A, JIL BIOLOGIA CENTRALI-AMERICANA. INSECTA. RHYNCHOTA. HEMIPTERA-HOMOPTERA. Vou. I. BY " . W. L. DISTANT, F.ES., AND Tue Rev. Canon W. W. FOWLER, F.LS. 1881-1905. INTRODUCTION List or Prates . CONTENTS. Errata ET CoRRIGENDA CicapIp& Futegoripz& . SupPLEMENT To THE CicaDIDz AND Fu.tcoripz. By W. L. Distant and W. W. Fow.er Fiatip2 . Dersipz . Crxupz . ACHILIDE Issip DELPHACID® . a ‘I By W. L. Distant "S By W. W. Fowzer . -J APPENDIX To THE CicaDIpzZ. By W. L. Distant APPENDIX TO THE FuLtcoripz. By W. L. Distant APPENDIX TO THE Fratipz. By W. W. Fow.er . PuatEs, Lo INTRODUCTION. | Tuis Volume is devoted to the enumeration of eight families of Homoptera—the Cicadide, Fulgoride, Flatide, Derbide, Cixiide, Achilide, Isside, and Delphacide ; the first two have been dealt with by Mr. W. L. Distant and the remainder by Canon Fowler. Altogether 323 species are enumerated, of which 208 are treated as new, with twenty-five new genera. The other families of Homoptera are reserved for Vol. II. of this series, and considerable progress has already been made with them. The Index to the two volumes will be given at the end of Vol. II. Of the thirteen coloured Plates accompanying Vol. I., six have been drawn by Mr. Purkiss and the remainder by Mr. Wilson. In the Appendix, four species are illustrated in the text. Ep. March 1904, LIST OF PLATES. Plate, Fig. | Page. Plate. Fig. | Page, CicaDID &, Carineta cestiva .........¢. 0. eee IV. 3] 20 | Zammara smaragdina.............. I, 1 3 VEINA ... eee eee eee ee eee IV. 2}; 20 calochroma ...-............ I. 5 3 || ——trivittata .................. II. 13 | 20 Odopcea montezuma .............. Ii, 5 4 || ——cimara ............ cece eee III. 11 | 20 —— iImbellis ................068- I. 3 4 iIndecora ...... ce eee eee eee Il. 18 | 21 — BULECA ce eee ee eee eee I. 4 4 || —— marginella.................. II. 16} 21 signoreti 2... .. ee eee eee ee I. 10 5 || ——lugubrina .................. II. 19; 21 dirlangani ..............06-. III. 10 5 . Tettigades mexicana .............. II. 9 6 F Cicada transversa ................ IL. | 1 7 ULGORTD 22. OINEA.. .. eee eee IIT. 3 7 || Laternaria servillel........ cece eee Vv. 1 | 2% Dicosta ....... eee ee eee eee ITI. 1 7 || Phrictus diadema, var. ............ IV. 5 | 24 TUGIS 2... 2. ee eee ee eee ee II. 20; 8 quinquepartitus.............. _ IV. 8 | 24 — montezuma*............006- II. 2 8 || Enchophora stillifer ........ neeeee IV. 14 | 27 —— pallida .......... ee eee eee II. 7 8 0 IV. ll | 27 —— oleacea .... eee ee ee eee VI. 17 | 42 Sanguinea .......... cece wees IV. 16 | 27 —— nigriventris .............05. II. 6 9 florens 2... .. eee eee ee eee IV. 12; 28 ——— crucifera’ ...... eee ee eee ITI. 6 9 BUDVIFIGIS 2.6... eee eee IV. 17 | 28 psophis ............ 22 ce eee IT. 11 9 A :) IV. 115 | 28 —— hilarist......... 0... cee eee ee II. 10 9 || Coanaco guttata ...... 0... cee eee IV. 10 | 29 robusta too... ee ee ee ee ee ee II. 3 | 10 ornanda .........eee eee eeeee IV. 13 | 29 Tettigia hieroglyphica ............ IT. 2{ 11 || Obia tenebrosa ..............408. Vv. 17 | 29 pennata ....... ee eee ee eee eee IT. 12 | 11 || Amalivaca fucata ..............4. /Y~ 18 | 30 Proarna albida ...........0.00005 ITI. 9 | 12 || Amantia imperatoria.......... eee IV. 7} 30 sallai..... eee eee eee I. 8} 12 || Acreephia fastuosa .............00 IV. 9; 31 championi .............000005 II. 14| 12 crepusculascens.............. XIII. 25 | 144 MAUTA ..... eee eee eee eee II, 5| 13 astralis .. 22... . ccc eee eee XIII. 27 | 145 longirostris ...........5 eee: II, 4} 18 || Poblicia misella .................. v 6; 31 Ollanta (Selymbria) modesta ........ ITI. 8 14, 141 constellata...............04. IV. 6] 32 Pacarina (Proarna) signifera........ Il. 21 |13, 142 atomaria .... ..........00. V. 2| 32 Tympanoterpes gigas ...........--- I. 9| 14 pallidoconspersa ............ XIII. 26 | 145 ruatana ....... eee eee es VI. 13 | 42 || Domitia neotropicalis.............. V. 3 | 32 Fidicina picea........... beweseere I. 7 16 ODSCUTa ©... ... ee eee eee Vv. 10 | 338 PFONOE 2... eee ee eee ees I. 6 | 16 || ——(?) miscella ................ Vv 7 | 33 —— spinicosta ........... eee eee II. 15 | 17 || Hypepa illuminata................ - 5 | 34 semilata.. . 2.0... eee eee eee Il. 7 | 17 ZapOtensiS ...... ce eee eee Vv. 8 | 34 fumea .. i... eee ee ee ees IV. 4; 17 rubricata ............0-00 ee Vv 4| 34 AMONA .. 1... eee eee ee eee VI. 15 | 42 diversa ......... 0.002 ee eee VIL 18 | 483 cachla 1... eee ee ee VI. 16 42 Acmonia (?) trivia ............004- Vv. 14 |} 35 Collina (Odopcea) medea .......... I. 2 | 5,142 (?) procris ........ cee eee eee Vv. 112) 35 Tibicen guatemalensis ............ II. 8 | 18 (?) sanguinalis .............. XIII. 24 | 145 Dorachosa explicata ..,........... VI. 14 | 43 || Itzalana formosa ................ XIII. 23 | 146 Calyria occidentis ................ II. 17 | 19 | Cyrpoptus suavis .............6.. Vv. 15 | 35 CUNA 2.6 eee eee eee ee ne Til. 4 | 19 || Calyptoproctus guttipes............ Vv. 9| 36 Carineta viridicata ...... pee een eees IV. 1 19 || Scaralis spectabilis................ Y. 16 | 36 * C. rudis, var., on the Plate. + C. alacris on the Plate. t C. alacris, var., on the Plate. vili LIST OF PLATES. Plate. Fig. | Page. Atalanta wrata ......... eee ee eee 11 Violacea ....... eee eee ee le DERBIDZ. Cladypha interlita sees I Derbe westwoodi ........-e eee eee VIII 16] 71 bugabensis..............00-. 12 +s Ses rufivena ll Mysidia acidalioides ..........+-.- VII 17 | 72 ee tn costata ..... eee ee ee eee Vill 18 | 72 Dictyophara ferocula .............- 2 ; nebulosa ....... eee ee ee eee Vill 19 | 73 nodivena ............ee ee ee 3 : . PATVICEPS wo. eee ee eee eee ee Vill 20 | 73 CUTVICEPS 6... eee eee ee tees 4 ©P . brachyrhina 5 —~— maculicosta .........eee eens Vill 21| 7 JEAN rere reese esses elatior 26... cece eee eee eee VIII 22| 73 obtusifrons .. 2.2... eee eee 6 are herbida 7 -—_— delicatissima ..........--006- VIII 23 | 74 florens ............ 2.0... 8 Otiocerus montanus .........-+4-- VIII 24) 74 Se VETUStUS 6. eee cece ee eee eee VIII 25 | 75- orbiculata ..............00.4. 9 riseus VU 96 | 75 ety ‘ot rn QriSCUS 2... eee ee eee III. Dietyopharoides tenuirostris ........ 10 gracilior...... eee eee ees VITI. 27 76 brevicepS ........ 0c eee eee IX. ‘1l| 76 (2?) rubescens .............- IX. 2 76 FLarip®. Anotia smithi ............--00-- IX. 3) 77 Acanalonia dubia ..............5. 1 MAPSIMICOMAIS re resesesecces IX. 4) 77 . ruficollis .. 0... ee eee eee IX. 5 | 78 pamime ..... eee eee ee 2 I ‘ celata 3 venusttla ......... eee ee eee X. 6 | 7&8 oe ports ses tenella 2... ... cee eee eee Ix. 7 | 78 pinniformis ..............6. 4 . : 1X rot affinis............. 0 5 invalida... 2.6... 0. eee eee S 8 79 gaUmeri....-+.+.ssssceeeee 6 Patara marmorata ........-..5000- IX. 9| 79 ViresCeNS ........-0 02 eee ee 7 delicatula ....-........2.048. 8 Cc concinnula.............. eee i) TXTTD 2 Flata championi.......... 0 ....... Rhamphixius championi .......-.. IX. 10; 81 rufocinctata ............ Bothriocera tinealis ...........-.- IX, 11 | 82 —— monticola ......:..... 0..... , Vv. westwoodi .......... IX. 12} 82 corrupta 2... .. ce eee ee eee signoretL .........00e eee eee IX. 13 | 82 regularis ...........-00008. | “VENOSA 6. ee eee ees IX. 14 | 838 perpusilla .................. : —— excelsa .. 0... 2 cee eee ee eee IX. 15 | 83 conspersa ..... 0... eee eee ——- pellucida ...... 6... ee ee, Ix. 16 | 83 Paracromna (Flata) rotundior ...... 146 _ - 17, Ormenis pulverulenta.............. 5) albidipenmis ..- +++ +s.++ ess: IX. 18 } 84 nigrolimbata ................ dd MIQTA 6. ee eee ee IX. 19 | 84 dolabrata ...........-.000.. § || Bothriocerodes variegatus .. IX. 20 | 85 squamulosa ...........-.-.. 7 castaneUS ....... 0. eee ee eee IX. 21} 85 —— albescens .......... 000000 e, 7 metallicus ..........-0 00000 IX. 22 | 85 eriseoalba ........ 0.0 eee eee Metabrixia delicata ............-. IX. 23 | 86 inferior ......... ccc eee eee ee ASPETSA 2... eee eee eee IX. 24 | 87 Adexia (Ormenis) erminia.......... german@ .. 1... eee ee ee eee IX. 25 | 87 Dascalia nietoi ...........0.5000. tacta oo. eee eee eee X. 1/] 88 Flatoides humeralis .............. ——— maculata ...........002 eee X. 2) 88 guadripunctulus ............ (cleus seminiger ............0-6- X. 3 | 89 scaber ..... cee eee eee ee eee tenellus ........ cece ee eee eee X. | 4) 89 pollutus ............ cee eae HEAP cece cece cee eee ee eee X. 5 | 89 isabellinus ................-5 —— decens ........ 20. cee ee eee X. 6,71 90 Obliquus.... cece eee eee eee pellucens .........---- 20s . X. 8,9} 90 Ricania bugabensis................ —— minimus .............-246.. X. 10 | 90 feralis .......... 000 eee eee brunneus .............0000: X. 11 |] 91 Sassula pictifrons ................ GCONCINNUS ..-... eee eee X. 12; 91 costalis .......... 02sec eee ——— addendus .............0044- XxX. 13 | 91 Getulia plenipennis .............. Oliarus excelsus.......-....5+006- X. 14 | 92 Bladina magnifrous .............. concinnulus ............-85- X. 15}. 92 Apateson albomaculatum .......... PLOPlOr .. 6... ce eee eee ee eee X. . 16} 93 LIST OF PLATES. ix Plate. Fig.| Page. Plate. Fig. | Page. Oliarus lacteipennis .............. X. 17 93 || Cyclumna subrotundata .......... XII. 5 | 116 humeralis ...............00. X. 18 94 || Hyphancylus faleatus ...........- XII. 6| 117 breviceps ............ eee. X. 19 94 0 XII. 7| 117 chiriquensis ................ X. 20 94 || Amphiscepa calida.............0-- XII. 8 | 118 *nsioni 21 subpellucida ..........5000: XII. 9| 119 MSIQNIOL ... ce eee eee ee eee . , woes msignier x a } 98 Hysteropterum sierre ...........- XII. 10 | 119 : 2 ~ gular XII. 11 120 ~alutaceus .......cceccee . > ANZULATE 2... cee wre eee veereee Brora x 24 } 95 montanum .. 0.0... eevee eee XII. | 12) 120 Cixius montanus ................ X. 25 96 || Proteinissus bilimeki.............. XII. 13) 121 comptus Lecce cece ee eee eee * 26 96 || Ornithissus cockerelli.............. XII. 14 | 122 avo-brunneus .............- . 27 97 |i ayes . 15, ‘ apicatus........ 0.00. e ee eee X. 28 g7 || Thionta variegata .......-++..-+- XI. { 16 122 : : 29 Drevior .. eee eee eee eee XII. 17; 123 Hapl levis oo... eee eee eee eee . , mts aplaxins om x 30 } 98 scutellata ...... cece eee eee XII. 18 | 123 — frontalis...............+.05- X. 31 98 || —— sordida .........-- eee eeees XII. 19 | 124 Microledrida asperata ............ XI. 1,2 99 humilis .... cee ee ee ee eee XIL. 20} 124 Pachyntheisa concinna ............ XI. 3} 100 NOSO oe cece ecceccecceeevece XII. 21 | 124 — excelsior 2.6... cece cece ees XI. 4 | 100 | ——- pictifrons ..............006- XII. 22 | 125 ‘Micrixia costalis XI. 5 | 101 — CONSPETSA .. cee cece eee ees XI. 23 | 125 _ | Eparmene pulchella XI. 6; 101 CAVICEPS Loe ee eee ee XII. 24 | 125 » | Mnemosvne pianiceps. XI. 7,8} 102 soluta .. eee eee eee ee ees XII. 25 | 126 | stipes ese ceeeeeeeeeseeees XU. { 285) 197 G AcHILID. : Picumna varians ....... eee eee eee XII. 28 | 128 TYNIA NIGTICOXIS ......-- ee ee eee XI. 9 | 104 . . | 29, Rudia diluta .........sse0sc sees XL 10 | 104 ovatipennis ....-..+.-......) MUL { 30 )f 178 ——— PFOXIMA.. eee eee ee eee XI. 11 | 104 VENOSA .. ee ee ee ee ee teens XI. 31) 128 bicincta .... 6... cece ee eee eee XI. 12 | 105 | Colpoptera sinuata............++.- XII. 32 | 129 verticalis ...... cee ee eee ees XI. 13 |} 105 | Helicoptera sobrina ...........4.4. XI. 14) 106 , v. albido-variegata ...... XI. 15 | 107 D chiriquensis .............65- XI. 16 | 107 BLPHACTD 2. longicepS ...... eee eee eee XI. 17 | 107 | Copicerus irroratus ..........--4- XII. 1,2; 130 Pseudhelicoptera nasuta .......... XI. 18 | 108 || Epibidis godmani ...........240-- XIII. 3-5| 131 Plectoderes championi ............ XI. 19 | 108 brunnea «oo... eee eee XIII. 6; 182 basalis 2... . cee eee eee ee eee XI. 20 | 109 | Goniolcinm granulosum............ XIII. 7,8| 132 excelsuUS 6... eee eee eee ees XI. 21 | 109 testaceUM ....... 0. eee eee XIII. 9| 1383 — flavovittatus .............685 XI. 22 109 . . . 10, ; ——— NOtatUS LL. reece ee eens XI. 23 | 110 Liburmia atrior «2... +--+ ++ sess sees XIII. | 11 } 134 —— montanus ............ eee ee XI. 24} 110 basifuscata ........ cece eee XIIl. 12 | 134 ————— ASPET eee e eee eee eee bees XI. 25 |; 110 tOAPH.. eee c eee eee eee XIII. 13 | 1385 lineatocollis .........-..50-- XI. 26 | 111 | ——albolineosa .............-.-- XIII. 14 | 135 —— fuscolineatus............0005 XI. 27 | 111 | —— marginicornis .............. XIII. 15 | 1385 Cedusa funesta ......... cee ee eee XI, 28 | 112 | ——apicimacula ............... XIII. 16 | 186 VENOSR oe cece e eee ce ce eeeees XI. 29 | 112 || ——sagata ...... cece cece eee XIII. 17 | 136 ——paludata ........... eee eens XII. 18 | 187 € Last zt Rhotala ambigua ........-. 0.000. XII. | bp" | | 188 Ulixes clypeatus..............-05. XII. 1,2) 114 || Syntames delicatus .............. XII. 21} 139 intermedius ............064- XII. 3,4} 115 , v. chiriquensis ........ XIII, 22 | 139 BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Rhynch. Homop., March 1905. ERRATA ET CORRIGENDA. Page | Line 8 17 after Cicada montezuma add n. sp. 15. 6,19 for Tobago read Taboga. 20 41 after Carineta cinara add n. sp. 43 17 ~—s for Puris read Pirris. 61-64 .. Delete the refcrences to Flatoides basistigma on p. 61, and deduct one from the number of each species to the end of the genus. 114 3. for HypancyLos read Hypaancytvs. BIOLOGIA CENTRALI-AMERICANA. ZOOLOGIA. Class INSECTA. Order RHYNCHOTA. Suborder HEMIPTERA-HOMOPTERA. Fam. CICADIDA. Stridulantes, Latreille, Fam. Nat. du Régne Anim. p. 426 (1825); Amyot & Serville, Hist. des Hém. p. 458 (1843). Stridulantia, Burmeister, Handb. ii. 1, pp. 102, 170 (1835) ; Stal, Hem. Afr. iv. p. 1 (1866). Cicadide, Westwood, Intr. Mod. Class. Ins. ii. p. 420 (1840); Arcan. Entomol. i. p. 91 (1843). Cicadarie, Packard (nec Latreille), Guide Stud. Ins. 5th edit. p. 5383 (1876). Of this large but at present imperfectly known family, twelve genera and forty- seven species are here enumerated as belonging to this fauna, being a considerable addition to our knowledge of these insects since Prof. Westwood, writing in 1840, alluded to the then best collection, contained in the Berlin Museum, which numbered 150 species only, seventy of which were from America; and Stal, in his ‘ Hemiptera Mexicana’ (1864), referred to not more than thirteen species. In the descriptive nomenclature here adopted for the venation of the tegmina I have followed Stal, but differ from that author in his use of the term “ scutellum,” which, in my opinion, is the “ mesonotum ”—in which I am supported by Burmeister and Westwood. ‘The “scutellum,” as used by Germar, apparently equals the “ meta- thoracic cross” of Prof. Uhler; it is considered here (in agreement with Burmeister, and as may be proved by easy dissection) as part of the mesonotum, and is alluded to by me as the basal cruciform elevation of the same. I have also followed Prof. Westwood in the numeration of the abdominal segments, of which six are plainly visible—the basal one being described as the first, and the apical one as the sixth. The “song” of the male insect is clearly of a sexual and of a non-protective character. The enemies of these insects are numerous. As regards birds, Belt has described how in Nicaragua during “April, when the Cicade are piping their shrill cry from morning until BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Rhynch. Homop., December 1881. *] 2 HEMIPTERA-HOMOPTERA. night, individuals are often seen whose bulky bodies have been bitten off from the thorax by some bird; and the large and graceful Swallow-tailed Kite at that time feeds on nothing else. I have seen these Kites sweeping round in circles over the tree-tops, and every now and then catching insects off the leaves, so that on shooting them I have found their crops filled with Cicade.” They also suffer much from other insects. Réaumur (as quoted by Westwood) states that the eggs of one of the European species are attacked by the larvee ofan ichneumon. Biichner relates that a friend (Herr Schliiter) saw a hornet catch a Cicada, sting it, and try,to fly off with the bulky prey. Swinton refers to a writer in the ‘Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal,’ who, describing large numbers of Cicadidee seen between Kandahar and Kabul, remarks that “the only enemies they appeared to have were some large dragon-flies, which pounced upon them and carried off what appeared to be double their own weight.” They are also affected by fungoid growths. Mr. Leck, in his Annual Report on the New-York Museum of Natural History for 1878, refers to a fungus developed on the abdomen of Tibicen septemdecim, Linn., which, though not immediately fatal to the insect, manifestly incapacitates it for propagation. In the Proceedings of the Entomological Society of London for 1866 is a record of Mr. Wilson Saunders having exhibited two larve of a Cicada from Mexico, each of which had a large Clavaria growing from between its eyes. Some species, however, appear to have defence ; for Bates when describing the habits of an Amazonian species * which was very common, “sometimes three or four tenanting a single tree, clinging, as usual, to the branches,” says:—‘‘ On approaching a tree thus peopled, a number of little jets of a clear liquid would be seen squirted from aloft. I have often received the well-directed discharge full on my face; but the liquid is harmless, having a sweetish taste, and is ejected by the insect from the anus, probably in self-defence or from fear.” I have also elsewhere stated my opinion that this originally sexual peculiarity may tend to have a secondary protective character, as on capturing the large Malayan Pomponia imperatoria, Westw., I found the vibration caused by stridulation sent a thrill through the nerves of my arm, and so considered that birds or other enemies of this insect would probably reject so startling a capture, and in time might recognize it by its appearance, which would thus ensure it some amount of immunity. ZAMMARA. Zammara, Amyot & Serville, Hist. des Hém. p. 468. 867 (1843) ; Stal, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. sér. 4, i. p. 616 (1861); Hem. Afr. iv. p. 1 (1866). Zammara and the two following genera here enumerated, i. e. Odopea and Tettigades, have a common and distinctive character in the produced and ampliated lateral margins of the pronotum. In Zammara the ulnar veins are contiguous at and for some little distance from their bases; and, as described by Stal, it is “area ulnari interiore retrorsum angustata.” * This species is evidently Fidicina maculipennis, Lap. ZAMMARA, 3 This truly Neotropical genus has not been recorded north of Mexico; nor does it probably extend in the opposite direction beyond the South-Brazilian subregion ; it appears to be also absent from the Antillean fauna. About seven species of this genus are known, two of which are found in Central America. Some of the species are subject to great variation in the size and number of fuscous spots to the tegmina. 1. Zammara smaragdina. (Tab. I. figg. 1, 1a, 18.) Zammara smaragdina, Walk. List Hom. i. p. 33. 37; ib. iv. t. 1. f. 4; Stal, Ofv. Vet.-Akad. Forh. 1862, p. 483. | Zammara angulosa, Walk. List Hom. i. p. 34. 4°; Stal, Ofv. Vet.-Ak. Férh. 1862, p. 483. Hab. Muxico2; Nicaracua, Chontales (coll. Dist.); Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui (Champion). | AN icaraguan specimen is figured. Walker! gave the origin of his type (2. smaragdina) as “West coast of America,” which habitat appears, from what I have observed with others of Walker's species thus localized, to be clearly referable to the Central-American region. Walker’s figure is without structural detail ; and no reference is made to it either in the description in part 1, or in the index appended to part 4 of his list. The spe- cimens he has described as Z. angulosa are clearly faded female forms of Z. smaragdina. As in the following species, the macular markings of the tegmina are most inconstant, being either in agreement with typical forms, as the one here figured, or becoming con- fluent and forming an irregular transverse fascia. The three apical marginal spots are sometimes followed by two or three others. In one specimen examined these macular markings are asymmetrical on the right and left tegmina. 2. Zammara calochroma. (Tab. I. figg. 5, 5a, 56.) Zammara calochroma, Walk. List Hom. Suppl. p. 4’. Zammara smaragdula, Walk. Ins. Saund. Hom. p. 4. Zammara callichroma, Stal, Stett. ent. Zeit. xxv. p. 57 *, Hab. Muxtco2 (coll. Sallé, Mus. Berol.), Ovizaba (Bilimek, Mus. Vind. Ces.); Panama (Boucard).—Cotomsia, Bogota !, Rio Magdalena (Dr. Thieme, eoll. Oberthiir). The specimen figured is a typical Z. calochroma, Walk., from Mexico, in which the tegmina are ornamented with confluent fuscous macular markings, and: agrees generally with the form described by Stal, of which, by the courtesy of Dr. Aurivillius, I have been enabled to examine a specimen. These fuscous markings become frequently less confluent and more diminished in area till the form Z. smaragdula, Walk., is reached, and again decrease in number and size, so that in a female specimen from Panama which is now before me they are only faintly indicated. The structural characters of the underside, however, are very distinct; and the pattern and markings of the pro- and mesonotum are always constant. *1 2 4, HEMIPTERA-HOMOPTERA. ODOPCSA. Odopea, Stal, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. sér. 4, vol. i. p. 616 (1861); Hem, Afr. iv. p. 1 (1866). This genus differs from the preceding in having the ulnar veins clearly separated at the base. St&l also adds, “marginibus lateralibus are ulnaris interioris parallelis,” Odopewa, though confined to the Neotropical Region, has a wider area of dispersal than that of Zammara. Though not recorded north of Mexico, it extends as far south as the Argentine Republic, and is well represented in the Antilles. About thirteen species are known, six of which have been found in Central America. 1. Odopwa montezuma, (Tab. III. figg. 5, 5a, 56.) Zammara montezuma, Walk. List Hom. i. p. 36. 6}. Odopwa montezuma, Stal, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. sér. 4, i. p. 617; Ofv. Vet.-Ak. Forh. 1862, p. 484 ; Stett. ent. Zeit. xxv. p. 58. 383”. Hab. Mexico ? 2. The figure is taken from a typical specimen in the collection of the British Museum. We have not yet received it in any of the collections sent to us from Central America. 2. Odopea imbellis. (Tab. I. figg. 38, 3a, 390.) Zammara imbellis, Walk. List Hom. Suppl. p. 2°. Odopea imbellis, Stal, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. sér. 4, 1. p. 617; Ofv. Vet.-Ak. Férh. 1862, p. 484; Steti. ent. Zeit. xxv. p. 58. 3847. Hab. Mexico 12 (Heller, Mus. Vind. Ces., Mus. Holm.); GuaveMaLa, Panima (Champion). A Guatemalan specimen is figured. 3. Odopea azteca, n. sp. (Tab. I. figg. 4, 4a, 46.) Body pale green. Head with the anterior margin, outer margins of ocelli, and an oblique narrow fascia from outer margins of ocelli to frontal margin of eyes black; ocelli red, eyes ochraceous. Pronotum with a central transverse fascia near anterior margin, two central longitudinal narrow fascie on disk, two oblique narrow fascie on each side, commencing from behind eyes, and outer and inner borders of dilated lateral margins black. Mesonotum with two large central obconical and curved spots on anterior margin, followed by a central longitudinal fascia on disk, on each side of which is a rounded spot, and on outer side of these central markings four elongate spots, placed in pairs obliquely, black. Abdomen above with a small black central transverse spot on anterior margin of first segment, and four small rounded fuscous spots near lateral margins of third, fourth, fifth, and sixth segments. Lateral margins of apical half of face, apex of rostrum, bases and apices of tibie (narrowly), anterior tarsi, excepting base of apical joint, and apices of posterior tarsi black. ‘Tegmina pale hyaline, with the costa and radial veins greenish ; basal half of tegmina with the veins greenish, outer half with the veins fuscous ; claval margins testaceous, posterior edged with black near base. Wings pale hyaline, veins coloured as in tegmina, but claval margin darker. Face somewhat depressed, lateral margins transversely striated and centrally and longitudinally sulcated. Lateral margins of pronotum much ampliated and obtusely angulated, posterior margins transversely striated. T'ympana prominent, subconical, and subacutely angulated anteriorly. Opercula truncate ° ODOPGA.—TETTIGADES. 4) exteriorly, rounded posteriorly, obtusely pointed and rounded, but not meeting interiorly. Rostrum not passing posterior coxe. Long. 25 millim., exp. tegm. 83 millim. Hab. Muxtco (Mus. Berol.). Allied to O. montezuma, Walk., but differs by the much smaller size, different structure of the face and opercula, colour, markings, &c. 4, Odopea signoreti. (Tab. I. figg. 10, 10a, 104.) Odopea signoreti, Stal, Stett. ent. Zeit. xxv. p. 59. 885°. Hab. Mexico 1 (coll. Dist.). 5. Odopea diriangani, n.sp. (Tab. III. figg. 10, 10a, 108.) . Ochraceous and unicolorous, obscurely pilose. Tegmina and wings hyaline, veins ochraceous. Face strongly carinate, its width and distance to outer margin of eyes being subequal. Eyes black, ocelli red. Pronotum with the lateral margins considerably ampliated and rounded, obtusely and obscurely angulated about middle, Mesonotum with two large but obscure obconical spots commencing on apical margin. Anterior femora with a strong spine about one third from apex, between which and apex are two smaller and much more obscure spines. Long. 22 millim., exp. tegm. 69 millim, Hab. Nicaragua, Chontales (Janson). This species is allied to O. signoreti, St&l, and O. azteca, Dist., from both of which it differs by the neuration of the tegmina being unicolorous, by the basal margin of the eighth apical area being almost straight and oblique, the ulnar veins abruptly divergent at base, and also by the strongly carinate face. It is more than probable that some specimens of this species are green, and not ochraceous like the form here described. 6. Odopwa medea. (Tab. I. figg. 2, 2a, 25.) Odopewa medea, Stal, Stett. ent. Zeit. xxv. p. 60. 386°. Hab. Mexico, Oaxaca !. A typical female specimen in the Stockholm Museum is here figured; and Dr. Auri- villius informs me that in that collection this species has been placed under the genus Zammara. The ulnar veins, however, are distinctly separate at their origin; and I see no reason to doubt Stal’s correctness in originally placing it in the genus Odopea. TETTIGADES. Tettigades, Amyot & Serville, Hist. des Hém. p. 469. 369 (1843) ; Stal, Hem. Afr. iv. p. 2 (1866). Tettigades differs from the two preceding genera by not having the basal area of the tegmina distinctly quadrangular; the lateral margins of the pronotum are also more obtusely rounded; and the venation, especially as regards the relative lengths of the ulnar and apical areas, is also very different. 6 . HEMIPTERA-HOMOPTERA. Confined to the Neotropical Region, Tettigades possesses an extended area, from Chili to Mexico. This area is not known, however, to be continuous, but seems more than probably to be restricted altogether to the western portion of the southern continent. Five species are at present recorded, one of which, here described, has been received from Mexico. 1. Tettigades mexicana, n.sp. (Tab. II. figg. 9, 9a, 9 8.) 9. Head above black, front with an arcuated fascia at each side of base of face on anterior margin, an indistinct, narrow, broken, central longitudinal fascia on vertex, and a broad streak behind inner margin of eyes, luteous. Pronotum with the disk ochraceous, having a large reversed triangular spot on anterior margin, a large oblique patch on each side behind eyes, and a small central transverse line near posterior margin fuscous; anterior border narrowly, lateral and posterior borders broadly luteous. Mesonotum black, with two central pale lines commencing on anterior margin and terminating about one third the length of mesonotum; basal elevation with large horn-like and branching angles extending therefrom to about centre of disk, and frenum, luteous. Abdomen black, strongly pilose, with the posterior segmental borders narrowly ochraceous. Underside of body and legs luteous ; base and central fascia to face, inner margin of eyes, some irregular marks on sternum and near coxe, a linear streak on each side of femora, a spot on trochanters, a marginal segmental row of spots to abdomen, and a large quadrate spot on apical segment fuscous. Tegmina pale hyaline; radial and postcostal veins, and venation of apical third of tegmina fuscous; postcostal ulnar ramus and remaining venation luteous. Wings pale hyaline; basal half of venation luteous, apical half fuscous. The face is moderately convex and gibbous, distinctly transversely striated, with a broad central longitudinal suleation, the edges of which are slightly raised. The rostrum in the typical specimen has the apical joint mutilated, but apparently about reaches the posterior cox. The anterior femora are armed with two strong spines. Body very strongly pilose. Long. 22 millim., exp. tegm. 68 millim. Hab. Mexico (Mus. Berol.). This species is allied to 7. compacta, Walk., a species erroneously placed as a synonym of 7. chilensis, A. & S., by Berg (Hem. Argent. p. 204). The habitat given by Walker is “ West coast of America,” which, as before observed, is likely to have referred to Central America. There is, however, no other or more detailed habitat to be found in the records of the British Museum; and it is therefore unadvisable to insert Walker’s species in this fauna on such uncertain information. CICADA. Cicada, Linnzeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 704 (1766); Amyot & Serville, Hist. des Hém. p. 473. 374 (1843) ; Stal, Ann. Soc. Ent. de Fr. sér. 4, i. p. 614 (1861) ; Hem. Afr. iv. p. 7 (1866). This genus is at once separated from the three preceding by the non-produced and non-ampliated lateral margins of the pronotum. The basal area of the tegmina is not twice longer than broad; the transverse vein at the base of the second apical area is oblique ; and the space between the postcostal vein and ulnar ramus is linear, and not distinctly broader at the apex. The genus Cicada is a very comprehensive one, and includes a large number of species, some of which superficially surveyed scarcely appear to be congeneric. Stal CICADA. 7 has founded several subgenera, two of which, Cicada and Diceroprocta, are found in this fauna, the last appearing to apply to all the species with the exception of the first, which is stated by Stl to belong to his subgenus Cicada. In our present imperfect knowledge of the family it is impossible to give a correct or even fairly approximate estimate of the total number of species even described (for these are frequently wrongly ascribed to the genus) or existing unnamed in collections. It is well represented in Central America, fourteen species being here included. ; 3. Opercula long, broad and rounded, covering two thirds of the abdomen. 1. Cicada opercularis. Cicada tibicen, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 707, var. ? Cicada opercularis, Oliv. Enc. Méth. v. p. 749. 12, t. iii. £. 1; Germ. in Thon’s Ent. Arch. ii. p. 2. 45; Stal, Stett. ent. Zeit. xxv. p. 62. 390’. . Stoll. Cig. fig. 13. Hab. Mexico }. This species is here included on the authority of Stal, who considered it a variety only of C. tibicen, Linn.; and if this view is correct, the species has a wide Nearctic range. Its habits have been studied in Bermuda by Mr. J. H. Jones; and some interesting details are given in that author’s ‘The Naturalist in Bermuda,’ p. 122. 3. Opercula long, triangular, reaching the base of the fourth abdominal segment. Apices of the opercula obtuse ; tegmina spotted with fuscous near the apex. 2. Cicada transversa. (Tab. II. figg.1, 1a, 14.) Cicada transversa, Walk. Ins. Saund. Hom. p. 15°. Cicada alacris, Stal, Stett. ent. Zeit. xxv. p. 62. 391’. Hab. Mexico ?, Vera Cruz 1. I am indebted to Dr. Signoret for the opportunity of comparing types of this species with those of Walker in the British Museum. Apices of opercula acute ; tegmina unspotted. 8. Cicada ornea. (Tab. III. figg. 3, 3a, 36.) Cicada ornea. Walk. List Hom. i. p. 187. 75". Hab. Mexico}. The type in the collection of the British Museum is here figured. 3 unknown. 4, Cicada bicosta, (Tab. III. figg. 1, 1a, 16.) Cicada bicosta, Walk. List Hom. i. p. 112. 14. Hab. Mexico (Mus. Vind. Ces.); Costa Rica (Mus. Berol.). 8 HEMIPTERA-HOMOPTERA. A female Mexican specimen, belonging to the collection of the Vienna Museum, is here figured. The localities of Walker's types are unrecorded. I have not seen a male specimen of this species, so cannot describe the opercula. Judging from the female, C. dicosta is allied to C. rudis, but differs by the more tumid face and the much less interspace between that and the eyes. 3. Opercula reaching the base of the second abdominal segment, overlapping, and with their apices rounded. 5. Cicada rudis. (Tab. II. figg. 20, 20a, 203.) Fidicina rudis, Walk. List Hom. Suppl. p. 13%. Cicada rudis, Stal, Ofv. Vet.-Ak. Férh. 1862, p. 484. | Hab. Mexico (Mus. Berol.; Bilimek, Mus. Vind. Ces.; Boucard, Mus. Holm.), Orizabal, . The specimen figured is in the Vienna Museum. Walker described this species as nearly allied to C. tibicen; on the contrary, however, it much resembles the well-known European species C. fraxint. 3. Opercula reaching the apex of the first abdominal segment, inner margins contiguous. 6. Cicada montezuma. (C. rudis, var., Tab. II. figg. 2, 2a, 26.) Allied to C. rudis, but smaller, the transverse veins at base of second and third apical areas infuscated ; opercula only reaching to base of first abdominal segment, with the interior margins parallel and conti- guous, but not overlapping. Face much narrower. Long. 26 millim., exp. tegm. 75 millim. Hab. Mexico (Mus. Berol.). 3. Opercula reaching apex of first abdominal segment, inner margins divergent. 7. Cicada pallida, n.sp. (Tab. II. figg. 7, 7a, 73.) Head pale greenish, with two small transverse spots on centre of front, two larger ones near inner margins of eyes, and two large lunate spots, partly surrounding the two posterior ocelli, black. Pronotum pale greenish and unicolorous. Mesonotum ochraceous, with two large obconical spots commencing on anterior margin, on each side of these a smaller and more oblique spot of the same description, a broken submar- ginal longitudinal fascia, and two small rounded spots on posterior portion of disk fuscous. Abdomen above ochraceous. Head beneath pale greenish. Sternum, legs, opercula, and underside of abdomen ochraceous. Tegmina pale hyaline; venation of about basal two thirds ochraceous, that of apical third fuscous. Wings pale hyaline; basal half of venation ochraceous, apical half fuscous. The face is large, robust, and convex, faintly transversely striate, and with a faint central raised longitudinal line. Opercula rounded, divergent, meeting only at antericr angles, posteriorly reaching apex of first abdominal segment. Tympana somewhat large and prominent. The body alone is sparingly pilose, the frenum most densely so. Long. 21 millim., exp. tegm. 61 millim. Hab. Mexico (Mus. Berol.). CICADA. 9 3.. Opercula small, transverse, reaching base of first abdominal segment. face broad, transverse, depressed. 8. Cicada nigriventris. (Tab. II. fige. 6, 6 a, 64.) Cicada nigriventris, Walk. List Hom. Suppl. p. 21'. Hab. Muxico1 (Bilimek, Mus. Vind. Ces.); Costa Rica (coll. Dist.). The specimen figured is in the Vienna Museum. Face compressed and gibbous. 9. Cicada crucifera. (Tab. III. figg. 6, 6a, 6 4.) Cicada crucifera, Walk. List Hom. i. p. 196. 147'. Hab. Mexico (Mus. Berol.). A Mexican specimen in the collection of the Berlin Museum is here figured. Body small, tympana large, opercula small and transverse. 10. Cicada psophis. (Tab. II. figg. 11, 11a, 112.) Cicada psophis, Walk. List Hom. i. p. 153. 92’. Hab. Mexico 1 (Mus. Beroi.). A specimen in the Berlin Museum is here figured. Head, including eyes, narrower than base of pronotum. 11. Cicada hilaris, n.sp. (Cicada alacris, Tab. II. figg. 10, 10a, 10 6.) . Body above black; head with a yellow spot at base and apex of front, one on each lateral and two on posterior margin; eyes dull ochraceous. Pronotum with the disk almost covered with large subconfluent dull testaceous spots; lateral and posterior margins black, with the outer edge yellow. Mesonotum with two faintly indicated large basal obconical spots, base of lateral margins, and cruciform elevation at base yellow. Anterior margins of tympana, lateral margins of first, second, and fifth, and basal margin of sixth abdominal segment creamy white. Underside of body much paler, and covered with whitish pubescence. Legs ochraceous and thickly pilose. Tegmina and wings pale hyaline. Tegmina with the basal half of the venation ochraceous, apical half fuscous, transverse veins at base of second and third apical areas broadly fuscous; costa pitchy, basal area dull ochraceous and opaque, inner claval margin pitchy. The opercula are pale, not passing the base of the first abdominal segment ; their apices are broad and rounded ; and their inner margins considerably overlap. The face is moderately convex, thickly pilose, and with the sides strongly and transversely striated. The anterior femora are armed with two long acute spines. Long. 20 millim., exp. tegm. 52 millim. Hab. Mexico (Mus. Berol.). I originally considered this species the C. alacris, Stal; but since then, from an examination of Stal’s type, I have found his species to be a synonym of C. transversa, Walk.; and I have therefore been compelled to provide this insect with a fresh hame. BIOL, CENTR.-AMER., Rhynch. Homop., December 1881. *2 10 HEMIPTERA-HOMOPTERA. 12. Cicada intermedia, un. sp. Allied to the preceding species, but abdomen much wider, the anterior margins of tympana and sides of base of first abdominal segment creamy white only. Underside of body pale, but less covered with whitish pubescence than in C. alacris, and transverse vein at base of second apical area placed much nearer the base of the first, the second apical area being thus longer, and the first apical area shorter than in the corresponding tegminal areas of the other species. Long. 22 millim., exp. tegm. 57 millim. Hab. Mexico (coll. Dist.). 13. Cicada robusta, n. sp. (C. alacris, var., Tab. IL., figg. 3, 3.a, 3 6.) Body above black; head, pronotum, and mesonotum marked as in two preceding species; abdomen with a large pale yellowish spot on lateral margins of first abdominal segment. Underside of body and legs pale castaneous. Tegmina and wings pale hyaline; tegmina with the costa, costal membrane, and basal half of venation ochraceous, radial vein and apical venation fuscous, basal area and base of clavus pitchy, trans- verse veins at base of second and third apical areas broadly fuscous. Wings pitchy at base. The body is very broad and robust, as in C. intermedia; but the position and relative lengths of the first and second tegminal apical areas are as in C. alacris. The face, however, is broader and much more tumid than in that species; and the opercula are a little longer, reaching the apex of the first abdominal segment. This species is also much larger than the two others with which it is here compared, and the pale abdo- minal markings are different. . ; Long. 3 27 to 32 millim., exp. tegm. 74 to 80 millim.; 9 24 to 27 millim., exp. tegm. 70 to 76 millim. Hab. Mexico (Mus. Holm.), Cuernavacca (Bilimek, Mus. Vind. Ces.). The specimen figured is in the Vienna Museum. I had concluded that this species was but an extreme variety of C. alacris; but a long series which has passed through my hands since lettering the Plate has compelled me to believe in its distinct character. 14. Cicada dissimilis, n. sp. Allied to the preceding species ; but the opercula are longer, reaching the second abdominal segment; the head -is much narrower and considerably less in width than the pronotum at base, the first apical area of tegmina very little longer than second, the upper transverse veins scarcely infuscated, the “ limbus enervis ” very broad, and basal area only slightly ochraceous and opaque. Long. 24 to 26 millim., exp. tegm. 72 to 82 millim. Hab. Mexico (coll. Dist. Mus. Berol.). The last four species here described may also be thus separated :— Abdomen elongate, not wider than the base of pronotum. . . .. .. . . C. hilaris. Abdomen broad, wider than base of pronotum. Tegmina with first apical area not much longer than second. Opercula reaching first abdominal segment . . . . . . . . . . C. intermedia. Opercula reaching second abdominal segment . . . wo. 2 2 « C. dissimilis. Tegmina with first apical area considerably longer than second » . . « « OC. robusta. TETTIGIA. Tettigia, Kolenati, Mel. Ent. vii. p. 6 (1857) ; Stal, Hem. Afr. iv. pp. 7, 23 (1866). Tettigia differs at once from Cicada in having the basal area of the tegmina twice TETTIGIA.—PROARNA. __ 11 as long as broad. The species belonging to this genus are apparently not numerous, but somewhat widely distributed. It includes 7. orni (Linn.), a well-known European insect, and is represented in Africa, Madagascar, Australia, and the Nearctic Region. Two species are here enumerated as found in this fauna. 1. Tettigia hieroglyphica. (Tab. III. figg. 2, 2 a, 2d.) Cicada hieroglyphica, Say, Complet. Writ. ii. p. 371. 1’. Cicada johannis, Walk. List Hom. i. p. 149. 877. Cicada sex-guttata, Walk. List Hom. i. p. 154. 93. Hab. Nortu America, Pennsylvania, New Jersey 1, Florida ?.—Muxico (Mus. Berol.) The figure is that of a Mexican specimen in the Berlin Museum, which not only agrees with Say’s description, but also with some typical North-American specimens in the British Museum, which have probably been received under Say’s name. — 2. Tettigia pennata, n. sp. (Tab. IL. figg. 12, 12a, 126.) 2. Head, pronotum, and mesonotum greenish. Head with the frontal marginal angles, a transverse streak on lateral margins, inner margin of eyes, and area of the ocelli black; ocelli red. Mesonotum with a central longitudinal suboblong spot, rounded posteriorly and angulated anteriorly, on each side of this a short oblique streak behind eyes, and a D-shaped spot near each lateral margin black. Mesonotum with four large, central, and somewhat irregular black-bordered obconical spots, a black spot on each lateral margin, and two small spots of the same colour in front of the basal cruciform elevation. Abdomen above dull testaceous, with the basal angles and-anal appendage greenish, somewhat thickly clothed with white pile. Body beneath greenish ; transverse strive to face, bases and apices of cox, apex of rostrum, segmental incisures, and inner margins of anal appendage black. Legs greenish, apices of femora black, apices of tibiee and tarsi dull testaceous, tarsal claws black. Tegmina pale hyaline. Neuration of basal half greenish, remainder fuscous; base of first ulnar area, transverse vein at base of second ulnar area, a central spot on the longitudinal vein enclosing third ulnar area, and transverse vein at base of eighth apical area, and claval margin black; a prominent white opaque spot at base of first ulmar area. Ana- stomoses, and a submarginal row of spots situated on veins, pale fuscous. Wings pale hyaline; veins fuscous, with some of the discal ones greenish. . The face is globose, strongly and transversely striate, with a central longitudinal sulcation ; rostrum reaching the posterior coxe ; head small, with the eyes very globose, and much narrower than base of pronotum. Long. 17 millim., exp. of tegm. 66 millim. Hab. GuatEMALA, Senahu (Champion). One female specimen has been received from Mr. Champion, the male being at present unknown to me. : PROARNA.. Proarna, Stal, Stett. ent. Zeit. xxv. p. 61 (1864) ; Hem. Afr. iv. p. 7 (1866). This genus is easily separated from the two preceding by the character of having the transverse vein at the base of the second apical area frequently curved, and never or very slightly oblique. According to present knowledge the genus is confined to the Neotropical and Nearctic Regions, and, in comparison with the total number of described species, is well represented in Central America. * 22 12 HEMIPTERA-HOMOPTERA. 1. Proarna pulverea. Cicada pulverea, Oliv. Enc. Méth. v. p. 759. 61°; Germ. in Thon’s Ent. Arch. ii. 2, p. 43. 82. Proarna pulverea, Stal, Stett. ent. Zeit. xxv. p. 61°. Stoll, Cig. f. 72. Hab. Mexico, Vera Cruz ?.—Guiana, Surinam !. This species is inserted here on the authority of the late Professor Stal. We have not as yet received it from Central America. 2. Proarna albida. (Tab. III. figg. 9, 9 a, 9d.) Cicada albida, Oliv. Enc. Méth. v. p. 755. 39*; Walk. List Hom. i. p. 160. 997. Proarna albida, Stal, Stett. ent. Zeit. xxv. p. 61. Stoll, Cig. f. 125. Hab. Costa Rica, Irazu (Rogers).—Trinipav (coll. Dist.)—Gutana, Demerara ? (coll. Dist.), Surinam!; Braztt, Para ?. This species is strikingly variable, both in size and also as regards the length of the second apical area of the tegmina. Stoll’s figure being very unsatisfactory, I have here figured a specimen from Costa Rica. Var. insignis. Body much broader than in any varietal forms of P. albida which have passed through my hands, lateral margins of pronotum more ampliated, markings of the tegmina darker and more distinct. ©. Long. 24 millim., exp. tegm. 63 millim. Hab. Nicaracua (coll. Dist.); Panama (Boucard). Three females possessing this form have passed through my hands. As I have not seen the other sex, and can find no sufficient structural character in the female of specific value, I have felt it necessary to give a varietal name for the present, to prevent confusion. 3. Proarna sallwi. (Tab. I. figg. 8, 8a, 80.) Proarna sallé, Stal, Stett. ent. Zeit. xxv. p. 61. 3887. Hab. Mexico, Vera Cruz}. The figure is from a typical specimen in the Stockholm Museum. 4, Proarna championi, n. sp. (Tab. Il. figg. 14, 14 a, 143.) Body above dull testaceous, somewhat sparingly pilose. Head with the frontal margin, a. transverse fascia in front of eyes, and area of the ocelli black. Pronotum with two central longitudinal fascie, two oblique strize on each side, and inner lateral margin black. Mesonotum with two large obconical basal spots, bordered on each side by a larger obconical fascia, and a small transverse fascia on disk, preceded by two small rounded spots, black. Abdomen above somewhat thickly covered with white pile, and with the basal segmental margins fuscous. Body beneath paler; anterior submarginal fascia to head, central fascia and transverse ridges to face, and apex of rostrum black. Legs unicolorous, apices of tibie and tarsi testaceous. ; PROARNA. 13 Tegmina pale hyaline; veins ochraceous, darker towards apex ; base and apex of first apical area, and transverse veins at base of second and third apical areas, broadly fuscous ; base of first ulnar area thickened, opaque, and fuscous. Wings pale hyaline, veins ochraceous. The face is globose, strongly transversely striated, but not sulcated longitudinally ; and in width it equals its distance from outer margin of eyes. The opercula are broad, not passing base of first abdominal segment, somewhat narrowed and almost meeting interiorly. (In the specimen figured the opercula are pale and unicolorous ; in other specimens they are inwardly and broadly margined with black.) Long. 14 to 16 millim., exp. tegm. 45 to 52 millim. Hab. Mexico (Mus. Berol.) ; Guatemata, Purula, Teleman (Champion); Costa Rica (Van Patten). This species is somewhat intermediate between P. sallai, Stal, and P. signifera, Walk. In general appearance it much resembles Selymbria modesta, Dist. A Guatemalan specimen is figured. 5. Proarna signifera. (Tab. II. figg. 21, 21a, 213.) Cicada signifera, Walk. List Hom. Suppl. p. 22°. Hab. Mexico, Orizaba 1, Valladolid in Yucatan (Gaumer); GuatemMaa, Torola(Cham- pion). A Guatemalan specimen is figured, in which the neuration of the right and left-hand tegmina is asymmetrical. This is also the case with the Mexican type in the British Museum, and with several other specimens of this species which I have examined. 6. Proarna maura, n. sp. (Tab. II. figg. 5, 5a, 5 4.) Body and legs black; frontal margin of head, posterior margin of pronotum, lateral margins of face, apices of _ femora, and bases of tibia dull obscure ochraceous ; eyes luteous; lateral margins of sternum broadly margined with white pile. Tegmina pale hyaline, veins fuscous; basal area, costal membrane, and transverse veins at bases of second and third apical areas black. Wings hyaline, veins fuscous, basal area black. Body very broad and robust, with the segmental apices acute; head, including eyes, much narrower than base of pronotum. Face with the sides strongly striated, centre not sulcated, its width equal to its distance from outer margin of eyes. Rostrum reaching posterior coxe. Opercula large, oblong, black, straight outwardly, rounded posteriorly, slightly overlapping at inner margins near base. Long. 25 millim., exp. tegm. 70 millim. Hab. Mexico (coll. Dist.), Valladolid in Yucatan (Gaumer). This species represents a distinct section of the genus, having the apices of the segments acute and the body very broad. This division, in every respect, including the black colour, exactly corresponds with a like divergence in the genus Cicada, as represented by C. robusta, Dist. 7. Proarna longirostris, n. sp. (Tab. II. figg. 4, 4a, 43.) Closely allied to P. maura, Dist., but differs by the greater amount of the ochraceous markings on the pro- and mesonotum, in having a large ochraceous spot on each lateral margin of the abdomen above, and a small spot of the same culour on each side of the anal appendage, in the much smaller black basal area to the tegmina, and the almost absence of the same to the wings. The body beneath, including the legs and IL 14 HEMIPTERA-HOMOPTERA. opercula, is ochraceous, the abdomen having the lateral margins and anal appendage black. Its principal structural difference is the length of the rostrum, which reaches the apex of the first abdominal segment. Long. 24 millim., exp. tegm. 71 millim. Hab. Mexico (Bilimek, Mus. Vind. Ces.). SELYMBRIA. Selymbria, Stal, Ann. Soc. Ent. de Fr. sér. 4, vol. i. p. 615 (1861) ; Hem. Afr. iv. p. 7 (1866). In this and the two following genera the space between the postcostal vein and ulnar ramus is distinctly ampliated towards the apex. The lateral margin of the pronotum is not ampliated; and, as described by the author, “ segmento ventrali ultimo feminarum profundissime sinuato.” One species is known from Central America. 1. Selymbria modesta, n. sp. (Tab. IIL figg. 8, 8 a, 8b.) d+ Body dull testaceous. Head with the frontal margin, area of the ocelli, and posterior margin of eyes fuscous. Pronotum with two central fuscous fasci on anterior margin, and sometimes two smaller ones on posterior margin. Mesonotum with two large obconical central spots on anterior margin ; on each side of these a longer and more obscure obconical fascia, and a transverse fascia on disk, preceded by two small spots, fuscous. Basal margins of scutellum and abdominal segments fuscous. Body beneath paler ; anterior margin of head and inner margin of eyes black. Tegmina pale hyaline; neuration ochraceous or dull testaceous (sometimes with the basal half much paler); transverse veins at the base of second and third apical areas, and a submarginal row of spots on longitudinal veins of first, second, and third apical areas fuscous. Wings pale hyaline, with the nervures ochraceous or testaceous. Head, including eyes, equal in breadth to base of pronotum; face with a very deep central longitudinal sulca- tion, and strongly and transversely striate. Opercula pale, broad, not passing base of first abdominal segment, and narrowed but not meeting interiorly. Long. 16 millim., exp. tegm. 57 millim. Hab. Mexico (Mus. Holm.; Bilimek, Mus. Vind. Cos.); Nicaragua, Chontales (Janson). | This is the only Central-American species of the genus with which I am acquainted. It varies somewhat in the markings of the pronotum and mesonotum. TYMPANOTERPES. Tympanoterpes, Stal, Ann. Soc. Ent. de Fr. sér. 4, i. p. 614 (1861); Hem. Afr. iv. p. 7 (1866). Tympanoterpes differs from Selymbria in having the lateral margins of the pronotum somewhat ampliated, and “‘ segmento ventrali ultimo feminarum haud vel medio leviter emarginato.” The genus is possibly a purely Neotropical one; and but one species is here enumerated. 1. Tympanoterpes gigas. (Tab. I. figg. 9, 9a, 96.) Cicada gigas, Oliv. Enc. Méth. v. p. 750.15, t. iii. £.4; Walk. List Hom. i. p- 104. 3°. Cicada triupsilon, Walk. List Hom. i. p. 103. 2. Cicada sonans, Walk. ibid. p. 104. 4. TYMPANOTERPES. | 15 Cicada consonans, Walk. List Hom. i. p. 106. 7’. Tympanoterpes sibilatriz, Berg, Hem. Argent. p. 210. 252’. Stoll, Cig. f. 117, Hab. Mexico (Bilimek, Mus. Vind. Ces.), Valladolid in Yucatan (Gaumer); Britiso Honpvras, river Sarstoon (Blancaneaux); Guatemala, Panzos, Panima, Torola, Paso Antonio, La Gavia (Champion).—ANTILLES 1, Trinidad (coll. Dist.), Tobago (coll. Dist.) ; Cotomsia, Manaure (Simons); Bouivia (Orton); ARGENTINE RePuBLic 3. Stal treated this species as a synonym of TZ. grossa, Fabr. The type of the Fabrician species, however, is in the Banksian collection contained in the British Mu- seum, and is very distinct, the opercula being large and rounded. The figure given in the ‘ Encyclopédie Méthodique’ is, like Stoll’s, useless for any practical purpose. Among the habitats of this wide-ranging species is that given by Walker 2, “ West coast of America,” which, as before remarked in connexion with other species, seems clearly to refer to Central America. The forms inhabiting this region (of which a Guatemalan specimen is figured) appear to be somewhat smaller than more southern specimens, or do not exhibit the gigantic specimens which are frequently and commonly received from the southern portion of the Neotropical Region. Mr. Gervase F. Mathew (Ent. Mo. Mag. xi. p. 175) gives some interesting details relating to this insect as observed at Tobago. As regards its powers of stridulation he writes of a “tropical afternoon: ”—‘“‘ Suddenly, from right above, you hear one or two hoarse, monotonous cries something like the croak of a tree-frog, and, looking upwards, wonder what it can be. But wait a moment ; this is merely a signal; for the next minute everywhere above and around you these croaks are repeated in rapid and increasing succession until they merge into a long shrill whistle almost exactly similar to the whistle of a first-rate locomotive; this continues for nearly half a minute, and then abruptly terminates.” “Presently similar cries will be heard in the far distance, as if in reply to those which have just died away overhead. The whistling pierces one’s ears to such a degree that its vibrations can be felt long after it has ceased.” Mr. Mathew describes this species as frequenting trees growing in ravines where the soil is generally soft and damp, in which their larve and pupe find no difficulty in burrowing. ‘ When the latter are full-grown and ready for their last transformation, they emerge from the ground and crawl about four or five feet up the trunk of a tree, when they firmly fix themselves to the bark by means of their powerfully hooked fore tibie.” “The flight of the mature Cicada is abrupt, rapid, and by no means graceful ; and it does not appear to have the power of controlling itself when on the wing; for I have often seen it fly in an insane manner against the trunk of a tree, a branch, or any other object that might be in its line of flight ; and when it has performed its journey without any accident, it alights abruptly and awkwardly. As a rule, however, it does not attempt to fly to any great distance at a time.” 16 HEMIPTERA-HOMOPTERA. FIDICINA. Fidicina, Amyot & Serville, Hist. des Hém. p. 472 (1843); Stal, Rio Jan. Hem. ii. p. 18 (1861) ; Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. sér. 4, i. p. 614 (1861) ; Hem. Afr. iv. p. 7 (1866). Hemisciera, Amyot & Serville, Hist. des Hém. p. 466 (1843). This genus has the metasternum transversely elevated, a character which will distin- guish it from the two preceding genera. Fidicina is very largely represented in the Neotropical Region; but much synonymy must be worked out, and many species described, before we can make any estimate as to the total number of species. Five species are here enumerated. 1. Fidicina mannifera. Tettigonia mannifera, Fabr. Syst. Rhynch. p. 36. 13. Cicada mannifera, Germ. in Silb. Rev. Ent. ii. p. 56. 11; Burm, Handb. ii. 1, p. 183. 8’; Blanch. Hist. Ins. iii. p. 167. 15°. Cicada (Fidicina) plebeia, Linn., var. Tettigonia mannifera, Fabr., Erich. in Schomb. Reise n. Guiana, ili. p. 616%. Fidicina mannifera, Walk. List Hom. i. p. 79. 2°; Stal, Rio Jan. Hem. ii. p. 18. 1°; Hem. Fabr. li. p. 7. 1. Merian, Ins. Surinam, pl. 49”. Stoll, Cig. fig. 126. Hab. Panama, David (Champion).—CotomB1A, Bogota (coll. Dist.); Guiana‘, Surinam’ ; Braziu 1235, Para (Bates), Rio Janeiro °. 2. Fidicina picea. (Tab. I. figg. 7, 7a, 76.) Fidicina picea, Walk. List Hom. i. p. 81. 6’. Fidicina determinata, Waik. List Hom. Suppl. p. 14”. Fidicina pertinaz, Stal, Stett. ent. Zeit. xxv. p. 62. 389°. . Hab. Mexico! (coll. Sallé; Bilimek, Mus. Vind. Ccs.).—VENEZUELA?; GUIANA, Demerara (coll. Dist.). | 1 have been enabled to compare a typical specimen of F. pertinaz, Stal, with Walker's types at the British Museum, and to satisfy myself of the identity of these described forms. 3. Fidicina pronoe. (Tab. I. figg. 6, 6a, 66.) Cicada pronoe, Walk. List Hom. i. p. 144. 82. Fidicina vinula, Stal, Ofv. Vet.-Ak. Foérh. 1854, p. 2421; 1862, pp. 482, 500. Cicada compacta, Walk. Ins. Saund. Hom. p. 14. Hab. Mexico (coll. Sallé); Guaremata, Panima, Rio Maria Linda (Champion); Costa Rica (Mus. Berol., Van Patten); Panama (Boucard)—Cotompia, Manaure (Simons) ; TrinipaD (coll. Dist.); Braz. FIDICINA. 17 This species exhibits little variation ; and the two specimens described by Walker under the above names are identical. The habitats of these were unrecorded. 4, Fidicina spinicosta. (Tab. II. figg. 15, 15 a, 153.) Cicada spinicosta, Walk. List Hom. i. p. 126. 64°. Cicada lacrines, Walk. ibid. p. 182.70; Stal, Ofv. Vet.-Ak. Férh. 1862, p. 481. Fidicina lacrines, Stal, ibid. p. 485. Hab. Costa Rica (Mus. Berol.); Panama (coll. Dist.).—Gvutana, Cayenne (coll. Sign.) ; Brazit, Para 1. . Walker, under the name of C. spinicosta, subsequently incorporated specimens of his other species, C. semilata; and Stal necessarily thus wrote C. lacrines=C. spinicosta (“ad partem”). There can, however, be no doubt as to the type, which I have examined in the British Museum, and which agrees with the Costa-Rican specimen here figured contained in the collection of the Berlin Museum. 5. Fidicina semilata, (Tab. III. figg. 7, 7 a, 7 5.) Cicada semilata, Walk. List Hom. 1. p. 122. 59°. Cicada passer, Walk. ibid. p. 124. 612; Stal, Ofv. Vet.-Ak. Férh. 1862, p. 481. Cicada brizo, Walk. ibid. p. 125. 638. Cicada melisa, Walk. ibid. p. 127. 65°. Cicada melina, Walk. ibid. p. 128. 66. Cicada panyases, Walk. ibid. p. 183. 71 *. Cicada pidytes, Walk. ibid. p. 184. 72. Cicada physcoa, Walk. ibid. p. 135. 73. . Cicada braure, Walk. ibid: p. 186. 74°. Cicada solemnis, Walk. ibid. p. 143. 81°. Fidicina semilata, Stal, Ofv- Vet.-Ak. Férh. 1862, p. 485. Hab. Costa Rica (van Patten; coll. Dist.).—St. Lucta!®; VENEzUELA??; GUIANA, Demerara‘, Cayenne !; TrinrpaD (coll. Dist.); Brazit, Para®, Ega (de Mathan; coll. Oberthiir). This species is not of an exceedingly variable nature, as the above synonymy would apparently indicate, but is rather an example of the late Mr. Walker’s treatment of the subject. It is allied to /. spenicosta, but differs by the longer and less robust body, the more elongate and less tumid face, shape of the opercula, &c. 6. Fidicina fumea, n. sp. (Tab. IV. figg. 4, 4a, 40.)* Q. Head and thorax above olivaceous. Head with the front marked with a central lunate spot, a central longitudinal line and the basal margin black ; vertex broadly black between the eyes, which are bronzy ; —_ * On the preceding page it was stated that five species of Fidicina were enumerated. The present (sixth) species was received from Mr. Champion since that statement was printed. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Rhynch. Homop., May 1883. *3 18 HEMIPTERA-HOMOPTERA. the ocelli pale shining castaneous. Pronotum with an elongate black spot on centre of inner border of posterior margin. Mesonotum with the following black spots and markings :—anterior margin with two central obconical spots, followed laterally on each side by a much larger and more pointed spot ; between the anterior angles of the cruciform elevation is a longitudinal and somewhat wedge-shaped spot, pointed anteriorly and widened and rounded posteriorly ; on each side of this is a small rounded spot and a basal and lateral streak; cruciform elevation greenish ochraceous. Abdomen black. Body beneath black, sparsely and ochraceously pilose; legs castaneous and more or less streaked and marked with black. Rostrum pale castaneous, the apex pitchy. Tegmina and wings pale smoky hyaline, the first with the base opaque and pitchy, and the basal half of the venation and the costal membrane greenish ochraceous, the apical venation more or less pitchy. Wings like tegmina, with the base opaque and pitchy, and the margins of the claval area of the same colour. Long. 28 millim., exp. tegm. 88 millim. Hab. Panama, Bugaba (Champion). We have as yet only received female specimens of this species from Mr. Champion. It is allied to F. opalina, Germ., from which it is easily differentiated by the much narrower abdomen and different colour of the same, different markings of the mesonotum, the smoky tegmina, &c. TIBICEN. Tibicen, Latreille, Fam. Nat. p. 426 (1825) ; Stal, Hem. Af. iv. pp. 8, 25 (1866). This and the following genera differ primarily from all the preceding by the tympana being posteriorly detached from the surface of the adjoining abdominal segment. Tibicen is another wide-spread genus, being found in all the great zoological regions, two of the best-known species being the European 7. hematodes, Linn., and the North- American 7. septemdecim, Linn. One species alone has been received from Central America, which is here described. 1. Tibicen guatemalenus, n. sp. (Tab. IT. figg. 8, 8 a, 8 3.) 3. Obscure castaneous, somewhat thickly covered with ochraceous pilosity. Area of the ocelli, a central fascia to pronotum (which is ampliated and produced on each side at anterior and posterior margins), some obscure and irregular spots on mesonotum with cruciform elevation at base, and abdomen above fuscous. Body beneath much paler and very densely pilose ; head, sternum, and opercula ashy grey; abdomen pale ochraceous. Tegmina pale hyaline; costal membrane, basal area, and claval base pale castaneous ; veins pale fuscous. Wings pale hyaline; veins and suffusion at abdominal area pale fuscous. Head, including outer margin of eyes, broader than pronotum ; face with a broad central lougitudinal sulcation and somewhat faintly transversely striate ; rostrum not quite reaching posterior coxe ; opercula reaching base of second abdominal segment, narrowest at base, with the outer margins truncate, widened and rounded posteriorly, but not quite meeting inwardly. Long. 20 millim., exp. tegm. 57 millim. Hab. Guatemata, Purula (Champion). CALYRIA. Calyria, Stal, Hem. Afr. iv. p. 9 (1866). Calyria is at once separated from the two preceding genera by the venation of the wings, which is divided into five apical areas only. CALYRIA.—CARINETA, 19 But few species are at present recorded, and those all from the Neotropical region: the two following have alone been received by us from Central America. 1. Calyria occidentis. (Tab. II. figg. 17, 17 a, 17 6.) Cephaloxys occidentis, Walk. List Hom. Suppl. p. 367. Calyria virginea, Stal, Stett. ent. Zeit. xxv. p. 56. 3797. Hab. Mexico}, Vera Cruz ?. By the kindness of Dr. Signoret I have been enabled to compare a typical specimen of C. virginea, Stal, with Walker’s species. | 2. Calyria cuna. (Tab. III. figg. 4, 4a, 46.) Cicada cuna, Walk. List Hom. i. p. 166. 109°. Calyria cuna, Stal, Ofv. Vet.-Ak. Foérh. 1862, p. 484. Cicada blanda, Stal, Rio Jan. Hem. ii. p. 22. 8°; Ofv. Vet.-Ak. Férh. 1863, p. 483. Hab. Costa Rica, Volcan de Chiriqui 2000 to 3000 feet (Champion).—Braziu 1, Rio Janeiro 2. “e CARINETA. Carineta, Amyot & Serville, Hist. des Hém. p. 482. 376 (1843); Stal, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. sér. 4, i. p. 617 (1861). Carineta is thus diagnosed by Stél:—“Areola tegminum apicalis octava septima brevior. Venula transversa basin areole apicalis octave claudens, venula basin areole septime formante interdum brevior, nunquam longior.” This genus is apparently confined to Tropical America. We here enumerate eight species. 1. Carineta viridicata, n. sp. (Tab. IV. figg. 1, 1a, 18.) Head and pronotum bright grassy green; the first with the area of the ocelli pale brownish, the eyes dark brownish. Mesonotum greenish ochraceous, with two curved darker lines at anterior margin connected near their apices by two waved lines, which form the anterior margins of a large greenish patch situate in front of the cruciform basal elevation, a lateral greenish fascia and the base rather strongly pilose. Abdomen pale ochraceous, the lateral margins slightly suffused with greenish. Body beneath and legs ochraceous, the face, opercula, and lateral margins of the abdomen pale greenish. Rostrum ochraceous, with the apex slightly pitchy. Tegmina and wings pale hyaline, the basal venation of both and the costal membrane of the first pale greenish, the apical venation more or less ochraceous. The face is very tumid; the rostrum just passes the intermediate coxe ; the anterior femora are armed with three strong spines, the first and longest near base, the other two near apex; the opercula are very small and obliquely rounded. The first apical area of the tegmina is twice the length of the second. Long. 24 millim., exp. tegm. 64 millim. Hab. Panama, Bugaba (Champion). » This species is allied to C. rufescens, Fabr. 20 HEMIPTERA-HOMOPTERA. 2. Carineta estiva, n. sp. (Tab. IV. figg. 3, 3 a, 30.) do. Head pale castaneous, very hirsute, the front ocelli and eyes ochraceous. Pronotum ochraceous tinged with greenish, the anterior and posterior margins olivaceous, the last inwardly fuscous. Mesonotum dull dark ochraceous, with two faintly indicated central obconical spots at anterior margin, two large and con- tiguous black spots between the anterior branches of the basal cruciform elevation, a more obscure black spot on each side of the same, and the basal lateral margins pale greenish. Abdomen above and beneath castaneous. Head and thorax beneath ochraceous and pilose; legs pale castaneous ; coxs#, femoral apices, and tibial bases ochraceous. Rostrum pale castaneous, the base ochraceous, the apex pitchy and reaching the posterior coxe. Tegmina and wings pale and very slightly smoky hyaline; venation ochraceous towards base, and pale fuscous towards apex; first apical area much longer than second, and about equal in length to fourth, fifth, and sixth. The face is long, moderately convex, with a distinct narrow longitudinal sulcation and somewhat faint trans- verse striations. Anterior femora armed beneath and near apex with three spines, the first, long an prominent, the others small. Long. 23 millim., exp. tegm. 68 millim. Hab. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui, 4000 to 6000 feet (Champion). 3, Carineta verna, n. sp. (Tab. IV. figg. 2, 2a, 20.) dé. Head with the vertex pale castaneous, the front greenish and the eyes fuscous. Pronotum green, tinged with ochraceous. Mesonotum dull ochraceous, with two faintly indicated central obconical spots at ante- rior margin, a small rounded black spot near each anterior branch of the cruciform basal elevation, and the basal lateral margins pale greenish. Abdomen above and beneath pale castaneous. Head and thorax beneath pale greenish ochraceous and pilose; legs ochraceous, more or less tinged with greenish, tarsal claws and the extreme apices of intermediate and posterior tibie fuscous. Rostrum ochraceous, the apex pitchy and reaching the posterior coxew. Tegmina and wings pale hyaline, the venation greenish and ochraceous ; first apical area much longer than second, and about equal in length to fourth, fifth, and sixth. Anterior femora armed beneath near apex with three prominent and distinct spines, gradually decreasing in size. Long. 20 millim., exp. tegm. 63 millim. Hab. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui, 4000 to 6000 feet (Champion). This species is very closely allied to the last, but differs in many essential points, such as the much smaller abdomen, the different markings of the mesonotum, and the different colour of the eyes; in the former species the wings and tegmina are slightly but still distinctly infuscated, whilst in C. verna they are perfectly clear; and the face of the last is less robust and convex than that of the former. In C. verna the femoral spines are considerably more prominent than in C. estiva. 4, Carineta trivittata. (Tab. II. figg. 18, 13 a, 134.) Carineta trivittata, Walk. Ins. Saund. Hom. p. 22°. Hab. Mexico!; GuatemaLa, San Geronimo, Panima (Champion); Costa Rica (Mus. * Berol. ); Panama, “Volcan de Chiriqui (Champion). A Guatemalan specimen is here figured. 5. Carineta cinara. (Tab. III. figg. 11, 11a, 112.) 9. Body above castaneous, sparingly covered with greyish pubescence. Front of head pale ochraceous, with a central longitudinal impression. Pronotum with a central 5 ¢-shaped space, denoted and bordered by strie, on each side of which are two oblique striz, the outer one submarginal and somewhat curved. Meso- CARINETA. 21 notum darker in colour, with two very ill-defined discal paler fascie ; cruciform elevation at base ochraceous. Body beneath concolorous, with the face pale ochraceous. Tegmina and wings pale smoky hyaline; teg- mina with a central pair of longitudinal smoky fascie in apical areas (excluding first), those in the eighth area indistinct, and a single series of the same on outer margin. The head, including eyes, is about equal in width to mesonotum, and narrower than base of pronotum. The face has a narrow central longitudinal sulcation, the sides are strongly transversely striated, with the inter- stices wide apart. The abdomen beneath has the lateral margins much raised. The anterior femora are armed with three long and strong spines, and the posterior tibie with three inner and two outer long, slender, marginal spines. First apical area of the tegmina very much longer than the second. Long. 17-18 millim., exp. tegm. 48-54 millim. Hab. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui, 2000 to 3000 feet (Champion). Two female specimens of this species have been received from Mr. Champion ; but as yet I have not seen the male. It seems, however, of a distinct nature, the length | of the smoky longitudinal strie to the tegmina being a distinctive character. The venation is also slightly different from any other species with which I am at present acquainted. 6. Carineta indecora. (Tab. II. figg. 18, 18a, 18 4.) Cicada indecora, Walk. Ins. Saund. Hom. p. 18°. Hab. Costa Rica (coll. Dist.) —Cotomsta !, Bogota (coll. Dist.). A Costa-Rican specimen is here figured. The abdomen beneath has a wide central longitudinal black fascia, a character not mentioned by Walker in his description. 7. Carineta marginella. (Tab. II. figg. 16, 16 a, 163.) Cicada marginella, Walk. List Hom. Suppl. p. 21°. Carineta ancilla, Stal, Stett. ent. Zeit. xxv. p. 57. 380°. Hab. Muxico? (Bilimek, Mus. Vind. Ces.; Mus. Berol.), Orizaba!; British Honpuras, river Sarstoon (Blancaneaux); GuatTEMALA, Zapote (Champion); Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui, 2000 to 3000 feet (Champion). : In some specimens the typical black markings on the head and lateral margins of the pronotum are absent. A Guatemalan specimen is figured. 8. Carineta lugubrina. (Tab. II. figg. 19, 19 a, 194.). Carineta lugubrina, Stal, Stett. ent. Zeit. xxv. p. 57. 381". Hab. Muxico! (Mus. Berol.). Fam. FULGORIDE. Fulgorelle, Latreille, Gen. iii. p. 163 (1807) ; Spin. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. sér. 1, viii. pp. 183 & 202 (1839). Fulgoride, Leach, Edinb. Encycl. ix. (1817) ; Westw. Intr. Mod. Class. Ins. ii. p. 427 (1840) ; Fieb. Verh. d. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, xvi. p. 497 (1866). Fulgorina, Burm. Handb. ii. 1, pp. 102 & 144 (1835). Fulgorida, Stal, Hem. Afr. iv. p. 128 (1866). [29 . HEMIPTERA-HOMOPTERA. Most authorities are now content to follow the excellent diagnosis of this family as given by Stal, in which he has systematically and accurately separated its divisions or subfamilies, and which arrangement will be followed here. Mr. Pascoe has recently (Ann. & Mag. N. H., ser. 5, ix. p. 424 e¢ seg.) published a “ Note on the Classification of the Homoptera,” in compiling which he does not seem to have consulted Stal’s writings, as he makes no reference to them. In this classification he has elevated some of these subfamilies to family rank; and the only reason I have not quoted him in the synonymical notes above is that he describes his “‘ Fulgoride” as having the “head pro- longed anteriorly,” a character which I cannot consider as of at all universal application. Subfam. FULGORINAL. Fulgorides, Amyot & Serville, Hist. des Hém. p. 488 (1843). ; Fulgorida, Stal, Hem. Afr. iv. pp. 129 & 131 (1866); Stett. ent. Zeit. xxxi. pp. 255 & 282 (1870). Fulgorina, Berg, Hem. Argent. p. 213 (1879). i In this subfamily the anal area of the wings is reticulated, and, to use the further diagnosis of Stal, ‘‘ carina frontem et genas separante in latera clypei continuata.” _~ LATERNARIA. Laternaria, Linneus, Mus. Lud. Ulr. p. 152 (1764) ; Stal, Hem. Afr. iv. p. 182 (1866); Stett. ent. Zeit. xxxi. p. 284 (1870). Fulgora, subg. Fulgora, Burm. Gen. Ins. 18 (1840). The extraordinary elongation, dilatation, and inflation of the head render the species of this genus of extremely easy recognition, and in a.work of this kind requires no further elucidation. The differentiation of the species, however, owing to their great — superficial resemblance, is a labour of greater complexity; and I have therefore given a rough synoptical key of the same. Of the five species thus enumerated three have already been received from Central America, the other two are distinguished by an _ asterisk. , Ocellatea spot to wings conjointly bipupillate. Head longer than abdomen a Head shorter than abdomen Ocellated spot to wings distinctly and separately bipupillate. Smaller pupillate spot partly fuscous. ‘Pupillate spots contiguous. Length of, head equal to distance from posterior apex of meso- notum to apex of abdominal anal appendage Pupillate spots remote. Length of head shorter than distance from posterior apex of mesonotum to apex of abdominal anal. appendage . . I. servillei, Spin. ‘Smaller pupillate spot entirely white . . . . . . . 1.) *Z. ducifera, Germ. . *L. phosphorea, Linn. LL. castresii, Guér. L. lampetis, Burm. LATERNARIA.—PHRICTUS. 28 Laternaria is a truly Neotropical genus; and it was to one of its species that the attribute of luminosity was first applied. The evidence for and against the luminosity of the Fulgorine has been so thoroughly stated, and the negative evidence in the writer’s view so thoroughly established, that little need be added, save that Dr. Hagen (Ent. Mon. Mag. i. p. 250) has proposed the alternative hypothesis that the species are “only luminous at certain seasons, or, which is very credible, the luminosity may be confined to one sex.” 1. Laternaria castresii. Fulgora castresii, Guér. Mag. Zool. t. 173 & t. 174. ff. 83&4'; Westw. Trans. Linn. Soc. xviii. p. 188. 2*; Spin. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. viii. p. 214. 3; Burm. Gen. Ins. i. 8, Rhyn. Cic. Fulg. 4°. , Hab. Mexico1?3 (Mus. Berol.), Playa Vicente (Hége); Valladolid, in Yucatan (Gaumer). 2. Laternaria lampetis. Fulgora lampetis, Burm. Gen. Ins. 1, 8, Rhyn. Cic. Fulg. 2°. Stoll, Cig. fig. 1. Hab. Costa Rica (Mus. Berol.); Panama, Chiriqui (coll. Dist.).—Brazit, Bahia !. 3. Laternaria servillei. (Tab. V. figg. 1, 1 a, 13.) Fulgora servillii, Spin. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. viii. p. 214.2; Burm. Gen. Ins. i. 8, Rhyn. Cic. Fulg. 3'; Stal, Rio Jan. Hem. ii. p. 1.17. Hab. Panama, Bugaba 800-1500 feet, Volcan de Chiriqui 3000 to 4000 feet (Champion).—BraziL, Rio Janeiro !?. Lhave no hesitation in identifying these Panama specimens as belonging to Spinola’s species, owing to their agreement with Burmeister’s description of that species in several most important and essential particulars. Thus, of the head “supra utrinque nigro-maculato,” and “colore viridiore,” and “ventre sanguineo” are characteristic descriptions which prove most applicable to the specimens now before me, one of which is here figured. PHRICTUS. Phrictus, Spinola, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. viii. p. 216 (1839); Stal, Hem. Afr. iv. p. 1382 (1866) ; Stett. ent. Zeit. xxxi. p. 284 (1870). In this genus the head is very much produced, the prolongation ‘being porrect and dentate, the apex recurved and angularly or dentately lobate. Phrictus, according to our present knowledge, is a genus very small in extent, and quite confined to Tropical America, where apparently it is not found south of the Brazilian subregion, nor so far north as Mexico. Two species have at present been received from Central America. 24 HEMIPTERA-HOMOPTERA. 1. Phrictus diadema, var. (Tab. IV. figg. 5, 5 a, 56.) Fulgora diadema, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. 2, p. 708.2; Gmel. Syst. Nat. i. 4, p. 2089. 2; Lindenb. Naturg. xiii. p. 20, t. 3. f.3; Fabr. Syst. Ent. p. 673. 2; Mant. Ins. ii. p. 260.3; Sp. Ins. ii. p.313. 8; Ent. Syst. iv. p. 2.3; Syst. Rhynch. p. 2.3; Oliv. Enc. Méth. vi. p. 567. 3, t. 109. f. 2; Donov. Nat. Repos. v. p. 145; Germ. Thon. Arch. ii. 2, p. 46.3; Burm. Handb. i. 169. 4; Blanch. Hist. Nat. Ins. iii. p. 169. 3!; Westw. in Drury, Ins. edit. 2, p. 78; Trans. Linn. ‘Soe. xviii. p. 147. 24. Fulgora armata, Drury, Ins. iii. p. 76, t. 50. f. 4. Phrictus diadema, Spin. Aun. Soc. Ent. Fr. viii. p. 219; A. & 8. Hist. des Hém. p. 495. 1°. Phrictus diadema, var., Walk. List Hom. ii. p. 264°. | Stoll, Cig. fig. 22. Hab. Brrvish Honpuras?; Nicaragua, Chontales (Janson).—Gutana, Cayenne? ; Braziu }. The Nicaraguan variety here figured agrees with that described by Walker from Honduras °. 2. Phrictus quinquepartitus, n. sp. (Tab. IV. figg. 8, 8a, 83.) ¢. Head castaneous, the prolongation armed on each side with two pairs of spines arranged one above the other, with their apices fuscous, the apex recurved as in P. diadema, but furnished with five spines or angles, the central longest; this prolongation terminates posteriorly behind the eyes in a long, suberect and posteriorly directed black spine on each side, with their bases deeply excavated ; beneath is a central rugosity, on each side of which it is deeply excavated. Pronotum pale castaneous, with a prominent central longitudinal carination, on each side of which it is distinctly foveate, and with the lateral angles acute and ornamented with a broad black fascia on each side. Mesonotum ochraceous, tinged with fuscous, with three black spots, one near each anterior angle, and one larger and less well defined near apex. Abdomen above black, with the base more or less suffused with a white waxy excrescence, and with the apical margin pale castaneous. Body beneath ochraceous, suffused with fuscous ; the legs fuscous, with the knees castaneous; posterior tibie armed with a series of five spines, and with an irregular cluster of spines at apex. Tegmina bright castaneous, crossed by a waved subapical fascia, bifurcate posteriorly, and inwardly white and outwardly pale obscure ochraceous ; and more or less margined on each side with black ; before this fascia the veins are greenish ochraceous ; and beyond are a number of greenish ochraceous suffusions ; a costal series of black spots, an obscure outer submarginal black line preceded by some small spots of the same colour. Wings with the abdominal area pale fuscous, and with the reticulated veinlets greyish ; basal area red, marked with some large irregular blackish spots and a few minute whitish spots ; apical area blackish, with a few very pale bluish spots. Long. ¢ 30 to 34 millim., 9 37 to 41 millim., exp. tegm. ¢ and @ 68 to 80 millim. Hab. Panama (Boucard), Volcan de Chiriqui 3000 to 4000 feet, Bugaba (Champion). —CotomBia, Bogota (Chesterton, coll. Dist.). This species is at once structurally differentiated from both P. diadema and P. ocellatus by the five-spined lobate apex of the prolonged head. DIAREUSA.—AMYCLE, 25 DIAREUSA. Diareusa, Walker, List Hom., Suppl. p. 43 (1858). This is a well-marked genus, and, according to Walker, “connects Phrictus and Hotinus*, resembling the former in the structure of the fore wings, and the latter in the structure of the head.” This is but a statement of apparent resemblance or rough approximation to the position of the genus; it, however, seems best placed after Phrictus and before Enchophora in this enumeration. Diareusa, according to our present knowledge, contains but one species, and that apparently confined to Central America and the Colombian subregion. This generic name has apparently been overlooked ; it is not included in the ‘ Nomen- clator Zoologicus’ of Mr. Scudder, nor has Stal referred to it in his ‘“ Conspectus Generum ” of the American Fulgoride. 1. Diareusa annularis. Fulgora annularis, Oliv. Enc. Méth. vi. p. 568.6; Westw. Trans. Linn. Soc. xviii, p. 140. 9°. Flata annularis, Germ. in Thon’s Arch. ii. 2, p. 47. 3. Pyrops annularis, Spin. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. sér. 1, viii. p. 240. 8. Phrictus annularis, Walk. List Hom., ii. p. 264. 27. Diareusa annularis, Walk. List Hom., Suppl. p. 44°. Stoll, Cig. fig. 69. Hab. Mexico (Sallé); Guatemata®; Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui 4000 to 6000 feet (Champion).—CotomBta °, Bogota®; Guiana, Surinam ! 2, Mr. Champion has contributed the following note respecting this species :—‘“ The colour of the tegmina changes after death ; during life it is a mossy green, which makes the insect difficult to distinguish when resting on mossy tree-trunks. Only found in forests of high elevation.” AMYCLE. Amycle, Stal, Stett. ent. Zeit. xxii. p. 148 (1861) ; Hem. Afr. iv. p. 186 (1866); Stett. ent. Zeit. xxxi. p. 291 (1870). Cyrpoptus, sect. ii. Amyele (sic), Stal, Berl. ent. Zeitschr. vi. p. 305 (1862). This genus I only know from Stél’s description and Prof. Westwood’s figure of the typical species. It is evidently, from the structure of the cephalic protuberance, allied to Diareusa. Had Stal lived, he would doubtless have catalogued the Homoptera with his usual lucidity and thoroughness. It becomes, however, both a puzzle and waste of time to attempt to unravel the many genera he founded in this family éither without specifying types, or alluding to such subsequently, in other publications of a miscellaneous * Now usually considered a synonym of the Eastern genus Fulgora, BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Rhynch. Homop., August 1887, *4 26 HEMIPTERA-HOMOPTERA. character. The present genus is somewhat a case in point; it was founded in 1861, and here the type was given; but in 1862 Stal proposed the genus Cyrpoptus, in which he sank his previously-described genus Amycle as a section—a course of nomenclature which ought not to be followed. I can find no trace of Cyrpoptus in the same author’s “Conspectus Generum” of the Fulgoride, published in 1866 in his ‘ Hemiptera Africana,’ where Amycle only is noticed; but in 1870, in his ‘ Die amerikanischen Fulgoriden-Gattungen,’ he diagnoses both Amycle and Cyrpoptus as distinct genera, an alternate view which I gladly follow, as the structural characters seem not only distinct but divergent. | 1. Amycle amabilis. Fulgora (Episcius ?) amabilis, Westw. Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. ix. p. 119; Arc. Ent. 1. p. 89, t. 71. f.1%. — . Episcius (?) amabilis, Walk. Cat. Homopt. ii. p. 283. 2. Amycle amabilis, Stal, Stett. ent. Zeit. xxii. p. 148. 1. Cyrpoptus (Amyele) amabilis, Stal, Berl, ent. Zeitschr. vi. p. 305. 2. Cyrpoptus amabilis, Stal, Stett. ent. Zeit. xxv. p. 50. 3497. . Hab. Mextco 12. - We have not received a single example of this species in any of our Central-American collections, and I only know it from Prof. Westwood’s figure. 2. Amycle sodalis. Amycle sodalis, Stal, Stett. ent. Zeit. xxii. p. 148. 2'. Cyrpoptus (Amyele) sodalis, Stal, Berl. ent. Zeitschr. vi. p. 805. 3. Cyrpoptus sodalis, Stal, Stett. ent. Zeit. xxv. p. 50. 350°. Hab. Mexico 12. This species is only known to me from the original description. ENCHOPHORA. ‘Enchophora, Spinola, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. sér. 1, viii. pp. 202, 221 (1839) ; Amyot & Serville, Hist. des Hém. p. 496 (1843) ; Stal, Hem. Afr. iv. p. 133 (1866) ; Stett. ent. Zeit. xxxi. p. 284 (1870). Fulgora, subg. Enchophora, Burmeister, Gen. Ins. t. 19. The salient features of this genus have been well epitomized by Stal, as follows :— “Processu capitis maxime recurvo, apice trilobo; thorace carina valde elevata, basi oblique truncata, instructo; tegminibus densissime reticulatis; antennarum articulo secundo valde transverso.” | Comparatively little is known of this genus, which is evidently focussed in the heart of the Neotropical region. The number of species (certainly not exhaustive) here enumerated as found in Central America indicate that the great Brazilian subregion itself must contain very. many undiscovered species, and therefore little at the present “ENCHOPHORA. 27 moment can be said as to the specific extent or restricted distribution of Enchophora, which may probably prove to be not uncommon in the Antilles. 1. Enchophora stillifer, (Tab. IV. figg. 14, 14 a, 143.) Phrictus stillifer, Stal, Ber]. ent. Zeitschr. vi. p. 303. 1°. Enchophora stillifera, Stal, Stett. ent. Zeit. xxv. p. 49. 3467. Hab. Mexico 1? (Hoge, coll. Dist.); GuatemMaa, Sabo in Vera Paz (Champion); Panama, Bugaba, Volcan de Chiriqui 2000 to 3000 feet (Champion). This species is not uncommon in Central America. It was formerly very rare in collections, the type in that of Dr. Signoret being the only specimen I was acquainted with. It has since, however, been found not uncommonly by Mr. Champion, and who to three specimens appended the following note:—‘ These specimens had one or two parasitic living larve firmly attached to the abdomen and enveloped in the white fluff with which the bodies of these insects are covered when alive” *. 2. Enchophora rosacea, n. sp. (Tab. IV. figg. 11, 11 a, 115.) Head, pronotum, and mesonotum greenish, mottled with dull ochraceous ; eyes castaneous ; antennz carmine. Tegmina pale stramineous, with the veins greenish, the basal and claval ares blotched with carmine ; the apex dull dark stramineous, minutely spotted with greyish and preceded by an irregular transverse greyish fascia. Wings pale greyish, the apex somewhat palely infuscated and the base narrowly pale greenish. Abdomen above pale dull ochraceous, with a longitudinal median fuscous fascia, somewhat greenish at the lateral margins, and with a narrow transverse greyish fascia before the anal appendage. Body beneath dull ochraceous, margined and shaded with greenish; legs greenish, with the tarsi castaneous. The central frontal carina is keeled and does not reach the posterior margin, thus agreeing with the structure of EL. stillifer ; but the cephalic protuberance is much shorter than in that species. Long. excl. tegm. 21 millim., exp. tegm. 54 millim. Hab. Nicaraava, Chontales (coll. Dist.). This beautiful and distinct species is at present represented in my collection by a single specimen. It was obtained from Mr. Janson, and was probably captured and sent home by his son. 3. Enchophora sanguinea, ©. sp. (Tab. IV. figg. 16, 16 a, 16 6.) Head, pronotum, and mesonotum brown, mottled with fuscous; eyes pale brownish. Tegmina pale dull red- dish, the veins somewhat olivaceous, and with dark olivaceous reticulations ; apical area brownish-ochra- ceous, preceded by a pale waved transverse fascia, and containing a few minute greyish spots. Wings pale sanguineous, the apex (broadly) and the posterior margin pale fuscous. Abdomen above sanguineous. Body beneath as above; legs dark olivaceous, with their basal portions more or less dark sanguineous. The central pronotal carina is much less prominent than in the preceding species, and reaches the posterior margin ; the rostrum does not reach the penultimate segment. Long. excl. tegm. 21 millim., exp. tegm. 50 millim. Hab. Guatemata (coll. Dist.) ; Panama (Boucard). * Prof. Westwood (Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 1876, p. 519, t. 7. figg. 1-17) has described and figured a Lepi- dopterous insect, Epipyrops anomala, the larva of which is parasitic in a similar way on Pulgora candelana. 4* 2 28 HEMIPTERA-HOMOPTERA. I have no precise localities for the two specimens of this species. The one from Guatemala formed part of a collection of Rhynchota purchased from Mr. Janson some years since, and that from Panama was procured from M. Boucard. 4. Enchophora florens, n. sp. (Tab. IV. figg. 12, 12 a, 12.) Enchophora sanguinea, var. ? This species is closely allied to H. sanguinea; it principally differs by the colour and pattern of the tegmina, which are either wholly pale greenish or olivaceous (as in the specimen figured) or spotted with reddish- ochraceous. In other respects it resembles the preceding species, and I have been unable to find any good structural differential characters. Long. excl. tegm. 18 to 21 millim., exp. tegm. 42 to 45 millim. Hab. Nicaraava, Chontales (Janson) ; Costa Rica, Cache (Rogers). An allied species is found in Colombia *. 5. Enchophora subviridis, n. sp. (Tab. IV. figg. 17, 174,172.) Head and pronotum olivaceous; mesonotum brownish-olivaceous ; eyes very pale castaneous. Tegmina pale olivaceous, the apical area somewhat brownish, minutely spotted with greyish. Wings ochraceous, with a bronzy hue, the apex and outer margins broadly fuscous. Abdomen ahove fuscous, beneath sanguineous. Head and thorax beneath and the legs olivaceous. The central pronotal carina is similar to that in EH. sanguinea and EL. florens, and, as in these species, reaches the posterior margin ; but the rostrum is longer and about reaches the terminal segment. Long. excl. tegm. 19 to 20 millim., exp. tegm. 42 to 47 millim. Hab. Panama (Boucard), Bugaba (Champion), Chiriqui (Arcé). Var. a. (Tab. 1V. figg. 15, 15a, 15 0.) All the olivaceous coloration replaced by bronzy-ochraceous or pale brownish. Hab. Panama, Chiriqui (fibbe, Mus. Vind. Ces.). COANACO, gen. nov. This genus is allied to Enchophora, from which it differs by the absence of the strongly raised central thoracic carina and by the broader pronotum ; the lateral and grooved margins of the pronotum attain to almost the centre of the eyes, and are not distinctly posterior to and separated from the eyes as in Hnchophora. Two species are here enumerated, one of which (C. guttata, White) is taken as typical of the genus. White evidently saw the generic distinctness of his species, as he appended to his description the remark “seems to form a connecting-link between Enchophora and Aphana.” * Enchophora longirostris, n. sp. Resembling E. florens, but the tegmina pale greenish-grey, mottled with a few irregular shadings or spots of pale olivaceous. Other colour-markings generally as in HL. florens, but the rostrum reaching the base of the anal appendage. Dimensions as in Z. florens. Hab. CoLomBia. COANACO.—AMALIVACA. 29 1. Coanaco guttata. (Tab. IV. fige. 10, 10a, 104.) Enchophora guttata, White, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. 1846, xvii. p. 331". Aphena guttata, Walk. List Hom. ii. p. 276. 14. Hab. Muxtco, Jalapa (Hoge); Guaremata, San Isidro (Champion); Panama, Bugaba, Tolé (Champion). White gave the somewhat vague locality “South America”, a habitat in any case too loose for any scientific purpose, and, in this instance, possibly erroneous. 2. Coanaco ornanda, n. sp. (Tab. IV. figg. 13, 13a, 13 3.) Head, pronotum, and mesonotum fuscous. Tegmina fuscous, the claval area much paler; the apical area orna- mented with pale spots, and the basal area with scattered black spots, some of which have red centres. Wings dark fuscous, with about two thirds of the area from the base ornamented with bluish-grey spots, and with a few minute greyish spots at the apex. Abdomen above dark sanguineous, the two basal segments, some median segmental spots, and the anal appendage black. Body beneath and the legs dull reddish, the face and the margins of the prosternum dull luteous. Long. excl. tegm. 16 millim., exp. tegm. 45 to 48 millim. Hab. Panama, Chiriqui (Ribbe, Mus. Vind. Ces.), Bugaba, Tolé (Champion). OBIA, gen. nov. The face in this genus is distinctly longer than broad, the outer margin carinate, slightly sinuate at about the middle of the lateral margins, and moderately ampliated posteriorly ; it has three central subparallel carine. The arrangement of the claval veins is as in Aphana and Amantia. 1. Obia tenebrosa, n. sp. (Tab. V. figg. 17, 17 a.) Head, pronotum, and mesonotum ochraceous-brown ; the pronotum with a black cruciform impression, and the mesonotum with blackish spots and markings. om reddish-ochraceous, the basal area with blackish markings, the apical area duller in hue and marked with large irregular greyish spots. Wings sangui- neous, with the apical, posterior, and abdominal margins broadly blackish. Abdomen above blackish, with the lateral margins brownish-ochraceous ; head beneath and the sternum and legs, pale brownish- ochraceous, more or less spotted and marked with blackish ; abdomen beneath blackish, the tibiee some- what distinctly annulated with that colour. Long. excl. tegm. 15 millim., exp. tegm. 46 millim. Hab. Mexico, Jalapa (coll. Dist.). AMALIVACA, gen. nov. In this genus the face is longer than broad, and its lateral margins are ampliated and sublaminate posteriorly; it has two central carine united before the apex, and the surface between the carine is concavely excavated ; the facial base is angularly deflexed. 30 _ HEMIPTERA-HOMOPTERA. ' The head above is broad, with the apex of the face appearing as a slight and sub- obsolete protuberance in front. The tegmina and wings are elongate and narrow. I am unable to find any described genus which agrees with the very peculiar facial characters noticed above, and which are given in outline as represented in the typical species (Tab. V. fig. 18 a). 1. Amalivaca fucata, n. sp. (Tab. V. figg. 18, 18 a.) Head, pronotum, and mesonotum obscure olivaceous. Tegmina with the basal area purplish, spotted with black, the largest spot a little beyond the middle ; claval area pale olivaceous ; costal area pale olivaceous, spotted with purplish ; apical area subhyaline, the veins brownish, and with irregular reticulated brownish markings. Wings blackish, with some basal resplendent greenish streaks and two spots of the same colour above the anal angle, and a large pale subhyaline marginal spot a little before the apex. Abdomen above blackish ; body beneath and the legs obscure ochraceous; the legs spotted and annulated with purplish- brown ; apex of the abdomen blackish. Long. excl. tegm. 15 millim., exp. tegm. 40 millim. Hab. Costa Rica, Cache (ogers). AMANTIA. Amantia, Stal, Stett. ent. Zeit. xxv. p. 49 (1864) ; Hem. Afr. iv. p. 136 (1866); Stett. ent. Zeit. xxxi. p. 289 (1870). This genus is easily recognized by the structure of the head, “ caput latissimum, antice rotundatum,” at least so far as the genera of this fauna are concerned. Two species only are recorded—one which is here enumerated ; the other is found in Colombia. 1. Amantia imperatoria. (Tab. IV. figg. 7, 7a.) _Poiocera imperatoria, Gerst., in Wiegm. Archiv f. Naturg. xxvi. p. 231, t. 11. f. 7°. Hab. Costa Rica (Mus. Berol.1, Van Patten); Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui 2500 to 4000 feet (Champion). The specimen figured is the original type described by Gerstaecker, for the loan of which we are indebted to the authorities of the Berlin Museum. A coloured figure has not previously been given. | ACRAHPHTA. ; Acraephia, Stal, Hem. Afr. iv. p. 186 (1866); Stett. ent. Zeit. xxxi. p. 289 (1870). This genus is allied to Amantia, but not only differs by the smaller and less-developed head, but also by the sinuated posterior margin of the pronotum. It is a genus of considerable extent, and its distribution is at least.focussed in the Neotropical region. Although only two species are here enumerated as representing Acrephia in our fauna, others doubtless remain to be discovered. | ‘ACRAPHIA.—POBLICIA. . 31 1. Acrephia perspicillata. 7 Cicada perspicillata, Fabr. Sp. Ins. ii. p. 322.1; Mant. Ins. ii. p. 268.1; Ent. Syst. iv. p. 27. Gmel. Syst. Nat. i. 4, p. 2104. 115. Lystra perspicillata, Fabr. Syst. Rhyn. p. 59.18, 2; Germ. Mag. Ent. iii. p. 227. 2; Germ. in Thon’s Arch. ii. 2, p. 55. 27. Fulgora perspicillata, Oliv. Enc. Méth. vi. p. 574. 34. Peocera. perspicillata, Burm. Handb. Ent. ii. 2, p. 165.1°*; Blanch. Hist. Nat. Ins. iii. p. 171, Hém. t. 13. f. 17; Amy. & Serv. Hist. des Hém. p. 500. 1’. Poiocera perspicillata, Spin. Aun. Soe. Ent. Fr. vii. p. 277. 1°; Walk. List Hom. ii. p. 291. 2°; Suppl. p. 49°. Lystra luctuosa?, Guér. Voy. Cog. p. 188. Cicada atrata, Fabr. Ent. Syst. iv. p. 31. 19. Stoll, Cig. fig. 5. Hab. Mexico, Valladolid in Yucatan (Gawmer); Guatemata, San Gerénimo (Cham- pion); PanaMa, Bugaba, David (Champion).—Guiana, Cayenne?; Brazi?45, Bahia?. This species is of a variable character, as pointed out by Walker ®. The tegmina are sometimes nearly black, and sometimes greenish-luteous obscurely spotted with testa- ceous; in the last case the head and thorax above also partake of the same hue. 2. Acrephia fastuosa, (Tab. IV. figg. 9, 9a.) Poiocera fastuosa, Gerst. in Wiegm. Archiv f. Naturg. xxvi. p. 221. 18, t. 11. f. 3°. Hab. Mexico}. We have not received specimens of this species in any of the collections made by Mr. Champion, The type contained in the Berlin Museum is here figured. POBLICIA. Poblicia, Stal, Hem. Afr. iv. p. 188 (1866) ; Stett. ent. Zeit. xxxi. p. 290 (1870). This and some other allied genera appear to be most readily distinguished by the shape and surface-markings of the face, for which our plates may be consulted: Stal, in his ‘Conspectus,’ thus diagnoses Poblicia:—‘ Fronte clypeoque in eodem plano distincte jacentibus, hoc apice leviter inflexo.” ' Three species are now included in our fauna. 1. Poblicia misella. (Tab. V. figg. 6, 6a.) Peocera misella, Stal, Stett. ent. Zeit. xxiv. p. 239. 1°; xxv. p. 49. 347. Poblicia misella, Stal, Berl. ent. Zeitschr. 1866, p. 390. Hab. Mexico, Oaxaca} (Mus. Holm.). The type in the collection of the Stockholm Museum is here figured. 32 HEMIPTERA-HOMOPTERA. 2. Poblicia constellata. (Tab. IV. figg. 6, 6 a.) Poiocera constellata, Walk. List Hom., Suppl. p. 50°. Poiocera tricolor, Gerst. in Wiegm. Archiv f. Naturg. xxvi. p. 238, t. 11. f. 11°. Hab. Mexico 12, Jalapa (Hége); Guatemata, San Gerénimo, San Joaquin in Vera Paz (Champion). oe The typical specimen described by Gerstaecker under the name of P. tricolor is here figured. 3. Poblicia atomaria. (Tab. V. figg. 2, 2a.) Poiocera atomaria, Walk. List Hom., Suppl. p. 49°. Hab. Mexico!; Guatumara, Calderas (Champion). This name isnot a synonym of P. constellata, as stated by Stal (Cifv. Vet.-Ak. Forh. 1862, p. 486), who was evidently led into the error by only examining the “unset” specimens of the species in the British-Museum collection. DOMITIA. Domitia, Stal, Hem. Afr. iv. p. 188 (1866); Berl. ent. Zeitschr. 1866, p. 390; Stett. ent. Zeit. XXxl. p. 290 (1870). I place the following species in this genus, of which I fortunately possess specimens of the type as given by Stal, viz. D. basistella, Walk., an Antillean insect. With this type our species generally agree, excepting in the form of the carinal markings of the face, a character alone too insignificant for fresh generic subdivision. 1. Domitia neotropicalis, n. sp. (Tab. V. figg. 3, 3a.) Head and eyes ochraceous ; pronotum olivaceous-green, with discal black spots; mesonotum olivaceous-green, tinged with ochraceous, with four central longitudinal and a marginal series of rounded black spots ; abdomen dull sanguineous, the base and a series of transverse discal streaks black ; the posterior segmental margins narrowly pale greenish-ochraceous. Tegmina fuscous, with the veins and reticulations green spotted with ochraceous; the costal spots very distinct; apical area pale fuscous-hyaline ; the venation fuscous. Wings pale fuscous-hyaline, the venation fuscous ; the basal third black, with pale bluish-green reticulations and some basal spots of the same colour. Face and sternum pale olivaceous, shaded with brown ; legs brownish-olivaceous. Abdomen beneath as above, but duller in hue. Rostrum reaching the penultimate segment. Long. excl. tegm. 16 to 19 millim., exp. tegm. 54 to 58 millim. Hab. Mexico, Jalapa, environs of city (Hége); GuaremaLa, San Gerénimo ( Champion) ; Nicaragua, Chontales (Janson); Panama, David (Champion). This species is allied to D. flavo-punctata (Perty), from which it differs by the greater hyaline area of the wings, different colour of the abdomen, &c. DOMITIA.—HYP#PA. 33 2. Domitia obscura, n. sp. (Tab. V. figg. 10, 10a.) Smaller than D. neotropicalis ; the wings relatively narrower. Body generally as in the preceding species, but ochraceous instead of olivaceous. Tegmina with more than the basal half ochraceous, with darker markings between the reticulations; some costal spots and its apical margin fuscous; the remaining apical area pale fuscous-hyaline, the venation fuscous. Wings obscure hyaline, pale, the venation fuscous ; the basal third black with pale stramineous reticulations, and with some basal spots of the same colour. Face, sternum, and legs ochraceous; abdomen beneath and the rostrum brownish-ochraceous, the rostrum extending to the base of the apical segment. Long. excl. tegm. 15 millim., exp. tegm. 45 millim. Hab. Mexico, Presidio (Forrer). I include the following species in this genus with considerable hesitation, owing to the greater width of the head between the eyes compared with the lateral margins of the pronotum. On the other hand, the general characters and the form of coloration pertain to Domitia; and I have found it absolutely impossible to determine whether it may not belong to some other genus of Stal, of which the description is contained only in a “ conspectus generum” without the type being given, or, when given, referable to some described but unfigured species originally referred to another genus. As remarked before, owing to the premature death of Stal, his Homopteral work is in a somewhat confused and unravelled condition, and is in striking contrast to the Heteropteral work, which is thoroughly digested and elaborated. 3. Domitia(?) miscella, n. sp. (Tab. V. figg. 7, 7.) Head, pronotum, and mesonotum olivaceous, the mesonotum generally tinged with ochraceous ; metanotum, scutellum, and the base of the abdomen blackish; abdomen sanguineous. Tegmina with the basal two thirds very dark olivaceous, the veins and reticulations pale olivaceous and spotted with ochraceous, some costal spots being very prominent; apical area dull ochraceous and subhyaline, the venation very pale olivaceous. Wings pale hyaline, the venation fuscous, the basal third blackish with blue basal spots. Face, clypeus, and sternum olivaceous-green; abdomen beneath dull reddish, the basal margins of the segments somewhat broadly ochraceous, the apical margins narrowly pale olivaceous; legs castaneous, the tarsi piceous. Tegmina beneath with the venation and reticulation of the basal two thirds bluish. Long. excl. tegm. 15 millim., exp. tegm. 35 to 42 millim. Hab. Panama (Boucard), Bugaba (Champion). HYPAPA. Hypepa, Stal, Berl. ent. Zeitschr. 1862, p. 306; Hem. Afr. iv. p. 187 (1866); Stett. ent. Zeit. xxi. p. 291 (1870). We are in no doubt as to this genus, St&l having specified H. costata, Fabr., as the type. : Three species are here included, and the genus will probably be found to be well represented when these little-collected insects have been properly sought in the Neo- tropical region. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Rhynch. Homop., November 1887. *5 34 HEMIPTERA-HOMOPTERA. 1. Hypepa illuminata, n. sp. (Tab. V. figg. 5, 5a.) Head, pronotum, and mesonotum olivaceous mottled with blackish. Abdomen ochraceous. Tegmina with the basal two thirds ochraceous and opaque, the veins paler and with some pale spots at the costal and claval margins ; apical area pale hyaline, the venation ochraceous and with some scattered irregular fuscous markings. Wings pale fuscous-hyaline, the veins fuscous; a large basal patch bright ochraceous, beyond which, for a short distance, moderately infuscated. Head beneath, the sternum, rostrum, and legs pale olivaceous, more or less spotted with blackish. Long, excel. tegm. 12 millim., exp. tegm. 30 to 35 millim. Hab, Guatemaa, San Gerénimo, Zapote (Champion). 2. Hypxpa zapotensis, n. sp. (Tab. V. figg. 8, 8 a.) Head and thorax above olivaceous, tinged and spotted with ochraceous and black ; scutellum reddish ; abdomen above purplish-black, the base and lateral margins reddish. Head beneath, the sternum, rostrum, and legs pale olivaceous; the tarsi black, and the tibics annulated with the same colour ; abdomen beneath reddish. Tegmina with the basal two thirds castaneous mottled with paler hues, the costal margin darker spotted with greenish-ochraceous, the claval margin obscurely and narrowly greenish with small castaneous spots ; apical area pale hyaline, the venation and some cloudy markings fuscous. Wings pale hyaline, the vena~ tion fuscous ; a large basal patch bright vermilion-red, the anal angle fuscous,. Long. excl. tegm. 9 millim., exp. tegm. 28 millim. Hab, GuatTemata, Zapote (Champion). This species is allied to H. costata, Fabr. 3. Hypepa rubricata, n. sp. (Tab. V. figg. 4, 42.) Head, pro-, meso-, and metanotum black ; abdomen ochraceous, the anal appendage black. Tegmina blackish, crossed by a narrow curved sanguineous fascia near the apex. Wings dark fuscous-subhyaline, the vena- tion black, the base and some large basal streaks pale bluish-green. Body beneath and the legs black ; coxe greenish-ochraceous. . Long. excl. tegm. 11 to 12 millim., exp. tegm. 30- to 33 millim. Hab. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui 4000 to 6000 feet (Champion). Mr. Champion only met with this species in the State of Panama. An _ allied, but very distinet species (H. rufifascia, Walk.) is found in Colombia. ACMONIA. Acmonia, Stal, Hem. Afr. iv. p. 137 (1866); Berl. ent. Zeitschr. 1866, p. 390’; Stett. ent. Zeit. xxi. p. 290 (1870) *. . I place the following two species in this genus, owing to their general characters agreeing as a rule with those sketched out by Stal! as applicable to Acmonia ; and also by their agreeing in general appearance with some of those species figured by Gerstaecker which are stated by Stal to either belong or to seem to belong (verisimiliter etiam) to his genus. The most divergent characters, however, are the distinct carine to the face, which as referable to Acmonia do not quite agree, Stal having written ‘ Fronte carina media longitudinali nulla vel brevi instructa ” ?. ACMONIA,.—CYRPOPTUS. 39 Not having seen the type of the genus, I am disinclined to propose a new one, especially as the aim of this work is faunistic rather than classificatory. 1. Acmonia (?) trivia, n. sp. (Tab. V. figg. 14, 14 a.) Head sanguineous ; eyes dull luteous; pronotum and mesonotum olivaceous, shaded with ochraceous; meta- notum and scutellum reddish, shaded with blackish. Abdomen above sanguineous, with transverse streaks and spots of black. Body beneath and legs sanguineous ; legs spotted with black. Tegmina dull oliva- ceous, thickly covered with small green spots ; the apical area a little paler and much more finely spotted. Wings sanguineous, the apex and posterior margin broadly fuscous. Long. excl. tegm. 8 to 10 millim., exp. tegm. 21 to 28 millim. Hab. Guatemaa, Capetillo, Cerro Zunil (Champion). This species not only varies in size, but also in the colour of the body and legs beneath, which are sometimes ochraceous and not sanguineous. 2. Acmonia(?) procris, n. sp. (Tab. V. figg. 12, 12 a.) Head and pronotum dull reddish; eyes luteous ; mesonotum olivaceous-brown. Abdomen above reddish, the base black; body beneath and the legs dull reddish, the legs spotted with black. Tegmina dark shining fuscous, the basal two thirds obscurely spotted with blackish, its base reddish, the costal margin very narrowly greenish; apical area very finely spotted with dull ochraceous, the apex pale subhyaline. Wings pale smoky subhyaline, with large basal fuscous and reddish shadings. Long. excl. tegm. 10 to 11 millim., exp. tegm. 25 to 27 millim. Hab. Paxama, David in Chiriqui (Champion). CYRPOPTUS. Cyrpoptus, Stal, Berl. ent. Zeitschr. vi. p. 304 (1862) ; Stett. ent. Zeit. xxi. p. 292 (1870). This genus may be readily recognized by several superficial characters, such as the obliquely truncated apices of the tegmina, the bifoveolate pronotum, the dilated anterior femora, &c. Cyrpoptus is allied to Calyptoproctus, and only one species has at present been described. 1. Cyrpoptus suavis. (Tab. V. figg. 15, 15 a.) Cyrpoptus suavis, Stal, Berl. ent. Zeitschr. vi. p. 304 (1862); Stett. ent. Zeit. xxv. p. 50. 351°. Hab. Mexico!; GuatemaLa, San Gerénimo (Champion). This species appears to vary greatly in size. Stl gave the expanse of the tegmina as 30 millim., but the smaller of two specimens collected by Mr. Champion measures only 25 millim. *5 2 36 HEMIPTERA-HOMOPTERA. CALYPTOPROCTUS. - Calyptoproctus (1st subdiy. A), Spinola, Ann. Soc, Ent. Fr. viii. p. 269 (1839) ; Stal, Hem. Afr, iv. p. 187 (1866); Stett. ent. Zeit. xxi. p. 293 (1870). This genus is readily distinguished by the characters given by Spinola :—“ Cinguiéme anneau dorsal tricaréné en dessus, aussi long que les trois précédents pris ensemble.” Two species have been received from Central America. 1. Calyptoproctus elegans. Fulgora elegans, Oliv. Enc. Méth. x. p. 576. 36. Calyptoproctus elegans, Spin. Ann. Soe. Ent. Fr. viii. p. 269. 2°; Walk. List Hom. ii. p. 288. 2°. Stoll, Cig. t. 21. fig. 111. Hab. Honpuras?; Costa Rica (coll. Dist.) —VENEZUELA?; Braziu1. 2. Calyptoproctus guttipes. (‘Tab. V. figg. 9, 9a.) Poiocera guttipes, Walk. List Hom., Suppl. p. 50°. Calyptoproctus guttipes, Stal, Gifv. Vet.-Ak. Forh. 1862, p. 486. Hab. Mexico!; Guatemata, San Isidro, Pantaleon (Champion). SCARALIS. Scaralis, Stal, Hem. Afr. iv. p. 189 (1866) ; Berl. ent. Zeitschr. 1866, p. 389; Stett. ent. Zeit. Xx1. p. 294 (1870). This is a purely Neotropical genus, and its specific extent cannot at present be estimated... One species has been received from the southern limits of our fauna. 1. Scaralis spectabilis. (Tab. V. figg. 16, 16a.) Poiocera spectabilis, Walk. List Hom., Suppl. p. 55°. Hab. Panama, David in Chiriqui, San Feliz (Champion).—Braziu, Para}. 7 ATALANTA. Atalanta, Stal, Hem. Afr. iv. p. 189 (1866) ; Stett. ent. Zeit. xxi. p. 288 (1870). _ This genus is remarkable for the extreme development of the waxy appendages to the abdumen which all its known species exhibit. I am now able to describe two new species, thus bringing up the number to three, all of which are found in our fauna. 1. Atalanta auricoma. Phenax auricoma, Burm. Handb. Ent. ii. 1, p. 168. 2°; Walk. List Hom. ii. p. 336. 27. ATALANTA.—PTERODICTYA. 37 Lysira auricoma, Burm. Gen. Ins., Lystra, t. 7. fig. 1. Atalanta auricoma, Stal, Stett. ent. Zeit. xxv. p. 49. 348 *. Lystra bombycida, J. Blasq. Nat. Mex. i. p. 288, figs. 13 & 15 *. Hab. Mextco!??4; Panama, Veragua (coll. Dist.). Mr. Champion did not meet with this fine species during his sojourn in Central America. % 2. Atalanta wrata, n.sp. (Tab. V. figg. 11, 11 a.) Head and thorax above very dark olivaceous ; abdomen above fuscous, sometimes clothed with greyish tomen- tosity, and always with a long greyish-white waxy anal appendage. Body beneath and the legs dark olivaceous. Tegmina with the basal two thirds bronzy-green spotted with ochraceous, and separated from the apical area (which is bronzy in hue) by a transverse greyish fascia. Wings pale greyish-sub- hyaline, the base very pale greenish, the apex fuscous. Exp. tegm. 46 millim. Hab. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui 4000 to 6000 feet (Champion). I have not attempted to give the length of the body, as the development of the waxy secretion prevents such a measurement being taken with any degree of accuracy, and this remark applies also to the following species. 3. Atalanta violacea. (Tab. V. figg. 13, 13a.) Head and thorax above very dark violaceous. Abdomen above apparently of the same colour, but clothed with greyish tomentosity, and with a long waxy greyish-white anal appendage. Body beneath and the legs dark violaceous, but much covered with greyish tomentosity. Tegmina pale violaceous, the basal two thirds spotted with dark violaceous, and separated from the apical area by a dark violaceous transverse fascia; the apical area violaceous-brown, pale violaceous near the transverse fascia. Wings pale hyaline, the apical margin and the venation fuscous. Exp. tegm. 45 to 54 millim. Hab. GuateMaLa, Coban and Sabo in Vera Paz (Champion). Mr. Champion found this species resting on coffee-plants. PTERODICTYA. Pterodictya, Burmeister, Handb. Ent. ii. 1, p. 155. 1 (1839); Stal, Hem. Afr. iv. p. 139 (1866) ; Stett. ent. Zeit. xxi. p. 288 (1870). This is one of the most easily recognized genera in the whole group, the talc-like and reticulated tegmina being very distinct and peculiar. Only one species is at present recorded. 1. Pterodictya ephemera. Tettigonia ephemera, Fabr. Ent. Syst. iv. p. 25. 34; Syst. Rhyn. p. 43. 52. Lystra reticularis, Germ. in Thon’s Archiv, ii. 2, p. 52. 3. 38 HEMIPTERA*HOMOPTERA. Pterodictya ephemera, Burm. Handb. Ent. ii. 1, p. 155.11; Amy. & Serv. Hist. des Hém. p. 503. 1*; Walk. List Hom. ii. p. 336°, & iv. t. 3. fig. 1. Stoll, Cig, t. 1. fig. 4. Hab. Panama, Bugaba, and near David in Chiriqui (Champion).—Gutana, Surinam 1? ; Brazit, Para 3. | Panama appears to be the northern limit of the range of this species. Mr. Champion sometimes found four or five specimens together on tree-trunks in the forest, which on being approached would immediately retreat to another tree, but always upward and more out of reach. “The flight is peculiar and different from that of any other insect observed, being spiral and perpendicular, generally from tree to tree; and one kind of tree being alone frequented, the trunk of which is covered with long sharp spines, between which the insect rests, thus adding to the difficulty of its capture.” Subfam. DICTYOPHARINA. Dyctiophoroides {pars), Spinola, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. viii. p. 283 (1839). Pseudophanides (pars), Amyot & Serville, Hist. des Hém. p. 502 (1843). Dictyopharida, Stal, Hem. Afr. iv. p. 129 (1866). Dictyopharina, Berg, Hem. Argent. p. 217 (1879). CLADYPHA. Cladodiptera, Spinola, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. viii. p. 8316 (1889). Cladypha, Amyot & Serville, Hist. des Hém. p. 502 (1843) ; Stal, Hem. Afr. iv. p. 149 (1866). Cladopteryz, Westwood, Arc. Ent. ii. p. 90 (1844). Diacira, Walker, Insect. Saundersiana, p. 34 (1850). The proper choice of the above names is somewhat perplexing. Spinola first proposed that of Cladodiptera, for which Amyot and Serville subsequently substituted that of Cladypha on the ground that the name Cladodiptera was wrong in construction and should be Cladoptera, which, however, had been already used by one of them in Orthoptera. Prof. Westwood afterwards showed that this was again an error, as Cladoxerus was the name used by Serville, and not Cladoptera; and he, retaining Spinola’s name, “but altering its termination,” again makes a proposition that the name should be Cladopteryx. Under these circumstances I follow Stal in adopting the word Cladypha, which was the first new name proposed when a change became necessary. Walker elucidated the question by describing some species as belonging to the genus Poiocera, afterwards correctly recognizing Spinola’s genus and describing a species as a Cladodiptera ; and subsequently describing another species under a new genus, Diacira, a name almost simultaneously proposed by Stal for another genus of Homoptera. CLADYPHA.—DICTYOPHARA. 39 1. Cladypha interlita, n. sp. (Tab. VI. fig. 1.) Body above castaneous-brown ; eyes black; abdomen darker in hue, but variegated with ochraceous, the anal appendage ochraceous. Face black, the anterior margin and a broad transverse fascia a little beyond the centre ochraceous. Body beneath dark castaneous; the margins of the pro- and mesosternum broadly ochraceous. Legs castaneous; anterior and intermediate femora near the apex, and the anterior and intermediate tibi# at the apex, annulated with ochraceous; posterior tibie armed with three strong spines and with a cluster of spines at the apex; anterior femora moderately and laminately ampliated beneath, the anterior tibiz only very slightly and scarcely perceptibly ampliated at the apex. Tegmina palely infuscated, the venation fuscous, the transverse veins on the apical area and the apical areolets darkly infuscated. Wings pale hyaline, with the venation fuscous. Long. excl. tegm. 11 millim., exp. tegm. 30 millim. Hab. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui 2000 to 3000 feet (Champion). DICTYOPHARA. Dictyophara, Germar in Silb. Rev. Ent. i. p. 175 (1833) ; Stal, Hem. Afr. iv. pp. 151 & 154 (1866); Berg, Hem. Argent. p. 217. Pseudophana, Burmeister, Handb. ii. 1, pp. 146 et 159; Amyot & Serville, Hist. des Hém. p. 506 (1843). Dyctiophora (pars), Spinola, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. viii. p. 290 (1839). Chanithus, Kolenati, Mel. Ent. vii. p. 29 (1857). Nersia, Stal, Bidr. Rio Jan. Hem. ii. p. 62 (1858). This genus is almost universally distributed, and is well represented in our fauna. It is difficult to properly describe the species by words alone, and therefore it is very probable that some amount of synonymy exists between those described by Walker and others described by Stal. This is the more probable when we notice that many of the species inhabiting Central America are also found in Brazil. In this work, however, synonymy between these authors will not affect the nomenclature, as the species are mostly identified from Walker’s List, which was published at an earlier date than Stal’s work on the Hemiptera of Rio Janeiro. Although the species of this genus have a considerable superficial resemblance, excellent differential characters exist in the size and shape of the head, and, in a more subsidiary sense, according to the nature and extent of the carina or carine on the upper surface of the same ; and on these characters the writer has relied, thus allowing the descriptions of two new species to be verbally short, as in both cases the artist has diagrammatically illustrated the structure of the head. 1. Dictyophara chlorochroma. Dictyophora chlorochroma, Walk. List Hom. ii. p. 311. 21", & iv. t. 3. f. 5. Dictyophora compressifrons, Walk. List Hom., Suppl. p. 62’. Nersia nigro-lineata, Stal, Stett. ent. Zeit. xxv. p. 50. 354°. Hab. Mexico?*; Guatemata, San Juan in Vera Paz (Champion); Honpuras!; PanaMA, Bugaba, Volcan de Chiriqui 4000 to 5000 feet (Champion). 40 HEMIPTERA-HOMOPTERA. This is a very well-marked species, the length and the black linear markings of the prolongated head rendering it easily recognizable. 2. Dictyophara ferocula, n. sp. (Tab. VI. fig. 2.) Head very long, about equal in length to that of the intermediate tibia. The prolonged head is pale castane- ous, the carine greenish ; pronotum and mesonotum pale obscure castaneous, with the carine greenish. Tegmina pale hyaline, pale greenish at the base, the venation pale fuscous. Legs pale brownish, the extreme apices of the tibiee and tarsi a little darker. Long. excl. tegm. 18 millim., long. head 7 millim., exp. tegm. 32 millim. Hab. Panama, Matachin (coll. Dist.). The great length of the head is sufficient to adequately separate this species from any of the others here enumerated. 3. Dictyophara nodivena. (Tab. VI. fig. 3.) Dictyophora nodivena, Walk. Insect. Saundersiana, p. 37". Hab. Panama, Bugaba, Volcan de Chiriqui 2500 to 4000 feet ( Champion). —Braztt, Para 1. 4, Dictyophara curviceps. (Tab. VI. fig. 4.) Nersia curviceps, Stal, Bidr. Rio Jan. Hem. p. 64'; Stett. ent. Zeit. xxv. p. 50. 3537. Dictyophora diowys, Walk. List Hom., Suppl. p. 61”. Hab. Mexico!?%; Guatemaa, Zapote, Panzos in Vera Paz (Champion). Stal’s publication is dated January 1858, and Walker’s List bears the date March 1858, so Stal’s name seems clearly to have priority. 5. Dictyophara brachyrhina. (Tab. VI. fig. 5.) Dictyophora brachyrhina, Walk. List Hom. ii. p. 817. 31°. Hab. Guatemata, El Reposo, Zapote (Champion).—Co.LomBIa |, 6. Dictyophara obtusifrons. (Tab. VI. fig. 6.) Dictyophora obtusifrons, Walk. List Hom. ii. p. 318°. Hab. Panama, Bugaba, Volcan de Chiriqui 2500 to 4000 feet, David (Champion). Guiana; AMAZONS; ANTILLES (coll. Dist.). This insect is allied to D. truncata, Walk., a species recorded from Para, and of which I possess a good series from Demerara and the Antilles. It principaily differs from D. truncata in the shorter and more quadrate projongation of the head. No locality is affixed to Walker’s description 1. 7. Dictyophara herbida, (Tab. VI. fig. 7.) Dichoptera herbida, Walk. List Hom. ii. p. 306’. Dictyophora inexacta, Walk. Ins. Saundersiana, p. 887, DICTYOPHARA. 4] Hab. Mexico, Presidio (Forrer); GuateMaLa, San Gerdénimo (Champion); PanaMa (Boucard, in coll. Dist.), Bugaba (Champion), Matachin (coll. Dist.).—CoLomBia? ; VENEZUELA !, 8. Dictyophara florens. (Tab. VI. figg. 8, 82a.) Nersia florens, Stal, Bidr. Rio Jan. Hem. ii. p. 64. 15"; Stett. ent. Zeit. xxv. p. 50. 352”. Hab. Mexico!? (Bilimek, in Mus. Vind. Cas.), Orizaba (H. H. Smith & F. D. G.), Tierra Colorada in Guerrero and Teapa in Tabasco (H. H. Smith), Atoyac in Vera Cruz (Schumann), Temax in N, Yucatan (Gaumer); GuatemaLa, San Gerénimo, Cerro Zunil (Champion); Panama, David (Champion). This species appears to agree well with Stal’s description, and I feel little hesitation in thus identifying it. 9. Dictyophara orbiculata, sp. n. (Tab. VI. figg. 9, 9a.) Head short, rounded in front, almost or about twice the length of pronotum, with a central carina which bifureates posteriorly, thus enclosing a triangular space at base. Thorax above and tegmina either greenish or pale greenish-stramineous ; the legs concolorous with the upper surface. Long. excl. tegm. 9 millim., exp. tegm. 20 millim. Hab. Mexico, Atoyac in Vera Cruz (Schumann), 'Teapa in Tabasco (H. H. Smith), Valladolid and Temax in Yucatan (Gawmer); Guatemala, Cerro Zunil, San Juan in Vera Paz (Champion). The shape and size of the head and the bifurcating carina on the upper surface of the same are the distinctive characteristics of this species. 10. Dictyophara tumidifrons. Dictyophora tumidifrons, Walk. List Hom. Ins., Suppl. p. 65". Hab. Panama, David (Champion).—Amazons, Santarem '. One specimen in indifferent condition is all that is before me from Panama, but there can be no question as to its being a representative of Walketr’s species. 11. Dictyophara scriptiventris. Cladodiptera scriptiventris, Walk. List Hom. Ins., Suppl. p. 76°. Nersia scriptiventris, Stal, Ofv. Vet.-Ak. Férh. 1862, p. 487 *. Hab. Panama, Bugaba (Champion).—Amazons, Santarem 1. 12. Dictyophara vitrata. Flata vitrata, Fabr. Syst. Rhyng. p. 48. 13°; Germ. in Thon’s Arch. ii. 2, p. 49. 41%. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Rhynch. Homop., June 1900. *6 42 HEMIPTERA-HOMOPTERA. Dictyophara (Nersia) vitrata, Stal, Hem. Fabr. ii. p. 91. 2°. Cladodiptera viridifrons, Walk. Ins. Saunders. p. 41 *. Hab. Mzxico, Acapulco and Tierra Colorada in Guerrero (H. H. Smith) ; PANAMA (Boucard).— Amazons +. SUPPLEMENT. My last contribution to the Homopterous portion of the Rhynchota as detailed in this work was in 1887. Since then I have been much away from England, and during my absence Canon Fowler undertook and carried on the enumeration and description of these insects. In leaving the remainder of this Suborder under his own classification and control, I supplement the groups on which I have written, viz. Cicadide, F ulgorine, and Dictyopharine, by such additions to the fauna as have reached our hands since the date of the previous publication. Fam. CICADIDE (p. 1). CICADA (p. 6). 7 (a). Cicada oleacea. (Tab. VI. figg. 17, 17 a, 3.) Fidicina oleacea, Dist. Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (6) viii. p. 294°. Hab. Mexico, Atoyac in Vera Cruz (H. H. Smith 4). By an unaccountable slip, the description of this species was published under the generic nomenclature of Midicina. The highly developed tympanal coverings in the male will at once prevent it being placed in that genus, while it is allied to Cicada pallida, Dist. TYMPANOTERPES (p. 14). 2. Tympanoterpes ruatana. (Tab. VI. figg. 13, 13 a, 6.) Tympanoterpes ruatana, Dist. Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (6) viii. p. 294°. Hab. Honpuras, Ruatan Island (Gaumer '). FIDICINA (p. 16). 7. Fidicina amcena. (Tab. VI. figg. 15, 15a, 6.) Fidicina amena, Dist. Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) iv. p. 112'. Hab. Costa Rica, Vallé du Diguis, Pacific slope (Pittier, in coll. Dist.1), 8. Fidicina cachla. (Tab. VI. figg. 16, 16 a, 6.) Fidicina cachla, Dist. Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) iv. p. 112’. Hab. Costa Rica, Rosario de Desamparados (Biolley, in coll. Dist. a SUPPLEMENT. | 43 DORACHOSA (to follow the genus Tibicen, p. 18). Dorachosa, Distant, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (6) x. p. 63 (1892). 1. Dorachosa explicata. (Tab. VI. figg. 14, 144, 6.) Dorachosa explicata, Dist. Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (6) x. p. 647. Hab. Panama, Matachin (coll. Dist.1). Fam, FULGORIDZ (p. 21). FULGORINE (p. 22). PHRICTUS (p. 23). 3. Phrictus serratus. Fulgora serrata, Fabr. Sp. Ins. ii. p. 318. 2'; Mant. Ins. ii. p. 260. 2°; Ent. Syst. iv. p. 2. 2°; Syst. Rhyn. p. 2. 2*; Seba, Mus. iv. t. 77. figg.5,6°; Lindenberg, Naturf. xiii. p. 19, t. 3. figg. 1, 2°; Oliv. Enc. Méth. vi. pp. 563, 567. 2, t. 109. fig. 17; Stoll, Cic. p. 170, t. 29. fig. 170°; Gmel. ed. Syst. Nat. i. 4, p. 2089.10°; Germ. in Thon’s Arch. ii. p. 2, fig. 46.4"; Burm. Handb. Ent. ii. 1, p. 169. 3"; Westw. Trans. Linn. Soe. xviii. p. 147. 23”. Pyrops serratus, Spin. Aun. Soc. Ent. Fr. viii. p. 235. 2”. Phrictus serratus, Walk. List Hom. Ins. ii. p. 264. 3". Hab. Costa Rica, Guaitil de Puris, Pacific slope (Biolley, in coll. Dist.).—Braziu 14, AMYCLE (p. 28). Amycle amabilis (p. 26). To the locality given, add:—GuatemaLa, Aceituno, Guatemala city (Salvin, in Mus. Brit.). HYP#EPA (p. 33). 4. Hypepa diversa. (Tab. VI. figg. 18, 18 a.) Hypepa diversa, Dist. Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) iv. p. 113°. Hab. Costa Rica, Las Delicias, Santa Clara (Biolley, in coll. Dist.+). - ATALANTA (p. 36). _ Atalanta auricoma (p. 36). To the localities given, add :—British Honpuras, Cayo (Blancaneauz). M. Blancaneaux has recently sent us three specimens of this remarkable insect from the interior of British Honduras. DICTYOPHARIN& (p. 38). The descriptions of the following species have been handed to us by Canon Fowler, and are published by his authority and in his name :— *6 2 44 . HEMIPTERA-HOMOPTERA. -CLADYPHA (p. 38). 2. Cladypha bugabensis, sp. n. (Fowler). (Tab. VI. fig. 12.) C. interlite affinis, sed minor, tegminibus utrinque ad apicem macula ‘elongata fuscé marginem attingente, areolis apicalibus haud fuscatis ; fronte ad medium, marginibusque pro- et mesosterni albis. Allied to C. interlita, Dist., but smaller, and easily distinguishable by having a moderately broad, longitudinal, fuscous band on the costa of the tegmina, ceasing a little before the apex, and the apical areolets not infuscate ; the colour of the abdomen is also more uniform, and the centre of the forehead has a white longitudinal band, the margins of the pro- and mesosternum being also broadly white. Long. excl. tegm. 9 millim., exp. tegm. 26 millim. Hab. Panama, Bugaba 800 to 1500 feet (Champion). 8. Cladypha rufivena, sp. n. (Fowler). (Tab. VI. fig. 11.) Precedenti affinis, sed major, parum nitida; corpore, capite, pronoto rufescentibus, fronte ad medium margini- busque pro- et mesosterni albido-flavis, tegminibus haud infuscatis, venis rufis. Allied to the preceding (C. bugabensis), but less shining and more evidently pubescent, rufous ; forehead with a yellowish-white band in the middle and with the sides of the pro- and mesosternum of the same colour ; the veins of the tegmina are bright red, and there is no trace of infuscation ; legs reddish, slightly pitchy towards the base of the anterior and intermediate femora. Long. excl. tegm. 11 millim., exp. tegm. 30 millim. Hab. Mexico, Omealca, Orizaba (MZ. Trujillo). DICTYOPHAROIDES, gen. nov. (Fowler) (to follow the genus Dectyophara, p. 39). Dictyophare affinis, sed angustior et magis parallelus; processu capitis longo, tenui, apice haud dilatato, spatio inter oculos multo angustiori, pronoto mesonotoque fere levibus, tegminibusque ad apicem minus subti- liter reticulatis, facile distinguendus. Allied to Dictyophara, but narrower; head long, narrow between the eyes (which are large), produced into a long and very slender process which is not dilated at the apex; pronotum and mesonotum almost smooth, with slight traces of a central line; tegmina with fine elongate veins in front, apical third rather coarsely reticulate ; posterior tibiee with four spines. 1. Dictyopharoides tenuirostris, sp. n. (Fowler). (Tab. VI. figg. 10, 10 a.) Testaceus, fusco-variegatus ; capite ante oculos flavescenti, processu utrinque fusco, medio dilute testaceo; fronte viridescenti, pronoto mesonotoque fusco-testaceis ; tegminibus hyalinis, venis rufo-fuscis, sutura ad apicem late, maculisque ad marginem apicalem castaneo-brunneis ; pedibus piceis. Of a fusco-testaceous colour, but probably in part greenish in life; the process of the head is fuseous on each side, and the grooved centre is light testaceous ; at the base of the process are two large, black, eye-shaped, shining spots, which in some lights look as if they carried an extra ocellus ; antennal knobs large, ‘dark brown ; tegmina hyaline, with rufous or rufous-brown veins, and with the suture from a little behind the middle to the apex castaneous, the margins towards the apex also marked irregularly with the same colour, one or two spots being darker than the rest; legs testaceous; underside of the abdomen light, with two rows of dark spots. . Long. ab apice processus capitis usque ad apicem tegminum 16 millim.; lat. ad hum. 3 millim.; Long. proc. cap. 34 millim. Hab. Mexico, Orizaba, Omealca (M. Trujillo). FLATID.®. 45 Fam, FLATIDE*, The Flatide are here regarded as a separate family, and as including three subfamilies, the Acanaloniine, Flatine, and Ricaniine; these subfamilies are by some authors regarded as distinct families, whereas others treat the Flatide as merely a subfamily of the Fulgoride. Strictly speaking, the Cixiide f would seem naturally to follow imme- diately after the Fulgoride, through Dictyophara ; but, on the other hand, they form a very natural transition to the Delphacide (Copicerus &c.), and as, for convenience’ sake, I prefer to leave the latter to the end of the volume, I have departed from the order observed by several authors, and placed the Flatide immediately after the Fulgoride, to which many of them bear a sort of relation through their large size and conspicuous coloration. The Derbide form an abnormal group, of somewhat uncertain position, related to the Fulgoride, Isside, Flatide, and Delphacide. The Isside might naturally follow the Flatide ; in fact, certain species of the former family appear to differ from some of the Ricaniine in little else besides the form of the scutellum and the non- carinate sides of the clypeus; and the transition from certain Isside to the Cixiide is not very abrupt. The Flatide, as above stated, may be divided into the following subfamilies :— I. Tegmina without parallel nervures along the outer border, and with the ordinary venation, which is usually more or less reticulate, continued to the margins . 2. 2. . 2 ee ee soe ee ww ew ew we eh.) 6UANACALONIINA. II. Tegmina furnished with more or less distinct parallel transverse nervures along the outer border. 1. Clavus more or less indistinct and blunt, or confused with the corium at the apex; vertex not separated from the frons by a sharp and distinct raised transverse keel. . . . 2 1. 2 ew se ee . Fratina. 2. Clavus always distinct and sharp at the apex; vertex separated ‘from the frons by a distinct transverse raised keel . . . . . . . . . © . Ricanuna. Subfam. ACANALONIINAL. This subfamily includes a considerable number of species, with the tegmina ample and as a rule more or less semicircular, without transverse nervures on the costal margin. ‘Their colour is usually a vivid green, which often fades to brownish-yellow in dried specimens. The original type of the genus Acanalonia (A. servillei, Spin.) has the * By W. W. Fowter. + The composition of this family is very uncertain and will be alluded to later on. + In some of the species of Flatine in which the head is not produced there is a more or less evident raised line between the vertex and the frons but this is easily distinguished from the sharp raised keel of the Ricaniine., 46 HEMIPTERA-HOMOPTERA. vertex very short and not produced conically. In the ‘ Bidrag til Rio Janeiro-Traktens Hemipter-Fauna’ [part ii. p. 69 (1858) ], Stal introduces his other genera as belonging to the family—Thiscia, which has the head conically produced, and Philatis, which is distinguished by the absence of wings.. The latter genus is closely allied to the Isside, and its type is given as Mycterodus productus, Stal,—Mycterodus having been described by Spinola as a genus of his family Issites. Stal, however, appears latterly to have dropped the genus Thiscia, as in his “ Hemiptera Mexicana” (Stett. ent. Zeit. xxv. p. 56) he describes two species with conically-produced heads under the name Acanonia, which is the abbreviated form of Spinola’s name adopted by Amyot and Serville (Hist. Nat. des Ins. Hémipt. p. 520). _ ACANALONTA. Acandlonia, Spinola, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. viii. p. 447 (1839). Acanonia, Amyot et Serville, Hist. Nat. des Ins. Hémipt. p. 520. The delicate raised venation of the tegmina, which is more or less reticulate and is continued to the margins, is very characteristic of this genus, which includes a large number of species. | The genus may be roughly divided as follows :— I. Head conical, distinctly pointed, about as long as or distinctly longer than broad. . . . . . . Subgen. Taiscra, Stal (ex parte). II. Head truncate or obtusely and slightly produced, distinctly broader than long. . . . . . . . . Subgen. AcANAzontA, Spin. (i. sp.). .. As, however, there are one or two somewhat transitional species, the subdivision is not quite satisfactory in all cases. I. Head conical, distinctly produced. 1. Acanalonia producta. Acanonia producta, Stal, Stett. ent. Zeit. xxv. p. 56°. Hab. Mexico (coll. Signoret, in Mus. Vind. Ces.), Jalisco (Schumann). 2. Acanalonia decens. Acanonia decens, Stal, Stett. ent. Zeit. xxv. p. 56°. Hab. Mexico (coll. Signoret1, in Mus. Vind. Ces.), Amula in Guerrero 6000 feet (H. H. Smith); Guaremata, Senahu in Vera Paz (Champion). 8. Acanalonia dubia, sp.n. (Tab. VII. figg. 1, 1a.) Lete virescens; capite producto, acuto, pronoto longiori, antice saltem carinato; tegminibus amplis, ante medium latissimis, inde marginibus extra et intra fere parallelis vel subparallelis, apice late sat truncato ; alis lacteis, venis virescentibus ; corpore albido ; pedibus virescentibus. Of a bright green colour ; head produced, very slightly reflexed at the tip, carinate at least in front, and with ACANALONIA. © AT distinct margins for about half its length; pronotum much shorter than the head; scutellum with traces of a central line, and with two more or less distinct minute dark spots at the apex, which appear to be present in most of the species belonging to the genus; tegmina with the anterior margins rounded from the base to a little before the middle and from thence almost straight and subparallel to the interior margin, which is nearly straight for the greater part of its length, the apex broadly subtruncate; wings " clear milky-white, with fine green veins ; body whitish ; legs of a very light greenish colour. Long. 9-12 millim.; lat. ad hum. 2-24 millim.; exp. tegm. 16-21 millim. Hab. Mexico, Sierra Madre, Tepic (Richardson), Omealca, Orizaba (IM. Trujillo), Atoyac in Vera Cruz (Schumann), Teapa in Tabasco (H. H. Smith); Guatemaza, San Juan, Tamahu, Chiacam, and Teleman in Vera Paz (Champion); Panama, Bugaba, Volcan de Chiriqui (Champion). This species is very closely allied to the two preceding; the general shape of the tegmina, however (although it is not quite constant in our large series), and the some- what sharper head seem to distinguish it; moreover, Dr. Aurivillius has examined one of our specimens and states that it does not agree with any of those in the Stockholm Museum. An example trom Teapa is figured. 4. Acanalonia panima, sp.n. (Tab. VII. figg. 2, 2a.) Precedenti affinis, sed capite levi haud carinato nec reflexo, et tegminibus longioribus, lateribus magis parallelis, distinguenda. Allied to the two preceding species: from A. dubia it differs in having the head smooth, without a trace of a raised central keel and not reflexed ; the tegmina are longer, and the costal margin is not rounded in front: from A. decens, which it resembles in the shape of the tegmina, it may be known by its elongate and differently-shaped head. Long. 14 millim.; lat. 2-24 millim. Hab. Guatema.a, Panima in Vera Paz (Champion). I have felt some doubt in describing this species, but it does not agree satisfactorily with any other that I have seen, and I believe it to be quite distinct. 5. Acanalonia celata, sp.n. (Tab. VII. fig. 3, 3 a.) Virescens ; capite acute triangulariter producto, pronoto duplo longiori, oculis prominulis ; tegminibus amplis- simis, semicircularibus, fortiter reticulatis, callo paullo ante medium distincto, fusco ; alis lacteis. Green, with the body brighter ; head produced triangularly in an acute point, the eyes rather prominent ; pronotum half as long as the head ; scutellum with traces of a central line, and with two distinct black spots behind the middle; tegmina large, rounded, with very strongly raised reticulation, and with a distinct raised fuscous callus a little before the middle, the apical margin with the extreme edge marked with fuscous spots; wings milky-white, with very distinct venation. Long. 11 millim.; lat. ad hum. 3 millim. Hab. Guatemata, San Gerdénimo (Champion). One female specimen. At first I referred this species to Philatis, to which it is very closely allied, but as the chief characteristic of the last-named genus is the absence of wings, I have placed it under Acanalonia, as on closer examination I found the wings were well developed. 48 . HEMIPTERA-HOMOPTERA. 6. Acanalonia pinniformis, sp. n. (Tab. VII. figg. 4, 4.) Virescens ; capite longo, acuto, pronoto fere triplo longiori, oculis vix prominulis, tegminibus amplis, subsemi- circulariter rotundatis, pone medium latissimis, et inde ad apicem angulatum oblique subtruncatis ; corpore pedibusque dilutioribus, albidis vel albido-virescentibus. Green ; head long and sharp, produced in an isosceles-triangle, about three times as long as the pronotum, slightly reflexed when viewed from the side, the eyes a little prominent; tegmina ample, rounded, broadest behind the middle, and from thence obliquely subtruncate to the apex, the apical margin forming with the costal margin a distinct angle less than a right angle, which from the side appears slightly reflexed ; the reticulation close and distinct; legs light green or greenish-testaceous. Long. 11 millim.; lat. ad hum. 23 millim. Hab. Mexico, Teapa in Tabasco (H. H. Smith). - A small series, 7. Acanalonia affinis, sp.n. (Tab. VII. figg. 5, 5a.) Precedenti valde affinis, sed capite paullo breviori, et tegminibus magis rotundatis, margine apicali rectiori, facile distinguenda. Closely allied to the preceding, but easily distinguishable by its rather shorter head and by the different shape of the tegmina, which are more evenly rounded and have the apical margin straighter, forming with the costal margin a blunt right angle, whereas in A. pinniformis the angle is about 60°, Long. 10-11 millim. ; lat. 23 millim. Hab. Guatemaua, Cerro Zunil 4000 to 5000 feet (Champion). The differences between A. affinis and its allies will be at once apparent from our Plate; they are somewhat difficult to describe, and, in fact, it may be taken as practically impossible to distinguish many of Stdl’s species belonging to the group owing to the want of figures. 8. Acanalonia gaumeri, sp. n. (Tab. VII. fig. 6.) Virescens ; capite breviori, obtuse triangulariter producto, pronoto distincte longiori, oculis prominulis ; tegmi- nibus amplis, fere semicirculariter rotundatis, sat dense reticulatis, marginibus externis et apicalibus peranguste brunneis; alis lacteis. Green, with the body and legs whitish-green ; head short, obtusely produced in a triangle, not carinate, with the eyes somewhat prominent; tegmina large and ample, broadest behind the smiddle, but almost semicircular, rather thickly reticulate, with the extreme costal and apical margins brownish; wings milky-white. Long. 12 millim. ; lat. ad hum. 3 millim. Hab. Honvvukas, Ruatan 1. (Gawmer). This species appears to be nearly allied to Paciloptera viridissima, Walk., but may be easily separated from it by the shape of the head. It is intermediate between the two groups, the head being not strongly produced, but much more so than in A. virescens. | ACANALONIA. | 49 Il. Head truncate or obtusely and slightly produced. 9. Acanalonia virescens. (Tab. VII. figg. 7, 7a.) Acanonia virescens, Stal, Stett. ent. Zeit. xxv. p. 56°. Hab. Mexico (Mus. Holm.!; Bilimek, in Mus. Vind. Cos.; Sallé), Orizaba (Ff. D. Godman & H. H. Smith), Temax and Valladolid in Yucatan (Gaumer) ; GuaTEeMALA, Lanquin, Cahabon, and San Gerénimo in Vera Paz, El Reposo (Cham- pion); Panama, Caldera, Bugaba, Volcan de Chiriqui (Champion). I have felt great difficulty with regard to this insect, and it is possible that there may be two species in our series ; in fact, I had described one as distinct from A. virescens, but the occurrence of intermediate examples, in one instance from the same locality, led me on further examination to withdraw it. The specimen in question has the tegmina more oblong and less rounded on the costal margin, but otherwise does not appear to differ in any material point. An example from Bugaba is figured. 10. Acanalonia delicatula, sp. n. (Tab. VII. fig. 8.) Parva, pallide virescens, hyalina; capite perbrevi, vertice subtruncato; pronoto perangusto; scutello longo, leviter tricarinato; tegminibus sat angustis, subparallelis, virescenti-hyalinis, marginibus extremis peranguste brunneis. A very small, pale green insect, with transparent tegmina; head very short, plainly ridged between the vertex and the frons, subtruncate in front; scutellum long, with traces of three carine; tegmina narrow, subparallel, of a transparent pale greenish colour, with the extreme edges brownish ; wings large, milky- white. Long. 63 millim.; lat. vix 2 millim. Hab. Panama, Bugaba (Champion). 11. Acanalonia concinnula, sp.n. (Tab. VII. figg. 9, 9a.) Parva, dilute virescens; capite perbrevi, haud producto; pronoto brevissimo ; scutello lato, simplici; tegmi- nibus amplis, latis, rotundatis, margine externo corii testaceo-brunneo ; alis parvis, lacteis. A very small, light green species, with the head very short, not much longer than the pronotum, truncate and not produced, the eyes prominent, large ; scutellum broad, smooth ; tegmina large, strongly rounded, rather finely reticulate, with the outer edge of the corium brownish-testaceous ; wings small in proportion to the tegmina ; legs fuscous, but probably more or less green in life. Long. 5 millim.; lat. ad hum. 1-14 millim. Hab. Mexico (Bilimek, in Mus. Vind. Ces.), Jalisco (Schumann), Chilpancingo in Guerrero 4600 feet (H. H. Smith). One of our specimens from Chilpancingo appears to have two dark markings on the outer margin of each tegmen, but they are evidently nothing but stains when closely examined. An example from Chilpancingo is figured. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Rhynch. Homop., August 1900. *7 50 HEMIPTERA-HOMOPTERA. Subfam. FLATINA.. This subfamily includes a large number of conspicuous insects, which are very widely distributed and bear a close resemblance to certain forms of Lepidoptera, and are often most brilliantly coloured; some of them, however, are obscure and small, and are difficult to determine with accuracy. Five genera are represented in our collection ; these may be separated roughly as follows :— I. Tegmina decumbent. 1. Ocelliabsent . . . . . . 1. 1. 1 ee ee ee he) 6.) 6Peecrnoprera, Germ. 2. Ocelli present. | i, Tegmina without a strongly raised callosity behind the shoulders. A. Apical portion of the tegmina with no distinct and regular series of parallel veins, or with one only. . . . . Frata, Fabr. B. Apical portion of the tegmina with two distinct and regular series of parallel veins, separated by a sharp line of transverse veins... . Orments, Stal. ii. Tegmina with a strongly raised callosity behind the shoulders, the apical portion with two or three series of short parallel veins, separated by two rows of transverse veins, the whole presenting a more or less reticulate appearance . . . . . +. + +. ~ Dascaria, Stal. II. Tegmina not decumbent ; upper surface rugose . . . . . . - ~- Fuarorpss, Guér. PCECILOPTERA. Pekilloptera, Latreille, Gen. Crust. et Ins. iii. p. 165 (1807). Pecilloptera, Germar, Mag. Ent. iii. p. 218 (1818). Peciloptera, Signoret, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1838, p. 420. This genus, as at present constituted, is distinguished by the absence of ocelli, the broadly rounded apex of the ample tegmina, and the irregular transverse marginal venation, which is confined to the outer edge, and is often more or less indistinct. 1. Peciloptera phalenoides. La Cigale Phalénoide, Stoll, Cigal. p. 23, t. 2. fig. 9°. Cicada phalenoides, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 12, 1. 2, p. 710’. Flata phalenoides, Fabr. Ent. Syst., Suppl. p. 517°. ' Pecilloptera phalenoides, Germ. Mag. Ent. iii. p. 221 *. Peciloptera phalenoides, Spinola, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1889, p. 423°; Walk. Cat. Homopt. Ins. ii. p- 442°. Hab. Mexico (Bilimek, in Mus. Vind. Ces.); GuaTeMaua, Panima in Vera Paz (Champion); Nicaraava, Chontales (Janson); Costa Rica, Santa Clara Valley (Zurcher); Panama (Boucard),.— CotomBia; VENEZUELA; GuiaNA!®; Ecuapor, Guayaquil; Amazons, Pard®; Braziu®°®; Trinmpap. : PCCILOPTERA.—FLATA, 9 This conspicuous insect, which is one of the best known of all the Homoptera, appears to be common in Brazil and the northern part of South America; in Central America it becomes scarcer, and I only know of one specimen from Mexico. : FLATA. | Flata, Fabricius, Ent. Syst., Suppl. pp. 511, 517 (1798). Colobesthes, Amyot et Serville, Hist. Nat. des Ins. Hém. p- 522 (1843). Phyllyphanta, Amyot et Serville, loc. cit. p. 523. Cromma, Walker, List of Homopt. Ins., Suppl. p. 120. Carthea, Stal, Bidrag till Rio J aneiro-Traktens Hem.-Fauna, p. 69. This genus is here taken as including those species which have the costal margin of the tegmina furnished with a more or less regular series of transverse veins; the apical margin, as a rule, has a very indistinct series of similar veins, and where there is one distinct row there is never a second bounded by a definite line, as in Ormenis. The presence of ocelli separates the genus from Peciloptera; it may be divided into two sections as follows :— I, Head more or less strongly produced triangularly . . . . . . Puyiiypnanta, A. et S, (CartHa@a, Stal). II. Head not produced triangularly . . ... .. . . . . . Fuata,i. sp. I. Head produced triangularly. 1. Flata championi, sp. n. (Tab. VII. figg. 10, 10a.) Leete viridis; capite ante oculos acute triangulariter producto, oculis prominentibus, ad medium carinato; “pronoto ‘eapite breviori, ad latera dilatato, ad medium fortiter carinato ; scutello sat fortiter tricarinato ; ‘tegminibus amplis, margine costali ad basim rotundato, apicem versus fere recto, margine interiori ad apicem valde reflexo, angulo apicali fortiter acuto ; corpore cum pedibus plus minusve virescentibus. Of a bright green colour ; head strongly produced triangularly before the eyes, which are prominent; pronotum distinctly shorter than the head, dilated at the sides; a strong carina runs down the centre of the vertex, pronotum, and scutellum, and the latter has a distinct carina on each side of this; tegmina ample, exterior or costal margin rounded, interior margin nearly straight till near the apex, where it curves upwards into a strong point, the apical angle being distinctly acute; the apical margin is almost straight or very gently excised, the costal apical angle being a right angle or very slightly obtuse; reticulation close, fine, and distinct, the costal margin only being furnished with a distinct row of transverse nervures ; body and legs testaceous, more or less suffused with green. Long. 13-22 millim.; lat. ad hum. 23-4 millim. Hab. Guatemata, Purula in Vera Paz, San Isidro, Cerro Zunil, Zapote, Mirandilla (Champion); Panama, Bugaba, David, Volcan de Chiriqui (Champion). A specimen from David is figured. 52 HEMIPTERA-HOMOPTERA. 2. Flata rotundior, sp. n. (Tab. VII. figg. 11, 11 @.) Preecedenti affinis, sed dilutius virescens, et margine costali tegminum magis rotundato, angulo exteriori toto sensim rotundato, et margine apicali obliquiori facile distinguenda. Closely allied to the preceding, but of a lighter green colour, with the tegmina (viewed from the side) distinctly narrower, and the costal margin more gradually rounded, the exterior angle being entirely and gradually rounded off, and the apical margin somewhat oblique ; the reticulation, moreover, is coarser; the head not quite so much produced, but the difference in this character is very slight. Long. 16-17 millim.; lat. ad hum. 3-4 millim. Hab. Mexico, Orizaba (Bilimek, in Mus. Vind. Ces.); GUATEMALA, Panima and Senahu in Vera Paz (Champion). I have found one specimen of this distinct species among the unnamed undetermined material belonging to the Vienna Museum. We figure a specimen from Panima. 3. Flata punctata, sp. n. Precedenti affinis, sed minor, marginibus tegminum magis parallelis, margine interiori recto, angulo apicali obtuso haud reflexo, margine exteriori fere recto, angulo apicali obtuse rotundato, margine apicali levissime rotundato ; tegminibus subtiliter reticulatis. Allied to F’, rotundior, but smaller, with the margins of the tegmina somewhat parallel, interior margin straight, with the inner apical angle obtuse (not reflexed and acute, as in the two preceding species), exterior margin nearly straight, with the outer apical angle obtusely rounded, apical margin very slightly rounded; reticulation very fine. Long. 13 millim.; lat. ad hum. 3 millim. Hab. Mexico (Bilimek, in Mus. Vind. Ces.). The single specimen above described stands in the Vienna Museum under the name of Phyllyphanta punctata, Signoret ; this, however, as is the case with so many species of Signoret, is simply a manuscript name, for the species does not appear to have been described. It is very distinct. 4, Flata rufocinctata, sp. n. (Tab. VII. figg. 12, 12a.) Prasina, nitidiuscula, marginibus tegminum peranguste rufo-limbatis ; capite brevi, perobtuse triangulariter producto; pronoto ad medium carinato ; scutello tricarinato ; tegminibus haud latis, margine exteriori leviter obliquo, angulo apicali obtuse rotundato, margine interiori recto, angulo apicali recto, margine apicali truncato; pedibus testaceis; tarsis tibiisque rufis. Green, with the margins of the tegmina very narrowly bordered with red, the colour almost ceasing towards the base on the costal margin; head short, obtusely, triangularly produced; pronotum about as long as the head, with a central carina ; scutellum tricarinate ; tegmina comparatively narrow, exterior margin slightly oblique, with the apical angle obtusely rounded, interior margin straight, with the apical angle a sharp right angle, almost acute, apical margin straight, truncate; reticulation fine and very distinct ; legs mostly red. Long. 12 millim.; lat, ad hum. 23 millim. Hab. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui (Champion). This is a very distinct and pretty species; it is intermediate between those with the head sharply produced and those which have the vertex truncate, and not or scarcely produced before the eyes, FLATA. 53 II. Head not produced triangularly. 5. Flata monticola, sp. n. (Tab. VII. figg. 13, 13 a.) Quoad formam staturamque precedenti valde affinis, sed haud nitida, farinosa, colore albido-virescente, venisque majoribus tegminum minus exstantibus, et precipue capite brevissimo, ante oculos haud producto, truncato, facile distinguenda. Of a dull whitish-green, with the veins of the tegmina very plainly marked in a darker colour, but with the larger veins not standing out as in most species of the genus; upper surface farinose ; head very short, not produced before the eyes, truncate, shorter than the pronotum; scutellum with a longitudinal depression in the middle; tegmina with the extreme costal and apical margins reddish, exterior angle rounded, interior angle slightly acute, well marked; legs with a reddish tinge. Long. 12 millim.; lat. ad hum. 23 millim. Hab. Mexico, Omilteme in Guerrero 8000 feet (H. H. Smith). 6. Flata corrupta, sp. n. (Tab. VII. fig. 14.) Capite testaceo, parvo, pronoto angustiori, hoc virescenti; capite longiori; scutello testaceo, fere usque longo ac lato; tegminibus sat angustis, virescentibus, limbo lato irregulari brunneo-testaceo circumcinctis, apicem versus sensim dilatatis ;. corpore subtus cum pedibus testaceis, plus minusve virescentibus, A rather long insect in proportion to its width; head testaceous, small, narrower than the pronotum, which is greenish; scutellum testaceous, about as long as broad; tegmina rather narrow, green, with a broad irregular border running round the whole margin; this is broader in some parts than in others, and at the middle of the internal margin is dilated into a triangular patch, the apex of which nearly reaches the middle of the tegmen, where it encloses a small smooth lighter-coloured spot; the transverse venation on the costal and apical margins is distinct, and the reticulation on the disc is plain, but not strongly raised ; body and legs more or less green. Long. 94 millim.; lat. ad hum. 2 millim. Hab. Guatemata, San Gerénimo 3000 feet (Champion). 7. Flata regularis, sp.n. (Tab. VII. figg. 15, 15 a.) Parva, virescens, margine costali tegminum usque ad tertiam partem apicalem dilute testaceo; capite brevi, haud producto, oculis valde prominentibus; pronoto capite longiori; tegminibus haud latis, marginibus subparallelis, angulis apicalibus rotundatis vel obtuse rotundatis, margine exteriori leviter rotundato, hoc et margine apicali regulariter transversim venosis, disco regulariter reticulato; alis lacteis; pedibus testaceis. A small green species, with the greater part of the costal margin of the tegmina narrowly testaceous, and part of the other margins very narrowly brownish ; head shorter than the pronotum, vertex truncate, eyes very prominent; tegmina considerably longer than broad, with the external margins gently rounded, and the apical angle rounded off, internal apical angle obtusely rounded; the costal and apical margins are very regularly and plainly venose transversely, and the disc is regularly reticulate ; legs testaceous, : probably greenish in life, Long. 8 millim.; lat. ad hum. 2 millim. Hab. Mexico, Amula in Guerrero 6000 feet (H. H. Smith). 8. Flata perpusilla, sp. n. (Tab. VII. fig. 16.) Parva, nitida, dilute virescens; capite haud producto, oculis prominulis, lineé transversé angusté rufa a vertice ad apicem scutelli extensa; tegminibus postice latissimis, margine apicali et marginibus ceteris in partem distincte fusco limbatis, angulo exteriori rotundato, angulo interiori fere recto ; alis virescentibus ; pedibus testaceis. B44 HEMIPTERA-HOMOPTERA. A very small, rather shiny, yellowish-green species, with the head not produced, truncate; fromthe vertex to the scutellum there is a fine red central line; tegmina short and broad, broader behind, with the larger veins well marked, but with the reticulation indistinct ; the costal margin has a dark brown spot behind the middle, and from this extends a rather broad brown border round the truncate apical margin and for about a third of the costal margin; the exterior angles are rounded, and the interior angle is almost a right angle; legs testaceous. Long. 6 millim.; lat. ad hum. 2 millim. Hab. Mexico, Teapa in Tabasco (H. H. Smith). One specimen. This is a very distinct species, and although our specimen is a bad one, yet it is easily recognizable by the above description. The small size, the red line on the front parts, and the brown border of the apical portion of the tegmina can hardly fail to distinguish it. 9. Flata conspersa. (Tab. VII. figg. 17, 17 a:) Peciloptera conspersa, Walk. Ins. Saunders., Homopt. p. 517. Hab. Panama, Bugaba (Champion).—Amazons, Parad}; Perv. The single specimen in our collection is of a lighter colour than is usual with this species, and has the black markings continued for a less space on the tegmina. The species is a large one, with the tegmina arranged for more or less of their length with rows of black spots and lines (the costal row being more linear), these becoming fainter as they are further removed from the base. The head is not produced and is elevated at the sides, and the pronotum is longer than the vertex; the scutellum is faintly carinate; the tegmina are large, broadest just before the apex, the apex being furnished with regular rows of raised lines, and the space before these being finely and regularly reticulate; the wings are milky-white, with distinct and widely separated veins. This insect, at first sight, appears to be’'an Ormenis, as the raised lines before the apical raised lines are very straight and regular, but on a closer examination it will be found that all the lines in the second row are divided by transverse nervures, which thus form a regular reticulated series of small squares ; it is possible that F. conspersa ought to be referred to a separate genus. | ‘There is a very fine Flata in our collection, with an expanse of wing of about 40 millim., labelled “‘ Santa Clara Vall.” Alt. 1200 ft. Costa Rica, F. A. Zurcher. It has the tegmina fawn-colour, shaded with white, with a greenish tinge on the costa, and with two small black spots on the disc, which are traversed by red veins ; the wings are milky-white ; the head is not produced; the interior angles of the tegmina were plainly curved and produced acutely, but the whole apical margin is broken off, and as, besides this, the colour is plainly very much faded, it would be only misleading to mame the insect, which evidently belongs to an undescribed species. ORMENIS. — 55. ORMENIS. Ormenis, Stal, Bidrag till Rio Janeiro-Traktens Hem.-Fauna, ii. p. 68 (1858); Hemipt. Afr. iv. p. 236 (1866); Kongl. Svensk. Vet.-Ak. Hand]. Band 8, no. 1 (Hem. Fabr.), p. 109 (1869). The chief characteristics of this genus appear to be as follows :— Corium with two more or less distinct and regular rows of transverse venules towards the apex; ocelli distinct ; posterior tibie bispinose before the apex.” It seems to be very closely allied to Petrusa, Stal, from which it is said chiefly to differ in having the posterior tibie furnished with two spines before the apex, those in Petrusa being unispinose ; the latter character is not, I believe, always a reliable one, but as all our specimens, with one doubtful exception, appear to belong to Ormenis, we need not here discuss the matter further. The species differ very much in size; some of them are conspicuous insects, while others are very small and insignificant. 1. Ormenis pulverulenta, (Tab. VII. figg. 18, 18 a.) Peciloptera pulverulenia, Guér. Icon. Régne Anim., Ins. p. 361°. Ormenis pulverulenta, Stal, Stett. ent. Zeit. 1864, p. 547. Hab. Mexico? (Mus. Vind. Ces.), Rinconada (Schaus), Vera Cruz (Mus. Vind. Cas.), ‘Teapa in Tabasco (H. H. Smith), Bay of Campeachy !. This species looks very different when denuded of the violet or whitish-violet, waxy, scale-like covering which is usually present on the tegmina; the reticulation seems as if it might form a character, but this is found to vary in different specimens; the size, too, is very variable, the expanse of the wings ranging from 23-38 millim. Walker, List of Homopt. Ins. ii. p. 468, gives “‘ Ceylon” as the locality for P. pulve- rulenta, but he adds a query as to the species. A specimen from Rinconada is figured. 2. Ormenis nigrolimbata, sp. n. (Tab. VII. figg. 19, 19 a.) Albida, tegminibus macul4é communi parva post medium nigra, et limbo perangusto ante hanc maculam deficiente fuscato; capite perbrevi, sat lato, truncato, oculis prominentibus, pronoto vertice fere longiort ; scutello szquilongo ac lato; tegminibus apicem versus paullo latioribus, apice fere recto late truncato ; alis lacteis ; corpore virescente. Entirely white above, with a distinct black common round spot on the tegmina; from this towards the apex proceeds a very narrow fuscous border, which is continued completely round the outer edge, though not so distinctly at the costal apical angle; the suture in front of the spot is not bordered ; head very short, with the eyes, which are prominent, as broad as the pronotum and about the same length; scutellum about as long as broad; tegmina with the sides nearly straight, wider at the apex, the apex broadly truncate; body greenish ; legs light, probably greenish in life. Long. 93 millim.; lat. ad hum, 23 millim. Hab. Panama, Bugaba (Champion). This is one of the most distinct of the smaller members of the genus. 56 HEMIPTERA-HOMOPTERA. Atclen tice ineteh 3, Ormenis erminia, sp. n. (Tab. VII. figg. 20, 20a.) Alba vel pallide virescenti-alba, tegminibus ad costam et basim versus maculis vel lineis parvis fuscis instructis; capite perbrevi, oculis prominulis; pronoto vertice distincte longiori, leviter tricarinato ; tegminibus apicem versus dilatatis, apice late et sat oblique truncato ; corpore pedibusque albidis. White or very pale greenish-white, with regular rows, of variable length, of small dark spots or dashes on the tegmina extending from the shoulders to behind the middle; head very short and without the eyes, which are prominent, distinctly narrower than the pronotum, which is longer than the vertex ; pronotum tricarinate on the disc; tegmina broadest at the apex, the apex broadly and somewhat obliquely truncate; body and legs whitish. Long. 15 millim.; lat. ad hum. 3 millim. Hab. Mexico, Teapa in Tabasco (H. H. Smith); Panama, Bugaba (Champion). A specimen from Bugaba is figured. 4, Ormenis leucophza. Ormenis leucophea, Stal, Stett. ent. Zeit. 1864, p. 55°. Hab. Mexico (Mus. Vind. Ces., Mus. Holm.*). I cannot satisfactorily identify this species in our collection ; we have two specimens from Atoyac, Vera Cruz, which may perhaps be discoloured examples of it. 5. Ormenis infuscata. Ormenis infuscata, Stal, Stett. ent. Zeit. 1864, p. 55°. Hab. Mexico (coll. Signoret', in Mus. Vind. Ces.), Chilpancingo in Guerrero 4600 feet (H. H. Smith). | This is an obscure little species; I have referred one example in our collection to it, but somewhat doubtfully. 6. Ormenis dolabrata, sp.n. (Tab. VII. figg. 21, 21a.) Brunnea, variegata; capite testaceo, perbrevi, lato, cum oculis valde prominentibus pronoto distincte latiori, hoc et scutello testaceis, nigro sat late limbatis; tegminibus brunneis, plag&é magné testaceo-albidé plus minusve irregulari ab humeris usque ad paullo ante apicem continuata, prope apicem marginem attingenti ; alis plus minusve fumatis; corpore plus minusve ad latera virescente; pedibus testaceis. Brown, variegated with whitish-testaceous; head and pronotum yellow-testaceous, the former very short and broad, eyes very large and prominent; pronotum dark at the sides, longer than the vertex; scutellum testaceous, with the sides broadly darker (the colour, however, of the front parts is very deceptive, and often appears to fade into a uniform brown after death); tegmina brown, with a broad whitish-testaceous irregular band reaching from the shoulders to a little before the apex, where it joins the margin; the claval suture and a broader or narrower line before the outer margin are also light-coloured, the colour being much more extended in some specimens than in others; wings smoky, darker towards the apex ; abdomen greenish at the sides; legs testaceous. Long. 9-10 millim.; lat. ad hum. 2 millim. Hab. Mexico, Cuernavaca and Miacatlan (Bilimek, in Mus. Vind. Ces.), Chilpan- cingo in Guerrero 4600 feet (H. H. Smith). | A small series. At first I thought that these specimens might be referred to ORMENIS. 57 O. leucophea, Stal, but they do not agree with the only typical example of that species which I have seen: this is in the Vienna Museum. I have, moreover, received examples of O. dolabrata among unnamed specimens from that collection. We figure an example from Chilpancingo. 7. Ormenis squamulosa, sp. n. (Tab. VII. figg. 22, 22 a.) Fusca, plus minusve subcyaneo-pruinosa; capite testaceo, lato, perbrevi, oculis prominentibus; pronoto perbrevi, sed vertice longiori; scutello ad latera albido-squamoso: tegminibus marginibus supra et infra fere parallelis, apice subtruncato ; pedibus testaceis A rather small fuscous species, with a more or less distinct whitish-cyaneous deposit on the upper parts; head testaceous, vertex very short, eyes large and prominent; pronotum longer than the vertex; scutellum thickly squamose at the sides; tegmina with the upper and lower margins subparallel, and the apex somewhat obliquely truncate ; body in fresh specimens more or less greenish ; legs testaceous. Long. 83-93 millim.; lat. ad hum. 2 millim. Hab. Mexico, Acapulco in Guerrero (H. H. Smith), Valladolid in Yucatan (Gaumer) ; GuaTeMALa, San Juan in Vera Paz (Champion). This species is very like Peciloptera glaucescens, Walk., from San Domingo, but the head is differently shaped ; it is also allied to O. infuscata, but is larger and has the head broader. A specimen from Acapulco is figured. 8. Ormenis albescens, sp. n. (Tab. VII. figg. 23, 23a.) Quoad formam staturamque precedenti affinis, sed tegminibus totis albidis et capite angustiori distinguenda. Very like the preceding in size and shape, but distinguished by having the tegmina entirely of a dirty-white colour and not squamulose, and by the narrower head; the front-parts are testaceous. Long. 9 millim.; lat. ad hum. 2 millim. Hab. Mexico, Jalisco (Schumann). 9. Ormenis griseoalba, sp. n. (Tab. VII. figg. 24, 24a.) Griseo-albescens ; capite perbrevi, lato, oculis prominulis ; pronoto vertice distincte longiori ; scutello longitudine fere latiori; tegminibus subfarinosis albescentibus, apicem versus plus minusve late fuscescentibus; corpore 3 leg ’ pedibusque albido-testaceis. Of a greyish-white colour ; head very short, broad, with the prominent eyes about as broad as the pronotum ; pronotum longer than the vertex; scutellum almost broader than long; tegmina presenting a somewhat mealy appearance, more or less broadly infuscate towards the apex; body and legs whitish-testaceous. Long. 10 millim.; lat. ad hum. 23-3 millim. Hab. GuateMata, San Geronimo (Champion); Panama (Boucard), David in Chiriqui (Champion). This species is allied to O. sguamulosa, from which it differs chiefly in its coloration and somewhat larger size. We figure an example from San Gerénimo. Note.—There is a specimen of a rather fine species belonging to this group in our collection (12 millim. in length), from Cahabon, Vera Paz; it is, however, too imperfect ‘to describe ; the colour is dark grey, mottled with brown and whitish. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Rhynch. Homop., October 1900. RB 58 HEMIPTERA-HOMOPTERA. 10. Ormenis pallescens. Ormenis pallescens, Stal, Stett. ent. Zeit. 1864, p. 55°. Hab. Mexico (Mus. Holm.', Sallé), La Venta and Dos Arroyos in Guerrero (H. Z. Smith), Orizaba (Bilimek, in Mus. Vind. Ces.). 11. Ormenis pallidicosta. Ormenis pallidicosta, Walk. List of Homopt. Ins., Suppl. p. 115°. Hab. Mexico (Sallé), Cordova (Riimeli), Atoyac in Vera Cruz (H. H. Smith). This species is closely allied to O. pallescens, and may prove to be inseparable from it, in which case Walker’s name will have priority: the size is larger, the colour is somewhat deeper green, and the external and internal borders of the tegmina are less paraliel, the interior angle, moreover, being more pronounced. It is possible that the single specimen from Cordova may belong to another species, as it has the interior angle decidedly acute and reflexed. 12. Ormenis inferior, sp.n. (Tab. VII. figg. 25, 25a.) O. pallescenti maxime affinis, sed multo minor; capite ante oculos (a latere viso) minus producto, et marginibus tegminum exteriore et interiore magis parallelis distinguenda. Very closely allied to O. pallescens, and chiefly distinguished by its much smaller size ; head (viewed from the side) not produced before the eyes; scutellum flatter and less convex; exterior and interior margins of the tegmina more parallel, the anterior margin being straighter and less rounded. Long. 8-11 millim.; lat. ad hum. 14-2 millim. Hab. Mexico, Cuernavaca and Orizaba (Bilimek, in Mus. Vind. Ces.), Teapa and Frontera in Tabasco (//. H. Smith); Costa Rica, Caché (Rogers). . This is a very puzzling species, and is so closely allied to the preceding that it is hard to distinguish them in some cases; it appears, however, to be distinct, and is separated from O. pallescens, though without a name, in the Vienna Museum. There is a specimer. from the Volcan de Atitlan, Guatemala, in our collection which appears to be intermediate in size, and which may belong to another species, but I prefer to consider it doubtfully as belonging to O. inferior. A specimen from Teapa is figured. 13. Ormenis tortricina. Pecilloptera tortricina, Germ. Mag. Ent. iv. p. 103°. Hab. Mexico!; Honpvuras (Mus, Brit.).—Braziu!. I have seen only one faded specimen of this insect. I am inclined to think that it is to be referred to the preceding species, or to 0. pallescens, in which case, of course, Germar’s name must stand; but, on the other hand, I do not care to assign all our series of fresh specimens to OQ. tortricina without further confirmation. DASCALIA. 59 DASCALTIA. Dascalia, Stal, Bidrag till Rio Janeiro-Traktens Hemipter-Fauna, ii. p. 69 (1858); Hem. Afr. iv. p- 235 (1866) ’. Stal! characterizes this genus as follows :—“ Venis tegminum longitudinalibus apicem versus simplicibus, haud furcatis, seriebus duabus continuis regularibus venularum transversarum conjunctis,” thus separating it from Ormenis, Flata, &c., which are described as “venis tegminum longitudinalibus compluribus apice furcatis, venis transversis vario modo dispositis.” Subsequently? he gives the characters some- what differently :—‘“Tegminibus apicem versus seriebus duabus transversis maxime regularibus venularum instructis, venis longitudinalibus inter et pone series illas simplicibus nec furcatis.” The only insect belonging to this genus which I have seen is one in the Vienna Museum, presented by Signoret and labelled Dascalia nietoi (a manuscript name) ; this certainly differs from Ormenis, but it does not answer well to Stal’s description, for although the short apical veins are not (or only in one or two cases) forked, the regular series of transverse veins are not distinct, and in specimens in our collection which appear to belong to the same species they are very irregular. The genus is very distinct, and, apart from venation, may be known by its very short and broad truncate head, the very prominent shoulders and large tegule, and the strongly raised callosity on each side of the tegmina behind the shoulders, which gives the insect a swollen appearance if viewed from above; it seems to form in some way a sort of connecting-link between Flatoides and Ormenis. | 1. Dascalia nietoi, sp. n. (Tab. VII. figg. 26, 26a.) Viridescens vel fusco-virescens, colore variante, nigro vel fusco variegata ; capite lato brevissimo, haud vel vix ante oculos producto, truncato, oculis prominulis; fronte suboblong4é, ad medium plus minusve distincte carinaté; pronoto capite longiori, antice rotundato ; scutello convexo, plus minusve nigro notato; tegmi- nibus fusco vel nigro notatis aut partim reticulatis, margine interno (a latere viso) ad apicem elevato, leviter venosis; pedibus et abdomine testaceis, vel plus minusve infuscatis. Very variable in colour, being light green with strong irregular dark markings, or greenish-fuscous, or fuscous- brown with darker markings, which on the tegmina are sometimes reticulate ; head very broad and short, truncate, not or scarcely produced before the eyes, which are very prominent ; forebead slightly longer than broad, with a more or less distinct central keel ; pronotum distinctly longer than the head, rounded in front; scutellum convex, about as broad as the head including the eyes, more or less marked with black spots, or variegated with black; tegmina not strongly veined, with the inner margin produced at the apex, so that when viewed from the side (when closed) it appears elevated; callosity behind the shoulders strong and prominent; legs and abdomen more or less agreeing with the general colour, the former bispinose. Long. 10-12 millim.; lat. ad hum. 3-4 millim. Hab. Mexico (Mus. Vind. Ces.); GuatemMaLa, San Juan in Vera Paz, San Isidro (Champion) ; Panama, Bugaba, Volcan de Chiriqui (Champion). A specimen from Mexico is figured. *8 2 60 | HEMIPTERA-HOMOPTERA. FLATOIDES. Flatoides, Guérin, Icon. Régne Anim., Ins. p. 362 (1829-1838). Elidiptera, Spinola, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1839, p. 304. Phalenomorpha, Amyot et Serville, Hist. des Ins. Hém. p. 525 (1843). Atracis, Stal, Hem. Afr. ii. p. 250 (1866). This genus includes a number of obscurely coloured species, which in several cases are very hard to distinguish one from another. ‘These insects are found, I believe, on boughs or trunks of trees among lichen, and they afford a very good example of pro- tective resemblance or mimicry, as in such a situation it would be very difficult to detect them; not only are they of a dull brown or greenish colour, but many of them have larger or smaller stain:like markings on the tegmina, and some are furnished with more: or less conspicuous callosities, all of which make the resemblance to their surroundings more accurate. Stal separates the genus into two—Atracis, with unispinose posterior tibiew, and Flatoides, in which the tibie are bispinose; as this, however, appears to be the only tangible difference, it would be best to regard the character as merely separating them for convenience’ sake into two divisions. I. Posterior tibiz with one Jarge spine on its outer edge, about, or a little behind, the middle. 1. Flatoides humeralis. (Tab. VIII. figg. 1, 1a.) Flatoides humeralis, Walk. List of Homopt. Ins. ii. p. 403’. Elidiptera basistigma, Walk. List of Homopt. Ins., Suppl. p. 69. Phalenomorpha sordida, Stal, Stett. ent. Zeit. xxv. p. 54°. Hab. Muxico?* (Mus. Vind. Ces.); Guatemata, San Joaquin in Vera Paz, Pantaleon (Champion); Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui, Bugaba (Champion).—Amazons, Para}. This appears to be a somewhat variable species; it may be distinguished amongst its allies by the more or less truncate and emarginate head, the comparative closeness of the transverse veins at the apex of the tegmina, and the rather strongly waved costal margin. The single example from Bugaba may belong to another species, but at present I prefer to treat it as a variety of /. humeralis. Stal (Bidrag till Rio Janeiro-Traktens Hemipter- Fauna, ii. p. 70) assigns /. humeralis, Walker, to his genus Vutina; apparently, however, he was unacquainted with the species, as he subsequently appears tv have described it again as Pha/enomorpha sordida. The single specimen which I have received from the Vienna Museum under the name of F. humeralis has the above synonymy attached to it; this was presented by Signoret, and it was on a type from Signoret’s collection that Stal described P. sordida, so that the determination is evidently correct. We figure an exampie from Chiriqui. FLATOIDES. 61 2. Flatoides basistigma. Elidiptera basistigma, Walk. List of Homopt. Ins., Suppl. p. 69°. Hab. Mexico (Sallé 1), 3. Flatoides quadripunctulus, sp. n. (Tab. VIII. fig. 2.) Subparallelus, testaceo-brunneus ; capite fere seque longo ac lato, oculis prominulis; pronoto angulis anterioribus obtusis ; scutello utrinque carinato ad basim utrinque macula nigra instructo; tegminibus sat rugosis, maculis parvis utrinque ad medium haud procul a satura longitudinaliter dispositis, margine costali deuse transversim venato ; tibiis posticis fortiter unispinosis. A somewhat parallel, testaceous-brown species; head abont as long as broad, vertex excavate, almost truncate in front ; pronotum about as long as the head, very slightly emarginate in front, with the anterior angles obtuse; at the base there is a small black spot on each side; tegmina with four small black spots near the middle, two on each side, and other small dark splashes and markings, costal margin with closely-set transverse veins; posterior tibia with one strong spine on each. Long. 14 millim.; lat. ad hum. 6 millim. Hab. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui (Champion). 4. Flatoides scaber, sp.n. (Tab. VIII. figg. 3, 3a.) Griseo-brunneus, fusco irregulariter maculatus ; capite longo, latitudine longiori, antice obtuse subrotundato, late excavato, oculis prominentibus ; pronoto sat longo, antice rotundato; scutello leviter utrinque carinato ; tegminibus sat nitidis, scabris, margine costali lato, sinuato, minus dense transversim venoso, disco fusco maculato; tibiis posticis fortiter unispinosis. Of a greyish-brown colour, with irregular fuscous markings; head Jong, longer than broad, vertex broadly and shallowly excavate, anterior margin obtusely rounded, almost truncate, eyes prominent ; pronotum comparatively long, rounded in front, and very slightly sinuate in the centre of the anterior margin ; scutellum about as long as the head and pronotum together, finely carinate laterally, with a small black spot on each side at the base; tegmina rough, rather shiny, with a broad, somewhat crinkled costal margin, the transverse nervures on which are set rather far apart, except towards the apex, where they are thicker; the disc is irregularly set with little fuscous callosities, and the discal veins are more or less dark; wings milky-white ; posterior tibia with one strong spine on each. Long. 11 millim.; lat. ad hum. 5 millim. Hab. Mexico, Amula in Guerrero 6000 feet (Hl. H. Smith). This species may easily be known from the preceding by its much longer head and differently shaped and sculptured tegmina, and also by the broader and rounder plate at the apex of the abdomen in the female. 5. Flatoides levior, sp. n. Subparallelus, testaceo-brunneus ; capite brevi, longitudine latiori, oculis pr ominulis ; pronoto antice rotundato ; scutello, capite et pronoto plane longiori ; tegminibus unicoloribus, haud rugosis, margine costali et apicali minus dense regulariter transversim venato; corpore subtus ad partem virescente; tibiis posticis unispinosis. Subparallel, of a uniform testaceous-brown colour above ; head very short, broader than long ; pronotum abou: as long as the head, rounded in front, sometimes with a dark spot on each side at the base; scutellum longer than the head and pronotum together, very finely carinate at the sides; tegmina comparatively smooth, with the costal margin broad and furnished with regular and not very closely-set transverse 62 HEMIPTERA-HOMOPTERA. nervures; at the apex there are two very regular rows of similar nervures ; posterior tibie with one strong spine on each; underside more or less green (in fresh specimens probably mostly of a greenish tinge). Long. 15 millim.; lat. ad hum. 8 millim. Hab. Mexico, Jalapa (Hége); Guatemata, Calderas (Champion). This insect is closely allied to F. humeralis, of which it may be merely a variety, but it differs from that species in its more parallel form and smoother tegmina, and in the arrangement of the transverse costal nervures, which are not so near together and are more regular. 6. Flatoides pollutus, sp. n. (Tab. VIII. fig. 4.) Latus, virescens, plus minusve fusco vel griseo-fusco notatus; capite brevi, eque longo ac lato, perobtuse producto vel subtruncato, margine verticis levissime emarginato, oculis prominulis; pronoto antice rotundato; scutello brevi, latitudine longiori; tegminibus latis, amplis, fusco-vittatis vel ad marginem late maculatis, colore variante; margine costali et apicali dense transversim venoso; tibiis posticis unispinosis. . A broad, green or greenish species, more or less marked with fuscous or greyish-brown; head short, about as long as broad, vertex very obtusely produced or subtruncate, slightly emarginate on its front margin ; pronotum about as long as the head, rounded in front ; scutellum comparatively short, broader than long; tegmina large and broad, with an oblique fuscous vitta reaching from the shoulders to the margins, or with more or less distinct stain-like patches at the sides, or with indistinct sinuous bands or markings; the costal margin is thickly set with transverse nervures; posterior tibie with one strong spine on each. Long. 12-14 millim.; lat. ad hum. 8-11 millim. Hab. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui 2500 to 6000 feet, Bugaba (Champion). The males are smaller than the females and differently coloured. 7. Flatoides simillimus, sp. n. Praecedenti maxime affinis, sed capite breviori, haud producto; fronte etiam breviori, et tegminibus magis decumbentibus, brunneis, lined fuscé sinuaté intra marginem costalem decurrente, aliaque latiori fortiter sinuaté ante apicem, preecipue distinguendus. A small species, very like the male of F. pollutus, but of a fuscous-brown colour, with the head shorter and more truncate, and the forehead, in consequence, shorter and broader; the tegmina are more decumbent, and inside the broad costal margin there is a sinuate fuscous line continued from the base to near the apex; before the apex is a broader, strongly sinuate, fuscous line, and there is a broad dark line near the claval suture; posterior tibize unispinose. Long. 10 millim.; lat. ad hum. 6 millim. Hab. Guatemata, Teleman in Vera Paz (Champion). One female example. I had at first treated this insect as a variety of F. pollutus, but it appears to be distinct. There is a single specimen of the last-named species in our collection which closely resembles it as regards the shape of the head. FLATOIDES. 63 II. Posterior tibizee with two distinct spines towards the apex. 8. Flatoides griseus, sp. n. Griseus ; capite brevi, transverso, antice truncato, macula parva nigra, minutdque alter4 utrinque instructo, ‘oculis prominulis; pronoto sat longo, notis nigris minutis, antice rotundato, haud emarginato; scutello brevi, longitudine latiori ; tegminibus latis, haud decumbentibus, margine costali dense, margine apicali rarius transversim regulariter venatis, vitté angusta, fuscé, ante apicem fortiter sinuataé; tibiis posticis bispinosis. Femina. Lamina apicali abdominis haud transversé, maxima. Of a greyish colour, with more or less obscure fuscous markings, mostly insignificant ; head short, transverse, truncate, with a small black spot just at the front edge of the vertex and a black dot on each side: pronotum comparatively long, rounded in front, dotted with black; scutellum broader than long; tegmina large, not decumbent, broadest just behind the shoulders, with a strongly marked sinuate fuscous band before the apex, and the humeral calli partly surrounded with dark colour; costal margin thickly and regularly set with transverse nervures, which are much less close at the apex ; posterior tibie with two large spines towards the apex. Female with the apical plate of the last abdominal segment very large. Long. 13 millim.; lat. ad hum. 8 millim. Hab. Guatemaua, Mirandilla 1700 feet (Champion). This species very closely resembles J’. simallimus, from which, however, it differs in having bispinose tibie, a character which, according to Stal, places it at once in a separate genus. There are two specimens in our collection with the posterior tibize bispinose—one from Jalapa, Mexico (Hdge), and the other from Duefias, Guatemala (Champion), which I thought at first might be referred to F. griseus; they are, however, plainly different, and probably belong to quite distinct species; they are scarcely in a condition to describe on single examples. 9. Flatoides isabellinus, sp.n. (Tab. VIII. figg. 5, 5 a.) Griseus, isabellinus; capite brevissimo, triangulariter producto, oculis prominulis; pronoto capite fere longiori, antice rotundato; scutello latitudine longiori; tegminibus pane unicoloribus, margine costali dense, margine apicali crasse et rarius transversim venosis ; alis plus ninusve infuscatis ; tibiis posticis distincte et sat fortiter bispinosis. Of a greyish dun-colour; head very short, in the form of a broad-based triangle; pronotum almost longer than the head, rounded in front; scutellum longer than broad ; tegmina nearly unicolorous, a little lighter in parts, with some scattered minute fuscous dots, and with or without a somewhat indistinct fuscous band before the apex ; costal margin with thickly set and rather indistinct transverse veins, those on the apical margin being coarse and very distinct and more widely separated ; wings smoky ; posterior tibie bispinose. Female with a moderate-sized laminal abdominal plate at the apical segment of the abdomen. Long. 11-18 millim.; lat. ad hum. 5-8 millim. Hab. Panama, Caldera, Volcan de Chiriqui (Champion). 10. Flatoides atrilinea. Elidiptera atrilinea, Walk. List of Homopt. Ins., Suppl. p. 69°. Hab. Mexico (Sallé'*). 64 HEMIPTERA-HOMOPTERA. 11. Flatoides obliquus. (Tab. VIII. figg. 6, 6a.) Elidiptera obliqua, Walk. List of Homopt. Ins., Suppl. p. 70°. Sat magnus, albescens ; capite testaceo, vertice latitudine longiori, antice obtuse producto, oculis prominentibus ; pronoto virescente, capite breviori; scutello magno, testaceo, utrinque carinato ; tegminibus amplis, albidis, regulariter reticulatis, margine costali dense transversim venato, suturé ad medium elevaté; corpore testaceo, plus minusve virescente ; tibiis posticis distincte bispinosis. A large whitish species, with the front-parts testaceous and the pronotum greenish; head long, evidently longer than broad between the eyes, which are very prominent, frons longer than broad, with a dark spot at the apex; pronotum shorter than the head, with the anterior lateral angles sharp, and with two small distinct impressions in front ; scutellum large, carinate on each side; tegmina ample, finely and regularly reticulate, the dilated costal margin with closely-set and more or Jess bifurcate transverse veins ; just behind the middle the suture is raised in a callosity, which is fuscous behind, and a little behind this are two small black dots and some minute black markings at the suture a little before the apex; body testaceous, more or less greenish ; posterior tibiee with two distinct, rather strong, spines. Long. 18 millim.; lat. ad hum. 9 millim. Hab. Mexico (Sallé}, in Mus. Brit.) ; Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui 4000 to 6000 feet (Champion). This is a very distinct and rather large species, of a pale whitish or greenish-white colour, with but few markings. Walker's type does not answer to his description }, and I have therefore redescribed the insect from our Panama specimens: one of its chief characteristics is the long vertex of the head, but Walker especially says “ verter transversus.” Subfam. RICANIINA. The Ricaniine, like the Flatine, are very widely distributed, and many of them are large and conspicuous forms, although they are much more sombrely coloured than most of the insects belonging to the last-named group. They differ very much inter se in general appearance; many of them bear a close resemblance to certain species of Hymenoptera, while others, again, are very like certain dark-coloured Lepidoptera. The genera represented in our collection may be roughly characterized as follows :— I. Clypeus distinctly separated from the frons; costal margin of tegmina with more or less distinct and regular transverse nervures along its whole length. 1. Tegmina ample, usually much narrowed behind. i. Forehead broader than long, or at most as broad as long; the sides of the clypeus not or very indistinctly carinate; tegmina mostly opaque. 2. 2. 1. we we ew ee we ee Ricanta, Germ. ii. Forehead plainly longer than broad, or, at most, as long as broad ; in the latter case the sides of the clypeus very distinctly carinate ; tegmina mostly vitreous. A. Size larger ; tegmina vitreous, with distinct dark markings ; clypeus with the sides distinctly carinate. a. Tegmina with four veins proceeding from the basal areola; frons unicarinate. 2. , . 2 6 ee ee ee he hw eh he )6Nogopi, Stal. RICANIA. 65 6. Tegmina with three veins proceeding from the basal areola; frons tricarinate 2. 6 1. 1 ww we ee ww ww we «Sassen, Stl, B. Size smaller; tegmina entirely vitreous, with, at most, a dark spot or two on the costal margin; clypeus without, or with very indistinct, raised margins. . . . . . . . .. . . . Gertutta, Stal. 2. Tegmina narrow and parallel-sided . . . . . . . . . . Buanpina, Stal. II. Clypeus not distinctly separated from the frons ; general form cylindrical ; costal margins of the tegmina without transverse nervures, except a few near the apex . . . . 1. 1. ew we ee ee eh.) 6A PATESON, gen. nov. RICANIA. Ricania, Germar, Mag. der Ent. iii. p. 325 (1818). Ricania originally included a large number of species, many of which have now been assigned to separate genera. As here restricted, it is characterized by the broad, truncate head, which is scarcely or only slightly produced before the eyes, and has the front of the vertex strongly carinated; the distinct ocelli; the strongly tricarinate scutellum; the large and ample tegmina, which are widened towards the apex, and, as a rule, not or not strongly decumbent, with a distinct apical area furnished with more or less closely-set parallel veins; the often small wings; the usually bispinose posterior tibiz, which, however, are sometimes furnished with three distinct spines, and occasionally appear to have one only. 1. Ricania bugabensis, sp.n. (Tab. VIII. figg. 7, 7 a.) Sat parva, fusco-brunnea; capite paullo ante oculos producto, truncato; pronoto interdum dilutiori, ad medium carinato; tegminibus amplis, fusco-brunneis, maculé apicem versus costali hyaliné, notisque nigris quibusdam in disco instructis; fronte et pectore testaceis ; pedibus plus minusve infuscatis. Rather a small species, of a dark fuscous-brown colour, with the front-parts sometimes lighter; forehead not carinate; pronotum about as long as the head, which is slightly produced ; tegmina ample, not or moderately decumbent, strongly veined, of a dark brown colour, with a light hyaline costal patch before the apex, and other more or less obscure light markings on the costa towards the base ; on the disc there are several rather large black impressed spots on each side, which are somewhat variable (they are very distinct on lighter specimens, but in the dark ones almost merge into the ground-colour) ; the apical veins are strong, and separated from the basal portion of the tegmina by a very distinct ridge; wings small; frons and chest and part of the abdomen testaceous ; legs testaceous, more or less infuscate. Long. 9-10 millim.; lat. ad hum. 5 millim. Hab. Panama, Bugaba (Champion). Several examples. 2. Ricania feralis, sp.n. (Tab. VIII. figg. 8, 8 a.) Major, fusco-brunnea; capite vix producto, pronoto multo breviori; tegminibus amplis, cost4 antice dilatatd, regulariter, disco fortiter et irregulariter, transversim venosis, venis apicalibus dense dispositis ; colore unicolori, macula irregulari discali, alteré ad costam ante apicem, aliisque ad marginem apicis hyalinis ; corpore pedibusque fusco-testaceis. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Rhynch. Homop., October 1900. *9 66 HEMIPTERA-HOMOPTERA. Much larger than the preceding species, of a dark fuscous-brown colour; head scarcely produced, much shorter than the pronotum; pronotum produced and rounded in front, carinate, with an impression in front on each side; tegmina ample, with the costal margin dilated towards the base, and set very regularly with strong transverse veins, the apical portion with the parallel veins set very close together (and not divided from the basal portion by a strong raised ridge as in the preceding species), of a dark fuscous-brown colour, with a conspicuous irregular hyaline patch on the disc just beyond the middle, and another smaller one on the margin before the apex, the apex itself having two hyaline narrow patches on its extreme margin; body and legs fuscous or fuseo-testaceous. Long. 14-15 millim.; lat. ad hum. 5 millim, Hab. Panama, Bugaba (Champion). NOGODINA. Nogodina, Stal, Bidrag till Rio Janeiro-Trakt. Hem.-Fauna, i. p. 70 (1858); Berl. ent. Zeitschr. 1859, p. 326. This genus appears to have been formed by Stal to include the well-known Plata reticulata, Fabr.; it may be distinguished by the fact that four veins proceed from the basal areola, and by the forehead being comparatively short, broad, and unicarinate. 1. Nogodina reticulata. Flata reticulata, Fabr. Syst. Rhyng. p. 47 (1808) *. La cigale a Ailes de Gaze, Stoll, Cig. p. 29, t. 4. fig. 19°. Ricania reticulata, Burm. Handb. Ent. ii. 1, p. 161°; Spinola, Amn. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1839, p. 403 ‘; Am. et Serv. Hist. Nat. Hém. p. 529°; Melichar, Ann. k.-k. naturhist. Hofmuseums, xiii. p. 806°. Ricania klugit, Spinola, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1839, p. 408’. Hab. CentraL America®; Honpuras®.—Sovura Americal, Colombia °%, Cayenne ? ®, Parad, Brazil4+®7, Peru®, Nauta, Tabatinga. I am very doubtful whether this species really occurs in Central America. It is not represented in our collection, and Mr. Kirby (who has kindly compared the species for me) tells me that Walker’s &. reticulata, labelled as from Honduras, is really Sassula pictifrons. ‘The above references to Central America and Honduras are given solely on the authority of Dr. Melichar®, who may have been under some misapprehension in the matter. SASSULA. Sassula, Stal, Of. Vet.-Ak. Forh, xxvii. p. 769 (1870). Sassula was introduced by Stal as a subgenus of Miriza, and as including M. osmy- loides, Walk., and M. sorurcula, Stal. Miriza appears to be regarded by Dr. Melichar as synonymous with Nogodina, Stél, and he gives as the reference for the genus “‘ Nogodina, Berl. ent. Zeitschr. iii. p. 8326 (1859); Miriza, Stal, Ofv. Vet.-Ak. Férh. xxvii. p. 769 (1870).” The genus Sassula differs from Nogodina by the fact that three veins only proceed from the basal areola of the tegmina (instead of four, as in the first-named genus), and the claval veins are united into one at or a little beyond SASSULA. 67 the middle; the frons, too, is longer and tricarinate. The two species which Stal regards as typical of the genus are both Eastern forms, and differ very much inéer se, the reticulation of the tegmina of S. sorurcula being somewhat like that of a Varcia, while S. osmyloides differs considerably from the common Central-American S. pictifrons in this respect. It is possible that the latter may have to be taken as the type of a separate genus, but I prefer to follow the recent work of Dr. Melichar; if slight differences of reticulation are to be taken into account, the number of genera of the Ricaniine must be largely increased. 1. Sassula pictifrons. (Tab. VIII. figg. 9, 9a, 10, 11.) Nogodina pictifrons, Stal, Stett. ent. Zeit. xxv. p. 53°. Sassula pictifrons, Melichar, Ann. k.-k. naturhist. Hofmuseums, xiii. p. 311. Ricania reticulata, Walk. List of Homopt. Ins. ii. p. 422 (nec Fabr.)°*. Hab. Mexico!, Vera Cruz! 2, Atoyac in Vera Cruz (Schumann); GuaTemaLa, Teleman in Vera Paz, San Isidro, El Reposo, Mirandilla (Champion); Honpuras? 3, Ruatan I. (Gaumer); Panama?, Bugaba, Volcan de Chiriqui, and David (Champion). We have a large series of this insect in our collection, comprising nearly sixty examples; at first sight they would appear to belong to several distinct species, but I cannot detect any structural difference of importance. They certainly vary very much, inter se, in colour and markings; but the specimens from different localities run one into another and are evidently not distinct, even as varieties, with the exception of one local race from Ruatan Island, Honduras. Our series may be divided into groups as follows, it being understood that, with the one exception just noted, inter- mediate examples occur in each case:— 1. Markings extremely dark; subapical band very distinct; subapical and subbasal costal spots strongly marked, and about equal in size. (Fig. 9.) Hab. Guatemata, Teleman in Vera Paz. 2. Markings dark; subapical band distinct; subapical costa spot, as a rule, larger than the subbasal one. Hab. Mexico, Atoyac in Vera Cruz; Guatumata, San Isidro, El Reposo; Panama, Bugaba, David, Volcan de Chiriqui. 3. Markings lighter; subapical band much less distinct ; subbasal costal spot very small or absent, Had. Guatemata, Mirandilla; Panama, Bugaba, Volcan de Chiriqui. 4, Veins and markings light brown ; subapical band absent ; subbasal costal spot absent. (Fig. 10.) Hab. Panama, Bugaba, Volcan de Chiriqui. 5. Tegmina with two very narrow, irregular, dark bands, which are widened into more or less distinct spots at the costal margin, and are more or less interrupted towards the suture; subapical band absent. (Fig. 11.) Hab. Honpvvuras, Ruatan Island. #9 2 68 HEMIPTERA-HOMOPTERA. The last-mentioned insect, no. 5, seems to represent a distinct insular variety, and may be separated as such under the name ruatanensis. We figure specimens from Teleman, Ruatan Island, and the Volcan de Chiriqui. 2. Sassula costalis, sp.n. (Tab. VIII. figg. 12, 12 a.) S. pictifronti affinis, sed capite paullo magis producto, fronte unicolori, et costé tegminum latiori et magis regulariter et rarius transversim venosa, facile distinguenda. Rather smaller than the average specimens of S. pictifrons, from which it differs in having the head a little more produced before the eyes, and the costal margin of the tegmina somewhat broader, and with the transverse veins further apart and more regular; the front, moreover, is unicolorous and without the rows of minute black spots on either side which are so charaeteristic of S. pietifrons; the colour is light brown, and the tegmina have the subapical band wanting and replaced at the apex by one or two light brown ‘spots; the subapical costal spot is small and the subbasal spot minute ; abdomen and legs yellow, the latter in part slightly infuscate. Long. 13 millim.; lat. ad hum. 34 millim. Hab. Nicaraeva, Chontales (Janson). GTULIA. Getulia, Stal, Stett. ent. Zeit. xxv. p. 54 (1864). This genus is allied to Nogodina, Stal, from which it differs chiefly, according to Stal, in the narrow vertex, and in having the sides of the clypeus not carinate; the vertex, however, is somewhat variable in length, and consequently in proportional breadth. The insects are smaller than in Nogodina and have a more vitreous appearance. 1. Getulia plenipennis. (Tab. VIII. figg. 13, 13 a.) Ricania plenipennis, Walk. List of Homopt. Ins., Suppl. p. 104". Getulia pudibunda, Stal, Stett. ent. Zeit. xxv. p. 54”. Hab. Mexico ! 2, Sierra de las Aguas Escondidas in Guerrero 7000 feet (7. H. Smith) ; GuUATEMALA, Tamahu, Senahu, and Panzos in Vera Paz, Cerro Zunil (Champion); Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui (Champion). A more or less defined dark costal spot is present in most specimens between the middle of the tegmina and the apex; it is, however, sometimes absent. Var. nigrocarinata, n. Vertice breviori, carinisque scutelli plus minusve nigris distinguenda. Closely allied to the type-form, but easily distinguished by the shorter vertex and the three keels on the scutellum being black. Hab. Guatema.a, Cubilguitz, Purula, and Senahu in Vera Paz (Champion). This might perhaps be regarded as a separate species, but for the fact that inter- mediate specimens occur. We figure a specimen of the type-form from Guerrero. GATULIA.—BLADINA. | 69 2. Getulia fulva. Getulia fulva, Melichar, Ann. k.-k. naturhist. Hofmuseums, xiii. p. 328, t. 14. figg. 10a, 6°. Hab. Guatemara (Mus. Stuttgart '). The following is Dr. Melichar’s description of this insect :— ‘In form and size very like G. plenipennis; the strongly projecting vertex, however, is plainly narrowed behind, the body is bright yellow, almost bright orange-yellow, in colour, the margins of the vertex black, the carine on the pronotum and scutellum bright red. Ocelli red; the third antennal joint and the antennal sete black; tegmina diaphanous, shining, veins bright yellow, stigma pale yellow; on the back of the abdomen is a row of reddish spots; wings diaphanous ; legs pale yellow, claws dark. 9. Length of the body without the tegmina 12 mm.” . I feel certain that G. fulva is merely a variety of G. plenipennis; apart from the shape of the vertex, which is very variable in the latter species, the characters appear to rest entirely on colour-differences, which are very unreliable in these diaphanous insects. As, however, I have not seen the specimen on which the species has been described, I prefer to let it stand provisionally. BLADINA. Bladina, Stal, Berl. ent. Zeitschr. ii. p. 324 (1859); Bidrag till Rio Janeiro-Trakt. Hem.-Fauna, ii. p. 70. This genus is distinguished by having the forehead only a little longer than broad, with a strong central carina; the head broad, with the vertex very short; and, especially, by the long, narrow, almost parallel-sided tegmina, which have the veins towards the apex very thickly set and parallel. ‘The species that I have seen are very closely allied and appear to differ in hardly any other point, except to a certain extent in size. It is probable that Peciloptera ricanioides, Spinola (Aun. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1839, p. 442, t. 6. fig. 6), from Northern Mexico or California, belongs to this genus; this insect was described from a single female specimen, and that, to judge from the description, an abnormal one. 1. Bladina magnifrons. (Tab. VIII. figg. 14, 14 a.) Bladina magnifrons, Walk. Insecta Saunders., Homopt. p. 56°. _ Bladina fuscana, Stal, Bidrag till Rio Janeiro-Trakt. Hem.-Fauna, ii. p. 13’. ? Flatoides rudis, Walk. List of Homopt. Ins. ii. p. 421°. Hab. Mexico, Teapa in Tabasco (H. H. Smith); Guatemaua, Coatepeque and Torola (Champion).—VENEZUELA® ; Amazons, Para’; Brazit, Rio Janeiro *. oo There is a large series of this species in our collection. Our specimens are somewhat smaller than B. fuscana, Stal, an example of which has been kindly sent to me for comparison by Dr. Sjésted], of the Stockholm Museum, and they are also smaller than those I have seen from the Amazons. JB. magnifrons bears a close superficial resemblance to certain species of Zssus. The specimen figured is from Teapa. 10 HEMIPTERA-HOMOPTERA. APATESON, gen. nov. Elongatum, angustum, parallelum, cylindricum, vertice brevissimo, antice carinato, fronte longa, excavata, suturé clypeali indistincta, lateribus valde elevatis, carinatis ; oculis prominulis, ocellis distinctis ; pronoto brevissimo, antice rotundato; scutello prelongo, sat fortiter tricarinato; tegminibus opacis, sat corneis, angustis, parallelis, venis vix elevatis, vend radiali a basi, vena ulnari a medio furcaté; margine costali ad apicem venis quibusdam transversis instructo; alis opacis cum tegminibus concoloribus ; tibiis posticis unispinosis. Elongate, narrow, and parallel, with the vertex very short, elevated at the sides between the eyes, which are ‘prominent ; ocelli distinct, between the eye and the margin of the frons; frons and clypeus divided by an indistinct suture, apparently forming one long piece, which is excavate and strongly carinate at the sides ; pronotum very short, rounded in front; scutellum long, tricarinate; tegmina long, narrow, and parallel, somewhat convex, with the veins not strongly marked, the radial vein being forked from the base, and the ulnar vein from the middle; the costal margin at the apex has about nine or ten transverse veins, not set very close together ; wings dark, concolorous with the tegmina; posterior tibia unispinose, I have referred this genus to the Ricaniine, as the ridge dividing the vertex and frons is distinct, but I do not feel sure as to its position. 1. Apateson albomaculatum, sp.n. (Tab. VIII. figg. 15, 15a.) Nigrum, cylindricum, fronte et clypeo albido-marginatis ; scutello ad basim maculis duabus albidis instructo ; tegulis, postscutello, et decem maculis tegminum albescentibus ; apice tegminum hyalino ; abdomine nigro vel fusco, pectore pedibusque infuscatis; alis nigrescentibus, opacis; pedibus spina un& pone medium instructis. Black, with the front edged with white; on each side of the scutellum, touching the margin towards the base, is a white spot; the tegule are large and white, and the postscutellum is wholly or partly of the same colour ; the tegmina are long, narrow, and parallel, with six white spots (three on each side) at the suture, the hinder pair being transverse, an irregular oblique white spot on the disc towards the base, and a spot on the costal margin beyond the middle; the apex of the tegmina exteriorly is hyaline, the hyaline portion being crossed by a transverse dark band, and the apex itself is dark ; wings opaque fuscous-black ; posterior tibiee with one spine a little behind the middle. Long. 11-12 millim.; lat. 3 millim. Hab. Mexico, Teapa in Tabasco (H. H. Smith), Valladolid in Yucatan (Gaumer) ; Nicaragua, Chontales (Mus. Brit.); Panama, Bugaba (Champion). The specimen figured is from Teapa. Fam. DERBIDA*. The members of this family are chiefly noted for the development of the antennae, which is very marked in certain genera ; the posterior tibie are usually simple. They differ considerably inter se in general appearance, but are, for the most part, very delicate insects, some bearing a close resemblance to certain Lepidoptera and Neuroptera. The position of the group is somewhat doubtful: Spinola regards the * Derboides” as * By W. W. Fowzer. DERBE. 71 a subfamily or subtribe of the “‘Issites,” the other subfamilies being the “ Issoides” and “ Flatoides” ; Amyot and Serville place it between the Delphacide and the Isside, while Stal assigns it a position between the “ Achilida” and ‘“Tropiduchida” on the one hand, and the “ Lophopida,” “ Issida,” and “ Ricaniida” on the other; as a matter of fact, it appears to be related to several families. We have not given any table of the genera, as these are by no means satisfactorily differentiated at present. ‘The difficulty of determination is much increased by the extreme delicacy of the insects: the bodies shrivel up and lose colour after death, and it is almost impossible to reset many of the species. Much more material also is required before the group can be monographed with any approach to accuracy. . DERBE. Derée, Fabricius, Syst. Rhyng. p. 80 (1803) ; Amyot et Serville, Hist. Nat. des Ins. Hémipt. p. 515. The insects belonging to this genus bear a superficial resemblance to certain species of Neuroptera. ‘The head is narrow and compressed ; the antenne have the first joint short, and the second large and swollen and truncate at the apex, the third consisting of a fine seta; the tegmina are very long and narrow, much larger than the wings, and both are vitreous, with strong dark venation, and occasionally with more or less obscure darker markings. The large number of long and narrow and very regular apical areas is one of the best characteristics of the genus. 1. Derbe westwoodi, sp.n. (Tab. VIII. figg. 16, 16a.) Vitrea, fortiter brunneo-venosa ; capite angusto, vix ante oculos permagnos producto ; pronoto angusto, antice producto, ad medium carinato ; scutello tricarinato; tegminibus et alis apicibus plus minusve infuscatis, vel (venis exceptis) unicoloribus ; pedibus gracilibus, testaceis. Vitreous, with strong brown veins; the interspaces of these are sometimes partly filled with brown lines on the tegmina, and both the tegmina and wings are often more or less fuscous at the apex; head narrow, excavate, scarcely produced before the large and prominent eyes; tegmina narrow, broadest at about the middle, about twice the length of the wings; legs long and slender, testaceous. Long. 12-15 millim.; lat. ad hum. 3 millim.; exp. tegm. 24-32 millim. Hab. GuateMaa, Cubilguitz in Vera Paz (Champion); Panama, Bugaba (Champion). —COoLOMBIA. This insect appears to be closely allied to D. semistriata and D. strigipennis, Westw., both from Brazil. There are several examples of it from Bugaba in our collection, which differ considerably one from another in size and markings; the single specimen from Cubilguitz is darker, but must, I think, be referred to the same species. There is also an unnamed example from Colombia in the British Museum, which seems to belong here. We figure a specimen from Bugaba. 72 HEMIPTERA-HOMOPTERA. MYSIDIA. Mysidia, Westwood, Trans. Linn. Soc. xix. p. 7 (1842). Derbe, Fabricius, Syst. Rhyng. p. 81 (ad partem). This genus, as far as structure is concerned, is closely allied to Derbe, under which it is included by the older authors; the swollen second joint of the antenne is, however, as a rule, more pointed and less truncate. In general appearance these insects are very different from the members of the last-mentioned genus, having the veins much less marked and being for the most part of a white and more or less opaque colour; the apical areas of the tegmina, moreover, are wider and fewer in number. Several of the species closely resemble certain small white Geometrid moths. Mr. E. A. Austen, of the British Museum, who has taken a considerable number of specimens of a small species of this genus in the Amazons region, informs me that they run very swiftly on the upper surface of leaves, with their wings partially raised. 1. Mysidia albipennis. Mysidia albipennis, Westw. Trans. Linn. Soc. xix. p. 7, t. 1. fig. 3’. Hab. Mexico, Vera Cruz!; Honpuras (Mus. Brit.). I cannot satisfactorily identify this insect with any species in our collection. 2. Mysidia acidalioides, sp.n. (Tab. VIII. figg. 17, 17 a.) Albida, unicolor; capite ante oculos magnos vix producto, excavato ; pronoto perangusto; tegminibus amplis, sat latis, alis quoque amplioribus quam quod in hoc genere usitatum est ; corpore pedibusque testaceis. A rather large white species, unicolorous, except for a minute spot on the costal margin and two others on the interior margin of the tegmina; head scarcely produced beyond the large eyes ; pronotum very narrow ; tegmina and wings broader and ampler than is usual in this genus; venation distinctly but not strongly marked; legs and body testaceous ; legs very slender, with the small apical spines of the tibis more marked than in some of the allied species. Long. 15 millim.; lat. ad hum. 3 millim.; exp. tegm. 28 millim. Hab. Panama, Bugaba, Volcan de Chiriqui (Champion). 3. Mysidia costata. (Tab. VIII. figg. 18, 18a.) . Derbe costata, Fabr. Syst. Rhyng. p. 81°. Derbe squamigera, Fabr. loc. cit. p. 81’. Mysidia costalis, Walk. List of Homopt. Ins. ii. p. 398°. Hab. Guatemata, San Isidro (Champion); Panama, Bugaba (Champion).—AMAzons, Para >. Au example from Bugaba is figured. MYSIDIA. 13 4. Mysidia nebulosa. (Tab. VIII. figg. 19, 19.) Mysidia nebulosa, Walk. List of Homopt. Ins., Suppl. p. 97°. Hab. Guatemaua, Cahabon in Vera Paz, Zapote (Champion); Panama, Bugaba, David, Volcan de Chiriqui (Champion).— Amazons, Santarem 1. The insects belonging to this species differ considerably, some having the tegmina feebiy suffused with fuscous, while in others the colour is much more marked and more or less testaceous. A specimen from Zapote is figured. 5. Mysidia parviceps, sp.n. (Tab. VIII. figg. 20, 20a.) M. nebulose precipue affinis, sed capite minori, tegminibusque haud nebulosis, distinguenda. Very closely allied to M. nebulosa, of which it may be a plain variety, but distinguished by its somewhat less average size, small head, and the absence of nebulose markings on the tegmina; the body is evidently more or less green in life. Long. 10 millim.; lat. ad hum. 2 millim.; exp. tegm. 16-18 millim. Hab. Guatemata, Zapote (Champion). 6. Mysidia maculicosta, sp.n. (Tab. VIII. figg. 21, 21a.) Lacteo-albescens, pellucida; capite perangusto, ante oculos paullo producto ; pronoto angustissimo ; tegminibus longis, costa ad basim irregulariter et sat late fusco maculata; alis macula una fuscé ad medium instructis ; pedibus testaceis. Of a transparent milky-white colour ; head very narrow, distinctly produced before the eyes and plainly longer than the pronotum ; tegmina long and narrow, with an irregular fuscous patch occupying the base of the costa ; the transverse veins are marked by small dark spots, the exterior one being the largest, and the subapical margin is furnished with minute dark spots at the apex of the veins and with a small patch before the middle; there is a dark patch on each wing; these markings are probably variable; legs testaceous, very slender. Long. 12-18 millim.; lat. ad hum. 2 millim.; exp. tegm. 22 millim. Hab. Guavremaua, Pantaleon (Champion) ; Costa Rica, Caché (Rogers). 7. Mysidia elatior, sp.n. (Tab. VIII. fig. 22.) Pracedenti affinis, sed capite latiori subtriangulari facile distinguenda ; pronoto angulariter producto; tegmi- nibus fusco notatis, macula ad medium coste precipue conspicué; pedibus testaceis. Allied to M. maculicosta, but differing from it in having the head broader and plainly produced before the eyes in an isosceles triangle, which is rounded or subtruncate at the apex ; the frons is very narrow, narrower than in the preceding species ; the tegmina are spotted with fuscous, a dark irregular patch at about the middle of the interior margin being most conspicuous; the transverse subapical veins of the wings are dark, but there is no distinct fuscous patch ; legs testaceous. Long. 10 millim.; lat. ad hum. 2 millim.; exp. tegm. 20-21 millim. Hab. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui 2000 to 4000 feet (Champion). Several specimens. BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Rhynch. Homop., October 1900. *I0 74 HEMIPTERA-HOMOPTERA. 8. Mysidia delicatissima, sp.n. (Tab. VIII. figg. 23, 23 a.) Parva, lacteo-albida, nitidula, fere unicolor; capite perbrevi, vix ante oculos producto, fronte perangusta ; tegminibus modice elongatis ; pedibus testaceis. A small, semitransparent, somewhat shining, white species, with some of the veins faintly darker at places, and with a minute spot on the interior margin towards the base; head very short, scarcely produced before the eyes ; tegmina comparatively shorter than in many of the species of the genus, broadest a little beyond the middle ; legs testaceous. . Long. 7-73 millim.; lat. ad hum. 1 millim.; exp. tegm. 14 millim. Hab. Mexico, Teapa in Tabasco (H. H. Smith). 9. Mysidia(?) spreta, sp. n. Flavescens, unicolor, abdomine supra nigro-vittato; capite parvo, excavato, antice truncato, oculis nigris ; antennis perbrevibus ; scutello magno, sat indistincte carinato ; tegminibus concoloribus ; pedibus testaceis. Of a uniform flavescent colour, with the eyes, edges of front, and bands on the upperside of the abdomen dark; head small, truncate in front, antenne very short ; pronotum narrow, considerably dilated at the sides ; scutellum large, with the central carina fairly distinct and with traces of other carine at the sides; tegmina rather small and shining ; legs testaceous. Long. 8 millim.; lat. ad hum. 13 millim.; exp. tegm. 15 millim. Hab. Mexico, Teapa in Tabasco (H. H. Smith). This species has very short and thick antenne, and in this respect may be classed with Mysidia; but the venation of the tegmina appears to be quite different, and I have no doubt that, when more specimens have been discovered, it will have to be placed in a separate genus. OTIOCERUS. Otiocerus, Kirby, Trans. Linn. Soc. xiii. p. 16 (1821) ; Westwood, Trans. Linn. Soc. xix. p. 12. Cobazx, Germar, Mag. Ent. iv. p. 1 (1821). Hynnis, Burmeister, Handb. Ent. ii. 1, p. 154 (1835). The members of this genus are in most cases distinguished by the extraordinary development of the second joint of the antenne, which appears, in fact, to consist of two long and more or less curled joints proceeding from a very short and thick first joint ; in O. degeeri, however, the female has the second joint very short, as short as in Mysidia, but bilobed, and in our collection there is a species (which I have doubtfully referred to the genus) in which the second joint is short and simple. Burmeister described O. degeeri as distinct from Otiocerus under the name of Hynnis rosea, on account of the angle of the fore wings being dilated into an angular projection ; this is evidently, however, not a generic character, and the venation of the wings is the same as that of O. coquebert, in which the dilatation is not evident. 1. Oticcerus montanus, sp.n. (Tab. VIII. figg. 24, 24 a.) Rufescens ; capite prelongo, supra viso albo-marginato, antennis robustis, rufis; pronoto brevissimo ; scutello magno, medio late albido, lateribus rufescentibus ; tegminibus vitreis, venis latis, roseis ; alis albidis ; abdomine ad medium albido-testaceo ; pedibus albidis ; stylis maris longis, tenuibus. OTIOCERUS. 75 Rufescent ; head very long, distinctly longer than the pronotum and scutellum taken together, broad if viewed from the side, very narrow if viewed from above, with the edges broadly white, covered with what appears to be a waxy deposit, which is often present in the genus; antenne stout and large, more or less ferru- ginous ; pronotum very short; scutellum large, broadly white in the centre, rufescent at the sides ; tegmina and wings transparent, somewhat milky and iridescent, the former with distinct red veins, and a small opaque patch bordered with red at the apex of the costal margin ; abdomen above whitish-testaceous in the centre; legs whitish-testaceous, with a pink tinge; styles of the males long and slender. Long. 12 millim.; lat. ad hum. 14 millim.; exp. tegm. 20 millim. Hab. Muxico, Sierra de las Aguas Escondidas in Guerrero, 9500 feet (H. H. Smith); Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui (Champion). It is possible that the three examples from the Volcan de Chiriqui may belong to a different species, but I cannot satisfactorily separate them. A specimen from Guerrero is figured. 2. Otiocerus interruptus, sp. n. Subroseus ; capite longo, a latere viso pellucido; antennis prelongis, testaceis; scutello ad medium dilutiori ; tegminibus subroseis, margine interiori duabus maculis testaceis interrupto; alis lacteis; pedibus abdo- mineque testaceis. Of a dark subroseate colour ; head large, if viewed from the side almost transparent, except the upper portion ; antenne very long and slender; scutellum darker at the sides than at the middle; tegmina dull reddish, with the veins of a brighter red colour; on the interior margin there are two testaceous spots, the one nearer the apex rather large and triangular, the other narrow and small; these are joined by a very narrow dark line at the extreme margin, and there is also a dark line on the costal margin, which is very narrowly bordered with testaceous ; wings milky-white; legs and abdomen testaceous. Long. 11 millim.; lat. ad hum. 13 millim.; exp. tegm. 20 millim. Hab. Guavemata, Cerro Zunil 4000 to 5000 feet (Champion). 3. Otiocerus venustus, sp.n. (Tab. VIII. fig. 25, 25 a.) Preecedenti affinis, sed multo minor; capite sat longiore, tegminibusque limbo costali latius testaceo, maculisque aliis subapicalibus distinguendus. Allied to the preceding, but considerably smaller, with the head longer in proportion and the tegmina with the two patches on the interior margin much the same, but without a trace of a dark line ; the costal margin» however, is rather broadly testaceous, and near the apex there is a bright red marginal spot followed by a large subapical testaceous patch, opposite to which there is a smaller spot on the subapical portion of the interior margin; legs and abdomen testaceous, probably more or less red in life; the markings seem somewhat variable. Long. 9 millim.; lat. ad hum. 1 millim.; exp. tegm. 17-18 millim. Hab. Guatemata, Chiacam in Vera Paz (Champion); Panama, Volean de Chiriqui 2000 to 3000 feet (Champion). . 4, Otiocerus griseus, sp.n. (Tab. VIII. fig. 26.) Griseo-pellucidus ; capite a latere viso pellucido, supra rufo, nigro lineato, margine inferiori anguste nigro ; pronoto cum scutello capite breviori ; tegminibus griseo-albidis, venis crassis albis, interstitiis plus minusve obscure dilutius infuscatis, margine apicali peranguste miniato ; alis opacis, lacteis ; abdomine testaceo ; pedibus albidis. A somewhat large species, of a transparent greyish colour; head large, if viewed from the side transparent, 76 HEMIPTERA-HOMOPTERA. red above, with a distinct black line, lower margin narrowly black ; tegmina with the veins large, white, interstices more or less infuscate, apical margin very narrowly scarlet; wings opaque, milky-white, with a dark line in the centre of the margin ; legs of a clear whitish colour. Long. 14 millim.; lat. ad hum. 13 millim.; exp. tegm. 23 millim. Hab. Mexico, Xucumanatlan in Guerrero 7000 feet (H. H. Smith). 5. Otiocerus gracilior, sp. n. (Tab. VIII. fig. 27.) Preecedenti affinis, sed minor et gracilior; capite a latere viso longiori et minus lato, et tegminibus raro minute nigro-maculatis distinguendus. Allied to the preceding, but considerably smaller; head, viewed from the side, longer and narrower in proportion ; tegmina with a more or less distinct fuscous band proceeding from the shoulders for about one-third of their length, continuing a dark line on the head and scutellum, the disc and apex marked with a few minute but distinct black spots ; legs whitish-testaceous. Long. 10-11 millim.; lat. ad hum. 14 millim.; exp. tegm. 18-19 millim. Hab. GuateMaLa, Panima and San Gerénimo in Vera Paz, Cerro Zunil 4000 to 5000 feet (Champion). The specimen from San Gerdnimo is very imperfect, but appears to belong to the same species. We figure an example from Cerro Zunil. 6. Otiocerus breviceps, sp.n. (Tab. IX. fig. 1.) Parvus, albidus; capite a latere viso brevi, latiori, supra viso perangusto, oculis prominulis ; tegminibus vitreis, venis distinctis ; alis lacteis ; pedibus abdomineque albido-testaceis. A small, obscure species, which may be known by the shape of the head; this is much shorter than in the other species of the genus described above, if viewed from the sides; the antenne are short; the tegmina are transparent white, with distinctly marked veins, which have a slight reddish tinge, and the costal margin is very narrowly scarlet for a short distance before the tip (this is hardly noticeable, and the whole disc is unicolorous) ; legs and abdomen whitish-testaceous. Long. 8 millim.; lat. ad hum. 1-13 millim.; exp. tegm. 15 millim. Hab. Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui (Champion). 7. Otiocerus (?) rubescens, sp. n. (Tab. IX. fig. 2.) Rufo-testaceus ; capite parvo, rufo; scutello convexo, nitido; tegminibus pellucidis, testaceis, venis magnis rufescentibus ; abdomine pedibusque testaceis. Of a rufo-testaceous colour, with the head small, red (probably in life the front-parts are much more rufescent) ; scutellum convex, shining, with four small black spots, two at the sides (not always present) and two at the base; tegmina pellucid, somewhat corneous, testaceous, with distinct and strong reddish veins ; abdomen and legs testaceous. Long. 9-10 millim.; lat. ad hum. 13 millim.; exp. tegm. 17-18 millim. Hab. Mexico, Orizaba (Bilimek, in Mus. Vind. Ces.), Teapa in Tabasco (H. H. Smith). The head and antenne of this species differ from those of the true Otioceri, but in the venation of the tegmina it is closely allied to them. ANOTIA. 77 ANOTIA. Anotia, Kirby, Trans. Linn. Soe. xiii. p. 20, t. 1. figg. 9-11, 15 (1821). This genus is chiefly characterized by the great length of the second joint of the antenne—in some species it is flat on both sides, and in others more or less cylindrical ; these may perhaps be typical characteristics of separate genera, but the various forms are here included under Anotia. The enlarged joint, when subcylindrical, is sometimes constricted at or behind the middle, so that it might at first sight be regarded as formed of two joints, but examination under a high magnifying-power shows that this is not the case. Kirby’s figures of A. bonnetii are misleading, as in the entire insect (15) the second joint looks convex, whereas in the separate structural figures (9, 10) it looks flat. I. Second joint of the antenne broad and flat. 1. Anotia smithi, sp.n. (Tab. IX. figg. 3, 3a.) Albescens; capite parvo, antice a latere viso rotundato, reflexo: antennis articulo secundo maximo, lato, deplanato, utrinque subexcavato, fuscescente, marginibus nigris; pronoto brevissimo; scutello magno, convexo, sat nitido, testaceo, ad latera piceo ; tezminibus vitta irregulari obliqua ante medium et quibusdam aliis maculis fuscis ; alis lacteis; abdomine pedibusque albido-testaceis. Of a whitish colour; head small, rounded in front if viewed from the side, very small and narrow if viewed from above; antenne with the second joint very large and flat, pitchy, with black edges; pronotum very short, scarcely visible; scutellum large, convex, somewhat shining, testaceous, with the margins pitchy ; tegmina milky-white, with an irregular oblique fuscous band before the middle, and with other small dark markings, one small black spot just before the apex being conspicuous ; wings milky-white; abdomen and legs whitish-testaceous. Long. 9 millim.; lat. ad hum. 14 millim.; exp. tegm. 17 millim. Hab. Mexico, Sierra de las Aguas Escondidas in Guerrero 9500 feet (H. H. Smith). 9. Anotia marginicornis, sp.n. (Tab. IX. figg. 4, 4a.) Parva, albida; capite parvo, antennis articulo secundo maximo, depresso, subexcavato, pellucido, fusco-marginato; scutello convexo ; tegminibus vitreis, iridescentibus, unicoloribus, venis albidis ; alis lacteo-vitreis ; pedibus albido-testaceis. A small species, with the tegmina transparent, unicolorous, with white veins, and with traces of white opaque spots at the margins; head small; antenney with the second joint very large, transparent, with dark margins; scutellum convex ; legs whitish-testaceous. Long. 8 millim.; lat. ad hum. 1 millim.; exp. tegm. 15 millim. Hab. Guatemata, San Gerdénimo (Champion). 3. Anotia pellucida, sp. n. Precedenti affinis, sed minor, capite breviori ; antennarum articulo secundo breviori et minus lato, unicolori ; capite, pronoto et scutello albis; tegminibus totis vitreis ; pedibus albido-testaceis. A very small white species, allied to the preceding, but with the head shorter and the second joint of the antenne smaller, unicolorous ; the front parts are all white ; the tegmina are transparent, with the veins finely marked ; legs testaceous. Long. 6-7 millim.; lat. ad hum. 1 millim.; exp. tegm. 12 millim. Hab. Mexico, Orizaba (Bilimek, in Mus. Vind. Cees.). BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Rhynch. Homop., June 1904. 1) 78 HEMIPTERA-HOMOPTERA. 4. Anotia ruficollis, sp. n. (Tab. IX. figg. 5, 5a.) Parva, albescens; capite minimo, antennis articulo secundo maximo, rufo-testaceo; pronoto brevissimo, miniato ; scutello convexo ; tegminibus vitreo-lacteis, iridescentibus, maculis quibusdam indistinctis fuscescentibus, margine costali sub apicem miniato ; alis lacteis; abdomine pedibusque albido-testaceis. A small white species; head very small, with the second joint of the antenne very large, reddish-testaceous (probably red in life) ; pronotum very short, scarlet ; scutellum convex ; tegmina transparent milky-white, iridescent, with obscure fuscous markings, and with the costal subapical margin scarlet; wings milky- white ; abdomen and legs whitish-testaceous. Long. 73 millim.; lat. ad hum. 14 millim.; exp. tegm. 14 millim. Hab. Mexico, Amula in Guerrero 6000 feet (H. H. Smith). The antenne are not so large and flat in this and the preceding and succeeding species as in A. smithi and A. marginicornis. 5. Anotia venustula, sp.n. (Tab. IX. figg. 6, 6 a.) Parva, testacea, plus minusve fuscata; capite parvo, antennis articulo secundo magno, deplanato, piceo ; scutello ad latera piceo ; tegminibus angustis, vitreis, iridescentibus, fusco-maculatis, venis plerumque lete rufescentibus ; pedibus albido-testaceis. A small species, more darkly marked than those above described ; head small, more or less pitchy, with the second joint of the antenne large, fuscous; pronotum very small; scutellum dark at the sides; tegmina vitreous, strongly iridescent, with distinct fuscous markings, especially towards the apex, and with the veins from about one-third the distance from the base clear red, one before the costal margin being most strongly marked for its posterior half; legs whitish-testaceous. Long. 54 millim.; lat. ad hum. 1 millim.; exp. tegm. 10 millim. Hab. Mexico, Teapa in Tabasco (H. H. Smith). This-is one of the smallest, as well as one of the most distinct and pretty, species belonging to the genus. II. Second joint of the antenne more or less cylindrical. 6. Anotia tenella, sp.n. (Tab. IX. fig. 7.) Albido-testacea ; capite parvo, antennarum articulo secundo magno, cylindrico, testaceo ; pronoto brevissimo ; tegminibus lacteo-pellucidis, maculis quibusdam indistinctis obscure fuscis, lineisque duabus vel quatuor minutis ad marginem costalem subapicalem miniatis; alis lacteis; pedibus albido-testaceis. Whitish-testaceous, with the head small, but somewhat larger in proportion than in the succeeding species ; second joint of the antenne large, cylindrical; pronotum very short; tegmina pellucid, with a few indistinct and obscure fuscous markings, and some minute scarlet spots and lines near the costal subapical margin, the surface striated with very closely-set fine lines; wings milky-white; legs whitish- testaceous. Long. 9 millim.; lat. ad hum. 14 millim.; exp. tegm. 17 millim. Hab. Mexico, Omilteme in Guerrero 8000 feet (A. H. Smith). In size and general appearance this species much resembles A. smithi, from which it may at once be known by the shape of the second joint of the antenne, as well as by its coloration. . ' ANOTIA.—PATARA. 79 7. Anotia invalida, sp.n. (Tab. IX. fig. 8) Rufo-testacea; capite minimo, antennarum articulo secundo prelongo, tenuiori, cylindrico; tegminibus pellucidis, maculis quibusdam indistinctis obscure fusco-testaceis, venis testaceis, margine costali subapicali plus minusve miniato ; pedibus albido-testaceis. Light testaceous, with a reddish tinge (probably much more rufescent in life); head very small, second joint of the antenne very long and slender; tegmina pellucid, with obscure fusco-testaceous markings, testaceous veins, and the costal subapical margin more or less lined and spotted with scarlet ; legs whitish- testaceous. Long. 6-7 millim.; lat. ad hum. 1 millim.; exp. tegm. 11-12 millim. Hab. Guatemata, Cerro Zunil (Champion); Panama, Bugaba (Champion). PATARA. Patara, Westwood, Trans. Linn. Soc. xix. p. 138, t. 2. figg. 6 a—6 d (1842). This genus is allied to Anotia, and was separated by Westwood chiefly on the characters presented by the venation of the tegmina, which he describes as “cellulis tribus discoidalibus contiguis subquadratis inter venam postcostalem et medianam.” The first joint of the antenne is long and compressed, and of equal breadth throughout. The Central-American species referred to it differs somewhat apparently from P. guttata and P. albida, Westw., from St. Vincent, but it has the discoidal areas of the tegmina very distinct. 1. Patara marmorata, sp.n. (Tab. IX. figg. 9, 9a.) Parva; capite perangusto, testaceo, oculis magnis, nigris; antennis nigris ; pronoto perbrevi, fusco, ad medium testaceo; scutello piceo, distincte tricarinato; tegminibus vitreis fusco-marmoratis, margine apicali maculis quibusdam minutis miniatis instructo; alis vitreis; corpore piceo; pedibus dilute testaceis. A small species, with a very small testaceous head ; eyes black, very large; antenne stout, black; pronotum very short, fuscous, with a testaceous line at the centre; scutellum piceous, with three distinct carine, the central one complete, those at the sides extending scarcely beyond the middle; tegmina vitreous, with irregular dark markings, and with minute scarlet spots on the extreme margin extending from just behind the middle of the costa round the apex ; wings vitreous ; body piceous; legs clear whitish-testaceous. Long. 6 millim.; lat. ad hum, 1 millim.; exp. tegm. 11 millim. Hab. Guatemata, Cerro Zunil 4000 to 5000 feet (Champion). There is a specimen of a clear amber-coloured species from Chiriqui in our collection which differs very much in venation trom both Mysidia and Otiocerus. I described the insect at first as a doubtful Mysidia, but as one antenna is missing, and, on further examination, I cannot feel sure that the other is entire, it is best to omit it, until additional examples have been found. *¥77 2 80 HEMIPTERA-HOMOPTERA. Fam. CIXIIDA*. The Cixiide are here treated, for convenience, as a separate family, but there is no definite distinction between them and the Dictyopharine, of the family Fulgoride. The presence or absence of a frontal ocellus does not hold good, nor does the further character given for the Cixiide which do not possess a frontal. ocellus, viz. that “if the frontal ocellus is absent, the clypeus is not keeled.” In both groups species occur with a distinct cephalic process, although in this case the venation of the tegmina affords a good character for distinction. The Cixiide, together with the Dictyopharine, the Achilide, Derbide, Isside, and Delphacide, should be regarded as tribes or sub- families of the Fulgoride, under which Stal and others include as subfamilies the Flatide, Acanoniide, and Ricaniide. The following genera of Cixiide are represented in our collection :— I. Vertex produced into a long snout; apex of tegmina not reti- culate; frontal ocellus distinct . . . . . . . . . . . Ruampurxius, gen. nov. II. Vertex not produced into a snout. i, Frontal ocellus present, usually very distinct. 1. Sides of frons produced at sides and auriculate, if viewed from above; tegmina not tectiform or adpressed to the sides. A. Frons and clypeus together forming an isosceles triangle with the vertex at base . . . » . « « « . . Borariocera, Klug. B. Frons narrowed towards base, widest towards apex . . BoTurioceRopEs, gen. nov. 2. Sides of frons not produced or auriculate, except very rarely, in which case the tegmina are upright and adpressed to the sides. * Tegmina more or less evidently (though sometimes very slightly) dilated behind the apex of the clavus; mostly obscure, more or less opaque, dark species, with the tegmina adpressed . . . . . . . Meraprrxra, gen. nov. ** Tegmina not dilated: behind the apex of ‘the clavus, not adpressed to the sides, almost always vitreous and transparent. A. Vertex extremely narrow, reduced to a mere slit between theeyes . . .. . soe ee ew .) .) 6