. pl. 22* ; Loud. Arb. f. 470; Fl. Deuts. ed. 5, pl. 2563A.

4. Spiraea Steveni (C. K. Schneid.) Rydberg.

Spiraea chamaedrifolia media Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. 342, in part. 1814. :

Spiraea chamaedryfolia Cham. & Schlecht Linnaea 2: 2. 1827. Not S. chamaedryfolia 1. 1753.

Spiraea chamaedrifolia B Hook. Fl. Bor. Am.1: 171. 1832,

Spiraea betulifolia BT. & G. Fl. N. Am. 1: 414. 1840, A :

Spiraea betulifolia Rothr. Rep. Smithson. Inst. 1867: 445, name. 1867.—Greene, Pittonia 2: 219.
1892. Not S. detulifolia Pallas, 1784. .

Spiraea Beauverdiana Steveni C. K. Schneid, Bull. Herb. Boiss. II. 5: 348. 1905.

A low shrub, 4-6 dm. high ; bark of twigs dark-brown, finely puberulent, the outer layer
sooner or later exfoliating; petioles 1-2 mm. long; leaf-blades elliptic or oval, 1-4 cm.
long, crenate except at the base, minutely puberulent or glabrate, usually rounded at both
ends; inflorescence flat-topped, 2-5 cm. wide, its branches puberulent; hypanthium hemi-
spheric, scarcely 1 mm. deep, puberulent ; sepals ovate, acute, 1 mm. long, at last reflexed ;
petals white, orbicular, about 2 mm. long; follicles oblanceolate, pubescent, 3-4 mm. long,

their beaks about 1 mm. long; seeds linear-lanceolate, tapering at each end.

TYPE LOCALITY: Kamchatka. . ;
DISTRIBUTION : Alaska to the Mackenzie ; also in Kamchatka.

5. Spiraea splendens Baumann; K. Koch, Monats. Ver. Bef.
Gart. Preuss. 18: 294. 1875.

Spiraea betulifolia rosea A. Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 8: 381. 1872.
Spiraea lucida rosea Greene, Pittonia 2: 221. 1892.

Spiraea rosea Koehne, Deuts. Dendr. 218. 1893. Not S. rosea Raf. 1838.

Spiraea arbuscula Greene, Erythea 3: 63. 1895.

A shrub, 6-12 dm. high, with erect branches; bark of the twigs dark reddish-brown, finely
puberulent, the outer layer exfoliating the following year ; leaves subsessile or with very
short petioles; blades oval, rounded at both ends, 2-3.5 cm. long, dull, thick, finely puberu-
lent keneath, serrate or dowbly serrate, but usually entire at the base, strongly veined beneath ;
inflorescence small, dense, flat-topped or rounded, 2-4 cm. (seldom 5 cm.) high and broad,
its branches finely puberulent; hypanthium hemispheric, glabrous or nearly so, 1.5 mm.
deep; sepals triangular, acute, erect ormerely spreading ; petals rose-colored, obovate, about

248 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VorumE 22

1 mm. long, surpassed by the slender filaments ; follicles shining, oblanceolate, their bodies
about 2.5 mm. and beaks 1 mm. long ; seeds linear-lanceolate, nearly 2 mm. long.

TYPE LOCALITY : California.
DISTRIBUTION: In the mountains of California and Oregon.

6. Spiraea densiflora Nutt.; T. & G. Fl. N. Am. 1: 414. 1840.

A low shrub, 2-6 dm. high, with ascending branches; bark of the twigs dark reddish-
brown, glabrous, the outer layers exfoliating sooner or later; that of the older stems often
dark purplish-brown ; leaves with very short petioles; blades oval or elliptic, rounded at
each end, glabrous or essentially so, bright-green above, somewhat paler beneath, crenate
or serrate above the middle, entire at the base, 1.5-3 cm. long; inflorescence small, flat-
topped or rounded, 2-4 cm. high and broad, its branches glabrous; hypanthium glabrous,
hemispheric, slightly more than 1 mm. deep; sepals ovate, obtuse, erect or merely spread-
ing; petals rose-colored, nearly 1.5 mm. long, obovate, surpassed by the slender filaments ;
follicles glabrous and shining, oblanceolate, their, bodies nearly 3 mm. and beaks 1 mm.
long ; seeds linear-lanceolate, nearly 2 mm. long.

TYPE LOCALITY: Not given, but Nuttall’s specimens were collected in the Blue Mountains of
Oregon.

DISTRIBUTION : In the mountains from British Columbia to Oregon, Wyoming, and Montana.

7. Spiraea Helleri Rydberg, sp. nov.

A low shrub, less than 1 m. high; bark of twigs glabrous, reddish-brown, becoming very
dark and exfoliating the next year ; petioles about 2mm. long; leaf-blades rather dark-green,
glabrous, elliptic, acute or obtuse, 2-4 cm. long, sharply serrate, except at the very base;
inflorescence flat-topped or rounded, about 3 cm. broad and high, its branches glabrous;
hypanthium glabrous, hemispheric, about 1 mm. deep; sepals ovate, acute, erect or spread-
ing, about 1 mm. long; petals rose-colored, oval, 1.5 mm. long.

Type collected near Summit Station (Donner Pass), Nevada County, California, in 1903, A. A.
ffeller 7022 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.)

DISTRIBUTION : On damp hillsides, Sierra Nevada, in the vicinity of the type locality.

8. Spiraea lucida Dougl.; Hook. Fl. Bor. Am. 1: 172, asa synonym.
1832. — Greene, Pittonia 2: 221. 1892.
Spiraea betultfolia Hook. Fl. Bor. Am.1: 172. 1832. Not S. be/ulifolia Pall. 1784.
Spiraea corymbosa lucida Zabel, Handb. Laubh. Deuts. Dendr. Ges. 157. 1903.

A low shrub, with creeping rootstock ; stems and branches erect, often dying down annu-
ally to near the base, 3-10 dm. high; bark of the twigs glabrous, rather light-brown, the
outer layers sooner or later peeling off and then becoming darker ; petioles 4-8 mm. long;
blades of the lower leaves obovate, of the upper oval, often acutish, 2-6 cm. long, thin,
glabrous throughout, more or less shining above, paler beneath, coarsely serrate or incised ;
inflorescence flat-topped, 3-10 cm. broad; hypanthium hemispheric, glabrous, 1.5 mm.
deep, light-green ; sepals triangular, acute, about 1 mm. long, erect or merely spreading ;
petals white, orbicular, about 2 mm. long; filaments slender, about twice as long as the
petals; follicles glabrous, shining, oblanceolate, about 3.5 mm. long, their beaks 1 mm.
long ; seeds linear-lanceolate, attenuate at each end, 2.5-3 mm. long.

TYPE LOCALITY : Valleys of the Rocky Mountains.
DISTRIBUTION: In the mountains, from British Columbia to Oregon, Wyoming, and Sas-
katchewan.

9. Spiraea corymbosa Raf. Préc. Découv. 36. 1814.

Spiraca betulifolia Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. 342. 1814, Not S. betulifolia Pallas, 1784.
Spiraea sororia Penny ; G. Don, in Loud. Hort. Brit. ed. 2. 600. 1832.

Spiraea ostryfolia Rat. ‘New FI. 3: 69. 1838.

Spiraea repens Raf. New F1.3: 70. 1838.

Sptraea betulifolia corymbosa Maxim.; C. K. Schneid. Handb, Laubh. 1: 479. 1905.

A shrub, 3-10 dm. high ; stems erect, simple or slightly branched; bark of the twigs
chestnut-brown or reddish, usually with scattered hairs, sometimes quite pubescent or gla-
brate, sooner or later exfoliating ; petioles 3-8 mm. long; leaf-blades thin, oval, elliptic or

Part 3, 1908] ROSACEAE 249

suborbicular, 2-10 cm. long, coarsely and sharply serrate above the middle, with sharp or
mucronate teeth, rounded, subcordate, or acute at the base, acute, obtuse, or even
rounded at the apex, paler beneath, with scattered hairs on the veins and petioles; panicle
flat-topped, 3-10 cm. wide ; branches more or less pubescent; hypanthium hemispheric, 1
mm. deep; sepals triangular, acute, erect or merely spreading; petals orbicular, white, 1.5
mm. long; follicles oblanceolate, glabrous, shining, about 3 mm. long, their beaks less
than 1 mm. long.

TYPE LOCALITY: Virginia.
DISTRIBUTION: Banks and rocky places, from New York to Georgia and Kentucky.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Bot. Cab. pl. 671; Wats. Dendr. p/. 67, as S. betulifolia ; Britt. & Brown,
Il. Fl. fi 1885.

10. Spiraea virginiana Britton, Bull. Torrey Club 17: 314. 1890.

A shrub, 3-12 dm. high, the branches erect or reclining; bark of twigs light-brown,
more or less pubescent, in age becoming glabrous, not exfoliating ; petioles 2-5 mm. long ;
leaf-blades oblanceolate or oblong, thin, mucronate or cuspidate, acute or rarely rounded at
the base, entire or with a few teeth towards the apex, 3-5 cm. long, 1-1.5 cm. wide, dark-
green above, pale and glaucous beneath, glabrous or finely pubescent on the veins; inflor-
escence flat-topped, 3-5 cm. wide; branches more or less pubescent ; hypanthium shortly
turbinate-campanulate, 1.5mm. deep; sepals triangular, acute, 1 mm. long, erect or spread-
ing ; petals white, ovate-orbicular, nearly 2 mm. long; follicles glabrous, shining.

TYPE LOCALITY : Damp rocks along the Monongahela River, Morgantown, West Virginia.
DISTRIBUTION: Rocky places, from West Virginia to North Carolina and Tennessee.
ILLUSTRATION : Britt. & Brown, Ill. Fl. f 1886. ©

11. Spiraea japonica L,. f. Suppl. 262. 1781.
Spiraea caliosa Thunb. FI. Jap. 209. 1784.
Spiraea Fortune Planch. Fl. Serres9: 35, 1853.

A shrub, 8-15 dm. high, erect; bark of the twigs purplish-brown, finely villous when
young ; petioles very short, 2-7 mm. long; leaf-blades ovate or lanceolate, 5-10 cm. long,
2-4 cm. wide, glabrous above, more or less pubescent beneath, sharply and usually doubly
serrate from near the base, acute or acuminate; inflorescence a compound corymb, mostly
flat-topped, 5-15 cm. wide, finely villous; hypanthium turbinate, 1 m. high, pubescent;
sepals triangular, 1 mm. long, in age more or less reflexed; petals pink or rose, rounded-
obovate, 3 mm. long; disk weakly developed; follicles erect or nearly so, glabrous.

TYPE LOCALITY: Japan.

DISTRIBUTION: Native of Japan; often cultivated and escaped; established at several stations
from Connecticut to Pennsylvania.
ILLUSTRATION : Fl. Serres p/. 872.

12. Spiraea latifolia (Ait.) Borkh. Handb. Forstbot. 1871. 1803.

Spiraea salicifolia latifolia Ait. Hort. Kew. 2: 198. 1789.

Spiraea carpintfolia Willd. Enum. Hort. Berol. 540. 1809.

Spiraea crenata Muhl. Cat. 49, 1813.— Torr. Fl. U. S. 482. 1824. Not S. crena/a L.
Spiraea alba Wats. Dendr. pl. 133. 1824. Not S. alba DuRoi, 1772.

Spiraea ovata Raf. New Fl. 3: 65. 1838.

Spiraea heterophylla Raf. New F1.3: 65. 1838.

Spiraea obovaia Raf. New Fl. 3: 66, 1838.

Spiraea bethlehemensis K. Koch, Dendr. 1: 313. 1869.

Spiraea alba latifolia Dippel, Handb. Laubh. 3: 484, 1893.

A shrub, 1-20 dm. high, branched; bark of the twigs glabrous, chestnut or reddish or
the older sometimes nearly black, sooner or later peeling off; petioles 2-4 mm. long; leaf-
blades broadly oblanceolate or obovate, thin, 2-8 cm. long, acute, obtuse or rounded at the
apex, tapering at the base, sharply and sometimes doubly serrate, perfectly glabrous or
slightly ciliate on the ribs and petioles; inflorescence paniculate, conic, 0.5-2 dm. long
and about half as wide; bracts sometimes ciliate; hypanthium hemispheric, less than 1
mim. deep, glabrous; sepals triangular, acute, spreading or slightly reflexed in anthesis,
ascending in fruit; petals white or a little pinkish in bud, suborbicular, 1.5mm. long; fol-
licles oblanceolate, glabrous and shining, 3-4 mm. long; seeds linear-lanceolate, attenuate
at each end.

250 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 22

TYPE LOCALITY: North America.

DISTRIBUTION : Newfoundland to North Carolina, western Pennsylvania, and Saskatchewan.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Wats. Dendr. p/. 127, as S. alba; Britt. & Brown, Il. Fl. f 188%, as S.
salicifolia ; Cycl. Am, Hort. f. 2638.

13. Spiraea alba DuRoi, Harbk. Baumz. 2° 430. 1772.

Spiraea tomentosa alba Matsh. Arbust. 147. 1785.

Spiraea salicifola paniculata Ait. Hort. Kew. 2: 198. 1789.
Spiraea cunetfolia Borkh, Handb. Forstbot. 1455. 1803.
Spiraea lancifolia Hoffmsgg. Preisverz. Pfl. 8: Nacht. 44, 1825.
Spiraea paniculata Willd.; G. Don, Gen. Hist. 2: 520. 1832.
Spiraea flexuosa Raf. New Fl. 3: 64. 1838.

Spiraea ciliata Raf, New Fl. 3: 66. 1838.

Spiraea salicifolia lanceolata T. & G. Fl. N, Am. 1: 415. 1840.
Sptraea salictfolia linearis Wenzig, Flora 71: 280. 1888.

A shrub, 1-2 nt. high; bark of the twigs brown, more or less puberulent, of the older
stems gray; petioles 2-5 mm. long, puberulent ; leaf-blades narrowly oblanceolate, rather
firm, more or less puberulent on the veins, sharply serrate, acute at each end, 3-6 cm. long,
1-1.5cm. wide; inflorescence paniculate, conic, 5-20cm. long, its branches usually densely
puberulent ; hypanthium hemispheric, nearly 1 mm. high, puberulent; sepals triangular,
acute, ascending or spreading; petals white, about 2 mm. long, suborbicular; follicles
glabrous, shining, oblanceolate, about 3.5 mm. long; seeds linear-lanceolate, tapering at
each end, about 2 mm. long.

TYPE LOCALITY: America,
DISTRIBUTION: New England to North Carolina, Iowa, North Dakota and Saskatchewan.
ILLUSTRATION: Mill. Fig. Pl. Gard. Dict. 2: pl. 257, fi 2

14. Spiraea salicifolia L. Sp. Pl. 489. 1753.

Spiraea carpinifolia Wats. Dendr. pl. 66. 1823. Not S. carpinzfolia Willd. 1809.
Spiraea grandiflora odd. Bot. Cab. is 1988. 1833. Not S. grandifiora Sweet, 1830.
Spiraea amena Raf. New FI. 3: 65.

A shrub, 1-2 m. high; bark co: soniewnat angled young twigs brown, finely pu-
berulent, that of the old stems dark-gray; petioles 2-6 mm. long, puberulent; leaf-blades
lance-oblong, broadest at the middle, acute at each end, sharply serrate, 3~7 cm. long,
puberulent on the midrib and margins; inflorescence a narrow panicle, 5-10 cm. long, 2-3
cm. wide, its branches puberulent ; hypanthium hemispheric, about 1 mm. deep, usually
puberulent ; sepals ovate, acute; petals pink, rounded-ovate, obtuse, about 2 mm. long; fol-
licles oblanceolate, glabrous, about 4 mm. long.

TYPE LOCALITY: Siberia. . :
DISTRIBUTION: Native of Siberia and eastern Russia; occasionally escaped from cultivation in

the eastern states.
ILLUSTRATIONS : Pallas, Fl. Ross. pi. 21; Engl. Bot. p/. 1468; Bot. Cab. pl. 1988, as S. grandi-

Jiora ; Wats. Dendr. pi. 66, as S. carpinifolia.

15. Spiraea roseata Rydberg, sp. nov.

A low shrub ; bark of young shoots pale, glabrous and rather shining; that of the older
branches chestnut ; buds glabrous; petioles 1-2 mm. long ; leaf-blades elliptic, 2-5 cm. long,
1-2 cm. wide, sharply serrate, with the teeth directed forward, acutish at each end or the
smaller obtuse at the apex, thin, glabrous on both sides; inflorescence small and dense,
oblong, 2-6 cm. long, 1-2 cm. wide; hypanthium hemispheric, 1 mm. high, glabrous;
sepals triangular-ovate, acute, slightly over 1mm. long, glabrous or nearly so, soon reflexed;
petals rose-colored, elliptic, 2-2.5 mm. long ; stamens 20-25; filaments twice as long as the
petals; disk inconspicuous. Intermediate between S. Menziesii and S. densiflora, and per-
haps a hybrid between the two.

Type collected August 13, 1895, on the shores of Petitt Ae Idaho, within 100 yards of the
lake at an altitude of 2180 meters, 'B. W. Everman 304 (U.S " Nat. Herb. xo. 243090) ; there also
collected by Henderson.

16. Spiraea pyramidata Greene, Pittonia 2: 221. 1892.

A shrub, 3-10 dm. high; bark of the twigs chestnut-brown and more or less pubescent,
exfoliating sooner or later; petioles 2-5 mm. long, puberulent; leaf-blades oval, usually

Part 3, 1908] ROSACEAE 251

acute at each end, coarsely and doubly serrate above, entire at the base, 3-9 cm. long,
somewhat paler beneath; inflorescence paniculate, short-conic or ovoid; branches more or
less hairy; hypanthium hemispheric, less than 1 mm. deep, hairy; sepals ovate, acute,
teflexed, hairy; petals white, rounded-obovate, about 2 mm. long; follicles glabrous,
oblanceolate, about 3 mm. long; seeds linear-lanceolate, attenuate at each end, about 2
mm. long. By some regarded as a hybrid between S. lucida and S. Menztesii.

TYPE LOCALITY: Dry woods of the lower Yakima River, near Clealum, Washington.
DISTRIBUTION: Along streams and in wet places, from British Columbia to Oregon and Idaho.

17. Spiraea subvillosa Rydberg, sp. nov.

A shrub, 1m. high or less; bark of the twigs chestnut-brown, more or less villous
with short fine hairs; petioles about 5 mm. long, villous-puberulent ; leaf-blades thin, oval
or elliptic, 4-6 cm. long, 1.5-2 cm. wide, glabrous above, somewhat villous-puberulent and
paler beneath, acute at each end or obtuse at the apex, coarsely serrate above the middle;
inflorescence short, ovoid, or sometimes nearly flat-topped, finely villous, dense; hypan-
thium hemispheric, about 1 mm. deep; sepals triangular-ovate, 1 mm. long, reflexed in
fruit ; petals rounded-oval, nearly 2 mm. long, pink; follicles glabrous. Perhaps a hybrid
between S. Douglasii and S. densiflora.

Type collected at the Cascades of the Columbia, Oregon, 1886, Thomas Howell.
DISTRIBUTION: Type locality and on Hood River, Oregon.

18. Spiraea Menziesii Hook. Fl. Bor. Am. 1: 173. 1832.

Spiraea cuneifolia Raf. New F1. 3: 67. 1838.
Spiraea Douglasit Menziesii Presl, Epim. Bot. 195. 1852.

A shrub, 1-1.5 m. high; bark of the twigs brown and usually puberulent, exfoliating the
second year; that of older stems very dark, purplish; petioles 3-5 mm. long; leaf-
blades elliptic, oblong or oval, serrate above the middle, acute, obtuse or rounded at either
end, glabrous or puberulent on the veins, 3-10 cm. long; inflorescence paniculate, very
dense, long and narrow, spike-like; branches villous-puberulent ; hypanthium villous-
puberulent, hemispheric, less than 1 mm. deep; sepals pubescent, ovate, acute, reflexed ;
petals rose-colored, suborbicular, 1.5 mm. long; follicles oblanceolate, about 2 mm. long,
glabrous.

TYPE LOCALITY : Northwest coast of America. . .
DISTRIBUTION: Along streams, from southern Alaska and British Columbia to Oregon and
Idaho.

19. Spiraea tomentulosa Rydberg, sp. nov.

A low shrub; twigs chestnut-brown and sparingly short-villous; buds short-villous ;
petioles 1-3 em. long; leaf-blades elliptic, 3-5 cm. long, 1.5-2 cm. wide, serrate above the
middle, acute at each end, finely pubescent or glabrate and green above, grayish or
brownish, velvety beneath ; inflorescence obovoid-rounded, 7-9 cm. long, about 4 cm. wide;
branches somewhat hairy; hypanthium hemispheric, fully 1 mm. deep, sparingly villous-
pubescent; sepals ovate, acute, 1 mm. long, at last reflexed; petals orbicular, fully 2.5
mm. long, white; carpels glabrous, 2.5 mm. long; stamens about 20, one-half longer than
the petals. Intermediate between and perhaps a hybrid of S. Douglasit and S. lucida.

Type collected in border of woods, Falcon Valley, Washington, in 1881, W..N. Suksdorf 5.

20. Spiraea Douglasii Hook. Fl. Bor. Am. 1: 172. 1832.

A shrub, 1-2.5 m. high; bark of twigs brown and more or less tomentose, exfoliating
the second season; petioles short, 3-5 mm. long; leaf-blades elliptic, oblong, oval or
oblong-cuneate, 3-10 cm. long, usually acute at each end, serrate above the middle, dark-
green above, white tomentose beneath; inflorescence paniculate, very long and narrow,
congested; branches tomentose; hypanthium tomentose, hemispheric, less than 1 mm.
deep ; sepals tomentose outside, ovate, acute, reflexed ; petals rose-colored, rounded-obovate
or oval, about 1.5 mm. long; follicles oblanceolate, nearly 3 mm. long, glabrous and

shining.

252 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VorumE 22

TYPE LOCALITY: Northwest coast of America, about the Columbia.

DISTRIBUTION : Lowlands, from British Columbia to California.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Paxton’s Mag. Bot. 12: pi. 195, Ann. Soc. Agr. Bot. Gand 1: #1. 40; FI.
Serres 2: f1.3; Cycl. Am. Hort. /. 2369.

21. Spiraea subcanescens Rydberg, sp. nov.

A low shrub; bark of twigs finely tomentose, brown; petioles 1-2 mm. long; leaf-
blades lanceolate, 3-6 cm. long, about 1.5 cm. wide, firm, dark-green and slightly hairy
above, tomentulose beneath, strongly veined, sharply and finely serrate throughout, acute
at both ends; inflorescence rather small, dense, narrow, 5-10 cm. long, 1.5-2.5 cm. thick ;
hypanthium densely pubescent, hemispheric, less than 1 mm. deep; sepals triangular-
ovate, acute, reflexed in fruit; petals pink, nearly orbicular, 1.5 mm. long; follicles about
2mm. long, glabrous. Perhaps a hybrid between S. somentosa and S. alba.

Type collected near Anderson, South Carolina, in 1885, Lewis R. Gibbes.

22. Spiraea tomentosa L. Sp. Pl. 489. 1853.

Spiraea rosea Raf. New Fl. 3: 62. 1838.
Spiraea ferruginea Raf. New Fl. 3: 63. 1838.
Spiraea glomerata Raf. New F1. 3: 63.- 1838.
Spiraea parvifolia Raf. New F1.3: 63. 1838.

A shrub, 3-12 dm. high; bark of twigs purplish or brown, tomentose; petioles very
short, 2-3 mm. long; leaf-blades oval, ovate-lanceolate or oblong, usually acute at the
apex, acute or rounded at the base, coarsely crenate-serrate, dark-green and usually slightly
puberulent above, densely white- or somewhat rusty-tomentose beneath, 3-6 cm. long,
1-2.5 cm. wide; inflorescence paniculate, dense and usually narrow, 1-2 dm. long, 3-5 cm.
wide, its branches tomentose; hypanthium tomentose, hemispheric, less than 1 mm.
deep; sepals triangular, in fruit reflexed ; petals pink, purplish, or rarely white, orbicular-
ovate, about 1.5 mm. long; follicles oblong, about 2.5 mm. long, tomentose or arachnoid.

TYPE LOCALITY: Philadelphia. :

DISTRIBUTION : In swampy and wet places from Nova Scotia to Georgia, Arkansas, Kansas,
and Manitoba.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Raf. Med. Bot. 2: pl. 88; Britt. & Brown, Ill. Fl. f. 1884.

EXCLUDED SPECIES
Spiraea hypericifolia L. Sp. Pl. 489. 1853 (S. hypericifolia Plukenetiana Seringe, in
DC. Prodr. 2: 543. 1825; S. virgata Raf. New. F1.3: 72. 1838; S. Hookeriana Raf. loc. cit.
73), was based at least in part on Plukenet’s Prunus canadensis. His figure of this plant
may just as well represent Prunus cunetfolia as the species which has borne the name S.
hypericifolia l. The latter is not an American plant, although the older botanists repeat-
edly referred it to this continent.

Several garden hybrids, especially of S. salicifolia, S. Douglasti, and S. tomentosa,
have been described.

3. PETROPHYTUM (Nutt.) Rydb. Mem. N. Y. Bot. Gard.

1: 206. 1900.
Spiraea § Petrophytum Nutt.; T. & G. Fl. N. Am. 1: 418. 1840.

Densely cespitose and depressed undershrubs with prostrate branches, growing on
rocks. Leaves oblanceolate or spatulate, entire, coriaceous, evergreen, crowded on the
short branches. Inflorescence racemose, rarely compound. Flowers perfect. Hypan-
thium hemispheric. Sepals 5, valvate. Petals 5, imbricate, white. Stamens about
20; filaments filiform, distinct, about twice as long as the sepals. Disk evident, entire-
margined. Pistils 3-5; ovary and lower part of the style very hairy; style filiform, ter-
minal; stigma minute, entire; ovules 24, pendulous. Follicles leathery, dehiscent along
both sutures; seeds linear.

Type species, Spiraea caespitosa Nutt.

Leaves 3-ne ved.

Petals obovate or oval ; leaves sparingly strigose or glabrate. 1. P. Hendersoni.
Petals spatulate or oblanceolate ; leaves minutely canescent as well as

strigose. 2. P. cinerascens,

Part 3, 1908] ROSACEAE 253

Leaves l-nerved ; petals spatulate or oblanceolate.
Leaves spatulate, spreading ; racemes short, 14 cm. long; bracts usually
shorter than the flowers.
Leaves and sepals sparingly strigose, the latter acuminate; petals very

acute or acuminate. 3. P. acuminatum,
Leaves and sepals canescent, the latter acute; petals mostly obtuse. 4. P. caespitosum.
Leaves narrowly oblanceolate, erect or ascending; inflorescence 4-10 cm.
long, often branched ; bracts usually exceeding the flowers. 5. P. elatius.

1. Petrophytum Hendersoni (Canby) Rydberg.
Eriogynia Hendersoni Canby, Bot. Gaz. 16: 236. 1891.
Luetkea Hendersoni Greene, Pittonia 2: 219. 1892.
Spiraea Hendersoni Piper, Erythea 7: 172. 1899.

A depressed cespitose undershrub ; season’s branches 14 cm. long, ascending; leaves
spatulate, 1-2 cm. long, 4-6 mm. wide, thick, more or less distinctly 3-ribbed beneath, spar-
ingly and finely appressed-hairy or glabrate ; peduncles 4-8 cm. long, sparingly silky, with
few, bract-like linear leaves, 3-6 mm. long; pedicels 4-5 mm. long with a small linear-
subulate bractlet at the middle; hypanthium hemispheric, less than 1 mm. deep, 10-nerved ;
sepals 1.5 mm, long, oblong, obtuse; petals obovate or oval, 2.5 mm. long; disk crenulate
on the edge, pubescent within; follicles about 2 mm. long, glabrate except the strigose
ciliate upper suture. ,

TYPE LOCALITY: Vertical cliffs near the summit of the Olympic Mountains, Washington.
DISTRIBUTION: Olympic Mountains, Washington.

2. Petrophytum cinerascens (Piper) Rydberg.

Spiraea cinerascens Piper, Erythea 7: 171. 1899.
Luetkea cinerascens Heller, Muhlenbergia 1: 53. 1904.

A densely cespitose undershrub, with short stout branches; season’s branches 1 cm.
long or less; leaves 3-ribbed, oblanceolate, obtuse or acutish, 1-2.5 cm. long, thick and leath-
ery, cinereous, pilose; blade contracted below into a short petiole; peduncles cinereous,
5-15 cm. long, with narrowly linear-oblanceolate to subulate bractlike leaves, the larger 1
cm. long; inflorescence often with a few branches; pedicels 1-4 mm. long, with linear-sub-
ulate bractlets near the base; hypanthium hemispheric or somewhat turbinate, less than 1
mm. deep; sepals lanceolate, acuminate, nearly 2 mm. long, cinereous; petals spatulate or
oblanceolate, obtuse, about 2mm. long; stamens 15-25; follicles 4-7, sparsely pilose, 3 mm.
long; seed usually solitary, acute at each end.

TYPE LOCALITY: Bluffs of the Columbia River, Washington, twelve miles south of Chelan, in
crevices of basaltic rock. ‘
DISTRIBUTION: Type locality and vicinity.

3. Petrophytum acuminatum Rydberg, sp. nov.

A densely cespitose undershrub ; season’s branches less than 1 cm. long; leaf-blades ob-
lanceolate, 1-1.5 cm. long, 2-4 mm. wide, sparingly and finely pilose, 1-ribbed, thick, mu-
cronate at the apex, contracted below into short petioles; peduncles 6-8 cm. high, sparingly
pubescent, with a few subulate or narrowly linear-oblanceolate bract-like leaves ; pedicels 2-3
mm. long; hypanthium somewhat turbinate, less than 1 mm. deep; sepals lanceolate, acu-
minate, 1.5-2 mm. long; petals oblanceolate, acute or acuminate, 2-2.5 mm. long; fruit
unknown.

Type collected at Big Arroyo, Tulare County, California, in 1904, Culbertson [Baker's distri-
bution no.] 4540.

4. Petrophytum caespitosum (Nutt.) Rydb. Mem. N. Y. Bot.
Gard. 1: 206. 1900.

Spiraea caespitosa Nutt.; T. & G. Fl. N. Am. 1: 418. 1840.
Eriogynia caespitosa S, Wats. Bot. Gaz. 15: 242, 1890.
Luetkea caespitosa Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 217. 1891.

A densely cespitose undershrub, forming large flat patches appressed to the rocks;
season’s shoots very short; leaves spatulate, 5-12 mm. long, 2-4 mm. wide, densely silky,
1-ribbed, obtuse or mucronate; peduncles 3-10 cm. high, silky, their leaves subulate, bract-

254 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 22

like; inflorescences short, 1-4 cm. long, dense, usually simple; pedicels 1-2 mm. long;
hypanthium hemispheric, 1 mm. deep, densely silky; sepals ovate-lanceolate, acute, 1.5
mm. long; petals spatulate, obtuse, 1.5 mm. long; follicles 3-5, 2 mm. long, 2-3-ovuled,
1-2-seeded.

TYPE LOCALITY: On high shelving rdcks, in the Rocky Mountains, towards the sources of the
Platte.

DISTRIBUTION : On rocks, from the Black Hills of South Dakota to New Mexico, Arizona, Cali-
fornia, and Montana.

ILLUSTRATION : Bot. Gaz. 15: pl. 14.

5. Petrophytum elatius (S. Wats.) Heller, Cat. N. Am. Pl.
ed. 2. 5. 1900.

Spiraea caespitosa elatior S. Wats. Bot. King’s Expl.:81. 1871.
Luetkea caespitosa elatior Britton, Trans. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 14: 31. 1894.

A cespitose undershrub, but not so tufted as the preceding ; shoots of the season often
2-3 cm. long, erect; leaves silky, oblanceolate, acute, 1.5-2 cm. long, 34 mm. wide,
usually with more distinct petioles; peduncles 1-2 dm. high, silky, their leaves linear-
oblanceolate, often 1-1.5 cm. long; inflorescence often branched, 4-10 cm. long; pedicels
2-4 mm. long; hypanthium somewhat turbinate, 1 mm. deep; sepals lanceolate, 2 mm.
long, acute or acuminate; petals oblanceolate, 2-3 mm. long.

TYPE LOCALITY: Eastern end of Raft River Mountains, Utah.
DISTRIBUTION : Mountains of Utah and Arizona.

4, KELSEYA (S. Wats.) Rydb. Mem. N. Y. Bot.
Gard. 1: 207. 1900.
Eriogynia § Kelseya S. Wats. Proc. Am. Acad. 25: 130. 1890.

Densely cespitose, pulvinate undershrubs, with short branches. Leavesentire, crowded,
leathery, persistent. Flowers perfect, solitary, almost sessile, enclosed in the rosettes of
the leaves. Hypanthium hemispheric. Sepals 5, valvate. Petals 5, imbricate. Stamens
about 10; filaments filiform, about twice as long as the sepals; anthers didymous. Disk
inconspicuous, entire. Pistils about 5; styles terminal; stigmas minute ; ovules 3-4, pen-
dulous. Follicles leathery, not inflated, opening along both sutures; seeds elongate-
fusiform.

Type species, Eriogynia uniflora S. Wats.

1. Kelseya uniflora (S. Wats.) Rydb. Mem. N. Y. Bot. Gard.
1: 207. 1900.

Eriogynia uniflora S. Wats. Proc. Am. Acad 25: 130. 1890.
Luetkea uniflora Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 217, 1891.
Spiraea untflora Piper, Erythea 7: 172. 1899.

An undershrub, forming mats on the rocks; leaves crowded, 2-3 mm. long, more or less
silky-pubescent; sepals oblong, obtuse, 1.5 mm. long; petals narrowly spatulate, nearly 3
mm. long, white; stamens and pistils of about the same length ; follicles 2-2.5 mm. long,
splitting first on the inner, later also on the outer sutures ; seeds usually 2.

TYPE LOCALITY: The Gate of the Mountains, near Townsend, Montana.
DISTRIBUTION : On cliffs in the mountains of Montana and northern Wyoming.
ILLUSTRATION: Bot. Gaz. 15: pl. 14,

5. LUETKEA Bong. Mém. Acad. St. Petersb. VI. 2: 130. Au 1832.
Evriogynia Hook. Fl. Bor. Am, 1: 255. 1832.

Cespitose undershrubs, with decumbent or creeping, stoloniferous branches. Leaves
twice or thrice ternately dissected, grooved above. Flowers perfect, racemose. Hypan-
thium hemispheric. Sepals 5, valvate. Petals 5, while in bud contorted. Stamens about
20; filaments subulate, connate at the base; anthers didymous. Disk thickened, about 10-
lobed. Pistils 4-6, usually 5, distinct; styles terminal, deciduous; stigmas truncate ;
ovules several, pendulous. Follicles coriaceous, dehiscent on both sutures. Seeds linear-
lanceolate, acute at both ends; embryo linear, radicle superior ; endosperm none.

Type species, Luetkea sibbaldioides Bong.

Parr 3, 1908] ROSACEAE 255

1. Luetkea pectinata (Pursh) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 217. 1891.

Saxtfraga pectinaia Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. 312. 1814.

Luetkea sibbaldioides Bong. Mém. Acad, St. Petersb, VI. 2: 130. 1832.
Eriogynia pectinata Hook. Fl. Bor. Am. 1: 255, 1832.

Spiraea pectinata T. & G. Fl. N. Am. 1: 417. 1840.

Saxifraga caespitosa A, Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 8: 383. 1870.

Flowering shoots 5-15 cm. high, leafy, glabrous; leaves 1-1.5 cm. long, dissected into
linear acute divisions, grooved above, glabrate; raceme short, 1-5 cm. long; bracts ternate,
or the upper ones entire ; hypanthium hemispheric, about 2mm. wide; sepals ovate, acute, 2
mm. long, glabrous; petals white, orbicular or rounded-obovate, 3-3.5 mm. long; stamens
and styles included ; follicles about 4 mm. long, in age nearly glabrous and shining.

TYPE LOCALITY : On the northwest coast [of America].
DISTRIBUTION : Mountains from Bering’s Strait to Oregon and the Canadian Rockies.
ILLUSTRATIONS: Bong. /oc. cit. pl. 2; Hook, Fl. Bor. Am. ~/. 88; Bot. Gaz. 15: pl, 14.

6. ARUNCUS (L.) Adans. Fam. Pl. 2: 295. 1763.

Perennial herbs with thick rhizomes, twice or thrice ternate-pinnatisect leaves, and no
stipules. Inflorescence a large panicle with spike-like branches. Flowers dioecious.
Hypanthium of the staminate flowers flat or saucer-shaped, pentagonal. Sepals triangular,
valvate. Petals 5, orbicular to spatulate, white. Stamens 15-30; filaments subulate, dis-
tinct, long-exserted ; anthers didymous. Disk 5-lobed. Pistils 3-5, rndimentary, style-less.
Pistillate flowers much smaller. Petals elliptic to oblanceolate. Stamens rudimentary ;
filaments short; anthers minute, empty. Pistils 3-5, distinct; styles short, obliquely ter-
minal; stigmas capitate; ovules 8-12, pendulous. Follicles oblong, cartilaginous, dehiscent
along the ventral suture and then splitting dorsally at the apex, in our species reflexed ;
Seeds few, attenuate at each end, with loose membranous coat ; endosperm present.

Type species, Spiraea Aruncus L.

. Follicles about 3 mm. long.
Petals of the staminate flowers broadly rounded-obovate, about # as broad

as long; leaflets lanceolate with long acumination. 1. A. acuminatus.
Petals of the staminate flowers spatulate, #-$ as broad as long; leaflets
ovate, with shorter acumination. 2. A. Aruncus.

Follicles about 2 mm. long.
Leaves decidedly hairy, rather firm and dull; follicles about 3 mm. thick. 3. 4. pubescens,
Leaves glabrous or nearly so, shining, thin ; follicles about 1 mm. thick.
Inflorescence open, with long branches; leaflets doubly serrate. 4. A. allegheniensis.
Inflorescence dense, with short branches; leaflets laciniate. 5. A, kamchaticus.

1. Aruncus acuminatus (Dougl.) Rydberg, sp. nov.

Spiraea Aruncus Hook. Fl. Bor. Am.1: 173. 1832. Not S. Aruncus \. 1753.
Spiraea acuminata Dougl.; Hook. Joc. cit. as a synonym.

Stem 1-2 m. high, glabrous; lower leaves thrice compound, first ternate; the lower
divisions usually pinnate with 5 leaflets, and the terminal again ternate; the lower divi-
sions of this with 3 and the terminal one pinnate with 5 leaflets; leaflets 3-12 cm. long,
lanceolate, long-acuminate at the apex, acute, truncate or subcordate at the base, sharply
and doubly serrate, thin, more or less hairy on both sides, especially along the veins, or
sometimes glabrous; the upper leaves less compound and sometimes pinnately 5-foliolate ;
panicles terminal and axillary, 14 dm. long, that of the staminate plant often more leafy
and with shorter branches; branches 3-15 cm. long, in fruit very lax; petals of the stami-
nate flowers broadly rounded-obovate, about 1 mm. long and ¢ as broad; those of: the pis-
tillate flowers slightly smaller, elliptic; follicles about 3 mm. long and 1 mm. thick,
shining.

TYPE LOCALITY: Mouth of the Columbia.
DISTRIBUTION: Moist woods and along streams, from northern Oregon to Alaska, and inland
to the Selkirk Mountains of British Columbia.

2. Aruncus Aruncus (L,.) Karst. Deuts. Fl. 779. 1882.

Spiraea Aruncus I. Sp. Pl. 490. 1753.

Ulmaria Aruncus Hill, Hort. Kew. 214. 1769.

Aruncus vulgaris Raf. Sylva Tell. 152. 1838.

Aruncus sylvester Kostel. Ind. Hort. Prag. 15. 1844.

Astilbe Aruncus Trev. Bot. Zeit. 13: 819. 1855.

Spiraea paniculata St.-Lag. Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 7: 135. 1880.

256 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VOLUME 22

Plant 12-20 dm. high, much resembling the preceding; leaflets 2-7 cm. long, broader
and shorter, ovate, abruptly acuminate with a short, narrow acumination, dark-green above,
paler beneath, often more hairy, usually rounded at the base and sharply doubly serrate;
petals of the staminate flowers narrower, spatulate and more distinctly clawed, white;
petals of fertile flowers greenish-white and slightly smaller; follicles about 3 mm. long
and 1 mm. wide, very shining.

TYPE LOCALITY: Austria.

DISTRIBUTION : A native of Europe, cultivated in this country and rarely escaped in the east-

ern and central states.
ILLUSTRATIONS : Pall. Fl. Ross. pl. 26, Fl. Deuts. ed. 5, pl. 2564.

3. Aruncus pubescens Rydberg, sp. nov.

Stem 1-2 m. high; lower leaves compound as in the preceding two species or ternate
with the divisions pinnately 5-foliolate; leaflets 3-10 cm. long, when mature firmer than
the other American species, dark-green and rather dull, ovate, short-acuminate at the apex,
acute or rounded at the base, more evenly and less distinctly doubly serrate than in the rest,
glabrous above, rather copiously hairy beneath; panicle 1-4 dm. long, its branches 3-10
cm. long; petals of the staminate flowers obovate, hardly 1 mm. long, scarcely clawed,
white; those of the pistillate flowers slightly smaller; follicles about 2 mm. long and %
mm. wide.

Type collected in rich woods, Peoria, Illinois, in July, 1903, F. ZH. McDonald (herb. N. Y.
Bot. Gard.).

DISTRIBUTION: Woods, from Illinois and Iowa to Oklahoma, Arkansas, and southwestern
Virginia.
4. Aruncus allegheniensis Rydberg, sp. nov.

?.Spiraea Aruncus hermaphrodita Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 1: 294. 1803.
2? Spiraea Aruncus americana Pers, Syn. Pl. 2: 46. 1806.

? Spiraea americana Steud. Nom. Bot. 1: 805. 1821.

? Aruncus americanus Raf. Sylva Tell. 152; hyponym. 1838.

Aruncus sylvestris americanus Maxim. Acta Hort. Petrop. 6: 170. 1879.

Plant 1-2.5 m. high, glabrous; leaves compound as in 4. acuminatus, but the lower
divisions of the lower leaves often again ternate; leaflets thin, shining, 3-10 cm. long, ovate
with a short acumination at the apex, usually acute or the terminal rounded at the base,
sharply doubly serrate, glabrous or nearly so on both sides; inflorescence 1-3 dm. long, with
spreading branches 3-10 cm. long; flowers lax; petals white, obovate to oblanceolate, claw-
less; follicles about 2 mm. long and 1 mm. thick.

Type collected near Baltimore, Maryland, in 1867, P. V. LeRoy (herb. Columbia Univ.).
DISTRIBUTION : Mountains, from Pennsylvania to Georgia, Alabama, and Kentucky.

5. Aruncus kamchaticus (Maxim.) Rydberg.
Aruncus sylvester kamchatica Maxim. Acta Hort. Petrop. 6: 170. 1879.

Plant 1 m. high or less, glabrous or nearly so throughout; leaves twice to thrice ter-
nate; leaflets thin, broadly ovate, abruptly acuminate with a short, slender acumination,
often oblique at the base, 3-6 cm. long, more or less deeply laciniate and sharply toothed ;
inflorescence short, less than 1 dm. long; branches short, 1-5 cm. long, densely fiowered ;
staminate flowers much larger than the pistillate; petals broadly obovate, in the latter
scarcely 1 mm. long; follicles about 2 mm. long and 1 mm. wide.

TYPE LOCALITY : Kamchatka, near Petropavlovski.
DISTRIBUTION: Island of Attu, Alaska; also in Kamchatka and the Kurile Islands.

Tribe 3. SORBARIEAE. Shrubs or perennial herbs, with alternate pin-
nately dissected leaves and persistent stipules. Infloresence paniculate or
cymose. Hypanthium hemispheric, campanulate, or turbinate, bearing 10-

50 stamens. Pistils normally 5, distinct, opposite to the sepals. Endosperm
present, not scant. :

Petals obovate or spatulate, imbricate ; carpels united at the base; leaves
pinnately compound.

Follicles dehiscent to the base on both sutures; leaves simply pinnate. 7, SCHIZONOTUS.

Parr 3, 1908] ROSACEAE 257

Follicles on the dorsal side dehiscent only at the apex; leaves twice

or thrice pinnately dissected. 8. CHAMAEBATIARIA.
Petals strap-shaped, convolute in the bud; carpels free; leaves ter-
nately compound. 9, PORTERANTHUS.

7. SCHIZONOTUS Lindl. Introd. Nat. Syst. 81. 1830.

Spiraea § Sorbaria Seringe, in DC. Prodr. 2: 545. 1825.
Basilima Rat. New Fl. 3: 75. 1838.
Sorbaria A. Br.; Aschers. Fl. Brand. 177. 1864.

Shrubs, natives of Asia, with odd-pinnate leaves, conspicuous leafy stipules, and panic-
ulate inflorescence. Flowers perfect. Hypanthium hemispheric. Sepals 5, imbricate,
soon reflexed. Petals 5, imbricate. Stamens 40-50, inserted on the margin of the disk,
unequal. Pistils 4-8, usually 5, opposite the sepals, connate about one-third their length ;
styles terminal or nearly so; stigmas capitate; ovules several, pendulous. Follicles thin,
cartilaginous, dehiscent on both sutures. Seeds few; endosperm present.

Type species, Spiraea sorbifolia L.

1. Schizonotus sorbifolius (L.) Lindl. ; Steud. Nom.

Bot. ed. 2. 2: 531. 1841.
Spiraea sorbifolia I. Sp. Pl. 490. 1753.
Spiraea pinnata Moench, Meth. 663. 1794.
Bastlima sorbifolia Raf. New F1.3: 75. 1838.
Sorbaria sorbifolia A. Br.; Aschers. Fl. Brand. 177. 1864.

A large shrub, 1-2 m. high; leaves pinnate with 13-21 leaflets, which are lanceolate,
acuminate, 4-8 cm. long, sharply but finely double-serrate, dark-green, glabrous or stellate-
puberulent on the rachis and ribs; stipules lanceolate, toothed ; inflorescence 1-3 dm. long;
sepals ovate, 1.5 mm. long, glabrous; petals white, rounded-obovate, about 3 mm. long;
filaments filiform, about twice as long as the petals; follicles oblong-cylindric, pilose ; styles
terminal, recurved.

TYPE LOCALITY: Swamps of Siberia.

DISTRIBUTION : Native of northern Asia; cultivated for ornament and occasionally escaped in
northeastern United States and eastern Canada.

ILLUSTRATION : Pall. Fl. Ross. £1. 24.

8. CHAMAEBATIARIA (Porter) Maxim. Acta Hort.

Petrop. 6: 225. 1879.
Spiraea § Chamaebatiaria Porter, Bot. Calif. 1: 170. 1876.

Low shrubs, more or less stellate-pubescent and scurfy, with bipinnatisect leaves and
paniculate flowers. Hypanthium turbinate. Sepals 5, erect, imbricate. Petals 5,
rounded, erect. Stamens about 60, inserted on the margin of the disk. Pistils 5, more or
less united below; styles terminal; stigmas capitate; ovules about 8, pendulous. Fol-
licles coriaceous, dehiscent on the ventral suture and at the apex on the dorsal one. Seeds
few, terete, not appendaged; endosperm fleshy and somewhat oily, adherent to the seed-
coat.

Type species, Spiraca Millefolium Torr.

Secondary divisions of the leaves 15-17 pairs, 0.5 mm. long, entire ; twigs
scarcely glutinous.

Secondary divisions of the leaves 6-10 pairs, 1-2 mm. long, usually toothed ;
twigs very glutinous. 2. C. glutinosa,

1. C. Millefolium.

1. Chamaebatiaria Millefolium (Torr.) Maxim. Acta Hort.
Petrop. 6: 225. 1879.

Spiraea Millefolium Tort. Pacif. R. R. Rep. 4: 83. 1857.
Sorbaria Milicfolium Focke, in EK. & P. Nat. Pfl. 3°: 16, 1888.
Basilima Millefolium Greene, Fl. Fran. 57. 1891.

A densely branched shrub, less than 1 m. high; bark of the young twigs brown,
more or less densely covered by a stellate tomentum; that of the old stems glabrous and

258 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VOLUME 22

gray; leaves 2-4 cm. long, more or less crowded at the ends of the branches, glabrous
above, stellate-tomentose beneath, short-petioled, oblong in outline; primary divisions, of
about 20 pairs, 4-8 mm. long, the upper confluent; secondary divisions 15-17 pairs, sub-
alternate, decurrent, about 0.5 mm. long, entire, obovate; panicle 3-10 cm. long, leafy
below; sepals lanceolate-deltoid, acute, 3 mm. long; petals white, rounded-obovate,
about 5 mm. long, wavy and crenulate; stamens of about the same length ; follicles about
5 mm. long, lanceolate, glabrous; seeds linear-lariceolate.

TYPE LOCALITY: Low hills and valleys near William’s Mountains [Arizona].
DISTRIBUTION : Among rocks, from Idaho and Nevada to Arizona and southern California.
ILLUSTRATION: Pacif. R. R. Rep. 4: pi. 5.

2. Chamaebatiaria glutinosa Rydberg, sp. nov.

A shrub, 1-2 m. high; bark of the young twigs brown, somewhat stellate and very
glutinous; that of the old stems grayish-brown and glabrous; leaves 4-5 cm. long, gla-
brous above, somewhat stellate-villous beneath; primary divisions 15-20 pairs, 6-10 mm.
long, the upper confluent; secondary divisions 6-10 pairs, 1-2 mm. long, obovate, usually
more or less toothed; panicle 4-5 cm. long, leafy; sepals lanceolate, 3 mm. long, acute ;
petals rounded-obovate, 4.5-5 mm. long, crenulate; fruit unknown.

Type collected in a precipitous cafion on the western slope of Mammoth Range, a few miles
from Ellsworth, Nye County, Nevada, in 1868, W. B. Howard (herb. Columbia Univ.).
DISTRIBUTION : Type locality and neighboring California.

9. PORTERANTHUS Britton, Mem. Torrey Club 4: 115. 1894.

Gillenia Moench, Meth. Suppl. 286. 1802. Not Gillena Adans. 1763.

Tall perennial herbs with horizontal rootstocks, trifoliolate leaves and foliaceous stipules.
Hypanthium cylindro-campanulate. Sepals 5, imbricate. Petals 5, convolute in aestiva-
tion, linear-oblanceolate, clawed. Stamens 20-25, in three series ; filaments subulate; anthers
oval, fixed by the middle of the back. Pistils 5, opposite the sepals, free or at first slightly
connate below; styles terminal; stigmas punctiform; ovules 2-8, ventral or basal, ascend-
ing. Follicles free, coriaceous at maturity, splitting the calyx, dehiscent along the ventral
suture and the apex dorsally. Seeds 1-3, erect with a spongy-coriaceous coat, rugulose;
endosperm thick, adherent to the coat; radicle inferior.

Type species, Gillenia trifoliata Moench.

Leaflets serrate ; stipules subulate or linear-lanceolate, entire. 1. P. trifoliatus.
Leaflets at least of the lower leaves incised or laciniate ; stipules ovate to nearly 7
orbicular, foliaceous, toothed. 2. P. stipulatus,

1. Porteranthus trifoliatus (1,.) Britton, Mem.
Torrey Club 4: 115. 1894,

Spiraea trifoliata L. Sp. Pl. 490. 1753.
Ulmaria trifoliata Hill, Hort. Kew. 214. 1769.
Gillenia trifoliata Moench, Meth. Suppl. 286. 1802.

Stem 6-12 dm. high, glabrous or nearly so; leaflets short-stalked or subsessile, lanceo-
late, oblanceolate, obovate, or oval, acuminate, serrate, 10-14 cm. long, glabrous or puberu-
lent above, more or less pubescent and paler beneath; stipules 5-8 mm. long, 1-2 mm.
wide; panicle 5-15 cm. long, often leafy; hypanthium 5-6 mm. long, 3-4 mm. wide, veiny;
sepals lanceolate, acuminate, about 3 mm. long; petals clawed, 15-18 mm. long, white,
their blades linear-oblanceolate; follicles about 5 mm. long, obovoid, puberulent; seeds
oblong, 3-angled, brown, warty; stamens 20-25, of equal length.

TYPE LOCALITY: Virginia.

DISTRIBUTION : Woodlands, from Ontario and New York to Michigan, Missouri, and Georgia.

ILLUSTRATIONS : Bigelow, Am. Med. Bot. p/. 47; Barton, Veg. Mat. Med. #/. 5; Mem. Torrey
Club 4: pf. 76; Britt. & Brown, Ill. Fl. f. 1888.

2. Porteranthus stipulatus (Muhl.) Britton, Mem.
Torrey Club 4: 115. 1894,

Spiraea stipulaia Muhl.; Willd. Enum. 542. 1809.
Spiraea stipulacea Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. 343. 1814.
Gillenia stipulacea Barton, Veg. Mat. Med. 71. 1817.

PaRT 3, 1908] ROSACEAE 259

Stem 5-10 dm. long, more or less pubescent; stipules ovate to orbicular, double-toothed
to laciniate, 1-2 cm. long; leaflets oblanceolate, 5-8 cm. long, acuminate, more or less
pubescent on both sides; those of the lower leaves incised or laciniate with acuminate teeth ;
those of the upper deeply and sharply double-serrate ; inflorescence leafy; hypanthium 4-5
mm. long, 3-3.5 mm. thick; sepals lance-ovate, acute or somewhat acuminate; petals white
or pinkish, 12-15 mm. long, clawed; blades oblanceolate; stamens 20, the outer 10 much
longer; follicles 6-7 mm. long, puberulent; seeds oval, 3mm. long, longitudinally rugulose.

TYPE LOCALITY: Pennsylvania.

DISTRIBUTION: In woods, western New York to Kansas, Louisiana, and Georgia.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Barton, Veg. Mat. Med. £/.6; Mem. Torrey Club 4: pl. 77; Britt. & Brown,
Ill. Fl. f. 1889.

Tribe 4. QUILLAJEAE. Shrubs or trees, with alternate simple leaves and
deciduous stipules. Inflorescence cymose, paniculate, or racemose. Hypan-
thium hemispheric to flat, with a prominent disk bearing 10-30 stamens.
Pistils normally 5, opposite the sepals, or rarely fewer, free or in our genera

more or less united. Seeds winged, only rarely with traces of endosperm.

Carpels wholly united into a 5-celled capsule. 10. LINDLEVELLA.
Carpels free above, at maturity wholly distinct. 11. VAUQUELINIA.

10. LINDLEYELLA Rydberg.

eros H.B.K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 6: 239, 1823. Not Lindleya H.B.K. 1821, nor Lindleya Nees,
Evergreen trees, with linear stipules, and shining coriaceous crenate leaves. Flowers
perfect, solitary or in small clusters at the end of leafy branches. Hypanthium short-
turbinate, adnate to the ovaries. Sepals 5, imbricate. Petals 5, imbricate, rounded,
deciduous, thick. Stamens 15-25, inserted on the margin of the disk, those opposite the
petals shorter; filaments thick, subulate ; anthers versatile. Pistils 5, opposite the sepals,
wholly connate, forming in fruit an almost woody 5-celled capsule ; styles 5, thick; stigmas
obliquely capitate. Cells of the capsule splitting along the dorsal sutures. Seeds 2, collat-
eral, semi-orbicular with a thin wing ; endosperm none ; cotyledons plane ; ratlicle superior.
Type species, Lindleya mespiloides H.B.K.
Leaf-blades oblong-lanceolate or oblanceolate ; petals rounded-obovate, 8-10 mm.

long. 1. ZL. mespilotdes,
Leaf-blades obovate ; petals obovate, about 15 mm. long. 2. L. Schiedeana.

1. Lindleyella mespiloides (H.B.K.) Rydberg.
Lindleya mespiloides H.B.K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 6: 240. 1823.

A shrub or small tree, 2-3 m. high; bark of the twigs and branches dark-gray, gla-
brous, with numerous lenticels; leaves short-petioled ; blades oblong-lanceolate or oblanceo-
late, acute or mucronate at the apex, cuneate at the base, 1-3 cm. long, finely and densely
toothed with glandular-mucronate teeth, strongly reticulate, glabrous and shining above,
paler beneath ; stipules linear-subulate, glandular-toothed, 1-1.5 mm. long, early caducous ;
pedicels very short; hypanthium turbinate, 4-5 mm. long and nearly as wide; sepals ovate,
acute, glandular-denticulate, glabrous outside, somewhat villous within ; stamens about 20;
filaments subulate; petals white, rounded-obovate, 8-10 mm. long, usually retuse; fruit
rounded-ovoid, 5-angled, 7-8 mm. long and about as wide.

TYPE LOCALITY: Between La Puente de la Madre de Dios and the village of Magdalena,
Mexico.

DISTRIBUTION : Mexico.

ILLUSTRATIONS: H.B.K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. Al. 562 Lo ak Hortic. 1854: 81, 7.5; Ann.
Soc. Agr. Bot. Gand 4: fl. 209; E. & P. Nat. Pfl. 3}: fig. 7, A

2. Lindleyella Schiedeana Rydberg, sp. nov.
Lindleya mesprloides Schlecht. Linnaea 13: 404. 1839. Not L. mespiloides H.B.K. 1823.

A tree, 3 m. high or more; bark of twigs and branches dark brownish-gray, warty with
numerous lenticels; leaves short-petioled; blades obovate, 3-4 em. long, reticulate, shin-

260 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA (VoLUME 22

ing above, dull beneath, acute, obtuse or mucronate at the apex, abruptly contracted at the
base, finely crenate; stipules subulate, glandular-toothed, 3 mm. long; pedicels very
short; hypanthium broader and shorter than in the preceding, 3 mm. deep and 5 mm.
wide; sepals ovate, acute, 5mm. long; stamens about 20; filaments subulate; petals about
15 mm. long, obovate.

Type collected between Zimapan and San\José del Oro, Mexico, Schiede.
DISTRIBUTION : Southern Mexico.
ILLUSTRATIONS: Bot. Reg. 30: £/.27,; Fl. Serres 4: 1.357 (both as Lindleya mespiloides).

11. VAUQUELINIA Correa; H. & B. Pl. Aequin. 1: 140. 1808.

Shrubs or small trees, with coriaceous serrate leaves, small deciduous stipules and
corymbose perfect flowers. Hypanthium short-turbinate. Sepals 5, persistent, coriaceous,
valvate. Petals 5, imbricate, deciduous. Stamens 15-25, inserted on the margin of the
disk, subequal; filaments subulate; anthers didymous, versatile. Pistils 5, opposite the
sepals, connate into a 5-celled, ovoid, densely tomentose capsule; styles 5, short, parallel,
at last deciduous; stigmas capitate. Ovules in each cell 2, erect, collateral. Capsule
woody, tomentose, at maturity forming 5 follicles, coherent at the base and splitting into 2
valves ; seeds 2in each cell, erect, collateral, compressed and winged at the apex ; endosperm
none; cotyledons plane; radicle straight, inferior.

Type species, Vauguelinia corymbosa Correa.

Lower surface of the leaves and the inflorescence glabrous.
Petioles about equaling the leaf-blades ; hypanthium glabrous within.
Petioles much shorter than the leaf-blades ; hypanthium hairy within.
Leaf-blades linear or nearly so, 1 cm. wide or less. V. angustifolia.

1. V. corymbosa.

2,
Leaf-blades oblong, about 2.5 cm. wide. 3. V. Karwinskyt.

4

Lower surface of the leaves and the inflorescence finely tomentose, especially

when young. . V. californica.

1. Vauquelinia corymbosa Correa; H. & B. Pl. Aequin. 1: 140. 1808.

A tree, up to 10 m. high, and with a trunk 20-27 cm. in diameter; bark of the young
drooping twigs red, that of the trunks shining, ash-colored ; petioles reddish, about as long
as the blades, flat above ; leaf-blades coriaceous, glabrous, shining above, paler beneath, with
numerous almost parallel veins beneath, lanceolate, about 5 cm. long and 18 mm. wide,
sharply dentate, acute at each end; corymb shorter than the leaves; hypanthium glabrous
on both surfaces ; sepals ovate ; petals oval, white, a little longer than the sepals ; fruit ovoid,
pubescent, about 5 mm. long.

TYPE LOCALITY: Actopan, Mexico.
DISTRIBUTION : Hidalgo.
ILLUSTRATION: H. & B. Pl. Aequin. 1: pl. 40.

2. Vauquelinia angustifolia Rydberg, sp. nov.
Vauquelinia corymbosa C. K. Schneid. Handb. Laubh. 1: 492, in part. 1905.

A shrub, 3-5 m. high and trunk 5-10 cm. in diameter ; bark of the young ascending twigs
glabrous and light greenish-brown, of the older branches chestnut-brown, more or less
fissured and cracked; petioles 1-2 cm. long, glabrous; leaf-blades linear, 5-10 cm. long,
coriaceous, shining, dark-green above, yellowish-green beneath, sharply dentate, acute at
each end, strongly reticulate; corymbs rather small, glabrous; bracts subulate, 5-8 mm.
long; hypanthium glabrous without, villous at the base within ; sepals ovate, nearly 2 mm.
long, glabrous without, villous on the margins within ; petals orbicular, 4 mm. long; sta~-
mens slightly shorter ; fruit ovoid, about 6 mm. long, densely pubescent.

Type collected in the Santa Eulalia Mountains, Chihuahua, Mexico, in 1885, C. G. Pringle 5.
DISTRIBUTION: Chihuahua.
ILLUSTRATION: C, K. Schneid. Handb. Laubh. 1: f. 302 I-p (as V. corymbosa).

3. Vauquelinia Karwinskyi Maxim. Acta Hort. Petrop.
6: 236. 1879.

A shrub, 2-3 m, high ; petioles about 1 cm. long; leaf-blades oblong, 7-8 cm. long, 2.5cm.
wide, dentate, glabrous, light-green, strongly reticulate; corymbs many-flowered, glabrous;

Parr 3, 1908] ROSACEAE 261

bracts lanceolate; hypanthium hemispheric, densely hairy inside; sepals ovate-acute or
obtuse; petals rounded ; stamens unequal, the outer alternate with the petals, nearly twice
as long as the inner; carpels much thickened on the back at the margins.

TYPE LOCALITY: Santyaguillo, Mexico.
DISTRIBUTION: Central Mexico.

4. Vauquelinia californica (Torr.) Sargent, Gard. & Forest
2: 400. 1889.
Spiraea californica Torr. in Emory, Notes Mil. Rec. 140. 1848.
Vauquelinia corymbosa Torr. Bot. Mex. Bound. 64. 1859.
Vauquelinia Torreyi S. Wats. Proc. Am. Acad. 11: 147. 1876.

A shrub or small tree, 5-6 m. high and with atrunk sometimes 18 cm. in diameter, with
brown heart-wood and yellow sap-wood ; bark of the upright twigs reddish-brown, more or
less densely covered with a white tomentum ; that of the trunk brown and broken ; petioles
about 1 cm. long; leaf-blades lanceolate, usually acuminate or acute at the apex, acute or
slightly rounded and often oblique at the base, finely dentate, finely puberulent when
young, soon glabrous and yellowish-green above, finely tomentose beneath, 2.5-7 cm. long,
0.5-1.5 cm. wide ; corymb many-flowered, tomentose ; hypanthium hemispheric, 3 mm. wide;
sepals tomentose on both sides, ovate, acute, 1.5 mm. long; petals oval, 5 mm. long, white;
stamens of about the same length; fruit ovoid, about 5 mm. long, pubescent.

TYPE LOCALITY: High mountains near the Gila [Arizona].
DISTRIBUTION : Mountains of Arizona, Sonora, and Lower California.
ILLUSTRATION : Sargent, Silva N. Am. 4: p/. 164.

Tribe 5. HOLODISCEAE. Shrubs or small trees, with alternate, simple,
toothed leaves and no stipules. Inflorescence racemose or paniculate. Hypan-
thium saucer-shaped or hemispheric. Disk more or less developed, bearing
about 20 stamens; anthers didymous. Pistils 5, alternate with the sepals,
pubescent ; styles terminal; ovules 2, collateral, pendulous. Fruit indehis-
cent, one-seeded, stipitate, laterally flattened. Seeds not appendaged ; endo-
sperm a mere vestige.

12. SERICOTHECA Raf. Sylva Tell. 152. 1838.

Schizonotus Raf. New Fl. 3: 74. 1838. Not Schizoxotus Lindl. 1830.
Spiraea § Holodiscus K. Koch, Dendr. 1: 309. 1869.
Holodiscus Maxim. Acta Hort. Petrop. 6: 253. 1879.

Sepals 5; 3-nerved, valvate in the bud, in fruit erect. Petals 5, white or pinkish, short-
clawed. Stamens about 20. Achenes inclosed in the calyx, short-stipitate, long-hairy,
membranaceous, indehiscent, caducous, strongly arched on the lower suture. Seeds broadly
oblong, with double coat; embryo with superior radicle and ovate cotyledons.

Type species, Spivaea argentea Kunth, which is the same as Spivaca argeniea L. f.

Teeth of the leaves rounded to rounded-ovate, ending in a short mucro ; achenes straight on the
upper edge ; stamens usually equaling the sepals.
Leaves grayish- or whitish-tomentose and villous beneath.
Inflorescence ample, well-compound ; leaves usually over 3 cm. long.
Leaf-blades abruptly contracted below, scarcely decurrent on the petioles.
Disk inconspicuous, leaves usually with many teeth.

Leaf-blades thin, sparingly pubescent or glabrate above, usually
acute at the base; sepals oblong or lance-oblong, obtuse or
acutish. : 1. S. discolor.

Leaf-blades thick and dark-green and densely short-pubescent
(when young velvety) above, rounded or truncate at the

base; sepals ovate, acute. 2, S. franciscana.
Dise very thick and conspicuous ; leaves short with few teeth. 3. S. pachydisca,
Leaf-blades cuneate at the base and distinctly decurrent on the
winged petioles. 4. S. dumosa.

Inflorescence stuall and narrow, simple, racemose, or with a few short,
spreading branches ; leaves usually less than 2cm. long. _
Leaf-blades abruptly contracted at the base into the short petioles.
Leaves 10-30 mm. long ; blades densely villous above, more or less
doubly serrate ; sepals broadly ovate, 2 mm. long. 5. S. Boursiert.

262 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 22

Leaves 8-15 mm. long; blades sparingly strigose above, round-
crenate ; sepals lance-ovate, 1.5 mm. long. 6. S. saxicola.
Leaf-blades cuneate at the base.
Leaves almost equally finely and densely pubescent, almost vel-

vety, on both sides. 7. S. concolor.
Leaves finely pubescent and green above, white silky-villous and
tomentose beneath. 8. S. microphylla.

Leaves glandular-atomiferous and slightly hairy on the veins beneath, not
at all tomentose.
Leaf-blades more or less double-toothed, abruptly contracted at the base. 9. S. Schaffneri.
Leaf-blades with simple teeth, cuneate at the base.
‘Leaves 1.5-3 em. long, villous-pubescent above. 10. S. obovaia.
Leaves 1-1.5 cm. long, glabrous or sparingly pubescent, 11. S. glabrescens,
Teeth of the leaves lanceolate or triangular-ovate ending in a long mucro;
achenes more or less convex on both edges, although more so on the
lower ; stamens shorter than the sepals ; leaf-blades entire at the cuneate
base.
Leaves glabrous above ; upper edge of the carpels only slightly curved. 12, S. fissa.
Leaves pubescent above ; upper edge of the achenes strongly curved.
Leaves green and velvety above. 13. S. velutina.
Leaves silvery-silky on both sides. 14. S. argentea.

1. Sericotheca discolor (Pursh) Rydberg.

Spiraea discolor Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. 342. 1814.

Spiraea ariaefolia Smith, in Rees, Cycl. 33: no. 16. 1819.
Schizonotus discolor Raf. New Fl. 3: 75. 1838.

Spiraea discolor ariaefolia S. Wats. Bot. Calif. 1: 170, 1876.
Holodiscus discolor Maxim. Acta Hort. Petrop. 6: 254. 1879.
Schizonolus argenteus ariaefolius Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 225. 1891.
Schizonotus argenteus discolor Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 225. 1891.
Schizonotus ariaefolius Greene, F), Fran. 58, in part. 1891.
Schizonotus discolor ariaefolius Koehne. Deuts. Dendr. 265. 1893.
Holodiscus ariaefolius Greene, Man. Bay Reg. 113. 1894.

Holodiscus discolor ariaefolius Jepson, Fl. W. Middle Calif. 277, in part. 1901.
Schizonotus discolor Purshianus Rehder, Cycl. Am. Hort. 1627. 1902.

A shrub, 14.5 m, high; bark of the young twigs light-brown, more or less villous and
tomentose; that of the older branches darker, chestnut or purplish, exfoliating; petioles
1-2 cm. long, villous; leaf-blades rounded-ovate or oval, usually double-toothed with
broadly ovate, mucronate teeth, acute at the apex, truncate, rounded or cuneate at the
base, but slightly if at all decurrent, 4-10 cm. long, thin, green and sparingly pubescent or
in age glabrate above, more or less densely villous and tomentose beneath, in the typical
form white, but in the more common form (Spiraea ariaefolia) merely grayish; inflores-
cence conicor ovate, 10-20 cm. long, 5-15 cm. wide, twice or thrice compound ; branches vil-
lous, usually divergent; hypanthium small, saucer-shaped; sepals oblong or lance-oblong,
obtuse or acutish, 1.25-1.5 mm. long; petals white, elliptic, 1.5 mm. long or more; stamens
15-20, filaments 2-2.5 mm. long; pistils usually 5; carpels semi-ovate, straight on the
inner, strongly curved on the outer margin, 1-5 mm. long with a beak of the same length.

TYPE LOCALITY: Banks of the Kooskoosky.

DISTRIBUTION : Hills and river-banks, from British Columbia to northern California, Idaho,
and western Montana.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Bot. Reg. 16: fl. 1365; Loud. Arb. f. 46, 447 (both as S. ariaefolia) ;
Cycl. Am. Hort. /. 2269. :

2. Sericotheca franciscana Rydberg, sp. nov.

Spiraea discolor Brew. & Wats. Bot. Calif. 1: 170, in part. 1876. Not Sfiraca discolor Pursh.
Schizonotus ariaefolius Greene, Fl. Fran. 58; in part. 1891.

Holodiscus ariaefolius Greene, Man. Bay Reg. 113; in part. 1894.

Holodiscus discolor ariacfolius Jepson, Fl. W. Middle Calif. 277, in part. 1901.

A tall shrub, 2-7 m. high; bark of the young twigs rather dark-brown, villous and
tomentose, that of the older branches more or less exfoliating ; petioles 5-10 mm. long, vil-
lous ; leaf-blades thick, 3-6 cm. long, rounded-ovate, acute at the apex, rounded or truncate at
the base, rarely somewhat cuneate, not decurrent, dark-green and densely pubescent (when
young almost velvety) above, white villous and tomentose beneath, usually double-toothed
with ovate, mucronate teeth; inflorescence conic or ovate, 5-15 cm. long, 5-10 cm. wide,
twice or thrice compound, with divergent villous branches; bracts linear; hypanthium
small, saucer-shaped; sepals ovate, acute, nearly 1.5 mm. long, thick; petals oval, white,

PaRT 3, 1908] ROSACEAE 263

over 1.5 mm. long; stamens about 20; filaments about 2 mm. long; pistils and fruit as in
the preceding.
Type collected at San Leandro, California, in 1888, L. WM. Underwood (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.).

_ DISTRIBUTION : Hills and mountains of Oregon and California, near the coast, from Columbia
River to San Luis Obispo. ;

3. Sericotheca pachydisca Rydberg, sp. nov.

? Schizonotus argenteus intermedius Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 1: 225. 1891.

Twigs brown, angled, sparingly villous; petioles 3 mm. long; leaf-blades broadly ovate,
2-3 cm. long, and nearly as broad, coarsely few-toothed with rounded-ovate mucronulate
teeth, glabrous above, grayish- or brownish-silky and tomentulose beneath; panicle ovoid,
1-1.5 dm. long and nearly as broad, twice compound; sepals broadly ovate, tomentose
without, glabrous within, acute; petals elliptic, 2.5 mm. long; stamens 20, inserted on
the margin of a prominent disk; filaments subulate.

Type collected in the Valley of Mexico, at Tacuboya, in 1865 or 1866, Bourgeau 267 (U. S.
Nat. Herb.).

4. Sericotheca dumosa (Nutt.) Rydberg.

Spiraea discolor Torr. Ann. Lyc. N. ¥. 2: 195. 1827. Not Spiraea discolor Pursh, 1814.
Spiraea ariacfolia discolor T. & G. Fl. N. Am. 1: 416. 1840.

igi d fae Nutt.; T. & G. Fl. N. Am. Joc. cit., as a synonym. — Hook. London Jour. Bot. 6:
Spiraea discolor dumosa S. Wats. Bot. Calif. 1: 170. 1876.

Schizonotus argenteus dumosus Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 226. 1891.

Holodiscus discolor dumosa Dippel, Handb. Laubh. 3: 508. 1893.

Schizonotus dumosus Koehne, Deuts. Dendr. 265. 1893.

Holodiscus dumosus Heller, Cat. N. Am. Pl. 4. 1898.

Afolodiscus australis Heller, Bull. Torrey Club 25: 194, 1898.

Schizonolus discolor dumosus Rehder, Cycl. Am. Hort. 1629. 1902.

A shrub, 6-10 dm. high; bark of young twigs light-brown, villous, that of the older
branches chestnut or dark-gray, exfoliating; petioles 2-10 mm. long; Jeaf-blades obovate,
2-5 cm. long, obtuse or acute at the apex, cuneate at the base and decurrent on the petioles,
often double-toothed above with broadly rounded-ovate teeth, green and more or less short-
hairy above, white and densely villous and tomentose beneath ; inflorescence usually twice
compound, ovoid or conic, 5-20 cm. long, 5-10 cm. wide, with ascending or spreading vil-
lous branches ; sepals ovate or lance-ovate, 1.5 mm. long; petals elliptic or oval, about 2
mm. long; stamens about 20; pistils 5; carpels about 1.5 mm. long, their beaks 1 mm.
Holodiscus australis is the form with thinner, more acutish leaf-blades, and more simple
toothing.

TYPE LOCALITY: Stony and sandy places of Platte River.
DISTRIBUTION: Mountains from Wyoming and Utah to New Mexico and Chihuahua.
ILLUSTRATION : Bull. Torrey Club 25: pl. 338 (as Holodiscus australis),

5. Sericotheca Boursieri (Carr.) Rydberg.
Spiraea Boursiert Carr. Rev. Hort. 1859: 520. 1859.

A shrub, 1 m, high or less, branched from the base; bark of the young twigs light-
brown, densely villous; that of the older branches dark-gray or brown or nearly black, ex-
foliating ; leaves 1-3 cm. long; blades suborbicular or flabelliform, rounded at the apex,
abruptly contracted into the short winged petioles, more or less doubly toothed with ovate,
mucronate teeth, densely villous on both sides, green above, grayish beneath ; inflorescence
5-7 cm. long, simple or with a few short branches below; sepals broadly ovate, acute, fully
2mm. long; petals oval, a little longer than the sepals; stamens 20, 2 mm. long; pistils
5; carpels about 2mm. long, their beaks 1 mm.

TYPE LOCALITY: California.

DISTRIBUTION: Mountains of California and adjacent Nevada.

ILLUSTRATION : Rev. Hort. 1859: f. 108.

6. Sericotheca saxicola (Heller) Rydberg.
Holodiscus saxicola Heller, Muhlenbergia 1: 41. 1904.

A shrub, about 1 m. high, much branched; bark of the young twigs light-brown, vil-

lous; that of the older branches brown or gray, exfoliating ; leaf-blades broadly oval, ovate

264 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLumME 22

or orbicular, 8-15 mm. long, rounded at the apex, abruptly narrowed into a very short
winged petiole, crenate except at the base, bright-green and sparingly pubescent above,
grayish-tomentose and slightly villous beneath; inflorescence 3-10 cm. long, simple or
with a few short branches below, villous; sepals lance-ovate, acute, 1.5 mm, long; petals
almost white, broadly ovate, obtuse, 2 mm. long; stamens about 20, 2 mm. long; pistils
5; carpels about 2 mm. long, their beaks 1 mm. long.

TYPE LOCALITY: Among granite rocks at Donner Pass, Nevada County, California.
DISTRIBUTION: Nevada County, California.

7. Sericotheca concolor Rydberg, sp. nov.

Spiraea discolor dumosa S. Wats. Bot. Calif. 1: 170, in part. 1876.
Holodiscus dumosus C. K. Schneid. Handb. Laudb, 1: 497, in part. 1905.

A low shrub, less than 1 m. high, with spreading branches ; bark of young twigs light-
brownish, villous; that of the older branches dark-brown, exfoliating; petioles obsolete ;
leaf-blades cuneate-obovate, 5-12 mm. long, toothed above the middle with ovate teeth,
rounded at the apex, cuneate at the base, almost equally finely and densely pubescent,
almost velvety on both sides; inflorescence 5-8 cm. long, with few short spreading branches ;
sepals broadly ovate, acutish, a little more than 1 mm. long; petals broadly ovate, about
1.5 mm. long; stamens about 20, of about the same length as the sepals.

Type collected on Mt. Davidson, Nevada in 1865, 7. Torrey 134 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.).
DISTRIBUTION: Mountains of northern and western Nevada and adjacent California; appar-
ently the same also from the San Bernardino Mountains in southern California.

8. Sericotheca microphylla Rydberg.

Holodiscus microphylius Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 31: 559. 1904.
Hlolodiscus dumosus C. K. Schneid. Handb. Laudb. 1: 497, in part. 1905.

A low diffuse shrub, 3-10 dm. high; bark of the young twigs light-brown or yellowish,
soft-villous, that of the stems dark-brown or gray and exfoliating; leaf-blades spatulate-
cuneate, 1-1.5 cm., rarely 2 cm. long, evenly serrate above the middle, obtuse at the apex,
cuneate at the base and decurrent on the short petioles, finely pubescent and green above,
white silky-villous and tomentose beneath ; inflorescence small, 3-5 cm. long, its branches
few, short and few-flowered, spreading; sepals about 1 mm. long, ovate, villous; petals
broadly obovate or oval, a little exceeding the sepals, stamens 20, about 1.5 mm. long.

TYPE LOCALITY: Alta, Wahsatch Mountains, Utah.
DISTRIBUTION : Mountains of Colorado, Wyoming, and Utah; apparently also in California.

9. Sericotheca Schaffneri Rydberg, sp. nov.

Spiraea discolor dumosa S. Wats. Proc. Am. Acad. 17: 353. 1882.
? Schizonotus argeniteus griseus Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 226. 1891.

A low shrub; bark of young twigs dark-brown, finely villous, that of the older branches
almost black, exfoliating ; petioles 3-5 mm. long ; leaf-blades 1-3 cm. long, ovate or rounded-
oval, obtuse at the apex, usually somewhat cuneate at the base and slightly decurrent on
the petioles, more or less doubly serrate with ovate, mucronate teeth, sparingly pubescent
on both sides, only slightly paler (not at all tomentose) and conspicuously glandular-atom-
iferous beneath; inflorescence ovate, 5-7 cm. long, about 5 cm. wide, branched but
branches usually simple, ascending-spreading; sepals ovate, acute, 1.5-1.75 mm. long;
petals elliptic or oval, about 2 mm. long; stamens 15-20, about 2 mm. long; pistils 5;
carpels semi-obovate, nearly 2 mm. long, with beaks scarcely 1 mm. long.

Type collected at San Luis Potosi, Mexico, in 1879, W. Schaffner 451 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.).
DISTRIBUTION: Northern Mexico and Arizona,

10. Sericotheca obovata Rydberg, sp. nov.

A low bush, 1 m. or less high; bark of young twigs light-brown, villous, that of the
older branches chestnut-brown or grayish, exfoliating; leaves 1.5-3 cm. long; leaf-blades
rounded-obovate or spatulate, rounded at the apex, tapering below and decurrent on the
short winged petioles, toothed above the middle with ovate, mucronate, simple teeth, thick,
green on both sides, only slightly paler beneath, villous above, conspicuously glandular-

Part 3, 1908] ROSACEAE 265

atomiferous between the pubescent veins beneath; inflorescence open, ovoid, 7-10 cm. long,
5-7 cm. wide; branches few, usually ascending and simple, villous; sepals thin, ovate,
acute, 1.5 mm. long; petals pale-pink, nearly white, oval, 1.5-2 mm. long; stamens about
20, 2mm. long; pistils 5; carpels about 2 mm. long, their beaks over 1 mm.

Type collected among rocks in woods along Truckee River, Placer County, California, July 17,
1886, C. F. Sonne (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.).

DISTRIBUTION : Mountains of California, Nevada, and southern Oregon, at an altitude of
2000 m. or more.

11. Sericotheca glabrescens (Greenman) Rydberg.

Spiraea dumosa Torr. in Stansb. Expl. Utah 387. 1852. NotS. dumosa Nutt. 1847.
Spiraea discolor glabrescens Greenman Erythea 7: 116. 1899.
ffolodiscus glabrescens Heller, Muhlenbergia 1: 40. 1904.

A diffuse shrub, 6-12 dm. high; bark of young twigs light-brown, sparingly hairy or
glabrous, but conspicuously glandular-atomiferous, that of the older branches dull-brown
or almost black ; leaf-blades cuneate-obovate, 1-1.5 cm. long, obtuse at the apex, decurrent
on the short petioles, evenly toothed above the middle, glabrous or hairy on the veins,
glandular-atomiferous and green on both sides; inflorescence more or less compound, 3-6
cm. long; the branches short and more or less spreading; sepals ovate, acute or short-
acuminate, 1.5 mm. long; petals white, oval, 2mm. long; stamens 20, about 2 mm. long;
carpels 1.5 mm. long, their beaks 1 mm. long.

TYPE LOCALITY : Stein’s Mountain, Oregon.
DISTRIBUTION : Mountains from Oregon and northern California to Utah.
ILLUSTRATION : Stansb. Expl. Utah Bot. p/. 4 (as Spiraea dumosa).

12. Sericotheca fissa (Lindl.) Rydberg.

Spiraea fissa Lindl. Bot. Reg. 26: Mise. 73. 1840; 28: Misc. 1. 1842.
Spiraea argeniea Benth. Pl. Hartw. 82, 1841. Not S. argeniea L.. f. 1781.
Schizonotus argenteus alpestris Kuntze, Rev. Gen, 225. 1891.
Schizonotus argenteus fissus Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 226. 1891.

Holodiscus argenteus bifrons Focke, Bot. Gaz. 18: 200. 1893.
Schizonolus discolor fissus Rehder, Cycl. Am. Hort. 1627. 1902.

A shrub, 2.5-3.5 m. high with angled branchés; bark of the young twigs gray, villous-
tomentose; that of the older branches dark-gray or brownish; petioles 5-10 mm. long; leaf-
blades thick, oval to lanceolate or oblanceolate, glabrous and dark-green above, white-
tomentose beneath, 2-5 cm. long, acute at the apex, cuneate at the base and more or less
decurrent, serrate above the middle with lance-triangular, long-mucronate teeth which are
directed forward ; inflorescence twice to thrice compound, 5-15 cm. long, 1.5-10 cm. wide, with
ascending tomentose branches ; sepals broadly ovate, acuminate, 2mm. long; petals rounded-
ovate or triangular, fully 2 mm. long; petals broadly oval, 2.5 mm. long; stamens 20, about
1.5 mm. long, inserted on a thick disk ; bodies of carpels fully 2 mm. long, slightly curved
on the upper edge, grayish hirsute, their beaks almost as long.

TYPE LOCALITY : Mexico. . .
DISTRIBUTION : Mountains, from Guatemala and Costa Rica to southern Mexico.

13. Sericotheca velutina Rydberg, sp. nov.

A tall shrub, 1 m. or more high; bark of young twigs dark-gray and tomentose, that
of the old stems dark-gray or purplish, almost black, exfoliating; leaf-blades oval-cuneate
or spatulate, acute at the apex, cuneate and decurrent on the short petioles, green and finely
velvety above, white-tomentose and villous beneath, 1.5-3 cm. long, serrate above the middle
with lanceolate, long-mucronate teeth directed forward ; inflorescence narrow, 5-10.cm. long,
with a few short spreading branches; sepals broadly ovate, acute, 2mm. long; petals broadly
obovate, nearly 2.5 mm. long; stamens 20, scarcely equaling the sepals; carpels obliquely
obovate, that is, the upper edge also curved, although less so than the lower.

Type collected in the Sierra de San Felipe, State of Oaxaca, Mexico, Sept. 25, 1894, Charles L.

Smith 821 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.).
DISTRIBUTION : Southern Mexico and Guatemala.

266 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 22

14. Sericotheca argentea (I,. f.) Rydberg.

Spiraea argeniea I, f. Suppl. 261. 1781.

Holodiscus argenteus Maxim. Acta Hort. Petrop. 6: 254. 1879.
Schizonotus argenteus Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 225. 1891.
Schizonolus argenieus Mutisianus Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 226. 1891.

A tall shrub; bark of the young twigs gray and densely tomentose, strongly angled;
that of the old stems dark-gray ; leaf-blades oblanceolate, 1-3 cm. long, thick, white-silky
on both sides, acute at the apex, cuneate at the base and decurrent on the short petioles ;
inflorescence compound, ovoid, 4-8 cm. long, with ascending tomentose branches; sepals
triangular-ovate, acute, about 1.5 mm. long; petals obovate, about 2 mm. long; stamens
20, shorter than the sepals; carpels obliquely obovate, curved on the upper edge but less so
than on the lower, their bodies about 2 mm. long, their beaks 1 mm.

TYPE LOCALITY : New Grenada.

DISTRIBUTION : Mountains of Colombia ; also reported from Costa Rica, perhaps doubtful.

ILLUSTRATIONS: H.B.K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. p/. 562 ; Dict. Sci. Nat. pl. 258.

DOUBTFUL SPECIES

Spiraea mexicana Schiede; Regel, Ind. Sem. Hort. Petrop. 1857: 58. 1858 (Schizo-
notus argenteus mexicanus Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 225. 1891), was described from speci-
mens in the St. Petersburg botanic garden. It evidently belongs to this genus, but the
species cannot be determined, as neither the type nor the original description has been
accessible. It may be S. pachydisca, S. Schaffneri, or some other species intermediate
between S. discolor and S. fissa, judging from remarks made by Maximowicz under Holo-
discus discolor.

Tribe 6. ULMARIEAE. Perennial herbs, with rootstocks, pinnatisect and
incised leaves, and ample stipules. Flowers in paniculate often corymbiform
cymes. Hypanthium flat. Disk obsolete. Stamens 20-40, of which 10 are
shorter ; filaments subclavate, attenuate at the base. Pistils 5-15, distinct,
opposite the petals, when of the same number ; stigma large, capitate. Carpels
indehiscent, attenuate or stipitate at the base, coriaceous; 1-seeded. Seeds pen-
dulous, terete, with a single coat; embryo with superior radicle.

13. FILIPENDULA (Tourn.) Adans. Fam. Pl. 2: 295. 1763.

Ulmaria (Tourn.) Hill, Hort. Kew. 213. 1768.
Thecanisia Raf. New Fl. 2: 38. 1837.

Characters of the tribe.
Type species, Spiraca Filipendula \.

Carpels with semicordate bases, laterally attached, leaves interruptedly pinnatifid, 7. e., with alter-
nating larger and smaller leaf-segments.
Carpels spirally twisted, glabrous; leaf-segments few, double-serrate.

Leaves white-tomentose beneath. 1. F. Ulmaria.
Leaves green and nearly glabrous beneath. 2.. F. denudaia.
Carpels not twisted, hispid all over; leaf-segments numerous, twice dis-
sected. 3. F, Filipendula.

Carpels tapering at the base, attached by the very base; leaves more regularly
pinnate or the lateral segments minute.
Carpels sessile, plump, glabrous; lateral leaf-segments rather large, 3-5
cleft. : 4, BF. rubra.
Carpels stipitate, very flat, ciliate on the margins; lateral leaf-segments
much reduced, or almost none, the terminal one large and palmate.
Petals about 3 mm. long, distinctly clawed, blades nearly orbicular. 5. F. kamischatica.
Petals about 6 mm. long, subsessile, elliptic or oval. 6. F. occidentalis,

1. Filipendula Ulmaria (1...) Maxim. Acta Hort.

Petrop. 6: 251. 1879.

Spiraea Ulmaria \. Sp. Pl. 490. 1753.

Ulmaria Spiraea-Ulmaria Hill, Hort. Kew. 214. 1768.
Ulmaria palustris Moench, Meth. 663. 1794.

Spiraea palustris Salisb. Prodr. 364. 1796.

Par 3, 1908] ROSACEAE 267

Spiraea odorata S. F. Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 589, 1821.
? Thecanisia discolor Raf. New Fl. 2: 39. 1837.

Thecanisia Ulmaria Raf. Sylva Tell. 152. 1838.

Utmaria Ulmaria Barnh. Bull, Torrey Club 21: 491. 1894.

Stem angled or grooved, 6-20 dm. high, often purple-tinged and puberulent, branched
above ; leaves interrupted-pinnatisect, with 3-11 larger divisions and smaller ones inter-
posed, finely puberuleut or glabrate above, white-tomentulose beneath ; terminal division
3-5-cleft, double-serrate ; the lateral ones ovate, acute, 2-8 cm. long; inflorescence 1-2 dm.
long, paniculate-cymose, with the lower branches elongate; sepals 4-6, ovate, about 1.5
mm. long, puberulent; petals white or greenish-white; blades rounded-oval, 2-3 mm.
long; achenes about 10, semicordate at the base, slightly laterally affixed, spirally twisted,
3-4 mm. long ; seed oval.

TYPE LOCALITY: Wet meadows of Europe.

DISTRIBUTION : Europe and northern Asia; escaped from gardens in eastern North America
from the lower St. Lawrence to Massachusetts.

yee Fl. Dan. /. 547; Engl. Bot. £1. 960 ; Sv. Bot. pl. 189 ; Britt. & Brown, Ill. Fl.

2. Filipendula denudata (Presl) Rydberg.
Spiraea denudata Presl, Fl, Cech. 101. 1819.
Spiraea Ulmaria denudata Hayne, Arzn. Gew. 8: sub,pl. 32. 1822.
Spiraea Ulmaria concolor Lange, Haandb, Danske Fl. ed. 2. 334. 1859.
Filipendula Uimaria denudata Maxim. Acta Hort. Petrop. 6: 252. 1879.

Stem angled and grooved, 5-15 dm. high, glabrous or puberulent above; leaves inter-
ruptedly pinnate, with 3-9 principal divisions and often several smaller ones in the inter-
spaces, finely puberulent on both sides or usually glabrate above, green on both sides,
strongly veined beneath; terminal division 3-5-cleft, cuneate or truncate at the base,
finely double-serrate; lateral divisions ovate or lanceolate, acute or acuminate, 2-6 cm.
long ; inflorescence 1-2 dm. long, rather irregularly paniculate-cymose; sepals 4-6, ovate,
scarcely 1.5 mm. long, puberulent, reflexed; petals white; blades rounded, about 2 mm.
long; achenes 6-8, semicordate at the base, slightly laterally affixed, spirally twisted, about
3 mm. long.

TYPE LOCALITY: Wet meadows [Bohemia]. 1 .
DISTRIBUTION: Native of Europe, Siberia, and Mongolia; cultivated and occasionally escaped ;
established near Dover, Maine.

3. Filipendula Filipendula (L.) Voss, in Vilmorin, Blumenz.
ed. 3. 1: 240. 1896.—Asch. & Graebn. Syn.
Mittel. Eur. Fl. 6: 439. 1902.

Spiraea Filipendula Y,. Sp. Pl. 490. 1753.
Filipendula hexapetala Gilib. Fl. Lithuan. 2: 237. 1781.
Filipendula vulgaris Moench, Meth. 663. 1794.
Spiraea tuberosa Salisb. Prodr, 364. 1796.
Ulmaria Filipendula Hill, Hort. Kew. 214. 1768.
Spiraea vulgaris S. F. Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 588. 1821.

Perennial with a short rootstock ; roots thickened, fusiform; stem erect, round, simple
or branched above, almost leafless, 3-6 dm. high; leaves mostly basal with more than 40
pairs of larger, lanceolate, pinnatifid segments, which are over 2 cm. long, and between them
smaller 3-5-toothed segments; inflorescence flat; sepals and petals mostly 6; the former
white, rarely pink or rose, rounded; achenes 10-12, about 3 mm. long, erect, not twisted,
hispid all over, terete, laterally attached by the semicordate base; style short, reflexed ;
stigma capitate.

TYPE LOCALITY: Pastures of Europe. Le : ; ;
DISTRIBUTION: Rarely escaped from cultivation in eastern United States; native of Europe

and northern Asia. :
ILLUSTRATIONS: Fl. Dan. pl. 635 ; Sv. Bot. pl. 154; Eng. Bot. p/. 284; Baxter, Brit. Bot. 2: pl.
133; Sturm, Deuts. Fl. 5: pl. 18; Cycl. Am. Hort. f. 2609.

4, Filipendula rubra (Hill) B. L. Robinson,

Rhodora 8: 204. 1906.

Ulmaria rubra Hill, Hort. Kew. 214. 1761.
Spiraea lobata Gronov.; Jacq. Hort. Vind. 1: 38. 1770.
Thecanisia lobata Raf, New Fl. 2: 38. 1837.

268 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 22

Thecanisia purpurea [‘‘ ponpurea” } Nae New FI. 2: 38. 1837.
Thecanisia augustifolia Raf. New Fl. 2: 39. 1837.

Filipendula lobata Maxim. Acta Hort. ee 6: 251. 1879.

Spiraea rubra Britton, Bull. Torrey Club 18: 270. 1891.

Stem 0.5-2 m. high, grooved, tinged with red, glabrous; leaves large, the lower some-
times 1 m. long, pinnately divided into 3-9 segments, dark-green and glabrous above, more
or less pubescent beneath; terminal segment reniform in outline, 1-2 dm. wide, 5-9-cleft
with lanceolate double-serrate lobes; lateral segments obovate in outline, digitately 3-S-
lobed, 5-12 cm. long, the intermediate segments minute; inflorescence flat-topped or ovate ;
sepals ovate, obtuse; petals pink or purple; blades orbicular, 3-3.5 mm. broad; achenes
about 10, lance-oblong, 4-5 mm. long, slightly-flattened, straight, tapering at each end, ses-
sile or nearly so, fixed by the base; seeds oblong; style slightly curved; stigma capitate.

TYPE LOCALITY : North America.
DISTRIBUTION : In moist ground from Vermont to Pennsylvania, Iowa, Kentucky, and Georgia.
fl ILLUSTRATIONS : Hill, Hort. Kew. pl. 7; Jacq. Hort. Vind. 1: f/. 88; Britt. & Brown, Ml. Fl.
. 1953.

5. Filipendula kamtschatica (Pall.) Maxim. Acta Hort. Petrop.
6: 248. 1871.
Spiraea kamischatica Pall. Fl. Ross. 1: 41. 1784.

Stem tall, 1m. high or more, angled, glabrous below, more or less pubescent above ;
leaves pinnately divided, but the terminal segment large and the lateral ones minute, gla-
brous or nearly so above, more or less pubescent beneath; terminal segment cordate or ren-
iform, 1-2 dm. broad, digitately 3-7-cleft with ovate or lanceolate, more or less acuminate
and double-serrate lobes ; inflorescence flat-topped ; petals white; blades orbicular or nearly
so, 2-2.5 mm. long; achenes about 5 in number, 6-7 mm. long, distinctly stipitate at the
base, lance-linear, very flat, ciliate on the sutures, otherwise glabrous; seed oblong; styles
slender, almost straight; stigma capitate.

TYPE LOCALITY : Kamchatka.

DISTRIBUTION : Kamchatka, Sachalin, Manchuria, Japan, and the western Aleutian Islands.

ILLUSTRATION: Pall. Fl. Ross. 1: pé. 28.

6. Filipendula occidentalis (S. Wats.) Howell, Fl. NW. Am.
1: 185. 1898.
Spiraea occidentalis S, Wats. Proc. Am. Acad. 18: 192. 1883.

Stem 1-2 m. high, simple, nearly terete, straw-colored, glabrous below, pubescent above ;
leaves pinnately divided, with a large terminal division and small lateral ones, more or less
hairy on both sides, especially on the veins; terminal segment cordate or reniform, 1-1.5
dm. broad, digitately 3-7-cleft with ovate, acute, double-serrate lobes; lateral segments 1-2
pairs, ovate to lanceolate, 5-10 mm. long, toothed ; inflorescence flat-topped ; *sepals lanceo-
late, 2 mm. long, acute; petals elliptic or oval, almost clawless, white, about 6 mm. long;
achenes long-stipitate, the stipes almost equaling the bodies, the latter linear-lanceolate, cil-
iate on the margins and more or less hairy on the sides; styles slender, straight.

TYPE LOCALITY: Rocky banks of the Trask River, Tillamoak County, Oregon.
DISTRIBUTION : Western Oregon.

Tribe 7. POTENTILLEAE. Mostly perennial herbs, with scaly rootstock
or caudex, a few annuals or biennials, only the genus Dasiphora shrubby and
Sibbaldiopsis suffruticose. Leaves pinnate or digitate, with persistent stipules.
Inflorescence mostly cymose, but in Dasipbhora, Argentina, Duchesnea and a
few species of Potentilla, the flowers are solitary and axillary. Hypanthium
from flat and poorly developed, almost obsolete, to deeply campanulate. Disk
usually poorly developed. Sepals subtended by a set of bractlets of the same
number, except in Chamaerhodos and Purpusia. Pistils from one to many;
ovules solitary, inserted at the distal end of the ovary. Fruit achenes; seeds

Part 3, 1908] ROSACEAE 269

from pendulous and anatropous in genera with terminal style to ascending and
orthotropous in genera with basal styles.

A. Style terminal or nearly so; ovules pendulous and anatropous.
Anthers oblong, opening by longitudinal slits ; pistils two to many.
Stamens separated from the receptacle by an open space; no indication of an annular thick-
ening at the base of the filaments.
Hypanthium saucer-shaped to deeply campanulate ; petals oblanceolate to obcordate or
cuneate ; pistils usually more than 2.
Filaments dilated, petaloid.
Stamens 10; sepals not reflexed in anthesis.
Stamens 20.
Pistils numerous ; hypanthium campanulate; sepals reflexed
in anthesis.
Pistils 3-6; hypanthium turbinate ; sepals not reflexed in
anthesis. (One species, J. argyrocoma, in)
Filaments filiform.
Pistils inserted in the bottom of the hypanthium ; bractlets
present.
Pistils inserted on a stalked receptacle ; bractlets lacking.
Hypanthium wheel-shaped ; petals narrowly linear ; pistils 2.
Stamens inserted very near the base of the receptacle on a more or less
evident annular thickening.
Anthers obcordate, opening by subterminal pores ; pistil 1.
B. Style lateral; ovules ascending and amphitropous.
Achenes glabrous ; herbs.
Achenes numerous ; stamens about 20.
Leaves odd-pinnate.
Receptacle not enlarged in fruit ; petals yellow, obtuse or retuse ;

14. HORKELIA.

15. HORKELIELLA.

16. IveEsta.

16. Ivestia. pie? [
17, Purpusta. P74).
18. COMARELLA.

20.
19,

POTENTILLA.
STELLARIOPSIS.

leaves interruptedly pinnate.

Receptacle somewhat enlarged in fruit, becoming spongy ; petals
: 22

21. ARGENTINA.

red, acute or acuminate ; leaves regularly pinnate. . COMARUM.
Leaves trifoliolate ; receptacle much enlarged and usually red in
fruit. :
Receptacle not pulpy ; petals yellow. 23. DUCHESNEA.
Receptacle pulpy ; petals white or pinkish. 24, FRAGARIA.
Achenes 10-15 ; stamens 5; leaves trifoliolate. 25. SIBBALDIA.
Achenes hairy; shrubs or undershrubs.
Style filiform ; leaves trifoliolate; petals white. 26. SIBBALDIOPSIS,
Style club-shaped ; leaves pinnate ; petals (in ours) yellow. 27. DASIPHORA.
C. Style nearly basal ; ovules ascending or nearly erect, orthotropous.
Stamens and pistils numerous ; bractlets present ; leaves pinnate. 28. DRYMOCALLIS.
Stamens 5; bractlets wanting ; leaves twice or thrice ternate. 29, CHAMAERHODOS.
14. HORKELIA Cham. & Schlecht. Linnaea 2: 26. 1827.

Perennial herbs with scaly rootstocks or caudices. Leaves pinnately compound, usu-
ally with many leaflets. Inflorescence cymose-paniculate. Hypanthium deeply campan-
ulate to saucer-shaped. Bractlets, sepals and petals 5. Petals of variable form, strap-
shaped, oblanceolate, obovate, cuneate or obcordate, often unguiculate, white or light-
yellow. Stamens 10, inserted in the throat of the hypanthium and therefore separated
from the receptacle by a wide open space; filaments dilated and more or less petaloid,
persistent, triangular, lanceolate or subulate, with a distinct midrib. Receptacle generally
conic or hemispheric with numerous pistils, in a few species small, with 3-15 pistils. Styles
long and slender, almost filiform, but generally slightly thickened and somewhat glandular
below, articulated to the achene and at last deciduous. Ovule and seed inserted near the
base of the style, pendulous and anatropous.

Type species, Horkelia californica Cham. & Schlecht.

Lower stipules not dissected into linear-filiform segments.
Cyme very leafy; hypanthium campanulate; bractlets ovate, much ex-
ceeding the sepals and petals.
Cyme less leafy ; hypanthium cupulate or saucer-shaped ; bractlets not
exceeding the sepals.
Leaves with 4-15 pairs of toothed or dissected leaflets.

Bractlets ovate or lanceolate ; leaflets cuneate, toothed or divided,
not densely imbricated; inflorescence truly cymose; filaments
not very unequal in shape.

Bractlets linear. . .

Leaflets not densely crowded, nor imbricate; inflorescence
dense, subcapitate or fastigiate.
Petals oblong, rounded at the apex; filaments not very un-
equal in shape.

I. CALIFORNICAE.

II, CUNEATAE.

III. TENUILOBAE.

270 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA

Petals cuneate, truncate or emarginate; outer stamens much
broader than the inner.
Leaflets densely crowded and imbricate ;
cymose.
Leaves of 2-4 pairs of leaflets, which are 2-3- (seldom 5-) toothed only
at the apex or entire.
Lower stipules dissected into linear-filiform hairy segments.

inflorescence open,

I, CALIFORNICAE.

Bractlets usually 3-toothed ; stem stout.
Basal leaves with 34 pairs of leaflets; fruiting calyx 5-6 mm. in diam-

[VOLUME 22

IV, CApITATAE.
V. SERICATAE.

VI, TRIDENTATAE,

VII. HIRSUTAE.

eter. 1. H. frondosa.
Basal leaves with 4-10 pairs of leaflets; fruiting calyx about 1 em. in di-
ameter. 2. A. californica.
Bractlets usually entire.
Stem slender; basal leaves with 15-25 leaflets. 3. AZ, elata.
Stem stout ; basal leaves with about 11 leaflets, 4. H. glandulosa.
II, CUNEATAE.
Leaflets flabelliform, dissected.
Hypanthium and calyx 5-6 mm. long ; sepals lanceolate. 5. H. Michenerz.
Hypanthium and calyx about 3 mm. long; ; Sepals ovate. 6. H. Wilderae.
Leatiets merely toothed.
Pubescence dense, silky, not at all glandular, except slightly so on the
branches of the inflorescence and the hypanthium i in A. Clevelandi.
Piant densely canescent. . A. Rydbergii.
Plant green or greenish.
Pubescence very short and dense.
Plant stout, 3-6 dm. high; leaflets thick, obovate, 10-25mm.long. 8. H. Kelloggii.
Plant slender, 2-4 dm. high ; leaflets obovate-cuneate to reni-
form, 5-10 mm. long. 9. H. Clevelandi,
Pubescence longer and less dense ; plants 2-4 dm. high.
Pubescence appressed; hypanthium cupulate. 10. A. bernardina,
Pubescence spreading ; hypanthium nearly saucer-shaped. ll. H. Bolanderi.
Pubescence more or less hirsute and glandular,
Plants usually over 3 dm. high ; petals spatulate or oblong.
Flowers 15-20 mm. in diameter ; hypanthium saucer-shaped ;
pedicels often 2.5 cm. long.
Leaflets acute, regularly and coarsely toothed. 12. H. platycalyx.

Leaflets truncate, finely toothed and with usually 3 large teeth
at the apex.
Flowers about 10 mm. in diameter; hypanthium cupulate ; pedi-
cels 0.5-1.5 cm. long
Plants usually less than 5 dm. high.
Hypanthium cupulate ; petals spatulate- oblohg.
Hypanthium saticer-shaped ; petals broadly obovate.

III. TENUILOBAE.

Leaflets thick, densely pubescent, cleft about half their length or less ;
plant 1-2 dm. high.

Leaflets Piae spanaely hairy, cleft into linear lobes to near the base ; plant
34 dm. h

IV. CAPITATAE.

Plant less than 3 dm. high ; petals 2-3 mm. long.
Leaflets cleft with lanceolate or oblong divisions ;
Leaves densely hairy. :
Leaves sparingly hairy or glabrate.
Leaflets obovate, toothed with rounded teeth, densely glandular-pubern-

inflorescence open.

lent ; inflorescence dense. 21.
Plant usually over 3. dm. high ; petals 3-6 mm. long.
Leaflets merely toothed.
Pubescence of both leaves and stem more or less villous. 22.

Pubéscence rather scant, on the leaves scarcely any, on the upper
part of the stem glandular,
Leaflets ovate or oval, 2-3 cm. long; bracts generally exceeding
the inflorescence.
Leaflets obovate or cuneate, usually less than 2 em, long ; bracts
shorter than the inflorescence.
Leaflets divided more than halfway to the midrib into linear or linear-
oblong divisions.

V. SERICATAE,

Plant silvery with long appressed hairs,
Plant hispidulous and glandular-puberulent.

15,
16,

19.
20.

26.
27.

13. A. truncata.
14. A. puberula,

FT. cuneata.
HI. Parryt.

7. H. Hendersonii.

18.

AT, tenutloba,

AT, Brownii.
AT, tenella.

HI. parviflora,

HI, pseudocapitata.

23. H. capitata,
24. AY, fusca.

25. A. tenutsecta.

AI, sericata,
AT, hispidula,

Parr 3, 1908] ROSACEAE 271

VI. TRIDENTATAE.
Petals white, oblanceolate ; filaments linear-lanceolate ; cymes rather fas-

tigiate.
Petioles and stem with spreading hairs; leaflets toothed at the apex. 28. HY. tridentata.
Petioles and stem appressed-silky ; leaflets entire. 29. H. integrifolia.
Petals yellow, at least in drying.
Cymes subcapitate ; outer filaments triangular to lanceolate. 30. A. flavescens.
Cymes few-flowered and open ; filaments linear-lanceolate. 31. H. congesia.

2s VII. HIRSUTAE.
Cyme fastigiately corymbose.
Leaflets oblong-cuneate, 2-5-toothed or cleft at the apex.
Plant silky.

Leaflets about 4 pairs, toothed at the apex. 31. HY. congesta.
Leaflets 6-8 pairs, cleft with lanceolate divisions. 32. HY. pulchra.
Plant hirsute ; leafiets 4-10 pairs. 33. Al. hirsuta.

Leaflets divided to near the base into linear segments.
Stem more or less glandular ; segments linear, acute, 1-2 mm. wide. 34. H. dauctfolia.
Stem silky-villous, not glandular; segments narrowly linear, less
than 1 mm. wide. 35. Hf. caruifolia.
Cyme open and lax.

Leaflets cuneate, cleft at the apex half their length into oblong-acute
segments. 36. HY. laxiflora.
Leaflets divided to the base into oblong or oval segments. 37. H. Howelltt.

I, Californicae. Stout, glandular, leafy plants, with comparatively large leaflets.
Flowers in aleafy cyme. Hypanthium deeply campanulate; bractlets ovate, much exceed-
ing the sepals and petals. Petals narrow, strap-shaped, white. Stamens with rather long
anthers and short, oblong, comparatively narrow filaments.

1. Horkelia frondosa (Greene) Rydb. Bull. Torrey
Club 25: 54. 1898.
Potentilla frondosa Greene, Pittonia 1: 300. 1889.

Perennial; stem stout, erect or decumbent, 0.5-1 m. high, densely glandular-hirsute and
heavy-scented, leafy throughout; stipules ovate, about 1.5 cm. long; leaves pinnate,
the lower with 3-4, the upper with 1-3 pairs of leaflets, more or less glandular-villous;
leaflets ovate to oblong, 3-5 cm. long, doubly serrate, with mostly rounded teeth, the upper
generally more or less confluent; cyme spreading and leafy; pedicels very short, 1-3 mm.
long, seldom longer ; hypanthium campanulate, in fruit 5-6 mm. in diameter, more or less
tinged with brown; hbractlets ovate, 3-5 mm. long, generally 3:toothed at the apex, spread-
ing, a little exceeding the triangular-lanceolate sepals, which are erect in fruit; petals
white, oblong, a little shorter than the sepals; stamens with flat oblong filaments and

oblong anthers.

TYPE LOCALITY : Martinez, Contra Costa County, California.
DISTRIBUTION: Central California, near the coast.
ILLUSTRATION : Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: pl. 56.

2. Horkelia californica Cham. & Schlecht. Linnaea 2: 26. 1827.

Sibbaldia californica Spreng. Syst. 42: 341. 1827.

Horkelia grandis H. & A. Bot. Beech. Voy. 339. 1838.

Potentilla californica Greene, Pittonia 1: 100. 1887. :

Potentilla californica carmeliana Jepson, Fl, W. Middle Calif, 282. 1901.

Root perennial; stems stout, 0.5-1 m. high, densely glandular and very fragrant, as
well as the foliage, leafy; basal leaves numerous, long-petioled, pinnate; leaflets 5-10
pairs ; stem-leaves smaller, the leaflets more crowded, all densely glandular-hirsute ; leaf-
lets 2-5 cm. long, broadly obovate or orbicular in outline, toothed and incised, sometimes
3-5-cleft with mostly acute teeth, the upper often confluent; inflorescence open, cymose-
dichotomous; pedicels short, 2-5 mm. jong; hypanthium campanulate, in fruit about 1
cm. in diameter, densely glandular and veined, often purple-tinged; bractlets 5-10 mm.
long, ribbed, ovate and generally 3-toothed at the apex, the middle tooth the longest,
somewhat exceeding the ovate, acute sepals; bractlets and sepals generally erect in fruit ;
petals white, strap-shaped, oblong, much shorter than the sepals; stamens 10, with oblong
filaments and anthers; stipules about 1 cm. long, ovate, generally more or less toothed.

TYPE LOCALITY : San Francisco, California.
DISTRIBUTION: Central California, near the coast.
ILLUSTRATION : Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: pl. 57.

272 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 22

3. Horkelia elata (Greene) Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 25: 54. 1898.

Potentilla elata Greene, Pittonia 1: 100. 1887.
Potentilla californica elata Greene, Fl. Fran. 1: 66. 1891.

Stems rather numerous from a perennial root, quite slender, 0.5-1 m. high, softly but
sparingly glandular-villous; stipules ovate-lanceolate, about 1 cm. long; basal leaves
numerous, slender-petioled, pinnate; leaflets 7-11 pairs, thin and softly hairy, obovate or
broadly cuneate-flabelliform, repeatedly cleft and incised into very narrow segments, the
upper confluent; stem-leaves similar, but smaller, and with fewer leaflets; cyme open;
pedicels short, 2-6 mm. long; hypanthium campanulate, softly hairy and glandular, in
fruit 5-8 mm. in diameter; bractlets and sepals triangular-lanceolate, mostly entire, the’
former 3-8 mm. long, usually exceeding the sepals; petals white, oblong, about equaling
the sepals.

TYPE LOCALITY: Shady banks of the upper Napa River, a little above Calistoga [California],
DISTRIBUTION: Western slope of the Sierra Nevada.
ILLUSTRATION: Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: pi. 58.

4. Horkelia glandulosa Eastw. Bull. Torrey Club 32: 195. 1905.

Perennial, with a woody rootstock; stems several, 6 dm. high, stout and coarse, finely
viscid-glandular throughout and softly villous with silky hairs; basal leaves often 4 dm.
long, with about 5 pairs of leaflets; leaflets elliptic to orbicular in outline, cuneate at the
base, laciniately lobed and toothed, the larger 4 cm. long; cauline leaves smaller; stipules
resembling the leaflets but smaller; cymes terminal or axillary; central flower pedicelled,
the lateral ones subsessile; hypanthium urceolate, 5 mm. long; sepals 5 mm. long and 3
mm. wide, glandular-hairy without, attenuate; bractlets similar but narrower ; petals white,
oblong, 6 mm. long, 4 mm. wide; filaments broad, as long as the anthers.

TYPE LOCALITY: Laytonville, Mendocino Co., California.
DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality.

II. Cuneatae. Stem lessleafy than in the preceding group. Basal leaves pinnate, with
4-15 pairs of rather small obovate or cuneate leaflets, which are in all but one species less
than 2 cm. long. Inflorescence rather openly cymiose, several- or many-flowered. Hypan-
thium cupulate or saucer-shaped; bractlets ovate or lanceolate, not exceeding the sepals.
Stamens with broad uniform filaments. Pistils many.

5. Horkelia Micheneri (Greene) Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club
25: 54. 1898.

Potentilla Micheneri Greene, Erythea 1: 5. 1893.
Potentilla tenuiloba Micheneri Jepson, Fl. W. Middle Calif. 283. 1901.

Stems several from a deep perennial root, slightly hirsute, brown, simple or branched
below, ascending or erect; stipules lanceolate, mostly entire, 5-10 mm. long; basal leaves
numerous, slightly tabeceent or glabrate, dark-green, pinnate, with 10-16 pairs of cuneate
leaflets which are about 1 cm. long, flabelliform, dissected from the end to the middle into 2-4
segments, these again divided into rather divergent, oblong, obtuse lobes; stem-leaves sim-
ilar, but smaller and with fewer leaflets; cyme open, with divergent branches; hypanthium
hirsute, cupulate, in fruit 4-5 mm. in diameter; bractlets linear-lanceolate, much smaller
than the broadly lanceolate sepals, which are 3-4 mm long; petals yellowish or white, spat-
ulate, a little exceeding the sepals, more or less deeply notched at the apex.

TYPE LOCALITY: Southern flanks of Mt. Tamalpais, California.
DISTRIBUTION : Mt. Tamalpais.
ILLUSTRATION: Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: pJ. 59.

6. Horkelia Wilderae Parish, Bot. Gaz. 38: 460. 1904.

Cespitose, sparsely pubescent perennial, from a perpendicular root ; stem slender, 2 dm.
high, much branched above; stipules lanceolate, entire or 1-2-toothed at the base; basal
leaves 6-8 cm. long; leaflets 5 or 6 pairs, cuneate, 5 mm. long, deeply incised, the lobes
oblong; upper cauline leaves unifoliolate, deeply dissected ; cyme diffuse; flowers numerous

PAR? 3, 1908] ROSACEAE 273

on slender pedicels, 3-8 mm. long; hypanthium glabrate, saucer-shaped, about 2 mm. in
diameter ; bractlets linear-oblong, obtuse or acutish, 1 mm. long; sepals lanceolate, 2 mm.
long; petals obovate, white, about equaling the sepals; achenes few.

TYPE LOCALITY : Along trail leading from Barton Flat to South Fork of Santa Ana River, San
Bernadino Mountains, California.
DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality.

7. Horkelia Rydbergii Elmer, Bot. Gaz. 39: 50. 1905.

Low prostrate perennial forming dense mats ; stems decumbent, 1-2 dm. long, densely
canescent; stipules lanceolate, entire, about 15mm. long; basal leaves numerous, clustered
at the base, 4-6 cm. long, densely canescent with short silky hairs; leaflets 8-12 pairs,
about 5mm. long, sessile, broadly cuneate, 3-7-toothed ; stem-leaves smaller and with fewer
leaflets ; inflorescence loosely cymose ; pedicels usually short; hypanthium canescent, cupu-
late, 5 mm. broad in fruit; bractlets 2 mm. long, lanceolate ;. sepals lanceolate, 3 mm.
long, acute; petals cuneate, oblong or obovate, 3-4 mm. long; achenes 1 mm. long, brown.

TYPE LOCALITY: Dry gravelly flat near Griffin’s Postoffice, Ventura County, California.
DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality.

Mey,
8. Horkelia Kelloggii Greene, Bull. Calif. Acad. 2: 416. 1887.

Horkelia californica sericea A. Gray, Proc, Am. Acad. 6: 529. 1865.
Potentilla Kelloggii Greene, Pittonia 1: 101. 1887. Nov.

Potentilla californica sericea K. Brand. Zoe 2: 349. 1892.

Horkelia sericea Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 25: 56. 1898.

Perennial, with a rootstock and short woody caudex; stem stout, 3-6 dm. high, ascend-
ing, or rarely nearly prostrate, silky-pubescent, not glandular ; stipules ovate or lanceolate,
1-2 em. long, often toothed; basal leaves numerous, rather short-petioled, pinnate ; leaflets
4-7 pairs, rather thick and with prominent veins, densely and finely silky-pubescent, obo-
vate, 1-2.5 cm. long, coarsely toothed, the upper confluent ; stem-leaves similar but smaller,
with 2-5 pairs of leaflets; cyme rather dense ; hypanthium densely silky-canescent, cupulate,
about twice as wide as deep; bractlets and sepals entire, ovate or lance-ovate, of nearly the
same length, 5-6 mm. long, acute; petals white, spatulate, 5-6 mm. long, rounded at the
apex.

TYPE LOCALITY : Oakland, near San Francisco, California.
DISTRIBUTION : Central and southern California, near the coast.
ILLUSTRATION : Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Uniw. 2: p/. 60.

9. Horkelia Clevelandi (Greene) Rydb. Bull. Torrey
Club 25: 54. 1898.

Potentilla Clevelandi Greene, Pittonia 1: 102. 1887.

Perennial, with a scaly rootstock and short caudex; stems several, simple, 2-4 dm.
high, finely pubescent, very rarely a little glandular above, often reddish-tinged ; stipules
ovate, 5-8 mm. long, often toothed; basal leaves numerous, short-petioled ; leaflets 7~11
pairs, densely and finely pubescent, not at all glandular, obovate-cuneate to nearly reni-
form, deeply crenate-toothed at the apex, entire at the base, 5-10 mm. long; stem-leaves
smaller, with fewer cuneate or oblong leaflets; cyme with rather short erect or spreading
branches; hypanthium finely pubescent, little if at all glandular, cupulate with the depth
about one-half the width ; -bractlets ovate, a little shorter than the ovate-lanceolate acute
sepals, which are about 4 mm. long; petals spatulate-oblong, a little exceeding the sepals,
truncate or rounded at the apex.

Type LocaLity : Laguna, in the mountains back of San Diego, California.
DISTRIBUTION : Southern California and northern Lower California.
ILLUSTRATION : Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: p/. 62.

10. Horkelia bernardina Rydberg.
J landeri Parryi S. Wats. Bot. Calif. 1: 182. 1876. ;
Horkelia yee “Rydb. Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: 129. 1898. Not 47. Parry Greene,
1887.

Perennial, with a scaly rootstock and a short woody branched caudex ; stems numerous,
simple, 2-4 dm. high, grayish-strigose, not at all glandular; stipules ovate to ovate-lanceo_

274 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 22

late, acute, mostly entire ; basal leaves numerous, densely appressed-silky-canescent, pin-
nate; leaflets 6-11 pairs, cuneate, entire at the base, coarsely toothed above, 5-10 mm.
long; stem-leaves smaller and with narrower leaflets; cyme rather closely-flowered, with
short branches ; hypanthium densely appressed-hoary or strigose-canescent, cupulate, about
half as deep as wide; bractlets and sepals broadly lanceolate, the former generally some-
what smaller, the latter 4mm. long, acuminate; petals broadly spatulate or cuneate, a little
exceeding the sepals, truncate or usually more or less emarginate.

TYPE LOCALITY: Mountains above San Bernardino, California.
DISTRIBUTION : Southern California, near the coast.
ILLUSTRATION : Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: p/. 62.

11. Horkelia Bolanderi A. Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 7: 338. 1868.

Potentilla Rolanderi Greene, Pittonia 1: 103. 1887.
Horkelia Bolanderi marinensis Elmer, Bot. Gaz. 41: 321. 1906.

Perennial, with a scaly rootstock and a rather slender caudex, much branched and
somewhat tufted ; stems several, in the original specimens less than 1 dm. high and nearly
scapose, in later specimens 2-3 dm. high and more leafy, slender, finely villous; stipules
lanceolate, 5 mm. long, mostly entire; basal leaves pinnate; leaflets 6-11 pairs, loosely
and densely villous or hoary-canescent, cuneate, about 5 mm. long, entire at the base,
coarsely 3-5-toothed at the apex; cyme in the original specimens dense, subcapitate, in
later ones more open; hypanthium densely villous or hoary, about 4 mm. in diameter in
fruit, saucer-shaped, about athird as deep as wide; bractlets linear-lanceolate, generally
much shorter than the broadly lanceolate sepals, which are about 5 mm. long; petals
oblong-spatulate, apparently cream-colored, about a third longer than the sepals, rounded
at the apex.

TYPE LOCALITY : Near Clear Lake, California.
DISTRIBUTION : Central California.
ILLUSTRATION : Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: p/. 63.

12. Horkelia platycalyx Rydb. Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia
af Univ. 2: 131. 1898.
Horkelia capitata Por. Pacif, R. R. Rep. 4: 84. 1857. »

Perennial, with a scaly rootstock and short caudex; stem stout, 5-10 dm. high, glan-
dular-pubescent, leafy, often tinged with red; stipules ovate, 1-2 cm. long, often toothed ;
basal leaves several, more or less glandular-puberulent ; leaflets 5-7 pairs, obovate, crenate,
1-2 cm. long; stem-leaves similar but with fewer leaflets ; cyme open and branched; ped-
icels rather long, often 2.5 cm.; flowers 15-20 mm. in diameter; hypanthium glandular-
pubescent, saucer-shaped, a fourth to a third as deep as wide; bractlets ovate, a little
smaller than the ovate-triangular sepals which are 5-6 mm. long; petals oblong or spatu-
late, exceeding the sepals by about a third; rounded at the apex.

TYPE LOCALITY : Santa Barbara, California.
DISTRIBUTION: Southern California.
ILLUSTRATION : Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ, 2: p/. 64.

13. Horkelia truncata Rydberg, sp. nov.
Horkelia californica paucifoliolata S. Wats. in herb. (Rydb. Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ.

2: 131, asa synonym under H. platycalyz. 1898).

Perennial, with a short rootstock and caudex ; stem 2-5 dm. high, glandular-pubescent,
leafy, green; lower stipules linear-lanceolate, more or less cleft, 1-2 cm. long, the upper
lanceolate and entire; basal leaves several, glandular-puberulent and hirsute on the veins;
leaflets 2-4 pairs, obovate-cuneate, truncate at the apex with usually 3 large teeth of which
the middle one is shorter, otherwise finely crenate, 1-4 cm. long; inflorescence open, but
few-flowered ; hypanthium saucer-shaped, 7-8 mm. wide and half as deep; bractlets lance-
ovate, 4-5 mm. long, a little shorter than the ovate acuminate sepals; petals broadly obo-
vate, 5-6 mm. long; outer filaments triangular, much broader than the inner.

Type collected in Brandegee’s garden at San Diego, cultivated plant brought from Ramona,
California, Harley P. Chandler 5321 (herb. Univ. of Calif.).
DISTRIBUTION : Southern California and northern Lower California.

Part 3, 1908] ROSACEAE 275

14. Horkelia puberula (Greene) Rydb. Bull. Torrey

Club 25: 55. 1898.
Potentilla puberula Greene, Pittonia1: 102. 1887.

Perennial, with a scaly rootstock anda short woody caudex; stems mostly several, 3-6
dm. high, branched, finely glandular-puberulent, leafy; stipules obovate, often toothed;
basal leaves numerous, puberulent or glabrate; leaflets 5-8 pairs, obovate or cuneate-ob-
long, 1-2.5 cm. long, coarsely and deeply toothed; stem-leaves similar but smaller and with
fewer leaflets; cyme open, branched, with rather spreading branches; pedicels 5-15 mm.
long; flowers about 10 mm. wide; hypanthium glandular-puberulent, cupulate, about half
as deep as wide, in fruit about 8 mm. in diameter; bractlets broadly lanceolate, shorter than
the ovate-lanceolate sepals, which are 5-6 mm. long, acuminate; petals oblong-spatulate, a
little exceeding the sepals, rounded at the apex.

TYPE LOCALITY : Mesas, five miles west of San Bernardino, California.
DISTRIBUTION : Southern California.
ILLUSTRATION : Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: pl. 65.

15. Horkelia cuneata Lindl. Bot. Reg. 23: sub A/. 2997. 1837.
Horkelia Douglasiana Nutt.; H. & A. Bot. Beech. Voy. 338, assynonym. 1838.
Horkelia californica cuneata A. Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 6: 529. 1865.

Potentilla Lindleyi Greene, Pittonia 1: 101. 1887.
Potentilla multijuga Greene, Fl. Fran. 1: 66. 1891. Not P. multiquga Lehm.

Perennial, with a short woody caudex ; stems several, rather slender, 1.5-3 dm. high,
few-leaved, villous and glandular, especially on the upper part, sometimes nearly glabrous ;
stipules lanceolate or ovate, 5-10 mm. long, mostly entire; basal leaves rather short-peti-
oled, villous or hirsute-puberulent, or nearly glabrous, pinnate; leaflets 8-12 pairs, cune-
ate to obovate, entire at the base, deeply toothed above, about 1 cm. long; stem-leaves few
and small; cyme rather dense and few-flowered; hypanthium villous-glandular, in fruit
5-8 mm. in diaméter, cupulate, about half as deep as wide; bractlets ovate-lanceolate, a
little smaller than the similar sepals, which are 5-6 mm. long, acuminate; petals oblong-
spatulate, exceeding the sepals by about a third, rounded at the apex.

TYPE LOCALITY: California. ; .
DISTRIBUTION : California, mear the coast from Monterey to San Luis Obispo.
ILLUSTRATION : Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: pl. 66.

16. Horkelia Parryi Greene, Bull. Calif. Acad. 2: 416. 1887.

Potentilla Parryi Greene, Pittonia 1: 102. 1887.
Horkelia platypetala Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 25: 55. 1898.

Perennial, with a scaly horizontal rootstock and a cespitose caudex; stems several,
slender, 1-2 dm. high, branched, glandular-puberulent ; stipules ovate, often pectinately
toothed, 5-8 mm. long; basal leaves very numerous, somewhat villous-puberulent ; leaf-
lets obovate-cuneate, 5-10 mm. long, deeply incised; stem-leaves few and small, with 1-3
pairs of leaflets; cyme open with slender branches; pedicels in fruit about 1.5 cm. long,
recurved ; hypanthium saucer-shaped, about a third as deep as wide, in fruit about 7 mm.
in diameter ; bractlets lanceolate, much smaller than the ovate-lanceolate sepals, which are
about 5 mm. long; petals white, obovate- to broadly cuneate-oblong, about half longer
than the sepals, rounded at the apex.

TypE LOCALITY : Ione, Amador County, California.
DISTRIBUTION : Amador County, California, —
ILLUSTRATION : Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: p/. 67, f. 1-5 (as 7. platypeiala).

III. Tenuilobae. Stem leafy at the base. Leaves pinnate, with many cleft or dissected
small leaflets, obovate or cuneate in outline. Inflorescence a dense cyme. Hypanthium
campanulate ; bractlets linear, shorter than the sepals. Petals oblong, rounded at the
apex. Filaments rather narrow, uniform or nearly so.

276 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 22

17. Horkelia Hendersonii Howell, Pacif. Coast Pl.
Coll. 1887: [2]. 1887.

Perennial, with a cespitose, thick, woody caudex; stems about 1 dm. high, hirsute-
villous, tinged with red or purple, simple and few-leaved; stipules lanceolate, mostly
entire; basal leaves numerous; leaflets 5-8 rather crowded pairs, densely canescent-hirsute,
in age often ferruginous; cyme dense; hypanthium cup-shaped, hirsute, more or less pur-
plish, about 4 mm. in diameter; bractlets linear-filiform, shorter than the lanceolate sepals,
which are about 4 mm. long; petals oblong-linear, generally shorter than the sepals,
obtuse.

TyPE LocaLity: [Not given in the original, but supplied in Howell’s Flora of Northwest
America.] Top of Ashland Butte, Siskiyou Mountains, Oregon.

DISTRIBUTION : Siskiyou Mountains in southern Oregon.

ILLUSTRATION : Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: pi. 67, f. 6-10.

18. Horkelia tenuiloba (‘Torr.) A. Gray, Proc. Am.

Acad. 6: 529. 1865.
Horkelia fusca tenuiloba Torr. Pacif. R. R. Rep. 4: 84. 1857.
Potentilla tenuiloba Greene, Pittonia 1: 105. 1887. net Jochen 185%.
Potentilla stenoloba Greene, Etythea 3: 36. 1895.

Perennial, with a horizontal rootstock and short woody caudex; stems 1-2 dm. high,
more or less tinged with brown, hirsute-villous, not at all glandular, mostly simple; stipules
ovate-lanceolate, often pectinately toothed ; basal leaves numerous, pinnate, more or less
grayish-hirsute; leaflets 6-10 pairs, about I cm. long, divided almost to the base into linear
segments; stem-leaves similar but smaller; cyme dense, often nearly subcapitate; hypan-
thium cupulate, about 5 mm. in diameter, hirsute; bractlets linear-filiform, much smaller
than the broadly lanceolate sepals which are about 4 mm. long; petals oblong, very little
exceeding the sepals, rounded at the apex.

TYPE LOCALITY: Laguna of Santa Rosa Creek, California,
DISTRIBUTION: Coast range of California.
ILLUSTRATION: Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: f1. 73.

IV, Capitatae. In general habit resembling the group Cuneatae, but the inflorescence
more contracted, fastigiately corymbose-cymose or subcapitate. Hypanthium deeply cup-
shaped ; bractlets linear. Filaments of the outer stamens much broader than those of the
inner ones, broadly triangular. Pistils numerous. Petals obcordate, unguiculate, white
or often tinged with rose.

19. Horkelia Brownii Rydberg, sp. nov.

Perennial, with a short caudex; stems several, about 3 dm. high, branched, more or
less villous with short hairs and glandular; stipules lanceolate, toothed; basal leaves 5-10
em. long, with 7-9 pairs of leaflets, which are cuneate, 5-12 mm. long, densely short-
villous and cleft or incised at the end, with lanceolate or oblong teeth ; stem-leaves smaller,
with 2-3 pairs of narrower leaflets; cyme rather open; hypanthium cupulate, in fruit 3
mm. high, glandular-villous; bractlets linear, 1 mm., or in fruit 2 mm. long; sepals
lanceolate, acute, 1.5 mm., in fruit 3 mm. long; petals white, broadly cuneate, about 2
mm, long; filaments broadly subulate.

Type collected on the south side of Mt. Shasta, Siskiyou County, California, in 1897, H. EZ.
Brown 530 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.).

DISTRIBUTION: Type locality and vicinity.

20. Horkelia tenella (S. Wats.) Rydb. Bull. Torrey

Club 25: 55. 1898.
Horkelia fusca tenella S. Wats. Bot. Calif. 1: 181. 1876.

Potentilla Douglasit tenella Greene, Fl, Fran. 1: 67. 1891.

Perennial, witha thick root and short caudex; stems slender, 2-3 dm. high, glandular-
pruinose ; stipules lanceolate, toothed; basal leaves 5-8 cm. long, with 4-6 pairs of leaflets,
which are cuneate, 5-15 mm. long, slightly glandular-pruinose and with a few scattered

Parr 3, 1908] ROSACEAE 277

hairs, or almost glabrous, thin, cleft at the apex with oblong or lanceolate lobes; stem-
leaves with 1-4 pairs of somewhat narrower and smaller leaflets; inflorescence rather open ;
hypanthium cupulate, usually purplish, 1.5 mm. high, glandular-puberulent and slightly
hairy; bractlets linear, 1 mm. long; sepals lanceolate, 1.5 mm. long, acuminate; petals
white, broadly cuneate, about 2 mm. long; filaments triangular; pistils rather few.

TYPE LOCALITY: Sierra County, California.
DISTRIBUTION : California and Oregon.
ILLUSTRATION: Mem. Dep, Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: p/ 72.

21. Horkelia parviflora Nutt.; H. & A. Bot.
Beech. Voy. 338. 1838.
Potentilia Andersonit Greene, Pittonia 1: 104. 1887.

Perennial, witha short woody caudex ; stems erect or ascending, densely glandular and
more or less tinged with red, 1-2 dm. high; stipules lanceolate; basal leaves numerous ;
leaflets 5-8 pairs, more or less densely hirsute and glandular, obovate or nearly or-
bicular, coarsely crenate; stem-leaves similar but with cuneate leaflets; cyme subcapitate ;
hypanthium cup-shaped, 2-3 mm. in diameter, hirsute and glandular, often tinged with
purple; bractlets linear or nearly filiform, much shorter than the broadly lanceolate sepals,
which are 2-3 mm. long; petals broadly cuneate, spatulate or obovate, 2-3 mm. long,
emarginate.

TYPE LOCALITY: ‘‘ California’’; but Nuttall’s specimens were collected on the plains of the
Oregon towards the Rocky Mountains.

DISTRIBUTION: Sierra Nevada of California and mountains of adjacent Nevada and Oregon.

ILLUSTRATION: Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: £1. 68.

22. Horkelia pseudocapitata Rydb. ; Howell, Fl. NW.
Am.1: 180. 1898.
Horkelia congesta Newb. Pacif, R. R. Rep. 63: 73. 1857. Not A. congesia Hook. 1829.

Perennial, with a short woody caudex; stem ascending or erect, 3-6 dm. high, more or less
villous and usually not at all glandular, simple or branched above; stipules ovate or ovate-
lanceolate, acute, often’ more or less toothed ; basal leaves 1-2 dm. long, pinnate; leaflets
4-6 pairs, often very densely villous but sometimes only a little hairy, obovate or cuneate,
toothed toward the apex, generally obtuse; stem-leaves similar but with fewer leaflets,
those subtending the subcapitate many-flowered cyme nearly equaling the flowers; hypan-
thium woolly-hirsute, cupulate; bractlets linear, shorter than the lanceolate acute sepals,
which are about 4mm. long; petals broadly cuneate-spatulate, about 5 mm. long and 3
mm. wide, truncate at the apex.

TYPE LOCALITY: Tanesville, California.
DISTRIBUTION : Northern California and western Nevada.
ILLUSTRATION : Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: pl. 69.

23. Horkelia capitata Lindl. Bot. Reg. 23: sub A/. 1997. 1837.
Potentilla capitata Greene, Pittonia 1: 104. 1887.

Perennial ; stem erect, rather simple, 4-6 dm. high, nearly glabrous below, glandular-
hirsute above; stipules broadly lanceolate, 2-3 cm. long, acuminate, more or less toothed ;
basal leaves 2-3 dm. long, pinnate, nearly glabrous; leaflets 5-7 pairs, obovate or oval, 2-3
em. long, deeply incised-toothed ; stem-leaves similar, but the upper with narrower ob-
Janceolate acute leaflets, those subtending the subcapitate cyme simple, broad and
palmately divided into lanceolate, acuminate, glandular-ciliate segments, which about equal
the fowers; hypanthium glandular-hirsute, deeply cup-shaped; bractlets linear, nearly
equaling the triangular-lanceolate acuminate sepals, which are 45 mm. long; petals
broadly cuneate 5-6 mm. long and 4 mm. wide, much exceeding the sepals, truncate at
the apex.

TYPE LocaLity : California.
DISTRIBUTION : Mountains of Oregon and Idaho; California (?).
ILLUSTRATIONS: Gartenflora 1872: p/. 711, f. 4-6; Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: pl. 70.

278 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 22

24, Horkelia fusca Lindl. Bot. Reg. 23: p/. 7997. 1837.
Potentilla Douglasit Greene, Pittonia 1: 103. 1887.

Perennial, with a short woody caudex; stems several, 2-6 dm. high, erect or ascending,
often much branched, more or less glandular, especially upward, often more or less tinged
with brown or purple; stipules ovate to lanceolate, acute, more or less toothed, 1-2 cm.
long ; basal leaves generally numerous, 1-2 dm. long, somewhat glandular-pubescent or
glabrate ; leaflets 5-7 pairs, obovate or cuneate, toothed or incised toward the apex, 0.75-2
cm. long; stem-leaves similar but with fewer leaflets; leaves subtending the subcapitate
cymes small, much shorter than the heads; hypanthium glandular-villous, cupulate, more
or less tinged with brown or purple; bractlets linear, much shorter than the ovate-lanceo-
late sepals; petals broadly cuneate, 3-4 mm. long and 2 mm. wide, truncate at the apex.

TYPE LocALity: California.
DISTRIBUTION: Oregon, California, and Nevada. . :
ILLUSTRATIONS: Lindl. Bot. Reg. 23: f/. 1997; Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: pl. 71.

25. Horkelia tenuisecta Rydberg, sp. nov.
Horkelia tenella Rydb. Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: 136, in part. 1898.

Perennial, with a taproot and short woody caudex; stem 1-3 dm. high, slender, erect
and simple, more or less tinged with red; often nearly glabrous below, densely glandular
above; stipules lanceolate, generally with a few coarse teeth; basal leaves numerous, pin-
nate, hirsute-puberulent and glandular or glabrate; leaflets 5-10 pairs, 0.5-1 cm. long,
cuneate or obovate in outline, divided to below the middle or sometimes almost to the base
into linear or linear-oblong segments; stem-leaves few and similar; those subtending the
subcapitate or sometimes quite open cymes small and simple, incised, shorter than the
flower-clusters; hypanthium cup-shaped, about 4 mm. in diameter, glandular-hirsute;
bractlets linear, much shorter than the lanceolate-triangular sepals, which are about 4 mm.
long; petals cuneate, slightly emarginate, 4 mm. long and 3 mm. wide, truncate at the
apex.

Type collected in Falcon Valley, Washington, in 1882, W..N. Suksdorf 2492.
DISTRIBUTION : Meadows and open woods, California, Oregon, and Washington.

V. Sericatae. Stems slender and ascending; leaves pinnate with very numerous small
imbricate cinereous or hispidulous leaflets resembling those of some species of Jvesia. Inflo-
rescence cymose, open, few-flowered. Hypanthium small, hemispheric; bractlets linear,
shorter than the sepals. Petals obcordate, more or less unguiculate, white.

26. Horkelia sericata S. Wats. Proc. Am. Acad. 20: 364. 1885.
Potentilla sericata Greene, Pittonia 1: 104. 1887.

Perennial, witha short caudex covered with densely hirsute scales; stems several, very
slender, strict and simple, sometimes decumbent at the base, somewhat villous and tinged
with red; stipules lanceolate, about 5 mm. long, mostly entire; basal leaves many, densely
white-silky-villous, pinnate, with 10-18 very crowded pairs of small leaflets, which are
5 mm, long, ovate-oblong and entire, or cleft to the base into 2-3 similar segments; stem-
leaves similar but smaller; cyme few-flowered with elongate branches and very short ped-
icels; hypanthium cupulate, densely silky, 3-4 mm. in diameter; bractlets linear, shorter
than the lanceolate sepals, which are about 3mm. long; petals obcordate, unguiculate,
much exceeding the sepals, white.

TYPE LOCALITY : Summit of Coast Range in Curry County, Oregon.
DISTRIBUTION: Coast Mountains, southern Oregon. -
ILLUSTRATION : Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: p/. 81, f. 6-10.

27. Horkelia hispidula Rydberg, sp. nov.
Perennial, withashort erect caudex covered by the remains of old leaves; stems about
2 dm. high, slender, sparingly hirsute and glandular-puberulent; leaves mostly basal, pin-
nate, with 13-25 rather crowded leaflets, densely hirsute with short hairs; leaflets cuneate-
flabelliform in outline, 4-6 mm. long, divided to near the base into 3-6 spatulate divisions;

Parr 3, 1908] ROSACEAE 279

stipules of the basal leaves linear-lanceolate, those of the stem-leaves lanceolate and more
foliaceous; stem-leaves few, with fewer and narrower leaflets and lobes; inflorescence 3-4-
flowered, with strongly ascending branches; hypanthium hemispheric, about 4 mm. wide,
sparingly pilose and glandular-puberulent; bractlets narrowly linear, 2-3 mm. long; sepals
lanceolate-acuminate, about 4 mm. long; petals obcordate, rather deeply notched, 5 mm.
long; filaments much dilated, lanceolate, unequal.

Type collected under pines among rocks, White Mountains, California, at an altitude of
3300 m., in 1888, W. AY. Shockley 596 (Gray Herbarium).

VI. Tridentatae. Stems slender and ascending; leaves pinnate with 24 pairs of
cuneate leaflets, which are 2-3- (seldom 5-) toothed at the apex or entire. Hypanthium
cupulate or campanulate. Petals oblanceolate or spatulate, unguiculate, white or yellow-
ish. Stamens 10; filaments often linear-lanceolate. Pistils few, 5-15.

28. Horkelia tridentata Torr. Pacif. R. R. Rep. 4: 84. 1857.

Ivesia tridentata A. Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 7: 338. 1868.
Horkelia Tilingi Regel, Acta Hort. Petrop. 1: 153. 1871.
Poltentitla Tilingt Greene, Pittonia 1: 105. 1887.

Perennial, with a deep taproot and short cespitose caudex; stems several, ascending
or decumbent, 2-4 dm. high, silky-villous, simple; stipules very variable, sometimes
ovate and entire, sometimes finely dissected; basal leaves numerous, grayish- or white-
silky, or glabrous on the upper surface, pinnate, with 3-4 pairs of cuneate or obovate
leaflets, which are generally 3-toothed at the apex (rarely 4-5-toothed), and about 1 cm.
in length; stem-leaves smaller, with 1 or 2 pairs of leaflets; cyme often somewhat
branched, with sub-capitate small clusters at the end of the branches or the simple
stem; hypanthium silky-villous, cup-shaped, in fruit 3-4 mm. in diameter; bractlets
linear, a third to a half the length of the broadly ovate sepals, which are 1-2 mm. long;
petals oblanceolate, a little longer than the sepals; filaments all linear-lanceolate; pistils
5-10.

TYPE LOCALITY: Wet ravines, Duffield’s Ranch, Sierra Nevada, California.

DISTRIBUTION: Mountain regions of California ‘and southern Oregon.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Pacif. R. R. Rep. 4: /. 6; Gartenflora 1872: pl. 711, f. 1-3 ; Mem. Dep. Bot.
Columbia Univ. 2: p/. 74.

29. Horkelia integrifolia (Wood) Rydberg, sp. nov.
Horkelia tridentata integrifolia Wood, in herb.

Perennial, with a taproot and short cespitose caudex; stems several, ascending, or
decumbent at the base, 3-4 dm. high, sparingly pubescent with appressed hairs; sti-
pules lanceolate, entire; basal ‘leaves numerous, 3-6 cm. long, silky-canescent on both
sides with appressed pubescence; leaflets 2-3 pairs, elliptic, entire or minutely toothed at
the apex, about 1 cm. long; stem-leaves small, with oblong or lanceolate leaflets ; inflor-
escence as in HY. tridentata; hypanthium sparingly silky-villous, cup-shaped, in fruit 3
mm. wide; bractlets linear, shorter than the lanceolate sepals, which in fruit are about 2
mm. long; petals white, oblanceolate, a little exceeding the sepals; filaments linear-
lanceolate.

Type collected on ‘‘Mt. Hook’ [Mt. Hood 7], in 1866, A. Wood 815 (herb. Columbia Univ.).

30. Horkelia flavescens Rydb. Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia
Univ. 2: 138. 1898.

Tufted plant, with a perennial deep root ; stems several, subscapose or with a few small
leaves, sparingly silky-villous, scarcely more than 1 dm. high; basal leaves numerous,
sparingly silky-villous, pinnate, with 3 or 4 pairs of cuneate or obovate leaflets, which are
about 1 cm. long and 2-3-toothed at the apex; cyme much contracted, dense, subcapitate ;
hypanthium silky-villous, cupulate, more or less tinged with brown; bractlets linear, about
half as long as the ovate-triangular sepals, which are about 3 mm. long; petals spatulate or
obovate, unguiculate, yellowish, at least in thedry state, a little exceeding the sepals; fila-

280 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 22

ments of the antisepalous stamens triangular to lanceolate, those of the antipetalous ones
lanceolate; pistils 8-15.
TYPE LOCALITY: California.

DISTRIBUTION : Sierra Nevada, California.
ILLUSTRATION: Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: Al. 75.

31. Horkelia congesta Hook. Bot. Mag. 56: p/. 2880. 1829.

Sibbaldia congesta Dietr. Syn. Pl. 2: 1020. 1840.
Potentilla congesta Baillon, Hist. Pl. 1: 369. 1867-9.

Perennial, with a short caudex ; stem slender, strict, sparingly ciliate below, glabrous
or finely puberulent above, 3-4dm. high; stipules pectinately dissected, the lower occasion-
ally divided into linear segments as in the next section; basal leaves pinfiate; leaflets 4 or
5 pairs, sparingly appressed-silky and ciliate, light-green, thin and shining, linear-oblong,
1-1.5 cm. long, entire, except at the very apex, where they are deeply 2-3-toothed, the
teeth acute; stem-leaves smaller, with linear leaflets; ‘cyme branched, with few upright
branches terminated by small subcapitate clusters of flowers; hypanthium hemispheric,
tinged with light-brown, sparingly silky-villous, about 5mm. in diameter ; bractlets linear-
filiform, a little shorter than the ovate-acuminate sepals, which are 2-3 mm. long; petals
broadly spatulate or obovate, yellowish, at least in the dry state, exceeding the sepals by
one-half; filaments all lanceolate.

TYPE LOCALITY : Cape Mendocino, California.
DISTRIBUTION: Oregon and northern California.
ILLUSTRATIONS: Hook. Bot. Mag. 56: pl. 2880 ; Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: pl. 76.

VII. Hirsutae. Resembling the preceding group but with more numerous and usually
deeply dissected-leaflets, broader petals, broader filaments, more numerous pistils, and the
lower stipules once or twice pinnately dissected into linear or filiform hairy segments.

32. Horkelia pulchra Rydberg, sp. nov.

Perennial, with a thick root and short woody caudex; stems several, about 2 dm. high,
sparingly silky-hirsute, tinged with red; basal leaves numerous, 4-6 cm. long; leaflets 6-9
pairs, 6-8 mm. long, cuneate, deeply 3-5-cleft at the apex into oblong or lanceolate lobes,
appressed-silky on both sides, somewhat sericeous; stem-leaves smaller, with fewer and
narrower leaflets; stipules pectinately divided into linear segments, those of the basal
leaves into filiform, hairy, curled divisions; cyme dense and subcapitate; hypanthium
cupulate, appressed-silky ; flowers 4 mm. wide; bractlets linear or subulate, 3 mm. long;
sepals ovate-lanceolate, acute, 4 mm. long; petals apparently light-yellow, broadly cuneate,
emarginate, slightly exceeding the sepals; filaments lance-subulate; pistils 5-10.

Type collected on Mount Shasta, in 1887, C. C. Parry (herb. Columbia Univ.).

33. Horkelia hirsuta Lindl. Bot. Reg. 23: sub f/. 1997. 1837.

Horkelia congesta T, & G. Fl. N. Am. 1: 434, 1840. Not H. congesia Hook. 1829.
Horkelia pilosa Nutt.; T. & G. Fl. N. Am. 1: 434, as synonym. 1840.

Perennial, with a short scaly and very hirsute caudex; stems about 3 dm. high, strict
and simple, somewhat striate, hirsute with long spreading hairs, a little glandular above;
stipules pectinately divided into linear segments, those of the basal leaves very finely dis-
sected and very hairy; basal leaves numerous, pinnate, sparingly silky-pubescent, the
rachis long-hirsute; leaflets 5-9 pairs, cuneate or oblong-cuneate, 1-2 cm. long, 3-5-toothed
at the apex, with oblong acute teeth; stem-leaves similar but with nearly linear leaflets ;
cyme very dense and flowers subsessile; hypanthium cupulate, about half as deep as wide,
about 5 mm. in diameter, silky-hirsute; bractlets linear, nearly filiform, a little shorter
than the lanceolate or ovate-triangular sepals, which are about 3 mm. long; petals white,
broadly spatulate or obovate, a little exceeding the sepals.

TYPE LOCALITY: California.
DISTRIBUTION : Oregon and northern California.
ILLUSTRATION : Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: p/. 77.

Parr 3, 1908] ROSACEAE 281

34. Horkelia daucifolia (Greene) Rydb. Bull. Torrey
Club 25: 55. 1898.
FTorkelia congesta Brewer & Wats. Bot. Calif. 1: 181, in part. 1876.
Potentilla daucifolia Greene, Pittonia 1: 160. 1888.
Potentilla congesta lobata Lemmon, Bull, Torrey Club 16: 221. 1889.

Perennial, with a short caudex covered with densely pubescent scales; stem about 3
dm. high, strict and mostly simple, pilose with long fine hairs and glandular throughout;
stipules pectinately divided into linear segments, those of the basal leaves finely twice dis-
sected into nearly filiform, hairy, more or less curled segments; leaves piniate, sparingly
silky-pilose, the rachis with long spreading hairs; leaflets 8-12 pairs, 1-3 cm. long, di-
vided to near the base into linear acute segments; cyme more open than in H. hirsuta ;
pedicels 3-10 mm. long; hypanthium silky-pilose, cupulate, in fruit about 8 mm. in diam-
eter; bractlets linear, nearly subulate, a little shorter than the broadly lanceolate sepals,
which are 5-6mm. long; petals cream-colored, spatulate-oblong, a little exceeding the sepals.

TYPE LOCALITY: Klamath and Shasta Valleys, California.
DISTRIBUTION: Northern California and southern Oregon.
ILLUSTRATION: Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: pi. 78.

35. Horkelia caruifolia Rydb.; Howell, Fl. NW. Am. 1: 181. 1898.

Perennial, with a short scaly caudex; stem slender, strict, simple, silky-pilose and
villous-puberulent, but not at all glandular; stipules pectinately dissected into very nar-
rowly linear segments, those of the basal leaves twice dissected into nearly filiform curled
and hairy segments; leaves pinnate, sparingly silky-pilose, the rachis with divergent
hairs; leaflets 6-10 pairs, 1-2 cm. long, finely dissected into narrowly linear segments ;
cyme rather dense, and pedicels very short; hypanthium silky-villous, cupulate, 5-7 mm.
in diameter; bractlets linear, shorter than the broadly lanceolate-acute sepals, which are
about 5 mm. long; petals broadly cuneate or obcordate, with a distinct claw, a little exceed-
ing the sepals.

TYPE LOCALITY: On high hills, near Ashland, Rogue River Valley, Oregon.
DISTRIBUTION : Type locality and vicinity.
ILLUSTRATION: Men. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: £1. 79.

36. Horkelia laxiflora (Drew) Rydb. Bull. Torrey
Club 25: 55. 1898.
Potentilla laxifiora Drew, Bull. Torrey Club 16: 151, 1889.

Perennial, with a taproot and short woody caudex covered with densely hirsute scales ;
stem rather slender, ascending, simple below, 2-4 dm. high, nearly glabrous; lower stipules
finely divided into filiform, more or less hairy, curled segments, the upper lanceolate, 5-10
mm. long, more or less toothed; basal leaves many, slightly hairy, in age glabrate, pin-
nate; leaflets 10-12 pairs, cuneate-flabelliform, cleft at the apex for about half their
length into 2-5 oblong acute divisions; stem-leaves small and few; cyme open and
branched; branches divergent-ascending ; pedicels 3-10 mm. long; hypanthium finely
puberulent, cupulate, in fruit 3-4 mm. in diameter; bractlets linear, much smaller than
the triangular-lanceolate acuminate sepals; petals white, spatulate, exceeding the sepals;
filaments white, oblong-subulate; pistils few.

TYPE LOCALITY: Hy-Am-Pum Valley, California.
DISTRIBUTION : Northern California and southern Oregon.
ILLUSTRATION: Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: p/. 80.

37. Horkelia Howellii (Greene) Rydb. Bull. Torrey

Club 25: 55. 1898.
Potentilla Howellit Greene, Pittonia 1: 104. 1887.

Perennial, with a taproot and short caudex covered with densely hispid scales (remains
of the lower part of the stipules); stem slender, strict and simple, more or less red, spar-
ingly villous and somewhat glandular, 2-4 dm. high; lower stipules finely twice dissected
into filiform, curved and hairy segments, the upper 5-10 mm. long, ovate, more or less

282 ‘NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 22

dissected into oblong or lanceolate lobes; basal leaves numerous, more or less villous,
especially the rachis, in age glabrate, with 5-20 pairs of small crowded leaflets, these often
divided to the base into two or three oblong or oval, entire or 2-3-cleft segments, 3-10
mm, long; cyme open with divergent branches but with very short pedicels; hypanthium
cupulate, villous and glandular, in fruit 3-4 mm. in diameter; bractlets linear or linear-
lanceolate, smaller than the lanceolate sepals, which are about 3 mm. long; petals white,
broadly spatulate, with somewhat retuse apex, a little exceeding the sepals; pistils few.
TYPE LOCALITY : Near Waldo, Oregon.

DISTRIBUTION : Siskiyou Mountains of California and Oregon.
ILLUSTRATION : Mem. Dept. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: p/. 81, f. 1-5.

15. HORKELIELLA Rydberg, gen. nov.

Horkelia § Horkeliella Rydb. Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: 120, 1898.

Perennial herbs, with scaly rootstock and short erect caudex. Leaves pinnate, with very
numerous, crowded, deeply cleft leaflets. Inflorescence openly cymose, rather few-flow-
ered. Hypanthium deeply campanulate. Bractlets, sepals, and petals 5. Sepals lanceo-
late, in anthesis reflexed. Petals oblanceolate or cuneate, white. Stamens 20, inserted
in the throat of the hypanthium ; filaments dilated, white, subulate or lanceolate. Recep-
tacle conic or hemispheric. Pistils numerous; style long and slender, terminal, slightly
thickened and glandular below.

Type species, Horkelia purpurascens S. Wats.

Stem 3-4 dm. high, glabrous; leaflets 5-8 mm. long. oan 1. A.

Stem 1-2 dm: high, pubescent; leaflets 2-3 mm. long.-+95e* "7
Petals emarginate ; stem pubescent but not glandular. 2. HY. purpurascens..
Petals not emarginate ; stem glandular. 3. H. Congdonis.

pinetorum,

1. Horkeliella pinetorum (Coville) Rydberg.

Potentilla purpurascens pinetorum Coville, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 7: 77. 1892.
Horkelia pinetorum Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 25: 55.° 1898. ;

Perennial, with deep woody root and cespitose caudex ; stem glabrous, about 3 dm. high,
slender and somewhat branched; stipules ovate, entire, about 5 mm. long, basal leaves
numerous, 1-1.5 dm. long, pinnate, with 15-20 pairs of thin glabrous leaflets, which are
5-7 mm. long and divided to near the base into 2-4 broadly oblong segments; stem-leaves
minute; cyme open, with ascending branches; hypanthium deeply cupulate or nearly cam-
panulate, hairy, tinged with brown or purple; bractlets oblong or ovate, erect, about a third
the length of the reflexed lanceolate sepals, which are 4-5 mm, long; petals oblong-spatu-
late to strap-shaped, white, slightly exceeding, the sepals, emarginate.

TYPE LOCALITY: Trout Meadow, Sierra Nevada, Tulare County, California.

DISTRIBUTION : Southern Sierra Nevada, California.
ILLUSTRATION: Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: pi. 8&3.

2. Horkeliella purpurascens (S. Wats.) Rydberg.

Horkelia purpurascens S. Wats. Proc. Am. Acad, 11: 148. 1876.
Potentilla purpurascens Greene, Pittonia 1: 105. 1887.

Perennial, with a deep woody root, and short erect caudex covered with brown scales;
stem strict, 1-2 dm. high, densely but finely hirsute; stipules ovate, entire, 3-4 mm. long;
basal leaves numerous, less than 1 dm. long, densely hirsute, pinnate, with about 20 pairs
of rather thick crowded leaflets, which are only 2-4 mm. long and divided almost to the
base into 2-4 oval segments; cyme narrow with upright branches; hypanthium hirsute,
cupnlate or nearly campanulate ; bractlets linear, about half as long as the lanceolate sepals,
which are 3-4 mm. long; petals oblong to strap-shaped, emarginate, slightly exceeding the
sepals.

TYPE LOCALITY : Headwaters of Kern River, California.
DISTRIBUTION > Known only from the type locality.

pl aeons Rothr. Bot. Wheeler’s Surv. £/, 3A; Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2:

Part? 3, 1908] ROSACEAE 283

3. Horkeliella Congdonis Rydberg.
Horkelia Congdonis Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 26: 543, 1899.

Perennial, with a woody caudex; stems erect, 3-4 dm. high, few-leaved, somewhat
branched above, glandular-puberulent; basal leaves 1-1.5 dm. long, with 30-40 pairs of
leaflets ; stem-leaves similar but smaller ; upper stipules deeply cleft ; leaflets 3-5 mm. long,
cleft to the base into 4-5 oblong divisions, obtuse, glandular-puberulent ; cyme with a few
ascending branches and short-pedicelled flowers; hypanthium campanulate, 7-8 mm. in
diameter in fruit, glandular-puberulent; bractlets lanceolate, one-half or two-thirds the
length of the lanceolate acuminate sepals; petals almost equaling the sepals,’ oblong,
obtuse ; filaments slightly dilated, subulate; pistils numerous.

TYPE LOCALITY : Casa Diabolo, California.
DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality.

16. IVESIA T. &. G. in Newb. Pacif. R. R. Rep. 6°: 72. 1857.

Perennial, with thick erect rootstocks, and short, often woody caudices. Leaves mostly
basal and numerous, pinnately divided, usually into numerous, small, more or less crowded
and imbricate leaflets. Inflorescence cymose, open or dense. Hypanthium from deeply
campanulate or turbinate to saucer-shaped. Bractlets, sepals, and petals 5. Petals usually
oblanceolate and more or less clawed but sometimes nearly orbicular and practically claw-
less, white or yellow. Stamens 5-20, inserted in the throat of the hypanthium and there-~
fore separated from the receptacle by an open space; filaments filiform, except in /. argy-
yvocoma, in which they are subulate and slightly dilated. Receptacle from hemispheric to
flat, usually poorly developed and bearing 3-15 pistils surrounded by a ring of prominent
bristles. Styles long and slender, terminal or nearly so, sometimes slightly thickened and
glandular below. Ovules and seeds pendulous and anatropous.

Type species, Horkelia Gordonii Hook.

Leaflets numerous, more or less crowded, often imbricate, generally divided to near the base.
Stem leafy (less so in /. campestris and J. callida) ; stamens 15-20.

Cyme corymbiform or subcapitate ; petals obovate with long claws. I, UNGUICULATAE.
Cyme generally open with lax branches; petals with very short claws
if any, white. II. EREMICAE.
Stems few-leaved or scapiform ; stamens 5-10. III. LyYCOPpoDIoIpDES.
Leaflets comparatively few, broadly obovate to reniform-flabelliform, merely
coarsely toothed or incised. IV. SETOSAE.

I. UNGUICULATAE.
Whole plant silvery-white ; leaf-segments oblong ; stamens 20.

Filaments somewhat dilated ; flowers in small subcapitate clusters. 1. Z. argyrocoma.
Filaments not dilated ; cyme corymbose.
Petals white. 2. I. sericoleuca.
Petals yellow. 3. L. Pickeringti.

Plant somewhat silky, but not silvery-white. .
Petals white ; leaflets 5-10 mm. long ; stamens normally 15. 4. Lo unguiculata,
Petals yellow ; leaflets less than 5mm. long; stamens 20. .

Stems decumbent; petals spatulate. 5. Z, campesiris.
Stems erect or ascending ; petals flabelliform-spatulate. 6. £. mollis.
Il. EREMICAE,

Petals orbicular or broadly obovate ; plant 2-4 dm. high. ; ;
Leaflets generally simple, 2-ranked, more or less appressed-hirsute. 7. [, evemua.
Leaflets generally divided, perfectly glabrous. 8. I, Kingit.

Petals elliptic ; plant less than 1 dm. high. 9. I. callida,

III. LYCcOPODIOIDES.
Leaflets not bristle-tipped. : ;
Leaves densely white-silky, appearing worm-like from the very small
numerous imbricate leaflets. _
Plant 2-4 cm. high; bractlets ovate ; petals cuneate. 10. LZ. Muirti, —
Plant 7-16 cm. high; bractlets linear ; petals linear. ll. L. Chandleri.
eaves green. .
. eaves slightly silky ; leaflets 8-10 pairs, 1-2 cm. long. 12, I. Webberi.

Leaves glandular-pubescent or glabrate ; leaflets numerous.
Cyme corymbiform ; hypanthium cupulate.
Bractlets linear ; petals spatulate. ;
Stems decumbent ; segments of the leaves oblong to spatulate, 13. 7, ulahensis.
Stems erect ; segments of the leaves linear. 14. L. Tweedyi.

284 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 22

Bractlets oblong or lanceolate.
Leaves pubescent.
Petals broadly obovate ; leaflets about 2 mm. long; sepals

acute. 15. 7. scandularis.
Petals spatulate ; leaflets about 5 mm. long; sepals acumi-
nate. 16. LZ. mutabilis.
Leaves glabrous ; petals oblanceolate. 17. L. lycopodioides.
Cymes subcapitate.
Hypanthium campanulate; petals spatulate, shorter than the
sepals. 18. LZ. Gordoniz.
Hypanthium cupulate; petals obovate, much exceeding the
sepals. 19. L. megalopetala.

Leaflets mostly bHetiespoiated.
Stamens 5; plant less than 1 dm. high.

Cymes subcapitate ; hypanthium about 4 mm. in diameter. 20. J. pygmaea.
Cymes corymbiform ; hypanthium about 3 mm. in diameter. 21. I. Shockleyz.
Stamens 10; plant 1-1. 5 din. high. 22. L. chaetophora.

IV. SETOSAE.

Leaflets obovate or orbicular, with rounded teeth, usually without terminal
bristles. 23. L. Baileyi.
Leaflets cuneate, cleft, with oblong, usually bristle-pointed teeth. 24. I. setosa.

I. Unguiculatae. Stems rather many from the caudex, rather leafy and many-flowered.
Flowers in more or less contracted corymbiform or subcapitate cymes. Hypanthium tur-
binate or campanulate. Petals obovate, with evident claws. Stamens 15-20, in J. argyro-
coma with slightly dilated filaments. Plant more or less silky hairy, not glandular, and
with numerous leaflets.

1. Ivesia argyrocoma Rydberg.
Horkelia argyrocoma Rydb. Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: 144. 1898.

Perennial, with a thick and deep root, crowned by a short caudex covered by brown
‘hairy scales; stems decumbent or ascending, slender, tinged with brown, silky-villous, the
lower part, as well as the petioles, covered with long silvery spreading or reflexed hairs
in a most beautiful manner ; stipules ovate-lanceolate, often toothed, about 5 mm. long;
basal leaves numerous, 4-7 cm. long, densely white-silvery silky, of very numerous densely
imbricate leaflets; cymes dense, subcapitate; hypanthium cupulate, silky, in fruit 3 mm.
in diameter; bractlets oblong, shorter than the ovate sepals, which are about 3 mm. long;
petals white, spatulate, a third exceeding the sepals; stamens 20; filaments subulate.

TYPE LOCALITY : California.
DISTRIBUTION : Mountains of southern California,
ILLUSTRATION : Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: pl. 84.

2. Ivesia sericoleuca Rydberg.

fvesia unguiculaia Brewer & Wats. Bot. Calif. 1: 183, mainly, as to description and Lemmon’s
specimens. 1876. Not J. unguiculata A. Gray, 1868,

Potentitla unguiculata Greene, Fl, Fran. 1: 68, mainly. 1891.

Horkelia sericoleuca Rydb. Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: 144. 1898,

Perennial, with a very thick root, crowned with a short caudex covered with brownish,
densely yellowish-hairy scales; stems several, 3-4 dm. high, erect or ascending, branched,
silky-villous and rather leafy ; stipules lanceolate, 1-2 dm. long, often pectinately cleft; basal
leaves numerous, 1-2 dm. long, densely white-silky, pinnate ; leaflets numerous, generally
over 30, crowded and more or less imbricate; petioles and lower part of the stem silky-
villous with long and reflexed hairs; leaflets 5~10 mm. long, divided to the base into oblong
segments; cyme much branched, many-flowered, at first rather dense, in age open, more
or less flat-topped; hypanthium cup-shaped or campanulate, 3-5 mm. in diameter ; bract-
lets oblong or lanceolate, about a third shorter than the lanceolate-acuminate sepals,
which are 4 mm. long; petals white, broadly obovate, clawed, exceeding the sepals,
truncate or slightly emarginate; stamens 20; filaments filiform.

TYPE LocaLity : California.
DISTRIBUTION : Sierra Nevada, California.
ILLUSTRATION : Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: Bl. 85.

3. Ivesia Pickeringii A. Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 6: 531. 1865.

Potentilla Pickeringti Greene, Pittonia 1: 105. 1887.
Horkelia Pickeringit Rydb. Mem, Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: 145. 1898.

Parr 3, 1908] ROSACEAE 285

Perennial, with a deep and thick root, crowned by a short erect caudex covered with
brown-hairy scales; stems erect or ascending, 2-4 dm. high, finely villous, more or less
leafy, dichotomously branched; stipules lanceolate; leaves numerous, grayish or white,
silky-villous, pinnate with very numerous, crowded and somewhat imbricate leaflets, these
generally less than 5 mm. long, 2-4-cleft to the base into oblong-oval segments; cyme at
first dense, in age open, dichotomously branched, but with nearly sessile flowers; hypan-
thium cup-shaped or turbinate, villous, in age 4 mm. in diameter; bractlets linear-lanceo-
late, about a third shorter than the broadly lanceolate acuminate sepais, which are 3-4 mm.
long; petals yellow, spatulate, a little exceeding the sepals, rounded at the apex; stamens
20; filaments filiform.

TYPE LOCALITY: Probably at Sacramento, California.
DISTRIBUTION : Central California.
ILLUSTRATIONS: Bot. U.S. Expl. Exp. p/. 4; Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: f/. 86.

4, Ivesia unguiculata A. Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 7: 339. 1868.
Potenitilla unguiculata Greene, Pittonial: 105. 1887.
Potentilla ciliata Greene, Pittonia 1: 103. 1887.
Horkelia unguiculata Rydb. Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: 146. 1898.

Perennial, with a deep and thick root, crowned with a short, erect scaly caudex; stems
several, more or less brown, sparingly silky-villous, simple, ascending or decumbent, 3-4
dm. high; stipules pectinately divided, rather large; basal leaves numerous, somewhat
grayish but not densely silky with long hairs, pinnate, with numerous crowded pairs of
leaflets, these 5-7.5 mm. long, divided to the base into linear-oblong or linear acute seg-
ments; cyme dense, subcapitate; hypanthium cupulate, slightly silky, 4 mm. in diameter ;
bractlets lanceolate, slightly shorter than the broadly lanceolate sepals, which are 2-3 mm.
long; petals white, broadly spatulate or obovate, exceeding the sepals; stamens 10-15;
filaments filiform.

TYPE LOCALITY : Westfall’s Meadow, Yosemite Valley, California.
DISTRIBUTION : Southern Sierra Nevada, California.
ILLUSTRATION: Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: i. 87.

5. Ivesia campestris (M. E. Jones) Rydberg.
Potentilla utahensis campestris M. E. Jones, Proc. Calif. Acad. IT. 5: 679. 1895.
Ivesia utahensis campestris M. E. Jones, Proc. Calif. Acad. II. 5: 679. 1895.
Horkelia campestris Rydb. Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: 147, 1898.

Perennial, with a rather slender root; stems several, decumbent or prostrate, more or
less tinged with red, somewhat silky-villous, less than 2 dm. long; stipules lanceolate ; basal
leaves numerous, less than 5 cm. long, pinnate, with many rather approximate leaflets,
more or less silky-hirsute ; leaflets about 5 mm, long, divided to the base into linear-oblong
segments; stem-leaves few and smaller; cyme branched, the branches with subcapitate
clusters; hypanthium cupulate or saucer-shaped, nearly glabrous; bractlets linear, much
smaller than the lanceolate-triangular sepals, which are 2 mm. long; petals yellow, spatu-
late, a little exceeding the sepals; stamens 20; filaments filiform, rather short.

TYPE LOCALITY: Whitney Meadows, Sierra Nevada Mountains, California.
DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality.
ILLUSTRATION : Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: p/. 88, f. 1-4.

6. Ivesia mollis (Eastw.) Rydberg.
Horkelia mollis Eastw. Bot. Gaz. 41: 286. 1906.

Perennial, with a thick scaly caudex; stems several, ascending, red-purple, villous
with fine silky hairs, about 2 dm. high; basal leaves 6-10 cm. long; leaflets crowded,
deeply divided into linear-spatulate divisions, 3-4 mm. long, finely villous; stipules
adnate, the free portion filiform-attenuate, 4 mm. long; cauline leaves similar but
reduced ; stipules incised; flowers in a corymbiform or capitate cyme; hypanthium cam-
panulate, 5 mm. long; bractlets linear, about as long as the subulate-lanceolate sepals ;
petals yellow, clawed; blades broadly spatulate, 1 mm. wide; stamens 15; pistils 5-20 ;
style slightly thickened at the base.

Type LOCALITY : Hockett’s Meadows, Tulare County, California.
DISTRIBUTION: Type locality and vicinity.

286 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 22

II. Eremicae. Stems many from the caudex, decumbent or ascending, leafy. Flower-
clusters open, with lax branches. Hypanthium hemispheric. Petals broadly obovate or
nearly orbicular to oblong, white, almost destitute of claw. Stamens 20. Plants glabrous,
or slightly appressed-hirsute, with numerous leaflets.

7. Ivesia eremica (Coville) Rydberg.

Potentilla eremica Coville, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 7: 76. 1892.
Potentilla Kingii incerta M. E. Jones, Zoe 4: 277. 1893,
Horkelia eremica Rydb. Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: 147. 1898.

Perennial, with a deep, thick, woody root, crowned by a cespitose caudex ; stems several,
decumbent or ascending, finely grayish-puberulent or glabrate, 2-4 dm. high, simple,
somewhat leafy; stipules ovate, 5 cm. long or less, entire; basal leaves very numerous,
grayish hirsute-ciliolate or glabrate, nearly terete and worm-like, with densely crowded
ovate leaflets 2-3 mm. long, which, however, are evidently two-ranked ; stem-leaves sim-
ilar ; cyme narrow, with erect branches, the pedicels 5-15 mm. long; hypanthium puberu-
lent or glabrate, saucer-shaped, 3 mm. broad; bractlets ovate or oblong, about a third the
length of the lanceolate sepals, which are 3mm. long; petals white, obovate, exceeding the
sepals by one half, rounded at the apex; stamens 20; filaments filiform.

TYPE LOCALITY: Watkins’ Ranch, Ash Meadow, Nye County, Nevada.
DISTRIBUTION : Desert regions of Nevada. :
ILLUSTRATIONS: Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb, 4: f/.7; Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: p1. 89,

8. Ivesia Kingii S. Wats. Bot. King’s Expl. 91. 1871.

Potentilla Kingti Greene, Pittonia 1: 105. 1887.
Horkelia Kingit Rydb. Mem, Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: 148. 1898.
lvesia pallida Greene ; Rydb. Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: 148, asa synonym. 1898,

Perennial, with a thick, deep and woody root, crowned with a very short erect caudex ;
stems several, leafy, glabrous, prostrate, 2-4 dm. long; stipules ovate, 5-8 mm. long,
entire; basal leaves numerous, glabrous and shining, about 5 cm. long, pinnate, with 20-
25 pairs of crowded leaflets, glabrous ; leaflets 3-5 mm. long, divided to the base into 24
ovate or oblong segments; cyme narrow, with slender pedicels 5-10 mm. long; hypan-
thium saucer-shaped, in fruit 3-4 mm. in diameter; bractlets ovate or lanceolate, about
half as long as the broadly lanceolate sepals, which are 2 mm. long; petals white, obovate
or broadly spatulate, much exceeding the sepals ; stamens 20; filaments filiform.

TYPE LOCALITY : Monitor Valley, Nevada.
DISTRIBUTION : Desert regions of Nevada and western Utah.
ILLUSTRATION : Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: p/. 90, f. 1-5.

9, Ivesia callida (Hall) Rydberg.
Potentilla callida Hall, Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 1: 86. 1902.

Perennial, with a thick woody root ; stems several, slender, erect or ascending, 5 cm.
or less high, villous throughout with long hairs and also bearing some glandular hairs
above; stipules ovate, entire or toothed; leaves villous, pinnate; the lower 12-20 mm.
long with about 7 pairs of crowded leaflets; the upper much shorter, bract-like, with 1-5
pairs of leaflets ; leaflets 2 mm. long, divided to the base into 2 or 3 oval segments; flowers
sometimes solitary or 3-6 in a simple inflorescence ; hypanthium saucer-shaped, 3-5 mm.
wide; bractlets narrow, half as long as the narrowly ovate, acute sepals; petals white,
oblong, obtuse or acute at the apex, narrowed but not clawed at the base, about 3 mm. long,
a little exceeding the sepals ; stamens 20; filaments filiform ; pistils several.

TYPE LOCALITY: Cracks of rocks, Taheuits Peak, San Jacinto Mountains, California.
DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality.

III. Lycopodioides. Low and cespitose plants, with very thick caudices and short, few-
leaved and subscapiform stems. Hypanthium hemispheric or saucer-shaped, in 7. Gordonii
campanulate. Petals generally cuneate or oblnaceolate, mostly clawed. Stamens 5 or 10.
Plants silky, glandular or glabrate. Leaflets, except in 7. Webberi, very numerous, very
small and closely imbricate.

Part 3, 1908] ROSACEAE 287

10. Ivesia Muirii A. Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 8: 627. 1873.
Potentilla Muirti Greene, Pittonia 1: 106. 1887.
Horkelia Muirii Rydb. Mem, Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: 148. 1898,

Perennial, from a deep, rather thick root, crowned by an erect caudex 1-4 cm. high,
which is covered with the remains of old leaves; stem 2-4 cm. high, scapose, few-
flowered, filiform, silky-villous; basal leaves numerous, 2-3 cm. long, densely white-
silky, terete and worm-like from the very numerous minute, densely imbricate leaflets ;
cyme few-flowered, subcapitate ; hypanthium cupulate, 3 mm. in diameter, silky-villous;
bractlets ovate, minute, less than one fourth as long as the ovate sepals; petals cuneate,
shorter than the sepals ; stamens (5; filaments filiform.

TYPE LOCALITY: Mount Hoffman, California.
DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality.
ILLUSTRATION : Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: pl. 90. f. 6-10.

11. Ivesia Chandleri Rydberg.
Horkelia Chandleri Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 28: 177. 1901.

A low silky perennial, with very thick and woody root, and short cespitose caudex, with
erect branches densely covered by the remains of old leaves; stems scapiform, slender,
silky-villous, 7-16 cm. high; basal leaves numerous, 4-5 cm. long, densely silky, terete,
worm-like from the numerous small crowded segments; flowers about 4 mm. in diameter,
rather numerous, in subcapitate dense clusters; hypanthium cup-shaped, as well as the calyx
densely villous; bractlets linear, about two-thirds as long as the triangular-ovate sepals,
which are about 2 mm. long; petals yellow, linear, 1.5 mm. long, shorter than the sepals;
stamens mostly 5; filaments subulate-filiform.

TYPE LOCALITY: Mt. Goddard, California.
DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality.

12. Ivesia Webberi A. Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 10: 71. 1874.
Potentilla Webberi Greene, Pittonia 1: 105. 1887.
Horketia Webberi Rydb. Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: 149. 1898.

Perennial, with a deep root, crowned with an erect, short, scaly caudex; stems several,
slender, short, less than 1 dm. long, nearly scapose, more or less tinged with brown, glabrate;
basal leaves 3-4 dm. long, many, pinnate, with 8-10 crowded pairs of leaflets, grayish-silky,
but not densely so; leaflets about 1 cm. long, divided to the base into linear or lanceolate
acute segments; petioles with long fine silky hairs; cyme subcapitate; hypanthium cupulate,
tinged with brown, slightly silky, 4 mm. in diameter; bractlets linear or linear-lanceolate,
shorter than the ovate or ovate-lanceolate sepals, which are about 4 mm. long; petals
oblanceolate, yellow, scarcely equaling the sepals; stamens 5; filaments filiform.

TYPE LOCALITY: Sierra Valley, California. .
DisTRIBUTION: Northern Sierra Nevada of California and Nevada.
ILLUSTRATION: Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: p/. 88, f. 5-9.

13. Ivesia utahensis S. Wats. Proc. Am. Acad. 17: 371. 1882.

Potentilla utahensis Greene, Pittonia 1: 162. 1888. ,
Horkelia utahensis Rydb. Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: 150. 1898.

Perennial, with a woody but not very thick root, crowned by a cespitose caudex cov-
ered with the remains of old leaves; stems several, about 1 dm. high, simple and few-
leaved, glabrous below, glandular above; stipules broadly ovate, entire; basal leaves
numerous, 5-8 cm. long, glabrous, pinnate, with 15-20 pairs of crowded leaflets, these 2-4
mm. long, cleft to the base into 3-5, broadly oblong to spatulate, one-nerved segments ;
stem-leaves few and very small; cyme rather dense and somewhat flat-topped ; hypanthium
somewhat glandular-puberulent, cup-shaped, veiny, 3 mm. in diameter ; bractlets linear, a
third shorter than the ovate or lanceolate-ovate sepals, which are 2-2.5 mm. long; petals
yellowish, spatulate, scarcely exceeding the sepals ; stamens 5; filaments filiform.

TyPE LOCALITY : Bald Mountain, Wahsatch Range, above Alta, Utah.
DISTRIBUTION : Mountains of Utah. : .
ILLUSTRATION: Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: p/. 91, f. 4.

288 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 22

14, Ivesia Tweedyi Rydberg, sp. nov.

Perennial, with a thick root and a short caudex: stems several, erect, 1.5-2 dm. high,
glandular-puberulent ; basal leaves 8-10 cm. long, pinnate, with 10-12 pairs of crowded leat-
lets, glandular-puberulent ; leaflets 5-8 mm. long’, dissected to near the base into narrow
divisions; stem-leaves few and reduced; inflorescence cymose with strongly ascending
branches ; hypanthium cupulate, in fruit 3 mm. wide, glandular puberulent and slightly
silky-pilose ; bractlets narrowly linear, about 1.5 mm. long; sepals triangular-lanceolate,
about 2.5 mm. long; petals yellow, spatulate, slightly exceeding the sepals; stamens 5;
filaments filiform.

Type collected in the Yakima Region, Washington, in August, 1883, 7. Tweedy (herb,
Columbia Univ.). .
DISTRIBUTION : Eastern slope of the Cascades, Washington.

15. Ivesia scandularis Rydberg.

Horkelia scandularis Rydb. Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: 150. 1898.
Ivesia pygmaea S. Wats.; Rydb. Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: 150,asasynonym. 1898.
Cespitose perennial, with a thick woody root; stems several, less than 1 dm. high, de-
cumbent, slightly glandular-puberulent, nearly leafless; basal leaves numerous, 2-5 dm.
long, pinnate with numerous crowded and somewhat imbricate leaflets, glandular-puberu-
lent, light green, often yellowish; leaflets about 2 mm. long, divide to the base into thick
oblong segments; cyme corymbiform; hypanthium cupulate or almost saucer-shaped, in
fruit 4 mm. in diameter; bractlets oblong, about half the length of the ovate sepals;
petals obovate, a little exceeding the sepals; stamens 5, nearly equaling the sepals;
pistils 5-10. -
TYPE LOCALITY: White Mountains, California.

DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality.
ILLUSTRATION: Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: fl. 91, f. 5-9.

16. Ivesia mutabilis (Brand.) Rydberg.
Horkelia mutabilis Brand. Bot. Gaz. 27: 446. 1899.

Perennial, with a very thick woody root and short caudex; stems several, 3 dm. high,
erect, branched above, somewhat villous or nearly glabrous; stipules ovate-lanceolate ;
basal leaves numerous, 12-20 cm. long, pinnate with numerous leaflets, villous with short
hairs and somewhat glandular; leaflets sessile, more or less imbricate, 2-5 mm. long,
usually divided to near the base into obovate-oblong divisions; cyme much branched,
open; hypanthium 4 mm. broad, glandular-puberulent and sparingly hirsute; bractlets
lanceolate, half as long as the broadly lanceolate sepals, which are 4-5 mm. long; petals
yellow, shorter than the sepals, oblanceolate; stamens 5; filaments filiform, 2 mm. long;
pistils 2-7.

TYPE LOCALITY: Charleton Mountains, Nevada.
DISTRIBUTION: Mountains of Nevada and Utah.

17. Ivesia lycopodioides A. Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 6: 530. 1865.
Ivesia Gordonii lycopodioides S. Wats. Bot. Calif. 1: 183. 1876. :
Potentilla Gordonii lycopodioidesYGreene, Pittonia 1: 106. 1887) Jeps. teal PG IBE,
Horkelia lycopodioides Rydb. Meth. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: 151. 1898.

Densely cespitose perennial, with a deep woody root; stem scapose, glabrous, less than
5 cm. high; basal leaves very numerous and crowded, about 3 cm. long, glabrous,
with numerous minute crowded and more or less imbricate leaflets, these only 1-2 mm.
long, 3-cleft into oval thick segments; cyme few-flowered and corymbose; hypanthium
cupulate or saucer-shaped, about 3 mm. in diameter, glabrous or slightly puberulent;
bractlets oblong, about two-thirds as long as the ovate sepals, which are 2 mm. long; petals
yellow, oblong-oblanceolate, about equaling the sepals; stamens 5, with slender but short
filaments; pistils 6-12.

TYPE LOCALITY: Mount Dana, Sierra Nevada, California.
DISTRIBUTION : Sierra Nevada.
ILLUSTRATION: Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: pl. 92, f. 1-6.

Part? 3, 1908] ROSACEAE 289

18. Ivesia Gordonii (Hook.) T. & G. in Newb. Pacif. R. R.

Rep. 6°: 72. 1857.
Horkelia Gordonti Hook. Jour. Bot. & Kew Misc. 5: 341. 1853.
Potentilla Gordonii Greene, Pittonia 1: 106. 1887.
fvesia alpicola Howell, Fl. NW, Am. 1: 182. 1898.
Horkelia Gordonii alpicola Rydb. Mem, Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ, 2: 152. 1898.

Perennial, with a thick and deep root, and short, woody, cespitose caudex, covered
with the remains of old leaves; stem subscapose, minutely glandular-puberulent or gla-
brous, 1-2 dm. high, seldom 3 dm.; basal leaves numerous, finely puberulent or glabrate,
pinnate ; leaflets 10-20 rather approximate pairs, 5-12 mm. long, divided into 3-5 segments
or again divided ; segments broadly oblong to linear; stem-leaves, if any, very small; cyme
capitate ; hypanthium campanulate, 3-4 mm. in diameter, villous-puberulent and somewhat
glandular, yellowish; bractlets linear, about half the length of the ovate sepals, which
are about 5 mm. long; petals yellow, spatulate or oblanceolate, shorter than the sepals;
stamens 3; pistils generally 1-3, sometimes more.

TYPE LOCALITY: Upper Platte River.

DISTRIBUTION : Mountains from Washington to California, Colorado, and Montana.

f ry : Jour. Bot. & Kew Misc. 5: pf. 12; Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: p/. 92,
19. Ivesia megalopetala Rydberg.
Horkelia Gordonii megalopetala Rydb. Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: 152. 1898.

Perennial, with a thick taproot and a short cespitose almost pulvinate caudex ; stem scapi-
form, usually less than 1 dm. high ; basal leaves numerous, 3-5 cm. long, glandular-puberu-
lent, pinnate with numerous small crowded leaflets; leaflets 2-4 mm. long, cleft to near
the base into spatulate divisions; stem-leaves very small or none; cyme subcapitate;
hypanthium glandular-puberulent, cupulate, 3-4 mm. wide; bractlets oblong, half as long
as the triangular-lanceolate sepals, which are about 2 mm. long; petals obovate, longer
than the sepals; stamens 5; filaments filiform.

TYPE LOCALITY: Mount Dana, California.
DISTRIBUTION: Sierra Nevada and Mt. Eddy, California.

20. Ivesia pygmaea A. Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 6: 531. 1865.

Ivesia Gordonii pygmaea S. Wats. Bot. Calif. 1: 183. 1876.
Potentilla decipiens Greene, Pittonia 1: 106, as to synonyms. 1887. Not P. decipiens Jordan.
Horkelia pygmaea Rydb. Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: 152. 1898.

Perennial, with a deep perennial root and closely cespitose caudex, densely covered
with remains of old leaves; stem scapose, 4-7 cm. long, finely glandular-puberulent and
sometimes with a few longer hairs; basal leaves very numerous, 2-5 cm. long, finely
glandular-puberulent with numerous, minute, very densely crowded and imbricate leaf-
lets, which are 1-2 mm. long, divided to the base into oblong or oval thick segments
tipped with bristles; cyme subcapitate, or in age somewhat corymbose; hypanthium about
4 mm. in diameter, saucer-shaped, glandular-hirsute with a rather conspicuous disk ; bract-
lets oblong, about two-thirds as long as the broadly ovate sepals ; petals obovate, a little
exceeding the sepals; stamens 5-10.

TYPE LOCALITY : Sierra Nevada, California.
DISTRIBUTION: Sierra Nevada of California and Nevada.
ILLUSTRATION: Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: pl. 93, f. 1-7.

21. Ivesia Shockleyi S. Wats. Proc. Am. Acad.
23: 263. 1888.

Potentilla decipiens Greene, Pittonia 1: 106, excluding synonyms. 1887, Not P. decipiens Jordan.
Potentilla nubigena Greene, Erythea3: 36. 1895. _ . :
Horkelia Shockleyi Rydb. Mem. Dep. Bot, Columbia Univ. 2: 153. 1898.

Perennial, with a deep woody root, and densely cespitose caudex, covered with the
remains of old leaves; stem subscapose, densely glandular, 2-5 cm. high; basal leaves
very numerous, 2-4 cm. long, densely glandular, pinnate, with about a dozen pairs of

290 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 22

minute leaflets, which are 2-3 mm. long, crowded, cleft to the base into several obovate
thick segments mostly tipped with bristles; inflorescence open, strictly cymose and with
diverging branches; hypanthium about 3 mm. in diameter, saucer-shaped, densely glandu-
lar and in age decidedly 5-angled with a prominent disk; bractlets ovate, about half the
length of the broadly ovate sepals; petals spatulate, white (?), about equaling the sepals;
stamens 5.

TYPE LOCALITY : Summit of Silver Peak, Alpine County, California.
DISTRIBUTION : Sierra Nevada, California.
ILLUSTRATION : Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: pl. 97, f. 8-4.

22. Ivesia chaetophora Rydberg.

Horkelia chaetophora Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 26: 543. 1899.

Perennial, with astrong root, and a stout caudex, covered with the remains of leaf-stalks
and stipules from former years; stems several, 1-1.5 dm. high, almost scapose, finely puberu-
lent; basal leaves numerous, about 1 dm. long, with 15-20 pairs of leaflets; their stipules
broad, brown, obtuse, bristly ciliate; leaflets 3-5 mm. long, divided to near the base into
linear-oblong segments, densely puberulent and tipped with bristles; cyme rather many-
flowered and open; hypanthium 5-7 mm. in diameter, puberulent and hirsute; bractlets
linear-oblong, one-third shorter than the broadly lanceolate-acute sepals; petals yellow,
oblong, about equaling the sepals; stamens 10; filaments filiform; pistils about 20.

TYPE LOCALITY: Farwell Gap, Tulare County, California.
DISTRIBUTION: Southern Sierra Nevada.

IV. Setosae. Stems several from the caudex, rather leafy, with open rather few-
flowered cymes. MHypanthium saucer-shaped. Petals obovate or oblanceolate, clawed.
Stamens 5-30. Leaves with comparatively few leaflets, which are broadly obovate to
reniform-flabelliform, coarsely toothed or incised.

23. Ivesia Baileyi S. Wats. Bot. King’s Expl. 90. 1871.

Potentilia Baileyi Greene, Pittonia 1: 105. 1887.
Hlorkelia Batleyi Rydb. Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: 154. 1898.

Perennial, with a taproot and cespitose caudex ; stems several, decumbent or ascending,
1-3 dm. long, finely pubescent or glabrate, somewhat leafy; stipules obovate, entire, about
5 mm. long; basal leaves many, 1-2 dm. long, pinnate; leaflets 4-6 rather distant pairs,
finely pubescent or glabrate, 5-10 mm. long, thin, obovate or orbicular, generally oblique,
deeply incised into rounded-obovate segments; stem-leaves smaller, with 2-3 pairs of leaflets ;
inflorescence rather open and truly cymose, with slender pedicels; hypanthium 4-5 mm.
broad, slightly glandular-villous, saucer-shaped, in fruit evidently 5-angled with a disk;
bractlets linear-oblong, one-third to two-thirds the length of the broadly ovate sepals, which
are 2mm. long; petals yellow, spatulate, shorter than the sepals; stamens 5, with short fila-
ments, which incline toward the 4 to 8 pistils. ~

TYPE LOCALITY: Wright’s Cafion, West Humboldt Mountains, Nevada.

DisTRIBUTION : Interior of Oregon and Nevada.
ILLUSTRATION : Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: pl. 94, f. 1-46.

24. Ivesia setosa (S. Wats.) Rydberg.

lvesia Batleyi setosa S, Wats. Bot. King’s Expl. 91. 1871.
Horkelia Baileyt setosa Rydb. Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: 154. 1898.

Perennial, with a-thick taproot and short cespitose caudex; stems several, ascending,
erect or decumbent at the base, 1-1.5 dm. high, glandular-puberulent, few-leaved ; stipules
of the basal leaves subulate, of the stem-leaves ovate, more or less toothed; basal leaves
numerous, 1-1.5 em. long, pinnate, with 7-10 pairs of leaflets, which are cuneate or flabelli-
form, 5-8 mm. long, rather thick, glandular-puberulent, divided to near the base into ob-
long or oblanceolate divisions, usually terminated by bristles; stem-leaves similar but with

Part 3, 1908] ROSACEAB 291

fewer leaflets; inflorescence rather open, cymose, usually with recurved pedicels in fruit ;
hypanthium 34 mm. broad, glandular-puberulent, saucer-shaped, in fruit 5-angled ; bract-
lets linear to elliptic, about two-thirds as long as the triangular-ovate sepals, which are about
3 mm. long; petals spatulate, about equaling the sepals; statnens 5, with short filaments,
inclined towards the few pistils. ~

TYPE LOCALITY : Fremont’s Pass, East Humboldt Mountains, Nevada.
DISTRIBUTION : Nevada.
ILLUSTRATION: Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: pl. 94, f. 7.

17. PURPUSIA Brand. Bot. Gaz. 27: 446. 1899.

Cespitose glandular perennials, with thick roots and short caudices. Leaves odd-pin-
nate, mostly basal. Inflorescence racemosely or corymbosely cymose. Hypanthium deeply
campanulate. Bractlets none. Sepals 5, valvate. Petals 5, white, oblanceolate, acuminate.
Stamens 5, opposite the sepals, inserted at the mouth of the hypanthium ; filaments filiform ;
anthers didymous. Pistils 6-7, on a stalked receptacle; styles nearly terminal, filiform,
articulate at the base. Embryo curved ; radicle superior. ,

Type species, Purpusia saxosa Brand.

1. Purpusia saxosa Brand. Bot. Gaz. 27: 447. 1899,

Stems 1-1.5 dm. high, hirsute and viscid ; basal leaves numerous, odd-pinnate; leaflets
2-3 pairs, broadly obovate, cuneate or suborbicular, 1-1.5 cm. long, more or less deeply
cleft into 5-10 rounded or oblong teeth, densely glandular-pilose; the terminal one often
3-divided ; stem-leaves smaller and becoming bract-like above; stipules ovate, acuminate,
about 7 mm. long, entire or incised; pedicels 1-2 cm. long; hypanthium 3 mm. long,
indistinctly 10-ribbed ; sepals 4 mm. long, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate; petals
white, 4 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, slightly acuminate; receptacle cylindric, 2 mm. long,
bearing the pistils on the hirsute summit; styles filiform; achenes smooth.

TYPE LOCALITY: Sheep Mountains, Nevada.
DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality.

18. COMARELLA Rydb. Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia
Univ. 2: 156. 1898.

Perennial herbs, with very thick woody taproots and short, thick, scaly caudices.
Leaves pinnate with numerous crowded leaflets. Inflorescence cymose-paniculate with
slender branches. Hypanthium wheel-shaped, 7. ¢., the central portion turbinate, enclos-
ing the ovaries and beset on its inner surface with long bristles, the peripheral portion, mak-
ing an obtuse angle with the former, flat, pentagonal in outline, making nearly a right angle
with the pedicel. Petals dark-purple, narrowly linear, shorter than the calyx. Stamens
5, inserted at the outer margin of the flat portion of the hypanthium ; filiments filiform,
bent inward ; anthers small, opening by a longitudinal slit. Pistils two; styles long and
filiform, terminal. Mature achenes assuming a nearly horizontal position, rather flat.
Seed inserted near the base of the style, pendulous, anatropous.

Type species, Horkelia multifoliolata Torr.

Plant puberulent; leaflets 40-60, 5-10 mm. long. 1. C. multifoliolata,
Plant glabrous; leaflets about 30, 3-5 mm. long. 2. C. sabulosa.

1. Comarella multifoliolata (Torr.) Rydb. Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia
Univ. 2: 156. 1898.

Horkelia? multifoliolata Torr. in Sitgreaves, Rep. Exp. 159. 1853.
Potentilla depauperaia Engelm.; A. Gtay, Proc. Am. Acad. 7: 399. 1868.
lvesia depauperata A. Gray ; Brewer & Wats. Bot. Calif. 1: 184. 1876.

Perennial, with a thick root and short caudex; stem 3-6 dm. high, ascending or erect,
finely pubescent, in age glabrate, somewhat leafy; stipules lanceolate, often cleft; leaves
1-3 dm. long, finely pubescent when young, in age glabrate, pinnate ; leaflets 20-30 rather

292 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA ([VoLUME 22

approximate pairs, 5-10 mm. long, 3-5-cleft, with oblong or ovate segments; cyme open,
flat-topped, with diverging branches and slender pedicels; hypanthium wheel-shaped,
puberulent, about 5 mm. in diameter, purplish, in fruit 5-angled ; bractlets linear-subulate,
somewhat fleshy, much shorter than the broadly lanceolate acuminate purplish-tinged
sepals, which are 5 mm. long; petals purple, linear or oblanceolate, acute, shorter than
the sepals.

TyPE LOCALITY; Western border of New Mexico [now within Arizona].
DISTRIBUTION: Arizona. © ' .
ILLUSTRATION : Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: p/. 96.

2. Comarella sabulosa (M. E. Jones) Rydb. Mem. Dep. Columbia
Univ. 2: 157. 1898.

Potentilla sabulosa M. B. Jones, Proc. Calif. Acad. II. 5: 680. 1895.
Tvesia sabulosa M. B. Jones, Proc. Calif. Acad. If. 5: 680, as synonym. 1895.

Stems several from the caudex, ascending, less than 2 dm. high, more or less tinged
with brown, slender, glabrous; stipules ovate-lanceolate; leaves less than 1 dm. long,
glabrate, pinnate; leaflets about 15 rather approximate pairs, 3-5 mm. long, 2-3-cleft into
oval segments; cyme open and rather flat-topped, with divergent branches and slender
pedicels; hypanthium glabrous, wheel-shaped, 3-4 mm. in diameter, in age 5-angled ;
bractlets linear-subulate, thickish, much smaller than the ovate-lanceolate acuminate sepals.

TyPE LOCALITY : Head of the Sevier River, Utah.
DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality.
ILLUSTRATION : Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: pl. 97, f. 1-5.

19. STELLARIOPSIS (Baillon) Rydb. Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia
Univ. 2: 155. 1898.
Polentilla § Siellariopsis Baillon, Hist. Pl. 1: 370. 1869.

Perennial herbs, with thick woody roots and short erect caudices covered with numerous
leaves. Leaves pinnate, with numerous, minute, crowded, and imbricate leaflets. Inflo-
rescence cymose-paniculate, open. Hypanthium saucer-shaped, small. Bractlets, sepals,
and petals 5. Petals white, elliptic or round-ovate, slightly unguiculate. Stamens 15, in-
serted on the margin of the disk, separated some distance from the pistil; filaments fili-
form, long; anthers purplish, didymous, obcordate, each half nearly pear-shaped, dehiscent
by a subterminal pore. Pistil single, surrounded by numerous bristles; style long and
slender, terminal. Mature achene very large for the size of the flower, at last assuming
a more or less horizontal position. Seed inserted near the base of the style, pendulous
and anatropous.

Type species, /vesia santolinoides A. Gray.

1. Stellariopsis santolinoides (A. Gray) Rydb. Mem. Dep. Bot.
Columbia Univ. 2: 155. 1898.
Ivesia santolinoides A. Gray, Proc, Am. Acad. 6: 531. 1865.
Potentilla santolinoides Greene, Pittonia 1: 106. 1887.

Perennial, with a deep root, not very thick, crowned with a short erect caudex, which
is densely covered with hairy scales; stems several, erect, much branched, more or less
silky-villous on the lower portion with long white spreading or reflexed hairs; stipules
ovate, 5 mm. or less, often divided; basal leaves numerous, 3-10 cm. long, densely white-
silky, terete and worm-like from the numerous minute crowded leaflets ; stem-leaves similar,
but smaller; cyme intricately branched into filiform branches and very slender pedicels
1-2 em. long; hypanthium finely puberulent, saucer-shaped, in fruit 3 mm. in diameter ;
bractlets ovate, minute, about one fourth the length of the ovate sepals, which are 1.5 mm.
long; petals white, broadly obovate or orbicular, twice as long as the sepals.

TYPE LOCALITY: Sierra Nevada, California.
DISTRIBUTION : Sierra Nevada and San Bernardino Mountains, California.
ILLUSTRATION: Mem. Dep. Bot. Columbia Univ. 2: 7. 95.

Aruncus Connarus

acuminatus, 255 glabra, 233
Allegheniensis, 286 erandifolius, 236
americanus, 256 guianensis, 234
Aruncus, 255 Lamberti, 234
kamchaticus, 256 panamensis, 235
pubescens, 256 Pottsaii, 234
sylvester, 255 reticulatus, 236
sylvester kamehatica, 256 Turezaninowii, 235
sylvestris americanus, 256 Coreosma
vulgaris, 255 affinis, 203
Astilbe florida, 206
Aruncus, 255 multiflora, 203
Basilimna sanguinea, 208
Millefolium, 257 viscosissima, 202
sorbifolia, 257 Crossosoma
Beurera Bigelovii, 232
ferax, 238 californicum, 231
fertilis, 238 gleucum, 232
florida, 237 parviflorum, 232
Butneria Eriogynia
fertilis, 238 caespitosa, 253
florida, 237 Hendergoni, 283
Mohrii, 258 pectinata, 255
nana, 238 uniflora, 254
occidentalia, 238 Epicos torus
Calobo trya montanus, 244
sanguinea, 208 Filipendula
Calycan thus denudata, 267
Lerax, 238 FPilipendula, 267
fertilis, 238 hexapetala, 267
floridus, 237 kamtechatica, 268
glaucus, 238 lobata, 268
fnedorus, 238 occidentalis, 268
laevigatus, 238 rubra, 267
Mohrii, 238 Ulmaria, 266
nanus, 238 Ulmaria denudata, 267
occidentalis, 238 vulgaris, 267
sterilis, 237 Gillenia
Cerophyllum stipulacea, 258
- Deuglasii, 200 trifoliata, 258
inebrians, 201 Grossularia
Chamaeba tiaria amara, 216
glutinoga, 258 binominata, 218
Millefolium, 257 californica, 214
Chrysobo trya cognata, 222
intermedia, 204 oruenta, 215
- Lindleyana, 204 eurvata, 221
Cynosbati, 220
revoluta, 205
Cnes tidium divaricata, 224

rufescens, 236 Greeneiana, 212
Comarella hesperia, 215

mul tifoliolata, 201 hirtella, 225

sabulosa, 292 Hystrix, 213

Grossularia Horkelia

inermis, 224 californica cuneata, 275

irrigua, 222 californica paucifolioleta, 274

klamathensis, 225 ealifornica sericea, 273

lasiantha, 219 campestris, 285

leptantha, 219 capitata, 274, 277

leptosma, 214 earuifolia, 281

Lobbii, 217 chae tophora, 290

madrensis, 218 Chandleri, 287

Marshallii, 217 Clevelandi, 273

Menziesii, 213 Congdonis, 283

microphylla, 219 congesta, 277, 280, 281

missouriensis, 221 cuneata, 275

nivea, 221 daucifolia, 281

oxyacanthoides, 223 Douglasiana, 275

Parishii, 224 elata, 272

pinetorum, 217 eremica, 286

quercetorum, 220 flavescens, 279

reclinata, 223 frondosa, 271

Roesli, 215 fusca, 278

rotundifolia, 223 fusca tenella, 276

senilis, 214 fusca tenuiloba, 276

gericea, 216 glandulosa, 272

setosa, 222 Gordonii, 289

speciosa, 212 Gordonii ealpicola, 289

triflora, 223 Gordonii megalopetala, 289

tularensis, 218 grandis, 271

Uva-crispa, 223 Hendersonii, 276

Velutina, 220 hirsuta, 280

Viectoris, 213 hispidula, 278

vulgaris, 223 Howellii, 281

Vatsoniana, 218 integrifolia, 279
Holodiscus Kelloggii, 273

Kingil, 286

r €
argenteus, 266 laxiflora, 281

argenteus bifrons, 265

ariaefolius, 26 lycopodioides, 288
eae rete 263 . Micheneri, 272
discolor, 262 mollis, 285
discolor ariaefolius, 262 Muirii, 287

multifoliolata, 291
mutabilis, 288
Parryi, 273, 275
parviflora, 2797

discolor dumosa, 263
dumosus, 263, 264
glabrescens, 265

r ’ 64
pe terdaa sre . Pickeringii, 284
Horkelia Cee seer
pineo trun, 2
argyrocomsa, 284 via ijcalye., 274

Baileyi, 290
Baileyi setosa, 290
bernardina, 273
Bolanderi, 274 puberula, 275
Bolanderi marinensis, 274 pulchra, 280
Bolanderi Parryi, 273 purpurascens, 282
Brownii, 276 pygmaea, 289

californica, 271 Rydbergii, 275

platypetala, 275
pseudocapitata, 277

Horkelia ivesia

seandularis, 288 unguiculata, 284, 285
sericata, 278 utahensis, 287
sericea, 273 Webberi, 287
sericoleuca, 284 Kelseya
Shockleyi, 289 uniflora, 254
tenella, 276, 278 Lindleya
tenuiloba, 276 meapiloides, 259
tenuisecta, 278 Lindleyelia
Mlingi, 279 mesapiloides, 259
tridentata, 279 Schiedeana, 259
tridentata integrifolia,279 Luetkea
truncata, 2'74 caespitosa, 253
unguiculata, 285 caespitosa elatior, 254
utahensis, 287 cinerascens, 253
Wevberi, 287 Hendersoni, 253
Wilderae, 272 pectinata, 255
Horkeliella sibbalidioides, 255
Gongdonis, 283 uniflora, 254
pinetorum, 282 Reillia
purpurascens, 282 alternans, 246
Ico torus capitate, 241
montanus, 244 malvacea, 244
Ivesia monogyna, 244
Blpicola, 289 monogyna melvacea, 244
argyrocoma, 284 opulifolia, 241, 242
Baileyi, 290 opulifolia alternans, 245
Baileyi setosa, 290 opulifolia ferruginea, 243
callida, 286 opulifolia mollis, 242
campestris, 285 opulifolia multiflora, 242
chaetophora, 290 opulifolia pauciflora, 2465

Chandleri, 287 Torreyi, 244

depauperata, 291 Omphalobium
eremica, 286 Lamberti, 234
Gordonii, 289 Opulas ter

Gordonii lycopodioides, 288 Sabamensia, 245
Gordonii pygmaen, 289 alternans, 245
Kingii, 286 australis, 242
lycopodioides, 288 brac tea tus, 243

megalope tala, 289 bullatus, 241
mollie, 286 capitatus, 241, 242

Muirii, 287 corda tua, 242
mutabilis, 288 giabratus, 243
pallida, 286 Hapemanii, 244
Pickeringii, 264 intermedius, 242, 243%

pygmaea, 288, 289 malvaceus, 244

sabvlosea, 292 monogynus, 244
santolinoides, 292 opulifolius, 241
soandularis, 288 opulifolius capitatus, 242

sericoleuca, 284 opulifolius tomentellus, 242
setosa, 230 pauciflorus,’ 244
Shookleyi, 289 pubescens, 244

tridentata, 279 Ramaleyi, 242, 245
fweedyi, 288 stellatus, 243

Pe trophy tum Po tentilla

acumine tum, 283 depauperata, 291
caespitosum, 253 Douglasii, 278
cinerascens, 283 Douglasiil tenella, 276
elatius, 264 elata, 272
Hendersoni, 253 eremica, 286

Physocerpa frondosa, 271
opulifolia, 241, 242 Gordonii, 289
opulifolia or glabra, 242 Gordonii lycopodioidee, 288
riparie, 241 Rowellii, 281
tomentosa, 241 laxiflora, 281

Physocarpus Kelloggii, 273
capitatus, 242 Kingii, 286
ferrugineus, 243 Kingii incerta, 286
intermedius, 242 Lindleyi, 275
malvaceus, 244 Micheneri, 272
michiganensis, 241 Muirii, 287
missouriensis, 241 mul tijuga, 275
monogynus, 244 nubigena, 289
opulifolia, 241 Parryi, 276
pauciflorus, 244 Pickeringli, 284
Torreyi, 244 puberula, 275

Pla tanus purpurascens, 282
ealifornica, 227 purpurascens pinetorum, 282
glabrata, 228 sabulosa, 292
hybridus, 229 santolinoides, 292
Lindeniana, 227, 228 sericata, 278
lebata, 229 stenoloba, 276
mexicana, 227, 228 tenuiloba, 276
occidentalia, 227, 229 tenuiloba Hicheneri, 272
occidentalis hispanica, 229 Tilingi, 279
oceidentalis lobata, 229 unguiculate, 284, 285
Yacemoss, 227 utahensis, 287
Vulgaris angulosa, 229 utahnensis campestris, 286
Wrightii, 228 Webberi, 287

Por teran thus Purpusia
stipulatus, 258 saxosa, 291
trifoliatus, 268 Ribes

Potentilla acerifolium, 198, 199
Andersonii, 277 affine, 200, 203
Baileyi, 290 albidum, 208
Bolanderi, 274 albinervium, 108
californica, 271 Altamirani, 203
californica carmeliana, 271 ‘®marum, 216
californica elata, 272 ambiguum, 218
californica sericea, 273 americanum, 200, 206
callida, 286 americanum nigrum, 206
capi tata, 2997 amictum, 215
ciliata, 285 amictum cruentum, 215
Clevelandi, 273 amictum pubescens, 216
congesta, 280 aridum, 216
conges ta lobata, 281 ascendens, 207
daucifolia, 281 ascendens Jasperae, 207

decipiens, 289 aureum, 204

Ribes Ribes

aureum chrycococeum, 204 @laucescens, 207

aureum leiobotrys, 204 glutinosum, 208

aureum melanococcum, 206 eiutinosum melanocarpus, 208
aureum praecox, 205 Gracile, 220, 221

aureum tenuiflorum, 204 gracillimum, 205

aureum villosum, 205 grande, 204

palsamiferum, 200 Grantil, 207

binominatum, 218 Greeneianum, 212
bracteosum, 197 Grossularia, 223
bracteosum viridiflorum, 197 grossulsrioides, 196
brachyenthum, 220 Hallii, 203

Brandegei, 207 hesperium, 215
californicum, 214 hirtellum, 225
campanulatum, 202, 206 hirtellum Purpusi, 224
camporum, 222 Hittellianum, 207

cereum, 200 hor tense, 198

cereum farinosum, 200 Howellii, 199

cereum pedicellare, 200 hudsonianum, 197

eereum viridior, 201 hudsonianum canadense, 197
ceriferum, 201 hudsonianum petiolare, 198
chihuahuense, 204 huronense, 225

Churchii, 201 Hystrix, 213

ciliatum, 204 indecorum, 209

cilicsum, 198 inebrians, 201

cognatum, 222 inebrianga maius, 201
coloradense, 199 inebrians mescalerium, 201
Congdoni, 220 inebrians Sp&thianum, 201
cruentum, 215 inerme, 224

curva tum, 221 inodorum, 3204

Cynosbati, 220 irriguum, 222

Gynosbeati glabratum, 220 jasminiflorum, 204
deductum, 208 jorullense, 204

Dillenii, 206 Kun thii, 203

divaricatum, 224 lacustre, 196

divaricatum clabriflorum, 224 lacustre lentum, 196
divaricatum irriguum, 222 lacustre molle, 196
divaricatum montanum, 224 lacus tre parvulunm, 196
divaricatum pubiflorum, 224 lasianthum, 219
divaricatum villosum, 224 laxiflorum, 200

Dugesii, 203 laxiflorum coloradense, 199
echina tum, 196 laxiflorum inerme, 200

ery throcarpum, 199 leiobotrys, 204

ferox, 213 lentum, 196

flavum, 204, 205 leptanthun, 219

floridum, 206 leptanthum brachyanthum, 220
floridum grandiflorum, 206 lep tanthum genuinum, 219
floridum parviflorum, 206 lep tan thum quercetorum, 220
floridum puberulum, 206 lep tanthum veganum, 219
fontinale, 205 leucoderme, 222

fragrans, 205 Lobbii, 217

fuchsioides, 212 longiflorum, 205
glanduliferum, 220 madrense, 218

glandulosum, 199 malvaceum, 208

Ribes Ribes

malvaceum indecorum, 209 prostratun, 199

malvaceum viridifolium, 208 prostratum laxiflorum, 200
mariposanum, 216 pumilum, 201

Marshallii, 217 purpurascens, 208
Menziesianum, 213 Purpusi, 224
-Menziesii, 213 querce torum, 220
Menziesii amarum, 216 reclinatum, 223

Menziesii minus, 213 recurvatum, 206

Menziesii Victoris, 213 reniforme, 200
mescalerium, 201. Yresinosum, 225

mexicanum, 203 rigens, 199

microphyllum, 219 Roezli, 215

migratorium, 198 retundifolia, 223
missouriense, 221 rubrum, 198

mogollonicum, 207 rubrum subglandulosum, 198
molle, 196 rubrum albinervium, 198
montanum, 218 rugoesum, 204

montigenum, 196 sanguineum, 208
multiflorum, 203 sanguineum glutinosum, 208
neglectum, 202 sanguineum malvaceum, 208
Nelsoni, 206 sanguineum variegatum, 207
nevadense, 207 Santae-Luciae, 208
nevadense genuinum, 207 saximontanum, 222
nevadense Jasperae, 207 saxosum, 225

nigrum, 197 Scuphami, 208

nigrum pennsylvanicum, 206 sericeum, 216

niveum, 221 sericeum viridescens, 216
nubigenum, 196 setosum, 222

eccidentale, 214 Spéthianum, 201
occidentale californicum, 214 speciosum, 212

occidentale hesperium, 215 stamineum, 212, 223
odoratum, 205 Stanfordii, 220
oligacanthum, 214 subvestitum, 213

Oregoni, 205 subves titum microphyllum, 219
Orizabae, 203 Suksdorfii, 224
oxyacanthoides, 223 tenuiflorum, 204

oxyacanthoides calcicola, 225 tomentosum, 224
oxyacanthoides irriguum, 224 tor tuosum, 206
oxyacanthoides lacustre, 196 triacanthum, 212
oxyacanthoides leucoderme, 222 trifidum, 199
oxyacanthoides nevadense, 224 triflorum, 223
oxyacanthoides Purpusii, 224 triste, 198

oxyacanthoides saxosum, 225 triste albinervium, 198
oxyacanthoides vagum, 224 tubiflorum, 208

palma tum, 205 tubulosum, 208

Palmeri, 206 Uva-crispa, 223

palousense, 222 vallicola, 224

Parishii, 224 variegatum, 207

parvulum, 196 velutinum, 220
pennsylvanicum, 206 velutinum brachyanthum, 220
petiolare, 198 velu tinum Congdoni, 220
pinetorum, 217 velutinum Greeneianum, 220

Pringlei, 202 viburnifoliun, 197

Ribes
Victoris, 213
villosum, 224
viridifolium, 208
viscosissimum, 202
viscosissimum Hallii, 203
viscosissimum Purshii, 202
vulgare, 198
vulgare hortense, 198
VWatsonianum, 218
Wilsonianum, 215

Wolfii, 207
Robtergia

giabra, 233
Robsonia

speciosa, 212
Rourea

frutescens, 236

glabra, 233

hondurensis, 236
oblongifolia, 233
oblongifolia floribunda, 234
paucifoliata, 234
suerrensis, 234
Saxifraga
pectinata, 255
Schizono tus
argenteus, 266
argenteus alpestris, 265
argenteus ariaefolius, 262
argenteus discolor, 262
argenteus dumosus, 263
argenteus fissus, 265
argenteus griseus, 264
argenteus intermedius, 263
argenteus Mutisianus, 266
ariaefolius, 262
discolor, 262
discolor ariaefolius, 262
discolor dumosus, 263
discolor fissus, 265
discolor Purshianus, 262
dumosus, 263
sorbifolius, 257
Serico theca
argentea, 266
Boursieri, 263
concolor, 264
discolor, 262
dumosa, 263
fissa, 265
franciscana, 262
glabrescens, 265
microphylla, 264

Serico theca

obovata, 264
pachydisca, 263
saxicola, 263
Schaffneri, 264
velutina, 268

Sibbaldia

californica, 271
congesta, 280

Sorbaria

Millefolium, 257
sorbifolia, 257

Spiraea

acuminata, 265

alba, 249, 250

alba latifolia, 249
amena, 250

americana, 256

arbuscula, 247

argentea, 265, 266
ariaefolia, 262
ariaefolia discolor, 263
Aruncus, 255

Aruncus americana, 256
Aruncus hermaphrodita, 256
Beauverdiana Steveni, 247
bethlehemensis, 249
betulifolia, 247, 248
betulifolia corymbosa, 248
betulifolia rosea, 247
Boursieri, 263
caespitosa, 253, 255
ceaespitosa elatior, 254
californica, 261

callosa, 249

capitata, 241
c@roliniana, 242
carpinifolia, 249
chamaedrifolia, 247
chamaedrifolia media, 247
chamaedryfolia, 24"
ciliata, 250

cinerascens, 253
corymbosa, 248

corymbosa lucida, 248
erenata, 249

euneifolia, 250, 251
densiflora, 248

denudata, 267

discolor, 262, 263
discolor ariaefolia, 262
discolor dumosa, 263, 264
discolor glabrescens, 265
Douglasii, 251

Spirsea

Douglasii Menziesii, 251
dumosa, 263, 265
ferruginea, 252
Flilipendula, 267

fissa, 265

flexuosa, 250

For tunei, 249

glomersta, 252
grandifolia, 250

Har twegiana, 246
Helleri, 248

Hendersoni, 253
heterophylla, 249
hypericifolia, 252
jeponica, 249
kamtschatica, 268
lancifolia, 250
latifolia, 249
lobata, 267
lucida, 248
lucida rosea,
Menziesii, 251
mexicana, 266
Millefolium, 257
monogyna, 244

obovata, 249
occidentalis, 268
odorata, 267
opulifolia, 241, 244
opulifolia ferruginea,
opulifolia mollis, 242
opulifolia parviflora,
opulifolia pauciflora,

247

243

244
244

opulifolia tomentella,
ostryfolia, 248
ovata, 249

palustris, 266
paniculata, 250, 255

parvifolia, 246, 252
pauciflora, 244
pectinata, 258

pinnata, 257
prunifolia, 246
pyramidata, 250
Tepens, 248
ribvifolia,
Tosea, 247,
roseata, 250

rubra, 268

Balicifolia, 250
salicifolia lanceolata, 250
salicifolia latifolia, 249
Balicifolia linearis, 250
salicifolia paniculata, 250

242
252

Spiraea
sorbifolia, 257
sororia, 248
splendene, 247
Steveni, 247
stipulacea, 258
stipulata, 268
subcenescens, 252
subvillosa, 251
tonien tose, 262
tomentosa ulba, 260
tonentulosa, 251
trifoliate, 268
tuberosa, 267
Ulmaria, 266
Ulmaria coneolor, 267
Ulmsria denudata, 267
ulnifolia, 247
uniflora, 254
virginiana, 249
Vulparis, 269

Stellariopsis

santolinoldes, 292
Thecenisia
angustifolia, 268

discolor, 269
lobata, 267
purpurea ("ponpurea"), 268
Ulmaria, 267
Ulaaria
Aruncus, 255
filipendiula, 267
palustris, 266
rubra, 267

241, 242 Cpiraea-Ulmaria, 266

trifelliate, 258
Uluaria, 267
Vauquelinia
angustifolia, 260
californica, 261
corymbosa, 260, 261
Karwinskyi, 260
Torreyi, 261

PARTS PREVIOUSLY PUBLISHED

Volume 7, Part 1. Ustilaginales: Ustilaginaceae, Tilletiaceae.

Volume 7, Part 2. Uredinales: Coleosporiaceae, Uredinaceae, Aecidiaceae
(pars).

Volume 9, Part 1. (Agaricales:) Polyporaceae (pars).

Volume 9, Part 2. (Agaricales :) Polyporaceae (conclusio).

Volume 22, Part 1. Rosales: Podostemonaceae, Crassulaceae, Penthoraceae,
Parnassiaceae.

Volume 22, Part 2. (Rosales:) Saxifragaceae, Hydrangeaceae, Cunoniaceae,
Iteaceae, Pterostemonaceae, Hamamelidaceae, Altingiaceae, Phyllonoma-
ceae.

Volume 25, Part 1. Geraniales: Geraniaceae, Oxalidaceae, Erythroxylaceae,
Linaceae.

j PRESS OF
‘THE NEW ERA PRINTING COMPANY :
: LANCASTER, PA. : re an