NORT AMERICAN FLORA VOLUME 9 (AGARICALES) POLYPORACEAE-AGARICACEAE PUBLISHED BY THE NEW YORK BOTANICAL GARDEN 1907-1916 Part Part Part Part Part Part Part VOLUME 9 WAS PUBLISHED IN SEVEN PARTS SD On FF WN Pages 1-72 . . . . 1 . . . «~~ =©19 December 1907 Pages 73-132. . . . we ee ee ee «12 March 1908 Pages 133-200 . . . . . . . . . .) .). 63 February 1910 Pages 201-296 . . 2... ee ee eee 30 April 1915 Pages 297-374 2. 0. 1 6 ee ee ee es 7 June 1916 Pages 375-460 . . 2. 2. . . . ~~ ~~ 10 October 1916 Pages 461-542,i-iv . . . . . . . . « . 25 October 1916 AUTHORS OF THIS VOLUME Witiiam ALPHONSO MuRRILL (all, except as noted below) GERTRUDE SIMMONS BURLINGHAM (Lactaria and Russula) LeicH H PENNINGTON (Temperate species of Marasmius) Joun HENDLEY Barnuart (Bibliography) CONTENTS (Agaricales) (PoLvPorEa®) POLYPORACEAB... 0.0.00... 000000- 1 Pogonomyces............... 84 (PORIBAE).. 2... eee eee Nigroporus................. 85 Hydnoporia................ 3 Cycloporellus............... 85 Fuscoporia................. 3 Inonotus...... Ueda aneetas 86 Fuscoporella............... 6 Phaeolus......... 000020000. 90 Fomitiporia................ 7 Coltriciella........0....00.... 91 Fomitiporella............... 12 Coltricia...........0..0.00., 91 Tinctoporia...............,. 14 (FomITEAE) Melanoporella.............. 14 Cryptoporus............... 94 Melanoporia............... 14 Fomes.........00000eceeeee 94 (POLYPOREAE) Fomitella.................. 100 Irpiciporus................. 15 Pyropolyporus guises acdaiadea. 101 Poronidulus................ 16 Porodaedalea........... see. LL Coriolus. 2.0.2... cece eee 16 Nigrofomes................ 112 Coriolellus..............00. 28 Globifomes................. 112 Spongiporus................ 29 Elfvingia..............00.- 113 Tomophagus............... 30 Amauroderma............., 115 Tyromyces..............00. 30 Ganoderma................ 118 Spongipellis................ 37. (DAEDALEAE) Bjerkandera..............5. 40 Cerrema... 6... cece eee eee 124 Trametes.............4. seta “427 Daedalea.............0000. 124 Piptopotus............0000. 44 Lenzites..............0008. 127 Farliella > Bedercoletoiei a Waaroaenowie 44 Gloeophyllum.............. 128 Rigidoporus................ 45 Cycloporus................. 131 Porodisculus.............4. 47 BOLETACEAR.. 1. cece c eee ee eee eee 133 Hexagona... 0... cee eae 47 Gyroporus.... 2.2.2.0... ee 133 Microporellus.............. 52 Tylopilus.................. 134 Polyporus. ........0..0000405 54 Ceriomyces................ 136 Abortiporus................ 64 Suillellus.. 2.2.0.2... 00 .00.. 151 Scutiger 64.4 weenie 64 Rostkovites.....0........... 153 Gnrifolac: ns cidatiewads beces 68 Boletus. ........06.02.000005 154 Aurantiporellus............. 70 Boletellus. ................. 156 Pyenopotellus.............. 70 Pulveroboletus............. 156 Pycnoporus............0005 71 Strobilomyces.............. 157 Aurantiporus............... 71 Boletinellus Flaviporellus............... 72 : Laetiporus..........e eee 72 Phaeolopsis.........+.00005 73 Cerrenella:: oi 4:cs Gs bine ae's 73 Coriolopsis. ..........00c00e 74 Punalias 4 civiviieneeesin ee 78 Trichaptum................ 79 Hapalopilus.............00 80 Ischnoderma............... 82 Antrodia.... cc. cece eee eee 82 Polyozellus..........0..00005 171 Favolus...... Daopneensns 83 Plicaturella.............00- 172 Flaviporus..........0..00005 84 Chlorophyllum............. 172 iii (AGARICEAB) Schizophyllus.............. Polymarasmius............. Crepidopus........-..000 304 Micromphale..........-.--+ 307 Leptomyces.........-2-205: 309 Omphalopsis.... ........+- 310 Galactopus........-....-005 318 Prunulus... 0... ..0.-0 0006 319 Omphalina..............44. 344 Gymmopus............00065 352 Hydrocybe.........-..-.--5 376 Camarophyllus... ......... 385 Hygrophorus..............- 390 Clitocybe........--....000- 396 CORRECTIONS. 0.0.20... 0 02 eee eee eee 423 BIBLIOGRAPHY ..... 0.060 eee eee 427 Ph gah tects east tae ate agate eee 461 Index to families and tribes........ 461 Index to recognized genera and SPCClES 4 Naa ons Taree tates 461 Index to species...............--. 472 General index.....-....022000000. 513 Family 5. POLYPORACEAE By WILLIAM ALPHONSO MURRILL Hymenophore annual or perennial : context fleshy-tough, corky, or woody ; hymenium poroid or lamelloid, fleshy to woody, never gelatinous. Hymenophore entirely resupinate, never reflexed. Tribe 1. PORTEAE. Hymenophore normally pileate, often effused-reflexed, sometimes varying to resupinate. Hymenium porose. ‘ Hymenophore annual.1 Hymenophore perennial.? Tribe 3, FOMITEAE. Hymenium furrowed.3 Tribe 4. DAEDALEAE. Tribe 1. PoRIEAE. Hymenophore entirely resupinate, fleshy-tough to corky, annual or perennial: context fibrous to punky, usually very thin, variously colored ; tubes usually cylindrical, some- times irpiciform and rarely somewhat daedaleoid : spores brown or hyaline; cystidia often present. Hymenophore white or bright-colored. (SEE VOLUME 8; not yet published.) Hymenophore brown. Hymenophore annual ; tubes not stratified. Hymenium irpiciform. 13 Tribe 2, POLYPOREAE. . HYDNOPORIA. Hymenium normally poroid. Spores hyaline. 14. Fuscoporia. Spores brown. 15. FUSCOPORELLA. Hymenophore perennial ; tubes stratified. Spores hyaline. 16. FOMITIPORIA. Spores brown. 17. FOMITIPORELLA, Hymenophore black. Hymenophore annual. Spores hyaline. : 18. TINCTOPORIA. Spores brown. 19, MELANOPORELLA. Hymenophore perennial. 20. MELANOPORIA. Tribe 2, POLYPOREAE. Hymenophore variable in size and shape, fleshy-tough to corky, annual, sometimes reviving and rarely perennial, especially in the tropics ; surface encrusted or anoderm, glabrous or hairy, zonate or azonate: context fibrous, rarely punky, variously colored ; tubes cylindrical, sometimes splitting into teeth, usually thin-walled: spores rounded or oblong, brown or hyaline; cystidia frequently present ; surface of pileus never conidium-bearing: stipe often present, variously attached. Context white. Hymenophore sessile. Tubes hexagonal, arranged in radiating rows; context thin. 35. HEXAGONA, Tubes alveolar ; context thin, dry; surface zonate. 55. FAvoLus. Tubes mostly shallow, marginal and obsolete; hymenium hydnoid or irpiciform at a very early stage. 21. IRPICIPORUS: Tubes normally poroid, sometimes irpiciform from the rupture of the dissepiments at maturity. Hymenium at length separating smoothly from the context. 31. PIPTOPORUS. Hymenium not separating as above. Pileus very soft, spongy and elastic throughout. Hymenophore small; tubes large, not fragile. 25. SPONGIPORUS. Hymenophore of immense size; tubes smail, fragile when d Ty. 26. TOMOPHAGUS. Pileus more or less firm, flexible or rigid. Context duplex, spongy above, firm’ below ; surface sodden and bibulous. 28, Context not duplex as above. Pileus fleshy-tough to woody and rigid. Surface anoderm, rarely zonate. Hymenium more or less smoke-colored at maturity. 29. BJERKANDERA. Hymenium white or pallid. Context fleshy to fleshy-tough, friablewhendry. 27. TyROMYCES. Context punky to corky, not friable when dry. 30. TRAMETES. . SPONGIPELLIS. ! Apparent or real exceptions occur at times in Larliella corrugata, Pycnoporus cinna- barinus, Coriolopsis subglabrescens, Hapalopilus giluus, and Hapalopilus licnoides. 2Exceptions occur in Ganoderma spp., Amauroderma spp., Elfvingia lobata, and Fomitella supina. Porodaedalea is closely allied to the Daedaleae. 8 Cerrena shows an irpiciform hymenium at maturity, much resembling species of Coriolus. Daedalea and Gloeophyllum sometimes show poroid forms that are very confusing. VOLUME 9, Part 1, 1907] 1 2 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA Surface pelliculose, often zonate ; plants chiefly trop- ical, Plants large, more than 5 cm. in diameter; hyme- nium flesh-colored. : Plants small, 5 cm. or less in diameter; hymenium white or pallid. 32. Pileus thin, leathery and more or less flexible, surface usually zonate. Hymenophore preceded by a cup-shaped sterile body. 22. Hymenophore not as above. Hymenophore normally pileate ; tubes small and nearly always regular. Hymenophore semi-resupinate ; tubes large and [VoLUME 9 EARLIELLA. 33. RIGIDOPORUS. PORONIDULUS. 23. CORIOLUS. irregular. 24; CORIOLELLUS. Hymenophore stipitate. , Stipe compound. 40. GRIFOLA. Stipe simple. Plants fleshy, terrestrial. 39. SCUTIGER. Plants tough, epixylous. Tubes large, hexagonal and radially elongate from the first. 35. HEKAGONA. Tubes not as above. Pileus inverted, erumpent from lenticels. 34, PORODISCULUS. Pileus erect or lateral, not erumpent. Context duplex, spongy above, woody below. 38. ABORTIPORUS. Context homogeneous, firm. Surface zonate. 36. MICROPORELLUS. Surface azonate. 37. POLYPORUS. Context bright-colored ; yellow or red. Hymenophore sessile or subsessile. Pores red. Context soft and spongy. 41, AURANTIPORELLUS. Context firm. Tubes unchanged on drying. : 7 Tubes fragile ; surface anoderm. 42, PYCNOPORELLUS. Tubes firm and regular ; surface pelliculose. 43. PYCNOPORUS. Tubes orange-colored, becoming dark and resinous on drying. 44. Pores yellow. AURANTIPORUS. Context thin ; plants small. 45, FLAVIPORELLUS. Context thick ; plants very large. 46. LAETIPORUS. Hymenophore distinctly stipitate ; context yellow. 47. PHAEOLOPSIS. Context brown. Hymenophore sessile. Spores hyaline. Context light-brown, Context at first fleshy, becoming slightly corky. 53. ISCHNODERMA. Context tough from the first. Surface encrusted. 54. ANTRODIA. Surface not encrusted. Surface glabrous or nearly so. Hymenium alveolate. 55. FAVOLUS. Hymenium normally poroid. 52. HAPALOPILUS. Surface distinctly hairy. Tubes small and regular. 49. CORIOLOPSIS. Tubes large and irregular. 50. FUNALIA. Context dark-brown. Context duplex, mostly of intricately woven black hairs. 51. TRICHAPTUM. Context simple. Context friable. 61, PHAEOLUS. Context tough. Tubes yellow. 56. FLAVIPORUS. Tubes brown, rarely greenish. Tubes entire. Surface heavily bearded. 57. POGONOMYCES. Surface not bearded. 49, CoRIOLOPSIS. Tubes soon splitting into teeth. 48. CERRENELLA. Tubes black. 58. NIGROPORUS. Spores brown. Hymenophore thin, dry, multizonate. 59, CYCLOPORELLUS, Hymenophore not as above. 60. INoNoTUS. Hymenophore stipitate. , Spores hyaline. 61. PHAEOLUS. Spores brown. Pileus inverted, pendant. 62. COLTRICIELLA, Pileus erect, stipe central. 63. COLTRICIA, Tribe 3. FoMITEAE. Hymenophore large, woody, perennial, rarely small or annual ; surface anoderm or encrusted, usually sulcate, sometimes varnished : context punky or woody, variously colored ; tubes cylindrical, usually thick-walled : spores rounded, smooth or verrucose hyaline or brown ; cystidia frequently present: surface of pileus conidium-bearing in a few species : stipe rarely present, the hymenophore usually being sufficiently elevated by its host. Annual Part 1, 1907] POLYPORACEAE 3 forms and species in a few genera connect this group with the Polyporeae ; while the ten- dency at times to produce a daedaleoid hymenium, shown especially in Porodaedalea, con- nects it with the Daedaleae. Tubes at first concealed by’a volva. 64. CRYPTOPORUS. Tubes free from the first. Surface of hymenophore covered with reddish-brown varnish ; con- text punky to corky. 73. GANODERMA. Surface of hymenophore not as above. Hymenophore distinctly stipitate. 72, AMAURODERMA. Hymenophore sessile or subsessile. Context white, flesh-colored or wood-colored. 65. FomMEs. Context olivaceous. 66. FOMITELLA. Context brown, latericeous, dark-purple or black. Surface not encrusted ; or, if so, context woody. Context brown or latericeous. Hymenium porose. 67. PYROPOLYPORUS. Hymenium porose-daedateoid. 68. PORODAEDALEA, Context dark-purple or black. 69. NIGROFOMES. Surface encrusted ; context punky. Hymenophore subsessile, cespitose. 70. GLOBIFOMES, Hymenophore sessile, simple or imbricate. 71. ELFVINGIA. - Tribe 4. DAEDALEAE. Hymenium annual, very rarely perennial, coriaceous to woody, variable in size; surface anoderm, hairy or glabrous, variously marked: context white or brown, fibrous, woody or punky; hymenium exceedingly variable, normally labyrinthiform or lamelloid, but often poroid or even irpiciform, never stratified: spores smooth, brown or hyaline. Poroid and irpiciform plants of this group are difficult to separate from certain species of Polyporeae ; forms of Daedalea confragosa in particular being troublesome to the beginner. On the other hand, there is little to cause confusion between this group and the Fomiteae, if we except the single distinctly perennial species of Daedalea and the daedaleoid forms of Porodaedalea. Context white or wood-colored. Hymenium labyrinthiform, often becoming lamellate or irpiciform. Hymenium very soon becoming irpiciform. ” 74, CERRENA. Hymenium rarely becoming irpiciform and then not until maturity. 75. DAEDALEA. Hymenium lamellate from the first, not becoming irpiciform. 76. LENZITES. Context brown. Hymenophote sessile, furrows radiate. 77. GLOEOPHYLLUM. Hymenophore centrally stipitate, furrows concentric. 78. CYCLOPORUS. 13. HYDNOPORIA Murrill, gen. nov. Hymenophore resupinate, epixylous, annual: context very thin, brown; hymenium soon becoming irpiciform or hydnoid, tubes brown, thin-walled: spores smooth, hyaline ; hyphae brown; cystidia present. Type species, Sistotrema fuscescens Schw. 1. Hydnoporia fuscescens (Schw.) Murrill, Sistotrema fuscescens Schw. Schr. Nat. Ges. Leipzig 1: 102. 1822. . Irpex cinnamomeus Fries, Epicr. Myc. 524. 1838. (Type from North America.) Broadly effused, inseparable, irregular, coriaceous, 1-2 mm. thick ; margin thin, adnate, lobed, subbyssoid, sterile, ferruginous: context very thin, tough, ferruginous to fulvous ; hymenium uneven, hydnoid, ferruginous to fulvous, at length umbrinous; tubes uneven, 0.5-2 mm. long, punctiform at the margin, but soon becoming irpiciform or hydnoid, teeth hollow, pruinose, nearly conical at first, becoming elongate, flattened and incised with age: spores smooth, hyaline; hyphae ferruginous, 2-4 »; cystidia fairly abundant, long, cuspidate, tapering at both ends, fulvous, 50-80 < 10-15 z. Type LOCALITY : North Carolina. HasitaTt: Dead deciduous wood. DISTRIBUTION: New York to Alabama and west to Wisconsin and Texas. ExsiccaTr: Rav. Fungi Car. 1: 27; Rab.-Wint. Fungi Eur. 2935; Shear, N. Y. Fungi 309, Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 104; Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 30. 14. FUSCOPORIA Murrill, gen. nov. Hymenophore resupinate, epixylous, thin, effused, annual: context thin, brown; tubes not stratified, brown, short, usually regular, small and thin-walled: spores globose to ovoid, smooth, hyaline; cystidia nearly always present. Type species, Boletus ferruginosus Schrad. Tubes large, 2-3 to a mm., hexagonal or irregular, sometimes becoming daedaleoid. Mouths hexagonal; cystidia none. i 1. F. carbénaria, Mouths irregular, often daedaleoid ; cystidia abundant. 2. &. viticola, 4 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 Tubes small or medium, 48 to amm. Species confined to temperate regions. Margin very broad, woolly-tomentose ; cystidia none. 3. F. subiculosa. Margin not as above; cystidia present. Species confined to coniferous wood. So. ae ae Found only on Juniperus. 4. F. juniperina. Found only on Abies. 5. &. marginella. Speeies confinéd to deciduous wood. . Spores obovate-oblong, 5 x 3. 6. F, ferruginosa. Spores subglobose, 2x. 7. F. fulvida. Species confined to the tropics. . Hymenophore 1 mm. thick. 8. Fi rufitincta. . Hymenophore 2.54 mm. thick. 9, FF. nicaraguensis. 1. Fuscoporia carbonaria (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Hexagonia carbonaria Berk. & Curt. Grevillea 1: 68. 1872. Effused, more or less separable, orbicular to irregular, coriaceous, 1.5-2.5 mm. thick ; margin elevated, sometimes obtuse, fertile, undulate or lobed, ferruginous to fulvous: con- text inconspicuous, fulvous ; tubes fulvous within, their cavities whitish-pruinose, mouths large, hexagonal, grayish-fulvous, 2 toa mm., edges thin, entire : spores smooth, hyaline ; hyphae pale-ferruginous, 2-3; cystidia none. TYPE LOCALITY: South Carolina. HABITAT: On charcoal and burnt sticks in woods. DISTRIBUTION : South Carolina and Florida. 2. Fuscoporia viticola (Schw.) Murrill. Polyporus viticola Schw.; Fties, Elench. Fung. 115. 1828.— Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. II, 4: 158. 1832. Effused, much elongated, inseparable, coriaceous, flexible to fragile, 1-2 mm. thick ; margin determinate, thin, adnate, entire or lobed, ferruginous, finely tomentose, narrowly sterile, fertile with age: context conspicuous, fulvous, soft and pliable; hymenium plane or convex, ferruginous-fulvous to avellaneous or grayish-umbrinous, darker when bruised, irpiciforn in some specimens fiom the splitting of the dissepiments; tubes short, fulvous within, the cavities stuffed with grayish-white mycelium, mouths large and irregular, vari- able, often daedaleoid with age, averaging 2-3 to a mm., edges rather thick, firm, entire: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 2.5-3.54; hyphae ferruginous, 34; cystidia long, slender, cuspidate, fulvous, abundant, 40-50 X 6-7 #. TYPE LOCALITY: Salem, North Carolina. HaBitat: Various forms of dead deciduous wood. DISTRIBUTION : New England to South Carolina and west to Missouri. ExsiccaTr: Rav. Fungi Car. 1: 16; Thiim. Myc. Univ. 508; Rab.-Wint. Fungi Eur. 7433 ; Ellis, N. Am. Fungi /7/; Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 207. 3. Fuscoporia subiculosa (Peck) Murrill. Polyporus subtculosus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 31: 37. 1879. Broadly effused, separable, irregular, very soft and flexible; margin very broad, sterile, woolly-tomentose, adnate or somewhat free, ferruginous, irregular: context conspicuous, 1-2 mm. thick, resembling the margin in all respects; hymenium thin, plane, slightly uneven, cinereous-ferruginous, brownish when bruised; tubes more or less oblique, 1-2.5 mm. long, pale-isabelline within, mouths irregular, punctiform to angular, often somewhat daedaleoid, 2-3 to a mm., edges rather thin, uneven, entire to coarsely toothed: spores subglobose, smooth, hyaline, 4-6; hyphae ferruginous, 5-7“; cystidia none. TYPE LOCALITY: Copake, New York. HasitaT: Creeping over mosses, dead wood, and stones, in sheltered places. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 4, Fuscoporia juniperina Murrill, sp. nov. Effused, inseparable, oblong-elliptical to irregular, coriaceous to rigid, 1.5 mm. thick ; margin thin, adnate, broadly sterile, ferruginous, irregular, nearly glabrous: context incon- spicuous, ferruginous; hymenium slightly glistening, at length opaque, ferruginous to umbrinous, nearly plane, cracking with age; tubes pale-umbrinous within, mouths regular, Part 1, 1907] POLYPORACEAE 5 circular, minute, 7 toa mm., edges thick-walled, entire: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, copious, 5-6; hyphae ferruginous-fulvous, 3-4; cystidia fulvous, pointed, ventricose at the base, scanty, 15-25 pn. Type collected at St. Martinsville, Louisiana, on the under side of decaying fallen trunks of Juniperus virginiana, December 3, 1888, A. B. Langlois 1584. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 5. Fuscoporia marginella (Peck) Murrill. Polyporus marginellus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 42: 26. 1889. Effused, inseparable, irregular, rigid, corky, 2-5 mm. thick; margin distinct, adnate, thin, undulate, finely tomentose, sterile, subcinnamon, becoming fulvous with age, the extreme growing margin said to be white when fresh: context conspicuous, ferruginous, rather soft, 0.5 mm. thick; hymenium ferruginous to dark-fulvous, often uneven; tubes oblique, 3 mm. long, whitish-stuffed and avellaneous within, mouths subcircular, 4 to a mm., edges obtuse, entire: spores ovoid, smooth, hyaline, 6X5; hyphae ferruginous, 44; cystidia very long and very slender, fulvous, abundant, 50-804. TYPE LOCALITY: North Elba, New York. HABITAT: Dead bark and decorticated trunks of Abies nigra. DISTRIBUTION : New York. 6. Fuscoporia ferruginosa (Schrad.) Murrill. Boletus ferruginosus Schrad. Spic. Fl. Germ. 172. 1794. Effused, inseparable, irregular, coriaceous to rigid, 1-3 mm. thick; margin thin, adnate, usually determinate, entire to undulate, tomentose, sterile, ferruginous: context conspicuous, ferruginous; hymenium plane or uneven, often oblique, sometimes imbricate- undulate, bright-ferruginous, becoming ferruginous-fuscous with age; tubes whitish-stuffed, ferruginous to fuscous within, mouths variable, irregular, subcircular, averaging about 4 to a mm., edges thin, more or less dentate: spores obovate-oblong, smooth, hyaline, 1-gut- tulate, 5X3; hyphae flavous, 2-3; cystidia fulvous, cuspidate, ventricose at the base, abundant, 35-45 & 6-8 u. TYPE LOCALITY: Germany. Hasirat: Dead deciduous wood. . DISTRIBUTION: North America; also in Europe. 7. Fuscoporia fulvida (Ellis & Ev.) Murrill. Mucronoporus fulvidus Ellis & Ev. Proc. Acad. Phila. 1894: 323. 1894. Effused, inseparable, oblong-elliptical to irregular, rigid, 1-3 mm. thick; margin thin, adnate, irregular, sterile, tomentose, ferruginous, becoming umbrinous or brownish with age: context conspicuous, thin, fulvous; hymenium plane or slightly convex, usually even, ferruginous to fulvous, slightly grayish with age; tubes ferruginous within, partially whit- ish-stuffed, mouths regular, at first thick-walled, subcircular to angular, 4-5 to a mm., edges thin, uneven to slightly dentate or fimbriate with age: spores subglobose, smooth, ‘hyaline, 2“; hyphae luteous; cystidia tolerably abundant, rather pale, 25-35 & 3-4. TYPE LoéaLity: Berkeley, California. HaBItraT: Dead limbs of alder. ; DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 8. Fuscoporia rufitincta (Cooke) Murrill. Porta rufitincta Cooke, Grevillea 15: 25. 1886. — Jour. Linn. Soc. 35: 7. 1901. Broadly effused, partly separable with age, coriaceous to rigid or slightly flexible, about 1 mm. thick; margin free, thin, narrowly sterile, lobed, nearly glabrous, ferruginous: con- text conspicuous, ferruginous, less than 0.5 mm. thick; hymenium uneven, rufous, suf- fused when young with a grayish-umbrinous pruinosity, assuming a slightly reddish tinge with age; tubes very short, less than 1 mm., ferruginous to slightly fulvous within, mouths minute, regular, circular, at first punctiform, 7 to a mm., edges rather thin, slightly 6 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 uneven, entire: spores subglobose, smooth, hyaline, 4-5; hyphae ferruginous; cystidia long and slender, deep-fulvous, 60-80 & 8 #. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. HABITAT : Dead wood. DISTRIBUTION: West Indies. 9. Fuscoporia nicaraguensis Murrill, sp. nov. Broadly effused, irregular, inseparable, coriaceous to rigid, 2.5-4 mm. thick; margin adnate, rather thick, more or less determinate, lobed, tomentose, ferruginous, narrowly sterile, becoming glabrous and purplish-brown with age: context conspicuous, ferruginous, 1 mm. or more thick ; hymenium very smooth, umbrinous with a smoky tinge, ferruginous when very young; tubes umbrinous within, whitish-stuffed, 1-2 mm. long, mouths minute, regular, circular, 8-9 to a mm., edges thick, entire: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 3 4; hyphae bright-ferruginous ; cystidia conical, pointed, ferruginous, ventricose when young, abundant, 25-35 K 4-8 #. Type collected at Castillo, Nicaragua, on decorticated deciduous trunks, in 1891-2, Charles L. Smith. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. DOUBTFUL SPECIES Boletus superficialis Schw. Schr. Nat. Ges. Leipzig 1: 99. 1822. Described from North Carolina specimens collected on dead Prunus sp. Possibly an immature form of Polyporus viticola Schw. 15. FUSCOPORELLA Murrill, gen. nov. Hymenophore resupinate, epixylous, effused, annual: context thin, brown; tubes one- layered, brown, usually small and regular: spores globose to ovoid, smooth, brown; cys- tidia rarely present. Type species, /uscoporella coruscans Murrill. Tubes large, 2-3 toa mm.; margin free. 1. & palmicola. Tubes small, 4-7 toa mm.; margin adnate. Cystidia abundant; species temperate. 2. F. ludoviciana, Cystidia none ; species tropical. Hymenium chestnut-colored at maturity; spores 5-6 nw. 3. F. costaricensis. Hymenium ferruginous to dark-fulvous ; spores 3-5 x. Hymenium glistening and changing color to.a marked degree, tubes very oblique; spores subglobose, 4-5 yu. 4. F. coruscans. Hymenium not as above. Mouths regular, edges obtuse. 5. FY. mexicana, Mouths irregular, edges acute. 6. F. Shaferi. 1. Fuscoporella palmicola (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Polyporus palmicola Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. Bot. 10: 317. 1868. Effused, suborbicular, separable, thin, soft, coriaceous, flexible, 1-2 mm. thick; margin free, thin, broadly sterile, fimbriate, entire or lobed in outline, flavous-ferruginous, finely tomentose: context thin, conspicuous, concolorous with the margin; hymenium flavous- ferruginous, becoming nearly fulvous; tubes short, punctiform near the margin, about 1 mm. long at the center, fulvous within, mouths large, circular to somewhat irregular, averaging 2 toa mm., edges obtuse, entire: spores subglobose, smooth, ferruginous-ful- vous, 34; hyphae ferruginous, 3-4; cystidia scanty, very long, slender, fulvous, 40-60 u long, 6-7» thick at the base. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. HaBitTaT: Dead stipes of a prickly palm. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 2. Fuscoporella ludoviciana Murrill, sp. nov. Broadly effused, inseparable, irregular, rigid, woody, 1 mm. thick; margin thin, adnate, somewhat depressed, fertile, ferruginous, undulate or lobed: context inconspicu- ous, ferruginous to fulvous; hymenium plane, ferruginous to grayish-umbrinous; tubes cylindrical, very oblique, the layer about 1 mm. thick, umbrinous within, mouths 5 toa Parr 1,.1907| POLYPORACEAE 7 mm., regular, edges thin, rigid, entire, uneven because of the oblique tubes: spores globose, smooth, ferruginous, copious, 4-5; hyphae ferruginous, 4; cystidia abundant, dark-fulvous, ventricose, pointed, 10-15 X64. Gee collected at St. Martinsville, Louisiana, on oak branehes, March 11, 1889, A. B. Langlois DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 3. Fuscoporella costaricensis Murrill, sp. nov. Orbicular to irregularly effused, inseparable, rigid, fragile, 1-2 mm. thick; margin thin, adnate, entire to undulate, narrowly sterile, ferruginous, nearly glabrous, becoming blackish at times with age: context inconspicuous, ferruginous to fulvous; hymenium nearly plane, ferruginous when very young, soon becoming umbrinous and finally chestnut- colored, cracking with age; tubes very short, 1-2 mm. long, umbrinous within, mouths punctiform, ruular, subcircular, 5-6 toamm., edges thin, rigid, entire: spores subglobose, smooth, ferruginous, 5-6“; hyphae pale-ferruginous, 3-4; cystidia none. Type collected at Santo Domingo de San Mateo, Costa Rica, 300 meters, on a decayed hard- wood trunk, May 15-17, 1906, W. R. Maxon 588. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 4. Fuscoporella coruscans Murrill, sp. nov. Effused, rigid, annual, 2-4 < 5-8 X 0.1-0.3 cm.; margin thin, ferruginous, becoming blackish and at times somewhat thick and elevated: context very thin, ferruginous; hymenium smooth, glistening, changing from fulvous to avellaneous with the direction of the light, fissured on drying; tubes oblique, cylindrical, regular, rigid, rather thick-walled, entire or dentate, 0.1-0.3 mm. long, 6 toa mm., ferruginous within, slightly flesh-colored externally when seen under a lens: spores smooth, subglobose, pale-ferruginous, copious, 4-5; hyphae pale-ferruginous ; cystidia none. Type collected at Alto Cedro, Cuba, on decayed hardwood logs in a dense virgin forest, March 20, 1905, FS. Harle & W. A. Murrill 473. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 5. Fuscoporella mexicana Murrill, sp. nov. Irregularly effused, inseparable, coriaceous to rigid, 1 mm. thick; margin irregular, thin, adnate, narrowly sterile, ferruginous: context inconspicuous, ferruginous to fulvous; hymenium plane, ferruginous when young, fuliginous and cracking with age; tubes fulvous within, mouths regular, subcircular to angular, 5-6 to a mm., edges thick, entire: spores subglobose, smooth, ferruginous, copious, 3-4 #; hyphae ferruginous ; cystidia none. Type collected in Mexico, on dead wood, in 1891, Charles L. Smith. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 6. Fuscoporella Shaferi Murrill, sp. nov. Broadly effused, seceding with age, irregular, corky to woody, rigid when dry, 1 mm. thick; margin undulate to irregular, thin, adnate, ferruginous, broadly sterile, reddish- brown with age: context conspicuous, ferruginous to fulvous; hymenium plane, even, grayish-umbrinous, ferruginous-tinted when young; tubes short, fulvous within, oblique, mouths irregular, very shallow, 6 to a mm., edges rather thin, uneven, sometimes dentate, with a tinge of flesh-color under a lens: spores subglobose, smooth, ferruginous, copious, 3-4 w; hyphae ferruginous, 2-3 »; cystidia none. Type collected on Fergus Mountain, Montserrat, West Indies, on a decorticated trunk, Jan- uary 30, 1907, 7. A. Shafer. ; DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 16. FOMITIPORIA Murrill, gen. nov. Hymenophore resupinate, epixylous, perennial, inseparable, rigid: context thin, brown ; tubes brown, stratified, usually thick-walled and entire: spores globose to ellip- soidal, smooth, hyaline ; hyphae usually brown ; cystidia sometimes present. Type species, Fomitiporia Langloisit Murrill. 8 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 9 Hymenophore very large, attaining a thickness of 3-4 cm. Hymenium pallid. 1. F. tropicalis. Hymenium umbrinous. 2. F. dryophila. Hymenophore 1-2 em. thick at maturity. . Hymenium ashy-white when young, discolored with age. 3. F. cubensis. Hymenium some shade of brown. . Tubes thick-walled, very oblique. 4. F. obligutformis. Tubes thin-walled, perpendicular. 5. &. Langlotsit. Hymenophore less than 1 cm. thick at maturity. Hymenium not distinctly stratified. Tubes ferruginous within; species confined to Tsuga. 6. F. tsugina. Tubes fulvous within ; species found on deciduous trees. Temperate species. Tubes whitish-stuffed; spores 4 ; species confined to Prunus. 7. F. prunicola. Tubes yellowish-stuffed ; spores 5-6; species found onoak. 8. F. Zarleae. Tropical species. Context ferruginous-fulvous. 9. F. undulata. _ Context dark-fulvous to latericeous, 10. F. cinchonensis, Hymenium distinctly stratified. Temperate species. Margin becoming tumid and blackish with age. ll. F. pereffusa, Margin not as above. ' ot Mouths of tubes angular, thin-walled. 12. F. Lloydit. Mouths of tubes subcircular, thick-walled. Hymenium very distinctly stratified in many layers, tubes whitish-stuffed. 13. F. laminate. Hymenium less distinctly stratified in 2-3 layers, tubes not whitish-stuffed. . 14. F. ohiensts. Tropical species. : Spores 3-4; cystidia present. 15. F&F. flavomarginaia. Spores 5-7 » ; cystidia none. Tubes very distinctly and evenly stratified, edges thin ; spores . Me 16. F. jamaicensis. Tubes unevenly stratified, edges thick ; spores 5-6 nu. 17. #. Maxont, 1. Fomitiporia tropicalis (Cooke) Murrill. Fomes tropicalis Cooke, Grevillea 15: 22. 1886. Broadly effused, separable, at least with age, rigid, woody, 15-50 cm. long, 5-10 cm. broad, 14 cm. thick; margin rounded, determinate, entire or slightly undulate, smooth, white, becoming fuliginous and subshining with age: context inconspicuous, pale-fuscous ; hymenium convex, even, pallid; tubes distinctly stratified in several layers, which tend to separate with age, 5-8 mm. long each season, avellaneous within, the older layers tinted with isabelline, mouths very regular, circular, minute, 7-8 to a mm., edges thick, entire: spores subglobose, smooth, hyaline, 4“; hyphae subhyaline to avellaneous; cystidia none. TYPE LOCALITY: Demerara, Guiana. HaBitTaT: Dead trunks. DISTRIBUTION: Nicaragua and Jamaica; also in Guiana. 2. Fomitiporia dryophila Murrill, sp. nov. Effused, inseparable, rigid, irregularly elliptical, 2-4 cm. thick; margin obtuse, ele- vated at times, determinate, ferruginous, smooth, becoming blackish and rimose with age: context woody, conspicuous, fulvous; hymenium plane or convex, nearly smooth, fer- ruginous to grayish-umbrinous ; tubes distinctly and several times stratified, 4-8 mm. long each season, fulvous within, somewhat lighter in the more recent layers, mouths subcircular, 6 toamm., edges rather thin-walled, entire to slightly dentate: spores perfectly globose, smooth, thick-walled, hyaline, 7#; hyphae ferruginous, 3-4; cystidia none. Type collected at Back Bay, Mississippi, on a decayed live-oak stump, September 3, 1904, Esther S. Earle. cor DISTRIBUTION: Georgia, Florida, and Mississippi. 3. Fomitiporia cubensis Murrill, sp. nov. Effused, irregular, inseparable, rigid, 1-2.5 cm. thick ; margin obtuse, elevated, nar- rowly sterile, glabrous or finely tomentose, undulate, ashy-white, blackening with age: context conspicuous, umbrinous, punky; hymenium very uneven, colliculose, more or less convex, pure ashy-white when young, discolored when older, distinctly and many times stratified; tubes whitish-stuffed, umbrinous in the older layers, grayish-avellaneous in Parr 1, 1907] POLYPORACEAE 9 recent growths, about 3 mm. long each season, mouths circular, 4 to ‘amm., edges obtuse, rigid, entire: spores globose, ovoid, smooth, hyaline, 4-5” long; hyphae subhyaline to pale-brown, 3-4; cystidia none. Type collected at Ciego de Avila, Cuba, on an old log in a field, March 21, 1905, #. S. Earle SW. A. Murrill 627. DISTRIBUTION : Cuba and Costa Rica. 4. Fomitiporia obliquiformis Murrill, sp. nov. Broadly effused, inseparable, irregular, rigid, heavy, 5-15 mm. thick; margin thin, adnate, narrow, ferruginous-fulvous, finely tomentose, slightly undulate: context incon- spicuous, ferruginous; hymenium convex, undulate, fulvous to avellaneous, very indis- tinctly stratified; tubes very oblique, 2-4 mm. long each season, ferruginous-fulvous and somewhat whitish-stuffed within, mouths oblique, subcircular, 4 to a mm., edges rather thick, entire : spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 6“; hyphae ferruginous; cystidia none. Type collected near Cincinnati, Ohio, on hardwood logs, September 20, 1887, 4. P. Morgan 30. DISTRIBUTION: Pennsylvania and Ohio. 5. Fomitiporia Langloisii Murrill, sp. nov. Effused, irregular, inseparable, rigid, 0.5-2 cm. thick ; margin thin, adnate, subbyssoid, sterile, luteous: context inconspicuous, fulvous; hymenium plane to convex, usually very uneven, distinctly and several times stratified, the young pores luteous, changing to ful- vous and finally umbrinous with a smoky pruinosity; tubes 2-3 mm. long each season, whitish-stuffed and avellaneous within, the layers separated by very thin cushions of ferru- ginous mycelium, mouths angular, 6 toa mm., edges thin, entire: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 5-6; hyphae luteous; cystidia none. Type collected near St. Martinsville, Louisiana, on decaying pieces of deciduous wood in low woods, November 12, 1897, 4. B. Langlots 2525. DISTRIBUTION: South Carolina, Florida, Alabama, and Louisiana. 6. Fomitiporia tsugina Murrill, sp. nov. Broadly effused, irregular," adnate, seceding at times with age, rigid, of rather light weight, 5-10 mm. thick; margin thin, adnate, irregular, narrowly sterile, ferruginous-ful- vousp finely tomentose: context quite conspicuous, ferruginous, fibrous; hymenium plane or concave, somewhat uneven, ferruginous to subfuliginous, suffused with a grayish pru- inosity; tubes indistinctly stratified, 2-4 mm. long each season, somewhat whitish-stuffed, ferruginous within, mouths circular, 4-5 toa mm., edges thick, entire: spores subglobose, smooth, hyaline, 6-8; hyphae ferruginous, 344; cystidia none. Type collected at Hebron, New Hampshire, on a dead hemlock trunk, August 6-19, 1905, Percy Witson, ; DISTRIBUTION : New Hampshire and New York. 7. Fomitiporia prunicola Murrill, sp. nov. Broadly effused, extending many meters at times on standing trunks, inseparable, rigid, 3-6 mm. thick; margin thin, adnate, determinate, rarely seceding with age, nearly gla- brous, sterile, luteous to fulvous, entire or undulate: context conspicuous, fulvous; hyme- _nium even or undulate, ferruginous to dark-fulvous, at length ashy-white and finally black- ish-umbrinous in old weathered specimens; tubes indistinctly and several times stratified, whitish-stuffed and dark-fulvous within, 1-2 mm. long each season, usually oblique, mouths circular, minute, punctiform, 6-7 to amm., edges thick, entire: spores subglobose, smooth, hyaline, 3.5-4.5 #; hyphae ferruginous, 3 #; cystidia none. Type collected at ‘‘Camp Sunday,’’ Medford township, Piscataquis County, Maine, on dead trunks of Prunus-pennsylvanica, August 28, 1905, W. A. Murrill 1922. DISTRIBUTION: Maine, New Hampshire, and Ontario. 8. Fomitiporia Earleae Murrill, sp. nov. Effused, subcircular or elongate and irregular, inseparable, rigid, 4-8 mm. thick ; margin thin, adnate, narrow, sterile, irregular, flavous to ferruginous: context thin, fer- ruginous to fulvous; hymenium convex, even or undulate, refracting the light, flavous- 10 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 ferruginous to isabelline and finally pale-umbrinous, indistinctly stratified; tubes fulvous within, stuffed with pale-yellowish mycelium, 2-3 mm. long each season, mouths subcircu- lar, 5-6 toa mm., edges rather thick, entire: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, copious, 5-6 #; hyphae ferruginous; cystidia none. Z Type collected at Biloxi, Mississippi, on dead oak branches, September 13, 1904, Esther S. arle 65. DISTRIBUTION: Florida, Mississippi, and Texas. 9. Fomitiporia undulata Murrill, sp. nov. Effused, inseparable, irregular, rigid, woody, 2-5 mm. thick; margin thin, adnate, undulate, narrowly sterile, flavous to ferruginous, tomentose: context conspicuous, ferru- ginous-fulvous ; hymenium undulate, plane or concave, avellaneous, sometimes cinereous near the margin, indistinctly stratified in two or three layers; tubes oblique, 1-1.5 mm. long each season, whitish-stuffed, avelianeous to umbrinous within, mouths angular, 3-4 to a mm., edges thin, firm, entire, slightly tinged with flesh-color: spores ovoid, smooth, hyaline, 5 4; hyphae luteous, 3-4 u; cystidia none. Type collected near Punta Gorda, British Honduras, on the under side of a decayed log, October, 1906, Morton E. Peck. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 10. Fomitiporia cinchonensis Murrill, sp. nov. Broadly effused, irregular, inseparable, rigid, of medium weight, 3-6 mm. thick; mar- gin thin, adnate, determinate, lobed, very narrowly sterile, flavous-Iuteous when young, brownish-black with age : context conspicuous, dark-fulvous to latericeous ; hymenium con- vex, nearly even, grayish-umbrinous at maturity, melleous when very young, indistinctly stratified in 2-3 layers; tubes slender, whitish-stuffed, avellaneous within, 1-2 mm. long each season, mouths punctiform, circular, 5-6 to a mm., edges thick, entire: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 2-3 «; hyphae ferruginous ; cystidia dark-fulvous, cuspidate, ventricose at the base, 12-18 & 3-5 zu. Type collected at Cinchona, Jamaica, 1650 meters, on decayed deciduous wood, November 2, 1902, F. S. Earle 411, DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 11. Fomitiporia pereffusa Murrill, sp. nov. Broadly effused, immersed, rigid, perennial, 5-7 mm. thick, frequently covering the entire under surface of logs; margin yery narrow, fulvous, puberulent, becoming tumid, somewhat inflexed, glabrous and blackish with age: context fulvous, very thin, scarcely apparent in older specimens; tubes regular, brown and glistening, 6-8 to a mm., several times stratified, the strata distinct and about 2 mm. thick, mouths subcircular, usually oblique, slightly cinereous with age, edges thick, entire: spores smooth, globose, hyaline, 4-5 #; cystidia 15-20 & 5h. ‘an collected at Ohio Pyle, Pennsylvania, on a dead oak log, July 7, 1905, W.A. Murrill DISTRIBUTION: Ontario to Alabama and west to Minnesota. ExsiccaTI: Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 667, Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 2570. 12. Fomitiporia Lloydii Murrill, sp. nov. Effused, elliptical or irregular, inseparable, rigid, rather light in weight, cracking in dried specimens, 5-8 mm. thick; margin thin, adnate, irregular, sterile, scanty, ferrugi- nous, nearly glabrous: context inconspicuous, fulvous; hymenium somewhat uneven, slightly convex, ferruginous to fuliginous, opaque, distinctly stratified in 2-4 layers; tubes 2-4 mm. long each season, umbrinous within, mouths angular or irregular, 5-6 to a mm., edges thin, entire or slightly toothed: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 5-6; hyphae fer- ruginous; cystidia none. Type collected in Ohio, on dead sassafras, C. G. Lloyd 2801. DISTRIBUTION: Ohio. Part 1, 1907] POLYPORACEAE 11 13. Fomitiporia laminata Murrill, sp. nov- Broadly effused, extending many centimeters along branches, inseparable, elongate- elliptical to irregular, rigid, 0.5-1 cm. thick; margin thin, adnate, nearly entire, ferruginous to fulvous, finely tomentose, narrow: context thin, inconspicuous, fulvous; hymenium very smooth, convex, glistening, distinctly and several times stratified, the layers separated by narrow, regular, fulvous lines; tubes 2-3 mm. long each season, usually oblique, whitish-stuffed, grayish-umbrinous within, mouths subcircular, 5 to a mm., edges thick, entire, ferruginous to fulvous, becoming avellaneous to umbrinous with age: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 5“; hyphae ferruginous; cystidia none. Type collected at ‘‘ Camp Sunday,” in Medford township, Piscataquis County, Maine, on dead alder trunks, August 28, 1905, W. A. Murrill 1923. DISTRIBUTION: Maine, New Hampshire, Michigan, and Ontario. 14. Fomitiporia ohiensis Murrill, sp. nov. Broadly effused, separable, irregular, coriaceous to rigid, 5-10 mm. thick; margin thin, broad, adnate, indefinite, finely tomentose, fulvous: context very thin, fulvons, plane, even, subglistening, fulvous to nearly fuliginous, more or less distinctly stratified in 2 or 3 layers, separated by thin fulvous cushions; tubes 2-4 cm. long each season, umbri- nous within, not whitish-stuffed, mouths oblique, subcircular, edges rather thick, entire, fulvous when young, bay-brown when bruised: spores subglobose, smooth, hyaline, 44; hyphae very pale-ferruginous; cystidia none. Type collected in Ohio, on hardwood logs, C. G. Lloyd 3130. DISTRIBUTION : Ohio. 15. Fomitiporia flavomarginata Murrill, sp. nov. Effused, rigid, perennial, 5-7 X10 0.3 cm.; margin thin, flavous, at length black, separating at times from the substratum: context thin, fulvous; tubes distinctly 2-3 times stratified, rigid, regular, nearly circular, 1.5 mm. long each season, 7-8 to a mm , umbri- nous within and without, flavous in the older layers, mouths entire, rather thick-walled, glistening, at length fuliginous: spores smooth, globose, hyaline, thin-walled, copious, 3-4; hyphae ferruginous; cystidia scanty, ferruginous, conical, pointed, 5X 18. Type collected at Alto Cedro, Cuba, on decayed hardwood logs in a dense virgin forest, March 19, 1905, F.S. Harle &@ W. A. Murrill 559, DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 16. Fomitiporia jamaicensis Murrill, sp. nov. Effused, elliptical, seceding with age, rigid, 5 mm. thick; margin thin, adnate, nar- rowly sterile, isabelline to fulvous, nearly glabrous, subentire: context inconspicuous, fulvous; hymenium convex, even, isabelline to umbrinous, distinctly stratified in 3 or 4 layers separated by very thin, fulvous cushions; tubes 2 mm. long each season, whitish- stuffed, avellaneous-umbrinous within, mouths circular, irregular, 5-7 toa mm., edges thin, undulate: spores subglobose, smooth, hyaline, copious, 7“; hyphae bright-ferruginous ; cystidia none. Type collected at Castleton, Jamaica, on a dead grape-fruit tree, October 28, 1902, #. S. Earle 215. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 17. Fomitiporia Maxoni Murrill, sp. nov. Effused, inseparable, narrow, rigid, woody, 5-8 cm. long, 5 mm. thick, mostly confined to crevices in the bark ; margin thin, adnate, irregular, broadly sterile, finely tomentose, ferruginous : context conspicuous, fulvous; hymenium distinctly but unevenly stratified, glistening, changing color with the direction of the light from isabelline-avellaneous to umbrinous ; tubes 1-2 mm. long each season, whitish-stuffed, avellaneous-isabelline within, mouths subcircular to slightly angular, regular, 6 toa mm., edges rather thick, firm, en- tire: spores subglobose, smooth, hyaline, copious, 5-6; hyphae ferruginous, 3-4; cys- tidia none. Type collected in the vicinity of Santo Domingo de San Mateo, Costa Rica, 300 meters, on a decayed hardwood log, May 15-17, 1906, W. R. Maxon 587. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 12 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 DOUBTFUL SPECIES Boletus juglandinus Schw. Schr. Nat. Ges. Leipzig 1: 99. 1822. Described from col- lections made by Schweinitz in North Carolina on trunks of Juglans nigra and Platanus. Types preserved at Philadelphia are immature, showing no spores : cystidia are absent, the hyphae deep-ferruginous. 17. FOMITIPORELLA Murrill, gen. nov. Hymenophore resupinate, epixylous, perennial, inseparable, rigid: context thin, brown ; tubes brown at maturity, stratified, usually thick-walled and entire: spores globose or ovoid, smooth, brown; hyphae brown; cystidia rarely present. Type species, Portia umbrinella Bres. Sporophore ] cm. or more thick. Tubes umbrinous, whitish-stuffed, and uniformly colored throughout. 1. F. betulina. Tubes fulvous and not whitish- stuffed in the dlder layers, avellaneous ; and whitish-stuffed in the recent growth. 2. F. altocedronensts. Sporophore less than 1 cm. thick. : Margin free; cystidia present. 3. F. Demetrionis. Margin adnate; cystidia absent. Hymenium Havous to melleous when young. Tubes thin-walled. Mouths circular; spores 34 n. 4. FF. melleopora. Mouths angular : spores 5-6. 5, F. inermis. Tubes thick-walled. 6. &. Johnsoniana. Hymenium darker, ferruginous to umbrinous. Tubes indistinctly stratified. 7. Fo umbrinella. Tubes distinctly stratified. Margin thin, adnate, ferruginous-fulvous, not blackening with age. 8. &. Langloisiana. Margin thick, somewhat elevated, ferruginous when young, . blackening with age. 9. F. floridana, 1. Fomitiporella betulina Murrill, sp. nov. Broadly effused, inseparable, rigid; margin irregular, finely tomentose and fulvous when young, becoming glabrous, smooth and brown or blackish with age: context very thin, punky, fulvous; hymenium distinctly and many times stratified, 1-3 cm. thick, plane or slightly convex, umbrinous, changing color and refracting the light when young and growing, becoming chestnut-colored with age; tubes slender, 2~3 mm. long each season, partly stuffed with white mycelium, mouths subcircular, 5-6 to a mm., edges thick, obtuse, entire : spores ovoid, smooth, fulvous, 4~5y long ; hyphae fulvous, 3-4; cystidia fulvous, pointed, ventricose, 10-30 # in length. Type collected on Boarstone Mountain, Piscataquis County, Maine, on birch trunks, September 12-14, 1905, W. A, Murrill 2511, DISTRIBUTION : Maine and New Hampshire. 2. Fomitiporella altocedronensis Murrill, sp. nov. Broadly effused, 1-2 cm. thick, inseparable from the matrix; margin tomentose, ferru- ginous, irregular, purplish-discolored in old specimens: context thin, fulvous, ferruginous ; hymenium convex, smooth, distinctly stratified, slightly glistening, ferruginous to fulvous when young, becoming fumous or dark-avellaneous with age; tubes 2-3 mm. long each season, fulvous in the older layers, whitish-stuffed and avellaneous in the growth of recent years, mouths minute, 6 toa mm., punctiform, edges very thick, entire: spores globose, smooth, brown, 5-6“; hyphae ferruginous, 3-4; cystidia scanty, fulvous, conical, slightly ventricose, 15-25 #. Type collected at Alto Cedro, Cuba, on a dead trunk ina low dense virgin forest, March 19-20, 1905, #. S. Earle & WA. Murrill 542. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 3. Fomitiporella Demetrionis Murrill, sp. nov. Effused, inseparable from the matrix; margin determinate, undulate, free, finely tomentose, ferrnginous: context rather thick, punky-fibrous, ferruginous; hymenium nearly plane, distinctly stratified in 2 or 3 layers, 4-7 mm. thick, fulvous when young, castaneous-fuliginous with age; tubes 2-4 mm. long each season, whitish-stuffed, the older Parr 1, 1907] POLYPORACEAE 18 layers isabelline, the more recent avellaneous within, mouths minute, circular, 6-7 toa mm., edges rather thick, entire: spores subglobose, smooth, brown, 3-4; hyphae ferru- ginous; cystidia fulvous, cuspidate, ventricose, 10-20 X 5-7 x. Type collected in Missouri, on dead deciduous wood, August, 1885, C. H. Demetrio 19. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 4. Fomitiporella melleopora Murrill, sp. nov. Effused, inseparable, irregular, rigid, 3-5 mm. thick ; margin thin, undulate, slightly elevated, finely tomentose, flavous: context scarcely visible, fulvous ; hymenium uneven, ‘rather distinctly stratified; tubes 2-4 mm. long each season, fulvous within, mouths circular, nearly regular, 5-6 toa mm., flavous to melleous when young, becoming umbrinous with age, edges thick, entire: spores globose, thin-walled, smooth, pale-ferruginous, copious, 3-4; hyphae ferruginous; cystidia none. Type collected near New Orleans, Louisiana, on dead willow logs in damp woods, February 11, 1886, A. B. Langlois 213. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 5. Fomitiporella inermis (Ellis & Ev.) Murrill. Portia inermis Ellis & Ev. Proc. Acad. Phila. 1894: 322. 1894. Widely effused, inseparable, seceding with age, much elongated, corky, rigid, thin the first year, but reviving two or three years and attaining a thickness of 5 mm. or more; margin thin, adnate, determinate, undulate or lobed, conspicuous, sterile, nearly glabrous, flavous to ferruginous, becoming reddish-brown with age: context inconspicuous, fulvous; hymenium umbrinous to fuliginous, uneven, brightly glistening, 2-4 times stratified; tubes 1.5-2.5 mm. long each season, fulvous to bay within, mouths angular, regular, 4 toa mm., edges thin, entire, sometimes uneven: spores globose to ovoid, smooth, ferruginous, 5; cystidia none. TYPE LOCALITY: Newfield, New Jersey. HABITAT: Dead branches of various deciduous trees and shrubs. DISTRIBUTION : Eastern Canada to Louisiana and west to Michigan. ExsiccaTi: Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 323. 6. Fomitiporella Johnsoniana Murrill, sp. nov. Effused, inseparable, suborbicular to irregular, rigid, 5 mm. or more thick; margin thin, flavous, narrowly sterile, undulate, nearly glabrous: context distinctly visible, 2-3 mmm. thick in some places, fulvous, corky; hymenium uneven, stratified; tubes varying in length, 1-4 mm. long each season, avellaneous-umbrinous within, fulvous-tinted in the older layers, mouths angular, 5-6 toa mm., edges thin, entire or slightly dentate, flavous when young, becoming Iuteous and finally umbrinous at maturity: spores globose, smooth, brownish, 3-42; hyphae ferruginous; cystidia none. Type collected at Ann Arbor, Michigan, on rotten deciduous logs, September 8, 1894, Z. WV. Johnson 1764. DISTRIBUTION : Michigan. 7. Fomitiporella umbrinella (Bres.) Murrill. Poria umbrinella Bres. Hedwigia 35: 282. 1896. Broadly effused, inseparable from the matrix; margin undulate, opaque, hispid-tomen- tose, castaneous to umbrinous : context scarcely visible, brown, membranous ; hymenium indistinctly stratified, umbrinous, ferruginous-tinted when young, convex, smooth, glisten- ing; tubes long and slender, 5-10 mm., whitish-stuffed in the older layers, fulvous in the recent growth, mouths nearly circular, 5-6 to a mm., edges rather obtuse, entire: spores globose, deep-ferruginous, smooth, 4-5; hyphae ferruginous, 2-3; cystidia none. TYPE LOCALITY : State of Santa Catharina, Brazil. HasBitTat: Dead wood. DISTRIBUTION : Jamaica; also in Brazil. 8. Fomitiporella Langloisiana Murrill, sp. nov. Effused, inseparable, subelliptical, irregular with age, rigid, 2-5 mm. thick; margin thin, adnate, irregular, narrow, ferruginous-fulvous : context very thin, fulvous ; hymenium 14 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 9 somewhat uneven, distinctly stratose; tubes 2-3 mm. long each season, fulvous and some- what whitish-stuffed within, mouths circular, regular, 6 to a mm., ferruginous when young, fulvous-umbrinous with age, refracting the light, edges rather thick, entire : spores subglo- bose, smooth, ferruginous, copious, 3.5-4.54; hyphae ferruginous; cystidia none. Type collected near St. Martinsville, Louisiana, on decaying logs in swampy woods, December 14, 1895, A. B. Langlois 2430. DISTRIBUTION : Louisiana. 9. Fomitiporella floridana Murrill, sp. nov. Broadly effused, rigid, inseparable, 4-7 mm. thick; margin determinate, narrow, ferru- ginous when young, blackish with age: context almost invisible, brown; hymenium nearly plane, distinctly stratified ; tubes 1.5-3 mm. long each season, fulvous and whitish-stuffed within, mouths angular, 5-6 to a mm., grayish-umbrinous, edges thin, entire or slightly uneven: spores globose, smooth, ferruginous, copious, 3-4; hyphae ferruginous; cystidia none. Type collected in Florida, on dead deciduous wood, January, 1887, W. W. Calkins 850. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 18. TINCTOPORIA Murrill, gen. nov. Hymenophore resupinate, epixylous, annual: context inconspicuous, the mycelium staining the substratum a deep orange-red ; tubes exceedingly minute, thin-walled, black : spores smooth, ovoid, hyaline; cystidia none. Type species, 7inctoporia aurantiotingens Murrill. 1. Tinctoporia aurantiotingens (Ellis & Macbr.) Murrill, sp. nov. Poria Fuligo aurantiotingens Ellis & Macbr. Bull. Lab. Nat. Hist. Univ. Iowa 3?: 191. 1896. Hymenophore totally resupinate, imbedded, inseparable from the matrix, exceedingly thin, the mycelium imparting a deep orange-red stain to the underlying wood; tubes about 30 # long and 50 # broad, black, thin-walled, angular, entire: spores smooth, ovoid, hya- line, 2.5-3.5 #; cystidia none. Type collected in Mexico, on decayed hardwood logs, in 1891, Charles L. Smith. DISTRIBUTION : Mexico. 19. MELANOPORELLA Murrill, gen. nov. Hymenophore resupinate, epixylous, annual: context soft and punky, chocolate-brown ; tubes of medium size, irregular, rigid, thin-walled, concolorous at maturity, the mouths at length darker: spores smooth, thick-walled, brown ; hyphae brown ; cystidia none. Type species, Polyporus carbonaceus Berk. & Curt. 1. Melanoporella carbonacea (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Polyporus carbonaceus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 317. 1868. Broadly effused, inseparable, of light weight, somewhat flexible, corky, 3-8 mm. thick ; margin thin, somewhat elevated, tomentose, undulate, chestnut-colored : context conspicu- ous, 1-2mm., thick, punky, dull bay-brown; hymenium uneven, proliferous at times, nearly black, with a tinge of bay; tubes large, angular, somewhat irregular, 1-2 toa mm., edges thin, dentate: spores smooth, thick-walled, brown, with a large central vacuole, 9-104; hyphae dark-brown ; cystidia none. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. HABITAT: Dead trunks. DISTRIBUTION: Cuba. 20. MELANOPORIA Murrill, gen. nov. Hymenophore resupinate, epixylous, perennial: context firm, fibrous, fuliginous, with a horny black layer next to the substratum; tubes small, regular, thin-walled, stratose, fuliginous within, the mouths black : spores smooth, ovoid, black; hyphae black or fulig- inous; cystidia not present. Type species, Polyporus niger Berk. Parr 1, 1907] POLYPORACEAE 15 1. Melanoporia nigra (Berk.) Murrill. Polyporus niger Berk. Lond. Jour. Bot. 4: 304. 1845. Broadly effused, inseparable, rigid, heavy, 0.5-2.5 cm. thick; margin sterile, nearly smooth, slightly elevated at times, adnate, irregular, black : context thin, fuliginous, firm, with a horny black layer next to the substratum; hymenium distinctly stratified, uneven, black ; tubes 2-4 mm. long each season, fuliginous within, mouths small, regular, thin- walled, 4toa mm., edges entire: spores smooth, ovoid, thick-walled, black, 74.54; hyphae black or dark-brown ; cystidia none. TYPE LOCALITY : Ohio. te HaBiItTaT: Dead oak trunks or stumps. DISTRIBUTION: South Carolina, Ohio, Missouri, and Wisconsin. Exsiccatr: Rav. Fungi Car. 1: 20. 21. IRPICIPORUS Murrill, Bull. Torey Club 32: 471. 1905. Hymenophore annual, epixylous, sessile, effused-reflexed, white or pallid throughout ; surface anoderm, glabrous or velvety, not distinctly zonate, margin acute: context white, coriaceous or corky ; hymenium hydnoid or irpiciform, with traces of shallow obsolete tubes near the margin: spores smooth, hyaline. Type species, /rpex mollis Berk. & Curt. Margin of pileus cirrhose ; pileus glabrous, 2 mm. thick. 1. L. cubensis. Margin of pileus not cirrhose. Teeth 1 cm. or more long; pileus usually large and thick. 2. I. mollis, Teeth less than 0.5 cm. long; pileus thin and shortly reflexed. 3. I. lacteus. 1. Irpiciporus cubensis (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Irpex cubensis Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 326. 1868. Pileus reniform, sessile, 0.5-0.7 X 1.5 X 0.2 cm.; surface glabrous, radiate-lineate, white to isabelline, azonate, smooth ; margin deflexed, cirrhose, concolorous: context white, fragile, less than 1 mm. thick ; tubes 1-1.5mm. long, white to discolored, 3-4 to a mm., very soon splitting into teeth, which are compressed, pointed and dentate: spores! not examined. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. HasiratT: Dead wood. . DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 2. Irpiciporus mollis (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 471. 1905. Irbex mollis Berk. & Curt. Jour. Bot. & Kew Misc. 1: 236. 1849. Irpex crassus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Bot. & Kew Misc. 1: 236. 1849. (Type from North Carolina, on a decaying oak.) Pileus sessile, dimidiate, imbricate, decurrent, 34 481-3 cm.; surface white, finely pubescent, azonate, sulcate at times, often aculeate behind with age: context white, coriaceous, 1-5 mm. thick; tubes soon splitting into teeth, which are 1-2 cm. long, com- pressed to subulate, slender, more or less pointed, dentate or incised, puberulent to gia- brous, white to pale flesh-colored, about 1 mm. apart at the base: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 5-7 #; hyphae 6 4; cystidia none. TYPE LOCALITY: Santee river, South Carolina. HABITAT: Dead deciduous wood. DISTRIBUTION : Temperate North America. ExsiIccati : Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi320,; Ellis, Ev. & Barth. Fungi Columb. 1735. 3. Irpiciporus lacteus (Fries) Murrill. Sistotrema lacteum Fries, Obs. Myc. 2: 266. pl. 6, f. 1. 1818. Boletus Tulipiferae Schw. Schr. Nat. Ges. Leipzig 1: 99. 1822. (Type from North Carolina.) Irpex sinuosus Fries, Elench. Fung. 1: 145. 1828. (Type from Sweden, on fallen oak branches.) Trpex Aiea Fries, Epicr. Myc. 522. 1838. Clyne from North America, on trunks of Livio- dendron.) Irpex Tulipiferae Fries, Epicr. Myc. 523. 1838. Irpiciporus Tulipiferae ‘Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 472. 1905. 1 The spore-characters of many of the species treated in the following pages have been obtained for me by Mr. Guy West Wilson. It has been impossible to examine the spores in many of the older type specimens, and in some specimens spores could not be found. 16 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 9 Pileus extensively effused, shortly reflexed, imbricate, sessile, dimidiate, laterally con- nate, 0-1.5 x 14 0.1-0.2 cm.; surface white, subzonate, concentrically furrowed in large specimens, villose ; margin very thin, deflexed, undulate to lobed: context white, membranous, less than 1 mm. thick; tubes short, irregular, white to isabelline, 1-3 mm. long, mouths angular, about 2 to a mm., edges uneven, soon splitting into teeth, which are compressed, pointed, fimbriate, dentate to incised: spores cylindrical, slightly curved, smooth, hyaline, 6-7 < 2-3 #; hyphae septate, 2-3 4; basidia 16-20 n. TYPE LOCALITY: Sweden. Hasitat: Dead deciduous wood. ; DISTRIBUTION : North America; also in Europe and Asia. _ . ExsiccaTi: Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 107,319; Thiim. Myc. Univ. 205, 1208; Shear, N. Y. Fungi 46; Rav. Fungi Car. 1: 26; Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 20/6, 2310; Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. J; Romell, Fungi Scand. 20; Barth. Fungi Columb. 2327. DOUBTFUL SPECIES Irpex pityreus Berk. & Curt. Grevillea 1: 102. 1872. Described from specimens col- lected by Bennett in Rhode Island. The types at Kew are small and discolored, leaving their identity in doubt. 22. PORONIDULUS Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 425. 1904. Hymenophore annual, tough, sessile, epixylous, at first sterile and cup-like, the fertile portion developing from the sterile: context white, fibrous; tubes short, thin-walled, mouths polygonal: spores ellipsoidal, smooth, hyaline. Type species, Boletus conchifer Schw. 1. Poronidulus conchifer (Schw.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 426. 1904. Boletus conchifer Schw. Schr. Nat. Ges. Leipzig 1: 98. 1822. Boletus virgineus Schw. Schr, Nat. Ges. Leipzig 1: 98. 1822. (Type from North Carolina.) Pileus thin, coriaceous, dimidiate to flabelliform, usually narrowly attached, conchate, springing from a sterile, cup-like structure, which usually appears on the mature sporo- phore, near the base, 1.5-2 « 2-4 0.1-0.2 cm.; surface white to isabelline, with pale- latericeous zones, finely tomentose to glabrous, the sterile portion avellaneous, with narrow, black, concentric lines; margin thin, concolorous, undulate: context very thin, membran- ous, white, less than 1 mm. in thickness; tubes short, about 1 mm. long, thin-walled, white, mouths angular, irregular, 3 to a mm., edges thin, uneven, dentate: spores ellip- soidal, smooth, hyaline. 7 TYPE LOCALITY: North Carolina, Hapitat: Fallen branches and dead limbs of elm. DISTRIBUTION : Eastern Canada to Alabama and west to Kansas. Exsiccati: Rav. Fungi Am. 704; Rav. Fungi Car. 3: 27; Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 1303, Rab.- Wint. Fungi Eur. 3429. 23. CORIOLUS Quél. Ench. Fung. 175. 1886. Hansenia Karst. Medd. Soc. Faun. Fl. Fenn. 5: 39. 1879. Not Hansenia Turcz. 1844. Cyclomycetella Murrill; Bull. Torrey Club 31: 422. 1904, Hymenophore annual, epixylous, sessile, zonate, anoderm, hairy or glabrous: context thin, white, flexible, fibrous, leathery; tubes thin-walled, white, at length splitting into irpiciform teeth in several species, mouths polygonal or irregular: spores smooth, hyaline. Type species, Polyporus zonatus Fries. Tubes more or less entire, at least until the sporophore is quite old. Surface of pileus wholly or partly glabrous when mature or clothed only with inconspicuous hairs. Pileus not entirely glabrous at maturity. Pileus marked at maturity with glabrous zones of a different color from the rest of the surface. Glabrous zones large, numerous, conspicuously and variously colored. ' 1. C. versicolor. Glabrous zones small and comparatively inconspicuous. Surface villose between the zones, which are late in appear- ing; plants small, 1-2 cm. in diameter, 2. C. hirsutulus. Par? 1, 1907] POLYPORACEAE Surface minutely pubescent or tomentose between the zones ; plants usually much larger. Hymenium white or yellowish. Tubes small, 5 toamm., perfectly regular andentire. 3. Tubes twice as large, often irregular from splitting ; glabrous zones late in appearing and sometimes absent. 4. Hymenium umbrinous or fuscous. Hymenium umbrinous ; surface opaque, with very few zones. Sy Hymenium fuscous; surface shining, multizonate. 6. Pileus not marked with glabrous zones, but nearly uniform in color and rarely shining. Sporophore semiresupinate, narrowly reflexed. Tubes 1 cm. or more in length. 7. Tubes only a few millimeters long. Tubes jarge, hexagonal, 1 mm. broad. 8. Tubes minute, circular to angular, 5-7 to a mm. 9. Sporophore normally pileate, sometimes decurrent. Surface entirely devoid of zones or concentric furrows. Surface somewhat zonate or concentrically furrowed. Margin broadly sterile, the sterile zone about 2 mm. broad, 11 Margin fertile or narrowly sterile. Surface milk-white, concentrically furrowed. 12 Surface avellaneous, with isabelline zones. 13 Pileus entirely glabrous at maturity. Surface brown or blackish, multizonate. Pileus marked with brown and black zones; temperate species. Pileus marked with brown and tawny zones ; tropical species. 15. Surface white to isabelline, sometimes with darker spots or lines, but light-colored in general appearance. Hymenium lilac-colored, often faded in herbarium specimens. 16. Hymenium white or yellowish, sometimes discolored. Margin of pileus entire or lobed, not becoming fimbriate or lacerate at maturity. Pileus extremely thin, less than 1 mm., very flexible. 17. Pileus not as above. Surface and tubes milk-white throughout, even in dried specimens. Surface white or yellowish, rarely tinged with bay behind; tubes becoming yellowish or tawny. Context punky, 2-3 mm. thick; tubes 6 toa mm. 19. Context fibrous, 1mm. thick ; tubes 7-8 toamm. 20. Context fleshy-tongh, 1-3 mm, thick; tubes 4-5 toamm.; pileus almost brittle when dry. 21. Surface isabelline or pale-fulvous, multizonate, the zones ustially pale-latericeous. Surface rough, scabrous. 22. Surface very smooth and glabrous. Surface isabelline-fulvous throughout; hy- menium becoming fulvous. 23. Surface isabelline in front with pale-lateri- ceous zones, latericeous behind ; hymenium becoming pale-isabelline. Margin of pileus very thin, becoming fimbriate or lacerate at maturity. Tubes large, 2-3 toa mm., margin fimbriate. 25. Tubes only half as large, margin lacerate. 26. Surface of pileus clothed entirely with a conspicuous hairy covering. Pileus 0.5 cm. or more in thickness and several centimeters broad. Surface roughly hirsute. 27, Surface finely hirtose-tomentose. Pileus much thinner. Hymenium becoming wholly or partly fuscous ; tubes broad and very shallow. . Surface latericeous-fulvous, except near the margin. Surface white to cinereous or isabelline. Tubes regular in shape and size ; plants tropical. Tubes irregular both in size and shape; plants confined to the southern United States. Hymenium not becoming fuscous. Hymenium lilac-colored ; plant minute. Hymenium white or slightly discolored. . Surface more or less purple, marked with a few concen- tric lines. . . Surface white to cinereous, marked with numerous con- centric lines. 29. 18. 28. 30. 17 C. eclypus. C. pubescens. C. alabamensis. C. sector. C. subluteus. C. hexagoniformis. C. depauperatus. . C, pallidofulvellus. . C. limitatus. . C, delectans. . C. balsameus. 14. C. planellus. C. armenicolor. C. brachypus. . haedinus, . Substipitatus. lena ochrotinctellus, . Lloydit. j letodermus. concentricus. Drummondit. . membranaceus. C. nigromarginatus. C. subchartaceus, C. fulvo-umbrinus. C. pinsitus. 31. C. sericeohirsutus. 32. C. sublilacinus. 33. C. sculatus. 34. C. pavonius. 18 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 9 Tubes soon breaking up into long irpiciform teeth. Plants large, 6-20 cm. wide and 5-10 mm. thick. Pileus 5-10 cm. broad, surface fibrillose-tomentose. 35. C. biformis. Pileus 10-20 cm. broad, surface roughly villose-tomentose. 36. C. maximus. Plants much smaller and always very thin. Pileus 1 cm. or less broad ; plants confined to the tropics. . Pileus flabelliform, glabrous. 37. C. sobrius. — Pileus subcampanulate, pendulous, eTUMpent; finely tomentose. 38. C. cyphellordes. Pileus more than 1 cm. broad. woe Surface ashy-white, villose; plants confined to coniferous wocd. 39. C. abtedinus. Surface wood-colored, tomentose ; plant found on both deciduous : and coniferous wood. 40. C. prolificans. 1. Coriolus versicolor (1,.) Quél. Ench. Fung. 175, 1886. Boletus versicolor ¥,, Sp. Pl. 1176. 1753. Polyporus versicolor Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 369. 1821. Polystictus azureus Fries, Nov. Symb. 93. 1851. (Type from Mexico.) Pileus densely imbricate, very thin, sessile, dimidiate, econchate, 2-4 3-7 x 0.1-0.2 cm.; surface smooth, velvety, shining, marked with conspicuous, glabrous zones of various colors, mostly latericeous, bay or black; margin thin, sterile, entire: context thin, mem- branous, fibrous, white; tubes punctiform, less than 1 mm. long, white to isabelline within, mouths circular to angular, regular, even, 4-5 toa mm., edges thick and entire, becoming thin and dentate, white, glistening, at length opaque-isabelline or slightly umbrinous: spores allantoid, smooth, hyaline, 4-6 1-2; hyphae 2-6; cystidia none. TYPE LOCALITY: Europe. Hapitat: Dead wood. DISTRIBUTION : Cosmopolitan. EXsICccATI: Ellis, N. Am. Fungi7, 2304; Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 307; Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 2509; Rav. Fungi Car.1: 74; Rav. Fungi Am, 2/1; Shear, N. Y. Fungi 39 ; Romell, Fungi Scand. 74; Linhart, Fungi Hung. 148 ; Sydow, Myc. Mar. 1708 ; Thiim. Fungi Austr. 9/6 ; Krieger, Fungi Sax. 718 ; Cavara, Fungi ‘Longob. iS. 2. Coriolus hirsutulus (Schw.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 643. 1906. Polyporus hirsutulus Schw. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. II. 4: 156. 1832. Pileus small, thin, coriaceous, conchate, sessile or umbonate-afixed, dimidiate, 0.5-0.8 X1-1.5 X 0.1-0.2 cm. ; surface smooth, azonate or narrowly zoned, conspicuously strigose- hoary, the zones glabrous and yellowish-brown: margin thin, inflexed, becoming fimbriate: context thin, white, fibrous; tubes punctiform, less than 1 mm. long, white to pallid within, mouths regular, slightly angular, 4-5 to a mm., edges thin, entire to slightly dentate: spores smooth, hyaline. TYPE LOCALITY: Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. HABITAT: Dead branches of Sassafras and certain other kinds of deciduous wood. DISTRIBUTION: Eastern Canada to Louisiana and west to Ohio. 3. Coriolus ectypus (Berk. & Curt.) Pat. Tax. Hymén. 94. 1900. Polyporus ectypus Berk, & Curt. Grevillea 1: 52. 1872. Pileus tough, rigid or slightly flexible, imbricate, sessile or umbonate-sessile, dimidiate, conchate, 3-7 4-8 X0.5-0.7 cm.; surface finely tomentose to nearly glabrous, smooth, pale-isabelline with pale-rufous zones ; margin thin, entire, sterile: context punky, white, zonate, 24 mm. thick; tubes 2-3 mm. long, white within, mouths circular to slightly angular, very regular, 4-5 to a mm., edges thick, entire, pallid, becoming thin, slightly dentate, glistening and pale-avellaneous at maturity: spores ellipsoidal, smooth, hyaline,__- 2X3; hyphae 3; cystidia none. TYPE LOCALITY: South Carolina. Hapsitat: Dead deciduous wood. DISTRIBUTION: South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, and Louisiana. ExsiccaTt: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 2017; Rav. Fungi Am. 716. 4. Coriolus pubescens (Schum.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 645. 1906. Boletus pubescens Schum. Enum. Pl. Saell. 2: 384. 1803. Polyporus pubescens Fries, Obs. Myc. 1: 126. 1815. Parr 1, 1907] POLYPORACEAE 19 Polyporus Sullivantii Mont. Ann. Sci. Nat. II. 18: 243. 1842. (Type from Ohio.) Leptoporus pubescens Pat. Tax. Hymén. 84. 1900. Pileus rather thick, imbricate, laterally connate, sessile, dimidiate or flabelliform, con-, chate, 3-5 X4-8 X 0.2-0.4 em.; surface white, zonate, hirtose-villose to nearly glabroug,’ findly radiate-lineate in front at times, often radiately-furrowed or slightly plicate; margit at times thin, but usually obtuse, somewhat inflexed : context thin, white, fibrous, 1-2 mm. thick ; tubes white, 2-4 mm. long, mouths angular, regular, 2-3 to amm., edges very thin, entire to denticulate, white .to discolored: spores cylindrical, subcurved, smooth, hyaline, 6-8 X 2-3 » ; hyphae 4-5 #; cystidia none. TYPE LOCALITY: Sweden. HasitaT: Decaying deciduous wood. DISTRIBUTION: Ontario to New York, Ohio, and Iowa; also in Europe. EXSICccaTr: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 1933 Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 803; Shear, N. Y. Fungi 33. 5. Coriolus alabamensis Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus thin, densely imbricate, rigid when dry, sessile, dimidiate, convex above, con- cave below, 2X 3-4 < 0.1-0.2 em.; surface hirtose-tomentose, isabelline, opaque, with 1-3 concentric, nearly glabrous, avellaneous to fuliginous, depressed zones near the margin, which ‘is thin, sterile, pallid, somewhat plicate, and entire to undulate: context thin, white, fibrous; tubes punctiform, less than 1 mm. long, white to pallid within, mouths angular, rather irregular, 3-5 to a mm., edges thin, entire, white to avellaneous, sometimes umbri- nous in dried specimens: spores smooth, hyaline. Type collected at Auburn, Alabama, on dead wood, April, 1897, F. S. Earle & C. F. Baker 12. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 6. Coriolus sector (Ehrenb.) Pat. Tax. Hymén. 94. 1900. Boletus sector Ehrenb. Horae Phys. Berol. 86. 1820. Polyporus Friesti Klotzsch, Linnaea 8: 487. 1833. Polyporus floridanus Berk. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 10: 376. 1843. (Type from Florida.) Polystictus Oniscus Fries, Nov. Symb. 82. 1851. (Type from Mexico.) ? Polystictus Ravenelit Berk. & Fr.; Fries, Nov. Symb. 82. 1851. (Type from South Carolina.) Polyporus ludens Speg. Anal, Soc. Ci. Argent. 17: 44. 1884. (Type from Paraguay.) Polystictus nebularis Cooke, Grevillea 15: 23. 1886. (Type from Brazil.) Coriolus floridanus Pat. Tax. Hymén. 94. 1900. Pileus rather thin, flexible, flabelliform, often spuriously short-stipitate, imbricate, laterally connate, 24+ & 3-6 X 0.1-0.2 cm.; surface multizonate, finely radiate-striate, often plicate, silky, usually shining, more or less tomentose near the base, avellaneous to isa- belline; margin entire to fimbriate or deeply dissected, sometimes palmate: context thin, coriaceous, avellaneous, about 0.5 mm. thick ; tubes 0.5-1 mm. long, avellaneous within, mouths angular, irregular, very variable in size, 2-6 toa mm., edges thin, dentate to lan- ceolate, avellaneous to fuliginous: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 3.5-5 w; hyphae 4 4. TYPE LOCALITY: Southern Brazil. HABITAT: Dead wood. DisTRIBUTION : South Carolina to the West Indies, and Central America; also in Brazil. ILLUSTRATIONS: Ehrenb. loc. cit. pi. 18, f. 6; Klotzsch, loc. cit. pl. 11. ExsiccaTr: Ule, Myc. Bras. 46; Rav. Fungi Car. 1: 77; Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 601; Rav. Fungi Am. 7. 7. Coriolus subluteus (Ellis & Ev.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 646. 1906. Polyporus subluteus Ellis & Ev. Am. Nat. 31: 339. 1897. Pileus broadly effused, narrowed reflexed, thick, white, subimbricate, the reflexed portion 0-2 2-4 0.5-1 cm.; surface smooth, tomentose, indistinctly zonate; margin obtuse, undulate: context soft and spongy, white, 3-5 mm. thick; hymenium uneven, subcolliculose ; tubes circular to angular or slightly sinuous, 5-10 mm. long, white within, mouths large, 2-3 toa mm., edges thin, white to yellowish, entire to slightly toothed: spores oblong, slightly pointed, smooth, hyaline, 4-6 x 1.5-24. TYPE LOCALITY: Canada. HasiTaT: Dead beech trunks. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 20 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLumE 9 8. Coriolus hexagoniformis Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus resupinate, effused, narrowly reflexed, white throughout, slightly stramineous in dried specimens, 0-0.3 2-4 X0.1-0.2 cm.; surface soft, nearly glabrous, azonate; margin thin, irregular, lobed, sometimes inflexed: context thin, white, fibrous; tubes large, shallow, about 1 mm. deep, mouths hexagonal, quite regular, 1 mm. in diameter, edges thin, entire or slightly dentate: spores smooth, hyaline. Type collected at Auburn, Alabama, on dead pine branches, December 15, 1900, /. S. Zarle. DISTRIBUTION : Alabama. 9. Coriolus depauperatus (Pat.) Murrill. Polystictus depauperatus Pat. Jour. de Bot. 3: 166. 1889. Pileus widely effused, narrowly reflexed, very thin, soft, spongy, flexible, the reflexed portion 0-5 mm. broad, 1 mm. or less thick; surface white, spongy-tomentose, azomate ; margin very thin, concolorous, broadly sterile at times: context white, membranous ; tubes punctiform, very short, white within, mouths circular to slightly angular, 5 to a mm., edges thin, entire to dentate, white, becoming very pale-yellowish on drying : spores smooth, hyaline. TYPE LOCALITY: Puerto Cerico, Venezuela. HaBitaT: Trunks of trees and dead wood in fields. DISTRIBUTION: Cuba; also in Venezuela. 10. Coriolus pallidofulvellus Murrill. Polyporus pallidocervinus Mont. Pl. Cell. Cuba 397. 1842. Not P. pallidocervinus Schw. 1832. Pileus imbricate, sessile, decurrent, dimidiate, conchate, thin, coriaceous, flexible, 1-1.5 X 2-3 &0.1-0.2 cm.; surface isabelline to pale-fulvous, slightly virgate with striate fibers, finely tomentose, azonate; margin thin, subentire, incurved when dry: context punky-fibrous, tough, pallid, less than 1 mm. thick ; tubes very short, less than 1 mm., mouths angular, irregular, flaccid, 2-4 toa mm., edges thin, dentate to lacerate, white to fulyous: spores smooth, hyaline. TYPE LOCALITY : Cuba. HABITAT: Dead wood. DISTRIBUTION : Cuba. 11. Coriolus limitatus (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Trametes limitata Berk. & Curt. Grevillea 1: 66. 1872. — Pileus thin, coriaceous, slightly flexible, applanate, dimidiate to suborbicular, sessile, 2X 2.5-3 & 0.1-0.2 cm.; surface finely tomentose, indistinctly zoned, uniformly dull-isabel- line in dried specimens, smooth or very slightly rugose ; margin acute, entire, sterile for about 2 mm.: context thin, fibrous, very firm, but flexible, 0.5 mm. thick; tubes short, 1 mm. long, tinted with pale-latericeous within, mouths minute, regular, angular, edges very thin, entire to slightly dentate, white, tinged with flesh color: spores not examined. TYPE LOCALITY : New Mexico. HapitatT: Decayed wood. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 12. Coriolus delectans Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus confluent-effused, subimbricate, broadly reflexed and expanded, dimidiate to reniform, applanate or convex above, concave below, very thin, soft and tough, very flexi- ble, 2-4 & 3-6 X 0.1 cm.; surface villose-tomentose, uniformly milk-white, marked with a few indistinct concentric furrows of variable width and depth; margin very thin, flaccid, entire to undulate, rarely lobed: context white, soft, tough, less than 1 mm. thick, tubes punctiform, white, less than 1 mm. long, mouths angular, irregular, 4-5 to a mm., soon lacerate, but not becoming irpiciform, edges very thin, flaccid, lacerate-dentate, white, stramineous in dried specimens: spores smooth, hyaline. Type collected in Alto Cedro, Cuba, on a small dead fallen hardwood trunk in a dense forest, March 20, 1905, F. S. Zarles? W. A. Murrill 431. DISTRIBUTION: Kuown only from the type locality, virgin Part 1, 1907] POLYPORACEAE 21 13. Coriolus balsameus (Peck) Murrill. Polyporus balsameus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 30: 46. 1878. Pileus rather thin, but almost rigid, sessile, dimidiate, conchate, 2 2.5-3 X 0.1-0.3 cm.; surface nearly plane, slightly and unequally villose-tomentose, especially behind, avellaneous, marked with isabelline zones; margin thin, incurved, entire or undulate: context white, fibrous, less than 1 mm. thick ; tubes short, white to pallid within, mouths small, angular, regular, 4-6 to a mm., edges thin, white, denticulate: spores not examined. TYPE LOCALITY: Adirondack Mountains, New York. Hapitat: Trunks of Abdzes balsamea. DisTRIBUTION: New York. 14. Coriolus planellus Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 649. 1906. Polyporus planus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 31: 37. 1879. Not P. planus Wallr. 1833. Pileus very thin, leathery, somewhat fragile, circular to spatulate or flabelliform, nar- rowly attached, decurrent at times, 1-3 X 1.5-2.5 0.05 cm.; surface finely tomentose when young, becoming glabrous and slightly encrusted, conspicuously multizonate, isabel- line to umbrinous with brown or black zones; margin very thin, lobed, often somewhat proliferous: context pallid, membranous; tubes punctiform, white within, often more or less radiately arranged, mouths minute, angular, about 6 to a mm., edges white to slightly yellowish and finally discolored, very thin, easily splitting, denticulate: spores smooth, hyaline. TYPE LOCALITY: North Greenbush, New York. HazitaT: Dead branches of deciduous trees. DISTRIBUTION : Maine, New Hampshire, New York, Iowa, and Missouri. 15. Coriolus armenicolor (Berk. & Curt.) Pat. Tax. Hymén. 94. 1900. Polyporus armenicolor Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 315. 1868. Pileus very thin, flexible, flabelliform, attenuate behind, 2-3 < 1.5-3.5 & 0.1¢em., surface multizonate, minutely longitudinally striate, shining, glabrous, radiately p..cate, at least when dry, isabelline, with fulvous or pale-bay zones; margin very thin, lobed or incised : context membranous, coarsely fibrous, white, less than 1 mm. thick; tubes less than 0.5 mm. long, white to pallid within, mouths angular, minute, 7-8 to a mm., edges very thin, dentate, white when young, glistening, fulvous in dried specimens: spores smooth, hyaline. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. HasitaT: Dead wood. . DISTRIBUTION : Cuba and Jamaica. 16. Coriolus brachypus (Lév.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 646. 1906. Polyporus brachypus Lév. Ann. Sci. Nat. III. 5: 127. 1846. ? Polyporus Feet Fries, Epicr. Myc. 476. 1838. (Type from Brazil.) Polyporus albo-cervinus Berk. Jour. Bot. & Kew Misc. 8: 234. 1856. (Type from Brazil.) ? Polyporus cervino-nitens Schw.; Berk. & Curt. Jour. Acad. Phila. II. 3: 224. 1856. (Type from Surinam.) Coriolus albo-cervinus Pat. Tax. Hymén. 94. 1900. Pileus thin, coriaceous, firm, flexible, imbricate, dimidiate to flabelliform, sessile or attached by a short tubercle, 4-6 X 5-12 X 0.2-0.4 cm.; surface glabrous or nearly so, slightly radiately furrowed, multizonate, pallid to isabelline, usually rose-tinted; margin thin, narrowly sterile, undulate or slightly lobed : context punky-fibrous, pallid, 1-3 mm. thick; tubes pale-roseous within, 2-3 mm. long, very even and regular, mouths slightly angular, 5-6 toa mm., edges thin, slightly dentate, tough, firm, white or rose-tinted when young, becoming avellaneous-roseous at maturity, fading in herbarium specimens: spores smooth, hyaline. ; TYPE LOCALITY: Guadeloupe. HasiTaT: Dead wood. DISTRIBUTION : Tropical America, from Southern Florida tu Brazil. EXSICCATI: Roum. Fungi Sel. 4805 ; Thiim. Myc. Univ. 2106. 22 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 17. Coriolus haedinus (Berk.) Pat. Tax. Hymén. 94. 1900. Polyporus haedinus Berk, Jour. Bot. & Kew Misc. 8: 234. 1856. Polyporus undigerus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 317. 1868. (Type from Cuba.) Pileus very thin and very flexible, almost as thin as paper at times, dimidiate to circu- lar, according to its relation to the substratum, applanate or conchate, laterally connate, decurrent, 1-2 * 2-3 & 0.02-0.05 ecm. ; surface white to slightly yellowish, densely concen- trically furrowed, slightly spongy between the furrows, glabrous; margin thin, undulate to lobed, fertile: context white, membranous; tubes short, less than 1 mm. long, mouths angular, nearly regular, 4-5 to a mm., with a tendency to appear much elongated radially by the partial separation of the transverse walls, edges very thin, fimbriate-dentate: spores smooth, hyaline. TYPE LOCALITY: Brazil. HaBITaT: Dead wood. . DISTRIBUTION : Cuba and Porto Rico; also in Brazil. 18. Coriolus substipitatus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus flabelliform, attached by a short tubercle, applanate, rather thin, flexible, of very light weight, 45-7 x 0.2-0.3 cm.; surface milk-white, opaque, glabrous, somewhat uneven, especially behind, faintly zonate in front; margin acute, concolorous, entire to slightly lobed: context thin, soft, punky, milk-white, 1 mm. thick; tubes 1-1.5 mm. long, white within, firm and elastic, glistening, mouths circular to angular, very regular, 6-7 to atmm., edges thin, entire, white, becoming denticulate with age, slightly yellowish in dried specimens: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 3.54; hyphae 44; cystidia none. Type collected at Port Antonio, Jamaica, on an old log in woods, /. S. Earle 629. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 19. Coriolus subectypus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus imbricate, sessile, flabelliform, rather thin, slightly flexible to rigid, 4-7 * 6-10 0.2-0.4 em.; surface smooth, glabrous, white to pallid, tinged with bay at times behind, indistinctly concentrically furrowed, subshining, finely multizonate; margin thin, undulate to lobed, sometimes inflexed when dry: context white, punky, 2-3 mm. thick; tubes about 1 mm. long, white within, mouths glistening, circular to angular, 6 to a mm., edges very thin, denticulate, white, pale-ochraceous in dried specimens, rather firm when young, be- coming flaccid and wearing away with age: spores ovoid, smooth, hyaline, scanty, 5-6 X 3-4 w; hyphae 3 p, cystidia none. Type collected in Florida, on dead wood, April, 1885, H. A. Rau. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 20. Coriolus hondurensis Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus very thin, slightly flexible, conchate-reniform, sessile, 7 <9>X 0.2-0.3 cm. ; surface radiate-rugose, glabrous, subshining, white to pale-cinereous, with a few very nar- row, slightly darker, concentric lines; margin thin, white, lobed, inflexed on drying: context very thin, white, fibrous, less than 1 mm. thick; tubes 2-3 mm. long, slender, white to pale-isabelline within, mouths minute, angular, regular, glistening, 7-8 toa mm., edges thin, dentate, white to dark-isabelline, fulvous in dried specimens: spores smooth, hyaline. Type collected near Punta Gorda, British Honduras, on dead wood, 1906, Morton E. Peck. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 21. Coriolus ochrotinctellus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus subimbricate, dimidiate or flabelliform, applanate or conchate, sessile to sub- stipitate, rigid, more or less brittle, 2-6 K 3-9 X 0.2-0.5 cm.; surface glabrous, smooth, sub- shining, ochroleucous with ochraceous zones; margin papery-thin, fragile, often incurved, entire or undulate, rarely lobed: context milk-white, fleshy-tough, somewhat friable, 1-3 min, thick; tubes 1-3 mm. long, slender, white to ochroleucous within, mouths very regu- lar, angular, 4-5 to amm., edges thin, entire, white to ochraceous or isabelline: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 3; hyphae 5 »; cystidia none. Type collected at Biloxi, Mississippi, September 10, 1904, on a decayed oak, Esther S. Earle 55. DISTRIBUTION : Mississippi; Cuba. Parr 1, 1907] POLYPORACEAE 23 22. Coriolus Lloydii Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus rather thin, laterally connate, rigid, tough, cuneate to flabelliform, applanate, tubercular-sessile, 2-3 X 3-4 X 0.2-0.4 cm.; surface white to isabelline, scabrous, somewhat tugose, marked with a few narrow, indistinct, pale-latericeous zones; margin thin, fertile, irregular, lobed: context punky-fibrous, white, 1.5-2 mm. thick; tubes 1-1.5 mm. long, white within, mouths angular, subglistening, 4 toa mm., edges thin, firm, dentate, white to isabelline : spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 2 «; hyphae 5 x. Type collected in Ohio, on dead wood, C. G. Lloyd. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 23. Coriolus leiodermus (Mont.) Murrill. ? Polystictus actinobolus Mont. Syll. Crypt. 166. 1856. (Type from Guiana.) Polyporus letodermus Mont. Syll. Crypt. 168. 1856. Pileus thin, tough, leathery, flexible, sessile, dimidiate, often decurrent, conchate, 3-4 X 4-6 X 0.1-0.3 cm.; surface multizonate, slightly silky, becoming glabrous, minutely furrowed radiately, isabelline-fulvous; margin thin, entire, pallid: context white to pallid, punky-fibrous, 0.5-1.5 mm. thick; tubes 1-1.5 mm. long, pallid within, mouths circular to angular, very regular, variable in size, 3-6 to amm., edges thin, firm, entire to dentate, pallid to umbrinous-fulvous, glistening: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 34; hyphae hyaline, 3.54 in diameter. TYPE LOCALITY: Guiana. HasitTaT: Dead wood. DISTRIBUTION : Nicaragua ; also in Guiana. 24. Coriolus concentricus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus thin, firm, but slightly flexible, flabelliform, conchate, depressed behind, attached by a narrow base, 46 0.2-0.4 cm. ; surface glabrous, indistinctly zonate, sub- shining, white to pale-isabelline, latericeous behind, the zones tinged with pale-latericeous ; margin very thin, lobed, concolorous, glabrous: context white, fibrous, 1 mm. thick ; tubes slender, 2-3 mm. long, white within, mouths regular, angular, 3 to a mm., edges thin, firm, denticulate, white to pale-isabelline in dried specimens: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 3“; hyphae 5z. Type collected at London, Ontario, on dead wood, /. Dearness 700. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 25. Coriolus Drummondii (Klotzsch) Pat. Tax. Hymén. 94. 1900. Polyporus Drummondti Klotzsch, Linnaea 8: 487. 1833. Pileus very thin, slightly flexible, but rather brittle, sessile, laterally connate, some- what imbricate, spatulate or flabelliform, 1-2 & 1-1.5 x 0.05-0.1 cm.; surface longitudinally fibrose-striate, rough, nearly glabrous, pallid to light-bay, subzonate; margin very thin, fimbriate, irregular: context thin, membranous, white to pallid; tubes very short, less than 1 mm. thick, mouths angular, radially elongate, 34 toa mm., pallid to discolored, edges thin, flaccid, dentate to lacerate: spores not examined. TYPE LOCALITY : New Orleans, Louisiana. HasitTatT: Dead trunks. . DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 26. Coriolus membranaceus (Sw.) Pat. Tax. Hymén. 94. 1900. Boletus membranaceus Sw. Prodr. 148. 1788.— Sw. Fl. Ind. Occ. 1922. 1806. Polyporus membranaceus Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 370. 1821.— Berk. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 10: 378. Polystiolus semiplicatus Ellis & Macbr. Bull. Lab. Nat. Hist. Univ. Iowa 3?: 192. 1896. (Type from Nicaragua.) Pileus very thin, densely imbricate, sessile, dimidiate or flabelliform, conchate, 2-4 3-6 X 0.1-0.2 cm. ; surface multizonate, finely radiate-furrowed, short-tomentose to gla- brous and subshining, white or pallid with slightly darker zones; margin very thin, undu- late or lobed, usually splitting with age: context white, fibrous, 0.5-1.5 mm. thick; tubes very short, less than 1 mm., white to discolored within, mouths angular, 4-6 to 4 mm., 24 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA LVoLUME 9 edges very thin, denticulate, fimbriate with age, white to isabelline or nearly fulvous in dried specimens: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 4-54; hyphae 54; cystidia none. TYPE LOCALITY : Jamaica. HaBitaT: Dead wood, : . DISTRIBUTION : West Indies and Central America; also in Colombia. ILLUSTRATION: Berk. loc. cit. pl. 10, f. 7. 27. Coriolus nigromarginatus (Schw.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 649. 1906. ~ Boletus hirsutus Wulfen, in Jacq. Coll. 2: 149. 1788. (Type from Carinthia.) Not Boletus hir- sutus Scop. 1772. Polyporus hirsutus Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 367. 1821. Boletus nigromarginatus Schw. Schr. Nat. Ges. Leipzig 1: 98. 1822. Polystictus hirtellus Fries, Nov. Symb. 83. 1851. (Type from Mexico.) Pileus confluent-effused, more or less imbricate, sessile, dimidiate, applanate, corky- leathery, rather thick, flexible or rigid, 3-5 X 5-8 X 0.3-0.8 cm. ; surface conspicuously hir- sute, isabelline to cinereous, concentrically furrowed and zoned; margin at length thin, often fuliginous, sterile, finely strigose-tomentose, entire or undulate: context white, thin, fibrous, spongy above, 1-4 mm. thick; tubes white, 1-2 mm. long, mouths circular to angular, 4 toa mm., quite regular, edges thin, firm, tough, entire, white to yellowish or umbrinous: spores smooth, hyaline, cylindrical, slightly curved, 2.5-3 4. TYPE LOCALITY : North Carolina. Hasitat: Various forms of dead deciduous wood. DISTRIBUTION : North America; also in Europe and Asia. ExsiccaT1: Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 20¢; Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 377; Shear, N. Y. Fungi 37 ; Thiim. Myc. Univ. 1005; Rab. Fungi Eur. 2/03, 21036; Sydow, Myc. Mar. 7/4. 28. Coriolus subchartaceus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus rather thick, imbricate, sessile, dimidiate, conchate, rigid, tough, 3-5 x 5-8 X0.5-1.5 cm.; surface nearly smooth, finely hirtose-tomentose, avellaneous, indistinctly multizonate; margin cremeous, villose, thin, sterile, becoming black when bruised: con- text white, radiate-fibrous, zonate, firm, 2~3 mm. thick; tubes rather long, slender, 3-6 mm., white within, mouths circular to angular, rather irregular with age, 2-3 to a mm., edges at first thick, entire, becoming thin and finally lacerate-dentate, white to avellaneous, glistening: spores smooth, ovoid, hyaline, 5 #; hyphae 6 v. Type collected in the La Plata Mountains, Colorado, on Populus tremuloides, June 28, 1898, Baker, Earle & Tracy 186. DISTRIBUTION: Wisconsin, Colorado, and Utah. 29. Coriolus fulvo-umbrinus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus laterally connate, semicampanulate, umbonate-attached, thin, slightly flexible, 2X2-3X0.1 cm.; broader by confluence; surface strigose-tomentose, multizonate, some- what radiate-rugose, uneven, latericeous-fulvous, the zones very slightly darker ; margin and new growth white to avellaneous, hirsute, zonate, slightly lobed, sometimes proliferous : context thin, membranous, pallid; tubes punctiform, white within, mouths large, hex- agonal, irregular, 2-3 toa mm., edges entire to lacerate-dentate, the divisions distinctly spinose, white to umbrinous: spores smooth, hyaline. Type collected at Havana, Cuba, on old timber near the beach, March 6, 1904, F..S. Earle 3. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. © 30. Coriolus pinsitus (Fries) Pat. Tax. Hymén. 94. 1900. Polyporus pinsitus Fries, Elench. Fung. 95. 1828. ? Polyporus gibberulosus Lév. Ann. Sci. Nat. III. 5: 139. 1846. (Type from Surinam.) Polyporus tener Lév. Aun. Sci. Nat. ITI. 5: 139. 1846. (Type from Guadeloupe.) Polystictus umbonatus Fries, Nov. Symb. 87. 1851. (Type from Mexico.) Hexagona Friestana Speg. Anal. Soc. Ci. Argent.17: 69. 1884. (Type from Paraguay.) Polystictus jamaicensis P. Henn. Hedwigia 37: 280. 1898. (Type from Jamaica.) Pileus thin, flexible, confluent-effused, sessile, dimidiate or flabelliform, often umbo- nate-affixed, 2-4 XK 3-7 XK 0.1 cm.; surface isabelline to pale-cinereous, glistening, multizonate, velvety-hirsute ; margin thin, undulate to lobed, sterile, inflexed on drying: context white, membranous, tough ; tubes short, white to discolored within, less than 1 mm. long, mouths Part 1, 1907] POLYPORACEAE 26 hexagonal, very regular, 2-3 toa mm., edges thin, denticulate, white to discolored, often becoming fuliginous: spores oblong, globose, smooth, hyaline, 6-7 X3 ¢; hyphae 3-5 p; cystidia none. TYPE LOCALITY: Brazil. HABITAT: Dead wood. DISTRIBUTION : Southern Florida and Mexico to Brazil. 31. Coriolus sericeohirsutus (Klotzsch) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 651. 1906. Polyporus sericeo-hirsutus Klotzsch, Linnaea 8: 483. 1833. Hexagonia sericea Fries, Epicr. Myc. 497. 1838, Polystictus barbatulus Fries, Nov. Symb. 87. 1851. Pileus very thin, flexible, sessile, effused-confluent, sometimes wholly resupinate, conchate-reflexed, 0-3 2-6 * 0.05-0.1 cm.; surface conspicuously silky-villose to strigose- hirsute, multizonate, pale-brown to hoary, with slightly darker zones; margin thin, entire or undulate, dentate or eroded with age: context thin, white, membranous, tough; tubes shallow, 1-1.5 mm. deep, white to slightly discolored within, mouths hexagonal, irregular, very variable in’ size, 0.3-1 mm. in diameter, edges thin, denticulate to dentate, white to discolored, sometimes becoming umbrinous: spores smooth, hyaline, thin-walled, pointed, 6X4 yz. TYPE LOCALITY: Texas. HABITAT: Dead trunks and branches of red cedar. DISTRIBUTION : Virginia to Florida and west to Missouri and Texas. Exsiccatr: Rab.-Wint. Fungi Eur. 3327; Rav. Fungi Car. 2: 19; Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 2012; Rav. Fungi Am. 222. 32. Coriolus sublilacinus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus imbricate-confluent, cup-shaped, sessile, 0.5-1 cm. broad, less than 1 mm. thick, surface densely villose-tomentose, scarcely zonate, white to discolored; margin thin, con- colorous, inflexed when dry, somewhat undulate: context thin, white, membranous, rather rigid; tubes punctiform, less than 1 mm. long, mouths angular to irregular, large for the size of the pileus, 3-5 to a mm., edges pale-lilac, fading to dull-avellaneous, rather thick, entire: spores smooth, hyaline. Type collected in Florida, on bark of dead limbs, January, 1897, C. G. Lloyd 2077. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 33. Coriolus scutatus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus scutate-conchate, fixed at the center, thin, slightly flexible, coriaceous, 5-7 cm. broad, 1-2 mm. thick; surface villose-tomentose, isabelline to dark-purple or black, marked with a few narrow, concentric lines; margin thin, sterile, pallid, entire or undulate, if .exed when dry: context thin, soft-fibrous, less than 1 mm. thick; tubes short, white, rG 3s than 1 mm. long, mouths circular, 5 toa mm., edges rather thick, firm, entire, white to discolored, purplish-spotted when bruised: spores ovoid, smooth, hyaline, 344; hyphae 44; cystidia none. Type collected in Mexico, on dead wood, in 1891, C. £. Smtth 35. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 34. Coriolus pavonius (Hook.) Murrill. Boletus pavonius Hook. in Kunth, Syn. Pl. 1: 10. 1822. . Polysticius cyclodes Fries, Nov. Symb. 90. 1851. (Type from the island of St. John.) Polyporus arenicolor Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 315. 1868. (Type from Cuba.) Cyclomycetella pavonia Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 423. 1904. Coriolus arenicolor Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 652. 1906. Pileus thin, coriaceous, flexible, sessile, dimidiate, imbricate, conchate, 3-5 4-7 x 0.1-0.2 cm.; surface multizonate, strigose-velvety, pallid, becoming pale-cinereous with age; margin thin, white or yellowish, sterile, entire or undulate: context white, fibrous, about 1 mm. thick; tubes punctiform, less than 1 mm. long, white to slightly yellowish within, mouths very regular in normally developed specimens, circular to slightly angular, 26 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [Volume 9 4-6 toa mm., edges white to ochraceous, very thin, denticulate: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 44; hyphae 5; cystidia none. TYPE LOCALITY: Colombia. HaBItTaT: Dead deciduous logs and sticks. DISTRIBUTION: Colombia to southern Florida. 35. Coriolus biformis (Klotzsch) Pat. Tax. Hymén. 94. 1900. ? Boletus cervinus Schw. Schr. Nat. Ges. Leipzig 1: 96. 1822. (Type from North Carolina.) Polyporus biformis Klotzsch, Linnaea 8: 486. 1833. . Polyporus molliusculus Berk. Lond. Jour. Bot. 6': $20. 1847. (Type from Ohio.) . Polyporus carolinensis Berk. Jour. Bot. & Kew Mise. 1: 102. 1849. (Type from South Carolina.) Polyporus chartaceus Berk. Jour. Bot. & Kew Misc. 1: 103. 1849.—Grevillea1: 53. 1872. (Type from North Carolina.) c Polyporus scarrosus B. & C. Grevillea 1:.52, 1872. (Type from North Carolina.) Pileus effused-reflexed, imbricate, laterally connate, the reflexéd portion dimidiate, conchate, 2-5 X 5-12 * 0.3-0.7 cm.; surface white, obscurely zonate, nearly smooth, some- what silky, fibrillose-tomentose; margin acute or obtuse, undulate to lobed: context soft- corky, white, 1-2 mm. thick; tubes 3-5 mm. long, white to discolored within, mouths large and irregular, variable in size, averaging 2 to a mm., edges thin, lacerate-dentate, white to discolored or light-bay: spores oblong, slightly curved, smooth, hyaline, 7-9 X 2.5-3 4 ; hyphae 4; cystidia norie. TYPE LOCALITY: Boreal North America. HABITAT: Dead deciduous wood of various kinds. DISTRIBUTION : Canada to Florida and west to Iowa and Kansas. . Exsiccati: Rab.-Wint. Fungi Eur. 3428 ; Thiim. Myc. Mar. 2005 ; Rav. Fungi Car. 2: 18; Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 1596, 1703 ; Rav. Fungi Am. 7/4, 36. Coriolus maximus (Mont.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 34: 467. 1907. Irpex maximus Mont. Ann. Sci. Nat. II. 8: 364. 1837. — Syll. Crypt. 174, 1856. . Polyporus labyrinthicus Mont. Pl. Cell. Cuba 406. 1842. Not P. labyrinthicus Schw.; Fries, Elench. Fung. 83. 1828. (Type from Cuba.) Polyporus Meyenti Klotzsch, Nova Acta Acad. Leop.-Carol. 19: Suppl. 236. 1843. (Type from Manila.) .-- Trametes obstinatus Cooke, Grevillea 12: 17. 1883. (Type from Australia.) Pileus very large, flexible or rigid, leathery, sessile, dimidiate, imbricate, 5-12 < 10-20 X 0.2-0.5 cm. ; surface conspicuously villose-tomentose to partially glabrous, concentrically furrowed, white or cremeous, becoming hoary ; margin thin, entire to lobed: context soft and spongy above, tough and fibrous below, white, 1-3 mm. thick; tubes 1-2 mm. long, white to cremeous within, soon becoming irpiciform, mouths circular when very young, 3-4 toa mm., edges white to ochraceous, firm, fimbriate-dentate, soon splitting into sharp teeth: spores smooth, hyaline. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. HaBiraT: Dead wood. DISTRIBUTION: West Indies and Central America; also in Old World tropics. 37. Coriolus sobrius (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 649. 1906. Polyporus sobrius Berk & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 316. 1868. Pileus very thin, small, flabelliform, imbricate, 1.5><1X0.1 cm.; surface very smooth, glabrous, subzonate, isabelline to pale-chestnut, variegated; margin very thin, entire: context membranous, white, less than 0.5 mm. thick; tubes nearly 1 mm. in length, shorter near the margin, soon becoming irpiciform, mouths rather large for the size of the pileus, irregular, radially elongate, angular, 24 to a mm., edges white to discolored, entire to lacerate: spores not examined. TYPE LOCALITY : Cuba. HasitaT: Dead wood. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 38. Coriolus cyphelloides (Fries) Murrill. Polystictus cyphelloides Fries, Nov. Symb. 88. 1851. Pileus minute, erumpent through the cortex, thin, coriaceous, pendulous, subcampanu- late to unguliform, attenuate behind, 0.61 0.2-0.3 cm.; surface finely tomentose to Part 1, 1907] POLYPORACEAE 27 nearly glabrous, silky-shining, finely zonate near the margin, which is thin, fertile, con- colorous: context white, fibrous, less than 0.5 mm. thick; tubes rather long, 1.5-2 mm., white within, large and irregular, soon becoming irpiciform, mouths 2-3 to a mm., edges white or pallid, thin, dentate to lacerate: spores not examined. TYPE LOCALITY: Mexico. HasitaT: Dead wood. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 39. Coriolus abietinus (Dicks.) Quél. Ench. Fung. 175. 1886. Boletus abietinus Dicks. Pl. Crypt. Brit. 3: 21. 1793. Boletus incarnatus Schum. Enum. Pl. Saell. 2: 391. 1803. Polyporus parvulus Schw. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. II. 4: 157. 1832. (Type from Pennsylvania. ) ? Polyporus pargamenus Fries, Epicr. Myc. 480. 1838. (Type from arctic North America.) Polystictus pusio Sacc, & Cub. in Sacc, Syll. Fung. 6: 265. 1888. Pileus effused-reflexed, the reflexed portion thin, tough, flexible to nearly rigid, 0.5-1.5 KX 1-3 X 0.05-0.1 cm.; surface obsoletely zonate, grayish-white, villose; margin thin, undulate to lobed, fimbriate with age, incurved on drying: context very thin, white, mem- branous; tubes uneven, irregular, soon becoming irpiciform, mouths variable in size, 2-3 toa mm., edges thin, lacerate-dentate, unequal, pallid or violet, fading with age, some- what flesh-tinted in dried specimens: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 4.5-5.54; hyphae 7 #3; cystidia none. TYPE LOCALITY: England. Hasitat: Decaying coniferous trunks. DISTRIBUTION : Northern hemisphere. ILLUSTRATION: Dicks. loc. cit. £1. 9, f. 9. ExsiccaTi: Shear, N. Y. Fungi 3077 Thiim. Fungi Austr. 6, 706; Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 8; Karst. Finl. Fungi Qi, 248 ; Rav. Fungi "Car. 1: 22, Rab.-Wint. Fungi Eur. 2637, D255 5 Sydow, Myc. Mar. 723, 31/4 ; Krieger, Fungi Sax. 65, 1205 ; Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 303 ; Underw. & Cook, Ilust. Fungi 16; Rav. Fungi Am. 422 ; Jacz. Fungi Rossiae 274; Sacc. Myc, Ven. 1409 ; Allesch. & Schn. Fungi Bavar. 235, Linhart, Fungi Hung. 445. 40. Coriolus prolificans (Fries) Murrill. Polyporus prolificans Fries, Epicr. Myc. 443. 1838. Polyporus laceratus Berk. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 3: 392. 1839. (Type from Louisiana.) Polyporus Flabellum Mont. Pl. Cell. Cuba 388. £7. 15. 7.2. 1842. (Type from Cuba.) Polyporus Menandianus Mont. Ann. Sci. Nat. II. 20: 362. 1843. (Type from New York.) Polyporus subflavus Lév. Ann. Sci. Nat. III. 5: 300. 1846. (Type from New York.) Polyporus xalapensis Berk. Jour. Bot. & Kew Misc. 1: 103. 1849. (Type from Mexico.) Polyporus Sartwellii Berk. & Curt. Grevillea 1: 51. 1872. (Type from New York.) Polyporus tlicincola Berk. & Curt. Grevillea 1: 52. 1872. (Type from Alabama.) Polyporus pseudopargamenus Thiim. Myc. Univ. zo. 1102. 1878. (Type from New York.) Pileus exceedingly variable, sessile or affixed by a short tubercle, dimidiate to flabelli- form, broadly or narrowly attached, 2-5 2-6 0.1-0.3 cm.; surface finely villose-tomen- tose, smooth, white or slightly yellowish, marked with a few narrow indistinct latericeous or bay zones; margin thin, sterile, entire to lobed: context very thin, white, fibrous ; tubes 1-3 mm. long, white to discolored within, mouths angular, somewhat irregular, 3-4 to a mm., usually becoming irpiciform at an early stage, edges acute, dentate, becoming lacerate, white to yellowish or umbrinous: spores smooth, hyaline. TYPE LOCALITY: Mexico. HABITAT: Dead deciduous trunks. DISTRIBUTION: Canada to Florida and west to Wisconsin and Mexico; also in Europe. EXxXsICccaTI: Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 372; Shear, N. Y. Fungi JS; Rab. -Wint. Fungi Eur. 2231; Thiim. Myc. Univ. 1102, 1304 ; Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 1934; Rav. Fungi Am. 108, 423 ; Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 302 ': Rav, Fungi Car. 1: 2. DOUBTFUL SPECIES Boletus cinerascens Schw. Schr. Nat. Ges. Leipzig 1:99, 1822. Described from North Carolina. Type not found. Apparently near Coriolus sericeohirsutus. Sistotrema Symphyton Schw. Schr. Nat. Ges. Leipzig 1: 101. 1822. Described from North Carolina. Apparently near C. b¢formis. Polyporus papyraceus Fries, Elench. Fung. 97. 1828. Described from plants collected by Bertero on trunks in Porto Rico. Type not found. Apparently near C. membranaceus. Polyporus decipiens Schw. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. II. 4: 157. 1832. Coriolus decipiens 28 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 9 Pat. Tax. Hymén. 94. 1900. Described from collections made at Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, presumably by Schweinitz himself. Authentic specimens have not been found. ‘Those bear- ing this name may usually be referred to C. versicolor or C. hirsutulus, but the description calls for a plant near C. prolificans. Irpex epiphylla Schw. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. II. 4: 164. 1832. Described from Beth- lehem, Pennsylvania. According to Berkeley and Curtis this species is not distinct from C. biformis. Polyporus arcticus Fries, Epicr. Myc. 479. 1838. Described from specimens collected by Wormskiold in Kamtschatka. Type not found, but evidently near C. nigromarginatus ot C. abtetinus. Polystictus nuceus Fries. Nov. Symb. 81. 1851. Described from plants collected on decayed trunks in Costa Rica, by Oersted. Type not found. Probably near C. sector. FPolystictus corrugis Fries, Nov. Symb. 82. 1851. Collected by Benzon in the West Indies. Type not found. Apparently not far from C. sector. Polystictus plumbosus Fries, Nov. Symb. 93. 1851. Described from Liebmann’s col- lections in Mexico. Type not found. Apparently related to C. sector. Polyporus Richardsonii Berk. & Curt. Jour. Acad. Phila. II. 3: 224. 1856. Described from Richardson’s collection in boreal North America. Apparently near C. pubescens. Polystictus placentaeformis Cooke, Grevillea 15: 24. 1886. Described from plants collected on dead poplar limbs at Carlton, British North America, in 1858. The small type specimens are quite well preserved at Kew. They resemble forms of C. xigromarginatus or C. pubescens, growing on the under side of a limb, but the pores are much too large for the former and the surface is too hirsute for the latter. 24. CORIOLELLUS Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 481. 1905. Hymenophore small, dry, annual, epixylous, semi-resupinate; surface anoderm, usu- ally azonate: context white, thin, fibrous to corky; hymenium concolorous; tubes thin- walled, usually rather large and irregular, dentate, but not irpiciform: spores smooth, hyaline. Type species, Zrametes Sepiunt Berk. Pileus white or pale-isabelline. Surface finely tomentose to glabrous; context firm. 1. C. Sepium. Surface conspicuously villose to strigose; context very soft and spongy. 2. C. cuneatus. Pileus cinereous-fuscous, glabrous. 3. C. Sequotae. Pileus fulvous to latericeous, finely tomentose to finely strigose. 4. C. serialis. 1. Coriolellus Sepium (Berk.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 481. 1905. Trametes Sepium Berk. Lond. Jour. Bot. 6: 322. 1847. Pileus small, dimidiate, sessile, laterally connate, narrowly attached when young, becoming decurrent and often effused, 0.5-1 X 1-3.5 0.2-0.5 cm.; surface white or pale wood-colored, finely tomentose to glabrous, subzonate, smooth or broadly radiately fur- rowed; margin thin or tumid, entire to undulate: context white, 1-2 mm. thick, soft- corky ; tubes white, 2-3 mm. long, mouths angular, uneven, irregular, sometimes slightly sinuous, 1-2 to a mm., edges thin, undulate to dentate, white: spores oblong, smooth, hyaline, 125; hyphae hyaline, 3-5 pv. TYPE LOCALITY: On dry fence-railsin Ohio. HapitaT: Structural timber and other dead wood, especially that of deciduous trees. DISTRIBUTION: Temperate North America. Exsiccatr: Thiim. Myc. Univ. 2306; Ellis, N. Am. Fungi7Z; Rav. Fungi Am. 216; Rav. Fungi Car. 1: 22. 2. Coriolellus cuneatus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus thin, soft, flexible, cuneate to dimidiate, imbricate, often effused, 0.5-1.5X< 1.5-3 X 0.2-0.4 cm.; surface conspicuously villose, strigose behind, azonate or subzonate, white to isabelline; margin thin, tomentose: context white to pale-yellowish, soft and fibrose-spongy, 1-3 mm. thick ; tubes short, white to discolored, variable, 1 mm. or less in length, mouths angular to irregular, 1-3 toa mm., edges thin, soft, dentate-lacerate, split- Part 1, 1907]. POLYPORACEAE 29 ting into sharp teeth, which wear away with age: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 3-54; hyphae hyaline, 3.5 #. Type collected in British Columbia, on the bark of ‘‘ giant cedar,’’ August, 1887, John Macoun 60. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 3. Coriolellus Sequoiae (Copeland) Murrill. Trametes Sequotae Copeland, Ann. Myc. 2: 507. 1904. Pileus spongy to corky, rather soft, very variable in shape, effused, confluent, resupi- nate or narrowly reflexed, imbricate, the reflexed portion glabrous, cinereous-fuscous: con- text very thin, fuscous; tubes slender, cinereous, 5-7 mm. long, mouths subcircular to angular, cinereous-umbrinous, edges thin, entire to dentate: spores not examined. TYPE LOCALITY: Woodside, California. HABITAT: On burnt wood of Seguoia sempervirens. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 4. Coriolellus serialis (Fries) Murrill. Polyporus serialis Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 370. 1821. Polyporus scalaris Pers. Myc. Eur. 2: 90. 1825. (Type from Switzerland.) Trametss serialis Fries, Hymen. Eur. ed. 2, 585. 1874. Polyporus varitiformis Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 42: 26.1889. (Type from New York.) Pileus corky to woody, extensively effused, resupinate or shortly reflexed, seriately elongate, laterally connate, the reflexed portion very narrow, 0-1 \ 1-1.5 & 0.3-0.5 cm. ; surface uneven, subzonate, appressed-tomentose to strigose, hoary-fulvous to latericeous- fulvous ; margin thick, pallid, undulate to very uneven: context white, fibrous, membra- nous, less than 1 mm. thick; tubes slender, white, very variable in size and shape, 2-8 mm. long, mouths circular to angular or irregular, pure white, becoming pale yellowish-brown at times on drying, ahout 3 toa mm., edges rather thick, firm, entire, becoming thinner and dentate: spores smooth, oblong, hyaline, 6-8 & 2.5-3 4. TYPE LOCALITY: Sweden. HABITAT: On dead coniferous and deciduous wood. DISTRIBUTION : Northern hemisphere. ILLUSTRATION : Fries, Ic. Hymen. pl. 191, f. 2. DouBTFUL SPECIES Polyporus perpusilius Pers.; Lév. Ann. Sci. Nat. III. 2: 191. 1844. Fomes perpusillus Cooke, Grevillea 14: 19. 1885. The specimen originally described by Persoon is at Leiden, but it does not give a definite clue to the identity of this species. Léveillé prob- ably had specimens of Zrametes ohiensis Berk., which he took for P. perpusillus, 25. SPONGIPORUS Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 474. 1905. Hymenophore small, annual, epixylous, sessile, dimidiate, pulvinate; surface white, anoderm to sv‘: pellicnlose, azonate, soft and elastic: context white, extremely soft and spongy throughout; hymenium rigid, somewhat discolored ; tubes large, irregular, thin- walled, lacerate : spores smooth, hyaline. Type species, Polyporus leucospongia Cooke & Hark. Pileus 6-10 cm. broad, surface tomentose to glabrous. 1. S. leucospongia. Pileus 1,5-3,cm. broad, surface villose. 2. S. aliocedronensis. 1. Spongiporus leucospongia (Cooke & Hark.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 474. 1905. Polyporus leucospongia Cooke & Hark. Grevillea 11: 106. 1883. Pileus rather small, sessile, dimidiate, conchate, pulverulent, 2-3 X 6-10 X1.5-2.5cm.; surface white, anoderm, very soit and spongy, finely tomentose to glabrous; margin rounded, inflexed, sterile, concolorous: context white, extremely soft and spongy, slightly firmer next to the tubes with age, 5-20 mm. thick ; tubes large, irregular, 2~4 mm. long, white to discolored and slightly resinous in appearance, mouths angular, irregular, about 2 to a mm., edges thin, entire to lacerate-dentate: spores smooth, ellipsoidal, hyaline, 75.4. 30 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuuME 9 TYPE LOCALITY: On pine and spruce logs in the Sierra Nevada mountains, 2400 meters, Cali- fornia. HaBitaT: Dead coniferous logs projecting from the snow. DISTRIBUTION: Colorado, a Peaa ds and California. Exsiccatr: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 1104; Rab.-Wint. Fungi Eur. 3432. 2. Spongiporus altocedronensis Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus very soft and spongy, broadly attached, decurrent, subimbricate, 0.5-1 X 1.5-3 0.5~1 cm. ; surface white, azonate, smooth, villose; margin thick, broadly sterile: con- text white, very soft and spongy, radiate-fibrous, a few fibers being darker and firmer, 3-8 mm. thick; tubes shallow, ample, white to pale reddish-brown, about 1 mm. in length, 1-2 toamm., mouths quite irregular, angular, edges thin, uneven, dentate: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 44.54; hyphae 344. Type collected on rotten wood at Alto Cedro, Cuba, March, 1903, ZL. M@. Underwood & F.S. Earle 1479. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 26. TOMOPHAGUS Murrill, Torreya 5: 197. 1905. Dendrophagus Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 473. 1905. Not Dendrophagus Toumey, Bull. Ariz. Exp. Sta. 33: 55. 1900. Hymenophore very large, but of light weight, annual, epixylous, sessile, dimidiate, thick and pulvinate; surface pelliculose, glabrous, azonate, margin very obtuse: context very thick, soft and spongy throughout ; tubes small, dark-colored, thin-walled, fragile: spores smooth, hyaline. Type species, Polyporus Colossus Fries. 1. Tomophagus Colossus (Fries) Murrill, Torreya 5: 197. 1905. Polyporus Colossus Fries, Nov. Symb. 56. 1851. Dendrophagus Colossus Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 473. 1905. Pileus of immense size, but of very light weight, dimidiate to reniform, sessile, convex above, 10-20 X 15-30 * 7-10 cm.; surface azonate, glabrous, smooth, pale-yellowish, at length covered with a very thin cuticle, which becomes cracked, wrinkled and pallid with age; margin very obtuse, rounded, concolorous: context very soft and spongy, homo- geneous, concentrically zonate, several centimeters thick; tubes minute, soft, white to dis- colored within, 2-5 mm. long, mouths angular, 3-4 toa mm., edges thin, dentate, white to discolored, umbrinous or fuliginous in herbarium specimens: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 5-7 7; hyphae 6 uv. TYPE LOCALITY: On Cedrela odoraia at Puntarena, Costa Rica. Habitat: Stumps of Cedrela odorata, DISTRIBUTION: Yucatan and Costa Rica, and doubtfully reported from the island of St. John. 27. TYROMYCES Karst. Rev. Myc. 3°: 17. 1881. Leptoporus Quél. Ench. Fung. 175. 1886. Not Lepfopora Raf. 1809. Oligoporus Bref. Unters. Gesammt. Myk. 8: 114. 1889. Hymenophore annual, epixylous, sessile, anoderm, azonate, glabrousor nearly so: con- text white, fibrous, fleshy to fleshy-tough, rigid and friable when dry ; tubes thin-walled, white or yellowish, mouths polygonal : spores smooth, hyaline. Type species, Polyporus chioneus Fries. Pileus large, 8 cm. or more in diameter, Tubes less than 5 cm. long. Surface of pileus marked with rounded depressed spots. 1. 7. guttulatus. Surface of pileus not guttulate. Pileus over 1 cm. thick. 2. T. palustris. Pileus 3-5 mm. thick. Tubes firm, entire. 3. 7. Palmarum. Tubes fragile, lacerate, 4. ZT. obductus. Tubes more than 5 cm. long. Surface of pileus very smooth. Pileus white or slightly yellowish, unchanging ; tubes small, entire. Spores globose. 5. T. Calkinsii. Spores ellipsoidal. 6. ZT. nivosellus Pileus becoming dark sordid-bay throughout on drying ; tubes 3 to . amm., lacerate. 7. T. Smalliz. Part 1, 1907] POLYPORACEAE Surface of pileus not very smooth. Surface sodden, rough, white, becoming blackish, especially at the 31 margin. 8. LT. Sprague. : Surface tuberculose, ochraceous, not becoming blackish. 9. T. tiltiophila. Pileus small, rarely exceeding 5cm. in diameter. Pileus resinous or cartilaginous in appearance. Tubes sharply and deeply lacerate. 10. 7. cerifiuus. Tubes not as above. Pileus 3-4 cm. broad ; tubes 6 to a mm. ll. 7. versicutis. Pileus 1 cm. broad; tubes 4to amm. 12. T. semisupinus. Pileus neither resinous nor cartilaginous. Tubes large, irregular, lacerate, 1-2 toa mm. 13. 7. undosus. Tubes much smailer, usually regular and entire. Species confined to temperate regions. Surface zonate. Pileus 1-3 mim. thick, not effused. 14. 7. crispellus. Pileus 5 mm. or more thick, effused-reflexed. 15. 7. Elitsianus. Surface azonate. Surface conspicuously villose or tomentose. Pileus more or less bluish, not effused. 16. 7. caestus. Pileus not bluish, effused-reflexed. 17. T. semipileatus. Surface glabrous or nearly so. Surface pelliculose, more or less tinged with gray. 18. 7. chioneus. Surface white, without a pellicle. Pileus about 2 mm. thick. 19. 7. Bartholomaet, Pileus much thicker. Edges of tubes obtuse, entire. 20. L. anceps. Edges of tubes very thin, lacerate. 21. T. lacteus. Species confined to tropical regions. Pileus milk-white, unchanging, very soft and very friable. 22. T. leucomallus. Pileus somewhat brownish, not very friable. Tubes 3-4 mm. long, much longer than the thickness of the very thin context. 23. T. albogilvus, Tubes short, about equal to the thickness of the context. Hymenium subfulvous; spores ovoid, 34 x, Hymenium white to pallid ; spores cylindrical, 4x 1x. 24, 25. T. fulvitinctus, T. duracinus. 1. Tyromyces guttulatus (Peck) Murrill. si is maculatus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus, 26: 69. 1874. Not P. maculatus Berk. Polyporus guttulatus Peck, in Sacec. Syll. 6: 106. 1888. Pileus cespitose or gregarious, broad, applanate, sessile or attached by an attenuate base, cheesy-soft when fresh, rigid and fragile when dry, 5-7 10-15 0.5-1.5 cm. ; sur- face white or yellowish-white, becoming sordid with age, especially at the margin, glabrous, somewhat uneven, slightly zonate at times, marked with numerous rounded, depressed, watery spots, either scattered promiscuously or arranged in zones; margin thin, white to discolored, undulate or lobed: context white, cheesy to fragile, 3-8 mm. thick; tubes white, 3-6 mm. long, mouths small, angular, glistening, 4-5 toa mm., white to avellaneous or umbrinous, often sordid-spotted in dried specimens, edges thin, fragile, lacerate: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 54; hyphae 6; cystidia none. TYPE LOCALITY : Worcester, New York. HapitaT: Fallen coniferous trunks in woods. DISTRIBUTION; Eastern Canada to Ohio. 2. Tyromyces palustris (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Polyporus palustris Berk. & Curt. Grevillea 1: 51. 1872. Pileus sessile, dimidiate, convex above, plane or concave below, much thicker behind, subimbricate, fleshy-tough to rigid and somewhat friable when dry, 4-6 < 8-10 K 1-3 cm.; surface smooth, glabrous, white to slightly yellowish, sometimes rough and tubercular behind; margin thin or thick, entire or undulate, white, becoming slightly discolored: context 1-2 cm. thick, white, fleshy-fibrous when fresh, becoming firm and somewhat fri- able when dry; tubes 2-5 mm. long, white to slightly yellowish within, about 4 to a mm., edges thin, white to yellowish, entire to dentate: spores smooth, hyaline. TYPE LOCALITY: South Carolina. HaziraT: Trunks of Pinus palustris and certain other species of southern pines. DISTRIBUTION : Georgia, Sguth Carolina, and Florida; Bahamas; Cuba. 32 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 3. Tyromyces Palmarum Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus very broad, thin, applanate, sessile, dimidiate, concave below, incurved on dry- ing, fleshy-tough to rigid, 6-10 x 10-20 & 0.5-0.8 cm.; surface glabrous, nearly smooth, slightly rugose or tubercular, white to cremeous; margin thin, undulate to lobed, fertile, concolorous: context white, fleshy-fibrous to rigid and somewhat fragile on drying, 3-5 mm. thick; tubes 24 mm. long, white to yellowish within, mouths glistening, angular, regular, 3 to a mm., white to slightly yellowish and finally avellaneous, edges thin, entire: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 3u; hyphae 5; cystidia none. Type collected at the base of E] Yunque, Cuba, on a royal palm log, March, 1903, Z. M7. Un- derwood & FS. Earle 1142. ‘ DISTRIBUTION: Cuba and Jamaica. 4. Tyromyces obductus (Berk.) Murrill. Polyporus obductus Berk. Lond. Jour. Bot. 4: 304. 1845. Pileus thin, sessile, fleshy, very fragile when dry, expanding from a wedge-shaped base, 6X12 0.3 cm.; surface very smooth, yellowish-brown, glabrous, with a gelatinous- horny pellicle, having the appearance of parchment; margin thin, concolorous, reniform- lobed : context very thin, white, fleshy-tough, becoming fragile and very hard when dry, 1 mim, or Jess thick; tubes slender, 1.5-2.5 mm. long, white to yellowish within, collapsing, mouths angular, white to yellowish, minute, 6 to a mm., edges very thin, flaccid, lacerate: spores smooth, hyaline. TYPE LOCALITY: Boreal North America, below latitude 54°. HABITAT: Dead trunks. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 5. Tyromyces Calkinsii Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus sessile, somewhat imbricate, dimidiate, convex above, concave below, cheesy when fresh, rigid when dry, 3-5 K 6-8 K 1.5-2 cm.; surface smooth, glabrous, azonate, white to cremeous or ochraceous-fulvous; margin thin or thick, entire or undulate, easily bruised, fertile: context white, homogeneous, fleshy to somewhat friable, very firm, 5-10 mm. thick; tubes slender, white to ochraceous within, equaling the thickness of the con- text, mouths regular, angular, 3-4 to a mm., firm, white to yellowish and finally avel- Janeous, edges thin, entire to slightly dentate: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 5y; hyphae 7 #; cystidia none. Type collected in Florida, on dead wood, December, 1886, W. W. Calkins 619. DISTRIBUTION : Florida. 6. Tyromyces nivosellus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus simple, imbricate, sessile, dimidiate, semicampanulate to ungulate, very thick behind, convex above, concave below, 3-5 X 6-9 X 2-4 cm.; surface smooth, glabrous, azonate, white or very slightly yellowish ; margin thick, usually obtuse, entire or undu- late, concolorous, darker when dry: context fleshy-tough, rigid, but slightly friable when dry, milk-white, 0.5-2.5 cm. thick; tubes long and slender, about 1 cm., white to dull- yellowish within, mouths regular, angular, 3 to a mm., white to isabelline or umbrinous, edges firm, rather thin, entire: spores ellipsoidal, smooth, hyaline, 3.5 X64. Type collected at the base of El Yunque, Cuba, on a royal palm trunk, March, 1903, ZL. MM. Underwood & F. S. Earle 1114. DISTRIBUTION : Cuba and Porto Rico. 7. Tyromyces Smallii Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus compressed-ungulate, with a large umbo, broadly sessile, dimidiate, fleshy- tough, difficult to dry, 5-7 < 6-10 & 2-5 cm.; surface very smooth, glabrous, azonate, white to cremeous, changing to sordid-bay or blackish on drying: context fleshy-tough, zonate, watery, moist and flexible even in dried specimens, dull-white to sordid-avellaneous, tinged with flesh-color, 0.5-2.5 cm. thick; tubes 5-8 mm. long, 3 to a mm., rather large and irregular at times from the splitting of the dissepiments, partially collapsed, somewhat PaRT 1, 1907] POLYPORACEAK 33 fragile, dark-bay throughcut in dried specimens, edges thin, lacerate, fimbriate: spores smooth, hyaline. Type collected near Cutler Point, Florida, on pine trunks, November 13, 1903, /. K. Small & J.J. Carter 1327. DISTRIBUTION: Florida and Louisiana. . 8. Tyromyces Spraguei (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Polyporus Spraguez Berk. & Curt. Grevillea 1: 50. 1872. : Polyporus sordidus Cooke, Grevillea 15: 20. 1886. (Type from the eastern United States.) Pileus subimbricate, dimidiate or flabelliform, broadly sessile or attenuate behind, con- vex, fleshy-tough and watery to rigid and fragile when dry, 4-7 * 5-10 X 1-2 cm.; surface at first milk-white, finely tomentose to glabrous, slightly tuberculose, azonate, sodden, containing depressions filled with exuded water, becoming discolored and roughened and often decaying, especially in damp weather, with a strong and disagreeable odor ; margin undulate or slightly lobed, acute, usually discolored, sometimes smoky-black, inflexed when dry: context white, zonate, cheesy when fresh, rigid and somewhat fragile when dry; tubes small, white to yellowish within, 3-8 mm. long, mouths somewhat uneven, angular, 3-4 toa mm., edges white to yellowish, thin, entire: spores ellipsoidal, smooth, hyaline, 6X 4p. TYPE LOCALITY: New England. HABITAT; Dead stumps or trunks of chestnut and oak. DISTRIBUTION : New Hampshire to North Carolina and west to Missouri and Iowa. 9. Tyromyces tiliophila Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus large, convex above, concave below, cheesy when fresh, firm and fragile when dry, attached by an attenuate base, dimidiate to flabelliform, 8 12 x 1-1.5 cm.; surface radiate-rugose, slightly plicate, tubercular, subglabrous, white to ochraceous, marked with pale-latericeous ; margin thick, fertile, concolorous, undulate: context homogeneous, white, cheesy to fragile, about 1 cm. thick; tubes nearly 1 cm. long, white to slightly yellowish, very fragile when dry, collapsing and wearing away with age, mouths minute, 5 to a mm., subcircular, white to cremeous, slightly discolored with age, edges thin, friable, fimbriate-dentate. Type collected at Ottawa, Canada, on Tilia americana, October, 1883, 7. Macoun. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 10. Tyromyces cerifluus (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Polyporus cerifluus (Berk. & Curt.) Grevillea 1: 50. 1872. Pileus sessile, dimidiate, narrowly attached, laterally confluent, fleshy-tough to rigid, thin, 1.5-2.5 2-5 & 0.2-0.4 cm.; surface white to ochraceous, latericeous and polished in spots, radiate-rugose, sulcate, resinous-guttate, floccose-tomentose; margin thin, inflexed, undulate, easily bruised: context very thin, white, fibrous, fragile when dry, less than 1 mm. thick ; hymenium uneven, cribrose, especially behind; tubes slender, white to dis- colored, 2-3 mm. long, mouths angular, 4 to a mm., white to yellowish-discolored, edges thin, fimbriate-dentate to sharply lacerate, presenting to the unaided eye the appearance of a Hydnum: spores smooth, hyaline, globose, 4“; hyphae 5; cystidia none. TYPE LOCALITY: South Carolina. HABITAT: Rotten logs in swamps. DISTRIBUTION: South Carolina. 11. Tyromyces versicutis (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Polyporus versicutis Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 308. 1868. Pileus cespitose-imbricate, fleshy-tough, rigid when dry, sessile, dimidiate, decurrent behind, 0.5~1.5 & 3-4 & 0.2-0.4 cm.; surface rugose or tuberculose, finely tomentose, resinous-guttate, ochraceous to latericeous when dry; margin somewhat obtuse, sterile: context fleshy to rigid, pallid, 2 mm. thick; tubes 1-2 mm. long, pallid to umbrinous, mouths circular to slightly angular, minute, 6 to a mm., edges thin, subentire, pallid to umbrinous: spores not examined. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. HasitaT: Dead wood. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 34 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 12. Tyromyces semisupinus (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Polyporus semisupinus Berk. & Curt. Grevillea 1. 50. 1872. Polyporus pachycheiles Ellis & Ev, Proc. Acad. Phila. 1894: 322. 1894. (Type from Newfield, New Jersey.) Pileus imbricate-cespitose, thin, rigid when dry, flabelliform, narrowly attached, some- times with a short process resembling a stipe, 0.5-1 < 0.5-0.8 & 0.05-0.1 cm.; surface white to flavous, partially dull-latericeous, cartilaginous, glabrous or ornamented with a few ab- normal hydnoid processes, subzonate; margin very thin, lobed, inflexed when dry: con- text very thin, white, horny and fragile when dry; tubes short, minute, white, 2-3 mm. long, mouths angular, 4 to a mm., edges thin, dentate: spores smooth, hyaline. TYPE LOCALITY: New England. HaBiItaT: Dead fallen trunks of maple, alder, and other deciduous trees. DISTRIBUTION: New England and New Jersey. 13. Tyromyces undosus (Peck) Murrill. Polyporus undosus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 34: 42. 1881. Pileus effused, narrowly reflexed, thin, fleshy-fibrous, soft when fresh, rigid when dry, 5-8 cm. broad, 2-3 mm. thick, the reflexed portion 0-7 mm. wide; surface slightly spongy-tomentose, sulcate-zonate, white; margin very thin, undulate, inflexed when dry: context white, very thin, fleshy-fibrous to fragile; tubes 1-3 mm. long, white, mouths large, irregular, angular, 1-2 toa mm., edges very thin, fragile, lacerate, white to slightly yellowish : spores smooth, hyaline. TYPE LOCALITY : Catskill Mountains, New York. HaBitaT: On decaying trunks of hemlock and pine; rarely on deciduous wood. DISTRIBUTION : Maine, New York, and West Virginia. 14. Tyromyces crispellus (Peck) Murrill. Polyporus crispelius Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 38: 91. 1885. Pileus thin, laterally elongate, fleshy to somewhat fragile, sessile, dimidiate, decur- rent, 1.5-2.5 cm. long, extending laterally 2-10 cm., 24 mm. thick; surface radiate- rugose, subglabrous, whitish, varied with isabelline to fulvous zones; margin undulate or subcrispate, irregular, acute, inflexed when dry: context white, less than 1 mm. thick, hymenium uneven, somewhat cribrose; tubes 1.5-2.5 mm. long, white to discolored within, mouths angular, irregular, 3-5 to a mm., edges white to slightly discolored, dentate to sharply lacerate: spores not examined. TYPE LOCALITY: Osceola, New York. HABITAT: Prostrate trunks of hemlock. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 15. Tyromyces Ellisianus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus effused-reflexed, laterally connate, imbricate, fleshy-tough to rigid, the reflexed portion dimidiate or laterally elongate, 1-2 2-5X0.5-1.5 cm.; surface uneven, pul- verulent to glabrous or slightly scabrous, white to isabelline, with narrow testaceous zones, sometimes azonate; margin acute or slightly obtuse, inflexed in dried specimens, white, entire or undulate: context rather thick, firm and somewhat fragile when dry, white, about 5 mm. thick; tubes white to pallid or very pale-latericeous within, 3-5 mm, long, slender, mouths circular to slightly angular, rather even, 5 to a mm., edges thin, white to isabelline or pale-latericeous, entire or slightly dentate : spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 4 #4; hyphae 8 “3; cystidia none. Type collected at Newfield, New Jersey, on a dead pine trunk, J. B. Ellis. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 16. Tyromyces caesius (Schrad.) Murrill. Boletus caesius Schrad. Spic. Fl. Germ. 167. 1794. Boletus albidus Sow. Engl. Fungi f/. 226, 1799, Polyporus caesius Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 56, 1821. Pileus dimidiate, sessile, imbricate, often narrowly attached, with a prominent umbo, variable in habit and size, fleshy-tough, soft, spongy when fresh, fragile when dry, 1-2 Part 1, 1907] POLYPORACEAEK 35 X 3-6 X 0.5-1.5 cm.; surface sodden, tomentose or villose-tomentose, azonate,, murinous or griseous when fresh, becoming caesious or fading to nearly pure-white on drying, often nearly glabrous with age: context white, homogeneous, soft, friable, 5-8 mm. thick; tubes long and slender, 5-10 mm. long, caesious within, collapsing, friable, mouths angular, 3-4 to a mm., edges white or bluish-gray, very thin, dentate to long and sharply lacerate: spores elongate, smooth, hyaline, 5-5.5 1.5 4. TYPE LOCALITY: Germany. HaBITAT: Dead deciduous and coniferous wood. DISTRIBUTION: Canada to Tennessee ; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATION : Sow. Joc. cit. 17. Tyromyces semipileatus (Peck) Murrill. Polyporus semipileatus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 34: 43. 1881. - Pileus effused, largely resupinate, suborbicular or laterally elongate, very narrowly reflexed, the reflexed portion 0-1 X 2-5 X 0.3-0.5 cm.; surface white or pale-isabelline, subvillose or scabrous, azonate; margin thin, undulate, sometimes inflexed: context white, fleshy-tough to fragile, 2-4 mm. thick; tubes short, slender, white to yellowish within, mouths minute, circular to slightly angular, scarcely conspicuous, 7 toa mm., edges thin, very even, entire, white to pallid, often bluish-discolored in spots or blotches: spores smooth, hyaline, subglobose, 6-8; hyphae 7-8; cystidia none. TYPE LOCALITY: Catskill Mountains, New York. HABITAT: Dead branches of deciduous trees. DISTRIBUTION: Eastern United States, Maine to Florida. 18. Tyromyces chioneus (Fries) Karst. Rev. Myc. 3°: 17. 1881. Polyporus chioneus Fries, Obs. Myc. 1: 125. 1815. . Polyporus albellus Peck, Ann. Rep. N, Y. State Mus. 30: 45. 1878. (Type from the Helderberg Mountains, New York.) Pileus imbricate, sessile, dimidiate, convex, 2-4 3-6 X 1 cm.; surface sodden, grayish- cinereous or yellowish-white, azonate, smooth, pubescent to glabrous, acute but rather thick, entire, concolorous, fertile: context sodden and watery when fresh, with a mild flavor and acid odor, white, homogeneous and fragile when dry, cutting with a smooth surface, 7-10 mm. thick; tubes shorter than the thickness of the context, 2-4 mm. long, white to yellowish within, fragile, mouths even, glistening, angular, sinuous at times, 4 to a mm., white to ochraceous, edges thin, fimbriate-dentate: spores smooth, hyaline, cylindrical, curved, thin-walled, 4-5 x 1-2 4; cystidia none. TYPE LOCALITY: Sweden: HasgiTaT: Branches and trunks of birch and other deciduous trees. DISTRIBUTION : Eastern Canada to South Carolina and west to Wisconsin; also in Europe. 19. Tyromyces Bartholomaei (Peck) Murrill. Polyporus Bartholomaei Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 23: 418. 1896. Pileus thin, fleshy-tough, rather soft,,obovate, attached by a flattened stem-like base, 3X 3.5 X0.2 cm.; surface azonate, white, opaque, finely spongy-tomentose; margin thin, broadly sterile, subentire: context white to pallid, 1-1.5 mm. thick, soft and somewhat spongy, very fragile when dry; tubes decurrent, less than 1 mm. long, white, mouths small, circular, angular, 4-5 to a mm., regular, edges entire to fimbriate-dentate: spores not examined. TYPE LOCALITY: Rockport, Kansas. HapitaT: Decaying sticks and chips on damp ground. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 20. Tyromyces anceps (Peck) Murrill. Polyporus anceps Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 22: 207. 1895. Pileus effused, resupinate or narrowly reflexed, inseparable from the matrix, firm, sub- corky, slightly flexible, rigid when dry, the reflexed portion 1-2 cm. long, extending later- ally for several centimeters by confluence, about 1 cm. thick behind; surface minutely downy, sometimes rugosely pitted, milk-white or slightly discolored, azonate; margin 36 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 rather thin, acute, concolorous, undulate: context white, fleshy-tough, somewhat fragile when dry, 5-8 mm. thick ; tubes 3-5 mm. long, white to pallid within, slender, mouths regular, even, circular, 5-6 to a mm., glistening, white to very pale-avellaneous, edges obtuse, entire: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 54; hyphae 84; cystidia none. TYPE LOCALITY: Stony Brook, Massachusetts. HABITAT: Dead hemlock trunks, DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 21. Tyromyces lacteus (Fries) Murrill. Polyporus lacieus Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 359. 1821. Pileus dimidiate, sessile, decurrent, convex, very soft, fleshy, becoming fragile and rigid when dry, 24 x 5-8 X0.5-1.5cm.; surface milk-white, sometimes slightly discolored, azonate, finely tomentose or pubescent to nearly glabrous, more or less silky-striate ; margin abruptly thin, inflexed, undulate, concolorous: context spongy-fibrous, very fragile when dry, 5-10 mm. thick, milk-white, unchanging, zonate at times; tubes quite long, slender, equaling the thickness of the context, 5-10 mm., milk-white within, mouths regular, angular, 4-5 to a mm., glistening, becoming lacerate and somewhat uneven, edges thin, dentate to sharply toothed, fragile, white to slightly yellowish: spores allantoid, smooth, hyaline, 4-5 & 1-1.5 z. TYPE LOCALITY: Sweden. HaBitTaT: Dead deciduous and coniferous wood. DISTRIBUTION : Eastern Canada to Virginia and west to Kansas ; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATION : Fries, Ic. Hymen. p/. 182, f. 1. 22. Tyromyces leucomallus (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Polyporus leucomallus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 308. 1868. Polyporus verecundus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 309. 1868. (Type from Cuba.) Trametes pura Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 320. 1868. (Type from Cuba.) Pileus soft, fleshy, very fragile when dry, dimidiate, sessile, convex, 3-5 X5-8 < 0.5-1.5 cm.; surface white to slightly cinereous, azonate, anoderm, tomentose, appressed- fibrose when young; margin acute to slightly obtuse, sometimes inflexed, brown or black when bruised : context very soft and friable when dry, milk-white, 0.5-1 cm. thick; tubes white, 3-10 mm. long, mouths minute, 6-7 to a mm., subcircular, edges white to pallid, subglistening, very thin and dentate to slightly lacerate : spores smooth, hyaline. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. HasitaT: Dead wood. DISTRIBUTION: Cuba. 23. Tyromyces albogilvus (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Polyporus albogilvus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 308. 1868. Pileus dimidiate to flabelliform, sometimes attached by a very narrow base, fleshy, rigid when dry, convex above, plane below, 2.5 & 2.5-3 & 0.4-0.7 cm. ; surface finely tomentose to resinous-glabrous, gilvous when fresh, azonate, somewhat radiate-rugose; margin rather thick, often obtuse, entire, concolorous: context thin, white, fleshy to fragile, 1 mm. thick; tubes long, slender, 4-6 mm., white or pale-yellowish, mouths minute, angular, 6 to amm., glistening, white or pale-yellowish, usually abruptly radially elongate near the margin, presenting the appearance of lamellae, edges thin, entire or slightly dentate: spores smooth, hyaline. TYPE LOCALITY : Cuba. Hasirat: Dead trunks in woods. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 24. Tyromyces fulvitinctus (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Polyporus fulvitinctus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10 ‘S313. 1868. Hapalopilus fulvitinctus Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 419. 1904. Pileus fleshy-tongh, rigid and fragile when dry, sessile, dimidiate, applanate, decur- rent, 3-4 cm. broad, 3-5 mm. thick; surface tomentose, alutaceous-fulvous, becoming glabrous behind, azonate, subsulcate, margin rather thick, fertile, entire or undulate : con- Par’ 1, 1907] POLYPORACEAE 37 text homogeneous, corky-fragile, whitish to isabelline, 1-2 mm. thick; tubes short, 2-3 mm. long, white to isabelline or avellaneous, mouths small, circular to angular, pale- umbrinous in dried specimens, edges thin, obtuse, entire: spores subglobose to ovoid, smooth, hyaline, 34; hyphae hyaline; cystidia none. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. HABITAT: Dead wood. DISTRIBUTION : Cuba. 25. Tyromyces duracinus (Pat.) Murrill. Leptoporus duracinus Pat. Bull. Soc. Myc. Fr. 18: 174. 1902. Pileus convex, rigid, hard, 1.5-2.5 cm. broad, 2-4 mm. thick; surface isabelline to pale-fulvous, darker near the margin, glabrous, marked with 1-2 concentric furrows; margin inflexed, usually acute: context hard, fragile, white, 1-2 mm. thick; tubes 1 mm. long, white to discolored, mouths small, circular, 5 to a mm., edges white to avellaneous, obtuse, entire: spores cylindrical, smooth, hyaline, 4X14. TYPE LOCALITY: Guadeloupe. HasitaT: Dead branches of Cecropia peltata. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. DOUBTFUL SPECIES Polyporus impolitus Fries, Nov. Symb. 58. 1851. Described from specimens col- lected by Oersted on trunks of trees in Costa Rica. These specimens were first preserved in alcohol and afterwards dried. They have not been seen by me. Polyporus trichrous Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 12: 434. 1853. Collected in South Carolina by Ravenel. Type not found. Species doubtfully assigned to Tyromyces chiefly on account of its cheesy consistency. Leptoporus mexicanus Pat. Bull. Soc. Myc. Fr. 14: 55. 1898. Collected by Maury in Mexico on trunks of coniferous trees. Type not seen. Leptoporus nauseosus Pat.; Duss, Enum. Champ. Guad. 27. 1903. Collected by Duss in Guadeloupe. 28. SPONGIPELLIS Pat. Hymén. Eur. 140. 1887. Postia Karst. Rev. Myc. 39: 17. 1881. Not Postia Boiss. & Blanch. 1875. Hymenophore annual, epixylous, sessile, dimidiate, simple or imbricate, rather large; surface white, anoderm, sodden and bibulous: context white, duplex, spongy above, firm below; hymenium concolorous, tubes thin-walled: spores smooth, pee Type species, Spongipellis spumeus (Sow.) Pat. Pileus more than 1 cm. thick, usually large. Tubes white or slightly discolored. Margin of pileus thick and rounded. Tubes large, 1 mm. or more across. Tubes much smaller. Margin of pileus thin, not rounded. Surface conspicuously hairy. Surface nearly glabrous. Tubes becoming very dark-colored. Tubes minute, resinous. Tubes large, 1-2toa mm., not resinous. Pileus less than 1 cm. thick, small or medium. Pileus 5 cm. or less broad: Pileus 6 cm. or more broad. Surface finely tomentose. Surface conspicuously hairy. S. unicolor. S. occidentalis. S. borealis, S. delectans, S. fissilts. S. luridescens. S. hydrophilus. S. galactinus. S. substuppeus. oO NM Aw Be Ne 1. Spongipellis unicolor (Schw.) Murrill. Boletus unicolor Schw. Schr. Nat. Ges. Leipzig 1: 97. 1822. Sistotrema spongiosum Schw. Schr. Nat. Ges. Leipzig 1: 101. 1822. (Type from North Carolina.) Polyporus labyrinthicus Fries, Elench, Fung. 83. 1828. Polyporus unicolor Fries, Epier. Myc. 458. 1838. Polyporus obtusus Berk. ‘Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 3: 390. 1839. (Type from North America.) Polyporus Schulzeri Fries, Hymen. Eur. ed. 2. 556. 1874. (Type from Hungary.) Polyporus tomentoso-quercinus A. &. Johnson, Bull. Minn. Acad. Nat. Sci. tT: 338, 1878. (Type from Minnesota.) Trametes unicolor Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 638. 1906. 38 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA {VoLUME 9 Pileus somewhat imbricate, large and spongy, at length indurate, dimidiate, sessile, often ungulate, 5-7 10-15 & 3-5 cm.; surface spongy-tomentose, hirtose, azonate, smooth, sordid-white to isabelline or fulvous; margin very thick and rounded, sterile, entire, con- colorous : context spongy-fibrous, white, indurate with age, especially below, 1-2 em. thick ; tubes very long, 2-3 cm., white to isabelline within, mouths large, irregular, often sinuous, 1-2 mm. broad, edges thin, fimbriate-dentate to slightly lacerate, white to isabelline, at length bay and resinous in appearance: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 6-8“; hyphae hyaline, 6; cystidia none. TYPE LOCALITY: North Carolina. HasitaT: Diseased living trunks of various species of oak; also found on living maples. eo ee New Jersey to Alabama and west to Mississippi and Minnesota; also in Tr ueeaione : Rep. Mo. Bot. Gard. 16: p/. 13-16 ; Kalehbr. Ic. Hymen. Hung. p/. 34, f. 1 (as Polyporus Schulzert), . Exsiccatr: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 707; Rab.-Wint. Fungi Eur. 3330. 2. Spongipellis occidentalis Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus thick, dimidiate, sessile, subimbricate, convex above, 5-87-10 XK 2-3 cm.; surface conspicuously hispid-tomentose, spongy, azonate, smooth or somewhat rugose, white to cremeous or isabelline ; margin very thick, rounded, concolorous, fertile: context soft, spongy-fibrous, white to slightly yellowish, 1-2 cm. thick; tubes long and slender, lcm. long, white to straw-colored within, fulvous in old dried specimens, mouths minute, angular, 5 to a mm., edges very thin, white to cremeous, fimbriate-dentate, becoming lacerate, collapsing and turning fulvous in old specimens: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hya- line, 4-5 & 6-7; hyphae 64; cystidia none. Type collected at Ithaca, New York, on a beech log, October 17, 1899, K. M. Wiegand. DISTRIBUTION: New York. 3. Spongipellis borealis (Fries) Pat. Tax. Hymén. 84. 1900. Polyporus borealis Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 366. 1821. Pileus sessile, subimbricate, dimidiate to flabelliform, often narrowly attached, spongy to corky, very tough, moist and juicy when fresh, 5-8 X 8-12 X 2-4 cm. ; surface uneven, soft and spongy, hirtose-tomentose, azonate, white to yellowish ; margin thin, white, entire, somewhat discolored on drying: context fibrous-coriaceous above, fibrous-woody below, white, 0.5-1.5 cm. thick; tubes 4-8 mm. long, white to pallid within, mouths angular, irregular, somewhat radiately elongate, sinuous at-times, 1-2 to a mm., stuffed when young, edges thin, white to ochraceous, dentate to lacerate: spores ovoid, smooth, hyaline, 5-6 X 3-4; hyphae 6-7; cystidia none. TYPE LOCALITY: Mountains of Smaland, Sweden, on trunks of A dies. Hapitat: Trunks of conifers. DISTRIBUTION : Europe and temperate North America. ExsiIccaTI: Romell, Fungi Scand. 15 ; Thiim. Fungi Austr. 7707 ; Karst. Finl. Fungi 238. 4. Spongipellis delectans (Peck) Murrill. se tale seca Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 11: 26. 1884.— Morgan, Jour. Cine. Soc. Nat. Hist. Pileus simple or subimbricate, sessile, dimidiate, convex or subtriangular, fleshy-fibrous to corky, 5X 5-10 X 2-5 cm. ; surface azonate, white to ochraceous-isabelline, uneven, gla- brous or slightly floccose-tomentose; margin thin, acute, concolorous, sterile: context soft and spongy above, firm and woody below, white, 1 cm. or more thick ; tubes 5-8 mm. long, white within, mouths large, subcircular or angular, somewhat irregular, 1-3 toamm., edges thin, entire to slightly dentate, white to slightly discolored: spores subglobose to ovoid, smooth, thin-walled, hyaline, 5-6 X 7-8“; hyphae 8; cystidia none. TYPE LOCALITY: Ohio. HasitTatT: Trunks of elm, maple, and other deciduous trees. DISTRIBUTION : Ohio. ILLUSTRATION : Jour. Cinc. Soc. Nat. Hist. 8: 2. J. Par? 1, 1907] POLYPORACEAE 39 5. Spongipellis fissilis (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Polyporus fissilis Berk. & Curt. Jour, Bot. & Kew Misc. 5: 234. 1853.—Grevillea 1: 50. 1872. Pileus dimidiate to flabelliform, subimbricate, elongate and decurrent behind, convex, 4-6 X 7-15 X 1-2 cm.; surface white to isabelline, at length discolored, opaque, somewhat radiate-rugose, finely spongy-tomentose, setose or fibrillose to subglabrous; margin rather thin, fertile, undulate to lobed, discolored and inflexed when dry: context conspicuously zonate, fibrous, fissile, watery and white when fresh, rigid and hard, with an unpleasant odor, on drying, 5-10 mm. thick ; tubes 3-8 mm. long, white to isabelline, at length resin- ous and bay to black, mouths angular, 2 to a mm., edges thin, nearly entire, collapsing into a rigid mass: spores ovoid, smooth, hyaline, 5 34; hyphae 5 4; cystidia none. TYPE LOCALITY : North Carolina. HABITAT: Decayed deciduous wood. DISTRIBUTION: North Carolina to Florida and Louisiana. 6. Spongipellis luridescens Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus cémpressed-ungulate, subimbricate, sessile, dimidiate, plane below, 3X5 1-2 cm.; surface smooth, spongy-tomentose, azonate, anoderm, isabelline to fulvous or fulig- inous; margin rather thick, either acute or rounded, entire, sterile, concolorous: context soft, punky, white to discolored, 3-5 mm. thick, 5-8 mm. long, white to isabelline within, darker near the mouths, which are circular to angular, sinuous and slightly irpiciform be- hind, 1-2 toa mm., edges thin, firm, corky, entire to lacerate, isabelline to fuliginous with age: spores ellipsoidal, smooth, hyaline, 3-4 K 1-2; hyphae 3 », yellowish-white ; cystidia none. Type collected at Hall’s Delight, Jamaica, 450 meters, on old stumps, October 25, 1902, #. S. Earle 114. : _ DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 7. Spongipellis hydrophilus (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Polyporus hydrophilus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn, Soc. 10: 306. 1868. Pileus thin, somewhat cespitose, flabelliform, attached by a tubercle, fleshy and very watery when fresh, becoming rigid and contorted when dry, 2-3 3-5 & 0.2-0.4 cm.; sur- face isabelline, finely hispid-tomentose, zonate and concentrically furrowed near the margin, which is very thin, incurved and bay to black in dried specimens: context fleshy to rigid and hard, white to slightly yellowish, 1-2.5 mm. thick; tubes short, 1-1.5 mm. long, white to isabelline within, mouths minute, circular to angular, 6 to a mm., collapsing, edges thin, dentate, white to isabelline, glistening: spores smooth, hyaline. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. HABITAT: On logs. _ DISTRIBUTION: Cuba; British Honduras. 8. Spongipellis galdctinus (Berk.) Pat. Tax. Hymén. 84. 1900. Polyporus galactinus Berk. Lond. Jour. Bot. 6: 321. 1847. ? Trametes maticola Berk, & Curt. Jour. Acad. Phila. 11.3: 209. 1856. (Type from Pennsylvania. ) Polyporus immitis Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 35: 135. 1884. (Type from New York.) Pileus cespitose-imbricate, soft, spongy and watery when fresh, rigid and brittle when dry, dimidiate or reniform, elongate behind, applanate or convex, much contorted on drying, 3-5 X 5-10 X0.5-1 cm.; surface hispid or strigose-tomentose, white, azonate, smooth or slightly tuberculose, becoming isabelline on drying; margin thin, but often ob- tuse, sterile, entire, discolored and inflexed when dry: context zonate, firm, fibrous-woody below, spongy above, 3-7 mm. thick; tubes 3-5 mm. long, slender, white to isabelline, mouths minute, white, glistening, angular or slightly flexuose, 6 to a mm., edges very thin, lacerate-dentate, at lengthisabelline: spores ellipsoidal, smooth, hyaline, 3-4 X1.5-2 4. TYPE LOCALITY: Waynesville, Ohio, on rotten trunks. HapitaT: Dead or diseased trunks of deciduous trees. DISTRIBUTION : Eastern Canada to Ohio. 40 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLumME 9 9. Spongipellis substuppeus (Berk. & Cooke) Murrill. Polyporus substuppeus Berk. & Cooke, Jour. Linn. Soc. 15: 380. 1877. Pileus simple or imbricate, dimidiate, umbonate-sessile or broadly attached, decurrent, 3-4 4-7 X 0.3-0.8 cm.; surface floccose, substuppeous, spongy, azonate, pale-ochraceous to discolored; margin thin, entire, easily discolored : context soft, fibrous-spongy, white to discolored, 1-3 mm. thick ; tubes 2-4 mm. long, white to pale-latericeous within, mouths large, irregular, angular, radially elongate at times, 1-3 to a mm., edges thin, dentate, white to umbrinous: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 5-7; hyphae 7; cystidia none. TYPE LOCALITY: Brazil. HasitaT: On dead wood. DISTRIBUTION: Cuba ; also in Brazil. DOUBTFUL SPECIES Boletus undulatus Schw. Schr. Nat. Ges. Leipzig 1: 96. 1822. Polyporus undulatus Fries, Elench. Fung. 87. 1828. Described from North Carolina. Type not found. Apparently near S. galactinus. . Polyporus finbriporus Schw. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. II. 4: 155. 1832. Described from specimens collected on small fallen chestnut limbs at Bethlehem, Pa. The type specimens at Philadelphia show a close relationship to S. fissz/is, but are too meager to determine the true position of the species without additional material. 29. BJERKANDERA Karst. Medd. Soc. Faun. Fl. Fenn. 5: 38. 1879. Merisma Gill. Champ. Fr. 1: 688. 1878. Not Merisma Pers. 1797. Myriadoporus Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 11: 27. 1884, Hymenophore annual, epixylous, sessile, anoderm, glabrous, azonate, corky: context white, tough or woody, not friable when dry; tubes thin-walled, more or less smoke- colored, mouths polygonal: spores smooth, hyaline. Type species, Polyporus adustus Fries, Hymenium smoke-colored when young, soon becoming black. Tubes black within. 1. B. adusia. Tubes white within, the mouths black. 2. B. albostygia. Hymenium pallid when very young, becoming more or less blackish with age. Confined to temperate regions. Tubes round, equal and rather thick-walled at maturity; plant not fra- grant. . B. fumosa. Tubes angular, unequal, thin-walled and lacerate at maturity; plant fragrant. . B. puberula. Confined to tropical regions; known only from Cuba. Pileus 5 cm. or less broad. Pileus 10-20 cm. broad. . B. terebrans. . B. subsimulans. Don F» WwW 1. Bjerkandera adusta (Willd.) Karst. Medd. Soc. Faun. Fl. Fenn. 5: 38. 1879. Boletus adustus Willd. Fl. Berol. 392. 1787. Boletus fuscoporus Planer, Ind. Pl. Erf, 26. 1788. Boletus suberosus Batsch, Elench. Fung. pl. 226. 1789. Boletus pelleporus Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 501, f. 2. 1790. Boletus carpineus Sow. Engl. Fungi pl. 277. 1799. Boletus adustus crispus Pers. Obs. Myc. 2: 8. 1799, Polyporus crispus Fries, Obs. Myc. 1: 127. 1815. Polyporus adustus Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 363. 1821. Polyporus pallescens Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 369. 1821. Boletus isabellinus Schw. Schr. Nat. Ges. Leipzig 1: 96. 1822. (Type from North Carolina.) Polyporus subcinereus Berk. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 3: 391. 1839. (Type from boreal North America.) Polyporus Halesiae Berk. & Curt, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. II. 12: 434. 1853.—Grevillea 1: 52. 1872. (Type from Georgia, on Halesia.) Polyporus Lindhetmeri Berk. & Curt. Grevillea 1: 50. 1872. (Type from Texas.) Myriadoporus adustus Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 11: 27. 1884. Polyporus Burtt Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 24: 146. 1897. (Type from Vermont, on birch wood.) Pileus cespitose-imbricate, decurrent, sometimes effused, conchate, fleshy-tough or corky, somewhat flexible when dry, 2-4 4-8 X 0.2-0.4 cm.; surface undulate, indistinctly zonate, especially near the margin, finely tomentose or villose, isabelline with slightly Parr 1, 1907] POLYPORACEAE 41 darker markings; margin thin, undulate, sterile, pallid, usually becoming black as though scorched: context fibrous-corky, white, 1-3.5 mm. thick; tubes short, 1 mm. or less, smoky-white to blackish within, mouths regular, angular, 5-6 to a mm., smoke-colored and pruinose when young, soon becoming grayish-black, edges thin, entire: spores ellip- soid-allantoid, smooth, hyaline, 3-5 X1.5-2.5 z. TYPE LOCALITY: Germany. HABITAT: Dead deciduous wood. DISTRIBUTION : Cosmopolitan. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. Herb. Fr. £/. 501, 7.2; Sow. Engl. Fungi A/. 23. ExsiccaTI: Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 206: Clements, Crypt. Form. tai 168; Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 7/6; Romell, Fungi Scand. 8; Krieger, Fungi Sax. 2319; Rab.-Wint, Fungi Eur. 2729. 2. Bjerkandera albostygia (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Polyporus albostygius Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 309. 1868. Pileus effused, resupinate to shortly reflexed, 5 mm. thick; surface pallid, finely tomentose, smooth; margin obtuse, bay-brown in dried specimens, entire, fertile, finely tuberculose: context thin, less than 1 mm., white to slightly pallid, homogeneous, some- what fragile; tubes rather long, slender, stuffed, white to yellowish within, darker near the mouths, 2-3 mm. long, mouths minute, somewhat angular, regular, even, 8 toa mm., edges black, rather thick, obtuse, entire: spores not examined. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. HaBitaT : Dead wood. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 3. Bjerkandera fumosa (Pers.) Karst. Medd. Soc. Faun. Fl. Fenn. 5: 38. 1879. ? Boletus imberbis Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 445, f. 1A. 1789. Boletus fumosus Pers. Syn. Fung. 530. 1801. v Folyporus fumosus Fries, Obs. Myc. 2: 257. 1818. ? Polyporus holmiensis. Fries, Nov. Symb. 42, 1851.—Ic. Hymen. J. 151, f. 1. ? Polyporus salignus Fries, Hymen. Eur. 452. 1871. Pileus cespitose-imbricate, fleshy-corky, firm, sessile, dimidiate, conchate, decurrent, 2-4 5-10 & 0.5-2 cm.; surface smooth, finely tomentose, pale-isabelline, subzonate at times; margin thin, concolorous, undulate, easily blackening, usually broadly sterile: con- text fibrous-corky, somewhat zonate, white to pallid, 5-15 mm. thick; tubes short, 2-3 mm. long, white to discolored within, mouths regular, even, circular, 4-5 to a mm., whitish to smoky-isabelline and finally blackish with extreme age, edges thick, entire: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 5-8; hyphae 7-8; cystidia none. TYPE LOCALITY: Europe. HasitatT: Decayed deciduous wood. DISTRIBUTION: Northern hemisphere. ExsIccaTi: Shear, N. Y. Fungi 7Z; Rab.-Wint. Fungi Eur. 3644; Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 2902. 4, Bjerkandera puberula (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Daedalea puberula Berk. & Curt. Grevillea 1: 67. 1872. . Polyporus fragrans Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 30: 45. 1878. (Type from New York, on dead elm trunks.) Bjerkandera fragrans Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 636, 1906. Pileus irregular, dimidiate, imbricate, effused-reflexed, 2.5-5 5-10 X 0.5-1.5 em. ; sur- face minutely tomentose, somewhat tuberculose, pale red-gray or alutaceous, becoming ochraceous of dull-red after rains; margin thin, concolorous, at times rugose: context fleshy-tenacious to soft-corky, slightly zoned, subfibrous, concolorous, with a distinct odor of dry seneca-grass; tubes 2 mm. long, at first whitish, becoming darker with age and black-spotted when bruised, the mouths minute, angular, unequal, 2 to a mm., at length sinuate, dissepiments thin, acute, dentate or lacerate: spores globose or ovoid, smooth, hyaline, 5-6; hyphae hyaline, 4-6; cystidia none. TYPE LOCALITY: Pennsylvania. HaBITAT: Dead trunks of deciduous trees, especially elm. DISTRIBUTION : Ontario to New Jersey, and west to Kansas. 42 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLruME 9 5. Bjerkandera terebrans (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Polyporus terebrans Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 306. 1868. Pileus subfleshy, thick, flabelliform, convex, 44-5 X1 cm., attached by a thick, laterally-compressed, concolorous, pubescent elongation resembling a stipe, but probably the result of an effort on the part of the sporophore to escape from the substratum ; surface isabelline or luteous, pubescent-scabrous, azonate, smooth; margin obtuse, entire: context white to isabelline, homogeneous, soft-corky, nearly 1 cm. thick; tubes whitish when young, fuliginous in dried specimens, less than 1 mm., mouths 4 to a mm., edges obtuse, entire: spores not examined. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. HABITAT: On dead trees. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 6. Bjerkandera subsimulans Murrill. Polyporus simulans Berk, & Curt. in Sacc. Syll. Fung. 6: 117. 1888. Not Byerkandera simulans Karst. 1888. Pileus explanate, fleshy-tough, sessile, dimidiate or fan-shaped, often attached by a narrow base, 5-10 X 10-15 & 0.3-0.7 cm.; surface smooth, partially glabrous and partially clothed with scanty, flexible hairs; margin thin, acute, broadly sterile, lobed, with a zone of appressed hairs and blackish as though scorched for 5-10 mm.: context fibrous, hard and corky when dry, white to isabelline; tubes 2-5 mm. long, white to fuliginous, mouths angular, irregular, 1-3 toa mm., edges thin: spores not examined. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. HasitaT : Dead trunks. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 30. TRAMETES Fries, Gen. Hymen. 11. 1836. Hymenophore annual, epixylous, sessile; surface anoderm, white, azonate: context white, homogeneous, coriaceous to soft-corky; hymenium concolorous, rigid; tubes thin- walled, mouths circular to irregular: spores smooth, hyaline. Type species, Polyporus suaveolens (1,.) Fries. Context punky, soft. Surface entirely white. Pileus small, less than 5 cm. broad. 1. T. nivosa. Pileus large, 10 cm. or more broad. Tubes small, 4 to a mm.; found on Robinia. 2. T. robiniophila. Tubes large, 2 to a mm.; found on Salix. 3. T. suaveolens. Surface partly brown or red, especially behind. 4. TZ. cubensis. Context corky, rather firm. Pileus effused-reflexed, surface more or less murinous. 5. T. submurina, Pileus normally expanded, surface white or yellowish. Pileus large, 10 cm. broad. 6. T. subnivosa. Pileus small, 5 cm. broad. Context about 5 mm. thick. 7. T. havannensts. Context 2-3 cm. thick. 8. 7. lignea. 1. Trametes nivosa (Berk.) Murrill. Polyporus nivosus Berk. Jour. Bot. & Kew Misc. 8: 196. 1856. Pileus sessile, dimidiate, conchate or applanate, 2-3 3-5 X1 cm,; surface smooth, anoderm, azonate, glabrous, snow-white, pale-isabelline in dried specimens; margin thin, concolorous, entire: context homogeneous, soft, punky-corky, white, 5 mm. thick; tubes 2-4 mm. long, slender, white to pallid within, mouths circular, 5 toa mm., edges thin, firm, entire, glistening, white to slightly discolored: spores smooth, hyaline. TYPE LOCALITY: Panuré, Brazil. HapiTaT: Dead wood. e DISTRIBUTION : West Indies to Brazil. 2. Trametes robiniophila Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus more or less imbricate, dimidiate, sessile, convex above, plane or concave below, sometimes undulate, 6-8 X 10-15 X 2-4 cm.; surface milk-white, azonate, anoderm, finely pubescent, becoming glabrous, uneven, slightly yellowish aud discolored with age; Par? 1, 1907] POLYPORACEAR 43 margin thick, usually obtuse, concolorous, entire: context white, soft, punky, very juicy when fresh, with a strong fungous odor, usually attacked by insects ; tubes slender, 3-5 mm. long, opaque, white to discolored.within, mouths minute, circular to very slightly angular, edges thick, entire, becoming rather thin, sordid-white to umbrinous or fuliginous in dried specimens, isabelline when bruised: spores globose, ovoid, smooth, hyaline, 6-8, in diameter. Type collected at Falls Church, Virginia, on decayed spots in living trunks of Robinia Pseuda- cacia, July 11, 1904, W. A. Murrill. DISTRIBUTION: Pennsylvania to Virginia and Missouri. 3. Trametes suaveolens (I,.) Fries, Gen. Hym. 11. 1836. Boletus suaveolens l,. Sp. P1.1177. 1753. Polyporus suaveolens Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 366. 1821. Polyporus odorus Sommerf. Suppl. Fl. Lapp. 275. 1826.—Fries, Elench. Fung. 90. 1828. Trametes odora Fries, Epicr. Myc. 491. 1838.—Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 637. 1905. Pileus large, subimbricate, dimidiate, sessile, convex above, plane or concave below, 4-6X 5-12 X 1-3 cm.; surface smooth, anoderm, azonate, finely villese-tomentose to nearly glabrous, white to pale-isabelline; margin thick, sterile, entire: context white, punky- corky, 1-2 cm. thick, very fragrant when fresh, with the odor of anise; tubes 5-15 mm. long, white within, mouths circular, 2 to a mm., edges at first very thick, white, entire, becoming thinner and often blackish with age: spores oblong-ovoid, subsinuate, smooth, hyaline, 8-9 X 3-5; hyphae 74; cystidia none. TYPE LOCALITY: Sweden. HABITAT: Decaying trunks of willow. DISTRIBUTION : Throughout the northern hemisphere. ILLUSTRATIONS: Sow. Engl. Fungi £/. 228 ; Hussey, Ill. Brit. Myc. f/. 47. ExsiccaTr: Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 10; Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 1206; Shear, N. VY. Fungi 173 ; Cavara, Fungi Longob. 16. 4. Trametes cubensis (Mont.) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 9: 198. 1891. Polyporus cubensis Mont. Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. I1.8: 364. 1837.— Mont. Pl. Cell. Cuba 404. 1842. Cubamyces cubensis Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 480. 1905. Pileus large, applanate, dimidiate, sessile, corky, rigid or subrigid, comparatively thin, 5-10 & 10-20 & 0.5-1.5 cm. ; surface pelliculose, finely tomentose to glabrous, slightly con- centrically zoned or furrowed, white to isabelline, latericeous or bay behind or in blotches, or rarely over the whole surface; margin thin, obtuse, sterile, white, entire or undulate: context soft, punky, white to slightly yellowish, 3-10 mm. thick; tubes 2-5 mm. long, slender, firm, corky, mouths very even, regular, circular, 4 toa mm., edges thick, entire, white to ochraceous: spores smooth, hyaline. Type LOCALITY: Havana, Cuba. HaBitTatT: Dead wood. DISTRIBUTION : Southern Florida, West Indies, and Central America. ILLUSTRATION : Mont. Pl. Cell. Cuba p/. 16, f. 3. : 5. Trametes submurina Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus broadly effused, reflexed, imbricate, sessile, dimidiate, laterally connate, 1-2.5 <.3-5 K 0.5-1.5 cm. ; surface rough, uneven, anoderm, finely tomentose, murinous, some- times almost white; margin rather thick, undulate, pallid: context white, zonate, fibrous- corky, firm, 5-8 mm. thick; tubes 1-2 mm. long, white to slightly yellowish within, mouths circular, quite regular, 4-5 to a mm., edges rather thick, entire, becoming thinner and slightly dentate; white to discolored: spores smooth, hyaline. Type collected at Hope Gardens, Jamaica, on old logs, November 16, 1902, #. S. Earle 483. DISTRIBUTION: Jamaica; Cuba; St. John. 6. Trametes subnivosa Murrill, sp. nov. 7 Pileus imbricate, sessile, dimidiate, laterally connate, very rigid when dry, 3-5 «6-8 <1 em.; surface finely tomentose to glabrous, smooth, anoderm, opaque, white to sordid- white, azonate; margin thin, irregular, undulate, sterile, pallid: context zonate, white to discolored, fibrous-corky, very firm, 4-7 mm. thick; tubes 24 mm. long, white within, 44 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA (VoLtuME 9 mouths regular, nearly even, 6 to a mm., edges thin, subentire, white to isabelline or avellaneous, glistening, umbrinous with age: spores smooth, hyaline. Type collected in Louisiana, on dead deciduous wood, Jartuary, 1887, 4. B. Langlois. DISTRIBUTION : Missouri, Florida, Mississippi, and Louisiana. 7. Trametes havannensis (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Polyporus havannensis Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 310. 1868. Pileus simple or subimbricate, dimidiate, convex above, plane or concave below, sessile or umbonate-sessile, 2-3 * 4-5 0.5-1 cm.; surface zonate, smooth, sometimes sulcate, finely pubescent to glabrous, ochraceous to subfulvous; margin sterile, pubescent, pallid, acute but rather thick: context firm, corky, white, homogeneous, 3-8 mm. thick ; tubes slender, 3-5 mm. long, white within, mouths circular, 4-5 to a mm., edges thick, white, entire, becoming thinner, glistening and subfulvous: spores smooth, hyaline. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. HapitaT: Dead wood. DISTRIBUTION: Cuba; St. Thomas. 8. Trametes lignea Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus ungulate, dimidiate, sessile, somewhat laterally connate, slightly decurrent, 3>6X3cm.; surface smooth, anoderm, azonate, glabrous, white to isabelline ; margin thick, obtuse, entire, concolorous: context homogeneous, woody, white, 2.5 em. thick ; tubes 5 mm. long, white within, mouths angular, irregular, averaging 3 to a mm., edges rather thin, entire, white to slightly discolored: spores smooth, hyaline. Type collected in Nicaragua, on dead timber, in 1891-2, C. L. Smith. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 31. PIPTOPORUS Karst. Rev. Myc. 3°: 17. 1881. Hymenophore annual, epixylous, umbonate-sessile; surface smooth, azonate, pellicu- lose: context white, fleshy-tough; hymenium at length separating smoothly from the context, tubes white, thick-walled: spores smooth, cylindrical, hyaline. Type species, Boletus betulinus Bull. 1. Piptoporus suberosus (1,.) Murrill, Jour. Myc. 9: 94. 1903. Boletus suberosus l,. Sp. Pl. 1176. 1753. Boletus betulinus Bull. Herb. Fr. p/. 312. 1786. Piptoporus betulinus Karst. Rev. Myc. 39: 17. 1881. Pileus fleshy to corky, compressed-ungulate, convex above, plane below, attached by a short umbo behind, varying to bell-shaped when hanging from horizontal trunks, 5-30 X 5-20 & 2-5 cm.; surface smoky, covered with a thin, separating pellicle, glabrous, devoid of markings, cracking with age; margin velvety, concolorous, obtuse, projecting beyond the hymenium nearly a centimeter: context fleshy-tough, elastic, homogeneous, 3 cm. thick, milk-white; tubes 0.5 cm. long, 2-3 to a mm., sodden-white, separated from the context by a thin pink layer, mouths very irregular, dissepiments thicker than the pores, obtuse, entire, crumbling away in age, leaving the smooth, white context: spores white, cylindrical, curved, 4-5 # in length. TYPE LOCALITY: Sweden. HABITAT: Dead or decaying trunks of species of birch. DISTRIBUTION : Northern parts of North America, Europe and Asia; extends south in the United States to New Jersey. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. Herb. Fr. loc. cit. ; Sow. Engl. Fungi J. 212. Exsiccati: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 1691 ; Jacz. Fungi Rossiae 76; Thiim. Myc. Univ. 906; Krieger, Fungi Sax. 907 ; Romell, Fungi Scand. 70; Allesch. & Schn. Fungi Bavar. 747. 32. EARLIELLA Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 478. 1905. Hymenophore medium to large, annual, epixylous, semi-resupinate, thin and dry but rigid; surface pelliculose, glabrous, zonate, more or less reddish-brown in color: context white, coriaceous, zonate; hymenium flesh-colored, tubes medium, irregular, becoming thin-walled: spores smooth, hyaline. Type species, Zarliella cubensis Murrill. Part 1, 1907] POLYPORACEAE 45 1. Earliella corrugata (Pers.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 34: 468. 1907. Polyporus corrugaius Pers; Gaud. Voy. Freyc. Bot. 172. 1826. (Type from Rawak island.) Polyporus fusco-badius Pers; Gaud. Voy. Freyc. Bot. 172. 1826. (Type from the Mariana islands.) Polyporus scabrosus Pers; Gaud. Voy. Freyc. Bot. 172. 1826. (Type from the Mariana islands.) ? Polyporus mariannus Pers; Gaud. Voy. Freyc. Bot. 173. 1826. (Typefrom the Mariana islands.) Daedalea sanguinea Klotzsch, Linnaea 8: 481. 1833. (Type from the East Indies.) ? Trametes bicolor Berk. Trans. Linn. Soc. 16: 43. 1878. "(Type from the island of Aru.) Polystictus Persoonti Cooke, Grevillea 14: 85. 1886. Trametes nitida Pat. Jour. de Bot.4: 17. 1890. (Type from Tonkin.) Earliella cubensis Mutrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 479. 1905. (Type from Herradura, Cuba.) Pileus annual, often reviving, semi-resupinate, laterally extended, conchate, imbricate, 3-6 X 5-15 X 0.2-0.5 cm.; surface thinly encrusted, glabrous, rugose, zonate, dark reddish- brown behind, or leaving a white marginal band 3-12 mm. in width; margin tumid, at length thin, undulate or lobed, fertile: context white, coriaceous, concentrically zonate ; tubes 2-3 mm. long, 2-4 to a mm., white within, the mouths deep reddish flesh-colored fading to white, dissepiments at first thick, at length becoming thin and irregular with wavy edges: spores ellipsoidal, smooth, hyaline, 3-4 5-64; cystidia none. TYPE LOCALITY: East Indies. HABITAT: Dead deciduous wood. DISTRIBUTION : In all tropical regions. DOUBTFUL, SPECIES Polyporus rudis Lév. Ann. Sci. Nat. TIT. 5: 133. 1846. Polyporus subfulvus Cooke, Trans. Bot. Soc. Edinb. 13: 153. 1878. Collected on trunks in Guadeloupe by L’Her- minier. The description suggests faded specimens of £. corrugata. 33. RIGIDOPORUS Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 478. 1905, Hymenophore annual, at times reviving, epixylous, sessile, dimidiate to circular, sim- ple or imbricate; surface pelliculose, multizonate, margin thin, incurved when dry: con- text thin, white, fleshy-corky, very rigid when dry; tubes minute, regular, light-colored, mouths usually pruinose when young: spores smooth, hyaline. Type species, Polyporus micromegas Mont. Pileus effused, very narrowly reflexed. 1. R. microsiomus. Pileus circular, fixed at the center. 2. R. evolutus. Pileus normally expanded, dimidiate or fan-shaped, sometimes decurrent. Tubes very short, 0.5-1.5 mm. long. Pileus latericeous to bay with isabelline lines ; tubes 6-7 toa mm. 3. R. substereinus. Pileus bay to blackish ; tubes 10 to a mm. 4. R. Liebmanni. Tubes rather slender, 2-4 mm. long. Edges very obtuse. 5. R. contrarius, Edges thin. 6. R. surinamensis, 1. Rigidoporus microstomus (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Polyporus microstomus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 309. 1868. Pileus effused, laterally connate, very shortly reflexed, 1-4 1-1.5 & 0.2-0.4 cm., the reflexed portion very narrow, latericeous, finely pubescent to glabrous, faintly zonate, with athin, undulateor slightlylobed, yellowish-white margin: context very thin, white, fibrous ; tubes long and slender, 2-3 mm., white within, mouths minute, 7 to a mm., ochraceous or flesh-colored, edges obtuse, entire: spores not examined. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. HaBitaT: Dead wood. . DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 2. Rigidoporus evolutus (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Polyporus evolutus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 308, 1868. Pileus fleshy-tough, rigid when dry, circular, fixed at the center, 1-2.5 cm. broad, 1-2 mm, thick; surface multizonate, radiate-rugose, tomentose to resinous-glabrous, latericedus, with ochraceous blotches, black behind; margin thin, acute, undulate to slightly lobed, ochraceous: context very thin, pallid, fibrous; tubes pallid, 1-1.5 mm. long, mouths 46 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 minute, 7 toa mm., subcircular, edges white to yellowish-discolored, thin, dentate: spores not examined. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. HapitaT: Dead trees, DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 3. Rigidoporus substereinus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus thin, coriaceous, rigid and inflexed when dry, dimidiate, attached by a narrow base, applanate, 1-3 1.5-5 <0.1-0.2 cm. ; surface smooth, shining, glabrous, conspicu- ously zonate, radiate-rugose, latericeous to bay, with isabelline lines, much resembling a Stereum ; margin very thin, smooth, cremeous, broadly sterile below, sharply inflexed on drying : context exceedingly thin, white, fibrous; tubes minute, 0.5-1.5 mm. long, white to pallid within, mouths very even, regular, angular, inconspicuous, 6-7 toa mm., edges thin, entire, whitish-pruinose to ochraceous or pale flesh-colored : spores smooth, hyaline. Type collected at the base of El Yunque, Cuba, on dead sticks in woods, March, 1903, L. M. Underwood & FS. Earle 1211, DISTRIBUTION : Cuba ; British Honduras. 4. Rigidoporus Liebmanni (Fries) Murrill. Polyporus Liebmannt Fries, Nov. Symb. 59. 1851. Polyporus stereinus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 308. 1868. (Type from Cuba.) Pileus fleshy to woody, hard and horny when dry, thin, flabelliform or obovate, sessile, convex, 1.5-2 243 X 0.2-0.4 em.; surface multizonate, glabrous, bay or blackish, often rugose behind; margin thin, entire, pallid, sterile, inflexed when dry: context very thin, white, fibrous, brown and very fragile in type specimens; tubes slender, 1-1.5 mm. long, white to pallid within, mouths whitish-pruinose to yellowish-brown, subcircular, incon- spicuous, even, regular, 10 to a mm., edges thin, entire: spores ovoid, smooth, hyaline. TYPE LOCALITY: Mirador, Mexico. HapBitat: Dead wood. . DISTRIBUTION: Mexico, Cuba, and Porto Rico. 5. Rigidoporus contrarius (Cooke) Murrill. Fomes contrarius Cooke, Grevillea 15: 21. 1886. Pileus attached by the vertex, subcircular to dimidiate, applanate, fleshy-corky, rigid when dry, 3-6 5-11 X0.3-0.5 cm.; surface ochraceous, soon becoming brown, zonate, tomentose, at length glabrous, slightly concentrically sulcate; margin thin, entire or undu- late, sterile, ochraceous, easily bruised: context thin, fibrous-corky, pallid, 1-3 mm. thick ; tubes pallid, 2-4 mm. long, mouths circular, regular, white to discolored, 5 to a mm., edges very obtuse, entire, glistening: spores smooth, hyaline. TYPE LOCALITY : Cuba. Haszirat: Dead trunks. DISTRIBUTION: Cuba. 6. Rigidoporus surinamensis (Miq.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 34: 473. 1907. ? Polyporus detonsus Fries, Linnaea 5: 519. 1830. (Type from Brazil.) Polyporus surinamensis Mig. Bull, Sci. Phys, Nat. Néerl. 1839: 454, 1839. ? Polyporus inconspicuus Miq. Bull. Sci. Phys. Nat. Néerl. 1839: 454. 1839. (Type from Guiana.) Polyporus micromegas Mont. Pl. Cell. Cuba 423. 1842, (Type from Cuba.) Polyporus zonalis Berk. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 10: Suppl. 375. 1843. (Type from Ceylon.) Polyporus plumbeus Lév. Ann. Sci. Nat. III. 5: 136. 1846. (Type from Guadeloupe.) Polystictus rufopictus Cooke, Grevillea 15: 23. 1886. (Type from Cuba.) . Rigidoporus micromegas Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 478. 1905. Pileus imbricate-multiplex, laterally connate, sessile, dimidiate or reniform, fleshy- corky, rigid when dry, convex or applanate, 2-3 X 2.5-5 X 0.3-0.6 cm.; surface multizo- nate, smooth or rugulose, pruinose to glabrous, isabelline to latericeous ; margin acute, thin, inflexed, entire or undulate, often obtuse with age: context very thin, white, fibrous, 1-2 mm. thick; tubes white, 2-4 mm. long, slender, mouths minute, circular to angular, regu- Part 1, 1907] POLYPORACEAE a7 lar, even, 6 to a mm., edges thin, entire, white to pallid, becoming discolored with age: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 34.54; hyphae difform, varying from 2 to 9p. TYPE LOCALITY: Surinam. HaBitTat: Water-soaked trunks of broad-leaved trees, DISTRIBUTION : Tropical America and Gulf States. ILLUSTRATION : Berk. loc. cit. pl. 10, f. 5. 34. PORODISCULUS Murrill. Enslinia Fries, Summa Veg. Scand. 399. 1849. Not Azslinia Reichenb. 1827. Porodiscus Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 30: 432. 1903. Not Porodiscus Grev. 1863. Hymenophore small, annual, tough, epixylous, erumpent from the lenticels of dead branches: stipe attached to the vertex of the pileus, usually curved at maturity: context white, fibrous, tubes cylindrical, short, one-layered, mouths constricted: spores globose, smooth, hyaline. Type species, Peziza pendula Schw. 1. Porodisculus pendulus (Schw.) Murrill. Peziza pendula Schw. Schr, Nat. Ges. Leipzig 1: 92. 1822. Sphaeria pocula Schw. Proc. Acad. Phila. 4: 189. 1832. (Type f om New York.) Polyporus cupulaeformis Berk, & Curt. Grevillea 1: 38. 1872. (Type from South Carolina.) Porodiscus pendulus Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 30: 433. 1903. Pilei gregarious, erumpent from the lenticels of dead branches. Pileus very small, turbinate-cup-shaped, attached at the vertex, soon decurved and pendant, 1-2 mm. broad, 3-5 mm. long; surface anoderm, azonate, smooth, umbrinous, uniformly covered with a brown powder, often ashy-white with age; margin inflexed, concolorous, sterile: context white, fibrous, very thin; tubes very short, annual, white within, mouths circular, con- stricted, white, pruinose, becoming concolorous, 6-7 toa mm., edges entire: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 4: stipe 2 mm. or less in length, vertically attached, gradually ex- panding into the pileus, which it resembles in surface and context. TYPE LOCALITY: North Carolina. HABITAT: Fallen dead twigs and branches of chestnut, oak, hickory, ash, sumac, red cedar, ete. DISTRIBUTION: Connecticut to Florida, Missouri, and Nicaragua. ExsiccaTI: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 308 ; Rav. Fungi Am. 2/0; Rab.-Wint. Fungi Eur. 3328 ; Rav. Fungi Car.1: 10; Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 2728. ILLUSTRATION : Jour. Linn. Soc. 20: pl. 47. 35. HEXAGONA Pollini, Pl. Nov. 35. 1816. Hymenophore sfnall, annual, epixylous, flabelliform to reniform, rarely circular, stipi- tate, the stipe sometimes much reduced ; surface smooth or tessellate; margin thin : con- text thin, white, fibrous, fleshy to tough, usually fragile when dry; hymenium of radiating rows of large, thin-walled, hexagonal tubes, usually radially elongate: spores smooth, hyaline. Type species, Hexagona Mori Pollini. Tubes unequally hexagonal, the radial walls longer. Pileus white or nearly so. Surface of pileus not distinctly tomentose. Pileus reniform at maturity, stipe usually much reduced; species not tropical. Tubes large ; surface of pileus decorated with imbricated red- dish- brown fibrils, which disappear with age. 1. HY. alveolaris, Tubes much smaller, the mouths rarely over 1 mm. long and 0.5 mm. broad; surface of pileus glabrous. 2. A. striatula. Pileus flabelliform, stipe usually very distinct, equaling the pileus at times in length; species tropical. Stipe 5-10 mm. in diameter. Tubes 1 mm. in length. 3. A. princeps. Tubes 3-6 mm. in length. 4. H. pseudoprinceps. Stipe 1-3 mm, in diameter. Pileus 3 cm. or less in diameter. Tubes flesh-colored, 2 mm. wide. 5. H. Maxoni, Tubes pallid, 1 mm. wide. 6. H. floridana. Pileus 4 cm. or more in diameter. Margin entire, often pellucid. 7. H. daedalea, Margin ciliate or denticulate. 48 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VorumME 9 Surface minutely checkered. 8. A. ee Surface not checkered. 9. H. fragilis. Surface of pileus distinctly tomentose. eh eat Context thin, translucent. 10. H. reniformts. Context thick, opaque. Surface tessellate ; stipe distinct. i. A. ee Surface not tessellate ; stipe a mere tubercle. 12. H. caperatia. Pileus purple or brown. . Pileus purple or purplish-brown ; stipe lateral or excentric. Pileus subcircular; stipe excentric, tubes 2.5 mm. long. 13. H. subpurpurascens. Pileus spatulate; stipe lateral, tubes 1.5 mm. long. 14. A. purpurascens. Pileus brown ; stipe distinctly central. : . Margin entire. 15, HY. portoricensts. Margin ciliate. 16. H. hondurensis. Tubes equally hexagonal. : Pileus re. J 17. H. induraia, Pileus yellow or brown. Tubes merulioid. 18. HY. brunneola. Tubes of normal length. 19. H. cucullata. 1. Hexagona alveolaris (DC.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 327. 1904. Merulius alveolaris DC. Fl. Fr. 6: 43. 1815. Hexagona Mori Poliini, Pl. Nov. 35. 1816. (Type from Europe.) Cantharellus alveolaris Fries, Syst. Myc 1: 322. 1821. Boletus arcularius Schw. Schr. Nat. Ges. Leipzig 1: 95. 1822. Favolus canadensis Klotesch, Linnaea 7: 197. 1832. (Type from Canada.) ? Favolus Boucheanus Klotesch, Linnaea 8: 316. pl. 5.7.2. 1833. (Type from Europe.) Favolus europaeus Fries, Epicr. Myc. 498. 1838. (Type from Europe.) Polyporus Boucheanus peponinus Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. II. 12: 432. 1853. (Type from South Carolina.) . Favolus ohiensis Berk. & Mont.; Mont. Syll. Crypt. 171. 1856. (Type from Ohio.) ; Favolus alveolaris Quél. Ench. Fung. 185. 1886.—Fairman, Proc. Rochester Acad. Sci. 2: 162. 1895. Pileus reniform. to circular, convex-plane, depressed behind, 3-4 X 5-7 X 0.2-0.5 cm.; surface at first fulvous, strigose-squamose, at length pallid and almost glabrous ; margin at first thin, entire, incurved, becoming thicker and undulate or lobed: context white, opaque, 1-2 mm. thick ; tubes decurrent, white to pallid, 24 mm. long, mouths 1-1.5 x 2-3 mm., edges thin, rigid, dentate: spores ellipsoidal, smooth, hyaline, 10-14 444.54: stipe usually a lateral tubercle, at times excentric or central, varying in length. TYPE LOCALITY: Southern France. HaszitatT: Fallen branches and other forms of dead deciduous wood. DISTRIBUTION : North America; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATION: Pollini, loc. cit. pl. 2, 3. ExsiccaTi: Underw. & Cook, Illust. Fungi 77; Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 604. 2. Hexagona striatula (Ellis & Ev.) Murrill. Favolus striatulus Ellis & Ev. Am. Nat. 31: 339. 1897. Hexagona micropora Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 328. 1904. (Type from Bar Harbor, Maine.) Pileus flabelliform to reniform or rarely circular, convex, usually umbilicate or de- pressed behind, 2-4 « 2.5 & 0.2-0.4 cm.; surface smooth, glabrous, straw-colored to cream- colored; margin acute, undulate or slightly lobed, rarely reflexed, irregularly denticulate, dark-brown, as if scorched: context white, 1-2 mm. thick; tubes decurrent, ochraceous, 1-2 mm. long, mouths 4-6-angled, 0.3-0.5 x 0.6-1 mm., edges rather firm, beset with small, sharp teeth: spores ellipsoidal, smooth, hyaline, 3 X94: stipe lateral to excentric, rarely central, slightly enlarged below, concolorous, minutely tomentose to subglabrous, 1-7 mm. long, 3-5 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Mt. Cuba, Delaware, on dead branches in woods. HasitaT: Dead trunks and fallen sticks of birch, beech and other deciduous trees. DISTRIBUTION : Canada and the Northern United States south to Delaware and west to Wis- consin,. 3. Hexagona princeps (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 329. 1904. Favolus princeps Berk, & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 321. 1868. Pileus reniform, convex, 9X 6 X 0.4-0.6 cm.; surface fulvous, finely tomentose, smooth; margin thin, entire or undulate, inflexed when dry: context fleshy-tough, white, opaque ; Par? 1, 1907] POLYPORACEAER 49 tubes decurrent, fuscous when dry, 1 mm. long, 4-6-angled, mouths 1 1.5 mm., edges thin, dentate: spores ellipsoidal, smooth, hyaline: stipe lateral, tapering downward, fulvous, velvety, 3 cm. long, 1-5 cm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. HasitatT: Dead wood. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 4. Hexagona pseudoprinceps Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus reniform, convex, depressed behind, 3.5 < 4.5 0.5-1 cm.; surface glabrous, delicately radiate-striate, discolored on drying; margin thick, entire, strongly inflexed when dry: context fleshy-tough, white, opaque; tubes decurrent, white, discolored on drying, 3-6 mm. long, 4-6-angled, mouths 1 X 2 mm., sometimes confluent in age, edges thin, entire or slightly toothed: spores ellipsoidal, smooth, hyaline: stipe excentric to lateral, concolorous, glabrous, or slightly hispid, 5 mm. long, 7 mm. thick. Type collected on dead wood, at Carmelita, Porto Rico, F. S. Earle 172. DISTRIBUTION : Known only ‘from the type locality. 5. Hexagona Maxoni Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus irregularly reniform, applanate, 1-2 * 1.5-3 X 0.1 cm.; surface glabrous, tessel- late, straw-colored on drying ; margin thin, denticulate, undulate to lobed : context fleshy- tough, membranous, white, opaque; tubes slightly decurrent, darker than the pileus, with a tinge of flesh-color, 0.5-1.5 mm. long, 4-6-angled, mouths 1.5 2-3 mm., smaller near the margin, edges thin, entire or undulate: spores ellipsoidal, smooth, hyaline: stipe lateral, tapering, concolorous, glabrous, 2-3 mm. long, 1-2 mm. thick, not umbilicate above. Type collected on a rotten branch in the forest, near Secanquim, Guatemala, 550 meters, Janu- ary 7,1905, W. R. Maxon & R. H. Hay 3207. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 6. Hexagona floridana Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 330. 1904. Pileus flabelliform, applanate, depressed behind, 2 « 2.5-3 0.2 cm.; surface finely hispid, pure white, becoming straw-colored on drying, faintly radiate-striate; margin slightly undulate, tessellate at times, fringed with numerous slender cilia: context very thin, white, membranous, wholly translucent; tubes decurrent, white, becoming ochrace- ous, 1.5-2 mm. long, normally hexagonal, mouths 0.5-1 X 2-3 mm., not radially confluent, edges thin, fimbriate: spores ellipsoidal, smooth, hyaline, 9X44: stipe lateral, subequal, scutate at the base, concolorous, hispid, 2-5 mm. long, 1-2 mm. thick, always umbilicate above. TYPE LOCALITY: Miami, Florida. HasitTaT: Old logs in rich woods. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 7. Hexagona daedalea (Link) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 328. 1904. Merulius daedaleus Link, Dissert. 1: 37. 1795. . Daedalea brasiliensis Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 332. 1821. (Type from Brazil.) Favolus brasiliensis Fries, Elench, Fung. 44. 1828.—Linnaea 5: 511. 1830. ? Favolus guadalupensis Lév. Ann. Sci. Nat. 110.5: 144. 1846. (Type from Guadeloupe.) Favolus Friesti Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 321. 1868. (Type from Costa Rica.) Favolus hispidulus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 321. 1868. (Type from Cuba.) Hexagona Wilsonit Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 329. 1904. (Type from the Luquillo moun- tains, Porto Rico.) Pileus spatulate-obovate to reniform, applanate, usually attenuate behind, 4-8 < 2-6 0.1-0.3 cm.; surface white when fresh, radiate-striate, finely tomentose to glabrous, hispid behind, tessellate near the margin, which is thin, often pellucid, undulate, at times fimbriate, lobed or fissured with age: context fleshy, fragile when dry, white, often parti- ally translucent; tubes decurrent, concolorous, 1-2 mm. long, 4-6-angled, mouths very variable in size, 1-2.5 X 3-7 mm., smaller near the margin, edges thin, but apparently firm, at length splitting into irregular teeth: spores ellipsoidal, smooth, hyaline, 9-12 4-5Sy: 50 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VOLUME 9 stipe lateral, concolorous, hispid-tomentose, 0.5-1 cm. long, 2-5 mm. thick, usually dilated at the base. TYPE LOCALITY: Brazil. HaspitTat: Fallen trunks and other decayed timber. DISTRIBUTION : Gulf States and tropical America. ILLUSTRATION: Linnaea 5: pl. 11. f. 1. 8. Hexagona tessellatula Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 330. 1904. Pileus flabelliform, convex, depressed behind, 1-3 2-4 0.2 cm.; surface delicately and closely tessellate, finely hispid, becoming glabrous, white, yellowish when dry ; mar- gin thin, denticulate, slightly incurved when dry, frequently brown and hygrophanous : context white, membranous, translucent ; tubes decurrent, white, 2 mm. long, 4-6-angled, mouths 1X3 mm., at length radially confluent, edges thin, lacerate : spores ellipsoidal, smooth, hyaline, 2-guttulate, 3 10: stipe lateral, short, slightly enlarged below, con- colorous, hispid, 3-5 mm. long, 2-3 mm. thick, usually umbilicate above. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. Hasitat: Dead wood. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 9. Hexagona fragilis Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 329. 1904. Pileus flabelliform, convex, depressed behind, 2-3 X 2-4 X 0.1-0.3 cm.; surface densely hispid, especially behind, faintly radiate-striate, pure white, becoming straw-colored in dying; margin quite thick for the genus, nearly regular in outline, usually inflexed when dry, partly hygrophanous at times, beset with short, fimbriate, fugacious hairs: context thin, white, partially translucent, quite fragile when dry; tubes decurrent, white, 2-3 mm. long, 4-6-angied, mouths 1 X4 mm., becoming radially confluent and gill-like, edges thin, lacerate, the divisions fimbriate: spores ellipsoidal, smooth, hyaline, 4-510 uw: stipe lateral, subequal, concolorous, hispid, short, 5 mm. long, 2.5 mm. thick, rarely umbilicate above. TYPE LOCALITY: Jamaica. HapitaT: Fence-posts of Chrysophylium. DISTRIBUTION : Jamaica. 10. Hexagona reniformis Murrill, sp.nov. Pileus reniform, slightly convex, 2-4’X 2+4.5 X 0.2-0.4 cm.; surface densely tomentose, tessellate near the margin, pallid, yellowish-brown on drying; margin undulate, rather thick, entire: context fleshy-tough, membranous, white, partially translucent; tubes not decurrent, white, becoming yellowish-brown on drying, 1-2 mm. long, 4-6-angled, mouths 1.5 2-2.5 mm., edges entire: spores ellipsoidal, smooth, hyaline: stipe lateral, equal, concolorous or lighter, tomentose, 0.5-1 cm. long, 2.5-5 mm. thick, not umbilicate above. Type collected on decayed deciduous wood, in hammocks near the homestead trail, Florida, May, 1904, 7. K. Small & P. Wilson 2067. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 11. Hexagona subcaperata Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus flabelliform, convex, somewhat attenuate and depressed behind, 4-6 5-8 X 0.3-0.5 cm.; surface distinctly tomentose, pale-ochraceous, rather coarsely checkered ; margin abruptly acute, entire, often brownish and much deflexed when dry: context white, thin, opaque; tubes decurrent, white when fresh, discolored on drying, 34 mm. long, mouths large and angular, 1~-1.5 & 2-2.5 mm., often radially confluent with age, much con- torted on drying, edges thin, lacerate, the divisions fimbriate: spores ellipsoidal, smooth, hyaline: stipe lateral, slightly tapering downward, lighter than the pileus in dried speci- mens, minutely tomentose, 1 cm. long, 5 mm. thick, neither umbilicate above nor scutate below. Type collected on dead logs at Port Antonio, Jamaica, November 24, 1902, 7. S. Earle 622. DISTRIBUTION : Jamaica. Part 1, 1907] POLYPORACEAE 61 12. Hexagona caperata (Pat.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 331. 1904. Favolus caperatus Pat. Bull. Soc. Myc. Fr. 18: 171. 1902. Pileus convex, attenuate at the base; surface striate, pallid to reddish-brown, with a conspicuous covering of short grayish hairs, which partly disappear with age; margin more or less incised or lobed, deflexed, neither ciliate nor tessellate : context fleshy, white; tubes deep, white, angular, concolorous, with large, soft, fleshy, fimbriate dissepiments : spores ovoid-cylindrical, smooth, hyaline, 10-125; cystidia none: stipe wanting, or a mere rounded lateral tubercle. TYPE LOCALITY: Guadeloupe. HaBITaT: Dead trunk of Brysonima spicata. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 13. Hexagona subpurpurascens Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus subcircular, convex, depressed at the center, 1-1.5 &1-1.5X0.1-0.2 cm.; sur- face reddish-brown with purple areoles, subpruinose to glabrous ; margin very thin, entire, strongly inflexed on drying: context fleshy-tough, membranous, white, opaque; tubes decurrent, white, 1-1.5 mm. long, 4-6-angled,. mouths 11.5 mm., edges thin, entire: spores ellipsoidal, smooth, hyaline: stipe excentric, slightly tapering, white, 0.5-1 cm. long, 1.5mm. thick. Type collected on dead sticks in woods at Sioseeiowii, Jamaica, November 22, 1902, &. S. Earle 557. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 14. Hexagona purpurascens (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 331. 1904. Favolus purpurascens Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 321. 1868. Pileus spatulate to flabelliform, 1.5-2.5>< 1-4 X0.1-0.3 cm.; surface lurid-purple, glabrous; margin thin, entire, incurved when dry: context fleshy-tough, white, opaque; tubes decurrent to the base of the stipe, lighter than the pileus, 2 mm. long, 4-6-angled, mouths 1-1.5X2-2.5 mm., edges thin, becoming lacerate: spores ellipsoidal, smooth, hyaline: stipe lateral, equal, more or less hispid, 4 mm. long, 1-2 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. Hasitat: Trunks of trees. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 15. Hexagona portoricensis Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 331. 1904. : Pileus centrally stipitate, circular, deeply umbilicate, 4 x 0.3 cm.; surface subglabrous, ‘umbrinous, the center concolorous ; margin entire, not very thin, muchinflexed when dry: context white, fibrous, 1 mm. thick, opaque; tubes somewhat decurrent, white, 2 mm. long, 4-6-angled, mouths 13 mm., smaller and more regular near the margin, edges thin, fimbriatulate: spores ellipsoidal, smooth, hyaline, 2-guttulate, 3-5 K 8-10: stipe central, compressed, slightly tapering downward, subconcolorous, minutely tomentose, 2 em. long, 4 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: “Porto Rico. HapsitaT: Decaying wood in the mountains. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 16. Hexagona hondurensis Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 331. 1904. Pileus centrally stipitate, circular, slightly umbilicate, 24> 0.05 cm.; surface faintly radiate-striate, subglabrous, fulvous, the center fuliginous; margin thin, regular, tessel- late, inflexed when dry, fringed with numerous short, fugacious cilia: context white, fibrous, 0.25 mm. thick, translucent near the margin; tubes adnate, white, 0.3 mm. long, hexagonal, radially elongate, mouths 1X2 mm., much smaller near the margin, edges 52 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VOLUME 9 thin, subentire: spores ellipsoidal, smooth, hyaline, 3.59: stipe central, equal, con- colorous, pruinose to glabrous, 2-3 cm. long, 2 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY : Honduras. Hasitat: Dead logs near the coast. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 17. Hexagona indurata (Berk.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 332. 1904. Favolus induratus Berk. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 11.9: 198. 1852. Pileus reniform, slightly convex, attached by the vertex, 2.5X30.2-0.3 cm.; surface liver-colored, glabrous, usually tessellate; margin rather thick, entire: context fleshy- tough, white, opaque; tubes lighter than the pileus, subhexagonal, 1-1.5 mm. long, mouths 1 mm. or less in diameter, edges entire to toothed: spores ellipsoidal, smooth, hyaline. TYPE LOCALITY: Hispaniola. HasitTaT: Dead wood. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 18. Hexagona brunneola (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 331. 1904. Favolus brunneolus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn: Soc. 10: 321. 1868. Pileus flabelliform, wedge-shaped behind, 2.5 X 2.5 X0.1-0.2 cm.; surface brown, glabrous, rugulose when dry; margin thin, undulate or lobed: context fleshy-tough, mem- branous, white, opaque; tubes discolored, very short, much less than a mm., subhexag- onal, mouths 1 mm. in diameter, edges entire: spores ellipsoidal, smooth, hyaline: stipe spurious or a mere lateral disc. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. HABITAT: Dead wood. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 19. Hexagona cucullata (Mont.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 332. 1904. Favolus cucullatus Mont. Pl. Cell. Cuba 378. 1842. Favolus curtipes Berk. & Curt. Jour. Bot. & Kew. Misc. 1: 234. 1849. (Type from Santee river, South Carolina.) Hexagona Taxodti Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club. 31: 332. 1904. (Type from Miami, Florida.) Pileus reniform, convex, umbonate-sessile, 3-6 X 6-8 & 0.2 cm.; surface glabrous, often radiate-striate, cream-colored to ochraceous, plane, or marked with two or three broad undulations from center to margin, which is thin, entire, irregularly undulate or lobed and deflexed when dry: context fleshy-tough, white, homogeneous, 0.5 mm. thick; tubes ochraceous to dark-fulvous, hexagonal, not radially elongate, very variable in size, 1.5-3.5 mm. long, 1-3 mm. wide, edges thin, finely denticulate: spores ellipsoidal, smooth, hyaline, 147, copious: stipe a mere scutate disk nearly a centimeter in breadth. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. HapitatT: Dead wood. DISTRIBUTION : Southeastern United States and Tropical America. ILLUSTRATION : Mont. Pl. Cell. Cuba p/. 14, f. 2. DOUBTFUL SPECIES Favolus velutipes Fries, Nov. Symb. 104. 1851. Ocrsted’s outline drawing and notes which formed the basis of Fries’ description are still to be seen at Copenhagen, but these are hardly sufficient to distinguish the species properly from its numerous congeners. 36. MICROPORELLUS Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 483. 1905. Hymenophore thin, annual, epixylous, usually flabelliform, stipitate, the stipe variously attached and sometimes much reduced; surface anoderm, multizonate: context thin, white, fibrous, rigid and fragile when dry; tubes very minute, regular, thin-walled, fragile when dry: spores smooth, hyaline. Type species, Polyporus dealbatus Berk. & Curt. Part 1, 1907] POLYPORACEAE 53 Pileus white or pale-brown, unchanging. Tubes entire. 1. M. dealbatus. Tubes lacerate. 2. M. unguicularts. Pileus ochraceous or sordid, becoming bay or black with age or on drying. Pileus ochraceous, becoming bay. 3. M. porphyritis. Pileus sordid, becoming black. 4. MW. holotephrus. 1. Microporellus dealbatus (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 483. 1905. Polyporus dealbatus Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. II. 12: 432. 1853. Polyporus mutabilis Berk. & Curt. Ann, Mag. Nat. Hist. II. 12: 433. 1853. Polyporus petaliformis Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 307. 1868. Polyporus polygrammus Berk. & Curt. Jour: Linn. Soc. 10: 307. 1868. Polyporus Ravenelit Berk. & Curt. Grevillea 1: 38. 1872. Polystictus cretatus Cooke, Trans. Bot. Soc. Edinb. 13: 137. 1878. Polyporus cervicornis Cooke, Grevillea 17: 59. 1889. (Type from St. Lucia.) Fomes bomfimensis P. Henn. Hedwigia 43: 175. 1904. (Type from Bom Fim, Amazonas, Brazil.) Pileus thin, coriaceous, slightly flexible but easily broken, flabelliform or spatulate, conchate, 2-6 < 3-7 & 0.1-0.2 cm.; surface finely tomentose to glabrous, hirtose behind, radiate-striate, zonate, dealbate, the zones often light-fulvous; margin very thin, sterile, sericeous, undulate to lobed or cleft, inflexed and often splitting when dry: context white, very thin, fibrous, fragile; tubes white to isabelline within, scarcely a mm. in length, mouths minute, angular, 8-10 to a mm., edges thin, entire, glistening, whitish when young, becoming discolored: spores smooth, hyaline: stipe variable, often wanting, 0-7 cm. long, 2-7 mm. thick, scutate at the base, expanding into the pileus, laterally attached, rarely excentric, usually compressed, with surface and substance resembling that of the pileus. TYPE LOCALITY: South Carolina. Hasitat : Dead wood, especially buried wood. DISTRIBUTION: Tropical America, and northward in the United States as far as Delaware and Missouri. , ExsiccaTi: Rav. Fungi Am. 109; Rav. Fungi Car. 3: 10; Ule, Myc. Bras. 47. 2. Microporellus unguicularis (Fries) Murrill. Polystictus unguicularis Fries, Nov. Symb. 76. 1851. Pileus thin, coriaceous, reniform or flabelliform, attached by an attenuate base, 2-3 cm. broad, 1-3 mm. thick ; surface uniformly ochroleucous, very smooth, concentrically striate, radiate-lineate ; margin acute, incurved when dry: context very thin, less than 1 mm., fibrous, somewhat fragile, watery-white; tubes 0.5-1 mm. long, pallid to yellowish, mouths irregular, angular, 2-4 to a mm., edges white to pallid, thin, fimbriate-dentate, at length lacerate: spores not examined. TYPE LOCALITY : Mexico. HasitaT: Dead trunks. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 3. Microporellus porphyritis (Berk.) Murrill. Polyporus porphyritis Berk. Jour. Bot. & Kew Misc. 8: 196. 1856. Pileus thin, coriaceous, flabelliform, 4-5 < 5-6 X 0.1-0.3cm.; surface pelliculose, ochra- ceous to light-bay, zonate, glabrous; margin thin, ochraceous, undulate: context fibrous- corky, 1-1.5 mm. thick, pallid; tubes short, less than 1 mm., mouths minute, 5-6 to a mm., pallid to discolored, very regular, subangular, edges thin, entire, at first obtuse, becoming acute: spores not examined: stipe variable, short, slightly lighter than the pileus, 5-10 mm. long, 5-8 mm. thick, resembling the pileus in surface and substance. TYPE LOCALITY: Panuré, Brazil. HapitatT: Dead wood. : ; DISTRIBUTION: Cuba; also in Brazil. 4. Microporellus holotephrus (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 484. 1905. Polyporus holotephrus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 315. 1868. Pileus thin, coriaceous, fan-shaped, attenuate behind, laterally attached, 2-5 2-6 0.1 cm.; surface conspicuously scabrous, tomentose, zonate, radiate-lineate, brown, 54 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 tinged with wine-color, becoming very blackish and opaque in type specimens; margin extremely thin, even or undulate: context tough, fibrous, very thin, discolored in type specimens ; tubes extremely short, angular, 8 to a mm., edges thin, entire, white to dis- colored, nearly black in type specimens: spores not examined . stipe laterally attached, compressed, sometimes wanting, rarely over 2 cm. in length or 5 mm. in breadth, expand+ ing into the pileus, which it resembles in surface and substance. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. HaBitaT: Dead wood. DISTRIBUTION : Cuba; reported also from Guiana. 37. POLYPORUS (Micheli) Paulet, Traité Champ. A/. 23. 1812? Polyporus Adans. Fam.2: 10; hyponym. 1763. Polyporelius Karst. Medd. Soc. Faun. Fl. Fenn. 5: 37. 1879. Leucoporus Quél, Ench. Fung. 165. 1886. Cerioporus Quél. Ench. Fung. 167. 1886. Melanopus Pat. Hymén. Eur. 137. 1887. Hymenophore annual, epixylous, small and simple, very rarely large and compound : stipe central, excentric or lateral, much reduced at times in a few species, often partly or wholly brown or black ; surface usually smooth, the margin at times ciliate: context white or yellowish, fibrous, tough to corky; hymenium porose, at times alveolate: spores smooth, hyaline. Type species, Polyporus Ulmi Paulet. Stipe pallid or light-brown, centrally attached, not darker than the pileus. Margin of pileus devoid of cilia. Pileus beset, especially near the margin, with hydnoid processes. 1. P. hydniceps. Pileus ornamented with conspicuous tufts of fibrils, which are larger ; and darker toward the center. 2. P. fagicola. Pileus plainly villose, tomentose or scabrous, often becoming gla- brous with age. Pileus scabrous, irregular, umbrinous, margin involute; stipe sca- ‘ brous ; tubes small, 4 to amm., dissepiments dentate. 3. P. scabriceps. Pileus villose or tomentose. Pileus becoming virgate from the rupture of the cuticle; tubes 2toamm., decurrent, dissepiments dentate. 4. P. virgatus. Pileus not becoming virgate. Pileus less than 2 cm. in diameter, ochraceous ; tubes 2 to a mm., decurrent to the base of the stipe. 5. P. delicatus. Pileus more than 2 cm. in diameter. : Tubes decurrent, very short, entire; pileus dark-purple, ornamented here.and there with paler radiating lines, surface finely tomentose, becoming glabrous. 6. P. dibaphus. Tubes not decidedly decurrent, denticulate when mature ; pileus yellowish to smoky-black, villose, at length gla- brous ; spores oblong, curved, 6 X 2xz. 7. PB. Polyporus. Pileus minutely tomentose or glabrous from the first. Sporophore goblet-shaped ; pileus less than 3 cm. broad, shallowly depressed at the center; stipe long, striate, expanding into the pileus. . 8. P. Tuba. Sporophore trumpet-shaped ; pileus 5-10 cm. broad, deeply infun- dibuliform ; stipe 3 cm. long, pallid, puberulent. 9. P. craterellus. Sporophore not as above. . Pileus minute, 2mm. in diameter, umbilicate, margin involute ; pores alveolar. 10. P. Acicula. Pileus large, 10 cm. or more in diameter. Surface umbrinous; stipe hispid; species tropical. ll. P. discoideus. Surface milk-white ; stipe glabrous; species temperate. 12. P. admirabilis. Pileus of medium size, 2-5 em. in diameter. : Context golden-yellow, not extremely thin; tubes remote from the stipe. . 13. P. phaecoxanthus. Context whitish or brownish in color. Pileus brown, polished ; context light-brown, extremely thin; tubes decurrent. | 14. P. columbiensis. Pileus white or pallid; context white. Stipe central. ; Pileus 1 mm. or less thick. 15. P. obolus. Pileus 5-10 mm thick. 16. P. albiceps, Stipe lateral. .. 17. P. humilis. Margin of pileus ornamented with cilia, which often disappear with age. Tubes alveolar. Margin of pileus finely hispid, broadly sterile below, surface ochraceous, radiate-striate ; stipe brown, pulverulent. 18, P. aemulans, Parr 1, 1907] POLYPORACEAE 55 Margin of pileus strigose, fertile below. Pileus very thin, smooth, pellucid, fragile ; stipe thicker below, setulose. 19. P. arcularielius. Pileus very thin, concentrically rugose, opaque, less than 1 cm. in diameter ; stipe beset with sharp bristles. 20. P. arculariformis. Pileus not very thin, fuscous-squamulose to glabrous; stipe equal, grooved, squamulose, grayish-fuscous. 21. P. arcularius. Tubes not aveolar. Tubes very irregular; stipe usually thick and polished; pileus tough, umbilicate, yellowish-white with brown marginal band, cilia short, fugacious. 22. P. vartiporus. Tubes fairly regular; stipe slender, not polished; plants rather delicate, cilia variable in form and persistence. Pileus opaque, not translucent, 1-4 cm. in diameter, cilia long, of uncertain duration ‘ plants mostly cespitose. 23. P. Tricholoma. Pileus very thin, more or less translucent, 1-2 cm. in diameter, cilia short, slender, fugacious; plants not cespitose. 24. P. Cowellit. Stipe wholly or partly black or fuliginous, variously attached, usually darker than the pileus. Pileus squamose, very large, flabelliform ; tubes large, alveolar. 25. P. caudicinus. Pileus finely tomentose, drab-colored, with reddish-brown spots, small, circular; tubes rounded, minute. 26. PP. maculosus. Pileus not as above. Tubes reaching 0.5-1 mm. or more in diameter. Stipe short, less than 1 cm. long; ‘ileus normal. 27. P. Wrightii. Stipe usually very long, 1-15 cm.; pileus sometimes aborted, re- sembling a Xylaria. .- 28. P. marasmioides. .Tubes much smaller, 4-10 to a mm. Pileus 12-25 cm. in diameter, white or pallid. 29. P. Underwoodit. Pileus rarely half this size and never white. Surface light-colored, isabelline to pale-umbrinous. Stipe central; or excentric; species confined to temperate regions. 30. P. elegans. Stipe lateral ; species confined to tropical regions. 31. P. subelegans. Surface dark-colored, bright-bay to almost black. Stipe central ; pileus proliferous at times, surface glabrous; species confined to tropical and South America, 32. P. diabolicus. Stipe horizontal, usually lateral or excentric, rarely centralin temperate species. Stipe 2-6 cm. long; pileus 5-20 cm. in diameter; species abundant in temperate regions. 33. P. fissus, Stipe 0.3-1 cm. long; pileus 2-10 cm. in diameter ; species confined to the tropics. Surface glabrous. 34. P. Blanchetianus. Surface marked with rows of serrated black squamules. 35. P. scabellus. 1. Polyporus hydniceps Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 305. 1868. Pileus cup-shaped or irregularly broken up into flabelliform lobes, 3-4 0.1-0.2 cm. ; surface light-brown to bay, adorned with very prominent cylindrical or subpyramidal proc- esses; margin thin, irregular, undulate or lobed, inflexed: context pallid, fleshy, rigid and fragilé when dry, about 1 mm. thick; tubes decurrent, pallid to ochraceous, short, mouths subelliptical or circular, becoming angular, 4-6 toa mm., edges entire to dentate: spores smooth, hyaline: stipe central or excentric, short, thick, usually reticulate, brown to blackish, fleshy, 2 cm. long, 5-15 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. HapitaT: Dead wood. DISTRIBUTION: Cuba. 2. Polyporus fagicola Murrill, Torreya 6: 35. 1906. Pileus circular, convex to plane, umbilicate, 4-5 x 0.1-0.3 cm.; surface smooth, pale- avellaneous, ornamented with tufts of innate fibrils, which are larger and darker near the center and somewhat radially and imbricately arranged; margin very sharp, slightly decurved, regular in outline, not ciliate: context thin, fibrous, white; tubes milk-white, decurrent, favoloid, 1-2 toa mm., edges very thin, fimbriatulate: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 3-4 6-7: stipe central, solid, thick, nearly equal, concolorous, conspicuously hispid, especially near the base, 2 cm. long, 1 cm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Boarstone Mountain, Piscataquis County, Maine. HagitTar: Fallen decorticated beech trunk. . DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 56 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VOLUME 9 3. Polyporus scabriceps Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 305. 1868. Pileus irregularly circular in outline, slightly convex, 3-5 X 0.3 cm.; surface umbri- nous, minutely and evenly scabrous, appearing spuriously porose; margin irregular, invo- lute, 3-4 mm. of it being rolled inward: context soft-corky, pale yellowish-brown ; tubes decurrent, pallid, dark yellowish-brown when dry, mouths irregular, 4 to a mm., edges thin, dentate: spores smooth, hyaline: stipe central, short, even, lighter than the pileus, scabrous, tough, 2 cm. long, 5-6 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba, HapitatT: Dead wood. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 4, Polyporus virgatus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 304. 1868. Pileus circular, depressed at the center, 3.5-6 X0.2-0.3 cm.; surface rufous when dry, tomentose to glabrous, at length virgate from the rupture of the cuticle; margin thin, acute, inflexed when dry: context firm, fibrous, pale-brown, 1-2 mm. thick ; tubes decur- rent, fragile, dark yellowish-brown when dry, 1-1.5 mm. long, mouths angular, somewhat irregular, 2-3 to a mm., slightly concentrically confluent, edges thin, conspicuously den- tate: spores smooth, hyaline: stipe central, nearly equal, concolorous or darker at the base, smooth like the pileus, firm and tough, 1.5-2.5 cm. long, 5-10 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. HasitatT: On dead wood. DISTRIBUTION : Cuba. 5. Polyporus delicatus Berk. & Curt. Grevillea 1: 37. 1872. Pileus circular, irregular, 1.51.25 X 0.1-0.3 cm. ; surface ochraceous, very smooth, evenly tomentose; margin thin, acute, undulate, inflexed: context pallid, soft and elastic ; tubes decurrent to the base, concolorous, mouths angular, 2 toamm., pale yellowish-orange when dry, dissepiments thin, quite collapsed in the single type specimen: spores not examined: stipe central, short, concolorous above, hard, black and radicate below. TYPE LOCALITY: Alabama. HapitatT: On dead wood. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 6. Polyporus dibaphus Berk. & Curt. Grevillea 1: 36. 1872. Pileus circular, regular, convex, 2.5-3 X 0.05-0.1; surface dark-purple, finely tomentose, becoming glabrous, marked here and there with pale radiating lines; margin thin, acute, entire, fertile: context white, membranous; tubes decurrent, ochraceous, very short, mouths angular, 4-5 toa mm., edges thin, becoming dentate: spores not examined: stipe central, slender, even, slightly darker, rough, pruinose below, 3 cm. long, 3 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Alabama. HasitaT: On dead wood. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 7. Polyporus Polyporus (Retz.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 30: 33. 1904. Boletus Polyporus Retz. Sv. Vet.-Acad. Handl. 1769: 253. 1769. Boletus brumalis Pers. Neues Mag. Bot. 1: 107. 1794. Polyporus luridus Berk. & Curt. Grevillea 1: 37. 1872. Pileus circular, convex to plane, slightly umbilicate at times, 2-8 X 0.2-0.4cem.; surface fuliginous, more rarely yellowish-brown, hispid-squamulose to minutely hispid ; margin at first inflexed, thin, fimbriate, often becoming wavy or lobed: context milk-white, mem- branous, 1-3 mm. thick; tubes adnate, white to pallid, 1-2 mm. long, cylindrical, mouths circular, regular, 2-3 to a mm., edges at first thick, becoming thin and often dentate with age: spores cylindrical, subcurved, hyaline, 7-8 2-34: stipe central, solid, woody, equal, squamulose, avellaneous, not black at the base, 2-3 cm. long, 3-7 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY : Europe. HasitaT: Decayed fallen branches, stumps and roots of various deciduous trees. DISTRIBUTION : North America and Europe ; more abundant in the northern portions. Part 1, 1907] POLYPORACEAE 57 ILLUSTRATION: Bull. Herb. Fr. p/. 469. Exsiccatr: Ellis, N, Am. Fungi 9/4; Shear, N. Y. Fungi 305 ; Underw. & Cook, Illust. Fungi 72; Karst. Finl. Fungi 7/4; Sydow, Myc. Mar. 1410. 8. Polyporus Tuba Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 305. 1868. Pileus cup-shaped, like a Feziza, with a very long stipe, and very thick for its size, 1-1.5 & 0.5-1 cm.; surface white, yellowish-brown when dry, glabrous, smooth or radiate- rugose ; margin abruptly acute, entire, slightly revolute when dry: context pallid, firm, not elastic, 5 mm. or more thick; tubes decurrent, short, yellowish, mouths small, 4 toa mm., edges thin, at length elongate: spores not examined: stipe slender, central, dilated above, concolorous, rough, striate, tough, 3-4 cm. long, 2-4 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. HaBITAT: On dead wood. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 9. Polyporus craterellus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 305. 1868. ? Polyporus cyathiformis Lév, Ann. Sci. Nat. III. 2: 181. 1844. (Type from Hispaniola.) Pileus deeply infundibuliform, 5-8 0.1-0.3 cm.; surface glabrous, rufous, very rugose when dry; margin thin, pellucid, entire, fertile, much deflexed in herbarium specimens: context fleshy, fragile when dry, white to pallid, 1-2 mm. thick; tubes decurrent almost to the base of the long stipe, 1 mm. long, 4-5 to a mm., white to yellowish-brown, mouths angular, quite regular, edges thin, fragile, subentire to elongate, more or less collapsing on drying: spores not examined: stipe central, solid, somewhat curved, concolorous with the hymenium, pulverulent, 2.5-4 cm. long, 4-6 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY : Cuba. HasitTaT: On decaying wood. . DISTRIBUTION : Louisiana, Cuba, and possibly Hispaniola. 10. Polyporus Acicula Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 304. 1868. Pileus circular, convex, umbilicate, resembling a minute Omphalia in shape, 20.5 mm.; surface glabrous, minutely concentrically rngose when dry, yellowish-brown in the single type specimen; margin acute, involute: context membranous, white; tubes small, alveolar: spores not examined: stipe central, filiform, reddish-brown when dry, glabrous above, slightly villose at the base, 6 mm. long, 0.25 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. HapitTaT: On decaying wood. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 11. Polyporus discoideus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 305. 1868. Pileus circular, plane, 10-12 cm. in diameter, 1-2 cm. thick at the center, tapering to a few millimeters near the periphery; surface smooth, glabrous, pale-ochraceous to um- brinous; margin darker, thin, straight, entire: context white to yellowish, very soft- corky, elastic, 0.5-1 cm. thick; tubes pallid to dull-brown, mouths subangular, becoming sinuose, 2 to a mm., edges thin, elongate-dentate, collapsed when dry: spores smooth, hyaline, copious: stipe central, thick, even, hispid, concolorous above, darker and radicate below, 6 cm. long, 1.5-2 cm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba, HasitTaT: On dead wood. ; DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 12. Polyporus admirabilis Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 26: 69. 1899, Pilei tufted, more or less imbricate, united near the base, very large, 30 cm. or more in diameter, centrally depresged or subinfundibuliform, the individual pilei 10-15 cm. broad, 1-3 cm. thick; surface white and finely psendosquamose when young, sometimes cracking, at length smooth and glabrous and slightly tinged with yellow; margin entire, rather thick, incurved: context fleshy-tough to rigid and friable, homogeneous, white to yellowish-discolored, 1-2.5 cm. thick; tubes slender, 3-7 mm. long, white to yellowish, fulvous with extreme age, mouths nearly circular, 3-4 to a mm., edges thin, dentate: 58 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 spores globose, somewhat flattened, smooth, hyaline, 5-6: stipe short, thick, smooth, glabrous, white, not blackening, often obsolete, 1-2 cm. long, 3 cm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Riverside, Maine. HaBitatT: Decayed trunks of apple trees. DISTRIBUTION : Maine and Connecticut. 13. Polyporus phaeoxanthus Berk. & Mont.; Mont. Syll. Crypt. 154. 1856. Pileus convex, subhemispherical, 2.5 < 0.5 cm.; surface smooth, glabrous, bay-brown ; margin acute, straight, slightly undulate: context fleshy, Iuteous, rigid, friable and much shrunken when dry, 1-2 mm. thick; tubes remote, minute, very short, 0.5 mm. or less in length, mouths irregular, 6-8 to a mm., edges thick (specimen young), obtuse, luteous: spores not examined: stipe central, cylindrical, solid, fleshy, concolorous, floc- cose at the base, 4 cm. long, 3 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY : Columbus, Ohio. Hasitat: Fallen oak wood. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 14. Polyporus columbiensis Berk. Lond. Jour. Bot. 1: 454. 1842. Pileus circular, very thin, subinfundibuliform 2.50.05 cm.; surface brown, very smooth and glabrous, resembling parchment or the skin of an apple; margin thin, acute, straight, undulate: context pallid, membranous; tubes decurrent, very short, dark-brown in the type specimens, mouths minute, angular, 5 toa mm., edges thin, acute: spores not examined: stipe central, slender, concolorous, finely velvety, tough and fibrous, 1-5 cm. long, 3 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Columbia river, South Carolina. Hasitat: On dead wood. DISTRIBUTION : South Carolina. 15. Polyporus obolus Ellis & Macbr.; Ellis & Ev. Bull. Lab. Nat. Hist. Univ. Iowa 4: 68. 1896. A small plant with very thin, partially translucent, pileus, brown central stipe and exceedingly minute pores. Pileus circular, plane, 1.5-2.5 x 0,.03-0.08 cm.; surface minutely tomentose, radiate-rugose, isabelline, fulvous at the center; margin straight or repand, even, glabrous, entirely devoid of teeth or cilia: context 0.2-0.7 mm. thick, tough, white, translucent, especially near the margin; tubes 0.1 mm. long, 8 toa mm., adnate, white, cylindrical, regular, edges thick, entire: spores ovoid, smooth, hyaline, 3.5-44.5-5z: stipe central, tough, elastic, slender, equal, chestnut-colored, glabrous, smooth, much compressed in drying, 2-4 cm. long, 1-2 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Nicaragua, HasitaT: On dead wood. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 16. Polyporus albiceps Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 27: 19. 1900. Pileus tough, circular, plane or slightly depressed, 2.5-5 cm. broad, 5-10 mm. thick ; surface dry, glabrous, opaque, smooth, white; margin thin, entire, concolorous: context white, homogeneous, 4-8 mm. thick; tubes decurrent, 1 mm. long, white within, mouths scarcely visible to the unaided eye, subcircular, edges thin, white, dentate: spores not examined: stipe central, cylindrical, even, 2.5-4 cm. long, 6-8 mm. thick, resembling the pileus in surface and substance. TYPE LOCALITY: Sea beach, New Hampshire. Hasitat: Decaying buried wood under walnut trees. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 17. Polyporus humilis Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 26: 69. 1874. Pileus spatulate, suborbicular or reniform, 1 2-2.5X0.1-0.3 cm.: surface white, soft, elastic, subglabrous, azonate; margin sterile, concolorous, entire, acute, inflexed when ParT 1, 1907] POLYPORACEAE 59 dry: context less than 1 mm. thick, spongy, white, somewhat fragile when dry; tubes 1-1.5 mm. long, white, mouths angular, regular, even, 5 toa mm., edges glistening, thin, white to pallid, slightly dentate: spores smooth, hyaline: stipe lateral, compressed or cylindrical, 2.5-5 & 0.3-0.6 cm., resembling the pileus in surface and substance. TYPE LOCALITY : Sterling, New York. HapitaT: Half buried sticks and branches in open woods. DISTRIBUTION: New York. : 18. Polyporus aemulans Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 304. 1868. Pileus thin, circular, umbilicate, 3.5-4 0.05-0.1 cm. ; surface radiate-striate, ochrace- ous, dark yellowish-brown when dry, glabrous at maturity; margin thin, straight, subcin- ereous, finely hispid, irregularly incised or lobed, sterile for 1-2 mm.: context tough, mem- branous, pallid to pale-brown; tubes decurrent, yellowish, less than 1 mm. long, gradually disappearing near the margin, mouths alveolar, shallow, 2 to a mm., usually radially elon- gate, edges acute, becoming somewhat elongate: spores not examined: stipe central, equal, coffee-colored, pulverulent, expanding into the pileus, 2 cm. long, 3-4 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. HagitaT: Dead wood. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 19. Polyporus arculariellus Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 36. 1904. Favolus Curtisit Berk. Grevillea 1: 68. 1872. Pileus very thin, circular, umbilicate, 20.1 cm.; surface smooth, orange-yellow to brown in the type specimen ; margin thin, somewhat irregular, beautifully ciliate: context pallid, membranous, translucent ; tubes ochraceous when dry, very short, mouths large, angular, oblong, 2 to a mm., edges thin: spores not examined: stipe central, thicker below, setulose, darker than the pileus, 2 cm. long, 2 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY : North Carolina. Hapitat: On dead wood. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 20. Polyporus arculariformis Murrill, Torreya 4: 151. 1904. Pileus circular, umbilicate, 0.6-0.8 X 0.05-0.1 cm.; surface regularly concentrically rugose about the white, depressed center, isabelline to avellaneous, slightly imbricate-fibril- lose; margin thin, acute, soon deflexed, nearly white, changing to isabelline, beset with numerous long, white, pointed cilia: context membranous, white, perfectly opaque; tubes 0.2-0.4 mm. long, 2-3 to a mm., radially elongate, decurrent, pallid, edges thin, irregu- larly toothed and fimbriate: spores hyaline, smooth, thin-walled, 2-2.5 7-8: stipe central, stuffed, equal, concolorous, beset with sharp bristles which partially disappear with age, densely tomentose at the base, 1.5-2 cm. long, 0.5-1 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Unaka Springs, Tennessee. HaBitTat: Dead fallen branches in woods. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. ILLUSTRATION: Murrill, Torreya loc. cid. 21. Polyporus arcularius (Batsch) Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 342. 1821. Boletus arcularius Batsch, Elench. Fung. 97. 1783. Boletus exasperatus Schrad. Spic. Fl. Germ. 153. 1794. Pilens circular, convex, umbilicate, 1-2.5 X 0.1-0.2 cm. ; surface azonate, concentrically rugose when dry, fuscous-squamulose to fulvous and nearly glabrous; margin acute, ciliate- dentate, straight, inflexed in drying: context white, membranous; tubes slightly decurrent, rather firm, white to brownish, 1-2 mm. long, mouths large, oblong-rhomboid, 1-2 to a mm., edges thin, elongate, denticulate: spores cylindrical, pointed at the ends, smooth, thin-walled, 2-guttulate, copious, 1.5-2.5X 7-8: stipe central, slender, even, fuscous-gray to fulvous, subsquamulose to glabrous above, hispid-tomentose at the base, 2-4 cm. long, 2-3 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Germany. HABITAT: Decaying wood of a variety of trees. DISTRIBUTION: Connecticut to Florida and west to Colorado and Mexico ; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATION: Micheli, Nov. Pl. Gen. p/. 70, f. 5. ExsiccaT1: Rav. Fungi Car.1: 9; Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 1690 ; Rav. Fungi Am. 209. 60 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA LVOLUME 9 22. Polyporus variiporus Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 37. 1904. A small plant resembling P. Zricholoma, but firmer and tougher, with thicker stipe and more irregular pores. Pileus orbicular, convex to depressed, 1-2.5 <0.1-0.2 cm.; sur- face glabrous, more or less radiately striate, somewhat concentrically rugose, straw-colored to isabelline, fulvous to chestnut-colored around the margin, which is thin, inflexed, undu- late, finely ciliate, the cilia being fugacious: context 1-1.5 mm. thick, tough, white ; tubes 0.5 mm. in length, 2-4 mm. in diameter, very irregular, much elongate radjally near the stipe or in the marginal folds, not noticeably decurrent, yellowish, polygonal to lamelloid, edges firm, entire, becoming denticulate or fimbriate with age: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 47: stipe central, hollow, increasing above, lighter than the pileus, subglabrous, with silky luster, 2 cm. long, 2-6 mm. thick, the buried base enlarged, tomentose, and frequently black. TYPE LOCALITY: Porto Rico. Hapsitat: Sticks buried in sandy soil in woods. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 23. Polyporus Tricholoma Mont. Ann. Sci. Nat. II. 8: 365. 1837. ? Polyporus gracilis Klotzsch, Ann. Nat. Hist. 3: 384. 1839. (Type from the West Indies.) Polyporus siipitarius Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 304. 1868. (Type from Cuba.) Polyporus Humphreyi P. Henn. Hedwigia 37: 280. 1898. (Type from Jamaica.) Plants white, slender, clustered, resembling a small agaric. Pileus circular, convex to infundibuliform, 1.5-4< 0.05-0.2 cm.; surface white or pallid to ochraceous or reddish- brown, azonate, fibrillose to glabrous; margin straight or inflexed, conspicuously orna- mented with rigid hairs, or cilia, 2 mm. long and of uncertain duration: context pallid, membranous, tough; tubes slightly decurrent, white to pallid, 0.5-1 mm. long, mouths angular, 5 to a mm., edges thin, dentate, elongate: spores ellipsoidal, smooth, hyaline, 2-2.5 X 6-7: stipe central, equal, glabrous, concolorous, very slender, 1.5-2.5 cm. long, 1-1.5 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. HasitaT: Dead sticks, logs and other decaying timber in woods. DISTRIBUTION : Tropical America. ILLUSTRATION: Mont. Pl. Cell. Cuba p/. 17, f. 1. 24. Polyporus Cowellii Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 39. 1904. Asmall light-colored plant resembling an agaric, having a very thin translucent context, minute pores and a slender central stipe. Pileus orbicular, convex to plane, umbilicate, 1-2 X 0.02-0.05 cm. ; surface nearly glabrous, minutely concentrically rugose, straw-colored to isabelline, becoming darker and hygrophanous around the margin or in blotches or even over the entire surface, often faintly radiate-striate about the center with delicate white or brown lines ; margin very thin, straight or inflexed, somewhat irregular in outline, finely denticulate, the teeth prolonged into short fugacious cilia: context extremely thin, mem- branous, 0.1-0.2 mm. thick, white or pallid, partially or entirely translucent; tubes 0.2-0.4 mim. long, 3-6 toa mm., larger by confluence, adnate, pallid, polygonal, edges very thin, subentire, becoming fimbriate with age: spores ellipsoidal, smooth, hyaline, binucleate, 2.55: stipe central, solid, very slender, equal, concolorous or slightly darker, pruinose to glabrous, smooth, longitudinally striate, 2-3 cm. long, 0.3-1 mm. thick, soft and milk- white at the center. TYPE LOCALITY: St. Kitts. HaBItTaT: Decaying wood. DISTRIBUTION : Porto Rico and St. Kitts, 25. Polyporus caudicinus (Scop.) Murrill, Jour. Myc. 9: 89. 1903, Boletus caudicinus Scop. Fl. Carn. ed. 2. 2: 469. 1772. Boletus squamosus Huds. Fl. Angl. ed. 2. 614. 1778. Polyporus Ulmi Paulet, Traité Champ. f/. 727. 1812? Sporophore of immense size, reaching 50 cm. in breadth and 3 cm. in thickness, usually found in imbricated masses projecting from the trunks of living trees. Pileus subcircular Part i, 1907] POLYPORACEAE 61 and umbilicate when young, soon becoming flabelliform and explanate ; surface ochraceous to fulvous, covered with broad, appressed, darker scales, which are very close together in young specimens; margin involute, thin, entire: context fleshy-tough, juicy, milk-white, very thick, odor strong; tubes decurrent, white or pale-yellowish, very short, mouths large, alveolar, 1 mm. or more in diameter, edges thin at maturity, toothed at an early age, becom- ing lacerate: spores broadly ovoid, smooth, hyaline, 5X12: stipe excentric to lateral, obese, reticulate above, clothed at the base with short, dark-brown or black, velvety tomen- tum, often reduced, variable in length. TYPE LocaLity: Carniola. HasitaT: Injured trunks of elm, maple, horse-chestnut and various other deciduous trees, especially those planted for shade. DISTRIBUTION : Ontario, Connecticut, and New York; very abundant throughout Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Schaeff. Fung. Bavar. 3: pls. 101, 102. 1774; Paulet, Traité Champ Joc. cit. ; Sow. Engl. Fungi f/. 266 ; Bull. Herb. Fr. £1. 19, 114. 26. Polyporus maculosus Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 41. 1904. A small tough plant nearly related to P. fssus, but minutely tomentose, with rounded, nearly glabrous, spots of a reddish-brown color. Pileus irregularly orbicular, deeply depressed, 3-3.5 > 0.1-0.2 cm.; surface finely and densely tomentose, radiately striate, drab-colored, ornamented with several light-bay or chestnut spots mostly situated about midway between the center and the margin, which is very thin, striate, irregular and some- what fissured but entirely devoid of teeth or cilia: context 0.5-1.5 mm. thick, tough to corky, pallid ; tubes 0.2-0.4 mm. long, 6-7 to a mm., decurrent, pallid or yellowish, sub- cylindrical, edges entire: spores ovoid, hyaline, smooth, 3X4, immature in the speci- mens: stipe central, solid, woody, tapering upward, chestnut-black at the base, with blotches of light-yellow, uneven, subglabrous, 2 cm. long, 2-4 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Central America. HABITAT : Dead wood. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 27. Polyporus Wrightii Murrill, sp nov. Pileus circular, convex-plane, umbilicate, 3-4 0.1 cm.; surface delicately radiate- striate, glabrous, isabelline when dry; margin thin, acute, bay, irregularly undulate or Aobed, slightly incurved, not ciliate: context membranous, pallid, corky, homogeneous, less than 0.5 mm. thick; tubes decurrent, umbrinous when dry, 0.5-1 mm. long, 2-3 toa mm., mouths irregular, angular, very variable in size, edges thin, entire, slightly toothed with age: spores smooth, hyaline: stipe short, central, solid, woody, equal or slightly enlarged at the base, pulverulent, black, 5-7 mm. long, 2-3 mm. thick. Type collected on dead wood in Cuba, Charles Wrighi 201. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 28. Polyporus marasmioides (Pat.) Murrill. Melanopus marasmioides Pat. Bull. Soc. Myc. Fr. 18: 173. 1902. Pileus circular, convex-plane, deeply umbilicate, sometimes entirely aborted, 1-5 < 0.1 em.; surface glabrous, ochraceous, obscurely striate near the margin, marked with a shallow circular peripheral furrow; margin straight, yellowish, translucent, puberulent, denticulate, sterile: context pallid, corky, homogeneous; tubes large, shallow, radiating, angular, 1 mm. or more in diameter, edges thick, hard, entire, becoming denticulate or lacerate: spores elungate-ovoid, hyaline, guttulate, 104: stipe central, cylindrical, brownish-black, white within, tenacious, woody, velvety-hispid, 1-15 cm. long. TYPE LOCALITY: On decaying seeds of Meliosma, Guadeloupe. HaBITAT: Decaying seeds or dead trunks. DISTRIBUTION : Guadeloupe and Martinique. 29. Polyporus Underwoodii Murrill; Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 105: 27. 1906. Pileus varying from convex to deeply concave, 12-25 cm. in diameter, averaging 0.5 cm. in thickness; surface obscurely concentrically zonate, milk-white, pruinose, cremeous 62 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [Vorume 9 on drying, the center depressed and avellaneous ; margin irregularly undulate, lobed, either defiexed or recurved, very thin, not ciliate: context white, fleshy, tough, homogeneous, 2-5 mm. thick ; tubes milk-white, 2-3 mm. long, 5 to 6 to a mm., cylindrical, edges thin, entire to lacerate: spores ellipsoidal, hyaline, smooth, 36-7: stipe short, central, solid, woody, equal or tapering downward, smooth, pruinose, white above, fuliginous below, 3 cm. long, 2-3 cm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Cornwall, Connecticut, on buried decaying roots. Hapitat: Dead roots of deciduous trees. . DISTRIBUTION : Connecticut and New York. 30. Polyporus elegans (Bull.) Fries, Epicr. Myc. 440. 1838. Boletus elegans Bull. Herb. Fr. pi. 46. 1780. Boletus nummularis Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 124. 1782. Pileus flabelliform to subcircular, scarcely depressed behind, convex or nearly plane, 2-6 X 3-10 X 0.2-1 cm.; surface distinctly radiate-striate, pruinose when young, becoming glabrous and pale-ochraceous at maturity ; margin thin, at first inflexed, ofteri becoming wavy or much lobed and folded with age, not ciliate: context white or pallid, corky, homo- geneous, 1-5 mm. thick; tubes pale-avellaneous, 1-3 mm. long, cylindrical, mouths angu- lar to subcircular, entire, at first white, glistening, pale-umbrinous with age, 4-5 toa mm., edges thin, entire: spores oblong, smooth, hyaline, 7-8 X 3-3.5 mu: stipe excentric or lateral, rarely central, woody, smooth, pallid above, abruptly black and scutate below, 14 em. long, 2-5 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: France. HapitTaT: Fallen branches and trunks of various deciduous trees. DISTRIBUTION : Canada to Virginia and west to California; also throughout Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. Herb. Fr. foc. ci/.; Pat. Tab. Fung. f. 137. ExsiccaTr: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 2303 ; Underw. & Cook, Illust. Fungi 7. 31. Polyporus subelegans Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus flabelliform, convex, often attenuate at the base, 1-2 >1.5-2.5 0.1 cm.; sur- face delicately radiate-striate, glabrous, isabelline to pale-umbrinous when dry; margin acute, entire, undulate to lobed, rarely inflexed: context pallid, corky, 0.5 mm. thick ; tubes pale-umbrinous, 1 mm. long, cylindrical, mouths whité when young, perfectly circular, exceedingly minute, 10 toa mm., edges thick, entire: spores smooth, hyaline: stipe short, lateral, solid, woody, scutate at the base, black, pruinose, rugose, 2-5 mm. long, 2-3 mm. thick. ; Type collected on dead sticks in woods at Mooretown, Jamaica, November 22, 1902, F. S. Earle 542. DISTRIBUTION : Jamaica; Nicaragua. 32. Polyporus diabolicus Berk. Jour. Bot. & Kew Misc. 8: 174. 1856. Polyporus rufo-atratus Berk. Jour. Bot. & Kew Misc. 8: 174. 1856. (Type from Panuré, Brazil.) Polyporus vernicosus Berk. Jour. Bot. & Kew Misc. 8:175. 1856. (Type from Panuré, Brazil.) Pileus circular, umbilicate, convex, 3-10 X 0.2-0.4 cm. ; surface bright-bay to almost black, usually radiate-striate, pruinose to glabrous, sometimes proliferous; margin rather thin, entire, concolorous to crenate or lobed, at first straight, becoming slightly deflexed: context white or pallid, corky, 1-3 mm. thick ; tubes white to umbrinous, 1-2 mm. long, mouths minute, circular, 4-6 to a mm., edges thick, entire: spores smooth, hyaline: stipe central, solid, woody, equal or slightly tapering upward, concolorous, glabrous, 3-8 cm. long, 3-10 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Panuré, Brazil. Hapsirat: Dead trunks. . DISTRIBUTION : Central America and South America. 33. Polyporus fissus Berk. Lond. Jour. Bot. 6: 318. 1847. Polyporus trachypus Berk. & Mont.; Mont. Syll. Crypt. 154. 1856. Pileus flabelliform to subcircular, often depressed at the disc or behind, convex, very variable in size, 5-15 X 7-20 X 0.3-1 cm.; surface glabrous, minutely radiate-striate, bay or fuliginous, rugose at the disc; margin thin, fertile, wavy or lobed, often splitting with ParvT 1, 1907] POLYPORACEAE 63 age, not deflexed except in drying, not ciliate: context corky, homogeneous, pallid, 2-8 mmm. thick ; tubes white to yellowish-brown, decurrent, 2 mm. long, cylindrical, slender, mouths subcircular, very minute, 6-7 to a mm., edges thin, entire, becoming elongate with age: spores smooth, hyaline: stipe excentric, varying to central or lateral, usually tapering above, fuliginous to nearly black, pruinose, rugose, 2-6 cm. long, 0.5-2 cm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Ohio. HasitTaT: Fallen dead wood of deciduous trees. DISTRIBUTION: Maine to Virginia and Ohio, and west to Washington. ExsiccaTi: Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 705. 34. Polyporus Blanchetianus Berk. & Mont. Ann. Sci. Nat. III. 11: 238. 1839. ek sa atvaius Fries, Nova Acta Soc. Sci. Upsal. III. 1: 228. 1855. (Type from Mirador, Poh por: wepividius Berk. Jour. Bot. & Kew Misc. 8: 195. 1856. (Type from Panuré, Brazil.) Pileus semicircular or reniform, plane or slightly convex, 2-5 cm. broad, 0.5 cm. thick ; surface bay to black, very glabrous, often striate or slightly veined; margin acute, entire to wavy or lobed: context corky, pallid to brownish, homogeneous, 2-4 mm. thick ; tubes very short, minute, circular or subangular, pallid to umbrinous, 1-2 mm. long, 5-6 to a mm,., edges thick, entire: spores oblong, inequilateral, smooth, hyaline, 6-7 & 2-3 p: stipe lateral to excentric, short, black, opaque, punctulate, 2-10 mm. long, 2-3 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Bahia, Brazil. HasitaT: Dead trunks of trees. DISTRIBUTION : Tropical America and South America. 35. Polyporus scabellus (Pat.) Murrill. Melanopus scabellus Pat. Bull. Soc. Myc. Fr. 16: 178. 1900. Pileus semicircular or nearly reniform, plane, slightly elevated behind, 3-8 k 4-10 0.1-0.5 cm.; surface bright chestnut-colored, finely radiate-striate or marked with rows of serrated black squamules ; margin straight, acute, entire: context white, becoming brown- ish on drying, coriaceous, membranous; tubes very short, not decurrent, mouths light- brown, more or less tinged with fuliginous near the stipe, round, very small, the dissepi- ments thick: spores not examined: stipe excentric, horizontal, cylindrical, very short, black, minutely velvety, marked with punctate depressions, 3-4 mm. long, 3-6 mm. thick, inserted upon a black orbicular disc. TYPE LocaLiTy: Guadeloupe. HapitaT: Trunks of Myrsine, Cedrela, ete. DISTRIBUTION : Guadeloupe. DOUBTFUL SPECIES Boletus alveolarius Bosc, Ges. Nat. Freunde Berlin Mag. 5: 84. pl. 4. fiz. 1811. Polyporus alveolarius Fr. Syst. Myc. 1: 343. 1821. Described from specimens collected on trunks in South Carolina. Polyporus pachypus Mont. Pl. Cell. Cuba 421. 1842. Collected by Sagra on dead wood in Cuba. No further light has been obtained relative to this species, which Montagne him- self said needed investigation. Polyporus putidus Fr. Nov. Symb. 51. 1851. Collected on trunks in Costa Rica by Oersted. Type not found. Polyporus peltatus Fries, Nov. Symb. 52. 1851. Collected by’Oersted on dead wood at San José, Costa Rica. Apparently very near P. Blanchetianus, but the stipe is not black. Polyporus amygdalinus Berk. & Rav. Grevillea 1: 49. 1872. Described from Rave- nel’s collections on rotten oak logs in South Carolina in October. Ravenel’s field notes are as follows: ‘‘Pileus lateral, dimidiate, subimbricate, carnose, 2-4 inches wide, dingy yel- lowish, with irregular patches of darker color — with a strong odor of vanilla or almond. Hymenium white, pores sinuose and irregular, minute. Stipe obsolete.’’ The type speci- men is too old to be of much service, but it is certainly not P. caudicinus. 64 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VOLUME 9 38. ABORTIPORUS Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 421. 1904. Hymenophore annual, tough, humus-loving: stipe normally central, often obsolete : context yellowish-white, duplex, spongy above, woody below, tubes thin-walled, mouths polygonal: spores subglobose, smooth, hyaline. Type species, Boletus distortus Schw. 1. Abortiporus distortus (Schw.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 422. 1904. Boletus distortus Schw. Schr. Nat. Ges. Leipzig 1: 97. 1822. ee Polyporus abortivus Peck, Bot. Gaz. 6: 274. 1881. (Type from Illinois.) Pileus normally thin, plane or depressed, circular and centrally stipitate when properly developed, but often aborted and very irregular, varying to entirely resupinate forms, 6-13 cm. in diameter, 0.3-1 cm. thick ; surface conspicuously and compactly tomentose, anoderm, azonate, smooth, white to alutaceous; margin thin, undulate to lobed, concolorous: context soft and spongy above, hard and woody below, white or isabelline, 3-5 mm. thick ; tubes annual, decurrent, white, 1-5 mm. long, mouths irregular, variable, 2-3 to a mm., edges thin, entire to dentate: spores subglobose, smooth, hyaline, 5-7“ long: stipe central, unequal, very variable, often obsolete, resembling the pileus in surface and context. TYPE LOCALITY: North Carolina. : Hasitat; About stumps, roots and other dead wood of deciduous trees. DISTRIBUTION: Canada, and the United States west to Wisconsin and Texas. 39. SCUTIGER Paulet, Traité Champ. £7. 37, f. 2-3. 1812? Albatrelius S, F. Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 1: 645. 1821. Caloporus Quél. Ench. Fung. 164. 1886. Hymenophore simple, terrestrial, annual, mesopous, usually bright-colored; surface anoderm, variously decorated: context white, rarely colored, fleshy to tough, rigid and fragile when dry ; hymenium porose, white or colored, tubes thin-walled: spores smooth, hyaline. Type species, Scutzger tubevosus Paulet. Surface of pileus uneven, squamose or rugose. Pileus sulphur-yellow, pleuropous, surface ornamented with imbricated floccose wart-like scales. 1. S. Blusii. Pileus brown. Tubes large, 1.5 mm. or more in diameter; surface of pileus orna- mented with imbricated tufts of appressed hairs. 2. S. retipes. Tubes small, 0.5 mm. in diameter ; pileus rugose. 3. S. decurrens. Surface of pileus smooth, tomentose or glabrous. Pileus light-colored. Pileus white. 4. S. cryptopus. Pileus yellow to red. 5. S. laeticolor. Pileus blue when fresh, changing to brown on drying. Tubes entire, becoming reddish-brown on drying; context ochra- ceous. 6. S. caeruleoporus. Tubes lacerate, fading to grayish-brown or dirty-white; context . nearly white. 7. S. holocyaneus. Pileus dark-colored, gray or brown. Stipe black and rooting. Pileus smoky-brown, subtomentose ; tubes regular, entire. 8. S. vadicatus, Pileus drab-colored, nearly glabrous ; tubes irregular, toothed. 9. S. subradicatus. Stipe neither black nor rooting. Pileus gray, glabtous or nearly so, margin very thin ; stipe short, concolorous. 10. S. gxiseus. Pileus brown. Stipe dark-purple, very thick; margin of pileus very obtuse. 11. S. persicinus. Stipe yellowish-brown, usually excentric; margin of pileus thin. 12. S. Whiteae. 1. Scutiger Ellisii (Berk.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 30: 427. 1903. Polyporus Ellisti Berk. Grevillea 7: 5. 1878. lade flavosquamosus Underw. Bull. Torrey Club 24: 84. 1897. (Type from Alabama, in pine woods.) Pilei cespitose ; pileus reniform, convex, 12-15 cm. broad, 1-2 cm. thick ; surface sul- phur-yellow with a greenish tinge, very rough, with broad, floccose, imbricated scales ; Part 1, 1907] POLYPORACEAE 65 margin thick, concolorous, inflexed: context white or slightly yellowish, fleshy, firm, rather hard when dry, with a strong unpleasant odor when fresh, 1 cm. or more thick; tubes subdecurrent, 3-5 mm. long, mouths large, 1-2 toa mm., irregular, angular, edges thin, white to yellowish, changing to greenish where wounded: spores ovoid, smooth, hyaline, 9 6: stipe lateral or excentric, slightly flattened, irregularly roughened, solid, subreticulate, dark-yellow, hard and corky within, 7-8 cm. long, 4-5 cm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Newfield, New Jersey. HapitaT: Clayey soil in low woods. DISTRIBUTION : New Jersey, South Carolina, and Alabama. 2. Scutiger retipes.(Underw.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 30: 428. 1903. Polyporus retipes Underw. Bull. Torrey Club 24: 85. 1897. Pileus reniform to circular, convex, 6-15 cm. broad, 1-2.5'cm. thick ; surface umbrinous to fuliginous, appressed tomentose, finely areolate-rimose, appearing papillate when dry; margin acute, concolorous, inflexed when dry: context fleshy, white, 2 cm. thick when fresh, becoming quite thin on drying; tubes decurrent half the length of the stem, large, shallow, 1-2 mm. broad, mostly hexagonal, edges thin, whitish, finely lacerate: spores smooth, hyaline: stipe excentric, yellowish-white toward the base, white and fleshy within, 4-6 em. long, 2. cm. or more thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Auburn, Alabama. HapitTaT: On the ground in pine woods. DISTRIBUTION: Alabama. 3. Scutiger decurrens (Underw.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 30: 428. 1903. Polyporus decurrens Underw. Bull. Torrey Club 24: 83. 1897. Pileus nearly circular in outline, plane or slightly depressed at the center, centrally stipitate, 550.5 cm.; surface very thinly encrusted, brown or bay, rough, imbricate- tuberculose; margin thin, concolorous, sharply inflexed when dry: context white, fragile, homogeneous, 3-5 mm. thick ; tubes white to alutaceous within, about 2 mm. long, decur- rent nearly to the base of the stem, mouths angular, 2 to a mm., edges rather thin, entire, slightly uneven, white to isabelline: spores smooth, hyaline: stipe bulbous at the base, tapering above, reticulate, slightly darker than the hymenium, 3 cm. or more long, 1-1.5 em. thick. © TYPE LOCALITY: Pasadena, California. HaBitTAT : In the soil on the side of a cafion. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 4, Scutiger cryptopus (Ellis & Barth.) Murrill Bull. Torrey Club 30: 428. 1903. Polyporus cryptopus Ellis & Barth. Erythea 4: 79. 1896. Pileus circular, convex, 3-7 cm. broad, 3-4 mm. thick; surface glabrous, very smooth, white or slightly grayish; margin very thin, inflexed when dry, concolorous, entire: con- text white, homogeneous, 1-2 mm. thick; tubes white or yellowish, 1-2 mm. long, slightly decurrent, mouths angular, large, 1-2 to a mm., edges thin, entire or fimbriate: spores ellipsoid, pointed, smooth, hyaline, 5-7 3-4: stipe central, bulbous at the base, cylin- drical, darker than the pileus, 1.5-2 cm. long, 3-7 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Kansas. . Hasitrat: Attached to dead grass roots in sandy pastures. DISTRIBUTION : Kansas and Nebraska. 5. Scutiger laeticolor Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 30: 428. 1903. Pileus circular in outline, often irregular, convex, depressed at the center, 10-20 cm. broad, about 1 cm. thick; surface smooth, becoming glabrous, pale dingy-yellow when fresh, brick-colored to purplish-red in old dried plants; margin acute, inflexed at first, irregularly undulate: context fleshy-tough, homogeneous, pale rose-colored, 5-10 mm. 66 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 9 thick; tubes decurrent, white, becoming dark-orange within and without, 1-2 mm. long, mouths subcireular or angular, 5 to a mm., edges thin, fimbriate: spores ovoid, smooth, hyaline, copious, 5-6 X44: stipe short, thick, increasing upward, central or excentric, 2-3 em. long, 1-3 cm. thick, resembling the pileus in color, but solid, firm and tough, with darker flesh. TYPE LOCALITY: Alabama. HABITAT: On the ground in woods. DISTRIBUTION: South Carolina and Alabama, 6. Scutiger caeruleoporus (Peck) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 30: 429. 1903. Polyporus caeruleoporus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 26: 68. 1874. Pilei gregarious or cespitose; pileus broadly convex, circular in outline, 2.5-5 x 0.7-1 cm.; surface subtomentose, hygrophanous when fresh, isabelline to fulvous: context fleshy, fragile, white, becoming yellowish-white when dry; tubes decurrent, short, 3-5 mm. long, grayish-blue when fresh, becoming latericeous within in dried specimens, mouths angular, irregular, 2-3 toa mm., edges thin, uneven, toothed, grayish-blue when fresh, becoming bay in dried specimens: spores not examined: stipe central or excentric, solid, concolorous or tinged with the color of the pores, 4-5 cm. long, about 5 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: New York. HaBitaT: On the ground in woods. DISTRIBUTION : Vermont and New York. 7. Scutiger holocyaneus (Atk.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 30: 429. 1903. Polyporus holocyaneus Atk. Jour. Myc. 8: 117, 1902. Pilei gregarious or cespitose; pileus thin, convex to expanded, depressed with age, circular in outline, 2-6 cm. broad; surface deep-blue when fresh, becoming dull-brown, or dull reddish-brown when dry; margin irregular, undulate, smooth, hygrophanous: context fleshy, homogeneous; tubes light-blue and somewhat iridescent when fresh, becoming grayish-brown on drying, mouths rather large, angular, irregular, edges thin, lacerate or fimbriate: spores hyaline, smooth, 4-5 3-4; basidia 20-25 5-6: stipe even, reticu- late above, 5-6 cm. long, 4-8 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Blowing Rock, North Caro , a. Hasitat: On the ground beneath coniferous trees. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 8. Scutiger radicatus (Schw.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 30: 430. 1903. Polyporus radicaius Schw. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. II. 4: 155. 1832. Polyporus Morgant Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 32: 34. 1879. (Type from Ohio.) Polyporus kansensis Ellis & Barth. Erythea 4:1. 1896. (Type from Kansas, on a decayed trunk.) ? Polyporus hispidellus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 52: 649. 1899. Pileus solitary, fleshy, convex or plane, circular in outline, depressed at the center, 10 em. broad, 5-9 mm. thick; surface tomentose, subsquamulose, brown or reddish-brown ; margin thin, concolorous, incurved when dry: context soft, spongy, white, homogeneous, 3-6 mm. thick; tubes decurrent, short, white to isabelline, mouths subcircular, 2-3 to a mm., edges thin, white or yellowish, entire: spores ovoid or ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 6-8 X 5; basidia 6-8 thick: stipe central, fusiform, cylindrical above, expanding into the pileus, elastic, solid, velvety, reticulate, pale-fulvous, black and rooting below. TYPE LOCALITY: Pennsylvania. HasitaT: In woody earth or on much-decayed wood about stumps or dead trunks. DISTRIBUTION : Ontario to Pennsylvania and west to Kansas. ILLUSTRATION : Ohio Myc. Bull. 10: f. 46. 1903. 9. Scutiger subradicatus Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 30: 430. 1903. A rather large thin plant with light-brown, almost glabrous, surface, small white ser- rated tubes and short black stipe. Pileus irregular in outline, convex to plane, 1290.5 Parr 1, 1907] POLYPORACEAE 67 cm.; surface fibrillose, drab-colored to isabelline; margin very thin, inflexed when young, irregularly undulate at maturity: context fleshy-tough, 1-7 mm. thick, pure milk-white even when dry; tubes mere areoles at first, short and small at maturity, scarcely 1 mm. in length, 3-4 to a mm., decurrent to the blackened part of the stipe, white, yellowish when dry, mouths polygonal, regular, at length much elongate by confluence or otherwise irregular, edges thin, toothed or fimbriate when mature : spores ovate to ellipsoidal, smooth, hyaline, not abundant, 3-4 < 5-7: stipe short, thick, central, tapering and attached at the base, sooty-black up to the pores, 4 2.5 cm.; context milk-white, firm, fleshy-tough, sur- face minutely tomentose, rugose-reticulate when dry. TYPE LOCALITY: New York. HapitaT: Attached to buried dead wood. DISTRIBUTION: Ontario and New York. 10. Scutiger griseus (Peck) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 30: 431. 1903. Polyporus griseus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 26: 68. 1874, Polyporus Larlet Underw. Bull. Torrey Club. 24: 84. 1897. (Type from Alabama.) Pileus circular, often irregular, convex, 7-12 cm. broad, 1 cm. or less thick ; surface . glabrous or minutely tomentose, cinereous, slightly darker towards the center; margin thin, concolorous, often incurved on drying, irregular, undulate to lobed: context soft- fleshy, rosy-gray, about 5 mm. thick; tubes slightly decurrent, 1-2 mm. long, whitish- stuffed when young, white to pale-umbrinous within, mouths subangular, unequal, 2-4 to a mm., edges thin, entire to fimbriate, lacerate with age, white when young, becoming gray or umbrinous: spores subglobose, hyaline, echinulate, 5-6 X4.5-5: stipe central, thick, short, bulbous at the base, with surface and substance resembling that of the pileus, but darker in color, 4-5 cm. long, 1-1.5 em. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: New York. HaBitTaT: On the ground in open deciduous or coniferous woods. DISTRIBUTION : New York, New Jersey, and Alabama. 11. Scutiger persicinus (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 30: 431. 1903. Polyporus persicinus Berk. & Curt. Grevillea 1: 37. 1872. Pilei confluent; pileus soft, slightly elastic, pulvinate, often oblique, very thick, some- what depressed, 10-25 cm. broad, 1-2 cm. thick; surface fulvous-brown, becoming purple at times, short-tomentose; margin lobed or undulate, very obtuse: context white, with black lines marking the seasons of growth in dried specimens, watery-spongy, reddish, dark-purple in the cuticle in fresh specimens, fading to pale-lavender; tubes decurrent, white when fresh, brownish-black in dried specimens, 2-3 mm. long, mouths angular, 2 to amm., edges thin, lacerate: spores not seen: stipe central, thick, conical, dark-purple, 5 cm. long, 4-8 cm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: South Carolina, HaBiTaT: At the base of trunks in pine woods. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 12. Scutiger Whiteae Mutrrill, Bull. Torrey Club 30: 432. 1903. Pilei cespitose, often confluent at the base, all stages of development being found in one cluster; pileus subcircular in outline, convex, depressed at the center, 8-12 0.5-1 cm.; surface pruinose, velvety to the touch, isabelline to fulvous; margin acute, at first inflexed, irregularly undulate at maturity: context fleshy-tough, 0.2-0.5 cm. thick, of nutty flavor, rose-tinted when dry, dark-red next to the tubes; tubes 0.1-0.3 cm. long, 3 to amm., very decurrent, white when young and fresh, rose-colored when bruised or dried, mouths circular or subcircular, edges thin, fimbriate: spores ovoid, hyaline, smooth, copi- ous, 3.55: stipe short, usually excentric, enlarged at the base, 3 2-4 cm., concolor- ous, tough. TYPE LOCALITY: Bar Harbor, Maine. HABITAT: Among moss on a damp river bank. DISTRIBUTION : Maine and New Hampshire. 68 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 40. GRIFOLA (Micheli) S. F. Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 1: 643. 1821. Polypilus Karst. Rev. Myc. 39: 17. 1881. Meripilus Karst. Bidr. Finl. Nat. Folk 37: 33. 1882. Cladomeris Quél. Ench. Fung. 167. 1886. Hymenophore large, annual, stipitate, compound, intricately branched or lobed, humus-loving or epixylous, rarely terrestrial, usually found at the base of a tree-trunk ; surface smooth, pallid to gray or brown: context white, fleshy or fleshy-tough, rigid and fragile when dry; tubes large, irregular, thin-walled, becoming friable or laciniate with age: spores hyaline, smooth, rarely verrucose. Type species, Boletus frondosus Dicks. Hymenium ochraceous, becoming dirty-yellow with age; plants terrestrial, irregularly confluent, olivaceous to greenish-yellow. Hymenium at first fuliginous, becoming paler. Hymenium white or pallid from the first. a Surface of pileus gray or grayish-brown to coffee-colored ; stipe intricately branched ; pileoli very numerous and small. Pileoli lateral, spatulate or dimidiate. 3. G. frondosa. Pileoli centrally attached, circular and umbilicate. 4. G, ramosissima. Surface of pileus pallid or alutaceous; stipe not intricately branched, lobes usually few in number and comparatively large. , Sporophore of immense size, 20-60 cm. in diameter; spores echinulate, 1. G. poripes. | 2. G. Sumstinet. 5. G. Berkeleyt. M, Sporophore small for the genus, only 8 cm. or less in diameter; spores . smooth, ovoid, much smaller. 6. G. fractipes. 1. Grifola poripes (Fries) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 335. 1904. Polyporus poripes Fries, Nov. Symb. 48. 1851. Polyporus flavovirens Berk. & Rav. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. II. 12: 431. 1853.—Grevillea 1: 38. 1872. (Type from South Carolina.) Pileus at first simple and centrally stipitate, becoming imbricate-multiplex when fully developed, 8-20 cm. in diameter; pileoli soft, fleshy, fragile when dry, circular to flabelli- form, pulvinate or depressed to applanate, 5-10 cm. broad, 5-8 mm. thick ; surface sordid- yellow, with yellowish-green zones, becoming dull yellowish-green, finely tomentose to subglabrous; margin irregular, undulate to lobed, concolorous: context fleshy, very fragile when dry, 24 mm. thick, white to yellowish; tubes very decurrent, yellow to yellowish-green, 3-5 mm. long, mouths irregular, circular to sinuous, 1-2 to a mm., at first milk-white, becoming dirty-yellow, edges thin, fragile, lacerate with age: spores sub- globose, smooth, hyaline, 34.5%: stipe central or excentric, pallid, 3-6 cm. long, 1-1.5 cm. thick, becoming tubercular and connate-ramose at maturity. TYPE LOCALITY : North Carolina. HABITAT: On the ground in woods. DISTRIBUTION: Eastern United States, west to Missouri. ExsiccaTI: Rav. Fungi Car.4: 4; Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 1689. 2. Grifola Sumstinei Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 335. 1904. A very large plant resembling G. frondosa in habit and general appearance, but with fewer and broader pileoli, darker surface and darker hymeninm. Pileus imbricate-multi- plex, 20 X 30 cm.; pileoli flabelliform to spatulate, 6-8 X 6-8 < 0.3-0.5 cm.; surface radiate- rugose, finely tomentose, light- to dark-brown ; margin very thin, fissured and strongly in- flexed when dry: context white, fibrous, fleshy-tough to almost leathery, 0.3 cm. thick ; tubes 0.2 cm. long, 7 to a mm., at first fuliginous, becoming pallid at maturity, polygonal, irregular, edges very thin and fragile, becoming lacerate: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, thin-walled, copious, 5 #: stipe tubercular, woody, blackish below, connate-ramose, lighter- colored, passing insensibly into the pileoli above. TYPE LOCALITY: Pennsylvania. HapitaT: About old stumps and trunks of deciduous trees. DISTRIBUTION : New York, Pennsylvania, Virginia, Ohio, and Louisiana, Part 1, 1907] POLYPORACEAE 69 3. Grifola frondosa (Dicks.) S. F. Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 1: 643. 1821. Boletus frondosus Dicks. Pl. Crypt. Brit. 1: 18. 1785. Polyporus frondosus Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 355. 1821. Polypilus frondosus Karst. Rev. Myc. 39: 17. 1881. Pileus imbricate-multiplex, 15-40 cm. in diameter; pileoli very numerous, branching from acommon trunk, imbricate or confluent, variable in size and shape, dimidiate to flabelliform, 1.5-6 cm. broad; surface smoky-gray, fibrillose, radiate-striate ; margin thin, undnlate or lobed, strongly inflexed when dry: context white, very thin, tough, fragile, having the odor of mice; tubes white, 2-3 mm. long, mouths circular and regular when young, 3 toa mm., often large and angular with age, edges white, thin, entire to lacerate : spores subglobose to ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline: stipe tubercular, white, connate-rimose. TYPE LOCALITY: England. HapiraT: At the base of oak trees. DISTRIBUTION : North America ; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS : Sow. Engl. Fung. p/. 87; Atk. Stud. Am. Fungi f. 176, 177. 1900. EXSICCATI: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fung. 2/03; Beck, Krypt. Exs. 307; Rab.-Wint. Fungi Eur. 3947 ; Krieger, Fungi Sax. 2115. : 4. Grifola ramosissima (Scop.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 336. 1904. Boletus ramosissimus Scop. Fl. Carn. ed. 2.2: 470. 1772. Boletus umbellatus Pers. Syn. Fung. 519. 1801. Polyporus umbellatus Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 354, 1821. Cladomeris umbeliata Quél. Ench. Fung. 167. 1886. Cladomeris ramosissima Murrill, Jour. Myc. 9: 95. 1903. Pileus imbricate-multiplex, densely clustered, squarrose, umbellate, 12-20 cm. broad ; pileoli very numerous, quite regular, circular in outline, depressed at the center, 1-4 cm. in diameter ; surface usually fuliginous, sometimes light-brown or even white, fibrillose, very rugose when dry; margin thin, inflexed: context white, fibrous, very thin, fragile when dry; tubes decurrent, shallow, mouths angular, 2-3 to a mm., edges thin, entire to lacerate : spores oblong, hyaline, 9-10 X 3-4 #: stipe tubercular, with long cylindrical branches, which are white and usually entirely covered with tubes. TYPE LOCALITY: Carniola. HapitaT: At the base of oak trees. : DISTRIBUTION: Connecticut, New York, Pennsylvania, and Ohio; also in Europe.. ILLUSTRATIONS: Schaeff. Fung. Bavar. #/. 177; Atk. Stud. Am. Fung. f# 178. 1900. ExsiccatTi: Krieger, Fungi Sax. 859. 5. Grifola Berkeleyi (Fries) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 337. 1904. Polyporus Berkeleyi Fries, Nov. Symb. 56. 1851. Polyporus subgiganiteus Berk, & Curt. Grevilleal: 49. 1872. (Type from Connecticut.) sea Beatiei Banning; Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 31: 36. 1879. (Type from Mary- land.) Polyporus lactifuus Peck, Bull. Torrey Club8: 51. 1881. (Type from Maryland.) Polyporus anax Berk. Grevillea 12: 37. 1883. (Type from Ohio.) Pileus imbricate-multiplex, 15-50 cm. broad, 10-20 cm. high; pileoli very broad, applanate to infundibuliform, thin, 5-15 cm. broad, 5-15 mm. thick; surface white to ob- scurely alutaceous, subtomentose, rugose-undulate ; margin acute, undulate to lobed, sterile, often inflexed: context white, tough, fragile when dry, homogeneous, milky in young plants, 5~10 mm. thick ; tubes decurrent, white, unequal, 2-5 mm. long, mouths angular, about 1 mm. broad, edges soft, white, entire, very fragile when dry: spores globose, roughly echinulate, 6-8 «: stipe short, tubercular, 5-10 cm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: North Carolina. Hapirat: At the base of oak trees. DISTRIBUTION: Eastern Canada to Virginia. ExsiccaTI: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 706; Rab.-Wint. Fungi Eur. 3427. 6. Grifola fractipes (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 338. 1904. Polyporus fractipes Berk. & Curt. Grevillea 1: 38, 1872. Polyporus flavidus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 26: 68. 1874. (Type from New York.) Not P. favidus Berk, 1852. 70 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 Polyporus Peckianus Cooke, Trans. Bot. Soc. Edinb. 13: 148. 1878. Polystictus Peckianus Sacc. Syll. Fung. 6: 209. 1888. Pileus cespitose-multiplex, sometimes simple, rather small for the genus, rarely 10 em. in diameter; pileoli irregularly circular or flabelliform, often depressed, 3-5 cm. broad, 2-5 mm, thick; surface pale-luteous or ochraceous, lightly marked with obscure lines, rugose, finely tomentose, roughly villose behind; margin very thin, concolorous, inflexed when dry: context fleshy, very fragile when dry, white, 1-2 mm. thick; tubes decurrent, white to yellowish, 1-2 mm. long, mouths small, angular, 4-5 to a mm., edges thin, fragile, fimbriate: spores smooth, hyaline: stipe central, irregular and distorted, more pallid than the pileus, pulverulent to glabrous, solid, tubercular, often branched just above the base, the branches being 5 mm. in diameter and nearly cylindrical in shape. TYPE LOCALITY: South Carolina. HABITAT: On the ground in woods. : DISTRIBUTION: Canada, New York and South Carolina. 41. AURANTIPORELLUS Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 486. 1905. Hymenophore large, annual, epixylous, effused, immarginate or narrowly reflexed ; surface azonate, soft, anoderm and orange-colored when young, becoming slightly en- crusted and darker with age: context orange-colored, extremely soft and spongy through- out; tubes orange-colored, very large, thin-walled, irregular, lacerate, fragile: spores smooth, hyaline. Type species, Polyporus alboluteus Ellis & Ev. 1. Aurantiporellus alboluteus (Ellis & Ev.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 486. 1905. Fomes alboluteus Ellis & Ev. Proc. Acad. Phila. 1895: 413. 1895. Polyporus alboluteus Ellis & Ev. Bull. Torrey Club 25: 513. 1898. Pileus soft, spongy, effused, laterally connate, narrowly reflexed at times, but usually entirely resupinate, 5-6 cm. broad, 1-4 cm. thick; surface anoderm, velvety, azonate, orange-colored, becoming slightly encrusted and darker with age; margin thin, reflexed, concolorous: context very soft, spongy, orange-colored, absorbing water to a remarkable degree, 0.5-1.5 cm. thick; tubes annual, light orange-colored, very large, 1-2 cm. long, mouths irregular, 1-2 mm. in diameter, edges thin, concolorous, somewhat fragile, more pallid on their extreme margin, lacerate with age: spores oblong, smooth, hyaline, 8-12 3. TYPE LOCALITY: Colorado, 3000 meters, on charred trunks of Abies subalpina. HABITAT: Dead coniferous trunks projecting from the snow. DISTRIBUTION : Colorado. EXSICCATI: Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 1637. 42. PYCNOPORELLUS Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 489. 1905. Hymenophore annual, epixylous, sessile, dimidiate, simple or imbricate, reddish or orange-colored throughout; surface anoderm, margin thin: context thin, friable; tubes thin-walled, fragile, at length lacerate: spores smooth, hyaline or pale-yellowish. Type species, Polyporus fibriliosus Karst. 1. Pycnoporellus fibrillosus (Karst.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 489. 1905. Polyporus fibrillosus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 26: 69. 1874. (Type from New Vork, on fallen wood.) : Lnonotus fibriliosus Karst. Bidr. Finl. Nat. Folk 37: 72. 1882. Polyporus Shiraianus P, Henn. Bot. Jahrb. 28: 269. 1900. (Type from Japan ; on Abies.) Pileus soft, spongy, fragile when dry, thin, sessile, dimidiate, imbricate, 3-5 & 6-8 X0.5-1 cm.; surface anoderm, orange-colored, fribrillose-tomentose, zonate, at times un- even and sodden in appeatance; margin thin, subentire, tomentose, paler: context ob- scurely zoned, orange-colored, friable when dry, spongy and absorbing water when fresh, 3-5 mm. thick; tubes annual, 3-5 mm. long, pallid to orange-colored, mouths angular, Par? 1, 1907] POLYPORACEAE 71 irregular, 1-2 toa mm., edges very thin, pallid and entire when young, at length orange- colored and very lacerate: spores smooth, oblong, hyaline or pale-yellowish, 6-7 K 3-4 4. TYPE LOCALITY: Finland. HaBItTaT: Dead coniferous wood. : DISTRIBUTION: Northern North America, as far south as New York; also in Europe and Asia. 43. PYCNOPORUS Karst. Rev. Myc. 3’: 18. 1881. Hymenophore annual, sometimes reviving, epixylous, sessile, dimidiate, simple or imbricate, rarely pseudo-stipitate; surface anoderm, slightly pelliculose at times, zonate or azonate, bright- or dull-red: context red, soft-corky to punky; hymenium concolorous, tubes small, firm, thin-walled: spores smooth, hyaline. Type species, Boletus cinnabarinus Jacq. Pileus thick, smooth, opaque; plant abundant in temperate regions. 1. P. cinnabarinus. Pileus thin, often zonate, brilliant-red ; plantabundant in the tropics. 2. P. sanguineus, 1. Pycnoporus cinnabarinus (Jacq.) Karst. Rev. Myc. 3°: 18. 1891. Boletus cinnabarinus Jacq. Fl. Austr.4: 2. 1776. Boletus cocctneus Bull. Herb. Fr. 364. 1791. Polyporus connabarinus Fries, Syst. Myce. 1: 371. 1821. Trametes cinnabarina Fries, Nov. Symb. 98. 1851. Pileus convex-plane, dimidiate, laterally extended, reviving the second season, 4-6 X 5-10 0.5-1 cm.; surface azonate, rugulose, pruinose to tomentose, at length glabrous, the color changing from light-orange to cinnabar-red, often fading with age; margin acute, except in large plants, faintly zonate: context floccose, elastic, zonate, reddish; tubes nearly equaling the context, firm, miniatous within, the mouths small, 2-3 to a mm., regular, coccineous, dissepiments rather thin, entire: spores smooth, hyaline, 6-8 X 2-34. TYPE LocaLity: Carinthia, Austria. HABITAT: Dead wood of various deciduous trees. DISTRIBUTION : Canada and the United States; also in Europe and Asia. ILLUSTRATIONS: Jacq. Fl. Austr. p/. 30¢; Bull. Herb. Fr. 2. 501, f. 1. ExsIccaTI: Rav. Fungi Am. 4/9 ; Thim. Myc. Univ. 2007; Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 205 ; Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 502; Rav. Fungi Car. 2: 77; Karst. Finl, Fungi 425, 2. Pycnoporus sanguineus (L,.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 421. 1904. Boletus sanguineus 1. Sp. Pl. ed. 2. 1646. 1762. Xylometron sanguineum Paulet, Traité Champ. pl. rf yo 3,4. 1812? Polyporus sanguineus G. Meyer, FI. Esseq. 304. 181 Polystictus sanguineus Fries, Nov. Symb. 75. 1851. Polyporus argentatus Cooke, Grevillea 15: 20. 1886. (Type from Australia.) Pileus thin, coriaceous, sessile or spuriously stipitate, dimidiate, conchate or reniform, imbricate, laterally connate at times, 3-5 X 4-8 x 0.4-0.6 cm.; surface zonate, finely tomen- tose to glabrous, bright-red, often variegated with yellowish-red zones, fading to pure white in old specimens exposed to the sun; margin acute, finely tomentose, yellowish-red : context floccose, elastic, yellowish-red, 1-3 mm. thick; tubes annual, very short, bright reddish-miniatous, scarcely a mm. long, mouths circular to angular, regular, minute, 3-5 to a mm., edges thin, firm, entire, concolorous with the interior: spores smooth, hyaline, oblong, 3-4 « 1-24. TYPE LOCALITY: Surinam. HaBiTaT: Dead wood of various deciduous and evergreen trees. DISTRIBUTION ; Tropical regions of the world. Exsiccatr: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 501; Underw. & Cook, Illust. Fungi /¢; Thiim. Myc. Univ. 805, 905; Rav. Fungi Car. 2: 16; Rab. -Wint. Fungi Eur. 3032 ; Rav. Fungi Am. 418. 44. AURANTIPORUS Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 487. 1905. Hymenophore large, annual, epixylous, sessile, dimidiate; surface anoderm, sodden, bibulous, reddish-orange, soon fading: context reddish-yellow, fleshy-tongh to woody, juicy when fresh, rigid when dry, conspicuously zonate; tubes small, slender, thin-walled, brilliant-orange when fresh, becoming dark, resinous and fragile on drying: spores smooth, hyaline. Type species, Polyporus Pilotae Schw. 72 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 9 1. Aurantiporus Pilotae (Schw.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 487. 1905. ? Polyporus croceus Pers. Obs. Myc. 1: 87, 1796. (Type from Europe.) Polyporus Pilotae Schw. Trans, Am. Phil. Soc. II. 4: 157. 1832. 1 Polyporus Pini-canadensis Schw. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. II. 4: 157. 1832. (Type from Pennsyl- i vania, sald to have been found on hemlock.) type f Ohio.) olyporus hypococcinus Berk, Lond. Jour. Bot. 6: 319. 1847. (Type from 10.) | Polyporus castanophilus Atk. Jour. Myc. 8: 118. 1902. (Type from North Carolina, on rotten chestnut logs.) Pileus sessile, often subradicate, dimidiate, convex, 8-20 10-40 X 1-3 cm.; surface rugose, sodden, velvety, with short hairs, ochraceous or reddish-orange, soon fading, brownish behind; margin ochraceous, sterile, tumid, becoming thinner at maturity: con- text melleous, tough, watery, elastic, rigid when dry, conspicuously marked with sordid zones, odor strong, but not characteristic; tubes 5-10 mm. long, luteous-orange to bright- orange when fresh, becoming dark and resinous on drying, the mouths small, regular, concolorous, 4-5 to a mm., dissepiments thin, minutely fimbriate: spores smooth, hyaline, 3-4 & 2-3 pe. TYPE LOCALITY: Pilot Mountain, North Carolina, on a dead chestnut trunk. HaBitaT: Much decayed oak and chestnut logs. DISTRIBUTION : Canada to North Carolina and west to Iowa; possibly also in Europe. ExsiccaTi1: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 2508. 45. FLAVIPORELLUS Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 485. 1905. Hymenophore small, annual, epixylous, sessile or substipitate, flabelliform, yellow throughout; surface anoderm, margin thin: context very thin and friable; tubes small, thin-walled, fragile: spores smooth, hyaline or yellowish. Type species, Polyporus Splitgerberi Mont. 1. Flaviporellus Splitgerberi (Mont.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 486. 1905. Polyporus Splitgerberi Mont. Ann. Sci. Nat. II. 16: 109. 1841.—Syll. Crypt. 164. 1856. Polyporus sulphuratus Fries, Nov. Symb. 79. 1851. (Type from Mexico.) Polyporus rheicolor Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 313. 1868. (Type from Cuba.) Pileus thin, dimidiate to spatulate-cuneate, densely imbricate, gibbous behind, 24 3-8 X0.1-0.2 cm.; surface anoderm, fibrose-radiate, subzonate, smooth, flavous-luteous with reddish-fulvous spots or zones, fulvous or umbrinous behind; margin very thin, sub- fibrous, inflexed or folded when dry, broadly sterile, golden-yellow: context radiate-fibrous, corky to woody, very hard next to the tubes, 1 mm. thick, bright shining-flavous; tubes annual, melleous within, scarcely a mm. long, mouths circular to angular, 4-6 to a mm., pale-luteous to melleous, edges very thin, becoming dentate-lacerate with age: spores smooth, ovoid or ellipsoid, subhyaline or pale-luteous, 4-5 >< 3; hyphae 3 thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Surinam, on dead standing trunks. HABITAT: Dead wood. DISTRIBUTION: Mexico; Cuba; also in Surinam. 46. LAETIPORUS Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 607. 1904. Hymenophore annual, epixylous, fleshy, anoderm, cespitose-multiplex : context cheesy to fragile, light-colored; tubes thin-walled, fragile, bright-yellow, mouths irregularly polygonal: spores smooth, hyaline. Type species, Agaricus speciosus Batt. 1. Laetiporus speciosus (Batt.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 607. 1904. Agaricus speciosus Batt. Fung. Hist. 68. 1755, Boletus sulphureus Bull. Herb. Fr. p/. 429. 1788. Boletus citrinus Planer, Ind. Pl. Erf. 26. 1788. Polyporus sulphureus Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 357, 1821, Polypilus sulphureus Karst. Rev. Myc. 39: 17. 1881. Polypilus speciosus Murrill, Jour. Myc.9: 93. 1903. Polyporus cincinnatus Morgan, Jour. Cine. Soc. Nat. Hist. 6: 97. 1885. Par? 2, 1908] POLYPORACEAK 73 Hymenophore cespitose-multiplex, 30-60 cm. broad; pileus cheesy, not becoming rigid, reniform, very broad, more or less stipitate, 5-15 & 7-20 x 0.5-1 cm.; surface finely tomentose to glabrous, rugose, anoderm, subzonate at times, varying from lemon-yellow to orange, fading out with age; margin thin, fertile, concolorous, subzonate,. finely tomen- tose, undulate, rarely lobed: context cheesy, very fragile when dry, yellow when fresh, usually white in dried specimens, homogeneous, 3-7 mm. thick; tubes annual, 2~3 mm. long, sulphur-yellow within, mouths minute, angular, somewhat irregular, 3-4 toa mm., edges very thin, lacerate, sulphur-yellow, with color fairly permanent in dried specimens : spores ovoid, smooth, or finely papillate, hyaline, 6-8 XK 3-5. TYPE LOCALITY: Europe. Hapitat: Trunks of deciduous, and rarely evergreen, trees. DisTRIBUTION : Cosmopolitan. ILLUSTRATIONS: Batt. Fung. Hist. p/. 34, f. B; Bull. Herb. Fr. loc. cit.; Gibson Edible Toadst. pl. 26 ExsiccaTi: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 707; Shear, N. VY. Fungi 30; Cavara, Fungi Longob. 214; Thiim. Myc. Univ. 1603, Linhart, Fungi Hung. 749; Krieger, Fungi Sax. 365; Rab. Fungi Eur. 907, Thiim. Fungi Austr. 1008. 47. PHAEOLOPSIS Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 489. 1905. Hymenophore annual, epixylous, stipitate; surface azonate, anoderm, yellow or brown; margin acute: context yellow, fleshy to tough and fibrous, not friable; tubes yellow, regular, minute, thin-walled: spores smooth, hyaline: stipe excentric or lateral, with sub- stance and surface like that of the pileus. Type species, Polyporus Verae-crucis Berk. 1. Phaeolopsis Verae-crucis (Berk.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 490. 1905. Polyporus Verae-crucis Berk. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist: 10: Suppl. 369. 2. 9-22, 1843. Pileus fleshy to tough, becoming rigid, flabelliform, with stipe lateral or excentric, depressed behind, 5-6 X 7-8>0.2-0.3 cm.; surface anoderm, azonate, glabrous, radiate- striate, bright-fuscous, darker with age; margin acute, undulate to lobed, inflexed when dry: context dark yellowish-orange in dried specimens, rhubarb-yellow when fresh, tough and fibrous, glistening, 1-2 mm. thick; tubes annual, about 1 mm. long, rhubarb-yellow when fresh, becoming fuscous, mouths minute, circular, regular, 6-7 to a mm., edges thin, equal, entire: stipe excentric or lateral, attenuate below, rhubarb-yellow when fresh, rough, slightly tomentose, resembling the context within. TYPE LOCALITY: Vera Cruz. HABITAT: Roots of trees. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. ILLUSTRATION: Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. loc. cit. 48. CERRENELLA Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 361. 1905. Hymenophore thin, effused-reflexed, annual, epixylous; surface brown, zonate, ano- derm; margin thin: context thin, coriaceous, brown; hymenium at first poroid, very soon becoming irpiciform, the teeth irregular and compressed: spores smooth, hyaline. Type species, Irpex tabacinus Berk. & Curt. Pileus very thin, 1 mm. or less in thickness. . Hymenium ferruginous, unchanging. 1. C. Ravenelit. Hymenium olivaceous, becoming cinereous. 2. C. farinacea. Pileus 3-7 mm. thick; hymenium chestnut-colored to almost black. 3. C. subcoriacea. 1. Cerrenella Ravenelii (Berk.) Murrill. Daedalea Ravenelii Berk. Grevillea1: 68. 1872. ; Ivpex tabacinus Berk. & Curt. Grevillea 1: 102. 1872. (Type from South Carolina.) Cerrenella tabacina Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 361. 1905. Pileus thin, coriaceous, flexible, effused-reflexed, the reflexed portion dimidiate, imbri- cate, connate, 0-1 1-3 X 0.1 cm.; surface tomentose to finely hirsute, finely concentrically striate, fulvous-chestnut to avellaneous; margin very thin, undulate to lobed, deflexed in dried specimens: context papery thin, concolorous; tubes short, irregular, less than 1 mm. 74 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 in length, 1-2 toa mm., teeth ferruginous, compressed, obtuse, somewhat seriate, irregular in size and shape, pulverulent at first: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 6-7 #; hyphae pale-ferruginous, 3-4 #; cystidia none. TYPE LOCALITY: South Carolina. HABITAT: Decaying deciduous branches. DISTRIBUTION : Southern United States. . : 3943 : ExsICCATI: Rav. Fungi Am. 7/3; Rav. Fungi Car.3: 22; Rab.-Wint.-Paz, Fungi Eur. ? Ellis, N. Am.Fungi 7/2; Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 27/7. 2. Cerrenella farinacea (Fries) Murrill. Irpex farimaceus Fries, Linnaea 5: 523. 1830. . Poria portoricensis Fries, Epicr. Myc. 483. 1838. (Type from Porto Rico.) : Hydnum trachyodon Lév, Ann. Sci. Nat. IIL. 2: 302. 1846. (Type from Bogota, Colombia. ) Irpex griseofuscus Mont. Syll. Crypt. 174. 1856. (Type from Guiana.) : Irpex coriaceus Berk. & Rav. Grevillea 1: 101. 1872. (Type from South Carolina.) Daedalea Burserae Pat. Jour. de Bot. 8: 341. 1889. (Type from Martinique.) Cerrenella coriacea Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 361. 1905. Pileus very thin, soft, flexible, coriaceous, entirely resupinate or effused-reflexed, the reflexed portion dimidiate, imbricate, laterally connate, 0-1 X 1-5 X 0.1 cm.; surface finely concentrically striate, tomentose, umbrinous-chestnut ; margin very thin, undulate to lobed, sterile: context membranous, concolorous, papery-thin ; tubes short, 1 mm. or less, irregu- lar, 2-3 to a mm., edges thin, fimbriate to lacerate, dentate, separated at a very young stage forming an irpiciform hymenium, yellowish-green to olive and finally cinereous and farinaceous: spores smooth, hyaline, 6-7 X 2.54; basidia hyaline, 15 K 4-5 #. TYPE LOCALITY: Brazil. : HABITAT: Decaying limbs of oak and other hardwood trees. DISTRIBUTION : Tropical America, and northward in the United States to Ohio and Iowa. Exsiccati: Rav. Fungi Am. 438, Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 1/05; Rav. Fungi Car. 3: 22. 3. Cerrenella subcoriacea Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus coriaceous, rather flexible, effused-reflexed, the reflexed portion dimidiate, imbricate, often laterally connate, 1-2 X 2-5 < 0.3-0.7 cm.; surface somewhat zonate, finely tomentose to glabrous, dark chestuut-colored ; margin entire to lobed, bay, tomentose, very thin: context very thin, less than 1mm., chestnut-colored, soft, fibrous; tubes often reviv- ing, 2-4 cm. long, umbrinous-chestnut and powdery within, hymenium irregular, daeda- leoid to iripiciform, mouths 1-2 to a mm., edges thin, firm, glistening, chestnut-colored to very dark-fuliginous, soon splitting into flat, more or less pointed teeth. Type collected in Nicaragua, on dead wood, B. Shimek. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 49. CORIOLOPSIS Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 358. 1905. Hymenophore thin, flexible or rigid, annual, epixylous, sessile, dimidiate, often largely resupinate ; surface light-brown to bay-black, zonate, anoderm, rarely encrusted with age, hairy; margin thin: context thin, coriaceous to woody, isabelline to purplish-umbrinous, rarely almost white; hymenium concolorous; tubes small, regular, thin-walled, entire: spores smooth, hyaline. Type species, Polyporus occidentalis Klotzsch. Pileus isabelline to fulvous. Pores inconspicuous ; pileus papery-thin, very soft and flexible. 1. C. crocaia. Pores conspicuous. — . Hymenium isabelline ; pileus usually thick and firm. 2. C. occidentalis. Hymenium whitish or grayish, at least until maturity; pileus thin, 1-3 mm., flexible, often narrowly reflexed or entirely resupinate. Surface and hymenium whitish to isabelline. Surface isabelline to fulvous or whitish-cinereous, hymenium mur- inous to umbrinous. Pileus wholly or partially darker than fulvous, usually bay-brown or blackish. Context nae can Surface finely tomentose to scabrous. ori Surface densely clothed with long cirriform fibers. A a eee Context umbrinous-chestnut. ae : Pileus effused, narrowly reflexed. 3. C. rigida. 4. C. fulvocinerea. PaRT 2, 1908] POLYPORACEAE 75 Tubes large, 2 to a mm., cinereous. 7. C. vittata. Tubes small, 7-8 to a mm., purplish-umbrinous. 8. C. vibratilts. Pileus not effused, or, if so, broadly reflexed. Surface entirely pure-black, or slightly fuliginous in narrow zones; hymenium grayish-white. 9. C. nigrocinerea. Surface fulvous-umbrinous with bay-black zones, or uniformly dark- bay. Pileus flexible, tomentose to aculeate. . C. caperaia, Pileus rigid, tomentose to glabrous; tubes often stratified. 7 Cc. Subglabrescens. 1. Coriolopsis crocata (Fries) Murrill. Bull. Torrey Club 32: 358. 1905. Polyporus crocatus Fries, Epicr. Myc. 477. 1838. Polyporus byrsinus Mont. Pl. Cell. Cuba 391. 1842.— Mont. Syll. Crypt. 167. 1856. (Type from Cuba.) Polystictus crocatus Fries, Nov. Symb. 91. 1851. Pileus coriaceous, membranous, flaccid, flexible, elastic, effused-reflexed, sometimes covering the entire under surface of logs, the reflexed portion dimidiate to reniform, applanate, conchate, 0-5 cm. long, 4 to many cm. broad, not exceeding 2 or 3 mm. in thickness; surface densely concentrically striate, somewhat zonate, villose-tomentose, grayish-isabelline or pale-fulvous; margin very thin, pallid, broadly sterile, entire to slightly undulate: context thin, membranous, isabelline, spongy, 1-2 mm. thick ; tubes very short and shallow, less than a mm. in length, mouths punctiform, regular, circular, 4-5 toamm., edges thick, entire, white to isabelline or pale-fulvous: spores smooth, hyaline. TYPE LOCALITY : Mexico. HABITAT: Dead deciduous wood. DISTRIBUTION: Tropical America. ILLUSTRATIONS: Mont. Pl. Cell. Cuba pl. 15, f. 3. 2. Coriolopsis occidentalis (Klotzsch) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 358. 1905. Polyporus occidentalis Klotesch, Linnaea 8: 486. 1833. ? Polyporus myrrhinus Kickx, Bull. Acad. Roy. Belg. 5: 370. 1838. Polyporus lanatus Fries, Bpicr. Myc. 490. 1838. (Type from the East Indies.) Polyporus lenis Lév. Ann, Sci. Nat. III. 9: 123. 1848. (Type from America.) Polystictus cyclodes homoporus Fries, Nov. Symb. 90. 1851. (Type from the island of St. John.) Polyporus scorteus Fries, Nov. Symb. 89. 1851. (Type from Pulo-Milu.) Pileus corky or leathery, dimidiate to reniform, applanate, 3-6 X 5-10 X 0.3-1 cm.; surface concentrically sulcate, zonate, tomentose, grayish-ochraceous to grayish-isabelline, somewhat fading with age; margin thin, velvety, entire : context ochroleucous, subshining, zonate, corky, 1-6 mw. thick; tubes rather short, 2-4 mm. long, isabelline within, mouths circular, slightly irregular at times, 2-4 to a mm., edges rather thick, becoming thin, entire, firm, milk-white when young and fresh, isabelline to ochraceous-fulvous at maturity : spores allantoid, smooth, hyaline, 5-7 X 2-3 #; hyphae 2-5 4. TYPE LOCALITY: St. Vincent, West Indies. HasitaT: Various kinds of dead wood. DISTRIBUTION : Tropical regions. 3. Coriolopsis rigida (Berk. & Mont.) Murrill. Trametes rigida Berk. & Mont. Ann. Sci. Nat. III. 11: 240, 1849. Not Polyporus rigidus Lév. 1844. Polystictus extensus Cooke; Sacc. Syll. Fung. 6: 244, 1888. Polystictus rigens Sacc. & Cub. in Sace. Syll. Fung. 6: 274. 1888. Pileus thin, coriaceous, flexible to rigid, effused-reflexed, imbricate, laterally connate, the reflexed portion flabelliform, applanate or conchate, 0.5-3 X 3-6 X 0.1-0.2 cm.; surface spuriously zoned, sometimes zonate behind, concentrically furrowed at times, hirsute to hispid, nearly white to isabelline; margin very thin, pallid, undulate. to lobed: context pallid to isabelline, membranous ; tubes very short, grayish-isabelline within, mouths fairly regular, circular to slightly angular, 3-4 to a mm., edges white to grayish-white and finally isabelline, rather thick at first, becoming thin, entire and slightly uneven: spores smooth, hyaline. TYPE LOCALITY : Bahia, Brazil. Hapitat: Dead wood of various kinds. . . DISTRIBUTION: Tropical America, and northward in the United States to Pennsylvania, Missouri, and Texas. EXSICCATI : Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 1694, 1695; Rav. Fungi Car. 1: 25; Rav. Fungi Am. 429. 76 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 4. Coriolopsis fulvocinerea Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus coriaceous, flexible to rigid, sessile, dimidiate, imbricate, laterally connate, often decurrent, usually conchate, 2-4 « 3-8 <0.2-0.4 cm.; surface spuriously zonate, concen- trically striate or sulcate, uneven, often plicate, isabelline to fulvous or cinereous, tomen- tose, scabrous behind ; margin very thin, undulate to lobed, tomentose, isabelline to ful- vous: context membranous, fibrous, pale-umbrinous, becoming darker with age, about 1-2 mm. thick ; tubes short, 1-2 mm. long, cinereous to avellaneous within, mouths minute, regular, circular to angular, 34 to a mm., elongated and irregular in larger specimens at times, murinous to umbrinous, edges thin, firm, entire: spores smooth, hyaline. Type collected at Santa Clara, Cuba, on dead wood in fields and thickets, March 17, 1905, /. S. Earle @ WA. Murrill 413. DISTRIBUTION: Cuba; Jamaica; Hispaniola; St. Croix; Barbados. 5. Coriolopsis Taylori Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus corky, rigid, subimbricate, sessile, dimidiate, conchate, 3-5 X 4-7 « 0.5-1.5cm.; surface zonate, roughly hispid to scabrous, aculeate behind, somewhat sulcate, finely radi- ate-striate, subshining and chestnut-colored in zones near the margin and opaque and isabelline-fulvous behind, or entirely multizonate and subshining ; margin thin, pallid, tomentose, entire or undulate: context isabelline, distinctly zonate, almost woody, 0.3-1 em. thick; tubes slender, 2-4 mm. long, circular, umbrinous within, mouths circular, regular, minute, 5-7 to a mm., grayish-umbrinous to fuliginous, edges entire, becoming rather thin, but firm and even: spores smooth, hyaline. Type collected near Santiago, Cuba, on dead logs, August 25, 1906, Norman Taylor 1. DISTRIBUTION : Honduras; Cuba; Porto Rico; St. John. 6. Coriolopsis cirrifer (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Polyporus cirrhiferus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 314. 1868. Polystictus cirrifer Sace, Syll. Fung. 6: 282. 1888. Pileus rigid, hard, attached by a short tubercle, dimidiate to flabelliform, conchate, 4-6 * 5-8 X 0.5-0.8 cm.; surface densely clothed with cirriform fibers, spuriously zonate, dark-fulvous to chestnut-colored; margin acute, undulate, sterile, pallid: context thin, firm and tough, isabelline, 1-3 mm. thick; tubes slender, avellaneous, 4-5 mm. long, mouths circular, regular, 5 toa mm., edges thick, firm, entire, avellaneous to fuliginous: spores not examined. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. HasitaT: Dead wood. DISTRIBUTION : British Honduras; Nicaragua; Cuba. 7. Coriolopsis vittata (Ellis & Macbr.) Murrill. Hexagona vitiata Ellis & Macbr.; Ellis & Ev. Bull. Lab. Nat. Hist. Univ. lowa 4: 68. 1896. Pileus very thin, flexible, coriaceous, laterally connate, effused-reflexed, 2-3 X 6-10 cm., the reflexed portion 0.5-1 cm. long, 2 to many cm. broad, scarcely a mm. thick; sur- face tomentose, zonate, fulvous to bay-black, the zones nearly glabrous; margin very thin, sterile, isabelline, undulate to lobed, deflexed at times: context extremely thin, less than half a mm., tawny-bay, membranous; tubes short, scarcely a mm. long, whitish-cinereous within, mouths large, regular, subhexagonal, 2 to a mm., edges thin, firm, subentire to fimbriate or slightly lacerate, cinereous or grayish to umbrinous : spores not examined. TYPE LOCALITY: Castillo, Nicaragua. HaBITAT: On the under surface of fallen stems and branches of deciduous trees. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 8. Coriolopsis vibratilis (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Polyporus vibratilis Berk, & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 314, 1868. Pileus resupinate to shortly reflexed, thin, corky, 1-3 mm. thick ; surface finely tomen- tose, gilvous-umbrinous, azonate, anoderm ; margin sterile, rather thick, entire or undulate: context membranous, 1 mm, in diameter, soft-corky, purplish-umbrinous ; tubes short. 1-2 mm., avellaneous within, mouths minute, regular, hexagonal, glistening, stuffed ned Parr 2, 1908] POLYPORACEAE 77 young, 7-8 to a mm., edges very thin, entire or slightly toothed, purplish-umbrinons: spores smooth, hyaline. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. HABITAT: Dead wood. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 9. Coriolopsis nigrocinerea Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus attached by a scutate disc or small tubercle, dimidiate to circular, subimbricate, thin, coriaceows, 2-3 X 3-5 X 0.2-0.5 cm.; surface hispid, tomentose, zonate, concentrically striate, fuliginous to pure-black; margin pallid, thin, entire to undulate, velvety: context membranous, fibrous, umbrinous to fuliginous, 1-2 mm. thick; tubes short, 1-2 mm. long, chalk-white within, mouths circular to angular, becoming more or less irregular and uneven, about 3 to a mm., edges avellaneous to cinereous, firm, subentire, rather thin: spores smooth, hyaline. Type collected on the top of El Yunque, Cuba, on an old pole, March, 1903, ZL. 2%. Underwood & F.S. Earle 1234. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 10. Coriolopsis caperata (Berk.) Murrill. Polyporus caperatus Berk. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 3: 391. 1839. Trametes dibapha Berk. Vidensk. Meddel. 1879-80: 32. 1879. (Type from Brazil.) Pileus thin, coriaceous, flexible, dimidiate to flabelliform, sessile, narrowly attached, often laterally connate and subimbricate, sometimes decurrent, 4-7 * 5-8 X 0.2-0.3 cm.; surface conspicuously tomentose, becoming aculeate, zonate, especially with age, uneven, isabelline to umbrinous, with bay or blackish zones ; margin thin, undulate to lobed, sterile, almost white: context thin, punky above, corky below, umbrinous-chestnut, 2-4 mm. thick ; tubes short, avellaneous within, 1-2.5 mm. long, mouths circular to subangular, regular, even, 3-4 toa mm., edges rather thick, firm, entire, pale-isabelline or grayish- avellaneous to pale-umbrinous : spores 8-10 * 3-4 «; hyphae 3 #. TYPE LOCALITY: Mauritius. Hasitat: Dead wood. DISTRIBUTION: West Indies and Central America ; also in South Americaand tropical regions of Africa and Asia. 11. Coriolopsis subglabrescens Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus slightly flexible to rigid, sometimes reviving for several seasons and presenting the appearance of a very thin Pyropolyporus, dimidiate to reniform, narrowly attached, decurrent, usually applanate, 4-6 X 7-12 X 0.4-1 cm.; surface tomentose, sulcate, umbri- nous to bay or blackish, becoming glabrous and bay-black; margin pallid, entire, acute: context thin, corky, purplish-umbrinous, 2-3 mm. thick, becoming indurate and blackish- encrusted above with age; tubes grayish-umbrinous, often stratose, especially behind, 2-4 mm, long, mouths circular, minute, regular, 5-6 to a mm., edges thick, entire, firm, avel- laneous-isabelline to pale-umbrinous : spores smooth, hyaline. Type collected on Pine Hill, Cuba, on a small dead stub, March, 1903, ZL. MW. Underwood & F. S. Harle 1329, ; DISTRIBUTION : Cuba, Porto Rico, and Jamaica. DoUBTFUL SPECTES Polyporus Swartzianus V,év. Ann, Sci. Nat. ITT. 5: 132. 1846. Described from Swartz’s Jamaican collections. Type not found. Polystictus corrugis Fries, Nov. Symb. 82. 1851. Collected by Benson on trunks of’ trees in the West Indies. Polystictus cascus Fries, Nov. Symb. 88. 1851. Described from Oersted’s collections in Costa Rica. Type specimen not found. Polystictus comatus Fries, Nov. Symb. 91. 1851. Described from specimens collected on trunks at San José, Costa Rica, by Oersted. Type specimen not found. 78 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 50. FUNALIA Pat. Tax. Hymén. 95. 1900. Hymenophore annual, epixylous, sessile, dimidiate, often semi-resupinate ; surface anoderm, hairy to aculeate: context light-brown, more or less duplex, spongy above, cori- aceous to woody below; tubes usually large, thin-walled, more or less lacerate: spores smooth, hyaline. Type species, Funalia Mons-Veneris (Jungh.) Pat. Context very thin, 1-2 mm. Surface villose, with simple hairs ; hymenium pale rose-tinted when fresh. 1. 7. villosa. Surface strigose, with branched hairs ; hymenium pallid to brown. 2. F. cladotricha. Context usually quite thick, 3-15 mm. Se Surface hispid. 3. F. hispidula. Surface villose or hirsute. 4, F. stuppea. Surface aculeate. 5. F. aculetfer. 1. Funalia villosa (Sw.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 356. 1905. Boletus villosus Sw. Prodr. 148. 1788.—Sw. Fl. Ind. Occ. 3: 1923. 1806. Favolus villosus Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 344. 1821. Polyporus villosus Fries, Epicr. Myc. 475. 1838. Pileus effused-reflexed, imbricate, laterally connate, coriaceous, the reflexed portion 2-3 X 3-6 X 0.3-0.8 cm.; surface villose, spuriously and opaquely zoned, grayish-white, becoming umbrinous to ferruginous behind with age; margin thin, acute, concolorous, undulate to lobed: context pallid, very thin, membranous, fibrous, scarcely a mm. thick; tubes slender, 5-7 mm. long, isabelline within, mouths very variable in size and shape, 0.5-2 mm. broad, circular to angular or slightly daedaleoid, edges thin, entire to toothed, grayish-isabelline, pale rose-tinted when fresh: spores oblong-allantoid, smooth, hyaline, scanty, 6-8 X 2-4; hyphae 2-2.5 p. TYPE LOCALITY: Jamaica. HasBitaT: Dead deciduous and coniferous wood. DISTRIBUTION: Florida, Louisiana, and tropical America. ExsiccaTi: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 2707. 2. Funalia cladotricha (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 357. 1905. Polyporus cladotrichus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 309. 1868. Pileus dimidiate, sessile, sometimes effused-reflexed, 2-5 K 3-8 0.5-0.8 cm.; surface brown, conspicuously covered with branched, strigose hairs, which are somewhat concen- trically arranged in zones, especially near the margin, which is thin, concolorous, undulate : context thin, soft-corky to spongy, brown, 1-2 mm. thick ; tubes’long, uneven, irregular and variable in size, grayish-brown within, 3-7 mm. long, mouths angular to daedaleoid, averaging 1 mm. in breadth, edges thin, uneven to lacerate-toothed, brown or grayish- umbrinous: spores smooth, hyaline. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. HaBITat: Dead wood. DISTRIBUTION: Texas; Cuba. 3. Funalia hispidula (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Trametes hispidulus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 319. 1868. Hapalopilus hispidulus Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 419. 1904. Pileus small, undulate, dimidiate, sessile, 1-2 x 2-4.5 * 0.5-1 cm.; surface ferruginous- umbrinous, hispid, azonate, anoderm; margin thick, at least when young, subtomentose slightly paler, sterile: context zonate, fibrose-corky, shining-isabelline, 3-7 mm. thick ; tubes concolorous with the context, short, mouths circular and widely separated by thick dissepiments when young, 0.5-1 mm. broad, pale-ferruginous, becoming darker with age: spores smooth, hyaline. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. HasiraT: Dead wood. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. Parr 2, 1908] POLYPORACEAE 79 4. Funalia stuppea (Berk.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 356. 1905. Tranvetes stuppeus Berk. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 7: 453. 1841. Polyporus Lindheimeri Berk. & Curt. Grevillea 1: 50, 1872. (Type from Texas.) Trametes Peckii Kalchb. Bot. Gaz. 6: 274. 1881. (Type from Dakota.) Pileus corky to woody, variable in size, dimidiate, sessile, decurrent, imbricate, con- vex above, 2-6 5-12 X 0.5-3 cm.; surface ferruginous to fulvous, hirsute to villose, azo- nate, sulcate at times; margin thin or rounded, concolorous, entire or slightly undulate : context isabelline, zonate, corky to woody, duplex in large specimens, being softer above, 0.3-1.5 em. thick; tubes rather long, 3-12 mm., whitish-isabelline within, mouths rather variable in size, subcircular to angular, distorted with age, averaging about 1 mm. in diameter, edges thin, fimbriate to toothed, isabelline to fuscous: spores oblong or slightly curved, smooth, hyaline, 11-13 « 3.5-4 pz. TYPE LOCALITY: Carlton House, British North America. HapitaT: Dead poplar trunks. DISTRIBUTION: Temperate North America. EXSICCATI: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 206; Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 502. 5. Funalia aculeifer (Berk. & Curt.) Murriil. Trametes aculetfer Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 319. 1868. Polystictus Hariotianus Speg. Rev. Myc. 11: 94. 1889. (Type from Paraguay.) Pileus irregularly effused to imbricate and dimidiate, triangular in section, 0.5-1 1-2 X 0.5-1.5 cm.; surface isabelline, very uneven, broken up into projections, which vary in size and are decorated with rigid cylindrical or flattened latericeous aculeae ; margin thin, pallid, often indefinite or very irregular: context white, spongy, 0.5-1 mm. thick, penetrated by the aculeae ; tubes very irregular in size and shape, 2-3 mm. long, white within, mouths polygonal to radially elongate, averaging about 1 mm. in width, edges thin, uneven to toothed or lacerate. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. HABITAT: Dead wood. : : DISTRIBUTION: Cuba; also in South America. DOUBTFUL SPECIES, Trametes mexicana Berk, & Curt. in Berk. Jour. Linn. Soc. 9: 423. 1867. Described from Botteri’s collections near Orizaba, Mexico. The type specimens at Kew are in very poor condition. The size of the tubes suggests this genus rather than Coriolopsis. Ceriomyces mexicanus de Seynes, Bull. Soc. Myc. Fr. 6: 102. 1890. An abnormal species resembling members of the genus Punxalza. More material is necessary in order to locate it definitely. 51. TRICHAPTUM Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 608. 1904. Hymenophore annual, epixylous, sessile, dimidiate: context brown, firm and leathery below, very loosely fibrous and darker above ; tubes short, thin-walled, mouths polygonal, at times becoming labyrinthiform : spores smooth, hyaline. Type species, Polyporus trichomalius Berk. & Mont. 1. Trichaptum trichmoallum (Berk. & Mont.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 608. 1904. ? Polyporus Perrotietit Lév. Aun. Sci. Nat. III. 6: 195. 1844. (Type from Java.) Polyporus trichomalius Berk. & Mont. Ann, Sci. Nat. III. 11: 238. 1849. ? Polyporus endothrix Berk, Jour. Bot. & Kew Misc. 8: 197. 1856. (Type from Brazil.) Funalia trichomalla Pat. Tax. Hymén. 95. 1900. Pileus effused-reflexed, laterally connate, sometimes covering the entire under surface of dead logs, the reflexed portion dimidiate, conchate, 1-10 cm. long, 5 to many cm. broad, 5-10 mm. thick, thicker by overlapping; surface fuliginous to almost black, some- 80 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 9 times zonate, very conspicuously ornamented with long intricately-branched hairs; margin thin, sterile, concolorous, somewhat inflexed on drying : context light-brown, meinbranous below, very loosely fibrous and darker above, the entire plant, with the exception of the tubes and the very thin layer to which they are attached, being composed of the loose branched fibers mentioned above ; tubes short, 1-3 mim. long, avellaneous within, months angular, often irregular and sometimes daedaleoid, about 0.5 mm. broad, edges thin, entire, avellaneous, soon becoming lacerate or irpiciform. TYPE LOCALITY: Guiana. HapiTaT: Dead wood. . 2 : DISTRIBUTION: Central America; Cuba; Jamaica; also in South America. 52. HAPALOPILUS Karst. Rev. Myc. 3°: 18. 1881. Hymenophore annual, rarely perennial, epixylous, sessile, dimidiate, simple or imbri- cate ; surface anoderm, rarely pelliculose, zonate or azonate, usually brown and glabrous: context brown, leathery or corky, tough or rarely friable when dry; hymenium usually differently colored, tubes small, thin-walled: spores small, usually ovoid, hyaline. Type species, Hapalopilus nidulans (Fries) Karst. Hymenium concolorous; pileus smooth, entirely devoid of zones or furrows ; context soft and friable, spores 2.5 X 3.5m. : Hymenium differently colored; pileus rarely smooth ; context rigid or corky, not friable. Hymenium lilac-colored, tubes 1 cm. or more in length; pileus concen- trically sulcate. Hymenium dark-brown, tubes less than 0.5 em. in length; pileus smooth or zonate. 2 Context rigid; pileus azonate or with fewand indefinite markings. 3. H. gilvus. Context flexible when sporophore is expanded ; pileus plainly and defi- ; nitely multizonate. 4. HT. licnotdes. 1. A. rutilans. 2. H. sublilacinus. 1. Hapalopilus rutilans (Pers.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 416. 1904. Boleteus suhyosus Bull. Herb. Fr, 11: 354. 1791. Not B. suberosus I, 1753. Boletus rutilans Pers. Ic. Descr. Fung. 18. 1798. . Polyporus nidulans Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 362. 1821. (Type from Sweden.) Polyporus rutilans Fries, Syst. Myc. : 363. 1821. Polyporus pallido-cervinus Schw. Trans, Am. Phil. Soc. II. 4; 156, 1832. (Type from Pennsyl- vania.) Hapalopilus nidulans Karst. Rev. Myc. 39: 18. 1881. Inonotus nidulans Karst. Fin]. Basidsv. 332. 1889. Pileus thick, convex above and below, very soft, fleshy, dimidiate, usually broadly attached, more or less imbricate at times, 2-4 X 3.5-7 & 0.5-1.5 cm.; surface smooth, ano- derm, azonate, finely villose to glabrous, ochraceous-isabelline to bay-brown; margin rather thick, entire or undulate, becoming reddish-brown when bruised: context spongy, friable when dry, ochraceous-isabelline, homogeneous, 3-7 mm. thick; tubes rather long, slender, isabelline to pale-fulvous, 3-6 mm. long, mouths angular, averaging 3 to a mm., somewhat irregular with age, edges isabelline, whitish when young, thin, very fragile, subentire: spores ellipsoid or globose, smooth, hyaline, 3 & 2.5 u. TYPE LOCALITY: Europe. HABITAT : Dead wood of deciduous trees. DISTRIBUTION : Temperate North America ; also in Hurope. ; ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. Herb. Fr. p/. 482 ; Pers. Ic. Descr. Fung. pl. 6, f. 3. 2. Hapalopilus sublilacinus (Ellis & Ev.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 417. 1906. Mucronoporus sublilacinus Ellis & Ev. Bull. Torrey Club 27: 50. 1900. Pileus applanate, dimidiate, 6-7 X 9-10 X 1-2 cm.; surface concentrically striate, zon- ate, cinereous-gray to avellaneous-fulvous ; margin acute, entire: context corky, zonate, 3-5 mm. thick, bright cinnamon-yellow to pale-fulvous; tubes long, slender, pale-umbri- nous within, 5-15 mm., mouths minute, circular, regular, slightly uneven, 5 to a mm., Part 2, 1908] POLYPORACEAE 81 edges obtuse, entire, lilac to umbrinous: spores smooth, hyaline; spines stout, cylindrical- conical, 15-20 x 4 4%. TYPE LOCALITY: Louisiana. HasitaT: Dead pine logs. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 3. Hapalopilus gilvus (Schw.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 418. 1904. Boletus gilvus Schw. Schr. Nat. Ges. Leipzig 1: oa 1822. Polyporus gilvus Fries, Elench. Fung. 104. 1828 ? Polyporus calvescens Berk. Ann. Nat. Hist. 3: 390. 1839. (Type from New Orleans, Louisiana. )" Polyporus omalopitus Mont. Pl. Cell. Cuba 423. 1842. (Type from Cuba.) ? Polyporus endozonus Fries, Nov. Symb. 54. 1851. (Type from the island of St. John.) Polyporus carneofulvus Berk.; ; Fries, Nov. Symb. 68. 1851. ? Trametes Petersii Berk. & Curt. Grevillea 1: 66. 1872. (Type from Alabama.) Polyporus breviporus Cooke, Grevillea 12: 7. 1883. (Type from Australia.) Polystictus purpureofuscus Cooke, Grevillea 15: 24. 1886. (Type from South Carolina.) Polyporus aureomarginatus P, Henn. Bot. Jahrb. 22: 72. 1895. (Type from Kamerun.) Pileus corky, dimidiate, sessile, imbricate, applanate or conchate, 3-6 x 5-10 X 0.5-1.5 cm.; surface finely tomentose to glabrous, azonate, isabelline to fulvous, often marked with indistinct purplish-fuscous bands, rugulose to uneven; margin thin, ferruginous, entire to undulate, abruptly sterilé: context ferruginous, fibrous-spongy to corky, zonate, 3-7 mm. thick; tubes short, slender, avellaneous to grayish-umbrinous within, 3-5 mm. long, often found stratified, especially in the tropics, mouths small, regular, circular to angular, 6-8 toa mm., edges at first thick, pale-ferruginous, becoming thin, entire, glistening, olivaceous- Piscous to purplish-fuscous: spores elongate-ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 4-6 « 2-4“; spines chestnut-colored, ovate-subulate, 15-20 K 4-5; hyphae 2-44. TYPE LOCALITY: North Carolina. HasitTaT: Decayed wood of deciduous trees. DISTRIBUTION: Cosmopolitan. Exsiccati: Rab.-Wint. Fungi Eur. 3471, Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 607; Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 3/0, Rav. Fungi Am, #20. 4. Hapalopilus licnoides (Mont.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 417. 1904. Polyporus licnoides Mont. Pl. Cell. Cuba 401. 1842. ? Polyporus spurcus Lév. Ann. Sci. Nat. III. 5: 135. 1846. (Type from Guadeloupe.) Polystictus licnoides Fries, Nov. Symb. 92. 1851. Polystictus subglaber Ellis & Macbr. Bull. Lab. Nat. Hist. Univ. Iowa 32: 192, 1896. (Type from Nicaragua. ) Pileus thin, coriaceous, flexible, imbricate, dimidiate, often narrowly attached, applanate or conchate, 3-6 X 4-8 0.2-0.5 cm.; surface multizonate, concentrically striate, finely tomentose to partially glabrous, rather smooth, subshining, fulvous, with bay zones; margin very thin, entire, ferruginous: context thin, ferruginous to fulvous, fibrose-spongy, 1 mm. thick; tubes short, 1-2 mm., fulvous, glaucous near the mouths, which are very minute, regular, circular, 7-9 to a mm., edges thick, entire, pale-ferruginous to purplish- ferruginous: spores ellipsoid or subglobose, smooth, hyaline, 3-4>x'2-3%; spines subulate, chestnut-colored, 15-25 6“; hyphae 2-44. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. HagiTaT: Dead wood of various kinds. DISTRIBUTION: Tropical America; Gulf States ; also in tropical Asia. ILLUSTRATION: Mont. Pl. Cell. Cuba £2. 16, f. 2, DOUBTFUL SPECIES Polyporus sordidus Berk.; Fries, Nov. Symb. 80. 1851. Not Folyporus sordidus Lév. Ann, Sci. Nat. III. 2: 192. 1844. Polyporus sordidulus Cooke, Trans. Bot. Soc. Edinb. 13: 153. 1878. Described from Oersted’s collections in Costa Rica. Allied to A. gi/vus, but said to differ in tubes and trama. Type specimen not found. Polyporus dorcas Berk, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. II. 9: 195. 1852. Described from San Domingo, collected by Sallé. It somewhat resembles Bjyerkandera subsimulans. 82 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 9 53. ISCHNODERMA Karst. Medd. Soc. Faun. Fl. Fenn. 5: 38. 1879. Hymenophore large, annual, epixylous, sessile ; surface pelliculose, glabrous: context light-brown, fleshy to slightly corky, friable when dry; tubes small, thin-walled: spores smooth, hyaline. Type species, /schnoderma resinosunt (Schrad.) Karst. 1. Ischnoderma fuliginosum (Scop.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 606. 1904. Boletus fuliginosus Scop. Fl. Carn. ed. 2.2: 470. 1772. Boletus rubiginosus Schrad. Spic. Fl. Ger. 168. 1794. (Type from Germany.) Boletus resinosus Schrad. Spic. Fl. Ger. 171.1794. (Type from Germany.) Trametes benzoina Fries, Epicr. Myc. 489. 1838. Ischnoderma resinosum Karst. Medd. Soc. Faun. Fl. Fenn. 5: 38. 1879. Pileus very large, subimbricate, laterally connate, effused-reflexed, often covering the entire under surface of logs, the reflexed portion applanate, 5-15 cm. long, 10 to many cm. broad, 1-2.5 cm. thick; surface pelliculose, floccose, rugose, zonate, fuliginous, ivory-black and dark-fulvous, with a conspicuous resinous appearance; margin acute, concolorous, inflexed on drying, entire or undulate: context fleshy, becoming corky with age, very firm and rather fragile when dry, light-brown, 5-10 mm. thick; tubes pallid to umbrinous, 5-8 mm. long, mouths minute, white, angular, equal, becoming umbrinous and somewhat irregular with age, edges thin, fimbriate to lacerate ; spores smooth, cylindrical, subcurved, hyaline, 4-6 & 1.5-2 #. TYPE LOCALITY: Carniola. Hasitat: Fallen trunks of basswood, maple, fir, spruce, and certain other trees. DISTRIBUTION: Canada to Florida and west to Wisconsin ; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATION: Fries, Ic. Hymen. pl. 483, f. 2 Exsiccati: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 406: Shear, N. Y. Fungi 722; Rab.-Wint. Fungi 3332 ; Kellerm. Ohio Fungi /05; Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 203, 1304 ; Linhart, Fungi Hung. 447, Thiim. Fungi Austr. 723 ; Krieger, Fungi Sax. 525; Thtim. Myc. Univ. 1103. 54. ANTRODIA Karst. Medd. Soc. Faun. Fl. Fenn. 5: 40. 1879. Hymenophore small, annual, epixylous, sessile or semiresupinate; surface zonate, encrusted, glabrous: context thin, light-brown, fibrous; tubes short, firm, thin-walled: spores smooth, hyaline. Type species, ntrodia mollis (Sommerf.) Karst. _ 1. Antrodia mollis (Sommerf.) Karst Medd. Soc. Faun. FI. Fenn. 5: 40. 1879. Daedalea moltis Sommerf. Suppl. Fl. Lapp. 271. 1826. Trametes stereoides Bres. Atti Accad. Roveret. III. 3: 92. 1897. Pileus sessile or semiresupinate, often broadly effused, the reflexed portion irregular, imbricate, conchate, often plicate, 1-2 cm. long, 2-8 cm. broad, less than 5 mm. thick ; surface light-brown to umbrinous or black, encrusted, conspicuously multizonate, finely tomentose to glabrous, eneven; margin acute, rather thick, sterile, pale-brown, finely tomentose: context very thin, membranous, light-brown next to the tubes, fulvous above with a black line between ; tubes very variable in size and shape, avellaneous within, 2-4 mm. long, mouths Gru to sinuous, 1-3 to a mm., edges rather thick, firm, entire, Oaea splitting into flat teeth in old plants: spores Slongate-cllipsoid. smooth, hyaline, 9-11 < 4-5 uw; hyphae 2 # thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Lapland. HaBitTaT: Dead deciduous wood. DISTRIBUTION : Temperate North America and Europe. ExsiccaTi: Thiim. Myc. Univ. 2004; Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 2506; Rab.-Wint. Fungi Eur. 3739. Part 2, 1908] POLYPORACEAE 83 55. FAVOLUS Beauv. Fl. Oware 1: 1. pl. 7. 1805. Scenidiun Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 515. 1893. Hymenophore small, annual, epixylous, sessile, dimidiate or reniform ; surface azonate or multizonate; margin usually thin: context thin, leathery, isabelline or fulvous; tubes alveolar: spores smooth, hyaline. Type species, Favolus hirtus Beauv. Pileus less than 1 cm. thick. Surface marked with white and light-brown zones. 1. F. tenuts. Surface variegated with dark-brown and purple zones. 2, F. variegatus. Pileus 2-3 cm. thick ; surface azonate. 3. &. leprosus. 1. Favolus tenuis (Hook.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 100. 1905. Boletus reticulaius Hook. in Kunth, Syn. Pl. 1: (9). 1822. (Type fromthe Andes.) Not #. reticu- latus Schaeff. Boletus tenuis Hook. in Kunth, Syn. Pl. 1: (10). 1822. Polyporus bivalvis Pers.; Gaud, Voy. Freyc. Bot. 168. 1826. (Type from Rawak.) Polyporus polygrammus Mont. Ann. Sci. Nat. II. 8: 365. 1837.” (Type from Cuba.) Hexagona orbiculata Fries, Fungi Guin. f. 9. 1837. (Type from Guinea.) Hexagona cervino-plumbea Jungh. Crypt. Javae 61. pl. 15, f. 32. 1838. (Type from Java.) Hexagona polygramma Fries, Epicr. Myc. 497. 1838.—Mont. Pl. Cell. Cuba 379. pl. 14, f. 3. 1842. (Type from Cuba.) ; Hexagona tenuis Fries, Epicr. Myc. 498. 1838. Hexagona cingulata Lév. Ann. Sci. Nat. III. 2: 200. 1844. (Type from Hispaniola.) Hexagona similis Berk. Lond. Jour. Bot. 5: 4. 1846. (Type from Australia.) ? Hexagona unicolor Fries, Nov. Symb. 101. 1851. (Type from Tropical America.) _ Hexagona Thwaitesii Berk. & Curt. Proc. Am. Acad. 4: 122. 1860. (Type from Bonin Island.) sere Javoloides Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 10: 73. 1883. (Type from the Roatan Islands, Honduras.) Hlexagona tenuis subtenuis Cooke, Grevillea 19: 103. 1891. (Type from Central America.) Pileus coriaceous, reniform, conchate or applanate, narrowly attached behind, 3-6 5-11 X 0.1-0.3cm.; surface glabrous, polished, pale wood-colored to avellaneous-umbrinous, repeatedly narrowly zonate ; margin very thin, usually entire or slightly undulate: context membranous, pale-isabelline, 0.5-1 mm. thick ; tubes very short,1-2 mm. long, avellaneous within, mouths alveolar, circular to hexagonal, exceedingly variable in size in different collections, averaging 0.5-1 mm. in diameter, edges rather thick, firm, entire. TYPE LOCALITY: Between Popayan and Almaguer, Colombia. HABITAT: Dead deciduous wood. DISTRIBUTION : Tropical regions. ILLUSTRATION: Mont. Pl. Cell. Cuba Joc. cit. 2. Favolus variegatus (Berk.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 101. 1905. ?Hexagona papyracea Berk. Aun. Mag. Nat. Hist. 10: suppl. 379. 1843. (Type from Brazil.) Hexagona variegata Berk. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. II. 9: 196, 1852.—Proc. Am. Acad. 4: 122. 1858. Pileus dimidiate to reniform, thin, coriaceous, 4-6 « 8-12 « 0.1-0.4 cm.; surface radi- ate-rugose, multizonate, velvety, becoming glabrous, chestnut-colored, variegated with chocolate-brown or bay-brown tints; margin very thin, slightly paler, blackening when bruised, entire to lobed: context very thin, 1 mm. or less thick, fibrous, isabelline to um- brinous; tubes very short, pale-umbrinous within, scarcely a mm. long, alveolar, subcir- cular to hexagonal, 1-2 to a mm., edges rather thick, firm, even, pallid to pale-umbri- nous: spores smooth, hyaline; hyphae 2-4 x. TYPE LOCALITY: Santo Domingo. Hapitat: Dead wood. . DISTRIBUTION : Tropical America. 3. Favolus leprosus (Fries) Murrill. Hexagona leprosa Fries, Nov. Symb. 101. 1851. Pileus thick, pulvinate, undulate, narrowly attached and nearly circular to dimidiate, 5-12 cm. broad, 3-5 cm. thick ; surface nearly smooth, azonate, short-tomentose in spots, finally glabrous, fulvous in dried specimens; margin thin, concolorous, dark-colored when 84 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoruME 9 bruised: context soft, punky, homogeneous, isabelline to pale-umbrinous, 2 mm. thick in front, about 1 cm. thick behind; tubes long and large, isabelline when young, 1.5-2 cm. in length, mouths alveolar, about 2 mm. broad, becoming irregular and lacerate with age, edges thin, uneven, at length deeply toothed: spores not examined. TYPE LOCALITY: Island of St. John, West Indies. HABITAT: Dead wood. DISTRIBUTION: St. John ; also in Brazil. 56. FLAVIPORUS Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 360. 1905. Hymenium: annual, often reviving, epixylous, sessile, dimidiate, imbricate; surface encrusted, glabrous: context thick, woody, brown; hymenium yellow to orange; tubes thin-walled, minute, regular: spores smooth, hyaline. Type species, Polyporus rufoflavus Berk. & Curt. Hymenium pale lemon-yellow. 1. F. rufo] avus. Hymenium deep orange-colored. 2. F. crocttinctus. 1. Flaviporus rufoflavus (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 360. 1905. Polyporus rufoflavus Berk, & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 310. 1868. Pileus dimidiate, 1 x 2-3 X 0.1-0.4 cm.; surface rufous, thinly encrusted, finely pubes- cent to glabrous, polished, zonate; margin thin, undulate: context thin, pallid, less than 1 mm. thick; tubes slender, i-2 mm. long, yellowish, mouths very minute, angular, cit- rinous, 7-10 to a mm., edges thin, entire: spores smooth, hyaline. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. HapitaT: Decaying wood. DISTRIBUTION: Tropical America. 2. Flaviporus crocitinctus (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 360. 1905. Polyporus crocitincius Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 311. 1868. Pileus hard, rigid, dimidiate, laterally connate, subimbricate, 3 <5 X 0.3-0.5 cm.; surface brown to black, thinly engrusted, sulcate, zonate, rugose, finely tomentose to glabrous, subshining; margin thin, finely tomentose, yellowish, lobed in type specimens: context thin, fibrous, flavous to luteous, scarcely 1 mm. thick; tubes slender, 2-4 mm. long, yellow to ferruginous, mouths circular to angular, stuffed when young, 4-5 to a mm., edges thin, entire, flavous to luteous: spores smooth, hyaline. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. Hasitat: Decaying wood. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 57. POGONOMYCES Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 609. 1904. Hymenophore annual, epixylous, dimidiate-sessile to flabelliform, thickly covered with rigid hairs: context dark-brown, punky to corky; tubes short, thick-walled, light- brown, mouths small, circular : spores smooth, hyaline. Type species, Boletus hydnoides Sw. 1. Pogonomyces hydnoides (Sw.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 609. 1904. é Boletus hydnoides Sw. Prodr. 149, 1788. —F1. Ind. Occid. 3: 1924. 1806. oe A dial Bosc, Ges. Nat. Freunde Berlin Mag. 5: 84. pl. 4.7 3. 1811. (Type from arolina.) Polyporus pellitus G. Meyer, Fl. Esseq. 304. 1818. (Type from Guiana.) Boletus crinitus Spreng, Sv. Vet.-Acad. Handl. 1820: 51. 1820. (Type from Porto Rico.) Boletus fibrosus Hook. in Kunth, Syn. Pl. 1: (10). 1822. (Type from the Andes.) Trametes ocellata Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 319. 1868. (Type from Cuba.) Polyporus Feathermanni Rav. Grevillea 6: 130. 1877. (Type from Florida.) Pileus dimidiate, sessile, often imbricate, conchate, 3-5 X 5-10 0.5-1 cm.; surface zonate, tawny-bay to-nearly black, conspicuously and thickly covered with rigid, branched Part 2, 1908] POLYPORACEAE 85 fibers, which often more or less disappear with age; margin entire or undulate, pallid, acute, sterile below: context fulvous at maturity, zonate, punky to corky, 3-5 mm. thick ; tubes rather long, grayish-umbrinous within, equaling the thickness of the context, mouths small, circular to somewhat angular, 3-4 toa mm., edges thick, entire, pallid to umbrinous: spores oblong, smooth, hyaline, 8-10 X 3-4 z. TYPE LOCALITY : Jamaica. HawsiTaT: Various forms of dead wood. DISTRIBUTION : Gulf States and tropical America. ILLUSTRATION: Bosc, doc. cié. EXSICCATI: Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 505; Rav. Fungi Am. 6,; Roum. Fungi Sel. 4078. 58. NIGROPORUS Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 361. 1905. Hymenium annual, epixylous, dimidiate-sessile to flabelliform, glabrous: context dark-brown, firm, homogeneous; tubes short, slender, thin-walled, black: spores smooth, hyaline. Type species, Polyporus vinosus Berk. 1. Nigroporus vinosus (Berk.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 361. 1905. Polyporus vinosus Berk, Ann, Mag. Nat. Hist. 11.9: 195. 1852. Pileus thin, dimidiate to reniform, imbricate, narrowly attached by a scutate disc or laterally connate and broadly decurrent, 1-3 x 3-6 X 0.1-0.3 cm.; surface zonate, finely velvety to glabrous, obscurely vinous-brown ; margin yellowish when young, thin, undu- late, often inflexed on drying: context rigid, tough, honiogeneous, chestnut-colored, 1-2 mm. thick; tubes minute, short, scarcely a mm. in length, smoky-black, mouths regular, angular, 7-9'to amm., edges thin, entire, vinous-brown, pruinose when young, blackish with age: spores allantoid, smooth, hyaline, 3-4 X1-1.54; hyphae 2.5-3.5 z. TYPE LOCALITY : Santo Domingo. HABITAT: Decaying wood. DISTRIBUTION : Georgia; Cuba; Santo Domingo. 59. CYCLOPORELLUS Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 34: 468. 1907. Hymenophore annual, tough, epixylous, sessile, anoderm, zonate: context thin, fibrous- brown; tubes short, thin-walled, mouths polygonal, becoming concentrically elongate in some species by the splitting of the radial walls: spores ovoid, smooth, pale-ferru- ginous. Type species, Polyporus todinus Mont. 1. Cycloporellus iodinus (Mont.) Murrill. Polyporus rodinus Mont. Ann. Sci. Nat. II. 16: 108. 1841. Cyclomyces iodinus Duss, Enum. Champ. Guad. 33. 1903. Cyclomycetella pavonia Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 423, in part. 1904. Pileus conchate, thin, umbonate-sessile, simple or imbricate, often radially-plicate, 2-4 X 3-5 X 0.1-0.2 cm.; surface densely concentrically zonate, velvety, tawny-chestnut ; margin thin, entire, ferruginous, deflexed in drying: context thin, fibrous, leathery, slightly flexible, fulvous; hymenium fuliginous, tubes 1 mm. or less in length, 3-7 toa mm., isabelline within, polygonal and regular, often becoming concentrically confluent, edges thin, entire, often splitting with age: spores ovoid, smooth, pale-ferruginous, 3% 54; cystidia dark-brown, rather scanty, averaging 5 X 204. TYPE LOCALITY : Guiana. HasitaT: Dead wood of deciduous trees. DISTRIBUTION: Tropical America. ; Exsiccatr: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 7705. 86 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 60. INONOTUS Karst. Medd. Soc. Faun. Fl. Fenn. 5: 39. 1879. Inoderma Karst. Medd. Soc. Faun. Fl. Fenn. 5: 39, 1879. Not Jnoderma S. F. Gray 1821. Lnodermus Quél. Ench. Fung. 173. 1886. Phacoporus Schrét. Krypt. Fl. Schles. 3: 489. 1888. Hymenophore annual, epixylous, sessile, dimidiate, simple or somewhat imbricate, variable in size; surface usually anoderm, brown, hairy or glabrous: context brown, thin and fibrous to spongy or corky; hymenium concolorons, usually covered with whitish powder in youth, tubes small, thin-walled: spores smooth, light- to dark-brown. Type species, Zronotus cuticularis (Bull.) Karst. Sporophore large, 10-30 cm. or more broad. Surface conspicuously hirsute. Surface glabrous. Spores pale-brown. 2. i. dryadeus. Spores deep-brown. 3. L. dryophilus. Sporophore minute, only a few millimeters broad, erumpent from Jenticels. 4. 7. puszllus. Sporophore of medium size, about 5-10 cm. broad. Surface conspicuously hairy. : Pileus very thin, 1-2 mm. 5. L. pertenuts. Pileus quite thick, 7-20 mm. 6. L. fulvomelieus. Surface not conspicuously hairy. Spores deep-brown in color. 1. I. hirsulus. Context multizonate and iridescent. 7. I. texanus. Context neither zonate nor iridescent. Hymenium fuliginous or black. 8. Lpguniperinus, Hymenium fulvous. Surface glabrous ; tubes 1 cm. long. 9. I. jamaicensis. Surface tomentose ; tubes 5 mm. long. 10. I. perplexus. Spores faintly tinted with brown. Pores invisible to the unaided eye. Pileus thick, azonate, margin obtuse ; hymenium duil, 11. Z. corrosus. Pileus thin, zonate, margin very sharp ; hymenium glistening. 12. J. Wilsonti. Pores visible to the unaided eye, although sometimes small. Surface soft and spongy; sporopbores found on living shrubs, often encircling the twigs. Hymenium very concave, margin sharp and depressed. 13. Z. amplectens. Hymenium plane or nearly so, margin’rather blunt and not depressed. 14. L. fruticum. Surface hard and firm ; sporophores found on decaying trunks or roots. 15. /. radiatus. 1. Inonotus hirsutus (Scop.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 594. 1904. Boletus hirsutus Scop. Fl. Carn. ed. 2.2: 468. 1772. Boletus spongiosus Lightf. Fl. Scot. 1033. 1777. Boletus hispidus Bull. Herb. Fr. pi. 210. 1784. pi. 423. 1791. (Type from France.) Boletus flavus Pollini, Fl. Ver. 3: 607. 1824. (Type from Italy.) Polyporus hispidus Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 362. 1821. Polyporus endocrocinus Berk. Lond. Jour. Bot. 6: 320. 1847. (Type from Ohio.) Inonotus hispidus Karst. Medd. Soc. Faun. Fl. Fenn. 5: 39. 1879. Inodermus hispidus Quél. Ench. Fung. 172. 1886. Pileus thick, compact, fleshy to spongy, dimidiate, sometimes imbricate; compressed- ungulate, 7-10 10-15 3-5 cm.; surface hirsute, ferruginous to fulvous, azonate, smooth ; margin.obtuse, velvety: context spongy-corky, somewhat fragile when dry, ferruginous to fulvous, blackening with agé, 1-1.5 cm. thick ; tubes slender, about 1 cm. long, ferruginous within, mouths angular, 2-3 toa mm., ferruginous to bay, blackening with age, edges thin, very fragile, lacerate: spores broadly ovoid, smooth, thick-walled, deep-ferruginons, 2-gut- tulate, 5-6 7-8. . TYPE LOCALITY: Carniola. HaBiITaT: Living trunks of various deciduous trees. DISTRIBUTION: Northern United States ; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. Herb. Fr. doc. cit. ; Eas Engl. Fungi, pl. 345. ExsiccaTr: Roum. Fungi Sel. 2301, 6674, 7345; Krieger, Fungi Sax. 719 ; Thiim. i 914, 1502, Allesch. & Schn. Fungi Bavar. 525. ee is eS 2. Inonotus dryadeus (Fries) Murrill. Polyporus dryadeus Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 374. 1821. Sporophore of immense size, sessile, dimidiate, rarely circular, usually imbricate applanate or depressed above, convex below, fleshy to spongy-corky, rather fragile when Part 2, 1908] POLYPORACEAE 87 dry, 15-30 x 25-65 & 3-5 cm.; surface very uneven, azonate, opaque, hoary-isabelline, anoderm to very thinly encrusted, subshining and bay; margin thick, pallid, entire to undulate, weeping: context thick, zonate, subglistening, ferruginous-isabelline to fulvous, 2.5-4 cm. thick; tubes grayish-umbrinous- to fulvous within, 5-15 mm. long, slender, very fragile, mouths whitish when young, becoming somewhat resinous in ap- pearance and finally bay-brown, at first minute, circular, becoming angular, 4 toa mm., edges thin, fimbriate to lacerate, deeply splitting and separating with age: spores sub- globose, smooth, 8-10 X 7-84, the outer wall hyaline, the inner membrane brown ; cystidia 15-35 X 5-9 uz. TYPE LOCALITY : Sweden. HABITAT: Trunks of various species of oak. DISTRIBUTION: Eastern United States west to Kentucky ; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATION: Hussey, Ill. Brit. Fung. 1: pl. 26. ExsiccaTr: Roum. Fungi. Gall. 2903; Thiim. Myc. Univ. 4; Roum. Fungi Sel. 6536; Thiim. Fungi Austr. 712. 3. Inonotus dryophilus (Berk.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 597. 1904. Polyporus dryophilus Berk. Lond. Jour. Bot. 6: 321. 1847. Pileus thick, unequal, unguliform, subimbricate, rigid, 7-8 x 10-14 2-3 cm.; surface hoary-flavous to ferruginous-fulvous, becoming scabrous and bay with age; margin thick, usually obtuse, sterile, pallid, entire or undulate: context ferruginous to fulvous, zonate, shining, 3-10 mm. thick; tubes slender, concolorous with the context, about 1 cm. long, mouths regular, angular, 2-3 to a mm., glistening, whitish-isabelline to dark-fulvous, edges thin, entire to toothed : spores subglobose, smooth, deep-ferruginous, 6-7 #; cystidia scanty and short; hyphae deep-ferruginous. TYPE LOCALITY : Ohio. HapitaT: Living or dead oak trunks. . . . DISTRIBUTION: Pennsylvania, Virginia, Ohio, Missouri, and, Wisconsin. 4. Inonotus pusillus Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 599. 1904. Pileus sessile, convex, flabelliform, tapering to a narrow base, ¢rumpent from len- ticels, 2 2 0.5-1 mm.; surface ferruginous to fulvous, silky-striate, subzonate, shin- ing, margin pallid, acute, often depressed: context thin, fibrous, 'ferruginous; tubes umbrinous, comparatively large, 2-4 toa mm., polygonal, becoming irregular, much exceeding in length the thickness of the context, mouths at first whitish-pulverulent, dissepments thin, entire: spores small, ovoid, 3.5.54, pale-ferruginous, copious ; hyphae concolorous, TYPE LOCALITY: Manzanillo, Mexico. HasiTatT: Dead branches’of Jacguinia. . DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 5. Inonotus pertenuis Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus very thin, slightly flexible, fragile, sessile, densely imbricate, decurrent, later- ‘ally connate, conchate, 2-346 0.1-0.2 cm.; surface striate, hispid-squamulose, ano- derm, spuriously zoned, fulvous; margin very thin, lobed, fimbriate, sharply decurved in dried specimens: context fulvous, corky, 1 mm. or less thick ; tubes ferruginous to ful- yous, 1-1.5 mm. long, mouths circular to angular, minute, 5-6 to a mm’, edges thin, entire to lacerate, fragile, ferruginous to dark-fulvous: spores ovoid, smooth, pale-ferruginous, 5XK4 #. Type collected on El Yunque, Cuba, March, 1903, on much-decayed wood, L. M. Underwood & FOS. Earle 1071. ; DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 6. Inonotus fulvomelleus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus somewhat irregular, dimidiate to subcircular, compressed-ungulate, 3-5 5-10 1-3 cm.; surface uneven, ferruginous to fulvous, slightly spuriously zonate, roughly hir- 88 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUuME 9 sute or shaggy with dense branched fulvous hairs; margin usually thick, undulate, ochra- ceous-luteous, hispid: context radiate-fibrous, luteous, shining, 3-7 mm. thick ; tubes slender, 3-10 mm. long, dark-melleous within, mouths circular, 4-5 to a mm., regular, covered when young with a bright-yellow powder, edges thick, entire, flayous-mnelleous to melleous-fulvous : spores ovoid, thin-walled, pale-ferruginous, 6 X8#; hyphae concolorous ; spines dark reddish-brown, slender, conical, hooked at the tip, 10 # thick at the base, 60 pe or less in length. Type collected on Blue Mountain Peak, Jamaica, 1950-2200 meters, on dead wood, 1 HebHaey, 1903, L. M. Underwood 1522. DISTRIBUTION : Jamaica. 7. Inonotus texanus Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 597. 1904. Pileus ungulate, attached by the vertex, 3x5 X 2-4 cm.; surface hoary-isabelline to fuliginous, finely tomentose, concentrically and radially rimose, especially “with age, the separated areas imbricated ; margin thick to very obtuse, pallid: context corky, narrowly concentrically zonate, fulvous to umbrinous, iridescent, 1 cm. thick in young specimens, very thin in old ones ; tubes 1-3cm. long, 2-3 to a mm., fulvous to tawny-chestnut, mouths polygonal, pallid to fulvous, darker with age, edges thin, entire: spores ovoid, smooth, very dark-brown, 1-2-guttulate, 810 z. TYPE LOCALITY: Austin, Texas. Hasitat: Trunks of living mesquite trees. DISTRIBUTION: Texas. 8. Inonotus juniperinus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus firm, corky, sessile, narrowly attached, flabelliform, concave above, convex below, 6X 5X1 cm.; surface glabrous, somewhat rugose, subzonate near the margin, ful- vous-ferruginous, slightly marked with black; margin very thin, broadly sterile, glabrous, entire to somewhat eroded, fragile, pure-black in dried specimens: context fleshy-tough, fragile when dry, subshining, pale-ferruginous to umbrinous-fulvous, 5-7 mm. thick ; tubes short, very fragile, fulvous within, 1-2 mm. long, punctiform near the margin; mouths angular, 4 to a mm., glistening, chestnut-colored to black, edges thin, entire to fimbriate- dentate: spores globose, smooth, dark-brown, 3.5-5 4“; hyphae ferruginous, 3 x. Type collected in Texas, on buried roots of cedar, in 1900-1, W. H. Long Jr. 746. DISTRIBUTION : Texas. 9. Inonotus jamaicensis Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 597. 1904, Pileus dimidiate to triquetrous, convex, sessile, attached by a broad base, simple or imbricate , 23 1-1.5cm.; surface encrusted, minutely rugose, cinereous behind, marked toward the margin with dark-brown or black zones; margin regular, often obtuse: context fibrous, fulvous, only a few millimeters thick ; tubes 1 cm. long, 4 to a mm., larger by confluence, fulvous, polygonal to irregular, edges thin, entire: spores ovoid, smooth, deep- ferruginous, 1-2-guttulate, very copious, 5X7 p. TYPE LOCALITY: Mabess River, Jamaica. HasitaT: Dead branches. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 10. Inonotus perplexus (Peck) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 596. 1904, Polyporus perplexus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 49: 19. 1896. Pileus spongy-fleshy, fibrous, sessile, dimidiate to flabelliform, often filed attached- usually imbricate, somewhat laterally connate, 4-6 x 5-10 * 0.5-1 em:: surface hairy- tomentose to setose-hispid, grayish-tawny to ferruginous, azonate, Renn anoderm, becoming somewhat glabrous and subzonate with age; margin acute, sterile, pallid, entire: context tawny-ferruginous, subzonate, 2-3 mm. thick; tubes 3-5 mm, long, brownish-ferruginous within, mouths angular to irregular, 34 ss a mm., edges acute, Part 2, 1908] POLYPORACEAE 89 fimbriate to lacerate, hoary to dark-fulvous: spores broadly ellipsoid, smooth, deep- ferruginous, 5-7 X 4-5.5; hyphae 2-6 pz. TYPE LOCALITY: New York. . HABITAT: Dead trunks or decayed spots in living trunks of beech, maple and other deciduous trees. DISTRIBUTION : Maine to Alabama and west to Missouri. ExsiccaT1: Shear, N. Y. Fungi 720. 11. Inonotus corrosus Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 598. 1904. Pileus conchate, clasping, simple or imbricate, 3 5 1-4 cm.; surface ferruginous to fulvous, furrowed and much corroded in age; margin entire, obtuse, tomentose, honey- yellow: context thick, spongy, fibrous, ferruginous, perforated by insects soon after ma- turity ; tubes very short, only 1 mm. long each season, 8 to a mm., fulvous, subcylindrical, edges entire, obtuse to acute: spores lenticular, smooth, pale-ferruginous, 4 in diameter, 14 thick; hyphae deep-ferruginous. TYPE LOCALITY: Hope Gardens, Jamaica. HasitaT: Decayed vines and trunks. . DISTRIBUTION : Southern Florida; Bahamas; Cuba; Jamaica. 12. Inonotus Wilsonii Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 598. 1904. Pileus dimidiate, applanate, sessile, 2-3 4-6>0.5 cm.; surface anoderm, velvety- tomentose, fulvous, marked with a few shallow concentric furrows; margin thin, entire, concolorous, sulcate, deflexed in drying: context soft, punky, homogeneous, ferruginous- fulvous, 1-3 mm. thick, separated from the tubes by a very thin black layer; hymenium ferruginous, glistening; tubes 1-2 mm. long, 6-9 to a mm., isabelline within, mouths polygonal, regular, edges thin, entire: spores lenticular, smooth, pale-ferruginous, 3-4 ¢ in diameter, 1-1.5 # thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Honduras. HABITAT: Decaying logs. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 13: Inonotus amplectens Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 600. 1904. Pileus hemispherical, clasping, concave beneath, 1-3 cm. in diameter, 1-2 cm. thick ; surface soft, velvety, dark yellowish-orange; margin at first obtuse, entire, straw-colored, becoming thin, undulate or toothed, deflexed and concolorous: context soft, spongy- fibrous, ferruginous; hymenium at first honey-yellow, becoming umbrinous; tubes 24 mm. long, 2-4 toa mm., larger by confluence, umbrinous within, mouths at first closed by a yellowish membrane, subcircular, regular, entire, becoming large, irregular, coarsely toothed and concentrically split into irpiciform plates: spores ellipsoidal, smooth, hyaline, 1~2-guttulate, 4X 6p. TYPE LOCALITY : Ocmulgee River, Georgia. HasitaT: Living twigs of Asimina. . DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 14. Inonotus fruticum (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 601. 1904. Polyporus fruticum Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 310. 1868. Pileus soft, spongy, thin, dimidiate or vertically attached, 1-2.5 cm. broad, 2-5 mm. thick ; surface spongy-tomentose, azonate, flavous to fulvous; margin thin and undulate, becoming blackish when bruised: context flavous to ferruginous, spongy, 1-3 mm. thick, with a very thin, firm darker layer next to the tubes; tubes short, ferruginous to fulvous, about 1 mm. long, mouths angular to irregular, 3 toa mm., edges thin, toothed, ferru- ginous to fuliginous, hoary when young: spores subglobose, smooth, pale-ferruginous, 3-4 fw. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. Hasitat: Small living branches of orange and oleander. DISTRIBUTION : Cuba. 90 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 15. Inonotus radiatus (Sow.) Karst. Rev. Myc. 3°: 19. 1881. Boletus radiatus Sow. Engl. Fungi pl. 196. 1799. Polyporus radiatus Fries, Syst. Myc. 1. 369. 1821. Polyporus cucullatus Berk. & Curt. Grevillea 1: 51, 1872. (Type from New England.) Polyporus glomeratus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 24: 78. 1873. (Type from New York.) Polyporus aureo-nitens Pat. & Peck; Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 42: 25. 1889. (Type from New York.) Poria seligera Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 51: 293. 1898. (Type from New York.) Pileus corky to woody, imbricate, confluent, sessile, umbonate behind, especially when young, 3-5 X 6-9 X 0.5-1 cm.; surface radiate-rugose to very uneven, minutely velvety to glabrous, fulvous to ferruginous-fuscous or almost black behind; margin thin, pallid, undulate to lobed: context subzonate, ferruginous to dark-fulvous, 1-3 mm. thick ; tubes slender, grayish-umbrinous to fulvous, about 5 mm. long, mouths angular, somewhat irregular, 3-5 to a mm., edges whitish at first, becoming dark-fulvous with age, glis- tening, thin, fimbriate to lacerate: spores ellipsoid, Iuteolous, 4-6 X 3-4 u; hyphae 2.5-3 fe. TYPE LOCALITY : Sussex, England. HapitTaT: Decayed alder, hazelnut, birch, and other deciduous trees. DISTRIBUTION : Canada and the northeastern United States ; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATION: Sow. Engl. Fungi loc. czt. . Exsiccati: Krieger? Fungi Sax. #22; Rab.-Wint. Fungi Eur. 509; Roum. Fungi Sel. 2402 ; Sydow, Myc. Mar. 1604, 4609, 3424; Thiim. Myc. Univ. 2110. 61. PHAEOLUS Pat. Tax. Hymén. 86. 1900. Romellia Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 338. 1904. * Hymenophore large, irregular, annual, spongy to corky, epixylous ; stipe simple, variously attached, wanting at times; surface of pileus anoderm, hispid: context ferru- ginous; tubes irregular, thin-walled: spores ellipsoidal, smooth, hyaline; cystidia none. Type species, Phaecolus Schweinitzit (Fries) Pat. 1. Phaeolus sistotremoides (Alb. & Schw.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 363. 1905. Boletus sistotremoides Alb. & Schw. Consp. Fung. 243. 1805. Polyporus Schweinitzii Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 351. 1821. Daedalea epigaeca Lenz, Schwamme 62. 1831. Polyporus tabulaeformis Berk. Lond. Jour, Bot. 4: 302. 1845. (Type from Georgia.) Polyporus spectabilis Fries, Nov. Symb. 48, 1851. (Type from North Carolina.) Polyporus hispidoides Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 33: 21. 1880. (Type from New York.) Polystictus Schweintizti Karst. Rev. Myc. 39: 18. 1881. Cladomeris Schweiniizit Quél. Ench. Fung. 169. 1886. ? Polyporus Spongia Fries, Monogr. Hymen. Suec. 2: 268. 1863.— Fries, Ic. Hymen. pl. 180, f. 2. ~—Lucand, Champ. Fr. p/. 172. Pileus spongy, circular, varying to dimidiate or irregular, 15-20 cm. broad, 0.5-2 em. thick ; surface setose-hispid to strigose-tomentose and scrupose in zones, ochraceous-fer- ruginous to fulvous-castaneous or darker, quite uneven, somewhat sulcate, obscurely zonate; margin yellow, rather thick, sterile: context very soft and spongy, fragile when dry, sometimes indurate with age, flavous-ferruginous to fulvous, 0.3-0.7 (mm. thick; tubes short, 2-5 mm. long, flavous within, mouths large, irregular, averaging 1 mm. in diameter, edges thin, becoming lacerate, ochraceous-olivaceous to fuliginous, rose-tinted when young and fresh, quickly changing to dark-red when bruised: spores ovoid, hyaline, 7-8 X 3-42: stipe central to lateral or obsolete, very irregular, tubercular or very short, reseinbling the pileus in surface and substance. TYPE LOCALITY: Europe. HaBitaT: Trunks, stumps and roots of various coniferous trees. DISTRIBUTION : North America; also in Europe and Asia. ILLUSTRATION: Fries, Ic. Hymen. p/. 179, f. 3. EXSICCATI: Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 7207; Thiim. Fungi Austr. 7208; i 6773; Thiim. Myc. Univ. 2107. Beran ones eee nee Part 2, 1908] POLYPORACEAE 91 62. COLTRICIELLA Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 348. 1904. Hymenophore small, annual, tough, epixylous; stipe attached to the vertex of the pileus ; surface of the pileus anoderm, zonate: context spongy, fibrous, ferruginous; tubes angular, one-layered, dissepiments thin: spores ellipsoidal, smooth, ferruginous. Type species, Polyporus dependens Berk. & Curt. 1. Coltriciella dependens (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 348. 1904. Polyporus dependens Berk. & Curt. Ann. Nat. Hist. II, 12: 431. 1853.—Grevillea 1: 37, 1872. Polysticius dependens Sacc. Syl. Fung. 6: 213. 1888. Hymenophore gregarious or cespitose ; pileus very small, conical, pendant, vertically attached, 1-2 cm. broad, about 1 cm. thick; surface cinnamon-colored, soft, elongate- striate, sericeous, subzonate; margin acute, fibrillose: context spongy, very thin, ferru- ginous-fulvous, 1-2 mm. thick; tubes long, 5-8 mm., fulvous, mouths large, angular, 1-2 to a mm., smaller near the margin, edges thin, toothed, yellowish to fulvous: spores ellipsoidal, smooth, ferruginous, 7-8 X 3.54: stipe central, attached at the vertex, cylindrical, gradually enlarging as it approaches the pileus, about 1 cm. long, 1-3 mm. thick, resembling the pileus in surface and substance. TYPE LocALITY : South Carolina. HasitatT: Decorticated pine wood. DISTRIBUTION : New Jersey, North Carolina, and South Carolina. 63. COLTRICIA (Micheli) S. F. Gray, Nat. Arr: Brit. Pl. 1: 644. 1821. Strilia $. F. Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 1: 645. 1821. Pelloporus Quél. Ench. Fung. 166. 1886. Mucronoporus Ellis & Ev. Jour. Myc. 5: 28. p2.8. 1889. Onnia Karst. Finl. Basidsv. 326. 1889. AXanthochrous Pat. Cat. Tun. 51. 1897. Hymenophore annual, terrestrial or humus-loving, simple, small to medium, usually circular and central-stemmed ; surface anoderm, brown, zonate or azonate : context yellow- ish or brown, coriaceous to spongy; hymenium concolorous, covered with yellowish or whitish powder when young; tubes thin-walled, at length fimbriate: spores smooth, rounded, yellowish-brown ; cystidia rarely present. Type species, Coltricia connata S. F. Gray. Pileus concentrically zonate ; context very thin. Pileus regularl circular in outline, Pileus shining-cinnamon, strigose, striate, thin, flexible, slightly de- pressed, the margin often fimbriate or pseudo- ciliate, 1. C. cinnamomea, Pileus dull rusty-ciunamon to hoary, velvety to glabrous, deeply depressed, the margin thicker and less fimbriate. Tubes small, 0.5 mm. or less in diameter. 2. C. perennis. Tubes large, 1mm. in diameter. 3. C. focicola. Pileus irregular and variable in outline, dimidiate, reniform or spatulate, or separated into several lobes; confined to the tropics. 4, C. spathulata, Pileus usually azonate ; context rather thick and spongy. Context duplex, soft above and woody below ; hymenium beset with spines. 5. C. tomentosa. Context homogeneous ; hymenium free from spines. Pileus ferruginous to fulvous, 5 cm. in diameter ; surface finely tomen- tose ; stipe swollen and soft at the base. 6. C. obesa. Pileus darker, fulvous to chocolate-colored, 10 cm. in diameter ; surface rough and shaggy ; stipe scutate and firm at the base. 7. C. Memmuingeri. 1. Coltricia cinnamomea (Jacq.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 343. 1904. Boletus cinnamomeus Jacq. Coll. 1: 116. 1786. Strilia cinnamomea S. F. Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 1: 645. 1821. Polyporus parvulus Klotzsch, Linnaea 8: 483, 1833. (Type from boreal North America.) Not P. parvulus Schw. 1832. Polyporus oblectans Berk. Lond. Jour. Bot. 4: 51. 1845. ,(Type from Australia.) 92 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 9 Polyporus splendens Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 26: 68. 1874. (Type from New York.) Dibba Gees ae Rep o state Mus. 33: 37. 1880. (Type from New York.) Pileus coriaceous, thin, circular, umbilicate, sometimes deeply so, 1-4 cm. in diameter, 1-2 mm. thick; surface bright-cinnamon, cinereous, shining, strigose-striate, zonate ; margin undulate to slightly lobed, fimbriate, concolorous: context membranous, concolorous, less than a mm, thick; tubes pale-umbrinous within, 1-2 mm. long, slightly decurrent, mouths rather large, angular, ferruginous to fulvous, 2-3 to a mm., edges thin, fimbriate- dentate, collapsing with age: spores ellipsoid, pale yellowish-brown, smooth, 6-8 X 4-64; hyphae 3-8 #: stipe central, velvety, reddish-fuscous, nearly equal, 2-4 em. Jong, 3-5 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Austria. Hasitat: Mossy soil or decayed wood almost reduced to humus. DISTRIBUTION : Cosmopolitan. ILLUSTRATIONS: Jacq. Coll. f/. 2; Atk. Stud. Am. Fungi /. 182. ExsIccaTI: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 1201. 2. Coltricia perennis (L.) Murrill, Jour. Myc. 9: 91. 1903. Boletus pevennis ¥,. Sp. Pl. 1177. 1753. Boletus coriaceus Scop. Fl. Carn. ed. 2. 2: 465. 1772. Boletus sublomentosus Bolt. Hist. Fung. 2: 87. pl. 87. 1788. Boletus confluens Schum. Enum. Pl. Saell. 2: 378. 1803. Polyporus perennis Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 350. 1821. Coltricia connaia 8. F. Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 1: 644. 1821. Polystictus perennis Karst. Rev. Myc. 39: 18. 1881. © Pelloporus perennis Quél. Ench. Fung. 166. 1886. Pileus coriaceous, circular, infundibuliform, 3-6 cm. broad, 1.5-3 mm. thick ; surface zonate, short-tomentose, substriate, ferruginous to cinereous, the zones sometimes glabrous and chestnut-colored; margin very thin, entire to lacerate, inflexed when dry: context very thin, concolorous, scarcely a mm. thick; tubes short, grayish-umbrinous within, 1-3 mm. long, mouths small, angular, 2-4 toa mm., whitish when young, becoming fulvous, edges thin, dentate to lacerate, soon collapsing: spores ovoid, smooth, pale yellowish- brown, 4-6 X 2-3.5: stipe bulbous and often united with that of neighboring plants at the base, tapering upward, velvety, ferruginous to fulvous, solid, corky, 3-5 cm. long, 2-5 mm. thick. TYPE Locality: Sweden. : HaxiraT: Dry exposed soil in woods, especially where fires have been kindled. DISTRIBUTION : Temperate regions of the northern hemisphere ; south in the United States to Virginia. . ILLUSTRATIONS: Sow. Engl. Fungi f/. 192; Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 28. EXSICCATI: Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 602; Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 1701; Karst. Finl. Fungi 717; Shear, N. Y. Fungi 29; Thiim. Myc. Univ. 2108 ; Krieger, Fungi Sax. 224; Sydow, Myc. Mar. 211; Rab. Fungi Eur. 2203; Romeil, Fungi Scand. 7/4, Linhart, Fungi Hung. 4/8. 3. Coltricia focicola (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Polyporus connatus Schw. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. II. 4: 154. 1832. Not Coliricia connata S. F. Gray, 1821. Polyporus focicola Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 305. 1868. Coltricta parvula Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 345, in part. 1904. Not Polyporus parvulus Kotzsch. : Pilens membranaceous, circular, umbilicate, 3-6 cm. in diameter, 0.5-1 cm. thick; surface velvety, cinnamon to cinereous, multizonate; margin thin, entire or undulate: context very thin, ferruginous to fulvous, scarcely 1 mm. in thickness; tubes long, ample, ferruginous to fulvous within, 5-8 mm. long, mouths 1-2 mm. in diameter, angular, ful- vous, edges thin, toothed, becoming lacerate and collapsed with age, causing the pores to appear much smaller than they really are: spores oblong-ellipsoid, smooth, pale yellowish- brown, abundant, 1-guttulate, 6X 3.5: stipe central, cylindrical, slightly enlarged at the base, velvety, ferruginous to fulvous, solid, corky, 2-3 cm. long, 3-5 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY : North Carolina. HaBitaT: Burnt soil in woods. DISTRIBUTION : Connecticut to Alabama. ExsiccaTi: Rav. Fungi Car. 1: 8; Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 305. Parr 2, 1908] POLYPORACEAK 93 ’ 4, Coltricia spathulata (Hook.) Murrill. Boletus spathulatus Hook. in Kunth, Syn. Pl. 1: (9). 1822. Polyporus multiformis Mont. Ann. Sci. Nat. IV.1: 125. 1854. (Type from Guiana.) Pileus small, coriaceous, multiform, varying from dimidiate to reniform or spatulate, or separated into several distinct lobes, 0.5-1.5 & 1-2. 5 0.10.2 cm.; surface narrowly zonate, silky, rarely depressed, flavous to ferruginous- -fulvous with igeuet or chestnut-colored zones ; margin flavous, very thin, undulate to lobed : context membranous, very ‘thin, flavous, with a black line near the surface, scarcely a mm. thick; tubes very short, exceedingly minute, not decurrent, less than 1 mm. long, mouths angular, stuffed when young, flavous to umbrinous, about 10 to a mm., edges thin, subentire: spores smooth, yellowish- brown: stipe lateral, excentric or erect, irregular, often branched, velvety, solid, tough, ferruginous to fulvous, 2-5 cm. long, 2-4 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Near Lochsa, Peru. HasitaT: On the ground or on dead wood in woods. DISTRIBUTION: Mexico; Honduras; Bahamas; also in Peru, Guiana, and Brazil. EXSICCATI: Ule, Myc. Bras. 45. 5. Coltricia tomentosa (Fries) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 346. 1904. Polyporus tomentosus Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 351. 1821. Polyporus triqueter Fries, Epicr. Myc. 474. 1838. (Type from Sweden.) Polyporus circinatus Fries, Monogr. Hymen. Suec. 2: 268. 1863. (Type from Sweden.) Polyporus dualis Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 30: 44. 1878. (Type from New York.) Pelloporus tomentosus Quél. Ench. Fung. 166. 1886. Mucronoporus tomentosus Ellis & Ev. Jour. Myc. 5: 28. 1889. Onnia tomentosa Karst, Finl. Basidsv. 326. 1889. Xanthochrous tomentosus Pat. Cat. Tun. 52. 1897. Pileus circular, varying to dimidiate, sometimes cespitose, 6-12 cm. in diameter, 3-5 mm. thick ; surface ferruginous-fulvous, azonate, rarely subzonate, tomentose, plane or depressed at the center; margin lighter in color, sterile, acute, entire to lobed: context duplex, soft- corky, concolorous and spongy above, corky-woody, fibrous and flavous-ferruginous below, 2-4 mm. thick i tubes sometimes decurrent, ~bout 1 mm. long, avellaneous within, mouths small, equal, angular, 3-5 to amm., covered at first with a whitish substance, edges white, entire, becoming grayish-umbrinous, very thin and toothed with age: spores ellipsoid, smooth, thin-walled, pale yellowish-brown, 5-7 2-4; spines abundant, more or less curved, ovate- lanceolate at first, becoming more slender, fulvous-brown, 50-75 6-151; hyphae stramineous-fulvous, 2.5-5 #: stipe central to lateral or wanting, unequal, obese, fulvous, tomentose, resembling the context within, 0-5 cm. long, 5-15 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY : Sweden. HaBITAT: Under coniferous trees, usually attached to coniferous wood. DISTRIBUTION: North America ; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Jour. Myc. 5: OL. 8; Fries, Ic. Hymen. p/. 180, 187. ExsiceaTi: Allesch. & Schn. Fungi “Bavar. 51. 6. Coltricia obesa (Ellis & Ev.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 346. 1904. Polystictus obesus Ellis & Ev. Bull. Torrey Club 24: 125. 1897. Hymenophore simple or cespitose, sometimes connate; pileus circular, convex to depressed, 4-6 cm. broad, 5-10 mm. thick ; surface fulvous, tomentose, azonate, smooth or pelliculose ; margin yellowish-cinnamon, obtuse, becoming acute, entire or undulate: context homogeneous, soft, friable, fulvous, 4-8 mm. thick; tubes short, about 1 mm. in length, pale-avellaneous within, mouths irregular, circular to radially-elongate and slightly sinuous, 0.5-1 mm. broad, edges becoming acute and slightly toothed, white to fulvous: spores ellipsoid, smooth, ferruginous, 7-8'X4-5; cystidia none: stipe central, spongy, tomentose, fulvous, 4-6 cm. long, 5-15 mm. thick above, enlarged below, 1-3 cm. in thickness. TYPE LOCALITY: Newfield, New Jersey. HasitTaT: Attached to buried pine branches. DISTRIBUTION: Canada to North Carolina and west to Ohio. 94 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VOLUME 9 7. Coltricia Memmingeri Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 347. 1904. A large dark-brown plant, with rough shaggy surface and short thick stipe, much dilated at the base. Pileus very irregular, circular to dimidiate, convex to plane or de- pressed, 10 X1cm.; surface fulvous to dark seal-brown, ornamented with long imbricated scales of the same color; margin alutaceous, pubescent, sterile, subacute, undulate: context corky, fragile, azonate, 0.5-1 cm. thick, thinner towards the margin, concolorous ; tubes adnate, 1-4 mm. long, 1-3 to a mm., umbrinous, apparently blackening with age, mouths circular and whitish when young, becoming angular, irregular and concolorous or ‘darker with age, edges entire to dentate: spores ovoid, smooth, light-ferruginous, usually 2-gut- tulate, 4X 74; hyphae golden-yellow ; cystidia none: stipe central or excentric, at times confluent, very short, thick, angular or flattened, dilated at the base to twice its thick- ness above, resembling the pileus in color, surface and substance, 1-3 & 3-5 cm. TYPE LOCALITY: Flat Rock, North Carolina. HABITAT: Wet clay banks. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. DOUBTFUL SPECIES’ Polyporus simillimus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 32: 34. 1879. Described from Brewerton, New York, on burnt soil where C. focicola grew; which species it very closely resembles in every respect except that its tubes are much smaller. Additional field studies should determine whether or not it is distinct. 64. CRYPTOPORUS (Peck) Shear, Bull. Torrey Club 29: 450. 1902. Polyporus § Cryploporus Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 7: 104. 1880. *. Hymenophore subglobose, sessile, epixylous; surface smooth, encrusted: context white, corky ; tubes white, concealed at first by a volva, which breaks at one or more points at maturity ; mouths constricted, discolored : spores smooth, hyaline. Type species, Polyporus volvatus Peck. 1. Cryptoporus volvatus (Peck) Shear, Bull. Torrey Club 29: 450. 1902. Polyporus volvatus Pegk, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 27: 98. 1877. Polyporus obvolutus Berk. & Cooke, Grevillea 7:1. 1878. (Type from California.) Polyporus inflaius Hillis & Martindale, Am. Nat. 18: 722. 1884. (Type from Oregon.) Polyporus volvatus Helix P..Henn. Hedwigia 37: 273. 1898. (Type from California.) Pileus simple, sessile, rarely spuriously stipitate, globose to ungulate, 2-6 cm. broad, 1.5-3 cm. thick; surface white, sometimes slightly reddish-brown, smooth, slightly viscid or resinous when young, glabrous, marked with anastomosing depressed lines in larger specimens; margin very rounded, concolorous, smooth, produced into a volva covering the tubes, at length rupturing at 1-3 points forming small rounded or irregular apertures: con- text soft-corky, homogeneous, white, 2-5 mm. thick; tubes 1-1.5 mm. long, isabelline to umbrinous, mouths’ angular, yellow with a tinge of cinnamon, 3 to a mm, edges thick, becoming thin, entire: spores oblong, smooth, hyaline or pale flesh-colored, 11-13 4-5 pb. TYPE LOCALITY: New York, on Abies nigra, HagzitTaT: On dead coniferous wood. DISTRIBUTION : Canada to Virginia and west to British Columbia and California ; alsoin Japan. ILLUSTRATION: Peck, loc. cit. pl. 2, fi 3-6. ExsiccaTI: Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 307. 65. FOMES Gill. Champ. Fr. 1: 682. 1878. Fomitopsts Karst, Rev. Myc. 39: 18. 1881. Heterobasidion Bref. Unters. Gesammt. Myk. 8: 154. 1889. Not Heterobasidium Massee 1888. Hymenophore sessile, ungulate or applanate, epixylous; surface anoderm or en- crusted, sulcate, rarely zonate: context white, wood-colored, or flesh-colored corky or Par? 2, 1908] POLYPORACEAE 95 woody, rarely punky; tubes cylindrical, usually thick-walled, stratose: spores smooth, hyaline or subhyaline. : Type species, Polyporus marginatus Fries. Context flesh-colored ; light-brown in faded specimens. Tubes 1-2 mm. long each season ; spores ellipsoid. 1. &. roseus, Tubes 3-5 mm. long each season ; spores globose. Species confined to tropical regions. Species confined to temperate regions. Context white or nearly so. Pileus less than 3 cm. broad. Pileus ungulate, becoming black only at the base, zonate and concen- trically sulcate in age ; tubes over 2 mm. Jong. Pileus scutellate, uniformly black even when young ; tubes less than 2 mm. long, context thinner than tube-layer. Pileus more than 3 cm. broad. Pileus encrusted, surface darker than the context. Surface pure-black or nearly so at maturity, with no trace of red; species tropical. Context punky ; crust thin and fading with age. Context woody ; crust thick, horny and shining with age. Surface gray, brown or reddish, rarely becoming black with age; species found in temperate regions. Pileus thin, distinctly zonate, irregular or applanate; crust brown to black. 8. F. annosus. Pileus thick, sulcate, ungulate, rarely applanate. Surface soon becoming rimose, deeply sulcate ; older pores visible in the upper projecting annual layers ; pileus exactly ungulate ; found only on Shepherdia. 9. F. Ellisianus. Surface not as above. Mouths of tubes 4-5 to a mm.; surface often resinous, bay or black in color; abundant on conifers. 10. F. ungulatus. Mouths of tubes 2-3 toamm.; surface gray to black, never resinous nor reddish ; found only on ash anda few other deciduous trees. ll. &. fraxinophilus. Pileus rarely encrusted, surface concolorous with the context. Pileus chalk-white or slightly yellowish throughout, cylindrical, context friable, bitter; growing on conifers. 12. #. Laricts. Pileus not as above. Pores large, 2 to a mm., becoming reddish when bruised, annual strata separated by thick layers of context; tropical. 13. F. rubrilinctus,: Pores small, 5-7 to a mm., not changing to reddish when F. Sagraeanus, iF. fraxineus. wh > . £, ohiensis, om F. scuiellatus. f, subferreus. . £&. ligneus. NO bruised. Tubes white, concolorous, the mouths glistening. 14. F. populinus. Tubes smoky at maturity, darker than the context, not over 3 mun. long. 15. F. Meliae. g : Tubes light-brown, strongly contrasted with the white or yel-* lowish context, and a cm. or more in length. Surface zonate. | 16. F. Auberianus. Surface azonate. 17. F. geotropus. 1. Fomes roseus (Alb. & Schw.) Cooke, Grevillea 14: 21. 1885. Boletus roseus Alb. & Schw. Consp. Fung. 251. 1805. Polyporus voseus Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 372. 1821. Polyporus carneus Nees, Nova Acta Acad. Leop.-Carol.13: p/. 3. 1827. Polyporus rufo-pallidus Trog, Flora 15: 556. 1832. Fomitopsis rosea Karst. Rev. Myc. 3%: 18. 1881. Fontes carneus Cooke, Grevillea 14: 21. 1885. Pileus woody, dimidiate, varying from conchate to ungulate, often imbricate and longi- tudinally effused, 2-4 5-10 X 0.5-2 cm.; surface anoderm, velvety, azonate, avellaneous, subsulcate, becoming glabrous, brown or black, and horny-encrusted with age; margin thin? concolorous: con- text corky, flesh-colored or light-brown, 1-3 mm. thick; tubes indistinctly stratified, pale rose-colored, 3-5 mm. long each season, often found in one layer only, mouths circular, 5toamm., edges obtuse, entire, roseous, becoming discolored with age : spores globose, smooth, subhyaline or slightly smoky, 6 #; hyphae 6-8 v. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. HaBiTaT: Dead logs and stumps. DISTRIBUTION: Southern Florida; Bermuda; Cuba; also in Colombia. ILLUSTRATION : Mont. Pl. Cell. Cuba p/. 16, f. 4. 3. Fomes fraxineus (Bull.} Cooke, Grevillea 14: 21. 1885. Boletus fraxineus Bull. Herb. Fr. 10: pl. 423. f. 2. 1789. Polyporus fraxineus Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 374. 1821. Placodes incanus Quél. Ench. Fung. 172. 1886. Pileus corky to woody, dimidiate, applanate, usually imbricate, often laterally confluent, thinner in American forms, 4-10 K 6-15 X 1-6 cm.; surface velvety to glabrous, zonate at times, concentrically sulcate with age, at first white owing to a covering of fine waxy hairs, becoming bay and finally nearly black with age; margin thin or tumid, sterile, cream- colored, pulverulent with reddish blotches, becoming dark and hygrophanous when bruised : context punky, becoming corky, isabelline, tinged with carneous when fresh, 0.5-5 cm. thick ; tubes indistinctly stratified, 0.5-1 cm. long each season, isabelline when old, reddish flesh-colored in the younger layers, mouths subcircular, 4 to a mm., edges obtuse, entire, light flesh-colored, covered at first with a white waxy coat, quickly changing to a darker color when bruised : spores subglobose, smooth, subhyaline, 5-6 X 6-7 mu. TYPE LOCALITY: France. Hasitat: Trunks and stumps of sweet gum, ash, peach, and other deciduous trees. DISTRIBUTION : New York, Ohio, Illinois, and Louisiana; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATION: Bull. Herb. Fr. /oc. c7t. ExsiccaTi: Thiim. Myc. Univ. 806; Arcang. Erb. Crit. Ital. II. 1452. 4. Fomes ohiensis (Berk.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 30: 230. 1903. Trametes ohiensis Berk. Grevillea 1: 66. 1872. Pileus woody, ungulate, narrow and sometimes decurrent behind, often laterally con- nate, 0.5-1.5 X 1-2 <0.3-1 cm.; surface minutely velvety to glabrous, zonate, light-brown, becoming black at the base, and concentrically sulcate with age ; margin obtuse, pallid, often undulate: context corky, pallid, indistinctly zonate, 2-5 mm. thick; tubes distinctly stratified, 3-6 mm. long each season, nearly white within, mouths circular, 3 to a mm., edges obtuse, chalky-white, becoming cremeous: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 5 #; conidia ovoid, smooth, hyaline, 7-8 12-13 » ; hyphae hyaline, 2-4 p; cystidia none. TYPE LOCALITY: Ohio. HasitaT: Dead branches and structural timber of deciduous trees. DISTRIBUTION: Eastern Canada to Michigan and south as far as Ohio. ExsIccaTI: Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 927. 5. Fomes scutellatus (Schw.) Cooke, Grevillea 14: 19. 1885. Polyporus scutellatus Schw. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. II. 4: 157, 1832. Pileus woody, dimidiate or scutellate, concave below, 0.5-0.7 X1-1.5 X0.3-0.5 em.; surface rugose, tuberculose, zonate, fuscous-black ; margin acute, deflexed, pallid to light- brown: context woody, indistinctly zonate, isabelline, 2-3 mm. thick; tubes indistinctly stratified, 1-1.5 mm. long each season, isabelline within, mouths subcircular to rlhomboidal, Part 2, 1908] POLYPORACEAE 97 4 to a mm., edges rather thin, obtuse, entire, chalk-white, becoming avellaneous: spores smooth, hyaline. TYPE LOCALITY: Pennsylvania, on dead Syringa. Hapitat: Dead branches and timber of alder, witch hazel, sweet gum and other deciduous shrubs and trees. DISTRIBUTION : Canada to Florida and west to Ohio. EXSICCATI: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 1597. 6. Fomes subferreus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus corky to woody, conchate or applanate, imbricate, usually longitudinally effused, 3-9 X 5-15 K 1-2 cm.; surface velvety, rugose-striate, slightly sulcate, black, with traces of purple, becoming glabrous and gray with age; margin subobtuse, pallid, marked with purplish-black blotches: context punky, isabelline, 0.5-1 cm. thick ; tubes unevenly strati- fied, 2-3 mm. long each season, glistening white, discolored in the older layers, mouths circular, 5 to a mm., edges obtuse, glistening, milk-white to avellaneous or isabelline: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 3u; hyphae hyaline, 4; cystidia none. Type collected at Herradura, Cuba, March 7, 1905, on a decayed deciduous log in low woods, F.S. Earle & WA, Murrill 148. : DISTRIBUTION: Cuba; Honduras; Costa Rica. 7. Fomes ligneus (Berk.) Cooke, Grevillea 13: 119. 1884. Polyporus ligneus Berk. Ann. Nat. Hist. 3: 387. 1839. ? Fomes hornodermus Mont. Ann. Sci. Nat. IV. 5: 368. 1856. (Type from Brazil.) Fomes sulcatus Cooke, Grevillea 12: 32. 1883. (Type from Demerara, British Guiana.) Pileus very hard, applanate or ungulate, 5-10 K 13-15 X 4-8 cm.; surface smooth, sul- cate, dark-brown or black, becoming horny-encrusted and shining with age; margin obtuse, pallid: context hard and woody, white to pale-umbrinous, 0.5-1 cm. thick, extremely scanty in old specimens ; tubes evenly stratified, 3-5 mm. long each season, white, mouths minute, circular, 3~4 to a mm., edges obtuse, white or slightly avellaneous: spores subglobose or ovoid, smooth, hyaline, 67; hyphae 64; cystidia none. TYPE LOCALITY: The island of St. Vincent. HABITAT: Dead wood. DISTRIBUTION: Nicaragua; Costa Rica; St. Kitts; St. Vincent; Grenada; also in South America. 8. Fomes annosus (Fries) Cooke, Grevillea 14: 20. 1885. Polyporus annosus Fries, Syst. Myce. 1: 373. 1821. Polyporus serpentarius Pers. Myc. Eur. 2: 82. 1825. Polyporus subpileatus Weinm. F1. Ross. 332. 1836. Polyporus resinosus Rostk.; Sturm, Deuts. Fl. 4: 61. 1838. Trametes radiciperda R. Hartig, Wicht. Krankh. Waldb. 62. 1874. Fomitopsis annosa Karst. Rev. Myc. 3%: 18. 1881. Polyporus Gillotii Roum.; Gillot, Rev. Myc. 4: 234. pl. 32. 1882. Heterobasidion annosum Bref, Unters. Gesammt. Myk. 8: 154. 1889. Polyporus trregularis Underw. Bull. Torrey Club 24: 85. 1897. (Type from Auburn, Ala- bama.) Pileus woody, dimidiate, very irregular, conchate to applanate, 10-13 X 5-8 X 0.5-2 cm.; surface at first velvety, rugose, anoderm, light-brown, becoming thinly encrusted, zonate, and finally black with age; margin pallid, acute, becoming thicker : context soft- corky to woody, white, 0.3-0.5 cm. thick; tubes unevenly stratified, 2-8 mm. long each season, white, mouths subcircular to irregular, 3-4 to a mm., edges rather thin, entire, frm, white, unchanging: spores subglobose or ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 5-6 X 4-Sp. TYPE LOCALITY: Sweden. HasitaT: Roots, lower parts of trunks, and stumps of various coniferous trees. DISTRIBUTION: North America; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Fries, Ic. Hymen. p/. 186. f. 2; Sturm, Deuts. Fl. /. 29; Bref. Unters. Gesammt. Myk. p/.9. ; ExsiccaT1: Roum. Fungi Gall. 2207, 3117; Roum. Fungi Sel. 302, 7248; Cavara, Funghi Paras. 324, Allesch. & Schn. Fungi Bavar. 137, #32; Kunze, Fungi Sel. 7; Krieger, Fungi Sax. 121; Romell, Fungi Scand. 1? ; Sydow, Myc. Mar. 403, 504, 1108, 3107 ; Rab. Fungi Eur. #05 ; Thum. Myc. Univ. 106. 98 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 9, Fomes Ellisianus F. W. Anderson, Bot. Gaz. 16: 113. 1891. Polyporus circumstans Morgan, Jour. Cine. Soc. Nat. Hist. 18: 37. 1895. (Type from South Dakota.) Pileus dimidiate, ungulate, woody, 4-7 « 6-8 & 2-5 cm.; surface radiate-rugose, sulcate, light-bay or brown, becoming rimose and darker with age; margin obtuse or rounded, pallid, fertile: context corky, pale-ochraceous, scanty, 0.5-1 cm. thick, becoming scanty in the older sporophores; tubes indistinctly stratified, concolorous with the context, fragile, 0.5-1.5 cm. long each season, mouths subcircular, 3 to a mm., edges rather thick, pruinose when young, becoming concolorous: spores ovoid to slightly oblong, smooth, hyaline, 4-5 X 5-6; hyphae 5, very light-brown; cystidia none. TYPE LOCALITY: Teton Valley, Montana. HaBitaT: Living trunks and branches of Shepherdia argentea Nutt. DISTRIBUTION : Montana, South Dakota, Colorado, and New Mexico. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bot. Gaz. 16: p/. 22: Jour. Cinc. Soc. Nat. Hist. 18: pl. 1, f. 4. Exsiccati: F. W. Anderson, Paras. Fung. Mont. 537. 10. Fomes ungulatus (Schaeff.) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 6: 167. 1888. ° Boletus wniarius Scop. Fl. Carn. ed. 2.2: 469. 1772. Not B.igniarius I, 1753. Boletus ungulatus Schaeff. Fung. Bavar. 4: 88. pi. 137, 138. 1774. Boletus fulvus Schaefl. Fung. Bavar. 4: 89. pl. 262. 1774. Boletus semiovatus Schaeff. Fung. Bavar. 4: 92. pl. 270. 1774. Boletus marginatus Pers. Obs. Myc. 2: 6. 1799. Boletus pinicola Sw. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Handl. 1810: 88. 1810. Polyporus marginatus Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 372. 1821. Polyporus pinicola Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 372. 1821. Fomes marginatus Gill. Champ. Fr. 1: 683. 1878. Fomttopsis pinicola Karst. Rev. Myc. 39: 18. 1881. Fomes pinicola Cooke, Greyillea 14: 17. 1885. Fomes ponderosus Schrenk, Bull. U. S. Dep. Agr. Pl. Ind. 36: 30. 1903. (Type from Dakota, on Pinus ponderosa.) Pileus corky to woody, ungulate, 8-15 12-40 X 6-10 cm.; surface glabrous, sulcate, reddish-brown to gray or black, often resinous; margin at first acute to tumid, pallid, becoming yellowish or reddish-chestnut: context woody, pallid, 0.5-1 em. thick; tubes distinctly stratified, 3-5 mm. long each season, white to isabelline, mouths circular, 3-5 to amm., edges obtuse, white to cream-colored: spores ovoid, smooth, hyaline, 64; hyphae 8; cystidia none. TYPE LOCALITY: Bavaria. Hasgirat: Abundant on coniferous trees, such as hemlock and pine, and found more rarely on deciduous trees, such as beech, elm, maple, and birch, standing near its usual hosts. DISTRIBUTION : Temperate regions. ILLUSTRATIONS: Schaeff. Fung. Bav. J. c.; Bull. U. S. Dep. Agr. Pl. Ind. 36: p/. 20-14. EXSICCATI: Rab.-Wint. Fungi Eur. 3307; Thiim. Fungi Austr. 874, 817, 1106 ; Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 1692; Thiim. Myc. Univ. 1906; Roum. Fungi Gall. 1808, 2205 ; Linhart, Fungi Hung. 250, 446; Romell, Fungi Scand. 1/6; Allesch. & Schn. Fungi Bavar. 138; D. Sacc. Myc. Ital. 214; Krieger, Fungi Sax. 27; Sydow, Myc. Mar. 1203; Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 2204. 11. Fomes fraxinophilus (Peck) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 6: 172. 1888. Polyporus fraxinophilus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y¥. State Mus. 35: 136. 1882. Pileus woody, subtriangular, compressed-ungulate, usually decurrent, 5-10 6-12 2-4cm.; surface white, pulverulent or finely tomentose, concentrically sulcate, becoming gray or black and rimose with age; margin tumid, white or yellowish, velvety to the touch: context corky to woody, zonate, isabelline, 0.5~-1 cm. thick; tubes evenly but indistinctly stratified, 2-4 mm. long each season, white when young, concolorous with the context in the older layers, mouths white, subcircular, 2 to a mm., edges obtuse: spores broadly ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, thin-walled, 6-7 X 7-84; hyphae light yellowish-brown, 10-12; cystidia none. TYPE LOCALITY: Coeymans, New York. HaBItTaT: Trunks of species of /raxinits. : DISTRIBUTION : New York to Nebraska and south to Missouri and Virginia. ILLUSTRATION: Bull. U. S. Dep. Agr. Pl. Ind. 32: p/. 2. 1903. ExsiccaTi; Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 2302. Parr 2, 1908] POLYPORACEAE 99 12. Fomes Laricis (Jacq.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 30: 230. 1903. Boletus Laricis Jacq. Misc. Austr. 1: 164. 1778. Boletus officinalis Vill. Hist. Pl, Dauph. 3: 1041. 1789. Boletus purgans Pers. Syn. Fung. 531. 1801. Polyporus officinalis Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 365. 1821. Fomes albogriseus Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 30: 97. 1903. (Type from Michigan.) Pileus firm, at length fragile, ungulate to cylindrical, 3-8 X 5-10 4-20 cm.; surface anoderm, powdery, white or slightly yellowish, concentrically sulcate, becoming slightly encrusted, tuberculose and rimose; margin obtuse, concolorous: context soft, tough, at length friable, chalk-white or slightly yellowish, very bitter, with the odor of fresh meal, 1-3 cm. thick; tubes evenly stratified, concolorous, 5-10 mm. long each season, mouths circular to angular, 3-4 to a mwy.., edges thin, fragile, white, becoming discolored and lacerate, wearing away with age: spores ovoid, smooth, hyaline, 4X5; hyphae 5.4; cystidia none. TYPE LOCALITY: Austria. HasiraT: In Europe, on living larch; in America, on living larch, pine and spruce. DISTRIBUTION : Michigan, Montana, California, and British Columbia ; also in Europe and Asia. ILLUSTRATIONS: Jacq. Misc. Austr. 1: 7. 20-21; Bull. Herb. Fr. pi. 296. 13. Fomes rubritinctus Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 30: 232. 1903. A large perennial plant of many layers, the upper partly dead and discolored, the lower smooth, light-colored and anoderm, with large ‘pores, which become dark-red when bruised. Pileus corky to woody, dimidiate, convex, 4-12 < 5-15 3-10 cm.; surface anoderm, smooth, velvety to the touch, white or pallid, becoming dark-brown and rough- ened with age; margin obtuse, sterile, concolorous: context corky, becoming woody, pallid, 1.5 cm. thick; tubes unevenly stratified, the layers separated by unusually thick cushions of context, 0.5-1 cm. long each season, 2 toa mm., isabelline within, becoming umbrinous in the older layers, mouths subcircular or polygonal, edges thin, isabelline, becoming dark-red when bruised: spores ovoid to globose, 5-7 long, smooth, hyaline, wall of medium thickness; hyphae hyaline. TYPE LOCALITY: Nicaragua. HasBitat: Dead trunks. . DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 14. Fomes populinus (Schum.) Cooke, Grevillea 14: 20. 1885. Boletus populinus Schum. Enum. Pl. Saell. 2: 384. 1803. Poria obducens Pers, Myc. Eur. 2: 104, 1825. Polyporus connatus Weinm. Fl. Ross. 332. 1836.—Weinm. En. Stirp. Petrop. 208. 1837. Not Polyporus connatus Schw. 1832. Polyporus connatus Fries, Epicr. Myc. 472. 1838. Fomes connatus Gill. Champ. Fr.1: 684. 1878. Pileus corky to woody, effused-reflexed, rarely applanate, 2-4>< 5-10 1-3 cm.; surface anoderm, velvety, white or yellowish, usually overgrown with moss or otherwise disfigured with age; margin acute, slightly deflexed, concolorous, blackish where bruised, becoming thicker with age: context punky to corky, white to ochroleucous, 3-8 mm. thick; tubes very distinctly stratified, 1-2 mm. long each season, concolorous, with a resinous Tee mouths subcircular to angular, minute, 5-6 to a mm., edges thin, uneven, white to cremeous, glistening : sports globose, thin-walled, byaline: smooth, 3-4 . TYPE LOCALITY: Island of ZeaJand, Denmark. HABITAT: Wounds on trunks df living maple, poplar, linden, beech, and a few other decid- ter: Canada to Florida and west to Missouri. ILLUSTRATIONS: Fries, Ic. Hymen. p/. 785. f.2; Gill. Champ. Fr. pl. 4 EXSICCATI: Rab. Fungi Eut, 1410; Sydow, Myc, Mar. 2302, 1710 ; Bike, “N. Am. Fungi 9/7 ; Thiim. Myc. Univ. 407. 4 100 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [ VoLUME 15. Fomes Meliae (Underw.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 30: 232. 1903. Polyporus Meliae Underw. Bull. Torrey Club 24: 85. 1897. Pileus corky, conchate or ungulate, thick and decurrent at the base, often imbricate, 3-5 5-8 1-3 cm.; surface anoderm, nearly smooth, subtomentose to glabrous, dirty- white; margin obtuse, concolorous: context corky, pallid, indistinctly zonate, 0.5-1 cm. thick ; tubes unevenly stratose, 3-6 mm. long each season, cremeous, becoming discolored, mouths circular, 5 to a mm., edges usually obtuse, firm, entire, becoming smoky-white, and the hymenium cracking in all directions with age: spores oblong, smooth, hyaline, 3X 6H. TYPE LOCALITY: Alabama, on branches of Melia Azederach, HaBITaT: Branches of Mela, Gleditsia, and Fraxinus. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from Alabama. . 16. Fomes Auberianus (Mont.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 491. 1905. Polyporus Auberianus Mont. Pl. Cell. Cuba 397. 1842. Pileus woody, conchate to pulverulent, 4-10 K 7-15 K 1-2 cm.; surface glabrous, rugose, radiate-striate, zonate, isabelline to light-fulvous; margin thin, but usually obtuse, pallid, turning bay when bruised, ungulate to lobed, deflexed : context corky to woody, almost white, 0.5-1.5 cm. thick; tubes distinctly stratose, 3-7 mm. long each season, fulvous within, mouths circular to angular, minute, 6-7 to a mm., edges thin, entire, light-bay, darker when bruised, subglistening : spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 3“; hyphae hyaline, 64; cystidia none. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba, on dead trunks. HasiTaT: Dead or wounded trunks of hardwood trees. DISTRIBUTION : Tropical America. ILLUSTRATION: Mont. Pl. Cell. Cuba pl. 16, f. 1. 17. Fomes geotropus Cooke, Grevillea 13: 119. 1884. Polyporus geoltropus Cooke, Grevillea 13: 32. 1884. Pileus woody, conchate, very thick behind, 6-12 K 10-20 X 24 cm.; surface pruinose to glabrous, roughly xugose, anoderm, azonate, irregularly concentrically undulate, stramineous to cremeous ; margin tumid, pallid, brownish when bruised, slightly undulate, deflexed : context corky, pallid to isabelline, 0.5-1.3 cm. thick ; tubes distinctly stratified, -0,.5-1.5 cm. long each season, pale chestnut-colored, fading out in the older layers, mouths circular, minute, 5 toamm., edges thin, entire, rose-colored when fresh, becoming darker and discolored with age or when bruised : spores smooth, hyaline. a) TYPE LOCALITY: Demerara, British Guiana. HaBpitat: Dead trunks. DISTRIBUTION : Gulf states and tropical America. ExsIccaTI : Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 7/03. DOUBTFUL SPECIES Polyporus aegerita Fries, Nov. Symb. 70. 1851. Collected on trunks in Mexico by Liebmann. Apparently allied to Fomes geotropus, but smaller. Boletus microporus Sw. F). Ind. Occ. 3: 1925. 1806. Collected by Swartz on trunks in Jamaica. The description suggests Komes Auberianus or Fomes geotropus, or possibly Rigidoporus micromegas. Cortolus sector was called by Schweinitz Polyporus microporus. 66. FOMITELLA Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 365. 1905. Hymenium sessile, at times semi-resupinate, applanate, epixylous; surface glabrous anoderm to encrusted, sulcate with age: context woody or slightly punky, browaieh: olivaceous, rarely varying to pallid; tubes minute, cylindrical, usually thick-walled, more or less stratose at maturity: spores smooth, hyaline. Type species, Boletus supinus Sw. Part 2, 1908] POLYPORACHAE 101 Tubes small, 5 to a mm., 1-3 mm. long each season. 1. F. supina. Tubes large, 1-2 toa mm., 3-5 mm. long each season. 2. F. fumoso-avellanea. 1. Fomitella supina (Sw.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 365. 1905. Boletus resupinatus Sw. Prodr, 149, 1788. Not Boletus resupinaius Muell. Fl. Dan. pl. 894. 1782. Boletus supinus Sw. F1. Ind. Occ. 1926. - 1806. Polyporus Valenzuelianus Mont. Pl. Cell. Cuba 398. pl. 15, f. 4. 1842. Polyporus guadelupensis Lév. Ann. Sci. Nat. III. 5: 134. 1846. (Type from Guadeloupe.) Polyporus hemileucus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 312. 1868. (Type from Cuba.) Polyporus plebetus cubensis Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 313. 1868. (Type from Cuba.) Polyporus subolivaceus Berk, & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 313, 1868. (Type from Cuba.) Polyporus venezuelae Cooke, Grevillea 15: 20. 1886. (Type from Venezuela.) Pileus rigid, corky to woody, dimidiate, thin, sessile, imbricate, plane or concave below, 4-6 & 5-10 X 0.5-1 cm.; surface finely tomentose to glabrous, azonate, smooth or rugose, varying from white to umbrinous, often blotched with purple or entirely purplish- black behind: context corky, zonate, greenish-isabelline to olivaceous, 2-6 mm. thick; tubes normally perennial, annual in many specimens, indistinctly stratose, 1-3 mm. long each season, isabelline to grayish-umbrinous within, mouths circular, rarely elongate, 5 to amm., edges rather thin'at maturity, entire but slightly uneven, isabelline to umbrinous: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 44; hyphae 6x4. TYPE LOCALITY : Jamaica. HaBiTaT: Various forms of deciduous wood. DISTRIBUTION: Southern United States and tropical America. ILLUSTRATIONS: Mont. Pl. Cell. Cuba loc. cz. ExsiccaTi: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 1704, Ule, Myc. Bras. 47. 2. Fomitella fumoso-avellanea (Romell) Murrill. Trametes fumoso-avellanea Romell, Bih. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Handl. 26 (3)36: 37. 1901. Pileus corky, sessile, imbricate, decurrent, applanate, convex below, triangular in sec- tion, 2-4 * 5-10 X 1-2.5 cm.; surface anoderm, tomentose, uneven, azonate, opaque, dull- colored, avellaneous to umbrinous; margin usually thin, isabelline, rarely purplish-tinted, smooth, entire: context soft-corky, homogeneous, olivaceous-umbrinous, 5 mm. thick ; tubes indistinctly stratified, 3-5 mm. long each season, avellaneous to umbrinous, mouths angular, somewhat irregular, 1-2 to a mm., edges thin, entire, umbrinous, purplish-tinted in some specimens: spores obliquely ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 3.5-4-2; hyphae 2-3 2; cystidia absent. TYPE LOCALITY: Paraguay. HaBiTaT: Dead trunks. / . DISTRIBUTION : Cozumel Island ; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; also in ‘Colombia and Paraguay. ILLUSTRATION: Bib, Sv. Vet.-Akad. Handl. 26 (3)!6: A1. 2, f. 37. DOUBTFUL SPECIES Polyporus sordidus Lév. Ann. Sci. Nat. IIT. 2: 192. 1844. Collected on trunks in America. It bears some resemblance to /. supina. 67. PYROPOLYPORUS Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 30: 109. 1903. Mison Adans. Fam. 2:10; hyponym. 1763. Agaricon Adans. Fam, 2:10. 1763. Not Agaricus L. 1753. Phellinus Quél. Ench. Fung. 172. 1886. Not Phelline Poir. 1826. Hymenophore large, perennial, epixylous, sessile, ungulate or applanate; surface sul- cate, usually anoderm and often rough or rimose: context woody or punky, brown, rarely dark-red; tubes brown, cylindrical, stratose, usually thick-walled: spores smooth, fer- ruginous, rarely hyaline. Type species, Boletus igniarius L. Pileus thick, ungulate. Context light. to dark-brown. Surface brown or gray, often becoming blackish and rimose after several years. Surface finally blackish and often rimose with age ; species temperate. 102 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA Context fulvous, opaque. Spores hyaline ; tubes thick-walled. . Pileus simple, sulcate, sometimes polished, margin usu- ally narrow and rounded; not found on species of Prunus. Pileus terraced, imbricate or semi-resupinate, rarely sul- cate, never polished, margin broad, making an obtuse angle ; found on species of Prunus. Spores yellowish-brown ; tubes thin-walled. Context melleous, lustrous. Pileus small, 5cm. broad; found on /untperus. Pileus large, 8 cm. or more broad; found on Bezula. Surface remaining brown, with crust entire; species tropical. Hymenium roseocinereous to smoky-gray. Hymenium ferruginous to fulvous. Context ferruginous; surface dark-brown, marked with nar- a Nn UF Wh tow black concentric lines; tubes thin-walled, 5toamm. 7. Context tawny ; surface black, without lines and more sul- cate ; tubes smaller, thick-walled, 7 to a mm. 8. Surface black or nearly so and soon becoming very rimose; spe- cies all brown-spored. . Species confined to temperate regions. Tubes short, 1-5 mm. long each season; found abundantly on Robinia. 9. Tubes long, over 5mm. long each season; found rarely and only on Quercus. 10. . BP. Cedrelae. Species confined to the tropics. Pileus very large, 12 cm. or more broad, margin rounded. 11 Pileus scarcely attaining 12 cm. in width, margin angular. Tubes large for the genus, 3-4 to a mm., thin-walled; spores 7 X 9u, cystidia none. 12. Tubes 5-7 to a mm., thick-walled. Pileus applanate, dimidiate, of light weight and soft- woody texture. Pileusungulate, conical, pendulous, vertically attached, of heavy weight and stony texture. Context reddish-fulvous to latericeous; species very rare, found only on Juniperus. Older pores visible in projecting annual layers; tubes 3-4 to a mm., thin-walled; pileus deeply furrowed, not rimose. Older pores not externally visible ; tubes 1-2 toa mm., thicker-walled ; surface very rimose. Pileus thin or of moderate thickness, conchate to applanate, never truly ungulate, Context ferruginous to fulvous. Surface soon covered with a thick, glabrous, horny, dark crust. Tube-layers very prominent, tubes stuffed with white mycelium. Tube-layers. distinct but not: prominent, tubes not conspicuously stuffed. Dissepiments thick ; hymenium concolorous with the context ; surface not rimose with age. Dissepiments thin; hymenium at length darker than the con- text; surface rimose in age. Surface anoderm or slightly encrusted. Hymenium chestnut-brown, glistening ; tubes 3-5 mm. long each 17. 15, 16. P. Earlei. [VoLUME 9 . PB igniarius. . P. fulvus. . BP. Everhartii. . PP. texanus. . P. Bakeri. . P. roseocinereus. P. inflexibtlis. P. Calkinsit, P. Robiniae. P. praerimosus. P. Underwoodit, 13. P. yucatanensis. 14. P. dependens. P. juniperinus. P. grenadensis. 18. P. pseudosenex. 9. P. jamiaicensis. season ; pileus large, velvety, ferruginous to fulvous. 20. P. Robinsoniae. Hymenium isabelline to fulvous. _ Pileus broadly effused, slightly reflexed, often wholly resupinate; spores globose, hyaline, 4-5, ; cystidia present. 21. P. conchatus. Pileus turbinate-conical, attached at the vertex ; spores ovoid, hyaline, 6-7 ~ 4-54; cystidia none. 22. P. Baccharidis. Pileus dimidiate to flabelliform, normally attached. Surface conspicuously tomentose, soft to the touch ; tubes short, fulvous within. Tubes 5-6 to a mm. Context punky, opaque ; found on species of Rives in temiperate regions. Context corky to woody, with a silky luster ; found on trunks of trees in Mexico and Central America. Tubes very minute, 8-10 to a mm. Pileus 4-8 cm. broad, concave below, surface remaining conspicuously tomentose. Pileus 10-25 cm. broad, plane below, surface becoming quite glabrous. 26. Surface soon encrusted, hard ; tubes avellaneous within, 46 mim. long each season. 27. Context flavous to luteous. Surface conspicuously fibrose-lacerate. 28. Surface inconspicuously tomentose or glabrous. 24, 25. Ribis. linteus. Subpectinatus, Langloisit, calcttratus. uw & hy . Sarcitus, Part 2, 1908] POLYPORACEAK 103 Pileus very large, 15-30 cm. broad ; context marked with interlacing lines of a lighter color. 29. P. extensus, Pileus 8-12 cm. broad ; context homogeneous, Surface almost free from markings ; tubes 2-6 mm. long each season ; found on mesquite. 30. P. sublinteus. Surface distinctly zonate and shallowly furrowed ; tubes 5-10 mm. long each season; found on logwood. 31. P. Haematoxyli. 1. Pyropolyporus igniarius (1,.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 30: 110. 1903. Boletus igniarius V,. Sp. Pl. 1176. 1753. Polyporus tgniarius Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 375. 1821. Polyporus nigricans Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 375. 1821. ? Polyporus hyperboreus Berk. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 7: 453. 1841. (Type from Arctic North America.) : ? Polyporus Novae-Angliae Berk. & Curt. Grevillea 1: 51. 1872. (Type from New England.) Fomes igniarius Gill. Champ. Fr. 1: 687. 1878. Phellinus igniarius Quél. Ench. Fung. 172. 1886. Pileus woody, ungulate, sessile, 6-7 X 8-10 X 5-12 cm.; surface smooth, encrusted, opaque, velvety to glabrous, ferruginous to fuscous, becoming black and rimose with age; margin obtuse, sterile, ferruginous to hoary, tomentose: context woody, distinctly zonate, ferruginous to fulvous, 2-3 cm. thick; tubes evenly stratified, 2-4 mm. long each season, fulvous, whitish-stuffed in age, mouths circular, minute, 3-4 toa mm., edges obtuse, fer- ruginous to fulvous,. hoary when young: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 6-7; spines 10-25 & 5-6 #. TYPE LOCALITY: Sweden. a HaBitaT: Trunks of various diseased déciduous trees. DISTRIBUTION : North temperate and arctic regions of all lands. ILLUSTRATION: Gill. Champ. Fr. p/. 290. ExsiccaTi: Roum. Fungi Sel. 6268, 7388 ; Krieger, Schad]. Pilz. 20; Thiim. Fungi Austr. 1007 ; Thiim. Myc. Univ. 105; Eriksson, Fungi Par. Scand. 78 ; Allesch. & Schn. Fungi Bavar. #27, 423; Desmaz. Pl. Crypt. 2256 ; Krieger, Fungi Sax. 526 ; Sydow, Myc. Mar. 460, 1603. 2. Pyropolyporus fulvus (Scop.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 30: 112. 1903. Boletus fulvus Se68. Fl. Carn. ed. 2.2: 469. 1772. Fomes fulvus Gill, Champ. Fr. 1: 687. 1878. Pileus woody, triquetrous, rarely ungulate, thick and broadly attached behind, 1-3 X 5-7 & 3-8 cm.; surface smooth, very slightly sulcate, velvety, ferruginous, becoming horny and glabrous and finally nearly black with age; margin subobtuse, ferruginous, velvety: context woody, fulvous, 1-2 cm. thick; tubes evenly stratified, 2-3 mm. long each season, fulvous, mouths circular, 3 to a mm., edges obtuse, entire, ferruginous to fulvous: spores globose, compressed on one side, hyaline, 5.5-6 & 4.5-5 4; spines fulvous, veutricose, 15-20 * 7-9; hyphae 2.5-3 4. TYPE LOCALITY: Carniola. HaBsitTaT: Diseased trunks and stumps of various species of Prunus. DISTRIBUTION: North America; also in vida ILLUSTRATION: Fries, Ic. Hymen, pl. 184, f. 3 ExsiccaTI: Roum. Fungi Sel. 6963, 7389 ; Desmaz. Pl. Crypt. 2157 ; Kunze, Fungi Sel. 202. 3. Pyropolyporus Everhartii (Ellis & Gall.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 30: 114. 1903. Mucronoporus Everhartii Ellis & Gall. Jour. Myc. 5: 141. 1889. ‘Pileus woody, dimidiate, ungulate, broadly attached behind, 6-10 X 6-15 x 3-8 cm.; surface glabrous, slightly encrusted, deeply sulcate, not polished, gray to brownish-black, slightly rimose in age; margin obtuse, covered with ferruginous tomentum, becoming gray and glabrous: context corky to woody, repeatedly zoned, fulvous in dried specimens, 2-3 cm. thick; tubes evenly stratified, 0.5-1 cm. long each season, fulvous, mouths cir- 104 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLtumE 9 cular, 4 to a mm., edges rather thin, entire, ferruginous to fulvous, glistening, the hymenium becoming much cracked in age: spores globose, smooth, ferruginous, 3-4.5 4; spines abundant, pointed, larger at the base, 15-25 K 6-10 #. : TYPE LOCALITY: New Jersey. Hasitat: Living trunks of species of oak and occasionally on beech. DISTRIBUTION: Eastern Canada to Delaware and Missouri. ILLUSTRATION: Jour. Myc. 5: pl. 12. 1889. : EXSICCATI: Ellis & Ey N. Am, Fungi 370? ; Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 401; Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 925. 4. Pyropolyporus texanus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus woody, ungulate, broadly attached, plane below, 3X54 cm.; surface tomen- tose, smooth, melleons, becoming gray or black, glabrous and somewhat rimose behind ; margin very obtuse and rounded, melleous, tomentose, smooth: context woody, distinctly zonate, 2.5 cm. thick, melleous to dark-luteous with silky luster; tubes evenly stratified, not separated by layers of context, 5 mm. long each season, concolorous, without luster, mouths circular, 4-5 to a mm., edges obtuse, entire, melleous to fulvous: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 3-44; hyphae ‘brown, 64; cystidia none. Type collected in Texas on Juniperus, 1900-1901, Ii. H. Long Jr. 327. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 5. Pyropolyporus Bakeri Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus woody, compressed-ungulate to applanate, dimidiate, slightly decurrent, 4-10 < 8-20 * 3-5 cm.; surface smooth, anoderm, becoming glabrous, 2-3 times deeply sul- cate, isabelline to gray or umbrinous; margin very broad and rounded, ferruginous, finely tomentose, perfectly smooth: context woody, dark-luteous, somewhat shining, 1.5-2 cm. thick ; tubes distinctly stratified, 5-7 mm. long each season, avellaneous to fulvous within, mouths circular, 4 to a mm., edges obtuse, entire, light-yellowish to fuliginous: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 5. Type collected at St. Croix Falls, Wisconsin, on black birch trunks, November, 1897, C. F. Baker 470. DISTRIBUTION : Wisconsin. 6. Pyropolyporus roseocinereus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus woody, hard, applanate to compressed-ungulate, often vertically attached, 5-8 x 7-14 X 2-4 cm.; surface tomentose, becoming glabrous, horny-encrusted, repeatedly zonate-sulcate, fulvous to reddish-brown ; margin acute, undulate, ferruginous, tomentose: context woody, very thin, light-fulvous, 1-2 mm. thick ; tubes indistinctly stratified, 1-2 mm. long each season, fulvous within, mouths circular, very minute, 5-6 toa mm., edges obtuse, entire, roseocinereous to smoky-gray: spores globose to ovoid, smooth, hyaline, 3-4 < 5-64; hyphae brown, 8; cystidia none. Type collected at Alto Cedro, Cuba, on dead wood in a dense virgin forest, March 19, 1905, F.S. Earle @ W. A. Murrill 561. DISTRIBUTION : Costa Rica ; Cuba. 7. Pyropolyporus inflexibilis (Berk.) Murrill. Polyporus inflexibilis Berk. Jour. Bot. & Kew Misc. 8: 199, 1856. Pyropolyporus crustosus Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 30: 113. 1903. (Type from Jamaica.) An ungulate plant of medium size with brown tubes, ferruginous substance and smooth encrusted dark-brown surface. Pileus woody, convex above, plane below, somewhat com- pressed-ungulate, 7125 cm.; surface glabrous, horny-encrusted, dark- brown, concen- trically sulcate, marked with narrow black concentric lines; margin rounded, yellowish- brown, sterile: context hard, concentrically banded, ferr uginous, 2 cm. (ince behind ; tubes indistinctly stratified, 0.5-1 cm. long each season, 5-6 to a mm., drab-colored within, mouths polygonal, concolorous, edges thin, acute, entire: spores globose to ovoid, smooth thin-walled, hyaline, 3.5-4< 4; hyphae darker; cystidia none, Part 2, 1908] POLYPORACEAE 105 TYPE LOCALITY: Panuré, Brazil. HaBitaT: Dead trunks of trees. DISTRIBUTION : Jamaica; also in Brazil. 8. Pyropolyporus Calkinsii Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 30: 113. 1903. A large ungulate plant, glabrous and furrowed above and uniformly hard and fulvous within. Pileus very hard, woody throughout, ungulate, 101010 cm.; surface gla- brous, dark-brown to black, marked with rather shallow concentric furrows, crust thin, horny, never rimose; margin rounded, concolorous with the hymenium: context very hard, woody, fulvous, 1 cm. thick; tubes in many indistinct layers, slender, minute, 7 to a mm., fulvous, mouths nearly circular, edges obtuse, entire: spores ovoid, hyaline, with thick, smooth, pale-ferruginous wall, 3-5 X 5-7; hyphae ferruginous; cystidia none. TYPE LOCALITY: Florida. HaBitaT: Living trunks of live-oak. DISTRIBUTION: Florida. 9. Pyropolyporus Robiniae Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 30: 114. 1903. A large fungus with dark rimose surface and tawny hymenium, very common on Robinia Pseudacacia, Pileus hard, woody, dimidiate, ungulate to applanate, 5-25 & 5-50 X 2-12 cm.; surface velvety, smooth, soon becoming very rimose and roughened, fulvous to purplish-black, at length dull-black, deeply and broadly concentrically sulcate ; margin rounded, velvety, fulvous: context hard, woody, concentrically banded, 1-3 cm. thick, fulvous; tubes stratose, 0.15~0.5 cm. long, 5 to a mm., fulvous, mouths subcircular, edges entire, equaling the tubes in thickness: spores subglobose, smooth, thin-walled ferruginous, copious, 4-5; cystidia none. TYPE LOCALITY: Virginia. HasitaT: On living trunks of Robinia Pseudacacia. DISTRIBUTION: Connecticut to Florida and west to Missouri and Texas. ILLUSTRATIONS: Rep. Mo. Bot. Gard. 12: g/. 1-3. 1901. 10. Pyropolyporus praerimosus Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 30: 115. 1903. A large ungulate plant with plane brown hymenium and a very rimose blackish sur- face. Pileus woody, rounded-ungulate, 8-12 X 7-10 X 8-11 cm.; surface exceedingly rimose after the first year, broadly furrowed, the projecting ridges splitting away in age, very dark-brown to black; margin obtuse, velvety, rusty to hoary: context corky to woody, concentrically banded, fulvons, 0.5 cm. or less thick ; tubes indistinctly stratified, 1-2 cm. long each season, 3 toa mm., concolorous within and without with the context, mouths rounded to polygonal, ochraceous at first, edges rather thick, obtuse, becoming thin and often splitting in age: spores globose, smooth, deep-ferruginous, 3-4; spines ferruginous, 10-17 < 5-10; largest at the base. TYPE LOCALITY: El Capitan Mountains, New Mexico, at an altitude of 2100 meters. Hazirat: Trunks of Quercus undulata. ; DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 11. Pyropolyporus Cedrelae Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus woody, hard, compressed-ungulate, broadly attached, plane below, 7-12 « 8-25 X 3-7 cm.; surface tomentose, deeply sulcate, fulvous, becoming very rough, rimose and black with age; margin obtuse, ferruginous to fulvous, tomentose, smooth : context corky to woody, 5-10 mm. thick, fulvous; tubes evenly stratified, 2~3 mm. long each season, ful- vous within, mouths circular, invisible to the unaided eye, 5-6 to a mm., edges obtuse, entire, ferruginous to fulvous: spores globose, smooth, golden-brown, 5-6 4, concolorous with the hyphae. Type collected at Bluefields, Jamaica, on a living trunk of Cedrela odoraia, November 10, 1902, F.S. Earle 450. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 106 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 9 12. Pyropolyporus Underwoodii Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 30: 116. 1903. A blackish ungulate plant of large size, with furrowed rimose surface and long brown tubes. Pileus woody, broadly ungulate, attached by a narrow base, concave below, 7X14 x11 cm.; surface many times concentrically furrowed, rimose, uniformly dark- brown to black ; margin fulvous, acute or somewhat obtuse, velvety, undulate, marked with narrow zones: context hard, fulvous to dark-brown, very thin, less than 0.5 cm.; tubes distinctly stratified, 0.5-1.5 cm. long each season, 34 to a mm., brown within, mouths darker, circular or polygonal, edges acute, entire: spores ellipsoid, smooth, thin-walled, light yellowish-brown, 7X9 ; cystidia none. TYPE LOCALITY : Coama Springs, Porto Rico. Hasitar: On dead wood. DISTRIBUTION : Bahamas ; Cuba; Jamaica; Porto Rico; St. Thomas, 13. Pyropolyporus yucatanensis Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 30: 119. 1903. A large blackish-brown, very rimose fungus, with tawny tubes and substance. Pileus woody, dimidiate, applanate, thickest behind, 7-99-12 2-3 cm.; surface clothed at first with tawny tomeritum, becoming very dark-brown or black and uniformly tubercular and broken into small areas by numerous shallow concentric furrows and radial cracks; margin narrow, acute, velvety, fulvous: context hard, fulvous, 0.5 cm. thick; tubes rather indistinctly stratified, 0.25 cm. long each season, 7 to a mm., fulvous, mouths circular, punctate, edges thick, obtuse: spores globose or subglobose, smooth, pale yellowish-brown, 3.5~-5 4; hyphae ferruginous ; cystidia thick at the base, pointed, 17-354. TYPE LOCALITY: Yucatan. HABITAT: Dead wood. . DISTRIBUTION : Yucatan and Nicaragua. 14. Pyropolyporus dependens Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus very hard, woody, ungulate, attenuate and vertically affixed behind, 3-5 < 4-8 4-8 cm.; surface black, very rough and rimose, horny-encrusted, repeatedly slightly sulcate ; margin abruptly acute, rarely rounded, velvety, ferruginous, undulate: context hard, woody, fulvous, very thin and inconspicuous; tubes indistinctly stratified, 2-3 mm. long each season, ferruginous within, becoming dark-fulvous in the older layers, mouths circular, minute, 5-6 to a mm., edges obtuse, entire, fulvous to chestnut-brown, glistening : spores globose, smooth, brown, 3“; hyphae 34; cystidia none. Type collected at Alto Cedro, Cuba, on decaying hardwood trunks, March, 1903, L. M. Under- wood & FS, Earle 1508, DISTRIBUTION: Cuba; Bahamas. 15. Pyropolyporus juniperinus (Schrenk) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 30: 116. 1903. Polyporus juniperinus Schrenk, Bull. U. S. Dep. Agr. Veg. Phys. 21:9. 1900. Pileus woody, ungulate, 3-5 < 5-8 5-7 cm.; surface tomentose, deeply sulcate, ferruginous to gray, at length rough and ee black; margin obtuse, velvety, mel- leous or ferruginous to hoary: context corky to woody, reddish. fulvous, 0.5-1 em. thick; tubes indistinctly stratified, 0.5-1 cm. long each season, melleous within, reddish-ful- vous in the older layers, mouths cireular to angular, 2-3 to a mm., edges rather thin, entire, even, melleous: spores reddish-brown, smooth; spines blunt, only slightly pro- jecting. TYPE LOCALITY: Tennessee. Hasitat: Trunks of Juniperus virginiana, DISTRIBUTION: Tennessee and Kentucky. ILLUSTRATIONS: Schrenk, loc. cit. pl. 1-4. Part 2, 1908] POLYPORACEAE 107 16. Pyropolyporus Earlei Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 30: 116. 1903. A broadly ungulate plant with yellow pores, red context and a dark, very rimose, sur- face. Pileus woody, attached by a broad base, plane below, 6 X 13X17 cm.; surface con- centrically sulcate, very rimose in older parts, fulvous to brownish-black, at length grayish- black from weathering; margin broad, obtuse, dark yellowish-orange, clothed with short dense tomentum of the same color: context woody, dark reddish-orange, concentrically banded with darker lines, very thin, 0.5 cm., rimose down to the tubes; tubes unevenly stratified, 0.5-0.75 cm. long each season, 1-2 to a mm., ochraceous within during the first season, afterwards latericeous, mouths circular, ochraceous, edges obtuse, rather thin: spores ellipsoid, smooth, thick-walled, ferruginous, 7-8 K 9x. TYPE LOCALITY: El Capitan Mountains, New Mexico, at an altitude of 2100 meters. HasitaT : Standing trunk of cedar. . DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 17. Pyropolyporus grenadensis Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus woody, hard, applanate or very compressed-ungulate, nearly circular to dimidiate, narrowly attached and considerably thicker behind, 5-12> 7-15 «1.54 cm.; surface rough, rugose, closely furrowed, tomentose, horny-encrusted, fulvous to dark chestnut-brown or black; margin obtuse, rounded in young plants, tomentose, fulvous, rather thin in large specimens: context woody, hard, fulvous, slightly lustrous, regularly zonate, 5-7 mm. thick; tubes very evenly and very distinctly stratified, the strata separated by very thin layers of context, 1-1.5 mm. long each season, fulvous, filled with white mycelium, mouths circular, minute, 5 toa mm., edges thick, entire, fulvous to fuliginous: spores globose, smooth, light yellowish-brown, 3-4; hyphae light yellowish-brown, 3.5 in diameter ; spines absent. Type collected in the mountain forests of Annandale, Grenada, on dead wood, February, 1906, WH, E. Broadway. . DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 18. Pyropolyporus pseudosenex Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus very hard, woody, dimidiate, applanate, usually concave below, 12-20 * 15-30 X 2-3 cm.; surface glabrous, horny-encrusted, subshining, repeatedly slightly sulcate, chestnut-brown to nearly black; margin thin, subobtuse, undulate to lobed, ferruginous: context woody, ferruginous, 3-5 mm. thick; tubes evenly stratified, at times separated by layers of context, 2-3 mm. long each season, fulvous within, mouths circular, very minute, 6 toa mm., edges obtuse, entire, becoming dark-fulvous: spores globose, smooth, fulvous, copious, 4-5; cystidia none. Type collected in Nicaragua, in 1891-2, C. L. Smith. HawpitaT: Decayed trunks, _ DISTRIBUTION: Mexico and Nicaragua. 19. Pyropolyporus jamaicensis Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 30: 120. 1903. A rather fan-shaped plant, the upper layers of which are dead and much cracked and roughened, while the layers added below are smaller each succeeding year. Pileus woody, applanate, much thicker behind, 8X13 0.5-5 cm.; surface uneven, radiately rimose, dark-brown to black; margin ferruginous, velvety, acute, becoming black, spreading and lobed, projecting 1-2 cm. beyond the new layers: context woody, fulvous, 0.5-1 cm. thick; tubes stratified, separated by thin annual layers of context, 0.2-0.7 cm. long each season, 7toamm., fulvous within, mouths rounded or polygonal, hoary when young, edges thin, 108 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 9 acute, entire: spores globose or subglobose, thiu-walled, smooth, pale golden-yellow (probably darker in age), 5-7 x. TYPE LOCALITY: Port Antonio, Jamaica. HasitaT: Old stumps of Pstdrun. : DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 20. Pyropolyporus Robinsoniae Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus woody, dimidiate, applanate to compressed-ungulate, 5-7 X 7-10 < 15-3 cm., surface velvety, slightly encrusted, many times sulcate, very rough, tubercular, ferruginous to fulvous, corroded and darker with age; margin obtuse, velvety, ferruginous, sterile: context woody, fulvons, 3-5 mm. thick; tubes unevenly stratified, 3-5 mm. long each season, umbrinous within, mouths circular, minute, 4-5 to a mm., edges obtuse, entire; chestnut-brown, glistening: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 4“; hyphae brown, 5#; cystidia none. Type collected on Monkey Hill, Jamaica, on decaying roots of a tree, July 11, 1904, Miss W. /. Robinson. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 21. Pyropolyporus conchatus (Pers.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 30: 117. 1903. Boletus salicinus Pers.; Gmel. Syst. Nat. 2: 1437. 1791. Not &. salictnus Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 433, f 1. 1789. Boletus conchatus Pers. Obs. Myc. 1: 24. 1796. Pileus woody, rigid, conchate, broadly effused and often entirely resupinate, 1-5 X 7-10 x 0.5-1.5 cm.; surface rough, tomentose, irregularly sulcate, anoderm, brown to black, becoming thinly encrusted and slightly rimose with age; margin acute, undulate, fer- ruginous to fulvous, tomentose: context woody, thin, fulvous, 1-3 mm. thick; tubes indis- tinctly stratified, 1-2 mm. long each season, fulvous, mouths circular, 5-6 to a mm., edges obtuse, ferruginous to fulvous: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 4-5 u; spines dark-brown, ventricose, 15~30 7-9; hyphae luteous, 2-2.5 4. TYPE LOCALITY: Europe. HasitTaT: On dead deciduous wood. DISTRIBUTION: Europe and North America. ILLUSTRATION : Fries, Ic. Hymen. p/. 185, f. 2. ExsIccaTI: Krieger, Fungi Sax. 8/9; Romell, Fungi Scand. 12; Thiim. Fungi Austr. 1006; Karst. Finl. Fungi 247; Roum. Fungi Sel. 5505, 6230, 7330 ; Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 978 ; Thiim. Myc. Univ. 510; Sydow, Myc. Mar. 7427; Shear, N. Y. Fungi 36. 22. Pyropolyporus Baccharidis (Pat.) Murrill. Polyporus Baccharidis Pat. Bull. Soc. Myc. Fr. 9: 129. 1903. Pileus corky-woody, turbinate-conical, vertically attached, pendulous, 3-6 « 3-6 X 1-2 em.; surface densely pectinate-sulcate, soft and velvety, flavous to cinnamon, becoming glabrous, blackish, and thinly encrusted; margin obtuse, flavous, tomentose, undulate: context corky, ferruginous-fulvous, 2-3 mm. thick; tubes evenly stratified, 2-3 mm. long each season, fulvous-cinnamon within, mouths circular, invisible to the unaided eye, 10 to amm., edges thin, entire, flavous-fuscous to chestnut-brown, slightly glistening : spores ovoid, smooth, hyaline, 6-7 X 4-5; cystidia none. TYPE LOCALITY: Rio Machangara, Cotocollao, Ecuador. HapgiraT: On trunks of Baccharis oblongifoha. DISTRIBUTION : Guadeloupe; also in Ecuador. 23. Pyropolyporus Ribis (Schum. ) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 30: 118. 1903. Boletus Ribis Schum. Enum. Pl. Saell. 2: 336. 1803. Polyporus ribestus Pers. Myc. Eur. 2: 80. 1825. Pileus tough, corky, becoming rigid, conchate, laterally.connate, 3-5 X 5-10 X 0.7-1,5 ‘em.; surface rough, velvety, anoderm, indistinctly zoned, ferruginous to umbrinous, becom- Part 2, 1908] POLYPORACEAE 109 ing glabrous and slightly encrusted with age; margin undulate to lobed, ferruginous, fur- rowed: context punky, fulvous, 3-5 mm. thick; tubes indistinctly stratified, 1-2 mm. long each season, fulvous, mouths circular, 5-6 to a mm., edges rather thin, entire, ferruginous to fulvous, hoary when young: spores globose or subglobose, pale yellowish-brown, smooth, 3-4 * 3u; hyphae 2.54; cystidia none. TYPE LOCALITY: Island of Zealand, Denmark. _ HapitaT: Living stems of red currant and other species of Rides; occasionally on stems of adjacent shrubs, such as Symphoricarpos, when growing near a number of infected plants of one of the ordinary hosts. DISTRIBUTION: New York, New Jersey, and Kansas; more widely distributed and more abundant in Europe. ILLUSTRATION: Sturm, Deutsch. Fl. Pilze 3: pl. 62. EXSICCATI: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 1693; Zopf & Syd. Myc. Mar. 68; Allesch. & Schn. Fungi Bavar. 239; Krieger, Fungi Sax. 432, Linhart, Fungi Hung. 349, Rab.-Wint. Fungi Eur. 2937 ; Thiim. Myc. Univ. 509 ; Desmaz. Pl. Crypt. 3/4, Roum. Fungi Gall. 2304. 24. Pyropolyporus linteus (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 30: 119. 1903. Polyporus linteus Berk. & Curt. Proc. Am. Acad. 4: 122. 1860. Pileus hard, heavy, dimidiate to nearly circular, applanate, 7-10 8-15 * 3-5 cm.; surface tomentose, fulvous, densely sulcate, clothed with lime-white hair, becoming darker and slightly rimose with age; margin obtuse, ferruginous to fulvous, tomentose: context corky to woody, melleous-ferruginous with silky luster, slightly zonate, 3-6 mm. thick; tubes indistinctly stratified, 3-5 mm. long each season, fulvous within, mouths circular, minute, 6 toa mm., edges rather thin, entire, ferruginous to fulvous: spores subglobose, - smooth, ferruginous, 3-4; cystidia tapering, acute, 40-60 « 6-8 x. TYPE LOCALITY : Nicaragua. HasitTat: Dead trunks of trees. DISTRIBUTION : Mexico and Nicaragua. 25. Pyropolyporus subpectinatus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus woody, thin, conchate, dimidiate to flabelliform, imbricate, laterally connate, often decurrent and effused behind, 2-44-8 X0.3-0.5 cm.; surface conspicuously tomentose, repeatedly slightly sulcate, longitudinally furrowed at times, chestnut-brown, with 4 thin black crust beneath a heavy coating of tomentum; margin subacute, sterile, tomentose, ferruginous, undulate to lobed: context very thin, ferruginous to fulvous, 1-2 mm. thick; tubes indistinctly stratified, 1-2 mm. long each season, fulvous within, mouths circular, extremely minute, 9-10 to a mm., edges thin, entire, glistening, dark-melleous to fer- ruginous: spores globose, smooth, light-brown, 2; cystidia none. Type collected at Ciego de Avila, Cuba, on dead wood in a dense virgin forest, March 21, 1905, F.S. Earle @ W. A. Murrill 629. DISTRIBUTION: Mexico ; Cuba ; Jamaica. 26. Pyropolyporus Langloisii Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 30: 117. 1903. A large thin expanded fungus with brown Toaienian and a brown or blackish surface. Pileus corky, fan-shaped, attached by a narrow base, often depressed behind, 8-13 10-25 X 0.3-1.5 ‘em.; surface at first anoderm, soft, clothed with brown tomentum, many times concentrically sulcate, gt length glabrous, rough, indurate, black, marked with numerous shallow furrows; margin velvety, brown, thin, acute, undulate or slightly lobed: context soft to corky, indurate in age, deep-brown, 0.2-0.3 cm. thick; tubes re- viving, distinctly stratified, 0.2-0.5 cm. long each season, 8-9 to amm., brown, mouths polygonal, concolorous, edges thin at maturity: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 34; cystidia none. TYPE LOCALITY: Louisiana. HasitaT : Base of the trunk of dead or dying hawthorn trees. DISTRIBUTION : Louisiana. 110 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoruME 9 27. Pyropolyporus calcitratus (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Polyporus calcitratus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 314, 1868. Pileus woody, dimidiate, applanate to compressed-ungulate, 4-10 & 6-12 K 1-3 cm.; surface tomentose, zonate, sulcate, umbrinous, becoming glabrous, darker and horny- encrusted with age; margin acute to subobtuse, sterile, ferruginous to fulvous: context woody, melleous to subferrnginous with silky luster, 3-10 mm. thick; tubes distinctly stratified, often separated by thin layers of context, 4-6 mm. long each season, avellaneous within, mouths subcircular, minute, 7 to a mm., edges rather thin, melleous when young, becoming avellaneous: spores globose, smooth, brown, 7#; hyphae 8“; spines conical, ventricose, brown, scanty, 15-20 X 5-6#. TYPE LOCALITY : Cuba. HaBitTaT: On dead wood. DISTRIBUTION: Cuba and Porto Rico. 28. Pyropolyporus sarcitus (Fries) Murrill. Polyporus sarcitus Fries, Nov. Symb. 66. 1851. Pileus woody, hard, thin, applanate, imbricate, narrowly attached, 8X14 X0.7 cm.; surface slightly sulcate, umbrinous to fuliginous, fibrose-lacerate, subsquamose, becoming almost smooth, with black horny crust; margin subacute, umbrinous, hispid, undulate to lobed : context hard, ferruginous, 1-2 mm. thick, becoming fulvous and streaked with white in age; tubes indistinctly stratified, 1-2 mm. long each season, ferruginous within, walls circular, 5-6 to a mm., edges obtuse, entire, melleous to pale-fulvous: spores globose, smooth, very light-brown, 54; hyphae 64; cystidia none. TYPE LOCALITY: Island of St. John, West Indies. HasziraT: Dead wood. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 29. Pyropolyporus extensus (Lév.) Murrill. Polyporus extensus Lév. Ann. Sci, Nat. III.5: 129. 1846. ? Ganoderma mexicanum Pat. Bull. Soc. Myc. Fr. 14: 54. 1898. (Type from Mexico.) Pileus corky to woody, dimidiate to flabelliform, applanate, 10-20 x 15-30 X 1-3 cm.; surface velvety, thinly encrusted, rugose, zonate, sulcate, fulvous to castaneous, becoming dark and rimose with age; margin thin, acute to subobtuse, sterile, velvety, isabelline to fulvous, undulate to lobed: context corky to woody, yellow, slightly zonate, becoming darker, with dendroid markings, in age, 0.5-1 cm. thick; tubes evenly and distinctly stratified, 2-4 mm. long each season, fulvous, mouths circular, minute, 5 to a mm., edges obtuse, entire, ochraceous to fulvous: spores globose, smooth, fulvous, 4-5; hyphae fulvous, 44. TYPE LOCALITY: Guadeloupe. HapitaT: Decayed trunks. DISTRIBUTION : Southern Florida ; Mexico ; Nicaragua ; Cuba ; Jamaica; Guadeloupe. 30. Pyropolyporus sublinteus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus corky to soft-woody, dimidiate, applanate, 6-8 7-10 & 1-2 cm.; surface finely tomentose to glabrous, very thinly encrusted, smooth, almost free from markings of any kind, light-bay to almost black; margin thin, rarely lobed, tomentose, ferruginous: con- text corky, slightly zonate, melleous, 3-10 mm. thick; tubes distinctly stratified, separated by layers of context, 2-6 mm. long each season, umbrinous within, mouths subcircular, 7 toamm., edges thin, entire, becoming umbrinous: spores globose, smooth, brown, 52; hyphae 8; cystidia none. Type collected at Topolobampo, Mexico, on decayed wood of i Sie ey y' mesquite, March, 1889, Lalu DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. Part 2, 1908] POLYPORACEAE 111 31. Pyropolyporus Haematoxyli Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 30: 117. 1903. A smooth applanate plant of considerable size with brownish tubes and honey-yellow context. Pileus woody, dimidiate, sessile, thickest behind, 12 144 cm.; surface gla- brous, dark-brown, shallowly concentrically sulcate, marked with numerous darker con- centric lines; margin fulvous, thin, rounded, slightly undulate: context corky to woody, indistinctly concentrically banded, honey-yellow, 1 cm. thick; tubes distinctly stratified, longer behind, 0.5~1 cm. long each season, 6 to a mm., dull-brown, mouths polygonal, con- colorous, edges obtuse, becoming thin: spores globose, rarely ovoid, thin-walled, smooth, hyaline, 3.5-54; hyphae ferruginous; cystidia none. TYPE LOCALITY: Paradise, Jamaica. HABITAT: Base of living logwood tree. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. DOUBTFUL SPECIES Polyporus rhabarbarinus Berk. Ann. Nat. Hist. 3: 388. 1839. Type locality un- known. The only specimen in Hooker’s herbarium that fits the description, according to Cooke, resembles P. pseudosenex, but has almost hyaline, globose spores, and small cus- pidate cystidia. Polyporus badius Berk. Ann. Nat. Hist. 7: 453. 1841. Type from boreal North America. Very near Pyropolyporus Everhartit, Spores subglobose to ovoid, smooth, ferruginous, 4-5 X 6-7; hyphae ferruginous, 4-5; cystidia not found. Polyporus elatus Lév. Ann, Sci. Nat. III. 5: 129, 1846. Type from Guadeloupe. Description meager and authentic specimens not found. Polyporus nicarvaguensis Berk. & Curt. Proc. Am. Acad. 4: 122. 1860. Type from Nicaragua. Description meager and authentic specimens not found. Polyporus subfiexibilis Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 311. 1868. Described from Wright’s Cuban collections. Polyporus sclerodes Berk, & Curt. Jour. Linn. Sec. 10: 311. 1868. Type from Cuba. Although the description is fairly complete, it is impossible to locate the species without seeing the type material, which could not be found at Kew. Polyporus scleromyces Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 312. 1868. Collected by Wright on dead wood in Cuba. Specimens at Kew hardly accord with the description. Xanthochrous igniarioides Pat. Bull. Soc. Myc. Fr. 14: 54. 1898. Type from Mexico. Authentic specimens not seen. Said to differ from Pyropolyporus Everhartti in having larger spores and no cystidia. 68. PORODAEDALEA Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 367. 1905. Hymenophore large, perennial, epixylous, sessile, conchate to ungulate; surface anoderm, sulcate, usually rough: context brown and woody ;' tubes concolorous, rarely in distinct layers, the hymenium varying from porose to daedaleoid: spores smooth, hyaline at maturity, becoming brownish with age; cystidia conspicuous. Type species, Boletus Pini Thore. 1. Porodaedalea Pini (Thore) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 367. 1905. Boletus Pini Thore, Chlor. Land. 487. 1803.—Brot. Fl. Lusit. 2: 468. 1804. Daedalea Pini Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 336. 1821.—Linnaea 5: 514. 1830. Polyporus Pini Pers. Myc. Eur. 2: 83. 1825. Trametes Pint Fries, Epicr. Myc. 489. 1838. Fomes Abietis Karst. Bidr. Finl. Nat. Folk 37: 242. 1882. Polyporus piceinus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 42: 25. 1889. (Type from Sandlake, New York.) : Trametes Pint Abietis Karst. Finl. Basidsv. 336. 1889. ? Trametes gausapaia Berk. & Rav. Grevillea 19: 102. 1891. (Type from South Carolina.) Pileus hard, woody, typically ungulate, conchate or effused-reflexed in varieties, often imbricate, 5-8 X 7-12 X 5-8 cm., smaller in varieties; surface very rough, deeply sulcate, 112 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VorumEz 9 tomentose, tawny-brown, becoming rimose and almost black with age ; margin rounded or acute, tomentose, ferruginous to tawny-cinnamion, entire, sterile in large specimens: context soft-corky to indurate, homogeneous, ferruginous, 5-10 mm. thick, thinner in small speci- mens; tubes stratified, white to avellaneous within, becoming ferruginous at maturity and in the older layers, 5 mm. long each season, much shorter in thin specimens, mouths irregular, circular or daedaleoid, often radially elongate, averaging 1 toamm., edges fer- ruginous to grayish-umbrinous, glistening when young, rather thin, entire; spores sub- globose, smooth, hyaline at maturity, becoming brownish with age, 5-6 xX 3-4; spines abundant, short, 25-35 & 4-64. TYPE LOCALITY: France. Hapitat: Trunks of living conifers. DISTRIBUTION : Temperate regions. ; ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. U. S. Dep. Agr. Veg. Phys. 25: pl. 12, E. & P. Nat. Pfl. Lite sf 9. Exsiccatr: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 2507, 2730; Romell, Fungi Scand. 7; Zopf & Sydow, Myc. Mar. 3; Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 602; Rab.-Wint. Fungi Eur. 3238; Karst. Finl. Fungi 7; Ellis & Ey. Fungi Columb. 205; Linhart, Fungi Hung. #48; Krieger, Schadl. Pilz. 78. 69. NIGROFOMES Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 425. 1904. Hymenophore large, perennial, epixylous, sessile: context woody, purple; tubes cylindrical, stratose, thick-walled, black : spores ovoid, smooth, hyaline. Type species, Polyporus melanoporus Mont. 1. Nigrofomes melanoporus (Mont.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 425. 1904. Polyporus melanoporus Mont. Pl. Cell. Cuba 422. 1842. Fomes melanoporoides Cesati, Myc. Borneo 5. 1879. (Type from Borneo.) Fomes Cornu-bovis Cooke, Grevillea 13: 2. 1884. (Type from Malaya.) Pileus very hard, ligneous, heavy, conchate to applanate, sessile, dimidiate, decurrent, 6-10 K 10-15 % 1-2 cm. surface tomentose, nearly smooth, fuliginous to black, becoming glabrous, shining, several times sulcate and often rough and tuberculose with age; margin usually deflexed at least when dry, sterile, rounded, rarely acute, finely tomentose, cas- taneous-umbrinous, becoming bay when bruised: context hard, fibrous, zonate, lustrous, dark reddish-violet to chestnut-colored, 5 mm. thick, much thinnerin old specimens; tubes distinctly stratified, 3-4 mm. long each season, blackish to black the first year, avellaneous in the older layers, mouths circular, minute, 5-6 to a mm., edges thitk, entire, umbrinous, becoming angular, thin and dark smoky-black with age: spores ovoid, smooth, hyaline. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. HasiTaT: Trunks of trees. DISTRIBUTION: Southern Florida; Nicaragua; Cuba; Jamaica; also in tropical Asia. 70. GLOBIFOMES Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 424. 1904. Hymenophore large, woody, encrusted, perennial, epixylous, compound : context fer- ruginous, punky ; tubes cylindrical, thick-walled, stratose : spores ovoid, smooth, ferruginous. Type species, Boletus graveolens Schw. 1. Globifomes graveolens (Schw.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 424. 1904. Boletus graveolens Schw. Schr. Nat. Ges. Leipzig 1: 97. 1822. Polyporus conglobatus Berk. Lond. Jour. Bot. 4: 303. 1845. (Type from Ohio.) Fomes graveolens Cooke, Grevillea 13: 118. 1884, Hymenophore polycephalous, globose, having the appearance of being thatched, 8-15 em. in diameter, the center homogeneous, ferruginous, floccose and rigid: pilei very numerous, cespitose-branched, closely imbricate, occupying the periphery of the mass. Pileus corky, rigid, conchate, usually plicate, 1-3 x 0.5-0.8 cm.; surface radiately sulcate, slightly zonate, purplish-fuscous, pulverulent to glabrous, slightly resinous in appearance, Part 2, 1908] POLYPORACEAE 113 encrusted, grayish-black with age; margin fulvous, pulverulent, undulate or lobed, sub- acute, deflexed, sterile on the perpendicular portion, which is from 2to3mm. long: context « floccose, homogeneous, ferruginous, 2-5 mm. thick, with a strong and disagreeable odor when fresh; tubes 2 mm. long, grayish- -umbrinous, mouths circular, whitish-pulverulent to eaceaeans fuliginous with age, edges thick, entire: spores globose or ovoid, smooth, ferruginous, 44; hyphae dark-brown, 6; cystidia ovoid, hyaline, rather abundant, 7x4h. TYPE LOCALITY: Georgia. HABITAT: Dead trunks of oak and beech. DISTRIBUTION : Pennsylvania to lowa and Georgia. ILLUSTRATION: Ohio Myc. Bull. 9: I. EXSICCATI: Rav. Fungi Car. 3: 8; Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 603. 71. ELFVINGIA Karst. Finl. Basidsv. 333. 1889. ? Aylopilus Karst. Bidr. Finl. Nat. Folk 37: 69. 1882. Hymenophore large, epixylous, sessile, applanate or ungulate; surface sulcate, horny- encrusted: context brown, punky; tubes brown, cylindrical, stratose, thick-walled, mouths whitish when young: spores brown, rarely hyaline; conidia present in most species on or near the surface of the pileus. Type species, Homes applanatus (Pers.) Gill. Context ferruginous ; spores hyaline ; pileus usually ungulate. Pileus exactly ungulate ; pores 3 to amm.; found in tentperate regions south to North Carolina. 1. E£. fomentaria. Pileus compressed-ungulate ; pores 5 to a mm.; found in tropical America and the Gulf states. 2. £. fasciata. Context darker, fulvous to chocolate-brown; spores yellowish-brown; pileus usually applanate. Hymenophore annual, persisting above later growths; pileus reniform, margin thin ; spores dark-brown, roughly echinulate, 8-97 he 3. E. lobata. Hymenophore ‘truly perennial ; tubes stratified ; spores smooth or nearly so. Crust white, becoming brown, not separating ; spores smooth, 8-9 x Sy; found in temperate regions. 4. BE. megaloma. Crust brown; context floccose, softer ; spores smooth or slightly echinulate ; found in tropical America. Pileus thick at maturity, crust smooth and very hard ; hymenium plane ; margin truncate, very smooth, often laccate. 5. £. tornata. Pileus thin, crust radially wrinkled, thinner; hymenium concave ; margin undulate, never laccate. 6. E£. Lionnetit, 1. Elfvingia fomentaria (1,.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 30: 298. 1903. Boletus fomentarius L. Sp. Pl. 1176. 1753. Polyporus fomeniarius Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 374. 1821. Polyporus fomentarius excavatus Berk. Ann. Nat. Hist. 3: 387. 1839. (Type from Isle a la Crosse, North America. ) Fomes fomentarius Gill. Champ. Fr. 1: 686. 1878. Pileus hard, woody, ungulate, concave below, 7-9 < 8-10 & 3-10 cm.; surface finely tomentose to glabrous, isabelline to avellaneonus and finally black and shining with age, zonate, sulcate, horny-encrusted ; margin obtuse, velvety, isabelline to fulvous: context punky, homogeneous, ferruginous to fulvous, conidia-bearing, 3-5 mm. thick; tubes indis- tinctly stratified, not separated by layers of tontext, 3-5 mm. long each season, avellaneous to umbrinous within, mouths circular, whitish-stuffed when young, 3-4 to a mm., edges obtuse, entire, grayish-white to avellaneous, turning dark when bruised: spores globose, smooth, very light-brown, 3-4; hyphae brown, 7-8; cystidia none. TYPE LOCALITY : Sweden. HagiratT: Abundant on trunks of birch and beech. DISTRIBUTION: Canada to North Carolina and west to California; also in the temperate regions of Europe Tec ueeR arions Gill. Champ. Fr. £/. 467; Sow. Engl. Fungi p/. 137. ExsiccaTI : Sydow, Myc. Mar. 210, 4608; Allesch. & Schn. Fungi Bavar. /#0,; Linhart, Fungi Hung. pet Thiim. Fungi Austr. 716 ; Eriksson, Fungi Par. Scand. 77; Krieger, "Fungi Sax. “i; Shear, N. Y. Fungi 35 ;- Thtim. Myc. Univ. 2109. 114 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [Vorume 9 2. Elfvingia fasciata (Sw.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 30: 298. 1903. Boletus fasciatus Sw. Prodr. 149. 1788. Polyporus sclerodermeus Lév. Ann. Sci. Nat. III. 5: 129. 1846. (Type from Guadeloupe.) Polyporus marmoratus Berk. & Curt, Proc. Am. Acad. 4: 122, 1858. (Type from Nicaragua.) Fomes subfomentarius Romell, Bih, Sv. Vet.-Akad. Hand]. 26 (3)16: 19. j901. (Type from Matto Grosso, Brazil.) a Myriadoporus Dussti Pat. Bull. Soc. Myce. Fr.5: 85. 1889. (Type from Martinique.) Pileus hard, woody, dimidiate, applanate to ungulate, convex above, 7-10 K 8-15 X 2-6 cm.; surface finely tomentose, at length glabrous, concentrically sulcate, at first mole- colored, changing to umbrinous, and finally avellaneous with black fasciations; margin acute to obtuse, isabelline, sterile, undulate or entire: context punky, thin, ferruginous to fulvous, zonate, 3-5 mm. thick; tubes indistinctly stratified, 5-10 mm. long each season, avellaneous within, mouths circular, minute, 4-5 to a mm., edges obtuse, avellaneous to umbrinous, becoming darker when bruised: spores subglobose, smooth, light-brown, 5-7 4; hyphae brown, 4-6; cystidia none. TYPE LOCALITY: Jamaica. HasitaT: Dead trtinks of various trees. DISTRIBUTION: Gulf states and tropical America, ILLUSTRATION: Romell, Joc. cit. pl. 1, f. 27; pl. 2, f. 35, 36. ExsiccaTi: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 7702. , 3. Elfvingia lobata (Schw.) Murrill. Polyporus lobatus Schw. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. II. 4: 157. 1832. Polyporus rentformis Morgan, Jour, Cinc. Soc, Nat. Hist. 8: 103. 1885. (Type from Ohio.) Elfvingia rentformis Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 30: 299. 1903. Pilens woody, applanate, reniform to dimidiate, 5-8 10-15 x 1-2.5 cm.; surface con- centrically sulcate, subzonate, glabrous, ferruginous to fulvous, becoming grayish-brown with age; margin thin, rarely rounded, creamy-white, smooth, entire : context punky with some horny fibers, chestnut-colored, slightly zonate, 5-8 mm. thick ; tubes annual, 5-8 mm. long each season, avellaneous within, mouths circular, 4-5 to a mm., edges obtuse, entire, cremeous to umbrinous, becoming brownish when bruised: spores ovoid, dark-brown, asperulate, 8-10 < 6-7; hyphae fulvous, 3-5 in diameter. TYPE LOCALITY: Salem, North Carolina. HaBitTaT: Stumps and diseased trunks of certain deciduous trees, especially the white oak. DISTRIBUTION : New York to Alabama and west to Missouri. 4. Elfvingia megaloma (Lév.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 30: 300. 1903. Polyporus megaloma Lév. Ann. Sci. Nat. III. 5: 128. 1846. Polyporus leucophaeus Mont. Syll. Crypt. 157. 1856. (Type from Ohio.) Fomes megaloma Cooke, Grevillea 14: 18. 1885. Pileus hard, woody, dimidiate, applanate, 6~15 > 8-30 1-4 cm.; surface milk-white to gray or umbrinous, glabrous, concentrically sulcate, encrusted, fasciate with obscure lines, conidia-bearing, usually brownish during the growing season from the covering of conidia ; margin obtuse, broadly sterile, white or slightly cremeous, entire to undulate: context corky, usually rather hard, zonate, fulvous to bay, 5-10 mm. thick, thinner with age; tubes very evenly stratified, separated by thin layers of context, 5-10 mm. long each season, avel- laneous to umbrinous within, mouths circular, 5 to a mm., whitish-stuffed when young, edges obtuse, entire, white or slightly yellowish to umbrinons, quickly chan ging color when bruised : spores ovoid, smooth or very slightly roughened, pale yellowish-brown, truncate at the base, 7-8 X 5-64. TYPE LOCALITY: New York. HasitaT: Abundant on dead or diseased trunks or timber of most deciduous trees: also on conifers in certain sections. 2 DISTRIBUTION : Canada to the mountains of Alabama and west to California. EXsICcaTI: Thiim. Myc. Univ. 1804; Rab.-Wint. Fungi Eur. : i i i Peg aes eee) gi Eur. 3736; Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 801 ; Par? 2, 1908] POLYPORACEAE 115 5. Elfvingia tornata (Pers.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 30: 301. 1903. Polyporus lornatus Pers.; Gaud. Voy. Freyc. Bot. 173. 1826. Polyporus australis Fries, Elench. Fung. 108. 1828. (Type from islands in the Pacific Ocean.) Polyporus Oerstedii Fries, Nov. Symb. 63. 1851. (Type from the island of St. John, West Indies.) Fomes australis Cooke, Grevillea 14: 18. 1885. Ganoderma ausirale Pat. Bull. Soc. Myc. Fr. 5; 71. 1889. Pileus hard, woody, dimidiate, sessile or spuriously stipitate, applanate, thin, very large, plane below, 10-20 * 15-30 x 1-5 cm.; surface horny-encrusted, sulcate, glabrous, slightly tuberculose, conidia-bearing, opaque to subshining, often fasciate with black bands, subspadiceous to fulvous; margin smooth, sterile, often laccate, subacute, often becoming truncate : context floccose with harder fibers, zonate, fulvous to bay, with whitish markings in old specimens, 5-10 mm. thick, very thin in large specimens; tubes indistinctly strati- fied, 5-8 mm. long each season, not separated by layers-of context, dark-umbrinous within, mouths circular, not stuffed when young, often covered near the margin with resin, 4 toa mm., edges obtuse to acute, entire, pallid to umbrinous: spores broadly ellipsoid, trun- cate, very dark yellowish-brown, abundantly and roughly echinulate, 5-6 X 7-8 z. TYPE LOCALITY: Islands in the Pacific ocean. HaBItTaT: Dead trunks and stumps of various trees. DISTRIBUTION : Abundant and widely distributed in tropical America ; also i in tropical Asia. 6. Elfvingia Lionnetii (Rolland) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 30: 301. 1903. Ganoderma Lionnetit Rolland, Bull. Soc. Myc. Fr. 17: 180. 1901. Pileus woody, thin, applanate, 8-12 15-20 1-3 cm.; surface horny-encrusted, pro- foundly radiate-rugose, zonate-fasciate, tuberculose, spadiceous-umbrinous to fuliginous ; margin pallid, sterile, undulate, obtuse, reddish-brown when bruised: context floccose, hard, tawny-bay, 3-5 mm. thick ; tubes indistinctly stratified, 6-10 mm. long each season, not separated by layers of context, chestnut-colored within, umbrinous-tinted, especially in the older layers, mouths circular to polygonal, whitish-stuffed when young, 4-5 toa mm., edges obtuse, very thin, denticulate, white or cream-colored to umbrinous or bay, chestnut- colored when bruised: spores ovoid, smooth, fulvous, truncate at the base, 8 x 5 yu. TYPE LOCALITY: Isthmus of Panama. Hapitat: Trunks of trees. DISTRIBUTION : Nicaragua and Panama. ILLUSTRATION: Bull. Soc. Myc. Fr. 17: pi. 8. 72. AMAURODERMA Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 366. 1905. Hymenophore large, epixylous, stipitate, the stipe often much elongated; surface smooth, encrusted, not varnished: context pallid or brown, punky to fibrous; tubes cylin- drical, concolorous, the mouths usually light-colored at first: spores ovoid or globose, brown. Type species, Homes regulicolor Cooke. Pileus over 3 cm. broad; stipe over 5 mm. thick. Stipe lateral, ascending. Stipe less than 5 cm. long. Pileus 10 cm. or more broad; tubes 5 to a mm.; plants cespitose. 1. A. coffeatunt. Pileus 5 cm. or less broad ; tubes 8 to a mm. : plants simple, 2. A, regulicolor. Stipe 15 cm. long. 3. A. avellaneum, Stipe central, erect. Hymenium white to avellaneous; stipe 15 cm. long. 4. A, Chaperi. Hymenium rich yellow ; stipe less than 10 cm. long. 5. 4. flaviporum, Pileus 3 cm. or less in breadth ; stipe slender, less than g min. thick. Context bay. 6. A. renatum. Context wae to avellaneous. Stipe 2 cm. long; pileus orbicular, nodding. 7. A. nutans. Stipe 10 cm. long ; pileus reniform, erect. 8. A. subrenaiun., 116 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 1. Amauroderma coffeatum (Berk.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 367. 1905. Polyporus coffeatus Berk. Ann. Nat. Hist. 3: 385. 1839. Cespitose; pileus solid, corky, suborbicular, oblique, 18-20 cm. broad; surface smooth, thinly encrusted, opaque, reddish-brown; margin pallid to brown, obtuse: context corky, pallid, pale-isabelline in dried specimens; tubes decurrent, pallid, mouths subcireular, 5 toa mm., darker than the context, edges obtuse, entire: spores not examined : stipe lat- erally attached, elongate, cylindrical, subequal, obscure-brown, mixed with coffee color, pruinose, pallid and soft-corky, becoming fistulose, 3.5 cm. long, 1 cm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: St. Vincent, West Indies. HABITAT: Decaying trunks. : DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 2. Amauroderma regulicolor (Cooke) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 367. 1905. Fomes regulicolor Cooke, Grevillea 15: 21. 1886. Pileus simple, rigid, corky, reniform, convex above, 2X 2.5-4 X 0.3-1 cm.; surface silky, subzonate, smooth, purplish-fuscous ; margin subacute, more obscure : context fulvous, punky, homogeneous, 1-3 mm. thick; tubes not stratified, 3-5 mm. long, grayish-umbrinous within, mouths hexagonal at maturity, 8 to a mm., grayish-fuscous, lighter when young, edges thin, entire: spores not examined: stipe lateral, ascending, contorted, fuscous, slightly tomentose, opaque, 4-8 cm. long, 8-12 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. . HABITAT: Decaying roots of deciduous trees. DISTRIBUTION: Cuba. 3. Amauroderma avellaneum Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus woody, rather thick, flabelliform, laterally attached, 6X 6 1 cm.; surface pul- verulent to glabrous, very rugose, colliculose behind, slightly sulcate, thinly encrusted, opaque, avellaneous with faint reddish-brown zones; margin pallid, acute, lobed, pulveru- lent: context corky with horny radiations, pale-isabelline when dry, 3-4 mm. thick ; hy- menium free; tubes long and slender, not stratified, 1 cm. long behind, shorter in front, white within, mouths circular, 4 to a mm., edges obtuse, entire, white : stipe long, ascend- ing, subcylindrical with several short aborted branches, straight, laterally attached, um- brinous, opaque, horny-encrusted, firm and nearly white within, 15 cm. long, 1 cm. thick. Type collected in Nicaragua, on decayed wood, C. L. Smith. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 4. Amauroderma Chaperi (Pat.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 367. 1905. Ganoderma Chaperi Pat. Jour. de Bot. 4: 197. 1890. Pileus rigid, corky to woody, regularly orbicular, plane, slightly depressed at the center, 881.5 cm.; surface opaque, brownish-black, fulvous-fasciate, abundantly shallowly concentrically sulcate, with fragile crust; margin plicate-rugulose, obtuse, fertile, pallid: context punky, pale-fulvous, homogeneous, 4-5 mm. thick; hymenium free; tubes not stratified, avellaneous-isabelline, 8-12 mm. long, mouths circular or angular, regular, minute, 4-5 toa mm., edges thick, entire, avellaneous: spores exactly spherical, fulvous, echinulate : stipe central, cylindrical, equal, very long, probably rooting, opaque, brownish- cinereous, pale-fulvous and stuffed within, 15 cm. long, 8 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. HasItTaT: Dead wood. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 5. Amauroderma flaviporum Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus hard, rigid, circular, depressed at the center, concave below, 8-12 8-121 em.; surface opaque, velvety, umbrinous with numerous bay-black zones, radiate-rugose, Part 2, 1908] POLYPORACEAE 117 not sulcate; margin paler, velvety, subzonate, deflexed, at least when dry, acute, undulate to lobed : context white, corky, homogeneous, 5 mm. thick; hymenium adnate; tubes very pale avellaneous, not stratified, 2-4 mm. long, mouths angular, 4-5 toa mm., stuffed when young, edges thin, entire, flavous when fresh, cremeous-melleous in dried specimens: spores ovoid, truncate, yellowish-brown, roughly echinulate, 6-7 4-5: stipe thick, cen- tral, slightly flattened, equal or expanding above, erect, opaque, horny-encrusted, velvety, dark melleous-luteous, white and punky within, 6-8 cm. long, 1.5-2 em. thick. Type collected at Hope mine, Jamaica, on Melicocca bijuga, October 25, 1902, F. S. Earle 105. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 6. Amauroderma renatum (Berk.) Murrill. Polyporus renatus Berk. Jour. Bot. & Kew Misc. 8: 170. 1856. Pileus lateral, very thin, rigid when dry, fan-shaped to reniform, attenuate behind, 1-2 x 1.5-3 X 0.1-0.2 cm.; surface silky, zonate, slightly rugose, castaneous, becoming glabrous and avellaneous-isabelline with age; margin very thin, pallid, entire to undulate or lobed : context punky, bay, homogeneous, 0.5-1 mm. thick; tubes not stratified, though apparently reviving, 1-1.5 mm. long, murinous to umbrinous within, mouths hexagonal, pure white at first, becoming umbrinous with age, 5 to a mm., edges at first very thick, becoming thinner, entire: stipe very long, erect or somewhat flexuose, laterally attached, slightly expanding above, frequently branched either near the middle or at the apex, avel- laneous to umbrinous, opaque, finely tomentose, fulvous and floccose within, 10-20 em. long, 1-3 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Panuré, Brazil. HasitTaT: On the ground, usually attached to buried decaying wood. DISTRIBUTION : Nicaragua; Jamaica; also in Brazil. 7. Amauroderma nutans (Fries) Murrill. Polyporus nutans Fries, Nov. Symb. 61. 1851. Ganoderma nutans Pat. Bull. Soc. Myc. Fr. 5: 68. 1889. A small plant with slender recurved stipe, having the habit of Mydnum auriscalpiunt. Pileus corky, orbicular, convex above, concave below, 2 2 * 0.3-0.5 cm.; surface smooth, pallid to bay-black, dull-avellaneous in type specimens, abruptly sulcate, radiate-rugose ; margin thin, acute, pallid, entire, sterile: context floccose, becoming indurate, very thin, white to avellaneous, scarcely a mm. thick ; tubes annual, 2-3 mm. long, pallid to avellaneous within, young and but partially developed in type specimens, mouths angular, minute, 8-9 to amm., pallid to avellaneous, edges thin, entire: spores not examined : stipe lateral, umbo- nate-affixed, long, slender, flexuose, twisted as though twining, recurved at the apex, pallid to chestnut, encrusted, dull-avellaneous in type specimens, 2 X 0.4-0.8 cm. TYPE LOCALITY: San José, Costa Rica. HasiTaT: Dead trunks. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type pce ILLUSTRATION: E. & P. Nat. Pfl. D¥*: f/f 88 c. 8. Amauroderma subrenatum Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus lateral, reniform, convex above, concave below, rigid when dry, 230.2 cm.; surface glabrous, rugose, slightly zonate, abruptly shallowly concentrically sulcate, avel- laneous to umbrinous, depressed behind; margin finely tomentose, zonate, pallid, rather thick : context white, thin, fibrous, 1 mm. thick; tubes not stratified, pale-isabelline when dry, 1-1.5 mm. long, mouths circular to hexagonal, regular, 4-5 to a mm., edges thick, entire, pale-avéllaneous: stipe long, slender, slightly flexuose at the base, erect above, cylindrical, equal, laterally attached, simple, umbrinous, opaque, firm and white within, 10 cm. long, 2 mm. thick. Type collected in British Honduras, on the ground, in 1906, Morton E. Peck. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 118 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME, 9 DOUBTFUL SPECIES Ganoderma guadelupense Pat. Bull, Soc. Myc. Fr. 15: 198. 1899. Collected by Duss in Guadeloupe, on dead trunks of various trees. Pileus 6-10 cm. broad; stipe 4-8 em. long. According to Bresadola, this species is not different from Ganoderma intermedium Bres, & Pat. 73. GANODERMA Karst. Rev. Myc. 3°: 17. 1881. Placodes Quél. Ench. Fung. 170. 1886. Hymenophore large, sessile or stipitate, perennial or annual, epixylous; surface sul- cate, covered with reddish-brown varnish: context punky, brown or pallid; tubes cylindri- cal, concolorous: spores ovoid, brown. Type species, Pomes lucidus Leys. Species confined to temperate regions. Species found on conifers: context white or nearly so, except near the tubes. Sporophore stipitate. Found on 7suga canadensis throughout its range. 1. G. Tsugae. Found on Picea sttkensis in Oregon. 2. G. ovegonense. Sporophore sessile. Found on Seguota giganiea in California ; crust of pileus remain- ing unbroken. 3. G. Seguoiae. Found on Picea in Nevada; crust of pileus soon rimose and fall- ing away in flakes. 4, G. nevadense. Species found on deciduous trees and palms: context light- to dark- brown. Context ochraceous to isabelline above, tawny next to the tubes. Sporophore sessile, pores large, usually 2 toa mm., greenish-gray when young ; species found in California and Arizona. 5. G. polychromum. Sporophore stipitate, often sessile, pores half as large; species found east of the Rocky Mountains. Sporophore perennial ; margin of pileus truncate at maturity. 6. Sporophore annual ; margin of pileus acute. 7. Context dark-bay throughout; sporophore sessile; species confined to the southeastern United States. Pileus zonate, even; tubes not stratified. Pileus suleate, azonate ; tubes stratified. Species confined to the tropics. Sporophore stipitate, rarely varying to sessile. Stipe very long and slender, 10-15 cm. 10. G. praelongum. Stipe short to medium. Surface of pileus narrowly multizonate. . Curtisit. . sessile, AQ G, zonatum. G. sulcatum. 30 00 Pileus and stipe chestnut-colored : context isabelline. 11. G. perzonatum. Pileus and stipe almost black : context dark-fulvous. 12. G. subfornicatum. Surface of pileus not narrowly multizonate, although more or less sulcate. Pileus very large, 20-50 cm. broad. 13. G. pulverulentum. Pileus of medium size, not exceeding 10 cm. in breadth. Context soon indurate, very hard, margin of pileus usually lobed. 14. G. stipttatum. Context soft and punky, margin not lobed. Surface shining, yellowish-red to bay or dark-brown ; tubes 3-5 mm. long. 15. G. subincrustatum., Surface not shining, avellaneous to dull-castaneous ; tubes 5-10 mm. long. 16. G. argillaceum. Sporophore sessile, never truly stipitate. Pileus small, less than 3 cm. broad. 17. G. parvulum. Pileus medium to large, 8-30 cm. broad. Surface scaly and glistening like mica from the excess of resin ; hymenium white when young. 18. G. nitidum. Surface normally laccate, tuberculose ; hymenium cream-colored when young. 19. G. tuberculosum. 1. Ganoderma Tsugae Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 29: 601. 1902. A conspicuous reddish-chestnut fungus growing on dead or dying hemlock. Pileus corky to woody, fan-shaped, convex above, concave below, 4-20 * 5-25 & 1-4 cm.; surface glabrous, uneven, concentrically sulcate, laccate, lustrous, yellowish-red to mahogany- colored, at length black; margin light-yellow, acute, becoming concolorous, truncate, and marked with many shallow furrows, often undulate and at times more or less lobed: con- text soft-corky, radiate-fibrous, white or nearly so, 1-3 cm. thick; tubes annual, 0.5-0.75 Part 2, 1908] POLYPORACEAH 119 cm. long, 4-6 to a mm., brown within, mouths circular or polygonal, white to light-cinna- mon, edges obtuse, becoming acute: spores ovoid, obtuse at the summit, attenuate. and truncate at the base, verrucose, yellowish-brown, 9-11 X 6-8: stipe lateral, ascending, frequently forked, cylindrical, equal, 2-20 X 1-4 cm., resembling the pileus in color, surface and context. TYPE LOCALITY: New York City. HasitTaT: On decaying trunks, stumps and roots of Tsuga canadensis. DISTRIBUTION: Nova Scotia to Virginia and west to Minnesota. ILLUSTRATION: Atk. Mushrooms f/. 66. 1900 2. Ganoderma oregonense Murrill, sp. nov. Pileug reniform, corky, rigid, convex above, plane below, 10175 cm.; surface glabrous, thinly encrusted, smooth, laccate, very lustrous, bay to black, with a deep groove near the margin, which is cream-colored, rounded, smooth, entire, finely tomentose: context punky, white to slightly discolored, homogeneous, with white lines of mycelium near the stipe, 2-3.5 cm. thick; tubes annual, 1 cm. long, avellaneous within, mouths circular to angular, 3 to a mm., edges thin, entire, white to avellaneous: stipe lateral, very thick, short, subcylindrical, 2-4 cm. long, 3-6 cm. thick, expanding into the pileus, which it resembles in color, surface and context. Type collected near Seaside, Oregon, on an old log of Picea sitchensis, during the summer of 1905, by an unknown collector. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 3. Ganoderma Sequoiae Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus soft, tough, dimidiate, compressed-ungulate, subimbricate, convex above, con- caye below, 8145 cm.; surface at length glabrous, laccate, thinly encrusted, very uneven, undulate, concentrically sulcate near the margin, shining bay to nearly black; margin ochraceous, smooth, undulate, subacute: context punky, homogeneous, cremeous above, fulvous immediately adjoining the tubes, 2 cm. thick behind; tubes indistinctly stratified, 5-20 mm. long, grayish-fuscous to fulvous within, mouths circular to angular, rather large, irregular, 1-2 toa mm., edges thin, entire, cremeous to umbrinous, chestnut- colored when bruised. Type collected at Sequoia cafion, California, on a redwood trunk, December 28, 1902, Alice Eastwood 40. . DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 4. Ganoderma nevadense Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus soft-corky, very large, thin, applanate, dimidiate, 15-20 < 30-40 X 3-5 cm.; surface bay to black, sublustrous, laccate, thinly encrusted, the crust becoming cracked and falling off in flakes, leaving a glistening white membrane; margin nearly white, thin: context punky, homogeneous, white to straw-colored, subfulvous next to the tubes, 1-2.5 em. thick; tubes perennial, 5-15 mm. long each season, fulvous within, mouths circular to angular, 2 to a mm., edges thin, becoming lacerate, white to fulvous. Type collected at Marlette Lake, Nevada, on a dead spruce trunk, August 15, 1902, C. & Baker 1489. . DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 5. Ganoderma polychromum (Copel.) Murrill. Polyporus polychromus Copel. Ann. Myc. 2: 507. 1904. Sporophore solitary or superimposed; pileus reniform, soft, 461-2 cm.; surface glabrous, thinly encrusted, azonate, uneven, laccate, sublustrous, fulvous to bay; margin obtuse, cremeous, sterile, uneven: context fulvous, darker below, homogeneous, punky, slightly zonate, 1 cm. thick; tubes annual, 5-10 mm. long, avellaneous within, mouths large, angular, irregular, 2-4 to a mm., edges thin, uneven, greenish-white to grayish- fuscous : spores obovate, subfuscous, 7-10“. TyprE LOCALITY: Searsville, California. ; HAaBItaT: Decayed trunks of Quercus and Salix. DISTRIBUTION: California and Nevada. 120 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VorLuME 9 6. Ganoderma Curtisii (Berk.) Murrill. Polyporus Curtisii Berk. Hook. Jour. Bot. 1: 101. 1849. Pileus corky to woody, reniform, convex above, concave below, 5-10 & 8-15 & 1-2 cm. ; surface glabrous, ochraceous to latericeous or bay, at first laccate, the varnish soon disap- pearing, broadly sulcate; margin obtuse to truncate, sulcate, ochraceous, entire, glabrous context soft-corky, zonate, ochraceous above, fulvous below, 5 mm. thick; tubes perennial, indistinctly stratified, 5-8 mm. long each season, avellaneous-umbrinous within, mouths circular to slightly angular, 3-5 to a mm., edges entire, white or cremeous, becoming umbrinous: spores ovoid, attenuate and truncate at the base, yellowish-brown, verrucose, 9-11 5-6: stipe usually excentric or lateral, erect or ascending, equal, or slightly enlarged above, cylindrical, bay, laccate, the substance similar to the context and darker at the center, 5-10 & 2-3 cm. TYPE LOCALITY: South Carolina. ‘ Hasirat : Stumps and trunks of oak, sweet gum, maple, and other deciduous trees. DISTRIBUTION : New York to Florida and west to Texas. . a Exsiccatr: Rav. Fungi Am. J, 47; Rab.-Wint. Fungi Eur. 3470; Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 302. 7. Ganoderma sessile Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 29: 604. 1902. A variable plant with wrinkled varnished cap and acute margin, found on decaying deciduous trees. Pileus corky to woody, dimidiate, sessile or stipitate, imbricate or connate at times, conchate to fanshaped, thickest behind, thin at the margin, 5-15 & 7-25 X 1-3 em.; surface glabrous, laccate, shining, radiate-rugose, concentrically sulcate, yellow to reddish- chestnut, at length opaque, dark-brown usually marked near the margin with alternating bay and tawny zones; margin usually very thin and acute, often curved downward, often undulate, rarely becoming truncate, white, at length concolorous: context soft-corky or woody, radiate-fibrous, concentrically banded, ochraceous-fulvous; tubes 0.5-2 cm. long, 3-5 to a mm., brown within, mouths circular or angular, white or grayish-brown, edges thin, entire: spores ovoid, obtuse at the summit, attenuate and truncate at the base, ver- rucose, yellowish-brown, 9-11 * 6-8: stipe laterally attached, usually ascending, irregu- larly cylindrical, 14 0.5-1.5 cm., resembling the pileus in color, surface and substance, often obsolete. TYPE LOCALITY: New York. HaBitTaT: On decaying wood of deciduous trees. DISTRIBUTION: Connecticut to Missouri, Alabama, and Louisiana. ExsiccaTi: Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 202. 8. Ganoderma zonatum Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 29: 606. 1902. A soft laccate fungus of medium size marked with numerous tawny and chestnut-colored zones. Pileus very soft-corky, sessile, dimidiate, applanate or convex above, concave below; surface glabrous, zonate, not sulcate, 571.5 cm.; margin velvety, acute, becoming obtuse and concolorous : context very soft, floccose, radiate-fibrous, concentrically banded, 0.5 cm. thick, chocolate-brown : hymeniunt velvety, not stratose; tubes 1 cm. long, 3-4 to amm,, umbrinous within, mouths white to umbrinous, regular, polygonal, stuffed at first with whitish material, covered 0.5-2 cm. from the margin with yellowish or reddish var- nish; edges entire, obtuse to acute: spores elongate-ellipsoid, smooth, pale yellowish- brown, 8-10 X 4-6. TYPE LOCALITY: Florida. Hasitat: Decayed wood. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 9. Ganoderma sulcatum Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 29: 607. 1902. A large sessile plant without zones, but marked with a few conspicuous concentric fur- rows. Pileus corky, dimidiate, sessile or arising from a lateral tubercle, plane or convex above, thickest behind, 8X 112 cm.; surface laccate, glabrous, azonate, fulvous to chest- Part 2, 1908] POLYPORACEKAK 121 nut, deeply sulcate; margin rounded, velvety, ochroleucous, at length concolorous: con- text very soft, floccose, radiate-fibrous, concentrically banded, 1 cm. thick, umbrinous- chestnut; tubes indistinctly stratified, 1.25 cm. long, 4-5 to a mm., umbrinous within, mouths whitish or yellowish, at length umbrinous, dissepiments entire, obtuse: spores ellipsoid, pale yellowish-brown, smooth, 8-10 K 4-64. TYPE LOCALITY : Florida. HAaBITaT: On soft palmetto logs and dead standing trunks. DISTRIBUTION: Georgia and Florida. 10. Ganoderma praelongum Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus corky, orbicular to fan-shaped, plane above, convex to plane below, prominently umbonate behind when young, 4-6 X 5-8 1.5-3 cm.; surface glabrous, at length rugose and slightly sulcate, laccate, lustrous, castaneous to bay; margin ochraceous, thin, sterile, sometimes proliferous: context punky, homogeneous, isabelline with a fulvous line adjoin- ing the tubes, 1-2 cm. thick; tubes annual, 1 cm. long, umbrinous within, mouths angular, 3-4 toamm., edges thin, uneven, white to avellaneous, becoming umbrinous when bruised : spores ovoid, dark-brown, 85; hyphae subhyaline, 4: stipe lateral, ascending, cylin- drical, enlarged above, 10-15 & 1-2 cm., glabrous, laccate, castaneous to nearly black, with substance like that of the pileus except for lines of white mycelium at the center. Type collected at Alto Cedro, Cuba, on dead wood beneath a large stump in a clearing, March 19, 1905, FS. Harle &@ W. A. Murrill 536. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 11. Ganoderma perzonatum Murrill, sp. nov. Sporophores usually clustered; pileus rigid, corky, fan-shaped, thin, concave below, with a prominent umbo behind, 5-9 X 4-8 X 0.5-1 cm.; surface at length glabrous, laccate, subshining, thinly encrusted, 2-3 times shallowly sulcate, densely zonate, zones conspicu- ously marked with white and bay; margin subobtuse, free behind, undulate to lobed, shin- ing latericeous to bay, often forming a border beneath encircling the hymenium: context soft-corky, multizonate, avellaneous, fulvous next to the tubes, 3-5 mm. thick ; tubes indis- tinctly stratified, 3-5 mm. long each season, avellaneous within, becoming grayish in the older layers because of the white mycelium that fills them, mouths circular to slightly angular, whitish-stuffed wften young, regular, 3-4 toa mm., edges nearly white to grayish- avellaneous, finally umbrinous with age: spores ovoid, brown, 8 X 6“; hyphae brown, Su: stipe tubercular, umbonate-affixed, often branched, slightly darker than the pileus, 0.5-1 % 0.5-1.5 em. Type collected at Santiago de las Vegas, Cuba, on a mango log, November 8, 1904, &. S. Earle DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 12. Ganoderma subfornicatum Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus nearly circular, rigid, nearly plane above and below, 8 9-11 & 2-3 cm.; surface glabrous, uneven, many times concentrically sulcate, finally zonate, radiate-rugose, dark bay-brown, laccate, shining; margin truncate, concolorous, free behind : context thin, with horny radiations, slightly zonate, fulvous, 5-10 mm. thick; tubes perennial, long and slender, 1 cm. in length each season, smoky-fuliginous, mouths circular, 4 toa mm., stuffed when young, edges obtuse to acute, entire, fuliginous: spores globose, smooth, brown, 44; hyphae 54: stipe sublateral, umbonate-affixed, scutate at the base, compressed, 3-7 1.5- 2.5 cm., expanding into the pileus, which it resembles in color, surface and context. Type collected in British Honduras, on dead wood, in 1906, Morion E. Peck. DISTRIBUTION : British Honduras. 13. Ganoderma pulverulentum Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus rigid, corky, dimidiate to fan-shaped, applanate, subimbricate, usually very large, 10-20 15-30 2-5 cm.; surface glabrous, laccate, lustrous, latericeous to bay, becoming dull-brown with age, broadly sulcate, azonate, uneven, at times proliferous; margin cretmeous, pulverulent, subacute, rarely rounded, smooth, undulate to lobed: con- 122 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VOLUME 9 text punky, zonate, isabelline to umbrinous above, dark-fulvous to bay below, 5-10 mm. thick ; tubes perennial, 5-10 mm. long each season, avellaneous within, mouths angular, 4 to amm.,, citrinous-melleous, becoming darker with age, umbrinous when bruised, entirely covered at first with a creamy-white powder, which easily rubs off on the fingers, edges acute, entire: spores ovoid, brown, 9X5y; hyphae 4“: stipe short, often obsolete, sub- cylindrical, excentric to lateral, 2-3 < 2-3 cm., expanding above, surface laccate, glabrous, bay to nearly black, darker than the pileus, context punky, dark-fulvous. Type collected in Grenada, West Indies, on dry manchineel, September 4, 1905, HE. Broadway. DISTRIBUTION: Grenada. 14. Ganoderma stipitatum Murrill. Fomes stipitatus Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 30: 229. 1903. A plant of medium size with short evanescent lateral stipe, shining reddish-chestnut crust, and broad white thin margin. Pileus exceedingly hard and horny, flat and triangular or somewhat circular when young, becoming dimidiate with ungulate center and thin spread- ing margin, which is usually lobed and often deeply cleft, hymenium normally plane, but frequently convex because of the upturned margin, 5103 cm.; surface glabrous, varnished, reddish-chestnut, with numerous shallow concentric furrows, becoming shining- black and at length dull smoky-brown ; margin broad, flat, glabrous, obtuse, 3 mm. thick, crenate to cleft, sterile portion 0.5 cm. wide, white: context hard, woody, 0.5-1 cm. thick, pale-ochraceous, with strands of dark-brown shining horny substance extending from the stipe to the margin in a tree-like fashion; tubes plainly though unevenly stratified, 2-4 mm. long each season, 4-5 toa mm., grayish-brown within, mouths circular, white or very pale-yellow, edges thick, obtuse, entire: spores broadly ovoid with attenuate base, light yellowish-brown, smooth, 3.55: stipe lateral, 11 cm., cylindrical, equal, glabrous, shining-black to dull-brown, with substance like the context, apparently absorbed or overgrown as the pileus enlarges. TYPE LOCALITY: Nicaragua. HasitTat: Dead wood. : DISTRIBUTION: British Honduras ; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Grenada. 15. Ganoderma subincrustatum Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus corky, circular to fan-shaped, plane above, 4-8 X 6-8 & 1-2 cm.; surface glabrous, shallowly sulcate, slightly zonate, laccate, lustrous, yellowish-red to bay or dark-brown ; margin cream-colored, sterile, finely tomentose, obtuse to subacute, undulate to lobed: context punky to soft-corky, slightly zonate, homogeneous, isabelline, slightly darker next to the tubes, fulvous with age, 1 cm. thick; tubes annual, 3-5 mm. long, avellaneous within, mouths circular to slightly angular, whitish-stuffed, 4 to a mm., edges obtuse, entire, stramineous, becoming thinner and very pale-avellaneous: spores ellipsoidal, dark- brown, 8X4; hyphae brown, 5: stipe central to lateral, cylindrical, subequal, 1-5 cm. long, 1-2 cm. thick, resembling the pileus in surface and context, but almost black in color, + Type collected at Hope Gardens, Jamaica, on a logwood stump, October 26, 1902, #. S. Earle DISTRIBUTION: British Honduras and Jamaica. 16. Ganoderma argillaceum Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus corky, dimidiate to circular, plane above, usually convex below, 5-10 & 8-12 « 2-4 cm.; surface glabrous, rugose, not conspicuously marked, laccate, but not lustrous, avellaneous to dull chestnut-colored; margin cream-colored, broad, subobtuse to acute, straight, entire: context punky, concentrically banded, isabelline above, fulvous below, 5-10 mm. thick ; tubes annual, 5-10 mm. long, avellaneous within, mouths angular, 3-4 to amm., edges thin, subentire, white to avellaneous, reddish-brown when bruised : spores ovoid, dark-brown, 12 7; hyphae 4: stipe central to lateral, short, often wanting, Part 2, 1908] POLYPORACEAE 123 smooth, glabrous, laccate, lustrous, bay to black, 1-2 *1 cm., substance corky, otherwise like that of the pileus. i" Type collected at Santiago de las Vegas, Cuba, on a dead mango log, July 5, 1904, #. S. Earle 65: DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 17. Ganoderma parvulum Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 29: 605. 1902. A very small sessile fungus, shining-bay above and honey-yellow below. Pileus woody, nearly circular in outline, attached by a point, convex above, plane or convex below, thickest behind, 2 2.5 X 1 cm.; surface glabrous, laccate, azonate, slightly tubercular, very lightly marked witha few concentric furrows ; margin acute: context soft-woody, pale-ochraceous, 0.5 cm. thick, with dark horny radiations from the point of attachment ; tubes not stratified, 3mm. long, 5 to a mm., umbrinous within, mouths polygonal, honey-yellow, edges entire, obtuse: spores subglobose, smooth, pale yellowish-brown, 4X 5. TYPE LOCALITY : Nicaragua. HasitatT: Decayed wood. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 18. Ganoderma nitidum Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus corky, woody, dimidiate or nearly circular, applanate, rarely ungulate or co- lumnar by accretion with age, convex above, slightly concave below, 6-10 X 8-16 « 1.5-7 em.; surface glabrous, abundantly sulcate, laccate, shining, bay to brownish-black, flaky from the excess of resin exuded; margin ochraceous, subobtuse, undulate to lobed, the new growth often forming a broad lustrous band bordering the hymenium: context very thin, punky, bay, homogeneous, 1-3 mm. thick ; tubes stratified, very long and slender, 1.5-2.5 cm., umbrinous to fuliginous within, mouths circular to slightly angular, stuffed with whitish mycelium when young,.edges obtuse to very thin and uneven, white to umbrinous. Type collected in the forests of Rio Esperanza, Puerto Sierra, Honduras, on dead trunks, February 28, 1903, P. Wilson 607. DISTRIBUTION : Honduras. 19. Ganoderma tuberculosum Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus rigid, dimidiate to reniform, applanate, 7-15 * 12-30 2-4 cm.; surface gla- brous, laccate, shining, many times shallowly sulcate, radiate-rugose, roughly tuberculose, especially in large specimens, usually umbonate behind, bay to dull-brown with age; margin cremeous to fulvous, glabrous, slightly undulate, subobtuse to truncate with age: context punky to soft-corky, isabelline above, fulvous below, castaneous with age, homogeneous, 5-10 mm. thick; tubes perennial, indistinctly stratified, 1-2.5 cm. long, avellaneous within, slightly darker with age, mouths circular, 4 to a mm., not stuffed when young, edges obtuse, cream-colored, at length thin and darker in color: spores ovoid, dark-brown, 8X6; hyphae dark-brown, 6p. Type collected in British Honduras, on dead wood, in 1906, Morton E. Peck. DISTRIBUTION : British Honduras. DOUBTFUL SPECIES Fomes nitens Fries, Epicr. Myc. 463. 1838. Type collected on trunks in tropical America. Pileus large, sessile, semiglobose, chestnut to black, shining, hanging by a process behind: context umbrinous; tubes very long and slender. .Authentic material not found. . Fomes incrustatus Fries, Nov. Symb. 60. 1851. Type collected in Costa Rica by Oersted. Pileus 5-7 cm. broad, duil-umbrinous, laccate: context scanty, pallid; tubes con- colorous; stipe central, torulose, unequal. Authentic material not found. 124 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 9 Fomes neglectus Pat. Jour. de Bot. 1: 169. 1887. Type collected on ‘trunks in Nica- ragua on the North Pacific exploring expedition. Pileus sessile, 8-10 cm. broad, reddish- black, shining: context brown; tubes white, very short: spores globose, yellow, roughly echinulate, 11-12. The type at Paris is much contorted and very poor, so that it is im- possible to locate the species definitely without additional material. 74, CERRENA (Micheli) S. F. Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 1: 649. 1821. Phyllodontia Karst. Hedwigia 22: 163. 1883. Hymenophore small, epixylous, sessile, conchate, annual; surface anoderm, hairy or subglabrous, zonate or sulcate: context thin, white, fibrous, flexible; hymenium at first labyrinthiform, soon becoming irpiciform from the splitting of the dissepiments: spores smooth, hyaline. . Type species, Sistofrema cinereum Pers. Surface of pileus conspicuously villose-strigose. 1. C._unicolor. Surface of pileus minutely fibrillose to glabrous. 2. C. stereoides. 1. Cerrena unicolor (Bull.) Murrill, Jour. Myc. 9: 91. 1903.. Boletus unicolor Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. #08. 1788. Boletus decipiens Schrad. Spic. Fl. Germ. 169. 1794. Ststotrema cinereum Pers. Syn. Fung. 551. 1801. * Daedalea unicolor Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 336. 1821. Phyllodontia Magnusti Karst. Hedwigia 22: 163._ 1883. (Type from Berlin.) ? Daedalea tortuosa Cragin, Bull. Washburn Lab. Nat. Hist. 1: 26. 1884. (Type from Kansas.) Pileus coriaceous, sessile, imbricate, dimidiate to flabelliform, conchate, often laterally confluent, 2.5-3.5 X 5-10 0.1-0.3 cm.; surface villose-strigose, rugose, zonate, plicate, isabelline to fulvous, becoming avellaneous with age and blackish and nearly glabrous behind; margin acute, undulate to lobed, paler, zonate, strigose-tomentose: context very thin, membranaceous, white, homogeneous, scarcely 1 mm. thick; tubes decurrent, laby- rinthiform, 1-3 mm. long, white or isabelline to fuliginous or umbrinous, averaging 2 toa mm., edges acute, uneven, soon becoming dentate-lacerate, giving the hymenium an irpici- form appearance: spores ovoid, smooth, hyaline, 4-6 XK 3-4; hyphae 3-5“; cystidia none. TYPE LOCALITY: France. Haspitat: Dead deciduous wood of various kinds. DISTRIBUTION : North temperate zone. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. Herb. Fr, f/. 408, 501; Bolt. Hist. Fung. App. Al. 167; Sow. Engl. Fungi pl. 325. Exsiccati: Arcang. Erb. Crit. Ital. II. 723, Westend. & Wall. Herb. Crypt. 2285; Sydow, Myc. Mar. 1204, 3425; Roum. Fungi Gall. 2906; Desmaz. Pl. Crypt. 466; Thiim. Fungi Austr. 727, 818, 1009; Krieger, Fungi Sax. 223; Linhart, Fungi Hung. 249, Roum. Fungi Sel. 6728, 6820 ; Romell, Fungi Scand. 6; Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 924; Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 210; Shear, N. Y. Fungi c 2 am Fungi Rossiae 77; Beck, Krypt. Exs. 3/3; Rab.-Wint. Fungi Eur. 3738; Rav. ungi Car. 4, : 2. Cerrena stereoides (Fries) Murrill. Daedalea stereoides Fries, Nov. Symb. 99. 1851. ; Pileus coriaceous, flexible, dimidiate or flabelliform, umbonate-affixed, applanate, 2X 2-3 X0.1-0.2 cm.; surface pale-isabelline, concentrically lineate or slightly grooved, fibrillose to glabrous; margin very acute, straight, pallid, undulate or slightly lobed: context thin, white to pallid, membranous; tubes 1-1.5 mm. long, white to pallid within, soon becoming irpiciform, mouths 1-2 to a mm., irregular, at first daedaleoid, soon split- ting into sharp, slender, forked teeth, which are at first white or yellowish, becoming avellaneous-isabelline and glistening: spores not examined; hyphae 2-4 y. TYPE LOCALITY: San José, Costa Rica. HapitraT: Dead trunks. DISTRIBUTION: Costa Rica; also in Brazil. 75. DAEDALEA Pers. Syn. Fung. 499. 1801. Daedaleopsis Schrét. Krypt. Fl, Schles. 3: 492, 1888, Hymenophore epixylous, usually large and annual, sessile, applanate to ungulate; surface anoderm, glabrous, often zonate: context white or wood-colored, rigid, woody or Parr 2, 1908] POLYPORACEAE 125 punky: hymenium normally labyrinthiform, but varying to lamellate and porose in some species: spores smooth, hyaline. Type species, Agaricus quercinus Ly. Tubes one to several millimeters in transverse diameter ; surface usually brown or discolored. Pileus thick, triangular, margin obtuse. ‘ Context isabelline ; found on oak and chestnut. 1. D. quercina. Context white ; found on red cedar and very rare. 2. D, juniperina. Pileus thin, applanate, margin thin. Pileus very large, 15 cm. or more broad ; confined to the tropics. 3. D. Sprucet, Pileus less than 10 cm. broad; more abundant in temperate regions. 4. D. confragosa. Tubes less than one half millimeter in transverse diameter; surface white or yellowish. Pileus reniform, rigid, usually azonate ; plants found in the southern states. 5. D. Aesculz. Pileus thin, flexible, variously shaped, usually multizonate ; plants confined to the tropics. 6. D. amanitotdes. 1. Daedalea quercina (1,.) Pers. Syn. 500. 1801. Agaricus quercinus L,, Sp. Pl. 1176. 1753. Agaricus labyrinthiformis Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 352. 1787. Polyporus latissimus Fries, Obs. Myc. 1: 128. 1815. Daedalea quercina nigricans Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 333. 1821. ? Daedalea plumbea Lév. Ann. Sci. Nat. ITI. 5: 302. 1846. (Type from New York.) ? Trametes kansensis Cragin, Bull. Washburn Lab. Nat. Hist. 1: 24. 1884. (Type from Kansas.) ‘Pileus corky, rigid, dimidiate, sessile, imbricate, applanate, convex below, triangular in section, 6-12 9-20 & 2-4 cm.; surface isabelline-avellaneous to cinereous or smoky- black with age, slightly sulcate, zonate at times, tuberculose to colliculose in the older portions; margin usually thin, pallid, glabrous: context isabelline, soft-corky, homoge- neous, 5-7 mm. thick ; tubes labyrinthiform, becoming nearly lamellate with age in some specimens, 1-2 cm. long, 1-2 mm. broad, chalk-white or discolored within, edges obtuse, entire, ochraceous to avellaneous. TYPE LOCALITY : France. Hasitat: Stumps, trunks and timbers of oak and chestnut. DISTRIBUTION: Temperate North America; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Sow, Engl. Fungi p/. 787; Bull. Herb. Fr. loc. cit, ExsiccaTi: Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 325; Beck, Krypt. Exs. 312; Roum. Fungi Sel. 102, Krieger, Fungi Sax. 762, Linhart, Fungi Hung, 537; Allesch. & Schn. Fungi Bavar. 47; Sydow, Myc. Mar. 207; Desmaz. Pl. Crypt. 465. 2. Daedalea juniperina Murrill. A garicus Juniperinus Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 85. 1905, Sporophore corky, sessile, attached by a broad, often decurrent, base, and composed of imbricate, terraced or laterally connate, ungulate pilei 2-5 X 2-7 1.5-3 cm.; surface irregular, anoderm, finely tomentose, yellowish-white, becoming cinereous with age ; marginal edge fertile, concolorous, not rounded, but often forming an obtuse angle: con- text corky, white, concentrically banded, 0.5-1 cm. thick ; furrows large, labyrinthiform, radially, rarely otherwise, elongate, 0.5-2 cm. long, 1-3 mm. wide, white or pallid, edges obtuse, often splitting into broad irpictform plates: spores smooth, hyaline, ovoid, 34x 5-6; hyphae hyaline, 5-7 #; cystidia none. TYPE LOCALITY: Rockport, Kansas. HABITAT: Dead stumps and trunks of red cedar. DISTRIBUTION : Missouri and Kansas. 3. Daedalea Sprucei Berk. Jour. Bot. & Kew Misc. 8: 236. 1856. Lenzites distantifolia Romell, Bih. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Handl. 26 (3)16: 12. 1901. (Type from Matto Grosso, Brazil.) Pileus corky, flexible, very large, applanate, concave below, dimidiate to fan-shaped, thicker behind, 10-20 X 15-30 X1-2.5 cm.; surface multizonate, slightly furrowed, finely tomentose to glabrous, rugose, sometimes tuberculose, dark-avellaneous or umbrinous, becoming blackish behind; margin thin, zonate, pallid: context zonate, soft-corky, isabel- line, nearly fulvous when dry, 3-5 mm. thick; tubes daedaleoid, becoming irpiciform, white within, unctuous to the touch, 2-3 mm. broad, 1~2 cm. deep, edges thick, firm, soon split- 126 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLumE 9 ting into flattened teeth, isabelline to fulvous or fuliginous: spores globose, smooth, brownish, 4-6”; hyphae brownish, 4-7; cystidia none. TYPE LOCALITY: Panuré, Brazil. HABITAT: Dead trunks of trees. DISTRIBUTION: Mexico; also in British Guiana and Brazil. ILLUSTRATION: Romell, Joc. cit. fp]. 1, f. L. EXSICCATI: Smith, Centr. Am. Fungi 144. 4. Daedalea confragosa (Bolt.) Pers. Syn. 501. 1801. Boletus confragosus Bolt. Hist. Fung. Suppl. 3: 160. 1791. Daedalea rubescens Alb. & Schw. Consp. Fung. 238. 1805. : . Daedalea albida Schw. Schr. Nat. Ges. Leipzig 1: 93. 1822. Not D. albida Fries. Daedalea zonata Schw. Schr. Nat. Ges. Leipzig 1: 94. 1822. 7 ?Daedalea subtomentosa Schw. Schr. Nat. Ges. Leipzig 1: 94. 1822. (Type from North Carolina.) Daedalea discolor Fries, Elench. Fung. 68. 1828. (Type from Carolina.) Daedalea discolor Klotzsch, Linnaea 8: 481. 1833. . Daedalea corrugata Klotzsch, Linnaea 8: 481. 1833. (Type from boreal North America.) Ivametes rubescens Fries, Epicr. Myc. 492. 1836. ‘ Lenztites Klotzschtt Berk. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 7: 452. 1841. (Type from boreal North America.) Lenzites Crataegt Berk. Lond. Jour. Bot. 6: 323. 1847. (Type from Ohio. ) Lenzttes bicolor Fries, Nov. Symb. 43. 1851. (Type from Mexico.) Lenziles Cookeit Berk. Grevillea 4: 161. 1876. (Type from New York.) Lenzites proxima Berk. Grevillea4: 162. 1876. (Type from New York.) Agaricus confragosus Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 86. 1905. Pileus corky to woody, imbricate, sessile, dimidiate, convex or plane above, variable in size, 2-7°>< 3-10 X 0.5-1.5 cm.; surface multizonate, rugose, scrupose, often tuberculose, becoming glabrous, isabelline or avellaneous to latericeous-fuscous ; margin thin, entire to lobed, pallid, fertile, dark-brown when bruised: context corky to woody, white to avel- laneous, zonate, 3-10 mm. thick; tubes very variable, porose or labyrinthiform, often becoming lamellate with age, 0.5-1.5 mm. broad, 5-10 mm. deep, white or avellaneous within, mouths grayish-pruinose when young, becoming umbrinous or reddish-fuscons, edges thin, becoming lacerate-dentate and often fimbriate, turning at once to yellowish- brown when bruised: spores smooth, hyaline, cylindrical to ellipsoid, 5-8 & 2-34; hyphae hyaline or brownish, 4“; cystidia none. TYPE LOCALITY: Fixby-Hall, Halifax, England. Hapsitat : Various forms of dead deciduous wood. DISTRIBUTION : North America; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bolt. Halifax Fung. Suppl. #/. 160; Alb. & Schw. Consp. Fung. f/. 11, f. 2. EXSICCATI: Rav. Fungi Am. 4/6; Rab.-Wint. Fungi Eur. 3530; Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 1924, 1925, 1926, 1927, 1928 ; Rav. Fungi Car. 75; Shear, N. Y. Fungi @. 5. Daedalea Aesculi (Schw.) Murtrill. Boletus Aesculi-flavae Schw. Schr. Nat, Ges. Leipzig 1: 96. 1822. Polyporus Aescult Fries, Elench. Fung. 99. 1828. Trametes incana Berk. Lond. Jour. Bot. 4: 305. 1845. (Type from Ohio.) Not 7. ‘ncana Lév. Daedalea ambigua Berk. Lond. Jour. Bot. 4: 305. 1845. (Type from Ohio.) ? Daedalea pallidofulva Berk. Lond. Jour. Bot. 6: 322. 1847. (Type from Ohio.) Trametes ambigua Fries, Nov. Symb. 96. 1851. Lenzites glaberrima Berk. & Curt. Grevillea 1: 34. 1872. (Type from South Carolina.) Daedalea glaberrima Berk. & Curt. Grevillea 1: 67. 1872. (Type from South Carolina.) Trametes Berkeleyt Cooke, in Sacc. Syll. Fung. 9: 194. 1891. “(Type from Ohio.) Trametes lactea Fries. Nov. Symb. 96. 1851. (Type from Carolina.) Agaricus Aescul: Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 89. 1905, Pileus corky, hard, reniform, sessile or spurious{y stipitate, simple, applanate, 8-12 10-20 x 0.5-1.5 cm.; surface glabrous, smooth, azonate, polished, milk-white to yellowish, sometimes purplish-black with age; margin rather thin, white, entire or undulate: context floccose, zonate, white, 4-8 mm. thick; tubes varying from circular to labyrinthiform, minute, white, 3 toa mm. measured transversely, 4-6 mm. deep, edges thick, entire, white to isabelline: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 2-3”; hyphae hyaline, 7u; ceystidia none. TYPE LOCALITY: North Carolina. HapitaT: Dead trunks of deciduous trees. DISTRIBUTION : South Carolina to Missouri and south to Florida and Texas. ExsiccaTi: Rab.-Wint. Fungi Eur. 2334, Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 1593, Part 2, 1908] POLYPORACEAE 127 6. Daedalea amanitoides Beauv. Fl. Oware 1: 44. Af. 25. 1805. Daedalea elegans Spreng. Sv. Vet. Acad. Handl. 1820: 51. 1820.—Fries, Syst. Mye. 1. 335. 1821; Elench. Fung. 69. 1828. Daedalea Palisoti Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 335. 1821. Daedalea levis Hook.; Kunth, Syn. Pl. 1: (9). 1822. (Type from Surinam.) Daedalea repanda Pers.; Gaud. Voy. Freyc. Bot. 168. 1826. (Type from the Island of Rawak.)— Mont. Pl. Cell. Cuba 382. p/. 14, f. 4. 1842. ' : Daedalea deplanata Fries, Linnaea 5: 513. 1830. (Type from Brazil.) Daedalea applanata Klotzsch, Linnaea 8: 481. 1833. (Type from Mauritius.) Lenziles applanata Fries, Epicr. Myc. 404. 1838. Lenzites Palisoti Fries, Epicr. Myc. 404. 1838. Lenzites repanda Fries, Epicr. Myc. 404. 1838. Lenzites deplanata Fries, Epicr. Myc. 492. 1838. Trametes elegans Fries, Epicr. Myc. 492. 1838. (Type from Guadeloupe.) Lenziles platypoda Lév. Crypt. Bonite 184. 1846. (Type from Manila.) Trametes centralis Fries, Nov. Symb. 95. 1851. (Type from the West Indies.) Pileus very thin, very large, flexible, corky-woody, subsessile, usually attached by an orbicular peltate base, explanate, umbilicate, circular to fan-shaped, variable, 8-20 15-30 X 0.2-0.5 cm.; surface varying from entirely azonate to zonate, and from milk-white to partially avellaneous, glabrous, slightly sulcate, sometimes blackening behind with age ; margin thin, white, undulate to lobed: context milk-white, floccose, homogeneous, 2-4 mm. thick; tubes very variable in shape, circular to labyrinthiform and lamelloid, narrow, hardly exceeding 0.5 mm. in breadth, 2-3 mm. deep, white within, edges white to dis- colored, thin, uneven, dentate with age: spores oblong, smooth, hyaline, 5-8 2-34; hyphae, 3-44. TYPE LOCALITY: Wari, Africa. HasitatT: Dead deciduous wood. DISTRIBUTION : Tropical America ; also in old-world tropics. ILLUSTRATIONS: Beauv. Fl. Oware p/, 25, Afzel. Fung. Guin. gl. 11, f. 23. ExsiccaTr: Roum. Fungi Gall. 3205. DOUBTFUL SPECIES Daedalea violacea Lévy. Ann. Sci. Nat. III. 5: 142. 1846. Described from Cuba, and said by the author to be violet-colored on both surface and hymenium. Authentic speci- .mens have not been found. 76. LENZITES Fries, Gen. Hymen. 10. 1836. Hymenophore small, annual, epixylous, sessile, conchate; surface anoderm, usually zonate and tomentose: context white, coriaceous, flexible ; hymenium lamellate, the radiat- ing gill-like dissepiments connected transversely at times, especially in youth: spores smooth, hyaline. Type species, Daedalea betulina (1,.) Fries. Surface of the pileus conspicuously tomentose. Furrows 1-2 mm. broad, 3-10 mm. deep, soon becoming entirely lamellate ; found in temperate regions. 1. L. betulina. Furrows0.5-1 mm. broad, 2-3 mm. deep, anastomosing in front and behind, lamellae often porose; found in Mexico. 2. L. betuliniformis, Surface of the pileus finely pubescent ; found in Cuba. 3. L, cubensis, Surface of the pileus glabrous ; found in Jamaica. 4. L. Earlei. 1. Lenzites betulina (L.) Fries, Epicr. Myc. 405. 1838. Agaricus betulifus L. Sp. Pl. 1176. 1753. Daedatea betulina Rebent. Prodr. Fl. Neom. 371. 1804.— Fries, Obs. 1: 104. 1815. Daedalea betulina velutina Berk. Ann. Nat. Hist. 3: 381. 1839. Lenzites flaccida Fries, Epicr. Myc. 406. 1838. Lenzites variegata Fries, Epicr. Myc. 406. 1838. Lenzites Berkeleyi Lév. Ann. Sci. Nat. III. 5: 122. 1846. (Type from New York.) Te ee Berk. & Curt. Jour. Bot. & Kew Misc. 1: 101. 1849. (‘type from North Carolina.) Pileus thin, coriaceous, sessile, dimidiate to flabelliform, imbricate, conchate, 3-4 4-7 X 0.3-1 cm.; surface conspicuously tomentose, velvety, multizonate, somewhat uneven, often radiate-rugose to plicate, avellaneous with latericeous zones, becoming olivaceous with 128 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 9 age; margin thin, undulate to lobed at times: context very thin, white, membranous, scarcely a mm. thick; furrows slightly anastomosing when very young, 1-2 mm. broad, 3-10 mm. deep, edges thin, entire to undulate, slightly notched with age, cremeous within, ochroleucous to sordid-ochraceous without: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 6“; hyphae 8; cystidia none. TYPE LOCALITY: Sweden. HABITAT: Various forms of dead deciduous wood ; rarely on coniferous wood. DISTRIBUTION: Temperate North America; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATION: Sow. Engl. Fungi p/. 182. ExsiccaTi: Rav, Fungi Am. 4/5; Rav. Fungi Car. 14; Westend. & Wall. Herb. Crypt. 145; Rab.-Wint. Fungi Eur. 3529, Sydow, Myc. Mar. 3214, 4607 ; Roum. Fungi Gall. 2008 ; Karst. Finl. Fungi 722; Ellis, N. Am, Fungi2,; Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 702; Shear, N. Y. Fungi 25. 2. Lenzites betuliniformis Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus thin, coriaceous to woody, sessile, dimidiate, imbricate, conchate, 2-3 K 3-5 X 0.3-0.5 cm.; surface velvety, tomentose, narrowly multizonate, smooth, isabelline to avel- laneous, some of the zones slightly darker; margin thin, fertile, rarely lobed: context white, membranous, scarcely a mm. thick; furrows ochraceous within, frequently anasto- mosing both in front and behind and interrupted by pores and bifurcations, 0.5-1 mm. broad, 2-3 mm. deep, edges thin, undulate to lacerate, often porose. Type collected at Jalapa, Mexico, on dead wood, C. L. Smith 24. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. ' 3. Lenzites cubensis Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 303. 1868. Pileus rigid, corky to woody, dimidiate to flabelliform, applanate or convex, 4X6 0.3-0.5 cm.; surface subvelvety, zonate, rugose, finely tomentose, isabelline; margin thin, ochraceous, fertile: context soft-corky to membranous, 1-2 mm. thick, isabelline in type specimens; furrows repeatedly forked, 1 mm. broad, edges crenate or crisped, broad, concolorous. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. HABITAT: Dead wood. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 4, Lenzites Earlei Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus thin, dry, membranaceons, flexible, dimidiate, 350.5 cm.; surface glabrous, smooth, finely zonate, white; margin very thin, uneven, reddish-brown, multizonate, pel- lucid on the extreme border: context thin, white, membranous, scarcely a mm. thick ; furrows not anastomosing at the base, very narrow and long, porose or forked at the mar- gin, 0.3-0.5 mm. broad, 2-5 mm. deep, edges white, crisped, very thin, lacerate-fimbriate with age. Type collected at Port Antonio, Jamaica, on a fence post, November, 1902, F. le 52! DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. , Oe DOUBTFUL SPECIES Lenzites tenuts Lév. Ann. Sci. Nat. 5: 122. 1846. Type from Guadeloupe. Authentic material is to be seen at Paris, but this is insufficient to definitely locate or properly ‘ ; a s describe the species. Lenziles cubensis is probably its nearest known relative ; 77. GLOEOPHYLLUM Karst. Bidr. Finl. Nat. Folk 37: x, 79, 1882 Sesta Adans. Fam. 2:10; hyponym. 1763. , Serda Adans. Fam.2: 11; hyponym. 1763. Lenzitina Karst. Finl. Basidsv. 337. 1889. Hymenophore small, annual, epixylous, sessile; surface hair often zonate: context tough, brown ; hymenium normally quently poroid in some species: spores smooth, hyaline. Type species, Lenzites saepiaria Fries. y or glabrous, anoderm, lamelloid or daedaleoid, but fre- Par? 2, 1908] POLYPORACEAE 129 Hymenium lamelloid from the first ; pileus very thin, dry, flexible. Furrows 1 mm. or more broad, margin tomentose ; species tropical. 1. G. striatum. Furrows less than 1 mm. broad, margin broadly and conspicuously strigose ; on species known only from the Rocky Mountains. 2. G. abtetinellum. Hymenium not lamelloid from the first, but often becoming so with age; pileus thicker and usually rigid. Context avellaneous to umbrinous, furrows about 0.5 mm. broad. 3. G. trabeum. Context ferruginous to castaneous, furrows about 1 mm. broad. Surface hirsute. 4. G. hirsutum. Surface finely tomentose to glabrous. 5. G. Berkeleyi. 1. Gloeophyllum striatum (Sw.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 370. 1905. Agaricus striatus Sw. Prodr. 148. 1788.—Sw. Fl. Ind. Oce. 1920. 1806. Daedalea striata Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 334. 1821. Lenzites striata Fries, Epicr. Myc. 406. 1838. Lenziles protracia Fries, Nov. Symb. 45. 1851. (Type from Mexico.) Sesta striata Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 604. 1904. Pileus membranaceous, flexible, dry, dimidiate to flabelliform, conchate, sessile, some- times spuriously stipitate, imbricate, laterally connate and broadly attached or umbonate- affixed according to its position on the substratum, 2-6 X 5-8 X 0.3-0.5 cm.; surface anoderm, distinctly tomentose, zonate, opaque, isabelline to umbrinous or cinereous; margin very thin, fertile, undulate, eroded with age: context very thin, punky, scarcely a mm. thick in most specimens, umbrinous; tubes lamelloid from the first, avellaneous to umbrinous, furrows 1-1.5 mm. broad, 2-4 mm. deep, edges thin, entire to irregularly notched and splitting with age, especially behind: spores oblong, smooth, hyaline, 6-8 ~ 3-4 z. TYPE LOCALITY: Jamaica. HasBitatT: Dead wood of various kinds. DISTRIBUTION: Tropical America. Exsiccati: Roum. Fungi Gall. 4074. 2. Gloeophyllum abietinellum Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus thin, membranaceous, flexible, dry, dimidiate to reniform, laterally connate, applanate, 2-4 3-6 X 2-2.5 cm.; surface conspicuously tomentose, becoming nearly gla- brous behind, anoderm, densely zonate, smooth, avellaneous to fulvous; margin very thin, undulate or slightly lobed, broadly strigose until mature, fertile, pallid: context very thin, membranous, fulvous-fuliginous; tubes lamelloid from the first, avellaneous to fuliginous, 0.5-1 mm. broad, 2-3 mm. deep, edges thin, subentire, irregularly toothed with age. Type collected on logs in the Rocky Mountains in 1885, John Macoun 524. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 3. Gloeophyllum trabeum (Pers. ) Murrill. Agaricus trabeus Pers. Syn. Fung. xxix. 1801. Daedalea trabea Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 335. 1821. - Lenzites irabea Fries, Epicr. Myc. 406. 1838. . sadeicot| vialis Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 26: 67. 1874. (Type from New York, on rail- road ties.) Sesia pallidofulva Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 605. 1904. Gloeophylium patlidofulvum Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 370. 1905. Pileus corky, rather soft, dimidiate, sessile, laterally connate, plane or convex above, nearly plane below, 2 4-8 « 0.5-1 cm.; surface anoderm, tomentose, smooth or slightly tubercular, usually azonate, opaque, isabelline when fresh, becoming avellaneous to um- brinous and finally fuliginous behind, changing immediately to ferruginous or fulvous when bruised ; margin very thin, nearly entire, ochroleucous : context soft, punky, homogeneous, dull-umbrinous, 1-3 mm. thick; tubes annual, 24 mm. long, ochroleucous to isabelline within, mouths irregular, daedaleoid or radially elongate, averaging 0.5 mm. in width, edges uneven, isabelline to grayish-umbrinous or fulvous, the transverse walls often splitting with age and giving the hymenium a lamelloid appearance: spores cylindrical, smooth, hyaline, 9-12 & 3-44. ° 130 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VorumE 9 TYPE LOCALITY: Frankfurt, Germany. . : : HABITAT: Dead deciduous and coniferous wood, structural timber in particular, DISTRIBUTION : Temperate regions of North America and Europe. EXSICccaTI: Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 703 ; Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 209. 4. Gloeophyllum hirsutum (Schaeff.) Murrill, Jour. Myc. 9: 94. 1903. Lenzites, rhabarbarina Berk. & Curt. Ann, Mag. Nat. Hist. II. 12: 428. 1858. —Grevillea 1: 35. 1872. (Type from South Carolina.) Sesia hirsuta Murrill, Jour. Myc. 9: 88. 1903. Pileus hard, corky to woody, slightly flexible, imbricate, sessile, laterally connate, often decurrent, oblong-dimidiate to flabelliform, conchate, 2-3 X 4-8 X 0.3-1em.; surface zquate, strigose-tomentose, scrupose, anoderm, rather uneven, reddish-fulvous to fuliginous or um- brinous; margin rather thick, sterile, isabelline, undulate, finely tomentose, becoming acute and darker in age: context soft-corky, homogeneous, fulvous, about 2 mm. thick; tubes usually lamelloid, anastomosing when young, ochraceous to grayish-umbrinous, 0.5-1 mm. broad, 2-5 mm. deep, edges thin, undulate; in a poroid variety, tubes circular, regular, 2 to a mm., edges thick, firm, entire: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 8-12 3-44; basidia hyaline, 25-30 & 5-6; hyphae luteous, 2.5-34. TYPE LOCALITY: Bavaria. HasitaT: Dead coniferous wood. DISTRIBUTION : North Temperate zone. _ ILLUSTRATION: Sow. Engl. Fungi loc. ctt. : : EXsIccaTI: Roum. Fungi Gall. 855; Rab.-Wint. Fungi Eur. 2825, Allesch,. & Schn. Fungi Bavar. 434 ; Krieger, Fungi Sax. 69; Roum. Fungi Sel. 5402; Thiim. Myc. Univ. 2202 ; Desmaz. Pl, Crypt. 2255 ; Ellis & Ev. N, Am. Fungi 2505 ; Rav. Fungi Am. 208; Ellis, N. Am. Fungi Z; Rav. Fungi Car. 7. 5. Gloeophyllum Berkeleyi (Sacc.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 370. 1905. Daedalea rhabarbarina Berk. & Cooke, Grevillea 6: 130. 1877. Not D. rhabarbarina Mont. Daedalea Berkeleyt Sacc. Syll. Fung. 6: 381. 1888. ? Lenztles endothaea Pat. Jour. de Bot. 3: 165. 1889. (Type from the island of La Trinité, South America.) ? Daedalea Burserae Pat. Jour. de Bot. 3: 341. 1889. (Type from Martinique, on rotten wood of Bursera gunimifera.) Daedalea jamaicensis P. Henn. Hedwigia 37: 281. 1898. (Type from Port Antonio, Jamaica, on dead wood.) Sesta Berkeleyit Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 604. 1904. Pileus corky, subrigid, dimidiate, sessile, imbricate, laterally connate, plane above, usually convex below, 3-5 5-10 K 0.8-2 cm.; surface finely tomentose to glabrous and sub- shining, zonate, slightly sulcate, radiately furrowed, cremeous or isabelline to fulvous or chestnut-colored and finally black behind; margin obtuse, tomentose, white or cream-col- ored to ochraceous-fulvous: context punky to soft-corky, homogeneous, 2-4 mm. thick, fulvous, tinted with rhubarb when very young; tubes irregular, daedaleoid, branched or forked, becoming much elongate radially, 5-15 mm. deep, about 1 mm. broad, wider with age, edges white or ochraceous to fulvous, thin, rigid, sinuate, rarely splitting even with age. TYPE LOCALITY: Gainesville, Floridaf on pine stumps. HaBItaT: Dead coniferous wood. DISTRIBUTION: Gulf states and tropical America. EXSICCATI: Smith, Centr. Am. Fungi 179. DOUBTFUL SPECIES Lenzites mexicana Mont. Ann. Sci. Nat. II. 20: 360. 1843. Collected by Andrieux, on dead wood in the province of Oaxaca, Mexico. Not Gloeophylluin striatum, although closely related. Authentic specimens are old and discolored. - Part 2, 1908] POLYPORACEKAE 131 78. CYCLOPORUS Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 423. 1904, Hymenophore annual, tough, anoderm, terrestrial, centrally stipitate: context soft, spongy, ferruginous; pores at first polygonal, soon becoming continuous concentric fur- rows, dissepiments thin, lamelloid: spores ovoid, smooth, ferruginous. Type species, Cyclomyces Greenet Berk. 1. Cycloporus Greenei (Berk.) Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 424. 1904. Cyclomyces Greenei Berk. Lond. Jour. Bot. 4: 306. 1845. ‘Pileus circular, obconic to explanate, rarely cespitose, 5-10 cm. broad, 5-10 mm. thick at the center, much thinner at the margin ; surface undulate, zonate, tomentose to glabrous and shining, ferruginous to fulvous, fuliginous-black in some old plants; margin at first rounded, sterile, undulate, isabelline, becoming very thin, darker, and somewhat eroded with age: context spongy, fragile, zonate, ferruginous te Migsie. scarcely 1 mm. thick in mature plants; tubes oblong-polygonal when very young, soon becoming concentric fur- rows, 5-8 mm. deep, 1-2 mm. wide, undulate, pale-fulvous to fuliginous, edges isabelline to umbrinous, very thin, uneven, splitting with age: spores ovoid, smooth, pale-ferrugin- ous, 5-6 X 10-12 #: stipe central, enlarged above, irregular, tomentose, fulvous to fuligin- ous, spongy and brown within, 3-8 cm. long, 1.5-2 cm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Massachusetts. HasitTaT: On the ground in woods. DISTRIBUTION: New England to North Carolina and west to Iowa. ILLUSTRATION : Lond. Jour. Bot. 4: pi. 17. DOUBTFUL AND EXCLUDED SPECIES OF POLYPORACEAK Lenzites verrucosa Kickx, Bull. Acad. Roy. Belg. 87: 73. a7. 7. 1841. Not a Lenzites, but a species of Lentinus. Polyporus dendriticus Fries, Nov. Symb.53. 1851. Described from Liebmann’s collec- tions in Mexico. Trametes mexicana Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 9: 423. 1867. Collected by Bot- teriin Mexico. Polyporus brunneus Schw.; Sacc. Syll. Fung. 6: 149. 1888. Listed but not described. The name is incorrectly attributed to Schweinitz’ publications. Polyporus citrinellus Berk. & Curt. in Sacc. Syll. Fung. 6: 149. 1888. The name is taken from Curtis’ catalogue, but no description accompanies it. Polyporus citvomallus Berk. & Curt. in Sace. Syll. Fung. 6: 149. 1888. A manuscript name attached to an imperfect Cuban specimen in Berkeley’s herbarium. FPlychogaster cubensis Pat. Bull. Soc. Myc. Fr. 12: 133. 1896. Collected by Wright in Cuba at the base of trunks. An abnormal fruiting form of some species of polypore. Bresadolia Mangiferae Pat.; Duss, Enum, Champ. Guad. 36. 1903. Collected by Duss in Guadeloupe on a trunk of Mangifera indica. Family 6. BOLETACEAE By WILLIAM ALPHONSO MURRILIL Hymenophore annual, nearly always terrestrial and centrally stipitate: context fleshy ; hymenium poroid, fleshy, never gelatinous. Tube¥ not arranged in radiating rows (except in one or two species of Boletus). Spores hyaline, often becoming yellowish ; stem hollow, not reticulate. 1. GyROPORUS. Spores rosy or flesh-colored ; stem solid, usually reticulate. 2. TYLOPILUS. Spores ochraceous to brown or black. : Stipe neither glandular-dotted nor annulate. Mouths of tubes never uniformly red nor reddish-brown, tubes unicolorous. 3, CERIOMYCES. Mouths of tubes red or reddish-brown, tubes yellowish within. 4. SUILLELLUS. Stipe either glandular-dotted or annulate. Stipe glandular-dotted, exannulate. 5. ROSTKOVITES. Stipe annulate, glandular-dotted in some species. Spores ochraceous to yellowish-brown, smooth, usually oblong- ellipsoid. Sporophore not covered with a yellow powder. Pileus smooth, viscid. 6. BOLETUS. Pileus floccose-verrucose, dry. 7. BOLETELLUS. Sporophore covered with a conspicuous yellow powder. 8. PULVEROBOLETUS. Spores brownish-black, rough, subglobose. 9. STROBILOMYCES. Tubes arranged in radiating rows. Stipe exannulate. 0 1 10. BOLETINELLUS. Stipe annulate. 11. BOLETINUS, 1. GYROPORUS Quél. Ench. Fung. 161. 1886. Suillus P. Karst. Bidr. Finl. Nat. Folk 37: 1. 1882. Hymenophore annual, terrestrial, centrally stipitate ; surface dry, minutely tomentose to floccose-squamose : context white, less compact than in most members of the family and therefore drying more readily; tubes free, small, cylindric, white, not covered with a veil: spores ellipsoid, smooth, white, at length pale-yellow: stipe soft and spongy within, usually becoming hollow. Type species, Gyroporus cyanescens (Buil.) Quél. Flesh white, quickly changing to blue when wounded; pileus grayish-yellow, floccose. Flesh white, unchangeable. 1.6G. Pileus reddish-brown. 2. G. castaneus, Piledts pale-yellowish. 3. G. subalbellus. CV ANESEENRS. 1. Gyroporus cyanescens (Bull.) Quél. Ench. Fung. 161. 1886. Boletus cyanescens Bull. Herb. Fr. £1. 369. 1787. Boletus constrictus Pers, Syn. Fung. 508. 1801. Leccinum constrictum §. F. Gray, Nat. Arr, Brit. Pl. 1: 647. 1821. Boletus lacteus Lév. Ann. Sci. Nat. III. 9: 124. 1848. Suillus cyanescens P, Karst. Bidr. Finl. Nat. Folk 37: 1. 1882. Pileus convex, gregarious at times, 6-12 cm. broad, 1.5 cm. or more thick; surface pale-tan with grayish-white background or slightly brownish, opaque, appressed-tomentose or tomentose-squamulose ; margin entire, concolorous, adorned in young plants with a dis- tinct cortina, which is a part of the general hairy covering : context white or grayish-white, sweet, 1 cm. or more thick, quickly changing to indigo-blue when wounded ; hymenium nearly plane, depressed near the stem; tubes free, short, about 4 mm. long, white to yel- lowish, quickly changing to indigo-blue when wounded, mouths circular, small, edges thin, entire: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline to pale-yellowish, 9-11 X 5-6: stipe ventricose, VOLUME 9, Par? 3, 1910] 133 134 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 hollow at maturity, concolorous, clothed with cottony threads, white within, becoming indigo-blue when wounded, 5-10 em. long, 1.5-3.5 cm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: France. HABITAT: In woods and open places. : . DISTRIBUTION ; Canada and the northern United States from Maine to Minnesota and south to North Carolina; also in Europe. : ILLUSTRATIONS : Bull. Herb. Fr. /. 369; Gill. Champ. Fr, pl. 54, Fries, Sv. Aetl. Svamp. pl. 80, Sturm, Deuts. Fl. Pilze 5: pl. 44. 2. Gyroporus castaneus (Bull.) Quél. Ench. Fung. 161. 1886. Boletus castaneus Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 328. 1786. Suillus castaneus P, Karst. Bidr. Finl. Nat. Folk 37: 1. 1882. Pileus convex to subexpanded, slightly depressed, gregarious, 3-7 cm. broad; surface smooth, dry, minutely but densely tomentose, orange-brown, fulvous, or reddish-brown ; margin thin, usually paler : context white, firm, nutty in flavor, unchanging when wounded ; tubes depressed, sinuate, short, watery-white becoming light-yellow to dark-cremeous, mouths angular, small, stuffed when young, edges thin, entire: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline to pale-yellowish, 8-9 X4.5-5.54: stipe subattenuate above and below, cylindric or somewhat flattened, tomentose, bright-brown, lighter at the apex, brittle, loosely stuffed, with a small cylindric cavity at the center, 4-5 cm. long, 6-10 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: France. HasiTaT: In sandy soil in open woods. DISTRIBUTION : Temperate North America and Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. Herb. Fr, p/. 328; Barla, Champ. Nice /.32, f. 11-15, Gill. Champ. Fr. pl. 51; Mcllv. Am. Fungi pl. 114, 7.3; Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 48: p/. 36, f. 1-7; Hussey, Il. Brit. Myc. 2: pl. I7. EXsICccaTI: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 2302. 3. Gyroporus subalbellus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex, rather thick, scattered, 5cm. broad ; surface dry, smooth, finely tomen- tose to glabrous, pale-isabelline; margin entire, fertile: context spongy-fleshy, easily dry- ing, whitish, unchanging; tubes nearly free, longer than the thickness of the context, mouths light-yellow, unchanging: spores ovoid, smooth, hyaline under a microscope, 7 4.5: stipe ventricose, thick, distorted, smooth, pale-isabelline or nearly white, hollow, 7 cm. long. Type collected at Ocean Springs, Mississippi, on sandy soil in mixed woods, September 14, 1904, Esther S. Earle 203. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 2. TYLOPILUS P. Karst. Rev. Myc. 3°: 16. 1881. Dictyopus Quél. Ench. Fung. 159. 1886. Rhodoporus Quél. Fl. Myc. Fr. 420. 1888. Hymenophore annual, terrestrial or rarely epixylous, centrally stipitate; surface dry, glabrous or minutely tomentose : context white, fleshy, sometimes bitter ; tubes small, angular, white, becoming flesh-colored from the spores, not covered with a veil: spores ob- long-ellipsoid, smooth, rosy or flesh-colored, rarely inclining to ferruginous : stipe solid, even or reticulate. Type species, Zylopilus felleus (Bull.) P. Karst. Pileus yellow to brown. Sporophore large ; stipe 1 cm. or more thick. Context decidedly bitter. Context not bitter. s ane __Sporophore usually small; stipe about 5 mm. thick, never reticulate. rar at pane : Pileus black or blackish ; tubes becoming blackish when wounded. 4. T. alboater. 1. Tylopilus felleus (Bull.) P. Karst. Rev. Myc. 3°: 16. 1881. Ho ee Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 379. 1787. : ? Boletus modesius Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 25: 81. 1873, Boletus ferrugineus Frost, Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 2: 104. 1874. a none) Dictyopus felleus Quél. Ench. Fung. 159. 1886. Rhodoporus felleus Quél. Fl. Myc. Fr, 420. 1888. Boletus subpunctipes Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 116: 19. 1907. Pileus thick, convex, usually 8-15 cm. broad, sometimes reaching a diameter of over Parr 3, 1910] BOLETACEAE 135 40 cm.; surface smooth, glabrous, variable in color, usually some shade of tan or chestnut, often pink or purplish when young; margin entire, concolorous: context white, often tinged with pink where wounded, at first firm, but soft and yielding in older specimens, decidedly bitter, especially when young, sometimes losing its bitter taste with age; tubes adnate, depressed, 1-2 cm. long, slender, white, colored at maturity with the flesh-colored spores, mouths angular, of medium size, edges thin, entire: spores fusiform, smooth, flesh-colored, 8-11 3-4: stipe cylindric, enlarged below, glabrous, subconcolorous, usually reticulate above, and sometimes entirely to the base, firm, solid, becoming spongy in large specimens, 5-12 cm. long, 1.5-2.5 cm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: France. HaBitaTtT: On the ground in woods. DISTRIBUTION: Temperate North America and Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS : Bull. Conn. Geol. Nat. Hist. Surv. 3: p/. 32; Mecllv. Am. Fungi pl. 122, f. 2; Atk. Stud. Am, Fungi pl. #9, f. 1; pl. 52; Fries, Sv. Aetl. Svamp. 1. 52; Gill. Champ. Fr. pl. 57; Sturm, Deuts. Fl, Pilze 5: p/. 47; Palmer, Mushr. Am. £/.9, 7.1; Gibson, Edible Toadst. pl. 24, f. 12; Aun. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 48: p/. 43, f. 2-7; Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 379. ExsiccaTi: Sydow, Myc. Mar. 2733. 2. Tylopilus indecisus (Peck) Murrill, Mycologia 1: 15. 1909. Boletus indecisus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 41: 76. 1888. Pileus thick, convex, 6-12 cm. broad ; surface dry, minutely velvety to glabrous, ochra- ceous-brown to chestnut, having no violet tint when young; margin entire or undulate: context firm, fleshy, white, unchangeable, except in old specimens, which become slightly greenish-yellow near the tubes when wounded, taste mild; tubes adnate, not conspicuously depressed, white or grayish-white, becoming flesh-colored from the mature spores, usually changing to brownish when wounded, 0.5-1.5 cm. long, mouths small, subcircular: spores oblong, smooth, dirty rose-colored, 12-154 : stipe subequal, subconcolorous, usually reticulate above, minutely furfuraceous, especially below, firm, solid, 6-10 cm. long, 1-2 cm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Menands, New York. HasitTaT: Thin deciduous woods. DISTRIBUTION : New York to North Carolina and west to Kentucky. ILLUSTRATION: McIlv. Am. Fungi pl. 122, f. 1. 3. Tylopilus gracilis (Peck) P. Henn. in E. & P. Nat. Pfl. 1°**: 190. 1897. Boletus gracilis Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 24: 78. 1872. Pileus convex, 3-6 cm. broad, rarely larger; surface dry, slightly viscid in wet weather, subtomentose or squamulose, sometimes rimose or reticulate, dull-tan to reddish-brown: context white, unchanging, taste mild, becoming acid ; tubes nearly free, depressed, white, becoming deep flesh-colored, not changing when wounded, mouths small, circular: spores ellipsoid, smooth, subferruginous, 12-15 >< 5-6: stipe tapering upward, paler and minutely tomentose or hoary above, concolorous, substriate, and furfuraceous below, solid, fleshy, and white within, 6-10 cm. long, 0.5-1.5 cm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Garrisons, New York. Hasitat: In woods on the ground or on much decayed logs or stumps. DISTRIBUTION: Nova Scotia to Georgia. ILLUSTRATION: MelIlv. Am. Fungi p/. 114, f. 1. 4. Tylopilus alboater (Schw.) Murrill, Mycologial: 16. 1909. Boletus alboater Schw. Schr. Nat. Ges. Leipzig 1: 95. 1822. Boletus nigrellus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 29: 44. 1878. (Type from New York.) Pileus convex, solitary or gregarious, 6-10 cm. broad, 2 cm. thick; surface pruinose to tomentose, very dark-brown to black; margin rather thick, involute when young: context white, changing to pinkish-gray when wounded, taste nutty; tubes adnate, slightly de- pressed, pale-gray to flesh-colored, changing slowly to black or reddish-black when wounded, 1 cm. long, mouths small, irregularly circular: spores oblong-ellipsoid, smooth, pointed at one end, dull flesh-colored, 10-12 4-6: stipe short, subequal, even, concolor- 136 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 ous or a little paler than the pileus, pinkish-gray at the apex, velvety at the base, solid, 5-8 em. long, 1.5-2.5 em. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: North Carolina. HABITAT: In open deciduous woods. at sae DISTRIBUTION : New York to Georgia and Mississippi. 3. CERIOMYCES Batt. Fung. Hist. A/. 29. Leccinum §. F. Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 1: 646. 1821. Tubiporus P. Karst. Rev. Myc. 39: 16. 1881. ; Krombholzia P. Karst. Rev. Myc. 39: 17. 1881. Not Krombholzia Rupr. 1842. Versipellis Quél. Ench. Fung. 157, 1886. Ixocomus Quél. Myc. Fl. Fr. 411. 1888. Xerocomus Quél. Myc. Fl. Fr. 417. 1888. 1755. Hymenophore annual, (eecctenal centrally stipitate ; surface dry, rarely viscid, glabrous or variously ornamented: context usually white or yellow, sometimes tinged with certain other colors, very rarely poisonous; tubes free or adnate, small, cylindric, sometimes large and angular near the stipe: spores oblong-ellipsoid, smooth, ochraceous to yellowish- brown : stipe solid, except in one or two species, even or reticulate, exannulate. Type species, Cerionuzyces crassus Batt. Stem shaggy and lacerate, with reticulate furrows. Pileus dry, tomentose or reddish-pilose. 1. C. Russelliz. Pileus viscid, glabrous. : 2. C. Betula. Stem smooth or reticulate with veins. : Tubes white, not stuffed when young and not turning blue when wounded, colored at maturity with the yellowish-brown spores ; pileus glabrous (a few subtomentose species have whitish tubes when young). Stem smooth ; pileus white, smooth. 3. C. albellus. Stem reticulate. Pileus white, with deep chinks forming areolae. 4. C. frustulosus. Pileus gray, smooth. 5. C. griseus. Stem scabrous ; pileus smooth, rarely white. Stem conspicuously bright-yellow near the base. 6. C. chromapes. Stem entirely white or grayish-white. 7. C. viscidus. Tubes flesh-colored ; pileus glabrous, floccose or squamulose. Pileus glabrous. 8. C. griseo-roseus. Pileus adorned with appressed yellowish flocci. 9. C. conicus. Pileus adorned with conspicuous dark-purple scales. 10. C. Fanderbiltianus. Tubes bright-yellow, sometimes tinged with scarlet, unchanging at maturity or in dried specimens. Stem smooth ; pileus glabrous. Stem 2 cm. thick; spores 15 64. 11. C. flaviporus. Stem less than 1 cm. thick; spores 10 x 4 w. 12. C. auriporus. Stem reticulate; pileus and stem covered with a bright-yellow or scarlet tomentum or pulverulence. 13. C. auriflammenus. Tubes some shade of yellow or brown, usually becoming darker with age (in C. fumosipes, C. sordidus, and C. Roxanae, the tubes are whitish when young). Parasitic on species of Scleroderma. 14. C. parasiticus. Found in clusters on roots and stumps of pine; pileus bright golden-yellow. 15. C. hemichrysus. Found on the ground, rarely on wood much decayed and then not in clusters. Tubes stuffed when young, their mouths usually white; pileus usually glabrous, Stem furfuraceous, lilac-gray; pileus and tubes chocolate- brown. ; ; 16. C. eximius. Stem smooth or reticulate; pileus and tubes of lighter color than above. Spores brownish-ochraceous, 13-15 4-5; stem more or less reticulate. 17. C. crassus. Spores ferruginous-ochraceous, 9-12x45y; stem rarely reticulate at the top; pileus often olivaceous and spotted. 18. C. affinis. Tubes not stuffed when young. Pileus distinctly viscid, glabrous, yellow, sometimes more or less reddish-brown; stem not reticulate. Tubes brick-colored, flesh peppery; stem solid, yellow at the base. Tubes yellow, flesh mild. Stem hollow, glabrous. : 1 20. C. Stem solid, dotted with yellow or red glandules. 21. C Stem solid’ not dotted. 22. €. 19. CL ferruginatus. Curtisti. inflexus, Atkinsonianus. Parr 3, 1910] BOLETACEAE 137 Pileus glabrous or subtomentose, not viscid. Stem reticulate, usually very distinctly so. Pileus, tubes, and stem tawny-brown. 23. C. tabacinus. Pileus red. Context changing to blue when wounded. Stem bright lem on-yellow throughout; pileus with- 24 out a bloom. . C, speciosus. Stem red below, yellow above; pileus with a bloom. 25. C. Peckii. Context not changing to blue when wounded. Pileus chocolate-red, 3-4 cm. broad. 26. C. Houset. Pileus testaceous, fading to ochraceous, 5-11 cm. broad. 27. C. subsanguineus. Pileus yellow or brown, tubes yellowish. Temperate species. Tubes large; pileus subtomentosé. 28. C. tlludens. Tubes of medium size; pileus usually glabrous. Stipe white ; pileus avellaneous-isabelline, very light in weight. C. subpaliidus. Stipe yellow or yellowish-brown. Context yellow ; spores 11-144 long. 30. C. vetipes. Context white, tinged with pink; spores 7-9 # long. 31. C. alabamensis. Tropical species. Pileus 2-3 cm. broad, floccose-tomentose. 32. C. guadelupensis. Pileus 7 cm. broad, glabrous. 33. C. Maxoni, Stem not reticulate, Pileus glabrous. Pileus red. Stem yellow, sometimes with red stains; entire plant quickly changing to blue at any point where touched. 4, C. miniato-olivaceus. Stem red, yellow at the top ; flesh and tubes slowly turning blue when wounded. 35, C. bicolor. Pileus yellow or brown. Tubes changing to blue when wounded; stem glabrous. 36. C. pallidus. Tubes not changing to blue when wounded. Stem furfuraceous, pale-yellow; tubes pale- yellow to greenish-yellow. 37. C, subglabripes. Stem rough, with minute, stiff, black hairs; tubes brown to black. Pileus subtomentose; flesh usually spongy and drying readily. Tubes not changing to blue when wounded. Tubes whitish, becoming yellow; mouths small, w ies) ._C. scabripes. cireular. 39. C. Roxanae. Tubes yellow; mouths large and angular, espe- cially near the stem. 40. C. subtomentosus. Tubes small, yellowish, becoming brick-red on drying or when bruised: pileus large, 9-13 cm. in diameter and 3 cm. thick. 41. C. domentipes. Tubes changing to blue when wounded. Tubes at first grayish-white, discolored later by the spores; stem bluish-green at the top. Pileus conspicuously reticulate-rimose. 42. C. fumosipes. Pileus not reticulate-rimose. 43. C. sordidus. Tubes yellow and large; stem and pileus usually red, the latter often cracked. 44. C. communis. 1. Ceriomyces Russellii (Frost) Murrill, Mycologia 1: 144. 1909. Boletus Russellii Frost, Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 2: 104, 1874, Pileus convex, 3-7 cm. broad, 2-3 cm. thick; surface dry, slightly viscid when moist, clothed with a thick tomentum, agglutinated in raised squamules, presenting a reticulate appearance, often rimose-areolate, light-brown to isabelline with brown patches: context thin, cremeous, unchanging, taste mild, slightly salty; tubes plane, adnate or very slightly sinuate, depressed, cremeous when young, dark-flavous with a tinge of green at maturity, mouths large, angular, uniform, edges thin: spores ellipsoid, distinctly longitudinally striate, olivaceous, 15-17 7-8: stipe long and slender, tapering upward, very coarsely reticulate and fluted, the margins broad and lacerate, swelling in wet weather, somewhat glutinous even in dry weather, bright-pinkish flesh-colored throughout, the depressions usually not darker, firm, solid, or slightly stuffed, yellow within, 5-12 cm. long, 1-1.5 cm. thick at the base. 138 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 TYPE LOCALITY : New England. HaBitTatT: Open deciduous woods. . : DISTRIBUTION : New England to Mississippi and west to Wisconsin. ILLUSTRATION: MclIlv. Am. Fungi p/. 118, f. 2. 2. Ceriomyces Betula (Schw.) Murrill, Mycologia 1: 144. 1909. Boletus Betula Schw. Schr. Nat. Ges. Leipzig 1: 90. 1822. Boletus Morgant Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 10: 73. 1883. (Type from Kentucky.) Pileus hemispheric, 3-9 em. broad, 1-2 cm. thick; surface smooth, viscid, shining, perfectly glabrous, latericeous to almost luteous; margin acute, paler: context whitish, tinged with red or yellow, becoming reddish when bruised, slightly acid, not bitter ; tubes nearly free, depressed at times, flavous, becoming darker at maturity, changing to greenish- yellow when wounded, mouths large, subcircular, somewhat unequal: spores melleous to olive-brown, papillate, oblong-ellipsoid, 16-20 X 7-9: stipe tapering upward at the base, very long, pitted with long narrow depressions, giving it a shaggy appearance, flavous above and along the ridges, dull-purplish below, especially in the depressions, flesh solid, white or yellow with purplish tints, 10-20 cm. long, 0.5-1.5 cm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: North Carolina. HABITAT: Rocky deciduous woods. DISTRIBUTION : North Carolina to Alabama and west to Tennessee, Ohio, and Kentucky. ILLUSTRATION: Bull. Torrey Club 10: £1. 35. 3. Ceriomyces albellus (Peck) Murrill, Mycologia 1: 145. 1909. Boletus albelius Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 41: 77. 1888. Pileus circular, convex, subcespitose, 2-4 cm. broad; surface white or grayish-white with more or less bloom, sometimes pale avellaneous-isabelline, occasionally violet-gray when young, glabrous or subglabrous, dry; margin thin, regular, fertile, concolorous: context white or whitish, tinged with yellow at times, unchangeable; tubes plane, adnate, slightly depressed at times, rather short, white, violet-gray at times when young, becom- ing pale-yellow and sometimes darker-yellow from the maturing of the spores, mouths small, nearly circular, regular, edges rather thick, entire: spores oblong-ellipsoid, brown- ish-ochraceous, 14-16 & 5-64: stipe central, cylindric, equal, sometimes thickened at the base, white or whitish, glabrous or nearly so, usually distinctly reticulate in the upper half, but rarely smooth or somewhat striate except at the very top, 3-5 cm. long, 5-10 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Sandlake, New York. HABITAT: Deciduous woods. DISTRIBUTION : New York to Virginia and Tennessee. 4. Ceriomyces frustulosus (Peck) Murrill, Mycologia 1: 145. 1909. Boletus frustulosus Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 24: 146. 1897. Pileus thick, convex or nearly plane, 2.5-5 cm. broad; surface white or whitish, sub- glabrous, rimosely areolate, the areolae unequal and appearing like frustra of polygonal pyramids: context whitish, unchanging; tubes depressed, whitish, becoming pale-brown, equaling the thickness of the context: spores fusiform, smooth, yellowish-brown, 15-18 x 4-6: stipe equal, whitish, reticulate above and sometimes nearly or quite to the base, solid, 2.5-5 cm. long, 1-2 em. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Ocean Springs, Mississippi. HABITAT: Open ground and clay banks. DISTRIBUTION: Mississippi and Alabama. 5. Ceriomyces griseus (Frost) Murrill, Mycologia 1: 145. 1909. Boletus griseus Frost; Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 29: 45. 1878. Botetus flexuosipes Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 8: 130. 1889. (Type from North Carolina.) Pileus broadly convex, 5-10 cm. in diameter ; ‘surface subglabrous, smooth, dry, light- or dark-gray, rarely slightly brownish: context firm, whitish or grayish, yellowish in spots unchanging ; tubes adnate, slightly depressed, somewhat decurrent at times, pure-white oe whitish, becoming brownish with age and darker when bruised: spores ellipsoid, smooth ochraceous-brown, 9-14 * 4-5: stipe flexuous, whitish or yellowish, changing oe brown PaRT 3, 1910] BOLETACEAE 139 when bruised, rarely reddish toward the base, distinctly reticulate, firm, stuffed, becoming hollow at times, 5-10 cm. long, 0.5-1.3 cm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Sandlake, New York. HaBitaT: On the ground in open woods. DISTRIBUTION : New England to North Carolina. 6. Ceriomyces chromapes (Frost) Murrill, Mycologia 1: 145. 1909. Boletus chromapes Frost, Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 2: 105. 1874. Pileus convex to expanded, 4-8 cm. broad, 1 cm. or more thick ; surface slightly tomen- tose, the fine, tangled fibers very distinct under a lens, pale-tan to rosy-isabelline or pale- red; margin acute to somewhat obtuse, concolorous: context white, unchanging, taste mild; tubes free or slightly attached, creamy-white to pale-brown or reddish-brown, be- coming flesh-colored and finally brownish with age, mouths small, subcircular, concolor- us; spores oblong-ellipsoid, smooth, subhyaline, 11-14 X 4-5y: stipe equal, tapering above, pallid or pinkish with red or brown scales, bright-yellow at the base, rarely entirely yellow, sometimes faintly reticulate above, solid, bright-yellow within, especially at the base, 6-9 cm. long, 1-1.5 cm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Brattleboro, Vermont. HasitaT: In open woods. DISTRIBUTON: Nova Scotia to Georgia and Mississippi. ILLUSTRATIONS: Atk. Stud. Am. Fungi p/. 5? ; Bull. Conn. Geol. Nat. Hist. Surv. 3: £7. 31. 7. Ceriomyces viscidus (1,.) Murrill. Boletus viscidus l,, Sp. Pl. 1177. 1753. Boletus scaber Bull. Herb. Fr. fl. 132, f. 1. 1782. Boletus aurantiacus Bull. Herb. Fr. p/, 236. 1784. Boletus niveus Fries, Obs. Myc. 1: 111. 1815. Leccinum aurantiacum 8. F. Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 1: 646. 1821. Leccinum scabrum §. F. Gray, Nat. Arr, Brit. Pl. 1: 647. 1821. ? Boletus versipellis Fries, Boleti 13. 1835. Krombholzia scabra P, Karst. Rev. Myc. 39: 17. 1881. Gyroporus scaber Quél. Ench. Fung. 162. 1886. Ceriomyces scaber Murrill, Mycologia 1: 146. 1909. Pileus convex, thick, fleshy, 4-10 cm. broad, 1.5-3cm. thick; surface smooth, glabrous or minutely tomentose, slightly viscid when moist, varying in color from white to shades of brown or red; margin thick, subacute, sometimes appendiculate : context 1.5 cm. thick at the center, white or whitish, becoming flesh-colored or slightly darker when bruised, taste mild; tubes long, slender, free or nearly so, depressed, white or greenish-yellow, ‘be- coming brownish with age and flesh-colored or blackish when bruised, mouths circular, edges thin: spores oblong, smooth, snuff-brown, 13-16 X 4-6: stipe firm, solid, tapering upward, bulbous at the base, whitish, especially above, brownish-cinereous below, rough- ened with numerous reddish or brownish dots or scales, 5-15 cm. long, 1-2 cm. thiok. TYPE LOCALITY: France. Hapitrat: In and near woods. DISTRIBUTION : Temperate North America and Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Palmer, Mushr. Am. p/. 7, f. 3; Fries, Sv. Aetl. Svamp. f/. 14; Hussey, Ill. Brit. Myc. 1: pl. 57, Gibson, Edible Toadst. bl. 21; Barla, ‘Champ. Nice pl. 35; Aun. Rep. N.Y. State Mus. 48: p/. ws, J. 1-9 ; Gill. Champ. oa pl. "77, 78 ; Sow. Engl. Fungi pl. 175; Richon & Roze, Atl. Champ. pl 54; Mycologia 1: pil fis. JEXSICCATT: Herpell, Prap. Hutpilze 134, 135; Clements, Crypt. Form. Colo. 342; Cavara, Fungi Longob. 65 ; Sydow, Myc. Mar. 14/2. 5 8. Ceriomyces griseo-roseus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus irregularly convex, 7 cm. broad; surface even, slightly viscid when moist, light grayish flesh-colored ; margin thin, entire, fertile: context white, unchanging, mild; tubes concolorous, slightly sinuate, nearly plane in mass, mouths small, angular, edges thin: spores oblong-ellipsoid, almost rod-shaped, with rounded ends, smooth, yellowish-brown, 11-13 & 2.5-3u: stipe concolorous, tapering upward, somewhat fibrous, subglabrous, even, hollow or stuffed, 7.5 cm. long, nearly 2 cm. thick. Type collected near Mobile, Alabama, July 22, 1897, C. F. Baker. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from type locality. 140 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 9. Ceriomyces conicus (Rav.) Murrill, Mycologia 1: 146. 1909. Boletus conicus Rav.; Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. IT. 12: 430. 1853. Pileus convex or subconic, 2.5-5 cm. broad ; surface clothed with fasciculate, appressed, yellowish flocci: context white, unchangeable, tasteless; tubes ventricose, flesh-colored, becoming darker at the maturity of the spores, mouths small, angular, edges subfimbriate : spores fusiform, smooth, subferruginous, 14-16 «5-64: stipe tapering upward, pale-yel- low, glabrous, not reticulate, 5 cm. long, 12 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: South Carolina. Habitat: Damp pine woods. . DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type collection. 10. Ceriomyces Vanderbiltianus Murrill, Mycologia 1: 146. 1909. Boletus Vanderbiltianus Murrill, Torreya 8: 215. 1908. Pileus subconic, 2-3 cm. broad, 1-2 cm. thick; surface smooth, dry, conspicuously ornamented on the umbo with dense, pointed, imbricate, dark-purple scales, which become gradually smaller and give place to minute purplish specks near the margin, the color chang- ing from atropurpureous to latericeous; margin thin, undulate, pale-roseous, with a distinct inflexed sterile portion 1 mm. broad: context thick, fleshy, firm, cream-colored, unchange- able, taste sweet or very slightly bitter; tubes adnate, the longest not over 4 mm., salmon- colored near the margin, incarnate as the spores mature, mouths angular, 1 mm. or less broad, elongate to 2 mm. near the stipe, edges thin, entire: spores oblong-ellipsoid, smooth, pale ochraceous-brown, 9-12 X 2-34: stipe curved, cylindric, slightly enlarged above, even, delicately pruinose to glabrous, deep salmon-colored, changing to incarnate, darker on bruising, lighter above with a slight glaucous bloom, finely purplish-dotted like the margin of the cap, solid and cream-colored within, 2-3 cm. long, 0.5-0.8 cm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Pink Bed Valley, North Carolina. HapBitTaT: By the roadside in thin oak woods. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 11. Ceriomyces flaviporus (Earle) Murrill, Mycologia 1: 147. 1909. Boleius flaviporus Earle, Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 3: 297. 1905. Pileus rather thin, convex to expanded, 6-9 cm. broad ; surface smooth, viscid, not glutinous, shining, chestnut-brown: context whitish to brownish, unchanging, taste mild ; hymenium plane, tubes usually deeply depressed, but decurrent for nearly 1 cm. in anas- tomosing lines, bright lemon-yellow when young, becoming deep-yellow or flavid with age and retaining this color in dried specimens, mouths small, 1 mm. broad, angular, edges thin : spores narrowly ellipsoid, smooth, yellow, 15><6 4: stipe subequal or slightly ven- tricose, yellowish and smooth or marked with glutinous granules above, tomentose and white stained with brick-red below, solid, 6-9 cm. long, 1.8 cm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Stanford University, California. HaBitTaT: Among decaying oak leaves. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 12. Ceriomyces auriporus (Peck) Murrill, Mycologia 1: 147. 1909. Boletus auriporus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Cab. 23: 133. 1872. Boletus innixus Frost, Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 2: 103. 1874. (Type from Vermont.) Boletus caespitosus Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 27: 17. 1900. (Type from Virginia.) Pileus circular, plano-convex, 2-4 cm. broad, 0.5-1 cm.thick ; surface reddish-brown or yellowish-brown, rarely grayish-brown, sometimes brown with a reddish-yellow tint or red- dish-brown in the center and olivaceous toward the margin, glabrous or minutely tomentose, slightly areolate at times with age, the interstices appearing yellow, usually dry, but some- what viscid in wet weather ; margin even, thin, somewhat obtuse, slightly infiexed on dryin gy concolorous: context firm, fleshy, 3-5 mm. thick, white, unchangeable, tinged with red under the cuticle, at first mild, then unpleasant to the taste, the cuticle decidedly acid: tubes plane or convex, adnate or nearly free, with a broad shallow depression about the stipe, 3-5 mm. long, bright golden-yellow, unchanging, even after years in the herbarium, Part 3, 1910] BOLETACEAE 141 mouths concolorous, variable in size, small and circular when young, medium or large and irregularly polygonal when old, edges thin, entire: spores oblong-ellipsoid, curved at one end, lemon-yellow, 8-10 K 4-5: stipe central, short, slender, curved, tapering upward, nearly glabrous, pulverulent under alens, slimy in wet weather, concolorous or paler, slightly striate above from the decurrent edges of the tubes, solid, white or discolored-yellowish tinged with red within, 2-4 cm. long, 4-8 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: North Elba, New York. HasitTaT: Thin dry woods and shaded roadsides. DISTRIBUTION : New England to Alabama. 13. Ceriomyces auriflammeus (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill, Mycologia 1: 147. 1909. Botetus aurifilammeus Berk. & Curt. Grevillea 1: 36. 1872. Pileus convex to expanded, 6-8 cm. broad, 1-2 cm. thick; surface dry, slightly viscid after a rain, tomentose, bright-yellow, sometimes partially covered with a scarlet pulveru- lence; margin thin, entire: context white, unchangeable, somewhat colored just beneath the pellicle, not bitter; tubes plane or convex, adnate, radially elongate near the stipe, decurrent, greenish-yellow, mouths angular, usually slightly scarlet when looked at side- wise, especially in dried plants, rarely conspicuously scarlet over most of the hymenium : spores pale-yellow, smooth, oblong-ellipsoid, 9-11 3-4: stipe enlarged above, usually tapering below, but sometimes bulbous, very variable in size, 5-9 cm. long, 0.5-1 cm. thick, colored and clothed like the pileus, distinctly and beautifully reticulate, sometimes entirely to the base. TYPE LocALITY: North Carolina. HaBiTaT: Thin soil in deciduous woods. DISTRIBUTION: New York, Pennsylvania, Kentucky, and North Carolina. 14. Ceriomyces parasiticus (Bull.) Murrill, Mycologia 1: 148. 1909. Boletus parasiticus Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 451, f. 1. 1789. Versipellis parasitica Quél. Ench. Fung. 159, 1886. Xerocomus parasiticus Quél. Fl. Myc. Fr. 418. 1888. Pileus convex to expanded, 5-8 cm. broad; surface dry, finely tomentose to glabrous, becoming tessellately rimose, dingy~yellow or cinereous: context whitish ; tubes decurrent, of medium size, golden-yellow: spores fusiform, smooth, pale-brownish, 12-15 K 44: stipe incur¥ed, glabrous, solid, yellow without and within, 4-10 cm. long, 0.5~-1 cm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: France. HABITAT: Parasitic on species of Scleroderma. DISTRIBUTION : New England and New York ; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 451, f.1,; Sturm, Deuts. Fl. Pilze 57: 2:7, Gill. Champ. Fr. pl. 70; Boudier, Ic. Myc. 1: pl. 145. ExsiccaTr: Sydow, Myc. Mar. 809 ; ‘Jacz. Fungi Rossiae 126. 15. Ceriomyces hemichrysus (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill, Mycologia 1: 148. 1909. Boletus hemichrysus Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 11.12: 429. 1853.—Grevillea 1: 35. 1872. Pileus convex, becoming plane or slightly depressed, 3-7 cm. broad; surface floccose- squamulose, golden-yellow, pulverulent, at times rimose: context thick, yellow, sometimes slightly changing to blue when wounded; tubes adnate or decurrent, yellow, becoming reddish-brown, mouths large, angular: spores oblong-ellipsoid, smooth, pale yellowish- brown, 7-9 X 2-34: stipe short, irregular, tapering below, yellowish-pulverulent, tinged with red, yellow within, 3 cm. long, 0.5~1 cm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: South Carolina. ; ; HABITAT: On roots or stumps of species of pine. . DISTRIBUTION: New York, New Jersey, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Alabama. 16. Ceriomyces eximius (Peck) Murrill, Mycologia 1: 148. 1909. Boletus robustus Frost, Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 2: 104. 1874. Not &. robusius Fries, 1851. Bolétus eximius Peck, Jour. Myc. 3: 54. 1887. Pileus thick, compact, globose when young, becoming convex at maturity, 8-20 cm. broad ; surface dry, smooth, subglabrous, slightly viscid when wet, purplish-brown, smoky- 142 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VOLUME 9 red or chocolate-brown, at times lilac-tinted, darker when bruised ; margin entire, con- colorous : context firm, gray or slightly reddish, sometimes nearly pure-white, changing to pale flesh-colored, taste mild; tubes adnate, at length depressed, nearly plane, colored nearly like the pileus, becoming deep chocolate-brown with age, mouths minute, subcircu- lar, stuffed when young: spores oblong, smooth, brownish-ferruginous, 11-15 XK 4-64: stipe cylindric, subequal, solid, minutely squamulose or coarsely granular, slightly paler than the pilens, greenish-purple within, 5-14 cm. long, 1-3 em. thick. TYPE LOCALITY : Brattleboro, Vermont. HABITAT: Thin woods, especially on roadside banks. DISTRIBUTION : Nova Scotia to North Carolina and west to Kentucky. ILLUSTRATION: Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 10: p/. 80, f. 6-12. 17. Ceriomyces crassus Batt. Fung. Hist. 62. 1755¢ Agaricus bulbosus Schaeff. Fung. Bavar. 2: pl. 134. 1763. Boletus edulis Bull. Herb. Fr. p/. 60. 1781. Boletus esculentus Pers, Obs. Myc. 1: 23. 1794, Leccinum edule §. F. Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 1: 647. 1821. Boletus separans Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 25: 81. 1873. (Type from New York.) Boletus decorus Frost, Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 2: 103. 1874. (Type from Vermont.) Boletus limatulus Frost, Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 2: 104. 1874. (Type from Vermont.) Boletus varitpes Peck, Ann. Rep. N. ¥. State Mus. 41: 76. 1888. (Type from New York.) Suillus bulbosus Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 3: 535. 1893. ? Boletus auripes Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 50: 107. 1897. (Type from New York.) Boletus Atkinsoni Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 94: 20. 1905. (Type from New York.) Boletus nobilis Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 94: 48. 1905. (Type from New York.) Pileus thick, broadly convex, gregarious or cespitose, 6-20 cm. broad, 3-4 cm. thick ; surface smooth, glabrous or finely tomentose, subopaque, dry, slightly viscid when moist- ened, sometimes pitted or reticulate-rimose, varying in color from ochraceous-brown to reddish-brown, sometimes paler; margin acute, entire: context compact, 2-3 cm. thick, unchanging, white or yellowish, sometimes reddish beneath the cuticle, taste sweet and nutty; tubes adnate, at length depressed, plane in mass, white and stuffed when young, yellow or greenish-yellow when mature, changing to greenish-ochraceous when wounded, about 2 cm. long, mouths of medium size, angular, edges thin: spores fusiform, smooth, greenish-yellow to ochraceous-brown, 12-15 «5-6: stipe subequal or enlarged below, stout, concolorous or considerably paler, becoming bluish or discolored when wounded, wholly or partially reticulate, solid, tough, fibrous, yellowish within, tinged with red at times near the surface, 5-10 cm. long, 3-4 cm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Bavaria. HaBITAT: On the ground in woods. DISTRIBUTION: Temperate North America and Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Batt. Fung. Hist. J/. 29, Schaeff. Fung. Bavar. 2: p/. 134, Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 60, 494; Gill, Champ. Fr. pl. 56; Sturm, Deuts. Fl. Pilze 5: 67.36; Atk. Stud. Am. Fungi pl. 49, f.2,; pl. 50,51; Barla, Champ. Nice p/. 34; Mcllv. Am. Fungi p/. 118, f. 5; Palmer, Musbr. Am. pl. 7, f. 2; Gibson, Edible Toadst. p/. 20; Fries, Sv. Aetl. Svamp. p/. 17; Krombh. Abbild. pl. 31; Mem. N. Y. State Mus. 3: pl. 65, f. 1-8; Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 94: pl. R, f. 1-4, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 48: p/. 36, f. 8-12; 51: pl. 54, f. 1-7. aoe Herpell, Prap. Hutpilze 54; D. Sacc. Myc. Ital. #05; Rabenh. Herb. Myc. ed. 18. Ceriomyces affinis (Peck) Murrill, Mycologia 1: 149. 1909. Boletus affints Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 25: 81. 1873. ? Boletus leprosus Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 8: 135. 1889. (Type from North Carolina.) ? Boletus crassipes Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 27: 19. 1900. (Type from Pennsylvania.) Pileus convex to plane, gregarious or scattered, 5-9 cm. broad; surface glabrous or nearly so, slightly viscid when moist, but usually dry, with a thin, separable cuticle which easily cracks or rubs off in spots, fulvous, pale-chestnut, ochraceous, or somewhat oliva- ceous; margin rather obtuse, entire, slightly projecting beyond the tubes: context some- what spongy, white, unchanging or sometimes slowly becoming yellowish, taste mild; tubes adnate to nearly free, about 1 cm. long, white or cremeous, becoming subferruginous when wounded or at the maturity of the spores, mouths somewhat uneven, 2-3 toa mm., sub- circular to angular, stuffed when young: spores oblong, smooth, bright ferruginous-ochra- ceous, 8-12 X 4-5: stipe cylindric, tapering downward, usually slightly eccentric, rarely PaRT 3, 1910] BOLETACEAE 143 reticulate above, glabrous, white above and below, flesh-colored and more or less streaked in the middle, spongy and white within, about 7 cm. long and 1.5 cm. thick. Tyre LOCALITY: Greenbush, New York. HABITAT: In thin woods. DISTRIBUTION : Vermont to North Carolina and west to Indiana. : Py Pa Aon eaaas Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 49: fl. #8, f. 6-16; Mem. N. Y. State Mus. 3: 19. Ceriomyces ferruginatus (Batsch) Murrill. Boletus ferruginatus Batsch, Elench. Fung. Contin. 1: 179. 1786. Boletus piperatus Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 451, f. 2. 1789. Leccinum piperatum S. F. Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 1: 647. 1821. Boletus Sistotrema Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Cab. 23: 133. 1872. Viscipellis piperata Quél. Ench. Fung. 157. 1886. Ixocomus piperatus Quél. Fl. Myc. Fr. 414. 1888. Ceriomyces piperatus Murrill, Mycologia1: 150. 1909. Pileus convex to plane or nearly so, umbonate when young, circular in outline, 2-5 cm. broad, reaching 7 cm. at times; surface smooth, glabrous, sometimes rimose-areolate, slightly viscid in damp weather, varying from ochraceous to fulvous; margin regular, entire, sometimes quite thick because of the lengthening of the marginal tubes: context thickest at the center and gradually thinner toward the margin, yellow or yellowish-white for the most part, but light-pink or roseous next to the layer of tubes, darker when exposed to the air, acrid and peppery, remarkably free from insects; tubes adnate, at length de- pressed around the stem, latericeous, becoming slightly darker when wounded, tinged with ferruginous at the maturity of the spores, equal to or longer than the thickness of the con- text, mouths large, angular, unequal: spores subfusiform, ferruginous, 9-114 u: stipe central, slender, nearly equal, 2-5 cm. long, 4-5 mm. thick, rarely reaching 7 cm. in length and 8 mm. in thickness, pulverulent, slightly veined above, smooth below, usually some- what paler than the pileus, citrinous or flavous at the base, solid, fleshy, and yellow within. TYPE LOCALITY: France. HABITAT: Woods and open places. DISTRIBUTION: Northern United States and Canada; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Batsch, Elench. Fung. f/. 25, f. 128; Bull. Herb. Fr. 1. 457, 7.2; Sturm, Deuts. Fl. Pilze 53?: 41.6; Fries, Sv. Aetl. Svamp. /. 67; Gill. Champ. Fr. #/. 77; Bull. Conn. Geol. Nat. Hist. Surv. 3: pl 23. EXSICcCATI: Herpell, Prap. Hutpilze 25, 94; Roum. Fungi Sel. 6705; P. Karst. Fungi Fenn. 234, 20. Ceriomyces Curtisii (Berk.) Murrill, Mycologia 1: 150. 1909. Boletus Curtisti Berk.; Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. II. 12: 429. 1853.—Grevillea 1: 35. 1872. Boletus fistulosus Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 24: 144. 1897. (Type from Alabama.) Pileus hemispheric, 2-5 cm. broad, 1.5-2 cm. thick; surface glabrous, viscid, golden- yellow, changing to dull-brownish when old, cuticle very tough; margin involute in young specimens: context thin, white, pale-yellow when bruised; tubes adnate to nearly free, plane or subventricose in mass, slightly decurrent, small, 1 cm. long, light salmon-yellow, changing to brownish-yellow, mouths circular, edges thin: spores subellipsoid, smooth, ferruginous, 12-13 5-7 u: stipe subcylindric, slender, attenuated above, straw-colored or bright-yellow, nearly white at the base, viscid, glabrous, polished, reticulate, usually hollow, 2-10 cm. long, 0.5-0.8 cm. thick. TYPE LocALITy : South Carolina. HABITAT: In pine woods. ; DISTRIBUTION: Kentucky to South Carolina and Mississippi. 21. Ceriomyces inflexus (Peck) Murrill, Mycologia 1: 150. 1909. Boletus inflexus Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 22: 207. 1895. ? Boletus rubropunctus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 50: 109. 1897.— Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 94: pl. 90, f. 1-9. (Type from New York.) Pileus convex, sometimes cespitose, 2.5-4 cm. broad; surface glabrous, viscid when wet, yellow or olivaceous, becoming ochraceous-brown, often reddish on the disk ; margin thin, inflexed, concealing the marginal tubes: context white, unchanging, taste mild; tubes adnate, somewhat depressed, yellowish, becoming dingy-yellow with age and somewhat reddish-brown when injured, rather long, mouths 3-4 to a mm., circular, sometimes dotted with reddish granules: spores oblong, smooth, yellowish-brown, 10-12 4-5 : stipe rather 144 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 slender, curved, tapering above, 5-7 cm. long, 0.4-0.8 cm. thick, viscid, reddish-brown with dark fibrils or dots, pale-yellowish above and below, solid, white to pale-yellowish within. TYPE LOCALITY: Trexlertown, Pennsylvania. HABITAT: In open woods. . DISTRIBUTION: Connecticut to North Carolina and Kentucky. 22. Ceriomyces Atkinsonianus Murtill, sp. nov. Pileus convex to nearly plane, 9-14 em. broad, about 2.5 cm. thick; surface smooth, glabrous, viscid when wet, sometimes becoming rimose-areolate, leather-colored to fulvous, often with a pinkish tinge; margin -inrolled when young, extending 3 mm. beyond the tubes, entire at first, slightly hoary: context white, becoming pale rose-colored when wounded, sweet to the taste; tubes adnate, plane in mass, becoming slightly depressed near the stem, straw-colored in young plants, not changing when wounded, becoming olivaceous with age owing to the ripening of the spores, mouths small, circular, concolorous, 4-5 toa mm., not stuffed when young, edges thin, entire: spores fusiform, smooth, dark- olivaceous to dull-brownish in mass, 11-13 4-5; stipe tapering upward, somewhat bul- bous at the base, glabrous, even, subconcolorous, cartilaginous, pale-yellow at the apex, solid, white and unchanging within, about 9-12 cm. long and 1-3 cm. thick. Type collected on the ground in deciduous woods in Pink Bed Valley, North Carolina, July, 1908, W. A. Murrill & H. D. House 64. DISTRIBUTION: North Carolina and New York. ILLUSTRATION: Atk. Stud. Am. Fungi p/. 55, f. 165 (as Boletus obsoniunt). 23. Ceriomyces tabacinus (Peck) Murrill, Mycologia 1: 151. 1909. Boletus tabacinus Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 23: 418. 1896. : Pileus convex, 6-12 cm. broad; surface dry, finely tomentose, often becoming rimose- areolate, wood-brown to dark cinnamon-brown: context white, firm, unchanging when wounded, soft and tawny-brown, almost tomentose in texture at maturity, taste mild ; tubes sinuate, short, concave or nearly plane in mass, mouths small, angular or subcircular, whitish-stuffed when young, becoming pale yellowish-brown : spores very slender, smooth, pale-yellowish, 123: stipe at first almost globose, becoming subequal, thick, slightly tapering above, concolorous, reticulate, solid, 4-8 cm. long, 1-3 cm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Alabama. HasitaT: In red clay, on banks of ditches. DISTRIBUTION: Alabama. 24. Ceriomyces speciosus (Frost) Murrill, Mycologia 1: 151. 1909. Boletus speciosus Frost, Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 2: 101. 1874. Pileus thick, compact, subglobose to convex, 7-15 cm. broad; surface glabrous or sub- glabrous, smooth, slightly moist, red: context firm, lemon-yellow, changing to greenish- blue when wounded and afterwards changing back to yellow, taste nutty; tubes adnate, plane or slightly depressed, lemon-yellow, becoming dingy with age, changing to blue when wounded, mouths small, circular: spores fusiform, smooth, pale ochraceous-brown, 10-12 X 4-5: stipe stout, solid, reticulate, vivid lemon-yellow without and within, slightly reddish at the base at times, 5-10 cm. long, 2-5 cm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Brattleboro, Vermont. HapitatT: Thin deciduous woods. DISTRIBUTION : New England to North Carolina and Tennessee. 25. Ceriomyces Peckii (Frost) Murrill, Mycologia 1: 151. 1909. Boletus Peckwt Frost; Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 29: 45. 1878. Boletus roseotincius Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 27: 612. 1900. (Type from North Carolina.) Pileus rather thick, firm, convex or nearly plane, 4-7 em. broad; surface dry, subgla- brous to pruinose or slightly velvety, pale- or deep-red, usually fading to pale-tan or buff- brown with age or on drying; margin incurved, entire, concolorous: context firm, white or yellowish, bluish when bruised, taste unpleasant; tubes short, adnate or slightly decur- rent, nearly plane in mass, yellow, changing to blue when wounded, mouths minute, cir- Par? 3, 1910] BOLETACEAE 145 cular, edges uneven: spores oblong, smooth, pale ochraceous-brown, 10-12 X 4-5: stipe equal or subventricose, usually yellow above, red or purplish-red below or the entire length, reticulate, especially above, solid, 4-7 cm. long, 0.5-1.2 cm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Sandlake, New York. HapitatT: Rather open deciduous woods. DISTRIBUTION : New England to North Carolina and west to Indiana. 26. Ceriomyces Housei Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex above, nearly plane below, 3-4 cm. broad, 1 cm. thick; surface smooth, dry, minutely tomentose, chocolate-red with a velvety sheen ; margin concolorous above, slightly overlapping the tubes, reddish beneath: context firm, solid, white, unchanging ; tubes decurrent, never depressed, clear-yellow when young, dull-yellow with age, not changing when wounded, 2-4 mm. long, mouths of medium size, circular to oblong, never angled, edges thin, entire: spores smooth, oblong-ellipsoid, yellowish, with a large hyaline nucleus, 7-9 > 4-5: stipe central, cylindric, equal, subglabrous, yellow and distinctly reticulate above, dull chocolate-brown below, the base frequently mottled with yellow, solid and unchanging within, 3-5.cm. long, 5-8 mm. thick. Type collected at the Pink Beds, North Carolina, July 6, 1909, on mossy banks in deciduous thickets, H. D. House 09, 11. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 27. Ceriomyces subsanguineus (Peck) Murrill. Boletus subsanguineus Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 27: 17. 1900. Pileus convex to plane or slightly depressed, gregarious or cespitose, 5-11 cm. broad, 1-3 cm. thick; surface usually glabrous, somewhat viscid, testaceous, fading to ochraceous or isabelline, rarely pulverulent or partially rimose-areolate; margin obtuse, beveled : context thick, white, firm, changing slightly to very pale-roseous when wounded, slightly harsh or bitterish at first to the taste, but becoming mild; tubes truly adnate, separating slightly in old plants, decurrent, 5-7 mm. long, pale-yellowish, becoming brownish to purplish when bruised, mouths of medium size, edges thin: spores oblong-ovoid, smooth, very pale-yellowish, 8-9 3.5-4.5: stipe rather short, thick, tapering downward to a small radicate base, 4-7 cm. long, 1-2 cm. thick, nearly white, finely scurfy, sometimes reddish-dotted, flavous and reticulate above, solid, firm and white within. TYPE LOCALITY: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. HapiTatT: Under beech trees. DISTRIBUTION : Pennsylvania and New Jersey. 28. Ceriomyces illudens (Peck) Murrill. Boletus tlludens Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 50: 108. 1897. Pileus convex, 3-7 cm. broad ; surface dry, finely tomentose, yellowish-brown or gray- ish-brown, sometimes slightly tinged with red, especially in the center: context whitish or yellowish, rather spongy; tubes plane or convex in mass, adnate, bright-yellow, mouths large, angular or subcircular, usually larger near the stipe: spores oblong or subfusiform, olive-green fading to yellowish-brown tinged with green, 11-13 X 4-5: stipe nearly equal, usually tapering at the base, glabrous, whitish or vellowish, 3-5 cm. long, 5-10 mm. thick, coarsely reticulate entirely to the base in fully developed specimens, but only at the top in small plants. TYPE LOCALITY : Port Jefferson, New York. HABITAT : Woods and copses. DISTRIBUTION: Vermont to Alabama. 29. Ceriomyces subpallidus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus hemispheric, only slightly expanding, 5 cm. broad, 2 cm. thick; surface dry, smooth, glabrous, feeling very much like soft kid, avellaneous-isabelline, not becoming white-spotted nor having a separable pellicle; margin entire, fertile, the tubes slightly projecting: context milk-white, entirely unchanging, very light in weight, spongy-fleshy ; tubes yellow or greenish-yellow within, equaling the thickness of the context, adnate, 146 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 plane in mass, becoming somewhat depressed next to the stipe, mouths dark-melleous, becoming browner with age, slightly angular, of medium size: spores fusiform, smooth, pale-ochraceous under a microscope from dried specimens, 10-12 4-5: stipe cylindric, equal, curved at the base, white, delicately but distinctly reticulate nearly to the base, slightly pruinose, solid, white and unchanging within, about 5 cm. long and 1 cm. thick. Type collected in Pink Bed Valley, North Carolina, 1000 meters, on the ground in oak-chest- nut woods, July, 1908, W. A. Murrill &@ H. D. House 63. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 30. Ceriomyces retipes (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill, Mycologia 1: 151. 1909. Boletus retipes Berk. & Curt. Grevillea 1: 36. 1872. Boletus ornatipes Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 29: 67. 1878. (Type from New York.) Pileus convex above, concave or plane beneath, rarely cespitose, 5-12 cm. broad, 1-2 cm. thick, surface dry, opaque, somewhat viscid when wet, minutely tomentose to glabrous, sometimes covered with a yellow pulverulence, varying in color from yellow or yellowish- brown to fuliginous: context firm, light- to deep-yellow, unchanging, mild or slightly bitter; tubes adnate, slightly decurrent, somewhat depressed with age, 1 cm. or more long, clear lemon-yellow when young, becoming dull-yellow at maturity, darker with age, but not changing when wounded, mouths circular to angular, less than 1 mm. broad, slightly flesh-colored when bruised: spores oblong, smooth, yellowish-brown, 11-14 3-4.5#: stipe subequal, often bulbous at the base, distinctly and beautifully reticulate, sometimes en- tirely to the base, yellowish-pulverulent in some specimens, yellow and firm within, yellow or yellowish-brown without, 5-12 cm. long, 0.5-2 cm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: North Carolina. HABITAT: In thin woods. DISTRIBUTION : Nova Scotia to Alabama and west to Wisconsin. ILLUSTRATIONS: Atk. Stud. Am. Fungi 162; Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 10: £1. 80, f. 1-5. 31. Ceriomyces alabamensis Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus plane when expanded, solitary, 7 cm. broad ; surface smooth, glabrous, yellowish- brown, with partially separable cuticle; margin thin, fertile, subentire: context white, tinged with pink; tubes adnate, decurrent, yellowish when young, stained brown with the spores at maturity, mouths rather large, angular, irregular: spores oblong-ellipsoid, smooth, yellowish-brown, 7-9 X 3-4: stipe eccentric, flexuous, slightly tapering below, 7 cm. long, 1.3 cm. thick, concolorous, glabrous, reticulate above with brown lines. Type collected near Auburn, Alabama, July, 1896, Z. Af. Underwood & F.S. Earle. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 32. Ceriomyces guadelupensis (Pat.) Murrill. Boletus guadelupensis Pat. Bull. Soc. Myc. Fr. 16: 177. 1900. Pileus small, fleshy, convex, 2-3 cm. broad ; surface chestnut-brown, very finely tomen- tose, adorned with short, erect, floccose filaments; margin incurved, thin, appendiculate, paler: context thin, yellowish, reddish beneath the cuticle; tubes short, yellowish-brown, mouths small, angular: spores very long, oblong-ovoid, smooth, rounded at the apex, apiculate at the base, ochraceous, 1- or 2-guttulate, 16-20 x 6-8 #; cystidia prominent, cylin- dric, yellow: stipe slender, ventricose, yellow, with red striations, marked with fine, close ribs. TYPE LOCALITY: Guadeloupe. HaBITaT: On decayed wood. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 33. Ceriomyces Maxoni Murrill, Mycologia 1: 219. 1909. Pileus irregularly circular in outline, convex, slightly depressed, 7 cm. broad. 1-1.5 em, thick; surface glabrous, smooth, very dark-brown, almost black near the isco slightly lighter at the center with dark blotches, margin undulate, involute: context very Part 3, 1910] BOLETACEAE 147 fleshy; hymenium strongly concave, pure creamy-white, tubes adnate, rather short, small, angular, thin-walled, edges becoming lacerate: spores oblong-ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 2-guttulate, 9-11 3-4: stipe central, thick, tapering downward, 2.5 cm. long, 3 cm. thick above, 1.5 cm. thick at the base, smooth and glabrous below, closely and conspicu- ously reticulate above, fieshy, solid. TYPE LOCALITY: Coliblanco, Costa Rica. Hasitrat: Among mosses on a rotten log. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 34. Ceriomyces miniato-olivaceus (Frost) Murrill, Mycologia 1: 152. 1909. Boletus miniato-olivaceus Frost, Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 2: 101. 1874. Boletus sensibilis Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 32: 33. 1880. (Type from New York.) Boletus glabellus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 41: 76. 1888. (Type from New York.) Pileus firm, convex, becoming nearly plane and somewhat spongy with age, cespitose, 5-15 cm. broad ; surface finely tomentose to glabrous, sometimes rimose-areolate, vermilion, becoming olivaceous or ochraceous-red, changing to blue when handled; margin acute, slightly exceeding the pores: context pale-yellow, changing immediately to blue when wounded, mild or slightly unpleasant to the taste, said to be poisonous; tubes adnate or subdecurrent, slightly depressed, bright lemon-yellow tinged with green, becoming brown- ish-yellow with age, changing to blue when wounded, mouths subangular, of medium size: spores oblong-ellipsoid, smooth, yellowish-brown, 10-13 4-6: stipe equal or enlarged above or below, pale-yellow with pink markings, especially near the base, glabrous, faintly reticulate at the top, solid, yellow within, 6-10 cm. long, 0.5~-1.5 cm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Brattleboro, Vermont. HasitTaT: Borders of woods or open woods. DISTRIBUTION : Maine to North Carolina. ILLUSTRATION: Palmer, Mushrooms //.7, f. 4 (?). 35. Ceriomyces bicolor (Peck) Murrill, Mycologia 1: 152. 1909. Boletus bicolor Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 24: 78. 1872. Boletus rubeus Frost, Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 2: 102. 1874. (Type from Vermont.) Boletus squamulosus Ellis, Bull. Torrey Club 6: 77. 1876. (Type from New Jersey.) Not 2. sguamulosus Rostk. Boletus dichrous Ellis, Bull. Torrey Club 6: 109. 1876. Pileus somewhat irregular, firm, convex, 5-10 cm. broad; surface dry, glabrous or finely tomentose or squamulose, at times rimose-areolate with age, apple-red or purplish- red, often fading or becoming stained with yellow when old; margin irregular, sometimes upturned : context flavous, changing slowly to blue at times when wounded, then back to flavous, taste mild ; tubes short, adnate, nearly plane, flavous when young, becoming ochra- ceous with age, changing slowly to blue or greenish-blue when wounded, mouths angular, of medium size, 2-3 toa mm.: spores fusiform, smooth, pale ochraceous-brown, 10-12 4-5: stipe nearly equal, firm, solid, dark, usually yellow and sometimes slightly reticu- lated at the top, changing to greenish-blue when bruised, smooth, nearly glabrous, showing dark dots under a lens, solid, flavous within, changing slowly to blue, 4-10 cm. long, 0.7-1.5 cm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Sandlake, New York. HABITAT: Open woods. : DISTRIBUTION : New England to North Carolina and west to Ohio and Kentucky. ILLUSTRATIONS: Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 24: pi. 2, f. 5-8; Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 10: p/. 81, f. 6-11; Mcilv. Am. Fungi pi. 117, f. 1, 2. 36. Ceriomyces pallidus (Frost) Murrill, Mycologia 1: 152. 1909. Boletus pallidus Frost, Bull. Buffalo Soc, Nat. Sci. 2: 105. 1874. Pileus circular, convex to plane or depressed, 5-12 cm. broad; surface smooth, dry, glabrous, rather soft to the touch, pallid or gtayish-brown, slightly tinged with red at times; margin even, regular, rather thin, fertile, concolorous or paler: context white, be- coming slightly bluish when wounded; tubes nearly adnate, plane or depressed, rarely becoming free, of medium length, very pale-yellowish, becoming dark-flavous with age 148 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUuME 9 from the ripe spores, changing to blue when wounded, mouths small, angular to irregular, becoming uneven from the lengthening of the thin dissepiments into tooth-like projections : spores oblong-ellipsoid, smooth, ochraceous-brown, 10-13 x 4-5: stipe usually slender, cylindric, tapering upward, glabrous, even, nearly white, streaked with brown or red, at times tinged with purple and flesh-color, often reddish within, especially near the base, 6-15 cm. long, 7-15 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Brattleboro, Vermont. HABITAT: In woods. DISTRIBUTION : New England to Alabama. . ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 10: pl. 81, f. 1-5; MclIlv. Am. Fungi p/. 117, f. 4. 37. Ceriomyces subglabripes (Peck) Murrill, Mycologia 1: 153. 1909. Boletus subglabripes Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 8: 112. 1889. ; Boletus flavipes Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 39: 42. 1886. Not &. flavipes Berk. 1854. Boletus rugosiceps Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 94: 20. 1905. (Type from Long Island.) Pileus circular, rather thin, subconic or convex to nearly plane, occasionally cespi- tose, 3-10 cm. broad ; surface glabrous, subviscid when moist, rugose at times, usually so when dry, reddish, pale-chestnut, grayish-brown, golden-brown, or rarely darker-brown ; margin regular, concolorous: context white or whitish, unchangeable, of mild flavor ; tubes plane or convex, adnate or depressed, lemon-yellow, becoming greenish-yellow, or darker from the maturing spores, mouths circular to angular, regular, rather small, edges entire: spores oblong-fusiform, greenish-brown when fresh, soon changing to ochraceous-brown, 12-15 X 4-5 #: stipe central, cylindric, equal or slightly tapering upward, light-yellow with- out and within, sometimes tinged with red near the middle or lower down, striate but not reticulate, ornamented with small, pallid, scurfy particles, which sometimes partially dis- appear with age, 5-7 cm. long, 8-15 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Caroga, New York. Hasitat: Woods. DISTRIBUTION: Nova Scotia, Maine, Connecticut, New York, and Missouri. ILLUSTRATIONS: Ann. Rep. N. ¥. State Mus. 51: £7.55, Mem.N. Y. State Mus. 3: pl. 64, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 94: pl. O, f. 6-10. 38. Ceriomyces scabripes (Peck) Murrill, Mycologia 1: 153. 1909. Boletus scabripes Peck ; V. White, Bull. Torrey Club 29: 555. 1902. Pileus thick, firm, broadly convex, about 15 cm. broad; surface dry, glabrous, reddish- brown with a bloom: context mild, though not pleasant to the taste; hymenium convex; tubes adnate or slightly depressed, brown within, mouths minute, circular, somewhat darker, becoming black on drying and exuding a black juice with a strong odor: spores oblong- ellipsoid or fusiform, smooth, yellowish-brown, 11-14.< 4-5: stipe stout, equal, grayish- white, adorned with numerous small, projecting, black points, solid, but spongy within, about 10 cm. long and 2-3 cm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY : Bar Harbor, Maine. Hapitat: Rich soil in woods. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. ° 39. Ceriomyces Roxanae (Frost) Murrill, Mycologia 1: 153. 1909. Boletus Roxanae Frost, Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 2: 104. 1874. ? Boletus multipunctus Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 10: 952. bl. K, f. 19-22. 1902, (Type from New York.) , , Pileus nearly plane, thin, circular, 3-7 cm. broad; surface yellowish-brown, rarely yellow, clothed with minute, floccose tufts appearing under a lens as numerous fine warts, which partially disappear with age; margin regular, concolorous, often curving or rolling upward on drying: context thin, white, tinged with yellow ; tubes at first adnate, at length depressed, white when young, becoming pale-yellow, mouths small, regular, angular, edges thin, entire: spore soblong-ellipsoid, 1044: stipe central, cylindric, tapering apward bulbous at times at the base, yellow or yellowish-brown, striate at the apex, variable ih Sine, 4-7 cm. long, 5-15 mm. thick. , TYPE LOCALITY: Brattleboro, Vermont. HaBitaT: Borders of woods. DISTRIBUTION: Maine, Vermont, and New Vork. ParT 3, 1910] BOLETACEAE 149 40. Ceriomyces subtomentosus (L.) Murrill, Mycologia 1: 153. 1909. Boletus subtomentosus L,. Sp. Pl. 1178. 1753. Ceriomyces jujubinus procerus Batt. Fung. Hist. 64. 1755. Boletus crassipes Schaeff. Fung. Bavar. pl. 112. 1763. ? Boletus communis Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 393, B. 1788. Leceinum sublomentosum S. FE. Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 1: 647. 1821. Rostkovites subtomentosus P. Karst. Rev. Myc. 39: 16. 1881. Versipellis subtomeniosus Quél. Ench. Fung. 158. 1886. -Kerocomus subtomentosus Quél. Fl. Myc. Fr. 418. 1888. ? Boletus alutaceus Morgan ; Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 8: 109. 1889. (Type from Kentucky.) Pileus convex to expanded, 4-10 cm. broad; surface dry, tomentose, often rimose- areolate, yellowish-brown, reddish-brown or subolivaceous; margin entire, often involute when young: context white or yellowish, unchanging, yellow beneath the cuticle, taste mild; tubes adnate or slightly depressed, often becoming nearly free, yellow, unchanging when wounded, greenish-yellow at the maturity of the spores, mouths large, irregular, sometimes compound, usually angular: spores greenish when fresh, fading to yellowish- brown, subfusiform, smooth, 10-12>%4-54: stipe ventricose or nearly equal, tapering below, furfuraceous to glabrous, even, or wholly or partially reticulate, pale-yellow or slightly brownish, often flavous above, reddish-brown when bruised, solid, white or yellowish within, 4.6 cm. long, 0.5-1.5 cm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Port Jefferson, New York. HABITAT: Deciduous woods. DISTRIBUTION : Temperate North America and Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Sturm, Deuts. Fl. Pilze 5: f/. 27; Gibson, Edible Toadst. p/. 22. ExsIccaTI: Herpell, Prap. Hutpilze 16; Sydow, Myc. Mar. 3026. 41. Ceriomyces tomentipes (Earle) Murrill, Mycologia 1: 154. 1909. Boletus tomentipes Earle, Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 3: 298. 1905. Pileus thick, convex to expanded, 9-13 cm. broad, about 3 cm. thick; surface dry, minutely tomentose to glabrous, umbrinous: context whitish or discolored, changing to blue when wounded; hymenium ventricose, deeply and broadly sinuate-depressed, decur- rent; tubes sordid-yellow, becoming brick-red when wounded or on drying, mouths small, about 1 mm. broad, circular: spores ellipsoid, brownish, about 147: stipe cylindric, densely but minutely velvety-pubescent, sometimes becoming nearly glabrous above, brick- red, flecked with brown below, solid, 8-13 cm. long, 2.5-3.5 cm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Stanford University, California. HasitaT: Among decaying oak leaves. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 42. Ceriomyces fumosipes (Peck) Murrill, Mycologia 1: 154. 1909. Boletus fumosipes Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 50: 108. 1897. Pileus convex, 4-7 cm. broad, about 1-1.5 cm. thick; surface tomentose, umbrinous or dark olive-brown, very distinctly reticulate-rimose, the cracks becoming wider and whitish in color in older plants, while the areoles between contract almost into tufts, especially toward the margin ; margin entire, fertile: context firm, fleshy, white, chang- ing slowly and slightly to pale-blue, taste sweet ; tubes plane in mass, somewhat depressed at maturity, equaling the thickness of the context, greenish-white changing to dirty-white with a reddish tinge and at the same time showing a tint of pale greenish-blue when wounded, stained yellowish-brown with the mature spores: spores ellipsoid, smooth, deep ochraceous-brown, 14-16 x 7-8 #: stipe somewhat ventricose, solid, white within, changing slightly to bluish beneath the cuticle, 3-4 cm. long, 0.7-1 cm. thick, finely scabrous or scurfy, avellaneous-umbrinous, paler above, distinctly pale bluish-green at the apex. TYPE LOCALITY: Port Jefferson, New York. Hapitat: In woods, especially on roadside banks. DISTRIBUTION : New York to North Carolina and west to Kentucky. 43. Ceriomyces sordidus (Frost) Murrill, Mycologia 1: 155. 1909. Boletus sordidus Frost, Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 2: 105. 1874. Pileus convex to nearly plane, about 5 cm. broad; surface dry, subtomentose, dirty dark-brown ; margin entire: context white, slightly tinged with green; tubes rather long, 150 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 nearly free, at first white, changing to bluish-green: spores ovoid to ellipsoid, smooth, yellowish-brown, 10-12 X 5-6: stipe equal or slightly smaller at the top, brownish marked with darker streaks, usually greenish above, 5-7 cm. long, 1-1.5 cm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Brattleboro, Vermont. Hasitat: Recent excavations in woods. . DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 44. Ceriomyces communis (Bull.) Murrill, Mycologia 1: 155. 1909. Boletus communis Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 399A,C. 1788. Boletus chrysenteron Bull, Hist. Champ. Fr. 328, 1791. Versipellis chrysenteron Quél. Ench. Fung. 157. 1886. Xerocomus chrysenteron Quél, Fl. Myc. Fr. 418. 1888. Boletus fraternus Peck, Bull, Torrey Club 24: 145. 1897. (Type from Alabama.) Boletus umbrosus Atk. Jour. Myc. 8: 112. 1902. (Type from New York.) Pileus convex to expanded, depressed at times with age, gregarious, 4-8 cm. broad, 1- 2 em. thick; surface dry, tomentose to floccose-squamulose, often rimose-areolate, variable in color, usually some shade of red or purple, fading to brown (very frequently attacked by a whitish mould); margin entire, fertile: context yellowish-white to flavous, reddish beneath the cuticle, usually changing slowly to greenish or bluish when wounded, especially near the tubes, taste mild; tubes adnate, convex in mass, slightly decurrent, becoming much depressed at times with age, yellow or greenish-yellow, changing to greenish-blue when wounded, mouths large, angular, irregular, 1-2 toa mm.. spores fusiform, smooth, olivaceous when fresh, fading to pale-brownish, 11-13 4-5: stipe subcylindric, often contorted, tapering at the base, flavous above, red or streaked with red below, longitudi- nally furrowed, glabrous or minutely scurfy, solid, sometimes yellow within at the base, 3-8 cm. long, 0.3-1.5 cm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: France. HaBitatT: Woods, especially on mossy banks. DISTRIBUTION : Temperate North America; Bahamas; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Palmer, Mushr. Am. pi. 7, f.5; N. Marsh. Mushr. Book p/. 8; Gibson, Edible Toadst. #/. 22; Gill. Champ. Fr. f/.53; Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 54: p/. 76, f. 21-25. ExsiccaTi: Cavara, Fungi Longob. 158. DOUBTFUL SPECIES Boletus badiceps Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 27: 18. 1900. Described from notes and drawings made by McIlvaine from specimens collected in oak woods near Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. ‘Types destroyed. Boletus Bakert Tracy & Earle, Pl. Baker. 1: 23. 1901. Described from specimens collected in moist aspen thickets in Colorado, at an elevation of nearly 3000 meters. ‘Too near C. crassus to be recognized as distinct without the discovery of better characters. Boletus cubensis Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 304. 1868. Known only from plants collected on the ground in Cuba by Wright. The types at Kew are pressed flat and show little except the squamulose, spotted character of the surface and the copious spores, which are oblong-ellipsoid, smooth, yellowish-brown, 17-217. This species seems very near to C. guadelupensis, and C. communis is with difficulty distinguished from either, except by its smaller spores. A Ceriomyces cubensis has already been published by Patouil- lard for a plant in a different group of fungi. Boletus dictyocephalus Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 8: 111. 1889. Described from notes and a single specimen collected by C. J. Curtis in North Carolina. Type not found. Boletus eccentricus Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 27: 18. 1900. Described from notes and drawings made by McIlvaine from specimens collected in grassy places in woods at Mt. Gretna, Pennsylvania. Types destroyed. Boletus fuluus Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 27: 19. 1900. Not Boletus Julvus Scop. De- scribed from notes and drawings made by McIlvaine from twenty to thirty specimens col- lected on-and about an old stump near Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Types destroyed. Boletus ignoratus Banning ; Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 44: 185. 1891. scribed from specimens collected near Baltimore, Mar Types not found. De- yland, by Miss M. E. Banning. Parr 3, 1910} BOLETACEAE 151 Boletus leptocephalus Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 25: 371. 1898. Not Boletus leptoceph- alus Jacquin. Described from specimens collected by Earle in dry pine woods in Alabama. Too near C. crassus to be recognized as distinct without the discovery of better characters. Boletus lignatilis Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 303. 1868. Known only from Berkeley’s very brief description drawn from specimens collected on rotten wood in dense woods in Cuba. The types at Kew add nothing to the description. Boletus mutabilis Morgan, Jour. Cinc. Soc. Nat. Hist. 7: 6. A/. 7. 1884. Not Boletus mutabilis of Batsch and others. Described from Ohio. Types not seen. Peck’s New York plants of this name are either C. sordidus or Tylopilus felleus. Boletus nebulosus Peck, Ann, Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 51: 292. 1898. Described from immature specimens collected on shaded roadside banks near Raybrook, New York. It has points in common with C. sordidus and Tylopilus felleus. 7 Boletus Pocono Schw. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. II. 4: 154. 1832. Described from speci- mens collected in beech woods in the Pocono Mountains, Pennsylvania. Types destroyed and description inadequate. Boletus radicosus Bundy, Geol. Wisc. 1: 398. 1883. Bundy’s specimens are not in existence. Boletus rimosellus Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 8: 127. 1889. Described from notes and one dried specimen collected by C. J. Curtis in North Carolina. Type not found. Boletus robustus Fries, Nov. Symb. 1: 46. 1851. Described from specimens collected by Oersted in volcanic soil on the Irasi volcano, Costa Rica. The drawing made by Oer- sted represents an undeveloped specimen, which might be almost any species. The speci- mens preserved in spirit could not be found at Copenhagen. Boletus tenuiculus Frost, Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 2: 103, 1874. Described from Brattleboro, Vermont. The types are poor and the description brief. Boletus unicolor Frost; Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 8: 100. 1889. Published by Peck from manuscript only. Frost’s collection contains a single sheet with five poor speci- mens collected in pine woods and open sedgy places near Brattleboro, Vermont. 4. SUILLELLUS Murrill, Mycologia 1: 16. 1909. Hymenophore annual, terrestrial, centrally stipitate; surface glabrous or nearly so, dry or slightly viscid: context white or yellow, fleshy, considered poisonous in some species ; tubes small, yellowish within, mouths red or orange from the first, not covered with a veil : spores oblong-ellipsoid, smooth, yellowish-brown, sometimes with greenish tints: stipe solid, usually reticulate or dotted. Type species, Boletus luridus Schaeff. Pileus yellow, brown, or red. Stipe 2 cm. or less in thickness. Stipe yellow above and red below. 1. S. luridus. Stipe red the entire length, or rarely yellow at the base. Stipe reticulate. 2. S. Frostii. i Stipe not reticulate. 3. S. rubinellus. Stipe over 5 em. thick. 4. S, Eastwoodiae. Pileus olivaceous. 5. S. Morrisit. 1. Suillellus luridus (Schaeff.) Murrill, Mycologia1: 17. 1909. Boletus luridus Schaeff. Fung. Bavar. 3: pl. 107. 1770. Boletus tuberosus Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 100. 1782. Boletus rubeolarius Bull. Hist. Champ. Fr. 326. 1791. Boletus Satanas Rostk. in Sturm, Deuts. Fl. Pilze5: 97. 1844. . Boletus Sullivantii Berk. & Curt.; Mont. Syll. Crypt. 152. 1856. (Type from Ohio.) Boletus vermiculosus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Cab. 23: 130. 1872. (Type from New York.) Boletus magnisporus Frost, Bull, Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 2: 103. 1874. (Type from Vermont.) Boletus firmus Frost, Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 2: 103. 1874. (Type from Vermont.) Boletus Spraguet Frost, Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 2: 103. 1874. (Type from Vermont.) Not B, Spraguet Berk. & Curt. 1872. Boletus subvelutipes Peck, Bull. N. ¥. State Mus. 8: 142. 1889. (Type from New York.) Boletus Underwoodii Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 24: 145. 1897. (Type from Alabama.) Boletus chamaeleontinus Atk, Jour. Myc. 8: 112. 1902. (Type from New York.) ; Boletus Dartmouthi MacKay, Proc. Trans. Nova Scot. Inst. 11: 134. 1904. (Type from Nova Scotia.) Pileus convex, gregarious or subcespitose, 5-12 cm. broad; surface dry, smooth, gla- brous or minutely tomentose, sometimes clothed with rather conspicuous appressed, felted 152 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VOLUME 9 fibers, occasionally rimose-areolate, brown with shades of red or yellow, often bright brownish-red, becoming paler with age; margin thick, obtuse, entire, sometimes slightly differing in color: context firm, whitish to flavous, quickly changing to blue when wounded, sometimes unchanging in older plants, considered somewhat poisonous; tubes nearly free, rarely adnate, plane or slightly convex in mass, yellow within, changing to dark greenish- blue when wounded, mouths small, circular, cinnabar-red, becoming brownish-orange, darker with age: spores oblong-ellipsoid, smooth, olivaceous when fresh, 11-16 X 4-6z: stipe subequal, 5-10 cm. long, 1-2 cm. thick, usually furfuraceous or punctate, at times nearly glabrous, rarely reticulate at the apex or on the upper half, red or reddish-brown below, yellow or orange above, the dots rosy or dark-red, solid, vellow within, varied with red or purple. TYPE LOCALITY: Bavaria. HABITAT: Clay banks or roadsides in open deciduous woods. DISTRIBUTION : Temperate North America and Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Fries, Sv. Aetl. Svamp. f/. 12, 41; Schaeff. Fung. Bavar. p/. 107; Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 100; pl. 490, f. 1; Sturm, Deuts. Fl. Pilze 5: 2. 37; Atk. Stud. Am. Fungi /, 54; Gill. Champ. Fr. p/. 65; Palmer, Mushr. Am. p/. 9, f 3, 4. ExXsIccaTi: Herpell, Prap. Hutpilze 95; D. Sacc. Myce. Ital. 807. 2. Suillellus Frostii (Russell) Murrill, Mycologia 1: 17. 1909. Boletus Frostii Russell; Frost, Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci.2: 102. 1874. (Type from Vermont.) Boletus alveolatus Berk. & Curt.; Frost, Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 2: 102. 1874. (Type from New England.) Pileus convex to plane, gregarious, 6-15 cm. broad; surface glabrous, shining, viscid in damp weather or when young, blood-red, sometimes paler-red with patches of yellow: context firm, juicy, white or yellowish, scarcely changing to greenish-blue when wounded, taste mild; tubes adnate, subdecurrent, depressed, straw-yellow within, changing slowly to greenish-blue when injured, yellowish-brown with age, mouths large, stuffed, edges blood-red: spores oblong-ellipsoid, smooth, brownish-yellow, with a greenish tinge when fresh, 12-15 4-5: stipe subventricose, tapering upward, blood-red, sometimes with yellow stains, becoming bluish-green when handled, deeply and beautifully alveolate-reticu- late its entire length, solid, firm, yellowish within, 7-10 & 2 cm. TYPE LOCALITY: Brattleboro, Vermont. Hasitat: Thin, grassy oak woods. DISTRIBUTION : New England to Virginia and west to Indiana and Tennessee. ILLUSTRATIONS: Gibson, Edible Toadst. pl. 24, f. 7; Palmer, Mushr. Am. f/.9, f. 2; Bull. N. Y¥. State Mus. 116: p/. 108, f. 1-5. 3. Suillellus rubinellus (Peck) Murrill. Boletus rubinellus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 32: 33. 1880. Pileus convex or subconical to plane, often umbilicate, gregarious, 1.5-5 cm. broad; surface reddish-brown, fading to yellow on the margin with age, slightly pubescent, some- what viscid when moist ; margin often recurved, thin, somewhat undulate: context white or pinkish, becoming yellowish when bruised, taste mild; tubes adnate or slightly depressed, 5 mm. long, mouths at first reddish, but soon turning brown, not changing color when bruised, small, circular or somewhat angular : spores oblong, fusiform, ferru- ginous-brown, 10-14 X 3-44: stipe equal, slender, even, pinkish-red changing to brown, solid, pale-yellow within, deeper yellow toward the base, often yellow externally at the base, 1-4 cm. long, 2.5-7.5 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Gansevoort, New York. HasBitatT: On the ground in coniferous or mixed woods. DISTRIBUTION: New York to North Carolina and Kentucky. ILLUSTRATION: Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 12: p/. 2, f. 20-22. 4, Suillellus Eastwoodiae Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus thick, compact, hemispheric, solitary, nearly 10 cm. broad ; surface smooth, glabrous, shining, not at all viscid, very light-brown ; margin entire, slightly projecting, concolorous: context firm, nearly white with a yellowish tinge, changing to blue when wounded and later returning to ifs original color; tubes adnate, separating with age, about Part 3, 1910] BOLETACKAE 153 1 cm. long, concave to plane in mass, yellowish, mouths small, angular, pink: spores oblong-ellipsoid, smooth, pale yellowish-brown under a microscope from dried specimens, 11-12.5 X 4-5: stipe very much swollen at the center, contracted at the apex and base, perfectly even and glabrous, concolorous with a rosy tint in certain parts, yellowish at the base, solid, yellowish-white within, 9 cm. long, 7 cm. thick at the center. Type collected near San Francisco, California, November, 1903, Alice Eastwood. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 5. Suillellus Morrisii (Peck) Murrill. Boletus radicans Morgan, Jour. Cine. Soc. Nat. Hist. 7: 6. 1884. Not &. radicans Pers. 1801. Boletus Morrisit Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 36: 154. 1909. Pileus convex, gregarious or at times subcespitose, 3-8 cm. broad, 1-2 cm. thick; surface dry, finely pulverulent, dark-fiavovirens to light-olivaceous, becoming partially or wholly glabrous and dull reddish-brown ; margin thin, inflexed, projecting beyond the tubes, often radially cracked: context flavous, unchanging, rather thin, sweet ; tubes long, flavous to melleous or greenish-yellow, much depressed near the stem, mouths subcircular, the extreme edges usually distinctly orange or testaceous: spores oblong-fusiform, smooth, yellowish-green, 12-14 « 4-5 u: stipe subfusiform, flavous, distinctly punctate with reddish dots nearly to the apex, solid, yellow or dark-purplish within, 4-8 cm. long, 8-12 mn. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Ellis, Massachusetts. HasitatT: Sandy soil in deciduous or mixed woods. DISTRIBUTION : Massachusetts, New Jersey, Ohio, and Kentucky. DOUBTFUL SPECIES Boletus parvus Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 24: 145. 1897. Described from specimens collected by L. M. Underwood in grassy woods near Auburn, Alabama. Types not found. 5. ROSTKOVITES P. Karst. Rev. Myc. 3°: 16. 1881. Hymenophore annual, terrestrial, stipitate; surface viscid, glabrous or hirtellous: con- text fleshy, yellowish; tubes adnate, angular, yellow, not covered with a veil, exuding viscid drops which blacken on drying : spores oblong-ellipsoid, smooth, yellowish-brown : stipe solid, glandular-dotted, exannulate, not reticulate. Type species, Rostkovites granulatus (L.) P. Karst. Pileus glabrous or nearly so. Pileus brown when moist, yellowish on drying ; stem over8 mm. in diameter. 1. &. granulatus. Pileus yellow, often streaked with bright-red ; stem usnally slender, 8 mm. or less in diameter. 2. R. subaureus. Pileus adorned with conspicuous tufts of hairs, 3. R. hirtellus, 1. Rostkovites granulatus (L.) P. Karst. Rev. Myc. 3°: 16. 1881. Boletus granulatus I,. Sp. Pl. 1177. 1753. Boletus lactifluus With. Brit. Pl. ed. 2.3: 415. 1792. Boletus circinans Pers. Neues Mag. Bot. 1: 107. 1794. Leccinum lactifiuum S. F. Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 1: 647. 1821. Boletus collintius Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Cab. 23: 129. 1872. Boletus albus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Cab. 23: 130. 1872. (Type from New York.) Boletus viscosus Frost, Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 2: 101. 1874. (Type from Vermont.) Not &. viscosus Venturi. Boletus punctipes Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 32: 32. 1880. (Type from New York.) Boletus brevipes Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 38: 110. 1885. Viscipellis granulaia Quél, Ench. Fung. 156. 1886. Ixocomus granulaius Quél. Fl. Myc. Fr. 412. 1888, Pileus subhemispheric to nearly plane, gregarious, rarely cespitose or solitary, 4-10 cm. broad, 1-1.5 cm. thick; surface very viscid, with easily separable cuticle, very variable in color, usually pinkish-gray to reddish-brown, fading to yellowish, often obscurely spotted, especially at the center; margin sterile, projecting, incurved and somewhat ap- pendiculate when young: context thick, compact, elastic, pale-yellow next to the tubes, white above, unchanging when wounded, taste mild, somewhat mucilaginous ; tubes short, 164 \NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 less than 5 mm., adnate, subdecurrent, plane in mass, pale-yellow to dirty-yellowish, unchanging when wounded, mouths simple, subcircular, irregular, edges rather thick, flecked with pinkish-brown glandules: spores fusiform, pale yellowish-brown, 7.5-9.5 X 2.5-3.5 #: stipe short, thick, subequal or enlarged below, white or pale-yellow, dotted with pinkish-brown droplets which become darker on drying, solid, white within, 2.5-5 cm. long, 1-1.5 cm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Sweden. HABITAT: Open woods, especially near coniferous trees. . DISTRIBUTION : Temperate North America; Cinchona, Jamaica, 1666 m.; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Barla, Champ. Nice fl. 31, f. ¢-12 ; Gill. Champ. Fr. p/. 61; Lucand, Champ. Fr. pl. 149; Sturm, Deuts. Fl. Pilze 52: p/, 3; Fries, Sv. Aetl. Svamp. pl. 237; Atk. Stud. Am. eas x: oe Mem. N. Y. State Mus. 3: pl. 66, f 1-6; Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 48: pl. 34, f. 5; 49: pl. 48, f. 1-5. EXSICCATI Sate & Ev. Fungi Columb. 1/05; Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 1931, 3512; Herpell, Prap. Hutpilze 7? ; C. Baker, Pacif. Slope Fungi 97. 2. Rostkovites subaureus (Peck) Murrill, Mycologia 1: 13. 1909. Boletus flavidus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Cab. 23: 129. 1872. Not B. favidus Fries, 1815. Boletus subaureus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 39: 42. 1886. Boletus americanus Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 1”: 62. 1887. (Type from New York.) Pileus thin, convex to expanded, sometimes umbonate, 5-10 cm. broad; surface very viscid, yellow, often dotted or streaked with bright-red, dingy with age, sometimes spotted from the drying of the gluten; margin slightly tomentose or appendiculate when young: context comparatively thick, fleshy-tough, pale-yellow, pinkish-gray when wounded, taste mild; tubes adnate, scarcely decurrent, plane in mass, bright-yellow to dull-ochraceous, flecked with yellowish, exuding drops which blacken with age, mouths rather large, angular, edges obtuse: spores oblong-ellipsoid, smooth, ochraceous-ferruginous, 8.5-11 X 4-5: stipe slender, tapering upward, yellow, darker towards the base, covered with numerous brownish or reddish-brown glandular dots which blacken with age, solid, yellow within, 4-7 cm. long, 4-8 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Day, New York. HaBiTaT: Woods and borders, especially near coniferous trees. DISTRIBUTION: Eastern North America. ILLUSTRATIONS: Atk, Stud. Am. Fungi “#166; Bull. Conn. Geol. Nat. Hist. Surv. 3: £7.29; Mem. N. Y. State Mus. 3: p/. 61, f. 6-23. 3. Rostkovites hirtellus (Peck) Murrill, Mycologia 1: 14. 1909. Boletus hirtelius Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 8: 94. 1889. Pileus broadly convex, subcespitose, 5-10 cm. broad; surface soft, viscid, golden-yel- low, adorned with small tufts of hairs or fibrils: context pale-yellow; tubes adnate, of medium size, becoming dingy-ochraceous, mouths angular: spores pale ochraceous-brown, 9-10 X 4: stipe stout, equal, glandular-dotted, yellow, 4-7 cm. long, 0.8-1.2 em. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: New York. HaBitTat: Sandy soil under pines. DISTRIBUTION: Connecticut and New York. 6. BOLETUS (Dill.) L. Sp. Pl. 1177. 1753. Suillus Poir. in Lam. Encyc. 7: 496. 1806. , Pinuzza S, F. Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 1: 646. 1821, Cricunopus P. Karst. Rev. Myc. 39: 16. 1881. Viscipellis Quél. Ench. Fung. 155. 1886. Hymenophore annual, terrestrial, centrally stipitate ; surface viscid, glabrous: context fleshy, white or yellowish ; tubes adnate, small, angular, yellowish, covered with a whitish veil: spores oblong-ellipsoid or rarely globose, smooth, yellowish-brown : stipe solid, annulate, often glandular-dotted. Type species, Boletus luteus L. Stem glandular-dotted. Stem not at all reticulate. 1 Stem reticulate above the annulus. 2 Stem not glandular-dotted. Spores globose or subglobose. 3 Spores oblong-ellipsoid. 4 . luteus, - amabilis, B B . B. sphaerosporus. B, Clinionianus. Part 3, 1910] BOLETACEAE 155 1. Boletus luteus L. Sp. Pl. 1177. 1753. Boletus annulatus Pers. Syn. Fung. 503. 1801. Boletus salmonicolor Frost, Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 2: 100. 1874. (Type from Vermont.) Cricunopus luteus P. Karst. Rev. Myc. 39: 16. 1881. Viscipeilis luteus Quél. Ench. Fung. 155. 1886. Boletus subluieus Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 12: 62. 1887. (Type from New Vork.) Ixocomus luteus Quél. FL Myc. Fr. 414. 1888. Boletus acidus Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 105: 15. 1906. (Type from New York.) Pileus convex, solitary, 5-10 cm. broad; surface smooth, glabrous, very viscid, yellow- ish-brown, grayish-brown or reddish-brown, sometimes streaked, becoming darker and duller with age; margin thin, entire or undulate: context compact, pale-yellowish, darker with age, unchanging when wounded, edible; tubes 1.5-2.5 mm. long, plane or convex in mass, adnate or slightly decurrent, somewhat depressed, dark-melleous, unchanging when wounded, darker with age, mouths 1 mm. in diameter, nearly circular, edges adorned with reddish-brown dots: spores oblong-fusiform, smooth, yellowish-brown, 6-9 K 2.54: stipe slightly tapering downward, pale-yellow to reddish-brown, glandular-dotted both above and below the annulus, solid, yellowish and unchanging within, about 3-6 cm. long, 1-2 em. thick; annulus large, membranous, white to slightly brownish, glandular-dotted, persistent, TYPE LOCALITY: Sweden. Hazitat: Sandy soil in coniferous or mixed woods. DISTRIBUTION : Eastern United States ; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Gill. Champ. Fr. /. 66; Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 105: £2. T, f. 1-6; Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 48: 7.33, f. I-12; Barla, Champ. Nice pl. 31; f. 1-3; Sturm, Deuts. Fl. Pilze 54: pl. 1; Krombh. Abbild. Be. 33; ‘Atk, Stud, Am. Fungi f. 168, 169. EXSICCATI: Shear, N. Y. Fungi 28 ; Herpell, Prap. Hutpilze 34, il4 ; Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 1930; Sydow, Myc. Mar. 1411, 2. Boletus amabilis Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 27: 612. 1900. Pileus circular, convex, 5-18 cm. in diameter; surface glabrous, reddish-tawny, with small brown or blackish-brown spots in dried specimens, probably viscid when fresh ; mar- gin even, sterile, concolorous: context pallid; tubes radiating, decurrent to the annulus, short, yellow, mouths angular, radially elongate, edges thin, entire: stipe equal or slightly tapering downward, paler than the pileus, reticulate above the small whitish annulus, solid, 2.5-5 cm. long, 8-16 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Colorado. HABITAT: Dense spruce woods. DISTRIBUTION: Colorado. 3. Boletus sphaerosporus Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 12: 33. 1885. Pileus circular, convex, 7-15 cm. broad; surface smooth, glabrous, viscid, cream-col- ored when young, becoming reddish-brown with age; margin thin, even, regular, sterile, often inflexed when dry, ornamented with portions of the veil: context pale-yellowish, becoming brownish with age: tubes adnate or somewhat decurrent, pale-yellow or yellow- ish-buff, becoming olive-brown or brown with age, tinged with green at times, mouths large, angular, uneven, shallow near the margin, edges thin, some of them elongated into coarse teeth: spores globose or broadly ellipsoid, 7.5-9 long: stipe thick, equal, 3-7 cm. long, 1.5-3 em. thick, reticulate at the apex'only, or for half the distance downward, bearing near the base a very conspicuous white, membranous, sheathing, persistent annulus. TYPE LOCALITY: Madison, Wisconsin. Hasitat: Low ravines and sandy places in woods, occasionally about stumps. DISTRIBUTION: Wisconsin, Iowa, and Minnesota. 4. Boletus Clintonianus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Cab. 23: 128. 1872. Boletus viridarius Frost, Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 2: 100. 1874. (Type from Vermont.) Boletus serotinus Frost, "Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 2: 100. 1874. (‘Type from Vermont.) Pileus convex, gregarious, 5~12 cm. broad; surface golden-yellow to chestnut, becom- ing darker with age, smooth, viscid, glabrous, with separable cuticle; margin at first in- 156 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 curved, then thin and spreading: context 5 mm. or more thick, soft, pale-vellow or golden~ yellow, becoming very slightly greenish when wounded, taste mild; tubes 5-7 mm. long, nearly plane in mass, adnate or subdecurrent, not depressed, pale-yellow to melleous, slightly discolored within when wounded, mouths subcircular, more or less compound, small, rather irregular, edges acute, changing to reddish or purplish-brown when bruised : spores oblong, brownish-ochraceous, 10-12 X 4-5: stipe subequal, straw-yellow and slightly reticulate at the apex, reddish-chestnut and even below, solid, straw-yellow within, becom- ing slightly reddish when bruised, 5-12 cm. long, 1-2 cm. thick; annulus cottony-white or yellowish, ample, persistent, often appearing double. TYPE LOCALITY: North Elba, New York. HasitaT: Shaded grassy places. DISTRIBUTION : Canada and the northeastern United States south to New Jersey. ILLUSTRATIONS: Mem. N. Y. State Mus. 3: pl. 67, f. 1-8; Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Cab. 23: pi. 5, f. 1-5; Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 5: pl. 61, f. 6-10. DOUBTFUL SPECIES Boletinus glandulosus Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 131: 34. 1909. Described from specimens collected by Hay in New Brunswick. Probably not distinct from Boletus aeru- ginascens Secr. (Mycogr. Suisse 2: 6. 1833), with which B. viscidus Fries (Epicr. Myc. 423. 1838. Not B. viscidus L. 1753) is synonymous. ‘2. tridentinus Bres. and B. larici- nus Berk. are very closely related species, showing the same large, radiating pores. Boletus elbensis Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Cab. 23: 129, 1872. Described from North Elba, New York. This species was formerly considered a variety of B. luteus having rather large pores. The original specimens appear to have been destroyed, but those now at Albany under this name correspond rather closely with Boletinus glandulosus Peck. 7. BOLETELLUS Murrill, Mycologial: 9. 1909. Hymenophore anuual, epixylous, centrally stipitate; surface floccose-verrucose, yel- lowish: context light-colored, fleshy; tubes angular, depressed, yellowish, covered with a veil: spores oblong-ellipsoid, smooth, ferruginous: stipe solid, white, not reticulate. Type species, Boletus Ananas M. A. Curt. 1. Boletellus Ananas (M. A. Curt.) Murrill, Mycologia 1: 10. 1909. Boletus Ananas M. A. Curt. Am. Jour. Sci. IT. 6: 351. 1848. Boletus tsabellinus Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 24: 146. 1897. (Type from Mississippi.) Pileus convex to expanded, somewhat irregular, 5-10 cm. broad; surface light-tan with a pinkish tinge to pinkish-brown, covered with a thick coat of conspicuous, imbricate, floccose scales, which are reddish flesh-colored fading to almost white; margin thin, lacerate, appendiculate : context white or cream-colored, changing to bluish when wounded ; tubes plane in mass, adnexed, bright-yellow or tawny-yellow, sometimes with a pinkish tinge, becoming greenish-blue when injured, mouths of medium size, angular, edges thin : spores ellipsoid, longitudinally striate, dark-brown, 16-18 6-8: stipe 5-10 cm, long, 1-2 cm. thick, cylindric, even, pure-white or very light-brownish, sometimes tinged with pink, changing to duil-red when wounded, solid or slightly hollow within; veil present in young stages, but mostly clinging to the margin of the pileus, leaving only a slight trace of an annulus in mature specimens. TYPE LOCALITY Santee River, South Carolina. HaBiTaT: Parasitic on wounded pine trunks or about the base of living pine trees. DISTRIBUTION : North Carolina to Alabama and Mississippi. 8. PULVEROBOLETUS Murrill, Mycologia 1: 9. 1909, , Hymenophore annual, terrestrial, centrally stipitate; surface of pileus and stipe clothed with a conspicuous sulphur-yellow, powdery tomentum, which may be the remains of a universal veil: context white, fleshy; tubes adnate, yellowish, covered with a large veil: spores oblong-ellipsoid, ochraceous-brown : stipe solid, annulate, not reticulate. Type species, Boletus Ravenelii Berk. & Curt. Part 3, 1910] BOLETACEAE 157 1. Pulveroboietus Ravenelii (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill, Mycologia 1: 9. 1909. Boletus Raveneht Berk, & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. II. 12: 429. 1853. Pileus convex or nearly plane, 3-10 cm. broad, 1-3 cm. thick; surface smooth, slightly viscid when wet, subfibrillose and pulverulent, becoming glabrous on the disk, isabelline - to testaceous or latericeous, the pulverulence being sulphur-yellow ; margin entire, flavous: context white or very light-yellow, changing slowly to bluish when wounded; tubes plane in mass, adnate, depressed, pale-yellow to umbrinous-olivaceous, changing to greenish-blue when injured, mouths of medium size, subcircular or slightly sinuate: spores ellipsoid, olive-green when fresh, becoming ochraceous-brown, 10-12 5-64: stipe cylindric, equal, clothed and colored like the young pileus, solid, yellow within, not changing to blue when wounded, 5-10 cm. long, 0.5-1.3 cm. thick; veil large and conspicuous, bright lemon-yellow, remaining attached to the stipe in the form of a slight, evanescent, tomen- tose annulus. TYPE LOCALITY: South Carolina. HABITAT: In deep shade, especially in thickets of Kalmia and Rhododendron. DISTRIBUTION: New England to the Gulf of Mexico. 9. STROBILOMYCES Berk. Outl. Brit. Fungol. 236. 1860. Eriocorys Quél. Ench. Fung. 163. 1886. Hymenophore annual, terrestrial, centrally stipitate; surface of pileus and stipe black- ish and shaggy: context white, at first fleshy, becoming tough; tubes angular, adnate, white when young, covered with a floccose veil: spores globose or broadly ellipsoid rugulose, blackish-brown: stipe solid, not reticulate. Type species, Boletus strobilaceus Scop. 1. Strobilomyces strobilaceus (Scop.) Berk. Outl. Brit. Fungol. 236. 1860. Boletus strobilaceus Scop. Anni Hist.-Nat. 4: 148. 1770. Boletus strobiliformis Dicks, Pl. Crypt. Brit. 1: 17. 1785. Boletus squarrosus Pers. Myc. Eur. 2: 145. 1825. Boletus coniferus Pers, Myc. Eur, 2: 146. 1825. Boletus siygius Wallr. Fl. Crypt. Germ. 4: 608. 1833. Eriocorys strobilacea Quél. Ench. Fung. 163. 1886. Pileus hemispheric to expanded, 5-10 cm. broad; surface dry, soft and spongy, blackish-umbrinous, adorned with thick, projecting, floccose, squarrose, blackish scales ; margin fringed with scales and fragments of the veil: context white or whitish, changing to red and then to black when wounded, mild to the taste, edible; tubes adnate, often depressed, white or cinereous, changing like the context when wounded, becoming brown or blackish with age, mouths large, angular: spores subglobose, asperulate, blackish-brown, 8-11 long: stipe equal or slightly tapering upward, sulcate-striate at the apex, densely floccose-tomentose, brown or blackish below, lighter above, solid, firm, fragile, 6-12 cm. long, 1-2 em. thick ; veil dense, cottony, white to grayish, adhering to the margin and to the stipe in mature plants. TYPE LOCALITY: Carniola. HasitaT: Shaded banks in woods. DISTRIBUTION : Temperate North America and Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Pers. Myc. Eur.2: pl. 19; Dicks. Pl. Crypt. Brit.1: £23, f.2; Atk. Stud. Am. Fungi pl. 58, f. 173, 174; Gibson, Edible Toadst. f/. 23; Palmer, Mushr. Am. fl. 7, 6; Gill. Champ. Fr. £/.79; Sturm, Deuts. Fl. Pilze 5: £2. 38; Bull. N. VY. State Mus. 94: p/. 92, f. 1-6; C. G. Lloyd, Phot. 26, 44; Richon & Roze, Atl. Champ. pi. 53. Exsiccati: Underw. & Cook, Ilust. Fungi ZZ. DOUBTFUL SPECIES Strobilomyces coccineus Sacc. Syll. Fung. 6: 50. 1888. (Boletus coccineus Fries, Epicr. Myc. 423. 1838. Not 2. coccineus Bull. 1791.) This species, of doubtful affinities and doubtful locality, is based upon a brief description and afigure (Piumier, Traité Foug. pl. 167, f. A, A). 158 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 10. BOLETINELLUS Murrill, Mycologia 1: 7. 1909. Hymenophore annual, terrestrial or sometimes attached to buried roots, pileus circular, varying to dimidiate at times; surface dry, minutely tomentose to floccose-tomentose: con- text white or yellowish, fleshy; tubes decurrent, large, shallow, elongate, not easily sepa- rating, radiating, yellow, not covered with a veil: spores ellipsoid, smooth, some shade of brown : stipe central, eccentric or lateral, solid, fleshy, or spongy. Type species, Boletinus porosus Peck. Stem eccentric or lateral ; pileus reddish-brown, glabrousor minutely tomentose. 1. B. meruliordes. Stem central. Pileus dark-chestnut, subtomentose. 2. B. castanellus, Pileus bright-red, floccose-tomentose. 3. B. paluster. 1. Boletinellus merulioides (Schw.) Murrill, Mycologia 1: 7. 1909. Daedalea merulioides Schw. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. II. 4: 160. 1832. Paxillus porosus Berk.; Lea, Cat. Pl. Cine. 54. 1849. Boletus lateralis Bundy, Geol. Wisc. 1: 398. 1883. Boletinus porosus Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 8: 79. 1889. Pileus thin, irregular, usually lobed, more or less deeply depressed at maturity, gre- garious, 5-12 cm. broad; surface dry, minutely tomentose, dull reddish-brown ; margin undulate or deeply lobed: context 5-10 mm. thick, yellow, changing slowly to bluish-green when wounded, having a musty or unpleasant odor; tubes decurrent, hymenium honey- yellow when young, becoming dull-yellow with age, often changing slightly to blue when wounded, tubes formed by radiating lamellae 2-3 mm. apart, branching and connected by numerous irregular veins of less prominence: spores subovoid to ellipsoid, smooth, yellow to brownish-ochraceous, 8-11 < 5-7 «: stipe lateral or excentric, tough, expanded into the pileus, reticulate at the apex by the decurrent walls of the tubes, concolorous, clothed like the pileus, hollow, 1-3cm. long, 8-12 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Pennsylvania. HABITAT: Shaded banks or wet places, especially about stumps and decaying roots. DISTRIBUTION : Canada to Alabama and west to Wisconsin. ILLUSTRATIONS: Atk. Stud. Am. Fungi p/.57; McIlv. Am. Fungi f/. 177; Bull. Conn. Geol. Nat. Hist. Surv. 3: p/. 28. : - ee Ellis, Ev. & Barth. Fungi Columb. 7977, Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 704; Shear, N. Y. ungi 27. 2. Boletinellus castanellus (Peck) Murrill, Mycologia 1: 8. 1909. Boletinus castanellus Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 27: 613. 1900. Pileus convex or nearly plane, 2.5-4 cm. broad; surface dry, subtomentose, soft, spongy, dark-chestnut: context white or yellowish-white; tubes adnate or slightly decur- rent, nearly plane in mass, brown, mouths large, angular: spores ellipsoid, 7.5-10X 54: stipe short, concolorous, glabrous, slightly reticulate at the apex, solid, whitish or grayish within, 2.5 cm. long, 4-8 cm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: New Jersey. HaBITaT: Woods. DISTRIBUTION : New York to Virginia, 3. Boletinellus paluster (Peck) Murrill, Mycologia 1: 8. 1909. Boletus paluster Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Cab. 23: 132. 1872. Boletinus paluster Peck, Bull. N.Y. State Mus. 8: 78. 1889. Pileus thin, broad, convex to plane or slightly depressed, at times with a small umbo, 3-7 cm, broad, 1.5-2 cm. thick; surface floccose-tomentose, bright-red; margin thin, sub- incurved: context yellowish-white, unchangeable, comparatively thick; tubes slightly de- current, short, yellow, changing to bluish-green when wounded, becoming sordid-ochraceous with age, mouths very large, 1-2 mm. in radial diameter, compound, angular ; spores ellip- soid, dirty greenish-yellow when fresh, becoming pinkish-brown, 6-8 X 2.544: stipe slender, yellow and striate at the apex, minutely squamulose, strongly tinged with red yellow and tomentose at the base, solid, 2.5-5 cm, long, 4-6 cm. thick. Part 3, 1910] BOLETACEAE 159 TYPE LOCALITY: North Elba, New York. HABITAT: Wet places, usually among moss. DISTRIBUTION: Ontario to New Jersey. ILLUSTRATION: Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Cab. 23: pl. 6, f. 4-7. EXSICCATI: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 7932; Ellis, Ev. & Barth. Fungi Columb. 2307. 11. BOLETINUS Kalchb. Ic. Hymen. Hung. 52. 1877. Luryporus Quél Ench. Fung. 163. 1886. Boletopsis P, Henn. in E. & P. Nat. Pfl. 1**: 194, 1899, Hymenophore annual, terrestrial or rarely epixylous, centrally stipitate; surface dry, minutely silky to fibrillose or squamose: context whitish or yellowish, fleshy or spongy ; tubes large, shallow, elongate, tough, not easily separating, radiately arranged, adnate or slightly decurrent, yellowish, covered with a veil: spores elongate, smooth, yellowish- brown to purplish-brown, sometimes with greenish tints: stipe more or less annulate, spongy or hollow within. Type species, Boletus cavipes Opat. Stipe hollow; pileus tawny-brown, fibrillose-squamulose. 1. B. cavipes. Stipe solid. Pileus whitish or grayish, slightly squamulose. 2. B. grisellus, Pileus yellow or yellowish. Pileus 9 cm. or less broad. 3. B. Berkeleyt. Pileus 10 cm. or more broad. 4. B. appendiculatus. Pileus red or reddish, conspicuously squamose. Spores purplish-brown; scales scattered. 5. B. spectabilts, Spores ochraceous-brown ; scales dense. 6. B. pictus. 1. Boletinus cavipes (Opat.) Kalchb. Ic. Hymen. Hung. 52. 1877. Boletus cavipes Opat. Comm. Bolet.11. 1836. Boletus ampliporus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 26: 67. 1874. (Type from New York.) Pileus broadly convex, rather tough, flexible, usually subumbonate, 3.5-10 cm. broad ; surface soft, fibrillose-squamulose, tawny-brown, sometimes tinged with reddish or pur- plish: context thin, yellowish ; tubes slightly decurrent, pale-yellow when young, darker and tinged with green at maturity, becoming dingy-ochraceous with age: spores ellipsoid, olivaceous when fresh, changing later to yellowish-ochraceous, 7.5-10 <4: stipe equal or slightly tapering upward, slightly fibrillose or floccose, tawny-brown or yellowish-brown, yellowish at the apex, hollow within, sometimes stuffed when young, 3.5-7 em. long, 6-12 mim. thick; veil white, evanescent, partly adhering to the margin of the pileus and partly to the stipe in the form of a delicate annulus. TYPE LOCALITY: Hungary. HaBitaT: Swamps or damp mossy places. DISTRIBUTION : New England and New York ; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Kalchb. Ic. Hymen. Hung. £/. 312; Gill, Champ. Fr. pl. 52. 2. Boletinus grisellus Peck, Mem. N. Y. State Mus. 3: 169. 1900. Pileus convex to nearly plane, 3-7 cm. broad; surface dry, slightly fibrillose-squamu- lose, whitish or grayish, sometimes tinged with yellow: context white, unchanging; tubes adnate or slightly decurrent, grayish, becoming brownish with age, mouths rather large and angular: spores oblong or ellipsoid, ferruginous-brown, 7.5-10 X4-5 uw: stipe equal or slightly tapering upward, whitish or pallid, slightly reticulate at the apex by the decurrent walls of the tubes, 2.5-5 cm. long, 0.5~1 cm. thick; veil in young plants slight, webby or fibrillose, soon disappearing. TypE Locality: Natick, Massachusetts. HABITAT: Under or near tamarack trees. DISTRIBUTION: Massachusetts. ILLUSTRATION : Mem. N. Y. State Mus. 3: pl. 52, f. 13-19. 3. Boletinus Berkeleyi Murrill, Mycologia 1: 6. 1909. Boletus decipiens Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. II. 12: 430. 1853. Not B. decipiens Schrad. 1794 Boletinus decipiens Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus, 8: 78. 1889. Pileus convex above, nearly plane below, becoming somewhat irregular on expanding, 7-9 cm. broad, about 3 cm. thick at the center; surface dry, minutely silky, slightly scaly 160 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 on the disk, whitish-yellow or dirty yellowish-brown, sometimes faintly speckled; margin acute, entire, appendiculate: context yellow, taste mild; tubes scarcely decurrent, adnate, plane or somewhat concave in mass, yellow, becoming brownish-yellow with age: spores rather small, oblong, ochraceous-ferruginous, 8-10 X3-4: stipe equal, usually curved, tapering below, brownish-yellow, subfloccose to glabrous, solid or spongy and yellow within, 5-8 cm. long, 0.7-1.5 cm. thick ; veil floccose, evanescent, adhering partly to the margin and partly to the summit of the stipe in the form of a slight annulus. TYPE LOCALITY: South Carolina. HasitaT: Thin woods. . DISTRIBUTION: New Jersey to Florida and west to Kentucky. 4. Boletinus appendiculatus Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 23: 418. 1896. Pileus convex, 10-20 cm. broad; surface glabrous, ochraceous-yellow ; margin appen- diculate, with a thin, incurved, conspicuous veil: context pale-yellow, unchanging; tubes yellow, becoming darker or brownish when wounded, mouths rather small, angular, unequal : spores oblong-ellipsoid, pale-yellow, 10-124: stipe slightly thickened at the base, yel- low, solid, 5~7 cm. long, 8-12 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Washington, D.C. HasitaT: Under fir trees. . DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 5. Boletinus spectabilis Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Cab. 23: 128. 1872. Pileus broad, convex, 5-10 cm. broad; surface bright-red, viscid when moist, at first covered with a red tomentum, becoming squamose and fading to grayish-red or yellowish- brown : context whitish or pale-yellow, becoming deeper yellow on exposure, emitting a strong, unpleasant odor; tubes adnate, convex in mass, ochraceous, concealed at first by a reddish, glutinous membrane, mouths large, angular: spores oblong-ellipsoid, pointed at one end, usually with one or two nuclei, cremeous-melleous or darker under a microscope, purplish-brown in mass, 12-14 5x: stipe subequal, yellow above the annulus, red or yel- lowish-red below, 7-12 cm. long, 8-12 mm. thick ; veil tomentose when young, remaining in the form of scales on the pileus and a ring on the stipe. TYPE LOCALITY : North Elba, New York. HABITAT: Exposed northern swamps. DISTRIBUTION: Canada to New York and west to Wisconsin. ss Pao a Ann. Rep. N, Y. State Cab. 23: 61.6, f 1-3; Mem. N. Y. State Mus. 3: pl. 6. Boletinus pictus Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 8: 77. 1889. Boletus pictus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Cab. 23: 128. 1872. Boletus Spraguet Berk, & Curt. Grevillea 1: 35. 1872, (Type from New England.) Boletus Murraii Berk. & Curt. Grevillea 1: 36. 1872. Pileus convex to expanded, gregarious, 5-8 cm. broad; surface dry or slightly viscid, imbricate-scaly, at first deep-red, later becoming fawn-colored owing to the separation of the dense, fibrillose tomentum into scales; margin often appendiculate: context thick, tough, creamy-yellow, changing slowly to pinkish when bruised, becoming yellowish- brown with age; tubes adnate, somewhat decurrent, not depressed, short, pale-yellow, sometimes changing to pinkish-brown when bruised, becoming dull yellowish-brown with age, mouths angular, large, compound: spores ellipsoid, smooth, stramineous under a microscope, ochraceous or pale-brown in mass: stipe cylindric, slightly tapering down- ward, yellowish above, subglabrous below, squamiulose, solid or spongy within, sometimes becoming hollow, the flesh white with brownish discolorations toward the base, 5-7 cm. long, 1 cm. or less thick ; veil white, thin, copious, tomentose, remaining in mature plants partly attached to the margin, but mostly on the stipe as a dense, tomentose covering and an irregular, subapical annulus. TYPE LOCALITY: New York. HasitaT: Woods and mossy swamps. Parr 3, 1910} BOLETACEAE 161 DISTRIBUTION : Mountainous regions of eastern North America. ILLusTRATIONS: Atk. Stud. Am. Fungi /. 170; N. Marsh. Mushr. Book p/. 33, Mem. N. Y. State Mus. 3: pl. 61, f. 1-5; Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 5: p/. 62, f. 15. EXSICCATI: Shear, N. Y. Fungi 26. DOUBTFUL, SPECIES Boletinus borealis Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 22: 206. 1895. Described from dried specimens collected by Waghorne on Capstan Island, Labrador. The types at Albany resemble 2B. cavipes. Family 7. AGARICACEAE By WILLIAM ALPHONSO MURRILL Hymenophore annual, stipitate or sessile, terrestrial or epixylous : context usually fleshy, rarely tough or leathery ; hymenium radiately lamellate or pli- cate, fleshy or tough, never gelatinous. Hymenium plicate, the folds obtuse. Tribe 1. CHANTERELEAE. Hymenium truly lamellate. Context composed mostly of swollen, vesicular cells. Tribe 2. LACTARIEAE. Context composed of slender, elongate cells. Tribe 3. AGARICEAE. Tribe 1. CHANTERELEAE.’ Hymenophore annual, stipitate or sessile, ter- restrial or epixylous, rarely occurring on living mosses or large agarics : con- text usually fleshy, rarely tough or leathery; hymenium plicate, the folds obtuse, fleshy or tough, often branching or anastomosing : spores hyaline, ochraceous, ferruginous, or green. Spores hyaline or ochraceous. Hymenophore tough or leathery, reviving. Stipe lateral or wanting. 1. PLICATURA. Stipe central. 2. XEROTINUS. Hymenophore fleshy or membranous, putrescent, not reviving. Growing on living mosses. 3. DICTYOLUS. Growing on decaying agarics. 4. ASTEROPHORA. Growing on the ground or on dead wood. Hymenophore simple. Pileus thin, membranous, infundibuliform ; plants tropical. 5. TROGIA. Pileus fleshy, usually convex or depressed, rarely infundibuli- form ; mostly temperate species. 6. CHANTEREL. Hymenophore compound, connate-cespitose. 7. POLYOZELLUS. Spores ferruginous; stipe lateral or wanting. 8. PLICATURELLA. Spores green ; stipe central. 9 1. PLICATURA Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 24: 75. 1872. Hymenophore sessile, resupinate, or laterally stipitate, tough, reviving ; lamellae ob- tuse, fold-like, not covered by a veil: spores hyaline. Type species, Plicatura Alni Peck. -& Lamellae white or whitish. Spores cylindric: temperate species. Pileus effused-reflexed, margin sterile. 1. P. nivea. Pileus sessile, margin fertile. 2. P. faginea. Spores ovoid; tropical species. 3. P. guadeleepentsts. © Lamellae yellow. 4. P. flabelliformis. Lamellae deep brick-red. 5. P. lateritia. 1. Plicatura nivea (Fries) P. Karst. Finl. Basidsv. 342. 1889. Merulius serpens Sommerf. Suppl. Fl. Lapp. 268. 1826. Not MM. serpens Tode (Abh. Hall. Nat. Ges, 1: 355), 1783, — Merulius niveus Fries, Elench. eae 1: 59. 1828. Plicatura Alni Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 24: 76. 1872. (Type from New York.) Trogia Aint Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 29: 66. 1878. Chanterel candidus Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 25: 323. 1898. (Type from Newfoundland.) Pileus thin, coriaceous, imbricate, effused-reflexed, 1.5-2.5 cm. broad ; surface brownish- tawny, silky-tomentulose, margin sterile: lamellae plicate, unequal, interrupted, narrow, angular, obtuse, undulate or crisped, white, becoming inconspicuous at times on drying, but reappearing on the application of moisture: spores minute, narrowly cylindric, slightly curved, hyaline, 5-6 long. 1 By WILLIAM ALPHONSO MURRILL. VOLUME 9, PART 3, 1910] 163 164 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 TYPE LOCALITY: Lapland. HasitaT: On decaying trunks of Adnus, ee ek ‘ Hatope DISTRIBUTION: Eastern Canada to New York; also in northern Hurope. ; Exsiccati: P. Karst. Fungi Fenn. 244; Thiim. Myc. Univ. 804; Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 2017 ; Rab.-Wint.-Paz. Fungi Bur. 394. 2. Plicatura faginea (Schrad.) P. Karst. Finl. Basidsv. 342. 1889. Merulius fagineus Schrad. Spic. Fl. Germ. 137. 1794. Chanterel crispus Pers, Neues Mag. Bot. 1: 106. 1794. Trogia crispa Fries, Monogr. Hymen. Suec. 2: 244. 1863. Pilei crowded, subimbricate, usually sessile, persisting, reviving when moistened, 1-2 cm. broad; surface reddish-yellow or tan, paler toward the margin, often whitish-villose when young; margin beautifully lobed: context fleshy-membranaceous, tough, thin, white; lamellae white, narrow, vein-like, irregular, continuous or interrupted, sometimes branched, edges crisped, obtuse, white or bluish-gray : spores cylindric, smooth, hyaline, 4X1z. TYPE LOCALITY: Germany. HasiraT: On dead limbs and trunks of birch, alder, beech, etc. 7 DISTRIBUTION: Canada to North Carolina and west to Wisconsin and Colorado; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Atk. Stud. Am. Fungi p/.39,; Pat. Tab. Fung. /. J/, Pers. Ic. Descr. Fung. PLB, ST. ExsiccaTi: Rav. Fungi Car. 5: 27; P. Karst. Fungi Fenn. 207; Shear, N. Y¥. Fungi 209 ; Underw. & Cook, Illust. Fungi 8; Ellis, N. Am. Fungi. 120? ; Sydow, Myc. Mar. 3#27; Roum. Fungi Gall. 602, 1401, 3301. : oblique 3. Plicatura-gaadelupensis (Pat.) Murrill. Xerolus guadelupensis Pat. Bull. Soc. Myc. Fr. 15: 195. 1899. Pileus imbricate, flabelliform, sessile, coriaceous-membranaceous, flexible, 3-5 cm. broad; surface reddish-brown or brown, short-hispid with scattered, hairy tubercles com- posed of colorless, unicellular, obtuse filaments ; margin straight, entire, striate: lamellae distant, narrow, fold-like, obtuse, very unequal, interveined, white stained with brown: spores ovoid, smooth, hyaline, 10 <8; basidia elongate, clavate, 45-60; cystidia slen- der, pointed, septate, not prominent. TYPE LOCALITY: Guadeloupe. Hasitat: On Vitex divaricata. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 4. Plicatura flabelliformis (Berk. & Rav.) Murrill. Chanterel flabelliformis Berk. & Rav.; Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. II. 12: 425. 1853. Pileus thin, tough, laterally stipitate, oblong-flabelliform, 12-15 mm. long, 1 cm. broad; surface white, tomentose, with a few shallow, concentric furrows; margin thin, slightly lobed: lamellae superficial, forking and anastomosing, yellowish: stipe clothed and colored like the pileus, tapering downward, 4 mm. long, 2 mm. thick. ; TYPE LOCALITY: South Carolina. HaBitaT: On fallen trunks. DISTRIBUTION : South Carolina. EXSICCATI: Rav. Fungi Car. 3: 5. 5. Plicatura lateritia (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Nerotus lateritius Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 303. 1868. ANerolus viticola Berk. & Curt. Grevillea 1: 34. 1872. (Type from South Carolina.) Pileus suborbicular, vertically affixed, 6-18 mm, broad; surface nearly glabrous, dark brick-red near the base, lighter toward the margin, which is subsulcate, faintly striate, subincurved, not readily expanding: context thin, tough; lamellae distant, broad, deep brick-red, subserrulate on the edge, some of them bifurcate near the outer end: spores globose, smooth, ochraceous, 4-5 » in diameter. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. HABITAT: Dead trunks, especially of Carpinus and Iitis. DISTRIBUTION: Southern United States and tropical America. ExsiccaTi: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 1590; Rab.-Wint.-Paz. F i . i Car. 4: 3; Rav. Fungi Am. 474. : a a Par? 3, 1910] AGARICACEAE 165 2. KEROTINUS Reichenb. Consp. 14. 1828. Xerotes Fries, Syst. Orb. Veg. 78; hyponym. 1825. Xerolus Fries, Elench. Fung. 1: 48. 1828. Not Xerofus R. Brown, 1810. Hymenophore tough, reviving, stipitate ; lamellae obtuse, fold-like, usually furcate, veil wanting: spores hyaline: stipe central, thick, homogeneous with the pileus. Type species, Xerotus afer Fries. Stipe central; pileus brownish-white. 1. X. martinicensts. Stipe lateral; pileus yellowish. 2. X. Mauryt. 1. Xerotinus martinicensis (Pat.) Murrill. Xerotus martinicensis Pat. in Duss, Enum. Champ. Guad. 48. 1903. Pileus rigid, rather thin, convex, papillate, 1-2 cm. broad; surface brownish-white, dry, pulverulent, rugulose, plicate-sulcate at the center; margin acute, entire: lamellae rigid, not decurrent, few, distant, interveined, unequal, broad, thick, entire, obtuse, brownish: stipe slender, central, cylindric, hard, reddish-brown, pubescent, 1-2 cm. long, 1-1.5 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Martinique. ss HABITAT: On rotten limbs of Averrhoa Bilimbi. DISTRIBUTION: Martinique and Guadeloupe. 2. Xerotinus Mauryi (Pat.) Murrill. Aerotus Mauryi Pat. Bull. Soc. Myc. Fr. 14: 51. 1898. Pileus indurated, flabelliform, rounded in front or lobed, 2-5 < 2-3 em.; surface gla- brous, ochroleucous ; margin inflexed, smooth or sulcate, plicate-rugose : lamellae simple or forked, interveined,“distant, fuscous, edges thick : spores ovoid, smooth, hyaline, 4-5 X 3: stipe short, lateral, attenuate, woody, glabrous, 2-4 mm. long, 2 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Mexico, HaBitTatT: Dead wood. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. ILLUSTRATION: Bull. Soc. Myc. Fr. 14: pi. 7, f. 1. DOUBTFUL SPECIES Xerotus caribaeus Fries, Epicr. Myc. 401. 1838. Based upon specimens collected on islands in the Caribbean Sea and figured in Plumier, Traité Foug. p/. 167, C. 3. DICTYOLUS Quél. Ench. Fung. 139. 1886. Corniola S. F. Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 1: 637. 1821. Not Corniola Adans. 1763. Leptoglossum P. Karst. Hattsv. 242. 1879. Not Leploglossa DC. 1841. Hymenophore fleshy, putrescent, laterally stipitate, sessile or resupinate, growing on mosses; lamellae obtuse, fold-like, veil absent: spores hyaline: stipe lateral or wanting. Type species, Chanterel muscigenus (Bull.) Fries. Lamellae dichotomous; stipe distinct. 1. D. muscigenus. Lamellae ramose-reticulate; stipe much reduced or wanting. 2. D. retirugus. 1. Dictyolus muscigenus Quél. Ench. Fung. 139. 1886. Agaricus muscigenus Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 288. 1785. Agaricus Foliolum Afzel. Veg. Suec. Obs. 17. 1785. Elvela dimidiata Bull, Hist. Champ. Fr. 290. 1791. Chanterel muscigenus Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 323. 1821. Merulius serotinus Pers, Myc. Eur. 2: 22. 1825. Pileus submembranaceous, laterally stipitate, spatulate, 1-2.5 cm. broad; surface gla- brous, zonate, fuscous to whitish-cinereous; margin entire to undulate or lobed: lamellae distant, dichotomous, concolorous: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 10-12 x 6-8: stipe short, concolorous or slightly darker, villose at the base. TYPE LOCALITY: France. HABITAT : On mosses. DISTRIBUTION: Greenland to South Carolina; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. Herb. Fr. pi. 258; pl. 498, f. 2. ExsiccaTr: Desmaz. Pl. Crypt. 550; Sydow, Myc. Mar. 3/4; Romell, Fungi Scand. #; Roum. Fungi Sel. 5906 ; Roum. Fungi Gall. 707; Westend. Herb. Crypt. Belge 764. 166 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 9 2. Dictyolus retirugus (Bull.) Quél. Ench. Fung. 140. 1886. t Elvela retiruga Bull. Hist. Champ. Fr. 289. 1791. Merulius reticulatus Pers. in J. F. Gmel. Syst. Nat. 2: 1431. 1791. Merulius retivugus Pers. Syn. Fung. 494, 1801. Chanterel retirugus Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 324, 1821. Pileus sessile or subsessile, membranaceous, expanded, irregularly flabelliform, 1-2 cm. broad; surface cinereous, minutely scabrous; margin undulate or lobed, tan or brown: lamellae radiating from point of attachment, reticulate, anastomosing, thin, obtuse: spores broadly ellipsoid, smooth, granulose, 6-10 X 4-8 #. TYPE LOCALITY: France. HABITAT: On mosses. . . DISTRIBUTION : Greenland and Alaska to Minnesota and California; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. Herb, Fr. /. 498, 61; Minn. Bot. Stud. 4: pl. I2. DOUBTFUL SPECIES Chanterel bryophilus Peck, Harriman Alaska Exp. Crypt.46. 1904. (NotC. bryophilus Fries, Syst. Myc. 1. 325. 1821.) Apparently not distinct from D. retirugus. 4. ASTEROPHORA Ditmar, Neues Jour. Bot. Schrad. 3°: 17. 1809. Nyctalis Fries, Syst. Orb. Veg. 78. 1825. Sphaeropus Paulet; Paulet & Lév. Ic. Champ. 108, assynonym. 1855. Hymenophore fleshy, putrescent, usually parasitic on other agarics; pileus convex or depressed, often conidia-bearing ; lamellae fold-like, not forked, veil fibrillose or none: spores hyaline or brownish: stipe central, fleshy. Type species, Asterophora lycoperdoides (Buli.) Ditmar. 1. Asterophora Clavus (Schaeff.) Murrill. Elvela Clavus Schaeff. Fung. Bavar. 4: Ind. 111. 1774. Agaricus lycoperdonoides Bull, Herb. Fr. pl. 166. 1783. ‘Asierophora lycoperdoides Ditmar, Neues Jour. Bot. Schrad. 3° : 17. 1809. Asterosperma agaricoides Pers. Champ. Comest. 132. 1819. Onygena agaricina Schw. Schr. Nat. Ges. Leipzig 1: 65. 1822. Nycialis asterophora Fries, Epicr. Myc. 371. 1838. Pileus hemispheric to depressed, usually distorted, gregarious, 1-2 cm. broad; sur- face white to fawn-colored or brownish, floccose, spongy, usually powdered with the brownish chlamydospores; margin involute, thick: context thick, fleshy, grayish-white, of farinaceous taste and odor; Jamellae thick, dull-grayish, distant, adnate, usually undevel- oped: spores not seen ; chlamydospores large, stellate, brownish, 15-20: stipe pruinose, white to brownish, stuffed or hollow, brown within, 1.5-2.5 cm. long, 3-8 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Bavaria. HABITAT: On decaying, Russula, Lactaria, Chanterel, Clitocybe, and other large species of agarics. ; DISTRIBUTION: Eastern United States and Cuba; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Schaeff. Fung. Bavar. 4: f/. 279; Bull. Herb. Fr. £/. 166 ; Sturm, Deuts. Fl. Pilze 3: 6/1. 53, Sow. Engl. Fungi f/. 383 ; Pers. Champ. Comest. p/. i. , Exsiccati: Sydow, Myc. Mar. 2813. 5. TROGIA Fries, Gen. Hymen. 10. 1836. Hymenophore membranous, deeply infundibuliform or tubular, putrescent ; hymenium plicate, veil none: spores hyaline: stipe central, usually tough. Type species, Chanterel aplorutis Mont. 1. Trogia cinerea Pat. Bull. Soc. Myc. Fr. 18: 172. 1902. Pileus membranaceous, infundibuliform, 8-10 mm. high and nearly as broad; surface cinereous, glabrescent ; margin inrolled: lamellae simple, equal, decurrent, numerous, very narrow, obtuse and somewhat canaliculate, 0.5 mm. wide, pale reddish-brown, pruinose : spores ovoid or subglobose, smooth, hyaline, 6-7: stipe cylindric, elongate, regular, central, 2-3 cm. long, 1-2 mm. thick, glabrous, whitish, solid, the mycelium forming a small white disk at the base. TYPE LOCALITY: Guadeloupe. HaBITaT: On rotten peduncles of Hoffmannia tubifiora. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. Part 3, 1910] AGARICACEAE 167 6. CHANTEREL' Adans. Fam. Pl. 2: 11. 1763. Merulius Hall. Hist. Stirp. Helv. 3: 150. 1768. Turbinellus Earle, Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 5: 407. 1909. Hymenophore fleshy, putrescent; pileus convex, depressed, or infundibuliform ; lamellae fold-like, obtuse, usually much forked, veil wanting: spores hyaline or ochra- ceous: stipe central, fleshy. Type species, Agaricus Chantarellus lL. Pileus white or pallid. ‘ Pileus 1 cm. or less broad. Lamellae white. 1. C. pruinosus. Lamellae bright-yellow. 2. C. pulchrrfolius. Pileus more than 1 cm. broad. Surface tomentose and appressed-squamulose. 3. C. behringensis, Surface glabrous, subzonate. 4. C. Petersii. Pileus some shade of yellow. Pileus deeply umbilicate or infundibuliform. Sporophore rather thin, of medium size, 2-5 cm. broad and less than 10 cm. high. 5. C. infundibultformis Sporophore thick, 5-10 cm. broad and 10-18 em. high. 6. C. floccosus. Pileus convex or depressed. Pileus small, 1-2.5 cm. broad. 7. C. minor. Pileus larger, 3-5 cm. or more broad. Surface luteous, lamellae concolorous. 8. C. Chantarellus. Surface pale-orange, lamellae bright-orange. 9. C. alectorolophotdes. Pileus some shade of red. Lamellae white or tinged with red, paler than the pileus. Stipe concolorous with the pileus; spores 3.5 4. 10. C. rosellus. Stipe paler than the pileus; spores 45 4. ll. C. Morgan. Lamellae red, concolorous with the pileus. Hymenophore pale-red throughout. 12. C. Wright. Hymenophore cinnabar-red throughout. 13. C. cinnabarinus, Pileus some shade of brown or dark-gray. Pileus umbonate. 14. C. muscotdes. Pileus umbilicate or infundibuliform. Surface glabrous, lamellae strictly dichotomous; stipesubfusiform. 15. C. mexicanus. Surface flocculose, lamellae irregularly branched ; stipe equal. 5. C. infundibuliformis . 1. Chanterel pruinosus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 28: 51. 1876. Pileus small, convex, obtuse or subumbilicate, 4-6 mm. broad; surface white, pruinose : lamellae simple, long-decurrent, distant: stipe slender, slightly thickened above, whitish, thin : pruinose, 2.5 cm. long. TYPE LOCALITY: Sageville, New York. HasitTaT: In pastures. . DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 2. Chanterel pulchrifolius Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 29: 71. 1902. Pileus thin, convex or slightly depressed, 1 cm. broad; surface glabrous, white; margin distantly and obscurely ciliate: lamellae simple, unequal, distant, decurrent, bright- yellow: spores hyaline, ellipsoid, 8 4-54: stipe subequal, glabrous, white, hollow, 1-1.5 cm, long, 1 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Idaho. HasitaT: Decayed wood. . DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 3. Chanterel behringensis Berk. & Curt. Proc. Am. Acad. 4: 119. 1858. Pileus plane, otherwise resembling C. alecterolop hoides in general form ; surface gray- ish-white, tomentose, appressed-squamulose: lamellae adnate, decurrent, forked, rather thin: stipe slender, enlarged above. TYPE LOCALITY: Bering Strait. ; DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 1Commonly written Cantharellus, or sometimes Cantarellus, here regarded as variant. spellings. ‘168 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 9 4. Chanterel Petersii Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. III. 4: 294. 1859. Pileus small, circular, centrally stipitate, depressed, 2.5 cm. broad; surface dealbate, opaque, subzonate, glabrous; margin concolorous, involute: context thin, white ; lamellae decurrent, distant, moderately broad, interveined: spores ovoid, smooth, hyaline, obliquely apiculate, 8-9 5-6: stipe slender, 2.5 cm. long, 2 mm. thick, terete, equal, glabrous- dealbate. TYPE LOCALITY: Alabama. HaxgiraT: Among mosses at the base of red cedar trees, apparently attached to dead wood. DISTRIBUTION: Alabama. EXSICCATI: Rav. Fungi Car. 5: 12. 5> Chanterel infundibuliformis (Scop.) Fries, Epicr. Myc. 366. 1838. Merulius infundibuliformis Scop. Fl. Carn, ed. 2.2: 462. 1772. Peziza undulata Bolt. Hist. Fung. £7. 105, f. 1. 1789. Elvela tubaeformis Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 461, 1789. Elvela hydrolips Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 465, f. 2. 1789. Elvela cantharellotdes Bull. Herb. Fr. pi. 473, f.3. 1789. Agaricus cantharelloides Sow. Engl. Fungi pl. #7. 1790. Chanterel cinereus Pers. Neues Mag. Bot.1: 106. 1794. Merulius cinereus Pers. Ic. Descr. Fung. 1: 10. 1798. Merulius villosus Pers. Ic, Deser. Fung.1: 17. 1798. Merulius tubiformis Fries, Obs. Myc. 1: 97. 1815. Merulius cinereus leucophaeus Pers. Myc. Eur. 2: 15. 1825. Chanterel tubaeformis luiescens Fries, Epicr. Myc. 366. 1838. Chanterel leucophaeus Fries, Epicr. Myc. 367. 1838. Chanterel lutescens Sace. Syll. Fung. 5: 490, 1887. Chanterel sphaerosporus Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 25: 323. 1898. (Type from Newfoundland.) Pileus fleshy-membranaceous, becoming umbilicate or infundibuliform, gregarious or cespitose, 1.5-5 cm. broad; surface flocculose, even or subzonate, varying in color from yellow to cinereous or dark watery-brown, paler when dry, margin undulate or lobed:. context thin, concolorous, mild, edible; lam@jlae decurrent, distant, narrow, irregularly branched or forked, thick, yellowish to dull-lilac or cinereous, becoming pruinose: spores broadly ellipsoid, pale-yellowish, smooth, 8-10 X 7-8 # : stipe terete, slender, equal, glabrous, hollow, yellow, rarely fuliginous, 3-7 cm. long, 3~7 mm. thick, TYPE LOCALITY: Carniola. Hasitat: In damp wodds or shaded swamps on much decayed wood or in soil rich in humus. DISTRIBUTION : Canada to the Bahamas and west to Minnesota; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Vaillant, Bot. Paris. oJ. 11, f 9, 10; Bull. Herb. Fr. p1. 473, f. 3; pl. 465, J.2,; pl. 461; Hussey, Til. Brit. Myc. 2: pi. 27; Pers, Ic. Descr. Fung.1: £1.6, fi; pl.3, f. 3; Sow. Engl. Fungi pf. 47; Mem.N. Y. State Mus. 3: p1. 56, f. I-16. ExsiccaTI: Roum. Fungi Sel. #009, 3108, 5701; D. Sacc. Myc. Ital. 806; Cooke, Fungi Brit. 226 ; Rab.-Wint. Fungi Eur. 2939; Herpell, Prap. Hutpilze 23? ; Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 2504 ; Krieger, Fungi Sax. 666, Roum. Fungi Gall. 4010; Thiim. Myc. Univ. 1606 ; Sydow, Myc. Mar. 3502 ; Allesch. & Schn. Fungi Bavar. 52 ; Romell, Fungi Scand. ?; Zahlbr. Krypt. 302, Westend. Herb. Crypt. Belge 2086. 6. Chanterel floccosus Schw. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. II. 4: 153. 1832. Chanterel princeps Berk. & Curt. Ann, Mag. Nat. Hist. III. 4: 293. 1859. (Type from Maine.) Pileus elongated trumpet-shaped to funnel-shaped, closed at the top when very young, becoming deeply infundibuliform, firm, fleshy, gregarious to subcespitose, 5-14 cm. broad, 10-18 cm. high; surface floccose, with persistent or evanescent scales, bright-yellow when young, some shade of orange when mature, fading at times; margin concolorous, rarely tinged with lilac, undulate, involute when dry: context thin, white, sweet, edible; hyme- nium cremeous at first, then ochraceous, rarely pale-umber tinged with lilac, finally ochraceous-brown throughout ; lamellae thick, close, narrow, decurrent, repeatedly forked branching or anastomosing: spores ellipsoid, smooth, ochraceous, 14K 7: stipe hor glabrous or hairy, whitish at the base when young, becoming cremeous or ochraceous. TYPE LOCALITY: Pocono Mountains, Pennsylvania. HABITAT : Damp places in dense coniferous or deciduous woods. Part 3, 1910] AGARICACEAE 169 DISTRIBUTION: Eastern United States from Maine to Alabama and west to Colorado. ILLUSTRATIONS : Mem. N. - State Mus. 3: £1. 55, f. I-9; N. Marsh. Mushr. Book p/. 45; Ann. Rep. N. VY. State Mus. 33: p/. 7, f. 18, 20. ExsiccaTi: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 1920; Shear, N. Y. Fungi 20. 7. Chanterel minor Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Cab. 23: 122. 1872. Pileus thin, fleshy, convex to expanded, irregular or depressed at times, gregarious, 1-2.5 cm. broad; surface glabrous, subrugose, ochraceous to orange; margin inrolled at first, entire or repand: context thin, pallid, mild, at length faintly peppery; lamellae decurrent, distant, very narrow, often forking, but seldom anastomosing, concolorous: spores ovoid, somewhat one-sided, smooth, hyaline with a faint yellowish tinge, 8-9 XK 4-5: stipe slender, cylindric, equal, glabrous, shining, slightly striate at times, concolorous, usually solid, 2-5 cm. long, 2-4 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Greenbush, New Vork. HABITAT: On the ground in deciduous woods. DISTRIBUTION: Massachusetts to Alabama in the eastern United States; reported also from Ohio, Wisconsin, and Minnesota. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 131. 7. 116, f. 12-17. 8. Chanterel Chantarellus (1,.) Murrill. Agaricus Chantarellus ¥,. Sp. Pl. 1171. 1753. Merulius Cantharellus Scop. Fl. Carn. ed..2. 2: 461. 1772. Chanterel flavescens Lam. Encyc. 1: 694. 1785. Chanterel cibarius Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 318. 1821. Pileus fleshy, firm, turbinate, nearly plane, sometimes depressed, gregarious, cespitose ’at times, 3-8 cm. broad ; surface glabrous, luteous, rarely paler yellow, margin involute to expanded, undulate : context white, nutty or slightly acrid, edible; lamellae thick, narrow, distant, decurrent, forked or irregularly anastomosing, luteous, or sometimes much paler: spores ellipsoid, somewhat irregular, smooth, pale-ochraceous, 8-10 X4-5: stipe 2.5-5 cm. long, 6-12 mm. thick, attenuate below, glabrous, concolorous or paler, solid. TYPE LOCALITY: Sweden. Hasitat: On the ground in deciduous or coniferous woods. DISTRIBUTION: Throughout the temperate regions of North America, Europe, and Asia. ILLUSTRATIONS: Atk. Stud. Am. Fungi “7. 127; Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 48: pl. 32; Gibson, Edible Toadst. /. 79; Bull. Herb. Fr. f/. 62; Sow. Engl. Fungi #2. 46; Hussey, Il. Brit. Myce. 1: pl. 4. ExsiccaTr: Rav. Fungi Car. 2: 7; J. Kunze, Fungi Sel. 20/; Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 1918 ; Westend. Herb. Crypt. Belge 340 ; P. Karst. Fungi Fenn. 106; Cavara, Fungi Longob. J8 ; Linhart, Fungi Hung. 350; Sydow, Myc. Mar. 707; Krieger, Fungi Sax. 1161; Underw. & Cook, Iust. Fungi 6, Herpell, Prap. Hutpilze 77 ; Cooke, Fungi Brit. 602. 9. Chanterel alectorolophoides (Schaeff.) Murrill. Agaricus alectorolophoides Schaeff. Fung. Bavar.3: pl. 206. 1770. Agaricus aurantiacus Wulf. in Jacq. Mise. Austr. 2: 101. 1781. Not A. aurantiacus Secr. 1769. Merulius cantharelloides Pers. in J. F. Gmel. Syst. Nat. 2: 1430. 1791. Merulius nigripes Pers. Syn. Fung. 489. 1801. Agaricus subcantharellus Sow. Engl. Fungi p/. 423. 1814. Chanterel aurantiacus Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 318. 1821. Chanterel Raveneltt Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. II. 12: 425. 1853. Pileus compressed, hemispheric to funnel-shaped, convex to expanded, plane to de- pressed, fleshy, flexible, gregarious to subcespitose, 3-6 cm. broad; surface subtomentose, pale-orange, often darker at the center, margin involute, entire toundulate: lamellae de- current, crowded, narrow, rather thin, regularlyand 2-4 times dichotomous, bright-orange : spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 5-7 X 3-4: stipe usually central, cylindric, enlarged below, slightly ascending, 2-5 cm. long, 4-7 mm. thick, subglabrous above, tomentose below, stuffed, subconcolorous, varying to pallid or dark-brown. TYPE LOCALITY: Bavaria. HABITAT: In woods on decayed wood, or on soil rich in humus. DISTRIBUTION: Throughout Europe and temperate North America, south to South Carolina and Nevada. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. Herb. Fr. p/. 505, 7.2; Atk. Stud. Am. Fungi f. 124, 125; Bull. Chicago Acad. Sci. 7: £1.7; Schaeff. Fung. Bavar. 3: pl. 206 ; Jacq. Mise. Austr. pl. 14, 3. EXSICCATI: Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 7202; Karst. Fungi Fenn. 228, 421; Sydow, Myc. Mar. 810, 1414; Herpell, Prap. Hutpilze 71. 170 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoL.uME 9 10. Chanterel rosellus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 42: 120. 1889. Pileus small, thin, regular, infundibuliform, 8-16 mm. broad; surface glabrous, pale- roseous: context thin, white; lamellae long-decurrent, dichotomous, crowded, narrow, white tinged with roseous: spores hyaline, 3.52.5: stipe slender, often flexuous, equal, subglabrous, concolorous, solid, 2.5 cm. long, 2 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: North Elba, New York. HABITAT: Mossy ground in spruce woods. . DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 11. Chanterel Morgani Peck, Bot. Gaz. 7: 43. 1882. Pileus thin, expanded or depressed and subinfundibuliform, 1.5-2.5 cm. broad ; surface red, glabrous; margin inyolute: lamellae decurrent, dichotomously branched, narrow, whitish : spores minute, subellipsoid, 4-5 long: stipe equal or enlarged above, paler than the pileus, solid, 2-3 cm. long, 2.5-5 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Vermont. . HasitaT: On coniferous logs beneath conifers. — DiSTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 12. Chanterel Wrightii Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. III. 4: 294. 1859. Pileus plane to depressed, 1-3.5 cm. broad ; surface pale-red, subglabrous; margin un- dulate: lamellae decurrent, glaucous-red, interveined: spores oblong-ellipsoid, smooth, pale-ochraceous, 8-10 X 3.5-4.5: stipe enlarged above, striate, reddish, solid, 3-4 cm. long, 4 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Connecticut. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. 13. Chanterel cinnabarinus Schw. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. IT. 4: 153. 1832. Agaricus cinnabarinus Schw. Schr. Nat. Ges. Leipzig 1:73. 1822. Hygrophorus cinnabarinus Sacc. Syl. Fung. 5: 414, 1887. Pileus firm, thin, fleshy, convex to depressed or somewhat infundibuliform, often irregular in the larger specimens, gregarious or scattered, 1.5-3 cm. broad; surface smooth or slightly rugose, of soft compacted fibers, opaque, cinnabar-red, fading somewhat in the field and entirely in the herbarium ; margin at first inflexed, undulate to lobed, con- colorous: context whitish, tinged externally with red, thin, taste varying from mild to slightly acrid; lamellae long-decurrent, forked, interveined, distant, narrow, concolorous or slightly paler than the surface: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 8-9 Sz: stipe cylindric or tapering downward, terete, glabrous, smooth or slightly striate, concolorous, solid, 2-5 cm. long, 4-7 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: North Carolina. HABITAT: On the ground in deciduous or coniferous woods. DISTRIBUTION: New England to Alabama and west to Indiana and Ohio: also in Mexico Jamaica, and the Bahamas. _ : ILLUSTRATION: Mem. N. Y. State Mus, 3: fi. 5S, f. L8, ExsiccaTi: Rav. Fungi Car. 2: 8; Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 1917; Thiim. Myc. Univ. 507. 14. Chanterel muscoides (Wulf.) Murrill. Agaricus muscoides Wulf. in Jacq. Misc. Austr. 2: 109. 1781. Merulius umbonatus Pers. in J. F. Gmel. Syst. Nat. 2: 1430. 1791. Chanterel umbonatus Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 317. 1821. Chanierel dichotomus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Cab. 23: 123. 1872. Pileus obconic, usually umbonate, convex to expanded, often depressed, fleshy, flexi- ble, gregarious, 1.5-4 cm. broad; surface flocculose to glabrous, usually smooth dry B A & 7 , ) ing from light to dark grayish-brown, margin regular, involute, concolorous: context white, thin, mild, edible; gills decurrent, white or yellowish-white, becoming reddish when wounded, close, regular, more or less dichotomous: spores narrowly ellipsoid ’ vary- Par? 3, 1910] AGARICACEAE 171 smooth, hyaline, 8-10 <4: stipe 3-8 cm. long, 4-8 mm. thick, equal or tapering upward, subglabrous, solid, whitish tomentose at the base, white or colored like the pileus above. TYPE LOCALITY: Austria. HABITAT: In woods among mosses or among grasses in bushy places. DISTRIBUTION: New Brunswick to North Carolina and west to Michigan ; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Cab. 23: p/. 4, f. 6-9; Bull. N. 'Y. State Mus. 67: pl. 84, f. 8-21; Jacq. Mise. Austr. pl. 16, f. 1. EXSICCATI: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 1919 ; Sydow, Myc. Mar. 1179. 15. Chanterel mexicanus Fries, Nova Acta Soc. Sci. Upsal. III. 1: 227. 1855. Pilens fleshy, turbinate-infundibuliform, 3-4 cm. broad; surface glabrous, grayish- fuscous; margin thin, undulate-crisped: lamellae long-decurrent, strictly dichotomous, interveined, very narrow: stipe subfusiform, attenuate below, firm, solid, 4 cm. long. TYPE LOCALITY: Mirador, Mexico. HABITAT: On the ground. DISTRIBUTION : Known only from the type locality. DOUBTFUL SPECIES Chanterel brevipes Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 33: 21. p/. 1, f. 18-20. 1880. Described from specimens collected in woods near Ballston, New York, and found again at North Elba, New York, eighteen years later. It does not appear to be sufficiently distinct from C. floccosus. Chanterel lignatilis Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. III. 4: 294, 1859. Described from specimens collected by Ravenel on rotten trunks in South Carolina. Type specimens are to be found in the Farlow Herbarium, but our knowledge of the species is still unsatisfactory. 7. POLYOZELLUS Murrill, gen. nov. Hymenophore cespitose-multiplex, fleshy, putrescent; hymenium plicate, veil none: spores hyaline: stipe short, thick. Type species, Chanterel multiplex Underw. 1. Polyozellus multiplex (Underw.) Murrill. Chanterel multiplex Underw. Bull. Torrey Club 26: 254. 1899. Hymenophore large, irregular, cespitose-multiplex, 12-20 cm. high; pilei compound, more or less flabelliform, 3-5 & 3-5 X 0.5~-1 cm.; surface dull-purple or purplish lead-colored, becoming blackish on drying; margin thin, light-colored, irregular or lobed: context pur- ple, tender, brittle, of mild taste and aromatic odor; hymenium radiately venulose-retic- ulate with irregular cross veinlets, cinereous in herbarium specimens; spores hyaline, 5-6 in diameter: stipe thick, compact, often deeply grooved above, subconcolorous, black- ening on drying, 2-4 cm. long. TYPE LOCALITY: Mt. Desert, Maine. HABITAT: Dense spruce and fir woods, probably attached to buried wood. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from two collections at the type locality. ILLUSTRATION: Bull. Torrey Club 26: 254. 1899. DOUBTFUL SPECIES Neurophyllum ochraceum Pat. in Duss, Enum. Champ. Guad. 38. 1903. (Chanterel ochvaceus (Pat.) Sacc. & D. Sacc. in Sace. Syll. Fung. 17: 36. 1905.) This species was described from specimens collected by Pére Duss on dead wood in woods in Guadeloupe. If incorporated into the above genus, the generic description would have to be somewhat modified. The species is characterized as follows: Pileus rigid, ligneous, flabellate, applanate, convolute, incisely lobed, more or less imbricate ; lobes 8-12 cm. long, ochraceous-rufescent, velutinous, smooth or undulate- tuberculate; margin rounded, thin, straight or inflexed: hymenium of obtuse veins, simple or branched, long-decurrent, crowded, narrow: spores ochraceous, ovoid, verrucose, 16-20 X 6-10; cystidia none: stipe hard, cylindric below, canaliculate above, 3-5 cm. long, the entire sporophyte 10-15 cm. high. 172 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 8. PLICATURELLA Murrill, gen. nov. Hymenophore sessile or subsessile, subfleshy : lamellae obtuse, fold-like, not covered with a veil: spores ferruginous. Type species, Chanterel olivaceus Schw. 1. Plicaturella olivacea (Schw.) Murrill. Chanterel olivaceus Schw. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. II. 4: 153. 1832. Pileus subfleshy, dimidiate, subimbricate, slightly depressed, 2.5-4 cm. broad, 3-4 mm. thick, sessile or attached by a short thick stipe, which is black and strigose ; surface yel- lowish-green, pulverulent or finely pubescent, margin subinflexed, undulate or lobed: context homogeneous, olivaceous, fragile when dry, 2.5-3 mm. thick: lamellae anasto- mosing, dichotomous or branched, crowded, rather broad, orange-yellow to reddish-brown : spores ovoid, smooth, ferruginous, 5 X 44. TYPE LOCALITY: Salem; North Carolina. Hapitat: On the ground (probably attached to roots) and on hemlock logs. DISTRIBUTION: North Carolina and Tennessee. Lore neuron 9. -GHEOROPHYLLUM Murrill, gen. nov. Hymenophore fleshy-tough, putrescent; pileus depressed ; lamellae fold-like, obtuse, anastomosing, veil wanting: spores green; cystidia present: stipe central. Type species, Neurophyllum viride Pat. PEW? Ore 1. Chlorophytt1m viride (Pat.) Murrill. Neurophyllum viride Pat. Jour. de Bot. 2: 406. 1888. Pileus fleshy-tough, circular in outline, depressed at the center, deeply lobed, centrally stipitate, 6-8 cm. broad, 10-12 cm. high; surface dark-green, glabrous, margin very irreg- ular: lamellae thick, plicate, numerous, anastomosing, branched, decurrent, dark-green : spores ovoid, at first smooth, later covered with anastomosing ridges, yellowish-green, 13-14 X 6-7“; cystidia cylindric, obtuse, projecting, containing at the apex some green granules: stipe central, concolorous, fibrous, villose near the base, gradually expanding upward, 8-15 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: French Guiana. HasitaT: On the ground or upon dead wood in wet woods. DISTRIBUTION: French Guiana and Martinique. ILLUSTRATION: Pat. Tab. Anal. 0. 650. Tribe 2, LACTARIEAE." Hymenophore convex at first, expanding, some- times becoming infundibuliform, stipitate, terrestrial or rarely on decaying: logs, or on tree-trunks; context fleshy, vesiculose, continuous in the pileus, stipe and trama, sometimes lactiferous, often acrid in taste, putrescent: hy- menium lamelloid, lamellae acute on the edge, brittle, adnate or only slightly decurrent ; stipe central or rarely eccentric, fleshy, never fibrous, solid or stuffed, becoming hollow, without annulus or volva: spores white or yellow, globose to broadly elliptic, often echinulate. Content uot leeuferousl i Boesera 10. LACTARIA’ Pers. Tent. Disp. Fung. 63. 1797. Lactifluus Roussel, Fl. Calvados ed. 2. 66. 1806. Galorrheus Fries, Syst. Orb. Veg. 75. 1825. Lactariella Schriét. Krypt. Fl. Schles. 31: 544. 1889. Gloeocybe Earle, Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 5: 409. 1909. Pileus fleshy, continuous with the stipe ; surface sometimes zonate, either dry or viscid, glabrous, velvety, or tomentose; margin involute in young plants, then spreading or 1By GERTRUDE SIMMONS BURLINGHAM. * Often written Lactarius, here regarded as a mere variant spelling, Parr 3, 1910] AGARICACEAE 173 uplifted, naked or more or less tomentose: context brittle, vesiculose, lactiferous, mild or acrid in taste; latex white or colored, of the consistency of milk, or if watery, tinged with white, or colorless ; lamellae brittle, rather thin, with acute edges, unequal in length, often forking, and often becoming darker and pruinose as the plant matures; stipe central, never fibrous, sometimes becoming hollow: spores white or yellow, globose to elliptic, in many instances echinulate. although a few species grow on decaying logs. Type species, Agaricus piperatus L. Latex white at first. Pileus glabrous, smooth or torn or areolate, the margin naked or tomentose. Surface not viscid when wet (certain species of XII and XIII often appear to lack viscidity). Latex very acrid. The plants for the most part grow on the ground in woods, Pileus white or whitish. I. PIPERATAE. Pileus dark-colored. II, RUSTICANAE. Latex mild. . Flesh thick; stipe stout; wounds unchanging or becoming brownish. XVII. LACTIFLUAE. Flesh thin ; stipe slender; wounds unchanging or becoming yellow. XVIII. CAMPHORATAE. Surface viscid. Latex unchanging, though wounds may become greenish. Viscidity slimy, persisting for a time; latex very acrid. Margin entirely naked. Pileus some shade of yellow. IV. INSULSAE. Pileus some shade of gray, umber, or reddish. V. TRIVIALES. Margin at first minutely tomentose. VI. AGGLUTINATAE, Viscidity thin, soon disappearing ; latex mild to subacrid. Pileus mahogany, brownish-drab, to fulvous. XII. QUIETAE. Pileus some shade of gray. XIII. CINEREAE. Latex becoming lilac or staining the flesh lilac. VIII. ASPIDEAE. Latex becoming yellow. Margin downy-tomentose at first; surface slimy-viscid when moist; latex acrid. IX. CROCEAE. Margin naked or pruinose at first ; surface thinly-viscid when wet, soon dry; latex usually subacrid. XI, THEIOGALAE. Pileus not glabrous. Surface not viscid when wet. Latex very acrid; lamellae neither darker nor pruinose with age. Surface velvety-tomentose, white or whitish ; latex unchang- ing or becoming yellow. I. PIPERATAE. Surface scabrous-hairy, olivaceous. II. RUSTICANAE. Latex usually mild or tardily acrid ; lamellae darker and pruinose with age. Pileus minutely tomentose or squamulose. Pileus testaceous to fulvous or isabelline. XIV. HELVAE. Pileus some shade of gray. XV. GRISEAE. Pileus pruinose to velvety. Pileus some shade of brown, putty-color, or white; latex or wounds sometimes becoming salmon or yellow. XVI. PLINTHOGALAE. Pileus some shade of fulvous; wounds sometimes becom- ing brownish. XVII. LACTIFLUAE. Surface viscid when wet. Tatex very acrid, unchanging or becoming yellow. Surface more or less covered with long tomentum. III. TORMINOSAE. Surface covered with short tomentum, or papillate- squamulose. VI. AGGLUTINATAE. Latex subacrid to mild, becoming lilac or staining the flesh lilac. VII. SPECIOSAE. Latex bright-colored from the first. Pileus glabrous, viscid. X. DELICIOSAE. Pileus velvety, dry. XVI. PLINTHOGALAE. I. PIPERATAE i Plants large, the pileus 4-15 cm. broad; margin at length spreading. Pileus glabrous. Latex white, not staining the wounds. ; Flesh thick ; lamellae dichotomously forking, about 2mm.broad. 1. L. piperaia. Flesh thin; lamellae very close, about 1 mm. broad. 2. L. pergamena, Latex white, drying glaucous-green on the lamellae and broken flesh. 3. L. glaucescens. Pileus velvety-tomentoseé. Latex white, unchanging; lamellae distant. . . 4. L. vellerea. Tatex white, becoming yellow at least where in contact with the broken flesh ; lamellae close. ; 5. L. subvellerea. Pileus glabrous in the center, having a cottony-roll on the margin, the . urface sometimes torn. 6. L. deceptiva. 174 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 i : in involute, minutel : eae small, the pileus up to 5 cm. broad; margin invo y Yh pnoiule: Il. RUSTICANAE Pileus glabrous, at least at first, gray to brown with lilac tints; lamellae P i laten thin, not staining. ae was eae Pileus scabrous-hairy, olivaceous-green ; lamellae staining dark-green. 9. L. atroviridis. hh III. TORMINOSAE Latex white, unchanging. Pileus some shade of yellow, usually zonate, glabrous in the center. 10. L. torminosa. Pileus white to flesh-colored tinged with fuscous, azonate, the center eet tomentose. ll. L. ctlicioides. Latex white, becoming yellow. : Pileus yellowish, eae to subzonate ; stipe scrobiculate-spotted. 12. L. scrobiculata. Pileus white, azonate; stipe sometimes spotted but not scrobiculate. 13. Z. vesima. IV. INSULSAE ; Pileus zonate ; spores yellowish. 14, L. inselsa. Pileus azonate ; spores white. 15. L. affinis. V. TRIVIALES Latex staining the lamellae glaucous-green. . Pileus gray to yellowish-gray, becoming paler in the center, sometimes ae livid; spores yellow. : 16. L. irivialts. Pileus sepia, becoming paler toward the margin; spores white. 17. L, mucida. Latex not staining the lamellae. . Pileus gray, zoned with raw-umber, fading to gray. 18. L. circellaia. Pileus dark dull-red, occasionally zonate. 19. L. hysgina. VI. AGGLUTINATAE Pileus buff, papillate when wet, squamulose when dry. 20. L. agglutinata. Pileus whitish, zonate, sparsely covered with coarse, short tomentum. 21. L. lanuginosa. Pileus olivaceous-umber, blackening in drying, azonate, glabrous or agglu- : tinated-fibrous. 22. L. turpis. VII. SPECIOSAE Pileus whitish to honey-colored, zoned with darker yellow ; latex white, scanty in mature plants, staining the wounded flesh or lamellae helio- ; trope. 23. L. speciosa. Pileus dull-yellow, azonate; latex very abundant, white, then watery, then lilac. 24. L. representanea. VIII. ASPIDEAE Pileus yellow. Pileus azonate ; latex acrid. 25. L. aspidea. Pileus zonate ; latex bitter. 26. L. aspideoides. Pileus gray. Pileus faintly zoned or azonate, up to 8 cm. broad. 27. L. lividorubescens. Pileus conspicuously zoned and spotted, 7-12 cm. broad. 28. L. maculata. IX. CROCEAE Pileus saffron-yellow to orange-cadmium; latex becoming yellow-cad- mium, very scanty. . 29. L. crocea. Pileus maize-yellow tinted with yellowish-salmon; latex becoming sul- fur-yellow, scanty. 30. L. delicata. X. DELICIOSAE Latex orange-colored. 31. L. deliciosa. Latex saffron-yellow. 32. L. Chelidonium. Latex dark-red. 33. L. subpurpurea. Latex indigo-colored. 34. L. Indigo. XI. THEIOGALAE Latex mild, bitterish, then acrid, becoming sulphur-yellow. Pileus pinkish-buff to terra-cotta or fulvous and zonate, or pallid and azonate. — . 35. L. theiogala, Pileus whitish, azonate, the entire plant becoming brownish-red with age. . . 36. £. colorascens. Latex very acrid, becoming golden-yellow. 37. L. chrysorhea, XII, QUIETAE Latex mild. Pileus 5-15 em. broad, rarely viscid, not shining; flesh thick. 38. L. guieta. Pileus 2-4 cm. broad; flesh thin. Pileus mahogany-red, shining-viscid when moist. 39. L. nitida. Pileus fulvous, fading, papilla persisting dark. 40. L. oculata. Pileus brownish-drab to yellowish-brown, fading. 41. L. paludinelia. Parr 3, 1910] AGARICACEAE Latex acrid. Lamellae not staining where broken ; pileus fulvous, the margin crenate to sulcate. Lamellae staining glaucous- green ; pileus umber, sometimes tinged with lilac, fading, the margin entire. XIII. CINEREAE Latex white, not staining the lamellae; pileus plainly viscid when moist. Latex staining the lamellae glaucous- -green ; viscidity present only in wet weather. XIV. HELVAE Pileus floccose-squamulose, testaceous, fading to isabelline ; latex watery ae mild or subacrid, rarely white, ‘aromatic ; plants medium sized to arge. Pileus squamulose, fulvous to isabelline; latex white, acrid, odorless; plants small. Pileus coarse-velvety, brick-red to reddish terra-cotta, white, acrid. Pileus usually apparently glabrous, though minutely flocculose at first, red ; latex very acrid. Pileus umbonate. Pileus without an umbo; plants cespitose. zonate; latex XV. GRISEAE Plants without odor. Pileus azonate, gray to smoke-gray, minutely tomentose becoming floc- cose- -tomentose ; latex slowly acrid ; pileus up to 5 cm. broad. Pileus azonate, blue- black, then zoned with slate- -gray, or finally with snuff-brown, scabrous- pubescent; latex acrid; pileus not exceeding 15 mm. in diameter. Plants more or less aromatic. Odor very pronounced ; pileus gray to pinkish-gray, minutely tomen- ees at first, never floccose, rarely zonate; latex slowly acrid; flesh ax Odor slight ; pileus dark-gray mixed with umber, minutely tomentose, never floccose, sometimes zonate; latex acrid; desh firm. XVI. PLINTHOGALAE Latex white, if changing not becoming yellow. Spores yellow. Latex or wounds becoming salmon-pink. Pileus snuff-brown or paler, pruinose. Pileus dark-brown, velvety Latex and wounds not changing color. Spores white ; latex and wounds not changing color. Latex white, becoming yellowish ; pileus subtomentose. Latex salmon-colored from the first; pileus whitish. XVII. LACTIFLUAE Pileus entirely glabrous. Pileus azonate. Pileus zonate. Pileus pruinose-velvety. Lamellae distant, not staining brown where injured. Lamellae close. Wounds staining brownish. Pileus Vandyke-brown to dead-leaf-colored, usually corrugated. Pileus yellowish-buff, smooth or very slightly rugose. Wounds not staining brown ; pileus golden-fulvous. XVIII. CaMPHORATAE Pileus azonate. Latex white, unchanging. Odor aromatic in drying, taste mild ; pileus red-brown. Odor none, taste subacrid to bitterish. Latex watery or whey-colored. Pileus brownish terra-cotta, fading, areolate. Pileus not becoming areolate. Margin even. Margin crenate to sulcate ; plants small. Latex white, becoming yellowish or staining the lamellae yellow ; pileus yellowish-buff. Pileus zonate when moist, rather large. 42. 43. 45. 53. 54. BREEDS bh oh ND 175 . minuscula. . parva, cinerea. . varia, . helva,. . alpina. . Peckii. rufa. . rufula. . grisea. . Bensleyae. . glyciosma. . Hibbardae. . plinthogala. ligniota. Sumstinet. . Gerardii. . subtomentosa, . salmonea. lactifiua. . tchorata. . Avgrophoroides. . corrugis. luteola. . Subvelutina. camphorata. . Subdulcts, . rimosella, serifiua. . camphorata fragilis. tsabellina, . mutabilis, 176 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA LVoLUME 9 I. Piperatae. Pileus without a pellicle, never viscid, glabrous or tomentose ; margin involute at first varying from naked to densely tomentose: context firm; lamellae neither becoming darker nor pruinose with age; latex very acrid, white, unchanging or in some species staining the lamellae yellow or glaucous-green in drying. 1. Lactaria piperata (L,.) Pers. Tent. Disp. Fung. 64. 1797. Agaricus piperaius I,. Sp. Pl. 1173. 1753. Agaricus Listeri With. Brit. Pl. ed. 2.3: 288. 1792. Pileus fleshy, convex-umbilicate, at length infundibuliform, 4-12 cm. or more in diam- eter ; surface white, azonate, dry, glabrous; margin involute at first and naked, at length uplifted : context compact, white, unchanging or becoming sordid, edible; latex white, unchanging, very acrid, abundant ; lamellae white or creamy-white, forking dichotomously, close, more or less decurrent, arcuate at first, then extending upwards, only about 2 mm. broad ; stipe white, equal, dry, often pruinose, solid and firm, 2-8 cm. long, up to 2 cm. thick: spores white, subglobose, nearly smooth, 8-9 in diameter. TYPE LOCALITY: Sweden. HasitatT: Oak woods or groves. DISTRIBUTION : Temperate North America and Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Atk. Stud. Am. Fungi f. 179; Barla, Champ. Nice p/. 22, f. 1-5; Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 200 (as Avaricus acris) ; Cooke, Brit. Fungi pl. 979, Fries, Sv. Aetl. Svamp. p/. 27; Lanzi, Funghi Mang. p/. 54, f. 2, a, 6,¢c; Mclly. Am, Fungi pl. 41, 7.1, Schaeff. Fung. Bavar. p/. 83 (as Agaricus amarus) ; Bull. Conn. Geol. Nat. Hist. Surv. 3: pl. 9. EXSICCATI: Burl. Lact. N. Am. 7; Rav. Fungi Car. 2: 5 p. £.; Roum. Fungi Gall. 389. 2. Lactaria pergamena (Sw.) Fries, Epicr. Myc. 340. 1838. Agaricus pergamenus Sw. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Nya Handl. 30: 90. 1809. Pileus fleshy, thin, convex to plane or depressed, often irregular and eccentric, and usually flexuous, 4-11 cm. broad; surface white to creamy-white when old, azonate, dry, glabrous, minutely wrinkled ; margin becoming extended, naked: context pliant, white, edible; latex white, unchanging or sometimes drying sulphury-white, abundant, acrid ; lamellae white then straw-colored, very close, thin, forking, adnate, horizontal, very nar- row, 1 mm. broad; stipe white, equal or tapering downwards, glabrous, smooth, stuffed, but firm: spores white, minutely echinulate, elliptic, 6X 84. TYPE LOCALITY: Sweden. HaBitTatT: Oak woods. DISTRIBUTION : United States east of the Mississippi; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Batsch, Elench. Fung. pl. 13, 7.59, a, b,c (as Agaricus piperatus); Cooke, Brit. Fungi p/. 978; Gill. Champ. Fr. pl. 152 (389) ;1 Krombh. Abbild. p/. 57, f. 1-6; Lucand, Champ. Fr. pl. #2. ExsiccaTi: Burl. Lact. N. Am. 2. 3. Lactaria glaucescens Crossl. Naturalist 1900: 5. 1900. Pileus fleshy, convex-umbilicate, then infundibuliform, 4-9 cm. broad; surface white, becoming stained or spotted with yellowish-buff, dry, glabrous; margin involute at first, even, naked: context firm, thick, whitish, staining glaucous-green where the latex dries ; latex white, drying glaucous-green on the flesh and lamellae, very acrid, abundant ; lamellae maize-yellow at first, becoming white as the pileus expands, staining glaucous-green where the latex dries, forked, very close, adnate, 1-1.5 mm. wide; stipe white, tapering down- wards or sometimes nearly equal, solid, firm, 3-9 cm. long, 1.5 cm. thick at the base to 2 cm. thick at the apex: spores white, globose, minutely and sparsely echinulate, 5.5-7 k in diameter ; cystidia terete-clavate, 40-60 * 7-8 y. TYPE LOCALITY: West Yorkshire, England. HaBitatT: On the ground in sandy loam or in vegetable soil, oak-chestnut woods. DISTRIBUTION : North Carolina, 1000 meters elevation ; also in England. ILLUSTRATIONS : Mem. Torrey Club 14: 25. 7.1; Naturalist 1900: 10. 7 1-3. EXSICCATL: Burl. Lact. N. Am. 5. 1The plates in Gillet, Champ. Fr. were renumbered in 1890 and again upon the com- pletion of the work. In citation the original numbers are followed by the numbers occur- ring in the subsequent revisions. Part 3, 1910] AGARICACEAE 177 4. Lactaria vellerea Fries, Epicr. Myc. 340. 1838. Agaricus vellereus Fries, Syst. Myce. 1: 76. 1821. Pileus fleshy, thick, convex-umbilicate, at length extending, depressed in the center, 6-11 cm. broad ; surface whitish, tinged in places with grayish or yellowish, dry, minutely tomentose ; margin inrolled then spreading : context firm, white, staining yellowish, pos- sibly poisonous ; latex white, unchanging, or if creamy soon becoming white again, acrid; lamellae whitish, becoming cream-colored or yellowish, changing to brownish where in- jured, many forking near the stem, interveined, shorter lamellae often joining with longer, distant, appearing more so with age or in larger specimens, adnate to slightly decurrent, 2-5 mm. broad ; stipe whitish, tinged in places with yellow, equal.or rounded at the base, pruinose-velvety, 3-4 cm. long, 12-18 mm. thick: spores white, globose to ovate or elliptic, with only a few scattering blunt spines, uniguttulate, 5-6 & 8x. TYPE LOCALITY: Sweden. HaBitaT: Open deciduous woods. DISTRIBUTION: Eastern United States from Maine to Alabama; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Barla, Champ. Nice p/. 22, f. 6-8; Bres. Funghi Mang. £1.67; Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 538, 7. G, H, N; Cooke, Brit. Fungi p/. 980 ; Gill. Champ. Fr. £1. 153 (400) ; Hussey, Il. Brit. Myc. 1: pi. 63; Krombh. Abbild. pl. 57, f, 10-B ; Lanzi, Funghi Mang. //. 54, J. 1; Sow. Engl. Fungi f/, 104 (as Agaricus Listert); Bull. Conn. Geol. Nat. Hist. Surv. 3: pl. 9 ExsiccaTI: Burl. Lact. N. Am. 3; Rav. Fungi Car. 2: 5, p. £.; Roum. Fungi Gall. 3829. 5. Lactaria subvellerea Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 25: 369. 1898. Pileus fleshy, convex, soon umbilicate, at length nearly infundibuliform, 7.5-15 cm. broad; surface white, becoming tinged. or spotted with yellowish, and when dried cinna- mon-colored, azonate, dry, covered with velvet-like tomentum; margin at first and for some time involute, at length spreading: context thin, amber-white, odor faint; latex pale cream-colored or whitish, becoming yellowish in drying, very acrid, abundant; lamellae white to pale cream-colored, staining amber-white where the latex dries, often forking, adnate or slightly decurrent, narrow ; stipe white, tapering slightly toward the base, dry, velvety-pubescent, firm, 1.8-2.8 cm. long, 1.2-2.5 cm. thick: spores subglobose, smooth, 6-6.5 XK 6.5-7.5 #. TYPE LOCALITY: Alabama. HapitTat: On dry ground, mixed woods, oaks and chestnuts predominating. DISTRIBUTION: Alabama and North Carolina. 6.. Lactaria deceptiva Peck, Ann. Rep. N.Y. State Mus. 38: 175. 1884. Pileus fleshy, convex-umbilicate, then expanded and centrally depressed or somewhat infundibuliform, 5-15 cm. broad; surface white or whitish, dry, glabrous at first, becoming torn into fibers and cracked as the pileus matures; margin involute at first and covered with a dense soft cottony tomentum which fills in the space between the margin and the stem, then spreading or elevated and more or less fibrillose: context firm, white, edible ; latex white, unchanging, acrid; lamellae whitish or cream-colored, some forking, rather distant, adnate or decurrent, somewhat broad; stipe white, nearly equal, pruinose-pubes- cent, solid, 2-8 cm. long, 10-40 mm. thick: spores white, globose to elliptic, echinulate, 8-9 & 9-12 b. . TYPE LOCALITY: New York. HasiTaT: On the ground in woods, especially near hemlock trees, rarely in oak-chestnut MO aun : Ontario, and Eastern United States from Maine to Alabama. ILLUSTRATIONS: Atk. Stud. Am. Fungi “. 120, 121 (as Laciaria ee ; Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 54: pl. 70, f. 7-11, Bull. Conn. Geol. Nat. Hist. Surv. 3: pl. EXSICCATI: Burl. Lact. N. Am, ¢; Shear, N. Y. Fungi 79. 7. Lactaria involuta Soppitt ; Cooke, Handb. Brit. Fungi ed. 2. 380. 1883. Pilens fleshy, convex, then plane or slightly depressed, 2-5 cm. broad; surface white with pale-ochraceous tinge, dry, smooth, glabrous; margin arched, involute, extreme edge 178 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 minutely silky: context firm; latex white, unchanging, very acrid, not scanty; lamellae white, sometimes forked, densely crowded, somewhat decurrent, about 1mm. broad ; stipe white, equal or thickened below, glabrous, smooth, solid, 2.5cm. long, 6mm. thick: spores white, pip-shaped, smooth, 3-5 X 5-7 #. TYPE LOCALITY: England. Hasitat: On the ground in woods or in grassy places on the edge of woods. DISTRIBUTION: Connecticut to Alabama. ILLUSTRATION : Cooke, Brit. Fungi p/. 1194. II. Rusticanae. Pileus without a pellicle, never viscid, though moist in some species, glabrous to scabrous-hairy, always dark in color, varying from gray to brown or reddish- brown tinted with lilac, or sometimes dark-green : context compact ; Jamellae neither becom- ing darker nor pruinose with age; latex usually very acrid, white and unchanging, although the wounds sometimes change color. 8. Lactaria rusticana (Scop. ) Burl. Mem. Torrey Club 14: 27. 1908. Agaricus rusticanus Scop. Fl. Carn. ed. 2.2: 452. 1772. Agaricus pyrogalus Bull. Hist. Champ. Fr. 487. 1809. Lactaria pyrogala Fries, Epicr. Myc. 339. 1838. Pileus fleshy, broadly convex, then plane to somewhat depressed, 3.5-6.5 cm. broad ; surface gray to livid-gray or brownish-gray, darker in the center, zoned toward the margin, moist in wet weather but not viscid, glabrous; margin glabrous, inrolled, then arched in mature specimens: context firm, thick, white, unchanging, poisonous; latex white, un- changing, very acrid; lamellae cream-colored to ochroleucous, rarely forking, distant, adnate, up to 5 mm. broad; stipe silver-gray, paler than the pileus, nearly equal, sometimes taper- ing downwards, glabrous, smooth, compact, 3-5 cm. long, 6-16 mm. thick: spores white, globose to subglobose, echinulate, greenish-hyaline, 6-6.5 6-8; cystidia transparent, 16-20 long, 5-10» at the base, abruptly tapering. TYPE LOCALITY: Carniola. HasitTaT: On open grassy placesin woods. DISTRIBUTION : Vermont to Ohio and Maryland ; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. Herb. Fr. A/. 529, f. 1; Gill. Champ. Fr. pl. 52 (162; 390); Krombh. “Abbild. pl. 14, f. 1-9 ; Lanzi, Funghi Mang. #1. 55, f. 2, a, 6, ¢, a. ExsiccaTI: Burl. Lact. N. Am. 10. 9. Lactaria atroviridis Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 42: 119. 1889, Pileus fleshy, nearly plane, soon depressed in the center, 6-10 cm. broad; surface oli- vaceous, azonate, dry, scabrous-hairy, sometimes cracking into small areas; margin invo- lute, at length spreading to uplifted: context compact, white; latex white, staining the lamellae green after some time, acrid; lamellae whitish, becoming mottled with green, especially where injured, sometimes forking near the stem, close, adnate to slightly decur- rent, rather narrow; stipe colored like the pileus or paler, spotted, equal, dry, glabrous, firm, soon hollow, 2-5 cm. long, 1-2 cm. thick: spores creamy-white, subglobose, echinu- late, 7-8 in diameter. TYPE LOCALITY: New York. HaBItTaT: Deciduous woods. DISTRIBUTION: New York to the District of Columbia. II. Torminosae. Pileus rather broad; margin inrolled at first and covered with long coarse tomentum which may be persistent or fugacious, surface whitish to yellowish, viscid when wet: context subcompact; latex white, unchanging, or changing to yellow, intensely acrid; lamellae neither becoming darker nor pruinose with age. : 10. Lactaria torminosa (Schaeff.) Pers. Tent. Disp. Fung. 64. 1797. Agaricus torminosus Schaeff. Fung. Bavar. 4: 7 (index). 1774. Lactaria villosa Clements, Bot. Surv. Neb. 4: 20. 1896. Pileus fleshy, convex, depressed in the center, finally nearly infundibuliform, 4-10 cm. broad ; surface pale pinkish-yellow or pale-ochroleucous or ochraceous tinged with incarnate > Part 3, 1910] AGARICACEKAE 179 often zoned with deeper color, sometimes nearly white and azonate, viscid when wet, center glabrous ; margin involute at first, then merely deflexed, persistently covered with long white tomentum : context, firm, white, not changing color, poisonous; latex white, unchanging, very acrid; lamellae whitish or cream-yellow tinged with pale-incarnate, some forking near the stem, close, decurrent, thin, 5 mm. broad ; stipe paler than the pilens, sometimes faintly spotted with yellow, equal or tapering downwards, glabrous or pruinose, smooth, stuffed, becoming hollow, 3-7 cm. long, 2 cm. or less thick : spores white, broadly elliptic, echinulate, uniguttulate, hyaline, 6-8 « 8-10 y. TYPE LOCALITY: Bavaria. HapsitatT: In deciduous or coniferous woods, in open or shady places. DISTRIBUTION: Maine to Alabama and west to Colorado and Nebraska ; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Atk. Stud. Am. Fungi f 1/8; Barla, Champ. Nice pl. 18, f. 7-10, Britz. Hymen. Siidb. Lact. £5, Bull. Herb. Fr. p/. 529, f. 2 (as Agaricus Necator) ; Cordier, Champ. Fr. pl. 27, f. 1, Fries, Sv. Aetl. Svamp. 7. 28; Gill. Champ. Fr. pl. 57 (159 ; 395) ; Krombh. Abbild. p/. L3, f. 15-23 ; Lanzi, Funghi Mang. pl. 57, f 2, a, 6, c, 2d; F. Lorinser, Essb. Schwamme fl. 8, f. 8 ; Lucand, Champ. Fr. pd. 972; Noulet & Dassier, Traité Champ. f/. 17, f. B ; Phoebus, Deuts. Krypt. Giftgew. p/.5; Richon & Roze, Atl. Champ. p/. 37, f. 1-6; Schaeff. Fung. Bavar. pl. 12; Sicard, Hist. Nat. Champ. p/. 43, 7. 232; Sv. Bot. pl. 184; Sow. Engl. Fungi p/. 107. ExsIccaTI: Burl. Lact. N. Am. 6; Clements, Crypt. Form. Colo. 364; Herpell, Prip. Hut- pilze #6; P. Karst. Fungi Fenn. 508; Sydow, Myc. Mar. 1504. 11. Lactaria cilicioides Fries, Epicr. Myc. 334. 1838. Agaricus tomeniosus Otto, Versuch Agar. 74. 1816. Not A. tomentosus Bull. 1782. Agaricus cilicioides Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 63. 1821. Pileus fleshy, convex, becoming plane, sometimes nearly infundibuliform, 5-10 cm. broad; surface pale-incarnate tinged with fuscous, azonate, viscid when wet, entirely covered with matted tomentum; margin involute, fibrillose-woolly : context not very firm, yellowish-white, latex white or pale yellowish-white, sometimes becoming more yellowish when exposed to the air, acrid, not abundant; lamellae white to yellowish, forking, close, decurrent, rather narrow; stipe whitish, sordid, never spotted or scrobiculate, equal, prui- nose-silky when viewed with a lens, firm, stuffed, at length somewhat hollow, 5-7.5 cm. long, up to 2.5 cm. thick: spores white, minutely echinulate, broadly elliptic, 6-7 * 8 pz. TYPE LOCALITY: Saxony. HABITAT: Open places in or near woods. DISTRIBUTION : New York and Vermont, and possibly Ohio and Maine; also in Europe. ILLuSTRATIONS: Cooke, Brit. Fungi p/. 973; Schaeff. Fung. Bavar. p/. 228 (as Agaricus crinttus). i 12. Lactaria scrobiculata (Scop.) Fries, Epicr. Myc. 334. 1838. Agaricus scrobiculatus Scop. Fl. Carn. ed. 2.2: 450. 1772. Lactaria scrobiculata Fries, Epicr. Myc. 334. 1838. Pileus fleshy, convex, soon depressed in the center, at length infundibuliform, 6-15 cm. broad; surface yellowish to ochraceous or even reddish-yellow, azonate, or subzonate or conspicuously zonate, viscid when moist ; margin at first involute and tomentose, then spreading or upturned and nearly or quite naked : context somewhat firm, poisonous ; latex white, quickly changing to sulfur-yellow, acrid; lamellae whitish or pale-yellowish, some- times forking close to the stem, crowded, adnate or slightly decurrent, thin; stipe of the same color as the pileus or paler, with brighter-colored elliptic or orbicular scrobiculate spots, equal, glabrous, hollow, 3-7 cm. long, 1-2 cm. thick: spores white, minutely echin- ulate, 6.5-7 XK 8-104. TYPE LocALITy: Carniola. HABITAT: In moist woods. DISTRIBUTION : Eastern United States from Vermont to Alabama; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Barla, Champ. Nice p/. 18, f. 3-6 ; Cooke, Brit. Fungi 62. 977; Gill. Champ. Fr. pf. 154 (392); Hahn, Pilz.-Samml. ed. 2. f. 24; Krombh. Abbild. £/.55, f. 1-6, F. Lorinser, Essb. Schwamme p/. 9, 7.6; Iucand, Champ. Fr. fl. 971; Schaeff. Fung. Bavar. pl. 227. 13. Lactaria resima Fries, Epicr. Myc. 336. 1838. Agaricus resimus Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 75. 1821. Lactaria regalis Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 26: 64. 1874. Pileus fleshy, deeply umbilicate, at length infundibuliform, 8 cm. or more broad; sur- face whitish, soon faintly tinged with yellow, darker in the center, azonate, viscid when 180 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [| VoLUME 9 wet, glabrous in the center, margin involute, at length spreading, white-tomentose for some time, then glabrous: context firm, white, having a rather strong odor when fresh ; latex instantly changing to sulfur-yellow, acrid; lamellae whitish or pale-cream, a few forking near the stem, close, decurrent, about 4mm. broad; stipe whitish, spotted with cream or dull-yellow, equal, glabrous, or pruinose at the top, stuffed, becoming hollow, 3.5 cm. long, 2.5 cm. thick: spores white, globular to elliptic, echinulate, 5-7 X 7-9 x. TYPE LOCALITY: Smaland, Sweden. HaBiraT: In woods, chiefly in mountainous regions. DISTRIBUTION : New York and Vermont; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATION: Fries, Ic. Hymen. A/. 169, f. 1. ExsiccaTI: Burl. Lact. N. Am. 7. IV. Insulsae. Pileus broad; margin involute at first, naked or pruinose; surface some shade of yellow, very viscid when young or wet, glabrous: context firm; latex white, unchanging, very acrid; lamellae becoming neither darker with age nor pruinose. 14. Lactaria insulsa Fries, Epicr. Myc. 336. 1838. Agaricus insulsus Fries, Syst. Myc. 1. 68. 1821. Pileus fleshy, convex-umbilicate, becoming depressed in the center, 4.5-10 cm. broad; surface coppery-orange with alternating zones of deeper and lighter tones, sometimes yel- lowish-buff zoned with coppery-orange, center coppery-orange to red-ochre, viscid, glabrous, surface not polished, and often marked with striae like the stem of a Russula,; margin involute at first, and remaining arched, sometimes pruinose: context firm, then somewhat lax, white, odorless, possibly poisonous; latex white, unchanging, very acrid; lamellae white, becoming dull-reddish along the margins where rubbed, frequently forking near the stipe, adnate, becoming decurrent as the pileus deepens, thin, fragile, 2 mm. broad; stipe paler than the pileus, sometimes spotted with deeper color, tapering downwards, glabrous, stuffed, then hollow, 1.5-5 cm. long, up to 10 or 12 mm. thick: spores pale Naples-yellow- globose, strongly echinulate, 7-8, rarely 6 in diameter. TYPE LOCALITY: Malmé, Sweden. HABITAT: On the ground in rather open woods or by trails in mixed deciduous woods. DISTRIBUTION: From Maine to Alabama and west to Missouri; also in Europe. _ ILLUSTRATIONS: Berk. Outl. Brit. Fungol. p/. 13, 7. 2; Bres. Funghi Mang. /. 62; Cooke, Brit. Fungi £/. 975; Gill. Champ. Fr. /. 386; Hussey, Ill. Brit. Myc. 1: pi. 59 (as Agaricus Slexuosus); Krombh. Abbild. £/. 12, f. 1-6; Lanzi, Funghi Mang. £1.56, f. 1, a, 6,c; Richon & Roze, Atl. Champ. £1.37, f. 10-212. ExsiccaTi: Burl. Lact. N. Am. 15. 15. Lactaria affinis Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Cab. 23: 116. 1872. Lactaria platyphylla Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Cab. 23: 118. 1872. Pileus fleshy, convex-umbilicate, then plane to depressed in the center, 6-12 cm. or more broad; surface ochraceons-yellow, azonate, very viscid in wet weather, glabrous ; margin involute, then merely arched, even, naked or pruinose: context firm, white; latex white, unchanging or sometimes drying pale-greenish on the wounded lamellae, acrid ; lamellae whitish or cream-colored, not changing color with age, but often becoming pruinose in drying, many forking near the stipe, not very close, adnate to slightly decurrent, 4-10 mm. broad; stipe yellowish, paler than the pileus, often spotted, nearly equal, viscid when wet, stuffed, becoming hollow, 3-6 cm. long, 10-22 mm. thick: spores whitish, globose to broadly elliptic, echinulate, 8104. TYPE LOCALITY: New York. HasitaT : On the ground in mixed balsam, spruce, and maple woods. DISTRIBUTION: Maine, Vermont, Massachusetts, and New Vork. EXSICCATI: Burl. Lact. N. Am. 16. V. Triviales. Pileus broad ; margin inrolled at first and naked; surface from gray to putty-color or some shade of red, slimy viscid, glabrous: context firm; latex white, un- changing, but in some species staining the broken flesh or lamellae a pale dult-grcen acrid; lamellae only slightly darker and scarcely pruinose with age. Parr 3, 1910] AGARICACEAE 18] 16. Lactaria trivialis Fries, Epicr. Myc. 337. 1838. Agaricus trivialis Fries, Obs. Myc. 1: 61, 1815. Lactaria deflexa Lindblad, Monogr. Lact. Suec. 8. 1855. Pileus fleshy, depressed in the center, then plane to infundibuliform, up to 15 cm. broad; surface plum-colored, or smoke-gray tinted with livid when young, fading, becom- ing putty-colored to snuff-brown, or remaining lilac-tinted in the center, azonate, viscid, glabrous; margin even, involute on the extreme edge for some time, pruinose at first : con- text firm, white ; latex white or creamy-white, drying on the broken flesh or lamellae pale- greenish, acrid ; lamellae cream-colored to yellowish, some forking, close, slightly decur- rent, 5-7 mm. broad; stipe cream-yellow, nearly equal, or often inflated, glabrous, smooth, becoming hollow, 4-12 cm. long, 1-2 em. thick: spores yellowish, elliptic, echinulate, 8X 1lz. TYPE LOCALITY: Sweden. HasitaT: In mixed or deciduous woods. DISTRIBUTION: Eastern United States as far south as North Carolina, and Missouri; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Cooke, Brit. Fungi p/. 976; Krombh. Abbild. J. 14, f. 17, 18; Lucand, Champ. Fr. pl, 166. ExsrccaTi: Burl. Lact. N. Am. 77. 17. Lactaria mucida Burl. Mem. Torrey Club 14: 56. 1908. Pileus fleshy, rather thin, convex-umbilicate, then plane, and at length infundibuliform, 3-9 cm. broad; surface warm-sepia in the center, putty-colored on the extreme margin, azonate, very viscid and shining when wet, glabrous; margin even at first, slightly wavy and striate in the old plant: context rather lax, white; latex white, drying blue-greenish- gray on the lamellae and the broken flesh, acrid; lamellae white, scarcely changing color with age, sometimes forking near the stipe, close, adnate to slightly decurrent, acute at the inner end, up to 7 mm. broad ; stipe of the same color as the pileus or paler, tapering upwards, slightly viscid when wet, glabrous, sometimes with faint striae, stuffed, then hollow, 4-7 cm. long, 7-10 mm. thick at the top, 10-15 mm. at the base: spores white, broadly elliptic, echinulate, 7-8 * 8-9.5 4. TYPE LOCALITY: Pisgah Forest, North Carolina. HaBiTaT: Under hemlocks. DISTRIBUTION: Vermont and North Carolina. ILLUSTRATION: Mem. Torrey Club 14: 56. f 7. ExsiccaTi: Burl. Lact. N. Am. 20. 18. Lactaria circellata Fries, Epicr. Myc. 338. 1838. Agaricus circellatus Fries, Hymen. Eur. 426. 1821. Pileus fleshy, convex-umbilicate, then plane, becoming infundibuliform, 3-7 cm. broad ; surface gray to neutral-tinted, zoned and streaked with raw-umber, darker in the center, fad- ing to gray when old, viscid in wet weather, glistening when dry, glabrous; margin even, inrolled and pruinose at first, then spreading: context firm, white, or grayish next the cuticle; latex white, unchanging, acrid; lamellae white to cream-colored, becoming ochra- ceous on the bruised edges, forking near the stipe, close, adnate with a decurrent tooth, appearing more decurrent with age, up to 5 mm. broad; stipe paler than the pileus, equal or tapering downwards, glabrous, smooth, firm, stuffed, at length hollow, up to 4 cm. long, 10-17 mm. thick: spores white, subglobose, slightly echinulate, somewhat hyaline, 6.5 7-8 pf. TYPE LOCALITY: Europe. HABITAT: In moist mixed woods. DISTRIBUTION: Vermont; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Batt. Fung. Hist. p/. 27, f. D> Cooke, Brit. Fungi p/. 990 ; Gill. Champ. Fr. pl. 380; Sow. Engl. Fungi p/. 203. ExsiccaTr: Burl. Lact. N. Am. 18. 19. Lactaria hysgina Fries, Epicr. Myc. 373. 1838. Agaricus hysginus Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 67. 1821. Pileus fleshy, convex, then umbilicate, becoming depressed in the center, 5-8 cm. broad ; surface reddish-incarnate or blood-red-brown, darker in the center, shading into 182 NORTIL AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 9 paler and even incarnate at the margin, fading with age, sometimes faintly zonate, smooth, very viscid, glabrous; margin involute then arched with the extreme edge inflexed: con- text firm, white in the pileus, faintly yellowish in the stipe, reddish next to the cuticle ; latex white, unchanging, acrid; lamellae white or creamy-white, becoming yellowish, often forking near the stipe, close, adnate or slightly decurrent, 3-5 (mm. broad ; stipe paler than the pileus, or sometimes of the same color, spotted with red or reddish-brown, nearly equal, viscid when wet, glabrous, stuffed, becoming hollow: spores whitish, sub_ globose to elliptic, echinulate, 6-8 X 8-10 /. TYPE LOCALITY : Sweden. : HasitaT: In moist woods, especially near spruce trees, often in grassy places. DISTRIBUTION: From Maine to New York, and in Michigan ; also in Europe. . ILLUSTRATIONS: Cooke, Brit. Fungi f/. 989 ; Fries, Ic. Hymen. pl. 169, f. 2; Krombh. Abbild. 14, f. 15, 16 (as Agaricus vietus). ExsiccatTi: Burl. Lact. N. Am. 19. VI. Agglutinatae. Pileus rather broad; margin involute at first and covered with a very short tomentum, soon naked; surface from white to buff and umber with a greenish tinge, becoming darker colored in drying, very viscid when young or wet, varying from subglabrous to sparsely tomentose : context firm; latex white, unchanging, acrid ; lamellae becoming more deeply colored and more or less pruinose with age. 20, Lactaria agglutinata Burl. Mem. Torrey Club 14: 42. 1908. Pileus convex-umbilicate, then depressed in the center, at length infundibuliform, 6-10 cm. broad; surface buff, paler when mature, slightly zonate when young, scarcely so when older, slimy-viscid when wet, with subrugose elevations or papillae showing through the gluten, appearing squamulose to squarrulose when dry; margin involute and minutely pubescent at first, the pubescence becoming less noticeable as the margin unfolds : context rather firm, white, having an odor like raw pumpkin; latex white, unchanging, acrid; lamellae yellowish-buff, some forking near the stipe, close, slightly decurrent, 24 mm. broad; stipe of the same color as the pileus or paler, sometimes spotted, equal or tapering downwards, viscid when wet, glabrous, firm as though solid, becoming spongy to hollow: spores creamy-white in mass, subglobose, echinulate, 7-8 u in diameter. TYPE LOCALITY: Pisgah Forest, North Carolina. HasitatT: Among dead leaves, in rather sandy soil, oak-chestnut woods, frequently under the flowering dogwood. DISTRIBUTION: Pisgah Forest, North Carolina. ILLUSTRATION: Mem. Torrey Club 14: 41. f. 5. ExsiccaTr: Burl. Lact. N. Am. 77. 21. Lactaria lanuginosa Burl. Mem. Torrey Club 14: 43. 1908. Pileus fleshy, convex-umbilicate, then expanding and depressed in the center, 7-8 cm. broad ; surface whitish to yellowish-flesh-colored, zoned especially toward the margin, where the zones are close and narrow, viscid, sparsely covered with agglutinated short coarse white tomentum ; margin involute at first and the extreme edge covered with fine short tomen- tum, at length glabrous and upturned: context firm, white, unchanging, with a somewhat strong odor ; latex white, unchanging, astringent, not very acrid, scanty ; lamellae whitish, at length maize-yellow to yellowish-buff, seldom forking, close, slightly decurrent, 3-5 mm. broad; stipe white becoming yellowish-buff spotted more or less with darker, equal or tapering downwards, viscid when young or wet, minutely pubescent to hairy-tomentose, then nearly glabrous, firm, stuffed, then hollow, 3 cm. Jong, 1~2 em. thick: spores white, nearly globose, echinulate, 6-7 in diameter. TYPE LOCALITY: Pisgah Forest, North Carolina. Habitat: Among dead leaves under oak, maples, alder and Rhodod DISTRIBUTION : Pisgah Forest, North Carolina. eas ILLUSTRATION: Mem. Torrey Club 14: 43. 4. 6. Parr 3, 1910] AGARICACEAE 183 22. Lactaria turpis (Weinm.) Fries, Epicr. Myc. 335. 1838. Agaricus Necator Pers. Syn. Fung. 435, 1801. Not.A. Necator Bull. 1780. Agaricus turpis Weinm. Syll. Pl. Nov. 2: 85. 1828. Lactaria sordida Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Cab. 23: 119. 1872. Pileus fleshy, thick, convex-umbilicate, then plane to depressed in the center, 6-12 cm. broad; surface yellowish-brown or umber, with olivaceous tinge, darker in the center, azonate, slimy-viscid in wet weather, glabrous or agglutinated-fibrous ; margin involute at first and yellow-villose, then glabrous: context firm, whitish, with slight odor; latex white, unchanging, acrid; lamellae cream-colored, then darker yellow, becoming nearly black where bruised, then ash-colored from the spores, many forking near the stem, close, some- what decurrent, 3-4 mm. broad; stipe of the same color as the pileus, equal or slightly smaller at the base, viscid when wet, glabrous, smooth or somewhat scrobiculate, or some- times merely spotted, firm, stuffed, occasionally becoming hollow when old, usually 34 cm. long, 1.5-2.5 cm. thick: spores white, globose to subglobose, echinulate, 6.5-8 4 in diameter. TYPE LOCALITY: Russia. Hasitat: On the ground in mixed woods, often near fir or spruce trees. DISTRIBUTION : Maine to Ohio and probably in North Carolina; also in Europe. __ ILLUSTRATIONS : Cooke, Brit. Fungi /. 987; Fl. Dan. pl. 1913; Fries, Sv. Aetl. Svamp. AJ. 60 ; Gill. Champ. Fr. p/. 158 (97); Hahn, Pilz-Samml. ed.2. f. 22; Harzer, Abbild. Pilze p/. 60, Krombh, Abbild. £2. 69, 7. 1-6; F. Lorinser, Essb. Schwdmme f/. 9, f. 2; Lucand, Champ. Fr. p/. 41; Roum. Crypt. Ill. Champ. f 120. Exsiccati: Burl. Lact. N, Am. 12, P. Karst. Fungi Fenn. 306; Sydow, Myc. Mar. 1009. VII. Speciosae. Pileus large; margin involute at first and covered with longtomentum ; surface from yellowish-white to dull-yellow, zonate or azonate, viscid when young or wet, covered with rather long yellowish tomentum : context firm, thick ; latex white, becoming lilac to heliotrope at least where in contact with the broken flesh, not very acrid; lamellae becoming darker and pruinose with age. 23. Lactaria speciosa Burl. Mem. Torrey Club 14: 34. 1908. Pileus fleshy, convex-umbilicate, becoming depressed in the center, 5-8cm. broad; sur- face whitish, approaching honey-color or maize-yellow in the center and zoned with honey- color or maize-yellow, viscid when wet, covered with long honey-colored tomentum arranged in concentric lines corresponding to the zones; margin involute at first, at length spread- ing, tomentose : context firm, white, odorless; latex white, staining the flesh and lamellae heliotrope, mild to slightly acrid, abundant in young plants, scanty in old ones; lamellae white, becoming pale maize-yellow and pruinose with age, staining heliotrope where injured, seldom forking, not very close, very slightly decurrent, 5-8 mm. broad ; stipe tinted with honey-yellow, with elliptic spots of flavous, sometimes scrobiculate, staining heliotrope where handled, equal, viscid when wet, sometimes slightly tomentose at the base, stuffed becom- ing hollow, 2.5~7 cm. long, 1-1.5 cm. thick: spores white, elliptic, strongly echinulate, 8-8.5 X 9.5-10 TYPE LOCALITY : Pisgah Forest, North Carolina. HABITAT: In oak-chestnut woods, in sandy soil, frequently by wood-roads. DisTRIBUTION: North Carolina, Tennessee, and Virginia, at an elevation of from 400 to 1200 meters. ILLUSTRATION: Mem. Torrey Club 14: 35. f. 2. ExsiccaTi: Burl. Lact. N. Am. 8. 24. Lactaria representanea Britz. Jahresb. Nat. Ver. Augsburg 28: 136. 1885. Pileus fleshy, compact, broadly convex becoming plane, up to 16 cm. broad; surface dull-yellow, azonate, viscid, tomentose; margin involute for some time, tomentose: con- text firm, thick ; latex white becoming watery, then lilac, not very acrid, very abundant ; lamellae becoming dull-yellowish and pruinose, seldom forking, close, somewhat decurrent, 184 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoruME 9 3-4 mm. broad ; stipe flavous, spotted with brighter yellow, paler at the apex, thicker at the base, firm, 6 cm. long, 3 cm. thick: spores white, broadly elliptic, somewhat echinulate. TYPE LOCALITY: Augsburg. : HasitaT: In mixed woods, in a moist but not wet locality. _ DISTRIBUTION: Stratton, Vermont, at about 500 meters elevation ; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATION: Britz. Hymen. Siidb. Lact. f. 3. VIII. Aspideae. Pileus usually of medium size; margin involute at first varying from pruinose-downy to minutely tomentose, soon naked; surface gray or yellow, very viscid when young or wet, glabrous: contextrather firm at first, then lax; latex white, staining the broken lamellae and flesh lilac, bitter to acrid; lamellae becoming somewhat darker and pruinose with age. 25. Lactaria aspidea Fries, Epicr. Myc. 336. 1838. Agaricus aspideus Fries, Obs. Myc. 2: 189. 1818. Agaricus roseo-violascens Lasch, Linnaea 3: 161. 1828. Pileus fleshy, not thick, plane to convex, slightly papillate, at length depressed, 3-10 cm. broad; surface straw-colored, somewhat sordid, azonate, viscid, glabrous; margin in- volute at first with a zone of white silky tomentum, then entirely glabrous : context white, poisonous ; latex white, changing to lilac, acrid; lamellae white or cream, rather close, somewhat thick, varying in length, here and there connected by branches, about 2 mm. broad; stipe of the same color as the pileus or paler, nearly equal, even, glabrous, stuffed, then hollow, 5-8 cm. long, up to 15 mm. thick: spores globular, echinulate, 8-10/ in diameter. TYPE LOCALITY: Sweden. HasitaT: In moist places under willows, and in the border of woods. DISTRIBUTION : New York ; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Lanzi, Funghi Mang. p/. 56, f. 2, u, 6, c,d; Cooke, Brit. Fungi p/. 1083. 26. Lactaria aspideoides Burl. Bull. Torrey Club 34: 87. 1907. Pileus fleshy, convex-umbilicate, then plane, becoming infundibuliform with age, 3-4.5 cm. broad; surface sulfur-yellow with narrow zones of buttercup-yellow, very viscid when wet, having a thick and persisting gluten, glabrous; margin involute and minutely tomentose at first, then spreading and glabrous: context rather firm, whitish, changing to lilac where exposed to the air; latex white, becoming lilac where in contact with the broken flesh, bitter; lamellae whitish then cream-colored spotted with yellow, staining lilac where wounded, sometimes forking next the stipe, close, adnate, but acute at the inner end, 4 mm. broad; stipe sulfur-yellow, often spotted with buttercup-yellow, equal or abruptly smaller at the base, viscid when young or wet, glabrous, stuffed, becom- ing hollow, 2-3.5 cm. long, 6-10 mm, thick: spores white, globular to broadly elliptic, echinulate, 5-7 X 7-8 z. TYPE LOCALITY: Newfane, Vermont. HasitaT: In grassy hillside sheep-pasture, near small fir trees. DISTRIBUTION : Vermont. EXSICCATI: Burl. Lact. N. Am. L?. 27. Lactaria lividorubescens (Batsch) Burl. Mem. Torrey Club 14: 49. 1908. Agaricus lividorubescens Batsch, Elench. Fung. Contin. 2: 51. 1789. Agaricus uvidus Fries, Obs. Myc. 2: 191. 1818. Laciarta uvida Fries, Epicr. Myc. 338. 1838. Lactaria livescens Pass. Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. 4: 105. 1872. Pileus fleshy, rather thin, convex, then plane to depressed, often umbonate, 4-8 cm. broad ; surface cinereous or brownish-gray, tinged with lilac, often faintly spotted and zonate especially when young, viscid, glabrous; margin involute at first, then spreading except the extreme edge which remains inrolled for some time and is at first white-pruinose to minutely downy: context firm then more lax, white, changing to lilac where wounded : latex white, changing to dark-lilac or violet where in contact with the flesh, acrid, some- Part 3, 1910] AGARICACEAE 185 times bitter; lamellae white to cream, quickly changing to lilac then violet when wounded, sometimes a few forking next the stipe, close, thin, of various lengths, adnate to slightly decurrent, up to5 mm. broad; stipe white to cream, not spotted or only obscurely so, equal or tapering upwards, a little viscid when moist, glabrous, sometimes tomentose at the base, stuffed becoming hollow, 4-8 cm. long, 6-12 mm. thick: spores white, elliptic, echinulate, 7 < 8-12 yu, TYPE LOCALITY: Jena, Germany. HABITAT: On the ground in woods, in moist places. DISTRIBUTION: Eastern United States from Maine to Maryland; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Batsch, Elench. Fung. p/. 36, f. 202; G. Bernard, Champ. Rochelle pl. 37, f. 1; Britz. Hymen. Sitidb. Lact. J. 16; Cooke, Brit. Fungi pi. 991; Gill. Champ. Fr. pl. 48 (157 ; 399) 5 Pat, Tab. Fung. £1. 209. Exsiccati: Burl. Lact. N. Am. 14. 28. Lactaria maculata Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 41: 74. 1888. Pileus fleshy, convex-umbilicate, then depressed in the center or at length infundibuli- form, 7.5-12.5 cm. broad; surface gray to lilac-gray, distinctly zoned with concentrically arranged darker spots, viscid, glabrous; margin involute, naked then spreading: context firm, grayish become lilac where wounded ; latex creamy-white, becoming lilac, acrid and unpleasant ; lamellae whitish or cream-colored, sometimes forking, close, adnate to decur- rent; stipe of the same color as the pileus or paler, spotted, equal or tapering downwards, glabrous, hollow, 2.5-5 cm. long, 10-16 mm. thick: spores subglobose, echinulate, 10-12.5 « in diameter. TYPE LOCALITY: New York. HABITAT: Open woods and pastures. DISTRIBUTION: Vermont and New York. IX. Croceae. Pileus rather broad; margin involute at first and covered with a very short tomentum, soon naked ; surface some shade of yellow, zonate, very viscid when young or wet: context rather compact ; latex white, changing to yellow, acrid; lamellae becoming darker and more or less pruinose with age. 29. Lactaria crocea Burl. Mem. Torrey Club 14: 37. 1908. Pileus fleshy, broadly convex-umbilicate, then spreading, depressed in the center, 5-10 cm. broad; surface saffron-yellow to orange-cadmium, subzonate, expallent, very viscid when moist, glabrous ; margin involute, then expanding, pruinose-downy at first, then gla- brous : context brittle, whitish, staining yellow-cadmium where cut, odorless; latex white, slowly becoming yellow-cadmium, acrid ; lamellae pallid, then honey-yellow, and at length yellowish-buff, becoming cadmium where cut or bruised, seldom forking, not close, adnate, 5-6 mm. broad; stipe of the same color as the pileus but paler, spotted, equal, glabrous or sometimes tomentose at the extreme base, stuffed, becoming hollow, stout, 5 cm. long, up to 16 mm. thick : spores yellowish, broadly elliptic, echinulate, 7 x 8-8.5 4. TYPE LOCALITY: Pisgah Forest, North Carolina. HABITAT: In oak and chestnut woods, growing from vegetable mold and dead leaves. DISTRIBUTION: North Carolina and Virginia. ILLUSTRATION: Mem. Torrey Club 14: 38. f. 3. ExsiccaTi: Burl. Lact. N. Am. 9. 30. Lactaria delicata Burl. Mem. Torrey Club 14: 40. 1908. Pileus fleshy, convex-umbilicate, at length nearly infundibuliform, 8-12 cm. broad; surface maize-yellow, tinted in the center with yellowish-salmon, faintly but decidedly zonate, viscid and covered with gluten when wet, glabrous; margin involute at first and cov- ered with coarse short tomentum, then merely deflexed and glabrous: context firm, white, with strong odor; latex white, becoming sulfur-yellow, acrid, scanty; lamellae whitish, becoming maize-yellow with age, some forking near the stem, close, slightly decurrent, 5~7 mm. broad; stipe maize-yellow tinted with yellowish-salmon, more or less scrobiculate, spotted with the same color as the rest of the stem or duller, equal or tapering downwards, 186 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 9 glabrous, stuffed, becoming hollow, 4-5 cm. long, 1.5-2.5 cm. thick: spores tinted yellow- ish-salmon in mass, subglobose, echinulate, 7-8 » in diameter. TYPE LOCALITY: Pisgah Forest, North Carolina. HaBitat: In sandy loam and dense shade, oak-chestnut woods. DISTRIBUTION : Pisgah Forest, North Carolina. ILLUSTRATION: Mem. Torrey Club 14: 39. f. 4. X. Deliciosae. Pileus broad; margin involute at first and naked; surface indigo- blue or some shade of orange, viscid when wet, glabrous: context firm, edible; latex colored from the first, staining the flesh at first the same color, at length more or less greenish, acrid; lamellae usually fading with age or becoming tinged with greenish. 31. Lactaria deliciosa (1,.) Fries, Epicr. Myc. 341. 1838. Agaricus deliciosus ,. Sp. Pl. 1172. 1753. Pileus fleshy, convex-umbilicate, becoming plane, then infundibuliform, 5-12 cm. broad; surface orange, yellow-orange or paler, zoned with deeper orange, becoming paler with age, sometimes mixed with grayish and greenish tints, viscid when wet, glabrous, somewhat roughened; margin involute, then arched and at length upturned, glabrous: context firm, yellowish, often staining greenish next the lamellae and the exterior of the stipe, edible; latex orange to red-orange, aromatic and somewhat acrid; lamellat deep- orange with yellowish reflections, paler when old, often becoming greenish with age or where bruised, many forking near the stipe, and shorter ones branching into longer ones, often connected with cross veins at the base, close, somewhat decurrent, rather narrow; stipe of the same color as the pileus, spotted with brighter orange, nearly equal, glabrous, or sometimes a little tomentose at the base, smooth, stuffed, becoming hollow, 2.5-10 cm. long, 8-12 mm. thick: spores yellow, subglobose to elliptic, slightly echinulate, more or less hyaline, 8-8.5 & 8-11 z. TYPE LOCALITY: Sweden. HaBitaTt: In moist woods, especially under firs and hemlocks. DISTRIBUTION : Eastern United States from Maine to Florida, and in Colorado ; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Atk. Stud. Am. Fungi p/. 35, 7. 1; Badham, Escul. Mushr. Engl. p/. 6, f. 2; Barla, Champ. Nice f/. 19, f 1-5, G. Bernard, Champ. Rochelle p/. 39, f. 1 ;- Boyer, Champ. fi. 32; Bres. Funghi Mang. p/. 67; Cooke, Brit. Fungi p/. 952: E. & P. Nat. PA. D**: f. 110, D; Fl. Dan, pl. 1131; Gibson, Edible Toadst. p/. 18; Gill’) Champ. Fr. p/. 49 (166; 382); Hahn, Pilz- Samml. /. 20; Harzer, Abbild. Pilze f/. 10; Hussey, Ill. Brit. Myc. 1: pf. 67; Krombh. Abbild. pl. 11; Lanzi, Funghi Mang. pl. 53, 7. 2, F. Lorinser. Essb. Schwamme p/. 8, f.5; Lucand, Champ. Fr, pl. 167; Mcllv. Am. Fungi f/. 41, 7.3; Richon & Roze, Atl. Champ. p/. 38, f. 1-5; Bull. Soc. Myc. Fr.7: 1.2, 7.2; Schaeff. Fung. Bavar. p/. 12, Sow. Engl.Fungi p/. 202, Fries, Sv. Aetl. Say - 6; Venturi, Studi Micol. /. 55,56; Vitt. Deser. Funghi Mang. o/. 42, Viviani, Fung. Ital. pl. 23. ExsiccaTi: Burl. Lact. N. Am. 27; Herpell, Prap. Hutpilze 107 ; P. Karst. Fungi Fenn. 509 ; Sydow, Myc. Mar. 610. 32. Lactaria Chelidonium Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 24: 74. 1872. Pileus fleshy, convex, then plane with the center more or less depressed, 5-8 cm. broad ; surface grayish-yellow or tawny, at length stained with bluish and greenish, usually with two or three narrow zones near the margin, slightly viscid when wet, glabrous; margin involute at first and naked: context firm, whitish, staining saffron-yellow from the latex, then becoming bluish and at length greenish, edible; latex saffron-yellow, mild, scanty ; lamellae saffron-yellow mixed with gray, sometimes forking, close, anastomosing at the base, adnate, then slightly decurrent, narrow; stipe of the same color as the pileus, nearly equal, glabrous, becoming hollow, 2.5-4 cm. long, 10-12 mm. thick: spores yellowish, globular to broadly elliptic, echinulate, 7 x 8-9 y., TYPE LOCALITY: New York. HaBitaT: Under or near pine trees, in sandy soil, or in dry spruce woods. DISTRIBUTION : From Vermont and New York to Alabama. ILLUSTRATION: Atk. Stud. Am. Fungi p/. 35, f. 2. EXSICCATI: Burl. Lact. N. Am. 49. Part 3, 1910] AGARICACEAE 187 33. Lactaria subpurpurea Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 29: 43. 1878. Pileus fleshy, convex-umbilicate, then plane to infundibuliform, 3-8.5 cm. broad; sur- ‘face dark-red (Indian-lake) zoned with hydrangea-pink, less noticeably zonate with age, and approaching hydrangea-pink except on the extreme margin which becomes Etruscan-red, spotted more or less with emerald-green when mature, somewhat viscid when wet, gla- brous; margin involute and pruinose at first, then plane to uplifted: context somewhat firm, whitish to hydrangea-pink, instantly staining red next the lamellae and the surface of the stem, becoming greenish after some time, with a slight odor, edible; latex Morocco- red, rather mild; lamellae colored like the pileus, fading and greenish with age, seldom forking, rather distant, slightly decurrent, 6-7 mm. broad; stipe of the same color as the pileus, often spotted with dark-red, equal or tapering upwards, glabrous or pruinose, some- times tomentose at the base, stuffed, becoming hollow, 3-7 cm. long, 8-15 mm. thick: spores yellowish, broadly elliptic, echinulate, often uniguttulate, 7-8 X 8-10 #. TYPE LOCALITY: New York. Hasitat: Usually in moist woods in the vicinity of hemlocks. DISTRIBUTION: New York, Vermont, Massachusetts, Connecticut, and North Carolina. ILLUSTRATIONS: Ann. Rep. N.Y. State Mus. 54: pl. 70, f. 146; Mem. Torrey Club 14: 61. f. 8. Exsiccatr: Burl. Lact. N. Am. 22. 34. Lactaria Indigo (Schw.) Fries, Epicr. Myc. 341. 1838. Agaricus (Lactifluus) Indigo Schw. Schr. Nat. Ges. Leipzig 1: 87. 1822. Pileus fleshy, convex-umbilicate, becoming plane to infundibuliform, 5-12cm. broad ; surface indigo-blue when wet, fading when dry, often with a grayish luster, zonate, some- times spotted; margin naked: context firm, sky-blue to darker, often becoming greenish, edible ; latex dark-blue; lamellae indigo-blue or paler, at length yellowish or sometimes tinged with green, some forking near the stipe, close, somewhat decurrent, rather broad; stipe of the same color as the pileus, often spotted, nearly equal, glabrous, smooth, firm, becoming hollow, up to 5 cm. long, 1-2 cm. thick: spores yellowish, globular to broadly elliptic, echinulate, 7 X 8-9.5 yu. TYPE LOCALITY :. North Carolina. HagitaT: In dry pine or oak woods. DISTRIBUTION : Eastern United States, from Vermont to Florida. ILLUSTRATIONS: Atk. Stud. Am. Fungi pl. IS, f.3; Mcllv. Am. Fungi pé. 41, f. 2. XI. Theiogalae. Pileus rather broad ; margin involute at first and naked or pruinose to pruinose-downy ; surface whitish to isabelline, pinkish-buff, or fulvous, slightly viscid when moist, soon dry, glabrous: context firm, thick, becoming lax and thinner; latex white, becoming yellow, bitter or acrid; lamellae becoming darker with age and more or less pruinose. 35. Lactaria theiogala (Bull.) Fries, Epicr. Myc. 342. 1838. Agaricus theiogalus Bull. Hist. Champ. Fr. 495. 1809. Hypophylium lateritium Paulet; Paulet & Lév. Ice. Champ. 59. 1855. Lactaria brevipes Longyear, Rep. Mich. Acad. Sci. 3: 59. 1902. Lactaria brevis Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 94: 33. 1905. Lactaria xanthogalacta Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 34: 346. 1907. Pileus fleshy, rather thick at first, convex, sometimes with a small umbo, sometimes slightly umbilicate, then plane to depressed, 5-8 cm. broad; surface incarnate-isabelline to yellowish-salmon or reddish terra-cotta to fulvous, more or less zonate, occasionally much paler and nearly or quite azonate, viscid when wet, glossy when dry, glabrous; margin inrolled at first, and pruinose to very minutely pruinose-downy on the extreme edge: context firm, then more lax, white, becoming yellow from the latex, having a pungent odor in the fresh plant, probably poisonous; latex white, changing to sulfur-yellow, bitterish, then acrid; lamellae whitish to yellowish, reddish-brown when old or when in- jured, some forking near the stipe, close, adnate, or a little decurrent, up to 4 mm. broad; stipe colored like the pileus or paler, sometimes faintly spotted, glabrous, except at the base which is often slightly tomentose, smooth, stuffed and rather firm, at length hollow, 188 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 3-7 cm. long, 7-13 mm. thick: spores whitish, subglobose to broadly minutely elliptic, echinulate, 6-7 XK 8-9 #. TYPE LOCALITY: France. Hapitat: In both dry and moist woods, under spruce and fir trees or under oaks. DISTRIBUTION: Maine to Alabama, and in California; also in Europe. . ILLUSTRATIONS: Barla, Champ. Nice f/. 27, f. 14-16; Bull. Herb. Fr. /. 567, f. 2, Cordier, Champ. Fr. 1. 27, £2; Gill. Champ. Fr. p/. 167 (396); Krombh. Abbild. p/. 1, f. 23,24; Lanzi, Funghi Mang. ~/.32, f.3,a,6,c; Paulet & Lév. Ic. Champ. p/. 71, f. 14; Richon & Roze, Atl. Champ. p/. 37, f. 7-9 ; Sicard, Hist. Nat. Champ. f/. 43, f. 233. . . Exsiccatr: Burl. Lact. N. Am. 28; Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 7915; Arcang. Erb. Critt. Ital. II. 807; Herpell, Prap. Hutpilze 232. 36. Lactaria colorascens Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 94: 33. 1905. Pileus fleshy, thin, nearly plane, becoming depressed in the center, 3-5 cm. broad; surface whitish at first, becoming brownish-red with age, azonate, moist, glabrous; margin naked: latex white, becoming sulfur-yellow, bitter; lamellae whitish, becoming colored like the mature pileus, close, thin, adnate, or slightly decurrent; stipe whitish, then brownish-red, equal, even, solid, 2.54 cm. long, 4-6 mm. thick: spores globose, echinu- late, 8 in diameter. TYPE LOCALITY: Port Jefferson, New York. Hapirat: Woods. DISTRIBUTION: New York. 37. Lactaria chrysorhea Fries; Epicr. Myc. 342. 1838. Pileus fleshy, rather thick, convex-umbilicate, then infundibuliform, 2.5-10 em. broad; surface whitish to yellowish tinged with flesh-color, usually zoned with golden-yellow, or pale-orange, slightly viscid when moist, glabrous; margin involute at first and covered with a minute down, then spreading and naked: context firm, white, becoming yellow where injured; latex white, becoming golden-yellow, very acrid; lamellae white, then yellowish, some forking, close, adnate to slightly decurrent, thin; stipe white, then colored like the pileus, sometimes with bright colored spots, pruinose, glabrous except at the base, which is more or less villose, stuffed, then hollow, 2.5-8 cm. long, 6-15 mm. thick: spores white, subglobose, minutely echinulate, 7-8 » in diameter. TYPE LOCALITY: Europe. Hapitat: Mixed woods or groves. DISTRIBUTION : New York and North Carolina; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Atk. Stud, Am. Fungi f 722, Cooke, Brit. Fungi £1. 984; Gill. Champ. Fr. pl. 50 (151 ; 379) ; Hahn, Pilz-Samml. ed. 2. £1. 5, f. 20; Krombh. Abbild. p/. 12, f. 7-14; Iucand, Champ. Fr. p/. 5. XII. Quietae. Pileus of medium size to small; margin involute at first and naked; sur- face varying from leather-colored to fulvous or reddish, covered with a thin viscidity when moist, but soon dry, glabrous: context rather lax ; latex white, unchanging, or rarely stain- - ing the lamellae greenish, mild or only slightly acrid; lamellae becoming decidedly darker with age, and dusted with spores. In these plants the viscidity disappears so quickly that it may not be noticed in dry weather unless collected in the dew; Lactaria guieta is rarely found viscid. 38. Lactaria quieta Fries, Epicr. Myc. 343. 1838. Agaricus quielus Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 69. 1821. Pileus fleshy, rather thick, depressed in the center, sometimes umbonate, 5-9 cm. broad; surface dead-leaf-colored to madder-brown, fading, obscurely zonate or azonate, rarely viscid, glabrous; margin arched, even, naked: context firm, tinged with fulvous, having a slight odor, edible; latex white, unchanging, mild or tardily acrid; lamellae white becoming buff, then pale brick-red, sometimes forking near the stipe, close, adnate to decurrent, 3-5 mm. broad; stipe dead-leaf-colored, darker at the base, equal, glabrous smooth, stuffed, at length hollow, 5-8 cm. long, up to 15 mm, thick: late, 6-7 X 8-104. TYPE LOCALITY: Sweden. Hasitat: In deciduous or spruce and balsam woods. DISTRIBUTION: Vermont, Massachusetts, and New Vork ; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATION: Cooke, Brit. Fungi f/. 983. ExsiccaTi: Burl. Lact. N. Am. 29, spores white, echinu- Part 3, 1910] AGARICACEAE 189 39. Lactaria nitida Burl. Bull. Torrey Club 34: 89. 1907. Pileus fleshy, rather thin, convex, then depressed in the center, umbonate, about 3 cm. broad; surface mahogany-red, more golden-red toward the margin, persistently dark on the umbo, otherwise fading when dry, shining viscid when wet, glabrous, smooth; margin arched for some time, naked, even: context fragile, faintly buff, turning a little reddish where cut; latex white, unchanging, mild; lamellae yellowish, becoming pruinose, some- times forking, close, slightly decurrent, broad; stipe mahogany-red, equal or sometimes ventricose when growing in wet places, stuffed, becoming hollow, 4.5-5 cm. long, 5-8 mm. thick : spores white, echinulate, 5-6 x 6-8 u. TYPE LOCALITY : Vermont. HABITAT: In grassy sheep pasture near hemlocks, and in moist woods. DISTRIBUTION : Vermont. ExsiccaTi: Burl. Lact. N. Am. 24, 40. Lactaria oculata (Peck) Burl. Bull. Torrey Club 34: 89. 1907. Laciaria subdulcis oculata Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 67: 37. 1903. Pileus thin, convex, then depressed in the center, umbonate, 1.5-2.5 cm. broad; sur- face rich-fulvous in the center, shading to buff-fulvous toward the margin, and all except the papilla fading to pinkish with age, viscid in wet weather, glabrous, smooth; margin involute and pruinose at first, then arched and finally nearly plane, slightly crenate : con- text fragile; latex white, unchanging, mild; lamellae whitish, then yellowish, at length pruinose, a few forking next the stipe, close, slightly decurrent, rather broad ; stipe buff at the top, sublatericeous below the middle, equal, slightly viscid when wet, tomentose at the base, stuffed, up to 6 cm. long, 5 mm. thick: spores white, broadly elliptic to subglo- bose, echinulate, 6-7.5 & 8-9.5 u. TYPE LOCALITY: New York. HaBitTaT: Under pine, hemlock, spruce, and balsam trees, often in moss. DISTRIBUTION : New York and Vermont. ILLUSTRATION : Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 67: fl, 83, f. 20-24. ExsiccaTi: Burl. Lact N. Am. 25. 41. Lactaria paludinella Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 38: 133. 1885. Pileus fleshy, thin, convex, then plane-umbilicate to depressed in the center, some- times with a small umbo, 12 mm. to4 cm. broad; surface brownish-drab to dark-fawn, expallent, slightly viscid when wet, glabrous; margin at length slightly striate: context fragile, white or tinted with the color of the surface; latex white, unchanging, mild; lam- ellae white or cream-colored, becoming darker with age, pruinose, many forking near the stipe, close, adnate or slightly decurrent, thin, up to 4 mm. broad; stipe of the same color as the pileus or paler, nearly equal, glabrous except at the base which is slightly villose when growing in moss, stuffed, sometimes hollow, 2-3 cm. long, 3-4 mm. thick: spores white, subglobose, 6.5-8.5 « in diameter. TYPE LOCALITY : New York. Hapsitat: In marshy places in woods, in sphagnum, or among decaying leaves. DISTRIBUTION : Vermont, New York, and North Carolina. 42. Lactaria minuscula Burl. Bull. Torrey Club 34: 88. 1907. Pileus fleshy, thin, broadly convex, with a small umbo, becoming plane, then some- what depressed in the center, 1-3 cm. broad; surface fulvous in the center, cinnamon toward the still paler margin, azonate, viscid in wet weather, sometimes shining with viscidity, glabrous; margin minutely crenate, sometimes sulcate, often slightly wavy, pruinose at first : context fragile, isabelline-white ; latex white, unchanging, acrid; lamellae whitish, seidom forking, close, adnate or decurrent by a tooth, broad for the thickness of the pileus; stipe fulvous near the base but paler toward the pileus, equal, glabrous, some- 190 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 9 times tomentose at the base when growing in moss, stuffed, becoming hollow, 2.5-4.5 em. long, 3-4 mm. thick : spores white, subglobose, slightly echinulate, 6-8 in diameter. TYPE LOCALITY : Newfane, Vermont. : HaBitaT: In moist woods in moss or on decayed wood, under yellow birches, blackgum, and black oak. DISTRIBUTION : Vermont, New York, and North Carolina. ILLUSTRATION : Mem. Torrey Club 14: 65. f. 9, 10. ExsiccaTi: Burl. Lact. N. Am. 26. 43, Lactaria parva Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 29: 44. 1878. Pilens fleshy, thin, broadly convex or nearly plane, then slightly depressed in the cen- ter, sometimes with a small umbo, 1.5-5 cm. broad ; surface at first umber tinged with lilac, fading, azonate, viscid in wet weather, quickly becoming dry, glabrous; margin inrolled and pruinose at first, then spreading, even: context fragile, tinted with umber, staining pale dull-green, then brownish where injured, odorless; latex white, unchanging, tardily but decidedly acrid; lamellae whitish or yellowish, becoming pale dull-green where in- jured, and at length brownish, some forking near the stipe, close, adnate to slightly decurrent, 2-4 mm. broad; stipe paler than the pileus, equal or slightly tapering upwards, glabrous or merely pruinose, stuffed, 1.5-5 cm. long, 4-10 mm. thick: spores white, sub- globose, slightly echinulate, 6.5-8 « in diameter. TYPE LOCALITY: New York. HABITAT: On decaying wood or on the ground in low moist woods. DISTRIBUTION : Vermont and New York. ExsiccaTi: Burl. Lact. N. Am. #47. XIII. Cinereae. Pileus of medium size; margin involute at first, naked; surface some shade of gray, viscid, glabrous: context lax, thin, fragile; latex white, unchanging, or staining the broken flesh gray or greenish, soon acrid ; lamellae becoming darker and prui- nose with age. 44. Lactaria cinerea Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 24: 73. 1872. Pileus fleshy, thin, convex at first, soon umbilicate to depressed in the center, at length infundibuliform, 2-7 cm. broad; surface cinereous, darkest in the center, becoming pale toward the margin, fading, occasionally zonate, viscid when wet, glabrous; margin invo- lute at first, at length arched or uplifted, even: context fragile, white, not changing color; latex white, unchanging, very acrid after a few seconds; lamellae white, not chang- ing color where bruised, often appearing pruinose, especially in dried plants, a few forking within 1 or 2 mm. of the stipe, close, adnate, rather narrow; stipe of the same color as the pileus or paler, subequal but more often tapering upwards, frequently tomentose at the base, otherwise glabrous, spongy, soon hollow, 3-8 ctn. long, 8-16 mm. thick: spores white, subglobose, minutely echinulate, 5.5~7 « in diameter. TYPE LOCALITY: New York. HABITAT: Under beeches or among beech leaves. DISTRIBUTION : Northeastern United States and North Carolina. ILLUSTRATION: Mem. Torrey Club 14: 67. f. 12. ExsIccaTi: Burl. Lact. N. Am. 27. 45. Lactaria varia Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 38: 126. 1885. Pileus fleshy, thin, convex, then plane, depressed in the center, sometimes with a small umbo, 2.5-8 cm. broad; surface smoke-gray with umber shades, sometimes faintly zonate especially toward the margin, usually dry, but probably viscid in wet weather, } gila- brous, sometimes minutely roughened by pits which cause silvery reflections ; aiaroin in- ‘IT have collected this species only in dry weather, but from the a and its reaction when treated with water I believe it is viscid in we to the Cinereae rather than to the Camphoratae. ppearance of the pileus t weather and is related Parr 3, 1910] AGARICACEAE 191 volute and pruinose at first, then spreading: context rather firm, white, odorless; latex white, unchanging, soon acrid; lamellae whitish to cream-colored, staining pale dull- greenish where wounded, some forking next the stipe, close, adnate to decurrent; stipe of the same color as the pileus or paler, equal, glabrous, stuffed, firm or spongy, 2.5-6 cm. long, 4-10 mm. thick: spores white, 7-8 # in diameter. TYPE LOCALITY: New York. HasitaT: In moist places in woods or border of woods. DISTRIBUTION: Vermont, Massachusetts, New York, and New Jersey. ExsiccaTi: Burl. Lact. N. Am. 48, XIV. Helvae. Pileus varying from small to broad; margin involute at first and gla- brous except when the pileus is downy, spreading ; surface bay-red to fulvous, fulvous- isabelline, and testaceous, dry, varying from velvety to flocculose, floccose-squamulose, or squamulose, at least at first: context rather thin, from firm to lax; latex white or watery, unchanging, mild to subacrid ; lamellae becoming darker and pruinose with age. In the species which are silky or tomentose at first the surface becomes nearly or quite glabrous as the pileus matures. This is especially true with Lactaria rufa, which is soon glabrous and shining. 46. Lactaria helva Fries, Epicr. Myc. 347. 1838. Agaricus helvus Fries, Syst. Myce. 1: 72. 1821. Lactaria aquiflua Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 28: 50. 1876. Lactaria aquifiua brevissima Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 51: 298. 1898. Pileus fleshy, convex, then plane to depressed, subumbonate, 5-15 cm. broad ; surface testaceous to isabelline, expallent, azonate, dry, the whole surface broken up into floccose- granulose squamules, sometimes rivulose; margin involute at first, then spreading: con- text fragile, paler than the surface, having a sweet odor which persists in the dried plant, edible ; latex white, or more often watery, mild to subacrid; lamellae white, then tinged, with incarnate, finally yellow, often forking, close, decurrent, 2-3 mm. broad ; stipe pale- testaceous, equal, pruinose, pubescent at the base, stuffed, then hollow, 5-8 cm. long, 1 cm. or more thick : spores globose, echinulate, hyaline, 6-7 # in diameter. TYPE LOCALITY: Europe. HABITAT: In mossy, rather wet woods or marshes. DISTRIBUTION : Maine to Ontario and Pennsylvania, and probably in North Carolina; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bres. Fungi Trid. p/. 39, 127; Cooke, Brit. Fungi p/. 994. Exsiccatr: Burl, Lact. N. Am. 29; Sydow, Myc. Mar. 2719. 47. Lactaria alpina Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 27: 96. 1875. Pileus fleshy, thin, convex, then plane or depressed in the center, sometimes papillate, 1.5-4 cm. broad; surface fulvous to fulvous-isabelline, azonate, dry, minutely squamulose, especially toward the center; margin involute, then merely arched, even, naked: context rather lax, fragile; latex white, unchanging, acrid; lamellae pallid, then yellowish and pruinose, seldom forking, close, thin, decurrent, narrow; stipe of the same color as the pileus, or slightly paler, equal, dry, glabrous, stuffed, becoming hollow, 2-5 cm. long, 3-5 mm. thick: spores white, globose, echinulate, 6.5-8 # in diameter. TYPE LOCALITY: New York. HasitaT: Borders of woods. DISTRIBUTION: From Vermont and New York south to Alabama. ExsiccaTr: Burl. Lact. N. Am. 32. 48. Lactaria Peckii Burl. Mem. Torrey Club 14: 76. 1908. Pileus fleshy, broadly convex, becoming depressed in the center, sometimes umbonate, 5-15 cm. broad ; surface latericeous to reddish terra-cotta, zoned -with darker tones, fading with age, dry, covered with a short tomentum somewhat like the pile on plush, at length nearly glabrous in the center and sometimes areolate; margin involute for some time then merely arched, sometimes flexuous in old plants, at first striate with darker streaks: con- text firm, tinted with terra-cotta; latex white, unchanging, astringent, then very acrid, abundant ; lamellae pale-buff, soon becoming tinged with mineral-brown and reflecting buff 192 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 9 in one light and mineral-brown in another, finally becoming madder-brown, mostly entire, close, decurrent by a tooth, 3 mm. broad; stipe dull pale reddish terra-cotta, usually paler than the pileus, sometimes spotted with reddish-brown, becoming darker where bruised, nearly equal or abruptly smaller at the base, glabrous or with a whitish bloom, firm stuffed, becoming hollow, up to 4.5 cm. long, 1-2 cm. thick: spores whitish, subglobose, strongly echinulate, 7-8 # in diameter. TYPE LOCALITY: Pisgah Forest, North Carolina. . 7 HapitaT: In moist grassy wood-trails and open places near brooks, in deciduous woods, oak and chestnut predominating. . DISTRIBUTION: Long Island and Staten Island, New York; North Carolina and Alabama. ILLUSTRATION: Mem. Torrey Club 14: 77. f. 13. ExsiccaTi: Burl. Lact. N. Am. 30. 49. Lactaria rufa (Scop.) Fries, Epicr. Myc. 347. 1838. Agaricus rufus Scop. Fl. Carn. ed. 2.2: 451. 1772. Pileus fleshy, rather thin, convex, umbonate, at length infundibuliform, 5-10 cm. broad ; surface bay-red to rufous, not fading, azonate, dry, minutely flocculose-silky, then glabrous and shining; margin involute at first, whitish-downy, then glabrous: context not very compact, pallid or tinged with pink, odorless, very poisonous; latex white, unchang- ing, very acrid; lamellae ochraceous, then rufous, sometimes forking, close, somewhat de- current, 3 mm. broad; stipe rufous, but often paler than the pileus, nearly equal, dry, gla- brous, or sometimes pruinose and downy at the base, stuffed, firm, at length sometimes hollow, 5-10 cm. long, 6-10 mm. thick: spores white, subglobose to broadly elliptic, slightly echinulate, 7-8 # in diameter. TYPE LOCALITY: Carniola. HABITAT: In swamps or wet places in woods. DISTRIBUTION : Vermont, New York, and Michigan ; also in Europe. . ILLustraTions: Cooke, Brit. Fungi fl. 985; E. & P. Nat. Pfl. U¥*: f 110 A; Fries, Sv. Aetl. Svamp. f/. 11; Gill. Champ. Fr. ~/. 163 (391); Hussey, Ill. Brit. Myc. 1: pl. 15 ; Krombh. Abbild. pl. 39, f. 12-15 ; Lucand, Champ. Fr. pl. 227; Paulet & Lév. Ic. Champ. p/. 22 (as Hypophyllum torminosum) ; Bull. Soc. Myce. Fr. 7: p1.2, 7.3; Richon & Roze, Atl. Champ. pl. 37, f. 16-19. Exsiccati: Herpell, Prap. Hutpilze 108; P. Karst. Fungi Fenn. 226; Krieger, Fungi Sax. 480 ; Sydow, Myc. Mar. 609, 2720. 50. Lactaria rufula Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 34: 346. 1907. Pileus fleshy, broadly convex, becoming somewhat infundibuliform, without an umbo, 5-10 cm. broad; surface brownish-red, azonate, dry, apparently glabrous: context firm; latex white, unchanging, acrid; lamellae pinkish-yellow, becoming darker and pruinose with age, close, adnate; stipe colored like the pileus but paler, equal or slightly tapering upwards, sometimes with a root-like extension, often with yellowish-brown strigose hairs at the base, stuffed, 4-8 cm. long, 5-6 mm. thick: spores creamy-white, globose, verrucu- lose, 8-10 in diameter. “TYPE LOCALITY: California. HasitaT: In rich soil and leaf-mold under trees. DISTRIBUTION : California. XV. Griseae. Pileus small; margin involute at first; surface varying in color from ash-gray to nearly black, dry, minutely pubescent or tomentose, sometimes becoming floc- cose-squamulose, or in dried specimens appearing merely roughened: context rather firm at first, sometimes becoming lax; latex white, unchanging, acrid or tardily acrid ; lamellae becoming darker with age, and more or less pruinose. 51. Lactaria grisea Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Cab. 23: 119. 1872. Pileus fleshy, rather thin, broadly convex, papillate, then depressed in the center, or at length infundibuliform with or without a papilla, 1-5 em. broad; surface varying from slate-gray to smoke-gray, becoming yellowish with age, azonate, dry, minutely tomentose, becoming floccose-tomentose, sometimes apparently squamulose to the naked eye; margin involute, then spreading, entire: context firm at first, then lax, white, not aromatic; Parr 3, 1910] AGARICACEAE 193 latex white, unchanging, slowly acrid; lamellae white, becoming cream-colored to honey- yellow, and pruinose, seldom forking, close, adnate to slightly decurrent, broader than the thickness of the pileus; stipe of the same color as the pileus or paler, nearly equal, dry, glabrous except at the base, which is sometimes pubescent, stuffed, then hollow, 1.5-6 cm. long, 3-6 mm. thick: spores white, broadly elliptic, echinulate, 6-7 & 8-9.5 1. TYPE LOCALITY : New York. HABITAT: In moist, mossy places in either coniferous or deciduous woods, on the ground or on decaying logs. DISTRIBUTION : New England, New York, and North Carolina. ILLUSTRATION: Mem. Torrey Club 14: 80. St. U4. Exsiccati: Burl. Lact. N. Am. 32. 52. Lactaria Bensleyae Burl. Bull. Torrey Club 34: 87. 1907. Pileus fleshy, nearly flat, papillate, at length depressed in the center, 2-15 mm. broad; surface blue-black when young and moist, then zoned with slate-gray, and finally with snuff-brown toward the margin, the center remaining nearly black, dry, covered with a dense, minute, short, rather stiff pubescence; margin involute at first, and remaining recurved . context firm, gray in the pileus, buff in the stipe; latex white, unchanging, acrid ; lamellae whitish, some forking near the stipe, close, slightly decurrent, 1 mm. wide or equal to the thickness of the pileus ; stipe somewhat buff or putty-colored, covered more or less with a gray pruinosity, nearly equal, dry, glabrous, becoming hollow, 1 cm. or less in length, 2-3 mm. thick: spores slightly cream-colored, mostly globose, some slightly elliptic, echinulate, 5-6.5 4, or rarely 6.5-8 « in diameter. TYPE LOCALITY : Newfane, Vermont. HABITAT: In black moist soil, under yellow birch and spruce trees. DISTRIBUTION: Vermont. ExsiccaTi: Burl. Lact. N. Am. 23. 53. Lactaria glyciosma Fries, Epicr. Myc. 348. 1838. Agaricus glyciosmus Fries, Obs. Myc. 2: 194. 1818. Pileus fleshy, thin, convex, then expanding, umbonate, at length depressed, often without an umbo, 2-5 cm. broad ; surface varying from gray to neutral gray, reddish-salmon or rosy-white, usually azonate, dry, minutely tomentose to unpolished ; margin involute, then spreading, and often striate: context lax, fragile, white, aromatic; latex white, unchanging, slowly acrid; lamellae straw-colored, then ochraceous, close, slightly decur- rent, 2 mm. broad ; stipe of the same color as the pileus or paler and more yellowish, nearly equal, dry, glabrous or minutely downy, stuffed, becoming hollow, 2-5 cm. long, 4-8 mm. thick: spores white, globose to broadly elliptic, echinulate, 6-7 * 6-8 #. TYPE LOCALITY: Sweden. HaBsitat : In mixed woods, on the ground or on decaying wood. DISTRIBUTION : Vermont, Massachusetts, New York, and Missouri. ILLUSTRATIONS : Cooke, Brit. Fungi pl. 1011 ; Fries, Ic. Hymen. f/. 170, f. 3. ExsiIccaTI: Burl. Lact. N. Am. 34; Herpell, Prip. Hutpilze 47; P. Karst, Fungi Fenn, 307. 54. Lactaria Hibbardae Peck, Jour. Myc. 14: 2. 1908. Pileus fleshy, broadly convex or nearly plane, with or without an umbo, 1.5-5 cm. broad ; surface grayish-brown tinged with pink, or a mixture of brownish-drab and mouse- color, sometimes zoned, dry, minutely tomentose or pubescent; margin involute for some time, often flexuous: context firm, whitish, usually having when rubbed a faint odor like that of Lactaria glyciosma ; Jatex white, unchanging, acrid; lamellae cream-colored, some forking near the stipe, close, adnate, varying from thin to thick, rather narrow; stipe paler than the pilens, tinged with gray or pinkish-yellow, nearly equal, glabrous below, very minutely whitish-tomentose at the apex, stuffed, 2.5-6 cm. long, 3-12 mm. thick: spores white, globose, minutely echinulalate, 6-8 in diameter, or smaller. TYPE LOCALITY: Massachusetts. HApItTaT: On the ground under pine or spruce and fir trees. DISTRIBUTION : Vermont and Massachusetts. ExsiccaT1I: Burl. Lact. N. Am. 3. 194 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 XVI. Plinthogalae. Pileus rather broad; margin involute at first, then spreading and even or flexuous; surface varying in color from dark-brown to smoky-brown, or putty- colored, dry, pruinose to velvety: context rather firm; latex salmon-colored or white, either unchanging or changing to salmon-pink or yellow, at least where in contact with the flesh, varying from mild to acrid; lamellae becoming darker and pruinose with age. 55. Lactaria plinthogala (Otto) Burl. Mem. Torrey Club 14: 84. 1908. Agaricus azoniles Bull. Hist. Champ. Fr. 497. 1809. Probably not Lactaria azonites Gill. Agaricus plinthogalus Otto, Versich Agar. 75. 1816. Agaricus fuliginosus Fries, Syst. Myc. 1:73. 1821. Lactaria fuliginosa Fries, Epicr. Myc. 348. 1838. Lactaria fumosa Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 24: 74. 1872. Lactariella azonites Schrét. Krypt.-Fl. Schles. 31: 544. 1889. Pileus fleshy, convex, then plane, sometimes with a small umbo, depressed in the center; then subinfundibuliform, 2-6.5 cm. broad; surface raw-umber to dingy yellow- brown (café au lait), snuff-brown, or putty-colored to pallid, usually darker in the center and at first, then fading, dry, glabrous, but covered with a bloom, very smooth, sometimes wrinkled in the center when mature; margin entire or wavy: context white, changing to reddish or salmon where exposed to the air; latex white, rarely changing color except where in contact with the broken flesh, where it becomes salmon-pink, tardily acrid; lamellae nearly white at first, then maize-yellow, becoming pinkish or salmon where wounded, pruinose, sometimes forking near the stipe, and sometitnes connected with vein-like reticu- lations, subdistant, adnate or slightly decurrent, about 5 mm. broad; stipe of the same color as the pileus, often whitish at the base, nearly equal or tapering downwards, glabrous, pruinose, stuffed but firm, then hollow, 5-7 cm. long, 6-12 mm. thick: spores yellow, mostly globular, echinulate, 6.5-10 in diameter. TYPE LOCALITY: Europe. HasitaT: In deciduous or mixed woods. DISTRIBUTION: Maine to Alabama ; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Atk. Stud. Am. Fungi /. 717; G. Bernard, Champ. Rochelle p/. 38, f.3; Britz. Hymen. Stidb. Lact. 7. 33%, #; Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 567, f. 3; Cooke, Brit. Fungi pl. 996 ; Gill. Champ. Fr. p2. 165 (384) ; Harzer, Abbild. Pilze pl. 19; Krombh. Abbild. Al. 14, f. 10-12 (f. 12 very poor) ; Noulet & Dassier, Traité Champ. pi. 18, f. B.; Pat. Tab. Fung. 2. 322. EXSICCATI: Burl. Lact. N. Am. 36; Herpell, Prap. Hutpilze 2. 56. Lactaria ligniota Fries, Monogr. Hymen. Suec. 2: 177. 1863. Laciaria fuliginosa major Fries, Epicr. Myc. 348. 1838. Lactariella igniota Schrét. Krypt.-Fl. Schles. 31: 544. 1889. Pileus fleshy, convex, then plane to slightly depressed, umbonate, often wrinkled in the center, 3-8 cm. broad; surface dark-brown, azonate, dry, pruinose-velvety; margin sometimes plicate: context rather firm, white, becoming pinkish or salmon where wounded ; latex white, changing to salmon-pink where in contact with the broken flesh, mild or finally slightly acrid ; lamellae white or ochraceous, becoming pinkish or salmon where wounded, not crowded, of various lengths, decurrent, about 5 mm. broad; stipe of the same color as the pileus, equal or abruptly smaller and plicate at the apex, smooth, pruinose-velvety, stuffed, up to 8 cm. long and 12 mm. thick: spores yellowish, globose, echinulate, 9-10 in diameter. TYPE LOCALITY: Sweden. HaBitaT: On the ground in mossy wet woods, especially fir. EE : vot and New York to North Carolina. LLUSTRATIONS: Atk. Stud. Am. F if. 116; i ii es Hymen, pl. 171, f. 1. ungi /- U6; Britz. Hymen. Siidb. Lact. /. 4; Fries, Ic. Exsrccatr: Burl. Lact. N. Am. 37. 57. Lactaria Sumstinei Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 78. 1905. Pileus fleshy, rather thin, convex, soon depressed in the center, 2.5-7.5 cm. broad; sutface grayish to putty-colored, azonate, dry, glabrous, smooth or with wrinkles radiate from the center; margin involute, then arched or spreading, glabrous: context firm Part 3, 1910] AGARICACEKAE 195 whitish, not discolored by the latex; latex white, unchanging, and not staining the flesh or lamellae, acrid; lamellae colored like the pileus, distant, thin, decurrent, 1 cm. or more broad; stipe colored like the pileus, nearly equal, rather firm, dry, glabrous, 2.5-5 cm. long, 6-12 mm. thick: spores yellow, globose, echinulate, 7.5-10” in diameter. TYPE LOCALITY: Pennsylvania. HABITAT: In grassy places in open deciduous woods. DISTRIBUTION: Pennsylvania, District of Columbia, Virginia, and Missouri. 58. Lactaria Gerardii Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 26: 65. 1874. Pileus fleshy, convex at first, often with a small umbo, then plane or depressed, up to 10 cm. broad; surface dark seal-brown, becoming golden-brown or umber, or even paler, azonate, dry, velvety, rugose radiately from the center, sometimes becoming cracked near the margin; margin even or wavy and irregular, involute, then spreading: context firm, white, unchanging, edible; latex white, unchanging, mild, then slightly acrid; Jamellae white, then cream-colored, more or less interveined, distant, appearing more so in older specimens, decurrent, not very thin, broad; stipe the same color as the pileus, velvety to the touch, equal or ventricose, stuffed, then hollow, 2.5-5 cm. long, 4-20 mm. thick: spores white, globular, echinulate, 6.5-9 « in diameter. TYPE LOCALITY : New York. HABITAT: On the ground in woods or open groves. DISTRIBUTION: From Vermont and New York as far south as North Carolina. ILLUSTRATIONS: Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 26: p1. 59, f. 12-16; Mem. N. Y. State Mus. 3: pl, 53, f. 12-16. EXSICCATI: Burl. Lact. N. Am. 38. 59. Lactaria subtomentosa Berk. & Rav.; Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. JIT. 4: 293. 1859. Pileus convex, 5-7.5 cm. broad; surface umber-brown, dry, subtomentose: context firm; latex white, becoming yellowish, acrid; lamellae white, distant, decurrent, broad; stipe of the same coloras the pileus except at the white base, hollow, 2.5 cm. long, 12 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: North Carolina. HaBiITaT: On the ground in swamps. DISTRIBUTION: North Carolina. 60. Lactaria salmonea Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 25: 369. 1898. Pileus fleshy, thin, convex, soon depressed in the center, otherwise nearly plane, 2.5- 3.8 cm. broad ; surface white, becoming reddish where bruised, dry, somewhat velvety ; margin involute, then spreading, even: context firm, becoming salmon where wounded ; latex salmon-colored ; lamellae pallid, becoming darker, brownish in drying, close, adnate to decurrent; stipe white, salmon-colored within, nearly equal, occasionally eccentric, velvety, solid, about 2.5 cm. long, 3-6 mm. thick: spores subglobose, echinulate, 7.5-9 4 in diameter. TYPE LOCALITY: Alabama. HaBITAT: In wet swampy places, usually on naked ground which has been overflowed. DISTRIBUTION: Alabatna and Mississippi. ExsiccaJ1: Burl. Lact. N. Am. 39. XVII. Lactifluae. Pileus broad; margin involute at first, then spreading to uplifted, surface some shade of fulvous, dry, glabrous or velvety: context firm, rather thick, in some species becoming brown where injured; latex white, unchanging, sweetish or at least mild, abundant; lamellae becoming darker and pruinose with age. 61. Lactaria lactiflua (L.) Burl. Mem. Torrey Club 14: 90. 1908. Agaricus lactifluus I,. Sp. Pl. 1172. 1753. Agaricus oedematopus Scop. Fl. Carn. ed. 2.2: 453. 1772. Agaricus testaceus Alb. & Schw. Consp. Fung. 209. 1805. Agaricus volemus Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 69. 1821. Lactaria volema Fries, Epicr. Myc. 344. 1838. Pileus fleshy, convex, then nearly plane or slightly depressed, 5-13 cm. broad; surface fulvous, buff, or brownish terra-cotta to brownish-orange, sometimes much paler, azonate, 196 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 dry, glabrous, smooth or at length rimose-rivulose ; margin involute at first, then extended : context firm, thick, whitish, changing brown where exposed tothe air, having a strong per- sisting odor, edible; latex white, unchanging, mild, sticky, abundant ; lamellae creamy- white, or tinged with the same color as the pileus, becoming darker with age, changing brownish where injured, often forking 2 or 3 mm. from the stipe or midway to the margin, close, adnate, 2-5 mm. broad; stipe of nearly the same color as the pileus but paler, nearly equal, glabrous, pruinose, solid, sometimes becoming hollow, 2-10 cm. long, 1-2 cm. thick : spores white, globular, echinulate, 7-10 in diameter; cystidia 20-35 » long, colorless or yellowish. TYPE LOCALITY: Sweden. . Hasitat: In woods or groves, especially in the vicinity of oaks. _ . DISTRIBUTION: Eastern United States from Maine to Mississippi, and west to Indiana and Missouri; also in Europe. ‘ ILLUSTRATIONS: Barla, Champ. Nice p/. 20, f. 1-3; Bel, Champ. Tarn. p/. 2? ; Boyer, Champ. pl. 31; Bres. Funghi Mang. pl. 66, Britz. Hymen. Siidb. Lact. £6; Cooke, Brit. Fungi pl. 999; Cordier, Champ. Fr. 1. 26, 7.2; Ellrodt, Schwamm-Pomona p/. 6, f. 1, 2, 3, Fries, Sv. Aetl. Svamp. p/. 10; Gill. Champ. Fr. pl. 170 (402) (form); Hahn, Pilz-Samml. ed. 2. pl. 4, f. 14; Hus- sey, Ill. Brit. Myc. 1: pl. 87; Lucand, Champ. Fr. fl. 145, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 48: pi. 30; Pat. Tab. Fung. p/. 327; Bull. Soc. Myc. Fr. 7: pl. 2, 7.1; Roum. Crypt. Ul. Champ. p/. 142; Schaeff. Fung. Bav. 61.5; Venturi, Studi Micol. p/.6, /. 42-48, Bull. Conn. Geol. Nat. Hist. Surv. 3: p/. 10. Exsiccatr: Burl. Lact. N. Am, 40; Herpell, Prip. Hutpilze 74; Roum. Fungi Sel. 5223; Sydow, Myc. Mar. 608; Thiim. Fungi Austr. 822. 62. Lactaria ichorata (Batsch) Fries, Epicr. Myc. 345. 1838. Agaricus ichoratus Batsch, Elench. Fung. Contin. 1: 38. 1786. Pileus fleshy, rather thin but opaque, plane to depressed in the center, 5-8 cm. broad ; surface fulvous, sometimes brown in the center, zoned with testaceous, dry, glabrous, smooth; margin incurved, then spreading: context firm, then lax, pallid, becoming sordid- fuscous when exposed to the air; latex white, mild or sometimes astringent ; lamellae white, then ochraceous, often forked toward the outer end, rather close, adnate, not very broad ; stipe of the same color as the pileus or more yellowish, dry, glabrous, spongy-stuffed, eccentric, 5-8 cm. long: spores 6-7 X 8-10 pH. TYPE LOCALITY: Jena, Germany. HABITAT: On the ground in woods. DISTRIBUTION : Ohio; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Batsch, Elench. Fung. f/. 13, f. 60, uw, 6 ; Cooke, Brit. Fungi p/. 1000. 63. Lactaria hygrophoroides Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ITI. 4: 293. 1859. Lactaria distans Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Cab. 23: 117. 1872. Pileus fleshy, convex, then plane, depressed in the center, sometimes becoming infun- dibuliform, 4-10 cm. broad; surface yellowish-buff, bistre, or fulvous, azonate, dry, very minutely pruinose-velvety, appearing as though pulverulent, sometimes rugose, sometimes rimose-areolate ; margin involute, then spreading or uplifted: context firm, whitish, odor- less, edible; latex white, unchanging, not staining the flesh or lamellae brownish, mild ; lamellae whitish to cream-colored or yellowish-buff, not discoloring where injured, not fork- ing, distant, sometimes connected by rugose elevations, adnate to slightly decurrent, about 3 mm. broad; stipe of the same color as the pileus, nearly equal, glabrous, sometimes pruinose, stuffed and firm, 2-5 cm. long, 0.5-1.5 cm. thick: spores white, globose to broadly elliptic, minutely echinulate, 8-10 « in diameter. TYPE LOCALITY: Maine. HaBITAT: Mixed woods, — __ DISTRIBUTION: From Maine to the District of Columbia, and in Indiana, Missouri, and Mis- sissippi. ILLUSTRATION: Mem. N. Y. State Mus. 3: £1. 53, f. 7-11. EXSICCATI: Burl. Lact. N. Am. 42. Part 3, 1910] AGARICACEAE 197 64. Lactaria corrugis Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 32: 31. 1880. Pileus fleshy, thick, convex, then depressed in the center, 7-12 cm. broad ; surface vary- ing in color from Vandyke-brown in the center, to mineral-brown at the margin, sometimes approaching more nearly dead-leaf-colored, azonate, dry, minutely velvety, and appearing as though covered with a bloom, more or less corrugated; margin involute at first, then arched or spreading: context firm, white, having only a slight odor, edible; latex white, unchang- ing, mild or slightly astringent, abundant; lamellae cinnamon when young, paler when mature or tinted with honey-yellow, becoming fulvous-brown where injured or when dried, sometimes forking, close, adnate to slightly decurrent ; stipe tinted with dead-leaf-color, paler than the pileus, nearly equal, dry, pruinose in the upper portion, minutely pubescent at the base, firm, solid, 6-7 cm. long, 2-2.5 cm. thick: spores white, globose, echinulate, 9-12 w in diameter. TYPE LOCALITY: New York. HaBITAT: Moist woods, especially in oak-chestnut-maple woods. DISTRIBUTION: New York to Mississippi and Missouri. ILLUSTRATION: Atk. Stud. Am. Fungi f/. 725. Exsiccatr: Burl. Lact. N. Am. #2. 65. Lactaria luteola Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 23: 412. 1896. Lactaria foetida Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 54: 949. 1902. Pileus fleshy, broadly convex or nearly plane, somewhat depressed in the center, 5-8 cm. broad; surface whitish to yellowish-buff, azonate or sometimes with a depressed zone near the margin, dry, minutely pruinose-velvety, sometimes slightly rugose; margin invo- ‘lute at first, then arched or spreading: context firm, whitish, staining brown where injured ; latex white, staining the flesh and lamellae brown, mild, abundant; lamellae white, then yellowish, becoming brown where injured, some forking near the stipe, close, adnate, or slightly decurrent, narrow; stipe of the same color as the pileus, nearly equal, dry, some- what pruinose-velvety, stuffed, 2-6.5 cm. long, 6-12 mm. thick: spores white, subglobose, echinulate, 7.5-8 » in diameter. TYPE LOCALITY : Massachusetts. HABITAT: Mixed woods, among fallen leaves, in dry or fairly moist soil. _ DISTRIBUTION: Massachusetts, Connecticut, New York, Ohio, Missouri, Tennessee, and Mississippi. ILLUSTRATION: Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 67: p/. 83, f. 7~L1. ExsiccaTi: Burl. Lact. N. Am. 50. 66. Lactaria subvelutina Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 75: 18. 1904. Pileus fleshy, convex, then nearly flat, depressed in the center, 2.5-5 cm. broad; surface golden-fulvous, dry, minutely velvety, appearing pruinose to the naked eye, sometimes wrinkled ; margin inrolled, then spreading, even, or sometimes wavy: context firm, white, not staining brown; latex white, unchanging, mild; lamellae cream-colored, becoming darker with age, not staining brown where injured, a few forking, close, adnate to slightly decurrent, narrow; stipe of the same color as the pileus or paler, equal, somewhat velvety, smooth, solid, 1-2 cm. long, 4-8 mm. thick: spores white, subglobose, nearly smooth (minutely and sparsely papillate), 6.5-8 w in diameter. TYPE LocaLity: New York. HaBiTaT: Open places in or near woods. : DISTRIBUTION: New York, Ohio, and Missouri. XVIII. Camphoratae. Pileus rather small, the margin inrolled at first and naked ; surface reddish-brown, fulvous or tawny, usually smooth and polished, but in some species 198 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 becoming areolate, glabrous: context lax; latex white, unchanging, or rarely becoming yellow, sometimes thin and watery, mild ‘or tardily acrid; lamellae becoming darker and pruinose with age. 67. Lactaria camphorata (Bull.) Fries, Epicr. Myc. 346. 1838. Agaricus camphoratus Bull. Hist. Champ. Fr. 493, 1809. Pileus fleshy, rather thin, convex, often umbonate, at length expanded, depressed in the center, 1-4 cm. broad; surface fulvous to madder-brown, azonate, dry, glabrous; margin inrolled and pruinose at first, not striate: context firm, fragile, tinged with fulvous, aromatic, edible; latex white, unchanging, mild, abundant; lamellae whitish or flesh- colored, becoming reddish-brown, sometimes a few forking next the stipe, close, adnate to slightly decurrent, rather narrow; stipe of the same color as the pileus or paler, nearly equal, sometimes flexuous, glabrous, pruinose, smooth, firm to spongy, 1-3 cm. long, 3-8 mm. thick: spores white, globose, echinulate, 6-7 u in diameter. TYPE LOCALITY: France. HaBitaT: Most abundant in moist mixed woods. DISTRIBUTION: New York to Alabama. ILLUSTRATIONS: G. Bernard, Champ. Rochelle p/. 38, f. 2; Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 567, f. 1, Cooke, Brit, Fungi p/. 1013, f. a; Krombh. Abbild. pl. 39, f. 21-24. EXsIccaTI: Burl. Lact. N. Am. 47. Lactaria camphorata fragilis Burl. Mem. Torrey Club 14: 99. 1908. Surface of pileus snuff- brown or burnt-umber toward the center, not fading, pruinose, sometimes rugose in the center ; margin crenate and somewhat sulcate: context thin, odor faint; latex watery, mild, abundant ; lamellae maize-yellow, not crowded, about five times broader than the thickness of the pileus; stipe stuffed, becoming hollow, 2-5 em. long, 4-6 mm. thick. In moist, rather grassy, shaded, wood trails ; Pisgah Forest, North Carolina. 68. Lactaria rimosella Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 105: 37. 1906. Pileus fleshy, thin, convex-umbilicate, then depressed in the center, 3-6.5 cm. broad ; surface brownish terra-cotta, fading to red-brown terra-cotta, azonate, dry, glabrous, rugose from the center, then cracking into minute areas; margin involute, then arched, even, or sometimes wavy: context firm, isabelline when young, colored like the pileus when mature, having a faint odor like that of Zactaria camphorata, edible; latex watery or colored like skimmed milk, mild; lamellae whitish, then somewhat ochraceous, and finally colored like the pileus, a few forking near the stipe, close, decurrent, 4-6 mm. broad; stipe colored like the pileus, but not so expallent, equal or tapering upwards, pruinose at the apex, tomentose at the base, stuffed, then hollow, 2-6.5 cm. long, 5-10 mm. thick: spores white, broadly elliptic, echinulate, 7 8x, TYPE LOCALITY: New York. Hasitat: In mixed woods under beech trees among ferns, or on bare soil. DISTRIBUTION: Vermont and New York. ILLUSTRATION : Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 105: pl. 95, f. 7-11. EXSICCATI: Burl. Lact. N. Am. #4. 69. Lactaria subdulcis (Pers.) Fries, Epicr. Myc. 345. 1838. Agaricus lactifiuus-duicis Bull. Herb. Fr. pi. 224. 1784. Agaricus subdulcis Pers. Syn. Fung. 433. ,1801. Lactaria subduicis Fries, Epicr. Myc. 345. 1838. Lactaria subserifiuna Longyear, Rep. Mich. Acad. Sci. 3: 57. 1902. Pileus fleshy, thin, convex, papillate, becoming depressed to infundibuliform, 1-5.5 cm. broad; surface fulvous, isabelline, or reddish-fulvous, not fading, azonate, dry, gla- brous, smooth ; margin involute, then spreading, sometimes flexuous: context firm, fragile, whitish or tinted with isabelline or fulvous, odorless, edible; latex white, unchanging, mild or slowly acrid to bitterish; lamellae whitish or tinted with isabelline, becoming pruinose, sometimes forking, close, adnate, or decurrent by a tooth, up to 3 mm. broad; stipe of the same color as the pileus or paler, nearly equal or tapering upwards, glabrous, or sometimes slightly pubescent at the base, dry, stuffed, becoming hollow, 2-7 cm. long, 2-6 mm. thick: spores white, globular to broadly elliptic, echinulate, 78 yp. Part 3, 1910] AGARICACEAE 199 TYPE LOCALITY: Europe. HABITAT: In woods or on the border of woods. DISTRIBUTION: Eastern United States from Maine to Alabama, and west to Illinois and Mis- souri; Jamaica; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bolt. Geschichte pl. 3; Britz. Hymen. Siidb. Lact. 7. 37; Bull. Herb. Fr. Ai. 224, f.. A, B; Cooke, Brit. Fungi f/. 1002; Gill. Champ. Fr. #1. 172 (393); Lanzi, Funghi Mang. pl, 51, f3; Roum. Crypt. Il. Champ. 7. ii; Sicard, Hist. Nat. Champ. Al. 44, f. 238. EXSICCATT: Burl, Lact. N. Am. 45, Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 7736 ; Herpeil, Prap. Hutpilze 48; P, Karst. Fungi Fenn. 510; Thiim. Fungi Austr. 977 ; Sydow, Myc. Mar. 3320. 70. Lactaria seriflua (DC.) Fries, Epicr. Myc. 345. 1838. Agaricus serifluus DC. Fl. Fr. 6: 45. 1815. Agaricus gynaecogalus Otto, Versuch Agar. 75. 1816. Pileus fleshy, not very thick, plane, then depressed in the center, 5~8 cm. broad; sur- face brown-fawn, azonate, dry, glabrous; margin inrolled, then elevated, sometimes flex- nous: context firm, whitish; latex semitransparent, resembling whey, mild (acrid fide DC. ), scanty; lamellae yellowish, close, decurrent, 2-3 mm. broad; stipe of the same color as the pileus, nearly equal, dry, glabrous, solid, shorter than the breadth of the pileus, 4-7 mm. thick: spores whitish, subglobular, echinulate, 7-8 « in diameter. TYPE LOCALITY: France. HABITAT: On the ground in moist shaded places in woods. DISTRIBUTION : New York, and possibly in Pennsylvania: also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Berk. Outl. Brit. Fungol. pl. 17, f. 4; Cooke, Brit. Fungi p/Z. 1012; Krombh. Abbild. #7. 40, f. 15, 17, 18 ; Iucand, Champ. Fr. pi. 6; Bull. N. ¥. State Mus. 105: pl. 95, f. 7-11, EXsiccatt: Sydow, Myc. Mar. 6/1. 71. Lactaria isabellina Burl. Bull. Torrey Club 34: 88. 1907. Pileus fleshy, not very thick, convex, then broadly convex, at length infundibuliform, umbonate, 3-4.5 cm. broad ;' surface red-fulvous in the center, buff toward the margin, all fading to buff when mature, azonate, dry, glabrous, somewhat roughened and wrinkled in the center especially when old; margin arched, glabrous, even or at length faintly striate, sometimes areolate-wrinkled : context rather firm, white, staining yellowish from the latex ; latex white, at length (after five minutes or less) becoming sulphur yellow, or at least staining the lamellae and flesh yellow, astringent, then acrid, abundant; lamellae pale- yellowish, or tinted with the same color as the pileus, becoming reddish where bruised, forking near the stipe or midway to the margin of the pileus, close, thin, slightly decurrent, 3 mm. broad; stipe of the same color as the pileus, equal or slightly tapering upwards, tomentose at the base, stuffed, becoming hollow, 4 cm. long, 6 mm. thick: spores white, slightly echinulate, 6-7.5 4 X 7-8.5 p. TYPE LOCALITY: Newfane, Vermont. HaBitaT: In leaf-mold or sphagnum, moist, mixed or spruce woods. re eae Vermont, and Chestnut Bald (1500 meters elevation), Pisgah Forest, North ILLTISTRATION: Mem. Torrey Club 14: 103. f. 25. Exsiccatr: Burl. Lact. N. Am. 46. 72. Lactaria mutabilis Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 43: 66. 1890. Pileus fleshy, thin, convex, then nearly plane, 5-10 cm. broad; surface reddish-brown, darker in the center, and zoned with darker rings of confluent spots when moist, azonate when dry, moist but not viscid, glabrous ; margin glabrous: context colored like the sur- face, odorless ; latex white, unchanging, mild; lamellae whitish, becoming tinted with yel- low in the mature plant, close, adnate, broader than the thickness of the pilens; stipe of the same color as the pileus, equal or tapering upwards, glabrous, stuffed, 2.5-5 cm. long, 6-10 mm. thick: spores subglobose, echinulate, 7.5 4 in diameter. TYPE LOCALITY: New York. HaBITaT: Low damp places. DISTRIBUTION : New York. . ILLUSTRATION: Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 43: Al. 7, 4. [-4/. 200 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 9 DOUBTFUL AND EXTRALIMITAL SPECIES Lactaria acris (Bolt.) Fries, Epicr. Myc. 342. 1838. Reported from North Carolina by Schweinitz, but the specimens have been destroyed by insects and the determination cannot be verified. Lactarvia aeruginea (Lam.) Burl. Mem. Torrey Club 14: 46. 1908. Reported from Connecticut by White from Hanmer material, and from Minnesota by Johnson. The Con- necticut specimens proved to be Lactaria turpis (Weinm.) Fries; the Johnson specimens are not available for examination. Lactaria albida Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 38: 126. 1885. Further field work fs necessary before the identity of this form can be positively determined. Lactaria Calceolus Berk. I,ond. Jour. Bot. 6: 315. 1847. This species has not been reported since it was collected in Ohio by Mr. Lea, and the confluent pilei would indicate it to be an abnormal growth, very possibly of Lactaria hygrophoroides, described by Berkeley & Curtis in 1859 from Sprague material. Lactaria flexuosa Fries, Epicr. Myc. 338. 1838. Reported from North Carolina by Schweinitz, and from Vermont by Frost and Burlingham. The Frost and Schweinitz specimens are not preserved, and the third collection, upon subsequent comparison with European plants, proved to be uncertain forms. Lactaria illachrymans Berk. & Rav.; Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. IT. 12: 425, 1853. This plant was collected in swamps in South Carolina by Ravenel, and has also been reported from North Carolina by Curtis. Since the coloration and zonation seem to indi- cate that the species is a Lactaria, it is probable that under favorable and normal condi- tions the context would prove to be lactiferous. Until further field study reveals more fully its characteristics I should hesitate to consider it a valid species. Lactaria mitissima Fries, Epicr. Myc. 345. 1838. Reported from Pennsylvania by Herbst, and from California by Harkness & Moore, but the specimens have not been pre- served. It is described in McIlvaine’s Am. Fungi 181. 1902. Lactaria pallida Pers. Tent. Disp. Fung. 64. 1797. Reported from Khode Island by Bennett, from Connecticut by White, and from Minnesota by Johnson. Only the Connecticut specimens are available for examination and they are pale forms of Lactaria lactiflua (\.) Burl. Lactaria pluinbea (Bull.) Fries, Epicr. Myc. 339. 1838. Reported from Wisconsin by Bundy and from New York by Peck. The Bundy specimens are not preserved, and the plant referred to this species by Peck is plainly some other form. Lactaria pubescens Fries, Epicr. Myc. 335. 1838. Reported from New Vork by Peck. Lactaria ‘‘ sacchavium’’ Johnson, Bull. Minn. Acad. Sci. 1878: 337. 1878. The specimens were collected under poplar trees, among moss “and grass. In view of the fact that the type specimens are not available, and that no further collections have been reported, it seems best not to recognize the species at present. Lactarta sanguinalis (Batsch) Schrét. Krypt. Fl. Schles. 3': 540, 1889. Reported from California by Harkness & Moore and described (Lactaria controversa Fries) in Mc- Ilvaine’s Am. Fungi 164. 1902. Lactaria subinsulsa Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 43: 65. 1890. The type specimens so closely resemble Lactaria affinis that it is probably a pale form of that species. Lactaria vieta Fries, Epicr. Myc. 344, 1838. Reported from Ohio by Morgan, but the specimens are not preserved. Lactaria zonaria (Lam.) Fries, Epicr. Myc. 336. 1838. Reported from Wermont by Frost, Rhode Island by Bennett, New Jersey by Ellis, Ohio by Morgan, Wisconsin by Bundy, Minnesota by Johnson, and from California by Harkness & Moore. The Ellis specimens, which are the only ones preserved, are not Lactaria Zonaria (Ellis & Ev. N. Am, Fungi II. 7976). Parv 4, 1915] AGARICACEAE 201 11. RUSSULA* Pers. Obs. Myc. 100. 1796. Russulina Schrét. Krypt.-Fl. Schies. 31: 550. 1889. Pileus fleshy, continuous with the stipe; surface very variable in color, varying in speci- mens of the same collection according to light exposure or age, with or without a separable cuticle, dry or viscid, glafrous, areolate, squamulose, velvety, or pruinose; margin even, striate, or sulcate and tuberculate: context brittle, vesiculose, not lactiferous, mild or acrid in taste, sometimes with a distinctly pleasant or disagreeable odor, sometimes changing color - where broken or handled; lamellae brittle, rather thin, with acute edges, equal or unequal in length, simple or forking, often becoming darker with age or staining where bruised, some- times pruinose from the abundant spores; stipe central or nearly so, never fibrous, firm, spongy or stuffed, becoming hollow: spores white or yellow, globose to elliptic, usually echinu- late. The plants grow on the ground in the woods or in grassy places in open groves or in the edges of woods, or occasionally on decaying wood. Type species, Agaricus emeticus Schaef. Lamellae alternating long and short. Pileus without a pellicle. I. ComMpacTak. Pileus with a pellicle more or less separable. XX. HETEROPHYLLAE. Lamellae dichotomously forking, narrowed at each end. VIII. Brrrpas. Lamellae equal or with a few scattered short ones, simple or some of them forking once. Pileus with the pellicle glabrous at first, breaking up into areolae, squamules, or mealy particles, or velvety from the first. Pellicle not separable; surface dry, becoming areolate or areolate- squamiulose. II. Lepipak. Pellicle separable part way to the disk. Spores white. Odor not characteristic. Pileus green or brownish-ochraceous. III, CrustosakE. Pileus white or some shade of yellow or pink; margin even. VI. INSIGNEs. Odor usually foetid. Pileus buff to burnt-umber; margin striate. VII. PECTINATAE. Spores yellow. Lamellae remaining yellow. IV. SUBVELUTINAE. Lamellae changing to brownish where bruised, or smoky to umber in drying. V. ATROPURPUREAE. Pileus glabrous. Spores white. Taste mild. Wounds becoming gray or blackish. XIX. DECOLORANTES. Wounds not becoming gray or blackish. Pileus yellow. XVII. Frncisiies. Pileus red. XXIV. PURPURINAE. Taste acrid. : Lamellae all equal and simple. Pileus yellow, or white tinged with yellow. XII, OcHROLEUCAE. Pileus red, red and yellow, vinaceous, violet, or white. XXV. FRAGILEs. Lamellae partly short and some forking, chiefly near the stipe. Pellicle separable, viscid. Pileus ochroleucous to snuff-brown or umber; margin usually pectinate. VII. PECTINATAE. Pileus vinaceous. XI. VINACEAE. Pellicle scarcely separable or viscid; piletus red. XIV. SANGUINEAE. Spores yellow. Taste mild. Wounds of lamellae becoming gray or blackish. 4 KIX. DeEcoLoRANtEs. Wounds of lamellae not becoming gray or blackish. Lamellae equal, simple. Pileus yellowish. XVIII. Luteak. Pileus some shade of red, or red and yellow inter- mingled, or gray and umber. Spores pale-yellow. XXII. INTEGRAE. Spores ochraceous. XXII. Avuraceas. Lamellae equal or nearly so, forking near the stipe at east. Spores pale-yellow. Pileus white or tinged with yellow or reddish. IX. BasrFuRCATAE. Pileus some shade of green. XVI. GLaucak. * By GERTRUDE SIMMONS BURLINGHAM. 202 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 9 Spores ochraceous; pileus red, purplish-red, rosy, or rosy and yellow intermingled. Surface viscid; pellicle separable. XX. BETULINAE. Surface scarcely viscid; pellicle scarcely separable. XXI, OcHROPHYLLAE. Taste acrid. Pellicle separable half way to the disk. ; Lamellae equal, simple; plants fragile. XV. PALUSTRES. Lamellae nearly equal, some forking; plants rather firm. XIII. VETERNOSAE. Pellicle not easily separable; surface scarcely viscid. XIV. SANGUINEAE. I. Compacta&e Pileus white, becoming rusty-ochraceous with age or in drying; wounds turning reddish, but not black. Lamellae broad, subdistant. 1. R. compacta. Lamellae narrow, close. . 2. R. magnifica. Pileus white, becoming blackish or fuliginous with age or in drying. Wounds changing to reddish, then black. oe Lamellae distant. 3. R. nigricans. Lamellae crowded. 4, R. densifolia. Wounds changing to blackish at first. . Surface of pileus dry. 5. R. sordida. Surface of pileus viscid. . 6. R. subsordida. Wounds not becoming red or black, but the entire surface becoming fuliginous. 7. R. subusia. Pileus persistently white or whitish. 8. R. delica. Pileus yellowish, yellowish-brown, sordid, or brownish-gray from the first. Surface persistently smooth. amellae becoming reddish or umber where wounded, or at least with age or in drying. 7 Lamellae distant. 9. R. eecentrica. Lamellae very crowded. 10. R. polyphylia. Lamellae not changing color where wounded. Pileus cream-colored or deeper yellow. 11. R. cremoricolor. Pileus grayish-yellow. 12. R. mustelina. Surface becoming rimose-areolate to floccose-scaly. 13. R. Morgani. II. Lepipar Spores pale-yellow. Pileus sanguineous-rosy, fading, often yellowish on the disk. 14. R. lepidea. Pileus rose-purple on the margin, olive-green in the center, fading. 15. R. xerampelina. Spores white; pileus white, sometimes becoming tinged with alutaceous. 16. R. lactea. III. Crustosaz Spores pure-white. Pileus green intermingled with yellowish, striate on the margin; taste tardily acrid. 17. R. crustosa. Pileus green, even on margin; taste mild. 18. R. virescens. Spores yellow or tinged with yellow. Surface of pileus furfuraceous; spores almost white. 19, R. viridella. Surface of pileus pruinose-tomentose or velvety; spores maize-yellow. 20. R. modesta. IV. SvuBVELUTINAE Pileus some shade of red or vinous-purple. ‘Taste mild. Surface red; the broken context not becoming sticky where handled. 21. R. subvelutina. Surface vinous-purple, often intermingled with yellowish, very variable; the broken context becoming sticky where handled. 22. R. Mariae. ‘Taste soon acrid. 23. R. rubriochracea. Pileus yellow 24. R .flavida. Pileus violaceous; stipe white. 25. R. Murrillit. V. ATROPURPUREAR, Weaunss becoming sordid-brown to umber; the entire surface brownish in rying. . 26. R. atropu ed. Wounds not becoming brown; the entire surface pale-smoky in drying. 27. R. pee tes ag VI. INSIGNES Stipe yellowish, adorned, at least below, with deeper yellow granules or squamules. Pileus becoming minutely granular except on the disk; taste mild. 28. R. insignis a a Agree ophaga reigs pal ah the disk; taste acrid. 29. R. Ballouii. ipe tinged with pink; pileus rose-pink, becoming gran i ing Stipe white, glabrous. F : & granular 30. R. corallina. Pileus white or faintly tinged with pink or yellow in the center, minutely _granulose, lamellae decurrent. 31. R. blanda Pileus pale-lilac, fading to white, minutely floccose or fibrillose. 32. R. flocculosa. VIE. PrcTINaTA! Margin deeply and widely striate. 7 Part 4, 1915] AGARICACEAE 208 Odor resembling that of bitter almonds when fresh, stronger with age or in drying. Lamellae mostly simple; pileus thin, up to 8 cm. broad. 33. R. pectinata. Lamellae more or less forked; pileus thick, 8-12 cm. broad. 34, R. foetens. Odor not pronounced. 35. R. pectinatoides. Margin not deeply and widely striate-tuberculate. Surface of pileus pulverulent. Stipe glabrous. 36. R. granulaia. Stipe granulate. 37. R. pulverulenta. Surface of pileus glabrous; hymenophore becoming umber in drying. 38. R. ventricosipes. VIII. Brripae Taste mild or bitter with age, not acrid; lamellae subdistant. 39. R. bifida. ‘Taste acrid; lamellae crowded. 40. R. variata. IX. BasiFuRCATAE Taste mild, then bitterish. 41. R. basifurcata. Taste acrid. 42, R. albidula. XX. HETEZROPHYLLAE Taste mild. Pileus greenish or mixed with green. Spores pure-white; lamellae narrow. 43. R. heterophylia. Spores creamy-white; lamellae broad. 44. R. cyanoxantha. Pileus yellow. 46. R. Eorlei. ‘Taste acrid; spores white; margin even. 45. R. consobrina, XI. VINACEAE Stipe white. Pileus dull-garnet on the margin, pale-yellowish on the disk. 47. R. vinacea. Pileus cinnabar-red on the margin, whitish on the disk. 48. R. paxilloides. Stipe violaceous-purple; pileus Indian-lake to dark-violaceous, paler on the margin. 49. R. Queletii. XII. OcHRoLeUCAE Stipe white, becoming cinereous. 50. R. ochroleuca. Stipe white, unchanging. Pileus straw-yellow. 51. R. Raoultii. Pileus white or sometimes tinged with yellow. 52. R. anomala. Stipe pale-ochraceous. 53. R. simillima. XIII. VETERNOSAE Pileus some shade of red, with yellow often appearing on the disk, or some shade of yellow and orange. Spores yellowish-buff; pileus old-blood-red to incarnate, fading, whitish or yellow on the disk. 54, R. veternosa. Spores ochraceous. Pileus blood-red or rosy-red, sometimes spotted with white or orange blotches. 55, R. tenuipes. Pileus Corinthian-red, fading, the center tinged with yellow. 56. R. corinthiirubra. Pileus honey-yellow on the disk to coppery-orange on the margin. 57. R. aurantialutea. Pileus Morocco-red, not fading. 58. R. borealis. Pileus dark-violet when dried. 59. R. atroviolacea, Pileus vinous-purple to dark-purple, with chamois color and greenish intermingled. Color not fading; stipe bulbous. 60. R. Robinsoniae. Color fading. 61. R. expallens. XIV. SANGUINEAE Spores creamy-white; lamellae close, soon decurrent. 62. R. sanguinea. Spores pale-yellow; lamellae subdistant, adnate. 63. R. mexicana. XV. PaLUSTRES Pileus slate-violet on the margin, the center vinous-purple surrounded by yellowish; tardily acrid. 64, R. palustris. Piieus lilac-rose to salmon- jilac, the center darker surrounded by gray- green or stone-color; very fragile; promptly acrid. 65. R. gracilis. XVI. GLAUCAE Stipe white, unchanging. Pileus glaucous-green intermingled with rosy-flesh-color or salmon- flesh-color and maize-yellow; margin striate; lamellae becoming pale- yellow. 66. R. glauca, Pileus pale-olivaceous, becoming yellow on the disk, no pink tints present; margin even; lamellae becoming deep- yellow. 67. R. subolivascens. Pileus aerugineous-green, leaden-gray, or paler, sometimes umber on the disk; spores whitish. 68. R. aeruginea. 204 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA Stipe white, then sordid-yellowish; pileus grass-green. XVII. FIncrsives Pileus flavous, buff, or fawn-colored. Pileus isabelline, with testaceous and ochraceous tints. Pileus white, often tinged with yellow in the center. XVIII. Pileus viscid when wet, without pruinose bloom. Pileus luteous; lamellae deep-yellow. Pileus amber-yellow to golden-yellow; lamellae pale-yellow; slightly acrid. Pileus dry or at least pruinose, avellaneous-isabelline; lamellae pale-yellow. LUTEAE taste XIX. DECOLORANTES Pileus some shade of red. Spores yellow. Wounds becoming cinereous. Pileus varying from light-red to orange. Pileus dark-red, often blackish in the center. Wounds first becoming red, then black. Spores white. Stipe becoming black when wounded. Stipe not becoming black when wounded. Pileus yellow. XX. BETULINAE Taste mild; without special odor. Pileus reddish-salmon colored on the margin, becoming yellowish on the disk; stipe white. Pileus rosy or red, fading, yellowish on the disk; stipe yellow to orange at the base. Pileus rosy-incarnate to rosy-orange, with white or pale spots; stipe tinged with rose. Pileus vinaceous, dull-Indian-purple, Pompeian-red, or livid-brown, fading; stipe white or washed with pinkish. Taste bitter or becoming more or less astringent when mature; odor dis- agreeable and foetid with age or in drying; pileus blood-red-brown to red-brown. XXI. OcHROPHYLLAE Pileus dull-red; stipe reddish. XXT. INTEGRAE Pileus more than 6 cm. broad. Odor not characteristic. Stipe not tinged with red. Pileus varying from dark-dull-red to reddish-brown, fading. Pileus varying from apricot-color on the margin to yellow in the center, becoming fulvous in drying. Stipe tinged with red. Pileus Morocco-red, varying to Mars-orange, often apricot- yellow on the disk. Pileus dark-purple, nearly black on the disk; up to 22 em. broad. Odor resembling that of fresh meal; stipe white, rarely rose-colored; pileus varying from red to incarnate or bay-purple. Pileus less than 6 cm. broad. Stipe white. Pileus red, sometimes darker on the disk. Pileus salmon to reddish-salmon or yellowish-salmon, Morocco-red on the disk. Pileus whitish or pale-gray, brown on the disk. Stipe white or with yellowish stains; pileus slate-violet to livid-umber, darker on the disk. Stipe rose-colored; pileus pale-olive-brown, purplish-red or rose-red on the disk. XXII. ALvTackae Stipe more or less tinged with red; pileus dull-red to purplish-red, fading on the disk. Stipe white. Odor not characteristic. Pileus varying from rose-red to purple and lilac; becoming yellow on the disk or over almost the eatire surface. Pileus vinous-purple with blackish or greenish center; lamellae becoming pale-yellow; cystidia absent. Pileus reddish-violaceous, without green shades; lamellae becoming ochraceous; cystidia present. Odor disagreeable with age; pileus purple-brown on the disk, dull- garnet toward the margin. 73. 75. 99. 100. 101. 102. .R. WR. .R. [VoLUME 9 graminicolor. Jingibilis. stricta, R. albida. ne RRR RR . lutea. flaviceps. sulcatipes. decolorans. obscura. rubescens. . nigrescentipes, . subdepallens. flava. . betulina. . Luteobasis. . roseipes. . Subalutacea. . astringens. R. ochrophylia. ad mom wR oh . integra, . fulvescens. . rubrotincta. - maxima. . melliolens. . pusilla. . humidicola. . Blackfordae. . puellaris. . Sphagnophila. alutacea. . chamaeleontina. . abietina, Turci. . nauseosa. Part 4, 1915] AGARICACEAE 205 XXIV. PURPURINAE Pileus old-blood-red to reddish-old-rose and rose-pink. Stipe deep-red, sometimes white at the base and apex; lamellae usually crenulate on the edges; cystidia numerous. 103. R. purpurina. Stipe white or stained more or less with red; lamellae even on the edges. 104. R. uncialis. Pileus dark-violet, purple, or purplish-red, blackish-livid toward the center. 105. R. sericeonitens. Pileus varying from Vandyke-brown to brownish-drab or burnt-umber. 106. R. brunneola. Pileus whitish or tinged with pink, especially on the margin. 107. R. albella. XXV. FRAGILES Pileus red, nearly uniformly colored. Surface smooth. Lamellae adnexed, close; context white next to the cuticle. 108. R. subfragilis: Lamellae free, subdistant; context red next to the cuticle. 109. R. emetica. Surface rugose-tuberculate, 110. R. rugulosa. Pileus containing red or violet, not uniformly colored, nearly black on the is Stipe white, unchanging. Margin of pileus dull- dark-red, even. 112. R. nigrodisca. Margin of pileus incarnate to Indian-lake, greenish toward the disk, striate. 113. R. fallax. Stipe staining sordid-violaceous or dull-red where bruised; margin of pileus violet-colored. 114. R. parvula. Pileus coppery-red intermingled with pale-yellow or ocher. lil. R. bicolor. Pileus white or whitish. 115. R. crenulata. I. Compactae. Pileus without a pellicle, dry or viscid, glabrous; margin involute at first, even: context firm and compact as in the Piperatae group of the Lactariae, frequently changing color where wounded or with age, mild or tardily acrid in taste; lameilae unequal, shorter alternating with the longer, seldom forking, in many species becoming darker colored with age or in drying or where wounded; spores white. 1. Russula compacta Frost & Peck; Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 32: 32. 1880. Pileus fleshy, broadly convex, sometimes umbilicate, becoming centrally depressed or infundibuliform, 7.5-15 cm. broad; surface white or whitish, becoming rusty-ochraceous; dry or subviscid after heavy rains, unpolished, glabrous; margin even: context compact, white, mild or slightly and tardily acrid, the odor in drying strong and disagreeable; lamellae white, becoming reddish-brown where wounded and smoky-brown in drying, unequal, occa- sionally forked, rather close to subdistant, adnate or slightly rounded behind; stipe white, but becoming stained with reddish-brown in handling or where wounded, and sometimes changing color like the pileus, equal or nearly so, solid, 3.5—6.5 cm. long, 1.2-2.5 cm. thick: spores white, globose to subglobose, nearly smooth, 7 » in diameter. TYPE LOCALITY: Sandlake, New York. Hasitat: In pine woods or mixed woods. DisTRIBUTION: New England, New York, and New Jersey. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 116: pl. 109, f. 1-4 2. Russula magnifica Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 67: 24. 1903. Pileus convex-umbilicate, becoming centrally depressed or infundibuliform, up to 25 cm. broad; surface whitish, becoming pale-rusty-ochraceous, viscid when young or moist, glabrous, but sometimes slightly rimose-squamose in the center; margin even, involute, then upturned: context firm, white or whitish, the odor and taste alkaline, strong and disagreeable, odor persisting in drying; lamellae whitish with a faint pinkish tint, becoming reddish-brown where wounded, and a dark-reddish-brown on drying, unequal, adnate or slightly decurrent, narrow, close; stipe white or whitish, staining brownish-flesh-color, equal or tapering downward, solid, becoming spongy or even hollow, 5-12 cm. long, 1.5-3.5 cm. thick: spores white, broadly elliptic, nearly smooth, slightly roughened at maturity, 6-7 X 8-9 nu. TYPE Loca.ity: Port Jefferson, Suffolk County, New York. Hasirat: Among fallen leaves in sandy woods under Kalmia. DIstRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 67: pl. N, f. 5-10. 206 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 3. Russula nigricans (Bull.) Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 60. 1821. Agaricus nigricans Bull. Herb. Fr. #1. 212. 1784. Agaricus nigrescens Krombh. Abbild. 9:27. 1845. Pileus convex and umbilicate, expanding and centrally depressed, 7-13 cm. broad; surface pure-white or stained with smoky-brown, becoming blackish or dark-fuliginous, slightly viscid when wet, glabrous; margin incurved at first, even: context firm, white, slowly changing to reddish where wounded and becoming black, mild to the taste, without odor; lamellae white, becoming blackish with age or in drying, unequal, slightly rounded at the inner ends and adnexed, broad, subdistant; stipe white, becoming smoky-brown with age, solid, 6 cm. long, reaching 3 cm. thick: spores white, broadly elliptic, very finely echinulate, 7 X 8.7 u. ‘TYPE LOCALITY: France. é Hasirar: On the ground in coniferous or mixed woods, in rather dry soil. : eee Maine to Virginia and North Carolina and west to Wisconsin and Oregon; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Barla, Champ. Nice pl. 17, f. 1-9 (as Agaricus adustus Pers.); Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 212, 579, f. 2; Cooke, Brit. Fungi pl. 1015; Gill. Champ. Fr. pl. 625: Hussey, Ill. Brit. Myc. 1: pl. 73 (as Agaricus adustus); Krombh. Abbild. pl. 70, f. 14, 15; Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. pl. 12, f. 1; Richon & Roze, Atl. Champ: #1. 41, f. 19-22; Ricken, Blatterp. Deutschl. gl. 15, f. 2; Lanzi, Funghi Mang. Pl. 51, f. 2, a, b, c; Sow. Engl. Fungi pl. 36 (as Agaricus elephantinus). 4. Russula densifolia (Secr.) Gill. Champ. Fr. 231. 1876. Agaricus adustus densifolius Secr. Mycogr. Suisse 1: 476. 1833. Pileus fleshy, firm, convex, then depressed, up to 10 cm. broad; surface white, then fuliginous, gray, or smoky-brown, viscid when wet, glabrous; margin even, inflexed for some time: context white, then reddish where wounded and at length black, mild, without special odor; lamellae white, reddish, then black where wounded, unequal, some forking, adnate to decurrent, close; stipe white, then sordid to gray, at length blackening, firm, slightly pruinose, 4 cm. long, up to 2.5 em. thick: spores white, globose, 7—8 u in diameter. TYPE LOCALITY: France. Hasitat: On the ground in mixed woods. DISTRIBUTION: Vermont to the District of Columbia and west to Michigan; also in Europe. ILLustRatTions: Cooke, Brit. Fungi pl. 1017; Gill. Champ. Fr. pl. 173 (608); Rep. Mich. Acad. Sci. 11: f. 1; Lucand, Champ. Fr. $l. 43; Pat. Tab. Fung. f. 200, 319. 5. Russula sordida Peck, Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 1:57. 1873. Pileus convex, becoming centrally depressed, 7.5-15 cm. broad; surface sordid-white, becoming smoky-brown with age, dry, glabrous, margin even: context white, changing to blackish-brown or bluish-black where cut or bruised, mild or tardily acrid; lamellae white, changing to blackish-brown or black with age or in drying, unequal, sometimes forked, adnate to slightly decurrent, close; stipe white, becoming smoky-brown with age or where wounded, equal, solid, firm, 2.5-5 cm. long, 1.2-2.5 cm. thick: spores white, globose, very minutely echinulate, appearing nearly smooth, 8 » in diameter. Type LOCALITY: Worcester, New York. Hasrrat: On the ground under hemlocks. DISTRIBUTION: Maine, Connecticut, New York, Ohio, and Missouri. Innusrrations: Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 105: pl. 98, f. 1-5. 6. Russula subsordida Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 105: 40. 1906. Pileus firm, convex, becoming nearly plane or centrally depressed, up to 13 cm. broad; surface white, becoming smoky-brown with age, sometimes with an olive-green tint, viscid when young or wet, glabrous; margin even: context grayish-white, slowly changing to smoky- brown when cut or broken, mild or slightly and tardily acrid; lamellae whitish, becoming black or blackish with age or in drying, unequal, adnate, thin, close; stipe white, becoming smoky- brown with age or where wounded, solid, becoming spongy within and sometimes hollow, glabrous, 2.5-3.5 cm. long, 1.2-2.5 cm. thick: spores white, globose, with scattered, blunt papillae on the surface, 8 » in diameter. TYPE LocaLity: Horicon, Wayne County, New York. Hastrrat: In deciduous or mixed woods. DISTRIBUTION: New England to Alabama and west to Ohio. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 105: 1. 99, f. 1-5. Part 4, 1915] AGARICACEKAE 207 7. Russula subusta Burlingham. Agaricus adustus Fries, Syst. Myc. 1:60. 1821. Not A. adustus With. 1792. Russula adusta Fries, Epicr. Myc. 350. 1838. Pileus fleshy, convex, depressed, then infundibuliform, 5-16 em. broad; surface white or whitish, becoming cinereous or fuliginous, dry, glabrous; margin at first inflexed, even, glab- rous, then upturned: context firm, thick, white, unchanging, the taste mild; lamellae white, slightly sordid with age, unequal, seldom forking, close, from adnate to decurrent, thin; stipe colored like the pileus, equal, solid, 2.5-5 cm. long, 1-2 cm. thick: spores white, subglobose, echinulate, 7-9 X 8-10 x. TYPE LOCALITY: Sweden. Hasitat: In mixed woods. DISTRIBUTION: New England to Michigan and south to Alabama; also in Europe. InLustrations: Atk. Stud. Am. Fungi 1. 40, f. 6; Cooke, Brit. Fungi pl. 1051; Hard, Mush- ae t a ; Krombh. Abbild. /. 70, f. 7-11 (as Agaricus nigricans); Ricken, Blatterp. Deutschl. pl. 15, f. 3. 8. Russula delica Fries, Epicr. Myc. 350. 1838. Hypophylium album Paulet & Lév. Ic. Champ. 33. 1855. Russula deliciosa Schrét. Krypt.-Fi. Schles. 31: 549, 1889. Russula brevipes Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 54: 178. 1901. Pileus fleshy, of medium thickness, firm, broadly convex-umbilicate, then spreading, and at length infundibuliform, 8-16 cm. broad; surface white, sometimes with yellowish stains when the pileus has brought soil up with it, easily staining yellowish in drying, dry, glabrous or sometimes under the lens appearing obscurely tomentose from the pulling apart of the fibers in the outer layer; margin even, involute, late in expanding: context firm, white, unchanging where bruised, slowly becoming slightly acrid; lamellae white, the edges often becoming faintly glaucous-green when mature or in the process of drying, becoming yellowish where rubbed, some equal, some forking, narrowed at both ends, decurrent, subdistant to distant, rather narrow; stipe white, sometimes with a glaucous-green ring at the apex, glabrous or sometimes under a lens slightly downy at the apex, 2-5 cm. long, 1-2 cm. thick: spores white, subglobose, tuberculate, 9 X 10. Typ LocaLity: Europe. Hastrat: In dry woods, especially coniferous woods. . DISTRIBUTION: Maine to Alabama and Mississippi and west to Colorado; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Cooke, Brit. Fungi pl. 1068; Gill. Champ. Fr. pl. 174 (607); Lucand, Champ. Fr. pl. 146; Pat. Tab. Fung. pl. 514; Paulet & Lév. Ic. Champ. #1. 73, f. 1; Ann. Rep. N. ¥. State Mus. 54: pl. 71, f. 1-5; Richon & Roze, Atl. Champ. 1. 40, f. 1-4; Ricken, Blatterp. Deutschl. 2: pl. 15, f. 1. Exsiccat1: Clements, Crypt. Form. Colo. 366; Roum. Fungi Gall. 5320. 9, Russula eccentrica Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 150: 61. 1911. Pileus fleshy but thin, eccentric or deformed, at first centrally depressed, becoming nearly plane, 5-10 cm. broad; surface brownish or brownish-gray, faintly reddish-brown when dry, glabrous, dry; margin even, incurved at first and for some time: context white, with disagree- able odor; lamellae pallid or tinged with pink, becoming reddish where wounded, unequal, adnate or adnexed, thin, subdistant, broad; stipe white, equal, smooth, spongy within, 4~6 em. long, 1.5-3 em. thick: spores white, subglobose, smooth or nearly so, 5-7 X 6-8 nu. Types Locatity: Near St. Louis, Missouri. Hasirtat: In a grassy ravine in open oak woods. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 10. Russula polyphylla Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 25: 370. 1898. Pileus convex, becoming depressed or infundibuliform, 7.5-12.5 cm. broad; surface pale- flesh-colored, sordid-yellowish when dry, subareolate, glabrous; margin even: context firm, mild in taste, odor heavy; lamellae reddish-flesh-colored, umber when dried, unequal, many, very close, adnate to subdecurrent, narrow; stipe concolorous, equal, hollow, 5-7.5 cm. long, 1.5-2.5 em. thick: spores probably white, somewhat irregular or one-sided in shape, minutely echinulate, 6-7.5 X 7.5 yu. TYPE LOCALITY: Auburn, Alabama. Hastirat: On the ground in woods. . DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 208 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VOLUME 9 11. Russula cremoricolor Earle, Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 2: 340. 1902. Pileus convex, depressed in the center, 6-10 cm. in diameter; surface deep-cream-colored, darker on the disk, smooth; margin entire, incurved: context white, unchanging, peppery, the odor almost none; lamellae pale-cream-colored, unequal, subsinuous, subcrowded, rather plane; stipe white, subequal, irregular, smooth, solid, 4-6 cm. long, 2.5-3.5 cm. thick: spores white, globose, slightly echinulate, 5.5-7 » in diameter. TYPE LOCALITY: Stanford University, California. Hasirat: On the ground in woods. DISTRIBUTION: Connecticut and California. 12. Russula mustelina Fries, Epicr. Myc. 351. 1838. Pileus convex to expanding, depressed in the center or becoming plane, 5-8 cm. broad; surface brownish or dingy-yellowish, viscid when wet, glabrous; margin even, inflexed: con- text firm, white, unchanging; lamellae white, unequal, rounded behind and adnexed, broadest in front, venose-connected, close, thin; stipe white, fleshy, solid, smooth, glabrous, 5 cm. long: spores white, globose, echinulate, 5.5—7 » in diameter. Typg Locality: Europe. Hasirar: On the ground in woods. Distrreution: In the vicinity of St. Louis, Missouri; also in Europe. InLustRations: Cooke, Brit. Fungi pl. 1018; Gill. Champ. Fr. gl. 623. 13. Russula Morgani Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 468. 1887. Russula incarvnata Morgan, Jour. Cinc. Soc. Nat. Hist. 6:187. 1883. Not R. imcarnata Quél. 1882. Pileus fleshy, firm, convex-umbilicate, then expanding and centrally depressed, 7-10 cm. broad; sutface sordid on the margin to brownish on the disk, becoming rimose-areolate or areolate-scaly, moist; margin even: context white, thin, mild in taste; lamellae white, then flesh-colored, short ones alternating with longer, adnate, distant, broad; stipe white, becoming pinkish or reddish-brown where handled, solid, subequal, 5 cm. long, 1.8-2 cm. thick: spores white, nearly smooth, obliquely apiculate, 5.5 XK 8 pu. Type LocaLity: Miami Valley, Ohio. HapsrraT: On the ground under beech trees. DISTRIBUTION: Ohio and Pennsylvania. II. Lepidae. Pileus without separable pellicle, dry, unpolished, often becoming areolate or areolate-squamulose; margin even: context firm and rigid, mild in taste, without special odor; lamellae with a few short ones intermingled but not at regular intervals, sometimes a few forked, narrow at the inner ends, rounded at the outer: spores pale-yellow to white. 14. Russula lepida Fries, Sv. Aetl. Svamp. 50. 1836. Pileus compact, fleshy, convex to expanded, starcely depressed, reaching 10 em. broad; surface beautiful, sanguineous-rosy, fading, often white or yellowish at the disk, darker red on the margin, unpolished, somewhat silky, then often rimose-squamulose, dry; margin even: context firm, cheesy, mild in taste; lamellae white, becoming cream-colored, often red on the edges, a few short ones present, forked, venose-connected, narrowed and rounded toward the stipe, sometimes slightly decurrent by a tooth; stipe white or rosy, even, firm, then spongy, reaching 7 cm. long and 2.5 cm. thick: spores pale-straw-colored, globose, echinulate, 8-9 B in diameter. TYPE LOCALITY: Sweden. Hastirar: In mixed woods or under beeches. DIsTRIBUTION: New York, Alabama, District of Columbia, and Missouri; also in Europe In_ustrations: Cooke, Brit. Fungi pl. 1072, 1073; Cordier, Champ. Fr. pl. 29, f. 1; Fries, Sv. Aetl. Svamp. pl. 59; Gill. Champ. Fr. pl. 176 (620); Richon & Roze, Atl. Ch 9» Ricken, Blatterp. Deutschl. pl. 16, f. 4. 7 ane adn as 15. Russula xerampelina (Schaeff.) Fries, Epicr. Myc. 356. 1838. Agaricus xerampelinus Schaeff. Fung. Bavar. 4: Ind. 49, 1774. Pileus convex then plane, up to 10 cm. broad; surface more or less rose-purple on the margin, olive-green in the center, becoming paler sometimes, dry, glabrous to pruinose or Part 4, 1915] AGARICACEAE 209 rimulose, pellicle not easily separating; margin even, inrolled for some time: context white, slightly yellowish or smoke-colored where exposed in drying, firm, mild in taste, odor not pronounced; lamellae cream-colored, alutaceous in drying, mostly equal, forking near the stipe or sometimes anastomosing midway to the stipe, narrowed at the inner ends, rounded at the outer, not dusted with the spores; stipe white tinged with pink, subequal to ventricose, spongy but firm, under the lens pruinose in the upper portion, somewhat areolate at the base, 5-6 cm. long, 3 cm. thick: spores pale-yellow, globose, echinulate, 10 » in diameter. TYPE LOCALITY: Europe. Hasirat: In coniferous forests or in mixed woods. DIstTRIBUTION: Michigan and Colorado; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Cooke, Brit. Fungi pl. 1053, 1074; Gill. Champ. Fr. pl. 178 (640); Ricken, Blatterp. Deutschl. gl. 17, f. 3; Schaeff. Fung. Bavar. pl. 214, 215. Exsiccati: Roum. Fungi Sel. 5322. 16. Russula lactea (Pers.) Fries, Epicr. Myc. 355. 1838. Agaricus lacteus Pers. Syn. Fung. 439. 1801. Hypophyllum integrum Paulet & Lév. Ic. Champ. 34. 1855. Pileus fleshy, compact, campanulate, then convex and at length spreading and depressed in the center, often eccentric, up to 10 cm. broad; surface white, then tinged with alutaceous, dry, becoming rimulose-areolate to squamulose; margin even, thin, obtuse: context mild in taste; lamellae white, a few short ones present, forked, distant, thick, rigid, rather broad; stipe white, solid, firm, spongy within, 4-5 cm. long, up to 4 cm. thick: spores white, sub- globose, echinulate, 8-9 * 9-10 u.. Types Locarity: Europe. Hasirtar: On the ground in mixed woods. DIsTRIBUTION: Mississippi; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Barla, Champ. Nice #1. 15, f. 11-13; Cooke, Brit. Fungi $1. 1070; Gill. Champ. a ana (var. incarnata); Paulet & Lév. Ic. Champ. 1. 74, f.2; Richon & Roze, Atl. Champ. pl. 40, f. 9-11. III. Crustosae. Pileus without separable pellicle; surface green, dry or viscid when wet, breaking up into scales like those on an Amanita, or into smaller mealy-like granules, or velvety- tomentose from the first; margin even, but sometimes obscurely striate in age: context white, unchanging, moderately firm, mild or tardily acrid, without special odor; lamellae with some short ones intermingled and some forking, narrow at the inner ends and rounded at the outer: spores white or pale-yellow. 17. Russula crustosa Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 39: 41. 1887. Pileus convex, becoming nearly plane or centrally depressed, 5-12 cm. broad; surface variable in color, stramineous, pale-ochraceous, brownish-ochraceous, greenish or greenish- yellow, rarely brownish-purple, viscid when wet, with small, appressed, areolate scales, except on the smooth disk; margin striate when mature: context white, mild or slightly and tardily acrid; lamellae white, some short, some forked, narrowed toward the stipe, moderately close; stipe white, equal, stuffed or hollow, 3-6 cm. long, 1.2-2.5 cm. thick: spores white, subglobose, 8-10 uw in diameter. TyPs LocaLity: New York. Hasirat: In woods and open places in woods. _ DISTRIBUTION: From Connecticut west to Michigan and Ohio and south to Alabama and Missis- “PPT LUSTRATIONS: Bull. N. V. State Mus. 67: pl. 84, f. 1-7. 18. Russula virescens (Schaeff.) Fries, Epicr. Myc. 355. 1838. Agaricus virescens Schaeff. Fung. Bavar. 4: Ind. 40. 1774. .Pileus fleshy, globose, becoming convex, then nearly plane and often centrally depressed, 5-12 cm. broad; surface green or grayish-green, dry, with small, flocculose patches or warts resembling those of Amanita; margin even, rarely slightly striate in old specimens: context white, mild in taste; lamellae white, a few short ones present, some forking, narrow toward the stipe and nearly or quite free, rather close; stipe white, firm, nearly equal, 2.5—5 cm. long, 1.2-2 em. thick: spores white, subglobose, echinulate, 7 X 8 u. 210 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VOLUME 9 Type LocALity: Europe. Hasitat: Oak, maple, or mixed woods. DISTRIBUTION: Maine to Virginia and west to Michigan and Ohio; also in Europe. ILLusrrations: Atk. Stud. Am. Fungi #1. 36, f. 1; Barla, Champ. Nice, $l. 16, f. 10-12; Bres. Funghi Mang. pl. 69; Cooke, Brit. Fungi pl. 1039; Cordier, Champ. Fr. pl. 31; Gill. Champ. Fr. pl. 175; Ricken, Blatterp. Deutschl. pl. 16, f. 3; Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 48: pl. 31; Hussey, Ill. Brit. Myc. pl. 11; Vitt. Deser. Funghi Mang. #l. 31. Exsiccati: Cavara, Fungi Longob. 104. 19. Russula viridella Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 105: 41. 1906. Pileus subglobose or very convex, becoming nearly plane or centrally depressed, 5-10 cm. broad; surface pale-grayish-green, paler or subochraceous in the center, dry, soon minutely squamulose or furfuraceous, except in the center; margin even: context white, acrid; lamellae white, a few short ones present, some forked, thin, narrow, close; stipe white, equal or nearly so, even, solid or spongy within, 5-7.5 cm. long, 1-1.6 cm. thick: spores white, tinged with yellow, globose to subglobose, 8 » or less in diameter: cystidia subfusiform, 80 X 16 u. TYPE LocaLity: Horicon, Wayne County, New York. Hapsirat: Under hemlock trees. DIstrRrButIon: Known only from the type locality. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 105: pl. 100, f. 1-7. 20. Russula modesta Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 116: 78. 1907. Pileus firm but thin and flexible, broadly convex, becoming nearly plane or depressed in the center, 2.5-6.5 cm. broad; surface greenish-gray, dry, minutely pruinose-tomentose, noticeably so under a lens; margin even or obscurely striate: context white, taste mild; lamellae white, becoming cream-colored or darker in drying, a few short, many forked behind, venose-connected, narrowed toward the stipe, adnate or slightly decurrent, close; stipe white, nearly equal, solid, glabrous, 2.5 to nearly 4 cm. long, wp to 1.2 em. thick: spores maize-yellow, subglobose, nearly smooth, 5-6 X 7 u. TYPE LocaLity: Albany County, New York. Hasitat: Woods. DiIstTRIBUTION: New York and Vermont. IV. Subvelutinae. Pileus with the pellicle separable on the margin, usually dry, but sometimes slightly viscid when wet, velvety-pruinose from the first, some shade of red, violet, or yellow; margin even; context white, unchanging, mild or tardily acrid; lamellae equal, some forking next to the stipe, narrow at the inner ends, rounded at the outer: spores yellow. 21. Russula subvelutina Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 33: 215. 1906. Pileus fleshy, firm, convex or slightly depressed in the center, 5-11 cm. broad; surface dark-red or crimson, duil-carmine-lake to Indian-lake, sometimes darker in the center, dry, minutely pubescent or velvety, not noticeably so in the dried state except under a lens, cuticle adnate; margin even: context white, the taste sweet; lamellae white, becoming cream-yellow, the edges in the dried state grayish, sometimes forked next to the stipe, venose-connected, moderately close, adnate; stipe white, tinged more or less with red, equal or tapering down- ward, unpolished, stuffed or spongy within, 5-10 cm. long, 1-1.5 cm. thick: spores pale-yellow, subglobose, nearly smooth, 7-10 » in diameter. TYPE LOCALITY: St. Louis, Missouri. Hastirat: Woods. DISTRIBUTION: Vermont to North Carolina, and west to Missouri. 22. Russula Mariae Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 24:74. 1872. Pileus convex, becoming plane or depressed in the center, up to 7 cm. broad; surface vinous-purple to slate-violet when growing in the open, cream-colored to maize-yellow tinged more or less with slate-violet when in the shade or covered with leaves, dry, pruinose or minutely granular or tomentose; margin even, sometimes becoming slightly striate-tuberculate when mature, incurved to the stipe when young, then spreading: context white, becoming sticky where cut or handled, the taste mild, odor where broken or bruised faint but decided: lamellae Part 4, 1915] AGARICACEAE 211 white, then cream-colored, darker in drying, equal, some forking near the stipe, interveined, narrow at the inner ends, broad at the outer, rather close; stipe colored like the pileus or slightly paler, usually white at each end, sometimes entirely white, rarely greenish in drying, equal or tapering downward, solid to spongy, 2.5-5.5 cm. long, 0.6-2 cm. thick: spores pale- yellow, globose, echinulate, apiculate, 7-8.75 » in diameter. TYPE LOCALITY: New York. Hasrrat: In open deciduous woods or groves or by roadsides through woods. DistTRiBvution: Vermont to Alabama and Louisiana and west to Michigan. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. N, Y. State Mus. 75: pl. 85, f. 1-8; Mycologia 4: pl. 76, f. 2, 8. 23. Russula rubriochracea Murrill, Mycologia 4: 293. 1912. Pileus convex to plane or slightly depressed, reaching 6 cm. broad; surface red or purple with a bloom, darker in the center, dry, smooth; margin entire: context white, thin, the taste at first nutty, becoming distinctly but not violently acrid, the odor not characteristic; lamellae exactly ochraceous even in a very young stage, adnexed, plane, subdistant; stipe pale-rose- colored or lilac, tapering below, smooth, dry, glabrous, 4.5 cm. long, 1.3 cm. thick: spores ochraceous in mass, subglobose, roughly tuberculate, 8-11 « in diameter. TYPE LOCALITY: Bronx Park, New York City. Hapsirat: On the ground in oak woods. DisTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. ILLUSTRATION: Mycologia 4: pl. 76, f. 9. 24. Russula flavida Frost & Peck; Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 32: 32. 1880. Pileus fleshy, firm, convex, becoming nearly plane or centrally depressed, 3-7.5 cm. broad; surface chrome-yellow, sometimes cadmium-yellow or orange in the center, velvety-pruinose or mealy, especially on the margin, dry; margin even, sometimes fading: context white, taste mild; lamellae pure-white when fresh but dingy or clay-colored when old or dried, equal, entire for the most part, rather close and thick; stipe colored like the pileus or a little paler, sometimes brighter at the base, equal or slightly tapering upward, solid, becoming spongy within and sometimes hollow, 3.5—-7.5 cm. long, 0.8-1.6 cm. thick: spores yellowish, subglobose, echinulate, 6-7 X 7-8 yu. TYPE LOCALITY: Sandlake, New York. Hasirat: In grassy places among bushes or in woods. DIsTRIBUTION: Vermont and Connecticut south to Alabama and in Ohio. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 105: pl. 97, f. 1-6. 25. Russula Murrillii Burl. Mycologia 5: 310. 1913. Pileus convex, becoming plane then depressed, up to 5 cm. broad; surface violaceous or darker in the center or entirely darker, pruinose, becoming floccose-pruinose, evidently viscid when wet but soon dry; margin even: context white, thin, taste not noted; lamellae ochroleu- cous when fresh, becoming deeper yellow, equal, rarely forking next to the stipe, venose- connected, rounded at the outer ends, narrowly adnate at the inner, subdistant, rather broad; stipe chalk-white, unchanging in drying, nearly equal, firm, stuffed, then tending to become hollow, glabrous; spores pale-yellow, echinulate, some globose but many elliptic, 7 & 10 p. TYPE Locauity: Corvallis, Oregon. Hasirart: In fir forests with scattered specimens of oak, birch, willow, and maple. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. V. Atropurpureae. Pileus broad, with the pellicle separable on the margin, slightly viscid to plainly viscid when moist, variable in color, vinous-purple to brownish-purple intermingled with olive-green or lighter green, pruinose-velvety to glabrous; margin even, sometimes obscurely striate when old: context white, unchanging where wounded or becoming sordid- brown, and in any case yellowish to smoke-colored in drying, rather firm, mild or slightly and tardily acrid, with a disagreeable odor in drying; lamellae whitish or cream-colored, deeper colored with age, brown or smoke-colored in drying, sometimes changing to brownish where injured, mostly equal or with a few scattered short ones, some forking, but sometimes simple: spores yellow. 212 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VOLUME 9 26. Russula atropurpurea Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 41: 75. 1888. Russula squalida Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 116: 80. 1907. Pileus convex, becoming plane or centrally depressed, up to 14 cm. broad; surface varying in color from vinous-purple to old-olive-green and sordid-brown, pruinose-velvety to glabrous, viscid when wet, with the cuticle separable on the margin; margin even, sometimes slightly striate when old: context white, changing to sordid-brown or fuliginous where bruised, mild in taste, with a disagreeable odor in drying; lamellae white, becoming pale-yellow, then brown- ish where injured or in drying, usually dusted with the spores, equal or with a few scattered short ones, some forking near the stipe, acute at the inner ends, rounded at the outer; stipe white or pinkish, glabrous, staining brownish where bruised, spongy-firm, 6 em. long, 2-3 cm. thick: spores maize-yellow, echinulate, subglobose, 7 * 7—8.7 yu. TYPE LOCALITY: Saratoga County, New York. Hastrar: In coniferous or mixed woods. a DistRIBUTION: New England south to North Carolina and west to Michigan and Colorado. 27. Russula serissima Peck, Bull. N. VY. State Mus. 139: 44. 1910. Pileus fleshy, thin, fragile, convex, becoming nearly plane or centrally depressed, 5-7 cm. broad; surface variable in color, pale-olive-green or brownish-purple, sometimes spotted in the center, viscid when moist, with the cuticle separable on the margin, pruinose to glabrous; margin even or obscurely striate when old: context white or whitish, not changing to brown where wounded, but becoming smoke-colored in drying, mild or slightly and tardily acrid, with a strong, unpleasant odor in drying, the odor persisting for some time; lamellae cream- colored or buff, becoming smoky or dingy in drying, equal, seldom forking, narrow next to the stipe, rounded at the outer ends, adnexed, sometimes seceding, usually pruinose, thin, close, 4-8 mm. broad; stipe white, assuming a somewhat smoky hue in drying, equal or tapering upward, 4-7 cm. long, 0.8-2 cm. thick: spores buff-yellow, subglobose, echinulate, 7.6 X% 9.5 pe TYPE LOCALITY: Ellis, Massachusetts. Hasitat: Under fallen leaves in woods. DISTRIBUTION: Massachusetts. VI. Insignes. Pileus with the pellicle separable to the disk, slightly viscid when wet but appearing dry for the most part, minutely granular or squamulose or flocculose, white or some shade of yellow or pink; margin even; context white, not changing color, mild or acrid, without special odor; lamellae equal, some forking, adnate or adnexed to slightly decurrent: spores white. 28. Russula insignis Burlingham, sp. nov. Pileus convex to nearly plane or depressed, up to 8.2 cm. broad; surface cream-white in the outer portion, darker dull-yellow at the center, pruinose to glabrous on the disk, minutely granular from the disk to the extreme margin, with the pellicle separable only on the margin, if viscid, soon dry and unpolished; margin striatulate when mature, slow in expanding: context firm, white, mild and agreeable in taste; lamellae white, mostly equal, occasionally forked, rounded at the outer ends, adnexed, close, thin, broad; stipe scurfy or squamulose with yellow nearly to the apex, nearly white at the apex, entirely dark-dull-yellow at the base, attenuate upward, loosely stuffed, dry, up to 7.5 cm. long, 2.5 cm. thick: spores white, elliptic, echinulate, 6.5 X 8.5 yp. Typx collected in swampy mixed woods at Stow, Massachusetts, August 17, 1913, Simon Davis i-1913 (herb. Burlingham). DIstRIBUTION: Stow and Milton, Massachusetts. 29. Russula Ballouii Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 167: 31. 1913. Pileus thin, broadly convex, nearly plane or slightly depressed in the center, 2-5 cm. broad; surface yellow when moist, grayish-yellow when the moisture has escaped, the pale- brick-red cuticle cracking into minute scales everywhere except in the center, not viscid but Part 4, 1915] AGARICACEAE 2138 moist enough for leaves to adhere; margin at first inrolled: context white, peppery; lamellae white, becoming pale-yellow in drying, equal, a few forked half way from margin to stipe, adnate or subdecurrent, thin, narrow, close, becoming pruinose; stipe colored and adorned like the pileus, equal or slightly tapering downward, firm, 2-5 em. long, 8-10 mm. thick: spores white, subglobose, echinulate, 8-10 u in diameter. Type Locality: Bulls Head, Richmond County, New York. Hasitat: On the ground in wet soil, in mixed young woods; also in wet soil around decayed logs and stumps. DistrrsuTion: In the type locality and vicinity. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 167: pl. 9, f. 1-4. 30. Russula corallina Burlingham, sp. nov. Pileus convex, then depressed in the center with the margin arched, 4.5 cm. broad; surface pale-rosy-pink, unevenly colored, viscid when moist, soon dry and densely pruinose, the cuticle breaking up into granules, exposing the cream-white context beneath; margin even: context mild at first, becoming acrid; lamellae white, equal, rounded at the outer ends, narrow but slightly adnate behind and forking, close; stipe white faintly tinged with pink, tapering down- ward, becoming hollow: spores white, elliptic, slightly echinulate, 7 X 8.7 u. Type collected on sandy loam in mixed woods at Newfane, Vermont, August 9, 1910, Gertrude S. Burlingham 62-1910 (herb. Burlingham). DistRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 31. Russula blanda Burlingham, sp. nov. Pileus broadly convex, soon umbilicate, then expanding to plane and slightly depressed in the center, 3-4 cm. broad; surface very white except in the center, where there is a faint tinge of pink or yellow more noticeable with age, cuticle separable, slightly viscid when wet, minutely squamulose or granulose, especially on the disk; margin even: context pure-white, unchanging, mild in taste, without special odor; lamellae white, equal, some forking next to the stipe, slightly decurrent, rather close; stipe white, pruinose at the apex, spongy-firm, enlarged more or less next to the lamellae, 2-2.5 cm. long, 0.5-1 em. thick: spores white, nearly globose, nearly smooth, 6.5—8.2 » in diameter. Type collected under chestnut, ironwood, and dogwood trees by a road through the woods near Second Lake, at Cold Spring Harbor, Long Island, New York, July 23, 1912, Gertrude S. Burlingham 24-1912 (herb. Burlingham; extype herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DIstRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 32. Russula flocculosa Burlingham, sp. nov. Pileus convex, becoming plane and somewhat depressed, 9-11 cm. broad; surface light- gtayish-vinaceous or lilac, fading to white, appearing whitish on the margin when dried and light-isabelline to umber in the center, or entirely pallid with a faint-lilac tint, minutely floccose, with the pellicle separable for some distance toward the center; margin even: con- text white, moderately thick and firm, mild in taste; lamellae white, not changing, equal, a few forked, venose-connected, narrowed toward the stipe, subdistant, rather broad; stipe white, equal, terete, stuffed, glabrous, 6-9 cm. long, 2-3.5 cm. thick: spores white, subglobose, minutely echinulate, appearing nearly smooth, 5—7 » in diameter. Type collected on the ground in woods at West Elkton, Ohio, September 8, 1914, ZL. O. Overholts 2224 (herb. Burlingham). DISTRIBUTION: Ohio. VII. Pectinatae. Pileus firm to thin, with pellicle more or less separable; surface ochro- leucous to sniuff-brown and umber, viscid when wet, sometimes with mealy scales or pulveru- lence; margin usually deeply striate and tuberculate: context whitish, often with a pungent or disagreeable odor and disagreeable or acrid taste; lamellae mostly equal, some forking, narrowed toward the stipe: spores white or cream-white in mass. 33. Russula pectinata Fries, Epicr. Myc. 358. 1838. Pileus fleshy, broadly convex, becoming plane, then centrally depressed, up to 8 cm. broad; surface raw-umber to snuff-brown, paler on the margin, at times somewhat fuscous 214 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 in the center, slimy-viscid when wet, the pellicle not easily separable, glabrous; margin pectinate-sulcate half way to the disk, thin: context next to the pellicle tinged like the surface, unpleasant and slowly but decidedly acrid in taste, with a slight odor like R. foetens when fresh, the odor becoming more pungent in drying and persisting in dried specimens for some months; lamellae white, equal, mostly simple, venose-connected, narrowed toward the stipe, close; stipe white, rarely with a touch of umber at the base; often tapering downward, firm, becoming spongy within, 3.5-6 cm. long, 1-1.5 cm. thick: spores white, broadly elliptic, echinulate, 6-7 7-8 yu. TYPE Locality: Europe. Hazrat: In grassy places in deciduous woods of oak, chestnut, beech, and maple. . DistrRiButTiIon: New Vork west to Ohio, Missouri, and Washington and south to Mississippi; also - ee ee Britz. Hymen. Sudb. Russ. f. 50, 138; Cooke, Brit. Fungi pl. 1101; Gill. Champ. Fr. pl. 630; Lanzi, Funghi Mang. #1. 47, f. 3, a,b, c; Noulet & Dassier, Traité Champ. pl. 15, f. A, B; Pat. Tab. Fung. pl. 620; Richon & Roze, Atl. Champ. #1. 41, f. 9-12. Exsiccati: Sydow, Myc. Mar. 3312. 34. Russula foetens (Pers.) Fries, Epicr. Myce. 359. 1838. Agaricus foetens Pers. Obs. Myc. 102. 1796. Russula foetentula Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 116: 85. 1907. Pileus fleshy, firm, then fragile, subglobose, becoming plane to slightly depressed in the center, 7.5-12.5 cm. broad; surface honey-colored or dull-buff to reddish-brown, viscid when moist, pellicle separable part way to the disk, glabrous; margin widely striate-tuberculate or sulcate, thin and incurved at first: context whitish, except next to the cuticle, where it is yellowish, acrid to slowly acrid and unpleasant, the odor at first like bitter almonds, then fetid; lamellae white, becoming yellowish with age, reddish-brown where bruised, some short ones present, many forking next to the stipe and a few part way to the margin, interspaces venose,. exuding drops of water when young, rather close, broad, narrowed toward the stipe, adnexed; stipe whitish, becoming yellowish or umber where handled or with age, stuffed to hollow, equal, 4-8 cm. long, 1.2-2.5 cm. thick: spores whitish to cream-colored, subglobose, slightly echinulate, 7-8 X 9-10 u. ‘Type Locality: Europe. Hasirat: In mixed woods and bushy places. DIsTRIBUTION: Maine to Alabama and west to Ohio and Michigan; also in Europe. ILLusTRatIons: Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 292; Cooke, Brit. Fungi pl. 1046; Fries, Sv. Aet!. Svamp. pl. 40; Gill. Champ. Fr. pl. 179 (612); Hard, Mushrooms f. 147; Krombh. Abbild. #1. 70, f. 1-6; Mycologia 4: pl. 76, f. 7; Ricken, Blatterp. Deutschl. p1. 19, f. 4. Exsiccati: Herpell, Prap. Hutpilze 50. 35. Russula pectinatoides Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 116: 43. 1907. Piles thin, broadly convex, becoming nearly plane or centrally depressed, 2.5-7.5 cm. broad; surface chamois-colored to dingy-straw-colored or yellowish-brown to cinnamon- brown, darker in the center, viscid when moist, glabrous; margin widely tuberculate-striate: context grayish-white under the separable pellicle, otherwise white, mild or slightly and tardily acrid; lamellae white, becoming creamy, fulvous where bruised, mostly equal, some forking next to the stipe, adnate, thin; stipe white, discoloring yellowish-brown where bruised or in drying, glabrous, spongy within, 2.5-5 em. long, 5-10 mm. thick: spores whitish, subglobose, 6-8 uw in diameter. TyPE Locality: New York. Hasrirat: Grassy ground in groves and woods. DISTRIBUTION: Vermont to Michigan and south to Virginia and North Carolina. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 116: pl. 105, f. 6-10. 36. Russula granulata Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 53: 843. 1900. Pileus convex, becoming nearly plane or depressed in the center, 5-7.6 cm. broad; surface buff or chamois-colored to burnt-umber in the center, viscid when moist, sometimes obscurely squamulose, again prominently granular-squamulose, and sometimes rimose-squamose; mar- Part 4, 1915] AGARICACEAE 215 gin striate-tuberculate: context white or whitish, acrid or slowly acrid and unpleasant, the odor none when fresh; lamellae white, staining umber where bruised, mostly equal, many forking next to the stipe, narrow at the inner ends, adnate, close; stipe equal or abruptly contracted at the apex, sometimes tapering downward, white stained with yellowish-brown, especially at the base, becoming more discolored in drying, firm, spongy, 2-4 cm. long, 1.3-1.7 em. thick: spores white, creamy-white on white paper, globose, nearly smooth, 7 » in diameter. Type LOCALITY: Ulster County, New York. Hasirat: In woods, especially under spruce trees. DISTRIBUTION: Vermont west to the Pacific coast. ILLUSTRATIONS: Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 53: pl. C, f. 1-5. 37. Russula pulverulenta Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 29: 70. 1902. Pileus rather thin, convex, soon centrally depressed or subumbilicate, 3-8 em. broad; surface ochroleucous, then grayish-brown, pulverulent with pale-yellow, mealy scales or patches, viscid when wet, with separable pellicle; margin even at first, striate when mature: context white, the taste mild and somewhat disagyeeable, the odor somewhat fetid; lamellae white, equal, not infrequently forking next to the stipe, venose-connected, adnate, close; stipe white at the apex, elsewhere thickly beset with yellow dots or granules, subequal, spongy- stuffed, becoming hollow, 3-9 em. long, 0.8-2 cm. thick: spores white, globose, about 8 » in diameter. TYPE Locality: Michigan. Hasirat: In mixed woods. DISTRIBUTION: Vermont and Michigan. 38. Russula ventricosipes Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 29: 70. 1902. Pileus thin, broadly convex, nearly plane or slightly depressed in the center, 5-7 cm. broad; surface varying in color from tawny-yellow to pale-alutaceous, becoming umber in drying, glabrous, viscid when wet; margin inrolled and even, thin, striate: context white; lamellae white or whitish, becoming umber in drying, equal, forking next to the stipe, slightly - sinuate, adnate, narrow, close, thin; stipe whitish above, reddish toward the pointed base, ventricose, firm, solid or subspongy within, nearly glabrous, 5—7 cm. long, 2.5 cm. thick: spores broadly elliptic, nearly smooth, 6-8 » in diameter. TypPE Locatity: South Yarmouth, Massachusetts.: Hasrrat: Sandy soil under or near pine trees. DristRIsution: Known only from the type locality. VIII. Bifidae. Pileus rather firm, broad; pellicle separable on the margin only; surface green or reddish-purple variegated more or less with green, viscid when wet, glabrous or pruinose; margin even, thin: context white, unchanging, mild or acrid, without special odor; lamellae white, dichotomously forked, some short ones present, narrowed toward each end: spores white. 39. Russula bifida (Bull.) Schrét. Krypt.-Fl. Schles. 31: 549. 1889. Agaricus bifidus Bull. Herb. Fr. ol. 26. a Amanita furcata Lam. Encyc. 1: 106. 1783 Agaricus furcatus J. F. Gmel. Syst. Nat. 2: 1410. 1791. Russula furcata Fries, Epicr. Myc. 352. 1838. Pileus convex, becoming plane or concave, 5~10 cm. broad; surface een: not uniform in color, tinged with fulvous, yellow, umber, or black in the center, the pellicle separable on the margin only, smooth, frosted with a slight silkiness or appearing as though moldy or mealy; margin even, acute, inflexed: context white, mild or insipid and nauseous, sometimes bitter with age; lamellae white, equal, forking twice and sometimes three times, adnate to decurrent, subdistant, rather broad; stipe white, solid, even, spongy or hollow with age, tapering down- ward, 3-7 cm. long, 1-1.6 cm. thick: spores white, globose, echinulate, 7-8 » in diameter. TYPE LOCALITY: France. Hasrrat: In woods. DISTRIBUTION: New York; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Barla, Champ. Nice pl. 16, f. 1-9; Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 26; Cooke, Brit. Fungi pl. 1036; Richon & Roze, Atl. Champ. #1. 41, f. 1-3. 216 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [Volume 9 40. Russula variata Banning & Peck; Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 105: 41. 1906. Pileus fleshy, firm, convex, becoming centrally depressed or subinfundibuliform, up to 12 cm. broad; surface reddish-purple or brownish-purple, often variegated with green or wholly pea-green, viscid when wet, cuticle separable on the margin only, sometimes cracking and areolate toward the margin, glabrous; margin even, thin: context white, acrid or tardily acrid; lamellae white, some of them short, forking from one to three times, tapering at each end, thin, close, narrow; stipe white, equal or nearly so, solid or at length with one or more cavities, 3.5-7.5 cm. long, 1-2 cm. thick: spores white, subglobose, 7-10” in diameter. TyPE LocaLity: Baltimore, Maryland. Hanrrat: In either coniferous or deciduous woods. DIstRIBUTION: Eastern United States from Vermont to Virginia. Inuustrations: Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 105: pl. 101, 7. I-5, IX. Basifurcatae. Pileus firm, broad; pellicle separable on the margin only; surface white or whitish tinged with yellow or reddish-yellow, viscid when wet, glabrous; margin even: context white, unchanging, mild to bitterish or acrid; lamellae white at first, mostly equal, many forked at the base, narrowed toward the stipe: spores pale-yellow. 41. Russula basifurcata Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 38: 90. 1885, Pileus fleshy, firm, convex, umbilicate, becoming subinfundibuliform, 5—7.5 cm. broad, surface dingy-white, often tinged with yellow or reddish-yellow, slightly viscid when moist; the pellicle separable on the margin only, glabrous; margin even: context white, mild then bitterish; lamellae white, becoming yellowish, a few short ones intermingled, many forked at or near the base, narrowed toward the stipe, adnate or slightly emarginate, close; stipe white, firm, solid, becoming spongy within, 1.6-2.5 cm. long, 1-1.3 cm. thick: spores pale-yellow, elliptic, 7-8 » long. TYPE LocaLity: New York. Hasitat: Dry ground in woods and bushy places. DistTRisutIon: Maine and Vermont. 42. Russula albidula Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 25: 370. 1898. Pileus fleshy, convex to subplane, at length subinfundibuliform, 2.5-10 em. broad; surface white, becoming yellowish in drying, viscid with separable pellicle, glabrous; margin even: context white, firm, acrid; lamellae white, equal, sometimes forking next to the stipe, rather close, adnate or slightly decurrent; stipe white, equal, smooth, glabrous, solid, 2.5-6 cm. long, 8-20 mm. thick: spores pale-yellow, subglobose, marked with broken reticulations, 6—-7.5 X 7.5-10 p. TYPE LocaLity: Auburn, Alabama. Hasirtat: In pine, spruce, or oak woods. DIstTRIBUTION: Vermont to Alabama and west to Michigan. X. Heterophyllae. Pileus rather firm, broad; pellicle separable on the margin only; surface viscid when wet, glabrous; margin even or slightly striate: context white, unchanging, mild to acrid, without special odor; lamellae with many short ones of vatious lengths regularly intermingled, some forking: spores white or cream-white. 43. Russula heterophylla Fries, Epicr. Myc. 352. 1838. Agaricus heterophyllus Fries, Syst. Myc. 1:59. 1821. Pileus fleshy, firm, convex, then plane to depressed, up to 10 cm. broad; surface yellowish- olive-green to golden-bronze-green, viscid when wet, with thin, separable pellicle, glabrous smooth; margin incurved up to maturity, even or slightly and closely striate: coitert white, mild in taste; lamellae white, many short and varying in length, some forking or anastomoses near the stipe, many forking midway to the margin but not often forking twice, tapering at Part 4, 1915] AGARICACEAE 217 each end, narrow, close; stipe white, solid, firm, equal, 4 cm. long, 1.8 em. thick: spores pure- white, echinulate, 5-6 X 6-7 u. TYPE LocaLity: Sweden. HasitarT: In mixed woods of beech, hemlock, and other trees. DISTRIBUTION: Vermont; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Badham, Escul. Mushr. Engl. #1. 10, f. 3; Bernard, Champ. Roch. pl. 40, f. 2; rae Brit. Fungi pl. 1044, 1045; Gill. Champ. Fr. pl. 183 (620); Richon & Roze, Atl, Champ. l. 42, 44, Russula cyanoxantha (Schaeff.) Fries, Hymen. Eur. ed. 2. 446. 1874. Agaricus cyanoxanthus Schaeff. Fung. Bavar. 4: Ind.40. 1774. Pileus convex, becoming plane, then depressed or infundibuliform, up to 10 cm. broad; surface variable in color, from lilac or purplish to olive-green, usually becoming paler or yellow in the center, bluish on the margin, viscid when wet, with pellicle partly separable, glabrous; margin at length slightly striate: context firm, white, but colored like the surface next to the pellicle, mild in taste; lamellae white, shorter ones intermixed, some forking, rounded next to the stipe, broad, rather close; stipe white, spongy-stuffed, smooth, glabrous, 5-7.5 cm. long, 1-1.6 cm. thick: spores creamy-white, nearly globose, echinulate, 8 X 9 u. Type LocaLiry: Europe. Hasrrat: In deciduous or mixed woods. DISTRIBUTION: Vermont to North Carolina and west to Michigan; also in Europe. ILLustrations: Cooke, Brit. Fungi pl. 1076; Gill. Champ. Fr. 9l. 184 (605); Tucand: Champ. Fr. pl. 169; Ricken, Blatterp. Deutschl. pl. 16, f. 1. 45. Russula consobrina Fries, Epicr. Myc. 359. 1838. Pileus fleshy, convex, then expanded or depressed, up to 8 cm. broad; surface umber, olivaceous-fuscous, or gray, viscid when wet, glabrous; margin even, thin: context gray next to the pellicle, otherwise white, very acrid; lamellae white, many short and many forked, adnate, close; stipe white, becoming sordid or cinereous with age, firm, spongy-stuffed, 2.5~7.5 em. long, 0.8-2 em. thick: spores white, subglobose, 8-9 » in diameter. Type Locarity: Europe. Hasrrat: In coniferous woods. DISTRIBUTION: Otsego County, New York, and Tolland, Colorado; also in Europe. I_LustRations: Cooke, Brit. Fungi #/. 1055; F. Lorinser, Essb. Schwdmme #1. 11, f. 5; Richon & Roze, Atl. Champ. pl. 41, f. 16-18. 46. Russula Earlei Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 67: 24. 1903. Pileus fleshy, firm, hemispheric, becoming broadly convex or nearly plane, sometimes centrally depressed, 3.8-6.2 cm. broad; surface stramineous, becoming paler with age, very viscid, glabrous; margin even: context whitish or yellowish, the taste mild; lamellae whitish, becoming yellowish, a few short, adnate, distant, thick; stipe white, equal or nearly so, firm, solid, then spongy within, 2.5-3.7 cm. long, 0.6-1.2 cm. thick: spores white, subglobose, minutely roughened, 4-5 X 6~7 yu. Typk Locauity: Suffolk County, New York. Haszirat: Among fallen leaves in woods. DistriBution: New York, Pennsylvania, and Virginia. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 67: pl. N, f. 5-10. XI. Vinaceae. Pileus rather firm, broad; pellicle separable except on the disk; surface vinaceous to red, viscid when wet, glabrous; margin even, becoming more or less striate- tuberculate when mature: context white, unchanging, acrid, without special odor; lamellae equal or with a few short ones intermingled, forking at the inner ends: spores white. 47, Russula vinacea Burlingham, sp. nov. Pileus convex, then depressed in the center, up to 10cm. broad; surface vinaceous, becom- ing more or less maize-yellow on the disk, viscid when moist, with separable pellicle except on the disk, pruinose when young; margin arched for some time, becoming striate-tuberculate 218 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VOLUME 9 when mature: context rather firm, red next to the cuticle, otherwise white, acrid; lamellae white, then more or less rust-colored, especially where bruised, sometimes a few short ones intermixed, acute and forking at the inner ends, rounded and broad at the outer ends, inter- veined, rather close; stipe white or with a few rust-colored spots, equal, firm, then spongy, 4.5-6 cm. long, 1-2.5 cm. thick: spores white, elliptic, strongly echinulate, 7-8.7 X 8-104. Type collected in wet woods of oak and chestnut at Cold Spring Harbor, Long Island, New York, August 3, 1912, Gertrude S. Burlingham 85-1912 (herb. Burlingham). DisTR1BuTION: Long Island, Staten Island, and New Jersey. 48. Russula paxilloides Earle, Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 2: 341. 1902. Pileus fleshy, expanded, subdepressed, 5-9 cm. in diameter; surface white on the disk, more or less cinnabar-red toward the margin, somewhat viscid, glabrous; margin entire: context white, unchanging, very acrid; lamellae white or creamy-yellow, equal, anastomosing, subsinuate, broad, close; stipe white, equal, smooth, spongy-stuffed, 5-10 cm. long, 2.5-3 em. thick: spores white, subglobose, slightly echinulate, 7 X 9 u. TYPE LOCALITY: Palo Alto, California. Hasrrat: In beds of decaying oak leaves in woods. DistrRiBution: Known only from the type locality. 49. Russula Queletii Fries; Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 185. 1872. Agaricus ruber Fries, Syst. Myce. 1:58. 1821. Not A. ruber Schaeff. 1774. Russula rubra Fries, Epicr. Myc. 354. 1838. Pileus compact, convex, then plane, 2.5-8 cm. broad; surface Indian-lake or dark- violaceous, paler on the margin, viscid when wet, glabrous; margin slightly striate: context firm, red-purple next to the pellicle, otherwise white, acrid, without special odor; lamellae white, becoming yellowish with age or in drying, some shorter, some forking, sometimes with drops of water which in drying stain the surface bluish-gray; stipe violaceous-purple, pruinose, spongy within, 5 cm. long, up to 1.2 em. thick: spores white, subglobose, echinulate, 8-9 » in diameter. TYPE LOCALITY: France. Hasirat: On the ground in spruce or pine woods. DistTRIBUTION: Vermont and Washington; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Fries, Sv. Aetl. Svamp. #1. 49 (as R. rubra); Gill. Champ. Fr. pl. 633; Lucand, Champ. Fr. pl. 44; Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 1: pl. 24, f. 6. XII. Ochroleucae. Pileus somewhat fragile; pellicle not easily separable; surface yellow or white tinged with yellow, usually viscid when wet (dry in R. anomaia), glabrous; margin even, or becoming striate when mature: context white, unchanging, acrid, without special odor; lamellae equal, rarely forking: spores white. 50. Russula ochroleuca Pers. Obs. Myc. 1: 102. 1796. Pileus fleshy, becoming plane or depressed, 5-7 cm. broad; surface luteous, fading, with a thin, closely adnate pellicle, polished; margin even, remotely striate when old: context acrid; lamellae white, then pallid, nearly equal, rounded behind, free, broad; stipe white to cinereous, firm, spongy within, reticulate-rugose, 2-3 cm. long: spores white, ovate, papillate, 7 » in diameter. ‘Tyre LocaLity: Europe. Hasitat: In moist places in woods. DISTRIBUTION: Alabama; also in Europe ILLUSTRATIONS: Cooke, Brit. Fungi 9l. (049; Gill. Ch . Fr. pl. 626; pl. 7; Ricken, Blatterp. Deutschl. 1. 28 f. 7. Po ees Nae ae: meee 51. Russula Raoultii Quél. Assoc. Fr. Av. Sci. Compte Rendu 14?: 449. 1886. Pileus broadly convex, then plane or slightly centrally depressed, 3-6 cm. broad; surface straw-yellow or massicot-yellow, viscid, glabrous; margin even or at length very faintly striate: context pure-white, unchanging, somewhat tardily peppery; lamellae white, some short ones intermingled, rarely forking next to the stipe, interspaces slightly venose, narrow, 2-6 mm. Parr 4, 1915] AGARICACEAE 219 broad, acute at the inner ends, close; stipe white, not changing color, somewhat pruinose, tapering downward, stuffed, 3-4 cm. long, 1-2 cm. thick: spores white, globose, echinulate, 6-9 » in diameter. TYPE LOCALITY: France. Hasrtar: In sandy soil in mixed woods or coniferous forests. DisTRIBUTION: Tolland, Colorado; also in Europe. 52. Russula anomala Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 50: 99. 1897, Pileus fleshy, thin, nearly plane or slightly depressed in the center, 2.5-3.8 em. broad; surface white, sometimes tinged with yellow, dry, glabrous; margin striate, thin: context white, acrid; lamellae white, pruinose, equal or with an occasional short one, rather close, adnate; stipe white, equal, solid or spongy, 2.5-3.8 cm. long, 6-8 mm. thick: spores white, roughly and bluntly echinulate, 8-9 » in diameter. Tyres Locatity: Suffolk County, New York. Hapsitat: Damp ground under trees. DISTRIBUTION: New York. 53. Russula simillima Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 24: 75. 1872. Pileus convex, becoming plane or slightly depressed in the center, 2.5-7.5 cm. broad; surface pale-ochraceous, sometimes deeper colored in the center, viscid when young or moist, glabrous; margin striate when mature: context white, acrid; lamellae yellowish, nearly equal, some forked near the stipe, broader at the outer ends; stipe colored like the pileus or paler, equal or slightly tapering upward, spongy within, rarely hollow, 5~7.5 cm. long, 0.8-1.2 cm. thick: spores white, globose or nearly so, 8 » in diameter. Types LocaLity: Grieg, New York: Hasirar: On the ground in woods. DISTRIBUTION: New York, Vermont, and North Carolina. XIII. Veternosae. Pileus broad, with the pellicle separable half way to the center; surface red to violaceous, sometimes yellow on the disk, varying to entirely yellow, viscid when wet, glabrous; margin usually even at first, becoming faintly striate: context white, unchanging, acrid, without special odor; lamellae mostly equal, some forking: spores yellow. 54. Russula veternosa Fries, Epicr. Myc. 357. 1838. Pileus broadly convex, then plane to depressed, 5~8 cm. broad; surface old-blood-red, peach-red, rosy, or incarnate, soon fading to whitish or yellow on the disk, viscid when wet, polished, with the thin pellicle separable only on the margin; margin even or at length some- times faintly striate when mature: context white, acrid; lamellae white, then straw-colored, short ones present, adnate, narrow, broader at the outer ends; stipe white, equal, spongy, then hollow, smooth, fragile, 5 cm. long, up to 2 cm. thick: spores yellowish-buff, subglobose, echinulate, 8-9 » in diameter. ‘ TYPE LOCALITY: Sweden. Hasirat: In oak, beech, and maple woods. DISTRIBUTION: Vermont, New York, Michigan, and California; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bres. Funghi Mang. 1. 75; Cooke, Brit. Fungi pl. 1033, 1092; Ricken, Blatterp. Deutschl. pl. 19, f. 5. 55. Russula tenuipes C. H. Kauffman, Rep. Mich. Acad. Sci. 11: 81. 1909. Pileus convex to expanded, thin, 7-12 cm. broad; surface deep-rosy-red or blood-red, sometimes white-spotted or tinged with orange blotches, sometimes tuniform-red with or with- out minute rugae, viscid when wet, with the pellicle easily separable; margin at first connivent- striate: context red beneath the cuticle, otherwise white, very fragile at maturity, sometimes tardily but very acrid in taste, without special odor; lamellae white, then yellow-ochraceous, 220 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 9 equal, a few forked, venose-connected, adnexed to free, close; stipe white or rosy-tinted, sttbequal or veutricose, spongy-stuffed, obscurely rivulose, 5-9 cm. long, 2-2.5 cm. thick: spores yellow-ochraceous, subglobose, echinulate, 6-8 » in diameter. TYPE LOcALITy: Michigan. Hasitat: Frequent in mixed or oak and maple woods. DIstRIBUTION: Michigan. 56. Russula corinthiirubra Burlingham, sp. nov. Piles becoming plane or slightly depressed in the center, up to 9 cm. broad; surface Corinthian-red, fading, the center becoming tinged with maize-yellow, viscid, with the pellicle separable half way to the center, glabrous; margin becoming slightly striate-tuberculate: context tinged with red next to the pellicle, otherwise white, slowly acrid, without special odor; lamellae becoming yellow, equal, some forked next to the stipe, venose-connected, narrow at the inner ends, broad and ventricose toward the outer, rather thick, close; stipe white, firm, nearly equal, 4 cm. long, 1.7 em. thick: spores ochraceous, subglobose, echinulate, 7 X 8.7 u. Type collected in sandy soil under oak, pignut, and chestnut, at Cold Spring Harbor, Long Island, New York, August 2, 1912, Gerirude S. Burlingham 77-1912 (herb. Burlingham). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 57. Russula aurantialutea C. H. Kaufiman, Rep. Mich. Acad. Sci. 11: 81. 1909. Pileus convex, then plane to depressed in the center, thin, 5-12 cm. broad; surface honey- yellow to Naples-yellow in the center, coppery-orange toward the margin, viscid and shining when moist, pellicle separable, except on the disk, glabrous; margin even at first, becoming slightly striate-tubereulate: context yellowish next to the cuticle, otherwise white, unchanging, fragile, acrid, the odor not noticeable; lamellae becoming maize-yellow, dusted with the spores, mostly equal, many forking next to the stipe, venose-connected, acute at the inner ends, broad at the outer, rather close; stipe white, nearly equal, firm, then spongy-stuffed, glabrous, even, 4-10 cm. long, 1.5~2.5 cm. thick: spores ochraceous-yellow, subglobose, 8-9 u in diameter. TYPE LocaLity: Michigan. Hasirart: In leaf-mold in hemlock, mixed, or deciduous woods. DISTRIBUTION: Michigan and Vermont. 58. Russula borealis C. H. Kauffman, Rep. Mich. Acad. Sci. 11: 69. 1909. Pileus fleshy, firm, convex, then plane to slightly depressed, often with a sinus on one side, 5-9 cm. broad; surface Morocco-red, uniform or darker on the disk, not fading, hardly viscid, pellicle somewhat separable; margin even or obscurely striate: context white, red under the cuticle, not very thick, mild, sometimes slightly and tardily acrid, odor none; lamellae ochra- ceous, the edges often reddish anteriorly, equal, a few forked toward the stipe, moderately close, rather broad, broader at the outer ends, narrowly adnate, interspaces venose; stipe white, tinged with red in places, thickened below, firm, spongy-stuffed, 5-7 cm. long, 1.5-2 cm. thick: spores deep-ochraceous-yellow in mass, globose, finely echinulate, 7-8 « in diameter. TYPE LOCALITY: Michigan. Hasirat: In mixed woods of hemlock, spruce, yellow birch, and hard maple. DISTRIBUTION: Vermont and Michigan. 59. Russula atroviolacea Burlingham, sp. nov. Pileus convex, then plane and depressed in the center, 4-9 cm, broad; surface haematite- red or diamine-brown, uniformly colored or rarely lighter in the center, viscid when wet, with separable pellicle, glabrous; margin even: context fleshy, solid, not fragile but thin, purplish under the cuticle, otherwise white, tardily and slightly peppery; lamellae cream-colored, darker with age or in drying, mostly equal, branching somewhat next to the stipe, interspaces venose, rather close, adnate, 6-10 mm. broad; stipe equal or slightly larger below, white, not Part 4, 1915] AGARICACEAE 221 discolored, slightly pruinose to glabrous, solid, becoming hollow, at least at the base, 4-6 cm. long, 1.5-2 em. thick: spores ochraceous, globose, echinulate, 7-10 » in diameter. Type collected on the ground under willows at Boulder Park, Tolland, Colorado, 2775 m. elevation, July 14, 1914, L. O. Overholts 1909 (herb. Overholts; extype herb. Burlingham). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 60. Russula Robinsoniae Burlingham, sp. nov. Pileus convex, then plane, wp to 15 em. broad; surface vinous-purple but not uniformly colored, varying with dark-purple and some chamois-color and greenish intermingled, viscid when wet, with the pellicle separable, at least on the margin, glabrous; margin even: context rather thick, white, red next to the cuticle, bitter and peppery; lamellae white, turning yellow - very soon, a few short ones present, some forking next to the stipe, venose-connected, very narrow at the inner ends, rounded at the outer, subdistant, rather narrow; stipe stained more or less with rose-color or vinous-purple, bulbous at the base, spongy, 6-10 cm. long, 2.5 cm. thick: spores pale-yellow, echinulate, globose to subglobose, 7-8.5 w in diameter. Type collected on the ground under spruce trees at Yellowstone Lake, Wyoming, August 9, 1912, Winifred J. Robinson (herb. N. ¥. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 61. Russula expallens Gill. Tabl. Anal. 49. 1884. Piletis convex-conic, at length plane, 4.5-8 cm. broad; surface varying in color from vinous- purple with the center almost black to Indian-lake and dull-garnet, or even salmon-old-rose with age, sometimes fading to garnet-brown or umber with some greenish or yellowish-green, especially between the disk and the margin, viscid when wet, the pellicle separable on the margin, glabrous; margin even: context white or very slightly tinged with rose next to the cuticle, acrid, without special odor; lamellae white, then pale-yellow, equal or a few scattered short ones present, some forking next to the stipe, rounded at the outer ends, acute at the inner, close; stipe tinged like the pileus, usually white at the base, tapering upward, spongy, 3-7 cm. long, 1-2 em. thick; spores ochroleucous, ovoid, apiculate, minutely echinulate, -8 X 8-9 yp. TYPE LOCALITY: France. Hasitat: In spruce, fir, or mixed woods. DISTRIBUTION: Newfane, Vermont; also in Europe. InLustrations: Gill. Champ. Fr. pl. 195 (611).* XIV. Sanguineae. Pileus without the pellicle noticeably separable, rather firm; surface red, dry, glabrous; margin even: context white, unchanging, acrid; lamellae mostly equal, forked more or less: spores white to cream-white or very pale yellow. 62. Russula sanguinea (Bull.) Fries, Epicr. Myc. 351. 1838. Agaricus sanguineus Bull. Herb. Fr. #1. 42. 1780. Pileus convex, then expanding, and at length depressed in the center, 5-7.5 cm. broad; surface blood-red or becoming pale near the margin, glabrous; margin even, acute: context firm, white, cheesy, acrid; lamellae white, some short ones present, forked, at first adnate, then decurrent, close, narrow; stipe white or reddish, at first contracted at the apex, then equal, spongy-stuffed: spores cream-white, broadly elliptic to ovate, echinulate, 6-7 X 7-8.7 u. TYPE Locality: France. Hasrrat: On the ground in woods. DISTRIBUTION: North Carolina and Vermont; also in Europ ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 42; Gill. Champ. Fr. oF “180 (635); Lanzi, Funghi Mang. pl. 50, f. 2; Noulet & Dassier, Traité Champ. pl. 16, f. B; Ricken, Blatterp. Deutschl. 91. 19, f. 2. * Gillet doubtfully refers this species to R. drimeja Cooke, Grevillea 10: 46. 1881. Not having seen specimens of R. drimeja, however, I do not feel warranted in considering these two the same species. Peltereau, in Bull. Soc. Myc. Fr. 24: 111. 1908, gives reasons for consider- ing R. drimeja Cooke, R. expallens Gill., and R. Queletit Fries varieties of the same species. R. Gueletit is described as having white spores and so it occurs here. This would be sufficient for separating it from R. expallens, which has yellow spores. 222 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VOLUME 9 63. Russula mexicana Burl. Mycologia 3: 26. 1911. Pileus convex to depressed, 6 cm. broad; stirface pale-red, dry, with inseparable pellicle, smooth; margin striate: context white, 5 mm. thick at the center, promptly and decidedly acrid; lamellae white when young, becoming pale-yellow at maturity, equal, simple, adnate; stipe roseous, cylindric, glabrous, 4 cm. long, 2 cm. thick: spores pale-yellow, subglobose, echinulate, 7-8 » in diameter; cystidia numerous. Type LocaLity: Near Jalapa, Mexico. . Hapitat: On humus under the end of a log in rather open woods. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. XV. Palustres. Pileus with separable pellicle; surface viscid when wet, glabrous; margin striate when mature: context white, fragile, acrid, without special odor; lamellae equal, not forking: spores pale-yellow. 64. Russula palustris Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 53: 842. 1900. Pileus hemispheric, expanding and becoming nearly plane, 5-7.5 cm. broad; surface tinged with slate-violet or in the center vinous-purple surrounded by yellowish, viscid when moist, with separable pellicle, glabrous; margin slightly striate when mature: context white, tinged with reddish-buff under the cuticle, fragile, tardily acrid; lamellae whitish, becoming pale-yellow, equal, venose-connected, narrowed at the stipe, not forking unless close to the stipe, close; stipe white or tinged with slate-violet or yellowish, equal, spongy or hollow, glabrous, 2-7.5 cm. long, 0.7-1 em. thick: spores pale-yellow, subglobose, echinulate, 7.6— 8.5 X 8.5-11.5 uw. TYPE LOCALITY: St. Lawrence County, New York. Hasitat: Under alders in swamps. DistRIBUTION: Maine, New York, and Vermont. 65. Russula gracilis Burlingham, sp. nov. Pileus convex, becoming plane or at length slightly depressed in the center, up to 6 cm, broad; surface pale-lilac-rose to salmon-lilac, much darker in the center, sometimes gray- green or stone-color between the center and margin, fading, viscid when wet, with separable pellicle, glabrous; margin striate: context white, acrid, without special odor; lamellae white, then cream-colored, equal, entire, rounded at the outer ends, narrow behind, appearing slightly decurrent when mature, rather broad, close, pruinose; stipe white, rarely tinged with pink, tapering upward, spongy within, 5 cm. long, 0.8 to 2 cm. thick: spores pitchpin, globose to elliptic, echinulate, with vacuole, 7 X 7-9 n. ~ Type collected among weeds in maple, spruce, and willow woods bordering a stream at Stratton, Vermont, August, 1910, Gertrude S. Burlingham 212-1910 (herb. Burlingham; extype herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION :-“Known only from the type locality. XVI. Glaucae. Pileus with pellicle separable, some shade of green, viscid when wet, glabrous; margin even to slightly striate when mature: context white, unchanging, mild, without special odor; lamellae mostly equal, some forking near the stipe: spores pale-yellow. 66. Russula glauca Burlingham. Agaricus griseus Pers. Syn. Fung. 445. 1801. Not A. griseus Batsch, 1783. Russula grisea Fries, Epicr. Myc. 361. 1838. Russulina grisea Schrét. Krypt.-Fl. Schles. 31: 551. 1889. Pileus fleshy, firm, convex, then expanding, finally depressed in the center, up to 9 cm. broad; surface varying in color from glaucous to leaden-green or slate-green intermingled with a tinge of rosy-flesh to salmon-flesh or even maize-yellow, fading, viscid when wet, the pellicle separable half way to the center, having a pruinose bloom when young; margin even at first, at length faintly and finely striate on the very narrow edge: context tinged like the surface next to the cuticle, otherwise white, thin, mild in taste, without special odor ; lamellae white, Part 4, 1915] AGARICACKAE 223 becoming cream-colored to maize-yellow, mostly equal, some forking next to the stipe, rounded at the outer ends, narrow at the inner, close, thin; stipe white, firm, solid, equal or tapering upward, 4-5 cm. long, 1-1.5 cm. thick: spores pitchpin, elliptic, very finely echinulate, 5X 7m. TYPE LOCALITY: France. P Hasirat: In grass in thin woods of birch, maple, beech, spruce, or fir. DISTRIBUTION: Vermont; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bres. Funghi Mang. 71. 77; Gill. Champ. Fr. $1. 191 (616); Ricken, Blatterp. Deutschl. 1. 18, f. 1. 67. Russula subolivascens Burlingham. Agaricus olivascens Secr. Mycogr. Suisse 1: 493. 1833. Not A. olivascens Batsch, 1783. Russula olivascens Fries, Epicr. Myc. 361. 1838. Pileus convex to plane, umbilicate, 5-8 cm. broad; surface olivaceous, pale-olivaceous, or reseda-green, becoming yellow on the disk, without pinkish or reddish tints, somewhat viscid when moist, with pellicle separable on the margin, glabrous; margin even: context white, rather thick, mild in taste; lamellae white at first, then yellow, deep-yellow in drying, subequal, some forking next to the stipe, narrow behind, broad in front, adnate, crowdéd; stipe white, firm, spongy within, smooth, 4~-7 cm. long, 1.5-2 cm. thick: spores pitchpin, broadly elliptic, slightly pointed at on end, echinulate, 7 X 8.75 u. TYPE LocaLity: Europe. HasitaT: In leafy forests. DISTRIBUTION: Long Island, Vermont, and Wyoming; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Cooke, Brit. Fungi pl. 1035; Fries, Ic. Hymen. pl. 172; Ricken, Blatterp. Deutschl. pl. 18, f. 5. 68. Russula aeruginea Lindbl.; Fries, Monog. Hymen. Suec. 2: 198. 1863. Pileus fleshy, from convex to plane, slightly depressed in the center, 5-8 cm. broad; surface aerugineous-green, leaden-gray, or paler, the center sometimes.tinged with umber, viscid when wet, soon dry, dull and sometimes pruinose when dry; margin slightly striate-tuberculate, thin: context white, the taste mild; lamellae white, cream-colored in age or in drying, equal, sometimes forking next to the stipe, close to subdistant, narrow at the inner ends, rounded at the outer; stipe white, nearly equal, glabrous, firm, then spongy, 4-5 cm. long, 1-1.2 em. thick: spores whitish or tinged with cream-color, subglobose, echinulate, 7-8 u in diameter. TYPE LocALIty: Sweden. Hasitar: In coniferous or mixed woods. DiIstRIBUTION: New England to Michigan; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATION: Fries, Ic. Hymen. pl. 173, f. 3. 69. Russula graminicolor Quél. Fl. Myc. Fr. 347. 1888. Pileus convex, becoming a little concave as it expands, thin, up to 7 cm. broad; surface grass-green, russet-green with age, bistre in the center, viscid when wet, with separable pellicle, glabrous; margin striate and brighter colored: context white, fragile, mild, inodorous; lamellae cream-white, deeper colored with age or in drying, often joined at the base, adnate; stipe white, then sordid-yellowish-brown, glabrous, furrowed, firm, spongy: spores citrine or pitch- pin, ocellate, echinulate, elliptic, 7 X 8.7 u. TYPE LOCALITY: Europe. Hasirat: Under birch trees. DISTRIBUTION: Vermont; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATION: Ricken, Blatterp. Deutschl. fl. 16, f. 2. XVII. Fingibiles. Pileus with pellicle somewhat separable; surface yellowish or white mixed with yellow, viscid when wet, glabrous; margin becoming striate: context white, un- changing, mild, without special odor; lamellae equal, some forked next to the stipe: spores white. 224 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 70. Russula fingibilis Britz. Jahresb. Nat. Ver. Augsburg 28: 140. 1885. Pileus convex, then plane, becoming depressed in the center, of medium size; surface flavous, buff, or fawn, viscid when wet; glabrous; margin becoming striate-tuberculate: context white, mild, without odor; lamellae white, becoming cream-colored with age or in drying, equal, some forking next to the stipe, acute at the inner ends, close; stipe white, equal, firm, then spongy: spores white, subglobose, minutely echinulate, 6-8 X 8-10 pw. TYPE LOCALITY: Bavaria. Hapitat: Mixed woods. DISTRIBUTION: New Hampshire and Vermont; also in Europe. . . InLustrations: Britz. Hymen. Sudb. Russ. f. 32a, 32b; Cooke, Brit. Fungi #1. 1048. 71. Russula stricta Murrill, Mycologia 4: 166. 1912. Pileus firm, convex to expanded, becoming depressed in the center, 5 cm. or more broad; surface isabelline with testaceous and ochraceous hues, dry, viscid when wet, with pellicle partly separable, glabrous, smooth; margin striate, thin: context white, thin, firm, mild in taste, with pleasant odor; lamellae pale-cream-colored, a few forked, adnate, close, rather narrow; stipe milk-white, subequal, smooth, glabrous, polished, 5 cm. long, 1-1.5 cm. thick: spores white, subglobose, densely and roughly echinulate, 6-8 » in diameter. Type Locatity: New York Botanical Garden, New York. HasitarT: On the ground in thin oak woods. DIstRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. ILLUSTRATION: Mycologia 4: pl. 68, f. 6. 72. Russula albida Peck, Bull. N. VY. State Mus. 17: 10. 1888. Pileus fleshy, thin, convex, becoming nearly plane or slightly depressed in the center, 2.5-5 em. broad; surface white, often tinged with yellow in the center, slightly viscid when moist, glabrous; margin even or slightly striate, thin, sometimes upturned in age: context white, mild or slightly and tardily bitterish and unpleasant, edible; lamellae white or whitish, equal, entire, sometimes forked at the base, rather close, thin, adnate or subdecurrent, the interspaces often venose; stipe white, equal or slightly tapering upward, stuffed to hollow, glabrous, 3.5-7.5 cm. long, 6-12 mm. thick: spores white or with a faint yellowish tint, sub- globose, about 8 » in diameter. TYPE LOCALITY: Sandlake, New York. Hapsirat: Among fallen leaves in woods. DisTRIBUTION: New England to North Carolina and west to Michigan. ILLUSTRATION: Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 105: 1. 96, f. 1-7. XVIII. Luteae. Pileus with separable pellicle; surface yellow to isabelline, viscid when wet, glabrous; margin even or becoming only slightly striate when old: context white, un- changing, mild or at length slightly acrid, without special odor; lamellae equal, simple: spores yellow. 73. Russula lutea (Huds.) Fries, Epicr. Myc. 363. 1838. Agaricus luteus Huds. Fl. Angl. ed. 2.611. 1778. Russulina lutea Schrét. Krypt.-Fl. Schles. 31: 552. 1889, Pileus plane, slightly depressed in the center, 3-6 cm. broad; surface luteous, fading, viscid, with separable pellicle, glabrous; margin even or slightly striate with age: context white, mild, without special odor; lamellae becoming egg-yellow, equal, venose-connected, narrow, especially at the inner ends, close; stipe white, unchanging, spongy-stuffed, then hollow, fragile, 3-5 cm. long, 4-10 mm. thick: spores yellow, globose, echinulate, 8-10 in diameter. TYPE LOCALITY: Europe. Hasrtat: Beech woods. Us tiantee eta ie pec ireeds to Michigan; also in Europe. LLUSTRATIONS: Bres, Funghi Mang. pl. 79; Cooke, Brit. Fungi pl. 1082; Gill. Ch F pl. 622; Lucand, Champ. Fr. pl. 66; Ricken, Blatterp. D . i aa ExsiccaTi: Sydow, Myc. Mar. 1501. ate a Part 4, 1915] AGARICACEAE 225 74. Russula flaviceps Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 53: 843. 1900. Pileus convex, then expanding and slightly depressed in the center, 5-10 cm. broad; surface amber-yellow to golden-yellow, viscid, with separable pellicle, glabrous; margin even when young, faintly striate when old: context white, mild or slightly acrid; lamellae white, soon becoming Naples-yellow and dusted with the spores, equal, simple, adnate or slightly rounded next to the stipe, broader at the outer ends, rather narrow, close; stipe white, equal or nearly so, stuffed or spongy within, 4-6.5 em. long, 8-12 mm. thick: spores maize-yellow to pitchpin, subglobose, about 8 # in diameter. ‘Tver Locautry: Sullivan County, New York. Hasirat: In deciduous woods. DISTRIBUTION: New York, Vermont, and the Pacific coast. 75. Russula sulcatipes Murrill, Mycologia 4: 291. 1912. Pileus convex to plane or depressed, reaching 7 cm. broad; surface pale-avellaneous- isabelline, dry, pruinose, smooth; margin slightly striate, becoming more conspicuously so on drying: context white, very thin, very firm, mild and nutty to the taste, the odor not char- acteristic; lamellae white, becoming cream-colored or somewhat darker on drying, adnate, plane, subdistant; stipe milk-white, equal or slightly larger below, with rather conspicuous longitudinal raised lines, glabrous, solid, 5 cm. long, 1.3 em. thick: spores hyaline under the microscope, globose, roughly tuberculate, 7-9 » in diameter. TYPE LOCALITY: Bronx Park, New York City. Hasrirat: In oak woods. DistrisuTion: Known only ee hae type locality. ILLUSTRATION: Mycologia 4: pl. 76, f. 4. XIX. Decolorantes. Pileus with the pellicle partly sepaftable; surface red, orange, or yellow, viscid when wet, glabrous; margin striate with age: context white, becoming gray to black where britised or in ‘drying, mild in taste, without special odor; lamellae equal, some forking near the stipe: spores white or yellow. 76. Russula decolorans Fries, Epicr. Myc. 361. 1838. Agaricus decolorans Fries, Syst. Myc. 1:56, 1821. Russulina decolorans Schrét. Krypt.-Fl. Schies. 31: 551. 1889. Pileus globose, becoming plane with the center slightly depressed, up to 10 em. broad; surface varying from light-red to coppery-orange, bronzy-old-rose, or salmon, the center often ocher, fading, viscid when moist, pellicle partly separable, glabrous; margin even, becoming striate with age: context white, becoming cinereous with age or where injured, firm, becoming fragile with age, the taste mild; lamellae white, becoming maize-yellow, somewhat gray in drying, equal, some forking next to the stipe, venose-connected, acute at the inner ends and broad at the outer, rather broad, close; stipe white, becoming cinereous, nearly equal, firm, becoming spongy, 6-9 cm. long, 1.5--3 cm. thick: spores pitchpin, subglobose, coarsely echinu- late, 8.5-9 X 10.5 yw. TYPE LocaLity: Sweden. Hasirat: In coniferous or mixed woods. DistRIBuTIon: New England to Long Island and west to Michigan; also in Europe. ILnustTrations: Cooke, Brit. Fungi pl. 1079; Ricken, Blatterp. Deutschl. pl. 17, Ff. 5. 77. Russula obscura Romell, Oefv. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Férh. 48: 179. 1891. Russula vinose Lindbl. Svampbok 67. 1901. Pilews convex, then plane to centrally depressed, usually up to 7 cm. broad, rarely much larger; surface dull-dark-red, often blackish in the center, viscid when wet, slightly pruinose when dry; margin even, slightly striate with age; context white, becoming ashy-gray with age or where bruised, mild in taste; lamellae white, then pale-yellow, equal, some forking next to the stipe, venose-connected, abruptly narrowed or rounded behind and slightly adnexed, close, rather broad; stipe white, sometimes tinged with red, becoming gray or blackish with 226 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 9 age or where bruised, mostly equal, firm but spongy within, 4-6 cm. long, 1-1.5 cm. thick: spores ochroleucous, elliptic, finely echinulate, 7 X 8.7 u. TYPE LOCALITY: Sweden. Hasrrat: Usually in coniferous woods. DISTRIBUTION: New England States, New York, Mississippi, and Washington; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATION: Mycologia 4: pl. 76, f. 5 78. Russula rubescens Beardslee, Mycologia 6: 91. 1914. Pileus convex, then expanded and depressed, 5-8 cm. broad; surface red, paler on the margin, fading with age, viscid when wet; margin thin, striate: context mild in taste; lamellae white, forked, especially at the base, adnate, close; stipe white, becoming cinereous without and within with age, often blackening with age or in drying, quickly becoming red and finally black when wounded, stuffed, becoming hollow: spores pale-yellow, subglobose, roughly echinulate, 7-9 » in diameter; cystidia numerous, large, 50-65 X 10-12 u. TYPE Loca.ity: Asheville, North Carolina. DistrR1sutTion: Known only from the type locality. ILLUSTRATION: Mycologia 6: pl. 121, f. 1. 79. Russula nigrescentipes Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 33: 214. 1906. Pileus convex, becoming nearly plane or centrally depressed, 3-5 cm. broad; surface bright-red, viscid when moist, glabrous; margin striate: context white, the taste mild; lamellae white, equal, narrowed next to the stipe and united, nearly free, much broader in front, close; stipe white, slightly tinged with red at the base, becoming blackish where handled or bruised, equal, glabrous, tough and elastic, 3-5 em. long, 6-8 mm. thick: spores white, globose to subglobose, very finely echinulate, 6-8 uv in diameter. TYPE Locality: St. Louis, Missouri. Hasirat: In woods. . . DISTRIBUTION: Vermont to Ohio and Missouri. 80. Russula subdepallens Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 23: 412. 1896. Pileus fleshy, convex, then expanded or depressed in the center, often irregular, 8-16 em. broad; surface blood-red or purple-red with scattered luteous spots, then paler or subwhite, viscid; margin striate to striate-tuberculate with age: context fragile, white, grayish with age, mild in taste; lamellae white or whitish, venose-connected, subdistant, broad, adnate; stipe white, solid, spongy within, 4-8 cm. long, 1.5-2.3 cm. thick: spores white, globose, 8 w in diameter. TyPk LOCALITY: Trexeltown, Pennsylvania. Hasrrat: On the ground under hickory, oak, or chestnut. DISTRIBUTION: Vermont, Pennsylvania, Massachusetts, and Michigan. 81. Russula flava Romell, Nord. Svampb. 27. 1899. Pileus fleshy, broadly convex, becoming plane or slightly depressed in the center, 5-8 em. broad; surface flavous or golden-yellow, sometimes discolored with age, viscid when wet, glabrous; margin even to slightly striate when mature: context white, becoming gray with age and in drying, the taste mild; lamellae white, becoming pale-yellow, then gray with age, equal, not forking, adnexed, close, broader at the outer ends; stipe white, becoming more or less gray with age or in drying, nearly equal, obscurely reticulate-rivulose, spongy, 5-8 cm. long, 1-2 cm, thick: spores pale-yellow, globose, echinulate, 8-9 » in diameter. TYPE LOCALITY: Sweden. Hasitat: In mixed woods of fir, spruce, beech, and maple. DISTRIBUTION: New England west to Michigan; also in Europe. XX. Betulinae. Pileus rather broad, with the pellicle separable on the margin at least; surface some shade of salmon, rosy, or vinaceous, viscid when wet, glabrous; margin even at first, sometimes striate when old: context white, unchanging, mild, without special odor (one species is bitter and has a fetid odor); lamellae mostly equal, some forking at the stipe: spores ochraceous. Parr 4, 1915] AGARICACEAE 227 82. Russula betulina Burlingham, sp. nov. Pileus convex-umbilicate, then plane to depressed, 6-9 cm. broad; surface yellowish- salmon to reddish-salmon, salmon-flesh, or Etruscan-red, usually paler in the center, becoming deeper colored with age, viscid when moist, glabrous; margin even at first, then striate- tuberculate: context colored like the surface next to the cuticle, otherwise white, rather firm, taste mild, odor none; lamellae white, then maize-yellow, mostly equal, forking near the stipe, acute at the inner ends and rounded at the outer, close; stipe white, nearly equal, firm, stuffed, becoming spongy, glabrous, 3.5-7 cm. long, 1-2 em. thick: spores ochraceous, broadly elliptic, echinulate, 8.7 < 12.2 u or smaller. Type collected in rather sandy, black, vegetable soil in a moist place under yellow birch at Newfane, Vermont, July 5, 1911, Gertrude S. Burlingham 28-1911 (herb. Burlingham). DISTRIBUTION: Vermont and Colorado. 83. Russula luteobasis Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 179. 1904. Pileus convex, then nearly plane, 2.5-8 cm. broad; surface rosy or red, then all paler, yellowish in the center, viscid when wet, cuticle separable, glabrous; margin even, indistinctly striate when old; context white or whitish, the taste mild; lamellae white to cream-yellow or pale-ochraceous when old or in drying, equal, not forking, except near the stipe, adnexed to adnate, rather close, broad; stipe white, yellow to orange-yellow at the base, subequal, stuffed, 2.5¢7 cm. long, 0.4-2 em. thick: spores yellow-ochraceous, subglobose, minutely roughened, 7-8 » in diameter. TYPE LOCALITY: St. Louis, Missouri. Hasrrat: On the ground in woods. DIsTRIBUTION: Ohio and Missouri. 84. Russula roseipes (Secr.) Bres. Fungi Trid. 1: 37. 1883. Agaricus alutaceus roseipes Secr. Mycogr. Suisse 1: 478. 1833. Pileus fleshy, from convex to plane or depressed, 4-7 cm. broad; surface rosy-incarnate, rosy-orange, or rosy-subochraceous, with white or pale spots, fading with age, viscid when wet, soon dry and then more or less pruinose; margin striate-tuberculate when mature: context white or yellowish, mild, odor agreeable; lamellae white to ochraceous, equal, some forked, venose-connected, adnexed to free, subdistant; stipe white, here and there rosy-sprinkled, stuffed, then hollow, 3-6 cm. long, 0.8-1.5 cm. thick: spores ochraceous, globose, echinulate, 8-10 » in diameter. Type Locality: Italy. Hasirat: In coniferous or mixed woods. DISTRIBUTION: Vermont to Michigan; also in Europe. ; Para ia Bres. Fungi Trid. pl. 40; Hard, Mushrooms f. 151; Mem. N.Y. State Mus. 3: pl. 34, f. I-7, 85. Russula subalutacea Burlingham, sp. nov. Pileus fleshy, firm, convex, then becoming plane, 6-11 cm. broad; surface Pompeian-red, light-Corinthain-red, livid-brown to deep-livid-brown, vinaceous-purple, or dull-Indian-purple, fading more or less at the center or on the margin, sometimes to whitish, viscid when wet, soon dry, with the pellicle separable on the margin, the cuticle rarely cracking near the center, glabrous; margin always even, inrolled for some time: context pink next to the cuticle, other- wise white or grayish-white, mild, without special odor; lamellae white, then cream-colored and finally ochraceous, equal, some forking near the stipe or part way to the margin, venose- connected, rounded at the outer ends, narrowed and adnexed behind, close, 7~12 mm. broad; stipe white or marked with pinkish, equal or tapering downward, solid, very firm, pruinose when young, 4-6 cm. long, 1.5-3 cm. thick: spores ochraceous, globose to subglobose, echinu- late, 8.5 K 10 yu. Type collected on the ground in mixed woods at Tolland, Colorado, 2775 m. elevation, August 3, 1914, L. O. Overholis 2093 (herb. Overholts; extype herb. Burlingham). DistRiBurion: In various places around Tolland, Colorado. 86. Russula astringens Burlingham, sp. nov. "" Pileus broadly convex, then plane or a little depressed in the center, 9-11 cm. broad; surface blood-red-brown to red-brown, darker in the center, viscid when wet, with the pellicle 228 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VOLUME 9 separable on the margin, glabrous; margin even: context tinged like the surface next to the cuticle, otherwise white, firm, mild when young, bitter and more or less astringent when mature, not acrid at any time, odor somewhat fetid, more disagreeable in drying and persisting for a long time; lamellae white, then pale-yellow, equal or rarely with a few short ones, some forking near the stipe, sometimes midway to the margin or near the margin, broad at the outer ends, acute at the inner and slightly sinuate or depressed next to the stipe, close; stipe white or sometimes tinged with pink, solid, 3.5-5 cm. long, 1.5-3 cm. thick: spores maize- yellow, elliptic, echinulate, 5-6 X 7-8 pz. Type collected in sandy loam by the roadside at Buck Hill, Townshend, Vermont, August 30, 1912, Gertrude S. Burlingham 365-1912 (herb. Burlingham). DISTRIBUTION: Townshend and Newfane, Vermont. XXI. Ochrophyllae. Pileus with pellicle not easily separable; surface red, dry, glabrous; margin even for the most part: context firm, white, unchanging, mild, without special odor; lamellae yellowish, becoming ochraceous, equal, a few forking next to the stipe: spores ochra- ceous. 87. Russula ochrophylla Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 50: 100. 1897. Pileus fleshy, firm, convex, becoming nearly plane or slightly depressed in the center, 5-10 em. broad; surface purple or dark-purplish-red, dry, the cuticle not easily separable, un- polished, glabrous; margin even, rarely very slightly striate when old: context white, purplish under the adnate cuticle, mild, edible; lamellae at first yellowish, becoming bright-ochraceous- buff when mature, pruinose, equal, a few forked at the stipe, venose-connected, subdistant, adnate; stipe reddish or rose-tinted, paler than the pileus, white in one variety, solid, spongy within, equal or nearly so, 3.5-6.5 cm. long, 1-2 cm. thick: spores bright-ochraceous-buff, globose, verructulose, 10 u in diameter. Tyre LocaLIty: New York State. Hasrrat: Under oak trees. DISTRIBUTION: Vermont west to Ohio and Missouri, and south to the District of Columbia. ILLUSTRATIONS: Mem. N. Y. State Mus. 3: p1. 54, f. 8-14. XXII. Integrae. Pileus with separable pellicle; surface some shade of red, viscid when wet, glabrous; margin becoming striate-tuberculate: context white, unchanging, mild, with- out special odor; lamellae equal, simple or rarely with a few scattered forking ones: spores pale yellow. 88. Russula integra (L.) Fries, Epicr. Myc. 360. 1838. Agaricus integer L,. Sp. P1. 1171. 1753. ; Russulina integra Schrét. Krypt.-Fl. Schles. 31: 550. 1889. Pileus fleshy, becoming expanded and depressed in the center, up to 10 cm. broad; surface varying in color from dark-dull-red to reddish-brown or more or less sordid-buff, fading, viscid when wet, with separable pellicle, glabrous; margin thin, at length coarsely tuberculate- striate: context white, mild; lamellae from white to yellow-pulverulent, equal, nearly free, distant, broad; stipe white at first, clavate, then subequal, spongy-stuffed, rather short: spores pale-yellow, globose, echinulate, 7—9 » in diameter. TYPE LOCALITY: Sweden. Hapitat: In woods. Pee ES oo rae Connecticut; also in Europe. LLUSTRATIONS: Cooke, Brit. Fungi $1. 1099; Gill. Champ. Fr. pl. 193 (618): i, Funghi ‘ bl. 47, f. 1; Lucand, Champ. Fr. pl. 97; Schaeff. Fung. Bavar. pl. 03 (as Se ite pgs 89, Russula melliolens Quél. Assoc. Fr. Av. Sci. Compte Rendu 26: 449. 1898. _Pileus convex, then plane and frequently depressed in the center, rather large; surface variable in color, red, red-orange, incarnate or salmon, bay to bay-purple, or gray-violet, some- times with green intermixed, viscid when wet, glabrous; margin blunt, usually striate with age and sometimes sulcate: context white or rosy next to the cuticle, mild in taste, with a Parvt 4, 1915] AGARICACEAE 229 farinaceous odor noticeable when drying; lamellae white or cream-white, changing to brownish- ochraceous with age, equal, rarely forking, sometimes connected, rounded and broad in front, narrowed behind, free or subfree; stipe white, rarely rose-colored, pulverulent when young: spores cream-colored, subglobose, nearly smooth, but under high magnification appearing tuberculate and reticulate. TYPE LOCALITY: France. Hasitat: On the ground in woods. DISTRIBUTION: Asheville, North Carolina; also in Europe i‘ Pe aa Assoc. Fr. Av. Sci. Compte Rendu 267: Fs 3, f. 630; Bull. Soc. Myc. Fr. 26: p 90. Russula fulvescens Burlingham, sp. nov. Pileus fleshy, convex, then a little depressed in the center, up to 8 cm. broad; surface varying from apricot-color on the margin to more yellowish and darker in the center, becoming fulvous in drying, viscid when moist, with the pellicle separable nearly to the center, glabrous, smooth and somewhat polished; margin even, then slightly striate-tuberculate on the extreme edge: context tinged like the surface next to the pellicle, otherwise white, mild, without notice- able odor; lamellae white, then cream-colored, deeper yellow in drying, mostly equal, some forking next to the stipe, abruptly narrowed at the inner ends, venose-connected, up to 1 cm. broad, close; stipe white or very slightly sordid on one side, glabrous, subequal, spongy within, 4-6'cm. long, 1.5-2.5 cm. thick: spores pale-yellow, mostly elliptic, obliquely apiculate, strongly echinulate, usually with a vacuole, 7-8.7 X 9-12 np. Type collected in spruce and balsam fir woods at Stratton, Vermont, August 12, 1911, Gertrude S. Burlingham 129-1911 (herb. Burlingham). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 91. Russula rubrotincta (Peck) Burlingham, sp. nov. Russula integra rubrotincta Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 54: 164. 1901. Pileus fleshy, convex, then spreading and somewhat depressed in the center, up to 13 cm. broad; surface Morocco-red, varying to Dragon’s blood and Mars-orange, often apricot-yellow in the center, viscid when wet, polished when dry, the cuticle separable on the margin, gla- brous; margin incurved at first, even, then somewhat striate-tuberculate when mature, thin: context reddish next to the cuticle, otherwise white, firm, becoming fragile, the taste mild and sweetish; lamellae white at first, becoming pale-yellow, the edges sometimes red, mostly equal, many forking next to the stipe, venose-connected, acute at the inner ends, rounded at the outer ends, close, broad; stipe tinged more or less with red, sometimes nearly white, equal or tapering upward, firm, then spongy, 5-9 em. long, 1.5-2.5 cm. thick: spores pale-yellow, elliptic, strongly echinulate, 8-9 X 16.5-12 u. TYPE LocaLity: New York. Hasirat: In moist woods of spruce, fir, hemlock, maple, and yellow birch. DristRispurion: New England and New York. 92. Russula maxima Burlingham, sp. nov. Pileus convex to expanded, depressed in the center when mature, up to 22 cm. broad: surface smooth, viscid when wet, with pellicle separable in part, dark-purple, almost black on the disk, glabrous; margin even: context white, mild, without special odor; lamellae white, becoming pale-yellow, sinuate, close, broad, densely pruinose; stipe rose-colored, equal, solid, 10 cm. long, 2.5-3 cm. thick: spores cream-colored in mass, broadly elliptic, echinulate, 7-8.5 8.7-10.5 pn, Type collected on the ground under evergreen and deciduous trees at Tacoma, Washington, October 26, 1911, W. A. Murrill 721 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DrstTRIBUTION: Washington. 93. Russula pusilla Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 50: 99. 1897. Pileus very thin, nearly plane or slightly umbilicate in the center, 2-4 cm. broad; sur- face red, sometimes darker in the center, viscid when wet, with separable cuticle, glabrous; margin slightly striate: context white, mild, edible; lamellae white, becoming yellowish- 230 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VorumME 9 ochraceous with age or in drying, equal, not forking, adnate or slightly rounded behind, sub- _ ventricose, subdistant, broad; stipe white, solid or spongy within, 1.7-2.5 cm. long, 4-6 mm. thick: spores yellowish, globose, slightly echinulate, 7 X 8.5 u. TYPE LOCALITY: Suffolk County, New York. Hasitat: Naked ground under pines in woods. Distrrsution: New York, New Jersey, and Missouri. ILLustTRATIONS: Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 122: pl. 110, f. 7-14. 94, Russula puellaris Fries, Epicr. Myc. 363. 1838. Russulina puellaris Schrét. Krypt.-Fl. Schles. 3!: 551. 1889. Pileus thin, convex, becoming plane or slightly depressed in the center, 2-4 cm. broad; surface slate-violet to livid-umber, sometimes yellowish, the center darker livid or brown, deep-purple in a variety with center almost black, viscid when wet, with separable pellicle, glabrous; margin striate-tuberculate: context tinged like the surface next to the pellicle, other- wise white, mild, without special odor; lamellae white, becoming pale-yellow, equal, narrowed toward the stipe, adnate, close; stipe white or with yellowish stains, especially when old, fragile, stuffed, becoming hollow, 2-4 cm. long, 0.8-1 em. thick, tapering upward; spores pale-yellow, subglobose, echinulate, 6-8 yw in diameter, TYPE LOcALITy: Europe. Haxrrat: On the ground in moist places in mixed or coniferous woods. DIsTRIBUTION: From Maine and Connecticut west to Ohio; also in Europe. Iniustrations: Bres. Fungi Trid. gl. 64; Cooke, Brit. Fungi #1. 1065; Ricken, Blatterp. Deutschl. pl. 17, f. 2. 95. Russula humidicola Burlingham, sp. nov. Pileus broadly convex, soon becoming depressed in the center, up to 6 cm. broad; surface varying in color from salmon, reddish-salmon, and yellowish-salmon, to Morocco-red in the center, sometimes fading, viscid, with pellicle separable except on the disk, glabrous; margin drooping, soon ttuberculate-striate: context thin, white, fragile, mild, without characteristic odor; lamellae white, becoming cream-colored, equal, rarely forking next to the stipe, inter- veined, acute, narrow and nearly free at the inner ends, broad and rounded at the outer, close, thin, pruinose; stipe white, nearly equal, spongy, then hollow, 3-5 cm. long, 5-10 mm. thick: spores maize-yellow, globose to elliptic, 5-6 X 7 u. Type collected under oak trees and various shrubs in thoroughly moist soil at Cold Spring aaa Long Island, New York, July 23, 1912, Gertrude S. Burlingham 20-1912 (herb. N. Y. Bot. ard.). DistRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 96. Russula sphagnophila C. H. Kauffman, Rep. Mich. Acad. Sci. 11: 86. 1909. Pileus convex, umbonate, at length depressed in the center, up to 4.5 em. broad; surface purplish-red or rosy-red on the disk surrounded with olive-brown, pale-olive-brown on the margin, viscid when wet, glabrous; margin slightly striate: context red next to the surface, otherwise white, mild, without special odor; lamellae white, then pale-ochraceous, forked here and there, narrowed toward both ends, adnate-decurrent, narrow, rather close; stipe rose- colored, usually ventricose, spongy-stuffed, then hollow, rivulose, uneven, very fragile, 4-5 cm. long, 0.7-1.2 cm. thick: spores cream-colored, globose, echinulate, 6-7 » in diameter. TypE LocaLiry: Cold Spring Harbor, Long Island, New York. Hasirat: On sphagnum in swamps. DIsTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 97. Russula Blackfordae Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 139: 43. 1910. Pileus fleshy, thin, broadly convex or nearly plane, about 2.5 cm. broad; surface whitish or pale-gray on the margin and brown in the center, viscid when moist, the pellicle separable; margin striate: context white, taste mild; lamellae pale-yellow or cream-colored, equal, not Part 4, 1915] AGARICACEAE 231 forking, adnate, thin, close, narrow; stipe white, equal, glabrous, stuffed to hollow, 2.5 cm. long, 4-6 mm. thick: spores pale-yellow, globose, slightly echinulate, 8-9 » in diameter. TYPE LOCALITY: Ellis, Massachusetts. DISTRIBUTION: Massachusetts and Vermont. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 139: ol. Z, f. 9-13. XXIII. Alutaceae. Pileus with separable pellicle; surface viscid when wet, some shade of red but variable in color; margin becoming striate: context white, unchanging, mild; lamellae yellowish at first, becoming deep-yellow, equal, not forking: spores ochraceous. 98. Russula alutacea (Pers.) Fries, Epicr. Myc. 362. 1838. Agaricus alutaceus Pers. Syn. Fung. 441. 1801. Russulina alutacea Schrét. Krypt.-Fl. Schles. 31: 552. 1889. Pileus fleshy, convex, expanding and becoming subumbilicate, 8-15 cm. broad; surface dull-red or dark-reddish-purple, fading especially on the disk, greenish shades often appearing with the fading, the pellicle separable, viscid when wet, glabrous; margin even at first, some- what striate-tuberculate with age: context white, rather firm, mild, without special odor; lamellae pale-yellow at first, becoming deeper yellow or alutaceous with age, equal, simple, rather broad, subdistant, not pruinose, nearly free; stipe white, often tinged with red or purple-red, equal, solid, up to 10 em. long, 1-3 em. thick: spores ochraceous, broadly elliptic, echinulate, 7-8.7 8.7-10.5 y. TyPE LOCALITY: Europe. Hasitat: In oak, maple, or mixed woods. # DistrrsuTion: New England to North Carolina and west to Michigan and Colorado; also in rope. In.ustrations: Atk. Stud. Am. Fungi pl. 36, f.2; Cooke, Brit. Fungi pl. 1096, 1097; Gill. Champ. Fr. pl. 196 (597); Hard, Mushrooms f. 148. Exsrccatt: Herpell, Prap. Hutpilze 51; Rav. Fungi Car. 2: 6; Sydow, Myc. Mar. 604; Thiim. Fungi Austr. 912. 99. Russula chamaeleontina Fries, Epicr. Myc. 363. 1838. Pileus fragile, thin, plane or depressed, up to 5 cm. broad; surface varying from rose-red to purple and lilac, the disk or entire surface becoming yellow or at times yellow from the first, viscid, with thin, separable pellicle, glabrous; margin even, then somewhat striate: context white, mild; lamellae yellow, equal, adnexed or free, narrow; stipe white, spongy-stuffed, becoming hollow, striate, 2-5 cm. long, 0.4-1 cm. thick: spores subglobose, ochraceous, echinulate, 7 X 7-8.7 yu. TYPE LOCALITY: Europe. Hasirat: In mixed woods or pines, DISTRIBUTION: Vermont to Michigan and Colorado, and south to the District of Columbia; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Britz. Hymen. Siidb. Russ. f. 95; Cooke, Brit. Fungi 1. 1098; Ricken, Blatterp. Deutschl. pl. 18, fees 100. Russula abietina Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 54: 180. 1901. Pileus fleshy, convex, becoming plane or slightly depressed in the center, 2.5-6.5 cm. broad; surface vinous-purple, greenish-purple, or olive-green, with brown, blackish, or greenish center, covered with a viscid, separable pellicle, glabrous; margin tuberculate-striate: context fragile, thin, white, mild; lamellae whitish, becoming pale-yellow, equal, not forking, subdis- tant, broad and rounded at the outer ends, narrowed and nearly free at the inner, ventri- cose; stipe white, equal or tapering upward, glabrous, stuffed or hollow, 2.5-6.5 cm. long, 0.5-1 cm. thick: spores bright-yellowish-ochraceous, subglobose, echinulate, 7.5-10, in diameter. TYPE LOcALIty: New York. Hasirat: Under balsam fir trees. DISTRIBUTION: New England and New York to Michigan, Colorado, and Washington. In.ustrations: Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 54: 91. 7, f. 1-11. 232 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 101. Russula Turci Bres. Fungi Trid. 1: 22. 1882. Pileus fleshy, thin, from convex to depressed, gregarious, up to 9 cm. broad; surface reddish-violaceous or lilac-purple, darker in the center, sometimes becoming yellowish in age, viscid when wet, slightly areolate when old; margin even, then striate: context white, mild, without special odor; lamellae pallid, soon becoming ochraceous, equal, venose-connected, rounded and free behind, somewhat crowded; stipe white, subrugulose, tapering downward, soon with hollow spaces within, 3-5 cm. long, up to 1 cm. thick: spores ochraceous, globose, echinulate, 8-9 » in diameter; cystidia fusoid, 60-70 X 10 zu. TYPE LOCALITY: Italy. Hasitat: In coniferous woods. DisrR1Bution: From Maine to Vermont and New York, and in Washington; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATION: Bres, Fungi Trid. 91. 26. 102. Russula nauseosa (Pers.) Fries, Epicr. Myc. 363. 1838. Agaricus nauseosus Pers. Syn. Fung. 446. 1801. Russulina nauseosa Schrét. Krypt.-Fl. Schles. 31: 562. 1889. Pileus broadly convex, becoming plane to depressed, up to 5 cm. broad; surface purple- brown at the center, shading to garnet-brown or dull-garnet toward the margin, sometimes becoming pale, viscid when wet, with the pellicle separable, glabrous; margin becoming tuberculate-striate or furrowed: context white, fragile, mild but somewhat nauseous, the odor disagreeable with age; lamellae light-yellow, then dingy-ochraceous, with a few shorter ones intermingled here and there, adnexed, ventricose, somewhat distant; stipe white, up to 2.5 cm. long, about 0.8 cm. thick; spores yellow, 8-9 » in diameter. TYPE LOCALITY: Europe. HasiraTt: On the ground in woods. DISTRIBUTION: North Carolina and Vermont; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bres. Fungi Trid. pi. 129; Lucand, Champ. Fr. l. 196. XXIV. Purpurinae. Pileus with separable pellicle; surface red or violet-purple, or white mixed with red, viscid when wet, glabrous; margin even at first, sometimes becoming somewhat striate: context white, unchanging, mild, without special odor; lamellae white, equal, simple or with some forking: spores white. 103. Russula purpurina Quél. & Schulzer; Schulzer, Hedwigia 24: 139. 1885. Pileus subglobose, becoming plane or slightly depressed in the center, 4-7 em. broad; surface old-blood-red to carmine-lake and rosy-pink, sometimes paler in places, viscid when wet, with separable pellicle, glabrous but appearing more or less pruinose when dry; margin even, when mature more or less obscurely striate-tuberculate, thin, sometimes upturned: context fragile, reddish under the pellicle, otherwise white, mild; lamellae white, becoming yellowish in age or in drying, sometimes pink on the edges, which are often floccose and crenu- late, mostly equal, not forking, acute at the inner ends, broad toward the outer, rather close; stipe colored like the piletus or paler, often white at the apex and base, equal, sometimes tapering upward or downward, stuffed, spongy within, 2-7 cm. long, 1-2 cm. thick: spores white, globose to subellipsoid, minutely verrucose, 4-8 yu long. TYPE LOCALITY: Slavonia. Hasirat: In coniferous or mixed woods. DIstRIBUTION: From Vermont to Long Island and west to Michigan; also in Europe. 104. Russula uncialis Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 12: 10. 1888. Pileus thin, convex, becoming plane or slightly depressed in the center, 2-6 cm. broad; surface old-blood-red to reddish-old-rose, often darker in the center, viscid when moist, with separable cuticle except on the disk, wholly or partly pruinose or pruinose-granular when dry; margin even when young, becoming slightly striate-tuberculate: context reddish next to the cuticle, elsewhere white, the taste mild; lamellae white, cream-colored in drying, equal, some forking near the stipe, venose-connected, acute at the inner ends and somewhat adnate, broader Part 4, 1915] AGARICACEAE 233 at the outer ends, even on the edges, rather close; stipe white or often stained more or less with red, equal to slightly tapering upward, glabrous, stuffed or spongy, 4-6 cm. long, 0.5-1 cm. thick: spores white, globose, echinulate, 7—8.5 » in diameter. ‘TYPE LocaLity: Sandlake, New York. Hasirat: On the ground in deciduous or mixed woods. DISTRIBUTION: Eastern United States as far south as Alabama. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 116: pl. 107, f. 7-12; Mycologia 4: pl. 76, f. 6. 105. Russula sericeonitens C. H. Kauffman, Rep. Mich. Acad. Sci. 11: 84. 1909. Pileus convex, becoming plane or slightly depressed in the center, rather thin, 4-9 cm. broad; surface dark-violet-purple or purplish-red, blackish-livid toward the center, viscid when moist, the pellicle separable, with a silky-sheen, margin even: coniext purplish next to the cuticle, otherwise white, unchanging, taste mild, odor none; lamellae white, slightly yellow- ish with age or in drying, equal, some forking near the stipe and occasionally part way to the margin, narrow at the inner ends, broad at the outer, rather broad, subcrowded; stipe white, equal or thickened at the apex, firm, then spongy, glabrous, even or obscurely rivulose, 3-7 cm. long, 1-1.3 cm. thick: spores white, globose, echinulate, 6-7 » in diameter. TYPE LOCALITY: Michigan. Hasitat: In mixed woods of hemlock, maple, and yellow birch or oak. DISTRIBUTION: Michigan, Vermont, and New York. ILLUSTRATION: Mycologia 4: pl. 76, f. 1. 106. Russula brunneola Burlingham, sp. nov. Pileus convex-umbilicate, then plane to depressed, up to 10 cm. broad; surface varying from Vandyke-brown to brownish-drah or burnt-umber, sometimes tinged with vinous-purple, rarely with olive-brown, paler when mature, viscid when moist, the cuticle separable on the margin, pruinose when young, glabrous; margin involute, soon striate-tuberculate: context rather firm, tinged with brownish or slate-violet under the cuticle, otherwise white, mild, the odor none; lamellae white, becoming yellowish in drying, the edges sometimes tinged with Van- dyke-brown, pruinose, forking near the stipe or a little distance away, venose-connected, equal, acute at the inner ends, rounded at the outer, close, rather broad; stipe white or tinged with slate-violet, nearly equal, glabrous, spongy, 4-6 cm. long, 1.5—2 cm. thick: spores white, glo- bose to elliptic, very minutely echinulate, 5-6 X 6-8 u. Type collected among spruce needles near a wood road under spruces and yellow birch saplings at Stratton, Vermont, August 7, 1911, Gertrude S. Burlingham 99-1911 (herb. Burlingham). DISTRIBUTION: Vermont, New Hampshire, and Massachusetts. 107. Russula albella Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 50: 101. 1897. Pileus fleshy, thin, plane or slightly depressed in the center, 5-7.5 cm. broad; surface white or whitish, sometimes tinged with pink or rose-red, especially on the margin, dry, glabrous; margin even or at length slightly striate: context white, taste mild; lamellae white, equal, close, thin; stipe white, equal, solid to spongy, 2.5-5 cm. long, 6-8 mm. thick: spores white, globose, 8 » in diameter. Typek Locality: Suffolk County, New York. Hasirat: Dry soil in woods. outa DistrRiButTion: New York and Mississippi. XXV. Fragiles. Pileus fragile, with separable pellicle; surface red or white, viscid when wet, glabrous; margin striate: context white, unchanging, acrid, without special odor; lamellae equal, simple: spores white. 108. Russula subfragilis Burlingham. Agaricus niveus Pers. Syn. Fung. 438. 1801. Not A. niveus Scop. 1772. Agaricus fragilis Pers. Syn. Fung. 440. 1801. Not A. fragilis Schaeff. 1774. Russula fragilis Fries, Epicr. Myc. 359. 1838. 234 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VOLUME 9 Pileus thin, convex, then becoming plane to depressed, 2.5-6 cm. broad; surface pale-red or rosy, sometimes white from the first and sometimes fading to white, viscid when moist, polished, with separable pellicle, glabrous; margin thin, striate tuberculate: context white, not red next to the pellicle, fragile, very acrid, without special odor; lamellae pure-white, equal, adnexed, ventricose, thin, close, sometimes uneven on the edges, stipe white, equal, spongy within, then hollow, 2-4 em. long, 0.5-1 cm. thick: spores white, subglobose, echinulate, 8 X 8-104. TYPE LocaLity: Europe. Hasitat: On the ground in woods. . DISTRIBUTION: From Maine to Alabama and in the central! United States; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Barla, Champ. Nice 1. 14, f. 10-12; Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 509, f. T-U; Cooke, Brit. Fungi ol. 1091; Gill. Champ. Fr. pl. 189 (613); Lanzi, Funghi Mang. fl. 47, f. 2; Ricken, Blat- terp. Deutschl. 1. 19, f. 3. 109. Russula emetica (Schaeff.) Pers. Obs. Myc. 1: 100. 1796. Agaricus emeticus Schaeff. Fung. Bavar. 4: Ind. 9. 1774. Agaricus sylvaticus Lam. Fl. Fr. 1: 106. 1778. Amanita rubra Lam. Encye. 1:105. 1783. Pileus fleshy, convex to plane or depressed, 5-10 cm. broad; surface rosy, soon blood-red, then fulvous or sometimes ocbroleucous or entirely white, viscid when wet, shining, with separable pellicle, glabrous; margin striate-tuberculate to sulcate: context red next to the pellicle, otherwise white, acrid, without special odor; lamellae pure-white, equal, free or slightly adnexed, broad, subdistant; stipe white or reddish, subequal, spongy to solid, firm, elastic, even, 4-8 cm. long, 1-2 cm. thick: spores globose, echinulate, 8-10 » in diameter. TYPE LOCALITY: Bavaria. Hasitat: On the ground in woods or on rotten logs. In.ustrations: Atk. Stud. Am. Fungi 91. 40, f. 4; Fries, Sv. Aetl. Svamp. pl. 21; Barla, Champ. Nice gl. 14, f. 4-9; Bel, Champ. Tarn pl. 25; Bernard, Champ. Roch. pi. 40, f. 3; Boyer, Champ. Comest. pl. 34; Bres. Fung. Trid. pl. 73; Cooke, Brit. Fungi #1. 1030; Dufour, Atl. Champ. #1. 28, no. 63; Gill. Champ. Fr. pl. 188 (610); Leuba, Champ. Comest. pl. 26, f. 5-7; Mycologia 4: pl. 76, f.3; Richon & Roze, Atl. Champ. #1. 48, f. 1-3; Roques, Hist. Champ. #l. 11, f. 1-2; Schaeff. Fung. Bavar. pl. 15, f. 4-6; Rep. Sec. Agr. U. S. 1890: Microsc. #1. 2, f. 2. DisTRIBUTION: Eastern and central United States, Colorado, and the Pacific coast; also in Europe. . Exsiccati: Clements, Crypt. Form. Colo. 183 (in part); Herpell, Prap. Hutpilze 14. 110. Russula rugulosa Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 54: 179. 1901. Pileus thin, fragile, convex, then almost plane or depressed in the center, 5-10 em. broad; surface varying in color from yellowish-red to deep-red, viscid, then rugose-tuberculate, with wrinkles sometimes radiating from the center; margin even, then tuberculate-striate: context white, acrid or tardily acrid; lamellae white, equal, adnate or slightly rounded behind, rather close; stipe white, nearly equal, spongy within, 5-8 cm. long, 8-16 mm. thick: spores white, subglobose or broadly elliptic, echinulate, 8.5 X 9.5 u. Type Locality: Adirondack Mountains, New York. Hapirat: Among mosses and fallen leaves in woods. DIsTRIBUTION: New York, Vermont, and Connecticut. InLustRations: Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 54: ol. 72, f. 12-18. 111. Russula bicolor Burl. Mycologia 5: 311. 1913. Piletts broadly convex, soon nearly plane, up to 8 cm. broad; surface coppery-red inter- mixed with pale-yellow or ocher, viscid when moist, pellicle separable on the margin, glabrous; margin even, becoming striate when mature: context white, subfragile, acrid; lamellae white, drying yellowish, equal, broad at the outer ends, narrowed behind but not free, interveined, subcrowded; stipe white, spongy, becoming hollow, 4.5 cm. long, 1.5 cm. thick or smaller: spores white, subglobose, echinulate, 8 X 8-10 xu. TYPE LOCALITY: Newfane, Vermont, 342 m. elevation. Hasirat: On the ground in mixed woods under yellow birch. DISTRIBUTION: Vermont and Oregon. Parv 4, 1915] AGARICACEAE 235 112. Russula nigrodisca Peck; J. M. Macoun, in D. S. Jordan, Fur Seals N. Pacif. 3: 583. 1899. Pileus convex or nearly plane, 2.5 to 4 cm. broad; surface dull-dark-red near the margin, nearly black on the disk, viscid when young and moist, glabrous, margin even: context similar to that of Russula subfragilis, taste not recorded in the type description: lamellae whitish, entire, subdistant, narrowed toward the stipe, thin; stipe white, nearly equal, 2.5 to 4 em. long, 4 to 8 mm. thick: spores white, subglobose, finely echinulate, 7.5 & 9.5-11.5 u. TYPE LOCALITY: St. Paul Island, Bering Sea. HapiraT: On exposed hillsides among cladonias and other lichens. DISTRIBUTION: Vermont, Colorado, and St. Paul Island. 113. Russula fallax Fries, Obs. Myc. 1: 70. 1815. Pileus thin, fragile, convex, becoming plane or slightly depressed in the center, 3-5 cm. broad; surface vinous-purple in the center, incarnate or Indian-lake on the margin, more or Jess olivaceous surrounding the center or even in the center, viscid when moist, with separable pellicle, glabrous, margin striate: context white, sometimes tinged like the surface beneath the pellicle, acrid, without special odor; lamellae white, equal, adnexed, distant to subcrowded ; stipe white, nearly equal, spongy within, 3-5 cm. long, 0.6-1 cm. thick: spores white, sub- globose, minutely echinulate, 6 X 6-7 u. Type LocALItTy: Europe. Hasrrat: In moist places in woods, often in sphagnum moss. DISTRIBUTION: Vermont to Michigan and Colorado; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Cooke, Brit. Fungi pl. 1059; Schaeff. Fung. Bavar. #1. 16, f. 1-3 (as Agaricus emeticus). 114. Russula parvula Burlingham, sp. nov. Pileus broadly convex, becoming plane, up to 4 cm. broad; surface very dark violet, almost black in the center and black all over when young, becoming paler and brighter colored on the margin, viscid when wet, with separable pellicle, pruinose when young, then polished; margin scarcely striate: context fragile, tinged reddish under the pellicle, otherwise white, slowly acrid; lamellae white, yellowish in drying, dusted with the white spores, equal, simple, venose-connected, slightly adnate, close; stipe white, staining sordid-violaceous or dull-red where handled or bruised, spongy within, 2.5-4 cm. long, 1 cm. or less thick: spores white, globose, echinulate, 7 » in diameter. Type collected in needle soil in spruce woods at Stratton, Vermont, August 23, 1910, Gertrude S. Burlingham 202-1910 (herb. Burlingham). DisTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 115. Russula crenulata Burl. Mycologia 5: 310. 1913. Pileus broadly convex, then plane to depressed, up to 9 cm. broad; surface milk-white or slightly yellow, viscid when moist, with pellicle easily separable, glabrous; margin thin, slightly striate-tuberculate with age: context fragile, white, very acrid; lamellae white, equal, not fork- ing, edges appearing under the lens finely notched or crenate, rounded at the outer ends, narrowed behind, close, pruinose; stipe white, spongy, nearly equal or enlarged below, glab- rous, spongy within, 10 cm. long, 2 cm. thick: spores white, mostly globose, echinulate, 10 u in diameter. Type LocaLity: Glen Brook, Oregon. Hasirat: In a dense fir forest with a few oaks. DIsTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. DovuBTFUL AND EXCLUDED SPECIES Russula amoena Quél. Assoc. Fr. Av. Sci. Compte Rendu 9: 668. 1881. Reported from Wisconsin by Denniston in Trans. Wis. Acad. 15:76. 1904. Russula aurata (With.) Fries, Epicr. Myc. 360. 1838. Reported from Connecticut by White, and from West Virginia and Pennsylvania by McIlvaine. Specimens for verifying these reports are not available. It is described in McIlv. Am. Fungi 206. 1900. Russula citrina Gill. Rev. Myc. 3°: 5. 1881. Reported from Connecticut by White; also reported by McIlvaine. The specimens of this are not available for verification. It is described in McIlv. Am. Fungi 203. 1900. 236 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 9 Russula cutefracta Cooke, Grevillea 10: 46. 1881. Reported from New York by Peck. The specimens so determined seem to be R. variata Banning & Peck, which sometimes occurs with the surface cracking into areolae. Russula depallens (Pers.) Fries, Epicr. Myc. 353. 1838. Reported from Connecticut by White, and from Pennsylvania by McIlvaine. It is described in McIlv. Am. Fungi 192. 1900. Russula drimeja Cooke, Grevillea 10: 46. 1881. Reported from Washington by Bur- lingham. ‘The specimens so determined seem upon further comparison to be R. Queletit. The spore-color was not given in the field notes, and the determination as to whether the specimens represent R. drimeja or R. Queletii depends upon the color of the lamellae, which seems to place the plants rather with R. Queletii. They certainly do not represent R. expallens Gill, Russula elegans Bres. Fungi Trid.1: 21. 1882. Reported from West Virginia and Penn- sylvania by McIlvaine. It is described in McIlv. Am. Fungi 200. 1900. Russula lilacea Quél. Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 23: 330. 1876. Reported from Michigan by Kauffman. Specimens thus determined which I have seen proved to be R. Mariae Peck. Russula Linnaei Fries, Epicr. Myce. 358. 1838. Reported from West Virginia and Penn- sylvania by McIlvaine. A description is given in McIlv. Am. Fungi 196. 1900. Russula nitida (Pers.) Fries, Epicr. Myc. 361. 1838. Reported by Frost in the ‘‘Cata- logue of Plants Growing without Cultivation within Thirty Miles of Amherst College.” Russula ochracea (Alb. & Schw.) Fries, Epicr. Myc. 363. 1838. Reported from California by Harkness and Moore, from North Carolina by Curtis, from Massachusetts by the Boston Mycological Club, and from Wisconsin by Denniston. I have not seen the specimens from which these determinations were made. Russula olivacea (Schaeff.) Fries, Epicr. Myc. 356. 1838. Reported from Pennsylvania by McIlvaine. It is described in McIlv. Am. Fungi 197. 1900. Russula pulchralis Britz. Jahresb. Nat. Ver. Augsburg 28: 140. 1885. Reported from Maine by Miss White, but her specimens do not seem to have been preserved. Russula punctata Gill. Tabl. Anal. 48. 1884. Reported from, Massachusetts by the Boston Mycological Club. The specimens thus determined are R. Mariae Peck. Maire considers R. punciaia to be the same as Russula amoena Quél. It is described in MclIlv. Am. Fungi 204. 1900. Russula sororia Fries, Epicr. Myc. 359. 1838. Specimens referred to this species from New York by Peck and from Michigan by Kauffman are undoubtedly R. pectinaia. The specimens which Boudier refers to R. sororia Fries in Ic. Myc. 1: 23. 1911, and figures in his plate 45, seem also to be R. pectinata. Russula vesca Fries, Epicr. Myc. 352. 1838. The specimens reported from New York by Peck are undoubtedly R. variata Banning & Peck. Kauffman has reported some doubtful collections in Michigan. It is described by Kauffman in Rep. Mich. Acad. Sci. 11: 74. 1909; also in MclIlv. Am. Fungi 198. 1902. Russula viridipes Banning & Peck; Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 44: 184. 1891. There seem to be no specimens of this species preserved. Colored drawings of it appear in Miss Banning’s notes which are deposited in the herbarium at Albany. ‘The color of the spores is not mentioned in the description. Since there are no type specimens and no further collections have been made, it seems best to leave this in doubt. Russula vitellina (Pers.) Fries, Epicr. Myc. 363. 1838. Reported from West Virginia, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey by McIlvaine. A description is found in Mcllv. Am. Fungi 212, 1900. Parr 4, 1915] AGARICACEAE 237 Tribe 3. AGARICEAE.* Hymenophore annual, putrescent or reviving, stipitate or sessile, terrestrial or epixylous, rarely parasitic on other fungi: context composed of slender, elongate cells, fleshy or membranous, sometimes rather tough; hymenium lamellate, fleshy or tough: spores variously colored: veil present or wanting: volva present or wanting. Spores white in mass, rarely tinged or becoming tinged with yellow, green, violet, or brown. Subtribe 1. LerroTanak. Spores rosy or rosy-ochraceous in mass. Subtribe 2. PLUTEANAE. Spores ochraceous, ferruginous, or fulvous in mass. Subtribe 3. PHOLIOTANAE. Spores brown, purplish-brown, or black in mass. Subtribe 4. AGARICANAE. Subtribe 1. LEPIOTANAE Hymenophore tough to woody, reviving. 2 Lamellae split longitudinally. 12. ScHIzoPHYLLUS. Lamellae not split longitudinally. Stipe lateral or wanting, or at times very eccentric; pileus irregular. Veil absent. Pileus sessile, resupinate when young. Context homogeneous. Pileus membranous. 13. PLEUROTOPSIS. Pileus coriaceous. 14, ScyTInoTus. Context with the upper layer gelatinous. 15. RESUPINATUS. Piléus stipitate or dimidiate, not resupinate when young. ‘ Pileus membranous; stipe tubular.: 16. MARASMIELLUS. Pileus Heshy-tough to coriaceous; stipe when present solid. 17. PaNnELtus. Veil present, soon vanishing; pileus sessile. 18. TECTELLA. Stipe central or slightly eccentric, varying in a few species to strongly eccentric or even lateral; pileus usually regular. Stipe tubular, slender, with cartilaginous cortex. Pileus subgelatinous; stipe horny. 19, HELIOMYCES. Pileus membranous or somewhat fleshy. Pileus glabrous or nearly so. Stipe simple. 20. MARASMIUS. Stipe compound. 21. PoLyMARASMIUS. Pileus conspicuously hairy. 22. CRINIPELLIS. Stipe solid, thick, of uniform texture. ‘Veil absent. Hymenophore solitary or gregarious, rarely cespitose; pileus “usually regular. Pileus thin, umbilicate or infundibuliform; lamellae decurrent. 23. LENTINUS. Pileus thick, convex; lamellae adnate. 24. LENTINULA. Hymenophore cespitose; pileus somewhat irregular. 25. LENTINELLUS. Veil present, though often evanescent. Hymenophore solitary to gregarious, slightly cespitose at times; surface scaly. 26. Lentrovium. Hymenophore densely cespitose; surface smooth. 27, LENTODIELLUM. Hymenophore fleshy or membranous, not He: (See page 297.) 12. SCHIZOPHYLLUS Fries, Obs. Myc. 1: 103. 1815. Apus S. F. Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 1: 617. 1821. Pileus coriaceous, reviving, dimidiate; lamellae densely hirsute, the edges splitting longi- tudinally and the parts becoming:revolute: spores hyaline: stipe none, veil none. Type species, Agaricus alneus L. 1. Schizophyllus alneus (L.) Schrot. Krypt.-F1. Schles. : 31: 553. 1889. Agaricus alneus L. Sp. PL. 1176. 1753. Agaricus multifidus Batsch, Elench. Fung. 173. 1783. Agaricus radiatus Sw. Prodr. 148. 1788. , Schizophyllus communis Fries, Obs. Myc. 1: 103. 1815. ’ Schizophyllus umbrinus Berk. Jour. Bot. & Kew Misc. 3: 15. Schizophyllus fasciatus Pat. Jour. de Bot. 1: 170. 1887. Schizophyllus mexicanus Pat. Jour. de Bot. 1:171. 1887. Schizophyllus Murrayi Massee, Jour. Bot. 30: 164. 1892. Schizophyllus Egelingianus Ellis & Ev. Bull. Torrey Club 22: 439. Hyponevris alneus Earle, Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 5: 412. 1909. 1851. 1895. *By Wi.L1AM ALPHONSO MURRILL. 238 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 Pileus thin, soft, coriaceous, sessile, suborbicular to flabelliform, convex to depressed, 1.5-4 cm. broad; surface whitish-villose to hirsute, at times scurfy-incrusted and subglabrous, white to dull-ochraceous or umbrinous, margin radiate-sulcate, subentire to lobed, incised, or multifid; lamellae radiating, narrow, inserted, bifid, the edges revolute, villose, gray to purplish- brown: spores cylindric, smooth, hyaline, 6-7 X2-2.5 pu. TYPE LOCALITY: Sweden. Hapitat: Dead wood. DisTRIBUTION: Cosmopolitan. Innustrations: Atk, Stud. Am. Fungi f. 130; Sow. Engl. Fungi 1. 183; Jour. Bot. 30: pl. 322, f. 13, 14; Batsch, Elench. Fung. f. 126; Jour. Bot. & Kew Misc. 3° pl. 1, f. 1. Exsrccatt: Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 404; Rav. Fungi Car. 1: 6; Rav. Fungi Am. 206, 786; Underw. & Cook, Illust. Fungi 9; Thiim. Myc. Univ. 304); Rab.-Wint. Fungi Eur. 3646; Shear, N. Y. Fungi 24. 13. PLEUROTOPSIS (P. Henn.) Earle, Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 5: 412. 1909. Marasmius § Pleurotopsis P. Henn. in E. & P. Nat. PA. 1**: 226. 1898. Pileus thin, membranous, reviving, sessile, resupinate when young; lamellae radiating from a central or eccentric point: spores hyaline: veil none. Type species, Marasmius spodoleucus Berk. Pileus white or whitish. Pileus 2 mm. broad; surface pruinose to glabrous. Hymenophore borne on an arachnoid mycelium. 1. P. arachnoidea. Hymenophore not borne as above. 2. P. calospora. Pileus 2 mm. broad; surface floccose. 3. P. niduliformis. Pileus 2-6 mm. broad; surface pruinose-floccose. 4. P. liliputiana, Pileus pale-brownish, 5-10 mm. broad, decorated with long fibers. 5. P. asperifolia. 1. Pleurotopsis arachnoidea (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Marasmins arachnoideus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc, 10: 299. 1868. Pileus resupinate, adnate, very thin, 2 mm. broad; surface white, pruinose; lamellae few: stipe very short or obliterated, borne on an arachnoid mycelium. Type Locality: Cuba. Hasitat: On dead wood. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. Le 2. Pleurotopsis calospora (Pat.) Murrill. Crinipellis calosporus Pat.; Duss, Enum. Champ. Guad. 44. 1903. Pileus resupinate, becoming dimidiate, thin, membranous, 2 mm. broad; surface white, glabrescent, the cuticle consisting of elongate, tough, thick-walled cells 4-5 in diameter, margin smooth or sulcate: lamellae radiating from an eccentric point, distant, 5-7 in number, not interveined, thin, entire, whitish-yellow: spores ovoid, smooth, hyaline tinged with rose, 10X7 u; cystidia clavate, thick-walled, hyaline, often encrusted above, 3310-15 pu. TYPE LOCALITY: Bains-Jaunes, Guadeloupe. Hapsirar: On dead twigs in woods. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 3. Pleurotopsis niduliformis Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus minute, membranous, reviving, at first resupinate, becoming inverted cupuliform, sessile, vertically attached, regular, solitary to gregarious, about 2 mm. broad; surface floccose, white, smooth, margin concolorous, subentire, usually inflexed on drying: lamellae radiating from the point of attachment, rather distant, firm, narrow, undulate, white, the interspaces white, sometimes venose. Type collected on fallen dead twigs of Juniperus barbadensis in Bermuda, November 29- December 14, 1912, Brown, Britton, & Seaver 1350 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DisTRIBUTION: Bermuda. Parr 4, 1915] AGARICACEAE 239 4, Pleurotopsis liliputiana (Mont.) Murrill. Agaricus (Pleurotus) liliputianus Mont. Ann. Sci. Nat. IV. 1:99. 1854. Marasmius nidulus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 299. 1868. Pileus resupinate, at first Peziza-like, becoming free on one side, 2-6 mm. broad; surface snow-white, pruinose-floccose: lamellae few, thick, plane or ventricose, interspaces smooth: stipe pruinose, very short or none, pileus often attached by the vertex. TYPE Loca.ity: French Guiana. Hasirar: On fallen sticks in woods. . DisTRIBuTION: Mexico, British Honduras, Cuba, and Guadeloupe; also in South America. 5. Pleurotopsis eeurifoliy (Pat.) Murrill. Crinipellis asperifolia Pat. Jour. de Bot. 3: 336. 1889. Pileus sessile, resupinate or reflexed, solitary to gregarious, 5-10 mm. broad; surface dry, striate entirely to the center, pale-brownish, decorated with very long, colorless, tenacious, cylindric fibers, margin thin, entire, concolorous: lamellae distant, dry, concolorous or slightly paler, attenuate at both ends, unequal, radiating from the tubercular attachment of the pileus: cystidia abundant, club-shaped, projecting, rugose at the apex from incrustations of oxalate of lime. TYPE LocaLity: Martinique. Hasirat: On bark at the base of a living Murraya exotica. DisTRIBUTION: Martinique and Guadeloupe. ILLUSTRATION: Jour. de Bot. 3: p. 337. 14, SCYTINOTUS P. Karst. Bidr. Finl. Nat. Folk 32: 97. 1879. Pileus coriaceous, of homogeneous texture, reviving, sessile, at first resupinate: lamellae radiating from a central or eccentric point, not splitting on the edges: spores hyaline: veil none, Type species, Scytinotus ringens (Fries) P. Karst. Pileus and lamellae white or yellowish. 1. S, distantifolius Pileus and lamellae isabelline. 2. S. concolor. Pileus and lamellae blood-red. 3. S. haematodes. 1. Scytinotus distantifolius Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus at first resupinate, becoming sessile and conchate, slightly imbricate at times, 5-10 mm. broad; sutface smooth, white, pruinose to glabrous, margin concolorous, entire to somewhat lobed, inflexed on drying: context thin, white, coriaceous; lamellae radiating from the point of attachment, very distant, somewhat venose-connected, rather broad, irregular, yellowish, the edges firm, entire. Type collected on dead sticks at Rio Piedras, Porto Rico, May 25, 1913, John R. Johnston 927 (berb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DistTRIBUTION: Porto Rico and Vera Cruz. 2. Scytinotus concolor (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Marasmius concolor Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 299. 1868. Pileus firm, dry, irregular, helmet-shaped, sessile, gregarious, 2-8 mm. broad; surface pulverulent to glabrous, striate-furrowed when fresh, pale-avellaneous-isabelline to pale-fulvous, margin lobed, concolorous: lamellae few, broad, tough, isabelline, curved, inserted, rarely forked, not interveined, radiating from an eccentric point. TyP# LocALITy: Cuba. se Hasirat: On dead sticks and rarely on leaves in woods. DISTRIBUTION: Cuba, Jamaica, and Guadeloupe. 3. Scytinotus haematodes (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Marasmius haematodes Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 299, 1868.~ : : Pileus helmet-shaped, rigid, 2 mm. broad; surface blood-red-liver-colored, glabrous: lamellae vein-like, thick, concolorous: stipe none. ‘TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. Hasirtat: On dead sticks. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 240 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [ VoLUME 9 15. RESUPINATUS (Nees) S. F. Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 1: 617. 1821. Agaricus § Resupinatus Nees, Syst. Pilze Schw. 197. 1817. Pileus coriaceous, with:a gelatinous upper stratum, reviving, sessile, at first resupinate: lamellae radiating from a central or eccentric point: spores hyaline: veil none. Type species, Agaricus applicaius Batsch. Pileus 1.5-5 cm. broad; lamellae white or yellowish. Surface of pileus villose-tomentose. 1. R. atrvocoeruleus. Surface of pileus pruinose or fibrillose, rarely hispid. . ‘Temperate species. ? 2. R. griseus. Tropical species. . Surface of pileus entirely white; lamellae crowded. 3. R. cubensis. Surface of pileus grayish or fumosous; lamellae distant. 4. R. subbarbaiulus. Pileus 2-16 mm. broad. : Lamellae white or whitish; pileus campanulate, black or blackish. Pileus 2-4 mm. broad. 5. R. campanulatus, Pileus 4-7 mm. broad. 6. R. orizabensis. Lamellae creamy-yellow; pileus 6-12 mm. broad; surface pallid to brown- . ish, pruinose. ; 7. R. approximans. Lamellae violet-fulvous; pileus 5-15 mm. broad; surface reddish-brown, ; densely grayish-tomentose. 8. R. violaceofulvens. Lamellae cinereous to brown or black. Pileus 4-8 mm. broad. : Surface of pileus glabrous. 9. R. striatulus. Surface of pileus not glabrous. . Pileus gray or blackish with a tinge of blue. 10. R. applicatus. Pileus black or blackish-brown. Pileus pulverulent; lamellae broad. ll. R. niger. Pileus slightly hispid; lamellae narrow. 12. R. subbarbatus, Pileus 6-16 mm. broad, blackish with gray tomentum. 13, R. atropellitus. 1. Resupinatus atrocoeruleus (Fries) Murrill, Mycologia 4: 214. 1912. Agaricus atrocoeruleus Fries, Obs. Myc. 1:95. 1815. Agaricus (Pleurotus) barbatulus Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. III. 4: 287. 1859. Pleurotus atrocoeruleus Gill. Champ. Fr. 335. 1876. Pileus at first resupinate, becoming dimidiate, sessile, conchate, tough, often somewhat imbricate, 2-5 cm. broad; surface villose-tomentose, dark-blue, grayish, or brown, rarely pallid, margin often subglabrous, sometimes crenate-lobed: lamellae concentric, rather narrow, slightly ventricose, crowded, white or yellowish: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, sometimes curved, 6-8 X4-5 uw; cystidia fusoid, hyaline, 50-75 X 10-15 x. Type Locality: Sweden. Hasttat: Dead wood of various kinds. DistRIBuTION: Throughout temperate North America; also in Europe. InLustrations: Schaeff. Fung. Bavar. pl. 246, f. 3,9; Saunders, Smith & Bennett, Myc. Illust. pl. 6. f. 1-3; Cooke, Brit. Fungi pl. 243 (289) B. ees Sydow, Fungi Exot. 203; Desmaz. Pl. Crypt. Fr. 2153; Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 2. Resupinatus griseus (Peck) Murrill. Pleurotus atrocoeruleus griseus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 44: 147 (35). 1891. Pleurotus griseus Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 131: 25, 1909. Pileus at first resupinate, becoming dimidiate, sessile, conchate, tough, often somewhat imbricate, 1.5-4 cm. broad; surface grayish or grayish-brown, clothed with rather coarse, pointed, white or grayish hairs, never dark-blue nor villose-tomentose, margin usually glabrous or becoming so: lamellae concentric, rather narrow, slightly ventricose, crowded, white or yellowish: spores pip-shaped, smooth, hyaline, 5-6 X2.5-3.5 u; cystidia fusoid, hyaline, 35-45 X6-10 pw. TYPE LocaLity: Carrollton, New York. . Haprrat: On dead hickory trunks and other forms of deciduous wood. Distrisution: New England, New York, and west to Iowa. Exsiccati: Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 1202. 3. Resupinatus cubensis Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus fleshy, thin, dimidiate, semiresupinate at times, 2-4 em. broad; surface white, densely floccose-fibrillose, entirely smooth, margin not striate, upturned, concolorous: lamellae radi- Part 4, 1915] AGARICACEAE 241 ating from a central point, white, very narrow and very much crowded: cystidia fusoid, 60- 70X10-15 yw. Type collected on a dead stick, five miles east of Santiago de las Vegas, Cuba, September 11, 1904, F. S. Earle 188 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 4. Resupinatus subbarbatulus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus suborbicular to reniform, rarely dimidiate, very thin, nearly plane above, gregarious to subimbricate, 2-2.5 cm. broad; surface white, pale-avellaneous, or fumosous, slightly sulcate, whitish-pulverulent to whitish-pruinose, margin thin, irregular or lobed, usually pallid: lamellae narrow, inserted, rather distant, white, radiating from a lateral point of attachment. Type collected on a fallen dead trunk in a coffee plantation on the bank of the Rio Blanco, at Xuchiles, near Cordoba, Mexico, January 17, 1910, W. A. & Edna L. Murrill 1142 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Mexico, Jamaica, and Cuba. 5. Resupinatus campanulatus (Peck) Murrill. Pleurotus campanulatus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 44: 131 (19). 1891, Pileus thin, subtenacious, campanulate, attached by the vertex, which is sometimes pro- longed into a short stipe, 2-4 mm. broad; surface black, glabrous or sprinkled with a few grayish hairs, often plicate-striate on the margin; lamellae few, distant, whitish; spores curved, smooth, hyaline, 7.5-8.5 X3.5-4 yu. TYPE LOCALITY, Saugerties, New York. Hasitat: On dead branches of mulberry. DistTrRiBUTION: Known only from the type locality. ILLUSTRATIONS: Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 44: pl. 2, f. 13-15. 6. Resupinatus orizabensis Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus campanulate, attached by the vertex, somewhat collapsing, solitary, reaching 7 mm. broad; surface smooth or slightly striate, fumosous to bluish-black, minutely whitish-pruinose, margin concolorous, entire, inflexed on drying; lamellae radiating from the center, very thin and delicate, narrow, distant, white, the interspaces white and smooth. Type collected on fallen dead sticks in coffee plantations at Orizaba, Mexico, January 10-14, 1910, W. A. & Edna L. Murrill 804 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 7. Resupinatus approximans (Peck) Murrill. Pleurotus approximans Peck, Bull.\N. Y. State Mus. 150: 37, 1911, Pileus thin, tough, subgelatinous, dimidiate or subflabelliform or with a short stemlike base, 6-12 mm. broad; surface more or less strigulose-hairy, especially toward the base, be- coming pruinose or subglabrous with age, pallid, grayish-brown, or smoky-brown, margin at first involute, thin, not striate, expanded or slightly recurved: lamellae narrow, close, tapering toward each end, converging to a basal point, creamy-yellow, minutely bristly on the edges and sides with projecting, hyaline, pointed cystidia, which are 60-80 X 15-20 yu. TYPE LOCALITY: Sylvan Beach, Oneida County, New York. Hasirat: On decaying wood and: bark. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 8. Resupinatus violaceofulvens (Batsch) Murrill. Agaricus violaceofulvens Batsch, Elench. Fung. 95. 1783. Panus violaceofulvus Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 205. 1872. Panus salicinus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 24:77. 1872. Pileus thin, resupinate, becoming dimidiate, convex to expanded, deflexed or subpendulous, gregarious to imbricate, 5-15 mm. broad; surface reddish-brown beneath the tomentum, clothed with a dense, felted, grayish tomentum, margin involute; lamellae concentric, broad, ventricose, thin, of medium distance, violet-fulvous, pale-brownish in dried specimens: spores cylindric, somewhat curved, smooth, hyaline, 8-11 2-3 x. 242 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VOLUME 9 Type LOCALITY: Jena, Germany. Hasirat: On dead deciduous or coniferous wood. Distrisution: Eastern United States from Canada to North Carolina and Colorado; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Boud. Ic. Myc. pl. 82; Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 1: pl. 14, f. 2; Batsch, Elench. Fung. f. 39. . Exsiccatt: Shear, N. Y. Fungi 108; Thiim. Myc. Univ. 405; Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 2503. 9. Resupinatus striatulus (Pers.) Murrill. Agaricus striatulus Pers. Syn. Fung. 485. 1801. Pleurotus striatulus Gill. Champ. Fr. 336. 1876. Pileus membranous, very delicate, resupinate or subcupular, then reflexed, sometimes obconic and pendulous, sessile, scattered or gregarious, 4-8 mm. broad; surface slightly striate when moist, strongly striate or corrugate when dry, flaccid, glabrous, cinereous or brown: lamellae few, distant, whitish or cinereous: spores subglobose, 5—6 u. TyPB Locality: Europe. Hasrrat: On much decayed wood, especially of coniferous trees. DISTRIBUTION: New England to Alabama in the eastern United States; Blue Mountains, Ja- maica; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Cooke, Brit. Fungi pl. 2/2 (292) B; Gill. Champ. Fr. pl. 240 (335), f. 3. Exsiccatt: Rav. Fungi Car. 4: 2. 10. Resupinatus applicatus (Batsch) S. F. Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 1: 617. 1821. Agaricus applicatus Batsch, Elench. Fung. Contin. 1: 171. 1786. Pleurotus ap plicatus Gill. Champ. Fr. 335. 1876. Pileus firm, submembranous, cup-shaped, resupinate to refiexed, sessile, gregarious, 4-7 mm. broad; surface dark-gray or blackish with a tinge of blue, subpruinose to subglabrous, villose at the base, often striatulate on the margin: lamellae broad, thick, distant, paler than ~ the surface of the pileus or concolorous, the edges usually paler: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 4-5 py. TYPE LOCALITY: Jena, Germany. Hastrat: On dead bark and wood. DisTRiBuTion: Cosmopolitan. . . ILLustRatTions: Atk. Stud. Am. Fungi f. 11/; Sow. Engl. Fungi pl. neo Cooke, Brit. Fungi pl. 244 (291) C; Gill. Champ. Fr. pl. 240 (535), f. 1; Batsch, Elench. Fung. f. 125. Exsicearti: Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 102; Shear, N. Y. Fungi 105; Allesch. & Schn. Fungi Bavar. 148; Rav. Fungi Am. 409; Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 1564; Roum. Fungi Gall. 2702. 11. Resupinatus niger (Schw.) Murrill. Agaricus (Pleuropus) niger Schw. Schr. Nat. Ges. Leipzig 1:90. 1822. Agaricus (Pleurotus) niger Fries, eer Fung. 1:26. 1828. Pleurotus niger Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5 : 380. 1887. Pileus small, thin, subresupinate to cup-shaped or fan-shaped, often attached by the vertex, not pellucid, gregarious, not imbricate, 4-6 mm. broad; surface black, opaque, pulverulent, smooth, blackish-villose behind, margin plicate, concolorous: lamellae radiating from the point of attachment, broad, black, rather crowded, the edges at first cinereous: spores subglobose, smooth, hyaline, 4—5 yu. Type LocaLity: North Carolina. Hasirar: On dead bark and wood. DIstRiBsuTiIoNn: Throughout temperate and tropical North America, Exsrccatr: Rav. Fungi Car. 1: 1; Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 2008. 12. Resupinatus subbarbatus (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Agaricus (Pleurotus) subbarbatus Berk, & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 288. 1868. Pleurotus subbarbatus Sacc, Syll. Fung. 5: 383. 1887. Pileus fan-shaped, collapsing and adhering to the matrix, 8 mm. broad; surface blackish- brown, slightly hispid, margin striatulate, undulate, concolorous: lamellae narrow, concolorous, crowded. Type LocaLity: Cuba. Hasirat: On dead fogs. DISTRIBUTION: Cuba, Guadeloupe, and Dominica. Part 4, 1915] AGARICACEAE 243 13. Resupinatus atropellitus (Peck) Murrill. Pleurotus atropellitus Peck, Ann, Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 39:65. 1887. Pileus very thin, tough, flaccid, resupinate or reflexed, convex or subplane, suborbicular or reniform, 6-16 mm. broad; surface blackish-brown or black, with gray tomentum, villose- tomentose except on the margin, which is thin and slightly striate when moist: lamellae crowded, rather broad, blackish-brown or black, the edges white: spores subpellucid, smooth, hyaline, 7.5-9 X4-5 yp: stipe absent, but the pileus is sometimes prolonged into ashort, grayish-tomentose tubercle. TYPE LocALity: Fort Edward, New York. HasiraTt: On decayed trunks of both deciduous and coniferous trees. DisTRIBUTION: New York, Connecticut, and Pennsylvania. DOUBTFUL SPECIES Agaricus (Pleurotus) algidus Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 190. 1821. This European species has been several times reported from eastern North America. It is characterized by its glabrous, brown surface. Resupinaius approximans would seem to account for all the forms referred to this species in America. Agaricus (Pleuroius) mastrucatus Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 190. 1821. This European species was reported several times from the eastern United States by the older collectors. Peck says in his 50th Annual Report that it is very rare. It is distinguished from the other species of the genus by its squamose pileus. Agaricus (Pleuropus) pelliculosus Schw. Schr. Nat. Ges. Leipzig 1:90. 1822. Described from North Carolina. Apparently related to R. atrocoeruleus or to some abnormal form of Lentinus or Panellus. Agaricus (Pleurotus) Racodium Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. III. 4: 288. 1859. This species was very briefly described from specimens collected on rotten wood in Pennsyl- vania by Michener. It is said to differ from R. applicatus in its dense covering of black hairs. 16. MARASMIELLUS Murrill, gen. nov. Pileus small, irregular, membranous, reviving: lamellae adnate or adnexed: spores hyaline: veil none: stipe filiform, tubular, short, lateral or very eccentric, sometimes wanting. Type species, Marasmiellus juniperinus Murrill. Pileus 2-3 mm. broad. 1. M. inconspicuus. Pifeus 10 mm. or more broad. Pileus light-brown, glabrous. 2. M. juniperinus, Pileus purple, tomentose. 3. M. purpureus. 1. Marasmiellus inconspicuus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus eccentric, convex, usually stipitate, but varying to sessile, gregarious, 2-3 mm. broad: surface white, finely tomentose, margin lobed: lamellae adnate, distant, rather narrow, irregular, inserted, white, radiating from an eccentric or lateral point: stipe usually lateral, rarely eccentric, sometimes wanting, cylindric, white, fibrillose, 1-2 mm. long. Type collected on a dead stick, five miles east of Santiago de las Vegas, Cuba, September 11, 1904, F. S. Earle 191 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 2. Marasmiellus juniperinus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus shaped like a finger nail, with a short, very eccentric stipe, firm, opaque, gregarious, reaching 1.5 ecm. broad; surface light-brown, glabrous, slightly sulcate, especially toward the margin: lamellae rather broad, firm, twice inserted, not interveined, adnate, white and sub- distant when young, becoming very distant and light-brown with age, the interspaces also changing from white to brownish: stipe almost lateral, tough, slightly enlarged upward, pruinose to glabrous, smooth, 1-2.5 mm. long, 0.5-1 mm. thick. Type collected on the bark of a living trunk of Juniperus barbadensis at Cinchona, Jamaica, December 25-January 8, 1908-9, W. A. & Edna L. Murrill 484 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). Distrisurion: Known only from the type locality. 244 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 9 3. Marasmiellus purpureus (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Marasmius purpureus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc, 10: 299. 1868. Pileus thin, convex to plane, 18 mm. broad; surface purple, tomentose, margin sulcate: lamellae adnexed, distant, broad, purple, interspaces smooth: stipe eccentric, short, white, solid, increasing above, 2-4 mm. long. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. Hasitat: On stumps in woods. , DistRiBution: Known only from the type locality.. 17. PANELLUS P. Karst. Bidr. Finl. Nat. Folk 32: 96. 1879. Rhipidium Wallr. Fl. Crypt. Germ. 2: 742. 1833. Not Ripidium Trin. 1820. Hemicybe P. Karst. Bidr. Fini. Nat. Folk 32: 248. 1879. Pileus fleshy-tough to slightly woody, reviving, dimidiate: lamellae radiating from a lateral point: spores hyaline: stipe lateral or none: veil none. Type species, Panellus stypticus (Bull.) P. Karst. Hymenophore 1-3 cm. broad, isabelline; context strongly astringent; stipe . short, lateral. 1. P. stypticus. Hymenophore not as above. . Tropical species. Lamellae very crowded and narrow. Pileus avellaneous. Pileus white or yellowish. : Lameilae dichotomous, the edges quite obtuse. Lamellae not dichotomous, the edges thin. Stipe tomentose, distinct. Stipe glabrous, usually a mere tubercle. Lamellae rather distant and broader; pileus sessile. Temperate species. Pileus 1-3 em. broad. Surface of pileus umbrinous, fading to white; lamellae um- brinous to black. 7. P. dealbatus. Surface of pileus ochraceous to luteous; lamellae white or yellowish. 8. P. haematopus. Pileus 5-10 cm, broad. Surface of pileus conspicuously villose-tomentose, reddish- brown. 9. P. ursinus. Surface of pileus floccose-scrupose, radiate-costate, alutaceous. 10. P. vulpinus. . jalapensis. . cantharelloides. . subcantharelloides. . flabellatus. . eugrammus. itd oy 1. Panellus stypticus (Bull.) P. Karst. Bidr. Finl. Nat. Folk 32: 96. 1879. Agaricus styplicus Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 140. 1782. Panus stypticus Fries, Epicr. Myc. 399. 1838. Pileus tough, conchate, spatulate to reniform, about 1-3 cm. broad; surface isabelline to subfulvous, nearly even, zoned at times, the cuticle breaking into granules or small scales, margin entire or lobed, incurved when young: context thin, firm, rather tough, watery-white, taste not always evident at once, but becoming strongly acrid and astringent; lamellae narrow, thin, crowded, interveined, isabelline, determinate: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 2-4 X1~3 p: stipe lateral, short, swollen above, solid, compressed, pruinose, pale-isabelline or dull-white above, darker below. TYPE LOCALITY: France. Hasrtrat: On stumps of deciduous trees in woods. DistRiBuTION: Temperate North America; Sir John Peak, Jamaica, and Jalapa, Vera Cruz; also in Europe and Asia. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 140; Gill. Champ. Fr. pl. 248 (510); Hard, Mushrooms f. 178; Hussey, Ill. Brit. Myc. 2: pl. 8; Mycologia 3: pl. 40, f. 16; Sow. Engl. Fungi pl. 104. 2. Panellus jalapensis Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus rather thin, opaque, petal-shaped, convex, cespitose, 2-4 cm. broad; surface finely striate, pubescent to glabrous, tomentose behind, avellaneous, margin nearly white, isabelline and strongly incurved on drying: context fleshy, white, with a sweet, farinaceous taste; lamellae white, narrow, crowded, inserted, not forked, very attenuate and decurrent behind, the edges slightly toothed at times, especially toward the margin: stipe very short, eccentric to nearly lateral, tapering to the base, white, tomentose, 5-8 mm. long, about 2—4 mm. thick. Type collected on a log in woods near Jala ya, Mexico, D b — Murr ith (eae Ne een, na, Jalap exico, December 12-20, 1909, W. A. & Edna L. DIsTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. Part 4, 1915] AGARICACEAE 245 3. Panellus cantharelloides Mont. Ann. Sci. Nat. IV. 1: 120. 1854. Pileus soft-coriaceous, thin, flabelliform, more or less umbilicate, 2 cm. broad; surface white or yellowish, glabrous, lobed and faintly striate on the margin: lamellae short-decurrent, densely crowded, dichotomous, very narrow, the edges entire and quite obtuse: stipe eccentric to nearly lateral, glabrous, concolorous, woody, 3-4 cm. long, 2 cm. thick. TYPE LocaLity: French Guiana. Hasirat: On fallen dead wood. DIstRIBUTION: Cuba, Guadeloupe, and Martinique; also in Guiana. 4. Panellus subcantharelloides Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus flabelliform to subcircular, thin, fleshy-tough, umbilicate to somewhat infundibuli- form, solitary to gregarious, 3-4 cm. broad; surface white, glabrous, pruinose at the center, margin entire, concolorous, usually inflexed on drying: lamellae decurrent, several times inserted, not dichotomous, very narrow and very crowded, thin, white: spores ovoid, smooth, hyaline, 5X3 u: stipe short, tapering upward, white, tomentose, woody, about I cm. long and 2-3 mm. thick. Type collected on an old root at the base of El Yunque Mountain, Cuba, March, 1903, L. M. Underwood & F. S. Earle 1320 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 5. Panellus flabellatus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus sessile or with a very short lateral stipe, flabelliform, usually convex and more or less irregular, very thin, imbricate-cespitose, 3-6 cm. Jong and 6-10 cm. broad; surface glabrous, smooth, white to cremeous or ochraceous, margin concolorous, irregular or lobed: context thin, fleshy-tough, with rather pleasant taste and odor: lamellae extremely crowded and narrow, inserted but not forked, white to ochraceous, the edges entire: spores ovoid, smooth, hyaline, 53-4 uw: stipe a mere lateral tubercle, at times reaching 1 cm. in length, white, glabrous or slightly pruinose, marked with the decurrent lamellae. ‘Type collected on a fallen log in dense woods near Jalapa, Mexico, December 12-20, 1909, W. A. & Edna L. Murrill 201 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DisTRIBUTION: Vera Cruz; also in Venezuela. 6. Panellus eugrammus (Mont.) Murrill. Agaricus (Pleurotus) eugrammus Mont. Ann. Sci. Nat. IT. 8: 366. 1837, Lentinus eugrammus Mont. Pl. Cell. Cuba 414. 1842. Agaricus lobulatus Lév. Ann. Sci. Nat. III. 5: 116. 1846. Panus eugrammus Fries, Nova Acta Soc. Sci. Upsal. III. 1:40. 1851. Panus Wrightit Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 299. 1868. Panus applanatus Massee, Jour. Bot. 30: 196. 1892. Phyllotus imbricatus Earle, Inf. An. Estac. Centr. Agron. Cuba 1: 233. 1906. Phyllotus hygrophanus Harle, Inf. An. Estac. Centr. Agron. Cuba 1: 233. 1906. Geopetalum album Earle, Inf. An. Estac. Centr. Agron. Cuba 1: 234. 1906. Pileus sessile, coriaceous-membranous, tough, dimidiate, reniform, 2-6 cm. broad; surface subtomentose, often smooth, pallid to reddish-cervinous, thinly and radiately lined, margin expanded, at length flabelliform-ovate, radiate-sulcate when moist, lobed: lamellae simple, dimidiate, decurrent, broad, rather distant, concolorous, becoming reddish: spores ellipsoid, 6X3 uw: stipe short or obsolete, white. TyPE LocaLIty: Cuba. Hapirat: Various forms of dead wood. DIstRIBUTION: Throughout tropical America at low elevations. InLustRations: Inf. An, Estac. Centr. Agron. Cuba 1: pl. 30, 34; Mont. Pl. Cell. Cuba 91. 17, f. 2. 7. Panellus dealbatus (Berk.) Murrill. Panus dealbaius Berk. Lond. Jour. Bot. 6:317. 1847. Pileus soft-coriaceous, flabelliform, sometimes lobed, 2 cm. broad; surface umbrinous when fresh, white with dark border on drying, minutely cracked as if whitewashed, margin striate: lamellae not interveined, distinct, decurrent, narrow, umbrinous to blackish, sometimes with 246 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VOLUME 9 white edges: spores oblong-ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 73.5 u: stipe lateral, dilated upward, often canaliculate, compressed, concolorous, dealbate, 6 mm. or more long. TYPE LOCALITY: Waynesville, Ohio. i Hasrrat: On dead branches and trunks of deciduous trees. Distripution: New York, Ohio, Missouri, North Carolina, and Alabama. 8. Panellus haematopus (Berk.) Murrill. Lentinus haematopus Berk. Grevillea 1:33, 1872. Lentinus anisatus P. Henn. Verh. Bot. Ver. Prov. Brand. 39: ve. 1898. Pileus thin, plane, umbilicate or centrally depressed, about 32.5 cm.; surface hygro- phanous, glabrous, ochraceous with a luteous tint, margin lobed: context having a very fragrant odor; lamellae plane or slightly ventricose, inserted, minutely serrate at times, anastomosing at the base, not crowded, white to cream-colored: spores ellipsoid, hyaline, 1—-2-guttulate, 6-7 X3-4 mu: stipe short or obsolete, firm, eccentric, glabrous, blood-red and almost laccate at the base, 4-6 mm. long, about 4 mm. thick. TYPE Locality: North America. : Hasitat: Dead branches and trunks of maple, willow, and certain other deciduous trees. DistriBuTion: New England to North Carolina and west to Michigan; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATION: Boud. Ic. Myc. ol. &12. Exsiccati: Sydow, Myc. Mar. 4702. 9. Panellus ursinus (Fries) Murrill. Agaricus ursinus Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 185. 1821. Lentinus ursinus Fries, Epicr. Myc. 395. 1838. Pileus fleshy to fleshy-tough, dimidiate or conchate to semiorbicular, often imbricate, 5-10 cm. broad; surface even on the margin, at first whitish and glabrous, then reddish-brown and hairy or tomentose toward the base; context whitish, having an acrid taste and rather strong odor; lamellae broad, lacerate or dentate on the edges, white to dull-rosy-avellaneous: spores minute, globose, uninucleate, smooth, hyaline, 3~—4 u. ~ TYPE LOCALITY: Sweden. HasirarT: On decaying wood. DISTRIBUTION: Eastern North America; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATION: Bres. Fungi Trid. pi. 66. Exsiccati: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 1923. 10. Panellus vulpinus (Sow.) Murrill. Agaricus vulpinus Sow. Engl. Fungi pl. 361. 1802. Lentinus vulpinus Fries, Syn. Gen. Lent. 13. 1836. Pileus soft-fleshy, sessile, reniform-conchate, imbricate-multiplex, 5-10 cm. broad; surface corrugate, longitudinally costate, floccose-scrupose, alutaceous, margin incurved, entire, dis- colored with age: context fleshy to somewhat tough, white; lamellae crowded, broad, dentate- lacerate, white: spores subglobose, smooth, hyaline, 3~4 y. Type Locatity: Islington, England. Hastrat: Stumps and logs of elm and certain other trees. DISTRIBUTION: Eastern United States. Intustrations: Fries, Ic. Hymen. pl. 176, f. 1; Sow. Engl. Fungi pl. 361. DovustTFul, SPECIES Lentinus castoreus Fries, Epicr. Myc. 395. 1838. Erroneously reported from Cuba. Lentinus pilosus Fries, Epicr. Myc. 395. 1838. (Agaricus (Pleurotus) pilosus Fries, Linnaea 5:508. 1830.) Described from Beyrich’s collections in Brazil. No authentic material has been found, either from Brazil or Mexico. Lentinus (Resupinatus) proboscideus Fries, Nova Acta Soc, Sci. Upsal. III. 1: 38, 1851. Collected by Oersted in Costa Rica and said by Fries to be related to L. castoreus. Lentinus Verae-Crucis Berk.; Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linu. Soc. 10: 303. 1868. Described from Vera Cruz, Mexico, as flabelliform, white, farinaceous-tomentose, 2.5-4 cm. broad; lamellae distant, entire, broad; stipe short, farinaceous. Panus Robinsonii Mont. Syll. Crypt. 149. 1856. The type specimens, collected near Part 4, 1915] AGARICACEAE 247 Columbus, Ohio, have the size and appearance of Melanoleuca lateraria, a species with very much crowded lamellae. Panus Sullivantii Mont. Syll. Crypt. 149. 1856. Described from Columbus, Ohio. The type specimens resemble Collybia. 18. TECTELLA Earle, Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 5: 433. 1909. Pileus reviving, resupinate, poculate, fasciculate: lamellae concentric from a central point: spores hyaline: veil soon vanishing. Type species, Panus operculatus Berk. & Curt. 1. Tectella patellaris (Fries) Murrill. Panus patellaris Fries, Epicr. Myc. 400. 1838. Panus operculatus Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. III. 4: 296. 1859. Tectella operculata Earle, Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 5: 433. 1909. Pileus fasciculate-erumpent, cupuliform, apex affixed, 12-14 mm. broad; surface rufous, furfuraceo-villous to glabrate: lamellae at first covered by a veil, narrow, thin. TYPE LOCALITY: Sweden. Hasitat: Dead branches of beech, alder, willow, and birch. DISTRIBUTION: Canada to Louisiana i in eastern North America; also in a eas ILLUSTRATIONS: Cooke, Brit. Fungi pl. 1144 C; Fries, Ic. Myc. pl. 176, f. 3 ExsiccatTi: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 2010. 19. HELIOMYCES Lévy. Ann. Sci. Nat. III. 2:177. 1844. Pileus circular, thin, subgelatinous, reviving: lamellae adnexed, adnate, or decurrent: spores hyaline: stipe central, slender, tubular, horny: veil none. Type species, Heliomyces elegans Lev. Lamellae few, distant. Species growing in the soil; lamellae decurrent. 1. H. terrestris. Species growing on decayed wood. Pileus white or pallid, not becoming darker on drying. Pileus scarcely 1 cm. broad; lamellae decurrent. Pileus 1-2 cm. broad; lamellae adnate. Pileus some shade of yellow or brown, or becoming so on drying. Pileus avellaneous or pale-bay, at least when dry. HT. ivanslucens, AI. striatus. why Pileus 2 cm. or less broad. 4. H. subavellaneus. Pileus 3-6 cm. broad. Pileus deeply umbilicate or infundibuliform. 5. H. subspodoides. Pileus plane or only slightly depressed. 6. H. hondurensis. Pileus pallid, tinged with yellow or latericeous, at least when dry. Pileus and lamellae white or pallid, becoming yellowish on drying. 7. H. Peckii. Pileus and lamellae tinged with latericeous when dry. 8. H. rubritinctus. Pileus and lamellae white, becoming reddish or brown on drying; the only temperate ‘Species. 9. H. decolorans. Lamellae numerous, crowded; species growing on decayed wood. . Hymenophore solitary. 10. H. angustifolius, Hymenophore cespitose. Pileus umbilicate; lamellae interveined. 11. H. multifolius. Pileus umbonate; lamellae not interveined. 12. H. foetens. 1. Heliomyces terrestris Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex to subexpanded, umbilicate, gregarious, 1 cm. broad; surface smooth, gla- brous, striate over the lamellae, pallid, becoming yellowish on drying, margin entire, con- colorous, inflexed on drying: lamellae distinctly decurrent, broad, distant, not interveined, white: stipe smooth, glabrous, pallid to pale-reddish-brown, equal, hollow, 2-3 cm. long, 1 mm. thick. Type collected in soil in British Honduras, 1906, Morton E. Peck (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DIstRiBuTIon: Known only from the type locality. 2. Heliomyces translucens Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus small, thin, entirely translucent, deeply umbilicate, solitary, rea¢hing 1 cm. broad; surface pellucid, smooth, glabrous, striate over the lamellae, margin entire, inflexed on drying: 248 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VOLUME 9 lamellae narrow, distant, not interveined, decurrent, white: stipe smooth, glabrous, white, slender, hollow, not twisted on drying, 2-2.5 cm. long, 0.5 mm. thick. Type collected on dead wood in British Honduras, 1906, Morton E. Peck (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRISUTION: Known only from the type locality. 3. Heliomyces striatus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex to expanded or slightly depressed, translucent entirely to the center, gre- garious, 1-2 cm. broad; surface smooth, glabrous, shining, pallid, appearing like a thin animal membrane, striate over the lamellae from center to margin, the striations more conspicuous on drying, margin entire, not inflexed on drying: lamellae very narrow and distant, attenuate toward the margin, adnate, twice inserted, not interveined, white: stipe hollow, smooth, gla- brous, slightly tapering upward, bay to dark-chestnut, 4-5 cm. long, 1-2 mm. thick. Type collected on dead wood in British Honduras, 1906, Morton E. Peck (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DistRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 4, Heliomyces subavellaneus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex to expanded, slightly depressed, subtranslucent except at the disk, gre- garious, 1.5-2 cm. broad; surface smooth, glabrous, striate over the lamellae, the striations gray or black in dried specimens, avellaneous or with a pale-fuliginous tint, darker at the center, margin concolorous, entire, inflexed on drying: lamellae distant, narrow, a few short cnes inserted, not interveined, decurrent, white to discolored: stipe expanded and whitish-pruinose at the apex, glabrous and blackish-brown below, hollow, compressed on drying, 2.5 cm. long, 1.5-2 mm. thick. Type collected on a mossy log near Rio Prieto, Porto Rico, 690-1035 m., August 10-15, 1914, J.A. Shafer 3690 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Porto Rico and British Honduras. 5. Heliomyces subspodoides Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus membranous, translucent, convex, deeply umbilicate, reaching 4 cm. broad; surface conspicuously striate over the lamellae, hygrophanous, pallid to discolored, margin entire, very thin, not incurved on drying: lamellae several times inserted, very narrow, atten- uate at both ends, connected by anastomosing veins, distant, pallid, decurrent, not rounded behind: stipe increasing below, smooth, glabrous, rather stout, hollow, pallid, about 3 cm. long and 3-5 mm. thick. Type collected on dead wood in British Honduras, 1906, Morton E. Peck (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. : 6. Heliomyces hondurensis Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex to subexpanded, entirely translucent except at the center, not umbonate, at times slightly depressed, scattered, reaching 4 cm. broad; surface smooth, glabrous, striate over the lamellae, pallid, pale-bay on drying, margin entire, concolorous: lamellae of medium breadth, distant, 2 or 3 times inserted, adnate, not interveined, white to discolored: stipe slender, grayish-pruinose to glabrous and brownish, smooth, slightly twisted and longitudinally grooved on drying, 4-7 cm. long, 2-3 mm. thick. Type collected on dead wood in British Honduras, 1906, Morton E. Peck (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 7. Heliomyces Peckii Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex to plane, slightly umbonate, becoming depressed around the umbo, trans- lucent at the margin, gregarious, 1-2 cm. broad; surface smooth, pruinose to glabrous, striate over the lamellae, at least when dry, pallid, tinged with yellow on drying, margin entire, concolorous: lamellae rather broad, distant, twice inserted, not interveined, adnate, broad and rounded behind, attenuate toward the margin, white, becoming yellowish and very undulate on drying: stipe pruinose to glabrous, grooved and enlarged at the apex, slender and equal below, pallid or avellaneous, hollow, twisted on drying, whitish at the base, 3~4 cm. long, 1-1.5 mim. thick. ‘Type collected on dead wood in British Honduras, 1906, Morion E DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. Dinara tece tse nara ace De Sena Part 4, 1915] AGARICACEAE 249 8. Heliomyces rubritinctus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex to plane, slightly umbonate when young, entirely subtranslucent, gregarious, 1-2 cm. broad; surface smooth, glabrous, striate over the lamellae, pallid with a latericeous tint which becomes very pronounced on drying, margin entire, concolorous: lamellae distant, twice inserted, not interveined, adnexed, of medium breadth for the genus, latericeous when dry: stipe smooth, glabrous, pallid or grayish, slender, equal, twisted on drying, at times reddish-tinged, 2-3 em. long, 1 mm. thick. Type collected on dead wood in British Honduras, 1906, Morton E. Peck (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DistriBuTION: Known only from the type locality. 9. Heliomyces decolorans Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ITT. 4: 295. 1859. Pileus slightly irregular, convex to expanded, solitary to gregarious, 2-3 cm. broad; surface white, changing to reddish or brownish when dried, deeply sulcate-striate, glabrous, rugose: lamellae adnexed to-slightly decurrent, rather broad, distant, unequal, white, changing like the surface on drying: stipe central, very slender, horny, glabrous, white, discolored, 2.5-5 em. long. TYPE LocaLity: Alabama. Hapirat: On fallen dead branches and leaves, DistTRIBUTION: Alabama and Mississippi. Exsiccati: Rav. Fungi Car. 5: 7. 10. Heliomyces angustifolius Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex to subexpanded, slightly depressed on the disk, subtranslucent except at the center, solitary, 3 cm. broad; surface smooth, glabrous, multistriate over the lamellae, pallid with darker center, becoming bay or chestnut on drying, margin entire, white to pallid, not inflexed on drying: lamellae adnate, narrow, crowded, twice inserted, not interveined, white to discolored: stipe cylindric, enlarged at the apex and base, grayish-pruinose, not glabrescent, compressed and rigid when dry, 4 cm. long, 1.5-2.5 mm. thick. Type collected on dead wood in British Honduras, 1906, Morton E. Peck (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DIsTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 11. Heliomyces multifolius Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex to plane, usually umbilicate, entirely translucent, densely cespitose, 1.5-2 em. broad; surface smooth, glabrous, multistriate over the lamellae, pallid with a yellowish tint, slightly darker at the center, margin very thin, becoming eroded with age: lamellae ex- ceedingly numerous, narrow and crowded, interveined, many of them forked, slightly decurrent, white: stipe slender, smooth, glabrous, equal, hollow, compressed on drying, 3~4 cm. long, 1-2 mim, thick. Type collected on dead wood in British Honduras, 1906, Morton E. Peck (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DisTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 12. Heliomyces foetens Pat. Jour. de Bot. 3: 337. 1889. Pileus thin, membranous, orbicular, umbonate, cespitose, 1.5-3 cm. broad; surface gla- brous, reddish, margin pellucid, lacerate: lamellae adnexed, numerous, very narrow, equal, not anastomosing: spores ovoid, smooth, hyaline, 64 u: stipe central, slender, rigid, enlarged at the apex, glabrous, slightly striate, 6-8 cm. long, 1-2 mm. thick. TyPE LocaLity: Martinique. Hasirat: On dead Wood of Prunus occidentalis. DIstRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. DOUBTFUL SPECIES Agaricus (Hiatula) crenulatus Fries, Nova Acta Soc. Sci. Upsal. III. 1:27. 1851. Col- lected by Oersted on the island of San Lucas, on the west coast of Costa Rica. A good sketch is to be seen at Copenhagen, but no specimens. 250 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 20. MARASMIUS* Fries, Gen. Hymen. 9. 1836. Eomycenella Atk. Bot. Gaz. 34:37. 1902. Mycetinis Earle, Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 5: 414. 1909. Collybiopsis Earle, Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 5: 415. 1909. Scorieus Earle, Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 5:415. 1909. Pileus tough-fleshy to membranous, usually epixylous, reviving when moistened; surface variously colored, often sulcate or striate, not zonate, dry, glabrous or rarely minutely tomen- tose or pruinose, the margin involute or straight when young: context more or less tough and dry, sometimes soft-fleshy but not brittle; lamellae dry, rather thin, often interveined but seldom forking, developing slowly, rarely remaining very narrow and almost vein-like: spores hyaline, smooth (angular in one species), usually ellipsoid, maturing slowly and unequally so that it is. often difficult to find ripe spores in dried plants: stipe central or somewhat eccentric, slender, tough, stuffed or hollow: veil none. Type species, Marasmius androsaceus (1,.) Fries. Species occurring in tropical North America. I. Species occurring in temperate North America. Il, I. SPECIES OCCURRING IN TROPICAL NORTH AMERICA Pileus minute, 1-3 mm. broad (reaching 4 mm. in M. Hioramt). Surface of pileus white or whitish, rarely darker on the disk. Disk blackish and papillate. 1. M. Peckii. Disk white or pallid. Stipe 4-10 mm. long. Pileus 1-2 mm. broad. Surface subpellucid, pruinose. 2. M. petiolorum. Surface opaque, glabrous. 3. M. Marblece. Pileus 2~3 mm. broad. Surface subtranslucent, glabrous. 4. M. subtenerrimus. Surface opaque, pulverulent. 5. M. bermudensis. Stipe 10-20 mm. long. : Pileus umbilicate. Stipe pallid, 1-1.5 cm. long. 6. M. theobromicola. Stipe fulvous, 2.5 em. or more long. 7. M. chrysochaetes. Pileus not umbilicate. Stipe pallid throughout. 8. M. proletarius. Stipe pale-yellow below. 9. M. inaequalis. Surface of pileus pale-yellow. Lamellae adnate; pileus 3 mm. broad. 10. M. subglobosus. Lamellae decurrent; pileus 1 mm. broad. 11, M. flaveilus. Surface of pileus brownish-cinnamon; pileus convex; lamellae distant, pallid; stipe 2 mm. long. 12. M. nanus. Surface of pileus umbrinous; pileus hemispheric; lamellae few, pallid. 13. M. guyanensis. Surface of pileus bay, blackish and papillate at the center; pileus 2-4 mm. broad. 14. M. Hiorami. Pileus small, 3-10 mm. broad. Surface of pileus white or pallid, rarely slightly darker at the center. Stipe white or pallid throughout. Stipe glabrous. Lamellae free; stipe 10-12 mm. long. 15. M. stylobates. Lamellae decurrent; stipe 1.5-4 cm. long. Stipe 1.5-2 cm. long. 16, M. praedecurrens. _ Stipe 4 cm. long. 17. M. niveicolor. Stipe minutely pruinose or floccose, sometimes becoming sub- glabrous. Pileus scarcely 5 mm. broad, not striate; lamellae crowded. 18. M. seiulosipes. Pileus 6-10 mm. broad, striate; lamellae distant. 19. M. synodicus. Stipe brownish or blackish below. Stipe 1 cm. or less long. Lamellae adnate; pileus usually darker on the disk. 20. M. Earlei. Lamellae decurrent; pileus not darker on the disk. 21. M. pruinosulus. Stipe 2-3 ae : lamellae adnate. Pileus umbilicate, unicolorous. 22. M. praeiortipes. _ Pileus umbonate, slightly darker at the center. 3. M. Pea eee Stipe 5-8 cm. long; lamellae free; plant terrestrial. 4, M. glebigenus. aed of pileus pale-avellaneous or pale-isabelline, fading to white on rying. Stipe 1 cm. long. 25. M. graminis. Stipe 4 cm. long. 26. M. subrotula. Surface of pileus ochraceous, darker on the disk; pileus 2-4 mm. broad: stipe blackish, 1 cm. long. 29. M. Crescentiae. * The entire treatment of the temperate species of Marasmius here includ i * TE p ed, togeth h description of the genus, has been contributed by LeicH H PRNnINGTON. psa Part 4, 1915] AGARICACHAE Surface of pileus fulvous. Pileus 3-4 mm. broad; densely cespitose. Pileus 6-10 mm. broad. Stipe pellucid. Stipe fulvous to brown. Pileus 6 mm. broad; lamellae crowded. Pileus 10 mm. broad; lamellae distant. Stipe blackish, Stipe reddish-brown. Surface of pileus avellaneous to umbrinous or brown, often tinged with rose or bay, not fading to white on drying. Stipe less than 2 cm. long. Stipe black. Stipe not black. Lamellae cream-colored. Lamellae pale-fuscous. Stipe more than 2 cm. long. Stipe 2-3 cm. long. Stipe 4-6 cm. long. Surface of pileus blackish-blue-green; pileus 8 mm. broad; stipe 12 mm. long. Surface of pileus pale-red, fading to isabelline on drying; pileus 5-8 mm. broad; stipe 2-2.5 cm. long. Surface of pileus bay. Pileus 5 mm. broad. Pileus 5-10 mm. broad. Lamellae pallid; stipe glabrous. Lamellae adnexed; stipe 0.5-1 mm. thick. Lamellae adnate to a slight collar; stipe 0.5 mm. thick. Lamellae fulvous; stipe pubescent. Surface of pileus dark-purple; lamellae few, dark-purple on the edges when young. Pileus medium to large, more than 1 cm. broad. Surface of pileus mostly white or pallid, sometimes darker at the center. Pileus becoming eccentric; stipe usually rather short and curved. Stipe white above, reddish-brown below. Stipe rosy-isabelline throughout. Pileus 1-1.5 cm. broad. Pileus 2 cm. broad. Pileus never eccentric; stipe long, erect. Pileus plane, umbonate, 12-18 mm. broad; lamellae distant. Stipe 0.5 mm. thick. Stipe 1-1.5 mm. thick. Pileus convex to subexpanded, not umbonate, 0.5-2 ecm. broad; lamellae subcrowded. Pileus conspicuously depressed, 4-6 cm. broad. Surface of pileus white to plumbeous, umbilicate, 12 mm. broad; stipe twisted, 6-8 cm. long. Surface of pileus pale-green. Surface of pileus isabelline or fulvous, sometimes with grayish tints. Pileus 1-3 cm. broad, rarely larger in M. montanus. Pileus convex, rarely fully expanding, umbonate or gibbous. Stipe 3 em. long. Stipe 4-8 em. long. Pileus gibbous; lamellae crowded. Stipe grayish-pulverulent. Stipe glabrous, polished. Pileus prominently umbonate; lamellae not crowded. Pileus plane or depressed, never umbonate. Stipe glabrous. Lamellae white. Lamellae fulvous. Stipe pruinose, becoming subglabrous at times. Stipe 5 mm. thick; species terrestrial. Stipe 1-2 mm. thick; species not terrestrial. Stipe densely velvety-pruinose. Stipe whitish-pulverulent to subglabrous. Pileus 7-15 mm. broad. Pileus 2-4 cm. broad. Pileus plane. Pileus umbilicate or depressed. Pileus 4-7 cm. broad. . Lamellae free; stipe 2.5 cm. long. Lamellae adnate; stipe 5 cm. long. Surface of pileus bay, chestnut, reddish, or ferruginous. Lamellae crowded and connected by conspicuous reticulate veins. Lamellae distant, not conspicuously connected by veins. Pileus ferruginous, 4 em. broad. Pileus bay or chestnut, not more than 2 em. broad. KEKE © KS ESE REE = SES SE SK SE EE S SSS = & ES SE 5 5 & 5S 261 aciculaeformis. hinnuleus. personatus, sulcatipes. rugulosus. musicola, picipes. Underwoodit. tenebrarum. colimensis. soliformis. atroviridis. pallescens, jamaicensis, Wilsonii. paucifolia. portoricensis. atropurpureus. stenophyllus, troyanus. subplexifolius, albofuscus. cubensis. hinnuleiformis. clitocybiformis. tortipes. viridifuscus. Harrisii, cinereialbus. jalapensis. obsoletus. putredinis. coracicolor. pruinosifolius., cervinicolor, bahamensis. hemileucus. montanus. . fibvosipes. subpruinosus. : polyporoides. Berteroi. 252 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA Stipe pruinose to glabrous, 2.5 cm. long. Stipe glabrous and shining from the first, 3-6 cm. long. Lamellae about 12-16 in number. Lamellae about 8 in number. Surface of pileus some shade of purple or violet. Surface pale-purple, fading to whitish on drying; lamellae decurrent; pileus infundibuliform. : . Surface purple or violet, not fading to whitish on drying. Pileus about 2 cm. broad. Lamellae pallid. Lamellae blackish-purple. Pileus 2~6 cm. broad. Surface of pileus brown or somewhat blackish. Surface pale-fuscous; lamellae adnexed; pileus convex. Surface brown, rarely tinged with violet. Stipe less than 1 em. long. Stipe 2 cm. or more Jong. Pileus becoming distinctly depressed; lamellae not crowded. Lamellae decurrent. Lamellae adnate. Pileus convex to plane; lamellae crowded. II. Pileus fleshy or subfleshy, 1 cm. or more broad; stipe more or less tomentose or hairy, at least below; lamellae free or adnexed. Pileus white. Pileus not white, sometimes pallid in dried plants. Plants large, the pileus 2 cm. or more broad. Lamellae crowded. Plants with odor and taste strong of onions. Spores small. Spores 12-144 long. Plants without odor or taste of onions. Stipe smooth above. , Pileus umbonate; western plants. Pileus not umbonate; eastern plants. Stipe more or less tomentose throughout. Lamellae free, remote; stipe enlarged at the apex. Lamellae adnexed; stipe not enlarged at the apex. Stipe long and twisted; pileus usually pallescent. Stipe not long and twisted; pileus brown. Lamellae not crowded. Taste strong and acrid; lamellae usually becoming: reddish. Pileus purple. Pileus not purple. Lamellae broad. Lamellae narrow. Stipe long. Stipe short. Taste not strong and acrid. Plants dark-purplish-brown. Plants not dark-purplish-brown. Lamellae free, usually growing in lawns or grassy places. Lamellae adnexed, growing in woods. Stipe spongy, thickened at the base. Stipe short, neither spongy nor thick at the base. Lamellae not dark in dry plants. Lamellae becoming brown or reddish. Plants smaller, the pileus rarely 2 cm. broad. Stipe white or entirely covered with a white tomentum. ae small, 8-10 mm. broad; lamellae attached to a free collar. Pileus larger, 10-20 em. broad; lamellae adnexed. Stipe neither entirely white nor covered with a white tomentum. Pileus umbonate. Plants densely cespitose. Plants not densely cespitose. Lamellae broad behind. Lamellae narrow. Pileus not umbonate. Odor or taste strong or disagreeable. Lamellae annulate-adnexed; pileus umbilicate and striate. Lamellae not annulate-adnexed; pileus not um- bilicate. Lamellae few, distant; odor mephitic. Lamellae subcrowded; odor of onions. 73. M. 79. 80. 81. SPECIES OCCURRING IN TEMPERATE NorTH AMERICA 123. 82. 83. 87. 88. 84. 85. 86. 89. 90. 91. 92. 96. 93. 94. 95. 92. 131, 97. 87. 98. 99. 100. 101. 83. BE 5 8 SS 8 §§ 8 XS 88 8 5 SS 8 8S [ VOLUME 9 . badius. . haematocephalus. . tageticolor. . purpurascens. . Sevicipes. glaucopus. . tonides. . coracipes. . curtipes. . cyathiformis. . subcyathiformis. . Johnstonii. phyllophilus. polyphyllus. prasiosmus. washingtonensis. fasciatus, confluens. archiropus. multifolius. tocephalus. peronatus. subnudus. rubrophyllus. fuscopurpureus. caryophylleus. Spongiosus. dichrous. rubrophyllus. Olneii. Sutliffae. washingtonensis. trullisatipes. umbonatus. foetidus, Copelandi. prasiosmus. Part 4, 1915] AGARICACEAE Odor or taste neither strong nor disagreeable. Stipe slender, long-radicating; pileus red. Plants not as above. Stipe strigose-tomentose, at least in the lower part. ‘ Pileus striate or plicate. Stipe nearly smooth and dark above. Stipe white-pubescent above. Cystidia present. Cystidia absent. Pileus smooth, not striate. Some of the lamellae subdecurrent, darker in dry plants. Lamellae not decurrent, usually palles- cent. Stipe glabrous above. Stipe not glabrous above. Lameliae rather broad, adnexed. Lamellae narrow, adnate. Cystidia present. Cystidia absent. Stipe not strigose-tomentose. Margin of pileus little, if at all, striate. Stipe thickened upward, base tuberculose. Stipe not thickened upward, not tuber- culose. Lamellae broad. Lamellae narrow. Stipe long. Stipe short. Margin of pileus striate or plicate. Stipe long, even. Lamellae broad, ventricose, ciliate. Lamellae narrow, not ciliate. Stipe short, thickened upward. Pileus subfieshy to membranous; stipe smaooth, pruinose, or subtomentose; lamellae squarely adnate or decurrent. Pileus white. Lamellae decurrent. Pileus papillate. Spores 104 or more long. Spores less than 10, long. Lamellae close. Lamellae distant. Pileus not papillate. Lamellae broad. Stipe bulbous; growing upon soil and buried twigs; spores 7-9 » long. Stipe increasing upward; growing upon wood or other vegetable debris; spores 10-12» long. Lamellae narrow. oer rr and stipe with minute resinous particles or airs. Lamellae and stipe without resinous particles or hairs. Lamellae not decurrent. Cystidia present. Cystidia absent. Spores irregularly angular. Spores not angular. Odor strong. Odor not strong. Stipe hollow, base swollen above and contracted to a point below. Stipe of uniform thickness. Stipe very short, upon herbaceous plants in swamps. Stipe not very short. Pileus neither distinctly striate nor plicate, Stipe pallid. Stipe becoming reddish. Pileus distinctly striate or plicate. Lamellae narrow, adnexéd. : Lamellae broadly adnate. Pileus not white. Lamellae decurrent. Pileus yellow to ferruginous. Pileus neither yellow nor ferruginous. Stipe glabrous above. Stipe not glabrous above. Lamellae not decurrent. 102. eK RE 263 . elongatipes. . Semihirtipes. . castaneicolor. . biformis. contrarius. .. semihirtipes. M M . M. castaneicolor. M M _M so KE & SE XE és spongiosus. . velutipes. . dichrous. . subtomentosus. . subnudus. . rubrophyllus. . subpilosus, M . M. subnudus. M . dichrous. . M. magnisporus. . papillatus. . languidus. . vialis. . VM. magnisporus. - TeSinNOSUS, . Salignus. . Squamula, . nigripes. « perforans. - pracacutus. . caricicola. . opacus, . ramulinus. . phyllophilus. : BOS, . lomentosipes. alienus. . contrarius, 254 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA Piteus small, 3 mm. or less broad. Plant minute, pubescent. Plant not pubescent. Pileus smoky-brown, smooth. Pileus pale-straw-colored, striate. Piteus more than 3 mm. broad. Stipe beset with white or tawny hairs. Stipe not beset with hairs. Stipe brown or blackish. | ' Pileus becoming darker in dried plants. Pileus becoming paler in dried plants. Stipe smooth. Stipe tomentose. Stipe neither brown nor blackish. Stipe glabrous; pileus reddish-brown. Stipe farinaceous or subtomentose. Pileus white with a reddish disk. Stipe contracted to a point below. Stipe not contracted to a point below. Pileus rufescent. Pileus pale-yellowish-brown then whitish, pli- cate-striate. Pileus usually membranous; stipe smooth and shining except in a few small plants with a pileus less than 5 mm. broad. Plants small; pileus usually less than 3 mm. broad. Pileus white. Pileus 1-2 mm. broad, smooth. Pileus small, less than 1 mm., hairy under a lens. Pileus not white. Stipe pale-straw-colored. Stipe neither yellow nor straw-colored. Stipe blackish-brown, shining. Stipe pallid, brownish below. Cystidia present. Cystidia absent. Stipe white. Plants larger; pileus usually over 3 mm. broad. Pileus fleshy or subfleshy, membranous only in large plants. Plants with odor of onions. Plants without odor of onions. Pileus white or light-yellow. Stipe brown, mycelioid; cystidia present. Stipe reddish-brown, not mycelioid; cystidia absent. Pileus neither white nor light-yellow. Plants densely cespitose. Fastern plants. Western plants. Plants not densely cespitose. Cystidia present; lamellae broad. Cystidia absent. Pileus pale-pink or purplish. Pileus vinous-red or bay-brown. Pileus membranous. Pileus white. Lamellae attached to a free collar. Lamellae not attached to a free collar. Stipe black, paler at the apex. Stipe pale-straw-colored. Pileus not white. Lamellae attached to a free collar. Pileus alutaceous to umber, umbilicate. Pileus reddish-white, umbonate. J,ameliae not attached to a free collar. Pileus ochraceous, ochraceous-red, or brown. Cystidia present. Cystidia absent. Pileus not colored as above. Lamellae purplish-gray. Lamellae not purplish-gray. Pileus campanulate; maroon or vinous-red. Pileus convex to plane or depressed. Pileus red-brown or vinous-red. Pileus fuscous, pinkish, or rarely whitish. 1. Marasmius Peckii Murrill, sp. nov. [VoLUME 9 . M. minutissimus. . M. concinnus. . M. cucullatus. . M. elongatipes. . M. felix. . M. badiceps. . M, insititius. . M. leptopus. . M. praeacutus. . M. ramealis. . M, Olneit. . M, insititius. . M, filopes. . M. minutissimus. . M. cucullatus. . M. minutus. . M. pirinus. . M. thujinus. . M. concinnus. . M. alliatus. . M. delectans. . M. calopus. . M, fasciatus. . M. washingtonensis. . M, glabellus. . M. bellipes. . M, plicatulus., . M. rotula. . M., albiceps. . M. straminipes. . M. capillaris. . M. graminum. . M. glabellus. . M. stccus. . Mf. melanopus, . M. pulcherripes. . M. minutus. . M. androsaceus. Pileus minute, hemispheric, not expanding, umbilicate, gregarious, reaching 2 mm. broad; surface radiate-sulcate, finely rugose, glabrous, whitish or gray, blackish and papillate at the Parr 4, 1915] AGARICACEAE 255 center, margin entire, concolorous: lamellae very broad and distant, about 8 in number, attached to a collar, not interveined, pallid: stipe capillary, smooth, glabrous, shining, brown or blackish, inserted, 2-3 cm. long. ‘Type collected on dead leaves in British Honduras, 1906, Morion E. Peck (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DistrIBUTION: British Honduras and Porto Rico. 2. Marasmius petiolorum Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 296. 1868. Pileus convex to subplane, gregarious, 1 mm. broad; surface subpellucid, pruinose, margin striate: lamellae white, adnate, few, broad: stipe pruinose, pellucid, 6 mm. long. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. Hasrrat: On leaf petioles and nerves. DisTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 3. Marasmius Marbleae Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus minute, opaque, convex, not fully expanding, rarely subumbonate, gregarious, 2 mm. broad; surface white, not striate, subglabrous, smooth, margin entire, concolorous: lamellae adnate, rather broad, distant, interveined, firm, somewhat undulate on the edges, white: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 5-7 3-4 u: stipe filiform, minutely pulverulent, inserted, pale-bay, at least when dry, 4-6 mm. long, 0.2 mm. thick. Type collected on fallen dead sticks on the road between St. Paul and Derry, Cockpit Country, aig September 13-18, 1906, Elizabeth G. Britton & Delia W. Marble 340 (herb. N. Y. Bot. ard.). DISTRIBUTION: Cockpit Country, Jamaica. 4. Marasmius subtenerrimus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex when very young but soon becoming plane or slightly depressed, very thin and tough but somewhat translucent, gregarious, reaching 3 mm. broad; surface white, smooth, glabrous, appearing striate over the lamellae, margin irregular or slightly lobed, concolorous: lamellae few, forked, narrow, adnate or slightly decurrent, white: spores globose to ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, granular, 4-6 yu: stipe filiform, smooth, glabrous, white above, usually slightly pruinose below, expanding as it enters the leaf, 5-7 mm. long. Type collected on fallen dead leaves in British Honduras, 1906, Morton E. Peck (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DistrRIsutTION: Known only from the type locality. 5. Marasmius bermudensis Berk. Jour. Linn. Soc. 15:49. 1876. Pileus convex, 2 mm. broad; surface white, pulverulent, margin inflexed, subsulcate: lamellae short-adnate, distant, not interveined, pale-alutaceous when dry, edges white: stipe short, pellucid above, pulverulent below, 6-12 mm. long. ‘Tyee LOCALITY: Paynter’s Vale, Bermuda. Hasirat: On dead coffee wood. . DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 6. Marasmius theobromicola Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus hemispheric to convex, umbilicate, not expanding, small, gregarious, reaching 2 mm. broad; surface white, subpruinose, especially at the center, becoming glabrous, striate, margin entire, concolorous: lamellae adnate, very broad, few, distant, plane, not interveined, white: spores ovoid, smooth, hyaline, 5-6 X3-4 y; stipe filiform, white, smooth, glabrous, enlarged at the apex, whitish-mycelioid at the base, I-1.5 cm. long. Type collected on decayed cocoa pods in dense shade at ‘‘ The Bower,” St. George’s, Grenada, West Indies, September, 1905, W. E. Broadway (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 7. Marasmius chrysochaetes Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 297, 1868. Pileus convex, umbilicate, 2 mm. broad; surface white, margin sulcate: lamellae white, few, broad, with’a collar: stipe slender, elongate, glabrous, fulvous, 2.5 cm. or more long. TYPE Locatity: Cuba. Hasrtat: On dead leaves. DISTRIBUTION: Cuba. 256 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 8. Marasmius proletarius Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 296. 1868. Pileus gregarious, convex, 2 mm. broad; surface white, margin slightly sulcate, at first inflexed: lamellae plane or ventricose, broad, attached: stipe pallid, opaque, rigid, setiform, tomentose at the base, 12-18 mm. long. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. HastiraT: On dead sticks. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 9. Marasmius inaequalis Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 297. 1868. Pileus convex, 1-3 mm. broad; surface white, margin plicate: lamellae few, thick, obtuse, white: stipe elongate, with a white pellicle above, opaque and pale-yellow below, strigose at the base, 1-2 cm. long. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. * Hasrrar: On dead sticks. : DistRIBuTION: Known only from the type locality. 10. Marasmius subglobosus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 295. 1868. Pileus hemispheric, 3 mm. broad; surface flavid: lamellae concolorous, broad, adnate: stipe glabrous, sulcate, 6 mm. long, dilated at the base. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. Hasitat: On sticks in woods. DisTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 11. Marasmius flavellus (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Agaricus (Omphalia) flavellus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 286, 1868, Pileus convex, umbonate, solitary or gregarious, 1 mm. broad; surface sulfur-colored,pallid when dry, glabrous, striate, margin entire, inflexed on drying: lamellae decurrent, few, distant: stipe capillary, soon glabrous, slightly dilated at the apex, pallid, slightly brownish on drying, 0.5-1 cm. long, about’ 0.1 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba Hasirat: On sticks of woods. DISTRIBUTION: Cuba. 12. Marasmius nanus Massee, Jour. Bot. 30: 161. 1892. Pileus convex to subexpanded, obtuse, gregarious, 2mm. broad; surface dry, tough, smooth, glabrous, brownish-cinnamon, margin entire, concolorous: lamellae adnate, distant, pallid: spores subglobose, smooth, hyaline, about 4 4: stipe short, enlarged above, pallid, smouth, glabrous, 2 mm. long, with conspicuous, white, strigose, radiating mycelium at the base. Type LocaLity: Morne Cochon, St. Vincent. Hasitat: On dead trunks. DIsTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 13. Marasmius guyanensis Mont. Ann. Sci. Nat. IV.1:114. 1854. Pileus membranous, very thin, hemispheric, soon expanded; surface umbrinous, margin radiate-plicate, denticulate: lamellae pallid, scarcely reaching the stipe, very narrow, convex, attenuate at the ends, 8-12 in number: stipe glabrous, striatulate, floccose at the base, capillary. TYPE LOCALITY: Guiana. HasiraT: On dead leaves. DisTRIBUTION: Cuba; also in Guiana. InustTRarion: Ann. Sci. Nat. IV. 1: pl. 11, f. 5. 14. Marasmius Hiorami Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus membranous, hemispheric to convex, umbilicate, gregarious, 2-4 mm. broad: surface bay, glabrous, radiate-sulcate, appearing pulverulent under a lens, blackish and papillate at Part 4, 1915] AGARICACEAE 257 the center, margin entire, concolorous: lamellae about 12 in number, rather broad, adnate, somewhat arcuate, subconcolorous: stipe fuliginous to blackish, capillary, smooth, glabrous, polished, inserted, 2-3 cm. or more long. Type collected on dead leaves and fallen sticks in woods near San Juan, Porto Rico, November, 1912, Brother Hioram (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DisTRIBUTION: Porto Rico. 15. Marasmius stylobates Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 296. 1868. Pileus thin, convex to plane, 4 mm. broad; surface white, glabrous, margin inflexed, sulcate: lamellae white, free, broad, distant: stipe white, glabrous, hollow, base orbicular, 12 mm. long. Type LOCALITY: Cuba. Hasirat: On rotten wood. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 16. Marasmius praedecurrens Murrill, sp. nov. Pure-white throughout; pileus convex to nearly plane, umbonate when young, usually becoming depressed about the umbo with age, gregarious, 3-4 mm. broad; surface smooth, striate to pruinose, especially at the center, becoming more or less glabrous with age, margin very thin, entire: lamellae long-decurrent, of medium breadth, not crowded, not interveined: stipe filiform, smooth, glabrous, slightly enlarged at the apex, whitish-mycelioid at the base, slightly pruinose and usually much twisted on drying, 1.5-2 em. long. Type collected on moist ground among mosses and sticks in Bermuda, November 29-December 14, 1912, Brown, Brition, & Seaver 1383 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DistRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. ‘17. Marasmius niveicolor Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus conic to broadly convex with a subconic umbo, small and thin, pellucid, cespitose, 5-7 mm. broad; surface snow-white, smooth, glabrous, striate, finely pruinose under a lens, margin entire, concolorous: lamellae decurrent, broad, distant, inserted, white: spores ovoid, smooth, hyaline, granular, 7-8 X 3-4 uw: stipe very long and capillary, white, smooth, glabrous, 4m. long. Type collected on fallen dead wood at Motzoradngo, near Cordoba, Mexico, January 15, 1910, W. A. & Edna L. Murrill (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DistrisuTion: Known only from the type locality. 18. Marasmius setulosipes Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex to plane, small, thin, solitary, scarcely reaching 5 mm. broad; surface milk- white, unicolorous, glabrous, not striate, margin entire, concolorous: lamellae adnate, crowded, of medium breadth, not interveined, white: stipe slender, slightly tapering upward, grayish, not twisted on drying, densely covered with very minute, short, irregular, pointed hairs, which do not disappear with age, 1.5-2 cm. long, 1 mm. thick below, 0.5 mm. thick at the apex. Type collected on dead fallen leaves and sticks at Lake Cunningham, New Providence, Bahama Islands, September 8, 1904, Elizabeth G. Britton 651 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DIstRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 19. Marasmius synodicus (Kunze) Fries, Epicr. Myc. 381. 1838. Agaricus (Collybia) synodicus Kunze; Fries, Linnaea 5: 507. 1830. Marasmius dealbatus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 296. 1868. Marasmius catervatus Massee, Jour. Bot. 30: 161. 1892. Moarasmius cerussatus Pat.; Duss, Enum. Champ. Guad. 46. 1903. Pileus convex to expanded, varying from slightly umbonate to slightly depressed, gre- garious, 6-10 mm. broad; surface white or pallid, subpruinose to subglabrous, usually striate or sulcate, at least when dry, margin entire, concolorous: lamellae adnate, distant, inserted, forking, usually interveined, white or pallid: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 64 yu: stipe 258 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 9 whitish, floccose-pruinose to subglabrous, mycelioid at the base, subequal, usually increasing below, 1-2 cm. long, about 1 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Surinam. Hastrat: On dead sticks, leaf-stalks, grass, etc. . . DISTRIBUTION: Cuba, Porto Rico, Jamaica, and Guadeloupe; also in Surinam. ILLUSTRATIONS: Jour. Bot. 30: pl. 322, f. 15, 16. 20. Marasmius Earlei Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus small, opaque, convex to subexpanded, broadly but distinctly depressed at the center with age, gregarious, 3-5 mm. broad; surface finely pubescent to glabrous, whitish, smooth, not striate, usually discolored at the center, margin entire, concolorous, inflexed on drying: lamellae broad, adnate, very thin, irregular, several times inserted, ventricose, white, subdistant, scarcely interveined: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 6-7 X4-5 u: stipe filiform, rather short, smooth, glabrous, shining, bay above, blackish below, about 5 mm. long, 0.2 mm, thick. Type collected on a dead log at Castleton Gardens, Jamaica, October 28, 1902, F. S. Earle 269 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 21. Marasmius pruinosulus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex, obtuse, solitary, 5 mm. broad; surface white, smooth, minutely pruinose, margin entire, concolorous: lamellae decurrent, subdistant, narrow, white: stipe filiform, slightly enlarged at the base, white above, fuliginous below, pruinose, 1 cm. long, 0.5 mm. thick. Type collected on dead grass stems at Santiago de las Vegas, Cuba, October 16, 1904, F. S. Earle 284 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality, 22. Marasmius praetortipes Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex, umbilicate, solitary, 5-10 mm. broad; surface white, pruinose-fibrillose, margin irregularly sulcate: lamellae adnate-decurrent, few, forking and interveined, anasto- mosing, broad, thin, white: stipe filiform, inserted, densely pruinose-velvety, grayish-black, much twisted on drying, 2-3 cm. long, 1 mm. thick. Type collected on dead twigs at Hope Gardens, Jamaica, November 16, 1902, F. S. Earle 503 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DistrRrBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 23. Marasmius hondurensis Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex to subexpanded, umbonate, gregarious, 0.5-1 em. broad: surface white, slightly darker at the center, striate, glabrous except on the umbo, which is minutely hispid when young, margin thin, plicate and deflexed on drying: lamellae distant, broad, once or twice inserted, not interveined, rather firm and regular, adnate, white: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hy- aline, granular, 5-7 X3-4 uv: stipe pallid at the apex, black below, finely pubescent, slender, equal, inserted, 2 cm. long, 0.5 mm, thick. Type collected on dead sticks in British Honduras, 1906, Morton E. Peck (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 24. Marasmius glebigenus Fries, Nova Acta Soc. Sci. Upsal. III. 1: 31. 1851. Pileus very thin, membranous, campanulate to convex, umbilicate, 4-6 mm. broad; surface whitish, margin deeply plicate: lamellae equal, few, distant, broad, free, without a collar: stipe glabrous, blackish-brown, very slender, with a bulbous clod of earth at the base, capillary, tough, 5-8 cm. long. TYPE LOCALITY: Morningstar, Island of St. Croix, Danish West Indies, Haazirtat: On the ground. DISTRIBUTION: Known only. from the type locality. Part 4, 1915] AGARICACEAE 259 25. Marasmius graminis Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex to sttbexpanded, umbilicate, gregarious to subcespitose, 6-8 mm. broad; surface densely pulverulent, pale-avellaneous, fading to pallid or whitish, the disk darker, margin broadly sulcate: lamellae adnate, with an indistinct collar, distant, forking, rather narrow, white: stipe densely pruinose-floccose throughout, blackish beneath, but whitish or gray because of the pruinose coating, cylindric, firm, 1 cm. long, 0.5 mm. thick. Type collected on dead Bermuda grass on lawns at Santiago de las Vegas, Cuba, June 1, 1905, F. S. Earle 375 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 26. Marasmius subrotula Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus small, thin, convex to expanded, slightly umbonate, gregarious or cespitose, 5 mm. broad; surface broadly sulcate, pale-rosy-isabelline, yellowish on the disk, fading to white, pruinose to glabrous, margin entire, concolorous: lamellae adnate, not attached to a collar, few, very distant, not interveined, broad, thick, firm, white: stipe avellaneous to brownish, white at the apex, smooth, glabrous, shining, capillary, compressed, slightly whitish-mycelioid at the base, about 4 cm. long. Type collected on dead twigs at Hope Gardens, Jamaica, November 6, 1902, F. S. Earle 501 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DisTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 27. Marasmius Crescentiae Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus thin, convex, 2-4 mm. broad; surface ochraceous, darker on the disk, glabrous, margin radiate-rugose-sulcate: lamellae adnate, distant, broad, white: stipe bristle-like, gla- brous, blackish-brown, 1 cm. long, 0.5 mm. thick. Type collected on rotting fruits of Calabash, 5 miles east of Santiago de las Vegas, Cuba, Sep- tember 11, 1904, F. S. Earle 184 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DIstRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 28. Marasmius aciculaeformis Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10; 297, 1868. Pileus gregarious, densely cespitose, convex, 4 mm. broad; surface fulvous, margin scarcely sulcate: lamellae white, few: stipe setiform, rigid, glabrous, shining, subfulvous, 4 cm. long. TPE LOCALITY: Cuba, Hastrat: On sticks in woods. . DIstRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 29. Marasmius hinnuleus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 297. 1868. Pileus subconic, 8 mm. broad; surface fulvous, glabrous, shining, margin sulcate: lamellae adnexed, distant, thick; stipe pellucid, glabrous, strigose at the base, 2.5 cm. long. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. Hapsirat: On dead leaves. . DistRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 30. Marasmius personatus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 297. 1868. Pileus depressed, 6 mm. broad; surface pale-fulvous, margin striate: lamellae crowded, adnexed: stipe opaque, fulvous, glabrous, rigid, 4 cm. long, the base strigose, sulcate, orbicular. TypPH LocaALity: Cuba. Hasrrat: On dead leaves. . DIsTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 31. Marasmius sulcatipes Murrill, sp. nov. Pileug convex to expanded, fleshy, solitary, 1 cm. broad; surface glabrous, even, fulvous, margin entire, strongly inflexed on drying: lamellae adnate, distant, once or twice inserted, not 260 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 interveined, narrow, firm, pallid: stipe cylindric, enlarged at the apex, glabrous, pruinose at the base, brownish, longitudinally grooved, 3 cm. long, 1 mm. thick. Type collected on fallen dead leaves at Santiago de las Vegas, Cuba, August 20, 1904, F. S. Earle 152 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DisTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 32. Marasmius rugulosus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 294. 1868. Marasmius subcoracinus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 294. 1868. Pileus hemispheric to subexpanded, umbonate-depressed, solitary, 5-8 mm. broad; surface fulvous to subfuscous, rugose, darker on the umbo, glabrous, margin multisulcate: lamellae adnate, subdistant, white to discolored, ventricose: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, granular, 7-8 4-5 yz: stipe filiform, pubescent to subglabrous, fuscous to blackish-brown, 1-2 em. long, 0.5 mm. thick: rhizomorphs aerial, 5-10 cm. long, rarely branched, smooth, glabrous, black, about 0.5 mm, thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. Hastrat: On sticks and leaves in woods. DistrRiButTion: Cuba, Jamaica, and Mexico. 33, Marasmius musicola Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus small, thin, membranous, convex to subexpanded, slightly umbilicate, gregarious, reaching 1 cm. broad; surface glabrous, somewhat rugose, pale-fawn-colored, darker on the disk, fulvous on drying, margin entire, concolorous: lamellae few, very distant, slightly adnexed, broad, whitish: stipe capillary, compressed, often twisted, glabrous, shining, reddish-brown, inserted, 4 cm. long, 0.5 mm. thick. Type collected on decaying banana trash at Santiago de las Vegas, Cuba, June 17, 1904, F. S. Earle 85 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DrstRIBuTION: Cuba, 34. Marasmius picipes Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex to expanded, subdepressed, gregarious, 3~8 mm. broad; surface pale-fulvous, faintly sulcate-striate, minutely floccose-pritinose: lamellae adnate, subdistant, ventricose, white: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, pointed at one end, 6-7 X 3-4 u; stipe cylindric, capillary, smooth, glabrous, black, 1-2 cm. long, 0.5-1 mm. thick. Type collected on fallen leaves of rose-apple (Eugenia), five miles east of Santiago de las Vegas, Cuba, September 11, 1904, F. S. Farle 183 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DIsTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 35. Marasmius Underwoodii Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus depressed, umbonate, thin, submembranous, gregarious, 1 cm. broad; surface pale- brownish-flesh-colored, darker on the disk, margin entire, concolorous: lamellae adnate, crowded, narrow, cream-colored; spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 7X4: stipe equal, glabrous, con- colorous, attached to a dense superficial mat of mycelium, 1 cm. long, 1 mm. thick. Type collected on cocoanut petioles, at the base of El Yunque Mountain, Cuba, March, 1903, L. M. Underwood & F. S. Earle 895 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DistTR1IsuTion: Known only from the type locality. 36. Marasmius tenebrarum Berk. &-Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 294. 1868.” Pileus convex-umbilicate, thin, 8 mm. broad; surface pale-rufous, glabrous, margin radiate- striate: lamellae adnate, crowded, narrow, pale-fuscous: stipe glabrous, white, reddish when dry, thick, solid, 8 mm. long. : TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. Haprirat: On sticks in woods. DisTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. Part 4, 1915] AGARICACEAE 261 37. Marasmius colimensis Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex, not fully expanded, slightly depressed at the center, very thin, subtrans- lucent, gregarious, rarely subcespitose, 1 cm. broad; surface conspicuously striate over the lamellae, pale-chestnut, rosy-avellaneous on drying, finely pruinose to glabrous, margin entire, concolorous, somewhat deflexed on drying: lamellae white, distant, inserted, adnate, not interveined, rarely forking, narrow: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 5-6 uw: stipe slender, sub- concolorous, smooth, pruinose to glabrous, slightly twisted on drying, often whitish at the apex, whitish-mycelioid at the base, 2-3 cm. long, 1 mm. thick. Type collected in soil mixed with bits of leaves and sticks in an orchard at Colima, Mexico, January 3-4, 1910, W. A. & Edna L. Murrill 609 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard:). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 38. Marasmius soliformis Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex, not fully expanding, very thin, subtranslucent, solitary, 1 cm. btoad; surface glabrous, dull-isabelline with bay disk and conspictiousrays, entirely changing on drying, the disk and rays becoming white while the remainder is rosy-brown, margin entire, deflexed on drying: lamellae rather narrow, distant, adnate to the much enlarged apex of the stipe, inserted, not interveined, whitish-brown on the edges: stipe dull-bay or brownish, more or less covered with minute whitish pubescence, conspicuously whitish-pubescent at the expanded apex, long and slender, smooth, not striate, scarcely twisted on drying, only slightly expanding as it enters the leaf, 4-6 cm. Jong, 1 mm. thick. Type collected on fallen dead leaves on Sir John Peak, Jamaica, 2000 m. elevation, January 5, 1909, W. A. Murrill 789 (berb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DIstRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 39. Marasmius atroviridis Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 295. 1868. Pileus thin, depressed, 8 mm. broad; surface blackish-blue-green, glabrous; lamellae con- colorous, broad, crowded, adnexed: stipe glabrous, dilated above, 12 mm. long. ‘Type LOCALITY: Cuba. Hasrrat: On rotten wood in thickets. DiIsTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 40. Marasmius pallescens Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus campanulate to subexpanded, becoming slightly umbilicate, gregarious, 5-8 mm. broad; surface glabrous, conspicuously radiate-sulcate over the lamellae, pale-red, fading to isabelline on drying, margin entire, concolorous: lamellae very few and distant, about 10 in ntumber, white, not inserted, broadly adnate and ventricose, tapering toward the margin, interspaces entirely smooth and yellowish: stipe capillary, smooth, glabrous, avellaneous, fuli- ginous below, whitish-mycelioid at the base, 2-2.5 cm. long, 0.5 mm. thick. Type collected on leaves and sticks in woods at Rio Piedras, Porto Rico, August 18, 1912, John R. Johnston 556 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). ; DistRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 41, Marasmius jamaicensis Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus conic, not fully expanding, umbonate, membranous, gregarious, reaching 5 mm. broad; surface radiate-striate, becoming multisulcate on drying, unicolorous, bay, glabrous, not polished, margin entire, concolorous, deflexed and folded on drying: lamellae broad, rather crowded, adnexed, white: stipe slender, fili’--m, white or pallid, smooth, minutely pubescent to subglabrous, whitish-mycelioid at the base, 3-4 cm. long, scarcely 1 mm. thick. Type collected on fallen dead leaves at Port Maria, Jamaica, November 14, 1902, F. S. Earle 475 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). 7 DistRIBurion: Known only from the type locality. 42. Marasmius Wilsonii Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus very thin, membranous, convex to expanded, scarcely umbonate, gregarious, about 1 cm. broad: surface glabrous, unicolorous, light-bay, even, becoming slightly rugose on drying, 262 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuUME 9 margin subentire, concolorous, often splitting with age: lamellae adnexed, broad, pallid, distant, about 16 in number: stipe very long, equal, smooth, glabrous, pallid to very slightly brownish, yellowish-mycelioid at the base, 5-8 em. long, 0.5-1 mm. thick. Type collected on fallen dead leaves in the Luquitlo Mountains, Porto Rico, July, 1902, Percy Wilson 297 (herb. N. ¥. Bot. Gard.). : DrsTRIBsutTION: Known only from the type locality. 43. Marasmius paucifolius Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus sruall, very thin, convex to subexpanded, slightly gibbous on the disk, gregarious, 5-10 mm. broad; surface smooth, glabrous, rugose on the disk, bay, striate over the lamellae, margin broadly sinuate, entire, concolorous, incurved on drying: lamellae very few and distant, 8-12 in number, attenuate at both ends, ventricose, narrow, adnate to a slight collar, pallid to slightly yellowish, interspaces entirely smooth: stipe capillary, smooth, glabrous, shining, avellaneous to subfuscous, 4-6 cm. long, 0.5 mm. thick. Type collected on dead leaves at Rio Piedras, Porto Rico, September 6, 1912, John R. Johnston 580 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DistrR1suTION: Known only from the type locality. 44, Marasmius portoricensis Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus rather firm and opaque, not umbonate, cespitose, 7-10 mm. broad; surface bay, glabrous, rugose-striate, margin concolorous, somewhat dentate, quite irregular on drying: lamellae rather broad, ventricose, 2, or 3 times inserted, adnexed, fulvous, at least when dry: stipe very long, capillary, isabelline, finely and densely pubescent to subglabrous and somewhat shining, 6-8 cm. long, 0.5 mm. thick. Type collected on leaf-mold at Rio Piedras, Porto Rico, September 6, 1912, John R. Johnston 570 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DrsTRiBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 45. Marasmius atropurpureus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus conic to bell-shaped or hemispheric, not expanding, slightly umbonate, very thin and membranous but entirely opaque, gregarious, about 5 mm. broad, rarely larger; surface beautifully colored, atropurpureous or subvinosous with a darker-purple center, smooth, gla- brous, not striate, at least not until dry, minutely rugose under a lens, margin entire or slightly undulate, concolorous: lamellae narrow to medium, distant, about 12 in number, white, not interveined, adnate, attached to a collar, the edge of which, as well as the edges of the young lamellae, is dark-purple like the pileus: stipe long, slender, filiform, smooth, glabrous, pol- ished, avellaneous, at times with a slight brownish tint, slightly whitish-mycelioid at the base, about 4-5 em. long and 0.5 mm. thick. Type collected on fallen dead leaves and sticks at Lake Cunningham, New Providence, Bahama Islands, September 8, 1904, Elizabeth G. Britton 612 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 46. Marasmius stenophyllus Mont. Ann. Sci. Nat. IV.1:116. 1854. ?Marasmius hyperellus Fries, Nova Acta Soc. Sci. Upsal. III. 1:30. 1851. Marasmius semiustus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 295. 1868. Marasmius tenerrimus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 296. 1868. Pileus thin, soft, fleshy, but tough and persistent, convex to irregularly expanded, umbili- cate, becoming eccentric with age, gregarious to cespitose, 1-4 cm. broad ; surface minutely fibrillose to glabrous, radiate-rugose, hygrophanous, pale-yellowish-white to pale-reddish-tan, margin concolorous, incurved when young: lamellae adnate with a slight collar, rarely short- decurrent, rather distant, broad, inserted, the long ones ventricose, white, interveined, often forking: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, about 7-9 5-6 y: stipe tough, cylindric, tapering upward, usually curved, glabrous, white at the apex, pale-reddish below, whitish-mycelioid at the base, solid or spongy, at first central, often strongly eccentric with age, 1-4 cm. long, 1-2 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: French Guiana. Hasttrat: On banana trash and decayed stalks and logs. DISTRIBUTION: Jamaica, Trinidad, British Honduras, Cuba, and Grenada; also in Guiana. Part 4, 1915] AGARICACEAE 263 47. Marasmius troyanus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus slightly eccentric from its position on a standing trunk, depressed, gregarious to cespitose, reaching 1-1.5 cm. broad; surface nearly white, smooth, pulverulent to glabrous, margin thin, striate, concolorous: lamellae very broad and irregular, not crowded, inserted, not interveined, white, adnate or slightly sinuate; spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, granular, 8-10 X5-7 u: stipe curved, short and rather stout, enlarged above, smooth, glabrous or minutely pruinose, skin-colored, hollow, reaching 1 cm. long and 2 mm. thick. Type collected on a dead standing palm trunk in an open field in Troy and Tyre, Cockpit Country, Jamaica, W. A. Murrill & W. Harris 872 (berb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DisTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 48. Marasmius subplexifolius Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus very thin, membranous, somewhat eccentric and irregular, deeply depressed, gre- garious or very slightly cespitose, 1.5-2.5 cm. broad; surface glabrous, slightly radiate-striate, somewhat pellucid, white, margin concolorous, irregular or slightly lobed: lamellae distant, adnate or rounded behind, narrow, inserted, interveined with a reticulate network, white, thin, becoming yellowish and somewhat undulate on drying: stipe eccentric, expanding upward, emooth, pruinose to glabrous, hollow, whitish to rosy-isabelline, 1.5-2.5 cm. long, 1.5-3 mm. thick. Type collected on dead wood in Grenada, 1905, W. E. Broadway (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 49. Marasmius albofuscus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 295. 1868. Pileus thin, plane, umbonate, 12 mm. broad; surface white, brownish on the disk, reticulate, margin striate: lamellae adnate-decurrent, few, distant, broad, interstices trabeculate: stipe slender, glabrous, solid, slightly enlarged above, 2.5 cm. long, 0.5 mm. thick. TYPE Locality: Cuba. Hasrrat: On logs in woods. : DistrRipuTIon: Known only from the type locality. 50. Marasmius cubensis Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 296. 1868. Pileus thin, plane, umbonate, 18 mm. broad; surface white, rugose, margin sulcate: lamellae concolorous, thin, distant, adnexed, interveined: stipe concolorous, pulverulent, thin, 2.5 cm. long, 1-1.5 mun. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. Hasrrat: On dead wood. : DisrriBuTION: Known only from the type locality. 51. Marasmius hinnuleiformis Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus subconic or convex to sttbexpanded, variable in size, solitary to subcespitose, 0.5-2 cm. broad; surface glabrous, whitish, ochraceous on the umbo, becoming pale-brownish and striate over the lamellae on drying, margin entire, concolorous, plicate on drying: lamellae adnate, of medium breadth and distance, twice inserted, not interveined, white, whitish- asperulate under a lens: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, pointed at one end, 5-63 u: stipe equal or slightly tapering upward, finely pruinose to glabrous, pale-brownish, conspicuously whitish-mycelioid at the base, 3-5 cm. long, 1-2 mm. thick. Type collected in humus in old acorn cups on the ground in woods at Jalapa, Mexico, December 12-20, 1909, W. A. & Edna L. Murrill 163 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DistRIBution: Known only from Jalapa, Vera Cruz. 52. Marasmius clitocybiformis P. Henn. Hedwigia 43: 182. 1904. Pileus membranous, subtranslucent, dry, umbilicate to subinfundibuliform, cespitose, 4-6 cm. broad; surface whitish, radiate-striate, entirely glabrous even under a lens, margin 264 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [ VoLUME 9 entire, concolorous, deflexed on drying: lamellae short-decurrent, very thin, narrow, inserted, of medium distance, whitish to pale-fuscous: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 3.5-7 w: stipe firm, woody, terete; equal, smooth, finely tomentose, becoming partially subglabrous with age, cinereous to pale-fuscous, 5-8 em. long, 1.5-2.5 mm. thick. Type LocaLity: Miry, on the Jurud River, Brazil. Hasrtat: On decayed logs and stumps. -> ‘ Disrrisution: British Honduras; also in Bolivia and Brazil. 53. Marasmius tortipes Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 298. 1868. Pileus campanulate, umbilicate, 12 mm. broad; surface white to plumbeous, puberulent, margin sulcate: lamellae concolorous: stipe subdiaphanous, glabrous, elongate, twisted, 8 cm. long, 2 mm. thick, clothed at the base with a weft of mycelium covering the surface of the wood. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. Hasitat: On rotten wood. DISTRIBUTION: Jalapa, Vera Cruz; Cuba. 54. Marasmius viridifuscus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 295. 1868. Pileus thin. plane, 12 mm. broad; surface pale-green, margin radiate-striate: lamellae green, broad, distant, decurrent: stipe blackish-brown below, glabrous, enlarged above, thin, 12 mm. long. Type LocaLtity: Cuba. HasiraT: On dead sticks in mountains. . DistRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 55. Marasmius Harrisii Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus rather thick, of medium size, convex to plane, slightly umbonate, conspicuously furrowed and folded on drying, solitary, 2-3 cm. broad; surface smooth, glabrous, isabelline, somewhat pruinose on the umbo: lamellae broad, ventricose, inserted, rather crowded, slightly interveined, adnate, cream-colored: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, granular, about 5 2.5 u: stipe concolorous, fibrillose to glabrous, whitish-mycelioid at the base, about 3 cm. long and 2-3 mm. thick. Type collected among dead leaves in woods in Troy and Tyre, Cockpit Country, Jamaica, Janu- ary 12-14, 1909, W. A. Murrill & W. Harris 851 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 56. Marasmius cinereialbus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex, gibbous, not fully expanding, cespitose, 2-3 cm. broad; surface subglabrous, faintly striate, at least when dry, grayish-white, isabelline or bay on drying, margin entire, concolorous, becoming strongly inflexed: lamellae adnexed or sinuate, often separating, crowded, narrow, arcuate, pallid to isabelline, sometimes bay in dried specimens: stipe long and slender, subequal, somewhat striate, especially at the apex, hollow, densely grayish-pulverulent, occa- sionally showing the blackish rind, mycelioid at the base, 4-8 cm. long, 1.5~2.5 mm. thick. Type collected in leaf-mold and sticks at Rio Piedras, Porto Rico, September 8, 1912, John R. Johnston 739 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DistrRiBuTion: Known only from the type locality. 57. Marasmius jalapensis Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus rather thick and opaque, hemispheric to subexpanded, slightly umbonate, at least when young, solitary, reaching 3 cm. broad; surface smooth but not polished, glabrous, some- times exhibiting minute cracks in the cuticle on drying, not striate, isabelline to fulvous, bay on the umbo, margin entire, concolorous, usually much deflexed on drying: lamellae narrow, crowded, adnexed, pallid to isabelline, finely pubescent under a lens: spores subglobose to ovoid, smooth, hyaline, 5~7 X 4 u: stipe inflated at the apex, hollow, smooth, glabrous, polished, light-bay above, chestnut-colored or brownish below, whitish-mycelioid at the base, sometimes twisted, at least when dry, reaching 6 cm. long and 2-3 mm. thick. . Type collected in leaf-mold on the ground in woods near Jal Mexi — W.A. & Edna L. Murrill 84 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). a a a DISTRIBUTION: Known only from Vera Cruz. Part 4, 1915] AGARICACEAE 265 58. Marasmius obsoletus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus conic to convex, with prominent hemispheric umbo, thin and much worn in ap- pearance, which is more pronounced on drying, gregarious or subcespitose, reaching 2 cm. broad; surface cinereous to pale-isabelline, uneven, multistriate from the prominent umbo, which is considerably darker in moist weather, glabrous, margin very thin, soon becoming split or torn: lamellae adnate, narrow, of medium distance, arcuate, not interveined, white to pale- yellowish: stipe fuliginous when moist, grayish when dry, equal, densely and finely tomentose, yellowish-mycelioid at the base, twisted on drying, 5-7 cm. long, 1.5-2 mm. thick. Type collected on dead wood at Rio Piedras, Porto Rico, December 25, 1911, John R. Johnston 131 (herb, N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Porto Rico. 59. Marasmius putredinis Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 295. 1868. Pileus plane, thin, 1.5-2.5 cm. broad; surface fulvous or gray, glabrous: lamellae white, adnate, narrow: spores hyaline: stipe glabrous, concolorous, equal, solid, 18 mm. long, 1] mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. Hasitat: On rotten wood in forests. DisTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 60. Marasmius coracicolor Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 294. 1868. Piletts depressed or umbilicate, thin, soft, 18 mm. broad; surface fulvous, margin rugose- sulcate: lamellae concolorous, adnexed, crowded: spores gray in mass, reniform, minute: stipe rufescent, glabrous, sulcate, cartilaginous, 2.5 cm. long. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. Hasirat: On logs in woods. . DistrRrBuTION: Known only from the type locality. 61. Marasmius pruinosifolius Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex, slightly umbilicate, opaque, solitary, 1.7 cm. broad; surface smooth, gla- brous, isabelline, margin entire, incurved when young, lilac-colored: lamellae free, separating, attenuate at both ends, very narrow and crowded, cinereous with a rosy tint, many times in- serted, not interveined, the edges distinctly pruinose: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, slightly curved on one side, 5-6.5 X3-4.5 wu: stipe equal, compressed, somewhat distorted and twisted, cinereous with a rosy tint, finely pruinose, 3 cm. long, 5 mm. thick. Type collected in soil in woods at Cinchona, Jamaica, December 25—January 8, 1908-9, W. A. & Edna L, Murrill 506 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). : DisTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 62. Marasmius cervinicolor Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus thin, depressed, cespitose, 1-2 cm. broad; surface glabrous, striate, fawn-colored, margin entire, concolorous: lamellae very narrow, crowded, subfree, pallid to subconcolorous: spores ellipsoid to slightly ovoid, smooth, hyaline, 7-8 X4-5 wu: stipe slender, equal, concolorous or somewhat darker, finely and densely velvety-pruinose, slightly expanded at the base, 3-5 em. long, 1-2 mm. thick. Type collected on fallen decayed leaves at Castleton Gardens, Jamaica, October 28, 1902, F. S. Earle 223 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). : DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 63. Marasmius bahamensis Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus thin, opaque, convex to plane, gregarious to cespitose, 7-15 mm. broad; surface smooth, glabrous, radiate-rugose on drying, isabelline, slightly darker at the center, margin entire, concolorous: lamellae crowded, of medium breadth, adnexed, not interveined, white 266 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VOLUME 9 or pallid: stipe slender, equal, whitish-pubescent to glabrous, very pale avellaneous, smooth, becoming polished, yellowish-mycelioid at the base, 4-5 cm. long, less than 1 mm. thick. Type collected on fallen dead leaves and twigs, at Lake Cunningham, New Providence, Bahama Islands, September 8, 1904, Elizabeth G. Britton 611 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DIstRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 64. Marasmius hemileucus (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Agaricus (Collybia) hemileucus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 285. 1868. Pileus plane, orbicular, subcespitose, 2 em. broad; surface fuscous, smooth, glabrous: lamellae adnate, crowded, white: stipe pulverulent, concolorous, 5-7 cm. long, 2 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. Hasirar: On dead leaves and sticks. DISTRIBUTION: Cuba; New Providence, Bahamas. 65. Marasmius montanus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex to subexpanded, umbilicate or depressed, cespitose, 2~4 cm. broad; surface smooth, glabrous, very distinctly striate over the lamellae, rosy-isabelline to fulvous‘or bay, us- ually bay at the center, margin incurved when young, undulate: lamellae white or dirty-white, adnate or adnexed, narrow, of medium distance: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, granular, 5-7.5 X3-4.5 mw: stipe cylindric, equal, sometimes curved, whitish-pulverulent to subglabrous, rosy-isabelline to bay, paler at the apex, 1.5-4 cm. long, 1-2 mm. thick. Type collected on the decayed trunk of a tree-fern at Morce’s Gap, Jamaica, December 29, 30, January 2, 1908, W. A. & Edna L. Murrill 696 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DisTRiBuTION: Blue Mountains, Jamaica, above 1500 m. 66. Marasmius fibrosipes Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 293. 1868. Pileus subcoriaceous, thin, depressed, 4 cm. broad; surface fulvous, glabrous, margin in- flexed, whitish: lamellae free, remote, rounded behind, crowded, narrow: spores hyaline: stipe thick, fibrous-squamose, white tinged with fuscous, solid, 2.5 cm. long, 4 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. Hasitat: On dead wood. DIstRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 67. Marasmius subpruinosus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex, umbonate-depressed at the center, cespitose, reaching 7 cm. broad; surface rugose-striate, isabelline, smooth and pale-latericeous on the disk, finely pruinose under a lens even in age, margin thin, splitting easily, contorted on drying: lamellae adnate, rather broad, crowded, scarcely interveined, isabelline: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 4~7 yu: stipe equal, cylindric or compressed, griseous, finely and persistently tomentose, about 5 cm. long and 3-5 mmm. thick. Type collected on a dead log in woods in Troy and Tyre, Cockpit Countr amai 12-14, 1909, W. A. Murrill & W. Harris 947 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). lace nad DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 68. Marasmius polyporoides Murrill, sp. nov. Piles convex, not fully expanding, neither umbonate nor depressed, gregarious, 1-2 cm. broad; surface glabrous, smooth, except on the disk where it is rugose-reticulate, not at all striate, ferruginous, often becoming dull-bay on drying, margin thin, entire, concolorous, involute on drying: hymenium poroid, white, the principal lamellae being closely connected by transverse partitions; lamellae adnate, very thin, very narrow, arcuate, many times in- serted: stipe slender, smooth, glabrous, shining, equal, chestnut to blackish, 4-5 em. long, 1-1.5 mim. thick. ‘ Type collected on leaf-mold in woods in British Honduras, October, 1906, Morton E. Peck (berb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: British Honduras. Part 4, 1915] AGARICACEAE 267 69. Marasmius Berteroi (Lév.) Murrill. Heliomyces Berteroi Lév. Ann. Sci. Nat. ITI. 2:177. 1844. Pileus discoid, conspicuously radiate-sulcate, umbilicate, 4 cm. broad; surface glabrous, ferruginous: lamellae thin, distant, acutely adnate, pallid: stipe slender, sublignose, cylindric, smooth, glabrous, ferruginous to purple, 4 cm. long. TYPE LOCALITY: Porto Rico. Hasitar: On trunks of trees. DisTRIBUTION: Throughout most of tropical North America. 70. Marasmius badius Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 294. 1868. Pileus convex, 12-18 mm. broad; surface glabrous, margin striate, incurved; lamellae slightly adnate, rounded behind, distant, ventricose, thick, interspaces smooth: stipe pruinose, glabrescent, thicker above and below, 2.5 cm. long, 2 mm. thick. Tyre LOCALITY: Cuba. Hasitat: On bark in moss. DIstRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 71. Marasmius haematocephalus (Mont.) Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 298. 1868. Agaricus (Mycena) haematocephalus Mont. Ann. Sci. Nat. II. 8: 369. 1837. Marasmius rhodocephalus Fries, Nova Acta Soc. Sci. Upsal. III. 1:31. 1851. Marasmius rhabarbarinus Berk. Jour. Bot. & Kew Misc. 8: 135. 1856. Marasmius floriceps Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 298. 1868. Marasmius hypophaeus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 298. 1868. Marasmius phaeus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 298. 1868. Marasmius sanguineus Cooke & Massee; Cooke, Grevillea 17:59. 1889. Pileus membranous, convex or campanulate to expanded, usually umbonate, solitary or gregarious, 0.5-1.5 cm. broad; surface persistent purplish-red or fulvous-red, glabrous, more or less sulcate-striate, margin concolorous, entire to slightly crenate: lamellae few, distant, pallid, varying in breadth but usually rather narrow, attenuate-adnexed, rarely inserted, not inter- veined: stipe setiform, horny, glabrous, smooth, shining, pale-fuscous to reddish-brown, usually paler at the apex, 3-6 cm. long, 0.5-1 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Hasirat: On fallen decayed leaves and wood. DISTRIBUTION: Throughout tropical regions. InLusTRATION: Mont. Pl. Cell. Cuba pl. 17, f. 4. 72. Marasmius tageticolor Berk. Jour. Bot. & Kew Misc. 8: 136. 1856. Pileus membranous, umbonate, solitary or gregarious, 5-20 mm. broad; surface smooth, glabrous, reddish or chestnut, marked with luteous rays over the lamellae, rugose on the umbo, margin concolorous, broadly dentate, resembling that of an open parasol: lamellae about 8 in number, ventricose, attenuate at both ends, luteous, with very broad, smooth interspaces: stipe capillary, pale-umbrinous, glabrous, 2.5-4 cm. long, 0.5 mm. thick. Type LOCALITY: Panuré, Brazil. Hasrrat: On dead branches, leaves, and leaf-stalks. DISTRIBUTION: St. Vincent, West Indies; also in Brazil. ILLUSTRATION: Jour. Bot. & Kew Misc. 8: pi. 5, f. 1. 73. Marasmius purpurascens Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 296. 1868. Pileus thin, infundibuliform, 18 mm. broad; surface pale-purple, white when dry, finely tomentose, margin striatulate: lamellae concolorous, decurrent, very crowded, very narrow: stipe glabrous. 2.5 cm. long. TYPE LocaLity: Cuba. Hasirat: On sticks in shady woods. DisTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 268 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 74, Marasmius sericipes Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 294. 1868. Pileus thin, convex, 18 mm. broad; surface vinous-rufous when dried, rugose: lamellae adnate, distant, narrow, interspaces smooth: stipe silky, glabrescent, rather thick, 2.5-3 em. long, 2-4 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. Hasitat: On dead sticks in woods. DIstRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 75. Marasmius glaucopus (Pat.) Sacc. & D. Sace. in Sacc. Syll. Fung. 17:40. 1905. Androsaceus glaucopus Pat.; Duss, Enum. Champ. Guad. 43. 1903. Pileus campanulate-convex, 2 cm. broad; surface reddish-purple, velutinous, the disk venose-rugose, cells of cuticle red, erect, oblong-cylindric at the apex, margin involute, plicate- sulcate: lamellae blackish-purple, glaucous, unequal, not interveined, scarcely crowded, broad, narrowed at both ends: spores hyaline, ovoid, 8X5 yu; stipe dark-brownish-red, cylindric, cinere- ous-pruinate at the apex, hollow, tough, 3 cm. long, 3 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Pointe-Noire, Guadeloupe. Hapitat: On logs of Chrysophyllum. DistTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 76. Marasmius ionides Pat.; Duss, Enum. Champ. Guad. 45. 1903. Pileus thin, submembranous, orbicular, from convex to plane, 2-6 cm. broad; surface opaque, glabrous, under a lens pulverulent, center sordid-violet, margin brownish, cuticle with thin-walled, rounded or ellipsoid cells, 20-50 X 20-30 p, filled with brown or violet material: lamellae yellowish-white, narrow, distant, adnate, unequal: spores ovoid, colorless, thin-walled, 10X3 u; basidia 30 w long; cystidia cylindric, thin-walled, apex obtuse, 30-50 12-16 u: stipe reddish, cylindric, thickly covered with white hairs, 2-4 cm. long, 1-3 mm. thick. Type Locality: Trois-Riviéres, Guadeloupe. HasitaT: On the ground in woods. DIstTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 77. Marasmius coracipes Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 294. 1868. Pileus convex, thin, 12 mm. broad; surface pale-fuscous, smooth: lamellae pale-fulvous, narrow, crowded, adnexed, unequal: stipe concolorous, sulcate, glabrous, subeccentric, thick, 4 cm. long. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. Hasirat: In woods. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 78. Marasmius curtipes Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex to plane or slightly depressed, subcespitose, 1-2 cm. broad; surface brown when fresh, pale-brown or isabelline on drying, smooth, glabrous, slightly striate at times when dry, margin entire, concolorous: lamellae broad, thick, firm, not interveined, inserted, tmeven, adnate or sinuate, isabelline: stipe unusually short for the size of the pileus, slightly grooved longitudinally, equal, pruinose to glabrous, gray or blackish, whitish-mycelioid at the base, rigid on drying, 6~10 mm. long, about 2 mm. thick. Type collected on decaying roots in woods near Mon i = W. A. Murrill 1128 (herb. N. VY. Bot. Gard.). Beir mene eae wes n ego DisTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 79. Marasmius cyathiformis Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 295. 1868. Pileus cyathiform, cespitose, 18-25 mm. broad; surface brown when dry, glabrous: lamellae decurrent, distant: stipe dilated above, 2.5 cm. long, 1 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. Hasirat: On dead wood. DistTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. Part 4, 1915] AGARICACEAE 269 80. Marasmius subcyathiformis Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus rather thin, convex to depressed, solitary to subcespitose, 1-1.7 cm. broad; surface pruinose to glabrous, not striate when moist, brownish with a violet tint, margin concolorous, strongly inflexed on drying: lamellae pallid, adnate, of medium distance, not interveined, inserted, narrow, some of them forking: stipe slender, equal, densely pruinose or finely tomen- tose, rarely becoming subglabrous near the middle and appearing brownish, usually twisted when dry, 2-4 cm. long, 1-1.5 mm. thick. Type collected on fallen dead sticks in an orchard at Colima, Mexico, January 3-4, 1910, W.A. & Edna L. Murrill 615 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Mexico. 81. Marasmius Johnstonii Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex to plane, thin, opaque, gregarious, reaching 1-1.5 cm. broad; surface brown, fading to light-brown at times on drying and often becoming paler on the disk, finely pruinose to glabrous, finely whitish-tomentose at times on the disk, not striate, margin entire, concolor- ous, scarcely inflexed on drying: lamellae very close and narrow, many times inserted, not inter- veined, adnate to the enlarged apex of the stipe, white to pallid, the edges whitish-pruinose: stipe concolorous, very slender, equal, finely whitish-pubescent, not becoming glabrous, at- tached to the substratum by an expanding mat of mycelium, 2-3 cm. long, 1 mm. thick. Type collected on fallen dead leaves at Rio Piedras, Porto Rico,May 25,1913, John R. Johnston 912 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DisTRIBUTION: Known only from a few collections in the type locality. 82. Marasmius polyphyllus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 51: 286. 1898. Pileus fleshy, thin, convex or nearly plane, gregarious or cespitose, 2.5-5 cm. broad; surface smooth, whitish to pale-reddish-brown, the disk darker in dried plants: context having the odor and taste of onions; lamellae adnexed or nearly free, very crowded, narrow, white, becoming yellowish in dried plants: spores minute, 5-6 X 3-4 uw: stipe equal, hollow, 4-7 cm. long, 2~4 mm. thick, reddish-brown, covered with a white tomentum which is more abundant toward the base. TYPE LocaLity: New York. Hasitat: Shaded, damp ground. DISTRIBUTION: New York. 83. Marasmius prasiosmus Fries, Epicr. Myc. 376. 1838. Agaricus prasiosmus Fries, Obs. Myc. 2: 153. 1818. Pileus submembranous, soft, campanulate, convex, expanded, obtuse, gregarious, 2-4 cm. broad; surface rugulose-sulcate, glabrous, whitish or yellowish, the disk darker: context having astrong odor of onions; lamellae attached, subcrowded, narrow, white: spores white, 12-15 X 3-4: stipe fistulose, pallid, glabrous above, subtomentose and thickened downward, pallid, then rufous or fuscous, 5-8 cm. long, 2 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Sweden. Hasirat: Upon old leaves in woods. DISTRIBUTION: Temperate North America; also in Europe Truusrrations: Cooke, Brit. Fungi pl. 1120 (1074) ; Gill. Cham Fr. $1. 200 (447). ExsiccaTi: ?Rav. Fungi Am. 468 (as M. alliaceus Bries). 84. Marasmius confluens (Pers.) Ricken, Blatterp. Deutschl. 72. 1911. Agaricus confluens Pers. Syn. Fung. 368. 1801. Collybia confluens Fries, Epicr. Myc. 88. 1838. Pileus subfleshy, dry, broadly convex to plane, cespitose, 1.5-3.5 cm. broad; surface smooth, pinkish-brown, becoming yellowish-brown or almost white in dry plants; margin thin, often involute even in old, dried plants: lamellae narrow, crowded, free, remote, white or slightly discolored in age: spores 7-8 X 3-3.5 uw: stipe equal, enlarged at the apex, hollow, 270 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VOLUME 9 brown, covered everywhere with dense white tomentum, the bases of several plants bound together with dense whitish mycelium, 4-12 em. long, 2-5 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: France. Hasitat: Among dead leaves or moss. Disrrrpution: New York, Ohio, and Michigan; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Britz. Hymen. Sudb. pl. 9, f. 4; Hard, Mushrooms f. 84; Pat. Tab. Fung. f. 634; Ricken, Blatterp. Deutschl. pl. 24, f. 2. 85. Marasmius archyropus (Pers.) Fries, Epicr. Myc. 378. 1838. Agaricus archyropus Pers. Myc. Eur. 3: 135. 1828. Pileus subfleshy, tough, convex to plane and depressed, gregarious or cespitose by the union of several plants by masses of mycelium at the base, 2-3 cm. broad; surface alutaceous, pallescent, often becoming nearly white, glabrous; margin thin, involute, except in the mature plants, even, smooth: context moderately thin, tough, whitish; lamellae white, yellowish when dry, adnexed, crowded, narrow: spores 8 X 44: stipe pale-reddish, usually appearing gray or white with a pruinose or tomentose coat, firm, rigid, stuffed or hollow, 11-14 cm. long, 2-3 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: France. Hasitat: Among leaves in woods. DisTRIBUTION: Temperate North America; also in Europe. ; : ILLUSTRATIONS: Britz. Hymen. Sudb. Marasm. f. 7, 42; Cooke, Brit. Fungi pl. 1122 (1076) B; Gill. Champ. Fr. pl. 440; Pers. Myc. Eur. 3: pl. 25, 7.4; Trans. Brit. Myc. Soc. 1905: pl. 12, f. 1; Ricken, Blatterp. Deutschl. pl. 24, f. 7. 86. Marasmius multifolius Peck, sp. nov. Pileus subfleshy, tough, convex to plane, 2-3 cm. broad; surface smooth, not striate, isabelline to pale-fulvous, not fading in dry plants: lamellae narrow, crowded, adnate, white, changing but little in dry plants: spores 6 X 2.5-3 wu: stipe white-villous, firm, stuffed or hollow, 4-6 cm. long, 2 mm. thick. Type collected on dead leaves in woods at Minerva, New York (herb. N. Y. State Mus.). DISTRIBUTION: New England and New York. ’ 87. Marasmius washingtonensis Pennington, sp. nov. Pileus subfleshy, tough, hemispheric or broadly convex, umbonate, densely cespitose, 1.5— 2 em. broad; surface smooth, even, whitish, margin striate: lamellae adnate, sinuate, narrow, subcrowded, whitish or skin-colored: spores 6 X 3 u: stipe hollow, even, reddish or reddish- brown, smooth above, bound together below with dense white mycelium, 3-5 cm. long, 2 mm. thick. Type collected upon decaying wood near Seattle, Washington, October 20-November 1, 1911, W.A. Murrill (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 88. Marasmius fasciatus Pennington. Bees anomalus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 24: 76. 1872. Not M. anomalus Lasch, 1854. Pileus subfleshy, tough, broadly convex to nearly plane, often subumbonate, densely cespi- tose, 2-4 cm. broad; surface even, glabrous, reddish to tan, fading nearly to white in dried plants: lamellae rather close, narrow, adnexed, narrowed behind, white, sometimes reddish- yellow in dried plants: spores 5-6 X 2.5-3 w: stipe cartilaginous, even, hollow, smooth above, bound together below by dense white mycelium, reddish to dark-red or almost black, 3-6 em. long, 2-3 mm. thick. TYPE LocaLity: Catskill Mountains, New York. Hapitat: Upon decaying wood in forests. DIstTRIBUTION: New York to Michigan. Exsiccati: Herpell, Prap. Hutpilze 111. Part 4, 1915] AGARICACEAE 271 89. Marasmius iocephalus (Berk. & Curt.) Pennington. Agaricus (Mycena) iocephalus Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. II. 12: 420. 1853. Pileus submembranous to membranous, broadly convex, gregarious or subcespitose, 1.5—4 cm. broad; surface striate or sulcate, violet, bluish-gray at times in dried plants: context having a strong odor; lamellae adnate, distant, rather narrow, paler than the pileus: spores 7 X 3.5 w: stipe attenuate upward, densely tomentose above, strigose below, white or yellowish, 4-5 cm. long, 2-4 mm. thick. TYPE LOcaLIty: South Carolina. Hasirat: Upon leaves in woods or swamps. DISTRIBUTION: New York to Alabama. 90. Marasmius peronatus (Bolt.) Fries, Epicr. Myc. 375. 1838. Agaricus peronatus Bolt. Hist. Fung. 58. 1788. Pileus subfleshy, tough, broadly convex, sometimes subumbonate, 2-6 cm. broad; surface tich-brown with a reddish tint in dried plants, glabrous; margin lighter than the disk, smooth, somewhat irregular: context tough, coriaceous, whitish, the taste unpleasant, acrid; lamellae pallid to reddish, close, rather broad, adnexed: spores ovoid, 6-8 X 3-4 uw: stipe flavid to sub- rufous, equal, often compressed, villous-corticate, peronate-strigose at the base. Types LocaLity: England. Hastrat: Upon dead leaves in woods. DistRIBsutION: New York and California; also in Europe. ILLustRations: Bolt. Hist. Fung. pl. 58; Cooke, Brit. Fungi #1. 1117 (1070); Cordier, Champ. Fr. pl. 14,f.2; E. & P. Nat. Pfl. 1**: f. 113, H; Gill. Champ. Fr. pl. 445; Lanzi, Funghi Mang. #1. 13, f.2; Pat. Tab. Fung. 1.411; Richon & Roze, Atl. Champ. pl. 49, f. 5-10; Ricken, Blatterp. Deutschl. pl. 25, f. 1; Sow. Engl. Fungi 1. 37. Exsiccati: Herpell, Prap. Hutpilze 52; Roum. Fungi Sel. 7238; Sydow, Myc. Mar. 305. 91. Marasmius subnudus (Ellis) Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 51: 287. 1898. Marasmius peronatus subnudus Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 909. 1883. Pileus subfleshy, thin, tough, flexuous, broadly convex to plane, gregarious or subcespitose, 2-4 em. broad; surface brownish-red, dingy-bay, or russet, smooth, margin even, smooth or substriate: context thin, tough, white, the taste unpleasant, bitter; lamellae pallid or yellowish, becoming darker in dried plants, narrow, subdistant, slightly adnexed or free, becoming remote in old, dried plants: spores 8-10 X 4.5 w: stipe reddish-brown to nearly black, covered with a dense, white tomentum or nearly naked at the apex, slender, firm, equal, solid or stuffed, 4-8 cm. long, 2-4 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: New Jersey. Hapitat: On the ground among leaves, twigs, etc., in woods. Exsiccatr: Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 909. 92. Marasmius rubrophyllus Pennington, sp. nov. Pileus subfleshy, tough, broadly convex to nearly plane, often slightly depressed, gre- garious, 1-4 cm. broad; surface dry, smooth, reddish-brown to dark-alutaceous, margin even: lamellae adnexed or adnate, moderately close, narrow, reddish, becoming reddish-brown in dried plants: spores 7 X 3.5 mu: stipe firm, even, short, reddish-brown, uniformly covered with a white down or pruinose coat, 2-3 cm. long, 1-2.5 mm. thick. Type collected upon bark at the base of a white oak tree in the forest near Ann Arbor, Michigan, September, 1907, L. H. Pennington (herb. Pennington). Hapirat: On bark, dead leaves, and dead twigs in woods. DIstRIBUTION: Temperate North America east of the Mississippi River. 93. Marasmius caryophylleus (Schaeff.) Schrét. Krypt.-Fl. Schles. 31: 561. 1889. Agaricus caryophyllaeus Schaeff. Fung. Bavar. 4: Ind. 33. 1774. Agaricus oreades Bolt. Hist. Fung. 151. 1791. Marasmius oreades Fries, Epicr. Myc. 375. 1838. Scorteus oreades Earle, Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 5: 415. 1909. Pileus fleshy, tough, convex, plane or subumbonate, 3-5 cm. broad; surface white to pale- tan or reddish-pallescent, glabrous; margin at first involute, smooth, even, sometimes reflexed 272 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VOLUME 9 in age or in dried plants: context somewhat tough, thick at the disk, whitish, the taste pleasant, the odor fragrant; lamellae white, yellowish when dry, broad, distant, free: spores 7-9 X 4-5 u: stipe pallid, equal, solid, corticate, with a villous, interwoven cuticle, appearing nearly smooth or slightly villous-pubescent, 4-5 cm. long, 2-4 mm. thick, TYPE LOCALITY: Bavaria. Hazitat: Grassy places. DISTRIBUTION: Temperate North America; also in-Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Atk. Stud. Am. Fungi f. 129; Bolt. Hist. Fung. pl. 151; Boyer, Champ. pl. 38; Bres. Funghi Mang. pl. 84; Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 144, pl. 528, f. 2; Bernard, Champ. Roch. i. 43, f. 2; Cooke, Brit. Fungi pl. 1118 (1072); Cordier, Champ. Fr. pl. 14, f. 3; E. & P. Nat. PA. I *: f. 113, G; F. Lorinser, Essb. Schwimme l. 8, f. 3; Fries, Sv. Aetl. Svamp. pl. 31; Gill. Champ. Fr. 1.202 (444); Hahn, Pilz-Samml. ed. 2. pl. 12, f. 62; Hard, Mushrooms pl. 191-192; Harzer, Abbild. Pilze pl. 17, 6; Lanzi, Funghi Mang. ol. 45, f. 3; Krombh. Abbild. pl. 6, f. 16; Mycologia 2: pl. 19, f. 3; Palmer, Mushr. Am. pl. 3; Pat. Tab. Fung. pl. 328; Paulet, Traité Champ. 3: pl. 103, f._ 1-4; Ricken, Blatterp. Deutschl. pl. 24, f. 5; Richon & Roze, Atl. Champ. pl. 50, f. 1-3; Schaeff. Fung. Bavar. pl. 77; Sow. Engi. Fungi pl. 247. : Exsrecati: Cavara, Fungi Longob. 19; D. Sace. Myc. Ital. 1402; Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 701; Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 908; Herpell, Prap. Hutpilze 72; Rab.-Wint. Fungi Eur. 30/; Roum. Fungi Gall. 2002; Shear, N. VY. Fungi 21; Sydow, Myc. Mar. 1401, 1402; Thiim. Fungi Austr. 610, 6106; Thiim. Myc. Univ. 303; Underw. & Cook, Illust. Fungi 4. 94. Marasmius spongiosus Berk. & Curt.; Berk. Jour. Bot. & Kew Misc. 1: 100. 1849. , Marasmius semisquarrosus Berk. & Cooke; Cooke, Grevillea 6: 129. 1878. Pileus fleshy, broadly convex, obtuse or plane, 1-3 cm. broad; surface whitish-fuscous, whitish-brown, or tan, the center darker: lamellae slightly adnate, subcrowded, moderately broad, whitish: spores 7-9 XK 3~4 uw: stipe 5-10 em. long, 2-4 mm. thick, furfuraceous-pulveru- lent to villous, the base thickened, more or less spongy, tawny to dark-brown or almost black, often rooting, the rooting portion being 3-5 cm. long. Tyre Locatity: Gainesville, Florida. Hasitat: Debris in woods. DISTRIBUTION: New York to Florida and west to Ohio. Intustratrions: Cooke, Brit. Fungi pl. 1123 (1077) B; Fries, Ic. Hymen. pl. 174, f. 2 (as Marasmius erythropus). Exsiccatt: Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 601; Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 912; Rav. Fungi Car. 3:7; Rav. Fungi Am. 106. ‘ 95. Marasmius dichrous Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. II. 12: 426. 1853. Marasmius caespitosus Peck, Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 1:58. 1873. Marasmius fagineus Morgan, Jour. Cinc. Soc. Nat. Hist. 6: 192. 1883. Pileus subfleshy, convex, at length plane or depressed, 2-4 cm. broad; surface not polished, dry, nearly smooth to rugose-striate, reddish or purplish-pallid to alutaceous, becoming brown in dried plants: lamellae adnate, often becoming nearly free, close, narrow in front, often crisped, pale-reddish: spores often guttulate, 8-10 X 4.5-5 u: stipe short, hollow, thickened upward, reddish-pallid, brown, or dark-reddish-brown, pruinose or slightly pubescent at the subtuberculose base, 1-3 cm. long, 2 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: South Carolina. Haszitat: Upon twigs, bark, wood, etc., in woods. DIsTRIBUTION: New England to South Carolina and west to the Central States. 96. Marasmius fuscopurpureus (Pers.) Fries, Epicr. Myc. 377. 1838. Agaricus fuscopurpureus Pers. Ic. Descr. Fung. 12. 1798. Pileus tough, fleshy, convex to plane or subumbilicate, 3-5 em. broad; surface smooth, dark-purplish-brown, becoming yellowish or alutaceous in dry plants, margin slightly furrowed or striate: context mild; lamellae subdistant, rather thick, adnexed to adnate, often separating from the stipe, reddish: spores 8-10 X 4 u: stipe even or thickened downward, dark-purplish or reddish-brown, nearly smooth above, reddish-brown-strigose below, 5-8 em. long, 3-4 mm. thick. Parr 4, 1915] AGARICACEAE 273 TYPE LOCALITY: France. Hasitat: Upon leaves in woods. DISTRIBUTION: Rhode Island, Ohio, vray and probably Minnesota; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Pers. Ic. Descr. Fung. pl. 4, f. 1-3; Ricken, Blatterp. Deutschl. pl. 24, f. 1. ExsiccaTl: Clements, Crypt. Form. Colo. 367. 97. Marasmius Sutliffae Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 78. 1905. Pileus thin, tough, subcampanulate or convex, 1-2 cm. broad; surface glabrous, shining when moist, reddish-brown, often darker at the center, the red color fading out in dried plants: context having a bitter taste; lamellae broad, moderately close, subventricose, adnexed, white, often with a pinkish tint, interspaces venose: spores ellipsoid, often guttulate, 8-10 & 5-6 n: stipe slender, cartilaginous, hollow, pallid, glabrous or slightly pruinose above, abundantly white-tomentose at the base, 2.5-4 cm. long, 2-3 mm. thick. TYPE LocaLity: Sacramento, California. Hasrrat: Upon lawns in shaded places. DISTRiBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 98. Marasmius trullisatipes Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 167: 44. 1913. Pileus thin, subfleshy, campanulate or convex, acutely umbonate, 12-20 mm. broad; surface glabrous, isabelline or subrufescent, the umbo often blackish in dried plants: lamellae adnate, rather close, thin, broad anteriorly, whitish tinged with pink: spores 6 X 44: stipe tough, solid, radicating, externally cartilaginous, brownish, white within, pruinose above, tomentose below, 3-5 cm. long, 2-3 mm. thick. ’ ‘TYPE LOCALITY: Minnesota. Hasitat: Upon the ground. DIsTRIBUTION: Ohio and Minnesota. 99. Marasmius umbonatus Peck, Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 1: 58. 1873. Pileus thin, tough, expanded, umbonate, gregarious, 13~19 mm. broad; surface glabrous, alutaceous, margin smooth or substriate, at first incurved: lamellae interveined, branched in front, reaching the stipe, subdistant, narrow, white: spores 7-8 X 3.5 u: stipe equal, solid, fulvous above, pallid below, velvety-tomentose, 2.5-4 cm. long, 1 mm. thick. TYPE LocaLIty: North Elba, New Vork. Hasirat: Ground under conifers. _ DistriBution: Adirondack Mountains, New York. 100. Marasmius foetidus (Sow.) Fries, Epicr. Myc. 380. 1838. Merulius foetidus Sow. Engl. Fungi pl. 21. 1796. Agaricus yenosus Pers. Syn. ae 67. 18 Marasmius acerinus Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 5: 648. 1899, Pileus submembranous, ae convex, then explanate, umbilicate, 10-20 mm. broad; surface subpruinose, fulvobadious or fox-brown, fading in dry plants; margin striate-plicate, at first involute, lax or drooping: context having a strong, disagreeable odor; lamellae annulate- adnexed, not broad, distant, reddish-yellow: spores 7-8 X 44: stipe pruinose, minutely floccose at the base, hollow, spadiceous. darker below, I-2.5 cm. long, 2 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: England. Hasirat: Fallen twigs, leaves, etc. DISTRIBUTION: Temperate North America; also in Europe. ILLustRATIONS: Boud. Ic. Myc. 1: pl. 73; Britz. Hymen. Sudb. Marasm. f. 30; Bernard, Champ. Roch. pl. 43, f. 2; Cooke, Brit. Runes pl. 1134 (1081) A; Gill. Champ. Fr. #l. 442; Hard, Mushrooms f. 104; Sow. Engl. Fungi pl. 2 ExsIccaTI: Rab.-Wint. Fungi Eur. 4532, Roum. Fungi Gall. 3701; Cooke, Fungi Brit. 405 (as M. impudicus Fries). 101. Marasmius Copelandi Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 182. 1904. Pileus thin, tough, broadly convex, 1-2 cm. broad; surface glabrous, tawny: context having a strong and unpleasant mephitic taste and odor; lamellae few, adnate, distant, pallid: 274 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 9 spores subfusiform, 12-15 x 4 u: stipe slender, tough, hollow, velvety-pubescent aud brown below, less densely pubescent and paler above, 4-6 cm. long, 1-2 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Woodside, California. Hasrrat: Upon dead leaves of Quercus densiflora. DistTrRIBpution: Washington, Oregon, and California. 102. Marasmius elongatipes Peck, Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 4: 181. 1883. Marasmius longipes Peck, Ann. Rep. N.Y.State Mus. 26:66. 1874. Not M.longipesMont. 1854. Marasmius hirtipes Clements, Bot. Surv. Neb. 4:20. 1896. Pileus thin, submembranous, convex, 8-13 mm. broad; surface glabrous, finely striate, fulvous-red: lamellae narrow, adnexed, not crowded, white: spores 7-8 X 3.5 nu: stipe equal, long, slender, radicate, hollow, brown or alutaceous, white and pruinose to white-tomentose at the apex, 5-13 cm. long, 1 mm. thick. ‘TYPE LOCALITY: New York. Hasrrat: Upon ground among leaves. Jat hens DistRiBution: New England to Virginia and west to the Mississippi Valley. 103. Marasmius semihirtipes Peck, Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 1: 57. 1873. Pileus thin, tough, convex to nearly plane or depressed, 1-2 cm. broad; surface glabrous, reddish-brown, becoming alutaceous, the disk darker, margin sometimes striate: lamellae slightly adnexed, subdistant, not narrow, white: spores 8-9 X 4.5 wu: stipe equal, even or finely striate, tubular, reddish-brown, often nearly black in dry plants, glabrous above, velvety- tomentose toward the base, 3-5 em. long, 1-2 mm. thick. Type Locatrry: West Point, New York. Hasitat: Upon ground among fallen leaves, twigs, etc. . . DistRIBUTION: New England to Virginia and west to Minnesota, Missouri, and Colorado. 104. Marasmius castaneicolor Pennington, sp. nov. Pileus submembranous, broadly convex to plane and slightly depressed, 8-14 mm. broad; stirface smooth, even, dry, brown or chestnut: lamellae adnexed, rather close, not broad, white, becoming only slightly yellow in dried plants: spores 7 X 3.5 u; cystidia 15-18 X 2.5-3 uw: stipe white-pruinose to tomentose, often tawny at the base, 2-3 cm. long, 1-1.5 mm. thick. Type collected on dead oak leaves at St. Martinsville, Louisiana, July 24, 1888, A. B. Langlois 1426 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DIsTRIBUTION: Louisiana. 105. Marasmius biformis Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 67:25. 1903. Marasmius longistriatus Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 105: 25, 1906. Pileus submembranous, thi, campanulate or nearly plane, often becoming umbilicate, gregarious, 8-16 mm. broad; surface glabrous, hygrophanous, striatulate when moist, rugose- striate when dry, bay-red or pale-chestnut when moist, grayish when dry: lamellae adnate and joined together at the stipe, rather close, not broad, grayish or creamy-yellow: spores 5-6 X 3.5-4 4: stipe even, slender, brown when moist,.cinereous when dry, densely downy- pubescent, the base often tawny, 2.5 cm. long, 1 mm. thick. Types LocaLity: Sandlake, New York. Hasrrat: Upon ground among coniferous trees. DISTRIBUTION: New York, Michigan, and Ohio. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 105: pl. S, f. 1-4. 106. Marasmius contrarius Peck, Bull. N. VY. State Mus. 150: 34. 1911. Pileus submembranous, tough, broadly convex or nearly plane, gregarious, 4-10 mm. broad; surface often uneven, glabrous, whitish or white with brown center, becoming grayish Part 4, 1915] AGARICACEAE 275 or subalutaceous in drying: lamellae adnate or slightly decurrent, subdistant, thin, sometimes branched or irregular, the interspaces slightly venose, whitish: spores 7-9 X 4-5 yw: stipe slender, white within, solid, grayish-tawny, downy, tomentose at the base, 2-3 cm. long, 1-1.5 mm. thick. TYPE LocaLtity: North Elba, New York. HasitatT: Damp, mossy places under spruce and balsam trees. DIstTRiIBuTION: Adirondack Mountains, New York. 107. Marasmius velutipes Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. IIT. 4: 294. 1859. Pileus submembranous, tough, plane or subumbilicate, greggrious, 8-20 mm. broad; surface dull-chestnut to ochraceous-brown, lighter or pallescent at the center, smooth; margin at first involute, thin, even, smooth, often becoming striate: context thin, tough, white or whitish; lamellae white, becoming yellowish, narrow, close, adnate: spores 6.5 X 44.5 u: stipe reddish-brown, covered above with whitish tomentum, below with tawny-yellow to brown hairs, flexuous, equal or swollen and spongy below, hollow, often rooting, 3-5 cm. long, 1-2 mm. thick. Tyre LOCALITY: Eastern United States. Hasitat: Among dead leaves of deciduous trees. DIstRIBUTION: New England to the Carolinas and west to the Mississippi Valley. 108. Marasmius subtomentosus Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 22: 487. 1895. Pileus thin or subfleshy, subcampanulate or nearly plane, 1-2 cm. broat#l; surface smooth or minutely tomentose-pubescent, gray or reddish-gray, margin scarcely striate: lamellae free or scarcely adnexed, subdistant, broad, ventricose, concolorous: spores 10-13 X 5-6 p: stipe equal or thickened at the base, gray or gray-brown, white within, silky-tomentose, 2.5 cm. jong, 2 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Kansas. Hapitat: Grass roots. DISTRIBUTION: Kansas. 109. Marasmius subpilosus Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 30:95. 1903. Pileus thin, convex or nearly plane, 1-2 cm. broad; surface even or rugulose at the center, minutely pruinose-pubescent, whitish with brown center, often tinged with yellow; margin striate: lamellae rather broad, ventricose, adnate, subsinuate, not close, the edges minutely ciliate: spores 8 X 2.5-3 yw; cystidia 30-40 7-15 uw: stipe slender, stuffed or hollow, reddish- brown, white at the apex, pruinose-pubescent above, gray-tomentose below, 3-5 cm. long, 1 mm. thick. TYPE LOcALITy: Idaho. Hasirat: Upon leaves and branches in wet woods. DISTRIBUTION: Western states. 110. Marasmius magnisporus Murrill, Mycologia 4: 166. 1912. Marasmius salignus major Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 41:85. 1888. Pileus thin, tough, convex, at times umbonate, cespitose or closely gregarious, 1-1.5 em. broad; surface glabrous, white to pale-isabelline with a pinkish tint; margin sometimes slightly striate: context mild; lamellae squarely adnate or decurrent, distant, broad, strongly inter- veined, inserted, white, entire: spores oblong, 10-12 X 4-6 uw: stipe increasing upward, tough, grayish-avellaneous below, paler above, minutely striate, pruinose to glabrous, 1-3 cm. long, 2 mm. thick. ‘Type Locatity: New Vork Botanical Garden, New York. Hasirat: Upon dead wood. DistRIBUTION: Temperate North America. ILLUSTRATIONS: Hard, Mushrooms f. 107; Mycologia 4: pl. 68, f. 7. 276 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VorumME 9 111. Marasmius papillatus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 24: 76. 1872. Pileus submembranous, convex to expanded, papillate, gregarious, 1-2 cm. broad; surface obscurely striate, sordid-white or gray, sometimes with a pink tint; margin fluted in dry plants: lamellae adnate with slightly decurrent tooth, some decidedly decurrent, crowded, narrow, white or yellowish: spores 8-9 X 3.5 y: stipe slender, deeply radicating, firm, hollow, concolorous, white-pruinose, 2.5—5 em. long, 1-2 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Sandlake, New York. Hasrrat: Upon mossy logs. DistRiBUTION: New York. 112. Marasmius languidus (Lasch) Fries, Epicr. Myc. 379. 1838. Agaricus languidus Lasch, Linnaea 3: 385. 1828. Pileus subfleshy, convex, gibbous or umbilicate, 1-2 cm. broad; surface fidcculose, white, pallid, margin rugose-sulcate: lamellae adnate-decurrent, interveined, distant, narrow: spores 6 X 44: stipe increased above, stuffed, pallid, brownish below, surface naked, 2.5 cm. long, 1-2 mm. thick. TYPE LocaLity: Brandenburg, Germany. Haprrat: Upon stems, grass, leaves, etc. DIsTRIBUTION: New England and probably in Minnesota; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Cooke, Brit. Fungi pl. 1126 (1080) C; Pat. Tab. Fung. f. 413. 113. Marasmius vialis Peck, Ann. Rep. N. VY. State Mus. 51: 287. 1898. Pileus membranous, convex, 4-10 mm. broad; surface pruinose, white: lamellae decur- rent, distant, arcuate, white, becoming yellow-brown in dried plants: spores 7-9 X 44.5 p: stipe bulbous, short, solid, tough, white-pruinose, white then brown or black within, 12-20 mm. long, 1 mm. thick. TYPE Locality: Gansevoort, New York. HasitatT: Damp ground, roadsides, etc. DISTRIBUTION: New York to Alabama. 114. Marasmius resinosus (Peck) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 522. 1887. Marasmius decurrens Peck, Ann. Rep. N. VY. State’ Mus. 24:77. 1872. Marasmius resinosus niveus Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 67:38. 1903. Marasmius resinosus candidissimus Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 94: 40. 1905. Pileus thin, convex, subcespitose, 8-13 mm. broad; surface minutely tomentose, pure- white, becoming yellowish when dry: lamellae arcuate-decurrent, venose-connected, subdis- tant, narrow, tapering toward each end, white, the edges discolored: spores 6-7 X 4 uw: stipe slender, firm, equal, white, minutely tomentose, 2.5-5 cm. long, 1 mm. thick. ‘The stipe and lamellae are usually dotted with minute, resinous, granular particles. TYPE LocaLity: Albany, New York. Hapsrrat: Vegetable debris upon the ground. Distripurion: New York to Virginia and west to Michigan and Ohio. 115. Marasmius salignus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 35: 135. 1884. Pileus submembranous, convex or plane, 4-10 mm. broad; surface dry, glabrous or subpruinose, white; margin even: lamellae often joined at the base, rarely forking, adnate, subdistant, narrow, white: spores ovoid or subellipsoid, 6-7 X 4 yu: stipe slender, stuffed, reddish-brown, slightly furfuraceous or pruinose, 1.5~2.5 cm. long, 1 mm. thick. TYPE LocaLIty: Bethlehem, New York. Haszirat: Bark of trees. DIstRipution: New York and Pennsylvania. Parr 4, 1915] AGARICACEAE 277 116. Marasmius squamula (Batsch) Pennington. Agaricus squamule Batsch, Elench. Fung. Contin. 1:95. 1786. Helotium melanopus Pers. Te. Descr. Fung. 36. 0. ?Agaricus epiphyllus Pers. Syn. Fung. 468. 1801. Maresmius epiphyllus Fries, Epicr. Myc. 386. 1838. Mearasmius subvenosus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Cab. 23: 125. 1872. Pileus membranous, plane, at length subumbilicate, 2-10 mm. broad; surface plicate, rugose, milk-white, often becoming light-brown in age, margin not striate: lamellae adnate, few, rather narrow, often vein-like, distant, venose-connected, white: spores 8-9 X 34; cystidia awl-shaped, 25-30 X 5 u: stipe equal, inserted, horny, fistulose, brown below, light above, pruinose or very slightly velvety, 2-5 cm. long, 0.5-1 mm. thick. TyP# LocaLity: England. Hasirat: Upon leaves, sticks; etc. DistrisvTion: Temperate North America; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 601, f. 2; Cooke, Brit. Fungi gl. 1137 (1088) A; Sow. Engl. Fungi pl. 93; Pers. Ic. Descr. Fung. 2: pl. 9, ie 7 8 (as Helotium melanopus). EXSICCATI: Cooke, Fungi Brit. 407; Desmaz. Pl. Crypt. 1413; Ellis, Ev. & Barth. Fungi Columb. 2231; Rab.-Wint. Fungi Eur. 1204; Roum. Fungi Gall. 3624; Sydow. Myc. Mar. 202; Thiim. Fungi Austr. 609; Westend. Herb. Crypt. Belge 586; Beck & Zahlbr. Krypt. 303. 117. Marasmius nigripes (Schw.) Fries, Epicr. Myc. 383. 1838. Agaricus nigripes Schw. Schr. Nat. Ges. Leipzig 1:84. 1822. Heliomyces nigripes Morgan, Jour. Myc. 12:93. 1896. Pileus membranous, campanulate, umbonate, 6-12 mm. broad; surface white, pruinose, pellucid, margin striate: lamellae adnate, broad, white or pallid, becoming dark in dried plants: spores angular, 8-9 w: stipe insititious, slightly tapering downward, horny, blackish, white- pruinose, becoming brown in dried plants, 3.5—4 cm. long, 1-2 mm. thick. TYPE LocaLity: North Carolina. Hagirat: Upon vegetable debris in woods. Distrisution: North Carolina, New Jersey, Ohio, and Michigan. InLustTRATIONS: C. G. Lloyd, Myc. Notes 46. f. 19, 20 118. Marasmius perforans (Hoffm.) Fries, Epicr. Myc. 385. 1838. Agaricus perforans Hoffm. Nom. Fung. 215. 1789. Pileus submembranous, plane, not umbilicate, 8-12 mm. broad; surface rugulose, glabrous, pallid, margin not striate: context having a stinking odor, not of onions; lamellae adnate, many dimidiate, simple, crowded, whitish: spores 6-8 X 2-3 wu: stipe equal, hollow, brownish- black, velvety, 2-3 cm. long. Tyre Locality: Germany. Hapirat: Leaves of Abies, sometimes upon leaves of Sthee trees, DIstTRIBUTION: Temperate North America; also in Europ ie. ILLUSTRATIONS: Cooke, Brit. Fungi pl. 1130 (1085) C; Schaeff. Fung. Bavar. pl. 239 (as Agaricus androsaceus). Exsiccatr: Roum. Fungi Sel. 6043. 119. Marasmius praeacutus Ellis, Bull. Torrey Club 6: 76. 1876. Pileus membranous, convex to expanded, subumbilicate, 6-10 mm. broad; surface pul- verulent, white, the disk red-tinged; margin at first incurved, subsulcate, striate: lamellae adnate, more or less forked, hardly crowded, narrow, white: spores 5-6 X 3 u: stipe swollen below but contracted to a point at the base, hollow, reddish-brown, white at the base, pulveru- lent, 2.5 cm. long, 1 mm. thick. In young plants, the swollen part of the stipe constitutes nearly the entire plant. TyvPE Locality: Newfield, New Jersey. Hapirat: On dead leaves, twigs, and bark. DIsTRIBUTION: New York and New Jersey. Exsiccatt: Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 402. 120. Marasmius caricicola C. H. Kauffman, sp. nov. Pileus membranous, somewhat tough, pliant, convex-expanded, obtuse, gregarious, 4-8 mm. broad; surface broadly sulcate or alveolate, pruinose, pure-white: lamellae thick, adnate, 278 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VOLUME 9 very distant, rather broad, pure-white: spores 15-18 X 6-6.5 »; basidia 2- or 4-spored: stipe very short, terete, equal, subglabrous, pure-white, inserted by a naked base, 2 mm. long, 0.7 mum. thick. Type collected upon stems of sedges in marshes near Ann Arbor, Michigan, October, 1907, C. H. Kauffman (herb. Kauffman). . DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 121. Marasmius opacus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Bot. & Kew Misc. 1:99. 1849. Pileus submembranous, convex, often slightly depressed around a central umbo, 5-8 mm, broad; surface rugulose, scarcely striate, opaque, pulverulent, white: lamellae adnexed, distant, ventricose: spores 6-7 X 3 u: stipe insititious, elongate, pulverulent, subfurfuraceous, pallid, 2.5-4 cm. long, 1 mm. thick. TYPE Locality: South Carolina. Hasitat: Fallen leaves and branches. DIstTRIBUTION: South Carolina and Ohio. Exsiccati: Rav. Fungi Car. 3: 6. 122. Marasmius ramulinus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 51: 286. 1898. Pileus very thin, submembranous, broadly convex, subumbilicate, 4-8 mm. broad; surface white, margin nearly even to irregularly plicate-striate: lamellae adnate, rather close, white: spores 7-8 X 3.5-4 uw: stipe slender, inserted, whitish, becoming tawny-red, stuffed, minutely downy or pruinose, 12-18 mm. long. TYPE Locality: Delmar, New York. Hapitat: Dead twigs and herbaceous stems. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 123. Marasmius phyllophilus Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 116: 26. 1907, Pileus membranous, convex or nearly plane, gregarious, 8-16 mm. broad; surface dry, strongly rugose-striate or rugose-sulcate, whitish with a faint pinkish tint when dry: lamellae adnexed, distant, narrow, rounded behind, whitish, the interspaces venose: spores 5-6 X 3—4 u: stipe inserted, slender, equal, tough, hollow, white, covered with whitish downy or velvety pubescence, 20-30 mm. long, 1 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Wading River, New York. HasirarT: On fallen leaves. DistRIBUTION: New York. 124, Marasmius insititius Fries, Epicr. Myc. 386. 1838. Pileus membranous, convex to plane or subumbilicate, 6~12 mm. broad; surface not polished, pale-yellowish-brown, then whitish, margin becoming plicate-sulcate: lamellae un- equal, simple, broadly adnate, distant, narrow in front, pallid: spores 4 X 2.5 « (Massee): stipe inserted, horny, hollow, reddish-brown, floccose-furfuraceous, 2-3 em. long, 1 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Sweden. Hasrrat: Leaves and twigs. DisTRIBUTION: New York to North Carolina and west to Minnesota and Missouri; alsoin Europe. ItiustrRations: Berk. Outl. Brit. Fungol. pl. 14, f. 6. ExsiccaTi: Rab.-Wint. Fungi Eur. 3533. 125. Marasmius tomentosipes Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 29: 71. 1902. ea caulicinalis Sw. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Nya Handl. 29: 82. 1808. Not A. caulicinalis Bull. Marasmius caulicinalis Fries, Epicr. Myc. 383. 1838. Pileus thin, convex, becoming nearly plane, generally umbilicate, gregarious or sub- cespitose, 1-3.5 cm. broad; surface glabrous, widely striate on the margin when moist, golden- yellow, brownish-yellow, or ferruginous, often becoming brown with age: lamellae adnate or Part 4, 1915] AGARICACEAE 279 decurrent, subdistant, thin, arcuate, pale-yellow: spores 6-7 X 3-44: stipe tough, elastic, hollow, blackish-brown, covered with tawny tomentum, which forms minute, meal-like patches at the apex and a more or less dense mat at the base, 2-6 cm. long, 1-1.5 mm. thick. TYPE Locality: Moscow, Idaho. Hasitat: Upon vegetable mold, often among grass or mosses. DisTRIBUTION: Canada to Louisiana; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bres. Fungi Trid. gl. 41; Britz. Hymen. Sudb. pl. 9, f. 3, Marasm. f. 18; Cooke, Brit. Fungi pl. 1134 (1081) B; Sow. Engl. Fungi 1. 163. ExsiccaTr: Clements, Crypt. Form. Colo. 182 (as M. velutipes); Rav. Fungi Am. 467 (as M. flammans Cooke; not M. fammans Berk. 1856); Roum. Fungi Sel. 6648; Thiim, Myc. Univ. 506. 126. Marasmius alienus Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus..139: 25. 1910. Pileus thin, tough, convex, 6-10 mm. broad; surface dry, subpruinose, pallid or pale- buff; margin thin, straight, striate in dry plants: lamellae subarcuate, slightly decurrent, distant, creamy-yellow, becoming brownish: spores 8-10 X 4—5 yu, oblong or narrowly ellipsoid: stipe firm, slender, hollow, pallid, subpruinose, 2.5-5 cm. long, 0.5-1 mm. thick. TYPE LocaLIty: Fine, St. Lawrence County, New York. HasitaT: Mossy, prostrate trunks in woods. DisTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 127. Marasmius felix Morgan, Jour. Myc. 12: 2. 1906. Pileus membranous, convex then expanded, 2-6 mm. broad; surface glabrous, rufescent, pale-rufous or nearly white to testaceous, becoming darker in drying, margin faintly plicate- rugose: lamellae adnate, unequal, some of them forked, distant, rather narrow, white: spores ovoid-oblong, apiculate, 7-9 X 3-4 yw: stipe elongate, capillary, insititious, brown or blackish, white at the apex, minutely pubescent, 2-8 cm. long. TYPE LOCALITY: Preston, Ohio. Hasrrar: On old leaves of Platanus. DISTRIBUTION: Ohio and Michigan. 128. Marasmius badiceps Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 24: 142. 1897. Marasmius badius Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 22: 487. 1895. Not M. badius Berk. & Curt. 1868. Pileus thin, convex, even, 6-15 mm. broad; surface glabrous, bay-brown or reddish- brown, fading in dry plants: lamellae narrow, adnate, subdistant, whitish: spores broadly ellipsoid, 5 X 3 yu: stipe glabrous, hollow, blackish-brown, not fading in dry plants, 2.5 cm. long, 2 mm. thick. ‘TYPE LOCALITY: Kansas. Hasitat: Upon decaying wood in wet ground. DISTRIBUTION: Kansas and: Kentucky. 129. Marasmius leptopus Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 67:25. 1903. Pileus thin, broadly convex or nearly plane, 6-10 mm. broad; surface glabrous, reddish- brown; margin obscurely or rugosely striate: lamellae adnate, close, thin, narrow, white: spores oblong or narrowly ellipsoid, 7.5-9 X 3-4 u: stipe slender, inserted, hollow, whitish or pallid, glabrous, 2.5—4 cm. long, 1 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Botanical Garden, Bronx Park, New York. Hasrrar: Fallen leaves. DIstTRIBUTION: New England to Virginia and west to the Mississippi Valley. 130. Marasmius ramealis (Bull.) Fries, Epicr. Myc. 381. 1838. Agaricus ramealis Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 336. 1786. Marasmius gregarius Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 23: 413. 1896. Collybiopsis ramealis Earle, Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 5: 415. 1909. Pileus subfleshy, plane or depressed, obtuse, 4-9 mm. broad; surface rugulose, opaque, white, the disk with a reddish tint, margin not striate: lamellae adnate, connected behind, sub- distant, narrow, white: spores ovoid, apiculate, 8-10 X 3-3.5 w: stipe short, stuffed, white, -reddish below, farinaceous, 12-18 mm. long, 1 mm. thick, 280 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 TYP LOCALITY: France. Hasitat: Upon twigs and branches. Distrisution: Eastern United States; also in Europe. . ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 336; Bernard, Champ. Roch. pl. 43, f. 4; Britz. Hymen. Sudb. Marasm. f. 31; Cooke, Brit. Fungi pl. 1127 (1082) B; Hard, Mushrooms’ f. 113; Pat. Tab. Fung. No. 123; Swanton, Fungi 9. 10, f. 1; Ricken, Blatterp. Deutschl. pl. 25, f. 7. ae Exsiccatt: Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 1301; Linhart, Fungi Hung. 450; Westend. Herb. Crypt. Belge 131. Marasmius Olneii Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. Ill. 4: 294. 1859. Pileus membranous, convex, then plane or depressed, 8-10 mm. broad; surface glabrous dull, rufescent, margin striate at first, then radiately rugose: lamellae joined to a collar which may become free, subdistant, white, the edges slightly crenulate: spores 9-11 X 4-5 u: stipe pulverulent-tomentose, white, 3.5—4 em. long. TYPE LOCALITY: Rhode Island. Hasirat: Upon dead twigs. DISTRIBUTION: Rhode Island, Virginia, and Michigan. 132. Marasmius filopes Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 24: 77. 1872. Pileus membranous, delicate, convex, subumbilicate, 2mm. broad; surface white, distantly and obscurely striate: lamellae about 6-8, adnexed to a collar, distant, white: spores 7-8 X 3 yu: stipe elongate, filiform, flexed, whitish, glabrous, brownish at the base, 2.5—4 cm. long. Type LocALIty: Indian Lake, New York. Hapitat: Needles of Abies. ; DistRIBUTION: Adirondack Mountains, New York. ILLUSTRATIONS: Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 24: pl. 4, f. 27-29. 133. Marasmius minutissimus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 27: 97. 1875. ?Eomycenella echinocephala Atk. Bot. Gaz. 34:37. 1902. Pileus minute, convex or expanded, 0.5-1 mm. broad; surface white, pubescent, with minute, simple or glandular hairs 30 » long: lamellae few, narrow, often vein-like or almost wanting: spores not found in the type specimens: stipe capillary, minutely pubescent like the pileus, blackish-brown below, pellucid-white above. TYPE LOCALITY: Forestburg, New Vork. Hastrat: Upon fallen leaves. DISTRIBUTION: New York and possibly North Carolina. InLustrations: Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 27: pl. 2, f. 27, 28. 134. Marasmius cucullatus Ellis, Bull. Torrey Club 6: 76. 1876. Pileus thin, campanulate, closing around the stipe when dry, 1-2 mm. broad; surface sulcate-striate, pale-straw-colored: lamellae adnate, about 12, of unequal length, paler than the pileus: spores not found: stipe slender, pale-straw-colored, with thin white tomentum at the base, 5-10 mm. long. ' TYPE LOCALITY: Newfield, New Jersey. Hapirat: Dead twigs of Vaccinium corymbosum. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. Exstccatt: Ellis, N, Am. Fungi 702. 135. Marasmius minutus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 27: 97. 1875, Pileus membranous, convex, 2-4 mm. broad; surface glabrous, reddish-brown, sometimes almost vinous-red, margin striate-sulcate: lamellae unequal, distant, subvenous, sometimes branched, white: spores 8 X 3.5-4 4: stipe capillary, blackish-brown, glabrous, shining, 2.5 em. long. TYPE Locality: Catskill Mountains, New York. Hasirart: Fallen leaves. : Distrisution: New York, Virginia, Wisconsin, and Minnesota. Parr 4, 1915] AGARICACEAE 281 136. Marasmius pyrinus Ellis, Bull. Torrey Club 8: 64. 1881. ?Marasmius capillipes Sace. Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. 8: 162. 1876. Piles membranous, hemispheric, slightly umbilicate, minute, 1-1.5 mm. broad; surface sulcate-striate, rough or spiny under a lens with ovoid, pointed cells, at first pallid, becoming chestnut: lamellae few, distant, white: spores obovoid, 7-8 X 2.5-3; cystidia oblong- fusoid, narrowed to a point above, 12-13 u long: stipe filiform, pallid above, often striate, 6-7 mm. long. Type LocaLiry: Probably New Jersey. HaBitat: Dead pear leaves. DrsrRIBUTION: North America; possibly also in Italy. Exsiccati: Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 401. 137. Marasmius thujinus Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 67: 26. 1903. Pileus membranous, hemispheric or convex, often subumbilicate, 2-3 mm. broad; surface subglabrous, minutely pulverulent-tomentose under a lens, cinereous tinged with lilac, margin distantly striate: lamellae adnate, few, distant, white: spores ellipsoid, pointed, 7-8 K 3-4 uw: stipe capillary, inserted, pallid, dry, pellucid, glabrous, at times slightly brownish or minutely floccose at the base, 12-24 mm. long, scarcely thicker than a hair. Type LocaLity: North Elba, New York. Hasirat: Fallen leaves of Thuja occidentalis. DistrRiBuTION: Known only from the type locality. 138. Marasmius concinnus Ellis & Ev. Proc. Acad. Phila. 1893: 441. 1894. Pileus minute, convex, cespitose, 1 mm. broad; surface pruinose, smoky-brown: lamellae adnate, subdistant, pruinose, the edges obtuse: spores globose, hyaline, 3 u: stipe attenuate above, white, hairy-strigose below, pruinose-pubescent at the apex, 2 mm. long. TYPE LOCALITY: Mt. Cuba, Delaware. HaBitat: Dead Euonymus twigs. DistRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 139. Marasmius alliatus (Schaeff.) Schrét. Krypt.-Fl. Schles. 31: 599. 1889. Agaricus alliatus Schaeff. Fung. Bavar. 4: Ind. 43. 1774. Marasmius scorodonius Fries, Epicr. Myc. 379. 1838. Pileus soft, fleshy, soon expanded, 1-2 em. broad; surface at first even and rufous, soon becoming smooth, rugulose, crisped, and white: context having a strong odor of onions; lamellae adnate, crisped, white: spores.6-8 X 3-4 uw: stipe horny, hollow, equal or enlarged above, red or reddish-brown, glabrous, shining, 2-4 cm. long, 1-2 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Bavaria. Hasrrat: Upon decaying vegetable debris in woods. DISTRIBUTION: Temperate North America; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Fries, Sv. Aetl. Svamp. pl. 32; Britz. Hymen. Sudb. Marasm. f. 8; Cooke. Brit. Fungi pl. 1079 (1125) A; Cordier, Champ. Fr. #1. 14, f. 15; Hard, Mushrooms f. 109; i. & P. Nat. Pfl, **: f. 113, E; Bot. Zeit. 18: ol. 14, 0 15; Pat. Tax. Hymén. 145, pl. 2; Ricken, Blatterp. Deutschl. pl. 25, f. 6; Schaeff. Fung. Bavar. pl. 9. EXSICCATI: Herpell, Prap. ied 1 12; Jacz. Fungi Rossiae 181; Krieger, Fungi Sax. 367; Rab.- Wint. Fungi Eur. 1803; Romell, Fungi Scand. 1; Roum. Fungi Sel. 5504; Sydow, Myc. Germ. 852; Sydow, Myc. Mar. 304. 140. Marasmius delectans Morgan, Jour. Myc. 11: 206. 1905. Pileus subcoriaceous, convex, then expanded and depressed, 1-2 cm. broad; surface glabrous, rugulose, white, changing in drying to yellow or pale-alutaceous: lamellae emarginate- adnexed, subdistant, slightly venose-connected, moderately broad, unequal, white: spores lance-oblong, 7-9 X 4: stipe long, slender, slightly tapering upward, arising from abundant white mycelium, glabrous, shining, brown, white at the apex, 3~5 cm. long, 1-1.5 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Ohio. Hasirat: On old leaves in deciduous woods. DISTRIBUTION: New York to Michigan and Ohio. ILLUSTRATIONS: Hard, Mushrooms f. 114; Myc. Bull. f. 200. 282 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA EvouuMy 9 141. Marasmius calopus (Pers.) Fries, Epicr. Myc. 379. 1838. Agaricus calopus Pers. Syn. Fung. 373. 1801. Pileus soft, fleshy, convex to plane or depressed, 8-18 mm. broad; surface smooth, becom- ing rugose, lighttyellow or white: lamellae emarginate-adnexed, thin, white: spores 7 X 44: stipe equal, reddish-brown, glabrous, not mycelioid, shining. TYPE LOCALITY: France. Hasrrar: Grass roots and among leaves in woods. : ae . DISTRIBUTION: New Vork to the Carolinas and west to Ohio and Michigan; also in Europe. InLusTRaTIONS: Britz. Hymen. Sudb. Marasm. f. 26, 43; Cooke, Brit. Fungi pl. 1125 (1079) B. Exsiccati:? Rav. Fungi Am. 785. 142. Marasmius glabellus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 26: 66. 1874. Pileus membranous, convex to expanded, 6-15 mm. broad; surface dark-ochraceous, often roughened on the disk, pruinose with cystidia, margin distantly striate: lamellae free, unequal, interveined, distant, broad, ventricose, whitish: spores 9 < 4.5; cystidia pointed, 30-40 uw long: stipe horny, equal, hollow, reddish-brown or chestnut, glabrous, shining, white at the apex, thickened and mycelioid at the base, 2.5-5 cm. long, 1 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Worcester, New York. Hasirat: Fallen leaves. DISTRIBUTION: Temperate North America. Exsiccati: Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 910; Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 501. 143. Marasmius bellipes Morgan, Jour. Myc. 11: 207. 1905. Pileus thin, subfleshy, campanulate, then expanded, 1.5-2.5 cm. broad; surface glabrous pale-pinkish to purplish, margin plicate-sulcate: lamellae approximate, subdistant, moderately broad, equal, white: spores lance-shaped, 10-12 X 3-4 yw: stipe long, slender, thicker upward, brown and shining below, purplish at the apex, glabrous, arising from abundant mycelium, 4-6 cm. long, 1 mm. thick. TYPE Locality: Ohio. HasirtatT: Old leaves of deciduous trees. DISTRIBUTION: New York, Ohio, and Michigan. 144. Marasmius plicatulus Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 24: 142. 1897. Pileus submembranous, convex or subcampanulate, 2-3 cm. broad; surface glabrous even when moist, sulcate or striate when dry, dark-vinous-red inclining to bay-brown: lamellae slightly adnexed, subdistant, rather broad, narrowed behind, whitish: spores subellipsoid, apiculate at one end, narrowed at other, 10-13 X 5~7 u: stipe slender, hollow, radicating and blackish-brown at the base, with dense, white villosity, red and glabrous above, shining, often striate when dry, 6-10 cm. long. TYPE LocaLity: Southern California. HasiraT: Fallen leaves and vegetable debris. DISTRIBUTION: Western North America. 145. Marasmius rotula (Scop.) Fries, Epicr. Myc. 385. 1838. Agaricus rotula Scop. Fl. Carn. ed. 2.2: 456. 1772. Agaricus androsaceus Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 64. 1781. Pileus membranous, convex, umbilicate, gregarious or subcespitose, 3-10 mm. broad; surface plicate, not polished, whitish, often light-brown in dried plants, the disk sometimes darker: lamellae few, broad, distant, joined together behind into a free collar, whitish: spores 6-8 X 3-4 u: stipe fistulose, horny, smooth, shining, blackish-brown, inserted or arising from rhizomorphic strands, 2-5 em. long. TYPE Locality: Carniola. Haszirat: Upon dead leaves, wood, or bark. DISTRIBUTION: Temperate North America; also in Europe. Part 4, 1915] AGARICACEAK 283 ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. Herb. Fr. p1. 64, pl. 569, f. 3; Cooke, Brit. Fungi pl. 1129 (1084) A; E. & P. Nat. Pf. 14**: f. 113; Gill. Champ. Fr. pl. 198 (443), f. 1; Hard, Mushrooms f. 108; Ricken, Blatterp. Deutschl. pl. 25, f. 10; Sow. Engl.-Fungi pl. 95. Exsiccati: Cavara, Fungi Longob. 20; Cooke, Fungi Brit. 302; Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 2501; Kriegen, Fungi Sax. 225; Roum. Fungi Gall. 2605, 4013; Roum. Fungi Sel. 5902; Shear, N. Y. Fungi 22; Sydow, Myc. Mar. 303; Sydow, Myc. Germ. 851; Westend. Herb. Crypt. Belge 1282. 146. Marasmius albiceps Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 43: 67 (21). 1890. Pileus membranous, convex or campanulate, 5 mm. broad; surface glabrous, white: lamellae adnate or arcuate-decurrent, distant, broad, white: spores obovoid, 6-7 X 3-4 u: stipe horny, setiform, black, paler at the apex, glabrous, growing from a brown mycelium, 16-36 mm. long. Type LOCALITY: Manor, New York. Hasrrat: Among fallen branches in woods. DisTRIBUTION:, New York and Michigan. 147. Marasmius straminipes Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 26: 66. 1874. Pileus membranous, hemispheric or convex, 2.5-8 mm. broad; surface glabrous, white, margin striate: lamellae adnexed, distant, unequal, white, yellow in drying: spores 7 X 3.5 mu: stipe horny, filiform, pale-straw-colored, pallid when dry, brownish at the base, glabrous, shining, 2.5-5 cm. long. TYPE LOCALITY: Center, New York. Hasirat: Fallen leaves of Pinus rigida. Distrisution: Newfoundland and New York. Exsiccati: ?Hllis, N. Am. Fungi 701. 148, Marasmius capillaris Morgan, Jour. Cine. Soc. Nat. Hist. 6: 194. 1883. Pileus membranous, convex, umbilicate, 2~5 mm. broad; surface plicate-sulcate, very minutely wrinkled, alutaceous to umber, white at the center: lamellae equal, broad, white, attached to a free collar: spores 8-10 X 4-5 uw: stipe capillary, very long, inserted, black, paler at the apex, glabrous, shining, 5—6 cm. long. TYPE LOCALITY: Miami Valley, Ohio. Hasitat: Upon old leaves and sticks in woods. DISTRIBUTION: New York to Michigan and south to Alabama. 149. Marasmius graminum (Libert) Berk. & Br.; Berk. Outl. Brit. Fungol. 222. 1860. Agaricus graminum Labert, Pl. Crypt. 119. 1832. Pileus membranous, convex to plane, umbonate, 3-6 mm. broad; surface reddish-white, becoming darker in dried plants, margin sparingly sulcate: lamellae free with a collar, equal, distant, whitish: spores 9 X 4.5 u: stipe capillary, tough, black or pallid at the apex, glabrous, shining. TYPE LOCALITY: France. HasitaT: Dead grass. DISTRIBUTION: Temperate North America; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Berk. Outl. Brit. Fungol. pl. 14, f. &. Exsiceati: Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 2301; Rav. Fungi Am. 105. 150. Marasmius siccus (Schw.) Fries, Epicr. Myc. 382. 1838. Agaricus siccus Schw. Schr. Nat. Ges. Leipzig 1: 84. 1822. Marasmius campanulaius Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Cab. 23: 126. 1872. Marasmius fulviceps Clements, Bot. Surv. Nebr. 4: 20. 1896. Not M. fulviceps Berk. 1847. Marasmius Clementsianus Sacc. & Sydow, in Sacc. Syll. Fung. 14: 101. 1899. Pileus membranous, convex or campanulate, solitary or gregarious, 6-15 mm. broad; surface dry, glabrous, ochraceous, sometimes pink, rarely gray in dry plants; margin radiate- 284 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLumME 9 sulcate: lamellae subfree, narrowed behind, few, distant, broad, white: spores 12-15 X 6-7 My, rarely 20 long: stipe’slender, not capillary, tough, hollow, blackish-brown, glabrous, shining, 2.5-5 cm. long, 1-2 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: South Carolina. Hasirat: Dead leaves in woods. eft DisTRIBUTION: New England to South Carolina and west to the Mississippi Valley. ILLUSTRATIONS: Hard, Mushrooms f. (10-111. 4 Exsiccati: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 1591; Thiim. Myc. Univ. 2104; Underw. & Cook, Illust. ‘fungi 5. 151. Marasmius melanopus Morgan, Jour. Cinc. Soc. Nat. Hist. 18: 36. 1895. Pileus membranous, convex, 4-6 mm. broad; surface glabrous, purplish-gray, margin not striate: lamellae adnate, subdistant, rather broad, purplish-gray: spores obovoid, apiculate, 5-6 X 2.5 w: stipe slender, hollow, black, shining, smooth, 2-4 em. long. TYPE LOCALITY: Preston, Ohio. Hasitat: Dead leaves. DistRiButTION: New York to Michigan and Ohio. 152. Marasmius pulcherripes Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 24: 77. 1872. Pileus membranous, campanulate, obtuse, 4-8 mm. broad; surface distantly striate, dry, glabrous, soft-maroon or vinous-red: lamellae free, few, distant, ascending, narrow: spores 12-14 X 4 y: stipe strict, brownish-black, clear-red at the apex, glabrous, shining, 2.5-4 cm. long, 0.5 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Garrison, New York. Hasitart: Sticks and leaves. Disrrisution: New York to Virginia. InLustrations: Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 24: pl. 4, f. 19-22. 153. Marasmius androsaceus (L.) Fries, Epicr. Myc. 385. 1838. Agaricus androsaceus I. Sp. Pl. 1125. 1753. Pileus membranous, convex, subumbilicate, 3-12 mm. broad; surface glabrous, fuscous or often with a pinkish tint, sometimes nearly white, margin striate: lamellae simple, distinct, subdistant, adnate, whitish: spores ovoid-ellipsoid or oblong, 6-9 X 3 uw: stipe horny, contorted and sulcate when dry, hollow, black, glabrous, 2-5 cm. long, 0.5 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Sweden. Hasitat: Upon dead leaves in woods. DISTRIBUTION: Temperate North America; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bolt. Hist. Fung. pl. 32; Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 569, f. 2; Cooke, Brit. Fungi pl. 1129 (1084) C; Gill. Champ. Fr. pl. 439, f. 1; Hard, Mushrooms f. 103; Ricken, Blatterp. Deutschl. pl. 25, f. 6; Sow. Engl. Fungi pl. 94. Exsiccati: D. Sace. Myce. Ital. J; Roum. Fungi Sel. 6943; Sydow, Myc. Mar. 601; Sydow, Myc. Germ. 301. DovUBTFUL AND EXCLUDED SPECIES Heliomyces? Plunuerit Lév. Ann. Sci. Nat. III. 2: 178. 1844. Based on Plumier’s pl. 168, drawn from a West Indian plant. It is apparently near Marasmius Berterot. Marasmius albomarginatus Clements, Bot. Surv. Nebr. 3: 20. 1894. The single type specimen examined seems to be a small species of Mycena. Marasmius alliaceus (Jacq.) Fries, Epicr. Myc. 383. 1838. Reported from North Carolina by Cooke, Curtis, and Schweinitz; from Pennsylvania by Schweinitz; and from Minensota by Johnson. The Schweinitz and Johnson specimens have been destroyed and the others are not available for examination. Marasmius amadelphus (Bull.) Fries, Epicr. Myc. 380. 1838. Reported from Missouri by Winter and Demetrius. Specimens are not available for examination. Qo Part 4, 1915] AGARICACEAE 28 Marasmius arecarius tenellus Fries, Nova Acta Soc. Sci. Upsal. III. 1: 30. 1851. De- scribed from specimens collected by Oersted at Morningstar, Santa Cruz Island, on stems of Areca. A small colored figure, which gives very little idea of the plant, may still be seen at Copenhagen. No specimens have been preserved. Marasmius bombycirhiza Berk. & Cooke; Cooke, Grevillea 6: 129. 1878. Reported from Florida. Specimens are not available for examination. Marasmius brevipes Berk. & Rav.; Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag..Nat. Hist. II. 12: 426. 1853. Described from South Carolina. Specimens are not available for examination. Marasmius candidus (Bolt.) Fries, Epicr. Myc. 381. 1838. Reported from Cuba and various parts of the United States. Specimens available for examination are either doubtful or referred to other species. Marasmius clavaeformis Berk. Lond. Jour. Bot. 6: 316. 1847. Reported from Ohio; specimens are not available for examination. Specimens at Kew from North and South Carolina are of doubtful determination. Marasmius (Mycena) cucurbitula Mont. Syll. Crypt. 141. 1856. Reported from Ohio. Specimens are not available for examination. Marasmius Curreyi Berk. & Br. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. V. 3: 209. 1879. Reported from Alabama by Atkinson. Specimens are not available for examination. It is doubtful if this species is distinct from M. graminum (Libert) Berk. Marasmius haematocephalus (Mont.) Fries, Epicr. Myc. 382. 1838. Reported from North Carolina by Curtis and from Rhode Island by Bennett. Specimens are not available for examination. Marasmius impudicus Fries, Epicr. Myc. 377. 1838. Reported from New York by Peck. Peck’s specimens are doubtful; they are evidently not M. impudicus Fries of Europe. Marasmius Juglandis Berk. & Curt.; Sacc. Syll. Fung. 9: 67. 1891. Collected in Alabama by Peters. The specimens are not available for examination. Marasmius (Mycena) leucocephalus Mont. Syll. Crypt. 142. 1856. Reported from Ohio by Sullivant. Specimens are not available or examination. Marasmius (Mycena) macrorrhizus Mont. Syll. Crypt. 142. 1856. Reported from Ohio by Sullivant. Specimens are not available for examination. Marasmius Morganianus Sumst. Mycologia 6: 35. 1914. Marasmius nuptialis Morgan, Jour. Myc. 11: 238. 1905. Described from Ohio plants by Morgan. The type specimens have been lost and no others are available for examination. Marasmius papillosus Clements, Bot. Surv. Nebr. 3: 21. 1894. The type specimens are doubtful. They seem to be a species of Mycena. Marasmius plancus Fries, Epicr. Myc. 375. 1838. Reported from North Carolina in Curtis’ Catalogue; Massachusetts by Frost; Minnesota by Johnson; Ohio by Kellerman and Underwood; Rhode Island by Bennett; and from New York by Peck. Peck’s plants were later referred to M. subnudus. Other specimens are doubtful or not available for examination. Marasmius pruinatus Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. III. 4: 295. 1859. Described from material sent from New England by Sprague. Specimens are not available for examina- tion. - Marasmius pruinosus Fries, Nova Acta Soc. Sci. Upsal. III.,1: 32. 1851. Described from plants collected by Oersted on rotten wood in Costa Rica. The drawing preserved at Copenhagen reminds one of a small white species of Mycena. No specimens were found and the description is inadequate. Marasmius pusio Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. II. 12: 426. 1853. Described from material sent from South Carolina by Ravenel. This may be a Mycena, near M. corticola Schum. Specimens are not available for examination. Marasmius pyrrhocephalus Berk. Lond. Jour. Bot. 6: 316. 1847. Described from material sent from Ohio. Specimens are not available for examination. 286 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 Marasmius (Mycena) rigidus Mont. Syll. Crypt. 143. 1856. Described from material sent from Ohio by Sullivant. Specimens are not available for examination. Marasmius saccharinus (Batsch) Fries, Epicr. Myc. 386. 1838. Reported from Ohio by Hard. All specimens examined have been referred to M. squamula. Marasmius Suilivantii Mont. Syll. Crypt. 143. 1856. Described from material sent from Ohio by Sullivant. Specimens are not available for examination. Marasmius sulphureus Johnson, Bull. Minn. Acad. Sci. 1: 337. 1878. Specimens are not available for examination. Marasmius tener Berk. & Curt. Proc. Am. Acad. 4: 121. 1858. This minute species, described from Wright’s collections in the Bonin Islands, was reported from South Carolina and Cuba. ‘The original description is very brief. Marasmius Vaillantii Fries, Epicr. Myc. 380. 1838. Reported from North Carolina by Curtis. Specimens are not available for examination. Marasmius viticola Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. II]. 4: 295. 1859. Described from material sent from Alabama. Reported also from Maine, New York, Ohio, and Michigan. Specimens examined should’ be referred to M. dichrous Berk. & Curt. or to M. foetidus Fries, 21. POLYMARASMIUS Murrill, gen. nov. Pileus small, thin, membranous, reviving, glabrous or nearly so: lamellae adnate to a collar: spores hyaline: stipe compound, rhizomorphic, the fertile branches central and capillary: veil none. Type species, Marasmius multiceps Berk. & Curt. Pileus 6 mm. broad. 1. P. mulliceps. Pileus 2 mm. broad. Surface white, bay on the umbo. °2. P. submulticeps. Surface bay throughout. 3. P. sarmentosus. 1. Polymarasmius multiceps (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Marasmius multiceps Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 298. 1868. Pileus hemispheric, umbilicate, blackish-papillate, cespitose, 6 mm. broad; surface white, glabrous, transversely rugose, margin sulcate: lamellae white, ventricose, few, adnate to a collar: common rhizomorphic stipe long, creeping, proliferous, black, glabrous; fertile stipe vertical, black, glabrous, 1.2—2.5 cm. long. TYPE LocaLity: Cuba. Hapitat: On dead logs in woods. DisTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 2. Polymarasmius submulticeps Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus hemispheric, distinctly umbonate, 2 mm. broad; surface white, deeply sulcate, glabrous, the umbo hemispheric and dull-bay or chestnut, margin entire, concolorous: lamellae broad, distant, adnate to a collar, white: fertile stipe short, smooth, glabrous, black, highly polished, rigid, cylindric, usually 5 mm. long and 0.5 mm. thick; common rhizomorphic stipe similar in appearance, but long and creeping, with many branches which bear the small hymenophores. Type collected on dead wood and humus in British Honduras, 1906, Morton E. Peck (herb. N.Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 3. Polymarasmius sarmentosus (Berk.) Murrill. Marasmius sarmentosus Berk. Lond. Jour. Bot. 5:2. 1846. Marasmius tomentellus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 298. 1868. Pileus hemispheric to convex, at first umbonate, 1-2.5 mm. broad; surface fulvous to sub- spadiceous, margin involute to expanded, entire, densely silky, sulcate: lamellae few, concolor- Part 4, 1915] AGARICACEAE 287 ous: common rhizomorphic stipe long, black, whitish-pubescent to glabrous; fertile stipe short, pubescent, blackish, about 4 mm. long. TYPE LOCALITY: Jamaica. Hazrat: On dead wood and leaves. DISTRIBUTION: Jamaica, Cuba, Porto Rico, and Guadeloupe; also in Brazil. 22. CRINIPELLIS Pat. Jour. de Bot. 3: 336. 1889. Pileus thin, reviving, conspicuously decorated with threadlike hairs, scales, or spines: lamellae adnate or adnexed: spores hyaline; veil none; stipe central, slender, tubular. Type species, Collybia stipitaria Fries. Pileus 1-2.5 cm. broad. ‘Temperate species. 1. C. sonata. ‘Tropical species. 2. C. sublivida. Pileus less than 1 cm. broad. Pileus papillate or umbonate. Stipe 2-6 cm. long; pileus usually grayish. 3. C. scabella. Stipe 1-2 em. long; pileus fulvous. 4. C. stupparia. Pileus neither papillate nor umbonate. Surface villose. Stipe 0.5-1 cm. long; temperate species. Stipe 4 cm. long; tropical species. Surface echinulate. C. alnicola. C. squamifolia. . C. echinulata. 19 NON 1. Crinipellis zonata (Peck) Pat. Tax. Hymén. 143. 00. Agaricus (Collybia) zonatus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 24: 61. 1872. Pileus fleshy, thin, convex or nearly plane, umbilicate, commonly cespitose, 12-24 mm. broad ;.surface fibrillose-tomentose, tawny or ochraceous-tawny, sometimes faintly marked with darker zones: lamellae narrow, close, free, white or whitish, with white, pulverulent edges: spores ellipsoid, 5-7 3.5-4.5 u: stipe firm, equal, hollow, fibrillose-tomentose, tawny or brownish-tawny, 2.5—5 cm. long, 2 mm. thick. TYPE Locauity: Albany, New York. Hasrtat: On decaying wood. DistriBuTion: New York to Alabama and west to Indiana. 2. Crinipellis sublivida Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex, solitary, 2 cm. broad; surface between lilac and livid, darker at the center, tufted-fibrillose, margin striate, concolorous: lamellae free or adnexed, pale-lilac, distant, in- serted, rather narrow: stipe paler than the pileus, scabrous above, tomentose below, whitish at the base, 2 cm. long, 1 mm. thick. Type collected on dead fallen sticks in a virgin forest at Motzorongo, near Cordoba, Mexico, January 15, 1910, W. A. & Edna L. Murrill 1047 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DistTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 3. Crinipellis scabella (Alb. & Schw.) Murrill. Agaricus scabellus Alb. & Schw. Consp. Fung. 189. 1805. ? Agaricus caulicinalis Bull.; DC. Fl. Fr. 2: 192. 1805. Agaricus (Collybia) stipitarius Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 138. 1821. Pileus thin, submembranous, campanulate-convex or nearly plane, umbilicate, 6-12 mm. broad; surface sometimes with a minute blackish papilla in the umbilicus, fibrillose-hairy or squamulose, usually grayish, sometimes grayish-tawny, tawny, or brownish: lamellae adnexed, sometimes separating and becoming free, subdistant, white: spores ellipsoid, 6-7.5 X4 u, with an oblique apiculus at one end: stipe slender, fibrillose-hairy, brown, the fibrillose coating gray or tawny, tough, stuffed or hollow, 2-6 cm. long, 0.7-1 mm. thick. TYPE LocaLiry: Germany. Hasirar: On dead stems, twigs, roots, and leaves. DisTRIBuTION: Eastern United States west to the Rocky Mountains; tropical North America; also in Europe. : InLusTRATIONS: Alb. & Schw. Consp. Fung. #1. 9, f. 6; Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 522, f. 1. Exsiccatt: R. Maire, Myc. Bor.-Afr. 19; Krieger, Fungi Sax. 366; Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 1201; Desmaz. Pl. Crypt. 2018; Rab.-Wint. Fungi Eur. 3534. 288 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLumE 9 4. Crinipellis stupparia (Berk. & Curt.) Pat. Tax. Hymén. 143. 1900. Agaricus (Collybia)stupparius Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 285. 1868. Pileus convex to plane, subcostate, rather thin, umbonate to umbonate-depressed, 2-8 mm. broad; surface fulvous, densely covered with long, overlapping, fibrillose, fulvous scales: lamellae broad, rather crowded, adnate to a collar, white to discolored: spores ovoid, smooth, hyaline or slightly yellowish, granular, 7-9 X5~7 4; stipe slender, equal, concolorous, coarsely and conspicuously villose-hispid, with fulvous, subfasciculate hairs, 1-2 cm. long, about 0.5 mm. thick. TYPE LocaLity: Cuba. Hasrrat: On fallen dead sticks in woods. DistTRiBuUTION: Cuba, Bermuda, and Mexico. 5. Crinipellis alnicola Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus subglobose to convex, rather firm, gregarious, 5-8 mm. broad; surface densely villose, chestnut-colored, not becoming glabrous, margin concolorous, involute, strongly inflexed on drying: lamellate adnate, rather broad and distant, pallid, the edges finely notched: stipe clothed and colored like the pileus, pallid and tomentose at the apex, cylindric, equal, spongy-stuffed, with a cortex, 5-10 mm. long, 1-1.5 mm. thick. Type collected on dead alder trunks in dense woods near Seattle, Washington, October 20- November 1, 1911, W. A. Murrill 561 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 6. Crinipellis squamifolia Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus conic to convex, not expanding, solitary or gregarious, 1 cm. broad and 5 mm. high; surface melleous, conspicuously covered with long, loose, shaggy, ferruginous-fulvous hairs, margin entire, even, concolorous: lamellae distant, adnate, ventricose, very pale russet to gray- ish, covered with hyaline or yellowish scales, which are irregular, angular, about 12-14 X7-9 yu; spores ovoid, smooth, hyaline, 7X5 u: stipe cylindric, equal, enlarged at the base, pallid, with conspicuous, ferruginous hairs similar to those on the pileus, becoming subglabrous with age at the apex, 4 cm. long, 1.5 mm. thick. Type collected in soil on a moist bank among dead sticks at Chester Vale, Jamaica, December 21-24, 1908, W. A. & Edna L. Murrill 271 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DistriBuTIon: Jamaica and Mexico, at 1000-2000 m. elevation. 7. Crinipellis echinulata Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus globose to subexpanded, convex, tough, opaque, gregarious, 5 mm. broad; surface radiate-sulcate, bay to chestnut, conspicuously covered with pointed, concolorous spines, which are more prominent on the disk in mature plants: lamellae broad, crowded, whitish: spores globose to subglobose, smooth, hyaline, 4—6 u; stipe slender, smooth, glabrous, dark-avellaneous to fuscous, 1~2.5 cm. long, about 0.5 mm. thick. Type collected on a fallen dead trunk in woods at Orizaba, Mexico, January 10-14, 1910, W. A. & Edna L. Murrill 852 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 23. LENTINUS Fries, Syst. Orbis Veg. 77. 1825. Pocillaria (P. Br.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 865. 1891. Panus Fries, Epicr. Myc. 396. 1838. Pileus thin, coriaceous, reviving, umbilicate or infundibuliform: lamellae decurrent: spores hyaline: stipe central, rarely eccentric, solid, more or less woody: veil none. Type species, Lentinus tuber-regium Fries. Pileus glabrous. ‘Temperate species. Pileus 1-3 ecm. broad. Pileus and stipe white or yellowish; odor very agreeable. i : : 1. L. suavissi: : Pileus and stipe brownish-tan; odor not noticeable. aeerrsetbians 2. L. umbilicatus. Part 4, 1915] AGARICACEAE 289 Pileus 5-12 em. broad. 3. L. carneotomeniosus. Tropical species. Pileus white or whitish at maturity, less than 1 em. broad. 4. L. ovizabensis. Pileus isabelline at maturity. Hymenophore mostly solitary; spores 7 X4 yu. 5. L. graminicola. Hymenophore gregarious to cespitose; spores 3.5 X2.5 yu. 6. L. subscyphoides. Pileus reddish-brown at maturity. Pileus 1-1.5 cm. broad. 7. L. seyphoides, Pileus 6-8 cm. broad. 8. L. tubarius. Pileus eRe scaly or coarsely fasciculate-scaly. Pileus 1.5-2.5 cm. broad; temperate species. 9. L. sulcatus, Pileus 3-8 em. broad; tropical species. Pileus 3-5 em. broad; surface white or yellowish with concolorous pyramidal fascicles. 10. L. pyramidatus. Pileus 5-8 cm. broad; surface white with brown, spot-like scales. 11. L. albellus. Pileus conspicuously velvety, strigose, or hispid, becoming glabrous at times in a few species. Pileus 2-7 cm. broad. Stipe glabrous or nearly so. 12. L. crinitus. Stipe conspicuously velvety or tomentose. Pileus isabelline; usually eccentric. 13. L. strigosus. Pileus dark-fulvous; confined to the tropics. 14. L. strigellus. Pileus pale-cinnamon to chestnut-brown; stipe slender, con- colorous. 15. L. velutinus. Pileus 8—20 cm. broad. Stipe 5-8 cm. long; temperate species. 16. L. levis. Stipe 1-2.5 cm. long; tropical species. Pileus white; spores narrowly ellipsoid, 6-8 X3-3.5 u 17. L. hirtus, Pileus isabelline; spores oblong-ellipsoid or somewhat fusiform, 4-5 X1.5-2 yp. 18. L. hirtiformis. 1. Lentinus suavissimus Fries, Syn. Gen. Lent. 13. 1836. Pileus thin, tough, peltate, convex and umbilicate or centrally depressed, 1.2-3 cm. broad; surface glabrous, even or striate on the margin, whitish to yellowish: context white, the odor agreeable, resembling that of melilot; lamellae denticulate, decurrent, sometimes wavy and anastomosing at the base, whitish or yellowish: spores minute, 5—6 X 2.5-3 w: stipe very short or obsolete, central, eccentric or almost lateral, white or whitish, about 2 mm. long and 2 mm. thick. Type Locatity: Smoland, Sweden. Hasrrat: Dead branches of willow and certain other deciduous trees. DistrisuTion: Northeastern United States; also in Europe. 2. Lentinus umbilicatus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 28: 51. 1876. Lentinus omphalodes Fries, Hymen. Eur. 485. 1874. Not L. omphalodes Berk. & Curt. 1872. Lentinus americanus Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 29:72. 1902. Lentinus piceinus Peck, Bull. N. ¥. State Mus. 150: 33. 1911. Pileus fleshy but thin, tough, deeply umbilicate, gregarious to cespitose, 8-24 mm. broad; surface glabrous, hygrophanous, brownish-tan when moist, paler when dry; margin irregular or lobed: context having an agreeable taste and odor; lamellae adnate or decurrent, serrate on the edges, whitish: spores subglobose, hyaline, 4-6 u: stipe slender, glabrous, nearly even, tough, stuffed or hollow, central or eccentric, colored like the pileus, varying in length, 2-24 mm. long, 2-3 mm. thick. Type LOCALITY: Lake Pleasant, New York. HasiraT: On decayed deciduous or coniferous wood. DistRIBUTION: Maine to Virginia and west to Idaho. In_ustrations: Ann. Rep. N. ¥. State Mus. 28: pl. 1, f. 15-19. 3. Lentinus carneotomentosus (Batsch) Schrét. Krypt.-Fl. Schles. 31: 554. 1889. Agaricus flabelliformis Schaeff. Fung. Bavar. 4: Ind. 20.1774. Not A. flabelliformis Scop. Agaricus carneotomentosus Batsch, Elench. Fung. 89. 1783. Agaricus conchatus Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 298. 1786. Agaricus torulosus Pers. Syn. Fung. 475. 1801. Agaricus inconstans Pers. Syn. Fung. 475. 1801. Panus torulosus Fries, Epicr. Myc. 397, 1838. 1772. 290 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 9 Panus conchatus Fries, Epicr. Myc. 398. 1838. Panus flabelliformis Quél. Fl. Myc. Fr. 325. 1888. Pileus soft-fleshy to coriaceous, varying in shape from nearly circular with eccentric stipe to flabelliform or dimidiate with lateral stipe, plane to depressed, infundibuliform at times, usually cespitose, 5-10 X6-12 cm.; surface glabrous and polished, faintly radiate-striate, be- coming squamulose at times with age, isabelline to cinnamon, sometimes tinged with lilac, opaque and varying in color when young, margin involute, concolorous, often distinctly lobed: context easily torn but flaccid and drying thin, taste rather mild; lamellae decurrent, narrow, close, rather firm, dull-white with a rosy tint, becoming somewhat ochraceous, a few of them forking: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 6.5-7 X4-5 u: stipe short, unequal, oblique, eccentric to lateral, pruinose to grayish-tomentose, whitish or concolorous, pubescent at the base, 2-4 cm. long, about 1.5 em. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Jena, Germany. Hawirar: On dead trunks of various deciduous trees. DistRIBUTION: Eastern United States and west to Minnesota and Kansas; also in Europe. InLusrrations: Gill. Champ. Fr. pl. 249 (511); Hard, Mushrooms f. 180; Lanzi, Funghi Mang. pl. 44, f. 3; Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 298. 4, Lentinus orizabensis Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus minute, convex, umbilicate, solitary, 5-8 mm. broad; surface glabrous, smooth, white tinged with yellow, margin concolorous, entire to lobed, involute: lamellae several times inserted, narrow, distant, adnate to somewhat decurrent, ochraceous-isabelline, the edges entire: stipe short, thick, milk-white, smooth, pruinose, central or slightly eccentric, subequal, about 3 mm. long and 1.5 mm. thick. Type collected on a dead fallen banana leaf in an orchard at Orizaba, Mexico, January 10-14, 1910, W. A. & Edne L. Murrill 813 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DistRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 5. Lentinus graminicola Murrill, Mycologia 3:33. 1911. Pileus small, regular, funnel-shaped, mostly solitary, 2-3 cm. broad, the central depression about 5 mm. wide; surface glabrous, smooth, isabelline; margin fibrillose, concolorous, deflexed on drying: context thin, rigid when dry; lamellae white, of medium breadth and distance apart, unequal, decurrent, edges entire: spores smooth, ovoid, hyaline, 7X4 u: stipe gradually enlarged above, abruptly swollen at the base, glabrous, smooth, concolorous, solid, 2-3 cm. long, 2-3 mm. thick. Type LOCALITY: Herradura, Cuba. Hapitat: Among grass attached to old grass roots. DIstRIBUTION: Western Cuba. 6. Lentinus subscyphoides Murrill, Mycologia 3: 34. 1911. Pileus very thin, nearly regular, funnel-shaped, gregarious to cespitose, 2-4 em. broad; surface smooth, glabrous, avellaneous tinged with russet or fuliginous when young, becoming isabelline at maturity; margin involute, concolorous, glabrous: context thin, tough, rigid on drying; lamellae lilac when young, changing to isabelline, narrow, crowded, unequal, decurrent, a few of them bifurcate at the base, edges entire: spores ovoid, smooth, hyaline, 3.52.5 p: stipe long, slender, slightly enlarged above and below, cinereous, pruinose, 2-3.5 em. long, 1.5-2.5 mm. thick. ‘TPE LOCALITY: Moore Town, Jamaica. Hapirat: On dead sticks in dense woods. DISTRIBUTION: Jamaica, Martinique, Porto Rico, and British Honduras. 7. Lentinus scyphoides Pat. Bull. Soc. Myc. Fr. 15: 195. 1899. Pileus regular, thin, membranous, deeply depressed, 10-15 mm. broad ; surface glabrous, shining, reddish-brown, margin incurved, not striate: lamellae unequal, long-decurrent, crowded, narrow, rather thick, entire, ochraceous: spores ovoid, smooth, hyaline, 43 u: stipe slender, short, pruinose, ochraceous, slightly thickened below, 15-20 mm. long. TYPE Locality: Guadeloupe. Hapsitat: On dead branches on the ground. DisTRIBUTION: Guadeloupe. Parr 4, 1915] AGARICACEAE 291 8. Lentinus tubarius Pat. Bull. Soc. Myc. Fr. 15: 194. 1899 Pileus soft, deeply depressed, solitary or gregarious, 6-8 cm. broad; surface glabrous, reddish-brown, margin striate, more or less lobed, incurved: lamellae unequal, not anastomosing, long-decurrent, crowded, very narrow, denticulate, concolorous or darker: spores ovoid, smooth, hyaline, 53 4; stipe cylindric, velvety-furfuraceous, ochraceous-red, firm, solid, 10-15 cm. long. TYPE LocaLity: Guadeloupe. Hastirat: On a trunk of Rollinia Sieberi. DisTRisuTION: Guadeloupe. 9. Lentinus sulcatus Berk. Lond. Jour. Bot. 4: 301. 1845. Lentinus pholiotoides Ellis & And. Bot. Gaz. 16:45. 1891. Panus fulvidus Bres. Fungi Trid. 2:56. 1898. Pileus fleshy, thin, tough, conic, becoming hemispheric or convex, 1.5-2.5 cm. broad; surface reddish or tawny, often darker in the center, cracking and forming irregular scales, virgate toward the margin, sulcate on the margin: lamellae subdistant, rounded behind or emarginate, slightly adnexed, obscurely dentate on the edges, white or pallid: spores oblong, smooth, hyaline, 10-185—-9 u; cystidia fusoid, 65-804-8 wu: stipe central, short, solid, sometimes narrowed downward, pruinose or slightly furfuraceous, white or pallid, 1.2-2 cm. long, 3-6 mm. thick. TYPE LocALIty: Ohio. Hastrart: Crevices of dry wood or old fence rails. DISTRIBUTION: New York to Indiana and west to Montana and Colorado; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATION: Bres. Fungi Trid. pl. 165. 10. Lentinus pyramidatus Berk. & Curt. Proc. Am. Acad. 4: 121. 1858. Pileus regular, umbilicate, solitary to gregarious, 3-5 cm. broad; surface pale-yellowish or avellaneous, very rough and covered with fibers in stalked, pyramidal fascicles, margin concolor- ous, involute, bristly; lamellae crowded, narrow, rarely inserted, slightly decurrent, incised on the edges, white or pallid: stipe central, thick, woody, enlarged and tomentose above, furfur- aceous. below, usually becoming subglabrous with ‘age, white or pallid, 3~5 cm. long, 5-10 mm. thick. ‘Typ LOcALIty: Nicaragua. Hasirar: On logs. oe DistrRisution: Nicaragua, Mexico, and British Honduras. 11. Lentinus albellus Pat. Bull. Soc. Myc. Fr. 15: 195. 1899. Pileus fleshy, thick, hard, convex, 5-8 cm. broad; surface white, marked with brown, spot~- like scales, margin plicate-wrinkled and deflexed: lamellae decurrent, distant, broad, thick, dentate, white: stipe nearly central, hard, cylindric, armed with thick, large, distant, recurved, concolorous scales, solid, thick and tuberculose, whitish above, villose-furfuraceous and rusty- brown below, 7-10 cm. long. TYPE LOCALITY: Guadeloupe. Hasirat: On rotten trunks of Anona muricata. DIstRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 12. Lentinus crinitus (I,.) Fries, Syst. Orbis Veg. 77. 1825. Agaricus crinitus L. Sp. Pl. ed. 2. 1644. 1763. Agaricus Bertieri Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 175. 1821. Lentinus nigripes Fries; Klotzsch, Linnaea 8: 479. 1833. Lentinus villosus Kiotzsch, Linnaea 8: 479. 1833. Lentinus stupens Klotzsch, Linnaea 8: 480. 1833. Lentinus tener Klotzsch; Fries, Syn. Gen. Lent. 6. 1836. Lentinus Swartzii Berk. Lond. Jour. Bot. 2: 632. 1843. Lentinus fumigatus Lév. Ann. Sci. Nat. III. 5: 117. 1846. Lentinus Schomburgkii Berk. Trans. Linn. Soc. 20: 111. 1846. Lentinus Leveillei Berk. Trans. Linn. Soc. 20:112. 1846. Lentinus nicaraguensis Berk. & Curt. Proc. Am. Acad. 4:121. 1858. Lentinus Leprieurit Mont. Ann. Sci. Nat. 1V.1:119. 1854. 292 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 9 Lentinus Wrightii Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 300. 1868. Lentinus subcervinus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 300. 1868. Lentinus rigidulus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 300. 1868. Pocillaria vestida Earle, Inf. An. Estac. Centr. Agron. Cuba 1: 231. 1906. Pileus convex-umbilicate to infundibuliform or turbinate, 4-7 cm. broad; surface pale- fawn-colored to dark-reddish-brown, dénsely covered with stiff, squamose, fascicled, dark- fuscous hairs, disk becoming glabrate, margin circinate, incurved: lamellae decurrent, slightly forked and anastomosing behind, rather distant, narrow, denticulate, glandular, pale-fuscous to dark-fuscous: spores narrowly ellipsoid or subcylindric, often curved, 6-8 X3 uw: stipe central, firm, enlarged above and below, glabrous or nearly so, silky at the apex, paler than the pileus, 2-4 cm. long, 3 mm. thick. Tyre LOCALITY: Jamaica. HasitaT: On exposed logs and stumps. ; F DistRrBution: Throughout the tropics, and in certain states bordering on the Gulf of Mexico. ILLUSTRATIONS: Trans. Linn. Soc. 20: pl. 9; Inf. An. Estac. Centr. Agron. Cuba 1: #1. 31, f. 2. Exsiccatr: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 1600. 13. Lentinus strigosus (Schw.) Fries, Syst. Orbis Veg. 77. 1825. Agaricus crinitus Schw. Schr. Nat. Ges. Leipzig 1:89. 1822. Not A. crinitusL. 1753. Agaricus strigosus Schw. Schr. Nat. Ges. Leipzig 1: 89. 1822. Lentinius Lecomtei Fries, Syst. Orbis Veg. 77. 1825. Panus rudis Fries, Epicr. Myc. 398. 1838. Lentinus sparsibarbis Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 301. 1868. Lentinus substrigosus P. Henn. & Shirai; P. Henn. Bot. Jahrb. 28: 270. 1900. Pileus thin, tough, eccentric, depressed to infundibuliform, subcespitose, 2-6 cm. broad; surface strigose with erect, fascicled, concolorous hairs, purplish, becoming ochraceous-fawn- colored, margin slightly incurved or subexpanded: context having a mild taste; lamellae not anastomosing, subglandular, decurrent, crowded, narrow, nearly entire, pallid: spores obovoid- oblong, smooth, hyaline, 6-8 3.5 uw: stipe densely strigose, subconcolorous, solid, tough, larger below, 2~3 cm. long, 3-6 mm. thick. Type LocaLity: North Carolina. Hasitrat: On old logs and stumps of both coniferous and deciduous trees. DISTRIBUTION: Cosmopolitan. IuLustrations: Hard, Mushrooms f. 179; Lucand, Champ. Fr. fl. 46; Pat. Tab. Fung. f. 637. Exsiccatl: Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 403; Barth. Fungi Columb. 3526. 14. Lentinus strigellus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10:302. 1868. Panus (Eupanus) guaraniticus Speg. Anal. Soc. Ci. Argent. 16: 275. 1883. Pocillaria simulans Earle, Inf. An. Estac. Centr. Agron. Cuba 1: 232. 1906. Pocillaria Palmeri Earle, Inf. An. Estac. Centr. Agron. Cuba 1: 232. 1906. Pileus soft and delicate, thin, subflexible when dry, infundibuliform, gregarious, 3-7 cm. broad; surface pale-reddish-brown to dark-fulvous, beset with scattered tufts of soft, fascicled, reddish-brown hairs, soon becoming nearly glabrate except on the margin, which is ciliate, not striate: lamellae crowded, rather narrow, decurrent, forking but not anastomosing, white or paler than the pileus, minutely downy, not glandular: spores ellipsoid, hyaline, 7-9X4-5 p: stipe central, cylindric above, slightly enlarged below, concolorous, velvety-strigose throughout, solid, 1-4 cm. long, 2-5 mm. thick. TYPE LocaLity: Cuba. Hasitat: On dead wood. DisrrRiBvution: Tropical America. ILLUSTRATION: Inf. An. Estac. Centr. Agron. Cuba 1: pl. 31, f. 4. 15. Lentinus velutinus Fries, Linnaea 5:510. 1830. Panus velutinus Fries, Epicr. Myc. 398. 1838. Lentinus ciliatus Lév. Ann. Sci. Nat. III. 2: 175, 1844, Lentinus setiger Lév. Ann. Sci. Nat. III. 2: 176. 1844. ?Lentinus caelopus Lév. Ann. Sci. Nat. III. 5: 116. 1846. Lentinus echinopus Lév. Ann. Sci. Nat. III. 5:118. 1846. Lentinus siparius Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 301. 1868. Lentinus blepharodes Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 301. 1868. Lentinus (Scleroma) fallax Speg. Anal. Soc. Ci. Argent. 16: 274. 1883. Part 4, 1915] AGARICACEAE 293 Lentinus castaneus Ellis & Macbr. Bull. Lab. Nat. Hist. Univ. Iowa 3?: 194. 1896. Pocillaria cinnamomea Earle, Inf. An. Estac. Centr. Agron. Cuba 1: 231. 1906. Pileus coriaceous, thin, infundibuliform, solitary to subcespitose, 4-6 cm. broad; surface velvety to fasciculate-hispid, pale-cinnamon to brown or chestnut-brown, azonate, rarely be- coming zonate, margin reflexed, ciliate, radiate-striate: lamellae entire, at times interveined, obconic-decurrent, crowded, thin, narrow, pale-flesh-colored to chestnut, velvety below: spores ellipsoid, 106 uw: stipe slender, tough, elongate, dry, velvety, ferruginous to chestnut, solid, cylindric above, slightly enlarged below, radicate, 6-15 cm. long, 3-5 mm. thick. Type LOCALITY: Brazil. Hastrat: On dead wood. _ DISTRIBUTION: Florida and Mexico to subtemperate South America; also in oriental tropical regions. ILLustTRations: Mont. Pl. Cell. Cuba #1. 17, f. 3; Inf. An. Estac. Centr. Agron. Cuba 1: #l. 31, f. 3. Exsiccatr: Ule, Myc. Bras. 49a, 49b; Rav. Fungi Am. 104. 16. Lentinus levis (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Panus levis Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. II. 12: 427. 1853. Panus strigosus Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. III. 4: 296. 1859. Pileus thin, soft, large, eccentric, suborbicular, plane to depressed, 8-20 cm. broad; surface variable, usually villous, rarely glabrous or becoming so, white, becoming yellow on drying, margin thin: lamellae entire, decurrent, broad, distant, villous behind: spores narrowly oblong, slightly curved at times, smooth, hyaline, 123-4: stipe often eccentric, stout, white, at- tenuate above, tomentose, strigose below, 5-8 cm. long, 12-13 mm. thick. Typ# LocaLity: North Carolina. Hasitat: On trunks and logs. DIstRIBUTION: New England to Alabama in the eastern United States. 17. Lentinus hirtus (Fries) Murrill, Mycologia 3:29. 1911. Agaricus (Pleurotus) hirtus Fries, Linnaea 5: 508. 1830. Panus hirtus Fries, Epicr. Myc. 398. 1838. Lentinus submembranaceus Berk. Lond. Jour. Bot. 2: 634. 1843. Agaricus hemispilus Lév. Ann. Sci. Nat. III. 2: 168. 1844. Lentinus patulus Lév. Ann. Sci. Nat. TIT. 5: 119. 1846. Lentinus Tanghiniae Lév. Ann. Sci. Nat. III. 5: 120. 1846. Lentinus striatulus Lév. Ann. Sci. Nat. III. 5: 120. 1846, Lentinus calvescens Berk. Jour. Bot. & Kew Misc. 8: 141. 1856. Panus infundibulum Berk. & Curt. Proc. Am. Acad. 4: 121. 1858. Panus cubensis Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 300. 1868. Lentinus vellereus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 301. 1868. Lentinus estriaius Berk. & Br. Jour. Linn. Soc. 14:44. 1873. Agaricus (Clilocybe?) calyx Speg. Anal. Soc. Ci. Argent. 16: 243. 1883. Lentinus (Scleroma) paraguayensis Speg. Anal. Soc. Ci. Argent. 16: 275. 1883. Crepidotus lentinoides Earle, Inf. An. Fstac. Centr. Agron. Cuba 1: 236. 1906. Pileus coriaceous, tough, often eccentric, convex to infundibuliform, often lobed, cespitose, 8-15 em. broad; surface smooth or striate, glabrous or velvety, hygrophanous, white, becoming yellowish to fulvous when dry, margin thin, involute: lamellae decurrent, broad, subdistant, entire, white becoming yellowish, not anastomosing: spores natrowly ellipsoid, 6-8 X3-3.5 wu: stipe white becoming yellowish, fibrillose-striate or tomentose, eccentric, cylindric, dilated at the apex, solid, short, 1-2.5 cm. long, 1.3 cm. thick. Type Locatity: Brazil. Hasirat: On dead wood. DISTRIBUTION: Tropical regions of the world. In_ustration: Inf. An. Estac. Centr. Agron. Cuba 1: pl. 35. 18. Lentinus hirtiformis Murriil, sp. nov. Pileus irregular, slightly one-sided, shallowly but broadly depressed, fleshy-tough, rather brittle when dry, solitary, 8-10 cm. broad; surface minutely fibrillose to glabrous, isabelline, slightly darker on drying, smooth, margin entire, concolorous, strongly inflexed on drying: context thin, white; lamellae decurrent nearly to the base of the stipe, narrow, crowded, white to yellowish or rosy-isabelline, very undulate when dry, edges entire: spores oblong-ellipsoid or 294 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 somewhat fusiform, smooth, hyaline, 4-5 X1.5-2 u: stipe eccentric owing to its position on the host, short, thick, woody, solitary, subequal, cylindric, marked with the decurrent lamellae, minutely tomentose, especially at the base, concolorous, 1-2 cm. long, about 1 cm. thick. Type collected on dead wood in British Honduras during the winter, 1907, Morton E. Peck (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DIstRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. DOUBTFUL SPECIES Agaricus denticulatus Schw. Schr. Nat. Ges. Leipzig 1: 81. 1822. Found on rotten logs in North Carolina and described as brownish-yellow, squamose, 1.2 cm. broad; lamellae yellow- ish, elegantly serrate; stipe short, subsquamose. Lentinus chaetoloma Fries, Nova Acta Soc. Sci. Upsal. III. 1: 34. 1851. Described from Oersted’s collections in Costa Rica. Fries does not mention a figure, and no specimens were found. It is probably a thin, almost denuded form of L. crinitus. Lentinus Curtisti Sacc. & Cub.; Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 595. 1887. (Lentinus omphalodes Berk. & Curt.; Berk. Grevillea 1: 33. 1872. Not L. omphalodes Fries, 1863.) Found in Pennsylvania and described as infundibuliform, 12-13 mm. broad; lamellae entire, decur- rent; stipe slender, fibrillose below, 12-28 mm. long and 2 mm. thick. Two small specimens are at Kew, collected by Michener. Lentinus flaccidus Fries, Nova Acta Soc. Sci. Upsal. III. 1: 226. 1851. From the island of St. Thomas; described as deeply umbilicate, glabrous, pallid, 5-8 cm. broad; lamellae de- current, distant; stipe short, subeccentric. This apparently corresponds fairly well with forms of L. hirtus. Lentinus fuligineus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 302. 1868. Found on logs in Cuba and described as infundibuliform, glabrous, fuliginous, 5 cm. broad; lamellae narrow, entire; stipe striate, glabrous, 2.5 cm. long. Lentinus furfurosus Fries, Epicr. Myc. 391. 1838. Based on Agaricus omphalomorphus Mont. from Chile. Specimens from Chile sent to Fries by Montagne are still at Upsala, but none so labeled were found from Costa Rica. Lentinus glabratus Mont. Pl. Cell. Cuba 424. 1842. Type specimens at Paris collected by Sagra in Cuba very much resemble Lentinula detonsa, but differ in having decurrent gills and brown, marginal hairs. It is just possible that the two species have been confused, since a specimen at Kew sent by Montagne as Lentinus glabratus seems referable rather to Lentinula detonsa. Lentinus Michenert Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. II. 12: 427. 1853. Collected on dead wood in Pennsylvania and described as umbilicate, 5 cm. broad, glabrous, ochraceous; lamellae short-decurrent, broad, lacerate; stipe 2.5 cm. long, fusco-umbrinous, spongy-velvety. Lentinus microspermus Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 33: 216. 1906. Found on dead wood at Creve Coeur, Missouri. Not a Lentinus. Lentinus obconicus Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 33: 215. 1906. Found on decaying wood at Minneapolis, Minnesota. Apparently very near L. carneotomentosus. Lentinus parvulus Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat Hist. II. 12: 426. 1853. Described from Pennsylvania as cespitose, 1-2.5 em. broad, infundibuliform, glabrous; lamellae dicho- tomous, decurrent, white; stipe slender, lanuginose, 2.5 cm. long. Lentinus pulcherrimus Sumst. Torreya 7: 60. 1907. Lentinus Robinsonit Mont. Syll. Crypt. 147. 1856. Found in humus near Columbus, Ohio. The description reads like that of a species of Chanterel. Lentinus Sullivantit Mont. Syll. Crypt. 146. 1856. Found on rotten logs near Columbus, Ohio. The description leaves little doubt that this is the same plant as L. levis. Lentinus Underwoodit Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 23: 414. 1896. Collected at Tuskegee, Alabama, on oak wood. The type at Albany is in bad condition and no specimens have been found in the Underwood herbarium. Dr. House thinks the species is near L. Jevis, the surface showing no real scales and the lamellae being more distant than in Lentodium Squamosum. Part 4, 1915] AGARICACEAE 295 Lentinus xylopodius Lév. Ann. Sci. Nat. III. 5: 119. 1846. Described from Guadeloupe and transferred to Panus by Fries in 1851. Pileus convex, pale-yellow, subtomentose; lamellae decurrent, distant; stipe lateral, woody, glabrous. Apparently a distorted form of L. hirtus. Panus connatus Berk. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. II. 9: 194. 1852. Found on rotten wood in Santo Domingo and described as cespitose-connate, glabrous, 5 cm. broad; lamellae decurrent, broad, entire; stipe tomentose, 2~5 cm. long. Panus Troglodytes Fries, N ova Acta Soc. Sci. Upsal. IIT. 1: 227. 1851. Found on trunks in the island of St. Thomas. Apparently near L. crinitus. Pocillaria reflexa Earle, Inf. An. Estac. Centr. Agron. Cuba 1: 231. 1906. Type collected in Cuba by Earle and Wilson in 1904. A small, inftndibuliform plant with very narrow gills, evidently closely related to L. crinitus; but authentic material has not been seen. 24, LENTINULA Earle, Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 5: 416. 1909. Pileus coriaceous, reviving, rather thick, convex or slightly depressed: lamellae adnate: spores hyaline: stipe central, solid, woody: veil none. Type species, Lentinus cubensis Berk. & Curt. 1. Lentinula detonsa (Fries) Murrill, Mycologia 3: 28. 1911. Lentinus detonsus Fries. Nova Acta Soc. Sci. Upsal III. 1: 38. 1851. Lentinus cubensis Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 302. 1868. Lentinus proximus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 302. 1868. Lentinula cubensis Earle, Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 5:417. 1909. Pileus fleshy-coriaceous, subeccentric, plane or depressed, not umbilicate, 4-5 cm. broad; surface glabrous, not polished, alutaceous to fuscous, margin repand, involute: lamellae rounded- sinuate, crowded, thin, whitish, becoming pallid when dry: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 6-7 X4-5 uw: stipe pallid, ligneous but fragile, unequal, curved, often twisted, fibrous-strigose above, 4 cm. long and 4 mm. or more thick. TyP¥ LOCALITY: Costa Rica. Hapitat: On dead wood. : DIistrRiBuTION: Louisiana, West Indies, and Costa Rica. 25. LENTINELLUS P. Karst. Bidr. Finl. Nat. Folk 32: 246. 1879. Hymenophore coriaceous, reviving, densely cespitose; pilei more or less irregular from crowding: lamellae adnate or decurrent: spores hyaline: stipes central or subcentral, connate at the base: veil none. Type species, Lentinus umbellatus Fries. 1. Lentinellus cornucopioides (Bolt.) Murrill. Agaricus cornucopioides Bolt. Hist. Fung. 26. 1788. Agaricus confluens Sow. Engl. Fungi pl. 168. 1798. Agaricus cochleatus Fries, Syst. Myc. 1:177. 1821. Lentinus cochleatus. Fries, Syn. Gen. Lent. 11. 1836. Lentinus cornucopioides Schrot. Krypt.-Fl. Schles. 3!: 555. 1889. Pileus thin, fleshy-tough, flaccid, irregular, plane, centrally depressed or infundibuliform, cespitose, 2-7.5 em. broad; surface glabrous, rufescent or brownish-flesh-colored when moist, paler when dry, margin often lobed: lamellae rather broad, crowded, decurrent, serrate on the edges, whitish tinged with flesh-color: spores minute, subglobose to broadly ellipsoid, 4-6 yu: stipes central, eccentric, or lateral, usually crowded and united, solid, glabrous, isabelline above, reddish-brown below, sulcate, 4-7.5 cm. long, 4-8 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Sweden. Hagitat: On and about old stumps or buried wood. E Disrripution: New England to North Carolina and west to Ohio and Minnesota; also in rope. IuLustrations: Hard, Mushrooms f. 183; Pat. Tab. Fung. f. 126; Gill, Champ. Fr. pl. 147 (403); Sow. Engl. Fungi pi. 168. 296 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 DOUBTFUL SPECIES Agaricus (Pleuropus) tubaeformis Schw. Schr. Nat. Ges. Leipzig 1:63. 1822. Described from North Carolina as cespitose, umbilicate, pallid, 4 cm. broad; lamellae crowded, narrow, serrate; stipe eccentric, glabrous, 7-10 cm. long. 26. LENTODIUM Morgan, Jour. Cinc. Soc. Nat. Hist. 18: 36. 1895. Pileus tough, reviving, solitary or cespitose, usually convex: lamellae decurrent or adnate: spores liyaline: stipe central, woody: veil often evanescent, not forming a distinct annulus. Type species, Lentodium squamulosum Morgan. Stipe 6-12 mm. thick. 1. L. sqguamosum. Stipe 2-4 mm. thick. 2. L. tigrinum. 1. Lentodium squamosum (Schaeff.) Murrill, Mycologia 3:27. 1911. Agaricus squamosus Schaeff. Fung. Bavar. 4: Ind. 15. 1774. Agaricus lepideus Fries, Obs. Myc. 1: 21. 1815. Lentinus lepideus Fries, Syst. Orbis Veg. 78. 1825. Lentinus suffrutescens Fries, Epicr. Myc. 393. 1838. ? Lentinus maximus Johnson, Bull. Minn. Acad, Sci. 1: 338. 1878. Lentinus magnus Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 23: 413. 1896. Lentinus spretus Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 105: 24. 1906. Pileus fleshy to tough, compact, hard when dry, convex or nearly plane, sometimes slightly depressed in the center and sometimes umbonate, solitary or cespitose, 5-15 em. broad; surface white or pale-ochraceous, the cuticle cracking and usually forming brownish, spot-like scales, which are sometimes almost black: context white, with agreeable odor; lamellae subdistant, broad, sinuate-decurrent, transversely lacerate and dentate-serrate on the edges, white; spores ellipsoid, 7-15 X3-6 uw: stipe white or whitish, short, hard, solid, often pointed at the base, more or less adorned with recurved scales, sometimes eccentric, 2.5-6 cm. long, 6-12 mm. thick; annulus fixed, white, often disappearing. TYPE LocALITy: Bavaria. Hasirat: Structural timbers and logs, especially of coniferous trees. DistRIBUTION: Throughout temperate and tropical North America; also in Europe and Asia. ILLUSTRATIONS: Batsch, Elench. Fung. pl. 43; Hard, Mushrooms f. 782; N. Marshall, Mushr. Book #1. 6; McIlv. Am. Fungi l. 16, f. 3; Schaeff. Fung. Bavar. pl. 29, 30. Exsiceati: Thiim. Fungi Austr. 608. 2. Lentodium tigrinum (Bull.) Earle, Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 5: 434. = lignntns gma. Hade EAU G. eee Agaricus tigrivus Bull. Herb. Fr. ol. 70. 1781. Lentinus tigyinus Fries, Epicr. Myc. 389. 1838. ?Lentinus Ravenelit Berk. & Curt. Jour. Bot. & Kew Misc. 1: 100. 1849. Lentodium squamulosum Morgan, Jour. Cine. Soc. Nat. Hist. 18: 36. 1895. Pileus thin, subcoriaceous, convex or nearly plane, umbilicate, 2.5-10 cm. broad; surface whitish, spotted with innate, hairy, brown or blackish scales: context white, often becoming reddish when wounded: lamellae narrow, close, unequal, somewhat decurrent, toothed on the edges, white or yellowish, usually deformed and united by abundant conidia-bearing mycelial threads, having the appearance of being attacked by Hypomyces: spores ellipsoid, 5-8 X 2.5—4 Be stipe curved, slender, solid, hard, furfuraceous-squamulose, whitish, sometimes brownish toward the base, 1.5-8 cm. long, 2-4 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY. France. Hasitat: On decaying logs and stumps of both evergreen and deciduous trees. DisTRIBuTION: Canada to Cuba and west to the Rocky Mountains; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. Herb. Fr. 1. 70; Gill. Ch . Fr. pl. 149 : i ; Bull. Chicago Acad. Sci. 7: pl. 6, f. 2 : amD EP (406) ; Sow. Engl. Fungi pl. 68; Exsriccati: Rav. Fung. Car. 2: 11; Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 1935, DouBTFUL SPECIES Lentinus Chama (Bosc) Fries, Epicr. Myc. 394. 1838. (Agaricus Chama Bosc, Ges. Nat. Freunde Berlin Mag. 5: 85. 1811.) Found on oak wood in South Carolina. Part 5, 1916] AGARICACEAE 297 27. LENTODIELLUM Murrill, Mycologia 7: 216. 1915. Persistent, fleshy-tough, densely cespitose; piles smooth, deeply depressed: lamellae decurrent: spores hyaline: veil scanty, evanescent: stipe central, hard, woody. Type species, Panus concavus Berk. 1. Lentodiellum concavum (Berk.) Murrill, Mycologia 7: 216. 1915. Ponus concavus Berk. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. IT. 9: 194. 1852. ? Lentinus cochleatus occidentalis Fries, Nova Acta Soc. Sci. Upsal. IIY. 1: 227. 1855. Pileus tough but fleshy, infundibuliform, densely cespitose, 3-8 em. broad; surface glabrous but not polished, chalky-white, not striate, margin strongly incurved, appendiculate: lamellae strongly decurrent, crowded, narrow, white becoming yellowish: spores oblong-ellipsoid, pointed at one end, smooth, hyaline, 6-7 2.5-3 u: stipe exannulate, central or nearly so, cylindric, connate below, glabrous or subglabrous, white, solid, tough, 4-8 cm. long, 3-4 mm. thick: veil thick, white, appendictulate. TYPE LOCALITY: Santo Domingo. Hasrrat: On dead logs and stumps. DISTRIBUTION: Tropical America. Subtribe 1. LEPIOTANAE* Hymenophore fleshy or membranous, not reviving. Stipe eccentric, lateral, or wanting; pileus irregular. Pileus not distinctly stipitate, sessile or contracted into a stipe-like base, often resupinate when young. 28, GEOPETALUM. Pileus distinctly stipitate, the stipe either eccentric or lateral, and sometimes much reduced. Lamellae conspicuously decurrent; stipe eccentric or lateral. 29, CREPIDOPUS. Lamellae adnate or sinuate; stipe ‘usually eccentric. 30. MICROMPHALE. Stipe central; pileus regular. Stipe slender, tubular, with a cartilaginous cortex. Margin of pileus at first straight and appressed to the stipe. Pileus plicate, splitting down the backs of the lamellae. - 31. Lepromyces. Pileus even or striate, not splitting. Pileus usually umbilicate; lamellae decurrent. 32, OMPHALOPSIS, Pileus usually convex, often umbonate; lamellae adnate or adnexed. Stipe and lamellae lactiferous, bleeding when cut. 33, GALACTOPUS. Stipe and lamellae not lactiferous. 34. PRUNULUS. Margin of pileus at first incurved. Lamellae decurrent; pileus usually umbilicate. 35. OMPHALINA. Lamellae adnate or adnexed. 36. GyMNOPUS. Stipe stout, fleshy, of uniform texture. ‘Lamellae waxy at maturity. Veil absent; pileus often bright-colored. Pileus viscid, usually fragile and bright-colored. 37. Hyprocvse. Pileus not viscid, usually firm and without brilliant colors. 38. CamMaROPHYLLUS. Veil present, glutinous, forming an annulus or reduced to squamules; pileus not bright-colored. 39. HyGROPHORUS. Lamellae fleshy, not waxy. Volva and veil absent, the latter sometimes rudimentary. Lamellae decurrent or adnate. Spores not conspicuously verruculose or echinulate, usually ellipsoid; lamellae decurrent or adnate. Hymenophore usually solitary or gregarious, sub- cespitose to cespitose but not wood-loving in C. muliceps and a few other species. 40. CLiTocyvBE. Hymenophore densely cespitose and wood-loving, attached to decayed trunks or roots. 41, MonapEeLpuus. Spores conspicuously verruculose or echinulate, glo- ~~ bose; lamellae adnate. 42. LACCARIA, Lamellae sinuate; spores usually ellipsoid and smooth. Pileus smooth or inconspicuously decorated with fibrils or scales, 43. MELANOLEUCA. Pileus conspicuously decorated with fibrils or scales. 44, CorTINELLUS. Volva absent, veil present, usually forming an annulus, : Stipe eccentric. 45. PLEUROTUS. Stipe central. Lamellae adnate or adnezed. 46. ARMILLARIA. Lamellae free, varying at times to adnexed or adnate. * The first part of the key to this subtribe, containing species with the hymenophore tough to woody, reviving, appears on page 237 of this volume. 298 . NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 9 Spores hyaline, rarely tinged with brown. Pileus viscid. 47. LIMACELLA. Pileus dry. 48. Leprora. Spores green when fresh, brown in herbarium speci- mens. 49. CHLOROPHYLLUM, Volva present, veil absent. 50. VAGINATA, Volva and veil both present. 51. VENENARiUS. 28. GEOPETALUM Pat. Hymén. Eur. 127. 1887. Phyllotus P. Karst. Bidr. Finl. Nat. Folk 32: 92. 1879. Not Phyllota Benth. 1837. Pileus fleshy or membranous, not reviving, without a distinct stipe, sessile or contracted into a stipe-like base, often resupinate when young: lamellae usually radiating from a lateral or eccentric point: spores hyaline: veil none. Type species, Geopetalum petaloides (Bull.) Pat. Species occurring in temperate North America, Pileus 0,5-1.5 em. broad. Pileus rufous, reniform, 12 mm. broad. Pileus white. Q . Blakei. Spores globose, 4-5.5 uw; surface shining-white. 2. G. candidissimum. Spores ellipsoid. Spores less than 7 u long. ; Species confined to the eastern United States. 3. G. semicaptum. Species confined to the Pacific coast. 4, G. oregonense. Spores more than 7 p long. Species growing on sotl; spores 9-11 K 4-5 yu 5. G. geophilum. Species not growing on soil; spores 7-9 X 2-4 pn. 6. G. septicum. Pileus 2 cm. or moce broad. Lamellae not crowded. Pileus 2~3 em. broad; surface glabrous. 7. G. albescens. Pileus 5-7 cm. broad; surface slightly tomentose. 8. G. alliaceum. Lamellae crowded. Spores globose or subglobose. Pileus at first resupinate; spores 4-7.5 p. 9, G. abietinum. Pileus not at first resupinate; spores 2-4 p. 10. G. angustatum. Spores ellipsoid or ovoid. Pileus 4-9 cm. broad; species growing on the ground. ll. G. petaloides. + Pileus 2-5 em. broad; species growing on dead wood. Pileus white, 2 cm. broad. 12. G. densifolium. Pileus grayish-brown, 5 cm. broad. 13. G. betulinum. Species occurring in tropical North Ametica. Pileus less than 1 cm. broad, rarely exceeding this size in G. copulaium, Pileus resupinate. Pileus 1-2 mm. broad. 14. G. inconspicuum. Pileus 3-8 mm. broad. 15. G. subelatinum. Pileus not normally resupinate. Surface white or pale-yellowish. Surface white; lameilae whitish-pruinose on the edges. 16. G. haedinum. Surface pale-ochraceous; lamellae not whitish-pruinose on the edges. 17. G. copulatum. . Surface ferruginous. 18. G. iremelliforme. Pileus more than 1 em. broad. Surface white. Surface translucent, glabrous; pileus reniform. 19. G. catephes. Surface milk-white, pubescent; pileus flabelliform. 20. G. subhaedinum. Surface white to pale-fuscous, spongy-pubescent to glabrous; pileus flabelliform or spatulate. 21. G. semitectum. Surface fuscous, spongy-tomentose; lamellae flavous. 22. G. flavolanatum. 1. Geopetalum Blakei (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Agaricus (Pleurotus) Blakei Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. III. 4: 288. 1859. Pleurotus Blakei Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 368. 1887. Pileus reniform, conchate, 12 mm. broad; surface glabrous, puberulent behind, rufous: lamellae interveined, distant, broad, ventricose, thin, subconcolorous, paler: stipe wanting. TYPE LOCALITY: Maine. Hasirat: On dead Abies. DistRIButTION: Known only from the type locality. 2. Geopetalum candidissimum (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Agaricus (Pleurotus) candidissimus Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hi Pleurotus candidissimus Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 368. 1887. ee cere Negeee Meee Pileus delicate, affixed by a few hairs, sessile, reniform or dimidiate, reaching 1.5 cm. Part 5, 1916] AGARICACEAE 299 broad; surface snow-white to milk-white, glabrous, margin entire to undulate, concolorous: lamellae not interveined, of medium distance, moderately broad, white: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 4-5.5 p. TYPE Locality: Maine. Hapitat: Dead deciduous logs and sticks. Distripution: Maine to the mountains of Virginia. 3. Geopetalum semicaptum (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Agaricus (Pleurotus) semicaptus Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. IIT. 4: 287. 1859. Pleurotus semicaptus Sace. Syll. Fungi. 5: 384. 1887. Pileus irregular, resupinate to short-reflexed, gregarious, 8 mm. broad; surface white, pulverulent, margin crenate: lamellae entire, distant, narrow, concolorous: spores cymbiform, 6. TYPE LOCALITY: New England. Hasitrat: On dead branches of Betula. DISTRIBUTION: New England. 4. Geopetalum oregonense Murrill, Mycologia 4: 215. 1912. Pileus thin, sessile, conchate to flabelliform, convex to expanded, milk-white through- out, gregarious on dead wood, reaching 1 cm. broad; surface smooth, glabrous, margin entire, incurved when young and on drying: lamellae subdistant, inserted, rather narrow, white, slightly yellowish when dry: spores pip-shaped, smooth, hyaline, 6-7 X 3-44: stipe wanting, the pileus attached to a small, subglobose, white, tomentose mass. ; TYPE Locality: Mill City, Oregon. Hasrrat: On fallen dead deciduous branches and logs. DIsTRIBUTION: Oregon and California. 5. Geopetalum geophilum Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus thin, fleshy, sessile, more ot less resupinate, conchate, 5-15 mm. broad; surface smooth, glabrous, white, dry, mycelioid behind, margin thin, concolorous, entire or Somewhat lobed: lamellae of medium breadth and distance, white when fresh, becoming yellowish- brown and fragile on drying: spores oblong-ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 9-11 K 4-5 yu. Type collected on soil by the side of a road in woods near Seattle, Washington, October 20- November 1, 1911, W. A. Murrill 702 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DistRiBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 6. Geopetalum septicum (Fries) Murrill. Agaricus pubescens Sow. Engl. Fungi pl. 321. Hae Not A. pubescens Schrad. 1794, Agaricus seplicus Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 92. 1821 Pleurotus septicus Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 79. 2. Geopetalum subsepticum Murrill, Mycologia 4: 215° 1912. Pileus small, thin, nearly plane, dimidiate and conchate to subcircular or reniform, sessile or with a short, white, pubescent stipe or stipe-like base, gregarious, 6-12 mm. broad; surface smooth, pubescent or subpulverulent to glabrous, pure-white, margin undulate or lobed, inflexed on drying: lamellae rather broad, subdistant, inserted, white, yellowish-brown on drying: spores narrowly ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 7-9 & 2-4 n. TYPE LOCALITY: Europe. Hagnirat: On decaying deciduous wood, leaves, and herbaceous stems. DIsrRIBUTION: Northern United States west to Washington; also in Europe ; Pies Cooke, Brit. Fungi pl. 259 (288) B; Gill. Champ. Fr. pl. 345; 5; Sow. Engl. Fungi ol. Exsiccati: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 2727. 7. Geopetalum albescens Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus very soft, fleshy, appearing water-soaked, dimidiate to subcircular, thin, convex, sessile, attached by a narrow base, 2-3 cm. broad; surface hygrophanous, very dull whitish, becoming milk-white on drying, glabrous, lightly striate for some distance from the margin, which is thin, entire, concolorous, and usually upturned in fresh plants: context very thin, white; lamellae rather broad, not crowded, inserted, concolorous with the surface, becoming 300 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLumE 9 yellowish-white on drying: spores copious, ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, rounded at both ends, 7-9 X 4-5 un, the spore-print assuming a salmon tint on exposure. Type collected on a dead birch stump in thin woods in the New York Botanical Garden, Sep- tember 4, 1915, W. A. Murrill (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DisTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 8. Geopetalum alliaceum (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Panus alliaceus Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. IT. 12: 427. 1853. 2 ay : = Pileus sessile, subeffused behind, confluent at times, 5-7 cm. broad; surfadé White, be- coming yellowish-brown, slightly tomentose, margin entire or undulate, involute, hispid; rough: lamellae attenuate behind, subdistant, white, becoming yellowish-brown: spores ellipsoid, curved, smooth, hyaline, 5-6 X 3 u. TYPE LOCALITY: South Carolina. Hasitat: Decayed willow logs. . DistrisutTion: Known only from the type locality. 9. Geopetalum abietinum (Schrad.) Murrill. Agaricus abietinus Schrad. Spic. Fl. Germ. 132. 1794. Agaricus porrigens Pers. Obs. Myc. 1: 54. 1796. Pleurotus porrigens Gill. Champ. Fr. 1: 334. 1876. Pleurotus niphetus Ellis, Bull. Torrey Club 9: 18. 1882. Geopetalum porrigens Murrill, Mycologia 4: 215. 1912. Pileus rather thin, at first resupinate and suborbicular, then reflexed and prolonged, obovate, subelliptic, or ear-shaped, often longer than broad, sessile, 2.5-7.5 cm. broad ; surface glabrous or villose-tomentose toward the base, pure-white, margin involute when young, sometimes lobed in large specimens: lamellae narrow, linear, thin, crowded, sometimes slightly forked or anastomosing at the base, white: spores subglobose, smooth, hyaline, 4-7.5 Me TYPE Locatity: Germany. Hapitat: On much decayed wood of pine, hemlock, and other conifers. DISTRIBUTION: Newfoundland to West Virginia and west to Washington; also in Europe. ILLustRatTion: Cooke, Brit. Fungi pl. 259 (288) A. Exsiccatr: Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 904, 10. Geopetalum angustatum (Berk.) Murrill. Panus angustatus Berk. Jour. Bot. & Kew Misc. 6: 318. 1847. Pleurotus petaloides Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 39: 64. 1887. Not P. petaloides (Bull.) Quél. 1872. Pleurotus styvatosus Atk. Jour. Myc. 8: 116. 1902. Pileus small, thin, rather tough, spatulate or flabelliform, narrowed behind into a stipe- like base, 2-5 cm. broad; surface white, dirty-white, or yellow, somewhat gelatinous when moist, slightly pubescent, farinaceous behind: lamellae decurrent, much crowded, very narrow, minutely pubescent, white, yellowish when dry: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 3-4 u: cystidia fusoid-oblong, 35-45 X 12 u. TYPE LOCALITY: Waynesville, Ohio. Hasrrat: On decayed deciduous wood. DistRisvTion: Canada to Louisiana and west to Michigan. 11. Geopetalum petaloides (Bull.) Pat. Hymén. Eur. 127. 1887. Agaricus petaloides Bull. Herb. Fr. pl: 226. 1784. Agaricus anomalus Pers. Obs. Myc. 1: 55. 1796. Agaricus spathulatus Pers. Syn. Fung. 479. 1801. Pleurotus petaloides Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 226. 1872. Pleurotus geogenius Quél. Ench. Fung. 149. 1886. Geopetalum geogenium Pat. Hymén. Eur. 127. 1887. Pileus fleshy, erect, fan-shaped or semi-infundibuliform, often divided nearly to the base, at other times wavy or lobed on the margin, which is at first incurved, 4-9 cm. broad; surface smooth, glabrous above, whitish-pruinose behind, avellaneous-isabelline to chestnut-brown, dry or viscid according to the weather: context white, with a farinaceous odor and taste; lamellae white, narrow, much crowded, sometimes forked behind, decurrent to the base of the stipe or nearly so: spores subovoid, smooth, hyaline, 7-8 X 3.5~4 u; cystidia fusoid, hyaline, Part 5, 1916] AGARICACEAE 301 60-70 X 12-18 w: stipe always lateral with a dorsal groove, short, white, pruinose, 1-3 cm. long, 5-15 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: France. Hasitat: On the ground, usually among grass in the open and rarely in the woods, sometimes attached to buried wood. DistrRiBution: New York to Washington and south to Texas; ra Ba Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Atk. Stud. Am. Fungt f. 110; Mycologia 4: “pl. 5 6, f. 6; Pers. Obs. Myc. pl. 4, f. 1 Bres. Fungi Trid. gl. 50; Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 226; Richon & Roze, Atl. Champ. pl. 45° -..12* Geopetalum densifolium Murrill, Mycologia 4: 215. 1912. ’ Pileus fleshy, sessile, conchate to applanate, flabelliform, rather broadly attached, white throughout, gregarious, reaching 2 cm. broad; surface finely pubescent to subglabrous, smooth, margin entire, slightly inflexed on drying: lamellae very broad and very crowded, flaccid, overlapping on drying, white to isabelline, powdered with the spores, inserted, plane: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 6-7 X 3.5 u. TYPE LocaLity: Seattle, Washington. Hasrrat: On dead deciduous wood in woods. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 13. Geopetalum betulinum (Peck) Murrill. Panus betulinus Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 23: 413. 1896. Pileus thin, fleshy, suborbicular or dimidiate, subplane, prolonged behind into a short, stipe-like base, 5 cm. broad; surface smooth, glabrous, with tawny hairs at the base, grayish- brown, darker toward the base: lamellae decurrent, close, narrow, whitish: spores 4-5 X 1.5-2 yp. TYPE LocALIty: Newfoundland. Hasitat: On decaying wood of birch. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 14. Geopetalum inconspicuum (Massee) Murrill. Pleurotus inconspicuus Massee, Jour. Bot. 30: 196. 1892, Pileus very thin, pellucid, resupinate, affixed by the whitish-villose base, nearly plane, suborbicular, gregarious, 1-2 mm. broad; surface white: lamellae concurrent, distant, narrow, white: spores ellipsoid, apiculate at the base, 6 K 3 u. TYPE Locality: Walliboo Valley, St. Vincent. Hasirat: On dry twigs. DIstRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. ILLUSTRATIONS: Jour. Bot. 30: pl. 325, f. 15. Geopetalum subelatinum Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus resupinate, soft, watery, expanded, contracted at times into a whitish, fibrillose, stipe-like base, 3-8 mm. broad; surface subglabrous, whitish: lamellae whitish, crowded, narrow. ‘ Type collected on decayed wood five miles east of Santiago de las Vegas, Cuba, September 11, 1904, F. S. Earle 192 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). Distrrurion: Cuba. 16. Geopetalum haedinum (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Agaricus (Pleurotus) haedinus Berk, & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 288. 1868. Pleurotus haedinus Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 369. 1887. Pileus flabelliform or spatulate, sometimes slightly lobed, sessile by a narrow base, 6-10 mm. broad; surface white, opaque, resembling kid leather: lamellae narrow, rather crowded, subventricose, pallid, whitish-pruinose on the edges: stipe wanting. TYPE LocaLity: Cuba. Hasirat: On dead wood. DIsTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 302 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLumE 9 17. Geopetalum copulatum (Ehrenb.) Murrill. Panus copulaius Ehrenb. Horae Phys. Berol. 86. 1820. Panus subflabellatus P. Henn. Hedwigia 36: 206. 1897. Claudopus byssisedoides P. Henn. Hedwigia 43: 183. 1904. Pileus thin, rather tough, imbricate, usually sessile, often varying to restipinate on the under side of a log, normally flabelliform or attenuate-cuneiform, whitish-mycelioid behind 5-15 mm. broad; surface pale-ochraceous to fuscous-pallid, finely pubescent, becomig! dis- colored on the margin on drying: lamellae narrow, thin, crowded, white, becoming déolored : spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 7 X 4 un. TYPE LOCALITY: Brazil. HasiTat: On cocoanut petioles, bamboo trunks, and other kinds of dead wood in shaded places, DistrRIBuTION: Cuba and Honduras; also in eneer ee: and Brazil. ILLUSTRATION: Horae Phys. Berol. ol, 81,f.5 18. Geopetalum tremelliforme Murrill, sp. nov. Pilei somewhat tough, becoming very firm on drying, sessile, flabelliform, 3-5 mm. broad, closely imbricate in a Tremella-like cluster about 8 mm. in diameter; surface smooth, glabrous, hygrophanous, ferruginous, margin entire, concolorous: lamellae broad, distant, inserted, ochroleucous, the edges unusually thick for the genus: stipe wanting. Type collected on dead wood in Castleton Gardens, Jamaica, December 14-15, 1908, W. A. & Edna L. Murrill 75 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). : DIsTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 19. Geopetalum catephes (Berk.) Murrill. Agaricus (Pleurotus) catephes Berk. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. II. 9: 192. 1852. Pleurotus catephes Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 365. 1887. Pileus delicate, horizontal, reniform, attenuate to a stipe, but emarginate behind, 1.25- 2.5 em. broad; surface translucent, glabrous: lamellae not interveined, subdecurrent, distant, rather narrow. TYPE LOCALITY: Santo Domingo. Hasirat: In woods. DIstRIBuTION: Known only from the type locality. 20. Geopetalum subhaedinum Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus usually broadly sessile, effused-reflexed at times, flabelliform, imbricate, rarely laterally connate, 2 cm. broad; surface milk-white, soft, pubescent, margin concolorous, sometimes lobed: context soft and fleshy, fragile on drying, the odor farinaceous; lamellae long, narrow, crowded, white: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, granular, 7 X 4 u. Type collected on a dead log at Xuchiles, near Cordoba, Mexico, January 17, 1910, W. A. & Edna L. Murrill 1134 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DistRIBUTION: Mexico. 21. Geopetalum semitectum (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Agaricus (Pleurotus) semitectus Berk. & Curt. ee Linn. Soc. 10: 288. 1868. Pleurotus semitectus Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 378. 1887. Pileus flabelliform or spatulate, sometimes lobed, 2.5-5 cm. broad; surface white to pale- fuscous, spongy-pubescent to glabrous: lamellae subdecurrent, narrow, very crowded, con- colorous: stipe very short or obsolete. TYPE LocaLity: Cuba. Hasrirat: On logs in dense woods. DIsTRiBUTION: Cuba, and possibly Guadeloupe. 22. Geopetalum flavolanatum (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Agaricus (Pleurotus) flavolanaius Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 288. 1868. Pieurotus flavolanatus Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 376. 1887. Pileus sessile, convex, 2.5 cm. broad; surface spongy-tomentose, fuscous, resembling that of some species of Crepidotus: lamellae subdistant, flavous, not interveined: spores hyaline: stipe wanting. TYPE Locality: Cuba, Hapitat: On sticks. DistRipvTION: Known only from the type locality. Part 5, 1916] AGARICACEAE 303 DOUBTFUL SPECIES Agaricus elatinus Pers. Myc. Eur. 3: 18. 1828. ‘The specimens from Cuba so deter- mined by Berkeley have been referred to Uvrospora subelatina. Lentinus friabilis Fries, Syn. Gen. Lent. 12. 1836. A temperate European species erroneously reported from Cuba, Guiana, and elsewhere in tropical America. Panus foetens Fries, Epicr. Myc. 399. 1838. Reported from Mexico and South Caro- lina. Specimens at Paris collected in South Carolina by Ravenel are hispid-tomentose, with distant gills, which are now reddish-brown, resembling Panus alliaceus. Pleurotus chioneus (Pers.) Sacc. Syli. Fung. 5: 384. 1887. (Agaricus chioneus Pers. Myc. Eur. 3: 28. 1828. Not A. chioneus Fries. 1815.) Reported from Massachusetts by Frost and from Alabama by Atkinson. The species is probably not distinct from G. septicum. Pleurotus cyphellaeformis (Berk.) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 379. 1887. (Agaricus (Pleurotus) cyphellaeformis Berk. Outl. Brit. Fungol. 138. 1860.) Reported from South Carolina by Ravenel, but the American specimens do not seem to correspond with the types at Kew. Pleurotus flabéllatus (Berk & Br.) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 369. 1887. (Agaricus (Pleurotus) flabellatus Berk. & Br. Jour. Linn. Soc. 11: 528. 1869.) A Ceylon species reported by Massee from St. Vincent. Pleurotus fluxilis (Fries) P. Karst. Bidr. Finl. Nat. Folk 32:90. 1879. (Agaricus fluxilis Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 189. 1821.) Reported from North Carolina by Curtis. Pleurotus Hobsoni (Berk.) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 382. 1887. (Agaricus (Pleurotus) Hobsoni Berk. Outl. Brit. Fungol. 138. 1860.) An English species reported from Dominica by Miss A. L. Smith. Pleurotus limpidoides P. Karst. Medd. Soc. Faun. FI. Fenn. 6: 7. 1881. Reported from Nebraska by Clements. Pleurotus limpidus (Fries) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 364. 1887. (Agaricus (Pleurotus) limpidus Fries, Epicr. Myc. 135. 1838.) A temperate European species reported by Fries from Costa Rica. Oersted’s colored figure may be seen at Copenhagen, but no specimens were found. Pleurotus mitis (Pers.) Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 226. 1872. (Agaricus mitis Pers. Obs. Myce. 1:54. 1796.) Reported from New York by Peck on prostrate trunks of balsam. The lamellae of Peck’s specimens have been destroyed by insects. The specimens are nearly as white as G. candidissimum and about twice as large. Pleurotus perpusillus (Fries) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 383. 1887. (Agaricus perpusillus Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 192. 1821.) Reported from Connecticut by Sprague and from North Carolina by Curtis. Typical European specimens resemble G. candidissimum in form and size, but have much more distant lamellae. Pleurotus pinsitus (Fries) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 374. 1887. (Agaricus pinsitus Fries, Syst. Myce. 1: 184. 1821.) Reported from Pennsylvania by Schweinitz and from Ohio by Lea. It is referred by some authors to Crepidotus mollis. Pleurotus planus (Alb. & Schw.) Quél. Ench. Fung. 149. 1886. (Agaricus planus Alb. & Schw. Consp. Fung. 230. 1805. Not A. planus Bolt. 1788.) Reported from North Caro- lina by Schweinitz. Pleurotus semisupinus (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 373. 1887. (Agaricus (Pleurotus) semisupinus Berk. & Br. Jour. Linn. Soc. 11: 529. 1869.) A Ceylon species reported from Dominica by Miss A. I. Smith. Pleurotus tremulus (Schaeff.) Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 79. 1872. (Agaricus tremulus Schaeff. Fung. Bavar. 4: Ind. 53. 1774.) Described from Bavaria and reported from Pough- keepsie, New York, by Gerard, and from Pennsylvania by Schweinitz. The species approaches G. petaloides, but is gray, with nearly globose spores, and occurs among mosses in moist places. Gerard’s two specimens at Albany are very thin, gray, attached to moss, about 3 X 2 cm., and resemble large forms of Diciyolus muscigenus Quél. Unfortunately, the lamellae are glued to the sheet and cannot be examined. Pleurotus Zippelit (Lév.) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 382. 1887. (Agaricus Zippelit Lév. Ann. Sci. Nat. III. 2: 171. 1844.) A species native to Java, which has been reported from Santo Domingo. 304 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLumE 9 29. CREPIDOPUS (Nees) S. F. Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 1: 616. 1821. Agaricus § Crepidopus Nees, Syst. Pilze Schw. 195. 1817. Pileus fleshy, putrescent, usually flabelliform in general outline: lamellae conspicuously decurrent: spores hyaline or becoming lilac-tinted: stipe eccentric or lateral, solid, sometimes much reduced: veil none. Type species, Agaricus ostreatus Jacq. Species occurring in temperate North America, Pileus minute, 2-4 mm. broad. 1. C. minutus. Pileus much larger, 2.5-12 cm. broad. : Pileus dingy-yellow to olivaceous; spores 5 X 2.5 yw. 2. C. serotinus. Pileus usually white or whitish, or with brownish hues; spores 7-11 X bb Stipe typically short and conspicuously hairy. 3. C. ostreatus. Stipe typically longer and glabrous, but varying toward that of the . above species. 4. C. cornucopiae. Species occurring in tropical North America. : Pileus becoming reddish on drying; lamellae very distant and interveined; stipe very short, lateral. Pileus white or whitish, often becoming yellowish on drying. Pileus 2-4 cm. broad; stipe 4-8 mm. long. Pileus 4-6 cm. broad; stipe 1-5 cm. long. Lamellae narrow, crowded; stipe 4-5 em. long. Lamellae rather broad, subdistant. Stipe glabrous, 1-2 cm. long. Stipe tomentose, 2.5-5 em. long. . hemiphlebius. . Lugeniae. . caveatus. . commiscibilis. . connatus. oR ND wr AQ ANA 1. Crepidopus minutus (Peck) Murrill. Pleurotus minutus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 55: 949. 1902. Pileus resupinate or reflexed with age, reniform or suborbicular, the center often de- pressed, 2-4 mm. broad; surface white, flocculose-pruinose, margin involute: lamellae unequal, decurrent, distant, very narrow, white or whitish: stipe short, eccentric, curved, pruinose, whitish, whitish-mycelioid at the base, 2 mm. long. TypE LocaLity: Loon Lake, New York. Hasitat: On rotten birch wood. DISTRIBUTION: New York. 2. Crepidopus serotinus (Schrad.) Murrill, Mycologia 4: 216. 1912. Agaricus serotinus Schrad. Spic. Fl. Germ. 130. 1794. Agaricus serotinoides Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Cab. 23: 86. 1872. Pleurotus serotinus Quél. Ench. Fung. 149. 1886. Pileus fleshy, compact, convex or nearly plane, dimidiate-reniform or suborbicular, solitary or cespitose and imbricate, 2.5-7.5 cm. broad; surface viscid when young and moist, variously colored, dingy-yellow, reddish-brown, greenish-brown, or olivaceous, margin at first involute: lamellae close, determinate, whitish or yellowish: cystidia 11-13 uw thick, with yellowish-brown sap; spores minute, ellipsoid, 5 X 2.5 4: stipe very short, lateral, thick, yellowish beneath and minutely tomentose or squamulose with blackish points. TYPE LOCALITY: Germany. Hasirat: Dead trunks of birch, beech, and other deciduous trees. DISTRIBUTION: Greenland to North Carolina and west to British Columbia and Washington; also in Europe. : ILLUSTRATION: Cooke, Brit. Fungi pl. 258 (284) B. Exsiccati: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 3504; Underw. & Cook, Ilust. Fungi 2. 3. Crepidopus ostreatus (Jacq.) S. F. Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 1: 616. 1821. Agaricus ostreatus Jacq. Fl. Austr. 2: 3. 1774. Pleurotus ostreatus Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 77. 1872. Crepidopus subsapidus Murrill, Mycologia 4: 216. 1912. ; Pileus fleshy, soft, convex or slightly depressed behind, subdimidiate, often cespitose- imbricate, 5-15 cm. broad; surface moist, silky to glabrous, white, whitish-cinereous, or brown- ish: context white, mild, edible; lamellae broad, decurrent, stbdistant, anastomosing at the Part 5, 1916] AGARICACEAE 305 base, white or whitish: spores oblong, smooth, white or lilac-tinted, 8-12 3-4 u: stipe, when present, usually very short, firm, eccentric or lateral, more or less strigose-hairy at the base. Type Locanity: Austria. Hasitat: Decaying stumps and trunks of deciduous trees. DisTRIBUTION: Throughout temperate North America; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Boudier, Ic. Myc. 1: pl. 79; Gill. Champ. Fr. i. 246 (541); Jacq. Fl. Austr. 2: pl. 104; Sow. Engl. Fungi ol. 241. Exsiccati: Rav. Fungi Car. 2: 3. 4, Crepidopus cornucopiae (Paulet) Murrill. Dendrosarcus cornucopice Paulet, Traité Champ. 2: 119. 1793 (description) and pl. 28. 1812? (latin name). Agaricus cornucopioides Pers. Myc. Eur. 3: 37. 1828. bake (Pleurotus) sapidus Schulzer; in Kalchbr. Ic. Hymen. Hung. 1873. Not A. sapidus Pers. Pleurotus cornucopiae Quél. Ench. Fung. 148. 1886. Pleurotus similis Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 53: 841. 1900. Pileus eccentric or lateral, rarely sessile, irregular, convex or depressed on the disk, gen- erally cespitose, 5-12 cm. broad; surface glabrous, varying from white to yellowish or brownish: context white, edible, the taste agreeable, slightly farinaceous; lamellae rather broad, stb- distant, decurrent, usually anastomosing at the base, whitish: spores oblong, smooth, white, becoming pale-lilac, about 8.5~11 X 4-5 uw: stipe white or whitish, firm, entirely glabrous or slightly tomentose at the base, solid, straight or curved, 2.5~5 cm. long, 6-16 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: France. Hansitat: Dead deciduous wood of various kinds. DISTRIBUTION: Canada to Alabama and west to the Rocky Mountains; also in Europe. ILLusTRaATIONS: Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 48: pl. 26, f. 5-9 (as P. osiveatus), pl. 27; Boudier, Ic. Myc. 1: pl. 77; Bres. Fungi Trid. pl. 115; Cooke, Brit. Fungi. pl. 1155; Gill. Champ. Fr. pl. 544; Hard, Mushrooms f. 123; Paulet, Traité Champ. pl. 28; Richon & Roze, Atl. Champ. pl. 48, f. 6-9. EXSICCATI: Shear, N.Y. Fungi 10. 5. Crepidopus hemiphlebius (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Agaricus (Pleurotus) hemiphlebius Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 288, 1868. Pleurotus hemiphlebius Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 369. 1887. Pileus thin, flabelli orm, 4 cm. broad; surface -very glabrous, reddish when dry: lamellae very distant, thin, acute, interveined: stipe lateral, very short, cylindric, pruinose. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. Hasirat: On dead wood. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 6. Crepidopus Eugeniae (Earle) Murrill. Geopetalum Eugeniae Earle, Inf. An. Estag. Centr. Agron. Cuba 1: 234. 1906. Pileus thin, expanded, suborbicular or broadly reniform, solitary or cespitose, 2-4 cm. broad; surface white, often brownish at the base, dry, fibrillose, margin glabrate, not striate: lamellae discrete, decurrent, subdistant, narrow but subventricose, white: spores ellipsoid, curved, 5 X 3 u: stipe lateral or nearly so, cylindric, densely fibrillose, whitish, solid, 4-8 mm. long, 2 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Santiago de las Vegas, Cuba. Hasirat: On dead trunks and roots of Eugenia Jambos. DISTRtBuTION: Known only from the type locality. ILLustraTIon: Inf. An. Estag. Centr. Agron. Cuba 1: pl. 32, f. 3. 7. Crepidopus caveatus (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Agaricus (Pleurotus) caveatus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 287. 1868. Pleurotus caveatus Saac. Syli. Fung. 5: 353. 1887. Pileus depressed to infundibuliform, subcircular, usually cespitose, 5 cm. broad; surface white, becoming yellowish on drying, margin slightly striate, at times lobed: lamellae decurrent, white or whitish, narrow, crowded: stipe eccentric, glabrous, solid, dilated above, whitish- mycelioid at the base, 4-5 cm. long, 3-5 mm. thick. . TYPE LocALIty: Cuba, . Hasrrat: On rotten logs and dead standing trunks. DisTRiBuTION: Cuba and Jamaica; also in Guiana. 306 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA ([VoLuME 9 8. Crepidopus commiscibilis (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Agaricus (Pleurotus) commiscibilis Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 287. 1868. Pleurotus commiscibilis Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 353. 1887. Pileus eccentric, plane or depressed, often subumbilicate, cespitose, 4-6 cm. broad; surface glabrous, pure-white, hygrophanous, margin striate: context thin, tender, white, mild in flavor; lamellae long-decurrent, thin, rather broad, subdistant, white: stipe dilated above, white, solid, glabrous, whitish-tomentose at the base, 1-2 cm. long, 3-6 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. Hapitat: On logs in woods. DistRIBUTION: Cuba and British Honduras. 9. Crepidopus connatus (Berk.) Murrill. Panus connatus Berk. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. II. 9: 194. 1852. Pileus plane, at length depressed, cespitose-connate, 5 cm. broad; surface glabrous: lamellae decurrent, rather broad, entire, pallid: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 4 X 2.5-3 4: stipe tomentose, 2.5—5 em. long, 6-12 mm. thick. TyPH LocALItTy: Santo Domingo. Hasirat: On dead wood. DISTRIBUTION: Santo Domingo. DOUBTFUL SPECIES Pleurotus connatus (Berk. & Curt.) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 341. 1887. (Agaricus (Pleurotus) connatus Berk. & Curt. Proc. Am. Acad. 4: 115. 1858.) Described from specimens col- Jected on decayed wood on an island in Bering Strait. The type has not been examined. The name is preoccupied. Pleurotus glandulosus (Bull.) Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 332. 1873. (Agaricus glandulosus Bull. Herb. Fr. £1. 426. 1788.) Reported from North Carolina by Schweinitz and usually con- sidered a variety of P. ostreatus. ‘The specimen figured in Bulliard’s plate is almost black in color with a stipe like that of C. cornucopiae, so that it is impossible to say definitely just where the species belongs. Pleurotus Micheneri (Berk. & Curt.) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 344. 1887. (Agaricus (Pleu- rotus) Micheneri Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. II. 12. 420. 1853.) Described from specimens collected on decayed wood in Pennsylvania. ‘The pileus is less than 2 cm. broad and infundibuliform. Both it and the distant, decurrent lamellae are pale-yellow, while the slender stipe is white and 5 cm. long. Pleurotus mutilus (Fries) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 350. 1887. (Agaricus mutilus Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 191. 1821.) Reported from California by Harkness, who may have mistaken an eccentric form of Clitocybe dealbata for it. Pleurotus Pometi (Fries) Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 78. 1872. (Agaricus Pometi Fries, Epicr. Myc. 132. 1838.) Reported from North Carolina by Curtis and from California by Harkness. It occurs on apple trunks in Europe. Pleurotus pulvinatus (Pers.) Sacc. Syll. Fung..5: 355. 1887. (Agaricus pulvinatus Pers. Syn. Fung. 370. 1801.) Reported on pear trunks in New England by Sprague and Ciirtis. A. pulvinatus Bolt. is Vaginata plumbea. Pleurotus putredinis (Berk. & Curt.) Sace. Syll. Fung. 5: 354. 1887. (Agaricus (Pleurotus) putredinis Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 287. 1868.) Described from very small, immature, densely cespitose specimens collected by Wright on dead wood in Cuba. ‘These type specimens are still at Kew, and with them on the same sheet are three very much larger pilei from Cuba bearing no number, which evidently represented the mature form of A. putredinis in Berkeley’s opinion. ‘he species is represented at Paris by this same large form, which is not distinct from C. commiscibilis. If the small typical specimens should be connected definitely with the larger pilei, A. putredinis would then become a synonym of C. commiscibilis. Pleurotus salignus (Pers.) Quél.-Champ. Jura Vosg. 332. 1873. (Agaricus salignus Pers. Syn. Fung. 478. 1801.) Reported from most of the eastern United States, but apparently not specifically distinct from P. ostreatus. We have forms occurring here on willow that very closely resemble those referred to this species in Europe. Cooke’s plate 228 (282) represents these forms very well. Part 5, 1916] AGARICACEAE 807 30. MICROMPHALE (Nees) S. F. Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 1: 622. 1821. Pileus fleshy, putrescent, flabelliform to subcircular in outline: lamellae adnate or sinuate: spores hyaline, sometimes becoming lilac-tinted: stipe more or less eccentric, solid: veil none. Type species, Agaricus fimbriatus Bolt. Species occurring in temperate North America. Lamellae narrow. Odor distinctly farinaceous; stipe 2.5-5 cm. long. l. M. abscondens. Odor not farinaceous; stipe 5-15 cm. long. 2. M. elongatipes. Lamellae broad; pileus 7.5-15 cm. broad. 3. M. ulmarium. Species occurring in tropical North America. Surface conspicuously fibrillose. 4. M. fulvifibrillosum. Surface glabrous or pulverulent. Surface white. 5. M. subexcavatum. Surface bay. 6. M. badium. Surface pale-fuscous; lamellae narrow. 7. M. brunnescens. Surface fuscous to blackish; lamellae broad. 8. M. fuscifrons. 1. Micromphale abscondens (Peck) Murrill. Agaricus abscondens Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 31: 32. 1879, Pleurotus abscondens Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 346, 1887. Pileus compact, convex, sometimes slightly depressed at the center, 2.5-7.5 cm. broad; surface dry, glabrous, white: context having a distinct, farinaceous odor; lamellae thin, narrow, crowded, emarginate, white: spores minute, broadly ellipsoid, usually having a.shining nucleus, 5 w long: stipe eccentric, unequal, rather slender, curved, whitish, slightly mealy at the apex, stuffed or hollow, 2.5-7 cm. long, 4-6 mm. thick, sometimes wanting. TYPE LOCALITY: Griffins, New York. Hasitrat: Decaying deciduous wood, usually in hollow stumps or logs. DISTRIBUTION: Canada to Ohio and west to Michigan; probably also in Europe. InwustRaTIon: Hard, Mushrooms f. 126. 2. Micromphale elongatipes (Peck) Murrill. Pleurotus elongatipes Peck, Jour. Myc. 14: 1. 1908. Pileus fleshy but thin, convex or nearly plane, 5-10 cm. broad; surface glabrous, white, margin even: context: white, somewhat bitter; lamellae thin, crowded, rounded behind, sinuate or adnexed, white: spores globose, 4 uw: stipe very long, solid or stuffed, often more or less curved or flexuous, usually eccentric, ventricose, glabrous or slightly pruinose at the apex, more or less tomentose toward the base, 5-15 em. long, 6-10 mm. thick. Tyre Locatity: Detroit, Michigan. . Hasirat: On elm stumps and decaying wood in woods. DistRIBuTION: Michigan and Minnesota. 3. Micromphale ulmarium (Bull.) Murrill. Agaricus ulmarius Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 510. 1790. Pleurotus ulmarius Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg.77. 1872. Pileus fleshy, compact, convex or nearly plane, 7.5-15 cm. broad; surface glabrous, moist, sometimes tinged with reddish, yellowish, or brownish hues and marbled with livid spots, becoming darker and shining when old: context pure-white; lamellae broad, emarginate or rounded behind, adnexed, moderately close, white or whitish: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, becoming slightly salmon-tinted, 5-6 u: stipe stout, solid, straight or curved, glabrous or partly or wholly tomentose, whitish, 2.5—7.5 cm. long, 12-20 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: France. Hasitat: Trunks of deciduous trees, especially elm, often emerging from pruning wounds. DISTRIBUTION: Canada to Virginia and west to Iowa and Kansas; also in Europe. Inzustrations: Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 510; Ann. Rep. N. Y¥. State Mus. 48: pl. 26, f. 1-4; Atk. Stud. Am. Fungi f. 102, 103; Gibson, Edible Toadst. pl. 15; Hard, Mushr. Book f. 119; Cooke, ree Pie pl. 227 7D; Sow. Engl. Fungi pl. 67, pl. 248, f. 2 Richon & Roze, Atl. Champ. pl. 46, 4. Micromphale fulvifibrillosum Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus fleshy, convex, dimidiate, solitary, 1-2 cm. broad; surface isabelline, with con- spicuous imbricate tufts of tawny fibrils, margin entire, concolorous: lamellae adnate, of medium 308 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 breadth and distance, dull-yellowish: spores ovoid, smooth, hyaline, usually 1-guttulate, 7 X 5 yu: stipe short, curved, equal, white, 5 mm. long, 2 mm. thick. Type collected on fallen dead branches at Orizaba, Mexico, January 10-14, 1910, W. A. & Edna L. Murrill 836 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). : DIsTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 5. Micromphale subexcavatum Murrill. Agaricus (Pleurotus) excavatus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 287. 1868. Not A. excavatus Leysser. 1783. Pleurotus excavatus Sacc. Sy!l. Fung. 5: 353. 1887. Pileus eccentric, depressed, 18 mm. broad; surface at first subzonate, pulverulent: lamellae adnate-decurrent, much crowded, narrow: spores hyaline: stipe larger above and below, mycelioid at the base, 12 mm. long, 2 mm. thick. Type Locauity: Cuba. Hasitrat: On rotten wood. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 6. Micromphale badium Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus thick, fleshy, subhemispheric, 2 cm. broad and 1 em. thick; surface smooth, glabrous, bay; margin undulate, incurved, grayish-pruinose: lamellae adnate, broad, not crowded, dull- watery-white with a grayish tint: spores pip-shaped, smooth, hyaline, about 4 u long: stipe very eccentric, short, thick, abruptly contracted at the apex, smooth, glabrous, grayish- isabelline, 6 mm. long, 5 mm. thick. Type collected on dead wood at Morce’s Gap, Jamaica, December 29, 30, January 2, 1908-9, W.A. & Edna L. Murrill 733 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DrstRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 7. Micromphale brunnescens Earle, Inf. An. Estag. Centr. Agron. Cuba 1: 235. 1906. Pileus thin, dimidiate, broadly spatulate, expanded, solitary, 3-4 cm. broad; surface glabrous but slightly silky-whitened at the base, pale-fuscous, margin not striate: lamellae adnate, scarcely decurrent, densely crowded, narrow, erose, often splitting, subconcolorous but paler: spores globose, 3-4»: stipe lateral or nearly so, cylindric, silky-whitened, solid, about 1 em. long and 3 mm. thick. Type Locality: Guanajay, Cuba. Haxsirat: On dead wood among moss. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. ILLUSTRATION: Inf. An. Esta¢g. Centr. Agron. Cuba 1: #l. 32, f. 2. 8. Micromphale fuscifrons (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Agaricus (Pleurotus) fuscifrons Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 287. 1868. Pleurotus fuscifrons Saac. Syll. Fung. 5: 353. 1887. Pileus thin, soft, plane, subcespitose or solitary, 1.5~2.5 cm. broad; surface glabrous, fuscous to blackish: lamellae adnate-decurrent, broad, subfuscous: stipe lateral or sublateral, 6-8 mm. long. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. Hasitat: On dead wood. DISTRIBUTION: Cuba. DoUBTFUL SPECIES Lentinus pallidus Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. II. 12: 427. 1853. Described from South Carolina, and represented at Kew by one poor specimen, which resembles both Lentodium tigrinum and Micromphale abscondens, or may be Pleurotus corticatus with the ring gone. Pleurotus circinatus (Fries) Quél. Ench. Fung. 147. 1886. (Agaricus circinatus Fries, Epicr. Myce. 132. 1838.) Reported from California by Harkness. ; Pleurotus craspedius (Fries) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 343. 1887. (Agaricus craspedius Fries, Epicr. Myc. 131. 1838.) Reported from Ohio by Morgan and from Minnesota by Johnson. It occurs in Europe on pine trunks. Part 5, 1916] AGARICACEAE 309 Pleurotus pubescens Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 44: 130. 1892. Described from specimens collected on trunks of trees at Lyndonville, New York, by Fairman. ‘The single type specimen is preserved at Albany and proves to be a peculiar, tomentose form of Lentinula reticeps (Mont.) Murrill, in which the reticulations are confined to the margin of the pileus. The specimen is somewhat molded, but this does not appear to account for the tomentum. Pleurotus sulfureoides (Peck) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 345. 1887. (Agaricus sulfurecides Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Cab. 23: 86. 1872.) Described from specimens collected on an old log in woods in the Catskill Mountains, New York. This probably belongs in Cortinellus. Pleurotus tessellatus (Bull.) Quél. Ench. Fung. 147. 1886. (Agaricus tessellatus Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 513, f. 1. 1791.) Reported from North Carolina by Schweinitz. Pleurotus terresiris Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 116: 29. 1907. Type collected on the ground in the margin of woods at West Fort Ann, New York, by Burnham. ‘The lamellae are described as emarginate and the stipe as eccentric. The type specimens cannot be located at Albany under Pleurotus, and the species probably belongs elsewhere. Pleurotus umbonatus Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 32:77. 1905. Described from specimens collected on the ground at Kittanning, Pennsylvania. This species appears to belong rather in Cortinellus than in Micromphale. ‘There are good specimens at Albany. 31. LEPTOMYCES Mont. Syll. Crypt. 128. 1856. Agaricus § Hiatula Fries, Nova ‘Acta Soc. Sci. Upsal. III. 1: 27. 1851. Hiatula Sacc. Sylt. Fung. 5: 305. 1887. Leucoprinus Pat. Bull. Soc. Myc. Fr. 4: 26. 1888. Pileus membranous, plicate-sulcate, splitting down the backs of the lamellae, margin appressed to the stipe when young: lamellae free or attached: spores hyaline: stipe central, slender, tubular, with cartilaginous cortex: veil none. Type species, Lepiomyces lignifragus Mont. Stipe conic, 15 mm, at the base and 4 mm. at the apex. Stipe equal. Pileus less than 1 cm. broad. Pileus 2 cm. or more broad. Lamellae attached. Lamellae free. Pileus plane, pale-purple. Pileus bell-shaped, reddish-brown. L. discretus. LL, minimus. . ciliatulus. ve YN op L L. purpurascens. L. Benzonii. 1. Leptomyces discretus (Fries) Murrill. Agaricus discretus Fries, Flench. Fung. 1: 20. 1828. Pileus thin, conic, umbonate, solitary; surface white, margin densely striate: lamellae free with a remote collar, crowded, white: stipe conic-ventricose, glabrous, white, hollow, 4-5 cm. long, 1.5 cm. thick at the base, 4 mm. thick at the apex. Type LocaLiry: Santa Cruz Island. : DiIstRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 2. Leptomyces minimus (Berk.) Murrill. Hiatula minima Berk. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. II. 9: 193. 1852. Pileus umbilicate, 8 mm. broad; surface light-gray, striate, margin crenate: lamellae forking, remote, plane: stipe slender, paler than the pileus. Tyee Locality: Santo Domingo. . DistRiBuTIoN: Known only from the type locality. 3. Leptomyces ciliatulus (Fries) Murrill. Agaricus (Hiatula) ciléatulus Fries, Nova Acta Soc. Sci. Upsal. III. 1: 27. 1851. Pileus very thin, membranous, campanulate-convex, obtuse, 2.5 cm. broad; surface pellucid, cinereous, margin radiate-plicate, ciliatulate, at first incurved: lamellae distant, white, adnexed, the alternate ones shorter and the long ones flexuous: stipe equal, glabrous, hollow, white, fuscous at the base, 2.5 cm. long, 2 mm. thick. TYPE LocaLity: Costa Rica. Hasirat: On rotten wood. ‘ DistRisutIoN: Known only from the type locality. 310 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLumE 9 4. Leptomyces purpurascens (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Hiatula purpurascens Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 293, 1868. Pileus thin, plane, 2.5 cm. broad; surface pale-purple, glabrous: lamellae free, broad: stipe somewhat enlarged at the apex, glabrous, solid, 4 cm. long. TYPE LocaLity: Cuba. Hasrrat: On rotten leaves. . DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 5. Leptomyces Benzonii (Fries) Murrill. Agaricus Benzonii Fries, Elench. Fung. 1: 20. 1828. Pileus thin, campanulate to expanded, umbilicate, 2.5 cm. broad; surface pale-reddish or brownish, margin striate: lamellae free, approximate, white: spores ovoid, apiculate, 1-guttu- Jate, hyaline, 8-11 X 7 w: stipe equal, glabrous, 2.5-4 cm. long, 2-4 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Santa Cruz Island. Hasrtat: On logs. . DistRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. DOUBTFUL AND EXCLUDED SPECIES Hiatula caespitosa Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 293. 1868. Described from specimens collected on logs in Cuba. See Omphalopsis euspeired. Hiatula crenulata (Fries) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 305. 1887. (Agaricus (Hiatula) crenulatus Fries, Nova Acta Soc. Sci. Upsal. III. 1: 27. 1851.) See doubtful species of Heliomyces. Hiatula fragillissima Berk. & Rav. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. II. 12: 422. 1853. This species has been referred to Lepiota cretacea. 32. OMPHALOPSIS Earle, Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 5: 425. 1909. Agaricus § Omphalia Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 162. 1821. Omphalia Quél. Ench. Fung. 19. 1886. Not Omphalius Roussel, 1806. Pileus usually umbilicate with the margin at first appressed, usually solitary or gregarious: lamellae decurrent, thin, acute: spores hyaline: stipe central, slender, tubular, with cartilaginous cortex. Type species, Agaricus campanella Batsch. I. SPECIES OCCURRING IN TEMPERATE NorTH AMERICA, EXCEPT THOSE CONFINED TO THE PacIFIC COAST Pileus white or whitish. : Pileus not exceeding 6 mm. broad; surface pure-white. Pileus papillate, conic or campanulate. 1. O. papillata. Pileus umbilicate. i Pileus 2-4 mm. broad. 2. O. pusillissima. Pileus 4-6 mm. broad. . O. Rhododendri. Pileus exceeding 6 mm. broad, rarely smaller in some specimens of O. corticola, O. clavata, and O. immaculata. Pileus umbilicate or depressed at the center. Surface striate, at least on the margin. Stipe 1-2.5 em. long. Stipe whitish throughout. 4. O. albidula. Stipe partly brownish. 5. O. corticola. Stipe 2.5-4 cm. Jong. 6. O. Austini. Surface not striate; hymenophore pure-white throughout. 7. O. translucentipes. Pileus convex, not depressed at the center. Pileus densely cespitose. 8. O. centenaria. Pileus not densely cespitose. Pileus pure-white. 9. O. immaculata. Pileus pallid or cinereous. Pileus convex to subplane, not umbonate. 10. O. clavata. Pileus convex to turbinate, usually umbonate. ll. O. turbinata. Pileus yellow, orange, or ferruginous. Pileus yellowish-ferruginous; stipe 2.5 cm. or less long. 12. O. campanella. Pileus orange or pale-yellow; stipe 2.5-5 cm. long. Pileus 12 mm. or more broad; spores 7.5 X 5 p. 13. O. fibuloides. . Pileus 3-10 mm. broad, rarely larger; spores 4-6 X 2-3 yp. 14. O. fibula. Pileus olive-green. 15. O. olivaria. Pileus grayish-brown or fuliginous. Part 5, 1916] AGARICACEAE 311 Pileus grayish-brown, rarely paler. Stipe 1.5-2.5 cm. long. 16. O. serotina. Stipe 4 cm. long. 17. O. praedecurrens. Pileus fuliginous, paler when dry; stipe 3-4 cm. long. 18. O. pseudogrisea. II. SPECIES OCCURRING ON THE PaciFic coast Pileus pure-white. Pileus 2.5 mm. broad. 19. O. californiensis. Pileus 5-10 mm. broad. Stipe glabrous. ; 20. O. McMur phyi. Stipe whitish-pruinose. 21. O. subimmaculata. Pileus pale-orange or yellowish-ferruginous. j Pileus pale-orange; stipe glabrous. “22. O. aurantiaca. Pileus yellowish-ferruginous; stipe conspicuously tawny-strigose below. 12. O. campanella. Pileus brownish-gray at the center, with paler shades toward the margin. 23. O. Bakeri. Ili. SPECIES OCCURRING IN TROPICAL NorTH AMERICA Pileus entirely smoky-white; lamellae very distant. 24. O. distantifolia. Pileus white or whitish, differently colored on the disk. Disk reddish-brown; stipe scarcely 1 mm. thick. 25. O. convexa. Disk some other color; stipe 2-3 mm. thick. Disk pale-yellowish; hymenophore solitary. 26. O. petasiformis. Disk subfuscous; hymenophore densely cespitose. 27. O. euspeirea. Pileus some shade of yellow or orange. Hymenophore solitary or gregarious. Pileus lemon-yellow, 5 mm. broad; occurring among dead leaves. 28. O. citricolor. Pileus orange-yellow, often fading, 2-13 mm. broad; occurring among mosses. 14. O. fibula. Pileus stramineous with a grayish tint, 12 mm. broad. 29. O. myceniformis. Pileus dull-rosy-isabelline, 2 cm. broad. 30. O. cuticolor. —~ Hymenophore cespitose. Pileus pale-isabelline; stipe glabrous. 31. O. roriduliformis. Pileus yellowish-ferruginous to dull-reddish-yellow; stipe adorned below with brown hairs. 12, O. campanella. Pileus pale-avellaneous, 8 mm. broad, gregarious. 32, O. subavellanea. 1. Omphalopsis papillata (Peck) Murrill. Omphalia papillata Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 51: 285. 1898. Pileus membranous, conic or campanulate, 2-6 mm. broad; surface papillate, pure-white, margin nearly even: lamellae strongly decurrent, few, distant, arcuate, white: spores sub- globose, 4-5 y: stipe glabrous, attached to the matrix by a few radiating white filaments, fili- form, white, about 2.5 cm. long. TYPE LocaLity: Gansevoort, New York. Hasitat: On sticks and fallen leaves in woods. | D1stRiBvUTION: Known only from the type locality. 2. Omphalopsis pusillissima (Peck) Murrill. Ompbhalia pusillissima Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 116: 27. 1907. Pileus membranous, broadly convex or nearly plane, umbilicate, 2-4 mm. broad; surface glabrous, white, slightly striate on the margin when dry: lamellae few, distant, decurrent, white: spores subglobose or broadly ellipsoid, 5-6 X 4-5 uw: stipe slender, filiform, flexuous, glabrous, white, 6-10 mm. long. TYPE LOCALITY: Delmar, Albany County, New York. Hasitat: On humus and decaying twigs under pine trees. DISTRIBUTION: New York. 3. Omphalopsis Rhododendri (Peck) Murriil. Agaricus (Omphalia) Rhododendri Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 27: 94. 1875. Omphalia Rhododendri Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 335. 1887. Pileus convex, umbilicate, 4-6 mm. broad; surface glabrous, slightly viscid when moist, white, margin striate: lamellae subdistant, arcuate, decurrent, white, beaded on the edges with gland-like protuberances: spores oblong or narrowly ellipsoid, 7.5 X 3 u: stipe white, roughened with minute, white, gland-like protuberances, slender, 12-16 mm. long. TYPE LOCALITY: Forestburgh, New York. ; Hasrrat: On dead trunks of Rhododendron maximum. DIstRIBUTION: Northern New York. 312 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [ VoLumE 9 4, Omphalopsis albidula (Peck) Murrill. Omphelia albidula Peck, Ann. Rep. N. VY. State Mus. 49: 17. 1896. Pileus thin, convex, umbilicate, 8 mm. broad; surface glabrous, whitish, margin distantly striate: lamellae decurrent, distant, broad, white: spores subellipsoid, apiculate at one end, 7.5-10 X 5-6 uw: stipe glabrous or mealy at the apex and strigose at the base, white or whitish, slender, solid, 1.5-2.5 cm. long, 1 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Mechanicville, New York. Hapirat: On bark of deciduous trees. : DIsTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 5. Omphalopsis corticola (Peck) Murrill. Omphalia corticola Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 44: 130 (18). 1891. Pileus submembranous, convex, becoming expanded and umbilicate, 4-8 mm. broad; surface whitish or pale-cinereous, distantly radiate-striate: lamellae narrow, distant, at first arcuate and adnate, becoming truly decurrent, white: spores ellipsoid, generally containing a single large nucleus, 7.5 X 4: stipe subpruinose or sprinkled with mealy particles, at first whitish with a brown base, becoming brown with a whitish apex, short, curved, 8-16 mm. long. TYPE LOCALITY: Carollton, New York, Hasirat: On bark of white oak trees. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. InLustTRATIONS: Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 44: $l. 2, f. 8-12. 6. Omphalopsis Austini (Peck) Murrill. Agaricus (Omphalia) Austini Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 28: 48. 1876. Omphalia Austini Sacc. Syl. Fung. 5: 336. 1887. Pileus rather tenacious, convex or hemispheric, deeply umbilicate, sometimes perforate, 6-12 mm. broad; surface glabrous, viscid when moist, white, margin striate: lamellae sub- arcuate, distant, decurrent, white: spores ellipsoid, 7.5 X 5 4: stipe glabrous, even, white, villose at the base, equal, hollow, 2.5-4 cm. long, 1 mm. thick. TYPE LOcaLity: Providence, Saratoga County, New York. Hasirat: On decaying wood of spruce and arbor-vitae. DISTRIBUTION: New York. 7. Omphalopsis translucentipes Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus very thin and delicate, convex, depressed at the center, gregarious to subcespitose, scarcely reaching 1 cm. broad; surface glabrous, not striate, pure-white, margin entire, cou- colorous: lamellae simple, short-decurrent, subdistant, rather narrow, white: stipe very slender, cylindric, smooth, glabrous, white, subtranslucent, 2 cm. long, less than 1 mm. thick. Type collected on an old stump in wet woods in City Park, New Orleans, Louisiana, September 6, 1908, F. S. Earle 72 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). Haprrat: Logs or stumps in wet woods. DISTRIBUTION: Vicinity of New Orleans, Louisiana. 8. Omphalopsis centenaria (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Agaricus (Omphalia) centenarius Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. II. 12: 420. 1853. Omphalia centenaria Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 334. 1887. Pileus fragile, thin, conic-convex, umbonate, densely cespitose, 12 mm. broad; margin sulcate: lamellae long-decurrent, white: stipe spotted-annulate, whitish-hyaline, darker at the base, hollow, tomentose-connate below, 8-10 cm. long. TYPE LocaLIty: South Carolina. Hastirat: On rotten logs. DIsTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 9. Omphalopsis immaculata (Peck) Murrill. Agaricus (Mycena) immaculatus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 3 Mycena immaculate Sacc. Syll. Fung. "5: 264. Y 987. a Pileus membranous, conic or subhemispheric, 5-10 mm. broad; surface glabrous, pure- Parr 5, 1916] AGARICACEAE 313 white, margin striatulate: lamellae uncinate-decurrent, distant, broad, white: spores oblong, 7-8.5 X 3m: stipe slender, entirely glabrous or villose at the base, pellucid, white, slightly enlarged at the apex. Type Locatity: Adirondack Mountains, New York. Hasirat: Among moss and fallen leaves and on naked ground. DISTRIBUTION: New York. 10. Omphalopsis clavata (Peck) Murrill. Omphalia clavata Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 51: 285. 1898. Pileus thin, convex to subplane, 4-8 mm. broad; surface glabrous, pallid or subcinereous, margin decurved: lamellae very decurrent, distant, narrow, pallid: spores globose, 5-6 yn: stipe long, slender, glabrous, slightly villose at the base, enlarged above, pallid, stuffed, 2.5 cm. long, 1 mm. or less thick. TYPE LOcALITy: Raybrook, Essex County, New York. Haspitat: On dead prostrate trunks of arbor-vitae, Thuja occidentalis. DistRiButTion: Known only from the type locality. 11. Omphalopsis turbinata Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex to turbinate, usually umbonate, gregarious, 8-14 mm. broad; surface glabrous, hygrophanous, pale-grayish, becoming lighter when dry, margin thin, pallid, even or faintly subplicate, appressed when young: lamellae long-decurrent, subdistant, rather broad, concolorous: spores ellipsoid, pointed at one end, smooth, hyaline, 7-8 X 4: stipe sub- cylindric, smooth, slightly pruinose, concolorous above, darker below, firm, nearly solid, 3 cm. long, 1-1.5 mm. thick. Type collected on the ground among mosses in the New York Botanical Garden, July 10, 1902, F. S. Earle 207 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DistRIBUTION: New York City. 12. Omphalopsis campanella (Batsch) Earle, Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 5: 425. 1909. Agaricus fragilis Schaeff. Fung. Bavar. 4: Ind. 56. 1774. Not Agaricus fragilis L. 1764. Agaricus campanella Batsch, Elench. Fung. 73. 1783. Agaricus (Omphalia) Tagetes Mont. Ann. Sci. Nat. TV. 14: 182. 1860. Omphalia campanella Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 219, 1872. Omphalia pubescentipes Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 24: 141. 1897. Pileus thin, rather tough, hemispheric or convex, umbilicate, gregarious to subcespitose, 8-20 mm. broad; surface glabrous, hygrophanous, yellowish-ferruginous and striatulate when moist, paler when dry: lamellae moderately close, arcuate, decurrent, yellowish, the interspaces venose: spores ellipsoid, 6-7 X 3-4 uw: stipe firm, rigid, hollow, brown, often paler at the apex, tawny-strigose at the base, about 2.5 cm. long, scarcely 2 mm. thick. TypE LocaLity: Europe. Hasrtat: On much decayed wood of coniferous trees. DistRIButIon: Throughout temperate North America and at high elevations in Cuba, Jamaica, and Mexico; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Cooke, Brit. ge fr 273 (263) A; Hard, Mushrooms f. 97; Mycologia 4: pl. 68, f. 10; Schaeff. Fung. *Bavar. pl. 2. 13. Omphalopsis fibuloides (Peck) Murrill. Agaricus (Omphalia) fibuloides Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 24: 63, 1872. Omphaliea fibuloides Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 331. 1887. Pileus thin, convex, deeply umbilicate, 12-20 mm. broad; surface glabrous, hygrophanous, dull-orange and striatulate when moist, paler when dry: lamellae rather crowded, arcuate, strongly decurrent, white, the interspaces venose: spores ellipsoid, 7.5 X 5 yu: stipe equal, glabrous, colored nearly like the pileus, hollow, 2.5-5 cm. long, scarcely 2 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Greig,{New York. Hasrtar: On burnt, mossy ground in a pasture. DistriBurion: Known only from the type locality. 314 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 14. Omphalopsis fibula (Bull.) Murrill. Agaricus fibula Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 186. 1783. Omphalia Swartzii Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 45: 40. 1893. Pileus membranous, commonly convex or hemispheric and umbilicate, rarely conic, 3-20 mm. broad; surface glabrous, hygrophanous, striatulate when moist and varying in color from orange to pale-yellow, sometimes with darker center, even and paler when dry: lamellae distant, arcuate, strongly decurrent, white or yellowish: spores ellipsoid, smooth, 4-6 X 2-3 y; cystidia 35-40 X 7-8 y: stipe long, slender, subconcolorous, glabrous, 2.5-5 cm. long, 0.5-2 mim. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: France. Hasrrat: On mossy ground and prostrate mossy trunks of trees in woods or open places. DISTRIBUTION: Canada to the West Indies and Honduras and west to Colorado; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 186, pl. 550, f. 1; Cooke, Brit. Fungi pl. 274 (265) B; Hard, Mushrooms f. 99; Sow. Engl. Fungi pl. 45. 15. Omphalopsis olivaria (Peck) Murrill. Agaricus (Omphalia) olivarius Peck, Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 1: 48. 1873. Ombhalia olivaria Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 335. 1887. Pileus convex, umbilicate, 2.5 em. broad; surface glabrous, olive-green: lamellae sub- distant, arcuate-decurrent, pale-yellow: spores stubglobose or broadly ellipsoid, 6-7 X 54: stipe equal, short, glabrous, colored like the pileus, hollow, 2.5 cm. long, 2 mm. thick. TYPE LocaLity: North Elba, New York. Hasirat: On burnt ground under balsam fir trees. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 16. Omphalopsis serotina (Peck) Murrill. Omphalia serotina Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 34: 98, 1907. Pileus submembranous, convex, sometimes slightly depressed at the center or subumbili- cate, 1-2 cm. bfoad; surface grayish-brown, grayish-white, or subcinereous, margin widely striate when fresh and moist, slightly striate when dry: lamellae rather broad, subdistant, adnate or slightly decurrent, white: spores narrowly ellipsoid, 8-10 X 4-5 u: stipe slender, hollow, glabrous, slightly villose-tomentose at the base, pallid, 1.5-2.5 cm. long, 1 mm. thick. Tyre LOCALITY: Boston, Massachusetts. Hasitat: Among fallen leaves in woods. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 17. Omphalopsis praedecurrens Murrill. Mycena praedecurrens Murrill, Mycologia 4: 165, 1912, Pileus conic to subturbinate when young, then umbonate, and at length nearly plane, densely gregarious to subcespitose, reaching 1.5 cm. broad and nearly 1 cm. high; surface glabrous, very slightly viscid when wet, avellaneous, with darker avellaneous umbo; margin straight, appressed, usually striate, often yellowish-white: lamellae long decurrent, distant, nearly plane, inserted, entire, white with an ashy tint, acute at each end: spores ovoid, smooth, hyaline, 5X3-3.5 mu: stipe enlarged at the apex, subglabrous, gelatinous-white, avellaneous at the base, slightly viscid when wet, stuffed, about 4m. long and 2 mm. thick. Type LocaLity: The Bronx, New York City. Haprtat: On a mossy bank filled with slender roots in moist, deciduous woods. Distrreution: Known only from the type.locality. 18. Omphalopsis pseudogrisea Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex-depressed, gregarious, 1-2 cm. broad; surface glabrous, smooth, subhy- grophanous, fuliginous, paler when dry, margin concolorous, faintly striate, appressed when young: lamellae inserted, not forking, decurrent, distant, broad, arcuate to plane, pallid: spores ovoid, pointed at one end, smooth, hyaline, uniguttulate, 6-8 X 4 yu: stipe cylindric, smooth, glabrous, subconcolorous, apparently solid, 3-4 cm. long, 1-2 mm. thick. Type collected on a rotten stump at Englewood, New Jersey, August 22, 190 1911 (herb. N. ¥. Bot. Gard.). - i a ae i des DISTRIBUTION: New Jersey and southern New York. Par? 5, 1916] AGARICACEAE 315 19. Omphalopsis californiensis Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus very delicate, pure-white throughout, conic to narrowly campanulate, distinctly umbonate, gregarious, 2.5 mm. broad and high; surface smooth, glabrous, margin entire, appressed when young: context white, without characteristic taste or odor; lamellae decurrent, broad, arcuate, distant: spores ovoid, smooth, hyaline, 7~9 X 54: stipe very slender, cylindric, pulverulent above, glabrous below, cartilaginous, becoming hollow, 1-2 cm. long, less than 1 mm. thick. Type collected among decaying pine needles in shady pine woods at Stanford University, California, November 16, 1901, C. F. Baker 92 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 20. Omphalopsis McMurphyi Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus rather small and delicate, convex, cespitose, 5-10 mm. broad; surface smooth, glabrous, white, margin undulate, furrowed, appressed when young: context thin, white, with- out characteristic taste or odor; lamellae decurrent, subdistant, about 20 in number, rather broad, white: stipe cylindric, slender, hollow, white, glabrous, mycelioid at the base, 1.5-3 cm. long, 0.5-1 mm. thick. Type collected in soil, probably attached to buried wood, on the bank of Madera Creek, near Stanford University, California, December 21, 1902, James McMurphy 51 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 21. Omphalopsis subimmaculata Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus small, convex, slightly depressed at the center, cespitose, reaching 8 mm. broad; surface smooth, glabrous, finely striate nearly to the center, pure-snow-white, margin entire, appressed when young: lamellae long-decurrent, distant, rather narrow, inserted, white: stipe very slender, cylindric, hollow, white, minutely whitish-pruinose to subglabrous, 2 cm. long, 0.5 mm. thick. Type collected on dead wood in woods near Seattle, Washington, October 20~November 1, 1911, W. A. Murrill 688 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 22. Omphalopsis aurantiaca (Peck) Murrill. Omphalia aurantiaca Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 25: 323. 1898. Pileus very thin, broadly convex or subplane, cespitose, 1-2.5 cm. broad; surface glabrous, pale-orange, margin striatulate when moist, inflexed: lamellae thick, pale-orange, decurrent, distant: spores ellipsoid, 7.5 X 4: stipe short, often curved, concolorous, I-2.5 cm. long, 1 mm. thick. TyPE LocALIty: Portland, Oregon. Hasrrat: On old fir tree logs in woods. . DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 23. Omphalopsis Bakeri Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus minute, delicate, broadly campanulate, gregarious, 3-8 mm. broad; surface brown- ish-gray on the disk, becoming lighter toward the margin, dry, glabrous, margin undulate, pallid, striate, appressed when young: context very thin, white, without characteristic odor or taste; lamellae decurrent, inserted, subdistant, rather broad, white: stipe very slender, cylindric, pale-brownish-gray, smooth, glabrous, except at the base, hollow, 2-3 cm. long, less than 1 mm. thick. Type collected among decaying pine needles in a shady grove at Stanford University, Cali- fornia, November 16, 1901, C. F. Baker 93 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 24. Omphalopsis distantifolia Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus infundibuliform, gregarious, reaching 3 cm. broad; surface smoky-white, silky- fibrillose to glabrous, broadly striate-sulcate: lamellae decurrent, very distant, broad, white: 316 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuUME 9 spores globose or broadly ellipsoid, 5-7 » long: stipe subcylindric, pruinose, white, solid, 2 cm. long, 3—4 mm. thick. Type collected on dead bamboo at Moore Town, Jamaica, November 22, 1902, F. S. Earle 546 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). ; DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 25. Omphalopsis convexa Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex, not depressed at the center, cespitose, 1 cm. broad; surface glabrous, striate, dull-brownish-white, reddish-brown on the disk, margin entire, appressed when young: lamellae decurrent, arcuate, broad, subdistant, white: spores narrowly ovoid, pointed at one end, smooth, hyaline, 5 X 2 u: stipe slender, equal, curved, smooth, glabrous, dull-reddish- brown, 1 cm. long, scarcely 1 mm. thick. Type collected on a mossy log in Castleton Gardens, Jamaica, 200 m. elevation, December 14, 15, 1908, W. A. & Edna L. Murrill 59 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DisTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 26. Omphalopsis petasiformis Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus hat-shaped, with a large and prominent umbo, solitary, 2 cm. broad, 1 cm. high; surface pure-white, glabrous, faintly striate, the umbo faintly straw-colored: lamellae decur- rent, distant, broad, thin, ventricose, pure-white: stipe cylindric, equal, smooth, glabrous, pure-white, 3 cm. long, 2-3 mm. thick. Type collected on the ground under tree ferns at Morce’s Gap, Jamaica, 1500 m. elevation, December 29, 30, January 2, 1908-9, W. A. & Edna L. Murrill 706 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Jamaica, at elevations of about 1500 m. 27. Omphalopsis euspeirea (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Agaricus (Mycena) euspeiveus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 285. 1868. Agaricus (Omphalia) subpellucidus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 286. 1868. Agaricus (Omphalia) anthiceps Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 286. 1868. Hiatula caespitosa Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 293. 1868. Omphalia paraguariensis Speg. Anal. Soc. Ci, Argent. 16: 245. 1883. Pileus thin, convex, more or less umbilicate, densely cespitose, 1-2.5 em. broad; surface glabrous, white, subfuscous at the center, margin striate-sulcate, depressed, often elevated with age: lamellae adnate-decurrent, distant, broad, white: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 5 X 34: stipe slender, glabrous, white, pellucid, hollow, dilated at the apex, strigose at the base, 2.5-3 cm. long. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. Hasitat: On decayed logs in woods. DisTRIBUTION: Cuba, Porto Rico, and Jamaica; also in Paraguay. 28. Omphalopsis citricolor (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Agaricus (Mycena) citricolor Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 285. 1868. Mycena citricolor Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 263. 1887. Pileus small, thin, pellucid, convex, gregarious, 5 mm. broad; surface lemon-yellow: lamellae decurrent, few, concolorous: stipe glabrous, filiform, concolorous, 6 mm. long. TYPE LocALItTy: Cuba. Hawirat: On dead leaves. DisTRIBUTION: Cuba and Jamaica. 29. Omphalopsis myceniformis Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus thin, convex, not expanding, solitary, 12 mm. broad ; surface glabrous, dry, stramine- ous with a grayish tint, margin striate, satiny, deflexed, entire: lamellae short-decurrent, inserted, ventricose, broad, subdistant, white: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 5-7 p: stipe long, tough, curved, smooth, glabrous, pale-reddish-brown, 3 cm. long, 1 mm. thick. Type collected in humus in a moist virgin forest in the Tepeite Valley, near Cuernavaca, Mexico 2100 m. elevation, December 28, 1909, W. A. & Edna L. Murrill 463 (herb, N.Y. Bot. Gard.). : DistTRiBuTion: Known only from the type locality. Parr 5, 1916] AGARICACEAE 317 30. Omphalopsis cuticolor Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex to plane, slightly depressed at the center, solitary, 2 cm. broad; surface striate, dull-rosy-isabelline, hygrophanous at the center: lamellae decurrent, broad, distant, interveined, whitish: spores ovoid, much pointed at one end, smooth, hyaline, 5-7 X 3-4 u: stipe cylindric, equal, slightly enlarged above, smooth, glabrous, concolorous, about 3 cm. long and 1 mm, thick. Type collected on buried dead wood in a moist virgin forest at Motzorongo near Cordoba, Mexico, 1500 m. elevation, January 15, 1910, W. A. & Edna L. Murrill 1014 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 31. Omphalopsis roriduliformis Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus thin, fleshy, hemispheric, cespitose, abundant, 1 cm. broad; surface dry, glabrous, finely roughened, pale-isabelline, margin entire, concolorous, appressed when young: lamellae decurrent, broad, subdistant, ventricose, watery-whitish: spores subglobose, smooth, hyaline, minute, apparently immature, 2 u: stipe cylindric, smooth, glabrous, pale-melleous, 1.5-2.5 em. long, 1 mm. or less thick. Type collected on the under side of a dead log in Troy and Tyre, Cockpit Country, Jamaica, 600 m. elevation, January 12-14, 1909, W. A. Murrill & W. Harris 964 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 32. Omphalopsis subavellanea Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus broadly convex, slightly umbilicate, gregarious, reaching 8 mm. broad; surface smooth, glabrous, very pale avellaneous, margin entire, concolorous: lamellae decurrent, broad, subdistant, white: stipe subequal, rather short, smooth, glabrous, white above, con- colorous below, 1.5 cm. long, 1 mm. thick. Type collected on a much-decayed, moss-covered log in Troy and Tyre, Cockpit Country, Jamaica, ng m. elevation, January 12-14, 1909, W. A. Murrill @ W. Harris 1003 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DIstRiBuTION: Known only from the type locality. DOUBTFUL SPECIES Agaricus (Omphalia) centenartus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 286. 1868. Not A. centenarius Berk. & Curt. 1853. The specimens from Cuba determined as A. centenarius by Berkeley are Omphalopsis euspeirea. Agaricus (Omphalia) cyanipes Frost, Cat. Pl. Amherst 64. 1875. No description. Omphalia telmatida Berk. & Cooke, an European species, has a blue stipe, and this is also true of some of the rosy-spored agarics. Agaricus (Omphalia) lapidescens (Horan.) Cohn & Schrét. Abh. Naturw. Ver. Hamb. 112: 15. 1891. Reported as collected in the sclerotium form in Porto Rico by Sintenis (Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 17: 498. 1893). ‘These specimens are at Berlin and closely resemble small, marble-like sclerotia found by Harris and Murrill in a clay road at Cinchona, Jamaica, January 5, 1909. Schréter succeeded in 1890 in obtaining hymenophores of an Omphalia from the sclerotia of Mylitia lapidescens Horaninow. Delicatula microscopica (Wirtgen) Fayod, Ann. Sci. Nat. Hist. VII. 9: 313. 1889. (Agari- cus microscopicus Wirtgen, Flora 18: 321. 1835.) This minute plant has been reported from New Jersey and Guadeloupe, but the determinations are probably incorrect. Fayod included this species with O. integrella in his genus Delicatula. Mycena rorida (Fries) Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 74. 1872. (Agaricus roridus Fries, Obs. Myc. 1: 84. 1815.) Reported by Peck and others from various parts of the United States. ; Omphalia behringensis (Berk. & Curt.) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 319. 1887. (Agaricus (Om- phalia) behringensis Berk. & Curt. Proc. Am. Acad. 4: 114. 1860.) Described from Arakamt- chetchene Island, Bering Strait. The specimens at Kew are rather poor. Omphalia camptophylla (Berk.) Sace. Syll. Fung. 5: 329. 1887. (Agaricus (Omphalia) camptophyllus Berk. in Smith, Engl. Fl. 57: 62. 1836.) Reported from Massachusetts and Rhode Island. 318 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 9 Omphalia chlorocyana (Pat.) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 336. 1887. (Agaricus (Omphalia) chlorocyanus Pat. Tab. Fung. 1: 145. 1885.) Specimens collected by Earle in Alabama, which are unfortunately without field notes, appear to be related to this species. Omphalia grisea (Batsch) Quél. Ench. Fung. 45. 1886. (Agaricus griseus Batsch, Elench. Fung. Contin. 1: 87. 1786.) Reported from Maryland and Alabama. Not seen at Albany. This species greatly resembles Prunulus and the lamellae are only slightly decurrent. Omphalia hepatica P. Karst. Bidr. Finl. Fungi 32: 133. 1879. ‘This species appears to be credited to Batsch and Fries and may be nothing more than Agaricus subhepaticus Batsch. (See Batsch’s figure 211.) It is reported from Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island, but is not to be found at Albany. Omphalia rhyssospora (Mont.) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 333. 1887. (Agaricus (Omphalia) rhyssosporus Mont. Syll. Crypt. 113. 1856.) Described from specimens collected on fallen leaves in woods near Columbus, Ohio. ‘The types at Paris are poor, but show that the species is not an Omphalia. From the specific name, one would judge that the spores were rose- colored and the species is probably an Entoloma. Omphalia subgrisea Peck, Ann. Rep. N. VY. State Mus. 41: 63. 1888. Described from specimens collected on decayed wood of yellow birch at Blue Mountain Lake in the Adiron- dacks. The types are not to be found at Albany, the only specimens there being from Port Jefferson and these are questioned as to determination. Peck has remarked that this species is probably an Ecczlia. 33. GALACTOPUS Earle, Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 5: 426. 1909. Pileus convex, the margin usually at first appressed: lamellae adnate or adnexed, bleeding when cut: spores hyaline: stipe central, tubular, bleeding when cut. Type species, Agaricus haematopus Pers. Lamellae not becoming blackish on drying. 1 Lamellae becoming blackish on drying. Pseudolatex white or watery. 2 Pseudolatex red. Lamellae white, the edges concolorous. 3. G. haematopus. Lamellae pale-reddish, the edges purplish-black. 4, G. sanguinolentus. . G. rugosodiscus, . G. succosus. 1. Galactopus rugosodiscus (Peck) Murrill. Agaricus (Omphalia) rugosodiscus Peck, Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 1: 48. 1873. Mycena rugosodisca Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 293. 1887. Omphalia rugosodisca Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 45: 34. 1893. Pileus thin, broadly convex or nearly plane, umbilicate-obtuse or slightly wmbonate, sometimes slightly umbilicate, 12-24 mm. broad; surface glabrous, hygrophanous, rugose on the disk, brown and striatulate when moist, paler when dry, margin thin, often wavy: lamellae natrow, crowded, arcuate or plane, adnate, white, emitting drops of a watery juice where cut or broken: spores ellipsoid, 6-7 X 4 u: stipe short, glabrous, whitish or colored like the pileus, hollow, often curved, 2.5 cm. long, 1-2 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Worcester, New York. Hasrtat: On decaying prostrate trunks of coniferous trees, especially hemlock. DISTRIBUTION: Maine and New York. 2. Galactopus succosus (Peck) Murrill. Agaricus (Collybia) succosus Peck, Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 1: 46. 1873. Mycena succosa Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 293. 1887. Pileus rather firm, campanulate or convex, cespitose, 2-4 em. broad ; surface minutely tomentose, cinereous or very pale reddish-gray, darker at the center, the margin exceeding the lamellae: context abounding in a thin watery or sertum-like juice, changing to purplish and black when cut; lamellae slightly ascending, thin, crowded, emarginate with a slight decurrent tooth, tapering toward the outer extremity, whitish with a pale-reddish-gray tint: spores sub- globose, minute, 4-5 yu: stipe firm, equal or slightly tapering upward, often curved, minutely tomentose, containing a whitish pith, pale-reddish-gray at the apex, dark-reddish-gray below, 4-8 cm. long, 2~3 mm. thick. Parr 5, 1916] AGARICACEAE 319 TYPE LOCALITY: Portville, Cattaraugus County, New York. Hasirat: On decayed wood or humus in woods. DISTRIBUTION: Canada, New England, and New York; also reported from Michigan. ILLUSTRATION: Mycologia 6: pl. 137, f. 9. 3. Galactopus haematopus (Pers.) Earle, Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 5: 426. 1909. Agaricus haematopus Pers. Obs. Myc. 2: 56. 1799. Mycena haematopus Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 225. 1872. Pileus subfleshy, conic to campanulate-obtuse, cespitose, 1-2.5 cm. broad; surface smooth, white to dark-reddish, margin sterile, slightly striate, denticulate: lamellae adnate, subdistant, white, concolorous on the edges: spores 6-9 X 5-6 u: stipe rigid, concolorous, white-powdery or villous-downy, exuding a blood-red juice when injured, 3-8 em. long, 2-3 mm. thick. TyPE LocaLity: Germany. Hasrrat: On dead wood. DISTRIBUTION: New England to North Carolina and Ohio and west to Washington, Oregon, and California; also in Europe. InLusTRaTions: Atk. Stud. Am. Fungi f. 100; Fries, Ic. Myc. pl. 83, f. 1; N. Marsh. Mushr. Book, facing page 93. 4, Galactopus sanguinolentus (Alb. & Schw.) Murrill. Agaricus (Mycena) sanguinolentus Alb. & Schw. Consp. Fung. 196. 1805. Mycena sanguinolenta Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 225. 1872. Pileus membranous, conic to campanulate-convex, 0.5-1 cm. broad; surface opaque-red at first, then gradually more dilute, the umbo deep-purple, margin striate: lamellae ascending, crowded, linear, pale-reddish, purplish-black on the edges: spores cylindric-ellipsoid, 8~11 X 4.5-5 yw; cystidia pointed, reddish-brown, 30 X 11-13 »: stipe weak, flaccid, subconcolorous, glabrous, exuding reddish drops when injured, 6-11 cm. long. Tyvpr LocaLity: Germany. Hasitat: In sphagnum and other mosses or among leaves in moist places. DISTRIBUTION: New England and New York, and reported from Michigan and New Jersey; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATION: Fries, Ic. Myc. pl. 83, f. 3. DOUBTFUL SPECIES Mycena galopus (Pers.) Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 73. 1872. Agaricus galopus Pers. Obs. Myc. 2: 56. 1799. Described from Germany, occurring among moss. The species is reported from Massachusetts and the Carolinas by the older mycologists. Authentic European specimens from Bresadola very much resemble Prunulus alcaliniformis in the dried state. 34. PRUNULUS (Cesalp.) S. F. Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 1: 630. 1821. Agaricus } Mycena Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 140. 1821. Mycena Quéi. Champ. Jura Vosg. 68. 1872. Mycenula P. Karst. Medd. Soc. Faun. on Fenn. 16: 89. 1889. Insiticia Earle, Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 5: 425. 1909. Basidopus Earle, Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. '5: 426. 1909. Collopus Earle, Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 5: 426. 1909. Stereopodium Earle, Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 5: 426. 1909. Linopodium Earle, Bull. N. ¥. Bot. Gard. 5: 427. 1909. Pileus convex, the margin at first appressed, solitary, gregarious, or densely cespitose: lamellae adnate or adnexed, white or rarely bright-colored, sometimes changing to gray or reddish: spores hyaline: stipe central, tubular, dry or viscid, not bleeding when cut. Type species, Prunulus denticulatus (Bolt.) S. F. Gray. I, SPECIES OCCURRING IN TEMPERATE NortTH AMERICA, EXCEPT THOSE CONFINED TO THE PACIFIC COAST Pileus 1 cm. or less broad, sometimes reaching 1.5 cm. broad. Pileus white or whitish. Pileus 2-4 mm. broad, minutely scaly or furfuraceous. Stipe 7 mm. long. 1. P. lepiotiformis. Stipe 2.5 cm. long. 2. P. tenerrimus. NORTH AMERICAN FLORA Pileus 4-12 mm. broad. Stipe 8-15 mm. long. Stipe 1.5-2.5 cm. long. Stipe 4-5 cm. long. Stipe deeply radicate. Stipe not radicate. Pileus 6-8 mm. broad. Pileus 8-12 mm. broad. ; Pileus pale-bluish-green. (32. P. corticalis is sometimes bluish.) Pileus reddish-violet. Pileus pink or red. Stipe 1.5 cm. long; pileus bright-red. Stipe 3-5 cm. long. Stipe rose-colored. Stipe whitish, sometimes rose-tinted at the apex. Lamellae distant. Lamellae crowded. Pileus white, brown-tinted on the disk. Pileus some shade of yellow, isabelline, or fulvous. Pileus pale-smoky-yellow; lamellae pale-yellow. Pileus pale-yellow to flesh-colored or whitish; lamellae subin- camate. Pileus pale-reddish-yellow. Pileus dark-melleous, fading out toward the margin. Pileus bright-yellow; lamellae and stipe also yellow. Pileus dull-yellow or pale-luteous. Lamellae white. Lamellae yellow. Pileus isabelline, densely cespitose. Pileus avellaneous-isabelline, gregarious. Pileus pale-fulvous, gregarious to stbcespitose. Pileus some shade of gray or brown, varying to reddish-brown in P. corticalis. Pileus grayish, avellaneous, or pale-brown. Hymenophore occurring on the ground among leaves or mosses, Pileus 2-8 mm. broad. Stipe 1-2 cm. long; pileus only 2 mm. broad. Stipe 2.5-6 cm. long. Surface viscid. Surface not viscid. Pileus 2-6 mm. broad. Pileus 6-8 mm. broad. Pileus 8-12 mm. broad. Lamellae entirely white, even when dry. Pileus umbilicate. Pileus subumbonate. Lamellae grayish or bluish-gray when dry. Lamellae white or whitish with purple edges. Hymenophore occurring on dead wood. Pileus 2-6 mm. broad. Pileus 6-15 mm. broad. Hymenophore solitary. Stipe 1 cm. long. Stipe 4-5 em. long. Hymenophore densely cespitose. Pileus umbonate; stipe 5 cm. long. Pileus not umbonate; stipe 3 cm. long. Pileus dark-brown, sometimes paler on drying. Stipe 1.5-2.5 em. long. Stipe 2.5-4 cm. long. Stipe 1 mm. thick. Stipe 2-2.5 mm. thick. Stipe 5-6.5 cm. long. Stipe 8-10 cm. long. Stipe 13-18 cm. long. Pileus reaching 2 cm. or more broad. Hymenophore occurring on the ground in soil or among leaves or mosses. Pileus whitish, flavid, or fuscous; lamellae white. Pileus yellow, viscid; lamellae pale-yellow. Pileus dark-tan or nearly fuscous; lamellae white. Pileus some shade of gray, grayish-brown, or avellaneous, 1-2.5 em. broad. Pileus and stipe viscid; stipe bright-yellow, 5-30 em. long. Pileus and stipe not viscid. Stipe 5-7 cm. long. Stipe glabrous. Stipe densely scabrous. 47. 48. WOON NH PO Sk eh ye oh oy hy tathity mytytytyty ty Ayhy tyhy tyty (VoLuME 9 . erystallinus. . parvulus. . radicatellus. . delectabilis. . roseocandidus. . cyaneobasis, . Meliigena. . amabillissimus. roseolus. . voseipallens. voseocandidus. odorifer. flavifolius. subincarnatus. leptophyllus. melleidiscus, luteopallens. Sabali. pulcherrimus. . connatipes. . favinaceus. . cervinialbus, . minutissimus. . vulgaris. . constans, . albogriseus. . miratus. . latifolius. caesius. . capillaripes. . corticalis. . brevipes. subfumosus. . intertextus. . avellaneus. curvipes. . alvibrunneus. . hemisphaericus. . vexans. . atroalboides. . praelongus. . clavicularis. . acutoconicus. . Ludovicianus. . Splendidipes. . alcaliniformis. . Scabripes. Part 5, 1916] AGARICACEAE Stipe 8-10 cm. long. Stipe 15 cm. long. Stipe 3-5 cm. long. Pileus some shade of red, purple, or violet. Pileus livid-purple; lamellae blackish-violet, dentate. Pileus not as above; lamellae pale-violet. Hymenophore occurring on dead wood. Pileus pallid, varying to pale-yellowish or pale-avellaneous. Disk concolorous. Pileus umbonate; stipe 4-10 cm. long. Pileus not umbonate; stipe 3-4 cm. long. Stipe snow-white throughout. Stipe pale-ochraceous-cinereous. Disk brownish or bay. Pileus not umbonate, becoming slightly umbilicate. Pileus umbonate or obtuse. Pileus red or orange; lamellae and stipe also orange. Pileus purplish-brown to lilac-brown; lamellae purplish-brown on the edges. Pileus gray, avellaneous, or brownish, sometimes reddish. Stipe 1-2 mm. thick, rarely reaching 3mm. in P. rugosoides. Stipe radicate, 4-8 cm. long. Stipe not radicate. Lamellae denticulate, pale-brown, edges. Lamellae not denticulate, white or grayish. Stipe 3-4 cm. long. cae gray, slightly rosy-isabelline on the isk. Surface avellaneous at maturity, fuliginous on the disk. Stipe 5-6 cm. long; surface covered with com- pacted fibrils which split radially. Stipe 2-5 mm. thick. Stipe 2.5 em. long. Stipe 3 cm. or more long. Pileus and stipe viscid. Pileus and stipe not viscid. Lamellae grayish-white. Lamellae white. Stipe 3-5 cm. long. Stipe 5-10 em. long. Hymenophore gregarious. Hymenophore cespitose. purplish on the II. SPECIES OCCURRING ON THE PACIFIC coast Pileus 1 cm. or less broad; surface white, yellow, or red. Pileus white or whitish. Stipe 3 cm. long. Stipe 6-10 cm. long. Pileus yellow or orange. Pileus flavous, with luteous tint on the disk; lamellae citrinous. Pileus citrinous with orange umbo; lamellae white. Pileus and stipe orange; lamellae white. Pileus scarlet, miniatous, or incarnate. Lamellae reddish on the edges. Lamellae white or yellowish on the edges. Stipe rosy-isabelline, 1.5-3.5 cm. long. Stipe pale-yellow, 6 cm. long. Pileus 1-5 em. broad. Lamellae purplish-brown on the edges. Lamellae not purplish-brown on the edges. Pileus caesious with an aeruginous tint. Pileus some shade of red or violet. Pileus some shade of avellaneous, brown, or purplish-brown. Pileus 1-2.5 em. broad. Stipe 2-6 cm. long. Lamellae gray, at least when dry; hymenophore cespi- tose on dead wood. . Lamellae cream-colored; hymenophore gregarious among pine needles. Stipe 6 cm. or more long. Stipe 6-10 cm. long. Pileus dull-brownish; stipe light-brown. Pileus avellaneous, blackish-brown on the disk ; stipe steel-gray. Stipe 15 cm. long. Pileus 3-5 em. broad. ° Lamellae distant; pileus avellaneous. Lamellae crowded; pileus pale-avelianeous. wy ty tS yy Sa ed BB OPN ON 321 . palusier. . cymbaliferus. . murinus. . denticulatus. purus. adirondackensis, niveipes. ochraceicinereus. pectinatus. ligniarius. Leaianus. pur pureofuscus. - rugosoides. . rutilantiformis. . tenuiculus. . subtenuipes. . aividiscus. . Semivestipes. epipleryginus. Suliginosus. . collybiiformis. . alroumbonatus. . galericulatus. . leucophaeus. . paludicola. . flavicitrinus. . aurantiidiscus. . aurantiacus. Sstrobilinoides. amabillissimus. fusipes. . elegantulus. . caesiialbus, purus. . occidentalis, . plumbeibrunneus. myceliosus. Abramsii. longipes. magnus, Grantii. 322 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLumE 9 III. SPECIES OCCURRING IN TROPICAL NorTH AMERICA Pileus white, whitish, or cinereous, sometimes differently colored on the disk. Surface entirely white. Pileus minute, 1-4 mm. broad. Stipe short, 4-6 mm. 88. P. Myrciae. Stipe much longer, 1-2.5 em. Pileus 2 mm. broad, not striate. 89. P. alphitophorus. Pileus 4 mm. broad, striate. 90, P. subpulverulentus. Pileus much larger, 1.5-2 cm. broad. 91. P. trojanus. Surface white, fuscous on the umbo. 92. P. roridulus, Surface cinereous, pale-avellaneous on the umbo. 93. P. margarita. Pileus and lamellae greenish-gray. 94. P. viridigriseus. Pileus yellowish, avellaneous, or brownish. Pileus 4-8 mm. broad. Stipe 2 em. long. Pileus solitary or gregarious, striate. : : Surface pale-avellaneous, ashy-white on the disk. 95. P. cinereiavellaneus. Surface avellaneous, with a fumosous tint, the disk con- colorous. 96. P. fumosiavellaneus, Pileus cespitose, not striate. 97. P. avellaneigriseus. Stipe 5-7 cm. long. 98. P. gracillipes. Pileus about 1 cm. broad. i Surface avellaneous, striate. 99. P. argillaceus. Surface dark-brown, not striate. 100. P. pubescens. _ Pileus 1.5-2 em. broad. Surface pale-isabelline or avellaneous. 101. P. cinchonensis. Surface ochraceous-brown. 102. P. carbonicola. Pileus lilac or some shade of red. Pileus 5-8 mm. broad. Surface lilac-colored. 103. P. syringeus. Surface dark-testaceous. 104. P. testaceus. Pileus 1-2 cm. broad; stipe 2-3 cm. long. Surface latericeous; lamellae testaceous. 105. P. latericius. Surface chestnut-red; lamellae fawn-colored. 106. P. corrugatus. Pileus 2-5 cm. broad; stipe 5-8 cm. long. a P. purus, 1. Prunulus lepiotiformis Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus minute, broadly convex, not fully expanding, solitary, 3 mm. broad; surface dry smooth, white, minutely and densely pubescent-scaly, margin entire, concolorous: lamellae subdistant, rather broad, inserted, adnexed to nearly free, white to pale-yellowish: stipe short, filiform, smooth, white above, grayish-brown and whitish-pubescent below, 7 mm. long. Type collected on much decayed hemlock wood in woods at Unaka Springs, Tennessee, August 18-24, 1904, W. A. Murrill 716 (berb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 2. Prunulus tenerrimus (Berk.) Murrill. Agaricus (Mycena) tenerrimus Berk. in Smith, Engl. Fl. 5°: 61. 1836. Mycena tenerrima Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 75. 1872. Pileus thin, delicate, flaccid, globose to convex, gregarious, 2-4 mm. broad; surface pure- white, densely furfuraceous: lamellae free, subremote, ventricose, distant, white: spores glo- bose, hyaline: stipe capillary, white, at first clothed like the pileus but becoming subglabrous in part, discoid at the base, 2.5 cm. long, scarcely 1 mm. thick. Type Locatity: England. HasiraT: On pine cones and among pine needles. DIstTRIsuTION: New York; also in Europe. 3. Prunulus crystallinus (Peck) Murrill. Mycena crystallina Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 41: 63. 1888. Pileus membranous, conic to subplane, slightly umbonate, 6-12 mm. broad; surface beset with yellow, viscid particles, white, margin reflexed, even or obscurely striate: lamellae adnate, crowded, narrow, thin, white: stipe short, slender, concolorous, adorned like the pileus, hollow, white-lanate at the base, 8-15 mm. long. TypE Locality: Catskill Mountains, New York. Hasirat: Fallen pine needles. DisTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. Part 5, 1916] AGARICACEAE 323 4, Prunulus parvulus Murrill. Beats eo) minutulus Peck, Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 1:47. 1873. Not A. minutulus ries, Mycena minutula Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 263. 1887. Pileus campanulate or convex, papillate, gregarious, 4-8 mm. broad; surface glabrous, smooth, white, margin striatulate: lamellae broad, subdistant, with a slight decurrent tooth, interveined, white: stipe short, thin, firm, glabrous or farinaceous, white, 1.5-2.5 cm. long. Type Locality: Portville, New York. HasitaT: On bark of prostrate trunks in woods. DIstTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 5. Prunulus radicatellus (Peck) Murrill. Agaricus (Mycena) radicatellus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 31: 32. 1879. Mycena radicatella Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 275. 1887. Pileus thin, campanulate, obtuse or subumbonate, 8-12 mm. broad; surface glabrous, whitish, margin striate: lamellae crowded, narrow, ascending, white: spores subglobose, rough, 8-10 uw: stipe firm, thin, deeply radicate, glabrous, whitish, 4—5 cm. long. TYPE LocaLity: Griffins, Delaware County, New York. HapitatT: On mossy ground in woods. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 6. Prunulus delectabilis (Peck) Murrill. Agaricus (Mycena) delectabilis Peck, Ann. Rep. N. ¥. State Mus. 27: 93. 1875. Mycena delectabilis Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 262. 1887. Piletus conic, subacute, thin, 6-8 mm. broad; surface white, margin striate: context having an alkaline odor; lamellae arcuate-decurrent, crowded, white: stipe slender, equal, smooth, with hairy filaments at the base, 4 cm. long, 1 mm. thick. TYPE Locality: Forestburgh, New York. Hapitat: Among mosses in woods. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. ILLUSTRATIONS: Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 27: pl. 1, f. 22-25. 7. Prunulus roseocandidus (Peck) Murrill. Agaricus (Mycena) roseocandidus Peck, Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 1: 47. 1873. Mycena roseocandida Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 262. 1887. Pileus convex or broadly campanulate, 8-12 mm. broad; surface usually pure-white, but sometimes having a delicate rosy hue, except on the margin, which is striate: lamellae crowded, uncinate, white or rosy: stipe thin, smooth, white, sometimes rose-tinted at the apex, glabrous, 5 em. long. Tyrese LocaLtity: Adirondack Mountains, New York. Hasitat: Among mosses in woods. : DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 8. Prunulus cyaneobasis (Peck) Murrill. Agaricus (Mycena) subcoeruleus Peck, Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 1:47. 1873. Not A. subcoeruleus With. 1792. : Mycena cyaneobasis Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 51: 284. 1898. Mycena cyanothrix Atk. Stud. Am. Fungi 98. 1900. Pileus thin, submembranous, conic or subcampanulate, cespitose, 6-15 mm. broad; surface glabrous, viscid and bright-blue when young, caesious or grayish with age, the center tinged with fuscous, margin faintly striate to the umbo: context at first having a taste like radishes, then becoming bitter; lamellae adnexed, crowded, narrow, white to grayish, fimbriate ou the edges: spores subglobose, smooth, hyaline, 6-8 u: stipe slender, firm but brittle, radicate, hollow, pruinose or pubescent-fibrillose, whitish or rosy-isabelline, with blue or green my- celium at the base, 4~—9 cm. long, 2 mm. thick. TyP# Locatity: North Elba, New York. Hazitat: On decaying trunks of beech, birch, Si possibly other deciduous trees. DISTRIBUTION: New York, New Jersey, and Ohi ILLUSTRATIONS: Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 31: pl. B, f. 1-7; Atk. Stud. Am. Fungi. f. 99. 324 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 9. Prunulus Meliigena (Berk. & Cooke) Murrill. Agaricus (Mycena) Meliigena Berk. &' Cooke, oe 6: 129. 1878. Mycena Meltigena Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 302. 1887. Pileus thin, hemispheric, 2-3 mm. broad; surface reddish-violet, margin sulcate: lamellae adnate, uncinate, concolorous: spores subglobose, papillate, 10 u: stipe short, furfuraceous, 4-6 mm. long. Tyree LocaLity: South Carolina. Hapitat: On bark of Melia, Diospyros, etc. DISTRIBUTION: South Carolina. 10. Prunulus amabillissimus (Peck) Murrill. Agaricus (Mycena) amabillissimus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. ¥. State Mus. 39: 39. 1887. Mycena amabillissima Sacc. Syll. Fung. 9: 37. 1891. Piles submembranous, campanulate, obtuse or acute, 6-12 mm. broad; surface glabrous, bright-red or scarlet, margin obscurely striatulate when moist: lamellae ascending, whitish or tinged with red: stipe pallid, slender, subpellucid, with a white villosity at the base, 1.5 cm. long. Type Locality: Karner, New York. Hasirat: Among mosses and ferns or on dead wood or leaves in moist situations. DisTRIBUTION: New York; also in Washington and Oregon. ILLUSTRATION: Mycologia 5: pl. 92, f. 8 11. Prunulus roseolus Murrill. Agaricus rosellus Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 151. 1821. Not A. rosellus Batsch, 1786. Mycena roselia Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 221. 1872. Pileus membranous, hemispheric, obtusely umbonate, gregarious, 4-5 mm. or more broad; surface rose-colored, expallent, margin striate: lamellae adnate, rose-colored, darker on the edges: spores 6-8 X 4 w: stipe thin, soft, rose-colored, white-fibrous at the base. TYPE LOCALITY: Europe. Hasirat: On the ground in coniferous woods. DistRisution: New England, New York, and New Jersey; also in Europe. Exsiccati: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 2006. 12. Prunulus roseipallens Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus rather tough, thin, campanulate, gregarious, 1-1.5 cm. broad; surface smooth, glabrous, not striate, shell-pink, paler with age: lamellae adnexed, distant, rather narrow, white tinged with pink: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 6-7 3-4 w: stipe equal, curved, smooth, glabrous, whitish, pruinose above, 3-5 em. long, 1-2 mm. thick. Type collected on the ground among rotten leaves at Redding, Connecticut, August 25, 1902, F.S. Earle 1289 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 13. Prunulus odorifer (Peck) Murrill. Agaricus (Mycena) odorifer Peck, Ann. Rep. N. ¥. State Mus. 30: 39. 1878. Mycena odorifera Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 295, 1887. Pileus thin, hemispheric to expanded, 4-6 mm. broad; surface white, glabrous, brown- tinted on the disk: lamellae adnate or subdecurrent, subarcuate, the edges crenulate, white: spores narrowly ellipsoid, 3 » long: stipe coriaceous, equal, viscid, glabrous, white or pale- brown, white-villous at the base, 2.5-4 cm. long. Type Locatity: Adirondack Mountains, New Vork. Hapirat: In moss. DISTRIBUTION: New York. 14. Prunulus flavifolius (Peck) Murrill. Mycena flavifolia Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 167: 28. 1913. Pileus thin, slightly submembranous, conic or convex, sometimes slightly umbonate, gregarious, 1 cm. broad; surface glabrous, pale-smoky-yellow, becoming pale-pinkish-brown Part 5, 1916] AGARICACEAE 825 or subalutaceous on drying, sulcate-striate, somewhat plicate-crenate on the margin: lamellae thin, crowded, broad at the outer extremity, narrowed toward the stipe, pale-yellow, becoming pallid on drying: spores ellipsoid or subovoid, 6-8 X 4-5 u: stipe slender, equal, glabrous, hollow, chestnut-colored. TYPE Locality: North Elba, New York. Hasitat: Under balsam fir trees. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 15. Prunulus subincarnatus (Peck) Murrill. Agaricus subincarnatus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Cab. 23: 83. 1872. Mycena subincarnata Sacc. Syl. Fung. Ps: 262. 1887. Pileus hemispheric, convex or expanded, gregarious, 6-15 mm. broad; surface pale-yellow or flesh-colored to whitish, margin striatulate: lamellae subincarnate, uncinate, decurrent- toothed: stipe slender, hollow, white-villose at the base, 2.5—4 cm. long. TyPE Locality: Center, New York. HasitatT: Under pine trees. DISTRIBUTION: New York and New Jersey. 16. Prunulus leptophyllus (Peck) Murrill. Agaricus (Mycena) leptophyllus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. ¥. State Mus. 24: 63. 1872. Mycena leptophylia Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 304. 1887. Pileus thin, campanulate or convex, subpapillate, 6-10 mm. broad; surface glabrous, pale-reddish-yellow, brighter on the disk, margin striatulate when moist: lamellae crowded, narrow, uncinate, white or yellowish-flesh-colored, spotted, the ends accuminate: spores broadly ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 7-8 X 5-6 uw: stipe thin, tough, glabrous, whitish, hollow, 1.5-4 cm. long, 1 mm. thick. TYPE LocaLiry: Greig, New York. Hasrrat: On old mossy logs and rotten wood in woods. DIstRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 17. Prunulus melleidiscus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex to expanded, solitary or gregarious, 5-7 mm. broad; surface viscid, shining, smooth, striate, dark-melleous on the disk, gradually paler toward the margin, which is white, entire, and translucent: lamellae adnexed, rather crowded, ventricose, of medium width, white: stipe slender, equal, viscid, smooth, glabrous, white, mycelioid at the base, 3-4 cm. long, 1 mm. thick. Type collected among leaf-mold in woods on the north shore of Sebec Lake, Piscataquis County, Maine, September 16, 17, 1905, W. A. Murrill 2602 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DIstRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 18. Prunulus luteopallens (Peck) Murrill. Agaricus (Mycena) luteopallens Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus, 32: 27. 1880. Mycena luteopallens Sacc. Syll. Fung. 9: 37. 1891. Pileus thin, submembranous, convex, solitary or cespitose, 6-15 mm. broad; surface glabrous, bright-yellow, paler when dry, margin striatulate when moist: lamellae subdistant, slightly arcuate, yellow: stipe equal or tapering upward, smooth, yellow, hollow, having yellow hairs at the base, usually long-radicate, 5 em. long, 2 mm. thick. Type Locauiry: Adirondack Mountains, New York. Hasrrat: Among fallen leaves in woods, often attached to buried wood or walnuts. DISTRIBUTION: New York, Connecticut, and New Jersey. ILLUSTRATION: Mycologia 7: pl. 160, f. 6. 19. Prunulus Sabali Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex, scarcely wmbonate, not fully expanding, solitary, 1 cm. broad; surface glabrous, rugose, striate, dry, pale-luteous, slightly darker on the disk: lamellae adnate, sub- distant, narrow, white: stipe cylindric, glabrous, smooth, white, pubescent at the base, 3 cm. long, 1 mm. thick. Type collected on a dead petiole of a dwarf palmetto in City Park, New Orleans, Louisiana, September 6, 1908, F. S. Earle 77 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). Distripution: Known only from the type locality. 326 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 9 20. Prunulus pulcherrimus (Peck) Murrill. Agaricus pulcherrimus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Cab. 23: 83. 1872. Mycena pulcherrima Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 288. 1887. Pileus subcampanulate or convex, rarely subumbonate, gregarious, 6-10 mm. broad; surface dull-yellow, a little darker on the disk, margin striatulate: lamellae adnexed, slightly uncinate, broad, subventricose, yellow: stipe thin, concolorous, hollow, white-villose at the base, 2.5-4 cm. long. TYPE LocaLity: Center, New York. Hapsrrat: Under pine trees. DIstTRIBUTION: New York. 21. Prunulus connatipes (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Agaricus \Mycena) connatipes Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. III. 4: 286. 1859. Mycena connatipes Sacc. Syll. Fung. 14: 84. 1899. Pileus hemispheric, densely cespitose, 4-15 mm.. broad; surface alutaceous: lamellae adnate with a decurrent tooth, yellowish-white: stipe white, the bases connate, 5 cm. long, 3 mm. thick. Tyee LOCALITY: North Carolina. Hasitat: On the ground. DISTRIBUTION: North Carolina. 22. Prunulus farinaceus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus conic to convex and at length plane, gibbous, gregarious, reaching 1.5 cm. broad; surface smooth, dry, glabrous, more or less striate, avellaneous-isabelline, margin entire, ‘blackish, (probably frozen): context pallid, the odor and taste decidedly mealy; lamellae adnexed, broad, crowded, ventricose, grayish-white: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 7-8 X 45 uw: stipe cartilaginous, subequal, quite short for the genus, smooth, polished, brownish, paler at the apex, 3 cm. Jong, 2 mm. thick. Type collected in an open mossy field near the New York Botanical Garden, October 8, 911, W. A. Murrill & E. C. Volkert (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. ILLUSTRATION: Mycologia 6: pl. 137, 23. Prunulus cervinialbus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus hemispheric, not fully expanding, gregarious to subcespitose, 1 cm. broad; surface dry, glabrous, conspicuously rugose, fawn-colored, margin entire, not striate: lamellae adnate with a decurrent tooth, crowded, narrow, pure-white: cystidia spindle-shaped, 40-50 X 10-15 p: stipe slender, cylindric, equal, smooth, glabrous, subconcolorous, hollow, 4-7 cm. long, 1 mm. thick. Type collected by the roadside in the New York Botanical Garden, June 14, 1902, F. S. Earle 71 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 24. Prunulus minutissimus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus conic to campanulate, not expanding, slightly umbonate, solitary, 2. mm. broad; surface dry, smooth, glabrous, griseous, murinous on the disk, margin pallid, striate: lamellae adnate, of medium breadth and distance, white: stipe filiform, smooth, glabrous, murinous, 1-2 cm. long, less than 1 mm. thick. pag collected among leaves in mixed woods at Unaka Springs, Tenn A t 18-24, 1904, W. A. Murrill 909 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). iii ieee DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 25. Prunulus vulgaris (Pers.) Murrill. Agaricus vulgaris Pers. Tent. Disp. Fung. 24. 1797. Mycena vulgaris Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 74. 1872. Pileus submembranous, convex to depressed, usually papillate, gregarious, 4-8 mm. broad; surface viscid, fuscous or cinereous varying to reddish or whitish, the papilla darker, Par? 5, 1916] AGARICACEAEK 327 margin slightly striate: lamellae broad, distant, adnate or subdecurrent, thin, white: spores hyaline, ellipsoid, 3-4 X 2 »: stipe tough, fibrillose-radicate, very viscid, cinereous, fistulose, white-strigose at the base, 2.5-6 cm. Jong, 2-5 mm. thick. TyPE LOcALIry: Europe. Hasitat: On pine needles in forests. DISTRIBUTION: New York; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATION: Pers. Ic. Deser. Fung. pl. 19, f. 3. Exsiccati: Thiim. Myc. Univ. 1101. 26. Prunulus constans (Peck) Murrill. Agaricus (Mycena) constans Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 27:93. 1875. Mycena constans Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 296. 1887. Pileus submembranous, campanulate or couvex, 2-6 mm. broad; surface pale-cinereous, margin striate: odor alkaline; lamellae uncinate, crowded, ascending, white: stipe thin, equal, glabrous, dry, concolorous, filamentous at the base, 5 cm. long. Tyre Locality: Forestburgh, New York. Hasitat: Among moss in woods. DistRIBUTION: New York. 27. Prunulus albogriseus (Peck) Murrill. Mycena albogrisea Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 116: 27. 1907. Pileus thin, submembranous, ovoid or subcampanulate, obtuse, 6-8 mm. broad, rarely reaching 10 mim.; surface glabrous, sulcate-striate, grayish-white, assuming a slightly darker or smoky tint on drying: lamellae rather thick, broad, distant, adnate, concolorous: spores 7-8 X 4-5: stipe slender, glabrous, hollow, paler than the pileus, with a whitish, strigose villosity at the base, 2.5-5 cm. long, about 1 mm. thick. TYPE LocaALity: Bolton, Warren County, New York. Hastirat: Attached to fallen leaves of coniferous trees. DIstRIBsUTION: Known only from the type locality. 28. Prunulus miratus (Peck) Murrill. Agaricus (Mycena) miratus Peck, Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 1: 48. 1873. Mycena mirata Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 290. 1887. Pileus thin, campanulate, umbilicate, 8-10 mm. broad; surface glabrous, smooth, cinere- ous, margin striate: lamellae crowded, narrow, slightly uncinate, whitish: stipe smooth, whitish, long, filiform, radicate, villose at the base, 5 cm. long. TyPE LocaLity: Center, New York. Hasitat: Among fallen leaves in copses. . DIstRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 29. Prunulus latifolius (Peck) Murrill. Agaricus latifolius Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Cab. 23: 81. 1872. Mycena latifolia Sace. Syll. Fung. 5: 268. 1887. Pileus convex, rarely subumbonate, gregarious, 8-12 mm. broad; surface grayish-brown, margin striatulate: lamellae broad, uncinate, white, with a decurrent tooth: spores 6 X 5 mu: stipe smooth, glabrous, subconcolorous, hollow, white-villous at the base, 2.5-4 cm. long, 10 mm. thick. TyPE LocaLity: Center, New York. Hapirar: Under pine trees. DistRiBuTION: New Hampshire and New York. InLusTRATIONS: Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Cab. 23: pl. 6, f. 8-14. 30. Prunulus caesius (Peck) Murrill. Mycena caesia Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 22: 486. 1895. . Pileus submembranous, campanulate, 8-12 mm. broad; surface glabrous, grayish-brown, blackish at the center, margin striate: lameflae subventricose, thin, grayish or bluish-gray when dry: spores subellipsoid, slightly apiculate at one end, 7.5~-10 X 4-5 yu: stipe slender, glabrous, grayish-brown, hollow, 2.5-5 em. long, 1-2 mm. thick. TYPE Locality: Newfoundland. Hasirat: Among sphagnum, . Distrreution: Known only from the type locality. 328 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUuME 9 31. Prunulus capillaripes (Peck) Murrill. Mycena capillaripes Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 41: 63. 1888. Pileus membranous, campanulate, 12 mm. broad; surface glabrous, hygrophanous, livid-gray or brownish when moist, paler when dry, margin striate when moist: context having a weak alkaline odor; lamellae adnate, ascending, subdistant, white or livid-white, dark- brownish-purple on the margin: spores narrowly ellipsoid, 7.5 X 4 u: stipe slender, subcapil- lary, fragile, glabrous, concolorous, hollow, 3.5-6.5 cm. long, 1 mm. thick. Type Locatiry: Karner, New York. Hasirat: Under pine trees. : DIstRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 32. Prunulus corticalis (Bull.) Murrill. ? Agaricus clavularis Batsch, Elench. Fung. Contin. 1: 89. 1786. Agaricus corticalis Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 519, f. 1. 1790. Agaricus corticola Pers. Syn. Fung. 394. 1801. Mycena corticola Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 75. 1872. Pileus thin, hemispheric, slightly umbilicate, 2-6 mm. broad; surface reddish-brown, bluish, or cinereous, floccose-pruinose, margin sulcate-striate: lamellae adnate, uncinate, broad, subovate, pallid: spores sphaeroid, 9-10 »: stipe thin, short, incurved, furfuraceous, 1-2 mm. long. Type LocaLity: France. Hasirat: On bark among moss and lichens. DISTRIBUTION: Maine to Louisiana and west to Michigan. ; ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 519, f. 1; Cooke, Brit. Fungi pl. 164 (250) A; Fries, Ic. Myc. pl. 85, f. 2. Exsrecatr: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 2007. 33. Prunulus brevipes Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus conic to convex, not umbonate, solitary, 8 mm. broad; surface dry, glabrous, pale- gray, striate, margin pallid, entire, appressed when young: lamellae adnexed or nearly free, crowded, narrow, broader near the margin, white: stipe very short for the genus, slightly tapering downward, smooth, dry, glabrous, white, attached to the substratum by a broad, circular mat of white mycelium, scarcely 1 cm. long, 1-2 mm. thick. Type collected on a fallen dead hardwood stick at Unaka Springs, ‘Tennessee, August 18-24, 1904, W. A. Murrill 713 (berb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DisTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 34, Prunulus subfumosus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex to sutbexpanded, thin, scarcely umbonate, scattered, 6-10 mm. broad; surface minutely silky to subglabrous, striate, dry, pale-fumosous, margin concolorous, slightly crenate: lamellae adnate, rather broad, subdistant, white: stipe filiform, pruinose to glabrous, subconcolorous below, white above, 4-5 cm. long, 0.5 mm. thick. Type collected on fallen dead wood in a wet thicket at New Orleans, Louisiana, September 8, 1908, F. S. Earle 126 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DistRipurion: Known only from the type locality. 35. Prunulus intertextus (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Agaricus (Mycena) intertextus Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. III. 4: 286. 1859. Mycena intertexta Sacc. Syll. Fung. 14: 83. 1899. Pileus hemispheric, umbonate, becoming expanded, densely cespitose, 6-15 mm. broad; surface fusco-cinereous, the margin paler, striate: lamellae adnate, distant, thick, white: stipe glabrous, fuscous above, paler below, fistulose, villous-connate, 5 cm. long, 1-1.5 mm. thick. Type LOCALITY: Carolina. Hasitat: On Pinus. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. PaRT 5, 1916] AGARICACEAE 329 36. Prunulus avellaneus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus campanulate to convex, not umbonate, densely cespitose, 1-1.5 em. broad; surface smooth, dry, glabrous, striate, avellaneous: lamellae adnate, distant, broad, white, ventricose in front, notched on the edges: spores broadly ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 7~8.5 X 6-7 u: stipe tough, hollow, smooth, glabrous, avellaneous, paler at the apex, equal or slightly en- ‘larged toward the base, 3 em. long, 2 mm. thick. Type collected on a dead balsam fir log in woods at Lake Placid, Adirondack Mountains, New York, July 17-29, 1912, W. A. & Edna L. Murrill 86 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 37. Prunulus curvipes (Peck) Murrill. Omphalia curvipes Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 34: 345. 1907. Pileus submembranous, convex, umbilicate, cespitose, 6-10 mm. broad; surface glabrous, moist, brown, grayish-brown, or dark-gray, sometimes paler at the center when dry, margin sometimes obscurely striate, incurved: lamellae thin, rather crowded, arcuate, adnate or slightly decurrent, white or whitish: spores minute, 4 X 2 u: stipe short, curved, stuffed or hollow, white or whitish, slightly thickened and distinctly whitish-villose at the base, 1.5-2.5 cm. long, 1-2 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Ontario, Canada. Hasitat: On decaying wood of maple and certain other trees. DISTRIBUTION: Eastern Canada and New York. 38. Prunulus atribrunneus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus campanulate to convex, subumbonate, gregarious, 1-1.5 cm. broad; surface dry, glabrous, dark-brown, margin subconcolorous, entire, not striate: lamellae adnexed, nearly free, crowded, rather broad near the margin, undulate on the edges, white: spores subglobose, smooth, hyaline, 5-6 uw: stipe cylindric, filiform, dry, smooth, glabrous, white, hollow, 3-4 cm. long, 1 mm. thick. Type collected on an old stump in the New York Botanical Garden, July 6, 1902, F. S. Earle 196 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 39, Prunulus hemisphaericus (Peck) Murrill. Mycena hemisphaerica Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 46: 104 (24), 1893. Pileus thin, firm, hemispheric, gregarious or subcespitose, 1-1.5 cm. broad; surface glab- rous, hygrophanous, brown when moist, gray when dry, margin striatulate when moist: lamellae adnate, subdistant, arcuate, whitish-livid: spores ellipsoid, 4-5 XK 3 yu: stipe glabrous, livid- white, hollow, 2.5-3 em. long, 2-2.5 mm. thick. TyPE Locality: Fulton Chain, New York. Haszrrat: On mossy prostrate trunks of trees in woods. DISTRIBUTION: New York. 40. Prunulus vexans (Peck) Murrill. Mycena vexans Peck, Ann, Rep. N. Y.:‘State Mus. 38: 85. 1885. Pileus conic-campanulate or convex, membranous, solitary or gregarious, not cespitose, 1-1.5 cm. broad; surface subpruinose, blackish-brown, margin distantly striate: lamellae slightly interveined, adnate or uncinate-adnate, subdistant, ascending, white, becoming gray, paler on the edges: spores 7.5~8 X 5-6.5 yw: stipe slender, tough, glabrous, concolorous, hollow, often floccose-villose at the base, 5-6.5 em. long, 2.5 mm. thick. Tyres Locauity: Adirondack Mountains, New York. Hasirat: On the ground in woods. : DistTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 41. Prunulus atroalboides (Peck) Murrill. Agaricus (Mycena) atroalboides Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 27: 93. 1875. Mycena atroalboides Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 276, 1887. Pileus campanulate, obtuse or subumbonate, 8-12 mm. broad; surface at first blackish- brown with a slight pruinosity, then fading to cinereous on the margin, which is striate: lamellae 330 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VOLUME 9 crowded, narrow, ascending, uncinate with a decurrent tooth, white or cinereous: spores apiculate-ellipsoid, about 8 y: stipe long, equal, glabrous, concolorous, darker toward the apex when young, villose at the base, 8-10 cm. long, 1-2 mm. thick. Type LocaLity: Forestburgh, New York. Hanirat: Wet places among mosses in woods. DistRIBUTION: New York. 42. Prunulus praelongus (Peck) Murrill. Agaricus praelongus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. ¥. State Cab. 23: 81. 1872. Mycena praelonga Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 282. 1887. Pileus cylindric to conic-campanulate, gregarious, 8-15 mm. broad; surface blackish- brown or lead-colored, becoming paler in drying, margin striate when moist: lamellae uncinate, with a decurrent tooth, narrow, white: stipe glabrous, very long, firm, paler than the pileus, often reddish, hollow, villose at the base, 13-18 em. long. Tvps LocaLiry: Sandlake, New York. Hasirat: In sphagnous marshes. DISTRIBUTION: New York. 43. Prunulus clavicularis (Fries) Murrill. Agaricus clavicularis Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 158, 1821. Mycena clavicularis P. Karst. Bidr. Finl. Nat. Folk 32: 119. 1879. Pileus membranous, convex-expanded, at first subumbonate and then depressed on the disk, 1-3 cm. broad; surface whitish, flavid, or fuscous, dry, epelliculose, margin striate: lamellae often interveined, adnate or subdecurrent, white: stipe tough, glabrous, viscid, whitish, fibril- lose at the base, 2.5 cm. long. TyPE LOcALITyY: Sweden. Hasirat: In rather moist pine woods. DISTRIBUTION: New York and Massachusetts; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATION: Fries, Ic. Myc. pl. 84, f. 1. Exsiccatt: Roum. Fungi Gall. 3203; Roum. Fungi Sel. 4801. 44. Prunulus acutoconicus (Clements) Murrill. Mycena acutoconica Clements, Bot. Surv. Neb. 2: 38. 1893. Pileus submembranous, persistently conic, acute, 2.5-3 cm. broad; surface light-yellow, viscid, smooth: lamellae free, linear, ochraceous when dry: spores oblong-ellipsoid, 12 X 7-8 u: stipe long, equal, smooth, yellowish-brown, 6-7 cm. long. Tyree Locality: Squaw Cafion, Nebraska. Hasirat: In sand. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 45. Prunulus ludovicianus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus fleshy, firm, convex to expanded, gibbous, solitary, 3 em. broad; surface moist, glabrous, scarcely striate, dark-tan or nearly fuscous: lamellae free or nearly so, crowded, of medium breadth, whitish: spores subglobose, smooth, hyaline, 6-7 u: stipe cylindric, equal, glabrous, pallid, shining, solid, 5 cm. long, 5 mm. thick. Type collected on the ground in a wet thicket at New Orl isi F. S. Earle 132 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). a al DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 46. Prunulus splendidipes (Peck) Murrill. Mycena splendidipes Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 167: 28. 1913. Pileus thin, submembranous, ovoid when young, subcampanulate or convex with age, 10-20 mm. broad; surface glabrous, striate, viscid, brown at the center and yellow near the margin when young, becoming grayish-green, greenish-brown, or brown with age; margin persistently appressed and constricted, pallid: context having a strong odor and disagreeable taste, poisonous; lamellae subdistant, rather narrow, adnate, white or whitish: spores broadly Parr 5, 1916] AGARICACEAE 331 ellipsoid or subglobose, 6-8 X 4-6 u: stipe long or short, straight or flexuous, hollow, glabrous, viscid, bright-lemon-yellow, 5-30 cm. long, 2-4 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Richmond County, New Vork. Hasitat: On decaying pine leaves. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. ILLUSTRATION: Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 167: pl. 10. 47, Prunulus alcaliniformis Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus conic to broadly convex, the umbo becoming inconspicuous with age, gregarious, very abundant, 1-2 cm. broad; surface dry, glabrous, furoso-avellaneous, the umbo slightly darker at times, radiate-striate over the lamellae, margin concolorous, appressed when young: context thin, white, with sweetish taste and pleasant odor; lamellae adnate, breaking away from the stipe with age, broad, slightly ventricose, distant, several times inserted, white, with an ashy tint: spores ellipsoid, pointed at one end, smooth, hyaline, 8-9 X 5 u: stipe long, slender, equal, dry, glabrous, avellaneous, whitish at the apex, mycelioid at the base, holiow, cartilaginous, 5~7 em. long, about 2 mm. thick. Type collected among twigs and needles under a Norway spruce in woods in the New York Botanical Garden, June 14, 1911, W. A. Murrill (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). Hasitat: On and about dead coniferous wood and needles. DISfRIBUTION: Massachusetts, New York, and Alabama. ILLUSTRATION: Mycologia 4: 1. 68, f. 9 (as Mycena vexans). 48. Prunulus scabripes Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus campanulate, not umbonate, solitary or gregarious, 2 cm. broad; surface dry, glabrous, avellaneous, shining, slightly striate, margin entire, concolorous: lamellae nearly free, arcuate, subdistant, rather broad near the margin, ashy-white: spores oblong-ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, densely granular, 8-9 X 4-5 u: stipe cylindric, equal, hollow, cartilaginous, avellaneous, minutely and densely scabrous, especially at the apex, 7 cm. long, 2-3 mm. thick. Type collected among grass by the roadside in thin woods at Lake Placid, Adirondack Moun- tains, New York, October 3-14, 1912, W. A. & Edna L. Murrill 864 (berb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DistRiBvuTION: Known only from the type locality. 49. Prunulus paluster (Peck) Murrill. Agaricus paluster Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Cab. 23: 82. 1872. Mycena palustris Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 282. 1887. Pileus convex to expanded, with a small, acute umbo, 1-2 em. broad; surface grayish- brown, whitish-gray in drying and apparently covered with numerous whitish fibrils, margin striatulate: lamellae not uncinate, subfree, broad, subventricose, sordid-white: stipe thin, equal or slightly attenuate upward, glabrous, pallid, hollow, villose at the base, 8-10 cm. long. TYPE Locality: Sandlake, New York. Hasitat: Among sphagnum in a cranberry marsh. DISTRIBUTION: New York and New Jersey. InLustrations: Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 23: pl. 5, f. 6-11. ; 50. Prunulus cymbaliferus (Mont.) Murrill. Agaricus (Mycena) cymbaliferus Mont. or eect 110. 1856. Mycena cymbalifera Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 273. 1887. Pileus membranous, convex to expanded, amply umbonate, 1.5-2.5 cm. broad; surface white to gray, becoming brown when dry, margin undulate, expanded, striatulate: lamellae once inserted, scarcely attached, white, linear, the ends attenuate: stipe very long, fragile, fibrillose, hollow, the base decurrent, fusiform, radicate, 15 cm. long, 2 mm. thick. TYPE Locality: Columbus, Ohio. Hasirat: On the ground among leaves. DistRrBuTion: Known only from the type locality. 51. Prunulus murinus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus conic, not fully expanding, thin, scattered, 1.5-2 cm. broad; surface dry, glabrous, radiate-striate, murinous, slightly paler on the margin: lamellae adnate, of medium distance, narrow, whitish or grayish to pale-umbrinous, the edges entire, concolorous: spores broadly 332 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 9 ellipsoid or ovoid, smooth, hyaline, copious, 8-9 X 6 u: stipe slender, equal, smooth, glabrous, polished, hollow, subconcolorous, blackish and tomentose at the base, 3-5 cm. long, 1-2 mm. thick. Type collected in leaf-mold under spruce trees at Lake Placid, Adirondack Mountains, New York, October 3-14, 1912, W. A. & Edna L. Murrill 801 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DisrriutTion: Adironack Mountains, New York. 52. Prunulus denticulatus (Bolt.) S. F. Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 1: 630. 1821. Agaricus denticulatus Bolt. Hist. Fung. 1: 4. 1788. Agaricus pelianthinus Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 112. 1821. Mycena denticulata Quél. Fl. Myc. 223. 1888. Pileus subfleshy, convex-expanded, obtuse, 2.5-6 cm. broad; surface moist, hygrophanous, livid-purple, margin striate: lamellae elegantly reticulate-connected, emarginate-adnexed, blackish-violet, black and dentate on the edges: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 5-7 K 34 u: eystidia containing violet-colored sap: stipe firm, equal, fibrillate-striate at the apex, paler than the pileus, 6-8 cm. long, 3-5 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Halifax, England. Hasirat: On the ground in woods. DISTRIBUTION: Northern New York; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bolt. Hist. Fung. 1: pl. 4; Boud. Ic. Myc. 1: pl. 67. 53. Prunulus purus (Pers.) Murrill. Agaricus purus Pers. Tent. Disp. Fung. 21. 1797. Mycena pura Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 68. 1872. Pileus fleshy, thin, campanulate or convex to expanded, obtusely umbonate when young, 2-5 cm. broad; surface smooth, glabrous, of uniform color, varying from rose to rose-purple, violet, or lilac, margin striate, upturned with age: lamellae rather broad, adnate to sinuate, sometimes wavy and crenate on the edges, venose-connected, varying from white to shades of rose or violet, sometimes white on the edges: spores oblong, hyaline, 7~9 & 3-3.5 mw; cystidia subcylindric, 30-40 * 13-15 yw: stipe firm, smooth, subglabrous, concolorous, hollow, somewhat villose at the base, 5~8 em. long, 2-4 mui. thick, ‘TYPE LOCALITY: Europe. Hasirat: On the ground in woods. DistRIBuTION: Throughout temperate North America and at Jalapa, Mexico; also in Europe. InLustrations: Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 507; Hussey, Ill. Brit. Myc. 2: pl. 49; Mycologia 7: pl. 158, f. 3; Sow. Engl. Fungi pl. 72. 54. Prunulus adirondackensis Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex, not fully expanding, umbonate, especially when young, 2-3 cm. broad; surface dry, glabrous, striate-sulcate, white with a pale-avellaneous tint, margin very thin, white, splitting with age: lamellae adnate with a decurrent tooth, rather narrow, crowded, white: spores broadly ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 7-8.5 X 6-7 u: stipe cylindric, equal, hollow, slightly darker than the pileus, especially below, smooth, glabrous, polished, whitish-mycelioid and often long-radicate below, 4-10 cm. long, 2-3 mm. thick. Type collected on a dead maple log at Lake Placid, Adirondack Mountains, New York i 17-29, 1912, W. A. & Edna L. Murvill § (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). Gee eee Hasitat: On dead deciduous and coniferous logs in woods. DISTRIBUTION: Adirondack Mountains, New York. 55. Prunulus niveipes Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus conic to campanulate, not fully expanding, neither umbonate nor depressed, gregarious, 2 cm. broad; surface moist, glabrous, striate, white with an avellaneous tint, margin white, entire: lamellae adnate, of medium breadth and distance, white: spores ovoid, smooth, hyaline, 7-9 X 5-6 py: stipe cylindric, equal, smooth, glabrous, hollow, snow-white throughout, slightly whitish-tomentose at the base, 4 cm. long, 2.5 mm. thick. Type collected among delicate mosses on a wet maple log at Lake Placid Adi ondack Moun- tains, New Vork, July 17-29, 1912, W. A. & Edna L. Murrill 178 (herb. N. Vv. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. ParT 5, 1916] AGARICACEAE 333 56. Prunulus ochraceicinereus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus thin, broadly convex, not umbonate, gregarious, 2 cm. broad; surface smooth, glabrous, shining, pale-ochraceous-cinereous, margin whitish, slightly striate: lamellae adnate with a decurrent tooth, very few inserted, broad near the margin, subdistant, pallid: spores oblong-ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, about 7 X 4-5 u: stipe cylindric, equal, smooth, glabrous, concolorous, nearly white at the apex, pruinose at the base, 3-4 cm. long, 2 mm. thick. Type collected on decayed wood at Edgewater, New Jersey, September 20, 1902, F. S. Earle W.A. Murrill 1419 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 57. Prunulus pectinatus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus thin, conic to convex, not umbonate, becoming slightly umbilicate with age, cespi- tose, 2-3 cm. broad; surface dry, glabrous, striate, pallid, bay on the disk, margin very thin, white, splitting with age, the lamellae projecting and giving a scalloped effect: lamellae narrow, distant, interveined, adnate or adnexed, white: spores broadly ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 8-9 X 7 w: stipe very slender, equal, smooth, glabrous, concolorous or slightly darker, especially below, 4 cm. long, 1 mm. thick. Type collected on fallen, dead, deciduous twigs at Lake Placid, Adirondack Mountains, New York, July 17-29, 1912, W. A. & Edna L. Murrill 202 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 58. Prunulus ligniarius (Peck) Murrill. Collybia ligniaria Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 54: 145. 1901. Pileus thin, convex to subplane, obtuse or umbonate, 1.5-2.5 cm. broad; surface whitish or isabelline, glabrous, the disk brownish, margin thin, substriate: lamellae broadly sinuate, subdistant, thin, rather narrow, ventricose, white: spores subellipsoid or subglobose, 7.5-8.7 X 6-7.5 uw: stipe glabrous, whitish or pallid, very rigid, equal, hollow, 2.5-5 cm. long, 2 mm. thick. TYPE Locanity: North Elba, New York. Hasirat: On dead deciduous wood. DISTRIBUTION: New York and Massachusetts. 59, Prunulus Leaianus (Berk.) Murrill. Agaricus (Mycena) Leaianus Berk. Lond. Jour. Bot. 4: 300. 1845. Collybia Leaiana Fairman, Proc. Rochester Acad. Sci. 2: 155. 1892. Piles thin, convex, umbilicate, cespitose, 1-2 cm. or more broad; surface luteous to miniatous, minutely red-virgate, margin striate: lamellae sinuate-adnexed, distant, ventricose, orange, scarlet on the edges: spores oblong-ellipsoid, smooth, 7-9 X 4-5 y: stipe long, viscid, strigose-tomentose below, orange, 6 cm. long, 2 mm. thick. TYPE LocaLity: Cincinnati, Ohio. Hasrrat: On dead logs. Distripution: Maine to North Carolina and west to Michigan and Ohio. ILLUSTRATION: Bull. Conn. Geol. Hist. Surv. 15: gl. 11. Exsiccati: Shear, N. Y. Fungi &. 60. Prunulus purpureofuscus (Peck) Murrill. Agaricus (Mycena) purpureofuscus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 38: 85. 1885. Mycena purpureofusca Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 255. 1887. Pileus membranous, campanulate or convex, obtuse, 1-2.5 em. broad; surface glabrous, purplish-brown to lilac-brown, margin striate: lamellae ascending, adnate, subdistant, lance- olate, white, purplish-brown on the edges: spores subglobose, 6-7.5 X 6: stipe slender, glabrous, concolorous or paler, hollow, white-pilose at the base, 2.5-7.5 em. long, 2 mm. thick. TYPE LocaLity: Caroga, New Vork. Hagirat: Dead trunks of coniferous trees in woods. DIstRrBUTION: Mountains of New York and Virginia. 334 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 9 61. Prunulus rugosoides (Peck) Murrill. Mycena rugosoides Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 67: 22. 1903. Pileus fleshy but thin, campanulate, usually broadly umbonate, gregarious, 12-24 mm. broad; surface glabrous, hygropbanous, white, cinereous, or blackish-brown, paler when dry, margin striate and even when moist, uneven with irregular radiating rugae when dry: lamellae adnexed, rounded behind, subdistant, whitish or smoky-white: spores ellipsoid, 7.5 X 5p: stipe long, radicate, even, glabrous, white or pallid, often tinged with reddish-brown below, hollow, the base villose-tomentose, 4-8 cm. long, 1-3 mm. thick. TyPE LocaLity: North Elba, New York. Hasitat: On mossy, rotten, coniferous logs. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. InLustRaTIons: Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 67: pl. M, f. 17-34. 62. Prunulus rutilantiformis Murrill. Mycena denticulata Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 32:77. 1905. Not Prunulus denticulatus S. F. Gray, 1821. Pileus thin, subcampanulate or convex, obtuse, 12-20 mm. broad; surface glabrous, the cuticle separable, gray tinged with brown: lamellae decurrent with a tooth, subdistant, rather broad, denticulate, pale-brown, purplish on the edges: spores ellipsoid, 7-8 X 4-5 u: stipe slender, straight, equal, glabrous, whitish or yellowish, hollow, 5-7 cm. long, 1-2 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: St. Louis, Missouri. DIsTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. Bi 63. Prunulus tenuiculus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus broadly campanulate, not umbonate, very thin, gregarious to subcespitose, 1-2 cm. broad; surface subglabrous, not shining, gray, slightly rosy-isabelline on the disk, margin concolorous, entire, deeply striate: lamellae adnate, distant, arcuate, pale-whitish: spores broadly ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 7-8 X 5-6 u: stipe slender, equal, glabrous, pale-fuscous, whitish and pruinose at the apex, 3-4 cm. long, 1 mm. thick. ‘Type collected on a fallen, dead, deciduous branch at Redding, Connecticut, July 24, 1902, L. M. Underwood & F. S. Earle 692 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 64. Prunulus subtenuipes Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus thin, convex to subexpanded, slightly umbonate, cespitose, 1.5-2 cm. broad; surface dry, glabrous, striate, fuliginous when young, avellaneous at maturity, the umbo remaining fuliginous, margin entire, pallid: lamellae adnate, rather broad, distant, grayish- white: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 7-8 X 4-5 yw: stipe very slender, cylindric, equal, concolorous, smooth, glabrous, whitish-mycelioid at the base, 4 cm. long, 1-2 mm. thick. ; Type collected on dead coniferous wood on the north shore of Sebec Lake, Piscataquis County, Maine, September 16, 17, 1905, W. A. Murrill 2600 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 65. Prunulus atridiscus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus broadly convex, solitary, 2 cm. broad; surface dry, cinereous, darker on the disk, the pellicle of compacted fibrils which split radially; margin whitish, eroded with age: lamellae broadly sinuate, rather distant, narrow behind, broad and ventricose in front, whitish: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 6-7 X 4-5 yu: stipe cylindric, smooth, glabrous, concolorous, hollow, white and pruinose at the apex, 5-6 cm. long, 1-2 mm. thick. Type collected on decayed wood at Edgewater, Ne t & W.A. Murrill 1418 (herb. N. ¥. Bot. Gard). Ug ee ae erga ecco rane DistRiBuTION: Known only from the type locality. 66. Prunulus semivestipes (Peck) Murrill. Omphalia semivestipes Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 22: 200. 1895. Pileus very thin, convex or subcampanulate, 1.5~2.5 cm. broad ; surface glabrous, grayish- brown when dry, paler when fresh: lamellae arcuate, adnate or slightly decurrent, distant, Par? 5, 1916] AGARICACEAE 335 rather broad, white or whitish: spores ellipsoid, 5-6 X 3-4 u: stipe white or whitish, hollow, glabrous above, clothed with white mycelioid tomentum at the base, 2.5 cm. long, 2-4 mm. thick. TYPE Locality: Newfoundland. Hapirat: On much decayed wood. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 67. Prunulus epipterygius (Scop.) Murrill. Agaricus epipterygius Scop. Fl. Carn. ed. 2. 2: 455. 1772. Mycena epipterygia Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 73. 1872. Pileus membranous, campanulate to expanded, subobtuse, solitary or cespitose, 1-3 cm. broad; surface variable, cinereous or rufescent, the pellicle viscid, margin striate: lamellae adnate with a decurrent tooth, thin, versicolored, whitish, cinereous, bluish-gray, etc.: spores ellipsoid, 8-10 X 4-5 w: stipe elongate, tough, radicate, viscid, glabrous, fibrillose at the base, yellowish or cinereous, fistulose, 5-11 cm. long, 2-3 mm. thick. Type LocaLity: Carniola, Austria. HasitatT: On moss on logs. DISTRIBUTION: Eastern temperate North America; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Atk. Stud. Am. Fungi f. 96; Cooke, Brit. Fungi pl. 208 (245) A; Sow. Engl. Fungi pl. 92. 68. Prunulus fuliginosus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus rather firm, conic to campanulate, umbonate, densely cespitose, 2-3 cm. broad; sutface smooth, glabrous, moist, hygrophanous, blackish when young, becoming fuliginous and at length paler with age, the disk remaining fuliginous, striate on the margin: lamellae adnexed, rather broad, subcrowded, grayish-white: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 6—7 X 3.5-4.5 uw: stipe cylindric, smooth, glabrous, paler than the pileus, hollow, whitish-mycelioid at the base, about 6 cm. long, 2-4 mm. thick. Type collected on a decayed balsam stump at Stockbridge, Massachusetts, September 3, 4, 1911, W. A. Murrill & W. Gilman Thompson (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DIistRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 69. Prunulus collybiiformis Murrill, Sp. Nov. Pileus thin, rather tough, convex to expanded and at length umbilicate or depressed, cespitose, 2-4 em. broad; surface dry, glabrous, cinereous, darker and rugose on the disk; margin entire, pallid, becoming slightly striate with age or on drying: lamellae adnate, plane, white, distant, rather narrow, interveined: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 6-7 X 4-5 yp: stipe cylindric, somewhat enlarged at the base, hollow, smooth, pallid, subglabrous, whitish- mycelioid at the base, 3-5 cm. long, 2-5 mm. thick. Type collected on an oak stump at Port Jefferson, Long Island, New York, August 5, 1902, C. H. Peck & F. S. Earle 839 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DistRiBuTION: Long Island, New York; Louisiana. 70. Prunulus atroumbonatus (Peck) Murrill. Mycena atroumbonata Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 157: 29. 1912. Pileus submembranous, convex, becoming broadly convex or nearly plane, umbonate, gregarious, 1.2-3.2 cm. broad; surface glabrous, dark-watery-brown and shining when moist, grayish-brown with a black umbo when dry, striate-plicate from the margin half way to the umbo: lamellae thin, moderately crowded, widely sinuate at the inner extremity, decurrent with a tooth, white when young, whitish or livid-white when mature: spores oblong or ellip- soid, granular within, often 2-nucleate, 6-9 X 5-6: stipe slender, rather long, glabrous, hollow, radicate, colored like the pileus, with a white villosity at the base, 5-8 cm. long, 1-2 mm. thick. Type Locality: North River, New York. Hasitat: On decaying coniferous trunks, especially of hemlock. DistRIBuTION: Maine and New York. 336 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 9 71. Prunulus galericulatus (Scop.) Murrill. Agaricus galericulatus Scop. Fl. Carn. ed. 2. 2: 455. 1772. Mycena galericulata Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 70. 1872. Pileus submembranous, conic-campanulate to expanded, cespitose, 2-6 cm. broad; surface pale-grayish to grayish-brown, dry, glabrous} margin striate to the umbo; lamellae inter- veined, adnate with a decurrent tooth, white or flesh-colored: spores sphaeroid, hyaline, 8-10 X 4-6 uw: stipe rigid, smooth, polished, glabrous, tomentose at the base, white, yellowish, or brownish, the base fusiform, radicate, 5-10 cm. long. TYPE Locality: Carniola, Austria. Hapirat: On logs. DistRIBUTION: Greenland to North Carolina and west to Iowa and Kansas. ILLusTRATIONS: Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 518, f. d; Cooke, Brit. Fungi pl. 222 (227), pl. 223 (228) A; Schaeff. Fung. Bavar. pl. 52. 72. Prunulus leucophaeus Murrill, sp. riov. Pileus conic to campanulate, not expanding, not umbonate, becoming umbilicate on the disk on drying, gregarious, 5-8 mm. broad; surface slightly viscid when moist, glabrous, snow- white, striate to the disk, margin entire, concolorous: lamellae adnate with a decurrent tooth, subcrowded, rather narrow, snow-white: stipe filiform, smooth, glabrous, slightly viscid when moist, finely pruinose at the apex, snow-white, 3 cm. long, less than 1 mm. thick. Type collected among dead needles and sticks in a coniferous forest at Seattle, Washington, October 20-November 1, 1911, W. A. Murrill 384 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 73. Prunulus paludicola Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus thin and delicate, conic to campanulate, gregarious, reaching 1 cm. broad; surface glabrous, striate, white with a pale-avellaneous tint, slightly viscid when moist, margin white, appressed when young: lamellae adnate, distant, narrow, white: spores ellipsoid, slightly pointed at one end, smooth, hyaline, 9-11 X 5-64: stipe very long and slender, smooth, glabrous, slightly viscid when moist, white at the apex, citrinous at the base, 6-10 em. long, 1 mm. thick. Type collected in a peat bog near Seattle, Washington, October 20~Noverber 1, 1911, W. A. Murrill 370 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). : DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 74. Prunulus flavicitrinus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus conic, not expanding, solitary, 8 mm. broad and high; surface smooth, glabrous, striate, flavous, with a luteous tint on the disk, margin entire, concolorous, appressed when young: lamellae rather broad, subcrowded, citrinous: spores oblong-ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 12-14 X 5-64: stipe filiform, tough, subglabrous, citrinous at the apex, umbrinous at the base, 3 cm. long, 1 mm. thick. Type collected on dead wood.in woods near Seattle, Washin ton, October 20-N ber I, 1911, W. A. Murrill 377 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). i not ene DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 75. Prunulus aurantiidiscus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus conic to campanulate, not expanding, umbonate, gregarious, 7 mm. broad; surface moist, glabrous, citrinous, striate to the rounded umbo, margin entire, concolorous: lamellae adnate or adnexed, subdistant, narrow, whitish, hyaline: stipe filiform, smooth, moist, glabrous, whitish, hyaline, becoming yellowish on drying, 2-3 cm. long, less than 1 mm. thick. Type collected on the ground among mosses and humus in a conif. f t Mill Cit Oregon, November 9, 1911, W. A. Murrill 825 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard). eee ° a DistRIBuTION: Known only from the type locality. 76. Prunulus aurantiacus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus conic to campanulate, not expanding, umbonate, scattered, 8 mm. broad; surface smooth, moist, glabrous, orange, not changing color on drying, margin entire, concolorous, Parr 5, 1916] AGARICACEAE 337 striate: lamellae adnexed, subdistant, rather narrow, white: stipe equal, smooth, glabrous, polished, orange, changing to luteous on drying, hollow, 1.5 em. long, 2 mm. thick. Type collected on the ground among decaying needles in a virgin coniferous forest at Mill City, Oregon, November 9, 1911, W. A. Murrill 862 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DiIstRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 77. Prunulus strobilinoides (Peck) Murrill. Mycena strobilinoides Peck, Ann. Rep. N. VY. State Mus. 45: 23. 1893. Pileus thin, subcampanulate, obtuse, 8-10 mm. broad; surface glabrous, bright-scarlet: lamellae white, reddish on the edges: stipe short, glabrous, paler than the pileus, brown-villous at the base, 2.5 cm. long. TYPE LocaLity: Olympia Mountain, Washington. Hagzirat: Under Abies subalpina. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 78. Prunulus fusipes Murrill, sp. nov. Piletis conic to convex, becoming nearly expanded, solitary or gregarious, about 1 cm. broad; surface moist, glabrous, striate, miniatous or incarnate, the margin paler, entire, appressed when young: lamellae nearly free, crowded, inserted, ventricose, white with a yellowish tint: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 7-8 X 4-5 uw: stipe unusually large at the center and tapering at both ends, smooth, glabrous, translucent, pale-yellow, 6 cm. long, 2-3 mm. thick. Type collected on the ground, probably on dead wood, in woods near Seattle, Washington, October 20-November 1, 1911, W. A. Murrill 468 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 79. Prunulus elegantulus (Peck) Murrill. Mycena elegantula Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 22: 199. 1895. Pileus membranous, conic or campanulate, gregarious or cespitose, 1-3 cm. broad; surface brown or purplish-brown, margin sulcate-striate: lamellae interveined, adnate with a decurrent tooth, distant, whitish or pallid, the edges purplish-brown: spores oblong-ellipsoid, 8-12 X 3.5-5 yw: stipe slender, glabrous or gray-fibrillose at the base, hollow, 2.5-5 cm. long, ‘L mm. thick. TypH LocaLity: Pasadena, California. Hazrrat: Among fallen leaves and rarely on dead wood. DistrRisvuTion: Washington, Oregon, and California. 80. Prunulus caesiialbus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus thin, conic to campanulate, gregarious, 1.5 cm. broad; surface dry, smooth, glabrous, caesious with an aerugineous tint, faded and much wrinkled on drying: lamellae adnate to the enlarged apex of the stipe, narrow, subcrowded, arcuate, white: spores subglobose, slightly roughened, densely granular, 7-8 « long: stipe long and slender, pruinose to glabrous, white or avellaneous at the apex, tomentose and aerugineous at the base, 6 cm. long, 1-2 mm. thick. Type collected among dead leaves in Preston’s Ravine, near Palo Alto, California, November 25,1911, W. A. Murrill & L. R. Abrams 1208 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 81. Prunulus occidentalis Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex, not fully expanding, not umbonate, sometimes slightly umbilicate with age, or at least on drying, densely cespitose, abundant, reaching 2 cm. broad; surface smooth, dry or moist, glabrous, fumosous-avellaneous, darker when young, margin entire, concolorous, striate: lamellae adnate to the enlarged apex of the stipe, rather distant, inserted, narrow behind, white to gray, fumosous-avellaneous on drying: spores ellipsoid, slightly pointed at one end, smooth, hyaline, 7-8 X 4-5 yu: stipe equal or slightly tapering upward, polished, smooth, glabrous, hollow, whitish-mycelioid at the base, 3-6 cm. long, 2-4 mm. thick. Type collected on a dead coniferous log at Mill City, Oregon, November 9, 1911, W. A. Murrill 879 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). Hasirat: Dead coniferous logs. DistrRiBuTION: Washington, Oregon, and California. NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 9 82. Prunulus plumbeibrunneus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex, gregarious, 1.5-2 cm. broad; surface smooth, glabrous, opaque, pale- lead-brown, lighter near the margin, which is somewhat crenate and appressed when young: context cream-colored, without characteristic taste or odor; lamellae sinuate, rather distant, inserted, broad, ventricose, cream-colored: spores oblong-ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 7-9 X 4-5 uw: stipe cylindric, smooth, glabrous, concolorous with the margin of the pileus, hollow, 4-6 cm. long, 1-2 mm. thick. Type collected among decaying pine needles at Stanford University, California, December 6, 1901, C. F. Baker 168 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). ; DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 83. Prunulus myceliosus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus rather large and firm, convex to plane, gregarious to subcespitose, reaching 2.5 em. broad; surface dull-brownish varying to whitish, moist, glabrous, striate, margin white, entire, appressed when young: lamellae adnate or adnexed, narrow, crowded, white: spores ellipsoid, pointed, smooth, hyaline, 5 X 34: stipe very long and slender, cylindric, equal, smooth, glabrous, light-brown, mycelioid at the base and arising from copious white mycelium, about 10 cm. long, 1-2 mm. thick. Type collected in humus on the ground in a virgin forest near Seattle, Washington, October 20- November 1, 1911, W. A. Murrill 223 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 84. Prunulus Abramsii Murrill, sp. nov. ileus rather large and firm, conic to convex, not expanding, scattered, 1~-1.5 cm. broad; surface glabrous, moist, radiately striate, avellaneous, blackish-brown on the disk, margin pallid, somewhat creamy, appressed when young: context white, without characteristic odor or taste: lamellae adnate-sinuate, subdistant, about 15 in number, with short ones inserted, whitish: spores oblong-ellipsoid, slightly curved, smooth, hyaline, 11-12.5 X 5 uw: stipe cylindric or enlarged at the base, smooth, glabrous, steel-gray, often whitish at the apex, 6-8 cm. long, 1-2 mm. thick. Type collected on the ground under oaks at Stanford University, California, November 27, 1902, L. R. Abrams & James McMurphy 69 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 85. Prunulus longipes Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex, umbonate, rather tough, solitary, 2.5 cm. broad; surface smooth, dry, glabrous, very pale avellaneous, isabelline on the umbo, margin entire, pallid, finely striate: lamellae deeply sinuate with a decurrent tooth, subcrowded, arcuate, white: spores broadly ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, granular, 8-10 X 6-7 uw: stipe smooth, glabrous, polished, equal, hollow, snow-white above, very pale avellaneous below, 15 cm. long, 2-3 mm. thick. Type collected in leaf-mold under redwoods in Muir Woods, California, November 22, 1911, W.A. Murrill 1132 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 86. Prunulus magnus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus very large for the genus, broadly convex, not fully expanding, gregarious to sub- cespitose, reaching 5 cm. broad; surface dry, glabrous, striate, avellaneous, slightly darker on the disk when dry: lamellae adnate, broad, rather distant, whitish: spores subglobose, smooth, hyaline, 6-7.5 u: stipe compressed, equal, smooth, glabrous, avellaneous, 5-8 em. long, 2-4 mm. thick. Type collected on the ground in woods near Seattle, Washington, October 20-N ber 1, 1911, W. A. Murrill 463 (herb. N. ¥. Bot. Gard.). pee eer Distrisution: Washington and Oregon. 87. Prunulus Grantii Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus broad, convex to plane and at length depressed, not papillate, cespitose, 3-3.5 cm. broad; surface smooth, dry, glabrous, pale-avellaneous: context thin, white, the taste mild; Part 5, 1916] AGARICACEAE 339 lamellae adnate, rather crowded, of medium breadth, thin and delicate, pure-white: spores subglobose to ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 6-7 X 5-6 u: stipe equal, dry, smooth, glabrous, concolorous, hollow, with a thin rind, 6-8 cm. long, about 5 mm. thick. Type collected on the ground among leaves and bits of dead wood at Sequim, Washington, J. M. Grant 332 (herb. N. Y. State Mus.). DistRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 88. Prunulus Myrciae (Pat.) Murrill. Androsaceus Myrciae Pat. Bull. Soc. Myc. Fr. 15: 192. 1899. Pileus very minute, orbicular, convex-campanulate, obtuse, cespitose, 1-2 mm. broad; surface white, changing to lemon-yellow on drying and becoming tinged with russet on the disk, smooth or slightly striate, pellucid, fleshy, covered with a pellicle formed of rounded, hyaline, verrucose cells reaching 8-12 » in diameter: lamellae white, few, quite thick, adnate to slightly decurrent, inserted, not connected by veins: spores ovoid, smooth, hyaline, 5 X 3 u: stipe white, cylindric, delicate, almost filiform, equal or scarcely enlarged below, 4-6 mm. long, pubescent over its entire surface with cylindric, unicellular hairs which are scattered or in tufts. TYPE LOCALITY: Guadeloupe. Hasrrat: On dying leaves of Myrcia. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 89. Prunulus alphitophorus (Berk.) Murrill. Agaricus (Mycena) alphitophorus Berk. Jour. Linn. Soc. 15: 48. 1877. Mycena alphitophora Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 290. 1887. Pileus conic-campanulate, 2 mm. broad; surface white, farinaceous: lamellae narrow, ascending, white: stipe filiform, white, 12-25 mm. long. Type Locality: Bermuda. Hasitrat: On small twigs in marshes. DIstRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 90. Prunulus subpulverulentus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus minute, delicate, conic to campanulate, gregarious to subcespitose, 4 mm. broad; surface striate, pulverulent, snow-white with a creamy tint, margin entire, appressed when young: lamellae adnate, subcrowded, white: stipe filiform, equal, smooth, subglabrous, white, mycelioid at the base, 1-1.5 cm. long, less than 1 mm. thick. Type collected on decayed sticks in a moist virgin forest along the Tepeite River, near Cuer- navaca, Mexico, 2100 m. elevation, December 28, 1909, W. A. & Edna L. Murrill 473 (herb. N. ¥- Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 91. Prunulus trojanus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus broadly convex, slightly umbonate, becoming depressed at the center, cespitose, *1.5-2 em. broad; surface smooth, dry, glabrous, white or whitish, becoming striate over the lamellae on drying, margin entire, concolorous, appressed when young: lamellae adnate, slightly decurrent at times, inserted, rather distant, broad, white: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 5—7 u: stipe equal, smooth, glabrous, white, 3 cm. long, 2 mm. thick. Type collected on decayed wood in Troy and Tyre, Cockpit Country, Jamaica, 600 m. elevation, January 12-14, 1909, W. A. Murrill & W. Harris 866 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 92. Prunulus roridulus (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Agaricus (Mycena) roridulus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 285, 1868. Mycena roridula Sacc. Syll, Fung. 5: 297. 1887. Pileus thin, convex to plane, 6 mm. broad; surface white, fuscous on the umbo, viscid: lamellae adnate, broad, puberulent, white, the interstices subtrabeculate: stipe equal, glabrous, subfuscous, hollow, 2.5 em. long, 1 mm. thick. TYPE Locality: Cuba. Hasirat: On rotten wood. . DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 340 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 93. Prunulus margarita Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus broadly convex with a small umbo, solitary, 1 cm. broad; surface glabrous, distantly and regularly striate, ashy-white, almost pearly, slightly depressed about the pale-avellaneous umbo, margin very thin, entire, concolorous: lamellae adnate to a collar, subdistant, rather broad, white with a pearly tint: stipe cylindric, equal, curved, smooth, glabrous, pearly, avellaneous at the base, 1.5 cm. long, 1 mm. thick. Type collected on decayed wood under tree ferns at Morce’s Gap, Jamaica, 1500 m. elevation, December 29, 30, January 2, 1908-9, W. A. & Edna L. Murrill 731 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 94. Prunulus viridigriseus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus broadly convex, minutely papillate, often becoming slightly umbilicate, at least on drying, gregarious, 1.5-2 cm. broad; surface dry, innately pubescent-fibrillose, greenish- gray, almost glaucous, margin fimbriate, concolorous, slightly striate: lamellae adnexed, very broad, subcrowded, greenish-gray: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 5-6 u: stipe cylindric, equal, short, smooth, glabrous, stramineous, attached by a broad, circular mat of mycelium, 2 cm. long, 1-2 mm. thick. Type collected on a dead log at Troy and Tyre, Cockpit Country, Jamaica, January 12-14, . 1909, W. A. Murrill & W. Harris 948 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DistRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 95. Prunulus cinereiavellaneus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus small, delicate, conic, solitary, 6 mm. broad, 5 mm. high; surface smooth, glabrous, striate, pale-avellaneous, ashy-white on the umbo: lamellae adnexed, subcrowded, rather narrow, dull-white: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, granular, 5-6 u: stipe cylindric, equal, whitish-pulverulent at the apex, very pale avellaneous or dull-whitish below, 2 cm. long, 1 mm, thick. Type collected in soil rich in humus on a bank at Monkey Hill, near Cinchona, Jamaica, 1700 m. elevation, January 4, 1909, W. A. & Edna L. Murvrill 775 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DIstRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 96. Prunulus fumosiavellaneus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus minute, delicate, conic to campanulate, gregarious, 4 mm. broad, 5 mm. high; surface glabrous, striate, avellaneous with a fumosous tint, margin entire, pallid, appressed when young: lamellae adnate, distant, broad, white: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 5-7.5 py: stipe very slender, equal, smooth, whitish-pulverulent, about 2 cm. long. Type collected on dead wood at Chester Vale, Jamaica, 900-1200 m. elevation, December 21- 24, 1908, W. A. & Edna L. Murrill 310 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 97. Prunulus avellaneigriseus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus hemispheric, not expanding, cespitose, 7 mm. broad and 5 mm. high; surface smooth, grayish-pulverulent, avellaneous, margin entire, concolorous, appressed when young: lamellae aduate, very distant, rather narrow, arcuate, white: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 4-6 pu: stipe cylindric, equal, smooth, glabrous, milk-white, 2 cm. long, 2 mm. thick. _ ‘Type collected on dead wood on a shaded bank at Chester Vale, Jamaica, 900-1200 m. eleva- tion, December 21-24, 1908, W. A. & Edna L. Murrill 291 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DIstrisvrion: Known only from the type locality. 98. Prunulus gracillipes Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus hemispheric, rather thin, gregarious, 8 mm. broad, 5 mm. high: surface glabrous, striate, fulvous when wet, nearly avellaneous when dry, margin entire, concolorous: lamellae adnate with a slight decurrent tooth, very distant, narrow, white: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 7-8 X 3-4 u: stipe very long and slender, cylindric, equal, smooth, glabrous, later- iceous, becoming paler on drying, more or less mycelioid at the base, 5-7 cm. long, 0.5 mm. thick. ‘Type collected on a dead log at Cinchona, Jamaica, about 1500 m. elevati D ber 25- January 8, 1908-9, W. A. & Edna L. Murrill 606 (herb. N. Y¥. Bot. Gard). ieee ae Hasrrat: On dead logs and in leaf-mold. DISTRIBUTION: Vicinity of Cinchona, Jamaica. Parr 5, 1916] AGARICACKAE 341 99. Prunulus argillaceus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus small, delicate, conic to campanulate, reaching 1 cm. broad; surface striate, glabrous, avellaneous, margin entire, concolorous, appressed when young: lamellae adnate, broad, sub- crowded, white: spores globose or subglobose, smooth, hyaline, 4-6 u: stipe slender, equal, smooth, glabrous, hollow, white, 1.5 cm. long, 1 mm. thick. Type collected on a wet, much-decayed log in a moist virgin forest on a mountain side at Motzorongo, near Cordoba, Mexico, about 300 m. elevation, January 15, 1910, W. A. & Edna L. Murrill 1053 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 100. Prunulus pubescens Murrill, sp. nov. Piles convex, gregarious, 8-12 mm. broad; surface smooth, dry, minutely downy, dark- brown, margin entire, not striate, concolorous; lamellae adnate, inserted, narrow, pure-white: stipe cylindric, equal, tough, white and distinctly pubescent, especially above, brownish at the base, 3 cm. long, 1 mm. thick. Type collected on decayed wood at Moore Town, Jamaica, November 22, 1902, F. S. Earle 563 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.) DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 101. Prunulus cinchonensis Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus conic to campanulate, gregarious, reaching 1.5 cm. broad and 1 cm. high; surface dry, glabrous, striate, pale-isabelline or avellaneous, usually avellaneous on the disk, margin entire, pale-isabelline, appressed when young: lamellae adnate, slightly decurrent at times, crowded, rather narrow, white: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 4-5 uw: stipe cylindric, equal, smooth, glabrous, slightly pulverulent at the apex, whitish, avellaneous at the base when the pileus is avellaneous, 3-4 cm. long, about 1 mm. thick. Type collected on dead sticks at Cinchona, Jamaica, about 1500 m. elevation, December 25- January 8, 1908-9, W. A. & Edna L. Murrill 550 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DIsTRIBUTION: Known only.from the type locality. 102. Prunulus carbonicola Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus broadly convex, scattered, reaching 2 cm. broad; surface glabrous, hygrophanous, faintly striate to the disk, ochraceous-brown, darker and slightly floccose when young, margin entire, concolorous: lamellae adnate, subventricose, subconcolorous, crowded: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 7-8 X 5-6 u: stipe cylindric, subequal, glabrous, shining, white, hollow, 3-4 cm. long, 2 mm. thick. ‘Type collected on burned sticks in Cooper’s Ranch, at the base of El Yunque Mountain, Baracoa, Cuba, March, 1903, L. M. Underwood & F. S. Earle 423 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 103. Prunulus syringeus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus minute, hemispheric, solitary, 5 mm. broad, 3 mm. high; surface lilac-colored, fulvous on the disk, subgranulose in appearance, margin entire, concolorous: lamellae distant, inserted, rather broad, adnate, violet-colored: spores globose or subglobose, smooth, hyaline, about 4: stipe cylindric, equal, glabrous, melleous, lilac-colored at the apex, 2 cm. long, less than 1 mm. thick. Type collected in humus in woods in Troy and Tyre, Cockpit Country, Jamaica, 600 m. eleva- tion, January 12-14, 1909, W. A. Murrill & W, Harris 1097 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DistRiBuTIon: Known only from the type locality. 104. Prunulus testaceus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus thin, broadly convex, gregarious, 8 mm. broad; surface dry, tomentose, dark- testaceous, darker on the disk: lamellae adnate, pale-testaceous, crowded, narrow, sharply dentate on the edges: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 7 X 3-44: stipe cylindric, equal, subglabrous, pale-testaceous, 1.3 cm. long, 1 mm. thick. Type collected in humus on the ground under tree ferns at Morce’s Gap, Jamaica, 1500 m. ele- vation, December 29, 30, January 2, 1908-9, W. A. & Edna L. Murrill 709 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DistrisvuTion: Known only from the type locality. 342 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VOLUME 9 105. Prunulus latericius Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus campanulate, solitary, 1 cm. broad, 8 mm. high; surface glabrous, latericeous, margin concolorous, not striate: lamellae broad, subdistant, slightly sinuate, testaceous: spores ovoid, smooth, hyaline, 6 X 3.5 u: stipe tapering downward, smooth, glabrous, latericeous, 2 cm. long, 2.5 mm. thick. Type collected in moss on the ground under tree ferns at Morce’s Gap, Jamaica, 1500 m. ele- vation, December 29, 30, January 2, 1908-9, W. A. & Edna L. Murrill 725 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 106. Prunulus corrugatus (Pat.) Murrill. Androsaceus corrugatus Pat. Bull. Soc. Myc. Fr. 16: 175. 1900. Pileus fleshy-membranous, orbicular, convex, 10-20 mm. broad; surface chestnut-red, glabrous, corrugated on the disk, margin neither striate nor plicate: lamellae unequal, adnate, very crowded, narrow, fleshy, undulate or crisped, fawn-colored: stipe coriaceous, tough, cylindric, straight or curved, glabrous, shining, reddish-black, paler at the apex, expanded at the base into a small, concolorous weft of mycelium, 2-3 cm. long, 1 mm. thick. Type Locality: Guadeloupe. Hasirat: On all kinds of rotten wood. DIstTRIBUTION: Guadeloupe. ‘ DovuBTFUL SPECIES Mycena acicula (Schaeff.) Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 73. 1872. (Agaricus acicula Schaeff. Fung. Bavar. 4: Ind. 52. 1774.) Reported from many parts of North America and also from Cuba. No correctly determined specimens were found at Albany. The Cuban speci- mens at Kew are very tiny and difficult to compare. P. amabillissimus and P. pulcherrimus are probably the nearest relatives in this country. Mycena Adonts (Bull.) Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 68. 1872. (Agaricus Adonis Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 560, f. 2; hyponym. 1793; Pers. Syn. Fung. 391. 1801.) Reported from the Carolinas by the older mycologists. Correctly determined specimens are not to be found at Albany. Mycena alcalina (Fries) Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 71. 1872. (Agaricus alcalinus Fries, Obs. Myc. 2: 153. 1818.) Reported from most of the eastern United States by American mycologists, but the plants have a different appearance and lack the strong alkaline odor found in fresh specimens collected in Sweden. P. capillaripes Peck has a weak alkaline odor but is quite distinct. See P. alcaliniformis. Mycena amicta (Fries) Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 223. 1872. (Agaricus amictus Fries, Obs. Myc. 1: 141. 1815.) Reported from North Carolina and California. Mycena californiensis (Berk. & Curt.) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 255. 1887. (Agaricus (My- cena) californiensis Berk. & Curt. Proc. Am. Acad. 4: 112. 1858.) Described from specimens collected on dead oak leaves on Mare Island, California. The types at Paris are very poorly preserved. Mycena capillaris (Schum.) P. Karst. Bidr. Finl. Nat. Folk 32: 124. 1879. Reported by Ravenel, Ellis, and others. The species is described as very minute with a hair-like stipe, Mycena ctirinella (Pers.) Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 74. 1872. (Agaricus citrinellus Pers. Ie. Descr. Fung. 44. 1800.) Reported from many parts of North America by the older mycologists and also from Dominica by Miss A. lL. Smith. Plants at Albany from New Scotland so determined by Peck seem near P. epipterygius, but are much smaller than the usual form of that species. Mycena conferruminata (Berk. & Mont.) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 8: 258. 1887. (Agaricus (Mycena) conferruminatus Berk. & Mont. Syll. Crypt. 110. 1856.) Collected on soil mixed with decayed wood near Columbus, Ohio. ‘The surface is described as purplish-yellow and the lamellae as white. Mycena debilis (Fries) Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 72. 1872. (A garicus debilis Fries, Epicr. Myc. 112. 1838.) Reported from North Elba by Peck. Mycena discreta (Fries) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 260. 1887. (Agaricus discretus Fries, Elench. Fung. 20. 1828.) Described from specimens collected on the Island of Santa Cruz by Benzon. Part 5, 1916] AGARICACEAR 343 Mycena elegans (Pers.) Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 221, 1872. (Agaricus elegans Pers. Syn. Fung. 391. 1801.) Reported from the Carolinas by the older mycologists. The lamellae are described as yellow on the edges. Schréter says cystidia are present, filled with orange- colored sap. Mycena filopes (Bull.) Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 72. 1872. (Agaricus filopes Bull. Herb. Fr. gi. 320. 1786.) Reported from many parts of the eastern United States by the older mycologists and also from Colorado by Clements. Mycena hiemalis (Osbeck) P. Karst. Bidr. Finl. Nat. Folk 32: 124, 1879. Reported from Cuba, California, and elsewhere and said by some to be the same as P. corticalis (Bull.) Mutrill. Bambeke says it is very near this species but that no cystidia are present. He describes the spores as globose or subglobose, 7-9 p. Mycena Iris (Berk.) Qué]. Champ. Jura Vosg. 223. 1872. (Agaricus (Mycena) Iris Berk. in Smith, Engl. Fl. 52: 56. 1836.) Reported from Nebraska, Minnesota, California, and elsewhere. A specimen at Albany so determined by Peck proves to be P. cyaneobasis. Mycena lactea (Pers.) Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 69. 1872. (Agaricus lacteus Pers. Syn. Fung. 394. 1801.) Reported from New England to South Carolina by the older mycologists. There is one small specimen at Albany from the Catskills so named by Peck. Persoon de- scribes the plant as entirely white, while Bulliard and Fries refer to the disk as yellowish. Mycena leptocephala (Pers.) P. Karst. Bidr. Finl. Nat. Folk 32: 109. 1879. (Agaricus leptocephalus Pers. Ic. Descr. Fung. 48. 1798.) Reported from North Carolina by Schweinitz. Mycena ltlacina (Mont.) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 257. 1887. (Agaricus (Mycena) llacinus Mont. Syll. Crypt. 110. 1856.) Collected on fallen decayed wood at Columbus, Ohio, and described as lilac with rosy-ochraceous lamellae. Mycena lineata (Bull.) Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 68. 1872. (Agaricus lineatus Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 522, f. 3; hyponym. 1790; Pers. Syn. Fung. 383. 1801.) Reported from North Carolina by Schweinitz as occurring there in grassy land. Mycena metata (Fries) Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 71. 1872. (Agaricus metatus Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 144. 1821.) Recently reported by Peck, but the specimens seen at Albany do not correspond to authentic material obtained from Bresadola. Mycena polygramma (Bull.) Quél, Champ. Jura Vosg. 70. 1872. (Agaricus polygrammus Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 395. 1788.) Reported from many parts of the eastern United States but the specimens so named do not appear to match authentic material from Europe. Mycena pseudopura (Cooke) Sace. Syll. Fung. 5: 257. 1887. (Agaricus (Mycena) pseudopurus Cooke, Grevillea 10: 147. 1882.) Reported from New York and Massachusetts. The species seems to have been confused with P. purus, both in Europe and in this country. Mycena radius (Johnston) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 9: 37. 1891. (Agaricus (Mycena) radius Johnston, Bull. Minn. Acad. 1: 218. 1877.) Described from specimens collected on the ground in Minnesota in May. , “Mycena rubromarginata (Fries) P. Karst. Bidr. Finl. Nat. Folk 32: 99. 1879. (Agaricus rubromarginatus Fries, Obs. Myc. 1:42. 1815.) Reported by Frost and by Peck. Kauffman recently collected specimens at North Elba which he describes as smaller than the type, with the edges of the lamellae fuscous-brown and scarcely reddish-tinted. The spores of his plant are 10-12 X 6-7 n, differing from those of P. purpureofuscus. Mycena rugosa (Fries) Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 69. 1872. (Agaricus rugosus Fries, Epicr. Myc. 106. 1838.) Reported from New York, Wisconsin, Kansas, and California. The species is unquestionably very near some of our plants, Mycena stylobates (Pers.) Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 75. 1872. (Agaricus stylobates Pers. Syn. Fung. 390. 1801.) Reported from many parts of North America. Schréter says the spores are cylindric-ellipsoid, 6-7 X 3. Peck describes a gray, striate, American form, which does not correspond with authentic specimens of the species from Bresadola. Mycena tintinabulum (Fries) Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 70. 1872. (Agaricus tintinabulum Fries, Epicr. Myc. 107. 1838.) Reported more than once from this country by the older mycologists. Several New York collections so determined by Peck are Prunulus curvipes. The plant figured by Fries is larger and resembles a short-stemmed specimen of P. galericulatus. Mycena vitilis (Fries) Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 72. 1872. (Agaricus vitilis Fries, Epicr. 344 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLumME 9 Myce. 113. 1838.) Reported from New Jersey by Ellis, from Minnesota by Johnston, and from New York by Kauffman. 35. OMPHALINA Quél. Ench. Fung. 42. 1886, Pileus umbilicate, the margin at first incurved, solitary or gregarious: lamellae decurrent: spores hyaline: stipe central, tubular, with cartilaginous cortex. Type species, Omphalina hydrogramma (Fries) Quél. I. SPECIES OCCURRING IN TEMPERATE NortTH AMERICA, EXCEPT THOSE CONFINED TO THE Paciric Coast Pileus white. Pileus 4-8 mm. broad; stipe 8~16 mm. long. 1. O. buccinalis. Pileus 1-3.5 cm. broad; stipe 2.5-5 cm. long. 2. O. eximia, Pileus yellowish or yellowish-brown. . Pileus convex. 3. O. umbellifera. Pileus umbilicate or depressed. Lamellae crowded, narrow. Lamellae white. Stipe 4 em. long. 4. O. subcartilaginea, Stipe 7-10 em. long. 5. O. Dawsonii. Lamellae pale-lilac. 6. O. lilacifolia. Lamellae distant, broad. Lamellae white, becoming yellowish; spores subglobose, 4-5 u long. . 7. O. strombodes. Lamellae bright-yellow; spores oblong-ellipsoid, 10-11 4-5 pn. 8. O. chrysophylla. Pileus brick-red or reddish-brown. 9. O. subhepatica. Pileus gray, brown, or fuliginous. Hymenophore occurring on soil. Pileus 6-11 mm. broad; spores 7.5-10 X 4-6 u. 10. O. rustica. Pileus 10-20 mm. broad; spores sutbglobose, 4 wu. 11. O. Volkertii. Hymenophore occurring on dead wood or in sphagnum. Pileus 6-12 mm. broad; lamellae yellow. 12. O. subclavata. Pileus 12-24 mm. broad; lamellae whitish to cinereous. 13. O. Epichysium. II. SPECIES OCCURRING ON THE Paciric Coast Pileus some shade of yellow or yelloWish-brown. Lamellae white. Lamellae crowded. 14. O. Sequoiarum. Lamellae distant. 3. O. umbellifera. Lamellae yellow. Pileus pale-luteous to almost orange. 15. O. luteicolor. Pileus yellowish-brown. 8. O. chrysophylla. Pileus brick-red or reddish-brown. 9. O. subhepatica. Pileus avellaneous or fuliginous. Pileus convex, sometimes umbonate. 16. O. hypobrunnea. Pileus umbilicate. 13. O. Epichysium. TI. SPECIES OCCURRING IN TROPICAL NorTH AMERICA Pileus white or whitish. Pileus about 1 cm. or less broad. Pileus about 5 mm. broad; stipe 6 mm. long. 17. O. niveicolor. Pileus 8-13 mm. broad; stipe 1-4 cm. long. Pileus not umbonate. : Stipe 2 cm. long; pileus 13 mm. broad. 18. O. subscyphoides. Stipe 4 cm. long; pileus 8 mm. broad. 19. O. tepeitensis. Pileus umbonate. Pileus convex, with an abrupt, small umbo. 20. O. cuspidatella. Pileus conic, with a long, pointed umbo. 21. O. acuminata. Pileus 3 cm. or more broad. : Pileus convex to umbilicate; lamellae distant, 22. O. collybiiformis. Pileus infundibuliform; lamellae crowded. 23. O. jalapensis. Pileus yellow or yellowish. Pileus infundibuliform, 1~1.5 em. broad. Sa Pera 24. O. lenta. urface flavovirens, becoming melleous. are othe 2-3 em. broad. aoe Gs forla: tipe 1 mm. thick. 5 os Pi eae mm. thick. o o alae ‘ileus umbrinous. j Pileus red of reddish. 28. O. chondripes. ileus 6 mm. broad; lamellae distant. int Pileus 12 mm. broad; lamellae crowded. 30° o ee Pileus 2.5 em. broad. « 31. O. incarnaia. Part 5, 1916] AGARICACHAE 345 Omphalina buccinalis (Batsch) Murrill. Agaricus buccinalis Batsch, Elench. Fung. Contin. 2: 85. 1789. Agaricus scyphoides Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 163. 1821. Omphalia scyphoides Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 64. 1872. Ombphalina scyphoides Quél. Ench. Fung. 42. 1886. Pileus submembranous, plane and umbilicate or infundibuliform, often irregular or some- what eccentric, gregarious, 4-8 mm. broad; surface even, silky, white: lamellae narrow, close, decurrent, white: spores ellipsoid, 6 X 4-5 u: stipe white, subvillose, short, stuffed, 8-16 mm. long. : Type Locatity: Europe. Hapirat: On the ground in mossy, grassy, or weedy places. DisTRIBUTION: New England to Alabama in the eastern United States; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATION: Fries, Ic. Myc. pl. 75, f. 2. 2. Omphalina eximia (Peck) Murrill. Omphalia eximia Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 25: 370. 1898. Pileus thin, infundibuliform or deeply umbilicate, 1-3.5 em. broad; surface glabrous, white, becoming grayish-white on drying, margin thin, spreading or deflexedy lamellae very decur- rent, subdistant, narrow, white: spores subglobose, 4-5 uw: stipe glabrous, white, slender, equal or slightly enlarged above, hollow, 2.5—5 cm. long, 2-3 mm. thick. TYPE Locauiry: Alabama. Hasirat: On decaying wood. DisTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 3. Omphalina umbellifera (L.) Quél. Ench. Fung. 44. 1886. Agaricus umbelliferus L. Sp. Pl. 1175. 1753. Omphalia luteola Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 23: 411. 1896. Omphalia sphagnophila Peck, Harriman Alaska Exp. ne ae 5:47. 1904, Ompbhalia vestita Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 34: 345. 1907 Pileus convex or nearly plane, somewhat obconic, 8-16 mm. broad; surface hygrophanous, radiate-striate when moist, whitish, pale-yellow, or yellowish-brown: lamellae broad, distant, somewhat triangular, white: spores ovoid, 8-11 X 5-7 uw: stipe short, stuffed, becoming hollow, 12-20 mm. long, 1 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Europe. HasirTar: On the ground among mosses or on decaying wood. DistRiBuTion: Greenland to Alaska, British Columbia, and Washington, and southward along the Alleghanies to North Carolina; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATION: Cooke, Brit. Fungi pl. 271 (260). 4. Omphalina subcartilaginea Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus tough, subcartilaginous, convex, deeply umbilicate, gregarious, 1-2 cm. broad; surface smooth, glabrous, uniformly pale-tan, margin concolorous, estriate, incurved when young: lamellae short-decurrent, crowded, narrow, white: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 6-7 X 3-44: stipe cylindric, equal, firm, smooth, glabrous, pruinose at the apex, concolorous, solid, 4 em. long, 2 mm. thick. Type collected on decayed limbs in wet woods at New Orleans, Louisiana, September 7, 1908, F. S. Earle 103 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). . DistTRIBurion: Known only from the type locality. 5. Omphalina Dawsonii Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex, depressed at the center, rather fleshy, cespitose, 3-5 cm. broad; surface smooth, glabrous, isabelline to pale-fulvous, margin concolorous, estriate, undulate, incurved when young: context white, mildly astringent, with a slightly unpleasant odor: lamellae decurrent, crowded, narrow, thin, dirty-white: spores subglobose, smooth, hyaline, 4-6 u: stipe subfleshy, cylindric, smooth, glabrous, concolorous, hollow, 7-10 em. long, 3-5 mm. thick, closely united by mycelium with two or more adjacent stipes for some distance from the base. Type collected on a rotten log at Lima, Ohio, in 1902, C. W. Dawson 49 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 346 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 6. Omphalina lilacifolia (Peck) Murrill. Agaricus lilacinus Peck, Ann. Rep. N.Y. State Mus. 24: 63. 1872. Not A. lilacinus Mont. 1856. Agaricus lilacifolius Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 29: 66. 1878. Omphalia lilacifolia Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 45: 94 (34). 1893. Pileus convex, deeply umbilicate, 12-24 mm. broad; surface glabrous, viscid, hygroph- anous, dingy-yellow with a slight greenish tint and striatulate when moist, bright-sulphur- yellow when dry: lamellae crowded, narrow, arcuate, decurrent, pale-lilac: spores subellipsoid, 5-6 X 3: stipe equal, glabrous, viscid, yellowish with pale-lilac-colored mycelium at the base, hollow, 12-24 mm. long, 1-2 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Trenton Falls, New York. Hasitat: On decaying prostrate trunks of hemlock. DIstTRIBUTION: New York. 7. Omphalina strombodes (Berk. & Mont.) Murrill. Agaricus (Omphalia) strombodes Berk. & Mont. ot Crypt. 112. 1856. Agaricus alboflavus Morgan, Jour. Cinc. Soc. Nat. Hist. 6: 76. 1883. Omphalia strombodes Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 318. 1887. Omphalia alboflava Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 327. 1887. Pileus fleshy-membranous, depressed to infundibuliform, 4-7.5 cm. broad; surface radiate- fibrillose to glabrous, whitish, becoming yellow at maturity, rarely darker,’margin irregular, inflexed: lamellae decurrent, very distant, arcuate, broad, thin, white, becoming yellowish: spores subglobose, 4-5 u long: stipe white or yellow, grayish-pulverulent, stuffed or hollow, enlarged at the apex, 2.5-5 cm. long. TYPE LOCALITY: Columbus, Ohio. HasitaT: On rotten logs or buried wood. DISTRIBUTION: Southern Pennsylvania to North er and Ohio. ILLUSTRATION: Jour. Cinc. Soc. Nat. Hist. 6: pl. 5 8. Omphalina chrysophylla (Fries) Murrill. Agaricus chrysophyllus Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 167. 1821. Agaricus (Omphalia) xanthophyllus Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. III. 4: 287. 1859. Agaricus chryseus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Cab. 23: 85. 1872. Omphalia chrysophylla P. Karst. Bidr. Finl. Nat. Folk 32: 128. 1879. Pileus convex or nearly plane, umbilicate, 2.5 cm. or more broad; surface flocculose, hygrophanous, yellowish-brown when moist, paler when dry,‘margin spreading, sometimes reflexed: lamellae broad, distinct, subdistant, strongly decurrent, bright-yellow: spores oblong- ellipsoid, 10-11 X 5 u: stipe even, glabrous, villose at the base, yellow, tough, hollow, some- times curved, equal, 2.5-3 cm. long, 2-4 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Europe. Hasirat: On decaying wood of coniferous trees. DisTRIBUTION: Canada to Oregon and southward in the eastern United States to South Carolina. ItLustrations: Fries, Ic. Myc. pl. 74, f. 1; Hard, Mushrooms f. 100. 9. Omphalina subhepatica (Batsch) Murrill. Agaricus subhepaticus Batsch, Elench. Fung. Contin. 2: 77. 1789. Agaricus pyxidatus Bull, & Vent. Hist. Champ. Fr. 1:514. 1809. NotA. pyxidatus Schum. 1801. Omphalia pyxidata Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 64. 1872. . Omphalina pyxidata Quél. Ench. Fung. 43. 1886. Pileus at first convex or nearly plane and umbilicate, becoming infundibuliform, 12-24 mm. broad; surface glabrous, hygrophanous, brick-red or reddish- brown, entirely or partly tadiate-striate, becoming pallid when dry and flocculose or slightly silky, margin striate when moist: lamellae narrow, subdistant, decurrent, tinged with flesh-color, becoming yellowish: spores subellipsoid, 6-7.5 X 4-5 yu: stipe glabrous, pallid or reddish, equal, tough, stuffed or hollow, 2.5 cm. long, 2 mm. thick. TYPE LocaLiry: Europe. Hasitat: On grassy or mossy ground in pastures. a DiIsTRIBUTION: Canada to North Carolina and west to Washington and California; also in urope. ILLUSTRATIONS: Batsch, Elench. Fung. f. 211; Bull. Herb. Fr. #1. ; i i eons g. f. u er r. pl. 568, f. 2; Cooke, Brit. Fungi Part 5, 1916] AGARICACEAE 347 10. Omphalina rustica (Fries) Quél. Ench. Fung. 43. 1886. Agaricus rusticus Fries, Epicr. Myc. 124. 1838. Omphalia rustica Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 65. 1872. Pileus membranous, convex, umbilicate, 6-11 mm. broad; surface glabrous, hygrophanous, silky when dry, gray to whitish or brownish, margin striate when moist: lamellae decurrent, subdistant, thick, with the ends equally attenuate, gray: spores ellipsoid, 7.5-10 X 4-6 p: stipe glabrous, grayish-brown, slender, equal or enlarged above, stuffed, 2.5 em. long, 1 mm. thick. Tyre Locality: Europe. Hasitat: On the ground in woods or thickets. DISTRIBUTION: New York, Illinois, and Ohio; also in Europe. 11. Omphalina Volkertii Murrill. Omphalia Volkertit Murrill, Mycologia 3:98. 1911. Pileus infundibuliform to umbilicate, tough, flexible, solitary or gregarious, 1-2 cm. broad, about 7 mm. high; surface glabrous, hygrophanous, fuliginous, becoming avellaneous soon after picking: lamellae decurrent, distant, tough, discolored-avellaneous: spores stub- globose, smooth, hyaline, 4 u: stipe crooked, tapering toward the base, concolorous, glabrous, hollow, 1.5-2 cm. long, 1-2 mm. thick. ‘Type LOCALITY: Near the New York Botanical Garden, New York City. Haxzrrat: Mossy fields, rarely on bare ground. DisTRIBuTIoON: New York and Massachusetts. ILLUSTRATION: Mycologia 3: pl. 40, f. 3. 12. Omphalina subclavata (Peck) Murrill. Omphalia subclavata Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 27: 612. 1900. Pileus thin, submembranous, subclavate or tubaeform, deeply umbilicate, 6-12 mm. broad; surface glabrous, grayish-brown: lamellae very decurrent, subdistant, yellow: spores ellipsoid, 6-7.5 4-5 yu: stipe slender, whitish, hollow, subpruinose, tomentose at the base, 2.5 cm. long, 1 mm. thick. Tyre Locatity: Missouri. Hasrrat: On dead wood. : : DISTRIBUTION: Pennsylvania, Tennessee, and Missouri. 13. Omphalina Epichysium (Pers.) Quél. Ench. Fung. 43. 1886. Agaricus Epichysium Pers. Disp. Fung. 25. 1797. Omphalia Epichysium Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 65. 1872. : Agaricus (Clitocybe) Gerardianus Peck, Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 1:46. 1873. Agaricus (Omphalia) montanus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 27:94. 1875. Not A. montanus Pers. 6. Clitocybe Gerardianus Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 181. 1887. Mycene montana Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 255. 1887. Piles membranous, fragile, nearly plane, convex, umbilicate to infundibuliform, 12-24 mm. broad; surface hygrophanous, sooty-gray and striate when moist, paler when dry and silky or flocculose: lamellae narrow, subdistant, slightly decurrent, whitish or cinereous: spores ellipsoid, 7.5-10 X 4-6 y: stipe glabrous, cinereous, equal, somewhat hollow, 2-6 cm. long, 1-2 mm. thick. ‘TYPE LOCALITY: Europe. Hasirat: On decaying trunks or among sphagnum. ; . ; DISTRIBUTION: Maine to Alabama and west to Wisconsin and Seattle, Washington; also in Europe. : ILLustRatIon: Atk. Stud. Am. Fungi f. 101. 14. Omphalina Sequoiarum Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus infundibuliform, gregarious, 4.5-5 cm. broad; surface smooth, moist, glabrous, buff-colored, margin finely crenate, often splitting: context grayish-white, unchanging, without characteristic taste or odor; lamellae decurrent, inserted, crowded, rather narrow, white, 348 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA VOLUME 9 slightly grayish in herbarium specimens: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 6-7 X 4-5 m: stipe cylindric, smooth, glabrous, concolorous, solid, 4-5 cm. long, 3-4 mm. thick. Type collected in humus under redwoods at Searsville Lake, near Stanford University, Cali- fornia, January 6, 1903, James McMurphy 37 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 15. Omphalina luteicolor Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex to depressed, gregarious to subcespitose, usually about 2 cm. broad, but sometimes reaching 4 cm.; surface smooth, glabrous, dry or moist, varying from pale-luteous to almost orange, margin not striate, entire, concolorous, incurved when young and clothed with minute white hairs, which disappear with age: lamellae short-decurrent, very distant, rather narrow, inserted, pale-luteous: spores oblong-ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 7-8.5 X 5-6 uw: stipe cylindric, equal, glabrous at the apex, whitish-myceloid at the base, pale-luteous, cartilaginous, hollow, 2-3 cm. long, usually about 3 mm. thick, but sometimes reaching 5 mm. Type collected on a moss-covered coniferous log in a moist virgin forest near Seattle, Washington, October 20-November 1, 1911, W. A. Murrill 685 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). Hasitat: Abundant on the top of moss-covered or burnt coniferous logs. DISTRIBUTION: Vicinity of Seattle, Washington. 16. Omphalina hypobrunnea Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex to plane, umbonate at times, rather firm, solitary or gregarious, 1.5~2 cm. broad; surface smooth, glabrous, hygrophanous, avellaneous, dark-avellaneous on the disk: lamellae short-decurrent, rather broad, crowded, whitish with brown edges, becoming cas- taneous-umbrinous on drying: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 6-7 X 3.5-5 uw: stipe tough, hygrophanous, stubcylindric, smooth, finely tomentose to glabrous, concolorous, 1.5 cm. long, 1.5—-2 mm. thick. Type collected on dead wood in a moist virgin forest near Seattle, Washington, October 20— November 1, 1911, W. A. Murrill 287 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DisTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 17. Omphalina niveicolor Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex to nearly plane, gregarious, 3-5 mm. broad, rarely reaching 8 mm.; surface snow-white, smooth, glabrous, margin incurved when young, concolorous: lamellae decurrent, distant, narrow, forked, snow-white, becoming slightly rose-tinted with age, the edges rather obtuse when young but thin at maturity: stipe snow-white, smooth, glabrous, very slender, 6 mm. long. . Type collected on a wet log in a moist virgin forest along the Tepeite River, 2300 m. elevation, near Cuernavaca, Mexico, December 28, 1909, W. A. & Edna L. Murrill 486 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). Distripution: Known only from the type locality. 18. Omphalina subscyphoides Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex, depressed at the center, solitary, reaching 13 mm. broad; surface dull- white, smooth, glabrous, margin irregular, concolorous: lamellae decurrent, white, distant, rather broad: stipe dilated above, smooth, glabrous, white, 2 cm. long, 2 mm. thick. Type collected on the ground in a moist virgin forest along the Tepeite River, 2100 m. elevation, near Cuernavaca, Mexico, December 28, 1909, W. A. & Edna L. Murrill 482 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 19. Omphalina tepeitensis Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus hemispheric, solitary, 8 mm. broad; surface smooth, glabrous, white, hygrophanous, not viscid, margin incurved, concolorous: lamellae decurrent, white, distant, rather broad: stipe unusually long, cylindric, equal, smooth, glabrous, snow-white, 4 cm. long, nearly 2 mm. thick. Type collected on the ground in humus in a moist virgin forest along the Tepeite River, 2100 m. Sg ee = Cuernavaca, Mexico, December 28, 1909, W. A. & Edna L. Murrill 479 (herb. N. Y. ot. Gard.). DistRiBuTION: Known only from the type locality. Parr 5, 1916]: AGARICACEAE 349 20. Omphalina cuspidatella Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex to plane, with an abrupt, small, conic, pointed umbo, cespitose, reaching _ lem. broad; surface white, with a faint rosy tint, slightly silky, smooth, margin thin, entire, , white: lamellae decurrent, arcuate, distant, white with a slightly yellowish tint: stipe slightly dilated above and tapering below, smooth, white, glabrous, 1.5 em. long, 2 mm. thick. Type collected on the ground in rich moist soil under tree ferns at Morce’s Gap, Jamaica, December 29-January 2, 1908-9, W. A. & Edna L. Murrill 727 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DistRiBuTION: Known only from the type locality. 21. Omphalina acuminata Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus conic, with a very long, pointed umbo, gregarious to subcespitose, scarcely reaching 1 cm. broad; surface slightly viscid when moist, pruinose to glabrous, white, margin entire, concolorous, incurved when young: lamellae distant, broad, plane, short-decurrent, white: spores ovoid or ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 8-9 X 64: stipe slender, whitish, pulverulent to glabrous, slightly enlarged at the base, 1 cm. long, scarcely 1 mm. thick. Type collected on much decayed wood by a roadside in woods at Union Hill, 600 m. elevation, near Moneague, Jamaica, January 17, 18, 1909, W. A. Murrill 1178 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Vicinity of Moneague, Jamaica. 22, Omphalina collybiiformis Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex to umbilicate, rather tough, gregarious, 3 cm. broad; surface whitish with a satiny luster,-glabrous, becoming striate from the cracking of the cuticle, margin concolorous, becoming reflexed and splitting with age: lamellae decurrent, distant, narrow, whitish: spores subglobose, smooth, hyaline, 4-7 u: stipe cylindric, equal, tough, smooth, glabrous, whitish, hollow, 2-5 cm. long, 2-3 mm. thick. Type collected on decayed wood in a moist virgin forest in the Tepeite Valley, near Cuernavaca, Mexico, 2100 m. elevation, December 28, 1909, W. A. & Edna L. Murrilj 477 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 23. Omphalina jalapensis Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus deeply infundibuliform, gregarious, reaching 3.5 cm. broad and 2 em. high; surface whitish, hygrophanous, smooth, glabrous, the margin lobed and irregular, not striate, incurved when young: context thin, white, flexible, inclined to be tough, fragile when dry; lamellae short-decurrent, determinate, crowded, narrow, rather thick, white, several times inserted and some of them forked: spores ovoid, smooth, hyaline, 5 X 3.5 4: stipe somewhat com- pressed, dilated above, smooth, concolorous, pubescent at the base, hollow, 2 cm. long, 3-5 mm. thick. Type collected on the ground in humus in a moist virgin forest near Jalapa, Mexico, December 12-20, 1909, W. A. & Edna L. Murrill 165 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 24. Omphalina lenta Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus rather tough, infundibuliform, gregarious, reaching 1 cm. broad; surface smooth, furfuraceous, pale-tan, margin incturved when young, concolorous: lamellae decurrent, narrow, rather thick, distant, yellowish: stipe cylindric, equal, very slender, pallid to subconcolorous, furfuraceous to glabrous, 2-3 cm. long, 1-1.5 mm. thick. Type collected on a fallen dead stick at Hall’s Delight, Jamaica, 500 m. elevation, October 25, 1902, F. S. Earle 122 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). . DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 25. Omphalina flavella (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Agaricus (Omphalia) flavellus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 286. 1868. Omphalia flavella Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 334. 1887. Pileus thin, umbilicate to infundibuliform, gregarious, 1~1.5 em. broad; surface glabrous, flavovirens when young, melleous when old, margin striate, incurved: lamellae decurrent, few, distant, arcuate, melleous: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 4-7 u: stipe slender, appressed, 350 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 9 slightly enlarged at the apex, puberulent, white when young, becoming melleous, 1-2 cm. long, 1-2 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. Hasirat: On dead sticks in woods. : DistRIBUTION: Cuba, Jamaica, and eastern Mexico. 26. Omphalina Earlei Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus thin, submembranous, convex to expanded, gregarious, 2~3 cm. broad; surface pallid to yellowish, silky to subglabrous, smooth, margin concolorous, not striate, jnrolled when young: lamellae decurrent, narrow, distant, concolorous, forking and strongly inter- veined: stipe slightly dilated above, whitish, puberulent or pubescent, solid, 2-3 cm. long, 1 mm. thick. Type collected on the ground under weeds and bushes at Herradura, Cuba, October 13, 1906. F. S. Eavle 551 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 27. Omphalina cremea Murrill, sp. nov. Piles hemispheric, gregarious, 2 cm. broad, 1 cm. high; surface smooth, glabrous, cream- colored, margin ochraceous, hygrophanous, undulate, deflexed: lamellae decurrent, distant, arcuate, rather thick, ochraceous: spores ovoid or broadly ellipsoid, obliquely apiculate at one end, smooth, hyaline, 8.5 X 6 yu: stipe slightly enlarged at the middle, smooth, glabrous, cream-colored, about 4.5 cm. long, 2-4 mm. thick. Type collected on a very much decayed stump at Chester Vale, Jamaica, December 22, 1908, W. A. & Edna L, Murrill 353 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 28. Omphalina chondripes (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Agaricus (Omphalia) chondripes Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 286. 1868. Omphalia chondripes Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 317. 1887. Pileus thin, infundibuliform, about 1 cm. broad; surface umbrinous, margin involute: lamellae narrow, arcuate, decurrent, subdistant, white to pallid: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 5-7.5 u: stipe concolorous, cartilaginous, pulverulent to glabrous, 6-15 mm. long, 2 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. HasitaT: On decayed wood or other vegetable matter. DIsTRIBUTION: Cuba and British Honduras. 29. Omphalina miniata Murrill. Agaricus (Omphalia) Kermesinus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 286. 1868. Not A. Kermesinus Mill. Omphalia Kermesina Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 320. 1887. Pileus convex, umbilicate, 6 mm. broad; surface glabrous, bright-scarlet: lamellae de- current, few, broad, concolorous: stipe glabrous, concolorous, dilated above, 18 mm. long. Type Locality: Cuba. Hasirat: On rotten wood. DIsTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 30. Omphalina coccinea Murrill. ier Me ae Sanguineus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 286. 1868. Not A. sanguineus ull. : Omphalia sanguinea Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 311. 1887, Pileus thin, infundibuliform, 12 mm. broad; surface pruinose, blood-red: lamellae de- current, crowded, narrow, concolorous: stipe concolorous, dilated above, 12 mm. long. TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. Hasirat: On rotten wood. Disrripution: Known only from the type locality. Part 5, 1916] AGARICACEAE 851 31. Omphalina incarnata Murrill. a Come) carneolus Fries, Nova Acta Soc. Sci. Upsal. IIT. 1:23. 1851. Not A. carneolus ers, : Omphalia carneola Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 323. 1887. Pileus somewhat fleshy, convex to explanate and depressed, 2.5 em. broad; surface incarnate: lamellae adnate-decurrent, distant, thick, paler than the pileus: stipe cartilaginous, straight or curved, equal, shining, glabrous, dark-red, stuffed, corneous, about 2.5 cm. long and 2 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Naranjo, Costa Rico. Hasitat: In moist earth. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. DOUBTFUL SPECIES Omphahea californica Copeland, Ann. Myc. 2: 507. 1904. Described from specimens collected on the ground under oaks at Chico, California, and said by the author to be allied to Omphalina umbellifera. I have not seen the types. Pileus pale-brown, glabrous, becoming infundibuliform, 1-2 cm. broad; lamellae very broad behind, very unequal, triangular, rosy- pallid; spores about 4-X 3 4; stipe glabrous, rosy-pallid, 1-2 cm. long, 2 mm. thick. Omphaha Michenert (Berk. & Curt.) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 344. 1887. (Agaricus (Pleurotus) Micheneri Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. II.12:420. 1853.) Described from specimens collected on dead wood in Pennsylvania by Michener. The single specimen at Kew has the appearance of Omphalina subclavata, but the surface of Michener’s plant is described as yellow- ish-white and the lamellae as distant. Omphalia muralis (Sow.) Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 219. 1872. (Agaricus muralis Sow. Engl. Fungi pl. 322. 1801.) Reported from Ohioand the Carolinas. Specimens from Long Island agree fairly well with the description, except that they have a much thicker stipe. Specimens at Albany from California are only O. subhepatica. Omphalia sphaerospora (Berk.) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 326. 1887. (Agaricus (Omphalia) sphaerosporus Berk. Jour. Linn. Soc. 17: 14. 1880. Not A. sphaerosporus Kromb. 1836.) Described from specimens éollected on moss in Greenland. I have seen no specimens and the description is entirely inadequate. Omphalia sphagnicola (Berk.) P. Karst. Bidr. Finl. Nat. Folk 32: 130. 1879. (Agaricus (Omphalia) sphagnicola Berk. in Smith, Engl. Fl. 5?: 67. 1836.) Described from England and confused by some American mycologists with O. Epichysitum, which grows both on dead wood and in sphagnum. Omphalia tubaeformis Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 42: 115 (19). 1889. Described from specimens collected on dead willow bark at Menands, New York. It is not to be found at Albany, and was not listed by Peck in Omphalia in his 45th Report, but was mentioned by him in 1900 as belonging to this genus. Omphalina chrysoleuca (Fries) Quél. Ench. Fung. 42. 1886. (Agaricus chrysoleucus Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 167. 1821.) Reported from North Carolina by Curtis and Schweinitz. It is very closely related to O. chrysophylla Fries. Agaricus chrysoleucus Pers. is said to be a Hygrophorus. Omphalina gracillima (Weinm.) Quél. Ench. Fung. 46. 1886. (Agaricus gracillimus Weinm. Fl. Ross. 121. 1836.) Reported from New York and Minnesota. It is a minute, white species and difficult to study. The Peck collection contains specimens from Sandlake and Worcester, with a good sketch. Omphalina integrella (Pers.) Quél. Ench. Fung. 46. 1886. (Agaricus integrellus Pers. Ie. Myc. 54. 1800.) Reported from Pennsylvania, North Carolina, and Minnesota by the older mycologists and from Ohio by Morgan and Stover. It is a small, white, pellucid species with very narrow, rather obtuse lamellae. In 1889, Fayod separated this species from Om- phalia because of its obtuse lamellae and used it as the type of his genus Delicatula. Omphalina onisca (Fries) Quél. Ench. Fung. 43. 1886. (Agaricus oniscus Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 172. 1821.) Reported from Greenland, New England, and Ohio. Not seen at Albany. Omphalina setipes (Fries) Quél. Ench. Fung. 45. 1886. (Agaricus setipes Fries, Obs. Myc. 2: 162. 1818.) Reported from North Carolina by Curtis as occurring in sphagnum swamps. 352 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLtumE 9 Omphalina stellata (Hoffm.) Quél. Ench. Fung. 45. 1886. (Agaricus stellatus (Hoftm.) Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 163. 1821.) Reported from New York by Peck on dead logs and from Chicago, Illinois, by Moffatt in grassy places. There seems to be considerable confusion among mycologists regarding this species. Specimens at Albany from East Berne are very tiny, striate, and orange throughout in the dried condition. Omphalina striaepilea (Fries) Quél. Ench. Fung. 43. 1886. (Agaricus striaepileus Fries, Monogr. Hymen. Suec. 2: 291. 1863.) Reported by Peck as occurring in New Vork in a pale-gray form on sugar maple. Specimens at Albany from North Elba are now striate, and chestnut-fuliginous throughout. Omphalina umbilicata (Schaeff.) Quél. Enc. Fung. 42. 1886. (Agaricus umbilicatus Schaeff. Fung. Bavar. 4: Ind. 46. 1774.) Reported from Greenland by Berkeley. It has the general appearance of O. chrysophylla and also approaches Clitocybe. 36. GYMNOPUS Roussel, Fl. Calvados ed. 2. 62. 1806. Agaricus } Collybia Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 129. 1821. Collybia Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 56. 1872. Lyophyllum P. Karst. Acta Soc. Faun. Fl. Fenn. 2:3. 1881. Tephrophana Earle, Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 5: 427. 1909. Collybidium Earle, Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 5: 428. 1909. Pileus convex, the margin at first incurved, solitary, gregarious, or cespitose: lamellae adnate or adnexed, usually white or bright-colored, sometimes gray or blackish: spores hyaline: stipe central, smooth, or at times striate, usually slender, with cartilaginous cortex. Type species, Agaricus longipes Bull. I. SPECIES OCCURRING IN TEMPERATE NorTH AMERICA, EXCEPT THOSE CONFINED TO THE * PACIFIC COAST Pileus white, whitish, or pale-isabelline, sometimes darker on the disk. Pileus entirely white or whitish, unchanging. Pileus 4-6 mm. broad. 1. Pileus 6-15 mm. broad. Pileus slightly umbilicate. Pileus obtuse or subumbonate. Stipe tomentose, attached to a tuber. Stipe glabrous, not attached to a tuber. Lamellae persistently white or pallid. Lamellae becoming rusty-brown on drying. Pileus 3-5 em. broad. Pileus umbilicate. Pileus umbonate. Pileus whitish or pale-isabelline, often varying in color or marked with a different color on the disk or elsewhere. Pileus 2-4 mm. broad. 8. G. conigenoides. Pileus 1-4 cm. broad, rarely larger in G. strictipes. Pileus differently colored on the disk. Pileus whitish tinged with rose-color, dull-white on the disk. 9. G. Eatonae. Pileus whitish or smoky-white, brown or blackish on the disk. 10. G. nigrodiscus. Pileus not differently colored on the disk. Pileus becoming imbricate-scaly. ) ll. G. squamiger. Pileus remaining glabrous. Pileus umbilicate or becoming depressed. Pileus becoming distinctly yellow on drying; odor . delicatellus. . ludovicianus. . tuberosus. . albus. . microsporus. ND WR ww N AN AN A A A . pallidus. . texensis, not farinaceous. 12. G. flavescens. Pileus not becoming distinctly yellow; odor strongly .. _farinaceous. 13. G. farinaceus. Pileus plane or convex. Lamellae distant. 14. G. sinuatus. Lamellae crowded. a ae eee oe mui. thick, 15. G. strictipes. tipe pale-reddish-brown, 2-4 mm. thick. 16. G. virgini i Pileus 5-10 em. broad. eee Stipe 5-10 em. long. Lamellae narrow, crowded. 17. G. carnosus. ae ay broad, distant. 18. G. tenuifolius. tipe 10-15 cm. Jong. 7 i Pileus distinctly yellow. EG CNC ya pho decidedly cespitose. Pileus umbonate, vitelline or croceous. 20 h Ca Pileus not umbonate, sulfur-yeilow. 21. a rem hens Part 5, 1916] AGARICACEAE Hymenophore not decidedly cespitose. Pileus 1-4 em. broad. Surface glabrous, pale-ochraceous. Surface subglabrous, yellow or yellow tinged with browa, be- coming smoky-flavid. Surface floccose-pulverulent, yellow. Pileus 5-7 cm. broad. Stipe 4-6 mm. thick; lamellae flavous. Stipe 15 mm. thick; lamellae white. Pileus fulvous, reddish, or reddish-brown. Pileus 1-2.5 em. broad. Lamellae subdistant. Lamellae crowded. Lamellae serrate on the edges. Lamellae not serrate on the edges. Lamellae pale-cinnamon-colored, spinuliferous. Lamellae white, not spinuliferous. Pileus 2.5-5 cm. broad. Surface distinctly viscid, glabrous. Surface not viscid, but densely tomentose. Surface neither viscid nor tomentose. Lamellae denticulate or eroded on the edges. Lamellae crowded; stipe 6—10 mm. thick. Lamellae subdistant; stipe 4-6 mm. thick. Lamellae entire on the edges. Hymenophore densely cespitose. Hymenophore gregarious. Pileus 5-10 em. broad. Pileus some shade of gray, brown, or black. Surface dry or slightly moist, entirely glabrous even under a lens. Pileus umbilicate or becoming depressed. Stipe 1-2 mm. thick; pileus 1-2.5 cm. broad. Lamellae brownish-lilac. Lamellae grayish-white; stipe whitish at the base. Pileus blackish-brown; spores subglobose. Pileus dark-avellaneous; spores ellipsoid. Lamellae white: stipe fulvous at the base. Stipe 24 mm. thick; pileus 2.5-5 cm. broad. Surface brownish when moist, whitish when dry; odor dis- tinctly farinaceous. Surface livid-gray, becoming wale on drying. Surface dull-blackish-brown, brown when dry. Pileus convex or umbonate. Pileus grayish-drab, darker on the umbo, margin striate; lamellae free, pale-ochraceous; stipe white, shining. Pileus not as above. Pileus 0.5-2.5 em. broad. Lamellae dark-rosy-isabelline. Lamellae brownish. Lamellae white or Pe yellow. Stipe 1-2.5 cm. long. Lamellae narrow. Lamellae broad. Stipe 5-10 cm. long. Pileus 3~6 em. broad. Lamellae narrow, crowded. Pileus light-brown; stipe 2.5 mm. thick. Pileus fuliginous-browe ; stipe 4-6 mm. thick. Lamellae rather distant, broad. Surface viscid or clothed with minute or conspicuous hairs or fibrils. Surface viscid, glabrous. Stipe 2-3 cm. long, not radicate. Stipe 10-20 cm. long, radicate. Surface dry, clothed with minute or conspicuous hairs or fibrils. Pileus 8-12 mm. broad. Pileus 1.5—-4 em. broad. Lamellae narrow, crowded; pileus avellaneous. Lamellae broad, subdistant; pileus dark-brown. Pileus 7.5-10 em. broad. II. SPECIES OCCURRING ON THE PACIFIC COAST Pileus white or whitish. Hymenophore arising from a tuber. Hymenophore not arising from a tuber. Lamellae narrow, crowded. Lamellae broad, distant. Pileus some shade of yellow or isabelline. 60. 61. an aan a AA AR A A ANA AN AAD ANA A AN 353 « CYEMOTaCEUS. . exsculptus. . chrysopeplus. . subflavifolius. . rUgOSOCEDS. . agricola, . lentinoides. . lachnophyllus. . tortipes. . velutipes. . tenuipes. microspermus. hygrophoroides. . acervalus. . dryophilus. . luxurians. . myriadophyllus. . alratoides, . maurus. . detersibilis. . expallens, . ignobilis. . atratus. . discipes. . Earleae. . fuscolilacinus. . uniformis, . pilularius, . familia. . Volkertii. . fuliginellus, . dentatus, unakensis. . radicatus. albipilatus. oculus. alcalinolens. . platyphyllus. G. tuberosus, trullisatus. . albogriseus. 354 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA Pileus 1.5—2 cm. broad. Pileus cremeous-melleous, umbilicate. Pileus isabelline with a fulvous umbo. Pileus 2.5-6 cm. broad. Lamellae denticulate. Lamellae not denticulate. Lamellae white, not changing. . Jamellae yellow, changing to brownish-red on drying. Pileus some shade of fulvous, bay, or reddish-brown. Pileus with a distinct, conic umbo. Stipe radicate, 5-15 cm. long. Stipe not radicate, 4-5 cm. long. Pileus convex or broadly umbonate. Stipe glabrous. Stipe 2-2.5 cm. long; pileus cespitose. Stipe 2.5-5 cm. long; pileus usually solitary or gregarious. Spores ellipsoid. ~ Spores subglobose. Stipe distinctly velvety. Pileus distinctly viscid. Pileus not viscid. Pileus avellaneous, fuliginous, or blackish. Pileus umbilicate. Pileus convex. Pileus avellaneous; stipe 5 cm. long. Pileus fuliginous; stipe 2 cm. long. 62. 63. 64. 65. 23. 66. 67. 68. 36. 69. 31. 70. 40. 71. 72. III. SpEcrES OCCURRING IN TROPICAL NorTH AMERICA Pileus glabrous, not viscid. Pileus white or whitish, sometimes differently colored on the disk. Pileus entirely white. Pileus 1-2 em. broad. Pileus 3-8 cm. broad. Lamellae deeply sinuate, narrow, crowded. Lamellae adnate, broad. Pileus white, differently colored on the disk. Disk pale-yellowish; stipe 1.5 em. long. Disk latericious; stipe 6 cm. long. Pileus ochraceous, isabelline, or fulvous. (G. dryophilus, a temperate aia found at high elevations in the tropics, may be looked for ere.) Pileus pale-ochraceous, 5~10 mm. broad. Pileus dark-ochraceous, 1-3 cm. broad. Pileus isabelline with a pale-latericious umbo, 5 cm. broad. Pileus fulvous. Lamellae white. Stipe 2-3 cm. long; pileus becoming fuliginous on drying. Stipe 1 cm. long; pileus remaining fulvous on drying. Lamellae brown. Pileus blue. Pileus avellaneous. Lamellae white. Pileus pale-avellaneous. Pileus reddish-brown. Lamellae pale-murinous. Pileus fuliginous. Pileus rosy-livid or dark-red. Pileus rosy-livid, 12 mm. broad. Pileus latericious, 7 mm. broad. Pileus bay to dark-reddish-brown, 2.5—-5 cm. broad. Species wood-loving; margin striate. Species growing on the ground; margin estriate. Pileus decorated with hairs or scales or, if glabrous, then distinctly viscid. Pileus viscid, tawny or reddish-yellow, cespitose. Pileus not viscid but decorated with hairs or scales. Surface white with a floccose, subseparable pellicle. Surface fuliginous, isabelline on the disk, beset with minute bristles. Surface orange, densely furfuraceous-velvety. Surface ochraceous to yellowish-red, becoming bay or chestnut, densely tomentose when young. 1. Gymnopus delicatellus (Peck) Murrill. Agaricus (Collybia) delicatellus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 30: 39. Collybia delicatella Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 224. 1887. 32. G. G. G. G. G. exsculptus. ag aA AA O AAD ANA 2 AAA A AD AN AAAD 1878. aa A AN AN A [VoLumE 9 cremeimelleus. fulvidiscus. denticulatus. subrugosus. umbonatus. badiialbus. . avellaneidiscus. . dryophilus. . sublatericius. velutipes. fulvipes. MIGUTUS. avellaneigriseus. griseifolius. musicola. . Boryanus. . albidulus. . orizabensis. . oculatus. . marasmiiformis. . domesticus. . monticola. nigritiformis. densifolius. fimetarius. . cyanocephalus. cinchonensis. subnivulosus. subavellaneus. nigrita. roseilividus. xuchilensis. jamaicensis. dryophilus. velutipes. subflavescens. setulosus. chrysopeplus. lenuipes. Pileus submembranous, convex or broadly campanulate, gregarious or subcespitose, 4-6 mm. broad; surface glabrous, pure-white: lamellae white, narrow but not crowded, emarginate: Part 5, 1916] AGARICACEKAEK 355 spores oblong or narrowly ellipsoid, about 10 X 4-5 u: stipe white, slightly white-villose at the base, slender, equal, hollow, 16-24 mm. long, about 1 mm. thick. Tyre Ltocatity: North Greenbush, New York. Hasrrat: Among fallen leaves. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 2. Gymnopus ludovicianus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus thin, rather tough, resembling Marasmius, convex to expanded, slightly umbilicate, gregarious or subcespitose, 1-1.5 cm. broad; surface glabrous, strongly rugose, pallid, margin concolorous, slightly striate, inflexed when young: lamellae adnate with a collar, distant, in- serted, of moderate width, strongly interveined, white: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, granular, 4-6 uw: stipe cylindric, equal, firm, solid, smooth, glabrous, pallid above, reddish- brown at the base, 3-4 cm. long, 1-2 mm. thick. Type collected in humus on the ground in wet woods in City Park, New Orleans, Louisiana, September 3, 1908, F. S. Earle 26 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DIsTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 3. Gymnopus tuberosus (Bull.) Murrill. Agaricus tuberosus Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 256. 1785. Collybia tuberosa Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 60. 1872. Pileus thin, corivex or nearly plane, obtuse or slightly umbonate, 6-12 mm. broad; surface glabrous or nearly so, white: lamellae close, thin, adnate, white: spores ellipsoid, 5-6 X 3 u: stipe slender, clothed with a thin, pulverulent, white tomentum, often nearly naked toward the apex, whitish or slightly reddish-tinted, growing from a yellowish or reddish-brown sclerotioid tuber of variable shape, 2-4 cm. long, scarcely 1 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: France. Hastrat: On old blackened fungi, decayed sticks, or damp soil rich in decayed vegetable matter. DIsTRIBUTION: Canada to North Carolina and west to Washington, Oregon, and California; also in Europe. : ILtusTRATIONS: Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 256, pl. 522, f. 4; Cooke, Brit. Fungi pl. 144 (197)A. Exsiccatr: Erb. Critt. Ital. Ser. Il. 932; Roum. Fungi Sel. 7312; Thiim. Myc. Univ. 2103. 4. Gymnopus albus (Peck) Murrill. Collybia alba Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 41:62. 1888. Pileus thin, convex or hemispheric, obtuse, 6-10 mm. broad; surface glabrous, white: lamellae broad, subdistant, ventricose, aduexed or nearly free: spores broadly ellipsoid or subglobose, 4-5 3-4 2: stipe glabrous, white, short, equal or slightly thickened at the apex, about 2.5 cm. long, 1-2 mm. thick. TYPE LocaLity: Gansevoort, New York. Hazirat: On mossy decayed wood and stumps. Distrisution: Northern New York. 5. Gymnopus microsporus (Peck) Murrill. Collybia microspora Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 22: 486. 1895. Pileus thin, convex, subumbonate, 12 mm. broad; surface glabrous, white: lamellae sub- distant, nearly plane, white, changing to rusty-brown on drying: spores minute, broadly ellipsoid, 4 X 3»: stipe slender, glabrous, white, becoming brown on drying, hollow, 2.5 cm. long, 2 mm. thick. Type LOCALITY: Rooks County, Kansas. Hasrrat: On wet ground under bushes. DISTRIBUTION: Kansas. 6. Gymnopus pallidus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex-umbilicate, thin, gregarious, 3 cm. broad; surface dry, smooth, glabrous, hygrophanous, whitish, margin entire or undulate, not striate, white, inflexed when young: lamellae adnate, crowded, narrow, white: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, obliquely apiculate 356 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 at one end, 6.5-7 X 4-5 u: stipe usually crooked, equal, smooth, glabrous, pallid, solid, 2-3 em. long, 3-4 mm. thick. Type collected among leaves in wet woods at West Park, New York, August 8, 1903, F. S. Earle, 1792 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DisTrrsurtion: Known only from the type locality. 7. Gymnopus texensis (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Agaricus (Collybia) texensis Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. IT. 12: 419. 1853. Collybia texensis Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 203. 1887. Pileus fleshy, subcampanulate, umbonate, connate-cespitose, 5 cm. or more broad; surface glabrous, whitish: lamellae sinuate-adnate, broad, ventricose, white: stipe velvety, spadiceous, . 8 cm. long, 6 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Texas. : DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 8. Gymnopus conigenoides (Ellis) Murrill. Agaricus (Collybia) conigenoides Ellis, Bull. Torrey Club 6: 76. 1876. Collybia- conigenoides Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 223. 1887. Pileus thin, fleshy, convex-plane, not umbonate, 2-4 mm. broad; surface minutely — pubescent, white to yellowish, margin pellucid-striate: lamellae heterophyllous, free, not crowded, 4-11 entire ones, white becoming yellow, pubescent on the edges:'stipe slender, white, radicate, 2.5 cm. long. Type LocaLity: Newfield, New Jersey. HaBirat: On magnolia fruits. . DIstRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 9. Gymnopus Eatonae Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex, not fully expanding, not umbonate, gregarious, 1-2 cm. broad; surface smooth, dry, glabrous, whitish tinged with rose-color, dull-white on the disk, not fading in herbarium specimens, margin rose-tinted, incurved when young: lamellae adnate, crowded, narrow, white: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 6-6.5 * 3-3.5 uw: stipe tough, subequal, smooth, glabrous, whitish, tinged with rose-color except at the base, 2-2.5 em. long, about 2 mm. thick. Type collected on a lawn with Marasmius caryophylleus in the New York Botanical Garden, October 2, 1911, Mary E. Eaton (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 10. Gymnopus nigrodiscus (Peck) Murrill. Collybia nigrodisca Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 50:98. 1897. Pileus thin, convex, 2.5-4 em. broad; surface glabrous, whitish or smoky-white with a brown or blackish disk: context white; lamellae rather broad, subdistant, rounded behind, adnexed, whitish inclining to cream-yellow: spores subellipsoid, 6-7.5 X 4 u: stipe pruinose, even or but slightly striate, whitish, equal, hollow, 2.5—4 em. long, 4 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Wading River, Suffolk County, New York. Hastrat: In sandy soil. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 11. Gymnopus squamiger Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus hemispheric, umbilicate, solitary or gregarious, reaching 1.3 cm. broad; surface dry, dull-isabelline, at first smooth, becoming imbricate-scaly with age by the breaking up of the cuticle, margin concolorous, inflexed when young: lamellae squarely adnate, arcuate, distant, white: spores ellipsoid, slightly pointed at one end, smooth, hyaline, 7-8.5 X 5-6 py: stipe tough, solid, compressed, concolorous, smooth, glabrous, pruinose at the apex, 2 cm. jong, 2-3 mm. thick. Type collected in good soil in open maple woods at Lake Placid, Adirondack Mountains, New York, July 17-29, 1912, W. A. & Edna L. Murrill 40 (herb. N. VY. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. Part 5, 1916] AGARICACEAE 357 12. Gymnopus flavescens Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus fleshy, convex to expanded and at length depressed, somewhat eccentric or irregular at times, gregarious, 1-3 cm. broad; surface smooth, glabrous, hygrophanous, white or yellow- ish, becoming distinctly yellow on drying, margin concolorous, not striate, incurved when young: lamellae adnate, becoming sinuate with age, broad, crowded, white to yellowish: spores broadly ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 6-7 X 5-6 »: stipe subequal, cylindric, whitish or yellowish, densely pruinose, floccose at the base, solid, 2-3 em. long, 2-3 mm. thick, Type collected on decayed wood in City Park, New Orleans, Louisiana, September 6, 1908, F. S. Earle 68 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: City Park, New Orleans, Louisiana. 13. Gymnopus farinaceus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex, not fully expanding, umbilicate or depressed, gregarious or cespitose, reaching 3 cm. broad; surface smooth, glabrous, hygrophanous, dull-whitish or pale-isabelline, pruinose at the center, margin entire, concolorous, inflexed when young: context dull-whitish, with an exceedingly strong farinaceous odor; lamellae adnate, crowded, dull-grayish-white to brownish-discolored: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 6-7 X 4-5 wu: stipe rather short, more or less compressed, tough, smooth, dry, glabrous, fumosous, 3 cm. long, 1-5 mm. thick. Type collected in mossy, shaded earth about stumps and rocks in the New York Botanical Garden, October 5, 1911, W. A. Murrill (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DistrRisuTION: Known only from the type locality. 14. Gymnopus sinuatus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus rather thick, convex to plane, not umbonate, solitary, 3-3.5 cm. broad; surface moist but not viscid, smooth, glabrous, estriate, dirty-cream-colored, margin entire, con- colorous, inflexed when young: lamellae very broad, ventricose, distant, sinuate, whitish: spores ovoid, smooth, hyaline, granular, 8-10 X 6-7 w: stipe erect, cylindric, equal, smooth, glabrous, cream-colored, hollow, whitish-tomentose at the base, 6 cm. long, about 7 mm. thick. Type collected’ n humus under balsam trees at Lake Placid, Adirondack Mountains, New York, October 3-14, 1912, W. A. & Edna L. Murrill 558 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 15. Gymnopus strictipes (Peck) Murrill. Collybia strictipes Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 41:62. 1888. Pileus thin, broadly convex or nearly plane, cespitose, 2.5-6 cm. broad; surface glabrous, sometimes slightly rugose on the disk, moist but scarcely hygrophanous, whitish or pale- yellow, paler when dry, often more deeply colored on the disk: lamellae thin, close, adnexed or almost free, white: spores ovoid or subellipsoid, pointed or subacuminate at one end, 6-7.5 X 4p° stipe glabrous, slightly mealy or pruinose at the apex, white, often with a dense, white, mycelioid tomentum at the base, equal, straight, hollow, 3-6 cm. long, 4-6 mm. thick. Tyre LocaLity: Catskill Mountains, New York. ‘Hasrrat: Among leaves or on decayed wood in woods. DIstRiBUTION: New England to the District of Columbia and west to Ohio. 16. Gymnopus virginianus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex to nearly plane, not umbonate, solitary or gregarious, 2.5-4 cm. broad; -surface dry, smooth, glabrous, not shining, pale-isabelline, margin concolorous, estriate, inflexed when young: context white, without characteristic odor, eaten by snails; lamellae sinuate- adnexed, narrow, very crowded, white, plane: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 5-6 X 3-4 p: stipe slightly tapering upward, smooth, glabrous at the apex, finely whitish-tomentose at the base, pale-reddish-brown, hollow, 5-6 cm. long, 2~4 mm. thick. Type collected in moist sandy soil in chestnut woods at Falls Church, Virginia, January 8, 1915, W.A. Murrill (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). Hasrtat: In sandy soil or among leaves in chestnut or pine woods. DIstRiBution: Vicinity of Falls Church, Virginia. 358 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLumE 9 17. Gymnopus carnosus (Curt.) Murrill. Agaricus carnosus Curt. Fl. Lond. fase. 5:71. 1777-87. Agaricus maculatus Alb. & Schw. Consp. Fung. 186. 1805. Not A. maculatus Schaeff. 1774, Agaricus (Tricholoma) Limonium Peck, Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 1:43. 1873. Collybia maculata Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 330. 1873. Pileus fleshy, firm, convex or nearly plane, 5-10 cm. broad; surface even, glabrous, white or whitish, sometimes varied with reddish spots or stains: context white; lamellae narrow, crowded, adnexed, sometimes nearly or quite free, white or whitish: spores subglobose, 4-6 un, sometimes showing a slight apiculus at one end: stipe striate, white, generally stout, firm, equal or slightly swollen in the middle, commonly narrowed at the base and praemorsely radicate, often curved at the base, rarely slightly thickened and blunt, 5-10 cm. long, 6-12 mm. thick. TYPE Locality: England. Hasitar: On the ground or on much decayed wood in woods. DIsTRIBUTION: Canada to North Carolina and west to Indiana; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Curt. Fl. Lond. fase. 5: f. 71; Hussey, Ul. Brit. Myc. 2: pl. 20; Mycologia 6: pl. 130; Sow. Engl. Fungi pl. 246. 18. Gymnopus tenuifolius Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex to plane, scarcely umbonate, very light in weight when dry, solitary or gregarious, 6-8 cm. broad; surface smooth, glabrous, hygrophanous, sordid-whitish or dull- isabelline, fuliginous on the disk because of a tendency to deliquesce, sometimes becoming entirely fuliginous on drying, margin concolorous, striate: context very thin, translucent in dried specimens; lamellae rounded behind, nearly free, distant, ventricose, very broad and exceedingly thin, pale-clay-colored, somewhat marbled when dry, becoming fuliginous in some specimens: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 6-7 X 3-44: stipe typically long, but quite short in Adirondack specimens, cylindric, hollow, smooth, glabrous, milk-white or grayish- white, usually about 8 cm. long and 1 cm. thick. Type collected in deep leaf-mold in deciduous woods in the New York Botanical Garden, July 29, 1915, W. A. Murrill (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). Hapsitat: Among leaves in woods. DistTRIBUTION: New York. 19. Gymnopus Glatfelteri Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex to subexpanded, gregarious to subcespitose, 5-8 cm. broad; surface glabrous, rivulose, white or pale-tawny, darker on the disk, which may be reddish-fulvous, margin pallid, striate when dry: context thin, white, with a tendency to deliquesce; lamellae sinuate- adnexed, broadest behind, pallid, subcrowded, with a tendency like the context to deliquesce: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 6-7 X 4-5 u: stipe very long, cylindric, equal, hollow, flexuous, becoming twisted, striate and pulverulent at the apex, slightly scurfy at the base, becoming glabrous, 10-15 em. long, about 4 mm. thick. Type collected among leaves in a deep ravine near St. Louis, Missouri, July 14, 1902, N. M Glatfelter 888 (herb. N. Y. State Mus.). DISTRIBUTION: Missouri and Ohio. 20. Gymnopus physcopodius (Mont.) Murrill. Agaricus (Collybia) physcopodius Mont. Syll. Crypt. 107. 1856. Collybia physcopodia Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 240. 1887. Pileus subfleshy, campanulate to expanded, umbonate, cespitose, 3~4 cm. broad; surface glabrous, vitelline or croceous: lamellae sinuate-adnexed, crowded, linear-lanceolate, yellowish: spores hyaline, ovoid, 5 » long: stipe smooth, not striate, concolorous, becoming brown when dry, hollow, with an ovoid, bulbous base, 2.5-4.5 em. long, 2-6 mm. thick. Typs Locauity: Columbus, Ohio. Haprrat: On the ground in woods. DistRiIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. Part 5, 1916] AGARICACEAE 359 21. Gymnopus subsulphureus (Peck) Murrill. Collybia subsulphurea Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 34: 345, 1907. Pileus fleshy but thin, somewhat tough, reviving under the influence of moisture, broadly convex, often becoming centrally depressed, cespitose, 2.5-6 cm. broad; surface glabrous, sulfur-yellow, sometimes tinged with pink or pale-tan-color at the center: context hygrophan- ous, white when dry, the odor strong, fungoid; lamellae thin, narrow, crowded, rounded behind, adnexed or nearly free, pale-sulfur-colored or whitish: spores ellipsoid, 6 X 3 uw: stipe rather long, tough, glabrous, hollow, tapering downward, smooth when moist, striate-sulcate when dry, sulfur-colored or pallid, 5-12 cm. long, 2-6 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Stockton, Kansas. Hasirat: Among fallen leaves under oak trees. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 22. Gymmnopus cremoraceus (Peck) Murrill. Agaricus (Collybia) cremoraceus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 32: 26. 1880. Agaricus (Collybia) esculentoides Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 39:39. 1887. Collybia ochroleuca Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 46: 104 (24). 1893. Pileus thin, submembranous, hemispheric or convex, wmbilicate or centrally depressed, 1.5-2.5 cm. broad; surface glabrous, dry, subsilky, pale-ochraceous, margip sometimes wavy: context white, the taste bitter; lamellae broad, subdistant, emarginate, with a decurrent tooth, whitish: spores ellipsoid, 6-7.5 X 5 yw: stipe glabrous, concolorous, slender, equal, stuffed or hollow, 2.5-5 cm. long, 2-4 mm. thick. TYPE LocaLity: Shokan, New York. HasiTatT: On the ground in sandy soil in woods. DISTRIBUTION: New York. 23. Gymnopus exsculptus (Fries) Murrill. Agaricus exsculptus Fries, Epicr. Myc. 1: 93. 1838. ?Agaricus (Collybia) luteo-olivaceus Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. III. 4: 286. 1859. Agaricus (Collybia) coloreus Peck, Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 1:46. 1873. Collybia exsculpta P. Karst. Bidr. Finl. Nat. Folk 32: 156. 1879. Agaricus (Tricholoma) rubescentifolius Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 39:38. 1887. Pileus thin, convex or nearly plane, obtuse or subumbilicate, scattered or subcespitose, 1.2-3.5 em. broad; surface subglabrous, hygrophanous, yellow or yellow tinged with red or brown becoming smoky-flavid, margin usually projecting: lamellae crowded, narrow, emar- ginate, adnexed, yellow or yellowish, changing to brownish-red in drying: spores subglobose or broadly ellipsoid, 4-5 uw: stipe equal, hollow, glabrous, sometimes slightly fibrillose or pruinose at the apex, concolorous, 2.5—5 cm. long, 2-4 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Europe. Haprrat: On decaying wood, especially of hemlock and pine. DISTRIBUTION: Maine to Washington and south to North Carolina and Ohio; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Cooke, Brit. Fungi pl. 268; Fries, Ic. Myce. 1: pl. 66, f. 3. 24. Gymnopus chrysopeplus (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Lentinus chrysopeplus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 301. 1868. Agaricus scabriusculus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Cab. 23: 85. 1872. Agaricus (Tricholoma) lacunosus Peck, Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 1:43. 1873. Omphalia scabriuscula Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 336. 1887. Collybia lacunosa Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 44: 176 (64). 1891. Pileus thin, broadly convex or expanded, 1.5-3 cm. broad; surface floccose-pulverulent, yellow, dry, shining, margin striate: lamellae usually adnate, rarely short-decurrent, inter- veined, distant, broad, white or pale-yellow: stipe equal or attenuate below, firm, minutely squamulose, concolorous, solid or stuffed, 3.5-5 cm. long, 2 mm. thick. ‘Type Locality: Cuba. Hasirat: On dead wood. 7 . DIstRIBUTION: New England to Wisconsin and southward to Cuba; perhaps also in Brazil, Port Natal, and New Caledonia. 25. Gymnopus subflavifolius Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex to expanded, becoming slightly depressed, rather thin, solitary, 6-7 cm. broad; surface smooth, glabrous, dry, ochroleucous to ochraceous, becoming striate and oJ 360 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA {VOLUME 9 brownish-discolored on the immediate margin: lamellae adnexed, crowded, narrow, more or less flavous: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 6-7 X 3-4 u: stipe equal, rather short, hollow, whitish, subglabrous, radicate, 5-7 cm. long, 4-6 mm. thick. Type collected on dead coniferous wood at Lake Placid, Adirondack Mountains, New York, July 17-29, 1912, W. A. & Edna L. Murrill 207 (berb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 26. Gymnopus rugosoceps (Atk.) Murrill. Collybia rugosoceps Atk. Jour. Myc. 8: 112. 1902. Pileus campanulate, 5 cm. broad; surface dull-smoky-yellow, darker at the center, strongly and deeply rugose: context white, thin, the odor and taste not marked; lamellae adnate, distant, broad, white: spores obovoid to stbellipsoid, smooth, white, 8-11 X 7-9: stipe furrowed, ventricose, with a short root, white, dusky at the base, spongy within, thin, hollow, with a cartilaginous rind, 8 cm. long, 1.5 cm. thick. Type Locauity: Ithaca, New York. HagrTat: On the ground in woods. DisTRIBUTION: New York. 27. Gymnopus agricola Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus small, rather tough, convex, not fully expanding, not umbonate, gregarious to slightly cespitose, 1-2 cm. broad; surface dry, smooth, glabrous, fulvous when moist, paler when dry, margin entire, not striate, stramineous, inflexed when young: context thin, white, with nutty flavor; lamellae adnexed or sinuate, subdistant, of medium breadth, watery-white: spores pip-shaped, smooth, hyaline, 5-6 X 3-4: stipe slender, tapering downward, pale- brownish above, reddish-brown below, hollow or stuffed, cartilaginous, 2-3 cm. long, 1.5-2 mm. thick. Type collected in soil among grass in an open field in the New York Botanical Garden, May 23, 1910, W..A. Murrill (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). Hasirat: Among grass or weeds in fields. DISTRIBUTION: Southern New York and New Jersey. ILLUSTRATION: Mycologia 3: pl. 40, f. 8 (as Collybidium dryophilum). , 28. Gymnopus lentinoides (Peck) Murrill. Agaricus (Collybia) lentinoides Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 32: 27. 1880. Pileus thin, convex or nearly plane, obtuse, 1.2-2.5 cm. broad; surface glabrous, hygroph- anous, reddish-brown or yellowish-red when moist, reddish-tan-colored or pale-red when dry: lamellae narrow, close, adnexed, serrate on the edges, white: spores ellipsoid, 6-7.5 X 44: stipe equal, even or slightly striate, slightly pruinose at the apex, white or whitish, rarely reddish-yellow, hollow, 3.5—-5 cm. long, about 2 mm. thick. TYPE Locatity: Montgomery County, New York. HasitaT: On damp ground in a wooded,swamp. DISTRIBUTION: Massachusetts and New York. 29. Gymnopus lachnophyllus (Berk.) Murrill. ?Agaricus cohaerens Pers. Syn. Fung. 306. 1801. Not A. cokaevens Lasch, Agaricus (Collybia) lachnophyllus Berk. Lond. Jour. Bot. 6: 312. 1847, Agaricus (Collybia) spinuliferus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 24: 62. 1872. Collybia lachnophyllus Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 203. 1887. Pileus fleshy, thin, convex or nearly plane, cespitose, 1.5-2.5 cm. broad; surface glabrous, hygrophanous, reddish-tan-colored tinged with pink when moist, paler when dry, margin slightly sttiatulate: lamellae narrow, close, rounded behind and free, pale-cinnamon-colored, spinulifer- ous: spores ellipsoid or nearly so, 6-7.5 X 4 u: stipe slender, tough, glabrous, hollow, shining and purplish-brown, often paler or whitish and subvelvety at the apex, especially in young plants, with a whitish mycelioid tomentum at the base, 4-6 cm. long, about 2 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Waynesville, Ohio. Hapsitat: On rotten pieces of wood or on the ground among dead leaves in woods. _ DistRIBUTION: Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Virginia, North Carolina, Ohio, and Michigan. 7 Part 5, 1916] AGARICACEAE 361 30. Gymmnopus tortipes Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex to subexpanded, broadly umbonate, thin, rather tough, cespitose, 1-1.5 em. broad; surface smooth, glabrous, not striate, pale-reddish-brown, darker on the disk, margin entire, concolorous, inflexed when young: lamellae sinuate, crowded, rather broad, inserted, white: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, slightly curved on one side, 6-7 X 3-4 nu: stipe slender, equal, smooth, whitish-pruinose to subglabrous, subconcolorous, hollow, much twisted on drying, 3-4 em. long, 1-2 mm. thick. Type collected at the base of a stump near Auburn, Alabama, October 12, 1900, F. S. Earle (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DistTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 31. Gymnopus velutipes (Curt.) Murrill. Agaricus velutipes Curt. Fl. Lond. fase. 4: pl. 42. 1777-87. Collybia velutipes Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 59. 1872. Pileus fleshy, rather thin, convex or nearly plane, obtuse, commonly cespitose, 2.5-5 em. broad; surface glabrous, viscid, reddish-yellow or tawny, sometimes yellow on the margin and brownish on the disk, margin often wavy or irregular, thin: lamellae broad, subdistant, rounded behind, slightly adnexed, whitish or yellowish: spores narrowly ellipsoid or oblong- ellipsoid, 7.5-9 X 4y: stipe firm, externally cartilaginous, brown or tawny-brown, paler above, densely velvety-hairy, stuffed or hollow, 2.5-5 cm. long, 2-6 mm. thick. Type LOCALITY: England. Hasttat: On decaying wood and at the base of trunks of elm, willow, and other deciduous trees. DIstRiBuTION: Eastern United States to Iowa and Kansas; Oregon; Orizaba and the Tepeite Valley in Mexico; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 51: ol. 50, f. 14, 15; Bull. U. S. Dept. Agric. 175: pl. 15, f. 3; Curt. Fl. Lond. fase. 4: pl. 42; Hard, Mushrooms f. 88; Hussey, Ill. Brit. Myc. 1: pl. 56; Lloyd, Myc. Notes 5: 41, f. 13; Mem. N. Y. State Mus. 3: pl. 47, f. 10-15; Mycologia 1: pl. 3, f. 6; Sow. Engl. Fungi $1. 384. Exsiceatt: Allesch. & Schn. Fungi Bavar. 435; Cavara, Fungi Longob. 17; Desmaz. Pl. Crypt. Fr. 525, 2154; Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 3001; Herpell, Prip. Hutpilze 19, 38; Jacz. Fungi Rossiae 235; Krieger, Fungi Sax. 484; Roum. Fungi Sel. 6169; Sacc. Myc. Ven. 1105; Westend. Herb. Crypt. Belge 1087. 32. Gymnopus tenuipes (Schw.) Murrill. Agaricus tenuipes Schw. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. IT. 4: 147. 1822. Agaricus (Dermocybe) Hilairianus Mont. Ann. Sci. Nat. II. 8: 366. 1837. Agaricus rheicoloy Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 3: 376. 1839. Agaricus (Collybia) cayennensis Mont. Ann. Sci. Nat. IV. 1: 94. 1854. Marasmius rhabarbarinus Berk. Jour. Bot. & Kew Misc. 8: 135. 1856. Marasmius amabilipes Peck, Bot. Gaz..4: 216. 1879. Agaricus cerinus Morgan, Trans. Cine. Soc. Nat. Hist. 6: 66. 1883. Not Agaricus cerinus Pers. 1801 Collybia lenuipes Sace. Syll. Fung. 5: 213. 1887. Agaricus (Collybia?) aurantiellus Speg. Fungi Guar. Pug. 16. 244. 1883. Pileus thin, subtranslucent, convex to plane or slightly depressed, solitary or gregarious, 2-5 cm. broad; surface ochraceous to yellowish-red and finely and densely tomentose when young, becoming bay or chestnut and glabrous, rugose on the disk, margin concolorous, striate, not inflexed on drying: lamellae adnate with a short tooth, of medium width, crowded, interveined, stubventricose, flavous: spores ellipsoid, smooth byaline, 5-7 X 3-4 u: stipe equal, flavous or ferruginous to brownish, densely and persistently velvety-tomentose its entire length, 4-7 cm. or more long, 2-4 mm. thick. Type LocaLity: Bethlehem, Pa. Hasirat: On dead wood. 7 . DISTRIBUTION: Ontario, New York, Pennsylvania, Missouri, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Ohio, Colorado, Florida, Cuba, Haiti, Porto Rico, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Dominica, British Honduras, Mexico, and Costa Rica; also in Venezuela, Guiana, and Brazil, 33. Gymnopus microspermus (Peck) Murrill. Lentinus microspermus Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 33: 216. 1906. Pileus fleshy, thin, somewhat irregular, convex, cespitose, 2.5-5 cm. broad; surface glabrous, reddish-brown: lamellae adnexed, close, thin, emarginate, eroded, denticulate, white, becoming creamy-yellow: spores minute, globose, hyaline or tinged with yellow, 3-4 u: stipe fleshy-fibrous, sometimes eccentric, equal, glabrous, white or whitish, hollow, 5-6 cm. long, 6-10 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Créve Coeur, Missouri. Hasrrat: On decayed wood. : Disrripution: Known only from the type locality. 362 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLumE 9 34. Gymnopus hygrophoroides (Peck) Murrill. Agaricus (Collybia) hygrophoroides Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 32:26. 1880. Collybia hygrophoroides Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 49: 51, 1897. Pileus subconic, becoming convex or nearly plane, scattered or sttbeespitose, 2.5-3.5 cm. broad; surface glabrous, hygrophanous, reddish or yellowish-red when moist, paler when dry: Jamellae broad, subdistant, rounded behind or deeply emarginate, eroded on the edges, whitish: stipe striate, whitish, equal, stuffed or hollow, 5-7.5 cm. long, 4-6 mm. thick. TYPE LocaLity: Knowersville, New York. Hasrrat: On decaying half-buried wood. DistriBution: New York and Michigan. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 12: pl. 2, f. 23-26. 35. Gymnopus acervatus (Fries) Murrill. Agaricus acervatus Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 122. 1821. Collybia acervata P. Karst. Bidr. Finl. Nat. Folk. 32: 154. 1879. Collybia simillima Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 42: 115 (19). 1889. Pileus fleshy but thin, convex or nearly plane, obtuse, densely cespitose, 2.5-5 cm. broad; surface glabrous, hygrophanous, pale-tan-color or dingy-pinkish-red when moist, paler or whitish when dry, margin commonly striatulate when moist: lamellae narrow, close, adnexed or free, whitish or tinged with flesh-color: spores ellipsoid, 6 X 3-4 u: stipe slender, rigid, hollow, glabrous, reddish, reddish-brown, or brown, often whitish at the apex, especially when young, commonly with a white mycelioid tomentum at the base, 5-7.5 cm. long, about 2 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Europe. Hasitat: On decaying wood and on the ground among fallen leaves in woods. DISTRIBUTION: New York to North Carolina and west to Ohio and Wisconsin. ILLUSTRATIONS: Cooke, Brit. Fungi pl. 267 (205); Fries, Ic. Myc. 1: pl. 64, f. 2; Hard, Mushrooms f. 87. Exsiccati: Cavara, Fungi Longob. 217. 36. Gymnopus dryophilus (Bull.) Murrill. ?Agaricus melleus Schaeff. Fung. Bavar. 4: Ind. 20. 1774. Agaricus dryophilus Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 434. 1789. Collybia dryophila Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 61. 1872. Pileus thin, convex or nearly plane, sometimes with the margin elevated, irregular, obtuse, commonly gregarious, 2.5-5 cm. broad; surface glabrous, varying in color, commonly some shade of bay-red or tan-color: context white, edible; lamellae narrow, crowded, adnexed or almost free, white or whitish, rarely yellowish: spores ellipsoid, 6-7.5 & 3-4 u: stipe glabrous, yellowish or rufescent, commonly similar in color to the pileus, equal or sometimes thickened at the base, cartilaginous, hollow, 2.5-5 cm. long, 2-4 mm. thick. TYPE LocaLity: France. HasitaT: In woods, groves, and open places. DistTRIBUTION: Greenland to Alabama and west to the Pacific coast, and in eastern Mexico; also in Europe. InLustrations: Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 434; Bull. U. S. Dept. Agric. 175: pl. . . Sia ep gric. 175: pl. 15, f. 2; Sow, Engl. Exsiccati: Clements, Crypt. Form. Colo. 355, 356; Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 2801; Herpell, Prap. Hutpilze 39; Rab. Fungi Eur. 2101; Roum. Fungi Set. 5308; Sh i ‘ Te meer Ly ‘ungi Se Shear, N. Y. Fungi 104; Sydow, 37. Gymnopus luxurians (Peck) Murrill. Collybia luxurians Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 24: 141. 1897. Collybidium luxurians Murrill, Mycologia 3: 169. 1911. Pileus convex to expanded, obtuse or umbonate, cespitose, 5-10 cm. broad; surface dry, faintly radiate-striate but not fibrillose, fulvous, with bay umbo, irregular with undulate margin: context somewhat tough but easily torn, the odor pleasant, the taste sweetish; lamellae sinuate, arcuate, rather close, narrow, crenulate, pallid, becoming discolored: spores oblong-ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 6-8 X 3-4 yu: stipe twisted, curved, slightly enlarged below, hollow, cartilaginous, pruinose, pallid above, tinged with fulvous below, 7-12 cm. long, 4-9 mim. thick. Part 5, 1916] AGARICACEAE 363 TYPE Locality: Auburn, Alabama. HasitaT: On humus or dead wood in moist, shaded places. DistRisuTION: New York, Tennessee, Alabama, and Mississippi. ILLUSTRATION: Mycologia 3: pl. 49, f. 7. 38. Gymnopus myriadophyllus (Peck) Murrill. Agaricus (Collybia) myriadophyllus Peck, Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 1:47. 1873. Collybia myriadophylia Sace. Syll. Fung. 5: 236. 1887. Pileus very thin, broadly convex, plane or centrally depressed, sometimes umbilicate, scattered or somewhat cespitose, 1.5-2.5 cm. broad; surface hygrophanous, brown when moist, pale-ochraceous or tan-colored when dry: lamellae very numerous, narrow, linear, crowded, rounded behind or slightly adnexed, brownish-lilac: spores minute, broadly ellipsoid, 3-4 X 2.5 w: stipe slender, but commonly short, equal, glabrous, stuffed or hollow, reddish- brown, 2.5—3.5 em. long, 1 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Portville, New York. HapitaT: On decaying wood and mossy humus in woods. DISTRIBUTION: New York; reported from Massachusetts, Ohio, and Wisconsin. 39. Gymnopus atratoides (Peck) Murrill. Agaricus (Collybia) atratoides Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 32: 27. 1880. Collybia atratoides Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 49:53. 1897. Pileus thin, convex, subumbilicate, gregarious or subcespitose, 1.2-2 em. broad; surface glabrous, hygrophanous, blackish-brown when moist, grayish-brown and shining when dry: lamellae rather broad, subdistant, adnate, grayish-white, often transversely veiny above and venosely connected: spores nearly globose, about 5 yw: stipe equal, hollow, glabrous, grayish- brown with a whitish mycelioid tomentum at the base, about 2.5 cm. long, 1-2 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Gansevoort, New York. Hasitat: On decaying wood and mossy sticks in woods. DISTRIBUTION: Maine and New York. 40. Gymnopus maurus (Fries) Murrill. Agaricus maurus Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 168. 1821. Omphalia maura P. Karst. Bidr. Finl. Nat. Folk 32: 127. 1879. Pileus thin, umbilicate, gregarious, 1.5-3 em. broad; surface glabrous, hygrophanous, somewhat striate, dark-avellaneous, paler when dry, margin incurved when young, entire, concolorous: lamellae adnate or slightly decurrent, crowded, ashy-white, arcuate: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 5-7 3-4 u: stipe short, rigid, subequal, smooth, glabrous, con- colorous, 2.5-5 cm. long, 1-2 mm. thick. Type LocaLity: Europe. Hastrrat: In sandy soil, usually on burnt ground or on charcoal. DISTRIBUTION: New England, New York, and west to Washington; also in Europe. ILLusrration: Fries, Ic. Myc. pl. 73, f. 2. 41. Gymnopus detersibilis (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Agaricus (Collybia) detersibilis Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. II. 12: 419. 1853. Collybia detersibilis Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 247. 1887. Pileus plane, umbilicate, gregarious to subcespitose, 12-25 mm. broad; surface glabrous, whitish to subfuliginous, margin striatulate: lamellae adnate, crowded, whitish: stipe pruinose, concolorous, fulvous at the base, contorted, compressed, dilated above, solid, 2.5 em. or more long, 2 mm. thick. Tyre Locality: South Carolina. _ Hasrrat: On grass roots in sandy soil. ; DistrrsuTion: North Carolina and South Carolina. 42. Gymnopus expallens (Peck) Murrill. Collybia expallens Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 44: 130 (18). 1891. Pileus thin, broadly convex or nearly plane, sometimes centrally depressed, 2.5-5 cm. broad; surface glabrous, hygrophanous, brownish when moist, whitish when dry, margin thin, 364 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLumE 9 striatulate when moist: context whitish when dry, the odor distinct, farinaceous; lamellae rather broad, subdistant, rounded behind, adnexed, whitish, subcinereous, or dingy-yellowish: spores broadly ellipsoid, 5 X 44: stipe short, hollow, equal or slightly thickened at the base, 2.5-3.5 em. long, about 4 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Salamanca, Cattaraugas County, New York. Hapsirat: Among fallen pine leaves in woods. : DiIstRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 43. Gymnopus ignobilis (P. Karst.) Murrill. Collybia ignobilis P. Karst. Bidr. Finl, Nat. Folk. 32: 160. 1879. Pileus slightly fleshy or membranous, slightly convex or plane with the disk slightly de- pressed, 1-2.5 cm. broad; surface glabrous, livid when moist, with a grayish reflection and the spreading margin obsoletely striatulate, grayish or pallid when dry: lamellae close, dingy or pale, emarginate: spores ellipsoid, guttulate, hyaline, 7-8 X 4 u: stipe equal, hollow, livid or pallid with a grayish or whitish, floccose pruinosity, 2.5—6 cm. long, 2-4 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Finland. : Hasitrat: On the ground in coniferous woods. . a DISTRIBUTION: New York; also in Europe. Reported from Chicago, Illinois. 44, Gymnopus atratus (Fries) Murrill. Agaricus airatus Fries, Obs. Myc. 2: 215. 1818. Collybia atrata Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 331. 1873. Pileus thin, fleshy, convex, becoming umbilicate, 2.5-5 cm. broad; surface smooth, shining, glabrous, dull-blackish-brown, brown when dry, margin inflexed when young, entire to undulate or lobed, concolorous: lamellae adnate or adnexed, many times inserted; crowded, rather broad, grayish-white: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 6 X 4: stipe short, equal, smooth, glabrous, brown within and without, hollow or stuffed, 2-3 cm. long, 2-4 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Europe. Hasitat: On dry earth among grass or bushes, often on burnt ground. DISTRIBUTION: New York to Ohio and Mexico; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Fries, Ic. Myc. ol. 70, f. 1; Hard, Mushrooms f. 83. 45. Gymnopus discipes (Clements) Murrill. Collybia discipes Clements, Bot. Surv. Neb. 4:19. 1896. Pileus subcarnose, convex, at length explanate, the umbo wide; surface grayish-drab, glabrous, even, the umbo darker, grayish-brown, margin striate: lamellae free, remote, crowded, ventricose, pale-ochraceous: spores ellipsoid or ovoid, granular within, 5~6 x 3-4 wu: stipe cartilaginous, arising from a hypogaeous disk, glabrous, shining, white, stuffed. TYPE LOCALITY: Beatrice, Nebraska. Hasirat: On damp ground. DistRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 46. Gymnopus Earleae Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus rather fleshy, convex to subexpanded, cespitose, reaching 2.5 cm. broad; surface moist, smooth, glabrous, dark-brown when young, fading with age or on drying, subzonate at times; margin estriate, incurved and whitish-tomentose when young, becoming glabrous with age: context slightly unpleasant to the taste; lamellae almost free, inserted, crowded, dark- rosy-isabelline: stipe equal or slightly tapering upward, often compressed, whitish-tomentose to subglabrous, concolorous, the base enlarged and clothed with a tuft of long, strigose, reddish- yellow hairs, 2.5-4 cm. long, 2-4 mm. thick. Type collected among pine needles, twigs, and chips on moist di : Auburn, Alabama, April 22, 1900, Mrs. F. S. Earle (herb. N.Y. Bot. Gard.) ia aden DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 47. Gymnopus fuscolilacinus (Peck) Murrill. Agaricus (Collybia) fuscolilacinus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. Stat Mus. 39: Collybia fuscolilacina Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. Siate Mus. 49: 53. “1897, Ree ane Pileus thin, convex, 8-16 mm. broad: surface glabrous, hygrophanous, even and brown when moist, lila¢-brown and rugose when dry: lamellae close, ventricose, adnexed, brownish: Part 5, 1916] AGARICACEAE 365 spores subglobose or broadly ellipsoid, 4-5 y: stipe slender, flexuous, hollow, colored like the pileus, mealy or pruinose at the apex, with a whitish villosity at the base, 3.5-7.5 em. long, about 2 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Forge, Adirondack Mountains, New York. Hazitat: Among mosses and fallen leaves in open places in woods. Distrisution: Adirondack Mountains, New York. 48. Gymnopus uniformis (Peck) Murrill. Collybia uniformis Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 50:98. 1897, Pileus thin, hemispheric or convex, cespitose, 6-12 mm. broad; surface glabrous, hygro- phanous, grayish-brown when moist, paler and pruinose when dry, margin thin, even, at first involute or strongly incurved: lamellae narrow, crowded, rounded behind, nearly free, whitish: spores minute, subglobose, 3-4 »: stipe glabrous or slightly pruinose, equal, grayish-brown, with a slight, white, mycelioid tomentum at the base, hollow, about 2.5 cm. long aud 2 mm. thick. Typ LOCALITY: Saranac Lake, New York. Hapirat: Among mosses on much decayed wood. DISTRIBUTION: New York. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 67: 1. M, f. 7-16. 49. Gymnopus pilularius (Mont.) Murrill. Agaricus (Collybia) pilularius Mont. Syll. Crypt. 108. 1856. Collybia pilularia Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 214. 1887. Pileus fleshy, hemispheric, cespitose, 12-15 X 6-8 mm.; surface smooth, brown: lamellae adnate with a decurrent tooth, broad, pale-ochraceous: spores globose, 4 4: stipe incurved, fragile, hollow, paler than the pileus, the base compressed, decurrent, flocculose, becoming striate when dry, 1~2 em. long. TYP LOCALITY: Columbus, Ohio. Hasitat: On rotten wood. DisTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 50. Gymnopus familia (Peck) Murrill.. Agaricus familia Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Cab. 23:79. 1872. Collybia familia Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 241. 1887. Pileus thin, rather fragile, convex or hemispheric, densely cespitose, 12-24 mm. broad; sutface glabrous, somewhat hygrophanous, whitish, yellowish-gray, or brownish, sometimes darker or brown on the disk: lamellae narrow, close, rounded at the inner extremity and almost free, white: spores globose, 4-5 uw: stipe slender, glabrous, minutely pruinose-pubescent under a lens, hollow, white or whitish, commonly with a white, mycelioid villosity at the base, 5-10 em. long, about 2 mm. thick. TYPE Locality: North Elba, New York. Hasrrat: On much decayed wood and prostrate trunks of hemlock trees in woods. DistRiBuTION: New York. : ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 75: pl. 84, f. 1-7; N. Marsh. Mushr. Book, facing p. 67. 51. Gymnopus Volkertii Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex to expanded, umbonate at first, often becoming depressed around the umbo, solitary, 3-4 cm. broad; surface glabrous, dry, minutely radiate-striatulate, uniformly light- brown, margin concolorous, estriate, inflexed when young, becoming uneven, cracked and upturned with age: context very thin, white, without characteristic taste or odor; lamellae adnexed, narrow, very much crowded, ventricose, white, several times inserted: spores ellipsoid, slightly pointed at one end, smooth, hyaline, 7-8.5 X 5-6 u: stipe cylindric, equal, cartilagin- ous, hollow, smooth, glabrous, polished, milk-white at the apex, subconcolorous with the pileus below, 3 cm. long, 2.5 mm. thick. Type collected on a lawn under an oak on buried dead sticks, acorns, and grass roots, near the New York Botanical Garden, July 31, 1911, E. C. Volkert (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DisTRiBution: Vicinity of New York City. . ; ILLUSTRATION: Mycologia 4: pl. 68, f. 3 (as Collybidium dryophilum). 366 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA {[VoLuME 9 52. Gymnopus fuliginellus (Peck) Murrill. Collybia fuliginella Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 40: 53. 1888. Pileus convex or nearly plane, 3.5-6 cm. broad; surface glabrous, even, fuliginous-brown, margin irregular or undulate: context white; lamellae rather narrow, close, rounded behind, adnexed or nearly free, white: spores subellipsoid, 7.5-8.7 X 5-6 u, usually containing a single large nucleus: stipe colored like the pileus or a little paler, with a white tomentum at the base, subfibrillose, equal or slightly tapering upward, 3-5 cm. long, 4-6 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Elizabethtown, Essex County, New York, : Hasrtat: Under or near arbor-vitae trees, Thuja occidentalis. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 53. Gymnopus dentatus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus conic to expanded, usually with a prominent, conic umbo, cespitose, reaching 4 cm. broad; surface dry, glabrous, striate, dull-isabelline-avellaneous, slightly darker on the disk, margin concolorous, dentate: context thin, white, somewhat tough, with a farinaceous taste; lamellae deeply depressed or sinuate, broad, ventricose, rather distant, closely interveined, whitish: spores broadly ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 7~8.5 & 6<7 uw: stipe equal or tapering upward, white and glabrous above, concolorous and whitish-tomentose below, hollow, car- tilaginous, reaching 6 cm. long and 5 mm. thick. Type collected among short grass in open ground in the New York Botanical Garden, Septem- ber 22, 1912, W. A. Murrill (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). Hasirat: On lawns. DISTRIBUTION: Vicinity of New York City. 54. Gymnopus unakensis Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex to plane, rarely becoming slightly umbilicate, gregarious, 1-2 em. broad; surface smooth, glabrous, viscid when moist, dark-brown, margin concolorous, inflexed when young: lamellae sinuate-adnexed, broad, crowded, white, becoming somewhat fulvous when bruised: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 6-7 X 4-5 uw: stipe subequal, nearly white, becoming fulvous when bruised, subglabrous, whitish-tomentose at the apex and base, 2-3 cm. long, 2-4 mm, thick. Type collected among humus and fragments of dead wood in woods at Unaka Springs, Tennessee, August 18-24, 1904, W. A. Murrill 774 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 55. Gymnopus radicatus (Relhan) Murrill. Agaricus longipes Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 232. 1784. Not A. longipes Scop. 1772. Agaricus radicatus Relhan, Fl. Cantabr. Suppl. 28. 1786. Gymnopus longipes Roussel, Fl. Calvados ed. 2. 62. 1806. Clitocybe megalospora Clements, Bot. Surv. Neb. 4:18. 1896. Pileus fleshy but thin, convex or nearly plane, sometimes somewhat umbonate, 2.5-7.5 cm. broad; surface glabrous, viscid or even glutinous when moist, often radiately wrinkled in the center, varying in color from grayish-brown to dark-brown, sometimes almost white: context white; lamellae broad, subdistant, adnexed: spores ellipsoid, with a slight, oblique apiculus at one end, I5-17.5 X 10-12.5 w: stipe long, firm, glabrous, furfuraceous in one variety, colored like or paler than the pileus, at length striate or grooved, stuffed, slightly tapering upward, ending in a long, root-like extension which penetrates the earth deeply, 10-20 cm. or more long, 4-6 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: England. Hasrrat: In woods and bushy places, generally about stumps, attached to buried roots. DisTRIBUTION: Maine to Alabama and west to Nebraska and Kansas; also in Europe. ILLusTRaTIONs: Atk. Stud, Am. Fungi f. 93; Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 232, 515+ Bull. U.S. Dept. Agric. 175: pl. 2, f. 3; Conn. State Geol. & Nat. Hist. Surv. 3: pl. 6; Hussey, Ill. Brit. Myc. 1: pl. 36; My- cologia 6: pl. 137, f. I, pl. 138; Mem. N. Y. State Mus. 3: pl. 48; Sow. Engl. Fungi ol. 48. Exsiccati: Herpell, Prép. Hutpilze 7; Rav. Fungi Am. 408; Shear, N. Y. Fungi 6. 56. Gymnopus albipilatus (Peck) Murrill. Collybia albipilata Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 49: 40. 1897. Pileus thin, convex or nearly plane, sometimes slightly depressed in the center, 8-12 mm.. broad; surface most minutely pubescent with short hyaline or whitish hairs, brown: lamellae Part 5, 1916] AGARICACEAE 367 rather broad, rather close, adnexed, minutely hairy on the edges, white: spores minute, ellip- soid, 4-5 X 2.5-3 wu: stipe slender, hollow, pallid, adorned with a thin, pulverulent pubescence of somewhat scattered, whitish hairs, terminating in a fibrillose, radicate base, 2.5-5 cm. long, scarcely 1 mm. thick. TyPE Locality: Albany County, New York. HasrtaT: On buried pine cones. DistTRIBUTION: New York. 57. Gymnopus oculus (Peck) Murrill. Agaricus oculus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Cab. 23: 84. 1872. Agaricus (Collybia) abundans Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 29: 38. 1878. ?Collybia lacerata Quél. Ench. Fung. 33. 1886. Collybia abundans Sacc. Syll. Fung.'5: 241. 1887. Omphalia oculus Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 336. 1887. Pileus thin, convex, umbilicate, often papillate, gregarious or somewhat cespitose, very abundant, 2-4 em. broad; surface innately-fibrillose, avellaneous, the disk usually darker, margin often striate or splitting: lamellae rather narrow, close, adnate, sometimes veiny, white: spores subglobose, 4-6 u: stipe furfuraceous to subglabrous, colored like or a little paler than the pileus, equal, hollow, often curved, easily splitting, 2.5-5 cm. long, 2-4 mm. thick. Type Locality: Adirondack Mountains, New York. Hasitat: On decayirig hemlock trunks. DISTRIBUTION: Maine, Vermont, New York, and Michigan. Exsiceati: Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 1201; Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 3502. 58. Gymnopus alcalinolens (Peck) Murrill. Collybia alcalinolens Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 12: 6. 1887. Pileus thin, subconic, convex, or nearly plane, gregarious, 1.5-3.5 cm. broad; surface glabrous or slightly silky-fibrillose, hygrophanous, dark-brown and sometimes striatulate on the margin when moist, grayish-brown or cinereous when dry, shining: context white, the odor strong, alkaline; lamellae broad, subdistant, deeply emarginate or adnexed, with a slight decurrent tooth, somewhat ventricose, whitish: spores broadly ellipsoid, 7.5-8.7 X 5-6 u: stipe shining, glabrous, slightly pruinose at the apex, whitish, hollow, 2.5-5 cm. long, 2-6 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Sandlake, New York. Haaitat: In thin woods and bushy or grassy places. DIstriBuTION: New York and New England. 59. Gymnopus platyphyllus (Pers.) Murrill. Aes platyphyllus Pers. Obs. Myc. 1:47. 1796. Agaricus repens Fries, Obs. Myc. 1: 14. 1815. Collybia platyphylla Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 57. 1872. Agaricus (Tricholoma) praefoliatus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 32:55. 1880. Pileus fleshy but thin and fragile, convex, becoming flattened, obtuse, 7.5-10 cm. broad; surface moist in wet weather, more or less streaked with fibrils, commonly grayish-brown but varying from whitish to dark-brown, sometimes with the disk darker than the margin: lamellae broad, adnexed, usually deeply emarginate or obliquely truncately notched next to the stipe, white: spores broadly ellipsoid, 7.5-10X 6-7 uw: stipe stout, fleshy, equal, striate or fibrillose- striate, stuffed or hollow, white or whitish, blunt at the base or praemorsely radicate, 7.5-10 em. long, 8-16 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Europe. Hasitat: On much Hoes wood on the ground about old stumps and logs in woods or their borders. DISTRIBUTION: Canada to Alabama and west to Iowa; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 594 (as A. erammocephalus); Bull. U. S. Dept. Agric. 175: oe _f. 1; Cooke, Brit. Fungi pl. 128 (183); Mem. N. Y. State Mus. 3: pl. 49; Mycologia 7: pl. 158, 60. Gymnopus trullisatus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus small, rather tough, convex, depressed at the center, gregarious, 1-1.5 cm. broad; surface glabrous, moist, nearly white, somewhat striate, margin entire, incurved when young: 368 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 9 lamellae adnate, crowded, rather narrow, white: spores subglobose, smooth, hyaline, 3.5 yu: stipe equal, slender, smooth, glabrous, pale-fulvous, cartilaginous, 2.5 cm. long, 1-2 mm. thick, with a root 2.5 cm. long, densely covered with mycelium to which a mass of earth clings. Type collected in soil in woods at Seattle, Washington, October 20-November 1, 1911, W. A. Murrill 439 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Washington. 61. Gymnopus albogriseus (Peck) Murrill. Collybia albogrisea Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 22: 199. 1895. Collybia fimicola Earle, Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 3: 298. 1904. Pileus fleshy, thin, convex or nearly plane, often cespitose and somewhat irregular, about 2.5 em. broad; surface glabrous, whitish or grayish: context white; lamellae broad, distant, adnate, white or whitish, the interspaces often venose: spores broadly ellipsoid, 5-6 x 4 yn: stipe nearly equal, hollow, sometimes twisted, whitish or grayish, the lower part covered with a dense, whitish or yellowish tomentum, the upper part naked or merely whitish-pruinose, 3-5 em. long, 2-4 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Pasadena, California. Hasrrat: Among fallen leaves. DistaiBurtion: California, 62. Gymnopus cremeimelleus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus rather small, convex, becoming umbilicate, gregarious, 1.5-2 cm. broad; surface smooth, dry, glabrous, cremeous-melleous, margin entire, concolorous, incurved when young: lamellae broad, adnate, subdistant, white: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline; 7-8 X 5 p: stipe enlarged at the apex, smooth, glabrous, cartilaginous, concolorous at the apex, umbrinous at the base, at least when dry, 3-4 cm. long, 1.5 mm. thick. ‘ Type collected in rich soil in woods near Seattle, Washington, October 20-November 1, 1911, W.A. Murriil 497 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Washington. 63. Gymnopus fulvidiscus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus rather small, somewhat tough, broadly convex, gibbous, solitary, 1.5-2 em. broad; surface glabrous, slightly radiate-rugose, somewhat viscid when moist, isabelline, fulvous on the umbo, margin entire, concolorous, inflexed when young: lamellae adnexed, attenuate behind, comparatively broad in front, crowded, white: spores ellipsoid, pointed at one end, smooth, hyaline, 5-6 X 3-4 uw: stipe slender, equal, compressed, becoming twisted on drying, cartilaginous, minutely priinose at the apex, pale-reddish-brown, 4 cm. long, 1-2 mm. thick. ‘Type collected in leaf-mold in a redwood forest at Preston’s Ravine, near Palo Alto, California, November 25, 1911, W. A. Murrill & L. R. Abrams 1215 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DIsTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 64. Gymnopus denticulatus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus at first convex, soon becoming umbilicate, rather firm and tough, cespitose, 2.5-6 em. broad; surface smooth, glabrous, striate, dry, avellaneous-isabelline when young, becoming isabelline with age: lamellae sinuate, crowded, broad, denticulate on the edges, white: spores subglobose, smooth, hyaline, 3.5-4 wu: stipe tough, cylindric, equal, hollow, whitish-pruinose to subglabrous, pallid, 4 cm. long, 4 mm. thick. Type collected on a decayed mossy trunk in woods near Seattle, Washington, October 20- November 1, 1911, W. A. Murrill 621 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DistRIBUTION: Vicinity of Seattle, Washington. 65. Gymnopus subrugosus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus rather tough, convex, solitary, 3 em. broad ; surface glabrous, rugose, ochraceous- isabelline, margin paler, sterile, incurved when young: lamellae adnate, broad, not crowded, white: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 6-7 x 3-4 u: stipe cylindric, equal, cartilaginous, hollow, smooth, glabrous, pale-bay, 6 em. long, 4 mm. thick. ee. in woods at Mill City, Oregon, November 9, 1911, W. A. Murrill 874 (herb. DistriputTion: Known only from the type locality, Part 5, 1916] AGARICACEAE 369 66. Gymnopus umbonatus (Peck) Murrill. Collybia umbonata Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 178. 1904. Pileus thin, conic, becoming convex or nearly plane with the margin deflexed, prominently umbonate, 2-10 cm. broad; surface glabrous, isabelline to bay-red or chestnut-colored, some- times darker at the center than on the margin: lamellae numerous, subdistant, narrowed toward the stipe, nearly free, whitish: spores minute, ellipsoid, 6-8 X 4-5 u: stipe rather long, glabrous, equal or slightly tapering upward, hollow, radicate, concolorous or a little paler, 5-30 em. long, 4-12 mm. thick. TYPE LocaALity: California. Hasrrar: On and about old stumps in woods. DistRIBUTION: Washington, Oregon, and California. 67. Gymnopus badiialbus Murrill, sp.-nov. Pileus rather large, somewhat tough, broadly convex to nearly plane, with a distinct, conic umbo, gregarious, 3-5 cm. broad; surface smooth, glabrous, moist but not viscid, bay, margin entire, incurved when young: lamellae adnate, very much crowded, narrow, white: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, minute, about 4: stipe rather short and thick, enlarged below, smooth, glabrous, pallid, hollow, inclined to be somewhat fleshy, 4-5 cm. long, 5-8 mm. thick. Type collected on a much decayed log in woods near Seattle, Washington, October 20-Novem- ber 1, 1911, W. A. Murrill 611 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 68. Gymnopus avellaneidiscus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus rather tough, convex to expanded, cespitose, reaching 3.5 cm. broad; surface dry, smooth, glabrous, pale-fulvous, avellaneous on the rounded umbo: lamellae adnate, very much crowded, rather narrow, subventricose, white: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 6-7 yw: stipe short, often compressed, smooth, subglabrous, pallid, 2-2.5 em. long, 3-4 mm. thick. Type collected in rich soil in woods near Seattle, Washington, October 20~November 1, 1911, W. A. Murrill 438 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 69. Gymnopus sublatericius Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus rather tough, nearly plane, not umbonate, solitary, 2-3 cm. broad; surface dry, glabrous, uneven, pale-latericeous or subfulvous: lamellae adnate with a slight decurrent tooth, cream-colored, crowded: spores subglobose, slightly apiculate at one end, smooth, hyaline, 6-7 » long: stipe smooth, glabrous, concolorous, cylindric, cartilaginous, hollow, 4 cm. long, 4 mm. thick. Type collected in woods at Glen Brook, Oregon, November 7, 1911, W. A, Murrill 773 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). : . DIstRiBvution: Known only from the type locality. 70. Gymnopus fulvipes Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex to expanded, rather thin and tough, usually solitary, 1-3 em. broad; surface moist but not viscid, smooth, glabrous, fulvous-ferruginous to latericeous, margin entire, concolorous or slightly paler, inflexed when young: lamellae adnate, distant, of medium breadth, interveined, white: stipe long, slender, equal or slightly tapering upward, cartilagin- ous, hollow, fulvous-ferruginous or pale-bay, clothed for its entire length with a fulvous tomentum, which is scanty at the apex and increases toward the base, 6-8 cm. long, 2-5 mm. thick. Type collected among humus on the ground in coniferous woods at Mill City, Oregon, November 9, 1911, W. A. Murrill 808 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). . DISTRIBUTION: Washington, Oregon, and California. 71. Gymnopus avellaneigriseus Murrill, sp. nov. _ Pileus rather small, convex, broadly umbonate, gregarious, 2-2.5 cm. broad; surface smooth, glabrous, shining, avellaneous, margin concolorous, entire, incurved when young: 370 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuUME 9 lamellae adnate to sinuate, broad, subdistant, grayish-white: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 7-9 X 4-5 4: stipe long and slender, cylindric, smooth, glabrous, hollow, whitish-flocculent at the apex, 5 cm. long, 3 mm. thick. Type collected in rich soil in woods near Seattle, Washington, October 20-November 1, 1911, W. A. Murvill 655 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). . DIstRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 72. Gymnopus griseifolius Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex, broadly umbonate, rather tough, solitary, 3 cm. broad; surface smooth, glabrous, moist, estriate, fuliginous, blackish on the umbo, margin somewhat paler, incurved when young, splitting with age: lamellae sinuate, very broad, especially near the margin, tapering inward, distant, griseous: spores ovoid or broadly ellipsoid, not angular, smooth, hyaline, copious, 7-9 X 4-6 4: stipe tough, short, cylindric, hollow, smooth, glabrous, finely pruinose at the apex, griseous above, fuliginous below, 2 cm. long, 5 mm. thick. Type collected on an old oak log at Glen Brook, Oregon, November 7, 1911, W. A. Murrill 755 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DistTRIBuTION: Known only from the type locality. 73. Gymnopus musicola Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus thin, subfleshy, convex to expanded, gregarious, 1-1.5 cm. broad; surface white, smooth, minutely silky, subhygrophanous, margin entire, not striate: lamellae adnexed, crowded, narrow, white: spores not found: stipe cylindric, smooth, glabrous, white, tubular, stuffed, 2-3 cm. long, 1 mm. thick. Type collected on banana trash at Santiago de las Vegas, Cuba, September 8, 1904, F. S. Earle 173 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DisrRiIBution: Known only from the type locality. 74. Gymnopus Boryanus (Mont.) Murrill. Agaricus (Collybia) Boryanus Berk. & Mont. Ann. Sci. Nat. IIT. 11: 235. 1849. Collybia Boryana Sacc. Syil. Fung. 5: 240. 1887. Pileus rather thin and tough, convex to plane, becoming depressed at the center, gre- garious, 5-8 cm. broad; surface pure-white, glabrous, smooth, margin concolorous, undulate, inflexed when young: context thin, white, edible; lamellae very narrow, crowded, white, sinuate to nearly free, separating from the stipe with age: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 4-6 X 3-4 u: stipe equal or enlarged at the apex, cartilaginous, solid, isabelline to testaceous, blackish at the base, rough with scales pointing upward, 3 em. long, 3-4 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Bahia, Brazil. HasiraT: On dead trunks. Disrrisution: Cuba, Jamaica, Dominica, and British Honduras; also in Brazil. 75. Gymnopus albidulus (Pat.) Murrill. Collybia albidula Pat. in Duss, Enum. Champ. Guad. 49. 1903. Pileus fleshy, convex, orbicular, more or less sinuate, 4-8 cm. broad; surface white or reddish, glabrous, smooth: lamellae soft, unequal, adnate, broad, white: spores ovoid, hyaline, smooth, 8-10 X 5-6 u: stipe central, tough, cylindric, inflated at the base, glabrous, 5 em. long. TYPE LOCALITY: Guadeloupe. Hasirat: On dead wood. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 76. Gymnopus orizabensis Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex, gibbous, gregarious, 2 cm. broad; surface smooth, dry, glabrots, white, pale-yellowish at the center, the margin somewhat irregular, white: lamellae adnate, crowded, natrow, white: spores globose or subglobose, smooth, hyaline, 3-4 p: stipe equal, compressed, smooth, glabrous, whitish with a reddish-brown tint, 1.5 cm. long, 2 mm. thick. Type collected on a fallen dead banana leaf in an orchard at Ori i 14. 1910, W. A. & Edna L. Murrill 816 (herb. N. V. Bot. Gard). Mearns eoUeey th DisTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. Part 5, 1916] AGARICACEAE 371 77. Gymnopus oculatus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus thin, rather tough, convex to plane, slightly umbonate, gregarious or cespitose, reaching 3 cm. broad; surface dry, glabrous, striate, white, latericeous on the disk: lamellae nearly free, narrow, crowded, stramineous: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 4-6 & 2.5-3.5 u: stipe cylindric, equal, slender, tough, hollow, pale-avellaneous-isabelline, whitish-pruinose, about 6 cm. long, 2 mm. thick. Type collected on decayed wood in woods at Troy & Tyre, Cockpit Country, Jamaica, January 12-14, 1909. W.A. Murrill & W. Herris 1022 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DIsTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 78. Gymnopus marasmiiformis Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus rather tough, convex, gregarious, 5~10 mm. broad; surface pale-ochraceous, silky- pruinose to glabrous, smooth, dry: lameilae adnate, narrow, yellowish, crowded: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 2.5—4 yw: stipe cylindric, slightly tapering upward, smooth, densely whitish- pruinose, 2-3 cm. long, about 1 mm. thick. Type collected on dead wood at Castleton, Jamaica, October 28, 1902, F. S. Earle 254 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DisTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 79. Gymnopus domesticus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex to nearly plane, 1-3 cm. broad; surface dry, subglabrous, dark-ochraceous, margin even, not silky: context slightly brownish, mild, subaromatic; lamellae heterophyllous and furcate, adnate, subcrowded, rather thick, narrow, slightly ventricose, white to pale- brown: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 6 X 44: stipe cylindric, white, solid, pruinose above, subglabrous below, 1-2 cm. long, 3-4 mm. thick. Type collected on manured garden beds at Hope Gardens, Jamaica, October 23, 1902, F. S. Earle 31 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DIstRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 80. Gymnopus monticola Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus rather thick and tough, convex, broadly umbonate or nearly plane, becoming de- pressed around the disk, gregarious, 5 cm. broad; surface smooth, glabrous, becoming some- what striate, pale-isabelline, pale-latericeous on the disk, margin pallid, irregular, becoming upturned and splitting with age: lamellae adnate or sinuate, broad, distant, white to yellowish, latericeous with age: spores ovoid, slightly roughened, hyaline, 7.5-8.5 X 5 yu: stipe enlarged above and below, tough, whitish-pulverulent, cremeous at the apex, latericeous near the base, 5 cm. long, 5 mm. thick. Type collected on an old log across the trail on Sir John Peak, Jamaica, 1800 m., January 5, 1909, W. A. Murvill 809 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DistRrpuTion: Known only from the type locality. 81. Gymnopus nigritiformis Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus thin, convex, cespitose, about 1 cm. broad; surface dry, smooth, glabrous, fulvous, becoming fuliginous on drying: lamellae adnexed, subcrowded, narrow, white, scarcely chang- ing on drying: spores ovoid, pointed at one end, slightly curved, smooth, hyaline, 5 X 3 u: stipe slender, cylindric, equal, smooth, subglabrous, dull-rosy-isabelline, 2-3 cm. long, 1.5-2 mm. thick. Type collected on the ground in humus under tree ferns at Morce’s Gap, Jamaica, 1500 m. ae December 29, 30, January 2, 1908-9, W. A. & Edna L. Murrill 746 (herb. N. Y. Bot. ard.). DIstRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 82. Gymnopus densifolius Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus very convex, not expanding, more or less eccentric, very thin, gregarious to sub- cespitose, 1—1.5 em. broad; surface pruinose to glabrous, smooth, hygrophanous, fulvous, margin inflexed when young, concolorous, estriate, splitting with age, often discolored on 372 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 drying: lamellae adnexed, extremely narrow and extremely crowded, white: spores globose to subglobose, smooth, hyaline, 4-5 yz: stipe cylindric, equal, very short, often eccentric, pruinose, _ especially above, pallid, spongy within, 1 cm. long, 2 mm. thick. Type collected on a much decayed stump at Port Antonio, Jamaica, November 23, 1902, F. S. Earle 578 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). : DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 83. Gymnopus fimetarius Murrill, sp. ‘nov. Pileus thin and rather fragile, convex to expanded, becoming depressed at times, gregarious to subcespitose, reaching 1.5 cm. broad; surface glabrous, striate, fulvous, hygrophanous, margin concolorous or paler, splitting with age: lamellae adnate, crowded, narrow, brown: spores ellipsoid or ovoid, smooth, hyaline, 7 X 4 yu: stipe equal, smooth, glabrous, grayish- white, hollow, 2 cm. long, about 2 mm. thick. Type collected on horse manure in an opening on the bank of a stream in a dense virgin forest near Jalapa, Mexico, 1500 m. elevation, December 12-20, 1909, W. A. & Edna L. Murrill 124 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Eastern Mexico. 84. Gymnopus cyanocephalus (Pat.) Murrill. Collybia cyanocephala Pat. Bull. Soc. Myc. 18:171. 1902, Pileus fleshy, convex, orbicular, 2~8 cm. broad; surface glabrous, polished, deep-azure- blue: lamellae mixed with short ones, adnate, slightly crowded, broad, concolorous, but darker: spores hyaline, subglobose, 6 X 5x: stipe central, cylindric, glabrous, shining, white, bluish at the apex, solid, tough, 5-7 em. long. TYPE LOCALITY: Guadeloupe. Hasitat: On soil. DisTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 85. Gymnopus cinchonensis Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus expanded, soniewhat depressed at the center, rather thick and fleshy, solitary to gregarious, reaching 3 cm. broad and 7 mm. thick; surface dry, smooth, glabrous, avellaneous, darker at the center; margin regular, concolorous, becoming somewhat upturned, not striate: lamellae nearly free, white, crowded, ventricose: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 7-9 X 4-5 w: stipe cylindric, equal, smooth, glabrous, pale-avellaneous or nearly white, 2.5-4 em. long, 3-4 mm. thick. Type collected in rich soil in woods at Cinchona, Jamaica, 1500 m. elevation, December 25- January 8, 1908-9, W. A. & Edna L. Murrill 634 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 86. Gymnopus subnivulosus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex, gregarious, reaching 2 cm. broad; surface smooth, glabrous, avellaneous with a rosy tint, the margin entire, hygrophanous, striate: lamellae adnate, crowded, rather broad, white: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 7-8 X 4-5 u: stipe slender, slightly tapering upward, reddish-brown, scabrous, 3-4 cm. long, 2-3 mm. thick. Type collected on decaying cocoanut husks in a cocoanut plantation between Port Antonio and Manchioneal, Jamaica, December 17, 1908, W. A. Murrill 229 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard), DisTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 87. Gymnopus subavellaneus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus fleshy, firm, convex, solitary, 1.5 cm. broad, 7 mm. high; surface smooth, glabrous, pale-avellaneous, becoming brownish when bruised, margin thin, entire, concolorous, incurved: lamellae adnate with a decurrent tooth, rather narrow, subdistant, pale-murinous, almost griseous: spores broadly ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, granular, 6-7.5 » long: stipe cylindric, equal, thick, smooth, glabrous, ashy-white with a murinous tint, 3.5 cm. long, 5 mm. thick. Type collected on a wet, shaded bank at Cinchona, Jamaica, about 1500 m. elevation, December 25~January 8, 1908-9, W. A. & Edna L. Murrill 413 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). : DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. Part 5, 1916] AGARICACEAE 373 88. Gymnopus nigrita (Berk. & Curt.) Murtrill. Agaricus (Collybia) nigrita Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 285. 1868. Collybia nigrita Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 225. 1887. Collybia irrorata Pat. in Duss, Enum. Champ. Guad. 49. 1903. Pileus hemispheric with a slight umbo, very concave below, gregarious or cespitose, 1.5-2.5 cm. broad, 7 mm. high; surface pulverulent to glabrous, rugose at times, hygrophanous, grayish-white to fuliginous, blackening on drying, margin entire, concolorous, incurved when young: lamellae adnate, narrow, crowded, dull-grayish-white, blackening on drying: spores broadly ellipsoid or subglobose, smooth, hyaline, 5-6 X 4.5-5.5 u: stipe cylindric, equal, fibrillose, concolorous, 4-5 em. long, 1-2 mm. thick. TYPE Locality: Cuba. Hasirat: On dead wood. DISTRIBUTION: Cuba, Jamaica (to 900 m.), Grenada, Guadeloupe, and eastern Mexico. 89, Gymnopus roseilividus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex-hemispheric, with a slight rounded umbo, solitary, 12 mm. broad; surface smooth, glabrous, hygrophanous, rosy-livid, margin undulate, somewhat darker, not striate: lamellae adnate, arcuate, rather broad, distant, grayish-white: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 5 X 3y: stipe tapering upward, tough, smooth, glabrous, concolorous, 2 cm. long, 1 mm. thick at the apex, 2 mm. at the base. Type collected on a dead fallen stick under trees at Orizaba, Mexico, 1200 m. elevation, January 10-14, 1910, W. A. & Edna L. Murrill 810 (berb. N. VY. Bot. Gard.). DiIsTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 90. Gymnopus xuchilensis Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus conic to convex, not expanding, solitary, 7 mm. broad; surface smooth, glabrous, latericeous, margin slightly irregular, concolorous: lamellae adnexed, crowded, rather broad, stramineous: stipe slightly tapering upward, smooth, glabrous, amber-colored, whitish-myce- lioid at the base, 1 cm. long, 1-1.5 mm. thick. Type collected on decayed wood in a coffee plantation at Xuchiles, near Cordoba, Mexico, 400-600 m. elevation, January 17, 1910, W. A. & Edna L. Murrill 1135 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DistTrRIBurIon: Known only from the type locality. 91. Gymnopus jamaicensis Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex, subcespitose, reaching 3 cm. broad; surface moist, glabrous, dark-reddish- brown, becoming paler on drying, margin entire, concolorous, faintly striate: context thin, whitish, the taste mild; lamellae adnexed, narrow, crowded, pallid: stipe- cylindric, equal, pruinose to glabrous, pallid, hollow, 4-6 cm. long, 3 mm. thick. Type collected on an ants’ nest at Castleton, Jamaica, October 28, 1902, F. S. Earle 221 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). i DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 92. Gymnopus subflavescens Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex to expanded, gregarious, 1-2 cm. broad; surface white, with a floccose, subseparable pellicle, becoming yellow on drying, margin entire, striate: lamellae adnate, crowded, rather narrow, white, becoming yellowish: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 3-4.5 u: stipe cylindric, very slender, white, pruinose to glabrous, 2-3 cm. long, 1 mm. thick. Type collected on dead wood at Castleton, Jamaica, October 28, 1902, F. S. Earle 255 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DistRIBUTION: Jamaica, at low elevations. 93. Gymnopus setulosus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus irregularly conic to convex, truncate, solitary, 16 mm. broad and 6 mm. high; surface uneven, rugose, dry, fuliginous, isabelline on the disk, entirely and thickly beset with minute, white or brownish bristles, margin undulate, slightly incurved, concolorous: lamellae adnate to a collar, distant, rather broad, pure-white: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, granular, 374 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 9 7-11 p: stipe compressed, isabelline, with a dense coat of minute brown fibrils, hollow, tough, enlarged and radicate at the base as in Gymnopus radicatus, 5 cm. long, 2-3 mm. thick. Type collected in clay on a wet, mossy bank at Cinchona, Jamaica, about 1500 m. elevation, December 25—-January 8, 1908-9, W. A. & Edna L. Murrill 632 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DistRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. DouBTFUL AND EXCLUDED SPECIES Agaricus (Gymnopus) leiopus Pers. Disp. Meth. Fung. 21. 1797. Simply reported from North Carolina by Schweinitz. Agaricus (Collybia) praeceps Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. IT]. 4: 285. 1859. Described from specimens collected in New England by Sprague, who sent notes and a sketch with them to Berkeley. The types at Kew are large, depressed when old, and very slightly striate, resembling G. dryophilus, although the stipe is rather long for this species. Agaricus (Collybia) semihaerens Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ITT. 4: 286. 1859. Described from specimens collected by Wright on dead wood in Connecticut. Some of those sent to Fries appeared to me to belong rather to Pleurofus. The types at Kew are small and slender like Mycena or Marasmius, the pileus meastiring 5-8 mm. broad in a dried condition. Agaricus (Collybia) Spraguett Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. III. 4: 285. 1859. Described from specimens collected on rotten logs in New England by Sprague. I have seen one poor specimen in Fries’s herbarium at Upsala. Agaricus (Collybia) stereocephalus Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ITI. 4: 285. 1859. Described from specimens collected among spruce needles in New England by Sprague. The types at Kew are in bad shape, but appear to belong to Melanoleuca. Agaricus (Gymnopus) trichopus of Schw. Schr. Nat. Ges. Leipzig 1: 82. 1822. Reported from North Carolina by Schweinitz and referred by most mycologists to Collybia butvracea. It is probably a form of G. dryophilus. Agaricus (Collybia) xanthopilus Mont. Syll. Crypt. 106. 1856. Described from speci- mens collected on rotten wood in fields near Columbus, Ohio. The types at Paris, which are in rather poor condition, seem near G. dryophilus. Collybia aquosa adnatifolia Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 2: 25. 1887. Peck states in his 49th report that this variety is probably a Clitocybe. Collybia asema (Fries) P. Karst. Bidr. Finl. Nat. Folk 32: 145. 1879. Reported from North Carolina and Massachusetts, occurring in pine woods. Compare Agaricus leiopus Schw. Collybia brunnescens Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 33: 214. 1906. Described from specimens collected by Mrs. Hunt in California. The types at Albany prove to be Melanoleuca melaleuca. Collybia butyracea (Bull.) Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 58. 1872. Described from France and reported by the older mycologists as occurring in America from Canada to South Carolina and west to Ohio. Peck reports it common in groves of spruce and balsam at North Elba. Rea remarks that Lloyd’s photograph representing this species does not suggest C. butyracea to him. Dodge reports a form of G. dryophilus from Wisconsin which might be called C. butyracea. Collybia campanella Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 116: 19. 1907. Described from specimens collected on dead branches of arbor-vitae at Horicon, New York. This species belongs in Crinipellis. Collybia cirrata (Pers.) Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 60. 1872. (Agaricus cirrhatus Pers. Obs. Myc. 2:53. 1799.) Although this species is kept distinct from C. tuberosa by Bambeke, Ricken, and others, I must confess my inability to see the difference, either in the descriptions or in herbar- ium specimens. Persoon reduced his own species to varietal rank, and Molisch found that the mycelium of both was phosphorescent when the hymenophore was developing from the tuber, which latter is said by some to be ochraceous in C. cirrata and brownish-purple in C. tuberosa. I have found tubers on Lactaria turpis, the favorite host of C. tuberosa, colored purplish-brown like poplar buds, while tubers buried deep in soil rich in humus were much paler. Collybia clavus (L.) Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 63. 1872. Reported as occurring on mosses in North Carolina and Massachusetts. Collybia clusilis (Fries) P. Karst. Bidr. Finl. Nat. Folk 32: 164. 1879. Reported from New York by Peck and said by him to belong in the genus Omphalia. Part 6, 1916] AGARICACEAE 375 Collybia collina (Scop.) Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 61. 1872. Reported from North Caro- ina and Wisconsin, but probably confused with G. dryophilus. Collybia confluens (Pers.) Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 59. 1872. See Marasmius confluens (Pers.) Ricken. Collybia conigena (Pers.) Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 60. -1872. (Agaricus conigenus Pers. Syn. Fung. 388. 1801.) Reported as occurring on fallen pine cones in Massachusetts, New Jersey, and North Carolina. It seems near Gymnopus albipilatus. A. conigenus Fries is a different plant. Collybia Dorotheae (Berk.) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 219, 1887. (Agaricus (Collybia) Doro- theae Berk. Grevillea 1: 88. 1872.) Described from specimens collected in a hothouse in England on a dead fern stem from Jamaica. There are seven good hymenophores at Kew, which resemble Omphalopsis euspeirea, but the lamellae are rather narrow and the stipes much longer. ‘This species cannot be definitely considered as American, since it may have originated from other plants in the hothouse growing in almost any part of the tropical world. Collybia esculenta (Wulfen) Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 62. 1872. Reported a few times from North America. Collybia estensis Morgan, Jour. Cinc. Soc. Nat. Hist. 6: 71. 1883. Described from the Miami Valley, Ohio, occurring there among leaves. It cannot be far from G. strictipes. Collybia fusipes (Bull.) Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 57. 1872. Reported from Massachu- setts, West Virginia, and a few other states by the older mycologists, but I have been unable to connect any American specimens with typical specimens collected in England and elsewhere in Europe. Dodge has recently reported it from Wisconsin. Collybia Hariolorum (Bull.) Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 59. 1872. Reported a few times from the eastern United States. Bambeke considers it the same as Marasmius confluens. Collybia hirticeps Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 34: 98. 1907. Specimens collected by Burn- ham in 1908 prove to be Crinipellis sonata (Peck) Pat. Collybia laxipes (Fries) Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 330. 1873. Recently reported from Wisconsin by Dodge as occurring there commonly in July. Collybia loripes (Fries) P. Karst. Bidr. Finl. Nat. Folk 32: 142. 1879. Reported a few times from North America and generally considered synonymous with C. asema and A. leiopus. Collybia Micheliana (Fries) Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 217. 1872. Reported by Fries once from the West Indies and once from Costa Rica, occurring on grass roots or moist earth. Collybia murina (Batsch) Quél. Ench. Fung. 33. 1886. (Agaricus murinus Batsch, Elench. Fung. 79. 1783.) Specimens at Albany collected by Peck at North Elba prove to be the gray form of Vaginata plumbea. Collybia nivulosa Berk. & Curt. This appears to be a manuscript name used in the Kew herbarium to designate several plants collected on decayed wood in Cuba by Wright and numbered 111. In Hedwigia in 1896, Hennings reports Collybia nivosula Berk. from Victoria. It may be that he had a specimen of Cuban fungi distributed from Wright’s collections which bore this manuscript name and he considered the Victoria specimens the same as those from Cuba. Collybia ramosa (Bull.) P. Karst. Bidr. Finl. Nat. Folk 32: 147. 1879. Reported twice from the West Indies by Fries, but probably mot an American species. ' Collybia siticulosa Banning & Peck; Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 44: 181 (69). 1891. Described from specimens collected by Miss Banning at Baltimore, Maryland. Not seen at Albany, and the description is very meager. Collybia subdryophila Atk. Ann. Myc. 7: 367. 1909. Not C. subdryophila P. Henn. 1901. Described from specimens collected in woods at Chapel Hill, North Carolina, by W. C. Coker. Types not seen. Collybia subrigua Banning & Peck; Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 44: 181 (69). 1891. Described from specimens collected on the ground in Carroll County, Maryland. Not seen at Albany. Apparently near G. fuliginellus (Peck) Murrill. Collybia tenacella (Pers.) Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 62. 1872. Reported from Massa- chusetts and the Carolinas. It is probably the same as the European species C. stolonifer Fries. Compare Collybia cirrata. 376 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 9 Collybia umbrina Clements, Bot. Surv. Neb. 4: 19. 1896. I have not seen the types. Collybia velutina Clements, Bot. Surv. Neb. 4: 19. 1896. Described from specimens collected on decaying logs at Bellevue, Nebraska. I have not seen the types; but the descrip- tion reads like that of Collybia tenuipes. Collybia ? ventricosa (Bull.) Quél. Ench. Fung. 30. 1886. Reported from North Caro- lina by Curtis, but probably not an American species. Marasmius aculeatus Pat. Bull. Soc. Myc. Fr. 16: 175. 1901. Described from Guade- loupe and very similar to G. chrysopeplus, but said to grow in soil and to have only about ten lamellae. When examining Patouillard’s collection, I stated in my notes that his M. aculeatus was probably the same as G. chrysopeplus and Patouillard himself had already stated that it was the same as Pleurotus aureotomentosus Kalchbr., described from Port Natalin 1881. Later, when examining specimens of G. chrysopeplus with Bresadola, he claimed that they were not distinct from P. aureotomentosus. G. chrysopeplus is a peculiar plant and might easily be assigned to Marasmius or Omphalia, but hardly to Pleurotus. Panus Sullivantti Mont. Syll. Crypt. 149. 1856. Described from specimens collected on rotten wood among leaves near Columbus, Ohio. There are four plants at Paris which grew in a cluster on dead wood. I find in my notes that they “might possibly be a young stage of Lentinus caespitosus or Collybia, but are certainly not Panus.” 37. HYDROCYBE P. Karst. Bidr. Finl. Nat. Folk 32: 233. 1879. Hygrophorus § Hygrocybe Fries, Epicr. Myc. 329. 1838. Hygrocybe Fayod, Ann. Sci. Nat. VII. 9: 307. 1889. Godfrinia Maire, Rech. Cyt. Tax. Basid. 116. 1902. Fleshy, thin, fragile, putrescent, solitary or gregarious, rarely cespitose; surface viscid, usually bright-colored: lamellae waxy, fragile, usually bright-colored, decurrent or adnexed: spores hyaline: stipe central, fleshy, fragile, usually hollow: veil none. Type species, Hydrocybe sciophana (Fries) P. Karst. I, SPECIES OCCURRING IN TEMPERATE NorTH AMERICA, EXCEPT THOSE CONFINED TO THE PaciFic coast Pileus white. Pileus 1-2.5 em. broad. Stipe 2 cm. long. 1. H. pusilla. Stipe 5 cm. long. 2. H. nivea. Pileus 2.5-5 cm. broad; stipe 8-15 cm. long. 3. A. pura. Pileus sulfur-yellow, 6-8 mm. broad. 4. H. parvula, Pileus pale-yellow, rarely reddish on the disk in H. chlorophana. Lamellae arcuate-decurrent. 5. H. nitida. Lamellae adnate or slightly decurrent. 6. H. ceracea. Lamellae adnexed. 7. H. chlorophana, Pileus golden-yellow; lamellae emarginate, orange or purplish on the edges. 8. H. marginate. Pileus pinkish-buff, the slime sometimes greenish when young. 9. H. Peckit. Pifeus some shade of red, rarely tinged with green, often fading to yellow with age or on drying. Pileus cuspidate, Pileus blackening on drying. 10. H. conica, Pileus not blackening on drying. Lamellae narrow; spores 6—-7.5 » long. 11. H. ruber. Lamellae broad; spores 12-16 u long. 12. H. cuspidate. Pileus not cuspidate. Pileus 6-10 mm. broad. 13. H. minutula, Pileus 1-5 cm. broad. Pileus reddish or yellow, covered with evanescent greenish slime. 14. H. pstttacina. Pileus incarnate, varying to white or slightly fuliginous, not expal- lent; stipe fulvous. 15. H. laeta. Pileus reddish, tawny-red, or grayish-red; stipe white. 16. H. laricina. Pileus and stipe scarlet, fading to pale-red or yellow. Pileus convex. 17. H. miniete. Pileus umbilicate. 18. H. fammea. Pileus 5-10 cm. broad. 19. H. punicea. Pileus some shade of brown or greenish-brown. Pileus and stipe pale-brown. 20. H. lurida. Pileus olive-brown, fading to yellowish-buff ; stipe grayish-white or brown- ish. . ; 21. H. Davisii. Pileus greenish-brown or yellowish-brown, not fading on drying; stipe yellow. 22. H. immutabilis. Part 6, 1916] AGARICACEAE 377 II. SPECIES OCCURRING ON THE Pacific coast Pileus cuspidate. Pileus blackening on drying. 10. H. conica. Pileus not blackening on drying. 23. H. californica. Pileus convex or slightly umbilicate. ; Pileus 1.5 cm. broad, the color persistently red. 24. H. constans. Pileus 2.5 cm. broad, fading to yellow. 17. H. miniata. Til. Species OCCURRING IN TROPICAL, NortTH AMERICA Pileus small, not exceeding 1.5 em. broad. Stipe 1.5—2.5 em. long. Lamellae decurrent. 25, H. rosea. Lamellae adnate or adnexed. Pileus luteous with faint traces of red; stipe citrinous. 26. H. flavolutea. Pileus aurantiacous; stipe concolorous. 27. H. aurantia. Stipe 3-4 cm. long; lamellae decurrent. Pileus luteous. 28. H. hondurensis. Pileus miniatous. 29. H. subminiata, Pileus ferruginous. 30. H. trojana. Pileus medium to large, usually 2-5 cm. broad, rarely smaller in H. laeta and Ht. flammea. Pileus distinctly umbonate. Pileus blackening on drying. 10. H. conica. Pileus not blackening on drying. 31. H. subfiavida. Pileus convex to plane or depressed. Pileus pale-reddish-yellow; stipe pale-yellow; spores globose. 32. H. Earlei: Pileus ruber to miniatous; stipe luteous or paler. 33. H. subcaespitosa. Pileus incarnate, not fading, rarely varying to white or pale-fuliginous; stipe fulvous. 15. H. laeta. Pileus scarlet, soon fading. Spores 8-9 X 4-6 py. 18. H. fammea. Spores 18 X 104. 34, H. bella. 1. Hydrocybe pusilla (Peck) Murrill. Hygrophorus pusillus Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 29:69. 1902. Pileus thin, convex, 1-2 em. broad; surface subviscid, glabrous, white: context having a pleasant, anise-like odor; lamellae decurrent, subdistant, arcuate, white: spores 4-6 uw long: stipe short, glabrous, white, hollow, whitish-mycelioid at the base, 2-2.5 cm. long, 1-2 mm. thick. Tyree LocaLity: Moscow Mountains, Idaho. Hasrrat: On the ground in dense woods. : Distrisurion: Known only from the type locality. 2. Hydrocybe nivea (Scop.) Murrill. Agaricus niveus Scop. Fl. Carn. ed. 2. 2: 430. vig Hygrophorus niveus Fries, Epicr. Myc. 327. 183 Camarophyllus niveus P. Karst. Bidr. Finl. Nat. Polk 32: 232, 1879. Pileus submembranous, rather tough, campanulate to convex, umbilicate, scarcely 2.5 cm. broad; surface glabrous, viscid, striate, snow-white: lamellae decurrent, narrow, arcuate, distant, white: spores smooth, hyaline, 6-8 X 4-5: stipe slender, equal, hollow, smooth, glabrous, white, 5 cm. long, 2-4 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Carniola. Hasrrat: Among mosses in low ground. DistrrBution: New England to Wisconsin and south to New Jersey; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATION: L. Dufour, Atl. Champ. pl. 19, f. 42. 3. Hydrocybe pura (Peck) Murrill. Hygrophorus purus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 26:63. 1874. Pileus fragile, often irregular, conic to expanded and cupulate from the recurving of the thin margin, 2.5-5 cm. broad; surface pure-white, very viscid: lamellae emarginate with a decurrent tooth, subdistant, broad, ventricose, pure-white: spores 8 X 5 yw: stipe subflexuous, glabrous, very viscid, pure-white, hollow, 8-15 cm. long, 4~7 mm. thick. TyPE LocaLity: Croghan, New York. Hasirar: On the ground in open woods. Distrreution: Known only from the type locality. 378 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLumME 9 4, Hydrocybe parvula (Peck) Murrill. Hygrophorus parvulus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 28:50. 1876. Pileus thin, hemispheric or convex, 6-8 mm. broad; surface subviscid, smooth, glabrous, hygrophanous, sulfur-yellow, margin striatulate when moist: lamellae subdistant, arcuate, adnate or decurrent, pale-yellow or whitish: stipe smooth, equal, hollow, pale-yellow or luteous, often darker than the pileus, 2.5 cm. long. TypE Locality: Northville, New York. Hapirat: On the ground in woods. DISTRIBUTION: New York. ILLUSTRATIONS: Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 28: pl. 1, f. 20-24. 5. Hydrocybe nitida (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Hygrophorus nitidus Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. IT. 12: 424. 1853. Pileus thin, fragile, convex, umbilicate, gregarious or cespitose, 1-2.5 cm. broad; surface viscid, pale-yellow, whitish when dry, striatulate on the margin when moist: context thin, pale-yellow; lamellae arcuate-decurrent, distant, interveined, pale-yellow: spores broadly ellipsoid, hyaline, 6-8 X 5-6 u: stipe slender, fragile, viscid, concolorous, hollow, 7-10 em. long, 2-4 mm. thick. Type LocaLity: South Carolina. Hazitat: Low places. Distrisurion: Eastern United States. InLustTRations: Ann. Rep. N. ¥. State Cab. 23: pl. J, f. 2-6; Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 94: pl. 88, f. 1-7; Mycologia 2: pl. 27, f. 6. Exsiccati: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 1914. 6. Hydrocybe ceracea (Wulfen) P. Karst. Bidr. Finl. Nat. Folk 32: 234. 1879. Agaricus ceraceus Wulfen in Jacq. Misc. Austr. 2:105. 1781. Hygrophorus cevaceus Fries, Epicr. Myc. 330. 1838. Pileus thin, fragile, convex to plane, obtuse, 1-3 em. broad; surface viscid, striatulate, pale-yellow, the color of wax: context concolorous; lamellae adnate or slightly decurrent, distant, very broad, concolorous: spores ellipsoid, hyaline, 7-9 X 4-6: stipe usually equal, straight, rarely flexuous, shining, concolorous, hollow, 3-8 cm. long, 3-5 mm. thick. TYPE LocaLrty: Austria. Hasirat: Among mosses or grasses. DisTRIBuTION: Eastern temperate North America; also in Europe. InLusTRATIONS: Boudier, Ic. Myc. pl. 39; Jacq. Misc. Austr. 2: pl. 15, f. 2; Mycologia 2: pl. 27, f. 2; Sow. Engl. Fungi 9/1. 20. z Ze - ss 2 7. Hydrocybe chlorophana (Fries) P. Karst. Bidr. Finl. Nat. Folk 32: 236. 1879, Agaricus chlorophanus Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 103. 1821. Hygrophorus chlorophanus Fries, Epicr. Myc. 332. 1838, Pileus thin, fragile, convex to nearly plane, obtuse, striate and often lobed or split at the margin, 2-4 cm. broad; surface pale-yellow, rarely reddish at the center, glabrous, viscid: context thin, yellowish, edible; lamellae thin, fragile, adnexed, subdistant, ventricose, con- colorous or paler: spores ovoid, hyaline, 7~8 X 4-5 u: stipe cylindric, glabrous, viscid, concolor- ‘ous, hollow, 3-7 cm. long, 2-4 mm. thick. TYPE LocaLity: Europe. Hasitat: In damp woods. DistRIBUTION: Maine to Alabama and west to Wisconsin; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Boudier, Ic. Myc. pl. 41; Fries, Ic. Hymen. 1. 167, f. 4; Gill. Champ. Fr. pl. 139 ed 4329); Lucand, Champ. Fr. pl. 94; Mem. N.Y. State Mus. 3: pl. 31, f. 13-20; Mycologia 2: pl. 27, f. 3. 8. Hydrocybe marginata (Peck) Murrill. Hygrophorus marginatus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. ¥. State Mus. 28: 50. 1876. Pileus fragile, often irregular or lobed, subcampanulate or expanded, often broadly umbonate, 2.5 cm. broad; surface glabrous, shining or minutely rimose, golden-yellow, margin Parr 6, 1916] AGARICACHAE 379 thin, striatulate: lamellae emarginate, subdistant, broad, ventricose, yellow, darker with age, orange or purplish on the edges: spores subellipsoid, 8 u long: stipe glabrous, pale-yellow, hollow, often flexuous or irregular, 5 cm. long, 2-4 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Northville, New York. Hasitat: On the ground in woods. DisTRIBUTION: New York and Massachusetts to Virginia and Ohio. ILLUSTRATION: Hard, Mushrooms f, 173. 9. Hydrocybe Peckii (Atk.) Murriil. Hygrophorus Peckii Atk. Jour. Myc. 8: 114. 1902. Pileus convex with the margin somewhat incurved, often depressed, solitary or gregarious, 1-2.5 em. broad; surface pinkish-buff, finely striate when moist, very slimy, the slime some- times greenish when young: context having a fetid odor; lamellae arcuate-decurrent, distant, broad, concolorous: spores ellipsoid, slightly inequilateral, smooth, granular, 6-8 X 4-5 yu: stipe fragile, often splitting, slimy, concolorous, hollow, 6-10 cm. long, 2-4 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Piseco, New York. HasitaT: On the ground in woods, pastures, and bushy places. DISTRIBUTION: Eastern United States. 10. Hydrocybe conica (Scop.) P. Karst. Bidr. Finl. Nat. Folk 32: 236. 1879, Agaricus conicus Scop. Fl. Carn. ed. 2. 2: 443. 1772. Hygrophorus conicus Fries, Epicr. Myc. 331. 1838. Pileus thin, fragile, conic, usually acute, often lobed at the margin, 2-5 cm. broad, rarely reaching 8 cm.; surface viscid when moist, glabrous or fibrillose, sometimes becoming rimose, some shade of red or yellow, at times tinged with green, almost always turning black on drying: context thin, suffused with rosy hues; lamellae almost free, attenuate behind, thin, rather crowded, ventricose, yellow, blackening on drying: spores ellipsoid, hyaline, 8-11 X 6-8 pu: stipe equal, fibrous-striate, hollow, yellow, becoming black on drying, 3-10 cm. long, 3-7 mm. thick. TYPE LocaLity: Carniola. Hapitat: In moist woods and grassy places. E DistrisutTion: Greenland to Bermuda and the Bahamas and west to the Pacific coast; also in Beker Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 50 (as A. croceus); Gill. Champ. Fr. pl. 133 (332); Mycologia 2: ol. 27, f. 8; Ricken, Blatterp. Deutschl. pl. 8, f. 4; Schaeff. Fung. Bavar. pl. 2. Exsiceatt: Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 1013; Sydow, Myc. Mar. 2712. 11. Hydrocybe ruber (Peck) Murrill. Hygrophorus ruber Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 116: 32. 1907. Pileus thin, conic, commonly unexpanded, acute or subobtuse, cuspidate or narrowly umbonate, 1.5-5 cm. broad; surface very viscid or glutinous, bright-red, not turning black on drying: lamellae narrow, ascending, adnexed, subdistant, yellow or yellowish-brown: spores subellipsoid, 6-7-5 X 4-5 w: stipe equal, viscid, hollow, concolorous, 2.5 cm. long, 2 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Ellis, Massachusetts. HanitaT: Among mosses in wooded swamps. — . DISTRIBUTION: Massachusetts and the mountains of North Carolina. 12. Hydrocybe cuspidata (Peck) Murrill. Hygrophorus cuspidatus Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 24: 141. 1897. Pileus thin, subcampanulate, cuspidate, 1.5-2.5 cm. broad; surface glabrous, red: lamellae broad, ventricose, yellow: spores ellipsoid, 12-16 X 6-8: stipe slender, equal, glabrous, hollow, 2.5—5 cm. long, 2 mm. thick. TYPE LocaLity: Ottowa, Canada. Hasitat: On the ground. : Distrrution: Known only from the type locality. 880 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuUME 9 13. Hydrocybe minutula (Peck) Murrill. Hygrophorus minutulus Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus, 1?: 9. 1888. Pileus thin, submembranous, convex or expanded, subumbilicate, 6-10 mm. broad; surface bright-red, viscid, and distantly striatulate when moist, pale-red or yellowish when dry: lamellae rather broad, subdistant, sometimes ventricose, adnate or subsinuate and slightly decurrent, whitish, tinged with red or yellow: spores narrowly ellipsoid, 10 X 54: stipe short, slender, fragile, solid, viscid when moist, yellowish, stuffed, 12-20 mm. long, 1 mim. thick. Type Locarity: Sandlake, New York. Hasirat: Grassy ground in pastures or among mosses. DIsTRIBUTION: New York. 14. Hydrocybe psittacina (Schaeff.) P. Karst. Bidr. Finl. Nat. Folk 32: 237. 1879. Agericus psittacinus Schaeff. Fung. Bavar. 4: Ind. 70. 1774. Hygrophorus psittacinus Fries, Epicr. Myc. 332. 1838. Pileus thin, convex to expanded, umbonate, striatulate on the margin, 1-3 cm. broad; surface smooth, reddish or yellow, covered with evanescent, greenish slime: context white, very thin; lamellae adnate-decurrent, thick, broad, ventricose, yellow, tinged with green: spores ellipsoid, hyaline, 7-8 X 5-6 uw: stipe cylindric, subequal, tough, viscid, concolorous, 2.5-4 em. long, 3-4 mm. thick. Type LocaLiry: Europe. Hasrtat: In pastures and open woods. DISTRIBUTION: New England to North Carolina and west to Wisconsin; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Boudier, Ic. Myc. pl. 42; Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 545, f. 1 (as aa cameleon); Gill. Champ. Fr. pl. 137 (346); Hussey, Ill. Brit. Myc. 1: pl. 49; Mycologia 2: pl. 27, f.4; Ricken, Blatterp. Deutschl. pl. 8, f. 6; ‘Schaef. Fung. Bavar. pl. 301; Sow. Engl. Fungi #1. 82. 15. Hydrocybe laeta (Pers.) P. Karst. Bidr. Finl. Nat. Folk. 32: 233. 1879. Agaricus laetus Pers. Obs. Myc. 2: 48. 1799. Hygrophorus laetus Fries, Hpicr. Myc. 329. 1838. Pileus thin, convex to plane, 1-2.5 cm. broad; surface smooth, viscid, subshining, incarnate, white, or rarely varying to pale-fuliginous, not expallent: lamellae subdecurrent, distant, thin, paler than the pileus: spores 9-10 X 6-8 u: stipe equal, tough, fulvous, 5-8 cm. long, 4 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Europe. Hasirat: On the ground among mosses or in moist, shaded soil. DISTRIBUTION: Maine to North Carolina; Bermuda; also in Euro pe. ILLustrations: Fries, Ic. Hymen. pl. 167, f. 2; Gill. Champ. Er. pl. P32 (338) ; Ricken, Bidtterp. Deutschl. 91. 8, f. &. 16. Hydrocybe laricina (Peck) Murrill. Hygrophorus laricinus Peck, Mem. N. Y. State Mus. 3: 146. 1901. Pileus fleshy, convex or nearly plane, sometimes umbonate, gregarious, 1.5-2.5 em. broad; surface viscid when moist, reddish, tawny-red, or grayish-red: context white, slightly yellow under the pellicle, the taste slightly disagreeable when raw, good when cooked; lamellae adnate or subdecurrent, distant, whitish: spores ellipsoid, 6-7.5 X 4-5 uw: stipe firm, equal, white, hollow, 2.5-5 cm. long, 4-6 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Warrensburg, New York. Hasirat: Under tamarack trees. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. ILLUSTRATIONS: Mem. N. ¥. State Mus. 3: pl. 51, f. 1-12. 17. Hydrocybe miniata (Scop.) Murrill. Agaricus miniatus Scop. Fl. Carn. ed. 2. 2: 442. 1772. Agaricus coccineus Schaeff. Fung. Bavar. 4: Ind. 70. 1774, Not A. i Hygrophorus coccineus Fries, Epicr. Myc. 330. 1838. . Een nates PaRT 6, 1916] AGARICACEAE 381 Hydrocybe coccinea P. Karst. Bidr. Finl. Nat. Folk 32: 234. 1879. Hygrophorus miniaius Schroet. Krypt.-Fl. Schles. 31: 528. 1889. Pileus thin, fragile, convex to plane, obtuse, 2-5 cm. broad; surface glabrous, viscid, scarlet, fading to pale-red, and finally yellowish: context whitish or yellowish, edible; lamellae adnate or with a decurrent tooth, distant, interveined, pale-yellow or reddish: spores ellipsoid, hya- line, 6-10 X 4-6 u: stipe cylindric or compressed, glabrous, hollow, scarlet above, yellow below, 3-5 em. long, 3 mm. thick. ‘Type Locality: Carniola. Hasitat: In moist pastures and on mossy banks. DistTRIBUTION: Greenland to Alabama and west to California; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Boudier, Ic. Myc. $1. 38, 40; Mycologia 2: pl. 27, f. 7; McIlv. Am. Fungi pl. 136, f. 6; Schaeff. Fung. Bavar. pl. 302 (as A. coccineus). Exsiccatr: Sydow, Myc. Mar, 2713; Thiim. Fungi Austr. 910. 18. Hydrocybe flammea (Scop.) Murrill. Agaricus flammeus Scop. F1, Carn. ed. 2.2:443. 1772. Hygrophorus miniatus Fries, Epicr. Myc. 330. 1838. Hygrophorus congelatus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Cab. 23: 114. 1872. Hydrocybe miniata P. Karst. Bidr. Finl. Nat. Folk 32: 234. 1879. Pileus fragile, regular, convex to plane or umbilicate, 1-5 cm. broad; surface glabrous or minttely squamulose, slightly viscid, scarlet, rarely yellow, soon fading: context yellow, mild, tender, edible; lamellae adnate or very slightly decurrent, distant, yellow, often tinged with red: spores ellipsoid, hyaline, 8-9 4-6 u: stipe slender, equal, glabrous, concolorous or slightly paler, stuffed or partly hollow, 2-7 cm. long, 2-4 mm. thick. TYPE LocaLity: Carniola. Hasirat: In damp woods or swamps. DistrisuTion: Throughout temperate North America; mountains of Jamaica; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 48: #1. 28, f. 1-10; Gill. Champ. Fr. pl. 342; Hard, Mushrooms f. 172; Mycologia 2: pl. 27, f. 9; Ricken, Blatterp. Deutschl. pl. 8, f. 9. Exsiccati: Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 303; Sydow, Myc. Mar. 705. 19. Hydrocybe punicea (Fries) P. Karst. Bidr. Finl. Nat. Folk 32: 235. 1879. Agaricus puniceus Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 104. 1821. Hygrophorus puniceus Fries, Epicr. Myc. 331. 1838. Pileus fragile, conic to subexpanded, obtuse or slightly depressed, 5-10 cm. broad; surface glabrous, viscid, not striate, scarlet, fading out with age, especially at the center: context white, tinged with red beneath the pellicle, the taste mild, edible; lamellae slightly adnexed, broad, thick, distant, yellow, often becoming reddish: spores ellipsoid, hyaline, 8-10 X 4-5 u: stipe stout, subequal, glabrous, slightly striate, concolorous or paler, white at the base, hollow, 5-8 em. long, 1-2 em. thick. Tyre LocaLiry: Europe. Hasitat: In moist places in woods. . : . DistRrsution: New England to North Carolina and west to Wisconsin; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 5: pl. 58, f. 1-7; Fries, Sv. Aetl. Svamp. pl. 77; Mem. N. Y. State Mus. 3: pl. 52, f. 1-7; Mycologia 2: pl. 27, f. 5; Ricken, Blatterp. Deutschl. pl. 8, f. 2. Exsiccati: Sydow, Myc. Mar. 4602. 20. Hydrocybe lurida (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill. Hygrophorus luridus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Bot. & Kew Mise. 1:99. 1849. Pileus campanulate, umbonate, about 2 cm. broad; surface very viscid, pale-brown, darker at the center, margin striate, crenate: lamellae shortly adnate, ventricose, venose-connected, thick, white: stipe fistulose, composed of longitudinal fibers, pale-brown, about 3 cm. long and 2mm. thick. TYPE LocaLity: South Carolina. Hasrrar: In low swampy places. . Distrrution: Massachusetts, New York, and South Carolina. 382 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLumE 9 21. Hydrocybe Davisii (Peck) Murrill. Hygrophorus Davisii Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 33: 214, 1906. Pileus membranous, fragile, convex, sometimes centrally depressed, gregarious, 1-1.2 em. broad; surface glabrous, very viscid, olive-brown variegated with olive-green when young and fresh, assuming a yellowish-buff color with a faint tint of pink when dried, margin even when young, striate when mature: lamellae unequal, decurrent, distant, thin, grayish-white: _ spores broadly ellipsoid, hyaline, 6-7 X 4-5 yu: stipe slender, flexuous, fragile, equal or slightly tapering upward, glabrous, viscid, grayish-white, becoming brownish, hollow, 2-3 em. long, 1.5-2 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Stow, Massachusetts. : Hasirat: Damp places under ferns in deciduous woods. DistrisuTION: Massachusetts. 22. Hydrocybe immutabilis (Peck) Murrill. Hygrophorus immutabilis Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 51: 292.- 1898. Pileus thin, conic, convex, umbonate, 1.5-2.5 cm. broad; surface greenish-brown or yel- lowish-brown, not changing color on drying, margin often striate when dry: lamellae subdistant, whitish or yellowish: spores ellipsoid, 10-12 X 6-7 yw: stipe slender, glabrous, yellow, hollow, 2.5-5 em. long, 3-4 mm. thick. TYPE LocaLity: Raybrook, Essex County, New York. Hapitat: Rather dry sandy or heathy places. DistRIBUTION: New York. 23. Hydrocybe californica Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus conic, cuspidate, gregarious, 5 cm. broad; surface orange or reddish, smooth, gla- brous, decidedly viscid, not blackening on drying, margin somewhat lobed, concolorous: context very thin; lamellae adnate, yellow or nearly white, rather broad and distant: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 9-12 X 6-8 yu: stipe thick, equal, concolorous, hollow, smooth, glabrous, somewhat viscid, 7~9 cm. long, about 1 cm. thick. Type collected under an oak at Berkeley, California, January 20, 1914, L. S. Smith 413 (herb, N. Y. Bot. Gard.). Hasirat: On the ground under oaks and redwoods. DistRiBuTion: California. 24, Hydrocybe constans Murrill, Mycologia 4: 208. 1912. Hygrophorus consians Murrill, Mycologia 4: 217. 1912. Pileus convex, slightly umbilicate, gregarious, 1.5 cm. broad; surface glabrous, shining, not viscid, uniformly red, unchanging on drying, striate from the margin half way to the center; lamellae adnate with a decurrent tooth, rather distant, plane or arcuate, testaceous- flavous; spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 7 X 4; stipe hollow, subequal, smooth, glabrous, concolorous above, ochraceous at the base, 7 cm. long, 5 mm. thick. TYPE LocaLity: Mill City, Oregon. Hapirat: In moss in low woods. DistRIsuTION: Known only from the type locality. 25. Hydrocybe rosea Murrill, Mycologia 3: 197. 1911. Hygrophorus roseus Murrill, Mycologia 4: 332. 1912. Pileus convex with an umbilicate center, resembling Omphalopsis in shape, solitary, 1 em. broad, 5 mm. high; surface smooth, glabrous, roseous to incarnate, margin entire or rarely lobed, decurved: context very thin, allowing the lamellae to show through on the upper side; lamellae decurrent, arcuate, white, stained with red: spores ovoid, smooth, hyaline, 10-13 X 7-9 w: stipe smooth, cylindric, paler than the pileus below, deep-red at the apex, where it is much enlarged, 1.5 cm. long, 1 mm. thick below. Tyre LocaLity: Sir John Peak, Jamaica. Hasitat: In moss on a decayed log. DisTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. Part 6, 1916] AGARICACEAE 383 26. Hydrocybe flavolutea Murrill, Mycologia 3: 196. 1911. Hygrophorus flavoluteus Murrill, Mycologia 4: 332. 1912. Pileus convex, solitary, 1.3 cm. broad, 5 mm. high; surface luteous, with faint traces of red, polished, slightly viscid, radiate-striate: lamellae flavous, slightly ventricose, rather close, several times inserted, apparently free, but really connected by slender threads of tissue across the disk to which the stipe is attached: spores globose, regular, hyaline, uninucleate, smooth, 4-5 u: stipe cylindric, equal, smooth, glabrous, citrinous, whitish-tomentose and slightly enlarged at the base, 2.2 cm. long, 1.5 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Cinchona, Jamaica. Hastirat: In soil. DISTRIBUTION: At high elevations in Jamaica and eastern Mexico. 27. Hydrocybe aurantia Murrill, Mycologia 3: 195. 1911. Hygrophorus auvantius Murrill, Mycologia 4: 332. 1912. Piletus obconic, small, solitary, 1.5 cm. broad; surface smooth or slightly striate, glabrous, aurantiacous: lamellae adnate, rather broad and distant, subconcolorous: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 3-5 4: stipe slightly tapering downward, glabrous, aurantiacous, pruinose at the apex, 2.5 cm. long, about 2 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Morce’s Gap, Jamaica. Hasitat: On the ground in woods. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 28. Hydrocybe hondurensis Murrill, Mycologia 3: 197. 1911. Hygrophorus hondurensis Murrill, Mycologia 4: 332. 1912. Pileus convex to plane, slightly depressed, solitary, 1-1.5 cm. broad; surface luteous, very viscid, radiate-striate: lamellae short-decurrent, rather narrow, inserted: spores ovoid, smooth, hyaline, 5 X 3.5 uw: stipe equal, concolorous, very viscid, 3-4 cm. long, 1-2 mm. thick. Type Loca.ity: British Honduras. Hasirat: In rich soil. DistRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 29. Hydrocybe subminiata Murrill, Mycologia 3: 198. 1911 Hygrophorus subminiatus- Murrill, Mycologia 4: 332. 1912. Pileus convex to plane, at length irregular, 1.5 cm. broad; surface viscid, smooth, miniatous, varying slightly in places, margin undulate: lamellae decurrent, few, whitish to ochraceous: spores oblong-ellipsoid, often constricted at the middle, smooth, hyaline, about 9 X 5 u: stipe terete, crooked, slightly enlarged above, glabrous, Iuteous, 3 cm. long, 2 mm. thick. ‘Type Locarry: Chester Vale, Jamaica. Hasirat: On shaded banks or under tree-ferns. _ . DISTRIBUTION: At rather high elevations in Jamaica and probably in Cuba. 30. Hydrocybe trojana Murrill, Mycologia 3: 198. 1911. Hygrophorus trojanus Murrill, Mycologia 4: 332. 1912. Pileus subhemispheric to convex, solitary, 1-1.5 cm. broad, 3 mm. high; surface smooth, viscid when wet, ferruginous: lamellae decurrent, violaceous, distant, rather broad, two or three times inserted: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 7-9 X 4-5 yu: stipe glabrous, cylindric, latericeous above, paler below, changing to flavous at the base, 4 cm. long, 2.5 mm. thick. Typs Locatiry: Troy and Tyre, Jamaica. Haprrat: On the ground. : DistrreuTion: Cockpit Country, Jamaica. 31. Hydrocybe subflavida Murrill, Mycologia 3: 197. 1911. Hygrophorus subflavidus Murrill, Mycologia 4: 332. 1912. Pileus conic to subcampanulate, umbonate, gregarious, reaching 5 cm. broad and 3 em. high; surface pale-flavous, dull-luteous in very young stages and on the umbo, smooth, becoming 384 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA LVoLUME 6 striate in old or wet specimens: lamellae adnate with a decurrent tooth, broad, ventricose, rather distant, pale-yellow: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 5 wu: stipe cylindric, equal, pale-flavous, glabrous, 4-5 cm. long, 4-7 mm. thick. Tyre LocaLtity: Morce’s Gap, Jamaica. Hastrat: On the ground under tree-ferns. . DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 32. Hydrocybe Earlei Murrill, Mycologia 3: 196. 1911. Hygrophorus Earlei Murrill, Mycologia 4: 332. 1912. Pileus convex, solitary, 3 em. broad; surface glabrous, silky-shining, not striate, pale- reddish-yellow: context yellow, mild; lamellae slightly adnexed, crowded, broad, ventricose, cremeous: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 7 u: stipe somewhat flattened, equal, hollow, glabrous, shining, pale-yellow, 5-6 cm. long, 4-6 mm. thick. Type Locality: Herradura, Cuba. Hasrrat: On the ground in a pasture. . DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 33. Hydrocybe subcaespitosa Murrill, Mycologia 3:197. 1911. Hygrophorus subcaespitosus Murrill, Mycologia 4: 332. 1912. Pileus convex to plane or depressed, subcespitose, 2-3 em. broad; surface smooth, glabrous, ruber when young, miniatous when older: lamellae white to stramineous, adnate or slightly decurrent, broad, inserted: spores oblong-ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 8-9 X 5 xu: stipe thick, cylindric to slightly flattened, smooth, glabrous, luteous or paler yellowish, about 3 cm. long, 5 mm. or more thick. Tyre LocaLity: Morce’s Gap, Jamaica. Haasrrat: In rich soil under tree-ferns. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 34. Hydrocybe bella (Massee) Murrill, Mycologia 3: 196. 1911. Hygrophorus bellus Massee, Jour. Bot. 30: 161. 1892. Pileus fleshy, convex-plane, slightly depressed at the center, 4-5 cm. broad; surface scarlet to expallent, smooth, glabrous: lamellae decurrent, distant, thick, interveined, yellow tinged with orange: spores ellipsoid, hyaline, 18 < 10 uw: stipe equal or enlarged at the apex, glabrous, hollow, yellowish with scarlet striae, 5 cm. long, 8 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Nariaqua Valley, St. Vincent. HasitaT: On the ground in woods. DisTRrBvuTION: Known only from the type locality. ILLUSTRATIONS: Jour. Bot. 30: pl. 321, f. 1-4, 8. DOUBTFUL SPECIES Hygrophorus aurantiaco-luteus Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. III. 4: 293. 1859. Described from specimens collected among mosses in Connecticut by Sprague. Peck omitted this species from his New York list because specimens so determined were doubtful. The types at Kew are fairly well preserved but are too small for satisfactory comparison, the pileus being only 3 mm. in diameter. Hygrophorus cerasinus (Berk.) Fries, Hymen. Eur. 410. 1874. (Agaricus cerasinus Berk. in Smith, Engl. Fl. 52:12. 1836.) Reported by Ellis from New Jersey, occurring on the ground in pine woods. These specimens were distributed by Ellis in his N. Am. Fungi 907. Hygrophorus haematocephalus Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. II. 12: 424. 1853. Described from specimens collected in pine woods in South Carolina. ‘The pileus is umbilicate, blood-red; lamellae adnate, yellow; stipe red, then yellow. The types at Kew are much like Chanterel cinnabarinus, but the lamellae are not so thick. There is also a resemblance to Hydrocybe laeta, but with such old and faded specimens it is difficult to make successful comparisons. Hygrophorus mucilaginosus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Bot. & Kew Misc. 1: 98. 1849. De Part 6, 1916] AGARICACEAE 385 scribed from specimens collected in low ground in South Carolina. ‘The types at Kew, which are well preserved, are similar in size, shape, and appearance to Camarophyllus Cantharellus. This species is not listed in Saccardo. Hygrophorus ohiensis Mont. Syll. Crypt. 135. 1856. Described from specimens col- lected on buried wood near Columbus, Ohio, by Sullivant. The specimens at Paris are very poor and are mixed with Coprinus micaceus. ‘The species is described as 2.5 em. broad, yellow with purplish disk; lamellae adnexed, rose-colored to brown; gtipe concolorous. Hygrophorus stenophyllus Mont. Syll. Crypt. 135. 1856. Described from specimens collected in meadows and fields near Columbus, Ohio, by Sullivant. The pileus is infundibuli- form, cespitose, white; lamellae decurrent, very crowded and very narrow; stipe very short. The specimens at Paris are too poor to compare successfully. 38. CAMAROPHYLLUS (Fries) P. Karst. Bidr. Finl. Nat. Folk 32: 224. 1879. Hygrophorus § Camarophyllus Fries, Epicr. Myc. 325. 1838. Fleshy, firm, putrescent, solitary or gregarious; surface moist but not viscid, usually without brilliant colors: lamellae waxy, decurrent or adnexed: spores hyaline: stipe central, fleshy, usually solid: veil none. Type species, Camarophyllus caprinus (Scop.) P. Karst. I. SPECIES OCCURRING IN TEMPERATE NORTH AMERICA, EXCEPT THOSE CONFINED To THE PACIFIC COAST Pileus entirely white. Pileus 1.5-2.5 em. broad. 1. C. borealis. Pileus 2.5-6 cm. broad. Spores 8-11 X 5-6. 2. C. virgineus, Spores 4 X 3 y. 3. C. angustifolius. Pileus white or whitish, yellowish at the center, 1.5-2.5 em. broad. 4. C. obconicus. Pileus whitish, tinged with reddish-brown; spores globose. 5. C. sphaerosporus. Pileus pale-lilac when moist, grayish-white when dry. . 6. C. pallidus. Pileus melleous, omamented with brown scales; cespitose. 7. C. caespitosus, Pileus tawny or buff, varying to white or grayish, usually turbinate; lamellae long-decurrent. 8. C. fulvosus. Pileus golden-yellow or yellowish-brown when moist, ochraceous or tinged with green when dry; the odor somewhat mephitic. 9. C. auratocephalus. Pileus some shade of red or orange, varying to yellow in C. Cantharellus. Pileus pale-pink or grayish-red, minutely floccose-squamulose; lamellae decurrent. 10. C. subrufescens. Pileus light-orange, tomentose-squamose; lamellae emarginate-adnate. 11. C. squamulosus. Pileus orange, varying to red or yellow, small, umbilicate; lamellae very decurrent and stipe very slender. 12. C. Cantharellus. Pileus some shade of grayish-brown or blackish-brown. Pileus 1-2.5 cm. broad. Pileus grayish-brown. : Margin strongly decurved; stipe solid, glabrous. 13. C. albipes. Margin recurved; stipe hollow, subpruinose. 14. C. recurvatus. Pileus fuliginous. 15. C. Peckianus. Pileus 2.5-5 cm. broad. . Pileus umbilicate or centrally depressed, grayish-brown. 16. C. basidiosus. Pileus convex, often obtuse. aie Lamellae decurrent; spores 10-13 » long. 17. C. nigridius. Yamellae adnate or slightly decurrent; spores 7.5-10 uw long. 18. C. Burnhami. II. SPECIES OCCURRING ON THE PacrFic COAST Pileus uniformly cream-colored; spores 5-6 X 3.54 u. 19. C. cremicolor. Pileus tawny or buff, varying to white or grayish; spores 6-8 X 5-6 uy. 8. C. fulvosus. ‘TIT. SPECIES OCCURRING IN TROPICAL NorTH AMERICA Pileus white, with a very long umbo. 20. C. albo-umbonatus. Pileus orange, depressed at the center. 12. C. Cantherellus, 1. Camarophyllus borealis (Peck) Murrill. Hygrophorus borealis Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 26: 64. 1874. Pileus thin, convex to expanded, 1.5-2.5 cm. broad; surface glabrous, moist, white, margin 386 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 9 somewhat striatulate: lamellae arcuate-decurrent, distant, white: spores ellipsoid, 8-10 5-7 p: stipe equal or obconic, glabrous, white, stuffed or solid, 5 cr. long, 2 mm. thick. TYPE Locatity: Croghan, New York. Hasirat: On the ground in woods. . DISTRIBUTION: Massachusetts, Connecticut, New York, and New Jersey. 2. Camarophyllus virgineus (Wulfén) Murrill. Agaricus virgineus Wulfen in Jacq. Misc. Austr. 2: 104. 1781. Hygrophorus virgineus Fries, Epicr. Myc. 327. 1838. Pileus fleshy, convex-plane, obtuse, depressed, 2.5-6 em. broad; surface white, areolate- rimose when moist, floccose when dry: lamellae decurrent, distant, thick: spores 8114-6 z: stipe firm, short, white, stuffed, tapering downward, 2-6 cm. long, 4-12 mm. thick. TYPE LocALity: Austria. Hasirat: In grassy or mossy places. ; DistriBution: Greenland to North Carolina and west to Wisconsin. : ILLUSTRATIONS: Boudier, Ic. Myc. pl. 37; Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 5: pl. 58, f. 8-12; Jacq. Misc. Austr. 2: pl. 15, f. 1; Sow. Engl. Fungi 1. 32; Vitt. Deser. Funghi Mang. 91. 32, f. 2. Exsiccati: Desmaz. Pl. Crypt. 2022, 2023; Erb. Critt. Ital. 674; Sydow, Myc. Mar. 3308; Thiim. Fungi Austr. 911. 3. Camarophyllus angustifolius Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus thick, fleshy, expanded, 4 cm. broad; surface dry, glabrous, white, margin not striate: context white, mild to the taste; lamellae long-decurrent, forking, rather crowded, narrow, white: spores minute, ellipsoid, 4 X 3 u: stipe cylindric, subglabrous, white, solid, 3 cm. long, 8 mm. thick. Type collected on the ground in woods at Fort Lee, New Jersey, September, 1902, F. S. Earle & W. A. Murrill 1387 (berb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DIsTRIBvuTION: Known only from the type locality. 4. Camarophyllus obconicus (Peck) Mutrill. Hygrophorus obconicus Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 131: 36. 1909. Pileus fleshy, thick at the center, obconic, convex or nearly plane, becoming depressed at the center, cespitose, 1.5-2.5 em. broad; surface glabrous, pruinose, white or whitish, yellowish at the center, becoming pale-alutaceous with age, margin involute: context white; lamellae thick, distant, ventricose, very decurrent, white: spores subglobose, 4-6 X 4-5 u: stipe straight or flexuous, equal or tapering downward, brittle, stuffed, white, 2-2.5 cm. long, 6-10 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Stow, Massachusetts. Hasitat: Among sphagnum in swamps. DistRisuTIon: Known only from the type locality. 5. Camarophyllus sphaerosporus (Peck) Murrill. Hygrophorus sphaerosporus Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 22: 486. 1895. Pileus fleshy, thick at the center, subobconic, convex, obtuse or subumbonate, 1-2.7 cm. broad; surface whitish tinged with reddish-brown, margin incurved: context firm, white, with unpleasant odor in drying; lamellae adnate or subdecurrent, subdistant, broad: spores globose, 6-8 yu: stipe flexuous, floccose, glabrous, concolorous, solid, enlarged at the base, 2.5—5 cm. long, 5-7 mm. thick. TYPE Locatity: Iowa, Haprtat: On the ground. DIsTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 6. Camarophyllus pallidus (Peck) Murrill, Hygrophorus pallidus Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 29: 69. 1902. Pileus thin, convex to subplane, 1.5—3 cm. broad: surface glabrous, hygrophanous, pale- lilac when moist, grayish-white when dry, margin decurved, wavy, striatulate when moist: lamellae adnate or subdecurrent, distant, rather thick, arcuate, concolorous when moist, sub- Part 6, 1916] AGARICACEAR 387 cinereous when dry: spores subglobose, hyaline, 5-6 X 4-5 u: stipe slender, equal or narrowed downward, glabrous, white, hollow, 2.5-5 cm. long, 2-4 mm. thick. ‘TYPE LOCALITY: Massachusetts. Hastrrat: Mossy or swampy ground. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 7. Camarophyllus caespitosus Murrill. Hydrocybe caespitosa' Murrill, Mycologia 6: 2. 1914. Hygrophorus caespitosus Murrill, Mycologia 6:2. 1914. Pileus convex to obconic, depressed at the center, loosely or densely clustered, about 2-2.5 cm. broad and 1.5 cm. thick; surface dry, melleous, ornamented with brown, innate, pointed scales, which are denser on the disk: context flavous, mild; lamellae broad, ventricose, distant, sinuate-decurrent, stramineous to cremeous: spores ellipsoid, pointed at one end, smooth, hyaline, granular, 7.5-8.5 X 4-5 yw: stipe equal or enlarged above, glabrous, shining, citrinous, spongy within, 4-5 cm. long, 3-5 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: New York City. Hasitat: Among moss in pastures. Distrisutrion: New York and North Carolina. 8. Camarophyllus fulvosus (Bolt.) Murrill. Agaricus fuluosus Bolt. Hist. Fung. 56. 1788. Agaricus pratensis Pers. Syn. Fung. 304. 1801. Not A. cen Scop. 1772 Agaricus turbinatus Schum. Enum. Pl. Saell. 2: 317. 1803 Hygrophorus pratensis Fries, Epicr. Myc. 326. 1838. Camarophyllus pratensis P. Karst. Bidr. Finl. Nat. Folk 32: 225. 1879. Hydrocybe pratensis Murrill, Mycologia 6:2. 1914, Pileus firm, convex to expanded, often turbinate, 2-5 cm. broad; surface glabrous, not viscid, buff, tawny, white, or grayish: context thick, firm, white, edible, of delicate flavor; lamellae long-decurrent, thick, distant, often interveined, white or yellowish: spores subglobose to ellipsoid, hyaline, 6-8 X 5-6 uw: stipe short, smooth, equal or tapering downward, solid or stuffed, white or subconcolorous, 3-5 cm. long, 1 cm. thick. Tyre Locality: Halifax, England. Hasrrat: In woods and pastures. Distripution: Canada to Alabama and west to Oregon and California; also in Europe. InLustrations: Ann. Rep. N. Y¥. State Mus. 48: pl. 28, f. 11-17; Bres. Funghi Mang. #1. 69; Bull. Herb. Bee 587,f.1; 1. Dufour, Atl. Champ. pl. 43; Fries, Sv. Aetl. Svamp. pl. 30; Gill. Champ. Fr. pl. 131 (345); Mycologia 2: pl. 27, f. 1; 6: pl. 113, f. 3; Sow. Engl. Fungi pl. 141 (as A. miniatus). 9. Camarophyllus auratocephalus (Ellis) Murrill. Agaricus (Clitocybe) auratocephalus Ellis, Bull. Torrey Club 6:75. 1876. Clitocybe chrysocephala Sacc. Syl. Fung. 5: 190. 1887. Hygrophorus mephiticus Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 33: 213, 1906. Pileus obtuse-conic, expanding to convex, with a fleshy umbo, gregarious or subcespitose, about 3.5 cm. broad; surface smooth but of fibrous texture, at length more or less rimose-striate, golden-yellow: context having a strong, peculiar smell when fresh, and especially when drying: lamellae broad, ventricose, fleshy, subsinuate with a decurrent tooth, not crowded, golden-yel- low, becoming orange-red in drying: spores short-oblong, somewhat irregular in shape, 10» long: stipe usually compressed and crooked, attenuate at both ends, hollow, smooth, brittle, golden-yellow, 7.5-10 cm. long, 5-6 mm. thick. TYPE Locatity: Newfield, New Jersey. Hasirat: In swampy ground. DistRIBUTION: Massachusetts, southern New York, New Jersey, and the mountains of western North Carolina. Exsiccatt: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 1911. 10. Camarophyllus subrufescens (Peck) Murrill. Hygrophorus subrufescens Peck, Bull. N. V. State Mus. 67: 23. 1903. Pileus fleshy, but thin on the margin, convex or nearly plane, about 2.5 cm. broad; surface dry, minutely floccose-squamulose, pale-pink or grayish-red: context whitish, faintly tinged 388 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 with pink, the taste mild: lamellae decurrent, subdistant, whitish: spores ellipsoid, 7.5 X 5 p: stipe rather long, flexuous, equal or nearly so, glabrous, white, solid, 4-8 cm. long, 4-8 mm. thick. Type LocaLity: Port Jefferson, Long Island, New York. Hasirat: Among fallen leaves in woods. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 67: pl. M, f. 1-6. 11. Camarophyllus squamulosus (Ellis & Ev.) Murrill. Hygrophorus squamulosus Ellis & Ev. Proc. Acad. Phila. 1893: 440. 1894. Pileus fleshy, fragile, hemispheric to convex-expanded, 3-4 cm. broad; surface light-orange, tomentose-squamose, not viscid, margin paler: lamellae emarginate-adnate with a decurrent tooth, subcrowded, unequal, broad, light-yellow, the edges obtuse, the imterspaces rugose: spores oblong-ellipsoid, hyaline, 5-6 X 3-3.5 u: stipe light-orange, thick, often compressed and incurved, subfarinose at the apex, slightly tapering upward, 5 cm. long, 5-7 mm. thick. Type LocaLity: Newfield, New Jersey. Hasirat: Swampy woods among mosses. . DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 12. Camarophyllus Cantharellus (Schw.) Murrill. Agaricus (Omphalia) Cantharellus Schw. Schr. Nat. Ges. Leipzig 1: 88. 1822. Hygrophorus Caniharellus Fries, Epicr. Myc. 329. 1838. Hydrocybe Cantharellus Murrill, Mycologia 3: 196. 1911. Pileus thin, convex to umbilicate, gregarious, 1.5-2.5 cm. broad; surface glabrous or minutely squamulose, not viscid, orange, varying to red or yellow: lamellae rather broad, distant, arcuate, very decurrent, whitish or yellowish, sometimes tinged with red: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 7.5-10 X 5-6 w: stipe slender, fragile, glabrous, stuffed or hollow, red, orange, or yellow, 2.5-7.5 cm. long, 2-4 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: North Carolina. Hasrrat: Damp soil or decayed wood in woods or open places. ; DISTRIBUTION: Maine to Alabama and west to Minnesota; Bermuda and at high elevations in amaica, In,ustrations: Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 54: pl. 76, f. 8-20. ExsiccatTt: Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi 19/0. 13. Camarophyllus albipes (Peck) Murrill. Hygrophorus albipes Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 25: 323. 1898. Pileux convex, 1.5 cm. broad; surface glabrous, grayish-brown, margin strongly decurved: context white; lamellae very decurrent, subdistant, narrow, arcuate, whitish, becoming darker with age: spores subglobose, 5-6.5 uw: stipe slender, glabrous, white, solid, tapering downward, 2.5-3.5 em. long, 3-5 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Massachusetts. DISTRIBUTION: Maine and Massachusetts. 14. Camarophyllus recurvatus (Peck) Murrill. Hygrophorus recurvatus Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 157: 28. 1912. Pileus fleshy at the center, thin toward the margin, convex, becoming plane or concave by the margin curving upward, often lacerate on the margin, 1.2-2.4 cm. broad; surface grayish- brown when moist, subalutaceous and even when dry, glabrous, often more highly colored at the center than on the margin, which is striatulate when moist: context white; lamellae sub- ventricose, distant, venosely connected, decurrent, whitish: spores broadly ellipsoid or sub- globose, 6-8 X 4-6 u: stipe fragile, equal, stuffed or hollow, fibrous, easily: splitting, subpruinose, white or whitish, 2-4 em. long, 2-4 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Canandaigua, New York. Hasitat: On lawns. DISTRIBUTION: New York. Par? 6, 1916] AGARICACEHAE 389 15. Camarophyllus Peckianus (Howe) Murrill. Hygrophorus Peckianus Howe, Bull. Torrey Club 5:43. 1874. Pileus rather firm, fleshy, convex or slightly depressed at the center, gregarious or subces- pitose, 1-2 cm. broad; surface smooth, hygrophanous, fuliginous when moist, paler or buff- brown when dry, margin decurved and sometimes wavy: context having quite a strong odor; lamellae subdistant, broad, thick, arcuate, decurrent, pallid when young, becoming darker with age: spores subglobose, rough, 5 » in diameter: stipe smooth, stuffed or hollow, subflex- uous, often compressed and attenuate at the base, concolorous, 2.5—5 em. long, about 2 mm. thick. Typr LocaLiry: Lake Pleasant, New York. HasitaT: On the ground under Pteris aquilina. DistRIBUTION: New York and Massachusetts. 16. Camarophyllus basidiosus (Peck) Murrill. Clitocybe basidiosa Peck, Bull. N. VY. State Mus. 12:5. 1888. Hygrophorus basidiosus Peck, Bull. N. ¥. State Mus. 116: 57, 1907. Pileus rather thin, convex to expanded, umbilicate or centrally depressed, sometimes cespitose, 3.5-4 cm. broad; surface glabrous, hygrophanous, grayish-brown and striatulate on the margin when moist, dingy-white or grayish-white when dry: context whitish; lamellae adnate or subdecurrent, distant, incurved or neatly plane, thick, whitish with a violaceous tint: spores subglobose, 4-5 w: stipe firm, equal or slightly thickened at the apex, glabrous, whitish or pallid, 2.5-5 cm. long, 2-4 mm. thick. Type LocaLtity: Sandlake, New York. Haszitat: Woods and swamps. DISTRIBUTION: New York. 17. Camarophyllus nigridius (Peck) Murrill. Hygrophorus nigridius Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 22: 211. 1895. Pileus fleshy, convex, obtuse or subumbonate, gregarious, 2.5-5 cm. broad; surface gla- brous, grayish-brown or blackish-brown, darker at the center: context white; lamellae decurrent, distant, white: spores ellipsoid, 10-13 X 6-8 u: stipe slender, solid, brownish, white at the apex, 2.5-5 cm. long, 0.5-1 em. thick. Tyre LocaLity: Prince Edward’s Island, Canada. Hasrrar: In pine and fir woods. . DistRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 18. Camarophyllus Burnhami (Peck) Murrill. Hygrophorus Burnhami Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 116: 56. 1907. Pileus fleshy, broadly conic, becoming convex or nearly plane, gregarious, 2.5-5 cm. broad; surface moist in wet weather, glabrous or slightly and obscurely innately fibrillose on the margin, blackish-brown: context white; lamellae narrow, sometimes forked, subdistant, adnate or slightly decurrent, white: spores ellipsoid, 7.5-10 X 5-6 u: stipe equal, sometimes pointed or abruptly narrowed at the base, fibrillose-striate, solid, whitish, becoming tinged with the color of the pileus, white within and white-tomentose at the base, 3.5—-7.5 cm. long, 8-12 mm. thick. Type LocaLity: West Fort Ann, Washington County, New York. Hasttat: In mixed woods. . DisrrRIBuTION: Known only from the type locality. 19. Camarophyllus cremicolor Murrill. Hydrocybe cremicolor Murrill, Mycologia 4: 209. 1912. Hygrophorus cremicoloy Murrill, Mycologia 4: 217. 1912. Pileus convex to expanded, umbonate, solitary, 2.5 cm. broad; surface moist, not viscid, glabrous, smooth, uniformly cream-colored: lamellae decurrent, arcuate, distant, bright- 390 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VOLUME 9 yellowish-white: spores ovoid, pointed at one end, smooth, hyaline, 5-6 X 3.5-4 nu: stipe fleshy, subequal, smooth, glabrous, cremeous, 5 cm. long, 7 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Seattle, Washington. Hasitat: On the ground in woods. : DisTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 20. Camarophyllus albo-umbonatus Murrill. Hydrocybe albo-umbonata Murrill, Mycologia 3: 195. 1911. Hygrophorus albo-umbonatus Murrill, Mycologia 4: 332. 1912. Pileus conic, with long, cylindric umbo, solitary, 2.5 cm. broad, nearly 2 cm. high; surface smooth, glabrous, moist, white: lamellae broad, ventricose, thin, white: spores subglobose, smooth, hyaline, 5-7 u: stipe curved, terete, equal, glabrous, moist, white, 5 cm. long, 2 mm. thick. TYPE LocaLity: New Haven Gap, Jamaica. Hazirat: On the ground in woods. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. DovuBTFUL SPECIES Camarophyllus caprinus (Scop.) P. Karst. Bidr. Finl. Nat. Folk 32: 224. 1879. (Agaricus caprinus Scop. Fl. Carn. ed. 2. 2:438. 1772. Hygrophorus caprinus Fries, Epicr. Myc. 326. 1838.) Reported from the eastern United States by certain mycclogists, but possibly confused with dark forms of H. hypothejus. Hygrophorus metapodius Fries, Epicr. Myc. 328. 1838. (Agaricus metapodius Fries, Obs. Myc. 2: 110. 1818.) Described from Sweden and reported from the eastern United States by certain mycologists. Peck remarks that the American specimens are not all viscid nor does the context turn red when wounded as in typical specimens. I have seen no material that corresponds with authentic material from Europe. Hygrophorus nitratus (Pers.) Fries, Hymen. Eur. 421. 1874. (Agaricus nitratus Pers. Syn. Fung. 356. 1801.) Reported from the United States by some mycologists but possibly confused with C. auratocephalus. Hygrophorus Ravenelit Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. II. 12: 424. 1853. De- scribed from specimens collected in wet ground in South Carolina by Ravenel. The pileus is convex, cespitose, 4-6 cm. broad, orange-colored; lamellae emarginate, paler; stipe yellow, 10-12 cm. long. The stipe is usually long and thick, and whitish at the base, as in Cama- rophyllus auratocephalus. A sketch of the single type specimen at Kew and a mount of the spores, which are oblong-ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 7-8 X 5 y, were prepared for me by Miss Wakefield. Hygrophorus? variolosus Fries, Nova Acta Soc. Sci. Upsal. III. 1: 29. 1851. Described from specimens collected in Costa Rica by Oersted, who made colored drawings of fresh speci- mens and also preserved some in alcohol. ‘These specimens could not be found in Europe, but the drawings strongly suggest Armillaria alphitophylla. 39. HYGROPHORUS Fries, Gen. Hymen. 8. 1836. Hygrophorus § Limacium Fries, Epicr. Myc. 320. 1838. Limacium Schroet. Krypt.-Fl. Schies. 3!: 330, 1887. Not Limacie Lour. 1790. Fleshy, firm, putrescent, solitary or gregarious; surface viscid, not often bright-colored: lamellae waxy, adnate or decurrent: spores hyaline: stipe central, fleshy, usually solid: veil glutinous, forming an inconspicuous annulus or squamules on the stipe. Type species, Agaricus chrysodon Batsch. J. SPECIES OCCURRING IN TEMPERATE NortTH AMERICA, EXCEPT THOSE CONFINED TO THE Pacific coast aie eat white, rarely tinged with yellow, not differently colored on e disk. Stipe neither glandular-dotted nor floccose at the apex. Stipe 3-8 mm. thick. Stipe 10-20 mm. thick. Pont JOneOuas! 2. H. sordidus. Part 6, 1916] AGARICACHAE 391 Stipe yellow-floccose at the apex. 3. H. mugnaius. Stipe red-dotted at the apex, at least when dry. 4. H. glutinosus. Pileus white or whitish on the margin, and some shade of yellow, red, or brown on the disk. Pileus pale-yellow at the center, rarely reddish-yellow. 5. H. flavodiscus. Pileus reddish at the center; stipe 3-5 em. long. 6. H. serotinus. Pileus usually reddish or brown-spotted at the center; stipe 5-10 cm.tong. 7. H. Laurae. Pileus brownish at the center, with innate, blackish fibrils. 8. H. virgatulus, Pileus covered with yellow or brown gluten; lamellae greenish-yellow when old. . : 9. H. paludosus. Pileus and lamellae violaceous. 10. H. subviolaceus. Pileus some shade of red; lamellae white. Pileus scarlet, 2.5-6 cm. broad. 1l. H. speciosus. Pileus pale-incarnate, 5-12 em. broad. 12. H. pudorinus. Pileus yellawish-olive or tawny to fuliginous; lamellae yellow at maturity. 13. H. hypothejus. II. SPECIES OCCURRING ON THE PACIFIC COAST Pileus white. 1. H. jozzolus. Pileus roseous to incarnate. 14. H. fragrans. Pileus pale-pinkish-brown toward the margin, darker brown at the center. 15. H. roseibrunneus. Pileus yellowish-olive, ferruginous, or fulvous. Lamellae white or cream-colored to yellow, not changing on drying. 13. H. hypothejus. Lamellae white at maturity, changing to yellowish-brown on drying. 16. H. variicolor. III. SPECIES OCCURRING IN TROPICAL NorTH AMERICA Pileus pale-fuscous when young, becoming paler except on the disk, 3-4 cm. broad. 17. H. subpratensis. Pileus stramineous to isabelline with a testaceous tint, 2.5 cm. broad. 18. H. montanus. .1. Hygrophorus jozzolus (Scop.) Murrill. Agaricus jozzolus Scop. Fl. Carn. ed. 2,2: 431. 1772. Agaricus lacteus Schaeff. Fung. Bavar. 4: Ind. 19. 1774. Agaricus eburneus Bull. Herb. Fr. £1. 551, f. 2; byponym. 1791; Pers. Syn. Fung. 364. 1801. Hygrophorus eburneus Fries, Epicr. Myc. 321. 1838. ' Clitocybe albicastanea Murrill, Mycologia 5: 206. 1913. Pileus fleshy, moderately thick, sometimes thin, convex to expanded, 3-8 cm. broad; surface very viscid or glutinous, completely covered with a coating of gluten, entirely white or with a yellowish tint: context having a mild and not unpleasant odor; lamellae strongly decurrent, distant, with vein-like elevations near the stipe: spores ovoid, granular, 6-10 X 5- 6 uw: stipe spongy to stuffed within, sometimes hollow and tapering toward the base, 6-15 cm. long, 3-8 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Carniola. : Hasirat: On the ground in deciduous or coniferous woods or in partially shaded places. DIstRIBUTION: Throughout temperate North America; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATIONS: Atk. Stud. Am. Fungi f. 113; Bull. Herb. Fr. 91.551, f. 2; L. Dufour, Atl. Champ. pl. 19, f. 41; Gill. Champ. Fr. pl. 122 (335); Mycologia 6: pl. 131; Ricken, Blatterp. Deutschl. #l. 6, t. 5; Schaeff. Fung. Bavar. pl. 39 (as A. lacteus). 2. Hygrophorus sordidus Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 25: 322. 1898. Pileus broadly convex to subplane, 5-10 em. broad; surface glabrous, subviscid, white, margin strongly involute, then expanded or reflexed: context firm when young, tough when old; lamellae adnate or decurrent, subdistant, white or cream-white: spores ellipsoid, 6.5—7.5 X 4-5 w: stipe short, firm, white, solid, 5-10 cm. long, 1-2 cm. thick: veil cobwebby in young hymenophores. TYPE Locatity: Tacoma Park, District of Columbia. Hasirat: In pine woods. DistRiButIon: Southern New York to the District of Columbia and west to Ohio. ILLUSTRATION: Hard, Mushrooms f. 176. 3. Hygrophorus mugnaius (Scop.) Murrill. Agaricus mugnaius Scop. Fl. Carn. ed. 2. 2: 429. 1772. Agaricus chrysodon Batsch, Elench. Fung. Contin. 2:79. 1789. Hygrophorus chrysodon Fries, Epicr. Myc. 320. 1821. Pileus fleshy, convex-plane, 4-6 cm. broad; surface viscid, floccose, white, margin involute: lamellae distant, rather thin, becoming crisped, white: spores ellipsoid, hyaline, 8-9 X 4-5 yu: 392 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLumE 9 stipe subequal, squamulose, white, stuffed, yellow-floccose at the apex, 5—6 cm. long, 1-2 cm. thick: annulus incomplete, of yellow flocci. TYPE LocaLiry: Carniola. Haszitat: In woods. js rn ae DISTRIBUTION: Canada to Alabama; also in Hurope. . TILuustRations: Atk. Stud. Am. Fungi f. 112; Batsch, Elench. Fung. f. 212; Gill. Champ. Fr, pl. 330; Ricken, Blatterp. Deutschl. pl. 6, f. 4. Exsiccatt: D. Sace. Myc. Ital. 1610. 4. Hygrophorus glutinosus Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 10: 950. 1902. Hygrophorus rubropunctus Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 116: 49. 1907. Pileus fleshy, firm, convex, 2.5—5 cm. broad; surface white or tinged with yellow, glutinous, margin involute: context white; lamellae adnate, subdistant, white: spores 7-10 X 4-6 u: stipe equal, white, solid, floccose-tomentose, glutinous at the base, glandular-dotted above the annulus, the dots becoming red on drying, 2.5 cm. long, 6-8 mm. thick: annulus glutinous. Typx Locatity: Bolton, New York. Hasitat: On the ground in partial shade. DistRIBUTION: New York to North Carolina. 5. Hygrophorus flavodiscus Frost & Peck; Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 35: 134. 1884. Pileus convex or plane, 2.5—7.5 cm. broad; surface smooth, glutinous, white, with a pale- yellow or reddish-yellow disk: lamellae adnate or decurrent, subdistant, white, sometimes with a slight flesh-colored tint, the interspaces sometimes veiny: spores ellipsoid, 7-7.5 X 44: stipe subequal, solid, glutinous, white, sometimes slightly stained with yellow, 5-7.5 cm. long, 4-16 mm. thick. Type LOCALITY: West Albany, New York. Hasitat: In pine woods. DISTRIBUTION: New England and New York to Ohio. ILLUSTRATIONS: Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 51: pl. 51, f. 6-11; Hard, Mushrooms f. 167; Mem. N. Y. State Mus. 3: pl. 50, f. 1-6; Mycologia 4: pl. 56, f. 11. 6. Hygrophorus serotinus Peck, Bull. N. V. State Mus. 116: 32. 1907. Pileus fleshy but thin, convex or nearly plane, often with the thin margin curved upward, gregarious or cespitose, 3-6 cm. broad; surface glabrous or with a few obscure, innate fibrils, reddish at the center, whitish on the margin: context white, the taste mild; lamellae thin, subdistant, adnate or decurrent, white, the interspaces slightly venose: spores-ellipsoid, hyaline, 7.5 X 5 u: stipe equal, stuffed or hollow, glabrous, whitish, 3-5 cm. long, 3~10 mm. thick. TYPE LocaLity: Near Boston, Massachusetts. HasitarT: Oak and pine woods. DisTRIBUTION: Massachusetts and southern New York. 7. Hygrophorus Laurae Morgan, Jour. Cine. Soc. Nat. Hist. 6: 180. 1883. Pileus fleshy, more or less irregular, convex-umbonate to depressed, 5-10 em. broad; surface glutinous, white, often reddish or brown-spotted on the disk: lamellae heterophyllous, adnate-decurrent, distant, white: spores ellipsoid, apiculate, pellucid, 8.5 X 5.5 «: stipe more or less curved or inflexed, yellowish-white, solid, rough at the apex, tapering downward, 5-10 cm. long, 1 cm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Miami Valley, Ohio. Haszirat: Among leaves in woods. Distrrpution: New York to North Carolina and west to Kansas. ILLusTRATIONS: Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 10: pl. 77, f. 6-14; 94: —11; i . Nat. Hist. 6: pl. 9; Mycologia 2: pl. 27, f. 10. . ¢ a a ae Exsiceatt: Shear, N. VY. Fungi 302, Part 6, 1916] AGARICACEAE 393 8. Hygrophorus virgatulus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 26: 64. 1874. Pileus convex or expanded, subcespitose, 2.5-5 cm. broad; surface viscid when moist, minutely virgate with innate, blackish fibrils, whitish with a brownish disk: lamellae distant, arcuate-decurrent, white: stipe equal or tapering downward, with a few small, white, floccose scales at the apex, solid, viscid, 6-10 cm. long, 4-6 mm. thick. Type Locatity: North Greenbush, New York. HasiraT: On the ground in open woods. DIsTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 9. Hygrophorus paludosus Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 29: 70. 1902. Pileus fleshy, convex, obtuse, 2-4 cm. broad; surface whitish, covered with yellow or brown gluten: context white, the odor earthy, the taste slightly acrid; lamellae adnate or subdecurrent, subdistant, whitish, stained greenish-yellow when old: spores hyaline, 8-10 * 5-7 u: stipe rather long, flexuous, often curved at the base, nearly equal, glutinous, white with yellow glan- dular dots at the apex, streaked with brown gluten when dry, solid, 5-10 cm. long, 4-8 mm. thick. TYPE Locality: Greenville, Michigan. Hapitar: Growing among sphagnum. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 10. Hygrophorus subviolaceus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 53: 842. 1900. Pileus firm, hemispheric to convex, 2.5-4 cm. broad; surface glabrous, hygrophanous, viscid, violaceous when moist, paler or grayish when dry: context white; lamellae decurrent, distant, arcuate, pale-violaceous: spores subglobose, 6-7.5 X 5-6 yu: stipe equal or tapering downward, glabrous, white, solid, 2.5-4 cm. long, 8 mm. thick. TYvPE LOCALITY: Meadowdale, New York. Hasrrat: Damp, mucky ground in swamps. DisTrRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. ILLUSTRATIONS: Ann. Rep. N. ¥. State Mus. 53: pl. C, f. 11-15. 11. Hygrophorus speciosus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 29: 43. 1878. Hygrophorus coloratus Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 122: 21. 1908. Pileus at first ovate or subconic, then expanded, often with a small umbo, gregarious, 2.5-6 cm. broad; surface smooth, glutinous, bright-red or scarlet, becoming yellowish, margin thin, decurved: lamellae arcuate, adnate or decurrent, subdistant, white or yellowish, inter- veined: spores ellipsoid, 8-9 5-6 yw: stipe long, subequal, white or yellowish, sometimes viscid, 6-13 cm. long, 4-10 mm. thick: veil slight, floccose, rarely present. Type LocaLity: Greig, New York. Hasirat: In sphagnum bogs. ae DistrRiBurion: New England, New York, and Michigan. ILLUSTRATIONS: Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 29: pl. 2, f. 1-5; Hard, Mushrooms f. 168; Mem. N.Y. State Mus. 3: pl. 51, f. 21-28. 12. Hygrophorus pudorinus Fries, Epicr. Myc. 322. 1838. Agaricus pudorinus Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 33. 1821. Pileus fleshy, convex to depressed, gregarious to cespitose, 5-12 cm. broad; surface gla- brous, viscid, not pelliculose, pale-incarnate, sometimes yellow-spotted: context white, the taste mild; lamellae distant, squarely adnate to slightly decurrent, thick, white: spores ellipsoid, hyaline, 8 X 44: stipe scabrous above with white points, which usually become reddish on drying, solid, firm, white, 5-12 cm. long, 1-2 cm. thick. TYPE LocaLity: Sweden. Hasirat: On the ground in woods. . DistrruTion: New York and Michigan; also in Europe. ; , ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 67: pl. 83, f. 1-6; Gill. Champ. Fr. pl. 123 (347); Ricken, Blatterp. Deutschl. pl. 4, f. 3. 394 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [Volumes 9 13. Hygrophorus hypothejus Fries, Epicr. Myc. 324. 1838. Agaricus hypothejus Fries, Obs. Myc. 2:10. 1818. Hygrophorus fuligineus Frost & Peck; Peck, Ann. Rep. N. VY. State Mus. 35: 134. 1884. Hygrophorus elegantulus Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 22: 200. 1895. Hygrophorus amygdalinus Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 25:322. 1898. Hygrophorus Morrisii Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 26: 64. 1899, Hydrocybe arenicola Murrill, Mycologia 4: 208. 1912. Hygrophorus subpusiulatus Murrill, Mycologia 4: 210. 1912, Pileus convex to slightly depressed, often with a small umbo, gregarious, 2.5-10 cm. broad; surface smooth, glutinous, yellowish-olive or tawny to fuliginous, usually darker on the disk, margin sometimes wavy or irregular: context white or yellowish; lamellae moderately broad, slightly decurrent, rarely adnate, rather distant, white or cream-colored to light-orange-yellow, the interspaces often veiny: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 5-10 X 4-5 uw: stipe variable in length, equal or ventricose, sometimes attenuate at the base, stuffed, glutinous, except at the apex, white or yellowish, rarely darker below, 4-10 cm. long, 0.5-2 cm. thick: veil partial, floc- cose, evanescent. Type LocaLiry: Sweden. Hasirat: In pine woods. DISTRIBUTION: Throughout temperate North America; also in Europe. . ILLUSTRATIONS: Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 49: pl. 45, f. 8-14; Atk. Stud. Am. Fungi f. 114; Boudier, Ic. Myc. pl. 32; Gill. Champ. Fr. pl. 126 (337); Hard, Mushrooms f. 169; Mem. N. Y. State Mus: 3: pl. 50, f. 7-12. Exsiccatt: Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb. 1403; Krieger, Fungi Sax. 481; Sydow, Myc. Mar. 615, 3104. 14. Hygrophorus fragrans Murrill, Mycologia 4: 210. 1912. Pileus convex to depressed, not umbonate, gregarious, decidedly fragrant when dry, 8-10 cm. broad; surface smooth, glabrous, viscid, roseous to incarnate, with white margin and some- what darker center: context rather thick and fleshy, white; lamellae adnate, distant, inserted, white: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, averaging 8 X 5 yu: stipe long, equal, solid, furfuraceous, whitish to cremeous or ochraceous, punctate with reddish-brown dots in dried specimens and turning reddish-brown where handled, reaching 10 cm. long and 2 em. thick. Type LOCALITY: Corvallis, Oregon. Hasirat: In low coniferous woods. DistRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 15. Hygrophorus roseibrunneus Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus very irregular, convex to depressed, often umbonate, solitary or gregarious, 3-7 cm. broad; surface smooth, viscid, light-pinkish-brown toward the margin, deeper brown at the center, margin entire: context white, spongy, without characteristic odor or taste; lamellae decurrent, white, not crowded: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 6-8 X 4-5 u: stipe fleshy, subequal, compressed, white, farinose, smooth, usually solid, 5-10 em. long, 6-12 mm. thick. Type collected under an oak tree at Jasper Ridge, near Stanford University, California, Januar 11, 1912, James McMurphy 135 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). ae ad a Hasitat: Under oak trees. DistRIBUTION: Throughout most of southern California. 16.. Hygrophorus variicolor Murrill, Mycologia 4: 209. 1912. Pileus rather thick and fleshy, convex to nearly plane, sometimes umbonate, solitary, 5-12 em. broad; surface smooth, the center moist, subviscid, and glabrous, the margin dry and hispid-scaly, color varying from fulvous at the center to ferruginous-fulvous between center and margin, and stramineous on a marginal zone 1-5 cm. broad: lamellae squarely adnate, some- what decurrent in large plants, subdistant, inserted, white, waxy, changing to reddish-brown on drying: spores ovoid, smooth, hyaline, 6-8 X 44.5 uw: stipe fleshy, subequal, white, pul- verulent, 4 cm. long, nearly 1 cm. thick: veil represented by a few short, brownish fibrils at the middle of the stipe. TYPE LOCALITY: Mill City, Oregon. Hasitat: On the ground in low woods. DISTRIBUTION: Oregon and Washington. Part 6, 1916] AGARICACHAE 395 17. Hygrophorus subpratensis Murrill, Mycologia 3: 199. 1911. Pileus convex, obtuse, gregarious, 3-4 cm. broad; surface pale-fuscous when young, be- coming pallid or whitish with darker disk, slimy-viscid, not striate, the pellicle separable: context white, unchanging, the odor and taste mild; lamellae deeply sinuate, broad, crowded, white: spores globose or subglobose, smooth, hyaline, 5 4: stipe cylindric, equal, slimy-viscid, white, solid but spongy, 3-4 em. long, 3-4 mm. thick: veil slimy-viscid, scarcely leaving an annulus. TYPE LOCALITY: Santiago de las Vegas, Cuba. Hasitat: On lawns and on banana trash. DIsTRIBUTION: Santiago de las Vegas, Cuba. 18. Hygrophorus montanus Murrill, Mycologia 3: 199. 1911. Pileus plane or convex, smooth, depressed, gregarious, 2.5 em. broad; surface smooth, viscid, stramineous to isabelline, with a testaceous tint, margin incurved, white, entire: lamellae adnexed, rather broad, yellowish-white, discolored in blotches on drying, pruinose on the edges: spores pip-shaped, smooth, faintly yellowish, 8-10 x 4-5: stipe shining, watery-white, smooth, cylindric, equal, fleshy-fibrous, 4 cm. long, 5 mm. thick: veil very slight, not forming an anntilus. TYPE Locality: New Haven Gap, Jamaica. HasitaT: On the ground in a trail. DisTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. DOUBTFUL SPECIES Hygrophorus caerulescens Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. III. 4: 292. 1859. De- scribed from specimens collected by Sprague among dead leaves and sticks in woods in New England. Like all Sprague’s collections at Kew, this is accompanied by excellent notes and a beautiful sketch, which is very similar to Camarophyllus fulvosus in shape. ‘The pileus is described as “delicate blue-drab,” the lamellae as “much decurrent, of a deeper colour than the pileus,’”’ and the stipe as ‘ white with a light blue tint.” Hygrophorus capreolarius (Kalchbr.) Fries, Hymen. Eur. 407. 1874. (Hygrophorus erubescens capreolarius Kalchbr. Ic. Hymen. Hung. 35. 1874.) Reported from North Elba, New York, by Peck, but I find no specimens at Albany that correspond with European material. Hygrophorus cossus (Sow.) Fries, Epicr. Myc. 321. 1838. (Agaricus cossus Sow. Engl. Fungi p]. 121. 1798.) Reported from New York by Peck but later omitted from his list because the determination of specimens was doubtful. The species is very similar to H. jozzolus, but has a strong odor. Hygrophorus erubescens Fries, Epicr. Myc. 322. 1838. Reported from severak of the eastern states by the older mycologists and more recently from New Jersey by Ellis and New York by Peck. Specimens so named at Albany are quite different from authentic European specimens, having a shorter stipe, more crowded lamellae, and much paler colors. Hygrophorus fuscoalbus (Lasch) Fries, Epicr. Myc. 324. 1838. Reported by Peck as rare in northern New York, occurring under spruce and balsam fir trees. Hygrophorus lactus Johnson, Bull. Minn. Acad. Sci. 1: 336. 1878. Described from speci- mens collected among dead poplar leaves in Minnesota. The pileus is grayish-white covered with milk-white gluten. Hygrophorus limacinus (Scop.) Fries, Epicr. Myc. 324. 1838. (Agaricus limacinus Scop. Fl. Carn. ed. 2, 2: 422. 1772.) Reported once from New York by Peck, who may have confused it with H. hypothejus. . Hygrophorus livido-albus Fries, Epicr. Myc. 324. 1838. Reported by Peck as occurring rarely in New York. Hygrophorus penarius Fries, Epicr. Myc. 321. 1838. This beautiful white species was omitted by Peck in his later studies becatise he was doubtful about the determination of the specimens. It is possible that H. sordidus or its relatives may account for American material referred to this species. 396 _ NORTH AMERICAN FLORA Hygrophorus purpurascens (Alb. & Schw.) Fries, Epicr. Myc. 322. 1805.) Reported from New York by Peck, who says that the American plant is quite different from the European. Reported from New York by Peck purpurascens Alb. & Schw. Consp. Fung. 182. Hygrophorus Queletit Bres. Fungi Trid. 1:11. 1881. [VorumE 9 1838. (Agaricus in 1889, but the specimens so determined were later referred to H. pudorinus, Hygrophorus tephroleucus Fries, Epicr. Myc. 328. Reported from some of the eastern states by the older mycologists, who probably confused it with forms of H. hypothejus. 40. CLITOCYBE (Fries) Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 48. Omphalius Roussel, Fl. Calvados ed. 2. 66. ren Not Omphalea L. 1759. Agaricus § Clitocybe Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 78. 1872. Pileus fleshy, putrescent, mostly glabrous and not viscid, usually solitary or gregarious, cespitose but not wood-loving in a few species: lamellae decurrent, often adnate or varying to adnate: spores hyaline, usually smooth: stipe central, fleshy: veil none. Type species, Clitocybe nebularis (Batsch) Quél. J. SPECIES OCCURRING IN TEMPERATE NorTH AMERICA, EXCEPT THOSE CONFINED TO THE PACIFIC COAST Pileus white or whitish, sometimes differently colored on the disk. Pileus usually 3-5 cm. broad, rarely reaching 7 cm. Stipe 2.5~-5 cm. long. Hymenophore entirely white throughout, unvarying and un- changing. Species growing in grassy places. Hymenophore gregarious. Hymenopbore cespitose. Species growing on decayed wood. Stipe glabrous. Stipe strigose below, often eccentric. Species growing among leaves in woods. Pileus 1-3.5 em. broad. Stipe 2 mm. thick. Stipe 3-6 mm. thick. Pileus 4~7 cm. broad. Hymenophore whitish, partly tinged with some other color or varying to yellowish. Species growing in grassy places. Species growing on decayed wood. Spores globose. Spores ovoid. Species growing on the ground in woods. Stipe brown when moist, paler when dry. Stipe white or whitish. Context with farinaceous odor. Surface whitish, tinged with brown, at least on the disk. Surface very pale avellaneous. Context without farinaceous odor. Stipe 2-4 mm. thick. Stipe 4-8 mm. thick. Stipe reaching 7 cm. long. Stipe 2-5 mm. thick. Pileus plane or obtuse. Pileus umbilicate or infundibuliform. Stipe 5-12 mm. thick. Lamellae white, unchanging. Lamellae white, becoming yellowish-ochraceous. Lamellae whitish, becoming blackish on drying. Stipe 20 mm. thick. Pileus about 10 cm. broad. Stipe 2.5—7 cm. long. Stipe 1.5 em. or less thick. Stipe 1.5-2.5 em. thick. Stipe 7-10 em. long. Stipe 10-15 cm. long. Pileus yellow, yellowish, or isabelline. Hymenophore solitary or gregarious. Pileus 7 mm. broad. Pileus 1-2.5 cm. broad. BOW Ne NOW ANA an an aan a an aa anag an dealbata. Whetstoneae, iruncicola, eccentrica, candens. . regularis. pithyophila,. aperta. leptoloma, Robinsoniae. fuscipes. albidula. farinacea. phyllophiloides. subcyathiformis. connexa. adirondackensis. catina, phyllophila. subnigricans. tenebricosa. subconnexa, robusta. Overholtsii. submarmorea. parvula. Part 6, 1916] AGARICACEAE 397 Context with bitter taste. 27. C. fellea. Context without bitter taste. Stipe equal. 28. C. flavidella. Stipe subbulbous. 29. C. subbulbipes. Pileus 2.5—7 em. broad. Surface glabrous. 30. C. pulcherrima. Surface hairy-tomentose. 31. C. subhirta. Pileus 7-12 em. broad. 32. C. nobilis, Hymenophore densely cespitose. Pileus 7 cm. or less broad. Spores ellipsoid; pileus thin. 33. C. multiformis. Spores globose; pileus thick. 34. C. multiceps. Pileus 12 em. broad. 35. C. elephantina. Pileus brownish when moist, becoming whitish or yellowish on drying. Pileus 4-10 mm. broad. 36. C. peltigerina. Pileus 1-2.5 cm. broad. 37. C. subditopoda. Pileus 2.5—5 cm. broad. Pileus squamulose. 38. C. subsquamaia. Pileus glabrous. Stipe 4-8 mm. thick; lamellae becoming cinereous. 39. C. dicolor. Stipe 2-4 mm. thick; lamellae not becoming cinereous. 40. C. hiemalis. Pileus green or greenish, fading with age or on drying. 41. C. virens. Pileus some shade of red or reddish-brown. ; Pileus pale-rosy-isabelline, often pale-bay on the disk; stipe 1-2 cm. thick. 42. C. subclavipes. Pileus reddish-flesh-colored; lamellae reddish. 43. C. trullisata. Pileus ochraceous-red; lamellae becoming yellowish. 44, C. sinopica. Pileus brick-colored to tan-colored; lamellae becoming reddish. 45. C. inversa. Pileus brownish or reddish-brown; lamellae pallid or subcinereous. 46. C. subconcava. Pileus reddish, brownish, or pale-tan-colored; lamellae white, un- changing. Pileus 2-3 em. broad. Species growing in grassy places. 47. C. compressipes. Species growing under pine trees. 48. C. pinophila,. Pileus 4-7 cm. broad. 49. C. infundibuliformis. Pileus some shade of gray, grayish-brown, or blackish-brown. Pileus 2-5 em. broad. Pileus gray or light-brown. Species growing in grassy places. 50. C. vilescens. Species growing in humus in woods. 51. C. lactariiformis. Pileus dark-brown. 52. C. concava. Pileus 5-10 cm. or more broad. Stipe short, rarely reaching 7 cm. . Stipe white. 53. C. fumosa. Stipe brown or blackish. Stipe equal. 54. C. media. Stipe much thickened at the base. 55. C. clavipes. Stipe long, 10-15 cm. Pileus avellaneous. 56. C. coloradensis. Pileus dark-brown. 57. C. Earlei. II. SPECIES OCCURRING ON THE PACIFIC COAST Pileus white, whitish, or slightly yellowish. : Pileus 0.5-1.5 cm. broad. 58. C. pusilla. Pileus 2-4 cm. broad, sometimes larger in C. microspora. Species growing in grassy places. 1. C. dealbata. Species growing in the woods. : Pileus umbonate, the umbo avellaneous. 59. C. subfumosipes. Pileus not umbonate, depressed at the center. Stipe 2-4 em. long. . Spores globose. 60. C. microspora. Spores ellipsoid. 5. C. candens. Stipe 4-6 cm. long. 61. C. subdicolor. Pileus 5-10 em. broad. Stipe 3-6 cm. long. . . : Lamellae distant; stipe equal. 62. C. washingtonensis. Lamellae more or less crowded; stipe thickened at the base. 63. C. variabilis, Stipe 10-15 cm. long. ae Pileus gregarious; stipe 15 em. or more long. 64. C. stipitate. = Pileus cespitose; stipe 9-16 cm. long. 65. C. albiformis. Pileus stramineous. Fl Pileus convex to plane. 66. C. subcandicans. ,, Pileus umbilicate to depressed. 67. C. Peckii. Pileus isabelline. : Pileus umbilicate to infundibuliform. 68. C. oregonensis. Pileus convex to plane, sometimes slightly depressed. ; Lamellae white, not changing. 69. C. rugosipes. Lamellae rosy-isabelline, becoming darker. 70. C. vialis. 398 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VOLUME 9 Pileus dull-rosy-isabelline with a fulvous tint; lamellae and stipe con- colorous. Pileus some shade of fulvous or latericeous. Pileus 2-5 cm. broad. 71. C. cuticolor. Pileus gibbous, subfulvous. 72. C. hondensis. Pileus slightly depressed, very light brown when moist, fulvous when dry. 73. C. subinversa. Pileus usually umbilicate, ochraceous-red. 44. C. sinopica. Pileus 5-8 em. broad, infundibuliform. 45. C. inversa. Pileus some shade of gray, brown, or black, rarely with a violet tint. Lamellae white or yellowish, unchanging. Pileus becoming infundibuliform, 10 cm. or more broad. 74, C. avellaneialba. Pileus not becoming infundibuliform. Pileus reaching 4.5 cm. broad, avellaneous with fuliginous center. 75, C. oculata, Pileus 5-10 em. broad. Stipe 4-6 cm. long. 55. C. clavipes. Stipe 10-15 cm. long. 76. C. oreades. Lamellae gray, violet, murinous, or blackish, or becoming so with age or on drying. Pileus 2-3 cm. broad. : Pileus grayish-violet, tinged with brown on the disk; lamellae pale-violet. 77. C. violaceifolia. Pileus smoky-brown; lamellae murinous. 78. C. murinifolia. Pileus 2-6 cm. broad. Pileus fuliginous; lamellae white to grayish-discolored. 79. C. atrialba. Pileus dull-avellaneous; lamellae concolorous, becoming fuli- ginous. 80. C. brunnescens. Pileus 8-10 cm. broad. Pileus solitary, grayish-white or avellaneous. 81. C. grisetfolia. Pileus subcespitose, cinereous to pale-murinous. 82. C. Harperi. III. SPECIES OCCURRING IN TROPICAL NorTH AMERICA Pileus snow-white, 7 mm. broad. 83. C. niveicolor. Pileus whitish or pale-isabelline. Pileus 1 cm. broad. 84. C. trojana. Pileus 5-8 cm. broad. Stipe 2—4 mm. thick. 85. C. Broadwayi. Stipe 2 em. thick. 86. C. mexicana. Pileus pallid with a rosy tint, light-bay on the conic umbo, 2 cm. broad. 87. C. incrustata. Pileus dilute-testaceous, deeply umbilicate, 3-5 cm. broad. . 88. C. testaceoflava. 1. Clitocybe dealbata (Sow.) Gill. Champ. Fr. 152. 1874. Agaricus dealbatus Sow. Engl. Fungi pl. 123. 1798. Pileus slightly fleshy, convex becoming plane, gregarious; 2.5-4 cm. broad; surface dry, smooth, glabrous, subshining, white, margin sometimes upturned or wavy: context white, the taste mild; lamellae crowded, thin, adnate, white: spores ellipsoid, 4.5 X 2-2.5 ut stipe fibrous, equal, stuffed, pruinose or mealy at the apex, white, 2-3 cm. long, 2-3 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: England. Hasttat: Grassy places. DiIsTRIBUTION: Temperate North America; also in Europe. . Pe aoe: Cooke, Brit. Fungi pl. 104 (142); Hussey, Ill. Brit. Myc. 2: pl. 36; Sow. Engl. ungi pl. 2. Clitocybe Whetstoneae Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex to plane or slightly depressed, cespitose, 5 cm. broad; surface dry, smooth, glabrous, white, not striate, margin entire, concolorous, inflexed on drying: context whitish, the taste sweet and the odor pleasant; lamellae decurrent, rather narrow, exceedingly crowded, white: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, about 5 X 3 uw: stipe tapering upward, smooth, gla- brous, white, hollow, 5 em. long, 7 mm thick. ‘ Type collected in grass at Minneapolis, Minnesota, Mary S. Whetstone (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 3. Clitocybe truncicola (Peck) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 184. 1887. Agaricus (Clitocybe) truncicola Peck, Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 1: 46. 1873. Pileus thin, firm, expanded or slightly depressed at the center, 1.5—3.5 cm. broad; surface glabrous, dry, white: lamellae crowded, thin, narrow, adnate or slightly decurrent, white: Part 6, 1916] AGARICACHAE 399 spores broadly ellipsoid or subglobose, 4.5 X 3-4 u: stipe slender, equal, stuffed or hollow, glabrous, whitish, often curved and eccentric from the place of growth, 2.5 cm. long, 2 mm. thick. TYPE Locality: Croghan, New York. Hasrirat: Trunks of deciduous trees, especially sugar maple. DISTRIBUTION: New York and Ohio. 4, Clitocybe eccentrica Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 25: 321. 1898. ‘Pileus very thin, umbilicate or subinfundibuliform, gregarious or cespitose, 2.5-5 cm. broad; surface glabrous, watery-white and shining when moist, white when dry, margin thin, often lobed, irregular or deeply cleft on one side: lamellae narrow, close, decurrent, white: spores 4-5 X 2.5-3 uw: stipe slender, often eccentric, white, tough, solid, glabrous, strigosely hairy at the base, often with long branching strands of white mycelium permeating the matrix, 2.5-4 em. long, 2-4 mm. thick. Type LOCALITY: Vermont. Hasitat: Much decayed wood. DistRisutTion: New England to North Carolina and west to Wisconsin. 5. Clitocybe candens Murrill. Agaricus umbilicatus Bolt. Hist. Fung. 17. 1788. Not A. umbilicatus Schaeff. 1774. Agaricus candicans Pers. Syn. Fung. 456. 1801. Not A. candicans Schaeff. 1774. Clitocybe albo-umbilicata Murrill, Mycologia 7: 257,in part. 1915. Not Agaricus albo-umbilicatus Hoffm. Nom. Fung. 152, 1789. Pileus slightly fleshy, convex becoming plane or depressed, umbilicate, regular, gregarious, 2-3 cm. broad; surface smooth, shining, with a superficial silky film, white when moist, shining- white when dry: context somewhat tough; lamellae very thin, crowded, narrow, adnate be- coming decurrent, white: spores 4-6 X 4 u: stipe smooth, equal, waxy, polished, rarely slightly eccentric, hollow or nearly so, shining, often curved, rooting and villose at the base, 2-4 cm. long, 2-5 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Europe. Hasrrat: Among fallen leaves in woods. . DistrrBution: Eastern United States; California; also in Europe. 6. Clitocybe regularis Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 10: 948. 1902. Pileus thin, flexible, broadly convex, becoming nearly plane, often depressed at the center, orbicular, regular, 1-2.5 cm. broad; surface whitish when moist, white when dry: context white, the taste mild; lamellae thin, narrow, crowded, decurrent, whitish: spores minute, 4-5 X 2.5-3 wu: stipe firm, equal, glabrous, solid or rarely hollow, whitish, spongy and thickened at the base, 2.5 cm. long, 3-6 mm. thick. TYPE Locatrty: Bolton, New York. HasitatT: Among leaves in woods. DisrrisuTion: New York and Texas. In.ustrations: Bull. N. ¥. State Mus. 10: pl. K, f. 1-7. 7. Clitocybe pithyophila(Fries) Gill. Champ. Fr. 152. 1874. Agaricus (Clitocybe) pithyophilus Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 83. 1821. Pileus fleshy, thin, nearly plane, umbilicate, gregarious or subcespitose, 4-7 cm. broad; surface glabrous, white when moist, shining-white when dry, margin o ten wavy or lobed: lamellae crowded, plane, narrow. adnate or slightly decurrent, persistently white: spores 6-7 X 3-4 p: stipe equal, glabrous, downy at the base, somewhat hollow, often compressed, white or yellowish, 4-5 cm. long, 3-4 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Europe. Hasrrat: Pine woods. | Distripurion: New York to Ohio; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATION: Hard, Mushrooms f. 73. 400 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 9 8. Clitocybe aperta (Peck) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 164. 1887. Agaricus (Clitocybe) apertus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. ¥. State Mus. 30: 38. 1878. Pileus convex, becoming plane or centrally depressed, often irregular, gregarious or ces- pitose, 2.5 cm. broad; surface whitish, sometimes tinged with lilac and marked with one or two darker zones: context with farinaceous odor and disagreeable taste; lamellae crowded, narrow, adnate or slightly decurrent, whitish, often with a faint pinkish tint: spores 4-6 X 2-3 yp: stipe short, equal or attenuate downward, solid, whitish, 2.5-5 cm. long, 2 mm. thick. TypE LOCALITY: Maryland, Otsego County, New York. Hasrtat: Grassy ground by roadsides and in pastures. DISTRIBUTION: New York. 9. Clitocybe leptoloma Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 157: 68. 1912. Agaricus (Clitocybe) leptolomus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 32: 26. 1880. Pileus thin, umbilicate, gregarious or cespitose, 3—5 cm. broad; surface glabrous, hygro- phanous, creamy-white when moist, white when dry, very thin on the margin: lamellae thin, narrow, crowded, some of them forked, decurrent, white: spores minute, globose or subglobose, 3-4 pw: stipe equal, glabrous, generally curved or flexuous, stuffed, concolorous, with a white villosity at the base, 3-5 cm. long, 2-4 mm. thick. Type Locauity: Indian Lake, Adirondack Mountains, New York. Hasirat: Prostrate trunks of trees. DistRiBpution: Adirondack Mountains, New York. 10. Clitocybe Robinsoniae Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus broadly depressed at maturity, thin, solitary, 3 cm. broad; surface smooth, glabrous, creamy-white, shining, margin entire, concolorous, sharply inflexed on drying: context thin, white, the taste nutty and pleasant; lamellae adnate or short-decurrent, narrow, much crowded, inserted, white: spores ovoid, smooth, hyaline, 5-7 2-3.5 u: stipe slightly tapering upward, smooth, glabrous, white, shining, longitudinally grooved, 2.5 cm. long, 3 mm. thick. Type collected on rotten wood under spruce at Yellowstone Lake, Wyoming, 2,300 m., August 9, 1912, Winifred J. Robinson 36 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 11. Clitocybe fuscipes Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 44: 129 (17). 1891. Pileus thin, broadly convex or plane, umbilicate, 8-16 mm. broad; surface glabrous, whitish and striatulate when moist, pure-white when dry: context with a farinaceous odor and taste; lamellae nearly plane, subdistant, adnate or slightly decurrent, white: spores globose, 5-6 w: stipe equal, ho'low, glabrous or slightly mealy at the apex, brown when moist, paler when dry, 2.5 cm. long, about 2 mm. thick. TYPE LOcALtty: Carrollton, New York. Hasirat: Under pine trees. DistTRrsution: Known only from the type locality. 12. Clitocybe albidula Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 46: 103 (23). 1893. Clitocybe centralis Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 53: 841. 1900. Pileus convex or nearly plane, becoming umbilicate or centrally depressed, gregarious, 1-3 cm. broad; surface glabrous, whitish tinged with brown wholly or at the center only, whitish when dry; margin faintly striatulate when moist: context whitish, the odor and taste farinaceous; lamellae thin, crowded, adnate or slightly decurrent, whitish: spores minute, ellipsoid, 5-6 X 2.5-3 4: stipe short, equal, glabrous or slightly pruinose, stuffed or hollow, concolorous, 2-4 cm. long, 2-4 mm. thick, TYPE LOCALITY: Delmar, New Vork. HasrraT: In pine or mixed woods. DISTRIBUTION: Northern New York. ILLUSTRATIONS: Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 53: pl. C, f. 16-20. Part 6, 1916] AGARICACEAE 401 13. Clitocybe farinacea Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex, umbilicate, rather thin, gregarious, 2-3.5 cm. broad; surface smooth, glabrous, hygrophanous, very pale avellaneous, margin entire or undulate, concolorous, be- coming inflexed and often crenate on drying: context thin, whitish, strongly farinaceous both in odor and taste; lamellae short-decurrent, determinate, arcuate, of medium distance when fresh but rather distant when dry: spores ovoid, smooth, hyaline, 6-8 X 3-5 u: stipe equal, fleshy but more or less flexible, with a rather tough rind, pallid, smooth, pulverulent at the apex, nearly solid, 3-4 cm. long, 2-4 mm. thick. Type collected on rich soil in deciduous woods near the New York Botanical Garden, September 10, 1911, W. A. Murriill (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). Hasarrat: In rich soil, rarely in humus, in deciduous woods. DISTRIBUTION: Southern New York and New Jersey. 14. Clitocybe phyllophiloides Peck, Bull. N. ‘Y. State Mus. 167: 19. 1913. Pileu; thin, broadly convex or nearly plane, soon centrally depressed or subumbilicate, solitary, 2.5-6.5 cm. broad; surface glabrous, pure-white or sometimes with a slight yellowish tint at the center: context white, the taste mildly farinaceous, the odor none; lamellae thin, narrow, close, adnate or subdecurrent, white becoming pallid with age: spores 4-5 K 2-4 nu: stipe short, equal, solid, white with a white mass of tomentum at the base, 2.5-4 cm. long, 2-4 mm. thick. Type LocaLity: Constableville, New York. Hastrrat: Among fallen leaves in spruce woods. DistrrBuTION: Known only from the type locality. 15. Clitocybe subcyathiformis Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 122: 136. 1908. Pileus fleshy but thin, broadly convex or nearly plane, becoming centrally depressed, gre- garious, 2.5-5 em. broad; surface glabrous, watery-white and often obscurely striatulate on the thin, soon spreading margin when moist, white when dry, sometimes slightly colored at the center: context white, the taste mild; lamellae thin, narrow, rather crowded, adnate or slightly decurrent, white or whitish: spores ellipsoid, 6-8 X 4-5 yw: stipe equal or slightly tapering up- ward, stuffed or hollow, fibrillose-reticulate, whitish, often with a whitish mycelioid tomentum at the base, 2.5~4.5 cm. long, 4-8 mm. thick. Type Locatity: Albany County, New York. Hasrrat: Among fallen leaves under alders and birches. DistriBution: New York. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 122: pl. 110, f. 1-6. 16. Clitocybe connexa (Peck) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 197. 1887. Agaricus (Clitocybe) connexus Peck, Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 1:45. 1873. Pileus fleshy, convex becoming. nearly plane, obtuse, 5-7 em. broad; surface glabrous or minutely silky, white or grayish-white, opaque, margin thin: context with a fragrant, spicy odor; lamellae crowded, adnate or slightly decurrent, white or whitish, 2-3 mm. broad: spores ellipsoid, 6-8 X 4-5 u: stipe equal or nearly so, firm, solid, whitish, downy or villose at the base, 2.5~7 em. long, 3-5 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Croghan, New York. Hasrrat: Woods. 7 DistRrBvuTION: New England to Wisconsin. 17. Clitocybe adirondackensis (Peck) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5:180. 1887. Agaricus adirondackensis Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Cab. 23:77. 1872. Pileus thin, convex or nearly plane and umbilicate, or soon very concave and infundibuli- form, scattered or gregarious, 2.5-5 em. broad; surface glabrous, moist in wet weather, white or pale-tan-colored, sometimes slightly tinged with brown at the center: context white, edible; 402 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLumME 9 lamellae thin, crowded, narrow, very decurrent, white: spores subglobose or broadly ellipsoid, 4-5 X 3-4 yu: stipe equal or nearly so, glabrous, stuffed or hollow, concolorous, 4-7 cm. long, 2-4 mm. thick. Typs Locatity’ Adirondack Mountains, New York. Hasitat: Woods in hilly or mountainous districts. DisTRIBUTION: New York. ILLUSTRATIONS: Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 54: pl. 69, f. 1-13. 18. Clitocybe catina (Fries) Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 215. 1872. Agaricus catinus Fries, Epicr. Myc. 72. 1838. Pileus fleshy but thin toward the margin, plane becoming infundibuliform, flaccid, 4-5 em. broad; surface dry, glabrous, white becoming tinged with pink or tan-color in rainy weather: context white, the odor agreeable; lamellae rather crowded, decurrent, white: spores ellipsoid, 6-8 X 4-5 u: stipe stuffed or solid, spongy within, elastic, slightly thickened at the base, white, 4-7 cm. long, 6-9 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Europe. HasitatT: In or near woods. DisrripuTION: New York; also in Europe. ILLUSTRATION: Fries, Ic. Hymen. pl. 51, f. 4. 19, Clitocybe phyllophila (Pers.) Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 49. 1872. Agaricus phyllophilus Pers. Syn. Fung. 457. 1801. Pileus fleshy, convex or plane, becoming depressed or umbilicate, obtuse, solitary or ces- pitose, 4-7 cm. broad; surface smooth, dry, white, silvery on the margin because of the silky veil: lamellae moderately broad, subdistant, adnate or slightly decurrent, white, becoming - yellowish-ochraceous: spores ellipsoid, 6-8 X 3-5 w: stipe equal, stuffed or hollow, tough, downy and incurved at the base, spongy within, white, sometimes eccentric, 5~7 cm. long, 5-8 moni. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Europe. Hasitat: Among sticks and leaves in woods. DistRisuTion: New England to North Carolina and west to Wisconsin; also in Europe. 20. Clitocybe subnigricans Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 150: 51. 1911. Pileus fleshy at the center, thin toward the margin, convex becoming nearly plane, sub- cespitose o- gregarious, 2.5-5 cm. broad; surface glabrous, whitish or smoky-white: context whitish, slowly changing to grayish on exposure to the air, the taste slightly and tardily acrid, the odor earthy, pungent, and disagreeable, very persistent; lamellae thin, narrow, crowded, slightly or in some specimens very much decurrent, rarely slightly sinuate, whitish, becoming blackish where bruised and on drying: spores hyaline, 7-9 * 4-6 uw: stipe solid, slightly fibrous- striate, somewhat thickened or distinctly bulbous at the base, colored like the pileus but becoming blackish on drying, 4-7.5 em. long, 6-12 mm. thick. ‘TYPE LOCALITY: Rye Beach, New Hampshire. HasitaT: On the ground in woods. : DisTRIBUTION: New Hampshire and northern New York. 21. Clitocybe tenebricosa Murrill, Mycologia 7: 275. 1915. Pileus convex, becoming depressed at the center with the margin upturned, gregariou-, reaching 6 cm. broad; surface smooth, white, glabrous: context white, rather thin, without characteristic odor; lamellae crowded, somewhat ventricose, short-decurrent, inserted, white: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 4-6 p: stipe subfusiform, hollow, smooth, white, glabrous, reaching 12 cm. long and 2 cm. thick, TYPE LocaLity: New York Botanical Garden. Hapstrart: Side of trench beneath building, in total darkness. DistRIBvutTION: Known only from the type locality. ILLustRation: Mycologia 7: pl. 165. Part 6, 1916] AGARICACHAE 403 22. Clitocybe subconnexa Murrill, Mycologia 7: 272. 1915. Pileus convex to expanded, rather thin, very tender and fragile, somewhat cespitose, reaching 9 cm. broad; surface smooth, dry, glabrous, milk-white; margin very thin, concolorous, entire, strongly incurved on drying: context thin, white, fragile, with pleasant odor and taste ; lamellae short-decurrent or adnate, narrow, white, exceedingly crowded, several times inserted: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 5 X 3.5 y: stipe fleshy, subequal, smooth, glabrous, white, hollow, 5—7 cm. long, reaching 1.5 cm. thick. TYPE LocaLity: New York Botanical Garden. HastiratT: In rich soil under deciduous trees. DISTRIBUTION: New York Botanical Garden. ~N 23. Clitocybe robusta Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 49: 17. 1897. Pileus thick, firm, convex becoming plane or slightly depressed at the center, solitary, gregarious, or cespitose, 7-10 cm. broad; surface glabrous, white or slightly clouded at the center, margin involute or decurved, naked: context white; lamellae crowded, narrow, adnate or decurrent, whitish: spores ellipsoid, yellowish, 6-8 4~5 y: stipe stout, solid or hollow, gla- brous, equal or tapering upward, white, 2.5-7 em. long, 1.5—2.5 cm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Catskill Mountains, New York. Hasrrat: Among fallen leaves in woods. DistTRIBUTION: New York to Maryland and west to Wisconsin. 24. Clitocybe Overholtsii Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex to expanded, gregarious, 6-15 cm. broad; surface dry, smooth, glabrous or rarely with a bloom, white, becoming grayish with age, margin thin, entire or undulate, white: context white, the odor and taste disagreeable; lamellae adnate or slightly decurrent, narrow, very much crowded, white or yellowish: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 5-6 X 3-3.5 u: stipe smooth, glabrous, white, solid or rarely hollow, enlarged and whitish-mycelioid at the base, 7-10 cm. long, 1-2 cm. thick. Type collected on the ground in a coniferous forest at Tolland, Colorado, 2,700 m. elevation, August 5, 1914, L. O. Overholts 2114 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DistTrIBuTion: Colorado, at high elevations. 25. Clitocybe submarmorea Murrill, Mycologia 7: 273. 1915. Agaricus (Clitocybe) marmoreus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 24:61. 1872. Not A. marmoreus Lam. Pileus fleshy, firm, broadly convex, cespitose, 5-10 cm. broad; surface glabrous, white, mottled with darker watery spots: context white; lamellae crowded, narrow, arcuate, unequally decurrent, white: spores globose, 4 w: stipe firm, solid, long, generally curved, slightly thickened at the base, white, sometimes pruinose, 10-15 cm. long, 1-2 cm. thick. TYPE Locauity: Greig, New York. Hasrrar: Prostrate trunks of trees in woods. _ DisTRiBuTION: Known only from the type locality. 26. Clitocybe parvula Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus minute, convex to nearly plane, with a very small umbo, scattered, 7 mm. broad; surface smooth, glabrous, pale-isabelline, margin entire, concolorous: lamellae adnate with a decurrent tooth, plane, broad, distant, white: stipe slender, equal, rather fleshy, smooth, gla- brous, hollow, whitish, attached by a mat of white mycelium, 1 cm. long, 1 mm. thick. Type collected on the ground in a sugar maple grove at Lake Placid, New York, July 17-29, 1912, W. A, & Edna L. Murrill 143 (herb. N. ¥. Bot. Gard.). DistTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 404 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuMEH 9 27. Clitocybe fellea Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 51: 284. 1898. Pileus thin, convex or hemispheric, obtuse or umbilicate, gregarious, 1.2-2.5 cm. broad; surface minutely furfuraceous, pale-yellowish-brown: context whitish, the taste bitter; lamellae thin, subdistant, adnate or slightly decurrent, white: spores broadly ellipsoid, 6-8 X 4-5 u: stipe equal, firm, glabrous, flexuous, stuffed with a white pith, having a white, mycelioid tomen- tum at the base, 2.5 cm. long, 2-4 mm. thick. TyPE Locatity: Gansevoort, Saratoga County, New York. Hasirat: In woods. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. InLusTrRations: Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 51: pl. B, f. 8-11. 28. Clitocybe flavidella (Peck) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 197. 1887. Agaricus (Clitocybe) flavidellus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 30:38. 1878. Pileus thin, convex, becoming plane or centrally depressed, often irregular, gregarious, 2.5 cm. broad; surface glabrous, hygrophanous, dingy-yellow when moist, paler or whitish when dry: lamellae crowded, narrow, adnate or slightly decurrent, yellow or yellowish: spores un- known: stipe equal, glabrous, hollow, concolorous, 2-3 cm. long, 3-4 mm. thick. TYPE Locality: Maryland, Otsego County, New York. Hasrrat: Low, wet ground. : DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 29. Clitocybe subbulbipes Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex to subexpanded, gregarious or subcespitose, reaching 2 cm. broad; surface smooth, glabrous, not striate, pale-watery-isabelline, hygrophanous, with a pale zone between the margin and disk, margin entire, incurved: lamellae adnate with a slight decurrent tooth, crowded, narrow, white, arcuate: spores broadly ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 3.5-5 X 3~4 n: stipe smooth, glabrous, white, pulverulent-pubescent at the apex, enlarged and whitish- mycelioid at the base, 3 cm. long, 2.5 mm. thick. Type collected among moss on a much decayed hardwood log at Lake Placid, New York, July 17-29, 1912, W. A. & Edna L. Murrill 199 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DisTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 30. Clitocybe pulcherrima Peck, Jour. Myc. 14:1. 1908. Pileus fleshy, convex, becoming umbilicate or centrally depressed, 2.5-5 em. broad ; surface glabrous, lemon-yellow, margin decurved: context white, yellowish beneath the pellicle; lamellae thin, crowded, arcuate, decurrent, whitish or faintly tinged with yellow: spores nearly or quite globose, 4 w in diameter: stipe equal or slightly tapering upward, solid above, hollow toward the base, subglabrous, colored like or a little paler than the pileus, 2.5-4 em. long, 6-8 mm. thick. TYPE LocaLIty: Near Detroit, Michigan. Haxzirat: Among fallen leaves. DisTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 31. Clitocybe subhirta Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 12:11. 1888. Agaricus (Clitocybe) subhirtus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 32:25. 1880. Pileus convex or nearly plane, sometimes slightly depressed, 2.5-7 cm. broad; surface at first hairy-tomentose, then nearly glabrous, pale-yellow or buff, becoming whitish, margin incurved: lamellae crowded, adnate or decurrent, whitish or pale-yellow: spores subglobose, 4-5 wu: stipe nearly equal, stuffed or hollow, sometimes eccentric, 2.5-5 cm. long, 6-10 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Brewerton, New York. Hasrrat: In woods. DistRBution: New York and Massachusetts. 32. Clitocybe nobilis Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 34:97. 1907. Pileus fleshy, firm, convex, sometimes becoming slightly centrally depressed, often broadly uwmbonate, solitary or gregarious, 7-12 em. broad; surface dry, glabrous, creamy-white, becom- Part 6, 1916] AGARICACEAE 405 ing buff or brownish with age or in drying, often darker at the center: context white, the taste and odor agreeable; lamellae thin, crowded, decurrent, whitish: spores ellipsoid, 7-8 X 4-5 p: stipe solid, stuffed, or hollow with a small cavity, tapering upward, somewhat bulbous, glabrous, firm, white or whitish, becoming pallid or brownish and striate with age or in drying, 5-10 cm. long, 6~8 mm. thick. ‘TyPre Locatity: Deer Lake, Ontario, Canada. Hasrtat: In clearings, growing in black vegetable mold or from buried wood or bark. DistRIBuTION: Known only from the type locality. 33. Clitocybe multiformis Peck, Mem. N. Y. State Mus. 3: 141. 1901. Pileus thin, convex or nearly plane, cespitose, 2.5-7 cm. broad; surface glabrous, whitish, grayish or yellowish when moist, paler when dry, sometimes tinged with brown at the center, margin often lobed or irregular: context white when dry, edible; lamellae thin, narrow, crowded, adnate or slightly decurrent, white or whitish: spores ellipsoid, 5-6 X 3-4 uw: stipe equal, solid, glabrous, white, often flexuotts and compressed, 2.5-5 em. long, 4-6 mm. thick. Tyrer Locatity: Albany County, New York. Haatitar: Low, damp places in woods. DistRiBution: New York and Massachusetts. ILLUSTRATIONS: Mem. N. ¥. State Mus. 3: pl. 47, f. 1-9; Mycologia 7: pl. 164. 34. Clitocybe multiceps Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 43: 17 (63). 1890. Pileus fleshy, firm, convex, cespitose, rarely solitary, 5-8 cm. broad; surface moist in wet weather, watery-white to pale-avellaneous-isabelline, sometimes slightly silky and brownish at the center, margin often irregular from mutual pressure: context white, the taste oily, slightly disagreeable, edible; lamellae crowded, adnate or slightly decurrent, rarely sintate, white or whitish: spores globose, 5-8 4: stipe equal or slightly thickened at the base, firm, gla- brous, solid or stuffed, slightly pruinose at the apex, white or whitish, 5-10 cm. long, 7-15 mm. thick. Type Locatity: Albany, New York. Hagitrat: Open ground or in grassy places; rarely in groves. DisTriBurion: Canada and the eastern United States south to New Jersey and west to Colorado. Iniusteations: Atk. Stud. Am. Fungi, ed. 2. f. 93; Bull. N. VY. State Mus. 139: pl. 117, f.. 7-9; Mycologia 1: pl. 1, f. 4; 3: pl. 52; Murrill, Ed. Pois. Mushr. f. 25. 35. Clitocybe elephantina Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus very large, becoming depressed, cespitose, about 12 cm. broad, the clusters about 30 cm. in width; surface smooth, glabrous, dark-isabelline, margin entire or lobed, becoming irregular with age, concolorous: lamellae adnate or slightly decurrent, very broad, crowded, white: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 6-8 »: stipe subequal, smooth, glabrous, whitish or isa- belline, hollow, 7-10 em. long, 2-4 cm. thick. Type collected in rich soil at La Porte, Indiana, June 27, 1915, by L. B. Clore, and communicated by J. C. Arthur (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DistRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 36. Clitocybe peltigerina (Peck) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 184. 1887. Agaricus (Clitocybe) peltigerinus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 30: 38. 1878. Pileus thin, nearly plane, umbilicate, subcespitose at times, 4-10 mm. broad; surface gla- brous, hygrophanous, brown and striatulate on the margin when moist, whitish or pale-gray when dry: lamellae subdistant, sometimes branched, decurrent, brownish, the interspaces venose: spores ellipsoid, 8 5 u: stipe nearly equal, solid, glabrous, rather firm, paler than the pileus, often with minute white tomentum at the base, 1-2 em. long, 1-1.5 mm. thick. TyPE Locality: Oneida, New York. Hasirat: Among lichens. DisTRIBUTION: New York. 406 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 37. Clitocybe subditopoda Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 42: 114 (18). 1889. Pileus thin, convex or nearly plane, umbilicate, 1-2.5 cm. broad; surface glabrous, hygro- phanous, grayish-brown and striate on the margin when moist, paler when dry: context con- colorous, the odor and taste farinaceous; lamellae broad, crowded, adnate, whitish or pale- cinereous: spores ellipsoid, 5-6 X 3-4 »: stipe equal, glabrous, hollow, concolorous, 2.5—5 cm. long, about 2 mm. thick. Type Locatity: North Elba, New York. Hasirat: Mossy ground in woods. DISTRIBUTION: New York. 38. Clitocybe subsquamata Murrill, Mycologia 7: 274. 1915. Agaricus squamulosus Pers. Syn. Fung. 449. 1801. Not A. squamulosus Bull. 1785, Clitocybe squamulosa Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 52, 1872. Pileus thin, obtuse, becoming deeply infundibuliform, 2-4 cm. broad; surface squamulose, fuscous-alutaceous with darker scales, which frequently fall away: context without character- istic odor; lamellae decurrent, distant, watery-white: spores 5-7 X 3-5 pu: stipe spongy-stuffed, elastic, attenuate upward, 4 cm. long. TYPE LOCALITY: Europe. Hasirat: In pine woods. . DistRiBuTion: Northern New York; also in Europe. 39. Clitocybe dicolor (Pers.) Murrill, Mycologia 7: 260. 1915. Agaricus cyathiformis Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 248. 1785. Not A. cyathiformis Schaeff. 1774. Agaricus dicolor Pers. Syn. Fung. 462. 1801. Agaricus metachrous Fries, Syst. Myc. 1:172. 1821. Clitocybe metachroa Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 216. 1872. Pileus thin, convex becoming plane or centrally depressed, 2.5-4 cm. broad; surface gla- brous, hygrophanous, brownish or grayish-brown when young and moist, whitish when dry, margin slightly striate when old: lamellae thin, narrow, crowded, linear, adnate or slightly decurrent, whitish or cinereous: spores 6-8 X 3-4 uw: stipe equal, tough, externally fibrous, stuffed or hollow, terete or compressed, whitish, mealy or pruinose at the apex, concolorous, 3-4 cm. long, 4-8 mim. thick. ‘TYPE LocaLity: Europe. Hasirat: Pine woods. DistRiBuTion: New York; also in Europe. 40. Clitocybe hiemalis Murrill, Mycologia 7: 264. 1915. Agaricus brumalis Fries, Obs. Myc. 2: 206. 1818. Not A.brumalisScop. 1772. Clitocybe brumalis Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 54. 1872. Pileus at first convex or expanded and umbilicate, then infundibuliform, 2.5—5 cm. broad; surface glabrous, hygrophanous, livid when moist, whitish or yellowish when dry, often darker at the center, margin sometimes wavy or lobed: context thin; lamellae arcuate at first, narrow, crowded, decurrent, pallid or yellowish-white: spores 4-5 X 3-4: stipe nearly equal, often slightly curved, stuffed or hollow, glabrous, whitish, sometimes downy at the base, 2-5 cm. long, 2-4 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Europe. Hasrrat: Woods. Distripution: New York; also in Europe. InyusTRations: Barla, Fl. Mye. Ill. pl. 63, f. 1-6. 41. Clitocybe virens (Scop.) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 152. 1887. Agaricus virens Scop. Fl. Carn. ed. 2. 2: 437. 1772. Agaricus odorus Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 176. 1783. Agaricus viridis Huds. Fl. Angl. ed. 2.614, 1778. Agaricus (Clitocybe) anisarius Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 32:26. 1880. Part 6, 1916] AGARICACEAE 407 Pileus fleshy, tough, convex, becoming plane or nearly so, obtuse or subtumbonate, scat- tered or subgregarious, 4-7 cm. broad; surface glabrous, moist in wet weather, green or dingy- green, fading with age or on drying, margin even, regular or sometimes wavy: context whitish, the odor pleasant like anise; lamellae thin, crowded, adnate or slightly decurrent, white or becoming pallid: spores 6-8 X 4-5 uw: stipe equal or slightly thickened at the base, stuffed or hollow, elastic, glabrous, whitish or greenish, 2.5—5 cm. long, 4-8 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Carniola. Hasrrat: Woods and bushy places. DistRiBution: Eastern United States from Maine to North Carolina and west to Michigan; also in Europe. IyLustrations: Bull. Conn. Geol. Nat. Hist. Surv. 3: pl. 17; Bull. Herb, Fr. pl. 176; 556, f. 3; Cooke, Brit. Fungi pl. 101 (134); Fries, Sv. Aetl. Svamp. 9]. 85; Gill. Champ. Fr. pl. 113 (734): Mcllv. Am. Fungi pl. 24, f. 9; Sow. Engl. Fungi pl. 42. 42. Clitocybe subclavipes Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex, subumbonate, solitary or gregarious, 5-8 cm. broad; surface dry, smooth, glabrous, pale-rosy-isabelline with avellaneous shades, often pale-bay on the disk, margin entire, pallid, inflexed on drying: context white, rather firm, the taste nutty; lamellae short-decurrent, narrow, arcuate, distant, firm, white to cream-colored: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 5-7 X 3-4 w: stipe smooth, glabrous, concolorous, solid, conspicuously bulbous and whitish-myce- lioid below, 5-8 cm. long, 1-2 cm. thick. Type collected on the ground in coniferous woods at Lake Placid, New York, October 3-14, 1912, W.A. & Edna L. Murrill 457 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DistrisuTion: Adirondack region of New York; Massachusetts. 43. Clitocybe trullisata (Ellis) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 195. 1887. Agaricus (Clitocybe) trullisatus Ellis, Bull. Torrey Club 5:45. 1874. Pileus fleshy, convex or plane, becoming depressed in the center, solitary or sparsely gre- garious, 2.5-5 cm. broad; surface innately fibrous, squamose or squamulose, smoother at the center, reddish-flesh-colored, margin thin: lamellae unequal, subdistant, thick, adnate or with a decurrent tooth, at first purplish-violet, then brick-red and pruinose or whitish-pulverulent: spores oblong or cylindric, smooth, granular within, 15-20 X 8-9 uw: stipe stuffed, fibrillose, concolorous, the base enlarged, deeply radicate and clavate-thickened, covered with a mass of mycelium and adhering sand, 2.5-7 cm. long, 5-8 mm. thick. TYPE Locatity: Newfield, New Jersey. Hasrtat: Sandy soil in old fields. DISTRIBUTION: New York and New Jersey. 44, Clitocybe sinopica (Fries) P. Karst. Bidr. Finl. Nat. Folk 32: 73. 1879. Agaricus sinopicus Fries, Obs. Myc. 2: 197. 1818. Clitocybe sinopicoides Peck, Bull. N. VY. State Mus. 157: 80. 1912. Pileus fleshy but thin, plane or centrally depressed, often umbilicate, 2-4 cm. broad; surface dry, glabrous or becoming flocculose and rivulose, ochraceous-red or fulvous, sometimes becoming paler with age: context white, the odor farinaceous; lamellae crowded, rather broad, slightly decurrent, white becoming yellowish: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 6-8 X 3.5-5 mu: stipe equal, somewhat fibrillose, stuffed, concolorous, 2.5-5 em. long, 2-4 mm. thick. TYPE LocaLity: Europe. Hasitat: Woods and on burnt ground in open places. DistRIBUTION: Throughout temperate North America south to South Carolina; also in Europe. IuLustRations: Gill. Champ. Fr. pl. 105 (142). 45. Clitocybe inversa (Scop.) Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 214. 1872. Agaricus inversus Scop, Fl. Carn. ed. 2. 2: 445. 1772. Agaricus giluus Pers. Syn. Fung. 448. 1801. . aa ee (Clitocybe) maculosus Peck, Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 1: 45. 1873. Not A. maculosus ers. 1801. 408 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLumsE 9 Agaricus (Clitocybe) subzonalis Peck, Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 1: 46. 1873, Clitocybe biformis Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 150: 25, 1911. Pileus fleshy, convex, becoming infundibuliform, obtuse, fragile, gregarious or cespitose, 5-8 cm. broad; surface glabrous, moist when fresh, brick-colored, reddish, or tan-colored, margin thin, involute: context yellowish; lamellae crowded, simple, decurrent, pallid or yellow- ish, becoming reddish: spores 4.5-5 X 3-4 w: stipe equal or nearly so, slightly rigid, spongy- stuffed or hollow, glabrous, whitish, often tomentose at the base, 4-8 cm. long, 4-8 mm. thick. TYPE Locality: Carniola. Hasitat: In humus in woods or groves. . DistRiBuTION; Northern United States from Maine to New York and west to Washington and California; also in Europe. ItLusrRations: Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 54: pl. 69, f. 14-21; Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 553 (as A, infundibuliformis); Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 150: pl. VI, f. 9-15; Cooke, Brit. Fungi pl. 84 (159). 46. Clitocybe subconcava Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 10: 948. 1902. Pileus thin, convex, deeply umbilicate, 2.5~5 cm. broad; surface glabrous, hygrophanous, brownish or reddish-brown, whitish when dry, margin decurved, usually striatulate when moist: lamellae arcuate, decurrent, crowded, pallid or subcinereous: spores ellipsoid, 5-6 X 3-4 wu: stipe equal, firm, solid or stuffed, sometimes fistulose, slightly fibrillose, concolorous, 2.5—5 cm. long, 3-4 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Bolton, New York. HasrtaT: Pine woods. DIsTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 10: pl. K, f. 8-13. 47. Clitocybe compressipes (Peck) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 184. 1887. Agaricus (Clitocybe) compressipes Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 33:18. 1883. Pileus thin, convex or nearly plane, umbilicate, gregarious, 2-3 cm. broad; surface glabrous, hygrophanous, brownish when moist, whitish or pale-tan-colored when dry: context white when dry, the odor slight, farinaceous; lamellae crowded, subarcuate or horizontal, adnate or slightly decurrent, whitish; spores 5-6 X 4-4.5 uw: stipe firm, hollow, generally compressed, often slightly tapering upward, slightly pruinose, concolorous, 2-4 cm. long, 2-4 mm. thick. TYPE LocaLity: Albany, New York. HasitatT: In pastures or grassy places. DISTRIBUTION: New York; reported from Wisconsin. 48. Clitocybe pinophila (Peck) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 183. 1887. Agaricus (Clitocybe) pinophilus Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 31:32. 1879. Pileus fleshy, thin, convex, becoming umbilicate or centrally depressed, gregarious, about 2.5 cm. broad; surface glabrous, pale-tan-colored when moist, paler when dry, margin some- times striate on drying: context with a farinaceous odor and taste ; lamellae rather crowded, subarcuate, adnate or slightly decurrent, whitish: spores broadly ellipsoid or stubglobose, 5-6 X 4-5 u: stipe equal, glabrous or slightly pruinose, concolorous, 2.5-5 cm. long, 2-4 mm. thick. Tyre Locality: Albany, New Vork. Hasitat: Under or near pine trees. DISTRIBUTION: New York. 49. Clitocybe infundibuliformis (Schaeff.) Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 52. 1872. Agaricus infundibuliformis Schaeff. Fung. Bavar. 4: Ind. 49. 1774. Pileus at first convex and slightly umbonate, becoming infundibuliform, solitary or scat- tered, rarely tufted, 4-7 cm. broad; surface dry, reddish or pale-tan-colored, fading witb age, margin thin, minutely silky: context white, edible; lamellae thin, rather crowded, decurrent, Part 6, 1916] AGARICACEAE 409 white or whitish: spores 5-6 X 3-4 u: stipe equal or tapering upward, spongy or stuffed, soft, elastic, concolorous or rarely whitish, 5-7 cm. long, 6-10 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Europe. Hasirat: Among fallen leaves in woods. DISTRIBUTION: Temperate North America as far west as Iowa and Colorado; also in Europe. IntustTrations: Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 48: pl. 24, f. 1-6; Bull. Conn. Geol. Nat. Hist. Surv.'3: pl. 19; Cooke, Brit. Fungi pl. 107 (152). 50. Clitocybe vilescens (Peck) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 184. 1887. Agaricus (Clitocybe) vilescens Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 33:19. 1883. Pileus convex becoming plane or centrally depressed, sometimes irregular, gregarious, 2.5-4 em. broad; surface glabrous, slightly pruinose on the margin, brown or grayish-brown, becoming paler with age, sometimes concentrically rivulose, margin involute: context pale- gray; lamellae crowded, adnate or decurrent, cinereous or tinged with dingy-yellow: spores subglobose, 5-6 4-5 yu: stipe short, equal, solid, sometimes compressed, grayish-brown with whitish tomentum at the base, 2-5 cm. long, 2-4 mm. thick. TyPE LOCALITY: Jamesville, New York. HasitaT: Bushy places and pastures. DISTRIBUTION: New York. 51. Clitocybe lactariiformis Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus convex to expanded, becoming depressed or umbilicate, gregarious, 2-3 cm. broad; surface dry, smooth, glabrous, pale-smoky-gray or murinous, darker gray on the disk: context very thin, white, the odor not characteristic; lamellae decurrent, arcuate, narrow, subcrowded, white: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 5 X 3 u: stipe cylindric, smooth, glabrous, hollow, usually white but at times concolorous, 3-4 em. long, 2-4 mm. thick. Type collected in humus in mixed woods at Unaka Springs, Tennessee, August 18-24, 1904, W.A. Murrill (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). Hasrrat: In humus in moist, mixed woods. ‘ DisTrRrBuTION: Southern Pennsylvania, Virginia, Tennessee, and Alabama. 52. Clitocybe concava (Scop.) Gill. Champ. Fr. 150. 1874. Agaricus concavus Scop. Fl. Carn. ed. 2, 2: 449. 1772. Agaricus cyathiformis Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 173. 1821. Not A. cyathiformis Bull. 1785. Agaricus Poculum Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Cab. 23:77. 1872. Pileus fleshy but thin, centrally depressed or infundibuliform, 4-5 cm. broad; surface hygrophanous, glabrous or nearly so, blackish-brown or grayish-brown when moist, paler when dry, margin smooth or occasionally striate when old: context concolorous, separable into two horizontal layers; lamellae distant, adnate or decurrent, united behind, dingy or grayish- brown: spores ellipsoid, 8-9 X 4-5 yu: stipe equal or slightly tapering upward, stuffed or hollow, fibrillose, obscurely reticulate on account of the fibrils, concolorous, 5-10 cm. long, 2-5 mm. thick. Type LOCALITY: Carniola. : Hasirar: Decaying wood or on the ground in woods or in mossy fields. : Opie Temperate North America south to South Carolina and west to Oregon; also in Europe. Z : : Invustrations: Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 568, f. 1; pl. 575; Cooke, Brit. Fungi pl. 113 (166); Gill. Champ. Fr. pl. 94 (116); Hussey, Ul. Brit. Myc. 2: pl. 1; Lucand, Champ. Fr. #1. 180; Sow. Engl. Fungi pl. 363; Vaillant, Bot. Paris. pl. 14, f. 1-3. 53. Clitocybe fumosa (Pers.) Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 214. 1872. Agaricus fumosus Pers. Syn. Fung. 348. 1801. Pileus fleshy, convex becoming nearly plane, obtuse, somewhat gibbous when young, tegular or irregular, gregarious or rarely cespitose, 5—7.5 cm. broad; surface smooth, glabrous, sooty-brown, becoming livid when moist, gray when dry: context whitish when dry; lamellae crowded, adnate or decurrent, grayish-white: spores subglobose, 6-7 w: stipe nearly equal, 410 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VorumE 9 solid or stuffed, fibrous, fleshy, glabrous, mealy at the apex, dingy-white, 5-7.5 cm. long, 4-10 mum. thick. Type LocaLity: Europe. . Hasirat: Woods and grassy places. oe ; . DistRIBuTION: New England to North Carolina in the eastern United States; also in Europe. 54. Clitocybe media Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 42: 114 (18). 1889. Pileus fleshy, convex, becoming plane or slightly depressed at the center, 5-19 cm. broad; surface grayish-brown or blackish-brown, not polished, margin often wavy or irregular: context white, the taste mild; lamellae broad, subdistant, adnate or decurrent, whitish, the interspaces often venose: spores ellipsoid, 8 X 5 yu: stipe equal or nearly so, solid, elastic, concolorous or a little paler, 2.5-5 cm. long, 8-16 mm. thick. Type Locality: North Elba, New York. Hasirat: Mossy ground in woods. DistrisuTion: New York and Wisconsin. ILLUSTRATIONS: Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 42: pl. 1, f. 9-12; 48: pl. 23, f. 1-7. 55. Clitocybe clavipes (Pers.) Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 48. 1872. Agaricus clavipes Pers. Syn. Fung. 353. 1801. Agaricus carnosior Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Cab. 23: 76. 1872. Pileus very fleshy, convex or nearly plane, obconic, obtuse or with a small umbo, solitary, gregarious, or rarely cespitose, 5—7.5 cm. broad; surface grayish-brown or sooty-brown, some- times darker at the center: context white, soft, edible, the taste mild; lameilae rather broad, subdistant, decurrent, white or cream-colored: spores ellipsoid, 6-8 x 4-5 mu: stipe tapering upward from the thickened or subbulbous base, solid, elastic, soft and spongy within, glabrous or slightly fibrillose, concolorous or a little paler, 4-6 cm. long, 6-12 mm. thick at the apex, 1.5-2.5 em. thick at the base. TYPE LOCALITY: Europe. Hasrirat: In humus in deciduous or coniferous woods. DISTRIBUTION: Canada to North Carolina and west to Oregon; also in Europe. ILLustTRaTIONs: Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 49: pl. 45, f. 1-7; Fries, Ic. Hymen. #l. 47. 56. Clitocybe coloradensis Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus large, thick, fleshy, convex to plane or slightly depressed, gregarious, 10-15 cm. broad; surface dry, smooth, glabrous, avellaneous, margin concolorous, entire, splitting with age: context white, the odor and taste farinaceous; lamellae adnate to strongly decurrent, rather crowded, broad, pale-pinkish-cinnamon, becoming brownish with age or on drying: spores narrowly ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 6.5-8.5 X 3.5-5 uw: stipe subequal, smooth, glabrous, subconcolorous, solid or stuffed, becoming hollow, about 10 cm. long and 1-2 cm. thick. ‘Type collected on the ground under willows at Boulder Park, Tolland, Colorado, 2,700 m. el- evation, July 7, 1914, L. O. Overholts 1890 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 57. Clitocybe Earlei Murrill, Mycologia 7: 261. 1915. Pileus thin, rather tough, convex to expanded, subumbonate, solitary or gregarious, reach- ing 8 cm. broad; surface glabrous, shining, subhygrophanous, smooth, dark-seal-brown when moist, fuscous when dry, margin entire, concolorous, inflexed: context firm, white with a brown- ish tint, the taste mild, slightly mawkish, the odor not characteristic; lamellae short-decurrent, several times inserted, some of them forking, densely crowded, narrow, white: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 7.5-9 X 5-6.5 u: stipe subcylindric, enlarged at the base, pallid when young, soon becoming concolorous, solid, smooth, glabrous, reaching 15 cm. long and 1—1.5 cm. thick. TypPE LOCALITY: West Park, New Vork. HaprraT: On the ground in mixed woods. DisTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. Parr 6, 1916] AGARICACEAE 411 58. Clitocybe pusilla Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 22: 199. 1895. Pileus hemispheric to nearly plane, obtuse with a small umbo, densely gregarious or sub- cespitose, 5 to 15 mm. broad; surface grayish, dry, pruinose: context often whitish; lamellae adnate or decurrent, crowded, narrow, white: spores subglobose or very broadly ellipsoid, 4-5 » long: stipe short, pruinose, grayish, solid, 1-2 em. long, 2 mm. thick. TYPE LocaLiry: Pasadena, California, Hasitat: On manure. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 59. Clitocybe subfumosipes Murrill, Mycologia 5: 212. 1913. Pileus small, rather thin, convex to plane, gregarious to subcespitose, 2.5 cm. broad; surface white, smooth, glabrous, shining, avellaneous on the small umbo, margin entire, con- colorous, inflexed on drying: lamellae decurrent, rather broad and distant, white, becoming discolored on drying: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 5-6 X 2.5-3.5 4: stipe equal, smooth, pruinose, especially above. white changing to pale-fumosous on drying, hollow, 3-4 cm. long, 2-3 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Seattle, Washington. Hasrrat: In humus in woods. DistRisvution: Known only from the type locality. 60. Clitocybe microspora Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 36: 331. 1909. Pileus thin, broadly convex or slightly depressed at the center, often eccentric, 2.5-6 cm. broad; surface dry, glabrous or finely and obscurely fibrillose when old, white or cream-colored, margin sometimes irregular or lobed: context white, the odor and taste farinaceous; lamellae thin, crowded, narrow, unequal, decurrent, white: spores minute, globose or broadly ellipsoid, 3-4 uw: stipe equal, subcartilaginous, hollow, concolorous, 2.5-3 em. long, 6-8 mm. thick. Type LocaLtrry: Claremont, California. DisrrRisutTion: Known only from the type locality. 61. Clitocybe subdicolor Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus thin, convex to depressed, gregarious, 2-4 cm. broad; surface smooth, glabrous, moist, hygrophanous, whitish or yellowish, margin thin, white, entire: context thin, watery, whitish, the taste somewhat nutty, the odor not characteristic; lamellae short-decurrent or adnate, narrow, of medium distance, white, sometimes becoming slightly discolored or with a faint lilac tint: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 5-7 X 3-4 u: stipe central, subequal, fleshy, hollow, smooth, glabrous, yellowish, 4-6 cm. long, about 5 mm. thick. Type collected in humus in a dense redwood forest at La Honda, near Palo Alto, California, November 25, 1911, W. A. Murvill & L. R. Abrams 1247 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). Hasirat: On the ground in coniferous forests. Distrisution: Washington, Oregon, and California. 62. Clitocybe washingtonensis Murrill, Mycologia 5: 214. 1913. Pileus fleshy, convex to plane or very slightly depressed, usually gibbous, gregarious, reaching 5-6 cm. broad; surface white, smooth, glabrous, dry, somewhat shining, margin entire, concolorous: lamellae decurrent, distant, rather narrow, white to slightly discolored: spores subglobose to ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 6-7 X 3-4 u: stipe subequal, fleshy, solid or stuffed, smooth, glabrous, whitish-mycelioid at the base, 3.5-5 cm. long, 5-8 mm. thick. TYPE LOcAaLITy: Seattle, Washington. Hasrrat: In humus in woods. DisTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 63. Clitocybe variabilis Murrill, Mycologia 5: 213. 1913. Pileus fleshy but rather thin, plane or slightly depressed, rarely umbonate when young, gregarious, reaching 6 cm. broad; surface dry, smooth, glabrous, white, margin thin, usually entire, concolorous: lamellae narrow, usually more or less crowded, decurrent, white: spores 412 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA (VoLumE 9 ovoid, smooth, hyaline, uninucleate, about 6 X 4 yu: stipe tapering upward from a thickened base, smooth, glabrous, white, whitish-mycelioid at the base, hollow, reaching 6 cm. long and 8 mm. thick, scarcely 3 cm. long in one collection. TypE LocALIty: Mill City, Oregon. Hasrrat: On the ground in fir forests. DIsTRIBUTION: Washington and Oregon. 64. Clitocybe stipitata Murrill, Mycologia 5: 211. 1913. Pileus large, fleshy, convex to nearly plane, gregarious, 8-10 em. broad; surface smooth, glabrous, slightly viscid when moist, white, becoming cream-colored on drying, margin entire or slightly lobed, rather thick and fleshy, concolorous: lamellae broad, crowded, decurrent, white: spores ovoid, smooth, hyaline, 6-7 X 5-6 mu: stipe equal, very long, crooked, smooth, subglabrous, whitish-mycelioid below, white, becoming reddish-brown in some specimens on drying, solid or spongy within, 15 or more cm. long, about 1.5 cm. thick. Type LocaLiITy: Stanford University, California. Hasrtrat: Among leaves in woods. . DisTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 65. Clitocybe albiformis Murrill, Mycologia 5: 206. 1913. Pileus thick, firm, convex, cespitose, 5-9 cm. broad; surface nearly smooth, dry, glabrous, white, slightly cremeous at the center, margin entire, concolorous, strongly inflexed on drying: context thick, white, with the odor and taste of the ordinary field mushroom; lamellae distinctly decurrent, rather broad and crowded, several times inserted, plane or arcuate: spores globose or subglobose, smooth, hyaline, 4-6 yu: stipe cylindric to ventricose, tapering upward at times, white, solid, slightly fibrillose below, finely tomentose above, 9-16 cm. long, 1—2.5 cm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Searsville Lake, California. Hasrrat: In humus in woods. DISTRIBUTION: Washington and California. 66. Clitocybe subcandicans Murrill, Mycologia 5: 212. 1913. Pileus convex to plane, rather thin, solitary, reaching 6 cm. broad; surface stramineous, smooth, glabrous, hygrophanous, margin white: lamellae decurrent, arcuate, crowded: spores ellipsoid, smooth, uninucleate, hyaline, 6-7 X 3-4 yw: stipe cylindric, equal, concolorous, sub- fleshy, hollow, 6 cm. long, 5-7 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Seattle, Washington. Hastrat: On the ground among fallen twigs in woods. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 67. Clitocybe Peckii Murrill, Mycologia 5: 211. 1913. Pileus irregular in outline, umbilicate to depressed, rather deeply depressed on drying, gregarious, reaching 5 cm. broad; surface hygrophanous, smooth, glabrous, grayish-stramineous, faintly radiate-striate on drying, margin thin, somewhat lobed, concolorous, becoming upturned: lamellae discolored, rather crowded, short-decurrent: spores usually broadly ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 5-6 X 4-5 yu: stipe slightly tapering upward, concolorous, smooth, glabrous, hollow or stuffed, reaching 4 cm. long and 7 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Salem, Oregon. Hastirat: In soil. DISTRIBUTION: Washington and Oregon: 68. Clitocybe oregonensis Murrill, Mycologia 5: 211. 1913. Pileus umbilicate to infundibuliform, rather thin, solitary, reaching 4 cm. broad; surface smooth, glabrous, hygrophanous, pale-isabelline, margin thin, entire, concolorous: lamellae short-decurrent, subdistant, narrow, arcuate, discolored on drying: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 7 X 44: stipe fleshy, tapering upward, smooth, glabrous, concolorous, 5 cm. long, 5 mm. thick. Part 6, 1916] AGARICACEAE 413 TYPE LocaLity: Mill City, Oregon. Hasitat: On the ground in mixed woods. DISTRIBUTION: Oregon. 69. Clitocybe rugosipes Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus very thin, convex to slightly depressed, gregarious, 3-5 cm. broad; surface smooth, glabrous, moist, hygrophanous, not striate, dull-isabelline, margin entire or undulate, concolor- ous, very irregular and much folded on drying: lamellae short-decurrent, narrow, crowded, white: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 6-7 X 4-5 u: stipe short, subequal, rugose, compressed, hollow, with a thin rind, smooth, glabrous, whitish, 3-4 cm. long, 5-10 mm. thick. Pe ues in humus at Berkeley, California, February 7, 1911, R. A. Harper 29 (herb. N.Y. Bot. Gard.). Hasrrat: On the ground in shaded places. DISTRIBUTION: Vicinity of Berkeley, California. 70. Clitocybe vialis Murrill, sp. nov. Pileus broad and thin, convex to plane, gibbous, solitary, 6 cm. broad; surface smooth, glabrous, pale-isabelline, margin somewhat lobed, concolorous, inflexed on drying: lamellae adnate, narrow, crowded, dull-rosy-isabelline, becoming darker on drying or when bruised: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 7-8 X 4-5 u: stipe rather slender, solid, smooth, glabrous, concolorous, slightly enlarged at the base, 2.5 cm. long, 6 mm. thick. Type collected between railway ties on a railroad in the open at Corvallis, Oregon, November 6-11, 1911, W. A. Murrill 941 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 71. Clitocybe cuticolor Murrill, Mycologia 5: 208. 1913. Pileus convex to subplane, thin, 3 cm. broad; surface smooth, glabrous, hygrophanous, dull-rosy-isabelline with a fulvous tint, margin entire, concolorous, incurved on drying; lamellae adnate, crowded, nearly plane, narrow, duli-rosy-isabelline: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, about 6.5-7 X 3-44: stipe eccentric, tapering upward from a bulbous base, fleshy, solid or stuffed, smooth, glabrous, rosy-isabelline, 4 cm. long, 7 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Seattle, Washington. Hasitat: On the ground in woods. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 72. Clitocybe hondensis Murrill, Mycologia 5: 209. 1913. Pileus convex, gibbous, solitary, 3 cm. broad; surface dry or moist, smooth, glabrous, subfulvous, minutely radiate-lineate, margin thin, entire, paler: lamellae decurrent, arcuate, many times inserted, crowded, pallid: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 5.5 X 3.5 wu: stipe equal, crooked, whitish, smooth, glabrous, hollow, 6 cm. long, 6 mm. thick. TYPE Locality: La Honda, near Palo Alto, California. Hasrrat: In rich soil under redwoods. . DisTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 73. Clitocybe subinversa Murrill, Mycologia 5: 212. 1913. Pileus convex, slightly depressed, rather thin, gregarious, 3-5 cm. broad; surface smooth, moist, glabrous, very light brown, fulvous when dry, margin thin, incurved, entire, somewhat irregular, concolorous: context cream-colored, without characteristic taste or odor; lamellae decurrent, narrow, arcuate, many times inserted, rather firm, white: spores globose or sub- globose, smooth, hyaline, 3-+4.5 u: stipe cylindric, equal, somewhat crooked, tomentose or fibrillose, subglabrous, paler than the pileus, hollow, 3-7 cm. long, 3-6 mm. thick. Tyrx Locaurry: Portola, California. Hasirat: In humus under redwoods. DIistRIBUTION: Oregon and California. 414 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 9 74. Clitocybe avellaneialba Murrill, Mycologia 5: 207. 1913. Pileus large, thin, slightly umbonate, becoming infundibuliform, gregarious to cespitose, reaching 10 cm. or more broad; surface hygrophanous, avellaneous to dark-fuliginous, sub- zonate, innate-radiate-fibrillose, hispid-fibrillose at the center, margin entire, concolorous: context thin, white, of mild flavor; lamellae short-decurrent, rather crowded and narrow, white: spores ellipsoid, pointed at both ends, smooth, hyaline, 7-8 X 5 u: stipe tapering upward, whitish-mycelioid at the base, avellaneous, finely fibrillose to glabrous, solid or hollow with a tough rind, reaching 10 cm. or more long and 1 cm. thick. TYPE Locauity: Seattle, Washington. Hasrrat: In humus on the ground in woods or among leaves and sticks under redwoods. DistRIBUTION: Washington and California. 75. Clitocybe oculata Murrill, Mycologia 5: 210. 1913. Pileus convex to plane, slightly depressed at the center, thin, solitary, reaching 4.5 cm. broad; surface dry, smooth, finely furfuraceous, avellaneous, fuliginous at the center, margin very thin, entire, even, concolorous: lamellae short-decurrent, distant, white: spores broadly ovoid, smooth, hyaline, granular, 9-12 X 7-8 u: stipe equal, twisted, hollow, with a tough rind, furfuraceous, whitish with a pale-avellaneous tint, 6 cm. long, 5 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Mill City, Oregon. Hasitat: In low woods, probably attached to buried wood. DIstTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 76. Clitocybe oreades Murrill, Mycologia 5: 210. 1913. Pileus large, fleshy, convex, becoming plane or slightly depressed with age, usually growing in circles, 6-10 cm. broad, very thick at the center; surface smooth, somewhat viscid when moist, glabrous, shining, cinereous to murinous, sometimes covered with a whitish mold, margin entire, concolorous, deflexed when young, at times becoming upturned and more or less split with age: context thick, white, with an agreeable but not characteristic taste and odor; lamellae short-decurrent, varying to adnate, especially when young, crowded, narrow, arcuate, white or pale-yellowish-white: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 6-8 X 3-4 u: stipe very large, enlarged or bulbous below, fleshy, white or slightly cinereous, smooth, minutely tomentose or fibrillose above, solid, 10-15 cm. long, 1.5-2.5 cm. thick, reaching 4 cm. or more at the base. TYPE LOCALITY: Searsville Lake, California. HapsitatT: In humus under redwoods. DISTRIBUTION: Oregon, Washington, and California. 77. Clitocybe violaceifolia Murrill, Mycologia 5: 213. 1913. Pileus convex, somewhat gibbous, solitary, 3 em. broad; surface slightly viscid when moist, smooth, glabrous, grayish-violet tinged with brown at the center, margin entire, slightly paler: lamellae very narrow, adnexed to slightly decurrent, rather crowded, arcuate, pale-violet: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 7-8 X 3.5-4.5 4: stipe equal, fleshy, solid, smooth, glabrous, grayish-violet, mycelioid at the base, 3 cm. long, 6 mm thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Salem, Oregon. HasitaT: On decaying wood. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 78. Clitocybe murinifolia Murrill, Mycologia 5: 210. 1913. Pileus convex to slightly depressed, rather thin, solitary, about 2 em. broad; surface smooth, glabrous, smoky-brown, margin thin, slightly lobed, concolo:ous, inflexed on drying, pruinose when young: lamellae short-decurrent, not crowded, rather narrow, murinous: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 2-3 u: stipe fleshy, slightly tapering upward, smooth, glabrous, murinous, solid, whitish-tomentose at the base, 2 cm. long, 7-9 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Seattle, Washington. Hasitat: In humus in woods. DistriBuTion: Known only from the type locality. Parr 6, 1916] AGARICACEAE 415 79. Clitocybe atrialba Murrill, Mycologia 5: 207. 1913. Pileus convex to slightly depressed and at length infundibuliform, regular in outline, soli- tary or gregarious, reaching 6 cm. broad; surface at first smooth, glabrous, dry, fuliginous-ater, becoming finely imbricate from the breaking up of the cuticle; margin entire, concolorous, strongly inflexed on drying: context thin, white, tough, with mild flavor; lamellae decurrent, not crowded, white, becoming grayish-discolored: spores globose to subglobose, smooth, hyaline, granular, 8.5-10 X 7-8 uw: stipe equal or slightly tapering upward, flattened or twisted at times, dry, furfuraceous or finely scabrous, avellaneous, hollow, with rather tough rind, 5-10 cm. long, 6-10 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Seattle, Washington. Hasirrat: On decayed buried wood in woods. DISTRIBUTION: Washington and California. 80. Clitocybe brunnescens Murrill, Mycologia 5: 208. 1913. Pileus rather thin, slightly depressed, rarely infundibuliform, reaching 4 em. broad; surface slightly viscid when moist, smooth, glabrous, dull-avellaneous, margin entire, concolor- ous: context thin, whitish, with strongly farinaceous odor: lamellae decurrent, subcrowded, natrow, dull-avellaneous, becoming dark-fuliginous, especially on the edges: spores globose, smooth, hyaline, 3-3.5 4: stipe subequal, smooth, glabrous, concolorous above, whitish-to- mentose below, stuffed or hollow, 3-4 cm. long, 4-7 mm. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Seattle, Washington. HasitaT: Among sticks in woods. DisTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 81. Clitocybe griseifolia Murrill, Mycologia 5: 208. 1913. Pileus large, fleshy, convex to expanded or slightly depressed, usually solitary, reaching 9em. broad; surface slightly viscid when moist, smooth, glabrous, grayish-white or avellaneous, tinged with brownish-avellaneous at the center, margin thin, somewhat lobed, slightly paler, strongly incurved on drying: context white, fragrant; lamellae rather broad and crowded, short- decurrent or rarely adnate, grayish to dirty-white: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 5-6 X 3- 3.5 uw: stipe bulbous, tapering upward, smooth, glabrous, stuffed, white, 6-9 cm. long, about 1 em, thick, 2 cm. or more thick at the base. TYPE LOCALITY: Seattle, Washington. Hasitat: In humus in woods. . DIstTRIBUTION: Washington, Oregon, and California. 82. Clitocybe Harperi Murrill, Mycologia 5: 209. 1913. Pileus convex to plane, subcespitose, reaching 8-10 cm. broad; surface dry, smooth, gla- brous, cinereous to pale-murinous, margin entire, concolorous, inrolled: context white, the taste mild; lamellae short-decurrent, of medium distance, narrow, slightly arcuate or plane, several times inserted, cinereous, sometimes with a greenish tint: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 4-6 X 2-3 yu: stipe bulbous, whitish-mycelioid at the base, concolorous, pruinose, hollow, 3-7 cm. long, 1-3 cm. thick. Typr Locality: Golden Gate Park, San Francisco, California. HasirtaT: On the ground in woods or groves. DisTRIBUTION: California. 83. Clitocybe niveicolor Murrill, Mycologia 3:190. 1911. Entire hymenophore snow-white, gregarious: pileus compressed-convex, reaching 7 mm. in diameter; surface smooth, glabrous, appearing subtomentose when dry because of the loosely woven context, margin slightly irregular, decurved: lamellae decurrent, distant, slightly arcuate: spores ovoid, smooth, hyaline, 12 X 7 uw: stipe cylindric, slightly tapering upward, glabrous, fleshy, fistulose, 1—1.5 cm. long, 1 mm. thick above, 1.5 mm. below. ‘TYPE Locality: Motzorongo, Mexico. Hazrat: On the ground in humus in a moist virgin forest. DisTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 416 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLumME 9 84. Clitocybe trojana Murrill, Mycologia 3:190. 1911. Pileus subhemispheric, regular, solitary, 1 cm. broad; surface dry, smooth, glabrous, pale- isabelline; margin regular, concolorous, incurved on drying: lamellae decurrent, rather crowded, white: spores ovoid, smooth, hyaline, 5 X 4 u: stipe straight, tapering upward, subconcolorous, glabrous, 2.5 cm. long, 1-1.5 mm. thick. Type LocaLity: Troy and Tyre, Jamaica. Hasirat: On the ground in woods. DistRiBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 85. Clitocybe Broadwayi Murrill, Mycologia 3: 192. 1911. Hymenophore gregarious to subcespitose, rather large, abundant, strongly suggesting Melanoleuca alboflavida, but with distinctly decurrent lamellae: pileus thin, convex, depressed to umbilicate, often indented on the side next to the stipe owing to its clustered arrangement, 5-8 cm. broad; surface glabrous, faintly radiate-striate, dry, white or pale-isabelline, margin incurved, concolorous, blackening when bruised: lamellae decurrent, narrow, crowded, white: spores ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, 5-7 x 3.5-4.5 uw: stipe curved, cylindric, usually equal, glabrous, toughish, slightly reddish-brown, twisted and finely grooved when dry, suggesting asbestos, 5~7 cm. long, 2-4 mm. thick. TyrE LocaLity: Tanteen, St. George’s, Grenada. . Hasitat: On the ground among leaves in a cocoa plantation. DisTRIBUTION: Grenada. 86. Clitocybe mexicana Murrill, Mycologia 3:191. 1911. Pileus convex to depressed, irregularly lobed, gregarious, scarcely cespitose, 7 em. broad; surface smooth, glabrous, nearly white, with an avellaneous-isabelline tint, margin striate, involute when young: context 1 cm. thick at the center, milk-white, sweet, the odor none when fresh but strong and not unpleasant on drying: lamellae decurrent, crowded, rather narrow, tapering at each end, pale-watery-white: spores fusiform, smooth, hyaline, 7 u long: stipe en- larging slightly above, dealbate, glabrous, finely tomentose near the base, hollow, white inside, with a tough rind, 7 cm. long, nearly 2 em. thick. TYPE LOCALITY: Jalapa, Mexico. Hasitat: On the ground among humus in a moist virgin forest. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 87. Clitocybe incrustata Murrill, Mycologia 3: 191. 1911. Pileus turbinate, with conic umbo, solitary, 2 cm. broad, nearly 1 cm. high; surface smooth, glabrous, dry, pallid with a rosy tint, light-bay on the umbo, becoming incrusted on drying with a white, powdery substance readily soluble in water; margin thin, straight, concolorous: lamellae decurrent, few in number, dull-white: spores ovoid, smooth, hyaline, 8-10 X 5-7 u: stipe curved, cylindric, subequal, glabrous, white, 4 cm. long, 4 mm. thick. TYPE LocALItTy: Chester Vale, Jamaica. Hapsitar: In rich soil on a wet bank. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. 88. Clitocybe testaceoflava Murrill, Mycologia 3:191. 1911. Pileus obconic in outline, deeply umbilicate, irregularly oval in cross section, solitary, 3-5 cm. broad; surface dry, distinctly tomentose, dilute-testaceous, margin irregularly undulate, incurved, concolorous: lamellae decurrent, rather distant, stramineous, the edges undulate: spores ellipsoid, smooth, slightly yellowish, 4-5 x 3 «: stipe cylindric, subequal, curved, slightly paler than the surface of the pileus, white near the base, 3-4 cm. long, 3 mm. thick. ‘TYPE LOCALITY: Cinchona, Jamaica. Hasirat: Under low bushes on a bank. DisTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. Part 6, 1916] AGARICACEAE 417 DovuBTFUL AND EXCLUDED SPECIES Agaricus (Clitocybe) patuloides Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 32: 25. 1880. Not distinct from Melanoleuca albissima. Chitocybe angustissima (Lasch) Gill. Champ. Fr. 168. 1874. (Agaricus angustissimus Lasch, Linnaea 4: 528. 1829.) Reported by Peck as rare in New York. Clitocybe caespitosa Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 41:61. 1888. Described from the Catskill Mountains, New York, and found afterwards in the Adirondacks. It is a rare species, occurring in clusters in woods, and is remarkable for its irregular and deformed appearance. Specimens at Albany collected in Michigan by Beal resemble a young, subclustered stage of C. adirondackensis, and it seems probable that further studies may connect the two species. Chtocybe candida Bres. Fungi Trid. 1:16. 1882. Reported from New York but doubt- less confused with C. robusta Peck. Chitocybe cerussata (Fries) Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 49. 1872. (Agaricus cerussatus Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 92. 1821.) Reported by Peck as occurring rarely in the Adirondacks, as well as in certain other localities in America. Clitocybe chrysocephala Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 190. 1887. (Agaricus (Clitocybe) aurato- cephalus Ellis, Bull. Torrey Club 6: 75. 1876.) Described from Newfield, New Jersey, occurring there in swampy ground in July. See Camarophyllus auratocephalus. Clitocybe columbana (Mont.) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 142. 1887. (Agaricus (Chitocybe) columbanus Mont. Syll. Crypt. 102. 1856.) Described from specimens collected on naked ground at Columbus, Ohio. The types at Paris are large, closely clustered, and have the appearance of Monadelphus illudens, but the spores are ellipsoid, 7 X 44. The color of the plant when fresh is not stated in the description. Clitocybe difformis (Schum.) Gill. Champ. Fr. 172. 1874. (Agaricus difformis Schum. Enum. Pl. Saell. 1: 335. 1803.) Reported once from New York by Peck. It has usually been regarded as a form of C. cerussata. Chtocybe ditopoda (Fries) Gill. Champ. Fr. 166. 1874. (Agaricus diiopus Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 171. 1821.) Reported by Peck as rare in New York. Clitocybe ectypa (Fries) Gill, Champ. Fr. 172. 1874. (Agaricus ectypus Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 108. 1821.) Reported from Alabama by Atkinson. Chitocybe ectypoides (Peck) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 169. 1887. (Agaricus (Clitocybe) ecty- poides Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 24:61. 1872.) Described from Sandlake, New York, and occurring rather frequently on decaying wood in woods from Maine to Alabama and west to Wisconsin. Apparently not distinct from Omphalina chrysophylla. Clitocybe elixa (Sow.) P. Karst. Bidr. Finl. Nat. Folk 32: 69. 1879. (Agaricus elixus Sow. Engl. Fungi pi. 172. 1798.) Reported from Massachusetts and Rhode Island. Chitocybe erubescens (Mont.) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 150. 1887. (Agaricus (Clitocybe) erubescens Mont. Syll. Crypt. 103. 1856. Not A. erubescens Fries, 1821.) Described from specimens collected on fallen logs at Columbus, Ohio, by Sullivant. The types at Paris, which are poorly preserved, suggest either a true Clitocybe or a species of Camarophyllus, near C. ful- vosus. The stipe is thick; the lamellae narrow to broad and distant; and the pileus smooth, viscid, and 2.5 cm. broad in its present dried state. The spores are oblong-ellipsoid, somewhat fusiform, smooth, hyaline, 4-5 X 2-3 nu. Clitocybe flaccida (Sow.) Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 329. 1873. (Agaricus flaccidus Sow. Engl. Fungi pl. 185. 1799. Not A. flaccidus Bull. 1788.) Described from England and reported as occurring in pine woods in Massachusetts and Maryland. A study of Sowerby’s plate and of specimens at Kew, in connection with specimens collected at Paris, leads me to believe that this is none other than C. inversa; in which case its occurrence in this country is correctly reported. Chitocybe fragrans (Sow.) Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 55. 1872. (Agaricus fragrans Sow. Engl. Fungi pl. 10. 1795.) Reported by Peck as rare in New York. Also reported from North Carolina and California. 418 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 Clitocybe gallinacea (Scop.) Gill. Champ. Fr. 150. 1874. (Agaricus gallinaceus Scop. Fl. Carn. ed. 2. 2: 433. 1772.) Described from Carniola and reported once by Peck from the Adirondacks, New York, occurring in grassy or mossy places. Peck states that it has a de- cidedly acrid taste and strong odor and that its color is dingy-white. Clitocybe geotropa (Bull.) Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 52. 1872. (Agaricus geotropus Bull, Herb. Fr. pl. 573/ f. 2. byponym; 1791; DC. Fl. Fr.2:172. 1805.) Reported from Massa- chusetts, Wisconsin, and California. Clitocybe Gerardiana (Peck) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 181. 1887. (Agaricus (Clito cybe) Gerardianus Peck, Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 1:46. 1873.) Described from Sandlake, New York, occurring in sphagnous marshes. See Omphalina Epichystum. Clitocybe gigantea (Sow.) Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 51. 1872. (Agaricus giganteus Sow. Engl. Fungi pi. 244. 1800.) Reported from Wisconsin by Dodge, who says it differs from Clitocybe maxima in having a much shorter and thicker stipe. Clitocybe hirneola (Fries) Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 49. 1872. (Agaricus hirneolus Fries, Syst. Myc. 1: 269. 1821.) Peck reports it once from New York. Clitocybe Hoffmani (Peck) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 197. 1887. (Agaricus (Clitocybe) Hoff- mani Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 24:60. 1872.) Known only from specimens collected on much decayed wood in woods at Greig, New York. Not distinct from Omphalina chryso- phyla. . Clitocybe maxima (Gartn., Meyer & Scherb.) Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 51. 1872. (Agaricus maximus Gartn., Meyer & Scherb. Fl. Wett. 3?: 329. 1802.) I examined this species in the Hooker herbarium at Kew and elsewhere, but found no specimens from America and its occurrence here must be considered doubtful, although it has been reported from Minnesota, Massachusetts, California, and elsewhere. Peck says it is rare in the Adirondacks and Catskills, occurring in woods and grassy places, and that it is easily recog- nized by its large size. Dodge reports it from Wisconsin. Clitocybe megalospora Clements, Bot. Surv. Neb. 4:18. 1896. This is a form of Gym- nopus radicatus. See Mycologia 7: 157. 1915. Clitocybe morbifera Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 25: 321. 1898. Described from specimens collected on grassy ground and lawns in Washington, D. C., by F. J. Braendle. The taste is reported as very disagreeable and persisting for a long time. In Bulletin 150, Peck reports specimens sent by Dr. Whetstone from Minneapolis, Minnesota, and by Dr. Fischer from De- troit, Michigan, and in both cases sickness was produced after the fungus had been eaten in quantity. Dr. Peck concludes that although C. morbifera is scarcely distinguishable morpho- logically from C. sudorifica the ill effects of the former are much more serious and uncomfortable than those of the latter species. Specimens of C. dealbaia collected at Seattle were compared at Albany with specimens of C. morbifera collected by Dr. Whetstone in Minnesota in 1905, and found to agree in every particular. Clitocybe opaca (With.) Gill. Champ. Fr. 164. 1874. (Agaricus opacus With. Brit. Pl. ed. 2. 3: 307. 1792.) Reported from North Carolina by Curtis. Chitocybe piceina Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 178. 1904. Not distinct from Melanoleuca albissima. Clitocybe pileolaria (Bull.) Murrill, Mycologia 7: 268. 1915. (Agaricus pileolarius Bull. Herb. Fr. pl. 400. 1788. Agaricus nebularis Batsch, Elench. Fung. Contin. 2: 25. 1789. Chitocybe nebularis (Batsch) Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 48. 1872.) Originally described from France, occurring among dead leaves in woods, and very well figured by Bulliard, as well as by Barla, Bresadola, Fries, Hussey, Bolton, and others. Peck’s figures in Report 48 are not suggestive of the European plant, and the spores of his specimens are 4-6 X 2-3 p, while those of the European plant are 8-10 X 5-7 4. The species has been reported from Canada to North Carolina and west to the Rocky Mountains, and there are many specimens so named at Albany, but apparently there remains much to be determined regarding its occurrence in this country. Chitocybe pintaria (Bosc) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 148. 1887. (Agaricus piniarius Bosc, Ges. Nat. Freunde Berlin Mag. 5: 84. 1811.) Described and known only from specimens collected in pine woods in South Carolina. Fries did not see these specimens. Clitocybe porphyrella (Berk. & Curt.) Sacc. Syll. Fung.5:196. 1887. (Agaricus (Clitocybe) Part 6, 1916] AGARICACEAE 419 porphyrellus Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. III.4:284. 1859.) Described from specimens collected in leaf-mold in Connecticut by Wright. The types at Kew are badly molded and unreliable for comparison. The pale-purple color of the entire hymenophore would seem to suggest Prunulus purus or one of the species of Laccaria. Chtocybe pruinosa (Lasch) Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 216. 1872. (Agaricus pruinosus Lasch; Fries, Epicr. Myc. 75. 1838.) Reported from Ohio by Lea. Clitocybe pruinosa Lovejoy, Bot. Gaz. 50: 384. 1910. Not Clhitocybe pruinosa (Lasch) Quél. 1872. Described from specimens collected in open pine woods at Foxpark, Wyoming, August 14,1909. The pileus is described as 3.5 cm. wide, smooth, and rich-reddish-brown over salmon; the lamellae as salmon-yellow, crowded, and very decurrent; and the spores as globose, spiny, 7-10.5 w. This would seem to indicate a species of Laccaria if the lameflae were not so decurrent. Its relationship may be with C. sinopica. Clitocybe radiozonaria (Johnson) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 9: 20. 1891. (Agaricus (Chitocybe) radiozonarius Johnson, Bull. Minn. Acad. Sci. 1: 214. 1877.) Described from Minnesota, occurring on decaying fallen branches and stumps in June. The specimens are lost, but the description resembles that of Crinipellis zonata. : Chtocybe rancidula (Banning & Peck) Murrill, Mycologia 7: 270. 1915. (Tricholoma rancidulum Banning & Peck; Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 44: 179 (67). 1891.) Known only from specimens collected in vegetable mold in Druid Hill Park, Baltimore, Maryland, by Miss Banning. The lamellae are slightly decurrent and very narrow and crowded. The plant is larger than Lepista personata, the stipe is not bulbous, and the margin of the pileus is finely striate for about 2cm. Its odor is very rancid, whence the name. Clitocybe rivulosa (Pers.) Quél. Champ. Jura Vosg. 214. 1872. (Agaricus rivulosus Pers. Syn. Fung. 369. 1801.) Described from Europe and twice reported by Peck from the Adirondacks. It was also reported from the Antilles by Fries in 1851. Clitocybe setiseda (Schw.) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 176. 1887. (Agaricus (Omphalia) setisedus Schw. Schr. Nat. Ges. Leipzig 1: 88. 1822.) Described from North Carolina, occurring among fallen leaves. I have seen no specimens. Clitocybe socialis (Fries) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 149. 1887. (Agaricus socialis Fries, Hymen. Eur. 83. 1874.) Reported by Moffatt as occurring among dead leaves on a wooded hillside in the vicinity of Chicago, Illinois. He says that it is remarkable for its very acute umbo, and that the spores are globose, echinulate, 9-10». Ihave not seen his specimens. Clitocybe splendens (Pers.) Gill. Champ. Fr. 139. 1874. (Agaricus splendens Pers. Syn. Fung. 452. 1801.) Described from Europe and reported by Peck as rare among fallen leaves in woods in the Adirondacks. It is very probable that American specimens bearing this name may all be referred to C. sinopica, C. subsquamata, or C. tnversa, Clitocybe subinvoluta (Batsch) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 170. 1887. (Agaricus subinvolutus Batsch, Elench. Fung. Contin.-2: 57. 1789.) Reported from Massachusetts by Frost and from New York by Peck. Clitocybe subsimilis Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 41: 61. 1888. Described from specimens collected tmder pine trees in the Catskill Mountains, New York. After examining the excellent type specimens at Albany, I have referred the species to Melanoleuca albissima (Peck) Murrill. Clitocybe subsocialis Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 23: 411. 1896. Described from specimens collected by Yeomans on grassy ground at Camas, Washington, in December. Peck remarks that it is closely related to C. socialis, but differs in its strong odor, squamulose pileus, and white lamellae, The types at Albany very much resemble C. sinopica, but Peck says they differ from this species in their squamulose surface, although resembling it in color. Chitocybe sudorifica Peck, Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 157: 67. 1912. (Clitocybe dealbata sudorifica Peck, Bull. N. VY. State Mus. 150: 43. 1911.) First described as a variety of C. dealbata from specimens collected in grassy ground at Saratoga, New York, by F. G. How- land. It has been collected in two or three other localities in Albany and Ontario Counties. Mr. Howland, Dr. Peck, and Dr. Ford all agreed that this mushroom was decidedly sudorific and unwholesome, differing decidedly in this respect from the reputation enjoyed by C. dealbata. I have examined the types, however, anid can see no morphologic difference between the two 420 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLumE 9 plants. ‘They both grow gregariously in exposed grassy places and the best observer could not tell them apart. Clitocybe sulphurea Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 41: 62. 1888. Described and known only from specimens collected on decaying wood of spruce and balsam fir on Wittenberg Mountain in the Catskills, New York. There are five rather young specimens on the type sheet at Albany. They appear to be related to Cortinellus decorus, but the surface is not squam- ullose. : Chitocybe tarda Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 24: 140. 1897. The spores of this species are rose-colored instead of hyaline. Agaricus tardus Schw. is probably not distinct from Clitocybe concava. Clitocybe tuba (Fries) Gill. Champ. Fr. 137. 1874. (Agaricus tuba Fries, Epicr. Myc. 72. 1838.) Reported by Peck as rare in New York, but his specimens are quite different from European ones. Clitocybe tumulosa (Kalchbr.) Sacc. Syll. Fung. .5: 162. 1887. (Agaricus tumulosus Kalchbr. Ic. Hymen. Hung. 13. 1873. Reported from New York once by Peck. Collybia aquosa adnatifolia Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 1°: 25. 1888. Peck states in his 49th report that this variety is probably a Clitocybe. Tricholoma cellare Banning & Peck; Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 44: 179 (67). 1891. This name was published by Peck without description or comment, although Miss Banning’s manuscript drawing and notes are quite complete. The lamellae being decurrent, the plant is a Clitocybe, or, if it grows on wood, a Monadelphus. Tricholoma Sienna (Peck) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 137. 1887. (Agaricus (Tricholoma) Stenna Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 24:60. 1872.) Described from specimens collected on the ground in woods at Greig, New York, and apparently not reported since. A good drawing accompanies the types at Albany, and there is little doubt that this species is only a rather large form of Clitocybe sinoptca. 41. MONADELPHUS Earle, Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 5: 432. 1909. Pileus fleshy, putrescent, densely cespitose and wood-loving, attached to decayed trunks or roots: lamellae decurrent, rarely adnate: spores hyaline: stipe central or nearly so, fleshy or fleshy-tough: veil none. Type species, Agaricus illudens Schw. Pileus white or whitish. 1. M. revolutus, Pileus usually honey-yellow, squamulose on the disk. 2. M. caespitosus. Pileus saffron-yellow or orange-yellow, glabrous. Spores 4-5 uw in diamater; species confined to the eastern United States. 3. M. illudens. Spores 10-12 yw in diameter; species confined to the Pacific coast. 4. M. sphaerosporus, Pileus bay-red or somewhat darker. 5. M. marginatus. 1. Monadelphus revolutus (Peck) Murrill, Mycologia 7: 282. 1915. Clitocybe revoluta Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 46: 103 (23). 1893. Pileus convex or nearly plane, often irregular, densely cespitose, occasionally solitary, 2.5-7 cm. broad; surface glabrous, whitish and slightly striatulate on the margin when moist, white when dry, margin thin, commonly and irregularly revolute: lamellae thin, narrow, crowded, adnate or slightly decurrent: spores subglobose, 4-5 uw: stipe glabrous, solid when young, stuffed or somewhat hollow when old, whitish, 5-7 cm. long, 6-12 mm. thick. TYPE LocaLity: Alcove, Albany County, New York. Hasitat: On buried wood in woods. DistRIBuTION: Known only from the type locality. Exsiccatr: Shear, N. ¥. Fungi 103. 2. Monadelphus caespitosus (Berk.) Murrill, Mycologia 3: 192. 1911 Lentinus caespitosus Berk. Lond. Jour. Bot. 6:317. 1847. Agaricus (Pleurotus) caespitosus Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 287. 1868. Part 6, 1916] AGARICACEAE 421 Agaricus monadelphus Morgan, Jour. Cinc. Soc. Nat. Hist. 6:69. 1883. Clitocybe monadelpha Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 164. 1887. Pleurotus caespitosus Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 352. 1887. Clitocybe aquatica Banning & Peck; Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 44: 180 (68). 1891. Armillaria mellea exannulata Peck, Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 46: 134 (54). 1893. ?Chitocybe parasitica Wilcox, Bull. ‘Okla. Exp. Sta. 49:18. 1901. Pileus fleshy, convex, sometimes becoming centrally depressed, cespitose, 2.5-7 cm. broad; surface squamulose at the center, pale-brown, reddish-brown, or honey-colored; lamellae rather crowded, distinctly decurrent, pallid or pale-flesh-colored: spores broadly ovoid or slightly irregular, smooth, hyaline, 7-9 X 5-6 yu: stipe long, flexuous, fibrous, solid, often becoming hollow with age and twisted and tapering at the base, brown, pale-brown, or tinged with flesh-color, 6-10 em. long, 46 mm. thick. , TyP# LOCALITY: Ohio. Hasitat: Woods and open places. DisTRIBUTION: New York to Kansas and South to Alabama and British Honduras. IntusTRations: Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 51: pl. 51, f. 1-5; McIlv. Am. Fungi pl. 27; Jour. Cine. Soc. Nat. Hist. 6: pl. 4. 3. Monadelphus illudens (Schw.) Earle, Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 5: 432. 1909. ?A garicus olearius DC. Fl. Fr. 6:44. 1815. Agaricus illudens Schw. Schr. Nat. Ges. Leipzig 1: 81. 1822. Agaricus (Pleurotus) facifey Berk. & Curt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. II. 12: 421. 1853. Chiocybe illudens Sace. Syll. Fung. 5: 162. 1887. Pileus convex or nearly plane, sometimes centrally depressed, obtuse or umbonate, ces- pitose, 7-12 cm. broad; surface glabrous or obscurely virgate, saffron-yellow or orange-yellow, margin often irregular: context white or yellowish, the odor strong, the taste disagreeable, poison- ous; lamellae crowded, decurrent, narrowed toward each end, concolorous, phosphorescent: spores globose, 4-5 yw: stipe long, firm, glabrous, solid, stuffed or rarely hollow, often attenuate toward the base, sometimes eccentric, concolorous or sometimes brownish toward the base, 7-14 cm. long, 6-12 mm. thick. TYPE LocaALity: North Carolina. Hasirat: About stumps and dying trunks of deciduous and rarely coniferous trees. DistRiBuTION: Eastern United States and west to Kansas and Texas. ILLUSTRATIONS: Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 49: pl. 49; Bull. Conn. Geol. Nat. Hist. Surv. 3: pl. 19; Mcllv. Am. Fungi pl. 29a; Murrill, Ed. Pois. Mushr. f. 33. 4. Monadelphus sphaerosporus (Peck) Murrill, Mycologia 7: 282. 1915. Clitocybe sphaerospora Peck, Bull. Torrey Club 36: 331. 1909. Pileus fleshy, nearly plane, centrally depressed when old, 5.5—7 cm. broad; surface opaque, glabrous, brick-red, darker at the center: context tough, white, without distinct taste or odor; lamellae subdistant, narrowed toward each end, decurrent, white, the interspaces some- what venose: spores globose, 10-12 »: stipe equal, slightly radicate, solid, white, 5-6.5 cm. long, 1.5-2 em. thick. TYPE Locality: Claremont, California. Hasirar: Under oaks. DIstRiBuTION: California. 5. Monadelphus marginatus (Peck) Murrill, Mycologia 7: 282. 1915. Clitocybe marginata Peck; V. S. White, Bull. Torrey Club 29: 558. 1902. Pileus fleshy, rather thick, subeampanulate, becoming convex, obtuse or broadly umbonate, cespitose, 5~8 cm. broad; surface glabrous or nearly so, dry, bay-red verging to mahogany- color, margin at first involute: context yellow; lamellae narrow, crowded, decurrent, yellowish, reddish on the edges: spores subglobose, 5 X 4-5 wu: stipe nearly equal, stout, hollow, glabrous, shining, yellowish marked with reddish longitudinal lines, 5-8 cm. long, 6-12 mm. thick. TYPE Locality: Bar Harbor, Mt. Desert, Maine. Hasirat: Around decaying stumps. . _DIsTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. CORRECTIONS Self-evident errors, and such as may readily be discovered by reference to the bibliography or index, are not listed here. Page 23. 26. “31. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 45. 47, 49, 58. 64, 70. 75. Coriolus Lloydii. The type was collected, not in Ohio, but at Mammoth Cave, Kentucky. Coriolus biformis. The authority for the last three synonyms should appear as: Berk. & Curt. In the exsiccati, for ‘‘Myc. Mar.” read “Myc. Univ.” Tyromyces palustris. The synonym should be: Polyporus palustris Berk. & Curt. Jour. Bot. & Kew Misc. 1; 102. 1849. Spongipellis unicolor. Under the exsiccati, the first citation should be: Ellis, N. Am. Fungi 309. Spongipellis fissilis. The synonym should be: Polyporus fissilis Berk. & Curt. Jour. Bot. & Kew Mise. 1: 234. 1849. Bjerkandera adusta. The third synonym should be: Boletus suberosus flabelliformis Batsch, Elench. Fung. Contin. 2: 117. f. 226. 1789. Bjerkandera fumosa. The last synonym should be: ? Polyporus salignus Fries, Epicr. Myc. 452. 1838. Trametes. Insert the synonym: Cubamyces Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 480. 1905. Trametes suaveolens. Under illustrations, for “ Ill. Brit. Myc. pl. 43” read “ Ill. Brit. Myc. 1: pl. 43.” Earliella corrugata. The fifth synonym should be: ?Trametes bicolor Berk. Jour. Linn. Soc. 16:43. 1877. Porodisculus pendulus. The second synonym should be: Sphaeria pocula Schw. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. II. 4: 189. 1832. ' The third synonym should be: Polyporus cupulaeformis Berk. & Curt. Jour. Bot. & Kew Misc. 1: 103. 1849. Hexagona daedalea. The first synonym should be: Merulius daedaleus Link, Ges. Nat. Freunde Berlin Mag. 3:37, 1809. Polyporus columbiensis. Under both type locality and distribution, for “South Carolina” read “Oregon.” Scutiger Ellisii. The first synonym should be: Polyporus Ellisit Berk.; Cooke & Ellis, Grevillea 7: 4. 1878. Pycnoporellus fibrillosus. The first synonym should read “ Polyporus aurantiacus Peck” instead of “‘ Polyporus fibrillosus Peck,” and the following synonym-should be inserted just above it: Polyporus fibrillosus P. Karst. Sydv. Finl. Polyp. 30. 1859. Coriolopsis occidentalis. The second synonym should be: ? Polyporus myrrhinus Kickx, Bull. Acad. Brux. 5: 371. 1838, 423 424 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 90. 93. 95. 97. 98. 99, 108. 112, 120. 124. 126. 128. 130. NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLumE 9 Trichaptum trichomallum (not trichmoallum). The first synonym should be: ?Trametes Perrottetii Lév. Ann. Sci. Nat. IIT. 2: 195, 1844. Hapalopilus rutilans. The first synonym should be: Boletus suberosus Bull. Hist. Champ. Fr. 354. 1791, Not B. suberosus L. 1753. Hapalopilus gilvus. In the second synonym the volume-number “1: should be inserted; in the eighth synonym the page-number should be ‘‘17” instead of “7;’ and in the last synonym the page-number should be ‘'89” instead of “72.” Ischnoderma fuliginosum. The illustration cited should be “/. 183, f. 2,” not ‘pl. 483, f. 2.” Favolus tenuis. The fifth synonym should be: Hexagona orbiculata Fries, Epicr. Myc. 497. 1838. To the illustration cited should be added: Afzel. Reliq. pl. 4, f. 9. Pogonomyces hydnoides. The last synonym should be: Polyporus Feathermanni Rav.; Cooke, Grevillea 6: 130. 1878. Phaeolus sistotremoides. Insert, at the end of the synonymy, this synonym: Romellia sistotremoides Murrill, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 339. 1904, Coltricia tomentosa. Omit the last synonym; no such binomial appears at the place cited, and it does not seem to have been used elsewhere. ; Fomes roseus. The third synonym should be: Polyporus carneus Blume; Blume & 'T. Nees, Nova Acta Acad. Leop.-Carol. 131: 14. pi. 3. 1826. Under exsiccati, the second citation should be: Rav. Fungi Car. 5: 14. Fomes annosus. The third synonym should be: Polyporus subpileatus Weinm. Syll. Pl. Nov. 2: 102. 1827. The fourth synonym should be: Polyporus resinosus Rostk. in Sturm, Deuts. Fl. Pilze 4:61. 1830. Fomes Ellisianus. Omit the reference to exsiccati; the citation is merely to a distribution-number. Fomes populinus. The third synonym should be: Polyporus connatus Weinm. Syll. Pl. Nov. 2: 102. 1827, Pyropolyporus Baccharidis. The synonym should be: Polyporus Baccharidis Pat.; Pat. & Lagerh. Bull. Soc. Myc. Fr. 9: 129. 1893. Nigrofomes melanoporus. The second synonym should be: Polyporus melanoporoides Cesati, Atti Accad. Sci. Napoli 8*: 6. 1879. Ganoderma Curtisii. The synonym should be: Polyporus Curtisii Berk.; Berk. & Curt. Jour. Bot. & Kew Mise. 1: 101. 1849. Under exsiccati, for 47 read 417. Cerrena unicolor. Under exsiccati, the last citation should be: Rav. Fungi Car. 3: 14. Daedalea confragosa. Under exsiccati, instead of “Rav. Fungi Car. 15” read “Rav. Fungi Car. 2: 195.” Lenzites betulina. Under exsiccati, the second citation should be: Rav. Fungi Car. 2: 14. Gloeophyllum hirsutum. Under exsiccati, the last citation should be: Rav. Fungi Car. 1: 7. Part 6, 1916] CORRECTIONS 425 130. 151. 166. 166. 179. 179. 181. 195. 203. 208. 210. 219. 226. 229, 276. 284. 285. 300. 307. 309, Gloeophyllum Berkeleyi. : The first synonym should be: Daedalea rhabarbarina Berk. & Cooke; Cooke, Grevillea 6: 130. 1878. Not D. rhabarbarina Mont. 1840. Suillellus luridus. The first synonym should be: Boletus luridus Schaeff. Fung. Bavar. 4: Ind. 78. 1774, ASTEROPHORA. The citation should be: Ditmar; Link, Neues Jour. Bot. Schrad. 31:17. 1809. The type species should be stated as: Agaricus lycoperdoides Pers. Asterophora clavus. The third synonym should be: Asterophora lycoperdoides Ditmar, in Sturm, Deuts. Fl. Pilze 1:53. 1814. This synonym should be inserted: Agaricus lycoperdoides Pers. Neues Mag. Bot. 1: 100. 1794. Lactaria torminosa. Among the illustrations, for “Lucand, Champ. Fr.” read “Cooke, Brit. Fungi.” Lactaria scrobiculata. Among the illustrations, omit the citation to Lucand; it is an erroneous repetition of the Cooke reference. Lactaria circellata. Omit the synonym, Lactaria Gerardii. Of the two illustrations cited, omit the first. No. 55 in the key. For R. ienuipes read R. tenuiceps. Russula lepida. ; . The citation should be: Fries, Anteckn. Sv. Aetl. Svamp. 50. 1836. Russula virescens. Under illustrations, for “Ill. Brit. Myc. pl. 11” read “TU. Brit. Myc. 2: pl. 11.” Russula tenuipes. For tenuipes read tenuiceps. Russula flava. The citation should be: Lénnegren, Nord. Svampb. ed. 2. 27. 1895. Russula melliolens. The first illustration should be ‘‘30?: fl. 3, f. 6” instead of “26*: pl. 3, f. 630.” Marasmius vialis. Insert the synonym: Heliomyces vialis Morgan, Jour. Myc. 12:94. 1906. Marasmius albomarginatus. The citation should be: Clements, Bot. Surv. Nebr. 4: 20. 1896. Marasmius papillosus. The citation should be: Clements, Bot. Surv. Nebr. 4:21. 1896. Geopetalum angustatum. The first synonym should be: Panus angustatus Berk. Lond. Jour. Bot. 6: 318. 1847. MICROMPHALE. Insert the synonym: Agaricus § Micromphale Nees, Syst. Pilze Schw. 203. 1817. LEPTOMYCES. Omit the second synonym, and reduce the name Leptomyces to synonymy; the correct name of this genus is: HIATULA (Fries) Berk. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. II. 9: 193. 1852. The type species is Agaricus discretus Fries, and the 5 species described on pages 309 and 310 should be corrected as follows: 1, Hiatula discreta (Fries) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 307. 1887. 2. Hiatula minima Berk. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. IJ. 9: 193. 1852. . 3. Hiatula ciliatula (Fries) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 306. 1887. 4, Hiatula purpurascens Berk. & Curt. Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 293. 1868. 5. Hiatula Benzonii (Fries) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: 305. 1887. 426 317. 358. 361. 361, NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLumsE 9 Delicatula microscopica. This combination, D. microscopica (Wirtgen) Fayod, seems to have been made here for the first time; at any event, Fayod did not make it, except by implication, at the place cited. Gymnopus carnosus. The first synonym should be: Agaricus carnosus Curt. Fl. Lond. 5: pl. 71. 1785. Gymnopus velutipes. The first synonym should be: Agaricus velutipes Curt. Fl. Lond. 4: £1. 70. 1782. Gymnopus tenuipes. The citation for the last synonym should be ‘‘ Anal. Soc. Ci. Argent. 16:” instead of “Fungi Guar. Pug. 16.” BIBLIOGRAPHY: VOLUME 9 Joun HENDLEY BaRNHART Adanson, Michel, 1727-1806 (Adans.). Fam. Pl. 1: 1-189. 2: 1-640. 1763.—Familles des plantes. Afzelius, Adam, 1750-1837 (Afzel.). Reliq. p/. 1-12. 1860.—Reliquiae Afzelianae, sistens icones fungorum. Edited, with explanatory text (4 unnumbered pages), by Fries. Veg. Suec. Obs. 1-36. 1785.—De vegetabilibus suecanis observationes et experimenta. Albertini, Johannes Baptista von, 1769-1831; Schweinitz, Lewis David de, 1780-1834 (Alb. & Schw.). Consp. Fung. 1-376. pl. 1-12. 1805.—Conspectus fungorum in Lusatiae superioris agro niskiensi crescentium. Allescher, Andreas, 1828-1903; Schnabl, Johann Nepomuk, 1853-1899 (Allesch. & Schn.). Fung. Bavar. 1-700. 1890-1900.—Fungi bavarici exsiccati. 1-100. 1890. 301-400. 1894. | 501-600. 1897. 101-200. 1891. 401-500. 1895. 601-700. 1900. 201-300. 1893. : Anderson, Frederick William, 1866-1891 (F. W. Anderson). Bot. Gaz. 16: 113, 114. Ap 1891.—A new Fomes from northern Montana. Arcangeli, Giovanni, 1840- (Arcang.). Atkinson, George Francis, 1854- (Atk.). Bot. Gaz. 34: 36-43. 16 J1 1902.—Three new genera of the higher fungi. Jour. Myc. 8: 110-119. 14 O 1902.—Preliminary notes on some new species of fungi. Stud. Am. Fungi 1-275. pl. 1-76. 20 O 1900.—Studies of American fungi. Mushrooms, edible, poisonous, etc. Stud. Am. Fungi ed. 2. 1-322. pl. 1-86. 1901.—Studies of American fungi. Mush- rooms, edible, poisonous, etc. Second edition. Badham, Charles David, 1806-1857 (Badham). Escul. Fung. Engl. 1-138. front. pl. 1-20. 1847.—A treatise on the esculent funguses of England. Baker, Carl Fuller, 1872- (C. Baker). Banning, Mary Elizabeth, 1832-1901 (Banning). Banning, Mary Elizabeth, 1832-1901; Peck, Charles Horton, 1833- (Banning & Peck). Barla, Jean Baptiste, 1817-1896 (Barta). Champ. Nice 1-138. p). 1-48. 1859.—les champignons de la province de Nice. Fl. Myce. Ill. 1-80. pl. 1-64. 1888[~92]—Flore mycologique illustrée. Les champignons des Alpes-Maritimes. 1-20. pl. I- 8. 1888. 41-62. pl. 24-47, 1890. 21-40. pl. 9-23. 1889, 63-80. pl. 48-64. 1892. Bartholomew, Elam, 1852- (Barth.). ; Fungi Columb. 2201-4600. 1906-1915.—Fungi columbiani. (For 1-2200, see Ellis & Ev. Fungi Columb.) i 2 428 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 9 2201-2300. 10D 1906. 3001-3100. 15 Mr 1910. 3801-3900. 10D 1912, 2301-2400. 15 Mr 1907. 3101-3200. 5 Ap 1910. 3901-4000. Ap 1913. 2401-2500. 10D 1907. 3201-3300. 15 D 1910. 4001-4100. 150 1913. 2501-2600. 10 Ja 1908. 3301-3400. 5 Ja 1911. 4101-4200. 15N 1913. 2601-2700, 25 D 1908. 3401-3500. 30N 1911. 4201-4300. 20 Ap 1914. 2701-2800. 5 F 1909, 3501-3600. 20D 1911. 4301-4400. 10S 1914, 2801-2900. 5 Mr 1909, 3601-3700. 20 Mr 1912. 4401-4500. 100 1914, 2901-3000. 1 D 1909, 3701-3800. 3001912. 4501-4600. 20F 1915. Batsch, August Johann Georg Carl, 1761-1802 (Batsch). Elench. Fung. 1783-89.—Elenchus fungorum. Elench. Fung. 1-183. #1. 1-12. 1783. Elench. Fung. Contin. 1: 1-279. pl. 13-30. 1786, EFlench. Fung. Contin. 2: 1-163. pl. 31-42. 1789. Battarra, Giovanni Antonio, 1714-1789 (Batt.). Fung. Hist. 1-80. pi. 1-40. 1775.—Fungorum agri ariminensis historia. Beardslee, Henry Curtis [Jr.], 1865- (Beardslee). Mycologia 6: 88-92. pl. 121, 18 Mr 1914.—Notes on a few Asheville fungi. Beauv.: see Palisot de Beauvois. Beck von Mannagetta und Lerchenau, Giinther, 1856- ; Zahlbruckner, Alexander, 1860- (Beck & Zahlbr.). Krybt. 1~400. 1894-99.—Kryptogamae exsiccatae editae a Museo Palatino vindo- bonense. 1-100. 1894. 201-300. 1898. 101-200. 1896, 301-400. 1899, Continued as Zahlbr. Krypt. Bel, Jules (Bel). Champ. Tarn 1-198. #1, 1-32. 1889.—Les champignons supérieurs du Tarn. Bentham, George, 1800-1884 (Benth.). Berkeley, Miles Joseph, 1803-1889 (Berk.). Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 7: 451-454. At 1841.—Supplement to descriptions of exotic fungi in “Annals of Nat. Hist.,” vol. iii, pp. 322 and 375. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 10: 369-385. pl. 9-12. Ja 1843.—Notices of fungi in the herbarium of the British Museum. Ann. Mag, Nat. Hist. II, 9: 192-203. pl. 8. Mr 1852.—Enumeration of some fungi from St. Domingo. Ann. Nat. Hist. 3: 375-401. pl. 8. Au 1839.—Descriptions of exotic fungi in the col- lection of Sir W. J, Hooker, from memoirs and notes of J. F. Klotzsch, with additions and corrections. Grevillea 1: 33-39. S$ 1872.—Notices of North American fungi. Grevillea 1: 49-55. O 1872.—Notices of North American fungi. (Continued.) Grevillea 1; 65-71. N 1872.—Notices of North American fungi. (Continued,) Grevillea 1; 97-102. Ja 1873.—Notices of North American fungi. (Continued.) Grevillea 4: 141-162. Je 1876.—Notices of North American fungi. (Concluded.) In Smith, Engl. Fl. 5°: 1-386, 1*-32*, 1836.—Fungi. In Warming, Vidensk. Meddel. 1879-80: 31-34. 1879.—Fungi brasilienses in provincia Rio de Janeiro a clar, Dr. A. Glaziou lecti. Jour. Bot. & Kew Misc. 3: 14-21. pl. 1. Ja 1851.—Decades of fungi. Decade XXXI. Jour. Bot. & Kew Misc. 8: 129-144. pl. 5. My 1856.—Decades of fungi. Decades LL-LIv. Jour. Bot. & Kew. Mise. 8: 169-177. pl. 6. Je 1856.—Decades of fungi. Decades LV-LVI. Jour. Bot. & Kew Misc. 8: 193-200. pl. 9. Jl 1856.—Decades of fungi. Decades LVII-LVIIiI. : Parr 6, 1916} BIBLIOGRAPHY 429 Jour. Bot. & Kew Misc. 8: 233-241. pl. 10. Au 1856.—Decades of fungi. Decades LIX-LX. Jour. Linn. Soc. 9: 423-425. 6 Ap 1867.—On some new fungi from Mexico. Jour. Linn. Soc. 15: 48-53. 3 Mr 1876.—Enumeration of fungi collected during the expedition of H. M. S. Challenger.” (Second notice.) ; Jour. Linn. Soc. 16: 38-54. pl. 2. 31 My 1877,—Enumeration of the fungi collected during the expedition of H. M. S. ‘‘Challenger,” 1874-75. (Third notice.) Jour. Linn. Soc. 17: 13-17. 31 Jl 1878 —Enumeration of the fungi collected during the Arctic Expedition, 1875-76. Lond. Jour. Bot. 1: 447-457. pl. 14, 15. 1842.—Description of fungi, collected by R. B. Hinds, Esq., principally in the islands of the Pacific. Lond. Jour. Bot. 2: 629-643, pl. 24. 1843.—Notices of some Brazilian fungi. Lond. Jour. Bot. 4: 42-73. pl. 1, 2. 1845.—Decades of fungi. Dec. III-VII. Aus- tralian fungi. | Lond. Jour. Bot. 4: 299-313. pl. 11, 12. 1845.—Decades of fungi. Dec. VIII-X. Australian and North American fungi. Lond. Jour. Bot. 5: 1-6. 1846.—Decades of fungi. Decade XI. Lond. Jour. Bot. 6: 312-326. 1847.—Decades of fungi. Dec. XII-XIV. Ohio fungi. Outl. Brit. Fungol. 1-442. pl. 1-24. 1860.—Outlines of British fungology. Trans. Linn. Soc. 20: 109-113. pl. 9, 1846.—On Agaricus crinitus Linn., and some other species, Berkeley, Miles Joseph, 1803-1889; Broome, Christopher Edmund, 1812-1886 (Berk. & Br.). Ann, Mag. Nat. Hist. V. 3: 202-212. Mr 1879.—Notices of British fungi. (Continued.) Jour. Linn. Soc. 11: 494-567. 23 My 1871.—The fungi of Ceylon. (Hymenomycetes, from Agaricus to Cantharellus.) Berkeley, Miles Joseph, 1803-1889; Cooke, Mordecai Cubitt, 1825-1914 (Berk. & Cooke). Jour. Linn. Soc. 15: 363-398. 23 O 1876.—The fungi of Brazil. Berkeley, Miles Joseph, 1803-1889; Curtis, Moses Ashley, 1808-1872 (Berk. & Curt.). Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. II. 12: 417-435. D 1853.—Centuries of North American fungi. [Species 1-50.] Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. IIT. 4: 284-296. O 1859.—Centuries of North American fungi. (Continued.) [Species 51-100.] Jour. Acad. Phila, II. 3: 205-224. Jl 1856.—A commentary on the Synopsis fungorum in Americ4 boreali media degentium, by L. D. de Schweinitz. Jour. Bot. & Kew Misc. 1: 97-104. Ap 1849.—North and South Carolina fungi. Jour. Bot. & Kew Misc. 1: 234-239. Au 1849.—North and South Carolina fungi. [Concluded.] Jour. Linn. Soc. 10: 280-320. 23 My 1868; 321-341. 16 Je 1868.—Fungi cubenses (Hymenomycetes). Proc. Am. Acad. 4: 111-130. D 1858?.—Characters of new fungi, collected in the North Pacific Exploring Expedition by Charles Wright. Berkeley, Miles Joseph, 1803-1889; Fries, Elias Magnus, 1794-1878 (Berk. & Fr.). Berkeley, Miles Joseph, 1803-1889; Montagne, Jean Pierre Francois Camille, 1784-1866 (Berk. & Mont.). Ann. Sci. Nat. III. 11: 235-246. Ap 1849.—Sixiéme centurie de plantes cellulaires nouvelles, tant indigénes qu’exotiques. Decade VII. Berkeley, Miles Joseph, 1803-1889; Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-1887 (Berk. & Rav.). Bernard, Georges (G. Bernard). Champ. Rochelle 1~300. pi. 1-56. 1882—Champignons observés 4 La Rochelle et dans. les environs. Blume, Carl Ludwig von, 1796-1862 (Blume). Blume, Carl Ludwig von, 1796-1862; Nees von Esenbeck, Theodor Friedrich Ludwig, 1787- 1837 (Blume & T. Nees). Nova Acta Acad. Leop.-Carol. 13!: 9-22. pl. 2-7, 1826.—Fungi javanici. 430 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 9 Boissier, Pierre Edmond, 1810-1885; Blanche, Charles Isidore, 1823-1887 (Boiss, & Blanche). Bolton, James, 17-?-1799 (Bolt.). Geschichte 1795-1820.—Geschichte der merkwiirdigsten Pilze. 1: 1-68. pl. 1-44. 1795. 3: 1-80. pl. 93-138. 1799. 2: 1-72. pl. 45-92. 1797. 4: i-clxxx. 1-80, pl. 139-182. 1820. Hist. Fung. 1-182. pl. 1-182. 1788-91.—Aun history of fungusses, growing about Halifax. 1-92. pl. 1-92. 1788. 93-138. pl. 93-138. 1789. 139-182. pl. 139-182. 1791. Bosc, Louis Augustin Guillaume, 1759-1828 (Bosc). Ges Nat. Freunde Berlin Mag. 5: 83-89. pl. 4-6. 1811.—Mémoire sur quelques espéces de champignons des parties méridionales de l’Amérique septentrionale. Boudier, Jean Louis Emile, 1828- (Boud.). Ie. Myc. 1-362. pl. 1-600. “1905-10” [1904-11].—Icones mycologicae, ou iconographie des champignons de France. : The plates appeared 1904-10, but mot in the sequence of their numbers. The text cited above was issued in 1911. There was, however, preliminary text for each of the 6 series in which the plates were issued; the year-dates of publication of this preliminary text are: 1: 1-12. 1904. 2: 5-20. 1906. 4: 1-29. 1907. 1: 13-19. 1905. 3: 1-8 1906. 5: 1-28. 1908. 2: 1-4 1905. 3: 9-26. 1907. 6: 1-24. 1909. Boyer, Léon (Boyer). Champ. 1-157. pl. 1-50. 1891.—Les champignons comestibles et vénéneux de la France. Brefeld, Oscar, 1839- (Bref.). Unters. Gesammt. Myk. 1872-1908.—Untersuchungen aus dem Gesammtgebiete der Mykologie. In 14 vols.; vols. 1-4 under the title “Botanische Untersuchungen iiber Schimmelpilze;” vol. 5 under the title “Botanische Untersuchungen iiber Hefenpilze.”’ 1: 1-64. pl. 1-6. 1872. 8: 1-305. pl. 1-12. “1889” [N 1888]. 2: 1-98. pl. 1-8. 1874. 9: 1-156. pl. I-3a, 3b. 1891. 3: 1-226. pl. 1-11, 1877. 10: 1-378. pl. 4-13. 1891. 4: 1-191. pl. 1-10. 1881, 11: 1-98. pl. 1-5. 1895. 5: 1-220. pl.-1-13. 1883. 12: 1-236. pl. 6-12. 1895. 6: 1-78. pl. 1-5. 1884. 13: 1-75. pl. 1, 2. 1905. 7: 1-178. pl. I-11. 1888. 14; 1-256. 1908. Bresadola, Giacomo, 1847— (Bres.). Atti Accad. Rovereto III. 3: 66-120. 1897.—Hymenomycetes hungarici Kmetiani. Funghi Mang. 1-136. pl. 1-112. 1899.—I funghi mangerecci e velenosi dell’ Europa media, Fungi Trid. 1881-1900.—Fungi tridentini novi, vel nondum delineati. 1: 1-14. pl. 1-15. 1881. 1: 71-114. pl. 76-105. 1887, 1: 15-26. pl. 16-30. 1882. 2: 1-46. pl. 106-150. 1892, 1: 27-42. pl. 31-45. 1883, 2: 47-81. pl. 151-195, 1898, 1: 43-70. pl. 46-75. 1884. 2: 83-118. pl. 196-217. $ 1900. Hedwigia 35: 276-302. 30 O 1896.—Fungi brasilienses lecti a cl. Dr. Alfredo Maller. Bresadola, Giacomo, 1847— ; Patouillard, Narcisse, 1854- (Bres. & Pat.). Briosi, Giovanni, 1846- ; Cavara, Fridiano, 1857- (Briosi & Cavara). Funghi Paras, 1-425. 1888-1909.—I funghi parassiti delle piante coltivate od utili. 1-25. 1888. 151-200. 1892. 276-300. 1897. 26-100. 1889. 201-225. 1893. 301-350. 1900. 101-125. 1890. 226-250. 1894, 351-400. 1905. 126-150. 1 91, 251-275. 1896. 401-425. 1909. Parv 6, 1916) BIBLIOGRAPHY 431 Britzelmayr, Max, 1839-1909 (Britz.). Ber. Nat. Ver. Augsburg 28: 119-160. 1885.—Hymenomyceten aus Siidbayern. Hymen. Siidb. 1879-97.—Hymenomyceten aus Siidbayern. This work, comprising hundreds of unnumbered plates, with thousands of figures numbered in about twenty series, according to the genus or group to which each plant was referred, appeared under various titles, in parts, during 17 years. It is the despair of the mycologist who wishes to cite it, or to verify a citation to it. In this volume it has been cited only under Lactaria, Russula, and Marasmius. pl.-1-10. 1879, Lact. f. 1-81. 1886-97.—Lactarius. Marasm. f. 1-54. 1886—97.—Marasmius. Russ. f. 1-138. 1886~-97.—Russula. Brotero, Felix de Avellar, 1744-1828 (Brot.). FI. Lusit. 1: 1-607. 2: 1-557. 1804.—Flora lusitanica. Brown, Robert, 1773-1858 (R. Br.). Browne, Patrick, 1720-1790 (P. Br.). Bulliard, Pierre, 1742-1793 (Bull.). Herb. Fr. pi. 1-600. 1780-93.—Herbier de la France. pl. 1-48. 1780. pl. 241-288, 1785. pl. 481-528. 1790. pl. 49-96, 1781. pl. 289-336. 1786. pl. 529-576, 1791, pl. 97-144. 1782. pl. 337-384. 1787. pl. 577-600. 1793? pl. 145-192. 1783. pl. 385-432. 1788. [pl. 601, 602.] 1840. pl. 193-240. 1784. pl. 433-480. 1789. Hist. Champ. Fr. 1-700. 1791-1812.—Histoire des champignons de la France. 1-368. 1791. 369-540. 1809. 541-700. 1812. ' Bundy, William F. (Bundy). Geol. Wisc. 1: 396-401. 1883.—A partial list of the fungi of Wisconsin, with descriptions of new species. Burlingham, Gertrude Simmons, 1872— (Burl.). Bull. Torrey Club 34: 85-95. 9 Ap 1907..\Some Lactarii from Windham County, Vermont. Lact. N. Am. 1-50. 1910.—The Lactariae of North America. Mem. Torrey Club 14: 1-109. 26 My 1908.—A study of the Lactariae of the United States. Mycologia 5: 305-311. 25 N 1913.—The Lactariae of the Pacific coast. Candolle, Augustin Pyramus de, 1778-1841 (DC.). FL. Fr. 1805-15.—Flore francaise. Ostensibly the third edition of Lamarck’s Flore francaise, but entirely rewritten by de Candolle. 1: 1-388. pl. I-11. 1805. 4: 1-944. 1805. (forming 2 vols., paged consecutively). 2: 1-600. 1805. 6: 1-662. 1815. 3: 1-731. 1805. Cavara, Fridiano, 1857—- (Cavara). Fungi Longob. 1-250. 1891-95.—Fungi Longobardiae exsiccati. 1-50. 1891. 101-150. 1893. 201-250. 1895. 51-100. 1892. 151-200. 1894. Cesalpino, Andrea, 1519-1603 (Cesalp.). Cesati, Vincenzo, 1806-1883 (Ces.). Atti Accad. Sci. Napoli 8°: 1-28. pl. 1-4. 18 Au 1879.—Mycetum in itinere borneensi lectorum a cl. Od. Beccari enumeratio. 432 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 9 Clements, Frederic Edward, 1874- (Clements). Bot. Surv. Neb. 2: 38. 15 Ap 1893.—Mycena acuto-conica. Bot. Surv. Neb. 4: 5-23. 20 Ja 1896.—New species of fungi. Crypt. Form. Colo. 1-600. 1906-08.—Cryptogamae formationum coloradensium. 1-200. 1906. 201-400. 1907. 401-600. 1908. Cohn, Ferdinand Julius, 1828-1898; Schroeter, Joseph, 1837-1894 (Cohn & Schroet.). Abb. Nat. Ver. Hamb. 11?: 1-16. $i. 1891.—Untersuchungen iiber Pachyma und Mylitta. Cooke, Mordecai Cubitt, 1825-1914 (Cooke). Brit. Fungi pl. 1-1198. 1881-91.—TIllustrations of British fungi (Hymenomycetes). The plates bear printed numbers following the order in which they were published; most of them were assigned entirely new numbers in the ‘‘systematic indexes” issued from time to time during the progress of the work. Fungi Brit. 1-700. 1865-74.—Fungi britannici exsiccati. 1-100. 1865. 201-300. 1867. 401-600. 1872. 101-200. 1866. 301-400. 1870. 601-700. 1874. Grevillea 6: 129-146. Je 1878.—Ravenel’s American fungi. Grevillea 7: 1-4. S 1878.—Californian fungi. Grevillea 10: 41-52. D 1881.—New British fungi. (Continued.) Grevillea 10: 147-152. Je 1882.—New British fungi. (Continued.) Grevillea 11: 106-111. Mr 1883.—North American fungi. Grevillea 12: 8-21. S 1883.—Australian fungi. (Concluded.) Grevillea 12: 22-33. S 1883—New American fungi. Grevillea 12: 37-39. S 1883.—Some exotic fungi. Grevillea 13: 1-4. S 1884.—Fungi of Perak. Grevillea 13: 32, 33. D 1884.—Demerara fungi. Grevillea 13: 114-119. Je 1885.—Praecursores ad monographiam Polypororum. (Con- tinued.) Grevillea 14: 17-21. § 1885.—Praecursores ad monographiam Polypororum. (Con- tinued.) Grevillea 14: 77-87. Mr 1886.—Praecursores ad monographiam Polypororum. (Con- tinued.) Grevillea 15: 19-27. S 1886.—Praectirsores ad monographiam Polypororum. (Con- tinued.) Grevillea 17: 59, 60. Mr 1889.—Some exotic fungi. Grevillea 19: 98-103. Je 1891.—Trametes and its allies. Handb. Brit. Fungi ed. 2. 1-398. 1883[-91].—Handbook of British fungi. Second and revised edition. Issued as a supplement to Grevillea. I-16. 1883. 113-176. 1886. 289-344. 1889. 17-80. 1884. 177-224. 1887. 345-384. 1890. 81-112. 1885. 225-288. 1888. 385-398. 1891. Trans. Bot. Soc. Edinb. 13: 131-159. 1878.—Enumeration of Polyporus. Cooke, Mordecai Cubitt, 1825-1914; Ellis, Job Bicknell, 1829-1905 (Cooke & Ellis).. Grevillea 7: 4-10. § 1878.—New Jersey fungi. (Continued.) Cooke, Mordecai Cubitt, 1825-1914; Harkness, Harvey Willson, 1821-1901 (Cooke & Hark.). Cooke, Mordecai Cubitt, 1825-1914; Massee, George Edward, 1847— (Cooke & Massee). Copeland, Edwin Bingham, 1873- (Copeland). . Ann. Myce. 2: 507-510. pl. 12. 10 D 1904.—New or interesting California fungi II. Cordier, Frangois Simon, 1797-1874 (Cordier). Champ. Fr. 1: 1-231. 2: 1-274. pl. 1-60. 1870.—Les champignons de la France. Part? 6, 1916] BIBLIOGRAPHY 433 Cragin, Francis Whittemore, 1858- (Cragin). Bull. Washburn Lab. Nat. Hist. 1: 19-28. S 1884.—First contribution to the catalogue of the Hymenomycetes and Gasteromycetes of Kansas. Crossland, Charles (Crossl.). Naturalist 1900: 5-10. 3 Ja 1900.—New and critical British fungi found in West Yorkshire. Curtis, Moses Ashley, 1808-1872 (M. A. Curt.). Am. Jour. Sci. II. 6: 349-353. N 1848—Contributions to the mycology of North America. Curtis, William, 1746-1799 (Curt.). FL Lond. 1775-98.—Flora londinensis. This work consisted of 432 plates (each with accompanying text), issued in 72 numbers of 6 plates each. Twelve numbers constituted a ‘‘fascicle,”’ and upon the completion of each fascicle a table of contents was issued assigning new numbers to each plate. Three fascicles constituted a volume, and each of the two volumes has a table of contents in which the plates are again assigned new numbers. : The approximate dates of the ‘‘fascicles’’ were: 1: pl. 1-72. 1775-77. 4: pl. 1-72. 1781-83. 2: pl. 1-72. 1777-79. 5: pl. 1-72. 1783-88. 3: pl. 1-72. 1779-81. 6: pl. 1-72. 1790-98. DC.: see Candolle. “Desmaziéres, Jean Baptiste Henri Joseph, 1786-1862 (Desmaz.). Pl. Crypt. 1-2200. 1825-51.—Plantes cryptogames de France. Nos. 1-800 issued under the title ‘Plantes cryptogames du nord de la France.” I-50. 1825. 651-750. 1834. 1251-1350. 1843. 51-150. 1826. 751-850. 1836. 1351-1450. 1845. 151-250. 1827. 851-900. 1837. 1451-1550. 1846. 251-350. 1828, 901-950. 1838. 1551-1650. 1847. 351-450. 1829. 951-1050. 1839. 1651-1750. 1848. 451-500. 1830. 1051-1100. 1840. 1751-1950. 1849. 501-550. 1831. 1101-1150. 1841. 1951-2100. 1850. 551-600. 1832. 1151-1250. 1842. 2101-2200. 1851. 601-650. 1833. Dickson, James, 1738-1822 (Dicks.). Pl. Crypt. Brit. 1785-1801.—Fasciculi plantarum cryptogamicarum Britanniae. 1: 1-28. pl, 1-3. 1785. 3: 1-24. pl. 7-9. 1793. 2: 1-31. pl. 46. 1790. 4: 1-28. pl. 10-12. 1801. Dillenius, John James, 1684-1747 (Diil.). Ditmar, L. P. Fr. (Ditmar). In Sturm, Deuts. Fl. Pilze 1: 1-130. pl. 1-64. 1813-17.—Die Pilze Deutschlands. 1: 1-34. pl. 1-16. 1813. 1: 67- 98. pl. 33-48. 1816. 1: 35-66. pl. 17-32. 1814. 1: 99-130. pl. 49-64. 1817. Neues Jour. Bot. Schrad. 33: 55-57. pl. 2. 1809.—Duo genera fungorum. Dufour, Léon Marie, 1861— (L. Dufour). Atl. Champ. 1-80. pl. 1-80. 1891.—Atlas des champignons comestibles et vénéneux. Issued in 10 parts, but these all appeared during the same year. Duss, Antoine, 1840- (Duss). . Enum. Champ. Guad. 1-94. 1903,—Hnumération méthodique des champignons re- cueillis a la Guadeloupe & a la Martinique. All nomenclature by Patouillard. E. & P.: see Engler; Prantl. 434 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLumE 9 Earle, Franklin Sumner, 1856— (Earle). Bull. N. VY. Bot. Gard. 2: 331-350. 25 Ap 1902.—Mycological studies. I. Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 3: 289-312. 30 Je 1904.—Mycological studies. IT. Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 5: 373-451. 21 Ja 1909.—The genera of the North American gill fungi. Inf. An. Estac. Centr. Agron. Cuba 1: 225-242. pl. 31-42. 1906.—Algunos hongos cubanos. Ehrenberg, Christian Gottfried, 1795-1876 (Ehrenb.). Horae Phys. Berol. 77-104. pl. 17-20. 1820.—Fungos a viro clarissimo Adalberto de Chamisso . . . in itinere circa terrarum globum collectos enumeravit novosque descrip- sit et pinxit. Ellis, Job Bicknell, 1829-1905 (Ellis). Am. Nat. 18: 721, 722. Jl 1884.—Notes on fungi. Bull. Torrey Club 5: 45, 46. N 1874.—New species of fungi, Bull. Torrey Club 6: 75-77. F 1876.—New fungi found at Newfield, New Jersey. (Continued.) Bull. Torrey Club 6: 106-109. S 1876.—South Jersey fungi—Descriptions of some new species found at Newfield, New Jersey. (Continued.) Bull. Torrey Club 8: 64-66. Je 1881.—New species of North American fungi. Bull. Torrey Club 9: 18-20. F 1882.—New North American fungi. N. Am. Fungi /-1500. 1878-85.—North American fungi. 1-200. 1878. 501-700. 1881. 1101-1300. 1884. 201-400. 1879. 70I-900. 1882, 1301-1500. 1885. 401-500. 1880. 901-1100. — 1883. For continuation, see Ellis & Ev. N. Am. Fungi. Ellis, Job Bicknell, 1829-1905; Anderson, Frederick William, 1866-1891 (Ellis & And.). Bot. Gaz. 16: 45-49. pl. 7, F 1891.—New species of Montana fungi. Ellis, Job Bicknell, 1829-1905; Bartholomew, Elam, 1852-— (Ellis & Barth.). Erythea 4: 1-4. 2 Ja 1896.—New Kansas fungi, Erythea 4: 79-83. 9 My 1896.—New species of Kansas fungi.—I. a Ellis, Job Bicknell, 1829-1905; Everhart, Benjamin Matlack, 1818-1904 (Ellis & Ev.). Am. Nat: 31: 339-343. Ap 1897.—New species of fungi from various localities. Am. Nat. 31: 426-430, My 1897.—New species of fungi from various localities. (Con- tinued.) Bull. Lab. Nat. Hist. Univ. Iowa 4: 67-72, D 1896.—New species of tropical fungi. Bull. Torrey Club 22: 434-440. 31 O 1895.—New species of fungi. Bull. Torrey Club 24: 125-137. 30 Mr 1897.—_New species of fungi from various locali- ties. Bull. Torrey Club 25: 501-514. 10S 1898.—New species of fungi from various localities. Bull. Torrey Club 27: 49-64. 17 F 1900.—New species of fungi from various localities with notes on some published species. Fungi Columb. 1-2200. 1893-1906.—Fungi columbiani. 1-200. 1893. 1201-1300. 1898, 1701-1800. 1903. 201-600. 1894. 1301-1400. 1899, 1801-1900. 28 D 1903. 601-800. 1895. 1401-1500. Mr 1901. 1901-2000. 15 N 1904. 601-1100. 1896. 1501-1600. D 1901. 2001-2100. 20 Mr 1905.. 41101-1200. 1897. 1601-1700. 1902. 2101-2200. 30 Ja 1906. Nos. 1401-1500 ed. by C. L. Shear; 1501-2200 by E. Bartholomew. For continuation, see Barth. Fungi Columb. Jour. Myc. 5: 24-29, pl. 8. Mr 1889.—Some new species of hymenomycetous fungi. N. Am. Fungi 1501-3600. 1886-98.—North American fungi. Second series. For “first series,” -1500, see Ellis, N. Am. Fungi. Part 6, 1916] BIBLIOGRAPHY 435 1501-1700. 1886. 2301-2500. 1890. 3001-3200. 1894. 1761-1900, 1887. 2501-2700. 1891. 3201-3300. 1895. 1901-2100. 1888. 2701-2800. 1892. 3301-3500, 1896. 2101-2300. 1889. 2801-3000. 1893. 3501-3600. 1898. Proc. Acad. Phila. 1893: 440-456. 27 F 1894; 457-466. 13 Mr 1894.—New species of fungi from various localities.- Proc. Acad. Phila, 1894: 322-384. 11 D 1894; 385, 386. 8 Ja 1895.—New species of fungi from various localities. Proc. Acad. Phila. 1895: 413-434. 5 N 1895; 435-441. 10 D 1895.—New species of fungi from various localities. Ellis, Job Bicknell, 1829-1905; Galloway, Beverly Thomas, 1863- (Ellis & Gall.). Jour. Myc. 5: 141, 142. pl. 12. $ 1889.—A new Mucronoporus. Ellis, Job Bicknell, 1829-1905; Macbride, Thomas Huston, 1848- (Ellis & Macbr.). Bull. Lab. Nat. Hist. Univ. Iowa 3%: 190-194. F 1896.—Nicaraguan Hymenomycetes. Ellis, Job Bicknell, 1829-1905; Martindale, Isaac Comly, 1842-1893 (Ellis & Martindale). Ellrodt, Theodor Christian, 1767-1804 (Ellrodt). Schwamm-Pomona 1-302. pl. 1-13. 1800.—Schwamm-Pomona, oder gemeinniitzige Beschreibung der bekannten essbaren und giftigen Schwamme Deutschlands. Engler, Heinrich Gustav Adolf, 1844- ; Prantl, Karl Anton Eugen, 1849-1893 (E. & P.). Nat. Pfl. 1887-1911.—Die natiirlichen Pilanzenfamilien. The year-dates of the mycological parts of this work are: 2: 1-32. = 1889. LP: 273-513. 1897. 1)*; 193-249. 1907. LP: 33-80. 1892. v*: 1-48, =: 1898. ye*: 1-96. = 1897. lt; 81-128. 1893. 1*: 49-96. 1903. L**; 97-288. 1898. Lt: 129-176. 1894. 11*; 97-144. 1905. 11**- 289-336. 1899. LP: 177-272. 1896. 11*: 145-192, 1906. 1)**: 337-570. 1900. Eriksson, Jacob, 1848— (Eriksson). Fungi Paras. Scand. 1-500. 1882-95.—Fungi parasitici scandinavici exsiccati. 1-50. 1882, 151-250. 1886. 301-400. 1891. 51-150. 1883. 25 1-300. 1888. 401-500. 1895. Fairman, Charles Edward, 1856- (Fairman). Proc. Rochester Acad. Sci. 2: 154-167. F 1893.—Hymenomyceteae of Orleans County, N.Y. Fayod, Victor, 1860-1900 (Fayod). Ann. Sci. Nat. VII. 9: 181-411. pl. 6, 7. 1889.—Prodrome d’une histoire naturelle des Agaricinés. Fries, Elias Magnus, 1794-1878 (Fries). Anteckn. Sv. Aetl Svamp. 1-68. 1836.—Anteckningar dfver de i Sverige vaxande atliga Svampar. A series of 8 dissertations, consecutively paged, and all published the same year. Boleti 1-14. 1835.—Boleti, fungorum generis, illustratio. Elench. Fung. 1: 1-238. 2: 1-154. 1828.—Elenchus fungorum. Epicr. Myc. 1-610. 1838.—Epicrisis systematis mycologici seu synopsis Hymenomy- cetum. Title-page dated “1836-1838,” but there is no evidence that any part of the volume was issued until 1838. Gen. Hymen. 1-17. 1836.—Genera Hymenomycetum. Hymen. Eur. 1-755. 1874.—Hymenomycetes europaei sive Epicriseos systematis mycologici editio secunda. Sometimes cited in error as “ed. 2,” because of the “ editio secunda ” in the title. Ic. Hymen. 1867-84.—Icones selectae Hymenomycetum nondum delineatorum. 436 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLumE 9 1-10. pl. 101-110. 1877) 1; 1-10. pl. 1-10. 1867. 2 1: 11-26. pl. 11-30. 1869. 2: 11-30. pl. 111-130. 1878. 1: 27-36. pl. 31-40. 1870. 2: 31-40. pl. 131-140. 1879. 1: 37-48. pl. 41-50. 1871. 2: 41-48. pl. 141-150. 1880. 1: 49-60. #). 51-60. 1872. 2: 49-58. pl. 151-160, 1881. 1: 61-86. pl. 61-80. 1873. 2: 59-78. pl. 161-180. 1882. 1 2 87-102. pl. 81-90. 1874. : 79-104. pl. 181-200. 1884. 1: 103-116. pl. 91-100. 1875. Erroncously cited as “Ic. Myc.” in several-places on pages 247-364 of this volume. Linnaea 5: 497-553. 1 O 1830.—Ecolgae fungorum, praeciptie ex herbariis Germanorum descriptorum. ; Monog. Hymen‘Suec. 1857-63.—Monographia Hymenomycetum Sueciae. 1: 1-484. 1857. 2: 1-355. 1863. Nova Acta Soc. Sci. Upsal. III. 1: 17-136. 1851.—Novae symbolae mycologicae in peregrinis terris a botanicis danicis collectae. Cited as “Nov. Symb.” at various places in this volume, especially on the earlier pages. Nova Acta Soc. Sci. Upsal. III. 1: 225-231. 1851.—Novarum symbolarum mycologi- carum mantissa. Obs. Myc. 1815-18.—Observationes mycologicae. 1: 1-230. pl. 1-4. 1815. 2: 1-372. pl. 5-8. 1818. Summa Veg. Scand. 1-572. 1845-49.—Summa vegetabilium Scandinaviae. 1-258. 1845. 259-572. 1849, Sv. Aetl. Svamp. 1-53. pl. 1-93. 1861” [1860-66].—-Sveriges Atliga och giftiga svampar. 1-10. pl. 1-8. 1860. 33-36. pl. 54-63. 1864. 11-14. pl. 9-17. 1861. 37-40. pl. 64-73. 1865. 15-24. pl. 18-35. 1862. 41-53. pl. 74-93. 1866. 25-32. pl. 36-53. 1863. Syn. Gen. Lent. 1-15. 1836.—Synopsis generis Lentinorum. Syst. Myc. 1821-32.—Systema mycologicum: 1: 1-520. 1821. 2: 275-620. 1823. 3: 261-524, 1832, 2: 1-274. 1822. 3: 1-260. 1829. Syst. Orbis-Veg. 1-374. 1825.—Systema orbis vegetabilis. Pars I. Plantae homone- meae. Frost, Charles Christopher, 1805-1880 (Frost). Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 2: 100-105, Je 1874.—Catalogue of Boleti of New England, with descriptions of new species. In Tuckerm. & Frost, Cat. Pl. Amherst 62-97. 1875.—Fungi. Frost, Charles Christopher, 1805-1880; Peck, Charles Horton, 1833— (Frost & Peck). Gartner, Philipp Gottfried, 1754-1825; Meyer, Bernhard, 1767-1836; Scherbius, Johannes, 17—?-1813 (Gartn., Meyer & Scherb.). Fl. Wett. 1799-02.—Oekonomisch-technische Flora der Wetterau. 1: 1-532. 1799. 3!: 1-438. Anh. 1-30. 1801. 2: 1-512. 1800. 37; 1-388. 1802. Gaudichaud-Beaupré, Charles, 1789-1854 (Gaud.). Voy. Freyc. Bot. 1-522. pl. 1-120. 1826~[30]._-Voyage autour du monde . . . exécuté sur les corvettes de S. M. l’Uranie et la Physicienne . . . par M. Louis dé Freycinet. Botanique. 1-88. pl. 1-20. 1826. 361-464. pl. 81-110. 1829. 89-216. pl. 21-50. 1827. 465-522. pl. 111-120. 1830. 217-360. pl. 51-80. 1828. Gibson, William Hamilton, 1850-1896 (Gibson). Edible Toadst. 1-337. pl. 1-38. 1895.—Our edible toadstools and mushrooms and how to distinguish them. Part 6, 1916] BIBLIOGRAPHY 437 Gillet, Claude Casimir, 1806-1896 (Gill.). Champ. Fr. 1-828. pl. 1-133. 1874~-78.—Champignons (Fungi, Hyménomycétes) qui croissent en France. Supplementary plates were issued at intervals, bringing the total number up to above 700, and they were successively and repeatedly renumbered in lists distributed with them. Approximate dates of text: 1-176. 1874. 177-560. 1876. 561-828. 1878. Rev. Myc. 39: 4, 5. "1 Ja 1881.—Deux nouvelles espéces francaises d’Hyménomycétes, Tabl. Anal. 1-199, 1884.—Tableaux analytiques des Hyménomycétes. Gillot, Frangois Xavier, 1842-1910 (Gillot). : Rev. Myc. 4: 230-237. 1 O 1882.—Nouvelles observations sur quelques champignons récoltés dans les galeries souterraines du Creusot (Saéne-et-Loire) et d’Allevard (Isére). Gmelin, Johann Friedrich, 1748-1804 (J. F. Gmel.), Syst. Nat. 1788-93.—Caroli a Linné Systema naturae. 1: 1-4120. 1788. 2: 1-1661. 1791, 3: 1-476. 1793. Botany in vol. 2 only. Gray, Samuel Frederick, 1780-1836 (S. F. Gray). Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 1: 1-824. pl. 1-21. 2: 1-757. 1821.—A natural arrangement of British plants. Greene, Edward Lee, 1842-1915 (Greene). Pl. Baker. 1901.—Plantae Bakerianae. Only 3 fragments published: 1: 1-52. 22F 1901. . 2: 1-42. 25 Mr 1901. 3: 1-36. 18N 1901, Greville, Robert Kaye, 1794-1866 (Grev.). Griffiths, David, 1867— (D. Griff.). W. Am. Fungi 7-400. 1901-02.—West American fungi. 1-100. 1901. 101-400. 1902. Hahn, Gotthold (Hahn). Pilz-Sammil. ed. 2. 1-201. pl. 1-32 (f. 1-172). 1890.—Der Pilz-Sammler. Zweite véllig umgearbeitete und vervollstandige Auflage. Haller, Albrecht von, 1708-1777 (Hall.). Hist. Stirp. Helv. 1768.—Historia stirpium indigenarum Helvetiae inchoata. 1: 1-444. ol. 1-20. 2: 1-323. pl. 21-44. 3: 1-204. pl, 45-48. Hard, Miron Elisha, 1849-1914 (Hard). Mushr, 1-609. f. 1-504. [N] 1908.—The mushroom, edible and otherwise. Hartig, Robert, 1839-1901 (R. Hartig). Wicht. Krankh. Waldb. 1-127. f. 1-160. 1874.—Wichtige Krankheiten der Waldbaume. Harzer, Carl August Friedrich, 1784-1846 (Harzer). Abbild. Pilze 1-136. pl. 1-80. 1842-45.—Naturgetreue Abbildungen der vorziiglichsten essbaren, giftigen und verdachtigen Pilze. Hennings, Paul Christoph, 1841-1908 (P. Henn.). Bot. Jahrb. 22: 72-111. 19 N 1895.—Fungi camerunenses. I. Bot. Jahrb. 28: 259-272. 9 Mr 1900; 273-280. 22 My 1900.—Fungi japonici. Hedwigia 36: 190-192. pl. 5. 25 Je 1897; 193-246. 1 Au 1897.—Beitrage zur Pilz- flora Siidamerikas II. Hedwigia 37: 267-272. 25 6 1898; 273-276. 31 D 1898.—Fungi americani-boreales. Hedwigia 37: 277-282. 31 D 1898.—Fungi jamaicenses. Hedwigia 43: 154-186. pl. 3. 16 My 1904.—Fungi amazonici I. a cl. Ernesto Ule collecti, In E. & P. Nat. Pfl. 1!**: 105-276. 1898.—Hymenomycetineae, 438 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 Verh. Bot. Ver. Prov. Brand. 39: ve, vei. 4 Ja 1898.—[Ueber Lentinus anisatus P. Henn. n. sp.] Hennings, Paul Christoph, 1841-1908; Shirai, Mitsutaro (P. Henn. & Shirai). Herpell, Gustav Jacob, 1828-1912 (Herpell). Prap. Hutpilze 1-135. 1880-92.—Sammlung praparirter Hutpilze. 1-35. 1880. 56-75. 1882. 96-115. 1888. 36-55, 1881. 76-95. 1884. 116-135, 1892, Hoffmann, Georg Franz, 1761-1826 (Hoffm.). Nom. Fung. 1-256. pl. 1-6. 1789.—Nomenclator fungorum. Pars. I. Agarici. Hooker, William Jackson, 1785-1865 (Hook.). In Kunth, Syn. Pl. 1: 7-13. 1822.—Fungi. Horaninow, Paul Fedorowitsch, 1796-1865 (Horan.). Howe, Elliot Calvin, 1828-1899 (Howe). Bull. Torrey Club 5: 42, 43. O 1874.—New fungi. No. II. Hudson, William, 1730-1793 (Huds.). ; Fl. Angi. ed. 2. 1-690. 1778.—Flora anglica. Editio altera, emendata et aucta. Hussey, A. M. (Hussey). Ill. Brit. Myc. 1847-55.—Illustrations of British mycology. [1:] pl. 1-90. 1847(-49?]. 2: pl. 1-50. 18[51?-]55. Jacquin, Nicolaus Josef von, 1727-1817 (Jacq.). Coll. 1786-96.—Collectanea ad botanicam, chemiam et historiam naturalem spectantia, 1: 1-386. pl. 1-22. 1786. 3: 1-306. pl. 1-23. 1789. 2: 1-374. pl. 1-18. 1788. 4: 1-359. pl. 1-27. 1790. Coll, Suppl. 1-171. pl. 1-16. 1796.—Collectaneorum supplementum. FL Austr. 1773-78.—Florae austriacae, sive plantarum selectarum in Austriae archi- ducatu sponte crescentium, icones, 1: 1-61. pl. 1-100. 1773. 4: 1-53. pl. 301-400. 1776. 5: 2: 1-60. pl. 101-200. 1774. 1-56. pl. 401-450. App. pl. 1-50. 1778. 3: 1-55. pl. 201-300. 1775. Mise. Austr. 1778-81.—Miscellanea austriaca ad botanicam, chemiam et historiam naturalem spectantia. 1: 1-212. pl. 1-21. 1778. 2: 1-423. pl. 1-23. 1781. Jaczewski, Arthur Arthurovié de, 1863-; Komarov, Vladimir Leontjevic; Tranzschel, Woldemar (Jacz.-Kom.-Tranz.). Fungi Rossiae 51-350. 1895-1900.—Fungi Rossiae exsiccati. Continuation of Jacz. Fungi Rossiae. 51-100. 1895. 151-250. 1898. 301-350. 1900. 101-150. 1896. 251-300. 1899. Johnson, Asa Emery, 1825-1906 (Johnson). Bull. Minn. Acad. Sci. 1: 203-302. 1877.—Report of the committee on botany. The mycological flora of Minnesota. Bull. Minn. Acad. Sci. 1: 325-344, 1878.—Report of the committee on botany, for 1877. Jordan, David Starr, 1851- (D.S. Jordan). Fur Seals N. Pacif. 1898-99.—The fur seals and fur-seal islands of the North Pacific Ocean. In 4 vols.; vol. 3(1899) contains botanical contributions. Junghuhn, Friedrich Franz Wilhelm, 1809-1864 (Jungh.). ‘ Crypt. Java 1~86. pl. 1-15. [1838.}-—Praemissa in floram cryptogamicam Javae insulae. Fasc. I. Continet enumerationem fungorum, quos in excursionibus per diversas Javae regiones hucusque observavit. Separate (in advance?) from Verh. Batav. Genoots. 17%: 1-86. pf. I-15. “1839.” a Part 6, 1916] BIBLIOGRAPHY 439 Kalchbrenner, Karoly, 1807-1886 (Kalchbr.). Ic. Hymen. Hung. 1-66. p/. 1-40. 1873-77,—Icones selectae Hymenomycetum Hun- gariae. 1-20. pl. 1-10. 1873, 37-50. pl. 21-30. 1875. 21-36. pl. 11-20. 1874. 51-66. pl. 31-40. 1877. Karsten, Petter Adolf, 1834— (P. Karst.).* Acta Soc. Faun. FJ. Fenn. 21: 1-40. 1881.—Hymenomycetes fennici. Bidr. Finl. Nat. Folk 32: 1-571. 1879.—Rysslands, Finlands, och den Skandinaviska halféns Hattsvampar. Féorra delen: Skifsvampar. Bidr. Finl. Nat. Folk 37: 1-257. 1882.—Rysslands, Finlands och den Skandinaviska halféns Hattsvampar. Sednare delen: Pip-, Tagg-, Hud-, Kliubb- och Gelésvampar. Bidr. Finl. Nat. Folk 48: 1-470. 1889.—Kritisk éfversigt af Finlands Basidsvampar (Basidiomycetes: Gastero- & Hymenomycetes). Cited as “‘Finl. Basidsv.” in various places in this volume. Fungi Fenn. 1-1000. 1865-70.—Fungi Fenniae exsiccati. Sammling of Finska svampar. 1-300. 1865. 601-700. 1867. 801-900. 1869. 301-600. 1866. 701-800. 1868. 901-1000. 1870. Sometimes cited erroneously in this volume as “ Finl. Fungi;” the set used was one made up by Karsten from specimens collected (at least in part) long after the orig- inal exsiccati were distributed, and is therefore not wholly reliable. Hedwigia 22: 163, 164. N 1883.—Fragmenta mycologica III. Medd. Soc. Faun. Fl. Fenn. 5: 15-46. 1879.—Symbolae ad mycologiam fennicam. VI. Medd. Soc. Faun. Fl. Fenn. 6: 1-6. 1881—Symbolae ad mycologiam fennicam. VII. Medd. Soc. Faun. Fl. Fenn. 16: 84-106. 1889.—Symbolae ad mycologiam fennicam. Pars XXIX. Rev. Myc. 39: 16-19. 1 Ja 1881—Enumeratio Boletinearum et Polyporearum fenni- carum, systemate novo dispositarum. Sydv. Finl. Polyp. 1-47. D 1859.—Sydvestra Finlands Polyporeer. Kauffman, Calvin Henry, 1869- (C. H. Kauffman). Rep. Mich. Acad. Sci. 11: 55-91. 1909.—Unreported Michigan fungi for 1908, with a monograph of the russulas of the state. Kellerman, William Ashbrook, 1850-1908 (Kellerm.). Ohio Fungi 1-200. 1901-05.—Ohio fungi exsiccati. 1-16, 1901, 81-160. 1903. 181-200. 1905. 17-80, 1902. 161-180. 1904, Kickx, Jean, 1803-1864 (Kickx f.). Bull. Acad. Brux. 5: 370-373. pl. 1838.—Sur une nouvelle espéce exotique de polypore. Bull. Acad. Brux. 8?: 72-81. pl. 1, 2. 1841.—Sur quelques champignons du Mexique. Klotzsch, Johann Friedrich, 1805-1860 (Klotzsch). Herb. Viv. Myc. ed. 2. 1-800. 1855-58.—Klotzschii Herbarium vivum mycologicum. Editio nova. Edited by Gottlob Ludwig Rabenhorst. 1-200. 1855. 401-600. 1857. 201-400. 1856. 601-800. 1858. Linnaea 7: 193-204. pl. 8-10. 1832.—Mycologische Berichtigungen. Linnaea 8: 316, 317. pl. 5. 1833—De Favolo, genere Hymenomycetum a Friesio pro- posito, Linnaea 8: 478-490. pl. 11, 12. 1833.—Fungi exotici e collectionibus Brittanorum, Nova Acta Acad. Leop.-Carol. 19: 233-246. 1843.—Fungi [quos Meyenius collegit]. Krieger, Karl Wilhelm (Krieger). Fungi Sax. 1-2300. 1885-1914.—Fungi saxonici exsiccati. *The abbreviation Karst. was used in the earlier portions of this volume; it is used elsewhere in this Flora, however, for Gustav Karl Wilhelm Hermann Karsten, 1817-1908. 440 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VOLUME 9 1-100. 1885. 1001-1100. 1895. 1751-1850. 1904. 101-200. 1886. 1101-1200. 1896. 1851-1900. 1905, 201-300. 1887. 1201-1300. 1897. 1901-2000. 1906. 301-400. 1888. 1301-1400. 1898. 2001-2050. 1907. 401-500. 1889. 1401-1500. 1899, 2051-2100. 1909, 501-600. 1890. 1501-1600. 1900. 2101-2150. 1911, 601-700. 1891. 1601-1650. 1901. 2151-2200. 1912. 701-800. 1892. 1651-1700. 1902. 2201-2250. 1913. 801-900. 1893, 1701-1750. 1903. 2251-2300. 1914. 901-1000. 1894. Schadl. Pitze 1-150. 1896-1903.—Sch&dliche Pilze unserer Kulturgewdchse. I-50. 1896. 51-100. 1899, 101-150. 1903. Krombholz, Julius Vincenz von, 1782-1843 (Krombh.). Abbild. 1831-46.—Naturgetreue Abbildungen und Beschreibungen der essbaren, schad- lichen und verdachtigen Schwamme, 1: 1-85. pl. 1-6. 1831. 2: 1-30. pl. 7-14. 1832. 3: 1-36. pl. 15-22. 1834, 4: 1-32. pl. 23-30. 1836. 5: 1-17. pl. 31-38. 1836. Kunth, Carl Sigismund, 1788-1850 (Kunth). Syn. Pl. 1822-25.—Synopsis plantarum, quas, in itinere ad plagam aequinoctialem orbis novi, collegerunt Al. de Humboldt et Am. Bonpland. 1: 1-491. 1822. 3: 1-496. 1824. 2: 1-526. 1823, 4: 1-528. 1825. 1: 1-6 by C. A. Agardh; 1: .7-65 by W. J. Hooker (see preface). Kuntze, Carl Ernst Otto, 1843-1907 (Kuntze). Rev. Gen. 1891-98.—Revisio generum plantarum. Vols. 1 and 2 consecutively paged; a third volume issued later, as an afterthought. 11-1011. 5 N 1891. 3?; 1-202. 28S 1898. 3: i-eeeexx. 5 Au 1893. 33: 1-576. 28 S 1898. Kunze, Gustav, 1793-1851 (Kunze). Kunze, Johannes, 18—?-1881 (J. Kunze). Fungi Sel. 1-600. 1877-81.—Fungi selecti exsiccati. 1-200. 1877. 201-400, 1879. 401-600. 1881. L.: see Linnaeus. Lamarck, Jean Baptiste Antoine Pierre Monnet de, 1744-1829 (Lam.). Encyc. 1783-1808.—Encyclopédie méthodique. Botanique. 1-30. pl. 39-46. 1841. 1-24. pl. 47-54. 1841. 1-31. pl. 55-62. 1843. 1-28. pl. 63-70. 1845. 1-28. pl. 71-76. 1846. — 1: 1-368. D 1783. 3: 1-360. 1789. 5: 1-748, 1804. 1: 369-752. Au 1785. 3: 361-753. 1791. 6: 1-786. 1804. 2: 1-368. O 1786. 4: 1-400. 1796. 7: 1-731, 1806. 2: 369-774. Ap 1788. 4: 401-764. F 1797, 8: 1-879. 1808. FL Fr. 1: 1-132. 2: 1-684. 3: 1-654. 1778.—Flore francaise. Lanzi, Matteo, 1824-1908 (Lanzi). Funghi Mang. 1-406. pl. 1-131. 1894” [1896-1902].—Funghi mangerecci e nocivi di Roma. 1-53. pl. 1-8. 1896. 197-248. pl. 67-82. 1900. 55-92. pl. 9-21. 1897, 249-344. pl. 83-116. 1901. 93-140. pl. 22-45. 1898. 345-406. pl. 117-131, 1902. 141-196. pl. 46-66. 1899. Lasch, Wilhelm Gottfried, 1787-1863 (Lasch). Linnaea 3: 153-162. Ap 1828.—Enumeratio Agaricorum marchiae brandenburgicae, nondum in floris nostratibus nominatorum., Part 6, 1916] BIBLIOGRAPHY 441 Linnaea 4: 518-553. O 1829.—Enumeratio Hymenomycetum pileatorum marchiae brandenburgicae, nondum in floris nostratibus nominatorum, cum observationibus in cognitos et novorum descriptionibus. Lea, Thomas Gibson, 1785-1844 (Lea). Cat. Pl. Cine. 1-77. 1849.—Catalogue of plants, native and naturalized, collected in the vicinity of Cincinnati, Ohio. Lenz, Harald Othmar, 1798-1870 (Lenz). Schwamme 1-130. 1831.—Die niitzlichen und schaddlichen Schwamme. Leuba, F. (Leuba). Champ. Comest. 1-118. pi. 1-54. 18[87-]90.—Les champignons comestibles et les espéces vénéneuses, Léveillé, Joseph Henri, 1796-1870 (Lév.). Ann. Sci. Nat. III. 2: 167-192. S 1844; 193-221. O 1844.—Champignons exotiques. Ann. Sei. Nat. ITI. 5: 111-128. F 1846; 129-167. Mr 1846.—Description des champig- nons de l’herbier du Muséum de Paris. Ann. Sci. Nat. ITI. 5: 249-304. My 1846.—Description des champignons de l’herbier du Muséum de Paris. (Suite.) Ann. Sci, Nat. III. 9: 119-128. F 1848; 129-144. Mr 1848.—Fragments mycologiques. In Mont. Voy. Bonite Crypt. 164-204. 1846.—Champignons. Leysser, Friedrich Wilhelm von, 1731-1815 (Leysser). Libert, Marie Anne, 1782-1865 (Libert). Pl. Crypt. 1-400. 1830-37.—Plantae cryptogamicae, quas in Arduenna collegit. J-100. 1830. 201-300. 1834, 101-200. 1832. 301-400. 1837. Lightfoot, John, 1735-1788 (Lighitf.). FL. Scot. 1-1151. 1777,—Flora scotica. Lindblad, Matts Adolf, 1821-1899 (Lindblad). Monog. Lact. Suec. 1-31. 1855.—Monographia Lactariorum Sueciae. Svampbok 1-166. f. 1-118 (on 4 pl.). 1901.—Svampbok. Linhart, Gyérgy, 1844- (Linhart). Fungi Hung. 1-500. [1882-86]. Fungi hungarici. The title on the labels is in Latin, but on the covers only in Hungarian (Magyarorszag gomb4i) and German (Ungarns Pilze). 1-100. 1882. 201-300. 1884. 401-500. 1886, 101-200. 1883. 301-400. 1885. Link, Johann Heinrich Friedrich, 1767-1851 (Link). Ges. Nat. Freunde Berlin Mag. 3: 1-42. pl. 1, 2. 1809.—Observationes in ordines plantarum naturales. Dissertatio Ima. Neues Jour. Bot. Schrad. 3!: 1-19. J. 1, 1809.—Nova plantarum genera e classe Lichen- um, Algarum, Fungorum. Linnaeus, Carl, 1707-1778 (L.). Sp. Pl. 1-1200. 1753.—Species plantarum. Sp. Pl. ed. 2. 1762-63.—Species plantarum. Editio secunda, aucta. 1-784. S$ 1762. 785-1684. Jl 1763. Lloyd, Curtis Gates, 1859- (C. G. Lloyd). Myc. Notes 1-588. 1898-1916.—Mycological notes. 1-8. 1898. 157-204. 1904. 445-492, 1910. 9-32. 1899. 205-244. 1905. 493-508. 1911, 33-48. 1900. 245-308, 1906. 509-524, 1912. 49-80. 1901. 309-364. 1907, 525-540. 1915. 81-120. 1902. 365-412. 1908. 541-588, 1916. 121-156 1903. 413-444, 1909. Phot. 1895-97.—Photographs of American fungi. 442, NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 9 Lénnegren, August Valfrid, 1842-1904 (Lénnegren). Nord. Svampb. ed. 2, 1-72. pl. 1-4. 1895.—Nordisk svampbok. Andra upplagan. Longyear, Burton Orange, 1868— (Longyear). Rep. Mich. Acad. Sci. 3: 57-60. 1902.—New species of Michigan fungi. Lorinser, Friedrich Wilhelm, 1817-1895 (F. Lorinser). Essb. Schwamme 1-84. pl. 1-12. 1876.—Die wichtigsten essbaren, verdachtigen und giftigen Schwamme. Lovejoy, Ruth Harrison (Lovejoy). Bot. Gaz. 50: 383-385. 16 N 1910.—Some new saprophytic fungi of the middle Rocky Mountain region. Lucand, Jean Louis, 1821-1896 (Lucand). Champ. Fr. pl. 1-425. 1881-95.—Figures peintes de champignons de la France. pl. 1-25, 1881. pl. 151-175. 1886. pl. 326-350. 1892. pl. 26-75. 1882. pl. 176-225, 1887. pl. 351-375. 1893. pl. 76-100. 1883. pl. 226-250, 1888, pl. 376-400. 1894. pl. 101-125. 1884. pl. 251-275, 1889. pl. 401-425. 1895. pl. 126-150. 1885. pl. 276-325. 1890. Mcllvaine, Charles, 1840—- (Mcllv.). Am. Fungi 1-704. pl. 1-182. 1900.—One thousand American fungi. Many of the “plates” are text figures. MacKay, Alexander Howard, 1848- (MacKay). Proc. Trans. Nova Scot. Inst. 11: 122-143. Au 1904.—Fungi of Nova Scotia: a provi- sional list. The part of the Proceedings containing this paper is dated 27 Mr 1905; but separates were issued in August 1904, Macoun, James Melville, 1862— (J. M. Macoun). In D. S. Jordan, Fur Seals N. Pacif. 3: 559-587. pl. 87-94. 1899.—A list of the plants of the Pribilof Islands, Bering Sea, with notes on their distribution. Maire, René, 1878— (Maire). Myc. Bor.-Afr. 1-175. 1912-14.—Mycotheca boreali-africana: 1-75. 1912. 76-100. 1913, 101-175. 1914. Rech. Cyt. Tax. Basid. 1-209. pl. 1-8. 1902.—Recherches cytologiques et taxonomiques sur les Basidiomycétes. Thesis. Also issued as Bull. Soc. Myc. Fr. 18: Suppl. 31 D 1902. Marshall, Caroline Nina Lovering, 1861—- (N. Marsh.). Mushr. Book 1-167. pl. 1-48. 1901.—The mushroom book. The plates are not numbered, but numbers are assigned to them in a list in the text (xvii-xx). Massee, George Edward, 1847— (Massee). Jour. Bot. 30: 161-164. pl. 321-323. Je 1892—Some West Indian fungi. Jour. Bot. 30: 196-198. pi. 325. Jl 1892._Some West Indian fungi. (Continued.) Meyer, Georg Friedrich Wilhelm, 1782-1856 (G. Meyer). FI. Esseq. 1-316. pl. 1, 2. 1818.—Primitiae florae essequeboensis. Micheli, Pier’ Antonio, 1679-1737 (Micheli). Nov. Pl. Gen. 1-234. pl. 1-108. 1729.—Nova plantarum genera. Miquel, Friedrich Anton Wilhelm, 1811-1871 (Miq.). Bull. Sci. Phys. Nat. Néerl. 1839: 453-457. 1840.—Note sur quelques plantes cellu- laires nouvelles. ’ Montagne, Jean Pierre Francois Camille, 1784-1866 (Mont.). Ann. Sci. Nat. II, 8: 345-370. D 1837.—Centurie de plantes cellulaires exotiques nouvelles, Part 6, 1916] BIBLIOGRAPHY 448 Aon. Sci. Nat. II. 16: 108-128. Au 1841.—Seconde centurie de plantes cellulaires exotiques nouvelles. Décade IX. Ann. Sci. Nat. II. 18: 241-256. O 1842; 257-282. N 1842.—Troisiéme centurie de plantes cellulaires exotiques nouvelles. Décades V, VI, VII et VIII. Ann. Sci. Nat. II. 20: 352-379. D 1843—-Quatriéme centurie de plantes cellulaires exotiques nottvelles. Décades VIII, IX et X. Ann. Sci, Nat. TV. 1: 91-128. pl. 11. F 1854; 129-144. Mr 1854.—Cryptogamia guyaneusis. ‘ Ann. Sci. Nat. IV. 5: 333-374. 1856.—Septiéme centurie de plantes cellulaires nouvelles, tant indigénes qu’exotiques. Ann. Sci. Nat. IV. 14: 167-185. 1. 10, 11. 1860.—Neuviéme centurie de plantes cellu- laires nouvelles, tant indigénes qu’exotiques. Décades I et II. Pl. Cell. Cuba 1-549. pi. 1-20. 1842.—Histoire physique, politique et naturelle de I’fle de Cuba. Botanique.—Plantes cellulaires. Title-page date is ‘1838-1842, but no part had been published in F 1842 (see Mont. Ann. Sci. Nat. II. 17: 119, footnote); the entire volume, however, seems to have been issued before the end of that year. Syll. Crypt. 1-498. 1856.—Sylloge generum specierumque cryptogamarum. Voy. Bonite Crypt. 1-355. 1844-46” [1846]—Voyage autour du monde exécuté pendant les années 1836 et 1837 sur la corvette La Bonite. Botanique. Cryptogames cellulaires et vasculaires. Champignons (164-204) by Léveillé. Morgan, Andrew Price, 1836-1907 (Morgan). Jour. Cine. Soc. Nat. Hist. 6: 54-81. pl. 2-5. Ap 1883.—The mycologic flora of the Miami valley, O. Jour. Cine. Soc. Nat. Hist. 6: 97-117. Jl 1883.—The mycologic flora of the Miami valley, O. (Continued.) Jour. Cinc. Soc. Nat. Hist. 6: 173-199. pl. 8, 9. O 1883.—The mycologic flora of the Miami valley, O. (Continued.) Jour, Cinc. Soc. Nat. Hist. 7: 5-10. pi. 1. Ap 1884.—The mycologic flora of the Miami valley, O. (Continued.) Jour. Cine. Soc. Nat. Hist. 8: 91-111. pi. 1. Jl 1885.—The mycologic flora of the Miami valley, Ohio. (Continued.) Jour. Cine. Soc, Nat. Hist. 18: 36-45. pl. 1-3. 20 O 1895.—New North American fungi. Jour. Myc. 11: 201-212. 16 D 1905.—North American species of Marasmius. Jour. Myc. 11: 233-247. 22 D 1905.—North American species of Marasmius. (Con- tinued.) Jour. Myc. 12: 1-9. 8 Mr 1906.—North American species of Marasmius. (Continued.) Jour. Myc. 12: 92-95. 9 Je 1906.—North American species of Heliomyces. Miiller, Otto Fridrich, 1730-1784 (Miill.). Fl. Dan. 15: 1-6. pl. 841-900. 1782.—Florae danicae iconum fasciculus decimus quintus. Murrill, William Alphonso, 1869— (Murrill). Bull. Torrey Club 29: 599-608. 31 O 1902.—The Polyporaceae of North America—I. The genus Ganoderma. Bull. Torrey Club 30: 109-120. 28 F 1903.—The Polyporaceae of North America—II. The genus Pyropolyporus. : Bull. Torrey Club 30: 225-232. 24 Ap 1903.—The Polyporaceae of North America—III. The genus Fomes. Bull. Torrey Club 30: 296-301. 16My 1903.—The Polyporaceae of North America—IV. The genus Elfvingia. Bull. Torrey Club 30: 423-434. 4 Au 1903.—The Polyporaceae of North America—V. The genera Cryptoporus, Piptoporus, Scutiger, and Porodiscus. Bull. Torrey Club 31: 29-44. 19 Ja 1904.—The Polyporaceae of North America—VI. The genus Polyporus. 444 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 Bull. Torrey Club 31: 325-348. 24 Je 1904—The Polyporaceae of North America—VII. The genera Hexagona, Grifola, Romellia, Coltricia, and Coltriciella. Bull. Torrey Club 31: 415-428. 26 Au 1904.—The Polyporaceae of North America —VIII. Hapalopilus, Pycnoporus, and new monotypic genera. Bull. Torrey Club 31: 593-610. 26N 1904.—The Polyporaceae of North America—IX. TInonotus, Sesia, and monotypic genera. Bull. Torrey Club 32: 83-103. 22 Mr 1905.—The Polyporaceae of North America—X. Agaricus, Lenzites, Cerrena, and Favolus. Bull. Torrey Club 32: 353-371. 29 Jl 1905.—The Polyporaceae of North America—XI. A synopsis of the brown pileate species. Bull. Torrey Club 32: 469-493. 21S 1905.—The Polyporaceae of North America—XII. A synopsis of the white and bright-colored pileate species. Bull. Torrey Club 32: 633-656. 22 Ja 1906—The Polyporaceae of North America—XTIII. The described species of Bjerkandera, Trametes, and Coriolus. Bull. Torrey Club 34: 465-481. 19 O 1907.—Some Philippine Polyporaceae. Ed. Pois. Mushr. 1-76. [26 Je]. f. 1-47. [10 Au] 1916.—Edible and poisonous mush- rooms. Jour. Myc. 9: 87-102. 29 My 1903.—A historical review of the genera of the Poly- poraceae. Mycologia 1: 4-18. 27 F 1909.—The Boletaceae of North America. I. Mycologia 1: 140-160. 22 Jl 1909.—The Boletaceae of North America. II. Mycologia 1: 218, 219. 11S 1909.—A new Boletus from tropical America. Mycologia 3: 23-36. 31 Ja 1911.—The Agaricaceae of tropical North America. I. Mycologia 3: 97-105. pi. 40. 3 Je 1911.—Ilustrations of fungi. VIII. Mycologia 3: 165-169. pl. 49. 27 Jl 1911.—Illustrations of fungi. IX. Mycologia 3: 189-199. 27 Jl 1911.—The Agaricaceae of tropical Nerth America. III. Mycologia 4: 163-169. pl. 68. 13 Jl 1912.—Illustrations of fungi. XI. Mycologia 4: 205-217. 13 Jl 1912.—The Agaricaceae of the Pacific coast. I. Mycologia 4: 289-293. pl. 76. 23 N 1912.—Illustrations of fungi. XII. Mycologia 4: 331, 332. 23 N 1912.—New combinations for tropical agarics. Mycologia 5: 206-223. 10 Jl 1913.—The Agaricaceae of the Pacific coast. IV. New species of Clitocybe and Melanoleuca. Mycologia 6: 1-4. pl. 113. 14 Ja 1914.—Illustrations of fungi. XVII. Mycologia 7: 215, 216. 28 Jl 1915.—The new genus Lentodiellum. Mycologia 7: 256-283. pl. 164-166. 15 $ 1915.—The genus Clitocybe in North America. Torreya 4: 150, 151. 29 O 1904.—A new species of Polyporus from Tennessee. Torreya 5: 197, 25 N 1905.—Tomophagus for Dendrophagus. Torreya 6: 34-37. 19 F 1906.—The pileate Polyporaceae of central Maine. Torreya 8: 209-217. 26S 1908.—Boleti from western Ni orth Carolina. Nees von Esenbeck, Christian Gottfried Daniel, 1776-1858 (Nees). Syst. Pilze Schw. 1-334. pl. I-44. 1817.—Das System der Pilze und Schwamme. Not to be confused with Nees & Henry, Syst. Pilze. Noulet, Jean Baptiste, 1802-1890; Dassier, A. (Noulet & Dassier). Traité Champ. 1-260. p). 1-42. 1838.—Traité des champignons comestibles, suspectes et vénéneux, qui croissent dans le bassin sous-pyrenéen. Opatowski, Wilhelm, 1810-1838 (Opat.). Comm. Bolet. 1-34. pl. 1. 1836.—Commentatio historico-naturalis de familia fungorum Boletoideorum. Osbeck, Pehr, 1723-1805 (Osbeck). Otto, Johann Gottfried, 1761-18—? (Otto). g Versuch Agar. 1-106. 1816.—Versuch einer auf die Ordnung und den Stand der Lamellen gegriindeten Anordnung und Beschreibung der Agaricorum. Part 6, 1916] BIBLIOGRAPHY 445 Palisot de Beauvois, Ambrose Marie Francois Joseph, 1752-1820 (Beauv.). Fl. Oware “1804-07” [1805-21].—Flore d’Oware et de Benin en Afrique. Approximate dates of publication: . 1: 1-48. pl. 1-30. 1805. : 49-72. pl. 31-42. 1806. : 73-100. pl. 43-60. 1807. 1-12. pl. 61-66. 1808. 2: 13-32. pl. 67-78. 1809. Palmer, Julius Auboineau, 1840-1899 (Palmer). Mushr. Am. 1-4. pl. I-12. 1885.—Mushrooms of America, edible and poisonous. Passerini, Giovanni, 1816-1893 (Pass.). Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. 4: 97-113. Ap 1872.—Funghi parmensi enumerati. (Continu- azione.) Patouillard, Narcisse, 1854—- (Pat.). Bull. Soc. Myc. Fr. 5: 64-80. pl. 10, 11. 1889.—Le genre Ganoderma. Bull. Soc. Myc. Fr. 5: 84, 85. 1889.—Sur une nouvelle forme de polypore a hymenium vesiculaire. Bull. Soc. Myc. Fr. 12: 132-136. pl. 9. 1896—Champignons nouveaux ou peu connus. Bull. Soc. Myc. Fr. 14: 53-57. pl. 7. 31 Ap 1898.—Quelques champignons nouveaux récoltés au Mexique par Paul Maury. Bull. Soc. Myce. Fr. 15: 121-209. p]. 9, 10. 31 J1 1899.—Champignons de la Guadeloupe. Bull. Soc. Myc. Fr. 16: 175-188. pl. 7. 28 F 1901—Champignons de la Guadeloupe. (2e série.) Bull. Soc. Myc. Fr. 18: 171-186. 15 My 1902——Champignons de la Guadeloupe. (3e série.) Cat. Tun. 1-158. 1897.—Catalogue raisonné des plantes cellulaires de la Tunisie. Hymén. Eur. 1-166. pi. 1-4. 1887.—Les Hyménomycétes d’Europe. In Duss, Enum. Champ. Guad. 1-94. 1903.—[All nomenclature in the work.] Jour. de Bot. 1: 169-171. 15 Jl 1887—WNote sur quelques champignons de Vherbier du Muséum d’histoire naturelle de Paris. Jour. de Bot. 2: 406, 407. 16 N 1888.—Fragments mycologiques. (Suite.) Jour. de Bot. 3: 165-168. 16 My 1889.—Fragments mycologiques. Champignons extra-européens. Jour. de Bot. 3: 335-343. 16 O 1889,—Fragments mycologiques. Note sur quelques champignons de la Martinique. Jour. de Bot. 4: 12-20. 1 Ja 1890.—Contributions 4 la flore mycologique du Tonkin. Jour. de Bot. 4: 197-200. 16 My 1890.—Fragments mycologiques. X. Quelques champignons extra-européens. Tab. Fung. 1883-89.—Tabulae analyticae fungorum. : 33-44. pl. 79-84. 1812. : 45-72. pl. 85-102. 1816. : 73-84. pl. 103-114. 1818. : 85-95. pl. 115-120. 1821. nue eH NNN WH de 1-40. f. 1-100. 1883. 1: 181-232. f. 401-500. 1886. 1: 41-85. f. 101-200. 1883. 2: 1-42. f. 501-605. 1887. 1: 89-134. f. 201-300. 1884. 2: 43-75. f. 606-700. 1889. 1: 137-180. f. 301-400. 1885. (No more publ.) Tax. Hymén. 1-184. 1[900.—Essai taxonomique sur les familles et les genres des Hyméno- mycétes. Patouillard, Narcisse, 1854- ; Gaillard, Albert, 1858-1903 (Pat. & Gaill.). Bull. Soc, Myc. Fr. 4: 7-46. pl. 6-13. 1888.—Champignons du Vénézuéla et principale- ment de la région du Haut-Orénoque, récoltés en 1887 par M. A. Gaillard. Patouillard, Narcisse, 1854— ; Lagerheim, Nils Gustaf, 1860— (Pat. & Lagerh.). Bull. Soc. Myc. Fr. 9: 124-165. pl. 8-10. 1893.—Champignons del’Equateur. (Pugillus III.) Patouillard, Narcisse, 1854— ; Peck, Charles Horton, 1833— (Pat. & Peck). 446 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLumE 9 Paulet, Jean Jacques, 1740-1826 (Paulet). Traité Champ. 1: 1-629. 2: 1-476. 1793.—Traité des champignons. The plates (217) were issued in fascicles at later dates (1812-35); they are irregularly numbered, and are cited to the more regularly numbered reissue (Paulet & Léy. Ic. Champ.). Paulet, Jean Jacques, 1740-1826; Léveillé, Joseph Henri, 1796-1870 (Paulet & Lév.). Ic. Champ. 1-135. pl, 1-204. 1855.—Iconographie des champignons. Peck, Charles Horton, 1833— (Peck). Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Cab. 23: 27-135. pl. I-6. 1872.—Report of the Botanist [for 1869]. Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 24: 41-108. pl. I-4. 1872.—Report of the Botanist [for 1870]. Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 25: 57-124. pl. 1,2. 1873.—Report of the Botanist [for 1871]. Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 26: 35-91. Ap 1874.—Report of the Botanist [for 1872]. Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 27: 73-113. pl. 1,2. 1875.—Report of the Botanist [for 1873]. Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 28: 31-88. pi. 1,2. 1875” [1876].—Report of the Botanist (for 1874]. Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 29: 29-82. pl. 1,2. 1878.—Report of the Botanist [for 1875]. Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 30: 23-78. pl. 1,2. 1878.—Report of the Botanist [for 1876]. Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 31: 19-60. 1879.—Report of the Botanist [for 1877]. Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 32: 17-72. 1879” [1880].—Report of the Botanist [for 1878]. Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 33: 11-49. pl. 1,2. “1880” [1883].—Report of the Botanist [for 1879]. Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 34: 24-58. pl. I-4. “1881” [1883].—Report of the Botanist [for 1880]. Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 35: 125-164. 1884.—Report of the Botanist [for 1881]. Ann. Rep. N.Y. State Mus, 38: 77-138. pl. 1-3. 1885.—Report of the Botanist [for 1884}. Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 39: 30-75. pl. 1,2. ‘ 1886” [1887].—Report of the Botanist [for 1885]. Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 40: 37-77. 1887.—Report of the Botanist [for 1886]. Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 41: 49-122. 1888—Report of the Botanist [for 1887]. Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 42: 99-144. pi. 1, 2. 1889.—Annual report of the State Botanist [for 1888]. Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 43: 49-97. pl. 1-4. 1890.—Annual report of the State Botanist [for 1889]. Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 44: 115-195. 1. 1-4. 1891—Annual report of the State Botanist [for 1890]. Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 45: 63-102. ‘‘1892” [1893]—Annual report of the State Botanist [for 1891]. Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 46: 83-149. 1893.—Annual report of the State Botanist [for 1892]. Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 49: 17-83. 1. 44-49. 1897,—Annual report of the State Botanist [for 1895]. Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 50: 77-159. 1897.—Annual report of the State Botanist {for 1896]. Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 51: 267-321. pl. A, B, 50-56. 1898.—Report of the State. Botanist 1897. Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 52: 617-688. See: Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 5: 617-688. Ann. Rep. N. Y.State Mus. 53: 821-867. pl. A~D. 1900.—Reportof the State Botanist 1899. Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 54: 129-199, pl. E-I, 69-76. 1901.—Report of the State Botanist 1900. Bot. Gaz. 4: 216-219. O 1879.—New species of fungi. Bot. Gaz. 6: 274-277. O 1881.—New species of fungi. Bot. Gaz. 7: 43-45. Ap 1882.—New species of fungi. Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 1: 41-72. Ji 1873.—Descriptions of new species of fungi. Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 4: 174-235. 1883.—Fungi [of Buffalo and its vicinity]. ,. Part 6, 1916] BIBLIOGRAPHY 447 Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 17: 1-66. pl. 1, 2. “My 1887.” [Ja 1888].—Contributions to the botany of the state of New York. Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 8: 73-166. S 1889.—Boleti of the United States. Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 5: 617-688. pl. 57-61. O 1899.—Report of the State Botanist 1898. Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 10: 929-984. p1. K, L, 77-81. N 1902.—Report of the State Botanist 1901. Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 67: 1-194. pl. M, N, 82-84. My 1903.—Report of the State Botanist 1902. Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 75: 1-68. pl. O, 84-86. 1904.—Report of the State Botanist 1903. Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 94: 1-58. pl. P—-R, 87-93. Jl 1905.—Report of the State Botanist 1904, Bull. N. V. State Mus. 105: 1-106. pl. S, T, 94-103. Au 1906.—Report of the State Botanist 1905. Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 116: 1-117. pl. 104-109. Jl 1907,—Report of the State Botanist 1906. Bull. N. Y. State Mus, 122: 1-175. pl. 110-114. 15 Au 1908.—Report of the State Botanist 1907. Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 131: 1-202. pl. U, V, 115, 116. 1 Jl 1909.—Report of the State Botanist 1908. Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 139: 1-114. pl. ZZ, II, 117-120, W-Z. 1 My 1910.—Report of the State Botanist 1909. Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 150: 1-100. pl. 121-123, IV, VI. 15 My 1911.—Report of the State Botanist 1910. Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 157: 1-139. pl. 124-130, VII, VIII. 1 Mr 1912.—Report of the State Botanist 1911. Bull. N. Y. State Mus. 167: 1-137. pl. 131, 132,I1X, X. 18 1913.—Report of the State Botanist 1912. Bull. Torrey Club 7: 102-105. O 1880.—Polyporus volvatus Peck, and its varieties. Bull. Torrey Club 8: 49-51. pl. 7. My 1881.—Two new species of fungi. Bull. Torrey Club 10: 73-75. pl. 35. Jl 1883.—New species of fungi. Bull. Torrey Club 11: 26-28. Mr 1884.—New species of fungi. Bull. Torrey Club 12: 33-36. £1. 49. Ap 1885.—New species of fungi. Bull. Torrey Club 22: 198-211. 15 My 1895.—New species of fungi. Bull. Torrey Club 22: 485-493. 30 D 1895.—New species of fungi. Bull. Torrey Club 23: 411-420. 25 O 1896.—New species of fungi. Bull. Torrey Club 24: 137-147. 30 Mr 1897.—New species of fungi. Bull. Torrey Club 25: 321-328. 8 Je 1898.—WNew species of fungi. Bull. Torrey Club 25: 368-372. 15 Jl 1898.—New species of Alabama fungi. Bull. Torrey Club 26: 63-71. 18 F 1899.—New species of fungi. Bull. Torrey Club 27: 14-21. 24 Ja 1900.—New species of fungi. Bull. Torrey Club 27: 609-613. 29 D 1900.—New species of fungi. Bull. Torrey Club 29: 69-74, 25 F 1902.—New species of fungi. Bull. Torrey Club 30: 95-101. 28 F 1903.—New species of fungi. Bull. Torrey Club 31: 177-182. 28 Ap 1904.—New species of fungi. Bull. Tortey Club 32: 77-81. 22 Mr 1905.—New species of fungi, Bull. Torrey Club 33: 213-221. 10 My 1906.—New species of fungi. Bull. Torrey Club 34: 97-104. 9 Ap 1907.—New species of fungi. Bull. Torrey Club 34: 345-349. 12 S 1907.—New species of fungi. Bull. Torrey Club 36: 153-157. 27 Mr 1909.—New species of fungi. Bull. Torrey Club 36: 329-339. 17 Je 1909.—New species of fungi. Harriman Alaska Exp. Crypt. 44-49. 1904.—Family Agaricaceae. Jour. Myc. 3: 53, 54. My 1887.—Notes on the Boleti of the United States. Jour. Myc. 14: 1-3. 2 Ja 1908.—New species of fungi. Mem. N. Y. State Mus. 3: 131-234. pl. 44-68. 1901.—Report of the State Botanist on edible fungi of New York, 1895-1899. 448 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 Peltereau, Ernest, 1842— (Pelt.). Persoon, Christiaan Hendrik, 1755-1837 (Pers.). Champ. Comest. 1-276. pl. 1-4. 1818.—Traité sur les champignons comestibles. Ic. Deser. Fung. 1-60. pl. 1-14. 1798~1800.—Icones et descriptiones fungorum minus cognitorum. 1-26. pl. 1-7. 1798. 27-60. pl. 8-14. 1800. Myc. Eu. 1822-28.—Mycologia europaea. 1: 1-356. pl. 1-12. 1822. 3: 1-282. pl. 23-30. 1828. 2: 1-214. pl. 13-22. 1825. Neues Mag. Bot. 1: 63-128. pl. 1-4. 1794,—Neuer Versuch einer systematischen Eintheilung der Schwamme. Obs. Myc. 1796-99.—Observationes mycologicae. 1: 1-115. pl. 1-6. 1796, 2: 1-106. pl. 1-6. 1799, Syn. Fung. i-xxx, 1-706. pl. 1-5. 1801.—Synopsis methodica fungorum. Tent. Disp. Fung. 1-76. pl. 1-4. 1797.—Tentamen dispositionis methodicae fungorum, Pages 1-48 = Neues Mag. Bot. 1: 81-128. Phoebus, Philipp, 1804-1880 (Phoebus). Deuts, Krypt. Giftgew. 1-114. pi. 1-9. 1838.—Deutschlands kryptogamische Gift- gewachse. Planer, Johann Jacob, 1743-1789 (Planer). Ind. Pl. Erf. 1-284. Add. 1-44. 1788.—Index plantarum quas in agro erfurtensi sponte provenientes. Plumier, Charles, 1646-1704 (Plumier). Traité Foug. i-xxxvi, 1-146. pl. A, B, 1-170. 1705.—Traité des fougéres de l’Amérique. Poiret, Jean Louis Marie, 1755-1834 (Poir.). In Lam. Encyc. 7: 496-500. 1806.—Suille. Suillus. Pollini, Ciro, 1782-1833 (Pollini). FL. Ver. 1822-24.—Flora veronensis. 1: 1-535. pl. 1,2. 1822. 3: 1-898. pl. 1-4. 1824. 2: 1-754. pl. 1-6. 1822. Pl. Nov. 1-40. pl. 1. 1816.—Horti et provinciae veronensis plantae novae vel ‘minus cognitae. : Quélet, Lucien, 1832-1899 (Quél.). ; Assoc. Fr. Av. Sci. Compte Rendu 9: 661-675. 1881—Quelques espéces critiques ou nouvelles de la flore mycologique de France. Assoc. Fr. Av. Sci. Compte Rendu 14°: 444-453. 1886.—Quelques espéces critiques ou nouvelles de la flore mycologique de France. Assoc. Fr, Av. Sci. Compte Rendu 267: 446-453. pl. 4. 1898.—Quelques espéces critiques ou nouvelles de la flore mycologique de la France. Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 23: 324-332. pl. 2, 3. 1876.—De quelques nouvelles espéces de champignons du Jura et des Vosges. Champ. Jura Vosg. 1872-75.—Les champignons du Jura et des Vosges. (1:) 1-320. pl. 1-24. 1872. 3: 1-128. pl. 1-4. 1875. (2:) 321-424. pl. 1-5. 1873. Ench. Fung. 1-352. 1886.—Enchiridion fungorum. Fl. Myc. Fr. 1-492. 1888.—Flore mycologique de la France et des pays limitrophes. Quélet, Lucien, 1832~1899; Schulzer von Miiggenburg, Stephan, 1802-1892 (Quél. & (Schulzer). Rabenhorst, Gottlob Ludwig, 1806-1881 (Rab.). Fungi Eur. 1-2600. 1859-80.—Fungi europaei exsiccati. 1-100. 1859, 301-400. 1861. 501-600. 1863. 101-300. 1860. 401-500. 1862. 601-700. 1864. Part 6, 1916] BIBLIOGRAPHY 449 701-900. 1865. 1401-1500. 1871. 2001-2200. 1876. 901-1100. 1866. 1501-1600. 1872. 2201-2300. 1877. 1101-1200. 1868. 1601-1700. 1873. 2301-2400. 1878. 1201-1300. 1869. 1701-1900. 1874. 2401-2500. 1879. 1301-1400. 1870. 1901-2000. 1875. 2501-2600. 1880. Continued as Rab.-Wint. Fungi Eur. Herb. Viv. Myc. ed. 2; see Klotzsch, Herb. Viv. Myc. ed. 2. Rabenhorst, Gottlob Ludwig, 1806-1881; Winter, Heinrich Georg, 1848-1887 (Rab.-Wint.). Fungi Eur. 2601-3600. 1881~86.—Fumgi europaei et extraeuropaei. Continuation of Rab. Fungi Eur. 2601-2700. 1881. 2901-3000. 1883. 3201-3400. 1885. 2701-2900. 1882. 3001-3200. 1884. 3401-3600. 1886. Continued as Rab.-Wint.-Paz. Fungi Eur. ‘Rabenhorst, Gottlob Ludwig, 1806-1881; Winter, Heinrich Georg, 1848-1887; Pazschke, Otto (Rab.-Wint.-Paz.). Fungi Eur. 3601-4100. 1890-95.—Fungi europaei et extraeuropaei. Continuation of Rab.-Wint. Fungi Eur. 3601-3700. 1890. 3801-3900. 1892. 4001-4100. 1895, 3701-3800. 1891. 3901-4000. 1893. Continued as Rab.-Paz. Fungi Eur. Ravenel, Henry William, 1814-1887 (Rav.). Fungi Am. 1-800. 1878-82.—Fungi americani exsiccati. 1-200. 1878. 401-600. 1881. 201-400. 1879. 601-800. 1882. Fungi Car. 1852-60.—Fungi caroliniani exsiccati. 1: 1-100. 1852. 3: 1-100. 1855. 5: 1-100. 1860. 2: 1-100. 1853. 4: 1-100. 1855. Rebentisch, Johann Friedrich, 1772-1810 (Rebent.). Prodr. Fl. Neom. 1-406. p/. 1-4. 1804.—Prodromus florae neomarchicae. Reichenbach, Heinrich Gottleib Ludwig, 1793-1879 (Reichenb.). Consp. 1-294. 1828.—Conspectus regni vegetabilis. Relhan, Richard, 1753-1823 (Relhan). Fl. Cantabr. Suppl. 1-39. 1786.—Florae cantabrigiensi supplementum. Retzius, Anders Johan, 1742-1821 (Retz.). ; \ Sv. Vet.-Akad. Handl. 30: 243-255. 1769.—Anmarkningar vid Skanes ért-historie, Richon, Charles Edouard, 1820-1893; Roze, Ernest, 1833-1900 (Richon & Roze). Atl. Champ. 1-265. pl. 1-72. 18[85-]87.—Atlas des champignons comestibles et véné-. neux de la France et des pays circonvoisins. 1-24. pl. 1-8. 1885. 97-265. pl. 41-72. 1887, 25-96. pl. 9-40. 1886. Ricken, Adalbert (Ricken). Blatterp. Dewtschl. 1-480. p/. J-112. 1910-15.—Die Blatterpilze (Agaricaceae) Deutsch- lands und der angrenzenden Lander. 1-64, pl. 1-16. 1910. 257-320. pl. 65-80. 1913. 65-128, pl. 17-32. 1911. 321-384. pl. 81-96, 1914. 129-256. pl. 33-64. 1912. 385-480. pl. 97-112. 1915. Rolland, Léon, 1841-1912 (Rolland). Bull. Soc. Myc. Fr. 17: 180, 181. pl. 8. 31 Au 1901.—Une nouvelle espéce de Ganoder- ma. Romell, Lars Gunnar, 1854— (Romell). Bih. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Handl. 26 (3)"8: 1-61. pi. 1-3. 1901.—Hymenomycetes austro- atmericani in itinere Regnelliano primo collecti I. 450 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUuME Fungi Scand. 1-200. 1890-95.—Fungi exsiccati praesertim scandinavici. J-100. 1890. 101-200. 1895. Oefv. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Férb. 48: 163-184. 1891.—Observationes mycologicae. I. De genere Russula, Roques, Joseph, 1772-1850 (Roques). Hist. Champ. ed. 2. 1-482. pl. 1-24. 1841.—Histoire des champignons comestibles et vénéneux. Deuxiéme édition, revue et augmentée. Rostkovius, Friedrich Wilhelm Theophil, 1770-1848 (Rostk.). In Sturm, Deuts. Fl. Pilze 4: 1-132. pl. 1-64. 5: 1-132. pl. 1-48. 1828-44.—Die Pilze Deutschlands. 4: 1-36. pl. I-16. 1828. 4: 101-132. pl. 49-64. 1838. 4: 37-68. pl. 17-32. 1830. 3: 1-36. pl. I-16. 1839. 4; 694100. pl. 33-48. 1837. 5: 37-132. pl. 17-48. 1844. he Roumeguére, Casimir, 1828-1892 (Roum.). i . Crypt. Ill. Champ. 1-164. f. 1-567. 1870.—Cryptogamie illustrée. Famille des cham- pignons. Fungi Gall. /-4100. 1879-87.—Fungi gallici exsiccati. 1-600. 1879, 1801-2300. 1882. 3101-3500. 1885. 601-1000, 1880. 2301-2700. 1883. 3501-3900. 1886, 1001-1800, 1881. 2701-3100. 1884. 3901-4100. 1887. Continued as Roum. Fungi Sel. Fungi Sel. 4101-7400. 1887-98.—Fungi selecti exsiccati. Continuation of Roum. Fungi Gall. 4101-4300. 1887. 5501-5900. 1891. 6701-6900. 1895. 4301-4700. 1888. 5901-6200. 1892. 6901-7100. 1896. 4701-5100. 1889. 6201-6400. 1893. 7101-7300. 1897. 5101-5500. 1890. 6401-6700. 1894, 7301-7400. 1898. Roussel, Henri Frangois Anne de, 1748-1812 (Roussel). Fl, Calvados ed. 2. 1-371. 1806.—Flore du Calvados et terrains adjacents. Ruprecht, Franz Josef, 1814-1870 (Rupr.). Russell, John Lewis, 1808-1873 (Russell). Saccardo, Domenico, 1872— (D. Sacc.). Myc. Ital. 1-1750. 1897-1913.—Mycotheca italica. 1-200. 1897, 601-800. 1901. 1201-1400. 1904. 201-400. 1898. 801-1000. 1902. 1401-1600. 1905. 401-600. 1900. 1001-1200. 1903: 1601-1750. 1913. Saccardo, Pier’Andrea, 1845- (Sacc.). Michelia 1: 361-445. 15 N 1878.—Fungi veneti novi vel critici. Series IX. Mye. Ven. 1-1600. 1874-81.—Mycotheca veneta sistens fungos venetos exsiccatos. 1-300, 1874, 901-1100. 1877. 1301-1400. 1879. 301-900, 1876. 1101-1300, 1878. 1401-1600. 1881. Syll. Fung. 1882-1913.—Sylloge fungorum omnium hucusque cognitorum. 1:1 —768. 13 Je 1882. 11: [i-vii,] 1-718. Ji 1895. 2: 1 -815, iidxix. 13 Je 1883. (12:—13:— = Indices.) 3: 1 ~860. | 15 D 1884. 14: 1-1273. 20 Au 1899. 4: 1 -807. 10 Ap 1886. (15:— = Index.) 5: 1 1146. 28 My 1887. 16: J-1233. 1 F 1902. 6: 1 -928. 1 Au 1888. 17: 1-991, 25 My 1905. 7:1 498. 15 Mr 1888. 18: 1-740. 30 Ja 1906. 72: 449-882. 28 O 1888. 19; 1-1158. 31 Mr 1910. 8: 1 -1143. 20 D 1889, 20: 1-1310. 25 My 1911. 9: 1 -~1141. 158 1891. 21: 1-928. 15 Mr 1912. 10: 1 —964. 30 Je 1892. 22: 1-1612. 20 Au 1913. Part 6, 1916) BIBLIOGRAPHY 451 Saccardo, Pier’Andrea, 1845— _; Cuboni, Giuseppe, 1852— (Sacc. & Cub.). 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The title of this series sometimes appears erroneously on separates as ‘‘ Jahresbericht.” Bidr. Finl. Nat. Folk—Bidrag till kannedom af Finlands natur och folk. Vols. 1-76—. 1858-1914. Bih. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Handl.—Bihang till Kongl. Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens handlingar. Vols. 1-28. 1872-1903. Bot. Gaz.—Botanical gazette. Vols. 2-61—-. 1876-1916—-. Vol. 1 was entitled ‘‘Botanical bulletin.” Bot. Jahrb.—Botanische Jahrbiicher fiir Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeo- graphie. Vols. 1-53-—, 1880-1915. Bot. Surv. Neb.—University of Nebraska. Botanical Survey of Nebraska. Vols. 1-7. 1892-1904, Bot. Zeit.—Botanische Zeitung. Vols. 1-68. 1843-1910. Bull. Acad. Brux.—Bulletins de l’Académie royale des sciences et belles-lettres de Bruxelles. Vols. 1-23. 1832-56. Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci.—Bulletin of the Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences. Vols. 1-10. 1873-1912. Bull. Conn. Geol. Nat. Hist. Surv.—State of Connecticut. State Geological and Natural History Survey. Bulletin. Vols. (nos.) 1-25—. 1905-15. _ Part 6, 1916] BIBLIOGRAPHY 457 Bull. Lab. Nat. Hist. Univ. lowa—Bulletin from the laboratories of natural history of the State University of Iowa. Vols. 1-6—>. 1888-1913. Bull. Minn. Acad. Sci.—Bulletin of the Minnesota Academy of Natural Sciences. Vols. 14—. 1873-1910. Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard.—Bulletin of the New York Botanical Garden. Vols. 1-7. 1896— 1911-. Bull. N. Y. State Mus.—Bulletin of the New York State Museum (of Natural History). Vols. 1-10 (nos. 1-54). 1887-1902. Nos. 55-179-—>. 1902-15. Bull. Okla. Exp. Sta——Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station. Bulletin. Nos. 1-110—. 1892-1916. Bull. Sci. Phys. Nat. Néerl.—Bulletin des sciences physiques et naturelles en Néerlande. 1838-1840. 1838-41. Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr.—Bulletin de la Société Botanique de France. Vols. 1-58—. 1854— 1913—-. Bull. Soc. Myc. Fr.—Bulletin de la Société Mycologique de France. Vols. 1-30. 1885-.- 1915—>. Vol. 8 was the first to bear the full title as here given; it appears on the plates, how- ever, as early as vol. 4. Bull. Torrey Club—Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club. Vols. 142-3. 1870-1915. Bull. U. S. Dep. Agr.—Bulletin of the U. S. Department of Agriculture. Nos. 1-372—-. 1913-16—. Bull. U. S. Dep. Agr. Pl. Ind.—Bulletin. U. 5S. Department of Agriculture. Bureau of Plant Industry. Nos. 1-285. 1901-13. Bull. U. S. Dep. Agr. Veg. Phys.—Bulletin. U.S. Department of Agriculture. Division of Vegetable Physiology and Pathology. Nos. 8-29. 1896-1901. Nos. 1-7 (1891-94) were issued under a different title. Bull. Washburn Lab. Nat. Hist.—Bulletin of the Washburn College Laboratory of Natural History. Vols. 1-2. 1884-90. Chicago Acad. Sci. Bull. Nat. Hist.—Chicago Academy of Sciences. Bulletin of the (Geo- logical and) Natural History Survey. Nos. 1-7-—>. 1896-1909->. Erb. ‘Critt. Ital. I].—Erbario crittogamico italiano. Serie II. 12-1500. 1868-85. Erythea—Erythea, a journal of botany, West American and general, Vols. 1-7. 1893- 1900. Fl. Dan.—Icones plantarum sponte nascentium in regno Daniae . . . Florae danicae nomine inscriptum. Nos. I-51 (p/. 1~3060). 1761-1883. Flora—Flora, oder (Allgemeine) botanische Zeitung. Vols. 1-108—>. 1818-1915. Geol. Wisc.—Geology of Wisconsin. Survey of 1873-18(77)79. Vols. 1-4. 1877-83. Ges. Nat. Freunde Berlin Mag.—Der Gesellschaft Naturforschende Freunde zu Berlin Maga- zin fiir die neusten Entdeckungen in der gesammten Naturkunde. Vols. 1-8. 1807-18. Grevillea—Grevillea. Vols. 1-22. 1872-94. Harriman Alaska Exp. Crypt.—Harriman Alaska Expedition. Alaska. Volume V: Crypto- gamic botany. 1904. Hedwigia—Hedwigia. Vols. 1-55—>. 1852-1914. Horae Phys. Berol.—Horae physicae berolinenses collectae ex symbolis virorum doctorum. 1820. Inf. An. Estac. Centr. Agron. Cuba—Informe anual de la Estacién Central Agronémica de Cuba. Vol. 1. 1906. Jahiesb. Nat. Ver. Augsburg—Sce Ber. Nat. Ver. Augsburg. Jour. Acad. Phila. IJ.—Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. Second series. Vols. 1-13. 1847-1908. Jour. Bot.—Journal of botany, British and foreign. Vols. 1-53. 1863-1915. Jour. Bot. & Kew Misc.—Hooker’s Journal of botany and Kew Garden miscellany. Vols. 1-9. 1849-57. ; Jour. Cinc. Soc. Nat. Hist.—Journal of the Cincinnati Society of Natural History. Vols. 1-21. 1878-1914. 458 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VOLUME 9 Jour. de Bot.—Journal de botanique. Vols. 1-22. 1887—‘1909” [1910]. Jour. Linn. Soc.—Journal of the (proceedings of the) Linnean Society. Botany. Vols. 1-42 -—>. 1856-1914 >. Jour. Myc.—Journal of mycology. Vols. 1-14. 1885-1908. Linnaea—Linnaea. Ein Journal fiir die Botanik in ihrem ganzen Umfange. Vols. 1-43. 1826-82. Lond. Jour. Bot.—London journal of botany. Vols. 1-7. 1842-48. Medd. Soc. Faun. Fl. Fenn.—Meddelanden af Societas pro fauna et flora fennica. Vols. 1-39. 1876-1913. Mem. N. Y. State Mus.—Memoirs of the New York State Museum. Vols. 1-3 (nos. 1-4). 1889-1900. Nos. 5-14—. 1903-14. Mem. Torrey Club—Memoirs of the Torrey Botanical Club. Vols. 1-15-—>. 1889-1915—. Michelia—Michelia. Vols. 1-2. 1877-82. Minn. Bot. Stud.— Minnesota botanical studies. Vols. 1-3—>. 1894-1904-. Myc. Bull.—Mycological bulletin. Vols. 1-6. 1903-08. Vol. 1 was entitled “Ohio mycological bulletin.” Vols. 1-5 were paged consecutively; of vol. 6, only 24 pages appeared. Mycologia—Mycologia. Vols. 1-7-9. 1909-15-. Naturalist—Naturalist. Vols. 1-10. 1875-85. 1886-1913-—>. 1886-1913—. Neues Jour. Bot. Schrad.—Neues Journal fiir die Botanik. Herausgegeben vom Professor Schrader. Vols. 1-4. 1805-10. Neues Mag. Bot.—Neues Magazin fiir die Botanik. Vol.1. 1794. Nova Acta Acad. Leop.-Carol.—_Nova acta Academiae caesareae Leopoldino-Carolinae naturae curiosorum. Vols. 1-99—>. 1758-1913-. Nova Acta Soc. Sci. Upsal. III.—Nova acta Regiae societatis scientiarum upsaliensis. Series tertia. Vols. 1-20. 1851-1904. Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital—Nuovo giornale botanico italiano. Vols. 1-25. 1869-93. Oefv. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Férh.—Oefversigt af Kongl. Vetenskaps-Akademiens férhandlingar. Vols. 1-59. 1844-1903. Ohio Myc. Bull.—See Myc. Bull. Proc. Acad. Phila.—Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. Vols. 1-8 (for 1841-56). 1841-57. 1857-1900. 1857-1901. Vols. 53-67—> (for 1901— 15—). 1901-16. Proc. Am. Acad.—Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Vols. 1-50—. 1846-1915 >. Proc. Rochester Acad. Sci.—Proceedings of the Rochester Academy of Science. Vols. 1-4—-. 1890-1911 —. Proc. Trans. Nova Scot. Inst.—Proceedings and transactions of the Nova Scotian Institute of (Natural) Science. Vols. 1-13-—. 1864-1915 >. Rep. Mich. Acad. Sci.—Report of the Michigan Academy of Science. Vols. 1-16—. 1900— “1a T15] 2. Rep. Mo. Bot. Gard.—Missouri Botanical Garden. Annual report. Vols. 1-23. 1890- 1912. Rep. Sec. Agr. U. S.—Report of the Secretary of Agriculture [of the United States]. 1889- 1893. 1889-94. Rev. Myc.—Revue mycologique. Vols. 1-28. 1879-1906. Schr. Nat. Ges. Leipzig—Schriften der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft zu Leipzig. Vol. 1. 1822. Sv. Bot.—Svensk botanik. #1. 1-774. 1802-38. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Handl.—(Kongl.) Vetenskaps-Akademiens handlingar. Vols. 140. 1741- 79. 1813-1854. 1813-56. Between these two series came the ‘‘Nya Handlingar.”’ Sv. Vet.-Akad. Nya Handi.—Kongl. Vetenskaps-Akademiens nya handlingar, Vols. 1-33. 1780-1812. Syll. Pl. Nov.Sylloge plantarum novarum itemque minus cognitarum. Vols. 1-2. 1822-28. Torreya—Torreya. Vols. 1-15—. 1901-15—>. Part 6, 1916] BIBLIOGRAPHY 459 Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. Il.—Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, held at Phila- delphia, for promoting useful knowledge. New series. Vols. 1-21 —. 1818-1908 —>. Trans. Bot. Soc. Edinb.—Transactions (and proceedings) of the Botanical Society (of Edin- burgh). Vols. 1-25—. 1844-1911. Trans. Brit. Myc. Soc.—British Mycological Society. Transactions. Vols. 14—. 1897- 1913->. Trans. Linn. Soc.—Transactions of the Linnean Society (of London). Vols. 1-30. 1791- 1875,. : Verh. Bot. Ver. Prov. Brand.—Verhandlungen des Botanischen Vereins der Provinz Branden- burg. Vols. 1-55—. 1860-1913—. Vidensk. Meddel.—Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra den Naturhistoriske Forening i Kjoben- haven. 1849-1910. 1849-1911. Vols. 63-66 —. 1911-15 >. ; INDEXES INDEX TO FAMILIES AND TRIBES Agaricaceae 163 Agaricanae 237 Agariceae 163, 237 Boletaceae 133 Chantereleae 163 Daedaleae 1, 2 Fomiteae 1, 2 Lactarieae 163, 172 Lepiotanae 237, 297 Pholiotanae 273 Pluteanae 237 Polyporaceae 1 Polyporeae 1 Porieae 1 INDEX TO RECOGNIZED GENERA AND SPECIES Abortiporus 64 distortus (Schw.) Mutrill 64 Amauroderma 115 avellaneum Murrill 116 Chaperi (Pat.) Murrill 116 coffeatum (Berk.) Murrill 116 flaviporum Murrill 116 nutans (Fries) Murrill 116 regulicolor (Cooke) Murrill 116 renatum (Berk.) Murrill 117 subrenatum Murrill 117 Antrodia 82 mollis (Sommerf.) P. Karst. 82 Asterophora 166 clavus (Schaeff.) Murrill 166 Aurantiporellus 70 alboluteus (Ellis & Ev.) Murrill 70 Aurantiporus 71 Pilotae (Schw.) Murrill 72 Bjerkandera 40 adusta (Willd.) P, Karst. 40 albostygia (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 41 fumosa (Pers.) P. Karst. 41 puberula (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 41 subsimulans Murrill 42 terebrans (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 42 Boletellus 156 Ananas (M. A. Curt.) Murrill 156 Boletinellus 158 castanellus (Peck) Murrill 158 merulioides (Schw. )Murrill 158 paluster (Peck) Murrill 158 Boletinus 159 appendiculatus Peck 160 Berkeleyi Murrill 159 cavipes (Opat.) Kalchb. 159 grisellus Peck 159 pictus Peck 160 spectabilis Peck 160 Boletus 154 amabilis Peck 155 Clintonianus Peck 155 luteus L. 155 sphaerosporus Peck 155 Camarophyllus 385 albipes (Peck) Murrill 388 Camarophyllus albo-umbonatus Murrill 390 angustifolius Murrill 386 auratocephalus (Ellis) Murrill 387 basidiosus (Peck) Murrill 389 borealis (Peck) Murrill 385 Burnhami (Peck) Murrill 389 caespitosus Murrill 387 Cantharellus (Schw.) Murrill 388 cremicolor Murrill 389 fulvosus (Bolt.) Murrill 387 nigridius (Peck) Murrill 389 obconicus (Peck) Murrill 386 pallidus (Peck) Murrill 386 Peckianus (Howe) Murrill 389 recurvatus (Peck) Murrill 388 sphaerosporus (Peck) Murrill 386 squamiulosus (Ellis & Ev.) Murrill 388 subrufescens (Peck) Murrill 387 virgineus (Wulfen) Murrill 386 Ceriomyces 136 affinis (Peck) Murrill 142 alabamensis Murrill 146 albellus (Peck) Murrill 138 Atkinsonianus Murrill 144 auriflammeus (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 141 auriporus (Peck) Murrill 140 Betula (Schw.) Murrill 138 bicolor (Peck) Murrill 147 chromapes (Frost) Murrill 139 communis (Bull.) Murrill 150 conicus (Rav.) Murrill 140 crassus Batt. 142 Curtisii (Berk.) Murrill 143 eximius (Peck) Murrill 141 ferruginatus (Batsch) Murrill 143 flaviporus (Earle) Murrill 140 frustuldsus (Peck) Murrill 138 fumosipes (Peck) Murrill 149 griseo-roseus Murrill 139 griseus (Frost) Murrill 138 guadelupensis (Pat.) Murrill 146 hemichrysus (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 141 Housei Murrill 145 illudens (Peck) Murrill 145 inflexus (Peck) Murrill 143 461 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA Ceriomyces Maxoni Mutrill 146 miniato-olivaceus (Frost) Murrill 147 pallidus (Frost) Murrill 147 parasiticus (Bull.) Murrill 141 Peckii (Frost) Murrill 144 retipes (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 146 Roxanae (Frost) Murrill 148 Russellii (Frost) Murrill 137 scabripes (Peck).Murrill 148 sordidus (Frost) Murrill 149 speciosus (Frost) Murrill 144 subglabripes (Peck) Murrill 148 subpallidus Murrill 145 subsanguineus (Peck) Murrill 145 subtomentosus (L.) Murrill 149 tabacinus (Peck) Murrill 144 tomentipes (Earle) Murrill 149 Vanderbiltianus Murrill 140 viscidus (L.) Murrill 139 Cerrena 124 stereoides (Fries) Murrill 124 unicolor (Bull.) Murrill 124 Cerrenella 73 farinacea (Fries) Murrill 74 Ravenelii (Berk.) Murrill 73 subcoriacea Murrill 74 Chanterel 167 alectorolophoides (Schaeff.) Murrill 169 behringensis Berk. & Curt. 167 Chantarellus (L.) Murrill 169 cinnabarinus Schw. 170 floccosus Schw. 168 infundibuliformis (Scop.) Fries 168 mexicanus Fries 171 minor Peck 169 Morgani Peck 170 muscoides (Wulfen) Murrill 170 Petersii Berk. & Curt. 168 pruinosus Peck 167 pulchrifolius Peck 167 rosellus Peck 170 Wrightii Berk. & Curt. 170 Chlorophyllum 172 viride (Pat.) Murrill 172 Clitocybe 396 adirondackensis (Peck) Sacc. 401 albidula Peck 400 albiformis Murrill 412 aperta (Peck) Sacc. 400 atrialba Murrill 415 avellaneialba Mutrrill 414 Broadwayi Murrill 416 brunnescens Murrill 415 candens Murrill 399 catina (Fries) Quél. 402 clavipes (Pers.) Quél. 410 coloradensis Murrill 410 compressipes (Peck) Saec. 408 concava (Scop.) Gill. 409 connexa (Peck) Sacc. 401 euticolor Murrill 413 dealbata (Sow.) Gill. 398 dicolor (Pers.) Murrill 406 Barlei Murriil 410 eccentrica Peck 399 elephantina Murrill 405 farinacea Murrill 401 fellea Peck 404 [VoLUME 9 flavidella (Peck) Sacc. 404 fumosa (Pers.) Quél. 409 fuscipes Peck 400 griseifolia Murrill 415 Harperi Murrill 415 hiemalis Murrill 406 hondensis Murrill 413 incrustata Murrill 416 infundibuliformis (Schaeff.) Quél. 408 inversa (Scop.) Quél, 407 lactariiformis Murrill 409 leptoloma Peck 400 media Peck 410 mexicana Murrill 416 miicrospora Peck 411 multiceps Peck 405 multiformis Peck 405 murinifolia Murrill 414 niveicolor Murrill 415 nobilis Peck 404 oculata Murrill 414 oreades Murrill 414 oregonensis Murrill 412 Overholtsii Murrill 403 parvula Murrill 403 Peckii Murrill 412 peltigerina (Peck) Sacc. 405 phyllophila (Pers.) Quél. 402 phyllophiloides Peck 401 pinophila (Peck) Sacc. 408 pithyophila.(Fries) Gill. 399 pulcherrima Peck 404 pusilla Peck 411 regularis Peck 399 Robinsoniae Murrill 400 robusta Peck .403 rugosipes Murrill 413 sinopica (Fries) P. Karst. 407 stipitata Murrill 412 subbulbipes Murrill 404 subcandicans Murrill 412 subclavipes Murrill 407 subconcava Peck 408 subconnexa Murrill 403 subcyathiformis Peck 401 subdicolor Murrill 411 subditopoda Peck 406 subfumosipes Murrill 411 subhirta Peck 404 subinversa Murrill 413 submarmorea Murrill 403 subnigricans Peck 402 subsquamata Murrill 406 tenebricosa Murrill 402 testaceoflava Murrill 416 trojana Murrill 416 trullisata (Ellis) Sace. 407 truncicola (Peck) Sacc. 398 variabilis Murrill 411 vialis Murrill 413 vilescens (Peck) Sace. 409 violaceifolia Murrill 414 virens (Scop.) Sace. 406 washingtonensis Murrill 411 Whetstoneae Murrill 398 Coltricia 91 cinnarnomea (Jacq.) Murrill 91 focicola (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 92 Memmingeri Murrill 94 Part 7, 1916] Coltricia obesa (Ellis & Ev.) Murrill 93 perennis (L,.) Murrill 92 ae spathulata (Hook.) Murrill 93 tomentosa (Fries) Murrill 93 Coltriciella 91 dependens (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 91 Coriolellus 28 cuneatus Murrill 28 sepium (Berk.) Murrill 28 Sequoiae (Copeland) Murrill 29 serialis (Fries) Murrill 29 Coriolopsis 74 caperata (Berk.) Murrill 77 cirrifer (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 76 crocata (Fries) Murrill 75 fulvocinerea Murrill 76 nigrocinerea Murrill 77 occidentalis (Klotzsch) Murrill 75 rigida (Berk. & Mont.) Murrill 75 subglabrescens Murrill 77 Taylori Murrill 76 vibratilis (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 76 vittata (Ellis & Macbr.) Murrill 76 Coriolus 16 fabietintis (Dicks.) Quél. 27 alabamensis Murrill 19 armenicolor (Berk. & Curt.) Pat. 21 balsameus (Peck) Murrill 21 biformis (Klotzsch) Murrill 26 brachypus (Lév.) Murrill 21 concentricus Murrill 23 cyphelloides (Fries) Murrill 26 delectans Murrill 20 depauperatus (Pat.) Murrill 20 Drummondii (Klotzsch) Pat. 23 ectypus (Berk. & Curt.) Pat. 18 fulvo-umbrinus Murrill 24 haedinus (Berk.) Pat. 22 hexagoniformis Murrill 20 hirsutulus (Schw.) Murrill 18 hondurensis Murrill 22 leiodermus (Mont.) Murrill 23 limitatus (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 20 Lloydii Murrill 23 maximus (Mont.) Murrill 26 membranaceus (Sw.) Pat. 23 nigromarginatus (Schw.) Murrill 24 ochrotinctellus Murrill 22 pallidofulvellus Mutrrill 20 pavonius (Hook.) Murrill 25 pinsitus (Fries) Pat. 24 planellus Murrill 21 prolificans (Fries) Murrill 27 pubescens (Schum.) Murrill 18 scutatus Murrill 25 sector (Ehrenb.) Pat. 19 sericeohirsutus (Klotzsch) Murrill 25 sobrius (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 26 subchartaceus Murrill 24 subectypus Murrill 22 sublilacinus Murrill 25 subluteus (Ellis & Ev.) Murrill 19 substipitatus Murrill 22 versicolor (1,.) Quél. 18 Crepidopus 304 caveatus (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 305 commiscibilis (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 306 connatus (Berk.) Murrill 306 INDEX TO RECOGNIZED NAMES 463 Crepidopus cornucopiae (Paulet) Murrill 305 Eugeniae (Earle) Murrill 305 hemiphlebius (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 305 minutus (Peck) Murrill 304 ostreatus (Jacq.) S. F. Gray 304 serotinus (Schrad.) Murrill 304 Crinipellis 287 alnicola Murrill 288 echinulata Murrill 288 scabella (Alb. & Schw.) Murrill 287 squamifolia Murrill 288 stupparia (Berk. & Curt.) Pat. 288 sublivida Murrill 287 zonata (Peck) Pat. 287 Cryptoporus 94 volvatus (Peck) Shear 94 Cycloporellus 85 iodinus (Mont.) Murrill 85 Cycloporus 131 Greenei (Berk.) Murrill 131 Daedalea 124 Aesculi (Schw.) Murrill 126 amanitoides Beauv. 127 confragosa (Bolt.) Pers. 126 juniperina Murrill 125 quercina (L.) Pers. 125 Sprucei Berk. 125 Dictyolus 165 muscigenus Quél. 165 retirugus (Bull.) Quél. 166 Earliella 44 corrugata (Pers.) Murrill 45 Elfvingia 113 fasciata (Sw.) Murrill 114 fomentaria (L.) Murrill 113 Lionnetii (Rolland) Murrill 115 lobata (Schw.) Murrill 114 megaloma (Lév.) Murrill 114 tornata (Pers.) Murrill 115 Favolus 83 leprosus (Fries) Murrill 83 tenuis (Hook.) Murrill 83 variegatus (Berk.) Murrill 83 Flaviporellus 72 Splitgerberi (Mont.) Murrill 72 Flaviporus 84 crocitinctus (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 84 rufoflavus (Berk. & Curt. )Murrill 384 Fomes 94 annosus (Fries) Cooke 97 Auberianus (Mont.) Murrill 100 Ellisianus F. W. Anderson 98 fraxineus (Bull.) Cooke 96 fraxinophilus (Peck.) Sacc. 98 geotropus Cooke 100 Laricis (Jacq.) Murrill 99 ligneus (Berk.) Cooke 97 Meliae (Underw.) Murrill 100 ohiensis (Berk.) Murrill 96 populinus (Schum.) Cooke 99 roseus (Alb. & Schw.) Cooke 95 rubritinctus Murrill 99 Sagraeanus (Mont.) Murrill 96 scutellatus (Schw.) Cooke 96 subferreus Murrill 97 ungulatus (Schaeff.) Sacc. 98 Fomitella 100 fumoso-avellanea (Romell) Murrill 101 464 Fomitella supina (Sw.) Murrill 101 Fomitiporella 12 altocedronensis Murrill 12 betulina Murrill 12 Demetrionis Murrill 12 floridana Murrill 14 inermis (Ellis & Ev.) Murrili 13 Johnsoniana Murrill 13 Langloisiana Murrill 13 melleopora Murril! 13 umbrinella (Bres.) Murrill 13 Fomitiporia 7 cinchonensis Murrill 10 cubensis Murrill 8 dryophila Murrill 8 Earleae Murrill 9 flavomarginata Murrill 11 jamaicensis Murrill 11 laminata Murrill 11 Langloisii Murrill 9 Lloydii Murrill 10 Maxoni Murrill 11 obliquiformis Murrill 9 ohiensis Murrill 11 pereffusa Murrill 10 prunicola Murrill 9 tropicalis (Cooke) Murrill 8 tsugina Murrill 9 undulata Murrill 10 Funalia 78 aculeifer (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 79 cladotricha (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 78 hispidula (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 78 stuppea (Berk.) Murrill 79 villosa (Sw.) Murrill 78 Fuscoporella 6 coruscans Murrill 7 costaricensis Murrill 7 ludoviciana Murrill 6 mexicana Murrill 7 palmicola (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 6 Shaferi Murrill 7 Fuscoporia 3 earbonaria (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 4 ferruginosa (Schrad.) Murrill 5 fulvida (Ellis & Ev.) Murrill 5 juniperina Murrill 4 marginella (Peck) Murrill 5 nicaraguensis Murrill 6 rufitincta (Cooke) Murrill 5 subiculosa (Peck) Murrill 4 viticola (Schw.) Murrill 4 Galactopus 318 haematopus (Pers.) Earle 319 rugosodiscus (Peck) Murrill 318 sanguinolentus (Alb. & Schw.) Murrill 319 succosus (Peck) Murrill 318 Ganoderma 118 argillaceum Murrill 122 ‘Curtisii (Berk.) Murrill 120 nevadense Murrill 119 nitidum Murrill 123 oregonense Murrill 119 parvulum Murrill 123 perzonatum Murrill 121 polychromum (Copeland) Murrill 119 praelongum Murrill 121 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLumE 9 Ganoderma pulverulentum Murrill 121 Sequoiae Murrill 119 sessile Murrill 120 stipitatum Murrill 122 subfornicatum Murrill 121 subincrustatum Murrill 122 sulcatum Murrill 120 Tsugae Murrill 118 tuberculosum Murrill 123 zonatum Murrill 120 Geopetalum 298 abietinum (Schrad.) Murrill 300 albescens Murrill 299 alliaceum (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 300 angustatum (Berk.) Murrill 300 betulinum (Peck) Murrill 301 Blakei (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 298 candidissimum (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 298 catephes (Berk.) Murrill 302 copulatum (Ehrenb.) Murrill 302 densifolium Murrill 301 flavolanatum (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 302 geophilum Murrill 299 haedinum (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 301 inconspicuum (Massee) Murrill 301 oregonense Murrill 299 petaloides (Bull.) Pat. 300 semicaptum (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 299 semitectum (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 302 septicum (Fries) Murrill 299 subelatinum Murrill 301 subhaedinum Murrill 302 tremelliforme Murrill 302 Globifomes 112 graveolens (Schw.) Murrill 112 Gloeophyllum 128 abietinellum Murrill 129 Berkeleyi (Sacc.) Murrill 130 hirsutum (Schaeff.) Murrill 130 striatum (Sw.) Murrill 129 trabeum (Pers.) Murrill 129 Grifola 68 Berkeleyi (Fries) Murrill 69 fractipes (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 69 frondosa (Dicks.) S. F. Gray 69 poripes (Fries) Murrill 68 ramosissima (Scop.) Murrill 69 Sumstinei Murrili 68 Gymnopus 352 acervatus (Fries) Murrill 362 agricola Murrill 360 albidulus (Pat.) Murrill 370 albipilatus (Peck) Murrill 366 albogriseus (Peck) Murrill 368 albus (Peck) Murrill 355 alcalinolens (Peck) Murrill 367 atratoides (Peck) Murrill 363 atratus (Fries) Murrill 364 avellaneidiscus Murrill 369 avellaneigriseus Murrill 369 badiialbus Murrill 369 Boryanus (Berk. & Mont.) Murrill 370 carnosus (Curt.) Murrill 358 chrysopeplus (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 359 cinchonensis Murrill 372 conigenoides (Ellis) Murrill 356 cremeimelleus Murrill 368 Part 7, 1916] Gymnopus cremoraceus (Peck) Murrill 359 cyanocephalus (Pat.) Murrill 372 delicatellus (Peck) Murrill 354 densifolius Murrill 371 dentatus Murrill 366 denticulatus Murrill 368 detersibilis (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 363 discipes (Clements) Murrill 364 domesticus Murrill 371 dryophilus (Bull.) Murrill 362 Earleae Murrill 364 Eatonae Murrill 356 expallens (Peck) Murrill 363 exsculptus (Fries) Murrill 359 familia (Peck) Murrill 365 farinaceus Murrill 357 fimetarius Murrill 372 flavescens Murrill 357 fuliginellus (Peck) Murrill 366 fulvidiscus Murrill 368 fulvipes Murrill 369 fuscolilacinus (Peck) Murrill 364 Glatfelteri Murrill 358 griseifolius Murrill 370 hygrophoroides (Peck) Murrill 362 ignobilis (P. Karst.) Murrill 364 jamaicensis Murrill 373 lachnophyllus (Berk.) Murrill 360 lentinoides (Peck) Murrill 360 ludovicianus Murrill 355 luxurians (Peck) Murrill 362 marasmiiformis Murrill 371 maurus (Fries) Murrill 363 microspermus (Peck) Murrill 361 microsporus (Peck) Murrill 355 mouticola Murrill 371 musicola Murrill 370 myriadophyllus (Peck) Murrill 363 nigrita (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 373 nigritiformis Murrill 371 nigrodiscus (Peck) Murrill 356 oculatus Murrill 371 oculus (Peck) Murrill 367 orizabensis Murrill 370 pallidus Murrill 355 physcopodius (Mont.) Murrill 358 pilularius (Mont.) Murrill 365 platyphyllus (Pers.) Murrill 367 radicatus (Relhan) Murrill 366 roseilividus Murrill 373 rugosoceps (Atk.) Murrill 360 setilosus Murrill 373 sinuatus Murrill 357 squamiger Murrill 356 strictipes (Peck) Murrill 357 subavellaneus Murrill 372 subflavescens Murrill 373 subflavifolius Murrill 359 sublatericius Murrill 369 subnivulosus Murrill 372 subrugosus Murrill 368 subsulphureus (Peck) Murrill 359 tenuifolius Murrill 358 tenuipes (Schw.) Murrill 361 texensis (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 356 tortipes Murrill 361 trullisatus Murrill 367 tuberosus (Bull.) Murrill 355 INDEX TO RECOGNIZED NAMES 465 Gymnopus umbonatus (Peck) Murrill 369 unakensis Murrill 366 uniformis (Peck) Murrill 365 velutipes (Curt.) Murrill 361 virginianus Murrill 357 Volkertiit Murrill 365 xuchilensis Murrill 373 Gyroporus 133 castaneus (Bull.) Quél. 134 cyanescens (Bull.) Quél. 133 subalbellus Murrill 134 Hapalopilus 80 gilvus (Schw.) Murrill 81 licnoides (Mont.) Murrill 81 rutilans (Pers.) Murrill 80 sublilacinus (Ellis & Ev.) Murrill 80 Heliomyces 247 angustifolius Murrill 249 decolorans Berk. & Curt. 249 foetens Pat. 249 hondurensis Murrill 248 multifolius Murrill 249 Peckii Murrill 248 rubritinctus Murrill 249 striatus Murrill 248 subavellaneus Murrill 248 subspodoides Murrill 248 terrestris Murrill 247 translucens Murrill 247 Hexagona 47 alveolaris (DC.) Murrill 48 brunneola (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 52 caperata (Pat.) Murrill 51 cucullata (Mont.) Murrill 52 daedalea (Link) Murrill 49 floridana Murrill 49 fragilis Murrill 50 hondurensis Murrill 51 indurata (Berk.) Murrill 52 Maxoni Murrill 49 portoricensis Murrill 51 princeps (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 48 pseudoprinceps Murrill 49 purpurascens (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 51 reniformis Murrill 50 ‘striatula (Ellis & Ev.) Murrill 48 subcaperata Murrill 50 subpurpurascens Murrill 51 tessellatula Murrill 50 Hiatula 309 (See p. 425) Benzonii (Fries) Sacc. 310 ciliatula (Fries) Sacc. 309 discreta (Fries) Sacc. 309 minima Berk. 309 purpurascens Berk. & Curt. 310 Hydnoporia 3 fuscescens (Schw.) Murrill 3 Hydrocybe 376 aurantia Murrill 383 bella (Massee) Murrill 384 californica Murrill 382 ceracea (Wulfen) P. Karst. 378 chlorophana (Fries) P. Karst. 378 conica (Scop.) P. Karst. 379 constans Murrill 382 cuspidata (Peck) Murrill 379 Davisii (Peck) Murrill 382 KHarlei Murrill 384 466 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA Lactaria [VoLUME 9 Hydrocybe flammea (Scop.) Murrill 381 flavolutea Murrill 383 hondurensis Murrill 383 immutabilis (Peck) Murrill 382 laeta (Pers.) P. Karst. 380 laricina (Peck) Murrill 380 lurida (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 381 marginata (Peck) Murrill 378 miniata (Scop.) Murrill 380 minutula (Peck) Murrill 380 nitida (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 378 nivea (Scop.) Murrill 377 parvula (Peck) Murrill 378 Peckii (Atk.) Murrill 379 psittacina (Schaeff.) P. Karst. 380 punicea (Fries) P. Karst. 381 pura (Peck) Murrill 377 pusilla (Peck) Murrill 377 rosea Murrill 382 ruber (Peck) Murrill 379 subcaespitosa Murrill 384 subflavida Murrill 383 subminiata Murrill 383 trojana Murrill 383 Hygrophorus 390 flavodiscus Frost & Peck 392 fragrans Murrill 394 glutinosus Peck 392 hypothejus Fries 394 jozzolus (Scop.) Murrill 391 Laurae Morgan 392 montanus Murrill 395 mugnaius (Scop.) Murrill 391 paludosus Peck 393 pudorinus Fries 393 roseibrunneus Murrill 394 serotinus Peck 392 sordidus Peck 391 speciosus Peck 393 subpratensis Murrill 395 subviolaceus Peck 393 variicolor Murrill 394 virgatulus Peck 393 Inonotus 86 amplectens Murrill 89 corrosus Murrill 89 dryadeus (Fries) Murrill 86 dryophilus (Berk.) Murrill 87 fruticum (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 89 fulvomelleus Murrill 87 hirsutus (Scop.) Murrill 86 jamaicensis Murrill 88 juniperinus Murrill 88 perplexus (Peck) Murrill 88 pertenuis Murrill 87 pusillus Murrill 87 radiatus (Sow.) P. Karst. 90 texanus Murrill 88 Wilsonii Murrill 8 Irpiciporus 15 : cubensis (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 15 lacteus (Fries) Murrill 15 ‘mollis (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 15 Ischnoderma 82 fuliginosum (Scop.) Murrill 82 Lactaria 172 affinis Peck 180 agglutinata Burl. 182 alpina Peck 191 aspidea Fries 184 aspideoides Burl. 184 atroviridis Peck 178 Bensleyae Burl. 193 camphorata (Bull.) Fries 198 Chelidonium Peck 186 chrysorhea Fries 188 cilicioides Fries 179 cinerea Peck 190 circellata Fries 181 colorascens Peck 188 corrugis Peck 197 crocea Burl. 185 deceptiva Peck 177 delicata Burl. 185 deliciosa (L..) Fries 186 Gerardii Peck 195 glaucescens Crossl. 176 glyciosma Fries 193 grisea Peck 192 helva Fries 191 Hibbardae Peck 193 hygrophoroides Berk. & Curt. 196 hysgina Fries 181 ichorata (Batsch) Fries 196 indigo (Schw.) Fries 187 insulsa Fries 180 involuta Soppitt 177 isabellina Burl. 199 lactifilua (L.) Burl. 195 lanuginosa Burl. 182 ligniota Fries 194 lividorubescens (Batsch) Burl. 184 luteola Peck 197 maculata Peck 185 minuscula Burl. 189 mucida Burl. 181 rmoutabilis Peck 199 nitida Burl. 189 oculata (Peck) Burl. 189 paludinella Peck 189 parva Peck 190 Peckii Burl. 191 pergamena (Sw.) Fries 176 piperata (L,.) Pers. 176 plinthogala (Otto) Burl. 194 quieta Fries 188 representanea Britz. 183 resima Fries 179 rimosella Peck 198 tufa (Scop.) Fries 192 rufula Peck 192 rusticana (Scop.) Burl. 178 salmonea Peck 195 scrobiculata (Scop.) Fries 179 seriflua (DC.) Fries 199 speciosa Burl. 183 subdulcis (Pers.) Fries 198 subpurpurea Peck 187 subtomentosa Berk. & Rav. 195 subvellerea Peck 177 subvelutina Peck 197 Sumstinei Peck 194 theiogala (Bull.) Fries 187 torminosa (Schaeff.) Pers. 178 trivialis Fries 181 turpis (Weinm.) Fries 183 Part 7, 1916] Lactaria varia Peck 190 vellerea Fries 177 Laetiporus 72 speciosus (Batt.) Murrill 72 Lentinellus 295 cornucopioides (Bolt.) Murrill 295 Lentinula 295 detonsa (Fries) Murrill 295 Lentinus 288 albellus Pat. 291 carneotomentosus (Batsch) Schroet. 289 crinitus (L.) Fries 291 graminicola Murrill 290 hirtiformis Murrill 293 hirtus (Fries) Murrill 293 levis (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 293 orizabensis Murrill 290 pyramidatus Berk. & Curt. 291 scyphoides Pat. 290 strigellus Berk. & Curt. 292 strigosus (Schw.) Fries 292 suavissimus Fries 289 subscyphoides Murrill 290 sulcatus Berk. 291 tubarius Pat. 291 umbilicatus Peck 289 velutinus Fries 292 Lentodiellum 297 concayum (Berk.) Murrill 297 Lentodium 296 squamosum (Schaeff.) Murrill 296 tigrinum (Bull.) Earle 296 Lenzites 127 betulina (L.) Fries 127 betuliniformis Murrill 128 cubensis Berk. & Curt. 128 Earlei Murrill 128 Marasmiellus 243 inconspicuus Murrill 243 juniperinus Murrill 243 purpureus (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 244 Marasmius 250 aciculaeformis Berk. & Curt. 259 albiceps Peck 283 albofuscus Berk. & Curt. 263 alienus Peck 279 alliatus (Schaeff.) Schroet. 281 androsaceus (L,.) Fries 284 archyropus (Pers.) Fries 270 atropurpureus Murrill 262 atroviridis Berk. & Curt. 261 badiceps Peck 279 badius Berk. & Curt. 267 bahamensis Murrill 265 bellipes Morgan 282 bermudensis Berk. 255 Berteroi (Lév.) Murrill 267 biformis Peck 274 calopus (Pers.) Fries 282 capillaris Morgan 283 caricicola C. H. Kauffman 277 caryophylieus (Schaeff.) Schroet. 271 castaneicolor Pennington 274 cervinicolor Murrill 265 chrysochaetes Berk. & Curt. 255 cinereialbus Murrill 264 clitocybiformis P. Henn. 263 colimensis Murrill 261 INDEX TO RECOGNIZED NAMES 467 Marasmius concinnus Ellis & Ev. 281 confluens (Pers.) Ricken 269 contrarius Peck 274 Copelandi Peck 273 coracicola Berk. & Curt. 265 coracipes Berk. & Curt. 268 Crescentiae Murrill 259 cubensis Berk. & Curt. 263 cucullatus Ellis 280 curtipes Murrill 268 cyathiformis Berk. & Curt. 268 delectans Morgan 281 dichrous Berk. & Curt. 272 Earlei Murrill 258 elongatipes Peck 274 fasciatus Pennington 270 felix Morgan 279 fibrosipes Berk. & Curt. 266 filopes Peck 280 flavellus (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 256 foetidus (Sow.) Fries 273 fuscopurpureus (Pers.) Fries 272 glabellus Peck 282 glaucopus (Pat.) Sace. & D. Sacc. 268 glebigenus Fries 258 graminis Murrill 259 graminum (Libert) Berk. & Br. 283 guyanensis Mont. 256 haematocephalus (Mont.) Berk, & Curt. 267 Harrisii Murrill 264 hemileucus (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 266 hinnuleiformis Murrill 263 hinnuleus Berk. & Curt. 259 Hiorami Murrill 256 hondurensis Murrill 258 inaequalis Berk. & Curt. 256 insititius Fries 278 iocephalus (Berk. & Curt.) Pennington 271 ionides Pat. 268 jalapensis Murrill 264 jamaicensis Murrill 261 Jobnstonii Murrill 269 languidus (Lasch) Fries 276 leptopus Peck 279 magnisporus Murrill 275 Marbleae Murrill 255 melanopus Morgan 284 minutissimus Peck 280 minutus Peck 280 montanus Murrill 266 multifolius Peck 270 musicola Murrill 260 nanus Massee 256 nigripes (Schw.) Fries 277 niveicolor Murrill 257 obsoletus Murrill 265 Olneii Berk. & Curt. 280 opacus Berk. & Curt. 278 pallescens Murrill 261 papillatus Peck 276 paucifolius Murrill 262 Peckii Murrill 254 perforans (Hoffm.) Fries 277 peronatus (Bolt.) Fries 271 personatus Berk. & Curt. 259 petiolorum Berk. & Curt. 255 468 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 Marasmius phyllophilus Peck 278 picipes Murrill 260 plicatulus Peck 282 polyphyllus Peck 269 polyporoides Murrill 266 portoricensis Murrill 262 praeacutus Ellis 277 praedecurrens Murrill 257 praetortipes Murrill 258 prasiosmus Fries 269 proletarius Berk. & Curt. 256 pruinosifolius Murrill 265 pruinosulus Murrill 258 pulcherripes Peck 284 purpurascens Berk. & Curt. 267 putredinis Berk. & Curt. 265 pyrinus Ellis 281 ramealis (Bull.) Fries 279 ramulinus Peck 278 resinosus (Peck) Sacc. 276 rotula (Scop.) Fries 282 rubrophyllus Pennington 271 rugulosus Berk. & Curt. 260 salignus Peck 276 semibirtipes Peck 274 sericipes Berk. & Curt. 268 setulosipes Murrill 257 siccus (Schw.) Fries 283 soliformis Murrill 261 spongiosus Berk. & Curt. 272 squamula (Batsch) Pennington 277 stenophyllus Mont. 262 straminipes Peck 283 stylobates Berk. & Curt. 257 subcyathiformis Murrill 269 subglobosus Berk. & Curt. 256 subnudus (Ellis) Peck 271 subpilosus Peck 275 subplexifolius Murrill 263 subpruinosus Murrill 266 subrotula Murrill 259 subtenerrimus Murrill 255 subtomentosus Peck 275 sulcatipes Murrill 259 Sutliffae Peck 273 synodicus (Kunze) Fries 257 tageticolor Berk. 267 tenebrarum Berk. & Curt. 260 theobromicola Murrill 255 thujinus Peck 281 tomentosipes Peck 278 tortipes Berk. & Curt. 264 trojanus Murrill 263 trullisatipes Peck 273 tumbonatus Peck 273 Underwoodii Murrill 260 velutipes Berk. & Curt. 275 vialis Peck 276 viridifuscus Berk. & Curt. 264 washingtonensis Pennington 270 Wilsonii Murrill 261 Melanoporella 14 carbonacea (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 14 Melanoporia 14 nigra (Berk.) Murrill 15 Micromphale 307 abscondens (Peck) Murrill 307 badium Murrill 308 Micromphale brunnescens Earle 308 elongatipes (Peck) Murrill 307 fulvifibrillosum Murrill 307 fuscifrons (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 308 subexcavatum Murrili 308 ulmarium (Bull.) Murrill 307 Microporellus 52 dealbatus (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 53 holotephrus (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 53 porphyritis (Berk.) Murrill 53 unguicularis (Fries) Murrill 53 Monadelphus 420 caespitosus (Berk.) Murrill 420 itludens (Schw.) Earle 421 marginatus (Peck) Murrill 421 revolutus (Peck) Murrill 420 sphaerosporus (Peck) Murrill 421 Nigrofomes 112 melanoporus (Mont.) Murrill 112 Nigroporus 85 vinosus (Berk.) Murrill 85 Omphalina 344 acuminata Murrill 349 buccinalis (Batsch) Murrill 345 chondripes (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 350 chrysophylla (Fries) Murrill 346 coccinea Murrill 350 collybiiformis Murrill 349 cremea Murrill 350 cuspidatella Murrill 349 Dawsonii Murrill 345° Earlei Murrill 350 epichysium (Pers.) Quél. 347 eximia (Peck) Murrill 345 flavella (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 349 hypobrunnea Murrill 348 incarnata Murrill 351 jalapensis Murrill 349 lenta Murrill 349 lilacifolia (Peck) Murrill 346 luteicolor Murrill 348 miniata Murrill 350 niveicolor Murrill 348 rustica (Fries) Quél. 347 Sequoiarum Murrill 347 strombodes (Berk. & Mont.) Murrill 346 subcartilaginea Murrill 345 subclavata (Peck) Murrill 347 subhepatica (Batsch) Murrill 346 subscyphoides Murrill 348 tepeitensis Murrill 348 umbellifera (L.) Quél. 345 Volkertii Murrill 347 Omphalopsis 310 albidula (Peck) Murrill 312 aurantiaca (Peck) Murrill 315 Austini (Peck) Murrill 312 Bakeri Murrill 315 californiensis Murrill 315 campanella (Batsch) Earle 313 centenaria (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 312 citricoloy (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 316 clavata (Peck) Murrill 313 convexa Murrill 316 corticola (Peck) Murrill 312 cuticolor Murrill 317 distantifolia Murrill 315 euspeirea (Berk, & Curt.) Murrill 316 Part 7, 1916] Omphalopsis fibula (Bull.) Murrill 314 fibuloides (Peck) Murrill 313 immaculata (Peck) Murrill 312 McMurphyi Murrill 315 myceniformis Murrill 316 olivaria (Peck) Murrill 314 papillata (Peck) Murrill 311 petasiformis Murrill 316 . praedecurrens Murrill 314 pseudogrisea Murrill 314 pusillissima (Peck) Murrill 311 Rhododendri (Peck) Murrill 311 roriduliformis Murrill 317 serotina (Peck) Murrill 314 subavellanea Murrill 317 subimmaculata Murrill 315 translucentipes Murrill 312 turbinata Murrill 313 Panellus 244 cantharelloides Mont. 245 dealbatus (Berk.) Murrill 245 eugrammus (Mont.) Murrill 245 flabellatus Murrill 245 haematopus (Berk.) Mutrrill 246 jalapensis Murrill 244 stypticus (Bull.) P. Karst. 244 subcantharelloides Murrill 245 ursinus (Fries) Murrill 246 vulpinus (Sow.) Murrill 246 Phaeolopsis 73 Verae-Crucis (Berk.) Murrill 73 Phaeolus 90 sistotremoides (Alb. & Schw.) Murrill 90 Piptoporus 44 suberosus (L,.) Murrill 44 Pleurotopsis 238 arachnoidea (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 238 asperifolia (Pat.) Murrili 239 calospora (Pat.) Murrill 238 liliputiana (Mont.) Murrill 239 niduliformis Murrill 238 Plicatura 163 faginea (Schrad.) P. Karst. 164 flabelliformis (Berk. & Rav.) Murrill 164 guadelupensis (Pat.) Murrill 164 lateritia (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 164 nivea (Fries) P. Karst. 163 Plicaturella 172 - olivacea (Schw.) Murrill 172 Pogonomyces 84 hydnoides (Sw.) Murrill 84 Polymarasmius 286 multiceps (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 286 sarmentosus (Berk.) Murrill 286 submulticeps Murrill 286 Polyozellus 171 multiplex (Underw.) Murrill 171 Polyporus 54 acicula Berk. & Curt. 57 admirabilis Peck 57 aemulans Berk. & Curt. 59 albiceps Peck 58 arcuwlariellus Murrill 59 arculariformis Murrill 59 arcularius (Batsch) Fries 59 Blanchetianus Berk. & Mont. 63 caudicinus (Scop.) Murrill 60 columbiensis Berk. 58 INDEX TO RECOGNIZED NAMES 469 Polyporus Cowellii Murrill 60 craterellus Berk. & Curt. 57 delicatus Berk. & Curt. 56 diabolicus Berk. 62 dibaphus Berk. & Curt. 56 discoideus Berk. & Curt. 57 elegans (Bull.) Fries 62 fagicola Murrill 55 fissus Berk. 62 humilis Peck 58 hydniceps Berk. & Curt. 55 maculosus Murrill 61 marasmioides (Pat.) Murrill 61 obolus Ellis & Macbr. 58 phaeoxanthus Berk. & Mont. 58 Polyporus (Retz.) Murrill 56 scabellus (Pat.) Murrill 63 scabriceps Berk. & Curt. 56 subelegans Murrill 62 Tricholoma Mont. 60 tuba Berk. & Curt. 57 Underwoodii Murrill 61 variiporus Murrill 60 virgatus Berk. & Curt. 56 Wrightii Murrill 61 Porodaedalea 111 Pini (Thore) Murrill 111 Porodisculus 47 pendulus (Schw.) Murrill 47 Poronidulus 16 conchifer (Schw.) Murrill 16 Prunulus 319 Abramsii Murrill 338 acutoconicus (Clements) Murrill 330 adirondackensis Murrill 332 albogriseus (Peck) Murrill 327 alcaliniformis Murrill 331 alphitophorus (Berk.) Murrill 339 amabillissimus (Peck) Murrill 324 argillaceus Murrill 341 atribrunneus Murrill 329 atridiscus Murrill 334 atroalboides (Peck) Murrill 329 atroumbonatus (Peck) Murrill 335 aurantiacus Murrill 336 aurantiidiscus Murrill 336 avellaneigriseus Murrill 340 avellaneus Murrill 329 brevipes Murrill 328 caesiialbus Murrill 337 caesius (Peck) Murrill 327 capillaripes (Peck) Murrill 328 carbonicola Murrill 341 cervinialbus Murrill 326 cinchonensis Murrill 341 cinereiavellaneus Murrill 340 clavicularis (Fries) Murrill 330 collybiiformis Murrill 335 connatipes (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 326 constans (Peck) Murrill 327 corrugatus (Pat.) Murrill 342 corticalis (Bull.) Murrill 328 erystallinus (Peck) Murrill 322 curvipes (Peck) Murrill 329 cyaneobasis (Peck) Murrill 323 cymbaliferus (Mont.) Murrill 331 delectabilis (Peck) Murrill 323 denticulatus (Bolt.) S. F. Gray 332 470 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA Prunulus elegantulus (Peck) Murrill 337 epipterygius (Scop.) Murrill 335~ farinaceus Murrill 326 flavicitrinus Murrill 336 flavifolius (Peck) Murrill 324 _ fuliginosus Murrill 335 fumosiavellaneus Murrill 340 fusipes Murrill 337 galericulatus (Scop.) Murrill 336 gracillipes Murrill 340 Grantii Murrill 338 hemisphaericus (Peck) Murrill 329 intertextus (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 328 latericius Murrill 342 latifolius (Peck) Murrill 327 Leaianus (Berk.) Murrill 333 lepiotiformis Murrill 322 leptophyllus (Peck) Murrill 325 leucophaeus Murrill 336 ligniarius (Peck) Murrill 333 longipes Murrill 338 ludovicianus Murrill 330 Iuteopallens (Peck) Murrill 325 magnus Murrill 338 margarita Murrill 340 meliigena (Berk. & Cooke) Murrill 324 melleidiscus Murrill 325 minutissimus Murrill 326 miratus (Peck) Murrill 327 murinus Murrill 331 myceliosus Murrill 338 Myrciae (Pat.) Murrill 339 niveipes Murrill 332 occidentalis Murrill 337 ochraceicinereus Murrill 333 odorifer (Peck) Murrill 324 paludicola Murrill 336 paluster (Peck) Murrill 331 parvulus Murrill 323 pectinatus Murrill 333 plumbeibrunneus Murrill 338 praelongus (Peck) Murrill 330 pubescens Murrill 341 pulcherrimus (Peck) Murrill 326 purpureofuscus (Peck) Murrill 333 purus (Pers.) Murrill 332 radicatellus (Peck) Murrill 323 roridulus (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 339 roseipallens Murrill 324 roseocandidus (Peck) Murrill 323 roseolus Murrill 324 rugosoides (Peck) Murrill 334 rutilantiformis Murrill 334 Sabali Murrill 325 scabripes Murrill 331 semivestipes (Peck) Murrill 334 splendidipes (Peck) Murrill 330 strobilinoides (Peck) Murrill 337 subfumosus Murrill 328 subincarnatus (Peck) Murrill 325 subpulverulentus Murrill 339 subtenuipes Murrill 334 syringeus Murrill 341 tenerrimus (Berk.) Murrill 322 tenuiculus Murrill 334 testaceus Murrill 341 trojanus Murrill 339 vexaus (Peck) Murrill 329 Prunulus viridigriseus Murrill 340 vulgaris (Pers.) Murrill 326 Pulveroboletus 156 Ravenelii (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 157 Pycnoporellus 70 fibrillosus (P. Karst.) Murrill 70 Pycnoporus 71 cinnabarinus (Jacq.) P. Karst. 71 sanguineus (L.) Murrill 71 Pyropolyporus 101 Baccharidis (Pat.) Murrill 108 Bakeri Murrill 104 calcitratus (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 110 Calkinsii Murrill 105 Cedrelae Murrill 105 conchatus (Pers.) Murrill 108 dependens Murrill 106 Earlei Murrill 107 Everhartii (Ellis & Gall.) Murrill 103 extensus (Lév.) Murrill 110 fulvus (Scop.) Murrill 103 grenadensis Murrill 107 Haematoxyli Murrill 111 igniarius (L.) Murrill 103 inflexibilis (Berk.) Murrill 104 jamaicensis Murrill 107 juniperinus (Schrenk) Murrill 106 Langloisii Murrill 109 linteus (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 109 praerimosus Murrill 105 pseudosenex Murrill 107 Ribis (Schum.) Murrill 108 Robiniae Murrill 105 Robinsoniae Murrill 108 roseocinereus Murrill 104 sarcitus (Fries) Murrill 110 sublinteus Murrill 110 subpectinatus Murrill 109 texanus Murrill 104 Underwoodii Murrill 106 yucatanensis Murrill 106 Resupinatus 240 applicatus (Batsch) S. F. Gray 242 approximans (Peck) Murrill 241 atrocoeruleus (Fries) Murrill 240 atropellitus (Peck) Murrill 243 campanulatus (Peck) Murrill 241 cubensis Murrill 240 griseus (Peck) Murrill 240 niger (Schw.) Murrill 242 orizabensis Murrill 241 striatulus (Pers.) Murrill 242 subbarbatulus Murrill 241 subbarbatus (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 242 violaceofulvens (Batsch) Murrill 241 Rigidoporus 45 contrarius (Cooke) Murrill 46 evolutus (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 45 Liebmanni (Fries) Murrill 46 microstomus (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 45 substereinus Murrill 46 surinamensis (Miq.) Murrill 46 Rostkovites 153 granulatus (L.) P. Karst. 153 hirtellus (Peck) Murrill 154 subaureus (Peck) Murrill 154 Russula 201 abietina Peck 231 [VoLuME 9 Part 7, 1916] INDEX TO RECOGNIZED NAMES Russula aeruginea Lindblad 223 albella Peck 233 albida Peck 224 albidula Peck 216 alutacea (Pers.) Fries 231 anomala Peck 219 astringens Burl. 227 atropurpurea Peck 212 atroviolacea Burl. 220 aurantialutea C. H. Kauffman 220 Ballouii Peck 212 basifurcata Peck 216 betulina Burl. 227 bicolor Burl. 234 bifida (Bull.) Schroet. 215 Blackfordae Peck 230 blanda Burl. 213 borealis C. H. Kauffman 220 brunneola Burl. 233 chamaeleontina Fries 231 compacta Frost & Peck 205 consobrina Fries 217 corallina Burl. 213 corinthiirubra Burl. 220 cremoricolor Earle 208 crenulata Burl. 235 crustosa Peck 209 cyanoxantha (Schaeff.) Fries 217 decolorans Fries 225 delica Fries 207 densifolia (Secr.) Gill. 206 Earlei Peck 217 eccentrica Peck 207 emetica (Schaeff.) Pers. 234 expallens Gill. 221 fallax Fries 235 fingibilis Britz. 224 flava Lonnegren 226 flaviceps Peck 225 flavida Frost & Peck 211 flocculosa Burl. 213 foetens (Pers.) Fries 214 fulvescens Burl. 229° glauca Burl. 222 gracilis Burl. 222 graminicolor Quél. 223 granulata Peck 214 heterophylla Fries 216 humidicola Burl. 230 insignis Burl. 212 integra (L.) Fries 228 lactea (Pers.) Fries 209 lepida Fries 208 lutea (Huds.) Fries 224 luteohasis Peck 227 magnifica Peck 205 -Mariae Peck 210 maxima Burl. 229 melliolens Quél. 228 mexicana Burl. 222 modesta Peck 210 Morgani Sacc. 208 Murrillii Burl. 211 mustelina Fries 208 nauseosa (Pers.) Fries 232 nigrescentipes Peck 226 nigricans (Bull.) Fries 206 nigrodisca Peck 235 Russula obscura Romell 225 ochroleuca Pers. 218 ochrophylla Peck 228 palustris Peck 222 parvula Burl. 235 paxilloides Earle 218 pectinata Fries 213 pectinatoides Peck 214 polyphylla Peck 207 puellaris Fries 230 pulverulenta Peck 215 purpurina Quél. 232 pusilla Peck 229 Queletii Fries 218 Raoultii Quél. 218 Robinsoniae Burl. 221 roseipes (Secr.) Bres. 227 rubescens Beardslee 226 rubriochracea Murrill 211 rubrotincta (Peck) Burl. 229 rugulosa Peck 234 sanguinea (Bull.) Fries 221 sericeonitens C. H. Kauffman 233 serissima Peck 212 simillima Peck 219 sordida Peck 206 sphagnophila C. H. Kauffman 230 stricta Murrill 224 subalutacea Burl. 227 subdepallens Peck 226 subfragilis Burl. 233 subolivascens Burl. 223 subsordida Peck 206 subusta Burl. 207 subvelutina Peck 210 sulcatipes Murrill 225 tenuiceps C. H. Kauffman 219 Turci Bres. 232 uncialis Peck 232 variata Banning & Peck 216 ventricosipes Peck 215 veternosa Fries 219 vinacea Burl. 217 virescens (Schaeff.) Fries 209 viridella Peck 210 xerampelina (Schaeff.) Fries 208 Schizophyllus 237 alneus (L.) Schroet. 237 Scutiger 64 caeruleoporus (Peck) Murrill 66 cryptopus (Ellis & Barth.) Murrill 65 decurrens (Underw.) Murrill 65 Ellisii (Berk.) Murrill 64 griseus (Peck) Murrill 67 holocyaneus (Atk.) Murrill 66 laeticolor Murrill 65 persicinus (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 67 radicatus (Schw.) Murrill 66 retipes (Underw.) Murrill 65 subradicatus Murrill 66 Whiteae Murrill 67 Scytinotus 239 concolor (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 239 distantifolius Murrill 239 haematodes (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 239 Spongipellis 37 . borealis (Fries) Pat. 38 delectans (Peck) Murrill 38 471 472 Spongipellis fissilis (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 39 galactinus (Berk.) Pat. 39 hydrophilus (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 39 luridescens Murrill 39 occidentalis Murrill 38 substuppeus (Berk. & Cooke) Murrill 40 unicolor (Schw.) Murrill 37 Spongiporus 29 altocedronensis Murrill 30 leucospongia (Cooke & Hark.) Murrill 29 Strobilomyces 157 strobilaceus (Scop.) Berk. 157 Suillellus 151 Eastwoodiae Murrill 152 Frostii (Russell) Murrill 152 Juridus (Schaeff.) Murrill 151 Morrisii (Peck) Murrill 153 rubinellus (Peck) Murrill 152 Tectella 247 patellaris (Fries) Murrill 247 Tinctoporia 14 aurantiotingens (Ellis & Macbr.) Mur- rill 14 Tomophagus 30 colossus (Fries) Murrill 30 Trametes 42 cubensis (Mont.) Sacc. 43 havannensis (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 44 lignea Murrill 44 nivosa (Berk.) Murrill 42 robiniophila Murrill 42 suaveolens (L.) Fries 43 submurina Murrill 43 subnivosa Murrill 43 Trichaptum 79 trichomallum (Berk. & Mont.) Murrill 79 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VOLUME 9 Trogia 166 cinerea Pat. 166 Tylopilug 134 alboater (Schw.) Murrill 135 felleus (Bull.) P. Karst. 134 gracilis (Peck) P. Henn. 135 indecisus (Peck) Murrill 135 Tyromyces 30 albogilvus (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 36 anceps (Peck) Murrill 35 Bartholomaei (Peck) Murrill 35 caesius (Schrad.) Murrill 34 Calkinsii Murrill 32 cerifluus (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 33 chioneus (Fries) P. Karst. 35 crispellus (Peck) Murrill 34 duracinus (Pat.) Murrill 37 Ellisianus Murrill 34 fulvitinctus (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 36 guttulatus (Peck) Murrill 31 lacteus (Fries) Murrill 36 leucomallus (Berk. & Curt. )Murrill 36 nivosellus Murrill 32 obductus (Berk.) Murrill 32 Palmarum Murrill 32 : palustris (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 31 semipileatus (Peck) Murrill 35 semisupinus (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 34 Smallii Murrill 32 Spraguei (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 33 tiliophila Murrill 33 undosus (Peck) Murrill 34 versicutis (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill 33 Xerotinus 165 martinicensis (Pat.) Murrill 165 Mauryi (Pat.) Murrill 165 INDEX TO SPECIES The specific name is made to correspond in gender with the first generic name under it, and the correct gender is understood for other generic names. Page numbers indicating place of de- scription are in bold face type, and those indicating synonymy are in italic, while those in ordinary type refer to keys and incidental mention. abietinelium Gloeophyllum 129, 129 abietinus : Agaricus 300 Boletus 27 Coriolus 18, 27, 28 Geopetalum 298, 300 Russula 204, 231 Abietis Fores 111 abortivus Polyporus 64 Abramsii Prunulus 321, 338 abscondens Agaricus 307 Micromphale 307, 307, 308 Pleurotus 307 abundans Agaricus 367 Collybia 367 acerinus Marasmius 273 acervatus Agaricus 362 Collybia 362 Gymnopus 353, 362 acicula Agaricus 342 Mycena 342 Polyporus 54, 57 aciculaeformis Marasmius 251, 259 acidus Boletus 155 acris Agaricus 176 Lactaria 200 actinobolus Polystictus 23 aculeatus Marasmius 376 Part 7, 1916] aculeifer Funalia 78, 79 Trametes 79 acuminata Omphalina 344, 349 acutoconica . Mycena 330 Prunulus 320, 330 adirondackensis Agaricus 401 Clitocybe 396, 401, 417 Prunulus 321, 332 admirabilis Polyporus 54, 57 Adonis Agaricus 342 Mycena 342 adustus Agaricus 206, 207, 207 Bjerkandera 40, 40 Boletus 40 Myriadoporus 40 Polyporus 40, 40 Russula 207 aegerita Polyporus 100 aemulans Polyporus 54, 59 aeruginascens Boletus 156 aeruginea Lactaria 200 Russula 203, 223 Aesculi Agaricus 126 Daedalea 125, 126 Polyporus 126 Aesculi-flavae Boletus 126 afer Xerotus 165 affinis Boletus 142 Ceriomyces 136, 142 Lactaria 174, 180, 200 agaricina Onygena 166 agaricoides Asterosperma 166 agglutinata Lactaria 174, 182 agricola Gymnopus 353, 360 alabamensis Ceriomyces 137, 146 Coriolus 17, 19 albellus Boletus 138 Ceriomyces 136, 138 Lentinus 289, 291 Polyporus 35 Russula 205, 233 albescens Geopetalum 298, 299 albicastanea Clitocybe 391 albiceps Marasmius 254, 283 Polyporus 54, 58 INDEX TO SPECIES albida Lactaria 200 Russula 204, 224 albidula Clitocybe 396, 400 Collybia 370 Gymnopus 354, 370 Omphalia 312 Omphalopsis 310, 312 Russula 203, 216 albidus Boletus 34 Daedalea 126 albiformis Clitocybe 397, 412 albipes Camarophyllus 385, 388 Hygrophorus 388 albipilata Collybia 366 Gymnopus 353, 366, 375 albissima Melanoleuca 417, 418, 419 alboater Boletus 135 Tylopilus 134, 135 albo-cervinus Coriolus 21 Polyporus 21 alboflavus Agaricus 346 Omphalia 346 albofuscus Marasmius 251, 263 albogilvus Polyporus 36 Tyromyces 31, 36 albogrisea Collybia 368 Fomes 99 Gymnopus 353, 368 Mycena 327 Prunulus 320, 327 alboluteus Aurantiporellus 70 Fomes 70 Polyporus 70, 70 albomarginatus Marasmius 284 albostygia Bjerkandera 40, 41 Polyporus 41 albo-umbilicatus Agaricus 399 Clitocybe 399 albo-umbonatus Camarophyllus 385, 390 Hydrocybe 390 Hygrophorus 390 albus Boletus 153 Collybia 355 Geopetalum 245 Gymnopus 352, 355 Hypophyllum 207 alcaliniformis Prunulus 319, 320, 331, 342 alcalinolens Collybia 367 473 474 alealinolens Gymnopus 353, 367 alcalinus Agaricus 342 Mycena 342 alectorolophoides Agaricus 169 Chanterel 167, 169 algidus ; Agaricus 243 alienus Marasmius 253, 279 alliaceum Geopetalum 298, 300 Marasmius 284 Panus 300, 303 alliatus Agaricus 281 Marasmius 254, 281 alneus Agaricus 237, 237 Hyponevris 237 Schizophyllus 237 Alni Plicatura 163, 163 Trogia 163 alnicola Crinipellis 287, 288 alphitophorus Agar cus 339 Mycena 339 Prunulus 322, 339 alphitophylla Armillaria 390 alpina Lactaria 175, 191 altocedronensis Fomitiporelia 12, 12 alutaceus : Agaricus 23 Boletus 149 Russula 204, 231 Russulina 231 alveolaris Cantharellus 48 Favolus 48 Hexagona 47, 48 Merulius 48 alveolarius Boletus 63 Polyporus 63 alveolatus Boletus 152 amabilipes Marasmius 361 amabilis Boletus 154, 155 amabillissimus Agaricus 324 Mycena 324 Prunulus 320, 321, 324, 342 amadelphus ‘Marasmius 284 amanitoides Daedalea, 125, 127 amarus Agaricus 176 ambigua Daedalea-126 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA ambigua Trametes 126 americanus Boletus 154 Lentinus 289 amictus Agaricus 342 Mycena 342 amoena Russula 235, 236 amplectens Inonotus 86, 89 ampliporus Boletus 159 amygdalinus Hygrophorus 394 Polyporus 63 Ananas Boletellus 156 Boletus 156, 156 anax Polyporus 69 anceps Polyporus 35 Tyromyces 31, 35 androsaceus Agaricus 282, 284 Marasmius 254, 284, 250 angustatum Geopetalum 298, 300 Panus 300 angustifolius Camarophyllus 385, 386 Heliomyces 247, 249 angustissimus Agaricus 417 Clitocybe 447 anisarius Agaricus 406 anisatus _Lentinus 246 annosus Fomes 95, 97 Fomitopsis 97 Heterobasidium 97 Polyporus 97 anunulatus Boletus 155 anomalus Agaricus 300 Marasmius 270, 270 Russula 203, 218, 219 anthiceps Agaricus 316 apertus Agaricus 400 Clitocybe 396, 400 aplorutis Chanterel 166 appendiculatus Boletinus 159, 160 applanata Daedalea 127 Fomes 113 Lenzites 127 Panus 245 applicatus Agaricus 240, 242 Pleurotus 242 ([VoLUME 9 Part 7, 1916] applicatus Resupinatus 240, 242, 243 approximans Pleurotus 241 Resupinatus 240, 241, 243 aquatica Clitocybe 421 aquifiua Lactaria 191 arachnoideus Marasmius 238 Pleurotopsis 238, 238 archyropus Agaricus 270 Marasmius 252, 270 arcticus Polyporus 28 arculariellus Polyporus 55, 59 arculariformis Polyporus 55, 59 arcularius Boletus 59 Polyporus 55, 59 arenicola Hydrocybe 394 arenicolor . Coriolus 25 Polyporus 25 argentatus Polyporus 71 argillaceum Ganoderma 118, 122 Prunulus 322, 341 armenicolor Coriolus 17, 21 Polyporus 21 asema Collybia 374, 375 asperifolia Crinipellis 239 Pleurotopsis 238, 239 aspideoides Lactaria 174, 184 aspideus Agaricus 184 Lactaria 174, 184 asterophora Nyctalis 166 astringens Russula 204, 227 Atkinsoni Boletus 142 Atkinsonianus Ceriomyces 136, 144 atratoides Agaricus 363 Collybia 363 Gymnopus 353, 363 atratus Agaricus 364 Collybia 364 Gymnopus 353, 364 Polyporus 63 atrialba Clitocybe 398, 415 atribrunneus Prunulus 320, 329 atridiscus Prunulus 321, 334 INDEX TO SPECIES atroalboides Agaricus 329 Mycena 329 Prunulus 320, 329 atrocoeruleus Agaricus 240 Pleurotus 240 Resupinatus 240, 240, 243 atropellitus Pleurotus 243 Resupinatus 240, 243 atropurpureus Marasmius 251, 262 Russula 202, 212 atroumbonata Mycena 335 Prunulus 321, 335 atroviolacea _ Russula 203, 220 atroviridis Lactaria 174, 178 Marasmius 251, 261 Auberianus Fomes 95, 100, 100 Polyporus 100 aurantiaco-luteus Hygrophorus 384 aurantiacus Agaricus 169 Boletus 139 Chanterel 169 Leccinum 139 Omphalia 315 Omphalopsis 311, 315 Polyporus 423 Prunulus 321, 336 aurantialutea * Russula 203, 220 aurantiellus Agaricus 361 aurantiidiscus Prunulus 321, 336 aurantiotingens Tinctoporia 14, 14 aurantius Hydrocybe 377, 383 Hygrophorus 383 aurata Russula 235 auratocephalus Agaricus 387, 417 Camarophyllus 385, 387, 390, 417 atuireomarginatus Polyporus 81 aureo-nitens Polyporus 90 aureotomentosus Pleurotus 376 auriflammews Boletus 141 Ceriomyces 136, 141 auripes Boletus 142 atiriporus Boletus 140 Ceriomyces 136, 140 Austini Agaricus 312 Omphalia 312 Omphalopsis 310, 312 475 476 australis Fomes 115 Ganoderma 115 Polyporus 115 avellaneialba Clitocybe 398, 414 avellaneidiscus Gymnopus 354, 369 avellaneigriseus Gymnopus 354, 369 Prunulus 322, 340 avellaneus Amauroderma 115, 116 Prunulus 320, 329 azonites Agaricus 194, 194 Lactariella 194 azureus Polystictus 18 Baccharidis Polyporus 108 Pyropolyporus 102, 108 badiceps Boletus 150 Marasmius 254, 279 badiialbus Gymnopus 354, 369 badius Marasmius 252, 267, 279, 279 Micromphale 307, 308 Polyporus 111 bahamensis Marasmius 251, 265 Bakeri Boletus 150 Omphalopsis 311, 315 Pyropolyporus 102, 104 Ballouii Russula 202, 212 balsameus Coriolus 17, 21 Polyporus 21 barbatulus Agaricus 240 Polystictus 25 Bartholomaei Polyporus 35 Tyromyces 31, 35 basidiosus Camarophyllus 385, 389 Clitocybe 389 Hygrophorus 389 basifurcata Russula 203, 216 Beatiei Polyporus 69 behringensis Agaricus 317 Chanterel 167, 167 Omphalia 317 bella Hydrocybe 377, 384 Hygrophorus 384 beilipes Marasmius 254, 282 Bensleyae Lactaria 175, 193 benzoina Trametes 82 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA Benzonii Agaricus 310 Hiatula 425 Leptomyces 309, 310 Berkeleyi Boletinus 159, 159 Daedalea 130 Gloeophyllum 129, 130 Grifola 68, 69 Lenzites 127 Polyporus 69 Sesia 130 Trametes 126 bermudensis Marasmius 250, 255 Berteroi Heliomyces 267 Marasmius 251, 267, 284 Bertieri Agaricus 291 Betula Boletus 138 Ceriomyces 136, 138 betuliniformis Lenzites 127, 128 betulinus Agaricus 127 Boletus 44 Daedalea 127, 127 Fomitiporella 12, 12 Geopetalum 298, 301 Lenzites 127, 127 Panus 301 Piptoporus 44 Russula 204, 227 bicolor Boletus 147 Ceriomyces 137, 147 Lenzites 126 Russula 205, 234 Trametes 45 bifidus Agaricus 215 Russula 203, 215 biformis Clitocybe 408 Coriolus 18, 26, 27, 28 Marasmius 253, 274 Polyporus 26 bivalvis Polyporus &3 Blackfordae Russula 204, 230 Blakei Agaricus 298 Geopetalum 298, 298 Pleurotus 298 Blanchetianus Polyporus 55, 63, 63 blanda Russula 202, 213 blepharodes Lentinus 292 boletiformis Agaricus 130 bombycirhiza Marasmius 285 bomfimensis Fomes 53 [VoLrumE 9 Part 7, 1916] borealis Boletinus 161 Camarophyllus 385, 385 Hygrophorus 385 Polyporus 38 Russula 203, 220 Spongipellis 37, 38 Boryanus Agaricus 370 Collybia 370 Gymnopus 354, 370 Boucheanus Favolus 48 brachypus Coriolus 17, 21 Polyporus 21 braziliensis Daedalea 49 brevipes Boletus 153 Chanterel 171 Lactaria 187 Marasmius 285 Prunulus 320, 328 Russula 207 breviporus Polyporus 81 brevis Lactaria 187 Broadwayi Clitocybe 398, 416 brumalis Agaricus 406, 406 Boletus 56 Clitocybe 406 brunneolus Favolus 52 Hexagona 48, 52 Russula 205, 233 brunnescens Clitocybe 398, 415 Collybia 374 Micromphale 307, 308 brunneus Polyporus 131 bryophilus Chanterel 166 buccinalis Agaricus 345 Omphalina 344, 345 bulbosus Agaricus 142 Suillus 142 Burnhami Camarophyllus 385, 389 Hygrophorus 389 Burserae Daedalea 74, 130 Burtii Polyporus 40 butyracea Collybia 374 byrsinus Polyporus 75 byssisedoides Claudopus 302 caelopus Lentinus 292 INDEX TO SPECIES caeruleoporus Polyporus 66 Scutiger 64, 66 caerulescens Hygrophorus 395 caesiialbus Prunulus 321, 337 caesius Boletus 34 Mycena 327 Polyporus 34 Prunulus 320, 327 Tyromyces 31, 34 caespitosts Agaricus 420 Boletus 140 Camarophyllus 385, 387 Clitocybe 417 Hiatula 310, 316 Hydrocybe 387 Hygrophorus 387 Lentinus 376, 420 Marasmius 272 Monadelphus 420, 420 Pleurotus 421 calceolus Lactaria 200 calcitratus Polyporus 110 Pyropolyporus 102, 110 californica Hydrocybe 377, 382 Omphalia 351 californiensis Agaricus 342 Mycena 342 Omphalopsis 311, 315 Calkinsii Pyropolyporus 102, 105 Tyromyces 30, 32 calopus Agaricus 282 Marasmius 254, 282 calospora Crinipellis 238 Pleurotopsis 238, 238 calvescens Lentinus 293 Polyporus 81 calyx Agaricus 293 campanella Agaricus 310, 313 Collybia 374 Omphalia 313 Omphalopsis 310, 311, 313 campanulatus Marasmius 283 Pleurotus 241 Resupinatus 240, 241 camphoratus Agaricus 198 Lactaria 175, 198 camptophyllus Agaricus 317 Omphalia 317 canadensis Favolus 48 417 478 candens Clitocybe 396, 399 candicans : Agaricus 399, 399 candidissimus Agaricus 298 ° Geopetalum 298, 298, 303 Pleurotus 298 candidus Chanterel 163 Clitocybe 417 Marasmius 285 cantharelloides Agaricus 168 Elvela 168 Merulius 169 Panellus 244, 245 Cantharellus Agaricus 385, 388 Camarophyllus 385, 388 Hydrocybe 388 Hygrophorus 388 Merulius 169 caperata Coriolopsis 75, 77 Favolus 50 Hexagona 48, 51 Polyporus 77 cap Haripes Mycena 328 Prunulus 328, 328, 342 capillaris Marasmius 254, 283 Mycena 342 capillipes Marasmius 281 capreolarius Hygrophorus 395 caprinus Agaricus 390 Camarophyllus 385, 390 Hygrophorus 390 carbonacea Melanoporella 14 Polyporus 14, 14 carbonaria Fuscoporia 3, 4 Hexagonia 4 carbonicola Prunulus 322, 341 caribaeus i Xerotus 165 caricicola Marasmius 253, 277 carneofulvus Polyporus 81 carneolus Agaricus 351 Omphalia 351 carneotomentosus Agaricus 289 Lentinus 289, 289, 294 carnets Fomes 95 Polyporus 95 carnosior Clitocybe 410 carnosus Agaricus 358 Gymnopus 352, 358 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA carolinensis Polyporus 26 carpineus Boletus 40 caryophylleus Agaricus 271 Marasmius 252, 271 cascus Polystictus 77 castaneicolor Marasmius 253, 274 castanellus Boletinellus 158, 158 Boletinus 158 castaneus Boletus 134 Gyroporus 133, 134 Lentinus 293 Suillus 134 castanophilus Polyporus 72 castoreus Lentinus 246 catephes Agaricus 302 Geopetalum 298, 302 Pleurotus 302 catervatus Marasmius 257 catinus Agaricus 402 Clitocybe 396, 402 caudicinus Boletus 60 Polyporus 55, 60, 63 eaulicinalis Agaricus 278, 278, 287 Marasmius 278 caveatus Agaricus 305 Crepidopus 304, 305 Pleurotus 305 cavipes Boletinus 159, 159, 161 Boletus 159, 159 cayennensis Agaricus 361 Cedrelae Pyropolyporus 102, 105 cellare Tricholoma 420 centenarius Agaricus 312, 317 Omphalia 312 Omphalopsis 310, 312 centralis Clitocybe 400 Trametes 127 ceraceus Agaricus 378 Hydrocybe 376, 378 Hygrophorus 378 cerasinus Agaricus 384 Hygrophorus 384 cerifluus Polyporus 33 _ Tyromyces 31, 33 cerinus Agaricus 361 [VoLuME 9 Part 7, 1916] cerussatus Agaricus 417 Clitocybe 417 Marasmius 257 cervicornis Polyporus 53 cervinialbus Prunulus 320, 326 cervinicolor Marasmius 251, 265 cervino-nitens Polyporus 21 cervino-plumbea Hexagona 83 cervinus Boletus 26 chaetoloma Lentinus 294 chama Agaricus 296 Lentinus 296 chamaeleontinus Boletus 151 Russula 204, 231 Chantarellus Agaricus 167, 169 Chanterel 167, 169 Chaperi Amauroderma 115, 116 Ganoderma 116 chartaceus Polyporus 26 Chelidonium Lactaria 174, 186 chioneus Agaricus 303 Pleurotus 303 Polyporus 30, 35 Tyromyces 31, 35 chlorocyanus Agaricus 318 Omphalia 318 chlorophanus Agaricus 378 Hydrocybe 376, 378 Hygrophorus 378 chondripes Agaricus 350 Omphalia 350 Omphalina 344, 350 chromapes Boletus 139 Ceriomyces 136, 139 chrysenteron Boletus 150 Versipellis 150 Xerocomus 150 chryseus Agaricus 346 chrysocephala Clitocybe 387, 417 chrysochaetes Marasmius 250, 255 chrysodon Agaricus 390, 391 Hygrophorus 391 chrysoleucus . Agaricus 351 Omphalina 351 INDEX TO SPECIES chrysopeplus Gymnopus 353, 359, 376 Lentinus 359 chrysophyllus Agaricus 346 Omphalia 346 479 Omphalina 344, 346, 351, 352, 417, 418 chrysorhea Lactaria 174, 188 cibarius Chanterel 169 ciliatulus Agaricus 309 Hiatula 425 Leptomyces 309, 309 ciliatus Lentinus 292 cilicioides Agaricus 179 Lactaria 174, 179 cinchonensis Fomitiporia 8, 10 Gymnopus 354, 372 Prunulus 322, 341 cincinnatus Polyporus 72 cinerascens Boletus 27 cinereialbus Marasmius 251, 264 cinereiavellaneus Prunulus 322, 340 cinereus Chanterel 168 Lactaria 175, 190 Merulius 168 Sistotrema 124, 124 Trogia 166 cingulata Hexagona 83 cinnabarinus Agaricus 170 Boletus 71, 7/ Chanterel 167, 170, 384 Hygrophorus 170 Polyporus 71 Pyenoporus 1, 71, 71 Trametes 71 cinnamomeus Boletus 91 Coltricia 91, 91 Irpex 3 Pocillaria 293 Polystictus 92 Strilia 91 circellatus Agaricus 181 Lactaria 174, 181 circinans Boletus 153 circinatus Agaricus 308 Pleurotus 308 Polyporus 93 circumstans Polyporus 98 cirratus Agaricus 374 Collybia 374, 375 480 cirrifer Coriolopsis 74, 76 Polyporus 76 Polystictus 76 citricolor Agaricus 316 Mycena 316 Omphalopsis 311, 316 citrinellus Agaricus 342 Mycena 342 Polyporus 131 citrinus Boletus 72 Russula 235 citromallus Polyporus 131 cladotricha Funalia 78, 78 Polyporus 78 clavaeformis Marasmius 285 clavata Omphalia 313 Omphalopsis 310, 313 clavicularis Agaricus 330 Mycena 330 Prunulus 320, 330 clavipes Agaricus 410 Clitocybe 397, 410 clavularis Agaricus 328 clavus Asterophora 166 Collybia 374 Elvela 166 Clementsianus Marasmius 283 Clintonianus Boletus 154, 155 clitocybiformis Marasmius 251, 263 clusilis Collybia 374 coccineus Agaricus 380, 380 Boletus 71, 157 Hydrocybe 381 Hygrophorus 380 Omphalina 344, 350 Strobilomyces 157 cochleatus Agaricus 295 Lentinus 295 coffeatum Amauroderma 115, 116 Polyporus 116 cohaerens Agaricus 360, 360 colimensis Marasmius 251, 261 collina Collybia 375 collinitus Boletus 153 collybiiformis Omphalina 344, 349 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA collybiiformis Prunulus 321, 335 coloradensis Clitocybe 397, 410 colorascens Lactaria 174, 188 coloratus Hygrophorus 393 coloreus Agaricus 359 colossus Dendrophagus 30 Polyporus 30, 30 Tomophagus 30 columbanus Agaricus 417 Clitocybe 417 columbiensis Polyporus 54, 58 comatus Polystictus 77 commiscibilis Agaricus 306 Crepidopus 304, 306, 306 Pleurotus 306 communis Boletus 149, 150 Ceriomyces 137, 150, 150 Schizophyllus 237 compacta Russula 202, 205 compressipes Agaricus 408 Clitocybe 397, 408 concavus Agaricus 409 Clitocybe 397, 409, 420 Lentodiellum 297 Panus 297 concentricus Coriolus 17, 23 conchatus Agaricus 289 Boletus 108 Panus 290 Pyropolyporus 102, 108 conchifer Boletus 16, 16 Poronidulus 16 concinnus Marasmius 254, 281 concolor Marasmius 239 Scytinotus 239, 239 conferruminatus Agaricus 342 Mycena 342 confluens Agaricus 269, 295 Boletus 92 Collybia 269, 375 Marasmius 252, 269, 375 confragosus Agaricus 126 Boletus 126 Daedalea 125, 126: congelatus Hygrophorus 381 [VoLUME 9 Part 7, 1916] conglobatus Polyporus. 112 conicus Agaricus 379 Boletus 140 Ceriomyces 136, 140 Hydrocybe 376, 379 Hygrophorus 379 coniferus ; Boletus 157 conigenoides Agaricus 356 Collybia 356 Gymnopus 352, 356 conigenus Agaricus 375 Collybia 375 connatipes Agaricus 326 Mycena 326 Prunulus 320, 326 connatus Agaricus 306 Coltricia 91, 92 Crepidopus 304, 306 Fomes 99 Panus 295, 306 Pleurotus 306 Polyporus 92, 99, 99 connexts Agaricus 401 Clitocybe 396, 401 consobrina Russula 203, 217 constans ‘ Agaricus 327 Hydrocybe 377, 382 Hygrophorus 382 Mycena 327 Prunulus 320, 327 constrictus Boletus 133 Leccinum 133 contrarius Fomes 46 Marasmits 253, 274 Rigidoporus 45, 46 controversa ‘ Lactaria 200 convexa Omphalopsis 311, 316 Cookeii Lenzites 126 Copelandi Marasmius 252, 273 coptlatum Geopetalum 298, 302 Panus 302 coracicolor Marasmius 251, 265 coracipes Marasmits 252, 268 corallina Russula 202, 213 coriaceus Boletus 92 Cerrenella 74 Irpex 74 corinthiirubra Russula 203, 220 INDEX TO SPECIES cornu-bovis Fomes 112 cornucopiae Crepidopus 304, 305, 306 Dendrosarcus 305 Pleurotus 305 cornucopioides Agaricus 295, 305 Lentinellus 295 Lentinus 295 corrosus Tnonotus 86, 89 corrugatus Androsaceus 342 Daedalea 126 Earlietla 1, 45, 45 Polyporus 45 Prunulus 322, 342 corrugis Fuscoporella 6, 7 Lactaria 175, 197 Polystictus 28, 77 corticalis Agaricus 328 Prunulus 320, 328, 343 corticatus Pleurotus 308 corticola Agaricus 328 Mycena 285, 328 Omphalia 312 Omphalopsis 310, 312 cossus Agaricus 395 Hygrophorus 395 costaricensis Fuscoporella 6, 7 Cowellii Polyporus 55, 60 craspedius Agaricus 308 Pleurotus 308 crassipes Boletus 142, 149 crassus Ceriomyces 136, 142, 150, 151 Irpex 15 Crataegi Lenzites 126 craterellus Polyporus 54, 57 cremea Omphalina 344, 350 cremeimelleus Gymnopus 354, 368 cremicolor ; Camargphyllus J85, 389 Hydrecybe 389 Hygvophorus 389 cremoracets Agaricus 359 Gymnopus 353, 359 cremoricolor Russtula 202, 208 crenulatus Agaricus 249, 310 Hiatula 310 Russula 205, 235 Crescentiae ; Marasmius 250, 259 481 482 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUuME 9 cretacea Curtisii Lepiota 310 Favolus 59 cretatus Ganoderma 118, 120 Polystictus 53 Lentinus 294 crinitus Polyporus 120 Agaricus 179, 291 curvipes : Boletus 84 Omphalia 329 Lentinus 289, 291, 294, 295 Prunulus 320, 329, 343 crispellus cuspidata Polyporus 34 Tyromyces 31, 34 crispus Chanterel 164 Polyporus 40 Trogia 164 ~ crocata Coriolopsis 74, 75 Polyporus 75 Polystictus 75 crocea Lactaria 174, 185 Polyporus 72 crocitinctus Flaviporus 84, 84 Polyporus &4 crustosus Pyropolyporus 104 Russula 202, 209 cryptopus Polyporus 65 Secutiger 64, 65 crystallina Mycena 322 Prunulus 320, 322 cubensis Boletus 150 Cubamyces 43 Farliella, 44, 45 Fomitiporia 8, 8 Irpex 15 Irpiciporus 15, 15 Lentinula 295 Lentinus 295, 295 Lenzites 127, 128, 128 Marasmius 251, 263 Panus 293 Polyporus 43 Ptychogaster 131 Resupinatus 240, 240 Trametes 42, 43 cucullatus Favolus 52 Hexagona 48, 52 Marasmius 254, 280 Polyporus 90 cuneatus : : Coriolellus 28, 28 cuptlaeformis Polyporus 47 curcurbitula Marasmius 285 Curreyi Marasmius 285 curtipes Favolus 52 Marasmius 252, 268 Curtisii Boletus 143 Ceriomyces 136, 143 Hydrocybe 376, 379 Hygrophorus 379 cuspidatella Omphalina 344, 349 cutefracta Russula 236 cuticolor Clitocybe 398, 413 Omphalopsis 311, 317 cuticularis Inonotus 86 cyaneobasis Mycena 323 Prunulus 320, 323, 343 cyanescens Boletus 133 Gyroporus 133, 133 Suillus 133 cyanipes Agaricus 317 cyanocephala Collybia 354 Gymnopus 354, 372 cyanothrix Mycena 323 cyanoxanthus Agaricus 217 Russula 203, 217 cyathiformis Agaricus 406, 406, 409, 409 Marasmius 252, 268 Polyporus 57 cyclodes Polystictus 25 cymbaliferus Agaricus 331 Mycena 331 Prunulus 321, 331 cyphellaeformis Agaricus 303 Pleurotus 303 cyphelloides Coriolus 18, 26 Polystictus 26 daedalea Hexagona 47, 49 Merulius 49 Dartmouthi Boletus 151 Davisii Hydrocybe 376, 382 Hygrophorus 382 Dawsonii Omphalina 344, 345 dealbatus Agaricus 398 Clitoeybe 306, 396, 398, 418, 419 Marasmius 257 Microporellus 53, 53 Panellus 244, 245 PaRT 7, 1916] dealbatus Panus 245 Polyporus 52, 53 debilis Agaricus 342 Mycena 342 deceptiva Lactaria 173, 177 decipiens Boletinus 159 Boletus 124, 159, 159 Coriolus 27 Polyporus 27 decolorans Agaricus 225 Heliomyces 247, 249 Russula 204, 225 Russulina 225 decorus Boletus 142 Cortinellus 420 decurrens Marasmius 276 Polyporus 65 Scutiger 64, 65 deflexa Lactaria 181 delectabilis Agaricus 323 Mycena 323 Prunulus 320, 323 delectans Coriolus 17, 20 Marasmius 254, 281 Polyporus 38 Spongipellis 37, 38 delica Russula 202, 207 delicata Lactaria 174, 185 Polyporus 54, 56 delicatellus Agaricus 354 Collybia 354 Gymnopus 352, 354 deliciosus Agaricus 186 Lactaria 174, 186 Russula 207 Demetrionis Fomitiporella 12, 12 dendriticus Polyporus 131 densifolium Geopetalum 298, 301 Gymnopus 354, 371 Russula 202, 206 dentatus Gymnopus 353, 366 denticulatus Agaricus 294, 332 Gymnopus 354, 368 Mycena 332, 334 Prunulus 321, 332, 334 depallens Russula 236 depauperatus Coriolus 17, 20 Polystictus 20 INDEX TO SPECIES dependens Coltriciella 91 Polyporus 91, 91 Polystictus 91 Pyropolyporus 102, 106 deplanata Daedalea 127 Lenzites 127 detersibilis Agaricus 363 Collybia 363 Gymnopus 353, 363 detonsa Lentinula 294, 295 Lentinus 295 Polyporus 46 diabolicus Polyporus 55, 62 dibaphus Polyporus 54, 56 Trametes 77 dichotomus Chanterel 170 dichrous Boletus 147 Marasmius 252, 253, 272, 286 dicolor Agaricus 406 Clitocybe 397, 406 dict yocephalus Boletus 150 difformis Agaricus 417 Clitocybe 417 dimidiata Elvela 165 discipes Collybia 364 Gymnopus 353, 364 discoideus Polyporus 54, 57 discolor Daedalea 126 discretus Agaricus 309, 342, 425 Hiatula 425 Leptomyces 309, 309 Mycena 342 distans Lactaria 196 distantifolia Lenzites 125 Omphalopsis 311, 315 Scytinotus 239, 239 distortus Abortiporus 64 Boletus 64, 64 ditopus Agaricus 417 Clitocybe 417 domesticus Gymnopus 354, 371 dorcas Polyporus 81 Dorotheae Agaricus 375 Collybia 375 drimeja Russula 221, 236 483 484 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA Drummondii elegans Coriolus 17, 23 Agaricus 343 Polyporus 23 Boletus 62 dryadeus Daedalea 127 Inonotus 86, 86 Mycena 343 Polyporus 86 dryophilus Agaricus 362 Collybia 362 Fomitiporia 8, 8 Gymnopus 353, 354, 362, 374, 375 Inonotus 86, 87 Polyporus 87 dualis Polyporus 93 duracinus Leptoporus 37 Tyromyces 31, 37 Dussii Myriadoporus 114 Earleae Fomitiporia 8, 9 Gymnopus 353, 364 Earlei Clitocybe 397, 410 Hydrocybe 377, 384 Hygrophorus 384 Lenzites 127, 128 Marasmius 250, 258 Omphalina 344, 350 Polyporus 67 Pyropolyporus 102, 107 Russula 203, 217 Eastwoodiae Suillellus 151, 152 Eatonae Gymnopus 352, 356 eburneus Agaricus 391 Hygrophorus 391 eccentricus Boletus 150 Clitocybe 396, 399 Russula 202, 207 echinocephala Eomycenella 280 echinopus Lentinus 292 echinulata Crinipellis 287, 288 ectypoides Agaricus 417 Clitocybe 417 ectypus - Agaricus 417 Clitocybe 417 Coriolus 17, 18 Polyporus 18 edulis Boletus 142 Leccinum 142 Egelingianus Schizophyllus 237 elatinus Agaricus 303 elatus Polyporus 111 elbensis Boletus 156 Polyporus 55, 62 Russula 236 Trametes 127 elegantulus Hygyrophorus 394 Mycena 337 Prunulus 321, 337 elephantinus Agaricus 206 Clitocybe 397, 405 elixus Agaricus 417 Clitocybe 417 Ellisianus Fomes 95, 98 Tyromyces 31, 34 Ellisii Polyporus 64 Scutiger 64, 64 elongatipes Marasmius 253, 254, 274 Micromphale 307, 307 Pleurotus 307 emeticus Agaricus 201, 234, 235 Russula 205, 234 endocrocinus Polyporus 86 endophaea Lenzites 130 endothrix Polyporus 79 endozonus Polyporus &1 epichysium Agaricus 347 Omphalia 347 _ Omphalina 344, 347, 351, 418 epigaea Daedalea 90 epiphyllus Agaricus 277 Irpex 28 Marasmius 277 epipterygius Agaricus 335 Mycena 335 Prunulus 321, 335, 342 erubescens Agaricus 417 Clitocybe 417 Hygrophorus 395 esculentoides Agaricus 359 esculentus Boletus 142 Collybia 375 estensis Collybia 375 estriatus Lentinus 293 Eugeniae Crepidopus 304, 305 Geopetalum 305 [VoLUME 9 Part 7, 1916] INDEX TO SPECIES 485 eugrammus felix Agaricus 245 Marasmius 254, 279 Lentinus 245 felleus Panellus 244, 245 Boletus 134 Panus 245 Clitocybe 396, 404 europaeus Dictyopus 134 Favolus 48 Rhodoporus 134 euspeirets Tylopilus 134, 134, 151 Agaricus 316 ferruginatus Omphalopsis 310, 311, 316, 317, 375 Boletus 143 Everhartii Ceriomyces 136, 143 Mucronoporus 103 ferrugineus Pyropolyporus 102, 103, 111 Boletus 134 evolutus ferruginosus Polyporus 45 Boletus 3, 5 Rigidoporus 45, 45 Fuscoporia 4, 5 exasperatus fibriflosus Boletus 59 Inonotus 70 excavatus Polyporus 70, 70 Agaricus 308, 308 Pycnoporellus 70 Pleurotus 308 fibrosipes eximius Marasmius 251, 266 Boletus 141 fibrosus Ceriomyces 136, 141 Boletus 34 Omphalia 345 fibula Omphalina 344, 345 Agaricus 314 expallens Omphalopsis 310, 311, 314 Collybia 363 fibuloides Gymnopus 353, 363 Agaricus 313 Russula 203, 221, 221, 236 Omphalia 313 exsculptus Omphalopsis 310, 313 Agaricus 359 filopes ; Collybia 359 Agaricus 343 Gymmnopus 353, 354, 359 Marasmius 254, 280 extensus Mycena 343 Polyporus 110 fimbriatus Polystictus 75 Agaricus 307 Pyropolyporus 103, 110 fimbriporus facifer Polyporus 40 Agaricus 421 fimetarius fagicola Gymnopus 354, 372 Polyporus 54, 55 fimicola fagineus Collybia 368 Marasmius 272 fingibilis Merulius 164 Russula 204, 224 Plicatura 163, 164 firmus fallax Boletus 151 Lentinus 292 fissilis Russula 205, 235 Polyporus 39 familia Spongipellis 37, 39, 40 Agaricus 365 fissus Collybia 365 Polyporus 55, 62 Gymnopus 353, 365 fistulosus farinacea Boletus 143 Cerrenella 73, 74 flabellatus Clitocybe 396, 401 Agaricus 303 Gymnopus 352, 357 Panellus 244, 245 Irpex 74 Pleurotus 303 Prunulus 320, 326 flabelliformis fasciatus Agaricus 289, 289 Boletus 114 Chanterel 164 Elfvingia 113, 114 Panus 290 Marasmius 252, 254, 270 Plicatura 163, 164 Schizophyllus 237 flabellum favoloides Polyporus 27 Hexagona 83 flaccidus Feathermanni Agaricus 417 Polyporus &4 Clitocybe 417 Feej Lentinus 294 Polyporus 21 Lenzites 127 486 flammeus Agaricus 381 Hydrocybe 376, 377, 381 flavellus Agaricus 256, 349 Marasmius 250, 256 Omphalia 349 Omphalina 344, 349 flavescens Chanterel 169 Gymnopus 352, 357 flaviceps Russula 204, 225 flavicitrinus Prunulus 321, 336 flavidellus Agaricus 404 Clitocybe 397, 404 flavidus Boletus 154 Polyporus 69, 69 Russula 202, 211 flavifolia Mycena 324 Prunulus 320, 324 flavipes Boletus 148, 148 flaviporum Amauroderma 115, 116 Boletus 140 Ceriomyces 136, 140 flavodiscus Hygrophorus 391, 392 flavolanatus Agaricus 302 Geopetalum 298, 302 Pleurotus 302 flavolutea Hydrocybe 377, 383 Hygrophorus 383 flavomarginata Fomitiporia 8, 11 flavosquamosus Polyporus 64 flavovirens Polyporus 68 flavus Boletus 86 Russula 204, 226 flexuosipes Boletus 138 flexuosus Agaricus 180 Lactaria 200 floccosus Chanterel 167, 168, 171 flocculosa Russula 202, 213 floriceps Marasmius 267 floridanus Coriolus 19 Fomitiporella 12, 14 Hexagona 47, 49 Polyporus 19 fluxilis Agaricus 303 Pleurotus 303 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA focicola Coltricia 91, 92, 94 Polyporus 92 foetens Agaricus 214 Heliomyces 247, 249 Panus 303 Russula 203, 214 foetentula Russula 214 foetida Lactaria 197 Marasmius 252, 273, 286 Merulius 273 foliolum Agaricus 165 fomentarius Boletus 113 Elfvingia 113, 113 Fomes 113 Polyporus 113 fractipes Grifola 68, 69 Polyporus 69 fragilis Agaricus 233, 233, 313, 313 Hexagona 48, 50 Russula 233 fragillissima Hiatula 310 fragrans Agaricus 417 Bjerkandera 41 Clitocybe 417 Hygrophorus 391, 394 Polyporus 41 fraternus Boletus 150 fraxineus Boletus 96 Fomes 95, 96 Polyporus 96 fraxinophilus Fomes 95, 98 Polyporus 98 friabilis Lentinus 303 Friesiana Hexagona 24 Friesii Favolus 49 Polyporus 19 frondosus Boletus 68, 69 Grifola 68, 69 Polypilus 69 Polyporus 69 Frostii Boletus 152 Suillellus 151, 152 frustulosus Boletus 138 Ceriomyces 136, 138 fruticum Inonotus 86, 89 Polyporus 89 fuliginella Collybia 366 Gymmnopus 353, 366, 375 [VoLuME 9 Part 7, 1916] fuligineus Hygrophorus 394 Lentinus 294 fuliginosus Agaricus 194 Boletus 82 Ischnoderma 82 Lactaria 194 Prunulus 321, 335 fulvescens Russula 204, 229 fulviceps Marasmius 283 fulvida : Fuscoporia 4, 5 Mucronoporus 5 Panus 291 fulvidiscus Gymunopus 354, 368 fulvifibrillosum Micromphale 307, 307 fulvipes Gymnopus 354, 369 fulvitinctus Hapalopilus 36 Polyporus 36 Tyromyces 31, 36 fulvocinerea Coriolopsis 74, 76 fulvomelleus Inonotus 86, 87 fulvosus Agaricus 387 Camarophyllus 385, 387, 395, 417 fulvo-umbrinus Coriolus 17, 24 fulvus Boletus 98, 103, 150 Fomes 103 Pyropolyporus 102, 103 fumigatus Lentinus 291 fumosiavellaneus Prunulus 322, 340 fumosipes Boletus 149 Ceriomyces 137, 149 fumoso-avellanea Fomitella 101, 101 Trametes 101 fumosus Agaricus 409 Bjerkandera 40, 41 Boletus 4/ Clitocybe 397, 409 Lactaria 194 Polyporus 41 furcatus Agaricus 215 Amanita 215 Russula 215 furfurosus Lentinus 294 fuscescens Hydnoporia 3 Sistotrema 3, 3 fuscifrons Agaricus 308 Micromphale, 307 308 INDEX TO SPECIES fuscifrons Pleurotus 308 fuscipes Clitocybe 396, 400 , Collybia 375 Prunulus 321, 337 fuscoalbus Hygrophorus 395 fusco-badius Polyporus 45 fuscolilacinus Agaricus 364 Collybia 364 Gymnopus 353, 364 fuscoporus Boletus 40 fuscopurpureus Agaricus 272 Marasmius 252, 272 galactinus Polyporus 39 Spongipellis 37, 39, 40 galericulatus Agaricus 336 Mycena 336 Prunulus 321, 336, 343 gallinaceus Agaricus 418 Clitocybe 418 galopus Agaricus 319 Mycena 319 gausapata Trametes 111 geogenium Geopetalum 300 Pleurotus 300 geophilum Geopetalum 298, 299 geotropus Agaricus 418 Clitocybe 418 Fomes 95, 100 Polyporus 100 Gerardianus Agaricus 347, 418 Clitocybe 347, 418 Gerardii Lactaria 175, 195 gibbertlosus Polyporus 24 giganteus Agaricus 418 Clitocybe 418 Gillotii Polyporus 97 gilvus Agaricus 407 Boletus 81 Hapalopilus 1, 80, 81 Polyporus 81 Boletus 147 Marasmius 254, 282 glaberrima Daedalea 126 Lenzites 126 glabratus Lentinus 294 487 488 glandulosus Agaricus 306 Boletinus 156 Pleurotus 306 Glatfelteri Gymnopus 352, 358 glauca Russula 203, 222 glaucescens Lactaria 173, 176 glaucopus Androsaceus 268 Marasmius 252, 268 glebigenus Marasmius 250, 258 glomeratus Polyporus 90 glutinosus Hygrophorus 391, 392 glyciosmus Agaricus 193 Lactaria 175, 193 gracilis Boletus 135 Polyporus 60 Russula 203, 222 Tylopilus 134, 135 gracillimus Agaricus 351 Omphalina 351 gracillipes Prunulus 322, 340 graminicola Lentinus 289, 290 Russula 204, 223 graminis Marasmius 250, 259 graminum Agaricus 283 Marasmius 254, 283, 285 Grantii Prunulus 321, 338 granulatus Boletus 153 Ixocomus 153 Rostkovites 153, 153 Russula 203, 214 ‘Viscipellis 153 graveolens Boletus 112, 112 Fomes 112 Globifomes 112 Greenei Cyclomyces 131, 131 Cycloporus 131 gregarius +4. Marasmius 279 grenadensis Pyropolyporus 102, 107 grisea Lactaria 175, 192 griseifolia Clitocybe 398, 415 Gymnopus 354, 370 grisellus Boletinus 159, 159 griseofuscus Irpex 74 griseoroseus Ceriomyces 136, 139 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA griseus Agaricus 222, 222, 318 Boletus 138 Ceriomyces 136, 138 Omphalia 318 Pleurotus 240 Polyporus 67 Resupinatus 240, 240 Russula 222 Russulina 222 Scutiger 64, 67 guadalupensis Boletus 146 Favolus 49 guadelupensis Ceriomyces 137, 146, 150 Ganoderma 118 Plicatura 163, 164 Polyporus 101 Xerotus 164 guaraniticus Panus 292 guttulatus Polyporus 31 Tyromyces 30, 31 guyanensis Marasmits 250, 256 gynaecogalus Agaricus 199 haedinus Agaricus 301 Coriolus 17, 22 Geopetalum 298, 301 Pleurotus 301 Polyporus 22 haematocephalus Agaricus 267 Hygrophorus 384 Marasmius 252, 267, 285 haematodes Marasmius 239 Scytinotus 239, 239 haematopus Agaricus 318, 319 Galactopus 318, 319 Lentinus 246 Mycena 319 Panellus 244, 246 Haematoxyli Pyropolyporus 103, 111 Halesiae Polyporus 40 Hariolorum Collybia 375 Hariotianus Polystictus 79 Harperi Clitocybe 398, 415 Harrisii Marasmius 251, 264 havannensis ‘ Polyporus 44 Trametes 42, 44 helvus Agaricus 191 Lactaria 175, 191 hemichrysus Boletus 141 Ceriomyces 136, 141 [VoLumME 9 Part 7, 1916] hemileucus Agaricus 266 Marasmius 251, 266 Polyporus 101 hemiphlebius Agaricus 305 Crepidopus 304, 305 Pleurotus 305 hemisphaerica Mycena 329 Prunulus 320, 329 hemispilus Agaricus 293 hepatica Omphalia 318 heterophyllus Agaricus 216 Russula 203, 216 hexagoniformis Coriolus 17, 20 Hibbardae Lactaria 175, 193 hiemalis Clitocybe 397, 406 Mycena 343 Hilairianus Agaricus 361 hinnuleiformis ; Marasmius 251, 263 hinnuleus Marasmius 251, 259 Hiorami _ Marasmius 250, 256 hirneolus Agaricus 418 Clitocybe 418 hirsutulus | Coriolus 16, 18, 28 Polyporus 18 _hirsutus Agaricus 130 Boletus 24, 24, 86 Gloeophyllum 129, 130 Inonotus 86, 86 Polyporus 24 Sesia 130 . hirtellus Boletus 154 Polystictus 24 Rostkovites 153, 154 hirticeps Collybia 375 hirtiformis Lentinus 289, 293 hirtipes Marasmius 274 hirtus Agaricus 293 Favolus 83 Lentinus 289, 293, 294, 295 Panus 293 hispidellus Polyporus 66 hispidoides Polyporus 90 hispidulus Favolus 49 Funalia 78, 78 Hapalopilus 78 INDEX TO SPECIES hispidulus Trametes 78 hispidus Boletus &6 Inodermus 86 Inonottus &6 Polyporus 86 Hobsoni Agaricus 303 Pleurotus 303 Hoffmani Agaricus 418 Clitocybe 418 holmiensis Polyporus 41 holocyaneus Polyporus 66 Scutiger 64, 66 holotephrus Microporellus 53, 53 Polyporus 53 hondensis Clitocybe 398, 413 hondurensis Coriolus 17, 22 Heliomyces 247, 248 Hexagona 48, 51 Hydrocybe 377, 383 Hygrophorus 383 Marasmius 250, 258 hornodermus Fomes 97 Housei Ceriomyces 137, 145 humidicola Russula 204, 230 humilis Polyporus 54, 58 Humphreyi Polyporus 60 hydnatinus Boletus 84 hydniceps Polyporus 54, 55 hydnoides Boletus 84, 84 Pogonomyces 84 hydrophilus Polyporus 39 Spongipellis 37, 39 hydrogramma Omphalina 344 hydrolips Elvela 168 hygrophoroides Agaricus 362 Collybia 362 Gymnopus 353, 362 Lactaria 175, 196, 200 hygrophorus Phyllotus 245 hyperboretus Polyporus 103 hyperellus Marasmius 262 hypobrunnea Omphalina 344, 348 hypococcineus Polyporus 72 489 490 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA hypophaeus Marasmius 267 hypothejus Agaricus 394 Hygrophorus 390, 391, 394, 396 hysginus Agaricus 181 Lactaria 174, 181 ichoratus Agaricus 196 Lactaria 175, 196 igniarioides . Xanthochrous 111 igniarius Boletus 98, 101, 103 Fomes 103 Phellinus 103 Polyporus 103 Pyropolyporus 102, 103 ignobilis Collybia 364 Gymnopus 353, 364 ignoratus Boletus 150 ilicincola Polyporus 27 illachrymans Lactaria 200 illudens Agaricus 420, 421 Boletus 145 Ceriomyces 137, 145 Clitocybe 421 Monadelphus 417, 420, 421 imberbis Boletus 41 imbricatus Phyllotus 245 immaculatus Agaricus 312 Mycena 312 Omphalopsis 310, 312 jmmiitis Polyporus 39 immutabilis Hydrocybe 376, 382 Hygrophorus 382 impolitus Polyporus 37 impudicus Marasmius 285 inaequalis Marasmius 250, 256 incanus Placodes 96 Trametes 126 incarnatus Boletus 27 Omphalina 344, 351 Russula 208 inconspicuum Geopetalum 298, 301 Marasmiellus 243, 243 Pleurotus 301 Polyporus 46 inconstans Agaricus 289 incrustata Clitocybe 398, 416 incrustata Fomes 123 indecisus Boletus 135 Tylopilus 134, 135 indigo Agaricus 187 Lactaria 174, 187 induratus Favolus 52 Hexagona 48, 52 inermis Fomitiporella 12, 13 Poria 13 inflexibilis Polyporus 104 Pyropolyporus 102, 104 inflexus Boletus 143 Ceriomyces 136, 143 inflatus Polyporus 94 infundibuliformis Agaricus 408 Chanterel 167, 168 Clitocybe 397, 408 Merulius 168 infundibulum Panus 293 innixus Boletus 140 insignis Russula 202, 212 insititius Marasmius 253, 254, 278 insulsus Agaricus 180 Lactaria 174, 180 integer Agaricus 228 Hypophyllum 209 Russula 204, 228 Russulina 228 integrellus Agaricus 351 Omphalia 317 Omphalina 351 intermedium Ganoderma 118 intertextus Agaricus 328 Mycena 328 Prunulus 320, 328 inversus Agaricus 407 Clitocybe 397, 407, 419 involuta Lactaria 174, 177 iocephalus Agaricus 271 Marasmius 252, 271 iodinus Cyclomyces &5 Cycloporellus 85 Polyporus &5 ionides Tris Marasmius 252, 268 Agaricus 343 Mycena 343 Par? 7, 1916] irregularis Polyporus 97 irrorata Collybia 373 isabellinus Boletus 40, 156 Lactaria 175, 199 jalapensis Marasmius 251, 264 Panellus 244, 244 Omphalina 344, 349 jamaicensis Daedalea 130 Fomitiporia 8, 11 Gymnopus 354, 373 TInonotus 86, 88 Marasmius 251, 261 Polystictus 24 Pyropolyporus 102, 107 Johnsoniana Fomitiporella 12, 13 Jobnstonii Marasmius 252, 269 jozzolus Agaricus 391 Hygrophorus 390, 391, 391 juglandinus Boletus 12 juglandis Marasmius 285 juniperinus Agaricus 125 Daedalea 125, 125 Fuscoporia 4, 4 Inonotus 86, 88 Marasmiellus 243, 243 Polyporus 106 Pyropolyporus 102, 106 kansensis Polyporus 66 Trametes 125 Kermesinus Agaricus 350, 350 Omphalia 350 Klotzschii Lenzites 126 labyrinthicus Polyporus 26, 26, 37 labyrinthiformis Agaricus 125 lacerata Collybia 367 Polyporus 27 lachnophyllus Agaricus 360 Collybia 360 Gymnopus 353, 360 lactariiforniis Clitocybe 397, 409 lacteus. Agaricus 209, 343, 391 Boletus 133 Irpiciporus 15, 15 Mycena 343 Polyporus 36 Russula 202, 209 Sistotrema 15 Trametes 126 Tyromyces 31, 36 r INDEX TO SPECIES lactifluus Agaricus 195 Boletus 153 Lactaria 175, 195, 200 Leccinum 153 Polyporus 69 lactifluus-dulcis Agaricus 198 lactus Hygrophorus 395 lacttnosus Agaricus 359 Collybia 359 laeticolor Scutiger 64, 65 laetus Agaricus 380 Hydrocybe 376, 377, 380, 384 Hygrophorus 380 laminata Fomitiporia 8, 11 lanatus ’ Polyporus 75 Langloisiana Fomitiporella 12, 13 Langloisii Fomitiporia 7, 8, 9 Pyropolyporus 102, 109 languidus Agaricus 276 Marasmius 253, 276 lanuginosa Lactaria 174, 182 lapidescens Agaricus 317 Mylitta 317 laricinus Boletus 156 Hydrocybe 376, 380 Hygrophorus 380 Laricis Boletus 99 Fomes 95, 99 lateralis Boletus 158 latericius Prunulus 322, 342 lateritium Hypophyllum 187 Plicatura 163, 164 Xerotus 164 latifolius Agaricus 327 Mycena 327 Prunulus 320, 327 latissimus Polyporus 125 Laurae ~ Hygrophorus 391, 392 laxipes Collybia 375 Leaianus Agaricus 333 Collybia 333 Prunulus 321, 333 Lecomtei Lentinus 292 leiodermus Coriolus 17, 23 491 492 leiodermus Polyporus 23 leiopus Agaricus 374, 375 lenis Polyporus 75 lenta Omphalina 344, 349 lentinoides Agaricus 360 Crepidotus 293 Gymunopus 353, 360 lepida Russula 202, 208 lepideus Agaricus 296 Lentinus 296 lepiotiformis Prunulus 319, 322 Leprieurii Lentinus 291 leprosus Boletus 142 Hexagona §3 Favolus 83, 83 leptocephalus Agaricus 343 Boletus 151 Mycena 343 leptolomus Agaricus 400 Clitocybe 396, 400 leptophyllus Agaricus 325 Mycena 325 Prunulus 320, 325 leptopus Marasmius 254, 279 leucocephalus Marasmius 285 leucophaeus Chanterel 168 Polyporus 114 Prunulus 321, 336 leucomallus Polyporus 36 Tyromyces 31, 36 leucospongia Polyporus 29, 29 Spongiporus 29 Leveillei Lentinus 291 levis Daedalea 127 Lentinus 289, 293, 294 Panus 293 licnoides Hapalopilus 1, 80, 81. Polyporus 81 Polystictus 81 Liebmanni Polyporus 46 Rigidoporus 45, 46 lignatilis Boletus 151 Chanterel 171 ligneus Fomes 95, 97 Polyporus 97 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 ligneus ‘Trametes 42, 44 ligniaria Collybia 333 Prunulus 321, 333 lignifragus Leptomyces 309 ligniota Lactaria 175, 194 Lactariella 194 lilacea Russula 236 lilacifolius Agaricus 346 Omphalia 346 Omphalina 344, 346 lilacinus Agaricus 343, 346, 346 Mycena 343 liliputianus Agaricus 239 Pleurotopsis 238, 239 limacinus Agaricus 395 Hygrophorus 395 limatulus Boletus 142 limitatus Coriolus 17, 20 ‘Trametes 20 limonium Agaricus 358 limpidoides Pleurotus 303 limpidus Agaricus 303 Pleurotus 303 Lindheimeri Polyporus 40, 79 lineatus Agaricus 343 Mycena 343 Linnaei Russula 236 linteus Polyporus 109 Pyropolyporus 102, 109 Lionnetii Elfvingia 113, 115 Ganoderma 115 Listeri Agaricus 176 livescens Lactaria 184 livido-albus Hygrophorus 395 lividorubescens Agaricus 184 Lactaria 174, 184 Lioydii Coriolus 17, 23 Fomitiporia 8, 10 lobata Elfvingia 1, 113, 114 Polyporus 114 lobulatus Agaricus 245 longipes Agaricus 352, 366 Part 7, 1916] longipes Gymnopus 353, 366 Marasmius 274, 274 Prunulus 321, 338 longistriatus Marasmius 274 loripes Collybia 375 lucidus Fomes 118 ludens Polyporus 19 ludoviciana Fuscoporella 6, 6 Gymnopus 352, 355 Prunulus 320, 330 Turidescens . Spongipellis 37, 39 luridus Boletus 151, 157 Hydrocybe 376, 381 Hygrophorus 381 Polyporus 56 Suillellus 151, 151 luteicolor Omphalina 344, 348 luteobasis Russula 204, 227 luteola Lactaria 175, 197 Omphalia 345 luteo-olivaceus ’ Agaricus 359 luteopallens Agaricus 325 Mycena 325 Prunulus 320, 325 lutescens Chanterel 168 luteus Agaricus 224 Boletus 154, 155, 156 Cricunopus 155 Ixocomus 155 Russula 204, 224 Russulina 224 Viscipellis 155 | luxurians Collybia 362 Collybidium 362 Gymnopus 353, 362 lycoperdoides Agaricus 425, 425 Asterophora 166, 166 lycoperdonoides Agaricus 166 macrorrhizus Marasmius 285 maculatus Agaricus 358, 358 Collybia 358 Lactaria 174, 185 Polyporus 31 maculosus Agaricus 407, 407 Polyporus 55, 61 magnifica Russula 202, 205 magnisporus Boletus 151 INDEX TO SPECIES 493 magnisporus Marasmius 253, 275 magnus Lentinus 296 Prunulus 321, 338 Magnusii Phyllodontia 124 malicola Trametes 39 Mangiferae Bresadolia 131 marasmiiformis Gymnopus 354, 371 Marasmioides Melanopus 61 Polyporus 55, 61 Marbleae Marasmius 250, 255 margarita Prunulus 322, 340 marginatus Boletus 98 Clitocybe 421 Fomes 98 Hydrocybe 376, 378 Hygrophorus 378 Monadelphus 420, 421 Polyporus 95, 98 marginella Fuscoporia 4, 5 Polyporus 5 Mariae Russula 202, 210, 236 mariannus Polyporus 45 marmoratus Polyporus 114 martinicensis Xerotinus 165, 165 Xerotus 165 mastrucatus Agaricus 243 maurus Agaricus 363 Gymnopus 353, 354, 363 Omphalia 363 Mauryi : Xerotinus 165, 165 Xerotus 165 maximus Agaricus 418 Ceriomyces 137, 146 Clitocybe 418 Coriolus 18, 26 Fomitiporia 8, 11 Hexagona 47, 49 Irpex 26 Lentinus 296 Russula 204, 229 McMurphyi Omphalopsis 311, 315 media Clitocybe 397, 410 megalospora Clitocybe 366, 418 megaloma Elfvingia 113, 114 Fomes 114 Polyporus 114 494 melaleuca Melanoleuca 374 melanoporoides Fomes 112 melanoporus Nigrofomes 112 Polyporus 112, 112 melanopus Helotium 277 Marasmius 254, 284 Meliae Fomes 95, 100 Polyporus 100 meliigena Agaricus 324° Mycena 324 Prunulus 320, 324 melleidiscus Prunulus 320, 325 melleopora Fomitiporella 12, 13 mielleus Agaricus 362 melliolens Russula 204, 228 membranaceus Boletus 23 Coriolus 17, 23, 27 Polyporus 23 Memmingeri Coltricia 91, 94 Menandianus Polyporus 27 mephiticus Hygrophorus 387 merulioides . Boletinellus 158, 158 Daedalea 158 metachrous Agaricus 406 Clitocybe 397, 406. metapodius Agaricus 390 Hygrophorus 390 metatus Agaricus 343 _ Mycena 343 mexicana Ceriomyces 79 Clitocybe 398, 416 Chanterel 167, 171 Fuscoporella 6, 7 Ganoderma 110 Lenzites 130 Leptoporus 37 Russula 203, 222 Schizophyllus 237 ‘Trametes 79, 131 Meyenii Polyporus 26 micaceus Coprinus 385 Micheliana Collybia 375 Micheneri Agaricus 306, 351 Lentinus 294 Omphalia 351 Pleurotus 306 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA micromegas Polyporus 45, 46 Rigidoporus 46, 100 microporus Boletus 100 Hexagona 48 Polyporus 100 microscopicus Agaricus 317 Delicatula 317 microspermus Gymnopus 353, 361 Lentinus 294, 361 microspora Clitocybe 397, 411 Collybia 355 Gymnopus 352% 355 microstomus Polyporus 45 Rigidoporus 45, 45 miniato-olivaceus Boletus 147 Ceriomyces 137, 147 miniatus Agaricus 380 Hydrocybe 376, 377, 380, 381 Hygrophorus 381 Omphalina 344, 350 minima Hiatula 309, 425 Leptomyces 309, 309 minor Chanterel 167, 169 minuscula Lactaria 175, 189 minutissima Lactaria 200 Marasmius 254, 280 Prunulus 320, 326 minutulus Agaricus 323, 323 Hydrocybe 376, 380 Hygrophorus 380 Mycena 323 minutus Crepidopus 304, 304 Marasmius 254, 280 Pleurotus 304 miratus Agaricus 327 Mycena 327 Prunulus 320, 327 mitis Agaricus 303 Pleurotus 303 modestus Boletus 134 Russula 202, 210 mollis Antrodia 82, 82 Crepidotus 303 Daedalea 82 Irpex 15, 15 Trpiciporus 15, 15 molliusculus Polyporus 26 monadelphus Agaricus 421 Clitocybe 421 [VoLUME 9 Part 7, 1916] mons-veneris Funalia 78 montanus Agaricus 347 Hygrophorus 391, 395 Marasmius 251, 266 Mycena 347 monticola Gymuopus 354, 371 morbifera Clitocybe 418 Morgani Boletus 138 Chanterel 167, 170 Polyporus 66 Russula 202, 208 Morganianus Marasmius 285 Mori Hexagona 47, 48 Morrisii Boletus 153 Hygrophorus 394 Suillellus 151, 153 mucida Lactaria 174, 181 mucilaginosus Hygrophorus 384 mugnaius Agaricus 391 Hygrophorus 391, 391 multiceps Clitocybe 397, 405 Marasmius 286, 286 Polymarasmius 286, 286 multifidus Agaricus 237 multifolius Heliomyces 247, 249 Marasmius 252, 270 multiformis Clitocybe 397, 405 Polyporus 93 multiplex Chanterel 171, 171 Polyozellus 171 multipunctus Boletus 148 muralis Agaricus 351 Omphalia 351 murinifolia Clitocybe 398, 414 murinus Agaricus 375 Collybia 375 Prunulus 321, 331 Murraii Boletus 160 Murrayi Schizophyllus 237 Murrillii Russula 202, 211 muscigenus Agaricus 165 Chanterel 165, 165 Dictyolus 165, 165, 303 muscoides Agaricus 170 INDEX TO SPECIES muscoides Chanterel 167, 170 musicola Gymnopus 354, 370 Marasmius 251, 260 mustelina Russula 202, 208 mutabilis Boletus 151 Lactaria 175, 199 Polyporus 53 mutilis Agaricus 306 Pleurotus 306 myceliosus Prunulus 321, 338 myceniformis Omphalopsis 311, 316 Myrciae Androsaceus 339 Prunulus 322, 339 myriadopbyllus Agaricus 363 Collybia 363 Gymnopus 353, 363 myrrhinus Polyporus 75 nanus Marasmius 250, 256 nauseosus Agaricus 232 Leptoporus 37 Russula 204, 232 Russulina 232 nebularis Agaricus 418 Clitocybe 396, 418 Polystictus 19 nebulosus Boletus 151 necator Agaricus 179, 183, 183 neglectus Fomes 124 nephridius Polyporus 63 nevadense Ganoderma 118, 119 nicaraguensis Fuscosporia 4, 6 Lentinus 291 Polyporus 111 nidulans Hapalopilus 80, 80 Inonotus &0 Polyporus 80 niduliformis Pleurotopsis 238, 238 nidtlus Marasmius 239 niger Agaricus 242 Melanoporia 15 Pleurotus 242 Polypords 14, 15 Resupinatus 240, 242 nigrellus Boletus 135 495 496 nigrescens Agaricus 206 nigrescentipes Russula 204, 226 nigricans Agaricus 206, 207 Polyporus 103 Russula 202, 206 nigridius Camarophyllus 385, 389 Hygrophorus 389 nigripes Agaricus 277 Heliomyces 277 Lentinus 297 Marasmius 253, 277 Merulius 169 nigrita Agaricus 373 Collybia 373 Gymnopus 354, 373 nigritiformis Gymnopus 354, 371 nigrocinerea Coriolopsis 75, 77 nigrodisca Collybia 356 Gymnopus 352, 356 Russula 205, 235 nigromarginatus Boletus 24 Coriolus 17, 24, 28 niphetus Pleurotus 300 nitens Fomes 123 nitidum Ganoderma 118, 123 Hydrocybe 376, 378 Hygrophorus 378 Lactaria 174, 189 Russula 236 Trametes 45 nitratus Agaricus 390 Hygrophorus 390 niveicolor Clitocybe 398, 415 Marasmius 250, 257 Omphalina 344, 348 niveipes Prunulus 321, 332 niveus Agaricus 233, 233, 377 Boletus 139 Camarophyllus 377 Hydrocybe 376, 377 Hygrophorus 377 Merulius 163 Plicatura 163, 163 nivosellus Tyromyces 30, 32 nivosus Polyporus 42 Trametes 42, 42 nivulosa : Collybia 375 nobilis “Boletus 142 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA nobilis Clitocybe 397, 404 Novae-Angliae Polyporus 103 nuceus Polystictus 28 nummularis Boletus 62 nuptialis Marasmius 285 nutans Amauroderma 115, 117 Ganoderma 117 Polyporus 117 obconicus Camarophyllus 385, 386 Hygrophorus 386 Lentinus 294 obducens Poria 99 obductus Polyporus 32 Tyromyces 30, 32 obesa Coltricia 91, 93 Polystictus 93 oblectans Polyporus 91 obliquiformis Fomitiporia 8, 9 obolus Polyporus 54, 58 obscura Russula 204, 225 obsoletus . Marasmius 251, 265 obstinatus Trametes 26 obtusus Polyporus 37 obvolutus Polyporus 94 occidentalis Coriolopsis 74, 75 Polyporus 74, 75 Prunulus 321, 337 Spongipellis 37, 38 ocellata Trametes &4 ochraceicinereus Prunulus 321, 333 ochraceus Chanterel 171 Neurophyllum 171 Russula 236 ochroleuca Collybia 359 Russula 203, 218 ochrophylla Russula 204, 228 ochrotinctellus Coriolus 17, 22 oculata Clitocybe 398, 414 Gymnopus 354, 371 Lactaria 174, 189 oculus Agaricus 367 Omphalia 367 Gymnopus 353, 367 [VoLuME 9 Part 7, 1916] odorifer Agaricus 324 Mycena 324 Prunulus 320, 324 odorus ‘ Agaricus 406 Polyporus 43 Trametes 43 oedematopus Agaricus 195 Oerstedii Polyporus 115 officinalis Boletus 99 Polyporus 99 ohiensis Favolus 48 Fomes 95, 96 Fomitiporia 8, 11 Hygrophorus 385 Trametes 29, 96 olearius Agaricus 421 Olneii Marasmius 252, 254, 280 olivaceus Chanterel 172, 172 Plicaturella 172 Russula 236 olivarius Agaricus 314 Omphalia 314 Omphalopsis 310, 314 olivascens Agaricus 223, 223 Russula 223 omalopilus . Polyporus $i omphalodes Lentinus 289, 294 omphalomorphus Agaricus 294 oniscus Agaricus 351 Omphalina 351 Polystictus 19 opacus Agaricus 418 Clitocybe 418 Marasmius 253, 278 operculatus Panus 247 orbiculata Hexagona §3 oreades Agaricus 271 Clitocybe 398, 414 Marasmius 271 Scorteus 271 oregonensis Clitocybe 397, 412 Ganoderma 118, 119 Geopetalum 299 orizabensis Gymnopus 354, 370 Lentinus 289, 290 Resupinatus 240, 241 ornatipes Boletus 146 INDEX TO SPECIES ostreatus Agaricus 304 Crepidopus 304, 304 Pleurotus 304, 306 Overholtsii Clitocybe 396, 403 pachycheiles Polyporus 34 pachypus Polyporus 63 Palisoti Daedalea 127 Lenzites 127 pallescens Irpex 15 Marasmius 251, 261 Polyporus 40 pallidocervinus Polyporus 20, 80 pallidofulva Daedalea 126 Gloeophyllum 129 Sesia 129 pallidofulvellus Coriolus 17, 20 pallidus Boletus 147 Camarophyllus 385, 386 Ceriomyces 137, 147 Gymnopus 352, 355 Hygrophorus 386 Lactaria 200 Lentinus 308 Palmarum Tyromyces 30, 32 Palmeri Pocillaria 292 palmicola Fuscoporella 6, 6 Polyporus 6 paludicola Prunulus 321, 336 paludinella Lactaria 174, 189 paludosus Hygrophorus 391, 393 paluster Agaricus 331 Boletinellus 158, 158 Boletinus 158 Boletus 158 Mycena 331 Polyporus 31 Prunulus 321, 331 Russula 203, 222 Tyromyces 30, 31 papillatus Marasmius 253, 276 Omphalia 311 Omphalopsis 310, 311 papillosus Marasmius 285 papyracea Hexagona 83 Polyporus 27 paraguariensis Omphalia 316 paraguayensis Lentinus 293 497 498 parasiticus Boletus /41 Ceriomyces 136, 141 Clitocybe 421 Versipellis 141 Xerocomus 141 pargamenus Polyporus 27 parvula Clitocybe 396, 403 Coltricia 92 Ganoderma 118, 123 Hydrocybe 376, 378 Hygrophorus 378 Lentinus 294 Polyporus 27, 91, 91 Prunulus 320, 323 Russula 205, 235 parvus Boletus 153 Lactaria 175, 190 patellaris Tectella 247 patuloides Agaricus 417 patulus Lentinus 293 paucifolius Marasmius 251, 262 pavonius Boletus 25 Coriolus 17, 25 Cyclomycetella 25, 85 paxilloides Russula 203, 218 Peckianus Camarophyllus 385, 389 Hygrophorus 389 Polystictus 70 Peckii Boletus 144 Ceriomyces 137, 144 Clitocybe 397, 412 Heliomyces 247, 248 Hydrocybe 376, 379 Hygrophorus 379 Lactaria 175, 191 Marasmius 250, 254 Trametes 79 pectinatoides Russula 203, 214 pectinatus Prunulus 321, 333 Russula 203, 213, 236 pelianthinus Agaricus 332 pelleporus Boletus 40 pelliculosus Agaricus 243 pellitus Polyporus 84 peltigerinus Agaricus 405. Clitocybe 397, 405 penarius Hygrophorus 395 pendula Peziza 47, 47 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA pendula ‘Porodisculus 47 Porodiscus 47 pereffusa Fomitiporia 8, 10 perennis Boletus 92 Coltricia 91, 92 Pelloporus 92 Polyporus 92 Polystictus 92 perforans Agaricus 277 Marasmius 253, 277 pergamenus | Agaricus 176 Lactaria 173, 176 peronatus Agaricus 271 Marasmius 252, 271 perplexus Tnonotus 86, 88 Polyporus 8&8 perpusillus Agaricus 303 Fomes 29 Pleurotus 303 Polyporus 29 Perrottetii Polyporus 79 persicinus Polyporus 67 Scutiger 64, 67 personata Lepista 419 Marasmius 251, 259 Persoonii Polystictus 45 pertenuis Inonotus 86, 87 perzonatum Ganoderma 118, 121 petaliformis Polyporus 53 petaloides Agaricus 300 Geopetalum 298, 300, 303 Pleurotus 300, 300 petasiformis Omphalopsis 311, 316 Petersii Chanterel 167, 168 Trametes 81 petiolorum Marasmius 250, 255 phaeoxanthus Polyporus 54, 58 phaeus Marasmius 267 pholiotoides ‘Lentinus 291 phyllophiloides Clitocybe 396, 401 phyllophilus Agaricus 402 Clitocybe 396, 402 Marasmius 252, 253, 278 physcopodius Agaricus 358 Collybia 358 [VOLUME 9 Part 7, 1916] physcopodius Gymnopus 352, 358 piceina Clitocybe 418 Lentinus 289 Polyporus 111 picipes Marasmius 251, 260 pictus Boletinus 159, 160 Boletus 160 pileolarius Agaricus 418 Clitocybe 418 pilosus Agaricus 246 Lentinus 246 Pilotae Aurantiporus 72 Polyporus 71, 72 pilularius Agaricus 365 Collybia 365 Gymnopus 353, 365 Pini Boletus 111, Z11 Daedalea 111 Polyporus 111 Porodaedalea 111 Trametes 111 piniarius Agaricus 418 Clitocybe 418 . Pini-canadensis Polyporus 72 pinicola Boletus 98 Fomes 98 Fomitopsis 98 Polyporus 98 pinophilus Agaricus 408 Clitocybe 397, 408 pinsitus Agaricus 303 Coriolus 17, 24 Pleurotus 303 Polyporus 24 piperatus Agaricus 176, 176 Boletus 143 Ceriomyces 143 Txocomus 143 Lactaria 173, 176 Leccinum 143 Viscipellis 143 pithyophilus Agaricus 399 Clitocybe 396, 399 pityreus Irpex 16 placentaeformis Polystictus 28 plancus Marasmius 285 planellus Coriolus 17, 21 planus Agaricus 303 INDEX TO SPECIES planus Pleurotus 303 Polyporus 21 platyphyllus Agaricus 367 Collybia 367 Gymnopus 353, 367 Lactaria 180 platypoda Lenzites 127 plicatulus Marasmius 254, 282 plinthogalus Agaricus 194 Lactaria 175, 194 plumbea Daedalea 125 Lactaria 200 Polyporus 46 Vaginata 306, 375 plumbeibrunneus Prunulus 321, 338 plumbosus Polystictus 28 Plumierii Heliomyces 284 Pocono Boletus 151 poculum Agaricus 409 Sphaeria 47 polychromum Ganoderma 118, 119 Polyporus 119 polygrammus Agaricus 343. Hexagona 83 Mycena 343 Polyporus 53, 83 polyphyllus Marasmius 252, 269 Russula 202, 207 polyporoides Marasmius 251, 266 Polyporus Boletus 56 Polyporus 54, 56 pometi Agaricus 306 Pleurotus 306 ponderosus Fomes 98 populinus Boletus 99 Fomes 95, 99 poripes ; Grifola 68, 68 Polyporus 68 porosus Boletinus 158 Paxillus 158 porphyrellus Agaricus 418 Clitocybe 418 porphyritis Polyporus 53 Microporellus 53, 53 porrigens Agaricus 300 499 500 porrigeus Geopetalum 300 Pleurotus 300 portoricensis Hexagona 48, 51 Marasmius 251, 262 Poria 74 praeacutus Marasmius 253, 254, 277 praeceps Agaricus 374 praedecurrens Marasmius 250, 257 Mycena 314 Omphalopsis 311, 314 praefoliatus Agaricus 367 praelongus Agaricus 330 Ganoderma 118, 121 Mycena 330 Prunulus 320, 330 praerimosus Pyropolyporus 102, 105 praetortipes Marasmius 250, 258 prasiosmus Agaricus 269 Marasmius 252, 269 pratensis Agaricus 387 Camarophyllus 387 Hydrocybe 387 Hygrophorus 387 prtinceps Chanterel 168 Favolus 48 Hexagona 47, 48 proboscideus Lentinus 246 proletarius Marasmius 250, 256 prolificans Coriolus 18, 27, 28 Polyporus 27 protracta ; Lenzites 129 proximus Lentinus 295 Lenzites 126 pruinatus Marasmius 285 pruinosifolius Marasmius 251, 265 pritinosulus Marasmius 250, 258 pruinosus Agaricus 419 Chanterel 167, 167 Clitocybe 419 Marasmius 285 prunicola Fomitiporia 8, 9 pseudogrisea Omphalopsis 311, 314 pseudopargamenus Polyporus 27 pseudoprinceps Hexagona 47, 49 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA pseudopurus Agaricus 343 Mycena 343 pseudosenex Polyporus 111 Pyropolyporus 102, 107 psittacinus Agaricus 380 Hydrocybe 376, 380 Hygrophorus 380 puberula Bjerkandera 40, 41 Daedalea 41 pubescens Agaricus 299, 299 Boletus 18 Coriolus 17, 18, 28 Lactaria 200 Leptoporus 19 Pieurotus 309 Polyporus 18 Prunulus 322, 341 pubescentipes Omphalia 313 pudorinus Agaricus 393 Hygrophorus 391, 393, 396 puellaris Russula 204, 230 Russulina 230 pulcherrimus Agaricus 326 Clitocybe 397, 404 Lentinus 294 Mycena 326 Prunulus 320, 326, 342 pulcherripes Marasmius 254, 284 pulchralis Russula 236 pulchrifolius Chanterel 167, 167 pulverulentum Ganoderma 118, 121 Russula 203, 215 pulvinatus Agaricus 306 Pleurotus 306 punctata Russula 236 punctipes Boletus 153 puniceus Agaricus 381 Hydrocybe 376, 381 Hygrophorus 381 purgans Boletus 99 purpurascens Agaricus 396 Favolus 50 Hexagona 48, 51 Hiatula 310, 425 Hygrophorus 396 Leptomyces 309, 310 Marasmius 252, 267 purpureofuscus Agaricus 333 Mycena 333 [VoLumME 9 Part 7, 1916] purpureofuscus Polystictus 81 Prunulus 321, 333, 343 purpureus Marasmiellus 243, 244 purpurina Russula 205, 232 purus Agaricus 332 Hydrocybe 376, 377 Hygrophorus 377 Mycena 332 Prunulus 321, 322, 332; 343, 419 Trametes 36 pusilla Clitocybe 397, 411 Hydrocybe 376, 377 Hygrophorus 377 Inonotus 86, 87 Russula 204, 229 pusillissima Omphalia 311 Omphalopsis 310, 311 pusio Marasmius 285 Polystictus 27 putidus Polyporus 63 Siena Agaricus 306 Marasmius 251, 265 Pleurotus 306 pyramidatus Lentinus 289, 291 pyrinus Marasmius 254, 281 pyrogalus Agaricus 178 Lactaria 178 pyrrhocephalus Marasmius 285 pyxidatus Agaricus 346, 346 Omphalia 346 Omphalina 346 Queletii ~ Hygrophorus 396. Russula 203, 218, 221, 236 quercinus Agaricus 125, 125 Daedalea 125, 125 quietus Agaricus 188 Lactaria 174, 188, 188 racodium Agaricus 243 radiatus Agaricus 237 Boletus 90 Polyporus 90 Inonotus 86, 90 radicans Boletus 153, 153 radicatellus Agaricus 323 Mycena 323 Prunulus 320, 323 radicatus Agaricus 366 INDEX TO SPECIES radicatus Gymnopus 353, 366, 418 Polyporus 66 Scutiger 64, 66 radiciperda Trametes 97 radicosus Boletus 151 radiozonarius Agaricus 419 Clitocybe 419 radius Agaricus 343 Mycena 343 ramealis Agaricus 279 Collybiopsis 279 Marasmius 254, 279 ramosa Collybia 375. ramosissimus Boletus 69 Cladomeris 69 Grifola 68, 69 ramulinus Marasmius 253, 278 rancidula Clitocybe 419 Tricholoma 419 Raoultii Russula 203, 218 Ravenelii Boletus 156, 157 Cerrenella 73, 73 Chanterel 169 Daedalea 73 Hygrophorus 390 Lentinus 296 Polyporus 53 Polystictus 19 Pulveroboletus 157 recurvatus Camarophyllus 385, 388 Hygrophorus 388 reflexa Pocillaria 295 regalis Lactaria 179 regularis Clitocybe 396, 399 regulicolor Amauroderma 115, 116 Fomes 115, 116 renatum Amauroderma 115, 117 Polyporus 117 reniformis Elfvingia 114 Hexagona 48, 50 Polyporus 114 repanda Daedalea 127 Lenzites 127 repens Agaricus 367 representanea Lactaria 174, 183 resimus Agaricus 179 502 resimus Lactaria 174, 176, 179 resinosus Boletus 82 Ischnoderma 82, 82 Marasmius 253, 276 Polyporus 97 resupinatus Boletus 101 reticeps Lentinula 309 reticulatus Boletus 83, 83 Merulius 166 retipes Boletus 146 Ceriomyces 137, 146 Polyporus 65 Scutiger 64, 65 retirugus Chanterel 166 Dictyolus 165, 166, 166 Elvela 166 Merulius 166 revoluta Clitocybe 420 Monadelphus 420, 420 rhabarbarina Daedalea 130 Lenzites 130 Marasmius 267, 361 Polyporus 111 theicolor Agaricus 361 Polyporus 72 rhodocephalus Marasmius 267 Rhododendri Agaricus 311 Omphalia 3/1 Omphalopsis 310, 311 rhyssosporus Agaricus 318 Omphalia 318 ribesius Polyporus 108 Ribis Boletus 108 Pyropolyporus 102, 108 Richardsonii Polyporus 28 rigens Polystictus 75 rigida Coriolopsis 74, 75 Marasmius 286 Trametes 75 rigidulus Lentinus 292 rimosellus Boletus 151 Lactaria 175, 198 ringens Scytinotus 239 rivulosus Agaricus 419 Clitocybe 419 Robiniae Pyropolyporus 102, 105 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA robiniophila Trametes 42, 42 Robinsoniae Clitocybe 396, 400 Pyropolyporus 102, 108 Russula 203, 221 Robinsonii Lentinus 294 Panus 246 robustus * Boletus 147, 141, 151 Clitocybe 396, 403, 417 roriduliformis . Omphalopsis 311, 317 roridulus Agaricus 339 Mycena 339° Prunulus 322, 339 roridus Agaricus 317 Mycena 317 roseibrunneus Hygrophorus 391, 394 roseilividus ; Gymnopus 354, 373 roseipallens Prunulus 320, 324 roseipes Russula 204, 227 rosellus Agaricus 324, 324 Chanterel 167, 170 Mycena 324 roseocandidus Agaricus 323 Mycena 323 Prunulus 320, 323 roseocinereus Pyropolyporus 102, 104 roseolus Prunulus 320, 324 roseotinctus Boletus 144 roseo-violascens Agaricus 184 roseus Boletus 95 Fomes 95, 95 Fomitopsis 95 Hydrocybe 377, 382 Hygrophorus 382 Polyporus 95 rotula Agaricus 282 Marasmius 254, 282 Roxanae Boletus 148 Ceriomyces 137, 148 rubeolarius Boletus 151 ruber Agaricus 218, 228 Amanita 234 Hydrocybe 376, 379 Hygrophorus 379 Russula 218 rubescens Daedalea 126 Russula 204, 226 [VOLUME 9 Part 7, 1916] rubescens Trametes 126 rubescentifolius Agaricus 359 rubeus Boletus 147 rubiginosus Boletus 82 rubinellus Boletus 152 Suillellus 151, 152 rubriochracea Russula 202, 211 rubritinctus Fomes 95, 99 Heliomyces 247, 249 rubromarginatus Agaricus 343 Mycena 343 rubrophyllus Marasmius 252, 253, 271 rubropunctus Boletus 143 Hygrophorus 391, 392 rubrotincta Russula 204, 229 rudis Panus 292 Polyporus 45 rufitincta Fuscoporia 4, 5 Poria 5 rufo-atratus Polyporus 62 rufoflavus Flaviporus 84, 84 Polyporus 84, &4 rufo-pallidus Polyporus 95 rufopictus Polystictus 46 rufula Lactaria 175, 192 rufus Agaricus 192 Lactaria 175, 191, 192 rugosiceps Boletus 148 rugosipes Clitocybe 397, 413 rugosoceps ; Collybia 360 Gymnopus 353, 360 rugosodiscus Agaricus 318 Galactopus 318, 318 Mycena 318 Omphalia 318 rugosoides Mycena 334 Prunulus 321, 334 rugosus Agaricus 343 Mycena 343 rugulosus Marasmius 251, 260 Russula 205, 234 Russellii Boletus 137 INDEX TO SPECIES - Russellii Ceriomyces 136, 137 rusticanus Agaricus 178, 347 Lactaria 174, 178 Omphalia 347 Omphalina 344, 347 rutilans j Boletus 80 Hapalopilus 80, 80 Polyporus 80 rutilantiformis Prunulus 321, 334 Sabali Prunulus 320, 325 saccharinus Marasmius 286 saccharium Lactaria 200 saepiarius Agaricus 130 Daedalea 130 Lenzites 128, 130 Sagraeanus Fomes 95, 96 Polyporus 96 salicinus Boletus 108, 108 Panus 2417 salignus Agaricus 306 Marasmius 253, 276 Pleurotus 306 Polyporus 41 salmonea Lactaria 175, 195 salmonicolor Boletus 155 sanguinalis Lactaria 200 sanguineus Agaricus 221, 350, 350 Boletus 71 Daedalea 45 Marasmius 267 Omphalia 350 Polyporus 71 Polystictus 71 Pyenoporus 71, 71 Russula 203, 221 Xylometron 71 sanguinolentus Agaricus 319 Galactopus 318, 319 Mycena 319 sapidus Agaricus 305, 305 sarcitus Polyporus 110 Pyropolyporus 102, 110 sarmentosus Marasmius 286 Polymarasmius 286, 286 Sartwellii Polyporus 27 Satanas Boletus 151 scabellus Agaricus 287 503 504 scabellus Crinipellis 287, 287 Melanopus 63 Polyporus 55, 63 scaber Boletus 139 Ceriomyces 139 Gyroporus 139 Krombholzia 139 Leccinum 139 scabriceps Polyporus 54, 56 scabripes Boletus 148 Ceriomyces 137, 148 Prunulus 320, 331 scabriusculus Agaricus 359 Omphalia 359 scabrosus Polyporus 45 scalaris Polyporus 29 scarrosus Polyporus 26 Schomburgkii Lentinus 291 Schulzeri Polyporus 37 Schweinitzii Cladomeris 90 Phaeolus 90 Polyporus 90 Polystictus 90 sciophana Hydrocybe 376 sclerodermeus Polyporus 1/4 sclerodes Polyporus 11! scleromyces Polyporus 111 scorodonius Marasmius 281 scorteus Polyporus 75 scrobiculatus. Agaricus 179 Lactaria 174, 179 scutatus Coriolus 17, 25- Fomes 95, 96 scutellatus Polyporus 96 scyphoides Agaricus 345 Lentintus 289, 290 Omphalia 345 Omphalina 345 seetor Boletus 19 Coriolus 17, 19, 28, 100 semicaptus Agaricus 299 Geopetalum 298, 299 Pleurotus 299 semihaerens Agaricus 374 semihirtipes Marasmius 253, 274 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA semiovatus Boletus 98 semipileatus Polyporus 35 Tyromyces 31, 35 semiplicatus Polystictus 23 semisquarrosus Marasmius 272 semisupinus Agaricus 303 Pleurotus 303 Polyporus 34 Tyromyces 31, 34 semitectus Agaricus 302 Geopetalum 298, 302 Pleurotus 302 semiustus Marasmius 262 semivestipes Omphalia 334 Prunulus 321, 334 sensibilis Boletus 147 separans Boletus 142 sepium Coriolellus 28, 28 Trametes 28, 28 septicus Agaricus 299 Geopetalum 298, 299, 303 Pleurotus 299 Sequoiae Coriolellus 28, 29 Ganoderma 118, 119 Trametes 29 ‘Sequoiarum Omphalina 344, 347 serialis Coriolellus 28, 2) Polyporus 29 Trametes 29 sericea Hexagonia 25 sericeohirsutus Coriolus 17, 25, 27 Polyporus 25 sericeonitens Russula 205, 233 sericipes Marasmius 252, 268 serifuus Agaricus 199 Lactaria 175, 199 serissima Russula 202, 212 serotinoides Agaricus 304 serotinus Agaricus 304 Boletus 155 Crepidopus 304, 304 Hygrophorus 391, 392 Merulius 165 Omphalia 314 Omphalopsis 311, 314 Pleurotus 304 [VoLuME 9 Part 7, 1916] serpens Merulius 163, 163 serpentarius Polyporus 97 sessile Ganoderma 118, 120 setiger Lentinus 292 Poria 90 setipes Agaricus 351 Omphalina 351 setisedus’ Agaricus 419 Clitocybe 419 setulosipes Marasmius 250, 257 setulosus Gymnopus 354, 373 Shaferi Fuscoporella 6, 7 Shiraianus Polyporus 70 siccus Agaricus 283 Marasmius 254, 283 sienna Agaricus 420 Tricholoma 420 similis Hexagona 83 Pleurotus 305 ° simillima Collybia 362 Polyporus 94 Russula 203, 219 simulans Bjerkandera 42 Pocillaria 292 Polyporus 42 sinopicoides Clitocybe 407 sinopicus Agaricus 407 Clitocybe 397, 407, 419, 420 sinuatus Gymnopus 352, 357 sinuosus Irpex 15 siparius Lentinus 292 Sistotrema Boletus 143 sistotremoides Boletus 90 Phaeolus 90 Romellia 424 siticulosa Collybia 375 Smallii Tyromyces 30, 32 sobrius Coriolus 18, 26 Polyporus 26 socialis Agaricus 419 Clitocybe 419 soliformis Marasmius 251, 261 INDEX TO SPECIES 505 sordidulus Polyporus 81 sordidus Boletus 149 Ceriomyces 137, 149, 151 Hygrophorus 390, 391 Lactaria 183 Polyporus 33, 81, 101 Russula 202, 206 sororia Russula 236 sparsibarbis Lentinus 292 spathulatus Agaricus 300 Boletus 93 Coltricia 91, 93 speciosus Agaricus 72, 72 Boletus 144 Ceriomyces 137, 144 Hygrophorus 391, 393 Lactaria 174, 183 Laetiporus 72 Polypilus 72 spectabilis Boletinus 159, 160 Polyporus 90 sphaerosporus Agaricus 351 Boletus 154, 155 Camarophyllus 385, 386 Chanterel 168 Clitocybe 421 Hygrophorus 386 Monadelphus 420, 421 Omphalia 351 sphagnicola Agaricus 351 Omphalia 351 sphagnophila Omphalia 345 Russula 204, 230 spinuliferts Agaricus 360 splendens Agaricus 419 Clitocybe 419 Polyporus 92 splendidipes _Mycena 330 Prunulus 320, 330 Splitgerberi Flaviporellus 72 Polyporus 72, 7 spodoleucus Marasmius 238 spongia Polyporus 90 spongiosus Boletus 86 Marasmitus 252, 253, 272 Sistotrema 37 Spragueii Agaricus 374 Boletus 157, 151, 160 Polyporus 33 Tyromyces 31, 33 506 spretus Lentinus 296 Sprucei Daedalea 125, 125 spumeus Spongipellis 37 spurcus Polyporus &i squalida Russula 212 squamifolia Crinipellis 287, 288 squamiger Gymnopus 352, 356 squamosum Lentodium 294, 296, 296 squamosus Boletus 60 squamula Agaricus 277 Marasmius 253, 277, 286 squamulosus Agaricus 296, 406 Boletus 147, 147 Camarophyllus 385, 388 Clitocybe 406 Hygrophorus 388 Lentodium 296, 296 squarrosus Boletus 157 stellatus Agaricus 352 Omphalina 352 stenophyllus Hygrophorus 385 Marasmius 251, 262 stereinus Polyporus 46 stereocephalus Agaricus 374 stereoides Daedalea 124 Trametes 82 stipitarius Agaricus 287 Collybia 287 Polyporus 60 stipitata Clitocybe 397, 412 Fomes 122 Ganoderma 118, 122 stolonifer Collybia 375 straminipes Marasmius 254, 283 stratosus Pleurotus 300 striaepileus Agaricus 352 Omphalina 352 striatulus Agaricus 242 Favolus 48 Hexagona 47, 48 Lentinus 293 Pleurotus 242 Resupinatus 240, 242 striatus Agaricus 129 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA striatus Daedalea 129 Gloeophyllum 129, 129, 130 Heliomyces 247, 248 Lenzites 129 Sesia 129 stricta Russula 204, 224 strictipes Collybia 357 Gymnopus 352, 357, 375 strigellus Lentinus 289, 292 strigosus Agaricus 292 Lentinus 289, 292 Panus 293 strobilaceus Boletus 157 Eriocorys 157 Strobilomyces 157 strobiliformis Boletus 157 strobilinoides Mycena 337 Prunulus 321, 337 strombodes Agaricus 346 Omphalia 346 Omphalina 344, 346 stupens Lentinus 291 stupparius Agaricus 288 Crinipellis 287, 288 stuppea_ . Funalia 78, 79 Trametes 79 stygius Boletus 157 stylobates Agaricus 343 Marasmius 250, 257 Mycena 343 stypticus Agaricus 244 Panellus 244, 244 Panus 244 suaveolens Boletus 43 Polyporus 42, 43 Trametes 42, 43 suavissimus Lentinus 288, 289 subalbellus Gyroporus 133, 134 subalutacea Russula 204, 227 subaureus Boletus 154 Rostkovites 153, 154 subavellaneus Gymnopus 354, 372 Heliomyces 247, 248 Omphalopsis 311, 317 subbarbatulus Resupinatus 240, 241 subbarbatus Agaricus 242 [VOLUME 9 Part 7, 1916] subbarbatus Pleurotus 242 Resupinatus 240, 242 subbulbipes Clitocybe 397, 404 subcaespitosa Hydrocybe 377, 384 Hygrophorus 384 subcandicans Clitocybe 397, 412 subcantharelloides Panellus 244, 245 subcantharellus Agaricus 169 subcaperata Hexagona 48, 50 subcartilaginea Omphalina 344, 345 subcervinus Lentinus 292 subchartaceus Coriolus 17, 24 subcinereus Polyporus 40 subclavata Omphalia 347 Omphalina 344, 347, 351 subclavipes ; Clitocybe 397, 407 subcoeruleus Agaricus 323 subconcava Clitocybe 397, 408- subconnexa Clitocybe 396, 403 subcoracinus Marasmius 260 subcoriacea Cerrenella 73, 74 subcyathiformis Clitocybe 396, 401 Marasmius 252, 269 subdepallens Russula 204, 226 subdicolor Clitocybe 397, 411 subditopoda Clitocybe 397, 406 subdryophila Collybia 375 subdulcis Agaricus 198 Lactaria 175, 198 subectypus Coriolus 17, 22 subelatinum Geopetalum 298, 301 Urospora 303 subelegans Polyporus 55, 62 suberosus Boletus 40, 44, 80, 80 Piptoporus 44 subexcavatum Micromphale 307, 308 subferreus Fomes 95, 97 subflabellatus Panus 302 INDEX TO SPECIES subflavescens Gymnopus 354, 373 subflavida : Hydrocybe 377, 383 Hygrophorus 383 subflavifolius Gymnopus 353, 359 subflavus Polyporus 27 subflexibilis Polyporus 111 subfomentarius Fomes 114 subfornicatum Ganoderma 118, 121 subfragilis Russula 205, 233, 235 subfulvus Polyporus 45 subfumosipes Clitocybe 397, 411 subfumosus Prunulus 320, 328 subgiganteus Polyporus 69 subglaber Polystictus 81 subglabrescens Coriolopsis 1, 75, 77 subglabripes Boletus 148 Ceriomyces 137, 148 subglobosus Marasmius 250, 256 subgrisea Omphalia 318 subhaedinum Geopetalum 298, 302 subhepaticus Agaricus 318, 346 Omphalina 344, 346, 351 subhirtus Agaricus 404 Clitocybe 397, 404 subiculosus Fuscoporia 4, 4 Polyporus 4 subimmaculata Omphalopsis 311, 315 subincarnatus Agaricus 325 Mycena 325 Prunulus 320, 325 subincrustatum Ganoderma 118, 122 subinsulsa Lactaria 200 subinversa Clitocybe 398, 413 subinvolutus Agaricus 419 Clitocybe 419 sublatericius Gymnopus 354, 369 sublilacinus Coriolus 17, 25 Hapalopilus 80, 80 Mucronoporus 80 507 508 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 sublinteus Pyropolyporus 103, 110 sublivida Crinipellis 287, 287 subluteus Boletus 155 Coriolus 17, 19 Polyporus 19 submarmoreus Agaricus 403 Clitocybe 396, 403 submembranaceus Lentinus 293 subminiata Hydrocybe 377, 383 Hygrophorus 383 submulticeps Polymarasmius 286, 286 submurina Trametes 42, 43 subnigricans Clitocybe 396, 402 subnivosa Trametes 42, 43 subnivulosus Gymnopus 354, 372 subnudus Marasmius 252, 253, 271, 285 subolivascens Russula 203, 223 Polyporus 101 subpallidus Ceriomyces 137, 145 subpectinatus Pyropolyporus 102, 109 subpellucidus Agaricus 316 subpileatus Polyporus 97 subpilosus Marasmius 253, 275 subplexifolius Marasmius 251, 263 subpratensis Hygrophorus 391, 395 subpruinosus Marasmius 251, 266 subpulverulentus Prunulus 322, 339 subpunctipes Boletus 134 subpurpurascens Hexagona 48, 51 subpurpurea Lactaria 174, 187 subpustulatus Hygrophorus 394 subradicatus Scutiger 64, 66 subrenatum Amauroderma 115, 117 subrigua Collybia 375 subrotula Marasmius 250, 259 subrufescens Camarophyllus 385, 378 Hygrophorus 387 subrugosus Gymnopus 354, 368 subsanguineus Boletus 145 Ceriomyces 137, 145 subsapidus Crepidopus 304 subscyphoides Lentinus 289, 290 Omphalina 344, 348 subsepticum Geopetalum 299 subsericeus Polyporus 92 subserifiua Lactaria 198 subsimilis Clitocybe 419 subsimulans Bjerkandera 40, 42, 81 subsocialis Clitocybe 419 subsordida Russula 202, 206 subspodoides Heliomyces 247, 248 subsquamata Clitocybe 397, 406, 419 substereinus Rigidoporus 45, 46 substipitatus Coriolus 17, 22 substrigosus Lentinus 292 substuppeus Polyporus 40 Spongipellis 37, 40 subsulphurea Collybia 359 Gymnopus 352, 359 subtenerrimus Marasmius 250, 255 subtenuipes Prunulus 321, 334 subtomentosus Boletus 92, 149 Ceriomyces 137, 149 Daedalea 126 Lactaria 175, 195 Letcinum 149 Marasmius 253, 275 Rostkovites 149 Versipellis 149 Xerocomus 149 subusta Russula 202, 207 subvellerea Lactaria 173, 177 subvelutina Lactaria 175, 197 Russula 202, 210 subvelutipes Boletus 151 subvenosus Marasmius 277 subviolaceus Hygrophorus 391, 393 subzonalis Agaricus 408 succosus Agaricus 318 Galactopus 318, 318 Part 7, 1916] succosts Mycena 318 sudorifica Clitocybe 418,419 suffrutescens Lentinus 296 sulcatipes Marasmius 251, 259 Russula 204, 225 sulcatus Fomes 97 Ganoderma 118, 120 Lentinus 289, 291 sulfureoides Agaricus 309 Pleurotus 309 Sullivantii Boletus 151 Lentinus 294 Marasmius 286 Panus 247, 376 Polyporus 19 sulpburatus Polyporus 72 sulphureus Boletus 72 Clitocybe 420 Marasmius 286 Polypilus 72 Polyporus 72 Sumstinet Grifola 68, 68 Lactaria 175, 194 superficialis Boletus 6 supinus Boletus 100, 101 Fomitella 1, 101, 101 surinamensis Polyporus 46 Rigidoporus 45, 46 Sutliffae Marasmius 252, 273 Swartzianus Polyporus 77 Swartzii Lentinus 291 Omphalia 314 sylvaticus Agaricus 234 symphyton Sistotrema 27 synodicus Agaricus 257 Marasmius 250, 257 syringeus Prunulus 322, 341 tabacinus Boletus 144 Ceriomyces 137, 144 Cerrenella 73 Irpex 73, 73 tabulaeformis Polyporus 90 Tagetes Agaricus 313 tageticolor Marasmius 252, 267 Tanghiniae Lentinus 293 INDEX TO SPECIES 509 tardus Agaricus 420 Clitocybe 420 Taxodii Hexagona 52 Taylori Coriolopsis 74, 76 telmatida Omphalia 317 tenacella Collybia 375 tenebrarum Marasmius 251, 260 tenebricosa Clitocybe 396, 402 tener Lentinus 291 Marasmius 286 Polyporus 24 tenerrimus Agaricus 322 Marasmius 262 Mycena 322 Prunulus 319, 322 tenuiceps Russula 425 tenuiculus Boletus 151 Prunulus 321, 334 tenuifolius Gymnopus 352, 358 tenuipes Agaricus 361 Collybia 361, 376 Gymnopus 353, 354, 361 Russula 203, 219 tenuis Boletus &3 Favolus 83, 83 Hexagona 83 Lenzites 128 tepeitensis Omphalina 344, 348 tephroleucus Hygrophorus 396 terebrans Bjerkandera 40, 42 Polyporus 42 terrestris Heliomyces 247, 247 Pleurotus 309 tessellatula Hexagona 48, 50 tessellatus Agaricus 309 Pleurotus 309 testaceoflava Clitocybe 398, 416 testaceus Agaricus 195 Prunultis 322, 341 texanus Inonotus 86, 88 Pyropolyporus 102, 104 texensis Agaricus 356 Collybia 356 Gymnopus 352, 356 theiogalus Agaricus 187 510 theiogalus Lactaria 174, 187 theobromicola Marasmits 250, 255 thujinus Marasmius 254, 281 Thwaitesii Hexagona 8&3 tigrinus Agaricus 296 Lentinus 296 Lentodium 296, 296, 308 tiliophila Tyromyces 31, 33 tintinnabulum Agaricus 343 Mycena 343 tomentellus Marasmius 286 tomentipes Boletus 149 Ceriomyces 137, 149 tomentosipes Marasmius 253, 278 tomentoso-quercinus Polyporus 37 tomentosus Agaricus 179, 179 Coltricia 91, 93 Mucronoporus 93 Onnia 93 Pelloporus 93 Polyporus 93 Xanthochrous 93 torminosus Agaricus 178 Hypophyllum 192 Lactaria 174, 178 tornata Elfvingia 113, 115 Polyporus 115 tortipes Gymnopus 353, 361 Marasmius 251, 264 tortuosa Daedalea 124 torulosus Agaricus 289 Panus 289 trabeus Agaricus 129 Daedalea 129 Gloeophyllum 129, 129 Lenzites 129 trachyodon Hydnum 74 trachypus Polyporus 62 translucens Heliomyces 247, 247 translucentipes Omphalopsis 310, 312 tremelliforme Geopetalum 298, 302 tremulus Agaricus 303 Pleurotus 303 Tricholoma Polyporus 55, 60 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VOLUME 9 trichomalla Funalia 79 Polyporus 79, 79 Trichaptum 79 trichopus Agaricus 374 trichrous Polyporus 37 tridentinus Boletus 156 triqueter Polyporus 93 trivialis Agaricus 181 Lactaria 174, 181 troglodytes Panus 295 trojana Clitocybe 398, 416 Hydrocybe 377, 383 Hygrophorus 383 Marasmius 251, 263 Prunulus 322, 339 tropicalis Fomes @ Fomitiporia 8, 8 trullisatipes Marasmius 252, 273 trullisatus Agaricus 407 Clitocybe 397, 407 Gymnopus 353, 367 truncicola Agaricus 398 Clitocybe 396, 398 Tsugae Ganoderma 118, 118 tsugina Fomitiporia 8, 9 tuba Agaricus 420 Clitocybe 420 Polyporus 54, 57 tubaeformis Agaricus 296 Elvela 168 Omphalia 351 tubarius + Lentinus 289, 291 tuberculosum Ganoderma 118, 123 tuberosus Agaricus 355 Boletus 151 Collybia 355, 374 Gymnopus 352, 353, 355 Scutiger 64 tuber-regium Lentinus 288 tubiformis Merulius 168 Tulipiferae Boletus 15 Irpex 15 Irpiciporus 15 tumulosus Agaricus 420 Clitocybe 420 Part 7, 1916] turbinatus Agaricus 387 Omphalopsis 310, 313 Turci Russula 204, 232 turpis Agaricus 183 Lactaria 174, 183, 200, 374 ulmarius Agaricus 307 Micromphale 307, 307 Pleurotus 307 Ulmi Polyporus 54, 60 umbellatus Boletus 69 Cladomeris 69 Lentinus 295 Polyporus 69 umbelliferus Agaricus 345 Omphalina 344, 345 umbilicatus Agaricus 352, 399, 399 Lentinus 288, 289 -Omphalina 352 umbonatus Chanterel 170 Collybia 369 Gymnopus 354, 369 Marasmius 252, 273 Merulius 170 Polystictus 24 Pleurotus 309 wmbrina Collybia 376 Schizophyllus 237 umbrinella Fomitiporella 12, 13 Poria 12, 13 umbrosus Boletus 150 unakensis Gymnopus 353, 366 uncialis _ Russula 205, 232 Underwoodii Boletus 151 Lentinus 294 Marasmius 251, 260 Pyropolyporus 102, 106 Polyporus 55, 61 undigerus Polyporus 22 undosus Polyporus 34 Tyromyces 31, 34 undulatus Boletus 40 Fomitiporia 8, 10 Polyporus 40 Peziza 168 unguicularis Microporellus 53, 53 Polystictus 53 ungulatus Boletus 98 Fomes 95, 98 unguliformis Lenzites 127 INDEX TO SPECIES unicolor Boletus 37, 124, 151 Cerrena 124, 124 Daedalea 124 Hexagona 83 Polyporus 37 Spongipellis 37, 37 Trametes 37 uniformis Collybia 365 _ Gymnopus 353, 365 ursinits Agaricus 246 Lentinus 246 Panellus 244, 246 uvidus Agaricus 184 Lactaria 184 Vaillantii Marasmius 286 Valenzuelianus Polyporus 101 Vanderbiltianus Boletus 140 Ceriomyces 136, 140 varia Lactaria 175, 190 variabilis Clitocybe 397, 411 variata Russula 203, 216, 236 variegatus Favolus 83, 83 Hexagona 83 Lenzites 127 variicolor Hygrophorus 391, 394 variiformis Polyporus 29 variiporus Polyporus 55, 60 variipes Boletus 142 variolosus Hygrophorus 390 vellereus Agaricus 177 Lactaria 173, 177 Lentinus 293 velutina Collybia 376 Lentinus 289, 292 Panus 292 velutipes Agaricus 361 Collybia 361 Favolus 52 Gymnopus 353, 354, 361 Marasmius 253, 275 Venezuelae Polyporus 101 venosts Agaricus 273 veuntricosa Collybia 396 ventricosipes Russula 203, 215 Verae-Crucis Lentinus 246 Phaeolopsis 73 511 512 Verae-Crucis Polyporus 73, 73 verecundus Polyporus 36 vermiculosus Boletus 151 vernicosus Polyporus 62 verrucosa Lenzites 131 versicolor Boletus 18 Coriolus 16, 18, 28 Polyporus 18 versicutis Polyporus 33 Tyromyces 31, 33 versipellis Boletus 139 vesca Russula 236 vestida Pocillaria 292 vestita Omphalia 345 veternosa Russula 203, 219 vexans Mycena 329 Prunulus 320, 329 vialis Clitocybe 397, 413 Heliomyces 425 Lenzites 129 F Marasmius 253, 276 vibratilis Coriolopsis 75, 76 Polyporus 76 vietus Agaricus 182 Lactaria 200 vilescens Agaricus 409 Clitocybe 397, 409 villosus Boletus 78 Favolus 78 Funalia 78, 78 Lactaria 178 Lentinus 291 Merulius 168 Polyporus 78 vinacea Russula 203, 217 vinosus Nigroporus 85 Polyporus 85, 85 Russula 225 violacea Daedalea 127 violaceifolia Clitocybe 398, 414 violaceofulvens Agaricus 24] Resupinatus 240, 241 violaceofulvus Panus 241 virens Agaricus 406 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoruME 9 virens Clitocybe 397, 406 virescens Agaricus 209 Russula 202, 209 virgatulus Hygrophorus 391, 393 virgatus Polyporus 54, 56 virgineus Agaricus 386 Boletus 16 Camarophyllus 385, 386 Hygrophorus 386 virginianus Gymnopus 352, 357 viridarius Boletus 155 viride Chlorophyllum 172 Neurophyllum 172, 172 viridella — Russula 202, 210 viridifuscus Marasmius 251, 264 viridigriseus Prunulus 322, 340 viridipes Russula 236 viridis Agaricus 406 viscidus Boletus 139, 156 Ceriomyces 136, 139 viscosus Boletus 153, 153 vitellina Russula 236 viticola Fuscoporia 3, 4 Marasmius 286 Polyporus 4, 6 Xerotus 164 vitilis Agaricus 343 Mycena 343 vittata Coriolopsis 75, 76 Hexagona 76 volemus Agaricus 195 Lactaria 195 Volkertii Gymnopus 353, 365 Omphalia 347 Omphalina 344, 347 volvatus Polyporus 94, 94 Cryptoporus 94 vulgaris Agaricus 326 Mycena 326 Prunulus 320, 326 vulpinus Agaricus 246 Lentinus 246 Panellus 244, 246 washingtonensis Clitocybe 397, 411 Part 7, 1916] washingtonensis Marasmius 252, 254, 270 Whetstoneae Clitocybe 396, 398 Whiteae Scutiger 64, 67 Wilsonii Hexagona 49 Inonotus 86, 89 Marasmius 251, 261 Wrightii ~ Chanterel 167, 170 Lentinus 292 Panus 245 Polyporus 55, 61 xalapensis Polyporus 27 xanthogalacta Lactaria 187 xanthophyllus Agaricus 346 xanthopilus Agaricus 374 GENERAL INDEX 513 xerampelinus Agaricus 208 Russula 202, 208 xuchilensis Gymnopus 354, 373 xylopodius Lentinus 295 yucatanensis Pyropolyporus 102, 106 Zippelii Agaricus 303 Pleurotus 303 zonalis Polyporus 46 zonaria Lactaria 200 zonatus Agaricus 287 Crinipellis 287, 287, 375 Daedalea 126 Ganoderma 118, 120 Polyporus 16 GENERAL INDEX Page numbers indicating place of description are in bold face type, and those indicating synonymy are in italic, while those in ordinary type refer to keys and incidental mention. Abortiporus 64 distortus 64 Agaricaceae 163 Agaricanae 237 Agariceae 163, 237 Agaricon 101 Agaricus 101 abietinus 300 abscondens 307 abundans 367 acervatus 362 acicula 342 acris 176 adirondackensis 401 Adonis 342 adustus 206, 207, 207 densifolius 206 Aesculi 126 alboflavus 346 albo-umbilicatus 399 alcalinus 342 alectorolophoides 169 a'gidus 243 alliatus 281 alneus 237, 237 alphitophorus 339 alutaceus 231 roseipes 227 amabillissimus 324 amarus 176 amictus 342 androsaceus 282, 284 angustissimus 417 anisarius 406 anomalus 300 anthiceps 316 apertus 400 Agaricus applicatus 240, 242 archyropus 270 aspideus 184 atratoides 363 atratus 364 atroalboides 329 atrocoeruleus 240 aurantiacus 169 aurantiellus 361 auratocephalus 387, 417 Austini 312 azonites 194, 194 barbatulus 240 behringensis 317 Benzonii 310 Bertieri 291 betulina 127 bifida 215 Blakei 298 boletiformis 130 Boryanus 370 brumalis 406, 406 buccinalis 345 bulbosus 142 caespitosus 420 californiensis 342 calopus 282 calyx 293 campanellus 310, 313 camphoratus 198 camptophyllus 317 candicans 399, 399 candidissimus 298 cantharelloides 168 Cantharellus 388 caprinus 390 514 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 Agaricus carneolus 351 carneotomentosus 289 carnosus 358 caryophylleus 271 catephes 302 catinus 402 caulicinalis 278, 278, 287 caveatus 305 cayennensis 361 centenarius 312, 317 ceraceus 378 cerasinus 384 cerinus 361 cerussatus 417 chama 296 Chantarellus 167, 169 chioneus 303 chlorocyanus 318 chlorophanus 378 chondripes 350 chryseus 346 chrysodon 390, 391 chrysoleucus 351 chrysophyllus 346 ciliatulus 309 cilicioides 179 cinnabarinus 170 circellatus 181 circinatus 308 cirratus 374 citricolor 316 -citrinellus 342 celavicularis 330 clavilaris 328 clavipes 410 coccineus 380, 380 cochleatus 295 cohaerens 360, 360 coloreus 359 columbanus 417 commiscibilis 306 compressipes 408 concavus 409 conchatus 289 conferruminatus 342 confiuens 269, 295 confragosus 126 conicus 379 conigenoides 356 conigenus 375 connatipes 326 connatus 306 connexus 401 constans 327 cornucopioides 295, 305 corticalis 328 corticola 328 cossus 395 craspedius 308 cremoraceus 359 crentlatus 249, 310 crinitus 179, 291 cyanipes 317 eyanoxanthus 217 cyathiformis 406, 406, 409, 409 cymbaliferus 331 cyphellaeformis 303 dealbatus 398 Agaricus debilis 342 decolorans 225 delectabilis 323 delicatellus 354 deliciosus 186 denticulatus 294, 332 detersibilis 363 dicolor 406 difformis 417 discretus 309, 342, 425 ditopus 417 Dorotheae 375 daryophilus 362 eburneus 391 ectypoides 417 ectypus 417 elatinus 303 elegans 343 elephantinus 206 elixus 417 emeticus 201, 234, 235. epichysium 347 epipbyllus 277 epipterygius 335 erubescens 417 esculentoides 359 eugrammus 243 euspeireus 316 excavatus 308, 308 exsculptus 359 facifer 421 familia 365 fibula 314 fibuloides 313 filopes 343 fimbriatus 307 flabellatus 303 flabelliformis 289, 289 flaccidus 417 flammeus 381 flavellus 256, 349 flavidellus 404 flavolanatus 302 flexuosus 180 fluxilis 303 foetens 214 foliolum 165 fragilis 233, 233, 313, 313 fragrans 417 fuliginosus 194 fulvosus 387 fumosus 409 furcatus 215 fuscifrons 308 fuscolilacinus 364 fuscopurpurets 272 galericulatus 336 gallinaceus 418 galopus 319 geotropus 418 Gerardianus 347, 418 giganteus 418 gilvus 407 glandulosus 306 glyciosmus 193 gracillimus 351 graminum 283 griseus 222, 222, 318 Part 7, 1916] Agaricus gynaecogalus 199 haedinus 301 haematocephalus 267 haematopus 318, 319 helvus 191 hemileucus 266 hemiphlebius 305 hemispilus 293 heterophyllus 216 Hilairianus 361 hirneolus 418 hirsutus 130 hirtus 293 Hobsoni 303 Hoffmani 418 hygrophoroides 363 hypothejus 394 hysginus 181 ichoratus 196 illudens 420, 421 immaculatus 312 inconstans 289 indigo 187 . infundibuliformis 408 insulsus 180 integer 228 integrellus 351 intertextus 328 inversus 407 jocephalus 271 Tris 343 jozzolus 391 juniperinus 125 Kermesinus 350, 350 labyrinthiformis 125 lachnophyllus 360 lacteus 209, 343, 391 lactifluus 195 lactifluus-dulcis 198 Jacunosus 359 laetus 380 languidus 276 lapidescens 317 latifolius 327 Leaianus 333 leiopus 374, 375 lentinoides 360 lepideus 296 leptocephalus 343 leptolomus 400 leptophyllus 325 lilacifolius 346 lilacinus 343, 346, 346 liliputianus 239 limacinus 395 limonium 358 limpidus 303 lineatus 343 Listeri 176, 176 lividorubescens 184 lobulatus 245 longipes 352, 366 luteo-olivaceus 359 luteopallens 325 luteus 224 lycoperdoides 425, 425 lycoperdonoides 166 maculatus 358, 358 GENERAL INDEX Agaricus maculosus 407, 407 mastrucatus 243 maurus 363 maximus 418 Meliigena 324 melleus 362 metachrous 406 metapodius 390 metatus 343 Micheneri 306, 351 microscopicus 317 miniatus 380 minutulus 323, 323 miratus 327 mitis 303 monadelphus 421 montanus 347 mugnaius 391 multifidus 237 muralis 351 murinus 375 muscigenus 165 muscoides 170 mutilis 306 myriadophyllus 363 nauseosus 232 nebularis 418 necator 179, 183, 183 niger 242 nigrescens 206 nigricans 206, 207 nigripes 277 nigrita 373 nitratus 390 niveus 233, 233, 377 oculus 367 odorifer 324 odorus 406 oedematopus 195 olearius 421 olivarius 314 olivascens 223, 223 omphalomorphus 294 oniscus 351 opacus 418 oreades 271 ostreatus 304 paluster 331 patuloides 417 pelianthinus 332 pelliculosus 243 peltigerinus 405 perforans 277 pergamenus 176 peronatus 271 perpusillus 303 petaloides 300 phyllophilus 402 physcopodius 358 pileolarius 418 pilosus 246 pilularius 365 piniarius 418 pinophilus 408 pinsitus 303 piperatus 176, 176 pithyophilus 399 planus 303 515 Agaricus platyphyllus 367 plinthogalus 194 poculum 409 polygrammus 343 pometi 306 porphyrellus 418 porrigens 300 praeceps 374 praefoliatus 367 praelongus 330 prasiosmus 269 pratensis 387 pruinosus 419 pseudopurus 343 psittacinus 380 pubescens 299, 299 pudorinus 393 pulcherrimus 326 pulvinatus 306 puniceus 381 purpurascens 396 purpureofuscus 333 purus 332 putredinis 306 pyrogalus 178 pyxidatus 346, 346 quercinus 125, 125 quietus 188 racodium 243 radiatus 237 radicatellus 323 radicatus 366 radiozonarius 419 radius 343 ramealis 279 repens 367 resimus 179 rheicolor 361 Rhododendri 311 rhyssosporus 318 rivulosus 419 roridulus 339 roridus 317 rosellus 324, 324 roseocandidus 323 roseo-violascens 184 rotula 282 ruber 218, 228 rubescentifolius 359 rubromarginatus 343 rufus 192 rugosodiscus 318 rugosus 343 rusticanus 178 rusticus 347 saepiarius 130 salignus 306 sanguineus 221, 350, 350 sanguinolentus 319 sapidus 305, 305 scabellus 287 scabriusculus 359 scrobiculatus 179 scyphoides 345 semicaptus 299 semihaerens 374 semisupinus 303 semitectus 302 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA Agaricus septicus 299 serifuus 199 serotinoides 304 serotinus 304 setipes 351 setisedus 419 siccus 283 sienna 420 sinopicus 407 socialis 419 spathulatus 300 speciosus 72, 72 sphaerosporus 351 sphagnicola 351 spinuliferus 360 splendens 419 Spragueii 374 squamulosum 296, 406 squamulus 277 stellatus 352 stereocephalus 374 stipitarius 287 striaepileus 352 striatulus 242 striatus 129 strigosus 292 strombodes 346 stupparius 288 stylobates 343 stypticus 244 subbarbatus 242 subcantharellus 169 subcoeruleus 323 subdulcis 198 subhepaticus 318, 346 subhirtus 404 subincarnatus 325 subinvolutus 419 submarmoretus 403 subpellucidus 316 subzonalis 408 succosus 318 sulfureoides 309 sylvaticus 234 synodicus 257 Tagetes 313 tardus 420 tenerrimus 322 tenuipes 361 tessellatus 309 testaceus 195 texensis 356 theiogala 187 tigrinum 29 tint nnabulum 343 tomentosus 179, 179 torminosus 178 torulosus 289 trabeus 129 tremulus 303 trichopus 374 trivialis 181 trullisatus 407 truncicola 398 tuba 420 tubaeformis 296 tuberosus 355 tumulosus 420 [VoLUME 9 Part 7, 1916] Agaricus turbinatus 387 turpis 183 ulmarius 307 umbelliferus 345 umbilicatus 352, 399, 399 ursinus 246 uvidus 184 _ vellereus 177 velutipes 361 venosus 273 vietus 182 vilescens 409 violaceofulvens 241 virens 406 virescens 209 virgineus 386 viridis 406 vitilis 343 volemus 195 vulgaris 326 vulpinus 246 xanthophyllus 346 xanthopilus 374 xerampelinus 208 Zippelii 303 zonatus 287 Agaricus § Clitocybe 396 Agaricus § Collybia 352 Agaricus § Crepidopus 304 Agaricus § Hiatula 309 Agaricus § Micromphale 425 Agaricus § Mycena 319 Agaricus § Omphalia 310 Agaricus § Resupinatus 240 Albatrellus 64 Amanita - furcata 215 rubra 234 Amauroderma 1, 3, 115 avellaneum 115, 116 Chaperi 115, 116 coffeatum 115, 116 flaviporum 115, 116 nutans 115, 117 regulicolor 115, 116 renatum 115, 117 subrenatum 115, 117 Androsaceus corrugatus 342 glaucopus 268 Myrciae 339 Antrodia 2, 82 mollis 82, 82 Apus 237. Armillaria 297 alphitophylla 390 mellea exannulata 421 Asterophora 166, 166 clavus 166 lycoperdoides 166, 166 Asterosperma agaricoides 166 Aurantiporellus 2, 70 alboluteus 70 Aurantiporus 2, 71 Pilotae 72 Basidopus 319 Bjerkandera 1, 40 GENERAL INDEX Bjerkandera adusta 40, 40 albostygia 40, 41 fragrans 41 fumosa 40, 41 puberula 40, 41 simulans 42 subsimulans 40, 42, 81 terebrans 40, 42 Boletaceae 133 Boletellus 133, 156 Ananas 156 Boletinellus 133, 158 castanellus 158, 158 merulioides 158, 158 paluster 158, 158 Boletinus 133, 159 appendiculatus 159, 160 Berkeleyi 159, 159 borealis 161 castanellus 158 cavipes 159, 159, 161 decipiens 159 glandulosus 156 grisellus 159, 159 paluster 158 pictus 159, 160 porosus 158 spectabilis 159, 160 Boletopsis 159 Boletus 133, 154 abietinus 27 acidus 155 adustus 40 crispus 40 aertginascens 156 Aesculi-flavae 126 affinis 142 albellus 138 albidus 34 alboater 135 albus 153 alutaceus 149 alveolarius 63 alveolatus 152 amabilis 154, 155 americanus 154 ampliporus 159 Ananas 156, 156 annulatus 155 arcularius 59 Atkinsoni 142 aurantiacus 139 auriflammeus 141 auripes 142 auriporus 140 badiceps 150 Bakeri 150 Betula 138 betulinus 44 bicolor 147 brevipes 153 brumalis 56 caesius 34 caespitosus 140 earpineus 40 castaneus 134 caudicinus 60 cavipes 159, 159 517 Boletus cervinus 26 chamaeleontinus 151 chromapes 139 chrysenteron 150 cinerascens 27 cinnabarinus 71, 71 cinnamomeus I circinans 153 citrinus 72 Clintonianus 154, 155 coccineus 71, 157 collinitus 153 communis 149, 150 conchatus 108 conchifer 16, 16 confluens 92 confragosus 126 conicus 140 coniferus 157 constrictus 133 coriaceus 92 crassipes 142, 149 crinitus &4 cubensis 150 Curtisii 143 eyanescens 133 Dartmouthi 151 decipiens 124, 159, 159 decorus 142 dichrous 147 dictyocephalus 150 distortus 64, 64 eccentricus 150 edulis 142 elbensis 156 elegans 62 esculentus 142 exasperatus 59 eximius 141 fasciatus 114 felleus 134 ferruginatus 143 ferrugineus 134 ferruginosus 3, 5 fibrosus &4 firmus 151 fistulosus 143 flavidus 154 flavipes 148, 148 flaviporus 140 flavus 86 . flexuosipes 138 fomentarius 113 fraternus 150 fraxineus 96 frondosus 68, 69 Frostii 152 frustulosus 138 fuliginosus 82 fulvus 98, 103, 150 fumosipes 149 fumosus 41 fuscoporus 40 gilvus &J glabellus 147 gracilis 135 granulatus 153 graveolens 112, 112 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA Boletus griseus 138 guadelupensis 146 hemichrysus 1/41 hirsutus 24, 24, 86 hirtellus 154 hispidus 86 hydnatinus 84 hydnoides 84, 84 igniarius 98, 101, 103 ignoratus 150 illudens 145 imberbis 41 incarnatus 27 indecisus 135 inflexus 143 innixus 140 jsabellinus 40, 156 juglandinus 12 lacteus 133 lactifluus 153 laricinus 156 Laricis 99 lateralis 158 leprosus 142 leptocephalus 151 lignatilis 151 limatulus 142 luridus 151, 151 luteus 154, 155, 156 magnisporus 151 marginatus 98 membranaceus 23 microporus 100 miniato-olivaceus 147 modestus 134 Morgani 138 Morrisii 153 multipunctus 148 Murraii 160 mutabilis 151 nebhulosus 151 nigrellus 135 nigromarginatus 24 niveus 139 nobilis 142 nummularis 62 officinalis 99 ornatipes 146 pallidus 147 paluster 158 parasiticus /4/ parvus 153 pavonius 25 Peckii 144. pelleporus 40 perennis 92 pictus 160 Pini 111, 111 pinicola 98 piperatus 143 Pocono 151 Polyporus 56 populinus 99 pubescens 18 punctipes 153 purgans 99 radiatus 90 radicans 153, 153 [VoLUME 9 Part 7, 1916] GENERAL INDEX 519 Boletus - Boletus radicosus 151 Underwoodii 151 ramosissimus 69 undulatus 40 Ravenelii 156, 15 ungulatus 98 resinosus 82 unicolor 37, 124, 151 resupinatus 101 Vanderbiltianus 140 reticulatus 83, 83 variipes 142 retipes 146 vermiculosus 151 Ribis 108 versicolor 18 rimosellus 151 versipellis 139 robustus /41, 141, 151 villosus 78 roseotinctus 144 virgineus 16 roseus 95 viridarius 155 Roxanae 148 viscidus 139, 156 rubeolarius 151 viscosus 153, 153 rubeus 147 Bresadolia tubiginosus &2 Mangiferae 131 rubinellus 152 Caloporus 64 rubropunctus 143 Camarophyllus 297, 385 rugosiceps 148 albipes 385, 388 Russellii 137 albo-umbonatus 385, 390 rutilans 80 angustifolius 385, 386 salicinus 108, 108 auratocephalus 385, 387, 390, 417 salmonicolor 155 basidiosus 385, 389 sanguineus 71 borealis 385, 385 Satanas 15] Burnhami 385, 389 scaber 139 caespitosus 385, 387 scabripes 148 Cantharellus 385, 388 sector 19 caprinus 385, 390 semiovatus 98 cremicolor 385, 389 sensibilis 147 fulvosus 385, 387, 395, 417 separans 142 nigridius 385, 389 serotinus 155 niveus 377 Sistotrema 143 obconicus 385, 386 sistotremoides 90 pallidus 385, 386 sordidus 149 Peckianus 385, 389 spathulatus 93 pratensis 387 speciosus 144 recurvatus 385, 388 sphaerosporus 154, 155 Spongiosus 86 Spraguei 151, 151, 160 sphaerosporus 385, 386 squamulosus 385, 388 subrufescens 385, 387 squamosus 60 virgineus 385, 386 squamulosus 147, 147 Cantarellus 167 squarrosus 157 Cantharellus 167 strobilaceus 157 Ceriomyces 133, 136 strobiliformis 157 affinis 136, 142 stygius 157 alabamensis 137, 146 suaveolens 43 albellus 136, 138 subaureus 154 Atkinsonianus 136, 144 suberosus 40, 44, 80, 80 auriflammeus 136, 141 subglabripes 148 auriporus 136, 140 subluteus 155 Betula 136, 138 subpunctipes 134 bicolor 137, 147 subsanguineus 145 chromapes 136, 139 subtomentos s 92, 149 communis 137, 150, 150 subvelutipes 151 conicus 136, 140 Sullivantii 151 crassus 136, 142, 150, 151 sulphureus 72 Curtisii 136, 143 superficialis 6 eximius 136, 141 supinus 100, 101 ferruginatus 136, 143 tabacinus /44 flaviporus 136, 140 tenuiculus 151 frustulosus 136, 138 tenuis 83 fumosipes 137, 149 tomentipes 149 griseorosetts 136, 139 tridentinus 156 griseus 136, 138 guadelupensis 137, 146, 150 hemichrysus 136, 141 Housei 137, 145 illudens 137, 145 tuberosus 151 Tulipiferae 15 umbellatus 69 umbrosus 150 520 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 9 Ceriomyces inflexus 136, 143 jujubinus procerus 149 Maxoni 137, 146 mexicanus 79 miniato-olivaceus 137, 147 pallidus 137, 147 parasiticus 136, 141 Peckii 137, 144 piperatus 143 retipes 137, 146 Roxanae 137, 148 Russellii 136, 137 scaber 139 scabripes 137, 148 sordidus 137, 149, 151 speciosus 137, 144 subglabripes 137, 148 subpallidus 137, 145 subsanguineus 137, 145 subtomentosus 137, 149 tabacinus 137, 144 tomentipes 137, 149 Vanderbiltianus 136, 140 ' viscidus 136, 139 Cerioporus 54 Cerrena 1, 3, 124 stereoides 124, 124 unicolor 124, 124 Cerrenella 2, 73 coriacea 74 farinacea 73, 74 Ravenelii 73, 73 subcoriacea 73, 74 tabacina 73 Chanterel 163, 166, 167, 294 alectorolophoides 167, 169 alveolaris 48 aplorutis 166 aurantiacus 169 behringensis 167, 167 brevipes 171 bryophilus 166 candidus 163 Chantarellus 167, 169 cibarius 169 cinereus 168 cinnabarinus 167, 170, 384 crispus 164 dichotomus 170 flabelliformis 164 flavescens 169 floccosus 167, 168, 171 infundibuliformis 167, 168 leucophaeus 168 lignatilis 171 lutescens 168 mexicanus 167, 171 minor 167, 169 Morgani 167, 170 multiplex 171, 171 muscigenus 165, 165 muscoides 167, 170 ochraceus 171 olivaceus 172, 172 Petersii 167, 168 princeps 168 pruinosus 167, 167 pulchrifolius 167, 167 Chanterel Ravenelii 169 retirugus 166 rosellus 167, 170 sphaerosporus 168 tubaeformis lutescens 168 umbonatus 170 Wrightii 167, 170 Chantereleae 163 Chlorophyllum 163, 172, 298 viride 172 Cladomeris 68 ramosissima 69 Schweinitzii 90 umbellata 69 Claudopus byssisedoides 302 Clitocybe 166, 297, 352, 374, 396 adirondackensis 396, 401, 417 albicastanea 391 albidula 396, 400 albiformis 397, 412 albo-umbilicata 399 angustissima 417 aperta 396, 400 aquatica 421 atrialba 398, 415 avellaneialba 398, 414 basidiosa 389 biformis 308 Broadwayi 398, 416 brumalis 406 brunnescens 398, 415 caespitosa 417 candens 396, 399 candida 417 carnosior 410 catina 396, 402 centralis 400 cerussata 417 chrysocephala 387, 417, clavipes 397, 410 coloradensis 397, 410 columbana 417 compressipes 397, 408 concava 397, 409, 420 connexa 396, 401 cuticolor 398, 413 dealbata 396, 398, 418, 419 sudorifica 419 dicolor 397, 406 difformis 417 ditopus 417 Earlei 397, 410 eccentrica 396, 399 ectypa 417 ectypoides 417 elephantina 397, 405 elixa 417 erubescens 417 farinacea 396, 401 fellea 396, 404 flaccida 417 flavidella 397, 404 fragrans 417 fumosa 397, 409 fuscipes 396, 400 gallinacea 418 geotropa 418 Part 7, 1916] GENERAL INDEX 521 Clitocyhe Clitocybe Gerardiana 347, 418 subconcava 397, 408 gigantea 418 subconnexa 396, 403 griseifolia 398, 415 subcyathiformis 396, 401 Harperi 398, 415 subdicolor 397, 411 hiemalis 397, 406 subditopoda 397, 406 hirneola 418 subfumosipes 397, 411 Hoffmani 418 subhirta 397, 404 hondensis 398, 413 subinversa 398, 413 illudens 421 subinvoluta 419 incrustata 398, 416 submarmorea 396, 403 infundibuliformis 397, 408 subnigricans 396, 402 inversa 397, 407, 419 subsimilis 419 lactariiformis 397, 409 subsocialis 4 9 leptoloma 396, 400 subsquamata 397, 406, 419 marginata 421 sudorifica 418, 419 maxima 418 sulphurea 420 media 397, 410 tarda 420 megalospora 366, 418 tenebricosa 396, 402 metachroa 397, 406 testaceoflava 398, 416 mexicana 398, 416 trojana 398, 416 microspora 397, 411 trullisata 397, 407 monadelpha 421 truncicola 396, 398 morbifera 418 tuba 420. multiceps 397, 405 tumulosa 420 multiformis 397, 405 variabilis 397, 411 murinifolia 398, 414 vialis 397, 413 nebularis 396, 418 vilescens 397, 409 niveicolor 398, 415 violaceifolia 398, 414 nobilis 397, 404 virens 397, 406 oculata 398, 414 washingtonensis 397, 411 opaca 418 Whetstoneae 396, 398 oreades 398, 414 Collopus 319 oregonensis 397, 412 Collybia 247, 352 Overholstii 396, 403 abundans 367 parasitica 42] acervata 362 parvula 396, 403 alba 355 Peckii 397, 412 albidula 370 _ peltigerina 397, 405 albipilata 366 phyllophila 396, 402 albogrisea 368 phyllophiloides 396, 401 alcalinolens 367 piceina 418 aquosa adnatifolia 374, 420 pileolaria 418 asema 374, 375 piniaria 418 atrata 364 pinophila 397, 408 atratoides 363 pithyophila 396, 399 Boryana 370 porphyrella 418 brunnescens 374 priinosa 419 butyracea 374 pulcherrima 397, 404 campanella 374 pusilla 397, 411 cirrata 374, 375 radiozonaria 419 clavus 374 rancidula 419 clusilis 374 regularis 396, 399 collina 375 revoluta 420 confluens 269, 375 rivulosa 419 conigena 375 Robinsoniae 396, 400 conigenoides 356 robusta 396, 403, 417 cyanocephala 354 rugosipes 397, 413 delicatella 354 setiseda 419 detersibilis 363 sinopica 397, 407, 419, 420 discipes 364 sinopicoides 407 Dorotheae 375 socialis 419 dryophila 362 sphaerospora 421 esculenta 375 splendens 419 estensis 375 squamulosa 406 expallens 363 stipitata 397, 412 exsculpta 359 subbulbipes 397, 404 familia 365 subcandicans 397, 412 fimicola 368 subclavipes 397, 407 fuliginella 366 522 Collvbia fuscolilacina 364 fusipes 375 Hariolorum 375 hirticeps 375 hygrophoroides 362 ignobilis 364 irrorata 373 lacerata 367 lachnophylla 360 lacunosa 359 laxipes 375 Leaianus 333 ligniarius 333 loripes 375 luxurians 362 maculata 358 Micheliana 375 microspora 355 murina 375 myriadophylla 363 nigrita 373 nigrodisca 356 nivulosa 375 ochrolelica 359 physcopodia 358 pilularia 365 platyphylla 367 ramosa 375 rugosoceps 360 simillima 362 siticulosa 375 stipitaria 287 stolonifer 375 strictipes 357 subdryophila 375 subrigua 375 subsulphurea 359 tenacella 375 tenuipes 361, 376 texensis 356 tuberosa 355, 374 umbonata 369 umbrina 376 uniformis 365 velutina 376 velutipes 361 ventricosa 376 Collybidium 352 luxurians 362 Collybiopsis 250 ramealis 279 Coltricia 2, 91 cinnamomea 91, 91 connata 91, 92 focicola 91, 92, 94 Memmingeri 91, 94 obesa 91, 93 parvula 92 perennis 91, 92 spathulata 91, 93 tomentosa 91, 93 Coltriciella 2, 91 dependens 91 Coprinus micaceus 385 Coriolellus 2, 28 cuneatus 28, 28 sepium 28, 28 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUME 9 Coriolellus Sequoiae 28, 29 serialis 28, 29 Coriolopsis 2, 74 caperata 75, 77 cirrifer 74, 76 crocata 74, 75 fulvocinerea 74, 76 nigrocinerea 75, 77 occidentalis 74, 75 rigida 74, 75 subglabrescens 1, 75, 77 Taylori 74, 76 vibratilis 75, 76 vittata 75, 76 Coriolus 1, 2, 16 abietinus 18, 27, 28 alabamensis 17, 19 albo-cervinus 21 arenicolor 25 armenicolor 17, 21 balsameus 17, 21 biformis 18, 26, 27, 28 brachypus 17, 21 concentricus 17, 23 cyphelloides 18, 26 decipiens 27 delectans 17, 20 depauperatus 17, 20 Drummondii 17, 23 ectypus 17, 18 floridanus 19 fulvo-umbrinus 17, 24 haedinus 17, 22 hexagoniformis 17, 20 hirsutulus 16, 18, 28 hondurensis 17, 22 leiodermus 17, 23 limitatus 17, 20 Lloydii 17, 23 maximus 18, 26 membranaceus 17, 23, 27 nigromarginatus 17, 24, 28 ochrotinctellus 17, 22 pallidofulvellus 17, 20 pavonius 17, 25 pinsitus 17, 24 planellus 17, 21 prolificans 18, 27, 28 pubescens 17, 18, 28 scutatus 17, 25 sector 17, 19, 28, 100 sericeohirsutus 17, 25, 27 sobrius 18, 26 subchartaceus 17, 24 subectypus 17, 22 sublilacinus 17, 25 subluteus 17, 19 substipitatus 17, 22 versicolor 16, 18, 28 Corniola 165, 165 Cortinellus 297, 309 decorus 420 Crepidopus 297, 304 caveatus 304, 305 comuniscibilis 304, 306, 306 connatus 304, 306 cornucopiae 304, 305, 306 Eugeniae 304, 305 Part 7, 1916] Crepidopus hemiphlebius 304, 305 minutus 304, 304 ostreatus 304, 304 serotinus 304, 304 subsapidus 304 Crepidotus lentinoides 293 ‘mollis 303 Cricunopus 154 luteus 155 Crinipellis 237, 287, 374 alnicola 287, 288 asperifolia 239 calospora 238 echinulata 287, 288 scabella 287, 287 squamifolia 287, 288 stupparia 287, 288 sublivida 287, 287 zonata 287, 287, 375 Cryptoporus 3, 94 volvatus 94 Cubamyces 423 cubensis 43 Cyclomyces Greeneij 131, 131 iodinus 8&5 Cyclomycetella 16 pavonia 25, 85 Cycloporellus 2, 85 iodinus 85 Cycloporus 3, 131 Greenei 131 Daedalea 1, 3, 124 Aesculi 125, 126 albida 126 . amanitoides 125, 127 ambigua 126 applanata 127 Berkeleyi 130 betulina 127, 127 velutina 127 braziliensis 49 Burserae 74, 130 confragosa 125, 126 corrugata 126 deplanata 127 discolor 126 elegans 127 epigaea 90 glaberrima 126 jamaicensis 130 juniperina 125, 125 levis 127 : imerulicides 158 small lis 82 biter 126 GENERAL INDEX 523 Daedalea sanguinea 45 * Sprucei 125, 125 stereoides 124 striata 129 subtomentosa 126 tortuosa 124 trabea 129 unicolor 124 violacea 127 zonata, 126 Daedaleae 1, 2 “ Daedaleopsis 124 Delicatula 351 _ microscopica 317 Dendrophagus 30, 30 colossus 30 Dendrosarcus cornucopiae 305 Dictyolus 163, 165 muscigenus 165, 165, 303 retirugus 165, 166, 166 Dictyopus 134 felleus 134 Earliella 2, 44 corrugata 1, 45, 45 cubensis 44, 45 Eccilia 318 Elfvingia 3, 113 fasciata 113, 114 fomentaria 113, 113 Lionnetii 113, 115 lobata 1, 113, 114 megaloma 113, 114 reniformis 114 tornata 113, 115 Elvela cantharelloides 168 clavus 166 dimidiata 165 hydrolips 168 retiruga 166 tubaeformis 168 Enslinia 47, 47 Entoloma 318 Eomycenella 250 echinocephala 280 Eriocorys 157 strobilaceus 157 Euryporus 159 Favolus 2, 83 alveolaris 48 Boucheanus 48 brunneolus 52 canadensis 48 caperatus 50 cucullatus 52 curtipes 52 Curtisii 59 europaeus 48 Friesii 49 guadalupensis 49 hirtus 83 hispidulus 49 induratus 52 leprosus 83, 83 ohiensis 48 princeps 48 purpurascens 50 524 Favolus striatulus 48 tenuis 83, 83 variegatus 83, 83 velutipes 52 villosus 78 Flaviporellus 2, '72 Splitgerberi 72 Flaviporus 2, 84 crocitinctus 84, 84 rufoflavus 84, 84 Fomes 3, 94 Abietis J11 albogriseus 99 alboluteus 70 annosus 95, 97 applanatus 113 Auberianus 95, 100, 100 australis 115 bomfimensis 53 earneus 95 connatus 99 contrarius 46 cornu-bovis 112 Ellisianus 95, 98 fomentarius 113 ~ fraxineus 95, 96 fraxinophilus 95, 98 fulvus 103 geotropus 95, 100, 100 graveolens 112 hornodermus 97 igniarius 103 incrustatus 123 Laricis 95, 99 ligneus 95, 97 lucidus 118 marginatus 98 megaloma 114 melanoporoides 112 Meliae 95, 100 neglectus 124 nitens 123 ohiensis 95, 96 perpusillus 29 pinicola 98 ponderosus 98 populinus 95, 99 regulicolor 115, 116 roseus 95, 95 tubritinctus 95, 99 Sagraeanus 95, 96 scutellatus 95, 96 - stipitatus 122 subferreus 95, 97 subfomentarius 114 sulcatus 97 tropicalis 8 ungulatus 95, 98 Fomiteae 1, 2 Fomitella 3, 100 fumoso-avellanea 101, 101 supina 1, 101, 101 Fomitiporella 1, 12 altocedronensis 12, 12 betulina 12, 12 Demetrionis 12, 12 floridana 12, 14 inermis 12, 13 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA Fomitiporella Johnsoniana 12, 13 Langloisiana 12, 13 melleopora 12, 13 umbrinella 12, 13 Fomitiporia 1, 7 cinchonensis 8, 10 cubensis 8, 8 dryophila 8, 8 Earleae 8, 9 flavomarginata 8, 11 jamaicensis 8, 11 laminata 8, 11 Langloisii 7, 8, 9 Lloydii.8, 10 Maxoni 8, 11 obliquiformis 8, 9 ohiensis 8, 11 pereffusa 8, 10 prunicola 8, 9 tropicalis 8, 8 tsugina 8, 9 undulata 8, 10 Fomitopsis 94 annosa 97 pinicola 98 - rosea 95. Funalia 2, 78 aculeifer 78, 79 cladotricha 78, 78 hispidula 78, 78 mons-veneris 78 stuppea 78, 79 trichomalla 79 villosa 78, 78 Fuscoporella 1, 6 coruscans 6, 7 costaricensis 6, 7 ludoviciana 6, 6 mexicana 6, 7 palmicola 6, 6 Shaferi 6, 7 Fuscoporia 1, 3 carbonaria 3, 4 ferruginosa 4, 5 fulvida 4, 5 juniperina 4, 4 marginella 4, 5 nicaraguensis 4, 6 rufitincta 4, 5 subiculosa 4, 4 viticola 3, 4 Galactopus 297, 318 haematopus 318, 319 rugosodiscus 318, 318 sanguinolentus 318, 319 succostis 318, 318 Galorrheus 172 ©. Ganoderma 1, 3,218 ~ argillaceum 118, 122 australe 115 Chaperi 116 . Curtisii 118, 120 intermedium 118 guadelupense 118 Lionnetii 115 mexicanum 110 nevadense 118, 119 nitidum 118, 123 [VoromME 9 Parr 7, 1916] Ganoderma nutans 117 oregonense 118, 119 parvwum 118, 123 perzonatum 118, 121 polychromum 118, 119 praelongum 118, 121 pulverulentum 118, 121 Sequoiae 118, 119 sessile 118, 120 stipitatum 118, 122 subfornicatum 118, 121 subincrustatum 118, 122 sulcatum 118, 120 Tsugae 118, 118 tuberculosum 118, 123 zonatum 118, 120 Geopetalum 297, 298 abietinum 298, 300 albescens 298, 299 album 245 alliaceum 298, 3001 angustatum 298, 300 betulinum 298, 301 Blakei 298, 298 candidissimum 298, 298, 303 catephes 298, 302 copulatum 298, 302 densifolium 298, 301 Eugeniae 305 flavolanatum 298, 302 geogenius 300 geophilum 298, 299 haedinum 298, 301 inconspicuum 298, 301 oregonense 298, 299 petaloides 298, 300, 303 porrigens 300 semicaptum 298, 299 semitectum 298, 302 septicum 298, 299, 303 subelatinum 298, 301 subhaedinum 298, 302 subsepticum 299 tremelliforme 298, 302 Globifomes 3, 112 graveolens 112 Gloeocybe 172 Gloeophyllum 1, 3, 128 abietinellum 129, 129 Berkeleyi 129,130 hirsutum 129, 130 pallidofulvum 129 striatum 129, 129, 130 trabeum 129, 129 Godfrinia 376 Grifola 68 Berkeleyi 68, 69 fractipes 68, 69 frondosa 68, 69 poripes 68, 68 ramosissima 68, 69 Sumstinei 68, 68 Gymnopus 297, 352 acervatus 353, 362 agricola 353, 360 albidulus 354, 370 albipilatus 353, 366, 375 albogriseus 353, 368 GENERAL INDEX Gymnopus albus 352, 355 alcalinolens 353, 367 atratoides 353, 363 atratus 353, 364 avellaneidiscus 354, 3uy avellaneigriseus 354, 369 badiialbus 354, 369 Boryanus 354, 370 carnosus 352, 358 chrysopeplus 353, 359, 376 cinchonensis 354, 372 conigenoides 352, 356 cremeimelleus 354, 368 cremoraceus 353, 359 cyanocephalus 354, 372 delicatellus 352, 354 densifolius 354, 371 dentatus 353, 366 denticulatus 354, 368 detersibilis 353, 363 discipes 353, 364 domesticus 354, 371 dryophilus 353, 354, 362, 374, 375 Earleae 353, 364 Eatonae 352, 356 expallens 353, 363 exsculptus 353, 354, 359 familia 353, 365 farinaceus 352, 357 fimetarius 354, 372 flavescens 352, 357 fuliginellus 353, 366, 375 fulvidiscus 354, 368 fulvipes 354, 369 fuscolilacinus 353, 364 Glatfelteri 352, 358 griseifolius 354, 3'70 hygrophoroides 353, 362 ignobilis 353, 364 jamaicensis 354, 373 lachnophyllus 353, 360 lentinoides 353, 360 longipes 366 ludovicianus 352, 355 luxurians 353, 362. marasmiiformis 354, 371 maurus 353, 354, 363 microspermus 353, 361 microsporus 352, 355 monticola 354, 371 musicola 354, 370 myriadophyllus 353, 363 nigrita 354, 373 nigritiformis 354, 371 nigrodiscus 352, 356 oculatus 354, 371 ‘oculus 353, 367 orizabensis 354, 370 pallidus 352, 355 physcopodius 457, 858 p yiius 353, 367 catticatus 353, 366, 418 roseilividus 354, 373 rugosoceps 353, 360 : _petulesus | 354," 373 Sinuatus 352, 357 squamiger 352, 356 525 526 Gymnopus strictipes 352, 357, 375 subavellaneus 354, 372 subflavescens.354, 373 subflavifolius 353, 359 sublatericius 354, 369 subnivulosus 354, 372 subrugosus 354, 368 subsulphureus 352, 359 tenuifolius 352, 358 tenuipes 353, 354, 361 texensis 352, 356 tortipes 353, 361 trullisatus 353, 367 tuberosus 352, 353, 355 umbonatus 354, 369 unakensis 353, 366 uniformis 353, 365 velutipes 353, 354, 361 virginianus 352, 357 Volkertii 353, 365 xuchilensis 354, 373 Gyroporus 133, 133 castaneus 133, 134 cyanescens 133, 133 scaber 139 subalbellus 133, 134 Hansenia 16, 16 Hapalopilus 2, 80 fulvitinctus 36 gilvus 1, 80, 81, 81 hispidulus 78 licnoides 1, 80, 81 nidulans 80, 80 rutilans 80, 80 sublilacinus 80, 80 Heliomyces 237, 247, 310 angustifolius 247, 249 Berteroi 267 decolorans 247, 249 foetens 247, 249 hondurensis 247, 248 muiltifolius 247, 249 nigripes 277 Peckii 247, 248 Plumierii 284 rubritinctus 247, 249 striatus 247, 248 subavellaneus 247, 248 subspodoides 247, 248 terrestris 247, 247 translucens 247, 247 vialis 425 Helotium melanopus 277 Hemicybe 244 Heterobasidion 94 annosum 97 Heterobasidium 94 Hexagona 1, 2, 47 alveolaris 47, 48 brunneola 48, 52 caperata 48, 51 carbonaria 4 cervino-plumbea 83 cingulata 83 cucullata 48, 52 daedalea 47, 49 favoloides 83 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA Hexagona floridana 47, 49 fragilis 48, 50 Friesiana 24 hondurensis 48, 51 indurata 48, 52 leprosa 83 Maxoni 47, 49 micropora 48 Mori 47, 48 orbiculata 83 papyracea 83 polygramma 83 portoricensis 48, 51 princeps 47, 48 pseudoprinceps 47, 49 purpurascens 48, 51 reniformis 48, 50 sericea 25 similis 83 striatula 47, 48 subcaperata 48, 50 subpurpurascens 48, 51 subtenuis 83 Taxodii 52 tenuis 83 tessellatula 48, 50 Thwaitesii 83 unicolor 83 variegata 83 vittata 76 Wilsonii 49 Hiatula 309, 425 Benzonii 425 caespitosa 310, 316 ciliatula 425 crenulata 310 discreta 425 fragillissima 310 minima 309, 425 purpurascens 310, 425 Hydnoporia 1, 3 fuscescens 3 Hydnum trachyodon 74 Hydrocybe 297, 376 albo-umbonata 390 autantia 377, 383 bella 377, 384 caespitosa 387 californica 377, 382 Cantharellus 388 ceracea 376, 378 chlorophana 376, 378 coccinea 381 conica 376, 379 constans 377, 382 cremicolor 389 cuspidata 376, 379 Davisii 376, 382 Earlei 377, 384 *flammea 376, 377, 381 flavolutea 377, 383 hondurensis 377, 383 immutabilis 376, 382 laeta 376, 377, 380, 384 ..laricina 376, 380 \urida 376, 381 marginata 376, 378 [VoLumE 9 Part 7, 1916] GENERAL INDEX 527 Hydrocybe Hygrophorus miniata 376, 377, 380, 381 ee 391, 392 minutula 376, 380 nitida 376, 378 nivea 376, 377 parvula 376, 378 Peckii 376, 379 pratensis 387 psittacina 376, 380 punicea 376, 381 pura 376, 377 pusilla 376, 377 rosea 377, 382 tuber 376, 379 sciophana 376 subcaespitosa 377, 384 subflavida 377, 383: subminiata 377, 383 trojana 377, 383 Hygrocybe 376 . Hygrophorus 297, 351, 390 albipes 388 albo-umbonatus 390 amygdalinus 394 arenicola 394 aurantiaco-luteus 384 aurantius 383 basidiosus 389 bellus 384 borealis 385 Burnhami 389 caerulescens 395 caespitosus 387 Cantharellus 388 capreolarius 395 caprinus 390 ceraceus 378 cerasinus 384 chlorophanus 378 chrysodon 391 cinnabarinus 170 coccineus 380 coloratus 393 congelatus 381 conicus 379 constans 382 cossus 395 cremicolor 389 cuspidata 379 Davisii 382 Earlei 384 eburneus 391 elegantulus 394 erubescens 395 capreolarius 395 flavodiscus 391, 392 flavoluteus 383 fragrans 391, 394 fuligineus 394 limacinus 395 livido-albus 395 luridus 381 marginatus 378 mephiticus 387 metapodius 390 miniatus 381 minutulus 380 montanus 391, 395 Morrisii 394 mucilaginosus 384 mugnaius 391, 391 nigridius 389 nitidus 378 nitratus 390 niveus 377 obconicus 386 ohiensis 385 pallidus 386 paludosus 391, 393 parvulus 378 Peckianus 389 Peckii 379 penarius 395 pratensis 387 psittacinus 380 pudorinus 391, 393, 396 puniceus 381 purpurascens 396 purus 377 pusillus 377 Queletii 396 Ravenelii 390 recurvatus 388 roseibrunneus 391, 394 roseus 382 ruber 379 rubropunctus 392 serotinus 391, 392 sordidus 390, 391 speciosus 391, 393 sphaerosporus 386 squamulosus 388 stenophyllus 385 subcaespitosus 384 subflavidus 383 subminiatus 383 subpratensis 391, 395 subpustulatus 394 subrufescens 387 subviolaceus 391, 393 tephroleucus 396 trojanus 383 variicolor 391, 394 variolosus 390 virgatulus 391, 393 virgineus 386 Hygrophorus § Camarophyllus 385 Hygrophorus § Hydrocybe 376 Hygrophorus § Limacium 390 fuscoalbus 395 glutinosus 391, 392 haematocephalus 384 hondurensis 383 Hyponevris hypothejus 390, 391, 394, 396 alneus 237 immutabilis 382 Hypophyllum jozzolus 390, 391, 391 album 207 lactus 395 integrum 209 laetus 380 lateritium 187 laricinus 380 , 295 torminosum 192 528 Inodermus 86, &6 hispidus 86 Inonotus 2, 86 ‘amplectens 86, 89 corrosus 86, 89 cuticularis 86 dryadeus 86, 86 dryophilus 86, 87 fibrillosus 70 fruticum 86, 89 fulvomelleus 86, 87 hirsutus 86, 86 hispidus 86 - jamaicensis 86, 88 juniperinus 86, 88 nidulans 80 perplexus 86, 88 pertenuis 86, 87 pusillus 86, 87 radiatus 86, 90 texanus 86, 88 Wilsonii 86, 89 Insiticia 319 Irpex. cinnamomeus 3 coriaceus 74 crassus 15 cubensis 15 epiphyllus 28 farinaceus 74 griseofuscus 74 maximus 26 mollis 15, 15 pallescens 15 pityreus 16 sinuosus 15 tabacinus 73, 73 Tulipiferae 75 Irpiciporus 1, 15 cubensis 15, 15 lacteus 15, 15 mollis 15, 15 Tulipiferae 15 Ischnoderma 2, 82 fuliginosum 82 resinosum 82, 82 Ixocomus 136 granulatus 153 luteus 155 piperatus 143 Krombholzia 136, 136 scaber 139 Laccaria 297, 419 Lactaria 166, 172, 172 acris 200 aeruginea 200 affinis 174, 180, 200 agglutinata 174, 182 albida 200 alpina 175, 191 aquiflua 191 brevissima 1/91 aspidea 174, 184 aspideoides 174, 184 atroviridis 174, 178 Bensleyae 175, 193 brevipes 187 brevis 187 calceolus 200 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA Lactaria camphorata 175, 198 fragilis 198 Chelidonium 174, 186 chrysorhea 174, 188 cilicioides 174, 179 cinerea 175, 190 circellata 174, 181 eolorascens 174, 188 controversa «200 corrugis 175, 197 crocea 174, 185 deceptiva 173, 177 deflexa 181 delicata 174, 185 deliciosa 174, 186 distans 196 flexuosa 200 foetida 197 fuliginosa 194 major 194 fumosa 194 Gerardii 175, 195 glaucescens 173, 176 glyciosma 175, 193 grisea 175, 192 helva 175, 191 Hibbardae 175, 193 hygrophoroides 175, 196, 200 hysgina 174, 181 ichorata 175, 196 illachrymans 200 indigo 174, 187 insulsa 174, 180 involuta 174, 177 isabellina 175, 199 lactiflua 175, 195, 200 lanuginosa 174, 182 ligniota 175, 194 livescens 184 lividorubescens 174, 184 luteola 175, 197 maculata 174, 185 tminuscula 175, 189 mitissima 200 mucida 174, 181 mutabilis 175, 199 nitida 174, 189 oculata 174, 189 pallida 200 paludinella 174, 189 parva 175, 190 Peckii 175, 191 pergamena 173, 176 piperata 173, 176 platyphylla 780 plinthogala 175, 194 plumbea 200 pubescens 200 pyrogala 178 quieta 174, 188, 188 regalis 179 representanea 174, 183 resima 174, 176, 179 rimosella 175, 198 rufa 175, 191, 192 rufula 175, 192 [VoLuME 9 Part 7, 1916] Lactaria salmonea 175, 195 sanguinalis 200 scrobiculata 174, 179 seriflua 175, 199 sordida 183 speciosa 174, 183 subdulcis 175, 198 oculata 189 subinsulsa 200 subpurpurea 174, 187 subserifiua 198 subtomentosa 175, 195 subvellerea 173, 177 subvelutina 175, 197 Sumstinei 175, 194 theiogala 174, 187 torminosa 174, 178 trivialis 174, 181 turpis 174, 183, 200, 374 uvida 184 varia 175, 190 vellerea 173, 177 vieta 200 villosa 178 volema 195 xanthogalacta 187 zonaria 200 Lactarieae 163, 172 Lactariella 172 azonites 194 ligniota 194 Lactarius 172 Lactifluus 172 Laetiporus 2, 72 speciosus 72 Leccinum 136 aurantiacum 139 constrictum 133 edulis 142 lactifluum 153 piperatum 143 scabrum 139 subtomentosum 149 Lentinellus 237, 295 cornucopioides 295 Lentinula 237, 295 cubensis 295 detonsa 294, 295 reticeps 309 Lentinus 131, 237, 243, 288 albellus 289, 291 americanus 289 anisatus 246 blepharodes 292 caelopus 292 caespitosus 376, 420 calvescens 293 carneotomentosus 289, 289, 294 castaneus 293 castoreus 246 chaetoloma 294 chama 296 chrysopeplus 359 ciliatus 292 cochleatus 295 occidentalis 297 cornucopioides 295 ‘rinitus 289, 291, 294, 295 GENERAL INDEX Lentinus cubensis 295, 295 Curtisii 294 detonsa 295 echinopus 292 estriatus 293 eugrammus 245 fallax 292 flaccidus 294 friabilis 303 fuligineus 294 fumigatus 291 furfurosus 294 glabratus 294 graminicola 289, 290 haematopus 246 hirtiformis 289, 293 hirtus 289, 293, 294, 295 Lecomtei 292 lepideus 296 Leprieurii 291 Leveillei 291 levis 289, 293, 294 magnus 296 maximus 296 Micheneri 294 microspermus 294, 361 nicaraguensis 291 nigripes 291 obconicus 294 omphalodes 289, 294 orizabensis 289, 290 pallidus 308 paraguayensis 293 parvulus 294 patulus 293 pholiotoides 291 piceinus 289 pilosus 246 proboscideus 246 proximus 295 pulcherrimus 294 pyramidatus 289, 291 Ravenelii 296 rigidulus 292 Robinsonii 294 Schomburgkii 291 scyphoides 289, 290 setiger 292 siparius 292 sparsibarbis 292 spretus 296 striatulus 293 strigellus 289, 292 strigosus 289, 292 stupens 291 suavissimus 288, 289 subcervinus 292 submembranaceus 293 subscyphoides 289, 290 substrigosus 292 suffrutescens 296 sulcatus 289, 291 Sullivantii 294 Swartzii 291 Tanghiniae 293 tener 291 tigrinum 296 tubarius 289, 291 529 530 Lentinus tuber-regium 288 umbellatus 295 umpbilicatus 288, 289 Underwoodii 294 ursinus 246 vellereus 293 velutinus 289, 292, Verae-Crucis 246 villosus 291 vulpinus 246 Wrightii 292 xylopodius 295 Lentodiellum 237, 297 concavum 297 Lentodium 237, 296 squamosum 294, 296, 296 squamulosum 296, 296 tigrinum 296, 296, 308 Lenzites 3, 127, 131 applanata 127 Berkeleyi 127 betulina 127, 127 betuliniformis 127, 128 bicolor 126 Cookeii 126 Crataegi 126 cubensis 127, 128, 128 deplanata 127 distantifolia 125 Earlei 127, 128 endophaea 130 flaccida 127 glaberrima 126 Klotzschii 126 mexicana 130 Palisoti 127 platypoda 127 protracta 129 proxima 126 repanda 127 rhabarbarina 130 saepiaria 128, 130 striata 129 tenuis 128 trabea 129 unguliformis 127 variegata 127 verrucosa 131 vialis 129 Lenzitina 128 Lepiota 298 eretacea 310 Lepiotanae 237, 297 Lepista personata 419 Leptoglossa 165, 165 Leptomyces 297, 309, 425 Benzonii 309, 310 ciliatulus 309, 309 discretus 309, 309 lignifragus 309 minimus 309, 309 purpurascens 309, 310 Leptoporus 30, 30 duracinus 37 mexicanus 37 nauseosus 37 pubescens 19 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA Leucoporus 54 Leucoprinus 309 Limacella 298 Limacium 390 Linopodium 319 Lyophyllum 352 Marasmiellus 237, 243 inconspicuus 243, 243 juniperinus 243, 243 purpureus 243, 244 Marasmius 237, 250, 374, 376 acerinus 273 aciculaeformis 251, 259 aculeatus 376 albiceps 254, 283 albofuscus 251, 263 albomarginatus 284 alienus 253, 279 alliaceus 284 alliatus 254, 281 amabilipes 361 amadelphus 284 androsaceus 250, 254, 284 anomalus 270, 270 arachnoideus 238 archyropus 252, 270 arecarius tenellus 285 atropurpureus 251, 262 atroviridis 251, 261 badiceps 254, 279 badius 252, 267, 279, 279 bahamensis 251, 265 bellipes 254, 282 bermudensis 250, 255 Berteroi 251, 267, 284 biformis 253, 274 bombycirhiza 285 brevipes 285 caespitosus 272 calopus 254, 282 campanulatus 283 candidus 285 capillaris 254, 283 capillipes 281 caricicola 253, 277° earyophylleus 252, 271 eastaneicolor 253, 274 eatervatus 257 caulicinalis 278 cerussatus 257 cervinicolor 251, 265 chrysochaetes 250, 255 cinereialbus 251, 264 clavaeformis 285 Clementsianus 283 clitocybiformis 251, 263 colimensis 251, 261 concinnus 254, 281 concolor 239 confluens 252, 269, 375 contrarius 253, 274 Copelandi 252, 273 coracicolor 251, 265 coracipes 252, 268 Crescentiae 250, 259 cubensis 251, 263 cucullatus 254, 280 curcurbitula 285 [ VoLUME 9 PART 7, 1916] Marasmius Curreyi 285 curtipes 252, 268 cyathiformis 252, 268 dealbatus 257 decurrens 276 delectans 254, 281 dichrous 252, 253, 272, 286 Earlei 250, 258 elongatipes 253, 254, 274 epiphyllus 277 fagineus 272 fasciatus 252, 254, 270 felix 254, 279 fibrosipes 251, 266 filopes 254, 280 flavellus 250, 256 floriceps 267 foetidus 252, 273, 286 fulviceps 283 fuscopurpureus 252, 272 glabellus 254, 282 glaucopus 252, 268 glebigenus 250, 258 graminis 250, 259 graminum 254, 283, 285 gregarius 279 guyanensis 250,256 | haematocephalus 252, 267, 285 haematodes 239 Harrisii 251, 264 hemileucus 251, 266 hinnuleiformis 251, 263 hinnuleus 251, 259 Hiorami 250, 256 hirtipes 274 hondurensis 250, 258 hyperellus 262 hypophaeus 267 impudicus 285 inaequalis 250, 256 insititius 253, 254, 278 jiocephalus 252, 271 jonides 252, 268 jalapensis 251, 264 jamaicensis 251, 261 Johnstonii 252, 269 Juglandis 285 languidus 253, 276 leptopus 254, 279 leucocephalus 285 longipes 274, 274 longistriatus 274 macrorrhizus 285 magnisporus 253, 275 Marbleae 250, 255 melanopus 254, 284 minutissimus 254, 280 minutus 254, 280 montanus 251, 266 Morganianus 285 multiceps 286, 286 multifolius 252, 270 musicola 251, 260 nanus 250, 256 nidulus 239 nigripes 253, 277 niveicolor 250, 257 nuptialis 285 GENERAL INDEX Marasmius obsoletus 251, 265 Olneii 252, 254, 280 opacus 253, 278 oreades 271 pallescens 251, 261 papillatus 253, 276 papillosus 285 paucifolius 251, 262 Peckii 250, 254 perforans 253, 277 peronatus 252, 271 subnudus 271 personatus 251, 259 petiolorum 250, 255 phaeus 267 phyliophilus 252, 253, 278 picipes 251, 260 plancus 285 plicatulus 254, 282 polyphyllus 252, 269 polyporoides 251, 266 ‘ portoricensis 251, 262 praeacutus 253, 254, 277 praedecurrens 250, 257 praetortipes 250, 258 prasiosmus 252, 269 proletarius 250, 256 pruinatus 285 pruinosifolius 251, 265 pruinosulus 250, 258 pruinosus 285 pulcherripes 254, 284 purpurascens 252, 267 pusio 285 putredinis 251, 265 pyrinus 254, 281 pyrrhocephalus 285 ramealis 254, 279 ramulinus 253, 278 resinosus 253, 276 candidissimus 276 niveus 276 thabarbarinus 267, 361 rhodocephalus 267 rigidus 286 rotula 254, 282 rubrophyllus 252, 253, 271 rugulosus 251, 260 saccharinus 286 salignus 253, 276 major 275 sanguineus 267 sarmentosus 286 scorodonius 281 semihirtipes 253, 274 semisquarrosus 272 semiustus 262 ‘sericipes 252, 268 setulosipes 250, 257 siccus 254, 283 soliformis 251, 261 spodoleucus 238 spongiosus 252, 253, 272 squamula 253, 277, 286 stenophyllus 251, 262 straminipes 254, 283 stylobates 250, 257 subcoracinus 260 531 532 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLumE 9 Marasmius subcyathiformis 252, 269 subglobosus 250, 256 subnudus 252, 253, 271, 285 subpilosus 253, 275 subplexifolius 251, 263 subpruinosus 251, 266 subrotula 250, 259 subtenerrimus 250, 255 subtomentosus 253, 275 subvenosus 277 sulcatipes 251, 259 Sullivantii 286 sulphureus 286 Sutliffae 252, 273 synodicus 250, 257 tageticolor 252, 267 tenebrarum 251, 260 tener 286 tenerrimus 262 theobromicola 250, 255 thujinus 254, 281 tomentellus 286 tomentosipes 253, 278 tortipes 215, 264 trojanus 251, 263 trullisatipes 252, 237 umbonatus 252, 273 Underwoodii 251, 260 Vaillantii 286 velutipes 253, 275 vialis 253, 276 viridifuscus 251, 264 viticola 286 washingtonensis 252, 254, 270 Wilsonii 251, 261 Marasmius § Pleurotopsis 238 Melanoleuca 297, 374 albissima 417, 418,°419 melaleuca 374 Melanoporella 1, 14 carbonacea 14 Melanoporia 1, 14 nigra 15 Melanopus 54 marasmioides 61 scabellus 63 Meripilus 68 Merisma 40, 40 Merulius 167 alveolaris 48 cantharelloides 169 Cantharellus 169 cinereus 168 leucophaeus 168 daedaleus 49 fagineus 164 foetidus 273 infundibuliformis 168 nigripes 169 niveus 163 reticulatus 166 retirugus 166 serotinus 165 serpens 163, 163 tubiformis 168 umbonatus 170 villosus 168 Micromphale 297, 307 Micromphale ‘ abscondens 307, 307, 308 badium 307, 308 brunnescens 307, 308 elongatipes 307, 307 fulvifibrillosum 307, 307 fuscifrons 307, 308 subexcavatum 307, 308 ulmarius 307, 307 Microporellus 2, 52 dealbatus 53, 53 holotephrus 53, 53 porphyritis 53, 53 unguicularis 53, 53 Mison 101 Monadelphus 297, 420, 420 caespitosus 420, 420 illudens 417, 420, 421 marginatus 420, 421 revolutus 420, 420 sphaerosporus 420, 421 Mucronoporus 91 Everhartii 103 fulvidus 5 sublilacinus 80 tomentosus 93 Mycena 284, 285, 319, 374 _ acicula 342 “acutoconica 330 Adonis 343 albogrisea 327 alcalina 342 alphitophora 339 amabillissima 324 amicta 342 atroalboides 329 atroumbonatus 335 caesia 327 californiensis 342 capillaripes 328 capillaris 342 citricolor 316 citrinella 342 clavicularis 330 conferruminata 342 connatipes 326 constans 327 corticola 285, 328 erystallina 322 cyaneobasis 323 cyanothrix 323 eymbalifera 331 debilis 342 delectabilis 323 denticulata 332, 334 discreta 342 elegans 343 elegantula 337 epipterygia 335 filopes 343 flavifolia 324 galericulata 336° galopus 319 haematopus 319 hemisphaerica 329 hiemalis 343 immaculata 312 intertexta 328 Tris 343 Part 7, 1916] Mycena lactea 343 latifolia 327 leptocephala 343 leptophylla 325 lilacina 343 lineata 343 luteopallens 325 meliigena 324 metata 343 minutula 323 mirata 327 montana 347 odorifer 324 palustris 331 polygramma 343 praedecurrens 314 praelonga 330 pseudopura 343 pulcherrima 326 pura 332 purpureofusca 333 radius 343 radicatella 323 rorida 317 roridula 339 rosella 324 roseocandida 323 rubromarginata 343 rugosa 343 rugosodisca 318 rugosoides 334 sanguinolenta 319 splendidipes 330 strobilinoides 337 stylobates 343 subincarnata 325 succosa 318 tenerrima 322 tintinnabulum 343 vexans 329 vitilis 343 vulgaris 326 Mycenula 319 Mycetinis 250 Mylitta lapidescens 317 Myriadoporus 40 adustus 40 Dussii 114 Neurophyllum ochraceum 171 viride 172, 172 Nigrofomes 3, 112 melanoporus 112 Nigroporus 2, 85 vinosus 85 Nyctalis 166 asterophora 166 Oligoporus 30 Omphalea 396 Omphalia 310, 374, 376 albidula 312 alboflava 346 aurantiaca 315 Austini 312 behringensis 317 californica 351 campanella 313 GENERAL INDEX Omphalia camptophylla 317 earneola 351 centenaria 312 chlorocyana 318 chondripes 350 chrysophylla 346 clavata 313 corticola 312 curvipes 329 epichysium 347 eximia 345 fibuloides 313 flavella 349 grisea 318 hepatica 318 -integrella 317 Kermesina 350 lilacifolia 346 luteola 345 maura 363 Micheneri 351 muralis 351 oculus 367 olivaria 314 papillata 37/ paraguariensis 316 pubescentipes 313 pusillissima 311 pyxidata 346 Rhododendri 311 rhyssospora 318 rugosodisca 318 rustica 347 _ sanguinea 350 seabriuscula 359 seyphoides 345 semivestipes 334 serotina 314 sphaerospora 351 sphagnicola 351 sphagnophila 345 strombodes 346 subclavata 347 subgrisea 318 Swartzii 314 telmatida 317 tubaeformis 351 vestita 345 Volkertii 347 Omphalina 297, 344 acuminata 344, 349 buccinalis 344, 345 chondripes 344, 350 chrysoleuca 351 533 chrysophylla 344, 346, 351, 352, 417, 418 coccinea 344, 350 collybiiformis 344, 349 cremea 344, 350 cuspidatella 344, 349 Dawsonii 344, 345 Earlei 344, 350 epichysium 344, 347, 351, 418 eximia 344, 345 flavella 344, 349 gracillima 351 hydrogramma 344 hypobrunnea 344, 348 inearnata 344, 351 584 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLuME 9 Omphalina Panellus . integrella 351 jalapensis 244, 244 jalapensis 344, 349 stypticus 244, 244 lenta 344, 349 subcantharelloides 244, 245 lilacifolia 344, 346 ursinus 244, 246 luteicolor 344, 348 vulpinus 244, 246 miniata 344, 351 Panus 288, 376 niveicolor 344, 348 alliaceus 300, 303 onisca 351 angustatus 300 pyxidata 346 applanatus 245 rustica 344, 347 betulinus 301 scyphoides 345 concavus 297 Sequoiarum 344, 347 conchatus 290 setipes 351 connatus 295, 306 stellata 352 copulatus 302 striaepilea 352 cubensis 293 strombodes 344, 346 dealbatus 245 subcartilaginea 345 eugrammus 245 subclavata 344, 347, 351 flabelliformis 290 subhepatica 344, 346, 351 foetens 303 subscyphoides 344, 348 fulvidus 291 tepeitensis 344, 348 guaraniticus 292 umbellifera 344, 345 hirtus 293 umbilicata 352 infundibulum 293 Volkertii 344, 347 levis 293 Omphalius 396 operculatus 247 Omphalopsis 297, 310 Robinsonii 246 albidula 310, 312 rudis 292 aurantiaca 311, 315 salicinus 241 Austini 310, 312 strigosus 293 Bakeri 311, 315 stypticus 244 californiensis 311, 315 subflabellatus 302 campanella 310, 311, 313 Sullivantii 247, 376 centenaria 310, 312 torulosus 289 citricolor 311, 316 troglodytes 295 clavata 310, 313 velutinus 292 convexa 311, 316 violaceofulvus 241 corticola 310, 312 Wrightii 245 cuticolor 311, 317 Paxillus distantifolia 311, 315 porosus 158 euspeirea 310, 311, 316, 317, 375 Pelloporus 91 fibula 310, 311, 314 perennis 92 fibuloides 310, 313 tomentosus 93 immaculata 310, 312 Peziza McMurphyi 311, 315 pendula 47, 47 myceniformis 311, 316 undulata 168 olivaria 310, 314 Phaeolopsis 2, 73 papillata 310, 311 Verae-Crucis 73 petasiformis 311, 316 Phaeolus 2, 90 praedecurrens 311, 314 Schweinitzii 90 pseudogrisea 311, 314 sistotremoides 90 pusillissima 310, 311 Phaeoporus 86 Rhododendri 310, 311 Phelline 101 roriduliformis 311, 317 Phellinus 701 serotina 311, 314 igniarius 103 subavellanea 311, 317 Pholiotanae 273 subimmaculata 311, 315 Phyllodontia 124 translucentipes 310, 312 Magnusii 124 turbinata 310, 313 Phyllotus 298, 298 Onnia 91 hygrophorus 245 tomentosa 93 imbricatus 245 Onygena — Pinuzza 154 agaricina 166 Piptoporus 1, 44 Panellus 237, 243, 244 betulinus 44 cantharelloides 244, 245 suberosus 44 dealbatus 244, 245 Placodes 118 eugrammus 244, 245 incanus 96 flabellatus 244, 245 Pleurotopsis 237, 238 haematopus 244, 246 arachnoidea 238, 238 Part 7, 1916] Pleurotopsis asperifolia 238, 239 calospora 238, 238 liliputiana 238, 239 niduliformis 238, 238 Pleurotus 297, 374, 376 abscondens 307 applicatus 242 approximans 24] atrocoeruleus 240 griseus 240 atropellitus 243 aureotomentosus 376 Blakei 298 caespitosus 421 campanulatus 241 Candidissimus 298 cateptes 302 caveatus 305 chioneus 303 circinatus 308 commiscibilis 306 connatus 306 cornucopiae 305 corticatus 308 craspedius 308 cyphellaeformis 303 elongatipes 307 excavatus 308 flabellatus 303 flavolanatus 302 fluxilis 303 fuscifrons 308 geogenius 300 glandulosus 306 griseus 240 haedinus 301 hemiphlebius 305 Hobsoni 303 inconspictuus 301 limpidoides 303 limpidus 303 Micheneri 306 minutus 304 mitis 303 mutilis 306 niger 242 niphetus 300 ostreatus 304, 306 perpusillus 303 petaloides 300, 300 pinsitus 303 planus 303 pometi 306 porrigens 300 pubescens 309 pulvinatus 306 putredinis 306 salignus 306 semicaptus 292 semisupinus 303 semitectus 302 septicus 299 serotinus 304 similis 305 stratosus 300 striatulus 242 subbarbatus 242 sulfureoides 309 GENERAL INDEX 535 Pleurotus terrestris 309 tessellatus 309 tremulus 303 ulmarius 307 umbonatus 309 Zippelii 303 Plicatura 163, 163 Alni 163, 163 faginea 163, 164 flabelliformis 163, 164 guadelupensis 163, 164 lateritia 163, 164 nivea 163, 163 Plicaturella 163, 172 olivacea 172 Pluteanae 237 Pocillaria 288 cinnamomea 293 Palmeri 292 reflexa 295 simulans 292 vestida 292 Pogonomyces 2, 84 hydnoides 84 Polymatrasmius 237, 286 multiceps 286, 286 s rmentosus 286, 286 submulticeps 286, 286 Polyozellus 163, 171 multiplex 171 Polypilus 68 frondosus 69 speciosus 72 sulphureus 72 Polyporaceae 1 Polyporeae 1 Polyporellus 54 Polyporus 2, 54, 54 abortivus 64 acicula 54, 57 admirabilis 54, 57 adustus 40, 40 aegerita 100 aemulans 54, 59 Aesculi 126 albellus 35 albiceps 54, 58 albo-cervinus 21 albogilvus 36 alboluteus 70, 70 albostygius 41 alveolarius 63 amygdalinus 63 anax 69 anceps 35 annosus 97 arcticus 28 arculariellus 55, 59 arculariformis 55, 59 arcularius 55, 59 arenicolor 25 argentatus 71 armenicolor 21 atratus 63 Auberianus 100 aurantiacus 423 aureomarginatus 81 aureo-nitens 90 536 Polyporus australis 115 Baccharidis 108 badius 111 balsameus 21 Bartholomaei 35 Beatiei 69 Berkeleyi 69 biformis 26 bivalvis 33 Blanchetianus 55, 63, 63 borealis 38 Boucheanus peponius 48 brachypus 21 breviporus 81 brunneus 131 Burtii 40 byrsinus 75 caertleororus 66 caesius 34 calcitratus 110 calvescens 81 caperatus 77 carbonaceus 14, 14 carneofulvus & carneus 95 carolinensis 26 castanophilus 72 caudicinus 55, 60, 63 cerifluus 33 cervicornis 53 cervino-nitens 21 chartaceus 26 chioneus 30, 35 cincinnatus 72 cinnabarinus 71 circinatus 93 circumstans 98 cirrhiferus 76 citrinellus 131 citromallus 131 cladotrichus 78 coffeatus 116 colossus 30, 30 columbiensis 54, 58 conglobatus 112 connatus 92, 99, 99 corrugatus 45 Cowellii 55, 60 craterellus 54, 57 crispel'us 34 crispus 40 crocatus 75 croceus 72 crocitinctus 84 eryptopus 65 cubensis 43 cucullatus 90 cupulaeformis 47 Curtisii 120 cyathiformis 57 dealbatus 52, 53 decipiens 27 decurrens 65 delectans 38 delicatus 54, 56 dendriticus 131 dependens 91, 9/ detonsus 46 \ NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VoLUuME 9 Polyporus diabolicus 55, 62 dibaphus 54, 56 discoideus 54, 57 dorcas 81 Drummondii 23 dryadeus 86 dryophilus 87 dualis 93 Earlei 67 ectypus 18 elatus 111 elegans 55, 62 Ellisii 6¢ endocrocinus 86 endothrix 79 endozonus 81 evolutus 45 extensus 110 fagicola 54, 55 Feathermanni 84 Feei 21 fibrillosus 70, 70 fimbriporus 40 fissilis 39 fissus 55, 62 flabellum 27 flavidus 69, 69 flavosquamosus 64 flavovirens 68 floridanus 19 focicola 92 fomentarius 113 excavatus 113 fractipes 69 fragrans 41 fraxineus 96 fraxinophilus 98 Friesii 19 frondosus 69 fruticum 89 fulvitinctus 36 fumosus 41 - fusco-badius 45 galactinus 39 geotropus 100 gibberulosus 24 Gillotii 97 gilvus 81 glomeratus 90 gracilis 60 griseus 67 guadelupensis 701 guttulatus 31 haedinus 22 Halesiae 40 havannensis 44 hemileucus 101 hirsutulus 18 hirsutus 24. hispidellus 66 hispidoides 90 hispidus 86 holmiensis 41 holocyaneus 66 holotephrus 53 humilis 54, 58 Humphreyi 60 hydniceps 54, 55 PaR? 7, 1916] Polyporus hydrophilus 39 hyperboreus 103 hypococcineus 72 igniarius 103 ilicincola 27 immitis 39 impolitus 37 inconspicuus 46 inflatus 94 inflexibilis 104 iodinus 85 -~ irregularis 97 juniperinus 106 kansensis 66 labyrinthicus 26, 26, 37 laceratus 27 lacteus 36 lactifluus 69 lanatus 75 latissimus 125 Leibmanni 46 leiodermus 23 lenis 75 leucomallus 36 leucophaeus 114 leucospongia 29, 29 licnoides 81 ligneus 97 Lindheimeri 40, 79 linteus 109 lobatus 114 Iudens 19 luridus 56 maculatus 31 maculosus 55, 61 marasmioides 55, 61 marginatus 95, 98 marginellus 5 mariannus 45 marmoratus 114 megaloma 114 melanoporus 112, 112 Meliae 100 membranaceus 23 Menandianus 27 Meyenii 26 micromegas 45, 46 microporus 100 microstomus 45 molliusculus 26 Morgani 66 multiformis 93 mutabilis 53 myrrhinus 75 nephridius 63 nicaraguensis 111 nidulans 80 niger 14, 15 nigricans 103 nivosus 42 Novae-Angliae 103 nutans 117 obductus 32. . oblectan; us 32! obolus 54us 32 obtusus 3321, obvoluty.27, 3, occider anus 3 GENERAL INDEX 537 Polyporus odorus 43 Oerstedii 115 officinalis 99 omalopilus 81 pachycheiles 34 pachypus 63 pallescens 40 pallidocervinus 20, 80 palmicola 6 palustris 31 papyraceus 27 pargamenus 27 parvulus 27, 91, 91 Peckianus 70 pellitus 84 perennis 92 perplexus 8&8 perpusillus 29 Perrottetii 79 persicinus 67 petaliformis 53 phaeoxanthus 54, 58 piceinus /11 Pilotae 71, 72 Pini 111 Pini-canadensis 72 pinicola 98 pinsitus 24 planus 21 plebeius cubensis 101 plumbeus 46 polychromus 119 polygrammus 53, 83 Polyporus 54, 56 poripes 68 porphyritis 53 prolificans 27 pseudopargamenus 27 pseudosenex 111 pubescens 18 putidus 63 radiatus 90- radicatus 66 Ravenelii 53 renatus 117 reniformis 114 resinosus 97. retipes 65 rhabarbarinus 111 theicolor 72 ribesius 108 .Richardsonii 28 roseus 95 rudis 45 rufo-atratus 62 rufoflavus 84, &4 rufo-pallidus 95 rutilans 80 Sagraeanus 96 salignus 41 sangttinetus 71 sarcitus 110 Sartwellii 27 scabellus 55, 63 scabriceps 54, 56 scabrosus 45 scalaris 29 scarrosus 26 Polyporus Schulzeri 37 Schweinitzii 90 sclerodermeus 114 sclerodes 111 scleromyces 111 scorteus 75 scutellatus 96 semipileatus 35 semisupinus 34 serialis 29 sericeo-hirsutus 25 serpentarius 97 Shiraianus 70 simillimus 94 simulans 42 sobrius 26 sordidulus 81 sordidus 33, 81, 101 spectabilis 90 splendens 92 Splitgerberi 72, 72 spongia 90 Spraguei 33 spurcus §I stereinus 46 stipitarius 60 suaveolens 42, 43 subcinereus 40 subelegans 55, 62 subflavus 27 subflexibilis 111 subfulvus 45 subgiganteus 69 subiculosus 4 subluteus 19 subolivaceus 101 subpileatus 97 subsericeus 92 substuppeus 40 Sullivantii 19 sulphuratus 72 sulphureus 72 surinamensis 46 Swartzianus 77 tabulaeformis 90 tener 24 terebrans 42 tomentoso-quercinus 37 tomentosus 93 tornatus 115 trachypus 62 ‘Tricholoma 55, 60 trichomallus 79, 79 trichrous 37 triqueter 93 tuba 54, 57 Ulmi 54, 60 umbellatus 69 Underwoodii 55, 61 undigerus 22 undosus 34 undulatus 40 unicolor 37 Valenzuelianus 101 variiformis 29 variiporus 55, 60 Venezuelae 101 Verae-Crucis 73, 73 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA Polyporus verecundus 36 vernicosus 62 versicolor 18 versicutis 33 vibratilis 76 villosus 78 vinosus 85, 85 virgatus 54, 56 viticola 4, 6 volvatus 94, 94 Wrightii 55, 61 xalapensis 27 zonalis 46 zonatus 16 Polyporus § Cryptoporus 94 Polystictus actinobolus 23 azureus 18 barbatulus 25 cascus 77 centralis 127 cinnamomeus 92 cirrifer 76 comatus 77 corrugis 28, 77 cretatus 53 crocatus 75 cyclodes 23 homoporus 75 cyphelloides 26 depatperatus 20 dependens 91 extensus 75 Hariotianus 79 hirtellus 24 jamaicensis 24 licnoides 81 nebularis 19 nuceus 28 obesus 93 oniscus 19 Peckianus 70 perennis 92 Persoonii 45 placentaeformis 28 plumbosus 28 purpureofuscus 8&1 pusio 27 Ravenelii 19 rigens 75 rubescens 126 rufopictus 46 sanguineus 7 J Schweinitzii 90 semiplicatus 23 subglaber 81 umhonatus 24 unguicularis 53 Poria Fuligo aurastiotingens 14 inermis 13 obducens.99 portoricensis 74 rufitincta 5 setigera 90 umbrinella 12, 13 Porieae 1 Porodaedalea 1, 3, 111 [VoLUME 9 Part 7, 1916] GENERAL INDEX Porodaedalea Pini 111 Porodisculus 2, 47 pendulus 47 Porodiscus 47 pendulus 47 Poronidulus 1, 16 conchifer 16 “ostia 37 unulus 297, 318, 319 Abramsii 321, 338 acutoconicus 320, 330 adirondackensis 321, 332 albogriseus 320, 327 alcaliniformis 319, 320, 331, 342 alphitophorus 322, 339 amabillissimus 320, 321, 324, 342 argillaceus 322, 341 atribrunneus 320, 329 atridiscus 321, 334 atroalboides 320, 329 atroumbonatus 321, 335 aurantiacus 321, 336 aurantiidiscus 321, 336 avellaneigriseus 322, 340 avellaneus 320, 329 brevipes 320, 328 caesiialbus 321, 337 caesius 320, 327 capillaripes 328, 328, 342 carbonicola 322, 341 cervinialbus 320, 326 cinchonensis 322, 341 cinereiavellaneus 322, 340 clavicularis 320, 330 collybiiformis 321, 335 connatipes 320, 326 constans 320, 327 corrugatus 322, 342 corticalis 320, 328, 343 crystallinus 320, 322 curvipes 320, 329, 343 cyaneobasis 320, 323, 343 cymbaliferus 321, 331 delectabilis 320, 323 denticulatus 321, 332, 334 elegantulus 321, 337 epipterygius 321, 335, 342 euspeireus 375 farinaceus 320, 326 flavicitrinus 321, 336 flavifolius 320, 324 fuliginosus 321, 335 fumosiavellaneus 322, 340 fusipes 321, 337 galericulatus 321, 336, 343 gracillipes 322, 340 Grantii 321, 338 hemisphaericus 320, 329 intertextus 320, 328 latericius 322, 342 latifolius 320, 327 Leaianus 321, 333 lepiotiformis 319, 322 leptophyllus 320, 325 leucophaeus 321, 336 ligniarius 321, 333 longipes 32}, 338 ludovicianus 320, 330 Prunulus luteopallens 320, 325 magnus 321, 338 margarita 322, 340 meliigena 320, 324 melleidiscus 320, 325 minutissimus 320, 326 miratus 320, 327 murinus 321, 331 myceliosus 321, 338 Myrciae 322, 339 niveipes 321, 332 occidentalis 321, 337 ochraceicinereus 321, 333 odorifer 320, 324 paludicola 321, 336 paluster 321, 331 parvulus 320, 323 pectinatus 321, 333 plumbeibrunneus 321, 338 praelongus 320, 330 pubescens 322, 341 pulcherrimus 320, 326, 342 purpureofuscus 321, 333, 343 purus 321, 322, 332, 343, 419 radicatellus 320, 323 roridulus 322, 339 roseipallens 320, 324 roseocandidus 320, 323 roseolus 320, 324 rugosoides 321, 334 rutilantiformis 321, 334 Sabali 320, 325 scabripes 320, 331 semivestipes 321, 334 splendidipes 320, 330 strobilinoides 321, 337 subfumosus 320, 328 subincarnatus 320, 325 subpulverulentus 322, 339 subtenuipes 321, 334 syringeus 322, 341 tenerrimus 319, 322 tenuiculus 321, 334 testaceus 322, 341 trojanus 322, 339 vexans 320, 329 viridigriseus 322, 340 vulgaris 320, 326 Ptychogaster cubensis 131 Pulveroboletus 133, 156 Ravenelii 157 Pycnoporellus 2, 70 fibrillosus 70 Pycnoporus 2, 71 cinnabarinus 1, 71, 71 sanguineus 71, 71 Pyropolyporus 3, 101 Baccharidis 102, 108 Bakeri 102, 104 calcitratus 102, 110 Calkinsii 102, 105 Cedrelae 102, 105 conchatus 102, 108 crustosus 104 dependens 102, 106 Earlei 102, 107 Everhartii 102, 103, 111 539 540 Pyropolyporus extensus 103, 110 ful, us 102, 103 grenadensis 102, 107 Haematoxyli 103, 111 igniarius 102, 103 inflexibilis 102, 104 jamaicensis 10 , 107 juniperinus 102, 106 Langloisii 102, 109 linteus 102, 109 praerimosus 102, 105 psetidosenex 102, 107 Ribis 102, 108 Robiniae 102, 105 Robinsoniae 102, 108 roseocinereus 102, 104 sarcitus 102, 110 sublinteus 103, 110 subpectinatus 102, 109 texanus 102, 104 Underwoodii 102, 106 yucatanensis 102, 106 Resupinatus 237, 240 applicatus 240, 242, 243 approximans 240, 241, 243 atrocoeruleus 240, 240, 243 atropellitus 240, 243 campanulatus 240, 241 cubensis 240, 240 griseus 240, 240 niger 240, 242 orizabensis 240, 241 striatulus 240, 242 subbarbatulus 240, 241 subbarbatus 240, 242 violaceofulvens 240, 241 Rhipidium 244 Rhodoporus 134 felleus 134 Rigidoporus 2, 45 contrarius 45, 46 evolutus 45, 45 Liebmanni 45, 46 micromegas 46, 100 microstomus 45, 45 substereinus 45, 46 surinamensis 45, 46 Romellia 90 sistotremoides 424 Rostkovites 133, 153 granulatus 153, 153 hirtellus 153, 154 subaureus 153, 154 subtomentosus 149 Russula 166, 201 abietina 204, 231 adusta 207 aeruginea 203, 223 albella 205, 233 albida 204, 224 albidula 203, 216 jpalutacea 204, 231 --amoena 235, 236 anomala 203, 218, 219 astringens 204, 227 atropurpurea 202, 212 atroviolacea 203, 220 aurantialutea 203, 220 * aurata 235 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA Russula Ballouii 202, 212 basifurcata 203, 216 betulina 204, 227 -bicolor 205, 234 -bifida 203, 215 .Blackfordae 204, 230 blanda 202, 213 ‘borealis 203, 220 -brevipes 207 brunneola 205, 233 chamaeleontina 204, 231 citrina 235 ' compacta 202, 205 consobrina 203, 217 corallina 202, 213 corinthiirubra 203, 220 cremoricolor 202, 208 \creniulata 205, 235 crustosa 202, 209 cutefracta 236 cyanoxantha 203, 217 decolorans 204, 225 delica 202, 207 deliciosa 207 densifolia 202, 206 depallens 236 drimeja 221, 236 Earlei 203, 217 eccentrica 202, 207 elegans 236 emetica 205, 234 expallens 203, 221, 221, 236 fallax 205, 235 fingibilis 204, 224 flava 204, 226 flaviceps 204, 225 flavida 202, 211 flocculosa 202, 213 foetens 203, 214 foetentula 214 fragilis 233 fulvescens 204, 229 furcata 215 glauca 203, 222 gracilis 203, 222 graminicolor 204, 223 granulata 203, 214 grisea 222 heterophylla 203, 216 humidicola 204, 230 incarnata 208 insignis 202, 212 integra 204, 228 rubrotincta 229 lactea 202, 209 lepida 202, 208 lilacea 236 Linnaei 236 lutea 204, 224 luteobasis 204, 227 magnifica 202, 205 Mariae 202, 210, 236 maxima 204, 229 melliolens 204, 228 mexicana 203, 222 modesta 202, 210 Morgani 202, 208 Murrillii 202, 211 mustelina 202, 208 [VorunE § Part 7, 1916] Russula nauseosa 204, 232 nigrescentipes 204, 226 nigricans 202, 206 nigrodisca 205, 235 uitida 236 obscura 204, 225 ochracea 236 ochroleuca 203, 218 ochrophylla 204, 228 olivacea 236 olivascens 223 palustris 203, 222 parvula 205, 235 paxilloides 203, 218 pectinata 203, 213, 236 pectinatoides 203, 214 polyphylla 202, 207 puellaris 204, 230 pulchralis 236 pulverulenta 203, 215 punctata 236 purpurina 205, 232 pusilla 204, 229 Queletii 203, 218, 221, 236 Raoultii 203, 218 Robinsoniae 203, 221 roseipes 204, 227 rubescens 204, 226 rubra 218 rubriochracea 202, 211 rubrotincta 204, 229 rugulosa 205, 234 sanguinea 203, 221 sericeonitens 205, 233 serissima 202, 212 simillima 203, 219 sordida 202, 206 sororia 236 sphagnophila 204, 230 squalida 212 stricta 204, 224 subalutacea 204, 227 subdepallens 204, 226 subfragilis 205, 233, 235 subolivascens 203, 223 stubsordida 202, 206 subusta 202, 207 subvelutina 202, 210 sulcatipes 204, 225 tenuiceps 425 tenuipes 203, 219 Turei 204, 232 uncialis 205, 232 variata 203, 216, 236 ventricosipes 203, 215 vesca 236 _veternosa 203, 219 vinacea 203, 217 vinosa 225 virescens 202, 209 viridella 202, 210° viridipes 236 vitellina 236 xerampelina 202, 208 Russulina 201 alutacea 231 decolorans 225; grisea 222 integra 228 GENERAL INDEX Russulina lutea 224 nauseosa 232 puellaris 230 Scenidium 83 Schizophyllus 237, 237 alneus 237 communis 237 Egelingianus 237 fasciatus 237 mexicanus 237 Mutrayi 237 umbrinus 237 Scorteus 250 oreades 271 Scutiger 2, 64 caeruleoporus 64, 66 cryptopus 64, 65 decurrens 64, 65 Ellisii 64, 64 griseus 64,67 | holocyaneus 64, 66 laeticolor 64, 65 persicinus 64, 67 radicatus 64, 66 retipes 64, 65 subradicatus 64, 66 tuberosus 64 Whiteae 64, 67 Scytinotus 237, 239 concolor 239, 239 distantifolius 239, 239 haematodes 239, 239 tingens 239 Serda 128 Sesia 128 Berkeleyi 130 hirsuta 130 pallidofulva 129 striata 129 Sistotrema cinereum 124, 124 fuscescens 3, 3 lacteum 15 spongiosum 37 symphyton 27 Sphaeria pocula 47 Sphaeropus 166 Spongipellis 1, 37 borealis 37, 38 delectans 37, 38 fissilis 37, 39, 40 galactinus 37, 39, 40 hydrophilus 37, 39 luridescens 37, 39 occidentalis 37, 38 spumeus 37 substuppeus 37, 40 unicolor 37, 37 Spongiporus 1, 29 altocedronensis 29, 30 leucospongia 29, 29 Stereopodium 319 Strilia 91 cinnamomea 91 Strobilomyces 133, 157 coccineus 157 strobilaceus 157 Suillellus 133, 151 541 542 Suillellus Eastwoodiae 151, 152 Frostii 151, 152 luridus 151, 151 Morrisii 151, 153 rubinellus 151, 152 Suillus 733, 154 bulbosus 142 castaneus 134 cyanescens 133 Tectella 237, 247 patellaris 247 Tephrophana 352 Tinctoporia 1, 14 aurantiotingens 14, 14 Tomophagus 1, 30 colossus 30 Trametes 1, 42 aculeifer 79 ambigua 126 benzoina 82 Berkeleyi 126 bicolor 45 cinnabarina 71 cu Tusis 42, 43 dibapha 77 elegans 127 fumoso-avellanea 101 gausapata II1 havannensis 42, 44 hispidula 78 incana 126 kansensis 125 lactea 126 lignea 42, 44 limitata 20 malicola 39 mexicana 79, 131 nitida 45 nivosa 42, 42 obstinata 26 ocellata 84 odora 43 obiefisis 29, 96 Peckii 79 Petersii 81 Pini 111 Abietis 111 pura 36 radiciperda 97 rigida 75 robiniophila 42, 42 sepium 28, 28 Sequoiae 29 serialis 29 stereoides 82 stuppea 79 suaveolens 42, 43 submurina 42, 43 subnivosa 42, 43 unicolor 37 Trichaptum 2, 79 trichomallum 79 Tricholoma cellare 420 rancidulum 419 sienna 420 Trogia 163, 166 Alni 163 cinerea 166 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [ Volum” Trogia crispa 164 Tubiporus 136 Turbinellus 167 Tylopilus 133, 134 alboater 134, 135 felleus-134, 134, 151 gracilis 134, 135 indecisus 134, 135 Tyromyces 1, 30 albogilvus 31, 36 anceps 31, 35 Bartholomaei 31, 35 caesius 31, 34 Calkinsii 30, 32 cerifluus 31, 33 chioneus 31, 35 crispellus 31, 34 duracinus 31, 37 Ellisianus 31, 34 fulvitinctus 31, 36 guttulatus 30, 31 lacteus 31, 36 leucomallus 31, 36 nivosellus 30, 32 obductus 30, 32 Palmarum 30, 32 palustris 30, 31 semipileatus 31, 35 semisupinus 31, 34' Smallii 30, 32 Spraguei 31, 33 tiliophila 31, 33 undosus 31, 34 versicutis 31, 33 Urospora subelatina 303 Vaginata 298 plumbea 306, 375 Venenarius 298 Versipellis 136 chrysenteron 150 parasitica 141 subtomentosa 149 Viscipellis 154 granulata 153 lutea 155 piperata 143 Xanthochrous 91 igniarioides 111 tomentosus 93 Xerocomus 136 chrysenteron 150 parasiticus 14] subtomentosus 149 Xerotes 165 Xerotinus 163, 165 martinicensis 165, 165 Mauryi 165, 165 Xerotus 165, 165 afer 165 caribaeus 165 guadelupensis 164 lateritia 164 martinicensis 165 Mauryi 165 viticola 164 Xylometron sanguineum 71 Xylopilus 113 anew aN Pea ay fist vated “WN iH AR Fatah ae Seth seine ith Sete Seige Mielec ehuiee HEA Arts We A iy ST a Damen ta sel Wee We teks DT ea ett a ASEM: Ue aN aaa Raa Wein iat x