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i

MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA

BY

The Abbe Lorenzo Berlese

was first published in French in the year 1838. That same
year this fine work was translated into English by Henry
A. S. Dearborn, and published by Joseph Breck & Co. of
Boston.

As both the French and English editions were very
limited, it quickly went out of print, and for many years the
first editions have commanded extremely high prices. I
have, therefore, undertaken the expense of a reprint of the
English edition, which is a faithful copy of the original, in
order to give the ever increasing camellia lovers of today an
opportunity to learn the methods of cultivation and the de-
scription of the 280 varieties of this beautiful flower that
were known to camellia lovers in 1838.

This new edition is now available to the public at a rea-
sonable price.

E. A. McIlhenny,

Avery Island, La.

MONOGRAPHY

OF THE

GENUS CAMELLIA,

OR
AN ESSAY

ON ITS

CULTURE, DESCRIPTION AND CLASSIFICATION,

ILLUSTRATED BV TWO SYNOPTICAL TABLES: THE FIRST CONTAINING THE NAMES OF

TWO HUNDRED AND SEVENTY VARIETIES, WITH THE COLOR AND FORM OF THE

FLOWERS, THE SPECIES OR VARIETY WHICH HAVE PRODUCED THEM, THE

PLACE OF THEIR ORIGIN, AND THE PERIOD OF THEIR INTRODUCTION

INTO EUROPE; AND THE SECOND PRESENTS TWO ASCENDING

GAMUTS, IN WHICH ARE PAINTED THE SHADES OF COLOR

PECULIAR TO THE KNOWN CAMELLIAS, WITH THEIR

SPECIFIC DENOMINATIONS.

THESE COLORED PLATES OMITTED.— E. A. M.

BY THE ABBE LORENZO BERLESE,

MEMBER OF SEVERAL FRENCH AND FOREIGN LEARNED SOCIETIES.

TRANSLATED FROM THE FRENCH BY

HENRY A. S. DEARBORN.

BOSTON :
PUBLISHED BY JOSEPH BRECK & COMPANY.

1838.

Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1838, by JOSEPH BRECK & Co., in the
Clerk's Office of the District Court of Massachusetts.

TUTTLE, DENNETT AND CHISHOLM,

Printers — 17 School Street.

TO

SOULANGE BODIN,

SECRETARY GENERAL OF THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY OF PARIS, MEMBER OF
SEVERAL LEARNED SOCIETIES, AND KNIGHT OF SEVERAL ORDERS.

To yoUy the founder of the most valuable Horticultural establishment in France; to you,
who have collected in your vast Green Houses at Fromont, the Tnost precious froductiotus of
nature; to you, zvho, by your writings, intelligence and exam fie, have so fozverfully aided in
extending the -progress of Horticulture; finally, to you, my instructor and colaborator, Soulange
Bodin, / consecrate this humble essay, on the fnonografhy of the Camellia.

Yes, my friend, I offer to you this work, for I owe it to you; so much have my relations
with you, extended and enhanced the pleasures of my life.

This labor was, unquestionably, above my abilities; but your encouragements induced me to
undertake it; you will then, I hope, kindly receive, and extend to it your generous patronage.

THE ABBE BERLESE,

Second Secretary of the Royal Horticultural Society of Paris, i^c.

83332

CONTENTS.

PAGE

TRANSLATOR'S PREFACE .. .. 3

INTRODUCTION TO TRANSLATION. _ 5

PREFACE OF THE AUTHOR 9

ADVERTISEMENT ..._ 11

CHAPTER FIRST:

Section 1. — The Origin and Botanical Characteristics of the Camellia 13

Sectiok 2. — The Increase of the Varieties of the Camellia by Cultivation, and

the Necessity of a Classification 14

CHAPTER SECOND:

Section 1. — The Cultivation of the Camellia.. 17

Section 2. — Repotting 21

Section 3. — Irrigation, and the kind c:f water most proper for that operation 22

Section 4. — The removal of the Camellia from the green-house into the open air 25

Section 5. — The proper kind of green-house for the Camellia 27

Section 6. — The ventilation and temperature of green-houses 28

Section 7. — ^The insects which are injurious to the Camellia 29

Section 8. — Florescence of the Camellia and manner of forcing it 30

Section 9. — Means of preventing the buds from falling off 31

Section 10. — ^The management of Camellias in private apartments 35

Section 11. — The cultivation of the Camellia in unconfined earth 36

Section 12. — Pruning of the Camellia 37

Section 13. — The multiplication of the Camellia 38

Section 14. — Different methods of grafting the Camellia 39

CONTENTS.

CHAPTER THIRD:

Method of Classification.. _ 43

Addresses of the Principal Nursery-men in Europe

CHAPTER FOURTH:

Description of the Species and Varieties:

First Gamut. Unicolored Camellias. White Flowers 46

First Gamut. Unicolors. Flowers, Clear Rose , _ 51

First Gamut. Unicolors. Clear Cherry-Red 55

First Gamut. Unicolors. Deep Cherry-Red 7.3

Second Gamut. Unicolors. Carnation Colors 82

Second Gamut. Unicolors. Orange-Red more or less deep 83

First Gamut. Bicolors. First Division. Ground white striped or spotted with

rose, as in No. 1 of the first gamut of the colored table 87

First Gamut. Bicolors. Second Division. Ground rose striped or spotted with

cherry-red, as in No. 1 of the colored table 90

First Gamut. Bicolors. Third Division. Ground clear or deep cherry, spotted

wi th whi te 9 1

Second Gamut. Bicolors. First Division. Ground yellowish carnation, striped

with white, Nos. 1 and 2 — 93

Second Gamut. Bicolored Flowers. Ground clear or deep orange-red, striped or

spotted with white - _ 94

EPILOGUE - - 95

SYNOPTICAL TABLE .. 96

INDEX - 105

TRANSLATOR'S PREFACE.

For an opportunity of reading the work of Abbe Berlese on the Ca-
mellia, I am indebted to Miss S, Gibbs of Boston, who has recently returned
from Europe J and considering it the most interesting and valuable treatise,
which has appeared on the characteristics and culture of that magnificent
shrub, it has, at her suggestion, been translated, for publication, in the
monthly numbers of the Horticultural Register, in the full belief, that it
would be very acceptable to that portion of my fellow citizens, who are en-
gaged in the ornamental, as well as the useful departments of horticulture.

The highly respectable lady, who, on this occasion, has evinced such a
commendable disposition, to extend the bounds of intelligence and promote
the happiness and prosperity of those, who participate in the various branches
of rural industry, did not require this additional illustration of her enlight-
ened liberality and patriotic zeal, to foster and encourage a refined and ex-
alted taste, for science, letters ancl the artsj but such renewed demonstrations
of her well known beneficent and enlightened views, in relation to the best
interests of her country, are as cheering, as they are honorable, and merit the
grateful acknowledgments of every American.

Whoever returns from a foreign clime, and brings back a single rare, or
valuable seed, plant, or specimen of the arts, — or increases the national fund
of human knowledge, by the contribution of the smallest volume, is justly
to be considered, as a public benefactor. It was such an interest for the
advancement of their country, that induced the illustrious travellers of all
ages, to introduce from every portion of the globe, whatever they discovered
that was in any manner calculated to accelerate its progress, in the career of
improvement. The histories of Greece and Rome are filled with the names
of eminent men, who thus distinguished themselves} and all that has been
achieved in the march of civilization, since that long and dark period, which
succeeded the fall of the great empires of antiquity, is the result of the bold
and adventurous spirit, and commanding genius, of a comparatively few
individuals, who from age to age, have appeared, as the pioneers of intelli-
gence, important discoveries and useful objects of enterprise.

4 translator's preface.

Alexander directed, that the victors in the public games should be
crowned with the leaves of the peach, in honor of Perseus, who first brought
that fruit from Asiaj Pliny has rendered the Consul, Sextus Papinius for-
ever memorable, by giving him the credit of acclimating the nectarine of
Syria, during the reign of Augustus; while the names of Martius, Manilius
and Appius are perpetuated, as practical cultivators of the soil, by being
given to the celebrated pears and apples, which they introduced from distant
regions J and the delicious figs of Carthage, were made known to the
Romans, from being presented by Cato to the assembled Senators, to remind
them, that they had not only an implacable but near enemy. The most meri-
torious trophies which Lucullus and Prince Potempkin gained, during their
Mithridatic and Turkish campaigns, were the supurb varieties of the cherry,
which they brought from the shores of the Euxine; and the agricultural
work of Mago was deemed the most precious of the spoils, which Scipio
transported from the coast of Africa, on the triumphant conclusion of the last
panic war.

The author, of the Monography of the Camellia, pursued the only
course, by which any branch of the sceinces or arts can be brought to the
highest state of perfection, or proficiency attained in any moral or physical
pursuit. He made the Camellia, a special object of investigation and experi-
ment, for a great number of years, and thereby became so thoroughly ac-
quainted with the character and habits of that plant, as to be eminently quali-
fied to give the necessary information for its successful culture; as well as
furnishing a methodical mode of classing and naming the rapidly increasing
varieties, from their form, color, and manner of growth.

The work appeared under the sanction of Chevalier Soulange Bodin,
who, from the high reputation he has justly acquired, in consequence of
the vast extent of theoretical and practical knowledge he has evinced, in all
the departments of horticulture; and the exalted positions he has long sus-
tained, as proprietor of the celebrated garden of experiment at Fromont, and
Secretary of the Royal Horticultural Society of Paris, is a conclusive testi-
monial, of the respectful consideration, in which the labors of the Abbe
Berlese should be held.

Although it is but a few years, since the Camellia has been generally
known and cultivated, in the United States, we can present several very
splendid collections; and that of Colonel Wilder, in Dorchester, is surpassed
by but few in Europe, both as to the variety and number, as he has over 1000
plants, which include 300 species and varieties.

Hawthorn Cottage, ^

Roxhury, April 26, 1838.;'

INTRODUCTION TO THE TRANSLATION.

The elegance of form, the perfect symmetrical arrangement of the
petals, the immaculate purity of the white, the depth and brilliancy of the
colors of the red and variegated flowers, the beautiful contrast between these
and the dark glossy evergreen foliage, and the neatness and cleanliness of
growth of the Camellia, must always ensure to this plant a high station in
the estimation not of the devotee of horticulture alone, but also of every
common observer, who would pass thousands of other floral forms un-
noticed and unpraised.

The first sight of the double white or of the fimbriated camellia is sure
to attract universal admiration, nor is this admiration merely momentary
or soon forgotten, the pleasure is always renewed and increased on more
intimate acquaintance.

No wonder then that these plants are eagerly sought after to decorate
the greenhouse or the parlour, no wonder that the methods of cultivating
them in perfection should be considered desirable, or that they should be-
come an object of such extensive commerce as is the case in Europe, where
stocks of 3000 to 6000 plants, in value from 5000 to 20,000 dollars are com-
mon amongst individual nurserymen in almost every country.

In introducing the monography of the Abbe Berlese to the reader it is
almost unnecessary to premise that it contains not merely the latest, but the
only authentic information on the numerous beautiful hybrids, as well as
on the new varieties from Japan and China, recently ushered into notice by
the patient and liberal efforts of scienitfic and zealous horticulturists. It is
in fact the commencement of a descriptive catalogue of all the varieties that
have attracted the attention of amateurs, and which may be easily continued
as new ones are produced j a very desirable addition however would be the
names of the two plants by admixture of which the diff^erent hybrids were
produced; this and all other minute information which could be obtained
would much increase its value. The foundation and frame work is here, and
this can be amplified to suit the taste of the amateur.

The Camellia was certainly cultivated in Europe as early as the year

6 INTRODUCTION TO THE TRANSLATION.

1730, but the then difficulty of its propagation and the total ignorance of its
seed, together with the extremely restricted trade to China which existed
at that period, rendered the wide dissemination of it almost impossible.

For the next 60 or 70 years it remained a scarce plant and was so little
known that its usual appellation was simply Japonica; the first appearance
of its seed in the nurseries was considered a great rarity and after many
experiments a few new and good varieties were raised.

But it was reserved for the modern scientific study of the physiology of
plants, which teaches that each bud is certainly a separate plant equivalent
under proper treatment to a seed, although differing from it in some points,
and for the recent refinements in horticulture by which new varieties are
raised, and the rapid increase of plants carried to an almost unlimited extent,
to spread amongst the multitude the delight and gratification of beholding
and cultivating these perfections of the floral kingdom.

It may well be doubted whether the pursuit and dissemination of any
other branch of the arts or sciences has added so much to the general mass
of healthful and innocent pleasure enjoyed by the inhabitants of this beauti-
ful earth, or has presented employments for the active mind more alluring
from the paths of vice and degradation, than the pursuit and dissemination
of Horticulture and Botany.

It is very probable that a more intimate acquaintance with the simply
practical experience on Horticultural manipulation which must exist amongst
the Chinese may yet add something to our present extensive knowledge on
this subject. For even at this day new and charming varieties of the camellia
of combinations hitherto unknown to us arrive from that country. Their
chrysanthemums are exceedingly beautiful and it is scarcely within five
years that any hybrids at all to be compared to them have been produced
in Europe. In their Pseonies and tree pseonies they are as yet unrivalled,
and if report speaks true many other and more beautiful varieties exist in the
interior of the country. Several Altheas {Hibiscus Syriacus) recently im-
ported from thence, throw all hitherto known into the shade.

It will be delightful when the spread of the knowledge and consequently
of the interest in horticulture shall reach the heads of the extensive com-
mercial establishments in this country j as their ships traverse every sea and
their captains would unquestionably exert themselves to procure the rare
and beautiful productions of every soil they visit, to add to the pleasure of
their owners, and increase the stock of knowledge in their native country.
Patience; this time is approaching.

Those who wish to have healthy and luxuriant camellias to ornament
the interior of their dwellings should have the following impressions distinct
on their minds —

INTRODUCTION TO THE TRANSLATION. /

That during the summer the camellia requires complete shade from the
sun, and as much air as can be conveniently given.

That the fine dust raised by sweeping rooms will soon fill and choke
the Stomates or delicate pores on the skin of the leaf, by the unrestrained
action of which pores alone the juices of the plant are rendered capable of
producing flowers and shoots, it is therefore indispensable that the leaves
should always be kept bright and clean, this as much as possible by the
action of the rain in summer, and during the winter by the means so well
described in this work.

That great and sudden variations of temperature will cause the most
promising buds to fall off without disclosing their beauty; this often occurs
here where the rooms are heated to a high degree in the depth of winter
during the day, and at night the temperature falls nearly to freezing point.

That the earth in which the camellia is planted being constantly watered,
the plant must in the course of one season have absorbed all the wholesome
nourishment which that earth contained, consequently fresh must be sup-
plied and where the size of the plant requires, a larger pot be substituted.

Good peat earth may with care be procured here, but in default of this
every thicket abounds with rich decayed leaf mould the accumulation of
years, that of decayed oak leaves is probably the strongest, and may be
mixed according to the directions given in the work.

The experienced cultivator who is curious in his composts will hardly
require this information, but even to him a little acquisition on vegetable
physiology may not be valueless.

In reflecting on the subject of fecundation by the pollens it seems in
accordance with the laws of vegetable structure that the first deviation from
the regular or normal form of a flower or of any of its parts, should be the
precursor of farther deviation.

Thus in the camellia it is evident that the double flowers are produced
by the filamentous portion of the stamen becoming expanded and approach-
ing in form to a petal, the nearer this approach to a petal the less is the
resemblance to a stamen, until finally the anther with its pollen disappears,
and the filament becomes altogether a petal, although in most cases not
so perfect in form or growth as the outer row of original and natural ones,
even this approach to perfection is gradual, receding as the conversion nears
the axis. Hence pollen taken from the stamens with flattened or petaloid
filaments, where the conversion has already commenced, will be most likely
to produce double flowers.

The maturity of the pollen should also be a subject of attention, in
default of experience it may be tested by placing a small portion in a drop
of water on the stand of a microscope, if the pollen is fit the grains will

8 INTRODUCTION TO THE TRANSLATION.

burst almost immediately on immersion and project their granules, this be-
ing their process when they adhere to the pistil j should this action not be
observed the pollen is either inmature or has already become useless; it
ripens however very soon after the valves of the anther open. The offspring
of the red and white being generally variegated is too evident to require
remark, as also that the largest and brightest coloured flowers whose forms
are finely developed should be chosen for this purpose.

There are besides many other minutiae, and delicate operations in regard
to color, form and manipulation which will readily suggest themselves to
those who delight in these experiments, but which at present would not be
of sufficient interest to detail.

The study of the foliage, so as to distinguish each variety when out of
flower, is of more consequence than may appear at the first glance, and is
of much value to aid the judgment in the purchase of plants during that
period.

The beautiful order of Ternstrsemiacese to which the Camellia belong
has two representatives indigenous in the Southern States, the Stuartia Vir-
ginica, a native of the swamps in the lower counties of Virginia and South
Carolina, and the Gordonia lasianthus or loblolly bay which lines the sea
coast from Virginia to Florida. Both these plants produce handsome flowers,
and although they will not bear comparison with the camellia in its culti-
vated state, yet do not fall very far short when contrasted with the single
white as it may be imagined in its native wilds, and are extremely interesting,
as the resemblance and affinity between them and the camellia is at once
striking. They are to be found in some greenhouses in this vicinity, but are
rare, and like many other beautiful flowers from the same latitudes are wait-
ing patiently until the diffusion and love of horticulture shall introduce them
to the admiration of the inhabitants of the north. J. E. T.

Boston y Nov. 1838.

PREFACE OF THE AUTHOR.

Being passionately fond of Botany, I have passed the most delightful
moments of my life, in the study of flowers; but was very much embarrassed
in making a selection of the kind, to which I should devote my special atten-
tion, from the immense series of the vegetable families, which presented
their respective beauties to my admiration. At length, after great hesita-
tion, I finally gave the preference to the genus of the Camellia; and in fact,
what species of plant is there, which better merits the enlightened and vigi-
lant care of the horticulturist? The elegance of its form, the beautiful
verdure of its leaves, and the pure and brilliant color of its large and elegant
flowers, sufliciently justify the choice I have made; especially, when not
only a vast number of distinguished amateurs have imitated me in this
adoption, but there is not a garden, in which this lovely plant has not found
a place, and where it sparkles in the first rank of the vegetable population.
Every civilized nation immediately adopted the Japanese adventurer, with
emulous admiration, and now the Camellia- has become a cosmopolite.

But, in consequence of the eagerness which every one has evinced to
welcome this beautiful stranger into their conservatories, where it produced
numerous varieties, rivalling each other in elegance and splendor, there has
resulted a great confusion, which has consequently occasioned much diffi-
culty in appreciating the obtained varieties, and rendered it very desirable
to the cultivators, that a convenient mode of classification should be estab-
lished, to guide them in this new Dsedalus. And, how could it be otherwise,
when the many different modes of multiplication are considered, which have
been discovered by the science of horticulture, — a science, which has been
carried to such a high degree of perfection in our day; and also, the facility
with which this plant produces seeds, especially in the southern portions
of Europe.

Thus, every where, the number of varieties have increased and conse-
quently a confusion in the specific names; so that now the series present a
perfect synonymical chaos, which is often left to the decision of the ignorant
to reform, and we might say, even sometimes, to the malevolent.

10 PREFACE OF THE AUTHOR.

To remedy, as far as possible the evils which have been designated, as
well as to benefit all those, who admire and cultivate this lovely plant,
which is the object of my constant predilection j and to guide them in their
purchases and exchanges, and at the same time prevent them from being
deceived, by intentional or involuntary errors, I have undertaken a labor
which, it is not improbable, may be deemed above my powers j but I throw
myself, with confidence, upon the liberality of all the true friends of horti-
culture j who will perceive, that in this attempt, to establish a nomenclator,
feeble as it is, I have been constantly animated, by a desire to be useful.

My time having been devoted, for twenty years, to the special cultiva-
tion of the Camellia, I have obtained, at great expense and labor, probably,
the most numerous collection on this continent, although I have carefully
excluded all inferior and doubtful varieties.

Having daily studied, with minute vigilance, the progress of nature, in
this superb genus, I have made numerous interesting notes on its growth,
florescence, fructification and culture j and having arranged them with the
greatest possible care, they form the basis of this work, which is now confi-
dently submitted to the amateurs of Flora j and if I shall be so fortunate, as
to obtain their suffrages, my ambition will have been entirely gratified.

ADVERTISEMENT.

This work is divided into three distinct parts: the first contains a full
account of the method of cultivating and multiplying the Camellia j the sec-
ond, a description of the most elegant varieties, amounting to about two hun-
dred and eighty, — each of which is annexed to a number that has reference
to a corresponding one in the two synoptical tables.

For the purpose of being easily understood by all persons, who cultivate
and admire the Camellia, a simple and uniform mode has been adopted,
in the descriptions, based on the most striking characteristics of the plant, —
as the size of the leaves, and the form and color of the buds and flowers.
All the irregularities or resemblances, which the varieties present, as well as
the synonymes are carefully designated, whenever it has been possible to do
so, with certainty.

The buds have been divided, as follows, in conformity to the color of the
colycinal scales — which also characterise the more or less facile development
of the flowers.

1 . Buds with green colycinal scales. Florescence easy.

2. Buds with yellowish colycinal scales. Florescence less easy.

3. Buds with dark coPd colycinal scales. Florescence uncertain or difii-
cult.

The flowers have been divided into simple, semi-double, double, and
full.

To prevent any doubt in the mind of the cultivator, — who may often
be deceived, with respect to the preceding denominations, the definitions, are
here given. By a simple flower is understood, such as have but one rank
of Petals J although in some varieties the sexual organs occasionally change
to the petalous state. Example, Camellia, dicanthifloray insignis, &c. These
latter are flowers, which certain gardeners erroneously call double.

Semi-double are those which have but two rows of petals, with occasion-
ally petalous stamens.

Double flowers are those which have several ranks of petals intermixed,
with fertile and apparent petalous stamens, in the centre.

Full flowers have the rows of petals so multiplied, that they have the
form of the hundred leaf rose.

The asterisk denotes the distinct species which have been recognized,
as such, by botanists} and they are eight in number.

MONOGRAPHY

GENUS CAMELLIA.

CHAPTER FIRST.

Section 1 . — The Origin and Botanical Characteristics of the Camellia.

The name of Camellia, first given, by Forskal, to Ruellia grandi flora,
was immediately applied by Linnaeus, to the beautiful shrub, which is. the
subject of this work.

Linnseus conferred upon it this name, as a testimony of gratitude to
father Camelli, a Jesuit, who, in 1739, imported it from Japan, into Europe.

The following are the botanical characteristics of this plant.

Perianth double: calyx, formed by the union of imbricated, squamose,
rounded, concave, coriaceous and caducous bractesj corolla, of from five to
seven petals, — rarely nine, equal in number to the bractes, which they ex-
ceed much in size, alternating with them, and often united at the base by
their claws j stamens numerous, hypogynous, disposed in the form of a
crown, filaments filiform, polyadelphian, and sometimes monadelphian, at
the base surrounded by ellipsoidal movable anthers j ovary one, ovalj styles
three to six, more or less connected} capsule trilocular, opening by three
valves, trispermus} valve partitioned, debiscent, one triquetrous axis; seeds
rare, fleshy, plump, attached to the interior coat of the petitions.

The Camellias are shrubs or trees, indigenous to China, Japan, Cochin
China, and the Indies; they are glabrous, evergreen, and eminently remark-
able for the beauty of their flowers.

This plant, heretofore placed near the orange, by M. De Jussieu, is now
the type of a new family, formed by M. Candolle, the elder, under the name
of Camellias, which is composed of the genera camellia and thea; and
which that learned naturalist places between the ternstrsemia and olacinia, —

D. H. HILL LIBRARY

North Carolina State College

14 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA.

adding, doubtfully, that if the new intermediate genera can be posterially
united, the two first orders may form but one, for the reason that the
Camellia only differs from the ternstrasmia by the seed.

In its native country, the Camellia rises to the height of from forty to
fifty feet J but in Europe, it rarely exceeds from twenty to twentyfive, and
forms a shrub of the most superb appearance, whose persisting foliage, of a
glossy green, and splendid flowers, place it, without contradiction, in the
first rank, among the plants of our green-houses.

Its branches are numerous, alternate, diverging, reddish when young,
but ash-colored and striated in their adult agej the leaves uniformly alter-
nate, large, smooth, generally more or less convex, thick, coriaceous, of a
beautiful deep and brilliant green, margins acutely, but not deeply dentatedj
the flowers, often from two to three inches in diameter, of a bright cherry-
red, terminal, on rising from the axils of the leaves of the superior branches;
they appear, in this climate, to gladden our sight, in November and March,
when the frosts have desolated our gardens; this peculiarity, independently
of the extreme beauty, so remarkable in this plant, has been sufficient to
claim for it our preference; it may also be added, that if nature had not
refused an agreeable aroma, it would be the sovereign of plants, to which no
other could be compared, without disparagement.

It has not been considered proper to describe, as a botanist, the trans-
formations which cultivation has produced, in the normal type, (Camellm
Ja-ponicaj) by the attempts to obtain so many and such elegant varieties.
There is no one who has paid any attention to horticulture, that is such an
entire stranger to the science of botany, as not to be acquainted with those
metamorphoses of the stamens and pistils, which constitute the semi-double,
double, and full flowers, that are daily produced, in our gardens, among the
families of the roses, dahlias and other choice plants.

Section 2. — The Increase of the Varieties of the Camellia by CulttvatioVy
and the Necesisty of a Classification.

The Camellia Japonica, as has been stated, was introduced into Europe
in 1739, and first ornamented the gardens of England; soon after it passed
into Italy, then into France, and at a much later period into Germany. This
was the only species known in Europe for fortyseven years; it subsequently

MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 15

fructified in several countries, and furnished varieties which were long
esteemed.

But in 1792, the beautiful varieties of the White^ the Variegated, and
Double Red appeared at the same time, when, of course, the admiration for
the type, immediately diminished.

Since these three first varieties, Japan and China have furnished us with
others, equally remarkable, such as the Incarnata in 1806, the Myrtifoli in
1808, the Warrata in 1809, and finally the P^onice flora, and the Pom-
fonia in 1810.

As several of these varieties, and especially, the thre last have fructified
in our own gardens, there have been obtained from their legitimate and
adulterous unions, varieties and hybrids of the most interesting character.
Time, culture and accident have, in their turn, induced these new products
to give birth to others, which, without contradiction, equal in merit those
which have been received directly from their native countries. This easy
mode of reproduction, — by fructification, — having become general, and as
the results are continually augmenting, enlightened cultivators are united in
their fears, that in the future, the numerous varieties which are daily exposed
in the flower market, will soon produce great confusion, and there will be
invincible difiiculties to direct their course in this floral labyrinth, if a clue
is not found to guide them, by establishing an order of classification, which
shall quadrate with the demands of horticulture, and the trade in these
universally admired shrubs. This fear, in which we equally participate, has
encouraged us, to publish our ideas on the subject, and to propose a method
which every one can comprehend, and accomplish, so far as our feeble abili-
ties will permit, the object which we have proposed, — that of being useful to
horticulture.

For this purpose, we have adopted the most simple and natural mode, —
that of dividing the Camellias into two classes, from their general color j viz.
Camellia unicolores, and Camellia bicolores. The first class comprehends
the simple colors which are more or less pure and deep ; the second contains
the mixed colors, more or less determinate and striking. The results of these
views is contained in the annexed tables, where are explained, in an abridged
manner, all these differences, besides the form, species, or variety of the
Camellia, its origin, and introduction into Europe.

16 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA.

The more extensive details are contained in the monography attached to
this work; but to understand these tables, it is essential that they should here
be preceded, by some information, as to the means we have employed for
establishing the names of the different shades of color, which are generally
exhibited in the flower of the Camellia.

Our first effort has been directed, to ascertain, what were the relations,
which existed between the different shades of the artificial red color, with
which different kinds of silk and woollen manufactures are dyed, and be-
tween the natural shades of the same red, which the flowers of the Camellia
present, in order to apply the same denominations to the latter, which the
artists have given to the former j but, notwithstanding our assiduous re-
searches, to discover whether there was any resemblance between these two
kinds of colors, we at last thought, that we should have recourse to the
painter, who, alone, can seize and imitate the various tones of color, which
are so richly displayed by nature; and this thought became a resolution;
which was immediately carried into effect. A very able painter, surrounded
by the natural samples, which our collection of Camellias abundantly fur-
nished, was employed, as various times, to imitate these colors on paper, and
to establish, in precise terms, the specific names of the coloring materials,
which he employed, to compose each specimen, in the painted representa-
tions.

This labor having been accomplished, we considered it necessary that
the result should be submitted to the examination of Mr. Chevreul, one of
the most distinguished men in France, — the director of the royal establish-
ment of tapestry at Gobelins, and professor of chemistry in the Museum of
Natural History. Mr. Chevreul explained, in his peculiarly lucid and kind
manner, all the ramifications of his system of colors, which has been ably
developed in a scientific work, that the author will soon publish.

The examination of the system of Mr. Chevreul, has been of infinite
service to us, in simplifying our labor, and has induced us to divide our colors
into two series, called gamuts, containing all the tones and shades, which dis-
tinguish the varieties of the Camellia.

We shall develop this attempt for the classification of the varieties of the
Camellia, by their colors, after having described the modes of culture and
multiplication.

MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 17

CHAPTER SECOND.

Section 1 . — The Cultivation of the Camellia.

The Camellia of Japan is, incontestably, one of the most beautiful con-
quests, which horticulture has achieved, during the last century. The mag-
nificent form and appearance of this shrub, the rare elegance of its foliage,
the beauty and size of the flowers, the season in which they appear j their
variety, their abundance and their duration, are qualities which no other
vegetable possesses, in such an eminent degree, and which assign it a dis-
tinguished rank, among the most admired plants that are selected, for aug-
menting our pleasure and gratifying our taste in floriculture. But all these
advantages are yet, very far, from being generally appreciated, notwith-
standing this plant is every where received, by admirers without number j
still it is much to be regretted, by enlightened horticulturists, that it is not
more extended, more zeal evinced for its acquisition, and above all, better
cultivated.

We daily hear, even well informed persons, observe, that the Camellia
is a very difficult plant to manage, and that it is too dear j or that it requires
green-houses, especially appropriated to it, and that it is very expensive to
preserve themj while others abandon them because they have not a suffi-
cient extent of ground for their accommodation, or a gardener sufficiently
well educated to superintend their cultivation j and finally, many of those,
who undertake their culture, soon give it up, because they do not succeed in
making them bloom freely, and in the most perfect manner.

Devoted, for twenty years to the special culture of the Camellia, we are
emboldened by the experience acquired, during that long lapse of time, to
attempt the removal of all these enumerated difficulties, by describing, as far
as our feeble abilities will permit, the manner in which this plant can be
easily cultivated, preserved, multiplied, and made to bloom annually.

Although the Camellia is a shrub of a rustic nature, and does not require
an elevated temperature, nor an extraordinary rich soil for its vegetation j
although it can accommodate itself to all expositions; still it is better to be
sheltered J and notwithstanding it can endure considerable cold, without
perishing, yet, to enable it to acquire a vigorous vegetation, and blossom

18 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA.

abundantly every year, as well as to subject it, with success, to the various
modes of multiplication, there are the following principal conditions, which
are essential j in the first place, the soil in which it is to be cultivated, and
which is, generally loam, vegetable mould or peatj but there is some diffi-
culty in the choice of the composts and the mode of admixture j and for the
benefit of the horticulturist, we shall extend our remarks on this subject,
which is so very important to the successful results of their labors. By a
good soil, we mean that mould or peat soil, which contains the largest por-
tion of decayed vegetable and animal matter. It should be light, sandy,
does not soil the fingers, and is of a chestnut brown, or deep fawn color.
Such, in particular, are those of Sanois and Meudon, in the environs of Paris,
as will be perceived by the following analysis.

Peat soil of Meudon.

Siliceous sand, . . . . . . . 62 00

Vegetable matter, 20 00

Earth, 16 00

Carbonate of lime, 0 80

Soluble matter, 1 20

100 00

Peat soil of Sanois.

Silex,

. 43 80

Lime, carbonate,

7 10

Salts, diliquescent,

1 10

Earth,

31 70

Iron, magnetic,

. 0 13

Matter not yet decomposed.

13 25

Loss of apparent foreign substances.

. 2 92

100 00

MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 19

The portions not decomposed or deliquescent salts, have yielded by an
exact analysis,

Silex, 2 00

Carbonate of Lime, . . . . . 15 00

Sulphate of lime, 10 00

Muriate of lime and magnesia, . . . 8 00

Animal matter, . . . . . . . 12 00

Loss and water, . . . . . . 53 00

100 00

The mould or peat soil of Palaiseau, Beauregard, Longjumeau, Vin-
cennes, &c., is rejected, as too light, and as containing less earth than the
others. The two preceding are preferred, and especially that of Chapellen-
Serval, which being richer in earth, they preserve for a longer time their
fertilizing qualities, and are less subject to loss by rains and irrigations. The
most objectionable is that of Fontainebleau, which is taken from low and
marshy places, and whose color is of a dull and faded black, which indicates
sufficiently the presence of turf, and renders this soil so compact and hard,
that it is difficult for the roots of delicate plants to penetrate it. There is a
still greater inconvenience, arising from its turfy nature, for when dry it
becomes so hard that it is impermeable to water.

When a selection has been made, of one of the varieties of peat, which
have been named, as the most suitable to the nature of the beautiful plant,
which engages our attention, it should be cut into little pieces, about three
inches square, and exposed to a free circulation of air, in a shaded position.
The preference given to this substance arises, from its being light, substan-
tial, and the length of time it retains its nourishing qualities. It is easily
permeable to water, when it has not been dried too much, absorbs and retains
a sufficient quantity of aqueous particles, admits of a free ramification of the
roots, readily absorbs the atmospheric gases, and finally, remains for a long
time endowed with the principle of fermentation, according to the quantity
of subterranean gas disengaged, and the dissolution of the carbonic acid,
so essential to vegetation.

20 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA.

We shall not speak of the peats of Gand, Turens, Anvers and Bruxelles,
which are of a fawn color; they are the best of all those with which we are
acquainted.

When natural peat soil cannot be procured, a substitute to a certain ex-
tent, can be factitiously formed, which answers very well, and to which we
give the name of compost, in conformity to the practice in England, where
various kinds are so ably prepared.

Take natural rich and substantial loam, from pastures, or grass fields,
with the turf, light mellow virgin soil from the forest, with all the roots and
herbaceous plants with which it is covered, and rotten leaves; mix these well
together in equal parts, and form a conical heap so that the rain water may
easily run off; this pile of compost is left in the open air, often dug over and
repiled up, so as to be operated upon by the atmospheric gases which sur-
round it, and a kind of fermentation, until it becomes a homogeneous mass,
which requires nearly a year, when it is fit for use, and affords an excellent
equivalent for natural peat soil.

In England, where proper peat soil is rare, some of the ablest cultivators,
such as the Loddiges, Swet, and Young, rear Camellias in a mellow natural
loam, filled with vegetable substances, in a state of decomposition, mixed
with a certain quantity of turf and fine sand; others, as Bayswater, employ
a mixture of turf, naturally sandy soil, and a certain quantity of very old
barn manure, reduced to an earthy state; and there are some, as is the case
with Mr. Henderson, a Scotch cultivator, who is very celebrated for his
splendid collection of Camellias, who make use of a compost formed of light
loam, fine river sand, and thoroughly decomposed leaves.

In Italy they use soil taken from the forests, mixed with decomposed
leaves.

In those parts of Germany where peat soil can not be procured, it is
replaced by a compost, formed of one third turf and two thirds of virgin
earth, that is a little sandy, but well filled with decayed vegetable matter.

But whatever soil or compost is used, for the Camellia, it is necessary
that it should be well pulverized and cleared of all stones, shells and pieces
of wood; but if it is natural peat soil, take care not to imitate those unskilful
and ignorant gardeners, who pass it carefully through a seive, by which
inappropriate operation, it is deprived of a quantity of small roots, and

MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 21

Other vegetable substances, which by gradually decaying, furnish, for a long
time, successively prepared new aliment for the plants.

Before using peat soil, for repotting, it is best to break up the large
lumps with a mallet, or what is still better a little flail, for the purpose of
separating and removing the strong roots and stones j it is then passed
through a coarse hurdle, or the little lumps may be pulverized, by rubbing
them with the fingers. The soil thus prepared, is immediately used. Only
the earth or compost which is to be employed, for seeds, cuttings and layers
should be passed through a seive.

Section 2. — Refotting.

The spring is the most favorable season for repotting the Camellia.
This operation should be performed immediately after florescence, and be-
fore the sap begins to be in activity, which is generally, towards the end of
March. It may be done, however, in the autumn, or even between the two
periods of the flow of sap, which is in June or July. This process is per-
formed by removing the shrubs into pots about an inch deeper, and broader,
than those in which they have been growing. The time for doing it, is when
the ball of earth, which surrounds the roots, is a little dry. As much of the
old earth should be removed, as possible, by the fingers. All the dead and
wounded roots should be carefully extirpated. As it is very essentail, to
the future health of the plant, that the water which is used in irrigation,
should rapidly flow off, it is necessary that the bottom should be filled with
little pieces of broken pots, or what is better a quantity of coarse sand or
gravel, which prevents the water from remaining too long. We have been
in the habit of scattering, very lightly, quick lime, over the pile of peat soil,
or compost, which we use for repotting, as long experience has proved to us,
that this mineral body, prudently employed, gives a remarkable activity to
the vegetable qualities of the soil, with which it is incorporated.

We do not insist on the dimensions of the pots, which should be used for
the Camellia, as that is an affair of taste and experience; but we should deny
as an unwarrantable assertion which is often repeated, that small pots are
best. Some horticulturists pretend, that to make this plant flourish well, the
roots should be restrained by a small pot; but the persons who practise this
method, have fallen into an error, which it is easy to refute, from the greater

22 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA.

number and success of those, who cultivate the Camellia in large pots, boxes,
and even the unconfined earth. There are two reasons which induce our
nursery men to raise the Camellia in small pots: first because they occupy
less space in the green-house, do not require so much compost to repot them,
and they are more easily handled j and secondly, being often obliged to con-
fide the watering of the plants, to inexperienced and careless persons, they
pour on the water without discretion, which occasions great losses, as the
large pots retain the humidity, much longer than the small, which has the
same efiFect upon the plants, as too great a quantity of aliment upon the
human body, and produces a true indigestion, which immediately kills the
Camellia, after having produced disease in the roots, from being long im-
mersed in that humidity, which they are no longer capable of absorbing.
But, as with a little skill, all these inconveniences can be obviated, there
cannot be a doubt, that the Camellia, will succeed better in large pots, where
the roots can easily extend themselves, than in those of small size, in which
they are confined and compelled to be folded over, and entangled with each
other.

As soon as the Camellia has been repotted, it should be abundantly
watered and returned to the green-house, whenever this operation takes
place immediately after the period of florescence j and the temperature
should be from 50 to 60 degrees during the day, and from 50 to 54 during
the night J but at other times it will be sufficient to place it in the shade for a
few days, after it has been watered. The increased warmth of the green-
house, at this period, causes the plants to throw out long and slender roots,
and as the heat of the sun increases daily in its intensity, it is indispensable,
that the green-house should be covered, with linen or cotton cloths, or thin
mats, during the time the rays of the sun fall upon the glass j for without
this precaution, the young shoots and leaves would be scorched and spotted.

Section 3. — Irrigation ^ and the kind of water most p-oper for
that operation.

It is a principle in horticulture, that exotic plants, with persistent leaves,
and which, in our green-houses are in almost a constant and more or less
active state of vegetation, according to the temperature of the air, require,
even in winter, a certain degree of humidity, sufficient to aff^ord aliment to

MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 23

the leaves and roots. This is not the case with exotic plants, which have
caducous leaves J these plants during the time they are in repose, scarcely
require any water. The Camellia being a plant with persistent leaves, likes
almost a constant humidity, and especially in summer. Frequent waterings,
during the hot season, powerfully contribute, to reanimate and sustain its
beautiful appearance. But the second effort of vegetation having termi-
nated, when the new wood is almost matured, which is generally the case by
the middle of August, and the buds are formed then, until the period of the
next florescence, the distribution of water becomes difficult and requires great
attention j for the health of the plant chiefly depends upon the care with
which this is done. Too little, or not enough humidity, has the like injurious
effects. The roots either become dry or rot, the whole plant languishes, the
leaves, buds and flowers fall off, and finally it dies. The first consideration
then, is the knowledge of adopting the proper mean between humidity and
dryness, especially during the period that the Camellia remains in the
green-house.

But what then, is this proper mean which is most congenial to the Ca-
mellia? What is the quantity of water which it requires? At what hour of
the day should it be given? What kind of water is best? All these questions
are of great importance, but easily resolved. We have said that, generally,
the Camellia likes almost a constant humidity j but still there should not
be given, a great quantity of water at a timej it is only essential to repeat
the watering often, in order to keep the earth always in that state of humid-
ity, which is sufficient to maintain the fermentation, but by no means so great,
as to prevent itj which would inevitably be the case, if the water is too
copiously supplied. As to the hours of the day, which are the most favorable
for watering the Camellia, we can only say, they must depend on the seasons,
and especially on the temperature of the external air. In the winter,
whether the pale and feeble rays of the sun appear to gladden the sad and
dreary aspect of nature, or that she is long deprived of them, as is most com-
mon, it is necessary during those short and cold days, to water this plant,
between nine and ten o'clock in the morning, in order that the earth may
have time to regain its heat, by permitting the evaporation of a portion of
its humidity. If the Camellia is watered in the evening, the coolness of the
night joined to that of the water, arrests the progress of the sap, and there

24 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA.

being no evaporation, the fall of the buds is the inevitable consequence of
such an untimely operation. In the summer, on the contrary, when the
Camellia is in the open air, it should be watered in the evening, because the
water contributes to maintain the coolness of the earth during the night, and
the plant bathed in this congenial humidity, recovers from the absorbing
effects of the ardent heat of the day.

It is not sufficient, however, to moisten the roots of the Camellia. When
the temperature of the green-house rises too high, which often happens,
during the months of May and June, — for our advice is, to leave the Ca-
mellia in the green-house until the end of June, — the leaves of this plant
require, that the salutary humidity in which they delight, should be given to
them at that time, when they are exposed, in the shade to the open air. A
syringe or hand pump is made use of, to cause the water to fall upon the
leaves of the Camellia in fine drops like a gentle shower of rain. The water
should be of a medium temperature. This mode of watering, which is so
beneficial to the Camellia, when it is in the green-house, in the latter part
of the spring, is still more so, if it is frequently done in summer, when this
shrub is exposed to the open air. We think it also very beneficial, at this
time to water the surrounding ground on which the plants stand, to restore
to the air, a part of its elasticity, and to the plants those vapors from which
they derive their serial nutriment.

But although the waterings properly attended to, have a favorable effect
on the vigor of the Camellia, yet if they are too long neglected, the con-
trary result is produced from the aridity of the earth in the pots, which is
the consequence of such omissions. A too great dryness of the earth, attacks
this shrub in its roots, and when that is the case, there are no means of arrest-
ing the evil. Peat earth, on becoming dry, is incapable of absorbing water,
or if it permits its passage, it is only in the form of an infiltration, and does
not take place except when the water meets no obstacle and passes through
the pot, without refreshing the roots of the perishing plant. The Camellia,
when the waterings have been long neglected, does not exhibit any symp-
toms of suffering, but is soon despoiled of its leaves; the wood becomes
shrivelled and stunted, the buds fall off, and death speedily follows.

To restore the Camellia to life, when this evil is not incurable, it is neces-
sary immediately to repot it, giving to it fresh earth, cutting it down short.

MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 25

and placing it under glass in a hot-bed, moderately hot, depriving it of the
air and sun, and watering it very moderately and only by degrees j above all,
do not soak the plant, with the ball of earth on it, in water, as is the prac-
tice with some gardeners 5 this sudden transition is very injurious, and will
complete that destruction which the dryness of the earth had commenced.
Another mode of saving the plant, is to put it in the open ground, under
the protection of glass, where it more promptly acquires its primitive vigor.

The waters of fountains and wells, when they are selenitical or calcarious,
and even those of rivers, as they are often charged in their course with
various salts, are all injurious to the vegetation of the Camellia j and if any
of them are used, they should previously remain exposed to the action of
the sun for at least twentyfour hours. Rain water is preferable, and has a
salutary influence on the health of the Camellia. Not being saturated with
any of the saline principles, possesses the property of easily dissolving those
salts which are contained in the earth in which the plant is placed, and are of
the character which penetrate its tissue.

But the best waters for the camellia, are those of swamps, morasses and
bogs, which have been continually exposed to the influence of the sun and
air. These waters containing, in abundance, the principles of nutrition, espe-
cially when they are found mixed with the detritus of vegetable and animal
bodies, which furnish a certain quantity of carbon and azote, act in a won-
derful manner upon the voracious organs of the Camellia j but these waters
should only be employed in the summer, when the shrub is exposed to the
open air. In winter, and when the plants are in the green-house, they should
be moistened with pure water, which has remained for several days in a
cistern, situated in a corner of the green-house.

Section 4. — The removal of the Camellia jrorn, the green-house
into the open air.

The period of removing the Camellia from, and returning it to the
green-house, as well as the exposition, which is given to it, during the sum-
mer, have a great influence on the health of the plant in winter. From the
experience of several years, we have ascertained that the period when it
should be removed from the green-house, is that, when it has completely

D. H. HILL LIBRARY

Worth Carolina State College

26 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA.

finished its first growth, — when the new wood is ripe, and when the buds
have all appeared, which generally arrives at the end of June. The Camel-
lia does not like the full influence of the sun's rays, but on the contrary is
pleased with a shady position and a free circulation of air. A northern ex-
posure, where the first beams of the rising sun fall upon it, is the most eli-
gible. If placed in a sunny position the buds are too rapidly formed, and
the florescence is less beautiful, even if they are complete in their develop-
ment. The same precaution is to be observed in removing the Camellia from
the green-house, as with all other plants, which are there cultivated. The
most important, is a shady and airy position j the most congenial kind of pro-
tection from the sun is a live hedge or a range of cedars, (Thuya Orientalis
or Arbor Vitse,) placed from eight to ten feet apart. The latter have the
advantage of offering, by their evergreen foliage, the most desirable kind of
protection, and have also a beautiful appearance, as by proper management,
they can be made to form a sufficiently compact screen. With such a pro-
tected position, neither the injurious effects of the violence of the sun's
rays, the winds, rain storms, or even the ravages of frost are to be feared.

We are in the habit of allowing to the Camellia, the advantages of such
an exposition, until the end of August. Early in September, this plant
should be exposed to the influence of the sun, during a greater portion of the
morning, and even until near noon, and be so left, until it is returned to the
green-house. This warm exposure confirms the last efforts of vegetation,
consolidates the buds, and thus insures to the culivator the pleasure he an-
ticipated, as the reward for all the cares he had bestowed, on this admired
plant.

The restoration of the Camellia to the green-house. — The heavy rains
of autumn, which are cold and frequent, enervate the Camellia, and always
render the success of a complete and satisfactory florescence doubtful. The
plants should, therefore, be restored to the green-house as soon as the rainy
season commences, and especially, as the nights become cold, although the
days may still be warm, for this remarkable difference of temperature, is
injurious to the shrubs and should, therefore, induce the amateur to restore
them early in October, or later if the season is mildj and he should always
select the most pleasant day, for this operation.

MONOGRAPHY OF THE GEImUS CAMELLIA. 27

Section 5. — The "prosper kind of green-house for the Camellia.

The Camellia being a rustic shrub, it prospers sufficiently well in all
kinds of green-houses j but to render its florescence abundant and beautiful,
it should be kept in, a medium temperature, and placed, as near as possible
to the light. Those plants which possess great vigor, and are from six to
seven feet in height, flourish every where, if they are not checked, by acci-
dental circumstances, as is frequently the case, with those, which have a
lower exposition. But the young plants, which have recently been produced
by grafting, or which are not more than a foot high, as well as all the deli-
cate and rare species, require a brilliant light to bloom well. It is true, that
such a position offers serious inconveniences, and among others, a stroke of
the sun in the spring, which at any moment may scorch and injure the health
of the plants. But these accidents can be prevented, by extending daily,
about eight or nine o'clock in the morning, cloths over the glass and with-
drawing them, as soon as the sun disappears from the green-house.

The double roofed green-houses, which are called English or Chinese^
are excellent for small Camellias j but they do not present an agreeable ap-
pearance j still it is well to have one of them, to make the Camellia flourish,
until the period it comes into flower, when it can be removed to the large
green-houses.

The green-house for the Camellia should be furnished, like all others,
with a stove or furnace, well built of masonry, the funnel of which should be
of brick and of a square form, placed in the interior, against one of the walls j
— that in front is most usually selected for the purpose. The entrance to the
furnace should be on the outside, so that the fire can be attended to, with-
out entering the green-house. This precaution is very necessary to prevent
the smoke from being admitted, as its injurious influence is irreparable j the
fall of the leaves and buds being the immediate consequences.

The confined heat of the green-house produces a vapor, which attaches
itself to the ceiling, glass and walls, where it is condensed and falls in drops
upon the plants. This concentrated vapor, is injurious to the Camellias
which receive it, if they are suffered thus to remain, for any considerable
time. In order to promptly remove it, it is useful, when the exterior atmos-
phere will permit, to open some of the sashes, and kindle, at the same time.

28 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA.

a fire in the furnace, to temper the fresh admitted air. If this mode is im-
practicable, in consequence of the intensity of the cold, it must be attempted
to remove the moisture, where it is collected on the glass, by the use of
cloths, fastened to a staff. When it is necessary to keep up the fire for a
long time, on account of the cold, it must not be forgotten to water the
Camellias, which are near the furnace and funnel, and even all the others,
if it is requisite j for if the earth becomes too dry, it causes, as we have ex-
perienced, irreparable disasters.

Section 6. — The ventilation and temperature of green-houses.

The air being one of the most indispensable elements, to the prosperous
condition of plants, it is requisite that it be temperate and circulate freely in
the green-house. An active, dry and cold air is injurious to the Camellia j
while a humid and warm air is favorable to its vegetation, A thermometer,
therefore, should be placed in the green-house to regulate its temperature j
and although the Camellia may be exposed to some degrees of cold, without
suffering j still to render its florescence certain and perfect, it is necessary
that it should enjoy a temperature, of from 45 to 50 degrees of Fahrenheit's
thermometer.

As long as the exterior atmosphere, is near those degrees, — which should
be indicated by a good thermometer exposed to the north in the garden, the
doors and sashes of the green-house may be left openj but they should be
carefully watched and shut as soon as the external temperature descends to
only ten or twelve degrees above the point of congelation.

It is useful to give air to the Camellias every morning, even when the
weather is a little cold, if the sun is bright above the horizon. As the leaves
of the Camellia, present quite a large, shining, porous and slightly humid
surface, they attract the dust, which is continually circulating in the green-
house, and soon become covered with it. These foreign bodies prevent the
exercise of their absorbent functions, or rather, obstruct the pores, which are
destined to inspire the surrounding nutritious gases, as well as to expire those
which are disengaged from the plant. It is therefore necessary, that from
time to time, during the winter, this dust should be removed from the plants.
The following are the modes of doing it.

Some persons wash the leaves with a piece of sponge j but while the

MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 29

sponge, if it is not continually cleansed, absorbs the dust of the leaves, and
communicates it to those to which it is successively applied, it also leaves a
little humidity on them, which immediately collects the dust again.

The best method is, to use a small piece of fine and dry linen, or cotton
cloth with which the leaves are to be lightly and carefully rubbed 3 they im-
mediately acquire all their natural lustre and present a renewed appearance
of health and vigor.

While the Camellia is in the green-house, and even when in the open
air, a kind of moss, which is often produced by the quality of the water used
in irrigation, is formed, which covers the superior surface of the earth in
the pots. It is, therefore, necessary, when the plants are removed from, or
restored to the green-house, that this moss should be carefully taken off, and
with it as much of the earth as possible, which is to be replaced, with such,
as has been prepared, for the purpose, in the manner, that has been de-
scribed, and which has a vivifying effect on the plants.

Section 7. — The insects which are injurious to the Camellia.

The Camellia is attacked, both, when in the green-house, and exposed to
the open air, by several small insects, which are the aphides^ (plant lice,)
formica y (ants,) kermes^ (a small beetle of the coccus genus,) cochineal ^
(also a beetle of the coccus genus,) &c.

It is not an easy task to destroy these various kinds of insects, and the
process we shall describe requires great care and attention.

The Aphides are developed early in the spring j they attach themselves
to the most tender shoots, and cover them so completely, that the bark seems
to have changed its color 5 and are constantly pumping the abundant sap,
with which the young branches are filled, and they consequently languish.
The leaves fade and soon perish, if the insects are not either removed by the
cultivator, rains or certain winds which are fatal to them. They are readily
destroyed by burning tobacco in the green-house, washing the infected
branches with soap suds, or, what is still better, crushing them with the
fingers.

Although it is said, that the formicse live at the expense of the aphides,
we believe there are some of the species, which are nourished by the tender
twigs of the Camellia; besides, their numerous progeny is very inconveni-

30 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA.

ent, especially when they form their habitations, as is sometimes the case,
in the Camellia pots. Green-houses can be readily cleared of these insects,
by partly filling small phials with honey and water, which they are thus
induced to enter, in vast numbers, where they are drowned.

The Kermes, — commonly called the orange-bug, which is often seen on
the leaves and bark of the young branches, and the cochineal, which attaches
itself to the new shoots, and in the axils of the young leaves, draw out all
the sap. These enemies are to be destroyed, by visiting the Camellia often,
early in the morning, and crushing them with a small flat piece of wood.

Earth worms, easily enter the pots, disturb the roots and decompose the
compost. The method of preventing them from entering the pots consists,
in placing a piece of slate under each, supporting them on planks, or making
a bed of fine gravel, or river sand, two or three inches thick, on which they
are to stand.

When these worms are in the ball of earth, which surrounds the roots,
and they cannot be extirpated, by removing it from the pot, they may be
compelled to leave it, by watering once or twice the roots with a slight
decoction of tobacco. We have employed, with success, a very slight solution
of quick lime: but this method, if it is not performed with great precaution,
will completely destroy the most delicate roots, when the plant invariably
perishes.

Section 8. — Florencence of the Camellia and manner of forcing it.

The natural epoch of the florescence of the Camellia is, generally, from
the month of December, until the end of March. Still, by an artificial cul-
ture, to which it readily yields, if it is desired to calculate the phases of its
vegetation and follow its progress, plants may be made to bloom, in suc-
cession, from the commencement of September, to the end of April. The
best course to be pursued, to insure success, in this extra-natural culture, is
as follows.

When it is desired, that a plant should bloom in September, its vegeta-
tion should be excited, at least a month earlier than common. For this pur-
pose, in the month of February, the plants, which have not any flower bud,
and which are in a vigorous and sufficiently forward condition, should be
selected and repotted, in the manner which has been described, if it is neces-

MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 31

sary, and then placed in a position, where the heat can be augmented, in
order that they may by this artificial means commence vegetation promptly
and finish their first growth, a month sooner than usual. They are to be
removed from the green-house, by the end of May, instead of the close of
June and placed in a less shady exposition, than is the general custom.

In April, the plants which give indications of blooming, should be re-
tained in a green-house, which must be ventilated, during the day, but
closed at night j and they must be protected, against the solar rays, by means
of cloths, or light mats, and kept in a uniformly temperate and equal atmos-
phere. In proportion as the exterior air diminishes in temperature, that
within must be elevated. By this mode of culture, if it is well conducted,
abundant and beautiful flowers will be obtained, in the month of September.
Besides those plants, which are ready to bloom, may be placed toward the
end of this month, in a hot bed which is kept moderately warm, — care being
taken to screen them from the sun, and give them air in the day time, and
they will continue to bloom in succession.

When it is desirable to retard the florescence of the Camellia, all the
operations which have been described, are but to be performed a month later,
to make them bloom naturally j and by the means of a less elevated artificial
atmosphere, but which, however, is constantly equal, the development of
the flowers may be retarded for several weeks.

Section 9. — Means of preventing the buds from falling off.

To prevent the fall of the buds, — a natural desire of the horticulturists
— and induce the Camellia to bloom abundantly every year, it is necessary
to attend constantly and in the most faithful manner to its culture, especially
from the time of repotting, to the development of the flowers. We shall not
repeat, what has been said upon repotting, but add: first, that it is indis-
pensable, immediately after that operation, to keep the Camellia in a tem-
perature, of from 58 to 65 degrees, during the day, and from 54 to 58 in
the night J second, that as soon as the young shoots have terminated their
development, during which they are still in a herbaceous state, it is requisite
to increase the heat of the green-house from 68 to 77 degrees during the
day, and from 58 to 65 in the night. This augmentation of temperature,
causes the buds to appear more readily, in greater abundance, and more vig-

32 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA.

orous. We have observed, that if nature is not aided, at this period, by an
increase of heat, the new shoots, being left in a too low temperature, are sud-
denly checked and become hardened, before their natural maturity is com-
pleted. In this conjuncture, the development of the buds becomes more
difficult, in consequence of the hardness of the wood, and is not effected
until a later period j they are often, from this cause, less numerous, and very
imperfect i and besides, they fall off, on the first change of temperature. It
is probable, that this fatal accident is in consequence of their no longer re-
ceiving that lacteous nourishment, from the herbaceous shoots which con-
tributes so powerfully to produce, and firmly attach them to the branch,
which they are destined to embellish, at a later period.

When the buds are perfectly formed, — which is, as has been said, in
about three weeks after the first effort of the plant to throw out new shoots —
care must be taken, to diminish, gradually, the heat of the green-house,
until the period, when the Camellias are removed into the open airj which
is usually towards the end of June.

Finally, being placed in its summer exposition, the Camellia demands
the strictest observance, of all those directions, which were given in the
fifth section.

But those directions, however well attended to, will not prevent the fall
of the buds, if it is neglected to keep the plant in a uniformly equal teni-
feraturdy of between 47 and 50 degrees during the day, and 43 and 45 in the
night, from the first of October, until the end of March. We designedly
insist upon the necessity of a strict attention to this uniformly equal tempera-
ture, because, that in fact, whether the Camellia is kept, during the rigorous
season, in a constant temperature of but from four to six degrees above the
freezing point of 32, by only permitting the heat to be augmented by the
exterior atmosphere j or whether the temperature of the greenhouse is al-
ways maintained up to between 54 and 60, this double difference, remaining
constantly the same, cannot in either case be injurious to the florescence. In
the first it will be only later and in the second more precocious j but if, in
the last hypothesis, the artificial heat, is, for even a short period, too violent,
in consequence of the furnace being badly managed, the plant will bloom
well, it is true, but, not having enjoyed a constantly uniform temperature, in
the green-house, up to the usual period of its removal, it languishes, loses

MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 33

its leaves, and often, it is not in the power of the horticulturist, to prevent
it from perishing. Such is the fate of the forced Camellia, which are des-
tined to decorate our saloons in winter, and furnish the tribute of their bril-
liant flowers, during the season of magnificent entertainments.

An equality of temperature is therefore, essential, for the preservation
of the buds. A too sudden change, whether it arise from the momentary in-
troduction of cold air into the green-house, at the time when the heat is up
to from 54 to 60 degrees, or from a too great elevation of the temperature,
to from 60 to 65, too suddenly introduced, when the thermometer, indicates
but 32 degrees} both of these sudden and violent transitions produce the
same results, — the fall of the buds : the reason appears to us evident.

When the buds are near expanding into blossom, a mild and continued
heat causes them to advance rapidly, the vegetation of the Camellia, being
then confined to only this part of the plant. If then, to an excessive eleva-
tion of the atmosphere, there succeeds a considerable reduction of the heat,
the sap, operated upon by this sudden change, is checked; the buds no longer
receiving nourishment, as abundantly as before, they become dry and fall.

A physiologist cannot fail to notice, with deep interest, how powerfully
the heat and cold, instantaneously acts, upon the buds, when they have
reached a certain degree of development. The slightest difference of tem-
perature affects them considerably.

The necessity then, cannot be too earnestly insisted upon, of keeping the
heat of the green-house, at all times very near the same degree of elevation.
In the spring, this regularity is less necessary, because there is nothing to be
feared from such sudden transitions, and the solar heat is daily increasing;
but, in winter, the atmospheric variations, being so frequent and instan-
taneous, and the life of the plants being confided to artificial means, it can
be easily conceived, that much greater vigilance is. necessary to regulate,
according to the circumstances, the temperature which they require.

To act in conformity to these established principles, it is necessary to
have two thermometers in the green-house, one being placed on the rear and
the other on the front wall, and to examine them attentively several times
every day. When the temperature falls as low as 38, the doors and sashes
should be immediately closed; and if, notwithstanding this precaution, the

34 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA.

thermometer does not indicate a proper heat, a little fire must be kindled in
the furnace ; but care must be observed not to elevate the temperature either
too suddenly, or too high; from 38 to 41 degrees of constant heat is better
than 54 which is irregular and interrupted. We do not open our doors, only
when the exterior air is of a congenial temperature, or when the sun shines
on the superior sashes of the green-house, and the interior heat has arisen
to from 50 to 54 degrees. It should be recollected, that this plant is like a
watch, which requires to be daily wound up, by a regular process and not at
various times and by jerks.

We have seen the buds fall, within fortyeight hours from a hundred
beautiful Camellias, which were enclosed in a green-house, in consequence
of the temperature of 60 degrees, to which the plants had been accustomed
for many days, having been allowed to fall as low as 38. It can readily be
conceived, that such extraordinary change of temperature, should disorgan-
ize the ascending progress of the sap, and cause the most fatal consequences.

Finally, to prevent the buds from falling, there is still another very
simple method, which was made known to us, by the late M. Cels, and
which we have practised often with success. It consists in placing the Ca-
mellia filled with buds, upon a moderately warm hot bed, four feet broad
and three feet in depth, covered with a glazed sash, and put in fermenation
by fresh horse manure, or dry leaves, well pressed down. The manure
should be put in the interior of the bed for the evaporation produced by
these confined substances, is injurious to the florescence. The Camellias
when placed in this hot bed, are managed in the same manner, as those in
the green-house; that is, giving them air, whenever the exterior tempera-
ture will permit, and covering them with mats during the night; if it freezes,
the coverings are doubled and kept on until there is a change to mild
weather. The air is then gradually admitted and they are moderately
watered. In relation to this subject we can relate a sufliciently curious fact.

We saw, in the rigorous winter of 1829 and 1830, M. Cels, confine,
under the sashes of a hot bed, which were covered with mats and straw, the
most beautiful white and striped Camellias in full bud, and leave them thus
deprived of air and light, during the whole winter, and when the hot bed
was opened, although the humidity poured out in clouds and seemed to

MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 35

drown the plants, nearly all the buds were uninjured, perfectly fresh, well
nourished, and some of them beginning to bloom, and all of them in a few
days were admirably developed.

It is here proper to mention some varieties of the Camellia, whose buds
expand into blossom with difficulty and but very rarely, in consequence of the
multiplicity of the petals, which are contained in them: they are the Camel-
lia Dorsettiy Woodsii, giganleay Chandleriiy Rex GeorgiuSy Florida, ^c.

The buds of these plants often only half open, and sometimes even less ;
they remain in this state for several days, and finally drop off.

If these buds are opened after their fall, a certain quantity of water is
found collected in their calyx, and their central petals in a state of decom-
position. To this stagnant humidity it is most probable may be attributed,
the destruction of the vegetable energy of the short peduncle which sustains
the bud, and whose putrefaction occasions its fall.

This examination has induced us to attempt a particular mode of obtain-
ing a regular florescence of these varieties of the Camellia j and the experi-
ment having succeeded two years in succession, it is now made known for the
benefit of amateurs. We placed, during the winter, several of these varie-
ties, and especially the Woodsii and Dorsetti, in a very airy, light, dry and
sufficiently cool situation; the number of buds were reduced, that there
might be more sap and vigor for those which remained; the plants were kept
in a low temperature, for the purpose of retarding the growth and develop-
ment of the buds, until the season of pleasant weather was so far advanced,
as that the natural heat of the atmosphere became both more equal and ac-
tive. At the close of the winter, these Camellias were removed into the
green-house and placed in the most favorable position, where they were
watered frequently, but only a little moisture was furnished at a time. In
the spring, all these plants developed their buds easily, and presented a mag-
nificent florescence. We invite all amateurs to repeat this experiment and
request them to inform us of the result.

Section 10. — The management of Camellias in private a-partments.

The Camellia is such a pleasing and elegant plant, that every one is de-
sirous of decorating their saloons with it : but these positions being too warm

'iS MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA.

and unhealthy, the vital principle of its organization is deteriorated, and it
soon perishes.

We have thought, however, that this flower might be enjoyed for a long-
time, in private apartments, if it could be isolated from the influence of the
fire and the mephitic exhalations of the human body, by the means of glass.
Place for example, some shelves, like steps, against one of the walls of the
room, on which may be stood pots containing several varieties of the Camel-
lia in bloom, and, enclose these steps in a glazed frame. The plants would
not suffer in such a secure position, and the flowers would have a most inter-
esting and pleasing effect. Attention will be requisite, to give them air.
in the morning, before the fires are made in the roomj and when the flo-
rescence has ceased, they should be replaced in a green-house or what is still
better, in a glazed hot bed.

Camellias in bloom, might be enclosed between double windows pre-
pared for that purpose, when the thickness of the walls of the house is such
as to allow sufficient space j and if the aspect is a southern one so much the
better. The flowers and the verdure would be very brilliant in such an
exposition, as they would be completely protected from the dust, and besides
the plant could not be injured by its removal from the green-house into a
habitation so favorably situated, for the complete preservation of its health.

Section 1 1 . — The cultivation of the Camellia in unconfined earth.

The Camellia, when placed in unconfined earth, whether in a conserva-
tory, green-house or a hot bed, grows rapidly and in a few years becomes
very much extended, and blooms easily and abundantly j but if attention is
not paid to having a proper drainage, to allow the water to pass off from the
roots, or if it is entirely deprived of the contact of the open air, — especially
in summer, the earth in which it is planted, is deteriorated, the roots putrefy,
the plant is stripped of its leaves, and perishes.

To avoid this sad result of negligence, it is essential, before transplanting
the Camellia into unconfined earth, to prepare the soil where it is to stand,
in such a manner that the water shall not remain stagnant around its roots,
which can easily be done, by first placing at the bottom of the space, where
it is intended to set out the plant, some gravel, and over that a few inches
of sandj and it is also advisable to put over the sand, the roots and vegetable

MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 37

substances which have been separated from the peat soil, when preparing it
for filling the pots. The Camellia being thus set out, great care should be
taken, to afford it a free circulation of air in the summer, and especially a
humid atmosphere; and for this purpose, the sashes should be left open
every pleasant night, to enable the plant to enjoy the refreshing dews, dur-
ing that season j and it will also be beneficial to the plants, to renew the
earth which surrounds their roots, every three or four years.

The Camellia placed in unconfined earth, without protection, is not
capable of resisting, a temperature lower than from 38 to 41; consequently
it would be a useless experiment, to attempt, in the climate of Paris, to ex-
pose it to a greater degree of cold. If the winter should be mild, it may be
preserved, beyond a doubt, vegetate well during the summer, and offer a
beautiful appearance in autumn; but the frequent variations of the atmos-
phere, at that period, would cause the buds to fall off.

In warm climates, in a northern exposure, where it can be screened from
the sun, and in a soil which is congenial, the Camellia would become a mag-
nificent tree, and present, at the time of its florescence an enchanting aspect.
This prospect can be enjoyed at Caserta, near Naples, where there is culti-
vated, in the royal domains, a Camellia, which was planted in 1760. It is
more than 40 feet high, and occupies, with its lateral branches, a space more
than twenty feet in circumference. It is covered with thousands of blossoms
in the spring, to which succeeds an abundant fructification, affording the
means of infinite multiplication. We have often visited that admirable tree,
and to perpetuate the recollection, we designed and colored it upon the spot,
with all the exactness, which our feeble powers would allow. We presented
the original painting to our master and honorable colleague, Mr. De Can-
dolle, the elder.

Section 12. — Pruning of the Camellia.

There are but few exotic plants, which bear pruning, as well as the
Camellia; and by performing this operation with intelligence and at the
proper time, it assumes the form, which it may be desired to give it, and
blossoms most abundantly. The periods for pruning are, either the spring,
immediately after the florescence, or in the summer, after the second
growth; that is, about the middle of August. If the pruning is performed

38 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA.

in the spring, it is necessary, immediately after that delicate operation, to
carefully repot the shrub, place it in a green-house, where there is a con-
siderable elevation of temperature, to induce it to throw out its new branches
vigorously and in season to get well ripened before the cold weather com-
mences. If the plants are pruned in August, it becomes requisite to sacrifice
the existing buds, and a year is lost, before the blossoms can be enjoyed j for
at this epoch the vegetation of the Camellia, is disposed to repose; but the
after growth in the spring, which succeeds the pruning, will be much more
vigorous, and the new branches with which the plant is supplied, will begin
to bear buds the second year.

Besides, the Camellias which are pruned in August, may remain in the
open air until the common period, when all the plants are returned to the
green-house; but those which are pruned in the spring, require to be put in
a glazed hot bed, immediately after that operation, as has been before said ;
for without this precaution, they vegetate but slowly, and produce only small
and feeble shoots, which do not blossom for several years.

Section 13. — The multiplication of the Camellia.

The Camellia is multiplied in three manners: by the seeds, cuttings, or
layers and grafts.

By seeds. — The seeds are planted, in a hot bed, under glass, in a peat
soil, which has been passed through a sieve. The seeds which are sown,
should have naturally arrived at maturity, which is easily known, by their
falling spontaneously from their hard pericarps. The bed should be lightly
covered with moss, to keep up, continually, a slight humidity. The seeds
often remain two years before they vegetate, but sometimes the young plants
appear the first year. As soon as the plants have attained about two inches
in height, they are to be taken up, with a small ball of earth attached to
each, and put into separate little pots, which are to be arranged in the same
hot-bed, and protected from the air and sun, until they are in a state to
bear exposure, when they are to be managed in the same manner as has
been recommended for Camellias generally. At the expiration of five or
six years, nearly all of these individuals, are in a flowering state; some of
them, however, do not blossom for twelve years, as we have experienced.
Seeds of the Camellia which were gathered in 1819, from the celebrated

MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 39

tree at Caserta, did not bloom until 1831, and we have two plants, which
were produced from those seeds, that flowered for the first time in 1836,
which was more than fifteen years after they were planted.

To induce Camellias, obtained from the seed, to bloom promptly, they
must be grafted as soon as the wood is sufficiently matured, which is in their
second or third year. This should be done only on the most vigorous plants,
to render the florescence more certain and rapid.

By cuttings. — This method is employed to obtain free stalks, but more
often to procure subjects for grafting; and the single red or fink are usually
selected for this purpose.

The following is the most simple manner of performing the operation.
^^ In the spring, the shoots,, of the preceding year's growth, are selected,
from the single, or semi-double Camellias, which are divided into cuttings,
from four to six inches in length j these are set out together a few lines
distant from each other, in pots filled with peat soil, which are plunged in
a pit of tanners' bark and covered with a hand glass, or placed in a shaded
position of the green-house; from time to time, it is necessary to raise the
hand glasses, and wipe off the interior humidity, and occasionally moisten
the cuttings, with a little watering pot, made expressly for the purpose. Cut-
tings thus managed take root, in about six weeks, and when the roots are suffi-
ciently developed, they are transplanted into small pots, where they remain
until large enough for being engrafted. The Camellia can thus be multi-
plied by cuttings, in green-houses, which have no artificial heat, and without
the aid of tan; but the process is too long and often uncertain.

The Camellia can also be multiplied by layers; but horticulturists have
generally renounced this mode of operation, because the subjects thus
treated, take too long a time to root, occupy too much space in the green-
house, or hot-beds, besides requiring the sacrifice of the most beautiful
branches; and the result is not in proportion to the labor, time and expense,
which it occasions; grafting, therefore, is the expedient of multiplication,
which every where prevails.

Section 14. — Different methods of grafting the Camellia.

Grafting. — The Camellia, which it is desired to multiply, is generally
grafted upon stocks of the single red variety, or any other single or double

40 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA.

kind, may be selected, which can best be spared for that purpose. There are
now several modes of graftings but we shall only describe those which are
most generally practised, and especially that, which the Belgians most com-
monly employ, to propagate the new and most valuable varieties.

Grafting by aff roach y or I narchmg.—^h.Q kind of grafting most used,
the easiest to perform, as well as the most natural and most ancient, is cer-
tainly that called inarching.] This mode which can be practised at all seasons,
is, nevertheless, most commonly performed in March.

In performing the operation, a lateral cut or slit is made in the stock,
so as to form a kind of tongue, or a portion of the bark and sapwood is re-
moved, an inch, or an inch and a half in length, and as low as possible. The
same thing is done on the branch of the Camellia, which it is desired to ob-
tain. The parts thus prepared are carefully united, — -precaution being taken,
that the barks of both exactly coincide, and they are confined with woollen
yarn, hemp, or strips of bass-wood bark, which have been first moistened.
\\n a few months the parts are united j but the portion of the branch of the
Camellia, which is united to the stock is gradually separated, by incisions
made at intervals, of from eight to ten days, in the following monthly order.
Camellias, inarched in March may be separated in August, and those on
which the operation is performed in May, in Octeberj being cautious to
commence the incisions a month before.

Cleft Grafting. — This is the common mode of grafting, which every
body understands, but which was not practised on the Camellia, until the
immense results were made known, which our excellent friend, Mr. De
Soulange Bodin obtained, in his grand establishment at Fremont, near Ris.
That learned and skilful horticulturist made use of this method, in prefer-
ence to all others, because, at all seasons, it can be performed, by the aid of
the artificial means which is specially used, to excite a flow of sap in the
plants, and cause them t© vegetate. Mr. Soulange Bodin has substituted
this kind of grafting for that of Belgium, — an account of which we shall
give hereafter i it offers the same advantages, namely, economy of time and
material, and probably more certainty in the results. By the employment of
this ingenious method, a small twig of the species, which it is desired to
multiply, having on it a single bud, and grafted on a congenial stock, pro-
duces, in six weeks, a complete shrub.

MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 41

Mr. Soulange Bodin calls this the stifled graft, because the plants, as soon
as they are grafted, are put in a very warm bark-pit and covered with a bell-
glass, where they have the appearance of being stifled.

Those who say, that this mode of operating, injures the root of the
stock, while it is subjected to the very elevated heat of the hot bed, are
completely deceived. We have had, in our possession, many Camellias,
which were grafted in this manner several years since, and we have never
perceived any disease in them which could have arisen from that cause. We
will cite a characteristic fact, in support of this assertion. In January 1830,
having made an excursion to Fromont, we selected and brought back, during
intensely cold weather, against the advice of the proprietor, and the gardener
of that establishment, a dozen little Camellias, which had been grafted ac-
cording to the above named process, and recently removed from the hot bed.
In spite of all our precautions, we found the earth in the pots entirely con-
gealed on our arrival. Still hoping to save them, notwithstanding this fatal
accident, which was solely occasioned by our obstinacy, they were carefully
kept, the whole of the winter, in a mild and uniform temperature, and in
the spring, we had the pleasure of seeing the whole of our Camellias vege-
tate vigorously, as if nothing had happened. If the manner in which my
friend had treated these young plants, had been pernicious and injured their
roots, and especially when the severe cold to which they were subjected
was added to that cause, they must inevitably have perished, without the
possibility of redemption.

The Belgic Graft. — This is a lateral mode of grafting, to which the
Belgians give the preference, and is performed from spring until autumn.
This is the method of operation. A portion of the bark and wood is cut from
the side of the stock, and as low as possible, in the same manner as for in-
arching. A small scion of one or two inches in length, with one bud and
a single leaf on it, is taken from the Camellia, intended to be multiplied,
the end cut sloping, on one side only, like a wedge and so placed on the
stock, as that the barks of both shall coincide, and then secured with woollen
yarn.

When this operation is completed, the pot containing the engrafted
stock, is placed upon its side upon an unheated bark-pit, or dry moss, on
which, however, the branches only should rest; then the grafted part is

42 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA.

immediately, hermetically covered, with a bell-glass. At the expiration of
fifteen days, the graft is perfectly united, and in three weeks, at the farthest,
the plant is ready for sale.

It is superfluous to remark, that this graft, during the whole time that
it remains under the bell-glass, to form the desired union, should always
have the protection of a green-house, if the operation is performed in the
summer, and of a glazed but unheated pit, if at any other season.

Inarching — by cuttings. — Heretofore, in uniting the graft to the stock,
it was planted like a cutting, near the root of the stock, and a result was
produced, very nearly like that which is obtained by the Belgic graft j but
this mode of operating, requiring a branch of a certain length, the same num-
ber of plants cannot be obtained from the parent Camellia j but still, this
mode, as well as that of the Belgians, is economical and expeditious.

MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 43

CHAPTER THIRD.

METHOD OF CLASSIFICATION.

Before describing the species or varieties, it is proper that an explana-
tion should be given of the method of classification, to which we have
alluded.

This method consists of two series of ascending chromatic gamuts, of the
tones, and natural shades of the flowers, of the principal varieties of the
Camellia, all of which, as we have stated, having been derived from the
Camellia Japonica, properly so called.

The first gamut commences with the Pure White, which passes to Rose,
then to Cherry, more or less deep, and goes on to Amaranth, or Provence
Rose, and ends with Pur fie.

The second gamut commences with Yellowish Carnation, (dingy white,)
which passes to Flesh, then to clear or deep Orange, and ends in Pur-ple.

The flowers of these two gamuts, are, as we have elsewhere stated, either
unicolored or bicolored. The unicolored are those which do not admit of any
modification in the unit of their color, like those indicated in the first gamut,
of the colored synoptical table.

The bicolors, on the contrary, allow of several modifications, and pre-
sent five different divisions.

The first gamut includes three, which are:

1st. Flowers with a white ground, striped or spotted with rose.

2d. Flowers with a rose ground, striped or spotted with cherry.

3d. Flowers with a cherry ground, striped or spotted with white.

The second gamut includes two, which are:

1st. Flowers with a dingy white ground, jiesh color, striped with white.

2d. Flowers with an orange red ground, more or less deep, striped, or
spotted with white.

In the first gamut, — and here we borrow the language of the painter, —
the white is not overpowered by any color.

The Rose is either overpowered by the Clear Rose-Lake and the
Nafles Yellow, as in No. 1, in the colored table; or by the Clear Rose-Lake,
Nafles Yellow, and Vermilion, as in Nos. 2, and 3, in the same table; or by

44 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA.

the Deep Rose-Lake y Naples Yellow ^ and Vermilion, as in No. 4 of the
same table.

The clear, or deep Cherry is overpowered, either by Carmine-Lake,
which, mixed with more or less Rose-Lake and Vermilion, produces the
Amaranth more or less deep. No. 1 j or by Carmine-Lake, mixed with more
or less Vermilion, which produces India Red, as in No. 3.

Or by Carmine, mixed with more Vermilion, which produces the Prov-
ence Rose, or Purple, as in Nos. 4, 5, 6, and 7.

In the second gamut, the Dingy White, or -flesh- colored, is overpowered
by the Clear Rose-Lake and Cinnabar, as in Nos. 1, 2, and 3. The Clear
Orange Red of this gamut is overpowered by the Rose-Lake, with more
Cinnabar, as in Nos. 1, 2, 3, and 4. The Deep Orange-Red is overpowered
by the Carmine, mixed with more or less Cinnabar, which produces the
Poppy, Nos. 5,6,7, and 8.

To enable amateurs to select Camellias according to their taste, and
to base their choice upon more precise notions, we have not only designated
by a special epithet, at the end of each description,* the appropriate degree
of merit due to each plant, but have also given the synonyme, by which it
is known in the nurseries, and flower-markets j and lastly, to render the work
acceptable to all those to whom we have the honor of being known, whether
amateurs, or nursery-men, we have indicated the principal nursery-men,
who may be applied to, with confidence, for selections. Knowing very par-
ticularly the greater part of those establishments, as well as the intelligence,
integrity, and honesty, of those who direct them, we can assure amateurs,
by our own experience, that their orders will be faithfully executed.

ADDRESSES OF THE PRINCIPAL NURSERY-MEN IN EUROPE.

IN FRANCE.

M. M. De Soulange Bodin, rue de la Chaussee-d'Autin, No. 44, a Paris;
Noisette, faubourg Saint Jacques, No. 51, a Paris;
Cels freres, choussee du Maine, No. 77, a Paris;

*The designating epithets are in the following gradation. Insignificant, rather insignifi-
cant, passable, curious, pretty, very pretty, handsome, very handsome, distinguished, beautiful,
very beautiful, charming, superb, magnificent.

MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 45

Paillet, rue du Petit-Banquier, No. 5, a Paris j

Mathieu, rue de Buffoii, a Paris j

DuRAND, rue de Buff on, a Paris j

Cisley — Vandael, rue de Vaugirard, a Paris;

FioN, rue des Trois-Couronnes, a Paris j

Daniel Hooibrink, boulevart Mont-Parnasse, No. 37 a Paris;

Baumann freres, a Bolwiller, Haut-Rhinj

Margat pere et fils, a Versailles ;

Bertin, id.

Lahaye, id.

Dubart, a Montreuil, pres Paris j

Cachet, a Angers j

Leroy, id.

Miellez, a Lille.

N FOREIGN COUNTRIES.

Knight, London:
LoDDiGES, do.
Mechelynk, Gandj
Buyckvander Meersch, Gand;
Verleeuwen, do.

Vangeert, do.

Veschaffelt, Gand.
MoENs, Anversj
Parmentier, Enghien;
Hilot, Bruxelles;
Oackes, Tourney j
Martin Burdin, Turin, Italy.
Mariani, Milan, do.

Martin Burdin, Milan, do.
Casoretti, do. do.

Tagliabue, do. do.

46 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA.

CHAPTER FOURTH.
DESCRIPTION OF THE SPECIES AND VARIETFES.

F 1 R S T G A M U T .

UNICOLORED CAMELLIAS.

WHITE FLOWERS.

1. Camellia Alba simplex. — Shrub vigorous, branches diffuse j leaves
two inches four lines* broad, and four inches and three lines long, roundish-
oval, a little acute, much veined, and regularly dentated, deep green:
appearance of the C. variegata -plena; buds large, pointed, scales calycinal,
and of a pale green j blossoms two and a half inches in diameter, regular,
single, pure white j petals broad, in number five or six, white, sometimes
spotted with redj stamens closed in a fascile; the pistil surpasses them in
length. Produces seed. A pretty variety.

2. C. Alba plena. — Leaves two inches and three lines broad, and four
long, elongated-oval, acute j revolute at the summit; irregularly dentated,
of a dull green, and prominent nerves; petiole short; bud large, oval, with
green calycinal scales; flower very large, full, regular, deprived of sexual
organs, which are replaced with numerous petals, thick, spiral, imbricated,
milk white, forming a very round corolla, four inches in diameter, and of
extremely elegant form. — Magnificent.

3. C. Amabilis. — Leaves two inches three lines broad, and four long,
roundish-oval, acute, a little acuminated, horizontal, nerves conspicuous,
regularly dentated, of a dull green; bud elongate, scales greenish; flower
terminal, large, white, single, eight petals, a few stamens in the centre;
it differs very little from the C. alba simplex. — Beautiful.

*4. C. Axillaris. — Leaves oblong, glabrous, flat, coriaceous, dentated at
the summit; the superior almost entire; flower of a yellowish white. This
plant appears to us to be rather a Gardenia than Camellia; it requires much
heat to grow well.

5. C. Anemomeflora^ Alba plena. — Leaves medium, of the color and size
of those of the C. Pomponia plena. A vigorous shrub; bud very large, de-

*The French line is the twelth part of an inch.

MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 47

pressed at the summit, and almost round j scales green and shining j flower
full, very large, four and a half inches in diameter, of a dazzling snow
white J exterior petals large, foliaceous revolute, sometimes spotted with
red at the claws, and irregularly arranged j those of the interior rows, long,
erect, cut in a ligulate manner, united and compressed into a large flattened
ball, in the middle of which are confounded a few sterile and almost invisible
stamens. — Suferb.

6. Camellia, Anemoruejlora, Warrata^ carnea. — Leaves one inch and
seven lines broad, and three inches three lines long, elongated-oval, a little
acute J form and color of the Wilbancksiana; bud small, scales green j flower
white, double, small, resembling much the little flower of the Pomponia,
improperly called carnation, for there is no tint of flesh color in this flower.
— Pretty.

7. C. Candidisshna. — Leaves small, one inch and seven lines broad, and
three inches two lines long, elliptical, or elongated-oval, acute, horizontal,
flat, thick, glossy, very finely dentated, of a pale green, often spotted yel-
lowy a shrub of a pretty appearance, vigorous; bud oval, quite large before
bursting into bloom, scales light green j flower very large, four inches or
more in diameter, full, of a very pure white, petals regularly imbricated,
and resemble, very much, those of the double white Camellia, and are in
number from seventy to seventy-five, broad, a little crenated at the summit,
and diminish in width in proportion as they approach towards the centre. —
Magnificent.

8. C. Compacta. — Leaves oval, acute, very finely dentated, resembling
those of the C. Pceonice jlora^ but of a duller green; surface dotted; bud ob-
long, small, scales green; flower small, fourteen lines in diameter, double,
of a very pure white; petals, of the three exterior rows, firm, perfect, well
imbricated; those of the centre numerous, small, erect, fasciculate, regular,
in the form of a lance head, and intermixed with some fertile stamens. —
Swperh.

9. C. Curvatheoejolia. — Leaves like those of tea, three inches long, and
two broad, very acute, the summit singularly recurved, in the form of a
hook, nerves apparent, not numerous; flower white, regular, very double,
three and a half inches in diameter; petals disposed in a regular rosette, of

*This name is often written Waratah,

48 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA.

a very pure white: those of the circumference emarginate, slightly sinuous;
those of the centre irregular and a little tortuous. — Su-perb.

*10. C. Eury aides. — Branches slender; stock pyramidal; leaves small,
ovate-lanceolate, concave, dentated pretty deeply; flower small, single,
white, a little fragrant.

11. C. Excelsa. — Leaves eighteen lines broad and three inches long,
oval, acute, form and disposition like those of the C. Coju-pactUy and of a
deep green; bud of a medium size, scales green; flower white, double, three
inches in diameter; exterior petals large, rather numerous, regularly ar-
ranged; those of the centre small, cordiform; a few short stamens, with
pale, yellow anthers. — Very beautiful.

12. C. Fimbriata. — The leaves exactly like those of the C. Alba; but a
less vigorous shrub; bud large, rounded, scales of a dark yellow; flower
three and a half inches in diameter, full, depressed; petals gracefully imbri-
cated, dentated, or mucranated at their superior limb. — Su-perb.

13. C. GalUca alba. — A very vigorous shrub, the young shoots green;
leaves ovate-oblong, finely dentated and considerably acuminated; bud oval,
pointed, scales green; flower large, three inches and three lines in diameter,
semi-double, of a milk white; the petals of the circumference broad,
rounded, and cordiform; those of the middle much smaller, elongate,
crenated in the heart, and intermixed with stamens. — Very beautiful.

1 4. C. Granelli. — Leaves of a medium size, oval, acute, of a deep green,
glossy; bud pointed, scales green; flower irregular, pretty large, three inches
in diameter, double white. — Pretty.

15. C. Kissy. — Leaves lanceolate, not very firm, of a dirty green, and
resemble a little those of the C. Sassanqua simfle^ but less, and more acumi-
nated; flower small, white, single, a little fragrant.

16. C. Lacteola. — Leaves two inches broad and three long, well ar-
ranged, roundish-oval, a little obtuse, very finely dentated, of an obscure
green; a well formed shrub; bud large, oblong, scales yellowish, with a
black border; flower large, three inches in diameter, semi-double, of a pure
white; exterior petal revolute; those of the centre erect, a little rumpled,
and intermixed with sterile stamens. — Superb.

17. C. Nivea. — Branches short and slim; leaves small, oval, recurved;

MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 49

nerves quite distinct j flower irregular, semi-double, large, white. — Very
beautiful.

18. C. Nobilissima. — Leaves two and a half inches wide and three inches
and eight lines long, roundish-oval, a little acute, much dentated, and of a
beautiful green, bud oval, obtuse, scales yellowish j flowers large, three
inches in diameter, full white j exterior petals large, numerous and recurved;
those of the interior smaller, crowded, rumpled; in appearance like the
Pomponia. — Superb.

*19. C. Oleifera. — A very tall shrub, pyramidal; leaves ovate-oblong,
slightly crenate, flat; flowers biternatej white, single, rather large. From the
fruit of this shrub, the Chinese extract an oil of a sweet odor, with which
they perfume their apartments.

*20. C. Ole^folia latijoUa. — Leaves oblong almost sessile, a little in-
flexed, unequally dentated; bud small, oval, a little downy, scales yellowish;
flower single, white, of a medium size; the centre is a little yellow and
open.

21. C. Palmerii albuy or C. Pomponia semi-plena. — A very vigorous
shrub; grows to the height of from fifteen to twenty feet, and of a very
elegant appearance; leaves ovate-lanceolate, a little acuminated, often re-
curved at both extremities; nerves a little salient, smooth, finely dentated,
form, color, and size of those of Pomponia plena; buds large, rounded, scales
of a light green; flower very large, very nearly four inches in diameter,
semi-double, regular, of a brilliant white, often having a portion of its petals
considerably striped with rose, beginning at the claw, and expanding and
becoming more faint towards the summit; stamens numerous, disposed in
a fascicle, at the centre of the flower. — Magnificent.

22. Pojjtponia plena. — Leaves oval, elongate, very acute, smooth near
extremities, recurved downwards, finely dentated, of a dull green, two
inches broad and three long; some of them of larger size; a vigorous shrub,
branches diffuse, and disposed to shoot out in all directions, without order,
if they are not regulated by pruning; buds large, rounded, scales green;
flower very large, four and a half inches in diameter, full and of a pure
white. The petals of the circumference are flat or undulating, those of the
centre are concave, white, at the claw red, with sometimes shades of light
yellow. This beautiful variety, is not uniform in the color of its flowers, for

50 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA.

often there are seen on the same plant, red, rose, and white. — Magnificent.

23. C. Rolissoni. — Leaves an inch and a half wide, and two and a half
long, roundish oval, a little pointed, horizontal, nerves conspicuous, finely
dentated, of an obscure green j bud obtuse, scales whitish j flower of a
medium size, double, of a milk white, and handsome formj exterior petals
disposed in several rows, crenated at the summit j those of the circumference
are fringed, all are imbricate, and turned back regularly upon the calyx,
as in the C. Excelsa. The centre is composed of stamens which are nearly
all petaloid, with a yellowish heart.

*24. C. Sassanqua. — A shrub with open branches, which are reddish
and villous when young j leaves one inch broad and three long, alternate,
oval, obtusely dentated, emarginate, thick, and of a dull green j flower
small, single, composed of five petals, of a beautiful white, sessile, terminal.
25. C. Splendidissima Berl. — A shrub about three feet high, vigorous,
pyramidal j leaves three and a half inches broad, and four and a half long,
oval, rounded, almost cordiform; nerves numerous and apparent, slightly
dentated, glossy and of a deep green j buds large, oval, obtuse, of the form
of the old double white camellia, scales greenish} flower four inches in
diameter, full, white } corolla very near the form of C. Colviliij petals of
the periphery, broad, numerous, reflexed, undulate, irregular, a little lacin-
nated on the border, and of a pure white } those of the interior are more
erect, elongate, numerous, very compact, curled, as well as those of the
circumference, and of a less brilliant white. No apparent sexual organs.
This beautiful variety, was obtained by us from the seed. Four journals, the
Constitution^ the Times, the Debates, and the Journal of Paris, alluded, in
March 1 835, to the beauty of its flowers. See the description which has been
given of it, in the Annals of the Horticultural Society of Paris. C. Sfoj-
jortiana. See the first gamut, striped bicolors, first division.

26. Veymaria. — Leaves small, like those of Pomponia plena j bud rather
large, scales green ; flower three and a half inches in diameter, white semi-
double, form, that of the Pomponia semi-flena; there is a little of a rose
tint in the ground color.

27. C. Wilbanksiana, or heptangularis. — Leaves one inch and eight lines
broad, and three long, oval, lanceolate, a little acuminated, reflexed, slightly
dentated, some of them elliptical, smooth, of a yellowish green, glossy j bud

MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 51

spherical, scales blackish; flower white, double, four inches in diameter,
irregular, petals of the first row, broad, crenated at the summit, grouped
in the centre, in a manner to imitate the union of several flowers, which
are contained in a common calyx; those of the interior, are smaller, erect,
rumpled, reflexed, intermingled with stamens. — Superb.

FIRST GAMUT.

UNICOLORS.

FLOWERS, CLEAR ROSE.

Dominant color. — Lake mixed with more or less vermilion and Naples
yellow, as in Nos. 2, 3, and 4 of the colored table.

28. C. Aitonia. — Leaves two and a half inches broad, and three and a
half long, often larger, ovate, oblong, rather near, regularly dentated, thick,
nerved, glossy, reflex, of a deep green, bud very large, acute oval, scales
green ; flower very large, four and a half inches in diameter, and often big-
ger, single, rose. No. 3, in winter, and cherry-red No. 1, in the spring.
This Camellia, where it is a little vigorous, fructifies abundantly every
year; its fruit resembles almost exactly, the reinette apple. — Su-perb.

29. C. Amflissima. — We are assured it is the same as the Aitonia.

30. C. AfolUna, — A vigorous shrub, filled with numerous spreading
branches; leaves two and a half inches broad, and three and a half long,
roundish oval, subcordiform, of a green, almost black, nerves numerous
and apparent; flower large, three inches in diameter, full, of a delicate rose.
No. 2; petals of the circumference rounded and entire, those of the centre,
distorted, crenate, and depressed. — Superb.

31. C. Colored. — Leaves medium, roundish oval, a little acuminated,
and slightly dentated; flower very large, single, regular, rose. No. 4; petals
rather broad, considerably elongated, erect, much crenated at the summit. —
Pretty.

32. C. Crouyoud {Lord.) — Leaves about two and a half inches broad,
and four long, much dentated, reflex, spotted with yellow; flower about
five inches in diameter, semi-double, delicate rose. No. 4; petals of the
circumference two inches broad, rounded and crenate at the summit, shades

52 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA.

of rose and cherry redj those of the centre small, crowned, reflex, and striped
with red. — Very beautiful.

33. C. DahU(B flora. — Leaves deformed, some of them elliptical, a little
obtuse, others lanceolate, acute j narrow, undulated, wrinkled, and irregular,
sabre or scythe form, of a greyish green; bud pointed, scales green j flower
semi-double, depressed, two and a half inches in diameter, rose, No. 3;
form of that of C. Spectabilis. — Very fretty.

34. C. Exfansa. — Leaves very like those of C. Pinck, obtuse-oval,
much nerved, irregularly dentatedj bud of a medium size, scales blackish;
flower medium, irregular, semi-double, rose. No. 3; petals of the circum-
ference broad and cyothiform, those of the centre narrow, in two rows, and
crenate at the summit; some of the stamens in part transformed into ir-
regular petals, red, and striped with white. — Produces seed freely.

25. C. Fasciculata. — A vigorous shrub, and pleasing form; leaves one
inch and eight lines broad, and three and a half long, elongate-oval, close,
much acuminated, slightly dentated, of a glossy green; bud oblong, large,
scales greenish, often bordered with black; flower from two and a half to
three inches in diameter, color rose. No. 3; petals broad, handsomely ar-
ranged, sometimes striped with white; some stamens in the centre. — Vei'y
handsome.

36. C. Gussonia. — Leaves two inches and three lines broad, and three
inches five lines long, roundish oval, a little acuminated, erect, with nerves
slightly expressed, of a dull green; bud rather large, a little pointed, scales
green at the summit; flower four and a half inches in diameter, semi-double,
rose. No. 3 ; exterior petals very broad, reflex, displayed regularly, interior
smaller, erect, arranged in a rose form. — Superb.

37. C. Heierophylla vera. — Foliage like that of C. Pasoniasflora; flower
medium, regular, flat, double, rose. No. 4; elevated in the centre; petals of
the circumference in two rows, broad, imbricate, elongate-oval, a little cre-
nated, expanded, those of the interior narrow, short, not numerous, whitish,
showing indications of stamens. — Passable.

38. C. Leindlega. — Leaves of a medium size, roundish-oval, horizontal,
of a pale green; bud large, depressed at the summit, scales green; flower
large, four inches in diameter, semi-double, of a clear rose. No. 2; petals

MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 53

broad, not numerous, crenated much at the summit, rounded and reflex,
those of the centre small, rumpled. — Su-perb.

39. C. Pceonicejiora rosea ^ or rubra. — Leaves two inches broad, and two
inches eleven lines long, and often of larger dimensions, elongate-oval,
acuminate, glossy, a little dentated, of a delicate green j a vigorous shrub,
has a tendency to extend its branches and requires to be pruned every three
or four years, to give it a graceful form; bud large, rounded, scales green;
flower full, four inches in diameter, and sometimes larger, of a lively rose,
No. 4, often of a cherry red, No, 2; petals of the circumference rounded,
broad; those of the centre rolled in the form of a cornet, numerous, narrow,
close, erect, rather long, and form a sphere, a little depressed. — Su-perb.

40. C. Pinck. — Leaves two inches broad, and two and a half long, round-
ish-oval, some of them elongate, a little dentated, and very like those of
the C. Pasoniseflora; bud small, scales blackish; flower regular, of a medium
size, semi-double, of a clear rose. No. 4; petals thick, considerably imbri-
cated. This Camellia is often used as a stock, for grafting other varieties
upon.

41. C. Perle des Camellia. — Leaves two inches broad, and three long,
ovate-lanceolate, of a pale green; flower of a medium size, double, of a
pretty rose. No. 4; form, color and disposition of the petals like those of
the Camellia Pseoniasflora rosea. — Handsome.

42. C. Pulcherrimay or Rolleni. — A vigorous shrub; leaves two and a
half inches broad, and four long, ovate-lanceolate, much acuminated and
veined, finely dentated; bud oval, oblong, scales calycinal, pale green;
flower five inches in diameter, double, clear rose. No. 4: petals of the cir-
cumference, in four rows, not very numerous, but regularly imbricated,
broad, round, deeply crenate at the summit, clear rose, shaded with carmine
from the claw to the limb; those of the middle in five or six rows, of from
eight to ten lines long and four or five broad, some only rose, others striped
or spotted with white, always intermingled with stamens, which are gen-
erally sterile; borders a little distorted. — Magnificent.

43. C. Rosea plena. — Leaves elongate, flat, recurved, nerves conspicuous,
and much dentated; bud obtuse, rather large, scales greenish; flowers three
inches in diameter, double, rose. No. 3 ; arranged, from two to three at the
extremities of the branches. — Very handsome.

54 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA.

44. C. Roseana. — Leaves one inch and a half broad, and two and a half
long, horizontal, roundish oval, a little acute, very finely dentatedj form,
color, and dimensions of the C. Speciosa vera; flower large, full, irregular,
of the pale red, inclining to rose. No. 4j petals of the circumference ample,
reflex, and slightly crenatedj those of the centre small, erect, border reflex,
some longer, rumpled, and produce a beautiful effect. — Swperb.

45. C. Resplendens. — A shrub of a vigorous vegetation; leaves enlarged
at their base, abruptly recurved at their summit, two and a half inches
broad, and three long, glossy, nerved; flower of a brilliant rose, No. 4; three
and a half inches in diameter, double; the exterior petals have their edges
free, entire, emarginate in the middle, sixteen lines broad; within the third
row, the edges of the petals become irregularly sinuous, festooned; they
are regularly arranged; the interior forms a kind of cup. — Charming.

46. C. Sinensis rosea. — Leaves smaller than those of C. Rosa sinensis^
but alike in form, color and nerves; bud elongated and pointed; flower two
and a half inches in diameter, often more, double, rose. No. 3 ; petals of the
circumference bent down, broad, a little reflex externally, and notched at the
summit; the others smaller, rumpled, forming an irregular centre. — Hand-
some.

47. C. Spectabilis. — Leaves large, often of the color and form of those
of the single red Camellia, or those of Variegata plena; buds with greenish
scales; flower three inches in diameter, double, rose color. No. 4; exterior
petals regularly arranged in three rows, broad, sometimes spotted with
white; those of the centre swollen, folded upon the ovary, twisted, mixed
with some stamens and often striped with white. — Very handsome.

This Camellia, which was obtained from the seed in Paris, has long been
called C. Celsiana. The English have sent it to us under the name of C.
Spectabilis. In Paris it is also known under the name of C. Lutetiana.

*48. C. Sassanqua rosea plena, or multiflora. — We regard this Camellia
as a distinct species. Its leaves are small, oval, accuminate, and of a brown-
ish green, resembling much the color of green tea; bud oval, obtuse, scales
green; flower small, full, petals curled, or twisted, of a clear or deep rose,
according to the season of its florescence. This flower much resembles a
little pompon rose; sometimes the centre is white, and the circumference of
a pale rose. To make this Camellia bloom abundantly it must be pruned
very short, once in two years. — Charming.

MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 55

49. C. Theresiana. — Leaves elongated j form, color, and size of those
of C. Pom-ponia -plena \ flower large, double, irregular, and of rose color,
No. 3, like that of C. Pomponia plena y when this passes to pale rose, —
Superb.

50. C. Venosa. — Leaves very much resembling those of the preceding;
flower from two and a half to three inches in diameter, double, rose color.
No. 3 ; petals broad, slightly veined, with a pale rose, like those of Pomponia
roseay or of C. Theresiana, from which C. Venosa differs very little. — Very
pretty.

51. C. Wilbrohamia. — Leaves two inches broad, and three long, oval,
elongate, almost flat, much dentated, of a deep green; bud oblong, scales
green; flower three inches in diameter, double, delicate rose. No. 2; exterior
petals not very numerous, but well arranged, some of them spotted; those
of the centre smaller, intermingled with abortive stamens; the form like
that of C. Fasciculata nova. — Charming.

52. Virginica. — Leaves small, oblong, lanceolate, one inch and two
lines broad, and two inches three lines long, much veined; nerves promi-
nent, of a brownish and glossy green ; bud oblong, scales green ; flower three
inches in diameter, full, of a delicate rose, scarcely deeper than in the
flower of C. Wilbrohamia and like that of the Pcenice flora; having two rows
of rather large petals in the circumference; those of the middle small, short,
twisted, tufted. — Very beautiful.

53. C. Wiltonia. — ^Leaves of a medium size, a little elongated; bud
small, pointed; flower rather small, double, of a rose color. No. 4; some-
times passing to cherry-red. No. 1 ; and often striped with white; petals in
two rows, imbricate, bent down, those of the centre small, twisted, erect,
often intermixed with stamens, or presenting in the middle the pistils alone,
being deficient of all the male organs. — Passable.

FIRST GAMUT.

UNICOLORS.

CLEAR CHERRY-RED.

Dominant color. Carmine-Lake^ mixed with rose lake and vermilion,
as in Nos. 1, 2 and 3 of the colored table.

54. Camellia AucubcefoUa. — Leaves two and one half inches broad and

56 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA.

four and one half long, ovate, oblong, very acuminate, and very conspicuous
nerves, of a deep green and striped, or spotted with yellow, like the Aucuha
Japonica; bud oblong, scales calycinal, greenish j flower three inches in di-
ameter, double, well displayed, color cherry-red. No. 1 j and very near the
form of that of C. Coccinea. — Very beautiful.

55. C. Amerstia. — Leaves one inch and ten lines broad and three inches
long, elongated, oval, acuminate, finely dentatedj bud of medium size,
scales yellowish, flower of medium size, double, of a carmine rose, or cherry-
red. No. 1. — Pretty.

56. C. Amaena. — Stock erect, branches straight, leaves ovate, oblong,
slightly dentatedj flower a little double, color, cherry-red. No. 2; petals
of the circumference regularly arranged, those of the centre irregular and
shorter. The flowers assume very much the form of a shuttle-cock. — Hand-
some.

57. C. Augusta. — Leaves rather large, a little curled, finely dentated,
multi-nerved, of an obscure green; bud oblong, acute, scales calycinal and
green J flower of a medium size, irregular, double, of a beautiful cherry red,
No. 3j petals elongate, erect, and slightly crenate at the summit; those of
the centre entire, acuminate and irregularly disposed. — Pretty.

58. C. Aluntii superba^ or Almets superba. — A shrub of an agreeable
port; leaves two and a half inches wide and three and a half long, roundish,
oval, reclined and rolled downwards, nerves strongly marked; but quite
plump, oblong, scales yellowish, flower about three inches in diameter,
double, of a cherry-red. No. 2; petals quite regular, not numerous, and
much imbricated, forming a pretty rosette. — Very handsome.

59. C. BuckUana. — Leaves two and a half inches wide and three inches
two lines long, roundish, oval, a little acuminate, the borders rather deeply
dentated, and of a deep green; flower full, two and a half inches in di-
ameter; petals of the circumference in three rows, broad, of a cherry-red.
No. 1 ; those of the centre, numerous, smaller, unequal compact, well ar-
ranged, of a delicate rose, sometimes striped with white, and occasionally
pure rose. — Very beautiful,

60. C. Belle Rosalie. — Leaves curled, slightly acuminate, nerves very
opponent; bud large, oval, scales yellowish; flower large, three and a half
inches in diameter, semi-double, of a carmine red. No. 2; petals broad, in

MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 57

number 25 to 30, mixed with many stamens, petals sometimes appear in
the middle, rolled spirally in the form of a helix. — Passable.

61. C. Brooksiana. — Leaves two and a half inches wide and two inches
and two lines long, roundish, oval, almost cordiform, horizontal, sometimes
spotted with yellow, nerves conspicuous and of an obscure green j bud large,
oblong, scales green at the base of the calyx and whitish at the summit j
flower of a medium size, two and a half inches in diameter, semi-double, at
first rose, and passing immediately to cherry-red. No. 2j petals broad, not
numerous, displayed gracefully j flower of the form of that of C. roides
Pays-Bas; a few stamens in the centre. — Handsome.

62. C. Belle Henriette. — Leaves of a medium size, ovate, lanceolate, a
little spotted on the superior surface, of a deep green j bud with yellowish
scales J flower double, two and a half inches in diameter, often larger,
cherry-red. No. 3 j petals well arranged, imbricated and rather numerous. —
Handsome.

63. C. Berlesiana rubra. — Leaves of a medium size, like those of C.
Rubra simplexy but of a deeper green; bud oval, acute, quite plump, scales
brown; flower of medium size, double, of a beautiful cherry-red. No. 4;
form regular, and a little arched or dome form ; petals roundish and slightly
rumpled.

The Horticultural Society, of Paris, has dedicated this pretty variety to
the author, who obtained it from the seed, in 1831.

64. C. Blanda. — Leaves sixteen lines wide and three inches long, round-
ish, oval, more narrow at the summit, flat, very finely dentated, rather
thick, of a dirty green; flower tolerably large, full, of a cherry-red, No. 3;
petals of the circumference broad, expanded, crenated at the summit, some-
times striped with white; those of the centre small and united in a fascicle.
— V ery beautiful.

65. Boumanni. — Leaves roundish, oval, like those of C. Pinck^ but al-
most flat, and of a greyish green; bud with blackish scales; flower large,
double, of a cherry-red. No. 3; which becomes deeper, as it expands; ex-
terior petals arranged in several rows, imbricated; those of the centre small
and a little twisted. — Very beautiful.

66. C. Crassinervia. — Leaves large, ovate-lanceolate, strongly nerved,
of an obscure green; wood vigorous; bud large, scales yellowish; flower of a

58 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA.

medium size, very double, irregular, cherry-red, No. 3, sometimes of a
clear red, slightly marked with white j petals generally roundish, and cre-
nated at the summit j those of the centre rumpled, and deformed; stamens
sometimes apparent, and at others demi-transformed. — Beautiful.

61. C. Cliviana. — Leaves two inches two lines wide and three and a half
long, ovate-oblong, acuminate, near, numerous, much dentated, erect and of
a muddy green; bud very large, oval, obtuse, scales green; sepals brown at
the base and yellowish at the summit; flower very large, four and a half
inches in diameter, double, cupform, sometimes rose, No. 4, and often of a
cherry-red. No. 2, more or less brilliant, according to the season. The
petals of the first row, are six in number, eighteen lines broad and twenty-
four long, concave or channelled, forming a star and crenated at the summit;
those of the next rows, long, oval, acute, and affecting the same disposition;
those of the centre, swollen and tufted as in the Anemonxflora, and form-
ing an elevated and irregular heart, about one inch and a half in diameter;
some of these last are striped with white. — Magnificent.

68. C. Chamlerii. — Leaves two and a half inches wide and three and a
half long, oval, a little acute, oblong, acuminate, finely dentate; bud round-
ish— oval, scales green; flower large, double, regular, of a cherry-red. No.
3; petals imbricated and rounded at the summit; stamens in part demi-
transformed. — Very handsome.

69. C. Conchifiora. — Leaves two inches wide and three and a half long,
oval, and little acute, reclined, numerous, of a pale green; bud small, scales
green; flower two and a half inches in diameter, of a cherry red. No. 3,
regular; petals sometimes marked with white, like those of C. Coccinea, and
spirally arranged. — Beautiful.

70. C. Conchifiora nova. — Leaves roundish — oval, of a medium size and
pale green; nerves stout and prominent; flower of a medium size, semi-
double; fifteen to twenty petals of a cherry red. No. 4; petals almost entire,
unequal, irregular and elongate. — Pretty.

7 1 . C. Cramoisina Pamentieri. — Leaves two and a half inches wide and
about four long, a little acuminated, inclined towards the stock, reflex very
like those of the C. Althece fiora, finely dentated, almost flat: bud of medium
size, oblong, scales green; flower large, double, cherry-red. No. 2; exterior
petals six, broad, crenate at the summit; the others tufted, numerous, ar-

MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 59

ranged in fascicles, leaning upon each other, striped with white at their
summit and form a regular ball j corolla very near the form and size of the
Anemones flora. — Very beautiful.

72. C. Celsisana. — ^Leaves large, lanceolate 3 dispersed, curled inward j
bud large, oblong, acute j flower single, red, large. There is in Paris, under
this name, another Camellia^ which is double, of a rose color, and very
beautiful. The English have sent it to us under the name of s-pectabilis. —
See this name.

73. C. Charles Auguste. — Leaves two inches wide and three long, round-
ish oval, nerves very apparent, of a muddy green j bud elongated, scales
green J flower three inches in diameter, semi-double, of a beautiful cherry-
red. No. 3, well formed; petals broad, rounded, warbled, or rather spotted
with white; those of the first row of the circumference, are reflexed upon
the calyx with regularity; the others elevated and curled; a few stamens in
the centre. — Superb.

74. C. Conchata. — Leaves two inches wide and three and a half long,
reflected at the summit, strongly nerved, of a deep green; bud elongate;
flower rather large, double, of a delicate rose, sometimes of a vivid red. —
Passable.

75. C. Colla. — Quite a vigorous shrub; branches slim; leaves medium,
resembling a little those of Camellia Rubra simplex; flower double, medium,
well formed, of a handsome cherry-red. — Pretty.

16. C. Carolus. — Leaves two inches and three lines wide and three
inches long, roundish-oval, much veined, nerves conspicuous; bud oval, de-
pressed at the summit, scales green; flower small, almost double, of a
cherry-red. No. 1 , of a pretty form. — Distinguished.

11 . C. Camftoniana. — Leaves small, one inch and a half wide and two
inches seven lines long, roundish-oval, a little acute, numerous, near, ele-
vated, of an obscure green, bud oval, scales yellowish ; flower medium, semi-
double, regular, at first, rose, No. 4, and then clear cherry-red; corolla well
formed; some stamens in the centre. — Very Pretty.

78. C. Decora. — Leaves two and a half inches wide and three and a half
long, obtuse-oval, almost round, dentated, a little veined, of an obscure
green, very glossy; bud very large, scales whitish at the summit and dark
yellow at the base of the calyx; flower four and a half inches in diameter.

60 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA.

double, cherry-red, No. 3 j petals of the exterior in three rows, almost two
inches broad, reflex, festooned, crenated rather deeply at the summit j those
of the interior small, rumpled, short, forming a large centre and contain-
ing some concealed stamens j flower depressed, like that of C. Elegans
Chandlerii. — Magnificent.

79. C. Dorseni or Parthoniana. — Leaves large, ovate, lanceolate, very
acuminate, flat, near together, of a handsome shining green j sometimes
spotted with yellow; bud very large, rounded j scales of a yellowish green,
flower very large, nearly five inches in diameter, very full, of a pale cherry-
red. No. 1 ; mixed with several shades of rose, or white; petals large, close,
imbricated, irregular, numerous; those of the centre smaller, arranged with-
out order, marked with red and white spots. This flower, which is of a
rosette form, blooms with difficulty. — Magnificent.

80. C. Dionthifioray Cario-phy lice florae Knightiiy or Carnation warrata;
it is the same as the C. Knightii.

8 1. C. Excelsiana. — Leaves two and a half inches wide and three and a
half long, oval, acuminate, a little carmined, nerves very salient, of a deep
green; bud oval, acute, scales green; flower from two and a half to three
inches in diameter, double, of a cherry-red, No. 3 ; petals reflex, not numer-
ous; those of the circumference rather broad, those of the centre small,
rumpled, confused, and intermingled with stamens. — Passable.

82. C. Exoniensis. — Branches short, leaves of a medium size, roundish,
oval, acuminate, a little carmined, thick, deeply dentated, almost all curled,
or undulating and reflexed, nerves small, of a deep green; bud elongated
like that of C. Variegata plena; scales calycinal, at first green, and then black-
ish ; flower in the form of a rose, very large, four inches in diameter, double,
of a pretty cherry-red, No. 2, which changes gradually from the delicate to
the vivid; petals well arranged, broad, erect, and distorted; those of the
centre a little rumpled, and striped with white; a few stamens which are
nearly all abortive and in the petaloid state. — Superb.

83. C. Elegans Chandlerii. — Leaves large, two inches broad and four
long, ovate, lanceolate, nerves not very apparent, much dentated, and of a
dirty green; bud large, rounded, scales greenish; flower very large, very
double, of a cherry-red. No. 2 ; three inches and ten lines in diameter, and
sometimes more; petals of the exterior, to the number of twenty, large.

MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 61

oval, red, veined with rose, and often spotted with white j those of the in-
terior rows, to the number of from 140 to 160, long, narrow, numerous, ar-
ranged in fascicles, striped with rose, which united form a depressed sphere.
— Magnificent.

84. C. Elegantissima. — Leaves a little crenated on the border summit
very acute j some of them a little warped, or undulating, of a deep green,
very glossy j flower full, three and a half inches in diameter, of a handsome
cherry, No. 1 ; sometimes of a rose tint, shaded with carmine j petals of the
circumference in two rows, large, imbricated, and form a regular cup j those
of the centre numerous, folded like a demi-cornet, compact and even, afford-
ing together, a very rich group and of a pleasing form. There is another
Camellia under this name, the ground of which is white, striped with red.
See this name at the end. — Very handsome.

85. C. Elegans. — Shrub vigorous, branches numerous, erect j leaves
broad, deeply dentated, terminated by a long point, borders rolled backj
bud acute j scales blackish j flower large, single, of an ordinary cherry-red j
petals veined with purple, and rather deeply notched at the summit. There
is another variety, of this name, with a double flower, which is very hand-
some.

86. C. Em-pereur d' Austrkhe. — Leaves very large, oval, dentate, of an
obscure green j nerves very salient j bud large, oval, with greenish scales at
the base, and white at the summit j flowers three inches in diameter, double,
of a cherry-red, No. 3, on blooming, and more clear afterwards; petals re-
curved, equally imbricated, a few in the centre, small, curled, marked with
white and intermixed with stamens, which are unequal in height. — Very
handsome.

87. G. Florida. — Leaves of a medium size, near, roundish-oval, re-
curved, finely dentated; bud large, scales blackish; flower three inches in
diameter, full, regular, of a cherry-red. No. 2, petals handsomely imbri-
cated, slightly crenated at the summit; those of the centre in the form of a
cockle shell, often only half developed, which has occasioned the name of
bird's nest to be sometimes given to this variety. (C. Nidus ovis.) — Superb.

88. C. Fascicularis. — Leaves pretty large, oval-elongate, deeply den-
tated, handsomely veined, of various sizes and of a deep green; flower small,
regular, of a cherry-red, No. 2; petals bifid, handsomely imbricated, ar-

62 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA.

ranged in three rows, and a little recurved j some of them marked with a
white spot J stamens abortive or petaloid, united in a fascicle around the
styles, which sometimes appear in that form. — Pretty.

89. C. Flaccida. — Leaves rather large, handsomely arranged, of a beau-
tiful green, shrub gracefully formed j flower single, red, not remarkable.

90. C. Fordii. — Shrub vigorous; gracefully branched; leaves two and a
quarter inches broad and three long, ovate-acuminate, near, shining, of a
deep green; flower broad, very double, regular, clear cherry. No. 3, three
inches in diameter; petals imbricated; large, crenated at the summit, and
arranged near each other with admirable symmetry. — Stiferb.

91. C. Fulgentissima. — Leaves two inches broad and three long, hori-
zontal, very acuminated, and of a delicate green; somewhat large, rounded;
flower double, very large, three and a half inches in diameter, of a cherry-
red. No. 3; exterior petals in three rows, broad; those of the middle long,
narrow, near, slit into narrow strips, crowded, arranged in a curved line,
striped with white and intermixed with stamens; this flower resembles that
of C. CUuiana. — Su-perb.

92. C. Fonnosa. — Leaves two inches broad and three and a half long,
with very conspicuous nerves, ovate-lanceolate, acuminated, of a shining
green; bud ovate-oblong, with greenish scales; flower very large, double, of
a beautiful clear cherry-red, No. 1 ; form elegant. — Superb.

93. C. Formosissima. — Leaves two and a half inches wide and three
long, ovate-oblong, some obtuse, others lanceolate, horizontal, thick, multi-
nerved, of a dark green; bud obtuse, with greenish scales; flower full, three
inches in diameter, of a clear rose-lake color at first, and afterward cherry-
red. No, 3, petals of the circumference in three rows, broad, much crenated,
reflexed upon the calyx; the others smaller, narrow, erect, numerous, irregu-
larly arranged. — Superb.

94. C. Fraseri. — Leaves oval, a little acuminate, recurved, nerves promi-
nent, deeply dentated, of a dull green; flower large, full, of a brilliant red.
— Magnificent.

95. C. Gigantea. — Shrub vigorous, of a magnificent appearance; leaves
large, three and a half wide and four and a half long, ovate, lanceolate, slight-
ly acuminate, firm, thick, deeply dentated, of a dull green, bud oval, obtuse,
as large as a pigeon's tggy before it blooms, scales green; flower four and a

MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 63

half inches in diameter, very double, of a pale red, sometimes rose, and
opens with considerable difficulty} exterior petals very numerous, arranged
in three rowsj those of the centre short, less numerous, broad and imbri-
cated in a rosette, whitish, intermingled with stamens. — Superb.

96. C. Grandiflom simplex. — Leaves of a medium size, ovate, lanceolate,
form and color of those of the single red Camellia j bud roundish, scales
green j flower single, red, large, bears seed. Mr. Noisette has obtained from
the seed a Camellia, very like this, but the flower is larger. There is also a
Grandifiora with double flowers which is very handsome.

97. C. Gloriosa. — The branches of this shrub are slim and greyish}
leaves of a medium size, oval, acute, reflex, flat, of a beautiful shining green}
bud small, scales blackish } flower two and a half inches in diameter, double,
regular, of a beautiful cherry color, No. 2} petals irregular, distorted,
rumpled, spirally arranged around some abortive styles and stamens in the
centre. — Very beautiful.

98. C. Hollesia. — Leaves large, oblong, much dentated, a little elevated,
of a beautiful green} but small, elongate} flower pretty large, double, rose
color. No. 2} the first row of the petals in the circumference, recurved, acu-
minated, imbricated distantly} those of the middle small, twisted, striped
with white, a few abortive stamens. — Handsome.

99. C. Husseyussoni. — Leaves two and a half inches broad, and three
and a half long, roundish oval, a little acuminated, multinerved, a little
curled, reflexed, of a rather deep green} bud with green scales} flower large,
semi-double, of a cherry-red, No. 1 } petals of the circumference arranged in
two rows and rather broad} those of the interior, long, narrow, erect, not
numerous, intermixed with some stamens. — Pretty.

100. C. Hosackia. — A shrub which resembles in its port, the C. Rubra
plefMy of which it is an hybrid, and more elegant} the leaves are broad and
of a little deeper green} bud oblong, large, obtuse, always green} flower
more than four inches in diameter, very double, of a splendid scarlet color}
it blooms with regularity. — Very beautiful.

101. C. Hibbertia. — Leaves very large, thick, firm or stiff, very glossy,
flat, and of an obscure green, some of them are curled and almost all are
recurved upon their branches} bud oblong, scales yellowish, its development

64 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA.

very late j flower of medium size, semidouble, of a cherry-red, No. 1 ; petals
large, mixed with many stamens. — Passable.

102. C. Herbertn. — Foliage beautiful, and port very vigorous j bud
elongate, scales greenish} flower rather large, semi-double, of a cherry-red,
No. 2; petals broad, numerous and crowded; some stamens in the centre. —
Passable.

103. C. Heterofhylla. — A robust shrub, bushy, slim, leaves elongate,
recurved, of medium size, deformed, irregularly dentatedj bud long, point-
ed, scales greenish} flower small, semi-double, cherry-red. No. 3} petals of
the circumference in two rows, cordiformj those of the interior small, elon-
gated, curved inwards and outwards, sometimes spotted with white; many
fertile stamens in the centre. — Passable.

104. C. Humboldtjana. — Leaves oval, acuminated, very like those of
C. Emperor of Austria; but of medium size, scales green; flower large,
double, of a cherry-red. No. 2; which changes immediately to a delicate
rose; blooms abundantly for a long time. — Very beautiful.

105. C. Hybrida Colorata. — Port rather graceful; wood of the branches
blackish, leaves two inches wide and two inches eight lines long, oval, a little
rolled up, point reversed, nerves salient; those of the middle, especially,
very distinct; bud large, scales green; flower of minimum size, of a cherry-
red. No. 2; often spotted with white, semi-double, petals erect, rounded,
mixed with stamens. — Passable.

106. C. Imbrkata. — Leaves two inches wide and four long, ovate,
leaves lanceolate, curled, undulating, finely dentated, and of a dull green ;
bud, spherical, rather large, scales greenish; flower large, perfectly round,
of a cherry-red, No. 2; shaded with carmine-lake; petals from 70 to 75,
regularly imbricated, oval, broad, terminating in a point at the summit;
those of the centre a little striped, or marked with white; is a long time in
bloom. — Magnificent.

107. C. Insignis alba. — Leaves oval, a little lanceolate, one inch and
ten lines wide, and four long; smooth, reclined, rolled up on the sides, and
of a yellowish green; flower large, three and a half inches in diameter, sin-
gle, of a cherry-red, No. 3; six petals in the circumference, sometimes
spotted with white; petaloid stamens, whitish, slightly striped, with a pale
red. — Passable.

MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 65

108. C. Insignis de Tat — Leaves two inches wide and three inches and
four lines long, oblong, very acuminate, close, almost flatj finely and regu-
larly dentated, of an obscure greeny flower semi-double, two and a half
inches in diameter j of a cherry-red. No. 4j petals imbricated, those of the
centre small, and mixed with stamens. — Charming.

109. C. Insignis rubra. — Leaves large, three inches wide, and four long,
roundish-oval, slightly acuminated, reflex 5 bud large, depressed, scales
blackish j flower large, four inches and more in diameter, single, of a bril-
liant carmine red 5 seven rounded petals j many abortive stamens, or half
transformed petals striped with white in the centre 5 pistils much larger than
the stamens. The last flowers of this variety do not resemble the first. —
Very beautiful.

110. C. Iddebiana. — Leaves very nearly resembling those of C. Rubra
simplex; flower vase-form, large, double, regularly formed, of a deep
orange-red. No. 1 ; petals, not numerous, broad, elevated, intermixed with
short stamens. — Swperb.

111. C. Knightii eximia. — Leaves small, close, oval, very acuminate,
reflex at the extremity; much veined and of a dull green j bud at first elon-
gate, pointed, oblong and obtuse, some days before its devlopment; flower
semi-double, two and a half inches in diameter, at first rose, No. 4; and at a
later period cherry-red. No. 2; exterior petals, imbricated, a little marked
with white: those of the centre smaller, rumpled, intermixed with stamens.
— Passable.

112. C. Latifolia nova. — Leaves three inches wide, and about the same
in length, and in a manner imbricated, rounded at the base, point recurved,
glossy, and much nerved j flower vase-form, three inches in diameter, of a
cherry-red. No. 3; interior petals irregular, festooned and curled j those of
the exterior often with two or three roundish lobes. — Suferb.

113. C. Lambertii. — Leaves very much like those of C. Rubra flena;
flowers large, semi-double, and often single, cherry-red. No. 3. — Passable.

114. C. Macro-phylla. — There are offered for sale, by the nurserymen,
several varieties of Camellia, under this name 3 the oldest has a single flower,
and of but little merit; the second has very beautiful foliage, and a small
semi-double insignificant flower j the third resembles, much, C. Humboldti-
ana; the fourth and last, and which I consider the true, has leaves, four

66 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA.

inches wide and five and a half long, roundish-oval, nerves very salient, and
of a beautiful green j flower very well formed, of a cherry-red. No. 1 j petals
rounded, broad, those of the centre rumpled, distorted, and spirally ar-
ranged j some very short stamens in the middle j corolla three and a half
inches in diameter. — Superb.

115. C. Miss Rosa. — A very vigorous shrub j leaves horizontal, oval,
almost round, two inches and four lines wide, and four inches long, acumi-
nate, very much dentated, thick, strong nerves j petiole longer than in the
other varieties: buds numerous, pointed, like those of C. Variegata plena;
flower two and a half inches in diameter, semi-double, of a cherry red. No.
1 ; exterior petals, to the number of from eight to ten, very broad j those of
the centre small, depressed, and arranged in spirals j blooms full and easily.
— Very beautiful.

11 6. C. Magni flora simplex. — Leaves very nearly like those of the single
red Camellia} port pyramidal, vigorous and elegant} flower five inches in
diameter} single, of a cherry-red. No. 2} many stamens in the centre. Mr.
Tamporet obtained it from the seed — Very beautiful.

117. C. Mutabilis Traversii. — A vigorous shrub} leaves large, of a
beautiful green, a little curled, resembling those of C. Rubra plena^ nerves
very conspicuous} flower regular, double, very large, three and a half inches
in diameter, at first, on expanding, of a delicate rose tint, immediately it
becomes deeper, and shaded with violet} petals from 60 to 70, the exterior
side of which is margined with white, and most of them are traversed by a
whitish line, which regularly extends from the extremity to the claw. —
Superb.

118. C. Nannetensis. — Leaves rather large, obtuse-oval, reflex, a little
acuminated, veined, of a faded green} flower double, handsomely imbri-
cated, two and a half inches in diameter, cherry-red. No. 1, sometimes dark-
er} petals not numerous, arranged in a vase form, nearly all equal. — Very
pretty.

119. C. New-imported. — Leaves very nearly like those of C. Rawsiana;
bud rounded, scales blackish} flower of medium size, double, well formed,
of a cherry-red, No. 2. — Very beautiful.

120. C. Osburnea. — Leaves one inch and three lines wide and three
inches six lines long, oblong, glossy, flat, a little acuminated, recurved to-

MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 67

wards the stock, and in an imbricated manner, very finely dentatedj bud
pointed-oval} scales calycinal, greenish} flower large, of a cherry-red. No. 1,
like that of C. C onto fhy lice jioruy that is, composed of eight petals in the
circumference, many single or petaloid stamens, short, united in a compact
fascicle, striped with pale red, and forming a depressed bowl-formed cor-
olla.— Pretty.

121. C. Oxoniensis. — A very vigorous shrub} branches large and shoot-
ing out far, leaves roundish-oval, very acuminate, regularly dentate} bud
large, oval, scales greenish, sometimes black at the summit} flower large,
double, four inches in diameter, of an intense rose, very difficult to describe}
exterior petals arranged around and toward the centre, recurved, narrowed
towards the claws, very broad in the limb, regularly placed in a vase-form }
those of the centre small, straight, irregularly marked with rose and white,
which gives a peculiar character of beauty to this flower. The sexual organs
are apparent, some of the stamens petaloid. — Superb.

122. C. Ornata. — Leaves medium, horizontal, of a handsome green}
bud large, scales almost black} flower large, broad, double, of a cherry-red,
mixed with a delicate violet. No. 3, well formed, having some resemblance
to that of C. Rosa sinensis. — Beautiful.

123. C. Percy ce. — Leaves large, roundish-oval, stiff, of a blackish green}
bud oblong, scales greenish } flower large, single, cherry-red. No. 1 } stamens
numerous, dispersed, and very regularly recurved, instead of being straight
and confined in fascicles, as in the C. Aitonia; this disposition of the sta-
mens gives it the form of the interior of the blossom of a Passiflora. —
Curious.

124. C. Pencillata. — Leaves two inches wide and four long, ovate-
lanceolate, very dentate, almost flat, of a beautiful green} bud rather large,
scales green} flower two and a half inches in diameter, semi-double, of a
cherry-red. No. 3 } petals of the circumference reflexed upon the calyx, the
others elevated as in the C. Rex Batavi^. A few stamens in the centre. —
Pretty.

125. C. Parthoniana. Sec C. Dorsetti.

126. Preston-eclipse. — ^The leaves have a faint resemblance to those of
C. Imperialism as have also the buds} flower three inches and three lines in
diameter, sometimes of a clear rose, No. 1 , striped with white, like the C.

68 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA.

Punctata plena j now and then of a pure cherry-red, No. 4, as in the Camellia
Pseonisefloraj exterior petals, not numerous, large, recurved j those of the
interior narrow, erect, slashed, striped, spiral, and form a depressed sphere.
— Swperb.

127. C. Pamdoxa. — Leaves two inches wide and three and a half long,
roundish-oval, nerves conspicuous j flower large, single, regular, of a clear
cherry-red. No. 5^ petals slightly undulate, crenated at the summit j fila-
ments of the stamens united for half their length. — Passable.

128. C. Pulchella. — Leaves small, of a pale green 5 bud with blackish
scales J flower small, semi-double, of a cherry-red. No. 1 j petals straight. —
Passable.

129. C. P^eonicefiora rubra. — A vigorous shrub, has a tendency to grow
tall, and requires to be pruned to give it a handsome formj leaves two inches
wide, and two and eleven lines long, a little dentated, oval, acuminated,
shining, of rather a deep green 5 bud large, rounded, scales green 5 flower
four and a half inches in diameter, and sometimes larger, of a vivid rose.
No. 4, often of a cherry-red. No. 2, fullj petals flat in the circumference j in
the centre large, and in form of a cornet, numerous, narrow, close, forming
an elevated centre. — Suferb.

130. C. Parcksii striped. — Leaves small, an inch and a half wide and two
long, reflex, recurved at the summit, nerves apparent, but small, of an ob-
scure green, surface uneven; bud with green scales j flower large, double, of
a cherry-red. No. 2, at first, and afterwards rose; petals of the circumfer-
ence broad, finely crenated at the summit; some stamens in the centre; this
flower resembles, a little, that of C. Rosa sinensis. — Handsome.

131. C. Palmerii rubra. — Leaves of a medium size, of the kind of those
of C. Lucida; flower rather small, double, of a cherry-red. No. 3. — Passable.

132. C. Plumonia. — Leaves two inches wide and three and a half long,
roundish-oval, a little mucronate, thick, regularly dentated at the summit,
and irregularly at the base, of a sombre green; bud elongate, scales green;
of a medium size; flower of a medium size, single, cherry-red. No. 2; petals
to the number of from five to seven, broad, stamens single, mixed with
others half transformed into petals. — Rather insignificant.

133. C. Reine des Pays-Bas. — Leaves near, shining like those of C.

MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 69

Rubra simplex; bud with calycinal scales, greenish j flower three inches in
diameter, double, clear cherry-red, No. 2j petals of the circumference re-
curved and rumpled; those of the centre erect and distorted. — Passable.

134. C. Radiata. — Leaves of a medium size, ovate-lanceolate, of a faded
green, nearly nerveless j bud rounded, depressed, scales blackish at the base,
and whitish at the summit; flower two inches and ten lines in diameter, full,
regular, of a delicate cherry-red, No. 1 ; petals handsomely imbricated,
forming a cup, as in C. Florida. — Passable.

135. C. Rosa sinensis. — A shrub with greyish branches; leaves large,
near, strongly nerved, oval, acuminate, regularly dentate, recurved towards
the stalk, of a deep green; bud rather large, in form and color like those of
the C. Variegata 'plena; flower three inches and three lines, and sometimes
more, in diameter, full, regular, of a cherry-red. No. 2, sometimes rose;
exterior petals recurved, and a little irregular in the limb; those of the cen-
tre narrower, and a little rumpled; some of them striped with white and
clear rose. — Superb.

136. *C. Reticulata. — This Camellia came from China. It is considered
by all botanists as a distinct species. It differs, in all respects, from C.
Japonica, by its rounded, flat, and strongly reticulated leaves, as well as by
its silken ovary, which is not to be found in the other species; bud very large,
conical, two inches long before it opens; calyx pentaphyllous, of a yellowish
green; leaves oblong, acuminate, reticulate, dentate, of a deep green; flower
very large, five inches in diameter, semi-double; petals, in number from
twenty to twentythree, undulated and inserted in a loose and irregular man-
ner, of a bright cherry-red, No. 2, shaded with rose; stamens numerous and
irregularly placed, some erect and others curved; anthers broad, of a dull
brownish yellow, which but illy comports with the splendor of the petals.
This flower much resembles that of P^onia arborea rosea, when this is only
semi-double, which is often the case; of the same color and the same form. —
Magnificent.

137. C. Rubricaulis. — A vigorous shrub, and of a handsome port; leaves
two and a half inches wide and three and a half long, roundish-oval, near,
thick, broad teeth and conspicuous nerves, of a deep green; bud ovate-
oblong, scales yellowish; flower semi-double, two and a half inches in di-

70 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA.

ameter, of a regular form, cherry-red, No. 3^ petals rounded, broad, dis-
persed j corolla in the form of a vasej many stamens in the centre. It is
known in the commerce of flowers, by the name of C. Rubricaulis Variegata;
but this is the same as the common C. Rubricaulis, which has marbled flowers
when it is forced to bloom early in a very warm green-house. This peculi-
arity of producing variegated flowers, has been remarked in several varie-
ties of the red flowered Camellias, whenever they are submitted to an ele-
vated temperature, to make them bloom before their natural epoch. The
C. Chandleniy SfectabiliSy Coccinea^ Rex BatavuBy Afl^ Rosa sinensis, Cor-
ollina, Belesiana, Wiltonia, Rubra flena, and others, experience this change.
The Variegata -plena is more marbled, or variegated in winter, than in the
spring.

138. C. Rosa punctata. — Leaves two inches wide and two and a half long,
roundish-oval, acuminate, near, horizontal, regularly dentated, of rather a
deep green j flower three inches in diameter, double, well formed, of a
cherry-red. No. 2, with some white spots. — Very handsome.

139. C. Rosi^fiora. — Leaves two inches wide and three and two lines
long, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, some of them rolled back, conspicuously
nerved, and of a handsome green j bud rather large, oblong, elongate, scales
green i flower regular, double, two and a half inches in diameter, cherry-red.
No. 2 J petals rather numerous, ovate-oblong, well imbricated, in a rose-
form j a few stamens. — Handsome.

140. C. Scintillous. — Leaves two inches wide and two and ten lines
long, oval, a little acuminated; nerves apparent, of an ordinary green; bud
rather large, a little pointed, scales yellowish; flower three and a half inches
in diameter, double, cherry-red. No. 1 ; petals shaded with red and rose,
long, narrow, handsomely imbricated. — Very handsome.

141. C. Senicea. — There exist in commerce three different varieties un-
der this name; the foliage of the first resembles that of C. Florida; bud
large, roundish, depressed, scales yellowish ; flower large, full, of a cherry-
red. No. 2, opening gradually in the form of a cup; petals of the circum-
ference, arranged in several rows, broad, rounded, imbricated; those of the
other rows are much smaller, but of the form of the preceding, a little

MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 71

rumpled in the centre, sometimes striped with white, a little twisted, and
contains two or three stamens. — It is a superb variety.

The second variety has leaves two inches wide and three long, ovate-
lanceolate, very acuminate, of a faded green j flower large, of a cherry-red,
No. 2, very double, well formed j petals well arranged, and imbricated regu-
larly.— Swperb.

The third variety has rather large leaves, inclined towards the earth,
and of a pale green, the flower is composed of seven large petals in the cir-
cumference} the petals of the middle very nearly like those of C. Anemonw-
■jlora. — Passable.

142. C. Swperba. — Leaves roundish-oval, two inches wide and two and
a half long, dentated and a little undulated, thick, of a dull green j flower
large, semi-double, in the form of a broad cup, of a beautiful cherry. No. 3 j
a few stamens are found intermixed with the small petals. — Passable.

143. Staminea simplex, or Pinckolor. — Leaves very large, three inches
and three lines wide and four inches and three lines long, roundish-oval,
stiff, thick, a little acuminated, strong nerves, of a pale green j bud very
large, oblong, obtuse, scales yellowish, flowers four inches in diameter,
single, of a cherry-red. No. 2, sometimes darker} stamens numerous} anthers
large} fllaments short. — Very beautiful.

144. C. Sophiana (Poit.) — Shrub vigorous} leaves oval, slightly acumi-
nated, dentated rather deeply, of a handsome green} bud large, conical}
flower cherry-red. No. 2, semi-full, three and a half inches in diameter}
petals from 15 to 20, broad, well imbricated, reflex towards the summit,
convex in the middle and concave at the base} petals of the centre disposed
as in the corolla of a lily} the filaments of the stamens are divided into five
or six divergent fascicles. Obtained from the seed by Mr. Mathieu, of
Paris, and named by Mr. Poiteau. — Very handsome.

145. Thunbergia. — Leaves one inch and eleven lines broad and three
inches long, oval, a little acuminated, obscurely veined, slightly recurved
interiorly, flat at the summit, and of a beautiful glossy green} bud oblong,
scales greenish} flower two and a half inches in diameter, semi-double,
cherry-red, No. 2, of the form of Camellia Florida, but less double} petals
of the centre curled and distorted} pistils apparent. — Superb.

72 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA.

146. C. Sfatulatce. — Leaves rather large 5 buds with dark yellow scales j
flower large, single, cherry-red, No. 3j petals elongate, bifid, spatulate,
hollowed into gutters having the summit a little recurved j bears seed. —
Beaut'tjul.

147. C. Trimnphans- — Leaves two and a half inches wide and three
long, roundish-oval, slightly acuminated, nerves very distinct, a little un-
dulated towards the middle, thick, very like those of the Colvillii; bud
spherical, depressed at the summit, and as large as a small walnut, before
it expands into blossom j scales calycinal, large, thick, rounded, of a yellow-
ish color J flower three and a half inches in diameter, very full, regular,
cherry-red. No. 1, gradually shaded with a pure rose, whose intenseness di-
minishes from the circumference to the centre j petals large, a little recurved
at the exterior extremity, imbricated gracefully, slightly veined with red and
rose 3 sometimes the petals of the centre, which are small, are striped with
white. — MagnificenL

148. C. Warraia striata. — Leaves lanceolate, two inches wide and four
long, acuminated, the borders turned up and forming a kind of spoon, of a
glossy greeny bud very large, oblong, scales clear green 3 flower broad, ir-
regular, of a cherry-red. No. 1, often pale or dark, and spotted with white;
petals six, broad, deeply crenated at the summit, folded back on the calyx,
and separated from those of the centre, which are all composed of petaloid
stamens, red, regular, forming a bowl. — Very handsome.

149. C. Venus tissama. — Leaves roundish-oval, like those of C. Masterii,
two inches and eight lines wide and three long; flower of the Anemone,
large, semi-double, cherry-red. No. 2, sometimes striped with white lines. —
Charming.

150. C. Woodtiana. — Leaves two inches wide and three long, lanceolate,
acuminate, regularly and finely dentatedj bud small, scales green; flower
medium, double, of a cherry-red. No. 2. — Passable.

151. C. Woodsii. — Leaves twenty lines wide and three inches and ten
lines long; lanceolate, acuminated, a little dentated, of a deep green; hand-
some port; bud very large, oblong, scales blackish; flower very large, three
inches in diameter, petals unequal.

This flower resembles a Provence rose; blooms with difficulty. — Superb.

MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 73

FIRST GAMUT.

UNICOLORS.

DEEP CHERRY-RED,

Dominant color. — Carmine mixed with more or less Vermilion, as in
Nos. 4, 5, 6 and 7 of the colored table.

152. Camellia Alexandriana. — Leaves two inches and eight lines wide
and three and a half long, ovate, oblong, lanceolate, canaliculate j reflex,
teeth very distant, of a deep green 3 flower large, three inches in diameter,
double, deep cherry-red, No. 6j a little of a violet tint, form like that of C.
Althecs-flora. — Very beautiful.

153. C. Altheceflora. — Leaves two inches six lines wide and four inches
three lines long, near, reflex, lanceolate, of a clear and grossy green j bud
obtuse, large, with reddish calycinal scales j flower broad, depressed, double,
three and a half inches in diameter, cherry-red. No. 63 petals of the circum-
ference in two rows, large, recurved, separated from those of the centre,
which are broad, short, erect, irregularly veined, notched or slit at the sum-
mit and intermixed with stamens, which are not very apparent. — Superb.

154. C. Atroviolacea. — Flower large, regular, well formed, clear red,
and afterwards deep 3 petals of the exterior rounded and acuminated j those
of the centre narrower, elongate, distorted and acute. — Passable.

155. C. Anemora mutabilUs. — Leaves two inches and three lines wide
and three inches and two lines long, flat, ovate, lanceolate, nerves not very
apparent, of a deep green j bud rather large, oblong, scales greenish; flower
three and a half inches in diameter, full, of a deep red. No. 6; inclining to
purple, darker than C. Corollinaj petals in eight rows, handsomely imbri-
cated, the exteriors broad, the others diminish in width in proportion as they
approximate to the centre, all crenated at the summit, some of them verging
towards white. — Magnificent.

156. C. Anemona Warrata rosea. — Leaves four inches long and three
wide, oval, elliptical, acute, imperfectly nerved, glossy and coriaceous, point
short; flower more than three inches in diameter, spherical, of a cherry-red.
No. 4; shaded with a purplish-rose; exterior petals large, an inch broad, not
very near, entire, a little sinuous. — Su-perb.

157. C. Blackburniana. — Leaves two inches wide and four long, oblong.

74 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA.

lanceolate, dispersed, dentated, resembling those of C. Dorsetti of a brown-
ish green J bud elongate, pointed, with greenish scales, flower large, three
inches in diameter, fullj color, deep cherry-red. No. 6j petals of the exterior
large, recurved, detached from those of the centre, which are short, near,
compact, forming an elevated heart. — Superb.

158. C. BraxilUensis. — ^Leaf handsome j shrub branched j port pyra-
midal, and very vigorous j bud with blackish scales} flower semi-double, red,
small. — Insignificant.

159. C. Berlesiana julgens. — A shrub with tortuous and greyish
branches} leaves near, numerous, of ordinary size, oval, a little acuminated,
nerves not very apparent, scarcely dentated, and somewhat like those of C.
Coccineaj bud large, elongate, scales green j opens gradually and gracefully}
flower three inches and two lines in diameter, double, rose color. No. 4}
petals, rounded, elevated, disposed in the form of a vase, not numerous,
intermixed with stamens, which are not very apparent. — Very handsome.

160. C, Concinna. — Leaves an inch and a half wide and two and a half
long, thick, roundish-oval, the summit very acute, nerves very salient, but
little dentated and of a deep green} bud pretty large, pyramidal, scales
greenish} flower more than three inches in diameter, full, hollowed in the
centre like a funnel, cherry-red. No. 4} petals gracefully imbricated, from
the centre to the circumference, reflex, and form a perfect rose. — Magnifi-
cent.

161. C. Coccinea. — Shrub pyramidal, wood greyish} leaves of medium
size, near, roundish-oval, a little acuminate, smooth, irregularly dentated}
bud somewhat large, oval, acute, scales greenish} flower axillary, large,
regular, double, of a deep cherry-red, No. 4} petals of the circumference,
imbricated, sometimes splashed with white} those of the centre small, rum-
pled, and irregularly arranged. — Very beautiful.

162. C. Aintonia. — Floy. It is a sub-variety of C. Warrata, fecundated
by C. Variegata, and obtained from the seed, by Mr. Floy of New York.
The flower of this Camellia has only a single row of large exterior petals,
which are stiff, thick, very broad, of a deep cherry-red. No. 6} the centre of
the flower is composed of narrow petals, striped red and white, among which
are seen some stamens and rudiments of pistils like those of the Warrata. —
Very beautiful.

MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 75

163. C. Corollina. — Leaves from two to three inches wide and five long,
lanceolate, acuminate, a little inclined towards the stock, sometimes consid-
erably dentated for one half, and then almost entire towards the summit, of
an obscure green j bud large, obtuse, scales yellowish j flower three and a
half inches in diameter, and often more, double, deep cherry-red. No. 6j
petals large, broad, not numerous, sometimes spotted with white j some
stamens in the centre. The seeds of this Camellia have produecd very
beautiful sub-varieties. — Superb.

164. C. Dilecta. — Leaves small, of different forms, very little dentated;
bud small, scales blackish; flower small, semi-double, of a very beautiful
deep cherry-red, No. 6 ; a few petaloid stamens is the centre. — Passable.

165. C. Dernii, or Augusts. — Leaves elongate, horizontal, profoundly
dentate; bud oval, pointed; scales yellowish; flower full, three inches in
diameter, of a handsome form, deep cherry-red. No. 4; vivid crimson; ex-
terior petals in two rows, broad, flattened, gracefully twisted, reflex, and
crenate; those of the middle, form a flattened bowl, are numerous and united
in irregular groups. — Very beautiful.

166. C. Egertonia. — Leaves oblong, acuminate, eighteen lines wide and
three and a half inches long, obscurely veined, the point inclined toward the
earth, flat, of a deep shining green; bud elongate, scales blackish on their
borders, green in the middle and whitish at the summit; flower two inches
and nine lines in diameter, full, deep cherry-red. No. 5; petals of the ex-
terior disposed in three rows, broad, recurved, much crenated at the summit;
those of the centre, smaller, unequal, separated from the first; slit into nar-
row portions, the first slit at the top, contorted, short and compact, forming
an open centre; enveloped by a few more regular petals. — Very beautiful.

167. C. Elphinstonia. — Leaves two inches four lines wide and three
inches eight lines long, roundish-oval, a little dentated; bud large, scales of
a blackish green; flower large, cherry-red. No. 5; almost poppy colored,
shaded with carmine, sometimes splashed with white, three inches in di-
ameter, heart arched; exterior petals pretty large, well arranged in a cup
and notched at the summit; those of the centre, small, numerous, rolled like
a cornet, grouped and united, presenting a regular and pleasing sphere. —
Very beautiful.

76 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA.

168. C. Flammea. — Leaves narrow, elongate j flower small, deep
cherry-red, No. 5j petals a little pointed. — Insignificant.

1 69. C. Fulgida. — Leaves two inches and one line wide and three inches
three lines long, roundish-oval, a little acuminate, reflex, nerves profound,
of a very deep green j bud large, a little elongated, scales green j flower
three and a half inches in diameter, single, deep cherry No. 6j petals 6,
broad, slightly curled, resembling those of C. Sfatulata.

170. C. Fulgens. — Leaves and port of the single C. Elegans; flower
cherry-red. No. 4^ single j stamens as in C. Aitonia; bears seed. There is a
variety which bears the same name, the flower of which is double, large and
very beautiful.

171. C. Gloria belgica. — Leaves handsome, shining, finely dentatedj
flower large, single, cherry-red. No. 4j like that of C. Pafaveracea.

172. C, Heugmaniana. — Leaves somewhat large, smooth, two inches
and two lines wide, and three inches one line long, oblong, very acuminate,
strongly nerved, very dentate, reflex, undulated, of a dull green; bud of a
medium size, obtuse, scales green j flower three inches in diameter, double,
cherry-red. No. 4 3 spherical, well formed j petals imbricated, regularly ele-
vated, pretty large; those of the centre small, a little distorted, a few sta-
mens.— Very handsome.

173. C. Hexangularis Monstruosa. — Leaves of a medium size, roundish-
oval, slightly acuminate, obscurely dentate, of an ordinary green; flower
three inches in diameter, well formed, double, of a cherry-red. No. 4. —
Suferb.

There exists an old Hexangularis^ whose leaf is small, as well as the
flower, which is of a delicate rose color, with numerous petals, visibly divided
into several angular undulations and curved inward. — Passable.

1 74. C. Ins'igms fur-purea. — Leaves large, ovate, lanceolate, reflex, of a
blackish green; bud elongate, large, scales blackish; flower large, very deep
cherry-red, No. 7 ; single, with a few abortive stamens, or transformed into
rudimental petals in the centre.

175. C. Johnsonii. — Shrub vigorous, but not much branched; leaves
broad, of a deep green and often spotted with yellow dots; bud large, thick,
scales greenish; flower semi-double, large, of a dark cherry-red. No. 4;
crimsoned more or less deeply; some of the exterior petals broad and others

MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 77

pointed, not numerous j those of the middle, lanceolate, smaller than the
first, formed into spiral and intermixed with fertile stamens. — Very hand-
some.

176. C. Knightii. — A shrub of an elegant portj leaves roundish-oval,
finely dentated, very glossy, almost flat, and of a clear green j bud large,
spherical, scales calycinal, blackish} flower large, single, of a handsome
cherry-red. No. 4} petals broad, seven in number j many stamens arranged
in fascicles, some of which are in a rudimental petaloid state j bears seed. —
Passable.

111. C. Kermesina. — Leaves two inches and three lines wide and three
and a half long, roundish-oval, strongly-nerved, of a very deep greeny bud
elongate, scales green j flower three inches in diameter } cherry-red. No. 5}
double, petals round, erect, spatulate, like those of C. RubricauUs ; a few
stamens in the centre. — Very handsome.

178. C. Lindbria. — Leaves of a medium size, ovate, lanceolate, very
acuminate, recurved at the summit, of a green similar to that of C. single
red} bud elongated, scales greenish} flower semi-double, deep cherry-red.
No. 4} like that of C. Camftoniana. There is another variety of this name,
the flower of which is large, double, of a delicate rose, resembling much that
of C. Sinensis rosea. — Suferb.

1 79. C. Lucida. — Leaves two inches wide, and three long, ovate, oblong,
a little acuminated, shining, flat, horizontal, the old have the summit acute,
the others obtuse, slightly dentated, and of an obscure green } bud of a me-
dium size, scales blackish} flower double, rather large, regular, of a deep
orange red, approaching carmine. No, 5} some of the centre petals de-
formed.— Very beautiful.

180. C. Madame Adelaide. (Berl.) — Shrub pyramidal} leaves resem-
bling those of C. double white, a little more acute, and more dentated at
the extremity, of a deep green} bud very large, like that of C. Aitonia;
flower very large, spherical, double, of a beautiful cherry-red. No. 5 } petals
rounded, beautifully imbricated, some of those in the centre slightly dis-
torted} those of the circumference arranged horizontally, and those of the
centre erect. — Superb.

181. C. Milleri. — Leaves two inches and two lines wide, and four and
often more long, oblong, scarcely veined, flat, very finely dentated, of a

78 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA

clear green, as in C. Spectosa vera; bud very large, obtuse, scales greenish;
flower large, four inches and eight lines in diameter, full, cherry-red. No.
4 J exterior petals broad, not numerous, recurved, sometimes curled, doubly
crenate at the summit; those of the interior of diflFerent sizes, some large,
others small and slit into narrow strips like the Spectosa vera. — Magnificent.

182. C. Minuta. — Shrub vigorous; leaves three inches long, almost
orbicular, a little attenuated at the base and summit, very glossy and veined;
flower two inches and eight lines in diameter, of a deep cherry-red. No. 4;
arranged into a perfect vase, regular, petals imbricated, emarginate in the
middle, slightly cordiform; those of the centre, very irregular, of a uni-
form vivid red. — Superb.

183. C. MyrtifoUa or involuta. — Leaves smaller than in the other va-
rieties, one inch and a half wide and two long, oval, slightly lanceolate, o£
a dull green; bud of a medium size, egg-shaped, acute, of a yellowish green;
flower large, full, well formed, of a handsome red; exterior petals deep
amaranth, and those approaching the centre, a pale rose color; petals broad,
beautifully imbricated, numerous. The flowers of this variety emit an agree-
able odor when they are struck by the solar rays. — Magnificent.

184. C. Myrtifolia grandiflora. — A shrub of rather a slow growth and
not very tall, branches of a greyish green, slim and diverging; leaves two
inches long, a little contorted into the form of a boat, and deeply dentated;
of a deep and glossy green; flower very double, four inches in diameter, of
a cherry-red. No. 5; spotted and striped with carmine; petals very ample,
rounded, borders of a pale rose ; corolla regular, and approaches very nearly
the form of the hundred-leaf rose; like the latter it is a little open and forms
a cup in the centre; blooms very late. — Superb.

185. C. Mastererii. — Leaves rounded and acuminate, of a very dark
green; bud elongate and has reddish calycinal scales; flower three and a half
inches in diameter, full, well formed, of a deep cherry-red. No. 5, or deep
crimson; petals of the circumference oblong, cordiform, convex and re-
curved; those of the centre smaller, cut into strap-shaped portions at the
summit, not numerous and sometimes marked with white. — Very beautiful.

186. C. Papaveracea. — Leaves of ordinary size, oval, contracted at the
summit, nerves salient, of a pale green, often shaded with yellow; flower
single, five inches in diameter, cherry-red, No. 4; petals from 5 to 7, broad,

MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA, 79

well placed; many short stamens, compact, style very longj bears seed. —
Swperb.

187. C. Parksn vera. — Leaves two and one half inches wide and three
inches 4 lines long, almost flat, roundish-oval, slightly acuminate, delicately
dentatedj smooth, of a clear green, resembling a little those of C. Sfeciosa
vera; bud large, oblong, depressed at the summit, scales blackish, full, a
cherry red. No. 6; petals of the circumference in two rows, broad, chan-
nelled, some recurved, compact, others erect and mixed with those of the
interior, which are small, thick, forming an irregular sphere, as in C. Milleri,
or the Speciosa vera, of which this variety has the form and dimensions. —
Magnificent.

188. C. Pr^cellentissima. — Leaves two inches wide and two inches and
two lines long, elliptical, slightly acuminate, nerves very apparent, almost
invisibly dentate, the summit reflex, as in the C. Reeswesii; bud oblong,
scales of a yellowish green, flower three and a half inches in diameter and
often more, double, cherry-red. No. 5, having a little of the tint of that of
C. Rivinii; petals of the circumference six, oblong, turned back on the calyx
distant from each other, in the form of a star and crenated at the summit;
those of the interior numerous, short, equally arranged and forming a bowl,
as in the ordinary Warrata; in the middle are seen the styles which are
very long. — Very beautiful.

189. C. Pictorum coccinea. — Leaves large, horizontal, and hollowed into
a gutter, of a deep green, but very little dentated; bud large, scales green-
ish; flower more than three inches in diameter and often even four, full,
regular, of a cherry color. No. 4; petals broad, handsomely detached, and
gracefully imbricated. — Suferb.

190. C. Platipetola. — We possess two Camellias under this name; the
first is very much like C. Imperialis, both in foliage and flower; the second
has leaves like those of C. Speciosa vera, or of C. Rawsiana. The flower
which is not so dark as that of the two last varieties, has the same form and
size; but the bud before it opens, has a white point at the summit. — Superb.

191. C. Rubra simplex, or japonica. — The type, from which nearly all
our varieties were derived. See its description at the commencement of the
monography.

192. C. Rubra plena. — This shrub requires pruning, to give it a grace-

80 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA.

ful port and cause it to flower abundantly j branches greyish, numerous, hav-
ing a tendency to extend themselves far, leaves ovate-lanceolate, or rounded,
curled, reclined, and are often undulated in various directions, of a deep
green 5 bud large, oblong, obtuse, scales blackish; flower three inches in
diameter, full, of a cherry-red. No. 5; petals of the circumference broad,
recurved; those of the interior, swollen, narrow, elongate, numerous, rum-
pled, and irregularly arranged; bears seed.

There exists a sub-variety of this Camellia known in the commerce of
flowers under the name of Rubra maxima; it is a more rustic shrub, its flower
longer and its port more regular; but both of these varieties, retain their
buds with difficulty. Still if they are kept in a continued temperate atmos-
phere, from the last of autumn to the moment of florescence, they flower
very well in December. — Swperb.

193. C. Rex Batavice. — Leaves two inches wide and three inches two
lines long, a little recurved at the extremity, nerves very distinct, often
spotted with pale yellow; bud large, scales greenish; flower three inches and
3 lines in diameter, double, regular, cherry color. No. 6, becoming darker in
proportion as the flower develops; petals not numerous, broad, rounded at
the summit, hollowed into gutters and slightly recurved backwards; some of
those in the centre rumpled and dislocated; a few stamens in the centre, with
very brilliant yellow anthers. — Very beautiful.

194. C. Rossi. — Leaves large, ovate-lanceolate, curled, recurved to-
wards the stock, very dentate, of a dull green; bud with green scales; flower
double, three inches in diameter, of a fine cherry-red. No. 4, sometimes
spotted. — Very beautiful.

195. C. Rossiana swperba. — Branches vigorous and elongated; leaves
ample, rather deeply dentated, nerves very apparent; flower of a medium
size, of a deep cherry-red. No. 4, semi-double. — Handsome.

196. C. Roscii or Rawsiana. — See the next.

197. C. Rawsiana or Roscii. — Leaves two and a half inches wide and
three and a half long, oblong, horizontal, a little rolled, recurved at the
summit, very finely dentated of a clear green; bud large, scales blackish;
flower three inches in diameter, full, deep cherry-red. No. 4, form convex
and rumpled ; petals of the circumference not numerous, but broad, distorted
and thick; those of the interior very numerous, pretty large, compact, un-

MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 81

equal, reclined, or erect, some of them marked with a white spot. — Superb.

198. C. Sanguinea. — Leaves of a medium size, form and color of C.
Aitonia; bud oblong, pointed, scales greenish j flower 4 inches in diameter,
single, cherry-red. No. 5, sometimes blood color j stamens numerous, anthers
small, styles long, surpassing, by a third, the length of the stamens; bears
seed . — B eautiful.

199. C. Staminea -plena. — We have compared during several years in
succession, this plant with C. Rawsiana and Roscii and have discovered so
little difference between these varieties that we think that they constitute
but one.

200. C. Superbissima. (Sacc.) — Leaves two inches wide and three longj
bud obtuse, scales greenish j flower of the largest dimensions double, of a
cherry-red, No. 4, often shaded with rose; petals irregularly arranged, but
with grace. This variety has been obtained from the seed by Mr. Sacco of
Milan. He states that the mother plant has produced flowers seven and a
half inches in diameter.

201. C. Sparmaniana. — Leaves two and half inches wide and three and
two lines long, roundish oval, very slightly acuminated, with very distinct
nerves, of a green like that of C. Wllbanks'mna; bud large, with greenish
scales; flower three inches in diameter, double, cherry-red. No. 6, exterior
petals round, recurved, the others erect dsipersed, with the form and dimen-
tions of those of the flower of C. Rex Batavice. — Very beautiful.

202. C. Splendens vera. — We possess two varieties of C. Splendens:
the first has a single flower, and is not remarkable; the second, whose leaves
very much resemble those of C. Magniflora plena has a superb appearance ;
its flowers very large, full, regular, deep cherry-red, No. 5 ; petals, rounded,
imbricated, some of those in the centre contorted, and formed into two
separate hearts. — Superb.

203. C. Speciosa vera. — Leaves two and a half inches wide and three
and a half long, rounded, slightly acuminated, fine teeth, flat, of a clear
green, glossy, very finely veined; bud with blackish scales at the base and
green at the summit; flower large, beautiful, full, of a deep cherry-red; No.
5, petals of the exterior in two or three rows, large, regular, recurved upon
the calyx, those of the centre irregular, multiplied, close undulate, rumpled,

82 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA.

having a little white spot on the superior partj corolla three inches in di-
ameter.— Suferb.

204. C. Tamponeana. (Berb.) — Leaves close, oval, a little lanceolate,
two inches three lines wide and three inches four lines long, with apparent
nerves, of a dull green j bud large, oblong, with apple-green scalesj flower
three and a half inches in diameter, cherry-red. No. 5, approaching ama-
ranth, double, well formed j petals rounded in the circumference, regularly
recurved upon the calyx, the second row gracefully elevated j those of the
centre, smaller, rumpled, sometimes marked with white spots j a few sterile
stamens in the centre j flowers abundantly and easily obtained from the
seed by Mr. Tamponet of Paris.

205. C. Warrata or Anemones jlora. — Leaves two inches wide and three
long, obtuse-oval, of a deep and brilliant green, flat, thick, dispersed, reflex 5
bud of medium size, elongate, with scales always blackish; flower large,
double, of a deep cherry-red. No. 6, approaching a purple; petals of the cir-
cumference broad, nearly rounded, in number 6 or 7, those of the interior
numerous, small, arranged with admirable regularity in the form of a de-
pressed bowl. This variety flowers with facility in warm climates, but in
Paris, it is sufficiently inconstant in this respect. When the buds exhibit at
their summits a white spot, it is an indication of a certain and easy florescence.
This variety has produced very beautiful sub-varieties; they are covered
with fruit in Italy.

SECOND GAMUT.

UNICOLORS.

CARNATION COLORS.

Dominant color, rose lake and cinnabar, as in the numbers 1, and 2 of
the colored table.

206. C. Alba lutescensy or Roseojiorescens. — Leaves oblong, reflex, and
rolled downwards towards the summit, regularly dentated, almost flat, of
the form and color of those of C. Wilbanksiana; bud obtuse-oval, with yel-
lowish scales, flower three and a half inches in diameter, of a dingy white,
yellowish, carnation. No. 2, full, totally deprived of sexual organs; petals
broad, arranged in several rows. — Very beautiful.

MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 83

207. C. Carnea. — Leaves oval, elongate, two and a half inches wide,
and four inches three lines long, dispersed, very much veined and dentated,
of a yellowish green; bud obtuse, large, with greenish scales; flower three
inches broad, full, flesh-color approaching a pale yellow, as in No. 3. —
Su-perb.

208. C. Incarnata. — Leaves two inches three lines wide and four long,
lanceolate, strongly veined and deeply dentated, of a pale green, flower
three and a half inches in diameter, full, arranged in a star, of a carnation
color, pale on opening, and soon after becoming of a dingy yellow, a shade
above No. 3; petals imbricated, tufted, slightly acuminated, sometimes
crenated at the summit, gently leaning on each other, and forming a kind
of star. — Magnijicent.

209. C. Kewblush. — It is a sub-variety of the preceding, flowers not so
regular and not star-form.

SECOND GAMUT.

UNICOLORS.

ORANGE-RED MORE OR LESS DEEP.

Dominant color, lake mixed with cinnabar-red as in Nos. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. and 8, in the second gamut of the colored table.

210. C. Anemoncejiora Warrata sinensis. — Leaves two inches wide and
two and eight lines long, oval, obtuse, almost flat, the old roundish-oval,
and the new lanceolate, both very finely dentate and with reddish margins,
of a green very nearly like that of the orange; bud obtuse, pretty large, with
green scales; flower three and a half inches in diameter; full, deep orange-
red, No. 6, sometimes shaded above C. Reveseiiy with the heart depressed;
petals of the circumference in three rows, broad, rounded, those of the cen-
tre, narrow, short, mixed with others longer and broader, unequal, and
marked in the centre, with one or two white spots. This flower much resem-
bles that of C. Parksii. — Superb.

211. C. Atrorubens. — A very vigorous shrub; leaves large, ovate-
lanceolate, attenuated at the superior extremity, very dentate, of a deep
green, coriaceous bud of ordinary size with blackish scales; flower three
inches in diameter, full, irregular, of a deep orange red. No. 6; exterior

84 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA.

petals in three rows, regularly placed, broad, imbricated, recurved and con-
spicuously displayed i those of the interior smaller, short, elevated, distorted,
rumpled and separated from the first, forming a depressed centre j blooms
with difficulty. — Suferb.

212. C. Augusta rubra aurantlaca. — Leaves two inches wide and three
inches and more long, very much dentated, ovate-lanceolate, acuminated,
of a dull green i bud oblong, a little pointed; flower three and a half inches
in diameter, double, deep orange-red, No. 8; color, form and dimensions
like those of C. CoralUna. — Swperb.

213. C. China (Tat.) or Rives-nova. — The branches, leaves and wood
resemble those of C. Rubra flena, of which it is a sub- variety j bud large,
oval, with apple-green scales j flower three inches in diameter, full, of a deep
orange-red. No. 7j petals elevated, numerous, compact, and arranged as in
C. Atrorubens, but of a more open globular form. — Superb.

214. C. China large. — Leaves long, narrow, reflex, of a green, like that
of C. Rubra plena; flower about three inches in diameter, full, of the form
of the preceding and of a very similar color; petals of the exterior imbri-
cated, entire, rounded at the summit, the borders recurved; a few small
petals in the centre, unequal, slightly spotted with white. — Superb.

215. C. Conspicua. — A shrub which has but little grace in its port ; leaves
two inches two lines wide and four long, lanceolate, oblong, somewhat acu-
minate, undulating, close, reflex, deeply dentated with long petioles of an
ordinary green; bud oblong, with green calycinal scales; flower three and a
half inches in diameter, regular, full, of a beautiful orange-red. No. 8, ap-
proaching carmine; petals of the circumference, arranged in several rows,
broad, handsomely imbricated and deeply crenated at the summit; some of
those in the centre, long, twisted, and reclining laterally on the ovary. —
Superb.

216. C. Chandlerii. (Chand.) — A vigorous shrub; leaves thick, three
inches wide and four long, roundish-oval, horizontal, slightly acuminated,
the points bent laterally, very much dentated, veins apparent, of an obscure
green; bud large, pointed-oval, with scales part blackish and part yellowish;
flower four inches in diameter, rose-form, double, depressed, of a superb
deep orange-red. No. 8 ; petals of the circumference mucronated, imbricated,
rounded, regularly arranged, crenated, those of the centre smaller, erect,

MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 85

elongate, folded a little in a cornet form, sometimes spotted with white. —
Magnificent.

217. C. Cactijiora. — Leaves 2 inches and 2 lines wide, and 3 inches 5
lines long, oval, oblong, lanceolate, very acuminate, distant from each other,
deeply dentated, strongly nerved j bud oblong, with yellowish scales j flower
double of an orange red. No. 8 j petals handsomely imbricated, not numer-
ous, broad and regularly arranged j those of the centre, swollen, distorted
and intermixed with stamens. — Very handsome.

218. Derbiana Vera. — Leaves 2 inches 3 lines wide and 3^ inches long,
roundish-oval, very acuminate, nerves very distinct, horizontal, finely den-
tated, surface often spotted with yellow, of a very beautiful green j bud very
large, oblong, pointed with apple-green scales j flower 4 inches in diameter,
and often more, double, deep orange-red, No. 7, of a brightness difficult to
designate, and producing a magnificent effect j the petals of the circumfer-
ence arranged in several rows, broad, a little spoon-shaped, and crenated at
the summit; those of the interior, narrow, rumpled, of a rose tintj a few
sterile stamens in the centre. — Magnificent. There is another Derbianay
known in the flower market which is not in the least distinguished.

219. C. Eximia Vera. — Leaves ovate, lanceolate, large, acuminate, very
dentate, horizontal, of an ordinary green; bud large, flattened at the sum-
mit, scales calycinal, yellowish; flower 3>4 inches in diameter, very full, of
a deep orange color. No. 8 ; sometimes the petals are worked with a white
line; they are arranged in six or seven rows, regularly imbricated, rounded,
crenated at the summit, forming a beautiful rose, as in the C. Blanc Double.
[Double white.] — Magnificent. There is known in the flower market an-
other Camellia under this name, produced by Mr. Knight; its flower is
semi-double and but little esteemed.

220. Incofnparabilis. — Leaves 2 inches 9 lines wide and 4 inches long,
roundish-oval, some of them lanceolate, acuminate, with conspicuous nerves,
of a very brilliant green; bud oblong, large, pointed, with blackish scales;
flower large, 4>^ inches in diameter, single, deep orange-red. No. 7 ; eight
broad petals, crenated at the summit, many erect and compact stamens.
There exist, another Camellia under this name, whose flower is large, full,
and like that of C. Conspicua. — Superb.

221. C. Ignescens. — Shrub vigorous; leaves rather large with small

86 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA.

nerves, but well delineated, sprinkled with spots of clear green, upon a more
sombre ground j flower of medium size, semi-double, deep orange-red. No.
6, petals flat, imbricated in three rowsj many stamens. — Passable.

222. C. Lauchmani. — A vigorous shrub and of a graceful portj foliage
of a shining green j flower large, single, of a deep orange-red. No. 6, vel-
vety; petals ample, erect, bilobed and elongate; stamens short, some of
them petaloids ; styles very long. — Passable.

223. C. Magniflora plena. — Leaves large, some rounded and others
oval, subcordiform, thick, stiff, glossy, reflex, numerous, of an obscure
green; bud oblong, rather large, with greenish scales; flowers very double,
regular, 33^ inches in diameter, of a deep cherry-red. No. 5, approaching a
poppy color; exterior petals imbricated in three rows, very broad, crenated
at the summit, those of the centre swollen, roundish, regularly arranged;
flowers easily and for a long time. — Superb.

224. C. Punlccejiora. — Handsome foliage; flower 3 inches in diameter,
semi-double, irregular deep orange-red. No. 4, inclined to a pomegranate
color. — Handsome.

225. C. Parviflora. — Leaves near, lanceolate, oblong, very acuminate,
2 inches broad and 3 inches 4 lines long, almost flat, finely and irregularly
dentated, and of an obscure green ; bud large, oblong with blackish scales at
the base, and yellowish at the summit; flower 3 inches in diameter, full,
regular, deep orange-red. No. 7; petals handsomely imbricated, very nu-
merous, with a depressed heart, containing 2 or 3 sterile stamens. — Superb.

226. C. Palmern purple Warrata. — Branches short; leaves flat, round-
ed, very finely dentated, nerves not very apparent; flower large, full, deep
orange-red. No. 8. — Superb.

227. C. Reewesii vera. — Port not very graceful; leaves few and dis-
persed, 2 inches 2 lines wide and 4 long, curled, ovate, lanceolate, the point
recurved, of a deep green; bud large, pyramidal, with greenish scales;
flower 33^ inches in diameter, double, deep orange-red. No. 7; petals of the
circumference in two rows, an inch broad and 1 j^ long, hollowed in the form
of a gutter, very much crenated at the summit; those of the centre elongate,
narrow, slit into narrow strips and folded at the summit in the form of a
dome and leaving a void in the interior, where appear a few stamens. —
Superb.

MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 87

228. C. Renira. — Leaves 12 lines wide and 2^ inches long, lanceolate,
oblong, finely dentated, strongly nerved, of a pale green j flower 3 inches in
diameter, double, deep orange-red, No. 7 j petals of the circumference very
broad, oblong, crenated at the summit, those of the centre not numerous,
long, narrow, folded over each other, and resembling the interior of an
anemone. — Superb.

229. Rivinii. — Leaves 1 inch 10 lines broad and 3 inches 6 lines long,
ovate, elongate, acuminated, nerved and dentated, horizontal j petioles 10
lines long, of a pale red, which is often extended for a third of the length of
the main nerve j bud elongate, pyramidal, with green scales j flower 3^
inches in diameter, of a beautiful deep orange-red. No. 7, very double j
petals of the circumference in several rows, oblong, a little spatulate, or
spoon-form, crenated at the summit, and arranged in rowsj those of the
interior, very numerous, erect, and forming a dome, as in C. Reewesii; of
the same color and same form. — Su-perb.

FIRST GAMUT,

B ICOLORS.

Ground white striped or spotted with rose, as in No. 1 . of the first gamut
of the colored table.

230. C. Banksii. — It is the Camellia Imferialis under the name of C.
Banksiiy perhaps a little more striped with red, which appears to us to depend
on the vigor of the plant.

231. C. Dianthiflora striata plena. — Leaves 2 inches wide and 3 inches
2 lines long, ovate-oblong, acuminated, horizontal, very dentate, a little
recurved at their summits, very distinct nerves and of rather a deep green;
flower large, very double, of a pretty form, resembling very much that of
Camellia Im^perialis.

232. C. Delicatissima. — Leaves 2 inches wide and 3^ long, ovate ob-
long, attenuated at their two extremities, those of the superior having rather
long points; flower 3^ inches in diameter, double, rose-form; heart very

88 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA.

large, being 2 inches 5 lines in diameter, petals curled, sinuous, irregular,
those of the periphery, larger, being an inch and more broad, entire or sinu-
ous, all white, striped with rose, stripes both large and small, and pretty
numerous. — Suferb.

233. C, Elegantissima. — Leaves large, ovate-lanceolate, strongly
nerved, of a deep green j flower double, 3 inches in diameter, ground white,
striped with rose. — Swperb.

234. C. Gloria Mundi. — There are, under this name, two different
Camellias; the first has leaves 2 inches 9 lines broad, and 4 inches long;
form, color, and dimensions of C. hn-perialisy when this is very vigorous;
bud large, obtuse, with greenish scales; flower of a white ground, striped
with rose, as in the Camellia above named, from which it differs but very
little; only the heart is slightly yellowish. The second has leaves very near-
ly like those of C. Grandiflora simplex; its flower is double, cherry-red.
No. 2, and very regular.

235. C. Imperialis. — Leaves 2^ inches wide and 3^ long, roundish-
oval, very acuminate, rolled backward at the summit, horizontal, very much
dentated, with strong nerves, of a clear green; bud egg-shaped, large, with
greenish scales; flower three and a half inches in diameter, full, irregular,
wtih a white ground slightly tinted or striped with rose; petals of the cir-
cumference broad, flat, recurved, crenate at the summit; those of the interior
narrow, distorted, erect, united and forming an arched centre almost hemi-
spherical, rumpled, resembling a Flemish pink, with a white ground striped
with red. Petals entirely rose-colored are sometimes seen in this flower. —
Magnificent.

236. C. Imbricata alba. — Leaves three inches wide and from four to
five long, dispersed, oval, elliptical, attenuated, at the two extremities, hand-
somely nerved, point recurved downward; flower three and a half inches in
diameter, spheroidal, very full and forming a regular rose, the petals of
which gradually diminish in size towards the centre, and are mutually im-
bricated from the centre to the circumference, each has a free border, a little
sinuous, entire, two lines broad in the centre and augmenting to twentyfive
lines in the periphery; they are white with distinct red or white stripes. —
Magnificent.

MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 89

237. C. Punctata simplex , or

238. C. Single striped. — Leaves two and a half inches wide and three
longj form, color and dimensions of C. simplex alba; — flower of medium
size, single, white, striped or dotted with rose. — Insignificant.

239. C. Pictanata. — Leaves three and a half inches wide and four long,
near, acuminated at the summit and rounded at the base, oval, elliptical, the
point bent downward, shining ^ flower three and a half inches in diameter,
spherical, very double j petals of the centre and also those of the circum-
ference curled, sinuous, irregular, folded j those of the periphery entire, of
a pure white, and occasionally some of them striped with red; a few sta-
mens.— Superb.

240. C. Regina Galliarum, or

241. C. Eclipse. — Leaves and bud like those of C. Imperialis; flower
three and a half inches in diameter, full, a little arched in the centre, ground
white slightly spotted with rose; petals of the exterior recurved symmetri-
cally, twisted and striped, as in the flower of C. Imperialis; this has hereto-
fore been called the Eclipse; but the Messrs. Bowman have named it C.
Regina Galliarum. — Superb.

242. C. Sabina. — Leaves of a medium size, roundish-oval, slightly acu-
minated, bud pyramidal, with green scales; flower large, full, and of a very
pale or whitish carnation color. — Superb.

243. C, Stryphosa. (Rap.) Leaves of a medium size, ovate-lanceolate,
slightly acuminated, much dentated, of a beautiful green; flower double,
large, ground white, striped or more properly dotted with rose and red;
handsomely formed. — Superb.

244. C. Spojfortiana. — A vigorous shrub and of an elegant port; leaves
oval, horizontal, nerves salient, of a deep green, teeth distant and very acute;
buds very large, with greenish scales; flower three inches in diameter, full, of
a milk-white with a few red stripes. — Superb.

245. C. Victoria antwerpiensis . — Leaves two inches three lines wide and
four long, some roundish-oval, others lanceolate, acuminate, of a dull green;
flower very double, three inches in diameter, exhibiting some rose stripes
on a white ground. — Superb.

90 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA.

FIRST GAMUT,
B I COLORS.

SECOND DIVISION.

Ground rose striped or spotted with cherry-red, as in No. 1 ; of the
colored table.

246. C. ColvilUi vera. — Shrub very vigorous j leaves three inches three
lines wide and four inches seven lines long, broad, roundish-oval, a little
acuminated, much dentated, with very salient nerves, thick, horizontal,
slightly recurved downward, of a very deep green j bud very large, with
scales, blackish on the border and yellowish in the middle j flower three
inches and ten lines and often more in diameter j ground color clear rose,
one shade darker than No. 1, and striped with carmine-red j form and dis-
position of the petals as in the flower of C. Punctata -plena^ but of greater
dimensions. — Magnificent.

24-1. C. Gray Venus.

248. C. Gray.

249. C. Eclipse.

250. C. Splendida.

251. C. Venus ta.

252. C. Punctata plena. — All these Camellias are sub-varieties, which
resemble each other so much, that it is better to consider them as a single
one. See below C. Punctata plena. All these double denominations came to
us from beyond the sea.

253. C. Punctata plena. — Shrub vigorous and of an elegant portj leaves
oval, almost round, two and a half inches wide and three and a half long,
with very prominent nerves, much dentaed, of a deep green j bud large, de-
pressed at the summit, with apple-green scales j flower three inches in di-
ameter, full, ground rose, marked with cherry-red lines. No. 1 j petals of
the circumference broad, crenate at the summit, and convex j those of the
centre small, elongate and erect j floral form of C. Imperialism but the
mixture of its colors renders it more apparent. This Camellia sometimes
produces flowers, entirely red or rose, and without stripes. We think that C.
Preston Eclipse is identical with this, and that this accidental variety has
been established by grafting. — Magnificent.

MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 91

254. C. Punctata major. — Shrub vigorous j leaves broad, oval, nearly
four inches long and three and a half wide, of a glossy green, finely veined,
dentate, point bent downwards j flower four inches in diameter, considerably
double, of a beautiful clear rose, No. 2, finely striped with blood-red, and
spotted with white j corolla rose-form. — Magnificent.

255. C. Rosa mundi.

256. C. Splendidiid.

257. C. Venusta id. — See

258. C Punctata flena.

FIRST GAMUT.

B 1 COLORS.

THIRD DIVISION.

Ground clear or deep cherry, spotted with white.

259. C. Agl^e. — Leaves two inches nine lines wide and three and a half
long, reflex, roundish-oval, acuminate; buds with green scales; flower three
inches in diameter, double, ground cherry, No. 2, often of that color only
and sometimes spotted with white; stamens mixed with a few interior petals,
flowers easily and abundantly. — Very handsome.

260. C. Adontdea. — Leaves very nearly like those of the Preston
Eclifse; flower large, very double, of a cherry-red. No. 1, striped with
white, form of a Flemish pink. We think that this Camellia is a sub- variety
of Preston Eclipse, modified by culture. — Superb.

261. C. Cariophyllce flora , or

262. C. Dianthiflora. — Shrub very vigorous, of not a very graceful port;
branches expanded, recurved; leaves of ordinary size, a little inclined on
the branches, elongate-oval, strongly veined; bud with blackish scales, elon-
gate, acute; flower broad, sometimes double and often single, cherry-red,
No. 2 ; petals of the circumference subcordiform, broad, dispersed, in num-
ber 7 ; those of the centre swollen, erect, numerous; striated with white, and
forming by their union an arched centre. The late flowers are single and
the centre is full of stamens. This variety bears seed and produces superb
sub-varieties.

263. C. Coronata Rosa. — Leaves two and a half inches wide, and four

92 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA.

long, roundish-oval, a little acuminate, strongly nerved, deeply dentated, of
the same green as that of C. Imperialis; flower large, double, well formed,
deep cherry, No. 1 j exterior petals broad, handsomely arranged, gracefully
displayed, striped or spotted with white j those of the interior, smaller, con-
torted, and also striped or spotted with white. — Superb.

264. C. Cardinalisy or

265. C. Moencii. — Leaves pretty large, near, a little curled, borders
very dentate, nerves very apparent, surface uneven j bud oblong, with yel-
lowish green scales j flower semi-double, rather large, deep cherry, No. 1,
with some shades clearer than that of C. Variegata plena; petals of the cen-
tre intermixed with fertile stamens, of different lengths j calyx divided into
four segments, as in C. SophianUy the styles surmount the bud before it
expands. — Handsome.

266. C. Donklaeri. — Leaves two inches broad, and four long, flat, near,
ovate-oblong, attenuated at the two extremities, and the superior reflex, of
a shining apple-green regularly dentated j bud calyx in fine green divisions,
papyraceous, reddish at the base, five lines broad and eight longj flower
from three to four inches in diameter j petals about 20, an inch broad, and
nearly two long, ovate-oblong, obtuse, entire, cherry-red. No. 1, variegated
and sprinkled with white j the heart of the corolla is composed of from four
to six curled petals, between which are perceived several fertile stamens,
with others in a petaloid state. — Magnificent.

261 . C. Fioniana. — Leaves small, lanceolate j flower small, red, splashed
with white, double j it is an odd variety, derived from C. Variegata, which
has been established by grafting. — Pretty.

268. C. Melinetti. — Leaves two inches wide, and three and three lines
long, roundish oval, slightly acuminated, deeply dentated, strongly nerved,
recurved in a shell-form, forming a parasol in the manner of those of C.
Colvillii vera; flower large, full, of a beautiful cherry-red, No. 3j petals
bordered and striped with pure white. — Superb.

269. C. Marmorata. — A shrub with yellowish branches, leaves roundish-
oval, deeply dentate j bud small, rounded at the base, a little pointed at the
summit j flower semi-double, cherry-red. No. 1, a little spotted with white,
or rather, marbled with white. — Passable.

270. C. Phillippe I. or

MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 93

271. C. Mexkana. (Sac.) — Leaves of a medium size, oval, a little
lanceolate, of a deep green j bud pointed-oval j flower medium double,
cherry-red. No. 2, spotted with white j it is very like the flower of C. Fiont-
anUy a little more spotted with white. — Passable.

272. C. Variegata flena. — Shrub very vigorous 5 leaves, some rounded
and others lanceolate, flat or revolute, very much dentated, with strong
nerves, of a very deep green j this rustic shrub promptly attains a consider-
able elevation, in all climates, and flowers easily and in a short timej it
sometimes bears seeds, especially when in the open ground. Very beautiful
sub- varieties have been obtained from its seedj bud large, oblong, a little
acuminate at the summit, with scales always green 5 flower three and a half
inches in diameter, sometimes even four, cherry-red. No. 3, irregularly
spotted with white 5 petals ample, recurved, some crenate and others entire
at the summit J some of those in the centre erect and intermixed with sta-
mens. In winter the flower is spotted, in the spring it is almost entirely red.
— Magnificent.

273. C. Variegata monstruosa. — Leaves very nearly like those of C.
Crassinervia ; bud large, obtuse, with greenish scales; flower large double,
of a cherry-red, No. 2, spotted with white. — Beautiful.

274. C. Versicolor. — We have in our collection, several Camellias under
this name; that here described is a plant which has large leaves, roundish-
oval, attenuated at the summit, near, of a deep green, and of the kind of
those of C. Chandlerii; bud oval, scales blackish; flower pretty large, double,
of a deep orange-red. No. 4, with roundish petals dotted with white in the
middle; they much resemble those of C. Leana Swperba. The other Versi-
colory has a flower very like that of C. Variegata flena, the white is a little
more regular; the leaves are reflex and have the point recurved downwards.

SECOND GAMUT.

B ICOLORS.

FIRST DIVISION.

Ground yellowish carnation, striped with white, Nos. 1 and 2.

275. C. Swetia vera. — Leaves two and a half inches wide, and four
long, ovate-oblong, acuminate, dentate, stiff, thick, or ranged in the form of

94 MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA.

a parasol, obtuse, very much veined, with strong nerves, teeth of the borders
very large and of rather a clear green j flower of a medium size, double,
ground yellowish carnation, as in No. 2, of this gamut; petals arranged in
three rows, veined vertically or rather sprinkled with orange-red. No. 3;
the borders are white, some of them double, crenate at the summit j those of
the centre small, not numerous, cut into narrow lines, erect, of the same
color as the others, and intermixed with a few sterile stamens. — Magnificent.

SECOND GAMUT.

BICOLORED FLOWERS.
Ground clear or deep orange-red, striped or spotted with white.

SECOND DIVISION.

276. C. Chandlerii striata. See C. Chandlerii.

277. C. Cuninghammi mutabilis. — Leaves oval, broad, slightly acumi-
nate, finely dentated; flower rather large, double, ground orange-red, No.
7 ; petals arranged gracefully, imbricated, and of different sizes, deeply cre-
nated at the summit, some of them marked with cross lines of pure white;
a few stamens in the centre. — Very pretty.

278. C. Imhricata tricolor. — We possess two Camellias of this name, the
first was received from Mr. Knight, of London. It differs but little in its
leaves from C. Imhricata rubra; its flower is handsomely imbricated, double
and of a deep orange-red, spotted with white; in the centre are a few
stamens. — Very beautiful.

The second is a variety, which was imported by Mr. Siebold; its flower
is semi-double, very handsomely formed, large, and shaded with several
varieties of red and rose. — Very beautiful.

279. C. Loukiana. — Shrub vigorous, of an elegant port; flower very
double, of a beautiful orange-red. No. 3 ; the petals of the centre, erect and
curled, sometimes striped a little with white, which gives the flower a very
agreeable form and appearance; occasionally the whole flower is spotted with
white. — Magnificent.

280. C. Master double red. — Leaves somewhat large, ovate-obtuse,
rolled under, others inclined towards the stock, strongly nerved, of a deep

MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA. 95

green j bud of a medium size, scales calycinal, yellowish j flower large, dou-
ble, of an orange-red. No. 4, sometimes also spotted with white. — Very
handsome.

281. C. Leana swperba. — Leaves two inches broad and three long,
rounded, slightly acuminated, glabrous, of a glossy green j bud very large,
oblong, with yellow calycinal scales j flower, more than three inches in di-
ameter, double, of a deep orange-red. No. 3^ petals from 30 to TtS^ 14 lines
long; those of the circumference are red, some of them striped with white
toward the middle, crenated or rounded at the summit; those of the centre
are rose-color worked with white. — Swperb.

282. C. Warrata jlammula. — Leaves rather large, roundish oval, a lit-
tle lanceolate, of a dull green; bud oblong, with yellowish scales; flower
three and a half inches in diameter, deep orange-red No. 3; petals of the
circumference 6 or 7, broad, crenated at the summit, border reflex; those of
the interior are but petaloid stamens; bears seed. — Pretty.

EPILOGUE.

Here terminate our observations upon the genus Camellia. We have
exerted ourselves to be clear and exact in this treatise, without being dry and
tedious; it is from the suffrages of enlightened and conscientious horticul-
turists, that we are to learn whether we have succeeded. Having been so-
licited to undertake the labor, we owe it to ourselves to declare, that not any
motive of speculation, or of self-love has guided our pen, but only a lively
desire to be useful to the greatest number.

Finally, we ought to declare, that we regard this work, but as the base,
upon which a more able hand, will be enabled to erect a more solid monu-
ment, and one more worthy the science of horticulture. The boldness of
our enterprise, may, possibly, be disapproved or censured; but we accept,
in advance all blame, if we have been sufficiently happy to render any serv-
ice to horticulture, and shall be obliged to every Aristarchus, whose criticism
may still more enlighten that public, for which we have written; for our
device has been and will ever be :

The general interest before all others.

96

MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA.

SYNOPTICAL TABLE.

Indicating the color of the Camellia, its name, the form of its flower, the
species or variety from which it was produced, the place of its origin, and
the period of its introduction into Europe.

The * designates the species from which all the varieties have been obtained.

UNICOLORED FLOWERS.

PURE WHITE.

(Page 45.)

Name of Camellia.

Form.

Species or variety.

Origin.

Introduction.

Alba simplex,

reg. single,

single red,

Europe,

England, 1812.

" plena,

reg. full.

unknown,

Japan,

do. 1792.

Amabilis,

reg. sirig.

single red,

Europe,

do. 1825.

♦Axillaris vera.

irreg. sing.

a species.

China,

do. 1820.

Anemone fl. alb.

irreg. full.

warrata.

Europe,

do. Chandler.

Do. warrata carnea,

irreg. full,

warrata,

do.

do.

Candidissima,

reg. full,

unknown,

Japan,

do. 1830.

Compacta,

irreg. dble.

pink,

Europe,

do. Teoting.

Corvatheasfolia,

reg. dble.

unknown.

do.

do. 1833.

*Euryoides,

reg. sing.

species.

China,

do. 1830.

Excelsa,

irreg. dble.

single white.

Europe,

do. 1830.

Fimbriata,

reg, full.

unknown.

Japan,

do. 1816.

Gallica alba.

irreg. dble.

pink,

Europe,

France, 1830.

Granelli,

irreg. dble.

warrata.

do.

Italy, 1834.

*Kissi,

reg. sing.

species.

China,

England, 1825.

Lacteola,

irreg. dble.

warrata,

Europe,

Italy, 1830.

Nivea,

ir. semi d.

unknown,

do.

Belgium,

Nobilissima,

irreg. full,

pink,

do.

do. 1834.

*01eifera.

reg. sing.

species.

Cochin China,

England, 1810.

*01e^folia.

reg. sing.

species,

China,

do. 1810.

Palmeri alba, or

Pomponias f.

reg. semi d.

pomponia,

Europe,

do. 1815.

Do. plena,

irreg. full.

unknown.

Japan,

do. 1810.

Rollissoni,

reg. dble.

pink,

Europe,

Italy, 1813.

*Sasanqua,

reg. sing.

species.

China,

England, 1810.

Splendidissima,

irreg. full.

variety en a.

Europe,

Paris, Abbe Berlese,

Weimaria,

reg. semi d.

unknown,

do.

England,

Welbanksiana, or

Hcptangularis,

irreg. dble.

pomponia,

China,

do. Wilbancks.

MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA.

97

FIRST GAMUT.
UNICOLORED FLOWERS.

CLEAR ROSE.

(Page SO.

-Dominant color. Lake mixed with more or less vermilion and Naples yellow,
as in Nos. 2, 3, and 4, of the colored table.)

Name of Camellia.

Form.

Species or variety.

Origin.

Introduction.

Aitonia or Amplis-

sima,

reg. single.

single red,

Europe,

Eng., Aiton.

Apollina,

irreg. full,

pink,

do.

France, Cachet,
1833.

Coloured,

reg. single,

single red.

do.

France.

Crouyoud,

reg. sem. d.

warrata,

do.

Belgium, 1834.

Dahliaflora,

irreg. s. d.

pink,

do.

England.
Knight.

Expansa,

irreg. s. d.

do.

do.

England.

Fasciculata,

irreg. dou.

do.

do.

Italy, Milan.

Guessonia,

irreg. s. d.

single red,

do.

England.

Heterophylla,

irreg. d.

warrata.

do.

do.

Lindleya,

irreg. s. d.

single red,

do.

do. Lindley.

Pasonias flora rosea,

irreg. full.

unknown.

China,

do. 1810,
Hampden.

Pink,

irreg. s. d.

single red,

Japan,

do. Middle,
Miss Turner.

Perle des Cam.

irreg. f.

pomponia.

Europe,

do.

Pulcherrima or

Roleni,

reg. doub.

aitonia.

do.

do.

Rosea plena,

irreg. d.

expansa,

do.

Germany.

Roseana,

irreg. full,

unknown,

do.

England.

Resplendens,

irreg. full,

unknown,

do.

do. 1833.

Sinensis rosea.

irreg. dou.

expansa.

do.

do. Vauxhall,
Nursery.

Spectabilis,

irreg. dou.

pink,

do.

Paris, 1830.

♦Sansanqua rosea.

irreg. full,

species,

China,

England, 1826,
Capt. Rawes.

Theresiana,

irreg. full.

pink.

Europe,

Germany,

Venosa,

irreg. full,

do.

do.

do.

Virginica,

irreg. full,

single red.

do.

England.

Viltonia,

irreg. dou.

pink.

do.

Belgium.

Wilbrohamia,

irreg. dou.

single red.

do.

England.

98

MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA.

FIRST GAMUT.

CLEAR CHERRY RED.

(Page 54. — Dominant color. Carmine lake, mixed with rose lake and vermilion, as in Nos.
1, 2, and 3, of the colored table.)

Name of Camellia.

Form.

Species or variety

Origin.

Introduction.

Aucuba^folia,

reg. dou.

single red.

Europe,

England, 1818,

Amerstia,

reg. dou.

warrata,

do.

do.

Amoena,

reg. dou.

single red,

do.

Italy.

Augusta,

irreg. dou.

corollina,

do.

England.

Aluntii superba,

irreg. dou.

single red.

do.

do. 1820.

Buckliana,

reg. s. dou.

anemonaj flora,

do.

do.

Belle Rosalie,

irreg. dou.

pink.

do.

France.

Brocksiana,

reg. s. d.

do.

do.

England.

Belle Henriette,

reg. dou.

expansa.

do.

France.

Berlesiana,

reg. dou.

coccinea,

do.

Paris, Abbe
Berlese, 1831.

Blanda,

irreg. dou.

warrata.

do.

Belgium.

Boumanni,

reg. dou.

varieg. pie.

do.

Abbe Berlese.

Celsiana,

reg. sing.

single red,

do.

England.

Crassinervia or

CrassifoHa,

irreg. dou.

pink.

do.

do.

Cliviana,

irreg. full.

papaveracea.

do.

do. 1830.

Chamlerii,

reg. dou.

splendens.

do.

do.

Conchiflora,

reg. dou.

expansa,

do.

do.

Conchiflora nova,

irreg. s, d.

single red.

do.

Milan.

Cramoisina Par-

mentieni,

reg. dou.

warrata,

do.

Pamentier 1833.

Charles Auguste,

reg. s. d.

do.

do.

England.

Conchata,

irreg. dou.

pink.

do.

Italy.

CoUa,

reg. dou.

single red,

do.

do.

Carolus,

reg. dou.

coccinea.

do.

Germany.

Camtoniana,

reg. s. d.

pink.

do.

England.

Decora,

reg. full.

coccinea,

do.

do.

Dorsetti or Partho-

England and

niana,

irreg, full.

rubra plena,

do.

Belgium.

Dianthiflora,

reg, sing.

warrata.

do.

do. 1822.

Excelsiana,

reg, dou.

pink.

do.

Belgium.

Exoniensis,

reg, dou.

varieg. plena.

do.

England.

Elegans Chandlerii,

reg, full.

corollina.

do.

England.

Elegantissima,

reg, full.

warrata,

do.

do. Chandler.

Elegans,

reg. sing.

single red,

do.

Belgium.

Emperor d'Autri,

reg. dou.

coccinea,

do.

Abbe Berlese.
1833.

Florida,

reg, dou.

coccinea.

do.

England.

Fascicularis,

reg. dou.

single red,

do.

do.

Flaccida,

reg. simp.

single red,

do

Italy.

Fordii,

reg. dou.

unknown,

Japan,

England.

MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA.

99

Fulgentissima,

irreg. dou.

pink.

Europe,

Belgium.

Formosa,

reg, dou.

rubra plena,

do.

England.

Formosissima,

reg. full.

varieg. plena.

do.

Belgium.

Fraserii,

reg. full,

unknown,

Japan,

England, 1834.

Gigantea,

reg. full.

rubra plena,

Europe,

do.

Grand iflora,

reg. sing.

single red.

do.

do.

Gloriosa,

reg. dou.

warrata.

do.

Belgium.

Hallesia,

irreg. dou.

single red.

do.

England.

Husseyussoni,

irreg. s. d.

coccinea.

do.

do.

Hosackia,

irreg. s. d.

warrata.

America,

Floy.

Hibbertia,

irreg. s. d.

single red,

Europe,

England.

Herbertii,

irreg. s. d.

single red.

do.

do.

Humboldtiana,

irreg. dou.

varieg. plena.

do.

Germany.

Hybrida colorata,

irreg. dou.

pink.

do.

Netherlands.

Lmbricata,

reg. full.

unknown.

China,

England, 1820.

Insignis alba,

reg. sing.

dianthiflora,

Europe,

England.

do. de Tat,

irreg. s. d.

pink.

do.

do.

do. rubra,

reg. sing.

anemonaiflora,

do.

do.

Iddebiana,

reg. dou.

unknown,

do.

Belgium,

Knightii eximia,

irreg. s. d.

pink,

do.

England.

Latifolia nova.

irreg. dou.

staminea sine,

do.

do. 1830.

Lambertli,

reg. sing.

single red.

do.

Belgium.

MacrophyUa,

reg. dou.

coccinea,

do.

Italy.

Miss Rosa,

reg. s. d.

pink,

do.

England.

Magniflora simp..

reg. sing.

single red,

do.

Milan, Casoritti.

Mutabilis,

reg. dou.

pink,

do.

Paris, Tampo-

net.
England.

Nannetenis,

reg. dou.

coccinea.

do.

New Imported,

reg. dou.

pink.

do.

do.

Osburnea,

reg. sing.

warrata.

do.

do.

Oxoniensis,

reg. dou.

rubra simp.,

do.

do.

Ornata,

reg. dou.

coccinea.

do.

do.

Percys,

reg. sing.

single red.

do.

do.

Pencillata,

reg. s. d.

papaveracea.

do.

Belgium.

Parthonlana,

irreg. full,

rubra plena,

do.

do. Meens.

Preston-eclipse,

irreg. full,

pomponia,

do.

England.

Paradoxa,

reg. sing.

single red,

do.

do.

Pulchella,

reg. dou.

pink.

do.

Belgium.

Pseonia: flora rubra,

irreg. full.

unknown,

Japan,

England.

Parks! i striped,

reg. dou.

coccinea.

Europe,

do.

Palmerii rubra,

reg. dou.

pink,

do

do.

Plumaria,

reg. sing.

dainthiflora.

do

do.

Reine des Pays-

Belgium.

Bas.

irreg. s. d.

single red,

do

Germany.

Radiata,

reg. full,

coccinea,

do

do.

Rosa sinensis.

reg. full,

pink.

do

Eng., Vauxhall,
Nursery.

♦Reticulata,

irreg. s. d.

species.

China,

Eng., Captain
Rawes, 1824.

Rubricaulis,

reg. s. d.

single red.

F.urop>e,

England.

100

MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA.

Rosa punctata,

reg. dou.

aitonia,

Europe,

England.

Rosa: flora,

reg. dou.

single red,

do

Belgium.

Scintillans,

irreg. dou.

pink,

do

England.

Sericea,

reg. dou.

unknown,

do

do.

Superba,

reg. dou.

single red.

do

Italy.

Staminea simpL,

reg. sing.

single red.

do

England.

Sophiana,

reg. s. d.

single red,

do

Paris, 1834.

Spathulata,

reg. sing.

single red,

do.

England.

Thunbergia,

reg. dou.

corallina,

do.

do.

Triumphans,

reg. full,

pink.

do.

do.

Venustissima,

irreg. s. d.

warrata,

do.

Germany.

Warrata striata.

reg. dou.

pink.

do.

Belgium.

Woodsiana,

irreg. s. d.

single red,

do.

do.

Woodtii,

reg. full.

pomponia.

do.

England.

FIRST GAMUT,

DEEP CHERRY RED,

Page 71. — Do7n:vant color. Carmine mixed with more or less vermilion, as in Nos. 4, 5, 6,
and 7, of the colored table.)

Name of Camellia.

Form.

Species and variety.

Origin.

Introduction.

Alexandreana,

irreg. full,

warrata.

Europe,

Angers, Cachet,
1833.

Althexflora,

irreg. dou.

rubra plena.

do

England.

Atroviolacea,

reg. sing.

single red,

do

do.

Anemone muta-

bilis,

reg. full.

corollina,

do

England.

Anemone var. ro-

sea.

irreg. full.

warrata.

do

England, Low.

Blackburniana,

reg. dou.

warrata.

do

England.

Braxelliensis,

reg. s. d.

single red.

do

Belgium.

Berlesiana fulgens.

reg. dou.

coccinea.

do

Abbe Berlese.

Concinna,

reg. full.

coccinea,

do

England.

Coccinea,

reg. dou.

single red.

do

do.

Clintonia,

reg. sing.

warrata.

America,

Floy, N. York.

Corollina,

reg. dou.

rubra plena,

Europe,

Eng., Chandlc^r,
1819.

Dernii,

irreg. full,

single red,

do

England.

Dilecta,

reg. dou.

single red.

do

Germany.

Egertonia,

reg. dou.

rubricaulis.

do

England.

Elphinstonia,

reg. dou.

warrata.

do

do.

Flammea,

irreg. dou.

single red.

do

do.

Fulgida,

reg. sing.

single red.

do

do.

Fulgens,

reg. sing.

single red.

do

do.

Gloria Belgica,

reg. sing.

single red.

do

Belgium.

Heugmaniana,

reg. s. d.

single red,

do

England.

MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA.

101

Hexangularis mon-

struosa,

reg. dou.

coccinea,

Europe,

England,

Insignis purpurea,

reg. sing.

warrata,

do

do.

Knightii,

reg. sing.

warrata,

do

do.

Kermesina,

rreg. dou.

single red.

do

Germany.

Lindria,

irreg. s. d.

aitonia,

do

England.

Lucida,

reg. dou.

single red.

do

do.

Mme. Adelaide,

reg. dou.

single red.

do

Paris, Tampo-
net.

Milleri,

irreg. dou.

double red,

do

England.

Minuta,

irreg. full.

aitonia.

do

do.

Myrtifolia,

reg. full,

unknown,

Japan,

England, 1808.

do. Grandiflora,

reg. full.

unknown.

China,

Paris, Noisette.

Papaveracea,

reg. sing.

single red,

Europe,

England.

Parksii vera,

irreg. full.

rubra plena,

do

do.

Prascellentissima,

reg. dou.

warrata.

do

Germany.

Pictorum coccinea,

reg. dou.

warrata,

do

Milan, Sacco.

Platipetala,

irreg. full,

rubra plena.

do

England.

*Rubra simplex,

reg. sing.

species.

Japan,

do. 1739.

Rubra plena,

irreg. full.

rubra simplex.

do

Eng., in 1794,
by Preston.

Rubra maxima,

irreg. full,

do.

do

England.

Rossi,

irreg. full,

do.

Europe,

Germany.

Rex Bataviae,

reg. dou.

rubricaulis,

do

Belgium.

Rawsiana or Roscii,

irreg. full,

rubra plena.

do

Germany.

Rossiana superba,

irreg. s. d.

rubra simplex,

do

Italy.

Sanguinea,

reg. sing.

do.

do

England.

Staminea plena,

irreg. full.

rubra plena.

do

Germany.

Superbissima,

reg. dou.

aitonia.

do

Milan, Sacco.

Sparmanniana,

reg. dou.

spathulata.

do

England.

Splcndens vera,

reg. full,

rubra plena.

do

Eng., Clapponi.

Speciosa vera.

reg. full.

do.

Japan,

Capt. Rawes.

Tamponeana,

reg. dou.

rubra simplex.

Europe,

Paris, Tampo-

net.
England, 1816.

W;?rr:it3, or Ane.

reg. dou.

unknown.

do

SECOND GAMUT.

CARNATION COLOR.

(Page 81. — Dominant color. Rose lake and cinnabar, as in Nos. 1, 2, of the colored table.)

N.ime of Camellia.

Form.

Species and variety.

Origin.
Europe,

Introduction.

Albalutescens,

reg. dou.

pomp. s. f.

England.

Incarnata,

reg. full.

unknown.

China,

Lady Hume,
1806.

Carnea,

reg. full,

do.

do

England, 1806.

Kewblush,

reg. full.

do.

Europe,

England.

102

MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA.

SECOND GAMUT.

ORANGE RED, MORE OR LESS DE

(Page 82. — Lake mixed with red cinnabar, as in Nos. I, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8, of the

colored table.)

Name of Camellia.

Form.

Species and variety.

Origin.

Introduction.

Anemone flora var.

sinensis,

reg. full,

rubra plena,

Europe,

England.

Atrorubens,

irreg. full.

single red,

do

do.

Augusta rubra au-

rantiaca,

irreg. dou.

corallina.

do

do.

Chandlerii,

reg. full.

corallina.

do

Eng., Chandler,
1829.

Cactiflora,

reg. dou.

pink.

do

Italy, Milan.

Conspicua,

reg. full,

corallina.

do

England.

China, (Tat.)

irreg. full,

rubra plena,

do

do.

China large.

irreg. full.

rubra plena,

do

do.

Derbiana vera.

reg. dou.

corallina.

do

do.

Eximia vera.

reg. full.

corallina,

do

do.

Incomparabilis,

reg. sing.

aitonia,

do

Germany.

Ingnescens,

irreg. dou.

single red,

do

do.

Lauckmanni,

reg. sing,

single red,

do

Belgium.

Magniflora plena,

reg. full.

rubra plena.

do

Eng., Hamet of
Claftham.

Punicsflora,

irreg. s. d.

warrata,

do

Angers, Cachet,
1828.

Parviflora,

reg. full.

rubricaulis,

do

do. do.

Palmeri purple

warrata,

irreg. dou.

warrata,

do

do. do.

Reewesii,

irreg. dou.

coccinea,

do

do. do.

Revisa,

irreg. dou.

pseoniasflora,

do

do. do.

Rivinii,

irreg. dou.

coccinea,

do

do. do.

Rives nova,

irreg. full,

rubra plena,

do

do. do.

FIRST GAMUT,

GROUND WHITE, SPOTTED OR STRIPED WITH ROSE

(Page 86.)

FIRST D I V I S I

0 N .

Name of Camellia.

Form.

Species and variety.

Origin.

Introduction.

Bancksii,

irreg. full,

pomponia,

Europe,

England,

Dianthiflora striata

plena.

irreg. dou.

pompcnia.

do

Italy, Milan.

Dclicatissima,

irreg. full,

pomp. simp.

do

England.

Elegantissima,

irreg. dou.

single red,

do

Germany.

Gloria mundi.

irreg. full,

pomponia,

do

Belgium.

Imperialis,

irreg. full,

pomponia.

do

Eng., Press.

Imbricata alba.

reg. full.

alba simplex.

do

England.

MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA.

103

Punctata simp.,

reg. sing.

single red,

Europe,

Eng., Pres.

Picturata,

irreg. full,

pink,

do

do. do.

Regina Gallianim,

irreg. full,

pomponia pi.

do

do. do.

Sabina,

irreg. dou.

unknown,

do

Hor. Society,
London.

Stryphosa,

reg. dou.

unknown.

do

Germany.

Spoffortiana,

irreg. full.

warrata,

do

England.

Victoria antwerpi-

ensis,

irreg. dou.

pink,

do

Belgium.

FIRST GAMUT.

GROUND ROSE STRIPED OR WITH CHERRY

(Page 88. — As in No. !, of the colored table.)

SECOND DIVISION.

Name of Camellia.

Form.

Species and variety.

Origin.

Introduction.

Colvillii vera.

irreg. full.

pomponia s.

Europe,

England, 1829.

Gray Venus or

Eclipse,

irreg. full,

pomponia s.

do

Eng., Press.

Punctata major,

irreg. dou.

unknown.

do

do. do.

Punctata plena,

irreg. full.

pomponia s.

do

do. do.

Rosa Mundi,

irreg. full.

do.

do

do. do.

Splendida,

irreg. full.

do.

do

do. do.

Venusta,

irreg. full,

do.

do

do. do.

FIRST GAMUT.

GROUND CLEAR OR DEEP CHERRY
WITH WHITE.

(Page 89.)

THIRD DIVISION.

STRIPED

Name of Camellia.

Form.

Species or variety.

Origin.

Introduction.

Agla:,

irreg. dou.

pink.

Europe,

France.

Adonidea,

irreg. full.

pomponia,

do

Belgium.

Cariopyhllas flora.

reg. sing.

warrata.

do

England.

Coronata rosea,

reg. dou.

coccinea,

do

England, Low.

Cardinalis,

irreg. s, d.

variegata,

do

Belgium.

Donklseri,

reg. s. d.

unknown,

Japan,

Siebold, 1833.

Fioniana,

irreg. dou.

variegata,

Europe,

Paris.

Melinetti,

irreg. dou.

pink,

do

Nantes, Meli-

Marmorata,

irreg. dou.

do.

do

Belgium.

Phillippi I., or

Mexicana,

irreg. dou.

do.

do

Milan, Sacco.

Variegata plena.

irreg. dou.

unknown.

Japan,

Eng., 1792, C.
Conner.

do. Monstruosa,

irreg. dou.

do.

Europe,

England.

Versicolor,

irreg. dou.

3ink,

do

do.

104-

MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA.

SECOND GAMUT.
BICOLORED FLOWERS.

GROUND YELLOWISH CARNATION S T R 1 P K D WITH W H I T K

(Page 92.)

FIRST DIVISION.

Name of Camellia.

Form.

Species or variety.

Origin. 1 Introduction

Ochroleuca,
Swetla vera.

reg. dou.
reg. dou.

unknown,
do.

Japan,
Europe,

Eng., Siebold,

1833.
Eng., Swet.

SECOND GAMUT.

BICOLORED FLOWERS.

GROUND CLEAR OR DEEP ORANGE RED, STRIPED
OR SPOTTED WITH WHITE.

(Page 92.)

SECOND DIVISION,

Name of Camellia.

Form.

Species or variety.

Origin.

Introduction.

Chandler! i striata,

reg. full.

corallina,

Europe,

Eng., Chandler

Cuninghami,

irreg. dou.

rubricaulis.

do

do.

Imbricata tricolor,

irreg. s. d.

unknown.

Japan,

Siebold.

Laukiana,

irreg. full,

rubra simp.

Europe,

England.

Leana superba,

irreg. dou.

unknown,

Japan,

Eng., Siebold.

Master double red,

irreg. dou.

pink.

Europe,

England.

Warrata flanunula,

irreg. s. d.

warrata,

do

France.

D. H. HILL LfBRARY
North Carolina State College

ALPHABETICAL
INDEX

ALPHABETICAL INDEX.

PAGE

Adonidea 91

Aglae 91

Aitonia 5 1

Altonla 74

Alba Lutescens or Roseoflorescens 82

Alba plena +6

Alba simplex 46

Alexandrlana 73

Altheaeflora 73

Aluntii superba or Almets superba 56

Amabilis 46

Amaena 56

Amerstla 56

Amplissima 5 1

Anemonaeflora, Alba Plena 46

Anemonaeflora, Warrata carnea 47

Anemonaeflora warrata sinensis 83

Anemora mutabilis 73

Anemora warrata rosea 73

Apollina 5 1

Atrorubens 83

Atroviolacea 73

Aucubaefolia 55

Augusta 56

Augusta rubra aurantiaca 84

Axillaris 46

Banksii 87

Belle Henriette 57

Belle Rosalie 56

Berlesiana fulgens 74

Berlesiana rubra 57

Blackburniana 73

Blanda 57

Boumanni 57

Braxilliensis 74

Brooksiana 57

Buckliana 56

PACE

Cactiflora 85

Camptoniana 59

Candidissima 47

Cardinalis 92

Cariophyllae flora 91

Carnea __._ 83

Carolus 59

Celsisana 59

Chamlerii 58

Chandlerii 84

Chandlerii striata 94

Charles Auguste 59

China or Rives-nova 84

China large 84

Cliviana 58

Coccinea 74

CoIIa 59

Colored 51

Colvillii vera 90

Compacta 47

Concinna 74

Conchata 59

Conchiflora 58

Conchilflora nova 58

Conspicua 84

Corollina 75

Coronata rosa 91

Cramoisina Pamentieri 58

Crassinervia 57

Crouyoud (Lord) 5 1

Cuninghammi mutabilis 94

Curvatheoefolia 47

Dahliaeflora 52

Decora 59

Delicatissima 87

Derbiana vera 85

Dernii or Augustae 75

108

MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA.

PAGE

Dianthiflora 91

Dianthiflora striata plena 87

Dilecta _..-. 7 5

Dionthiflora, Cariophyllae-flora,

Knightil or Carnation VVarrata .. 60

Donklacri _-.. - -- 92

Dorsctti or Parthoniana 60

Eclipse .-— 90

Egcrtonia 75

Elegans 61

Elegans Chandlerii - 60

Elcgantissima 61

Elegantissima - 88

Elphinstonia 75

Empereur d'Austriche — . — 61

Excclsa 48

Excclsiana 60

Eximia vera 85

Exonlensis 60

Expansa 52

Euryoides - 48

Fascicularis 61

Fasciculata .— 52

Flmbriata 48

Fioniana 92

Flacclda - 62

Flammea 76

Florida 61

Fordii 62

Formosa 62

Formosissima 62

Fraaeri 62

Fulgens 76

Fulgentissima 62

Fulgida 76

Gallica alba
Gigantea ....

48
62

PAGE

Gloria bclgica 76

Gloria mundi .._ 88

Gloriosa 63

Grandiflora simplex _ 63

Granclli 48

Gray _ 90

Gray Venus 90

Gussonia 52

Hcrbcrtli ._ . 64

Heterophylla _._. 64

Heterophylla vera 52

Hcugmaniana 76

Hexangularis monstruosa 76

Hibbcrtia 63

Hollesia 63

Hosackia 63

Humboldtiana 64

Husseyussoni 63

Hybrida colorata 64

Iddebiana 65

Ignescens 85

Imbricata 64

Imbricata Alba 88

Imbricata tricolor 94

Imperialis 88

Incarnata 83

Incomparabilis 85

Insignis alba 64

Insignis de Tat - 65

Insignis purpurea 76

Insignis rubra 65

Johnsonii 76

Kermesina 77

Kewblush 8 3

Kmy 48

Knightii 77

Knightii eximia 65

MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA.

109

PAGE

Lacteola ^^

LambertH . ^^

LatifoHa nova 65

Lauchmani 86

Leana superba 95

Leindlega 52

Lindbria 77

Loukiana 94

Lucida 77

Macrophylla 65

Madame Adelaide 77

Magniflora plena „. 86

Magniflora simplex 66

Marmorata 92

Master double red 94

Mastererii 78

Melinetti 92

Mexicana - — . 93

Milleri 77

Minuta 78

Miss Rosa 66

Moencii 92

Mutabilis traversii 66

Myrtifolia or involuta 78

Myrtifolia grandiflora 78

Nannetensis 66

New-imported 66

48

Nivea

Nobilissima

49

Oleifera 49

Oleaefolia latifolia 49

Ornata 67

Osburnea 66

Oxoniensis 67

Paeniaeflora rosea, or rubra 53

Paeniaeflora rubra 68

Palmerii alba or Pomponia semi-plena 49

Palmerii purple warrata — 86

Palmerii rubra 68

Papaveracea '8

Paradoxa ^8

Parcksii striped — 68

Parksii-vera — '"

Parthoniana — ^'

Parviflora 86

Pencillata ^^

Percy ae

67

Perle des camellia 53

PhiUippe 1 92

Pictanata - ^^

Pictorum coccinea — 79

Pinck -- 53

Platipetola '^

Plumonia ^^

Pomponia plena

Praecellentissima ^^

Preston Eclipse ^^

Pulchella ^^

Pulcherrima, or Rollenl 53

Q1

Punctata major

Punctata plena ^^

Punctata plena "'

Punctata simplex or single-striped 89

Punicaeflora 86

Radiata ^^

Rawsian.i or Roscii 80

Reewcsii vera 86

Regina galliarum or Eclipse 89

Reine des Pays-Bas 68

Renira ^"^

Resplendens ^^

Reticulata ^^

Rex Bataviae ^^

Rivinii ^^

Rolissoni ^^

110

MONOGRAPHY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA.

PAGE

Rosaeflora - 70

Rosa mundi 91

Rosa punctata 70

Rosa sinensis 69

Roscii or Rawsiana 80

Roseana 54

Rosea Plena 5 3

Rossi 80

Rossiana superba 80

Rubra Plena 79

Rubra simplex or japonica 79

Rubricaulis 69

Sabina 89

Sanguinea 81

Sassanqua 50

Sassanqua rosea plena or multiflora 54

Scintillous 70

Senicea 70

Sinensis Rosea 54

Sophiana 71

Sparmaniana 81

Spatulatae - 72

Speciosa vera 81

Spectabilis 54

Splendens vera 81

Splendida 90

Splendid! id 91

Splendidissima Berl 50

Spoffortiana 89

Staminea plena 81

Staminea simplex or Pinckolor 71

Stryphosa 89

Superba 71

Superbissima 81

Swctia vera 93

Tamponeana 82

Thcresiana 55

Thunbergia 71

Triumphans 72

Variegata monstruosa .l 93

Variegata plena 93

Venosa 5 5

Venusta 90

Venusta id — 91

Venustissama 72

Versicolor - - 93

Veymaria — - 50

Victoria antwerpensis 89

Virginica 55

Warrata or anemonae flora 82

Warrata flammula 95

Warrata striata — - 72

Wilbanksiana, or heptangularis 50

Wilbrohamia 55

Wiltonia 55

Woodsii 72

Woodtiana 72