77464 SM ny BIOLOGIA a CENTRALI-AMERICANA. INSECTA. HYMENOPTERA. (Famiuiss TENTHREDINIDA—CHRYSIDID&:.) Vou. I. BY PETER CAMERON. * 1883-1900. IntTRODUCTION List or PLATEs . Errata Et CORRIGENDA . SEssILIVENTRIA. TENTHREDINIDE . CEPHIDA SIRICIDA OryssID& PETIOLIVENTRIA. CYNIPIDA FIGITiDa CHALCIDIDE IcHNEUMONIDA Braconip& STEPHANIDE EvANIIDA . CONTENTS. Page v PETIOLIVENTRIA. vii TRIGONALIDE . Xi PELECINIDE . .. . PrRoctotRUPIDz 1 CHRYSIDIDE 67 SuprpLeMENT.—Tenthredinide . 68 Cynipide 69 Figitide . Chalcididee 70 Ichneumonide . 73 Braconide 76 Trigonalide . 135 Proctotrupidz 312 | INDEX . 419 PLatEs. 4.22 a 2 470 471, 473 4.72 472 473 475 INTRODUCTION. Tuts Volume includes an enumeration of the species of fifteen Families of Hymenoptera : four of the section Sessiliventria—Tenthredinide, Cephide, Siricide, and Orysside ; and eleven of Petioliventria—Cynipide, Figitide, Chalcidide, Ichneumonide, Braconide, Stephanide, Evaniide, Trigonalide, Pelecinide, Proctotrupide, and Chrysidide. It was commenced by Mr. Cameron in 1883, and concluded in 1888, a brief supplement containing a list of the species described or recorded by him elsewhere from Central America having been added last year. The material examined was mostly from Guatemala or the State of Panama, but little from Mexico having been received by us at that time ; hence very few of the numerous Mexican forms of Ichneumonide, &c., described by North-American writers were represented in our collection. Since then Mr. H. H. Smith has obtained for us a vast number of specimens from Mexico of nearly all the above-mentioned Families; it is, however, quite impossible for us to deal with this immense amount of additional material now, which would necessitate a fresh study of the entire subject and a revision of the whole work. We are therefore reluctantly compelled to close this Volume as its stands, and trust that Mr. Cameron’s ‘‘Contribution,” incomplete as it must be as regards the total number of species inhabiting the region under investigation, has added considerably to our knowledge of these interesting insects. Altogether 1109 species are enumerated, of which 596 are treated as new, the total number for each Family being as follows:—Tenthredinide, 152, with eighty-three new; Cephide, one; Siricide, three, with one new; Orysside, two, with one new; Cynipide, fifteen, with six new; Figitide, five, with three new, and two new genera ; Chalcidide, 121, with seventy-one new, and eleven new genera; Ichneumonidae, 533, with 209 new, and three new genera; Braconide, 176, with 157 new, and four new genera; Stephanide, five, with three new; Evaniide, twenty-three, with sixteen new; Trigonalide, nine; Pelecinide, two; Proctotrupide, forty-three, with thirty- five new ; Chrysidide, nineteen, with eleven new, and one new genus. Ep. August 1900. LIST OF PLATES. Plate. Fig. | Page. Plate Fig. | Page Ptilia nasuta, 9 ........ eee eee ee IIT. 1 44 Tentawepinm a, ff ET IV. 2 44 Siobla ornaticornis................ I. 16 3 crassula.........-......000; XX. 18 | 468 Stronglylogaster letus, 9 .......... IT, 3 6 NIVErTIMA 2... .. ee eee eee ee XX. 19 | 469 pilicornis, Q ........ 0.00000. II. 1 8 || Sericocera alternator, Q .......... Il. 4 46. —— maculipennis, 9 ............ I. 8 9 a: III. 5 46 —— melanocephalus, 2 .......... II. 2 1O |) —— quercus, 9 ............005. I. 15 46 12, villosa, Q oo... cece e ee ee wees II. 15 7 leucostoma, 2... +... see e ee I. 7 { 467 -leucotarsis, 2.00... sees see II. 2) 47 —— fulviventris, 2 .............. I. 13 14 -leucopoda ............ eee IIT. 3 48 NIQTItOYIUS .. 2... . eee eee ee L 14 14 || Incalia hirticornis, 9.............. III. 6 53, diversipes 0.1... se eee eee I. 5 16 || Loboceras klugi, Q .............. I. 1 55 bicolor, Qo... eee eee II. 4 17 | IV. 3 55 fumipennis .............05- XX. 15 | 467 calcar...... ee eee ee eee 1. 12 56 Selandria crassa, Q 2... .. ee cee I. 5 19 fuscipenne, Q ...........4..- I. 6 57 Monophadnus trimaculatus, 9 ...... II. 6 22 || Perantherix ** westwoodi, 9 ...... Ill. 12 58 fascipennis * ..............4- I. 17 23 bimaculata, 9 .............. III. 8 59 annulipes, Qo... ... eee eee I. 3 23 || Lophyroides tropicus .......-..... . III. 10 61 | ochra, Sok ee eee IT. 7 26 ruficollis, Sw... eee ee ee eee If. 11 62 violaceipennis, ............ IT. 8 26 || Perreyia capitula .. ............. III. 7 63 Blennocampa albofemoralis, 9 ...... II. 12 31 championi ...............04- IV. 6 64 intermedia, Q .............. II. 11 31 || Decameria rufiventris.............. IV. 4 65 subeerulea fT, Q .....--2005- II. 10 32 nigriventris, Q ........-.-.5-. II. 9 65 Poecilosoma mexicanum, @ ........ II. 9 34 facialis Th... 0. ee ee eee IV. 5 66 Emphytus championi, Q .......... II. 13 35 Euura mexicana.............. 005. XX. 17 | 468 Srprcrp# Hemichroa nigricans .............. XX. 16; +68 BICID 2. Hylotoma basimacula..........0+-. XX. 14 { ae Derecyrta rugifrons ............-- III. 13 68 bivittata, QD eee e cece e eens II. 14 7 Orysstp#. nigriceps, Q ..... eee eee eee IV. 1 39 semifusca ...... see eee eee I. 11 39 || Oryssus nigricans ............04-- III. 14 69 annulipes .........0 eee eee r G 3 Dielocera biramosat, Q .....-.--- . imitatrix$, 2. Boy I. 4] 42 Center. Ptilia versicolor || ...........++-55 I. 9 44 || Cynips imitator, gall .............. IV. 8 70 * Strongylogaster fuscipennis on the Plate. + Blennocampa cerulea on the Plate. + Didymia biramosa on the Plate. § Ptilia imitatrix on the Plate. || Didymta versicolor on the Plate. G Laloceras klugit on the Plate. ** Peranthrix on the Plate. tt Decameria facilis on the Plate. Vill LIST OF PLATES. * Leucaspis mexicana on the Plate. || Orasema flavipes on the Plate. : __, Plate. Fig. | Page. Plate Fig. | Page. Cynips guatemalensis, gall ........ IV. 7 71 || Lutnes crassicornis, @ ............ VI. 15 | 126 Synergus filicornis, 9 ............ IV. 10 72 || Aseirba caudata.................. VI: 13 | 128 Andricus (Aphilothrix) aztecus...... XX. 23 | 469 | Epistenia balteata, Q ............ VI. 3 | 129 Aulax rufipes .................0.. XX. 21 | 469 maculipes, Q.............00. VI. 4} 180 Amotura annulicornis, 9 .......... VI. 6 131 Fier Lelaps albipes, Q ................ VI. 8 | 182 ° ferruginea, Q .............. VI. 7 | 188 Anacharis mexicanus.............. XX. 22 | 470 |) Prionopelma pilipes, 9 ............ VI. 5 | 184 Ibalia ruficollis .................. XX. 20 | 470 Neralsia rufipes, 9 .............. IV. 9 74 “* | Leiopteron westwoodi, 9 .......... IV. 12 7 Tcnyeuwonrpas **. )| Patroclus nigroceruleus, 2 ........ VII, 1} 1386 Cuatcrpipm Ichneumon costaricensis .......... VII. 3} 188 ° aStarte 2.0... eee ee eee eee VII. 5 | 1389 Leucospis mexicana*, 9 .......... IV. 11 76 bilimeki... 2... ee ee eee Vil, 6 | 140 Smicra championi, 9.............. Vv. 1 80 bellatulus ..............0..0. VII. 7 | 141 nigromaculata, 9 ............ IV. 15 83 || —— meridionalis ................ VIL. 2] 142 —— cardinalis, 9 ................ V. 5 84 || —— pterelas .......... 0... 0000, VII. 4 | 142 —— miranda, 9? ................ IV. 13 86 . 144, ——— geniculata.......00. v. 4 87 MEXICANUS.... 6... ee ee ee VIII 1 { 471 octomaculata.. ............. V. 8 88 144, maculicollis ................ V. 7 88 suffultUs seve ee sees eee VIII 2 { 471 centralis.................04. V. 6 89 sycophantus ................ VII. 8] 146 dorsivittata .............0.. V. 2 90 lariceus ...... 00... . ee ee een VII. 9| 147 panamensis ................ V. 3 90 CTOS cece ee eee eee eee VII. 14 | 149 nigrifrons ....... 0.0. eee ee ee V. 9 91 celatus .............0.0000, VII. 13 | 150 nigriventris ................ IV. 14 96 forreri oo... ee eee cece eee VII. 15 | 151 Phasganophora rufitarsis T, ? Vv. 10, 98 || ——tumidulus .........2........ VII. 12; 152 Chaleis ovata, 9 .............0005. IV. 16 99 curtituberculatus ............ VIL. 11 | 153 Acanthochalcis nigricans, 2 ........ VI. 14; 101 Salvini 2... eee eee ee ee VII. 16 | 155 . 102, CaUStICUS 2... ... ce ee eee ee VIII. 3] 156 Lirata Iuteogaster$ .............. Ve | 16 | ayy godmani.........-.......... vi. |18| 157 103, aANAaMeNSIS ....... 00... eee VIII. 4} 158 | Kapala fureata§................06) We FAT |) ge | lymphatus 200s so Vil, | 19] 158 | Lophyrocera stramineipes, Q ...... V. 18 | 103 championi ...............0.. VII. 17.| 159 nigromaculata, ¢ ............ Vv. 19 104 | —— munerosus.................. VII. 10 159 | Orasema stramineipes ||, Q ........ Vv. 20; 105 | —— guatemalensis .............. VII. 20 | 160 eee eee eee tence neces VI. 18 | 105 illacessitus.............0000. VII. 21} 163 Diomorus mayri, 9 .............. IV. 17 | 106 turpiculus .................. VII. 22) 163 | Eurytoma aurifrons, 9 ............ Vv. 11} 108 multiplagiatus .............. VIIl, |} 5 | 164 petioliventris, 9 ..........., V. 12; 108 suffrageneus ................ VIII 13 | 165 Bephrata ruficollis, @ ............ Vv. 13; 109 opiniosus .......... eee eee VIII 11 | 166 Spalangia chontalensis, 29 .......... V. 14}; 110 truculentus ................ VIII 12 | 166 Paralesthia mandibularis] ........ V. 15 111 democraticus ................ VIII 10 167 Hontalia cerulea, 9 .............. VI. 1{/ 113 | valladolidensis .............. VIII 9} 167 ruficornis, 9 ............0... VI. 2). 113 |. SUDSECIVUS .... 0... 0.00. e eee VIII 7 | 168 EKupelmus compressicornis, Q ...... VI. 12 | 115 | —— yueatanensis ................ VIII 8 | 168 gigas, Qo. eee eee VI. 9} 116 | —— centralis.................... VIII. | 15] 173 testaceus, 9 ...........0000. VI. 10 | 117 | —— parsimonicus................ VII. 23 | 174 erythrothorax .............. Vi. 11} 121 | ——alvarado.................0.. VII. 24) 175 Lutnes ornaticornis, 9 ............ VI. 16} 125 | MOLIVUS .... ee eee ee eee VIII 16 | 176 T Phasgonophora rufitarsis on the Plate. ¥ Schizaspidia flaviventris on the Plate. Schizaspidia furcata on the Plate. “| Paralestethia mandibularis on the Plate. ** The figure of Pharsalia albofacialis, Tab. XVII. fig. 15, must be erased, the insect not being described in this work (cf. p. 473). LIST OF PLATES. 1X Plate Fig. | Page Plate. Fig. | Page Ichneumon beatus ................ VIII 17 | 177 | Polyeyrtus fulvipes...........0.000.. X. ll | 238 maculosus Se eee eee cece ee ee VIIL. 6 179 —— erythrosternus, 2 ............ IX. 20 | 241 —— exquisitus ........ 0.0.0.0... VIl. 25 | 179 tinctipennis, 9 .............. IX. 19 | 241 —— piliventris..............0... VIII. 19; 179 | curviventris, 2 .............. X. 28 | 243 —— notabilis.. ele, VIEL. | 20} 180 | xanthothorax, Q ............ Xx. 12| 243 ——aarlel oo... VIII 14 | 181 | Polyenus championi, 2............ OX, 23, 245 aztecUS ...............0000. VUI 18 | 182 basimacula, gd ..........000. | 6oIX, 25 | 246 —— orizabensis.........00....... VII. | 21] 183 ; eve ee eeeeeeeeee) IX, 24 | 246 —— fortispina .................. Vill 24 | 185 | Christolia panamensis, 9 .......... | X. 27 | 247 (?) conicus........ 0.0.0.0... Vill 22; 187 menticula, 9 ................ | X. 29 | 248 (Hdicephalus glucidatus............ VILL. 23 | 188 || Cryptanura incauta, 2 ............ | X. 30 | 251 Trogus ornaticornis ....... peeeeee IX. 2) 190 | Hemiteles flavovariegatns, 2 ...... | X. 23 | 254 blandita....2..... 0.0.0.0... IX. 1; 191 albituberculatus, Q .......... X. 25 | 257 pulchripennis................ VIII. 25 | 191 montezuma, Q .............. Xx. 26 | 257 Joppa melanocephala vee ee ee eb ence IX, 4 193 ornaticeps, Q) ..... 2... eee | X. 24 | 258 VATIPOS 6. ee ee eee IX. 9] 193 | Rhyssa nigritarsis, 9 ............ i OXI. 3} 260 fumipennis ..............4. Ix. 11 195 || Epirhyssa mexicana, 2 ............ XI. 2] 262 ——— melanostigma .............. IX. 10 | 195 || Ephialtes annulicornis, 9 .......... XI. 1] 262 -—— nigriceps ...............0.. IX. 5 197 -——— nigricans, 9 .............04. XI. 5 | 263 modesta...... eee eee eee IX. 8 198 Theronia lineata, 9 .............. XI. 4 | 264 xanthostoma...........-.... IX. 6 | 198 chiriquensis, Q ...........04. XI. 6 | 264 sumichrasti ................ IX. 7 | 200 | Pimpla sedula, 9 ................ XI. 10 | 265 Abzaria latipetiolaris.............. IX. 3; 201 croceipes, 9 ............ 000 XI. 12 | 266 Cryptus bicolor, 2 ............0... IX. 12) 202 ——— punicipes, 9 ..............0. XI. 16 | 266 solabilis...............0..00. IX. 15 206 —— coxatat, Q ................ XI. 14 | 267 xanthostigma, 9 ............ 1D. 14) 207 albomarginata, 2 ............ XI. 15 | 267 hebetis, Q.......000....0000. IX. 13) 208 xanthostigma, 9 ............ XI. 9 | 269 Joppidium ruficolle, Q ............ 1X, 16 210 argentifrons, 9 .............. XI, 17 269 ceruleipenne ..............4. IX. 17 | 211 | Epimecis tibialis, 9 ...........0.. XIT 1; 270 . yucatanense, 9 .............. IX. 18 211 Glypta rufomarginata, 9 .......... XI. 18 271 Phygadeuon melanopoda, 9 ........ X. 22 214 Odontopimpla pulcherrima, Q ...... XL. 11 272 Mesostenus nigerrimus, 2 .......... X. 20 215 Lissonota albispina, 2 ............ | XI. 19 273 annulitarsis, Q ..........000. X. 15 | 215 leucopoda, 9 .......-....00.. XI, 20 | 275 Vividus, 9 ....... cece eee eee X. 18 | 216 || Phytodictas guatemalensis, 2 ...... XI. 21 | 276 intrudens .............0000. X. 217 - ~ | f 277 Jamentarius, 9 .............. x Ly iy Labena grallator, 9 ......++...04. AM ‘ {ae ornatifrons............0..005. X. 17 | 221 || Metopius femoratus .............. XI. 23 | 278 megapoda, 9 ....... eee eee Xx. 19} 224 | Exochus stramineipes ............ XI. 7 | 279 costaricensis*, Q ............ X. 13 | 225 Bassus frontalis ................08 AL, 8 | 281 parvituberculatis, 2 .......... X. 21 228 Mesoleptus mexicanus ............ | AT. 22; 281 Polycyrtus obtusispina ............ X. 1 | 230 alpestrig... 0.6.0.0... 00.00 XI. 24 | 282 collinus ...............00-0. X. 2 231 persimilis ...-..........000. XI, 25 | 28% confirmatus ..............0.. X, 3 | 232 || Mesoleius montezuma ............ XII 4 | 286 cruciatus 21... eee ee eee X. 4 | 232 | Trvyphon montezuma .............. XII 2; 286 ——— fulvofemoratus, Q@ .......... IX. 22 | 233 |, Polyblastus(?) aztecus, d .......... AII. 3) 287 a eee ce eee X. 5 | 233 | Thyreodont niger ............ an XII. 12) 288 montezuma ...........000- XxX. 6 | 234 erythrocera 2.0.0.2... . ee ee XII 13; 288 —— canaliculatus................ X. 7 | 234 laticinctus .... 0... 00. eee eee XIT. 14 | 289 blanditus ..............004, IX, 21) 235 rufithorax, Q ........-..06. XIL 15 | 290 chontalensis ................ X. 8 | 236 || Ophion (Eniscopilus) mexicanus XII. 23 | 290 guatemalensis .............. X. 9 | 237 ( ) concolor... ............ | XII 24 | 291 —— nigritibialis ..............6. X. 19 | 238 || -—— (——) flavoscutellatus §...... XII 25; 291 * Mesostenus nicaraguensis on the Plate, + Pimpla coxator on the Plate. + Thyredon on the Plate. § Ophion thoracicus on the Plate. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Hymenopt., August 1900. LIST OF PLATES. x Plate. Fig. | Page. Plate. Vig.| Page Ophion (Eniscopilus) flavus ........ XII. 21 | 292 | Iphiaulax championi, 2 .......... XIV. 4} 339 ( ) monticola ............ XIL. 28 | 292 Imitatrix, 9 ......-. se ee eee XIV. 13 | 340 ——— (——) maculipennis.......... XII. 29 | 292 gloriatorius, 9 .............. XIV. 1| 341 —— ( ) guatemalensis ........ XII. 22 | 293 hector, Qo... . eee eee ee AIV. 5 | 3842 curvinervis .............-.. XII. 19 | 293 guatemalensis, Q .......-.... XIV. 8 | 3842 chiriquensis ................ XII. 20 | 294 calderensis, Q .........0.... XIV. 6} 343 flavo-orbitalis .............. XII. 16 | 294 godmani, 9 ..........-.00-- ALY. 7 | 344 ancyloneura ............0005 XII. 17 | 294 piliventris, @ .........00... XIV. 9] 346 melanostigma .............. XII. 18 295 aZteCUS, Po... . eee ee eee eee XIV. 10 | 348 Agathophiona fulvicornis .......... XII. ll 297 argentifrons, QP .........0 0s XIV. ll 3849 Heteropelma sonorensis............ XII. 30 | 298 montezuma, 2 .........6-0e, XIV. 12 | 349 Retanisia facialis ................ XIL. 10 | 299 abaculus, 9 ...........-.-0. XIV. 23 | 3850 Anomalon guatemalenum, 2 ...... XII. 26 | 300 quadripunctatus, d .......... XIV. 25 | 3852 Kiphosoma mexicanum* .......... XII. 31 | 302 -basimacula, d 2.2.0... ee ee XV. 2) 363 Paniscus geminatus .............. XIII 5} 302 || —— »>Q .eeeeee eee cece XV. 1 | 353 Campoplex tepanecus.............. XII 1 304 —— humerosus, 9 .............. XLY. 14) 354 verepaciS 6.6... 0... ee ee XII 3 | 305 fuscidens, 5 .....-....0000- XIV. 19 | 355 MexiCanUs..........0. eee XIII. 4} 305 vereepacis, Qo... . ee eee eee XIV. 15 | 356 divisus 02... ...... 0000000 XIII 2; 3806 tinctipennis, Gd ...........04. XIV. 16 | 357 Limneria albispina................ XI. 13 | 307 || —— levis, Q oo... eee eee ee, XIV. 17 | 357 sonorensis, Q .............. XII 6 | 3807 megaptera, 9 1... ... eee eee XV. 5 | 358 Nonnus atratust, 9 .............. XIT. 8 | 309 vagabundus, Q ..........000- XIV. 20 | 359 antennatus .......-......0.0. XII. 9 | 309 salvini, Qo. wo. eee eee eee XIV. 21, 360 Grotea fulva, Q...... 0.000. cee een XII. 27 | 309 gravidus§, do ...... eee eee XIV, 24 | 3862 Scolobates (?) varicornis............ AIT. 5 | 310 cruentatus, Q .............. XV. 3 | 363 Banchus mexicanus .............. XT. 6 311 excuratus, 9... .......0 008: XV. 6 364 —— bifoveatus, Q ........ 00.00. XV. 9 | 366 -—— molestus, 9 ............0005 XIY. 22 | 367 Braconia. pilosellus, Q................ XV, 7 | 368 Bracon compunctor, 2 ............ XIII. 11 | 3138 sonorensis, Q@ .........0.00- XV. 4 | 373 frustratus, 9... 1... eee XIII. 8 314 avarus, OL... eee eee ee ee ee XV. 11 374 albipalpis, d................ XIII. 7| 315 jucundus, 9 ..........0.005. XV. 10 | 375 — Ro XVII. 6 | 472 bellicosus, Q ......... 0.0000. XV. 13 | 375 gracilescens, 9.............. XL 9; 3815 mendicus, 2 .......... 000s XV. 8 76 ——~ bugabensis, 9 .............. XIII. 10; 3816 (?) multicarinatus, QO lee eaee XV. 12 | 377 distinguendus, 9 ............ XIII. 12 | 317 || Spathius tinctipennis, oe XV. 14 | 3879 apicipennis, Q .............. XIII. 13 | 318 ornaticornis, Q..........00.. XV. 18 | 381 morrisoni, 9 ........ 0... eae XIII. 18 {| 3820 || Doryctes strongylogaster, QO wee eeee XV. 21 382 sedulus, 9 ............20005. XII. 14 | 321 | Odontobracon montanus, 9 ........ XV. 17 '| 384 albispina, Q ............0... XIII. 15 323 crassiventris, 9 ............ XV. 15 385 blandicus, 9 ............005. XIII. 17 | 326 nigriceps, 9 ........ cee eee XV. 16 3885 democraticus, 9 ............ XILI. 19 | 327 | Yelicones violaceipennis, 9 ........ XV. 19 | 387 montivagus, 9 .........-...- XIII. 16 | 328 melanocephalus, 9 .......... XV. 20 | 388 Iphiaulax nigriceps, 9 ............ XIII. 20 | 329 || Rhogas mexicanus, ¢ ............ XV. 22 | 389 pulchripennis, Q ............/ XIII. 23 330 sonorensis, ¢ .......e cece XVI. 1 390 TOPETS1, Do... eee eee XII. 22 | 330 bugabensis, ¢ .......... 005, XV. 23 | 391 exaltatus, Q ...... 02.2... 008. XIII. 21 331 _ XVII 1 391, lachrymosus, Q. ............ XIII. 24) 882 | ttt ese 472 CTOS, Gove. cece eee eee eee eee XIII. 25 | 334 || Leluthia mexicana, 9 ............ XVI. 2| 392 | beatus, 9.1... . ee ee eee ee XIV. 18 | 3836 fuscinervis, 9 Lecce eeeees XVI. 3 | 392 | wapotensis, Q «os... ee eee XIV. 2| 338 | Chelonus quadrimaculatus, Q vise. XVI. 5 | 393 | -—— pulehripes, Q ........0..-.. XIV. 3} 838 basimacula, 9 .............. XVI. 6 | 394 | * Ephiosoma mexicanum on the Plate. t+ Nonus niger on the Plate. § Iphiaulax capetillensis on the Plate. + Not described in the text, and perhaps not really the 9 of B. albipalpis. LIST OF PLATES. Plate Fig. | Page. Plate. Fig.| Page. Chelonus sonorensis, 9 ............ XVI. 4) 395 || Evania nitida, g ................ XVIII, ] 431 Microgaster mexicanus, 9 ........ XV. 24 | 397 trochanterata, 9 ............ XVII. 23; 431 Agathis cressoni, 9 .............. XVI. 9} 398 rugosa, 9 oe... . eee eee XVII. | 25} 432 violaceipennis, 9 ............ XVI. 8 | 3898 dorsalis ............ 0.00000. XVII. | 24] 433 chiriquensis, ¢.............. XVI. 7 | 899 erassa, ¢ ...... 2... eee XVIII. 2) 433 albispina, S................ XVI. 10 399 —— tibialis, 9.0... ol, XVI. 13; 400 TRIGONALIDA. ferrugineus, 9 .............. XVI. 11 400 . a . Earinus erythropoda, QO lee eee, XVI. 20 | 400 || Trigonalys championi.............. XX. 24 | 472 Microdus melanostoma, ¢.......... XVI. 15 401 championi, ¢ .............. XVI. 12; 402 PELECINID®. peronatus, ¢ .............. XVI. 16} 403 : femoratus, 9 .............. XVI. 17; 404 Pelecinus polyturator, é — a yar 3 ee ——~- basimacula, @ ............., XVI. 19 | 405 , - . simulatrix, Q@ .............. vu 7 oe Procrorrupip a. montivagus, 9 .............. XVL. 18 | 407 jj Scelio erythropoda, 29 ............ XVIII. | 16) 486 Macrocentrus delicatus, ¢.......... XVIL. 5 408 Trimorus luteus, Dee c eee eee XVIII. 20 436 Zele fuscicornis, 9................ XVII. 4; 409 Paramesius fasciatipennis, Ov. XVIII. 18 | 437 Opius mexicanus, 2 .............. XVII. | 14] 409 maculipennis, ¢ ..........., XVIIl. | 11] 438 Toxoneuron seminigrum .......... XVII. 7| 411 ||— i. XVIII. | 12] 488 croceuM...............000., XVII 8 | 412 || —— canaliculatus, 9 ............ XVIII. | 24} 489 Olixon testaceum, 9* ......,...., XVI. 21] 413 chiriquensis, 9 .............. XVIII. | 15} 489 Alysia pulchripennis, ¢ .......... XVI. 24 | 413 | Spilomicrus tinctipennis, 9 ........ XVIII. | 17] 440 xanthoptera, d.............. XVI. 23 | 413. || Gonatopus testaceus, 9 ............ XVIII. | 22] 440 longicornis, ¢ .............. XVI. 22 | 414 ee XVIII. | 23} 440 erythrogaster, ¢ ............ XVI. 25 | 414 palliditarsis, 9 .............. XVIII. | 21] 441 championi, ¢ .............. XVI. 3 | 414 albomarginatus.............. XIX, 1{ 441 Cenoccelius filicornis, 29 ............ XVII. 9} 417 orbitalis..............0.000., XIX. 3} 449 nigriceps, Q ........ 0... cee XVII 13 {| 417 dromedarius .,.............. XIX. 21 443 chontalensis, 9 .............. XVII. 12; 418 apicalis 6... .......... 000008 XIX. 4] 443 ——pulcher, gd .........., eee XVIT 10 418 - . : 444, ve tipennis, 9. XVIL 11] 418 Dryinus maculicornis.............. XIX. 5 { 473 alticola .......... 20.00.0000, XIX. 6 | 444 g ——— tuficeps ............0..000., XIX. 7 | 445 TEPHANIDE. —— melanocephalus.......... Laas XIX. 15 | 446 Megischus annulator, ¢ .......... XVIII 7 419 —— FC: XIX. 26 446 9 DQ cee ccenceeeecceee XVIII 8 | 419 || -—— nigricans ................0, XIX. 8 | 446 niger, @ wo... eee eee eee XVIII 19 | 420 chiriquensis ................ XIX. 9| 447 ruficeps, Q oe... eee eee. XVIII 9{ 420 albitarsis ...............0.. XIX. 10 | 447 Monomachus ruficeps, 9 .......... XVIII 6 | 422 || Apenesia flavipes, 9 .............. XIX. ll} 449 Epyris rugifrons.................. XTX. 12] 449 Evaxre erythropoda ................ XIX. 14} 450 “ Viridis 2... .. cee eee XIX. 16 | 451 Aulacus ruficollis, Q .............. XVIII. | 10 | 423 || —- nitidiceps .................. XIX. 17 | 451 Gasteruption maculicorne, @ ...... XVIIL. 5 | 424 testaceipes.. 2... 2... ee eee. XIX. 18 | 452 sericeum, Go .... eee eee eee XVIII. 4 | 424 || —— multicarinatus .............. XIX, 13 | 452 9 Qe ccc c cece ene eees XVITI. 3 | 424 || —— bugabensis.................. XIX, 19 | 453 | Evania tinctipennis, Q ............ XVII. 16 | 425 guatemalensis .............. XIX, 20 | 453 albofacialis, do .......... cue XVII. 17 | - 426 Parasierola lata ...........-0.005. XIX, 21 454 albispina, g ....... eee eee, XVII. 18 | 427 OPACA.. eee ee ee cece ee eee XIX. 23} 454 —— Yugifrons, gd ...........00ee. XVII. 19 | 428 palliditarsis ................ XIX. 22 2 ornaticornis .............00. XVII. 20 ; 429 ws age 9. 455, —— marginata, 9 .............. XVIL 211 430 Mesitius longicollis .............. XIX. 24 { 473 varicormis, Gow... ee eee eee XVII. 22 | 430 || Calyoza(?) westwoodi, g .......... XIX, 25 | 456 * Wrongly marked as ¢ on the Plate. xii LIST OF PLATES. Plate. Fig.| Page. Plate. Fig.| Page. Chrysis sonorensis ................ XX, 9 | 461 CuRYSIDIDZ. quadrituberculata............ XX, 7 | 461 parvula .............. eee, XX. 6 | 462 Amisega cuprifrons .............. XX. 2| 457 corulans ........eeee eee eee XX, 11 | 464 Notozus nitidus .................. XX. 3 | 458 pamamensis ...........-065. XX. 8 | 464 Hedychridium guatemalense........ XX. 4 | 459 || —— pilifrons..................4. XX. 13; 465 Miliare ........ 0.0.0 eee XX. 5 | 459 PFOXIMA.. 1... eee ee ee eee XX. 12) 465 Chrysis mexicana ................ XX. 10 | 460 | Parnopes fulvicornis .............. XX, 1 | 466 Page ERRATA ET CORRIGENDA. for melanosoma read melanostoma. for melanosoma read melanostoma. for leucosoma read leucostoma. for Angang read Angangueo in Michoacan. for Cuantla read Cuautla. for testaceiceps read testaceus. for A. read S. for mexicana read mexicanus. for leucosoma read leucostoma. for leucosoma read leucostoma. before Tab. II. fig. 10, 9, insert B. cerulea, for Pacrnosoma read Pacrrosroma. for Pecilosoma read Pecilostoma. -after basimacula. add (Tab. XX. fig. 14.) after rufiventris. add (Tab. LV. figg. 4, 4a, b.) after facialis. add (Tab. IV. fig. 5.) for Karsh read Karsch. for Atitan read Atitlan. for Halcitella read Hulticella. Page 78 91 467 470 Line 13,18 for Phasgonophora read Phasganophora. 10 25 for 5. read V. for XIV. read IV. for luteogaster read flaviventris. before Tab. V. insert Schizaspidia furcatu, after mexicanus. add (Tab. VIII. fig. 1.) after suffultus. add (Tab. VIII. fig. 2.) for trunculentus read truculentus. for leucosoma read leucostoma. for XX. read XI. after grallator. add (Tab. XII. fig. 7.) for Q read S. after fig. 23, g, add ; Tab. XVII. figg. 1 a-c. for Buguba read Bugaba. after Had. add Guatemaa, Mirandilla (Champion) ; after Mrxico add , Cordova. for 1. read 3. 19 after Isparta (to follow the genus Anacharis), add beneath Ibaha, Latreille, Gen. Crust. et Ins. xiii. p. 205 (1805). BIOLOGIA CENTRALI-AMERICANA. ZOOLOGIA. Class INSECTA. Order HYMENOPTERA. SESSILIVENTRIA. Fam. TENTHREDINIDA. Subfam. TENTHREDINA. This subfamily contains the Sawflies, which have two radial and three or four cubital cellules, of which the second (or first when there are only three) and third (or second when only three are present) receive each a recurrent nervure, both recurrent nervures never being received in one cellule; the lanceolate cellule is never petiolate; the antenne usually 9-jointed, more rarely 7—15-jointed; and the larvee have twenty-two legs. TENTHREDINIDES. This group includes the species which have the posterior spurs longer than one third of the length of the metatarsus; the antenne are 9-jointed; the mandibles are large, acute, and provided with two or three teeth, besides the apical one. The wings have two radial and four cubital cellules, while the lanceolate cellule has usually a short straight nervure: very rarely there is an oblique one; and not uncommonly it is sub- contracted; in no case’ is it petiolate. The basal nervure is joined to, or received very close to, the cubital. The larve are never ornamented to any extent; the vast majority of them are some shade of green, brown, or black on the upper half of the body, the lower half being paler; most of them eject a brownish liquid from the -mouth when alarmed. The pupa state is passed in the earth, protected by an earthen cell, which may or may not be strengthened by silk. Although this subtribe is very numerously represented in the Nearctic Region, where the species are very numerous, one hundred and thirty-nine being recorded in Kirby’s Catalogue, yet only one species is known from the Neotropical Region. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Hymenopt., May 1883. BB 2 HYMENOPTERA. MACROPHYA. Macrophya, Dahlbom, Conspectus Tenth. Siri. et Oryss. Scand. p. 4. The species of this genus have a wide geographical range. Fifty species are known from the European fauna, principally from the south; they also occur in Japan, in the Oriental Region as far south as Southern India, while thirty-eight species inhabit North America. 1. Macrophya trisyllaba. Allanius trisyllaba, Norton, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. i. p. 273; Cat. of the Tenth. and Urve. of N. Am. p. 136° Macrophya trisyllaba, Cresson, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. viii. p. 61°. Hab. Nortu America, Canada 2, United States 1.—Mexico ?. SELANDRIADES. This section differs principally from the Tenthredinides in the mandibles being weak, short, and without subapical teeth, and in the spurs being shorter than one third of the length of the metatarsus. ‘The wings have two radial cellules and three or four cubital; the lanceolate cellule has never a straight nervure, but may have an oblique one; usually it is contracted or petiolate. The posterior wings, with one or two genera, have two median cellules, more often only one or none. The species of this group have a much wider range than the Tenthredinides; for they are found in the Australian, Ethiopian, and Neotropical Regions, from which the latter are altogether absent, except one species in the last-mentioned region. SIOBLA. Siobla, Cameron, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1877, p. 88. This genus connects the Tenthredinides with the Selandriades. Most of the species have the body-form of Tenthredo, but differ otherwise in having the spurs much shorter, the transverse basal nervure received very close to, but not touching, the cubital nervure, and by the lanceolate cellule being much wider, and provided with a comparatively large oblique or semioblique cross nervure. It agrees very closely with Strongylo- gaster, from which it is only to be distinguished by the cross nervure in the lanceolate cellule. The general neuration is identical with that of Eriocampa; but the wings and body are more elongated, the antenne are longer and filiform and have the third and fourth joints subequal, while in Hriocampa they are short and thick, with the third. joint much longer than the fourth. The clypeus in Stod/a is truncated or but slightly incised at the apex, and the eyes may or may not reach to the base of the mandibles, The mandibles are stout; the apical tooth is large and forms two thirds of the mandibles ; there is a blunt, short, subapical tooth. The palpi are long; the basal joint of the SIOBLA. 3 maxillary is small, the second is much shorter than the third and slightly shorter than the fifth, which is dilated at the apex, and is a little longer than the sixth, which is a little shorter than the second, the third is the longest; the basal joint of the labial _palpus is the longest, the third and last are thicker than the others, the third is a little longer than the fourth and shorter than the second. The outer lobes of the labium are broad and truncated at the top; the inner lobe of the maxilla is straight on the outer side, more rounded on the inner, and curves gradually and roundly on the top; the outer lobe is long and narrow, and terminates in a sharp point. Norton describes eight species under Strongylogaster, which are presumably to be referred to Siobla. He describes the males as having the hind wings provided with only one or no discal cellule; but I presume this is so through the nervures being situated along the edge of the wings. Some species, however, have undoubtedly two discal cellules as in the females. Another North-American species is referred by Norton to Macrophya, just as a European species has been so referred, because the coxe are rather large; but it seems impossible to use the size of the hinder coxe as a generic character when dealing with Neotropical forms, however useful it may be when dealing with Palearctic or Nearctic species ; for it is impossible to draw the line between a moderately sized and an extra large one, so many intermediate forms occur. Stobla is found in Japan, Burmah, West Yunan, Amoor, and Europe; and Kirby describes a species from Georgia. 1. Siobla ornaticornis. (Tab. I. f. 16, ; 164, antenna; 164, head, from the front.) ; | Nigra, antennarum articulis 6°-9" et basi, scutello, tegulis, pronoto, pleuris abdomineque subtus albis ; abdomine superne nigro, segmentorum marginibus albis; pedibus rufescentibus, basi pallida; alis hyalinis, stigmate fusco, basi pallida. Long. fere 11 millim. Hab. Guatema.a, San Gerénimo (Champion). The antenne are filiform, shortly pilose, longer than the abdomen ; third joint a little longer than the fourth, the third apical shorter than the preceding. Clypeus incised. Sutures on vertex very deep and distinct ; frontal area a mere depression surrounding the lower ocellus. Antennal fovee deep, but ill defined. Head broad, scarcely pro- jecting behind the eyes, which are oval; the face is short. On the mesopleura there is a black perpendicular line beneath the tegule, and an oblique one commencing at the fore wing ; the breast is black, as is also the greater part of the prothorax; the coxe and trochanters are white, as are also the hinder tarsi; the four anterior tarsi are black at the apex. Claws simple. There is a thin transverse white line on either side of the postscutellum ; the white lines at the junction of the abdominal segments above are wider at the sides. The wings are pilose; the costa is only black between the transverse basal nervure and the stigma; the transverse radial nervure is received BB 2 4 HYMENOPTERA. in the apical fourth of the wing, the transverse median a little in front of the middle of cellule; the third cubital cellule is a little shorter than the second ; accessory nervure in posterior wing appendiculated. In the male the breast is brown, black behind; the coxe are marked with black at the base. STRONGYLOGASTER. Strongylogaster, Dahlbom, Consp. Tenthr. pp. 4, 13 (1835) ; Hartig, Blattw. p. 299. The European species of Strongylogaster are only to be distinguished from Selandria by the former having the body “ longish, cylindrical, and the costa not dilated before the stigma,” while the latter has the body ‘short, thick, and the costa thickened and dilated before the stigma.” These characters (not quite satisfactory even with Euro- — pean species) fail altogether with the Neotropical forms; and I have not been able to find other characters to distinguish them. I have not, however, united the two genera, but have, as a matter of convenience, retained Selandria for the species with short stout bodies. The species I have included in Strongylogaster differ in the form of the antenne, some having them long, pilose, and slightly thickened beyond the middle, while with others they are short and thick ; the eyes, too, may or may not reach close to the base of the mandibles; the metatarsus is longer than all the outer joints together, which is never the case with Palearctic species; and the clypeus is truncated. The mandibles have a sharp apical tooth; there is only one subapical tooth, and its edge is curved. The basal joint of the labial palpi is the longest and thinnest; the second is nearly the size of the fourth; the third is the shortest, and is broader than the others. The maxillary palpi are long; the second and sixth joints are shorter than the intermediate, and nearly of equal length ; the intermediate joints are also subequal ; but the relative lengths of the joints vary. Nothing is known about the habits of the American species of Strongylogaster ; but the majority (and probably the whole) of the European species feed during their larval life on ferns. Nine European species are known, one from Japan, one from Siberia, another from Singapore, and twenty-one from America north of Mexico. America would thus seem to be the head quarters of the genus. 1. Strongylogaster apertus. Tenthredo aperta, Kirby, List of Hymen. i. p. 320, t. 7. f. 16. Hab. Mexico, Orizaba. 2. Strongylogaster picticornis. Niger, albido-pictus, abdomine testaceo, dorso medio nigro, pedibus pallide testaceis; alis hyalinis, costa et stigmate testaceis. Long. 2 8 millim., ¢ 6 millim. STRONGYLOGASTER. 5 Hab. Guatemata, Capetillo, San Gerénimo (Champion). Antenne longer than the abdomen, pilose, filiform, very slightly thickened in the middle; third joint thin; the basal joint and the apex of the fourth to seventh white ; clypeus, labrum, palpi, and mandibles, except at apex, white. Clypeus incised, the sides acute. Eyes slightly converging. Frontal area and sutures on vertex flat; central fovea over antenne deep, the lateral ones less distinct. Mesonotum black, save the scutellum and the greater part of the middle lobe, which are white; pleure white, a longish, broad, oblique stripe, a smaller broad one on mesopleura, and one over the middle coxe slightly longer than broad, black; breast black in front, the black extending down the middle as a thin line, which joins a transverse broader line at the apex; the parts on each side of the central line testaceous. Abdomen testaceous, the greater part from the apex of basal segment black. Of the legs the coxe and trochanters are white, the posterior trochanters are marked with black on the under- side; the tarsi are paler than the tibie. The third cubital cellule is shorter than the second, wider at the apex than at the base, and receives the transverse radial nervure a little beyond the basal third of the cellule; the second cubital cellule has a horny point; the transverse median nervure is received a very little beyond the middle of the cellule. Accessory nervure in hind wing shortly appendiculated. The head is broader behind than in most of the species, and retreats on each side of the antenne. The male has the greater part of the breast testaceous, and the abdomen has no black on the upperside. 3. Strongylogaster v-flavum. Niger, longus, flavo variegatus, antennis basi pedibusque pallide testaceis ; femoribus posticis supra nigris; alis fusco-hyalinis, stigmate testaceo, cellula cubitali tertia longiore quam secunda. @. Long. fere 10 millim. Hab. GuateMALA, San Gerénimo (Champion), female; Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui 3000 to 4000 feet (Champion). Antenne shortly pilose, nearly as long as the abdomen, black, the three basal joints testaceous, the third about one third longer than fourth, fourth longer than fifth, the four apical subequal, the sixth thicker than the following. Clypeus incised, but not deeply; mandibles, palpi, labrum, and clypeus white; the apex of the mandibles black; the space between the antenne and inner orbits of the eyes toa little above the middle testaceous. The borders of the middle lobe of the mesonotum broadly, a line (broadest behind) on inner side of lateral lobe, one proceeding from near the tegule to the scutellum, scutellum and postscutellum yellowish testaceous; tegule, pronotum, a large triangular mark on mesopleura, and an oblique line joined to the middle coxe yellow; a round testaceous mark above posterior cox. The abdomen i8 testaceous, marked above with black transverse lines, which become broader and closer towards the apex. The coxe and trochanters are white, the posterior coxe black 6 HYMENOPTERA. behind on the upper half; the posterior femora are broadly black above and at the sides, the posterior tibia more or less black in the middle. The third cubital cellule is perceptibly longer than the second, which has a distinct horny point; the transverse radial is received not far from the third transverse cubital, the transverse median a very little in front of the middle of the cellule. There is a distinct bulla in the first transverse cubital nervure, and a less clearly marked one in the lower part of the transverse radial. The nervures are black, the costa and stigma testaceous. What I take to be the male (from Chiriqui) has the coloration pretty much as I have described ; but the antenne are apparently shorter, and the third cubital cellule is perceptibly shorter than in the female*. The quantity of black on the posterior femora varies. Jn some specimens, too, the pleure are entirely testaceous; in others there is only an irregular splash in the centre. The amount of black on the back of the abdomen varies also. 4. Strongylogaster illuminatus. Strongylogaster illuminatus, Norton, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. ii. p. 222; Cat. p. 154. 18 ¢ 9°; Cresson, loc. cit. viii. p. 62. Hab. Mexico, Cordova (Saussure). 5. Strongylogaster letus. (Tab. II. fig. 3,9; 3a, antenna.) Letus, niger flavo variegatus, antennarum basi pedibusque flavo-albidis; femoribus posticis supra nigris; alis hyalinis, stigmate testaceo; cellula cubitali tertia breviore quam secunda. 9. Long. fere 8 millim. Hab. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui 2000 to 3000 feet (Champion). The antenne are pilose, not much longer than the abdomen, thick, distinctly attenuated and pointed at apex; basal joint not much longer than second, third not much longer than fourth ; basal joint white, second, third, and base of fourth testaceous. Face and mouth yellow, the yellow extending above each side of the antennal fovea ; clypeus slightly and broadly incised. On the thorax, the pronotum, a large triangular mark on mesopleura, a narrow one at the junction with the metapleura, the edges of the middle lobe of mesonotum, scutellum, a triangular mark behind it, and post- scutellum are yellow; there is a fulvous line on each side of the scutellum (proceeding in the direction of the tegule), and a transverse one on either side of postscutellum. Abdomen fulvous-testaceous, a broad transverse band at base yellow; a broad trans- verse band next to the blotch, two narrower and interrupted ones behind it, and the greater part of the apical third above and beneath black; extreme apex and sheath yellow. The hinder femora are lined above with black; the rest of the legs yellowish festaceous. Costa and stigma testaceous, the lower half of stigma yellow; nervures black ; the third cubital cellule is distinctly shorter than the second. There is a bulla * This would appear to be a sexual character with the Neotropical Selandriades. STRONG YLOGASTER. 7 in the first transverse cubital nervure; the transverse median nervure is received a little ‘in front of the middle of the cellule. The sutures on vertex are narrow, but deep; the frontal area clearly defined above, less so on lower side. The central fovea is very large, the lateral longer and deeper, but less clearly defined. A shorter, broader insect than S. v-favum, the antenne shorter and thicker, the third joint shorter compared with the fourth; the cubital cell is shorter, the wings clearer, &c. In S. letus, behind the eyes, there is thick fulvous hair, which becomes black on the vertex; the central antennal fovea is much more clearly defined than in S. v-flavum, but not the lateral ones. 6. Strongylogaster inconspicuus. Selandria inconspicua, Kirby, List of Hymen. i. p. 190, t. 8. f. 24°. Hab. Mexico}, Orizaba. 7. Strongylogaster testaceicornis. Niger, antennis (apice excepto), ore, tegulis, linea tenui marginali pronoti, maculis pleuralibus, scutello, abdo- minisque basi testaceis; pedibus pallide testaceis, coxis basi, femoribus tibiarumque posticarum apice - nigris ; alis flavescentibus, costa et stigmate testaceis. Long. 9 millim. Hab. Costa Rica, Irazu 6000 to 7000 feet (Rogers). Vertex faintly punctured, covered with a fulvous pile; frontal and antennal foves and sutures indistinct. The antenne are shorter than the abdomen, thickened in the middle; the last joint considerably thinner than the eighth, the third longer than fourth. Clypeus slightly incised at the apex. On the mesopleura there is towards the hinder end a broad, obscure, testaceous spot; below it is an oblique thinner one following the division of the mesopleura ; and there is a smaller one on the metapleura. The blotch is large and broad; the three basal segments are entirely testaceous at the sides and beneath; and at the apex of the second and third segments above, the testaceous colour forms two distinct bands. The transverse radial nervure is almost interstitial; the second and third cubital cellules are almost equal in length; the transverse median nervure is received close to middle of the cellule. Claws simple. The male has the antenne black above throughout, the middle joints are dark testaceous ; the costa and stigma are dark testaceous; the basal segment of abdomen is broadly testaceous above ; and the posterior tibize fuscous, except the basal third. A much narrower and somewhat longer insect than S. Jetus, with the vertex punc- tured, frontal area more clearly defined, face shorter, and thorax slightly punctured and more pilose. 8 HYMENOPTERA. 8. Strongylogaster pilicornis. (Tab. II. fig. 1,2; 14, head, from the side; 16, from front; 1¢, claws.) Niger, nitidus, pilosus, antennis longis, pilosis; facie, pronoto, metapleuris, abdomine (apice excepto) pedibusque luteis; tarsis posticis tibiarumque apice nigris; alis flavo-hyalinis, apice fusco, costa et stigmate testaceis. Long. 11 millim. Hab. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui 2000 to 3000. feet (Champion). Head not transverse in front, sutures on vertex deep, frontal area small but deep, broader at apex than base, with a clear suture round the ocellus at the sides. Antennal tubercles large, projecting, lateral fovea small; central deep in the centre, from which it projects sharply before and behind. The antenne are long, filiform, densely pilose, attenuated at the apex; basal joint with a short pedicle, which is white, more than double the length of the second; third joint a little longer than the fourth, the last joint longer and thinner than the eighth. Face from the antennal fovea, labrum, clypeus, and mandibles (except at apex) testaceous. ‘The mesopleure are black, except a spot in front, below the wings, the metapleure yellowish; metanotum black; the three apical segments of abdomen and sheath, which is hairy, black. Wings large; nervures fuscous, darker at apex; the transverse radial nervure is received a little in front of the middle of the third cubital cellule; there isa bulla on the transverse radial and second and third transverse cubital; the transverse median nervure is received a little beyond middle of the cellule ; a single spurious vein proceeds from the radial bulla, and a double one from that on the second transverse cubital, through the bulla on the third to the apex of the wing. The claws are bifid, the spurs a little more than one third of the length of the metatarsus, the posterior fuscous. The largest of the Central-American species. 9. Strongylogaster pilipennis. Luteus, capite (ore excepto), antennarum apice, mesonoto fere toto, sterno abdominisque apice nigris; alis nigris, medio flavo-hyalinis, stigmate luteo. Long. 103 millim. Hab. Chiriqui, David (Champion). The sutures on the vertex are deep and wide, the frontal narrower and not so deep ; the frontal area is not depressed; there is only an indistinct furrow round the lower ocellus; the central fovea is large, roundish, and shallow. The clypeus is almost transverse ; it, as well as the labrum, is white; the apex of the mandibles piceous. The eyes project considerably, converge towards the lower side, and reach close to the mandibles. The head is large, retreats slightly in front and considerably so behind. The middle lobe of the mesonotum is testaceous ; the lateral lobes are black, as is also the scutellum, except at the apex, where it becomes brownish. The metanotum is brownish testaceous. ‘The transverse radial nervure is received in the apical third of the cellule; STRONGYLOGASTER. 9 the second cubital cellule is much narrower and longer than the third, and has a fuscous horny point; the costal cellule has a larger black horny point; the transverse median nervure is received a good piece before the middle of the cellule. The black basal portion of the wing ends before the termination of the costal cellule and at the horny point; the black apical part commences before the apex of the stigma. The accessory nervure in posterior wing is shortly appendiculated. The apices of all the tarsi (but especially the posterior) and the apex of the hinder tibie are black. The claws are bifid. ; This species is not unlike S. maculipennis, but is easily known from it by the third cubital cellule being shorter than the second, the opposite being the case with S. maculi- pennis, by the apical half of the antenne only being black, the fifth, sixth, and seventh joints not being produced at the apices; the face has less white, and the thorax less black ; the apex only of the tarsi is black; and the transverse median cellule is received nearer © the base of the cellule. The head, too, is much longer. 10. Strongylogaster maculipennis. (Tab. I. f. 8,2.) Niger, nitidus, pilosus, facie ‘alba; pronoto, metapleuris, abdomine (apice excepto) pedibusque luteis; tarsis posticis tibiarumque apice nigris ; alis fuscis, medio flavo-hyalino, stigmate et costa flavis. Long. 9-10 millim. Hab. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui 2000 to 3000 feet, Bugaba (Champion). The antenne have the two basal joints luteous, pilose, thickened from the fourth joint ; the apex of sixth, seventh, and eighth produced into a blunt point beneath, more especially the sixth. The face from below the frontal area is white. On the thorax the greater part of the mesopleura and sternum are black, as is also the meso- and metanotum, except the angles of the lateral lobes. Wings with extreme basal part of costa luteous, the rest to near the stigma black; the transverse radial nervure is received near middle of cellule; the bulle and spurious veins as in S. pilicornis ; transverse median nervure received a piece in front of middle of cellule; the third cellule longer than the second, which is considerably angled where the recurrent nervure is received in front of middle of cellule. he apical fuscous cloud commences at the end of stigma; the basal one ends a little in front of median cellule; there is a small fuscous cloud at end of lanceolate cellule. In the hind wings the basal cloud is narrower than in front wings; there is a fuscous mark below the apex of anal cellule. The middle tarsi have the four apical joints black. In the second cubital cellule characteristic is the large horny point. The mesopleuree are sometimes. nearly all yellow. The vertex is raised; but the sutures are depressed equally to the eyes; the frontal area is not well defined. The lateral fovese are small, and raised in the centre ; the front is depressed considerably; the central fovea small but deep, and broader than long. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Hymenopt., May 1883. cc 10 HYMENOPTERA. 11. Strongylogaster melanogoma. Luteus, antennis pilosis; antennis, capite, mesonoto, metanoto, mesopleuris pedibusque 4 posterioribus fere totis nigris; alis flavo-hyalinis, apice fusco. Long. 83 millim. Hab. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui (Champion). The antenne are as long as the abdomen and half of the thorax; the third joint is one fourth longer than the following, filiform, scarcely thickened towards the middle. Labrum brownish ; three apical joints of palpi testaceous, the rest black. All the coxe and trochanters are yellow; the rest of the four posterior legs are black, save the knees and metatarsi of the middle pair, which are testaceous in the middle; the anterior femora are lined behind with black; the tibiee have a black line interrupted behind in the middle, the apex black all round; the tarsi black, save the basal three fourths of metatarsus. The transverse radial nervure is received a little in front of the middle of the third cubital cellule, the second recurrent is almost interstitial ; and the transverse median is received in the middle of the cellule. Claws bifid. The vertex is conside- rably raised, especially behind the ocelli, there being also a depression between the two upper ones; the frontal area is raised, is longer than broad, round at upper end, where there is a small furrow leading into it; the apex is more angled at the sides, and transverse at the point. The lateral fovee are large, the central fovea smaller and with a tubercle occupying it almost entirely. Eyes converging at bottom in front, Besides the difference in the colour of the mouth and thorax, NS. melanodoma differs from S. melanocephalus in having the transverse radial nervure received “nearer the middle of the cellule, the second recurrent nearer the second transverse cubital, and the transverse median nearer the middle of cellule. 12. Strongylogaster melanocephalus. (Tab. IT. fig. 2, 2.) Luteus, nitidus, pilosus, capite (ore excepto), meso- et metanoto fere totis, pedibusque 4 posterioribus nigris ; alis flavo-hyalinis, apice leniter fumatis, stigmate testaceo. © Long. 10 millim. Hab. Guatemata, Senahu in Vera Paz (Champion). Frontal area large, rounded at apex, narrower at base. Lateral fovee large, central one not indicated ; but there is a semicircular suture above the antennal tubercle, which is large. Eyes converging. ‘The antenne are slightly longer than the abdomen and metathorax, somewhat thickened towards the middle, attenuated at the apex, and covered with a close, stiff, microscopic pile. The labrum, clypeus, and base of mandibles are white. On the mesonotum the outside of the middle and the lateral lobes are luteous, this being also the case with the metanotum at the sides. The anterior tarsi are fuscous at the apex; the rest of anterior legs pale yellow, as well as the four posterior cox; trochanters and base of femora, the knees, and middle tibie dull testaceous in front; all the spurs are pale luteous. The costa is dull testaceous; the nervures STRONG YLOGASTER. lI luteous, except at the apex, where they are blackish. The head and thorax are covered with a close, stiff, white pubescence, which is especially long on the face; the legs also are pilose. The apical fourth of the abdomen is darker than the rest; but this may be an accidental discoloration. The apex of sheath black, pilose. The transverse median nervure is received beyond the middle of the cellule. The vertex is considerably raised, especially behind the ocelli, there being also a depression between the two upper ones; the frontal area is raised, longer than broad, rounded at upper end, where there is a small furrow leading into it; the lower end is more angled at the sides. ‘The lateral foveee are large, the central fovea smaller and with a tubercle occupying it almost entirely. Eyes converging at bottom in front. 13. Strongylogaster nigriceps. Luteus, antennis, capite (ore excepto), abdominis apice, tarsis 4 posterioribus et tibiarum dimidio apicali nigris; alis flavo-hyalinis, apice fuscis, costa stigmateque testaceis, apice nigro. Long. 9 millim. Hab. Guatemaa, San Gerénimo (Champion). Frontal area very faintly indicated, ovoid. Lateral fovee large, deep, with a small tubercle in the centre ; central large, semicircular, with a minute tubercle at its apex. Eyes converging. (Clypeus transverse. The antenne are distinctly thickened in the middle, slightly attenuated at the apex, and pilose. The costa, stigma, and nervures are yellowish, save in the blackened apical portion, which commences in the middle of the stigma. At the lower part of the radial, and in the lower parts of the cubital and apical cellules, run spurious veins, which follow, to a certain extent, the course of the nervures, and pass through bulle in the radial, third and fourth transverse, and second recurrent nervures; those in the cubital cellules originate in a single vein, which bifurcates a little beyond the second transverse cubital nervure. The anterior tarsi are fuscous at the apex, the middle and apex of middle tibie black. Apart from the coloration, 8. nigriceps may be known from S. melanocephalus by the longer and thicker antennez, longer and more curved spurs, and stouter tibie and tarsi. 14, Strongylogaster frontalis. Testaceus, antennis, capite pro parte, abdominis apice, tibiarum apice tarsisque nigris; antennarum basi, ore pedibusque albidis ; alis fumatis, costa stigmateque nigris. Long. 8 millim. Hab. Panama, Bugaba (Champion). The antenne are rather slender, pilose, nearly as long as the thorax and abdomen ; the third joint is not much longer than the fourth. The lateral furrows behind the vertex are deep; the lower ocellus is in a roundish depression. The lateral frontal fovee are large and round; the central is much smaller. ‘The clypeus is truncated. Behind the head is black; in front it is black along the inner orbits of the eyes above ce 2 12 HYMENOPTERA. and behind the ocelli; the mandibles piceous. The second cubital cellule is as long as the third to the transverse radial nervure; the transverse median is received in the middle of the cellule. The bulle are as in S. Jutews; and in one specimen the first transverse cubital nervure is completely absent. Claws simple; metatarsus longer than - the other joints together. | This species is related to S. luteus; but differs in its shorter and, if any thing, broader body, more slender antenne, longer metatarsi, much longer third cubital cellule, &c. “15. Strongylogaster luteus. Luteus; antennis (basi excepta), capite, tibiarum apice tarsisque nigris, ore pedibusque albo-testaceis; alis fumatis, costa stigmateque nigris. Long. 8 millim. Hab. Panama, Bugaba (Champion). The lateral furrows on the vertex are deep, especially behind the ocelli, but they do not extend back the whole length of the vertex; the central one is absent. The frontal area proper is not defined; but the lower ocellus is situated in a large hollow. The lateral antennal fovee are large, deep, and circular; the central obsolete, or nearly so. The clypeus is truncated at the apex, and rounded at the edges., Mandibles piceous. The antenne are a little longer than the abdomen and half the thorax; the basal joint has a pedicle, and is (not counting the pedicle) a half longer than the second; the third is longer than the fourth; the two apical are as long as, but thinner than the two preceding. The second cubital cellule is shorter than the third, and has a distinct horny point. ‘There is a bulla in the transverse radial, in the first transverse cubital, and in the cubital nervure at its union with the first recurrent nervure. The transverse median nervure is received towards the apical third of the cellule. The metatarsus is nearly -as long as the rest of the joints together. The claws are not bifid. Allied to S. tibialis, S. nigricornis, and S. meritorius, but easily known from them by the entire absence of black from thorax and abdomen. It is also a larger and broader insect ; and the transverse median nervure is received nearer the apex of the cellule than in any of the three. 16. Strongylogaster leucosoma, (Tab. I. fig. 7,9.) Luteus, antennis pilosis; capite, antennis, tarsis 4 posterioribus et tibiarum dimidio apicali nigris; antennis basi oreque albis; alis fuscis, costa stigmateque nigris. Long. 63 millim. Hab. Guatemata, San Isidro (Champion). Frontal area large, flat, but with the sides sharply defined. Antennal fovee appearing as large shallow depressions. Clypeus slightly incised. Eyes almost parallel. Antenne longer than the abdomen, thick, scarcely attenuated towards the apex, densely pilose ; STRONG YLOG ASTER. 13 second joint longer than broad, thicker at apex than at base; third joint about one third longer than fourth. Tegule testaceous. Third cubital cellule not longer than second, with one faint spurious vein; third transverse cubital nervure with two bulle. There is a horny point in the costal cellule. The claws have a subbasal tooth; the anterior tarsi are fuscous. . Similar to S. nigricornis, but broader and shorter; the antenne are white at the base, thicker, and a little shorter; the third cubital cellule is shorter than the second, and wider throughout than in 9. nigricornis; the wings are darker; and the abdomen has no black dorsal band. 17. Strongylogaster tibialis. Luteus, capite, antennis, macula mesonoti, abdominis apice, pectore, tarsis tibiisque 4 posterioribus nigris ; alis fere hyalinis, costa stigmateque nigris. Long. 84 millim. Hab. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui ( Champion) Frontal sutures absent; frontal area scarcely indicated ; but there is a distinct furrow round the lower ocellus. Lateral fovee large, with a tubercle in the centre; central fovea much larger, and with a large square tubercle at apex. Eyes converging. Antenne a little longer than the abdomen, thickened slightly in the middle, attenuated at the apex, pilose. Third cubital cellule a little longer and narrower than the second, and traversed by two spurious veins, which extend into the fourth cellule, where they end beyond its middle; another pair of spurious veins are in the discal (apical) cellule ; the transverse median nervure is received before the middle of the cellule. Claws bifid; tegule testaceous. A broader and somewhat shorter insect than S. nigricornis; the third cubital cellule is longer compared with the second; antenne thicker in the middle, the second joint more globular, and not much thinner than the first, while in S. nigricornis it is much thinner, especially at the base; the spurs, too, are longer. 18. Strongylogaster nigricornis. Rufus, capite, antennis, pectore, abdominis dorso medio, tarsis tibiarumque posticarum apice nigris; alis fere fuscis, costa stigmateque nigris; ore albo. Long. 9 millim. Hab. Guatemata, Duefias (Champion). Frontal area flat, the sides distinct, especially behind, where it is rounded; the apex is wider and truncated ; lateral foveze longer than broad, without tubercles; central fovea flat, nearly square, but rather broad at the apex. Apex of clypeus rounded. The clypeus, labrum, mandibles, and palpi are white. The antenne are slightly thickened ; the third joint thin, much longer than the fourth, thickened slightly at the apex ; two basal joints thicker than it; the second thinner, especially at base, and a very little 14 HYMENOPTERA. ® longer than first; four apical joints much shorter than the others, and closely pressed together ; accessory nervure in hind wings appendiculated. Legs pale at the base, apex of intermediate tibiee and tarsi black.. The second cubital cellule is longer and narrower than the third, which is double the width of the base at the apex; the second has a horny point; the transverse median nervure is received beyond the middle of the cellule. Claws simple. The male has the apex of the abdomen black above and slightly at the base; some- times there is a black longitudinal mark on each of the lateral lobes of the mesonotum. The black band on the dorsum of S. nigricornis is not continuous, being interrupted at the junction of the segments. From S. ruficollis S. nigricornis differs in its longer and thinner antenne, the third joint especially being longer and thinner, and in the black posterior tarsi and apex of tibie; from S. fuscipennis it differs in the luteous pleure and metathorax, white mouth, and appendiculated accessory nervure in the hind wings. 19. Strongylogaster fulviventris. (Tab. I. fig. 13, 2.) Strongylogaster fulviventris, Norton, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. i. p. 223; Catal. p. 154’. Hab. Mexico, Angang (Saussure 1). _. The frontal area is broad and not very deep; behind, the furrows meet at an angle; the apex slightly curved; a blunt ridge runs from the sides at the apex towards the eyes. The third cubital cellule is nearly one fourth shorter than the second. 20. Strongylogaster meritorius. Strongylogaster meritorius, Norton, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. ii. p. 221'; Catal. p. 1538, 9 & 6; Cresson, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. viii. p. 62. Hab. Mexico, Cuantla, Tierra Caliente (Saussure1); GuaremaLta, San Gerénimo (Champion). The frontal area in thts species is sharply triangular; the sutures are deep, and proceed down the sides of the frontal area. ‘The accessory nervure in hinder wing is interstitial; the transverse median is received nearly in the middle of the cellule; the second cubital cellule is distinctly longer than the third. 8. nigritorius is a larger and stouter insect than it, and is easily separated from S. meritorius by its black breast and by the row of black dots along each side of the abdomen. 21. Strongylogaster nigritorius. (Tab. I. fig. 14.) Strongylogaster nigritorius, Norton, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. ii. p. 2227; Catal. p.154,9 $1; Cresson, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. viii. p. 62. Hab. Mexico, Cuantla, Tierra Caliente (Saussure). The sutures on the vertex are deep; the frontal area is well defined and moderately STRONGYLOGASTER. 15 deep; behind it is rounded, but not broadly; in front it is truncated, and angled at the sides, and from each angle a ridge runs to the eyes, the space above this ridge being shallow; the eyes have a suture immediately behind them above. The meso- notum in front rises rather perpendicularly over the pronotum, as it does also with S. meritorius ; the suture on the middle lobe is deep; it does not extend to the apex. It is a stouter insect than S. nigricornis, which has the black marks on the dorsum continuous; its wings are darker, the third cubital cellule is longer compared with the second, while it wants also the black marks on the mesonotum. 22. Strongylogaster fuscipennis. Rufus, capite, mesopleuris, metanoti medio, abdominis apice, tarsis tibiisque posticis nigris; alis fuscis, costa stigmateque nigris. 9. Long. 9 millim. Hab. Mexico. Frontal area and furrows not very clearly defined, the former rounded and ridged behind, central antennal fovea deep, lateral indistinct; eyes oval, not reaching to base of mandibles. The transverse radial nervure is received in apical third of third cubital cellule, which is not much longer than broad, and much wider at apex than at base ; there is a distinct horny point in the middle of second cubital cellule, which is longer than the third; the transverse median nervure is received a little beyond the middle of cellule; the accessory nervure in hind wing is very shortly appendiculated. The four anterior coxee are pale, the posterior slightly darker, black at the base; the posterior knees are black; posterior tibiz dark testaceous on underpart of basal fourth, the rest black; spurs testaceous. The ventral surface is marked with transverse black bands interrupted in the middle; on the basal half above there are fuscous transverse marks; the three apical segments are entirely black. The two basal joints of antenne are black; the rest are wanting. May be known from S. tibialis and S. rujicollis by the shorter and much wider third cubital cellule. From S. nigricornis the black mouth and pleuree and much wider third cubital cellule distinguish it, as also the coxe being marked with black. 23. Strongylogaster ruficollis. Niger, ore albido ; pronoto, mesonoto cum scutello, abdominis basi, tegulis pedibusque rufis ; alis fuscis, stigmate et costa nigris. ¢ 2. Long. 8 millim. Hab. Guarema.a, San Gerénimo (Champion), several specimens. Front punctured, vertex smooth, shining, frontal area indistinct; three antennal fovee large, round. Eyes oval. The antenne are slightly shorter than the abdomen, stout, shortly pilose; the third joint one fourth longer than the fourth; the apex scarcely attenuated. Clypeus transverse. Usually the middle of the three basal segments of abdomen is dull red; but the red colour may extend over the whole of 16 HYMENOPTERA. the basal segments, as well as the metanotum. The transverse radial nervure is received in the apical fourth of the cellule, and quite close to the third transverse cubital; the transverse median is received beyond the middle of the cellule; the accessory nervure in hind wings is shortly appendiculated. The third cubital cellule is- longer than the second. The colour of the legs is paler than that of the thorax: Claws simple. 24. Strongylogaster diversipes. (Tab. I. fig. 5.) Selandria diversipes, Kirby, List of Hymen. i. p. 189, t. 8. f. 22. Hab. Mexico, Orizaba; Costa Rica, Irazu 6000 to 7000 feet (Rogers); Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui 2500 to 4000 feet (Champion). The antenne are longer than the abdomen, stout, minutely pilose, the joints (espe- cially the apical) produced at the apices beneath, the third joint longer than fourth. The frontal sutures and the area are subobsolete ; the lower ocellus is bounded behind by a deep triangular furrow ; the fovee are large, moderately deep; the outer round, with a small tubercle in the centre, the central larger and more irregular in shape. The third cubital cellule is long and narrow, longer than the second, which is a little longer than the fourth, and has a horny point; the transverse median nervure is received close to centre of cellule. The claws are bifid. The amount of reddish white on the thorax varies. The palpi are blackish in all my specimens; and the labrum is sometimes black. 25. Strongylogaster nigricans. Strongylogaster nigricans, Norton, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. ii. p. 223; Catal. p. 155°. Hab. Mexico, Cuantla, Tierra Fria (Saussure!); Guaremata, San Gerdénimo (Cham- pion). Frontal area large, deepest in the centre below the ocellus, truncated at apex at sides, rounded behind; from the sides at apex runs a ridge in the direction of the eyes; lateral fovea scarcely indicated, central large. Eyes converging. Third joint of antenne a little longer than the fourth, the middle joints thickened, apex attenuated; second joint longer than broad, not globular. Palpi black. Coxe at base black, the rest white. Posterior femora entirely black, except at extreme base and apex, middle pair lined with black on both sides; the anterior have more white in front. Apex of four anterior tibie behind and at extreme apex all round, black ; posterior with apical third black all round. Four anterior tarsi fuscous black, except on metatarsus; posterior tarsi black, the metatarsus white at base; spurs black. Wings with a smoky tinge; transverse radial nervure received very close to third transverse cubital; third cubital cellule a little longer than second ; transverse median received a little beyond the middle of the cellule. STRONG YLOGASTER. | 17 The Mexican specimens have the four anterior legs almost devoid of black, and the posterior legs have less black than in the Guatemalan specimens I have described above ; the latter agree with Norton’s variety. 26. Strongylogaster lineatus. Strongylogaster lineatus, Norton, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. ii. p. 2231; Catal. p. 155. Hab. Mexico, Angang (Saussure). 27. Strongylogaster nigredo. Strongylogaster nigredo, Norton, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. ii. p. 2231; Catal. p. 155. Hab. Mexico, Toluca (Saussure *). This species is closely allied to S. nigricans, but may readily be known from it by the black mouth, collar, and tegulz, by the black hinder legs and coxe, the four anterior legs, too, being for the greater part black. The third cubital cellule is shorter and much wider than the second; the transverse median nervure is received beyond the middle of the cellule. The frontal area is clearly defined by ridges; it is truncated behind ; at the apex the sides are angled ; and from the apex of the angle runs a ridge towards the eye; the apex is straight ; the head projects behind the eyes. The amount of white on the anterior legs appears to vary. 28. Strongylogaster bicolor. (Tab. I. fig. 4, 9; 4a, saw.) Niger, ore, tegulis, linea pronoti, femoribus, tibiis tarsisque albis, tarsis posticis tibiarumque apice nigris ; clypeo exciso; alis fere hyalinis. Long. fere 10 millim. Hab. Guatemata, Duefias (Champion). Frontal area indistinct above, the sides more clearly indicated at apex; from the apex runs a ridge to the eyes as in WS. lineatus ; lateral fovee appearing as longish furrows from this ridge; central large. Eyes converging. Antenne as long as the abdomen, thickened in the middle, attenuated at the apex; clypeus sharply incised in the middle; palpi blackish. Legs white; base of coxe, a line behind on the four anterior femora and tibie, apical three fourths of posterior femora, apical third of hinder tibiee, and tarsi black, save at base ; apex of anterior tarsi fuscous ; spurs black ; claws bifid. The transverse radial nervure is received at apical third of cellule ; second cellule longer than third; the accessory nervure in hind wing interstitial. The vertex is punctured. On the base of abdomen is a thin white line. Differs from S. lineatus in being larger, in having the antenne longer, clypeus incised, wings clearer, and transverse radial received further from third transverse cubital. 0. nigricans, again, has the antenne “slender, not longer than the thorax.” BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Hymenopt., May 1883. DD 18 HYMENOPTERA. SELANDRIA. Selandria, Leach, Zool. Misc. iii. p. 126 (1817) ; Hart. Blattw. p. 263 (1837). Twenty-five species are referred by Kirby (List of Hymenoptera, p. 187) to this - genus—fourteen from Europe, two from North America, three from Brazil, and six from Mexico; but two of these latter I have transferred to Strongylogaster *. 1. Selandria luteola. Nigra, abdomine pedibusque rufo-luteis, ore albido, coxis, trochanteribus, femoribus basi, tibiarum posticarum apice tarsisque nigris; alis fumatis, costa et stigmate fuscis. Long. 4—5 millim. Hab. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui 3000 to 4000 feet (Champion). The antenne are stout, as long as the abdomen, the third joint is much longer than the fourth; the eyes converge on the lower side in front, and reach to the base of the mandibles; the frontal area is obsolete, the antenne are widely separated, the lateral sutures on the vertex wide, but not deep; the antennal fovee round, large; clypeus hairy, transverse, palpi white; the head retreats behind the eyes. The first transverse cubital nervure is subobsolete ; the second cubital cellule is a very little longer than the third, which is longer than the fourth; the first recurrent nervure is received a little in front of the middle of cellule; the transverse median nervure is received a little in front of the apical third of cellule; the transverse radial nervure is largely bullated in the middle. The apex of coxe is testaceous; the black on the femora reaches almost to the middle; behind the tibie are more or less fuscous; the anal appendages are black, pilose. 2. Selandria curialis. Selandria curials, Cresson, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. viii. p. 15’. Hab. Mexicol. 3. Selandria flavipes. Selandria flavipes, Norton, Proc. Bost. Soc. N. H. viii. 1861, p. 222.12; Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. i. p. 258; iv. p. 85; Catal. p. 121’. Selandria flavipes, Cresson, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. viii. p. 60’. Hab. Norra AMERICA.—MExico }. 4, Selandria glabra. Selandria glabra, Kirby, List of Hymen. 1. p. 190, t. 8. fig. 23°. Hab. Mexico, Orizaba!. * §. diversipes, Kirby, and S. inconspicua, Kirby. SELANDRIA. 19 _ 5. Selandria leucopoda. | Nigra, nitida; tegulis, pronoti limbo, macula laterali, mesopleuris pedibusque albido-stramineis, coxis basi tarsisque nigris; alis fere fuscis, costa et stigmate nigris. 9°. Long. 63 millim, Hab. Guatemata, San Gerénimo (Champion). The antenne are not much shorter than the head and thorax, thickened in the middle, attenuated at the apex, two basal joints comparatively large, third about one fourth longer than the fourth ; the last short, very conical and narrow. The transverse radial nervure is received close to the apical third of the third cubital cellule, and has a bulla; the first transverse cubital nervure is pellucid ; the third cubital cellule is a very little longer and wider than the second; the second transverse cubital nervure has a faint bulla, from which issues a double spurious vein to near the apex of the wing; the transverse median nervure is received in apical third of cellule. The > accessory nervure in hind wing is interstitial. Abdomen slightly carinated ; the apices of the segments beneath are broadly white; the clypeus is truncated at the apex. The frontal area is not very clearly defined; there is a hollow below the ocelli, and at the end of this hollow is a wider, deeper, but shorter one. The three frontal fovez are large, moderately deep, and united. The head scarcely projects behind the eyes; the claws are simple. 6. Selandria crassa. (Tab. IT. figg. 5,2; 5a, head; 56, antenna; 5, tarsus.) Nigra, ore, pronoto, mesonoti lateribus, mesopleuris tegulisque albo-testaceis; pedibus flavo-albidis, tarsis nigris ; alis fumatis, costa et stigmate nigris, cellula cubitali tertia fere breviore quam secunda. Long. 6 millim. Hab. Guatemata, San Isidro 1600 feet (Champion). The antenne are nearly as long as the abdomen, thickened in the middle, attenuated towards the apex, scape pale testaceous, third joint longer than the fourth. Sutures on vertex narrow butdeep. Frontal area raised, the bounding ridges indistinct, a flat suture round the ocellus. Lateral antennal fovea round, deep; central wider than long, shallow. Clypeus truncated ; the second cellule is of almost exactly the same length as third; the transverse radial nervure is received a good piece beyond the middle of the cellule, the transverse median near the apical third; there is a horny point in the second cubital cellule. The mesopleure are black behind, as also the breast ; the middle lobe of mesonotum is black, except the apex ; the cenchri are large. The face is covered with long white hair. A male Selandria from El Tumbador is probably the male of this insect; but the mesonotum, pronotum, and mesopleura, where these parts in the female are pale testaceous, are in it crimson, and the scutellum is black. The crimson tint is perhaps owing to discoloration by the action of cyanide of potassium. DD 2 20 HYMENOPTERA. 7. Selandria coccinata. Selandria coccinata, Norton, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. iv. p. 85*; Cresson, J. c. vill. p. 42. Hab. Mexico }. 8. Selandria mutica. Nigra, ore pedibusque albis, tarsis posticis et tibiarum apice nigris, tegulis, pronoto mesonotoque rufis; alis subhyalinis, costa et stigmate nigris. Long. 7 millim. Hab. Guatemaua, Capetillo (Champion). In coloration this species resembles S. crassa, except that the antenne are entirely black, and the pleure under the wings are not so broadly red, and it differs from it in the body being longer and narrower compared with the breadth. The antenne are shorter compared with the length of the body, and do not taper so much towards the apex ; they are thicker, and the last four joints are more abruptly shorter. ‘The frontal fovee are larger, the middle especially, and it is not placed so much below the others. The transverse radial nervure is received quite close to the third transverse cubital, and the transverse median nearer the middle of the cellule. The third joint of the posterior tarsi is double the length of the fourth, which is not the case with S. crassa; and the claws are simple, not cleft as in the latter. I thought at first that this was S. diversipes, Kirby; but Mr. Kirby has compared the species I have referred to Strongylogaster with his type, and tells me that it is undoubtedly his species. SS. mutica is very like S. diversipes in colour ; but the shorter third cubital cellule, the almost interstitial transverse radial nervure, simple spurs, and smaller size sufficiently distinguish it. 9. Selandria nigripes. Nigra, pilosa ; pro- mesothoraceque rufis ; alis fuscis; clypeo testaceo, truncato. Long. 73 millim. Hab. Panama, Bugaba, Chiriqui, David (Champion). The antenne are densely pilose, nearly as long as the abdomen, slightly thickened in the middle, attenuated towards the apex; third joint longer than fourth; sutures on vertex absent ; frontal area flat in the middle, the suture interrupted there; but there is a deep suture surrounding the ocellus, and a less distinct shallower and broader one at the apex; at the apex of the ocellus is a large fovea. Lateral antennal fovee large, flat ; central wider than long, deep in the centre. The transverse radial nervure is received not far beyond the middle of cellule, the transverse median a little beyond the middle; there is a bulla in the transverse radial and first transverse cubital nervures ; a horny point in second cubital cellule. The accessory nervure in hinder Wing is interstitial ; the blotch is very large. SELANDRIA.—MONOPHADNUS. 21 10. Selandria ruficollis. Selandria ruficollis, Norton, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. i. p. 259; Catal. p. 1217. Hab. Mexico }, 11. Selandria varitarsis. Nigra, pronoto, mesonoto, mesopleuris tegulisque rufis; antennis pilosis; alis fumatis, cellula cubitali tertia breviore quam secunda. Long. 5 millim. Hab. Mexico (Sallé) ; Guarmmaa, Cubilguitz (Champion). Antenne nearly as long as the abdomen; third joint thinner at base than at apex, longer than fourth; three apical joints abruptly shorter than preceding, the ninth thinnest, sharply conical. Sutures on vertex broad, moderately deep. Frontal area interrupted in the middle, narrower and sharper-pointed at base than at apex, the suture behind the ocellus being also deeper ; a large fovea in front of ocellus; lateral antennal fovee large, roundish, shallow, and running into the central one, which is not so wide. Clypeus truncated. The first radial cellule is shorter than the second; third cubital, shorter than second, receives the transverse radial nervure a little beyond the middle; the transverse. median nervure is received a little beyond the middle of cellule. The greater part of the four posterior metatarsi is dull white, anterior black. The legs are thickly covered with hair, which gives the tibie especially a dull appearance; the metatarsus is shorter than the succeeding joints, The blotch is very large. Similar to S. nigripes in coloration, but is smaller, the antenne are shorter, thicker, and less pilose, the third cubital cellule shorter compared with second ; metatarsus shorter, and white for the greater part. It may possibly be a variety of S. rujicollis; but the description is not sufficiently detailed to enable me to settle this point. 8. ruficollis, however, has the anterior femora and tibie yellow, and the apical half of middle femora and tibiz obscure reddish. Norton’s variety very possibly belongs to S. varitarsis. MONOPHADNUS. Monophadnus, Hartig’, Blattwespen, p. 271. Waldheimia, Brullé, Hym. iv. p. 665. The majority of the Neotropical species of Monophadnus differ from the Palearctic forms in the posterior coxe being larger, reaching sometimes to the fourth abdo- minal segment; the metatarsus is longer than all the other tarsal joints together ; and the antenne.are usually pilose, thickened beyond the middle, and with the last four joints abruptly shorter. These three characters are found more or less in the other genera of Selandriades inhabiting the Neotropical Region; they are comparative characters in all of them, and cannot be readily used in diagnosing genera. For instance, while in some species of Monophadnus the posterior coxe reach cr go beyond the 22 HYMENOPTERA. apex of the fourth abdominal segment, in other species they do not reach much beyond the middle of the third; and the same remark applies to the length of the metatarsus. I have therefore sunk Waldheimia, which was formed for a species which possessed the three peculiarities I have mentioned above. The majority of the Neotropical species are much longer than the Nearctic or Palearctic species. Some tinge of yellow is the prevalent colour ; and the wings are seldom or never altogether hyaline. Monophadnus is the largest of the genera allied to Selandria ; fifteen species have been described from America north of Mexico, five or six from South America. There are forty European; three are known from Japan and China, and one from India. 1. Monophaduus scutellatus. Monophadnus scutellatus, Kirby, List of Hymen. i. p. 177, t. 7. £. 18°. Hab. Mexico, Orizaba!. 2.. Monophadnus trimaculatus. (Tab. Il. fige. 6, ¢; a, head, from front; 6, from side; ¢c, antenna; d, claws; ¢, tarsus). — Niger, nitidus, antennis (apice excepto), vertice, maculis 3 mesonoti, abdominis fasciis medio tibiisque posticis dimidio apicali nigris, antennarum apice tarsisque albis; alis flavo-hyalinis, costa et stigmate testaceis. Long. 10 millim. Hab. Guatemaa, Zapote (Champion). The antenne are not much longer than the abdomen, thickened in the middle, pilose; third joint one fourth longer than the fourth, apex of first joint and four apical joints white. Sutures on vertex shallow ; frontal area indistinct in front, distinct behind and in the middle; the base sharply pointed ; a shallow fovea in front of ocellus ; the apex of fovea raised in middle. Lateral antennal fovee of moderate size, running into the large central one, which is double their size. Clypeus rounded at apex. The transverse median nervure is received a little in front of cellule; transverse radial in apical third of third cubital, which is double the length of second, and one half wider at apex than at base. There is a distinct appendicular cellule in hind wings; their accessory nervure is shortly appendiculated. Claws bifid. There is a small black spot on each side of sternum, and another on upperside of metapleura. The black mark on centre of vertex is wider at base than at apex, and projects at the ends. 3. Monophadnus letus. Rufo-testaceus, antennis, capite (ore excepto), abdominis apice, tibiis tarsisque nigris ; alis flavescenti-hyalinis, apice fusco, nervis testaceis. Long. 11 millim. Hab. Panama (Boucard). Broad compared with the length. The antenne are pilose, thickened in the middle, MONOPHADNUS. 23 distinctly attenuated at the apex. The sutures on vertex are deep; the frontal area is deep, well-defined, open at the middle on lower sides, a furrow issuing through the open part from the ocellus; fovee scarcely indicated; clypeus truncated at apex, but with the edges rounded. The clypeus, labrum, and mandibles are testaceous ; there is also a small brownish mark on the outer side of the frontal suture. ‘The transverse radial nervure is in apical third of cellule ; transverse median a little in front of middle ; the first recurrent nervure is received in middle of the second cubital cellule, which is considerably shorter than the third; the apex of stigma is blackish, as are also the nervures in front of it. This species comes near UW. ochra, but is much larger and broader, the apex of abdomen is black, and only the apex of the wings is fuscous, the transverse radial and recurrent nervures are received further from the transverse cubitals, the space above the antenne is not so hollow, and the frontal area is better marked at the apex. 2 4, Monophaduus fascipennis. (Strongylogaster fuscipennis, Tab. I. fig. 17.) Selandria fascipennis, Norton, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. iv. p. 84; Cresson, J. c. vii. p. 40, g & 2 , Hab. Mexico}. 5. Monophaduus costalis. Rufo-testaceus, antennis pilosis, nigris; costa, abdominis apice tibiisque (basi excepta) nigris; tarsis nigris, basi alba ; alis flavo-hyalinis, apice leniter fusco, stigmate testaceo. Long. 10 millim. Hab. Mexico, Valladolid in Yucatan (Gaumer). Antenne thick, pilose, shorter than the abdomen; third joint much longer than fourth, four last joints abruptly shorter. Clypeus rounded at apex ; face covered with long testaceous hair. Sutures on vertex shallow; frontal area small, oval, sharp at base, the apex open, connected by a furrow with the central antennal fovea; lateral antennal fovea deep in the centre, but widening out round the edge. Third cubital cellule more than double the length of second, which, on its lower side, is not much longer than the first on its lower side; it is angled where it receives the recurrent nervure at the apical third; the transverse radial nervure is received a little beyond the middle; transverse median a little in front of middle of cellule. The two posterior tibie are black, except at base, which is pale testaceous; the anterior are only black behind in the middle, at apex all round. Not much more than the half of the four anterior tarsi are white, more than two thirds of posterior. The space surrounding the ocelli is black. The claws are bifid. 6. Monophadnus annulipes. (Tab. I. figg. 8, 2; 3a, maxilla; 6, labrum; c, mandible.) Testaceus, antennis, vertice, macula supra coxas posticas, abdominis apice, femoribus posticis cum apice tibiarum 24 HYMENOPTERA. et tarsorum nigris ; genibus, tibiis tarsorumque basi albis ; alis flavo-hyalinis, apice fusco, costa et stigmate flavis. Long. 9 millim. Hab. Guatemata, Cahabon, El Reposo (Champion). The antenne are as long as the abdomen, densely pilose, moderately thickened in the middle, attenuated at the apex; the pedicle of the scape is testaceous. The sutures on vertex are deep and curved round the ocelli; the frontal area is bluntly pointed at the base, the sides curved, the apex open, the ocellus is surrounded with a furrow; the three antennal fovee are very large, the lateral rounded and wider than the central, and have a rounded projection in the middle; the central is longer than wide ; the projection in the centre is widest at the apex. Clypeus rounded at the apex ; ‘the cheeks densely pilose. The mark on vertex only surrounds the ocelli. The trans- verse radial nervure is received in the apical third of cellule ; transverse median before the middle; the third cubital cellule is much longer and wider than the second, and double the width of base at the apex. There isa distinct bulla in the transverse radial, and third and fourth transverse cubital and second recurrent nervures ; a double spurious vein issues from the bulla on third transverse cubital ; a single one issues from near the base of the first recurrent nervure to the bulla on second recurrent, where it bifurcates into two. All the tarsi are black from the second joint. The front femora are testaceous, except a black line at the base ; the middle are black to a little beyond the middle; posterior black, except the extreme base and apex. The apical two thirds of the four posterior tibiz are black ; claws bifid; spurs testaceous. The antenne are longer and thinner than in JI. costalis; the frontal area slightly shorter ; and the lateral furrows from it do not run down into the central antennal fovea, although, as in WZ. costalis, there is a central depression running into it; the antennal fovee are larger; the wings are more clouded at the apex, the bulle more distinct, they being scarcely visible in MZ, costalis, which has besides no spurious veins ; the femora are marked with black; and it is also a narrower insect. 7. Monophadnus interstitialis. Rufo-testaceus, antennis nigris, basi testacea; pedibus testaceis, tibiis intermediis apice, posticis dimidio apicali nigris; alis flavo-hyalinis, apice fusco, nervis testaceis, nervo 2° recurrente interstitiali, costa et stigmate testaceis ; foveolis frontalibus parvis. Long. 9 millim. Hab. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui, 2000 to 3000 feet (Champion). The antenne are a little longer than the abdomen, but slightly thickened in the middle, densely pilose, the third joint a little longer than the fourth, the apex not attenuated, the scape testaceous. Sutures on vertex very shallow and indistinct ; frontal area proper absent; but there is a shallow pit in front of ocellus; antennal fovee small, shallow. Clypeus truncated at the apex; ocelli surrounded with black. MONOPHADNUS. 25 The transverse radial nervure is received in the apical third of the cellule, the trans- verse median a little in front of middle of the cellule ; the second recurrent interstitial ; the third cubital cellule is a little shorter than the second, much wider at the base than at the apex; bulle not very distinct. The claws are bifid; the posterior spurs black; the posterior tibie black, except at the base; the middle pair only black at the apical half. The two apical joints of all the tarsi are black; the rest of the tarsi. pallid testaceous; the legs are more pallid in colour than the body. The sheath is black and long. 2 Very closely allied to MM. testaceipes, but smaller and broader compared with the length ; the antenne are thinner and not so densely clothed or with such a long pile; frontal area less defined, antennal foveee smaller and not united by a suture, the under fovea especially being much smaller; the clypeus is not so rounded, the nervures are not so dark, being testaceous not blackish, the spurious veins less distinct ; and the tarsi are not so white. 8. Monophadunus testaceus. Testaceus, antennis sat dense pilosis, nigris, basi testacea, foveola interantennali magna, tibiarum intermedi- arum apice, posticis ultra medium nigris; tarsis albidis, apice nigro; alis hyalinis, apice lenissime fusco, nervis fuscis; stigmate et costa testaceis. Long. 11 millim. Hab. Guatemata, San Gerénimo (Champion). Antenne pilose, the scape and the base of the third joint testaceous, thickened in the middle, third longer than fourth ; last four joints abruptly shorter, very slightly attenuated. Head narrow, retreating behind the eyes, where it is very slightly developed ; sutures on the vertex shallow; frontal area visible only as a depression in front of the ocellus; antennal fovea distinct, central large, a little longer than broad, running into the lateral ones at its apex. Clypeus rounded. Face short; eyes not reaching to the mandibles. The transverse median nervure is received a very little in front of the middle of the cellule, the transverse radial in the apical fourth ; third cubital cellule wider and much shorter than the second; the second recurrent nervure is received a very little in front of the second transverse cubital and in the second cubital cellule; the accessory nervure in the hind wing shortly appendiculated. Claws simple; the extreme apex of the posterior tarsi is black. Easily known from the other yellow species by the third cubital cellule being shorter than the second, and by the second recurrent nervure being received in the second cubital cellule; but the latter may be an exceptional character. 9. Monophaduus tibialis. Testaceus, antennis, tibiis tarsisque nigris, alis flavo-hyalinis, apice fusco, cellula cubitali 3° longiore quam 2*. Long. 14 millim. Hab. Guatema.a, San Gerénimo (Champion). BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Hymenopt., July 1883. EE ? ¥ a a ‘ oe et 26 HYMENOPTERA. Antenne scarcely pilose, shorter than the abdomen, thickened in the middle, last four joints abruptly shorter and more globular than the preceding, third joint more than one third longer than the fourth. Face long, lateral sutures on the vertex deep, ‘central faintly indicated. Frontal area small, oval, but a little wider at the apex; three antennal fovee large, but not very deep compared with their size, the lateral running into the central at the lower end. Clypeus rounded at the apex. Eyes oblong, not reaching to the mandibles. The transverse median nervure is received close to the middle of the cellule, transverse radial in the apical third, second recurrent nervure almost interstitial; third cubital cellule scarcely one half longer than the second ; there is a bulla in the transverse radial nervure, a fainter one in the second and third transverse cubital, and one more distinct and longer in the second recurrent. The accessory nervure in the hind wings shortly appendiculated; the anterior tibie are testaceous in front; the tarsi for the greater part of the same colour. The abdomen is a half longer than the thorax and head; the saw issues from the fifth abdominal segment; the sheath black and pilose. The wings are clouded from a little behind the apex of the stigma; the nervures are testaceous. 10. Monophadnus ochra. (Tab. II. fig. 7, 3.) Selandria ochra, Norton, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. 1. p. 249*; Catal. p. 111, ¢. Hab. Mexico, Cordova (de Saussure +), Valladolid in Yucatan (Gawmer) ; Nicaragua, Chontales (Janson). I presume the specimens from Nicaragua and Yucatan are identical with Norton’s species ; but the characteristic alar neuration is not described. The transverse radial and second recurrent (very nearly) nervures are interstitial; the transverse median is received considerably in front of the middle of cellule, which is a little longer than the second. ‘The vertical sutures are wide, the space between the ocelli and the eyes being slightly hollowed; the frontal area is well defined, but open completely at the lower end, the ridge curving towards the eyes; the fovee are flat. 11. Monophadnus violaceipennis. (Tab. II. fig. 8,6: a, head; 6, posterior wing. ) Nigro-ceruleus, ore, tarsis tibiisque pro parte albidis, alis nigro-violaceis. Long. 9 millim. Hab. GuateMaLa, Panima (Champion). The antenne are pilose, as long as the abdomen, thickened from the fourth joint, the third joint much longer than the fourth, the third and fourth joints thinner than the succeeding, the apex scarcely attenuated. The sutures on the vertex are flat, broad, the frontal area ill defined ; a broad furrow runs from the lower ocellus to the central antennal fovea, which is larger, but still smaller than the more rounded lateral ones, with which it is united by a broad furrow. The eyes are large, converging, reaching to the base of the mandibles ; clypeus small, rounded at the apex ; labrum nearly as long MONOPHADNUS. 27 as the clypeus, which projects alittle over it; the labrum and clypeus are white ; man- dibles blackish, as are also the palpi. The transverse radial nervure is received in the apical fourth of the cellule, the first recurrent beyond the middle of the second cubital cellule, which is only a little longer than the first, and not half the length of the third; second recurrent received a little beyond the second transverse cubital; the transverse median is received a little in front of the middle of the cellule. In the hind wings the transverse nervures are at the edge of the wing. There is a bulla in the transverse radial and first transverse cubital. The apex of the coxe, the trochanters, the apex of the femora, the tarsi except at the apex, four anterior tibie, and the base of the posterior tibiee are black. The metatarsus is longer than all the othér joints; the claws almost bifid. The cubital nervure forms almost a half-circle; the hinder wings are lighter-coloured than the anterior. Comes near to MV. longipennis, Norton, but probably distinct. 12. Monophaduus longipennis. Selandria longipennis, Norton, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. iv. p. 84+; Cresson, loc. cit. -viii. p. 41, 2. Hab. Mexico, Cordova (Sumichrast '). 13. Monophadnus fumosus. Nigro-violaceus, pilosus, thorace tegulis unguiculisque rufis, alis nigro-violaceis. Long. 9-10 millim. Hab. Panama, Bugaba (Champion). The clypeus is truncated at the apex, rounded at the sides; the lateral frontal fovee are shallow, much smaller than the central, which is joined by a wide suture to the frontal area, which is deep, rounded behind the ocellus.and hollowed in front of it. Frontal sutures wide, moderately deep; the vertex is indistinctly carinated in the centre; below the lateral ocelli is a small fovea. Spurs very short, curved; claws apparently simple. Wings longish; the first cubital cellule is small, broader than long, the second about one third shorter than the third; the transverse radial nervure is received in front of the apical third of the cellule, first recurrent in the basal third ; second not far from the second transverse cubital: there are spurious veins running through all the bulla. The male does not differ from the female beyond the second cubital cellule being a little longer compared with the third. This species cannot, I think, be U. cordigera; for that is stated to have the antenne “about as long as the head and mesothorax together,” while in the present species they are distinctly longer than the head and entire thorax together; the abdomen in M. cordigera is “ almost as broad as long ;” here it is much longer than broad ; in I. cor- digera the wings are clearer at the.apex; here they are uniform in tint, and the claws are simple. Compared with MZ. suturalis the antenne are longer and thinner, more pilose, and the third joint is not nearly so long compared with the fourth; the sides of the clypeus are more rounded, the central frontal fovee larger and deeper, and the lateral EE 2 28 HYMENOPTERA. smaller; the second cubital cellule is much longer, and the abdomen shorter and broader compared with its length. MW. imitatrix is readily known from it by the shallow frontal area, small frontal foveee, shorter and thicker antenne, much shorter second — cubital cellule, and bifid claws. | 14. Monophadnus cordigera. Tenthredo cordigera, Beauv. Ins. Afr. Amér. p. 97, Hym. t. 9. f. 4 (1805). Monophadnus cordigera, Kirby, List of Hymen. i. p. 175°. Allantus barda, Say, Bost. Journ. i. p. 218°. Selandria barda, Norton, Proc. Bost. Soc. viii. p. 220; id. Trans. Amer. Ent. Soe. i. p. 247. Selandria dubia, Cresson, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil. iv. p. 264; Nort. Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. i. p. 248. Hab. Norta AMERICA.—MExico 1,—VENEZUELA!; Braziu}. I quote the above from Kirby1. JT. cordigera is possibly my M. suturalis. But the latter is not Allantus barda; for that is stated to have claws with a “ very minute obtuse inner tooth, distant from the tip,” while in M. suturalis it is equally cleft ; Cresson, too, says that the abdomen in Selandria dubia is “short, almost as broad as long,” which does not apply to M. suturalis. Norton states that the claws in A. dubia are as in S. darda. 15. Monophadnus suturalis. Niger, pronoto, mesonoto tegulisque rufis; tibiarum anteriorum margine antico sordide testaceo ; alis violaceis. Long. fere 11 millim. Hab. GuaTeMata, San Geronimo (Champion). Antenne shorter than the abdomen, thickened in the middle, eighth and ninth thinner than the sixth and seventh, which are rounded on the lower side, third joint about one third longer than the fourth; pilose. Sutures on vertex broad, the part behind the ocelli and bounded by the sutures raised and separated from the ocelli by an indistinct furrow ; in front in the centre of the raised portion is a fine suture. Frontal area clearly defined, open behind by a narrow furrow, and in front it is continued by a furrow into the central fovea, this furrow being much wider than the one behind; central fovea larger than the others; lateral round. Clypeus rounded. The transverse radial nervure is received a little past the middle of the cellule, the transverse median nearly in the middle ; the second cubital cellule is not much longer than the first, and not half the length of the third; it hasa large horny point in the centre. The claws are thick, with the apex cleft. The tarsi are a little longer than the tibie; the metatarsus scarcely so long as the succeeding joints. ‘The anterior knees, tibie, and tarsi are dirty testaceous in front. The male has the third cubital cellule much shorter; there is no furrow leading from the frontal area into the central fovea, so that the area is a mere pit enclosing the ocellus; the base is narrow, the apex wider and rounded. ‘The base is closed; and there is no suture on the pad-like elevation behind the ocelli. MONOPHADNUS. 29 The largest of the black and red species. Easily known by the large size of the frontal foves. 16. Monophadnus mexicanus. | Selandria mexicana, Norton, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. i. p. 248, iv. p. 84; Catal. p. 110, 9&¢". Hab. Mexico}. 17. Monophaduus obsoletus. Nigro-violaceus, prothorace, mesonoto cum scutello pleuris tegulisque rufis; alis violaceis, nervo radiali interstitiali, cellula cubitali 2* longiore quam 3%. Long. 8 millim. Hab. Panama, Bugaba (Champion). The antenne are thickened towards the middle, densely pilose, third joint nearly one half longer than the fourth. Clypeus truncated in the middle, broadly rounded at the sides; it, as well as the labrum, is covered with long hair. Frontal foves almost obsolete; in the centre of the lateral is a small round tubercle, frontal area with a furrow open at the apex, surrounding the lower ocellus; sutures on vertex deep, wide. Eyes large. First radial cellule longer than the second; first cubital cellule longer than broad, third much dilated at the apex. Closely allied to MV. imitatrix and M. clypeatus, but differs from both in the frontal foveee being almost completely obliterated, and especially the central, while in the species just mentioned they are clearly defined, by the interstitial radial nervures, and by the second cubital cellule being longer than the third. The claws are apparently simple, and the metatarsus is a little shorter than all the other joints together; the anterior tibie are dirty white in front. 18. Monophadnus imitatrix. Niger, pronoto mesonotoque cum scutello rufis, ore, genibus tibiisque anticis sordide albis; alis violaceis, apice subhyalinis. Long. 8 millim. Hab. Guatemata, San Gerénimo, Quiche Mountains, Duefias, Capetillo (Champion). The antenne are a little shorter than the abdomen, moderately stout, covered with a microscopic pile, the third joint nearly one half longer than the fourth. The four apical joints abruptly shorter than the rest, and not much longer than broad. Sutures on the vertex distinct ; lower ocellus surrounded by a triangular pit, the apex not being so clearly defined as the base ; frontal fovese moderate, not united, the middle one smallest. Clypeus with its edges rounded. The first radial cellule is a little shorter than the second ; transverse radial nervure straight, not curved, received in the apical third of the cellule, transverse median in the middle; second cubital cellule scarcely half the length of the third. Abdomen a little longer than the head and thorax, its apex with the sheath pilose. The tarsi are about the length of the tibia. Metatarsus about as long as the four succeeding joints. 30 HYMENOPTERA. M. mexicana seems to be very closely allied to this; but it has the coxe at the apex, the trochanters and the base of the femora, the anterior femora and tibie in front, and two thirds of the hinder femora below white, and the tegule red ; the wings, too, are equally subviolaceous. 19. Monophadnus clypeatus. Niger, pronoto, mesonoto tegulisque sanguineis, clypeo, genibus tibiisque anterioribus margine antico sordide albidis; alis violaceis. Long. 62 millim. Hab. Guatumata, Cerro Zunil, 4000 feet (Champion). Very similar to W/. imitatrix, but smaller, the antenne longer, more pilose, the third joint longer, being almost double the length of the fourth; the frontal foves are smaller, nearly equal in size, and distinctly separated; the pit enclosing the ocellus is roundish, not triangular ; labrum black; the tegule are red, the third cubital cellule is shorter. The claws are bifid. ‘The wings are deep violaceous, very slightly lighter in — tint at the apex. 20. Monophadnus erebus. Monophadnus erebus, Kirby, List of Hymen. i. p. 178, t. 8. f. 10’. Hab. Mexico.—Amazons, Para 1. 21. Monophadnus melanosternus. Luteus, antennis, pleuris, sterno abdominisque apice nigris; pedibus nigris, apice coxarum, trochanteribus, basi tibiarum et tarsorum albis ; alis flavescenti-hyalinis, apice famato ; nervis flavis. Long. fere 10 millim. Hab. Panama, Bugaba (Champion). The antenne are densely pilose; the four apical joints are abruptly shorter, and together are not much longer than the third joint. Clypeus truncated at the apex, rounded at the sides ; three frontal fovew large, deep, lateral round, middle longer and deeper; there is a fovea below the lower ocellus, and it is surrounded by a triangular groove ; frontal sutures deep; the second cubital cellule is not much longer than the length of the first on its lowerside, and not much more than half the length of the third on its upperside ; the transverse radial nervure is received in the apical third of the cellule; first recurrent in the middle, second not far from the second transverse cubital. The legs are densely pilose; the basal tarsal joint is white in all the legs ; claws bifid, spurs a little more than one third of the length of the metatarsus; nearly half of the anterior tibiz is white, of the posterior more than one third ; the anterior femora are white at the apex; the cloud in the fore wings commences at the end of the stigma, extends backwards to the second transverse cubital nervure, and then slopes along the second recurrent. This distinct species was received too late to be inserted in its proper place before M. annulipes. BLENNOCAMPA. 31 BLENNOCAMPA. Blennocampa, Htg. Blattw. p. 266 (1837). This genus is limited to those species which have no middle cellules in the posterior wings. It contains fewer species than Monophadnus, and is also somewhat more limited in distribution. Twenty-five European species are known; two have been described from Asia Minor, seven from North America, and five from South America (namely one from Brazil allied to B. subcwrulea, two from Para, and two from Chili). 1. Blennocampa albofemoralis. (Tab. Il. figg. 12, 2; 12a, head.) Nigra, pilosa, mesonoto (scutello excepto) tegulisque rufis ; metapleuris, coxis, femoribus, tibiarum basi, tarsis, ore pronotoque albis ; alis violaceis ; antennis pilosis. Long. 8-9 millim. Hab. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui 2000 to 3000 feet (Champion). . The antenne are as long as the abdomen, the third joint thinner at the base, longer than the fourth, the last four joints abruptly shorter. Sutures on the vertex deep; central ocellus surrounded by a wide and deep furrow. Two lateral fovee large; a tubercle in the centre, not united with the central fovea, which is small. The trans- verse radial nervure is received at the edge of the apical third of the cellule; transverse median a little in front of the middle, the first recurrent nervure is received close to the middle of the cellule; third cubital cellule much longer than the second ; there isa horny point at its base; and there is another in the second. In the hind wing is a long appen- dicular cellule. Claws subbifid; the clypeus is rounded at the edges, truncated in front; labrum rounded. The clypeus, labrum, and a little space between the antenne white; mandibles black. Palpi white, black at the apex. The metatarsus is as long as the four succeeding joints ; tarsi as long as the tibie; the apical joints of tarsi black. The abdomen is longer than the head and thorax; the blotch is very large, white ; apex of the abdomen and sheath covered with long hairs. 2. Blennocampa sumichrasti. Selandria sumichrasti, Norton, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. iv. p. 82; Cresson, loc. cit. vill. p. 40, 3°. Hab. Mexico, Cordova (Sumichrast 1). 3. Blennocampa intermedia. (Tab. II. figg. 11, ?: @, head; 6, tarsus; ¢, antenna.) Nigra, pronoto, tegulis mesonotoque rufis; antennis pilosis; alis violaceis, nervo 2° recurrente 1nterstitiali. Long. 8 millim. a Hab. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui 2000 to 3000 feet (Champion). The antenne are a little shorter than the abdomen, slightly thickened in the middle, attenuated at the apex, the third joint one half longer than the fourth. Head sharply narrowed behind the eyes; sutures on the vertex deep; frontal area forming a rounded furrow behind and in front of the ocellus, but open at the apex. Lateral fovee large, 32 HYMENOPTERA. 4 round, with a tubercle in the centre; central much longer than broad, deep, projecting behind, bifurcating round a tubercle in front; face covered with long white hair; clypeus scarcely transverse. The transverse radial and second recurrent nervures are interstitial; the third cubital cellule is a little longer than the second, which has an obscure horny point; the transverse median is received in the basal fourth of the cellule. There are spurious veins of the usual form in the radial, cubital, and discoidal cellules ; the appendicular cellule in the posterior wings is large. The tarsi are shorter than the tibie, the claws bifid. A specimen from Bugaba has the transverse radial and second recurrent nervure not interstitial, they being received at a little distance from the transverse cubital nervures ; but it does not differ otherwise. 4. Blennocampa leucosoma. Nigra, ore, genibus, tarsis tibiisque anticis sordide albis; pronoto, mesonoto tegulisque rufis; alis fusco- hyalinis. Long. 8 millim. Hab. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui 2000 to 3000 feet (Champion). The antennze are somewhat longer than he head and thorax, covered with a micro- scopic pile ; third joint much longer than the fourth, four apical joints abruptly shorter than the others, scarcely attenuated. Sutures on the vertex deep; lower ocellus sur- rounded by a deep furrow, frontal area proper not indicated; frontal fovea very large and united by a broad furrow; the central wider than long, projecting in the middle above. Clypeus truncated at the apex; palpi blackish fuscous. Mandibles black ; labrum and clypeus white; the second radial cellule is longer than the first; the trans- verse radial nervure is received in front of the middle of the cellule, the second recurrent almost interstitial ; third cubital cellule one fourth longer than the second, which is double the length of the first on the upperside; the transverse median is received in front of the middle of the cellule. In the hind wings the appendicular cellule is short. Claws bifid. Apart from the differences in the neuration and coloration, B. leucosoma differs from B. intermedia in the wings being lighter-coloured, the antenne shorter and with a shorter pile, the four apical joints more abruptly shorter, the metatarsus as long as the four succeeding joints, while in B. zntermedia they are distinctly shorter than it. Obs. Norton (J. ¢. p. 246) describes a species from Mexico as a variety of B. inhabilis (a species described from Massachusetts), which agrees pretty closely in coloration with B. leucosoma, and is possibly identical with it. 5. Blennocampa subcerulea. (Tab. II. fig. 109.) Subcerulea, nitida, antennis pilosis ; alis nigro-violaceis, cellula cubitali 3* longiore quam 2. Long. 74 millim. Hab. Guatemata, San Gerénimo (Champion) ; Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui 2500 to 4000 feet, Bugaba (Champion). BLENNOCAMPA. 33 The antenne are shorter than the head and thorax, moderately stout; third joint dis- tinctly thickened at the apex, and half as long as the fourth. Clypeus almost transverse ; the sutures on the vertex are deep at the sides of the ocelli, broader and shallower below them; the front is roughly blistered, so that the ridges of the frontal area are almost obscured; the broad sutures of the vertex end in a ridge, which curves round the antenne and goes round its inner side; the frontal fovee are not well marked; the lateral is represented above the above-mentioned ridge by a small tnbercle ; the central is not visible at all, but between the antenne is a large rounded tubercle surrounded by a furrow. The transverse radial nervure is received in the apical sixth of the cellule, the transverse median in front of the middle; the third cubital cellule is longer than the second by one third, is narrow at the base, much widened at the apex. There is a bulla on the transverse radial and first transverse cubital; and a double spurious vein goes through the cubital and discoidal cellules; and there is a single one in the first radial. The legs are stout, the tibia grooved on the inner side, the tarsi shorter than the tibia, the metatarsus shorter than the succeeding joints; the claws subbifid. ‘The abdomen is longer than the head and thorax, its apex pilose, as are also the cerci and apex of the sheath. The head is only very slightly developed behind the eyes. The male has the front smoother, not so blistered, the third cubital cellule shorter. 6. Blennocampa alpina. Nigra, antennis crassis, fere glabris, genibus tibiisque anticis sordide testaceis; alis fuscis, cellula cubitali 3° fere breviore quam 2°, Long. fere 7 millim. Hab. Mexico, Ciudad in Durango 8100 feet (Yorrer). The antenne are a little longer than the head and thorax, the third joint a little longer than the fourth, the rest to the penultimate becoming gradually shorter, but scarcely thinner ; the ninth longer than the eighth. ‘The head projects behind the eyes, close to which there is anarrow suture. ‘The sutures on the vertex are deep, if narrow ; frontal area moderately well defined, the apical edges angled, the middle straight. Central fovea large, longer than broad ; lateral ones indistinct. Clypeus with shallow punctures, the apex scarcely transverse; tips of mandibles piceous. The transverse radial nervure is received a very little beyond the middle of cellule ; transverse median a little in front of the middle; the third cellule is a little shorter and wider than the second, which bears a distinct horny point; there is a bulla in the first transverse cubital nervure ; the abdomen is not much longer than the head and thorax, the sheath: projecting, large, slightly pilose. Claws simple ; tarsi shorter than the tibie. The legs are covered with a greyish pile. . Readily known from all the other Neotropical species by the head being broadly developed and projecting behind the eyes, and by the punctured clypeus. The shape of the head is characteristic of northern forms. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Hymenopt., July 1883. FF 34 HYMENOPTERA. PCECILOSOMA. Pecilostoma, Dahlbom, Consp. Tenthr. p. 5 (1835). Empyria, Brullé, Hymén. iv. p. 666. This genus is of small extent, and is not of very wide distribution. Nine European species have been described, two North-American, and one is known from Chili. The typical species have black bodies and legs; and the white markings on the edges of the abdominal segments are characteristic. The black species are difficult to separate, unless attention be paid to structural details. 1. Pecilosoma mexicanum. (Tab. II. fige. 9; 9a, labium; 8, antenna; c, maxilla; d, saw; e, mandible.) Nigrum, nitidum, pilosum, tegulis, pronoti limbo, genibus tibiisque anterioribus margine albidis ; calcaribus posticis brevibus, unguiculis dente subapicali armatis; alis fumatis, costa et stigmate nigris. 9. Long. 6—7 millim. Hab. Mexico, Milpas in Durango 5900 feet (Forrer). The antenne are somewhat longer than the head and thorax, but shorter than the abdomen; they are thick, almost glabrous, the third joint nearly one fourth longer than the fourth, the last shorter and thinner than the eighth. The front and vertex are slightly shagreened; the sutures on the vertex are deep but narrow; the ocelli are separated from the part behind them by a deep furrow. The frontal area proper is obsolete; the lower ocellus has a short triangular furrow surrounding it behind; the front projects between the antenne, ending in a sharp point in the middle, and hollow on either side of this; the antennal fovea is large, deep, and round. Below each antenna is a large, deep, somewhat roundish depression. The clypeus is incised, with the edges acute; with a strong glass it is seen to be pitted with round shallow depressions ; the mandibles and sometimes. the labrum are piceous; the mandibles have a subapical tooth. ‘The eyes are comparatively small; the second radial cellule is a little shorter than the first; the transverse radial nervure is received a little in front of the third transverse cubital. The first transverse cubital nervure is distinct; the first cubital cellule is comparatively large; the second is longer than the third, but much narrower than it; in the second cubital cellule is a horny point; the recurrent nervures are received a little in front of the cellules, the transverse median nearly in the middle; the accessory nervure in the posterior wings is appendiculate. The cenchri are fuscous. Judging from the description, this species would appear to come close to P. inferen- tium, Norton, of which only the male has been described; but the present species appears to have longer. antenne, those organs in P. inferentium being “ short, not longer than to scutellum.” EMPHYTUS.—HYLOTOMA. 35 EMPHYTUS. Tenthredo, Fam. ix. (Emphytus, p.), Klug, Berl. Mag. viii. p. 278 (1819). Emphytus, Sect. i., Hartig, Blattw. p. 247 (1837). . Forty-six Palearctic species of this genus are known, mostly from Europe; but species are also known from Asia Minor, Algeria, Persia, and Japan. Seven species have been recorded from North America, where the genus is less numerously repre- sented than Harpiphorus, which differs from it only in having a median cellule in the posterior wings. This is the first record of the genus in the Neotropical Region. 1. Emphytus championi. (Tab. II. fig. 13, 2.) Niger, longus, nitidus, tegulis pronotoque albis; abdomine pedibusque luteis; tarsis posticis tibiarumque apice fuscis ; alis subfumatis, costa et stigmate nigris. Long. 8 millim. Hab. Guatemata, Purula (Champion). Head faintly punctured, frontal area indistinct, clypeus truncated at the apex. Antenne a little longer than the abdomen, finely pilose, third joint longer than the fourth. The transverse radial nervure is interstitial; the transverse median is received a little beyond the middle of the cellule. Claws simple. Sheath of the saw black. Very similar to the European £. serotinus, K1.; but that is broader and stouter, the pronotum is quite black, the third and fourth joints of antenne subequal, &c. 2. Emphytus mexicanus. Niger, genibus, tegulis tibiisque anticis sordide albidis ; alis fuscis. Long. 8 millim. Hab. Mexico (de Saussure). The transverse radial nervure is received in the apical third of the second cubital cellule, the transverse median in the middle; the head is slightly rugose, clypeus shortly incised. The antenne are shortly pilose, the third joint longer than the fourth ; the blotch is broad and white. There seems to be a pale line on the pro notum ; but it is not very distinct. This species is quite identical in coloration with the European Emphytus tener, Fall. Subfam. HYLOTOMINA. HYLOTOMA. Hylotoma, Latreille, Hist. Nat. iii. p. 302 (1802). Arge, Schrank, Fauna Boica, ii. pt. 2, p. 226 (1802). This is a very extensive and widely distributed genus. Forty-four Palearctic species are known, eleven from the East Indies, fifteen from the Ethiopian Region, twenty from America north of Mexico, and twenty from South America. a FF 2 36 HYMENOPTERA. 1. Hylotoma basimacula. Cerulea, nitida, pilosa, antennis nigris, abdominis basi tibiisque (apice excepto) albis, alis violaceis. Long. 13 millim. Hab. Panama, Bugaba (Champion). The antenne are thick, semiclavate, longer than the thorax, shortly pilose and grooved. The lower ocellus is placed in the frontal groove, which is wide and shallow and ends in the middle of the face, where its apex is not margined ; the face below it is covered with scattered white hair. The clypeus is incised at the apex. The blotch is broad, and forms a conspicuous white mark. ‘The wings are rather long; in the middle of both wings at the base is a small hyaline space; the second cubital cellule is a little shorter than the upperside of the third, and longer than its lower; the third is produced on the upperside; the third transverse cubital nervure almost touches the apical cellule; the second recurrent nervure is almost interstitial; the transverse median is received close to the basal third of the cellule. This species is allied to H. eximia; but it is easily separated from it by the totally violaceous wings and black tarsi and apex of the tibie. The two are quite different in coloration frem the other Central-American species. 2. Hylotoma eximia. Hylotoma eximia, Kirby, List of Hymen. i. p. 65, t. 5. f. 11". Hab. Mexico, Orizaba!. 3. Hylotoma dorsalis. Hylotoma dorsalis, Klug, Jahrb. 1. 1834, p. 236. 441; Norton, Proc. Amer. Ent. Soc. i. p. 67, iv. p. 78; Kirby, List of Hymen. i. p. 69°. Hab. Mexico’, Oaxaca”; GuatTeMaLa, Duefias, Capetillo (Champion). Klug’s description is very laconic, and I am not quite clear as to the specimens from Guatemala being identical with H. dorsalis. The antenne are densely pilose and slightly furrowed. The frontal area is flat behind, and without a clear border there ; beyond the ocellus the border is distinct, and the area is there moderately deep, espe- cially at the apex; the antennal fovea is long, and tapers gradually to a point; the base is deeper than the apical half. The wings are blackish ; the second recurrent nervure is almost interstitial; the transverse median nervure is received beyond the middle of the cellule. The head, thorax, and abdomen are bluish black (Klug describes these parts as “ black” in his #. dorsalis) ; the pronotum, tegule, mesonotum with scutellum red; the metathorax is black. Norton seems to think that H. dorsalis is identical with H. scapularis, Klug, a com- mon North-American species ; but the specimens I have described are certainly different —differing from H. scapularis in their longer antenne, in there being no “large spot HYLOTOMA. 37 on the pleura;” the costa and stigma are black, not ye llowish, while, again, the second recurrent nervure in H. scapularis is not interstitial. 4. Hylotoma procera. Hylotoma procera, Klug, Jahrb. i. p. 235. 88; Norton, Catal. p. 38. 10'. Hab. Mexico}. 5. Hylotoma vittata. Hylotoma vitiata, Kirby, List of Hymen. i. p. 70, t. 6. f. 2". Hab. Mexico}. 6. Hylotoma bivittata. (Tab. Il. fig. 14, 9; 14a, antenna; 144, head.) Lutea, antennis (basi excepta), maculis mesonoti et mesosterni, abdominis apice, genibus 4 posterioribus, tarsis tibiarumque apice nigris, ore, facie tibiisque albidis ; alis violaceo-fumatis, costa et stigmate fuscis. Long. 10 millim. Hab. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui, 2000 to 3000 feet (Champion). The antenne are as long as the abdomen and are shortly pilose ; the antennal fovea is wide and does not taper much towards the apex. The face below the frontal area is white, the tips of the mandibles piceous, the greater part of the lobes of the meso- notum (except the apex of the middle and the sides of the lateral) and the tegule are black ; the second recurrent nervure is received beyond the second transverse cubital, but at no great distance from it; the third cubital cellule is wider at the apex above than on the lower side; the posterior wings are lighter-coloured than the anterior. The black on the mesosternum forms either one mark or it may be divided into three. The calcaria are black. The mesonotum with only the middle lobe is black, the tegule testaceous, the abdomen with only the two apical segments and the sides of the third black above (the type has the four apical segments completely black). The tegule in the typical form are sometimes fuscous, and more rarely testaceous. The wings, too, differ in the intensity of the tint. What I take to be the male has the four posterior tibie and tarsi black, the extreme apex only of the abdomen and the apex of the middle lobe of the mesonotum are black. 7. Hylotoma testacea. Testacea, antennis (basi excepta), capite, abdominis apice, tarsis tibiarumque apice nigris; ore facieque inferne pallide testaceis; mesosterno fusco; tibiis albidis; alis hyalinis, apice obsoleto violaceo-fuscis, cellula cubitali tertia altitudine breviore ; costa et stigmate testaceis. Long. 9 millim. Hab. Costa Rica (Van Patten). The antenne are as long as the abdomen, shortly and closely pilose. The frontal 38 HYMENOPTERA. area is rounded (but not broadly) behind, and projects very slightly at the frontal ridge; the antennal fovea projects a little at the apex of the tubercle, which is small and sharply pointed; and the fovea retreats somewhat abruptly from it towards the apex; the second recurrent nervure is received close to the basal fourth of the third cubital cellule, which is much broader than long; the spurs are white. 8. Hylotoma pecila. | Hylotoma pecila, Klug, Jahrb. p. 239. 54; Norton, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. i. 68°; Catal. p. 38 9& 3°; Kirby, List of Hymen. i. p. 70’. Hab. Mexico, Orizaba?, Cordova 1, Tampico, Huastec, Tierra fria (H. de Saussure) ; GUATEMALA, Panzos (Champion). 9. Hylotoma intermedia. Rufo-testacea, antennis, capite, abdominis apice, tarsis tibiisque posterioribus nigris; alis fuscis, medio flavo- hyalinis ; costa et stigmate nigris, basi testacea. Long. 10 millim. Hab. Guatema.a, Panzos (Champion). The antenne are thickened towards the apex ; they are nearly as long as the abdomen, very slightly pilose and grooved; the two basal joints are dull testaceous. The frontal area is rounded: behind, and is not very deep; the antennal fovea is broad, tapers gradually, but not sharply, towards the apex, and is contracted very slightly towards the middle; in the deeper basal half is a blunt raised point. ‘The wings are deep — bluish black at the base, the apex is lighter-coloured ; the hyaline central part consists of the first cubital cellule, the base of radial and of the second cubital cellule with the median cellule and the portion below it. ‘The second recurrent nervure is received a little distance beyond the second transverse cubital nervure. ‘The calcaria and spines are long and pale testaceous in colour; the claws are simple. The labrum is dull testa- ceous, the mandibles piceous; the palpi are testaceous. _ Differs from H. pecila, K1., in the mesonotum being without black, in the hyaline part of the wings being more extended, in the second recurrent nervure being received at a greater distance from the second transverse cubital, and in the spurs and meta- tarsus being longer. 10. Hylotoma fascialis. Hylotoma fascialis, Norton, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. i. p. 69 (1867) *. Hab. Mexico (de Saussure +). This species is allied to H. pecila, but is readily known from it by the shorter antenne, wholly white fusco-testaceous tibiz and tarsi (except the apices of the latter), and by the narrower fuscous clouds in the wings, the apical portion of which only HYLOTOMA. 39 commences at the second transverse cubital nervure. The apex only of the posterior tibiee is fuscous. . From H. nigriceps it differs in‘having two vitte on the mesonotum, no black mark on the pectus, while only the tips of the tarsi are black ; the third transverse cubital nervure is not curved, nor is the third cubital cellule wider above than below, as it is in nigriceps, while it is perceptibly shorter (especially on the upperside) than the second; the transverse median cellule is received before the middle of the cellule; and the second recurrent nervure is received further from the second transverse cubital. 11. Hylotoma nigriceps. (Tab. IV. fig. 1, saw.) Lutea, antennis (basi excepta) vertice lete, mesosterno, abdominis apice, tarsis tibiarumque apice nigris; alis flavescenti-hyalinis, apice ceruleo-fumato, cellula cubitali tertia apice producto, stigmate et costa testaceis. Long. 9 millim., g§ 73 millim. Hab. Nicaragua, Chontales (Janson). The antenne are a little shorter than the abdomen, thickly pilose, the two basal joints testaceous, the base of the terminal joint more or less fuscous. ‘The face from below the frontal area with the mandibles pale testaceous; the apex of the mandibles piceous ; behind the ocelli the head is brownish testaceous. The frontal area is rounded behind, projecting at the sides at: the frontal ridge, the apex is truncated. The antennal fovea tapers gradually to the apex; at the base is a raised point. The third cubital cellule is much wider above at the apex than it is on the lower side; the second recurrent nervure is received very close to the second transverse cubital. The spurs and calcaria are white. What is probably the male agrees with the female in coloration, except that the vertex is entirely black, or very nearly so; the frontal area is sharply pointed behind, not rounded as in the female, while the third cubital cellule is not nearly so much produced at the apex. 12. Hylotoma lepida. Hylotoma lepida, Klug, Jahrb. i. p. 239. 53; Norton, Trans. Amer. Ent. i. p. 71". Tab. Mexico, Orizaba!. 13. Hylotoma consobrina. Hylotoma consobrina, Norton, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. iv. p. 78°. Hab. Mexico}. 14. Hylotoma semifusca. (Tab. I. fig. 11.) Hylotoma semifuscus, Norton, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. i. p. 69; Cat. p. 39. no. 23°. Hab. Mexico (de Saussure), Orizaba1. A species very closely allied to, but quite distinct from H. annulipes.. It has two 40 HYMENOPTERA. longitudinal black lines on the vertex; and the pectus is more or less black. The antenne are shorter and thicker, the frontal area is truncated, not rounded at the apex, and the sheaths of the saws are entirely black. 15. Hylotoma annulipes. (Tab. I. figg. 2; 2a, maxilla.) Lutea, antennis (basi excepta) abdominisque apice nigris ; ore facieque albidis ; vertice pro parte nigro, vel toto testaceo; pedibus nigris, coxis, trochanteribus femoribusque anterioribus dimidio apicali testaceis, tibiis anterioribus fere totis, posterioribus basi et basi tibiarum lete albidis'; alis flavo-hyalinis, apice lete fumatis. Long. 9-10 millim. Hab. Guatemata, San Gerénimo (Champion) ; Panama (Boucard). The antenne are as long as the abdomen, closely and densely pilose. The frontal area is semitruncated behind, six-angled ; the antennal fovea is wide, and tapers gradually to the point; there is no tubercle at the base. The clypeus is roundly incised. In the female the vertex is more or less marked with black, the ground-colour being brownish testaceous ; sometimes the black is entirely absent. ‘The face from below the frontal area is white, as are also the mandibles. ‘The third cubital cellule is broader than long; at the top and bottom of the second and third transverse cubital nervures are two bull; from each bulla on the second nervure runs a spurious vein, which joins the bulle on the third nervure. The second recurrent nervure is received a little past the second transverse cubital; the basal nervure, costa, and stigma at the base are testaceous ; from the apical half of the stigma they are fuscous; at the extreme base of the wings the nervures (save the costa itself) are deep black. The amount of black on the apex of the abdomen varies; usually the four apical segments are black above © and at the sides, but not beneath; the sheath of the saw and the cerci are testaceous. The intensity of the fuscous colour of the apex of the wings varies; the third trans- verse cubital nervure is curved. The spurs are pale. The male is similar, save that the vertex and the head behind are quite black. 16. Hylotoma bipartita. ° Lutea, vertice, macula magna pleurali, abdominis apice, coxis posticis, femoribus, tibiarum posteriorum basi tarsisque nigris, tibiis albidis ; alis flavescenti-hyalinis, apice fumatis. Long. 12 millim. Hab. Panama, Bugaba (Champion). In the only specimen I have the flagellum is broken off; the scape is testaceous. The frontal area is longer than broad, truncated before and behind, six-angled ; the antennal field is deep, sharply pointed at the apex; at the base is a roundish fovea. From the frontal area a ridge runs towards the eyes. The second cubital cellule is about one third longer than the third, which is dilated at the apex. All the knees are white; the anterior femora are testaceous in front on the lower side, and the anterior tarsi are testaceous at the base. The middle of the head behind is obscure testaceous. HYLOTOMA. 4] Closely allied to H. albitidialis, but larger and broader ; the abdomen is longer, the vertex broadly black; the frontal area broader behind; the transverse median nervure is received almost in the centre of the cellule, the third cubital cellule is longer, the nervures are much deeper in tint, the anterior femora are broadly black, and the apices of tibiz are not black. 17. Hylotoma albitibialis. Lutea, antennis (apice excepto), macula mesosterni, abdominis apice, femoribus posterioribus fere totis, tarsis apiceque tibiarum nigris, tibiis albidis ; alis flavescenti-hyalinis, apice fumatis, costa et stigmate testaceis, Long. 84 millim. Hab. GuateMaa, Zapote (Champion). The antenne are a little longer than the head and thorax, and thickened but very slightly towards the apex; the frontal area is truncated behind, distinctly six-angled, longer than broad; the antennal fovea wide, deep, and with a small tubercle. The clypeus is but very slightly incised ; the third cubital cellule isnot much longer than wide, wider at the apex than at the base; the second recurrent nervure is received towards the basal fourth of the third cubital cellule; there are two bulle in each of the second and third transverse cubital nervures, which are joined by spurious veins. The calcaria are long and reach beyond the middle of the metatarsus. The black mark on the mesosternum may be divided in the middle. 18. Hylotoma fasciatipennis. Rufo-testacea, antennis nigris, basi testacea ; pedibus pallide testaceis, tibiis apiceque tibiarum late et abdo- minis apice nigris ; alis fumatis, medio flavescenti-hyalinis, costa et stigmate fere totis fuscis. Long. fere 7 millim. Hab. Guatemata, Capetillo (Champion). The antenne are a little longer than the head and thorax, pilose and not perceptibly thickened towards the apex; the frontal area is not much broader than long, semi- truncated behind; the antennal fovea is comparatively short and wide, and bears no tubercle ; the clypeus is but very slightly incised. The ocelli are narrowly surrounded with black; the second recurrent nervure is received a very little past the second trans- verse cubital; the third cubital cellule is a little longer than wide, at the top it is not much wider than at the bottom at the apex; the third transverse cubital nervure is straight. The hyaline portion of the wings extends from the base of the stigma (which is testaceous) to the base of the median cellule. The three apical segments are more or less black above and. at the sides; the sheath of the saw is testaceous, with the upperside black. The spurs are testaceous, short, and do not reach to the middle of the metatarsus, BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Hymenopt., September 1883. | GG x on Ady ~ 77. ra “ 42 HYMENOPTERA. DIELOCERA. Hylotoma, § 2, Klug, Jahrb. d. Insect. i. p. 240 (1834). Dielocerus, Curtis, Trans. Linn. Soe. xix. p. 249 (1845). Pitilia, Section 2, Norton, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. ii. p. 367 (1869). Ptenos, Norton, 1. c. iv. p. 77 (1872). Hemidianeura, Kirby, List of Hymen. i. p. 48 (1882). In this genus and in Ptilia the first transverse cubital nervure may be absent entirely, or be but very faintly indicated even in species where it is normally present ; in other cases its absence would appear to be a secondary sexual character. The main distinction between Dielocera and Ptilia is that in the former the second cubital cellule (or first when the first transverse cubital nervure is absent) receives both recur- rent nervures, while in Ptiléa is receives only one. I cannot look upon the absence of the first transverse cubital nervure as of generic value, because, as above stated, it tends to become obsolete even in species where it, as a rule, is found; in nearly all the Hylotomina it is bullated, and there can be no doubt that the “bulla” is the cause of the partial or complete obliteration of the nervure. Even the point of difference between Jielocera and Ptilia I have just mentioned must be accepted with reserve; for I find that when the second recur- rent nervure is interstitial (7.e. is united to the transverse cubital), it is apt to vary in position and may be received either in the second or third cubital cellule. I have not yet succeeded in finding other structural characters whereby these forms may be generically separated. 1. Dielocera biramosa. (Tab. I. figg. 10, 2, Didymia biramosa; 10 a, labrum ; 105, maxilla; 10 ¢, mandible.) Hylotoma biramosa, Klug, Jahrb. d. Insect. i. p. 242. 64 (1834)'. Ptilia biramosa, Norton, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. i. p. 61 (1867). Ptenus (2) biramosus, Kirby, List of Hymen. i. p. 532. Hab. Mexico}, Vera Cruz, Orizaba. 2. Dielocera imitatrix. (Tab. I. figg. 4, 9, Ptilia imitatrix; 4a, head.) Nigra, pronoto, tegulis, mesosterno scutelloque rufo-testaceis ; pedibus albis, tarsi tibiisque posticis dimidio apicali nigris; alis fumatis. Long. 11 millim. Hab. Guatemata, Duefias (Champion). ‘The antenne are a little longer than the thorax, shortly and closely pilose. The clypeus bears a few scattered punctures, and is slightly incised at the apex. The sutures on the vertex are deep and broad; there is a transverse one behind the ocelli; the frontal area is long, depressed; the labrum is piceous; the outer sides of the mesonotum are dull testaceous. Only the upper fourth of the mesosternum is reddish DIELOCERA.—PTILIA. 43 testaceous. The head projects behind the eyes, which are oblong; the first cubital cellule is as long as the second on the lower side, but much shorter on the upper, owing to the radial nervure issuing from the stigma. The cubital nervure is curved at the base and issues from the transverse basal; the third cubital cellule is longer than second ; the cubital nervure ends a little beyond the third cubital cellule; the first recurrent nervure is received quite close to the first transverse cubital nervure, the second in the middle of the cellule opposite the horny point. There is a bulla on the first transverse cubital nervure, one on the junction of the second recurrent with the cnbital, on second and third transverse cubital, and on the stump of the cubital after the latter; there is a horny point in costal cellule. 8. Dielocera filiformis. Ptila filiformis, Norton, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. i. p. 62 (1867) ; Cat. p. 32, p. 2? (9). Hemidianeura scapularis, Kirby, List of Hymen. i. p. 49. no. 3, t. 8. f. 15? (@). Hab. Mexico, Oaxaca 2, Cordova 1. This is a smaller species than D. imitatrix, and differs from it otherwise in having the seutellum black, the testaceous colour under the wing more extended, the four anterior femora for the greater part and only the extreme apex of the hinder tibie black, and the second recurrent nervure is received quite close to the third transverse cubital. 4. Dielocera crassa. Rufa, antennis, capite, pectere pedibusque nigris; tibiis tarsisque 4 anterioribus sordide testaceis ; alis fuscis, costa stigmateque nigris. Long. 6 millim. Hab. Mextco, Presidio (Forrer). The antenne are stout, roughly pilose, and not much longer than the thorax; the face is finely punctured, not smooth and shining like the vertex; the mandibles are piceous. There is a large bulla in the first transverse cubital nervure ; the first cubital cellule is longer on the lower side than the second, which is not quite double the length of the third ; the first recurrent nervure is received quite close to the first transverse cubital; the second recurrent is interstitial. The legs are stout; the spurs not one third of the length of the metatarsus, which is about the length of the three following joints ; the fourth joint is as long as the two preceding. The sheath of saw is deep black and pilose. PTILIA. Ptila, St.-Fargeau, Mon. Tenthr. p. 49 (1823) ; Enc. Méth. x. p. 237 (1825). Didymia, St.-Farg. & Serv. Enc. Méth. x. p. 574 (1825). Scobina, St.-Farg. & Serv. 1. c. p. 574, Hylotoma, § 4, Klug, Jahrb. d. Insect. i. p. 245 (1834). Rusobria, Cameron, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1878, p. 150. aa 2 44 _ HYMENOPTERA. 1. Ptilia versicolor. (Tab. I. figg. 9, Didymia versicolor; 9a-c, trophi; 9 d, saw; 9¢, antenna; 97, head.) Hylotoma versicolor, Klug, Jahrb. d. Insect. i. p. 246. no. 83 (1834). Didymia versicolor, Norton, Trans, Amer. Ent. Soc. i. p. 60°. Ptilia basipunctata, Kirby, List of Hym. i. p. 46. no. 12, t. 3. £. 11%. Hab. Mexico}, Vera Cruz?; Guatemaua, El Reposo 800 feet, Cahabon (Champion) ; Honpvras. The base of the wings in one or two specimens is quite black, the usual hyaline spot being entirely obliterated. 2. Ptilia concinna. Hylotoma concinna, Klug, Jahrb. d. Insect. i. p. 246. no. 82, t. 2. f. 8 (1834)". Hab. Mexico }. 3. Ptilia nasuta. (Tab. III. figg. 1, 9; la-d, tarsus; le, spurs: Tab. IV. fige. 2, maxilla ;+2 a, saw.) Nigra, nitida, genibus tibiisque anticis sordide testaceis, pronoto mesonotoque rufis ; alis fumatis, fascia media apiceque hyalinis. Long. 8 millim. Hab. Panama, David, Chiriqui (Champion). The antenne are not much longer than the thorax, thickish, scarcely tapering towards the apex, fuscous black, covered with a short close pile. The front is considerably raised and bounded by the sutures, which are not very deep; the posterior part is separated from the ocelli by a deep suture, which, however, is not continuous, there being a ridge in the middle. The lower ocellus is placed in a deep and wide pit ; the frontal area becomes narrower towards the apex, and is prolonged between the antenne into a sharp-pointed keel, which bears the antennal fovea (which is small and indistinct) at its top; at the bottom its sides spread out, and it is bounded by a transverse furrow situated above the clypeus, which is convex and is truncated at the apex. The mandibles are piceous. The pronotum and mesonotum with the scutellum and upper half of the mesopleure are red, save the middle lobe of the mesonotum. The tegule are red. The fore wings are black at the base to the transverse median nervure, and the black cloud is continued along the lower border of the wing ; a broad middle fascia extends from the stigma to the end of the second transverse nervure, the part below the cubital nervure being narrower than the upper, which does not extend much beyond the third transverse cubital nervure. The first transverse cubital nervure is faintly indi- cated at the top, nearly opposite the first recurrent nervure, which would make the first cubital cellule longer than either the second or third, the indication of the first transverse cubital nervure being at a little distance from the base of the stigma; the third cubital PTILIA.—SERICOCERA. 45 cellule is a little longer than the second, and its outer bounding nervure is curved ; the second recurrent nervure is received a little past the second transverse cubital, the transverse median a little in front of the middle of the cellule. The posterior wings are only blackish at the base. This species seems to agree with P. compressicornis, Cam., in coloration, except that the latter has the wings only darker at the apex. 4. Ptilia fusca. Ptila fusca, Klug, Jahrb. d. Insect. i. p. 247. no. 87 (1884) *. Hab. Mexico 3, SERICOCERA. Sericocera, Brullé, Hymén. iv. p. 669 (1846). Cyphona, Dahlbom, Comp. Tenth. p. 6 (1835). Gymnia, Spinola, Mem. Accad. Torino (2) xiii. p. 23. Trailia, Cameron, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1878, p. 148. I have unfortunately no American species of Schizocera; bat a comparison of Seri- cocera with European species of that genus shows that the only points of difference between them of any importance is that in Schizocera the antenne are placed imme- diately over the mouth and the epistoma is not keeled, while in Sericocera the latter is carinated as in Hylotoma, and the antenne are situated in the middle of the head. The antenne in Sericocera are longer in both sexes, and the lanceolate cellule is very shortly constricted in most of the species; but this is also the case in some species of Cyphona. In the majority of the species there are four cubital cellules; but the first transverse cubital nervure is bullated largely in the middle, so that it is almost oblite- rated, and in some cases no trace of it is visible at all, even in species where it is normally present to some extent at least. Hence no great reliance can be placed on the absence of this nervure as a generic character. The greater length of the antenne in the American species compared with those of the European species of Cyphona can scarcely be looked upon as a generic character, and in point of fact some of the Neo- tropical species have them comparatively short; so that Cyphona (the type of which has the antenne situated as in Sericocera and the front carinated) must be regarded as identical with Sericocera ; but inasmuch as the same species formed the type for both Cyphona and Schizocera, Brullé’s name must be used in preference. What I have said (antea, p. 42) about the absence of the first transverse cubital nervure applies equally well to Sericocera. 1. Sericocera edwardsii, Sericocera edwardsii, Cresson, Trans. Amer, Ent, Soc. viii. p. 2 (1880) '. Hab. Mexico}, Mazatlan. 46 HYMENOPTERA. 2. Sericocera mexicana. Gymnia mexicana, Kirby, List of Hymen. i. p. 43, t. 3. f. 17 (1882). Hab. Mexico, Orizaba. This species does not seem to differ much from S. edwardsit. 3. Sericocera alternator. (Tab. III. figg. 4, 2 ; 4 a, tarsus ; 4b, calcaria ; 4c, maxilla; 4d, saw; 5, ¢; 5a, head and antenne of ¢ .) Sericocera alternator, Norton, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. i. p. 53; Catal. p. 23. 3°. Hab. Mzxico!, Jalapa (de Saussure) ; GuaTEMALA, Quiche Mountains 7000 to 9000 feet (Champion). I presume the Quiche specimen is identical with Norton’s species. Norton says that the anterior legs are pale in front ; and thisis the case with my specimen, but the pale- ness is owing to a dense covering of short white hair. The antenne (which were defec- tive in Norton’s solitary specimen) are scarcely longer than the thorax, are rather thick, and taper but slightly towards the apex; they are densely covered with short black hair and grooved at the side. In the left antenne there is on the underside a projecting process, which is nearly as long as the breadth of the second joint, as broad as half its length, and truncated at the apex; it seems to be a malformation. The antennal fovea is absent, or nearly so; the frontal area is flat and ill defined ; the lower ocellus is not in a basin, and round the innerside of the outer two is a short, thick, blunt ridge. The transverse median nervure is received in the centre of the cellule. The female has the mesonotum quite black, or rather bluish black, the black on the sternum is more extended up onto the pleure; the antennal fovea is small, round, and not very deep; the ridges at the side of the ocelli are not so clearly defined; the front between the antenne is sharper, almost carinated ; the anal segments above are pitted with round, shallow punctures; the anal appendages black, projecting and pilose ; the antenne are as long as the abdomen and half the thorax, thin, covered with long _ black hair, which projects from the sides and below, but not from the upperside. 4. Sericocera quercus. (Tab. I. fig. 15, 2.) Rufo-flava, antennis, capite, sterno, macula mesonoti, metanoto pedibusque nigro-violaceis; alis violaceo- fumatis. Long. 11 millim. Hab. GUATEMALA, Quiche Mountains 7000 to 9000 feet ( Champion). The frontal sutures are deep; frontal area not well defined from the surrounding region, flat, the apex narrower and with a fovea which is longer than broad, narrower at the apex, and separated from the ocelli by a broad and flat ridge; lower ocellus’ in a shallow depression. Clypeus truncated at the apex. Antenne shorter than _ SERICOCERA. 47 thorax, very shortly pilose, the apex slightly thickened. The recurrent nervures are received in the basal third of the cellules; the third cubital cellule is dilated at the apex above, the upperside being more than double the length of the lower; the third cubital nervure curved. The wings are lighter-coloured towards the apex. Differs from S. alternator in having the middle lobe of the mesonotum blue, in the anterior legs being entirely black in front, in the blue on the metathorax extending to the apex of the scutellum, in the darker-coloured wings, in the first transverse cubital nervure being present, but with a bulla in the centre, in the first recurrent nervure being received in the basal third of the cellule, not in the middle as with S. alternator, and by the third cubital cellule being double the width of the bottom at the top. Mr. Champion sends along with the female a small bit of the leaf of an oak, on the lower side of which are arranged sixteen eggs in four rows. The eggs are about 1 millim. in length, of the usual shape, pinkish in colour, and are but slightly embedded in the leaf, from which they stand erect. 5. Sericocera villosa. (Tab. II. fig. 15, 2.) | Sericocera villosus, Norton, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. i. p. 52; Cat. p. 23 (2). Sericocera plumicornis, Norton, |. c. p. 53 (g) ; Cat. p. 22 (g)’. Hab. Mexico, Cordova (de Saussure)! ; GUATEMALA, Quiche Mountains 7000 to 9000 feet (Champion). The male has the wings lighter-coloured than in the female. With it the first trans- verse cubital nervure is sometimes obliterated, and the accessory nervure in the hind wings is obliterated entirely ; in the female the former is appendiculated towards the middle. 6. Sericocera leucotarsis. (Tab. III. fig. 2, 2.) Nigro-cerulea, pronoto flavo-rufo; tarsis posterioribus albidis; alis fumatis, cellula @ubitali tertia breviore, apice non producto. Long. 73 millim. Hab. GuateMata, Cerro Zunil, 4000 feet (Champion). The front between the antenne sharply projects and bears on its apex above the small, oval, but deep and clearly defined antennal fovea; the lower ocellus has a deep surround- ing furrow behind ; the frontal area is depressed in the middle ; the sutures on the vertex are narrow behind the ocelli. The antenne are a little shorter than the abdomen, covered with black, moderately long hair. The transverse median nervure is received in the middle of the cellule; the first recurrent nervure a little before the middle ; the second in the middle; the third cubital cellule is of nearly equal length throughout and is half broader than long. The metatarsus isas long as all the other joints together ; the spurs are black ; the two apical joints black ; claws simple. The blotch is narrow, and at its termination there is a thin pale band going across the segment. 48 HYMENOPTERA. Easily known from 8. villosa by the short non-dilated third cubital cellule and black coxe and femora, these being in S. villosa yellowish, it having besides a distinct first transverse cubital nervure. 7. Sericocera leucopoda. (Tab. III. fig. 3.) Nigra, clypeo, labro, antennis basi pedibusque albidis, tarsis tibiarumque posticarum apice nigris ; pronoto, mesonoto cum scutello mesopleurisque supra rufis; alis fumatis, cellula cubitali tertia altitudine bre- viore, apice non producto. Long. 7 millim. Hab. Panama, Bugaba (Champion). The frontal sutures are deep; the frontal area is raised, and has a thick sloping border, is hollow in the centre, and becomes narrower and shallower towards the apex; but the apex has a small depression which is separated from the upper hollow by a shallow ridge. The apical ocellus is bounded by the deep furrow of the frontal area. The front between the antenne is carinated; the clypeus is truncated at the apex. The middle lobe of the mesonotum and the base of the pronotum are marked with black. The transverse median nervure is united to the accessory nervure, which ends at the junction of the two; the first recurrent nervure is received in the basal third of the cellule, the second close to the second transverse cubital nervure ; the third cellule is shorter than broad, the top a little narrower than the bottom; the third transverse cubital nervure is curved. The antenne are filiform, densely pilose, and nearly as long as the abdomen; the basal joints are white on the underside, as is also the face between the antenne and the clypeus. 8. Sericocera leta. Nigra, facie palpisque sordide albidis; prothorace, mesonoto cum scutello, pleuris tegulisque rufis ; pedibus albis, tibiis dimidio apicgji tarsisque nigris ; alis fumatis, stigmate fusco. Long. 6 millim. Hab. Panama, San Felix (Champion). The antenne are thin, as long as the thorax and head together, densely pilose, tapering towards the apex; sutures on vertex indistinct; frontal and antennal areas obsolete, the lower ocellus situated in a very shallow pit ; clypeus shortly and roundly incised. Abdomen short, not much longer than the thorax, truncated at the apex; sheath covered with long hairs. Wings long; third cellule almost square, not longer than the first; second dilated at apex, and with a horny point. Allied closely to S. leucopoda, but is a shorter and broader insect ; the third cubital cellule is longer, and the third transverse cubital nervure is not so bent; the second recurrent nervure is received further from the second transverse cubital; the pit ir which the lower ocellus is placed is not so deep nor so well marked as in 8. lewcopoda, and the tibie are more broadly marked with black. The nervure along the upperside of the radial cellule is very distinct, but does not form a cellule at the apex. SERICOCERA. 49 9. Sericocera rufiventris. Nigra, parva, pilosa, abdomine flavo-testaceo, alis fumatis. 9. Long. 5 millim. Hab. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui 2000 to 3000 feet (Champion). The antenne are as long as the abdomen, filiform, of nearly equal thickness through- out, densely pilose. Head with the front very wide and broad, projecting, but not sharply ; frontal sutures deep, broad, shining; frontal area not raised from the sur- rounding part nor depressed in the centre. Antennal fovea large, oval, of moderate depth; clypeus truncated; face covered with long scattered white hair. The third cellule is a very little longer than the second on the lower side, and considerably longer on upper, where it is dilated; recurrent nervures received in the basal fourth of the cubital cellules ; transverse median nervure received a little before the middle of the cellule; blotch large, broad, extending across the whole segment. Sheath of saw black, covered with a short white down. The metatarsus is shorter than the succeeding joints together. 10. Sericocera czrulea. Cerulea, alis fumatis, pedibus nigris, pilosis. 9. Long. 5-6 millim. Hab. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui 3000 to 4000 feet (Champion). The antennz are slender, longer than the abdomen, densely covered with a longish black pubescence. The front is broad, somewhat triangular above the antenne, and with a small fovea at the apex; the face is covered with longish hairs. The first trans- verse cubital nervure is distinct ; the second cellule is not much longer than the lower side of the third, which is largely produced on the upperside, where it is as long as the first and second cellules together ; the second recurrent nervure is received not far from the second transverse cubital; the transverse median before the middle of the cellule. The abdomen is not much longer than the head and thorax, and becomes gradually narrowed towards the apex. The blotch is very large, and extends €most right across the segment. 11. Sericocera truncata. Nigra, nitida, tibiis anticis sordide testaceis, alis fumatis. Long. fere 6 millim. Hab. Guatemata, Duefias 2 , San Gerénimo ¢ (Champion). The antennz are as long as the abdomen, shortly and densely pilose, and tapering towards the apex; the sutures on the vertex are distinct, deep; the vertex behind the ocelli separated from the latter by a deep furrow ; and a narrower and less deep furrow runs from the upper ocelli to the eyes. Frontal area subdistinct, rounded at the lower BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Hymenopt., September 1883. HH 50 HYMENOPTERA. end and immediately before the antennal fovea, which is not very deep and longer than broad ; the lower ocellus is placed in a rather large depression. The clypeus is trun- cated at the apex; there is a large and moderately deep depression on each side above it. The wings are longer than the body; the apex is somewhat lighter than the base. the first transverse cubital nervure is absent, but is indicated by a light band; the third is oblique, not curved; the third (second) cubital cellule is not much longer than broad, the apex at the top a very little wider than at the bottom; in the second (first) cubital cellule is a distinct horny point. The transverse median nervure is received a very little beyond the middle. The stigma is fuscous on the lower half. The body is short and thick; the abdomen is not much longer than the head and thorax, and has the apex truncated, with the saw but very little projecting; the feet are longish; the femora reach near to the apex of the abdomen. What I take to be the male has the antenne nearly as long as the abdomen and half of the thorax; they are covered, but not very closely, with black hairs, which are very nearly double the diameter of the antenne in length; the antenne taper distinctly — towards the apex. The apical third of the anterior femora and the tibie in front are testaceous. The greater part of the abdomen beneath is dirty white; the three basal segments above are also dirty yellowish white. As usual with the male, the sutures on vertex are not so deep. Sericocera piciventris, Kl., from Brazil, agrees with the male in coloration, except that the legs are entirely black, and it is also a larger species; but Klug only describes the female of his species, which thus does not agree with S. truncata ? in coloration. S. ngrita, Klug, again, agrees with the female in coloration, but only the male is described by Klug. 12. Sericocera crassitarsis. Nigra, nitida, parva, antennis basi, tegulis, genibus, tibiis tarsisque albido-testaceis ; alis fere hyalinis, stigmate fusco, cellula cubitali tertia apice producto. ¢ 2. Long. 5 millim. Ho Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui 2500 to 4000 feet (Champion). The antenne are not longer than the thorax; the apical joint thin at the base, then becoming thick and tapering but very slightly towards the apex; covered with a very sparse microscopic pile. The front is broad; the vertex behind the ocelli has no transverse furrow, nor is there a transverse furrow proceeding from the ocelli to the eyes. ‘The lateral furrows on the vertex are broad and deep, and reach to a little below the base of the antenne. ‘There is no defined frontal area; but the lower ocellus is in a basin, and the antennal fovea is large, oval, and deep. The front between the antenne is broad and curves down gradually. The fovee above the clypeus are small; the mandibles and apex of labrum are piceous, and the face is covered with scattered white hair. The third cubital cellule is at the bottom nearly double the length of the first PACHYLOTA. 51 (second) transverse cubital nervure, which is not half the length of the second (third) ; the first transverse cubital nervure is absent; the second recurrent nervure is received quite close to the second (first) transverse cubital; the transverse median nervure is received in the basal third of the cellule. The posterior tibie are darker than the anterior; they are thin at the extreme base, but thicker than usual for the rest. PACHYLOTA. Pachylota, Westwood, Arc. Ent. i. p. 24 (1841). The type of this genus was supposed to be from West Africa; but this no doubt is a mistake for South America. ‘The genus contains only three species—two (including P. audouinii, West.) from South America and one from Mexico. The absence of spurs makes it a very distinct genus; but as P. varicolor has calcaria it is doubtful if it can be regarded as a Pachylota. 1. Pachylota varicolor. Pachylota varicolor, Norton, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. iv. p. 79 (1872) °. Hab. Mexico 1. Norton says that all the palpi are 4-jointed, and this is said to be also the case with the type species ; but in P. sulcicornis, Cam., the maxillary palpi are certainly 6-jointed, the three apical being much thinner than the three basal, and the joints can only be seen with a good lens. The labial palpi are, as usual, 4-jointed. Subfam. SYZYGONINA. This subfamily may be distinguished as follows :— Antenne short, thick, pilose, 6—7-jointed. Tibiz spined. One radial cellule shortly appendiculated. Three or four cubital cellules. ‘Transverse basal nervure interstitial. Lanceolate cellule obsolete. Posterior wings appendiculate; one discoidal cellule ; accessory nervure obsolete. Scutellum large, longer than broad, rounded, and pro- jecting at the apex, truncated behind. Syzygonia has usually been regarded as belonging to the Cimbicina; but it differs in so many important points from them that clearly it and its allies should form a separate subfamily, which will also include Perga. Kirby forms a separate subfamily for Loboceras, Perantheriz, and Aulacomerus. The latter genera certainly differ from Syzygonia and Incalia in the structure of the trophi and in one or two other points ; but I am not prepared to say that the form of the trophi (for the other differences are not of great importance) is sufficiently important to raise the genera I have to subfamily rank in view of so much agreement in other respects between them and Syzygonia. It HH 2 52 HYMENOPTERA. is doubtful, furthermore, if the relationship between the Neotropical genera and Perga is real, for the points of agreement (apart from the spined tibie, the enlarged scapule, and an agreement in the form of the scutellum) consist in a reduction in the number of joints in the antenne and palpi, and in the lanceolate cellule being obsolete; and these may have become degraded independently in both countries, so that on this view — the resemblance in these respects cannot be looked upon as one of affinity. That the number of joints in the antenne and palpi has been reduced rather than that six or seven was the number with the ancestral Tenthredinide is shown alike by the fact that the Siricidee (which are certainly older than the Tenthredinide) have multiarticulated antenne, and that in badly developed specimens of Cimbex and Perga the club shows two more joints than is usually present, that is to say, the joints have become amal- gamated towards the apex. This view is further borne out by the antenne with few joints being always clavate or semiclavate and short. The lanceolate cellule is one of the characteristic features of the Tenthredinide. Jn the few cases where it is absent there is either an abbreviation in the joints of the antenne or palpi, or both; and, so far as I know, it is only absent in genera inhabiting Australia or South America. That it has become obsolete is proved by its excessive reduction in Perreyia &c.; while the accessory nervure in the hind wings is often absent in species where it is usually present. Subtribe SYZYGONIDES. Labium entire. Labial palpi 3-jointed; maxillary 4-jointed. Cubital nervure issuing from the transverse basal nervure. Spines and calcaria short, thick. The above characters sufficiently distinguish the Syzygonides from the Lobocerides. At present the only genera I can refer to this subtribe are Syzygonia and Incalia. Whether Cephalocera, Klug, should be referred to it or to the Lobocerides is a question that can only be settled by an examination of the type. INCALIA. Incalia, Cameron, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1878, p. 148. This genus is exclusively Neotropical, and contains at present only one species. It differs from Loboceras in having the antenne thicker throughout, in the spurs being much shorter and thicker (not much more than one third of the length of the metatarsus), in the hinder tibie bearing a spine, and in the palpi having fewer joints (the maxillary palpi being 4- and the labial 3-jointed), besides being short and thick, The basal joint of the maxillary palpi is the shortest, being, however, not much shorter than the third, which, again, is shorter than the second; the fourth is the longest and thinnest. The joints of the labial palpi are subequal. The mandibles are INCALIA.—CORYNOPHILUS. 53 long and acute; the apical tooth is long ; at the middle the mandible thickens towards the base, and where the thickening commences the edge is indented. The genus Syzygonia (from Brazil) is very closely related to Incalia; but may be known by its bare, distinctly clavate, 6-jointed antenne. Syzygonia has the palpi 4- and 3-jointed, as with Zncalia. — 1. Incalia hirticornis. (Tab. III. figg. 6, 9; 6a, antenna; 68, labium; 6c, tarsus and apex of tibia; 6 d, maxilla; 6 e, head, from front.) Incalia hirticornis, Cameron, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1878, p. 143'; Kirby, List of Hymen. i. p. 82, t. 2. f. 16. Hab. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui 2000 to 3000 feet (Champion).—Amazons, Ega 1. Subtribe LOBOCERIDES. Labium with three lobes. Labial palpi 4-jointed ; maxillary 6-jointed. Cubital ner- vure issuing from the costa. Spines and calcaria usually sharp and long. CORYNOPHILUS. Cephalocera, Klug (nec Latr.), Jahrb. d. Insectenkunde, i. p. 252. Corynophilus, Kirby, List of Hymen. i. p. 32. . It is doubtful if the following species is congeneric with Klug’s Cephalocera pumila, for the radial cellule can scarcely be said to’ be appendiculated, nor can I detect any traces of spines on the posterior tibie ; but as the spines are apt to be broken off, no great reliance can be placed on their absence ona single specimen. In the form of the antenne it agrees very well with Corynophilus, as it does also in neuration (with the above-mentioned exception), and it differs from Loboceras in the short thick spurs and in the form of the antenne. I think it best therefore to treat the only species I have as a Corynophilus. The type of the genus is from Brazil. 1, Corynophilus ruficollis. Nigro-violaceus, antennis nigris, pilosis, prothorace mesonotoque cum scutello rufis, apice coxarum, trochante- ribus oreque sordide albidis; alis fumatis. Long. 6 millim. Hab. Panama, Bugaba (Champion). The antenne become gradually thickened towards the apex, and are about the length of the thorax with the head; the third joint is about one fourth longer than the following, which is a little loriger than the fifth ; the sixth is a very little longer than broad ; last as long as the two preceding together. The sutures on vertex are deep and reach to the antenne; from the lower ocellus runs a suture to a transverse margin 54 HYMENOPTERA. which runs from one antenna to the other. Clypeus truncated at apex; labrum rounded. Mandibles large, with one large apical tooth. Blotch very wide, white. Abdomen longer than head and thorax together. Legs of moderate length; coxe stout. The metatarsus is shorter than the other joints together; the long spur reaches to its middle. Claws small, simple. The sheath of saw is covered at the apex with long hairs; the saw itself bears stout waved teeth. The radial cellule has a stout bordering nervure above, which does not form a distinct appendicular cellule at the apex. First cubital cellule more than double the length of second on lower side; second one fourth longer than broad. The basal nervure is interstitial. The breast inclines to piceous in colour, as does also the pleure immediately below the wings, and the prothorax laterally. The palpi are 4- and 6-jointed; first jot of maxillary half the length of second, which is about the same length as fifth, third and fourth subequal; sixth longer than any of the others; the basal joint of labial is thinner than the rest and longer than fourth; second and third subequal, broader than long. LOBOCERAS. Cephalocera, Norton, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. i. p. 5. 1; Cat. p. 20. Loboceras, Kirby, List of Hymen. i. p. 79 (1882). This genus is closely allied to Cephalocera and Incalia, with both of which it agrees. in having the same number of joints in the antenne and in the neuration of the wings, " but differs from Jncalia at least (the structure of the trophi in Cephalocera is unknown) in having the palpi 6- and 4-jointed, the spurs much longer, while there are spines only on the middle legs ; in Lncalia and Cephalocera they are on the posterior tibie. The posterior coxe are large, reaching to the fourth abdominal segment; the claws are simple. The mandibles are formed pretty much as in Incalia; but, as above men- tioned, the palpi are very different, being long, filiform, and 6- and 4-jointed. The first joint of the maxillary palpi is small, the others subequal. The labium is large and broad ; the palpi have the two first joints the longest, the two apical ones a little shorter and thicker. The genus is exclusively Neotropical, and contains eight Central-American species and two from Amazonia. | : 1. Loboceras varicorne. Testaceum, capite (ore excepto), antennarum medio, scutello, abdominis apice, tarsis tibiisque posticis fere totis. nigris; alis fumatis, medio flavo-hyalinis. Long. 9 millim. Hab. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui 4000 to 6000 feet (Champion). The antenne are not much longer than the head and thorax, densely pilose, sub- clavate; third joint about one half longer than fourth; the last two joints subequal ; LOBOCERAS. 55 the three middle joints are black, the others testaceous. The lateral furrows on vertex and the transverse one behind the ocelli deep; the lateral ones run into a deep transverse suture over the antenne, and immediately behind a. projecting ridge, which has a distinct border and is emarginate in the middle. A furrow surrounds the lower ocellus behind ; the space below it is blistered. Clypeus rounded, shorter than the labrum, which is semicircular ; the sides of the scutellum are smooth and shining, the centre somewhat blistered, slightly hollow, and there is a depression at the apex which is slightly emarginated. In front the metanotum is black. The yellowish band in the wings extends from the commencement of the cubital nervure to the end of the stigma. The third cubital cellule is small, not half the size of the second, and not much longer than the first ; the first recurrent nervure is received nearly in the middle of the second cellule; the second is nearly interstitial; the tratsverse median nervure is received before the middle of the cellule. Behind, the middle tibie and tarsi are more or less fuscous ; the posterior tibie are testaceous at the base. 2. Loboceras klugii. (Tab. I. fige. 1, 2; 1a, antenna: Tab. IV. figg. 3-3 a, 6, trophi.) Luteum, pilosum, antennis (basi excepta) abdominisque apice nigris, pedibus albidis, tarsis apice et tibiarum 4 posticorum dimidio apicali femoribusque posticis dimidio apicali nigris; alis flavescenti-hyalinis, apice fumatis, costa et stigmate flavis. , Long. 10 millim. Hab. Guatemata, San Gerénimo (Champion); Panama, Bugaba (Champion). Antenne pilose, becoming gradually thickened towards the apex, but not forming a club. The first joint is longer than the second; third one half longer than the fourth, which is scarcely so long as the fifth; the three last subequal; the last joint projects more above than on the lower side. The eyes reach to near the base of the mandibles. The clypeus is truncated at the apex; labrum small, rounded at apex. The mandible has a large apical tooth and two small blunt subapical ones ; the first at the base of the apical tooth, the second close to the base of the mandible. Wings with one radial cellule shortly appendiculated, and four cubital cellules; the first small, the second longer than the third, and the fourth is longer than the three basal; the second receives a recurrent nervure towards the apical third, the third one in the basal third. The basal nervure is joined to the cubital; the transverse median is received a little in front of the middle of the cellule; the frontal furrows are broad and shallow and bound the frontal area, which is somewhat raised ; a furrow bounds the lower ocellus behind. The extreme apex of the anterior tibie is blackish fuscous; the apical half of the middle pair and more than half of the posterior one black. The apex of the middle femora before and behind and the apical half of the posterior are also black ; the femora are pallid testaceous at the base. 56 | HYMENOPTERA. 3. Loboceras saussuril. Testaceum, pilosum, antennis (basi excepta), vertice, femoribus, tarsis abdominisque apice nigris ; coxis, tro- chanteribus tibiisque albidis ; alis flavo-hyalinis, apice fumatis, costa nigra, stigmate testaceo. Long. 8 millim. Hab. Mexico, Orizaba (de Saussure). The sutures on vertex are broad and deep, and there is a narrower one behind the ocelli; the former run down the sides of the frontal area and unite round its lower border, enclosing it completely, but at the angles of the area they are not so deep. The clypeus is very slightly incised at the apex; the mandibles are piceous at the apex. The first cubital cellule is small; the second is nearly double the length of the third, which is only a little longer than the first ; the fourth is longer than the first. three together. The curved first recurrent nervure is received close to the middle of - the cellule; the second is interstitial, but it is more in the third cellule than in the second; the transverse median nervure is received a little in front of the middle of the cellule. The costa is black to near the commencement of the first cubital cellule; the apical cloud in the wings commences at the end of the stigma, and it curves back to the second transverse cubital nervure. The anterior femora are broadly white at the base. On the vertex the entire space bounded by the vertical and frontal sutures is. black. This species appears to be very closely related to LZ. mexicanum; but that has no black on the vertex. The costa is testaceous, like the stigma, and the tibie are: testaceous. 4. Loboceras calear. (Tab. I. fig. 12.) Cephalocera calcar, Norton, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. i. p. 51; Catal. p. 20 (¢)’. Hab. Mexico}. This species differs from the others in having the first cubital cellule longer than the third, and in the transverse basal nervure being received quite close to the transverse basal. 5. Loboceras mexicanum. Loboceras mexicanum, Kirby, List of Hymen. i. p. 80, t. 6. f. 4°. Hab. Mexico, Orizaba }. 6. Loboceras xanthostigma. Testaceum, pilosum, antennis, capite (ore excepto), abdominis apice, tarsis tibiisque posterioribus nigris; alis flavo-hyalinis, apice fusco, costa et stigmate flavis. Long. 7-8 millim. Hab. Panama, Bugaba (Champion). The face below and a little above the antenne is pallid yellow ; the scape is more or 4 LOBOCERAS, 57 less testaceous; the last joint of the antenne is longer than the preceding; the third cubital cellule is a little longer than broad; the second recurrent nervure is inter- stitial. The blotch is large and white. 7. Loboceras fuscipenne. (Tab. I. fig. 6, 2 .) Luteum, antennis, capite (ore excepto), abdominis apice, tarsis tibiisque nigris; alis fuscis, cellula secunda cubitali puncto corneo oblongo, costa et stigmate nigris. Long. 73-8 millim. Hab. Panama, David (Champion). The antenne are densely pilose, nearly as long as the abdomen, and become thickened very gradually towards the apex; the last joints subequal. The face below the antenne is pale testaceous; the clypeus is very slightly incised; the apex of the mandibles piceous. The second cubital cellule is double the length of the third, which isnot much longer than broad; the first recurrent nervure is received close to the middle of the cellule; second close to the base of the third cellule; the transverse median in front of middle of cellule. There is a distinct horny point in the costal and second cubital cellules. Sometimes the second recurrent nervure is received in the second cubital cellule. The anterior tibiee are fuscous behind ; the spurs are long and sharp. The frontal sutures are deep and wide, the frontal area somewhat depressed in the centre; the front bears scattered punctures. Sometimes there is a black longish mark on the middle lobe of the mesonotum. The base of the antenne and the part immediately above it testaceous. | 8. Loboceras nigriceps. Luteum, pilosum, ovatum, antennis, capite (ore excepto), tegulis, abdominis apice, tibiis tarsisque nigris; alis fuscis, costa nigra, stigmate fusco, nervo primo cubitali nullo. Long. 5 millim. Hab. Muxtco (Sallé). The antenne are short, not much longer than the thorax, thick, tapering very slightly towards the apex; the third joint is a little longer than the fourth; the last joint is longer than the sixth, which is shorter than the fifth. The frontal sutures are almost invisible; there is no frontal area, nor is there a furrow behind the lower ocellus. The transverse median nervure is received immediately in front of the cellule, the second recurrent in the same position. ‘The anterior tibie are faintly fuscous in front, the four posterior are entirely black; the extreme apex only of the abdomen is black. This species is readily known from Z. fuscipenne, which it resembles very closely in coloration, by being smaller, by its more ovate body, by the first transverse cubital nervure being absent, or at least scarcely to be distinguished, by the shorter spurs (which are black and not half the length of metatarsus), by the second recurrent nervure being received nearer the middle of the cellule, by the second (first) cellule wanting the horny point, and by the black tegule. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Hymenopt., September 1883. ; Il “58 HYMENOPTERA. ACORDULECERA. Acordulecera, Say, Bost. Journ. i. 1835, p. 209. 1. Acordulecera dorsalis. | | Acordulecera dorsalis, Say, Bost. Journ. i. 1835, p. 210; Norton, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. i. p. 49; Cat. p. 19 (¢& 2)’. Hab. NortaH AMERICA.—MeExico 1. The genus Acordulecera does not apparently, judging from the description, differ materially from Perantherizx. If this view be found correct, the latter name must be © dropped. PERANTHERIX. Perantheriz, Westwood, Thesaurus Entomologicus Oxoniensis, p. 107. Only two species of this genus have been described, and both are from Brazil. The genus is very closely allied to Loboceras, but is readily known from it by the antenne having one joint less, only three cubital cellules, and by the second and third pair of tibie being provided with spines, while only the middle pair has them with Loboceras. The trophi are formed as in the last-named genus. The structure of the inner lobe of the maxilla is quite different from any thing I have seen in any other genus of .the Tenthredinide. It is reticulated in a peculiar manner, and the form of the reticulation is different in the palpi of the two species I have examined. (See figures.) 1. Perantherix westwoodii. (Tab. III. figg. 12,9; 12a, mandible; 120, an- tenna; 12¢, labrum; 12d, maxilla; 12¢, head; 12 f, top of maxilla, highly magnified.) Lutea, antennis, capite, mesonoto, tibiarum apice tarsisque nigris; alis flavo-hyalinis, fascia substigmaticali fumato, stigmate nigro, basi costaque flavis. ¢ 9. Long. 6 millim. , Hab. Panama, Bugaba 800 to 1500 feet (Champion). The two basal joints of the antennz are subequal, not much longer than broad, thicker than the other joints; third joint’ a little longer and thinner than the fourth, which is a little longer than the fifth ; sixth longer than the fifth, thin and sharply conical at the apex ; all the joints are thinner at the base than at the apex, and covered with long sete, which are longest at the apex of the joints. On the head the frontal furrows are very flat, the frontal one is not defined, but there is a large round fovea above the antenne; the labrum, clypeus, and mandibles are yellow. ‘The mesonotum is punc- tured, black, except the scutellum; the middle lobe reaches to the tegule; the furrows shallow; there is no furrow in the centre. The calcaria are short and thick; the tarsi are a little longer than the tibie. PERANTHERIX., 59° This species differs from P. bimaculata in having the mesonotum entirely black as- well as the whole of the tarsi and the apex of the tibia. The frontal sutures are not at all so well developed, while the large fovea above the antenne is absent in P. bima- culata, which has furthermore the frontal area deep. The mouth only is testaceous. The apex of the wing is hyaline, while in P: bémaculata the cloud extends to the extreme apex; the greater part of the stigma is black; the cloud fills the cubital and radial cellules, while in the other species the first cubital and base of radial are: hyaline ; the transverse radial nervure is received nearer the base of the cellule; the. spurs are much shorter. The antenne are shorter; the two basal joints are subequal, which is not the case with P. dimaculata, the second being with it longer than the first, besides being more cylindrical. 2. Perantherix bimaculata. (Tab. III. figg. 8,2; 84a, tarsus; 84, antenna; 8c, spurs; 8d, claws; 8¢, top of maxilla, highly magnified.) Lutea, pilosa, antennis (basi excepta), capite (facie excepta), maculis 2 mesonoti abdominisque apice et latera- libus basi nigris; pedibus pallide testaceis, tarsorum apice nigris; alis flavescenti-hyalinis, apice infumatis, stigmate flavo ; costa nigra, apice flavo. 9. Long. 8-9 millim. Hab. GuateMALa, Panima (Champion). Antenne 6-jointed, becoming slightly thickened towards the apex, densely covered with bristle-like hairs; second joint double the length of first, which is scarcely one fourth shorter than the third, which is the longest. The three following become gradually shorter, the apical sharply pointed. Eyes very large and prominent, parallel, projecting in front, and occupying the greater part of the head, reaching to the base. of the mandibles. Clypeus truncated at the apex. Frontal furrows deep, broad, running: down along the side of the eyes to opposite the antenne; frontal area shallow, longer: than broad; the lower ocellus. bounded behind by a deep furrow, which. is sharply pointed behind. Legs: four hinder tibie- with a longish sharply pointed spine on the: outside, not far from the apex; four hinder spurs long and needle-like, one half of the length of metatarsus ; inner spur on the anterior tibize thicker than the outer and cleft at the apex. Metatarsus longer than all the other joints together; apical joints truncated at the apex and without patella. The lobes of the mesonotum are not clearly indicated by furrows, but in the centre of middle one is a deep furrow. ‘The scutellum is large, oval at the apex, truncated behind, the apex projecting and separated from the postscu- tellum by a deep furrow ; cenchri not distinguishable. There is no blotch, but the base of the abdomen is depressed; the saw reaches to near the middle of theabdomen. Wings with one radial and three cubital cellules; the first cubital is more than double the length of the second, and receives a recurrent nervure close to the apical third; the second cellule is longer than broad, and receives a recurrent nervure a little behind the middle, where it is angled. . The, cubital nervure arises about three fourths of the 2 60 HYMENOPTERA. length of the stigma from the base of the latter, and curves towards it, so that the base is wider than the apex; the basal nervure is interstitial ; the transverse median nervure is received a little in front of the middle of the cellule. The mesonotum is finely shagreened; the head is yellow from below the ocelli; the cloud in the wings extends from the apex of the stigma to the edge of the wing. THULEA. Thulea, Say, Bost. Journ. i. p. 213 (1835); Norton, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. i. p. 49. 1. Thulea nigra. Thulea nigra, Say, Boston Journ. i. 1835, p. 213*; Norton, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. i. p. 49; _ Catal. p. 19. 1. Hab. Mexico 1, I cannot make out, from the description, the precise affinities of this genus, and place it provisionally here, as it must be related either to Perantherix or to the Cimbi- cina. The antenne are 6-jointed; there are one radial and three cubital cellules, of which the second and third receive each a recurrent nervure. No mention is made of the presence of spines on the tibie, or if the lanceolate cellule is absent. Subfam,. PERREYVINA. Antenne 10-14-jointed, the joints moniliform or thickened towards the apex; in male sometimes flabellate. Wings with one radial cellule, appendiculated, and four cubital cellules. Lanceolate cellule petiolate. Hind wings with an appendicular cellule. One discoidal cellule and no accessory nervure. Palpi short, thick. Maxil- lary palpi 2—4-jointed, labial 1—3-jointed. This group has usually been regarded as a section of the Lophyrina; but it differs in so many points not only from that group, but from all others, that I am justified, I think, in making a distinct section of it, and have given above the distinctive characters of the subfamily. I have not sufficient material at hand to enable me to form a definite idea as to the ~ genera; but, provisionally at least, 1 would arrange them as follows :— A. Antenne 10-11-jointed. Labial palpi 1-jointed, maxillary 3-jointed . . Decameria. B. Antenne more than 11-jointed. 1. The antennz more than 138-jointed, flabellate in the male. Maxillary palpi 4-jointed, labial 3-jointed. Second recurrent cellule usually receiving both recurrent nervures; appendicular cellule in hinder wings verysmall . . . . . . . Lophyroides. 2. The antenne 13-jointed. Maxillary palpi ‘2-jointed, labial 1-jointed. Second recurrent nervure usually receiving only one recurrent nervure ; appendicular cellule in hind wings large . . ...... . . Perreyia. LOPHYROIDES, 61 LOPHYROIDES. _ Lophyroides, Cameron, Ent. M. Mag. xix. p. 132. Brachytoma, Hartig, Blattw. und Holzwespen, p. 88; Westwood, Thesaurus Entomologicus Oxoniensis, p. 109 (in part.) (1874). The palpi in this genus are short, thick, and sparsely covered with longish bristle- like hairs, the last being also the case with the maxilla; the labial palpi are 3-jointed, the first joint is longer than the second and a very little shorter than the third, which is brought to a blunt point in the middle at the apex. The maxillary palpi are 4-jointed ; the first is thicker than the second, and projects on the lower side ; the third is a little longer than either the first or second; the fourth is a little longer than the two preceding together, besides being thicker than them. The mandibles are stout, rather blunt at the apex, and have no subapical tooth. The second cubital cellule usually receives both recurrent nervures; but the second may be interstitial or nearly so. The position of the second transverse cubital nervure is subject to irregularity; and this will lead to a corresponding change in the relative position of the second recurrent nervure ; the second tansverse cubital nervure is often absent. The appendicular cellule in both wings is small. The calcaria are simple, broad, and do not much exceed one third of the length of the metatarsus, which is a little shorter than the three following joints ; the last is longer than the two preceding; the patelle are obsolete; the claws long, curved, simple. 1. Lophyroides tropicus. (Tab. III. figg. 10, 3; 10a, maxilla; 104, labium ; 10 c¢, mandible; 10d, antenne of 2 .) | Lophyrus tropicus, Norton, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soe. ii. p. 322; Catal. p. 176 (3)’. Hab. Mexico (de Saussure!); Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui 2000 to 3000 feet (Champion). I believe the specimens from Chiriqui are correctly identified with Norton’s species. The third cubital cellule is scarcely half the length of the second, and the third trans- verse cubital nervure is often absent. The sutures on the vertex are very deep, as is also the transverse furrow behind the ocelli and the longitudinal one in the centre of vertex. A wide furrow runs from the ocelli to the antenne, becoming wider towards the apex. In the male, however, the sutures on the vertex are less clearly marked, and the central longitudinal one on the vertex is absent. The wings vary in the intensity of the colour, and asa whole the males have them lighter in tint. + 2. Lophyroides anomalus. ~ Perreyia (?) anomala, Kirby, List of Hymen. i. p. 90. n. 3, t. 6. f. 14°. Perreyia compta, Kirby (non Norton), J. c. p. 90 (note), t. 6. f. 13 (¢). Hab. Mexico}. This species seems scarcely to differ from L. tropicus. 62 HYMENOPTERA. 3. Lophyroides ruficollis. (Tab. III. figg. 11,3; lla, antenne of ¢.) Niger, pronoto, mesonoto, mesopleuris tegulisque rufis; femoribus tibiisque anterioribus sordide testaceis ; alis nigris, cellula cubitali secunda fere longiore quam tertia ; antennis 15-articulatis. ¢. Long. 9 millim. Hab. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui (Champion). The sutures on the vertex are wide, clearly limiting the vertex, which is raised between them, and has a broad transverse furrow behind the ocelli, and a shallower longitudinal one behind the transverse furrow in the middle; a furrow, wide but not deep, runs from the lower ocellus to near the base of the antenne ; the front is raised, and curves down between the antenne, ending in a (comparatively) sharp point close to the middle of the antenne, from which it tapers to near the base of the clypeus. ‘The apex of the clypeus is truncated; the labrum is piceous. ‘The wings and nervures are deep black; the second cubital cellule is a little longer than the first, and still longer than the third, which is almost square; the second recurrent nervure is received in front of the third cubital. The joints of the antenne are fuscous. The scutellum is black ; only the upper part of the pleure is red; the anterior tibice and femora are more or less fuscous behind. 4. Lophyroides godmani. Niger, pronoto, mesonoto, cum scutello, mesopleuris tegulisque rufis ; alis fuscis, cellula cubitali tertia longiore quam secunda; antennis 14-articulatis. 9. Long. 9 millim. _ Hab. Guatemata, Las Mercedes 3000 feet (Champion). The frontal sutures are flat and indistinct; the space behind the ocelli and between the sutures is not raised or clearly defined, nor is there any transverse suture behind the ocelli; the central antennal fovea is large, much longer than broad; the front between the antenne and at the end of the fovea projects. The antenne are not much longer than the head and thorax, pilose; the third joint much longer than the fourth the last conical, and much narrower than the thirteenth. The second cubital cellule is distinctly longer than the first, and shorter than the third by about one third; the fourth is a little shorter than the second and third together. The wings are darker at the base; the upper half only of the pleure is red. Easily known from JL. ruficollis by the red scutellum, much longer third cubital cellule, interstitial second recurrent nervure, and by the vertex not being separated from the rest of the head by deep furrows. | 5. Lophyroides cordoviensis. Lophyrus cordoviensis, Norton, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soe. ii. p. 823 ; Catal. p. 177 ( 3)’. Hab. Mexico}. PERREYIA. 63 PERREYIA. Perreyia, Brullé, Hymén. iv. p. 661. This genus differs.from Lophyroides in the antenne being only 13-jointed in both sexes and simple in the males, in the appendicular cellules in both wings (but more especially in the hinder pair) being much longer, in the second cellule receiving only one recurrent nervure, and by the palpi having fewer joints, the labial palpus being composed of only one large joint, as in Decameria, and the maxillary of only two joints—a long basal and a shorter, thicker, and more rounded apical one. 1. Perreyia capitula. (Tab. III. fig. 7.) Perreyia capitulum, Norton, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. i. p. 223; Catal. p. 223; ib. p. 85(¢&9)*. Hab. Mexico }. . . The antenne in this species are clearly 13-jointed, not 12 as stated by Norton. The sutures on the vertex are moderately deep, and there is a small transverse one behind the ocelli. A short, broad, and deep furrow runs from the ocelli down to the antennal fovea, and it is bisected by a somewhat narrower transverse furrow before its termi- nation. This central furrow is much wider, almost oblong, at the top in the male. The recurrent nervures n the male are received nearer the transverse cubital nervures than in the female. What Norton calls “a black spot on the apex of the abdomen” is the genital armature, which is black in it and in P. compta. 2. Perreyia compta. Perreyia compta, Norton, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. i. p. 823; Catal. p. 85(¢)'; Kirby, List of Hymen. i. t. 6. f. 15°. Hab. Mexico}. The sutures on the vertex are distinct; the frontal area is depressed, leading into a short and wide furrow, which reaches close to the antenne. The antenne are long, thick, become thickened towards the apex, and are covered with a close pile; the third joint double the length of the fourth; the joints produced a little at the apex ; the third and fourth thinner than the succeeding, the apex not attenuated ; the last two about equal in length. Wings deep violaceous throughout ; first cubital cellule a very little shorter than the second, which is not half the length of the third; second recurrent nervure interstitial. The neuration of the wings is very irregular, and specimens with five cubital cellules are not uncommon. It is a larger insect than P. championi; the antenne are longer, thicker, and distinctly pilose, and with the third joint distinctly double the length of the fourth, while the joints increase in thickness towards the apex, the reverse being the case with P. championi. It also differs from the latter in having the genital arma- ture black. | 64 HYMENOPTERA. Kirby (List of Hymen. i. p. 90) doubts if Norton had described a male, as he says he did; but Norton is quite correct in this, and, judging by Kirby’s figure of the so- called female, I should say it is a male. What Kirby (/. ¢.) describes and figures (t. 6. fig. 13) as the male of P. compta is a Lophyroides allied to L. ruficollis. 3. Perreyia championi. (Tab. IV. fig. 6, maxillary palpus.) Nigra, ore testaceo, abdomine flavo-rufo; alis fusco-violaceis, cellula cubitali tertia paullo breviore quam secunda. é. Long. 7-8 millim. Hab. GuateMaua, Purula (Champion). The antenne are stout, very slightly tapering towards the apex; the joints slightly produced at the apex, the third one half longer than the fourth; at the sides the joints are piceous. The vertex is raised, bounded on the sides by the vertical furrows, and immediately above the antenne by a transverse furrow; a short but wide furrow issues from near the lower ocellus. The space between the antenne, labrum, clypeus, and mandibles is testaceous. The second cubital cellule is longer than the first and third; the third itself is longer than the first; the second recurrent nervure is received a little behind the second transverse cubital and in the third cubital cellule. | DECAMERIA. Decameria, St.-Fargeau, Enc. Méth. x. p. 371 (1825). Dictynna, Brullé, Hymén. iv. p. 662; Norton, non Westwood. Camptobrium, Spinola, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. ix. p. 184. Acherdocerus, Kirby, List of Hymen. i. p. 92. I am not quite sure as to Camptobrium being identical with Decameria or congeneric with any of the insects I have described here. They agree closely with Spinola’s description and figure, save that he says the palpi are long, filiform, and 4—6-jointed, which is certainly not the case with any of the insects of this group known to me. My impression is that Spinola has made a mistake in his description of the palpi, but that can only be verified by an examination of his type specimen. Under these cir- cumstances I have not adopted Spinola’s name. It is necessary to explain that the typical Decameria has only ten joints in the antenne; but I have not, on this account, separated it from the species with eleven joints (that being the number with Campto- brium), because I do not regard, in this case, the number of joints of generic value, as the difference in the number of joints is not accompanied by other differences. 1. Decameria nigriceps. Camptobrium (?) nigriceps, Kirby, List of Hymen. i. p. 92, t. 6. f. 187. Hab. Mexico, Orizaba’. DECAMERIA. 65 2. Decameria rufiventris. Nigra, subviolacea, abdomine flavo-rufo; alis fuliginosis, cellula cubitali tertia duplo longiore quam secunda. ¢ abdomine supra nigro; alis cellula cubitali tertia haud duplo longiore quam secunda. Long. 10 millim. Hab. Costa Rica, Irazu, 6000 to 7000 feet (Rogers). The head is nearly on a line with the eyes behind. The sutures on the vertex are deep and broad, and go down to near the antenne; there is a distinct trans- verse furrow behind the ocelli and a longitudinal one in the centre of the vertex; the frontal area is deeply sunk, the depression extending from the ocelli to the antenne. The antenne are not much longer than the head and thorax, and shorter than the abdomen, slightly pilose; the third joint more than double the length of the fourth. The second cubital cellule is a little longer than the first, and has a large horny point beyond the middle, and is curved down where the recurrent nervure is received at the apical third. The third cellule is more than double the length of the second; the recurrent nervure is received close to the second transverse cubital nervure, which is not received in an acute angle; the basal nervure is interstitial, is straight, and not parallel with the first recurrent, which curves towards the base of the wing much more than the second recurrent; the transverse median nervure is short, and is received in an acute angle formed by the costal nervure; the median cellule is five-angled. The stigma is long; the appendicular cellule large; costa thickened. The spines are short, thick, broad; the patelle are present, although small; the spurs simple. The anterior tarsi are very much longer than the tibie ; the posterior scarcely so lengthened. The male has the abdomen entirely black above; the sutures on the vertex are scarcely so deep, but the transverse and longitudinal furrows are present; the third cubital cellule is shorter, not being double the length of the second, and the third joint of the antenne is shorter in proportion to the fourth. 3. Decameria nigriventris, (Tab. III. figg. 9,2; 9a, antenna.) Nigra; capite, prothorace, mesothorace tegulisque rufo-testaceis ; alis fuliginosis, cellula cubitali tertia duplo longiore quam secunda. Long. 8—9 millim. Hab. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui 2000 to 3000 feet (Champion). The antennz are sparsely pilose; the third joint scarcely double the length of fourth, the last longer than preceding, and, if any thing, longer than the fourth. The third cubital cellule is double the length of second. The anterior coxe and knees are pale red. This species is smaller than D. rufiventris. The head is narrower, and retreats considerably behind the eyes; the frontal area is not altogether hollowed, there being only a furrow proceeding from the ocellus; the thrid joint of the antenne is shorter ; the second cubital cellule is narrower, the third longer and consequently the fourth is shorter. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Hymenopt., December 1883. ; KK i= 66 _ HYMENOPTERA. 4. Decameria varipes. Nigra; pronoto, mesonoto, lateralibus tegulis, ore, facie orbitaque exteriore lete rufis ; coxis trochanteribusque albidis ; alis fumatis, cellula cubitali tertia fere longiore quam secunda; antennis 11-articulatis. Long. 5 millim. Hab. GuateMaua, Cerro Zunil 4000 to 5000 feet (Champion). The third joint of the antenne (which are longer than the abdomen) is nearly double the length of the fourth; the second cubital cellule is a very little shorter than the third; the second recurrent nervure is received a little beyond the second transverse cubital. The head is small, narrowed behind; the eyes project in front, so that the face retreats considerably. The greater part of the middle lobe of the mesonotum, the sides of metanotum, and the pleure immediately below the wings are red; the basal half of the anterior femora is white ; the abdomen is obscure fuscous across the segments above. 5. Decameria cordoviensis. Dictynna cordoviensis, Norton, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. iv. p. 81'; Cresson, loc. cit. viii. p. 38. Hab. Mexico, Cordova 1. 6. Decameria polita. Dictynna polita, Norton, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. iv. p. 81°; Cresson, loc. cit. viii. p. 38. Hab. Mexico 1, Cordova. 7. Decameria fumipennis. . Acherdocerus fumipennis, Kirby, List of Hymen. 1. p. 92. t. 7. f. 1%. Hab. Mexico}. Kirby describes the antenne as 9-jointed ; but both in the figure and in the enlarged drawing of the antenne they are represented as distinctly 10-jointed ; and Mr. Kirby tells me that on a re-examination of his type he finds that this is the real number. 8. Decameria facialis. Nigra; thorace, facie, coxis trochanteribusque rufis; antennis 10-articulatis ; alis fumatis. Long. 6-7 millim. Hab. Guatemata, Tamahu (Champion). The sutures on vertex are deep, and there is a transverse furrow bounding the vertex above the antenne, but there is no longitudinal frontal furrow ; the vertex is depressed in the centre behind the ocelli. The antenne are thick; the third joint is scarcely one quarter longer than the fourth; the last is longer than the ninth. The second transverse cubital nervure is absent. PAMPHILIUS.—CEPHUS. 67 The joints of the antenne are thicker than in D. nigriventris, and they are not so distinctly attenuated at the base, which is but slightly thinner than the apex; the third joint is shorter in comparison with the following, and the fourth cubital cellule is shorter. Subfam. LY DINA. PAMPHILIUS. Pamphilius, Latreille, Hist. Nat. Crust. Ins. i. p. 303 (1802). Lyda, Fabr., Syst. Piez. p. 43 (1804). This genus is characteristic of the temperate regions, and is almost if not quite absent from the tropics. Fifty-nine species have been described from Europe, Japan, and North China, and fifty-four are known from America north of Mexico. Only two species are known from Central America and none from the Ethiopian Region. 1. Pamphilius variegatus. Lyda variegata, Norton, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. ii. p. 3385; Catal. p. 189, go’. Hab. Mexico }. 2. Pamphilius creditus. Lyda credita, Norton, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soe. ii. p. 384; Catal. p. 188, ¢°. Hab. Mexico 1. Fam. CEPHID. CEPHUS. Cephus, Latreille, Hist. Nat. Crust. Ins. ii. p. 303 (1802). This genus is numerously represented in the Palearctic and Nearctic Regions, but is absent apparently elsewhere, except from Mexico and Japan. 1. Cephus (?) mexicanus. Cephus mexicanus, Guérin, Icon. Reg. Anim. iii. p.403; Norton, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. u1. p. 844; Catal. p. 198, 9’. Hab. Mexico }. The antenne of C. mewicanus are described as 7-jointed, which may be an error for 17-jointed. 68 HYMENOPTERA. Fam. SIRICIDA. Subfam. SZRICIN A. STREX. Sirex, Linneus, Faun. Suec. p. 896 (1761); Klug, Mon. Sir. Germ. p. 19 (1808). Urocerus, Geoffroy, Ins. Par. 11. p. 264 (1762). . This well-known genus is numerously represented in the Palearctic and Nearctic Regions, and species are also known from China, India, and Australia; but no species have hitherto been recorded from South America, or from the Ethiopian Region. 1. Sirex flavicornis. Sirex flavicornis, Fabr. Spec. Ins. i. p. 418. 4 (1781). Hab. Norta America; Mexico. There is a specimen of this species in the Hope Museum, Oxford, with the locality “Mexico.” It is common in North America. | 2. Sirex fulvus. Urocerus fulvus, Cresson, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. viii. p. 35 (1880) *; Kirby, List of Hymen. i. p. 879°. Hab. Norra Americal, Western States —MExIco ?. Subfam. XJPHY DRINA. DERECYRTA. Derecyrta, Smith, Ann. Nat. Hist. (ser. 3) vi. p. 255 (1860); Westwood, Thes. Ent. Oxon. p. 121 (1874). | This genus is exclusively Neotropical, and only four species have hitherto been described. It differs from Xiphydria merely in having only one radial cellule, and in having the ovipositor somewhat shorter; but this last point can scarcely be regarded as of generic value. The maxilla is constructed asin the Tenthredinide ; the palpi are 5-jointed ; joints one and three are the shortest, and nearly equal in length ; joint two is the longest, and the fifth is a little longer than the fourth. The labium is apparently entire; the palpi have three joints. The basal is longer than the second, and both are much thinner than the third, which is more than double their thickness, and as long as the first. 1. Derecyrta rugifrons. (Tab. III. fig. 13.) Nigra, alis fere hyalinis, apice lenissime fumatis; facie mesonotoque punctulatis; alis cellula cubitali secunda longiore quam tertia. Long. 17-18 millim. Hab. Costa Rica, Irazu, 6000 to 7000 feet (Rogers). DERECYRTA.—ORYSSUS. 69 The head behind the ocelli is smooth and shining, below semiopaque, snagreened ; front projecting, depressed in the centre. Mesonotum rugose, the lateral lobes in front finely punctured, half shining. Scutellum finely punctured ; at its apex it rises into a sharp but not high peak, which is more perpendicular behind than before. The abdo- men is shining, very finely punctured ; the basal segment is smooth, impunctate, but ' with the edges all round more coarsely punctured than any other part. The transverse basal nervure is received a little before the middle of the first cubital cellule and slightly curved; the first recurrent is also curved, but the opposite way, and is received not far from the first transverse cubital; the second recurrent nervure is received quite close to the second transverse cubital; the third cubital cellule is wider than second and longer than fourth. The antenne are much shorter than abdomen, are rather stout, and 23-jointed. Allied to D. lugubris, Westw., from Brazil, but differing in neuration and punctuation. Fam. ORYSSIDE. ORYSSUS. -Oryssus, Latreille, Précis, p. 111 (1796) ; Fabr. Ent. Syst. Suppl. p. 218 (1798). Fifteen species of this genus are known. Species are found in Europe, Abyssinia, Natal, the Gold Coast, and Aru; four have been recorded from North America, three from Brazil, and one from Chili. 1. Oryssus mexicanus. Oryssus mexicanus, Cresson, Proc. Amer. Ent. Soc. 1879, x.; Trans. viii. p. 48, 2°. Hab. Mexico}. 2. Oryssus nigricans. | (Tab. III. figg. 14; 144, spur on anterior leg; 146, antenna. ) - Niger, breviter pubescens, punctulatus, trochanteribus tarsisque anticis testaceis ; alis fumatis, albo maculatis. Long. 5 millim. Hab. GuateMata, Pantaleon 1700 feet ( Champion). The third joint of the antenne is double the length of the fourth; the last is as long and much thicker than the two preceding. ‘The head and thorax are coarsely punctured ; the punctures on scutellum are wider apart; the puncturing on the abdo- men is much finer and closer ; the segmental divisions are shining, impunctate. On the inner side of the eyes are three large (comparatively) tubercles, and down the lower part of the head in front is an ill-defined furrow; the base of stigma is white, and from this white part runs a pear-shaped fascia to the bottom of the wing, this fascia ry tac ae 70 | HYMENOPTERA. being widest at the top; the lower half of the wing to the middle fascia and the apex are milk-white. The posterior wings are almost hyaline, the upperside at apex only being smoky. | PETIOLIVENTRIA. DITROCHA (TEREBRANTIA). Fam. CYNIPIDA. Subfam. GALLICOLINA. CYNIPS sensu lat. The three species of gall-making Cynipide which inhabit Central America are only known from their galls, so that it is impossible to say to what genus the makers of these belong; and although Dr. Karsh describes the upheaver of the gall he records from Mexico, I cannot, from his description, refer the species described by him with precision to any of the modern genera. 1. Cynips setifer. Diplolepis setifer, Karsch, Zeitschr. f. d. ges. Naturw. liii. p. 291, t. vi. f. 2-2a-d’. Hab. Mexico}. 2. Cynips championi. The gall is broader than long, having a breadth of about 24 inches and a length of 2 inches, the surface irregularly indented, of a leathery texture, and so hard that it can be cut only with difficulty; the inside is also hard and is of a close compact spongy nature. Its colour closely resembles that of the twigs. Intersected through it at irregular intervals are oval cells about 14 millim. in length. The outer margin of the cells is hard, woody, and white. Besides the numerous exit-holes of the gall-flies there was a larger one which, at a short distance from the outer skin, bifurcated into two tunnels; these were filled with “ frass,” and in one of them was found a silken case, white and smooth internally, but covered with “ frass” on the outside, clearly the case of some Microlepidopteron. The gall is situated at the end of a twig about 3 millim. in diameter. It is said by Mr. Champion to be common in Chiriqui ona species of oak. The maker is unknown to me. 3. Cynips imitator. (Tab. IV. fig. 8, gall.) Hab. GuatemaLa, San Geronimo (Champion). The largest galls have a diameter of 26 millim. In form they are more or less © roundish, but, if any thing, longer than broad; they are situated on a twig or small CYNIPS. 71 branch, which they surround about equally on all sides. The galls proper originate from the twig; they are woody in texture, much longer than broad, being more than 4 millim. long and only about 1 millim. broad ; they stand out from either side of the twig; each is covered by a mass of white, soft, woolly hair, which may be 10 millim. long. As the galls are closely pressed together they form, from the length and thick- ness of the woolly covering, a large ball-like mass of white wool, which must be a conspicuous object on the twig, and from being delicately tinted with pink must be very pretty. All the specimens I have were pulled when very young, and hence it is impossible to make out any thing of the structure of the inner galls. The gall is very like that of Cynips seminator, Fitch, and may, indeed, be made by that species. 4. Cynips guatemalensis. (Tab. IV. figg. 7, 7a, gall.) Hab. Guaremata, San Gerénimo (Champion). The gall is found on the lower side of the leaves of an Ilex oak. It is placed on the mid-rib, usually towards the centre of leaf ; it is flat on the lower side, but dome-shaped above, and is wider than high. The centre is hard and woody, and the fibres radiate from the centre towards the edge; the larval chambers are situated along the edge, there being none in the centre. Outside the woody central gall is a covering of woolly hairs, white internally, but reddish brown on the outer side. An average-sized gall measures for the gall proper 7 lines in breadth and 5 lines in height, while the woolly outer covering is nearly 3 lines. The galls are usually in pairs; but single specimens are also found, and in one instance there were four specimens on a single leaf; these were much smaller than usual. Dr. Karsch * describes three galls on oak (Quercus benthami, Dec.) from Mexico which are in all probability formed by species of Cynipide, but no names are given to them, namely :— 1. A round gall on the leaf-stalk close to leaf, dark red externally and velvet-like in texture. The thin-walled shell encloses an inner gall in the centre, and from this inner gall fibres radiate to the circumference, thus keeping it in position. It has a diameter of 26 cm. (/. ¢. t. vii. f. 13). | 2. Asmall, smooth, shining, yellowish, roundish gall of 14 millim. diameter on the leaf. 3. A gall like the first, but larger, being 4 cm. in diameter and outwardly smooth, yellowish and warty in texture (J. ¢. t. vil. f. 14 a-c). Subfam. JNQUILINA. This group consists of the species which lay their eggs in the galls raised by other Cynipide, and live in them at the expense of the legitimate owner. They are vegetable * J. cp. 303. 72 HYMENOPTERA. feeders and often distort the galls which they inhabit. From their habits they have been called ** Cuckoo-flies.” SYNERGUS. Synergus, Hartig, Germ. Zeits. ii. 1840, p. 186; Foerster, Verh. zool.-bot. Wien, 1869, p. 332. 1. Synergus filicornis. (Tab. IV. fig. 10 2; 10a, antenna.) Rufo-testaceus; antennis (basi excepto), vertice, pleuris, metathorace abdominisque dorso nigris ; pedibus flavo- albidis, tarsis posticis nigris ; alis hyalinis, nervis testaceis. Long. fere 3 millim. Hab. Guatemata, San Gerénimo (Champion). The vertex is shagreened, shining; the face when looked at with a strong glass has a matted appearance as if it were covered with fine hair; the pronotum and mesonotum closely punctured longitudinally ; pleure transversely striated, shining in the centre, more opaque at the sides; the abdomen is smooth and shining; the apex finely shagreened ; ovipositor black. 2. Synergus dorsalis. Rufo-testaceus ; macula mesonoti, metathorace, pectore abdominisque dorso nigris ; pedibus flavo-albidis ; alis hyalinis, nervis testaceis. Long. 4 millim. Hab. Guatemaua, San Gerdénimo (Champion). The head and thorax are finely rugose; the pleure striated; abdomen finely shagreened ; ovipositor black; the third joint of the antenne is a little longer than the fourth; the fourth, fifth, and sixth are subequal; the rest are wanting. In most of the specimens the space enclosing the ocelli and the part behind it, a broad stripe on mesonotum, and the basal half of scutellum are black. Differs from 8S. filicornis in having black on the mesonotum, the thorax more strongly punctured, abdomen shorter and not so much compressed, it being not much longer than thorax ; wings shorter, and the hind tarsi are not black. In the male the thorax and abdomen are entirely black, as well as the greater portion of the sides of the latter. | All my specimens were cut out of the galls of Cynips guatemalensis. Subfam. PARASITIC. EUCOILIDA. The species of this group are easily recognized by the cup-shaped hollow on the top of the scutellum. The European species have been distributed among a large number of genera by COTHONASPIS.—BALNA. 73 Foerster, many of them being founded on very slight characters. The species are very numerous in the northern parts of Europe (where alone they have been properly studied); but few have been recorded from America, and none hitherto from South or Central America. | COTHONASPIS. Cothonaspis, Hartig, Germ. Zeits. Ent. i. p. 201; Foerster, Verh. pr. Rheinl. 1869, p. 347. No species of this genus have been previously recorded from America. 1. Cothonaspis allotriiformis. Rufa, pedibus flavis, vertice leta, mesonoto antennarumque apice nigro-piceis ; antennis corporis fere longitu- dine, clava 5-articulata, articulo tertio longiore quam quartus, scutelli fovea sat magna, ovata; alis hyalinis, longe ciliatis, cellula radiali elongata. Long. 1-2 millim. Hab. Mexico, Cordova (Sallé). The antenne are nearly as long as the body; the third joint is longer than the fourth; the five apical form a club; they are covered sparsely with microscopic hairs. The cup on the scutellum is not so hollow as in the typical species of the genus; the wings are covered at the apex with long hair; the radial cellule is closed. Fam. FIGITID. The Figitide of the older authors have been split up into three groups—the Ana- charina, Onychiina, and Figitina. No species of the first have been recorded from our district, but one of the genera here described is intermediate between it and the second. If these divisions are to be accepted, Leiopteron would require one for itself; but we know so little about the American species that any attempt at their classification must be regarded with distrust at present. BALNA. Antenne 13-jointed, filiform ; the joints of the flagellum longer than broad; the third joint longer than the fourth; the rest becoming gradually shorter, but scarcely thicker towards the apex. Cheeks and temples margined. Prothorax with the margin distinctly ridged. Mesonotum with two wide and deep sutures, the centre raised into a blunt ridge a little before the middle. A single fovea in front of scutel- lum, which is produced at the apex into a blunt, short, thick spine. Thorax smooth, shining, impunctate. Radial cellule longer than wide, closed before and behind and without a bounding nervure along the costa. Cubital nervure obsolete. This genus comes nearest to Aspicera, Dbm., but differs in having the thorax smooth, shining, the scutellum not produced into a long, sharp spine, and with only a single fovea at the base, while the radial cellule is completely closed before and behind. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Hymenopt., December 1883. LL 74 HYMENOPTERA. 1. Balna nigriceps. Rufa; capite, scapo antennarum abdomineque nigris, alis hyalinis. Long. 3-4 millim. - | Hab. Guatemata, Volcan de Atilan 2500 to 3000 feet (Champion). The antennz are as long as the body, filiform, becoming very slightly thicker towards the apex; third joint a very little longer than the fourth, the rest to the penultimate becoming gradually shorter, the last one half longer than the twelfth ; the first double the length of the second, which is broader than long. Vertex raised, its centre hollow. Head broad behind the eyes, where there is a suture. Prothorax ridged, the ridge scarcely sloping towards the coxe, with a very slight slope in front, and ending in the centre in a small blunt tubercle. Lateral suture on mesonotum deep, ending at the prothoracic ridge, middle suture short. In the middle of the mesonotum isa blunt, comparatively large, tubercle. A ridge separates the scutellum from mesonotum ; it has one large hollow at the base, and has a sharp blunt ridge in the centre; it is hollow on either side of this and ends in a short, blunt spine, but the ridge is depressed before ending in the spine. The pleure are smooth, impunctate. The metanotum is thickly covered with white hair. NERALSIA. Antenne 13-jointed, thick, increasing in thickness towards the apex; first joint double the length of second, which is ovate; third longer than fourth; the sixth to the penultimate thicker than preceding, a little longer than broad, rounded at base and apex, striated; last nearly double the length of twelfth. Eyes bare, margined. Ocelli in a triangle. Pronotum margined, very nearly perpendicular in front. Meso- notum smooth, shining, with two sutures; scutellum with two large fovee at the base, prolonged into a moderately long spine at the apex. Petiole striated. Radial cellule not much longer than broad, completely closed all round. Cubital nervure incomplete, apex of wing ciliated. Mandibles stout, not much longer than broad, with three short blunt teeth. Maxillary palpi 4-jointed. This genus is intermediate between the Onychiina and the Figitina. It agrees with the former group in the structure of the thorax and abdomen, with the latter in the form of the antenne. The almost moniliform joints of the latter distinguish it from any of the known genera of Anacharina. 1. Neralsia rufipes. (Tab. IV. fige.9 9; 9a, antenna; b, scutellum; c, ovipositor. ) Nigra, abdominis basi pedibusque rufis; alis hyalinis, medio fusco-maculatis. Long. 3-4. Hab. GuateMaLa, Pantaleon 1700 feet (Champion). The antennz are as long as the abdomen and half the thorax, slightly pilose, the hairs long and scattered; basal joint three times as long as the second, thickened NERALSIA.—LEIOPTERON. 75 towards the apex ; the second is not much longer than broad, globular; third one half longer than fourth; the third, fourth, and fifth somewhat cylindrical; the rest to the penultimate thicker and shorter in proportion to the breadth, and becoming gradually shorter ; last conical at apex, nearly double the length of the twelfth. The head has a few scattered hairs. Vertex thick, raised, rugose-punctured; a furrow goes down the side outside the ocelli; the antenne originate from tubercles. Prothorax large, smooth, shining ; a distinct ridge goes down from the top, and divides the front portion (which slopes down from the ridge) from the larger posterior part, and a few rough ridges run from it laterally on the upperside, from the mesonotum. The lateral sutures on the mesonotum are wide and deep, but become obsolete towards the prothorax; there is a short central one which is one half longer than wide; its base is sharply pointed; the apex truncated. Close to the base of scutellum is a distinct, transverse ridge from which the mesothoracic sutures originate; on the other sides of this ridge are the two large, oval, deep scutellar fovee. The scutellum rises gradually from the foveee with a slope; the centre is hollow, the hollow being longer than broad ; on each side of this central depression is a smaller and much narrower hollow; the scutellum ends in a short, stout spine, which projects backwards. The metanotum has a large hollow field in the centre ; it is longer than broad in the centre, and is surrounded by a straight channel behind and by a blunt ridge at the sides. Abdomen shortér than the thorax; pedicel short, raised, channelled, the edge margined; second segment scarcely half the length of the third, produced into a tongue-like process above; the third segment is a little longer than the fourth and following segments together. Radial cellule wider than long. Posterior tibie and metatarsi thick ; spurs nearly one quarter of the length of the latter. LEIOPTERON. Leiopteron, Perty, Delect. Am. Art. (1830). This genus is exclusively Neotropical. Eight species have been described from Brazil. 1. Leiopteron westwoodii. (Tab. IV? fig. 12,9; 12a, antenna.) Rufum ; capite thoraceque sat longe albido-villosis; antennis (apice excepto), abdomine pedibusque posticis nigris, tarsis posticis rufo-testaceis ; alis hyalinis, macula magna ad apicem fumata. Long. 6 millim. Hab. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui 2500 to 4000 feet (Champion). The antenne are distinctly clavate; the third joint is shorter than the fourth. The head and thorax coarsely rugose; mesopleura smooth, almost impunctate, the upper part depressed and separated from the lower by a curved groove; this upper part is finely punctured ; sternum coarsely punctured. The anterior coxe, trochanters, and the | LL 2 76 HYMENOPTERA. pectus are more or less black; the metathorax is also black behind. Abdomen smooth and shining; the apex covered with long white hairs; the fascia in fore wings com- mences close to the end of the radial cellule, and is a little longer than it. Fam. CHALCIDIDZ. This family contains an immense horde of minute parasitic species, the study of which is attended with great difficulties. The European forms have been divided into a large number of genera, the characters of which do not appear to apply to exotic species, and many of which, moreover, have been grounded on single species—as often as not, known only from one sex. The definitions furthermore given by Foerster and Thomson for many of the higher groups are, in the majority of cases, equally inapplicable to exotic forms. These, then, would require to have new divisions created for them, or the older ones would need have their limits enlarged and revised. My material, however, is so limited that I have not attempted to do this, and I have avoided as much as possible the creation of new genera. . Subfam. LEUCOSPIDINA.. This group is a very distinct one, being readily distinguished by having the wings folded as in the Vespide, and by the ovipositor being turned over the back of the abdomen. LEUCOSPIS. Leucospis, Fabricius, Syst. Ent. ii. p. 245 ; Westwood, Germ. Zeits. Ent. i. p. 235. This well-known genus is found in the Palearctic Region, North and South Africa, the East Indies, North America, Brazil and Chili, New Caledonia, &c. The species are parasites in the nests of bees and wasps. 1. Leucospis bulbiventris. Leucospis bulbiventris, Cresson, Tr. Am. Ent. Soc. iv. p. 297. Hab. Mexico 1. 2. Leucospis apicalis. Leucospis apicalis, Cresson, Tr. Am. Ent. Soc. iv. p. 80°. Hab. Mexico 1. 3. Leucospis mexicana. (Tab. IV. figg. 11,2; 11a, maxilla; 113, labium; 11 c, mandible.) Leucospis mexicana, Walker, Journ. of Ent. i. p. 20, 9*; Cresson, Tr. Am. Ent. Soc. iv. p. 30. Hab. Mexico'!; Nicaragua, Chontales (Belt); Panama (Boucard). LEUCOSPIS. 17 I am not quite sure that the specimens from Nicaragua and Panama are to be referred to L. mexicana, for they differ from the descriptions of the latter in having the abdomen not “strongly metallic green at the apex,” and the anterior femora are lined beneath with yellow; otherwise they agree closely enough with Walker’s and Cresson’s descriptions. 4. Leucospis sumichrasti. Leucospis sumichrasti, Cresson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. iv. p. 30°. Hab. Mexico}, -§. Leucospis klugii. Leucospis klugii, Westwood, Germ. Zeits. Ent. i. p. 249, pl. 3. f. 1, $°; Cresson, Tr. Am. Ent. Soe. iv. p. 35°. Hab. Mexico }. 6. Leucospis azteca. Leucospis azteca, Cresson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. iv. p. 33°. Hab. Mexico}. 7. Leucospis dubiosa. Leucospis dubiosa, Cresson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. iv. p. 34’. Hab. Mexico}. Cresson thinks this may prove to be a variety of L. azteca, from which it differs but little. 8. Leucospis tolteca. Leucospis tolteca, Cresson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. iv. p. 34’. Hab. Mexico !. Subfam. CHALCIDINA. According to European writers the species pertaining to this subfamily are to be known by having the posterior femora enlarged and serrated or toothed on the under- side, and the body not metallic. ‘These characters are sufficient for European species, but scarcely so for exotic; for many species allied to Cleonymus and Torymus have similarly constructed femora. The species of Smicra and Chalcis (which are the typical genera of the group) are commonest of all the exotic Chalcids. 78 HYMENOPTERA. SMICRA. Smicra, Spinola, Ann. Mus. xvii. p. 147. Spilochalcis, Thoms. Hymen. Scand. iv. p. 18. Conura, Sichel, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. (4) v. p. 348, 1865 (ex parte). Chalcis, Westwood, Intr. to Class. Ins. ii. Appendix, p. 65. This is one of the best-known and most widely distributed of the genera of Chalci- didz. Species have been discovered in almost all parts of the world; but they appear to be especially abundant in Central and South America. The generic characters appear to lie in the antenne being inserted in the middle of the face, and in the abdomen having a more or less elongated peduncle—the former character separating it from Epitranus and Chalcitella, which have a longish petiole ;. and the latter from Chalcis and Halcitella. Conura (in part) differs merely from it in the apical abdominal segments being prolonged into a “tail” as in Phasgonophora. 1am very doubtful if this latter character is a generic one; the length of the “ tail” depends upon the habits of the insects, having reference (as in Torymus) to the situation in which the prey of the Chaicis is hidden: if it is easily reached, the ovipositor is short; if more out of the parasite’s reach, it is lengthened in correspondence. I find, furthermore, that so many gradations occur, say between an ovipositor of the length of that of Phasgonophora thoracica and an ordinary Smicra, that it is impossible to draw a line between them ; and the difficulty of separating the genera in this group is increased by the fact that the length of the petiole also varies, so that thus the line of demarcation between Smicra and Chalcis is not always easily fixed. C. G. Thomson (J. ¢.) has divided the Smicra of authors into two genera—Smicra (having for type the Sphewx sispes, Linn.), distinguished by the thorax being entirely black, and the middle tibie without spurs; and Spilochalcis, with the thorax more or less marked with yellow, and the middle tibie with spurs. According to this definition, all the Central-American species known to me must be referred to Spilo- chalcis; but in the mean time I prefer to retain the older denomination. The species show considerable variation in structure, especially of the femora and metathorax. The latter is usually divided by reticulations into more or less well- defined fields, the form of which may afford good specific characters, as they do in the Ichneumonide; but I am unable to say if their shape is constant in the same species, not having long series of any of them. A. Femoral teeth large, blunt, 4 to 8 in number. (Species 1-10.) 1. Smicra mexicana. Smicra mexicana, Cresson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. iv. p. 42. 13°. Hab. Mexico (Sumichrast'). SMICRA. | 79 2. Smicra dimidiata. Conura dimidiata, Sichel, Ann. Ent. Soc. Fr. (4) v. p. 3907. Hab. Mexico, Orizaba !. 7 3. Smicra pulchra. Smicra pulchra, Cresson, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil. iv. p. 94'; Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. iv. p. 50°. Smicra transitiva, Walker, Trans. Ent. Soc. (8) i. p. 371. Hab. Cusa; Mexico}. 4. Smicra quadridentata. Rufo-testacea ; ore, mesopleuris, maculis mesonoti cum scutello postice antennisque nigris; femoribus posticis 4-dentatis; antennarum apice rufo, scapo testaceo; alis fuscis, apice fere hyalinis. ?. Long. 8 millim. Hab. GuatemMata, San Gerénimo (Champion). The head, thorax, and legs are covered with a short, sparse, pale, glistening pubes- cence. The front is somewhat hollow in the centre; a blunt projecting ridge runs from a little above the antenne to the clypeus, and on each side and above the latter is a hollow space; the lower part of the head is obscurely transversely striated; the upper part coarsely punctured, but not so strongly as the thorax. The space around the outer ocelli and a broad band from the lower ocellus to the base of the antenne are black, as is also the back of the head. Scape longish, rather narrow; flagellum thick, the joints rather closely pressed together. Thorax coarsely and uniformly punctured all over; the scutellum projects behind, where it has, as usual, a broad border, which projects on each side into two blunt teeth; an obscure carina is in the centre at the base. The metathorax has a moderate slope, the second and third rows of fields are large; in a line with the centre of the scutellum is a carina which divides two large equal fields, and on each side of these is a longer one; immediately below the two square fields is a slightly larger pentagonal one, which has attached to it on either side a small square one; the other Aelds are larger than usual. The petiole of the abdomen is about one third of the length of the posterior coxe, and about one fourth of the length of the abdomen, which is ovoid, narrowed towards the apex; the sheath of the ovipositor is black, and hairy at the apex. The posterior femora have four large, thick, slightly curved teeth, which reach beyond the middle of the tibie ; they are black at the apex. The following parts on the thorax are black—a large mark in centre of mesonotum, longer than broad, a shorter and narrower line on either side of this, a much narrower transverse one running at the base of scutellum from one tegula to the other; a large oval mark on the apical portion of scutellum, the mesopleura, and mesosternum. Wing fuscous, the apex almost hyaline; throughout there is a distinct violet iridescence. 80 HYMENOPTERA. This may perhaps be S. compactilis, but it does not quite agree with the description, and the antenne were broken off in Cresson’s single specimen, so no description is given of these important organs. There is no mention of S. compactilis having a black trans- verse line at base of scutellum, and the abdomen is stated to be pale yellow at base and apex, which is not the case with S. 4-dentata. <——~- 5, Smicra compactilis. Smicra compactilis, Cresson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. iv. p. 50°. Hab. Mexico (Sumichrast'). 6. Smicra championi. (Tab. V. fig. 1, 2.) Flava, flagello brunneo, apice nigro, facie linea medio, maculis thoracis et pedibus posticis nigris, femoribus posticis 4-dentatis, magnis; alis hyalinis. ‘ Long. 7 millim. Hab. Panama, Bugaba (Champion). Scape almost cylindrical, shorter than the second, third, and fourth joints together ; second joint a very little longer than third; annellus a little longer than broad ; base of flagellum not much thinner than apex. Head deeply excavated in front in middle, the excavation black, as isalso the back of the head. Prothorax and mesonotum closely covered with large round punctures; pleure obsoletely punctured, the centre with an oblique excavation, which is transversely striated and black. At the base of mesonotum is a broad, black mark which does not go completely across; in centre isa mark, narrow at base and apex, wide in middle, which joins the basal one to another transverse one at base of scutellum ; from this a broad mark runs to the pronotum, which it joins in front of tegule, becoming wider as it reaches the pronotum. A narrow line goes through the centre of scutellum, the apex of which is entirely black; at the base the sides of scutellum are bordered with black. Scutellum bluntly bituberculate. Meta- thoracic fields moderately well defined, central appendiculated, wider than long, five- angled, the edges of metathorax bluntly tuberculated. Petiole half the length of abdomen, and scarcely half the length of posterior coxe; these are black at the apex. There is a small mark, longer than broad, on upperside, a longer mark between and touching the two apical teeth ; the trochanters, knees, and apex of tibie are also black ; teeth black, except at the base; the three apical are three fourths of the width of femora, the basal shorter, thicker, and blunter. At the base of third abdominal segment is a narrow black band; ovipositor black. This is a narrower and more slender species than S. guadridentata; the punctures on the head are almost obsolete, the front is more deeply excavated, petiole longer and thinner, coxee longer and thinner, the teeth are longer and sharper, and the hair on the lower side of femora is very sparse, not dense as in S. guadridentata. It seems to come very near S. exornata ; but that species has not the centre of the head black, the SMICRA. 81 4 antenne have the flagellum “blackish above, fulvous beneath,” and the posterior femora bear more black, including three spots on inner side. 7. Smicra exornata. Smicra exornata, Cresson, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soe. iv. p. 50°. Hab. Mexico (Sumichrast }). 8. Smicra sexdentata. Flavo-testacea ; scapo supra, maculis 4 parvis mesonoti, linea mesopleurorum, coxis posticis supra, trochanteribus posticis femoribusque posticis 3-maculatis, nigris ; femoribus posticis sexdentatis, magnis ; alis hyalinis. Long. 8 millim. Hab. Mexico, Presidio (Forrer). The face and underside of the scape are pallid yellow, the latter is hollowed on the outerside at the apex. The transverse furrow over the mouth is broad and deep; the fovew at side of the clypeus deep, sharp at the ends, and half the length of the transverse groove. ‘The face below the antenne projects broadly, there being no keel; the head above the antenne is deeply excavated, the excavation reaching to the lower ocellus; it also extends a little below the antennz. Lower part of the head smooth, shining, the upper coarsely punctured. Pro- and mesonotum coarsely punctured, and covered (as is also the vertex) with long black hairs; the mesopleura in the centre deeply excavated, smooth, shining, impunctate ; the rest of pleuree coarsely punctured. The scutellum, as usual, is margined, and at the apex ends in two blunt teeth. The meta- thorax is reticulated into wide areas ; in the centre is an irregular furrow, which widens in the centre, where there is, on each side of it, a narrow area; the upper area is large, pentagonal. The teeth on side of the metathorax are mere rugosities, except the lowest ; the hair on the metapleura is partly in tufts. The pronotum bearsa narrow black line on either side; there is a short black transverse one on middle lobe of the mesonotum, a smaller round one at the sides, and a broad triangular one on apex of the scutellum ; the hollow middle of the mesopleura is for the most part black. The abdomen is smooth, shining, impunctate, and of a lighter tint than the thorax; it is a little shorter than the head and thorax. The apical and middle segments are fuscous at the junction of the seg- ments; ovipositor black; the apical segments covered with short black hair. Petiole thick, double long as broad. The legs are of a paler tint than the thorax; on the upperside of the posterior coxe is a broad black line which, at the apex, is continued all round as a black ring; the trochanters are for the greater part black; on the outer side of the femora, between the two apical teeth, is a black mark which is longer than broad. On the inner side above, extending from a little beyond the middle, is a broad black line, and there is a shorter BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Hymenopt., February 1884. MM 82 HYMENOPTERA. one lower down in the middle. There is a blunt tooth on the posterior coxe at the apex above ; teeth on the femora large, black, except at the base ; the basal one is thicker and stouter than the others, which are as long as one fourth of the breadth of the femora ; they become a little longer towards the apex. Like the body the legs are covered with black hairs. —~—~ 9. Smicra octodentata. Flava; maculis et lineis thoracis, trochanteribus posticis et maculis femorum posticorum nigris; alis hyalinis, nervis nigris, femoribus posticis 8-dentatis, magnis, nigris. Long. 6 millim.? Hab. Mexico, Presidio, near Mazatlan (Forrer). Flagellum about double the length of the scape, thick, increasing in thickness towards the apex, closely covered with a fuscous pile; beneath it is faintly reddish. Scape not carinated, moderately thick. Excavation on front deep, black beneath the ocelli; behind the head is black in the middle. Mesonotum coarsely punctured, mesopleura in middle striated in centre of depression, outside around it smooth, impunctate; the rest coarsely punctured, but not so strongly as above. Scutellum also coarsely punctured, margined behind, depressed in the centre. From the pro- notum run four broad black bands towards the scutellum, but only the two inner ones reach it; in front of the scutellum is a black transverse band narrowed in the middle; at the side of the scutellum, behind the tegule, and in its centre is a small black mark. In front the mesopleura is black, as is also the central depression, and the metasternum is black. Metanotum reticulated, its sides straight. Posterior coxe nearly as long as the femora, ovoid. Teeth on the femora large, curved, directed towards the apex; two apical smaller and blunter than the rest, and nearly united at the base. The knees and apex of the posterior tibie are brownish fuscous. The abdomen is unfortunately missing from the only specimen I have. . 10. Smicra sicheli. Conura scutellaris, Sichel, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. (5) iv. p. 888 (non Cresson); Cresson, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. iv. p. 59°. Hab. Mexico, Orizaba 1. This species has eight acute teeth like S. octodentata, but the body is entirely yellow, and the mesonotum transversely striated. The abdomen is described as shortly pedunculated. | SMICRA. 83 B. Femoral teeth small, minute, more than 8 in number. 1. Body reddish, scarlet, or orange. (Species 11-17.) 11. Smicra coccinata. Smicra coccinata, Cresson, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. iv. p. 48. 30°. Hab. Mexico}, This species is nearly related to 8. nigromaculata, but is sufficiently distinguished from it by the thorax being transversely striated, by having only two broad black marks on front of mesonotum, and the head yellowish. 12. Smicra nigromaculata, (Tab. IV. figg. 15,9; 15a, maxilla; 15 4, poste- rior leg.) Ferruginea ; antennis, vertice, maculis mesonoti, coxis posticis supra tibiarumque posticarum basi nigris ; femo- ribus posticis 13-dentatis; alis fuscis. ¢. Long. fere 8 millim. Hab. GuatemaLa, San Gerénimo (Champion). Head, thorax, and legs covered with a long fuscous pubescence; face transversely striated, the strie being, however, not very clearly defined; the upper part of the head is coarsely rugose; a sharp keel runs from the antenne down the face to the clypeus; vertex depressed. Antenne stout, somewhat compressed, and longer than the thorax; scape hollow on the underside, from the middle to the apex, in the centre; the face is pale testaceous in colour; the middle of the head above, from the ocelli to the base of the antenne, black. The thorax forms an ovoid mass, much longer, broader, and higher than the abdomen; it is coarsely punctured. The scutellum is not much raised above the mesonotum ; its apical margin has a broad border, and it does not project much over the metanotum, which is semiperpendicular. Close to the base of the scutellum, and in the centre, is a small round hollow, and from this runs an ill-defined furrow to the apex, where it projects into the border, which also projects a little. The metathorax ends on each side in a large, stout, blunt spine; metanotum reticulated. _ The petiole is scarcely half the length of the long posterior coxe, and about two thirds of the length of the abdomen. There are thirteen teeth on the femora; those at the base are small, but they become larger and more widely separated towards the apex. The following parts are black :—a small round mark on each side of the pronotum; a large, somewhat ‘triangular, mark on the mesonotum, with a red mark in its centre; there is a longitudinal narrower line on each side of this, which becomes united by a thin transverse line at the base of the scutellum, and this line again is united to the large central mark by a short longitudinal line; a transverse line at the base of the metanotum, and from the centre of this projects a short longitudinal line; a spot at base of the scutellum, the space behind the metathoracic spine, the metasternum, an oblique line on the mesopleura, mesosternum, the greater part of the posterior coxe above, and MM 2 84 HYMENOPTERA. the apical half beneath, trochanters, posterior knees broadly, and the femoral teeth. The scape at its extreme base and on the underside to the apical third is pale reddish. The wings are lighter at the apex than at the base. 13. Smicra flammeola. Smicra flammeola, Cresson, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. iv. p. 48+. Smicra flammula, Kirby, Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. xvii. p. 66. Hab. Mexico (Sumichrast) }. | 14. Smicra erythrina. Smicra erythrina, Walker, Journ. Ent. i. p. 179'; Cresson, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soe. iv. p. 567. Hab. Mexico, Orizaba }, 15. Smicra cardinalis. (Tab. V. fig. 5, 2.) Coccinea; pilosa, antennis trochanteribusque posticis nigris; femoribus posticis 12-dentatis, nigris, tarsis pallidis ; alis fumatis, apice fere hyalinis. Long. fere 8 millim. Hab. Panama, Bugaba (Champion). Antenne thick, scarcely becoming thinner towards the apex. Scape not longer than first joint of flagellum, compressed on lower side. Front broadly excavated. Each ocellus situated in a depression, the anterior but very little in front of the others. Mesonotum transversely rugose. Scutellum coarsely rugose, its apex produced at the sides into rounded membranous lobes; in the middle, between these membranous expansions, the scutellum is only faintly aciculated; behind it is semiperpendicular. Pleure rugose ; the oblique excavation in the middle is broad, deep, smooth, and shining. Metathoracic fields large, central longer than broad, acute and narrow at the base and apex, the middle broader; there are six lateral fields, the lower ones with projecting teeth. Petiole a little longer than the abdomen, which is a little longer than broad. Ovipositor black, shortly projecting. Posterior coxe longer than the petiole by nearly one third, slightly thicker in front of the middle than at the base, and becoming thinner towards the point. Femora almost shorter than petiole; teeth blunt; the apical widely separated; the hair on the head and thorax is black, on the legs white. 16. Smicra ferruginea. Ferruginea ; antennis (scapo excepto), cauda dentibusque nigris; femorum posticorum dentibus 14; alis hyalinis. . Long. 64 millim. Hab. Guaremaua, El Reposo (Champion). The head and thorax are covered with a longish fuscous pubescence; the abdomen and legs with a shorter and paler one. -Mesonotum and the scutellum transversely striated, but the striation on the latter is much less distinct. The scutellum behind SMICRA. 85 ends in the centre in a moderately sharp angle. The metathorax projects a little behind; the upper central field is not distinctly pedunculated; the base is wider than long; the lower central one is deeper, nearly round, and with a distinct margin; the lower lateral field is round, and is a little smaller than the lower central one. The petiole is nearly as long as the second abdominal segment. Abdomen a little longer than the head and thorax, somewhat narrow, compressed, and narrowing from the base to the apex. The teeth on the femora are small and blunt. This species is closely related to S. miniata, but may be known therefrom by the thorax being very nearly of the same tint as the abdomen, by the thorax being more hairy, the hairs too being longer, by the upper central field being shorter and broader and not distinctly pedunculated, by the lower central one being larger than the lower lateral, the opposite being the case with miniata; the metathoracic teeth are much less developed. It is also a smaller insect, and differs otherwise in the teeth on the femora being fewer. 17. Smicra miniata. Sordide rufo-testacea ; facie, metathorace petioleque pallidis, antennis (scapo excepto) caudaque nigris ; femorum posticorum dentibus 19; alis hyalinis. Long. 8 millim. Hab. Nicaragua, Chontales (Janson); GuateMaLa, San Gerdnimo (Champion). Head and thorax sparingly covered with a short fuscous pubescence. Abdomen smooth, shining, almost glabrous. Head and thorax dull testaceous, mottled with paler spots. Abdomen reddish testaceous; the legs are also of this colour, but are paler at the base. Mesonotum transversely striated. Scutellum obscurely rugose- punctured and margined behind. The upper central area of the metanotum has a distinct peduncle; the area itself is longer than broad, rounded before, truncated behind ; the lower central field is much smaller, smaller than the lower lateral one and not much larger than the upper lateral. Each side of the metathorax terminates in three large teeth, the two inner being placed nearer to each other than the second is to the outer; the inner tooth is the largest and sharpest. ‘The peduncle is thick, stout in the middle, and a little shorter than the metathorax. The abdomen is-a little longer than the head and thorax. The teeth on the femora are small. 2. Body yellow, marked with black. a. Wings for the most part blackish. (Species 18-21.) 18. Smicra trituberculata. Straminea; capite, antennarum flagello, mesonoti medio, scutello postice, abdomine postice, coxis tibiisque posticis (basi excepto) nigris; alis fuscis, medio hyalinis; femoribus posticis 13-dentatis, nigris, scutello trituberculato. Long. 9 millim. Hab. GuatEMALA, Panima (Champion) ; Panama, Bugaba 800 to 1500 feet (Champion). 86 HYMENOPTERA. The mouth and inner portion of the orbits of the eyes towards the middle are yellow, as in S. miranda; the edge of the head on the lower side is narrowly lined with yellow. The pro- and mesonotum coarsely transversely striated ; posteriorly the latter (as is also the scutellum) is coarsely rugose-punctured; in the centre of the scutellum at the base is a blunt thick tooth or tubercle. The apex is bituberculate, as in S. miranda, these teeth being black at the top and entirely so behind, and are united by a broad black band, which is shaped like a half-circle, looked at from behind. Metathorax reti- culated; there is a central ridge which bifurcates near the apex. ‘The petiole is more than two thirds of the length of the posterior coxe. The teeth on the hind femora are short and blunt, as in S. miranda. Apart from the differences in coloration this species is readily known from S. miranda by the blunt tooth at the base of the scutellum and by the wings not being hyaline at the apex, there being a broad hyaline band extending half a line beyond. The arrange- ment of the areas on the metanotum is quite different, S. miranda having a lanceolate field exactly in the centre, with two wider fields on each side, the upper four- and the lower five-angled ; in S. trituberculata there is in the middle only an irregular carina. ———~19. Smicra miranda. (Tab. IV. figg. 13, 2; 13a, metathoracic fields.) Smicra miranda, Cresson, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. iv. p. 49 . Hab. Mexico!; GuateMaLa, San Gerdénimo; Panima and Senahu (Champion); Nica- RaGuA, Chontales (Janson). The amount of black on the mesonotum varies. 20. Smicra lamyrus. Smicra lamyrus, Walker, Entomologist, 1842, p. 337; Cresson, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. iv. p. 58°. Hab. Mexico}. 21. Smicra montezuma. Smicra montezuma, Cresson, Trans. Ent. Soe. iv. p. 511. Hab. Mexico 1. b. Wings hyaline. (Species 22-36.) 22. Smicra azteca. Smicra azteca, Cresson, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soe. iv. p. 51!. Hab. Mexico |. 23. Smicra captiva. Smicra captiva, Smith, Trans. Ent. Soc. (8) i. p. 42 (1862) ; Cresson, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soe. iv. p. 58°. SMICRA. 87 Smicra adaptata, Walker, Trans. Ent. Soc. (3) ii. p. 190 (1864) ; cf Kirby, Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. xvii. p. 667. Hab. Panama 1,—AMAZONIA 2. 24. Smicra conjugens. Smicra conjugens, Walker, Notes on Chale. p. 53°; Cresson, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. iv. p. 51. 423. Hab. Mexico}. 25. Smicra punctata. Chalcis punctata, Fabr. Ent. Syst. ii. p. 196°. Conura punctata, Sichel, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. (4) v. p. 392 . Smicra punctata, Cresson, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. iv. p. 57. Hab. Mexico 2.—West Inpizs !. 26. Smicra pylas. Smicra pylas, Walker, Entomologist, p. 337 (1842) ; List of Chale. i. p. 3°. Hab. Mexico}. This is probably identical with the last. 27. Smicra juxta. Smicra juxta, Cresson, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. iv. p. 54. 49°. Hab. Mexico}. 28. Smicra lenta. Smicra lenta, Cresson, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soe. iv. p. 52. 43°. Hab. Mexico}. 29. Smicra tolteca. Smicra tolteca, Cresson, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. iv. p. 53. 45°. Hab. Mexico }. 30. Smicra geniculata. (Tab. V. fig. 4, thorax.) Flava; maculis thoracis, macula coxarum posticarum, trochanteribus genubusque posticis nigris; antennis nigris, subtus brunneis, femoribus posticis 13—14-dentatis, abdomine supra fusco-maculato ; alis hyalinis. Long. 54 millim. Hab. Mexico, Presidio, near Mazatlan (Forrer). Head smooth, shining, impunctate; front deeply excavated to the ocelli, the part between the antenne keeled; there is a large shallow fovea above the clypeus on 88 HYMENOPTERA. either side below each antenna. Antenne thick, the joints subequal and not pilose, but with the surface rough. The mesonotum is covered uniformly all over with moderately deep and closely set punctures; those on the collar are not so distinct; both are covered with longish black hairs. Pleure smooth and shining, impunctate; there is a narrow, transverse, black line behind the collar, a broader longitudinal one in the centre of the mesonotum, which becomes narrower as it reaches the pronotum; at its apex, and in front of the scutellum, is a broad transverse line *; there is a somewhat triangular or rather pear-shaped mark at the apex of the scutellum, and two marks on the postscutellum, all black. The scutellum is broadly rounded, with a broad margin above and beneath; the sides smooth, shining. The metanotum has broad irregular reticulations; the metapleura with indistinct reticulations. The petiole is a little more than half the length of the posterior coxe, which have the teeth nearly of the same size, except the basal tooth, which is a little longer and sharper, and the apical teeth, which are a very little shorter, blunter, and more closely pressed together. 31. Smicra octomaculata. (Tab. V. fig. 8, thorax.) Flava; antennis, scapo (subtus excepto), maculis sex mesonoti, apice coxarum posticarum, geniculis posticis, tibiarum posticarumque apice nigris, femoribus posticis 15-dentatis. Long. 7-8 millim. Hab. Panama, Bugaba (Champion). The scape reaches to the upper ocelli, compressed beneath; flagellum longer than thorax. Front not very deeply excavated; lower part of head behind black. There are four broad longitudinal marks at the base of the mesonotum, a broad transverse one on the base of the scutellum and extending beyond it, a spot on the apex of it, a spot on the upperside of the coxe at the apex, and the knees and apex of the posterior tibie, black. ‘The teeth are small and blunt. Petiole about one half longer than broad. Abdomen as long as the thorax, acute at the apex; the terebra projecting, black. Thorax covered closely with round, shallow punctures ; the pleurz obsoletely punctured. Scutellum broadly bordered behind. In front of the prothorax is a large black spot. A larger species than S. maculicollis, and sufficiently distinguished from it by the longer abdomen and ovipositor, by the larger size of the marks on the mesonotum, and by the absence of a spot on the base of the metanotum and the posterior coxe. 32. Smicra maculicollis, (Tab. V. fig. 7, thorax.) Flava; flagello antennarum, macula pronoti, lineis maculisque 4 mesonoti, scutelli apice, macula metanoti, macula ad basin coxarum posticarum, trochanteribus posticis abdominisque apice nigris; alis hyalinis, femoribus posticis 14-dentatis. Long. 5 millim. Hab. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui 3000 to 4000 feet (Champion). * T am not sure if this line is continuous, as the pin goes through its centre, and it may be only two disconnected marks, SMICRA. 89 Antenne longish, and become distinctly thickened towards the apex; scape obscure yellow. On the thorax there is a transverse band at the base of the scutellum, and from the middle of this runs a narrow line to the pronotum; at the base of the middle lobe is a longish line, in the lateral one a shorter and more rounded mark, and in the middle of the pronotum, in front, is a small mark somewhat broader than long. The middle of the scutellum at the apex is black, the black mark being much narrowed to a point at the base; at the apex the scutellum is margined, semitruncated in .the middle, looked at from the head. The abdomen is shorter than the head and thorax, bluntly pointed at the apex, brownish above, and with an obscure blackish band in the centre above. The petiole is about one third of the length of the posterior coxe- There are fourteen or fifteen teeth on the posterior femora ; these are obscurely brownish at the sides and above, and the knees are obscure blackish. This species differs from geniculata in having a black mark on the middle lobe of the mesonotum; the flagellum is entirely black except at base beneath, and there is only a single black mark at base of metanotum. 33. Smicra centralis. (Tab. V. fig. 6, thorax.) Flava; antennis (scapo excepto), maculis mesonoti, metanoti medio, maculaque coxarum posticarum nigris; abdominis dorso genubusque posticis fusco maculatis; femoribus posticis 12-dentatis ; alis hyalinis. Long. fere 6 millim. Hab. Mexico, Presidio, near Mazatlan (Forrer). Head smooth, shining, impunctate, but the sides have a blistered look ; front deeply excavated and carinated between the antenne. Over the oral region is a semioval indistinct suture, surrounding the clypeus. The antenne become gradually thickened towards the apex. Mesonotum and collar coarsely punctured and sparsely covered with black hairs. There is a broad mark in the centre of the pronotum in front, a broad transverse line on the mesonotum next to the collar, and which is narrowest towards the centre, a broad longitudinal line in the lateral lobe, but which does not extend to the apex, a broad transverse line in front of the scutellum, which becomes expanded at the sides, and from it runs a broad Jongitudinal line in centre to the line in front of the collar; a wide longitudinal line in the centre of the scutellum, narrow at either end, but especially at the base, and the centre of the metanotum is broadly black. The mesopleura are broadly excavated in the middle from the tegule, where the excavation is narrow and obscurely transversely striated, and runs obliquely to the second pair of coxee, becoming widened as it does so. This excavation is clearly margined, is black in the centre on the lower three fourths, and is also striated in the middle, but not at the sides, which are smooth and unpunctured. There is another deep narrower and more perpendicular suture running from the tegule to the first pair of legs, and this is black in the middle. The scutellum is bordered, rounded at the sides, somewhat more transverse at the middle, where the border is slightly interrupted and depressed ; the upper half BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Hymenopt., February 1884. NN 90 HYMENOPTERA. of the metanotum has a blistered appearance, and is separated from the lower half by a ridge; the reticulations are obscure ; the metapleura are obscurely punctured ; petiole thick, about one third of the length of the posterior coxee. Except that the basal tooth is somewhat longer and sharper, and the apical blunter, shorter, and more closely pressed, the teeth are about the same size. The ovipositor is black; the abdomen and the upper part of the posterior cox are suffused with testaceous. 34. Smicra dorsivittata. (Tab. V. fig. 2, thorax.) Flava; antennis supra, linea mesopleurorum, lineis mesonoti, striga media scutelli, metanoto supra, macula coxarum posticarum, genubus posticis lete, trochanteribus fasciisque abdominis nigris ; alis byalinis. Long. 9 fere 7 millim., ¢ 5 millim. Hab. Volcan de Chiriqui, 3000 to 4000 feet (Champion). Antenne thickish and becoming slightly thicker towards the apex; underneath the colour is brownish ; the apex of the scape only is black on the upperside. There is a broad black band in front of the mesopleura touching the prothorax. Along the entire length of the middle lobe of the mesonotum and touching the pronotum is an irregular black line, which is thinnest in the middle. At the end of this and on the lateral lobe is a broad black mark, which increases in size a little beyond the middle, and decreases again at the apex ; in front of the scutellum is a longish transverse line, which is broader than that at the base of the mesonotum, and the two are united by the central broad band in the middle of the mesonotum ; this central stripe broadens out on both sides a little beyond the middle, narrowing again towards the scutellum. In the centre of the latter is a broad mark, narrow at the base, becoming wider and rounder at the apex. Apex of the scutellum broadly and roundly margined; in the middle the margin is a little depressed. | The abdomen is a little longer than the head and thorax ; the apex sharply pointed. Petiole one third of the length of the hinder cox; the apex is deep black, and on ‘the back are four brown transverse bands. The basal tooth on the hind femora is large, . acute; there are twelve teeth in all. The male has the mark on the scutellum smaller and broader compared to its length ; the black fasciee on the abdomen are bordered with obscure brown, the scape is more distinctly curved on the underside, and, as usual, the petiole is longer. This species differs from S. geniculata in the black mark on the lateral lobe being much larger and joined to that at the base, the other marks on the body being also much larger; the abdomen is longer, narrower, and more distinctly marked with black on the back ; the black on the metanotum is continuous, and the teeth on the femora are larger and fewer in number. 35. Smicra panamensis. (Tab. V. fig. 3, thorax.) Hab. Panama, Bugaba (Champion). SMICRA. 91 In size, coloration, and arrangement of the markings, this species agrees with 8. dorsi- vittata, except that all the black marks are longer and broader, and in addition to those present on S. dorsivittata there is a small black mark immediately behind the tegule, one on either side behind the scutellum, and there is a black line on the depressed space on the mesopleura; the head is longer and thicker, the posterior coxe: broader and shorter compared to the femora, being, with the trochanters, shorter than they ; while with S. dorsivittata they are longer than the femora; the antenne are, if any thing, shorter and thicker, and the third joint is longer compared to the fourth; the abdomen is also a little shorter. The male I have not seen. 36. Smicra nigrifrons. (Tab. 5. fig. 9, thorax.) Flava; abdomine rufo-brunneo, flavo variegato, lineis et maculis mesothoracis et macula coxarum posticarum nigris, flagello antennarum brunneo, supra nigro; femoribus posticis 20-dentatis ; alis hyalinis. 9°. Long. 6 millim. . Hab. Panama, Bugaba (Champion). Head and thorax densely covered with long black hair; hair on the abdomen shorter and thinner. Antenne thick, the flagellum of nearly uniform thickness, closely covered with a pale pubescence; third joint nearly one half longer than the fourth; last three joints closely united; scape slightly bent at the base, scarcely keeled on the lower side. Head broad, the excavation above the antenne shallow; behind the head is black; a narrow black line runs from the anterior ocellus to this black portion, and there isa triangular black mark above the antenne. There isa small black mark in front of pronotum. The space between the prothorax and mesothorax laterally and between the latter and metathorax black; the shallow space on the mesopleura for the greater part black. The edge of the mesonotum in front, the borders of the middle lobe to the scutellum, the base of the scutellum, and a longitudinal line running from the last to the line at base of the mesonotum black; these lines are narrow and of nearly equal width. There is a small black mark on the lateral lobe of the mesonotum, a longitudinal narrow line on the scutellum ; the sides of the latter and an oblong mark on the posterior coxe black. Scutellum margined behind, and narrowed to a blunt point at the apex. Reticu- lations on the metanotum indistinct ; above it has a blistered appearance. Petiole thick, one half longer than broad, shorter than the metathorax. Posterior coxe with the trochanters as long as the femora. Femoral teeth very minute and closely set, forming a serrated edge. Abdomen a little longer than the head and thorax together, the apex acuminate, with the ovipositor projecting, black. Nervures on the wing fuscous. The three narrow continuous lines on the mesonotum and the rufous abdomen variegated with yellow separate this distinct species from the other yellow forms. The arrange- ment of the black lines and spots on the thorax is nearly the same in S. maria, Riley ; but that has the base of the metathorax black, and the abdomen of the same colour as the thorax, and with six black bands on the back. NN 2 92 HYMENOPTERA. c. Wings hyaline, with a moderately large fascia stretching across from the cubitus. (Species. 37.) 37. Smicra maculipennis. Testacea; antennarum apice, mesonoto, abdominis dorso, petiole pedibusque posticis nigro-maculatis ;. alis hyalinis fascia fusca. Long. 4 millim. Hab. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui 3000 to 4000 feet (Champion). The body is covered with a long white pubescence; the head is finely punctured ; pronotum, mesonotum, and metapleura coarsely punctured ; abdomen smooth, shining. The head is only slightly hollowed in front; between the antenne it projects broadly and bluntly. On the mesopleura is an oblique broad hollow, which is transversely striated ; the pronotum is of nearly equal breadth throughout above; the sides are impunctate, as is also the mesopleura in front of the hollow space. The scutellum is margined, but not very strongly, behind, where it is somewhat sharply rounded ; the metanotum slopes gradually to the petiole; it is blistered above. There is a central keel which bifurcates in the middle; the other keels are rather indistinct. The petiole is a little more than one third of the length of the posterior cox; it is striated and ridged at the sides. At the apex of the posterior coxe is, in the centre, a large tooth, and nearer the apex and on the inner side of it is a smaller tooth. The coxe are longer than the femora; the teeth on the latter are numerous and minute. The antenne are thickened towards the apex; the scape is hollow at the side, the two apical joints are black. The greater part of the middle lobe of the mesonotum, parapsides, the apex of the scutellum in the middle, metapleura, and metasternum in part, the apex of posterior coxe (where they are transversely striated), the posterior femora on lower side, and the middle of the abdomen, black. The four anterior legs are pale testaceous. 3. Body yellowish or testaceous, without any black markings. (Species 38-40.) The three species known from Central America of this type of coloration may be recognized by the following Table :— Petiole long, narrow, half the length of posterior coxe ; a small fascia at cubitus. . ... - (38) fulvo-variegata. Petiole short, thick, not half ‘the length of cox ; no ‘fascia at ‘cubitus : Abdomen acuminate at tip; sheath of ovipositor projecting ; pos- terior femora with 19 teeth . . . . . » 2 « . (39) fulvo-maculata.— Abdomen obtuse at tip; sheath of ovipositor hidden ; posterior femora with 12 teeth . . . 2. 2. «1 ee ee « © (40) obtusiventris. 38. Smicra fulvo-variegata. Flava, fulvo-variegata ¢, flavo-variegata @; abdomine fulvo, flavo-maculato, flagello antennarum fusco, femoribus posticis 17-19 dentatis ; alis hyalinis, macula substigmaticali fusca, nervis fuscis. Long. fere 5 millim. SMICRA. 93 Hab. Muxtco, Presidio (Forrer). In one specimen the head and thorax are fulvous, variegated with yellow, in the other they are yellow variegated with fulvous; in both the abdomen is fulvous, marked on the back at the junction of the segments with yellow bands. Scape narrow, curved, cylindrical ; joints of the flagellum closely united, covered with a close pile. Head not excavated in front beyond a furrow which runs down from the ocelli, projecting broadly between the antenne, the projection being triangular. Furrow behind the hind ocellus deep, wide. Thorax obscurely punctured, almost impunctate, pleural depression obscurely striated. Scutellum bordered behind, ending in a blunt point. Metanotum with faint reticulations at the apex, projecting at the side into a large tooth. Petiole about one half the length of the coxe. Abdomen of the length of the thorax, the apex bluntly acuminate; ovipositor shortly projecting. Posterior femora not much longer than coxe. The male has the petiole, if any thing, shorter and thicker than in the female, the ab- domen is longer and thinner, and the scape is thicker at the apex and carinated beneath. The absence of black on the thorax and petiole, smaller fuscous mark on the wings (it not reaching to the middle of the wing), longer petiole, and almost impunctate thorax easily enable this little species to be separated from S. maculipennis. ‘ 39. Smicra fulvo-maculata. Citrina, fulvo-maculata; antennarum flagello nigro, subtus brunneo ; alis hyalinis, nervis sordide flavis; femoribus posticis 19-dentatis. Long. 6 millim., Hab. Panama, Bugaba (Champion). Antenne thick, becoming somewhat thicker towards the apex, the joints distinctly separated at the apex ; scape nearly straight, not carinated beneath. Furrow between the two posterior ocelli deep, broad, and there is a curved groove on their outer side. Head and thorax covered with a pale, glistening pubescence. Mesonotum obscurely punc- tured, transversely striated in front of the scutellum, which is a little rounded at the base; its apex produced into a point, margined. Metanotum with a central keel, which bifurcates in the middle, forming a narrow longish cellule; from the point where it bifurcates a keel runs to the side. Above this keel the metanotum is smooth, below it reticulated ; sides of the metanotum straight, margined. Petiole thick, not one half longer than broad. The abdomen: is obscure fulvous; but I am not quite sure if this is not owing to discoloration; the base is yellow; sheath of ovipositor black, projecting. Posterior knees and femora mostly fulvous. 40. Smicra obtusiventris. Flava; antennis supra nigris, subtus sordide rufis, scapo flavo, tarsis posticis apice nigro; femoribus posticis 12-13-dentatis, parvis, nigris; alis hyalinis. Long. 5 millim. 94 HYMENOPTERA. Hab. Mexico, Presidio, near Mazatlan (Forrer). The face is smooth, shining, impunctate; over the mouth is a short transverse groove, and there is a small indistinct fovea on either side of it; above the antenne the front is deeply excavated. Thorax covered with black hairs; mesonotum and scutellum coarsely but not very strongly punctured ; pleuree smooth, shining, impunctate, and with a large oblique excavation in the middle; the scutellum is bordered behind, but there are no teeth. The metathorax has a central keel to the middle, having a large area on either side, and ending in a smaller area, which is broader than long. There are no lateral teeth. Petiole is short, not being much longer than one third of the length of the coxe. The rest of the abdomen forms a longish oval, and is shorter than the posterior coxe. The teeth on the femora are blunt and not very closely set ; the basal three, however, are closely pressed together. Alar nervures fuscous. The thorax is darker than the abdomen in colour, being honey-yellow. In the female the abdomen is nearly oval, more obtuse at the apex than at the base. The ovipositor proper projects a little, but not its sheath. S. delicatula, Cresson, from Texas, comes near to, if it be not actually identical with, the present species; but the Texan species is described as having the thorax “ imper- ceptibly punctured, almost smooth,’ and the femoral teeth “numerous, very minute,” terms which scarcely fit. 4. Body black, marked with yellow. (Species 41-52.) 41. Smicra pompiloides. Smicra pompiloides, Walker, Notes on Chalc. p. 58; Cresson, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. iv. p. 55’. Hab. Mexico }. ——~42. Smicra lecta. Smicra lecta, Cresson, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. iv. p. 44°. Hab. Mexico}. ——— 43. Smicra abdominalis. Smicra abdominalis, Walker, Journ. Ent. i. p. 177; Cresson, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. iv. p. 57; cf. Kirby, Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. xvii. p. 65°. Smicra ambigua, Cresson, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. iv. p. 44, Hab. Mexico }. ——— 44. Smicra mendica. Smicra mendica, Cresson, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soe. iv. p. 41°. Hab. Mexico }. v SMICRA. 95 ~~ 45. Smicra tenebrosa. Smicra tenebrosa, Walker, Journ. of Ent. i. p. 181°. Hab. Mextco }. 46. Smicra dorsimaculata. Nigra; orbitis oculorum, pronoto laterali, maculis mesonoti scutelloque rufo-flavis ; abdomine flavo-maculato ; tarsis flavis, tibiis femoribusque posterioribus rufo-flavo maculatis. Long. 32 millim. Hab. Guatemata, Volcan de Atitan 1500 to 3500 feet (Champion). Mandibles yellow; the reddish yellow line round the eyes is narrow, and is inter: rupted at the top and bottom; the head in front is rough, the front is but little exca- vated. Thorax coarsely punctured, and covered with a sparse white pubescence ; pronotum lined with reddish yellow all round; behind and close to the antenne the band becomes broader. On the mesonotum and touching this band are two small marks, which are longer than broad ; a broad line runs from it to the tegule, and a broad band stretches from one side to the other. The scutellum is yellow, with a narrow black longitudinal line running down the centre, and with two large irregular reddish brown marks at either end, which stretch nearly right across; the apical one extends to the apex of the scutellum, which is somewhat acutely pointed. The metanotum is irregularly punctured. The petiole thick, and about three fourths of the length of the posterior coxe. At the base of the abdomen are two short yellow marks; behind these two longer and broader ones, and close to the apex are two roundish ones. The trochanters are testaceous; the four anterior tibie are reddish yellow, black behind; the posterior black with a reddish yellow mark close to the base, and a larger one at the apex on the outer side and at the sides. The posterior femora are black, the apical third on the outside yellow, variegated with brown; the apex is yellowish brown on the inner side also. The teeth are small, and occupy the whole of the underside. 47. Smicra toluca. Smicra toluca, Cresson, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. iv. p. 42°. Hab. Mexico }. 48. Smicra petioliventris. Nigra; ore, orbitis oculorum, abdominisque basi flavis; thorace, abdomine pedibusque flavo et brunneo maculatis. Long. 4 millim. Hab. Guatema.a, Volcan de Atitlan 2500 to 3500 feet (Champion). The yellow band round the eyes is narrow, and is interrupted in the middle; on the underside the scape is yellowish at the base. The sides of the pronotum are broadly 96 HYMENOPTERA. yellow, and with a black mark in the centre of the yellow portion. The sides of the middle lobe of the mesonotum are bordered with yellow, somewhat.interrupted towards the middle ; the sides of the scutellum are broadly bordered with yellow, and towards the apical third the yellow projects in a triangle to the middle on both sides; the apex is depressed and rounded, not projecting much over the metanotum, which is yellow at the sides close to the petiole; the petiole is narrow and about three fourths of the ‘length of the abdomen, which is not longer than the posterior coxe. The sides and ventral surface of the abdomen are reddish yellow. On the top at the base is a large triangular mark, of which the sharp end is in front; behind this is a large broad transverse mark, interrupted at the top; behind this, again, are three shorter yellow marks, which do not reach the top, and close to the apex and more to the top is a more rounded mark. All these have the yellow surrounded with brown, which passes imperceptibly into the yellow. The four anterior legs are yellow, the femora having a testaceous tinge. Internally the apical two thirds of the posterior femora are yellow, bordered with brown; on the outside the apical two thirds are yellow, except at the top, and the apex is more or less brownish; on the top above and in front of this yellow portion is a yellow mark, which is longer than broad. The posterior tibie are yellow, variegated with testaceous and posteriorly with black. 49. Smicra divisa. Smicra divisa, Walker, Journ. of Ent. i. p. 178’. Hab. Mexico 1. 50. Smicra lauta. Smicra lauta, Cresson, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. iv. p. 45°. Hab. Mexico}. 51. Smicra nigriventris. (Tab. XIV. fige. 14; 144, posterior leg.) Nigra; facie, orbitis oculorum, macula magna pronoti, tegulis, maculis 2 mesonoti, scutello, femoribus fere totis, tarsis tibiisque 4 anterioribus et posticarum basi flavis. Long. 43 millim. Hab. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui 2000 to 3000 feet (Champion). The body is covered with a longish pale pubescence. Antenne thick, the joints closely pressed together; the apex sharply conical and brownish on the underside. Scape yellow on the underside; the face below the antenne, the lower orbits of the eyes within and without are yellow, but the part opposite the ocelli is black ; the front between the ocelli and the base of the antenne black. The mesonotum is punctured ; the mark on the pronotum reaches to near the middle above, is large and somewhat triangular, but longer than broad. The longitudinal marks on the mesonotum reach a little beyond the middle, and converge at the apex. The scutellum is almost entirely SMICRA.—PHASGANOPHORA. 97 black ; there is a narrow black line running down the centre and dividing the yellow in two; the apex is sharply rounded and entire. Metanotum distinctly reticulated. Petiole thick, and scarcely one half of the length of the posterior cox. ‘The four anterior cox and femora are for the greater part yellow on lower side, and the latter are lined with black behind. The posterior femora are yellow on the outside, except at the apices and a large bell-shaped mark in the middle which are black ; on the inner side they are black, with a yellow mark at the apex; the teeth are seventeen in number, are closely pressed and indistinct at the base, and become larger towards the apex ; the extreme base of the hind tibiz is black; the yellow mark on it does not extend to the inner side. PHASGANOPHORA. Phasganophora, Westwood in Griffith's Animal Kingdom, Insects, u1. p. 482, t. 77. f. 2 (1882) ; Walker, Entomologist, i. p. 188 (1840); Sichel, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. p. 357 (1866). Trigonura, Sichel, loc. cit. p. 358. The typical representatives of this genus or subgenus have the antenne inserted in the middle of the face, and the abdomen sessile as in Chalcis, and merely differ from that well-known genus in the apical abdominal segments being prolonged into a “ tail,” which forms a sheath for the ovipositor. This is the division of “ Phasganophore chalcidiformes” of Sichel, and to it the subgenus Trigonura belongs, it differing merely from typical Phasganophora in the tail being “depressa, subtriangularis.” This section might also be referred to the genus Conura, Spinola, which, as defined by Sichel, contains species with a sessile abdomen=Conure chalcidiformes, and with it petiolated —Conure smicriformes ; the sole difference of any value between Conwra and Phasga- nophora consisting in the tail, “‘ formée chez les Conura par le cinquiéme segment et Yepipygium, allongés et rétrécis d'un cété a l'autre, sans aucune participation de l’hypo- pygium,” while with Phasganophora the hypopygium alone forms the “tail.” I find, nowever, so many transitions in this respect, that the value of this character does not appear to me to be of much importance; and it is, moreover, a purely sexual one. To Phasganophora Sichel adds another subgenus, Allocera, remarkable for having the antenne inserted immediately over the mouth=Phasganophore haiticelleformes. It would thus appear that species having the apical segments of the abdomen elongated exist which have the characters of Chalcis, Halticella, and Smicra; and in separating them we must either give paramount importance to the form of the tail, or to such points as the manner in which the antenne and abdomen are inserted. It seems to me that as the latter characters are common to both sexes, they are of the most importance for taxonomic purposes, especially as the structure of the tail is not constant. Walker («Notes on Chalcidide,’ p. 39) combines Phasganophora, Allocera, and Trigonura with Halticella. André (Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1881, p. 337) would unite the Phasganophore chalcidiformes and the Conure chalcidiformes with Chalcis, the Phasganophore smicri« BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Hymenopt., July 1884. 00 Pde. 3 98 HYMENOPTERA. formes and the Conure smicriformes to Smicra, and Allocera to Halticella ; and with this opinion I am inclined to agree. As, however, it is possible that an accession of fresh material (and especially of males) may show that the elongation of the abdomen into a tail may be after all of some generic value, I have retained in the meantime Phasganophora, with Conura as a synonym. 1, Phasganophora condalus. Phasganophora condalus, Walker, Entomologist, i. p. 185 (1840) ’. Phasganophora thoracica, Sichel, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. (4) v. p. 361, t. 9. f.5*. Hab. Mexico, Orizaba?; Guatemana, Las Mercedes 3000 feet (Champion).— Braziu 4, The quantity of black on the thorax and abdomen varies a good deal. 2. Phasganophora rufitarsis. (Tab. V. fig. 10,2; 10a, apex of abdomen; 10, posterior leg ; 10c¢, labium; 10d, maxilla.) Nigra; flagello antennarum, tarsis abdomineque rufis; alis flavescenti-hyalinis, basi fumata, femoribus posticis 8-dentatis. Long. 9 millim. Hab. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui 3000 to 4000 feet (Champion). Face covered with a silvery white sparse pubescence. Thorax with a close fuscous pile ; apex of the abdomen with long reddish hairs. Head and thorax coarsely punctured ; the hollow oblique space on the mesopleura transversely and coarsely striated. Between the antenne the front projects, and there is a hollow space between their base and the lower ocellus, this space having a raised border which goes round the ocellus. Mandibles piceous. In front the pronotum is striated. The apex of the scutellum projects in the middle; this projection is emarginated in the middle, and is hollow in the centre above. Metanotum reticulated ; its central field is lanceolate in shape. A little below the wings and behind them is a blunt tooth. The apex of abdomen (cauda) is about two thirds of the length of the abdomen and is curved. The teeth on the posterior femora are large ; the latter are about the length of the coxe and trochanters. At the base the abdomen is blackish, and there is in the centre above a triangular depression. This species comes apparently nearest to P. conigastra, Perty, from South America ; but that species has the abdomen black. From the Mexican P. rujfiventris the red antenne readily separate it. 3. Phasganophora rufiventris. Phasganophora rufiventris, Sichel, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. (4) v. p. 360, t. 9. f. 4’. Hab. Mexico, Orizaba?. PHASGANOPHORA.—HALTICELLA. 99 4, Phasganophora crassicauda. Phasganophora (Trigonura) crassicauda, Sichel, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. (4) v. p. 377, t. 10. f. 1°. flab. Mexico, Orizaba }. CHALCIS. Chalcis, Fabricius, Mant. Ins. i. p. 272; Spinola, Ann, Mus. xvii. p. 147; Walker, Ent. Mag. i. p. 27. Not very many species of this genus are known ; they are found generally distributed over the New and Old Worlds. ‘They are very similar in coloration, being black, with the legs marked with yellow or white. 1. Chalcis pubescens. Chalcis pubescens, Walker, Notes on Chale. iii. p. 47°. * Hab. Mexico}. ———92. Chalcis comitator. Chalcis comitator, Walker, Trans. Ent. Soc. 3rd ser. i. p. 350°. Hab. Mexico 1. 3. Chalcis compacta. Chalcis compacta, Walker, Journ. Ent. i. p. 183°. Hab. Mexico 1, Orizaba. 4, Chalcis ovata. (Tab. IV. fig. 16, 2; 16 a-c, trophi; 16d, posterior leg.) Chalcis ovata, Say, Long’s Second Exped. ii. p. 326 (1824) ; Cresson, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. iv. p- 59°. Chalcis annulipes, Walker, Ent. Mag. ui. p. 29 (1835). Chalcis incerta, Cresson, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil. iv. p. 101. Brachymeria panamensis, Holmgren, Eugen. Resa, Ins. p. 4377. Hab. Unttep States }.—West-Inpian Istanps.—MeExico!; GuatemaLa; Panama 2. This is perhaps C. flavipes, Fabr. (non Panz.); but the description is not very good. HALTICELLA. Halticella, Spin. Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. vii. p. 148. A genus of wide distribution, principally distinguished from Chalcis by the antenne being inserted immediately over the mouth. 00 2 100 HYMENOPTERA. ~— 1, Halticella ornaticornis. Nigra; basi antennarum, scapo, flagelli articulis 2-3, tegulis, trochanteribus, femoribus anterioribus subtus, tibiis anterioribus proparte tarsisque rufis; alis hyalinis, macula subcostali fusca. Long. 5 millim. Hab. Panama, Bugaba (Champion). Head and thorax strongly punctured, covered with a stiff silvery pubescence. Abdomen smooth and shining, the apical segments thickly covered with a longish silvery-white hair. Head not very deeply excavated in front. Antenne a little longer than the head and thorax together, moderately stout, thickest at the apex. Scutellum bordered behind, the border incised in the middle. Metathorax strongly reticulated. Petiole very short, so that the abdomen is semi-sessile. The four anterior tibie are black (more or less) in the middle ; the thick posterior femora have no teeth beneath ; the spurs on the hind tibie are short and thick. Wing-nervures testaceous, except at the black fascia in front of the cubitus, which is also black. The ovipositor projects a little. ACANTHOCHALCIS. Antenne 11-jointed, the flagellum of nearly equal thickness throughout; the first two joints small, the rest much longer than broad, the last conical at the apex, slightly longer than the penultimate (I am not quite sure but that the last joint in reality represents two closely united), inserted not far from the mouth. Antennal groove deep, reaching close to the ocelli, and only wide enough to receive the two antenne ; its sides with a large broad projecting border. | Pronotum large, subquadrate, pro- jecting in the middle so as to fit into the head, which is concave behind; sides of the prothorax excavated. Metathorax produced at the sides into a large, flat, triangular mass. Abdomen sessile, its apex produced into a sharp spine; at the sides, where it clasps the ovipositor, it is toothed. Ovipositor as long as the abdomen. Cubitus half the length of the ulna; otherwise the nervures in both wings are as in Leucospis. Posterior femora thickened, toothed on the underside; claws simple; tibie with one spur at the apex. In the form of the antenne, head, thorax (except in the peculiar shape of the meta- thorax), legs, and wings this genus does not differ from Leucospis, which it also resembles in its large size; but the form of the abdomen and ovipositor is very different, the. wings, also, not being folded wasp-like, as in Leucospis. The form of the last abdo- minal segment is different from anything known in other Chalcidina with elongated ovipositors, for it is not developed into a long sheath clasping the ovipositor in all its extent.. The apical segment is not unlike what we have in Sirex; it bears a stigma. ACANTHOCHALCIS.—EUCHARINA. 101 <— 1. Acanthochalcis nigricans. (Tab. VI. fig. 14,2; 144, apex of abdomen.) Nigra; geniculis, abdominis apice terebraque rufis ; alis hyalinis, apice fumatis. Long. 11 millim., terebra 4 millim. Hab. Mxxico, Northern Sonora (Morrison). Head and thorax coarsely and rugosely punctured, finer at the base of the meso- notum and sides of the collar. Mesopleura with a large deep oblique excavation (which is finely striated and reaches to the bottom) between the second and third pairs of legs; close to the prothorax there is a semi-perpendicular excavation, also striated. Scutellum large, rounded above; a little down from the apex is a projecting neck, above which is a single row of reticulations, and there is another row extending right across the thorax beneath it. Metanotum contracted in the middle; the sides project into a large triangle, flat above, the apex of it projecting over the rest. Abdomen closely punctured, except at the junction of the segments, where there is a shining impunctate band. The ovipositor is broad, compressed laterally, and with a groove in the side, which, however, does not extend to the apex ; there are three large teeth on the lower side of the apical segment. Coxee (especially the large hind pair) punctured, as are also the posterior femora. The tarsi are covered closely with bristle- like hair, especially thick on the underside; tibiz with longer, thinner, more depressed hair. The head is covered with white glistening hair; there is a tuft of white silvery hair on either side in front of the scutellum, a tuft at the base of the hind coxe, a smaller one at the apex, and a large tuft on each side of the third and fourth segments, The edge of the pronotum behind, a spot below the tegule, one on the mesopleura, and more or less of the scutellum are ferrugineous. EUCHARINA. This group contains some of the most remarkable forms of Chalcidide. Considerable variation is shown in the structure of the antenne ; in many males the joints bear long rami, either one or two to a joint. The most striking peculiarity, however, is exhibited by the scutellum, which in most of the genera is provided at the apex with two processes which, from being mere short teeth in some, become developed in others into long processes which project beyond the apex of the abdomen, and may be so broad as to cover it completely. Genera are found in all parts of the world; these at present stand in need of revision. There are not, I think, more than six South-American genera, and only four have yet been found within our limit. These may be distinguished as follows :— 1 (2). Scutellum simple at apex. Antenne 13-jointed, simple in both sexes. Orasema, 2 (8). Scutellum ending in two short blunt teeth, which are not much longer than broad. Sides of metathorax with a leaf-like expansion at apex. Antenne serrate in female, simple in male . . . - : « + « « Lophyrocera, 102 HYMENOPTERA. 3 (2). Scutellum ending in processes which are as long as the abdomen. An- tennz in male flabellate. 4 (5). The third joint of antennz as long as all the succeeding joints together. Lirata. 5 (4). The third joint not much longer than fourth. . . . . . . . « Kapala, LIRATA. Antenne 10-jointed, simple, pilose ; the third joint nearly as long as all the succeeding together ; all the joints thicker at the apex than at the base. Scutellum hollowed in the centre above, and having at the apex two thickish curved spines, which reach nearly to the apex of the abdomen, and not projecting beyond the wings when these are folded along the sides. Metathorax simple, without tubercles. Petiole nearly as long as the abdomen, stout, cylindrical. The very long third joint of the antenne enables this genus to be known from Thoracantha and Kapala. 1. Lirata luteogaster. (Schizaspidia luteogaster, Tab. V. fig. 16; 16a, antenna.) Nigra; pedibus scapoque antennarum flavis; abdominis apice lete luteo; alis hyalinis. — Long. 6 millim. Hab. Panama, Island of Taboga (Champion). The antenne are nearly as long as the abdomen, become slightly thickened towards the apex, and are covered with closely pressed hairs. The apical joints are shorter and more distinctly separated than the basal; the last joint is double the length of the preceding. Head covered with waved reticulations; the vertex in the middle is depressed, opaque, and obscurely reticulated. Thorax covered with more or less waved reticulations all over, and sparsely with longish black hairs; at the base, in the centre, the mesonotum is depressed, the depression being smooth and shining, much longer than broad, and narrowest at the apex. Scutellum broadly depressed in the centre, finely aciculated. ‘The processes of the scutellum converge slightly at the apex; they are thick, closely and coarsely transversely striated, and are longer than the head and thorax together, being as long as the antenne. Petiole thick, transversely striated, and somewhat longer than the rest of the abdomen, which is strongly compressed, a little longer than broad, and, if anything, longer than the abdomen. Coxe black, obscurely striated. KAPALA. Chirocerus, Brullé, Hist. Nat. des Ins., Hym. iv. p. 571 (non Latr.). In this genus the antenne are 11-jointed; the joints short, the third and fourth subequal, scarcely longer than the others; the joints of the flagellum in the male bear KAPALA.—LOPHYROCERA. -103 long rami. The scutellum ends in two long curved processes, which reach to the apex of the abdomen. Petiole nearly as long asthe abdomen. Metathorax without tubercles, and reticulated. C —— 1. Kapala furcata. (Tab. V. figg. 17 & 17d,?; 17a, antenna 9; 170, head; 17 ¢, antenna 3.) Eucharis furcata, Faby. Syst. Piez. p. 158, 2. Eucharis flabellata, Fabr. J. c., 9; Walker, Entomologist, t. P. fig. 2. Chirocerus furcatus, Brullé, Nat. Hist. des Ins., Hym. iv. p. 571, t. 38. fig. 5. Hab. Costa Rica, Cache (Rogers); Guatemata, Cerro Zunil 4000 to 5000 feet, Coatepeque 1500 feet, San Isidro 1600 feet (Champion); Panama, Volean de Chiriqui 2000 to 3000 feet (Champion).—Soutn AMERICA. Apparently a common species. Walker (List of Chalcidide, p. 22) records it from Sierra Leone, Africa; but this is no doubt an error. — LOPHYROCERA. In this genus the antenne in the female are serrated ; the joints are broader than long and of nearly equal size; the third joint is not much longer than the following, and is not so much produced above; the scape is not longer than the third and fourth together. In all, there are apparently ten joints; but possibly there may be more, as the last joint in the only specimen I have does not look like a terminal joint. The scutellum is large, broad at the base, narrowing towards the apex, which ends in two blunt teeth, and which are double as long as broad. The petiole is more than double as long as broad, and is shorter than the short abdomen. The metathorax immediately below the projecting scutellum projects into a blunt tooth-like process, which curves down to the sternum, forming a rib-like border on either side. In the male the antenne are simple, the joints longer than broad, the third joint one half longer than the fourth, The antenne in this genus are serrated, as in: Schizaspidia, but they are not quite identical otherwise; and in the males of the last -genus they are flabellate. Schizas- pidia had better be reserved for the Old-World species. 1. Lophyrocera stramineipes. (Tab. V. fig. 18,9; 18a, antenna.) Nigro-viridis ; scapo antennarum pedibusque pallide testaceis; petiole abdomineque subtus et apice brunneo- testaceis ; alis hyalinis, nervis albis. Long. 4 millim. Hab. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui 2500 to 4000 feet (Champion). The head is distinctly metallic bluish green, and bears below the antenne a few waved transverse striations; the vertex is also striated, but the striations there run towards the mouth and are indistinct. Thorax covered with large deep punctures; the 104 HYMENOPTERA. breast is finely punctured. Abdomen smooth, shining; twice as broad, or rather high, as long; the ventral surface and the sides are obscure brownish testaceous. 2. Lophyrocera nigromaculata. (Tab. V. fig. 19, ¢; 19a, metathorax; 196, scutellum.) Brunneo-testacea ; capite maculisque thoracis nigris ; petiole et pedibus flavo-testaceis ; alis hyalinis. Long. 54 millim. Hab. Nicaragua, Chontales (Janson). The vertex is longitudinally and the face transversely striated. From each antenna a broad and deep groove runs to the clypeus; the head has a distinct border behind. Antenne long and of nearly uniform thickness; scape very short, being scarcely double the length of the ring ; third joint double the length of the fourth. Thorax, and the sternum and mesopleure to near the top, covered with large and deep punctures. Two longish, large, disk-shaped marks over the posterior legs, a mark in front of the mesonotum, two large marks behind this uniting in the centre, a roundish small mark outside of them, and touching them at their apex a somewhat triangular mark (which is prolonged as a broad line to the end of the scutellum, where it becomes broad), all black ; the lower side of the metanotum is also black. The scutellum ends at the apex in two blunt teeth, which are twice as long as broad. The metapleure bear five or six large longitudinal striations, and at the side project into large blunt processes. Petiole long and slender, longer than the hind femora. On the back the abdomen is obscure black, and the rest of it is browner and darker in tint than the thorax. ORASEMA. Antenne 13-jointed, longish ; third and fourth joints subequal. Scutellum simple, a - transverse groove at the apex. Metathorax without tubercles. Petiole thickish, cylindrical, three times longer than broad. ‘The ovipositor (which is not exserted) is quite remarkable for its size and breadth, the spicule being as broad as in Cephus and many other sawflies. The borer is toothed or indented at the apex (fig. 18¢), and the support becomes dilated towards. the apical part, the apex itself, however, being sharply pointed, much sharper than the borer (fig. 18¢). The maxillary and labial palpi are both three-jointed, the middle joint being in both cases the shortest (figs. 18, 18 a). In its simple scutellum this genus agrees with Psilogaster and with some of the species of Stzlbula (if S. volusus, Walker, is to be regarded as a Stilbula, for the typical species has the scutellum bifid); but from S. volusus it differs in its simple’ antenne in the male. The ovipositor is stronger built and broader than in any other genus of Chalcidide known to me. The only species known was found by Mr. Champion | on fallen timber near the holes of xylophagous beetles. ORASEMA.—DIOMORUS. 105 1. Orasema stramineipes. (Tab. V. figg. 20, 20a, 2; 2006, scutellum; 20c, antenna: Tab. VI. figg. 18, 18a, 4, trophi; 18 ¢, d, e, ovipositor.) Nigra ; scapo antennarum pedibusque flavis; alis hyalinis, nervis pallidis. Long. fere 5 millim. Hab. Panana, Bugaba 800 to 1500 feet (Champion). Antenne slender, nearly as long as the thorax, densely covered with depressed hair ; third joint a little longer than fourth. Head closely punctured all over. Antennal groove moderately broad, dilated suddenly at the bottom. A narrow furrow, slightly curved in the middle, runs down from each of the antenne, then curves round the clypeus to the base of the mandibles, which are testaceous. Clypeus somewhat triangular, transverse at the apex. The furrow is deepest round the clypeus. Thorax more strongly punctured than the head, the lower and posterior portion of the pleure striated. A narrow transverse furrow runs across from the tegule, and ‘from this two much broader sutures proceed to the pronotum, thus dividing the mesonotum into two somewhat triangular lateral areas and a larger area in front. From the centre of the transverse furrow a short broad longitudinal one runs to the scutellum. Metanotum coarsely rugose, almost reticulated in the centre; there is a central area bordered by keels which converge sharply at the top. Petiole rugose-punctured, thick, shorter than ventral surface of the abdomen. Coxe blackish or greenish, closely punctured. Abdomen not laterally compressed, triangular as seen laterally, dilated at at the apex. Subfam. TORY MINA. This group contains some of the most elegant forms among the Chalcidide. All or nearly all have the ovipositor long, and are parasites on Gall-flies, Aculeate Hymeno- ptera, or Lepidoptera, The group is very numerous in species, especially in temperate climates; but little is known about the tropical species. DIOMORUS. Diomorus, Walker, Ent. Mag. ii. p, 159 (1834); Mayr, Verh. z.-b. Ges. Wien, xxiv. p. 73. This is a genus of small extent, only two European species being known. They are parasites on the Aculeate Hymenoptera living in bramble-stems. 1. Diomorus rufipes. Viridis, cupreo variegatus ; scapo pedibusque rufis ; antennarum flagello nigro, subtus testaceo ; alis hyalinis. Long. 3 millim. Hab. Guatemana, Cerro Zunil 4000 to 5000 feet (Champion). The mesonotum, metanotum, and head are for the most part of a golden coppery tint; the apex of the abdomen is also coppery. The scape is narrow compared to the BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Hymenopt., July 1884. PP 106 HYMENOPTERA. flagellum, and curved. The flagellum is not much longer than the head in front, thick, becoming gradually thicker towards the apex, which is acute and compressed at the side; the fourth, fifth, and sixth joints are subequal, and a little longer than the succeeding. ‘The face between and below the antenne is distinctly keeled. Head, pronotum, and mesonotum covered with large and deep punctures, which are distinctly separated ; the basal two thirds of the scutellum is covered with similar punctures, but more widely separated; the apical third is very finely and minutely punctured. Metanotum finely punctured. Pleurze smooth, shining, the edges with scattered punc- tures. The coxe are closely punctured, much stronger than the apex of scutellum. Abdomen smooth, shining, impunctate. The posterior femora are thickened, about one third longer than broad; the middle beneath has a large oval indentation, the edges of which are very slightly acute, giving the appearance of being toothed. The | tibie are thick, especially towards the apex, and curved. The long spur of the thick calcaria is nearly as long as the metatarsus, which is not much longer than the second joint. The tibie are fuscous on the outer side. 2. Diomorus mayri. (Tab. IV. figg. 17,2; 17 a, 4, trophi.) Viridis ; scapo antennarum, tegulis, geniculis tibiisque testaceis ; tarsis albidis, antennis nigris, terebra quam corpus longiore; alis hyalinis; thorace dense punctata; ¢ tibiis posticis fuscis, basi et apice testaceis. Long. 4-5 millim., terebra 5-6 millim. Hab. GuateMaLa, San Gerénimo (Champion). The face is coppery-tinted, and covered with a scattered longish white silvery hair. The scape reaches to the ocelli, which are placed in a curved line. The annellus is longer than broad, the apex scarcely transverse; the third joint is a little longer and thinner than the fourth, the others very slightly shorter, the last conical. Head coarsely punctured, except the front in the middle below the ocelli, which is very finely punctured and coppery-tinted. Thorax covered with large, deep, distinctly separated punctures. Apical third of the scutellum very finely punctured, the basal part punc- tured like the mesonotum, the two kinds of punctuation being separated by a transverse line. The middle of the pleure is smooth, shining, and impunctate; the rest and the breast finely punctured. The metanotum is smooth, shining, impunctate. The abdomen is compressed, oblong, shining, impunctate, the last segments coppery. | The coxee and femora are minutely punctured ; posterior femora moderately thick, and with an indistinct tooth at the apical third. The calcaria is short, not one fourth of the length of the metatarsus. Wings clear hyaline; the coste glabrous. The male has the antenne thicker. Bred by Mr. Champion from the galls of Cynips guatemalensis. SYNTOMASPIS.—EURYTOMA. 107 -SYNTOMASPIS. Syntomaspis, Foerster, Hymen. Stud. ii. p. 48. A genus of small extent, chiefly distinguished from Diomorus by the absence of teeth from the posterior femora, and from Torymus by the scutellum having a transverse _ line a little past the middle. The species are parasites on gall-flies. 1. Syntomaspis maculipennis. ffneo-viridis ; flagello antennarum nigro; geniculis, apice tibiarum tarsisque flavo-testaceis, Long. 43 millim., terebra fere 4 millim. Hab. Mexico, North Sonora (Morrison). Head and thorax (except the pleure behind, where they are smooth, shining, impunctate, and of a bluish tint) strongly and closely punctured. Scutellum behind the transverse line much finer and closer punctured than it is in front of it. Front excavated above the antenne in the middle; the face coppery. Antenne rather slender, the flagellum getting thicker towards the apex ; its third joint longer than fourth, the apical compressed. Scape thin, cylindrical, reaching to the lower ocellus. Annellus longer than broad, thicker and rounded at the apex. Abdomen smooth, shining, coppery. Coxe rather strongly, femora obscurely, punctured. ‘The coxe are coppery; femora black, with a slight coppery tint. The posterior tibiz are black, except at base and apex; the anterior are for the greater part testaceous in front, coppery behind. The tarsi are of a clear yellow, except that the apices of the joints of the posterior tarsi are fuscous; the long spur of the calcaria reaches a little beyond the middle. The ovipositor is as long as the body. Wings clearly hyaline; humerus testaceous; ulna and cubitus blackish, at the latter is a fuscous fascia. The posterior edge of the basal segment of the abdomen incised. As with most of the species, the coppery tints are irregularly distributed over the body. The present species differs from most of the European in having the scutellum finely punctured behind the transverse line, that part being generally shining and impunctate. Subfam. HURYTOMINA. This subfamily is distinguished by having the body not metallic, the prothorax large, acute laterally, quadrate, the antennz with not more than eleven joints, and the abdomen compressed and convex above. The species are parasites on gall-insects of various orders, so far as is known. EURYTOMA. Eurytoma, Mliger, Fauna Etr. ii. p. 127. This genus is a common one in the Palearctic and Nearctic Regions. We now add three new species from Central America; two of these (E. aurifrons and E. argentata) PP 2 , 108 “HYMENOPTERA. have the apical abdominal segments lengthened out into a short tail, which clasps the ovipositor ; they have the petiole very short, and the joints of the club of the antenne are, in most specimens, completely amalgamated. The other (£. petioliventris) has a long petiole, and the abdomen semioval and very strongly compressed, much more so than in any other species I have seen. E. aurifrons was found by Mr. Champion near the holes of beetles in a tree. 1. Eurytoma aurifrons. (Tab. V. figg. 11,2; 11a, mandible; 114, abdomen laterally; 11 c¢, antenna; 11d, labium; 11 ¢, ovipositor.) Nigra ; antennis pedibusque rufis ; alis hyalinis; antennis 8-articulatis. Long. 5—7 millim. Hab. GuateMata, Pantaleon (Champion). The head and thorax are coarsely and closely punctured all over (except on the posterior part of the mesopleure, which is much less coarsely punctured), and covered with a golden pile, long on the face, pleure, and metanotum, short on the rest. The scape of the antenne is a little longer than the two following joints together, the third is a little shorter than the two following, which are subequal, the sixth a little shorter than they, the seventh is shorter, the last double the length of the seventh, conical ; the joints become gradually thicker towards the apex. Legs covered with a silvery pubescence; posterior coxe finely punctured, and covered with short white hair. The metanotum is slightly hollowed and very minutely punctured. 2. Kurytoma argentata. Nigra ; scapo, coxis anterioribus, trochanteribus femoribusque rufis; tibiis tarsisque albidis; antennis 9-arti- culatis; alis hyalinis. Long. 5-6 millim. Hab. GuatemMaa, Pantaleon (Champion). Differs from £. aurifrons in being smaller; in the antenne being nine-jointed, a little longer, and in not being so much thickened towards the apex, in being more pilose, and the last joint a little longer than the seventh, which is a little longer than the eighth. The pleure are less pilose, as is also the metathorax; the four anterior coxee are red, and the tibie and tarsi white. The male has, as usual, the antenne longer and thinner, and covered with long depressed hairs. The abdomen has a long petiole, and the second segment has a large suture at the base. In both sexes the hair on the thorax is silvery. The middle of the mesopleure is hollow, very minutely punc- tured, and without hair. 8. Eurytoma petioliventris. (Tab. V. fig. 12, 2 .) Nigra; capite et thorace profunde punctatis, abdomine compresso ; tibiarum apice tarsisque albidis ; alis hyalinis. Long, 3-4 millim. EURYTOMA.—BEPHRATA. 109 _ Hab. Panama, Bugaba (Champion). Antenne as long as the head and thorax, moderately thick, becoming gradually and slightly thicker towards the apex, covered sparsely with hairs, which are depressed and directed towards the apex; the scape is not much longer than the second and third joints together; the second less than one half of the length of the third; the third is a little longer than the fourth, and a little shorter and thinner than the fifth; sixth shorter than the seventh ; the eighth longer than the latter, compressed, and with no trace of segmentation. The head and thorax are covered sparsely with short glistening white hairs, except on the vertex and pronotum; the mesopleure and mesocoxe are finely and closely punctured. Abdomen shorter than the thorax, oval, and very strongly compressed. The ovipositor projects a little, issuing from the middle of the abdomen. Wings glabrous at the border; nervures pallid testaceous. BEPHRATA. Antenne 9-jointed, filiform; the joints longish, tapering towards the apex; scape short, of the length of the ring and the next joint; ring distinct, ovoid ; first joint of flagellum a little longer than next, the others subequal; they are situated high on the front, which is deeply excavated between them and the ocelli. Ocelli ina curve. Eyes bare; the head projects but little behind them. Prothorax large, quadrate, compressed at the sides. Thorax much longer than broad. Scutellum large. Abdomen strongly compressed laterally; second segment one half longer than the next, which is shorter than the fourth ; the fifth is longer than the fourth. Ovipositor concealed; last ventral segment deeply incised. Legs simple; posterior femora a little enlarged, the spurs minute. Costal branch one half of the length of the ulna; cubitus half the length of the costal branch. The costal nervure in the posterior wings is well developed. In the strongly punctured thorax this genus agrees with Eurytoma; but the structure of the antenne (in the joints being longer and thinner, and in the last not forming a club) and of the abdomen is very different. The marginal branch of the ulna is much longer. In the long strongly compressed abdomen it departs from the other Eury- tomids entirely. 1. Bephrata ruficollis. (Tab. V. figg. 13,9; 13a, antenna.) Rufa; antennarum articulis 6°-9", meso- metathorace abdominisque dorso nigtis ; alis fere hyalinis. Long. 6—7 millim. Hab. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui 3000 to 4000 feet (Champion). The head is punctured, more strongly on the top; the antennal grooves smooth, shining. Thorax coarsely punctured. Mesopleura smooth, scarcely punctured, a deep striated oblique groove in the centre. Head and thorax covered with a white glistening 110 HYMENOPTERA. pubescence. Abdomen longer than the head and thorax, strongly compressed laterally, the last ventral segment deeply incised. Except at the base, the wings are fuscous- yellow in tint. Subfam. SPALANGIINA. This division is of small extent, only three genera being known, and these contain but a limited number of species. SPALANGIA. Spalangia, Latr. Hist. Nat. des Crust. et des Ins. xiii. p. 228. Species of this genus are known from the Palearctic Region and North America, while one of the European species has been recorded from the Galapagos Islands and another from the Sandwich Islands. As the species, so far as is known, are parasitic on the house-fly, they have no doubt been introduced there. ‘The species are very closely allied, and difficult to separate specifically, owing to their being so uniform in coloration and markings. 1. Spalangia chontalensis. (Tab. V. figg. 14,2; 14a, antenna.) Nigra, pilosa; tarsis testaceis ; alis hyalinis. Long. 2-3 millim. Hab. Nicaragua, Chontales (Janson). Antenne 10-jointed ; the second joint one fourth longer than the third, the third and fourth are longer than broad, the fifth to ninth are not much longer than broad, the tenth is nearly as long as the three preceding together. The head and thorax are covered with a sparse pubescence and with shallow punctures. The centre of the mesonotum is shining, smooth ; scutellum alutaceous, and with a longitudinal furrow in the middle. The metanotum, pleura, and sternum are smooth and shining for the most part. Abdomen smooth, shining, impunctate, shorter than the thorax; the last segment acute; the apical segments are covered with a pale pubescence. PARALASTHIA. Head elongated, broad, produced in front into a spear-head process, the apex of which is blunt, and at its base produced into a blunt tooth-like process. Eyes small, oval, situated on the sides. Vertex with a wide and deep furrow extending from behind the ocelli to the antenne and carinated in the middle, the keel running down to the centre. Mandibles very large, three fourths of the length of the head, curved, bidentate. Antenne 10-jointed, clavate, situated a little below the middle of the head; scape -PARALESTHIA, 111 shorter than the first two joints of the flagellum, the first joint shorter than the second, fourth and fifth shorter and thicker; the rest become thickened towards the apex. Prothorax large, a little broader than long, distinctly separated from the mesothorax, the sides scarcely straight, transverse behind, rounded and narrowed in front. Mesonotum rather flat above, the scutellum not clearly defined. Metanotum comparatively large, closely amalgamated with the mesonotum. Petiole long, curved, broader at the base than at the apex, round. Abdomen ovoid, flat, contracted before and behind; second segment longer than the next, fourth much longer than any of the others ; apical a little shorter than the third. Ulna shorter than the marginal branch, (which is prolonged a little beyond the cubitus); at its junction with the ulna is a thickened spot of hairs; the marginal branch is provided with projecting hairs; the margins of the wings with long cilia. Coxe large, thickened, widely separated; femora stout; tarsi longer than the tibie. The female has a stout laterally compressed ovipositor, which is about half the length of the abdomen. The head over the mouth is broadly incised, the edges of the incision being tooth-like; the front below the antenne is produced into a broad keel, which overhangs the mouth-region, terminating in a blunt thick tooth. The affinities of this genus are clearly with Theocolar, Westw., with which it agrees in the structure of the thorax and abdomen and of the wings; but the enormous development of the mandibles, the very deep and long suture on the head, and the greater development of the basal abdominal segments sufficiently differentiate the two. 1. Paralesthia mandibularis. (Tab. V. figg. 15, 9; 154a,3; 158, head of é; 15¢, antenna of 2; 15c¢, antenna of g; 15 f, head of ¢.) Nigra, nitida, fere glabra; ore, scapo antennarum tarsisque testaceis; geniculis, trochanteribus tibiisque piceis ; alis hyalinis, fascia substigmatali fusca. Long. 4 millim. Hab. PANAMA, Volcan de Atitlan 2500 to 3500 feet (Champion). Antennee not much longer than the head and mandibles. Sides and upper part of pleure slightly punctured and semiopaque ; the rest very smooth, glossy, shining, and piceous ; the sides of the head and prothorax are also piceous. The tibie are closely covered with a fuscous pile. The scutellum laterally are faintly longitudinally striated. Metanotum shining in the centre, obscurely punctured and semiopaque at the sides. Subfam. AX/MINA. Antenne 13-jointed, inserted in the middle of the face. Prothorax large, not transverse in front. Head with the front produced into large irregular horn-like tubercles. Meta-— pectus armed with spine-like tubercles. Petiole armed beneath with a curved spine. 112 . HYMENOPTERA. Second segment of abdomen longer than all the others together. Four anterior tibie with one minute spur; posterior curved, terminating in a stout curved spine. Posterior cox elongated; posterior femora thickened, minutely toothed. Body metallic. The form'of the head would ally this subfamily to Dirrhinus, Dal., a genus which is placed by authors in the Chalcidina; but the South-American genus can scarcely be placed there, unless the characters given by European authors to define the Chalcidina are much extended. The Aximine, in fact, differ from that group in the body being metallic, the prothorax much more strongly developed (it being constructed very much as in Eurytoma), and the ovipositor is as long as the abdomen. In the structure of the posterior legs it agrees with the Chalcidina, but the thickened femora and the strongly spined tibie are not peculiar to them. The only other group that it could be placed in is the Pteromalina; but the form of the head and prothorax is quite different. HONTATLIA. Antenne 13-jointed, inserted below the eyes; second joint a little shorter than third. Head longer than broad, triangularly incised behind, above the antenne deeply exca- vated, produced at the sides into two large tubercles, of which the uppermost is the largest; they are sharply pointed, and the space between them is semicircular. Mouth almost touching the anterior coxe. Ocelliinatriangle. Eyes almost round, margined. Prothorax large, transverse behind, produced in the middle in front so as to fit into the incision in the head; distinctly separated from the mesothorax. Mesonotum with two sutures, and a transverse one at the base of the scutellum, which is oval and slightly raised, and not separated by sutures from the mesonotum. Metathorax flat, longer than broad, with distinct keels. In front of the posterior coxe the sternum is produced, on each side, into a blunt tooth. Petiolea little shorter than the metathorax, carinated beneath, armed with a curved thick spine. Abdomen fusiform, second segment longer than the succeeding together; the rest subequal. Ovipositor broad, compressed, a little shorter than the abdomen. Posterior cox large, a little longer than the femora, which are thicker, oval, a little longer than broad, and bluntly keeled on the lower side, where there is also a blunt tooth at the base. Tibiz curved, a large thick curved spur at the apex; anterior apparently without spurs. Middle femora thickened at the apex. Ulna straight, produced along the costa; cubitus a mere thickening of the nerve. The metatarsus is shorter than the second joint, it being not much longer than the third; the apical is the longest, and is thickened towards the apex. Ocelli in a triangle. The mouth, when the head is not raised, touches the prosternum. The horns on the head are directed straight in front. The genus Arima, Walker, from Brazil, comes nearest to Hontalia of the described genera, but is sufficiently distinguished from it by the eleven-jointed antenne and simple posterior femora. HONTALIA. 113 1. Hontalia cerulea. (Tab. VI. fig. 1,¢; 1a, head from the side.) Cerulea ; antennis nigris, tarsis, femoribus tibiisque anterioribus rufo-testaceis; alis hyalinis (9 ). Long. 7-8 millim., terebra 4 millim. Hab. Nicaraava, Chontales (Janson). Head and thorax minutely pilose, covered with large, roundish, distinctly separated punctures; the mesonotum in front and a longitudinal narrow line on scutellum smooth, shining, impunctate. A large oblique space on the mesopleura impunctate, finely striated, more strongly at the extreme apex; posterior cox obliquely striated, punctured at the base. Metanotum finely punctured, and with six keels. Petiole alutaceous, with four keels. Ovipositor covered with short white hairs at the apex. Antenne as long as the thorax, covered with a microscopic down; the joints not clearly separated, becoming gradually thicker towards the apex, which is conical. The anterior femora and tibie are darkened towards the middle. 2. Hontalia ruficornis. (Tab. VI. fig. 2,9; 2a, antenna; 26, head; 2, abdo- men.) Nigra; antennis, femoribus tibiisque anterioribus rufis; tarsis pallide testaceis ; alis fumatis, albo fasciatis. Long. 4-5 millim. Hab. Panama, Bugaba 800. to 1500 feet (Champion). Antenne a little shorter than the thorax, thickened towards the apex, where the joints become also shorter; second joint a very little shorter than the third. Scape not reaching the top of the tubercles. Frontal tubercles large, broad, projecting above the eyes and in front ; the upper part is sharply pointed, behind it curves down on either side to near the middle, the sides being margined and enclosing a slightly hollow space ; from the middle it descends gradually to the vertex; in front its slope is more perpen- dicular, and towards the middle of the eyes it curves out into a tooth, from this descending with a slight inward curve to the base of the antennz. On each side of the mouth the head projects into a blunt tooth. The head (especially in front) is coarsely punctured, and covered with a short silvery pubescence. In front the pronotum is smooth, shining, impunctate, at the sides obscurely punctured; above coarsely punctured, except a broad, smooth, shining, impunctate transverse band. Mesonotum and scutellum coarsely punctured; in the front of the former is a narrow, shining, transverse furrow. Pleure coarsely punctured, except a hollow space below the tegule, which is finely striated. In the centre of the metanotum is a large area, truncated behind, rounded in front, where it ends a little beyond the middle, and from its apex there runs a straight keel to the petiole. On either side of this is a similar field, but sharper-pointed at the apex, and from their apices a keel runs also to the petiole. Outside these keels, and close to the edge, is a keel which runs round the border of the metanotum ; at its basal third the metathorax projects into a blunt tooth. The BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Hymenopt., July 1884. QQ a 114 HYMENOPTERA. inside of these fields is punctured. The metasternum is hollowed on either side, carinated in the centre, and finely striated. The petiole is a little longer than broad ; on each side is a keel close to the edge, which is itself margined ; in the centre are two narrower keels, enclosing a punctured space; the portion enclosed by the lateral central keels is smooth; at the end of these keels is a transverse furrow. On the lower side of the petiole is a curved spine; the second abdominal segment is much larger than all the succeeding together; the three following are of equal size, the next larger, the following smaller but larger than the third. The anterior coxe are coarsely punctured on the outer side, posterior finely punctured and striated. ‘The posterior femora are finely punctured ; beneath they are very finely and closely toothed, the teeth only being visible with a strong glass; at the base is a very indistinct tooth. At the end of the stigma is a round white spot, and there is another opposite it; there is a long narrow white stripe along the costa, and the base is more or less hyaline. I think this isa male; but I am not quite sure, as the apical abdominal segments are retracted. Ifa female it would differ from H. cwrulea (which I have regarded as the type of the genus) in having the ovipositor retracted. Subfam. EUPELMINA. This subfamily possesses a well-marked peculiarity in the strongly dilated middle tarsi and in the large stout spurs on the same legs. In the possession of a large, stout spur on the middle tibie the Encyrtide agree with them, but differ otherwise in the disk of the mesothorax being bordered, and in the mesothcrax not being contracted before the scutellum. Comparatively few species have been described; they are principally from the Nearctic Region; but species are known from Australia, the Sandwich Islands, North and South America. The European species have been referred to six or seven genera, mostly separated from each other by slight differences in the form of the legs, head, and the manner in which the antenne are inserted. To arrange the Central-American — species in the same lines would require the creation of several new divisions. I have only done this in three cases; for with the limited material at my command (all of the species being represented by one sex only, and mostly by single specimens) I experience considerable difficulty in deciding as to what characters are of generic value, a difficulty increased by the fact that such characters which, on first examination, might be regarded as useful in generic separation, are found to merge into mere specific differences when traced through several species. A revision of the genera of Neotropical Eupelmina must therefore be deferred until the accession of more complete material shall enable us to come to more definite ideas as to the limits of the genera. EUPELMUS. 115 EUPELMUS. Eupelmus, Dalman, Kong]. Vet. Acad. Handl. ii. p. 378 (1820). In having the front ridged near the insertion of the antenne the species I have included here do not agree with one of the principal characters given by Foerster (Hymen. Stud. ii. p. 31) to define Hupelmus, and none of them have the second abdo- minal segment incised. They, however, agree tolerably well with Eupelmus generally. The species are mostly black, more or less tinted with metallic green; the wings dark with hyaline fascie. It is difficult to count the number of joints in the antenne, so closely are they united together; but the majority would appear to have them eleven- jointed. Possibly there may be three joints in the club. I have divided the genus into sections, which may hereafter be raised into genera. I. Antenne with the scape strongly compressed laterally, with a knife-like edge on the lower side, where it is much thinner than on the back. Antennal grooves short, broad. Ocelli not touching the groove. Flagellum thick, compressed, densely pilose, first joint a little longer than the neat, the others subequal ; there are eleven joints in all. Thorax raised into a sharp ridge on the back. Ovipositor scarcely projecting. Abdomen somewhat depressed in the centre above, longer than the head and thorax together. 1. Eupelmus compressicornis. (Tab. VI. fig. 12, 2 .) Nigro-viridis, pilosus; antennis nigris; pedibus testaceis fusco maculatis ; alis subfumatis. Long. 4 millim. Hab. Panama, Bugaba 800 to 1500 feet (Champion). The antenne are shorter than the thorax and abdomen, thick, compressed, covered with a close pile, and they taper in thickness towards the apex; the joints (except the first of the flagellum) are broader than long; the first of the flagellum is a little longer than the succeeding, and is narrower at the base than at the apex. The head is punctured, and covered with a short pale pubescence. The thorax is uniformly alutaceous, almost punctured. The abdomen, except at the apex, is smooth, shining, impunctate; the apex is covered with shallow punctures. The spur on the middle leg is two thirds of the length of the basal joint of the tarsus. The head is green, some- what coppery on the front; thorax dull black; apex of the abdomen green, the rest bluish black ; the wing-nervures are yellowish testaceous; the femora, tibiz, and tarsi are suffused with fuscous. 116 HYMENOPTERA. TI. Antenne twelve-jointed. Scape compressed, sharp on the lower side; first joint of the flagellum (after the ring, which is longer than broad) much longer than the second, which is a little shorter than the third ; the rest become shorter and thicker towards the apex. Grooves of the antenne broad, short, forming a hollow above the antenne, not reaching near the ocelli ; vertex a little depressed at the eyes, which are oval and reach to the extreme back of the head and project beyond it laterally. Front before the antenne bluntly keeled. Thorax flat above; the centre of the mesonotum somewhat depressed. Ovipositor very slightly projecting. 2. Eupelmus gigas. (Tab. VI. fig. 9,2; 9a, antenna.) Niger, viridi et cupreo tinctis; flagello antennarum (apice excepto) pedibusque rufis; alis fumatis, albo fasciatis. . Long. fere 9 millim. Hab. Panama, Bugaba (Champion). Antenne situated a little above the antennal scape, strongly compressed laterally, dilated and hollowed at the side, double as long as broad. Flagellum thick, becoming thicker towards the apex, densely covered with a white pile. Head punctured, pilose. Antennal grooves proper short, broad, ridged on the outer side, converging above into a hollow, which does not reach near to the ocelli. Eyes converging at the top, projecting beyond the back of the head, which is margined on the outer side; the eyes project above the vertex. Prothorax small. Mesonotum flattish, not raised above the scutellum, centre depressed, with a triangular raised part at the base, the depression bordered with a margin, indistinct at the base, clearly defined towards the scutellum ; on the outside of the mesonotum are two narrow keels, one on the top, the other a little way down the side and running into the tegule; there is a transverse, rather wide, groove in front of the scutellum. Metanotum with two wide grooves enclosing a slightly raised part in its centre, and which is widest at the apex. Mesopleura in front covered with longish white hair, this part being more projecting than the larger hind portion, which is more opaque, and bears only a microscopic pubescence. Abdomen longer than the head and thorax together, smooth, shining, more or less coppery, the apex with a few round obscure punctures, and bearing (as do also the sides) a few longish hairs. Ovipositor shortly projecting, the sheath densely pilose. The coxe are black, more or less green at the base, and covered with a longish hair; the rest of the legs are densely covered with a close pale pile; the posterior femora above, the middle tibiz and hind tarsi at the apex, more or less fuscous at the base on the lower side and at the apex. The fore wings are obscure hyaline, more or less infuscated; and in front of the cubitus, and close to the margin, is a longish hyaline space; the hind wings are lightly infuscated. The largest of the species known to me. EUPELMUS. ~ 117 III. Scape of antenne cylindrical, flagellum becoming gradually thicker from the base towards the apex. Antennal grooves reaching close to the ocelli, but very shallow on upper half. Pronotum triangular above, flat, with a deep groove in the middle. Mesonotum flat or ridged. Abdomen convex above and beneath, the sides a little compressed. Ovipositor retracted. Wings abbreviated. Body testaceous. 3. Eupelmus testaceus. (Tab. VI. fig. 10,2; 10a, antenna.) Rufo-testaceus; apice antennarum nigro, abdominis basi alba, capite cupreo variegato; alis fusco-brunneis, albo fasciatis. Long. 6-7 millim. Hab. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui 3000 to 4000 feet (Champion). Antenne almost bare, and becoming thickened towards the apex; the third and fourth joints subequal. Head finely and closely rugose, rust-coloured, except in the centre, which is blackish. The mouth-region is greenish black. Eyes chocolate. Head sparsely pilose. Thorax smooth, shining, and covered with a black pubescence. The prothorax above is longer than broad, obsoletely punctured, and with a longitudinal furrow in the centre of the pronotum, which is flat. The mesonotum is light testaceous, impunctate; the scutellum and metanotum reddish testaceous and minutely punctured, especially the metanotum, which is flat, and bears a well-marked keel in the centre. Pleure finely punctured, black along the edges, reddish testaceous for the rest. Abdo- men a little longer than the thorax; the basal third smooth, shining, the rest finely punctured ; the greater part of the second segment is white. ‘The wings are scarcely longer than the thorax; they are brownish; in front of the middle is a white band, | which extends right across; there is a small white mark (longer than broad) at the cubitus close to the costa; these white parts are surrounded with a fuscous border, and the apex of the wing is also fuscous. 4, Kupelmus brevipennis. Rufo-testaceus ; capite cupreo, antennarum apice, abdominis basi, coxis femoribusque nigro-maculatis ; alis fumatis, basi hyalinis. Long. 42 millim. Hab. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui 3000 to 4000 feet (Champion). The head is coppery, as in E. testaceus, and otherwise agrees with that of the latter, but the antenne are somewhat shorter. In the form of the prothorax the only difference is that in E. brevipennis it is quite flat, this being also the case with the mesonotum. The metanotum is shorter, and there is no distinct central keel. ‘The abdomen is shorter than the thorax. Thorax very finely punctured. Abdomen smooth, shining. The four posterior coxe are largely marked with black; the posterior femora are broadiy lined with the same colour above; the base of the abdomen is longer, black ; and there is an obscure white ring on the second segment. The wings are narrow, shorter than the mesothorax; the basal half is hyaline, the apical brownish. 118 HYMENOPTERA. IV. Lyes bare, head scarcely projecting behind them. Antenne inserted in the middle of the face. Antennal grooves distinctly ridged, narrow. Head retreating behind the eyes. Antennal scape narrow, of nearly equal thickness throughout. Pronotum hollow above, a longitudinal suture in the centre. Scutellum narrow at the base. Abdomen narrow at the base, becoming dilated towards the apex ; seeond and third segments longer than the others. Ovipositor hidden, or exserted. Middle tarsi dilated, setose on the underside. The mesonotum flat or elevated into a hump. Antenne 11-jointed, inserted in the middle of the face; two rings, the first longer than the second, broader at the apex than at the base, second ring a little longer than broad ; first joint of the flagellum longer than the next, second and third subequal, longer than the fourth, which is of the same size as the fifth; the joints of the club indistinct, its apex acute. Head large, broader than the thorax, slightly convex behind, still more slightly concave in front. Eyes bare, oval; ocelli in a curved line. Front slightly hollow; there is no antennal suture. Prothorax transverse, small, the sides rounded. Mesonotum with the sutures well defined. In front of the scutellum is an almost straight transverse carina; base of scutellum broad, truncated; apex rounded, broader than the base. Abdomen long, semisessile, tapering towards the apex, which is often cylindrical ; the segments do not differ much in length. Legs slender. Spurs on front tibize almost obsolete; on the middle long, stout; on the posterior short, and two in number. Marginal branch three fourths of the length of the ulna. The following table is a synopsis of the species of Group IV. :— 1 (16). Mesonotum elevated into a ridge. 2 (11). Wings smoky, with white fasciz ; legs mostly black. 3 (4). Antenne entirely testaceous . . . . . . . . . . . « « Cestaceicornis. 4 (3). Antenne for the most part black. 5 (8). Base of abdomen black ; scape of antenne black, thick, compressed, sharp on the lower side. . Wings hyaline at the base, with a small fuscous spot in the centre of the hyaline part; middle of the flagellum testaceous ; spurs black geniculatus. 7 (6). Base of the wings entirely hyaline ; antenne entirely black ; spurs ony vV—_— NI ~—— white... 1 6 we ee ee ee ee www ee abbispina. 8 (5). Base of the abdomen white; scape testaceous, cylindrical, not com- pressed. 9 (10). Wings with two white spots in middle, hyaline at the base . . . bimaculatus. 10 (9). Wings with only a narrow curved fascia in the middle ; base smoky . gracilis. 11 (2). Wings hyaline; legs testaceous. 12 (18). Thorax mostly red . . 2... 1. ew ee ew ee ee erythrothorax. 18 (12). Thorax black. 14 (15). Ovipositor as long as the abdomen; legs testaceous . . . . . Ayalinipennis. 15 (14). Ovipositor but very shortly projecting; legs yellow . . . . .« flavipes. EUPELMUS. 119 16 (1). Mesonotum flat, not elevated. 17 (18). Wings with two fascie inthe middle . . . ... .. . . petiolaris. 18 (17). Wings with only one curved fascia in the middle. 19 (20). Upperside of the base of the abdomen white; sheath of the ovi- positor black . . . . . « eingulatus. O (19). Upperside of the base of the abdomen black ; ; " sheath of the ovi- positor testaceous . . . . . . - ss - + « « « . fasciiventris. 5. Eupelmus testaceicornis. Niger, viridi et cupreo tinctus; antennis (apice excepto), geniculis, tibiis tarsisque anticis et terebra testaceis ; alis fumatis, basi et apice hyalinis. Long. 5 millim. Hab. Panama, Bugaba (Champion). Antenne as long as the thorax and abdomen together ; scape thin, becoming a little thicker towards the apex; flagellum becoming gradually thickened towards the apex, last joint compressed laterally. Head closely punctured, metallic, covered with a close white pile; antennz placed below the level of the eyes; antennal grooves deep, the triangular space which they enclose is depressed in the centre. Thorax obscurely punctured, covered with a white depressed pubescence, except on the mesopleura, which is almost glabrous, and less shining than the rest. The mesothorax rises into a sharp elevation, with a steep slope on the scutellar side. Abdomen narrow at the base, broad and rounded at the apex; base smooth, shining; apex opaque, pilose, and pitted with round shallow punctures; the second segment has a slight incision in the centre above ; it is longer than the third, which is double the length of the fourth. Ovipositor shortly projecting, the sheath thick, three fourths of the length of the last segment. The thorax has more green tints than the abdomen, which is almost entirely black. Legs longish, densely pilose. The slightly incised second abdominal segment would place this species in Lutnes ; but I cannot detect any trace of pilosity on the eyes. 6. Kupelmus geniculatus. Niger; antennarum flagello medio, scapo apice terebraque testaceis; pedibus posterioribus basi geniculisque albis; alis anticis fumatis, albo maculatis. Long. 4 millim. Hab. Panama, Bugaba 800 to 1500 feet (Champion). The head, thorax, and apical half of the abdomen are alutaceous, and covered with a white pubescence, that on the head short and close, on the thorax longer and more scattered, on the abdomen still longer and thinner, especially at the apex. ‘The meso- pleuree above in front finely punctured, and with a coppery tint; below, close to the breast, smooth and shining. Mesonotum margined throughout, the centre hollow, slightly carinated in the centre. The tibiz and tarsi are covered with a close pubes- 120 HYMENOPTERA. cence, the femora with a longish white hair; the anterior knees are only slightly marked with white, the four posterior broadly at the base of the tibie and the apex of the femora ; the base of four posterior coxe black. The antenne are pilose, subclavate, thick, not much longer than the abdomen; the scape is compressed on the lower side, broad, rounded at either end, the side double the width of the back; the scape at the top testaceous, as is also the apex of the fifth and sixth to the eighth joints; the third joint is scarcely one half of the length of the fourth, which is about one half longer than the fifth ; the latter is not much longer than the sixth, and is thinner than it ; the seventh to the ninth are not much longer than broad, the club shorter than the three preceding, compressed at the sides. The base of the wings is mostly hyaline, and in the middle of this clear portion is a somewhat square mark touching the ulna; at the end of the ulna is a larger fuscous mark, broad above, narrowed below; in front of the cubitus is a broad, triangular (looked at from the apex of the wing) cloud, which stretches from one side of the wing to the other, its sharp end pointing to the base of the wing, and almost running into the hyaline space at the base; the nervures are bright testaceous, except where touched by the fuscous portions of the wings. 7. Eupelmus albispina. Niger, pilosus, subnitidus; tarsis terebraque testaceis; pedibus posterioribus basi, tibiarum posticis dimidio basali calcaribusque albis; alis fumatis, albo maculatis. Long. 4—5 millim., terebra 1 millim. Hab. Panama, Bugaba 800 to 1500 feet (Champion). Head minutely punctured, the thorax alutaceous, except the pleure; abdomen smooth, shining, and with a steel-blue tint. The middle spurs are as long as half the metatarsus; the posterior tarsi are testaceous only at the base. The base of the fore wings is almost hyaline, and in front of the cubitus is an oblique narrow hyaline stripe. 8. Eupelmus bimaculatus. Hab. Panama, Bugaba (Champion). Similar to £. petiolaris in the coloration of the body and legs, but differing from that species in the following points :—The antennal grooves are deeper, and their outer margin is more distinctly keeled, being separated from the eyes by a slight groove; the mesothorax, instead of being almost flat, rises sharply to a peak to the base of the scutellum, which has an almost perpendicular slope. The abdomen broadens out con- tinuously from the base, which does not form a neck. The basal joint of the middle tarsus is thinner, and the long spur is as long as it, and quite black; not shorter than it, and testaceous, as in LE. petiolaris. The base of the flagellum is testaceous (but of a darker shade than the scape), while in E. petiolaris it is only piceous. EUPELMUS. 121 9. Kupelmus gracilis. Niger; antennarum scapo tarsisque anterioribus testaceis; abdominis basi alba; alis fumatis, bifasciatis.. Long. 4 millim., Hab. Guatemaua, Mirandilla 1700 feet (Champion). Head covered in front with a white pubescence; mesonotum with shorter, almost fuscous pubescence; the legs with a microscopic down; apex of abdomen with mode. rately long fuscous hair. The head is alutaceous, finely punctured; mesonotum: alutaceous, pleure half shining, faintly alutaceous. Abdomen smooth, shining. The- antenne are a little longer than the head and thorax; scape curved; flagellum rather thin to the middle, where it gradually thickens towards the point; the two last joints: form a distinct flattened club; the joints are covered with a pale microscopic pile. The. anterior legs are fuscous black, posterior coxe green. ‘The ovipositor is one third of the length of the abdomen, black, the apex testaceous. ‘The wings are shorter than the abdomen, and marked with an obscure white band before the ulna, and a larger, broader, curved one in front of the cubitus; the apices lighter in colour. 10. Eupelmus erythrothorax. (Tab. VI. fig. 11.) Niger; pronoto purpureo, antennarum scapo, thorace pedibusque rufis; alis flavo-hyalinis, Long. 6 millim. fab. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui 2500 to 4000 feet (Champion). Antenne a little shorter than the abdomen, moderately stout, becoming gradually. thickened towards the apex; scape curved; third joint scarcely one fourth shorter than the fourth and as long as the fifth; the fifth is shorter than the sixth, seventh and eighth shorter and not much longer than broad, ninth and tenth broader than long ;, club distinctly three-jointed. The head is alutaceous, finely pubescent, the front bluntly keeled. Thorax smooth, shining. Mesonotum margined at the sides all round ; the middle hollowed throughout to the scutellum; a raised, long, triangular part at the base is continued as a narrow keel to near the end; the sides of the depression are not margined; outside the hollow the mesonotum has a bDlistered. appearance. ‘The metanotum and sternum are covered sparsely with longish white hairs. The abdomen is more than double the length of the thorax, incised beneath. at the base, the ventral surface margined in the middle; the apex produced into a blunt point; the apical segments longer than the middle; the sixth semicircular at. the apex, and not much longer than the apical. The back of the abdomen is black, the sides at the base and the base above greenish blue; the posterior coxe are bluish.. 11. Eupelmus hyalinipennis. Niger; antennis nigris; pedibus intermediis totis, femoribus posticis apice, tibiis tarsisque testaceis; tibiis tarsisque anticis sordide testaceis ; alis hyalinis. Long. fere 5 millim, Hab. Guatemaa, Pantaleon 1700 feet (Champion). BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Hymenopt., dugust 1884. Pl. g2 1223 HYMENOPTERA. Head bright green, except behind the ocelli and round the mouth. Thorax black, variegated with green. The abdomen black, variegated with green and coppery tints, especially on the back; the mesopleure golden. Head covered with large round punctures; the vertex behind the ocelli alutaceous. The thorax finely alutaceous; abdomen smooth and shining; the pleure very finely punctured; breast alutaceous and with a minute irregular punctuation. The head, mesonotum, and breast covered with short, white, glistening hairs; the sides and apex of abdomen have a few scattered hairs. The antenne and ovipositor almost glabrous; the scape of the antenne has a greenish hue. The anterior tibiz are more or less fuscous green above and beneath ; the anterior and middle tarsi fuscous for the most part; the posterior coxe and basal two thirds of the femora are green. The ovipositor is nearly as long as the abdo- men and deep black. 12. Kupelmus flavipes. Viridis ; abdomine antennisque nigris; pedibus flavis, coxis femoribusque posticis fere totis nigris; alis hyalinis. Long. 3 millim. Hab. Guaremaua, Mirandilla 1700 feet (Champion). Head above smooth and shining, front and oral region finely punctured; face covered with a white pubescence. The thorax has a fine, almost obsolete punctuation; the mesonotum shining; pleure semiopaque and glabrous; the mesonotum and breast with a white pubescence; the base of the abdomen is shining, metallic, the apex opaque, obsoletely punctured. The pronotum curves downwards from the top towards the head, so that the centre is slightly hollow; it is margined at the top. The sides of the meso- notum are margined, but not very clearly; the centre is hollowed to the scutellum, where there is a distinct border; in front there is the usual raised triangular part with the keel behind. Abdomen longer than the head and thorax; the apex broadly rounded, but narrower than the middle; the last segment shorter than the preceding. The antenne are pilose, thin to the middle, from that becoming gradually thickened ; the third joint a litile longer than the fourth. The terebra is pilose and as long as the last segment above. The face, pleure, and the greater part of the abdomen are coppery black. The base of abdomen is brassy and bluish, and the mesonotum has the green more or less tinged with coppery tints. 13. Eupelmus cingulatus. Niger; scapo antennarum, tarsis anterioribus femoribusque posterioribus apice testaceis; abdominis basi cingulo albo; alis fuscis, albo maculatis. Long. 4—5 millim. Hab. Guatemaa, Pantaleon 1700 feet; Panama, Caldera 1200 feet (Champion). Head, thorax, and abdomen (except at the base, which is smooth and shining) aluta- EUPELMUS.. | 123 ceous, and covered with short, white, depressed hairs, except on the posterior part of the mesopleure. The face is closely covered with white hairs; scutellum with a few long white hairs; and there are a few long hairs along the edge of the mesonotum. The . apical abdominal segments are covered with long white hairs along the edges of the. segments, beneath with black hairs. The legs are covered with a white pubescence. The mesonotum is margined along its whole extent, and with a V-shaped furrow; but there is no transverse furrow in front of the scutellum, which is depressed. The wings are subhyaline at base and apex; and there is a white band in front of the cubitus; this band does not stretch across the wings, and is broadest in front. The head, thorax (especially the metathorax), and base of abdomen have a steel-blue reflection. 14. Kupelmus petiolaris. Hab. Guatemaa, Pantaleon 1700 feet (Champion). In general coloration this species agrees with EL. cingulatus, but it is slightly shorter and narrower. The thorax is more shining, less alutaceous. The second abdominal segment is longer, narrower, double as long as broad, and distinctly separated from the rest of the abdomen by its narrowness, the apical part bulging out abruptly from it; it is entirely white, except a narrow black band in its middle. The apical portion of the abdomen is more shining than in K. cingulatus. ‘The wings are not byaline at the apex, and at the cubitus there are two white fascia, one on either side of the wing, that close to the cubitus itself being the largest. The knees, anterior tarsi, and lower side of the hind femora are obscure testaceous. 15. Hupelmus fasciiventris. Niger; scapo antennarum, abdominis apice, terebra tarsisque rufo-testaceis; apice coxarum, abdominis basi subtus et femoribus posterioribus subtus albis; alis fumatis, albo fasciatis. Long. 6 millim. Hab. Panama, Bugaba (Champion). Scape of antennz longish, curved; flagellum becoming thickened gradually towards the apex; first joint (the ring) double as long as broad, second about one fourth longer than the third; all the joints covered with a close white pile. Head opaque, for the most part covered with a matted pubescence, punctured finely. Antennal grooves broad, comparatively shallow, not reaching to the ocelli. Closely related to E. cingulatus, but the white on the second abdominal segment is - only on the sides and beneath; the abdomen is longer compared to the thorax; the last segment longer, not so hairy, and more distinctly punctured ; ovipositor longer, its sheath testaceous ; the white band at the cubitus is, if any thing, narrower, whiter, and more clearly defined. The four posterior trochanters are white, as are also the base of the femora, which are more or less obscure testaceous on the lower side. The antenne RR 2 124 . HYMENOPTERA. are more pilose than they are in Z. cingulatus, and not so much thickened towards the apex. The antennal grooves are wider and deeper. BRASEMA. Eyes hairy, converging at the top. Front hollow, and with a somewhat triangular projecting space above the antenne ; the hollow is scarcely ridged at the bottom. Head not dilated at all behind the eyes. Mesothorax raised into a peak, above the centre of which depressed. Mesonotum hollow in the centre; scutellum narrow at the base. | Abdomen long, narrower than the thorax; segments two to six subequal, transverse ; apical segment shorter and narrower. Ovipositor as long as the two last segments together. Middle tarsi dilated, setose beneath. The short, not incised, second abdominal segment distinguishes this genus at once from Lutnes; the hairy eyes from Eupelmus. 1. Brasema brevispina. Nigra; trochanteribus, coxis intermediis, geniculis, tibiis intermediis, posticis medio tarsisque testaceis; alis hyalinis. Long. 4 millim., terebra fere 1 millim. Hab, GuateMa.a, Pantaleon 1700 feet (Champion). Head opaque, slightly punctured, the face covered with a white pile. Thorax alutaceous; pilose in front, behind, at the sides above, and on the sternum; pleure glabrous, finely punctured. ‘The sides and apex of the abdomen are covered with a white pubescence ; apex very minutely and sparsely punctured, almost opaque; the base more shining. Mesonotum distinctly margined all round, the border going round the scutellum ; the centre deeply hollowed, the sides of the hollow having a well-defined border, which becomes better marked as it reaches the outer border at the scutellum; the centre of the hollow is raised into a somewhat triangular posture, which is prolonged behind into a narrow keel. On the thorax, above the fore wings, are two tubercles at. the end of the central carina of the mesonotum and close to the end of it, one close to the carina, the other below it. The abdomen is narrower than the thorax, longer than the thorax and the head together, the centre depressed, the apex bluntly pointed ; apex of the terebra testaceous. The antenne are a little shorter than the abdomen, rather thin, becoming thicker towards the apex; the scape is curved, finely keeled on the lower side ; the third joint is a little shorter than the fourth and nearly as long as the fifth, the fifth a little longer than the sixth. LUTNES. Eyes hairy, converging above. Antenne inserted in the middle of the face. Front hollow below the ocelli, projecting between the antenne, ridged on the lower side. Scutellum narrow at the base, almost pear-shaped. Abdomen subsessile; second LUTNES. 125 segment as long as all the others together, deeply incised at the apex; third segment incised ; fourth also incised, but not deeply ; fifth segment as long as the fourth, finely punctured. Ovipositor longer than half the abdomen. Spur on anterior tibie stout, curved, one third of the length of the metatarsus; that on the middle tibiz two thirds of the length of the metatarsus, which is thickened and setose on the lower side, and with the second joint also thickened; posterior tibial spur almost obsolete. Wings hairy. Mesonotum with two carine along the middle, which is hollow. A suture separates the pleura from the sternum. In L. crassicornis the mesothorax is flat along its entire extent, but in L. dr omedarius it rises gradually from the pronotum to a peak, descending more abruptly on the other side, the scutellum thus not being on a level with the metanotum, but sharply raised above it. In other respects the species agree. The hairy eyes ally this genus to Caloseter (from Europe) and Solindenia (from the Sandwich Islands). Caloseter has the female wingless, and the ovipositor is not exserted, while the scutellum is broad at the base, and the front is not ridged at the insertion of the antenne, the middle tarsi too not being setose. Solindenia may be known from it by the second abdominal segment not being much longer than the third, and transverse at the apex; the eyes are larger, and project more behind, and there is a wide furrow over the mouth. Synopsis of Species. 1 (4). Thorax elevated into a peak above. 2 (8). Middle of flagellum testaceous; ovipositor more than one half the leugth of abdomen. . . . . « ornaticornis. 3 (2). Flagellum entirely black ; ovipositor not half the length of the abdomen . . . . 1 1 1 ew ee ww we ee we ee Gromedarius. 4 (1). Thorax flat above. 5 (6). Flagellum with a testaceous ring in the middle; abdomen distinctly longer than the head and thorax together; ovipositor not one half the length of the abdomen . . . .. . . . « « longiventris. 6 (5). Flagellum entirely black; abdomen not much longer than the head and thorax together; ovipositor more than half the length of the abdomen . 2. 2. 1 ww we ee ew ee ew CraSSICOrNIS. 1. Lutnes ornaticornis. (Tab. VI. figg. 16, 16a.) Niger; antennarum basi et articulis 8°-10™ abdominisque basi testaceis; geniculis albidis; alis fuscis, albo maculatis. 2. Long. 5-6 millim. Hab. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui 4000-6000 feet (Champion). The head, thorax, and apical half of abdomen are alutaceous; the head (slightly), the thorax in front of the scutellum, and the apex of the abdomen are covered with small, glistening, white, distinctly separated hairs; over the second and third pair of coxe is a 126 HYMENOPTERA. thick tuft of white hair; the legs are covered with a sparse white glistening pubescence ; and the underside of the abdomen at the apex is sparsely covered with moderately long black hairs. In front of the scutellum is a deep transverse furrow. The meso- thorax is distinctly margined in front (the margin extending to the middle); roundly angled in front, and wider than the prothorax. The mesonotum bears no sutures in front of the scutellum, except an almost obsolete hollow on either side in front. The scape at the base and apex is black. The middle and posterior trochanters, the apices of the posterior coxe, and the mark on the middle of the intermediate tibie beneath are testaceous. The breast in front of the middle legs is dirty testaceous, but I am not certain if this isnatural. All the calcaria are black; the fore knees are only slightly white. The fore wings are subhyaline at the base; in front of the cubitus is a curved, narrow, hyaline band, and opposite this is a broader and shorter band; the apices are almost bare, and lighter coloured than the middle. The hind wings at the base bear a few long feather-Jike hairs; the apices shortly fringed. Ovipositor short, thick, testaceous. The scape may be entirely black or testaceous; and the number and position of the testaceous joints of the flagellum vary—sometimes it is the eighth to tenth, in other specimens the fourth to sixth. 2. Lutnes dromedarius. Niger; tarsis anterioribus terebraque testaceis, geniculis trochanteribusque posterioribus albidis ; alis fuscis, . albo fasciatis. Long. 5-6 millim., terebra 14 millim. Hab. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui 2500 to 4000 feet (Champion). Antenne of the length of the abdomen, thick, clavate at the apex, the last joint obliquely truncated, the joints not clearly separated, covered with a close, white down. Head, thorax, and apex of the abdomen alutaceous; rest of abdomen smooth, shining, glabrous; apex of the abdomen, head, and thorax covered with a close, white down ; mesopleura scarcely pilose; apex of abdomen on lower side covered with long white hair; the pronotum carries a tuft of long black hairs; legs covered with a microscopic pile. At the commencement of the ulna (but not touching it) is a curved band pro- ceeding in the direction of the apex of the wing; at the cubitus is a broader and shorter p>? cloud proceeding in the direction of the first. 8. Lutnes crassicornis. (Tab. VI. fig. 15, 2 .) Niger; tarsis anticis terebraque testaceis, femoribus posterioribus basi, coxarum posticis apice geniculisque posterioribus albis; alis fumatis, albo maculatis. Long. 6 millim., terebra fere 2 millim. Hab. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui 3000 to 4000 feet (Champion). The antenne, head, thorax, sides, and apex of abdomen are covered with a white _ pubescence, which is longest on the apex of the abdomen; the apex of the antenne LUTNES.—ASEIRBA. 127 and mesopleura almost glabrous; the pronotum bears a few long, stiff, bristle-like hairs; the pubescence on the mesonotum in front is fuscous. Head and thorax alutaceous, opaque. The mesopleura shining, finely punctured, and variegated with blue and green metallic tints. In front of the scutellum is a deep transverse furrow ; from this runs, along the outer side of the mesonotum, a curved carina to the prothorax, becoming united with the suture, which separates the latter from the mesonotum. Outside this is another carina which issues from the tegule, and which joins the prothorax on the side at the middle; and from the transverse furrow run two carine along the middle, which become obsolete before reaching the pronotum. The centre of the mesonotum is hollow, but not very deeply; in the centre of the hollow is an almost obsolete carina. 4. Lutnes longiventris. Niger ; coxarum posterioribus apice, trochanteribus posterioribus et basi tibiarum posticarum albis. Long. 5 millim. Hab. Panama, Bugaba 800 to 1500 feet (Champion). Scape of antenne broad, compressed to a sharp edge on lower side; flagellum stout, swelling gradually towards the apex; the apices of the third and the fourth joints obscure, white on the outside. Mesonotum flat, considerably depressed in the centre, the depressed part with an obscure blunt ridge in the middle. Head and thorax opaque, alutaceous, covered with a short pubescence. Abdomen smooth, shining at the base, the apex pilose and less shining; sheath of terebra nearly half the length of the abdomen. Spurs testaceous, the long one on the middle tibiz scarcely two thirds of the length of the basal joint of the tarsus; apices of the four posterior tarsi testaceous. Wings smoky; the base and apices, and a curved narrow fascia in the middle, hyaline. Comes nearest to L. crassicornis, but smaller; the centre of the mesonotum much more hollowed, the sheath of the ovipositor shorter and testaceous, the wings are lighter in tint, and the scape is much thicker and more compressed laterally. ASEIRBA. Antenne inserted in the middle of the face, 10-jointed, of nearly uniform thickness. Head broad, concave behind, convex in front. Eyes large, the head not projecting behind them; ocelli in a triangle. Front projecting a little between the antenne; there are no antennal grooves, nor are there sutures on the vertex. Prothorax small. Mesothorax large. Mesonotum without sutures; on the side, a little below, a carina runs straight from the pronotum nearly to the tegule, where it curves up and runs straight across the mesonotum to join a similar carina on other side. There is another carina behind it and in front of the scutellum, which is ovoid, broad at the 128 HYMENOPTERA. base, and becoming narrowed and rounded behind, the apex projecting a little over the metanotum. At the base of the metanotum and beneath the overhanging part of the scutellum is a transverse carina, and from near the centre of this runs on each side a curved keel to the side behind the posterior wings. The metathorax slopes down from the scutellum, so that the thorax is much higher than the abdomen. At the apex of the metathorax is a small round arc, separated from the following portion of the abdomen by a white membraneous space, like the “‘ blotch” of the Tenthredinide ; this no doubt representing the first abdominal segment, the abdomen being completely sessile. The segment behind it is very large and slightly rounded at the apex; the base being incised by the large semicircular blotch. The rest of the abdomen tapers towards the apex; it is a little longer than the basal portion, and bears no trace of being composed of more than one segment; on the lower side, laterally, it is deeply incised, and from the upper part projects the ovipositor. The ovipositor is nearly as long as the abdomen; it is straight, broad, compressed laterally, and resembles the sheath of the Tenthredinide. Legs stout, tibiz slightly compressed. Anterior and posterior spurs very minute, and seemingly single. Middle tibie with one large, stout spur, longer than the basal joint of the tarsus, and one short, stumpy one. Middle tarsi stout, thick, and setose on the lower side. There is no marginal branch in the wings; the cubitus is straight. The remarkable structure of the abdomen distinguishes this genus at once. 1. Aseirba caudata. (Tab. VI. fig. 13.) Nigro-cerulea; flagello antennarum caudaque nigris, pedibus sordide testaceis, coxis et femoribus posticis ceruleis, femoribus tibiisque anterioribus proparte fuscis; alis hyalinis, Long. (cum terebra) fere 4 millim. Hab. Guatemaa, Torola 1600 feet (Champion). The antenne are longer than the head and thorax together, very slightly thickened towards the middle, and covered with a fine pubescence ; the first joint of the flagellum is not much more than half the length of the succeeding, which is the longest; the others become gradually (and slightly) shorter, and the apex is attenuated. The head and mesonotum are semiopaque, and covered with a close, white, moderately long pubescence. ‘The sides of the pronotum and pleure are very minutely punctured. Abdomen smooth, shining, and sparsely pubescent; the ovipositor densely pilose, opaque ; the head is covered with round, widely separated punctures. All the tarsi, the tibiee at the apex, and the knees broadly, are dull testaceous; the anterior femora are for the most part fuscous, tinged with blue; the posterior femora are blue, except at the extreme base and apex; the coxe are bluish black ; the rest of the legs fuscous. The sides of the head and pronotum are blue; the rest of the head and thorax is black tinged with blue. ‘The scutellum and abdomen are coppery. EPISTENIA. 129 Subfam. PTEROMALINA. I use this name in the old sense as defined by Walker (List of Chalcide) and Brullé. EPISTENTIA. Epistenia, Westwood, in Griffith’s Animal Kingdom, Ins. ii. p. 482, t. 77. A widely distributed genus over the warmer regions of the globe. Lycisca, Spinola, does not apparently differ to any great extent from it. 1. Epistenia balteata. (Tab. VI. fig. 3,9; 3a, labium and labial palpi; mandible.) Cyaneo-viridis, nigro et purpureo maculata; pedibus rufis, coxis subtus femoribusque posterioribus subtus viridibus ; antennis nigris, scapo viridi; alis hyalinis, fusco maculatis. Long. 16-18 millim., cauda 5-6 millim., ¢12 millim. Hab. Guatemata, San Gerdnimo, Teleman, Panzos and El Reposo 800 feet. (Champion). - Antenne not much longer than the thorax; flagellum thick, becoming gradually thicker towards the apex; second joint scarcely shorter than the third, thinner than the latter, especially at the base, where it is more or less green; the following joints are much shorter, the fourth is a little longer than the fifth, the last is one half longer than the preceding. Head as broad as the thorax; face coarsely punctured; the vertex and the posterior region less strongly punctured; the antennal depression smooth, shining, impunctate. Face covered with a short, thick, white pubescence ; vertex with shorter black pubescence. Thorax coarsely rugose; the pleure and breast less strongly punctured. Scutellum rounded and projecting behind, and with a distinct margin. Four basal segments of abdomen finely punctured; cauda as long as the three preceding segments, pilose. Coxe punctured at the sides and beneath; the posterior pair with a broad depression at the side, the depression usually reddish or purplish in colour. The pronotum in the middle, the greater part of the mesonotum, the abdominal segments at the apex, and the cauda are more or less black or purplish black. The posterior femora either green or purplish beneath, and the tibie red, or more or less purplish. The wings are short, not much longer than the head, thorax, and basal segment of abdomen; at the base of the ulna, and touching the costa, is a fuscous mark, which is a little broader than long; at the termination of the cubitus there is a narrow curved fuscous line, which is continued nearly to the apex of the wing; at the lower part of the wing, opposite the ulna, is a fuscous cloud, narrow and long in shape. The male has the legs purple, through which the red appears in scattered small spots; on the inner side of the anterior femora are two irregular white spots. The coloration of the rest of the body in the male is pretty much as in the female; the marks on the fore wings are longer than in the female. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Hymenopt., December 1884. Ss Y) mA, 3A 130 HYMENOPTERA. 2. Epistenia maculipes. (Tab. VI. fig. 4,9; 4a, antenna; 44, fore leg; 4c, maxilla and maxillary palpus.) Nigro-viridis ; antennis nigris; pedibus rufis, coxis nigris, tibiis tarsisque posterioribus fuscis; alis hyalinis, fusco maculatis. Long. 9 millim. Hab. Panama, Bugaba (Champion). Head finely, thorax coarsely, punctured; pleure finely punctured, smooth and shining at the top. Antennal grooves less strongly punctured and less metallic than the vertex. Head and thorax closely covered with a paledown. Abdomen alutaceous, covered with a pale pubescence at the sides and apex. The apex of the pronotum, a stripe across the mesonotum at the tegule, the upperside of the pleure, and the sides of the metanotum are green. The legs are covered with a pale, longish pubescence. The coxe are punctured. The apices of the posterior tibie are not fuscous, the same parts of middle tibia paler; the hind femora are black at their apices laterally. All the parts of the legs tend to become more or less fuscous; the apices of the coxee, and the trochanters, are usually white. At the base and apex the abdomen is smooth and shining, the rest finely and closely punctured; the segmental divisions, however, being smooth and shining; the base and middle are dark blackish purple, the apex golden. The male does not differ in coloration. Differs from L. balteata in the thorax being much more closely and finely punctured, in the longer prothorax and metathorax, and much shorter ovipositor, the latter scarcely longer than the second segment, while in £. balteata it is nearly as long as the abdomen itself. The size of the fuscous fascie on the wings varies. 3. Epistenia rufipes. Viridis ; terebra flagelloque antennarum nigris, pedibus tegulisque rufis; alis subfumatis, nervis sordide testaceis. Long. 8 millim. Hab. Panama, Bugaba (Champion). Head and thorax coarsely punctured all over, the punctuation on face finer, the latter sparsely covered with longish white hairs. Prothorax short, subtransverse. Scutellum with a distinct border behind its apex; the border forming a tooth, which projects over the metanotum. Abdomen not much longer than head and thorax together ; the base, a narrow band in the middle, and the apical half blackish purple; the middle punc- tured, base and apex smooth, shining. Ovipositor but shortly projecting. AMOTURA. Antenne 10-jointed, situated not far from the mouth. Scape three fourths of the length of the flagellum, compressed and dilated at the apex, the dilated portion forming a broad knife-like keel. First jomt of flagellum cylindrical, longer than any of the AMOTURA. 131 others, nearly as long as the second and third together ; the joints thicker and shorter towards the apex, which is obliquely truncated; the penultimate joint not half the size of the preceding ; the apical apparently composed of two joints, and as long as the two preceding together; if composed of two there will be thus eleven joints in all. Antennal grooves deep; below each antenna there is a sharp, thin carina issuing from the outer border of the grooves. Eyes large, hairy; the head scarcely projecting behind them ; the two upper ocelli in a line, the lower ocellus at some distance below them. Prothorax small above, more strongly developed laterally; the sides straight, very slightly hollowed. Lateral sutures on mesonotum distinct. Scutellum large, broad in front, narrower behind, where there is a well-defined margin a little way down. Metathorax small; its spiracles large and oval. Second abdominal segment occupying nearly half of the entire extent of the ventral surface; third small, fourth double its length, fifth a little longer than fourth, and with a large round spiracle at its fore margin. The ovipositor extends beyond the tip of the abdomen, and originates quite close to the base. Four anterior tibize each with one large, stout, curved spur; posterior tibie with none. Posterior femora enlarged, toothed; posterior coxe large, thick, hollow in the centre on their outer sides; posterior tibie thick, curved. Claws simple. Costal branch of fore wings one third of the length of the ulna. In the form of the head, antenne, and thorax this genus does not differ much from Epistenia, but it differs from it markedly in the structure of the ovipositor and in the very different posterior legs. 1. Amotura annulicornis. (Tab. VI. fig. 6,9; 6a, hind leg; 68, maxilla and maxillary palpus; 6 ¢, labrum and labial palpi from beneath.) Viridis, cupreo tincta ; flagello antennarum, tibiis tarsisque nigro-purpureis; antennarum medio, tibiis tarso- rumque basi albidis ; alis hyalinis, medio infumatis. Long. fere 7 millim. Hab. Nicaragua, Chontales (Janson). The antenne gradually thickened towards the apex; the flagellum about one third longer than the scape. Head coarsely punctured, especially between the antenne; the antennal grooves very finely punctured; in front and at the sides the head is covered with long white pubescence. The mesonotum with the scutellum coarsely punctured. Pronotum less coarsely punctured. Mesopleure finely punctured above, behind (broadly) smooth, shining, impunctate. The breast very finely and irregularly punctured. The metanotum irregularly punctured. Metapleure coarsely punctured. The abdomen smooth, shining, impunctate. The mesonotum and pleure marked with golden or coppery splashes; the abdomen above purple. Pleura, cox, and sides of abdomen covered with longish white hairs. On the anterior tibie the white is scarcely visible, on the middle pair it is much broader; on the hinder pair the extreme base is black, followed by a moderately broad white ring. The metatarsus and the next joint are white in all the tarsi. The posterior coxee are very finely punc- ss 2 132 HYMENOPTERA. tured, except the hollow in the centre on the outside, which is very faintly striated. On the underside the posterior femora are closely beset with teeth all over. The smoky fascia on the wings is placed upon the cubitus, where it is narrow, but becomes much broader and more diffused towards the sides. The costa is covered with long, black hairs. LELAPS. Lelaps, Haliday, Trans. Ent. Soc. iii. p. 292; Walker, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1862, p. 389. A species of this genus is known from the Galapagos Islands, another from St. Vincent Isle [West Indies], and some have been described from Brazil. 1. Lelaps albipes. (Tab. VI. fig. 8, 2.) Cuprea; abdomine nigro; antennis nigris, albo cinctis; pedibus albidis, femorum medio fusco; terebra rufa, apice nigro; alis hyalinis, fusco maculatis. Long. fere 7 millim. (cum ‘erebra). Hab. Panama, Bugaba (Champion). Antenne as long as the thorax and abdomen, shortly and densely pilose, gradually thickened towards the apex; second joint about one half of the length of the fourth, third nearly as long as the fourth and fifth together, fourth a little longer than the fifth, which is longer than the sixth, eighth shorter than the seventh and longer than ninth ; tenth a very little longer than following, last longer than eleventh; scape beneath, the three apical joints, the apex of the third, and the base of the fourth white. Head finely striated ; front and face carinated; clypeus smooth, shining, not striated; on the top are some (seven or eight) long, stiff, black hairs. Ocelli in a curve. Eyes large, oval. Prothorax finely striated, the sides rounded; pleure smooth, shining, striated behind above. Mesonotum in front of the wings transversely and finely rugose striate, behind them longitudinally striated. Scutellum flat; behind it is a suture which goes right across; a little behind this is another transverse carina; the part immediately in front of this is smooth and shining ; before this smooth part the surface is coarsely reticulated, as is also the rest of the metathorax. Behind the second trans- verse carina, and in the centre, there is a raised semioval carina, and the field which it encloses has a carina in the middle. The pleure are smooth and shining immediately below the wings and over the middle legs; the rest, and the sternum, finely and closely punctured. The petiole is short, ringed in the centre, the ring reticulated, very. finely striated at the apex, and curved beneath. The pronotum has a few long, stiff hairs, and there are three rows (of three or foureach) of hairs on the mesonotum. Abdomen smooth, shining; third segment with two or three long, stiff hairs; apex beneath pilose; second segment above scarcely so long as the succeeding together. Terebra longer than the abdomen, pilose. Posterior coxe finely and transversely striated behind; their extreme bases black ; middle coxm, the apices excepted, black. The costa at base bears long, LELAPS. 133 stiff hairs, the rest pilose. The centre of the fore wings is broadly fuscous, and this fuscous band bifurcates beyond the cubitus into two, both of which touch the edge of the wing, one at either side. Before the point where the band splits the wing is white. 2. Lelaps ferruginea. (Tab. VI. fig. 7, 2; 7a, antenna.) Ferruginea ; antennarum articulis 7°-9™ nigris, coxis anticis et posticis genubusque albidis, tarsis pallidis; alis fumatis, albo maculatis. ‘Long. 7 millim. Hab. Panama, Bugaba 800 to 1500 feet (Champion). Antenne as long as the fore wings, becoming gradually thicker towards the apex, shortly and closely pilose; second joint about one third of the length of third, which © is a little longer than the fourth and fifth together; the fifth is a little shorter than the fourth; sixth shorter than fifth, and longer than seventh; seventh and eighth subequal; ninth shorter than eighth and longer than tenth, which is as long as the eleventh ; twelfth shorter than the preceding joint, from which it can scarcely be distin- guished, so closely are they united. Head rugosely striated; face below the antenne smooth, shining, very slightly projecting. Thorax above rugose, transversely striated before the wings, longitudinally striated behind them. Pleure beneath and sternum striated. Metanotum coarsely reticulated. Behind the border of the scutellum is a waved carina enclosing a reticulated space; behind this again is a straight carina, which encloses a smooth space; behind this again is a curved raised carina, which projects in the centre, and from this runs a carina down the middle of the metanotum to the apex; a short carina runs to the second transverse carina, dividing the field into two parts. Petiole short, thick, ringed in the centre, behind the ring reticulated, before it smooth, shining. Abdomen smooth, shining, blackish in the middle, the apex acute; terebra very shortly projecting. The face has a whitish pubescence, and on the vertex are some long, stiff, black hairs; there are also some long, stiff, black hairs on the pronotum, and in front of the wings on the mesonotum, and one or two on the third, fourth, and fifth abdominal segments. The hind coxe are striated behind; the four anterior trochanters are blackish; the anterior femora (especially) and the tibiz are suffused with black ; the tibiee and tarsi are closely pilose. The bases of the fore wings are fuscous; at the base of the ulna is a narrow fuscous cloud; behind the cubitus they are fuscous, but between this and the above-mentioned narrow cloud they are white, the wide part being much wider at the costa than at the middle; in front of the cubitus is a broad white band, succeeded by a faint fuscous cloud, which extends to the apex; the posterior wings are hyaline; the base of the costa bears a few stiff hairs. 3. Lelaps tibialis. Sordide ferruginea; antennarum apice, coxis anticis et posticis abdominisque apice albidis; tarsis pallidis, trochanteribus anterioribus et tibiarum posticarum dimidio apicali nigris; alis fuscis. albo maculatis. Long. 4 millim. 134 HYMENOPTERA. Hab. Panama, Bugaba 800 to 1500 feet (Champion). Antenne short, thick, becoming gradually thicker towards the apex, almost glabrous ; second joint as long as the fourth; third as long as the fourth and fifth together, these with the sixth subequal ; seventh a little shorter ; ninth longer than the eighth or tenth ; last shorter than the preceding joint, and not clearly separated from it; the scape reddish, the flagellum dark ferruginous, becoming lighter in tint towards the apex. Head a little broader than the thorax, finely rugose; thorax above finely and closely rugose ; pronotum margined behind, broadly rounded and projecting behind, narrower in front, and separated from the mesonotum by a ridge. Scutellum rounded behind, a little projecting, the sides in front hollowed and striated. Mesonotum reticulated, the transverse carina produced into a sharp spine in the middle. Pleure striated. Petiole much longer than broad, about one half of the length of the posterior cox ; a distinct ring at the basal third. Abdomen smooth, shining, ovate, the apex acute, not forming a “cauda;” second segment longer than all the others together; the middle segments more or less blackish ; ovipositor scarcely projecting, the tip black. There are some bristles on the head, pronotum, and mesonotum; the head and meso- notum covered with a white depressed pile. The wings at the base are irregularly clouded at the commencement of the ulna, there is a cloud at the cubitus and a smaller one on the opposite side, and the apex is hyaline, the rest fuscous. PRIONOPELMA. Prionopelma, Westwood, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1835, p. 51. With the exception of one from Zululand all the recorded species of this genus are from South America. 1. Prionopelma pilipes. (Tab. VI. fig. 5,9; 5a, labium and labial palpi; 5 4, maxilla.) Viridis; antennis, tibiis, tarsis terebraque nigris; terebra quam corpus duplo longiore. Long. 11 millim., terebra 24 millim. Hab. Nicaracua, Chontales (Janson). Antenne nearly as long as the body; the scape sharply compressed on the lower side, curved, and with a short pedicel as long as the third joint at the base; the second joint is twice as long as broad, narrow at the base, becoming gradually thicker towards the apex, which is obliquely truncated ; third joint longer than the fourth, which is. much longer than the fifth; the rest get gradually shorter; the last conical, oblique; the basal joints are compressed, the apical less so, but still not cylindrical. The face is covered with white pubescence ; the front below the antenne depressed, hollow. The head, mesonotum, pleure in front, and breast finely punctured. Meso- pleure shining, obscurely striated, this portion being separated from the rest by a groove, which originates near the tegule, goes round in front, curves round and EUPERILAMPUS. 135 proceeds above the sternum to the middle coxe. The mesonotum has a scattered fuscous pubescence; the breast with shorter, closer, and paler pubescence; the coxee (especially the posterior) on the lower side with dense long woolly hair; the rest of the legs bear a short scattered pale pubescence. The femora are green on the outside, internally violet-black ; the anterior tarsi fuscous. The head and thorax are marked with violet and purple tints. Notrt.—The following subfamily has been omitted from its place. It should have followed the genus Orasema on p. 105 :— Subfam. PERILAMPINA. This is a group of small extent, but has representatives in most parts of the world— in America, Europe, in the Oriental Region, in South Africa, and Australia. EUPERILAMPUS. Euperilampus, Walker, Notes on Chalcide, p. 67. This genus only differs from Perilampus in the “scutellum extending hindward and forming a long stout spine,” while the scutellum of Perilampus is not elongated. It contains at present only one species. 1. Euperilampus gloriosus. Pertlampus gloriosus, Walker, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1862, p. 3757. Hab. Mexico}. Fam. ICHNEUMONIDA. The species of this large family have been very little collected or studied beyond Europe and North America. The exotic species have been altogether neglected, and if they are as numerously represented in the warmer regions of the globe as they are in the temperate an immense amount of work has yet to be done before our knowledge of the tropical Ichneumonide will be on a level with what is known of the European or North-American forms. Our present systems of classification have been based entirely on European species, So far as the division of the species into families is concerned the systems of Wesmael and Holmgren appear to be natural enough, and it is generally possible to place the tropical species in them without rearranging the definitions given by the above-mentioned authors; but, so far as my experience goes, the definitions of the subgroups are quite inadequate. For example, the Ichneumonides Oxypygi, and Ichneumonides Amblypygi, of Wesmael are suitable enough for European species; but we find so many gradations in the form of the abdomen among the Central-American species that it becomes impossible to say whether a particular species is referable to the first or the second 136 HYMENOPTERA. of these groups. I have therefore not adopted any divisions of lower than sub- family rank. Subfam. JCHNEUMONIDA. This subfamily has been divided into four subgroups by the Belgian entomologist. Wesmael *—into the Ichneumonides Oxypygi, the Ichneumonides Amblypygi, the Ichneumonides Platyuri, and the Ichneumonides Pneustici. So far as lam aware no representative of the last group has been discovered in our range. The other three are represented; but I have come to the conclusion that there is no absolute: distinction between them, the characters on which they are founded merging into each other completely. And it is equally difficult to find characters to distinguish the genera Ichneumon, Hoplismenus, Amblyteles, and Trogus. We find great variation in all the parts of the body on which these genera have been based—in the antenne, the head, the thorax and its scutellum, and the abdomen. There are, for example, all grada- tions from a flat scutellum up to one which is strongly dentiform and spinose. Cresson (Proc. Acad. Phil. 1873, p. 105) has come to the same conclusion, that it is impossible to define clearly a Hoplismenus from an Ichneumon (sensu str.). The genus [chneumon, as here used, is practically equivalent to the Ichneumonides Oxypygi, and Ichneumonides. Amblypygi, of European writers. PATROCLUS. Patroclus, Cresson, Proc. Acad. Phil. 1878, p. 104. ° Cresson regards this as a subgenus of Jchnewmon (as above defined); but the pecti- nate claws furnish such a good mark of distinction that it seems to me, especially seeing the difficulty there is experienced in differentiating Ichneumon, that it may well. be raised to generic rank. | ——- 1. Patroclus nigroceruleus. (Tab. VII. fig. 1, ¢ .) Ichneumon (Patroclus) nigroceruleus, Cresson, Proc. Acad. Phil. 1878, p. 104’. Hab. Mexico, Orizaba!; Guaremaia, Zapote, Las Mercedes 3000 feet, summit of Volcan de Agua 12,400 feet (Champion). ~~~ 9, Patroclus lectus. Ichneumon lectus, Cresson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soe. ii. p.18 [¢ & ?]?. Hab. Mexico, Orizaba 1. —— 8. Patroclus toltecus. Ichneumon toltecus, Cresson, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. ii. p.17 [¢ & 2]’. Hab. Mexico, Orizaba 1. * Tent. Disposit. Method. Ichneumon. Belgii, p. 11. ICHNEUMON. 137 ICHNEUMON. Ichneumon, Linnzeus, Syst. Nat. ed. i. (1735); Wesmael, Nouv. Mém. Ac. Brux. 1844, p. 18. Hoplismenus, Wesmael, 1. c. p. 18. The arrangement of the species of this genus is a work of great difficulty, and indeed cannot be effected in a satisfactory manner until a much larger number of species have been brought together for study. As already remarked, though we find great variation in the structure of the antenne, thorax, and abdomen, yet these peculiarities merge gradually together, and thus the task of splitting up the genus into more or less clearly defined sections cannot be carried out as one would wish. Another difficulty lies in the fact that very many species are only known as males; and these, as a rule, do not afford such good characters for specific discrimination as do the females. Cresson experienced the same difficulty when dealing with the Mexican species *, and my task of systematically grouping thei has been greatly increased by my having seen very few of this author’s species. Under thesé circumstances I have thought it best to follow Cresson’s arrangement, interpolatitig the. numerous new species near those of this author to which, from the destriptions, I- -judged: them to be most nearly related. Ichneumon isa genus of world-wide ‘distribution, and already contains several hundred species. Seutellum: sf " subcdnvec, 01 or conven. 1. Ichneumon castor, 9. “Sex JVs ‘tae, a i3y Niger ; tibiis tarsisque fuscis; alis brunneis, stigmaterfusco. 2. Long. 22 millim. Hab. Costa Rica, Volcan de Irazu, 6000 to” 7000 feet (Rogers). Body covered with a short close fuscons' ‘pubescence. “Antenne as long as the abdomen and half the thorax, stout, a little flattened towards the apex, which is -fuscous black. Head covered with large, but not very deep, punctures ; clypeal fovew large, deep; vertex raised in the centre, and separated from the eyes by a wide and deep depression, which is transversely reticulated ; eyes clearly margined ; an indistinct transverse furrow over the clypeal region. Thorax, strongly and closely punctured ; pleurse longitudinally striated, the striations strongest on the lower halves. Scutellum not very much raised above the mesonotum, the centre. flattish, broader at the base than at the apex, longer than broad, strongly punctured, the punctures running into each other and forming irregular reticulations. Postscutellum rugose. Upper median area of metanotum a little longer than broad, a little narrower towards the apex, closely rugose ; all the are defined, reticulated; tubercles blunt ; the apex with a semiper- pendicular slope, straight, the middle not much hollowed. Petiole as long as, if not longer than, second segment, smooth, shining, keeled; the sides with broad perpen- * Of, Proc. Acad. Phil. 1873, p. 105. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Hymenopt., December 1884. TT 138 HYMENOPTERA. dicular keels all over. Postpetiole raised in the middle, finely punctured, the apex of the depressed sides more strongly punctured; the base shining, with some scattered, large punctures. Abdomen finely and closely punctured, opaque, the apex acute, narrower at the second segment ; gastrocceli large, deep, wider than long, the bottom reticulated, the sides very finely punctured. Legs long, covered with a dense fuscous pubescence ; the tarsi bear some stiff bristles. Areolet angled, broad at the top, half the width at the bottom. Differs from J. pollux in its fuscous wings, stigma, and tarsi; in the abdomen being narrower; in the upper median area of metanotum being broader than long, and not narrowed at the apex. 2. Ichneumon pollux. Purpureus ; antennis nigris ; alis atro-violaceis. 9. Long. 26 millim. Hab. Mexico, Orizaba (Bilimek). Body very finely and closely punctured, semiopaque, velvety, covered with a close black pubescence. Scutellum not much elevated above the mesonotum, coarsely and closely punctured, narrower at the apex. Upper median area in metanotum longer than broad, the sides narrower and curved from where the lateral carine are received ; the other areas clearly defined. Petiole smooth and shining, the apex depressed in the centre ; postpetiole closely and rather strongly punctured. Abdomen broad in the centre, narrower at the base, more sharply pointed at the apex, the contraction being gradual from the middle; gastrocceli broader than long, large, not very deep, irregu- larly reticulated in the centre. Areolet 5-angled, broad at the top, half the width at the bottom. The deep purplish-black, semiopaque, very finely and closely punctured, and velvety body of this species separates it from its allies. 3. Ichneumon costaricensis. (Tab. VII. fig. 3.) Hab. Costa Rica, Volcan de Irazu 6000 to 7000 feet (Rogers). In coloration this species differs from the preceding merely in the body being of a - much brighter bluish tint, this being especially neticeable on the abdomen, which is more shining ; it is a more slender and narrower insect; the punctuation is closer ; the scutellum is broader, and not so much narrowed behind. The upper median area of metanotum is a little broader than long, and is not at all narrowed behind; the boundaries of the lower area are much more clearly indicated. The postscutellum is higher and with a much more distinct slope towards the second segment, and more closely and finely punctured than the scutellum. The gastrocceli are deeper and more shining, and the abdomen is narrower. There is no perceptible difference between the wings of the two. ICHNEUMON. 139 The male has the inner orbits of the eyes from the clypeal fovee, and the anterior knees, tibize, and tarsi, and the greater part of the middle tibie [all in front] yellowish white. 4. Ichneumon astarte. (Tab. VII. fig. 5.) Niger; medio antennarum late, palpis, tibiis tarsisque rufo-testaceis, orbitis oculorum flavis ; apice tibiaruam posticarum nigro; alis fuscis, stigmate testaceo. ¢. Long. 23 millim. Hab. Guatemata, Sabo in Vera Paz (Champion). Finely and closely punctured all over, semiopaque ; the punctuation on the pleure, if anything, closer and stronger. Head not buccate, slightly excavated above the antenne; eyes projecting, reaching to the top of vertex. Scutellum elevated, the disc flat, retreating gradually to the postscutellum; a deep hollow at its base, this hollow having a distinct border with a carina on its upper part, and which extends to the pronotum past the tegule. Postscutellum projecting. The metanotum slopes very gradually to the lateral spines, then it has a more abrupt slope to the base of the abdomen. Metathoracic areas subobsolete, lateral spines blunt. Basal three fourths of petiole shining, hollow in the middle, and with shallow punctures on the basal half, the rest shagreened; at the point where the apex bends there is, on either side, an obscure tubercle. The edges of the second and third segments are piceous. Coxe strongly, femora obscurely punctured ; apices of trochanters piceous. Gastrocceli large, deep, broader than long, coarsely punctured at the edges, more finely punctured in the middle. The apices of the tarsi incline to piceous. Areolet 5-angled, much longer than broad. 5. Ichneumon semiobscurus. Niger, punctulatus, opacus; palpis, geniculis, tibiis tarsisque luteis ; alis fumatis. Long. 16 millim. Hab. GuatEMaLa, Quezaltenango 7800 feet (Champion). Head, thorax, and coxe pilose; closely punctured all over. Abdomen less strongly punctured than thorax, but the punctures are closer, especially on the basal half Scutellum subconical, acute at apex, carinate at the sides, and with a large depressior. at the base. Petiole shining, almost impunctate in the middle above, the centre raised and separated from the sides by an indistinct furrow ; somewhat suddenly dilated at the apex, which is broad and a little curved. Gastrocceli large, deep, obscurely striated; the segments distinctly separated from each other. Metathorax gradually sloping behind. The wings are not altogether smoky, being suffused with small hyaline spaces ; areolet moderately large, narrow above, the lateral nervures almost touching at the apex; nervures black. Below the antenne there is, on each side, an obscure yellowish line touching the eyes. The labrum is piceous. TT 2 140 HYMENOPTERA. 6. Ichneumon bilimeki. (Tab. VII. fig. 6.) Niger; geniculis anterioribus, tibiis tarsisque flavo-testaceis, apice tibiarum posticarum nigris ; alis flavo- fumatis, stigmate nervisque flavis. ¢. Long. 15 millim. Hab. Mexico (Bilimek). Antenne nearly as long as the thorax and abdomen together, stout, covered with a short close pile. Head closely and strongly punctured, the face not projecting, covered with a longish pubescence. Thorax closely and strongly punctured, semiopaque ; the pleure more shining, and longitudinally striated in the middle. Scutellum flattish, not much raised above the mesonotum, and punctured like it. All the areas on metanotum . distinct; the supramedian not much broader than long, the sides curved. All the thorax covered (but especially the disc) with a close pile. Petiole closely aciculated, more strongly and still more closely at the apex ; the sides bordered. Gastrocceli longer than broad, deep, striated irregularly; the rest of abdomen closely punctured through- out, opaque, and covered with a close pile. Posterior coxe strongly punctured, the four anterior coxe less strongly so; trochanters finely, femora obscurely, punctured. Areolet 5-angled, the lower part sharply angled; the upper sides narrowed above. The apex of the wing is not so yellow in colour as the rest, the smoky tint there being quite noticeable. On the face, touching the eyes, there are two small yellow spots. Closely allied to J. semiobscurus, but differing from it in the yellowish wings, stigma, and nervures, by the postpetiole not being so distinctly raised in the centre, and by the areolet being wider at the top. 7. Ichneumon chiriquensis. Niger; antennis, tegulis, tibiis, femoribus tarsisque anterioribus sordide testaceis; alis hyalinis, stigmate et costa testaceis, nervis fuscis. ¢. Long. 14 millim. Hab. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui 4000 to 5000 feet (Champion). Head and thorax covered with a dense fuscous pubescence, which is especially long on the breast, and marked with shallow punctures, which are all clearly separated ; the mesopleuree smooth, shining, impunctate. Head excavated above the antenne, not buccate; with a suture running down from the front ocellus. Scutellum rounded, not much elevated, longer than broad, rounded at the base and apex; shining, the disc bearing scattered punctures, the sides with a few longitudinal striations. Postscutellum aciculated, the scutum on either side of it largely depressed, shining, obscurely acicu- lated. Metathorax opaque, transversely striated all over; the areas entirely obliterated. Petiole broad, the base not much narrower than the apex; basal half smooth and shining, depressed in the middle; apical portion also depressed in the middle, and with a blunt tubercle on each side at the part where it unites with the smooth basal half; apical half aciculated, covered with large punctures, except the extreme apex, which is smooth, shining, and a little raised above the next segment, especially in the middle, ICHNEUMON. 141 there being a depression on either side. The remaining segments convex, punctured, the punctuation becoming fainter, and the punctures wider apart as the blunt apex is reached. Gastrocceli distinct, broad, deep; extending upwards from the side at the extreme base, then proceeding obliquely downwards to near the middle, then becoming very shallow, and projecting upwards again as a wide shallow depression. At the base of the third segment is an oblique depression, and there is also a shallower one at the apex, extending from the side nearly to the centre above. The apical segment (the eighth) is scarcely half the length of the seventh ; its sides incised ; cerci long, pilose. Legs stout, but not very long; posterior coxe with a hollow at their apices behind, the sides of the hollow being margined. The anterior femora are scarcely testaceous behind ; the tibiz and tarsi are more or less testaceous behind as well as in front ; the middle tibiz incline to piceous, as do also the sides of the petiole at the apex. The antenne are as long as the body. Areolet sharply triangular above. 8. Ichneumon bellatulus. (Tab. VII. fig. 7.) Niger ; orbitis oculorum, facie (medio excepto), pronoti laterali, tegulis, scutello, postscutello, maculis 2 meta- noti, abdominis segmentis 1° et 2° cingulo apice, tibiis anterioribus, posticis (apice excepto) tarsorumque basi albis ; alis hyalinis, stigmate sordide testaceo, nervis nigro-fuscis. ¢. Long. 13 millim. Hab. Mexico (Bilimek, 2%); Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui 4000 to 5000 feet (Cham- pion). Covered nearly all over with large (comparatively) clearly separated punctures, and with a longish fuscous or griseous pubescence. The orbits of the eyes are broadly white all round, but broadest in front ; the face below the antenne is white, except a broad black line which runs from the antenne to the mouth; there is also a small white mark on the mandibles, which are punctured. The excavation above the antenne is, as usual, smooth and shining; the front projects, especially immediately below the antenne, the projection forming almost a blunt keel in the centre. The collar is aciculated, and there is a broad white line on its middle, this line being broader than the line along the side. Scutellum with a few large punctures above; the sides obscurely keeled above ; laterally it has a gradual slope, which is striolated irregularly ; the slope behind is smooth, shining, impunctate. Centre of metanotum at the base almost impunctate ; areas obsolete, the sides covered with a long griseous pubescence ; the white marks at the sides are longer than broad, rounded at the apex, the base curved inwardly so that the sides project. Petiole at the base and middle smooth, shining, impunctate; apex covered with punctures. Grastrocceli transverse, the base striolated, apex aciculated. ‘The white band on the first abdominal segment is of nearly equal length ; that on the second is nearly double the width of the first band at the sides ; in the middle it is interrupted, and much contracted at the apex. The extreme apices of all the segments are impunctate, shining, the rest punctured and covered with a black pile. The legs are covered with a pale pubescence, which is especially long on the 142 HYMENOPTERA. coxe. The coxe and femora are punctured; on the posterior coxe, behind, is a large white mark, longer than broad. Wings shorter than the thorax and abdomen together, _ faintly fuscous in tint; areolet 5-angled. | A female, apparently of this species, from Orizaba, has a broad white ring on the middle of antennz, the white marks on the metanotum are united above, the upper united portion projecting above the sides; otherwise coloured as in the male. 9. Ichneumon oppilatus. Niger; facie, scapo antennarum subtus, linea pronoti, scutello, maculis 2 metanoti, abdominis segmentis marginalibus, geniculis tibiisque proparte flavis ; alis hyalinis, stigmate testaceo. Long. 13 millim. Hab. Mezxico, Orizaba (Bilimek). Antenne stout, the joints longer than broad. Head covered with a silvery white . pubescence ; front excavated, punctured ; the inner orbits of the eyes are yellow to the ocelli, the outer orbits yellow in the middle ; mandibles and palpi yellow, the tips of the former brownish. Thorax covered with a silvery white pubescence, coarsely punctured, the punctures running into striations on the pleure. Scutellum but slightly elevated. Metanotum hollow in the centre, the upper area open at apex, the other areas not defined. Petiole bordered at the sides, aciculated, the postpetiole strongly striated longitudinally. Abdomen closely punctured all over, the apex blunt; the second segment broadly yellow at the base, third with a narrow band contracted in the middle ; the apices of the other segments bordered with yellow. The basal half of anterior femora, anterior tibie entirely in front, more than the basal half of four posterior tibie, the anterior coxe at the apex, and all the spurs yellow. There is a small yellow roundish mark on the mesopleure, and the tubercle beneath the tegule is also yellow. Areolet 5-angular, the lateral nervures converging above, but not closely. Differs from J. bellatulus in its strongly striated, totally black postpetiole, black tegule, yellow spurs, more strongly punctured metanotum, and by every one of the abdominal segments being bordered with yellow. C—~ 10. Ichneumon meridionalis. (Tab. VII. fig. 2.) Ichneumon meridionalis, Cresson, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil. iv. p.12; Proc. Acad. Phil. 1878, p. 111°. Hab. Mexico!, Orizaba, Mirador; Guatemaza, San Gerénimo (Champion) ; NICARAGUA, Chontales (Janson); Costa Rica, Cache (Rogers); Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui 2000 to 3000 feet (Champion).—West InpiEs, Cusa 11. Ichneumon pterelas. (Tab. VII. fig. 4.) Niger; abdomine (basi excepta) rufo; flagello antennarum annulo flavo; alis flavo-fumatis, nervis cum stigmate flavis. 9°. Long. 13-15 millim. Hab. Mexico, Orizaba (Bilimeh). ICHNEUMON. 143 Head and thorax coarsely punctured, opaque or semiopaque, covered with a close pubescence. Head much excavated above the antenne, face not much projecting, apices “ of mandibles ferruginous. Scutellum scarcely raised above the mesonotum, the sides indistinctly bordered. Metathoracic areas distinctly defined, supramedian a little longer than broad, the sides nearly straight. Petiole broad at apex, its sides depressed, above longitudinally striated, the raised central part bordered, finely longitudinally striated. Apex of abdomen acute. Legs stout; the anterior tibie and tarsi obscure ferruginous in front. Areolet 5-angled, the sides a little converging above. In some specimens the apex of the petiole is rufous. The coloration of the body is the same as in F. meridionalis; but it is easily distinguished from that species by the yellowish wings, with the areolet converging above; and it is also a stouter insect. 12. Ichneumon decemmaculatus. Niger; facie, palpis, orbitis, linea pronoti, maculis 10 thoracis, pleuris, sterno, coxis, trochanteribus anteri- oribus posticisque subtus albis; femoribus posticis subtus abdominisque rufis; pedibus anterioribus subtus flavis; alis hyalinis, nervis et stigmate nigris. ¢. Long. 20 millim. Hab. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui 4000 to 6000 feet (Champion). Smooth, shining, punctured, the punctures on the head and mesonotum distinctly separated ; base of metanotum opaque, finely rugose, the apex more shining and more strongly punctured. ‘The upper metathoracic areas obsolete, the lateral not very clearly defined. Postpetiole strongly rugose, the rest of abdomen finely punctured, semirugose. Gastroceeli large, deep, aciculate. On the head, the part above and behind the antenne is black; the rest, including the mandibles (except their apices, which are black), being white. Clypeal fovez large, front broadly but not acutely projecting, a furrow on either side of the projection. On the thorax, the sternum, the lower part of the mesopleura, a line on the pronotum, the tubercles beneath the tegule, two small marks in centre of mesonotum, the apical three fourths of the scutellum, the postscutellum, two small marks at base of metanotum, one beneath the hind wings, a larger one on the metapleure over the cox, and two roundish ones at apex of meta- notum, close to the sides, white. The four anterior legs are yellowish white beneath ; above they are broadly lined with black; the apical joints of the tarsi are entirely black; the anterior legs are entirely black, except a large mark on the underside of the coxee and a mark on their base behind, which are yellow; the greater part of the femora beneath and the tibie beneath in the middle are reddish. The apex of the petiole and of the postpetiole is black. Areolet 4-angled, the top triangular. Antenne longish, the scape yellow beneath. 13. Ichneumon argentipilosis. Nate bielyerwrenw tT Heevio. Niger; facie, palpis, orbitis oculorum, flagello antennarum annulo, linea pronoti,'maculis 2 mesonoti, margi- 144 HYMENOPTERA. nibus scutelli coxisque anterioribus flavis; pedibus abdomineque rufis, petiolo supra nigro; alis hyalinis, nervis nigris, stigmate fusco-testaceo. 9. do sterno flavo. Long. 18-21 millim. Hab. Guatemaa, Purula (Champion); Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui 2000 to 3000 feet (Champion). . Smooth, shining, the face bearing some large shallow punctures ; metanotum rugose ; the pleure and metanotum densely covered with silvery pubescence; postpetiole punctured ; abdomen aciculate, not so shining as the mesonotum. Head large, cheeks well developed, eyes projecting, clypeal foveee large. The head is black only above and behind the antenne, the orbits are yellow all round. Mandibles yellow, black at the apex. The margin of the prothorax is broadly yellow; the prosternum is also yellow; below the tegule is the usually yellow tubercle; the two spots on the meso- notum are small; the scutellum flat, bearing a few punctures, and lined with yellow, except at the base. Areas on metanotum indistinct, without tubercles, the middle behind excavated. Abdomen elongate, the apex acute; gastrocceli shallow, finely aciculate. Sheath of the ovipositor blackish. Antenne thickened towards the apex and slightly flattened, semi-involute. Areolet 5-angled, broad above, the upper part not much narrower than the lower. The antennz in the male are much longer and thinner than in the female, the basal joints being much longer. This species is very closely allied to L. mexicanus, but is, I believe, distinct from it, I. mexicanus having the “ pectus and pleure beneath” white in both sexes, and on the mesonotum, instead of the two spots in the centre found in the present species, there is. a thin line at the side close to the tegule. There is also in J. mexicanus a black spot. on the hind cox, and the scape in the male has the basal joint beneath yellow; but two males of what I consider to be J. argentipilosis have these latter peculiarities. ——~—~—~ 14, Ichneumon mexicanus. dantay wy ri Le 7 awry Ichneumon mexicanus, Cresson, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. ii. p. 2 edt cad. Phil. 1873, p. 111. 3°. Hab. Mexico, Cordova, Orizaba, Mirador 1. 15. Ichneumon suffultus. é hah ® ‘