sesey pees betasctess 033) tt pe yorker ete ake Hy eyspeees ree} Trt es sseeriae bs esoazse3 rt at secett stietass srt aspsssesa sate stats eae ert g : at detente eaetenea a : ee Fe Be 4: arts 2 Stan Sather theneaint Piatt f Peete By ryt tf 3 Sit ist ‘ esad fat rH ‘ paths eiaiae “5 ie satay abzase PUTT usted 3 : Sesh) ee - estar - agated F SHY rer a4 re ¢ z ‘ ests teeta ‘adalatage 3 ; rete) i 33 . ia; ER 3 gestasiear ac eetepatetel Topi abtisa a i : ies i oie Ye Fas ai: see ry fei in ‘ aha ed a if ad a3 rth rt ec TL LY . h ; a CV } y ' ; { j - ' FRED. COOKE. Ai Pan * iy : ; : ie 7 ore . > 7 7 - a | | , aS eo ve PE YT yy, . | =i 5. ae ar te er - ©) ages 54 ae Grarenau -Sdunbearg Mari{rsbery abo a 3 me is Weta sin ald kirgl ost Ops < Mabrunn Hinsha wide a fistult By Su Pingctiing Lembach ty 1 wn — fe Ss jieburd aul rai Veripeovia Lhvna y Weuielten Dany, , Weiterede a f he Moen toi WekePads Wrekerit oye AG We Kornnen, y) MT Te ee shih, I we Thazisicin (uct Jubargxe Plantar a ho , , shine Waller Mali chine ety ae mi A mart bruebuch Mari ing 1° Luin? larenhein oot vyune tein 7 cichenhal \ Doblach Mitetwatde Wg Trixeny *Nilerbor? ollinan - fave futela firrogfilore ju Ss Pe i weligrce ye" Wie SAronnnann L ipa F 7 . ye nica it. eee Mule Muliran a eS ey ey a jo Ypres Dota Sand stead aS erg Titfn pital } tr Chain 8 Frac NW. trnoldstein . Parner a € CAs By: 2 Maurer steinaeh hy Se Diary Tren Desonbrer, S.Polfen. Bevel bury yin wil MN ironetbady i@ z x uta Baden er Waraplorr’ 600 “Sohdaning Bellow Upr=hoten Revhnit= aing Pollatt sharvpur Gisingen take = 9d Hy lor ‘ rest ‘ll BY syars' What 3 ve Sziifg Peldback oGrutee Lent Sendahels ery ‘piindischyrute Meivtrite Ganowiz ER oN tudeniz st with the — oa pe Yonnaing > Scale of English Miles 60% to Deg. (ae oD ae a 30 Oerman Miles 15 to Deg. ksorna Tipoal ahem f Papa, ‘| SAO THE ! MONTHLY ‘ MEAGAZIN Ey OR, BRITISH REGISTERS Anclusing MISCELLANEOUS COMMUNICATI- |] ACCOUNT OF ALL NEW PATENTS. ONS FROM CORRESPONDENTS, LIST OF NEW BOOKS AND IMPORe ON ALL SUBJECTS OF LITERA- TATIONS. JURE AND SCIENCE. REGISTER OF DISEASES IN LONDON. MEMOIRS OF DISTINGUISHED PER- SONS RETROSPECT OF PUBLIC AFFAIRS- ORIGINAL LETTERS, ANECDOTES, LIST OF BANKRUPTCIES AND Di- &c. VIDENDS POETRY. DOMESTIC OCCURRENCES CLASSED AND ARRANGED IN THE GEOGRA- PHICAL ORDER OF THE COUN- TIES. PROCEEDINGS OF LEARNED SOCIE- || MARRIAGES, DEATHS, BIOGRAPHIe- bea : CAL MEMOIRS, &C. LITERARY AND PHILOSOPHICAL INTELLIGENCE. REVIEW OF THE NEW MUSIC. REPORT OF THE STATE OF COM- REVIEW OF THE FINE ARTS. MERCE, &c. ‘REVIEW OF ENGLISH, AND FRENCH || REPORT OF AGRICULTURE, &¢, “LITERATURE. REPORT OF THE WEATHERe VOL. XX. PART II. For 180 . _——————— nl London ; ‘Painrep ror RICHARD PHILLIPS, No. 6, New BripGe-STReeT, “By whom Communications (Poft-paid) are thankfully received. ; (Price Twelve Shillings half-bound. ) | Printed by J. Antanp, Duke-street, West-Smithfield. _— AG Pat Ws la dghclot aH axuda Fee | 4 ) A ane Ye gt y 1 On the 28th of Fuly was publifhed, the SupPremEenTARY Numngk to the Nineteenth Volume of the MontHLY MAGAZINE, containing—a comprehenfive Retrofpee? of the Progref- » fron of Britisu Literature during the laft fix Months—and fimilar Retio[pees of Fo REIGN LITEKATURE 3 MONTHLY HE “MAGAZINE. with InpExes, TITLE, Se. No. 132.] AUGUST 1, 1805. [1, of Vou. 20. ORIGINAL COMMUNICATIONS. To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. SIR, “JAVING read with confiderable pleafure, in the lat Number of the Monthly Magazine, a very ingenious Paper “© On the Hiftory of Coaches in Modern Europe,” by the author of the & Antiquary,” I am induced to fend you the refult of fome further refearches on the fubje&t ; more particularly becaufe the valuable communication to which I have alluded, is filent as to the origin of the term coach, and is not quite compleat as to the firft invention of ‘this ufeful ve- hicle. Johnfon, in his Dictionary, fays, that the coach is an Hungarian invention, and Kitfee, a imall town not far from Pref burg, has been fuppofed, hy fome good antiquaries, to have given itsnime to this vehicle, as being the place where it was firft fabricated, To {ome antiquarians, the words kit/ee and coach may be frik- ingly alike; for Fifher, I think, in prov- ing the common origin of the Hungarians _ and Finlanders, exclaims, ‘* Quantula eff ea differentia nominum Ugar et Vogul.”” One D. Cornides, however, printed a fhort Paper in the- Hungarian Magazine, which is more to the purpofe. <«* That vehicle (fays he) which in German” is called a kut{che (coach), and which,’ on account of its great convenience, is intro- duced into all the countries of Europe, has, as it is well known, in other European languages, nearly the fame name. ‘This would lead one to conjecture, with proba- bility, that the vehicle, and Nkewife its name, originated and was in ufe-with one people only, fromm whence other nations tock the invention and the name. An infinity of examples fupport the juftnefs of the conjefture : thus, for example, the , French word minuet is retained inall other languages, as this dance was invented in France, trom whence, by degrees, it pals. ¢d into other countries. Such’ a gene- rally réceived word is kutfche, Thofe; Montury Mag, No. 132. therefore, who have attempted to give the origin of this word, cught to have examin. ed in what country coaches were firft made, As long as this point remains undetermin- ed, all etymological derivations of the word katjche reit upon very uncertain conjectures, as it has been obferved b the celebrated Swedifh profeffor. John Thre, in his Gloffarizn Suingothicum, tom. i. col. 1178, piinted at Upfal in 1760.— Thefe are his words : * Kufk, auriga.— Proprie ipfum carpentum videtur deno- tare. Gail. Cocher. — Hifo, id. —Tial. Cocchio.— Ang]. Coach.—Hung. Cotczy. Belg. Geife.—Germ. Kuifehe; qui vero ejufmedi vehicula dirigit, Anglis Coach- man dicivur, quod brevius aliz lingus reddidere, ut Galli Cacher, nos Kufk, di- centes. Cujus vero originis fit, diétu dif. ficile eft, quum igsoremus cujus populi inventum fint camerata hee vehicula.— Latinum facit Mezagius, et quidem longo circuitu a wvebiculum formatum 3 Funixs, paulo: minus operole, Grecum ab o'xew, veho 3; Wachterus, Germanicum a kutten, tegere 3 Lye, Belgicum a hot/cin, cubere, ut proprie leéticam fignificet. Puizetereo alias aliorum conjecturas,” ‘* T venture’ (fays Cornides) to prove, by evident teftimonies, that this carriage criginated in Hungary, and that it hes received the name kut/che from the place of its invention or nativity, if I may fo exprefs myfelf, and that it has been pro- pagated to other nations. I will bring forward my iureties. “* The firft is, John Lifthius, Bifhop of Wefprim, and Chancellor to the Court, one of the mot able men ofhistime. He had written with his own hand feveral fort but very ufeful remarks on the mar- gin of the Decades of Bonfinius, which he had received from the celebrated John Sambucus as a prefent. Among the re~ marks of Lifthius upon fome of the paf- fages of Bonfinius, the following appear particulavly remarkable : § Bonfin. decad. 4. lib, i. relates, that A the 2 } On the Hiflory of Coaches, Sev the King, Matthias Corvinus, often ufed to have for his amufement combats on horfeback and in carriages, and makes ufe of the expreffion, ‘ aurigatione affidua ulus eft,” &c.” This expreffion of Bon- ficius gave Lifthius the occafion'to fub- join this marginal interpretation. ¢ Bi- zony cochis nem volt. Romanus enim ilte mos jam olim tum delierat,; nifi forte dicerevelit, curru Aochy (it is pronounced kot) vedkum, cujus Rex primus inventor _— xs “a. fuit.’ * «The fecond witnels is, Stephan Bro- derethus, who, in the deicription of the battle loft at Mohatlch, in.1526, relates the following of Paul Tomory, Archbi- : fhop of Kolot{eha.—* Ubi exploratum ha- buit Turcee in Hongariam‘adventum, non couentus id, per literas et nuncios fzpe antea regi fignificafle, confcenfis raptim levibus curribus, quos nos-a loco Kohze appellamus, vigefiina Martii, ad regem tine Vifice radi agentem, repente advolat,’ é&c. “ The third is, Sigifmund Baron of Herber fein, the Imperial Ambaffador at “the Court o° the King ef Hungary, Louis li. in bis much efeemed * Commentarius de Rebus Muicaviticis’ (Bafil, 1571, fol. ws page 145), where, accidentally mention- ing fome polt ftations in Hungary, is a peflage which merits attention. It is . this :—* Quarta (refpiratio equorum et peimutatio) fed infra Jaurinum miliari- bus, in pago Cotzi, a quo et rectores cur- rus nomen acceperunt, Cofzi que achuc pipmifcue appellantur.’ * Further, Frederick Nofileder, a wri- ter of the fixteenth century, feems to ac- knowledge, likewife, the Hungarian origin of coaches, when, in his Work upon the German War, p. 612, he exprefles him- felf ahus:—* The Emperor Chailes V. _ Jaid himéelf to fleep in an Hungarian coach (eutfchwagen), as he bad the gout.” Further proofs would be unneceflary ;, but it may be neceflary toadd a few words upon the immoderate ufe which the Hun- garians made of this national inventicn. As the coach, even in Hungary, in the middle of the fixteenth century, was fome- what {catce, it is no wonder that every Hongarian wifhed to travel in them, and even to ule them in the field 5 and that it was neceflary to put aftop to this abufe by a law of the land. For this purpofe, 11 a degree of 1523, Art. 20,-a law runs thus :-—** Et qued nobiles unius feficnis ; per fingula capita pariter infurgere et ad- ) Venire teneaniur, et mon iz ket/i, prout ple- nique folent, fed exercituantium more, E | pAugy fy vel equites, vel pedites, ut pugnare pof- fint, venire fint obligati.”.—It is likewife worth while, on quoting this aét, to add this circumftance, as a farther fupport of the opinion of the coach being an Hun- gariae invention, that, at firlt, we kitew not how to name this carriage in Latin, which was unknown to the Greeks and Romans,but by fimply calling it, as in the Hongarian, hotf, or fomctimes currum kotfi. Some paflages of the Manvfcript Lift of the Royal Expenditure of Hungary for the year 1526 may alfo be referred to, of which Father Pray, im the Aonal,. Reg. Hung. P. U. p. 101, has communicated to usa valuable fragment, where it is faid in the note g—* Pro folutione kot/y dati funt in cupreis flor. 50 5” and in the ncte r. ¢ Pro expenfis et folutione kotfy ad Virnnam et ex quo Vienna tandem equum emere debebit, dati funt in cupreis floreni 753° andiagain in the note ft, ‘* Pro lolu- tione triumcurruum fot/y, 8c.” Since, from thefe teftimonies, it is fuffi- cieotly evident that the honour of the ih- vention is due to Hungary,, and’ that even the word kut/che owes its originto a place of this fame name in Hungary, it may feem furprifing that Jofeph Benko fhouid aflert, in his Tranfylvania, P. I. p. 3805 that the Hungarian word Agtfi is derived from the German word kuifche, fince the thing is quite the reverfe. . Even alearned German,'a contemporary of King Mate thias Corvinus, John Culpinianus, pro- - perly called Spiefshammer, phyfician and counfellor to the Emperor Maximilian fT. and who was, as he fays himfelf, withia the fpace of five years, fent twenty-four times to Hungary as ambaffador, plainly fgys, in his ‘* Diarium de Congreffu Max- imiliani I, Caes. cum Vladiflao, Ludo- vico, et Sigifmundo, Hufgariz, Bohen.iz, ac Poloniz Regibus, in Mat. Bel’s Adpa- ratus ad Hift. Hung. dec. i. monum. vi. p- 292, that kotfchiz is a native Hunga-- rian word ; for when he gives us a de- fcription of the folemn entry of the Empe- ror Maximilian I. and the three before- mentioned kings into Vienna, of which ceremony he himfelf’ was an eye-witnels, and eyen concerned. in, he fays, as fome- thing charafteriftic ef the Hungarian pomp, **- Vehebantur multi (Hungaro- rum). in curribus il.is velocibus, quibus- nomen eft patria lingua koft/chi.”” - The only remaining difficulty is as to the place where they were firft invented, _and which is called by Broderith Koteze, but by the Baron of Herberftern, Cot2z2.— EBrederith is fiient as to the tase > this- 4805.) this place, and to judge according to the fituation of Cot2i, as determined, it can be no other than the market-town' Kit/ee, in the county of Wiefelberg, and the fmall difference of the two names Kotz and Kit/ee ought not te dilturb us, for it 4s highly probable that formerly it was ot written and pronounced as it is now, Kitfee, but Kotfee. At leat, in 1515, Cufpinianus, in his Diarium, called this place Kot/ee,as may be een in Bel, p. 288, where it is faid, «* Qui (Maximiliani I. Caes. Oratores, in quibus et ipfe Culpini- anus erat) xiv. dicJulii invenerunt Regem Hungariz Uladiflaum cum liberis fu’s in quodam caftro Kot/ee, cui adjicet Villa prope Danubium.” And Mat. Bel. adds the following note (g) on the word Kott- ze.—‘* Vetuset genuina apud Germancs K6ptfinii Mofoniendum oppidi adpellatio, accenofotitu, quem Danubii olim deluyia talem faciebant, deduéta: jam Kot/ee vo- cant. Vide Operis noliri tom. 5. in Hiit. Com, Mofonienfis, parte Spe. Memb. 1, Se&t. 1, No. 4.” ‘Likewife Gerhardus de Roo, librarian an Infpruck to the Archduke, a writer of the 16th century, mentions this marke ‘town under the name of Coche, which, ac- cording to the French, and, at that time, the Hungarian manner of reading, mutt be pronounced like Kott/chee, in the time of Matt. Corvinus, appears from his co- temporary ‘Bonfinius, who, in dec. iii. hb. y- writes it likewile Coche.—* Qui (he fays) in Ungarie finibus ad Coche oppi- dum cum gubernatoye conveniart.”” Your Jearned Correfpondent has given fo complete an account of the introduction of thele vehicles of expedition and eafe Goto other countries, that it is impoffible for me to make any addition to it, Your’s, &c. Toa a To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. SIR, HE Jittle difference in opinion be- tween N, N. and me, on the general ature of the verb confider, Seems, by his candid acknowledgment in your laft Num- ber, to be very much diminifhed. In one relpect we are flilla litte at variance.— NN. originsliy afferted, among other # ings, that confider was never uled, ina cstain fenfe, by Addifon, or any elegant writer, without being exprelsly followed by as. Although T infilted that 7 did not confider the ule of ‘© as” as effential even in that fenfe, I did not utterly proferibe its ule, oy deny, that, in many inflances, it might be expreffed with much propri- The Verb Confider Re-confidere. he, \ ety ; and, at the fame time, T preduced a quotation from Addifon, in direét refuta-. tion of his unlimited aflertion. But N. N. meft find a better criterion of , the truth of any rule of fystax, or of the gram- matical correctnefs of any expreffion, than either his own ‘ feeling,’’ be it ever fo refined, fince feeling, like found, is a very inadequate teft of fenfe or of grammatical correctnefs.; or the fuppofed “ indication of not haying finifhed a fentence ;’’ tor, when I fay, ‘¢ £ confider the man truly great,” I have uttered a complete f-ntence, although I may add, ** who loves. his country.” ‘Claufis may be added to fen- .tences already complete, withour end ; - and I may fill farther continue N. N.’s example, ending with * as the ‘peculiar glory of the Englifh crown,” ‘by adding, © as being a fiiend to the people,’ and as having efientially contributed feo the per- manent eftablifament of their rights; privi- Jeges;2 &c. Neither will the ‘* tempo- rary ambiguity or mifapprehenficn’’ at- tending detached fentences, which may be occalioned by various circumitances, militate in any degree dgain{t their gram - matical corre€inefs. Otherwife he may be compelled to rank among inftances cf not ** good writing,” fuch expreffions as 6 T confider him as a creat man,” becauf , perhaps, it may not be immediately ob- vious whether ** great man” refers to “T” orto ‘“*him.” A fentence is one, clear, diftin& enunciation of thought and, according to this definition, <* I cor- fider Alfred (to be) the greateit of Saxon kings,” is a complete fentence, and fufcep- tible of one plain meaning. Thofe ad- jun&s which N. N. calls parenthetical, are merely explanatory, and are juined to the object Alfred by appofition; and, to diftinguith them from what conftitutes the light, manner, or view, in which Al- fred “is confidered, viz. *¢ the peculiar glory of the Englifth crown,” as, for the fake of perfpicuity, is not unaptly ufed. But I contend, that its exprefs ufe is not effential, for that, in an enumeration of circurmitances, the objeét of confideration and its adjonéts follow the verb, and the fentence naturally concludes, without the indifpenfable aid of as, with thefe words which convey and particularly fpecify the light, view, or manner, in which the ob- ject, with all its adjunéts, is to be confi- dered. The quotation from the Plalms feems to be periectly irrelevatit. For we are now {peeking of the verb ccafider ina ceriain figurative fenfe; whereas, in that verfe, it feems to be ufed im the literal fenfe of looking at, viewing, bebcldirgy Az ‘ Ply — a fe “vy ey a oe. 4 Influence of Methodifm on the Church of England. or obfervings in which as is, I believe, ne- ver admitted. But I do not perceive the mighty metamorphofis which it muft ne- ccflariiy produce in that verfe, wire it even introduced. ‘* When I copfider (or look up at) the heavens, the work of thy hands,” or, & which are the work of thy hands,” or, “as being the work of thy hands,” feem to me fo nearly fynonimous, that I can fee no danger to be apprehend- ej, as refuiting from the promifcuous ufe of thefe different forms of expreffion. The truth is, and N. N. does not feem fully aware of it, that as, though gene: rally ranked among particles, was origi- nally a pronoun, of fimilar import. to it, that, or which 3 and the propriety of ils origina’, diftin@ive appellation is particu larly obvious in fome Sentences, in which it is ufed asa nominative or an acculative.— Ex. As a nominative: ‘* The contents are as follow;” i.e. ave (thole) awbich tol- low; not very different from the expre fion without as, ** the contents follow.’* Asan accufative: ‘* The-fame action as (or which, bcih being offen omitted by ellipfis), he confidered bad, was highly ex- tolled.’ In the fame manner, when I fay, ** Iconfiser him @sa good man,” if the ellipfis is fully fupplied, the words willrun thas: “* I confider him (to be) what a god man is,” or rather, “ I contider him (to be that) which I confider a good man to be 5” an expreffion noi ef- {cotially different from ** I confider him to be a.good man.’” So that, upon the whole, the absence or prefence of this little monoly'lable has neceffarily little, if any, influence upon the eftablifhment of the figurative meaning of the verb cow/fider. In the fame way it is that we find e/eem, account, reckon, &c. in daily ule, with or without as, their re{pective intrinfic figni- fications undergoing thereby little or no’ alteration,. But, being afraid that you and your readers will confider the fubject trite, or, as having been nearly exhautted, I fhail add not a’word more, than that I am, with great confideration, Sir, Your’s, &c. Jou Grouch-End, Fuly 4; 1805. P. S.. In my la®, you made me fay, contro- wertible exovenions. ‘1 certainly méant, and believe did write, convertible expretiions. "oe To the E.iter of the Monthly Magazine. SIR, MONG the fpecu'ations of our pe- Mw rlodics! critics E have cbferved one aniintained with conliderable confidence, sclative 10 tne ‘upocted danger cf the En- rapid advance of Methodi!m. (Aug. 1, glih Ecclefiaftical Ef@ablithment from the This is a point of fufficieot intereft and curiofity to deferve the difcuflion even of thofe who are indifferent as to the religious fyftems which might be finally triumphant in the conteft ; and I fhali requeft the indul. | gence of one or two of your pages for the perpo'e. ; That the Church of England might re~ main the fame with refpect to her hier- archy, her liturgy,.and her emoluments (in which her effence properly confifts), were the doétrinal principles of the Me. thodilts to become uniyerfally prevalent, no argument, I conceive, is neceflary to prove, Their doétrines, indeed, are al- leged to be ftriftly thofe of her Articles ; and however Ca'viniftical thefe may be, they feem to have no repugnance to ally themielves with clerical dignities and gocd livings, The danger, then, if any, will not arife from Methediftical church- men, but from Methodifts turned Dife fenters; that is, from thofe who, more zea- lous for de€trines than for rites and ondi- nances, when unprovided with fpiritual food to their tafte in their parifh-churches, will feek it in meetings and conveniicles, And it cannot be doubted, that if the Church itfelf negleéts to fupply her mem- bers with that kind of intiruétion which experience demonftrates to be the moft ac- ceptable to the majority, fhe will find her- felf deferted by numbers, notwithftanding the attra&lions of outward {plendour and pudlic authority. But, net to mention that her minifters have the remedy in their own hands, whenever they chute to preach conformably to their fubfe:ibed Articles of Faith, thould even the worft bappeny and the majority of ferious believers in the kingdom become feparatifis. T do not fee that the ecclehafical eftablifhment would be more endangered than many other eftablifhments, which are fupported rather as fources of emolument to a few, than as ufeful or neceflary to the commu- nity. All the great families in the na- tion, who (as the Bifhop of Landaff well obferves) are reverhonary-proprietors of the church-revenues, would continue to fupport a fyfem ‘by. which fo many younger funs and dependents are amply provided for. Ail the petty gentry would with for the continuance of a lucrative profeflion, to which they can devote part of their families at a moderate colt. Ail thofe who, from political | fyitem, are friends to that pomp which impofes on the vulgar aud awes them into fubmiffien, would deprecate the deftructicn of a ee di 1805.] did piece of ftate-machinery. With fuch a number of potent allies, the Church can never fall but in fome grand convulfion of the State, again which no defences are available. Even now her maintenance is far from being voluntary on the part of the contributors ; for there is fcarcely a farmer in the kingdom who does not exe- crate the payment of tythes; yet no at- tempts even to procure an alteration of the mode have had any chance of fuccefs. Tt is now reckoned found doétrine to hold that the revenues of the Church ftand cn juft the fame ground of legality as the eftates of individuals ; and fuch is the tender care'cf her welfare, that, in every commutation of property, fpecial previ- fion is made that fhe fhall lofe nothing, but may gain as muchas fhe can. The @ate of the Church of Treland isa ftriking example of the advantageous pofi- tion occupied by an ecclefiaftical eftablifh- ment. Although ic is the church only of (probably) the tenth part of the people, it is endowed as if providing for the religious wants of the whole ifland. This circum- flance is, indeed, grievoufly complained of, and has been a principal canfe of the difturbances of that ccuntry ; but in none of the conciliatory plans has it been pro- poled to take one fingle living from the Trith Proteftant Chuich, and give it to the Catholic; and the utmoft that has been conceded has been the juftice of per- mitting an additional levy ot public mo- ney for the Catholic and Prefbyterian clergy of Ireland. in the late Catholic Petition, it might be obferved, that parti- cular care was taken to dilavow any in- tention of touching the revenues of the Proveftant Church. Now, it can hardly be conceived, that, at any period, the Me- thodiftical Diffenters of England will be- come proportionally fo numerous and pow- erful as the feparatiits from the national Church of Ireland, One event alone would bring on dan- ger to the Church from a ftrong Metho- diltical party—an unadvifed perfecution ! Let high-churchmen, in this their hour of triumph, beware of a mealure to which fome zealots fem defirous of urging them, Many circumiiances tend to fhow that there is in this nation, rational and enlightened as fome think it, a latent germ of fanaticilm, to the expanfion of which favourable occafions alone are wanting. Perfecution, even of the mode- rate kind that the prefent times would al- Jow, could not fail to give life and vigour ° to this germ, and no one can forefee the 4 Letter to the Editor of the Annual Review. 5 limit of its growth, As quiet diffidents, the Methodifts, however numerous, are not to be feared 5; as provoked and injured feGtaries, they might be rendered really formidable, Your’s, &c. PoLiTEs. SS To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. SIR, : OU will have the goodnefs to infert the following addre{fs in your next publication, which will oblige, Sir, Your obedient Servant, Newcafile, Saran HopGson, Fume 16, 1805. ——— To the Editor of the Annual Review. SIR, IN your Preface to the thrd vclume of the Annual Review you obferve, “© That among the beft friends of this underteking are to be ranked thofe who have favoured the Editor wih their opi- nions on the errors which have here and there infinuated themielves into the two firt volumes.’ After reading the above remark, I can have little hefitation in concluding, that perfons who may point out the errors of the volame now before the public, will be equally entitled to the approbation of the editor. In tke article you have inferted under the title of ‘* Bewick’s Britith Birds,” a kind of hiftory is given of thof- publications, to- gether witn the Hi‘tory of Quadrupeds, (of the Jatter book I am a proprietor) where the circumftances attending each publication are fo blended together, that it is impoilib’e an indifferent reader caz dif- criminate to which each remark attaches. It is the Jot of all editors to be im, poled on by correfponden:s at a diftance, and if you are tenacious of being the faithful reporter of the hiltory either of works, authors, or articles, &c. before your next publication I will fend you fuch documents as will enable you to correct *¢ the errors which have infinuated themfelves into”’ your laft volume (under the above head); by which you will be convinced that Mr. Bewick was ‘neither the original proje&tor nor author of either the ‘* Hiltory of Quadrupeds,” or the firft volume of the * Aiitory of Birds ;°° and likewife by what means his genius as an artilt was firlt brought into celebrity. If fuch things are thought of fufficient confequence to be laid before the public, furely the genuine circumitances are molt worthy ie --- ) . le ee, i ed ee ® avorthy of notice. Mr. Bewick was em- ployed merely as the engraver or wovod- cutter, and that he fhould be held up in the article now under confideration as the Sirf and fole mover of the concern, toge= ther with the infidious ufe which has been made to me of your remarks on the fubject, by a friend of Mr. Bewick’s, Jeave no doubt in my mind from what fource you have had the communication. But how you can have been induced to Jay down a plan to injure me, requires an explanation: you obftrve, “cif, there- fore, he (meaning Mr. Bewick) cannot come to a fettlement with thofe who re- tain a right in the former volume, we truft he will be induced to compole it “anew, or in other words, to make a com- pilation, differing in form and language trom the firft.” My late hufband paid his proportion or fhare of expence both to the perfon who compiled and ar- ranged the le'te:-prefs of the work ; or, In other words, the authors charge for his labours, as he did for the expence of the wood-engrayings — therefore both equally belong to me. Afier ftating that Mr. Beilby had dilpofed of his intercft in . the concern, you likewile obferve, ‘that Mr. Bewirk’s right in the wood-cuts mult be entire, as the has fince publifhed them feparately.*? By an icdifterent reader this obfervation would undoubt- edly be confidered as appertaining to the Hiflory of Quadrupeds. I am almoft certain that he has not pwblified the Fi- gures of the Quadrupeds fepavately. Al- though the figures of the firlt volume of the Hittory of Biids were printed at my office, at the jint expence of Meffrs. Beilby and Bewick, I am not unac- quainted with the nice honour the Lond n publifhers obferve, in not interfering with each other's property, even after the copy-right expires. Few men know the mature of literary property betier than you, I fhould fuppole; yet how you, Sir, could deliberately Jay down dirc&ions, whereby a perfun might elnde the laws injuflice, by robbing me of the profits arifing from the property («hich T hold in trud for my family) both as a printer and a bookleiler, has realiy aftonifhed me, and I feel jt my duty rHUs PUB- LICLY TO CALL UPON YOU FOR AN EXPLANATION. I fhail conclude with obferving, that I have uled every endea- vour ib my power to have the Hiftory of Quidrupeds put to prefs, and af the puoiic have faftained a lols” by the book I ett refinement. of the Jand, and render me an ad? of Correction of a Cenfure of the French Poetic Meafure. [Aug. t,' having been fo long out of print, I have the fatisfaction to fay, I am not to blame, SaraH HopGson, Widow and Executrix of Solomon Neaucaftle. upon-Tyue, Hodgfoa. June 16, 1805. : ~~ ——e To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. SIR, ‘ N a book which the celebrity of its re- puted author induced me_ lately to read, I mean, ‘¢ Hints for Forming the Charafter of a Young Princes,” I find among{t much mifcellaneous matter, the following criticifm on the poetry of a neighbouring naticn, which, as it appears to me to be founded entirely on a mifap- prehenfion of its nature, I thal] make the fubject of a few remarks. The authogs fays, peaking of the Tragedies of Ra- cine, * They poflefs, though conveyed in the poor vehicie of French verfification, all the dramatic requifites ;"’ and to the “obfervation is fubjoiued. the following note :—=** It is a curicus circumflance in the hiftory of French dramatic poetry, that the meafure ufed by their bef poets in their fublimes tragedies is thé anap af- fic, which in our language is not only the lighteft and mioft usdignified of all the po- etic meafures, Wut is fill more degraded by being chiefly applied to burleique fub- jects. dt isamufing to an Englith ear ta hear the Burthus of Racine, the Cid of Curneille, and the Orofmane and Oreftes of Voltaire, declaim, pnilofophize, fighy and rave, in the precife meafure of ¢* A cobler there was, and he liv’d in a ftall:” Vol. ii, p. 185. Upon this I would obferve, in the firft place, that it is not very modeft or very candid in us tu condemn, becaufe we de not perceive any beauty in it, that ftruc- ture of verfification which has given great delizht to the ears of a poliflied and highly cultivated nation at the period of its great- If the French find a pe- culiar {weetnefs and harmony in the verfes of Racine, a harmony which, in their opi- nion, no tubfequent auther has been able fully to come up to 5 if they feel as much difference between his lines and thofe of an ordinary poem, as we do between the mol finifhed lines of Pope and thofe of the moft carelels verfifier ; if their verfe evi- dently admits of great fkill and art in the conftruction of it ;. if their poetry has been formed and polifhed by degrees along wii theic critical tafte, from the fit rude ef- forte 1805.} forts of Marot and Ronfard, to its acknow- ledged perfection in the works of Racine and Boileau, in the fame manner as our own has been improved fiom the times of Chaucer to what it is in the prefent day 5 if all thefe prefumptions of excellence concur, would it not be fairer to fay, that we do not relifh their verfification becaufe we do not underftand it, than to foppoefe, that what a whole nation highly values has no merit. I know very well, that fearcely any Enghfhman does relifh French verification ; but I know alfo, that, to enter into the beauties of a foreign lan- fuage, and particularly the rythm, re- quires to have been familiar with ti almoft from infancy, not only as fubmiited to the eye in books, but to the ear in actual recitation, I would put an Engliihman to this tet. Laying afide all opinion of the beauty, does he appreciate the diffe- rence of the verfification of Racine, of Boileau, of De Lille, as readily and com- pletely as the French themfelves do? If he does not, it is plain there is a fome- thing which he does not enter into, and in that fomething probably confilts the eharm, But what I chiefly have to’ re- mark upon, is the aflertion in the note, that the French meafure is anapeftic.— Your readers, Sir, know, if they know any thing of the matter, that Latin verfe confilts of feet, regulated according to quantity, and that an azapef? is made up of two fhort fy!lables and a long one, which long fyllable is pronounced in the fame time with the other two, and that the number of fyllables in a line of mixt feet may vary provided the fame quantity is préferved. They alfo know, that in our fanguage we have no proper quantity, and that therefore the idea of feet, when trans- ferred to Englifh verfe, is not perfectly accurate. We have, however, accent, which in fome meafure jultifies the appli- cation of the term, as it enables us to produce a varied harmony, by dwelling on fome fyjlables and fliding over others ; producing nearly the fame effeé&t with the fixed quantity of the Latins and Greeks, though not fo entirely asto allow us to de- part from the number of fyllables required in each line. Thus the line quoted by the author may be fcanned fo as, without much impropriety, to be termed ana- pexttic : Por & coblér thétre was | andbhs lived in a ‘frail.* * I have fupplied ‘the word for to make the firft foot compleat. Improved Beer-Vents 9 But what analogy can there be betweer this and the French verfification, fince it is well known the French have no accent? The greateft dificulty which an Englith- man meets with in [peak ng French—a difficulty more than all the genders and all the rules of grammar, is ‘o get rid of his accent. If be imagines the verfes of Racine are to be read in the {sme gallops ing meafure with the ditty of the coblery becaule they confft of the fsme number of fyllables, he knows nothing of French pronunciation. The argument lies in a fhort compafs: neither the Englifh nor French languages have proper quantity. The only way. by which we can havea line compofed of the anapelt, or any other foot, is by means of aceent. The French have no accent; confequently their verfe is not anapaitic. It, not- withftanding, any perfon poffeffs an ear fc very Engiifh as to find it amufing to purfue this fancied refemblance betweer the Burrhus of Racine, the Cid of Cor- ~ neille, &c. and the af »refaid Cobler, I cam only lay, that, as far as the verfe is con- cerned, it is the only amufement he ts likely to derive from them. TI have only to add, that I fhould not have noticed a remark thrown out in a book written for avery different purpofe, but that I be- Jieve the miftake.to be a common one 3 and I would juft hint, that the merit of the French poets, and of all their other authors, is exaétly the fame whether we happen to be at war or at peace with the nation. Wise ———— To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. SiR, HE fpirit and flavour of malt-liquor fo materially depending on its being kept air-tight in the cafk, it is no wonder that the ingenuity of workmen has been employed in contriving various kinds of vents, to obviate the inconyeniencies of the wooden {pile. I have tried all the dif ferent kinds that I could procure, but found them every one liable to objeétion. To remedy their dete&ts, I offer the fol- fowing idea of @ vent on a new confiruc- tion, which I hope to fee foon reduced to praétice by fome one or other of the Bir- mingham manufaéturers—viz.. a fmall cock; exatly on the fame principle as a common wine or fpirit cock, differing only in fize, and in haying (like the pre- fent brafs vents) a ferew on the end which is to enter the vent*hole of the cafk. The cusved nozzle not being neceffary, the Pipe ad nr ————— $ Critical Remarks, ei pipe may be caft ftraight: and, if thought worth while, a cap may be fcrewéd on the ovter end, to keep off any dirt which may happen to fall from the roof of the cellar; one or two air-holes being drilled in the fide—above the key, of courfe, Should any mechanic think proper to adopt this hint, I hope he will take care that thefe cocks thall have a flop, as the town-made cocks ufually have, that a perfon may know by the feel whether he has exactly fhut the vent, or not: other- wife, in a dark cellar, or under the hand of a perfon who were not very careful, they would probably be worfe than any of the brafs vents now in ufe: whereas, with a proper ftop, they will, in my humble opinion, be far preferable to the others, and perfectly fafe; fince, to give air to the cafk, the perfon will have osly to tuin the key fuddenly to the oppofite fide, - and, if that be not fufficient for the in- tended draught, to turn it back again, leaving the ca(k air-tight at each turn. Should any mafter apprehend that his fervant may neglect to turn the key home to the fop, he may faften to the crols- piece of the key a fmali bar of fome inches in length, with a weight at the projecting end, fo that the fervant will only have to raife the bar with a touch of the finger, and immediately let it fall again; which it will not fail todo, if the weight be fufficient, and the cock kept wel] greafed in the joint. The greafing will moreover coniribute to its air-tight- nefs. I am, Sir, Your Conftant Reader, Fflington, Fuly 1, 1805. J. Carey. P.S, I avail myfelf of this opportunity, to obferve (in aniwer to numerous inquiries from acquaintance and ftrangers) that J am wot the perfon, who, under the title of «« Dr. Carey,” has recently advertifed certain “© Reforat:ive Drops? and ‘* Egyptian Ointe ment 3” that I know nothing of thofe medi- eines 3 and that! neither have nor ever had any concern, diretly or indire@tly, in the compofition, fale, or profits, of any medi- sine whatever. —— To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. SiR, S a new edition of the works of A Dr. Jortin is about to make its appearance, permit me to point out an ervur in p. 196. val. 2. of his Tra&s Phi- Jological, &c. 1790, in 8vc. where the Doétor {ays the following Imes in the firt ode of Horace fhould be pointed thus:— Sunt guos curriculo pulverem Olympicum Collegifle juvat, metique fervidis ‘ [Aug, Vy Evita t4 rotis, palmaque nobilis, Terrarum Dominos evehit ad Deos, &c. It is impoffible that the Doftor fhould have written meid and evitatd in the ablative cafe here, yet fo they are, in total defiance of metre, in both lines. Among the maxims and reflections at the clofe of the fame volume, p. 534, is the following :--‘‘ In the ecclefialtical edifice, the ftones, which fupport the whole, are placed loweft: the gilded wea- thercock fhines at the top, and fhiits about with the wind,” Compare this with p. 483. vol. 1. of the Harleian Mifcel- lany, where, in the Curate’s Conference, or a Difcourfe betwixt Two Scholars, both of them relating their hard Condi- tion, and confulting which way to mend it,’ one of them obferves—(Mr.P.) ‘It is a ftrange world that they (the rectors, &c.) fhould flourifh and flow in wealth for doing nothing, and the poor curates that do all, can get nothing,” &c.—Mr. N. ‘ You fpeak truth, I will maintain it, that our Do&or differs not much from the weathercock on the church fteeple: for as it is placed higheft, fays nothing, and turns as the wind, fo he, &c.—Oh fine weathercock |” In vol. 4. p. 404. of Remarks on Ec- cleGattical Hiftory, Dr. Jortin cenfures St. Gregory for his want of tafte, ac- cufing him of burning the claffics, &c. Compare this with Tirabofchi Iftor. della Letteratur. Ital. tom. 5. p.166. ed. 8vo. who gives a different account of St. Gre- gory, and vindicates him with fuccefs. Permit me to add, that in thefe cafual remarks nothing cifrefpectful to the me- mory of Dr. J. is intended, whofe virtues and talents muft command univerfal re- fpe&t and admiration, ‘* while any virtue or any praife remains.” J.G. To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. SIR, CONSTANT Reader would recom- XX. mend to Meflrs. Todd and Co. of Cannon-place, Hull, to prefent one of their fmail machines for bruifing corn, &c. or a model of it, to the Royal Inititution, Albemarle fireet, where it’ would be in- fpected by many people, and, if: found uleful, would be generally adopted. Or- ders are feldom’ given for machinery ui the parties are well fatisfied of their mt lity. To 1805. | To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. r7 SiR, : ed great importance of the inquiry inftituted by Sir J. Banks relative to the blight in wheat, muf be univerfally acknowledged, fince all are interefted in -the produétion of tke article either as ‘growers or confumerss As a member of the former clafs, I fhall, with the higheit deference for the opinions of one fo well qualified in fome refpeéts as Sir Jofeph Banks is, to write on the fubjec&t, prefume _ to make a few remarks which eccurred to me in the perufal of his pamphlet, and which are, for the moft part, the reflt of 4 my experience as a practical farmer. It |‘ appearsto me te beneceffary to diftinguifa with more precifion than is ufually dene the different difeafes to which wheat is _ diable ; and this is a miftake wiich Sir Jo- feph appearsto me to have fallen into, by taking for granted that the blight, {mut, mildew, and rult, are one and the fame _ difeafe. By the fmut I underftand what _ the millers generally term bladders, filled _ with a black naufeous powder, and are found in the fame place where the kernel _ of wheat fhould be produced ; but the blight, or mildew, does not, like the _ fmut, wholly perith or transform the corn ___ from what it thould be, but merely occa- fions a greater of lefs diminution of its fa- __ rinaceous fubftance as it may be more or Jefe affedted by the blight. The mildew, . too, generally affects every ear of corn in _ fome meafure ; fo that, where a piece of wheat is much affected with it, it is diff- cult to find an ear perfectly found ; but the direct contrary is obferved of the dif- ~ afe called fmut, the kernels in thofe ears _ being wholly perifhied, while the furround- ing ones are uninjured. — On the fubjeét of brining and liming __ wheat, as a preparation for fowing, it is a _ faét frequently obferved, that where, by _ accident, or defignedly by way of experi- § ment, a {mall quantity of wheat has been _ fown dry, or without any preparation whatever, a larger quantity of {mutty ___€ars have been produced than could be ob- ' -ferved in any other part of the fame field fown with wheat prepared in the ufual way. Another important fact is, that old _ wheat, or that grown the harvelt preced- ing the laft, may be, and ufually is, fown without any preparation, and without fear of fmut. __, I apprebend Sir Jofeph to have fallen - into a great error in recommending the “* feeds of wheat fo lean and thrivelled that {Karce any flour fit for the manvufac- ture of bread can be obtained by grinding -MontuLy Mae. No. 132. ' water, Obfervations on the Difeafes of Wheat. 9 them,” -as preferable to the faireft and p/umpeft fample that can be obtained ; for with all due deference to Sir Jofeph, the number of plants raifed in pots in a hot- houfe from a certain number of fhrivelled ’ wheat-kernels, does not fo much as prove they would have vegetated in the open ground during the heavy and chilling autumnal rains, much lefs have furvived the feverity of a long winter. Another firong reafon for rejeSting \the offal-corn which Sir J. feems to recommend for feed, when happily. the farmer has no blighted ones to fow, is the difficulty, not to fay im- pofibility, of cleaning it from the noxious feeds which are almoit always to be found with it. Aw Essex FaRMERe Fune 125 1805. —~ Ee For the Monthly Magazine. ACCOUNT of @ TRIP from ALEXAN- DRIA 19 ROSETTA. Extracted from the JOURNAL Of an OFFICER who ferved with the BRITISH ARMY i” EGYPT iz 1$0r HE French having capitulated, and having, in confequence, no longer the fear of battle, murder, and fudden death before my eyes, I projected a jaunt to Rofetta, and on the morning of the 9th of September, accompanied by my friend W—-, fet out on horfeback for that place. The diftance from our camp (that weft of Alexandria) is about forty miles. Our fir ftage was to Aboukir Bay, feventeen miles, where we had to crofs a ferry, Arrived on the oppofite fhore, we proceeded about four miles further, when we halted, to refrefh ourfelves and horfes, at an old caftle called a caravamera, in which a few dragoons were quartered.— Having ftaid here a fulficient time, we proceeded to accomplifh the remaining nineteen miles of our journey. The road lies clofe to the fea-fide, and the -ride would have been pieafant, had it not been for the great number of human bodies which were lying on the beach in different fiates of putrefaétion and decay. Some appeared to have been drowned, others killed in battle, and feveral to have been thrown from on board fhip in tneir ham- mocks, without having had fufficient bal. | laft to fink them. About half-way be- tween the caravanfera and Rofetta is a glo- bular building, ferving asa fhelter to tra- vellers, and clofe to it a well of tolerable Thefe wells and buildings, I am told, are to be found in certain places, well] known to the Arabs, throughout all the deferts in this country When you come clofe upon Rofetta, b the —" = 10 Trip from Alexandria to Rofetta. the eye; which has for months feen no- thing but the moft flerile fandy wildernefs (and fuch had been my cafe), is bighly gratified by the appearance of fome beau- tiful green woods and fields, which lie on the oppofite fide of the Nile, in the coun- try called the Delta, which is the garden of Lower Egypt, and is encircled by two branches of thé river. The Nile is, at this place, a noble river, and adds greatly to the beauty of the profpeét. After en- joying this {cene for a few minutes, we entered the town of Rofetta. The en- trance I thought extremely narrow, and perceiving that it continued fo from one Jane to another, I requefted an officer (whom we had accidentally met with, and who was good enough to ake upon himfeif the office of guide), to lead us more through the larger ftreets; but what was my furprife when he told mein anfwer, that we were actually at that mo- ment in the principal ftreet of the town. I am fure I {peak greatly within bounds when I fay it does not exceed three yards inbreadth. On each fide there are fhops, jn which wexe difplayed various kinds of merchandize. After pafling, or rather forcing, our way through a great number of thefe dirty lanes, we at laft, greatly to our fatisfaction, arrived at a ccffee-houle which had been lately opened by an Ita- Jian. Here we were fortunate enough to meet with fome old acquaintances, who held a {mall mefs in the houfe, which they kindly invited us to join, and it was here that I partook of the firft decent (I had almoft faid wholefome) dinner fince my arrival in Egypt. Having regaled ourlelves at the coffee-houfe till bed-time, we retired to the quarters of our friends, where I contrived to fleep very found, not- withftanding the buzzing of an innumer- able hoft of mufquitoes. When I awoke in the morning, 1 found that the mufqui- toes had been tolerably merciful; but, reaching my- clothes to drefs, I perceived them to be literally covered over by a crowd of {mall fleas,’ which.I was more than twe hours in clearing away. As for poor W. his face; when he made his ap- pearance in the morning, was exactly like that ofa perfon violently afliéted with the firiall-pox, and'bis whole body was in the fame condition.’ After getting our break- fatts, we failied forth to fee the Jions.— The fir place we entered was a mofque, in which fervice was then being pertorm- ed ; but our feet were fearcely over the threthold before thiee or four Turks came up to us, and in great tribulation pointed out the impropriety of cur entering their pAug. 15, houfe of religion with our boots on. It was in vain we endeavoured to explain to them that the taking off of hats was with’ us an aét of equal reverence and humility as the going barefooted with them. No-’ thing would do; and, after fome time fpent in expoftulation, we were obliged to: retire. During the time we did remain, » however, I had an opportunity of feeing’ their prieft. He was hung upin a fort of cage, in the fteeple, or rather tower, of the mofque, where he was hallooing as loud as the ftouteft pair of ftentorian: Jungs I ever heard would enable him— He feemed to ufe but one word ; and,’ when -he was out of breath (which, to do him juftice, was very feldom), the audi- ence were good enough to relieve him.— This fort of devotion is praétifed every four hours. \The place itielf was mean and filthy in the extreme. In retreating from the mofque, I be- held a female tor the firft time fince my arrival in Egypt ; and had it been the» Jat, I thould have had little to regret, for fhe was not S© Blefe’d with ftately Juno’s mien, Nor fhap’d like winning Beauty’s Queen !” but, on the contrary, was a great tall raw. boned woman, covered witha dirty blan- ket, and dreffed altogether very much like the fquaws of North America. She had but ene eye vifible, the remainder of her face being covered with along thick cloth, which a private of dragoons very aptly and charafteriftically denominated a nofe- bag. This cuftom of hiding the face is univerfal amongft the Turkifh and Ara- bian women in this country. They are. Bot, however, all fuch formidable Pata- gonian figures as the one I was unfortu. nate enough to encounter firft ; but I be- lieve none of them have the fmalleft pre. tenfions to beauty. Rofetta is very populous ; but, from its prefent fluftuating tate I do not fuppofe it poffible to make a correct eftimate of the number of its inhabitants ; they may probably amount to ten thoufand ; this is, however, merely conjecture. The men have a general appearance of bad health, and are extremely indolent. They fit crofs-legged at their doors almoft the whole day, imoking, drinking coffee, and. playing at a game which appears very. fimilac to chefs. The narrownefs of the. fircets I have already. mentioned. The houles are in gencral Jarge and lofty: the lower parts of them are but feldom occu-: pied, as the inhabitants reGde up three or tour pairs of ftairs for the benefit of the e- 5 4 4 : air. 1805.] air. This town has a fort of police— “There are watchmen who parade the ftreets every half hour during the night, to apprife the inhabitants of their fafety from fire. There are alfo large ciflerns in different-parts of the town, which are filled with water at day-light every morn- ing for the ufe of the public. All the -water drank here is from the Nile, and, though not ill flavoured, is fo thick as to be extremely unpleafant to the fight.— -They have looms in Rofetta with which they manufaéture coarfe kinds of cotton and linen. There are alfo blackfmiths, -faoemakers, taylors, &c. Some of the inhabitants turn very neatly in ivory and wood. The machine is extremely {mall and fimple, and is kept in motion by the toes, which are alfo of great ufe to them in guiding the chiffel, Early on the fecond morning after my eatrival here, I rode out to fee the army which had lately arrived from the: Eaft ‘Indies, under the command of Major- ~General Baird. The diftance was about -three miles, and the road beautiful. On one fide was the Nile, and on the other - gardens, in which were growing oranges lemons, bananas, dates, figs, and grapes. The army fortunately were under arms : it confifted of a regiment of native artil- -lery,; two corps of Sepoys, and four Bri- _tih regiments, the whole amounting to -about four thoufand men. The Sepoys were ftout active-looking men, were extremely clean and well drefled, and ~had a very warlike appearance. The whole army was inahigh ftate of dil- Cipline. — During my ftay. here I had an oppor- | tunity of feeing the funeral of a man who had died of the plague. The body was preceded by fix or eight men finging a fort of pfalm-tune : the words they uled _ . I did not at that time underfiand, but _ have fince learned their interpretation to ‘ be, ‘* There is but one God, and Maho- met is Prophet.” A great number of _ women were following the corpfe, who feemed to try which could make the moft hideous noife. In this agreeable concert ___ they were joined by every perfen they | pafied, and by all who accidentally met 4 the proceffion. Thefe boifterous lamen- « tations, I was told, are only adopted when _ the deceafed has been carried off by the «plague. Onother occafions they are con- _ ducted to the grave with very little cere- There are here churcheyaids and . - mo cae tomb-ftones as in Europe.”” ; P+ oats U 7 A Barrow aefiribed. 11 | To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. SIR, ; T is not, at prefent, my intention to eater fully into the hiftory of the bar- row or tumulus of theancients, but only to point out a remarkable variety which - I difcovered in one I caufed to be opened. Dartmoor, a wild and walte tract of land, of great extent, in Devonfhire, con- tains many hills of very confiderable ele- vation, whofe fummits are crowned by a great number of barrows or tumuli, con- ftrugted with large blocks and fragments of granite (provincially termed moor- ftone), every where met with in vaft quantities. On opening one, inthe fummer of 18025 of very large dimenfions, nearly twenty feet high, I was firuck with the great pe- culiarity of its formation. We began by opening the apex, and in this manver gradually defcended nearly ten feet, when I was extremely furprifed to meet with the natural kare, which had not been dif- turbed ; fortunately, on further examina- tion, we were enabled. to get lower, by one of its fides, which exhibited a fmooth farface (comparatively {peaking), verti- cally placed: getting ftill lower, a moft curious arrangement . prefented itfelf—a kind of ,cell or Kiftvaen, formed by a - number of columnar pieces of granite, having one end refting on a ledge of the natural karn, whilft the other was fup- ported by a fort of wall of ftones, piled on each other, of a femicircular fhape, joining the rock at each extremity. Nothing was found in this cavity except a {mall quan- tity of dark coloured afhes, and fome bony fragments, known to anatomifts, by being the occipital bone of the cra- nium, and {mail portions of the radius and ulna, of the human hody. I have had feveral others opened in this neighbourhood, but never found any like the one, under confideration, They were all of the general mode of conftruétion, and differed only in the form of the Kitt- vaen, and nature of their contents; which were, in one or two inftances, deferving particular‘notice. I fhall not, however, trefpafs on the reader’s patience by any further remark on them in this paper. I do not recollect ever hearing of a bar- row of a fimilar conftruétion having been examined; but fhould I be miftaken, I have only to add, that this inftance muft be confidered as a further confirmation of the varied Rructure of the barrow. April 14, 1805, Se. Bz For the Monthly Magazine. GLEANINGS i727 NATURAL HISTORY, No. I. THE ‘ARABIAN CAMEL. N the Menagerie du Mufeum at Paris if there are two Arabian camels, which were given to thé Republic, in the year 1798, by the Dey of Algiers. At the time of their arrival they were about three years of age. Their hair was almoft white, except on the top of the hunch, where it ‘was fomewhat red. They are now be- ‘come of a darker or greyifh-red cofour.— In Egypt the grey ones are thought the ftrongeft. There are fome camels that are black and white, but they are very fearce. The male eats thiy pounds weight of hay ina day, and the female ‘twenty : each of them is allowed a pail of water a day. There are likewife in the Menagerie two Battrian camels, each with two ‘hunches on its back ; and it is fuppofed that they are at leatt fifty years of age.— They are both males, and were formerly employed on particular occafions to draw acarriage. They always fleep with their eyes open—La Ménagerie du Mujfeum National d'Hifloire Naturelle. THE SLOW LEMUR. Several of thefe little animals (not larger * than afmall cat) have at different times been brought into England ;'and the colleétions both at the Tower of London and Exeter "Change have frequently been enriched by them. In our climate it is neceflary to keep them very warm ; and fo extremely tender are they, that no care or attention has hitherto been able to preferve them in life for more than two or three years.— They have never been known to breed in this country. Their, ufual food in con- finement is bread and milk 5 but they are mot fond of fruit. From their conftant inclination to climbing, they are generally kept in high wire cages, fimilar in fhape to thofe adopted for parrots ; and‘during the greater part of their waking hours they amufe themfelves in climbing round the fides, and to the-perches placed in dif. ferent parts acrofs. They fleep in the day rolled up fomewhat like a ball, and regularly awake juft as the evening begins tofetin. Theireyes, like thofe of a cat, fhine in the dark, They are fufficiently gentle to admit of perfons handling them ; but whenever they are fuddenly roufed from fleep, they fnap at the fingers of the mtruder with great dppearance of ill- tempers By moit of the keepers of wild. 12 Gleanings in Natural Hiftory. [A ug. J , beafts thefe animals are denominated /lothy. There are none at this time either in the Tower or at Exeter "Change, but there is one at Brookes’s Menagerie, Haymarket. THE LION. Claude Janmequin, in his Voyage to Se- negal, relates a fingular ftory of a combat betwixt one of the Moorifh chiefs and a hion, on the bank of the Niger, of which he ftates himfelf to have been an eye- witnels. This Prince tock Jannequin and his fuite toa place adjoining upon a large wood, much infefted by wild beafts, and direéted them to mount into the trees, Then getting on his horfe, and taking along with him three {pears and a dageer, he entered the wood, where he foon found a lion, which he wounded in the buttock. The enraged animal {prang with great fury at his aflailant, who, by a feigned flight, drew him where the company before whom he was to exhibit, were ftationed. He then turned his horfe, and in a moment darted a fecond {pear at him, which pierced his body. He alighted, and the lion, now grown furious, advanced with open jaws to devour him, but he received the animal on the point of his third fpear, which he forced into his gullet ; then at’ one leap fpringing acrofs his body, he cut open his throat with the dagger. In this conte(t the Moor exhibited fo great a degree of agility and addrefs, that he received no other wound than a flight fcratch on the thigh. DOGS. Thefe animals are fo refpetted by many of the Mahometans, that, infome of the towns in the Levant, large endow. ments have often been given by will for the maintaining of a certain number of dogs and cats; and at Conftantinople there are perfons regularly paid to fee the intention of the donors put in execution > of feeding thém in the ftreets. For this purpofe, alfo, in feveral of the towns, people ftation themfelves at the corners of - the ftreets to fell vittuals for dogs. Some of the Furks, out of charity, have them eured of wounds that they happen acci-~ dentally to receive, but particularly of the mange, with which thefe creatures are here miferably afli&ted towards the end of theirlife. Yet with all this attention and all this charity towards the animals, the ‘Turks have a rooted deteftation for them, and ina time of peftilence they kill as. many as they can find, imagining that itis thele anclean creatures which infe&t the air.—Tourne/jort’s Voyage into the Levant, ol, ii, Pr 62, k THE 1805.) Gleanings in Natural Hiftory, 18 . THE OSTRICH. Anoftrich that was kept in the Ména- serie du Mufeum at Paris, devoured in its food ftones, pieces of metal, and various other things equally indigeftible. This animal was known to take at one time near a pound weight of ftones, pieces of ¢opper and iron. , Inthe year 1801, a female oftrich, dur- ing two months, laid fix eggs, three of which were) without any fhel!l. One of ‘them, which was perfect, was as large as thofe laid by the animals in their native climates, was immediately weighed, and ‘it was found equal to two pounds and fourteen ounces. ‘Iwo of the eggs were ‘cooked, and they were thought to be pre- ferable inflavour to thofe of a poultry- hen. —La Ménogerie du Mufeum National @' Hiftoire Naturelle. THE MOCKING-BIRD, This well-known inhabitant of the woods of North America is {aid to be fo fhy, that if any perfon difcover its neft, and only look at the eggs, it immediately forfakes it. The young ones require greatcare in being bred up in confinement. If they are taken from the mother, and put __ imtoa cage near the place where they are found, the feeds them for a few days ; but feeing no hopes of fetting them at liberty, the at laf flies entirely away. It often happens that the young ones foon after. wards die, and doubtlefs in a great mea- fure from the lofs of their natural food. Tt is, however, a fuppofition among the the common people, that the lait time the mother brings food, the finds means to poifon them, in order the fooner to'deli- ver them from from flavery and wretch- ednefs. Thefe birds remain al] fummer in the colonies, but retire in the autumn -to the more fouthern parts of America, _ ‘where they pafs the winter months.— Kalm’s Travels into North America, vol. i. p. 218. ; THE FLAMINGO. Dampier faw a few flamingos in the »Caperde Verd Iflands. He attempted to thoot fome of them, but they were fo thy vand timid that he found this a very difh- _ “eult thing to do. He informs us, that the fleth both of the old and young ones was very lean and black, yet that it was _ © good eating, and neither tafted fifhy, nor j 4 P j A i was otherwife unpleasant. ( He fays, that when many of them are flanding together by the fide of a pond, / they have very much the appearance, at the diflance of half or three quarters of a » mile, of a brick wall, for their feathers are ‘ Bs of the colour of new red bricks, and they often range themfelves in ftrait lines. The young ones are at firk of a lighe grey, and, as their wing-feathers {pring out, they become darker ; but they do not attain their proper colour nor their ufual beautiful fhape till they are at jealt ten or eleven months old.—Dampier’s Voyages, vol. i. p. 70. THE AMERICAN COCK-ROACH. Blatta Americana of Linnaeus. This, one of the molt loathfome of all infects, {warms in moft hot climates-in the wettern parts of the world, Theyoare fo flat that they creep into every chett or drawer where they can find the Jeait ere-. vice. They gnaw woollen clothes of every defcription, but “efpecially fuch as have had hair-powder onthem. Whatis very remarkable, they will not tcuch filk of any kind. They frequently throw off their exterior fin ; and after every change of this they appear freth and young.— Browne's Civil and Netural Hiftory of Jamaica, p. 433. The Americans know this fpecies by the name of kakfPlac. It is fometimes brought over alive amongft clothes or merchandize in veflels from the Weft In- dies into Europe. In the houfes of many parts of America they ‘often commit teat depredations, from the immenfity of their numbers, in gnawing and de. vouring both, clothes and provifions, and it is extremely difficult to guard againit the ravages of thefe deftru&tive infeéts.— With refpeé& .to provifions, every thing -that they run over contraéts from them fo naufeousa f{mell as to render them {carcely eatable. . According to the obfervations of Reau- mur, thefe coek-roaches have a moft for- midable enemy in a large Species of /phex. He fays, that when one of thefe foheges encounters a cock-roach, it feizes it by the head, pierces its body with its poifan- ous fting, and afterwards carries it off into its hole. In this it has depofited its eggs, and the bodies of the cock-roaches ferve the Jarve tor food till they are able to attain their winged flate.—Hi/loive Na- turelle des Infeftes, par Tigny, vol. ve p- 220 Whence can the apparently ridiculous name of .cock-roach be derived ? THE AMERICAN LOCUSTS, Cicada Septendecim of Linnaus. A writer in the Philofophical Tranfac- tions relates, that, about the middle.of w khe 4 the feventeenth century, there were fuch fwarms of thefe infects, that, in New ‘England, for the {pace of two hundred miles, they poifoned and deftroyed all the trees of that colony. Innumerable holes were feen in the ground out of which they had broke forth in the form of /arvae, or “maggots. ‘ Thefe (he fays) being turned into winged infe&ts, had 2 kind of tail or fting, which they (tuck into the tree, and thereby envenomed and killedit.” In this laft particular the writer is not ‘altogether corre. The female infects do pierce the tender branches of trees with the dart at the pofterior extremity of “their bodies, depofiting their eges in the holesthey thus form. But it is by the great voracivy of thefe infe@ts th a&vually devouring the foliage that the moft ferious - injuries are committed. THE FLESH-FLY. Mufca Vomitoria of Linnaeus. ~~ Lewenhoek has remarked, that the “maggot, or /arva, of the fleth-fly ar- rives at its full growth, and is ready for ~changing into a chryfalid, in five days after it is hatched. This. is one inftance how extremely well all animals are adapt- ed to their fituation and peculiar mode of ‘life. | Were longer time neceflary before sthe change takes place, mof of the ani- mals *muft necceflarily die; for, being hatched in the fummer, their food (which is fiefh) would become exhaufted, and they would have nothing left on which “they could fubfitt. Mot other maggots, whole food does not wafte fo foon, con- “tinue for much longer periods before they “undergo their change.—Ray's Wiftlom of God in the Works of the Creation, p. 144. BUGS, Cimex Lefularius of Linnaeus. It is not certain whether thefe infects ‘ were firt brought over into Europe from America, or into America from Europe. Many of the inhabitants of the New Con- tinent lock pon them as indigenous there ; and in proof of their being fo, fay that they have often been found under the wings of different {pecies of bats, where they had eaten through the kin very deep into the flefh. It was believed that the * bats got them in hollow trees, and had from thence brought them into the houfes, fince in thefe they commonly fix them- felves clofe to the walls, and creep into any Jittle chinks which they can find. It feems, however, very probable, that, on the contraty, bats may have taken them origi- * nally trom the chinks in the houles where Gleanings in Natural Hiftor'y. [Aug: 3 they have lodged, and not from the trees. Thus there feems about as much to he faid on one fide as fhe other. and the mats ‘ter {till temains in doubt. é THE EBRIMSTONE YELLOW BUTTER< FLY. Papilio Rhamni of Linnaeus. _ This elegant infect, if the weather happens to be mild, appears on wing to- wards the latter end of March. The fe- male depofits her eggs in April, moftly on the buck-thorn (Rhamnus Catharticus), or wild rofe-buth. The young caterpil- lars come into life a few days after ; and as they increafe in fize they change their fkins, generally at the end of about every fourteen days. Theyiarrive at their full growth in the middle of June, and in a tew days afterwards change into chryfa lids. ‘The butterflies that proceed from thefe are moftly on wing about the laft week in Auguft. The caterpillars from the egos of this breed are full fed before the end of September, when they go through their ufyal metamorphofes, and the chryfalids-are perfected.’ In this ftate they remain till the month of March fol- lowing, when the warm days of that fea- fon brings them on the wing. This butterfly is fufficiently common in a winged ftate, but its caterpillars are very rarely to be met with—Lewin's In | Jfetis-of Great Britain, vol. vi. p. 31. CANCER MACROURUS. | | In Mr, Bartram’s Travels in North America, we have the following curious account of the contentions of ‘this animal with fome gold-fith : : ' «© On my return towards the camp, I met my philofophic companion Mr. Mac-. intofh, who was feated on the bank of a rivulet, highly entertained by a very fin- gulac exhibition, in which I participated with high relith, The waters at this place were ftill and fhoal, and flowed over a bed of gravel, juft beneath arocky rapid. In this eddy thoal were a number of little gravelly pyramidal hills (whofe funmits rofe-almoft to the furface of the water), very artfully conftructed by this {pecies of craw-fifh, which inhabited them. Here feemed to be the citadel or place of re- treat for che young ones againft the ra. vages of their enemy the gold-fifh.— Thefe in numerous bands continually in- feted them, except at fhort intervals, when {mall detachments of veteran craw-fith fal- lied out upon them from their cells within the gravelly pyramids, at which time there was a brilliant fight prefented.— The little gold-fifh inflantly fled on every fides 1905.] Travels between the Tropics, fide, darted through the tranfparent wa- ters like ftreams of lightning ; fome even fprang above the furface into the air; but all quickly returned to the charge, {ur- rounding the pyramids as betore on the retreat of the craw-fifh. In this manner the war f{eemed to be continual.” The above craw-fifh is not a Linnean fpecies. Mr. Bartram calls its enemy a gold-fith. It is not, however, the Chinefe fith generally known by this name, the Gyprinus Auratus of Linneus, THE GALERE. » Medufa Infuadibulum of Linneus ? This {pecies of medula is called Galere by the natives of fome parts of the weft- ern coaft of Africa. M. Adanfon faw great quantities of it in the river Niger.— He fays, that nothing can bear a nearer refemblance to a bladder with air, and painted a beautiful red, than the body of the galere. It has a funge upon its back, and eight arnis under the belly, that de- fcend, and ferve it as it were to ballaft the body, which floats along through the water, and is tofled to and fro by the winds and waves. This medufa is cauf- _ tic to fuch a degree, that, when it is _ touched, a pain is immediately felt as if _ the hand were burnt. M. Adanfon took one into his hand, by way of trial, and held it till he began to feel its effeet.— This appeared externally by a little de- gree of rednefs, attended by a kind of _ pricking, and an inflammation which con- : ‘tinued for four hours afterwards. By a _ very flight contaét of the inflamed hand = oes ' the pain was communicated to all the i tender parts of the body, as the face and neck, but more efpecially to the eye- brows.— Adanjon’s Voyage to Senegal and Goree. a —e For the Monthly Magazine. ACCOUNT of the TRAVELS between the » TROPICS of MESSRS. HUMBOLDT and + BONPLAND, in 1799, 1800, 1801, " 1802, 1803, and 1804. By J. C. DE- ~ LAMETHERIE. © (Continued from p. 558. No. 139.) . Af HUMBOLDT {et out from Kata- ; i4.-bano in March, 1801, coafting _ along the South fide of the ifland of Cuba, and determining aftronomically {everal foe in that group of {mall ifles called ¢ King’s Gardens, and the approaches to the port of Trinidad, A navigation which ought to have been only thirteen or yond a month. The galliot was car- | by them too far eatt, beyond the ouths of the Atraéto. ‘They touched at fifteen days, was prolonged by currents’ by Moff. Humboidt ' Benpland. 15 Rio Sinu, where no b-tanift had ever’ fearched for plants; but they found it dif. ficult to land at Carthagena, on account of the violence of the breakers of St. Mar- tha. The galliot had almoft gone to pieces near Giant’s Point: they were obliged to fave themfelves towards the fhore in order to anchor; and this difap- pointment gave M. Humboidt an oppor- tunity of obfrving the eclipie of the moon on the 2d of March, 1801. Unfortunately they learned on this coatt that the feafon ‘for navigating the South Sea, from Pana ma to Guyaquil, was already too far ad- vanced : it was neceflarry to give up the de. fign cf croffing the ifthmus; and the de-’ five of {eeing the celebrated Mutis, and ex- ' amining his immenfe treafures in natpral ” hiftory, induced M. Humboldt to fpend ° fome weeks in the forefts of Turbaco, or= namented with guflawia, toluifera, ‘ana- cardium caracoli, and the Cavanillefta of the Peruvian botanifts; and to afcend in ~ thirty-five days the beautiful and majeftic river of the Magdalen, of which he fketch- ed out a chart, though tormented by the mofquitoes, while Bonpland ftudied the vegetation, rich in helconia, pfychoftria, melaftoma, myrodia, avd dychotria emetica, the root of which is the ipecacuanha of | Carthagena, Hav:ng landed at Honda, our travellers ° proceeded on mules, the only way of travel- ling in South America, and by frightful reads through forefts of oaks, melafloma and cinchowa, to Santa Fé de Bagoia, the capital of the kingdom of New Grenada, fituated ip a beautiful plain 1360 toifes” above the Jevel of the fea, and, in confe.’ quence of a perpetual fpring temperature, ’ abounding in the wheat of Europe and the’ feflamum of Afia. The fuperb ealleSions ’ of Mutis; the grand and fublime cataraé&’ of Tequendama, 98 toifes or 588 feet in’ height; the minesof Mariquita, St.:Ana, | and Zipaguira ; the natural bridge of® Icononzo, two detached rocks which by? means of an earthquake have been difpofed - in fuch a manner as to fupport a third ;— occupied the attention of our travellers at” Santa Fé till September 1801. ; Fhough the rainy feafon had now ren- ' dered the roads almoft imnpaffable, they fet * out for Quito; they re-defcended by Fu- fagaluga, inthe valley of Magdalena, and ’ pafled the Andes of Quindiu, where the’ inowy pyramid of Tolina rifes amidft forelts of fyrax paffifora in trees, bam-- bufa, and wax palms, For thirteen days they were obliged to drag themfelves | through horrid mud, and to fleep, as on the Orenoko, undei the bare heavens, in’ woods 16 Travels between the Tropics, by Meff: Humboldt & Bonpland. [Aug. ty woods where they faw no veftiges of man. When they arrived, bare-footed, and drenched with continual rain, in the val- Jey of the river Cauca, they {topped at Cathago and Buga, and proceeded along the piovince of Choco, the country of pla- tina, which is found between rolled fragments of bafaltes, filled with clivin and augite, green rock (the grunflein of Werner), and fotlil wood. . They atcended by Caloto and Quilichao, where gold is wafhed, to Popayan, vilited by Bouguer when he returned to France, and ftuated at the bottom of the fhowy volcanoes of Puracé and Sotara, one of the moft picturefque fiiuations and in the moft delighiful climate of the vniverfe, where Reaumur’s thermometer ftands con- Mantly between 17 and 19 degrees. When they had reached, with much difficulty, the crater of the volcano of Puracé, filed with botling water, which from the midft of the fnow throws up, with a horrid roar- ing, vipours of fulphurated hydrogen, our travellers pafied from Popayan by the fteep cordilleras of Almaguer a Parto, avoid- ing the contagious air of the valley of Patia. From Pafto, a town fituated at the bot- tom of a.burning volcano, they traverfed by Guachucal the high plateau of the pro- wince of Paltcs, feparated from the Paci- fic Ocean by the Andes of the volcano of Chili and Cumbal, and celebrated tor its great fertiity in wheat and the erytroxy- fon Peruvianum, called cocoa. At length, after a journey of four months on mules, they arrived at the towns of Ibarra and Quito. This long paffage through the cordillera of the high Andes, at a feafon which rendered the roads impaflable, and during which they were expofed to rains which continued feven or eight hours a day, encumbered with a great number of inftrumenis and voluminous collections, would have been almoft impoffible, with- out the generous and kind afliftance of M. Mendiune'ta, viceroy of Santa Fé, and the baron de Carondelet, prefident of Quito, who, being equally zealous for the progrefs of fcience, cauled the roads and the moft dangerous bridges to be repaired on a ‘ route of 450 leagues in length. Mefiis. Humboldt and Bonpland asrived on the 6th of January 1$02, at Quito, a capital celebrated in the annals of aftro- nomy by the labours of La Condamine, Bouguer, Godin, and Don Jorge-Juan and Ulloa; juftly celebrated alfo by the great amiablenefs of its inhabitants and their happy dilpofition for the arts. Our tra- vellers continued their geological and bo- tanical refearches for eight or nine months in the kingdom of Quito; a country ren- dered perhaps the moft interefting in the world by the coloffal height of its fhowy fummits ; the activity ofits, volcanoes, which in turns throw up dames, rocks, mud, and hydro-fulphureous water; the frequency of its earthquakes, one of which, on the 7th of February 1797, fwallowed up ina few feconds nearly 40,000 inhabi- tants ; its vegetation; the remains of Pe-. ruvian architecture; and, above all, the manners of its antient inhabitants. After two fruitlefs attempts, they fuc- ceeded in twice afcending to the crater of the volcano of Pinchinca, where they made «xperiments on the analyfis of the air ; its, electric charge, magnetifm, hygrofcopys electricity, and the temperature of boiling water. La Condamine (aw the fame craters, which he very properly compares to the chaos of the poets ; but he was there with- out inftruments, and could remain only fome minutes, = In his time this immenfe mouth, hollow- ed out in bafaltic porphyry, was cooled and filled with fnow : our travellers found it again on fire; and this intelligence was diftrefling to the town of Quito, which is diftant only about four or five thoufand toifes. Here M. Humboldt was in danger of lofing his life. Beimg alone with an Indian, who was as little acquainted with the crater as himfelf, and walking over a fiffure concealed by a thin ftratum of con- gealed fuow, he had almoft fallen inta it. Our travellers, during their ftay in the kingdom of Quito, made feveral excur- fions to the {nowy mountains of Antifana, Cotopaxi, Tunguragua, and Chimborazo, which is the higheft fummit of our earths and which the French academicians. mea- fared only by approximation. They ex- amined in particular the geognoftic part of the cordillera of the Andes, refpecting which nothing has yet been publithed in Europe ; mineralogy, as we may fay, bee ing newer than the voyage of La Conda- mine, whofe univerlal genius and incredible activity embraced every thing elfe that could be interefting to the fciences. The trigonometrical and barometrical mea{ure- ments of M, Humboldt have proved that fome of thefe volcanoes, and efpecially that ot Tunguragua, have become confiderably lower fince 17533 a refult which accords with what the inhabitants of Pellileo and the plains of Tapia have obferved. M. Humboldt found that all thefe large males were the work of cryftallization. ‘* Tvery thing I have feen,” fays he in a letters 1805.) letter to Delametherie, * in thefe regions, where the higheft elevations of the globe are fituated, have confirmed me more and __-‘mofe in the grand idea that you threw out - io your Theory of the Earth, the moft complete work we have on that fubject, in ___ regard to the formation of mountains. All the maffes of which they confift have united according to their affinities by the laws of attra&tion, and have formed thefe eleva- tions, mure or lefs confiderable in different parts’ on the furface of the earth, by the aws ef general cryftallization. Where can remain no doubt in this refpect tothe tra- veller who confiders without prejudice thefe large mafles. You wil! fee in cur relations that there is not one of the objects you treat of « hich we have not endeayour- ed to improve by our labours.” In a!] thefe excurfions, begun in Janu- ary 1802, our traveliefs were accompanied by M. Charles Montufar, fon of the Mar- quis de Selvalegre, of Quito, an individual zealous for the progre(s of the fciences, and who caufed to be reconftrugted, at his - own expenf, the pyram‘ds of Sarouguier, _ the boundaries of the celebrated bafe of the French and Spanifh academicians. | Thisinterefting young mat, having ac- | companied M. Humboldt dur‘ng the reit _ of his expedition to Peru and the kingdom _ of Mexico, preceeded with him to Europe. _ The efforis of thefe three travellers were _ fo much favoured by circumftances, that they reached the greateft heights to which _ tan had ever attained in thefe mountains. | On the volcano of Antifana they carried inftruments 2200, and on Chimborazo, _ June 23, 1802, 3300 feet higher than _ Condamine and Bouguer did on Corazon. They afcended to the height of 3036 toifes “above the level of the Pacific Ocean, where the blood iffued fiom their eyes, » and gums, atid where they experi- da cold not indicated by the thermo- Metet, but which arofé from the little ca- Toric difengaged during the in‘piration of ir fo much rarefied. A fiffure eighty #8 in depth and of great breadth pre- ented them from reaching the fop of ‘ o4 Contributions to ly about 224 toiles. (To be continued.) NYMY.—NO. 1. VERAL of your Correfpondents are itking queftions about fynonymy, as ey thoughe there was fomething to be -.in the line. Inftead of calling on ONTHLY Mac, No 332, nhorazo when they were diftant from 17 Hercules (or,’ for this occafion, on Iiermes), fuppofe we apply our fhoul- ders to the wheel. The word /ynozyzm is compounded of the Greek prepolition cuv, cum, and ovoney nomen: it means, therefore, a fellow-name. Thofe words are termed fynoxymous which defcribe like things by other names. To lynonimize is to exprefs one thought in different terms. Sy#ozymy.is the ule of fynonyms. Some languages, like the Greek and German, are felf-derived. When they have occafion to defignate freflt objects, - they do it by joining, in a new and defini. tive manner, terms already in-ufe. They have been taught, for inftance, to name the elements of modern chemiftry by in- ternal refources—osxygen, fauerftof. In fuch languages no two words are equi- pollent ; no di&in& expreffions have quite the fame fignification. Other languages, like the Englifh, have been formed by the confluence of fiveral tongues. Some Gothic diale& (the Caledonian, proba- bly), forms the bafis of the Enolith fpeech ;_and the French, which, with the Italian and Spanifh, may be confidered as a Latin dialect, bas mixed with it fo abundantly, that it depends on a writer's choice whether the northern or fouthera di&tion fhall predominate. In fuch lan- guages many words are wholly equivalent; when the radical meaning is one, and the metaphorical’ application anaJogous, any diftinétion is merely oral. Freedom, bappinefs, are G.thic terms ; hberty, feli- cily, are Latin terms ; which are not merely fimilar, but identical, in meaning. Cicero, the greateft artift in compofi- tion, willingly employed himfelf in the difcrimination of fynonyms ; and Quinti- lian, who writes on rhetoric, has cccafion- ally digrefied to examine them: but the firtt book exprefsly confecrated to the ap- preciation of fynenyms is a Greek work of Ammonius, the fon of Hermias, who flourifhed in the fixth century. The ori- ginal edition of this treatife is appended to a Greek Diftionary, printed at Venice in 1597: it was edited, with the woiks of other grammarians, at Leyden, by Val- kenaer, in 1739°3 and publifhed apart at Erlangen, in 1787, by a nametake of the author, under the title Appove oeps “Guormy xae dra Dosey Decay. Among the Audtores Lingue Latina, collected by Dionyfius Gothofredus, there is a chapter of fynonymy picked from anc’ent grammayians. Several mo- derns---Popma, Richrer, Braun, Dumef.~ nil, Hill—have compiled, in this depart- Cc meat Englifh Synonymy. - 18 ment of Latin philology, additional ma- terials. The firft regular treatife of the mo- ders exclufively confecrated to the com- parifon of vernacular fynonyms, is that of Girard ; the publication of which ob- tained for him a feat among the academi- cians of France. The firlt edition is dated 4718 ; an enlarged edition, 1747. This work is generally known; it has rather the merit of fetting a good example than of fetting it well: the refinements of uiaze he finds out or makes out, and records them with livelinefs and with perfpicuity 5 but he omits to analyze the caufes of his reiults, and never feeks in hiftorical ety- mology for the reafons which attach to the feveral fynonyms diftin&t acceflory ideas. This work was republificd in 1776, with additional articles, by Beau- zée. Other fupplementary matter occurs in the Encyclopedy : a further Treatile on French Synonyms, by the more careful Roubaud, appeared in 1787 at Berlin. At Bologna, in 1732, were publithed Sinonimi ed aggiunti Italiani racceli da Carlo Coftanza Rabbi, of which a fecond augmented edition was given at Venice in 1764, by Aleflandro Maria Bandiera.— This work has value as a record of the ulage of the time ; but ufage has little to do with the proper application of a defin- able word. Dr, Trufler publifhed in London, -in 1766, a partial abftrast of Girard’s work. Thofe words which were common to the French and Englih languages, and which retained in both the {ame relative value, were numerous enough to fupply a large Ttock of tranflated aiticles, ‘Ihele were interfperfeé with original definitions of fome contiguous terms peculiar to our- felves. His neat and uleful, though not wholly truit-worthy, book attained a fe- cond edition in 1783. It will not be fu- perieded by the fubfequent, but inferior, attempt of Mrs. Pivzzi. In 1783, alfo, was printed at Berlin, a fecond edition of Srofch’s Eflay toward defining German Words of like Mean- ing. Without Girard’s dexterous choice ot examples, which makes 4nftruction both amufe and tell, the German fy- nonymift bas produced a work of fuller and founder intormation. Itis icholattic, diffuse, and too metaphyfical; but it fre- quently explains the reafon of the colleét- ed faéts. Without the etymological method of Stofch, it is impoffible to ap- preciate ufage ; to di/cern how much is unalterable in habit ; or mm what direction ene may flide into untried propriety. So Ik Contributions to Englifh Synonymy. fAug. 1, much of meaning. as inheres in the radical and primary fignification of a word is ne- ceflarily immortal ; but that which has accrued from cafual application foon dies out and difappears, Ebeshard, another German philologift, publithed at Halle, in 1802, a more ex- tenfive Syxonymicon of his language. He has improved on the previous labours of Stofeb, by condenfing them, ‘by confult- ing the mafterly Diétionary of Adelung for corrective and additional matter, and by the compofition of many wholly new articles. Yet perhaps he has reafoned too much @ pofleriori from ufage—too little a priori fiom etymology ; he has oftener tiated the avbat than the why of practice ; and fharpens inflinét jaftead of unfolding realon,. ‘ Our Englih books of fynonymy might be improved by an approximation to the foreign models ; they might combine the refearch of Stofch with the obfe:vation of Girard ; and involve a range of terms co- extenfive with the contents of the eight volumes of Eberhard. It is not the pur- pofe of this your Correfpondent to at- tempt a tafk which would require attain. ments {> various, fagacity fo alert, and indufry fo perfevering : but he afpires occafionally to be one of many in affifting to colleé&t and difinguifh the refembling words of Britih writ. — Both Dr. Trufler and Mrs. Piozzi have begun their books with the fynonyms of to abandon, probably from a motive of alphabetic claffification. Let us under. take, for a firft experiment, the fame fet of words.. Some addition may be made to the Jit of terms; and it will in general be more expedient to arrange foremcit thofe of Gothic, and next thofe of Latin origin. 1. To give up,.—2. To forfake.—3. To leave—4. To yield.—5. To aban- . don.—6. To defert.—7. To quit.—8, To cede.—yg. To refign.—1o. To ne- glect.—11. To relinguifh.—iz. To fur- render, 1. To give up is to give in an attitude which announces the fupericrity of the receiver. It implies, theretore, furrender, humiliating if not unwilling ceffion, lofs and facrifice :-— Give up your fword,—He gives up London to refide wholly on the eftate in the country: his family is become fo large that it would be imprudent to keep two houfes.—They give up their places at prefeat only to curry favour with the prince’s party. —That fellow is given up to every vice. ' There 1805.] There is an unclerical fentiment and a _ harfh metaphor of Stillingfleet : « If any be given up to believe lies, fome muft be given up to tell them.” Tt would have been better to omit the prepofition up, which is here redundant. 2. Forfake is derived from a low-dutch verb, collateral with the Englith to feek, in comparifon with the infeparable prepo- fition * for, which has a privative mean- ing. To forfake, then, fignifies originally not to feek, ox to defift from feeking ; and Sorfaken that which is fvught no longer :— He forfakes his miftrefs.—His miftre(s is forfaken.—Laf fummer you came every week to London ; but now you quite forfake it. Thou didft deliver us trom the hands of Jawle{s enemies, molt hateful forfakers of God. Forfaken of all good; vifited no more by the virtues. Thefe are natural ex- preffions. There is on the contrary, an ‘apparent ftraining in Dryden’s meta- pror : _ When e’en the flying fails were feen no ; more, 7 Forfaken of all fight, the left the thore ; _ but this arifes from the equivocal ufe of _ the word fight, which here means a {pec- tacle, athing feen, and not the fenfe of feeing. 3. Leave feems to be derived from the fame reotas the high-dutch /aufen, which means 70 run away: it is perhaps allied _ with the Anglo-Saxon Aleapan. In. its earlier forms this 7 verb is applied not only to animal movements but to the flow of ftreams, and was of old neuter, the ac- cufative being ufually governed by the prepofition bebind :— The unthankful man will leave his deliverer behind in danger. —T he Thames _ leaves Buckinghamfhire behind, above _ Staines. Heleft his thield behind, before ~Troy.—He leaves a deal of property be- hind. © But this prepofition being of awkward ule, we are got to fay :— _ _* This privative infeparable prepofition alfo occurs in fubear, fuget, forgo, forlorn, farfwrar, forworn, sc. Some writers igno- ' fantly confound this prepofition with fore, and fpell forego. ‘To forego is to go before ; _ 4nd to forgo is to go without. __ + Examples occur of a verb 180537) was abfelved by'forty votes; and’ voted) guilty by twenty.’ A’riot happened inithe: Via Sacra between Clodius’s workmen and’ Milos flaves) © © sth of the Kal. of Septentber’ OM, Tullius Cicero pleaded in defence of — Cornelius Sylla, accufed by Torquatus o being concerned in Cataline’s confpiracy, i _and gained, his caufe by a majority of five * judges. The tribunes* of the treafury were againft the defendant. Qne of the ‘pretors advertifed by an edict that he _ fhould put off his fittings for five days upon account of his daughter’s marrage. C. Czar fet out for his government of the further Spain, having been long delayed by his creditors. A report was brought to Tertinius the preter while he was trying caufes at his tribunal, that his fon was dead. This was contrived by the friends of Copponius, who was accufed of poilon- ing, that the pretor in his concern might adjourn the court: but the magi trate hay- ing difcovered the falfenood of the ftory, _returned to his tribunal and continued in taking informations agaioft theaccufed. pry 4th Kal. of Septr. ~The funeral of Metella Pia,a veftal, was éelebrated, She was buried in the fepul- chre of her anceflors in the urelian road. Tie cenfors made a bargain that the tem- e of Aius Loquens thould be repaired or twenty-five fefferces. Q. Hortenfins ty Sie the people about the cenforfhip and the Allobrogic war. Advice arrived ° n Etruria that fome of the late confpi- to st had begun a tumult, headed by L. Sergius. _-* The judicial power in public trials un- x derwent frequent alterations at Rome, and had been lodged at different times in the fenators, the knights, and fometimes in a ixed number of both. It was now fhared y the Aurelian law) between the fenatorian d equeftrian orders, and the tribuni erarii who were plebeians and paymafters in the oman Exchequer), The latter were de- ived of this privilege by Julius Cafar. The ber of judges feems to have varied ac- ing to the appointment of the magiftrate rthe direétion of the Jaw, on which the ac- tion was founded. At Milo’s trial, for ance, they were reduced by lot to eight, id before fentence was given, the accufeis id the accufed rejected five out of each order, © that five determined the caufe, which was always done by ballot; but there are other afe es where the number of judges is differ- eit incident feems obfcure, Cataline’s On:the Ancient Roman New/paptrs. &9 Ap-admifrer' of antiquity»may, perhaps, find the fame concifenefS, clearnefsy and fimplicity: in the’ Aa Diurna, which fo éminently diftinguifh: the: inferiptions up. on the medals: and! public monuments of the ancients. I mmuft however owmthat they want that {priglitly, himour and-dif- fule kind of narvation: which embellith the compofitions of our modern diurnakhiftos rians. The Roman gazettes are defective in feveral’ material ornaments: of . ‘ftyles They never end an argument withthe my fiical hisit—'* This oceafions great fpeeulaa tion”? They fem to have been ignorant of fuchengagingititroductionsas—-““wehear’? -—‘‘it is ftrongly reported);”’ and! of that imgenious but threadbare excufe fora downright lie—** it wants confirmation 572 nor do they feemto have been aware of the advantages of inferting a falfehood aneiday, in order ta revive it by a downtight cons tradittion the next. It is alfo worthy of remark, that the pretor’s daughter issmax- ried without ovr beingtold that fhe-was a lady of great beauty, merity and fortune.’ Amother remark which is naturally fugs gefted from feveral articles:in thefe-jourz nais, is the great regerd which the Romans paid to the {uperititious ceremonies of a falfe and ridiculous religion, Not a day pafles but fome prodigy is obferyed, fome facrifice or feftival performed to imploré the bleffing of their deities upon the arms and councils of the ftate. Three men of the greateft quality in Rome, before they fet out upon ah embally..f importance, go ina folemn manner, accompanied by their family and friends, to beg the affiltance and protection of ‘the gods as a neceflary preparation for a long journey and a weighty employment. ( ” Such, Sir, is the refult’ of my imperfeé refearches upon this curious fudject, which I hope may induce fome of your learned correipondents to elucidate it fill further, as it cannot fail to prove interefting to fome of your readers. Your’s, &e. Ww. LE, confpiracy was entirely quafhed before this time, fo that Lucius Sergius cannot mean him, as it otherwife might, for his name was Lucius Sergius Cataline. Nor canthe expreffion reliqui@ conjuratorum be applied to Cataline’s commotion in Etruria, which was the opening of the plot, whereas the words in the 4a plainly imply that this was a re- newal of it by that part of the confpirators who had efcaped, or were yet undifcovered, © To 80 On Scoteh Aecent and Pronunciation. To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. SIR, Has lately, after twenty years . abfence, paid a vifit to the place of my nativity, Scotland, I was alike fur- prifed and hurt at the language fpoken. ‘Though accuftomed to affociate with my countrymen here, yet a great proportion of them have acquired at leaft an imitation of the Englifh language; but at Edin- burgh, Caledonia’s capital, whofe inha- bitants pride themfelves on their elegance and learning, the broadeft Scottifh accent is every where to be heard, and is not con- fined to the lower prople, but pervades all ranks, the highe(t not excepted ; and not unfrequently there is evinced an affectation of {peaking what they call pure Scotch, bidding perfeé&t defiance to a union with England, in language at leaft. In the courts of juftice, where are to be found many of the brightelt literary characters, {till the provincial accent prevails, even among thofe gentlemen of the bar or bench who fpeak in public corre€ly as to the words and grammar. But go among the circles of advocates lounging in the outer, houfe, and you will hear in their familiar difcourte the Scotch language introduced on alloccafions. 1 muft acknowledge that this {pecies of ynlgarifm is now feldom in- troduced in their publi¢ fpeeches, but be- fore I firft left the country, it was extreme- ly common among the council as well as judges. Lord Kaims, Lord Auchinleck, the late Lord Juftice Clerk Macqueen, and many cthers I could name, eminent for their legal and literary acquirements, care ried this difgulting habit to the extreme, When thefe gentlemen get themfelves tranfposted to the Britith fenate, and feated in St. Stephen’s Chapel, however learned and appropriate may be their harangues, the provinciality of their accent dishgures their language, and greatly offends the Englith ear. Lord Melville, long as he has fat in the Houfe of Commons, and much. as he has diftinguifhed himfelt in {peaking, has never been able to divelt himfelf of this impediment. Almoft the only inftance I know of a perfon bred in Scotland getting entirely rid of his native accent, was the late Earl of Rols!yn, who on his firft coming to London to prepare himfelf for the Englifh bar, wifely con- fidered this point of fo great importance, that he fecluded himfelf entirely from the fociety of his countrymen; whereas in mott of the Scots, refiding in this metropo- lis, their conftant and almoft exclufive af- fociarion together in their convivial hours, occafiong an ifveteraie continuation of {Aug 1; their language, as diftinguifhable as that of the Jews, and proceeding from the fame caufe. A reformation inthis refpect were much to be wiflied. Among the lower clafs, the people in Scotland, as in every other diftriét of the kingdom, mutft be expeéted to fpeak a vulgar and Jocal dialeSt ; bat among thofe of a better education, there might furely be fome improvement. At prefent not only is the child educated at home amidft the Janguage in its auncient purity, but at fchool his mafer, inftead of teaching him to read and pronounce the Englifh tongue, inftructs him ina fort of jargon, of which the words are correct, but the pronunciation falfe. In fhort, it is a language taught by a foreigner, who is himfelf under the fame difabilities into which he Jeads his pupils. The moit obvious means of correcting this defect, would be to employ only Eng- lifimen as teachers of the Englith language, Iam fenfible that Englifhmen, otherwife ptoperly qualified, are not to be had fo eafily, and certainly not at fo moderate rates as Scotchmen: but furely, in the principal fchools at Edinburgh, and other large towns, this difficulty might be got over; and in families that can afford to keep private tutors for their children, it would be a moft material improvement to employ Englifh gentlemen. Nar is this all: the youth fhoyld the whole time they are ftudying foreign languages, and other branches of knowledge, read daily a con- fiderable portion of Englifh aloud to ay able mafter, and every difcouragement be given to their fpeaking Scotch in common and among each other. At prefent, when a boy goes to the High School to learn Latin, he is in a great meafure taught to defpife the Englifh, and were he to at, tempt to {peak it with propriety would be laughed at by the reft, A boy who may © have received part of his education in Eng- land, and returns to Edinburgh to a pubs lic {chool, is as much ridiculed by his companions as the moft awkward young Sawney would be among a number of Englifh boys, I particularly remember, when I was at the High School of Edin, burgh, an example of this, in the perfon of the prefent Earl of Lauderdale, and his brother, G the town of Philadelphia ; but the corpora- tion was felf-elegtivé, and not accountable to. the citizens, according to the arbitrary fytems of the mother-country. On the late aufpicious revolution, this charter was annulled, and its powers were varioufly diftritvazed, until, in 1789, a corporation was again regularly organiz-~ ed by charter, confituting a mayor, re- corder, fifteen aldermen, common coun- cil, &¢. &c. &c. 5 the latter to be annus ally chofen by the taxable inhabitants. The public inftitutions, of Philadelphia are peculiarly numerous and beneficial.— They include a univerfity, as well asa competent number of public, private, and free-{chools, a philofophical fociety, a mu- feum, a public library, an hofpical, a dif- penfary, one public and two private alms- houies, acoliege of phyficians, focieties for promoting agriculture, f.r the encou- i ragement 34 ragement of the arts and manufactures, for the abolition of Negro-flavery (a ftain of colonial dependence that flill tarnifhes the fair efcutcheon of American freedom), and for alleviating the miferies of public prifons; to whofe benevolent exertions is chiefly owing the improvement of the pe- nal code, and the prefent fafety of the in- habitants from the depredations of the unprincipled part of the community. Befides thefe benevolent afluciations, there are now. in Philadelphia three char- tered banks, fix marine infurance-compa- nies, two for infuring againft fire, and forty-one printing-oflices, five of which publith daily-papers, that are in a few days circulated gratis from Geargia -to New-Hamphhire, by means of the poft- office, which originated in 1775, in the then capital of the Britifh colonies, under the aufpices of the venerable Franklin, fo long the benefa€tor of his country. The mint of the United States is ftill kept at Philadelphia, A type foundry has been long eftablifhed ; and printing, coachinaking, cabinet-work, and fhip- building, are carried to a degree of per- fection unrivalled in America, and little excelled in Europe. Bur the ftaple com- modity of Philadelphia is four, of which 400,000 barrels have been exported ina year. Such is the falubrity of the air of Phila~ delphia, that the births annually exceed the deaths in the proportion of five to three; yet the exceflive heat of the fum- mer-months, during which the thermome- ter may be averaged at 72, and fometimes rifes to 93, is fonearly allied to the atmo- {phere of the burning zone, as readily to receive and propagate the yellow-fever of the Wef-Indies, of late fo frequently in- troduced into the United States through Extralis from the Portfolio of a Man of Letters. (Aug. e perpetual intercourfe, feebly reftrained by the inadequate operations of local and temporary health-laws. Within the memory of a gentleman of obfervation, there were but three coaches kept among the gentry of Philadelphia ; not moré than two, or,,at moft, three, thips arrived once a-year with the wz- rivalled manufa&tures of Great Britain ; nor, were petty floops fitted out to ex- change American flour for Weft-India produce but in fhares of one-third, one- fix'h, or even one twelfth, by the then principal merchants of the place. With- out exceeding the bounds of ordinary lon- gevity, he has lived to fee twelve or fifteen hundred fail annuaily expedited for every quaiter of the globe, cf which fifteen or twenty double the fouthern promontory of Africa, and explore the antipodes for the moft cottly productions of the Haft ; while at home three hundred coaches eccafion- ally difplay the eafe of opulence, cr the elegance of luxury. Such an increafe of wealth and fplen- dour, within the recolle€tion cf a fingle man, admits of but one comparifon in the hiftory of the world ; and, if Peterfburg may jufily beaft fuperior numbers, and a more recent origin, it has been created among the marfhes of the Neva by a fuc- ceflion of abfolute princes, commanding the re{vurces of a mighty empire 3° while Philadelphia, at firft only the chief town of a dependent colony, and now no more than the capital of a fingle province of an infant nation, hasrifen upon the banks of the Delaware, from the liberal inftitutes ° - of a private founder, feconded only by the energy of principle, and the efforts of intelligence, to a diftinguifhed rank among the capitals of nations. Exirads from the Port-folio of a Man of Letters. ae ACRATUS. N a recent collection of engravings from antigue gems, occurs a fort of wing-_ ed Bacchus, called Acratus, a genius, or {pirit, of the god of the grape. Might not this hitherto neglected divinity, be em- ployed as the emblematic or ailegoric per- fonification of brandy? An acratilm was the old name for a whet, or cordial. There is this ufe in an euphemifin, that it facibi- tates fincerity : one cannot fay of any wo- man “‘ fhe drinks drams ;*” but one might hazard ‘fhe is a worfhipper of Acratus.”” He was no doubt the fon of Bacchus sand of Vetta. ENCYCLOPEDY. Who firft contrived thefe diftionaries of omnif{cience which are become the cil- terns of all medern knowledge? Hermanous Torrestinus of Zwol, in the Dutch province Oyeryfiel, printed in 1510, at Haguenau, his alphabetic Elucz- darius Carminum et Hifioriarum. Au augmented edition was publifhed at Paris, in 1567, entitled Dictonarium Hiftoricury, 1805.] Hiftoricum, Geographicum, Poeticum, auc- tore Caralo'Stephano; which had a vattruo. The fuccefs of this work occafioned Ni- colas Lloyd to publifh at London, in 1670, a fimilar di€tionary in folio. At Balil, in 1677, Hoffmann edited his Lexicon Univerfale. Harris’s Lexicon Techinicum, printed at London, in 1704, feems to be the ear- Jiett vernacular attempt of this kind ; and Chambers’s Cyclopzdia to be that which impofed the now appropriated denomina- tion. ZWINGLI. The Zwinglians, obferves a French ec- clefiaftic hiftorian, have been the moft to- Terant of all the proteftants. Does not this arife from the circumftance that Zwingli never holds out any fpecific creed as eflential to falvation. In his Profeffion of Faith, addrefled to Francis I. he fays, © we thall meet in heaven with Thefeus, with Ariftides, and with Socrates.” Zwingli had another merit : he invent- ed the proper reply to the Catholic argu- ment for tranfubftantiation, by obferving . that the verb zs often ftands for fignifies or Upifies: as in Exodus, xii. 11 5 where it 18 faid of a lamb, ‘* It is the Lord’s ftride or pafs-over.”” This is my body, means, this typifies my body. Neither Luther, nor Bucer, have got rid of the theophagite cannibalifm of the communion-rite. a an. < GIFT OF TONGUES. There is a paflage in Clemens Alexan- drinus, (but the memorandum of reference A has bezn loft) in which he ftates it to have been cuflomary in the fynagogues of Alex- andria, and o:her Mediterranean fea-ports, to fay the public prayers in three different languages, Syriac, Greek, and Latin, for __ the accommodation of foreign traders and failors. Each fentence was repeated in each language before the next fentence was begun; as if we were to deliver the Lord’s prayer thus: ‘¢ Our father, who art in beaven:”” Notre pere, qui es aux cieux, Unfer vater, der du in bimmel bift. ** Hallowed be thy name :” Sanétifié foit _. ton nom; Geheiliget werde dein nahme, Gc. The habit, fkill, facility or faculty of making thefe macaronic prayers appears to have becn called the gift of tongues. It was jultly faid to be bettowed by the reli- eee or holy {pirit, becaufe the requifite abour of acquirement was incurred for a holy or religious purpofe. We ftill fay of a ftudent of theology’ in the prefbyteri- - an {chools, that he has an excellent gift of prayer, when he has learned to pray ex- _ tempore, with eloquence ; and we might —_— Extra&s from the Port-folio of a Man of Letters. 35 with propriety fay, that he owes the gift of prayer to the holy fpirit which poffeffes him. Some perfonifications originally alle- goric, may eafily have attained a mytho- logical fignification ; and fome expreffions originally emblemaric, have acquired an epic reality 5 in pafling from the lips of the affertor to the pen of the narrator, even where both endeavoured to be ftriétly faithful. ‘At leaft in reading Peter’s, or Luke’s account of the giftof tongues, one is at firft led to fufpe& a miraculous in- terpofition ; yet, in the courfe of the Apo- ftolic Hiftory, one finds the very perfons recurring to iaterpreters, who im fome meafure were partakers of this gift. This is fymptomatic of limited human acquire- ment. But on this part of the fubject Middleton has treated admirably and fuf- ficiently. Would it not be worth while in our own fea-ports to opén chapels where the liturgy might be repeated alternately in Englith, French, and Dutch? Such places of worfhip would be good {chools of language to children intended for the counting-honfe ; and we fhould foon get over the ridicule of hearirg a prieft, Like Cerberus himfelf pronounce, A leah of languages at once. ZOOTHECA. The Romans gave this Greek name to thofe ftables, or ftyes, in which live ani- mals were kept for facrifice. Wehave no Englifh word correfponding with the French menagerie. Can it be Jefs pedan- tically tranflated, than by Zootheca ? Would it not tbe worthy of M. Pidcock, _to naturalize it, and to advertize his Zoo- theca, at Exeter Change. BOMEYCINE, Telas araneorum (fays Pliny, 1. iv. c. 12) modo texunt ad veflem luxumque feminarum que bombycna appellatur. Prima eas redordiri rurfursque lexere in- venit in Leo mulier Pamphila. Thefe fpider’s threads of Pliny are no doubt the work of the filk-worm. Itap- pears therefore that the bombycine was ori- givally a tuff wholly of filk ; but that, on accoust of the precioufnefs of that mate- rial, it became a practice to rave] or un- weave fuch fiiken ftuffs, and to employ both the warp and the fhoot, for the warp of mixed fluffs, Thefe ftuffs with filken warps and woollen fhoots were alfo called bombycines, after the nang of the parent article, and were invented in an ifland of the Archipelago (perhaps, according toa reading inferred trom Arittotle, in Coas, the patria of Hippocrates) by a lady named Pamphila, Ez Dr. Dr. Johnfon thinks fit to fpell the word bombafin; but this is an unjuttifiable cor- ruption. ; CAMELOT, OR CAMLET. This word is fpelled camblet in the tariffs of the cuftom-houfe, and the corre- fpondence of the Laft-India Company. Brown of Norwich (and one may truft a Norwich man on the fubjeét) tells us in his Vulgar Errors that camlets were ori- ginally fo called, becaufe they were fup- pofed to be made of the hair of the camel. The firt camiets were made of mohair, which is the hair of a goat, but which, as it comes-from the Levant, might well pafs for camel's hair. At the marriage of the rivers in the Fairy queen, Spenfer dreffes the Medway in ——a‘velture of unknown geare And uncouth fathion, that her well became, That feem?d like filver fprinkled here and there, With glittering fpangs, that did as ftars ap- pear. And wav'd upon like water-camelot. Watered camlets are. often called mo- reens, or morains. Moraine is the French name for that woo] which the tanner, or ‘currier, removes from a hide by the ap. plication of quick-lime. ‘The coarfe thick ftuffs made of this refufe-wool were the or gical morains. Among Dr. Birch’s MSS. in the Mufeum, Mr. Ayfcough’s catalogue, 4291, is a Letter front Matthew Prior, “To the Rev. Dr. Swift, Dean of St. Patrick, in Dublin, Ireland.” ¢ Wefir. 25th April, 1721. DEAR SIR, «© T know very well that you can write a good letter if you have a mindtoit; but that is not the queltion—a letter from you fometimes is what Idefire. Referve your tropes and periads for thofe whom you love lefs, and let me hear how you do, in whatever.-hymour you are, whether lend- ing your money to the butchers, proteé&- ing the weavers, treating the women, or confruing propria que maribus io the country curate ; you and I are fo eftablifh- ed. authors that we may write what we will withont fear of cenfure, and if we have not lived long enough to prefer the bagatelle to any thing elfe, we deferved to have our brains knocked out ten years ago. Extraéis from the Port-folio of a Man of Letters. [Aug. 1, I have received the money punttually of Mr. Danicl Hayes, have his receipt, and hereby return you all the thanks that your friend{hip in that affair ought to claim,and your generofity does contemn ; there’s one turn for you--good! ‘The man you m:b- tioned in your laft, has been in the country thefe two years, very ill in his heaith, and has not for many menths been out of his chamber; yet what you obferved of him is fo true, that his fickne{$ is all counted for policy, that he will not come up till the public difraélions force fomzboty or other (whom Gud knows) who will oblige fome body elfe to fend for him in open triumph, - and fet him fratu quo prius: that in the mean time he has forefeen all that has hap- pened, checkmated all the minifiry, and, to divert himfelf at his leifure hours, has laid all thefe lime-twigs for his neighbour Coningfby that keeps that precious bird ‘in the cage, out of which himfeli flipped fo cunningly and eafily. «Things and the way of men’s judging them vary fo much here that it is impoflible to give you any juft account of fome of our fricnd’s aétions. Roffen is more than fuipeéted to have givea up his party as Sancho did his fubjeéts, for fo much a head, [un portant Vautre. His caufe therefore, which is fomething criginally like that of the Lutrine, is oppofed or ne- gleéted by his ancient friends,.and openly fuftained by the miniftry. He cannct be lower in the opinion of moft men than he is; and I with our friend Ha1—— were higher than he is. “‘ Our young Harley’s vice is no more covetoufnefs than plainnefs of fpeech is that of his coufin Tom. His lordthip is really amabilis, and Lady -Barriet ado- randa. } “ T tell youno news, but that the whole is a complication of miftake in policy, and of knavery in the execution of it; of the minifters (I fpeak) for the moft part, as well ecclefiattical as civil; this is all the truth I can tell you, except one, which I am jure you receive very kindly, that “Tam, ever, your friend and F ** Your fervt. sé M. Prior.” ‘© Friend Shelton, commonly called Dear Dick, is with me. We drink your health Adieu.” ORIGINAL —— = 1805.) ( 87) ORIGINAL POETRY. THE FOLLOWING LINES WERE COPIED : FROM THE WAINSCOT OF A BAILIFF’S LOCK-UP ROOM, IN BIRMINGHAM. (The Write? is unknown.) “ @N this chill gloom, where Pity never ; I fmil’d, ; To foothe the woes of Mis’ry’s pallid child 5 Where the mild balfam of the {ummer air, Ne’er came to cool the fever of defpair ; _ Evy’n here a breaft, once fraught with proud : defire, _ Once glowing with the flame of Freedom’s re fire ; : A being who had thron’d him on delight, _ Whole voice contemptuous mock’d misfor- , tune’s night ; Who once had fhared the blifs of life’s brief : x day, _ Who welcom’d joy, and dreamt not of dif- * may F 4 7 ‘ ? Here felt the pangs of Mis’ry’s fierce con- q troul, : And clafp’d the fiend of Ruin to his foul. "Whoever thou, fad tenant of this gloom; Read in thefe mournful lines a brother’s doom 3 Bafely betray’d—he yet his fighs repreft, _- Nor pour’d the wrongs that rankled in his ; breaft : _ Too proud the injuries of his keart toown, _ He nurtur'd Mis’ry in his ftiffed groan; - Defpair her chill fires from his eyélids flung, __ And Silence fat upon his palfied tongue ; Yet once—’twas Phrenzy ruled the fated P hour, _ Feeling uncheck’d ufurp’d her harrowing is ow'T 5 : _ With all the paft to mock his madd’ning : » thought, _ And all the prefent with deftrudtion fraught ; _ Ev’n in that hour he nurs’d his bofom’s 7 pride, Curt the dark moment of kis birth, and ; died ! , eee DDRESS TO A WILLOW, BROUGHT FROM A FAMILY SEAT (WHICH HAD BEEN _ DISPOSED OF) AND PLANTED OVER THE GRAVE OF A BELOVED CHIiD, O laft depofit from that long lov’d fpot, Where brighteft hopes, where keeneft an- guith rofe ; Go, nor lament thy fad thy banifh’d lot, _ Nor droop in forrow for thy owner’s woes; ‘But live and flourith round the facred place, _ Where all that’s mortal of our darling’s ey laid ; Bloom o’er the grave with renovating grace, _ And mark the tribute by affeétion paid, - Yet though my tendereft tear will wet the fod, Thy wid’ning, length’ning, branches bend to fhade, My foul expanding, foaring to its God, Beholds the Arngel-in his bofom laid. Nova Scotia. B. i \ THESE LINES WERE WRITTEN THE FOLLOWING SPRING, BY THE CHILD'S GRANDMOTHER, THE willow withers o’er the facred place, It ftrikes no root, the fap afcends no more ; No more it grace, But moulders with the relics we deplore, blooms, with renovating Sad emblem of my blafted hopes it ftands, Torn from the {pot where long they ciuf- “ ter’d fair, Twining with warm affeétion’s ftrongeft bands, Round ev’ry fondly cherifh’d obje& there. By duty cherifh’d, dears, Bound to the heart by more than magic : fpell ; Sweet home-born joys, and forrows bitter tears 5 .Farewel, dear fcenes, a long, a lafi—fare- wel. and which fawe en- No more, thefe alien feet fhail tread thofe plains, No more, thefe trying fcenes fhall meet my eye, This little grave is all that now remains 3 And here my blafted hopes for éver lie. —_—E a STANZAS, ON A DISTANT VIEW OF WALES. EX4.1T, © wind, thy broad aérial wing : Difpel the flumbers of the fouthern gales ; And o’er the fea, thy fwelling breezes fling, To waft me homeward to the {hore of Wales, Lo! far in profpe& lies my native land,~ Enrich’d with treafures to my bofom dear, My friends, and her, who with a mother’s hand Suftain’d my infant fleps, and dried the tear. Thofe hills remote are lovely tothe eye :-— Scenes of my youthful gambols and de- _ lights, Whence firft I fawthe fun, the ftarry iky, The young auroraof the northern lights. My 38 My father’s garden, grove, and orchard wild, In fummer-robes of rich luxvriance dreft, Methought, with charms like blooming Eden fmil’d, Where Adam with his confort Eve was bleft. Not fairer was the green retreat of o'd, Where Amadis witis Oriana dwelt 5 Bright Miraflores *f in that age of gold, When Valour at tle feet of Beauty knelt. Befide the fpring o’er which a willow grows, And aged oaks their fhadowy branches wave, In fummer’s noontide-heat, be mine repafe; And ia the midnight gloom of death, a grave ! —_—=e (The following Stanzas were found in the hand-writing of Petrarch, inclofed in a Teaden box, in the coffin, coutaining the xemains of Laura, at Avignon; a circum-~ fiance which muft render them peculiarly ' Interefting to the lovers of that amiable “and accomplifhed writer. The tranflator ‘has made occafional deviations, beiag ra- ther defirous to preferve the fpirit than the letter of the original.) Qu repofan qui cafti, «e felici offa, Di quell alma gentile, e fola interra, Afpro, e dur faffo, hor ben teco hai fottera Et vero honor, la fama, e belta feolfa Morte ha del verde Lauro felta, ¢ feoffa Frefca radice, e il premio di mio guerra Di quattro luftre e piu, fe Plate I. of a Panoramic View of St. Peterf- burgh, dedicated, by Permiffion, to his Impe- rial Majefly Alexander I. \ Drawn on the “Spot oy F. A. Atkinfon, from. the Objferva- tory of the Academy of Sciences. Publifhed by Boydell and Co. Size 31 by 17. This the firft of a feries of four prints, which it is intended to publifh from drawings by the fame artift, and they will form an interefting view of this ca- pital city. The four drawings were ori- ‘ginally intended to have been combined, and to have been formed into a Panorama, and they would have made a very fine ‘one; but from not meeting with a fuit- able place for exhibition, or fome other - caufe, that plan was abandoned, and they are fubmitted to the public in the above prints. To render views of towns and _ Cities correct, and at the fame time pic- turefgue, is not an ealy tafk. Among the numerous artifts who have painted them, from Canalletti to Marlow, how _ few have been fuccefsful! In this deli- “Neation it may be fafely affirmed, that the _ difficulty is furmounted ; for it is in-an eminent degree picturefque and agreeable. __ If we may be permitted to adopt a tech- “nical phrafe, taken as a whole, it has what painters fometimes call a peculiarly pleafing eye. Thofe who have not feen the place cannot judge of the accuracy of ‘ the delineation; but from the informa. ‘tion of fome perfons who have refided in Roffia, and from the weil known abilities Wot the artilt, we have reafon to believe _ that it is fngularly corres. t - 73 Hamlet. T. Lawrence, R. A. pinxt. 8. W. » Reynolds, feulpt. Publifbed by Boydell and Co. Alas! posr Torick. __ The original pifture from which this is copied, was exhibited at the Royal Academy in 1303, and was, as far as we recolleét, confidered as a portrait of tr Kemble. It is not, however, a very king refemblance. It is engraved in _Mezzotinto, and the general effeét folemn, impreflive, and highly appropriate to the feene and fubje&t. Taken as a whole, it mult be clafled as avery fine print, though it would perhaps have been better if the Fight leg and thigh had been a little more | diftinétly made out. In the pigture they were feparated from the cloak by the local colouring, but in the print they are loft and contufed in the fhadows. It is in- ended as a companion print to the Rolla, hich was publithed fome time fince. The Grandmother's Bleffing. Painted by Robert sMairke, Exgrayed by W. Evans. Publifbed | Retrofpeet of the Fine Arts: 51 by Boydell and Co. and dedicated to their Mas jefties. The Size 24 by 19. This is intended as a companion print to one entitled Conjugal Affection, en- graved from a picture painted by the fame artift, and now in the Council Chamber at Guildhall. For thofe who are not {a- tisfied with any other delineations than fuch as reprefent the heroic achievements of high and exalted charaéters, this print is not calculated. Like the companion picture, it is an admirable and interefting reprefentation of a domeftic fcene, where the charaéters are taken from the middle ranks of life ; and may be confidered as coming home to all men’s bujinefs and bo- foms. It is an addrefs to the mind, ina language which may be underftood by all who have underftanding ; and will be fele by all who have feeling. With regard to the executive part, the print is very correttly copied from the picture. Una, from Spencer's Faerie Queen. Defigned, erigraved, and publifhed, by R Weflall, R.A. May, 1805. The elegant and poetical defign from which this print is engraved, was exhi- bited at the Royal Academy in 1804, and is faid to be a portrait of Mi's Eften. It is engraved in the fame manner as fome others which he has publifhed, and is, we believe, ecched in a foft ground, and the flefh-colour, &c. afterwards wrought up with a pencil, Be that as it may, it is certainly the beft ftyle that could be adopted for imitating drawings of this defcription ; and though the pro- cefs muft be rather tedious, the effect is extremely picturefque, and in almott every . particular equal to the original. Mr. Ackerman has publifhed a print, reprefenting The Launching of hisMajefly's Ship Hibermay, of 129 Guns; Circe and Pallas Frigates, of 32 Guns each; and the Unlocking the St. George, of 98 Guns, having undergone a complete Repair, on the 171b of November, 1804. R. Parker del. -Bluck fculpt. It is dedicated to Lord St Vincent, and fhews the effect produced by his Lord~ fhip’s mode of working the fhipwrighrs, under the‘direétion of Jofhua Tucker, Efq. &c. &c. When printed in colours, it is infinitely more picture’que than ma- rine fubjeéts ulually are; the fhip sing is very correctly drawn, and Immenfe groups of little figures in the furrounding boats, &c. have an action and fpirit thar is vay raredegiven to fuch minute delineations. Tine whole is very well engraved, ‘G3 From of From the fame publither we have No. I. “of a feries of heads engraved in chalks, by T: Nugent, for the improvement of thofe who are learning drawing. ‘This Number contains four heads, viz. Ariadne and Diana, drawn by L. De Longafire; Minerva; by F. Agar and Sapina, by _ Maria Cofway. Thefe heads are as large as life, and admirably calculated for the improvement of young practitioners in the art, being in a-free and eafy fty!e, and the air of the heads, efpecially the Ariadne, 1s unat- fe&ted and pleafing. They are as large as life, printed on a light brown drawing. paper; the two fir are en profile, the others are full faces. No. II. is an- nounced for {peedy publication. The twelve fmall coloured prints, on half a fheet of paper, for card-marks, are, in this age of piétures and prints, a novel and good thought. The different groupes are in fmall {quares, principally ~earicature fubjects, reprefenting French and Eoglith travelling, fafhion, &c. and confidering their reduced fize, they are very whinnically charaéteriltic. Mr. Ackerman has alfo publifhed Pro- pofals for publifhing by fub{cription, to be paid on delivery, two prinis, from the interefting views in the City of Dublin, after drawings made by T. S. Roberts, and executed ina flyle not to be diftin- guifhed from-the originals. “Size 35 by 28 inches. The firft reprefents a South View on the River. Liffey, taken from the Coal. Quay, or Fruit Market. The fecond, a View of College Green, Wefmoreland freet, part of Sackville- freet, and Carlifle Bridge, taken from Grafton-ftrect. To be ready on or be- fore Chriftmas next. We have had frequent eccafion to fpeak of the works of. Mr. Roberts, and from the tafle and abilities he has difplayed in his preceding productions, we jiorm very high expectations of thele two prints. Ruth and ber Mother; and Ruthiand Boaz; Companion Prints, H, Singleton pinxt. H. Gillbank feulpt. Pubiifred by Fames Daniell, Strand. The only hiftorical fubje&s which our early painters attempted to delineate, were built upon fcripture hiftory, or the ftrange legendary ftories of their canonized faints. The fuppreffion of monafleries, and prohibition of pictures in churches, induced the few artifts we had to change their ftyle, and, as in other things, the change was carried to an extreme j tor ‘{ Retrofpelt of the Fine Arts [Aug. 1, though the Bible abounds in fabjeéts ad- mirably calculated for the pencil, our modern painters have rarely adopted them. We were therefore glad to, fee the two above fubjeéts chofen by Mr. Singleton, and he has treated them in an interefting ~ and agreeable manner: the engravings, — which are in mezzotinto, are worthy of the pictures, and both together form a very pleafing pair of furniture prints. Love, Chaflity—Companion Prints. H. Single» ton, pinxt. A, Cardon, feulpt. To allegorical perfonages we never had much partiality, but in this little piece of fancy prints they are agreeably and nas turally introduced, and well enough en- graved in the chalk manner. The panoramic ityle of painting is no longer to be confidered asa novelty, but it (till retains its attraétions as a wonders ful appropriation of the deception to be produced by perfpeétive, and a grand aps plication of the art of painting. There are now three Panoramas exhibited to the public, in different places, viz.—The View of Edinburgh, in Leicefter-fquare 5 The Battle of Agincourt, at the Lyceum 4 and the Bay of Naples, in the Strand. All thefe have great merit, but taken in every point of view, the Bay of Naples is, perhaps, the iuperior pigture. The Morland-Gallery, at-Macklin’s Room, in Fleet-ftreet, continues open. It — contains 95 pictures of very unequal merits” the marine fubj “is are in general inferior to the land fcenery; fome of them are feeble, and the foam, like that formerly painted by French artilts, reminds the fpectator of the curls of a periwig. Ina fheep, hogs, and ruftics, efpecially the ruftics of the ftable, he was at home, and his works are of a very fuperior clafs to’ thofe of fome other artilts that we could | mention, whofe names rank very high, but whofe reputations have been obtained, — by their exact imitations of the manners, — of preceding paivters. They ttudied pic | iures, but, Morland ftudied nature, and: — his peculiar tafte led him to fcenes where | he faw the fubjects he painted in all their, varieties. In confequence of this,, hig — figures, animals, &c. ‘* Are Englith,— Englifh, Sirs, from top to toe.’ Many — of his little fimple fubje€ts are over- whelmed with fuperb frames, of a pros digious, and in fome cafes, we think, of — a prepofterous depth. However, to thofe~ who wifh to contemplate nature as it js in our own country, the whole, taken to-— gether, .will afford much entertainment 5_ and = iter what has been {aid, it is but fair to enumerate fome of the leading pictures, ___No, 6. Reprefents Travellers benighted. _-‘This is a candle-light fcene, previous to inting which, many of our artifts would fe iafpescted a piéture by Schalkin, but oes has confulted a better guide, he % gures are admirably drawn, and the general effe&t of this piture is as fine as Teniers. _. No. 13. Reprefents Tavo Pigs, and is in his very bet ttyle. No. 19. Is a Dead Pig—a ftrange fub+ je& for an Englifh artilt, but it is folid, _ and peculiarly rich in the colouring. i No. 24. The portrait of the Superix- tendant of a Brick-kila ({aid to be painted oy in twenty minutes) is a molt fpirited . thetch. _ + No, 52. The Pafing Shower. Simple, but chaite and natural, and the fky, ex- @ttly as we have feen it in nature. No, 58. Is an admirable Moon-light. « Bb, HIS work is of very difinguithed me- tit. Beauty of fancy, felicity of expref fion, and maftery of modulation are the __ keadingcharacteriftics of almokt every page. _ The meaning and fentiment of the poetry ___ has been fo {crupuloufly attended to as to _ place Mr, Salomon very high in the rank f compofers of good fenfe, as well as of in€ imagination, and to evince a judg- ment matured not only by the acquifition of fcience but by the fludy of the belles tres. A produétion fo greatly calcu- Hated to gratity amateurs of clear difcern- Ment and pure ta'te will, we hope, meet ith fuch encouragement as to induce this _ excelient and jultly efteemed mufician to | Speedily oblige the public with another effort of his mufe, , vy A grand Sonata for the Piano-forte; compofed by Fofeph Weelft. 4s. tal ae _ Mr. Woellt, a recent €iGtor to this ountry, and with whole exiraordinary | powers on the piano-forte we are not un- #equainted, has exhibited g: cat ingenuicy 3805.]0 Review of New Mufical Publications. x Ls No. 66. Is adelightful pi@ure, coms pofed of next to nothing; indeed it is to the praife of Morland that he rarely crowds his canvas with unneceflary ob jects. We never fee a figure to be let. ' No. 70. The High Mettled Racer, a very good picture, built upon Dibden’s ballad. No. 60. Reprefents a Sheep as large as life, and it is not ealy to conceive that nature can be reprefented in a more accu. rate mirror. t No. 62, Isa {mall view of a Slaughters houfe, and the fheep, though fine as thofe of Berghem, are not of the fame country 5 they are completely Englith, The Britifh Inftitunon, for the En. couragement of the Fine Aits, &c. which we mentioned in a former Retrofpeft, is now in a way of being matured. The Society have laid out 4,500]. of the fub- fcriptions already received in the purchafe of the Shakefpeare Gallery in Pall-Mall ; fo that they will, at all events, have a centrical fituation and good light, for fuch pictures as they exhibit to the infpece tion of the public. SESE EEE SEE SN Wane Se REVIEW OF NEW MUSICAL PUBLICATIONS, | and a profundity of judgment in this pra- duftion. The paflages are, for the mo part, of a very original caft; and the aux iliary fharps and: flats are introduced with an addrefs that argues the moft familiar acquaintance with every intricacy of ex- traneous modulation ; and though wecan- not aver that all the ideas are equally faf- cinating, yet are they. in every infance fo fkilfully difplayed and taftefuily decorated as to produce a very interelting, ffe&t, and convince every refined hearer of the rich {tore of fcience and folid judgment of: the compofer. Three Sinatas for the Piano-forte, compofed in a familiar Style, for the Improvement of young Praétitiones, and. dedicated to Mifs Frances Greene, by Fulian Bufby, 4s. The ttyle and: plan of thefe fonatas are explained in the tile ; we have therefore only to {peak of the merit of the execution, as conformable to the defign ; and, taking them in this point of view, we cannot but award great praifé to their you author. He has evidently, amidit the free indulgence ot his fancy, thadioudly confult- ed the convenience of the learner; andhas fo fuccefsfully blended the gratification of By ef the ear with the improvement of the finger as to enfure the earneft thanks of €very juvenile practitioner. Tbe celebrated Overture of Demopbon; are ranged for the Piano-farte by T. Latour, Ejy. 25. This fine, expreffive overture, though not, perhaps, fo perfe&tly calculated tor a piano-forte exercife as fome others, has been turned to great account by Mr, La- tour's -adaptation. The {core is ably compreffed, and the paflages are fo well difpofed for the band, as to facilitate their execution and produce a pleafantnefs of ef- fect that could not have been expected from a lefs fkilful mafter. ‘* Ret, Lady Fair 3? a Ballad for Three Voices, as fung by Meffrs. Terrail, Vaughan, and T. Sale, at the Glee Club 3 dedicated to T. Moore, Efq. 2s. This ballad, or glee, is intended as an anfwer to “* Oh, Lady fair!” and is no unworthy companion to that pleafing and popularcompofition. ‘The ideas are ealy, natural, and unaffected ; and the combina- tion of the voices difplays a degree of my- fical intelligence every way fufficient for a production of this fcepe. €° The Violet of the Vale ;” a Ballad Sung by Mifs Tennant, at the Vi ocal Concérts, Hano- wer-[guare 5 compoled by F. F. Burrows. 15, The melody of this fung, the words of which are by Mr, Rannie, exhibits the picture of a mind fertile and tafterul, but, perhaps, without that perfeét eafe and finith which only experience and length of ftudy can attain. The ideas are ele- gantly turned, but fome of the di ances are too fudden, while obvious opportuni. ties of expreflion have been miffed, Lucy, a Ballad ; Sung by Mrs, Mountain, with univerfal Applaufe ; compofed and re[pePfully dedicated to Mifs Harriet Hutchinjon, by Sames Henry Leffler. 15, Mr. Bloomfieid, the celebrated author of the «© Farmer's Boy,” has fupplied the poetry of * Lucy 5°? and Mr. Leffler, we mult fay, has, in his melody, kept pace with his author’s purity of idea, and eafe of digtion. Ina word, <* Lucy’ is a very engaging and interefting little ballad, The fawourite Air of *© Laurette 3” compofed by Tee Smare ; arranged as a Rondo, for the Piano. forte or Harp, ond infcribed to Mifs Beechey, by Fofeph Major. 25. Mr. Major has converted this popular Review of New Mufical Publications. [ Aug, 1, air into a rondo that will, we predict, he-~ come equally prevalent. The digreffive matter blends well with the theme, and the paffages, while they muft gratify every cultivated ear, afford that praétice for the finger by which it cannot fail to be improved. ‘* Poor Kate abo fells Brier 3" a Ballad ; Jung by Mifs Tyrer, at the Theatre Royal Drury Lane; written and compofed by Wik liam “fobn Rhodes, 1s, 7 ‘“* Poor Kate’ tells her tale in a me- Jody as fimple and natural as her own charaéter ; and this we deem the firft me. rit in a fong of this kind. Among the lovers of unafteted, artlefs air, Mr. Rhodes, we are convinced, will gain by this little effort many admirers. §* The Maid of Seaton Vale,’ a Scottifo Ballad, written by Mr. Rannie ; compofed and dedi cated to Mars. Finlafon, by Fobn RoJs, Efq. Ts. Tn the ** Maid of Seaton,”’ we find much {weetnefs of melody and tendernefs of ex- preffion. The ideas flow out of each other with eafe and nature, and the effect of the whole worthy the well known ta- lents from which the melody {prings. Anew Overture for the Pirno-forte; compofed and dedicated to Mifs Maria Place, by Fe Latour, Ejq. 25 ’ : This overture, in which Mr. Latour has introduced the favourite air of « Go George, I can’t endure you,” is through. out conceived with much fpirit, and pro- duces an effect that evinces a particular happinefs of talent for this light, eafy, and pleafing fpecies of compofition. Piano- torte ttudents who have not yet arrived at the higker ftages of execution will find this an agreeable and improving exercife. ‘* Orphan Mary; ar, the Strawberry Girl ;” Jung by Mrs. Herbert, in the New Panice mines of © Laugh and lay down 3 or Harle- quin King of Spades ;” compofed by F. Sander= Jon. 15. | gig Sine aa This is one of thofe many little efforts, which, without any ftriking merit or pecu- liarity of charaéter, pleafe the general ear, and add to the general itock of ordinary. entertainment. 1605.J ~ (85°) "NEW ACTS OF THE BRITISH LEGISLATURE. Being an Analyfis of all A&s of General Importance, sae Seffion of Parliament, 45 Geo. Ill. paffed in the prefent The New Duties impofed in the prefent Sef- _ fion of Parliament, are—By the Aéts 45 Geo, ili. cap. 11. on Poftages.—45 Geo, __. Hii. cap. 13. on Pleafure Horfes.—45 Geo. ili. cap. 14. on Salt.—45 Geo. iii. cap. 15. on Property or Income.—45 Geo. iii. cap. 28. on Legacies.—45 Geo. ili. cap.°30. on Excife and Cuftom Duties. ; F the increafed Rates of Poftage un- a der the authority of the firft-men- ' tioned Aét, every one mut now be well informed ; but it is proper to obferve that the Duty on Pleafure Horfes has been increafed one-fifth. The Tax on Property “or Income, one-fourth. The Daty on Salt one-half; and the Excile and Cultom Duties (which cannot be detailed in this ~Mifcellany) ina certain proportion. _Amongit new Aéts the firlt that re- quires notice, isthe Stat. 45 Geo. 3. cap. _ 2%, impofing a Duty on Legacies; the enaétments of which are as follows :— __ There fhall be paid upon all legacies, _ Specific or pecuniary, or of any other de- ~ Scription; Wrcther the fame be charged up- on any real or perfonal eftate ; and upon _ all refidues or fhares of perfonal eftate left _ byany will or teftamentary inftrument, or _ divided by force of the ftatute of diftribu- “tions, or the ciftom of any province or _ place; and upon monies, or refidues or _ tivares of monies, arifing from the fale of _ feal eftates, by duty,will, or teftamentary _ initrument, dire&ted to be fold ; the duties ’ following—that is to fay, ____ Upon every legacy of twenty pounds or More, given by any will or teRtamentary ioftrument, for the benefit of any child, or ‘Gefcendant of any child, and charged upon any real or perfonal eftate, or on monies arifing from the fale of any real eftare, and Upon the clear refidue of every perion dy- ing te(tate or inteftate, and upon every tof the clear refidue deyifed to any per- on of any monies arifing by the fale of hy real eftate, by any will or teltamen- inftcument direfted to be fold, pro- td fuch perfon fhall leave any perfonal » teal eftate of the clear yeatly value of 8 hundred pounds in the whole, after dusting debts, funeral expences, and ther charges and legacies (it any) the m Of one pound for every one hundred bnds of the value of any fuch legacy or fidue, and after the fame rate for any eater or dels fum. charged upon any real eftate, or monies arifing from the fale of any real eftate, di- rected to be fold, of the clear value of one hundred pounds, and upon fuch monies, and the clear refidue, after payment of debts, funeral expences, and other charges and legacies, if any, and which, if pay- able out of any perfonal eftate*, would by virtue of 44 Geo. 3. cap. 98. have been chargeable with any of the duties of two pounds ten fhillings, four pounds, and five pounds; the like duty of two pounds ten fhillings, four pounds, and five pounds for every one hundred pounds of - the amount of fuch legacy, or refidue ; and after the fame rate for any greater or le{s fum. Upon every legacy arifing out of any perfonal eftate, and upon the refidue of any perfonal eftate, for which a duty of eight pounds per cent. is now payable un- der the faid aét, an additional duty of two pounds. * The old duties on legacies are, by aa Geo. 3. cap, 9%, as follows i—Legacy, {pe~- cific or pecuniary, or of any other defcrips tion, of the amount or valu of twenty pounds or more, and alfo upon the clear refidue of the perfonal eftate of every perfon, whether tef- tate or inteftate, and who fhall leave any per-~ fonal eftate of the clear value of one hundred pounds, after deduéting debts, funeral exe pences, and other charges, and fpecific and pecuniary legacies (if any) where any fuch legacy, or any relidue fhall be given, or thall pafs to a brother or fifter, or any defcendant of a brother or fifter, for every one hundred pounds of the value of any fuch legacy or ree fidue, and fo after the fame rate for any greate er or lefs fum, to be paid on the receipt for fuch legacy or refidue, 21. tos, A brother or filter of a father or mother of the deceafed, or any defcendant of a brother or fifter of a father or mother of the deceafed, for every one hundred poundsof the value, ql. A brother or fitter of a grandfather or grandmother of the deceafed, or any defcend- ant of a brother or fifter of a grandfather or grandmother of the deceafed, for every one hundred pounds of the value, sl. To or forthe benefit of any petfon, in any other degree of collateral Confanguinity to the deceafed than as above defcribed, or any ftranger in blood, for every one hundred pounds of the value, 81. Exemptions ] Legacy, or any refidue which fhall be given or fhall pafs to or for the bene- fit of the hufband or wife of the deceafed, or any of the royal family, Upon 56 Upon every legacy of the value of twenty unds or more, charged upon any real eftate, or monies arifing from the fale of any real eftate, of the clear value in the whole of one hundred pounds, and upon the clear refidue of fuch monies, after de- duéting debts, funetal expences, and other charges and legacies, if any, and which fhall be given for the benefit of any perfon whofe legacy or refidue, if arifing out of perfonal eftate, would be now chargeable with eight pounds per centum, a duty of ten pounds for every hundred pounds of "the value of fuch legacy or monies. The duties granted by this a& fhall not be charged in re!pe& of any legacies fatit- fied out of any real or perfonal eftare, or in refpest of any fhare of any perfonal ef- tate of any perfon dying before April 5, 3805. Nor any legacy or refidue which fhall be given or pals to the hufband or wife of the decealed, or any of the royal family. Every gift by any will or teitamentary infrument of any perfon dying after the gth of April, 1805, which fhall have ef- fe&t, or be fatisfied out of perfonal eftate, now payable only in re(peét of thofe com- ing out of perfonal eftaies, and not in re- fpect of fuch as were charged on real ef tates, or which fhall have been made pay- _ able out of any real eftate, or be directed to be fatisfied out of any monies to arile by the fale of any real eftate, whether by way of annuity, or in any other form, fhall be deemed to he a legacy: provided that no- thing hereio fhall extend. to the charging with the duties any {pecific fum of money, or any fhare thereof charged by any mar- riage fettlement or deed, upon an real ef- tate, in any cafe in which any fuch fpeci- fic fum fhall be appointed by any will or tefamentary infrument, under any power _ by any fuch marriage-fettlement or deed. The duties granted upon legacies charged upon any real eftate thall be paid by the troftees ; or if there fhall be no truftees, then by the perfonentitled to fuch real eftate, fubjeét to fuch legacy, or by the. perfon required to psy any {uch legacy; and the faid duties fhall be retained by the p#fon paying any fuch legacy according to the regulations of 36 Geo. 3. chap. 52. s¢ An A& for allowing a certain Propor- tion of the Militia in Great Britain volun- tarily to enli@ in His Majefty’s Regular Forces and Royal Marines. 45 Geo. iii. cap.31." (Paffed roth April, 1805.) His Majefty may appoint regiments of ¢« perfpicuous.” New Aas of the Britifh Legiflature. Erratum in the Effay in Vindication of Locke (No. 150):—for « confpicuous, ~ fAug. 1; the regular forces and divifions of the mas rines in which militia men may enlilt. But the number of men to be enlifted hall not exceed the number then ferving above the vriginal quota of the county, nor more than one ferjeant and one corporal for every twenty private men. His Majefty may appoint officers to =P prove or reject the men, but none fhall be rejected who are five feet four inches, and under 3§ years of age, and not difabled.. As foon as the number to be enlifted from any regiment is afcertained, they fhall be difcharged, and fhall, if approved, be attefted for general fervicein the regiments they have declared their intention to eniift, and fhall be entitled to the bounty of ten guineas; of which three fhall be paid to fuch man on his approval, and the remain- der as foon as he fhall arrive at the head quarters of the regiment or divifon into which he fhall have enlifted, together with fubfiftence, pay, and cloathing. No perfon in confinement, under fen- tence ot acourt-martial, fhall be entitled to enlift until he fhall have faffered the fen- tence of a court martial; nor any who have been in confinement or fentenced to punifhment within a certain period with- out confent of the commanding officer. No ferjeant or corporal fhall enlift into the artillery as fuch, Alfo, no adjutant’s clerk, or regimen- tal clerk, drummer, or mtfician in the band, or armourer, fhall be entitled to enlilt without the confent of the command- ing officer ; and commanding officers may refufe to di(charge men upon affigning fuf. ficient caufé to the general commanding the difri&, or to the adjutant-general. No perfon hall be drafted trom the re- giment in which he enlifted unlefs firt _ wholly ditcharged from all fervice what- — ever. This a& was paffed to anfwer the re- gular army, by reducing the militia'to its original fiandard, and permitting the fur-— plus firength. thereof to be tranfpofed to the regular forces and royal marines. To in- duce voluntary offers of fervice therein, a bounty of ten guineas is granted to each man, and the foregoing abfira® contains the fubjiance of fuch- claufes as relate tothe privileges and immunities of the men who may enlif? under the authority of the act; the claufes qmmitted relate merely to official regulations. ra hoe Ss “ : % — . | 4 ) 9 O°. VARTETISS, —— 41805.] ¢ 5% ) * ©WVARIETIES, Literary anv, PatrosopHicat, Osi «3 Including Notices of Works in Hand, Domeflic and Foreign. ma ; . re %.* Authentic Communications for this Article will always be thankfully received. ; - WYR: Younc’s Courfe of Le&tures on Natural Philofophy and the Mecha- nical Arts, delivered two years ago in the theatre of the Royal Inftitution, is now printing, with contidérable additions and improvements. ' The work will confift of two volumes quarto; the firft containing the text of the Le&tures, nearly as they were delivered, but with fach alterations as are calculated to make them till more ~ intelligible to the mot uninformed readers. The Lestures are followed by a copious fe- _¥ies of plates, illuftrative of every de- " partment of mechanical and phyfical fci- ence. The! fecond volume contains, in the firft place, the mathematical elements ‘of natural philofophy, deduced from firtt _ ptinciples, and, in many inftances, ex- tended by new invettigations; fecondly, a methodical catalogue of works relating to natura] philofophy and the arts, with _ about ten thoufand references to particu- _ Jar memoirs and paflages, and a number of ufeful tables and of concife abftraés and remarks; and, laftly, a ‘colle&tion of the author's mifcellancous papers, re- printed with fome alterations, principally _ fromthe Philofophical Tranfaétions. The work is expeéted to be completed early in ~ thé next winter. ‘The M. S. of the fourth volume of the _ the Life of General Wasuincton has reached London, and the quarto edition will makeits appearance early in Augutt. Mr. THELWaLtL continues to deliver his Leétures on Elocution and Criticifm, in various places in Yorkfhire and Lan. _ cafhire, with a degree of fuccefs almott _ without example. So much is the tem oo per of the times changed, that his prisci- vty sili are among the Clergy, who _ have every where been forward to bear blic teftimony of his merit. We learn od he intends to repeat them in the me- olis in the enfuing winter. © apt rT. C. Bawxesis preparing for the _ prels, in two volumes, the extingt Peer- > age of England; giving an account of __ all the peers who have been created, and _ whofe titles now are either dormant, in ance, or abfolutely extinst; with heir defcents, marriages, and iffues, pub J ep eyments: and molt memorable » from the Norman conquett to the . t 1803. _~ Mowraty Mac, No, 132, ala x A new volume. of the valuable Tranf- actions of the London Medical Society is announced as ready for publication. A news fociety hasbeen lately inftitutedy under the title of the Medical and Chi- rurgical Society,of London; the’ leading objects of which are to promote a fpirit of harmony among the members of the profeffion.—Dr. SaunpDeRs is the Prefi- dent. Dr, ARNEMAN, of Hamburgh, late Profeffor of Medicine in the Univerfity of Gottingen, and member of mott of the Philofophical and Medical Societies in Europe and America, has undertaken to fuperintend the foreign department of the Mepvicat and PuysicaL JourNaty vacant by the deceafe of the jate Dr. NoEHDEN. The high confideration in which the Mgpicau Journat is held on the Continent, cannot fail to be in- creafed by this arrangement; and it may not be improper to add, for the informa- tion of the correfpondents of this work, that of the unprécedented number of twa thoufand five hundred copies, which aré circulated every month, nearly one. thou- fand copies are fent to the Continent, to the Eatt and Welt Indies, and to North America. The advantages of fo large'a monthly circulation is, in this work} equally felt by readers and by correfponds ents. Mr. Corrtve (the author of Alfred) is engaged in writing an heroic poem on the fubjugation of Wales by Edward I. enti- tled The Fall of Cambria. Mr. Irvin, author of the Lives of the Scoitifh Poets, lately publifhed in two volumes octavo, is now engaged in prepar- ing for the pref$, Memoirs of the Life and Writings of George Buchanan. Mr. Caper Lorrt is printing a Col. Je&tion of Sonnets, which, from the known tafte of the editor, may be expected to be ftrigtly claffical. The Rev. Dr. Ketny, one of the tranflators of the Manks Bible, reétor of Copford, and vicar of Ardleigh, Effex has in the prefs a Triglott Dictionary of the Gaelic Language; as fpoken in Many Scotland, and Ireland: tegether with the Englith. : Mr, Basit MONTAGUE, is engaged on A Treatife on the Law of Bankrupts. H Dr, . Bit] Dr. Mavor is engaged in a tour of ‘Wales, and is colle&ting materials for an Account of its Agriculture, Manners of the People, their Cuftoms, Habits, é&c. &c. A draftfman of tafte and accuracy makes one of his party; and the whole journey will have for its objeét fcience and fcenery, pleafure and information. The principality has been often trod, but itis by no means beaten ; ever affording new fources of remark for ufe and beauty. » Mrs. Tempre, mother of the young Jady whole poetry has fo frequently gra- tified the readers of the Monthly Maga- zine, has finifheda novel, under the title of Ferdinand Fitz-Ormond, which will {peedily make its appearance, in four vo- jumes, Mr. Crocker, an eminent land fur- veyor, of Frome, in Someriethhire, is en- gaged upona Syftematic Treatife on Land Surveying. This important praétical art, faid to have given rife to Geometry, has never been treated in a manner wor- thy of its importance, and the authors who have treated of it have either been defici- ent in mathematical knowledge, or with- out experience in practice. Mr. CROCKER unites both thefe requifites in a fuper- eminent degree, ‘The new edition of Dr. WaTKINs’s Biographical Digtionary, in the improve- ment of which he has been employed nearly two years, is almoft completed, and will be ready for publication in the month of September, It will include upwards of ten thoufand perfons, with the autho- rity annexed to each article. Mr. Younc has commenced the new feries of his Annals of Agriculture, and the firft quarterly number appeared on the firft day of July. In future, a volume of four quarterly Numbers will be completed annually. A fele&tion of all the beft epigrams in the Englith language will {peedily appear, under the title of the Britifh Martial. Mr. BeLog is printing Anecdotes of Literature, from rare books in the Britifh Maufeum and other valuable libraries. Mr. Ropers, author of a Treatife on Voluntary and Fraudulent Convey- ances, is preparing a Treatife on the great Statute of Frauds and Perjuries; in which the influence of that ftatute upon contracts for fales, wills, judgments, and executions, will be the fubject principally confidered. ' Dr.TROTTER, of Newcaftle, is pre- aring for the prefs An Inquiry into the increafing Prevalence, Prevention, and _ Treatment of Difeafes commonly called Nervous, Bilious, Indigeftion, &c. Literary and Philefophical Intelligence. fAug. 3 The Life of the late Mr. Grorce Mor aNnbp is printing, in folio, Mr. Cruise is preparing for the prefe the fifth and fixth volumes of his Digeft of the Laws of England refpeéting real _ Property. ‘ Mr. BiGLaND, author of Letters on Hiftory, has announced a Colleétion of Effays to be publithed by fub{cription. Mr. Lestie has circulated Propofals for publithing by fubfcription a Diction- ary of the fynonymous Words and tech- nical Terms in the Englith Language. Mr. W. Hooxer, a pupil of Mr. Baver, botanic painter to his Majelty, has commenced the publication of a work under the title of Paradifus Londinentis ; containing coloured figures of new and rare plants cultivated in the vicinity of London. ‘ The fecond volume of BELL’s Surgerys containing operations of furgery, may be expeled in a fhort time. Dr. Epwarp: GoopmMan CLARKE, author of Medicine Praxeos Compendium, has in the préis a new work on the Prac= tice of Phytic. Dr. MunKHOuwsE, of Queen’s Col- lege, Oxford, has in the pres three vo- lumes of Sermons. Mr. Louis Jonson has commenced the publication of a work entitled Devo- tional Harmony. The words are felected from various pfalms and hymns in com- mon ufe, and the mufic from the moft eminent compofers. No new tune will be inferted that will not Rand the teft of mufical criticifm. - Mr. SWINBURNE is engaged in a Pic- turefque Tour through Spain; which will be illuftrated with twenty-two plates, and will be finifhed early in 1806. The Complete Grazier ; or Farmer and Cattle Dealer's Affiftant, by a Lincoln- thire Grazier, is printing. In November next will be publifhed, in quarto, the firt volume of Mr. Lysons’s Magna Britannia Illuffrata. Dr. R. Jackson has nearly ready for publication A Syftem of medical Ar- rangement for Armies. ve A new work, under the title of -London Cries, or Pi&tures of Riot and Dittrefs, a Poem, by a gentleman of Lincoln’s Inn, will foon appear. : Mr. Daviv Bootu, of Newburgh, in Fifefhire, has iffued Propofals for pub- lifhing an Analytical Dictionary of the Englith Language. Mr. Jonas, author of An Abridg- , ent of the Excife Laws, intends fhortly — to publith A new and complete Art. of Gauging. oa s 1805.] Mr. Joun Newnann, of the Inner Temple, is preparing a Treatife on Con- tracts, as far as they fall within the jurif- diétion of a court of equity. The fifth volume of the Supplement to Mr. Viner’s Abridgment is preparing for publication. _ Mr. W. D. Evans has in the prefs A Tranflation of Poruier’s Treatife on Obligations; with Illuftrations adapted ‘to the Englith Law. Dr. GriFFITHS, author of a volume of Travels, is engaged on a tranflation of Lenoir’s French Monuments, which ~ will extend to about fix volumes oftavo. Mrs. Jackson, widow of J. Jack- son, Efq. Advocate General of Jamaica, has in the prefs Dialogues on the Doc- trines and Duties of Chriftianity. A Board of Health has lately been efiablithed for the purpofe of preparing and digefting regulations for the molt fpeedy and effectual modes of guarding againft the introduétion and {preading of infe&tion, and for purifying any hip or hhoufe in cafe any contagious diforder fhould manifeft itfelf in any part of the _ United Kingdom. This Board fs to hold its meetings at Somerfet-Place, and it is compofed of Sir Andrew Snape Ham- mond, Sir Lucas Pepys, Dr. Reynolds, Sir Francis Milman, Dr. Hunter, Dr, Heberden, Sir Alexander Monro, and Dr. _ Harnefs. Mr. Nicuotrson and others have been “inveftigating the caufe of the noife in wa- ter ju before it boils, which is ufually called fimmering ; and, from fome experi- ments, it feems to be occafioned by the condenfation of fteam bubbles, in their afcent through the cold fluid above. Mr. StoparT gives the following as 4 good method of gilding upon fteel :— Toa faturated folution of gold in nitro- ____—‘muriatic acid, add about three times the quantity of pure fulphurie ether, and agi- tate them together for a fhort tine. The “ _ gold will foon be taken up by the ether in the form of nitro-muriate of gold, leav- + ing the remaining acid colourlefs at the bottom of the veffel, which muft be drawn off by means of a ftop-cock. ‘The acid ; _ being difcharged, the inftrument to be gilt, having been previoufly well polifhed and wiped clean, is to be dipped for an uitant into the ethereal folution, and on withdrawing it, as inftantly wathed by ; tion in clear water, to get rid of a : portion of acid neceflarily taken up with the metal. If this be neatly done, a fusface of the fteel will be complete- ty and very beautifully covered with gold, Ff he ‘a Literary and Philofophical Intelligence. 59 The travels undertaken by Meffrs. ALEXANDER VON HuMmBoLprT and AiME BonPLanp, into the interior of America excite general intereft. In fact, there are few countries fo worthy of the attention and inveftigation of enlightened men, and few travellers have combined with the fpirit of obfervation, and the nu. merous attainments and talents poffeffed by Meflts. von HumBoutpT and Bon- PLAND, fuch ardour for the improvement of the fciences, fuch courage and fuccefs in the execution: of the plan they had formed. Meffrs, LevraunttT, SCHOLL, and Co. have publifhed a ProfpeGtus. of the Travels of thefe gentlemen, the pub- lication of which has been committed to them by the authors. Travellers, fay they, have, in general, introduced ali their obferyations into the body of their works. M. von HumsouptT has, however, thought proper to, follow a contrary me- thod, and to treat feparately of obje&s whieh are of a different nature. .He is, therefore, determined firft to give to the public detached collections containing whatever relates more particularly to aftro- nomy, geology, botany, zoology, &c. be- fore he publifhes what may properly be denominated his Travels, which will em- brace every thing connected with general phyfics, the origin of nations, their man- ners, their civilization, profperity, anti- quities, commerce, and political econcmy. Of this portion of his eblfervations, and the Hiltory of his Travels, he will at pre. fent publith only an abridged account, en- titled Abridged Relation of ‘Travels be- tween the Tropics, performed in the Ine. terior of the new Continent, in the Years 1799, 1800, 180%, 1802, and 1803. Mefirs) HumBotptT and BonpLanp, continue the publifhers, being united by the ties of the moft intimate friendfhip, having fhared all the fatigues and all the dangers of this expedition, have agreed that all their publications fhall bear their names conjointly. The preface of each work will announce to which of the two each diftinét part belongs, This arrange- ment will accelerate the enjoyment of the public, and will facilitate to a greater number the means ef acquiring what will demand a lefSadvance at atime. Befides, it is not agreeabke to be interrupted in the midf& of a narrative, fometifmes byt the details of an aftronomical obfervation, and at others by the de(cription of a plant or an unknown animal. He will publith, at the fame time, his aftronomicaf obfer- vatione, and the tables of his barometri- cal and geodefical meafures, under the title of Colleétion of aftronomical Obfer- 2 yatieas ha vations, and Meafures executed in the New Continent; and, asin his Voyage, he confines himfelf in mentioning an alti- tude tothe ftatement of it, without faying whether it was found by the barometer or whether it was founded on geodefical meafures. M, HumBoLpr then colle&s into a feparate work all the phenomena -prefented by the atmofphere and the foil of the equino&tial regions. This work, the.refult of all the inveftigations under- taken by our philofopher during his five years travels in both hemifpheres, is en- titled, Eflay on the Geography of Plants, or phyfical Piéture of the equinoétial Regions, founded on the Obfervations and Meafures taken between the Latitude of 10° South and to° North, in 1799, 1800, 1801, 1802, and 1803. A large plate reprefents a {e&tion palling over the fuinmit of Chimborazo, carricd from the coalts of the South Sea to the fhores of Brafil.. It indicates the progveffive vege- tation from the interior of the foil which contains clyptogamous plants, tothe per- pe:ual fnows which are the limits of all vegetation. Among thefe is dittinguithed the veg-tation of palm‘trees, &c. that of fern-trees, quinguina, and gramineous plants. The name of each plant is writ- ten at the height at which it is found, according to the meafures determined by M.von Humsotpr. Fourteen {cales, placed on each fide of the table, relate to the chemical compofition of the air, of its temperature, of its bygrofcopical and cyanometiical late, of the electrical phe- nomena, of the horizontal vefraétion, of the decreale of gravitation, of the culture of thefoii, of the height at which the different kinds of tropical, animals live, &e. It.is, without doubt, the mott ge- néral phyfical table, of any portion of the globe, ever attempted. . The fame bovok- fellers ave. likewile, printing two other woiks, wh.ch belong to de(criptive natu. ral hiftory; one on botany and the other on zoology. The herbary which thefe travellers brought from Mexico, the Cor- dilleras of the Andes, the Oronekay Rio Neégio, and the river of, Amazons, «is one of the richeft in exotic plants, that-was ever conveyed to Europe, Having, long refided in countries which no botanift,had ever viliteii before them, it is evaly to con- ceive bow many new genera, and {pecies there mult be among the 6300 kinds which they colle€ted under the tropics 6f the mew continent. Were they.to publihh at once the fyieratic defcription of all thefe vegetables, they would employ fye- ral years in alcertaining what is really. 60 Literary and Philofophical Intelligences _ latter will be accompanied witha fatifti~ + : [Auge new, or they would run the rifk of pub~ lithing, under new names, plants already» known, It therefore appeared preferable, to give, without any regular order, the, defigns of the new genera and» {pecies, which they have been able fufficiently tar determine, and to publifh at a:fubfequent. pericd, a work without plates; which . contain the diagnofes of all the fpeciess fyftematically arranged. It. ig with this view that they publith the Equinoétial Plants collegted in Mexico, the Valand of Cuba, the Provinces of Caraccas, Cumas , na, and Barcelona, in the Andes of New Grenada, Quito and, Peru, on the Banks. of Rio Negro, the Oronoko, and the Ri- ver of Amazons. Meffrs. HuMBOLDT. and BonpLanD have been equally fortu- nate in making interefting difcoveries in, zoology and comparatiye anatomy. They have colleéted, in great numbers, defcrips., tions of animals\bitherto unknown ; mon- kies, birds, fifh, amphibious animals 5 for _ example, the axalotl of the lakes of Mex-. ico, a problematical animal of a nature’ fimilar to the cameleon. M. von Hum- BOLDT has made drawings of numerous)” objects of comparative anatomy, relative to the crocodile, the fea-cow, the floth, the lama, and the larynx of monkies and, ~ birds. He has brought over a collection , of fkulls of Indians, Mexicans, Peruvi-» ans, and natives of the banks of the Oro~ + noko; and thefe drawings are not lefsin-, terefling, for the hiltory of the different . races of our fpecies than for anatomy. Thefe materials, among which will be. found a-notice on the foffile elephants” . teeth found at the elevation of 2600 yards. above the fea, will appear in numbers, , - under the title of Colleétion of Obferva- . tions in, Zoology and comparative, Anay tomy, made during Travels between the « Tropics.» While thefe various works are, in the. courfe of :publication, M. VON HuMBOLD?# will complete the engraving , of the Geological Atlas of. the Cordille- ras of the Andes and of Mexico, con-. taining profiles founded on \meafured - heights; of the Eflay on. geological Pafi..| 4 graphy, or on the manner of reprefenting | ~ the phenomena of the ftratification,of, the), rocks, by perfeétly fimple figns and, ofy the Geographical Atlas, which will cons» tain a map of the river la. Madelaines in four plates; others of the Ororoko, ; Rio * Negro and .Caffiquiare, and, the, geoeraly map ef) the: kingdom of New Spain: sche; cal account. of thecountry. AH thefe — maps were drawn by M. von) Hum= — BOLT himfelt, from his ,own aftronomi~ + cal } ve as ¥ ; Bs a . Eig e tae acquainted. erage engraved .with great care. 9 + VON HumBotpr publithes thefe & 1805.) Tei tegrriionsy: and a great’ number of ler materials which he colleéted. ill, at the fame time, put the finifh- hand, to the fir volume of his Tra- eTo the fubjests already mentioned particularly treated of in that thould be added, obfervations on the: climate rélative to organifation in ge- 3 confiderations onthe ancient ftate 0 retiacion of thefe regions, and de-' eerie: on the management and pro- ee of the mines. - A folio volume of wgravings will exhibit feveral vjews of! Gordilleras; and valuable defigns of Se tmieinisitics of Mexicoand Peru, fach as theelegant arabefques which cover the _-Puins of the ancient palace, feveral enor- _ mous pyramids conftructed of brick, fta- tues, and chronological. monuments, which) have a very, ttriking analogy to antiquities of Indofan with which Several of thefe plates rent works at the dame time in Ger- an aod French, bath. editions may be nfidered as originals. | The Equinattial s, hy M. Bonpvanp, will appear French ; a great partvof the text imLatin, it will therefore be under- t pthe literati of alj Europe. The wing is a lift of their works which’are in the courfe of publication or fhortly ve from the prefs :— Abridged Nar- vavels between the Tropics, in the Interior of the New Con.. te during the Years: 1799, 1300, 802, and 1%03, quarto, which ppear in themonth of July. Col) of aftronomical Obdfervations and fuves executed i in the New Contivent 5’ ‘fige and paper, to appear in the of the prefent year. | Effay on the: a Senet Plants 5 or Physical Piure quinoéctial, Regions, founded on i ns and Meafures taken between de of 18° South, and 102 1799, 1800, 1805, 1802, and quarto, with one plate, Equinoc- "lant: collected in Mexico, the Hland » the Provinces\ of ‘Caraccas, Cu- , and Barcelona, in. the Antes of wenada, Quito, and Peru, on the of the Rio-Negro, Oroncko, and oft the Amazons, ‘with plates, | Collection “of Obfervaticns in! andicomparalive Anatomy, made ‘travels between the Tropics; with ‘plates. All thefe works ely will bear the general title of | ls of Meflis, oe ek ale VON oe j 6 “ 28: Bis Literary and Philofophical Intelligence. Gi Humsotpr and Aime Bowrranps They. willall be printed uniforlmy, excepts ing the Equinoétial Plants, for which a Jarger fize was required on account of the figures. A Tranflation of thefe imports ant’ Travels is announced in London, 4 Mr. Paruurps, of Bridge-freet. M. De Srratimirovus, Greek Arch= bithop and Metrepoliran of Carlowitz, in Hungary, has cavfed DroNeustapTer’s Infruétions concerning Vacgination to be tranflated into the Illyrian and. Wallachiaw languages. This. work, compofed tor the ufe of the lower claffes, has been pra~ tuitouily diftributed, yto the!amount of 25000 copies, among the inhabitants of thofe and the neighbouring provinces. The well-known German Journal, ena titled. Aligemzine 'Deutfche Bibliothek, which has been carried on’ fayty years, and during great part of that time pof= felled of confiderable influence, will ceafe- with the prefent year; the editor, M. Nie Covat, being obliged, by his great age, to refign the unde taking. Avwork of confiderable magnitude, on the Northern Mytholegy, has been an- nounced at Leiplick. “The author is Pro- feflor’GRatTer, and M: Géescuen has undertaken to execute it with the utmok typographical luxury. Ttwill appear at the fame time in German and French, in thirty parts, of a {mall folio fize. A Catalogue of the Medical and Phyfi- cal Library of the late- Profcffor. Bau= DINGER, of Marpurg, has been publith. ed. He was, perhaps, the moft curious’ man in) Germany with refpect: to every” thine, conne&ted with the medical ftience. His library comprehends 16,000 volumes,’ exclufive of detached differtations, trea-' tifes, or memoirs. The number of edi- tions which he poffeffed of the Aphorifms. of Hippocrates alone, exceeded one hun- dred; but the mott remarkable circumis ftance conneéted: with his library is, that: it is not deflitute of any nec¢ffary or ef fential wo:k, The proprietor was fifty years . in colleGting it, and his heirs with’ to difpofe of it, if poflible, entire. M: Proust, Profeflor of chemiftry at Madrid, announces that’ he has difcever-" ed in Spain the éarth of which floating bricks are made. He imagines that itis? almoit! of the fame nature’as that em-* ployed for the fame purpofe’by FaBrony.’ He intends fpeed ily to publifh the’ refult® of ‘his experiments on this fa bjeék. M. ReicHakpd) coviilelior in the fer- vice of the late Duke of Saxe Gotha, has refolved to eveét a monuinent of his gra-\ titude* 62 . titude to that prince, not in a public place in fome town in his dominions, but on the fummit of the Rigi, one of the bighelt and moft frequented mountains of Switzerland. The fimple ftone which wiil form this monument, and which will be fixed to one of the blocks of granite of the mountain, has been prepared at Zug. It bears the following infcription in Ger- man :—‘' To the pious memory of Er- west If. Dike of Saxe-Gotha, illuftri- ous for his birth and his talents, and ftill greater for his noble and liberal fenti- ments, this monument is confecrated in the face of the Alpsand of the free peo- ‘ple whom he loved and efteemed.” It was M.Fuss£ui, the painter, of Zurich, who chofe the piéturefque fituation in which this infcription will be placed, and obtained permiffion for that purpofe from the competent authorities, He intends feon to publifh a Pidturefque Tour of the Rigi. M. DE LA DrovetTTeE, Prefect of the Upper Alps, has addreffed to the Infti- tute a Memoir on the Difcovery of the an- cient City of Mons Seleucus, which ap- pears to have been overwhelmed and de- ftroyed by an extraordinary inundation. The refearches hitherto made have difco- wered an edifice 598 feet in length, and 340 in breadth, a furnace, a femi-cireular bafin, ftoves, brick cellars, covered with feveral ftrata of very fine cement, canals and aqueduéts lined throughout their whole length; apartments for the direc- tors of the manufactory, lodgings for the workmen, gardens, &c. In front, the firgets terminate in 4n extenfive place, and in the avenue of the principal edifice ; that ~ above-mentioned was furrounded by a great number of houfes. The labourers have likewife found many articles in bronze, fragments of ftatues of alabafter, bafs-reliefs in marble, a great quantity of fragments of mofaic-work, befides a valt number of veflels of glafs and earth, which afford a high idea of the art of pottery in ancient times; numerous Cel- tic and Roman medals of filver and bronze ; and, lafily, fome infcriptions in better or worfe prefervation. In America a very fimple and ingeni- ous borer is in general ule; it confifts of the common center bit of the carpenters, followed by a wide flat fcrew, hammered up from a plate of iron or fteel; and it pofleffes the property of clearing away the cutting without requiring to be drawn ont, asis the cafe with the auger, the gimblet, &c. For the cuttings are partly by their weight, and partly by friction Literary and Philofophical Intelligence. [Aug. al againft the internal cylindrical furface,” prevented from revolving along with the fcrew. The confequence is, that they are prefled againft its thread, and flide along it towards the handle. motion or thifting of the thread is quicker’ than the motion of boring, by which the whole tool is carried inwards, the cuttings And as this . mutt come out with a velocity nearly equal’ to the difference of thefe two motions. The mountain Ortlefs, fituated be- tween the vallies of Sulden and Drofny, has been afcended by M. GEBHARD, by whofe barometer its height is found to be 14,406 Paris feet above the level of the Mediterranean, which is higher than any mountain on the old continent, except Mont-Blanc; this, according to Sau: fure, is 14,556 feet. W. WERNER is enabled to diffolve wax in water by the following procefs :— For every pound of white wax hg takes twenty-four ounces of -potafh diffolved in a gallonof warm water. In this he boils the wax, cutin fmall pieces, for half an hour, and at the end of this time he takes it from the fire, and fuffers it te cool. The wax floats on the furtace, in the form of white foap; triturated with water, it yields what is commonly called silk of wax, aud may be applied to furniture, pictures, &c, An hour after the applica- tion the coated parts are to be covered with a piece of woollen cloth, which will give a great brilliancy to paintings, and a fine polith to furniture. It is faid that M. ScHROETER hag afcertained the exiflence of anatmofphere — to the moon, by fome new obfervations on the twilight round this fecondary planet, which extends from 2° 38’ to 3° 6’, atmofphere of the moon is 28.94 times lefs denfe than the terreftrial atmofphere, A. F, SKJELDEBRAND, a colonel in the fervice of the King of Sweden, has publithed, at Stockholm, a work enti- tled Voyage Pittorefque au Cap Nord. The work is in four volumes, and con- tains a number of views, with defcrip=. tions of the appearance of the country. — This author was the travelling compa- nion of Acerbi, who, fome years ey publifhed an account of his travels through Sweden, Lapland, &c. The In their narra-- 3 tives they have purfued different traéts 3. the one having written as a_philofophie obferver of men and nature, the other as a painter and lover of the finearts. ‘ Junius KLarroTH, fon to the cele- brated chemift, in confequence of hig great fkill in Oriental literature, is ap~- pointed, by the Peterfburg Academy of : Sciences, 1805.] Sciences, to attend the Embafly of Count *Golowkin, which is about to be fent from Rouffia to China. The embaffy will con- ~ fit of 3000 perfons, and it is hoped that very confiderable acceffions of Knowledge, in refpett to the Chinefe empire, will be _ derived from it. ; _. The new edition of OsTERWALD’s Geography has, by French influence, _ been prohibited in Switzerland! Dr. F. Munter has publithed, at Co- penhagen, in two volumes, a very com- | plete Hiftcry of the Reformation. A Colle&tion of Letters, which pafled between Leipnitz and feveral of his _ correfpondents, and which had not hither- to been given to the world, has lately been publithed at Hanover. __- By an Imperial Ukafe in the Court Gazette of Peterfburg, the rights of citi- zens have been given to the Jews through- out the whole extent of the Ruffian do- minions. Thechildren of the Jews will, henceforth, be admitted, like the other Raffian fubjeéts, into the {chools, col- _ leges, and univerfities. The Hebrews ~ will bedivided into four claffes; viz. of farmers 5 artificers and workmen; mer- chants; and citizens. The farmers will be free, and, as well as the artificers, may purchafe lands ; and thofe who with __‘t engage in agriculture, and have no for- _ tane, are to have acertain portion of the oe." lands. Thofe who will eftablith _ manufattories are to enjoy, in their com- merce, all the franchifes of Ruffian fub- | jects. Profeffor KizgsewetTeER has made a _ variety of obfervations on the Deaf and _ Dumb, at Berlin; and he has difcovered, & » whentaught to fpeak, they have a great tendency to {peak in rhyme! _ M. Provsr fays, that the fulphate of - Sopper and the nitrate, with a minimum of acid, verdigris, the native and artifi- ia] muriates, cendre blue,'the carbonate, a ia yield to potafh both their acids eS ydrites. Potath, tinged with hy- en being mixed with water, and all the wxydo-alkaline folutions fellow the fame Slaked lime, fhaken in a bottle ith carbonate of copper and water, pro- is; after which, as lime deprives pot- f its carbonic acid entirely, and pot- his one of the ftrongelt atrraftors of is known, it is impoffible that it fhould have the fame power over an oxyde, hte! — Literary and Philofophical Intelligence a fine cendre blue in about twelve 68 f al and that oxyde poffeffed of the weakeft attraction of any. M. DoBerIMeER propofes the follow- ing method to make white lead. Diflolve litharge in weak nitric acid, and precipi- tate this folution with prepared chalk. The precipitate wafhed and dried affords a cerufe of the whitene(s of fnow. In America, Mr. RicHarp Snowe DEN is about to publifh a Hiftory of that Continent, from the difcovery by Colum- bus to the prefent period, in two volumes. Mrs. WaRREN is engaged in a Hiftory’ of the Rife, Progrefs, and Termination of the revolutionary War between Great Britain ‘and the United States of America; interfperfed with biographical, political, and moral obfervations. Dr. Miter, of New York, intends te publihh Le&tures on Theology, by Cuarres NispettT, D.D. late Preii- dent of Dickenfon Coliege, in Carlile, Pennfylvania ; to which he intends to pre- fix an account of the life and character of the author. M. BercMann, a Livonian clergy- man, advantageoufly known by the ac- count of his travels, and his'refidence for feveral years among the Caimucks, in- tended to fet off on a new tour among the nations inhabiting Upper Afia, of whom very little is at prefent known, We have the greater reafon to expeét the moft fatisfactory refults from this new enterprife, as M. BERGMANN is com- plete mafter of the languages of molt of the nations he intends to vifit. M. ve Rtes, Adjutant-General of the King of Denmark, has invented a new in- ftrument called Topognomon, by means of whick you may difcover the Eaft in the darkeft night, and point out a place where there is a light, though you cannot perceive it. This invention is capable of being of the greateft importance in wary and particularly in fieges. ‘Ihe fame offi cer has likewife invented an inftrument, by means of which, in a given place and in profound darknefs, you may afcertain the moment when a veflel fails from port. M. Orca, formerly vicar of the cathe- dral of Wurzburg, has fubmitted to the eletoral committee at Miinich a‘new in- vention, by means.of which all kinds of. mills may be fet in motion: without the aid of water, He tias offered to execute one of chefe machines, on condition that an exclufive privilege, for twenty years, thould be granted to him, NEW —_.- rig NEW PUBLICATIONS IN “sonar, a 34 ge As the List of New Publicalions, ontained tm the. Mons aesioper is 2 pi ONLY COMPLETE LIST PUBLISHED, and confequently the only. one: ‘ that can be ufeful to the Public. for purpofes of pene ‘al reference ; it is o ate “phat Authors and Publishers ewill continue to communicate Noticks of their Works nr pans and they will always be faithfully inferted FREE of | EX PENCE? ( “AGRICULTURE, & TREATISE on Pra@tical and Experimen- tal Agriculture; by J. Carpenter; 2 we Sve. th 1s. boards. ANTIQUITIES. ‘The Architeétural Antiquities of Great Britain, difplayed im a Series of Sele& Ene gravings, reprefenting the moft beautiful, curious, and interefting Ancient Edifices of this Country, with an Hiftorical and Defcrip-: tive Account of each Subject; by John Britton ; Part I. gto. 10. 6d. 1. p, 16s, 6d. COMMERCE, A Concife Hiftory of Britihh Commerce with the Continent of Europe, and with all Parts of the World; by Dr. Reinhard, of Gottingen; with NoteS and confiderable Additions ; by J. Savage ; 8vo. 15. 64. . DIVINITY. _ The Unity of the Chrittian Body, ftated in a Sermon preached at Lambeth at the Confecration of the Bee: of Norwich; by Richard Proffer D. D. ; “The whele Works ‘af “Bithop Hall, ar- ranged and’ corrected, with a new Life of the brit, and a copious Index; by Jofiah’ Pratt, M.A. FLAS. volv i Svo. 128. . _ Daniel, in the Verfion of Theodotion and the Seventy, with yarious Readings of MSS, Editions, Fathers, and Verfions ; by Robert Holmes, D.D. 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(Higden and Lym, Curriers’ hall Brooks Marky Shepperton, corn apd coal merchant. (Jen- kins, James, aud Co . Benion William, Twickenham, maltfer, (Blake and White, Effex ftreet y i ‘ Bexon William, Gofport, draper. (Fither, Furnivals inn Boyd Thomas, Buckingham ftreet, wipe merchants (Dawifon, Warwick treet Brett William, Rotherhirhe, plumber. (Doye and May- hew, Temple i Chandier Richard, Gloucefter, tobacconift. Moule, Chancery jane : Collard Joha, jun. Canterbury, hop dealer. (Wright and Pickering, Pemple 4 At Cox Benjamin, Stourbridge, timber merchant, (Williams, Curftor treet Carter John, Grimftone, Norfolk, grocer. (Lynn and Col- lyer, Bedford row lou Crane John, Whaplode, Lincoln, (Lainbert, Hatton parden , Canving Jonn, Birmingham, plater dealer, (John Wilfon Curzon Charles, Portfea, fhupkeeper. (Nuid, Prefcot (treet Edwards Thomas, Wribbenhall, Worcefter, fhepkeeper, (Clarke and vardoe, Kewdley Garbett James. Liverpool, builder, dec. (Macdougall and Hunter, Lincoln's inn Gardner Wiliam, Luion, fack manufacturer. (Jackfon, Fenchurch buildings pee Barnett, Painfvick, clothier, (James, Gray's inn uare : i Beury Jenner-Humphries, and Willtam Humphries, drug- “gifts. (Smith ane | ilfon, Chaptey houte Houbdell Richard, Chaudus ftreet, liquor merchant. (Tay- lor, Beaufort buildings A Hancack Henry, and john- Bernard Hoffmeyer, Newcattie- upon-Tyne, mercnants. (Clayton and Scott, Lincoln's lou Hewitt John, Birmingham, druggift. (Sudlow and Rich. ardion, Monument yard Houtewl Johu-Bernard, steeathamy, corn and ccal mer- chant, (Martelli, Norfoik ftreet Harriton Joln-Robert-Rigg, Manchefter, manufacturers, (Foulkes and Longdill, Gray's inn Harrifon George, Chobe ttveet, carpenter. (Thomas Wild Lincoin Richard, Yoxtord, brandy merchant, (Flaihmany, Ely piace 5 nie Northampton, woolcornber. (Tarrant and draper and grocer. Alphabetical Lift of Bankruptcies and Dividends. (Aag. 15 Murhard, Bibliotheca ~Mathematica, 4 tomi. Lipfiz, 1797-1804. 11 8s. ; Biifch, Prakcifcher Hemburgifcher Briefs fteller fiir Kaufleate. 2 Theile. Hamburg. 1804. 6s. Campe’s neve Reifebefchreibungen fiir die Jugend. 6 Theile. Braunfchweig. 1804. ul, 108. ; Klopfftock’s Werke, 7ter und 8ter Band. Leipzig. 1804. 125. Lafontaine’s Barneck und Saldore. 2 Bande, Berlin. 1804. 11. 1s. Bibliothek der Grazien, 3 Theile. Pirna. 18s. Schiller’s Wilhelm Tell, Schaufpiel. Tii- bingen. 1804. 7s. 6d. Gcoéthe’s Die Natiirliche Tochter. Tiibins gen. 1804, 9s. Lowden William, Ridinghoufe lane, farrier. and Hammond Markham John, jun. Napton-upon-the-Hill, fhopkeepery (Smart and Thomas, Staple’s inn Milburn William, and John Mills Copeman, Bow Church yard, warehoufemen and merchants, (Courteen, Can- non ftrect Mierre John-David-Albert-de, aod James Crosbie, Broad firect Chambers, me chants. (Berry, Walbrook Noel Thomas-Huniden, North ftreet, Brighthelmftone, linen draper. (Shepherd, WKartlett’s builcings , i” Orbell William, Felfham, fhopkceper. (Giles, Shire Jane (Edmunds Read Thomas, Whitcornce ftreet, jeweller, (John Pulien, Fore fireet - Rodwell Thomas, Piccadilly, bootmaker. (Derbys James flreet ae Smith James, Sudbury Green, falefnan Scott Jofeph, juue Wakefield, Yorkshire, grocer. (Roffer — and Son, Kirby ftreet, Hatton gardén Mi " Smethurft James, Mangnall, Goltun, dimity and quilting manufacturers. (Ellis, Curfitor itreet 4 Smith James, and Jeremiah-sSmith Myten, potters. (Lowndes and Lanibert. Red Lion fquare , Thurfton Jeremiah, Norwich, merchast-tailor. (Richard Gelidard Tilyard George, Walton-upon-Thames, pluinber. «(Samuel Agland Townfeud Edmund, Maiden jane, wine and cyder mers — chant. (Willams and Serwood, Auftin friars ‘ j Thomas Henry-smith, and John Latcelles,’ Mill lanes | coopers and partners, (Gatty and #addon, Angel | court h aiayer John, jun, Framlingham, miller. (Bromley and Bell * iZ Urquhart William, Ratcliff highway, cooper. (Jones and Greetiy Salisbury tyuare Vag vil Wayne John, Braffingtun, Lerbyfhive, butcher. | (Kin. derfley, Long, and Ince, Symond’s inn ' Witts Eaward, Lower road, victualler, (Wright, Sher burn Jane 5 4 ‘ ; Williams John, Llanlidan, dealer in cattle. (Stratto shoredirch ° Wild Jofeph, Royton, dealer, chefter ig Watfon Jonathan, Manchefter, cotton fpinner, Milne and — Parry, Old Jewry a y p (Kay and Rehfhard, Man=— DIVIDENDS ANNOUNCED, \ ~ Atkinfon Henry, Howarth, fhopkeeper, Augult & -) Arn ein Abraham-Marcus, London ftreety linen drapery October 19 Li ry Antell George, Whitecrofs alley, watchmaker, Augut 1g Arniftead Richard Henry, Sradford, grocery Augult 5 | Bickneil samuel, fen, and Samuel Bicknell, jun. Mazi Pond, fuep boilers, July 27 = = ale Baxter Jobn, darwich, linen draper, July 23 Bennett fuhn-Wotton, £xeter, dyer, July 29 Benn ES praia nema eh Hounalditch, hatter, Auguit 149 na : ayy Peete Old Gravel lane, currier, Auguft 135 na 5! Briflow Francis, Haymarket, bootmaker, Augult 14 siericl 805.) ley Thomas, Cornhill, merchant. Auguft 17 ging William, Holt, grocer, Auguft 9 ‘ ker William, Strand, linen dealer, Augut 13 dley Henry, Birmingham, merchant, Augult 20 urd Thomas, Sutton, papermaker, July 20 ‘er Thomas, Jun. Waltham Crofs, corn chandler, July 23, finai Craik William-Chazles, _ber 2 - thadwick John, Elland, innholder, July 29, final | Golls Robert, Woodford. curn dealer, July 30 | Gory George, Yarmouth, uphulder, Auguét 3, final ~ Collins James, Rivington, Marries Auguft 10, final Ch Jobn, Pancras lane, tailor, Augult 15 © y Day Benjamin, Bihop Stortford, July 23, final y Wiliam, Cheapfide, mercer, July-27 Wavies Davies. Chefter, cheefemonger, July 25 De Beaune avid, Winchefter treet, infurance broker, \ Auguf to Bpyiios Andrew, Chefter, wine merchant. Augult § ~~ Dwyer James, Grittol, hatter, Auguit 13, final | Davies Edward, Ivy lane, turrier, Augult 13 ‘Eagleton Edward, Cheapfide, grocer, -ugult 6 - Fi ld William, Streatham. victualier, Angult 13 Fozard james, fen. Letitia Fozard, and James Fozard, jun. Park lane, ftable keepers, September 2, final rbes John, and Pavicl Gregory, Aldermanbury, mer- chants, November 8, final er George, Red Lion ftreet, merchant, Auguit 13 ffun Thomas, Bihopfgate freet, pewterer, Augutt 3 ‘Orees George, Copthall court, merchant, Auguil 23 ulcher Henry, Shoe Jane, victualler, Auguft 19, final iarland Matthew, Grove ftreet, victualier, Auguat 10 nodyear William, Shepherd treet, brickiayer, July 27 Goois George, CawSton. maitfer, Suguit g, final Harris Joteph, Keyntham, tanner, July 25 ris Timothy, iaul’s court, hofier, July 23, final nan Jofeph, Mancheter, merchants, July 25 hfon Thomas, Spilsby, thopkeeper, Augult 16. final i Stephen, sithopfgate ftreet, oil and colourmany Kenfington, brewer, Noyem- poy 27 cock Robert, Wells, merchant, Augufts3 Henry, Birchin lane, oilman, November 4 nfton Robert, James Johuiton, and William Johnfton, Svithin’s lane, merchants, Augult 6 Albert, Duke ftreet, Strand, merchant. Auguft 13 aaa? and James Holden, Halifax, dyers, Auguft va | John. Crop lane, factor, Augult 13 aw James, and William Kerfhaw, Halifax, mer- ants, Auguit 7 _ John, Liverpool, cabinet maker, Auguft 10, ce Richard, Windfur, bricklayer, July 27 Hugh. “Middle Temple Jane, money fcriyener, No- r2 abe i. Suuth Shields, druggi*, Auguit 3 Hathan, Whitby, fhip cuilder, Auguft 9 enry, Ramfeate, deaier, November > George, aud Thomas Turnbully Budge row, erchants, July 27 ills John. Brook green, linen draper, Augutt 14, final C aa , sue Geores Fratt, Leek, filk manufattu- t oS) > : fers William, fen. and William Matters, jun. iGrecn= _ Wich, difiliers, Auguit 8 ae ez BRITISH EMPIRE. the twenty-fixth, Mr. Whit- ad, attended by Mr. Fox, Mr. -Lerd Temple, Lord Henry Petty, Archibald Hamilton, Mr. Wind- Mr. Wilberforce, and about ninety members of the Houfe of Commons, red to the Houfe of Peers witha se, which Mr. Whitbread delivered lowing words :— ‘* My Lords, +The Commons of the | Kingdom of Great Britain and Ire- arliament affembled, have command- to impeach Henry Lord Vifcount Mel- e, of high crimes and mifdemeanours 5 di do here, in their names, and in the ames of the Commons of the United King- f Great Britain and Ireland, impeach he faid Henry Lord Vifcount Melville of high crimes and mifdemeanours, 1 am far. ~ State of Public Affairs in Faly, 1805. 6? William, Prefton, woollen drapery Anegult $s Mayor Auguk 195 Mircchell Thomas, Hatton court, merchant, final Mofes Samuel, Brighthe/mftone, linen drapery Avgut6 Moffatt David, Fleer market, grocer, Augutt 13, final Mundell Edward, scarborough, core dealer, Auguit 2 Martrafs John, St. John's Chapel, Durham, Augult i$ Morris “jiliam, Coventry, draper, 4 ugult 17 Naim John, Walcott, cual merchant, July 29 Newman Paul. Melktham, clothier, Augut 6 Oddy Jofhua-Jepfun, and John Oddy, St. Mary Axe, Mer- chants, July 27 Oakes John, Union ftreet, coal merchant, July 30 Payvie William, Ipfwich, coach maker, July 13 Parrott William-Jackfon, Leighton Buzzard, chant, Augult 14 Page John, Thavies inn, warehoufeman, Auguft 149 final Phillips John, Rofs, innholder, Augutt 1, final Preedy James, Chipping Norton, currier, Auguft 10 Payne Thomas, Athford, grocer, Auguit 14 Plowes John, i-eeds, merchant, Augutt 10 f Rodd Thomas, Ge,ard ftreet, jeweller, July 27, final Roberts Charles, Tower ftreet, vidtualler, July 27 Ranfon Lebbeus,’ Cannon Cofvee-houfe, tavern keepers Augutt 3, final _ Richardfon John-Pocklington, theep jubber, Auguft 5 Rowland Northy, aid Veter Rowland, Great Coggemhall, blanket makers, Auguit5 | Roberts Thomas, Helfton, grocer, Augu 10 Spencer William. Saffron hill, victualler, July 27, final Stoney aes and John Smith, Leeds, grocers, July 225 fina : Smith Thomas. Grove ftreet. viétualler, Jrly 27 : Stork John, Thoinas Whitby, and Matthew Botterilly Driffield, merchants, Augult 14 Simms John, Sheepy-Farva. miller, Augut 22, final j Sandback Wiliam, Norwich, shopkeeper, Augutt 7% wine mere final i Sharples Robert, Anderton, ‘shopkeeper, Auguk 135 final J Smith John, and Robert Smithies, Poole, paper makers, Augult 19 Spraggon Jofeph, and William Spraggon, Gravefend, Augutt 1 Taylor Johi, Chatham, Wine*merchant, January 16 Turner John, Manchefter, dealer, Auguft 5 Tabrum Robert, Shopland, dealer, Augutt 28 Thurgood Thomas, Welwyn, fhopkeeper. Augutt 28 ‘Taylor John, Maiden lane, weaver. Augut 13 Vowell John, jun. Watling ftreet, ftationers july 27% final Wright Dennis, Sealingham, miller, Auguit 12 Wilde James, John Wetts, and Jolin Boddy, treet, wholefale grocers, July 27, final Wray Hilton, Birchin late, drugett, July 27 Winter Jofeph, Combe St. Iichuias, leather dreffer, July 27, anal Wain James, and Thomas Aggs, Eafinghall ftrect, clo~ thiers, July 30 Whittaker William, Manchefter, dealer, July 31 Weaver William, Row lane, warehonfeman, Augnt 28 Wanklin James, Knighton, mercer, July 29, final Whittle Richard, Tarieton, fhop%eeper, Augu® 2 Wanklin James, Kuighton, mercer, Augult 12, final Thames STATE or PUBLIC AFFAIRS, z In Fuly, 1805. i ther commanded to acquaint this Houfe, that the Houfe of Commons, will, in due time, exhibit particular articles againft him, and make good the fame.” Upon their return to the Commons, the following gentlemen were appointed to pres pare articles of impeachment againt Lord Melville. Mr. Whitbread Mr. Fox Mr. Helland Mr. Grey Mr. Serjeant Belt Mr. Sheridan Lord H. Petty Lord Maifham Mr. Giles Lord Folkftone Mr. Raine Dr. Liwrence Mr, Creevy Lard Temple Mr. Calcraft My. Kinnaird Lord Porchefter Lord A. Hamilton Mr. C. W. Wynne Mr. Jekyll Mr, Moris la Te 68 To this committee were veferred the tenth report of the commiffioners of naval enquiry, and the report allo of the felect committee. Ona fublequent day a bill was brought in, to indemnity Mr. Trot- ter for all concerns, and to relieve him from all penalties, with regard to the tranfaétions fpecified in the tenth report of the board of naval equiry, and there- by to enable him to give an unreftrained evidence in the cafe of Lord Melville. And on the fourth of July, Mr Whit- bread brought up the report of the com- mittee, which confifted in eight articles of impeachment againft Lo:d Melville, the firit-of which is the molt impostant, and «charges bis lordfhip with the fecretion of 10,000]. To avpid as much as peflisle ufelefs and mere technical language, we fhall give an abfiract of thefe articles, which will by the generality of readers be be:ter underfiood than the articles themfelves. : Ajticle1.. The firt article recites, that Lord Vifcount Melville, whilf he beld the office of treafurer of his majefty’s navy, and previous to the faid 10th day of Janvary, 1786, did take and receive, trom and out of the money impretted to him as trealurer of of his majefty’s navy, frour his maje‘ty’s ex- chequer, the fum of 10,0001, or tome other Jarge fum or fums of money, and did trau- dulently and illegally convert and apply the fame to his own ule, or to fome other corrupt and illegal purpofes,and to other parpofes than thofe of the public navy\fervices of the king- dom, to which alone’ the \fame was lawfully fpplicable ; and did continue fuch fraudu- lent and illegal convertion and application of the faid fum or fums of money, after the pafling of the faid act of parliament ter the better regulating the office of the treafurer of his majefty’s navy. And the faid Henry Lord Vifcount Melville has declared, that he never would reveal the application of the faid fum of 10 0001. and, in particular, he did make fuch declaration in the houfe of commons op the Lith day of June, 1805, and then and there added, that he felt him felf bound, by motives of public duty, as well as private honour, and perfonal convenience, to conceal the fame ;~ all’ which conduct of the faid Henry Lord Vilcount Melvilie was contrary to the duty of bis faid office, a breach of the trufrepofed in him, and a vio- lation of the laws and ftatates of this realm. / ‘ Article 2. Chagges his lordship with per- mitting and conniving at Trotter’s drawing mouey from the bank of England, and plac- ing it with « private banker, in violation of the ftatute, &c. Article 3, After repeating the former _ State of Public Affairs in Fuly, 1805. ~ [Aug. ly. violation, charges his lordthip with applying the money, thus illegally removed from the bank, to purpofes of private emolument, in- conjunction with Trotter, and in violation of . the act, &c. Article 4. Charges him with circumfances of ftrong fufpicion from the deftruétion of afl vonchers and memorandums, Ww ith a view to prevent a difcovery of the monies advauced to him by Trotter from the fonds at Coutts’s 5 all which conduct was cuutrary to his duty, &e. Article 5. More frongly impreffes the circumitances of fufpicion, from the mixed and undiftinguited funds at Coutts’s, where- by the public incurred the rifk of being de- frauded. This is aggravated by the circum- flance of every voucher having been deftroy- ed, which could trace the exiftence, progrefs, and confequence of the trantaction, Article 6. Charges him with the receipt of 22,0001. from Trotter, for which no inter- eft was received, and the fulpicion ariling from the deftruction of all written vouchers refpectmg this tranfaction. ae Article 7. Charges him with the fubduc- tion of an equally large fum, for which no in- tereft was paid, the burning of memorandums, &e. &e. ey Article 8. Impreffes the fufpicion of his lordthip’s connivance with Trotter, from the various circumftauces above ftated; it then fums up the charges in,a general manner, aud. conclides with a ttrong allegation that all thefe aéts were a high breach of duty in Lord Melville, a violation of the laws and the trut repofed in “him, in confequence of © which the Commons of Great Britain accufe his lordthip of high crimes and mifdemea- nours. The next ftep in the progrefs of this bufinef: was a bill brought in by Mr. Whitdread for continuing the proceedings again Lord Melville, no'withftancing any prorogation or diffoluticn of Parha- ment, which was accordingly agreed to; and on the 12th of July the Parliament was prorogued by commiflion to the 22d of Avguft, when the Lerd Chancellor, as Speaker of the Lords Commiflioners, ed- drefled both Houfes of Parliament in the following Speech :— : «¢ My Lords and Gentlemen, ‘© We have it in command from His Ma- jefty to exprefs the fatistaétion with which he has obferved the proofs you have givenin the courfe of the prefent Seflion of your con= ftant regard for the honour of his Crown and the interefts of his Dominions 5 and particu- larly the meafures which you have adopted” for ftrengthening His Majeity’s hands at this important conjunéture, by the augmentation of the difpofable military force of the king- dom.” , 6 Gentlemen uf i 1805.) Bip: Gentlemen oft the Haufe of Commons, Re His Majefty has direéted us particularly thank you, in His Maje fiy’s name, for the it and liberality with which you have Me evrites the large fupplies which the necedlity of the public fervice has required.” _. $8 My Lords and Gentlemen, be €€ His Majeity has not yet been enabled to ‘Communicate to yoo the refult of the nevoci- ations in which he is engaged with Powers "en the Continent ; but you may ref affured pies no ffep will be omitted on His Majefty’s set for promoting fuch.a concert as may af- ‘ford the veft profpedt of reftoring general and ) rmanent tranquillity ; 5 or may, if neceflary, “furnith the means of repelling withyyigour “the continued encroachments on the ‘part of 7 French Governieat, which threaten Vevery day, more and more, the liberty and jaepense: ace of all the nations of Europe.” eT hen the Commiffion for proroguirg the Parliament was read. After which “the Lord Chancellor f1id :— ) » © My Lords and Gentlemen, © By virtue of His Majefty’s Commifiion nder the Great Seal, to us and other Lords rected, and now read, we do, in his Majef y's name, and in obedience to his commands, rorogue this Parliament to Thorféay the wenty fecond day of Auguf next, to be then * dere holden 3 and this Parijament is accord- prorogued to Thurfday the twenty- und -day of Auguft next.” An attack was made on the 1Sth, by e Britith fleet lying off Calais, upon about thirty of the enemy’s flovilla failing from Dunkirk to Boulogne, which was confiderably injured, but at the cxpence of about fitty of our own men killed and janded. FRANCE, ITALY, &c. tis evident, from every important do- ent received from the Continent, that naparte meditates the fubjeCtion of the ole of Italy. The Pope is to refign the towns of confequence which are for- tified, and the Republic of Lucca is to be ncorporated with France. Upon the at changes which have taken place in Government of Genoa, the Auitrian nvoy, as will be feen in the following al ‘il thought it his duty to in- aire, in an!wer to a Note from the Ge. noefe Minifier, whether thefe circum- ances were to be contidered as terminat- ng his miflion :— _ €€ The undersigned minister plenipotenti- ary and envoy extraordinary trom the emper- rofl Germany and Austria, has received State of Public Affairs in Fuly, 18035. 69 yesterday evening the note. in whichsenator Roggieri, the minister for foreign affairs, has informed him that the Ligurian senate has resolved on the union of the Ligurian Re-~ public with the French empire, and that this resolution will be immediately carried itite execution, a deputation having been sent to his majesty the emperor; in consequence the government has at the same time thought proper to signify the motives that have in= ducedit to annu! both its old and new consti- tution, and renounce the rank it has bither- to maintained among independent states, to unite itself to another great power. I have also been given to understand, that my mis+ sion to the Digntian pO ene is at.an end. **T will not examine the motives whichhave led the senate to take this step; in this case the senate is the best judge; and the object is of sufficient importance, sinceit relates to the existence and well-being of astate. But With respect to the termination of my mis- sion, this entirely and alone depends on the orders of my emperor, and until [ receive these orders, it is impossible that I should consider my mission as terminated, *« J shall therefore, as soon as possible, transmit to my court, the note delivered to me, together with the decree of the senate, that ¥ may receive directions for my conduct. I cannot doubt that the Ligurian government will, in the mean time, acknowledge the in- violability of my person, and defend the rights of the legation against any attack. I hope to find here that protection which is due ‘to the Austrian and German nation; and I expect that the Auscrian consulate for com= mercial affairs will remain on the footing on which it at present exists, agreeable to the law of nations. (Signed) hs Ginsri. ey ** Genoa June 2, ¥805.”" On the 6th infant, the fenator R: ggieri, tranfmitted to the Envoy the following note in anfwer : “© [have laid the note of your excellency ofthe 2d instant, before the chief magistrate ; and { have the pleasure to assure your excel- Jency that the official respect which is due to your excellency, accerding to the law of na- tions, and agreeably to the sentiments of es- teem which the Ligurian government enter= tain for his imperial majesty, will be carefui- ly observed, both with regard to the person of your excellency, and towards the whole legation of his majesty the emperor of Ger- Mmahy and Avstria.”’ The following Memorial will be deerned important and interefing to all who are connected with our Weli India Iflands. : MEMORIAL AND REPRESENTATION, ON THE SUBJECT OF AMEKICAN INTERCOURSE, PRE-~ SENTED BY THE HOUSE OF ASS*EMBLY OF JAMAICA 10 THE LIKUTENANT GOVERNOR THURLOF 5 DATED AT KINGSTON, ON THE 20TH OF APKIL, 1805. To his Honour Lieutenant General George Nugent, Lieutenant-Governor and Com- mander- 70 mander-in-Chief in and over this his Ma- jesty’s Island of Jamaica, and the territo- ries thereon depending in America, Chan- cellor and Vice-Admital of the same, The humble Memorial of the Assembly. May it please your Honour, That on acknowledging the independence of the United States of North America, his Majesty’s then Ministers thought it would be proper to deprive them of the benefits they had derived from their intercourse with the West-India Islands whilst they compos- ed part of the British dominions. That the inhabitants of Jamaica have ever been anxious to promote the commercial prosperity and augment the naval strength of theempire ; but, on this occasion, they represented, that Nature had denied to this island the means of subsisting its population whilst their industry was directed to the cul- tivation of those staples which alone render- ed it a valuable appendage to the mother- country, and that it was destitute of many articles of the first necessity-in preparing our produce for exportation. They submitted, that Great Britain, with all her remaining dependencies in North-America, could not supply the lumber required for buildings and Packages in the towns and on the planta- tions, or the provisions absoltttely necessary for the existence of the inhabitants, and that they could not be procured from the United States in sufficient abundance, unless the importation should be permitted in their own vessels, The clearest facts, the most obvious consequences, were disregarded, chiefly through delusive misrepresentations from the settlers in the remaining British colonies in North America, who flattered themselves with acquiring immense wealth by a monopoly of an extensive market which they knew must be scantily supplicd. Aiter some intermediate relaxation, the in- tercourse was at length confined to British vessels, navigated according to law. Put- ting the loss and destruction of property out of question, to this country the result was terrible. : It is briefly stated ina Report of a Com- mittee of thie House on the subject of the Slave-Trade, which never has been, nor ne- ver can be, controverted, « We decline (say the Committee) to enlarge on the consequences which followed, lest we may appear to exaggerate; but having endeavoured to compute, with as much accuracy as the subject will admit, the number of our slaves whcse destruction may be fairly attribtted to the unfortunate mea- sure of interdicting foreign supplies, whilst the country was suffering under internal ca- lamities, we hesitate not, afier every allow- ance for adventitious causes, to ix the whole loss of lives at fifteen thousand. This num- ber we firmly believe to have perished of fa- Mine, or of diseases contracted by scanty and unwholesome diet, between the latter end of 1730 and the beginning of 1787.” Such was the wasie of life at which the y first experiment was made for securing to Great Britain the carrying-trade between State of Public Afairs in Fuly, 1808. \ (Aug. ty Jamaica and the United States of North America! With the charity of Christians, and loyalty which oppression could not alienate, the Assembly were willing to sup- pose, that the consequences of the measures adopted were not intended or foreseen ; and they are brought forward as a defence against new calumnies, and not as a subject of re crimination for the destruction of their pro- perty. ry It is to be recollected, that this trial was made not only in the time of profound peace, but commenced at the termination of the American War, when a redundancy of ship- ping, seamen, and capital, in the mother- country, were ready for anv new or advan~ tageous commerce ; when a great addition of active and enterprising adventurers were poured into the remaining British colonies of Norith-America, solicitous to profit by a speculation which their misreprésentations had contributed to set on foot. Finally, however, it was admitted to be. vain to contend against the decrees of Pro- vidence, which had condemned New Gruns- wick and Nova Scotia to perpetual sterility, and shut up all intercourse with Canada for more than half the year: Wherithese pro- vinces applied to the Legislature of the mo- ther-country for, and were allowed; liberty to import lumber and provisions from the United States, it was thought impossible that statesmen could listen to an application for rendering the supply of half a million of British subjects subservient to theit blind and indecent avarice. ees Although the expectations of the inhabi- tants of Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, an Canada, were completety defeated, it must be acknowledged, that the profit of the carz rying-trade betwixt the United States o North-America and the British West-India colonies was for a time secured to the British ship-owners. They were computed to get about 245,000 sterling annually, and per- haps the inhabitants of this country only paid about double the freight which the ar- ticles would have cost if imported in Ameri- can vessels, This, however, was during peace. When the late war with France com- menced, notwithstanding the immense su+ periority of Great Britain by sea, and the ads vantages of an established and regular inter- course, the national shipping gradually dis appeared. The increasing exigencies and diminished supplies induced the Right Ho- nourable the Earl of Balcarres to assume the responsibility of providing for the wants of the country coifided to his care, by opening the ports of this island to American ship= ping. : By this wise and necessary measure, a se= cond famine was averted; and, during a period of great difficulty, the agricultural capital of the country has been preserved, and the planters look forward to better times to disencumber themselves from the debts affecting it. ; It is our painful duty to represent, that, by recurring to the system of restriction for= merly tried, the same consequences must follow xs SS. ollow with inevitable certainty. The capi- and labour employed in raising staples ‘exportation, so important to the com- e and navigation of the mother-coun- istence, and, in certain situations, to pro- " eure substitutes for!umber. __ Every one conversant with the state of the Jand must admit, that obtaining them is mot practicable in the best-cultivated di- siricts ; but, were it otherwise, the shipping the empire would be materially diminish- ed by attempting to engross the carrying- ‘trade between the islandand America. Bice ene intercourse is in its nature unchange- able. _ On the part of the North-American States ‘our staples might be dispensed with, because ‘they are luxuries, and can also be supplied rom other parts of the world ; but our de- ands from them are for necessaries the ‘Most essential, and only become greater in proportion to our industry and the increase ‘Of our cultivation. We shal! take two pe- ds, very distant from each other, to shew ir nature and extent. The Schedule No. 1. contains an account ‘the imports from North- America into the itish West-India Islands in 1771, 1772, nd 1773. It is on the authority of Mr. y, Secretary to the Commissioners of ‘Customs, and discriminates what was lied by the territories now forming the ited States from what was furnished by ritish provinces The articles compos- hg eg annually, and were estimated e of the value of 720,000 sterling, or ool. Jamaicacurrency ; but, as many vessels made two, and sometimes , Voyages within the year, the nnmber ot exceed 533, and the seamen employ- eabout 3390. 1¢ Schedule No. 2. exhibits a similar ac- t for the years 1802, 1803, and 104, the returns of the naval officer, made h ouse of Assembly, of the importa- tions from the United States and the British dominions in North America, and distin- s the proportions imported in Ameri- and in Writish bottoms. A valuation is ded, on the authority of members of this se, of great commercial experience and ectability : it will be found 1,249,075). cy... Schedule No. 3. contains an account exportations to North-Arnevica, from aine authorities. ‘8 Might be expected, it will be found, m these authentic documents, that the sed cultivation of Jamaica calls for a of greater value than was required by gsish islands in the first period; and this stipply, less than one-twelfth Ticomes from his Majesty’s colonies in th-America ; and that six-seventh parts we procure from the United States Mported in their own shipping. We i] admit, however, that the number of els mentioned by Mr. Stanley now car- % the increased ‘supply; and it will be D, <. State of Public Affairs in July, 1896. , must be applied to raise food for our sub- _ 71 found, that 456 additional British vessels, navigated by 2862 seamen, must enter im- mediately into the American trade, to’ pre- vent thé absolute ruin of this country. No person in the least acquainted with commerce, but must admit, that twice that number will be requisite if our wants are in- tended to be answered by means of ships making a circuitous voyage once a-year from Great Britain. Situated as the mother-country is at pre sent, we do not hesitiate to affirm, that nei-+ ther shipping nor seamen can be spared for carrying on and protecting this commerce until the return of peace. ; We have hitherto regarded matters in the most favourable view, as if we possessed the quantity of provisions usual at this season of the year, and without a prospect of interrup- tion to the intercourse. The facts, however, are extremely diffes rent. From a scanty harvest in America, and a great demand from Spain, the impor- tations have been less than common, whilst the expenditure has been augmented by drawing the militia from their homes, and collecting pioneers and working-parties, during the present martial-law. From the best information, collected by inquiries under authority, on the proclama- tion of martial-law, it is ascertained, that there then was not flour to feed that portion of the inhabitants who depend on it for sub- sistence for two weeks, and we have no rea- son to believe that the stock is now greater. In about thirty days the expectation of all additional supply must begiven up. When the imperious cravings, of absolute famine may arrest attention, it will be too late to administer relief. Iu the hurricane-months, few American vesse!s adventure in these la- titudes, and the winter-frosts lock up many ports of the United states from which weare supplied. ; ; e trust that we have been fortunate enough to impress your Honour with a true sense of the situation of this country, for if ever there was a case calling for the sound exercise of that discretion with which his most gracious Majesty has entrusted you, we humbly submit that case now exists here. s ; No means can be pointed out for carrying on an intercourse admitted to be indispen- sable at all times ; proved to be now pecu- liarly so from causes which his Majesty’s Ministers could not foresee, but which are fully disclosed to your Honour. No benefit can accrue to Great Britain, or to the empire at large, from the ca= lamities which will be brought upon this country. - We admit the responsibility whicheyour Honour must assume in exercising the high prerogative which cur most benevolent So- vereign has delegated to you, for nS ate pose of protecting his faithful people from partial evils, arising out of well-intended general fegulations, but we humbly call your Honour’s attention to the bigher re« sponsibility i .- te sponsibility which will attach on declining to dispense the blessings which his Majesty meant to be communicated to his loyal sub- jects here. From all these considerations, we rely, that your Honour will, without delay, give directions for continuing this most impor- tant intercourse, on its present footing, for six months after the time limited by the resent order of the Privy Council, or until his Majesty’s pleasure shall be known. ; Report of Difeafes. , - . , my , (Aug 1, LIF UTENANT-GOVERNOR’S ANSWER, Mr. Speaker, and Gentlemen of the Assemb!,, . Having received no instructions from his Majesty’s Secretary of Sfate, authorizing , me to give directions for continuing the ii tercourse between Jamaica and the Uni Stgtes of America, after the 21st of May next, I consider myself absoiutely prec from paying that attention to your repre sentation, whic!, under other circums! aces, I should sincerely wish to do upon ai! occa sions. P REPORT or DISEASES, . Ta the public and private Praétice of one of the Phyficians of the Finfbury Difpenfars, From the 20th of Fune ta the SS FEPRIS Sites 6 Litete «in weeegeess--- 3 uslefs they are doing fomething, that is, Catarrhugyiieee ores oe Siem a= 5, either performing fome pantui oper tion, Dyfpnea ebriofa...-..--..---------- I or aidminiftering feme powerful reniedy. Phthyfis pulmonalis.--.-----.-+ +s--+ 7 Whereas, the faétis, that, in no inconfis paint Fy Lt Le lciespelccig MOE propeiliolet Ett Mia a ai TA ienhs hue bona ya aR aeANC ete that can be done is to let the patient 7 ES A ae ote OS OER EE 2 dene. An iuflammatory fever,* or a ha- Mevonhane EL Oe Pia ae z bit indicating excels of general excitement i (he Aes ata iy RR Ge Oey a 3 Im this enervated age, very rarely indeed _ TUT Gabe Pics ase cheek eno 6 ocecurs. And toca! inflammations, fuch as Epilepfia,. boone 40.6 edie Eta eee vs gins 2 ac tr rheumatitm, gout, or cynanche, wiil, Morbi ramones ae ela ae ae 15 fe.dom, with impunity, permit the opening Diarrhea et cholera Sei aloes: c 1 +-- 12 ofavein. In the Jatt difeafe, the writer. Morbi cutanei = -.,.-------+------- 9 has had more elpecial reafon to entertain The Reporter has this lat month been imprefled more deeply than ever he w-s before with the fatal folly of bleeding in‘ the generality of thofe cafes to which vene- fection.is too frequeoily applied. A perfon, who at a very advanced period of hfe was finking under the combined operation of age and intemperance, was advilfed, on account of a d ficulty of breathing, arifing from general debility and a mutilation of the pulmonary organs, to expericnce frequent and extravag nt evacuations from ihe arm, which, of courie, in a very fhort time put a period to his terreftrial exii ence. If the employment of the lance’, al- though in fome inftances itis of undoubt- ed ule and :eceflity, were abolifhed alto- gether, it would perhap- fave annually a greater number of lives than in any year the {word has ever deftreved. Medical men are fometimes apt to con- fider themfelves, and are generally regard- ed by others as infignificant aad incfiicient, 20th of Fuly, this opinion, in which he is confirmed by _ the authority ofa man celebrated as a phi- lofopher, alhough not a member of the medical profeffion. ‘iP 3 THF “Ah! thefe accurfed phyficians, they will certainly kill her with their blocdlet= tings. J have been mylelf extremely fub- je&t to the quinzy, and have invariably found that bleeding inereafed its violence ; when, on the other hand, I contented my- fcif with fimply ufing a gargle and put- ting my feet in warm water, I generally found mylelf well the following day.” t In caies of fevophulous opthalmia the writer has recently found advantage in ap- ply ng co/d to the whole body, as wellas | to the organ more particubuly affedked : the lalutary power of this agent feems to * Dr. Cullen flates that he never faw an~ inftance of this fever during forty years of the moft widely extended practice. 7 t Original Correfpoudence of Rouffeau. + increafe ‘ f ‘a , ” ‘ ; _ increafe nearly in proportion to the extent farface to which it is applied*. _ Fevers and other analogous complaints appear not to prevail at prefent, to that ‘extent which might be expected in Lon- at this period of the fummer. It is he intenfity of the heat, fo muchas complicated pollution with which, in equence of it, the atmofphere of the 1etropclis is, more efpecially in the warm- _ * The Reposter has lately received a copy of a Treatife on the Operation of Cold ‘from Dr. Stork of Briftol, a writer of merit, who, although not an implicit difciple, ex- hibits, in his work, a mind illumined with " ernye of Brunonian philofophy. 1a > ft the annual meeting of the proprietors - of the Grand Junétion Canal, held at the own and Anchor Tavern, it was ftated by ommittee, that the whole line of canal been infpeéted, and that the works and oyements to be ere&ted upon it were efti- ed at upwards of 27,0001. . The meeting as alfo intormed of the rapid increafe in the nues of the company, fince the opening “the line by the completion of the tunnel worth, the five laft monthly returns nnage in 1205, being—January, 7311. ary, 3302]. March, 5105!. April, May, 66021.—The proprietors then congratulated on the great ad- public, in the more general intro- led from being now brought on the o that place); and, in order to fhow at comparative value of thefe coals he fea or Vhames, with which London en hitherto fupplied, a part of Mr. evidence, lately given befure parlia- and in which he was corroborated by r evidence, was read by the folicitor. er ftates two tons, by weight, of on coals, to be equal to two chal- by meafure, of River coals: and that ent coft of them is as three to four ; evaporating, or boiling water, one- Nlefs in weight of Staffordthire coals will e fame work as a given weight of River geneval half-yearly meeting of the for the Support and Encouragement uday Schools in England and Wales, ommiittee reported, that fince the laft eneral mecting, in O€tober, 1304, they had ay fchools, with the addition of more © fcholars, to the ftatement then liversd; and that from the commencement this inftiturion, in 1785, the fociety had OM ONTHLY Mac, No, 132, oe s to be expeéted hy them, as well of Staffordfhire or Paddington coals Incidents in and near London. ___ INCIDENTS, MARRIAGES anv DEA __——*With Biographical Memeirs of diftinguifhed Charaders recently deceafed. aie ———EE 73 er months, impregnated, that tends to dif- order and to debilitare the conititution of its inhabitants. i «‘ Tt is not air, but floats a naufeous mafs 48 Of all obfcene, corrupt, offenfive thingst. Happy are they, who, unconfined by profeffional or any. other chains, are, at this feafon of the year, at liberty to enjoy the falutary fragrance of vegetation, or to feek refrefhment and relief in the fti]l more enlivening breezes, and invigorating exhal- ations of the fea. J. ReiD. Grenville-fireet, Brunfusick-/quare, July 25, 1805. + Armftrong. vA :, .THS in anp Near LONDON. afforded aid, either in books or money, to 2380 fchools, containing 213,011 {cholars, for whofe ufe they had diftributed 200,974 fpelling-books, 46,465 teitaments, and 6935 __ bibles, befidesa fum of 41421. 4s. sd. granted to fuch fchools as ftood in need of pecuniary aiiftance, The effe& of that attention which the Committee paid to petitions for affi(tance from the principality of Wales begins now to difplay itfelf in a manner which promifes the moft extenfive and happy refults. It is already afcertained that 115 fchools have been ef- tablifhed by the fociety in the counties of Flint, Denbigh, Anglefey, Merioneth, and Caernarvon, in which upwards of 7900 fcho- lars, who, in all probability, muit have ftill remained*in ignorance, are now taught to read and underftand their moral obligations both to God and man. Accounts are alfo expeéted from all the other counties of a ftill further augmentation of this number, The building, called Weitminfter Market, is to be demolifhed, and on its fite will be ere&ted a new Guildhall. The workmen have begun their operations. What they have deftroyed of the Market will not be re- gretted, but in digging below it, they toil at the foundations of the ancient Sanétuaty at Weftminfter, which the antiquary may now fee for the laft time, and fome of the public will, perhaps, hear of for che firft. ‘Till 1750, the old building remained. ‘¢¢ In that year,” fays Dr, Stukeley, ¢* I went to furvey the old church atc Weftminfler, called the Sanétuary, which they were then pulling down to make a new market houfe. The building itfelf is as extraordinary in its kind as that we have no clear dccount concerning it in the hiftory of Weftminfter Abbey, to which it manifeftly belongs. *Tis compofed of two churches, one over another; each in in the form of a crofs. The loweft may be called a doyble crofs.* Dr. Stukeley then difcudes 14 difcuffes the date of the building, which he fuppofes coeval with the firft Abbey, the work of Edward the Confeffor. The peculiar purpofe of it was to be the Afylum, or SanQuary, of thofe that fled to the cathedral for fafety. Some parts of the building were, however, of a later date. Dr. Stukeley, fpeaking of the deftru@tion of it in 1750, fays, ** They were a long time in demolifh- i@ ic with great labour and expence. It confifted moftly of rag ftone from Suffex, the mortar of the fame burnt into lime. No tock could be harder. And fometimes they attempted to blow up part of it with gun- powder. The door of the lower church, or principal entrance of the fabric, was covered with plates of iron, I fuppofe to fecure it from fire and the violence of fuch as would attempt to carry off any perfon, who fled hither for fan€tuary. The efplanade at top was paved with flat ftones, when we viewed it; and had many tenements built upon which no doubt yielded good rents from the unhappy perfons remaining there for life,” — John. Stow fays of the’ piace, ** The privi- lege of San€tuary was firft granted by Sebert, King of*the Eaft Saxons, fince increafed by Edgar, King of the Weft Saxons, renewed and confirmed by Edward the Confeffor.” The following is a (tatement of the quan- tity of porter and table beer brewed in Lon- don, by the firit twelve houfes in each line, from the sth July, 1804, to the sth July, #805. PORTER. Barrels. Barclay and Perkins.....--- 152,500 Meux, Read and Co.,.--.... 136,700 Truman. Hanbury and Co.... 126,400 Whitbread and Co...-..-..- 103,600 Shum, Combe and Co... ..-- $5,700 T. Calvertand Co......-.. - ‘Pl,200 Goodwyn and Co............ 71,100 J. Calvert and Co......--.. 46,209 Biliottyand’ Cod. s/s. 2 2)... 46,100 CoxandCo. . are kis au sae ail, Re GeOO Clowes and.\Cay 2. a). s 34,200 Riley and Co. 20. 325 2o08 2 1323000 TABLE BEER. Kiirkmdiic ostieiclal ss) ccep =o 224008 CharnngprooS 2.4se 4. = 8s ow eresl 225508 Edmonds.....22'.-,i'.5- eis da) CNG S22 Sandlord.ee. dass See ee - 153999 Baullaing.s. aisicc oaale ale elon (Ge Rape: tin. «'aawats ne soe pe ce (EL, 903 Satchel 5 intake oly. & Miia Were thats ht ged Sandall.. eeeennese 9,915 Gower as po See sale ud 734726. Fale). eicghen cs ee te aise she) BOGS Hoffmann. ....... Spasraieicis oe)" OH09'S: Smithie’s:. ..cmabra teens 71954 Qn the night of June seth. a fire was dif- covered in a large range of wooden blue ftore- hhoufes, in the royal arfenal at Woolwich, not far diftant frem the magazine. ‘Fhe royal artillery were inftantly turned out, but it was found impofible to fave any part of the building on fire, or of another of the fame defcription near jg he Grit conlidesa- Marriages and Deaths in and near London. tion was, to prevent the deftruétidn of the magazine; and, the fecond to fave a large ftore of clothing, containing fuits for 8000 men, both of which were not more than ~ thirty paces diftant from the buildings om fire. By the indefatigable exertions of the artillerymen, both thefe objeéts were happily accomplifhed. The buildings confumed, were fituated behind the moat; though they were about 3170 feet in length, and two ftories high, not a veftipe of them was left by the deitructive element. They were full of what is called dead ammunition, fuch as - grape and canifter fhot in boxes, the number of which, is fuppofed to have amounted to half a million., It was not till near four o'clock the following morning, that the con- flagratioa was fo far extinguithed, as to place the magazine out of danger. No lives were loft, and only a few trifling accidents hap- pened. As there was reafon to fuppofe ‘that this conflagration was not the effec of acci- dent, yovernment immediately took ative meatures for the difcovery of the incendiary. MARRIED. At St. Bride’s, by rhe Rev. Mr. Pridiene John Bowyer Nichols, efg, of Red Lion Paffage, Fleet-ftreet, to Mifs Baker, daugh- ter of John B. efy. of Camberwell, Surrey. At St. Thomas's, Southwark, Dr. Kidd, of Oxford, to Mifs 1. Savery, daughter of the Rev. Mr. S. At Iflington, F. Whitehurft, efg, to the only daughter of W.. Hutchins, efq. of Hiyl- bury place. Capt. R. D. Oliver, of the navy, re Mifs: Saxton, daughter of Sir Charles S. bart. comp- troller of the navy At Hackney, the Rev. H. H. Norris, to» Mifs H.C. Powell, third daughter of D.P. efq. At St. George’s, Hanover-fquare, Re Eaton, jun. efq. of Stetchworth Houfe, Cam~ bridgethire, to Mifs Jefferfon, only daughter — of the late Rev. Mr. J, of King’s Langley, Herts.—Wm, Ruffell, efq. to Mifs Sophia — Roffell, daughter of Charles R. efq. of Binfield Houfe, Berks.—T. S. Horner, efq. — of Mells Park, Somerfet, colonel-com- mandant of the Frome and Eaft Mendip ~ cavalry, to Mifs Hippefley, eldgit danghter of” Sir J.C, Hippefley; bart. W. Wilcox, efq. of Camden-ftreet, Ming- | ton, to Mifs Gore, daughter of the late Cap- tain Arthur G. of the Naflau Eatk Indiaman. | fohn Willett Willett, efg. of Merley 7 Houfe, Dorfetthire, M. P. for New Romney, — to Mifs Wilfon, of Wimpole-freet. } At Edmonton, the Rev. John Skinner, | rector of Camerton, near Bath, to. Mifs Holmes, daughter of Jofeph H. efq. DIED At Newbury, Berks, Ars. Fry, wife of ~ Ms. Edmund Fry, letter founder, 1 ype-ftreet. — at his. lodgings in Great Ruffel Street, Covent Garden, Roger sie 95. wi a At Maze Hill, Greenwich, K. Brathwaite, e/g. Admiral of the White, 79. At Hadley, 4dr, E. Garraw, eldett daugh- 4 ellor G. Reyne ollege Street, Weftminfter, Colonel ley 3. : ‘ In Grofvenor Place, G. Medley, &f7. In Scotland Yard, Mrs. Street, wife of T. Street, ef. rp) At Iflington, Mrs. Bond, widow of the te Edward B. fen. efq. of Golden lane, th Street, Dr. Patrick Ru fill, Teddington, Mr. Touffaint ville-ftreet, Piccadilly. Pimlico, Ff. Groves, e/g. m lr. Fames Parker, an eminent portrait niftorical engraver, whofe talents have ‘Many years been fuccefsfully employed rnamenting the beft editions of the Eng- Claffics, and other works of tafte, which rendered fill more valuable by the fineft ions of hisart. His lofs will be much tted by the amateurs of fine engraving; t by his friends, and he had many, who he pleafure of knowing his equability of er, his fuavity of manners, and integrity, eath muft be for ever deplored, though ne more fincerely lamented than by the -y of Engravers, of which he was a go- rt, and who attendes him to the grave. zeal and indefatigable endeavours he ribured much to their formation intoa for the beft of purpofes, humanity ; Meritoricus exertions will long be abered by the fatherlefs and the widows ofe of his profeflion who may be left in tous circumfances. the houfe of her father, Sir Philip ps, bart. atthe Admiralty, after having ely delivered of a daughter which inva few hours, Vifcountefs Ranelagh, Thomas Jones, Vifcount Ranelagh, of Wicklow, and Baron Jones, of county of Meath, to whom fhe was h Auguft lat. . his. father’s houfe in Duke-fireet, infter, Charles Symmons, ofg. the young- on of the Rev. Dr S. He was en- d ith abilities of a fuperior order; and, a bright and ardent fancy, he poffefled dgment which was remarkably tempe- and correét. His mind, naturally cle- was improved with affiduous culti- j and the range of his knowledge, was the period of his lite, was ex- ‘and comprehenfive. He compofed culiar clegance in profe and in verte ; othing but his extreme diffidence of felf deprived his talents of their juft lead in the converfation of that ample fociety, of peksi b the fingvlar refinement and conc:lia- sia of his manners made him the ornament ad the delight. His perception and relith of moral order and beauty were quick and quifite. His bofom was a fanétuary which ¥ impure or violent, no fordid or mean paf- ; late of Marriazes and Deaths in and near London. 5 fion could ever prefume to pollute ; his heart was the refidence of piety, affection, and be- nevolente, His temper was equal and cheer~ ful; fometimes, indeed, difcovering the dee preffion of calm and foft melancholy, but never elevated into ftrong and rude mirth; a {mile generally fat upon his lip, but laughter never revelled upon his cheek. is fpirit, mild and. quiet, patient aad placable, was, atthe fame time, ina remarkable degree, re- folute and intrepid. Facile and complying in the common intercourfe of fociety, he was not, by any motives, to be diverted from the purpofe or the obje€& to which he had been directed by his moral vifion, and which hisjucg- ment had confequently adopted. With hand- fome though not regular features, his coun- tenance was ftrongly alive and prepoflefing with the intelligence and the benignity of his mind. His perfon was admirably beautiful; early fix feet in height, its fymmetry was “perfect; its proportions light, elegant, and graceful, not ill-modelled for flrsngth, but ‘more obvioufly adapted to agility. A fever ‘puta period to his innocent and exemplary lite, before he had completed his 22d year. ' At Chelfea; dr. R. Suett, of Drury-lane Theatre, in confequence of an apoplectic fit about two months ago, from the effects of which, he would probably have recovered, could he have been induced to adopt a more temperate fyftem of life. He was early in- ftru¢ted in mufic, and was intended merely for a finger. He polleticd a very pleating voice and great mulical taite, His fir ap- pearanc2 in public was, when quite a boy, at a place called Finci’s Grotto Gardens, a \ kind of minor Vauxhall, fituated near the King’s Bench in St. George's Fields, the price of. admitiion to which was fixpence. ~At this place, Suett fung for one or two fea- fons, and was then exalted to the orchefira at Ranelagh, where he acquired confiderable reputation as a very promifing boy- His voice however, did not improve in fuch a manner, as to give his friends reafon to ex- ped that he would obtain much dittin¢tion in the metropolis. A few years afterwards he joined the itinerant companies of fome pro- vincial theatres, and at jength became well known ani much admired as a comic ator in feveral paris of the kingdom, till his fame reached the London managers, and he was induced to accept an engagement at Drury- lane, where he made his firlt appearance ia the year 1780. His tilents were fo well known to the public that itis not neceflary to enter into a particular account of his pro- feflional merit. It may however, be fairly faid of him, that he was no copyift in his art. He pofletfed original humour, and though he occafionally inclined to indulge the galleries with a comic luxuriance that bordered on extravagance and buffoonery, there was fo much quaintnels, oddity, and whim in his manner, chat he mutt havé been Ki avery 16 a very fevere critic indeed, who was not rather diverted than offended, He was an excellent mimic, but never fuffered that dangerous and invidious faculty to appear on the ftage. In private life he was focial, pleafant, and good humored, always ready to do a kind ation, or to engage in any frolic. Be had the ufual imprdvidence of fuch cha- racters, and in general devoted little atten- tion to confiderations of health or fortune. He had not completed his 47th year. { Further particulars of the Rev. David Gar- row, twhofe death is mentioned at p. 398 of the laf ~oilllize: He was brocher of William Gar- row, M.D. of Barnet, who died in 1795, and father of Mr. G. the counfcllor, and now M.P. for Gatton in Surrey, and of Edward G. Efg. of Totteridge, many years in the Eaft {ndies, and laft year fherif¥ of Hertford- thire; and of two daughters, one of whom, after her return from India, married Mr. Monk, a gentleman-farmer at Chefhunt, and the other wlio lived fingle with her venerable parent, and whofe death is announced on the preceding page. The houfe at Monken-Had- ley, where the Rev. Mr. Garrow lived and died, is {uppofea to havef ome relation to the abbey at Walden, to which the manor and reétory belong. In fome of the rooms-there are fcripture’ hiftories carved over the chimney, and painted in the windows; but both thefe were of much later date. Mr, G. kept a fchool for boys, but not firft at Hadley, or at Jeaft not in the fame houfe. When his fon the counfellor repeatedly urged his father to ‘give up the fchool, the old gemtleman de- PROVINCIAL OCCURRENCES, WITH ati tHE MARRIAGES anp DEATHS; Arranged geographically, or in the Order of the Counties, from North to South. *4* Authentic Communications for this Department are always very thankfully received. ' NORTHUMBERLAND AND DURHAM. New feam of coal, which preves to be of ve- ry good quality, has been found about 130 fathoms below the furface, at Killingworth New Winning; a circumftance which has occafioned much rejoicing at chat place. Married.| At Newcaitie, Robert Ark- wright, efq. to Mifs Kemble, daughter of Stephen K, efq. manager of the theatre of that town.——Mr. Thomas Green, Giverfmith, to Mifs AQinw-Mr. Roger Grey, to Mifs Elizabeth Exsiefon.—Captain Robert Wea- theriey, of Liverpool, to Mifs Elizabeth Longridge, daughter of Mr. Wm. L. At Hexham, Mr. john Marfhall Mather, Ironmonger, of Newcaftle, to Mifs Hannah Bell, daughter of Mr. Wm. B. of the White Hart Inn, Hexham. At Darlington, Mr. Skinner, to Mifs Kay. At Gatefhead, Mr. John Bailey, civil en- gineer, to Mits Dorothy Anderton, daughter of Mr. Waa. A. of Kenton, near Newcaitle, Ralph Child, jun. Northumberland— Durham. . that he avoided fociety, even that of his old y ot ‘ (Aug. 1, clared that he was bent upon finifhing the term of half a century in the employment, which he a€tually accomplifhed. Although he was reckoned a difciplinarian in his fchool, yet the boys loved him, and, when arrived at manhood, embraced every opportunity of Vifiting their old mafter, who exprefied a pleafure in the expedtation of feeing his form- er fcholars, with the exception of few whom he had inftruéted, The large chamber in the houfe at Monken-Hadley, where the greateft number flept, was, by his orders, always kept in the fame ftate, to the day of his death, as when ufed by the boys. His affe@tion for his wife, and regret for her death, led him to vifit the room in which fhe died, every day; but he did not allow that room to be ufed or opened by any of his fa- mily. He felt his own gradual decay ; and the lofs of memory affeéted him fo much neighbours, and, latterly, of his relatives, who were unremitting in their refpectful attentions to the good old man, who, when able to walk out in his village, generally ufed a long ftick, prefented to him by one of his family, which he called a Madayafcar f{pear; and, as he wore his own hair, turned to filver laitleay he reminded thofe who met him of one of the Patriarchs, as defcribed in Holy Writ, particularly when, to his neigh- bour’s addrefs of falutation, he anfwered, with a benevolent as well as cheerful coun- tenance, ** God blefs you!” Yhere isa good portrait of him, aged 76, after Romrey, in mezzotinto, by C. H. Hodges, 1787+] 0" At Bifhopwearmouth, Mr. Wm. Gregfon, fhip-owner, to Mifs Coats, both of Sunder- — land. Died.j At Darlington, Mrs. Hayes, a —Mr ‘Thomas Ruffell, manufaturer. At Bifhop Auckland, Mrs. Vafey, 79. i At Durham, Mr. Mark Maginefs, 57.——Mr, Wm, Cummin, and three days afterwards his wife Mrs. C.—Mr. Wm. Walker, 71. ae At Monkwearmouth, Mr. James M’Dou- gall, baker.—Mr. Wm. Dawfon, 45-——-Mr. Peter Hobfon, fon of Mr. Matthew H. 19. at Port Royal, of the yellow fever, Mr. — Jolin Dale, 23, fon of Edward D. efq of Cleas- ~ don, near South Shields, and firft licutenant of his majefty’s thip Thefeus; a young man — highly and defervedly refpected ni his bro~ — ther officers. a At Stockton, Mr. Henry Smith, ‘formerly aneniinent painter in Durkam, 80. “=. Suddend ly, Mr. George Dumble, plush and gla- — zier.—Mr. Charles Wharton, the oldeft — houfekceper of that place, 83. At t Sunderland, Ann Green, widow xof. ilfon, iaicicags Corbridge, Mr. Thanise Laingé a pris the volunteer corps of that place. Brampton, Mr. John Wallis, furgeon, ho had practifed there nearly fifty years th great reputation, 79. At Old Church, near Brampton, Mrs. ‘Lee, wife of Mr. Wm. L. farmer. . Hexham, Mrs, ‘Moody, wife of Mr. George M. CUMBERLAND AND WESTMORLAND, he leaning tower at Yanwath Hall, be- ging to Lord Lowther, has lately been ftored to its perpendicular, by the ingenuity ‘his lordfhip’s workmen. This maffy edi- e upwards of 35 feet high, had been propped s of 40 years, and overhung its bafe . efcetoneinch. The undertaking created derable apprehenfion, yet was performed dut crack or renc in the building, and jout injury to any individual. the general annual meeting, held at Whitehaven Difpenfery, the roth of June, eared, from the books, that in the ‘of the lat year, the enue of patients ‘ mended and regittered, (of ; whom 599 were attended in their wifery Cafes.... 87 vial “Incidents......--..-.2--- 2960 48 >" s follows: \ 1493 ING 1 "Ct ldren inoculated for the Cow pox.. 276 Patients remaining. upon the books 4837 Bev Mewieles7s om kN SO4 Pence SASH eaiaee i.e. scevese = 22 4 1840 PEAG ese ee men re secees 41 naining uponthe Books 160 e whole number of patients admitted he benefits of this valuable and well con- charity, fince its inftitution, ones ‘is as follows, viz. giftered patients — 33,324 id wifery cafes — 1,921 $81,759 jal incidents = — 41,514 0 ofe, 351354 have been cured, 1,189 re- 1, 618 incurable, 35 irregular, 959 ov and 160 remain on the books. Mr. John Gibbons, whofe former elegant uildings have fo much improved the appear- of Rickergate, Carlifle, has recently buil ba new ftreet on the wet fide, and has taken down two old houfes in the front, to en a fpacious entrance from the main eet; by which means, paffengers enjoy a pe: profpect of the Caltle, and the dajacent Cumberland—W eft morland. | lowing is the State oftbe Regiters : 77 Married.] At Stanwix, Mr. Roger Jame- fon, to Mrs, Mulcafter. At Dalfton, Mr. Wm. Cogdon, miller, at the Forge mill, to Mifs Jane Watfon, of Carlifle. At Caldbeck, Mr. Baty, of Warwick, to Mifs Hannah Simpfon, daughter of Mr. Richard S. colliery-agent to R. B, Warwick, efq. of Warwick Hall. At Sedbergh, Mr. James Winfter, to Mifs Willan, fifter of Richard W. efq. of the Hill near that place, and of Dr. Wy of London: At Lowther, Mr. Mattinfon of the Cuftom Houfe, Whitehaven, to Mifs Walker. At Crofsthwaite, Mr. Thomas Dixon, of Redah, near Whitehaven, to Mifs Norman, of Dafh, near Kefwick.—The Rev. Mr. Thompfon, of Caftle Sowerby, to Mifs Clark, daughter of Mr. Thomas C. nurfery= man of Kefwick. At Whitehaven, Mr. Wm. Brown, mere “chant, to Mifs Coylins, fecond daughter of “the late Mr. Tobias C. At Workiszgron, Captain John laine of the Triton, to Mifs Ann Thornthwaite. At Carlifle, Mr. James Lowes, to Mifs Ann jaques, daughter of Mr. Jofeph J At Harrington, Captain Thomas Littledale, of the thip Liberty, to Mifs Jane Thompfon. At Whitehaven, William Woodburn, fore merly well known in that neighbourhood, ty the appellation of the huntfman of the three kingdoms, from the circumftance of his pack being compofed of Englith, Scotch, and Irifh hounds, with which in one feafon he killed 147 hares, without either chang- ing, lofing, or having one of them torn by the dogs. He was a native of London ; and, at the time of his death, wanted only two months of completing his hundredth year. Though in a very enfeebled ftate for fome years before his diffolution, he continued to walk out till within a few weeks of that period; and his faculties were fo little im- paired, that he could, almof to the laf, re- colleét many remarkable inftances of fuccefs in his profeffion, of which he delighted to talk.—Mrs. Paxton, wife of Mr. P. grocer, 42.—Mrs Sarah Bowman, 63.—Mrs. Mary Weftgarth, widow, s9.—r. John Caffon, $3.—Mr. Edward Brown, of the Globe Inn, 36,.—Mrs. Mabella Dodd, wife of Mr, D. tailor, 28.—Mis. Eleanor Caldbeck, 36. At Workington, Mr. Allifon Clarke, formerly of the thip Delight, of that port. At Kendal, Mr. James Lickbarrow, late principal overfeer for that borough, 54. At Kirkland Kendal, Mr. George Allen, weaver, 85. At Diflington, Mr. John Wilfon, tailor, G1. At Henfingham, Mr. Richard Collyer, 88. At Coldcots, near Carlile, Mrs. Sarah Graham, reli&t of Mr. Joho G. attorney at law of that city. At Furney Green, near Bownels, Weft- morland, George Brew Crump, efq. 41. At 78 At Dalftony Mr. Wm. Richard, fon of Mr. Robert R. At Redmain, near Cockermouth, in the prime of life, Mis. Steel, wife of Mr. Thor mas S. At BaiTenthwaite Hawes, Mrs. Mary Af- bridge, 25. At Hallcliff, near Gefket Newmarket, Mr. Chriftopher Hudfon, brother of Dr, H. prebendary of Carlifle, 80. At Monkhill, Mifs Mary Watts, daughter of Mr. Wm. W. 16.—The Rev. Mr. Marrs, corate of Mongrifdale. At Carlifle, Mrs Wabella Forrefter, 72.— Mrs. Bryfony 75.—Mr. Nanfon, butcher, 65. -—Mr. John Lemmon, Sexton of St. Mary’ Sy 66. e At Cockermouth, Mr. Wm. Bean, many years clerk to Mr. Benfon, attorney. At Kefwick, Mrs. Sarah Mayfon, reli&t of Mr. Mark M. 73. ‘te At Brigham, Mr. Jonathan Saul, mer- chant, of Whitehaven, 36. 2 YORKSHIRE. Married.}. At Hull, Jofeph Rennard, efg. to Mifs Anna Green, daughter, of Mr. G, of London. At Ferraby, Mr. Jackfon, furgeon, of Wil- ton, to Miis Columbani, daughter of an eminent archite@ in London. y At Scrayingham, Charles Edw. Reping- ton, efg. of Aming'on, Warwickhhire, to Mifs Cholmley, eldeft daughter of Henry C. efg. of Houfham. At Well, Mr. Thomas Preft, of Bedale, to Mifs Catharine Strangwayes, eldeft daugh- ter of Richard S. efq. Died.J At Hull, Milfs Myers, drefs- maker —Mrs. Hannah Fofter, relict of Mr. jeel F. merchant, and an elder brother of the Trinity houfe, Hull, 84—Mr. John Simpfon, 69. He had formerly been a con- fiderable’' druggit in the Markct-place, but had retired from bufinefs, with an ample independence.--Mr. Hornby, poulterer, 53. —Mis. Sarah Witty, widow of Mr. Richard W. mariner.—Mrs. Tode, mother of Mr. Joba T. iron-founder, 66 At Malton, Mr. fobn Nelfon, only fon of the Rev. Jofeph N of RicesJl, and an officer in the Oufe and Derwent corps of volunteer infantry. At Beverley, Mr. W Mofey, plumber, 28.—Mrs. Cade, wife of Mr.o€. jate of Beverley, a noted jockey on the turf, 49. —Mrs. Armititead relict of Jofeph A. eiq. one of the aldermen of the corporation.— Mrs. Dalton, wife of Mr. Robert D. cathier in the bank of Chriftopher Maohell, efq. and Co —Matter R. Ducibery, fon of Thio- mas D.-efy, 10. At Gifbrough, Mr. Maurice Dale, tailow- chandler, and {pirit merchant, a man whofe urbanity of manners, and integrity as a tradelman, have infured a lafting ref{pedt in the memory of his trienas. At York, Mr. Peter Atkinfon archite@, York fire. Watery (Aug.J, 72. Be filled the office sof city fteward, and was juftly efteemed for his abilities as an artift, and his integrity as a man-—Mr. Owram, attorney at law.—Mr. Brown, only fon of Mr. B.—Mr. Marmaduke Weaver, grocer.—Mrs, Witham, a maiden lady.— Mrs. Ann Busfield, reliét of Mr. John B. — At Leeds, Mr. Gawthorp, a gentleman of the molt benevolent, and public f{pirited tem- per, and who, in addipion to his pnremitting endeavours to aid the public Ctiasities in Leeds, gratuitoufly ferved the office of trea- furer to the parifh, for a feries of eighteen years, with unremitting attention, unwea- ried diligence, and perfect accuracy, and for which the managers of the affaixrs of the — parifh thought proper, fome time previous to his death, to vote him their moft prate= | ful remembrances, and to affure him “ that they fhould hold him out to their friends, © neighbours and children, as a pattern for their imitation.”——Mr. Benjamin Parkinfon, liquor merchant.——-Mrs. Broughton, wife of Mr. B. cf the houfe of Kirk, and Co— Mr. A. Honold, a native of Strafburg, many years teacher .of languages and foreign clerk ia this town, In his fituation he acquitted himfelf with the greateft propriety and cre- dit, and his lofs will be long lamented by thofe who were defirous of acquiring a knowledge of the languages, as.a teacher of which, he poficfled the firft rate abilities —Mrs. Ren- — der, a muaiden‘lady, forty years refident at | the Moravian eftab] fhment, at Fulnec. { At Harwood, Mr. Mufchamp, relist, 7 on Wakefield, Mrs. Eliz. Rickaby, a maiden lady, and fifter of Mr. C. R. mer- chant, 63.—-Mrs. Horfefall, wife of Mr. H. furgeon, 40.—Mifs Richardfan, daugh= ter of John R. M.D. 28.—Mifs Smith, mil- liner, 27. She never entirely recovered the injury fhe received, from being overturned in the True Bien: coach —Mys. Aultwicky of the Ram Inn —Mr, Burdett, of the Saw Inn.—Mr. Bell, cooper, 50,.—Mrs, Holdf- worth, mother of Mr. H, furgeon.—Mr. Richard Desnifon, a igtalirk of the Wake. field volunteer corps. AN &t Scarborough, Mr. W. Clarkfon, one of the commoners of that borough, 82.— Mrs. Harrifon, relict of Joha 8. efq. 92. At his houfe near Knaresborough, Wm Turner Buckley, efq. brother in-law to Sir Thomas Turner Slingfby, bart. q At Monkhill, near Pontefra&, Wm. Pop- | plewell, efq. q At Wallzreave, near Scarborough, Timo: , thy Johnfan, efq. ¥ At Sheffield, Mr. Samuel Taytor, furgeon, 7 22.—-Mr. James Abbot.—Mifs Ifabella Younge, daughter of Mr I. Ts. Y, mer- 7 chant.—Suddenly, Mrs. Warburton, wife of ~ Mr. Samuel W. 6..—Mr, john Booth, 59. —Muils Mary Wright, daughter of Mr. Samucl W.18.—Mis. Margaret M‘Fun, 895 a native of North Britain, and mother of Mre ~ ; MF, © 1805. . late principal mufician in the Shef- -yolunteers.—Mrs. Clay, wife of Mr. C. er. t Ferrybridge, on his road to feid lingering illnefs, aged 66, the Rev. d Bowerbank, B. D. redide of Croft dB tningham, in the North Riding, and endary of Lincoln, formerly Fellow of "s College, Oxford, and fenior Proétor e Univerfity in the year 1774. : Newland, 28, Mrs. Rudfton, wife of George R. of Hull, and daughter of ev. J. Beil, of York, - Beflingby, go, Mr. Charles Ezard, up- of 50 years the faithful fteward of the John Hudfon, Efg. ly the buriting of a blood-veffel, Captain | Bramley, of Rawclifie, owner of the . Good Intent and London traders, from Greit Gomerfall, 78, Mrs. Walker, of Mr. Thomas W. enly, 62, Mr. John Garfed, of South Bley Malton, 58, Mr. Francis Pratt, &{ and Druggift. enly, at Ripley, Mr. Thomas Stubbs, the houfe of Mr. Thomas Crawford, of wold, with whom fhe had lived fer- 39 years, Elizabeth Arrowfmith, ,aged he has left behind, in Mr. Crawford’s €, two men-fervants; one a waggoner, other a labourer, who had been partners er nearly the whole 39 years. lindurgh, Thomas Brooke, M.D. only f William Brooke, of Wakefield, Efq.— is attainments, from a regular courte of that celebrated univerfity, added to revious medical knowledge and expe- promifed a valuable acceffion to, the and ‘to become a genetal benefit to reir, Mrs. ‘Johnfon, wife of Mr. brandy merchant —Mr. Jolin Hall, 0 had been upwards of 36 years malter of :workhoufe, erearate, the Hon. Mrs. Maffy Pare i t of the Hon. James Mafly D. late Rhisrcigh. Mr Brown, formerly a le merchant.—Mrs, Walton, 46, tr. Chriftopher W. fen. calico ma- turer, LANCASHIRE. d.| At Liverpool, Captain Hender- difs Hendry, daughter of the late a .—Mr. Philip Quirk, thip- builder, Finchett, daughter of Mr. James F. -mafter—Mr. Thomas Higginfon, of efter, to Mifs Elizabeth Shure, of the ool Repofitory.—Mr. W. Wilfon, to ary Howard.—Robert Mawdelley, Efq. Maghull, to Mils Whitehead.—Capc. yexa aie Nicholfon, to Mifs Ann Denni- ) a. — Thomas Bunning, efq. pott- maalter, to ie Prixes. & Lancafbire. 79 At Cartmel, Mr. W. Thompfon, of Cark, fhoe-maker, to Mifs Jane Fergufon, dairy< maid at Holker-hall. The bride is the only perfon that has been married from the Hall for upwards of thirty years. At Manchefter, Mr. Auguftus Herman Martinius, to Mrs. Elizabeth Nixon.—Mr. Richard Barnes, to Mrs. Walker.—The Rev, G, Parkin, to Mifs Heywood.—Mr. Wm. Billington, linen-draper, to Mifs Lowe.— Mr. Alexander Goodall, to Mifs Ellen Sim- mons.—Mr. Holst, afliftant.mafter at the free grammar-{chool, to Mrs. Hatton. ~ Died.] At Mancherter, Mr. Lee Watfoa Seddon.—Mrs. Farr, wife of Mr. F.—Mr. Stanley, of Salford, upholfterer.—Mr. Peter Carter, house-painter.—-Mrs. Mellor, 7o.— Mr, Sam. Whitebead.—Mr. John Lowe, nephew to the late Mr. Thomas Kirkman.— Mr. Brocklehurft, cotton-merchant.—Mrs. Beever, wife of Mr. Jonathan B.—Mrs. Lane, wife of Mr. L. prinier, 22.—Mrs, Sevill.— The Rev. Nicholas Mofley Check, minifter of St. Stephen's, Salford, and'curate of Charl- ton.—Mrs. Woud, widow of Mr. Sam. W. tobacconif. At Stock, near Manchefter, Major Tho- mas Wilkinfon, of the Manchelfter volunteer infantry. Mr. John Lankford, of Ratcliffe-bridge, who had been a principal manager and en- gineer to Sir Robert Peel and Co. of Bury, for hearly twenty years, and had conducted ‘him- felfin fuch a manner as to gain the general efteem not only of his foe but of theie fervants, At Ligexpeols, Mr. Jeremiah Marfden, fon of Mr. Wm. M.—Mils Gregfon, 56—Mrs. Webfter, relict of Mr. Thos. W. 33.—Mrs. Appleton, wife of Mr. Thos. A. fail-maker. —Mr, Alexaader Gerdon, printer, 51.—Mr. John Minthull,:fargeon to the infirmary; a entleman much refpected both in his profef- fonal capacity and in private life.——Mirs. M. Halliwell, relict of Mr. R. H. formerly of Tower-hill, near Upholland, 98:—Mils Grice,—Mr, Nicholfon, 67.—Mr. Wm. Pow- nall, jun. eideft fon of Mr. Wm. P_—Mr, Thomas Lyon, 89.—Mrs. Abigail Huddle- fton, fiter of Thos. H. efy.—Mr. Richard Brelsford, hat-maker.—Mifs Roberts, daugh- ter of Mr. Robert R. merchant, 18.——Mrs. Angus, wife of Mr. Charles A. merchant — Mr. Benjamin F-etcher, druggift, 34.—-Mr- Hudfon, quarter mafter of che Liverpool light- horfe.—-Mr, Haac Ovens, attorney, 33, At Warrington, Mifs Wild. At Hutton, near Prefton, the Rev. Mr, Rowe, matter of the free cient and rector of Much Hoole. At Wigas, Mrs. Cowell, wife of Mr. Ni- cholas C, At Preiton, Thomas Greaves, efq. triniteer, and an alderman of that borough. At Prefcot, Mr. H, Foiter, 52. At Ormikirk, Mrs, Benjamin Brand, At Lanceficr, Mr. James Roberts, uphol itcrer 80 fterer and cabinet-maker, 70.—-Mr. Thomas Miller, merchant. ‘ At Halton Hall, near Lancafter, Mrs. Bradihaw, wife of W. B. efq. At Slyne, near Lancafter, Mrs. Peacock, wife of John P. efq. At Afhton Hall, Mr. Jofias Hoyle, 75, who had been in the fervice of the Duke of Hamilton upwards of thirty years. CHESHIRE. At Stockport the firft ftone was lately laid of a building intended to be erected by vo- luntary contributions, to be called the Stock- port Sunday School, and capable of holding goco fcholars. Three thoufand children educated at the Sunday fchools of that place, and an immenfe multitude of fpeétators at- tended on this occation. A mineral fpring has been difcovered in the fmall ifland of Hilbury, at the weftern extremity of this county, poffeffing the pow- erful efficacy of curing the rheumatifm, &c, The property of the fpring was accidentally difcovered by a refpeétable Welth farmer, who went to the ifland for the benefit of his health, and happening to wath his hands, much fwollen from rheumatic affeétions, in its waters,’ found immediate relief. Married.| At Nefton, Mr. Peter Handley. whitefmith, to Mifs Lee. At Chefter, Mr. Thos. Walker, fon of Mr. W. brazier, to Mifs Lightfoot, daughter of Mr. L. of Flooker’s-brook.—-Mr, Barlow, clock-maker, to Mifs Dutton. At Coreham, near Middleham, Mr. Ben- jamin Smith, an eminent jockey, to Mifs Alcock, of Tupgill. Died.] At Runcorn, of a pulmonary con- fumption, Mr. J. Orred. Suddenly, near Northwich, Mr, Robert Hayes. At Nefton, Mr. S. Brifcoe, of the Golden Lion inn. At Chefter, Mr. Paul, of the White Lion inn, to whom the public are much indebted for his fpirited and indefatigable exertions in the improvement of carriages, and for ren- dering travelling not only comfortable and eafy, but expeditious, in the very numerous concerns in which he was engaged. Nor was he lefs eftimable in private life, for the vi- gour of his underftanding was equalled only by the kindnefs of his heart.—-Mrs. Ruffell. —Mr. James Young, glover. Mr. Ifaac Goodier, lieutenant in the Trafford volunteers. At Welchpeol, Mr. John Williams, jun. attorney at law. 3 At Hawarden, Mr. H. Lee Thomas, father of Mr. T. druggift, of Chefter. At Kinderton Lodge, Mifs Trafford, eldeft daughter of Trafford T. efq. At Croxton, near Middiechurch, the Rev. J. Kent, of Nantwich, a man who, witha few eccentricities, poffeffed the efteem and veneration of many, and the refpeét of all thofe to whom he was really known, Asa Che/bire--Derlyfbire—Nottinghampire. a Ol ee en [Aug. 1, man, he was the friend of man, as . Chriftian, fincere and exemplary, and i ' a minifter, inceffantly attentive to the beft interefts of his charge. His miad was vigorous, his underftanding enlarged, his piety ardent, and his habits of life ftriétly economical, that his charities might be the more extenfive, DERBYSHIRE. At the annual thow of cattle of the Der- byfhire agricultural! and breeding fociety, held at Derby, the prizes were adjudged as follows:—To Mr Harvey, for the beft three fheaves, four guineas; to F. N.C. Mundy, efq. for the fecond beft, three guineas; to: Sir R. Wilmot, for the beft fhear hog ramy three guineas; to Mr. Hafkins, for the fe- | cond-beft ditto, two guineas; to Mr. T. | Jowett, for the beft two fhear ram, three guineas; and to the fame, for the fecond- beft, two guineas; to Mr.Smith, of Repton, for the beft hear hog wether, three guineas; to Mr. Harvey, for the fecond beft, two guineas; to Mr. Smith, of Foremark-park, for the beft two fhear wether, three guineas 5 to Sir R. Wilmot, for the fecond beft, two guineas ; to Edw. Coke, efg. for the beft two year old heifer, four geineas; to F. N. C. Mundy, efq. for the fecond-beft ditto, three guineas ; to Sir R. Wilmot, for the beft three year old ox, three guineas; to Mr. E. Cox, for the fecond-beft ditto, two guineas. The meeting was numeroufly and refpectably at- tended, and the ftock was allowed to he very good, Sir H.Harpurcomplimented the — meeting with the infpeétion of two handfome South Down theaves, and a fhear hog wee ther, bred and fed in Calke-park. i ae Married.} At Staveley, Charles Daintry, | efq. of Leek, Staffordfhire, to Mifs Bulkeley, of Staveley Forge. a At Derby, Mr. Emery, tanner, to Mifs — Cock. a At Baffington, Mr. William Waring, of — Afhborne, to Mifs Charlton, ; Died] At Crow-lane Houfe, near Dron- field, Mr. Thos. Lowe, 32. ( y At Alvafton, Mrs. Rebecca,Holmes, re- li& of Mr. John H. 53. ay At Buntingfield, Mr, William Colum- — bell, 54. . ; At Derby, feller, 44 ; Mr. James Wood, clerk of Didfburychurch; | whofe forefathers have been clerks fuccef= — fively at the fame church fince the beginning — of the reign of Queen Elizabeth. P NOTTINGHAMSHIRE. At the laft meeting of the Newark agri- cultural fociety, held at Southwell, the fol-— lowing premiums were adjudged:—To Mr. — Thos. Thorpe, of Clifton, for the beft long — wooled tup hog, five guineas; to Mr. J. Milward, Hockerton, for the next beft, three guineas; to Mr. G. Maltby, Hover- — ingham, for the four heft ewe hogs, five © guineas; to Mr. Henry Higgins, South — f Markham, bs Mr. Thomas Stenfon, book- | . ham, f@ the four next beft, three guineas; to Mr. Wm, Shacklock, South- ¥ , for the beft-bull fhewn, three guineas ; o Mr. John Birkitt, Southwell, for the be(t boar, two guineas; to Mr. Seth Hurt, 'Farnsfield, for the next belt, one guinea. _ Notwith{tanding the unwearied exertions of the committee appointed to arrange the lan for carrying into execution the ereétion new church in this town (fays the Not- am Journal), we are forry to obferve ir benevolent intentions have been en- y fruftrated, owing to the oppolition ex- nced from a quarter whence they hoped erive material affiftance ; and although te liberality of the public in contributing 9 the above purpofe has been exceedingly ‘ome, it is impoffible, for very urgent , to perfevere any farther towards the plifhment of this long wished-for un- ng, until difficulties which now prefs the meafure can be removed.” ied.| The Rev. Robert Lowe, of m, to Mifs Ellen Pynder, fecond daugh- r of the Rev. Reginald P. of Hadfar-houfe, forc fhire. At the feat of the Hon. Henry Sedley, Col. Francis Cunynghame, Jate of the ream Guards, to Mifs Jane Whiteford, geft daughter of the late Sir John W. : Nottingham, Mr. Robert James, hofier, o Mifs Berridge, daughter of Mr. B. a in the fame houfe, Newark, Mr. John Ridge, bookfeller, 3 Hilton. Fr ] At Nottingham, Mr. Samuel Teal- ys late grocer of New Radford —Mr. George ris, of the Reindeer public-houfe.— . Elizabeth Smith, 55; her death was My fudden. She had attended divine vice at the baptift meeting-houfe, and on ming out of the chapel, was feized with a inefs, and expired in the flreet —Mifs tah Beardfley, daughter of Mr. Jofeph B. =—Mrs. Rifaale, wife of Mr. R. baker. fr Harrifon, a reputable grazicr and - “ns ' horpe, near Newark, Mr. J. Morley. entworth, Mr. Richard Baffert, 61. ewark, Captain Staples. While ‘a game at cards he was feized with ” plectic fit, and expired in a few mi- S| * f LINCOLNSHIRE. @ meeting lately held at Alford, it was d, that a navigable canal frem Alford, jurgh, to Wainfleet Haven, ~would be of utmoft utility and advantage, not only © Owners and occupiers of eftates in the y of the propofed line of navigation, to the country at large, the outfall favourable in the extreme, and there he im excellent harbour at fea; provided ‘Water can be {pared from the navigation ty feefons, for the benefit of cattle, and Jury is done to the drainage of the ade MONTHLY Mac. No. 732. é . Lincolafbire—Leicefter [hires ~ 81 jacent country. A level and furvey of the intended navigation, and an eftimare of the probable expences were ordered to be pre- pared. Among the improvements daily making in this county, thofe in the town of Horncaftle are not the leaft confpicuous, The ground is now clearing for the ereétion of a new butchery in that place; the old ftanding js to be taken down, and a corn-market built. This and other improvements in agi- tation will confiderably amend the appear- ance of that opulent and fpirited town. Married.) At Ingham, near Spittal, Mr. Jofeph Mawer, draper, of Lincoln, to Mifs Wakefield. At Louth, Mr. Nelfor, brazier, to Mifs Efberger. At Welby, near Grantham, the Rev. J. Grover, curate of Firmingby, Notts, to Mits Chefter, of Welby. At Lincoln, Mr. Robert Turner, to Mrs. Kew. Died.] At Carlton Scroop, near Grantham, the Rev. J ha Darwin, M. A. reétor of that place, 77. He was brother to the late ce- lebrated Dr. D, At Louth, Mr. Fenwick, 70.—Mrs. Har- rifon, wife of Mr. James H. At Lincoln, Mrs. Squires, a maiden lady.’ —Mafter Robert Camm, only fon of Mr John C. 11.—-Mr.Mackennis,an eminent merchant, §8.—Mr. Henry Walker, furveyor of turn- pike-roads, 75. At Raithby, near Spilfby, Mr. Edw. Jack- fon, farmer. At Partney, Mrs. May, widow. At Buckminfter, Mr. jofeph Bartram. At Gainfborough, Mrs, Chafer,- wife of Mr. ©. publican, 42. At Stamford, Mr. Thomas Lowe, maltfter, and an alderman of the corporation, 55. He ferved the office of mayor in 1800.—Mrs. Pretty, wife of Mr. P. tanner, of Morcot,’ Rutland. At South Somercotes, near Louth, Mrs. Wett, 69. LEICESTERSHIRE. The beginning of June the young gentle- men at Lutterworth-fchool went through their examiaations with great honour to themfelves and credit to their teacher, The prizes were determined as follow :—a filver pen to Matter H. Goddard; a geographical guide to Mafter H. Quilter, both of Lei- cefter, Married] At Hinckley, the Rev J. Renals, of Wellingbro’, Northampconihire, to Mifs Scott, daughter of the late Rev. Jo- feph Scott, of the apove place. At Frifby on the Wreake, Mr. Chettle, of Narborough, to Mifs Hickling. At Leicefter, Mr, Wm. Aftle, ta Mrs, Clarke,—Mr, Cornelius Hill, to Mifs Sarale Dyfon.—Mr. S. Davis, fon of the Rev. Mr, D. of Great Wigfton, to Mifs Marthall. Mr, ne Thornton, cutrier, of Hinckley, te 82 to Mifs Ann Burbidge, daughter of Mr. Al- derman B. of Leicefter. At Turlangron, Mr. Goodman, of Wi- thington, to Mifs Tailby. At Breedon, Mr. Gervas Bourne, of Bram- cote, Nottinghamfhire, to Mifs Clarkfon. Died.| At Leicefter, Mr. Dove, hofier. —Mr. Belfon, cooper.— Mr:. Dumelow, wife of Mr. Jofeph D go,—Mrs. King, mother of John K. efg. 65, At Humberltone, Mr. Bithop, miller. His death was occafioned by drinking a quantity of cold water while at, work ina field.a few days before. At Blaby, Mr. Tob Clarke, a refpetable * farmer. STAFFORDSHIRE. Married.] At Madeley, Samuel Tompfon, efq. of Caftle-green, to Mifs Pitt, of Wol- yerhampton. At Armitage, near Lichfield, Mr. Thomas Blakemore, of Litchfield, to Mifs Eliz. egler, of Armitage Hall. At Wallfall, the Rev. W.B. Collis, of Cannock, to Mifs Elliot, of Befcott Hall. Ac Stone, Mr, Beech, “of Tittenfor, to Mifs Emery. Died.| At Litchfield, 68, Mrs. Thorp, wife of the Rev. Robert Thorp, late of Buxton, and eldeft daughter of the late Rev. Dr. Ditney, of Pontefratt ; who for nearly the latt thirty years of her life was rendered totally helplefs by the rheumatic gout, the pain of which fhe fuftaineo with exemplary piety and truly Chriftian refignation, At Brofelvy, Mrs. Boden, wife of Mr. B, furgeon. At Preftwood, the Hon. Mrs, Foley, relict of the late Hon Edward F of Stoke Eoith, Herefordthire, and M. P. for the county of Worcelter, by whom the has left three fons, the eldett in his rgth year, and two daugh- ters. In thofe virtues which form and cig- nify the female character, fhe was an illuf- trious example; her attention to the duties conne@ted with her fituation in life, and her family eftablifhment, was unremitred; her condu& difcreet, wife, and judicious. The accomplifhments of her mind were heighten- ed by her love of literature: her reading was extenfive, her tafte elegant. In the fuperintendance of the education of her chil- dren, fhe exh. bited the moit laudable anxiety: her time and her talents feemed devoted to their improvement, and while the greateft pains were taken to teach them the rudi- ments of knowledge, fhe was moft anxious to initil into cheir tender mings, by example and precept, the principles of piety and virtue, She was in her 4gth year. WARWICKSHIRE. Married.| At Birmingham, Mr. Renjamin Sitch, to Mifs Elizabeth Fletcher, eldett daughter of Mr. Thomas F. of Marfton- green.—Ms. J. Smith, draper, to Mifs Roper. Staffordfire—Warwickpire—Shrop fire. [Aug, 1, D —Mr. Wm. Broadhurft,: of Deritend, te Mifs Hannah Pratt. : _ Mr. John Smith, of Hints, to Mifs Mary | Cooke, of Shenftone. 5) At Harborne, Mr. Thos. Walker, to Mifg ?| Sarah Brettle, both of Birmingham.—Mr, — Oliver, factor, of Birmingham, to Mifa — Jackfon, | At Warwick, Mr. John Langley, of Lch- — field, to Mifs Mary Palmer, of Rady ay. | At Handiworth, Mr Wm. Taylor, to © Mifs Sarah Aufter, both of Birmingham. Died.| At Birmingham, Mr. James Tome lins, of the firm of Gibfon, Shore, and Tomlins, iron and fteel merchants.—-Mr. — Capenhurft, toy-maker.—Mr. Samuel Male, ~ of the Bull’s Head tavern.—Mrs. Baylifs, wife of Mr. Wm. B.—Mifs Matilda Afh-— ford, youngeft daughter of the late Mr, Charles A.—Mifs Anna Maria Johnfon, — daughter of Mr. F. Johnfon—Mr. Johan Brown, cooper.—Mrs. Solomon Wilks, buil- + der. i” At Kenilworth, Mr, Betty, a farmer. | At Camphill, Mr. Samucl Colmore, fore — merly an eminent plater of Birmingham, but who had retired trom bufineds. fl At Handfworth, Thomas Underhill, efg. —Mr. Edward Bird, late of Liverpool. Y At Athted, Mr, Edward Simms. At Coventry, Mrs. Foden, dealer in foe reign fpirits. At Birmingham-heath, Mr. John Hawker. At Oldbury, Mrs. Short, widow of Mr 3 Samuel 3. At Sheldon, Mrs. Willinger, wife of the Rev. P. W. Willinger i SHROPSHIRE. d Married] At Sirewlbury, Mr. Bickerton, — of. Newton on the Hid, to Mils Barron, — daughter of Mrs. Barron, of Cotton-hii] — — Mr. Bratton, to Mils Birch, daughter of — Mr. B, fadier. At Ludlow, Mr. Roberts, fadler, to Mifs Jane Preece, _At Wiunllow, Mr. Thos, Wall, of Stanton Lacey, to Miis Wilkes, late of Lawton hill, At Church Stretton, Mr. Northwood, aged 75, to Mrs. Evans, 60. Died.] At Ludlow, Charles Johnttone, efq. only brother of sir R. B. Johnitone, bart. of Hacknefs, Yorkthire, and half bro-_ ther to the Marquis of Annandale.—Mrs, Whitney, of th- Angel-inn.—Mr. Ingram, clothier ana meicer.—Mrs. baugh, At Shrewfbury, Mr. Francis Dicken, fe« verai years ferjeanc of the Court of Re- — quefts, 85. Mrs. Jones, of Powen’s Hall, near Han- mer. She was returning from Whitchuich®. market on horfeback, behina her nephews when the animai too fright, and the fell, by which accident her fkull was fo much fia@turea, as to caufe almott inftaut death. Ae refpe@table — i 1805. t Welthpocl, Mr. John Williams, jon. torney. At Pontefbury, Mr. Brazenor, father of ‘the Bank- houfe, Church Stretton, Mrs. reli&t of Mr. O. of Woolafcot. At Welbatch. Gy Martha Hughes, third d a of Mr. A “4 Bwhitchurch; Mrs. Sarah Hand, 70.— Thos. ‘Hoghes, maltter, 38.—Mr. Bar- WORCESTERSHIRE. larried ] At Hartlebury, Mr. Green, ; pat Rarriet’s Farm, Malvern, to Mifs vetham, — Birch, efg. to Mifs La- , daughter of John b efq. At Eckington, Mr. John Chandler Checke is, to Mifs Elizabeth Wilfon, of Perfhore, doughter of the late Robert W. efq. Worcefier, Mr. Smith, jun. of Ped- _to Mifs Stephens. 4] At Overbury, Mrs. Whitcombe, fF Mr. W. ham, Mr. John Davis, a refpeétable Worcefter, Mr. Hope, of the Three } , Perfhore. —Mrs, Anne Redding, wife Thomas Redding. Upton, Mrs. Beale, wife of Samuel B. idow of Mr. H. chandler. Bredon, John Darke, efq. one of tKe ices of the peace for this county. «HEREFORDSHIRE. he meeting of the Hereford Agricultural » which lately took place at Leomin- vas very numeroufly attended. The Barter of ftock were, Mr. Wil- ‘of Thingehill, who fhewed the bet heifer ; Mr. Redward, of Wefthide, beft fine woolled ram ; ie Moore, of igton, the beft boar ; 3 and Mr. Tho- Clee Downton, the bef three years rom Ledbury to Gloucefter, for the of 3 avoiding the Sand Hills. At Derndale, Mr. R. Wood- nerchant, of Liverpool, to Mifs Jay. itley, the Rev, Mr. Biffel, to Mifs Painfwick, Mr. Thomas Beard, whole~ -dealer, of London, to Mifs Hogg. e.| At Kington, Mrs. Joan Lilwall, 7 ? Brittas- -green, near Leomintter, Me h Berrington, veterinary furgeon At Fequett of the Hereforcthire Agricultural y. he had juft eftablithed himfelf in this ty | and, by the natural goodnefs cf his t had ‘gained the efteem of an extenfive 1 friends, when the hand of death fud- y {matched him away, dereford, Mrs. Powle, 86, who fora ber of years kepe a {chool io that city.— x Worccfterfoire— Her fordpire—G lucefter fire. eckenham, Mrs. Olives.—Mrs. Har-. 83 This venerable matron inftilled the firft ru- diments of inftruétion into the tender minds of three generations of one family, natives of Hereford. , At Leominftter, Mr Robert Haylings, cur- rier and maltiter, 83. ~—Mr. John Coates, tanner, GLOUCESTERSHIRE. Married.| Samuel Marindin, efq. of Edg- _ bafton Priory, Warwickthire, to Mifs Cathe- rine Louifa Webb, third daughter of Samuel W. efq. of Henbury. At Lidney, the Rev. Francis Homfray, of Arvington, to Mifs Harriet Homfray, eldeft daughter of Jefton H. efg. of Broad Waters, Worcefterthire. Mr. Nelmes, farmer, of Durfl-v, to Mifé Elizabeth Phillimere, of Slimbridge. At Cheltenham, Mr. Watts, of Bath, to Mifs Battin. Mr. W. Holloway, of Yate, to Mifs E. Col, daughter of Mr William C. of che Parks, near Chipping Sodbury. Mr. John Jones, of New Park, to Mifs Hewett, of Hill, near Berkeley. Died.| At Farmington Lodge, Mifs Dols Phin, 33. At Moreton in the Marth, Mifs Mifter. At Mitcheldean, Mr, F, A. Holder, fur- geon, At New Farm, near Setbury, Mrs. nara er, mother of Mr. D. W, At Cheltenham, Mr. John Smith, of the Fleece inn. At Avening, near Minchinhampton, Tho- mas Clutterbuck, efq. father of Daniel C. efg. banker, of Bath, 96. At Dymock, Mifs Seabright, milliner, of Gloucetter. At Iron A@on, Mifs Fanny Wickham, in confequence of a diforder in her - throat, which prevented ‘her from taking any nou- tifhment, fo that the was literally famifhed. At Sidington, near Cirencefter, the Rev. William Matthews, vicar of Chaddefley Core bett. At Gloucefter, John Pitt, efq: M.P. for that city, 78. As amemberof the Houfe of Commons, he was, while health permitted, moft regular in his attendance. Uninfluenced by any private or feltith views, his parlia- mentary duties were difcharged with fidelity 5 nor did he ever, ina fingle inftance, depart from thofe honeft and iacependent principles which he had adopted as the rule of his con- du. The fame probity guided him inevery tranfaétion of private life. Attached to the place in which he always lived, his leading obje& was to make himielf a ufeful member of fociety, Asa landlord, he was kind and indulgent 3 and fo difinterefted was his for- bearance towards his tenants, that it was a rule with him, from which he never deviate ed, on no occafion to raife his rents Few, ‘verging 10 the extreme period of human life, ever i wie fuch ferenity Of temper: he feemed 84 feemed to cultivate cheerfulnefs as a duty ; and fuch was the energy of his mind, that, during his long confinement, no complaint nor murmur Was ever heard to efcape him.— He thus met the flow approach of diffolution with that fortitude which is infpired by an approving confcience and the animating hope of immortality.—Mrs. Keck, widow of Mr. K. a celebrated archite&t of Kingftanley.— Mr. Henry Phillips, of the Mafon’s Arms. OXFORDSHIRE, Died] At Horfepath, Mrs. Eliz. Kim- ber, 74. At Iflip, near Oxford, Mrs. S. Lewfley, wife of Mr. L. At Oxford, Mr. James Ofborne, fadler and harnefs-maker.—Mrs, E. Beit, widow of Mr, John B. many years mafter of the Crofs Keys public houfe.—Mr. J. B. Neale, under-gra- duate of Pembroke College. He was going down in a failing boat, accompanied by a lad from the boat houfe, when he was croffed by another boat, thruft by the bowfprit into the water, and drowned, a little below Chrift Church meadow, He had been warned of the danger by a gentleman in the other boat, who inftantly jumped into the river and en- deavoured to fave him. ‘This unhappy event is only ‘to be attributed to Mr. Neale’s want of kill in the management of a fail boat. He was nineteen years of age, a good claflical oars: of an amiable temper, and pure mo- rals. At Glympton Park, Mifs Wheate, third daughter of the late Sir Thomas W. bart. of Lechlade, Gloucefterhhire. BEDFORDSHIRE. On Monday the 17th of June, the Duke of Redford’s Agricultural Fete commenced by a public breakfaft at Woburn Abbey, and about eleven o'clock the company arrived at the Exhibition Room at the Park Farm. The greater part of the morning was occupied by examination of the new Leiceiter rams, which had been juft thorn, and their fleeces hung up » round the room for the infpeStion of the gen- tlemen prefent. Mr. Toilet thewed {peci- mens of wool fifteen inches long, of a fuffici- ent finenefs for the beft broad cloths, taken from the back of a wether-theep, half Spa- nifh and half Southdown, on which it had been growing three years; and Mr. Tollec ftated, that he can grow fine wool of almoft any length, by delaying the fhearing of this breed of fheep for a proportionable time. Mr. Cowley, of Afpley Guife, exhibited = p!an of @ water meadow, which he hias recently con- ftru€ted at that place, {aid to be the firft at- tempt at irrigation by a Bedfordfhire farmer. Mr. Taylor, froma the Society of Arts, pro- duced a pair of fhears, for which a reward had been given to Captain Miller by that fo- ciety. The particulars of the premiums offered by the Smithfield Club, for December next, were ftuck up. On returning, after Oxfordfire—Bedfordfrire. q [ Aug. 1, dinner, to the farm yard, four lots, confifiir of five Leicefter fheep each, were fold, viz. five ewes to Lord Somerville, at fifteen gui- neas; five ditto to Lord Caweor, at ninetee guineas and a half 5 five theaves to Lord Se merville, at fourteen guineas ; and five dit a to ditto for eighteen guineas, In the courfe of the day, Francis Sitwell, efq. M.P iflued particulars, and gave general invitstions his Barmoor Sheep Show, near Berwick, om the rit of July. Mr. Coke, of Norfolk joined the company after dinner. On Tucf day, after breakfaft, an adjourned meeting of the Smithfield Club was held at Wo- burn Abbey, when it was refolved th the future number of the members fhall unliniced The next bufinefs was to view the fat wethers, exhibited in their wool, at the ftables near the Abbey, by the canuidates for his Grace"s two prizes, of which Lord Sow merviJe, Richard Athley, and William Chapman, of Fleet-itreet, were appointed the: judges. Soon after eleven, the company af. j fembled at the farm-yard, and the Southdowa) tups, intended to be let on Wednefday evene ing, were fhown to the company ; after which, feveral Hereford and Devon cattle, intended for fale that evening, were exhibit- ed and examined. Before dinner his Grace, and a large party of his noble vifiters, took a ride to Crawley Heath, to view the drillin 7 of fome turnips; and, foon after three | o’clock, as many perfons as the two fpacious rooms could accommodate fat down to an ele- gant dinner. As foon as the company ha retired tothe Exhibition Room,.the letting @ the Leicefter tups commenceé, and the bufi nefs of the day concluded by the fale of fome cattle Wednefday proved avery buly day with this highly interefing meeting. The firft matter which called for the attention a the company in general at the Abbey, w. the exhibition of the carcafes of the fat we= thers which had been examined alive on the preceding day. The company then repsire 4 toa field on Crawley Heath, where they were joined by a large concourfe of the neighbouring farmers. Eight patches, half an acre each, had previoufly been inarke ed out ; and, after the neceffary prelimina= ries had been fettled by Lord Somerville and other gentlemen who had been appointed judges, a ploughing march took place be tween eight ploughs. The implements ex. hibited for his Grace’s premiums were next examined by the company. Mr. W. Dickins fhewed a watering cart made for watering» drilled crops of any kind, by means of fix leathern pipes affixed to it ; W. Shepherd, a clover feed thrafher, and a plough ; Mr, | Noon, the joint fcythe, which he laid a fe | weeks ago before the Society of Arts ; Mr. Jj. Eifex, f{pecimens of his mats, or rather cufhions, made of wool, for a variety of pu pofes. Inthe evening the Southdown tups wese let; and the day clofed with a fale a tb. 1805.) b; sep an‘ cattle. The bufinefs of Thurfday enced by 4 fecond fhow of Leicefter 5 after which a thow of Hereford and evon took place. About three the com- y repaired to the Abbey, and partook of a “very excellent dinner. After dinner his race proceeded to open the fealed adjudica- ‘of the judges appointed, the filver cups he different premiums, fix in number, “gon thetable before him. The fiiit ad- ication was that of acup, value ten gui- » for the beft two thear fat wethers, and ther cup of the fame value for the beft of three theaves, bred in Bedfordfhire, to olin P, Moore. The next adjud.cation that of a cup, value five guineas, to Mr. Circuit, for the fecond belt pen of three es bred in Bedfordthire ; aiid a cup, five guineas, to C. Weftern, efg- for s beft boar. Several other minor premi- ms were difpofed of, and the meeting termi- ited by the letting of Leicefter tups from en to fifty guineas each. ‘The premiums d tor this year dre the fame as the laft. NORTHAMPTONSHIPFE, Married.] Vhe Rev. Samuel Elefdale, § fellow of Lincoln College, Oxford, to Cathe- - fecond daughter of the Rev. Jenkin Jen- kins, of Brauntton. "Mr. Clapham, furgeon, of Thorney, near Peterbocough, to Mils Prieitley, of Buckden’ nts. » At Kettering, Robert Salmon, efg. of Weekley, captain of the Boughton velun- teers, to Milfs Keep. . Ar Daventry, Mr. Cox, artift, to Mifs E. 4 _ Cooper. be ‘Mr. William Geary, farmer, of Ringftead, ¥ to Mifs D. Weed, of Aldwinkle. __ Died.} At Northampton, John William Wye, efq. eldett fon of the late John W. ~ efg. About the year 1790 he was appointed to the medical department of the Eatt India Company on the Bombay eftablishment, and, ) from the high opinion entertained by the _ Government of that prefidency of his abili- ties, his conciliating manners, and the know- edge he had acquired of the Malabar lan- ey he was appointed one of the judges collectors of the then newly-ceded coun- On that coatt; a fituation which he led with the highe% credit to himfelf and j fatisfadiion to his employers. A continua- tion of ill health prevented his return to In- dia, ana at length clofed his temporal pro- bpeéts.—At the fame place, Mrs. Cornfield. - At Neithrop, near Banbury, Mrs. Golby, widow of Mr. G. gardener and feedfman. At Long Buckby, Mrs. Cure, 61. At Peterborough, Mr. Edward Sharman, flatuary and mafon. > {ae ie CAMBRIDGESAIRE. ‘The agriculturifts in this and other coun- ties are profecuting with fuccefs a fyf&em of _ Clearing bean lands by means of a flock of fheep, which, when turned in, deitroy the Z 2 ea Northamptonfoire—Cambridzefhire—Norfulk. 85 weeds, without in the leaft injuring the beans, by which the heavy expence of hoe- ing is in a great meafure prevented, and the land improved. . Married.| At Cambridge, Mr., Newton Bofworth, to Mils Catherine Paul, daughter of Mr. John Paul, ironmunger. Mr. Thimbleby, of Ramicy Fen, to Mifs Ann Biowne, daughter cf Mr. John B. of Earith. Died.] At Fulborn, Mrs. Furbank, wife of Mr. William F. At Willingham, Mr. John White, farmer, 69.—Mr. John Graves. At Sutton in the Ife, Mr. William Up- fher, 77. At Comberton, Mr. William Hart, 67. At Cambridge, James Hovell, efq. barrif- ter, formeriy of Downham, Norfolk.—Mrs. Raye, wife of Mr. Lucas R. plumber and gla~ zier.—Mr. Robert Colley, a travelling linen- draper, well known in this part of the kinge dom, ¢3- NORFOLK. Holkham annual fheep thearing commenced on Monday, the 24th. of June, and was at- tended by his Grace the Duke of Bedford, Lord Willam Ruffell, Earl of Winchelfea, and other diftinguifhed breeders and agricultu= rifts. The bufisefs commenced by viewing two drill machines at work, which depofited rape cake reduced to powder, and turnip feed, in the fame drills; by this plan one ton of rape cake wil] manure from five to fix acres, The’ company then went to Longlands, where Mr, Ball’s tour-horie, and alfo a two-horfe threth- ing machine were exhibited at work; the prize boars and rams examined, and the Lei- ceiter tups fhewn. After dinner the company returned to Longlands, when the Leicefter tups were let at trom ten fo iilty guineas each. Three pens of Leicetter ewes, five each, were fold at fixteen guineas, twenty guineas, and twenty-five guineas ; and thus the bufinefs of the day concluded. On Tuefday morning an improved Norfolk plough, invented by Mr. Balls, of Holt, was fhewn at work The Rev. Thomas Crowe Munnings had previoufly exhi- bited to the party at the Hallavery neat and ingenious model of a dibbling machine, made by a young man in the neighvouthood. After viewing the clipping, the company proceeded to examine a new machine in agriculture, in= vented by Mr. Burrell, of Thetford, for mow- ing corn by a horfe; there being no rye in the neighbourhood, nor any other corn torward enough to give it a fair trial, it was agreed to” make an experiment onfome fanfoin, wh.ch it cut and laid in a row in a very complete man- ner, to the furprife of the numerous gentlemen prefent, who were perfectly fatisfied with tts performance, and were of opinion that much ot the iaborious part of harveft may, 1n time, be done by thefe horfe machines. The prize wethers and theaves were then examined, and South-down tups fhewn. The party having been entertained at dinner as on the Monday, retired about fix to the th wfes and yard, where ten pens of South-down ewes, of ten each, were fold at from twenty to thirty-one " guineas é6 guineas each. “They then rode to Longlands, where the Southdown tups were let at from fifteen to forty guineas each. Wednefday com- menced wiih a view of the fat carcafes of the flaughter-houle. A three fear Leicefter we- ther, of Mr. Coke’s weighed 13%. afb 5 and the following prize fheep, viz. Mr. Money’s Leiceiter wether, git. 13lb-; Mr. Parfley’s ditto, ft. atlb.; Mr. burdy’s Down, 8ft- Bib. ; Mr. George’s diuo, 8ft. 121b ; Mr. Blyth’s ditto, gf glib, On the arrival of the party at Longlands, a fcuffler was exhibited by Mr. Clark, and a driil, on an improved principle, by Mefirs. Wilion and Siandifh, of Lynn: this machine depofiied rape-duft and turnip- feed in a very complete and regular matner, the quantity of which, as well as of feed-corn, is regulated by a fcrew enclofed in a box, which being locked, the mam who works the machine can make no alteration. After the trial of theie experimenis, the company re- turned to Mr. Wright's barn, when Mr. Ball’s threfhing machine, which on the preceding way had wheat only to threth, was now tried ona load os barley. The thrething of this grain being particularly interefting to the Nor- telk gentlemen, they, were highly gratified with fecurg it done Lo very clean and falt. A threfh- ing machine in the fame barn, erected by Mri Wigiul, alfa threthed fome wheat, but no bar- ley. Altex dinner this day the prize cups were placed om the table betore Mr Coke, who in- formed the company of the adjudication of the prizes, The prize for the bett Leicetter wether was delivered'to Mr Charles Money ; that for the belt South Down to Mr. Geo ge, of Duntf= yon; on delivering of which Mr. Coke expref- ted great fatista¢tion that one at leaft of the prizes was goyng into Kaft Norfolk ; Mr. Blyth yeceived the prize for the fecond South Down wether;, Mr, Vuckiey for the beft Leicefter tup; and My. Overman for the heit South Bown, tup; Mr. Oakes for the befi boar; Mr. Reeve for having irrigated the greateft quantity ef meadaw,and in the beft manner. The company now retired to the cow-houfes, where the long horned catile of Mr. Fuller’s breed were fold, Suffoik. the yearlings at from feven to thirteen guineas . and a halt; two-year olds, trom feven guineas and a half to fixteen gaineas and a hai\ ; cows, with calves by their fides, at from feventcen fuineas and a halt to thirty feven guineas; cows, not in milk, at from feventeen guineas to thirty-four gumeus ; a four-year old bull at. thirty four guineas ; and a two year old? ditto at cleven gumeas and a half; a yearling Devonfhire bull was alfo fold tor eight guineas. Mr. Conk exhibited at the hall a mode!.of his threfhing-mull. which was much approved. Mr. Voilet, of Strafford- thire, thewed two Merino rams, the wool of which was exquifiiely tine; he alfo fhewed a three-year old wether, of the crofs between the ‘erino and South Down, which had never been fhotn ; this theep had retamed its wool, which, though very tine, was of great length ; but it was the opiviou.of fome eminent gentle - men prelent, in the wool wade, that its great length rendered it unfit for the purpoles to w ich fine wool was ufually applied, and that therelure it.was worth lets than if it were . - [Aug. 1, fhorter- It feemed to be the prevailing opi- nion, that fhort wool would this year be worth gl. res. per todd; fome, indeed, talked of even a higher price. The company dilperied highly delighted with this entertaining and in= ftimcuve agricultural treat, and the reception they had met wich from their venerated holt. > Mr. &. Lindley, of Catton, in the courfe -o! fome, jusiciou: oblervations on the fuperi ¥ exceilence ot the Swedith turnip, has given an account ot a fucce‘stul experiment made by him, in order to alcertain how fer that highly ufeful plant roay be preferved from the ravages of the fly: the refult of which was, that by fowing four pounds per acre ot Salmon radith feed, with the turnip feed, the crop was completely pre- ferved; the flies always preiérring the radiih to the turiiip plaat. Mer Married.) T. Vipan, efq. of Thetford, to Mifs Jennings, of Harpenden, Herts. Mr. Corby, land-furyeyor, of Kirftead, to Mits Mary Ann johnton, fecond daughter of Mrs. J. ot Kirttead Hail, At Noriolk, Mr. Edward Watfon, to Mifs Apo Crane, ; Licutenant Smith, of the navy, to Mifs Mar- tha Farthing, fecond daughter of Mr. F. mers chant, of Blakeney. z At Lynn, Mr. Ly W. Jarvis, to MilsWhine cop. a Yarmowh, Mr. ‘T. Crifp, plumber and glazier, to Mils Vownfhend. Dicd.| AcHolt, Mrs. Sarah Parrant, wife of Mr. V. late of Foulfham, 53. At Suffield, Mrs. Swan, 82, and her fon Mr +. Swan, 39. f At Thartton Mills, Mrs. Parfley, wife of MirwPs 67. ; ‘ At Carlton, Mrs. Rudd, wife of Mr. Jofeph R. farmer, 83. At Waltingham, Mrs. S. S. Leeder, wife of Robert L. gent. late of Eaft Dereham, At Tottington, Mr. Wiffen. Ac Potter Heigham, Mr. ¥:illidm Bower, farmer, 75 At Haynford, Mr Vfaiah Seib, 28. At HMorsford, Mr. Mauhew Catchpole, a rejpectable farmer. Ac Norwich, Mr. Matthew King, clerk to the Expedition coach, 37-—-Mr. Johafon Dix- on, fen. of the common council, and itamp-. ditributor for the borough of Lynn, 53 —Mre Benjamin Jackfon, o7.—Mrs Cotton, of the White Hart inn, 71 —Mr Matthew Howard, 34 —Mr. James Halihide, 77-—Of a rapid decline, Mr, Edward Gooch, eldeft fon of the late Mr. G. ot G:mingham, and pupil of Mr. Martineau, furgeon, 19 At Yarmouth, Mrs. Mary Haylett, 35. SUFFOLK. Married | At Great Saxham, !ohn William Nicks, efg. of bath, to Mus S. Mills, eldeit daughter of Thomas Mulls, efq. of Great Sax- haiu-ball. i Mr. William Ray, to Mifs Lydia Clayton, both of ‘Lannington. . Mr. Witham Harmer, of Bury, to Mifs. Colman, vf Athwelthorp, Norfolk. ry Codd, Died | At Mendieiham, Mrs, Ma fhopkeeper. . 1805.) _ At Fornham, near Bury, Mr. Dagiel Pen- e, Jong a faithful fervant to the Rev, Dr. » Ord. \ ' At Satterley, Mrs. Wattling, relit of Mr. : Wattling, 85. Ab Thorpe. hall, Mr. John, Mumford. _ At Burweli, Mr. Nathan Balls, 52, At Iptwich, Mr. William Baldry, honfe- ‘ painter: —Mir. John Goonies one of the common council, 64. Spee. At Trinley, Mr. J. toned late of Wood- a bridge, 62. G _ At Henny Faslopanes Effex, Mrs. Nesfield, — hambrook. j WE Bury, Mrs. Fitch, widow. At Reditham, Mrs. Sewell, wife of Mr. ‘ seni, farmer, 42. a. Sud dear the ere Tames Palmer, rec- wen, a of Clare. ; ESSEX. Married} Mr. Edward Harvey, of Nay- nd, to Mifs Athtord, fecons daughter of Mr. Afford, of Colchester. ‘e At Great Waltham, Mr. Thomas Mar‘hall, jun. of Chelmsford, to Mits M. A. Devonith. _ At Maldon, Mr. Thomas Puplett, fenior, f Parleigh, to Milfs Jane Hurnard, of Chelmstord. | Died.| At Chelmsford, Thomas Child, efq. ale of Colchetter, and tormerly his majefty’s atturney-general in America, 85, At Billericay, Mr, William Kent, 71. At Belle-houfe, Stanford-rivers, Mrs. th Thompton. t Little Stambridge, Mr. Durrant, fa arsuer, 23. ; At Rochford, Mr. Thomas Colebear, Elizabeth Shuttle- Shuttle- AL Maldon-hall, Mifs worth. eldett daughter of Mrs. worth. 7 Colchetter, the eldeft fon of Mr. James Rev. Jobn Salt Lovat, twenty-feven ector of Loughton. t Baft Hanning-field, in the prime of t. Henry Finch, farmer. He went is fields in full health, and having while ¢, acall of nature, received a fting in the panich he at firt imagined to be cauled Yhe wound, however, was loon id with thofe fymptoms that proved it the bite af an adder, and which ter- j KENT. Marriea id} Mr. Liudridge, of Herne, to rs. Dyaton, of Canterbury. At Afiford, Mr. Walter lurgeon, of Dover, ‘Mils Pope of Afhtord. Edward Owen, gent. furgeon of the royal Efjex—Kent—Surry. ife ot the Rey. William Nestield, of Wick- : §7 navy, to Mifs Parnell, of Petham, near Can- tel bury, At Wye, Mr. George Crump, of Sund- wich, to Mifs E. V idgen. Died | At Reweu-niks) John Wrainch, ef. At Aihford, Captain David Bettoa, of the firt Welt York militia. At Stapleburft, Mr. William Cheefeman, farmer, 76. _ At Seal, Mr. Edward Pine. At Ramfgate, Jolu Hooper, efq. timbers merchant. At Folkftone, Mrs. Major. wife of Mr. Thomas Major, grocer, 29 —Mrs. Munk, At Canterbury, Mr. John Springgett, 64— William, Webitee Sankey, efg.—Miis Anne Breton, youngett daughter of Mc. Whitteld Breton, 18.—IJhe intant fon of the Rev. Philip le Geyt—Mr. Matthew Miette, wool- . comber. At Milton, Mr. Jacob Tawfon, of the White-hart public-houfe. At Tenterden, Mr. Thomas Cloake, 73. At St. Margaret's at Ciule, Mr. Stephen Sayer, 80. - {n London, Mrs. Collens, wife of Mr William Collens, timber-iwerchant, ot Brench- ley. "Ke Bradborn-place, John Lane, efq cap= tain of the Holmefdale volunteers. At Chatham, Mrs. Jetiery, wife of Mar. William Jeifery, folicitor.—Mrs. Blundane wife of ferjeant Blunden. —Mr. Cruikthank, mafter’s mate of the Son adicea trigate, by falling overboard. At Margate, Mr. Thomas Harns, builder and carpenter. At Greenwich, Mifs M. F. Hilton, only daughter of Juon Hilton, e!q. of Sueldwich. , At Rochefter, Mrs, Baker, wiie of Mr. Baker, draper, 25. At Madiione near Ramfgate, Mrs. Peake, wite of Mr. Peake. At Dymchurch, Mrs. Judith Claringbold, of the Rote-inn. At Braborne, Mr. T. Chaplin, fenior, 80. at Woolwich, fuddenly, licutenant- -general, Drummond, of the royal regiuent of artinery» and aid-de-caip to his maye.y, 77. He was teized with a paralytic ftroke, when ou butis, nels in the arienal aud never ipoke aitey- wards. At Eaft Peckham, Mr, Walter (2 farmer, 71. At Maidftone, fuddenly, Mrs. Dusky SURKY. Died.] At Chertiey, the Rev. Peter Cine ningham, officiating uinuter of that prof. He was at dumec with the Cherttey Prieudly. Society, to whom be had been in the ihabet; ot delivermy an annual difcourle for feverak years, aud while fitting at table, fell back im his chair, and though imedical aflittauce was immediately procured, he expiwed. a tew minutes after being conveyed to hus lod ings. He was the fon of an ola and ted able naval commander, and had, in early, lite tra- &3 traverfed a confiderable part of the globe, encountering hardfhips and perils capable of appalling any mind but one pofleffed of the mott undaunted retolution and perteverance. He once fuffered fhipwreck, on which occa- fion he loft the whole collection of his travels and adventures, and property to a large amount. At the time of his death he laboured under pecuniary embarrafliments, to liquidate which a generotts and unfolicited contribu- tion was made among the neighbouring no- bility and gentry, for which purpote the Hon.U. J. Fox tent fifty guineas, and Sir John St. Aubyn, bart. a like tum. W. Gilbert, efg. of Lower Tooting, 59. At Richmond, J. Woodbridge, e(q. 66. At Croydon, Lieutenant Colonel R. Hope, of the royal artillery. SUSSFX. Married.] At Chichefter, Mr. J. Leggatt, butcher to Mrs. Knott.—Mr. Tichener, to Mifs Bradford, At Ditchling, Mr. J. Brazier, to Mrs, Brooker, whole united ages make 155 years. Died | At Warnbam, Mrs. Ann Shelley Nichol, wite of Fohn Nicholl, gent. At Midhurtt, Mrs, Frances Yaldwyn, re- BG of the Rev. John Yaldwyn, of Black- down. At Cuckfield, Mr. John Peckham, plumber and glazier. At Lewes, Mr. John Wilbar, junior, one of the window furveyors tor the county At Slinford, Mr. Henry Ellis, yeoman, 65. At Bolney, Mr. Cooke, 92. At Lamberhurft, _ fuddenly, Mrs. Ann Gibhs, wife ot Mr. John Gibbs, 62. At Weftbourn, Mr. Samuel maltiter and linen draper, 77. At Chichefter, Mrs. Gardener. She had been previoufly indifpofed, and dropped down dead in the ftreet. At Newhaven, Mr. T. Wymark, fon of Mr. Wymark, brewer.—Mr. Cripps, cooper.—= Mr. Thomas Howell aud two boys, brothers, named Balkham. Tbey went out with Mr. R. Howell, brother of the above Mr. Howell, and a foldier belonging to the Welth fuii- leers, in a {mall boat into the harbour, and were about to amufe themfelves by catting for mallets, when the cork, that ftopped the hole at the bettom of the boat, flew out and det ina confiderable quantity of water. This caufed great confution among them, and the management of the boat wes in confequence left te chance, which unfortunately dire@ed her broudfide to a coming wave, that rote with terrific {well, and m an inftant over- whelmed her. Mr. R. Howell, and the fol- dier were faved by a boat, in which a lad, who witneiled the accident, put off to their afliftauce. ‘he reft perithed. L HAMPSHIRE. ‘There is now eftablithing at Southampton, a Proprietary Library Society, upon the fame plan, and under the fame regulations, as the one recently fo fuccefstully founded at Portt- Freeling, Sufix—Hampfire. [Aug. 1, mouth, upon the fuggefion, and by the in- detatigably aétive aflifttance of Mr. Rober- deau (author of Fugitive Verfe and Profe, &c.) This inftance furnifhes an additional proot of the value and beneficial eifect of in- dividual exertion in matteys of public atility and extended confequence ; as, betore the Portfmouth foundation this county had ne fuch inftitution, Died.| At Portfmouth, Mifs Chettie, niece of Mrs. Baly, at the Royal Academy in the Dock-yard, 20.—Mr. John Meadmore, many years a burgefs of the éorporation, 83. He retired from bufinefs with a handfome for- tune: his aéts of charity were numerous, it having been for a long time his practice to diftribute the whole furplus of his income in beneficent purpotes. At Haflar hofpital, Lieutenant T. Parke. —Mrs Melvin, wife of Mr. Melvin. At Gofport, James Goodeve, etq. brewer. At Finchdean, Mr. Jobfon, of Port{mouth. At North Yarmouth, Captain Mitchell, of the Infpeétor floop. At Chawton-houfe, Mifs H. Coulthard, third daughter of Thomas Coulthard, etq. At Southampton, Mr. Pierce, butcher.— Mrs King, wite of William King, efg. and eldeft daughter of the late A. Iaacfon, efq- of Foriton, Northumberland. ; At Portfwood, Mr. W. Webb, an emi- nent tanner. At Wiuchefter, Mrs. A. St. John; wife of A. St. John, efq. M. P. for Callington, and only daughter of Sir J.. Hamly, bart. of Clovilly court, Devon, Suddenly at Newport in the Wle_of Wight, as he was on the point of embark- ing for the Eatt Indies, Capt. T. lliffe, of the company’s 7th. Bombay regiment, and fon of the late Rev. Tho. 1 of Kilby, coun- ty of Leicefter. The fudden departure of the Eaft India fivet put it ouc of his power, by any offers to boatmen, to overtake them 3 and the difappointment of his profpeéts had fuch an effect on his mind, that he termi- nated his life with a piitol, At Andover, Mrs. Gale, widow of T. Gale, Eig. At Farebam, at a very advanced age, R. Bargus, Efg. His truly upright and un- blemifhed character, will long command, from thofe who knew him, the higheft Memorials of veveration and eftcem. For many years he difcharged the active duties of 4 magiftrate, with firmnets and integrity. Sincerely devout in all the offices which re- ligion preicrines, he has left the chriftian world a bright examole of that courfe, to which are annexed the promifed rewards of eternal life. At Somerley, near Ringwood, Daniel Hob- fon, efg. Having acquired a handfome for- — tune in trade in Lonuon, he purchafed this eftate, which formerly belonged to the an- — tient family of the Hobys, afterwards to Sir Seymour Pile, bart. whole widow left it co her | 1205.1 her nephew, Dr. St. John, dean of Worcef- ter, who fold it to Mr. H. He laid out great _ fams in planting and building farm-houfes, and had contraéted with Mr. Wyatt to re- build the manfion-houfe in a magnificent _ ftyle, like Pope’s Sir Vifto, when he offered the whole eftate to fale, and, meeting with a litigious purchafer, he was obliged to bind him under a confiderable penalty to com- _ plete his purchafe and contraét with the ar: chite&t. Part of the penalty he recovered of the eftate. At Newtown, near Portfmouth, Mr. J. - Atfield, 68. } WILTSUIRDE. | _Married.| At Chippenham, Mr. Edmund Slade, clothier, youngeft fon of the late Rev. William Slade, reétor of Corfley, to Mifs Ann D’ Auvergne, late of the ifland of Jerfey. _ At Bradford, Mr. John Crifp, to Mifs Eli- ibeth Woolley.—Mr. Thomas Smart, to 'Mifs Edwards, daughter of Mr. Thomas Ed- wards, clothier. _ Died.| At Majefton, near Gillingham, Mr. _ At Fifherton Anger, Mr. Peter Maffey. At Salifbury, Mr. George Hibberd.— the lodge of the epifcopal palace, Mr. hard Dawkins, 65. He had heen forty rs gardener to the bifhops of Salifbury.— fs Beft, of the Antelope inn. She was giving fome directions to her fervants when 1e fuddenly dropped down a corple! Only a few minutes before this awful event, a gen- eman who had juft arrived at the houfe was ongratulating her on her healthful appear- nce, and in reply the faid the felt in better alth than fhe had done for many months At Warminger, Mrs. Evans, wife of Mr. Thomas Evans, senior.—Mrs. Whiting, wife of Mr. Whiting, of the Caftle-inn. At Sarum, Mifs Jane Wanfey, only daughter of the late Henry Wanfey, efq. 28. 7 BERKSHIRE. Married.) At Reading, the Rev. Matthew infon, reétor of Burghfield, to Mifs Par- eldeft daughter of —— Parfons, efq. of rd, Kent.—Mr, Reynard, to Mifs Si- daughter of Capt. S. late of the loyal fencible infantry. Mr. Reeves, of Snap Farm, Aldbourne, to Miis Hannah Gale, daughter of Mr. Thomas G. of Grafton, Wilts. Died) At Woodfide Houfe, Old Windfor, irs. Ogilvie, wife of the Rev. Dr. O. ‘At Reading, the Rev. Charles Parker, A. late of Univerfity College, Oxford. _ At Newbury, Mr. Giles, ironmonger.— Ars. M. Bull, 56. “At Windfor, Mr. Legge, chemift and drug- SOMERSETSHIRE. Married.) At Briftol, Mr, John Davies, iutveyor,to Mifs Rachacl Reefe.—Mr. Luke Henwood, architect, to Mifs Mary Osborn, _ Montury Maa, No, 132. W ilt/ire—Berkfhire—Somerfet/hire—Dorfet/ire. 89 daughter of Daniel O. efg. of Silver Shoring, in the county of Kilkenny, Jreland. At Bridgewater, Mr. Henry Hole, of Wells, currier, to Mifs Mary Brimble. At Clifton, Mr. John Cawlis, to Mifs Mary Howell, both of Brandon-hill.—Mr. Jacob Ricketts, fon of J. W. Ricketts, efq. of Briftol, to Mifs Martin, of Briflington. At Bath, Mr. Thomas Arnoid, to Mifs Julia Smith. Dicd.| At Briftol, Mr. Thomas Coates, Wine-merchant. His fteady attachment to the caufe of liberty, uninfluenced by the example of the corrupt, the wavering of the timid, his inflexible integrity in commercial life, his exemplary conduét in every domef- tic relation, the cheerfulnefs of his difpofi- tion, and the benevolence of his heart, will endear his memory to all whofe efteem is truly honourable —Mr. Potter, cutler and turner, 53.—Mrs. Dyer, wife of Mr. D. Jinen merchant.—Mrs. Bradfhaw, wife of Captain B. of the royal Briftol volunteers, — Mrs. Martha Shearer, mother of Mr. John S. of his Majefty’s cuftoms, 63 —Mifs. Heath, eldeft daughter of the Rey. Dr. H. late head- mafter of Eton-fchool.—Mrs. Prifke, relict of Mr. P.—Mrs. Blannin, widow of Mr. Nicholas B.—Mr. Benjamin Fear, bafket- maker,—Major General Magan, lately in the command of the garrifun of Briftol, 43. After drefling for dinner, he was in the a& of wiping the powder from his face, when he was feized with a fit, and in the fpace of an hour and a half expired. At Cowllip-green, Charles Partridge, efq. late of Briftol. At Baltonfbury, Mr. Thos. Hannam, 96. At Portbury, Mrs Barfley, 80. At Clifton, Mifs Sarah Strode ; and at the fame place, her mother, Mrs. S. 67. At Bath, Mrs. Bevan.—-Mrs. Wheeler, mother of Mr. W. of New Farm, near Tez- bury.—Mrs. Somner, Jate a haberdafher, 77. —Nathaniel Corbyn, efg. formerly of the ifland of Jerfey.—Mrs. Grove, reli& of J. Grove, efq. of Fern Houfe, Wilts.—Major Noel.—Mr. Bampfylde, taylor, a member of the Bath volunteers. —Mr. T. Walmefley, painter, 41.—Mrs. Nixon, reliét of John N. efq. : At Chewton Mendip, Richard, the eldeft fon of Richard Symes, efq. of Brandon-hill. At Shepton Mallet, Mr. Wm. Doddrell, formerly mafter of the George inn, who weighed nearly 29 ftone. At Huntifpill, Mr. John Jennings, 70. DORSETSHIRE. Married.| Mr. Benjamin Ayres, {chool- matter, of Sherborne, to Mifs Shepherd, of Oborne. Died.) At Jordan’s Houfe, Mrs, Speke, wife of William S, efq. a woman of a mott amiable and benevolent difpofition. At Everthot, Mrs. Patten, reli€t of Mr. Patten, furgeon, 74, M At 90 Devonfhire. At Thotnford, Mrs. Coombs, widow of Mr. Benjamin C. of Yetmintter, 87. ; At Bailie, 78, the Rey John Harris, 52 years vicar of Sturminfter Marthall. DEVONSHIRE. Ata General Court of Governors of the Devon and Exeter Hofpital, a Report was pre- fented by the Committee appointed to exa- mine into the alarming ftate of the funds of that inftiturion, from which it appeared, that the averaze of the annual receipts of every Kind during the laft feven years has been 26161. 16s. 44. and thatthe average diiburfe- ments during the fame period have been 30081. 14s. $d. From this flatement it is evident, thatthe expenditure, on an average, has annually exceeded the income Sy rly 12s. 1d. 5 notwith@anding thirty-feven beds have been unoccupied during the greater part of the time. The averaze number of in-patients during that period, has been only 140 ; and the above mentioned deficiency in the funds Hill continues, though the number of pa- tients has of late been reduced to 124. The expenditure for the year ending at Lady-day 1804, amounted to the fum of 34091 135. td. and upwards; whereas the income taken Onan average as above ftated, has been but 26161. 16s. 4d. ; confequently the yearly de- ficiency, if the prefent fyiiem be purfued, without further aid from the public, will Probably be Sool, By the adoption of cer- tain economical meafures, the Committee thine it peflible to make a yearly faving of one hundred pounds ; but yet fome more de- cided and effeétual fteps are neceflary to re- duce theexpenditureto anequality with thein- come. The Committee lament, that, though former General Courts found it expedient to fhut up two entire wards, it is now become un- avoidably neceffary to recommend to the Ge- neral Court the fhutting up at leaft three wards More, until fuch time as the benevolence of the public thall enable the Governor to re- open the wards without fear of embarraflment, In confequence of the reprelentations con- tained in the preceding report, it was reluét- antly but unanimoufly refolved, that five wards more be fhut up, fo as to bring the number of unoccupied wards to feven, and of vacant beds to 64. The totalamount of beds in the hofpital being 134, there will then remain 120 only for the reception of patients. The Committee, however, entertain too high an opinion of the wifdom and humanity of the nobility, gentry, clergy, and yeomanry, of the county of Devon and its neighbourhood, to think fora moment that they will fuffer to fink into decay an eftablifhment, which, fince it was inftituted, has re(tored to health forty-one thoufand and five hundred of our in- digent fellow-creatures, and afforded confide- rable /elief to upwards of nine thoufand in fimi'ar circumftances. At a late meeting of the South Devon Agricultural Society, held at the London Inn, Ivy Bridge, the following premiutis were ‘veral years kept a boarding-fchool there. [Aug. 1, 1 adjudged and diftributed :—For the heft ftal- lion for getting ftock fit for the road or pack, three guineas ; for the be& ditto, ditto for draught, three guineas ; for the beft bull, five guineas ; for the bett breeding cow, five guineas; for the beft ram, five guineas ; for the fecond bet ditto, three guineas ; for the beft hog. or two toothed ditto, five guineas 5 for the fecond beft ditto, three guineas ; for the beft lot of breeding ewes, five guineas 5 for the beft lot of two toothed or hog ewes, five guineas; for the beft two-year old fat wether, three guineas ; for the fecond beft ditto, two guineas 5 for the beft ram’s fleece, two guineas; forthe bet fhearer, two gui- neas ; for the fecond beft, one guinea and a half; for the third beft, one guinea 3 for the fourth beft, half a guinea. Married] At Exeter, Mr, George Henry Arrowfmith, of Newbury, Berks, to Mifs Wintton, eldeft daughter of Mr. W. At Chamleigh, Mr William Bird, matter wool-comber, to Mifs Mann, who has for fee ~ C. P. Hamlyn, efq. captain in the North Devon militia, to Mifs Crofs, daughter of the late Richard Crofs, efq. of Croford, near Wel- lington, Somerfet. James Charter, efq. of Exeter, formerly collestor of the cuftoms, to Mifs Williams, ef Honiton. Died.}| The Rev, Thomas Rowe, many aq years minifter of Dean Prior, At Stonehoufe, Devon, after a lingering illnefs, Colonel] Percival, of the Plymouth divifion of royal marines, an excellent officer and moft worthy man. king and country faithfully in the above He had ferved his . corps, in various parts of the world, nearly ~ from its being firft formed in 1755. His 7 Majefty, in confideration of paft fervices, and his declining health, had fome time fince ~ granted him the retirement in the lift of field’ officers on that eftablifiment. His memory will be long cherifhed among thofe friends who knew and valued him moft. His re- — mains were interred in the church-yard of St. George’s, Stonehouie, his pall being fupport- ed by eight of the fenior field officers and officers of the royal marines of the Plymouth divifion. At Chumleigh, Mr. Hugh Pyke, many years mafter of the King’s Arms Inn; and, onthe fame day, his mother, Mrs. P. go. At Exeter, Mr. Degen, a refpeétable mer- chant---Mrs. Harding, wife of Myr. H. of the Barnftaple Lon. ‘ At Tiverton fchool, Matter Duntze, eldeft fon of James D. efq. of Wathfield. At Horfewell Hloufe, near Kingforidge, © the Rev. Peregrine llbert, M.A. archdeacon of Barnftaple, prebend of Exeter, reftor of | Farringdon, and vicar of Rockbear ; a truly © good and refpectable man. Suddenly, at Stogumber, near Dunftery 7 Mrs. E. Chilcott, reli of Mr. William Chil- © cot, 93. At At Plymouth, Captain Cudlipp, of the _ royal navy.—-Mr. Abel Keen, a refpectable _ grocer. CORNWALL. The bonding fy{tem is about to be extend- ed to the port of Falmouth, where the ware- houfes to be licenfed for that purpofe have been furveyed. This regulation will not be ‘More advantageous to that place than to the ‘interefts of commerce in general; the fitua- _ tion of this harbour at the entrance of the : Englith channel, being particularly conve- Dient for a depot of merchandize from the Weft Indies, America, &c. The quaran- tine is to be removed from Falmouth, to | Scilly, where a lazaretto is to be formed for its ufe, and a hofpital is to be immediate- — Vy built for the fick of Falmouth garrifon. _ This ftruéture is to ftand on the welt fide of the peninfula, immediately below the caflle of Pendennis. _ The following eafy method of taking the aoney, without deftroying the bees, was com- enicated to the Editor of the Cornwall Ga- te, by a refp2étable French Prieft, whoaf- s that it is the method generally adopted oughout France. Inthe dufk of the even- when the bees are quictly lodged, approach hive, and turn it very gently over; having ily placed it in a {mall pit previoufly dug receive it, with its bottom uppermoft, r it with aclean new hive, which has en previoufly prepared, with two fmall és ftuck acrofs its middle, and rubbed with aromatic herbs. Having carefully ad- the mouth of each hive to the other, hat no aperture remains between them, a fmall flick, and beat gently round he fides of the lower hive for about ten mi- putes or a quazter of an hour, in which time the bees will leave their cells in the lower hive, afcend and adhere to the upper one. ‘hen gently lift the new hive, with all its tenants, and place it on the ftand from ce the other hive was taken. This uld be done fome time in the week pre- g Midiummer- aay: that the bees may time, before the fummer flowers are to fay ina new Rock of honey, which will not fail to do, for their fubfiftence hthe wister. As many as have the nity and good fenfe to adopt this prac- will find their reward in the increefe of ftock, and their valuable produce. arried.| At Lifkeard, Mr. Wm. Pearce, nteglos, to Mifs Nancy Ede. Fowey, Mr. Thomas Parfons, 23, to Mary Bennet, 46. St. Gluvias Church, the Rev. Mr. et, to Mifs Collins, ot Penryn, Truro, Mr. Thomas Colliver, hat- to Mifs Elizabeth Parkyn, T. P. Morgan, furgeon and apothe- of Eglofkerry, near Launcefton, young- fon of the late Rev. Mr. M, formerly of Cornwall—WNorth Britain. 91 that place, to Mifs Grace Hurdon, fecond daughter of thelate Mr. H. of Treludrick, At Helfton, Mr. Henry Borlafe, furgeon, and captain in the Meneage volunteers, to Miis Ann Plomer, daughter of the late Mr, John P. attorney. , Died.| At Helfton, fuddenly, Mifs Jen- fey Thomas, fhopkeeper. At St. Keverne, Mr. W. Lawrence, a:re- fpeGtable and wealthy farmer. NORTH BRITAIN. The Aberdeenfhire Canal is at length com- pleted, and was lately opened. This Canal pafies about 19 miles into the interior of the country, rifing 170 feet above the level of the bafon at Aberdeen, by means of 17 locks ; itis 33 fet deep, and 20 feet broad at furface water. : A numerous and refpe@table meeting of contributors to the Public Difpenfary of Edin burgh, was held on Friday, the 31ft of May, inthe Hall of the Difpentary in Richmond- ftreet. At that meeting, in confequence of reports from different committees, fome propofals were adopted with a view of ex- tending the ufefulnefs of the Difpenfary. It was unanimoully agreed, that the benefits of the Difpenfary fhould be extended to the treatment of thofe difeafes which require the aid of the Surgeon, as well as of thofe which require the fkill of the phyfician, when they are of fuch a nature that they cannot with propriety be admitted inte an hofpital; and that, as there are already eight phyficians, there fhould be eight furgeons to the Difpenfary. Met). William Far- quharfon, Alexander Gillefpie John Walker, Charles Anderfon, James Anderfon, George Kellier, James Wardrop, and John Aber- crombie, all cf whora are members of the royal college of Surgeons of Edinburgh, were recommended as well qualified for the du- ties of fuch an office. All thefe gentlemen being prefent at the meeting, cheerfully agreed to give gratuitous aid to the poor at the Difpenfary under fuch regulations at fhould be enaéted by the Managers. It was alfo unanimoufly agreed, that, in imitation of a fociety lately eftablifhed in London, for the Relief of the Ruptured Poor, ftcel truffes fhould be furnifhed to the indigent at the Difpenfary, under fuch conditions as may be thought proper. A report wads prefented from a committee appointed to devife fome plan for promoting the Extermination of the Natural Small Pox in the City of Edinburgh, But as doubts were entertained refpecting the propriety of fome parts of this plan, it was agreed to recommit this fubjeét for future confideration. It was, however, unanimoufly refolved to reprint an addrels to perents, drawn up by the Royal Jennerian Society of London, and to furnifh clergymen in Edin- burgh with a number of copies of it, to be put into the hands of parents at the baptifm M2 ’ of Norih of children. -For although vaccination con- tinues to be praétifed in Edinburgh with un- jaterrugted fuccefs, yet deaths are ftill pro- duced by the Natural Small Pox, in confe- quence of the negleé and delay of this fafe, eafy, and efficacious preventive of that dread- ful malady. Although the execution of the plans thus adopted muft unavoidably he at- tended with fome additional expence, and al- though the difburfements for the fupport of the Difpenfary, during the courfe of the laft year, exceeded the fum received, yet the Meeting were of opinion, that the intended impsovements fhould be immediately carried into effeét. it was computed that, notwith- ftanding thefe additions, the whole annual expence of the Difpenfary would not exceed 4col. And the meeting trufted that, by pro- per exertions on the part ef the managers, that fum might, without much difficulty, be obtained from the opulent and benevolent in- habitants of the city and county of Edin- burgh. Died.] At Gourock, Archibald Campbell, watchmaker, a cadet in the family of Auchinbreak, in Argylefhire, who was born in Feb. 1699.—Having received the rudi- ments of a liberal education at home, he was afterwards fent to Edinburgh for the purpofe of profecuting his ftudies with a view to the Church. There, however, fmitten by the charms of a fair one, he married at the age feventeen, by which imprudent ftep he fo much difpleafed his patron, that he took no further notice of him. Uponthis he went to London, bound himfelf an apprentice to a wacchmaker, and there foilowed that trade for 21 years. His wife died in London, and he mar- ried a fecond wife not long after. In his 43d year he went intq the army, and remain- ed in it feven years. After this he went to Paris; and wrought at his bufinefs one year there: from thence he removed to Ire- land, and foliowed, in that country, the fame occupation for a number of years. There too he married his widow, in his 6gth year.— On his paffage from Ireland to Campbelton he was wrecked upon the Ifland of Racharis, and loft the whole of his property, amount- ing.to about socl, Since that period he has refided in Tarbet, in Kintyre, Argylithire, regularly working at his trade, till within thefe 14 years. He had a penfion from his Grace the Duke of Argyle, whom he has been in the habit of vifiting annually at In- verary, for many years. Not farther back than Auguft laft he went to pay his refpedts to his Grace, and walked from Tarbet to Inverary, a diftance cf 37 miles, in three days. He was upon a viiit to fome friends at Gourock, and walked about five miles every day. His mental faculties feemed, but a fhort time before his death, to be in their vigour, and none of his fenfes any way im- paired except thatof vifion. Only afewmonths ince he began to make a clock, but was 92 Britain. jAug. 1, obliged to give it up, owing to the failure of his fight. He was a very temperate man, had been feldom or never intoxicated, and afcribed, under Providence, the extraordinary Jength of his life to his temperance and re- gularity, At Leith Links, James Mitchell, efq. formerly a merchant in Leith. At Arran, William Stevenfon, efq. many years faétor to his Grace the Duke of Hamii- ton, on that ifland. At Shapinfhay, the Rev. Dr. George Bar- ty, 57. He was_a native of Berwickthire, educated in the Univerfity of Edinburgh, and was for a fhort time employed as teacher of the fons of fome gentlemen in Orkney, by whofe patronage he became fecond minif- ter of the royal burgh and ancient cathedral of Kirkwall; from whence, about nine years ago, he was tranflated to the Iiland and parith of Shapinfhay. He has left a widow and nine children and many refpeétable friends to mourn his death With fidelity and zeal he difcharged the duties of the pattoral office. His ftatifiical account of his two parithes, publithed by Sir John Sinclair, firft refcued his name from that obfcurity in which it was placed by local fituation, and drew from an impartial public, a high degree of appro- bation.—Few men paid more attention to the education of youth than Dr. Barry. His own children be taught with ail the {kill of philofophy, and all the tendernefs of parental affection. The fame fkill, united with no common degree of care, he extended, not only to the youth in his own, but to thofe of all the ditferent parifhes inthe county. Senfible of his zeal in this refpeét, the fociety for Propagating Chriftian Knowledge in Scot- land, upwards of five years ago, chofe him one of their members, and gave him a fuper- intendance over their fchools in Orkney, Soon after, the Univerfity of Edinburgh con- ferred on him the degree of Doétor in Divi- nity. For feveral years paft Dr. Barry em- ployed his leifure kours in compofing a civil and natural hiltory of all the 67 iflands of Orkney, comprehending an account of their original population, their ancient hiftery, while a feparate independent principality, whofe warlike princes, in alliance with Nor- way and Denmark, ranked with the monarchs of Europe; and alfo their prefent condition, and the means by which they may be im- proved. This hitory was publithed two months ago, in Edinburgh, in one large quayto volume, illu{trated by a map of all the iiles, fritks, and harbours, and alfo with twelve elegant engraved plates of the moft grand and interefting objects of antiquity.—- From the teftimony of feveral of the moft — refpectable and learned gentlemen im Scot~ © Jand, it is believed that thiscurious hiftory of one of the moit fequefered provinces of Bri- tain, swill, from the depth of its refearch, the accuracy of the narrative, and the claffical — elegance s ; 4 9 q 4 ; , 1 ae ‘ 1805.J elegance of its compofition, tranfmit the name of its author to future ages with fome degree of celebrity. Suddenly, at Ormaig, Craignifh, Argyle- fhire, James Campbell, efq. of Ormaig, a gentleman who poifeffed not only the milder virtues, but thofe alfo which fit and qualify for the more arduous fituations in life. This ; he exercifed during the late infurreétions in the iflands of St. Vincent and Grenada; where he eminently diftinguifhed himifelf in the field againft the infurgents, as Captain of __atroop of native cavalry. At Prief@lands, near Dumfries, Hugh Cor- ‘ fle, efq of Culloch, writer to the fignet. - a 4 _ .the Renfrewhhire militia. At Kinloch, the infant daughter of George iz, Be conte _ At College, near Dumfries, John Gibfon, : ‘ef. of Glencrofh. _ At Brownfield, Mrs. Katherine Robertfon, wife of john Knox, efq. IRELAND, ic. Died } At Dublin, Sir Thomas Leigh- ton, bart, and banker, who was one of the many inftances, that ‘¢ honeft. is the beft po- . He was very early in life an humble der, in the town of Strabane, in the north eland, and proving unfuccefsful, he went earch of better fortune to the Eaft Indies, ‘foldier in the company’s fervice. He man of talent, and of a ftrong mind, rendered himfelf extremely ufeful by g, in a very fhort time, acquired a ledge of the oriental languages. It was d fortune to be confined in the fame rifon with the late general Matthews, who revious to his unfortunate cataftrophe, en- ted to the care of Mr. Leighton, jewels property to an immenfe amount, to be elivered to his family, if he thould efte@ his e ape; and toinfure his zeal and puntuality he piefented him with a confiderable fem. me time afterwards employed as an » he took advantage of the firft ty that offered to efcape. After erilous adventures, he arrived in Lon- and waitingon Mrs. Matthews, deliver- er the laft letter of her hufband toge- th the treafure. By her, his fidelity to have been rewarded with twenty oufand pounds. He immediately wrote to reland to enquire fora beloved wife and child had Jeft behind him, and fent a fum to difcharge his debts. He found, a unprotected, had by honett induf- ae herfelf and her daughter then s of age, and given her an education flor to her humble means. He now 2a handfome houfe in Stephen's Green, lin; the feat belonging to the late Lord le! Bu ron Fofter, father of the Irifh Chan. the Exchequer, near Dublin, was ehafed, and new carriages were built for » But an inative life had no charms Ireland—Deaths Abroad. At Muffelburgh, Michael Falcon, efq. of . ing various difguifes, and encountering © 93 for him, and he embarked the greateft part of his fortune in a banking houfe, which has been very fuccefsful. .Lady Leighton whole mild and amiable manners endeared her to all ranks, died fume time fince and left him a numerous family. DEATHS ABROAD. At Stockholm, jean Louis Defpres, princi- pal architeét to the King of Sweden. He was a native of France, and in his youth ftudied at Rome, from which city the late king invited him to Sweden. His performe ances both in painting and architecture at- teft the fertilicy of his invention. At Dole, the place of his nativity, M. Ate tirety a celebrated fculptor, aged 80. He was the beft artift of the province of ci-devant Burgundy, and all his works are remarkable for greatnefs of character and {kill in the exe- cution. He had obtained a prize of the Royal Academy of Paris, and his talents had been crowned at the Academy of St. Luke at Rome. He was at length appointed to a profefiorfhip in the Academy of St. Luke at Paris, and tome time after the fuppreffion of that inftitution he fixed his refidence at Dijon, Tt was this artift who executed in marble, from the model of Pigal, the well-known ftatue of Voltaire, erected by fub(cription in the drefling-room of the Cimedie Frangaife at Paris, and fince removed into the hall of the National Inftitute. The public fountain at Dole, decorated with three pedeftrian figures, was the workmanthip of M. Attiret. At Dijon there are fix ftatues of his compofition reprefenting the four feafons, Melpomene, and Thalia; and many other efteemed works atteft his merit. At Peterfburg, M. Lowitz one of the members of the academy of fciences of that city, counfellor of ftate, and knight of the order of St. Anne, His labours in chemittry are well known to all the lovers of that fcience. He had fcarcely attained his 49th year. ; At Rome, Guglielmi, one of the mott fer= tile compofers in Italy, and mafter of the chapel to his holinefs, aged 76. He was eme ployed 54 years for the theatres of Florence, ( Venice, and Naples. His forte lay in the opera buffa, though he has likewife fucceeded in ferious operas, mafles, and Te Deums. He has left a great number of efteemed works, and a fon who treads in his fteps. At Paris, M. Anquetil du Perron, a mem- ber of the Ancient Academy of Infcriptions and Belles Lettres, and of the National Infti- tute, hiftoriozrapher to the archives of foreign relations, one of the moft celebrated of the- licerati of Europe, aged 73. He has lefta great number of manufcripts, from which the {cience he fo fuccefsfully cultivated will de- rive new benefit; for M. Siivettre de Sacyy in pronouncing his funeral oration over the tomb of his friend, folemnly renewed the en- gagement he made with him before his death, to complete the works which he has left un- finihhed, MONTHLY : ’ 7 . feeds, { fron, rags, oak bark, turpentine, hides honey, wax, fruit, raw materials, linfeed cakes, , ry ( 94 ) [Aug. 3, — MONTHLY COMMERCIAL REPORT: ens SINCE our laft Report certain intelligence has been received of the combined fquadron from Cadiz having arrived at Martinique, confifting of feventeen fail of the line, befides frigates, with a force on board of nearly 12,000 men. This formidable armament, having the whole of our Weft India Iflands at their mercy, could not fail to awaken the utmoft alarm among our merchants, and all Weft India produce immediately advanced. Sugars obtained a rife oi 5s. per cwt.; and although the news from Lord Nelfon has greatly quieted the minds of the public tor the fafety of our iflands, fill produce maintains a high price. This may be in part aferibed to the mode now adopted by the merchant, who, as he dors not pay the duty tll fales are effected, fupplies the market only by feeding it daily. Hence refiners, by going conftantly into a fpare-market, are compelled to buy at advanced rates, or fuffer their houfes to remain ‘anemployed. Premiums from the Weft Indies, in the early part of (he month, were at from twenty-five to thirty guineas per cent. ; they are now done at ten guineas, to return five, \if they arrive. Infurance to and from America has advanced confiderably, owing to the capture of Americans by — French crutfers, and the more recent capture bythe Spaniards of an American gun-boat, in the , Mediterranean ; an act of hoftility not to be accounted tor. : bh Trade to America and the north of Europe is at this time brifk ; but in almof allother chan- nels remarkably dead. The defalcation in the revenue, in one article alone (printed calicoes}, ‘is greater than has been known at this feafon for feyeral years. The prices of Stock in our public funds have, within thete tew days, flightly declined. They were rather falling while we were uncertain of the deftination of the combined fleets. They yofe upen the news that thofe fleets had fled from the Weft Indies, and that Lord Nelfon was in purfuit of them. The long delay of the expected news from his Lordfhip has afforded room for the Bears to exert themfelves iu the Stock-Exchange, and the pricesot ftock are again lower. 7 On Thurfday 3 per Cents.'Coniols were at 582; 3 per Cents Reduced 59+; Confols tor account, — 58%; Omnium ata premium of 43; Lottery Tickets 18]. 19s. each; Exchequer Bills at as. — difcount. SAT The trade of Ireland has been in a rapid train of improvement ever fince the Union. During — the prefent year it continues to be peculiarly fuccefs{ul. The acts paffed in the laft feffionof Par= — Hiament, to increafe the bounty upon the pilchard-fithery, and to improve the harbour onthe 4 North fide of the Hill of Howth, cannot but prove highly beneficial toit. he Several of the Greenland fhips have arrived at the port of Hull with very valuable cargoes. Sixteen are already reported, laden with 249 fifh, yielding 1550 buus of blubber. ’ From the — }ateft intelligence of the fuccefs of thofe not yet arrived, it is conjectured that aooo tons of oil will be furnithed to the United Kingdom by the port of Hull alone, inthe prefent year. The — coming in of the Greenland veffels, with nearly 7o fail froin the Baltic, has given an adtivity — to the trade of Hull which it has not experienced for fevera! months patt. ae By an Order of Council, dated the 4th inftant, the following articles are allowed to be im- — ported until further’ orders, viz. hides, leather, horns, tallow, and wool, in foreign veffels, upon payment of the fame duties to which thole articles brought in Britifh bottoms are liable. An order has been iffued by the Britith Goverhment to our cruifers, to fufferneutral traders’ between our ports and thofe of the enemy without licenfe; a mealure highly expedient at the refent juncture, The tollowing is a lift of the commodities, the free exportation and Importation of which has — been tolerated by the above-mentioned order :— ' ‘wa Ex rorts.—Britith manufaQures (sot naval or military ftores), grocery, alum, annatta, cof- fee, cocoz, Calicoes, copperas, drugs (mot dying drugs), rhubarb, fpices, fugar, pepper, tobacco, vitriol, elephants’ teeth, pimento, ¢uinamon, nutmegs, cornelian ftone, nankeens, Eatt iy bales, tortoife-fhell, cloves, red, green, and yellow earth, earthenware, indigo (not excecdi five tons in one veffel), woollens, rum, and prizz- goods not prchibjted-to be exported. Imrorts—from Holland:—Grain (if importable according to the provifions of the co Jaws), falred provifions of ail forts (not being falted beef or pork), oak bark, flax, flax feed, clo- ver and other feed, madder roots, faired hides, and fkins, leather, ruthes, hoops, faccharum fa~ tuyni, barilla, fmalts, yarn, 1.ffron, butter, cheefe, gu lls, clinkers, terrace, Geneva, vinegars ‘white lead, oil, turpentine, pirch, hemp, bottles, wainfcot beards, raw materials, naval ftores, Jace, and French camb ics and Jawns. int ays a From France.—Grzin (asabove) falzed provifions of all forts (not being falted beef or pork), “tallow, weld, wine, lace, French cambrics aud lawns, vinegar, ane brandy. Ph, ‘ wal From Spain, --Cochineal, barilla, frui!, orchclla weed, Spanifh wool, indigo, hides, fkins, fhumac, liquorice juice, feeds, faffron, filk, {weet almonds, Caftile fgap, raw materials, oal bark, annifeed, wing, cork, biack lead, naval itores, vinegar, asd brandy, $e itz The Governor of Jamaica has, by a Proclamation, rencwed, for fix months, the permiffio to import ftores, lumber, and provifions, into that ifland, “in American and other neutral ve The prices of grain, which have been, for fome months, high, and advancing, in all countries of Eurepe, heve lately had fome abatement in Spain. In the Auftrian domino corn, andthe other frit neceflar:es of fubliftence, are {till dear, : i The King of Sweden is forming anew and tpacious harbour at Helfingborg, which willa nwch advantageous accommedaiion, that was exceedingly wanted, to our thipping -paffing and cown in the Battie. ‘ FST ¥605.] Munthiy Agricultural Report. 95 ’ . _- The Purchafers of the Supplementary Number are refpecifully informed that, owing to fome Accident in the Dehveries at the Po/t Office, our ufual German Retrofpet did not reach us in Time. 7 Cah a MONTHLY HE MAGAZINE. No. 133. | SEPTEMBER 1, 1805. [2, of Vor. 20. ORIGINAL COMMUNICATIONS. To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. SIR; ‘ Sa falfe report has been circulated A in England, that Profeffor Hermann was the editor of the edition of ** Porfon’s Euripides,” which was publifhed at Leip- _ zig, I fend you the following note which JT received from him on that fubject, in order that it may be communicated to the public. ; : *¢ Editionem quatuor Trageediarum Euripi- _ dis, cum Notis Richardi Porfoni, que tam- quam editionis alterius, correétioris, & indi- cibus locupletiffimis auéte volumen pri- mum, Lipfie, 1802, prodiit, mihi impu- _ tari comperi. Ejusmodi laudem quum nemi- _ Alinvideam, publice declarandum exiftimavi, Me neque auétore neque adjutore iftam editi- Fy ‘onem fa@tam effe. Faciendz ejus confilium __ceperat librarius, non dubio-fruétu, in tanta _ faritate librorum Britannicorum: opera de- andata fuit docto cuidam, neque ignoto vi- _ fo, non mihi, qui hujufmodi negotium ne fecepturus quidem fuiffem. Ego, cum om- nibus qui Grecas litteras amant, ex animo _ opto, ut R. Porfonus reliquas quoque Euri- _ Ppidis Tragedias edat, non ut ne dettituat il- lum, qui fine prima editione alterdm correc- ‘tiorem dare non poterit, fed ut expleat litte- ‘fatorum omnium defideria,.—Scr. Lipfie d. li. Jalii c19.19 cecv. s Govorrrepus HeRMANNUS, in Academia Lipfienfi Elog. Prof. P. O. _ Profeffor Hermann is at prefent engag- ed in preparing for the prefs an edition of Efchylus, with a Latin tranflation, cri- cal notes, compleat indexes, enlarged fcholia, and a full and exaé& colleétion of all the various readings which are to be found either in all the printed editions in the manufcripts hitherto collated, which have been fo negligently given in Schutze’s edition. At the end will be ded a differtation on the metres of 7E(- chylus, fomething fimilar to that which he Vrofeflor has already written on Pin- Explanatory notes will only be iven where former writers have miftaken the fenfe, as Schutze’s Commentary may always be bought without the text. The whole will probably confit of three quar- _ Monraty Mac, No. 133. to volumes, the firft of which will be publifhed next fpring. F,.H. —— To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. SIR, HAVE looked over Mr. Parkinfon’s late “* Tour in America,’’ and have found in it fome harth expreffions and falfe conclufions drawn from the premifes hehas laiddown, Itis the produce of a mind attached to loca! habits, and difcon- tented with every thing which does not correfpond with a particular mode of life and of farming. The work feems intended to prove, that nature has been extremely unkind to the United States; that the ungrateful foil will never reward the toil of the Jabourer, and that America feems defigned only for conviéts. This is his expreffion, page 489, which perhaps does not merit to be here repeated; but that America holds out a more cheering profpect, is fully proved by the following faéts. The United States double their population in twenty- five years ; and I believe no other nation, not even the Ifraelites, ever doubled their numbers in fo fhort a period ; confequent- ly, as men multiply in proportion to the facility of living, the lands muft return abundance in proportion to the labour be- ftowed upon them; otherwile there could not be that facility of living. Another proof is, that the fix millions of people who inhabit the United States of America import on an ayerage from five to fix millions fterling per annum of Britihh merchandize, for which they pay, otherwife they would not be trulted ; and they export to the amount of about thir- teen millions ftcrling a-year: no other country of the fame age ever had fo great a commerce ; nor is there any country at this time, except England, which, in pro- portion toher population, has fo great and productive an indufiry. Whence then arifes the wealth which nourifhes fuch a commerce, if not from the lands ?—tor America cannot be called a manufa&turing country. From 98 Obfervations on Mr. Parkinfon’s Tour in the United States. (Sept. 15° From the year 17$4.t0 1799, a term of fifteen years, the Americans improved fifteen millions of acres of land. The watte-lands inclofed in England during the lalt fifty years amounts enly to 2,800,000 acres. This fhews that Ame- fica is in a rapid ftate of improvement, and even more fo than England. But if new farms recently cleared of their timber do not produce all which we find on the old and Jong-cultivated eftates of England, it is no proof that the coun- try is bad or the people miferable.. The American farmer has abundance to eat, to drink, to warm ard cloath him; he ts owner of the foil on which he lives; no yent to be raifed at the expiration of his leafe ; no Jandlord to influence him at an election ; no tax-gatherer at his door ; he is confident of fecurity in equal jaws, and hasa high fenfe of that noble inde- pendence which acknowledges no fuperi- ers but genius and merit: and thole are yeal comtorts to a man of feeling. If good turnpike-roads, and a particular fine breed of cattle or fheep, are rarely to be found in America, it arifes from the po- pulation being fpread over a great extent of country, and that want of divilion of Jabour which enables one man to apply to one thing, and thereby render it as perfect as p:flible. But the fault is not in the Jand or climate ; and fuch improvements will be made when the country fhall be more filled with people. Let us look back on England two hun- dred years :—Nota lhcdge, not a turnpike- road, waggon or carriage to travel i; none of the fine breed of fheep and cattle now fo much and juftly admired ; nor ir- rigation, nor the produdtive fyftem of fuc- ceffion of crops; at that time turnips, cabbages, and carrots, were great arti- cles of commerce from Brabanr to Len- don. In 1697 the whole exports from England were only three millions and a haifa year: the imports near the fame fom. Bu¢time, with induftry, has made England what fhe is, to the great honour of the inhabitants ; and time, with in- dultry, will give to the United States of America all that is refined in fcience and gratifying to rational man. But one great obje& of Mr. Parkinfon’s book is, to prevent Englifh farmers ren. dering themlelves and families unhappy by going to America. With him I am cleaily of opinion that they fhould not go till they have well weighed every circum- ftance, and confulted the feelings of thofe they propofe to carry with them ; for al- though I know that abundance reigns in America, yet perfons always rifque their happinels by removing fiom their native place, and into a country where the man- ners and cuftoms are fuch as they have not been uled to. Every purfuit is a kind of trade, which if we cannot foilow it in the way to which we have been accultom- ed, feels irkfome. I doubt whether an experienced Devonfhire farmer would for fome years feel happy in Northumber- land ; nor would the Northumberland man feel comfortable on a farm in Devonfhire. A Frenchman, accuftomed to the culture of the vine, would make a bad farmer in England ; and the Englifh farmer would become a bankrupt among the vines of France. Local habi:s, which in a great meafyre conftitute our happinefs, and which makes a country appear pleafans cr difagreeable, extend to the fmallett minutize, to our eating, drinking, travel- ling, company, &c. &c. During the laft peace the Abbé Gre- goire came over from France to England, where he made a tour throughout the country, and, from his amiable chara&ter and excellent qualisies, was received in the bett focieties in a very hofpitable manner. On his return to Paris I afked him how he liked England ? He replied, «© The Englifh are a generous, hofpitable,. good people; and the country would be charming had it plcafed God to give them fome funfhine, and French cooks. The country (he faid) was always enveloped in clouds ; and he was almolt flarved on abominable legs of mutton, roatt-beef, beef fteaks, cabbage and potatoes, none of which were half cooked, and with fauce feldom eatable: the porter was bit- ter, and the port-wine fo flrong that he could not drink it, and as to water he did not like that beverage.”” In fact, the good Abbé preferred France ; and, being of a humane difpofition, feemed to feel forry. for the many inconveniencies under which, as he fuppofed, the people of England labcured. j ‘ | Hence, if we look into ourfelves, and examine the habits we have acquired, we fliall find, that, by going to refide in a foreign country, the circumftances change, — and the unhappine(fs or ill fuccefs which we experience arifes more from ourfelves — than the defeéts of the country which we adopt. 1 Tam, Sir, &c. July 2, 1805. RoperT FULTON, © . Bere "1605.) To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. ' SIR, LLOW me, Sir, to intreat the at- tension of fome of your numerous Correfpondenis to a queftion which muft certainly be interefling to every manufac- turer, but of which no regular difeuffien has yet beeneffeted. ‘Is it proper or 1m proper to lay before the public a full and impartial flatement of the various ~ pio. cefles of our manufattories.? I fhall tate fach reafons as have offered themfelves to me why they fhould be difplayed ; but I am principally anxicus to receive further information ona fubjeé&t that appears to me peculiarly interetting. The firtt ar- gument I fhal] adduce is that of Mr. Boyle, as quoted by Dr. Johnfon in the zorft number of the ** Rambler.”” ‘* The ‘excellence of manufaStories and the faci- lity of tabour would be much promoted, if the various expedients and contrivances which lie concealed in private hards were __ by reciprocal communication made gene- rally known ; for there are few opera. tions that’ aie not performed by one or another with fome peculiar advantages, wuich, though fingly of little importance, would by conjunction and ccncurrence _ Open new inlets to knowledge, and give new powers to diligence.’ The fecond “is, the very confiderable improvements that have taken place in thole few manu- factories which have yet been under the influence of chemical inquiry ; thus realiz- ing, buton a very extenfive fcale, the fuggettions of Mr. Boyle. So far, therefore, _ a8 we are to be guided on the one hand by experience, and on the other by the influ- ence of {cientific inquiry on liberal dif- . py, will the argument in favour of fuch cenduét be ftreng.hened. In the third place, I would obferve, that, as many valuable difcoveries are ow- ing to chance, thofe with whom they ori- " gimate zre perhaps not unfrequently inca- pable of improving them to the extent they uld admit of in the hands of men of ce; and thus by a fpirit of monopoly preclude even themfelves from the Yantageous cultivation of fuch difco- is Og merely leat others might enjoy it If again we confider the rap‘d progrefs t has been made of la'e years in every artment of uleful and praciical know- ige, we muft attribute it entirely to thofe 1 communications that have been by men whofe attention has been ediatcly direfted to the promotion and perment of every thing valuable to the ic. On the Utility of publifhing Manufaduring Proceffs. 09 Again, the profits of every bufinefs de- - pend on the regularity and knowledge with which it is con ‘uéied 5 but how is the lait to be enjoyed without refources to apply to? How much more eaifily would jt be obtained if fcience could regulate and fim- plify thé combinasions of the manufac- turer? To thefe may be added, that if to accomplifh by every thing employed its utmoft poffible ufe ; nay, it even to diaw advantage from the very wafte and refufe of every manufactory be a favourite prin- ciple with the conductors of each, to take the moft accurate mean to effect it ought certainly to be as powerful with ‘hem.— Is it not alfo obvious, that to difcard all myitery and quackery, and fairly to dif- clofe each procefs, is to invite the atten- tion of men of fcience and refearch, to ex- tend and fecure the advantages al:eady gained, and difcover greater powers of utility and new effeéts from other combi- nations in the various fubitances em- ployed. The origin, progrefs, prefent flate, and hints for tae improvement of our * arts of life,”” would certainly be worthy.the con- templation of our molt able chymifts, and are fubje&ts that have appeared of fuch importance to.a neighbouring nation, that many of their mcft eminent men have been employed in fuch a work. Some vo- lumes of the ‘* Encyclopedie Metho- dique” are dedicated to fuch information, with plates, too, in many cafes difplaying even the moft minute work tools employ- ed in each. : The hiftories and detail of manufaéto- ries conduéted in each place, ought, I prefume, to form a principal objeét with the writers of local hiftories ; yet very few of thefe gentlemen are enabled io obtain fuch accountsas they can depend on, from the felfith and monopolizing fpirit of the manufacturers in general. To thefe various advantages an objec- tion may be offered—that dilplay is plac- ing objects of taxation in the view of the Minifter. Beit fo: dilplay wiil make it eafier to.coliect the tax, will make it more cervain, and it may be, lefs oppreffive.— Ii to thefe be added the above advantages, it may fairly be prefumed that dilcovery and confequent improvement is the mott advantageous track to be purfued. But on this fubjeét I do not mean io much to offer only my own fentiments, as to Lolicit the opinion of your correlponsents. Tam, Sir, your's, &c. . Newcofile, Joun CLENNELL. 17th Feb. 1805. No Ie 100 To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. SIR, HAVE afferted that Vafco Lobeira is the author of ** Amadis of Gaul.”— As this is a curious point of literary hif- tory, and fome of the Reviews have con- tradidted the affertion, allow meas bricfly as poffible to {tate the proofs by which it is fupported. 1. The Portugueze have always afcrib- ed the romance to this author. 2. It was evidently written when the Court of Windfor was the moft {plendid of the Courts of Chriftendom ; therefore it is notolder than the time of Lobeira. 3» The names Oriana, Lifuarte, Gti- mavefa, and Briolania, are Portugueze. 4. The Spanifh verfion, the oldeft which is known to be extant, refers to a Portugueze original, and fays, that an In- fanta of Portugal had objeéted to a cer- tain part of the ftory. There exifts a fon- net, in old Portugueze, attributed to a Portugueze Infante, addreffed to Vafco Lobeira, as author of “* Amadis,” and objeG&ting to this very part. 5. Gomer Eanner de Zurara, librarian to the King of Portugal, and keeper of the archives, in a chronicle written 1463, fixty years after Lobeira’s death, has this decifive paflage :—‘* Many authors, be- ing defirous to lengthen their works, fill tp their books by relating how princes paffed their time in banquettings and games and revels, from which nothing fol- Jowed except their own diverfion ; as in the ancient feats of England, which is call- ed Great Britain, and in the book of s‘ Amadis,” though that was made wholly at the pleafure of a man called Vafco Lobeira, in the time of King D. Fernando, all the things in the faid book being feigned by the author.” In reply to thefe arguments and this teftimony, it is faid that D’Herberay and Tretian fpeak of certain originals in the Picard language. Neither of thefe authors {peak decifively. The one fays, *¢ he remembered fuch manufcripts which he thought might be the originals ;”’ the other, that ‘* he zbougot he nad feen fuch among Queen Chriftina’s collection in the Vatican.’” Thefe authorities are of little weight. Such manufcripts, however, may probably have exifted, and are eafily accounted for. The daughter of Joam I, who knighted Wafco Lobeira,. married Philip the Good of Burgundy. .What more probable than that this Infanta (for all the family were learned and were pa- 2 Author of Amadis de Gaul.—Blight in Fruit-Trees. [Sept. 1, trons of learning) fhou'd have taken to her hufband’s court the romance which was the delight of her father’s, and that it fhould have been tranflated to pleafe her ? The Picard verfion, therefore, if it could ‘be produced, would not invalidate Lobei- ra’s claim. On thefe grounds I fhall think myfelf juttified in afferting, in the literary Hiftory of Portugal, that Vafco Lobeira is the author of ** Amadis of Gaul,’ the molt celebrated of the profe romances, and the beft. I have thus defended my opinion, be- caufe, unle(s I miftake, one of the Re- views in queftion was written by a gen- tleman for whofe talents I have the higheft refpect, whofe knowledge of chivalrous literature exceeds mine, and with whom I would not venture to break a {pear any where except on my own ground. RogperT SOUTHEY. een To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. SIR, : N the gardens in this neighbourhood, our fruit-trees, efpecially the apple, are this year infefted with what the gar- deners call the American blight, which has a white mouldy appearance, and, when rubbed between the fingers, tinges them with a blood-like ftain. I have obferved that it firft attaches to the cancerous part neareft the trunk, and proceeds upward, and, if not checked, I have feen it almoft cover all the branches like a hoar-froft, IT firft ufed Mr. Forfyth’s compofition, then lye and urine ; but the effect of thefe were vifible only for two or three days.— I then tried Gallipoli-oil, of which I had fome by me that was rancid, and fora week or two I flattered myfelf that I had — completely fucceeded in a remedy of pre- vention, as well as of deftruction ; but experience has taught me that it ‘deftroys the infeéts where applied, but that it does not prevent their attaching to other parts of the tree; fo that I find it neceflary to go round my garden twice a-week with my oil and brufh to keep under thefe tranfatlantic enemies. I fhall be much obliged to any of your” horticultural readers to inform me, through your extenfive and ufeful publi-- cation, if this be a new {pecies of blight, ~ and if there has been difcovered any effec tual remedy for its cure and its preven tion, which will very much oblige, Sir, your’s, &c. 6 OF Portfmouth, Fuly 17, 1805e To 1805.] Abufe of Crofs-Examination.— Indian Chief in England. 101 To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. SIR, AM defirous of propofing a query to fome of your various readers better verfed in the ulage of courts of law than mylelf,“ cr poflefing greater facilities of refearch.; out have had fume doubts whether it came within the {cope of your work. Conceiving it, however, to be one of your chief objects to fubferve the caule of general ufefulnefs, and anticipating in _ the reply to my query the exiftence of a privilege which it is important, in my Opinion, to be made as generally known as poflible, I make choice of your wark as belt affording the means of a fatisfac- tory reply, and alfo of moft ufefully and extenfively circulating that reply. “* Has a witne/s in any of our courts of law aright to demand, in any cafe, that the interrogatories of the adverfe counfel /hall be put through the medium of the court 2” It muft have fallen within the obferva- tion of many of your readers, that the _ gentlemen of the bar, in the practice of crofs examination, very freyuently aflume a molt unbridled liberty of {peech and ad- drefs, and evince a molt fupreme indif ference to the reputation or feelings of any unfortunate man, who, while his duty hes called him to the grave tafk of giving an evidence upon oath, is at the fame time fubjeéted to the uncontrouled exercife of their wit and banter. I do not, of courfe, mean to call in queftion the propriety of _ crofs-examination; it is,only the grofs _ abufe of it of which I complain. It is obfervable, too, that the raillery and ri- dicule thus introduced is frequently but little relevant to the caufe. It may, in _ Many inftances, be confidered as acompo- ~ fition which the counfel makes with his ' client for the want of ingenuity to draw forth the defired evidence. A counfel, "e too, in a crowded court, cannot readily ~ confent to be dull and dry: if, there- fore, he cannot thine, he will ftrive to giitter. BS _ Within the circle of my own acquaint- ance a cafe occurred in which this (porting of the oppofite counfel was indulged by fome very rude and equally irrelevant in- finuations, from which no poffible benefit i accrue to his caufe, and topwhich I 4 ; am very confident that his brief did not in "the leaft point lead him. ry But there have been inftances in which this praétice has been carried fo far as ab- DF folutely to defeat the means of juftice, by completely locking tip, inftead of Grawing forth, that information which a witnels of a timid mind could otierwile + a * ‘ :: have given; and in which a witnefs, by the cauftic taunts of the counfel, has been thrown into a ftate of phyfical inability to give his evidence. If fuch a right exift (and I have heard it sfferted by perfons of confiderable legal information) as that which forms my query, a witnels may at once rid himfely of this humiliating grievance; as it may be fafely affumed that queftions put to a witnefs through the medium of the judge will not be accompanied with that bad- gering which a counfel feels himfelf at li- berty to indulge in when immediately ad~ dreffing a witnefSs. And it muft unquef- tionably be allowed to be worthy of gene- ral notoriety, as it would tend much to relieve the minds of many perfons upon whom this tafk may be impofed, to be previoufly aware that they can thus blant the edge of that pertnefs and flippancy which they may meet with from a counfel, by the greater gravity and folemnity of the judge. The infertion of the above wii] oblige a conftant reader, and A Lover oF JusriceE. -Fuly 12, 1805. —— To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. SIR, Ce in your Magazine of this month fome circumfances re- fpe€ting an Indian chief who lately vifited this country, I beg leave to ftate that ma. ny of thofe circumitances are in iccurately related, and, at the fame time, to fend you an account of the fame perion, drawn trom the fource of iniimate acquaintance and knowledge. The perfon who in this country is cali, ed John Norton, is known in his owa by the appellation of ‘’Teyoninhoka- rawen,” which fignifies ¢ the open door,’ he once having, by his negotiation, opea~ ed the door of peace to his tribe after a lung and bloody war. Teyoninhokarawen isa chief of what were formerly termed the Five Nations; to which confederacy a fixth has been re- cently added. . Their original habitation was on the Genefee River, which falls in- to the fouthern part of Lake Ontario — From this they were driven by the Englith in 1783, andeftablifhed themfelves on the Oufe or Grand River, that runs into the north-callern extremity of Lake Erie,— General Haldimand, then commanding in America on behalt of the Englith, made a military grant of thefe lands on the Grand River to the Five Nations ; and the 102 the bufinefs that has brought Ttyoninho- karawen ‘o our countrv is to obtain from Government a confirmation of that grant. Though previoufly informed thet his mo- ther was a native of Scotland, and that, from the age of thirteen to that of fifteen, he had been educated at a Britith {chool, I was firuck by the uncommon eloquence of his difcourfe. His obfervatiors were acute, and the language in which they were conveyed ftreng and elegant. In hiftory, both ancient and modern, he is well verfed ; in geography he difplays pe- culiar information ; aad. on every fubject conneéted with his country his intelligence js minute, and delivered with the moit lively feeling. His perfon is tall and mut: cular, but his walk not very graceful ; his eye large and expreflive. His thirit after every {pecies ot knowledge is extreme ; but his particular atlention is devo'ed to obiain every information that may im- prove the condition of his country. Tey- oninhokarawen is a Chiifian, as are mott of his nation. He has completed a Trant- lation of the Gofpel of St. John into the Mohawk language, of which three thou- fand copies have been printed. He in- tends to proceed with the Evangelifts Matthew and Luke, the Five Nations be- ing already in poficffion of a Mohawk Tranflaticn of St. Mark, and the Liturgy of our Church, by Colonel Brent, a na- tive Mohawk. The religion of Teyonin- hokarawen appears to me the purelt Chri!- tianity ; and in every convertation which Thad with him on that fubjeét, he ex- prefled faith, humility, and brotherly love forall men. Seldom have I met witha chara@ter fo beautifully interefting even in its finaller ornaments, or one who fo com- pletely poficflzd the virtues of a patriot and aChriftian, as J-hn Norton, Teyonin- hokarawen. Iain, Sir, &c. Bath, Fuly 21, 1805. D. C——t. P.S. My friend received when he was chriftened the baptifmal names of John Nor- ton. ent To the Ediior of the Monthly Magazine. SIR, : OUR Correfpondent Y. Z. (in page 6 of your laf’ Number) has fairly flated what French verfification zs 0t.— For the information of the Englith reader jt would have been weil to have addela few words, explaining what ztis. Ibeg leave to fupply his omiffion, by obferving, that the meafure ufed by the French for heroic poetry, tragedy, and comedy, is the Alexandrine, whicn is familiar to French Poetry.— American Borer.—New Cyclopeeaia. [Sept 34 every reader at all acquainted with Dry- den : ex. gr. ¢* No plough fhall hurt the glebe, no prun- ing-hook the vine.’— ‘€ Je chanté le héros, qui regna fur la France,” As different this from the ** Cobler who liv'd ina flall,? as the cobler’s ftall is from the lord mayor's ftate-coach. It is tree, indeed, that the uniformity of the paufe, invariably recurring after the fixth fyllable, renders fuch pociry fomewhat monctonous and unpteafing to ao Englifh ear, which is accultomed to greater vari- ety in our ten-fyllable verfe : but that is another queftion, and foreign to my pre- fent purpofe. Your contlant reader, Augufl 4, 1805. Caius. ° To the Editor of ibe Monthly Magazine. SIR, HE American ‘* borer,’’ mentioned in your la(t, is certainly an ingenious and ufeful inflrument. I have feen and admired it in America, and haveno doubt, that, if introduced here, it would give great fatisfaétion, But there is a part of your defcription, which, though in itfelf corre&t, will not perhaps be readily com- prehended by mechanics in general, viz. “© @ wide flat ferew, hammered up from a plate of iron or ftecl.’—The following will, I believe, be underftood by every car= penter—** A plate of iron or fieel twiffed in the fame fajbion as fmall ferew-drivers Frequently are, and ending ina centre-bit.” —Let me add, that this tool dces not, like the ordinary centre-bit, require the aid of a ftock, but may be worked by hand, like a common augre or gimblet. Iam, Sir, your’s, &c. Auguft 45 1805. TEREBRO. To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. SIR, i AVING been induced to contribute fome articles relating to the praétice of phyfic to the New Cyclopzedia, now pubdlifhing under the fuperintendance of Dr. Rees, I wifh, through the channel of your Magazine, to make known to what ex'ent thofe communications have been 5 alfo, that Lam no longer a fellow-labour-. | er in that ofeful undertaking : for I have found that the time required for that pur- pofe was more than I could conveniently {pare frém my other engagements. Had it been fo, I fhould have telt much fatis- faction in co-operating with thole gentle- men (eminently ditinguifhed for their knowledge » 1805.] knowledge in the various departments of fcience) whofe names nave been announced in the Cyclopxdia-ProfpeGtus, towards the completion of a work which ftands in fuch high eftimation, and promifes to ri- val, if not to furpals, the moft celebrated works of the kind which have keen pud- Sifhed in other countries. As for my contributions to this work, they have been but few. Thry relate wholly to the hiftory and treatment of in- ternal difeafes, with the exception of the aiticles BATHING (medicinally confider- ed); BLeepING ; BLoop (mo:hid ap- pearances of); and Bite (difeated con- ditions of). Thefe, with the other com- | Munications, are comprifed within the lar- _ ter vart of the letter A and the letter B, beginning with AstHms and ending with Buuimia. T have thought it proper to make this declaration, that, if there be any thing faulty or unfatis!actory in the articles re- Jating to the praétice of phyfic, from Afthma to Bulimia inclufively, no cenfure may attach either to my predeceflors or my fucceffors in that department. Iam, Sir, your's, &c. ; RicHarD PEARSON, Bloomfbury fquare, Auguf 12, 1805. —_——a— “Reply to Polites on the To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. sik, €€ Audi alteram partem !"” ' OUR Correfpontent ‘ Polites” .(p. 4, of your la(t Number) has indeed drawn a very fingular pifture of our Efta- blifhed Church; fucha one, as, if it exhi- biteda faithful likenefs of the original, would affuredly expofe it to deferved contempt. The conformity of its government to the ‘primitive model left by the Apoftles, and the agreement of its doétrines with thofe of holy writ, are equally overlooked by this liberal gentleman !—‘é Indifferent as to the religious fyft'em which may be final- Ty triumphant in the contett”” be fuppoies _ Bow to be going on, he has the temerity te reprefent a religious eltablifhment, ve- rable by its great age, and inftituted efsly to infure the {pread of pure iftianity in this kingdom, as in fad leulated for no better, nobler, or more Nportant purpofes, than “¢ to provide a erfionary emolument for the younger and dependents of our great families, » lupported rather as fources of lument toa few, than as ufeful or ne- ‘Geary to the community ;”” as a mere piece of flate-machinery ; fp!endid in- ty gentry 5 as, like ** other eftablith-- Church Eftablifhment. 108 deed, but of no greater intrinfic value, than as it is calculated by its pomp foim- pole upon the vulgar, or to be rillied around as the ccmtre of a mere political fyftem :”’ ‘n fhorr, as no other or better than a fecular corporation, or as a grand political ftate-engine. And as if this jajurious mifreprefenta- tion was not fufficiently degrading, he boldly maintains, that, ‘* if the majority of Serious believers in the kingdom fhould become feparatifts, (till our ecclefiaftical eftablifhment wou'd not be endangered !"” Strange, and truly humiliating this in- deed !—To affert that a Chriitian Church cin fubfift, aud even flsurith as it does at prefent, when the majority of its ferious believers, i. e. real Chriftians, are be- come diflatished with its difcipline or doc- trines, and have withdrawn themfelyes from its communion! Deferted thus by its moft valuable members; acknowlede~ ed and frequented only by the ignorant multitude, or at bef the mere tormal no- minal profeff.1s, its utility is lof; its ‘© glory is departed ;” and its final melan- chely cataftrophe can be at no great dif- tance, This high colouring, or rather this hi- deous caricature, does not, however, com- plete the job Polites has undertaken, he referves his great charaéteriltic fhade to the laft, and, as a finsfhing ftroke, repre- fents the ** hich-churchmen” as in * tri- umphant’’* sapture liftening to the advice of “ fome zealots ureing them on to per- fecution !"’ I could forgive his other ac- cufations, as the mere ebullitions of zeal without knowledge, or as arifing folely from his ignorance ef the real conftitution, difcipline, dogtrine, and fpirit of our ex- cellent Church: but when he rathly af ferts that her minifters have fo totally for- gotten the very firt principles of Chrif- tianity, as to liflen with patience, much more with complacency, to the fuggef_ tions of bigots for the commencement of a religious perfecution, it would be a crime even in the loweft orders among them to remain filent, or to feel no indig~ * How can the prefent be reprefented a5 ‘€ the hour of triumph to high-churchmen,’” if the arguments of Polites have any weight? A church deferted by many of her « ferious members,” defcribed as little better than a foundling-hofpital for poor children ; colleé- ing her principal revenue under © the eye- crations”’ of thofe who pay them; and, in fine, depending chiefly upon Aéts of Parliae ment for its privileges and duration, cannot be in a very cefirable, much lefs triumphant, condition ! past 104 Synonymical Didionary.—French Poetic Meafure, &c. |Sept. 1, nant emotions at fuch a calumnious iofi. nuation. Polites is therefore called upon to pro- duce his proofs that any propofals haye been made in the Church, or any plan de- vifed by her, for’ perfecuting the Metho- difts, or any other Diffenters ? You, Mr. Editor, have been the inftrument of pub- lifhing ‘* Polites’s” letrer ; I therefore hope you will be fo equitable and impar- tial as to publith this reply to it. Augufi 7, 1805. Yours, CLERICUS. —= a Fo the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. SJ Ry}. r HE auhor of a Plan of a Philological and Synonymical Dictionary, &c. hav- ing been honoured with a requelt from J. S. in your publication for March lait, that he would ** communicate fome ixfor- mation concerning the ftate of maturity to which his propofed work has attained, and the period to which its appearance fhall be aifignable,”"—the Requefter is de- fired to accept candidly what is now offered in an{wer.—Some part of the propofed work was printed in 1799, then fully in- tended, and even ordered, for publication. This was prevented by the death of the printer. Since that event many things have occurred not important enough tor the public to be made acquainted with, which had induced the writer to drop all thoughts of publifhing. Lately, however, prevailed upon to refume his undertaking, he is at his leifure revifing and ordering to the prefs what, notwithitarding, he has not yet come to the determination of fuf- tering tomeet the public eye. Burgh, Fily 40, 1805. ——= To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. SIR, Se is very fingular that men profefling a religion which inculcates the mild and amiable doétrine of loving even our enemies, fhould, in any publication which relates: to the conduct and welfare of a rifing generation, indulge themfelves in jlliberal infinuations againft the natives of foreign countries. So long as we have *¢ Devil Taverns,” it might be thought in- congruous to object to ** Anti-Gallican C..ffee-houfes :” the fooner both are abo- lithed the better. Let us unite in defpif- ing and repelling what is unworthy of imi- tation in our neigbours, and moft of all Jet us avoid fetting them examples which jt might be difgraceful to follow ; but let us candidly admire their better parts, and realize the precept, ** fas eff et ab hojle docerz.” ht } A portion of the above remarks will apply to the author of ‘* Hints for form- ing the Charaéter of a young Princefs 5°? whofe ignorance of the principles of French poetry has received a juft and maf- terly caftigation from the pen of your ~ Correfpondent ¥Y. Z. If the meafure of © the French poetry in qneftion be anapzf-- tic, the two firft lines of the Henriade will fiand as follow : Jé chante l€ héros qtii régna ftir 1a France, Et par droit dé conquéte ét par drdit dé naif- fance ; and if the ‘* Hinter’’ chufes to gallop in this manner through the regions of French poetry, a good journey to him ; but it is oe he will leave the young princefs bes ind. It will be efeemed a favour if the gen- tleman who in the Magazine for July laft communicated the flattering infcription on a medallion of Louis XIV. will have the goodnefs to ftate whether he tranferibed it from the medallion itlelf, or from~ what " other authority, Some well-ftored cabi- — nets have been examined, and the large work on the medals of Lovis XIV. turn- ed over, for the purpole of tracing it, but hitherto without fuccefs. Some account of the reverfe is likewife requefted. A igufi 8, 1805. D. To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. SIR, Wye your ingenious Obferver on — the Notes on Heyne’s Virgil comes to X. $61. defire him to confider — whether or not the verfe— . “ Rhoebe, diu, res fi qua diu mortalibus ulla eft, : do not ftand in need of correétion. None of the Commentators have'remarked — that gua and ulla cannot ftand together! If any any! I know nothing like it in~ any Janguage, but the Irith af all at all. The various readings give ultra, without mending tne matter. I propofe Rhoebe, diu, (res fi qua diu mortalibus) una — Viximus. Una increafes the affe&tion, and’ an- fwers to mecum and pariter. ‘* We have lived long together: We will.conquer to- gether: Or die together. Whether your Obferver fhall agree to my emendation or not, I am fure that he: pities, with me, the tafte of thole critics who do not think this moft interefting ad- drefs of Mezentius to his Veteran Steed worth reftoring to all poffible perkcthen 7 : G 1805.] To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. R, TN your ufeful publication for Decem- dt ber laft (page 382), a query was pro- ' pofed on the method of pronouncing Breck and Latin poetry, and the commu- nications of your Correfpondents were invited on that interefting fubject. Since _ reading that article, I have looked with eagernefs. into each fucceffive number of your Magazine, hoping to find fome re- ' plies to a queftion which muft be acknow- edged to be important. Hitherto, how- ever, I have been difappointed. Your valuable and learned Correfpondent, Mr. Robinfon, has noticed the fubjeét, and has feconded the requeft of the former “writer ; but with regret I add, that he thas refrained from giving any fentiment ‘of hisown. If the fubjeét be permitted to fink into inattention or indifference, I believe that your Correfpondent O. E. I. will not be the only difappointed perfon. Yet fuch muft be the cafe, unlefs fome ‘one will venture to throw his fentiments into the field of public criticifm. With much diffidence I enter upon this hazard, ~ but with the hope that this communica- ~ ‘tion will excite to more important ones. * Your iquerift thinks, that *¢ the current _ Englifh mode of reciting the two noblelt lan- “4 ‘guages that ever ado:ned the earth, is in "the very extreme of cacophony, barbarifin, 7 ‘and felf-contradi&ion.” Perhaps this is ‘too ftrong cenfure, but I fear it is juft to _ @confiderable extent. Our current mode Of reading Greek and Latin, may, I ap- _ ‘prehend, be defcribed with tolerable accu- “Yacy to be, an application of the cuftom _ “of accenting peculiar to our own lan- ees, regulated ina {mall degree by pro- dodialrules. I ufe the word “accent” in RY ciodern fenfe, to denote the i@us or firefs of the voice placed ufually on one “fyilable only of a word, except that word be a very long polyfyllabic one, in which icafe we fometimes obferve two accented Fyllables, as < incomménfurability.” This ~feems to be the bale of our prevailing pro. “nunciation ; but we combine with ita partial regard to profodialrules. Thus Wwe accent the firlt {yllable of a daétyl, and tha ppy would it be if we always did fo well. But if we meet with a pyrrhic, a “tribrach, a cretic, a {pondee,* or even an mbus, we commonly do exdétly the ~ * Ido not objeé& to the accent on the firft fyllable of a fpondee or cretic, but to its be~- made to re(t folely there. Thus we ge- Merally hear urbes uttered as if it were a tro« hee, and perfidis as if it were a datyl. ’ Montury Mac. No. 133. On the Pronunciation of Greek and Latin Poetry. 105 fame! Doss the reader revolt at this af- fertion, avd almoft determive to withhold his belief? - Let him impartially confider how three fcholars out of four read Ho- race, Virgil, and Hoiner, and I fear he will be compeiled to admit the monftrous fact. Of all the beautiful varieties of metre in Horace, there are but four, ac- cording to my humble apprehenfion, in which we produce any tolerable effectt.— Thefe are, the Sapphic and its fubjoined Adonic, the dimeter Iambic, and the di- meter Alcaic of feven fyllables. For ¢x- ample: Sapph. & Ad. Audiet cives acuiffe ferrum, Quo graves Perf melius perirent 5 Audiet pugnas, vitio parentum Rara juventus, Dim. Iamb, Amica vis paftoribus. Dim. Alc. 7 fylle Lydia, dic, per omnes. Yet really, Sir, I am afraid this allow- ance is rather too much. TI have fele&ted the foregoing verles as fome which will pals through our lips-Jefs crufhed and in- jared than the moft of their brethren; yet even thefe do not efcape us unhurt, and of their fellows many are murdered outright. As for the trochaics, the ana- pettics, the trimeter iambics, the choriam- bics, &c. and even the foaring alcaic, the plaintive pentameter, and the venerably- majettic hexameter, they are treated by us with lefS cerymony than the verieft refufe of Grub-fiveet doggerel—with re/peét to their meafure only do I mean ; for their noble fentiments and happy di&ion pene- trate and move us in f{pite of the obfta- cles which ourjelves have created. The difadyantages of our prevailing method of reading the Greek and Roman poets feem to fall under the following di- itin&t heads. 1. We do no juftice to thofe final fyl- lables whofe natural fhort quantity be- comes long by pofition, though fcarcely a verfe occurs without {ach an initancé.— In defiance of reafon and feeling, and (what to fome perfons perhaps is a more cogent argument) a fundamental Jaw of profody, we perfift in making them fhort ; except, indeed, when the (yllable,in quef- tion is lengthened by an eaelitic, and then, fo gracious and condelcending are we, iis to grant to the “little appendage its peaceable enjoyment of thar right which we tyrannically refufe to almoft every word of dignity and confequence. ' a, Conceding, for the prefent, thata fyllable 106 fyllable accented in our own vernacular method is equivalent to a long one, and is to be fo confidered ; yet, even on this principle of our own, we ftrangely length- en many fyllables which we perfectly well know to be fhort, and fhorten a ftill greater number of long fyllables. In the firft twelve verles of the fii (t book of the Georgics,when pronounced after the vulgar method of ac- centuation, I have counted eleven inflances of the former kind, and twenty-five of the latter, or, including the final fyllable of each verfe, which we almoft invariably defraud of its prerogative, thirty-feven. And fo arbitrary and unaccountable is our ca- price, that, while we perfecute with almcft indelible opprobrium the man or boy who cafually violates profody in any infance which we have made fafhionable to ob- ferve, we ftill, without fcruple or remorfe, commit ten falfe quantities in the fame breath. 3. We fcarcely ever render fenfible to the ear fome of the mot mufical feet in claffical poetry. For a {pondee, a pyrrhic, or even an iambus, we rarely fail to fub- ftitute our favourite trochee ; and happy is the lot of a polylyllabic foot if it efcapes being fpoiled by dagtylization. A mo- loffus, a difpondee, or any of the epitrites, fall from our mouths robbed of their fene- rous honours, and withered as in the lait ftage of atrophy. Often we deprive the anapeft of all its melody, by fhortening its final {yllable and accenting its firft-— The choriambus, when it falls on a fingle word, as it does in thoufands of inftances, we commonly torture into a fecond pzon. ‘The fame treatment we give to the fourth pzon ; and indeed there is hardly a foot ending in along fyllable, efpecially if that fyllable be alfo the final one of a word, which we do not punctually maim in that effential part. 4. The fyftem of prof-dy itfelf is ren- dered in a great meafure dormant and powerlefs. By finking the very nature of quantity into the notion of a modern accent, and by the habitual violation of koown rules, the maxims and the autho- rity of profody are compelled to flide into defuetude. Hence a’ nice attention to quantity and metres becomes rather a cu- riofity of literature and a mark of fuperior f{cholarthip, than, what it ought ever to be confidered, a matter of great practical utility. 5. We are deprived of the important advantage of diftinguifhing words and enfes which are alike in orthography, but differ motft widely in fignification and in quantity. If their refpective quantity On the Pronunciation of Greek and Latin Poetry, [Sept. 1, were ftrongly marked in pronunciation, befides the improvement of found, all am- ~ biguity in conftruétion would be prevent- ed. In Latin, every one knows that the number of fuch inftances is very great ; and in reciting Greek, the advantage of this obfervance would not be trivial, though occafions occur lefs frequently, on account of the more ample ftore of vowels and diphthongs, and the greater variety of inflections, which that exquifite lan- guage poffefles. Dr. Wainer has, with juft ridicule, yet perfe€t gocd nature, ex- pofed various examples of falfe and ludi- crous interpretation, arifing from the com- mon abufes of quantity. See his Metron Arifion, paffim. 6. All pra&tical acquaintance with the rhythmus, or the melody of a juft obler- vance, difpofition, and conneétion, of the times, is rendered impoffible. Probably the difficulties which have perplexed this fubject, and which have deterred many from giving to it any attention, have ori- ginated from the neglect of veal quantity in pragtice, more than from any other caule.—See Burgefs's Appendix to Dawes, p- 445-451. On the paflage attributed to Longinus, the reader will find it worth while to compare Metron Arifion, p. 205 21. The able elucidations of a learned dignitary, in his Treatife De Rhbythme Grecorum, Ox. 1789, are not only fa- vourable to reading according to quantity, but they fatisfa&torily thew, that the prac-~ tice ought to be extended to profe compo- fition. 7. We are prevented from diftinguith- ing, clearly and audibly, the varieties of metre, to the great lofs of our own plea- fure, and to the injury of the poet’s rights. But, having mentioned this before, I only introduce it here to complete the cata- — logue of evils arifing from the mode pre- vailing in South Britain of reciting Greek and Latin verte. I do nct affirm that thefe feven defe&ts — attach in an equal degree to all icholars who follow the common practice ; but — only mean to affert, that they are the ge- nuine refult of that practice ; that fome of — them neceflarily arife out of it ; and that they are all found to be its moft general and ufual attendants. It is a further objection to the eftablifh- ed method, that it apparently proceeds on ~ the tacit admiffion of two very material errors. The firft is, that our Englith fenfe of the term accent is the fame as the true and ancient fignification of accentus.— Our accent is a mere ftrefs of the voice, with — 1805.] Onthe Pronunciation of Greck and Latin Poetry. with very little or no change of tone.*— ‘The accentus, or Upocwdiw, of the an- cients probably referred to mufical modu- lations of the voice in that kind of recita- tive with which they delivered poetry and orations. To this miftake we join another. We very often fubfitute our own accent in- ftead of a long time ; indeed I believe al- moft always, when the fyilable is long by pofition. For inftance, we fcarcely ever hear a daétyl in which the firft fyllable is not made quite as fhort as either of the fucceeding ones, and differs only by be- ing accented. Frequently, indeed, the very ftroke of the accent accelerates the rine to fuch a degree, that the ong fyllable becomes fenfibly the fhorteft of the three. I objerved that we at upon a tacit ad- - miffion of thefe errors ; for it is not to be fuppofed that a perfon moderately inform- ed on thefe fubjects, can in opinion fall into errors fo palpable, whatever he may do in practice. The confequence of this practical mif- take is a hafty, huddled, mutilated pro- nunciation of compofitions which require perfectly oppofite treatment. The genius _ of the Greek and Roman tongues will not comport with that of our Teutonic dia- le&. Inftead of a rapid utterance which crufhes the vowels under the trampling _ fuccefiion of confonants, and an accentu- ation ufvally as {mart and quick as the tap _ of a knocker, thofe melodious languages, particularly the firft of them, require an enunciation charaéterized by the flow of fweet, fonorous vowels and diphthongs, conftituting a very large proportion of truly long times. Thefe are the chief reafons of my dif- fatisfafion with ‘the current Englifh mode of reciting the twonobleft languages that ever adorned the earth.’ I fubmit them, with a!l deference and refpect, to your learned Correfpondents ; from any of whom I fhall efteem it an equal favour to corroborate, in any inftance, my opinion if right, or to correct it if erroncous. _ It will have been anticipated, that my ‘defign in troubling you with this long Paper is to recommend the praétice of EE eee eee SS ® It is true that the Englifh accent is fre- “quently placed ona long fyllable, as in the Words glory, faithful, record; from which circume ance Sheridan has grofsly confounded accent with quantity, in his Ledtures on Elocution. _ Buch inftances can fairly be confidered as no- _ thing more than a mere coincidence of acceat With a lung time. ‘ ius 107 reading by quantity, as a fure method of avoiding the inconveniences enumerated, and of fecuring fome further impor- tant advantages. To this practice, I prefume, your querift muft have referred, when he (peaks of a ‘* method of reading the Greek and Latin poets, fo as to pre- ferve the charms of due quantity in the feet, and confequent melody in the gene- ral effeé&t.”’ This is that method which was recom- mended above two hundred years ago by Sir Adolphus 4 Meetkercke, in his * ele- gant little book,”’ as the great Prefident de Thou ftyles it, De Vetert et Re&d Lin- gue Grace Pronuntiatione; which the late Dr. Warner again recommended with ardent zeal and earneftnefs in his vaiuable and entertaining Metron Ariffon; which Dr. Carey not ob{curely, though very mo- deftly, diftinguifhes with his prefer-nce in his very excellent ** Latin Profocy made Eafy 5°? which is praétifed by many of the firt {cholars on the Continent;* and which the two lalt-mentioned authors in- form us has been adopted by feveral emi- nent teachers in our own country. This method, as fimple and eafy as it is excellent, confifts in neither more nor _lefs than pronouncing the words of a verfe fo as to give its due quantity, in real time, to every fyllable. This is, in faét, the whole: but, to prevent all occafion of mifunderftanding, three obfervations may be ufeful. 1. It does not confift in breaking and {plitting the words, by attending only to the feec. Bifhop Horfley, in his ‘* Effay on the Profodies of the Greek and Latin Languages,”’ has retailed this objection from Primatt, that the «* manner of read- ing by quantity was rather a {canning of the verfe than areading of it.”” Nothing can be more erroneous, or more contrary to the exprefs words of Meetkercke.—Sce Metron Arifton, p. 119. It mutt, how- ever, be admitied, that an inexperienced, heedle{S, or taftelefs perfon, profeffing to read according to quantity, might fall into this vicious habit, But the fault may be avoided with the utmoft eafe, by moderate attention and care, even withcut the aid of Dr. Warner’s propoled method for that * Perhaps Hermann, who, in his editioa of the Hecuba of Euripides, hus fo unfortu- nately incurred the wrath of Profeflor Porfon, referred to nothing more than the advantage of reading according to quantity, when he took the liberty of faying, ** Nos Germani— multomelius Anglis fyllabarum quantitatem cailemus.” O2 purpofe. 108 purpofe, In fact, the obje&ion may be urged with equal propriety againft the way in which every Englifhman reads the poetry of his own tongue: and I cannot but confider the adducing of it, againft the propofed method of reading claffical verfe, as a ftrong prefumption in favour of the antiquity and authority of that me- thod. An-inedited work on metres, at- tributed to Trypho the grammarian, who was contemporary with Auguftus, con- tains fome exprefs cautions againt this vicious practice. Does not this circum- ftance authorize the fuppofition, that the mede of reading by quantity, of which the bad habit cenfured by Trypho is a dege- nerate imitaticn, was the approved and eltablifhed practice of the Auguitan age ? —Ser the paffage in ‘* Burgefs on Dawes,” “p: 441, 442, and the places which will “prefently be referred to in Cicero, Diony- fius of Halicarnaffus, and Quintilian. 2. This method does not require that emphafis, cadence, and due paufes, fhould be facrificed to the obfervance of mere quantity. On the contrary, an attentive reader of claffical poetry, endowed with a portion ef fenfibility and tafte, will find himfelf poffeffed of fome advantages from the method propofed, efpecially.in paf- fages pollefling much pathos. 3. In order to pronounce according to quantity with confiltency and eafe, I have found it neceffary to keep tothe fimple and uniform powers of the vowels, as they are obferved by almoft every -nation in Europe exceptcur own. Without this provifion we fhall find ourfelves exceed- ingly perplexed, if not totally baffled, in lengthening and fhortening the three firlt vowels, cn account ef the contradictory powers which they have when long and when fhort in the Englifh language.— Bifhop Horfley, in his ‘* Effay on Greek and Latin Profody,”’ frongly recommend- ed the asoption of this improvement with regard to the Greek vowels; and the fame arguments will apply to the Latin enes. By this deviation from the com- mon powers of the Englith vowels, we not cnly fecure uniformity, acquire a fu- perior power of melody, and become in- telligible to learned foreigners, but we certainly exprefs the original founds of thofe letters as enunciated in ancient Greece and Rome. Let not this be thought too high a pretenfion. It would -be no mean argument in its favour, to appeal to the uniform praétice of thofe nations whofe languages are little more than dialects of the Latin. But the tefti- mony of Dionyfius, who precifely defcribes > 2 On the Pronunciation of Greek and Latin Poetry. [Sept. 1, | the organic formation of each vowel and- confonant; places the fubjeé&t out of all — queftion.—Vide Diony/. Hal. de Strudtura, — Or. p. 94—96. ed. Upton. — If this letter had not already extended to a length far beyond my expectation, I would urge the great advantages which the fcholar will derive from the mode of pronunciation which I take the liberty of recommending. A few lines, therefore, mutt fuffice. 1. We fhall avoid the evils that have been enumersted as attendant on the com- mon practice, and fecure the very impor- tant advantages which are oppofed to them. : 2. We hall obtain a moft gratifying improvement in the melody. If any con. teft this, we appeal to the ancients them: felves, and defire our objector to reflect on the exquifite nicety of attention which they paid to the time of every fyllable they uttered in reciting verfes or delivering orations.—Vide Ciceronis Orator, § 51, 53> 55. Dionyf. Hal. de Sitrudura Ori § 17, 18. Quintil. L. ix. c. 5. 3. lt may be hoped that fo great an addition to the pleafure of reading the Greek and Roman poets will ftrongly ex- cite the diligence of learners, and will prove an allurement to their purfuit of claffical ftudies in the future and bufy years of life. So powerfully was Dr. Warner impreffed with this idea, that he made it the very title of his book—Metron Arifion ; or, a new Pleafure recommended. 4. Nothing will-conduce more com. pletely to eftablifh a habit of familiarity with the quantities of words. Hence the fcholar, in reading verfe, will enjoy a quick perception of its beautiful mechas nifm, and will acquire a ready faculty of forming a judgment on fufpeéted readings and propofed emendations ; and, if he ever attempt to write Greek or Latin por etry, he will be ftrongly guarded againft falfe quantities, and will efcape the druds gery of turning over inceffantly his Dice tionary, Thefaurus, or Gradus. ‘ 5. if the candid fcholar wili duly con=_ fider all the particulars, I hope he will admit the affertion, that the practice which it is the defignm of this Paper to recom=- mend, is an approximation to the true and anciest pronunciation. All the obje€tions to this method which — I have been abie to collect, are thefe three: « The labour of acquifition is more than the value of the propofed.advan= — tages.”—That labour is fo trivial as to be unworthy of confideration by any youll who ae RD, Soe eies saa se ‘ ar 1805.) who has the leat portion of literary-en- thufiafm. As to the value of the advan- tages, he that deems them {mall is wei- come to his opinicn; but he will pardon thofe who think differently. ~ & The oraétice will be found to have all - the incenveniencies of novelty and pecu- liarity.’"—Readily admitted; and thofe “Weonveniencies are very troublefome.— But, if Dr. Warner’s wifhes thould ever _ be realized, this difficulty will ceafe. In _ the mean time, it will be eafy to avoid fin- _ gularity, by ‘occafional compliance with the prevailing mode; and, with retired ‘ fcholars, the occafions demanding fucha compliance wil! not very frequently occur. » Another worthy gentleman exciaims, J like the old, eftablifhed, and approved method. It pleafes and fatisfies me; and therefore I beg to be excufed being trou- bled with your new-fangled notions.’’— This objeétion, I own, is unan{werable, except by the queftions of the Roman ora- » tor:—'* Quzx eft autem in hominibus tanta perverfitas, ut, inventis frugibus, glande vefcantur? An victus hominum _ Athenienfium beneficio excoli potuit ? Oratio non potuit ?” __ Allow me, Sir, to add, as a direét an- ' fwerto.the inquiry of your Correfpon- _ dent O. E. 1. that the reformed method of _ pronunciation, for which I have attempted _ to plead in this Paper, is adopted in the | Old Diffenting Academy at Homerton. , Lam, Sir, &c. » Homerton, J. P. Smiru. July 4 1805, may belt be confirued by * to leave behind.” The fenfidle idea exprefs- ed by the parent fubfantive whence this verb is derived, being unknown, ene can- not confidently decide on the propriety of its habitual employment. It is ufed for to quit reluctantly,” ‘to cede with re- gret,” ‘ to forfake unwillingly The acceflory idea, of difinclination accompa nies the Englifh ule of the word, but not always the Latin ufe of it : the purity of thofe idiomatic phrafes in which it oceurs amay therefore be. fufpected: and the word itfelf is in fome danger of being re- Jinquifhed for unintelligibility. I fufpeé& Jingua to be the root of the verb lzquere ; and that it originally meant ¢ to leave off tafting.’* ¢ That child was eafily wean- ed: it relinguifhed the -breaft without fraStioufnels.” ¢ We relinquifh wine dur- ing ficknefs, when we need it moft. 12. From the Latin reddere, to give again, comes the French rendre, to reftore ; and from the French reciprocal verb /e rendre (fe dedere, fe tradere) may be de- @uced, im its military fenfe at lealt, the Englihh verb ¢ to furrender.” © Toulon furrendered to the invader.”-— © The mighty Archimedes, too, furrenders now.” The ¢ furrender? of the lawyers is de- rived from furfum redditio, a giving up again, or rendering back. ‘¢ Copyhold eftates are furrendered by the tenant into the hands of the lord'for fuch purpofes as in the furrender are expreffed.” ¢ Surrender’ is the authentic term to ©releafe.” .A releafe operates by the greater eftate’s defcending upon the lef ; a furrender is the faliing of a lefs eftate inte a greater: the furrenderer muft be in poffeffion, and the furrenderee mutt have a higher eftate in which the eftate furrendered may merge. ¢ A bankrupt muft furrendcr wimfelf perfonally to the Commiffioners, which furrender prete&ts him from arreft, till his final examination is paft. * Our verb to Jack has an analogous ori- gin: it is etymologically conneéted with zo Jick, and with the German /echzen, to fmack -the tongue from thirft, § The lions do lack, and fufler hunger.’ Travels between the Tropics: [Sept. 1, | There are traces of an intermediate French verb /urrendre. > The following expreffions, although conform to ufage, thwart diametrically — the definitions of Dr. Trufler: a ‘ The righteous abandon the acquain- — tance of the depraved.—We leave Lon don to morrow.—I am compelled to for- fake my old walk ; for the foot-path is put by.—This is the thing they require in us, the utter relinquifhment of all things popifh.—Whiat is it that holds and keeps. the orbs in fixed flations and intervals, — againft an inceflant and inherent tendency ~~ to defert them?—Sure John and I are — more than quit.” ia The foilowing expreffions are alfo con= — form to ufage, and corroborate the fore. going definitions inferred from etymo- — logy : * © Thofe men are left, who love later hours than their companions ; thofe are forfaken, who negle& to cultivate the arts of pleafing; thole are given up, whom we defpair of reforming ; and thofe abandon+ ed, who perfevere in difgraceful condukt. —Efforts to fatisfy the morofe are gradu- ally relinquifhed. The old-age of the - childlefs is commonly deferted.’ ‘ He is urwilling to refign the orchard, — it yields fo well: ‘but he muft yield to ne= — ceffity, and quit it at Michaelmas ; unlefs ~ he will pay. for his whim, and fhould get the leafe ceded, or the fee fimple furren- dered.’ (To be continued.) —_—e For the Monthly Magazine. accounT of the rRave Ls betaveen the TROPICS of MESSRS. HUMBOLDT ~ and BONPLAND, 77 1799, 1800, 180K, 1802, 1803, amd 1804. Byj. Cc. DE- LAMETHERIE. (Concluded from page 17 of our laft Number.) , a URING his refidence at Quito, M. Humboldt received a letter from the — French National Inftitute, informing him that Captain Baudin had fet out for New — Holland, purfuing an eafterly courfe by — the Cape of Good Hope. He found it 4 neceflary, therefore, to give up all idea of © joining him, though our travellers had — entertained this hope for thirteen months, | by which means they loft the advantage — cf an ealy-paflage from the Havannah to — Mexico and the Philippines. It had made them travel by fea and by land more than — athoufand leagues to the fouth, expofed to every extreme of temperature, from fum-_ mits covered with perpetual {now to the y boito | 1805.] bottom of thofe profound ravines where the thermometer ftands night and day be- tween 259 and 31° of Reaumur. But, 'acceuftomed to difappointments of every kind, they readily confoled themfelves on account of their fate. They were once more fenfible that man mus depend only on what can be produced by his own ener- By; and Baudin’s voyage, or rather the alfe intelligence of the direftion he had ‘taken, made them traverfe immenfe coun- tries towards which no naturalift perhaps would otherwife have turned his refearches. M. Huniboldt being then refolved to purfue his own expedition, proceeded from Quito towards the river Amazon and Lima, with a view of making the im- portant obfervation of the tranfit of Mer- cury over the fun’s difk. Our travellers firt vifited the ruins of Lagtacunga, Hambato, and Riobamba, a diftri& convulfed by the dreadful earth- quake of the year 1797. They pafled through the fnows of Affonay to Cuenca, and thence with great difficulty, on ac- count of the carriage of their inftruments ’ and packages of plants, by the Paramo of Saraguro to Loxa. It was here, in the forefts of Gonzanama and Malacates, that they ftudied the valuable tree which firft made known to man the febrifuge qualities ‘of cinchora. The extent of the territory which their travels embraced, gave them ‘an advantage never before enjoyed by any botanift, namely, that of comparing the different kinds of cinchona of Santa Fé, Popayan, Cuenca, Loxa, and Jaen, with the cu/pa and cufpare of Cumana and Rio Carcny, the lattier of which, named im- pe oeey Cortex angufiura, appears to be- ong te a new genus of the pentandria “Monogynia, with alternate leaves. From Loxa they entered Peru by Aya- waca and Gouncabamba, traverfing the high fummit of the Andes, to proceed to the river Amazon. They had to pafs thirty-five times in the courfe of two days the river Chamaya, fometimes on a raft, and fometimes by fording. They faw the fuperb remains of the caufeway of Ynga, which may be compared to the moft beau- Hiful caufeways in France and Spain, and Which proceeds on the porphyritic ridge of ‘the Andes, from Cufcoto Affonay, and is fornifhed with cambo (inns) and public fountains. They then embarked on a raft of ochroma, at the {mall Indian vil- Tage of Chamaya, and defcended by the river of the fame name, to that of the meen, determining by the culmina- tvs _ tion of feveral ftars, and by the difference MonruHty Maa. No, 133. Travels between the Tropics. 113 of time, the aftronomical pofition of that confluence. La Condamine, when he returned from Quito to Para and to France, embarked on the river Amazon only below Quebrada de Chucunga; he therefore obferved the longitude only at the mouth of the Rio Napo. M. Humboldt endeavoured to fupply this deficiency in the beautiful chart of the French altronomer, navigat- ing the river Amazon as far as the cata- racts of Rentema, and forming at Tome- penda, the capital of the province of Jaen de Bracamorros, a detailed plan of that unknown part of the Upper Maranon, both from his own obfervations and the information obtained from Indian travel- lers. M. Bonpland, in the mean time, made an interefting excurfion to the forefts around the town of Jaen, where he difco.- vered new fpecies of cinchona; and after greatly fuffering from the fcorching heat of thefe folitary diftriéts, and admiring a vegetation rich in new f{pecies of Facgui- nia, Godoya, Porteria, Bougainvillea, Colletia, and Pifonia, our three travellers croffed for the fifth time the cordillera of the Andes by Montan, in order to retura to Peru. They fixed the point where Borda’s compa({s indicated the zero of the magnetic inclination, though at feven degrees of fouth latitude. They examined the mines of Hualguayoc, where native filver is found in large maffes at the height of 2000 toifes above the level of the fea, in mines, fome metalliferous veins of which contain petrified fhells, and which, with thofe of Huontajayo, are at prefent the richeft of Peru. From Caxamarca, celebrated by its thermal waters, and by the ruinsof the palace of Atahualpa, they defcended to Truxillo, in the neighbourhood of which are found veftiges of the immenfe Peru- vian city of Manfifche, ornamented with pyramids, in one of which was difcover- ed, in the eighteenth century, hammered gold to the value of more than 150,000l. fterling. On this weftern declivity of the Andes our travellers enjoyed, for the firft time, the ftriking view of the Pacific Ocean ; and from that !ong and narrow valley, the inhabitants of which are unacquainted with rain or thunder, and where, under a happy climate, the moft abfolute powers and that moft dangerous to man, thepcracy itfelf, feems to imitate the beneficence of nature. From Truxillo they followed the dry coafts of the South Sea, formerly wires an 114 and rendered fertile by the canals of the Ynga; nothing of which remains but melancholy ruins. When they arrived, by Santa and Guarmey, at Lima, they remained fome months in that interelting capital of Peru, the inhabitants of which are diftinguifhed by the vivacity of their genius and the liberality of their fenti- ments. M. Humboldt had the happinefs of obferving, in a pretty complete man- ner, at the port of Callao at Lima, \the end of the tranfit of Mercury : a circum- ftance the more fortunate, as the thick fog which prevails at that feafon often pre- vents the fun’s difk from being feen for twenty days. He was aftonifhed to find in Peru, at fo immenfe a diftance from En- rope, the neweft literary produétions in chemiftry, mathematics, and phyfiology ; and he admired the great intellectual aéii- vity of a people whom the Europeans ac- cufe of indolence and luxury. In the month of January 1803, our tra- veilers embarked in the King’s corvette La Caftora for Guyaquil ; a paflage which is performed, by the help of the winds and currents, in three or four days, wihiereas the return from Guyaquil requires as many months. Inthe former port, fituated on the banks of an immenfe river, the vegetation of which in palms, plume- ria tabernemontana, and fcitaminee, is majeftic beyond all defcription. They heard growling every moment the volcano of Catopaxi, which made a dreadful ex- plofion on the 6th of January 1803. They immediately fet out that they might have a nearer view of its ravages, and to vifit it a fecond time; but the un- expected news of the fudden departure of the Atianta frigate, and the fear of not finding another cpportunity for feveral ‘months, obliged them to return, after being tormented fir feven days by the mofquitoes of Babaoyo and Ugibar. They had a favourable navigation of thirt; days on the Pacific Ocean to Aca- pulco, the weftem port of the kingdom of New Spain, c-lebrated by the beauty of its bafon, which appears to have been cut out in the granite rocks by the violence of earthquakes; celebrated alfo by the wretchednefs of its inhabitants, who fee there millions of piafires embarked for the Philippines and China; acd unfortunately celebrated by a climate as {corching as mortal. : M. Humboldt intended at firfi to flay only a few months in Mexico, and to haften his return to Europe; his travels had already been too long; the inftru- ments, and particularly tic time-keepers, 1 Travels between the Tropics. [Sept.: 1, began to be gradually deranged ; and all the efforts he had made to get new ones had proved fruitlefs. Befides, the pro- grefs of the {ciences in Europe is fo rapid, — that in travels of more than four yearsa traveller may fee certain phenomena under — points of view which are no longer inte- refling when his labours are prefented to the public. M. Humboldt flattered himfelf with the hope of being in England in the months of Auguft or September 1803 5 but the at- — traction of a country fo beautiful and fo ~ variegated as the kingdom of New Spain, | the great hofpitality of itsinhabitants, and the dread of the yellow-fever at Vera | Cruz, which cuts off almoft all thofe who between the months of June and O&tober — come down from the mountains, induted — him to defer his departure tll the middle of winter. After having occupied his aitention with plants, the ftate of the air, — the hourly variations of the barometer, the phenomena of the magnet, and, in | particular, the longitude of Acapulco, a | port in which two able aftronomers, — Meffis. Efpinofa and Galeano, had before — made ob{ervations, our travellers fet outfor — Mexico. They afcended gradually from — the {corching valleys of Mefeala and Pa. — pagayo, where the thermometer in the” fade ftood at 32° of Reaumur, and — where they paffed the river on the fruit of — the crefcentia pinnata, bound together by — ropes of agave, to the high table.lands of © Chilpantzingo, Tehuilotepec, and Tafco. — At thefe heights of fix or fevyen hun-— dred toifes above the level of the fea, in ~ confequence of the mildnefs and coolnefs — of the climate, the oak, cyprefs, fir, and — fern, begin to be feen, together with the — kinds of grain cultivatedin Europe, . Having fpent fome time in the mines of — Tafeo, the oldeft and formerly the richeft — in the kingdom, and having ftudied the ~ nature of thofe filvery veins which pafs — from the hard calcareous rock to oe ceous {chift, and inclofe foliaceous gyp= — fun, they afcended, by Cuernaraca and — the cold regions of Guchilaqua, to the cau pital of Mexico. This city, which has 150,000 inhabitants, and ftands on the ~ fite of the old Tesochritlan, between the lakes of Tezcuco and Xoehimilo, whic have decreafed in fize fince the Spaniards,” to leffen the danger of inundations, have | opened the mountains of Sincoe, is inte feSted by broad firaight ftreets. It ftands — in fight of two fhowy mountains, one of which is named Popocatepec ; and of a volcano ftill burning ; and, at the height of 1160 toifes, enjoys a temperate and” agreeabl eeable climate: it is furrounded by ca- Js, walks bordered with trees, a multi- ude of Indian hamlets, and without doubt may be compared to the finett cities ‘Europe. It is diftinguithed alfo by s large fcientific eftablithments, which vie with feveral of the old continent, to which there are none fimlar in the we _ The botanical] garden, dire&ted by that ccellent botanift M. Cervantes ; the ex- ition of M. Scflz, who is accompanied able draftfmen, and whofe objet is to aire a knowledge of the planis ot Mex- 3 the School of Mines, efiabiifhed by liberality of the corps of miners and the creative genius of M. d’Ethuyar; and the Academy of Painting, Engraving, : Sculpture; all tend to diffule talte a knowledge in a country, the riches of which feem to oppofe intellectual cul- - ture. With infruments taken from the excel- colle&tion of the School of Mines, I. Humboldt determined the longitude Mexico, in which there was an error neatly two degrees, as has been con- rmed by correfponding obfervations of je fatellites made at the Havannah. _ After a liay of fome months in that ca- tat, our travellers vifited the celebrated ines of Moran and Real-del-Monte, here the vein of La Bilcayna lias given lillions of piaftres to the Counts De Re- a; they examined the obfidian ftones of amel, which form {trata in the pearl. one and porphyry, and ferved as knives the ancient Mexicans. The whole of country, filled with bafaltes, amyg- gids, and calcareous and fecondary Srmations, from the large cavern of to, traverfed by a river to the porphy- Btic rocks of Actopan, prefents pheno- ena interefting to the geologift, which been already examined by M. del _ Rio, the pupilof Werner, and one of the oft learned mineralogifts of the prefent On their return from their excurfion to an in July 1803, they undertook an- # to the northern part of the kingdom. t fir they directed their refearches to Wehuetoca, where, at the expence of millions of piafres, an aperture has n formed in the mountain of Sincoc to tin off the waters from the valley of ico to the river Montezuma. They _ Queretaro, by Salamanca and fertile plains of Yrapuato, to Gua- “ato, a town which contains 50,000 abitants: it is fituated in a narrow de- , and celebrated by its mines, which Travels between the Tropics. 115 are of far greater confequence than thofe of Petofi. The mine of Count de Valenciana, which has given birth to a confids able town on a hill which thirty years-ago fcarcely afforded pafture to goats, is alrea- dy 1840 fect in perpendicular depth. Ie is the deepeft and richeft in the world ; the annual profit of the proprietors having never been lefs than three millions of livres, and it fometimes amounts to five or fix. After two months employed in mea- furements and geological refearches, and after having examined the thermal waters of Comagillas, the temperature of which is 11° of Reaumur higher than thofe of the Philippine iflands, which Sonnerat confiders as the hotteft in the word, our travellers proceeded through the valley of St. Jago, where they thought they faw in feveral lakes at the {ummits of the bafal- tic mountains fo many craters of burat- out volcanoes, to Vailadolid, the capital of the ancient kingdom of Michoacan,— They thence defcended, notwithftanding the continual autumnal rains, by Patz~ quaro, fituated on the margin of a very extenfive lake towards the coaftof the Pa- cific Ocean, to the plains of Jorullo, | where, in the courfe of one night in 1759, during one of the greateft conyulfions which the globe ever experienced, there ifued fiom the earth a volcano 1494 feet in height, furrounded by more than 2000 mouths ftill emitting fmoke. They de- feended into the burning crater of the great volcano to the perpendicular depth of 258 feet, jamping over fiflures which exhaled flaming fulphurated hydrogen ges, After great danger, arifing from the brit. tlenefs of the bafal:ic and fienitic lava, they reached nearly the bottom of the cra- ter, and analyfed the air in it, which was found to be furcharged in an extraordi- nary mauner with carbonic acid. From the kingdom of Michoacan, one of the moft agreeable and moft fertile countries in the Indics, they returned to Mexico by the high table-landa of Tolucca, in which they meafared the nowy moun- tain of the fame name, alcending to its highefé fummit, the peak of Fraide, which rifes 2364 toiles above the level of the fea. They vifited aifo at Tolucca the famous hand-tree, the cheiranthoflemon of M. Cervantes, a genus which prefents a phe- nomenon almott unique,—that of there being only one individual of it, which has exifted fince the remotett antiquity. On their return to the capitalot Mexico, they remained there feveral monihs to ar- Pa range 116 Manufcripts in the Library of the late King of France. [Sept. 15 range their herbals, abundant in grami- neous plants, and their geological collec- tions ; to calculate their barometric and trigonometrical meafurements performed in the courfe of that year ; and in parti- cular to make fair drawings of the geo- logical Atlas, which M. Humboldt pro- pofes to publifh. Their return furnifhed them alfo with an opportunity of affifting at the erection of the coloffal equeftrian ftatue of the King, which one artift, M. Tolfa, over- coming difficulties of which a proper idea cannot be formed in Europe, modelled, caft, and erected on a very high pedeftal : it is wrought in the fimpleft ftyle, and would be an ornament in the fineft capi- tals in Europe. In January 1804 our travellers left Mexico to explore the eaftern declivity of the cordillera of New Spain: they mea- fured geometrically the two volcanoes of Puebla, Popocatepec, and Itzaccihuatl.— According to a fabulous tradition, Diego Ordaz entered the inacceflible crater of the former, fufpended by ropes, in order to collest (ulphur, which may be found every where in the plains. M. Humboldt difcovered that the vol- cano of Popocatepec, on which M. Son- nen{chmidt, a zealous mineralogift, had the courage to afcend 2557 toifes, is higher than the peak of Orizaba, which has hi- therto been confidered the higheft col. ffus of the country of Anahuac. He meafured alfo the great pyramid of Cholula, a my- fterious work conftructed of unbaked brick by the Tultequas, and from the fummit of which there is a moft beautiful view over the fnowy fummits and finiling lains of Tlaxcala, After thefe refearches they defcendcd by Perote to Xalapa, a town fituated at tne height of 674 toifes above the level of the fea, at a mean height at which the in- habitants enjoy the fruits of all climates, and a temperature equally mild and bene- ficial to the heaith of man. It was here that, by the kindnefs of Mr. Thomas Murphy, arefpeétable individual, who to a large fortune adds a tafte for the {ci- ences, our travellers found every facility imaginable for performing their operations in the neighbouring mountains. The level of the horrid road which leads from Xalapa to Perote, through al- moft impenetrable foretts of oaks and firs, and which has begun to be converted into a magnificent cauleway, was three times taken with the barometer. M. Humboldt, notwithftanding the quantity of fnow which had fallen t € evening before, afcended to the fummit of the famous — Cofre, which is 162 toifes higher than the Peak of Teneriffe, and fixed its pofi- tion by dire&t obfervations. He meafur- — ed alfo trigonometrically the Peak £ Ori. zaya, which the Indians call Sitlalteptl, becaufe the luminous exhalations of its crater refemble at a diftance a falling ftar, and refpecting the longitude of which M. Ferrer pub.ifhed very exact obfervations. After an interefting refidence in thefe countries, where, under the fhade of the — liquidambar and amyris, are found grow=- — ing the epidendrum vanillaand convolvu- lus jalappa, two produétions equally va- luable for exportation, our travellers de- fcended towards the coaft of Vera Cruz. fituated between hills of fhifting fand, the reverberation of which caufes a fuffo- cating heat; but happily efcaped the yel- low-iever, which prevailed there at that time. They proceeded in a Spanifh frigate to the Havannah to get the colleétions and herbals left there in 1800, and, after a ftay _ of two months, embarked for the United States ; but they were expofed to great” danger in the channel of the Bahamas from __ a hurricane which lafted feven days. ' After a paffige of thirty-two days they arrived at Philadelphia ; remained in that’ city and in Wafhington two months; and returned to Europe in Auguft 1804, by the way of Bourdeaux, with a great num- ber of drawings, thirty-five bexes of col lections, and 6000 {pecies of plants. For the Monthly Magazine. TRANSLATION of Mss. relative to EN= GLISH KISTORY contained in the NA-_ TIONAL LIBRARY aft PARIS, formerly BIBLIOTHEQUE du ROI. (Continued Srom vol. xviil. p. 298.) . Further PROCEEDINGS againft JOAN af ARC.—PART III. : HIS third part ts divided into two articles: the firft contains the pro- ceedings from the day on which they be- gan to make the monitions ; and the fe- cond from that time up to the abjuration of the accufed. a Act. 1.—It muft not be forgotten that the twelve articles to which the whole procefs had been reduced, had neither been compreffed nor approved by all thofe who had fate as affeflors up to this day, but merely by a fmall number of them 5 and that the {chedule which they tranfmits ted for the opinions of the profeffion, as well as the choice of thofe who were con= fulted, had been the work of two judges only t q a 3 1805.) Manufcripts in the Library of the late King of France. only, the Bifhop and the Inquifitor. The number of thofe who were advifed with, inorder to have the opinions of the learned men, was very confiderable, fifty-eight being entered, befides the Chapter of Rouen and the Univerfity of Paris. Almoft all gave opinions unfavourable to Joan, not upon the acts of the procefs themfelves, but upon the twelve articles of accufation. On the 12th of April fixteen doétors _and fix licentiates or batchelors in divinity, who were of the number of affeflors, hav- ing met in the chapel of the Archbifhop of Rouen, and deliberated with each other, refolved, upon the twelve articles only, that the apparitions and revelations de- clared by Joan neither came from God nor angels nor from faints, but that they were lies, or the works of fome evil fpirit : that they were not accompanied by figns fufficient to make them credited; that they were filled with things improbable, that the accufed had believed in them too haftily, and that they remarked in them divinations, fuperftitions, a&ts fcandalous and ireligious, foolifh and prefumptuous difcourfes, blafphemy againtt God and the faints, things contrary to the precept of Jove for one’s neighbour, a fpecies of idolatry {chifmatic with relation to the unity acd axthority of the church, and fafpicious of error in the Chriftian faith when fhe declared believing in them as ap- partitions: and, in fine, that it was blaf- phemy to afcribe to God an order to wear the drefs the wore, an order upon the ftrength of which the preferred not receiv- ing the communion at Eafter to reafluming the habits of her fex. Many other perfons were confulted, as, fome cf members of the faculty of law ; abbés, and other religious perfons ; the canons of the Church of Rouen and other ‘churches ; and two bifhops, who gave their opinions feparately, but to the fame or They are tran({cribed at length nthe MSS. ; but fome remarks upon fuch of them as were not fo decifive as the others may fuffice. I. Jean Baffet, licentiate in canon-law, and official of Rouen, after having faid that the alleged revelations ought not to ‘be believed, becaufe they were not autho- Wied by any miracle, nor by any text of the Holy Scriptures, adds, that the accuf- Dal was culpable if they did not proceed from God, as he prefumes, as well in re- ‘Specs to her drefs as her refufing to fubmit _ herfelf to the church-militant ; but that _ it would be orherwife if the revelations did _ ‘Feally proceed from God, ake 117 2. Eleven advocates of Rouen, fome of whom were licentiates in the canon and others in the civil-law, decided, that Joan ought to be excommunicated on account of her drefs, if fhe did not fubmit after monition ; at leaft if fhe had no order from God to aét fo, which # is not to be prefumed that fhe had, as the abfence of miracles, and teftimonies drawn from the Holy Scriptures, do not permit it to be believed ; and that fhe had violated the article of the faith of the fymbol, wzam fanGam, in retfufing to fubmit herfelf to the Church ; at leaft, they add, in cafe thefe revelations did not proceed from God, which is not to be pre(umed, Three batchelors in theology refiding at Rouen, who, it would appear, had diffent- ed from the opinions of the twenty-two members of that faculiy aflembled in the archiepifcopal chapel, gave their joint opi- nions, that if the revelations of the accuf- ed were lies, or the work of the devil, that the greater part of the propofitions on which they were confulted were fulpicious againft the faith and contrary to good manners ; but that if they really came from God, which did not appear to them certain (quod tamen novis non conjiat), it would not be proper for them to put an evil interpretation upon them, 4. Twoabbés were of opinion, that the whole procefs, and not the twelve articles only, fhould be tranfmitted to the Univer- fity of Paris to obtain its opinion on fo dificult an affair, and that in the mean time the accufed fliould be publicly admo- nifhed to avoid the dangers to which fhe was expofed, and that if fhe then perle- vered in her error, that fhe fhould be de- clared fufpicious in faith, which is much lefS than the judgment of herefy. 5. Raoul Salvage, batchelor in theo-~ logy, after a long difcuffion upon each of the twelve articles, in which he is againit Joan, concludes, that, with regard to the frailty of her fex, the twelve propofitions fhould be repeated to her, of which he feems to think that fhe was informed, but of which, in fact, the bad no knowledge; that fhe thould be warned to corres and not to prefume upon revelations ; and that the twelve articles fhould be laid before the Pope with the qualifications which they required, Such were the opinions leaft unfavour. able to Joan ; and even the greateft part of thofe who gave them did not perfevere in them to the end. And as they were in the number of affeffors, it is probable that they were influenced by the votes of the two bifhops, the Chapter of the Church 118 Manufcripts in the Library of the late King of France. [Sept. 1, - a Church of Rouen, and the Univerfity of Paris. Of thefe two bifhops, one, the Bifhop of Cotitances, decided, that Joan was de- livered up to the devil, becaufe the had not the two qualities which St. Gregory requires, viz. virtue and humanity, which are irreconcileable with affertions contrary to the Catholic faith, and are confequently heretical; and even notwithfanding the acculed fhould retraé them, it would be ftill neceflary to retain her in fife keepings—= This advice he addreffed to the Bifhop of Beauvais only, paffing by in filence the Vice-Inquifitor. The Bithop of Lifieux, on the contrary (the other prelate confuited), addreffed his opinion to two judges, in which, after fome hefitation, he lays, that, feeing no extraordinary fanétity in the accufed, which can lead to the prefumption that God had transfuled a {pirit of prophecy intoher, it ought to be concluded that her revelations do not come from God, nor faints male or female, of whom the fpoke; but rather from a demon transformed into an angel of light, if they be not invented lies; and hedecides, that if the fhould not fubmit to the church after a charitable monition, fhe ought to be judged f-hifma- tic, and vehemently fulpected in faith :—~ which does not go {fo far as the charge of herefy. The Chapter of Rouen proceeded yet further. At firlt they differed, ard poit- poned their conclufion to the 4th of May $431, in order to come to fomedefinitive opinion after the Univerfi'y of Paris and the two faculties of divinity and law had given theirs, that they might determine with more certainty ; but having heard of the opinions of a great number of doétors, prelates, and learned men, and above all the exhortation made on the 2d of May to the accufed, which will be found in the fequel, the object-of which was to induce Joan to fubmit to the decifion of the Uni- verfal Church, the Pope, the Council. Ge- neral, prelates, and other Jearned perfons chofen amongft thofe who had adopted the fame fide as herfeif, and after having heard of her pretended perfevering refuial, the Chapter adopted the opivions of the twenty-two members of the faculty of di- vinity aflembled in the archiepifcopal cha- pel of Roven, and added, that, after the perfevering obftinacy of the acculed, fhe ought to be declared heretic. With refpeét tothe Univerfity of Paris, the two judges did not content themfelves with fending the twelve articles of accu- fation to that celebrated body. The ‘ King of England added important pro- ceedings, and every thing which could in fluence the determination of a body which had been already led into the affair ina manner which fhewed pretty clearly its mode of thinking. He fent to Paris three perfons, two of whom had been the molt alliduous amongft the affeffors at the fit- tings of the trial,-viz. Jean Beaupiére and Nicolas Midy, both doétors in divinity.— He gave them the necéffary credentiais on his part, which they prefented to the Uni- verfity, as well as lecters from the Bifhop of Beauvais and the Vice-Inquifitor, with the twelve articles wpon which they 1equired profefficnal advice. The Univerfity afembled: the envoys of the King of England, whom they obey- ed, as well as all Paris, as King of France, ftated their miffion ; but initead of communicating the opinions alreidy given, they prefented’ an account of all that had been done in the trial, as they — judged. proper, but in a manner with which the Univerfity was fatisfied ; as, ina letter wriiten in the 14th of May to the King of England, thefe expreffions~ are uled :—** It appears to us, that, with refpe&t to this woman, a holy and jut manner of proceeding has been purfued with much gravity, and with which every one muft he content.” They add in this letter, that, ¢ after many meetings, and great and grave deli- berations confidered and holden many 33 times,”> they have given their opinion in the prefence of the envoys of the King of England, who, being of the number of their members, affifted throughout ; and they conclude by fupplicating the King, ‘¢ that this matter might be f{peedily and mott diligently brought to juftice ;_ for in truth, that the length and protraétion of the proceedings is perilous for the people, who have been much {candalized with re- gard to this woman.”” The Univerfiry was even fo perfuaded of the goodnefs of its deliberations, that two letters were written, one to the Pope, and another to the College cf Cardinais, entreating them to take part in the proceedings. They wrote alfo a letter to the Bifhop — of Beavvais, in which they beltow great praife upon his vigilance and labours in ® this bufinefs, approve of al! that he had — then done, and inform him that the en-= voys of the King of England, who car- — their deliberations, © ried the refult of would give him any further explanation he required. The firft meeting of the Univerfity was. a held on the zoth of April, in the houfe a the Sale PIG LLL GAG ODES — — te ee ee ee ee the Bernardines at Paris. Jean de Troyes, the reétor, had at firft explained the obje& of the meeting : each faculty, nd each divifion of the faculty cf arts, then retired to the place where they uled to deliberate in private upon matters of difficulty, and each of thele private deliberations being Begepotted to the whole body reaffembled, it had been unanimoufly determined to _ charge the two faculties of divinity and Jaw to draw up their 0) inions and the % qualifications which the twelve articles re+ quired, after which they fhould be reter- red tothe whole body of the Univerfiry. | The fecond general meeting was held onthe rath of May tollowing. The deans of the faculties of divinity and Jaw there gave anvaccount of the general meetings andthofe of the commiflariés held fepa- _ rately by each.of the two faculties, and they prefentéed to the Univerfity the refult of the two deliberations which were read, and the decifion come to at ‘thefe two _ meetings was unanimoufly adopted, ratas a nag et etiam fuas habebat. The fubftance of the deliberatiors of eke two faculties is nearly the fame.— _ That of theology gives the degreesof {en- _ tence applicable to each charge. The ~ faculty oi law characterizes the accufed | Mat once as guilty, and. decides upsn the ~ fate of her perfon; but this lait conclu- | ion contains three things worthy of re- mark. a _ They. confit, firft, of two conditions or prefuppofitions.—r1. That the opinion thall be of no avail, unlefs the accufed had a “Feally faid and obftinately maintained what is contained in the twelve charges: and the fecond is, whether fhe had done fo with the ule of her reafon—/fi difa fa- mina, compos fui, affirmat pertinaciter: and although thefe two conditions were _ not formally exprefled in the opinions of the faculty of divinity and the delibera- s of the Univ recfity, yet they ought to € part of it, for the whole body _ adopted the opinions of the faculty of law without any referve. + At is impoffivle, in truth, to believe that Joan was not in poffeilion of her reafon ; t the leap which fe made from the top if the tower of Beaurevoir, dictated by defpair ; all that one reads in the interro- ories; the manner in which fhe de- ded herfelf when the queliions were fled ; the variations of which it appears he was fulceptible ; the rigour ot her tonfinement and chains; the inquietude =. fith which She was neceflarily tormented ; 3805.) Manufcripts in the Library of the late King of France. 119 and the embarrafsment into which a trial of this nature muft neceffzrily throw a young girl who had learnt nothing, led her trom time to time to employ means to efcape, which could but be hurtful to her, delivered her up to moments of cruel de- fpair, fuch as thofe fhe experienced after her abjuration, to fits of obftinacy rela- tive to the multitude of queftions they heaped upon iter; and which they renewed daily, and perhaps even to thofe flights of faucy of which a mind fo fufceptible as her’s appeared to be capable. A fingular anxiety will be feen in the fequel to declare in a procefs made fome days after her death, that fhe appeared to poflefs her reafon in the moments which preceded it, and where it is pretended that fhe renounced the belief which the had hitherto given to her apparitions and revelations, Thus, in agrecing that fhe retained her fenfes, in the ftrictnefs of the term, it mu{tbe owned that fhe fometimes fhewed great wildnefs, which may be ap- plied to fome fi€tions as may be feen with reference to the fign given to Charles VII. to: determine him to grant her his confi- dence. The laft circumftance relative to the opinions of the faculty of law arifes from the conclufion of its deliberation. It adds, that if the accufed, aiter being pub- licly exhorted and admonifhed, refules to return to the unity of the church, and to make: fuitable reparation, the competent judge ought.to .pafs fentence. This avoids acknowledging the competency of thofe who chofe to judge ber, and even leaves fome uncertainty as to their belief of their competency. Further the faculty adds, that the competent judge ought in that cafe to give her up to the fecular judge, not intreating him to treat her with mildnefs according to the language of the Inquifition, which excludes a new judgment trom the fecular tribuna!s, but to receive 2 punifhment proportioned to the quality of the faule. Tt is neceflary now to proceed to the twelve articles‘ of accufation, adding fuch-obfervations upon each as may ferve to fhew the unjuft manner in which they were drawn up from the anfwers which Joan gave to the various interrogatories. Article I. A certain woman afferts and affirms, that, being of the age of thirteen years or thereabouts, fhe faw with her eyes the body of St. Michael, who came to com. forther ; and fometimes alfo St. Gabriel, whe 120 Manujcripts in the Library of the late King of France. [Sept. 1, who appeared under a corporeal form ; and at other times alfo a great multitude of angels; and that thenceforth the faints Catherine and Margaret fhewed themfelves corporally to her; that fhe faw them al- moft all days, and heard their voices ; that fometimes fhe has embraced and kifs- ed them, touching their bodies ; that the has feen the heads of angels, and cf two faints, but that fhe faw no other parts of their bodies or their garments. That the two faints, Catherine and Margaret, have fpoken to her fometimes near a fountain fituated near a great tree, commonly called the Tree of Fairies, which, it is faid, fairies frequent, and that perfons come there to recover their health, although it be entirely fituated in a profane place, and that many times in this and other, places fhe has worfhipped and made reverences to the faints. She fays alfo, that thefe two female faints have appeared and fhewn theméelves to her fince this period with fuperb and precious crowns, and have many times faia to her, that, by order of God, -fhe mult go and find a certain fecular prince, and promife him, that, by her affiftance and labours, this Prince fhould recover by force of arms a great temporal domain and great worldly honour, that is to fay, the kingdom of France; that he fhould gain a victory over his enemies, receive her into his fervice, and fhould give her arms with the army to execute her pro- mifes,—See further Art. 5. She alfo adds, that thefe two females have approved, that, without the know- ledge, and againft the will, of her father and mother, fhe fhould Jeave, at feventeen years of age or thereabouts, her father’s hovfe, and veing affociated with a multi- tude of foldiers, that fhe thould pafs days and nights living with them, without ever having, or but rarely, a woman with her. Tiefe faints have alfo faid and com- manded her many other things, for which fhe faid that fhe was fent by the God of Heaven, and by the viétorious Church of Saints who already enjoy happinets.—See Articles, 9 and 12. Opinion of the Univerfity of Paris upon Art. I. Tt decides that thefe apparitions and revelations are lying fiétions, feduciive and pernicious, or that they fuperftiti- ovfly proceed from evil and diabolical fpi- rits, fuch as Belial, Satan, and Belzebub. Obfervations upon tke Firft Article. It is not obferved, at the commences — ment of this article, that the accufed faid, — that Saint Michael appeared to her as a real man, nor that the two female faints had hair. Nor is itobferved that Joan, when interrogated about the tree of the fairies, only {poke of it asa popular ftory, of which fhe had no perfonal knowledge 5 that fhe was ignorant whether the waters of the fountain had cured any one; that : fhe had never feen the fairies, and, from the anfwer to the interrogatory, it might be prelumed that fhe only faw the two faints there once ; but at all events fhe never faid that fhe worfhipped them in | this place. She only faid, that in general fhe gave them marks of refpect when they appeared to her. She never faid that the kiffed them, but fimply that fhe embraced them. They fupprefs what the faid about — the two faints having affured her that the Captain Baudricourt fhould take her to the King, and that fhe fhould caufe the fiege of Orleans to be raifed, which in fact happened. They alfo fupprefs, that one of her uncles carried her three times to Captain Baudricourt at Waucouleurs ; _ that fhe declared exprefsly that the almott always had a woman with her, and when fhe could not have one, that fhe flept in her clothes and armour all night, which removes any idea of immodetty. The judges never fought to difcover whether Joan had been feduced by perfons who had led her by degrees to believe in thefe revelations, and to figure to herielf — thefe apparitions, The ftories fpread — about the country as to the tree of fairies and the fountain, might have prepared and raifed her imagination ; and it is an — important circumftance fupprefled in the charges, that a pretended prophetefs had announced at Chinon before fhe came there, that a girl fhould come from the Oak Wood (feen from her father’s houfe) and do great things. Her father alfotold her that be had been warned in a dream — that fhe would go to the army ; a circum= — ftance which might more and more per=- fuade her as tothe truth of the appara- — vitions. Her father and mother pardon- ing her after being taken to Vaucouleur — without their knowledge, as well as the gifts which they received from Charles VII. are alfo fuppreffed. The circum= ftances of the King’s having placed her at the head of his troops, as well as” the figns of her miffion, alfo required particular refearch.—(To be continued.) " For To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. a, SIRS . “YN anfwer to a Correfpondent in your dt Number for July (p. 540), who in- “quires concerning “* Ogie’s Gems,”’ I beg leave to inform you, that the plates rere engraved as far as one hundred fub- gests of gems, which, with the title-page, e numbered to one hundred and one, of ich I have a copy now before me ; but letter-prefs includes only fiity fubjects, aking the firft volume. No more was _€ver printed, and probably no more was ‘ever written. The faét appears to he, ‘that Du Bofc, for whom the work was ompilMidit blooming bow’rs perpetual fragrance fhare !) ; With warmer hues the blufhing apples glow, Fill’d by the fruitful ftreams that round them flow 5 And new-born clufteis fwell with future wine Beneath the thadowy foliage of the vine. Alas! to me the vernal feafon brings But added torture on his funny wings 5 EE * He was a native of Rhegium, and lived about 540 years before Chrift. Several epi- grams in the ‘* Anthologia’”’ allude to the peculiar circumftances attending the mur- der of this poet by banditti, and the difcovery of his aflaifins by a flight of cranes. ‘The ftory is wel] told by ABlian in his Var. Milt. —See alfo concerning Ibycus, Cic. Tule. Difp. iv, For 126 For Love, the earlieft tyrant of my breaft, Impetuous ravifher of joy andreft, ~ Burfts Jike a torrent from his mother’s arms, And fills my trembling foul: with new - alarms. ~ gaa Like Boreis rufhing from his plains, Cloath’d in fierce lightnings and o’erwhelm- ing rains, So ragesin my foul the madd’ning pow’r 5 His parching fires my withering heart de- ; vour; A burning phrenz¥ comes my fenfes over ; Sweet peace is fled, and reafon is mo more. * The foft and eafy ftyle of Bacchylides* may be well contrafted with both the fore- going, by the following fragment of a Pz-n, or facred hymn to Peace, the con- elufion. of which may entitle him to a comparifon witly the amorous poets. ‘Bhracian Tinrer 927 Ovardicuy Eiphyn meydra, For thee, fweet Peace, abundance glads the plains ; Thy fmiles infpire the bard to heavenly ftrains. On many an altar, at thy glad return, Pure victims bleed, and holy ocours burn, And frolic youth their happy age apply . To graceful movements, fports, and min- ftrelfy. Dark fpiders-weave their webs within the thield, Ruft eats the fpear, the terror of the field, And brezen trumpets now no more affright The filent fumbers of ambrofial Nig):t. Infpiring banquets gladden all the ways, And youths and maidens fing their rounde- lays. (To be continued.) —=a— To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. SIR, : ERMIT me to requeft the infertion in your excellent Mifcellany of the fol- lowing catalogue of the animals that were to be found in Norfolk about a century ago. It is drawn up from a manufcript lift made by Dr. (afterwards Sir Thomas) Browne, of Norwich, the juftly. celebrat- ed author of the “* Treatife cn Vulgar Er- sors.” -This lift was communicated by him to Merret, who has inferted a few of the names, but none of the remarks an- nexedto them, in his ** Pinax Rertim Na- turalium Britansicarum.”? The original is depofited in the Britifh Mufeum. The * Bacchylides owed his birth to the ifland of Cos, and was nephew to Simonides. He lived about 500 years before Chrift. : Animals found in Norfolk. [Sept. Jy animals, however, are arranged in no or der, but appear to have been inferted merely as they occurred to the recollection or obfervation of the writer. They are ere reduced tothe Linngean claffification 5 the names now in ufe are added, and the orthography and language are fomewhat modernized. Such partsas were uninte- refting, from their recording only well- known faéts, are omitted. For thefe li- berties it is neceflary to make fome apo- logy ; and Ftrutt it will be confidered fuf- ficient for me to fay, that, although the original would be confidered as highly va- luable by a naturalift, yet fuch is its con- fufion, from the old names, from the total want of arrangement, and the rudenefs of language (in memoranda written often- times apparently in great hafte), that, to the general reader, it would afford but a very {mall fhare either of information or intereft. Such of the animals as I have not been able to afcertain, are inferted by themfelves at the end of the clafs to which they belong. To fome of the articles I have added a few fhort obfervations, where explanation or additional remarks appeared to me to be neceflary. It is fomewhat fingular, that, out of all the known Britifh quadrupeds, the feal and otter alone have place in the above cata- logue. The badger, wild-cat, and deer (if the two Jaft ipecies were then known in Norfolk, and there can be little doubt but they were), with. feveral others, had certainly as good a claim to notice as ei- ther of thefe. From the great number of birds whofe names are inferted, it is to be prefumed that the feathered tribes had oc- cupied by far the greateft part of the wri- ter’s time and attention. The fifh, but particularly the fmaller animals, as the zoophytes, teftacea, and infeéts, are very imperfect. Of the former there are fre- quently little more than either the names given to them by the old writers, or thofe by which they were known to the Norfolk filhermen. Many of the common ani- mals in all the claffes are no doubt pur- pofely omitted. I truft that it is needlefs for me to ftate to you the utility of publifhing county- lifts of animals, with remarks of original obfervers, where thofe remarks are perti. nent orufeful. By fuch means very effen- tial fervices may be rendered towards completing the natural hiftory of our country, which at prefent is but very im- perfectly known. Tam, Sir, &c. Xx; PES MAMMALIA, 4805.) - ee MAMMALIA. | THE COMMON SEAL, / t© The Vitulus Marinus, {ea-calfy or feal, is often taken fleeping on the __. fhore, in the Norwich river, near Surling- ham. If thefe animals can be brought _ to feed, they may be kept for many / months in ponds. The bladder, the enfi- | form cartilage, the figure of the throttle, | ‘the cluftered and racemous form of the + kidnies, and the flat and compreffed heart, ¥ are remarkable parts in the feal. In ~ the ftomachs of all that I opened I found many worms.) > BG Obfervations.—Seals are by no means — foconmon on any of the fouthern thores of this kingdom as they were at the time that Sir Thomas Browne wrote his ac- count ; and of late years very few indeed have been feen on the coafts of Norfolk. As to the affertion that they may be kept in ponds, it is to be fufpeéted that the writer meant in fuch ponds only into Which falt-water is admitted. There can | be no doubt that in freth.water they _ woyld foon languith and die. The fpe- _ cies of worms above-mentioned were mott | probably either afcaris phoce or tania phoce, of Linnzus, perhaps both : if fo, this is the only place in which they have _ been noted as Englith. THE OTTER. © Youngotters are fometimes preyed up- — on by buzzards, having occafionally been found in the nefts of thefe birds. By Many perions they are accounted no bad _difh. Otters may be rendered perfectly tame ; and in fome houfes they have been _ Known to ferve the office of turnfpits.” . THE SPERMACETI-WHALE. _ . “A Spermaceti-whale, of fixty-two feet ~ $n length, was taken near Wells. An- | other of the fame kind, about twenty “years before, was caught at Hunftanton ; "and not far from the Jatter place eight or Mine were driven alhore. It is faid that | two of thefe had young ones after they were forfaken by the water.” THE PORPESSE. | The turfio, or porpeffe, is common.” | “* Fue Dotpmn, though more rare than the porpefle, is fometimes taken.— ‘Thefetwoanimals are confounded by many perfons ; but tie do|phin has a more waved dine along the (kin, 1s fharper towards the tail, bas its head longer, its nofe more ex- ged, (which makes good the figure of Rondeletius), and its flefh m ve red. The atter, when well cooked, is generally al- td tobe a good dith, much superior the fluth of a po pefle.”” 4 Animals found in Norfolk. 197 THE GRAMPUS, “A grampus above fixteen feet long was caught at Yarmouth about the year 1694.” : BIRDS. With refpect to the migration of birds, Sir Thomas Browne fays, that ** thofe which come in the fpring come for the moft part from the fouthward, and thofe in the autumn or winter from the north. ward, They are obferved to come in great flocks with a north-eaft ‘wind, and to de. part with a fouth-welt wind ; and they do not appear in flocks of one kind, but of many kinds together, as woodcocks, field- farss, thrufhes, and fmall birds. Thee come and alight together, attended fre. queatly by hawks or other birds of prey.” , THE GOLDEN EAGLE. Sir Thomas Browne had not feen this bird ina wild ftate in Norfolk; but of other eagles he informs us there were feveral kinds, THE SEA-EAGLE. (Falco Ofifragus of Linneus ?) * We have the halyzetus or feane-eagles, fome of which meafure three yards and a quarter in the extent of their wings. One of thefe being caught alive, grew fotame © that it went about my court-yard, feeding on fith, red-berrings, flcfh, or any kind of offal, without the leaft trouble.”” THE OSPREY. (Falco Haligtus of Linneus.) «© There is alig a leffer fort of eagle, called.an ofprey, which hovers about the fens, and will dip his claws in:o the wa- ter, and often take up a fihh. For this purpofe its feet are fingularly conftru&ted ; and, the better to fecureits prey, eich of the outer toes may on occafion be turned backwards. It is faid to catch coots in the fame manner.” THE KITE. «¢ There are fome kites ; but they are not in fuch quantity as Aldrovandus fays are often to be feen hovering about the Thames near London. There are allo the grey and bald-buzzards in great num. bers, owing to the broad waters and war- rens, which afford them more food than they can obtain in wocdJand countries.”” Obfervation. —It is difficult to fay what two birds are here meant by grey and bald-buzzard. The bald-buzzard of all the Englith writers is the ofprey before noted. THE MERLIN. This is called a hobby-bird, becaufe it comes in either with or a little before the hobbies in the {pring. Itis marvelloully Subj & 128 fubject to the vertigo, and is fometimes caught in thefe fits.”’ | THE WOODCHAT. (Lanius Rufus, Var. .y, Gmelin’s Lin- naus ¢) , «¢ There is a {mall bird of prey called a bird-catcher. It is about the fize of a thruth, and linnet-coloured, with along- ith white and fharp bill. It is a kind of Lanius, and is of a very wild nature, though kept in a cage and fed with flefh.”” ** RAVENS are in good plenty near Norwich ; and on this account it is there are fo few kites feen thereabout. They build in woods very early, and lay their eggs in February. *¢ Rooks are alfo in great numbers, on account of the great quantities of corn- fields and rookeries. The young ones are commonly fold in Norwich market.— Many of them are killed for the livers, which are ufed in curing the rickets.”” JackDaws are very common; but Sir Thomas Browne never obferved in Nor- folk the Cornifh chough, which has red Jegs and ared bill, and is very frequent in ‘Cornwall. THE ROLLER. A fpecimen: of this very) uncommon bird was fhot near Croftwick, in May 1664, and was fent to Sir Thomas Browne for examination. This is only the third that we have heard of as having been feen at Jarge in the Britifh iflands. THE CUCKOO. s¢ There are cuckoos of ‘two forts in Norfolk, one far exceeding the other in fize. Some perfons have attempted to keep thefe birds alive, in warm rooms, through the winter,: but they have. never fucceeded. ‘The cuckoos in their fummer migration range very far northward ; fome have been obferved even in Iceland.” Obfervations.—With refpekt to the two fpecies of cuckoo which this intelligent obferver believed he had difcovered, there is very evidently anerror, The young cuckoos are of a brown colour, mixed with ferru- ginous and black, and, according to Pen- nant, have been deferibed by fome au- thors as cld ones. This circumitance, added to that of their {maller fize, will account for Sir Thomas Browne’s miftake. Had there really been two [pecies in this country, fo diftinét as by the preceding note we might be led to imagine, there can be no doubt but that, in the lapfe of more than a hundred-years, during which _the ftudy of natural hiftory has been. fo ardently purfued in thefe kingdoms, they mu have been perfectly afcertaiaed, Animals found in Norfolk [Sept. qT; THE GREEN WOODPECKER, — THE GREATER SPOTTED WOODPECKER,— THE MIDDLE SPOTTED WOOD- PECKER, AND THE NUTHATCH. «© Thefe are remarkable in the hardnefs of their bill and fkull, and in the mulcles’ which throw the tongue above an inch out of their mouth, for the purpofe of picking up infe&s on which they feed.— They make holes in trees, without any confideration of the wends or quarters, but where the rottenne{s beft affords con» venience.” THE KINGFISHER. «¢ The number of rivulets and ftreams whole banks are befet with willows and alders, fhelter this beautiful bird. The females build their nefits in holes above gravel-pits, where there are always to be found great quantities of fimall fithes bones; and they Jay very handfome round, and, as it were, polifhed eggs.” Obfervaticn. —This account of the kingfifher forming its neft above gravel- pits is certainly not true,.as of general oc- currence : the neft is moft commonly to be found in the forfaken hole of a water- rat, in the bank of fome ditch or rivulet. THE HOOPOE. ** Upupa, or Hoope-bird, has its name from its note. I have often feen them in Norfolk, and it is by no meansdifficult to fhoot them.” * The SkyLark, WooDLaRK, and TITLaR«, are fufficiently common here ; but I have never met with the calandrier, or great crefted lark. 6 The Srares or STARLINGS are in great numbers. The moft remarkable circumftance relating to thefe birds is their roofting atnight (about the autumn) inim- menfe numbers, in the marfhes, on the reeds or alders. [have oftengone intothe marfhes for the purpole of obferving them ; and, ftanding near their ufual place of refort, I have feen many flocks fly ng from all quarters. Thefe, in lefs than an hour’s time,- would all come in, and fettle in in- numerable multitudes within a very finall compals.”’ THE HAWFINCH. Our oblerving writer calls this a coble- bird, or a kind of coccothraufles, and fays that it is chiefly to be feen in the fum- mer, about cherry time. ; Objervation.—It feeds on the kernels of cherries, and fome other kinds of tione- fruit; and by means of its amazingly ftrong bill it breaks the ftones without © much difficulty. (Te be continued.) aed For * 13805.) To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. SIR, UCH has been faid on the fubjeé of machines for threfhing corn, par- ticularly in fome of the reviled county- reports, but in general in fuch vague terms as to convey little information (far- - ther than a mere notice of the faét) to perfons defirous of adopting them, who refide at great diftances from the fitua- _ tions in which thefe machines are ufed, and out of the reach of obtaining the ne- ceflary information from the mechanics who conftruét them. T am alfo not perfectly fatisfied from the accounts I have received, that a threfhing- ~ mill calculated for general reception and utility is yet invented. It appears to me, that the machine wanted fhould be cheap, not cofting more (buildings for containing it alone excepted) than fifty guineas ; that it fhould be moved by a power not exceeding the ftrength of two horfes ; and that its capacity for work, both as to ' quantity and quality, fhould give it ade- cided claim of fuperiority over manual labour. A threfhing-mil] combining thefe _ advantages would be an acquifition of - _ immenfe importance to the country ; and _ any of your ingenious Correfpondents, who, through the channel of your widely- _ circulating Magazine, would inform the agricultural world of fuch an invention, with the name and addrefs of the inventor, “particulars, from practice, of its confor- _ mity to the foregoing fpecifications, and Dad veferences to perfons who have ufed it, ; would confer a benefit on fociety, and an obligation on, Sir, your moft obedient Servant, Joun H. Moccrince. | The Boyce, May 10, 1805. —_—_ For the Monthly Magazine. HISTORY of ASTRONOMY for 1804— >y By JEROME DE LA LANDE. HIS year is as remarkable as 1801 ’ and 1802, fince it prefents ys with the difcovery of a new planet. The cir- _ tumftance was accidental, it is true ; but Fi. 4: ¥ __- two planets recently difcovered by Mefirs. it was prepared and direéted by the la- urs of an able and indefatigable ob- ferver. M. Harding wrote to me as fol- ows, onthe roth of November, from Li- jenthal, near Bremen. _ Thad engaged in an undertaking, in which I had been occupied above a year. Every favourable night I compofid a fimall atlas to reprefent the zodiac of the jazzi and Olbers, The {mallnefs of thefe Montuty Maa, No. 133. Hiftory of Aftronomy for 804. 129 two pianets, which, in moft of their po- fitions, are only of the eighth or ninta magnitude, requires a perfect knowledge of all the fmall ftars that are in this zodiac The celeftial charts hitherto publithed are not fufficiently detailed, and cannot con- vey a knowledge, atthe firft fight, of thofe two fmall planets, becaufe they reprefent no ftars but what are of the feventh or eighth magnitude. This confideration induced me to ccmpofe more detailed charts, to contain all the ftars down to the ninth and tenth magnitude ; an un- dertaking which would formerly have been immenfe, but is now greatly facili- tated, fince you have made aftronomers acquainted with fifty thoufand ftars” which are in your ‘* Hiftory of the Hea- vens.”” <« This enterprize, which procured me a minute knowledge of the ftarry firma- ment, furnifhed with the opportunity of difcovering the new planet. On the rf of September, comparing the fheet of my little atlas with the heavens, I found, be- tween No. 3 in Mayer’s Catalogue, and a ftar mentioned in your Hiftory, another unknown ftar, which I had never before feen inthat place. I marked it in my chart as a ftar having 2° 25/ right-afcen- fion, and 36’ of northern-declination, without fufpe&ting any fingularity. On the 4th of September this ftar was gone, but at 2° of right-afcenfion and 1! of northern-declination, I obferved another ftar, which I had not perceived three days before. 1 began to fufpeét a motion in the unknown ftar, and the more ftrongly, as I found neither of the two ftars marked inachart drawn laft year, though I had in- troduced intoit ftars of a much feebler light. I therefore haftened to obferve it with the micrometer, todetermine its pofition ; but a fog intervened, at the moment when I had brought the ftar to the field of my te- lefcope. I waited with impatience till the following day, and found that the ftar had changed its place confiderably. The micrometer gave me its pofition for 11h. 12! 45” mean-time, 1° 51/ si” right- afcenfion, and 11/26” fouth-declination. After this obfervation [ no Jonger doubt- ed that it wasa moveable-flar, and per~ haps a planet ; becaufe, when feen by our largeft telefcopes, it had neither tail nor nebulofity, fo that it could not be a comet. I haftened to apprize Medflis. Olbers, Gaufs, Bode, and Baron von Zach, of the circumftance. The firft com- menced his obfervations the 7th of Sep- tember. I profecuted mine till the 27th, whea 150 ’ when I was informed that M. yon Zach had commenced’a courfe of obfervations with capital inftruments.”” After the receipt of thisletter from M. Harding, I learned that M. Gavfs, an able aftronomer of Bruniwick, had already thrice calculated the elements of the orbit of this planet. I fhall prefently* give a fiatement of the laft. On the other hand, M. Burckhardt at Paris communicated to Mean-time at the Obfervatory, 1804. eer eis h. It September 23, at Ostober 4, - © 390, +--+ 6 November 5, « 225 21, December Afcending-node, Inclination, . . . . Aphelion, . . ° ° Equation, . a < f) Mean-diftance, 2 . 3 Revolution, . . ° ° Longitude, September 23, at noon, = M. Meffier and M. Bouvard at Paris, and M. Vidal at Mirepoix,. continped to obferve it; and M. Burckhardt calculat- ed an ephemeris, to enable aftronomers to difcoyer it again, which, after a few days of unfavourable weather, would be rather difficult on account of its diminu- tive fize. It has already been in agitation to give an ancient name to the new planet: it was propofed to call it Juno. For my part I hall never caJl the planets recently difcovered by any other names than Herf- chel, Piazzi, Olbers, and, Harding. I fhewed, inthe ‘¢ Journal des Savans”’ for 1789, that mythological names are per- fectly unmeaning. If we call the planets of the ancients by the names by which they were known to them, this is necef- fary for the purpofe of underftanding Liftary of Aftronomy for 1804. us elements, which on the 24d of No- me re ee ee [Sept. 164 vember were fo perfect, that they differed but little from thofe of M. Gauls. M. Burckhardt continued to correé&t them till the 24th of December. The following are the obfervations made by M. Burckhardt at the Military School, and which he made ule of to cals culate the orbit : Right-afcenfion. \Southern-declination. WW wd Lo Lo Amun Oo BNO AN M. BURCKHARDT. M. GAUSS. Staats Sy pera Leh eat 5 247 £34 25 13 20 7. 22 TAD 7. 2ep ws 28 57 29 25 2,657 2,620 4yrs. 4mo.2d. | 4yrs. 2mo. 28d. o 19 45 O)/-29 aS them, and the names indicate the attributes of the deity whofe name was given to the planet. The moft brilliant planet was called Venus, becaufe fhe was the mot beautiful of the goddefles. Can it be faid that the planet Olbers was called Pallas becau(fe that planet is the emblem of wif- biem of wifdom and knowledge ? Why fhould that of Piazzi be called Ceres ?— Has it any conneétion with the harveft >— With refpeé&t to the new planets, there- — fore, thefe names are infignificant and mif- placed. They appear to me to have been derived from ancient fable only todeprive a{tronomers of the recompence of their la- bours, of the gratitude which is due to them, and of the emulation which may — It is, in my opinion, a — thence refult. contemptible jealoufy and oftenfive in- gratitude, as I have already faid in the j 2 * Journal — . % Bt 1805.} Journal des Debats”* of the 8th No- - vember, 1804. 4 ‘It is impoffible to behold the new pla- nets without calliog to mind the opinion _ of the ancients on this fubjeét. —_ Artemidorus, quoted by Seneca, book vii. chap. 5. faid, that the five planets were not the only ones, and that there exifted a great number which were un- known to us. But the idea of Kepler is ftil! more ex- ' traordinary :—** Inter Fovem et Martem (fays that great aftronomer) interpofui no- _ vum planetam.” ‘The new planets furnifh geometricians _ a vaft field of inveftigation. The pertur- _ bations they experience mu not only be Confiderable, but they will be very compli- cated, and very difficult to be calculated, Y6n account of their great eccentricities and ee mations. Accordingly the Inftitute ) has made this the fubject of a prize for _ the year 1805. | Befides the difcovery of a planet, the “year 1804 is likewife diftinguifhed by that sof acomet. It is the 94th, and was dif ‘covered by M. Pons, at Marfeilles, on ) the 7th of March; by M. Bouvard, at Paris, on the 11th ; and by M. Olbers, -at Bremen, én the 12th. Its elements are _ as follow : | ; a ge Onset Node, : : 26 48 Inclination, . . 56 29 . Perihelion, . Hi vily hot thay So | Tranfit, 13th Febreary, 14 6 | Diftance of Perihelion, 1,0712 dire& movement. _ The medal founded by Lalande in 1802, was, onthe 9th of April, adjudged by the Inftitute to M. Piazzi, in confide- Yation of his excellent Catalocue of 6748 Mars. It is the fecond time that this has been decreed. It was given in 3 to M. Olbers for the difcovery of his planet. A lover of aftronomy at Berlin has depofited 400 france in the hands of M. Bode, for the author of the moft im- rtant aftronomical differtation which e tranfmitted to him before the end f Augult 1805, 7 This year has likewife procured us an- her pleafure ; I mean the return of M, Dboldt, who has brought back with im from his trave!s an immenfe quantity #f obfervations, This is the proper op- ay * The title of the ** Journal des Debats” recently been changed for that of * Jour- de l’Empire.”” Debates (as a Continen- journal obferves on this occafion) have mited to be the order of the day at Paris, T. Hiftory of Aftronomy for 1804 131 portunity for introducing a few words concerning that illuftrious traveller. The combination of courage, talents, and for- tune, is fo difficult to be met with, that before him there was no example of the” kind: accordingly no travels like his were ever undertaken. Frederic-Alexander Baron von Hum- bolat was born at Berlin September 14, 1769. Having completed his ftudies at Berlin and at Gottingen, he went to France in 1790, ‘and afterwards vilited England. George Forfter, the fon of John Reinhold, infpired him witha love of travel and of making obfervations. He publifhed a work on the bafaltes of the Rhine. In 1793 he purpofed to vifit Egypt, but gave the preference to Ame- rica. He went firlt to Spain ; then to the Canary Iflands in May 1799 ; and thence proceeded to Cumana, on the coaft of Pa- ria, in South America, In 1800 he vifited the OCronoko, the Rio Negro, the Cafiquiare, the communi- cation of the Orxinaro with the river of Amazons, and penetrated by land to the frontiers of Brazil. Among the curious obfervations which he read to the Inftitute, I remarked thofe on the Cafiquiare, which forms the com- munication between the Oronoko and the Rio Negro, concerning whofe fource a miftaken notion had been entertained ; thofe on the very active poifon of the Gu-- aris ; on the dreadful inconvenience of the Maringuins ; and on the Otomates, who eat a pound of argillaceous earth without fuftaining any injury. In 1801 he went to the ifland of Cuba, tc Carthagena. He difcovered that there was {carcely a difference of a quarter of a line of the barometer between the Gulph of Mexico and the Pacific Ocean; a quef- tion of which I was long defirous of pro- curing the folution. In 1802 M.von Humboldt went to Peru, afcended the Andes, vifited Santa Fé de Bogota, Quito, Loxa, Guayaquil, Lima, Acapulco, and in 1803 Mexico— It is furprifing to find that the fituation of Mexico was fo ‘naccurately determined as to leave an uncertainty of two or three der grees 5 he found the difference of the me- ridians tobe 6h. 4.5’ 20”, and the latitude 19° 26/2". Having madea great num- ber of excurfions and obfervations in Mex- ico, he repai:ed to the Havannzh, and af- terwards to Philadelphia, At length on the 4th of Auguft he arrived at Bour- deaux, with forty cheftsof collections, fix thoufand plants, a great number of maps, aftronomical determinations of 240 places, R2z 529 182 goo barometrical altitudes, phyfical ob- fervations on the load-ftone, on the tem- perature of the earth and of the fea, on fifty four volcanoes, on the projeted com- munication of the two oceans, and on the moral hiftory of man. M. Bonpland, the worthy companion of his travels, was born at Rochelle at the end of the year 1774. He is an excellent botanift. M. von Humboldt highly extols the Spaniards. Their navigators are uncom- monly clever in obferyations ; and he was aftonifhed to obferve the degree of emula- tion, intelligence, and adtivity, which pre- vailed among them. They expend confi- derable fums in inftruments ; and Spain may ferve as a model to nations the moft jealous with refpeé to nautical {cience.— The tables of MM. Mendoza were attended with great expence, but they are extreme- ly ufeful. General Sanfor, who is at the head of the depot of war, has complied with the defire of the Bureau of Longitude, to un- dertake the menfuration of the degrees of longitude ‘in France, from Strafburg to Breit. M. Henry, who had given proofs of his talents at Manheim, at Munich, and at Peterfburg, fet off the 1rth of April. The 2oth of July he began the menfura- tion of the bafe, and on the 16th of Sep- tember it was finiflied. It is 9780 fa- thoms. He performed his operations with the admirable rulers of platina em. ployed by M. Delambre for the bales of Perpignan and Melun. The eclipfe of the 12th of February was obferved at Rome, at Madrid, at Marfeilles, and at Peterfburg ; but the weather was almoft every where unfa- vourable. M. Delambre has obferved the folftices, and has obtained the fame refults as the preceding year. The winter-folftice gives 6" more, taking Bradley’s refractions. On the 25th ef May, 1804, I depofited atthe Observatory the manufcripts and ebfervations of Louville, Bouguer, Lu- caille, and d’Agelet, that they might be united to thofe of Lemonnier. At Geneva the Gbfervatory has been reftored to its former ftate. Meffis. Pic- tet, Maurice, and Jolin Louis Pi&tet Mal- let, the fon of him who went to Kola, ob- ferved the occultation of the Pleiades on the 2oth of October. The Elector of Bavaria is building an obfervatory in the vicinity of Munich.— The fpot chofen for this edifice embraces an immente horizon, Profeflor Sey fier, a Hijtory of Aftronomy for 1804¢ [Sept. Iy celebrated aftronomer of Gottingen, bas been appointed director of this eftablifie ment; Some rich proprietors of eftates in Vol- hynia and the Ukraine have raifed contri- butions among themfelves for the purpofe of eftablifhing lyceums at Kryeminice and at Winnica for the phyfical fciences.— They have purchafed the library and in- ftruments of the King of Poland. M. Sniadecki has received twelve thoufand francs for telefcopes and pendulums ; and no expence will be {pared to have well- furnifhed objervatories. M, Goldbach, an able aftronomer cf Leipzig, regretted that he was not able to devote himfelf entirely to our fcience: E endeavoured to procure him an advanta- geous fituation, in order to attach him to it. At length M. Novofiltzoff, Prefident of the Academy, and M. Murawieff, ap- pointed him profeffor at the Univerfity of Mofcow, with a falary of fix thoufand francs. He is charged to direét the con- ftruétion of the new obfervatory, to pre. vide it with inftruments, to make the cur- rent obfervations, to train. to praétical aftronomy fuch pupils as fhall poflefs the preparatory attainments, and to hold a courte of leCtures on theoreticalaftronomy, either in French or German, in oneof the auditories of the univerfity. Several telefcopes, by Cary, of different degrees of power, a good aftronomical pen= dulum, a chronometer by Arnold, and an entire portable circle, a foot in diameter, had previoufly been procured, and ans other, three feet in diameter, by Ramf{- den’s fucceflor, was expected. M. Gold- bach will therefore be provided with alt the means of being ufeful to the Obferva- tory of Mofcow. The Emperor of Ruf- fia fill continues to manifeft a defire for promoting knowledge, and an attachment — to men of letters. M. Goldbach availed him{elf of hisjourney to determine the po= fitions of feveral towns : among the reft that of Riga, ie git, While M. Goldbach is_ eftablifhing th. 27’ o”, and 56¢ ; 4 sy oy a rit PF ra 4 £ ‘a aftronomy at Mofcow, Meffts. Schubert and Wifniewfki are occupied at the Ob- fervatory of Peterfburg, and give us reas fon to expect a feries of obfervations.—= The Academy has likewife engaged a mechanic, named Dienel, who wil be ufe- ful to the Obfervatory. Mr. Lambton has meafured in the Eaft Indies anarch of the meyidian with in= — ftruments by the celebrated RamMen 5 but we are not yet acquainted with the re- fulte 3805.) fult. Itis his intention to meafure feve- _ ral degrees. | The ‘* Connoiflance des Tems” for the year 15, which appeared towards the con- clufion of this year, contains a great num- - ber of memoirs, tables, obfervations, and . calculations, by Meffrs. Delaplace, De- lambre, Dezack, Chornpré, Meflier, Vidal, Guerin, Fiaugergues, Lalande, Burck- hardt, Duc la Chapelle, Olbers, Thulis, ' Mougin, Schroter, Keizer, Calandrelli, _ and Conti; the Life of Bernier; the Hit tory of Aftronomy for 18035 the obfer- vations of the planets Piazzi and Olbers. We have received, rather late, it is true, an interefting book, publifhed in _ 1800, the third volume of ‘* Aftronomical Effays,” by John Jerome Schrdter. It contains refearches relative to the planet _ Jupiter, to the rotation of Mercury, and _ tocomets. The eleventh volume of the Italian So- ciety contains a Supplement to the Cata- logue of Stars by Cagnoli, of which we ~ Spoke in terms of praife lat year: a me- ~ moir by M. Piazzi on the obliquity of the ecliptic, the refult of which agrees with ~ that found at Paris ; the mean obliquity a for 1800, 23° 27' 58", inftead of 59’, for _ the fummer felftices, and fmaller by 9” inftead of 6" for the winter folftices. It _ likewife contains the obfervations of ~ Meffts. Chimincilo and Caffella. . } In the feventh volume of <* Notices and " Extraéts of Manufcripts of the National Library,” are 240 pages of obfervations ‘and tables of Ibn Junis, in Arabic, with a ‘tranflation by M. Cauffin, whofe labour has been extremely ufeful for the theory of the Moon. The printing of the ‘* Tables of the Sun,” by M. Delambre, has been com- _ menced. In thefe are many new equa- tions, all the elements of which have been _ verified by new obfervations. When thefe tables are finifhed, thofe of the Moon will be printed, and afterwards thofe of the planets. f M. Cagnoli has publifhed a fecond edi- ~ tion of his “ Trigonometry’’ in Italian, with fome interefting additions. z __ M. Biot has given an ‘¢ Abridgment of _ Phyfical Atronomy,”’ for the ufe of femi- _ ‘Waries, containing an abridgment of all _ the difcoveries defcribed in the ** Meca- ~ Bigue Celefte”” of M. Delaplace, and the _ Principles of afronomy as in my Abridg- © ment. ___M. Bode has publithed the «* Epheme- ‘rides for 1806.” He has introduced ma- } Hiftory of Afironomy for 1804. 133 ny obfervations by M. Mechain at Paris, M. -Triefnecker at Vienna, Meflrs. David and Bitner at Prague, M. Beiler at Mit tau, M. Wurm at Blaubeuren, M. Bugg at Copenhagen, M. Derflinger at Kremi- miinfter, Meffrs. Schréter and Harding at Lilienthal, M. Jungnitz at Breflau, M. Benzenberg at Hamburg, M. Ganfs at Brunfwick, M. Olbers at Bremen, M,. Fritfch at Quedlinburg, M. Seyfert at Drefden, M. de Ende at Zell, M. Kautich at Leutomifchel, M. Schubert at Peter burg, M. Brandes at Eckwarden, M. Klu- gelat Haile, M. Kock at Danzig ; letters from M. Piazzi and many others relative to aftronomy ; eclipfes of ftars, and ob- fervations of new planets. This collec- tion, written in German, convinces me more and more of the neceffity of acquir- ing that language. M. Harding has remarked very rapid alterations in the Jight of the planet Ol- bers ; they were in general very percep- tible in the interval of 40! of time. He announces that M. Schroter and he have always found the ring of Saturn without rotation till the moment of its difappear- ance. M. Benzenberg announces that he hag feen Jupiter in broad day ; and he men- tions perfons who can fee Regulus and others the fatellites of Jupiter without te- lefcopes. M. Warm has found the equation of the Sun by Venus to be 11/6, and the fize of Venus as‘1,06 to the earth; but M. Delambre, by a great number of ebferva- tions, made it only o”g6. The obfervas tions of Bradley and Maikelyne produced the fame refule. The ‘* Ephemerides of Vienna for 1805°" contain new Tables of Mars by M. Triefnecker ; the perturbations calculated by M. Schubert at Peterfburg ; 77 pages of obfervations made at Vienna by Meffis. Triefnecker and Burg, at Buda by Mefire, Taucher and’ Holiman, at Prague by Mefirs. David and Bittner, at Cremfmuns fter by M. Derflinger, at Cracow by M, Sniadecki, at Padua by M. Chiminello, at Ratifbon by Rl. Heinrich, at Paris by M. Mechain, at Uplal by Meffrs. Profpe- rin, Swanberg, Mallet, Holinguift, Trig- den, Rotheram, Nordinarck, Troil, Lan. defech, and Bredman, at Lund by M. Lidtgren ; calculations by M. Bede, aftronomer of Carlfburg ; and many ob- fervations in France, extracted from the *6 Connoiflance des Tems.”’ (To be continued. J For 134 For the Monthly Magazine. THE ANTIQUARY. NO. Vv. On the HISTORY of ANCIENT CASTLES. HERE are few branches of hiftorical refearch which have been fo little at- tended to as that which relates to military architecture. ‘The fplendour of our ab- bies and cathedrals has engroffed the principal attention ; while our ancient caftles, fo long the refidence of fortitude, honour, courtefy, and wit, whole hiftory and difpofition throw a more than com- mon light upon the whole fyftem of our national manners, have been almoft en- tirely neglected. Mr. Dunham Whitaker, in the ‘* Hif- tory of Whalley,” fays, <* The manfions of our forefathers may be arranged ac- cording to the defcending-fcale of ficiety in the following order :—1. The caftle; 2. The caftelet ; 3. The ancient unem- batteled manor-houfe; 4. The greater and lefs unembatieled manfion of Queen Elizabeth and James I. ; 5. The ordinary hall-houfe ; 6. The farm; and 7. The cottage. The origin of the fecond (fays Mr. Whitaker) was chiefly in the border- counties, where no man thought himfelf fecure from marauders in an ordinary dwelling. It was a fingle tower of feveral ftories, and ferved its owner for almoft every purpofe ; ftrongly reminding us of the frit times defcribed by Juvenal:— GG inleie iis slejslelojs we cum frigida parvos Preberet {fpelunca domos, ignemque, larem- ue Et et dominos communi clauderet um- bra.”? But this mode of treating the fubjeét, however plaufible in its appearance, would be inadequate to its intent, and would facrifice much curious and ufeful intelligence to the obfervance of arrange- ment. In itfelf, too, it is not fufficiently extenfive, fince it embraces in the firft in- fiance only thofe caltles which were in- tended for refidence as well as for defence ; and not only overlooks"both the Brisith and the Roman cajira, but omits all men- tion of thofe numerous edifices which arofe fromthe time of Edward ITI. te that of Henry VII. ; which, while they had lof the real caftellated character, retained many of its peculiarities. To give a minute and fucciné& hiftory of ancient cafiles here, would be impof- - fible. We can only prefent the reader with a general outline, thewing the great- er and more prominent changes which The Antiquary. [Sept.1, marked this feature of our ancient milita- ry character ; referving the praétices and — ; manners which reigned within them for diftin& confideration. 4 Tiil the introdu&tion of the feudal fyf- tem, they afford but little that carries with ita lively intereft ; but after that period we trace in their hiftory the rife, the progrefs, and the decline, of chivalry ; whofe influence was fo confiderable not only on manners but on literature. The fubjeét, indeed, has been lately treated more at large ; but the generality of read~ ers, we prefume, will be better pleafed with a fhort intelligible effay, than with the ponderous information of four folio volumes. The early Britifh fortifications feem to have been little more than mere intrench- ments of earth. Czfar, however, pene= trated not far enough to know the true na- ture of the Britifh fortrefles ; and his work ‘ De Bello Gailico” feems only to have defcribed the lowland camp. In all parts of England there are a vaft number of ftrong intrenchments of a very peculiar kind, fituated chiefly on the tops of natu- ral hills) and which can be attributed to none of the different people who have ever dwelt in the adjaceat country but the an- cient Britons. That they may have been ufed at different times and occupied on emergencies by the fubfequert inhabitants of the ifland, is more thaa probable; bur there are many and undoubted reafons for deeming them the ftrong pofts and faft. nefles of the aboriginal fettlers, where they lodged their wives, formed their garrifons, and made their ftand. That the Britons * were accuftomed to fortify fuch places, we are exprefsly told by Tacitus, who, deferibing the ftrong holds reforted to by Caraétacus, fays, <* Tune montibus ar- duis, et fi qua clementer accedi poterant, inmodum valli faxa preftruit.”” One of the moft important of thefe faft- nefles in our own country is the Here- fordthire beacon, fituated on the very fum- mit of one of the higheft of the Malvern hills. Ithas been by turns attributed to the Romans, the Saxons, and the Danes ; - but its conftruétion as a ftrong hold fhews it was defigned for fomething more than temporary ufe; perhaps as a fecurity for the whole adjacent country on any emer- gency. Another of thefe fortreffes is at Bruff in Staffordfhire: it is placed on the fummit of a hill, is furrounded by two deep ditches, and has a rampart formed of — ftones. Other inflances are adduced by Mr. Pennant in his ** Tour in Wales,” and ty Mr, King in the fir volume ie é the = wt a ® ‘ the ftationary camps. 1805.1 the “ Munimenta Antiqua:” but a ftronger than all perhaps is given by Mr. Gough, in the ‘* Additions to Camden,” who fhews that the true Caer Caradoc, ‘the very fortrefs we have alluded to in the fentence quoted, which, if not the royal feat of Caraéctacus, feems to have been at leaft his fortrefs, was in Shrop- fhire, two miles fouth of Clun, and three from Coxal. The defcription of it is magnificent. Of the fame kind of for- trefles were Penmaen-Maur in Caernar- vonfhire, Warton Cragg in Lancafhire, Old Ofweftry in Shropfhire, the irregular incampment of Maiden Caftle nigh Dor- chefier, and probably Gld Sarum, whofe character was new-modelled by the Ro- mars. The Britifh mode of warfare appears to have received but little alteration from the introduction of the Roman taétics.— Till finally fubdued, their princes fhewed abilities both in the command of armies and in the conduét of a war: they chofe their ground judicioufly ; formed able plans of agtive operation, and availed themfelves of all the advantages of local knowledge ; but to the fortreffes defcrib- ed, if we may rely on the teftimonies of our old writers, they did not very fre- quently retire. Of the Roman military works in this _ country, the greater part were temporary ; many, however, were ftationary pofis ; and a few, to the retention of which the “greateft importance was attached, became walled cafira, Czfar (De Bell. Gall. 1. _ Wii.) defcribes one of his camps as fortified very much in the manner of a walled city. _ A few of the Roman ftations in our own _ country aflift in throwing light on the de- Meription : and, in fhort, fuch as were fo furrounded appear to have been the link ~ Of conneStion between the Britith earth. _ work and the feudal caflle. _ _ Richborough, Portchefter, and Peven- ” fey, arethe three greate%t fortreffes the Ro- ans have left us. Richborough, the i lieft in order of time, is the compleateft Tuin; and is decided on by Mr. King as yet exhibiting ail the principal parts of one of the very greateft and mot perfect of It is f{uppofed to have been begun in the year 43, in the Feign of Claudius ; but not to have been eompleated till 205, under the direction of the Emperor Severus. That in the Roman ) mes there muft have been many other h walled-ftations, is more than probable. he Saxons, in the courfe of their long 8 with the Britons, deftroyed many of The Antiquary. 135 the fortifications that had been thus ereé&t. ed; and, after their final fettlement, ne- gleéted to repair thofe that remained, or to build any of theirown. By thefe means the country became open and defencelefs ; which greatly facilitated the incurfions of the Danes, who met with little obfruction from fertified places. That there was, however, fomething like a caftle at Bamborouga in Northum- berland, ere&ted early in the 6th century, we have the concurrent teftimony of hif- torians. A caftle at Corffe, in Dorfet- fhire, is faid to have exifted in the days of Edgar. Portchefter Caftle, during this period, undoubtedly retained iis defigna- tion ; and Mr. King endeavours to prove that the fortrefs ot Caftleton in Derbyhhive is of as high antiquity. Alfred the Great feems to have been the firft of the Anglo-Saxon kings who was fenfible of the defencelels ftate to which the country in this point had been reduced.— Affer tells us, that, when he had reduced the Danes, he fpent much of his time in repairing the ruined walls of London, and in building forts in the moft convenient places; but that in doing this he met with much oppofition and troubie from the indolence of his people. Elfleda, his he- roic daughter, inherited the wifdom of her father ; and not only fought many battles againft the Danes, but, if Henry of Hun- tingdon may be believed, in the fhort {pace of three years built no lefs than eight fortrefles of tolerable ftrength. From this time the ereétion, reparation, and de- fence, of caftles became a public objeét of attention, and one of the three fervices ta which ali the lands of England were fub- jected, When we refle&t, however, on the low ebb to which the arts were then reduced, we fhall not expeét to find thefe caftles either trong or beautiful. Yet thoughto us they may appear exceeding weak and artlefs, they afforded no lefS advantage and fecurity to their defenders than the moft regular fortifications of the prefent day can do to their defcendants. They were ufually taken by fudden bold affaults; by wounding and killing their defenders with ftones, arrows, darts, and {pears ; by fcal- ing their walls, and burfting open their gates, or fetting them on fire. Among the trongeft and moft curious, however, of the Saxon caftles, we may reckon that of Colchefter, which appears to have, been evected early in the tenth century by Fd- ward the Elder. Some have called this venerable ruin Roman; others have called it 136 it Britith ; but Camden and the generality of the beft writers have afcribed it to the Saxons. But the deficiency of ftrong pofts throughout the country was {till obferv- able ; and to this we muft probably attri- bute the defeat of Harold ; fince without them it became neceflary that all thould be rifked upen the ifue of a fingle battle. — William the Conqueror, it appears, faw the defegt, and like a ikilful general fup- plied it. He feems to have raifed them in abundance ; and thofe which were not en- tirely new, he appears to have newly mo- delled. The Norman fyftem of cattella- tion, it ould feem, materially differed from the Saxon; and as in the civil, fo in the military architelure of the time, the pro- portions of the various parts appear to have been enlarged. The general fhape or plan was far lefs fimple than among the Saxons, and cepended entirely on the ca- price of the architeéts, or on the ground intended to be occupied. ‘The towers, if we may judge from our caftellated ruins, were not confined to any particular figure, but in .the original parts of the fame building appear to have been fquare, or round, or polygonal, as fuited the fancy of the builder. It has been fuppofed by fome, that in differ:nt parts of the king- dom our ancient caliles are marked by an appropriate character ; but this appears . not generally to have been the cafe. The truth is, that a great number of the flrongeft kind were built about the reign of Stephen ; and they multiplied to fuch an inordinate extent, that, as Camden fays, in the reign of Henry II. we had no Tefs than 1115. One of the moft com- plete of thefe, which were principally ba- ronial, was Berkeley Cafile ; and its an- cient ftrength and magnificence may be yet athered from its relics. The different alterations that have taken place fince it was ina ftate of defence, may be found in Biglana’s ** Hiftory of Gloucefterfhire.”” The particular defeription of a Norman caftle may be feen in Mr. Dallaway’s «¢ Heraldic Inquiries ;*’ and the charaétéer of our caftles in the different centuries may perhaps be in part gathered from the following fpecimens. Norham Caille, built in 11213 defcribed in the ‘* Hiftory of Durham. Scarberough in 1136. Con- way and Caerphilly by our firft Edward. One of the towers of Alnwick in 1350. Lumieyin1389. The great tower at the north eaft corner of Warwick Cafile in 3594, at the expence of 3951. 5s. 2d.— And Caiftor in Norfolk early in the fif- teenth century, The following defcrip- The Antiquary. sj [Sept. 1, a tion, however, taken principally from Dr, Heory’s ** Hiftory of England,” will be found generally applicable to what are called the caftles of the middle ages. « Or glowing tints that gild th’ empurpled morn. Thine is the modeft Blatay light which beams \ | From ftars that pave mild Cynthia’s night- % ly way’; "While fromher car a paly luftre gleams, > Faint as the breeze that waves the afpin {pray, The Jight-wing’d hours of dewy Morn and * Eve Now uncontefted leave thy ebon throne ; _ And while o’er all thy dark’ning banners wave, Thou fir feeure, majeftic, and alone, ~ Montuzy Mag, No, 133. ¥ nf 5°) ORIGINAL POETRY. The flocks repofe : barks, Nor twittering found efcapes the fongfter’s neft 5 The Echoes fleep, and folemn Silence marks Thy peaceful hour of univerfal reft. no village watch-dog As move thy minutes undifturb’d and low, Life’s bufy cares and reftlefs paffions fleep, Save where the wretch bemoans his hopelefs woe, Or waking faints their holy vigils keep : Or, haply, Superftition’s voice afcends, And myftic hymns difturb thy filent reign; Or Filial Love or facred Friendthip bends With fond attention o’er the bed of Pain. The bed of Pain ve watch’d with ceafelefs care : Thou, Midnight Hour, alas! full well I know ; For thou haf fond me fadly ftation’d there, Unknowing change—except to deeper woe! With profpeéts dreary as thy fable gloom, My palfied mind has fhrunk in chill dif may 5 With trembling glances view’d the filent room Where modeft Virtue half-expiring lay. Oft did this fruitlefs prayer break— ‘¢ Life-breathing Power thy welcome man- date give ; «© Let healthful breezes fan life’s vital fpark, *€ And ftrength diffufing, bid Eugenio live. «¢ When in the confines of the eaftern fky *€ Aurora’s hand unbars the gates of day, *¢ With gloom-clad hades let pallid ficknefs thy filence And Health return with ing ray.” That joy- fraught feafon hadft thou prov’d to Morn’s return- be ; Though bound by froft, or dark with mifty fhow’rs, Or tempeft-clad, thou fill hadft prov’d to: ; me The firft, the faire of the circling hours. Yet fill one charm my chearlefs foul can find ; Thou canft one fyfapathetic charm beftow ; Thine are the glooms that meet my kindred mind ; For thee Vil twine a cyprefs- wreath of woe, MATILDA. Brifiol, September 1804. a TRANSLATION OF THE INSCRIPTION ON A MEDAL OF LOUIS XIV. EE, in profile, Great Louis here defign’d : S Both eyes pourtray’d would ftrike the gazer blind ! 7 SONNET» 146 SONNET, SUPPOSED TO BE WRITTEN ON THE RE- TURN OF SPRING. ys paft !—gay Flora crowns the laughing {phere 5 No more the plains in wint’ry fadnefs mourn, But when for me hall bloom the youthful year, Or when the dreams of infant life return ? Full foon, alas ! the foft illufion fades, That oft? young Fancy’s heedlefs morn be- guiles, When the dear hope of lafting blifs pervades Her fairy warblings and her fyren {miles. O life! what pangs the feeling foul muft bear, That Jone and hopelefs treads thy toilfome way4 But Virtue’s hand difpels each baneful care, And points, exulting, to the blifsful-day, Theday, that, deftin’d to a fofter fhore, Shall prove thy forrows and thy woes no more. R. ——aa——— MARTIAL II. s. BELIEVE me, old acquaintance, with de- . light I'd fit and chat with you from morn to night ; But from my humble lodging to your door Are two good miles, two back again make four: I often find you abfent when I come, And often, too, your man fays—‘* Not at home.” Two miles to fee you [ would gladly trudge, But four to mifs you I confefs I grudge, aE THE WISH. IMITATED FROM THE LATIN OF LIAM COWPERy, ESQ. WiLe © O matutini rores, auraque falubres, “© O nemora,” &c. How bright the fcené by Nature’s hand pourtray’d, Where hills and groves in wild aflemblage rife ; \ What time the Morn in rofeate veft array’d, With orient luftre fills the kindling fkies. Dear fcenes ! may Fate within your lov’d do- mains Revive the blifs I fondly prov’d of yore: In you the charms that grac’d my natal plains, When firft their beauties warm’d this : heart, reftore. Here fhrin’d in fhades, as length’ning life de- cays, May guardian Friendfhip crown the fylvan cell 5 On my lone grave an artlefs tribute raife, And o’er thefe afhes breathe a laft fare- well, R. Original Poetry. [Sept. 1, MARTIAL, I. 16. Dear companion of my youth, Of kindnefs prov’d, and ancient truth ! Your fixtieth year is haftening on, And all the beft of life is gone: To care the poor remains are due, With fcarce one tranfient joy in view. Grafp then each pleafure in your power, Nor let flip by one happy hour. Fools only of the future borrow ; He lives too late who lives to-morrow. A. a ARABIAN ODE. BY LAURA SOPHIA TEMPLE, H gently breathe, thou Weftern Gale, O’er Yemen’s wide and fertile vale ! O’er Yemen’s fhades, where tranfport dwells, Where ev’ry bud with beauty fwells ; Where fmiling Peace delights to rove, Where laughing Echo whifpers Love. Oh gently breathe, and let thy figh Unclofe the Vi’let’s purple eye ! Lift, oh lift thy trembling wing, And round the flow’r thy frefhnefs fling! Brufh from its leaves, with pinion light, The cold and envious dews of night ! Tis done! its petals feek the day, And hail with fweets the morning ray ! Vi'let, I love thy foft perfume Beyond the Tulip’s gaudy bloom ! Thou mindeft me of all the grace That plays around my Ora’s face. When inthe deep and verd’rous dell I view thy fweet retiring bell, I feem to view 4er timid glance Struggling with Paflion’s warm romance, Where Coldnefs ftrives to keep the fway, And deals out hope with coy delay. More tempting feem’ft thou, beauteous Flow’r! When peeping from the fore{t-bow’r,— And fe more lovely in mine eyes When from my gaze fhe blufhing flies. Yet, Flow’r, though rich thy odours flow, Thou want’ft Ler bright voluptuous glow ! Oh fay then whither fhall I feek The wonders of her mantling cheek ! I'll fearch the deep enfhrouding grove To find fome emblem of my love. Oh, loit’ring Rofe! I {py thy blufh, The em’rald leaf betrays its flufh : Thou art the emblem of my Love, Thou Queenof all the envious grove : Thou haft her modefty and bloom, Thou haft her breath’s divine perfume. Here then beneath this Pine-tree’s thade Will Hamet mufe upon his Maid 5 Here will he-think he views her charms, While Abfence holds her from his arms ; The gay pavilion will he fly, r And hide his care from humaneye 5 ~ Lull'd by the murmur of the floods, And mufic of Arabian woods 5 And view amidf the curtain’d gloom The likenefs of his QOra’s bloom. Augy 1805. f eet ; Extratis a i) 1805. ] { 147) Extras from the Port-folio of a Man of Letters. SAINT ROMUALD- N the Monthly Magazine (vol. xi. p. 501), fome inquiries concerning St. Rumald, or Rumbold, are anfwered by ftating, that a child of that name, born at King’s Sutton, was canonized. This may be ; but there is a far more celebrat- ed faint of the name, of whom Muratori thus fpeaks in the ‘¢ Annals of Italy,” under the year 1010 :—*'In quefti tempi per la Tofcana fpezialmente, e pel ducato di Spoleti, San Romoaldo, abbate, fpar- geva odore di gran fantita, edificava mo- nafteri, e dilatava l’ordine religiofo, che fi chiamo Camaldolenfe.’?) This faint, the Benediétine reformer, was promoted by the Emperor Henry of Germany to be abbot of the monaltery of St. Adalberto, inRavenna. He lived to the unufual age of 120, if one may credit the *¢ Vita S. Romuaidi”’ of Petrus Diaconus. MARBLED-SOAP. Some years ago (vol. xv. ps 325) one of your Correfpondents inquired concern- ing the make of marbled-foap, and. ex- preffed a little difpleafure at the privacy affeéted by a foap-boiler to whom he had applied for a defcription of the procefs.— ‘Ido not perceive that the folicited infor- mation has ever been communicated. I know little of the matter ; but, when a “boy at fchool, I was in the habit of vifit- ing at the houfe of a kinfman who manu- faétured marbled-foap, and in whofe work-rooms I have occafionally feen this fubftance made. What I recollect is this. The fragments of white-foap which broke off in the cutting it up for fale, were thrown together in a binn. When boil- ing-days were at hand, thefe fragments were minced with a femicircular job- knife, fuch as is ufed to fever whole cheefes, and reduced nearly to the form in- to which a cook chops fuet on a trencher. Thefe dice of foap were next thrown pro- mifcuoufly into the trough, or cooler, where the next foap was to be refrigerated and moulded. Into thekettle, or copper, of hot foap, a certain quantity, fometimes of cinnabar, and fometimes of pounded indigo, was flung and ftirred up. The li- quid hot foap, thus ftained, was then poured on the cold fragments, whole edges it blunted and melted off, and whofe interftices it filled up. When cold, a ho- Mogeneous mafs had been formed, which was a beautifully marbled foap, DATE OF THE FIRST BOOK OF MACCA- BEES. Calmet, Michaelis, and Eichhorn, are at a lofs for the date of the firlt book of Maccabees. Among the fymptomatic paflages which they plead in behalf of their refpective fuppofitions, no mention is made of the fixteenth verfe of the eighth chapter : yet this verfe nearly decides the quettion. Speaking of the Romans, it obferves, ‘© That they committed their government to one man every year, who ruled over all their country, and that all were obedient to that one, and that there was neither envy nor emulation among them.”” This defcription is not true of any pe- riod during the Roman republic ; for then they kad two confuls every year.— It is not true of the dictatorfhip of Julius Czfar ; for that was not renewed annu- ally. It is not true of the interval domi- necred by a triumvirate 5 nor is it true of any zra fubfequent to the affumption of the auguft and imperial titles by O&tavius, for thefe were conferred for ten years. It applies only to that fhort period interven- ing between the battle of Aétium and the acceptance of the emperorfhip ; while Auguftus was yearly re-appointed chief conful, and united in appearance the cha- raéters of an annual and of a fole magil- trate. ; The author of the firft book of Macca- bees therefore obtained his ideas of the Roman world during the four or five years immediately fucceeding the battle of Ac- tium ; unlefs perhaps the impreffion fo ftu- dioufly made during thefe years continued to prevail throughout the reign of Auguf- tus in Egypt and the remote provinces, which were flow in finding out that the fenate had accepted a perpetual mafter. ORIGIN OF CHRISTMAS, Gibbon (vol. ii. p. 326) takes part with thofe antiquaries who fuppofe our Chriftmas to have originated in the Pagan Brumalia, or celebration of the winter- folftice 1 this difaccords with the precile date. Is it not more probable that the Jewith feftival ordained by Judas Macca- bus (1 Maccabees, iv. 59.) in honour of the dedication of the altar, fhould have become a Chriftian rite? This feltival took place on the twenty-fifth of the month Caflem, which, as it nearly coincided with December, would be fo tranflated. / DIAPERS. 145 DIAPERS. Diaper is the name given toa linen- cloth with a rhomboidal figure or pattern, which js ufed to make napkins and night- caps. Whence the word? I fufpecst it to have been originally written D’Ypres ; that the art of manufacturing it was brought hithexfrom Flanders 5 and that the article was named from its native place. Many kinds of ftaff are called from the towns in which they were firk made. Thus, at Leeds are fold Amens (originally Amiens) ; at Halifax, Denims (originally De Nifmes) ; at Manchefer, calicoes (originally Calicuts or Calcut- tas); at Norwich, Mecklenburgs ; and in Spital-fields, Mantuas and Paduafoys.— Worltead-yarn is fo called froma town in Norfo'k, where the Flemifh wool-combers firft fettled ; and porcelain has its vulgar name from China. DR. ARTHUR CHARLET /0 ARCHBISHOP TENISON (giving fome ACCOUNT of MR. POLAND).—E£x BIB. HARL. ‘© MAY IT PLEASE YOUR GRACE, «© Thave not the fatisfaion to know either Dr. Williams* or his fon, fo much as by face, but I am very well acquainted with his learned writings againft the Pa- pitts, Deilts, and in defence of the Litur- gy, that jufily entitle him to the favour of all, that love the Church or learning. {am heartily forry I did not know fooner his fon’s pretenfions and your Grace’s wifhes, having a little {pent my credit al- ready with my neighbours. ‘¢ Mr. Warden ‘is a very fincere pro- moter of learning ; but his long, and fre- quent abfence from the College, has de- prived him of that juft authority with his fociety which he ought to have, and, by -his continual prefenee now, hereafter will have. The time is now very fhort, but whatever good office I can do, fhall zea- loufly be performed with regard to your Giace’s pleafure. Where~{o many pre- tend, and thole young, we think one dif. appointment a fair ftep, if the youth be hopeful, to be preferred the next election. §* As to Mr. Poland’s behaviour, it was fo publicand notovious here, that the kate Vice Chancellor ordered him to de- * Author of The Cafe of Lay Commu- nion with the Church of England confidered. Lond. 1683, 4to.—A Roman Catechifm, with an Anfwer thereto, Lond. 1686-7;— Vindication of Archbifhop Tillotfun’s Ser- mon’s, concérning the Divinity and Incarna~- tion of our bleffed Saviour Lord. 1695. 4to — Eglurhad byrr ar Gatechilm yr Eglwys yug- byd a Thyftiflaechau or Serythurlan, ' Extradis from the Portfolio of a Man of Letters. [Sept. 15 part this place ; which he accordingly pro- mifed to do, and did for fome time, but afterwards, in the Vice Chancellor's ab- fence, returned. Evidence was then of- ferred upon oath, of his trampling upon the Common Prayer Book, talking againft the Scriptures, commending Comman- wealths, juftifying the murder of King Charles, railing againft priefts in general, with a thoufand other extravagancies, as his commen converlaticn. His behavicur was the fame in Scotland and Helland, where he quarrelled with the profeffors. He had the vanity here to own himflf a fpy upon the Univerfity ; and infinuaied, that he received penfions from fome great men, and that bis charagters of perfons here were the only meafures followed above. His infolent carriage made him at laft contemptible, both to the {cholars and the,townfmen: I was always Apt to fancy that he would appear at Jali to bea Papift. He pretended to great intrigues and correfpondencies, and by thole means abufed the names of fome very great men. He boafted much of the young Lord Ath- ley Cooper; how he had framed him, and that he fhould outdo his grandfather in all his glorious defigns. At his going away, he pretended {ome -confiderable office would force him to declare himf.Jf of fome Church very fpeedily ; ard that he fhould be a Member of Parliament, and then fhould have an opportunity of being revenged on priefts and univerfities.— When he came down firf, he promiléd him{elf very many difcoveries, from the freedam of my converfation ; but before I came from London, he had fo expofed himfelf, that a very worthy perfor, Mr. Kennett, who was to introduce him to my acquaintance, gave me timely caution, fo that I {aw him but once, at my door, and everafterwards he reputed me amongtt his worft enemies, for which he {wore re- venge. Mr. Creech and Mr. Gibfon,* whom he courted much, very tittle va- lued his learning, to which he fo much pretended. However, I prefume, he might have done well enough, in cafe he could have commanded his temper, which is fo very viclent, as to betray bim in all places and countries he has been in. ‘© IT beg your pardon for this letter, and humbly thank you for your approba- tion of our mufic, which my friend Mr. Pepys very much admires. I humbly beg Jeave to remain your Grace’s moft dutiful fervant, : Ar. CHARLETT.” Univ. College, O8. 25, 1695. * Afterwards Bifhop of Lendon. Author of Chronicon Saxonicum, and other works. PROCEEDINGS 1805.] ( 149 ) PROCEEDINGS OF LEARNED SOCIETIES. ROYAL SOCIETY OF EDIN- BURGH. R. Cuarves Hope has laid before this Society an account of experi- ments, with obfervations, upon the con- tragtion of water by heat at low tempera- tures. It has been long known that heat, when applied to water at the temperature of 32°, caufes a diminution in the bulk of the fluid, The water contraéts, and continues to contraét, with the increafe of temperature, till it reach the goth or 41ft degree. Between this point and the 42d or 43d, it fuffers fcarcely any perceptible change ; but when heated beyond this, it expands in proportion to the heat commu- nicated. The obje€t of Dr. H.’s Paper is to prove, by a fet of new experi- ments, that this opinion with regard to water is founded in truth. -_ Dr. H. refts his conclufions on fix expe- riments, the laft of which is as follows : Ex. vi.—* I filled the jar with water of the temperature 391%, the air and fupport being 39°.” Thermometers were fufpended near the bottom, and juft below the furface of the fluid in the jar. A mixture of fhow and falt was intro- disced into the bafin about the middie part. Bottom. Top. Air. At commencement, . 39-5 39-5 39° In 10 minutes, . 39 38+ Inzgditto, . . . 39+ 36.5* Ingisditto,’ . 6° «39 36— Miigsiditto, 2... '39 35 Aohour and to min. 39— 344+ An hour and 35 ditto, 39— 34— Twohours, . . . 39— 33+ *‘ This experiment (fays Dr. H.) thews, that when a portion in the midJle of a co- Jumn of water at temperature 39.%5 is cooled, the colder fluid rifes, and does not defcend through the warmer mafs, and prefents the unequivocal demonttrations, that water of the temperature 3#3° is ac- tually expanded by lofing heat.”’ The author concludes, that the general import of his experiments is, that water * Ice at this time began to be f6rmed on the fide of the veffel, which is ice-cold, or a few degrees warm. er, when heated, becomes {pecifically hea- vier ;—-thar water of 40° when heated be- comes fpecifically lighter ;—that water above 40%, by the lofs of heat, or by cold, is rendered fpecifically heavier ;—and that water below 40° is by the fame caufe ren- dered fpecifically lighter. Hence heat in low temperatures caufes water to contract, and at fuperior temperatures to expand ; and Dr. H. thinks, that the point»at which the change in the conftitution of this fluid in relation to heat takes place, lies between 394° and 409. Mr. Profeflor PLayrF arr has prefented to this Society ‘* A Comparifon of fome Obfervations on the Diurnal Variations of the Barometer, made by M. Lamanono in Peyroufe’s Voyage round the World, with thofe made at Calcutta by Dr. Bal- four.” The agreement between thefe is re- markable. Dr. Balfour found, during the whole lunation, in which he obferved the barome‘er from half-hour to half- hour, that the mercury conttantly fell from Jo at night to 6 in the morning ; and from 6 to 10 in the morning it role: from 10 in the morning to 6 at night it fell again ; and Jattly rofe from 6 to 10 at night. The greateft height is therefore at ro at night and 10 inthe morning, and the leaft ar 6 at night and 6 in the morn- ing. The only difference between this and the refult of M. Lamanon’s obfervations is, that, according to the latter, the mini- mum jis fated to have happened about 4, inftead of 6. According to Dr. Balfour, the varta- tions of the barometer are conne&ted with the reciprocaiions of the f-a and land- winds during the day and night. But the probability of this fuppofition is deftroyed by the obfervations of the French navier- tors. ‘Thefe obfervations were mae ioo far out at fea to leave room for (app: fing that the land-winds had any influ. ce on the phesomena to which they refer. It is atehe fame time doubtful whether thole phesomena can be afcribed to the atino- fpherical tides produced by the Sun and Moon, as the ebbing and flowing of the mercury in the barometer appears to have he 150 wo dependence on the pofition of thofe fomjnaries relatively to one another, but happens, it fhould feem, conftantly at the fame hour, i ali afpecis of the Mcon, and at all (eafons of the year. The fo'lowing is an account of two in- terelting rainbows feen at Dung als ; as esmmunicated to the Royal Society of Edinburgh, by Mr. Proteflor PLayrair. At Dunglats, a little before funfet, was fzea a large and beautiful rainbows form- e@ on a cloud which hung over the fea, zod from which a fhower was falling at a eonfelevable diliance to the S. E. The Som was about 2° high, fo that the arch eas not much lefs than af micircle with is bigheft point elevated about 40°. At zhe point where the northern extremity of this areh touched the horizon, another arch fzemed alfo to {pring from the fea, diverg- zag from the former at an angle of 3° or 4° on the fide towards the Sun. This arch did not exceed 7° or 8° in length 5 gt was of the fame breadth with the prin- eipal bow ; it had the colours in the fame exder, and nearly of the fame brightnefs ; ex if any difference was di(cernible, it was, that the tranfition from one colour to an- ether was not made with fo much delicacy im. the laft-mentioned rainbow as in the former. A phenomenon fimilar to this is defcrib- ein the & Philofophical Tranfaétions,”’ “wihich is aferibed to the reficction of the Sun’s rays from the furface of the fea, fo as te fallon the cloud where the rainbow was formed. ‘Fhis hypothefis feemed to Mr. P. to agree with the phenomenon witnefled at Dunglafs: for the accidental rainbow was feen only at the extremity where the principal arch rofe from the fea, and where the Sun’s rays, reflected from the furface of the water, might fall ex the drops of rain. The other parts of the cloud could not receive rays fo refleét- ed, as the land intervened, and there, ac- cordingly, ne veltige of the accidental r2inbow was obferved. The aceidental rainbow lay on the fide teward the Sun; which is agreeable to the hypothefis ; for the rays that fell, af- fer refleétion from the furface of the water, on the drops of rain, muft have come as from a point as much deprefled below the Lorzon, as the Sun was, at that inftant, elcvated above it. The axis of the acci- dentul rainbow mutt, therefore, have made ih the axis of the principal one, an anyle equal to twice the Sun’s elevation, aud ks centre mult have been elevated by Proceedings of Learned Sacieties. (Sept. 1, that fame quantity above the centre of the other ; fo that if it had been complete, it would have been wholly between the prin- cipal rainbow and the Sun. When phenomena of this kind occur, Mr. P. recommends, that the inclination of the two bows and the Sun’s height fhould be obferved at the fame time. For if I be call-d their angle of interfection, E the elevation of the Sun, and S§ the angle fubtended at the eye by the femidiameter of the rainbow, if complete—an angle which is conftantly the fame, and nearly equal to 42°, it is ealy to infer from fphe- fine E fine S. Computing from this formula, the incli- nation of the two bows, in the prefent inftance, comes out nearly 5°. Phenomena of this kind can but feldom occur, as the neceflary conditions will not often come together. The principal rain- bow mutt be over the fea, the furface of which muft be fmooth, and extend fome- what on the fide towards the Sun, and the Sun fo low that the light reflected from the water may be confiderable. Sir GEORGE Mackenzie read to this Society a Paper containing an account of experiments on the combuftion of the dia-~ mond, of which the following appears to be entirely new, and tends to prove the identity of carbon and diamond. Having prepared fome pure oxide of iron, he mixed a fmal] quantity of it with one-fourth of its weight of diamond- powder, prepared in the following man- ner :—The diamond, being reduced to powder in a fteel mortar, was boiled in muriatic-acid, to diffolve the iron parti- cles which have been abraded from it.— After proper edulcoration, it was heated in a muffle, to burn off the carbon of the fteel which remained after treatment with the acid, and which rendered the powder of a grey colour. He obferved the coaly matter take fire at the edge of the heap of powder next the ftrongeft heat, and gra- dually fpread itfelf, till at laft the whole appeared as if burning. The glowthrough tie powder ceafed foon after, and on re- moving it he found it perfeétly clean and white. From the diminution of the ori- ginal weight of the diamond, he found that a part of it had been confumed. The mixture of oxide and diamond- powder thus prepared was put intoa Cor- nifh-clay crucible, and expoled to a pretty ftrong heat for half an hour, after which the rical trigonometry that fine £ J = mv 1805.] the oxide was found to be reduced into a metallic button of caft-iron. Another portion of the oxide of iron ufed in this experiment, when placed in the fame cir- cumftances without the diamond, was not Teduced. The Rev. Dr. WiLt1am RicHaRD- SON having fent to Dr. Hore a collection of fpecimens from the northern coaft of Antrim, with a catalogue and obferva- tions, the {pecimens were exhibited to the- Society, and the obfervations read. Of the latter, the firft part relates to a fpecies of balalt difcovered by Dr. Richardfon in the peninfula of Portrufh, about fix miles to the weft of the Giant’s Caufeway, to which Mr. Pictet, of Geneva, in a tour through Ireland, in 1801, gave the Name of filicious bafalt. It is tound to contain a greater proportion of filica than ufual. It is arranged in parallel (trata, from ten to twenty inches thick, conftruét- ed of large prifms, generally pentagonal, which, when broken, divide mto {maller prifms. It contains marine exuvie in great abundance, on which account fome mineralogifts deny that this foffil is of the fpecies of bafalt. The next part of the obfervations relates to the conftruction of the whin-ftone dykes on the coaft of An- trim. They are formed of large maffive prifms, laid horizontally, which are al. ways divifible into fmaller prifins, that are hkewife horizontal. Mr. RusseEv gave tothe Society an ac- . count of a fingular variety of bernia,which is a fpecies of inguinal hernia, and in which the vifcera burft through the com- mon parietes of the abdomen, exactly op- polite to the lower and external orifice of the ring, where they come into contact New Patents lately enrolled. 154 with the fpermatic-cord, and de‘cend along it dire&tly into the fcrotum. The Rev. Dr. Finvayson laid before the Society an account of an Aurora Be- realis, as feen by Dr. Patrick Graham,— This happened after a period of intenfe cold, during which much {now had fallen. It had begun to thaw ; the temperature of the air was mild, and the afpeét of the fky ferene. The Sun was yet a full howe above the horizon, when the heavens be~ came covered with a light palifh vapour, extending in longitudinal ftreaks from wee to eaft. On a minuter examination it proved to exhibit all the charaSters of a true Aurora Borealis. It continued fora {pace of more than twenty minutes, and then gradually vanifhed. Perhaps the phenomenon appears more frequently than is fufpected, an account ef one feen day-light in Ireland, by Dr. H. Ufher, is recorded in the ** Annual Regilter” for 1789. The Royal Society of Edinburgh hare alfo thought worthy of diltin&tion two Pa- pers on antiquities. The one is a letter from the Abbé Mann, concerning the Chartreufe of Perth, from which it appears, that it was erected during the reign, and by the direction, of James 1. of Scorlani, about 1430. The firft prior was Olwald de Corda ; thelaft, Adam Formin, Tie demolition of the religious houfes at Perth began in 1559. he otheris adil- feriation on the term /Eu/l, ov tkoll, uted in old writings, by Dr. Jamiefor. They have alfo prefented to the publica Biographical Memoir of Dr. James Hut- ton, by Mr. Playfair ; and one of Dr. Black, by Mr. Adam Fergufoa. NEW PATENTS LATELY ENROLLED. MR. MALCOLM cowan’s, for Sails for Ships that may be reefed in a few Mi- nutes, in the moft tempeftuous Weather, by very few Seamen, Ge. HE advantages propofed by this in- vention are as follow :--~-To enable fhips to reef their courfes in a few mi- nutés; rift, on a lee fhore, in ftormy wea- ther, when it may be neceflary to reduce the fails, though at the fame time it may be dangerous to take their effe&t off the thip by hauling them up to reef them on the yard: adly, When the fhip’s crews are reduced by ficknefs, by part of them 2 being ia prizes, or employed on fhore, or weakened by labour or fatigue ; 3dly, In gales of wind in frofty weather, when it is difficult to handle the fail; 4thly, In merchant-fhips with few feamen, becaufe the fails can be hauled up and fet again in le(s time, as one part of the fail is taken off or fet again at a time, and confequent- ly receives lefS of the force of the wind. We are allo affured by the patentee, that when fhips are obliged to carry a prefs of fail in {qually weather, in chace, &c. the fails may be reefed and fet again in a minute, without ftarting tack or theet, or 152 New Patents or rifk of fptitting.. Ifa fail thould fplit in one part, it would be ftcpped by the reef-bands. When the fail is hauled up it will be almott ferled to the yard, and bent to the cringles, on the rope of the reef-band, The weight o! the reefs is re- moved from the yard to the foot of the fail, without increafing the itrain on the yards. The fails being reduced at the foot, inftead of the head, will itand longer and better in a gale of wind, as the fqua- reft part of the fail is taken off when reef- ed. Thefe fails can be eafily hauled up out of the fire of guns, &c. and the ex- pence of them will be lefs 5 though they will laft longer, from not being liable to {plit in hauling up or fetting. Half-worn fails made in the ufual form may be alter- ed, and from the faving in the wear and tear wil] abundantly pay for the expence. The mode of working thefe fails is thus explained by the inventor. When the courfes are to be reefed, caft off the lower clews from the thimbles in the upper clews, haul up the flack-fail by the buntlines, and haul tort the recf-line, one part at a time, from the middle of the fail, towards the clews, and make it faft round the upper clews, fo as to confine the lower clews. To fet the fail, reeve a few turns of the lafhing for the clews, and haul them down, overhauling the reef-line and buntlines. To reef the top fails, fend a man upto each lower yard-arm, fettle the hallyards, and haul the fail down by the reef-tackles, and pals the turns of the earings through the thimbles in the earing cringles and on the foot-rope, and make them fatt. Hilt the fail tort up, haul through the flack of the buntlines, and haul tort the reef-line en each fide towards the clews, aid make fal. The top-gallant-fails are reefed in the fame manner by earings at the lower part, and a fmall gafket rove as a reef-line ; or trom the deck by the clewlines and a buat- line. The buntlines and reef-line will confine the flack-fail, when reefed, clofe up in the wake of the reef-band ; and the, buntlines will only require to be kept hard tort, as is ufual, to prevent them from chafing the fail. The Minotaur, of 74 guns, has reefed thefe courfes in two minutes, in a gale of wind, without fending a man off the deck. Obfervations of the Patentee. —Sails made on this plan being adapted to fquare- rigged veilels of every defcription, may, in many iituations, be the means of faving’ them from deftruétion, particularly in the lately enrolled. [Sept. I, winter feafon, when fo many fhips are un- | avo:dably expofed in gales of wind to the dangers of lee-fhores and narrow feas. 2 MR. ALEXANDER BOND’s (HATTON- GARDEN), for Improvements in the Conftruction of Clocks and other Time- Keepers, fo as ta render them of much greater Utility both by Land and Sea. Mr. Bond’s invention confilts, gene- rally, in the making the dial-plate on which the hours are marked, of fome tran- foarent or femitranfparent fubftance, fo that the Jetters and figures, as well as the hands that point to the hour and minutes, being opaque, anda light placed behind, the hour may be known during the night, or in adark room. To accomplith this there are feveral metheds. In one de- {cribed in the fpecification before us, the dial-plate of the clock is advanced fo far before the wheels or movement-part, by means of long axles, that there may be room for placing a Jamp or candle be~ tween the works and the dial plate, fo that the light may go through without in- terruption. In another the works or movements are fo much fmaller than the dial-plate, that the hours and minutes, and the hands that point to them, can be- feen beyond the cafe in which they are contained. In a third the wheels are to be placed either above or below, or at one fide of the dial-plate, fo that the light may fhine through the handles. Thefe clocks, whatever be the nature of the conftruction, are intended to be cover- ed witha cafe, to prevent thé light from {preading over the apartment, provided the lamp or candle is behind the dial- plate. ‘Time keepers of this fort may be fo conftru&ted as to be placed or fixed ina window-fhutter, or in a dcor, or overa door, or in any fituation to tell the hour in a dark apartment. And it is evident that the invention is applicable to clocks of fteeples belonging to churches or other public buildings, as weil as_ to table and other houfe-clocks, whether they go with a {pring or weights, or with a pendulum or balance wheel. Phe fubftances uled by Mr. B, for his Gial-p!ates are glafs of all forts, enamel, china, talc, horn, paper, filk, marble, ivory, or any other fubttance that is either tranfparcnt or femitran{parent, fo as to let fufieient light pafs through to fhew the hour. Mr. Bond has a new method of making enamelled dial-plates, by which the ap- pearance is highly improved, _ Dial-plates ate ufually made of enamel, on a plate of metal, by melting or fufion : thele are very liable to crack by the expanfon and con- _ traétion of two thiu fubftances, the one being of metal, and the other of a vitrious fubftance, fo clofely united and unequally operated upon by heat and c-ld. - Yo remedy this evil the patentee makes the enamelled plates without any metallic fubfance, and of a fufficient thickncfs to admit of giinding and polifiing peifedily fmooth and fist, as looking-g!als plates are polifhed. The plates {o poliflied are then fixed on metal plates by means of _ gum or cement; or by means of fetting them by turning over the edge of the metal, as in jeweilery, and thereby fixing "them tozgetlier, fo asto keep ther in place _ and connetted, but not forclofely as when the enamel is fluxed on the metallic plate. ee MR. C. F. MOLLERSTEN (HACKNEY), Sor a Chemical Compofition and Method of applying the fame in the Preparation of Leather, Silks, Taffetas, and Linen. The compofition prepared for the black colour confiits of two gallons of linfeed- ‘oil, one gallon of whale-oil, and half a pound of horfe-greafe mixed together with _ four pounds of fine-ground Pruflia-blue and four pounds of lampblack, and boiled 0n a ftrong fire ; to thisaddone pound of finely-ground benzoin-gum, mixed in a gallon of linfeed-oil, of which half a gal- Toni put in when the composition has boiled ha!f an hour, and the reft when it is boiled fofficiently, that is, when it is fo thick that no drops fall from any thing dipped into it; and when cold it is fit for For other colours the genuine linfecd- : I mutt be well bleached ; to two gallons which put half a galfon of fpermaceti- and halfa pound of Pruflian-blue ; ace them in a glafs veffel in a ftrong fun, when they have attained the fame onfiftency as the black compofition, after laving boiled half an hour, take a pound “benzoin-gum, mixed with a gallon of -oi! bleached, and add it as before. e colours ufed are thofe comp»fed of allic and animal parts, or metallic ¢ mode of working the leather, and € neceflary implements, are as follow ; orteather, atter having been well cur- ly draw it out with pincers, and nail it | board to fic the aves, which board E cover with woollen blankecs, and fay the compofition on the outfie of @ leather as thin as pollible, by uing BONTHLY Mac, No, 133. New Patents lately enrolled. 153 iron fcrapers of proper dimenfions, Every time the compofition is fo laid on leather, ,put the board into the oven to dry the compofition ; and when it is taken out of the oven dry, and previous to the compo- fition being again put on, the leather muft be well rubbed with pumice-ftone, to fmooth it, and make the compotition fatter on better. When this is done, and the leather peffeffes its regular glofs all over, it is to be {peedily taken loo!e from the board, and when cold it is ready for uie. The number of times the compofition fhouid be put on the leather is very uncer- tain, as it depends entively on its quality. Silks, taffetas, and linen, are done in the fame manner. ; The drying of the leather is done in an oven or furnace; through two tron doors in the front of the oven, as large as the opening, the boards are put in the oven on iron rails, which are pliced on the two- length fides. The fire-place is made to. wards one fide under the oven, and the flames and {moke go under and onall fides round the oven by means of a fire- proof flue. A flow fire muft be kept during the working of the leather, not higher than fixty degrees. All boots mutt be done, formed, or fhaped, oa blecks previous to their being put intheoven, Some wool- len-ftuif mult be put between the wood and the leather, to prevent the heat from af. fecting it. pomnets ES Se MR. J. Ce. STEVENS (NEW BOND- STREET), fora Method of generating Sieai. By fome experiments Mr. S. found that the elafticity of fieam, at the temperature of bailing oil, or 600°, was equal to up- wards of forty times the preflure of the at- mofphere. Upon the application of thie principle depends this invention, which confilts in forming a boiler by means of a combination of a number of {mall vefels, inftead of. a lerge one; the relative fivength of the materials of which thefe veffels are compofed increafing in propor. tion to the diminution of capacity, Mr. C. gives the foilowirg defeription of a boiler which he reckons the bet. Suppofe a plate of brats, of one foot fquire, in which a number of holes are perforated, into each of which is fixed ore end of acoppertube, aninch in diameter, and two feet long, and the other end of the tube inferted in like manrer into a fimilar piece of brafs: the tubes io be eat in the plates. Thefe plates are to be in- cloted at each end of the pipes by a flrong : cap ad 154 cap of caft-iron or brafs, fo as to leave a {pace of an inch or two between the plates or ends of the pipes and the caft iron cap ateach end, ‘The caps at each end are to be fattened by fcrew-bolts paffing through them into the plates. The neceffary fup- ply of water is to be inje€ted, by means of Literary and Philofophical Intelligence, eS [Sept. 2, a forcing pump into the cap at one end; and through a tube inferted into the cap at the other end the {team is to be convey- ed tothe cylinder of afteam-engine. The whole is then to be encircled in brick, woik or mafonry in the ufual manner. VARIETIES, Lirzrary AND PHILOSOPHICAL, Including Notices of Works in Hand, Domeftic and Foreign. ®,.* Authentic Communications for this Article will always be thankfully received. — E recur with fatisfa€tion to our annual taik of announcing the va. rious Medical, Surgical, and Scientific LeGures delivered during the Winter-fea- fon in this Metropolis. ‘The well-known talents of the various Leciurers, their extenfive practice in this populous City, and the numerous cales always furnifhed of every difeafe by our great Hofpitals, neceflarily render London THE FIRST SCHOOL OF PRACTICAL MEDICINE IN THE WORLD. We ate happy to find that this truth begins to be properly un- derftood, and that the clafies of the va- rious Le&turers are every year greatly in- creafed in numbers, not omy in native S:udents, but in Foreigners from every Univerfity in Europe and America, fo as to » make a total number of feveral hundreds in every feafon. The Winter Courfe of Le&ures given at the adjoining Hofpitals of Sr. Tuo- “pias’s and Guy’s will commence in the following order.—At St. Thomas’s :— Anatomy and the Operations of Surgery, by Mr. Cuine and Mr. AsTLEy Cooper, on Tucfday, O&ober 1, at one o’clock. Principles and Practice of Sur- gery, by Mr. Coorer (iilaftrated by fe- le&t Cafes under his care in Guy’s Hof- pital), on Monday, Ooher 7, at eight in the evening.——At Guy’s Hoipi- tal :-—Praétice of Mcdicine, by Dr. Ba- BINGTON and Dr, Curry, Wednef- day, Ottober 2, at 10 in. the morning. Principles and PraGice of Chemiftry, by D;. Banineron and Mr. ALLEN, on Thurfday, O&ober 3, at tenin the morn- ing. Midwifery, and Difeafes of Women and Children, by Dr. HAiGHTON, on Friday, O&eber 4, at 3 in the morning. Pathology, ‘Therapeutics, ard Materia Medica, by Dr.Curry, on Friday, Oc- tober 4, at 8 in theevening. Phytiology, or Laws of the Animal Usonomy, by Dr. Haicuton, on Monday, Oétober 7, at a quarter before 7 in the evening. Experimental Philofophy, by Mr. ALLEN (Le&turer at the Royal Inflitution), on Tuefday, October 3, at half paft 6 in the afternoon. Clinical Leétures on. felect Medical Cafes, from November till May, by Dr. Bazgincron, Dr. Curry, and Dr. MarcetT. Befides thefe, a Courfe of Le&tures will be given on Veterinary Medicine, by Mr. CoLEmaN, Profeffor at the Veterinary College. And one on the Stru€ture and Difeafes of the Teeth, by Mr. Fox, Surgeon-Dentift. Thefe feveral LeGtures are fo arranged that no two of them interfere in the hours of at. tendance ; and the whole is calculated to form a complete Courfe of Medical and Chirurgical Inftruétion, Terms and other particulars may be Jearnt by applying to Mr. Srocker, apothecary to Guy’s Hofpital ; who is alfo empowered to enter gentlemen as pepilsto fuch of the Lectures as are delivered at Guy’s. ‘ The following Courfes of Leétures will be delivered at the Medical Theatre, ST, BarRTHOLOMEW’s HosPiTAL, during the enfuing winter :—On the Theory and PraGtice of Medicine, by Dr. Roserts and Dr. PowELL. Gn Anatomy and Phy- fiology, by Mr. AperNETHY. On the Theory and Praflice of Surgery, by Mr. ABERNETHY. On Comparative Anato- my aud Phyfiology, by Mr. Macarr- ney. On Cremifry,-by Dr. Epwarps, On the Materia Metica, by Dr. PowBLL. On Midwifery and the Difeafes of - Women and Children, by Dr. THYNNE. The Anatomical Demonftrations and Praétical Anatomy, by Mr. LAWRENCE. The Anatomical Le&tures will begin on — Tuelday, Oftober 1, and the other Lec- tures on the fucceeding days of the fame week. Further particulars may be feats ed by applying to Mr. Nicuorson, at the” y @ppry ng Apes 3805. ] Apothecary’s-fhop, St. Hofpital. ...Mr, Heapincton and Mr. Framp- ToN will commence their Autumnal Courfe of Le@ures at the Theatre of the Lonpon HospiraL,on Anatomy, Phyfio- logy, and the Principles and Operations of Surgery, onthe 1ft of O&tober, at two o'clock. The Anatomical Demonftra- tions and Diffetion by Mr. ARMIGER.— Dr. Dennison will lecture at the fame place onthe Theory and Praétice of Mid- wifery. _ Sr. Georce’s Hospirau.—The firft Monday in O&tober next will commence a Courfe of LeGtures on Phyfic and Che- miftry, at the Laboratory in Woi'comb- ftreet, Leicefter-fquare, at the ufual morn- ing-hours, viz. on the Therapeutics ata quarter before eight; on the Praétice of Poyfc at half after eight; and on Chemil- try, at a quarter after nine o'clock, by Georce Pearson; M.D.F.R.S. of the College of Phyficians, and Senior Phyfi- cian to St. George’s Hofpital, &c. &c, Thefe Leftures are deliyered every morn- ing, except on Saturdays, when, at nine o'clock, a Clinical Lecture is giyen, on the cafes of patients in St. Geerge’s Hol- pital. Propofals may be had at S:. Georze’s Hofpital, andat No. 14, Leicefter fquare. The eftablithed plan for the inftruction of Medical ftudents at the WesTMin- STER HosPiTat will. be continued for the enfuing feafon. Dr. Pearson’s Leftures will 2lfo be continued as ufual, at his. Theatre in Leicefter-(quare. The Autumnal Courfe of Leétures on the Inflitutions and Praftice of Medicine, Chemifiry, &c. by CuarnLes Bapuam, M.D. of the Royal College of Phyficians, Bartholomew’s _ London, and Phylician to the Weftmintter General Difpenfary, will be commenced on the 15th of Oétober, at eight o'clock, and wiil be continued at the ufual hours, For particulars apply to Dr. Badham, at hishoufe in Clifford-ttreet. Dr. Barty, Member of the Royal ~ College of Phyficians, Phyfician to the Britifh Lying-in Hofpital, &c. &c. will commence his ufual Courfe of Leétures on the Theory and Praétice of Midwifery, and on the Difeafes of Women and Chil- dren, on Monday, Oftober 7, at his houfe in Great Marlborough ftreet. Mr. Biair’s Leétures on the Natural _ Hiltory of Man (for the information of {cientific and profeffional gentlemen, ama- teurs of natural-hiflory, ftudents in the liberal and fine-arts, &c.) will recom- mence on the 28th of Japuary, at the Literary and Philofophical Intelligence. 155 Bhomfbury Difpenfary, Great Ruffel- ftreet ; to be consinued every fucceeding Tuefday and Friday evening, at eight o’clock precifely, until the termination of the Courfe, which wil] confit of about twenty Leciures. The Avtumpal Courfe of Le&tures on Anatomy, Phyfiology, and Surgery, will commence at the Theatre of Anatomy, Blenheim-ftreet, Great Marlborough. ftreet, on Tuefday, OStober 11, at two o’clock in the afternoon, by Mr. Brook Es, Tn thefe Lectures the Stru€ture of the Hu man Bady will be demoniirated on recent fubjeéts, and further ijluf#rated by Prepa- rations, and the Fun&tices of the diffe- rent Organs will be explained. The Sur- gical Operations are performed, and eve y part of Surgery fo elucidated, as may belt tend to complete the Operating Surgeon. The Art of I:jeéting, and of making Anatomical Preparations, will be taught pra@tically. Gentlemen zealous in the purfuitof Zoology will meet with uncom- mon opportunities of profecuting their refearches in Comparative Aratomy.— Surgeons in the Army and Navy may be afifed in renewing their Anatomical Knowledge, and every poflible atterpion will be paid to their accommodation as well as inftruétion. Anatcmical Conver- zationes will be held weekly, when the different fubje&ts treated of will be difcuff- ed familiarly, and the Students” views for- warded. To thefe none but pupils can be admitted. Spocious apartments, tho- roughly ventilated, and replete with every convenience, will be open in the morning, for the purpofes of Difedting and Inject- ing, where Mr. Brockes attends to direé&t the Students, and demoniirate the various parts as they appear on digestion. An exienfive Mufeum, containing prepara- tions illuftrative of every part of the hu- man body, and its dilea‘es, appertains to the Theatre, to which Students will have occafional admittance. Gentlemen in- clined to fupport this ‘School by contri- buting preternarural or morbid parts, fub- jeéts in natural hiftory, 8c. (individually of little value to the poffeflors), may have the pleafure of feeing them preferved, ar- ranged, andregittered, with the names of the donors, The inconveniences ulually attending Anatomical Iovetigations are counteragéted by an antileptic proce(s, the refult of experiments made by dar, Drool is on human fubjetis at Paris. in the year 1782 ; the account of which was delivercd to the Royal Scciety, and read on the 17th of June, 1784. This method has fince been fo far improved, that the florid co- U2 Jour 155 Jour of the mufcles is preferved, and even heightered. Pupils may be accommo- dated in the houfe. Gentlemen eftahlith- ed in pra&tice, defirous of renewing their anatomical knowledge, may be accommo- - dated with an apartment to diff. in pri- vately. - Mr. Carpue will commence his Ana- tomical Lectures on Monday the 30th of Sestember, 1305. The diffecting-rogm will be open from eight o’clock in the roorning till five in the evening. Three Courfes are given every year. Further particulars may be known by applying to Mr. Carpue, at his houfe No. ¢0, Dean- ftreet, Soho. Mr. CHEvAtrerR, Surgeon Extraordi- nary to the Prince of Wales, and Sur- geoa to the Weltminfter General Difcen- fary, will begin his Winter Courf of Lec- tures on the Principles and Operations of Surgery on Monday the 7th of Odtoher, at feven o’clock in the evening, et his houfe in South Audley-freet, Grofvenor- fquare, where printed particulars may be had. Dr. Crarke will begin his ufual Courfe of Le&tures on the Theory and Prafice of Midwifery, and the Difeafes of Women and Childrin, on Friday the 4th of O&ober, at the Le&ure-room, No. ro, Upper John-ftreet, Golden-fquare.— For the convenience of gentlemen attend- ing the different hofpitals, thefe Lectures will be given: from a quarter paft ten toa quarter paft eleven in the morning. Par- ticulars may be known by applying to Dr. Clarke, Burlington-ftreet, or to Mr. Clarke, at the LeS&ture rcom. Mr. Mirsurne’s Phyfiological Lec- tures, illuftrated by Anatomical Prepara- tions, Cafts, Drawings, &c. &c. will re- _commence the firft Monday evening in Oober, to be continued every fucceed- ing Monday evening, at eight o'clock pre- cifely. Dr. Resp, of the Finfbury Difpen- fary, will commence his next Winter Courfe of Lectures on the Theory and Pra@ice of Medicine ia the fecond week of O&cher. They will be delivered in a part of the city that may be convenient for pupils attending the hofpitals. Fur- ther particulars may be learnt at Dr. Reid’s houfe, Grenville-ftreet, Brunfwick~ {guare Mr. JoHN Taunton, Member of the Royal College of Surgeons in London, Surgeon to the City Dilpenfary, &c. will commence his frft Winter Courfe of Lec- tures on Anatomy, Phyfiology, Patholo- gy, and Surgery, in October next, at the Literary and Philofophical Intelligence. [Sept. T, Theatre of Anatomy. An ample field for profeffional inftruétion will be afforded by the privilege which the pupils may en- joy, by attending the clinical praétice of both the City and Firfbury Difpenfaries. Leéctures will be delivered on the Theory and Praétice of Medicine, by Dr. Rep ; and on Midwifery, including the Difeafis | of Wemen and Children, by Dr. Squire. Further particulars may be known on ap- plication to Mr. Taunton, No..10, Pater- nofter-row, Cheapfide. Atthe Theatre of Anatomy in Great Windmill-ftreet, Mr. WiLson’s Le@ures on Anatomy, Phyfiology, Pathology, and Surgery, will begin on Tuefday, O&tober 1. Two Conrfes cf Le&ures are read during the Winter and Spring Seafons.— In the firit Courfe is explained the Struc- ture of every part of fhe Human Body, fo as to exhibita complete view of its Ana. tomy, as far as it has been hitherto in- veftizated 5 to which are added, its Phy. fiology and Pathology. In the fecond Courfe, the Structure of the Human Body is again explained ; after which follow Leétures on the Operations of Surgery 5 and the Courfe conclndes with the Ana- tomy of the Gravid Uterus. A Leéture is given daily from two till four o’clock, Practical Anatomy in the mornings as ufual.—A plan and terms of the Courfe may be had at the Theatre. A new Society has been lately inftitnted under the title of the Medical and Chirur- gical Scciety of London; the leading objects of which are, to promote a {pirit of harrnony among the members of the profeffion, and to ferve as a centre for the communication of papers, which from time to time will be given to the public. The following names of the Officers and Council will juitify the higheft expeéta- tions of the advantages to {science which are lhkely to refult from this inftitution :—. Prefident, Wm. Saunders, M D. F.R S.3 John Abernethy, Efq. F.R.S. Vice-Pre- fident; Charles Rochemont Aikin, Efq. Secretary ; William Babington, M D, F.R.S. Vice-Prefisent ; Matthew Baillie, M.D. F.R.S.; Thomas Bateman, M.D. F.L.S ; Gilbert Blane, M.D. F.R.S.:; Sir Wm. Blizard, F.R.S. Vice-Prefident; John Cocke, M.D.F.A.S. Vice-Prefident ; Afiley Cooper, Efg. F.R.S. Treafurer; James Curry, M.D. F.A.S.; Sir Walter Farquhar, Bart. M.D.; Thompfon Forter, Efq. ; Algernon Frampton, M.D, John Heavifide, Efq. F.R.S. ; Alexan- der Marcet, M.D. Foreign Secretary 3 David Pitcairne, M.D. F.R.S. ; Henry . H. Leigh Revell Reynolds, M.D. F.R.S. ; Thomas, “fe Thomas, Efq.; James Wilfon, Efq. F.R.S.; John Yelloly, M.D. Secretary. This Society will commence its meetings in the month of OStober next, at its apartments in Verulam Buildings, Gray's Inn, where communications and donations of books’are requetted to be fent, dire€ted to the Secretaries. Dr. James PLaYFalr, Principal of the United College of St. An:irew’s, has cir- culated Propoia!s for publifhing by Sub- fcriptiona Complete Syfem of Geogra- phy, Ancient and Modern, in fix volumes quarto. The whole of the work being ready for the prefs, the firft volume will be publifhed as foon as a competent num- ber of fubferibers is obtained, and the _ fubfequent volumes will appear without any unneceflary delay. Each volume is to contain between fever and eight hun- dred pages, and will be accompanied by eight or ten ancient and modern maps, ele- gantly engraved by the moft eminent ar- tifts in Britain, and deGignéd to form a feparate atlas. We underftand the Pro- feffor has been nearly thirty years,engaged in perfe&ting this great defign. Mr. Evanson has nearly ready for publication a Letter addreffed to the Lord Bishop of Gloucefter, upon the fubject of his Lordfhip’s publication on tie Trinity. The fame gentleman is jult going to prefs with a fecond edition of the Diffo- nance of the Four Gofpels, which will be enlarged, and have the addition of many valuable notes. The firft Number of a new work is in the prefs, under the title of the Academi- cal Magazine, written by a member of the Univerfity of Oxford. This Magazine is intended to contain diftin& treatifes for the ufe of fchools upon various branches of literature, particularly upon arithme- tie, Englith grammar, geography, hifto- fy, mathematics, Latin, and Greek. Mr. PatmER, of Hackney, who has a Jarge collection of the late Mr. Job Or ton’s Letters, in his original fhort hand, is preparing a felect number of them for the re{s; under the title of Letters to Diffent- the Minifters and Students for the Minif- try, which willbe printed in a manner uni- form with his Letters to a Young Cler- gyman, publifhed by Mr. Stedman. A very valuable addition will be made to the eollestion by a feries of Letters written to the late Mr. Clark, of Birmingham, from the year 1752 to 1762, which have been communicated by a friend into whole hands they fell upon Mr. Clark's deceafe. Memoirs of Mr, Orton will be pr-fixed by Mr, Palmer. - Literary and Philofophical Intelligence. 157 Mr. Crarg, of Ifleworth, has in the prefs a work, the intent of which is to des monftrate, from the conftitution and re- produétion of the animal creation, the im- poflibility that beings fo conftituted could have had their exiftesce in virtue of undi~ re&ted energies ; that they muft have been the effect of a fovereign intelligence. He intends it as a Supplement to Paley’s Evi- dences of Natural Religion. Mr. Exmgs, the architect, is engaged upona poem, in blank verfe, on the Pro. grefs of Architeéture, confifting of three Books, viz. Egypt, Greece, and Rome ; wherein he traces its progrefs through tho'e three grand dynafties of art and cla{- fical archi'e@ture 5 and illuftrates his poem with copicus notes, analogous epifodes, and hitorical anecdotes. Iwo of them (Egypt and Greece) are finithed, and the entire work will be publifhed early in the eniuing winter. Dr. VaLPy’s New Greek Grammar, written on the plan of his Latin Gram- mar, has been fome time at prefs, and will be fhortly publifhed. Mr. Jonas, author of the New Abridg- mentot Excife Laws, &c. intends thortly to publifh a new and compjete Work on Gauging. Mr. G.J.Wruicur is preparing for the prefs an Alphabetical Arrangement of the Faéts contained in the ‘* Annales de Chi- mie,’ from its Commencement to the pre- fent Time. A volume comprifing an Analyfis of the firft twenty of the original is in confiderable forwardnefs ; and from the acknowledged rank of the work in every country where the fciences experi- ence the foftering cultivation of enlighten~ ed minds, it is to be prefumed that Mr. Wright’s work will prove a fource of in- formation to the lover’s of {cience in ge- neral, and to the philofophical chemift in particular. Should his labours meet with due encouragement, Mr. W. propofes to extend the-like plan to the “ Journal de Phyfique,”’ and other periodical publica- tions of eminence on the Continent, that the Englifo reader may, in one view, be prefented with the labours of foreign phi- lofophers. Dr. KinGvake is preparing for pub- lication an extenfive variety of additional cafes, in farther proot of the faiuary elicacy of the refrigerant treatment of out. . The late Rev. RopertT Rosinson’s Mifcellaneous Works, in tour volumes oftavo, including Memoirs of tie Author, and a complete Index, will be ready for publication early in November. . The 158 The Rev. EpmMuNp Butcuer, au- thor of a volume of excellent Sermons, has in the prefs a fecond volume of Dif courfes on Praétical SubjeSts. The fame gentleman will thortly publith an Account of a Tour made by him from Sidmouth to the North of England. The Unitavien Society, inftituted in this city about fifteen years fince, for the purpofe of promoting Chriftian Know- fedge and the Praétice of Virtte, have lately reprinted feveral very fcarce and va- Juable works, among which are the late Mr. Hugh Farmer's ‘Diflertation on Miracles; his Effay on the Demoniacs anentioned in the New Teftament ; and his Diflertation on Chrift’s-Temptation in the Wildernefs; alfo the Rev. Theophi- lus Lindfey’s Converfations on the Di- vine Government and on Chriftian Idcla- try, and his Farewel Difcourfe to the In- habitants of Catterick, in Yorkfhire. Mr. HotcrortT, in the courfe of the prefent month, will prefent the public with a novel, the obje&t of which is to fhew the evil effects of gaming. The Rev. Henry Boyn, tranflator of Dante, has nearly ready for publication the Wocdman’s Tales, and other Foems. He has alfo made confiderable progrefs in ‘a Tranflation of the Select Tragedies of Alfiero. Mr.. Apams, the riding-mafter, is about to publifh anew work on Horfe- manfhip, in three volumes oétavo. Mr. Puayrair will fhortly publith a new edition of Dr. Adam Smith’s Wealth of Nations, with Notes and Supplemen- tary Chapters. Mr. SaLMON, author of Stemmata Latinitatis, propofes to publith Inveftiga- tions on the Origin of French Particles, fimilar in plan tothe Diverfions of Purley. We hear that the Tranflator of the Bafia of Joannes Dellivs, furnamed the Hermit, who not long fince publifhed fome fpecimens of the work in a very re- {pe&table periodical Mifcellany,* intends to fend tothe prefs a contiderably enlarged and improved edition of the Bafia, in one volume, elegantly printed. ‘The number of the {pecimens alicady publifhed by the Tranflator amount only toa dozen Kifles ; fince which he has had the good fertune to meet with the third and lalt edition of the Baha of our Hermit-poet, which contains upwards of forty Kifles, accompanied with a Preface, and fome particulars re- lative to the author. * See the European Magazine from Fe- bruary to May 1802 inclufive. Literary and Philfiphical Intelligence. [Sept 1, The Bifhop of St. AsaPu is about to publith a work on VWirgil’s two Seafons of Honey, and his Seafon of Sowing Woeat, with a new Method of Invefti- gating the Rifings and Settings of the Fixed Stars. An experienced waol-fapler will fhortly pudlifh a Treatife on the Effential Quali- tics of Wool, and the Objects to be at- tended to by the Grower for the Improve- meat of the Britifh Fleece. A. Series of Aphorifins, tranflated from the Arabic, with a Commentary and Notes by the Tranflator, is in the prefs. Mr. James Brices will fhortly ley befure the public Pra&tical Obfervations oa the principal Dilea‘es of the Eyes, iliuf- trated by Cafes, tranflated from the Ita- lion of Antonio Scarpa. Mr. Donovan is printing an Epitome of the Natural Hiftory of the Infects of New Holland, New Zealand, New Gui- rea, Otaheite, and other Iflands in the Indian, Southern, and Pacific Oceans ; including the Figures and Defcriptions of one hundred and fifty-two Species of the mot fplendid, beautiful, and interefing Infeéts hitherto difcovered in thofe Coun- tries. Mr. P. Homer has circulated a Letter on the fubjeét of fome editions of the La- tin Claffics that were publifhed by his late brother Henry, Fellow of Emanuel Col- lege, Cambridge. In his life-time he had edited feveral, and at his deceafe he left feveral others unfinifhed. The moft ex- penfive and voluminous of thefe were an edition of Livy in eight volumes, large oftavo, and one of Tacitus in four. His brother had printed off a fmall portion of the text of Livy, and the whole of that of that of Tacitus, and had juft begun a new Index to the latter, when he died of a de- cline, which was certainly haftened, if not occalioned, by too clofe an attention to his literary purfuits. Bis facher, who fur. vived him but a few weeks, continued the works, which were then in the prefs, as long as he lived; and at his deceafe, his brother Dr. Homer, bimfelf,. and. fome others of the family, completed the edi- tions that were left unfinifhed. ‘* They have (lays Mr. Homer) now been publith- ed for more than twelve years, and the fale of them has been fo unequal to our ex- peétations, that we have hitherto loft by them more than three thoufand pounds.— From refpect to his memory, and from the natural with to prevent the total lofs of what he had already done, we were in- duced to finith the plan which he had laid out ; and with great fatigue to ourlelves 2 we a 1805.] ' we compofed a thick oftavo volume of In- dex to the Works of Tacitus, and com- pleted an edition of Livy, which he had but juft begun.”” The works which re- main unfold are :—Livy, 8 vols. large 8vo. 4l.4s.; Tacitus, 4 vols. |. p. 21. 28.5 Ditto, f. p. 11. 8s. ; Traétatus varii La- tini, 5s. ; Perfius, with Notes, 3s. 6d. ; Livii tres Libri, with Notes, from Dra- kenberch’s edition, for the ufe of colleges ‘and (chools, 7s. ; Bellendenus, with Dr. Parr’s Preface, 8s. ; Dr. Parr’s Preface, Without plates, 3s. ; Ovidii Epiftole, 1. p. 4s. Gd. ; Ditto, f. p. 2s. 6d. 3; Tacitus, de Oratore, 25.3; Ditto, l.p. 4s.—- The family have appointed Mr. W. H. Lunn, of the Claffical Library, Soho-fguare, their fole agent for the purpofe of difpoi- ing of the woiks at the prices annexed. The projeéted alterations for the benefit of the Bodleian Library, mentioned in a former Number, we are forry to fay, were negatived in convocation ; but they are intended fhortly to be brought forward again in a correéted form. Mr. J. SroparT, whofe invention for gilding polithed fieel with gold we defcrib- ed in our laft Number,* informs us, that a fimilar procefs may be performed with platina. That metal, ina ftate of folu- tion, is taken up from the acid by agita- tion with ether, in the way that gold is, though certainly with lefs avidity. The ethereal folution of platina afforded by this procefs is depofited on the furface of po- lifhed iron, or fteel, forming a coat of de- fence from ruft. Mefirs. Hopson and SyLVvESTER, of Sheffield, have difcovered that zinc is in fasta malleable metal. Ata temperature between 210° and 300° of Fahrenheit, zinc yields to the hammer, and may be wire-drawn by keeping it at this tempe- rature during the mechanical operation.— An oven, or a hollow metallic veffel, ‘kept at a due heat, may be ufed for the pieces of zinc, in the fame manner as the {mith’s forge is ufed for iron and feel. Zinc, after having been thus annealed and wrought, continues feft, flexible, and ex- tenfible, and does not return to its former p2rtial brittlenefs, but may be bended and applied to the ufes for which zinc has hi- therto been thought unfit, fuch as the fa- emma of veflels, the theathing of fhips, c. Pte We formerly announced the invention a marine-(pencer, to be worn in cafes of danger atiea. The inventor, Mr. Spen- ~~~ --- —---—- SO * Sce p. 59 of this vol, Literary and Philofephical Intelligence. 139 cer, of Bow, having made’ tonfiderable improvements in it, we think it proper to mention its conftruction, and the ufes to which it may be applied. The fencer is a girdle of canvas, 4 feet 6 inches long, and 18 inches broad, well fuffed with - cork-fhavings; this is faftened loofely about the body with ftraps and buckles, and, to prevent its flipping too low, two ftrong tapes are brought over the fhoul- ders, which faften alfo with buckles. The ‘firft cok of this apparatus will not exceed five fhillings ; and from many experiments made at fea it will effectually preferve any perfon from drowning. In cafes of perfons falling overboard, any one unac- guainted with f{wimming, if furnithed with a marine-(pencer, might fately leap after them, and keep them from finking, until a boat could be launched. A cor- ner of a feaman’s locker, fays the inven. tor, could not be better employed than in containing one of thefe fpencers. It would be a defirable appendage to the life- boat, in cafes where the whole crew could not be taken in at once ; and any number of perfons furnifhed with thefe might be floated athore, attached to the boat with {mall cords. A Committee of the Medical Council of the Royal Jennerian Society have been appointed to inquire into the nature and evidence of thofe cafes of {mail pox which are faid to have taken place fub/e- quently to cow-pox, and which have ex. cited prejudices ‘againtt vaccine-inocula- tion. Ic is well known that melons frequently, in certain fituations, lofe their circular form, and grow larger on one fide than the other, and that thete mifhapen fruirs are always bad. To remedy th’s, take a fmall forked ftick, in propertion to the — fize of the melon, and thrutt it into the ground as nearly as poflible to the tail of the frnit, taking the precaution to lay a little mofs between the two prongs, and fulpend the melon to this fork. Ina few days the melon will refume its form, when the fork may be removed, and the opera. tion is finifhed. The quality of the fruit remains unchanged. * A fulphureous fering, of great (trength and medical powers, was lately difcover- © ed near Darlington, in the county of Dur- ham, upon Mr. Lampron’s eftate.— Baths have been erected upon the fpot, which are reforted to with great eager nefs. An Analyfis of this water, with its Hiftory and Medical Effects, will thoruy be publithed, A machine 160 A machine has lately been invented by Mr. Tuompsony one of the Peebiethire volunteers, for cleaning gravel-walks.— Tt turns, rakes, and roils, the gravel by the fame operation. A {mall poney will do as much of the work in one hour as could be performed by a dozen men in a day. Mr. James Hamitron, formerly an eminent bovkfeller of London, is about ~to commence an Englifh Periodical Work at Hamburg, and to open an eftablifhment by means of which Englih literature may obtain readier acce!s to the Continent. — At prefent few Englith books are circu- fated abroad except through the expenfive medium of the polt-office. GarNeRIN, in his thirty-fifth afcent from Mofcow, faw, for the firft time, an image of his balloon formed is the clouds in very bright prifmatic colours, When at the height of 12,000 feet he Galvanized himfelf, and obferved flathes of light. Dr. Ropert Burton, of Bent, in the ftate of Virginia, ‘has fucceeded in curing the hydrophobia by copious bleed- ing and the ufe of mercury. A cal@ of the yellow-fever has been re- cently cured in Jamaica by {weating in the Ream of hot fugar. The lad upon whom this experimeat was made was placed clofe to the fteams of the coppers, which had an inftantaneous and happy ef- fe&t. The pulfe fell from 100 to 7o in a few minutes ; the {weat poured off in ftreams ; his heal was immediately re- lieved ; and he did not complain of being too hot, notwithftanding a’ breath of ‘air - could not enter the room, and he was fur- rounded with the fteam of fugar from all the coppers. The proce{S was repeated the next day, after which the patient put on his cloaths, came down ftairs, {aid he was quite well, and eagerly called for food. M. Paccuiant, of Pifa, has difco- vered that the radical of muriatic-acid is hydrogen. By taking from water, by means of the Galvanic pile, ‘a portion of its.oxygen, he aflerts, that the water was converted into oxymuriatic-acid, and that confequently muriatic-acid is hydregen at its minimum of oxidation; the oxymutri- atic-acid, hydrogen in the middle ftate; ‘and water, liydrogen at its maximum of oxidation. A full account of this fubject -will be found in our next Number. M. Giesecks, a Pruffian mineralogift, has been for fome time at Copenhagen. It is thought that the Government is abcut Literary and Philocphical Intelligence. [Sept. lg to (end him to Greenland upon mineralos gical inquiries. M. Herman, profeffor of natural hif= tory at Dorpat, is about to make a fecond tour through a part of Rufian Finland, in company witha capital draughtfman.— On his return itis expected that he will publifh an Account of both his Tours. The hound’s-tongue (cynogloffum offict- nale of Linnzus) has been tound by M. Bereux to poflets a valuable quality. If gathered at the period whea the fap is in its tuil vigour, bruifed with a hammer, and laid in a houfe, barn, granary, or other place frequented with rats and mice, ‘thefe deftructive animals immediately thift their quarters. The National Inftitute has elected M. Burckuarpr to fill the feat in the Sec- tion of Aftronomy, vacant by the death of M. Mechain. They haver alfo ap- pointed M. MILuin keeper of the Cabi- wet of Antiques, in the room of M.Ca- mus, deceafed. M.SacuermTi, Secretary of the Italian Academy, aod M. TarGioni, have un- dertakena literary magazine at Florence. M. LaquialneE has made feveral im- provements in the camera obfcura. By means of an inclined mirror, bodies are magnified to fuch a degree, that a minia- ture-picture acquires the dimenficns of the homan figure. Another contrivance places objeéis which appear reverfed in their natural pofition. In fhort, a folar microfcope adapted to the upper part of the camera renders it capable of being em- ployed in the open air. M. Poutveau has invented a mufical- inftrument, which he calls the orcheftrino, which profefies to unite the brilliance and expreflion of the harpfichord and piano- forte with the foftnefs of the human voice. There are at prefent in Paris 455 book- fellers, 340 printers, 138 bookbinders, 41 ftitchers, 327 engravers, 85 copper-plate printers, 49 printlellers, and 71 old-book- fhops; 240 fellers of lemonade, 200, keepers of cookfhops, 630 wine merchants, 146 perfumers, 154 lottery-office-keepers, &e. A recent cenfus of the United States of North. America makes their population amount to about $,000,000 ; merchant- fhipping, above 100,000 tons ; the value of their yearly exports above 70,000,000 of dollars; and. their public revenue 15,000,000 of dollars, = LIST and 975 actors, aétreffes, fingers, dancers, \ ™ a ov © 2805.] ( 161 ) NEW PUBLICATIONS IN AUGUST. ae As the List of New Publications, contained in the Monthly Magazine, is the ONLY COMPLETE LIST’ PUBLISHED, and confequently the only one that can be ufeful to the Public for purpofes of general reference ; it is requested, that Authors and Puédlifbers cwill continue to communicate Notices of their Works (p08 paid), and they will always be faithfully inferted FREE of EXPE NCE, 2 AGRICULTURE. GEORGICAL Effays, vol 5, 6; by Dr. Hunter, of York; 8vo, 11. 1s. boards. The Complete Grazier; or Farmer and Cattle Dealer’s Affiftant; by a Lincolnfhire Grazier 5 8vo. 10s. 6d. boards. ANTIQUITIES. Views of Reading Abbey, with thofe of the Churches originally conneéted with it, in the County of Berks ; together with fome Monuments of antiquities, remaining in thofe Churches, containing thirty-three Engrav- Ings, with defcriptions; gto. 21. 2s. BIOGRAPHY. Memoirs of Maria Antoinetta, Archduchefs of Auftria, Queen of France and Navarre, including feveral important Periods of the French Revolution, from its Qrigin to the 16th of October, 1793, the Day of her Ma- jefty’s barbarous Execution; by Jofeph Weber, fofter Brother of the unfortunate Queen; tranflated from the French, by R. C. Dallas, Efq. vol. 1. royal 8vo. Memoirs of Charles Lee Lewes, containing Anecdotes, Hiftorical and Biographical, of the Englith, Scottifh, and frifh Stages, du- ring a period of Forty Years; 4 vols. 16s. boards. The Life of the late John Elwes, efq. cor- reéted and enlarged with an Appendix entirely new ; by Edward Topham, Efq. with a Head of the Author, andof Mr. Elwes; 4s. 6d. boards. COMMERCE. Annals of Commerce, Manufa&tures, Fitheries, and Navigation, with brief Notices of the Arts and Sciences connected with them; by David Macpherfon; 4 vols. 4to. 31. 8s. boards. European Commerce, or new and fecure Channels of Trade with the Continent of Eu- Tope, particularly with Ruffia, Pruffia, Sweden, Denmark and Germany, including alfothe Trade of the Rivers Elbe, Wefer, and Ems; by J. Jepfon Oddy; 4to. 21. 12s, $d boards. DIVINITY. A Sermon on the Duty of the Relations of thofe who are in dangerous Illnefs, and the Hazard of hafty Interments ; preached at Lancafter, July 17, 1805. Praétical Effays on Sele Parts of the Li- turgy of the Church of England; by the Rey, T. Biddulph, A. M. 5 vols. 12m9 al, 83, boards. Mow tury Mag, No. 13; The Ciergyman’s Affiftant in the Difcharge of Parochial Duties, efpecially thofe of a Pri- vate Nature ; by the Rev. J. Robinfon, M. A. 8vo, 5s. boards. Occafional Difcourfes on various Subje&s, with copious Annotations; by Richard Munkhoufe, D.D. 3 vols. 8vo. 11. 4s bds. The Doétrine of the Bible ; briefly gather- ed through the whole Courfe of the Scrip- ture, by Queftion and Anfwer ; edited by Jas. Trevena Coulton; vo. 6s. 6d. boards. A Charge delivered to the Clergy of the Diocefe of Oxford; by the Bithop of that Diocefe, in 1305. 1s. A Sermon preached at the Vifitation of the Archdeacon of Northampton, at Oundle, May 27, 1805 ; by the Rev. Sam. Heyricky M. A. Reétor of Brampton. 1s. Remarks on the Duties of the Clerical Proe feffion, with refpe& to the Cultivation of Learning ; in a Charge delivered at St. Al- ban’s, June ro, 18055 by J. Holden Port, A. M. Preb. of Lincoln, and Archdeacon of St. Albans. 2s. Sermons fur les Points les plus Importans de la Doétrine Evangelique, par Rev. E, Gi- bert de Guernefey ; 2 vols. 8vo. 12s. Five Sermons, viz. 1. On Redemption. 2. Incorreé&t Views of Salvation exploded. 3. On Salvation by Grace through Faiths 4. On True Religion. 5. The True Chrif- tian’s Confli&t and Triumph; by the Rev. William Pryce. 3s. The Old Teftament [lluftrated, being Ex= _ plications of Remarkable Fa€ts and Paflages in the Jewith Scriptures, which have been objected to by Unbelievers, in a Series of Lectures to Young Perfons; by Samwel Parker, J2mo. 6s, A Second Warning to Chriftian Profeffors, occafioned by fome Paffages in the Firft, cone taining Injurious Reflections on Proteftant Diffenters; in Five Letters to the Rev. Rowland Hill, A.M. 1s. “ Sermons On Praétical Subjeéts, for the Ufe of Families, with a Prayer added to each Sere mon, and Referrences to Leffons, Pfalms and Hymns, by the Rev. S. Girle, of Newcaftle- upon-Tyne ; printed for the Author, by S, Hodgfon, and to be had of him at Weft Auckland; alfo of T. Conder, Bucklerf- bury; J. Simco, Warwick-ftreet, Golden- fquare, London 3 price 6s, DRAMA, A complete Verkal Jadex to the Plays of x y Shakes 162 Shakefpeare ; by Francis Twifs, Efq. 2 vols, Svo. 31. 38. boards. John Bull, or the Englifhman’s Firefide ; a Comey ; by G. Colman, junior. 2s. 6d. The Englifh Drama, or a Colleétion of Plays, with Critical and Biographical Effays 5 2 vols. crown $vo. 10s. 6d; royal vo. 18s. boards, EDUCATION. Vifits to the Juvenile Library ; or, Know- ledge proved to be the Source of Happinefs ; by E F. Author of the Life of Carlo. 18mo. 1s. 6d. half bound. The Life and Adventures of Robinfon Crufoe ; Originally written by Daniel, Defoe; Revifed for the Ufe of young Perfons, and Illuftrated with Sixteen Copper plates ; from Defigns by Corbould, royal 18mo. 4s. 6d. half-bound. An Introduétion to Geography and Aftro- nomy, by the Globes and Maps, by E. and J. Bruce. r2mo. 5s. boards, Domeftic Recreation, or Dialogues Illuf- trative of Natural and Scientific Subjedts ; by Prifcilla Wakefield. 2s. 62. half-bound. Rural Scenes, or a Peep into the Country ; in Profe and Verfe, with many Plates. 2s. 6d. half- bound. Original Poems, for Infant Minds; vol. 2. 1s, 64, half-bound. Commercial Arithmetic, with an Appen- dix on Algebraical Equations ; by Chr. Du- boit, r2mo. 6s. boards. FINE ARTS, The Works of the late Edward Days, cone taining an Excurfion thro” the Principal Parts of Derbyfhire and Yorkshire ; alfo, Eflays on Painting, Drawing, &c. of Landfcapes; with Notices of Modern Artifts; 14s. and fine p. ul. Is, The Art of Drawing in Perfpeétive, from Mathematical Principles; thewing how to give every Objeét its true Place in the Figure in every Part of a Landfeape the Proportion in Size and Diftance from one another ; 8vo. gs. boards. with a qto. vol. of fifty Plates, feparately. GARDENING. A Short Treatife on feveral Improvements recently made in Hothoufes, by which from four Fifths to nine Tenths of the Fuel, com- monly ufed will be faved; by J, Loudon $ 3vo. with Plates. 12s. boards. Pomona Britannica, or Correét Delinea- tions of Britith Fruits; finely Coloured from Nature; by Brookshaw; price, 11. 6s, The Gardener’s and Botanift’s Diétionary ; by the late Philip Miller; with large Addi- tions; .by Thomas Martyn, B. D.F.R.S. Part 20, folio, 10s. 6d, fewed, HISTORY. Hiftorical Fragmerits of the Mogul Em- pire; of the Morattoes, and of ithe Englith @oncerns in India, from the Year 1659 ; Osigin of the Englith Eftablifhmenr, and of the Company’s Trade at Broach and Surat, and a General Icea of the Government and People of indo‘tan ; by Robert Orme, Efq. FLA. S. qto. 11. 85, Lift of New Publications. (Sept. 15 ‘ Hiftorical Relation of the Plugue at Mas- feilles, in 1726; by. Anne Plimptre. 8vo% 7s. 6d. boards. An Hiftorical Account of the Black Em- pire of Hayti; comprehending a Viewof the Principal Tranfaétions of the Revolution of St. Domingo, with its Ancient and Modern State; with fourteen Plates; by Marcus Rainsford, Efg, late Captain in the qd W. [. Regiment. 4to. 21. 2s. boards. 4 A Synchronical Chart of Ancient Hiftory ; exhibiting in a fingle and compact Point of View, the Succeffions of the feveral Mo- narchs, who ruled the various Kingdoms of the Ancient World ; and the Changes of the Greek and Roman States, which took place from the Revival of the Olympiads to the Birth of our Saviour; arranged Chronologi- cally, and diftinguifhed by Colours. ros. 6d. LAW, The Law of Charitable Ufes, as laid down and Digelted, by G. Duke, Efq. together with the Learned Readings of Sir F. Moore 5 to which is‘added the Law of Mortmain, as eftablifhed by the Statute of 9 Geo. ii. cap. 86, the whote continued to the Prefent Time; by R. W. Bridgman, Efq. 198. MEDICINE. A Treatife on the Procefs employed by Nature in Supprefling the Hemorrhage from divided and punétured Arteries, and on the, Ute of the Ligature, concluding with Obfer- vations on Secondary Haemoritiie by J. F. D. Jones, M. D. 8vo. with fifteen Plates. 10s, 6d, boards. An Enquiry into the Nature and Aétion of Cancer, with a View to the Eftablifhment of a regular Mode of Cure, by Natural Separa~ tion ; by Samuel Young, Efq. Member of the Royal College of Surgeons, London 5 Poft 8vo. 4s. 6s. boards. Remarks on Sea Water, with Obfervations on its Application and Effects, internally and externally, as conducive to Health 5 by Cha. Taylor, M.D. Secretary to the Society for the Encouragement of Arts, &c. Svo. 2s. 6d. MISCELLANEOUS. Obfervations on the Prefent State of the Highlands of Scotland, with a View of the Caufes and probable Confequences of Emigra- tion; by the Earl of Selkirk. 6s. A World without Souls, 12mo. 2s, 6d. fewed. or Mental Recreations ; Four Danifh and Ger- man Tales; by a Native of Denmark; {mall Svo. 4s, boards. ad ag > : The Morality of Fiétion; or, an Inguiry into the Tendency of Fictitious Narratives, with Obfervations on fome of the molt emi- nent; by-H. Murray. r2mo. 4s. boards, Typographical Marks ufed in Correcting Proofs, Explained and Exemplified, for the Ufe of Authors ; by C. Stower 8vo. Is. Confiderations for and againita South Ame= rican Expedition. 25. i Lyra Evangelica; or an Effay on the Ufe of Infrumental Mufic in Chriftian Worflp 5 including Critical Remarks gn Authors Mi av a 7 805,} : have written in Vindication of the Pradtice ; Hiftorical Anecdotes of Church: Mufic, and ‘Thoughts on Orations ; by Jofeph Jefterfon. 8vo. 1s. 6d. Naufragia, or Hiftorical Memoirs of Ship- wrecks, and the Providential Deliverance of Veffels; by Jas. Stanier Clarke, F.A.S, I2mo. 6s. 6d. boards. Serious Thought on the Birth of a Child ; ‘by the Rev. Thomas Porter ; with Altera- tions and Additions by his Son W, J. Porter, Efq. 18mo. price 1s. Scientific Dialogues, vol. v and vi, p. 5, con- taining Complete Introdu€tions to the Science of Optics, Magneti{m, Eletricity and Gal- vanifn. MINERALOGY. A Syftem of Mineralogy, comprehending Ory&tognofy, Geognofy, Mineralogical Che- miftry, Mineralogical Geography, and Eco- nomical Mineralogy; ‘by Robert Jamefon. yol. 2. 8vo. r2s. boards. NATURAL HISTORY. A Complete Sy{tem of Natural Hiftory ; compiled from the Syftema Nature of Lin- neus, the Simia of Audibert; the Ornitho- logy of Vaillant, &c. &c. by the Editors of the Encyclupedia Londinenfis ; 7 vols. 8vo. gl. 7s. plain, or gl. 2s. fuperbly coloured, NOVELS. Louifa, or the Black Tower. 2 vols.gs. boards. The Paraclete; by J. P. Lathy, 5 vols. r2mo, 11. fewed. Glenmore Abbey, or Lady of the Rock, 3 vols. 12mo. 12s. fewed. Hermann and Dorothea ; 4 vols. 12mo. 16s. fewed. The Duellifts, or Men of Honour; a Sto- ty; calculated to thew the Folly, Extrava- gance and Sin of Duelling; by William Lu- cas; {mall 8vo. 3s. 6d. boards. Effufions of Love, from Chatelan to Mary Queen of Scotland ; tran{lated from a Manu- {cript in the Scotch College, at Paris; inter- fperfed with Songs, Sonnets, and Notes Ex- planatory ; by the Tranflator; {mall 8yo. 58. boards. The, Caftle of Roviego, or Retribution 5 by M. Pickar. 4 vols. y2mo. 11. 1s. boards. The Secret, by Mrs. Kelly. 4 vols. 12mo. POETRY. Mifcellaneous Poetry ; by Edward Coxe 5 fmall 8vo. 8s. boards. ‘The Poems of Offian, &c. céntaining the Poetical Works of James Macpherfon, E(q. in Profe and Rhyme ; with Notes and Illuf- trations; by Malcolm Laing, Efq. 2 vols. Svo. x1. 105. boards. Some of Offian’s leffer Poems, rendered in- - to Englith Verfe, with a Preliminary Dif- courfe in Anfwer to Mr. Laing’s Critical and Hiftorical Differtation on Offian’s Poems ; by Archibald Macdonald. $vo. 73. boards, | POLITICS AND POLITICAL ECONOMY. An Effay on the Principle and Origin of » Sovereign Power; by a Dignitary of ‘the * Church ; tranflated from the French, 8vo, [ 7s. boards, >. 7 |. | by La Fontaine. Lift of New Publications. 163 .The Terms of all the Loans which have been raifed for the Public Service; with Obfervations on the Rate of Intereft paid for the Money borrowed, and an. Account of Navy and Exchequer Bills Funded at different ° Periods; by J. J. Grellier. 25 64. VOYAGES AND TRAVELS. A Voyage round the World, in the Years 1800, 1801, 1802, 1803, and 1804, in which the Author viftced the principal Iflands in the Pacific Ocean, and the Engbifh Settlements of Port Jackfon and Norfolk ifland, and re- fided eight Months in Otaheite ; Ny John Turnbull. 3 vols. fmall 8vo. 13s: Gd. bas. Travels to Difcover the Source of the Nile, in 1769, ee. 71, 72, and 733 by James Bruce, Efq. F.R.S. with a Lifewf the Author. 7 vols, demi 8yo. and a gto, volume of Plates. 4l. 16s. or royal 8vo. 71. 7s. boards Books Imported by Evans, 26 Pall-Mall. Thucydides, Gr. et Lat. cum omnibus Notis Dukeri, et novis Notis a Goattlehero, Bavero et Beckio. 2 vols. 3). Idem Liber 2 vols. large Paper, 4]. 4s. 4E(chylus, Gr. et Lat. recenfuit et brevi An- notatione Illuftravit Bothe. 14s. Lips. 48c5. -———fine Paper. 18s. largeft Paper. rl. gos. Orphica cum Notis Variorum, recenfwit Hermannus 11, 1s. Lips. 1805. Dante, 3 vols. folio; a Mogniticent Edi- tion, trl. Pifa. 1805. 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Ditto. 4 vols. $vo. fig. Payfage du Mufée, 1 et 2d Livraifons, fig. br. 4 MONTHLY ( 164 ) | [Sept. 15 MONTHLY RETROSPECT OF THE FINE ARTS. The Loan of all new Prints and Communications of Articles of Intelligence are requefted. et Sal A Series of Views, interior and exterior of the Collegiate Chapel of St. George, at Windfor 5 with illufrative Plates, explanatory of its ArchiteEure and Ornaments, and accompanied by a concife Account, Hiflorical and Defcriptive. The Prints defigned and etched by Najh, and engraved by C. Lewis. Pablifbed by F. Nafhy No. 6, Afylum Buildings, Weftminfler road. Price, 41. qs. ed the reign of Charles II. (when the devaftations this venerable pile had fuffered from the republicans was com- pletely repaired) the additions made to the chapel of St. George, were but incon- fiderable until the year 1774, when the various remnants of ancient ftained glafs, which were difperfed through different parts of the chapel, were cOlleéted to- gether and placed in the great welt win- dow, Farther alterations, repairs, and renewals of decayed par's with artificial ftone, were made in the year 1777-8, and occafionally continued ; and finifhed in the year 1791. The whole expence of thefe repairs and alterations, we are told amounted to more than twenty thoufand pounds, fifteen of which were fub{cribed by his prefent majefty and feveral knights of the garter; and the remaining five thoufand, by the Dean and Chapter, who now allow a fum of money annually, for the repairs of the outfide. When we contemplate the ftupendous remains of fome of our ancient edifices, and fee the ravages that have been made in them, and both by the fury of religious reformation, and the blind zeal and bigotry of puritanical enthufialm, and reflect up- on the inevitable, though almoft imper- ceptible decay produced by time; we feel gratified by any memorial that will pre- ferve and keepalivé the remembrance that _ fuch things were 5 nor fhould we be dif- pleafed that they were fometimes reforted to, as models for building places of wor- fhip in our’ own times, for they are cer- tainly calculated to infpire devotion, and imprefs the mind with reverential awe. It has been faid that were a native of Japan led into a Gothic cathedral, his firft en- quiry would be, “What is the religion of the people of this country ?* ~ If he were taken into a church built according to the rules of Vitruvius, he would afk, « Who was the builder of the edifice?” But to Seturn to the volume aad the prints. ‘This great work (for fo it may be deno- minated in more fenfes than one) is got up in a fhowy and refpeétable ftyle: the paper is of a tremendous fize, the type large, clear and handfome, and the prints of @ defcription that gives on the whole a good idea of the building. The firft is a fouth weft view, with Windfor-caftle in the diftance. The next is the tomb-houfe, and a fouth-eaft view. That which follows is an upright print, witha north-eat view, tinted by J. Seakes. The fourth reprefents the weft front. The two that fucceed, are delineations of the interior of the chapel. Thefe, as well as thofe which precede them, have a pictu- refque and good effect ; though after all, this fafhionabje, and pretty ftyle of en- graving, is too trim, and /mug upon she mart, tor the reprefentation of an ancient cathedral, It will not bear a comparifon with Hollar’s engraving of the cathedral at Antwerp. The views are however very fuperior to many which we have feen within thefe few years ; fome of which bear no more femblance to the places ta are faid to Be delineations of, than the Chinefe, Go- thic, ancient, medern, old, new, ruins, erected as a terminus in a citizen’s villa, by the fide of a dufty road, doto York- miofter, or Weftminfter-abbey. In the three plates with which this work is concluded, we have the arch of the window of the choir; front of the bafe of the columns and fpecimens of the gro- tefque ornaments on the outfde of the chapel, engraven in a very neat, elegant and appropriate ftyle. A Portrait of Sir William Sidney Smith, Ene graved from a Portrait painted by Robert Ker Porter, and engraved and publifbed by A. Cardon, No. 315 Clipftone-firect, Fitzroy Square. This is a very characteriftic and ani- mated portrait ; and beneath the head is a moft {pirited and brilliant little delinea- tion of The Siege of Acre; engraved from Mr. Porter’s picture, by J. Mitan. In this terrific and buly f{cene, there are an immenfe number of figures, in great variety of aétion, extremely correétly ree prefented, and forcibly brought forward, The towers, &c. are very well delineated, and make an admirable back-ground to the group engaged in the bactle, but the general effect would have been betrer a! the a. 1805-] the fky had been engraved ina lighter ftyle. The whole together, makes a very pleafing print. AA pair of Prints, representing Infantine Amule- ments. Painted by A. W, Devis, and en- graved by Anthony Cardon. In the firft of thefe we have two chil- ‘dren playing with a parrot and a young bird ; the parrot, vafe, and carved lion’s head, rather predominate. The compa- nion print is better; it is denominated The Rival Favourites, and repretents a little boy playing with a French lap-dog, and a little girl playing witha cat. The animals are {pirited and well drawn, but the children ave rather heavy. Whe European FaGories at Canton, in China, drawn, engraved and publifbed by William Daniell, and dedicated to F, Wealnoth, Efq. This is a yery beautiful and interefting print, by an artift from whofe previous en- gravings we have more than once derived fome entertainment, and obtained fome information, relative to objeéts little known to the public before their publica- tion. The Reapers. Richard Weftall, Ef R. A. delin.” R. M. Meadows, fculpt. This is intended as a companion to the Storm in Haryett, a print which was pub- lifhed fome years ago. It is a very beau- tiful defign, and finely engraved in the chalk manner ; but does not give a juft idea of the funny effect of the original ; which by the way is become a very com- mon error among our modern engravers. The following are juft publithed by Mr. Ackerman in tiie Strand. Wo. 1, of a Drawing-book of Cattle (in imi- ” gation of black chalk.) «¢ The goat, that browzing on the craggy rocks Stands fearlefs, while beneath, a harmlefs ma. flock : Of timid theep nibble the tender grafs ; The bleating lamb; the long-eared ftubborn cet iafs’; The ox, and lordly bull, not prone to yield ; The lowing herds that crop the verdant field, From fimple nature drawn, are here pour~ tray’d, And may the (cholar in his fludies aid.” Thefe lines, which in a degree enume- rate the animals delineated in the drawing- book, are engraved on the introduétory plate. Such a work as this has been - Retrofpe of the Fine Arts. 165 hitherto a defideratum in the arts; for, though we have numerous pubiications with the rudiments of trees, of landfcapes, &c. &c. ftrange as it may appear, we have fearcely one, diftin&tly treating of thofe domeffte animals that daily come un. der our obfervation, From thefe circum- ftances it was thought that a drawing- book of this delcription would be pecu- liarly acceptable, and as it may come in- to the hands of many who have been little converfant with a pencil, the firt number, which contains feven plates, comprifes de- lineations of feparate parts, and outlines, as well as finifhed heads of {ome of the ani- mals, Mr. V. Huet, who defigned and engrayed the plates, is a miniature painter of acknowledged abilities. This is his firft effay in engraving, and difplays powers that do him great credit indeed; tor the animals are not only correét, but in a pe- culiar degree charaéterific. We mean not only individually, but nationally; for a national character they certainly ought to have, though we have too-often fee Englith landicapes with Cuyp’s cows, and Berghem’s theep. The engravings are admirable imitations of chalk, which ta- ken in all its points, is, perhaps, the bet ftyle in which a young practitioner can be initiated, as it leads toa facility in other branches of the arts; and gives a good ef fect to his early productions. No. II. of Chalk Heads, in imitation of draw- ings, containing Opbelia, Indiana, Iris, and Niobe. Defigned by F. Agar, and engraved by T. Nugent. Price, 10s. No. III, is announced for fpeedy publication. Thefe, like the preceding number are in the antique guito, as large as life, print- ed ona lignt brown drawing-paper, which has a very happy effect. hey ere very well calculated for the improvement of thefe who are learning to draw, A Pair of Vignette Prints, reprefenting the Finding of Mofes,; and Mofes brouz bt te Pharaoh's Daughter, Uwin del. Gar. Sfeulpt. Thefe little ftories are told ina pleafing and picture que ftyle, and extremely neatly engraved in the dotted manner, We noticed in our laft Retrof ect that The Britifh Inflitution for the Encourage- ment of the kine Arts, had purchafed the Shakelpeare Gallery, in Pallmail. We have been told, that fince that time they have made an agreement with fome of the inhabitants of tlie houfes behind the gal- larely, 166 Jery, by which they will have liberty to make windows in the back-front of the ground-floor ware-houfe, now fo incon- veniently dark; and that they alfo have it in contemplation, to purchafe fome of the houfes at the back of the gallery, &c. by which they will be enabled to enlarge the premifes, and render them much more ‘New Aas of the Britifo Legiflature, Sept. Ty extenfive and convenient for the purpofes to which they are to be appropriated. Mr. Holloway’s engravings from the Cartoons, now at Hampton-court, are in a forward ftate ; one of them will be pub- lithed in the courfe of this year; much is done to two of the others, and a fourth ig begun. NEW ACTS OF THE BRITISH LEGISLATURE. Being an Analyfis of all A&s of General Importance, pafed in the prefen Seffion of Parliament, 45 Geo, Ill. <¢ An A& to enable the Eaft India Company ‘to appoint the Commander in Chief on the Bengal Eftablithment to be a Member of the Council of Fort. William in Bengal, not- withftanding the office of Governor Gene- ral of Fort William, and the office of Com- mander in Chief of ‘all the Forces in India being vefted in the fame Perfon. 45 Geo. iii. cap. 36.” (Pafled 10th April, 1805.) HE court of dire&tors may appoint the commander of the forces of the Company on the Bengal eftablifhment to be a member of the council of Fort William, notwithftanding the office of governor ge- neral and commander in chief be vefted in the fame perfon. And fuch commander hall have rank at the board next to the governor general, but fhall not fucceed to the government in cafe of vacancy, unlefs provifionally ap- pointed to fupply the fame, But-fuch commander fo appointed a member of the council fhall be fubjeé& to recall. The next AG which the Condu@ors have ‘20 notice under this article is a very impor- _ tant one, fpringing out of the prefent laud- able fpirit of enquiry into public abufes : at is as follows: 6* An A& to appoint Commiffioners to enquire and examine into the Public Expenditure, and the Condu& of Public Bulinefs, in the Military Departments therein men- tioned 5 and to report fuch Obfervations as fhall occur to them for correcting or pre- venting any Abufes and Irregularities, and for the better condudting and managing the Bufineis of the faid Departments 5 to con- tinue in Force for Two Years, and from thence unui the Expiration of Six Weeks after the Commencement of the then next Seffion of Parliament. 45 Geo. iii, cap. 47. (Palfed 5th Tune, 1305.) Major General Hil ebrand Oakes, Colonc! Frederick Beckwith, Lieutenant Colonel John Drinkwater, Samuel Comp- ton Cox, Efg. Giles Templeman, Efq. Henry Peters, Efq. and Charles Bofan- quet, Efq. are appointed commiflioners for carrying into execution the purpoles of the aét, and to inveltigate how far the regulations recommended by the commil- fioners appointed to examine and ftate the the public accounts and other matters 1e- lating thereto, and by the Seleét Commit- tee of the Houfe of Commons appointed in 1797» to axamine into the public expen- diture, have been carried into execution 5 and whether any other regulations may conduce to the public benefit ; and fuch commiffioners fhall report upon and ftate the fame to his Majefty and both Houfes of Parliament. Such commiffioners fhall alfo examine into the public expenditure and condu& of public bufinels in the feveral offices herein-after mentioned ; viz. in the office of ordnance; the office of the fecretary at war, including the mode of ifluing {ub- fiitence, cloathing, and all other necefla- ries and allowances to his Majelty’s forces ; and in the offices of adjutant, quarter- mafter, and barrackmafier general ; and in the office of the commiflariat; and in the Royal Hofpital at Chelfea, and the Royal Military College, and the Royal Muitary Afylum, and the medical de- partment; and alfo what balances are ftill remaining in the hands of any public ac- countants in any of the faid departments, and whether any and what abuies or irre- gularities exit, and in any fuch cafes as appear to them to require it, whether any, or what abufes or irregularities have exifted in any of fuch offices, or have been prac- tifed or committed by any perfon that now. are or have ben concerned in the [2id offices, ard fhall report the fame to his Majetty and both Houfes of Parliament, and alfo report on the molt effectual means of re- medying f ‘ Bie 1805:]- medying the fame ; and generally fhall re- port on the ftate and management of the faid offices, and fuggeft any fuch regula- tions for the better carrying on the pub- lic fervice therein as may appear to them conducive to the public intereft ; and they thall alfo enquire into and {tate any delays that have arifen in the examining and auditing the public expenditure, and inte the mode of conduéting public bufi- nef in the office, and fuggeft any regula- tions that may appear to them moft effec- tual for enfuring a regular auditing of all public accounts in future. But the commiffioners are not compelled to enquire into abufes that no longer exift. Commiffioners are alfo to report on the means of preventing abufes and frauds in expenditure of public money in the Welt Indies. The commiffioners are to meet where convenient, and to fend precepts for per- fons, papers, and records. And the commiffioners are to examine on oth. And ifany perfons fummoned to appear before the faid commiffioners, fhall neglest ot refufe to appear, or to produce any ac- counts, books, papers, writings, orrecords, or fhall refufé to be fworn, or to affirm, on any queftion, the faid commiffioners are to iffie their warrant, for taking and appre- hending fuch perfon, and committing him to fueh prifon, as the commiffioners fhall think fit, there to remain without bail, until he fhal] fubmit to be examined. But no perfon thall be compellable to anfwer any queftion, or to produce any account, book, paper, or writing, which may criminate, or tend to criminate fuch perfon, or to expofe fuch perfon to any pains or penalties. A writ of habeas corpus may be award- ed for bringing perfons in cuftody in Eng- land before the commiffioners to be ex- amined. Perfons giving falfe evidence are to be punifhed for perjury. And no commiffioner is to hold any civil office of profit during his Majefty’s plea- fure. This aé fhall continue in force for the fpace of two years, and from thence until the expiration of fix weeks after the com- mencement of the then next feflion of Par- liament. The above are the moft material claufes in the aft ; and it is expected that its ope- ration will (timarely effeét a complete re- furm of the widely extended abufes Which ar¢ now known to prevail in the fe- 4 New Aéis of the Britifo Legiflature. 167 veral departments to which the commif- fioners are to direct their enquiries. The next aét, which relates to the management and collection of the old and new duties on property, is too long to be noticed in detail in this Magazine ; it con= fits of 113 pages in folio, and befides, a large fchedule contains 227 claufes. Its title is as follows, viz. 6“ An Aé& to repeal certain Parts of an A& made in the Forty-third Year of his prefent Majefty, for granting a Contribution on the Profits arifing from Property, Profeffions, Trades, and Offices, and to confolidate and render more efteétual the Provifions for col- leéting the faid Duties. 45 Geo, iii, cap. 49-” (Paffed sth June, 1805.) Although from the extreme length of this Aét it is not our intention to enter in- to a minute abitraét of its feveral claufes, yet there is one, which from its extraor- dinary inquifitorial chara&ter, appears to us to be fo extremely partial and unjut (by reafon of its operation being confined to one clafs of the community only) that it is impoflible to pals it over without no- tice. The 187th claufe of this A& (the fec- tion here alluded to) is to the following effect. { Where the income returned fhall be un- der fixty pounds, and fhall arile as herein= after defcribed, the exemption in refpeé thereof fhall be granted according to the following rules : ; Whenever the afleffors fhall have receiv- ed any declaration of claim to any ex- emption, wherein the income fhall wholly arife from profits within the fame parith as lefs than fixty pounds per. annum, they fhall deliver the fame, if in England, to the churchwardens and overfeers, and ifina Scotland, to ene of the elders of the faid p2rifh, and fuch churchwarden or overfeer and elder refpeétively fhall forthwith call a veltry or meeting of the principal inhabi- tants to inquire into the truth of fuch de- clarations on their oaths (which oaths the faid churchwarden or overleer and elder is required to adminifter to nct in any cafe exceeding feven) diligently to inquire and make true prefenatments of the amount of income of the refpeétive claimants ; and the faid churchwarden or overfeer and elder may examine fuch claimants, and may re- quire the attendance of any competent per- fons to give evidence, and may examine fuch perfons touching the income of fuc claimants, aad after fuch inquiry the jury fhall afcertain by their verdiét, or the vers dist of the major part of them, the full amount 163 amount of the annual profits of every fuch claimant ; and by their verdi& in writing fhall return under their hands the feveral amounts to the afleffois, as alfo the feveral amounts of any intereft or other annual payment to which fuch claimants are liable, who fhall deliver the fame io the commif- fionsrs for general purpofes of the fame diltrict ; but the faid commiffioners, before the allowance of fuch claims, fhall exa- mine the affeflors, who fhall attend the commiffioners for that purpofe at fuch time and place as they thall appoint, touch- ing the inquiry and return fo made; and if the faid commiffioners fhall be fatisfied with the returns fo made, they fhall caufe the eltimates to be entered in their books as returned in fuch verdi&, and make an affeffment thereon at the raie preferibed in the faid recited duties and this act, and af- terwards grant fuch exemptions or allow- ances as they may grant under this aét, on the amount of each perfon’s income re- turned in fuch verdict; but in cafe the faid commiffioners fhall be diffatisfied with. any return by fuch verdiét, they fhall hear and determine the merits of fuch claim as an appeal, of which the party fhall have due notice: and whenever the veltry, or fubftantial inhabitants, fhall be fo nume- rous as to require the felection of feven perfons to be fummoned to the meeting tor the purpofe of {uch inquiry, fuch feleétion fhall be made at the difcretion of the com- miflioners for general purpofes acting for the diftri&, and the expediency of fuch feleGtion fhall be determined by them in every cafe, of which they thall give notice to the officiating minifter ; and none other of the veftry, or of the inhabitants of fuch parith, thall be {worn upon fuch inquiry. ] If fuch an inquifitorial power is necel= fary to be granted toaveftry (not at ail times Compoted of the moft liberal and en- - lightened perfuns) for the purpofe of pro- tecting government againtt fraudulent re- turns trom thofe who may claim exemptions on the ground of their income being under fixty pounds per annum, we confeis we {ce no reafon why fuch a parochial fcrutiny fhould not extend to the higher orders of fociety, whofe notorious evafions mult be more prejudicial to the revenues Upon the whole it is obvioufly partial and unjult to fubject the returns of the induftricus and humble part of the community to a feru- pulous inveftigation in vefiry (which is too frequently compofed of ignorant perfons and mere jacks in office) while the higher orders in fociety are free from a fimilar enquiry. New A545 of the Britif Legiflatare: [Sept, f, It is alfo proper to obferve that, althougl under this a&t all incomes of lefs amount than fixty pounds per annum are not hable - to duty, and thofe of fixty pounds per an- num, and under one hundred and fifty pounds, are only chargeable at an atvated rate; yet few perfons know low to pro ceed under the aé to obtain thole exempe tions, or abatements ; for all fpecific pro-, perty is chargeable by the commiilioners of the diftri€e where it lies, and moft be le- vied within the diftriét, unlefs the party proceeds according to the (triét direétions of the aét. Thus perfons pofleffing only a {mall freehold or income, amounting to fixty pounds per annum, in refpeét of which they are wholly exempt, or poffefled of an income of fixty pounds and under one hundred and fitty pounds, for which they are only to be charged at an abated rate muft inevitably pay in the fame propor- tion as others whofe incomes exceed one hundred and fifty pounds per annum, viz. as perfons at the rate of 6]. 5s. per cent. unlefs they aétually proceed to obtain re- lief from the charge in the manner directed by the act. The fame courfe is to be obferved for claiming abatement in refpeét of children mutt alfo be obferved, viz. Every perfon claiming any fuch exemp- tions or allowances as aforefaid muft deliver a declaration thereof to the affeffors of the parifh where he refides, and ftate the {pecific fources of his income, and if the furveyors do not objeét thereto within forty days, the commiffione:s are to grant fuch exemptions or allowances ; but if the furveyors object, the party mult proceed before the com- miffioners by appeal, 183. And every fuch claim muft be made to the commiflioners of the diftriét where the claimant refides, 184. And where the income foall arife from property or profits arifing wholly in the fame parifh where the claimant fhall refide, the commiffioners fhall caufe an entry there- of to be made in their books, which will be a difcharge from payment. 187. But where the income is on property or profits arifing in different parifhes or places, under different diftridts of commiffioners, then the commiffioners by whom the claim fhall have been allowed thall grant a certi- ficate of the allowance, all which certifi- cates may be delivered by the party to the collectors of the parith where the property lies or is charged, which certificates are to be received as cafh by the collectors. REVIEW - -¥805.] ( 16 ) REVIEW OF NEW MUSICAL PUBLICATIONS. An Anthem and two Voluntaries for the Organ and Piano-forte, with a Selection of thirty- eight favourite Pfalm Tunes, among f? which are feveral never before publifbed.. The whole inferibed to the Rew. Fergus Grabam, A. M. By William. Howgill, Whitehaven. 10s. 6d. HIS volume’ of facred mufic will be found to form a good organi/?’s com- panion. The anthem, though not with- out fome traits of difufe in this fpecies of compofition, poffefles many points that entitle it to our commendation; and the voluntaries are calculated both to pleafe the ear and thew the performer to advan- tage. Of the pfaim tunes, thofe which were already known to the public are fe- le&ted with tafte, and thofe which come _ from the penof Mr. Howgill exhibit con- fiderable talent for the production of that familiar kind of church mufic. A Sonata for the Grand Piano forte, tqwo Waltzes, an Air with Variations, two Grand Marches, four Dances, ‘and the favourite Scotch Air of Duncan Gray, with eighteen Variations. Dedicated to the Right Hon. Lady Augufta Vifcounte/s Lowther ; by Wil- liam Howgill, of Whitebaven. 10s. 6d. . In the fonata (the firft piece in this col- leftion) are introduced the *¢ Biue Bell of Scotland,’ ‘* Spanifh Guittar,”’ an Irifh air in Harlequin Amulet, “ Away with Melancholy,” and “ Viva Tutti,” all with variations which do credit to Mr. Howgill’s fancy, while many of the pat fages in the original part of the compofi- tion are mafterly and ftriking. The marches are boldly conceived, the dances are {prightly, and the variations to ‘¢ Dun- ean Gray’ are tafieful and- pleafing. Taken in the aggregate, this publication, we muft fay, is calculated to increafe Mr. Howgill’s profeflional reputation, and we hope its fale will be fuch as to well reward His ingenious labours. Tinto One; or Linsis’s Dance, a Sonata for the Grand Piano-forte. Compofed and injcribed to ple Huddart, Efg. by William How- gill, of Whitebaven. 15. 6d. _Thecireumftances Mr. Howgill hastaken pfor mutica] imitation in this fonata are ole of the * exertion to get into battle,” the “ general attack,” the « French Ad- thiral’s fhip damaged,”’ the * cries of the wounded,”’ the “ purfuit of the Admi- fal’s thip by Captain Dance,” the &¢ ree Montury Mag, No. 133. mainder of the French fquadron ftealing away,’ and ** the lofs of the Admiral’s fhip.”” So far as thefe particul+rs are ca- pable of the imitation intended, tne coms pofer has acquitted himfeli much to the credit of his judgment: the circum{tances and fituations here felefted do not, per- haps, properly fpeaking, come within the province of mufical delincation; but fas fhion is powerfully on the fide of Mr. Howegill, and if he errs in his choice, the practice of fome of the mott refpectable modern compofers will keep him in coun tenance. ‘¢ Anna, thou my firft and only chofen;” a faa vourite Song, fung by Mrs. Watler, at feve= ral private Concerts, Tbe Words by Robert Burnes ; the Mufic by F. Watler. 15. The melody of this little fong is f(mooth, tender, and expreffive. The ideas are obvious, yet fo conneéted as to produce a general novelty of effect; and had the excellent author lived to hear the notes here given to his words, he would, we will venture to fay, have declared them to exprefs the fentiments that gave them birth. A Grand March for the Piano-forte or Harps compofed, and dedicated to Mifs H. Thornton, by G.-E. Griffin. 25. This march is conceived with confder= able boldoefs ; and though not marked by any particular originality of idea, pro. duces an effect honourable to Mr. Grif fin’s abilities. The concluding move- ment is animated and ftriking in its fub-~ je&t, and exhibits-a pleafing feries of well- connected paflages. AA Duet for two Performers on one Piano-forte 5 compofed and dedicated to Miffzs Elizabeth Sarab, and Sarab Elizabeth Barber, by Ts Latour. 35. The eafy and familiar ftyle of this duet will recommend it to the notice of all young practitioners. The paflages, while they are well difpofed for the hand, are pleafingly fancied, and the combined ef= tect of the two parts is fuch as to chal- lenge the approbation of hearers of tafte. “Inve at Sight;” written by Mr. Breach. The Mufic compofed and dedicated to Mrs. Green, by Fohn fay. 15. 6d. The fimple, eafy ftyle of this melody will pleafe moft lovers of ballad mufic. ¥ The 170 The ideas are throughout fuch as the words might naturally fuggeft, and fay much in favour of Mr. Jay’sjudgment as a vocal compofer. s¢ I love you, by Heav'n; to Madnefs!"" a Song fung by Mr. Brabam, in Inkle and Ya- rico, at the Theatre Royal, Covent-Garden Altered from the favourite Ballad of ** Lit- tle Sinning’s in Love; by M. G. Lewis, Ejg. 3s. 6d. The beautiful and emphatical fimplicity of this little air will not fail to pleafe all who delight in the melody of the heart. The words are fweetly tender and highly oetical, and the mufic is fich, in every refpect, as thofe words might be expected to infpire in a compoler of tafte and fenfi- bility. «6 Adieu, my Clementina !’” written on the much- lamented Duke D’Enghien, by F Ramnnie. The Mujfic compofed by F. Davy. 1. 6d. Mr. Davy has fet thefe affecting words toa melody perfefily analagous to this melancholy fubje&. With little apparent effort, great effect is produced; which is one of the firft charaéterifics of good compofition. Only acompoler of feeling and judgment could have done equal juf- Alphabetical Lift of Bankrupts and Dividends, [Sept. | 4%. tice to this interefting little offspring of Mr. Raunie’s mufe. The New-Rigg’d Ship, a favourite Dance, with Variations for the Piano-forte; by Mr. La- tour. Is. Mr. Latour has added five variations to their melody, the laft of which is a Ja mi- litaire. The whole forms an excellent little exercife for thofe who have made a moderate progrefs on the piang forte, and will be found as pleafiog as improving. The Inftallation; or a Trip to Windfor; a fa- vourite Airy arranged as & Rondo for the Pi- ano forte. 15. Weare fo pleafed with the arrangement of this air, as to with we knew to whom our praife isdue, The matter, be who he may, has difplayed much tafte and good management, and has proved him- felf well qualified for higher efforts. Six favourite Quick-Steps, compofed for the Loyal Nottingham Volunteers; adapted for the Piano-forte. 15. Thefe are pleafing trifles, and will be fourd highly eligible as exercifes for be- ginners on the initrument for which they are here arranged. ALPHABETICAL LisT of BANKRUPTCIES and DiviIDENDS announced between the 20th of Fuly and the roth of Aucguff, extraced from the London Gazettes. -BANKRUPTCIES,. The Solicitors’ Names are between Parenthefes. ABNEY Robert, Ashby de Ja Zouch, dealer. (Smith, Afh- by de la Zouch, aud Price, Brown, and Beyan, Lin- coln’s Ton Badderley John, Wolverhampton, drugeift. (Price and Williams, Lincoln’s Inn Bunt John, and Robert Scollay, Coal Exchange, coal fac- tors. (Aljan, Fenchurch itreet Beck Authony, Oxford ftreet, fadler, (Becket, Clement's Tun Bennell John, Gouldftone fquare, builder, (Stratton, Shore ditch Barrow Edward Nathaniel, Leadenhall ftreet, baker, (Tay- lor, Old ftreec road Canning Edward, jun. Henley in Arden, thread maker (Carter, Staples Inn 3 ‘ Gepp John, and Robert Walker, Stratford, calico piinters, (Roach, Nicholas lane PMrgard George, Upper Grofyeuor place, victualler. (Crofs- field and Moore, Salisbury ftreer Dawfyn James, Copthall buildings, warehoufeman, (Hurd, Temple Dimond James Ford, Dean ftreet, Wefiminfter, perfumer, (Dove and Mayhew, Temple Feltham Samuel, New Sarum, taylor, (Wegener and Weft, Red Lion ftreet, Wapping Fletcher George, Workfop, dealer. (Berry, Walbrook reeman Thomas. St. Martin’s le Grand, wine merchant. Karrow, Threadneedle ftreet Gooftry Peter, Rufleton, cotton Macclesfreld Graham John Kelly, Fowey, merchaat. (Edmunds, Lin- coln’s Inn Hall Yhomas, Frome, clothier. Will Johu, Towcefter, grocer, Gray's Inn wood William Marfdan, sorron Spinner, (Gleadhill ard Payne, Lepbury fpinner. (Wadfworth, (Ellis, Hatton garden (Faulkes and Longdills Hitchcock James, Oxford ftreet, picture dealet. Hennem John, Greenwich, corn dealer, (Flexney, Chau- _ cery lane Hindle Thomas, bricklayer. (Taylor, __ Tooke’s court. -! phe William, Walton, corn dealer. (Battye, Chan= ceiy lane Herbert Thomas, Dowgate hill, merchant. (Jackfons, Walbrook Hubberty John Lodge, barrifter at law and cotton (pinners (Cooper and Lowe. Chancery lane Hughes William, Crofs court, Long acre, money fcrivener, Burdon, St. Andrew's court Johnafon William, Edgware road, collar makers (Impey and Wightman, Temple Jackfon William, Manchefter, hat lining cutter. (Ducks worth and Chippindall, Manchefer Jobnfon Coulfon, Knightsbridge, ttable keeper. (Minfhull and Veal, Millbank ftreet, Wettminfter Jones Robert Scatchard, Mark lave, corn dealer, (Adams, Old Jewry Ludlam Jofeph, Stoke Bruern, victualler,. (Meyrick and Broderip. Red Lion fquare Lovelock Charies, Durham ftreet, dealer in wine. (Wil- liams and Sherwood Larkin Edmund, Shefturd, fhopkeeper. (Hurd, Temple Leakin John, Worcefer-ftreet, Southwark, millwright. Smith, Adelphi Mence Richard Mugg;Worcelter, money fcrivener. (Pricey Lincoln’s Inn Mac Cann William, Blackwall, victualler, Bartholomew clofe Movle John, Birmingham, factor. (Platt, Bride court Moggridge Anna, Cranbourn ftreet, milliner, &c- (Wells, Spitalfields Newall John, Briftol, Gray’s Inn fyuare Ogden Ralph, Bottany, cotton fpinner. (Milne and Parryy Old Jewry. Renneil William, jum, Totaefs, mercet, (Alexander, Bed- ford row Richardby Pancras place, (Rutherford merchant. (James, 1805.] Richardby James, jun. Durham, joiner. (Pringle and Wasborough, Greville ftreet Robertfon David, Bithopfgate without, taylor. (Beaurain, Union ftreet Rolfe Jofeph, Bream’s buildings, timber merchant. (Al- _ lingham, St. John’s fquare Richards jofeph, Rotherhithe, Chancery lave Starr Joh», Worcefter, brandy’ merchant. Moule, Chancery lane Stone William, Suuthwark, hop mérchant. (Manenall, _ Warwick fquare Sizeland Johu. Wimpole ftreet, Taylor. (Smith, Adelphi Smithfon Richard, Hull, innkeeper. (Ritfou, Hull Smith William, Bafing lane, warehoufeman. (Rutherford, Bartholomew clofe Scholefield John, Cateeton ftreet, warehoufeman. (Lamb, Alderfgate treet Slater Thomas, Leicefter, grocer. ftreet buildings Victualler, (Holloway, (Tarrant and (Rivingtony Fenchurch Slaymaker John. Redcrofs ftreet, tallow chandler. (Vin- centaud Upftone, Bedford ftreet, Bedfo.dfyuare Timms Samuel, athby de Ja Zouch, Miller. (Price, Browrie, and Bevaty, Lincoln’s Inn Thomas James, Lightpile, and Anthony Bond, Stanley’s End, clothier’s. (Croome, Stroud, and Vizard, Gray’s np Wood Jofeph, Bromley, cotton fpinner. (Milne and Parry, Old Jewry Wardell Thomas, Barlington, Scott, Lincoln's Inn pene pate Stamford, victualler. or Winwood Edward, and Samuel Thodey, Poultry, Scotch fattors. (Colliss, spital fyuare Whitnale William, Milton, miller. (Hinde and Brace, Temple. . DIVIDENDS ANNOUNCED. Alderfon Chriftopher, Beccles, grocer, Augut Fu Arthey Elliot, Liverpoo!, dealer, September to, final. Aris Jofeph, and William Tayler, uxford, corn ¢ealers, September 3 Barr John, Wantage, money fcrivener, Augult 17 Beaver William, aud John Jones, Bradford, clothiers, September 4 Barker Thomas, Brickwall, vidualler, Auguft 28, fival Bigwood John, Bafinghall treet, warehoufeman, October innkeeper. (Clayton and (Redifer, Stam- 19 Baker Thomas, and John Shorland, Exeter, woollen dra- peis, suguft 34, foal Barnes Robert, Stretton, timber merchant, September 21, nal Carpenter John, Thetford, dealer, Auguft 20, final Cox Daniel, fen, and Paniel Cox. jun. Mark lane, brandy merchants, Augult 17 ee George, Great Yarmouth, nal. Mharles James, and Thomas Lofft, Friday freet, ware- houfemen, Auguft 21, final Curtis James and Honor Pitt Griffin, Ludgate hill, oil and colour merchants, Augutt 28 Chivers William, Newgate ftreet, dealer, Augut 28, nal Chaddock James, and Randle Keay, Wigan, potters, Au- euit 21 eee Carter, Great New ftreet, tallow chandler, Novem- ers €ox John, Leighton Buzzard, corn merchaut, Auguft 27 att Benjamin, Heckmondwicke, dealer, September 14, nal Soups Thomas, Fenchurch ftreet, cheefesnonger, Septem- er z Day Edward, Collingbourne, farmer, Auguft 21 Dike George, Abingdon treet, bootmaker, Auguf 27 Dedron George, Kingftun upon Huil, dealers, September 16 Dauney William, Windfor, apothecary, September 23 Efpener Charies, Hull. woollen draper, Auguft 23 Eftlin Nathaniel, Hinckley, hofier \ugu't 27 ep ner John, Macclesfield, druggift, September 16, na upholder, Auguf 10, Gowland George, Chandos ftreet, merchant, Auguft 14 Gregory Adam, Taviltock ftreet, taylor, Augut 21 Gardner Franklin, Deptford, dealer, October 22 Geary Thomas, Auftin friars, merchant, September 17 Bar wiiltain Salisbury, Saivt Ives, dealer, September a4, na rris William. Drury lane, woollen draper, Jul uldfworth Abrahain, and Henry Grolvenor, ly 2 Balinghall ftrect Alphabetical Lift of Bankrupts and Dividends. I7L Holden William, Lincoln. coal merchant, Auguft 29 Harrifon Thomas, aud John Brackley tritchavd, Livere pool, dealers, Augnft 27, final Harris James, Exeter, coachmaker, Augutt 27, final Hill Stephen, Bifhopfgate -ftreet, oil and colourman, Aue gut 28 Hardman Jofeph, Manchelter, merchant, Augu’ 22 Hefketh William, Thomas and Henry, Chetter, bankers, Sugult 27 Hefketh William, Thomas and Henry, Chefter, bankers, September 17 Horfman Edwari, and John Horfman, Chipping Campden bankers, September -o Houlding John, and James William Sowerby, Liverpool, Merchants, September 15 Irvin SS RORaEs and James Holden, Halifax, dyers, Auguft 30, fina Jones Wi liam, Gloucefter, dealer, Ofob«r 3. final Jones Samuel, John Milfom, and Samuel Howard, Brade _ ford, clathiers, September 4, final Lichigaray samuel, and Martiew Dunsford, Bafinghall ftreet, merchants, joint eftate september 27, feparate eftate September 28 powmet John, Whitchurch, 195 na Lofh George, William Lofh,and Jehn Robinfon, Newcaltle, ironmongers, suguft 22 Lane John, Thomas Frafer, and Thomas Boylton, Nichoe Jas lane, merchants, December 5. final Marfon Samuel, St. Alban’s. corn dealer. November 2 Merfon Edward, Ilminfter, mercer, Augult 17 ieee JOfSER, and George Pratt, Leek, dealers, Auguft 17, na Medway John, Rawfon, dealer, September g Mozley, Morris Lewin, Liverpool, dealer, OGtober 29 Morris George, Moorhelds, leatherfeller. December z Peck Anthony Gravefend, builder, Augult 17 Platt George, SaddJeworthy clothier, Auguft 14 Pullin HETEy, and Thomas Roberts, Exeter, coal merchants, Asgutt 2 Prefgrave Edward, Spalding, merchant, Augutt 34 Pickman ee? Great Newport ftreet, watchmaker, Auguft 2a Pitts William, Béfton, dealer, Auguft 29, final Pemberton Edward, and John Houlding, Liverpool, mere chants, September 13, final Prieftley John, Fieldheac, John Prieftley the younger and Amelia Prieftley, Upper Clapton. and Jofeph Prieftley, Great St. Helen’s. merchant, September 12 Rofe Charlés, Weftminiter. cheefemonger, Auguft 21 Roby Samuel, and Edward Roby, Wood ftreet, hofiers, Sepe tember 14 Ranfon Lilbeus, Charing crofs, tavern keeper, November coachmafter, Auguft 12 Robinfon William, Richard Freeftone Paris, and Dinah Squires, King ftreet, Seven Dials, bakers, Odtober 22 Rowland Northy, aud Feter Rowland, Great Cogglethall, blanket weavers Bufher John, Reading, Berks, hofier, September 23 Sawyer John, Tenterden, graziers July 27, final Scarfe, Rubert. King’s Lynn, brewer, Augutt 20 Sizer Juhn, Maningtree, thopkeeper, O¢tober 22, final Seddon George, Alderigate ftieet, cabinét maker, O<¢tober 2 Stephenfan Charles, Parliament ftrect, ftatloner, Septeme ber 21 Smith Samuel, Liverpool, merchant, September 24 Sayles Matthew, jofeph Hancock, and William Sayles, Sheffield, cutlers, September 6 Stoney William, and Jol Smith, Leeds, grocers, Sepreme berg Townfend John, Ludgate hill, laceman, Auguft 17 Taylor John, Chatham, wine merchant, s\uguft 37 Biynaale, William Rubins, woudcheiter, grocer, Auguft 26, nal Pieruen Jofephy Stockport, cottun fpinner, September 30, nal Varley Ingram, Wigan, fhopkeeper, September 9 Whitaker John, fenior, and William Whitaker Stockporty and john Whitaker, junior, Edgicy, cotton manufattue rers, Sugult 15 Walker Edmund. Kiddermintier, grocer, Augult 21 Welsborne Charles, Evefham, grocer, Auguft 22 Walley Thomas, Liverpool, merchant, September g Wingate Vhomas, Lincoln, linen draper, sugult 29 Wariters Joun, Cornhiil, mercer, - uguft 31 Whitworth James, Alford, brandy merchant, Septeme ber 6 Wettaby Edward, Grimsby. fhopkeeper, Seprember 6 Youard William, North Walfham, Currier, Auguit 30 ¥Yarrol Thomas, Finsbury-piace, taylor, Augutt 27 STATE { 172.) (Sept. ty STATE or PUBLIC AFFAIRS, In Auguft, 1803. allan ‘BRITISH EMPIRE. INCE our laft we have to record an advantage obtained over the combined ficets of France and Spain by Admiral Sir Robert Calder, with an inferior force. ‘The fleet under the Britifh Admiral con- fitted of fifteen fail of the line, two fri- gates, a cutter.of eight guns, and a lug- gerof fourteen; but in the enemy’s fleets were nineteen fail of the line, three fifty- gun fhips, four frigates, and three fmaller ‘veflels, carrying each twenty-eight guns. For the account of the engagement, we Shall give Sir Robert Calder’s own letter, from the Lonpon GazeTrre ExrTra- ORDINARY. Prince of Wales, "fuly 23, 1805. Sir, Yetterday at noon, lat. 43 deg. 30 min. N. long. 14 deg. 17 min. W. I was favour- ed with a view of the Combined Squadrons of France and Spain, confifing of twenty ‘ail of the line, alfo three large thips, armed en flute, of about 50 guns each, with five ‘frigates and three brigs;~the*force under my ‘direction at this time confitting of fifteen fail of the line, two frigates, a cutter, and a lugger; I immediately ftood towards the enemy with the fquadron, making the need- ful fignals for battle in the clofet order ; and, on clofing with them, I made the fig- nal.for attacking their centre. When I had reached their rear, [tacked the fquadron jn fucceflion ; this brought us clofe up under their lee ; and when \our ‘headmof thips reached their centre wig 4805.] wife of Mr. G. cooper.—-Mr. Rofe, butcher. —Mrs. Barber, wife of Mr. B. grocer. «At Weft Bridgford, near Nottingham, Mr. Robert Singlehurft, 62. At Mansfield, Mr. Wm. Watfon, mercer and draper. At Newark, Mr. Matthew Sheppard, a member of the Newark Volunteers, 27.— Mrs. Rumley, reli€t of Mr. R. iron-mon- ex. : At Calverton, Mr. Chriftopher Qldknow, LINCOLNSHIRE. Among the other improvements making at the port of Grimiby, it is in contemplation to ere€t a jetty from the lock down to low water mark, to prevent the higher fluxion of the tide. Married] At Bennington, near Bofton, Mr. C. B, Chepman, grocer and draper, to Mifs Mary Mowbray. Robert Saimon, efq. of Weekley, to Mifs Keep, of Kettering. At Burgh, Mr. Stokes, to Mifs Allitt — Mr. Bowen, of the Sun public-houfe, to Mifs Martha Cartwright. At Barrowby, Mr. Charles Dorr, to Mifs Jane Hemingway, of Grantham. At Wigtoft, near Bofton, Mr. Robert Dea- bell, farmer, of Quadring, to Mifs Ann Morrifs. At Whapload Drove, Mr, Samuel Bea- gles, of Holbeach, to Mifs Deborah Eafon. At Gainfboro’, Lieutenant Waller, of the navy, to Mifs Cuthbert, daughter of Mr. C. carpenter, At Louth, the Rev. G. Tennyfon, A.M. reCtor of Beneworth, to Mifs Fytch, daughter ofthelate Rev. Stephen F.—The Rev. Marcus Aurelius Parker, curate of Louth, to Mifs Earley.—Mr. Hudfon, of Orgarth-hill, to Mrs. Newhound. At Skidbrook, Mr. Paddifon, grazier, 67, to Mrs. Elizabeth Barr, 76, after a courtthip of five days. At Lincoln, Mr. Watts, one of the lay- vicars of the cathedral, to Mifs Franklyn. Died.| At Gofberton, Mr. Allin, an emi- ment farmer and grazier, 71,—Mrs. Slater, wife of Mr. S. 71. At Wansford, Mr. Norton, fen. 71. He was unfortunately overturned in the Nelfon goach, and received fo much injury as to occafion his death. At Lincoln, Mr. William Camm, tea- dealer, 64.—Mrs. Bedford, wife of Mr. B. jun, Ig9.—Mr, Greatham, late a reputable farmer at Bootham, 71. At Louth, in the prime of life, Mr. C. P. Wood, keeper of the Pack Horfe Inn.—Mr. Martin Cannon, a refpeétable farmer and nur- feryman.—Mr. Edward Holmes, 28. At Gaintborough, Mrs. Brumby, a maiden lady, 88. At Glentworth, Mr. Robert Baffet, 60. At Morton, near Gainfborough, Mr. John Picking, midhhipman of his Majefty’s thip Hero, Lincolnfhire— Leicefterfpires 189 At Spalding, Mr. Burwell, 89, He had formerly been an eminent common-brewery but had retired from bufinefs many years. At Brampton, near Torkfey, Mrs, Eliza- beth Wells, widow, 44 2 At Caftor, Mr. Thomas Johnfon, farmer, 2 At Maltby, near Alford, Mrs. Allatt, wife of Mr. A. a refpettable farmer and gra- zier. yi Thiddlethorpe, Mr. Thomas Hollidge, 78. At Counthorpe, near Corby, Mr. Muffon. At Spilfby, Mrs. Davy, wife of Mr. Wile liam D. ‘ At Waddingworth, Mr. Richard Elms hirft, an opulent grazier. At Stamford, Milfs Lowe, eldeft daughter of the late Alderman L. 32. At Cowbit, near Spalding, Mrs Eliza= beth Grigss, wife of Mr. Thomas G. bute cher, 35- At Swaton, near Billingborough, Mr. Lenton, fen. grazier. At Doddington, near Lincoln, Mrs. Hare rifon, wife of Mr. H. LEICESTERSHIRE. A very large ftratum of coal, 15 feet deep has been difcovered on the Earl of Moira’s eftate, at Donnington, by which the thares in the Leicefterfhire canal have been doubled in value. This mine proves fo produ&ive that the profits to its noble poffeffor are {tated to amount to Isol. per week. Married.) At Ucicefter, Mr. Burbage, of the Nags-head, to Mrs. Eames, relict of Mr. E. At Rothley, Mr. Jofeph Chatwin, to Mifs Rebecca Freeman, of Foftter. At Rugby, Mr. Benjamin Sutton, hofier, to Mrs. Whitmell. Died.| At Leicefter, Mr. Newby, frame-= {mith.—Afier a few hours? illnefs, Mrsi Walker, wife of Mr. Wm. W. merchant; a lady exemplary for her rational piety and ac- tive charity ; unwearied in the various domef- tic relations ; beloved toa degree of reverence by a numerous family; charaéterized bya peculiar firmnefs and fincerity in her friends fhips, and admired among a large acquaintance for native opennefs and the ingenuous vivacity of her difpotition, She has left a good name never to be erazed from their memory, and their regret is only equalled by the irrepara- ble lofs they have tu(tained.—-Mr. Thornton, fhoe-maker,—Mr. Banner, framefmith.— Mr. Toone, collar and whip-maker. At Great Wigfton, Mr. Henry Branfon, 81, formerly a retpectable farmer and grazier of that place, bur who had for fome years retired from bufinefs. STAFFORDSHIRE. One of the windewsin the cathedral church of Litchfield is now filled with the ftained glafs purchafea by the dean and chapter from a ruined abbey in France, It contains three {criptural fubjeéts, all entire, viz.—Chrift appearing | “790 appearing to the Apofiles and Thomas ; The Befcent of the Holy Ghot on the Apoftles 5 - and The Day of Judgment. The date is 1534; and it is accounted one of the fineft {pecimens of this art now in the kingdom. Married] At Barr, Mr. F. Richards, of Birmingham, co Mifs Mayne, At Newcaftle, the Rev. J. Blunt, to Mifs Ford. At Handfworth, Mr. L. Thompfon, of Birmingham, to Mifs Leonard, of Hamp- ftead. At Cheadle, Mr. Randle, mercer, of Man- chetter, to Mifs Bakewell, ci daughter of Mr. Thomas B. At Madeley, Mr. Wilkinfon, tea-dealer, of Shrewibury, to Mifs Hickfon, of the iron- bridge. At Uttoxeter, Mr. William Smith, clerk of the parifh, 72, to Milfs Eliza Salt, 22. Died | At Stafford, Mrs. Fairbank, wife of Mr. F. fchoolmatter. At Walfall, Mrs. Ann Clarkfon, relict of Mr. William Clarkfon.—Mrs. Green, wife of Mr. Green, buckle-maker. At Penkridge, Mifs Hodfon, daughter of Mr. H. At Lichfield, George Adams, ef. At Hay- ihoufe) near Penkridge, Mr. John Chapman, a refpeétable farmer, 67. At Meole, Mrs. Haywood, Thomas H.efq. of Penkhull. At Longton hall, Mifs Maria ‘Heathcote, fecond daughter of Sir john Edenfor H. 19. WARWICKSHIRE. The firft floneof the Free Church, intended to be ere€ted at Birmingham, was laid by the Earl of Dartmouth, in the name of his Ma- . jefty. His lordfhip as the reprefentative of the king, was attended by all the nobility, gentry and clergy of the furrounding country. The {tone meafures about five teet wide, and three deep, and weighs about three tons, twelve hundred weight. Married. At Birmingham, Mr Edw. Jones, to Mifs Ann Pearfon —Mr. Wm. Gough, engraver, to Mi's Sarah Brettell.—Mr Ro- bert Fell, of Leeds, to Mits Mary Anne Brofter —Mr. Srephen Armfield, of Deri- tend, to Mifs Marcia Dawes.—Mr. Thomas Davis, coal-merchant, to Mifs Mary Row. Mr. Thomas Read, of the New-inns, Wil- Jenhall, ta Mifs Ann Robertfon, of Wet Bismiwich: Mr. Thomas Bailey, of Weft Bromwich, to Mifs Jane Field, of Wood green At Weit divmiwich, Vir. Samuel Hawkins, to Mils Myatt.— “r. Win Whitehoufe, nail- Iron monger and meichant, to Mifs Hateley, daughter of Mr. H. of Etcingfhall. At Shenftone, Mr. E Wafdell, of Birm- ingham, to Mifs Waddams, of Stonall At Warwick, Mr Thomes Reeve, to Mrs. Pratt —Mr John Kempfon, of Birmingham, to Mifs Lucy Collins. at Edgbafton, Mr. Wm. Allport, of Birm- jngham, to Mifs Dickenfon, of Afton-road, relict of Wa rwick/bi re.—Shropfhire. * [Sept. 1) Di:d.] At Birmingham, Mr. Obadiah Bellamy, 89. He had been 65 years a* houfe-keeper in that town, and for many years carried on an extenfive button-bufinefs, from which he had retired about 45 years.— Suddenly, Mr. Baker.—Mr, Charles Jennins, formerly an eminent jobbing fmith, but who had long retired from bufinefs —Mr. Conrad Bernecker, merchant.—Mr. Kent, japanner. Mr, Conqueft, wine- merchant, 63 —Mr. Sam. Chafidier, of the Star, Dale-end.—Mrs. Jones, wife of Mr. J.—Mrs. Crowder.—Mrs. Howell, wife of Mr. Jofeph H. 53. At Henley in Arden, Mr. Edward Jacke fon, maltfter. At Warwick, Mrs. Ann Lapworth. At Folefhill, Mifs Ault, daughter of Mrs A. fchoolinaher of Coventry. At Caftle Bromwich, Mrs. Thornton, 63. At Coventry, Mrs. Wilmer, wife of Ben= jamin W. efq.—Mrs. Haycock, wife of Mr. Haycock., At Folefhill, Mrs. inn, At Mount Pleafant, Francis Dawes, 28. At Finham, in the parifh of Stonley, Mr. Jafper Palfrey, well known for his long at- tention to an excellent breed of fheep, 69. At Stockton, Mrs Hodgfon, wife of Mre H. late of Birmingham, merchant. At Ipfley, Mrs. Newfam, relict of Clement N. efq. late of Kington. SHROPSHIRE, Married.] At Ellefmere, the Rev. Thos. Ofwell, of Dinthill, to Mifs Lloyd, eldeft daugliter of Francis L. efg. At Shrewfbury, Mr. ‘Thomas LDonaldfon, carver and gilder, to Mifs Evans, daughter of Mr. E. clock and watch-maker. At Ludlow, Mr, Burlton, ftationer, of Leomintfter, to Mifs H. Anderfon. At Otweftry, the Rev. S. Stennett, of Dublin, to Mils Holbrook.—Mr. Wm. Jones, to Milfs Mary Davies. Died.] At Ludlow, Mrs. Whitney, wife of Mr. W. of the Angel inn.—Mr. Ingram, clothier and mercer.—Mr. Baugh—Mr. Page, glover. At Whitchurch, Mrs. Sarah Hand, 7o.—« Mr. ‘Vhos. Hughes, maltfter, 38.—Mr. Bare low, tailor, At Shrewibury, Mrs. Eliz. Windfor. —Mr. Peter Bowen, butcher.—Mils Mary Cole, fecond daughter of Mr. C, 14.—Mr. Walter Tomkies, hatter.——Mr. Gilvert, of the Prince of Wales public-houfe, 87.—Mr. Axon, glazier. At Buitton-heath, Pugfon, nurfery-man, , At Sutton Maddock, Mr. Price. . WORCESTERSHIRE, In the Jaft annual.report of the Worcefter Houfe of Induftry it is ftated that the govérs nors have liquidated nearly 200ol. of their debt during tne three laft years, and that the poor rates have been reduced from fix. thil- linggs Gibbs, of the Newe- Warwick, Mr. near Shrewlbury, Mr, — lh 1805.) Herefordfrire~-Gloucefterfhire—Oxfordpire, Se. lings to three fhillings in the pound un- der the head of law expences, the favings have been very great, and the governors re- peat their defire, that the parith officers will fettle all differences with diftant parifhes, if pofiible, in a friendly liberal manner, with- out having recourfe to litigation. Married.| At Droitwich, Richard Budd Vincent, efq. late commander of the Arrow floop, to Mifs Philippa Norbury, youngeft daughter of the late Richard N efg.—Mr, Trehearn, carrier, to Mifs Wagftaff. Died.| At Bromefberrow, Mifs Sarah Webb, youngeft daughter of Thomas W. efq. At Shelfley, James Moore, efq. 64. At Worcefter, Mr. George Lewis, book. feller.—Mrs, Morgan, widow of Mr. Tho- mas M. draper, of Bromfgrove, and who for- merly kept a refpeftable feminary in that town.— wir. Charles Tearne, of the Tyth- ing, 84.—Mifs Mary Clifton, third daughter of Mr. John C. deputy regiftrar of the dio- cefe, 18.—Mrs. Whitaker, widow of Mr. W. who formerly kept the Rein Deer inn. HEREFORDSHIRE. The national Board of Agriculture has voted one hundred pounds, in filver plate or money, to the Rev. Mr. Duncumb, of He- reford, for writing a Survey of the prefent State of Agriculture in Herefordfhire, with Means prupofed for its improvement. The work is expected to be publifhed immediately, woder the authority of the Board. Married.| At Orleton, Mr. G. Yeld, of Milton, to Mifs Hill, of Portway, near Or- leton. At Eardifland, Mr. Charles Hayward, an eminent farmer, to Mifs Davis, At Eardifley, Mr. W. Powell, ofthe Field, to Mifs Weal. Died.| At Leominfter, Mifs Mary Davies, niece to the late Mrs. Helme, who formerly kept a reputable boarding fchool for young ladies in that town, 56. At. Exmouth, in Devonfhire, Richard Au- brey Wynne, efq. eldeft fon of Gabriel W. efq. of Clehonger, in this county. This amiable young man, by the foundnefs of his underfanding and the fuavity of his man- gers, liad endeared himfelf to a numerous circle of friends and acquaintance, whena confumptive attack difappointed the flatter. ing hopes they had formed, and terminated a life of the faireft promife befure he had com- pleted his twentieth year. - . At Brinfop Court, Mrs. Tomkins, relict of the late Mr. T. of Welington, 87. At Rofs, Mr. Cook, maftzr of the Blue- oat {chool eftablifhed there. GLOUCESTERSHIRE. Married.) At Tewkelbury, Mr. John Jen- kins, to Mifs Bullock, of Walton Cardiff. At Horfley, Mr, Harris, clothier, to Mifs Sufannah Lock, both of Nailfworth.—Mr. , Edward Barnard, of Beech Cottage, to Mifs Heskins, daughter of Mr. H, fen, clothier, _—@f Nailfworth, ’ 2 3G} At Avening, Mr, T. Blackwell, of Foref® ‘Green, to Mifs Prifcilla Warner. At Wotton under Edge, Mr. S. Hamblin, to Mifs Woolwright, of she White Lion inn. Mr. Dyer, builder, of Nailfworth, to Mrs. Miller, widow of George M. efg of Woo- zieworth. At Durfley, Mr. E. Millard, to Mifs R. Doddrell. At Berkeley, Mr. Robert Pearce, mer- chant, to Mifs Spillman, daughter of the late Mr. George S. cheefe-faétor, At Newnham, Mr C. F. Davis, of Eaft- ington, toMifs E.M. Chinn, _ At Cirencefter, Benjamin Davis, efg. of Sheepfeomb, to Mifs Worme. At Gloucefter, Mr. Penley, of Nymphs- field, to Mifs Harrifon, of Woodchetter. Died.] At Gloucefter, Mr. ‘Thomas Price, attoracy —Mrs Driver, wife of Mr. D. hair- drefler —Mifs Ann Gorges, fifth daughter of the late Richard G. efq of Eyre Court, He- refordfhire. At Quedgley Cottage, near Gloucetter, Mr. Thom.s Turner. At Stroud, Mrs. Rudge, wife of Mr. R. grocer. OXFORDSHIRE. Married] At Oxford, Mr. Wm. Seal, maf- ter of Goodwin’s coffee houfe, to Mifs Mary Tuckey, youngeft daughter of the late Mr. T. of Standlake. Died] At Oxford, Mrs. Lowry, reli@ of the Rev. Mr. L. 88.—Mifs Ann Honor, fe- cond daughter of the late Mr. John H. peul- terer, 23.—Mrs. Mary Bennett, wife of Mr. Ralph B. 67.—Mifs Hannah Saunders, daugh- ter of Mr, Thomas S, butcher, 16.—Mr. William Bartlett, late of Newnham, Glou- cefterfhire, $1.—-Mr. William Cooper, livery- ftable keeper, 44-—Mr. J. Walker, cooper, 58-—The Rev. William Fothergill, D. D. reGtor of Charlton upon Otmore, and vicar of Steventon, Berks. At Entham, Mr. James Prefton, an epu- lent farmer, 51. At Henley, Mr. William Cook, upwards of twenty years proprietor of ftage waggons from that place, 52. At Baldon Houfe, Mrs. Ann Barlow, 84. BEDFORDSHIRE, 7 From a# ftatement of the fituation of the Bedford Infirmary, it appears that the num- ber of patients admitted from the Jaft general meeting, Sept. 8, 1304, to July 13, 1805, is 1283 which, with 35 on the books at the former period, makesa total of 163. Of thefe 34 have been difcharged cured, 22 re~ lieved, 6 incurable, 3 irregular, 6 at theic own requeft; 5 have died; 20 remain in- patients inthe houfe, and 17 out patients on the books, The donations during the above period, amounting to 88ol. 4s, id. though ample, are not fufficient to meet all the de- mands. The balance on the laft inftalment dueto Mr. Wing, upon his original contraé, amounting, with intereft, to 466]. remains unpaid, Provifion for its difcharge mutt be 192 made, and from an infpe&tion of the accounts It appears. that no refource prefents itfelf but the faie of all the funds belonging to the Infirmary which can be fo difpofed of Died.| At Bedford, the Rev. James Palmer, reétor of Lidgate, Norfolk, and of Borough Green, Cambridgefhire. At Potton, Mr. Samuel Luke, formerly an eminent attorney, but who had declined practice many years; he was a liberal bene- fa&icr to the poor. At 4mpthill, Mr. Allen, who had been in the fervice of the family of Lord Offory upwaras of 60 years. He was handling a horfe inthe ftables there, when he received a kick on the breaft which in a fhort time caufed the termination of his long and meri- torious life. Hehad retired from Lord Offo- ry’s fervice as head-groom, but, from long habit and attachment, ufually attended the ftables wher his health and ftrength permit- ted. He was above 80 years of age, and was a rare inftance of fidelity, capacity, and a conftant attention to his duty. NORTHAMPTONSHIRE, The annual meeting of the Northampton Horticultural Society was held on the 15th of Auguft, when the prizes were adjudged as follows: the firft carnation prize to Mr, Yeo- manfon, of Lricefter ; the fecond ditto to Mr. Hefter, of Leicefter; and the third ditto to Mr. Woolfe, of Leicefter: the prize for the feedling carnation to Mr. Yeomanfon 3; the prize for the beft Havoured melon to Mr. E, Perkins, of Northampton; and that for the heavieftgoofeberry, which weighed 16dwt. a6grs. to Mr. Hetter, of Leicefter. Died.] At Yelvertoft, Mr. Robert Mate thew, grazier, and manufa¢turer of tammies, Se: At Nether Hyford, Mr. William Jones, 34 years mafter of the free-fchool at that place, 56. At Wakerley, Mr. John Limming, fhoe- maker, 75. CAMBRIDGESHIRE. A fea-mew, or fea-gull, the Jarus canus of Linnzus, lately died in the garden belonging to Addenbrocke’s Hofpital, at Cambridge, after having lived there fixteen years. It was fuppofed, from the colour of his plu- mage, that he was not lefs than two or three years old when firft put into that garden. Another remainsalive, which has been there nine years. Married} At Little Granfden, the Rev. Richard Riley, fellow of St. John’s College, and rector of Marwood, Devonfhire, to Mifs Gower, only daughter of the late Benjamin G. of Cobham, Surry. At Cambridge, Mr. Chriftopher Scott, to Mifs Barber. Died.} At Chefterton, Mr. Thomas Dales, many years a refpe@table linea-araper in Cambridge. At Cambridge, Mr. W. F, Edwards, one Northamptonfbire—Cambridgefbire—Nor folk. [Sept. i; of the fcholars of Trinity College, and eld- eft fon of John E. Efg. of Black Heath, Kent, 20.—Mrs. Rebecca Goud, who for- merly kept the Dog and Duck, near Great St. Mary’s Church, 87.—The Rev. Daniel Bayley, B.D. fellow and dean of St. John’s College, and vicar of Madingley. At Wifbech, Mr. William Fellows, hat- ter.—Mifs Juliana Curtis, youngeft daughter of Mr. John C. cabinet maker, 16.—Mr. Jo~ feph Nixon, wheelwright At Ely, Mr. Thomas Hatterfley, formerly one of the vergers of chat cathedral, clerk of the works, and bailiff to the dean and chap- ter. NORFOLK. Married.| W.# C. Benejet, efq. of the royal artillery, to Mifs Nelfon, daughter of the late Rev. William N, of Frantham. At Norwich, Mr. Sampfon, to Mifs S. Lindoe.—Mr. John Bale, of Ramfyate, Kent, to Mifs Wetherhead, daughter of the late Rev. William W. of Weft Newton.—Mr. Parker, haberdafher, to Mifs Jamefon, of Royfton.—Mr. F. Metcalf, to Mifs S. Sexton. — Mr. Jofeph Redgreave, of South Creak, to Mifs Mary Browne. Mr. John Barham, of Wymondham, to Mifs H. Kerrifin, only daughter of Mr. Noah K. of Hackford. At Mundfley next the Sea, Mr. Mackie, of Hartford-road, Lakenham, to Mifs Gel- dart. At Wymondham, Charles Gibbs, efq. to Mifs Ranfome. Mr. James Crawforth, furgeon, of Lynn, to Mifs Maclane, daughter of Mr. M. far- mer, of Weftwick. Mr. William Forefter, wine-merchant, of Weils, to Mifs Moore, of Warham. Died.} At Lynn, Mrs. Harwood, wife of Mr. Al. attorney.—Mrs. Dixon, reliét of Mr. Robert D. an eminent grazier. At Difs, Mr. Samuel Holmes, jun, bra- zier, At Little Ellingham, Mrs, Leath, wife of Mr. Cook L. farmer. At Fouliham, Mrs, Gunton, wife of Mr. G. plumber and glazier. At Creak Abbey, Mrs. Blyth, 67. Mr. James Coldham, of Caius College, Cambridge, eldeft fon of James C. efq. of Anmer, 20. Bathing in the fea near Hea- cham, he was unfortunately drowned. He was a young man of unfpotted purity of mind and manhers, At North Walfham, Mr. Robert Newftead, glazier. At Park Houfe, Boxley, Henry Goodwyn, efq. of Tring, 92. At Coltifhall, Mrs. Browne, wife of Mr. Robert B. At Wells, Mifs Elizabeth Haycock, daughe ter of the late Mr. John H. ! At North Repps, Richard Plumbley, gent. enfign in the Cromer Battery Volun- teers, 26. at 1805.} At Melton, near Cromer, Mr. John Critopp, farmer: At North Pickenham, Barber, 78. At Norwich, Mr. Mordecai Rivers Drake, governor of the Great Hofpital.—Mrs. Ruth- brooke, 64.—Mr. Thomas Moore, formerly a coal-merchant, 68.—Mr. Alles, tailor — Mrs. Elizabeth Heaies, 77.—Mr. Hagon, of the Ship public-houfe. — Suddenly, Mis. Taylor, wife of Mr, T. fhoemaker. At Rudham Grange, fuddenly, Major Ed- ward Drofier, of the royal artillery, fon of Mr. D. of that place. The Rev. T. H. D. Hofte, fellow of Tri- nity College, Cambridge, and eldeft fon of the Rev. Daniel H. of Godwick-hall. On the read from Nerwich to Yarmouth, Mr, Wiiliam Robfon Baker, filk-weaver, of Wood-ftreet, Cheapfide, London. He was riding at full fpeed, when a cow ran out of the lane by the Hermitage near Acle, and fuddenly croffing the road, came in contaét with the horfe of Mr. B. who was thrown over the cow’s back, and pitching on his head, was killed on the fpot. It is a remarkable faét, that on the fame morning he received a letter from his wife, to whom he had been Married but a few months, containing a paf- faze to this effect :—** For God's fake, Ba- ker, take care of your horfe, forI have had a frightful dream about you.” Mrs. Nelfon, wife of Mr. Orby Nelfon, of Eaft Dereham, 42; and two days afterwards, whilft purfuing his daily avocation of fuperin- tending his farm, fuddenly, Thomas Nelfon, gent. of the fame place, and brother-in law of the above Mrs. N. 52. He lived deferv- edly refpefted by all ranks of fociety, and his fudden death has occafioned deep regret among his relatives, and a numevous refpeét. able circle of acquaintance. SUFFOLK. Married.| At Great Saxham, J.W. Hicks, efq. of Bath, to Mifs Mills, the was in the fame month, 1802. The wind has been variable, but moft frequent in the Weft and South Weft. The tollowing is an account of a meteor obferved on Sunday evening, the 21ft of July, by e gentleman as he pafled along the Strand: ‘I ftopped (fayshe) at the door of the Crown and Anchor, the vacant {pace beiore it offering a confiderable view of the heavens, at that time {plendid with ftars; 1 was looking with attention towards the N.W. when fud- denly a meteor from about 35° of height, fhot fromthe W. by N. It was apparently about the fize of a tennis ball, perhaps hardly fo large, it was followed by a ftream of light which feemed in fpecks, the length of the train was about a degree, that is about twice the appa-~ rent diameter of the moon. Its courfe was from North of Weft towards the North, paiing about 35° above the horizon. Its motion was majeftic, but by no means rapid, 1 am ture it was full ten feconds in motion, the light not fo piercing as that of a ftar of the firft magni- tude, but it exceeded that of the fecond, with which I had full oppurtunity of comparing it. It ran through 30° of the heavens, defcribing an arch of great diameter, its path was con- vex above, and declining downwards. The extinétion of it was at an altitude of about 25° having fallen certainly not more than 10°, Ido notthink fomuch. It very vifibly flopped before it wasextinguifhed, It burft at laft with very few fparks, and its train and itfelf toge- ther difappeared ina moment. I had perfect leifure and {pace to obferve its whole courte, it expired below the fecond pointer of the Great Bear, I inftantly drew out my watch, and comparing it this morning with the clock of St. Paul’s Cathedral, it was exactly at thirty-one minutes after cleven that I obferved the end of the phenomenon. y A TABLE of the right Afcenfion and Declination of Ceres and Pallas, tor September. Ceres. PALLAS. AR. Decl. N. AR. Decl. S, h mis Py h mi s Ray 1895 Sept. 2 6 39 52 22-19 4 39 32 8 27 5 6.02458 22° a8 4 42 48 Sie % 6 28 20 22 24 4 46 16 9 53 M1 6 32 24 22 28 4 49 36 Io 39 14 6 36 24 22 31 4 52 48 ur 26 17 6 46 20 22 34 4 55 52 12 45 20 6 44 8 22 38 4 538 44 EPS 23 6 47 48 22 qi @ 1.24 13° (57 26 6 51 28 22 44 (ee warts aera 29 6 54 56 22 45 5 6 16 1g 45 J + 4, , f i ‘ , c ms 4 a ae ONTHLY MAGAZINE. ———— No. 134. | OCTOBER 1, 1805. > [3, of Vox. 20, ORIGINAL COMMUNICATIONS. For the Monthly Magazine. A COMMERCiaL accounr of the PoRT of TONNINGEN, by MR, NEMNICH, of HAMBURGH. IEMANN, in his Manual of the Geography of Slefwick Holftein, recites what has been commemorated by his predeceflors, relative to Tonningen, which he continues down to the year 1799. . Some later accounts are. to be found in the fame author’s Provincial Notices. \ A few years ago, a narration of travels ‘through various parts of that dutchy was publifhed in the Danifh language; I ‘be- lieve the anthor’s name was Wedel, but I do not remember that it contains any materia) addition towhat had been faid by Niemann, nor has any account of Tunnin- gen, fince the blockade of the Elbe, fallen in my way, or in that of any of my friends there, except a Picture of Tonningen in the Fournal of the Elegant World, tor the x2th of January, 1805. But a mere pic- ture does not anfwer the purpofe I have in view. ‘The following particulars were colleéted during a refidence there in April lait, 1805. A lift of charts and plans of Tonningen and the Eider, I fhall give, if thought de- firable. i The proper name of this place in Ger. man, is now Tonning. In more remote periods, it was called Tonningen ;.and fo it is ftill named by foreign nations ; but in Germany and Denmark this denomina- tion is confidered improper. _. The name of Tonningen is generally fuppofed to be derived from Tone; but for this etymon no one can affign a fuf- ‘ficient reafon; probably, however, this _word alludes to the tonne, cr buoys, with which the place is amply provided. Tonningen, the capita! of the province of Eiderftedt, is fituatced on the right bank of the river Eider, fix German miles from its mouth. It cannot be faid to ftand on a hill, as Niemann afferts: fome of the houfes indeed are built upon the dyke, but the reft occupy a flat marthy plain, Tt is two German miles from Hulum, one Monruzy Mac, No. 134. “tracts, and a half from Fridrichsftadt, and one from Garding, Tr poffcfles neither any beautiful fpots nor even.a promenade. ~The finall cattle. {quare is rarely vifi ed by the principal in- habitants, the naked banks of the river offer no interefting profpeéts, nor can the eye find any object of amulement to paufe on, except the varicus and ever-changing {cenery of the fhipping. The atmofphere is humid, cold, and very incon iant; frefh fea breezes, how- ever, prevent many diforders, but the nights are raw, and a pleafant {ummer evening a rarity. Colds, and other diforders arifing from them, are very prevalent; but, except thefe, there are few inftances of itrangers who continue to refide here any length of time, being ill, It is otherwife in the furrounding country, which is {ubjeé& to the fatal marfh-ficknefS, as it is called, or the intermitient fever, To Juch com- plaints pe:fons are liable who come from the high lands to work at harvefi in the marfhes. ,Thefe hungry ftrangers genes rally feaft veracioufly on the fubfantial and heavy food of the low lands, and to this caufe the above-mentioned diforders are attributed. They are however very rare. Since the blockade of the Elbe thefe folid kinds of food are varied with many lighter {pecies of provifions. To fupply the pre~ fent increaied luxury of the place, they are brought thither from all parts, The beef is incomparably better than before the blockade; till then it ufed to be fent to Hamburgh, and the country was deprived of it. The water for drinking is. very bad, nor are there any fprings in thefé marfhy Rain-water, however, is collefled in cifterns by almoft all the inhabitants from the roofs of their houles. ‘ On the 13th of February, 1803, when the lait cenfus was taken, the population amounted to. 1924, but fince the blockade of the Elbe the number has increafed to at leaft 4000; 4 ; What Tonningen was previdus to the Cc blockade © WF or oa * 202 blockade of the Elbe, or up to the fummer of 1803, may be feen in the writers above mentioned. Almoft the whole of, what follows. is to be underftood as fubfequent to that period. Niemann fays the river is one hundred and fifty feet broad at Tonningen; but this muk be an error of the prefs; the true breadth appears to be about as many fathoms. / The Eider is well furnifhed with buoys and beacons, and, except when the ice or heavy ftorme prevent, feveral pilot boats are conftartly cruifing near its mouth to bring in fuch fhips as have no Helgoland pilots on board. The Danifh government have it in agitation to keep a galiot of pi- Jots (which is alfo to be fitted as a beacon- fnip) lying. before the mouth ot the river, ‘Mr. Lexow, the fhip-builder, has already, at their requeft, fent in a plan and feétion for the purpofe. If this project be com- pleted, of which no one entertainsa doubt, it will be of the higheft utility to com. merce. In former years, fhips drawing nineteen feet water, have come here without impe- diment ; but there are banks in the Eider, which render it imprudent for thips fo deeply laden to fail up that river. Neither 4s the bottom permanent; for, as it con- fits partly of quickfands, it frequently fhifts in confequence of ftorms or the breaking up of the ice. The harbour might have been called fpacious till the year 1803 5 but fubfe- quent to that period, it can no longer be fo charaéterized. Since the blockade of the Elbe, no fhip that draws more than ten feet water is fuffered.te enter the har- bour, to avoid impeding the paflage. Larger fhips are obliged to lie at anchor off fhore in vrinter, and in the river in _ fummer. The road is perfeétly fecure. Former- ly. fmal! yeffels, during a continuance of fiorms from the weflward, went half a mile up; but now large fhips lie in per- fe& {ecurity in the river, and are not — ebliged to.run up fo high. All fhips are, .if poflible, unloaded im- mediately after their arrival; but as it fometimes happens that too many arrive together, for the cuftom-houfe officers to difpatch atonce, the unloading of fome of them is neceffarily poftponed for a few days. In thefe cafes, fhips loaded with fruit, or bringing manufactured goods for the fairs, have the preference. In the harbour order is preferved by an officer called the harbour-mafter, and in the river by the commandant ef the guard. a ee eee Account of the Port of Tonningen, by Mr. Nemnich. oa. i fhip, which hag been ftationed here fince Jaft year. ‘ Even were the watten{abrt (the paflage . of goods coaftwife, to Hamburg over the Shallows, in fmall veflels) not permitted, there could never come any quantity of merchandizé but what might be prefently forwarded ; for there are many good land- ing places on thé Eider above Tonningen, to which they might be conveyed, in fmalk craft in order to be fent cnward. The Hamburg Infurance Company have an agent at Tonningen, who, in cafe of accident, gives every poffible affiflance, and takes care of the interefts of his em- ployers. Their prefent agent is the above- mentioned Mr. Lexow, a moft aétive and intelligent man. By his means laft (pring, when the Eider was frozen up, the buoys were broucht overland and carried ouf to fea in {mall craft off Vollerwyk ; in confe- quence of which, above twenty fhips came to that place, before the ice broke up in the Eider ; and afterwards, finding the river tardy in opening, he caufed the ice a be removed from a confiderable portion of if. At Vollerwyk, fhips can come to land almoft throughout the winter; at that time they are laid along fhore, and, if they do not draw too much water, are pretty fafe during the breaking of the ice: be- low Vollerwyk, the Eider does not entirely freeze up. ‘ ; The placing of the buoys is regulated by the board of overfeers of the channel at Rendfburg, as alfo the appointment and regulation of the pilots from that place to Fonningen and the neighbeuring parts. ' The town of Tonningen ufed formerly to levy a contribution, called buoy and beacon money, according to a certain re- gulation ; but, after the channel was open- ed, the king of Denmark purchafed this right from the city for 10,000 rix-dollars. Hence this tax is now levied by the of- ficers of the crown in lieu of thofe formerly appointed by the city. In the year 1804, its produce amounted to 14,000 rix dollars. ; In the fame year the whole produce of the cuftoms was 202,000 rix-dollars, whereas, previous to the blockade of the Elbe, they only amounted annually to 20, OF 30,000, i The number of thips, which arrived. during that year from foreign ports, thofe of Holland excepted, was between fix and feven hundred. , In 1803, the fhipping belonging to Tonningen amounted to 297% lalts, or : 595 tolite Hi es ig ee ee i - y 22) - * me No information ; *told me that the number of veflels now 7 1€05.] Account of the Port of Tonningen, by Mr. Nemnich. 595 tons. With regard to laft year, 1804, ‘the infpector of the cuftoms could give but Mr. Lexow ah ie to this port is full thirty, though not, indeed, all of them large thips. Mr. Lexow owns nise, of which, fix are fhips, and two are {mall coalting-veflels. This gentleman in 1801 began to con- ftruct a confiderable flip-yard, near a pair of flips, which is called a thip-yard, by Niemann. Mr. Lexow has already built a thip according to his own ideas, called the Speculator, and carrying fi'ty latts of wheat. When J was at Tonningen, he believed her to be at Mogador. Two years before, a fhip-owner, named Henning Dubhr, launched a finall veffel of eighty tons burden, called the Jungfer Friderika, of Tonningen. ’ The fhip-yard and flips are now ufed for repairing large fhips. But hencefor- avard no more will be built, becaufe the price of labour is too high. Mr. Lexow, the factotum of Torningen, vhas alfo built a confiderable mill tor ex- twacting rape oil. The battery of Vollerwyk, ferves as a protection from delcents, enforces the Sonal interefin it, When firipped of its milreprefentations, and garbled and inter- polated quotations, his letter has 49 lite left for dreply, that my remarks upon it will be in no danger-of tretpafliog upon your indulgence. The intrinfe excellence of our ecclefi- aftical coniiitution was no part whatever of my confideration; and if Clericus choofes to aflume its fuperiority, in doc- trine and difcipline, to all other Chriftign churches, and the divine authority of its whole hierarchy, fron Bifhops down to Minor Canons, I certainly fhall not enter the lifts againft him. The fole point of my difcufiion was a fuppofition Rarted by certain periodical critics, that the {pread of Methodifm would finally endanger the ex, iftence of the Church of England, by de> taching from it the mafs of its prefent fupporters. Admitting by hypothefis the fact of fuch a future defection, I attempt. ed to thew that there would remaina (uf- ficiency of {upport, from waildly and poli- tical caufes, to prevent its fall; and not one of the arguments I have adduced on this head is controverted by my opponent. To any one acquainted with the rules of reafoningI may confidently appeal, again his charge of vilifying the Englith church by a fuppofition which I hive merely adopted from another; nor has he any right to, reprefent. me as regarding the church in the light of a mere political ma- chine, when I argue, that, were it even to become fuch in common eltimation, it -would ftill- be able to maintain itfelf by means of its connexion with the flare, ‘In truth, there are few fubjedts more cu- rious and important than the nature and operation oe religious eftablithments, which may be confidered: perfectly apart from the influence of religion itfelf, or the authority on which they claim to be founded. But invelligations of this kind demand a portion of the philolophical {pi- — vit which is not likely to fall to the thare of an interefled zealot. Were the topic thought fit for further difeuffion in your Milceilany, I thould not decline a re-con- fideration, of the arguments I have pro- duced ; but I thould think it a wate of time to pay any more attention te angry’ declamation and illogical reafoning. Wivh refpedct to the imperious call which § Clericus’’ has made vpon me to produce proofs 208 proofs “that any propofals have been made in the Church, or any ple> deviled by her, for perf-curing the Methodifs, or any other Diffenters,” I might content my felf with fayiog, that no aflertion of the Kind‘is to be found: in my. letter, which only hints that * fome zealots feem defi- rous of urging the Church to fuch a mea- dure.” But I do not feruple to afirm, that one who does not difcern a marked tendency to intolerance in the writings and actions of feveral of the prefent clergy (and fome of no mean rank) muft be poflef- fed either of little information or of ftrong prejudices. Your's, d&c. POLITES. Yo the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. SIR, HERE are few fpeculations more amuting, and at the {ame time, in fome degree, mortifying, than the differ- ent notions of the celebrity of individuals entertained in different ages and countries. Biographical records are full of examples of local and temporary fame, which are Joft in utter obfcurity as foon the place or period is changed; and an ihu/frifimus on one fide of a mountain or river is often reduced to zobedy on the other fide. A par graph in the * Diary of Linnzus,” publifhed by Dr. Maton, lately ftruck me as affording a remarkable inftance of this partial eftimate. It is a quotation froma certain SunM, in Hif?. Lit. A&is Nidro- Sienfibus inferta. “© OF thofe who have gained the praife of the fearned world, fix only are mentioned as immortal, the highefl appellation that.can be beftowed on philo- fophers: Galileo, Néwton, Leibnitz, Boer- haave, Linné, and Gram.’ With the firfi five names no man of reading can be unacquamied ; but whois Gram? This queition I have afked to a number of per- fons, without being able to gain the-leatt inforination of the fixthimmorial. I take it for granted that he isa German, butin what department he has acquired this. ex- traordinary celebrity I cannot guefs. If any of your readers fhould happen to be beiter informed, it would gratify. me if they would communicate their knowledge through the medium of your Magazine ; which might alfo be the means of re- {cuing the faid Gram from that death which, notwithftanding his immortality, feems in danger of overwhelming him, at Jeaft in this country. If, at the fame time, fome intelligence were given concerning Mr. Subm and the Ada Nidrofienfia, it would make an accef- fion to my knowledge, Your's, &c. IGNORAMUS, bten % ; . a ee Inquiry concerning Gram. —Cick-roach. fo. 1, To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. SIR, : PENee me, through the medium of your valuable mifce!lany, to exprefs a doubt, which fome of your learned cor- refpondents may perhaps explain. Virg. Georg. IL. 1. 499.—Inftead of the common reading, Aut doluit miferans jnopem, aut invidit hae benti, I propofe the following : : Aut doluit miferans fe inopem, aut invidit’ habenti, The fubje& of this reflection is a man refiding in the country, among whofe me- rits furely cannot be reckoned, never feel- ing for the poverty or mifery of a fellow~ creature. The-interpolation of thefe two letters greatly improves the fentiment; as, by accepting them, the “ ruris incola’” is endowed with fortitude and equanimity in adverhty, in addition to thé virtue in- cluded in the latter part of the fentence, viz. * never envying a man richer or hap- pier than himfelf.”” If you could fpare, in your next pub- lication, a {pace lufficient far the infertion of this dagatelle, you would oblige, Sir, . Your obedient Servant, ; ConaTus. Tower- Hill, Auguft 16, 1805. To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. SIR, i your laft Magazine, under the head ‘¢ Gleanings in Natural Hiftory,” are ticle Cock-roach, the queftion is put, ‘© Whence can this apparently ridiculous name be derived ?” / Tt is well known that the fame, ora fi- milar infect is as abundant, and as trou- blefome in Afia, as in America. It is alfo well known, that adiale&t of Portu- guefe is the preyailing language in moft of the maritime places of the Peninfula of India. The name of, the ififeét in that diale&t is carocha, from which our firt adventurers to the Eaft, particularly failors, might, without much. difficulty, have made cockroach. The name is ap- plied vulgarly in Portugal to the com- mon black beetle; but this, I believe, is more properly called efcaravelha, proba- bly from efcarbot, French, and all, per- haps, originally from the Latin fcara baus. : Strand, ha ops Auguft, 18056 For 1805.] To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. SIR, «6 Full many a gem ‘of pureft ray ferene The dark unfathom’d caves of ocean bear 5 Full many a flower is born to bluth unfeen, And wafte its fweetnefs on the defert air.” Gray. MONG the various phenomena of the human mind, there are not any that more excite our intereft than the de- velopment of uncommon powers of in- teliect by its own native energy ; and if it happen that the moral has kept pace with the mental progrefs, our efteem is engaged at the fame time that our admi- ration is excited. An extraordinary in- flance of this kind having lately fallen un- der my obfervation, I beg leave, through the channel of your widely-circulated Magazine, to communicate a few of the particulars to your readers, being per- iuaded that there are many whom the re- lation will interett—fome, whofe ideas of the va(t fuperiority of rank and ftation it may help to correét—and a few, perhaps, to whom it may open new fources of con- f{clation in the day of forrow and diltrefs. A few months ago a copy of verfes was put into my hands by a young woman, a friend of the writer’s, who faid the had called upon poor Charlotte Richardfon, and, finding her weeping, and writing about the death of her hufband, had taken the verfes away, for fhe thought that ftu- dying and writing made her worfe ; add- ing, ‘* But I have brought them to flew you, they are fuch pretty lines.’” Upon reading them, I was entirely of this oung woman’s opinion, that they were indeed ‘* pretty lines,” that they evinced great fenfbility of heart, a mind foftened and refined by the benign influence of ge- nuine piety, and enlarged and elevated by the hopes and promifes of the gofpel.. I was the more aftonifhed, as I had long known Charlotte Richardfon, and was perfectly afcertained, that neither the education fhe had received, nor the ftation in which fhe had fince been placed, could poflibly have fupplied her with any of the ordinary means of mental cultivation. I inquired if the had written any thing more, and a {mall manufcript book of poems was put into my hands; feveral of which hadfo much merit, not indeed as faultlefs pipers of poetry, bur as the fimple effu- ions of a very feeling and pious mind, that I determined to make a feleétion from them to publifi by fubfeription for thé author’s benefit. At firlt it was merely my intention to obtain {fub{crip- fions from a few friends ; but it being ‘Montury Mac, No. 134. * Account of Charlotte Richardfin. 209 fuggefted, that by means of your highly ufeful Magazine a wider range might perhaps be taken, I fhall fir trouble you with the autnor’s h ftorv, and afterwards fubjoin a {pecimen of her po- etry. Charlotte Richardfon was born in the city of York in March 1775, and was early diftinguifhed for her quickne{s and docility by the conductors of a Sunday- {chool, and three years afterwards, a va- canc y happening in what is denominated the Grey-coat {chool (from the uniform worn by the children), fhe was admitted into it. In this {choul the girls being th- tended for working-fervants, are kept very clofe to the worfted-wheel, the line- wheel, and to every branch of domettic occupation, and are merely taught toread the Bible, and to write, fo as to keep an ordinary account. She left the fchool in July 1790, was placed in fervice, and foon alterwards loft her mother, the only parent fhe had ever known. In her three firft fervices fhe was not well treated, and encountered many difh- culties ; but at length the writer of this article was inftrumental in recommending: her to a cook-maid’s place, where fhe re- ceived the yearly wages of four pounds in the fmall family of a widow-lady, and where her good qualities were more duly appreciated. She continued in this place fome years, during which time fhe loft her only brother. This unfortunate youth had become a cripple in confequei.ce of a, blow received in childhood : he was bound apprentice to a fhoemaker, was very cru- elly treated by his mafter, and at Jength found an afylum in the poor-houfe, where he died. Here, in the poor-houfe, he was vifited, as often as fhe could obtain Jeave of her mifirefs, by his affeftionate fitter and only friend, who unceafingly endea- voured to pour the balm of confolation op his afhicted {pirit, and to chear him and fupport herfelf by the affured hope of a happy immortality. She procured for. him whilit ke lived every little comfort the could poflibly afford, and, when he died, borrowed two guineas of her mittrefs (which were afterwards faithfully repaid), in order that he might be buried decent- ly.” During this period feveral of he little pieces were written which form a part of the intended fele€tion. Her li.” brary confifted of a Bible, a Common. prayer-book, the Whele Duty of Man, the Pilgrim’s Progrefs, «nd cone or two other books of a like defcription ; but having money fometimes given her to go to the theatre, the faved it trem time to time, a 210 Poems of Charlotte Richardfon. [O&. 15 time, and bought herfelf Gray’s Poems, Goldfmiths Poems, and the Death of Abel. In O&tober 1802 fhe married a young man of thename of Richardfon, to whom fhe had been long attached. He was a fhoemaker, and having fome little pro- perty of hisown, which enabled him to open a fhop, and it being on borh fides an union of affeftion, a gleam of profperity fhone fora while upon their humble dwel- ling : but at length the hufband was at- tacked by a confumption, and after lin- gering many months, fhe was left a wi- dow early in the year 1804, with an in- fant at the breaft of two months old.— Their little property had been confumed in his long illnefs, and fhe found herfelf once more without a relative in the world, fave the helplefs habe who in vain was caft upon its afflicted mothtr (herfelf wom down by fatigue and forrow) for its future fupport. For fome time the infant appear- ed healthy, and was in every refpect a mott lovely babe, lively and intelligent be- yond his age; but during the laf fix months he has been in a moft deplorable ftate of fuffering, owing to a complaint in his head ; and at this time he is nearly quite blind. She has begun alittle {chool ; and if the propofed fubfcription fhould prove fuccefsful, fo as to defray the ex- pence of printing, and to leave fuch a re- fidue as fhall enable her to procure affift- ance in nurfing the fick child, there is little doubt of her being able to procure a decent maintenance.* Iam, Sir, your conftant reader, CaTHARINE CAPPE. York, Augufl 12, 1805. SPECIMENS of the POEMS of CHARLOTTE RICHARDSON. THE INQUIRY. WRITTEN IN 1800 3 ADDRESSED TO A FRIEND OF THE AUTHOR’S. WHEN late you afk’d, ‘* Where do your parents dwell >” Unconfcious of the pain your queftion gave— For ftillthis heart with agony will fwell When Memory whifpers, they are in the grave low — * We underftand that this interefting fe- Jeétion will make its appearance as foon as a Sufficient number of fubfcriptions are receiv- ed at acrown each to defray the expence of printing, and that they will be received by Mr. Johnion, St. Paui’s Church-yard, and Mr. Hatchard, Piccadilly. ‘© T have no parents,” fadly I reply’d (Whilft down my cheek th” unbidden tear would flow), ‘¢ Nor am I by the ties of blood ally’d © To one kind being inthis world below !"° A tender father’s care Inever knew: One only parent bleft my early years : Beneath a mother’s foftering care I grew From infancy to youth, devoid of fears! Unknown to me was every caufe of grief, No anxious thoughts my happy mind dif- treft, Health and content ftill bloom’d upon my cheek, nil And cheerfulnefs dwelt ever in my breaft, To youthful minds each objeé& gives delights. ‘The world prefents unnumber’d charms'to view 3 And fancy’d pleafures eagerly invite,— Yet oft in vain the phantom we purfue ! Scarce had I enter’d on the world’s wide ftage, Elate with youth’s gay hopes of promis’é blifs, When foon a different fcene my thoughts en- Bage, And into forrow turn’d my happinefs. For ah ! difeafe had fix’d its fatal dart Within that breaft far dearer than my own 3 And vain, alas ! were all th’ attempts of art To fave the deftin’d victim from the tomb [ Though many a year has run its circling round Since my lov’d parent was to duft confign’d, Yet in my heart her image ftill is found,— Still lives the Mother in her Daughter’s mind ! One tender tie remain’d,—a brother dear !—— But he, alas! Misfortune’s vi€tim prov’d 5 And oft have I conceal’d the falling tear, Left it fhould wound the bofom which I lov’d! Chill penury and ficknefs were his lot, Yet was he to his Maker's will refignd, And all his wants and fuff'rings were forgot Whene’er he thought upon his Saviour kind. He view’d th’ approach of death with joyful eyes, And often ftrove my heavy heart to cheer: *¢ Soon,’” faid th® expiring Saint, ‘* I reach the fkies, ‘6 And, O my Sifter! let me meet thee there,” - —Forgive thefe tears '—-My Mary, you have known Thofe agonizing pangs that pierce the heart ; You, too, have wept o’er a lov’d Parent’s tomb, And felt whag ’tis from thofe we love to part ! Now 1803.] Now on the world’s bleak wafte I ftand alone,— An unproteéted orphan I am left 5 To me the names of kindred are unknown,~=— Of eachendearing comfort I’m bereft. Yet though a tender forrow fills my breaft, I forrow not as thofe who have no hope 3 For to that God who gives the weary reft, With humble confidence I dare look up. I know my Heav’nly Father, good and kind, Will not without a caufe his children grieve ; His promifes fupport and cheer my mind, And couatlefs mercies I from him receive. TO MY INFANT ASLEEP. 1804. SLEEP on, fweet Babe! for thou canft fleep ; No forrows rend thy peaceful breaft : Thy penfive Mother wakes to weep, Depriv’d by grief of balmy reft ! May Angels watch around thy bed, Thee fafe from ev’ry ill defend 5 May Heav’n unnumber’d bleflings fhed, And be thy never- failing friend ! Sleep on, fleep on, my Baby dear ! Thy little heart, from forrow free, Knows not the anxious pangs that tear Thy Mothers breaft, {weet Babe{ for thee. Soft be thy flumbers, Sorrow’s child $ Serene and tranquil be thy reft ; Oft have thy {miles my pains beguil’d, And footh’d my agitated breaft ! Thine infant tongue has never known A Father’s name, nor can thine eyes Recal to mind the graceful form That low in Death’s embraces lies ! But I in thee delight to trace That form fo tenderly belov’d ! To piéture in thy {miling face His image, far from earth remov'd ! His pious cares thou canft not fhare, Nor can he guide thy tender youth, Or guard thee from each hurtful fnare, Or lead thee in the paths of truch! The fad yet pleafing tafk be mine, ~ To virtue’s ways thy mind to form, To point thee to thofe truths divine, Which in the Gofpel are made known ! With Reafon’s dawn thou fhalt be taughe Thy Father’s God betimes to know 3 The wonders he for vs hath wrought Shall be thy Mother’s tafk to fhew. Each rifing and each fetting Sun Thy little hands in pray’r fhall raife, And early thal] thine infant tongue Bg taughs to lifp thy Maker's praife ! Epigrams, Fragments, Se. from the Greek. 211 For the Monthly Magazine. EPIGRAMS, FRAGMENTS, and FUGIe TIVE PIECES, from the GREEK.— (Continued from page 126 of our laf Number.) FEW fragments of the writings of Stefichorus* are preferved to us b the old Greek collegtors, but none of fut. ficient confequence to enab'e us to judge how far he deferved the praife of affinity ‘to Homer which is beftowed on him by the author of the poem laft quoted. Of Alczeus I fhall probably find occafion to {peak hereafter. Anacreon and Pindar are too well known to the Englifh reader - to need in this place any account of them- felves or any illuftrations from their works. But the firft, after Alcman, whofe de+ votion to love particularly.claims our nos tice in this place, is Sappho, the poetefs of Mytilene.t Her character has been the fubject of fo much coniroverfy, that it may feem impoflible to allege any new ars gument to refcue it from the abhorrence with which her feppofed irregularities have loaded her name. Yet we may be betier inclined to liften to what has been faid in her vindication, when it is confie dered that feme of the fables recorded of her are full of the molt palpable abfurdi- ties and anachroniims. At leaft, when wer are told by grave authors that Anacreon, Archilocnus, and Hipponax, were among her gallants, we may be difpofed to hefitate in admitting’ every other ftory that has been circulated to her prejudice. The exifterce of an- other Sappho, a native of Ereffus, of ine famous character, may explain away fome of thefe inconfftencies ; and we may, I fhould imagine, without being called dife ¢urteous, transfer to a proftitute who has been dead for 2500 years the calumnies which have been injurioufly levelled againit the fame of an exalced Ipirit that wili live for ever. With regard to her love for Phaon, it is not furpriiing that a woman of fo ar- dent an imagination as our poetels fhould be hurried away by the violence of paf- fion to aconduct generally reputed irre- gular and difgraceful ; and as fhe foared above her fex in the wonderful endow- * Stefichorus was born at Himera, in Si- cily, and flourifhed apout 556 ycars B. C.— He is celebrated as the inventor of the Epi- thalamium. Hedied at the advanced age of 85 at Catana. ] a Flor Olymp. 42. Dda ments 212 ments of her mind, fo perhaps it is hardly fair to judge her by the common ftandard of female propriety.* On thefe grounds we may admit the probability and palliate the extravagance of this unfortunate at- tachment ; but I think it impoffible to al- Jow, without unqueitionable proofs, the utter depravity of a foul fo noble. The remonttrances which Sappho made to her brother Charaxus ona difgraceful and ruinous conneéfion he had formed with an Egyptian courtezan, are ftrongly demonttrative of the ftrength of her affec- fion forhim, and of the purity of her own heart and underftanding. It is cuftomary with thofe who take an unnatural delight “in blackening the human charaer, te dwell on aéts of hypocrily and duplicity, and to reprefent it as a common thing in men to conceal in themfelves, by feverely yeprehending in others, the very vices to which they are con{cious of being mott addiéted. But whatever we may read or hear of fuch men, they are (to the honour of our nature) very feldom to be met with in real life, e{pecially among thofe whofe minds have been enlarged by |:beral pur- fuits, or whofe hearts are expanded by the powers of their fancy and the warmth of their imagination. Sappho is all fire and enthofiafm : her whole fiu) is breathed out in_every firain fhe fings. She calls on Venus herfelf to adminilter wine to her affociates, and thus addrefics the heavenly cup- bearer : "EAGE, Kuret, xeureaiciv, &c. Come, fmiling Venus! hand around The golden cup with neétar crown’d 5 Prefent thy goblet from above To all who have the funl to love ;— Come—and the draught thy hands fupply Infpire with thy divinity. Ts it poffible that fuch a woman was a hypocrite, cr that, while fhe was reprov- ing the vice and fo!ly of a beloved brother, fhe was con{cious to herfelf of being the moft diffulute and abandoned of her fex ? I am not aware of any author earlier than the Auguiftan age who alludes to thofe in. famous ftories which the writings of Ovid have circulated to’ her prejudice. «Mutt the character of this divine poetefs be loaded with every fpecies of obloquy and reproach on_fo flight a fuundation as the weak fancy of a profligate Roman ? * Ictis thus, ina little fragment, fhe de- fcribes her own mind, and the influence that paffion had acquired over it ;— * My foul was formed for love’s delight 5 Yet,. fuch is my unhappy fate, The flame which burns fo glorious bright Is {pent upona proud ingrate, Epigrams, Fragments, &c. from the Greek. [Od. t, On the fame authority (and on that, 1 believe, alone) has the perfon of Sappho been injuriovfly ftigmatized. Let us fee what a Grecian poet fays of her pictures which may at leaft be fufficient to coun- terbalance the other : "AuTn cot TAaceten ducts, DEMOCHARIS. Whoe’er he was whofe art this pifture plann’d, Twas plaftic Nature led his fkilful hand. The glittering moifture of the eye is feen— As if the power of Fancy dwelt within ; The warm carnation of the features glows — With Nature’s rofes—fhines with Nature's faows, While the bright fmiles and lips ne@tareous dews Tremble with Love and gliften with the Mofe. Of the fublime ode preferved by Longi- nus, Ambrole Philips’s beautiful tranfla, tion will never be equalled by any future atteinpts. Yet it has been very juftly ob- ferved, that that exquilfite little poem fails in giving an adequate idea of the fire of the original. Tiere is as much difference between them as between the foul of Sap- pho and that of a tender European lover. I will therefore ven:ure to prefent a tran{= Jation which appears to me more literal, retaining the four firft lines of Philips, which it feems impoffible to render more exactly.* Daiveras prot xivog 10g Oeorzive £¢ Bleft as th’ immortal Gods is he, The youth who fondly fits by thee, And hears and fees thee all the while Softly fpeak and {wectly {mile ” *Tis this has fet my heart on fire, And thrill’d my bofom with defire; For when I fee thy form arife, All voice and found that inftant dies 5 My trembling tongue has loft its pow’r $ Slow fubtle fires my fkin devour 5 My fight is fled ; around me fwim Low aizzy murmurs; every limb Cold creeping dews o’eripread ; I feel A thivering tremor o'er: me fteal 5 Paler than grafs I grow 5 my breath Pants in fhort gafps 3 I feem like death. I will conclude thefe obfervations on the Mytilenian poetefs with the following’ epigram : "ENGETE mpog TEpLE206. Come, Lefbian Maids, to Juro’s royal dome, With fteps that hardly prefs the pavement, come ; * I do not mean that even thefe are faith- ful reprefentations of the Greek; but the particular force of the expreflions pus évavriow woot and the yerdic ieedey abfolutely bale all attempts at imitation. Let eee ee 1805.] Let your own Sappho lead the lovely choir, And to the altar bear her golden lyre. Then firft in graceful order flow advance, And weave the mazes of the holy dance, While, plac’d on high, the heav’n-wrapt Maid fhall pour - Such ftrains that men fhall wonder and adore. Such were the bards to whom the foun- dation of amorous poetry among the Greeks may be afcribed. It would lead us into digreffions much too far remdved from the detign of the prefent treatife to continue our obfervations through the other poets of antiquity who dedicated their talents to tne fame fafcinating pur- fuit ; but it may vot amifs to introduce, after the {pecimen I have given of lyrical poems, one of aditterent ipecies of com- pofition, by way ot variety. It is among the Paitorals of Bion. “Eomepe, Ta¢ Eparas yeuceov paos "Adgoyeverac. Mild Star of Eve, whofe tranquil beams Are grateful to the Queen of Love ;— Sweet Planet, whofe ettulgence gleams More bright than all the Pow’rs above, And only to the Moon’s clear Jight Vields the firft honours of thenight ; Allhail, thou foft, thou holy Star, Fair glory of the midnight fky ! And when my fteps are wandering far, Leading the fhepherd minftrelfy, Then if the Moon deny her ray, Oh light me, Hefper, on my way ! No favage robber uf the dark, No foul affuilin, claims thy aid To point hisdagger to its mark, Or guide him in his plund’ring trade.— My gentler errand is to prove The cranfports of requited love. I will now add to thefe obfervations a fhort account of the other female bards who diftinguifhed the earlier ages of Greece. Erinne, the fair contemporary of Sap- pho, has been ufually called a Lefbian ; bpt there are fome who make the ifland of Teos, and others that of Telos, the piace of her birth. Though her life was fhore, it was (ufficiently extended to procure ber an immortal fame. ‘* The rofe (fays Achilles Latius, in the Loves of Cliro- phon and Leucippe) is therefore called the molt beautiful of flowers, becaule it is molt fhort-lived.” He fays allo, “ There are two kinds of beauty, the one pure and celeftial, the other grofs and earthly.” The latter adheres to the body in which it refides, is fixed in the form of a face or of a bofom, in the regular arch of an ¢ye-brow, the jult fymmetry of a nofe, or the unfading coral of a lip. Its yery effence coniifts in the features in Epigrams, Fragments, &c. from the Greek. 213 which it dwells. There is no attemot at efcaping, no ftruggling to afpire. Hence the body which t: inhabits, undifturbed, and almof unanimated, generally laits on earth during the longeft term that is allot- ted to man, and when at lait it dies, the beauty which once dwelt there perifhes alfo, and is buried with it in the earth — This is grois earthly beauty. The other owes its origin to Heaven, always afpires to the place of its birth, and is only fhewn to us in the world before it is called back again to iis home. It ean hardly bear to be united toa mortal form. It feems always anxions to break its prifon and mount into the fkies. Hence the fire that enlightens the eyes, that feems trying to eicape, and that darts its luftre upwards into Heaven. Hence the ‘* eloquent blood’’ that mounts into the face, that animates the countenance with cclours perpetually varying and always lovely.— Hence the quick irregular pantings of the breait ; and hence the eliftening moifture of the lips and eyes, which Jook as if the foul were always on the wing to efcape, and fluttering between the fpeech and the fight. It is certain that fome degree of melan- choly always accompanies our admiration of premature genius or of extracrdinary fenfibility in early youth. The thread of life feems too finely drawn to laf ; and we generally anticipate the {peedy Jofs of fo much lovelinefs and fweetnefs. Such was the fate of the beautiful Erinne. A po- etefs from her cradle, in the fhort fpace of eighteen years fhe eftablifhed a reputation which her admirers have not helitated to place on a level with that of the great fa- ther of epic poetry. Yet during all this time fhe was apparently occupied only in thofe domeitic concerns which in that age were the univerfal employments of the high-born as well as of the cottage mai- den. She courted neither fame nor ha- nour ; but the Mufes themfelves defcend- ed to her; they in{pired her foul with rap. tures unknown to her laborious compa- nions. Scarce nineteen fummer-‘uns had fhed Youth’s rofes o’er the Virgin’s head, While by a guardian-mother’s fide Her cuflomary tafks fhe plied ; Bade her rich filks the loom prepare, Or watch’d the diftaff’s humbie care: Her modeft worth the Mufes knew, Brought her rich talents forth to view ; With their own fires they fill’d her foul, Bade her young eye in tran{port roll, And (ah! too foon from huinan eves!) Bore her, their handmaid, to the fkies. She 214 She died at the age of nineteen unmar- ried, and left behind her not more than three hundred verfes, on which the high- eft praifes are Leftowed by her admirers.— An Ode to Fertitude which bears her name, or, more properly, a fragment of that ode, is preferved ; and we have two or three other poems of hers which recom- mend themfelves by an elegant and affeét- ing fimplicity, but yet more by the re- markable refemblance which they bear to the circumftances of her owndeath. The following is on one of her companions of the name of Baucis, which I have chang- ed in my tranflation, as not being fuitable to an Englifh ear. Nupepas Bavaidog erpre. I mark the {pot where Juliet’s athes lie. Whoe’er thou art who paffeft filent by This fimple column, grac’d by many a tear, Call the fierce Monarch of the fhades fevere. Thefe myftic ornaments too plainly fhow Th’ unhappy fate of her who lies below. With the fame torch that Hymen gladly led Th’ expe€ting virgin to the nuptial bed, Her widow'd hufband lit the funeral pyre, And faw the dreary flames of death afpire. Thou too, oh Hymen, bad’ft the jocund day That hail’d thy feftive feafon, die away, Chang’'d for the figh of woe and groan of ceep difmay, She feems to have lingered round the {pot endeared by the tomb of her beloved affociate, and has defcribed to us the very emblems that ornamented the fepulchre. Ernras % eipnves Epeat, x wevOiue xewoce. ay, thou cold Marble, and thou weeping Urn, And fculptor’d Syrens that appear to mourn, And guard within my poor and fenfelefs duit, Confign’d by fond affection to your truft, Say to the ftranger as he mufes nigh, That Juliet’s afhes here lamented lie, Of noble lineage—that Erinne’s love Thus mourns the partner of her joys above. The Anthologia contains many epitaphs on this amiable poetefs ; that of Antipa- ter Sidonius is worthy of our attention. Tavpoemus, &c. Few were thy notes, Erinne, short thy lay, But thy fhort lay the Mofe herfelf has giv’n ; Thus never fhall thy memory decay, Nor night obfcvre that fame which lives in “ Heav’n 3 While we, th’ unnumber’d bards of after- time, Sink in the folitary grave unfeen, Unhonour’d reach Avernus’ fabled clime, And leave no record that we once have been. Epigrams, Fragments, Sc. from the Greek. (O&. 1, Sweet are the graceful fwan’s melodious lays, Tho’ byt a mgypment heard, and then they ie 5 But the long chattering of dffcordant jays The Yin of April fcatter through the iky. Befides Sappho and Erinne, feven other names of female poets are mentioned in an epigram by Antipater of Theffalonica, who compliments the fair affembly with the title of the earthly Mufes. Of thefe, Anyte receives the honourable title of the ° female Homer. We cannot judge of the propriety of this appellation by the little poems which are tranfmitted to us in the Anthologia ; but I will prefent two or three fpecimens of thefe, in order to give the Englifh reater as much knowledge of her merit as it is poffible at this time to obtain. ON A STATUE OF VENUS ON THE SEAS COAST. Kumpidos arog 6 xweor, Cythera, from this craggy fteep, Looks downward on the glafly deep, And hither callsthe breathing gale, Propitious to the venturous fail ; While Ocean flows beneath ferene, Aw’d by the fmile of Beauty’s Queen. TloAAaxs Fai 3° dAopudva. In this fad tomb where Phillida is laid, Her Mother oft invokes the gentle fhade, And calls, in hopelefs grief, on her who died In the full bloom of youth and beauty’s pride, Who left, a virgin, the bright realms of day, On gloomy Acheron’s pale coafts to ftray. It will ftrike every reader as a remark- able circumitance, that the fubjeé&t cf the foregoing epigram, melancholy and poe- tical as it isin itfelf, fhould have proved the theme of fo many epigrams, efpecially of the female poets of Greece. Out of the very few pieces preferved of Sappho and Erinne, no lefs than four are elegies on the premature fate of fome fair compa- nion of their youth. There are two or three more by Anyte to the fame purpofe. The following has fome little variety. Thaebévoy AvriGiny Karodveopeage Unbleft Antibia calls this mouraful ftraing The lovelieft Virgin of Diana’s Train. Gay gallant youths ador'd her as their God, And lordly fuitors waited on her nod ; But, to refit the powerof Fate, how vain Is Beauty ! Flow afrefh my mournful ftrain ! The Anthologia alfo contains a few fpe- cimens from the compofitions of Myro, Noffis, and Praxilla. The fragment of a Scolium by the latter is in commendation of Admetus for honouring the virtuous. 1805.] This was probably that king of the Molof- fians who received the exiled Themiftocles as his gueft. The epithet of ®AvyAwaoos annexed to the name of Noffis may lead us to imagine her poetry to have been of the foft and pathetic caft, while a few fragments that remain give us the idea that fhe was a tender mother and an affec- tionate daughter. Corinna was celebrated for her beauty, and her rivalry to Pindar, over whom fhe once obtained the crown of victory ata poetical conteft, Both the competitors were pupils of another po- etefs, a native of Anthedon, of the name of Myrtis. Telefilla, the Argive, re- nowned for her courage and patriotifm, as wellas her talents, completes the cata- logue, But I have been led to tco greata length, poffibly, in this introduétory mat- ter. The principal cbjeét of my prefent defign is to illuftrate thofe poems in the Anthologia which turn on the fubjeé of love, by the ideas of the Greeks concern- ing it, and to compare that fpecies of amorous poetry with thofe popular pro- dutions of later days and other nations which bear the neare{t analogy to it. And to that I fhall now turn my attention. Narva. (To be continued.) aaa For the Monthly Magazine. HISTORY of ASTRONOMY for 1804 — By JEROME DE LA LANDE. [Continued from p.133, of our laft.Number.) HE ‘* Ephemerides of Milan,’’ for 1805, contain the oppofitions of Ju- piter and Herfchel by M. Czfaris ; the inferior conjunétion of Venus by M. Car- lini; analytical formule by M. Oriani, to calculate the equation of the centre and its variation. He has endeavoured to ren- der this operation more convenient than by the fcientific formule of M. de Lagrange. He hasemployed the twelfth power of ec- centricity, the finus of twelve times the mean anomaly 4 the term of eleven times gives, for Mercury, only-one-fiftieth of a fecond. The ‘* Ephemerides”” calculated at Co- imbra forthe navy, contain the diftance of “the Moon from the planets, tables for re- ducing the diftances, and new tables of all Mars. The author, Jofe Monteiro da Rocha, was born July 25, 1734, at Cana- vezes, in the province of Minho. He went to Brafil, where he Jearned mathema- tics. Onhis return, in 1766, he obferved the diftances of the Moon ; and in 1772 fie was commiffioned by the Government Hiffory of Afiranomy for \804. Q13 to draw up ftatutes for the Univerfity of Coimbra, in which fome years afterwards he was appointed profeffor of aftronomy. He at length procured the ereétion of the obfervatory of which he has the fuperin- tendance, though he is at the fame time preceptor at court to the Prince of Beira and the infants his brothers. The Prefident of the Academy of Lif- bon fent to the Inftitute, on the 16th of March 1803, a colle&tion of the works hitherto publifhed by him. In the Second Part of the Tranfa@tions of the Royal Society of Londen for 1802, M. Herfchel gives a Catalogue of 500 new nebulous ttars and groups of ftars, of which M. Piétet has given an extraét in the Bibliotheque Britannique for Janu ary 1804. The author treats of the na- ture of thefe inexplicable groups ; he ima- gines that two ftars, conne&ted by virtue of their gravitation, may defcribe round one common centre a circle or an ellipfis, though there may be no body placed in that centre. : The movements of ftars being percep- tible in many, the time is arrived when aftronomers ought no longer to be conient- ed with preceding calcula ions. Accord- ingly I have calculated for the Connoiffance des Tems the motions of about five hun- dred {tars taken from the Catalogues of Lacaille, Mayer, and Bradley, which are forty or fifty years old. Tho(e that are not in thofe catalcgues cannot be properly calculated in lefs tnan feveral years. M. Vidal at Mirepcix obferved, from the sth to the 8:h of September, all the planets every day, and compared them with the twenty principal ftars, obferved all in full funthine. This is an extraordinary total, of which he only has afforded an example with a courage and precifion which are equally rare: he is worthy of enjoying fuch a beautilul fky, fi.ce he knows how to make fuch an excellent ule of it. We have received fome ufeful tables — M. Flaugergues his calculated the eqna- tion of Mercury at intervals of ten mi. nutes. M. Clerc has calculated a table of all the dimenfions of the rerreliria! {pneroid, and the longitude of the prin ipal (tars of the fundamental catalogue :—-V. Mougia a table of the changes ot longitude corre~ {ponding to the changes of right-alcenfion and declination :—M. Guerin tables of in- terpolation :—-M. Chompré tables of alti- tudes. M. de Narey has made prifms of rock- cryiial to be applied to telefcopes, and to mealure with accuracy the diameters of the 216 the planets. It were to be withed that all obfervers were poffeffied of them. M. Cicco!ini has contrived to apply to circles of reflections on--fourth of a divid- ed circle, with a cro{s-ftaff which ferves for a perpendicular, and gives very nearly the altitude of a ftar. This prevents the neceflity of feeling, by which the obferva- tion of altitudes is frequently :endered in- accurate. It has the advantave of en- abling the cbferver to give a greater field to the telefcope, by making it magnity more. He purpofes to publith a deicrip- tion of this contrivance. M. Ciccolini beftows creat praife onthe chronometer of Louis Berthoud, No. 43. M. Humboldt bears the fame teltimony to its excellence as Ido to that of No. 36, which I have ufed for two years. On the 18th of May M. Jean René Lé- véque, notary at Tillieres, Jong known in the fcience of aftronomy, tranfmitted to the Bureau of Longitude a new method of reducing the diftances of the Moon from the ftars eblerved at fea. It polfefles par- ticular advantages over the ordinary me- thods, as it {pares the preparatory opera- yations; and he has added a column of logarithmic differences which bad never been thought of befcre. The Tables which he intends to publifh for the ule of his method will not be voluminous. Mefirs. Calandrelli and Conti have publifhed at Rome a volume intitled Opu/- culi Aftronomici é fiici. They there give calculations of the tranfit of Mereury in 1802 ; the altitude of the pole at the ob- fervatory of the Roman College 41° 53! 54" ; and the declinations of feveral ftars which they employed ; the elevation of the obfervatory above the fa, which is 177 feet, and that of feveral other parts of Rome ; and latily, meteorological ob- fervations made during the lat ten years. M. Schubert has publifhed at Peterf- burg the firft volume of an Aflfronomy for the People, an important work for the propagation of {cience. M. Reuls has publifhed at Gortingen a Repertory of the Memoirs of all learned and {cientific academies. Among the reft are thofe on aftronomy. I had formed a fimilar collefion for my own ufe, which T could print only in part in | my Biblio- graphy in 1803. The Index to my Miskeguate being a neceilary appendage to that voluminous work, M. Cotte undertook the prepara- tion of it for the prefs ; it appeared in the month of Augult, and fills 45 pages. lt was printed by the direction of the Minif- ter Chaptal, at the Office of the Republic. Hiftory of Aftronémp for 1804. [Ca 1; M. Vanfwinden has tranfmitted to me a great number of Supplements for my Aittronomical Bibii graphy. An Almanack of the Ramazan has beer printed for the firft time at Con‘tantinople, under the direétion of Aldorahman. Print- ing was introduced into that city in1725 by Said, who had been at Paris with his father the ambaffador, and by Ibrahim, an Hun- garian. They were protected by Achmet III. and printed {everal books; but the Almanac never made its appearance be- fore. I folicited the reftoration af the Gres gorian calendar in France ; but the Em- peror has contented himfelf for the prefent with ordering that the 1! of January, which is reckoned in the number of family- feftivals by a great majority of the French, fhould be celebrated. M. Vidal having made with his meri- dian-telefcope at Mirepoix fome very nice obfervations, imagines that he has difco- vered a flight alteration in the direction of the meridian. M. Benzenberg, profeflor of natural philofophy and aftronomy at Diffeldorf, has publifhed twenty-eight experiments with bails carefully turned and polifhed, which were dropped from an elevation of 262 Paris feet. They gave on anaverage a deviation of five lines towards the eaft, though theory afligns only four lines and fix-tenths. Theft experiments were made in the coal-mines of Schebufch. They would afford additional proof, were it ne- ceflary, of the movement of the earth, conceining which it is impoffible to enter- tain any doubt. Toe lateft experiments made at Bologna by M. Guglielmini af- forded nearly the fame refult. M. Pontus has obferved the tides at Dieppe, Mefirs. Quaron and Porquet at Oitend, and M. Lauvtier at Audierne, as I have announced in the Connoiffance des Tems for the year 15. The aéroftatic experiments made at Bo- Jogna in Italy on the 7th of Oétober 1803 and the 22d of Auguft 1804, by M. Zambeccari, have been publifhed by the Society of Bologna ; and we there ob- ferve oars and other contrivances which caufe us to hope for great improvements in this important difcovery of Montgol- fier. M. Dupuis of the Inftitute has read a curious Memoir on the pheesix. He de- monftrates that this celebrated bird never, exited. It was ftated to return at periods of 148x years ; but writers vary confide= rably relative to this duration. Herodo- tus relates many wonderful things con- cerning © ~ 1805. ] cerning the pheenix; Pliny fpeaks of its reproduction; Tacitus informs us, that it repairs to Heliopoljs to die. It was eon- fecrated to the Sun. "One of the times of its appearance occurred during the reign of Sefoftris, 1328 years before our era.— Horus Apolloand Nonnus, affert that it was an emblem of the Sun, and one of the names of that luminary. In a Medical Thefis M. Beulet had raifed doubts concerning the age of Hip- pocrates, in’ confequence of a paflage of that author on the rifing of Arcturus ; but M. Dupuis has remarked, that a fingle obfervation is fufficient to deftroy the whole theory of M. Boulet, who af- ferts, that the rifing of Ar&éurus is an heliacal rifing, againt the exprefs text of Hefiod, who fiys, that itis a rifing of the the twilight which takes place at the clofe of day, at the beginning of the night.— Tf it were true, as he maintains, that the colures of the equinoxes ought to be placed fo as they mutt have been three thoufand years ago, fo far from finding that their pofitens correfpond with thofe ftated by Hefiod, we fhould fee that Sirius was not vifible under the parallel of 39 degrees, and the other appearances would not have/happened at the period indicated by Helied. So great a change in the de- cclination would thence refult, that the rifings and fettings would no longer cor- relpond to the periods of the year to which the author has referred them. Geography has likewife made fome pro- grelss A Map of Holland is preparing in that country with infinite pains: the fame precautions are obferved as if the point in queftion was the menfuration of a degree. M. de Zach has given in his Journa! the Chart of the triangles which are already finifhyd; they adjoin to thofe meafured by M. Delambre for the great meridian; and the diltance between Dun- kirk and Montcaffe] is taken for the firk fide. When the Triangles are completed, a bafe will be mealured towards the north for the purpofe of verifying them. The Batavian Republic has charged Colonel Krayenhoff with the fuperintendance of this new map. M. Rochon, who in the third volume of his Voyages gave an eafy method for re- ducing the diftances obferved at fea, has this year procured a curious inftrument to be made for ftill farther facilitating thofe calculations. He has likewife publifled an important work intitled ‘* Voyage to Madagafcar, to Morocco, and the Indian Seas,” accompanied with maps of Mada- MONTHLY Mac, No, 134 Hiftory of Afironomy for 1804. 217 gafcar and the Eaft Indies, a vocabulary of Madagafcar, altronomical tables to find the longitudes at fea ; in three vo- lumes o&tavo. We have alfo to antiounce two other works on Africa ; ‘* Hiforical Account of the Difcoveries and Settle- ments of the Europeans in the North and Wet of Africa, till the commencement of the roth century ;”” to which are an- nexed, Hornemann’s Travels into Fezzan, and all the accounts obtained by the Afri- can Society relative to the empires of Bor- nou, Cafhna, and Mourou, publiflied by the African Society, and tranflated by Cuny ; in two volumes oftavo. ‘* Tra- vels of Meffrs. Ledyard and Lucas,” tranflated by M. Lallemant ; two volumes. < Di&tionary of Englifh Marine Terms, with their Tranflations,” by Ch. Romme ; in two volumes oétavo. ‘ A very beautiful Hydrographical Chart of the White Sea appeared in the month of Novernber at Peterfourg.. The author is Lieurenant-General Kutufoff. Several naval officers have been employed four years under his direétion in collefing the materials neceflary to the compofition of this chart. The coafts of the White Sea, of its gulfs, and of part of the Frozen Ocean, are drawn from trigonometrical furveys ; its depth has been meafured with care, and fixteen of the principal points of the coaft have been determined by altronomical obfervations. In America, Captain Lewis has under- taken to afcend the Mifouri in quelt of a pallage to the Weftern Ocean. M. Lartique, who has for thirty years been attached to the depot of the navy, has completed a large and beautiful Map of America in relievo, exhibiting the mountains and iflands, and the colours of the fea, in fuch a manner as cannot fail to intereft all thofe who fludy geography : even the blind may Jearn that {cience trom it. M. Coulomb has read an interefling Memoir on the effect of heat on magnct- ifm. At 200 degrees of heat it loles 2, and the whole at zoo degrees, at which the tempering of fteel only commences. To alcertain thofe elevated degrees which the thermometer cannot indicate, M. Coulomb puts a pound of ignited iron into a pound of water, the heat di- vides itfelf between the fteel and the wa- ter, and you perceive the relation of the caloric to the two fubltances ; the water changes nine times lefs than the iron ; it requires nine times the heat to raife water to acertain temperature than iron. (To be eontinued. ) Ee For 7 218 For the Monthly Magazine. TRANSLATION of Mss. relative to EN- GLI8SH HISTORY contained’in the Na- TIONAL LIBRARY- at PARIS, Sormerly BIBLIOTHEQUE du RO}. Further PROCERDINGS againf? tran of ; ‘SRC.—PART II. [Continued from No. 133, p.120.] Article [I. HIS woman. further fays, that the fign by which the Prince, to whom fhe was fent, was determined to believe in her revelations and to permit ber to join in the war, confilled inthis ; that St. Mi- chael, accompanied by a multitude of an- gels, of whom fome had wings and others crowns, and with whom were the Sainrs Catherine and Margaiet, came to find the Prince. The Angel aud the Saints walk- ed for a Jong {pace upon the ground, on the roads, and in the chamber, with ,the other angels. One of the angels gave the Prince a very precious crown of pure gold, and inclined towards him, making a bow. This woman faid once, that the believed the Prince was alone when he re- ceived this fign, although there were many perfons pretty near to him 3 and at another time fhe faid, that the Archbifhop received the fign, which was a crown, and prefented it tothe Prince in the)pre- fence and fight of many temporal lords, Op nion of the Univerfity. This tecorid article appears to.he un- true; and further, it is a prefumptuous, jeduétive, pernicious, and feigned falfe- hood, derogatory to angelical dignity. Obfervations. Joan believed ‘herfelf obliged never to yevea] the fecret fign by which Charles VII. was induced to grant her his confi- dence. She befides faid, that fhe’ had taken an oath to the two faints never to yeveal it. She was right in refufing, if what an hittovian mentions be true. He quotes a work, intiled “* Exemples, ou Ha rdieffes de plufieurs Rois © Empereurs,” writien by WN. Sala, matter of the pantry to the Dau- phin Oiland or Roland, fon of Charles VIII. It is one of the MSS. in the Royal Library. Sala there fays, that William Gouffier, Lord de Boify, governor of the Prince, had been beloved by Charles VII. in his youth, fo much, that, that Monarch would never fuffer any gentle- man to licin his bed but him, and that he had learnt from him the following circum- farce : « The good king CharlesVIII, found wv Ales bout r Minune in the Library of the late’ King of France. | [oa Ty. himfelf fo low, that he Keen not what to do, and only thought of the fafety of his life; for he was among his enemies, inclofed on all fides... The King in this extremity of thought went one morning into his oratory alone, and there prayed » from his heart without repeating the words, in which he moft devoutly requeft- ed, that if he was the true heir defcend- ed from the noble houle of France, and that the kingdom juftly belonged to him, | that he might keep and defend it, or at all eventsto give him grace to efcape without death or imprifonment, and that he might fave himfelf in Spain or Scetland, which were of old brothers in arms, friends and - allies of the kings of France, and which he had chofen for his lait refuge.”’ The revelation of the fecret, therefore, if it be true, refolved Charles ‘to deter- mine in favour of Joan. The obedience which Joan owed to him asiher fovereign certainly did not permit her to tell him in fo turbulent atime, and when he had not yet reconquered his kingdom, that the doubt about legitimacy which this prayer indicated, could only injure him much, and give great advantages to his enemies. The judges were tortured with anxiety to know this fecret: the accufed had con- tantly refuted to explain it. At Jength, to putan end to the perfecution which ex- haulied and troubled ber, after having faid, ** Would you that £ fhould perjuré myftelf,” the related her own ftory with thofe ornaments which muf be admitted to be fictitious, fince, had the fast been true, and nothing can. be more improbable, it would have become the fubje& of dif- courfe throughout all Europe. Over- whelmed afterwards with the queftions which this ftory produced, fhe feems to have thoughe it neveffary to anfwer throughout in the fame flyle, in order to draw the judges from inveltigating the rea} fecret further. Article III. This fame woman knows and is certain that he who vifited her was St. Michael, from the good counfel, the affittance, and the goed doftrine, which he gave and taught her, and becaufe he repeated his” own, name, faying that he was St. Mi- chiel. She diftinguifhed alfo the two fe-, male faints, one fcom the other, becaufe they named themfelves to her and faluted her ; reafons for which fhe believes that it was St. Michael ; and fhe believes that their difgourfes and aétions are right and. good as confidently as fhe believes that Jefus-Chrit fuffered and died for our re~ demption., ae ‘Opinion > ' ‘ Opinion of the Univerfity. The figns announced are not fufficient. » This women believes too haft'ly and -af- _ ferts too rafhly. From the comparifon _ that the makes, it appearsthat fhe does not _ believe rightly, and that (he errs in faith. . * Obfervations. _ . They fupprefS in this article, that Joan placed confidence in thefe‘revelations, be- ' caufe all that St. Michael had announced to her was realized, both with refpea&t to Captain Baudricourt, who had fent her to _the King ; as on the part of the King, who had received and employed her; who had feenher deliver Orleans, and open the p3flage, contrary to all appearances, in order to conduét him to Rheims to be con- fecrated. Thefe important faéts are ex- prefied by the words counféls, affiffance, and good advice, which Joan in faét ufed, but nothing more is faid, which ought to _ have been done. ; Article IV. . She fays further, that fhe is certain that many things which are contingent upon the future will happen; and the boats of having known, by virtue of the revelations which the two faints made to her, certain concealed events: for example, that the thall be delivered from prifon, and that the French thal! do in her company one of the fineft acts that has ever been heard of in Chrittesdom ; and again, that fhe has recognized, by revelation, perfons whom fhe had never feen; and that fhe has dif. covered, and caufed to be found, a certain _ fword which was concealed in the ground. N Opinion of the Univerfity. This is a prophefying fuperitition and 2 prefunptucus ttory, accormpanied with a vain boaft. x 4 Obfervations. ' The accomplitnment already complet- ed of the promifes the had made to the ing, that the Englifh thould lofe every _ thing in France, the Jaft event the had an- _ Bounced for the completion of what the had foretold, is fuppreffed : and they make cher fay that the thould be delivered from prifon; although fhe went no further than _ to fay what the liad underftood; and alfo @nepart of the interrogatories, where the | fieys the bad afked the two faints if the fhould be burnt, that they anfwered ‘her ppiy to be of good courage. aes , Article V. } he adds, that the two faints command- er, by orders from God, to take and the drefs of a man: that fhe has a F ¥ ill continue it with fo much perfeverance, that fhe plainly fays fhe will toner die en it in obedjence to that order, and, 1805] “Manuferipts in the Library of the late King of France, 219 than quit that drefs; and foinetimes fhe fiys the has not taken it by command of God. She has even preferred not to affilt at mafs, and to be deprived of the facra- ment dF the Eucharift, at the times pre~ {cribed to the faithful, mather than afflume the habit of a woman, and quit that cf a man. This fame woman alfo fays and affirms, that, by the order and goud plea- fare of God, fhe has taken and born con- tinually a drefs after the cuftom of men. She fays, moreover, that fince thé received the order foto drefsherfelf, that fhe has worn a fhort tunic, a hat, a coat, fleeves with cuffs, breeches with many tagged points, and had her hair cut round above her ears; and that fhe has retained no- thing which could indicate or Jead her to be taken fora woman, except what na- ture has provided for the difference of the fexes. She admits that fhe has many times received the Bucharift in this drefs, and that the never would, although often warned and adviled in the fpirit of charity, re-affume the female drefs ; adding plainly, that fhe would fooner die than relinquifh it: at other times fhe fays, that it was not by order of God that the affomed this attire, and that if fhe was in the drefs of aman, along with thofe in whofe favour fhe was armed, that \it was one of the greatelt benefits which could fall out to the whole kingdom of France; adding, that nothing in the world fhould induce her to take an oath to wear no longer the drefs of a man, and to bear arms no more: and in all this the fays that fhe has done well, and aéted in obedience to God and his orders. mis Opinion of the Univerfity. This woman is a blafphemer and def- pifer of God and his facraments ; a preva~ yicator of the divine law, of the facred do&rines and ecclefiaftical ordinances; an evil thinker, and wandering in faith, filled with vain boallings, and ought to be held fulpeéted of idolatry and to have'given up herfeli-and her attire to demons, imitat- ing the cuftoms ef Pagans. Obferwations. They atrempt that it thould bebelieved that fhe had adopted @ fixed refolution ra- ther to die’ than re-affuine the habits of her fex: but the always faid, “ until God Joould command her to do fa,” and then the did not fay it exprefsly. They alfg omit that fie confented totake the female drels to go and hear mafs, and receive the com- munion, declaring, at the fame time, thac fhe would afterwards re-aflume male at- tire. They alfo, omit that flie faid, on admitting that fhe had receivyd the copi- Eez munion ‘ 220 Manufcripts in the Library of the late King of France. [O&. 1, . munion in male attire, that the never did it armed. Article VI, She owns and admits that fhe has caufed many letters to be written in which are put the words Fefus Maria with a crols. ‘That fometimes another crofs was put, which then fignified not to execute what ~ was dire&ted by the Jetter. In other let- ters fhe caufed to be written, that fhe would have thofe killed who did not obey her letters and orders, and that they fhould be ftruck with blows, becaufe fhe had the beft right from God in Heaven ; and that fhe often faid the had done nothing but by virtue of revelations and the orders of God. Opinion of ihe Univerfity. This woman is pernicious, deceitful, cruel, greedy of the effufion of human blood, feditious, provoking tyranny, and a blafphemer of God, in the orders and revelations which the recourts. Odbjfer vations. Who would not believe, on reading this Article, that Joan had ordered all thofe to be killed who did not obey her? that God had given her fuch a power, and that fhe did fo by virtue of his orders and his re- velations? This impreffion, which is na- turally produced by reading the Article, and which occafioned the ftrong opinion of the Univerfity, was certainly fufficient to prejudice the whole world againit her, and .to influence the party in the remair- der of the bufinefs. It is, however, en- tirely calumny. In all Joan’s anfwers, there is not one fingle word like thofe attributed to her. She admits, indeed, the words ¥efus Ma- ria and the crofs at the top of the letters, becaufe the two faints had told her to do fo, and the ecclefiaftics had approved of it. She admits alfo the other crofs which fhe ufed, but it is nothing but a fimple me- nace to induce fome one to do what fhe de- fired; but it was not even afked her if the had ordered thofe to be killed who did not cbey her, and they only produced two letters ; that which flre wrote to the Count d’Armagnac, which related only to’ the claimants for the Papacy, and that which contained a {pecies of declaration of war againft the Englifh, and in which the affert- ed three pafiages were al*ered.—It is in the jatter that the foundation of the falfe ac- culation contained in this Article is found. Beforecaufing the fiege of Orleans to be railed, Joan wrote, and circulated every where, a letter, or rather a declara- tion of an extraordinary kind, addrefied to ghe King of England, and thefs who befiegd Orleans, which was, in fa&, a fummons to quit France. This curious letter is as follows :— ‘s JESUS MARIA! ** King of England, and you Duke of Betfort, who call yourfelf Regent of the kingdom of France; you William de la Poulle, Earl of Suffort; John Lord de Talbot, and you Thomas Lord D’Eicales, who call yourfelf Lieutenant of the Duke of Betfort, do juftice to the King of Heaven. Render up to the Pucelle,* who is fent by God the King of Heaven, the things in all the fair towns which you have taken and violated in France. She is come hither, by God’s orders, to re- ftore the royal blood: fhe is quite ready to make peace, if you will do the fame, provided that you make France fafe, and pay what you have detained.~ And amongft you, archers, companions of war, gentlemen, and others, who are before the town of Orleans, go your ways into your own country, in God"$ name; and if you do.not do fo, wait for tidings of the Pu- celle, who wil} come and beat you fhortly to your great damage: and if-this you do net do, | am chief of the war,t and in fome place will wait for your men in France, and will make them go, willing or not willing, and if they will not obey, I will caufe them to be all killed. Iam fent here by the King of Heaven, body to bedy,{ to drive you out of France, and if you will obey, I will flew mercy, but do not keep to your opinion, for you fhall not hold the kingdom of France. God, the King of Heaven, Son of the holy Mary, will hold the King, Charles, to be the true heir; for the King of Heaven commands, and it is revealed by the Pu- celle, that he fhall enter into Paris in good company. If you will not believe that the tidings of the Pucelle come fiom God, in fome places that we fhall find you we will beat you, and there make fo great a trouble, that-for a thoufand years there has been nothing like it in France. If - you do not do juftice, believe firmly that the King of Heaven will fend more force tothe Pucelle, fo that you cannot fuftain the aflaults of her and her good men of arms and their ftrokes, and it will be feen who has a better right than the King of * Joan maintained that the words were ‘¢ Render up to the King ,” and it may be prefumed they were, ‘* to the King and the Pucelle.” + She maintained that the words § chief of the war” were not in the letter, t She denies that the words ‘* body to body” were in the letter. Heaven, = ee se eT ee ee ee ee we AT. Heaven. You Duke of Betfort, the Pu- celle prays and defires that you will not caule a crumb to be deftroyed. If you do juftice in this refpeé&t, you may yet do it in your company: othberwile the French will do the greateft deed that was ever done for Chriftianity, and anfwer if ‘you will make peace in the city of Orleans, and if you do not it w:]l turn out to your great damage. Briefly written this Sa- _ turday—holy week.” ’ There is no ether foundation for the fixth Article than this letter; for with re- | gard tocruelty and inhumanity, there are only two articles inthe procefs. One in which fhe is afked whether fhe would not have cut the Governor of Soiffons in four _ pieces, which fhe denies without faying any more: and the other, the reproach uJ . which was made to her of having com- mitted a mortal fin,-in caufing a man to | beput to death who had furrendered to her: but fhe anfwered, that this perfon having admitted that he was a homicide, a robber, and a traitor, the Mayor of Senlis and the officers of juftice tried him that he wifhed to furrender himfelf a pri- foner to her, but that the magiftrates 're- prefented to her that he had deferved the punifliment to which he was condemned, and that it would be wrong on her part to require that he fhould be given up. They have alfo fuppreffed in this Article the declaration of Joan, that fhe carried her- feif her ftandard in batt!e, to avoid the fhedding of human blood, and that fhe never killed any one.—The proof ofgtie taifehoad of this charge is then compiete. 4rzicle VII. She alfo fays and admits, that at the age of feventeen years or thereabouts, the went by her own accord, and by virtue of a revelation, to find a certain equerry, whom fhe had never feen, quitting her father’s houfe, againft the will of her pa- _ Fents, who almoft loft their fenfes when they knew of her departure. That fhe entreated him to carry her, or caufe her - to’ be brought to the king. That this captain then gave her the drefs of a man, and a fword, at her requeft, and that’ he ordered a knight, a (quire, and four va- lets to conduct her. ‘That being arrived in the prefence of the King, fhe told him - that the would conduét the war againft his ' adverfaries, promifing to procure hima iS og domain, and to overcome his ene- ies, and that fhe was fent for that pur- _ pole by the God of Heaven; adding, ~ ‘that in all his the atted right, and from the orders of God and by yirtue of xeve- ation, i. ys wi? 1805.) Manufcripts in the Library of the late King of France. 291 Opinion of ihe Univenfity. Th's woman is impious towards her fa- ther and mother, prevaricating in the pre- cept to honour them, {candalous and blaf- phemous towards God, erring in faith, and has made a promife ra(h and prefump- tuous, ' Obfervations. It is not faid that this captain twice re- fuled to comply with her requeft, and that one of ker uncles accompanied her thither, Nothing is faid about the dreams which, her father had relative to her departure, and that this was the only time that the difobeyed her parents, who had fince for- given her. ' That fhe only fet out upoa the belief of the truth of the revelations, and, above ail, the railing the fiege of O:leans: that her promife was to deliver that city, and tocrown the King at Rheims, promiles which the fulfilled long before her imprifonnient. Article WITLI. She further fays and cwns, that of her own accord, and without being forced or induced by any perfon, that fhe precipi- tared herfelf from a certain very elevated tower, preferring rather to die than fail into the hands of her enemies, or to furvive the deftrnQion of the city of Compeigne. She alfo fays, fhe could) not refrain from thus precipitating herfelf, although the two faints had forbid hér to do fo, and although fhe was convinced that it was a great fin to offend them; but thor fhe knows this fin has been remitted after fhe had been confefled,-and this fhe fays has been revealed to her. , Opinion of the Univerfity. What this Article contains is a pufil- lanimity which touches on defpair, and ought to be interpreted as a prefumptu- ous fuicide. The affertion that this fault has been remitted, is rafh,.and, more- over, indicates, that this woman thinks erroneoufly upon the free-will of man. Obfervations. It is not faid in this charge, Firft, That fhe trufted in not being killed by this leap, but to efcape from the hands of the Eng- lifh, as towhich the trial ittelf proves that fhe had fuch fear as to be near lofing her fenfes. Secondly, That before leaping fhe recommended her foul to God, and made the fign of the crofs. Thirdly, That the two faints told her that “Compeigne fhould be fuccoured, which happened in faét, and the fiege raifed af. ter continuing fix months. Fourthly, That they ordered her to confefs; and, Fifthly, That in confefling the had com- maitted a gri¢vous fin on this head, it was te 222 On the naturaland medical Hftary of Spiders, Se.» [OR 4, ‘ to give a diftin& meaning to what the had aniwered to the fingular quettion which they put to know whether fhe thought herfelf capable of fioning morially, With fuppieffions of this kind, a courageous temerity might eafily pafs tor a {pecies of fuicide, which, however, had no exiltence in Joan’s mind, or in faét. Article 1X.. The two faints revealed to her that fhe fliould be faved in the glory of the bleffed, and that fhe might be aflured of the fafety of her foul, if fhe retained her virginity, of which fhe madea vow the firft time that fhe faw and heard them, and on the ftrength of this revelation, fhe was as certain of falvation as if fhe were really and in faét in the kingdom of Heaven. She alfo fays, that the two faints pro- miled to lead her into Paradife, if fhe pre- ferved the virginity of her body and foul as fhe had vowed, of which fhe faid fhe was 2s certain as if fhe were already io the glory of the faints, and fhe did not believe that fhe had committed a mortal fin, becaufe if fhe were in that ftate, the two faints, at leaft as it appeared to her, would not come on all days to vifit her. Opinion of the Univerfity. » This is arafh and prefumptuous affer- tion: a pertinacious lie, a contradiction with the preceding Article, and proves that fhe thinks errorteoufly in faith. Obfervations. Tt is fuppreffed, Fir, That the. went from time to time to confeflion. Second- ly, That. fhe faid the coula not too much purify. her confcience. Thirdly, That fhe was not fure fhe was in a fiareof grace, but that.if fhe were not, fhe prayed God to put her in it, and that if fhe were that he would keep her fo. Fourthly, That the did net pofitively affert, but only gave as areafon for her belief of being in a ftate of grace, the vilits of the two faints. Fifthly, That when interrogated if fhe did not believe fhe-could fin mortally, the anfwered, { know nothing about it; and * that when they obferved to her that ths reply was of great confequence, fhe an- {weied it was a treafure for her. (To be continued.) —— For the Monthly Magazine. On the natural and medical wisToRY of SPIDERS and their WEBS. PIDERS have often excited the curio- fity of naturalits and the attention of phyficians. The former have fuccefsfully* ftudied the habits and condué of thefe in- fects; and notwithftanding the repug- nance they’ naturally infpire, thefe ac- ‘eounts have become interefiing, from the induftry with which they extend their webs for feizing their prey, and from.ob- fervations on the multiplicity and arrange- ment of their eyes, which are geometri- cally difpofd on a motionlefs head, ina manner conformable to their neceflities. Their combats, the fingularity of their amours, their fenfibility for mufic, and their patience, all conftitute fubje&ts , of wonder in the hiftory of {piders. ,. Phyfi- cians have examined whether their bite be really venomous, asis generally thought 5 and they have only found two {pecies pro- du&tive of danger, namely, the tarantula and the aviculariaof Cayenne. Swanmer- dam, Roffi, and Baglivi, have left us little to with for in this matter, as the effeéts of their bite and the remedies are both known. 5 The webs of {piders are confidered by the common peopleas a remedy for wounds ; country people often apply them on cuts or flight wounds, and apparently with fuccels. This property was not of fufh- cient importance to induce chemifis to analyfe the material; but as there has alfo been attributed to them a febrifuge virtue, {uperior in fome circumflances to the bark, Ihave thought them entitled to a more particular examination, The following extract is taken from the ‘fournal d’Eco- nomie Rurale, for Germinal, in the year XIK p ‘© We have feen, upwards of thirty years ago, agood prior, the curate of Ba- theren in Franche Comté, cure all the fe~ vers cf his parifh, and of the neighbour- ing villages, by pills of a ftrange compofi- tion. He went into his bara and formed {mall pills with {piders” webs, by rolling them between his hands in the flate he found them. He adminiftered this reme- dy to his patients in white wine, and very feldom failed to cure. M. Marie de $t UrGn being chief phyfician of the Hotel de Dieu, of Chartres, treated a very obiti- nate fever in that hofpital. He had em- ployed bitters, the bark, and all the reme- dies of medical art without fuccefs, when one of the female attendants offered to un- dertake the cafe witha certainty of cure. When the was interrogated concerning her remedy fhe refuled to mention it. M. de St. Uriin, therefore, continued to attend his patient for fome days; after which, having a good opinion of the ares & he determined to put his patient under her care. There was no return of the fever ‘tier the firt dofe of the remedy. The -phyfician fuppofed that the imagination of the patient, his confidence in a new reme- dys and: particularly the fecreey, might | Rave fulpended the attack, and ‘he waited, “buttono purpote, for its return. The attendant, encouraged by her fucceis, _confented to mention the remedy, which | proved to be the fame as’ that of the cu- rate of Batheren.” The editor of the Journal here quoted, | being ftruck with the new experiments of ‘Seguin upon gelatine applied to the treat- ment of intermitting fevrrs, fulpects that | foiders’ webs may contain a principle re- fembling animal jelly. The experiments of Cadet, while they overthrow this fup- pofition, appear to him entitled to the at- tention of medical men. _ Experiment 1. Spiders’ webs triturated in the cold with quick lime, emir a flight fammoniacal {mel}. | 2. Cold water by di- ' geition on the webs becomes of a red- brown colour; is flightly precipitated by infufion of nut-yalls; is precipitated by ‘acids ; and this precipitate is again dif- folved when’ the acids are faturated with ‘ammonia. 3. Spicers’ webs cleaned as much as poffible from daft and foreign matters, were boiled in diftiiled wa- fer. ‘Phedecostion tmelled lke champig- mons, and lathered by agitation. The undiffelved matter was boiled in addition- al waters, until it gave out nothing more. ll thefe waters being put together and ‘€Vaporated, let fall their contents in fuc- eflive pellicles; and at length, by gentile evaporation, a folid extract was had, near- ly equal to half the weight of the {piders’ webs. 4. The. refidue not diffolved in Doiling water, was digetted inalcohol. It ye a very deep orange-coloured tincture, h did not lather. ‘Water being ad- » threw down a grey flaky precipitate, a brown colour when dry, and litcle e than one hundred and feventieth part Of the original webs. On hot coals it felled up, fmoaked, and took fire; and fom'its habitudes in thefe refpects, and hthe alkalies, it refembled a refin. ‘diluted alcoholic folution being then Waporated, afforded a refidue flightiy de- fcent, of atafteat first {weetifh, and wards bitier, and in quantity nearly times that of the refinous precipitate. he infoluble refidue after this treat. t with water,and alcohol, burned with- {welling up, and emitted a fmail Guantity of white fumes having the finell 1805.} On the natural and medical Hiftory of Spiders, Se. 223 of burned wood. Neither the oxigenated mutiatic, nor the fulphureous acids, dif- coloured it.) It was fobuble with efferve= fcence in muriatic acid, which took up *two-thirds and left'a black pafte. Am- monia feparated a brown matter in {mall quantity from the clear folution ; and this matter, when calcined, did not lofe its co= lour. Tt was almoft totally folublein muse riatic acid, and this folution gave a black precipitate with nut galls, and a blue with alkaline prifflate. “Che fluid to which the ammonia had been added, gavea grey precipitate by pot ath. This retained ics colour when ignited, and was again folu- ble in muriatic acid with effervefcence, 6. Cauflic pot-afh pourrd on the refidue of {piders’ webs previoufly treated with water and alcohol, difengages a little am- monia, and partly diffolves the matter. An acid throws down from this folution a black pulverulent taftelefs precipitate, which flightiy puffs up by hear, and leaves by deficcation a brittle and apparenily-re- finous matter. Its quantity is about one- twelfth of the exhauited matter made ufe a It is partly foluble in > volatile 7. The aqueous extract of No. 3 being dizetted with alcohol, gave out one-leventh part. This alcoholicextract was brown, confiderably celiqueicent, and of a fharp tafte. It fwelled confderably cn the coals, and at a certain period it burned rapidly, as if anitrate were prefent. It efferveiced brifkly with tulphuric acid, giving out a white vapour of a muriatic f{mell. Pot- ath and lime diftngaged from this extrack a ftvong ammoniacal {mell, and the va- pours were very fenfible on the approach of muriatic acids The extraét having been incinerated, appeared ' by feveral ex- periments tocontain muriate of lime and a tulphate. What remained of the aque- ous'extract after treatment with alcohol, was Jefs deep in colour than before, had a purverulent appearance, and flightly pun-~ gent tafte. On hot coals it did not {well up, but left a very abundant precipitate. Strong fulphuric acid poured on this ex- tract produced no fenfible fmell, and there was no production of ammonia’ when it was triturated with quick-lime. 8. Spiders’ webs fubjected to deftruc- tive diitillation, gave firlt water flighily coloured, but becoming deeper as the pro- cefs went on; and afterwards a black thick oil with carbonated bydrogen and carbonic acid. A very fenfible finel! of ammonia was developed, and a refidual coal was left, amounting to half the mat- ter 224 ter employed. The coal after incinera- tion left two-thirds of its weight, half of which was taken up by muriatic acid, and the remainder feemed to be filex and coally matter, The. muriatic folution, during evaporation, depofited Sulphate of jime. When fpiders’ webs were incinerated in an onen veflel, the’ afbes were found to contain fulphate of lime, muriate of foda, and carbonate of (oda. Muriatic acid ap- plied to the refidue took up more fulphate of lime; and when this {olution was treat- ed with ammonia and afterwards with pot. ath, it gave oxide of iron, a little alumine, and fome lime. The undiflolved part was filex. g. Spiders? webs were almoft totally diffolved m nitric acid amounting to fix times their weight ; carbonic acid and his trovs gas being difengaged. « The folu- tion when evaporated let fall cryfals of fulphate of lime, ard by continving the evaporation, the yellow, bitter, delique- fcent matter, which Welter calls amer, was afforded. Hence the author concludes that {piders’ webs are compofed of, +. A brown ex- tra&t {cluble in water, and not changeable in the air; 2. A refinows extract foluble in alcohol, and very deliquefcent; 3. A {mall quantity of alumine; 4. Sulphate of Hime; 5. Carbonate of foda; 6. Muriate of foda; 7. Carbonate of lime; 8. Iron; g- Silex. The author thinks that. the earths and) earthy falts may be derived from the local /fituation of thefe infects, and that it is probable that the webs of garden fpiders may not affordthem. The two conftant producis to which he de- mands particular attention, are thofe ob- tained from the aqueous and alcoholic fo- lutions» He thinks it defirable to try their medical powers feparately. He fup- pofes the refinous matter to be the fame fubftance as under other circumftances forms the fpiders’ filk, and the wax which Mr. Accum has elfewhere mentioned as ove of their products. A To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. in SIR, % ’ N a late Number of your valuable mif- cellany, I obierved the ufe of fea- water recommended, to perfons on the coat, with whom a faving in the article of falt is an obje&t, as a good fubftitute in the boiling of vegetables. On reading this tothe miftrefs of the houfe where I at prefent refide, fhe wifhed me to inform your readers of a much better method, On Economy in the Ufe of Salt. ’ 0a. 1, which may more generally bé adopted, and that is, to ufe nofalt at all in the dref- fing of vegetables of any kind. She tells me, that the common, and almoft univer- fal, practice, arifes from an unaccountable but erroneous notion, that faltis neceffa- ry to preférve their colour; whereas fhe has found, by long experience, that it is of no ule whatever, and only fpoils their tafte. If they be boiled in a large veflel, with water enough, and be not* boiled too much (which is a common fault), ° they will have, at leaft, as fine a colour without falt as with it. Of this I have had ocular proof. And certainly the fla- vour is far fuperior, At. moft genteel houfes where I have dined, I have found greens, peas, French beans, &c. fpoiled to my talte, by being dreffed in the common method, and the colour far from being improved. I am perfuaded that if your fernale readers will lay ade their preju- dice in favour of an old and common no- tion, fo as to make the experiment, they will never fuffer any falt to be boiled with their vegetables again. Butthey muft be very refolute with their cooks, who are a fet of beings not eafily put out of their way. I cannot clofe this paper without ad- ding a caution of peculiar importance, againft a practice among cooks, which E am told is very common, but certainly very pernicious; and thatis, for the fake of preterving the colour of fome vegeta. bles and fruits, or giving them an artifis cial one, they will boil or bake with them halfpence, pieces of pewter, and, in fome cafes, even copperas, as in the pickling of cucumbers. This vile practice origi- nates in a like miftake with the former, and is fo dangerous, that it ought not, uo- der any pretence, to be tolerated’ For my own part, I have {uch a dread of being poifoned, that I never eat of any thing which has a preternatural colour. By in- ferting thefe cautions, you will do an ef- fential fervice to the public, as well as oblige one refpettfully Your’s, ; SIMPLEXe Auguft 13, 1805. % Jt is a general opinion, that greens are unwholefome unlefs boiled very foft. This the-famous Doétor Hartley reprobated, I have long’ found him to be right in the ad- vice he gave an old friend of mine, to let his greens be crifp; as the common manner of boiling them down, takes out the moft plea~ fant and falutary juices, as well as fpoils theig colour. . 3 For atti 1805.) - For the Monthly Megazine. "We are particularly requefted to givean early _ infertion to the following additional cir- cumftances, relative to a child who was “daft year fold to a chimney-fweeper, at ' Burlington (otherwife Bridlington), in ' Yorkthire, of which we gave an account » in our Magazine of O&ober 1, 1804. f Eprror. ROM vavious circumftances, it is im- poffible he can be the child of the woman whé'fold him; his manners are very civilized, quite thofe of a gentleman well brought up, his diale& good, and “that of the fouth of England. He talks of his papa and mama; but cannot tell where they live: he has dark eyes and eye-lafhes, and an high nofe; he is too young to think that his father can have any other name than that of papa, and it is poffible he may be abroad: he fays his mamma is dead, which appears likely, as, from many things he fays, he feems to have lived chiefly with an uncle and aunt, who he invariably fays are called Mr. and Mrs. Flembrough. ; ~ The child was living in the family of Sir George Strickland on the 24th of July laft (as appears by a letter lately received in London), where he had been nearly a twelvemonth, and his parents not then difcovered. ; Whether this little boy was ftolen from his parents (or parent), or whether he was fent away by {ome cruel relation, : fome difhonett purpofe, like that ¥éBorded in the popular ballad of the *© Children in the Wood,” feems doubtful ; __ which ever be the cafe, it is to be hoped the truth will come to light. If any person fhould, from reading the above or the former account, be able to give any information on the /ubyect, tend-~ ing to the dilcovery of the child’s relati- ons, they aredcfired to communicate it to Mr. William Jones, No. 6, Church- ftreet, Pentonville, near Iflington, the Se- cretary to the Society (in London) for fu- perfeding the econ of Climbing Boys, &c. and for improving the Condition of _ Children and others employed by Chim. _ Mey-Sweepers. , London, Auguft2r, 1805. * ; a " To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. wits ‘grep, T your account of patents in your laft AL Number, notice is taken of a new pa- fent, grantedto Mr. Batley, for refining fogar with milk, inftead of blood, which —Gethe prefent pragtice. In the deicrip- a7 Montury Mac. No 134. Blood not prejudicial in the Refining of Sugar. 225 tion, it is ftated that blodd ig often ufed by refiners in a putrid flate, and that fu- gar thus refined is rendered unwholefome. This reprefentation, if it be not true, is Not innocent; as it tends to excite preju- dices againf& the ufe of an article which Dr. Darwin and other eminent phyficians have clafled among the moft wholefome and nutritious foods, It is well known, that blood is not the only medicine by which the dirt or {eum of fugar can be col- le&ted into one mafs, fo as to be cleared away; eggs wili anfwer the fame pur- pofe, but are not generally ufed, on ac- count of the expence which their ufe would occafion. Milk will certainly, in a degree, but in a Jels perfect degree, an- fwer the fame purpofe; and any one at all converfant with the art of fugar refining, either in its hiftory or its practice, knows that this medium of clearing the mafs was in ufe thirty years fince, and was aban- doned not only on account of the expence attending the operation, but on account of its not fo perfectly anfwering its in- tended purpofe. If it were common to ufe blood ina putrid ftate, the fill-houfe of a fugar re- finer muft be one of the moft unwholefyme, fituations which can be imagined. | This, however, is not the faé&t. Ihave em-. ployed men in this bufinefS a whole year together, without any accidental indifpofi- tion, or the neceffity of ever calling to their aid profeffionai {kill. It is true, too, that., the fill-houfe is one of the moft wholefome, of the apartments of a fugar-houle, as be=- ing much mere cool than many other. apartments ; and experience proves, that the general labour of a fugar-houfe is not ufually attended with difeafes or iil-health, ” if the men can be induced to refrain from drinking cold liquids whilft in a ftate of perfpiration. As to the biood rendering fugar un- wholefome, every one knows, who has at- tended to the operation of refining that article, that the blood introduced for the purpole of clearing the ma{s comes out along with the fcum, often in a coagulat. ed ftate,in lumps as large as a man’s handy and as hard as Indianrubber. I know of no blood which paffes into, and continues in the fugar atter refining; and if this article of hourly confumption be not confidered as ftained withthe blood of the Negroes, torn from their country to perith in the Wett Indies, it mav be fately ufed, without the fufpicion of any other impurity. : ANTHONY ROzINSONS London, Aug. 13, 805. i Ff : For - 226 For the Monthly Magazine. THE, ANTIQUARY, NO. VI. On the wisTORY and sTupy of the ANGLO-SAXON LANGUAGE. T is fingular that toward the clofe of the fifth century fo few traces of the policy, manners, or literature, of the Romars fhould remain in any of their conquered provinces. In Britain they had enjoyed peaceful dominion near four hundred years: yet fo calamitous was the deftruétion of the arts of peace, that the Saxons were not only dark and illiterate at their arrival, but {cience was fearcely preferved for two centuries from total ex- tingtion. Their converfion in the feventh century afforded it a flender degree of cul- ture ; but previous to this conyerfion the Janguage which they fpoke was favage and untractable as themfelves. Their ancient religion had rendered them inca- pable either of fcience or civility : and it is even yet a queftion, whether, in their Pagan ftate, they were acquainted with the art of writing. That the parent of the Saxon* was the Gothict language, is now, I believe, * Verftigan, ftill valuable on many ac- counts, has, with writers of fmaller noto- riety, advanced many extravagant things concerning the great antiquity and fuperior excellence of the Anglo-Saxon tongue. See his Reftitution of Decayed Intelligence, Cc. vii. p. 147. edit. 653. + In the Gothic language the fy!lables are clogged with confonants, which is the imperfeétion, more or lefs, of all the North- ern tongues, and may arife partly from the Native roughnefs of ‘the climate and temper of the .people, and partly from the want of that freer commerce with the reft of man- kind, which is requifite, in every age, to file a tongue, to wear off its rough corners by mutual converfation, and to make it fmooth and eafy. Its words are often mould. ed like the Greek, allowing for the difference in harmony ; they are great and full in the found, and mighty and forcible in meaning. One ofits principal ufesis, thatic is a key to all the Northern tongues, which can ne- ver be duly known without it. Socrates and Sozomenus fay that Ulphilas, who will pre- fently be more fully noticed, invented the Gothic letters; and Philoftorgius, that he turned the whole Bible into Gothic, except the Book of Kings, which he omitted in fear that the Goths, a mastial people, fhould be more inflamed to waf by the perufal of them, The Antiquary. [O&. 14 univerfally agreed on ; as well as that the Greek was the filter and the Perban the mother language of the Gothic. That the Gothic tongue had its origin in Afia is beyond contradigtion : it abounds, we are told, with Pablavi, or oid Perfic words ; but whether it was derived from this dialeét in its primitive fiate, or after it had been corrupted by the Arabic, Phenician, and Tartarian tongues, has never yet been afcertained. Certain it is that the Goths had anciently #he name of Getz: trom Pera they feem to have firft moved to Little Tartary, and from Tar- tary to the North: and in Iceland we are told Gata ftill means a wanderer, Of the Gothic tongue but one fpecimen has been produced in the Codex Argenieus,* a mutilated verfion of the fouc Gofpels, written about the year 367, by the hand of 'Uipiilas, bifhop of the Mzfian Goths. At that time, we are credibly affured, fuch was the illiteratenefs of thefe people, that the Bifhop framed the very alphabet for his verfion, partly of Greek and partly of Roman letters.t If, however, the Goths had no written language, it adds plaufibility to the notion that they are di- rest defcendants from the Tartars. Had they come immediately from Perfia, they would have had at leaft a written lan- guage ; but the Tartars, we are told, have no hiftorical monuments of high an- tiquity 5 all their writings, even thofe in the Mogul dialeét, being long fubfequent to the time of Mahomet. Travellers fa- deed have afferted, that they have {gen in{criptions in the Runic charaétcr among * Thefe Gofpels were publifhed (with the Saxon ones) at Amfterdam and Dort, 1665- 4to. Again, in fac-fimile, at the inftigation of Benzelius Archbifhop of Upfal, by Mr. Lye, in 1763. In the common letter, by Profefior Ihre, about the fame time. And again, withadditions, at Berlin, 1773. At the end of the latt edition, publithed under the direétion of Ant. Frid. Bufching, are feveral Differtations on the Verfion. A fragment of the Ulphilan verfion of St. Paul’s Epiftle tothe Romans, difcovered and publifhed in Germany in 1761, may be like- wife found in the Appendix to Mr. Lye’s Saxon DiCtionary. ; + Doubts have been very plaufibly enter- tained as to the truth of this pofition. Ovid, who lived long previous to Ulphilas, profefies to have written a poem in the Getic lan- guage (Ovid de Ponto. 1. iv. ep. xili. v. 19) 5 though ecclefiaftical hiftorians exprefsly afcribe the invention of the alphabet in the Codex Argenteus to Ulphilas. the -1805.] the deferts of Tartary.* The Runic has by fome been reprefented as the immediate offspring of the Gothic: but this appears by no means likely. It was, in fact, the necromantic dialect of the unconverted Saxons. Its letters have nothing in com- mon with either Roman, Greek, or Go- thic chara&ters, whether we confider their ‘form, their number, nemes, or order. Yet if they had their rife in Afia, why do they not refemble the general charafter of Eaftern letters? Mr, Thwaites, how- ever, had remarked a femblance of their form in one or two contraétions of the Saxon.t To return from this digreffion, writers have not been wanting to compare the Saxon, and through it the Englifh lan- guage, with the Perfian; they pronounce a flrong refemblance in the facility and fimplicity of their form and conftruétion 5 in their having no difference of termina- -tions to mark the gender either in fubftan- tives or adjectives ; in referring all inani- mate things toa neuter gender; and, ge- nerally f{peaking, in their application of different names to animals of different fexes : and that the Anglo-Saxon has many words in common with the Perfian, is undoubted. t Others, with a fuccefs greater in pro- ‘portion to their labour, have confidered ~*® See Bithop Percy’s Tranflation of Mal- Tet’s Northern Antiquities, vol. 1, p. 371. + Grammat. Anglof. p, 1. Wanley, in a Note on Nicolfon’s Hiftorical Library, fays, €¢ The Saxons, our anceftors, continued the ufe of the Runic letters all along ; and fo did the Englith after the Conqueft, as low as the time of Henry VI. 5” but for this laf affertion we feem to want authority. In an- other note he adds, ** When Sir Andrew Fountayne was in Ireland, he met with and brought to London a wooden hand or fceptre of an Irish or Danifh king, with many Runic letters on it. “The Irifh have alfo long had, and ftill keep up, the knowledge of a fecret writing which they call Ocum, fpecimens of which I remember to have feen in feveral places, particularly inthe Book of Cloyne, where the bottoms of the letters Jook like Runic ” } See Cafaubon. de Lingua Anglica vetere five Saxonica, p. 157 Dr. Hickes has flightly mentioned in the Thefaurus the firiking affinity which Dr. Hyde had pointed out to him between the Northern and the Medo-Perfian tongues. The marks of their agreement are mentioned as very fimilar to thofe which will prefently be fpoken of as exifting between the Saxon and the Greek, with the addition of their conformity in double negations. The Antiquary. 207 the remarkable affinity between the Saxon and the Greck.* Among thefe ranks Meric Cafaubon, whofe curious work, already quoted, contains an accurate and free inveftigation of the fubjest. The great features of this affinity he traces not merely in the fimilar found and fenfe of radical words, but in the general ftructure and formavion of the languages ; in the declination of their nouns ; in the termination of the infinitives of their verbs; in the comparifon of their adjec- tives; in the compounding of © their words ; and inthe peculiar ufe of their articles end negatives. The conneétion between the Greek and Englifh tongues is diftin€tly thewn to exceed the bounds of common analogy. Cafaubon had purfued his inquiries fill deeper ; but Charles FP. having regarded him with favour, the pa- pers in which he had confidered the idioms of the two languages were loft and de- ftroyed in the plunder and cppreffion of the times that followed. Dr. Clarke, when writing on the cennettion of the Roman, Saxon, and Englifh coins, ad- vanced the difcuffion ; not only improving on what Cafaubon had already done, but taking confiderable pains to prove that the pound of the Saxons was taken from the Greek ; that their meafures of length and capacity had the fame agreement; and that the way of reckoning fraétions or parts of quantities has that remarkable pe- culiarity which has been frequently ob- ferved as one of the Greek idioms. They who for the entertainment of themfelves or the conveyance of knowledge to others, are defirous of following up this affinity ftill clofer, muft ule no common care ; for as the origin of words is feldom inquired into till climates or delcents have altered their original flexion, the primitives them- felves, it may be feared, are fometimes * Dr, Clarke has mentioned the principal authors who have either obferved or exercif- ed their ingenuity in tracing this identity of phrafe and dition, The firft who fpoke of it was the celebrated Henry Stephens, to whom the lovers of Greek are uncer lafting obligations. But objeéts of nobler induftry and importance, it is probable, detained him from the profecution of any further inquiry. Other critics in the Greek and Northern tongues difcuffed it incidentally ; but Cafau- bon was the only writer to whom any extra- ordinary advances can be attributed. In the Proémium to Profeffor Ihre’s Suio-Gothic- Gloffary (2 vol. folio, 1769), the harmony between the Greek and Gothic tongues is traced fuccefsfully ; but the Profeffor doce not feem to have ufed Cafaubon, Ff2 loft, 228 Ic. The intermediate anceftry of our Janguige demands peculiar warinefs, and requires not only the moft dextrous but the mof difficult exertions of critical ac- tivity, fince remotenefs of fituation in the people, their connection with other na-~ tions cither in the way of war or com- merce, may have fo changed or amplified their language, that however related to another by firét principles, the fuperftruc- ture which has been raifing for ages may fometimes put regularity and analogy to defiance. To return, however, to the Saxon.— . Dr. Hickes, when treating of the diffe- rent epochs of the.language, unfortunate- ly termed them dialects ; forgetting that by dialeéts are meant the various methods of pronunciation peculiar to different forts or trides of people, all ufing the fame lan- guage at the fame time. This objection may tofome perbaps feem frivolous 5 and it would not have been mentioned here, had not the very name of Hickes, on this accountalone, been treated difrefpecttully -by one or two modern Saxonifts. The firftepoch, from the arrival of the Saxons in 449 to the invalion of the Danes, comprehended a period of 337 years, and was aptly termed. by Bifhop Nicolfon the diale&t of the Angli. Of this dialect the only remain is a fragment of the true Czdmon, a mork of Whitby (inferted in King Alived’s Tranflation of Bede's Ec- c efiaftical Hiftory), whofe grandeur and fublimity are much admired. The fecond epoch, from the invafion of the Danes to the arrival of the Normans, comptized a period of 274 years; and they who are defirous of knowing how the Danes robbed the purer Saxon of its na- tive elegance, will find ample farisfaction in the Toeiaurus of Dr. Bickes. For “though, as a ianguage feldom, writrea, it might nave many variations, yet was it néver fo- various or io arbitrary as in pe- ricds when the profperity of learning migh: have been expected to have given ita more fetitled form. The period cf the Dano Saxon tongue was ‘ia! in which the interchange of vow- els was mi confpicuous* : a circum- ftance winch the Saxon fiudent mult be ever mivdiul of. It wasa peried, too, quinine Barks alopecia ea * The great interchange of vowels, fo remarkable in the earlier periods of nearly all the European languages, muft perhaps be ge- nerally referred to the Eaft, In many in- ftances it relembles the general properties of what grammarians term the Attic dialect of the Greeks. The Antiquary? [O&. 1, when metathefis was frequent.* Mono- fyllables were frequently changed for. dif fy\lables and diffyllables for monofyllables, Letters were fometimes added to the end of words, as b in pomb, 9 in blend, and the final a in the Cimbric infinitive was changed toe, €, i, 0, andu; and fo re- pugnant to the ideas of the Dano Saxons was the final u, that for the fake of remov- ing it they fometimes dropped the laft fylla~ ble of a word ; as in eftyo for eftyona. But among all the exotic forms ot writ- ing, none was more confpicuous than the termination of the infinitive in @ inftead ot an ; nor was this the only part of the verb that change of termination was con- fined to: and even the cafes of nouns were confounded again fyntax. Such are fome of the leading features in the great corruption of the Dano-Saxon dialeét. Dr. Hickes nas adduced innumerable in- ftances of thefe from one of the fineft and moft valuable manufcripts in the lan- guage. He has peinted out this confue fion not only in tne cafes, but in the num- bers of nouns ;in the joining adjectives and fubftantives of different genders, in the paffive ufe of aétive verbs, and in many other particulars. which feem to place ail rules of grammar at defiance. The manufcript alluded to is the cele- brated Rufhworth Codex, new depofited in the Bodleian Library. Some addition- aland valuable information concerning the Dano-Saxon dialect, from the Durham Book in the Mufeum (MS. Cotton Nero, D. iv.), of equal age and beauty with the Rufhworth Manuicript, may be derived from the following letter written by the fame great mafter of northern learning to Mr., afterwards Bifhop, Nicolfon, and left undated. “ €€ HONOURED SIR, “< I now come after a long filence, for which I afk your pardon, to anfwer your obliging letter of O&. 31. I have fince that time had the misfortune of two removals, and other avocations, or elfe I had replied fooner. Thechurchof Durham, with great unanimity, and civility, have contributed twenty pounds, for which I am in a great meafure obliged to you and the example of your church, which I now- begin to hope mot of the reft will follow. In your tranf- lation of the Saxon verfes of Durham I will let focij ftand, and only make thofe two alte- rations you allow of. I intend to fend you the Dano-Saxonico Menologium, and my verfion of it, which I defire you to revife, and tell me your free opinion of every thing. * As tintepge for tintpege. I think 1805.] I think I told you formerly it was in the Czdmonian verfe ; and it and the notes I have written upon it are to conclude the chapter De Poetria Anglo-Saxonum.. In an- fwer to your objection about Sr. Cuthbert’s and Bede’s book, I anfwer, that the Latin texts in both are very, ancient, efpecially the Cottonian, which may be above 9co years old, and fo before the Danes invaded Britain. But though the original Latin texts in both are fo old, yet the verfions and the hands they are written in are much younger, and the manner of interlineation in many places fhews that the Latin exemplars were firft written ; not to mention fuch ignorant paffages in fuch verfions as could not agree to the learned times between Theodore. who advanced learning to a great height in the Saxon churches, and the invafion of the Danes DCCXCIII. who brought barbarity among them. You know how Ailfric com- -plains: and accordingly it is evident from thofe verfions, that neither of the gloffators, efpecially of the Cottonian Book, underftood Latin, as where he renders cecidzrunt in [pinas, Sefeollon in Popoum, & hnygzom.— Viz: imus, pe pohwTon, i. e. Vifimus.— In faring tribus fatis, in mealo Zenoh Spim. — Cedebant ramos, xeSenycon Tulgz%0.—Nuptie quidem, Fx}\mo yum. —Sine ejiciam feflucam, buta ic pon de [ue.—Vox in Rama, fTeEn in tpigxa. He could not render tetrarcha nor locufice, and many words more: and can you think: fuch a tranflator could live before the invafion of the Danes? Are not thefe fpecimens of the ignorance AE} fric complains of, that no prieft before Dunftan’s time could write, or underftand Latin, I mightily dike your notion of the language of the An- gli. It wasin that dialed Ll believe the true Czdmvon wrote, of which perhaps I have dif- covered a MS. ; but of that more at leifure. With all hearty thanks and fervice, 1 fub- Scribe your obliged humble fervant, 66: Git 2? The former part of this letter evidently alludes to the Thefaurus, which was not Jong after publifhed. So particular men- tion of thefe curious manuicripts may perhaps excite a with in the reader to be- come better acquainted with their hiftory, which he will find exceeding curious. — The Ruthworth Codex is afferted to have been once in the pofleffion of the venerable Bede : and the Cotton Manu(cript was the fame which was given by A:helftan to the monks of Durham. Teltimonies concerning both manulcripts may be found in Marefchall’s Obfervations attached to the Anglo-Saxon Golpels, p. 491, 492 5 ~Camden’s Remains, chap. 3; Smith’s Catalogue of the Cotton Library, Art. Nero, D. iv. 3 Us tue Preface to Selden’s The Antiquary. 299 Hifteria Anglicanze Scriptores, X. edit. Lond. 1653, p.25 3 the younger Junius’s Catalogue of Books prefixed to his Go- thic Glofflary; in Archbifhop Uther’s poftumous Hittoria dogmatica Controver- fie inter Orthodoxcs et Pontificins de Seripturis et Sxcris Vernaculis, Lond. 1690, p. 105; andin Whar:on’s Appen- dix to it, p. 4653 in the xixth chaprer of Dr. Hickes’s Infticutions of the Saxon Language in the Thefaurus. Bifhop Ni- colfon’s Hiftorical Library, ed. 1506, p. 1025 19 the Catalogue of Books at the end of Dr. Hickes’s Grammar, Oxon. 1688, p. 189 3 and in the fecond Differ- tation prefixed to Mr. Warton’s History of Englith Poetry. ~ We now come to the third, or Nor- manno-Saxon epoch of the janguage ; for whofe introdu&tion due preparation had been made, not only by the coniiant re~ fort of the Norman nobles to ihe Court of the Confeflor, but by the very fyitem of education for children, who learnt French at {chool. The Fraokifh idiom w2s now vifibly intermixing in our language, whofe fubjugation was compleied by the Norman conqueft. The changes it pro- duced (too\numercus for us to confider with minutenefs) have been accurately traced by Dr. Hickes ; anda due coni- der ition of them by the careful reader will afford lights| upon our prefent ortho- graphy which might otherwile elude his obfervation. 5 was fometimes melted into i or y ; as in iunge for xeonxze, young ; crie tor cege, a key; and almiht. tor elmibcig. C was in many cales rejected, and k re- ceived as its fubltitute, as in kyng, for cynx ; in others ch was adopted, as in child for cild. F, uader the new inva- ders, was limited in its power ; live was the fubftitute for life, Proven for peo- Fen, and heovene ior heofene ; al! of which are yet retained. A final was fometimes changed for e,, and fometimes totally omitted. E gave place to the dip- thong 2; and d and © were indiferimi- nately applied. fF, when preceding m, was rejected, as in pimman for pifiman. Um was occafionally altered to en ; and fuch {ub(tantives as before had their no-~ minative and accufative cafes plural end- ing in ay had now theirterminations in ej, as, for ptainay, ptaney ; fuch allo were bipcopey, cingey, &c. Alterations of a mMinuter nature in the f{pelling of words mult be fought for in Dr. Hickes, who has difplayed extraordinary acutenefs in marking the new words and barbariries of phrafe 230 phrafe which the Normans introduced,— ‘The words he has divided into three , elaffes, the Gallo-Francic, the Gallo- Latin, and the Danifh. Among the firft of thefe ranks znepz, @ grave (or repofi- tory for the dead). Such too were, ge- nerally fpeaking, the names for animal food which had been prepared for the table, as Beef, Mutton, Veal ; while tothe living animal its Saxon name was ftill preferved : a proof perhaps that the Nor- mans were berter fkilled in the art of the cook than of the herdfman. Of the fe- cond, or Gallo-Latin clafs, a flight peru- fal of a few pages of the Saxou Chronicle will fupply a hundred inftances.* And of the Danifh it mult be obferved, that when thefe conquerors iffued from the North under the banner of their chieftain Rollo, they carried with them a dialeé& pretty near the early Saxon, parts of which they mingled with the Frankifh tongue ; fo that for many words import- ed by the Normans we have to feeka Cimbric origin, Among thefe were our prefent fellow, to call, to crave, and paht- Jan, to fettle. Befide thefe, there are a few words which the Normans introduced, whofe parentage remains in uncertainty ; ycex, oe; and peattepiah, fo featter, are two of them. Having thus briefly hinted at the rife and changes of the language, it may be proper to fay fomething of the grammars. Our Saxon-Grammarians, with the hope of rendering their works as appropriate in foreign countries as in their own, have generally cloathed their inftruétions in the Latin language ; yet was this the fole complaint, it might be borne with ; but the grammatical ftudy which they recom- mend is planned and conduéted on the principles of Latin grammar. Nor is this confined to Sax n grammars only: the fame degeneracy has crept into the principles of modern Englith grammar, and perhaps with greater facility, as our language has at various times received many augmentations from the Latin.— But in Englith, though there is much La * From the arrival of St, Auftin it is probable Latin words were gradually mixed with the genuine Saxon, And many innova- tions mutt be attributed to King Alfred, who in the execution of his great defign of rendering learning not only more perfeé but more general, brought into ufe many words of Latin etymology. The Antiquary. [O&. 1 tin, the Saxon predominates. The Ro- mans, by conqueft and migration, conti. nually changed and amplified the genius of their language : it was their pride to improve it both in energy and comprehen- fon. But the Englifh have been ever proud to boaft the perfpicuity of their na~ tive tongue ; its verbs have never been objecied to as complex ; nor do they want infleGtions to fignify the varities of time ; and that multiplication of tenfes which loads the Latin tongue is perfeétly unne- ceflary in the Englith; in fhort, as the language of a civilized nation, its form and conftrustion is the fimpleft in the world ; and for all thefe beauties it is in- debted to the Saxon. OF the Saxon Grammiars, however, of which the world is already in pofleflion, the belt, the moft elegant, and moft con- cife, is Mr. Thwaites’s ;* it is a com- pendium of all that is indifpenfably requi- fite for a {cholar in the larger Grammar of Dr. Hickes. Both Mrs. Elitob’s Ru- diments,¢ the Grammar Mr. Lye pre- fixed to the Etymology of Junius (Ox. ford, 1743, fol.), and Mr. Manning’s to Lye’s Di&tionary ftand much indebted to it. Mrs. Elftob was however unwil- ling to acknowledge Mr. Thwaites’s feventh declenfion of nouns fubftantive ; perhaps becaufe Dr. Hickes had omitted it. And Mr. Lye reduced the number of declenfions to four; anozxit and pono, which formed the third and fourth of Mr. Thwaites’s, being viewed as exceptions from the fir#. Another Grammar, but now unufually fearce, was publifhed in 1726, by the celebrated Orator Henley, as the tenth number ot his Complete Lin- guilt. Such ftujents as have time and opportunity will find it no wafte of labour to perufe them all. Whatever effential, from the copioufnefs of Dr. Hickes*s Grammar, may have fled from memory, Mr. Thwaites’s will recal and fix. Mrs, Elftob gives moft, if not all, the gramma- tical terms in true old Saxon, from /El- fric’s Tranflation of Prifcian. And Mr. Manning, it will be readily owned, has placed feveral parts of the grammar ina new light. * Grammatica Anglo-Saxonica.ex Hick- efiano Ling. Septentr. Thefauro excerpta.— Oxon. 1711. 8vo. + The Rudiments of Grammar for the Englith-Saxon Tongue, firft given in Englifh by Eliz. Elftob, Lond, 1715. 4to. To 1805.] To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. “SIR; HAVE found much inconvenience from the ftate, or rather the execution, of part of our bankrupt laws; efpecially the declaration and payment of dividends. Many a dividend is Jolt to the right owner for want of information as to time of pay- ment, and place where, and party paying, &c. How the inconvenience may be re- medied I do not know. If you drop the hint, Mr. Editor, we thali probably foon find fome of your intelligent correfpond- ents with a plan at hand, much better than any I could fuggeft. But, would it be pra&ticable to publith, annually or oc- cafionally, a litt of unclaimed dividends under bankrupt and infolvent eftates, as the Bank publifhed unclaimed dividends of ftock? A work of this defeription would experience no want of fubfcribers. Would it be inconfiftent with the con- ftitution and object of that refpeétable body, the Society for the Encouragement of Arts, Manufactures, and Commerce, to offer a premium for the moft complete lit, within a’given time? Or would it not be a profitable adventure for a Com- pany? Suppofe every houfe futnifhing a cer- tain number of dividends for infertion, were prefented with a copy gratis, as an inducement to affift. Moft would recover fomething, otherwife irrecoverable. Iam aware of difficulties, apparently infurmountable ; but Labor omnia vincit. There are perfons whole bufinefs it is to regulate the affairs of bankrupts, &c. Thefe, I-prefume, would be proper and capable for the work. T have often thought, a fociety, whofe object fhould be to colleét information for the man of bufinefs, in order to remove difficulties he is expofed to, in the profe- cution of his trafic, both at home and abroad, &c. would be of great advantage and utility in this mercantile country. Is there any fuch Society in exiftence ?— Which Society among us comes neareft to the object? Your's, A FREQUENT CREDITOR. ee For the Monthly Magazine. PROOFS of the PERMANENCY of the STATE of UNSUSCEPTIBILITY of the _ SMALL POX, by MEANS, of the cow POCK. M3; B. JESTY, and his fon, Mr. Robert Jefty, of Downfhay, Ifle of Purbeck, proved, at the Vaccine Inititu- tion, Broad-ftreet, Firlt, that the former F x / Bankrupts? Dividends. —Cow-Pox.—Query 231 had the cow-pock cafually, about fifty years ago, and though often in contact with people ill of the tmall-pox, he efeap- ed it. Secondly, That he himfelf inoculated his wife and two fons, Robert and Benja- min, from his cows, when the {mail-pox was in the village, and in his houfe, in 1774+ Thirdly, That all the three vaccinated , perfons have often been in the way of the fma!l-pox, without taking it. Fourthly, That the two fons were inoy culated for the {mall pox fitteen yuars ago, without effect. Fifthly, While they were in town the lak fortnight. Mr. Robert Jefty was inoculated by four punctures, forthe fmall-pox, imme- diately from achild in the fixth day of the eruption, at Dr. Pearion’s Le&ture rooms in the pretence of his pupils. Sixthly, Mr. Jelty:difliking the’ fmall- pox, he was alfo again inoculated, in four places, with the’ vaccine matter, froma fubjeét in the ninth day of vaccination. — To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. SIR, R. TOULMIN, in the advertifee ment to his edition of Neal’s Hif- tory of the Puritans, publifhed in/17935 folicited ““ communications as materials for the continuation of the Hiftory of the Protefttant Diffinters trom the Revoiution to. the prefent Times.” : You will oblige feveral diftant readers by informing them, through the medium of your valuable Magazine, whether there is any profpect of fach a work being foon publifhed. Tam, &c. New York, James EasTBurn, Fuly 13, 1805. tee For the Monthly Magazine. GLEANINGS 72 NATURAL HISTORY, No. II. THE CaT. l\ the year 179%, a cat with a fingle kitren was brought to one of ‘the pw- pils of the Weftmintter ho(pital, by a-per- fon belonging to that hofpital, who had taken them from the hollow part of a de- cayed tree in the Bird-cage-walk, St. James’s Park. At the time they were tound the kitten appeared to be ten or twelve'days old. They were taken care of; and the curiofity ‘of the pupils was greatly excited to know, if poffible, what inducement the mother could have had ta adopt fo unuiual an afjlani for her off. fpring, 252 fpring. After various enquiries in the neighbouthood to afcertain the owner of the cat, he was at length difcovered to be a milkman who lived in Tothill-fields. This man had alfo a dog, with which the cat had generally lived on the moft friend. ly terms. During her pregnancy, how- ever, fhe had become fomewhat ill-tem- pered, and the two animals quarrelled. The confequence of the quarrel was, that the cat on a fudden entircly forfook the _ houfe, and was loft to the family. What inducement fhe could have had to wander at Jeafta mile anda half from her home, to take’ her refidence, at lait, in a hollow tree, can fearcely be conjectured ; unlefs we may fuppofe that this was the firft place that prefented itfelf, likely to afford fhelter for herielf and her young ones. Although fhe had only a fingle kitten when fhe was found, yet as fhe was at that time in an extremely Jean and emaciated fate, it is not improbable that the might have had more, but had been compelled by hunger to devour them, as many other animals are known occafionally to do in fuch circumftances. HORSE, Fleury, in his Ecclefiaftical Hiftory, re- marks, that about the year 799, a coun- cil.was held in: England, one’ of the de- crees of which forbade the cutting off of horles* tails, and the eating of their flefh. ELEPHANT. The Sieur Brue, in his Travels along the Weftern Coaft of Affica, informs wus that fome Frenchmen in failing up the ri- ver Kurbali, ina boat, found an elephant faft in the mud, which they hoped, in confequence, to make an ealy prize. When they got near they fired at him with their mufkets, but the balls only jerved to en- rage the animal. The elephant, fixed as he was in the mud, had no other means of avenging. himfelf than by filling his trunk with muddy water, and pouring it ina torrent upon his affailants. This was fo often repeated, that the men were at length obliged to row off, in order to emp- ty their boat of the mud. In the mean time, continues the writer, with the aid of a ftrong flood fetting down the river, the animal was enabled to {wim in fatety to the shore, and efcape, He fays that the elephants lie in the mud of the river fometimes in herds of forty, fifty, or upwards. , This, as he conjectures, is for the purpofe of cooling and refrefhing themfelves. - He afferts that they {carcely take any notice of travellers as they pafs by them, unlefs the latter are yvalh enough to fire at and wound any of Gleanings in Natural Hiftory: ([O&: dy them, in which cafe they are fometimes known to become dangerous enemies. ~ According tothe aecount of Captain Hawkins, written about the year 1608, and publifhed in Purchas’s Pilgrims, the Great Mogul kept at that time no fewer than three hundred elephants in the royal ftables. Thefé were, at certain times, all brought before him, richly clad in trappings of cloth of gold or velvet. They were fo well trained and managed, that Hawkins fays he faw the king com- mand one of his fons, a boy only feven years old, to go to one of the elephants for the purpofe of being lifted up in his trunk. The animal performed this part by taking the child from the ground, and placing him in the hands of one ‘of his keepers. He afterwards, on being or- dered, did the fame to feveral other chil- dren which were prefent. Smith, in the Account of his Voyage to Guinea (performed in the early part of laft century), informs us that the motion of the elephant in the water is fo fwitt that no ten-oared boat could be able to keep pace with it. He fays that the ele- phants fed principally on a fort of fruit not unlike a papaw, which grows wild in feveral parts of Guinea. This fruit is found in abundance upon Taffo ifland, and the elephants often {wim over thither from the continent, for the purpofe of eat- ing it. ; THE LION. A Florentine nobleman had a mule fo exceedingly vicious as to be altogether un- governab e, from its kicking. and biting every perfon that approached it. He or- dered it to be turned into the court of his menagerie, and a lion to belet loofe upon it. The lion roared aloud when he firtt obferved the animal, but the mule, with- out feeming at all alarmed, ran into a cor- ner of the court, and fo placed herfelf that fhe could only be attacked in the rear. In this fituation the waited the onfet, at the fame time watching with the greateft _ attention all the motions of her adverfary. The lion, aware of the difficulty, ufed all his art, but to no purpole, to throw, her off her guard. At laft the mule, feizing a favourableopportunity, gave him fuch a falute, in the face, with her hind feet, as to beat out eight or ten of his teeth; and to compel the animal to retire to his lodge, without making ‘any further attempts to feize upon her, and thus leav- ing her in quiet poflefliohéf the field.— Voyage dans V Afrique Occidentale par La- bat, vol. if. p. 16. ; It is a vulgar error that the lion is alarmed 1805.] giarmed at the crowing of a cock, He js, however, faid to be frightened at the appearance of ferpents near him. Some of the Moors, induced by this notion, when they are purfued by a lion, are faid occafionally to loole their turban entirely out, and wave about the twilted linen fo as to make it appear like a ferpent, The Sieur Frejus, in his Travels in Maurita- nia, informs us that this will always have the defired effect of driving the animals away. The natural difpofition of the lion is univerfally allowed to have more of mag- nanimity, and contempt for inferior ene~ mies, than that of moft other large and predatory animals. This bas induced many perfons to relate wonderful, and, in fome infances, altogether incredible {to- ries refpecting this royal bealt. A Jaco- bin monk of Verfailles, fays the Pere La- bat, being in flavery at Mequinez, re- folved, with a companion, to attempt his efcape. They got out of their prifon, and travelled during the night only, to a confiderable diftance, refting in the woods by day, and hiding themfelves amongtt the bufhes. At the end of the ftcond night they came toa pond. Thiswas the firit water they had {een fince their efcape, and of courfe they approached it with great eagernefs; but when they were at a little diftance from the bank, they obferved a lion. After fome confultation, they agreed to go up to the animal, and fuomil- fively to implore his pity: accordingly they kneeled before the beaft, and in a mournful tone related their misfortunes and miferies. The lion, as they told the ftory, feemed affected at the relation, and withdrew to fome diftance from thé water. This gave the boldeft of the men an op- portunity of going down to the pond, and filling his veffels, whilft the other conti- nued his lamentable oration. They after- wards both pafled on their way before the lion, which made no attempt whatever ei- ther to injure or moleft them. The ftory, as thus related by two fuperftitious old monks, is too ridiculous to obtain any _eredit as to the motives which induced the animal to fuch a mode of conduét. It, however, may be confidered to reft on a better foundation, when it is obferved that the lion might have had his appetite fully fatisfied previoufly to their appear- ance, and at that moment have been too indolent to attempt to injure them. His retiring at the relation of their ftory, was, no doubt, to fuit his own conveni¢nce » Monrury Mag, No, 134. Gkanings in Natural H.ftory.» 298 only, thus interrupted.as he ;was by the wanderers. The Moors.ufe the fkin of the lion as quilts for their beds. It is f4id to have the remarkable property, of keeping rats or mice out of any room where it is depo- fited, for a confiderable length of time ar- ter it is taken from the animal. THE TIGER. In 1693, when M. Holman was on the coalt of Guinea, feveral fheep kept at ene of the forts had been deftroyed by a tiger, ‘which at length became fo bold that the once made his appearance about three o'clock in the afterncon, Bolman, -per- ceived his approach, and, accompanied by a gunner, two Englifhmen, and two ne- groes, all armed with mufkets, he pur‘u-~ ed and overtook the animal, but not be- fore he got into a imall thicket of underz wocd, which they befet. . The gunner en- tered the thicket, but in a few minutes came running out, almoft frightened to death, and Jeaving behind him his hatand flippers, The tiger had bitten him,. but, luckily for the poor fellow, the breaking down of fome of the branches fo much alarmed the animal as to make him retreat again. One of the Englithmen on thisre- folved to enter the wood with his. mufket, and, if poffible, to diflodge the animal, The tiger fuffered him to approach tolera- bly near, then fprang upon him with ex- treme fury, and would foon have torn him to pieces, had not his eries brought Bof- man and the negroes to his affiftance, who compelled the ferocious animai to quit his prey. The man, however, was fo wound- ed, as to remain altogether fenfelefs for {ome hours afterwards, and in confequence the men retired and gave up the combat. This fame tiger was not, however, de- terred from coming again in the courle of a few days, and killing fome more fheep, which induced Bofman to attempt anorher mode of deftroying him. He madea fort of trap of ftrong pales, twelve fect long, and four broad, and faftened it to the ground, by placing on the top upwards of a thoufand weight of ftones. It had a double plank door, and in a fmall place in one corner were put two fmali hogs, fo fecured that the tiger could not peflibly get at them. The decor was fet open, like that, of arat-trap.. The ftratapem fucceeded fo well, that three daysat eiwards the animal was caught. He did not, as it was expected, roar out on finding him=— felf enfnared, but immediately fet to wok with his teeth in order to cat through the g boards ; * 834 boards; and had not perfons been fla- tioned to watch the trap, he would have effected his efcape in the courfe of half or three quarters of an hour, for he foon sent the inner from the outer door, and gnawed the pales through half their thick- nefs. Bofinan was called tothe fpot; and, to fecure the animal, he put the muzzle of his gun, loaded with three balls, betwixt the pales. The furious beaft: eagerly catched at it with his meuth, and was _ killed by its fingle difcharge. Contrary to the received opinion, this traveller found that the tiger is not much afraid of fire: for in fpite of the great fires that were kindled for the purpofe of preventing the approach of the above- mentioned animal, he often came appa- rently fearle(s to the fheep-folds, and de- voured his prey unreftrained by the light. THE RACCOON. This animal is frequently hunted by dogs in fome parts of North America, And when it runs up a tree to fave itfelf, which, if poffible, it contrives to do, a man generally climbs after it, and fhakes it to the ground, when the dogs kill it. It is'a very deftru€tive animal amongft poultry, creeping by night into the houfes where they are kept, and fometimes de- ftroying at one onfet a whole ftock. It is eafily tamed, and may even be rendered fo docile as torun about the fireets, like adomeftic animal. But it is altogether impoffible to break it of its mifchievous habit of thieving. Sugar and other {weet meats muft be carefully hidden from it, for if the chefts or boxes containing thefe be not conftantly faftened, it opens them, and devours their contents with great eagernefs. It is on this ac- count chiefly that many perfons are in- duced to forbear the diverfion which this ape-like animal would otlterwife afford them. The fleth of the raccoon is eaten, and is faid to be exceedingly well flavoured. Their kins are ufed in the manufa@lure of hats, and the fur is faidto rank next to that‘of the beaver for excellence. The inhabitants of America frequently wear the tail round their necks in winter. Thefe animals, in their wild ftate, lodge in the hollows of trees during the day, never going out except at night, unlefsthe @ay be cloudy, and unufually dark. Pro- feflor Kaim was informed by feveral per- fons well acquainted with the manners of the raccoons, that in bad weather, efpeci- ally during fow, er ftorms, they will Gleanings in Naturat Hiftory: [O&. 1 fometimes lie in their holes for a week to~ gether without once making their appear- ance abroad. In gardens they often do much damage among the apples, chef- nuts, plums, and grapes. When they obferve a hen fitting on her eggs, they are faid firft to kill the bird, and then devour the eggs. F THE PORCUPINE. Thefe animals are found in plenty inthe woods of Ceylon; and the Dutch fettlers frequently bunt them with dogs. Their fharp quills, however, often faften into the bodies of dogs that rufh too eagerly upon them, fo that it is by no means un- common for them to lofe their livés in the purfuit.—Thunberg’s Travels, vol. ive Pr 233s THE STORK. In the winter feafon ftorks are very numerous in Seville. Almoft every tower in the city is peopled with them, and they return every year each to their proper nefts. They deftroy all the vermin to be found on the tops of the houfes; and from this circumftance and their devouring 2 great number of fnakes, which abound in the neighbourhood, they are confidered by the inhabitants as welcome guefts, and are looked upon with peculiar veneration, . —Dillow's Travels in Spain, p. 308. THE NIGHTINGALE. This bird fpends its winter in Lowey Egypt. Sonnini faw feveral in different parts of the Delta, where they prefer the clofeft covert, and places near the water. Here they do not exert that melodious yoice, nor thofe brilliant modulations which make our European groves refound, The only found they utter here is that kind of hoarfe note, that rattling in the throat, which in Europe fucceeds their ufual ftrains. They arrive in Egypt in the autumn, and depart in {pring. They are, however, perhaps, more freely dit- perfed through Syria, and fome other dii- trists of Afia, than Egypt. Sonnini, however, obferves that they are fufficiently common in the latter country. —Somunizni’s Travels in Egypt vol. ii. p. 52. THE COMMON SNIPE. The fields about Rofetta, which had juft been &ripped of the crop of rice, were filled with fnipes. They were-fingularly numerous. Thefe birds arrive in Egypt in the beginning of November, and pafs their whole winter there.—Sonnint, vol. i, © 3386 ai (‘Te be continued.) ORIGINAL 4805.] ( 235 ) ORIGINAL POETRY, A DIRGE. SPEED on the Night-wind'’s wing, my fighs, While bends my head to earth ; ‘Go, feek the grave where Currie lies, The grave of parted worth! The piercing, rapid, ardent, mind, To ufeful {cience bent ; Th’ expanfive foul, to human kind With free devotion lent 5 Ambition high of noble fame, From pride from envy clear, That burnt, a bright benignant flame, His onward courfe tocheer 5 The beaming eye that lurk’d below The furrow’d brow of thought ; The large difcourfe of lucid flow With bland perfuafion fraught 5 The helping hand, the watchful eye Awake to ev’ry call ; The heartfelt tone of fympathy, ¢¢ That dearer was than all :” Thefe, thefe, grim Death! thy hafty prey, To yon cold tomb are borne, And Mem’ry {till from day to day Mouft linger there to mourn. Speed on the Night-wind’s wing, my Sighs, While bends my head to earth; ~ Go, feek the grave where Currie lies, The grave of parted worth! L, A. I ADDRESSED TO A BRANCH OF THE RIVER AVON. At! happy ftream, that glides away Through vales romantic, wild and gay, Yet fcarcely rippling heard to ftray, A calm unruffied tide ; Whofe placid current, deep and clear, Refle&s the pencil’d land{cape near, And murmurs on the pilgrim’s ear, Who wanders by its fide ; Till loft in lowly thades unfeen, It quits the mild Arcadian fcene, And hides in tangi’d thickets green Its many winding way. Such is the haplefs maiden’s lot, Who penfive loves: by all forgot, To feek fome lone fequefter’d {pot, Or ivy’d cloifter grey. There foon the fufferer finks to reft, No more with earthly cares oppreft, — ~ And o’er that once lov’d heaving breaft The quivering alders wave. Yet Cynthia, emprefs of the night, Defcending oft, with dewy light, Zn Garry zone and circlet bright, Shall blefs the veftal’s grave, M, THE YEAR’s LAST DAY. WESTWARD, with declining motion, Sinks the fun, the king of day, Early, from the eaftern ocean, To emerge with golden ray. Now we view no Flora clofing In the dufk her fleeping traing Or the dawn of morn difclofing All the beauties of her reign. Tho’ Winter fpurn her lilies, rofes, Yet Lucilia, Nature’s child, *Mid the ftorms of night repofes, . Like the {now-drop in the wild. Vicit. a DE HOROLOGIO PULVEREO. PERSPICUUS vitro pulvis qui dividit horas, Dum vagus anguftum fepe recurrit iter, Olim erat Alcippus, qui Gallz ut vidit ocel- los, Arfit, et eft fubito fagtus ab igne cinis. Irrequiete cinis! miferos teftabere amantess More tuo, nulla poffe quiete frui. IMITATED: THE fand, that ceafelefs in the cryftal pours Its narrow ftream, and marks the fleeting hours, Was young Nicander once, nor fame difrufts By Clara’s fparkling eyes confum’d to duft ; Which, never now at reft, informs mankind, That love is deftin’d no repofe to find. E. Harwood. sae For the Monthly Magazine. W HY is the rofe, whofe fweets regal’d the fenfe, When blooming on his mofly native tree, Far to a ftranger’s breafl tran{planted thence, No more an objeé& of delight to me? Why is the Nymph, whom once, with fond defire I cherifh’d as the darling of my heart, An alien—from whofe fight I now retire, As fhuns the wary bird the fowler’s art? She charms another with her winning grace, With fecret glance lights up his longing eye; And bluthes when fhe marks his {miling face, Her looks, her fmiles, her bluthes tell me why! Thus, when a child, Ithought the moon was mine— Y Queen of the blue and ftarry realms of night! } But Jo! her heav’nly beauties only fhine, Enamour’d of the Sup, h¢r God of light. G ga LOVE 236 : LOVE ELEGY. THE frarkling wine foams high—a truce to Carel wid Time bids us hafte celeftial joys to fip; The {miling bev’rage, like a wanton fair, ak from the cup to meet the glowing ip. And will ye flight the rofy God of Wine? Deep in the bowl diffolve’ Love’s magic pearl 5 For coy and cruel nymphs forbear to pine, Pleafure knows none but the kind, wil- *. ling girl. Cupig! vile urchin, in Love’s laft campaign, Deep was my wound when mifchief wing’d " thy dart! But tell me, Chloe, what was thy difdain? With keener woe it rent my bleeding heart, Like fome poor ghoft, whofe grave knows no . repofe, Iwalk’d the night, devour’d with wan ~, defpair: Scaling the cliff, tho’ bent with heavy woes, Tplung’d amidft the waves to drown my * Wicates Cold was the fea that quench’d my bofom’s fire . = +. . | Love fank o'erwhelm’d amidit old Ocean’s be roar; ° 4 Loud rav’d the wind, yet calm grew each defires i" © I curft) my fair one’s charms—~and fought the fhore. fi £€ Unfeeling Ocean,” weeping Cupids fung, €¢ Could not our pray’rs"your cruel bofom move ? : ¢* When-from your womb our mother, Venus; {prung, _ € Alas! bow could you prove the Death », of Love? , Hirario. oe * For the’ Moathly Magazine. HA !, to thee, Maid? of power divine, Thou who ean make the future fhine, . In. Flatt’ry’s colours drett : : Bring with thee fcenes of. fairy joy, Unmix’e with care, ‘or bafe alloy, * And footh my foul to reft. Borne on thy pow’rful wings, I foar . Beyond Britaniia’s happy fhore, soo * Hope. Original Poetry. To Eaftern climes afar; Where* Science firft her iron bands Burft, andillum’d the neighb’ring lands With her bright beaming ftar, Where Britith warriors oft have bled, And oft mix’d glorious with the dead, To ferve their Country’s'caufe: | ; Where Clive viétorious laurels gain’dy _ W here Haftings juttly was arraign’d By injur’d Britain’s laws. Ere three revolving years are paft, My eyes thy golden coafts at laft May view in real drefs; Where Ganges rolls lis foatning floods Thro’ fruitful plains and dreary woods, My ‘imbs the green earth prefs, Knutsford, Sept. 4, 18c5. A, —= ae THE MISANTHROPE. WELCOME thou blafting form ! That, burfting, wrecks the peas fant’s humble hope, Thou fhowefi me Nature in congenial form, And rend’it a world to joy a Mifanthrope. Each fire-flafh tranfport gives, And dark delight each thundering peal in- {pires ; #2 It feems as Hell was {wallowing all that lives, f And gulphing Nature in eternal fires. Yet once this bofom glow’d With ev’ry generous impuife youth can raife Frefh-blooming Hope illumin’d life’s dark toad, f And fmiling Pleafures feem’d to court my. ways. ' But foon the Tempett’s gloom In leaden clouds enwrapt’each joy-gilt feene 5 Smooth fawning Treachery lurd me to my, daom, And tang apsty curfe on all the fons of men. : Power of the blafting Storms! _ Pour on each mortal head the lighthing*s rage! : Give Natute to her elemental forms, And bjot-the world from thy recording page! a ha om * Alluding to*the ‘progrefsof Science from the Eaft tothe Weltern World. hoN - EXTRACTS 1805.] Mf Crary Extra&s from ‘the Port-folio of a Man-of Letters, DR. WILLIAM BROOME. N an original letter to hyn from Mr.Pope, dated Auguit 29, 1730, and giving him an account of Elijah Fenton’s death, was this curious paflage. ‘* I condole with you from my heart, on the lols of fo worthy a man, and a friend to us beth. Now he is gone I muft tell you, he has done you many a good office, and fet your charaéter in the faireft light to fome, who either miftook you, or knew you not. T doubt not be hag dene the fame, for me.— Adiew! Let us love his memory, acd profit byhis example.” EPITAPH ON AN ASS. The Milanefe author of ‘ Voyage d’Ef- paghe fait en Année 1755, tranflated into French from the Italian, by Pere de Livoy, Barnabite, Paris, 2 vols. 8vo. 177235 at p. 101 of vol. ji. gives 2 very ingenious and epigrammatical epitaph in Italian up- on the afg which carried his baggage, among which were-his books, and by fall- ing into a ditch, was drowned, by which means his books were fpoiled. He had the afs buried and made the following epi- taph upon it ; but the beauty and poignancy is not preferved in any of the tranflations. It was in his paflage be- tween Valladolid and Salamanca. Qui @un pigro afinel ripofan l’ofia, Che non ufo a portar di libri il pondo . Cadde, e mon nella vicina fofla, ' Seco traendo tutti i libri al fondo. Deh! paflagier, *chai pizzicore, et pofla Di trafcinar volumi per lo mondo, Non ti venga, per dio! la fantafia Di mai fidare agli afin libraria. C’ygit maitre baudet, : moire; Ouj, de livres portant un trop pefant fardeau, Perit, en les fauflant dans un foffé pleiad’ . eau, Pour dernier trait de fon hiftoire. O vous! de vos livres jaloux, Woyageurs, qui croiriez perdre la Tramon- tane Sils n’etoient par tout-avec vous, . Gasdez-vous d’en charger un Ane. d@ingolente me- On m’avertit, que cette Epitaphe etant en Italien, ne feroit pas communément intendue ; c’eft pourquoij’en fis en Efpag- no) une autre que voici: , Aqui yace fepultado Un Borricho dedichardo ue caendoen fatal rio, ebrecito, fe mozivy &« Ni. Por traen’ libros atados,, Que quedaron bien mojados : Epor efio no uegoa fer En Salamanco Bachiller. D’un Ane ici c’eft le Tombeau, Glorieux de porter de livres une charge, Au bord de cette foflé il marchait trop aw large, Et culbutant, perit en les faufflant dans Veau ! Tl alloit avec gravité ; Mais malheur a qui le pied manque ! Sans cet ’echec il eut été Fait Bachelier de Salamanque. PHYSICIANS. In the remoteft ages, the Egyptians had no other pbyficians than their prielts, This cuffom cbtained likewife amongft the Syrians and Hebrews. Afa firft ufed the affittance of proper phyficians, and was reproved for it: 2 Chron. xvi, 126 The fame cuftom prevailed in India and. all over the Eaft, The ancient Tartars and Mongculs had no other phyficians than ‘their priefis: and we find it fo at prefent among all the lavage nations of Siberia, and even in America. —Acccuut of the Nations of the Ruffian Empire. JOHN STRYPE. In one of the letters of Dr. Samuel Knight, canon of Ely, dated Blunthham, near St. Ives, March 24, 1733, is the fol- lowing paflage relating to Strype, the an=, tiquary. “‘I made a vifit to old father Strype when intown lait: he is turned of nisety, yet very brifk and well, only a decay of fight and memory. He would fain have induced me to undertake Archbifhop Bancroft’s Life ; but I have no ftomach to it, having no great opinion of him, on, _ more accounts than one. Hehad a greater inveteracy againft the Puritans than any. of his predeceflors. ‘« Mr. Strype told me, that he had great materials towards the life of old Lord Burghley, and Mr. Fox, the martyrologizt,, which he wilhed he could have finifhed ; but moft of his papers are in charagéters: his grand{on is learning to decipher them,” EDWARD FOX, BISHOP OF HERE= FORD, 1535+ How greatly he was in favour with Henry the VIIIth, may be difcovered by part of a letter wrote by Richard Paite, tits ~ dean 238 dean of St. Paul's, to the king, in 1527, when the affair of the divorce was in agi- tation. « I fende unto your grace herein cloyf-d, an alphabete ia the debrewe tunge, defyryng the fame to delyver the faide alphabete te Mailter Foxe yourfelf, with commandement to hym to gyve geod diligence for to obteine the intelligence thereof, and to have it promptly without bocke, for he fo doying thall within the f>ace of one monyth have fufficient know- ledge of the Hebrew tunge, for to judge thereby the Lattyn tranflaiion, LXX in- terpreters in Greeke, and the trouth com- pryfed in the Hebvewe bookes, whereby ye thall have a great advantage, when he in whome ye put mootte trufte, fhall truely advertyfe you of the trouth, as I do per- fe&tly knowe he wyll doo, both by his wyfedome, lernynge and fidelite to your highneile for the lytell aquayntance I have made with hym.”” This leiter was firt printed in Korfer Codicis of Robert Wakefield in 1528. TO THE REV. MR. COLE AT MILTON NEAR CAMBRIDGE. Maifon, near Gloucefler, dug. 35, 1774+ ‘© DEAR SIR, -¢t AST am your difciple in Antiqui- ties (for you fiudied them, when I was but a (coffer) I think it my duty to give you fome account of my journeyings in the good caufe. You will not diflike my date. I amin the very manfion, where King Charles J, and his two eldett fons lay, during the fiege; and there’are marks of the laft’s hacking with his hanger on a win- dow, as he told Mr. Selwyn’s grand-father afterwards. The prefent mafter has done due honour to the royal refidence, and ere&ted a good marble buft of the Martyr, ina littlegallery. In a window isa fhield in painted glafs, with that King’s, and his Queen’s arms, which I gave him; fo you fee I am not a rebel, when alma mater Antiquity ftands god-mother. «¢ ] went again to the cathedral, and on feeing the monument of Edward IT, a new hiftoric doubt ftarted, which I pray you to folve. His majefty has a longifh beard, and fach were certainly worn at that time, Who is the firft hiftorian that tells the “ftory of his being fhaven with cold water from a ditch, and weeping to fupply warm, as he was carried to Berkeley- caftle? Is not this apocryphal? The houfe whence Bp. Hooper was carried to the ftake is ftill fianding tale quale. I made a vifit to his aftual fucceffor War- Eurton, who is very inficm, Speaks with _ with their mitre on. Extradis from the Portfolio of « Man of Letters [OR f; much hefitation, and, they fay, begins to lofe his memory. They have deftroyed the beautiful cro’, The two battered heads of Hen. III, and Edw. III, are in the pott-mafter’s garden. : ‘* Yefterday I made a jaunt four miles hence, that pleafed me exceedingly, to Prinknafh, the individual villa of the Abbots of Gloucefter. I wifhed you there It ftands on a glo- rious but impracticable hill, in the midi of a little foreft of beech, and commanding Elyfium. The houfe is fmall, but has good rooms, and though modernized here and there, not extravagantly, Onthe ceil- - ing of the hall is Edward the IVth’s jovial device—A Faucon ferrurfe. The chapel - is Jow and fmall, but antique, and with painted glafs, with many angels in their coronation robes ; i.e, wings and crowns. Henry VIII, and Jane Seymour lay here; in the dining room are their arms in glafs, and cf Catherine of Arragon, and of Brays, and Bridges. Under a window, a barbarous bas-relief head of Harry, young: as it is ftill on a fign of an ale. houfe, on the defcent of the hil]. Think of my amazement, when they fhewed me the chapel plate, and I found onit, on four pieces, my own arms, quartering my mo- ther-in law Skerrel’s, and in a fhield of pretence, thofe of Fortefcue; certainly by miftake, for thofe of my fifter-in-law; as the barony of Clinton was in abeyance between her and Fortefcue Lord Clinton. The whole is modern and blundered: for Skerrel fhould be impaled, not quartered,’ and inftead of our creft, are two fpears tied together in a ducal coronet, and no coronet for my brother, in whofe time this plate muft have been made, and at whofe fale it was probably bought; as he finifh- ed the repairs of the church at Houghton, for which I fuppofe, this decoration was intended. Bont the filver-{mith was no he- rald you fee. «© As I defcended the hill, I found, in a wretched cottage, achild, in an ancient oaken cradle, exactly in the form of that lately publifhed trom the cradle of Edward II. I purchafed it for five fhillings, but don’t know whether I thall have fortitude enough to tranf{port it to Strawberry-hill. ~ People would conclude me in my fecond childhood. “© Today I have been at Berkeley, and Thornbury-cattles. The firft difappointed me rauch, though very entire. It is much fmaller than I expeéted, but very entire, except a {mall part burnt about two years ago, while the ‘prefent earl was in the houfe. The fire began in the houfe-keep- era :18035.] Extradis from the Port-folio of a Man of Letters. er’s room, who neverappeared more; but as the was ftriét over the fervants, and not 2 bone of her was found, it was fuppofed that fhe was murdered, and the body con- veyed away. The fituation is not elevated, hor beutiful, and little improvements made of late, but fome filly ones a’ la Chinoife by the prefent dowager. In good footh, I can give you but a very imper- fe&t account; for, inftead of the lord’s being gone to dine with the mayor of Gloucefter, as I expected, I found him in the midft of all his captains of the mi- litia. Iam fo fillily thy of ftrangers, and youngfters,*that £ hurried through the chambers and looked for nothing but the way out of every room. I jult obferved, that there were many bad portraits of the family, but none antient; as if the Be:ke- leys had been commiflaries, and raifed themfelves in the lait war. Thereis a plentiful addition of thofeof Lord Beikeley of Stratton; but no knights templars, or barons as old as Edward the I; yet are there three beds, on which there may have been as frifky doings three centuries ago, as there probably have been within thefe ten years. The room fhewn ior the mur- der of Edward II, and the ‘ fhrieks of an agonizing king,” 1 verily beli¢ve to be ge- nuine. It is a difmal chamber, almott at top of the houfe, quite detached, and to he approached only by a kind of foot- bridge, and from that defcends a large flight of fteps that terminate on flrong ‘gates, exaétly a fituation for a corps de Rarde. In that room they fhew yeu 2 caft of a face in plaifter, and tell you, it was taken from Edward’s. I was not quite fo eafy of faith about that; for it is evidently the face of Charles the I. «« The fteeple of the church, lately re- built handfomely, ftands fome paces from the body; in the latter are three tombs of the old Berkeleys, with cumbent figures, The wife of the Lord Berkeley, who was fuppofed to be privy to the murder, hasa curious head-gear; it is like a long horfe- fhoe, quilted in quatre foils, and, like Lord Toppington’s wig, allows no more than the breadth of a half crown to be difcover- ed of the face.—Stay, I think I miftake ; the bufband was a con{pirator againft Rich- ard Il, not Edward. But in thofe days, loyalty was not fo rife as at prefent. “ From Berkeley-caftle I went to Thornbury, of which the ruins are half Tuined: it would have been glorious if finifhed, I-with the lords of Berkeley had 239 retained the fpirit of depofing till Harry the VIIIth’s time! The fituation is fine, though that was not the fathion; for all the windows of the great apartment look into the inner court.. The profpeS% was lefito the fervants. Here I had two ad- ventures: I could find no body to thew me about. J faw a paltry houfe that [ took for the fexton's at the corner of the clot, and bade my fervant ring, and afk, who could thew me the caftle. A voiceina paffion flew from a cafement, and iffued froma divine : * What! what was it Ais bufinefs to fhew the caltle! go look for fome body elfe! what did the tellow ring for, as if the hou‘e wason fire!’ The poor Swifs-came back in a fright, and faid, the doétor had {worn at him. Well, we fcrambled over a ftone flyle, faw a room ortwo glazed near the gate, and rung at it. A damfel came forth, anc fatished our curiofity. When we had done feeing, I faid, ¢ Child we don’t know our way, and want to be directed into the London road ; I fee the duke’s (leward yonder at the win. dow; pray defire him to come to me, that I may confult him.’ She went: he ftood ftaring at us at che window, and {ent his foot-man. I do not think Courtney is refi- dent at Thornbury. As I returned threugh the clofe, the divine came running out of breath, and without his beaver, or band, and calls out, ¢ Sir, Iam come to jufity myfelf; your fervant fays, I fwore at-him3 J am no fwearer—Lord blefsne! (drop. ping his voice) is it Mr. Walpole!’ © Yes fit, and I think you was Lord Beauchamp’s tutor, at Oxford, but I have forgot your name.” ¢ Holwell, fir.* ‘Oh, yes;’ and then I comforted him and laid the ill- breeding on my footman’s being a foreign. er, but could not help faying, I really had taken his houfe for the fexton’s, ‘Yes, fir, it is not very good without, won't you pleafe to.walk in?’ I did, and found the infide ten times worfe, and a lean wife fuckling a child. He was making an in- dex to Homer, is going to publith the chief beauties; and I believe had jult been reading fome of the delicate civilities that pals between Agamemnon and Achilles, and that what my fervant took for oaths, were only Greek compliments.” Adieu. *© You fee I have not a line more of P3pere « Your's ever, ** Honack WALPOLE.” MEMOIRS ‘ | ( 240) — [OR 45 MEMOIRS OF EMINENT PERSONS. MEMOIR of the late DR. CURRIE of LIVERPOOL. AMES CURRIE, M. DP. was bors J at Kirkpatrick-Fleming in Dumfries- fhire, on May 31ft, 1756. His father was the eftablifhed minifter of that parith, whence he afterwards removed to that of Middlebie. Dr. Currie was an only fon: of fix fifters, two’alone are now furviving. He received the rudiments of learning at the parifh fchool of his native place,. whence he wes transferred to the grammar- f{chool of Dumfries, one of the mof repu- table feminaries of the kind in Scotland. His original defination was for a commer- cial life, and he pafled fome years of his youth in Virginia in a mercantile Ration Difliking this profeffion, and unwilling to be a witnefs of the impending troubles in the American colonies, he quitted that country in 1776, and in the following year commenced a courfe of medical ftudy at the univerfity of Edinburgh, which oc- cupied him almof without interruption for three years. A profpeé& of an appoint- ment in the medica] ftaff of the army, which would not admit of the ufual delay of an Edinburgh graduation, induced him to take the degree of Doctor of Phylic at Glafgow. He arrived, however, in Lon- don too late for the expected place; but ftill determining to go abroad, he had taken his paffage in a fhip for Jamaica, when a fevere indifpofiticn prevented his failing, and entirely clianged his lot in life. He renounced his firft intention; and, after fome con Sderation refpeéting an eligible fettlement, he fixed upon the com- mercial and rapidly increafing tewn of Liverpool, which became his refidence from the year 178r. The liberal and enlightened character which has long-diftinguifhed many of the leading inhabitants of that place, rendered “Gt a peculiarly favourable ‘theatre for the difplay of the moral and intelleétual en- dowments for which Dr. Currie was con- fpicuous, and he foon rofe into general efteem. Indeed, it was not poffible, even upona cafwal acquaintance, fora judge of mankind ‘to fail of being-ftruck by ‘his manly urbanity of behaviour, by the ele- gance and variety of his converfation, by the folid fenfe and fagacity of his remarks, and by the tokens of a feeling heart, which graced and dignified the qualities of his underftanding. No man was ever more highly regarded by his friends ; no phyfi- cian ever infpired more confidence and ate tachment in his patients. in 1783, Dr. Currie madea very defira- ble matrimonial connexion with Lucy, the daughter of ‘William Wallace, Efy. an Irifh merchant in Liverpool. Of this marriage a numerous and amiable family was the fruit, by which his name pro- miles to be worthily perpetuated. His profeffisnal employment rapidly increafed; he was elected one of the phyficians of the Infirmary, and took his ftation among the diftinguifhed charaéters of the place of his refidence. His firft appearance from the prefs was on occafion of the lamented death of his intimate friend Dr. Bell, a young phyfi- cian of great hopes fettled at: Manchefter. His elegant and interefting tribute to the memory of this perfon was publifhed in 1785, in the firft volume of the Tranfac- tions of the Manchetter Philofephical and Literary Society, of which they were both members. He was elected a member of the London Medical Society in 1790, and communicated to it a paper-** On Te- tanus and Convulfive Diforders,” publith- ed in the third volume of its Memoirs. In 1792, he became a Fellow of the Royal Society. A very curious and° inftrudtive «© Account of the remarkable Effects of a Shipwreck,’” communicated by him to that hody, was publifhed in the Philofo- phical Tranfaétions of that year. The mind of Dr. Currie was not made to be confined to a narrow range of {pecu- Istion, and nothing interefting to human fociety was indifferent to, or unconfidered by, him. The war with France confe- quent to its great revolutionary ftruggle was regarded “by him, as it was by many other philanthropilts, with difapprobation, with refpeét as well toits principles, as to its probable effect on the happinefs of both countries. A pamphlet which appeared in 1793, under the title of ** A Letter Commercial and Political addreffed to the Right Hon. William Pitt, by Jafper Willon, Efg,” was generally underftood to proceed from his pen. The energy of language, the weight of argument, and the extent of information, difplayed in it, drew upon it a large fhare of notice. It foon attained a fecond edition, and various an{wers attefted the degree of importance ‘attached to it-in the public eftimation. One of the refpondents took the unwar- rantable liberty of direétly addrefling Dr. Currie, . 3805.) . Currie, in print, as the author, at the fame time affeéting the familiarity of an inti- mate acquaintance, although no corref- pondence between them had fubfifted for a number of years. It can fcarcely be doubted that this infringement of the rules of liberal controverfy was made with the malignant purpofe of expofing Dr. Currie to popular odium, and injuring him in his profeffion. He felt it as fuch; but the particular line of his principal connexions, together with the folid bafis of the charac- ter he had eftablifhed, enabled him to de- {pife the efforts of party malice. The greater diflinétion a profeflional man acquires from purfuits not kelonging to his profeffion, the more neceflary it be- comes for him to bring himfelf into no- tice asa fuccefsful votary of the art or fcience to which his primary attention is due. Of this point Dr. Currie was very tar from being neglectful. To thofe who employed him he was abundantly known asa fkilful and fedulous practitioner, and the medical papers he had already publifh- ed gave him reputation among his bre- thren. This reputation was widely ex- tended and raifed to an eminent degree by a publication. which firft appeared in Oc. tober 1797, intitled ‘* Medical Reports on the Effe&ts of Water Cold and Warm as a Remedy in Febrile Difeafes ; with Obfervations on the Nature of Fever, and on.the Effets of Opium, Alcohol, and Inanition.” The practice of affufion of cold water in fevers, which is the leading topic in this work, was fuggefted to the author by Dr. Wright's narrative in the London Medical Journal of his fuccefstul treatment of a fever ina homeward-bound fhip from Jamaica. Dr. Currie copied and greatly extended it, and inveftigated the principles by which its ufe fhould be di- rected and regulated. He difcovered that the fafety and advantage of the applica- tion of cold was proportionate to the ex- ifling augmentation of the animal heat, ' and he found the thermometer a very va- luable initrument to direct the praétition- er’s judgment in. febrile cafes. He may therefore be confidered as the principal author of a practice which has already been attended with extraordinary fuccefs in numerous inftances, and bids fair to prove one of the greateft medical, im- provements in modern times. The work, which contained many ingenious {peculations and valuable obfervations, was very generally read andadmired. A new volume was added_to it in 1804, con. Monrary Mac. No, 134. Memiir of the late Dr. Currie of Liverpool. 241 fiting of much interetting matter on dif ferent topics, efpecially in confirmation of the doétrine and practice of the former volume refpeéting cold affufion, The free and fuccefsful employment of this remedy in the {carlatina. was one of its moft important articles. The author had the fatisfaction of receiving numerous acknowledgments of the benefit derived from his inftruétions both in private and in naval and military practice. He bim- felf was fo much convinced of the utility of the methods he recommended, thar a re- vifion of the whole work for a new edition was one of the lateft labours of his life. , Dr. Currie might now, without danger to his profeffional character, indulge his inclination for the ornamental parts of li- terature 3 and anoccafion offered in which he had the happinefs of rendering his talte and his benevolence equally confpi- cuous. Onavilit to his native county in 1792 he had become perfonally ac- quainted. with that ruftic fon of genius Robert Burns, This extraordinary but . unfortunate man having at his death left his family in great indigence, a fubfcrip- tion was made in Scotland for their imme- diate relief, and at the fame time adefign was formed of publifhing an ed.tion of his printed works and remains for their‘emo- lument. Mr, Syme of Ryedale, an old and intimate friend of Dr. Currie, ftrongly urged him to undertake theoffice of editor ; and to this requelt, in which other friends of the poet’s memory con- curred, he could not withhold his acqui- efcence, notwithttanding his mul iplied engagements. In 1800 he publifhed in 4 vols. 8vo. ** The Works af Robert Burns, with an Account of his Life and a Criticifm on his Writings : to which are prefixed fome Obfervations on the Charac- ter and Condition of the Scottifh Peatan- try.” Thefe volumes were a rich treatto the lovers of poetry and. elegant litera- ture, and Dr. Currie’s part in them, as a biographer and critic, was greatly admir- ed, as well'for beauty of fiyle as for jibe- rality of fentiment and fagacity of re- mark. If any objeétion was made to bim as an editor en account of unneceflary ex- tenfion of the materials, the kind purpofe for which the publication was undertaken pleaded his excuie w-th all who were ca- pable of feeling its force. Its fuccefs fully equalled the mot fanguine expeétations,— Repeated editions produced a_ balance of profit which formed a little fortune for the deftitute family; and Dr. Currie Hh might 042 might congratulate himfelf with having been one of the moft effectual friends of departed genius that the annals of Britith poetry record, Every plan for promoting liberal ftu- dies and the improvement of the human mind had in him a zealous and aStive fup- porter. In the formation of thofe literary intitutions which have done fo much ho- nour to the town of Liverpoo), he, with his intimate and congenial friend, the diftin- guifhed author of the Lives of Lorenzo ‘de’ Medici and Leo X., ftood among the foremoft ; and their names were always conjoined when mention was made of the worth and talents which dignified their place of abode. No cultivated traveller Vifited Liverpool without foliciting Dr. Currie’s acquaintance, and his reception ‘of thole introduced to him was eminently polite and hofpitable. Tn his Life of Burns, remarking upon that partiality for their own country which appears aloft univerfully in the natives of Scotland, he has ob/erved, that ‘it differs in its chara&ter according to the character of the different minds in which itis found ; in fome appearing a felfihh prejudice, in others a generous affection.” He was himfelf a_ftriking exemplification of this fact; for the fentiment in him was principally fhewn in the kindnefs with which he received all his young countrymen who came recommended to his notice, and the zeal with which he ex- erted himfelf to procure them fituations fuited to their qualifications. Indeed, a Gifpofition in general to favour the pro- grels of deferving young peifons was a prominent feature in his charaéter. He loved to‘converfe with them, and mingled valuable information with cheering encou- ragement. 2 * Though externally of a vigorous frame ‘of body, Dr. Currie had a predifpolition to thofe’ complaints: which ufuaily — fhorten life ; and in the’ year 1784 he had experi- énced a pulmonary attack ofan alarming Yhature, from which he was‘extraordina- lily recovered by the ufe of horfe-exercile, as related by himfelf in his cafe inferted in the 2d volume of Dr. Darwin's Zoono+ mia. He sas, however, feldom long free from ‘threatniigs of:a return, and his health began'vibbly -o decline in the early part of 1804. In the fummer uf that “year he took a joufiey to Scotland, where among other fources of gratification he had that of witnefling the happy effeéls of his kindnefs on the family of Burns. Memoir of the late Dr. Currie of Liverpool. [O&Ys His letters on this occafion were delight- ful difplays of benevolence rejoicing in its work. He returned with fome temporary amendment ; but alarming fymptoms foon returned, and in November he found it neceflary to quit the climate and bufi- nefs of Liverpool. How feverely his de- parture was felt by thofe who had been accuftomed to commit their hea'th and that of their families to his fkill and ten- dernefs, can only be eftimated by thofe who have experienced a fimilar lofs. He fpent the winter alternately at Clifton and Bath; and in the month of March appear- ed to himfelf in a ftate of convalefcence which juftified his taking a houfe in Bath, and commencing the prattice of his profef- fion. From the manner in which his career opened, there could be no doubt that it would have proved eminently fuccefsful ; but the concluding fcene was hattily ap- proaching. As-a laft refource he went in Augult to Sidmouth, where, after much fuffering, which he bore with manly fer- titude aud pious refignation he expired on Auguft a1f, 1805, in the soth year of his age. His difeafe was afcertained to be a great enlargement and flaccidity of the heart, accompanied with remarkable waiting of the left lang, but without ul. ceration, tubercle, or abcefs. Few men have left the world witha more amiable and eflimable character, proved in every relation of life public and domeftic. In his profeffional condué he was upright, liberal, and honourable ; with much fenfibility for his patients with- out the affe&tation of it ; fair and candid towards his brethren of the faculty ; and though ufually decided in his opinion, yet entirely free from arrogance or dog- matifm. His behaviour was fingularly calculated to convert rivals into friends ; aid fome of thofe who regarded him with the greateft efteem and affectibn have been the perfons whodivided practice with him. To his charaéter in this point a moft‘ho- nourable teftimony has» been given in a fhert article infert-d in a Bath new{paper hy the worthy and Jearned Dr. Falconer His powers of mind were of the highett rank, equally fitred tor a&tion and {pecula- tion: his morals were pure 5 his princi- ples exalted. His life,» though much too fhort to fatisfy the withes of his friends and family, was' long énough for fienal ufefulnefs and for lafting fame. ‘ale 6 AR Stoke-Newwington, : os September 19, 1805. 1805.} {. 243.) PROCEEDINGS OF LEARNED SOCIETIES. ROYAL IRISH ACADEMY. R. Preston, fome time fince laid before this body, a very interefting and elaborate paper, under the title of an &*Eflay on the natural Advantages of Ire- land, the Manufactures to which they are adapted, and the beft Means of improving thofe Manufactures.’ Thiseflay is di- vided and fubdivided into many parts : the great divifions relate, firft, To the natural advantages of Ireland, with regard to ma- nufactures ; and, fecondly, he fhows how they may be extended and improved, The climate of Ireland is mild, tempe- rate, and {alubrious, and rhe natural ferti- lity of the foil fuperior to that of England : the rocks even are clothed with grafs. Thole of lime-ftone with a thin covering of mold have the meft beautiful verdure, fo that fheep-walks feern to be pointed out by nature, as the proper deftination for a great portion of the foil of this ifland. Befides thefe, there are vat tradts of mounrainous ground adapted to the rearing and breed- ing numbers of black cattle, which are expeditioufly fattened in the rich and moift plains below, Few countries are watered in an equal degree with Ireland. She boatts of a multitude of rivers, many of them na- vigable, and of ftreams innumerable, which, fays Mr. P., ‘ while they refrefh the foil, and ernbellifh the fcene, invite the hand of induftry, to lay out bleach. greens, eltablifh manufaétures, and ereéct mills and machinery on the banks.” Hence alfo the means of intercourfe of all parts of the kingdom with each other by inland navigation. The bowels of the earth are rich in mines of copper, lead, and iron: they produce alfo coals and culm move than fufficient for the confumption of the coun- 4ry, and a variety of other mineral fub- ftances of great ufe in the manufactures. Treland pofleffes inexhauftible quarries of beautiful marble, and all the materials for building, wood only excepted, in the greateft profufion, __ Mr. P, thews that the fituation of | Ire- Jand, with refpeék to foreign relations and commerce, is peculiarly favouable to the encouragement of induftry, and the ad- _ vancement of produétive labour, The principal difadvantages gre the want of timber, and of fuel which is fo necef- fary in almott all the manufactures. .In another part ,of this Effay,. Mr, Preflon inveftigatss the pature and prin- ciples of the chief manufaétures of Tree land, with a view of determining which is the beft adapted to the country. The Linen trade, he fays, replaces three diftiné&t capitals which had been employed in pro= dudtive labour: the capital of the farmer, who produced the flax; the capital of the mafter manufasturer, who employed the hands in its progrefs to the ftate of linen web § and the capital of the bleacher whe finifhes it for confumption. Mr. P. lays it down as an axiom, thata manufacture is entitled to diltinguifhed preference, which can he fabricated whol- ly, or for the molt part, from domeftic ma- terials, This praife is peculiarly due to the linen manufaéture, fince almoft all the money advanced from the capital of the fociety to fet in motion the linen manu- facture, circulates within the fociety itfelf. From the moment of the feed being firft put into the ground, to the time of its be= “ ing exhibited in the market, in the form of a piece of white linen, every thing is the native growth of the foil, every thing the produétive Jabour of the inhabitants of the country, This manufa&ture poffcfles another excellence ; it carries the produc- tive labour of the workman to the higheft pitch of value. The acquired value, which the {kill and exertion of the manufacturer beftow, in the progrefs of the manutaéture, is greater, in proportion to the intrinfic va- Jue of the raw materials in the lintn manu- faGture, than in molt others. The fame parcel of flax may be made intd a piece of common linen, worth two fhillingsa yard, or into a piece of cambrick of twelve times the value ; merely, by the different exer- tions of the fpinners and weavers. A cir- cumftance of peculiar excellence in. the Jinen manufa&ure is its intimate Connectioa with agriculture; it not only employs the people a&tually engaged in the manufuc- ture ittelf, but alfo, the hufBandman in raifing the primum about which it is con- verfant. The cultivation of flax is attend- ed with confiderable profit, and it employs great numbers of women and children who might be otherwife a burden on the com- munity. In the fame way Mr. P. examines and difeufles at large the advantages and dilad- vantages that attend upon the wooilen and, cotron mamufactures. He then devotes a fection of his Effay to a comparilon of the three manufactures, deciding clearly ig favour of the Jinen. “He then proceeds to ba notive 244 notice the filk manufacture; and after- wards that of hard-ware, and others where fire is a principal agent. The principal obftacles to the fuccefs of thefe branches of trade are the want of capital and the want of fuel. In {peaking of glafs, as one of thofe manufatures that require a large capital and much fuel, Mr. P. fays, *¢ Glafs is.a fubliance of fuch an unbound- ed variety of ufes and forms; it is capable of being wrought up to fuch a furprizing degree of brilliancy ; it not only contri- botes fo much to the embellifhment of our houfes and tables, but is fo neceffary, in an infinite varicty of applications, to the comfort and convenience, the cleanlinefs and health of man; that it muft quickly become an object of great confideration in every country where induftry refides. Confider the prodigious advantages of glazed windows, in our climate, where the fun is feldom fo powerful, that we fhould with to exclude him, and where the object of the architeét muft be to tranfimit as much light as poffible,’ and, at the fame time, to exclude the damp air. Confider the variety of ufeful veffels, for common purpofes, that are, formed” of this fub- ftsnce ; confider its important fervices to {cience, ‘particularly in chemittry, optics, and eleétricity. It is no wonder, there- fore, that every country fhould feel the va- lue of this manufacture, and with to exer- cife the arts of producing its fabrics. In fact, the exertions of Ireland have been dire&ted to this branch of induftry ; and her effays, as far as they have extended, have been more fuccefsful, than in moft ther manufa&tures, and refleéted equal Credit on the tafte and application of our workmen.” To the manufacture of glals, Mr. P. recommends as an almoft neceflary appendage co the linen manufaéture that of paper. The fecond part of this Effay relates to the encouragement of manufaétures in Ire. Jand: the confideration of this leads the author to norice the general obftacles to the profperity of trade and manufaétures ; which are, 1. War. 2. Want of tolera- tion, or perfecution. 3. Laws indifcrect- ly meddling, to confine, or vex the manu- facturer in his operations ; fuch are fome of the excife laws. 4. Taxes that check the .confumption of a manufa@ture. 5. Multiplied feftivals. 6. Prejudices re- tpecting ufury, tending to keep moncy out of circulation. -7, Luxury among manu- taéturers, confuming their capital, and cramping their operations. Thefe are the obftacles to the progrels of trade, and it is aflumed by Mr, P. that much encourage- Proceedings of learned Societies. ment of manufactures muft depend on the operations of moral caufes. ¢* Man,” fays he, ** has been too much confidered as amere machine, actuated only by phy- fical impulfes ; and thus have molt econo~ mical writers endeavoured to reduce his exertions, his value and political impor. tance, to abitracét calculations and arith- metical tables. Figures only expreffing quantities can be applied only to objeéts, which are fufceptible of addition and fub- traction ; but when numbers are employ- ed to calculate with exaétnefs national profperity, when they are applied to deve- lope the fecrets of government, and the {prings of human aétion, on which national induftry and exertion depend, they lead to the moit abfurd confequences.”” In treating on the general methods of promoting induftry and the arts, Mr. P. enters at large into a variety of very inter- efting topics; he thews the neceflity of ap- plying philofophy and {cience to manufac- tures, and confiders the effect which abun- dance of provifions and agriculture have upon them: he confiders the beneficial confequences of frugality, and the evils at- tending upon the prodigality of Ireland. “© Prodigality,’’ fays he, ‘* is the pre- vailing difpofition of the Irifh; their ap- parel, their houtes, their attendants, their tables, their equipages, all are in a ftyle refpectively beyond their means. This, too generally begins with the higher or- ders ; and goes on, ina regular graduated fcale, down to the loweft claffes, Every one afpires to a rank above his own, aping its manners, and vying with it in diffipa- tion. The country “{quire, tired of culti- vating his demefne and Jeading the life of unafluming eafe and plenty, that his an- ceftors led before him, mortgages part of his eftate; buys a feat in parliament ; brings his family on the pave of Dublin ; rigs himfelf out in clumfy finery, and fecond-hand airs; haunts levees like a ghoft; befieges the doors of fecretaries, and under fecretaries, like a catch-pole ; and thinks himfelf well rewarded with a place of five hundred a-year during the continuance of his parliamentary being. Foolifh Man! he never ftops to confidery that the fum paid for his return for a bo- rough, together with what he might have accumulated by economy and decent fru- gality, would have purchafed the fee fim- ple of an income as great as that, for which he fatrifices his independence, his quiet, his charaéter, and the moral¥# of his family. ; What does the merchant or fhop-keeper?. ~ He commescts bufine(s with perhaps two thoutfand 1805.] thoufand pounds, which is confidered as a thandfome capital. Tie whole, or the mot part of this capital he expends on the fine of a Jarge houfe, and on furniture. His ftock in trade he obtains on credit. He keeps a pair of hunters, and a harlot. He indulges himfelf in all the pleafures of the table. He frequents the gaming houfe, In hhort, he lives in the ftyle of aman, who had already acquired an ample fortune. He flatters himfelf, that by frequent enter- tainments, and conviviality, he fhall ac- quire friends, and form ufeful connexions. His credit totters,—he gets a wife, with fome money ; this wards off the evil day, for a feafon, only to return with greater certainty ; for the wife is not lefs extrava- gant than the hufband. The man becomes a bankrupt 5; pays two fhillings and fix- pence in the pound; and is happy if he can become a tide-waiter, a gauger, a hearth-money colleétor, or an enfign of mi- litia. He dies, and leaves a race of idle uneducated beggars to burthen the com- munity. Such is the hiftory of many a wire and mafter manufaéturer in Ire- and.” Mr. P. next treats of morals and public inftru&tion, and upon the effects of recu- lations and reftritions in trade. The lat ehapter in the Effay contains obfervations refpe€ting the encouragement of the linen, woollen, cotton, and paper manufactures, and upon. other topics which are deeply in- terefting to the welfare of a people. With- out, however, attempting to follow the author in thefe particulars, we fhall con- clude this account of his Effay by tranfcrib» ing a paflage recommendatory of philofo.. phical knowledge as a mean of promoting the commerce of the country. **Philofophy and feience will contri- bute to the increafe and improvement of manufactures, by difcovering and pointing out for ufe, new fubltances or fuch as were not known or fuppofed to be the produce of the country,—by indicating new, and more profitable applications ef fubstances already known,—by fuggelting profitable ufes for fubftances now known, but neg- lected and unemployed. * Philofophy and. fcience will alfo con- tributeto improve thequality, th: ftrength, the finenefs, the beauty of fabrics, to abridge the labour of the manufacturer. in roducing them, by various improvements in the conftruclion and adapration.of ma- chinery, by calling into aétion the different mechanic powers, as auxiliaiics ¢) mere human fkill, induttry, aud manval ftreogth, “(In toe production of new Lubftances, agriculture, mineralogy,’ and ‘chemillry, Proceedings of learned Societies. 245 may combine their forces. Agriculture will naturalize and raife ufeful plants, which may furnifh new materials for new manufactures, or the preparation of which may, in itfelf, be a manufacture. It is fuppofed, that among other valuable plants, which might be cultivated advan. tageoufly in this country, madder, li- quorice, faffron, hops, hemp, and to~ bacco, offer a fair profpeét of fuccefs. The want of capital, the oppreffive and difcouraging influence of tithes, and the apathy and indolence too generally preva- lent in Ireland, have hitherto proved bars to experiments of this kind. There are many known, and common vegetable fub- ftances, which are now neglected, but might be applied to ufeful puspofes ; thus, as I have obferved, a coarfe texture, fit for making facks, waggoners’ frocks, and other articles of that kind, may be manufactured from the fibres of nettles. There are many common vegetables, which are known to contain the aftringent tanning principle, and might prove ufeful fub{titutes for oak bark in the procefs of tanning leather. There’are many other plants, which would prove excellent in- gredients for the preparation of dying ftuffs. ‘* Mineralogy might difcover many ufe- ful fubftances, the perfect metals, coals, cobalt, fuller’s-earth, ochres, clays and fands for potteries, and the glafs manufac. tures; all theft, by furnifiing new objects and materials of manufacture, would afford new fources of employment to an indul- trious population. Chemiftry, alfo, by producing different fubftances for the pur- pofes. of the dyer, the painter, and other manufaéturers and artis, will greatly en- large the catalogue, and extend the {phere of induftry.”” To Mr. THropuitus Swift was ad- judged, by the Royal Irith Academy, the Gold Prize Medal, for an Effay on the Rife and Progrels of Rhime. The object of this eflay is to prove that rhime has its, origin in no exclufive lan. guage, but is original in ali thofe, where it bath at any time prevailed. To find therefore the origin of rhime, the author less for it in the origin of language it- felf, Another interefting Paper laid before this Academy, confifts ot ** Notices relative to fome of the Native Tribes of North Amevica, by, Joun Dunne, Efg” _ To speaking of Ichikanakoa, a cele, braved chief, he fays, it was he who com- manded the United Indians at the defeat of St. Clair; he was ** an uncommon man 4 for: 216 for with the talents and fame of an accom- plifhed warrior, he is the uniform fupporter of peace and order, among five or fix tribes who put their truft in him; fimple, wife, temperate, ardent in his purfuits; {peaking different languages elcquently, at ached to the hereditary chief of his tribe, whom he fupports though he might fupplant;_ pre- ferving his dignity among the vulgar of every rank, by a correét referve; to his friends, as it were, unembodied, fhewing all the movements of his foul, gay, witty, patheric, playful by turns, as his feclings are drawn forth by natural occafions ; above all things fincere.” ‘¢ While the weapons, dreffes, and trinkets of thefe people find their way into our cabinets ; ornaments drawn from the Indian wardrobe of the mind, the dreffes in which they exhibit the creations of their fancy, may by fome be thought not un- curicus. “«’The North American Indians from the fouth of the Miflouri, and from thence to the Northern Ocean, have no idea of poetry, as it derives its charaéter from rhime or meafure. Their fongs are fhort enthufiaftic fentences, fubjected to no laws ot compofition, accompanied by monoto- nous mufic, either rapid or flow, according to the fubject, or the fancy of the finger. Their apologues are numerous and_inge- Nious, abounding with incidents, and cal- Culated to convey fome favourite leffon. Their tales, tuo, generally inculcate fome New Patents lutely enrolleds oa. I, moral truth, or fome maxita of prudence or policy. In one the misfortunes of a great chief are fo linked with, his vices, and wind up.fo fatally at Jaft, that a man of worth whom he fought to. opprefs, is by his own agency made the inftrument of his ceftruétion, and eftablifhed as his fuc- ceflor. The. private virtues of this fuc- ceflor, particularly his refpeét for the other fex, the want of which was the great vice of his predeceflor, is made the foundation of bis fame and profperity. In another, the particular duties of women are en- forced, by fhowing how certain women who deviated from ordinary rules, were perfecuted by the Manitoo of the woods ; in the progrefs of which, they are made to owe their fafety, in various trials, to fome particular at of female difcretion or delicacy, which they had before neglected. The Indians have their Circe, as well as the Greeks, the is very feducing, and the fate of her votaries very terrible; the ftrokes of the pencil by which fhe is drawn are mafterly, but the tales refpeéting this lady are only calculated for the ears of men. This people, worthy of a better fate, are gradually degenerating and watlt- ing away. Ihave feen, fays Mr. D. an Indian nation already fo degraded, that it cannot produce a fingle orator. Half a century will cfface their belt peculiarities, and, fo multiplied are the caufes of their decline, perhaps extinguifh them altos gether.” NEW PATENTS LATELY ENROLLED. MR. JAMES SHARPLESS, (BATH), for /nevo-tnvented Combinations and Ar- rangements of Implements and Mechanic- al Powers, and certain Principles and Forms of Tables for Surveying, and va- rious other Purpojes. HESFE inventions confit, firft, of two or more wheels, pullies, rings, roll- ers, chains, er cords, toothed or notched, with different numbers of teeth or notches which are any how arranged fo 2s to’ be capable of being impelled, an equal num- ber of teeth or notches’at a time, fo that a fucceflive variation or combination of their parts or points willtake place, by which the number of impitifes that form- ed them may be afcertamned.’ What dif- tinguifhes this part of the ibvention from others intended for afcertaining diftances, and counting animal or mechanical mo- tions, is, that the wheels, pullies, &c. that compofe the inftrument may be feparated and enclofed in different compartments of the fame box, or in feparate boxes, or in feparate rooms: provided they are equally mcved by the fame power, a notch ata time, or (if they are rings, rollers,&c. of different diameters) an equal portion of’ their periphiries. We fhall tranferibe one of the examples given’ by. the 'patentee, “< Let there be two wheels, matked with, characters correfponding with the number of ‘their teeth, and a fixed pdinter faft in the pins that they move upon 3 ahd’ fap- pofe that by ‘any animal or mechanical motion each’ wheel’ has been ‘impelled twenty-three téeth, the larger will have made two revolutions and three over, the fmeller two revolutions and *five: over : thefe numbers three and ‘five, which I call ' indicial, will appear at the pointer. Set down the plenary numbers ter and nine, ( 7 BAR ‘hahaa and” 1805.) and their indicials oppofite to them; fub- tract the firft indicia] 3 from the plenary number 10, and 7 remain, to which add » the indicial 512; but as 12 is more than its plenary number 9, the 9 muft be fubtrafted from it, which leaves 3 ; mul- tiply the plenary 10 by 3303 fubtract the remainder 7 and 23 will be the num- ber fought. This rule will anfwer for any two confequent numbers ; or if there are two points, one at the plenary 10, another at the plenary 9, they will fepa- rate, and coincide by 90 impulfes, at each of which the point 9 will have advanced on the wheel 10, Ath part of its cir cumference, fo that if one of the wheels is graduated with 90 points, and any hand or other pointer is faftened with, or formed out of the other wheel, each im- pulfe will be defignated thereby. If the index is for afcertainine time or diftance, a focket may come through the under wheel, and a hand may be fixed upon it to traverfe either upon the upper wheel, or upon a diai plate, fixed thereto, gradu- ated with any portions of time or diftance. Again let there be two odd numbers, dif- fering by 2, as 11 and 9, any how equally impelled from the points at their plenary numbers, and indicials 3 and 7 are found at certain points on the figure. Here 15 being greater than the plenary 9, nine mult be fubtra&ed, and as the difference between the plenary number is 2, the re- ’ mainder 6 muft be divided by 23, and 3X 11—8=25 the number fought. This Yule will aniwer for any two confcquent add numbers.” Mr. S: gives other inftances in his fpe- cification, and he fays that his rules in their application are fo eafy that a child af eleven years old may aniwer any quel- tion relative to the combinationsextending $0 999900 almoft as foon,as the figures can be writtendown. The advantages of this mode of counting are the {mall ex- pence of the initruments, and. that every impulfe is defgnated without fractional parts, _ A peculiarity which Moore James, Walworth, merchant. (Williams, Curfi- tor ftreet Palmer Henry, Magotsfield, victualler, mn Payne Edward, Taunton, druggift. (Netherfule and Pore tal, Efex treet, Strand Pertord William, Birmingham, maltiter, Srown, Fetter lang (Highmoor, (Dyne, fergeant’s (Ellis, James’s, (James, Gray's (Barber and Rofe William, Great Pultney ftreet, carver and gildefs (Dawne, Henrietta ftreet, Covent garden Randall William, Tooley ftreet. (Cuppage, Queen ftreets _Cheapfide : ; Smith Richard, Lutterworth, mercers (Kinderly, Long and Ince, Symond’s inn Sutcliffe William, Ovenfton, merchant. (Allen, Exley and Stocker, Furnival’s inn ; Sutherland Peter, Portfmouth, (Williams and Brooks, Lincoln's inn Tripp Edward, Barton-upon-Humber, carpenter. (Morris and Brown, Barton-upon-Humber Taylor James, Newton Moor, cotton fpinner. (Ellis, Cure fitor ftreet Williams John, Leigh, Bench Walk, Temple A Wood Thomas, York, dealer in f{pirituous liquorss (Sykes and Knowles, Bofwell court Wilcocke Samuel Hull, Liverpool, merchant, (Cooper and Howe, Southampton buildings Wetherill William, and William Wetherill the younger, Brittol, merchants. (Janles, Gray's inn 5 Walker Richard, Leicelter, dealer and chapman. (Taylory Southampton buildings Willimott James Sebattian, (Wilde, Warwick fquare DIVIDENDS ANNOUNCED. Allen William, final , Allwond Thomas, Great Ruffel ftreet, carver and gilders Otober 22, fiual tayler. cabinetmakers (Hurd, King’s Stamford, Jinen drapere Manchefter, banker, September 255 Berthoud Henry, Broad ftreet, merchant, Ottober 195 final Eartlett William, Portpoo! Janey tallow chandler, ’ Octo ber 26 Brook Samuel and Mark Webfter, Mofley, merchants, _ Ottober 12, final Bird Wijliam Wilberforce, Coventry, filk manufacturers, September 28 Bae John, Kefwick, dealer and chapman, Octo- er 2 Curry James, final Cole Thomas, Daggenham, baker, September 21 Coulthard Ano, Cumberland, innkeeper, October 10 Manchefter, merchant, September 245 ou tnane John, Shaws, dealer and chapman, Ottoe erro Clerke, the Rey. Sir William Henry, bart. Bury, miller Gctuber g A Curtifs Thomas, Radford, bleacher, October 9 Campbell Barnabas, Prince’s tquare, infurance brokerg September 28 v4 Duffy Thomas, Manchefter, dealer, September 19 Dawion Robert, Oxford ftreet, O€tober tg Dale William, Perworth, miller, O¢tober 9, final Davies Edward. Ivy lane, furrier, September 21 Dennifoa williams St. James’s greet, victualler, Oftug er 2 ' Dane John, Willizm Williamfon and Robert Clay, hofiers, Octuber g Froft William, Melford, maltfter, September 27 es Sooners Bridgend, dealer and chapman, O€toe er 14, final - Froft William, Dover ftreet, taylor, Ottober § final Greetham Simon, Bedale, grocery October 144 final Cie Thomas, Bramhope, corn merchant, Octos, er ig of iLeg ow HE Howell James, Southampton, tanner, September 25 epleh Hi al Eaftcheap, wine merchant, Oétober 199 na 4 Hale John Henftridge, Finsbury place, merchart, Ottoq ber sg, final . ' Jong or y Ll 1805.7 — Jones Wfaac, Weftbury-upon-Tryen, victualler, Octo- ber 5, final © lanes Thomas, Auft, vidtualler,; Odtober 15 person Robert, Welt Wynch, butcher, Oétober r2. na Irvin Thomas and James Holdin, Halifax, dyers, Sep- tember 26, finai Loh George, William Lom and John Robinfon, Newcal- - tle, iroumongers, Seprember:7 “Lord John, Eyke, grocer, Oftober 2 Lane John, Thomas Frazer, and Thomas Boylfton, Ni- cholas lane, merchants, Pecember 5, final, on the co-partners efiate, and alfo on the feparate eftate of Thomas Boy!iton Lambert Thomas, Eaft Wittun, Ofober 15, final ‘Lovell, William Henry, Fetter lane, leather feller, Oce tober 8, final Mackie William, Tower hill, draper, Auguft toy final Moore Jaines, Mildinghall, cordwainer, September 26 Morley William, Shoe lane, baker. Uctuber 19, fial Mobbs James, Southampton, haberdafher, Odtuber 22, final Martin Henry, Crefcent, merchant, October 26 eee ayay John, Rawfon, dealer and chapman, er 12 Moorhoufe John, Moorman John, Ofto- Adelphi, wine merchant. O¢tober § Lawrence Pountney lane, merchant, Oc- tober 19 Neaves John, Seend, mealman, Otober 7 Nuttell James, Kington upon Hull, hatter, October 8 Newbold John, Manchefter, draper, Oétuber 22 Parker Johu, Suffolk, tanner, September 28 State of Public Affairs. 4 ‘ ¥ ©65 Pickman William, Newport ftreet, watchmaker, rember 24 Plumleigh, Briftol, final’ Phillips George Hote, Hammerfmith, merchant, Octo« ber 22 Rowden Ottae ber 19 Roberts David, Rawlenoce Marmaduke, Whitehall, vember § Spraggon Jof-ph and William, Grayefend, flopfellers Sprageon jofeph, feparate, Gravefénd, flopfelier Spraggon William, feparate, Gravefend flopfeller Spencer Paul, Melford, dealer, September 26 Smith William, Durham, shipbuilder, Octeber 3 Sheldrick William, Witham, coachmaker, U tober 26 Symons Edward Pare, and (eter William Crapp, Bromley g woolft.plers, October 26 Syers Thomas, Manchefter, ftationer, Otoher r4, final Townfend Juhn, Ludgate hill, laceman, October 29. Tankerfly Robert, Kingfton-upou-Hull, flopfeller, Ottae ber 8, final Tapley Mary, Newton Abbot, Oétober 1, final Taylor Jofeph, and Henry Cowley, Gainsburgh, merchants, Oftober 23 Vefey David, Woodbridge, dealer and chapman, October 2. final uke William, Manchefter, merchant, September 255 nal Young William Wefton, Cadoxtan, miller, September24 Sep Thomasys grocer, September 21, Tohn, Whitefviars, timber merchdnt, Chefter, ironmonger, Oftuher mn , money feriveuery Now dealer atid chapwomang aca a ET TN STATE or PUBLIC AFFAIRS, dn September, 1805. / = BRITISH EMPIRE. FY HE expectation aud dread of a con- tinental war has induced Bonaparte to withdraw his troops from the coaft, with which he threatened an invahon of thiscountry. In the beginning of the pre- fent month, the feldiers embarked at Bou- Jogne and at the Helder received fudden orders to Jand- They were immediately amarched up into the interior, to be ina Mate of preparation againft the Auftrian and Ruffian armies, Every humane per- fon will feel regret at the horrors of an im- pending and widely-extended war; it ‘may, however, be hoped, that the union that is now formed, if difcord and jealou- fics can be guarded again, may check the ambition and limit the defires of the Emperor of the French.. From our own mavy we may expect all that human efforts an achieve ; it is, however, but too cer- tain, that we have not, during the late wars, been generally fuccefsful in our continental expeditions againft the enemy. Daring the prefent month, Minitters have publithed the Declaration of this country refpeéting the detention of our countrymen in a ftate of captivity in France, on the commencement of hottili- ties. This Declaration, which will prove to the captured and their friends that their caufe has not been forgotten, goes back to the origin of the war, when a confider- able number of Britith fubjedis refiding Wo France, by permiffion of the French ' Mownraty Mac, No. 134 Government, and under protection of duly authorized paffports, were induced to re- main there, on a promife that the Jaws of nations, and the aflurances given to indi- viduals, would be preferved. After: this view of the fubjeét, the Declaration pro- ceeds to contraft the refpective conduét of the two governments, The garvifons of St. Lucie and Tobago furrendered on the moft favourable terms, and were fentto France, on the prefumption that they fhould be exchanged as prifoners of war. In Pondicherry the fame fyftem was ob- ferved, even under circumtiances when the French garrifon was reduced to abfo- Jute fubjeétion, The port of Morlaix was at length appointed by the French Government, asthe only place where car- tela were toland. One-cartel fhip appear- ing off that port, fhe was ordered to make for Fecamp, and was there fired on, and forced back tothe Downs. After ftating thefe inftances of want of faithon the part of the French Government, the Declaration refers to feveral cafes in which every princi- ple connected witn the exchange of pri- foners has been totally dilregarded. The cafe of Captain Wright, the treatment which he and Lieutenant Dillon, have ex. pevienced, is referred to in terms of be-~ coming indignation ; and fatistaction on thefe points is made the bafis of any gene- ral cartel for the exchange of priloners. The only news from the Brivith army in India, fince our laft, is a le:ter from the Li Governer 266 Governor General and Council, from which we extract the following pura- graph:— « On the 24th of February the Com- mander in Chief took up a new pofition, on the north-eat fide of Bhurtpore, and his Excellency is prepared to commence operations againft that place as foon as he fhall have received fupplies of ftores and ammunition, which are advancing to- wards the army from the ftations with the Company’s provinces at which they had been collefied. The Commander in Chief exprefles a°confident hope of obtaining poffeflion of Bhurtpore before the conclu- fion of the feafon for aétive military ope- rations in that quarter of India.”’ We rejoice to announce the fafe arrival of our Eaft India fleet, and alfo of a great part of that from the Welt Indies. The following inftance of Britith va- lour deferves to be recorded : Admiralty Offices Auguft 24, 1805. Copy of a Letter from Captain Madge, of his Majefty’s late Ship Blanche. to William Marfden, Efq. dated on Board the French national Ship Topaze, 22d ,wly, 1805, Sir, Tam forry to inform you of the lofs of his Majefty’s (hip Blanche, which was captured by a French fquadron, as per margin ;* but, thank God, the was not ceftised to bear French co- Jours, orto affilt the fleet of the en: my. On Friday. morning, July 19, in lat 20 deg. 20 min. N. Jong, 66 deg. 44 min. W. (weather hazy) at eight, four fail were feen off the wea- ther cat-head, three fhips, and a brig on the oppofite tack, under eafy fail. I kept to the wind until we were near enough to diftinguith colours, I then made the neceflary fignals to afcertain whether they were enemies. At ten, when a-breaft about three miles diftant, they all bore up, and, hoifted Englith erfigns ; but, from the make of the Union, and colour of the bunting, with other circumftances, | concluded they were French, and therefore de- termined to fell the hip as dearly as poflible (for failing was out of the queftion, the Blanche having little or no copper on thefe Jat nine months, and failed very heavy). Maving * La Topaze, of 44 guns, 28 18-pounders on the main-deek, 10 36-pound carronades and 6 12 pounders on the quarter deck and fore- caftle, Capt. Bourdin commander, 340 men, 10 officers, aid Go privates, Legion de Midi,— (410.) Le Departement. des Landes, of 20 guns, 6 pounders, and two 6-pounders on the fore- cattle, Capt. dés Mantel, 200 men, 6 officers, end 30 privates, Legionde Midi.—(236 ) La Torche, of 18 guns, long 12-pounders, Capt. Brunet, 190 men, 3 olficers; and 20 pri- yates, Legionde Midi.—(213.) Le Faune, of 16 guns, g-pounders, Capt. Delun, 120 men and 3 officers, Legion de Midix—(133-) State of Public Affairs in September, 1805. foa. 1, brought to with the mainfail in the brails, at eleven the Commodore ranged up within two cables length, fhifted his colours, and gave us his broadfide. When within piftol thot fhe re- ceived our’s: the action became warm and fteady, the hips never out of hail of each other, running large, under eafy fail— Le Departement des Landes on the ftarboard quarter, and the two corvettes clofe a-ftern. At forty-five minutes paft eleven the fhip became ungovernable, and was reduced toa perfect wreck; the fails to- tally deflroyed, ten fhotin the foremaft (expect- ing it to fall every minute), the mainmaft and rigging cut to pieces, feven guns difmounted, and the trew reduced to one hundred and ninety, and the reft falling faft, with no probability of efcape, I called acouncil of officers for their opinion, who deemed it only facrificing the lives of the remainder of as brave acrew as ever fought, to ho'd out longer, as there was not the fmalleft profpect of fuccefs, I therefore, at twelve, ordered the colours to be ftruck, and was immediately hurried on board the Com- modore. At fix, the officers, who had charge of the Blanche, returned, and reported the thip to be finking faft, on which fhe was fired; and in about an hour after fhe funk, for the maga~ zine had been fome-time under water. Thus, Sir, fell the Blanche, and I truft, the defence made by her officers and gallant crew will meet their Lordfhips’ approbation. I have the honour, to be, &c. Zacuary Munck. P.S, Including every individual when the fhip went into action, there were but 215, 30 men being in prizes, and eight left on board one of the frigates at Jamaica. I cannot exactly afcertain thofe killed and wounded, as the crew were promifcuoufly diftributed to the different fhips of the fquadron, butthofe that came im- mediately under my notice were, John Nichols, quarter-mafter, killed; Wm. Marfhe, able, killed ; Thomas Mullins, ditto, killed ; James Forode, ditto, killed; Edward Marth, ditto, killed; Nimrod Lunce, marine, killed; Wil- liam Jones, ditto (drummer), killed ; William Strutton, boy, killed; Mr. William Hewett, boatfwain, with ten feamen and two marines, wounded, HOLLAND, Under exifting circumitances, it cannot be expeéted that any thing thould be faid or done by the Government of Holland that is not conformable to the withes of the Emperor of the French. The Grand Penfionary is but his organ, and neither he nor any of the High Mightinefles of the Batavian Commonwealth can aét con- trary to his will. An extraordinary meet. ing of them was held on the 3d of Sep- tember, and the Penfonary opened the aflurnbly with the following addrets: “6 High and Mighty Lords, ‘© T have thought proper to fummon your High Mightinefles, in an extraordinary. man~ ner, in orderto propofe to y.ur Affembly fome fubjets, the expediting of which I conceive to be of urgent importance to the intereft of the State. © A number © ’ ‘ 1805.) «© A number of ordinances, which are plan- ned purfuant to the general taxation, decreed by your High Mightineffes, will be propofed, in this extraordinary fitting, for the deliberation of your High Mightineffes. In the planning of them, I have principally endeavoured to obtain this end, that, on the one hand, in the Jimitations contained therein, the force may be found which can infure the execution of the laws decreed, and thereby the receipt of the taxes fixed by your High Mightineffes; and, on the other hand, that care be taken at the fame time to remove, as much as poflible, all fuper- fluous. impediments, and all vexatidns of the good inhabitants, that the raifing of the money due to the State may be the lefs difagreeable and oppreflive. Your High Mightineffes are fenfi- ble how clofely thofe fubjects are conneéted with the finances of our country, and thisnotion is fufficient for your High Mightineffes to per= ceive the importance thereof. The wifdom, zeal, and care tor the welfare of the country, which, in the preceding feffion, have charatte- rized the deliberations of your High Mighti- neffes, are my guarantee that the affairs on which your High Mightineffes will have to de- liberate in the prefent feffion, will be likewife confidered with a gravity proportioned to their tender concern, ‘« T was defirous, High and Mighty Lords, tobe able, on your préfent meeting, to make fome communications to you, fvom which your High Mightineffes might conceive fome folid hope of a {peedy peace; yet, gloomy as is the political profpeét at this moment, we have no reafon to defpair of a more fortunate turn; and then, perhaps, a firmer peace may make an agreeable amends for its tardy approach, Such a peace we may promife to ourfelyes, under the divine blefling of the genius of our power- ful ally ; and your High Mightineffes will, no doubt, be glad to hear of me, at a period like the prefent, that 1 have received ct him, dur- img the courfe of my Adminiftration, repeated proofs of efteem and friendfhip, and the moft folema affurances of good-will towards the re- public—a difpofitiom which I fhall endeavour to preferve and to fotter by a conitant fidelity to our engagements. ** On the internal fituation of the Republic, I conceive that we, in the prefent circum- flances, have every reafon to be fatishied. The prefent order of things has, in a very fhore _time, affumed a degree of authority “and per- manency, which, in other human inftitutions, is generally a confequence of long habits. The Government experjenced, in ail difiriéts of the Republic, prools of efteem and co-operation, which are to itas honourable as encouraging in the difficulties it has to encounter, and our country at this moment prefents the picture of a wife and brave nation, which is able to con- ceive its difficult pofition, which is difpofed to fubmir to inevitable facrifices to preferve her confequences among the nations of Europe, and which will unanimoufly fupport the exertions of its Government for that object. ** T quit your Affembly, High and Mighty Lords, with a with that the refolutions which your High Mightineffes will take for the good - State of Public Affairs in September, 1805. cOF of our country may be crowned with the deareft bleflings of the Moft High.”? Ny FRANCE, &c. The French agent; M. Bacher, has de- livered an important State Paper to the Minifters of the Diet of Ratifbon, in which Bonaparte complains of the arma- ment of Auttria. He affects furprife at the military preparations of Germany, and laments, or preends to Jament, that whilit be was encouraging the molt friend- ly withes towards Auttria, and intent only on the invafion of this country, be fhould be calied off from this juft object of his ambition, to watch the menacing move- _ments of the Imperialarmy. WEST INDIES. Theconfitution of Hayti is no mean fpecimen of the talents and liberality of the Emperor Deffalines and his party : CONSTITUTION OF HAYTH. We, H. Chriftophe, Clervaux, Vernet, Gobart, Petion, Geftrard, Touffaint Brave, omain,g Lalondridie, Capoix, Magny, Daut, Conge, Magloire, Ambroife, Yayou, Jean’ Louis Francois, Gerin, Moreau, Fervu, Savelais, Martial Beite— As well in our own name as in that of the people of Hayti, who have legally conttituted as faithful organs and interpreters of their will, in prefence of the Supreme Being, before whom all mankind are equal, and who. has fcattered fo many fpecies ot creatures on the furface of the earth for the purpofe of manifefting his glory and his power by the diverfity of his works, in the prefence of all nature by whom we have been fo unjuftly, and for fo long a time, confidered~as outcaft children. Do declare that the tenor of the prefent Cons ftitution is the free, {pontaneous, aid invariable expreflion of our hearts, and the general wil of our coniftituents, and we fubmit 1 to the fanétion of his Majefty the Emperor Jaques Deffalines, our deliverer, to receive its ipeedy and entire execution. PRELIMINARY DECLARATION. The people inhabiting the Ifland formerly called St. Domingo, hereby agree to form themielves into a free tate, fovereign and in- dependent of any other power in the uniyerfey under the name of Empire of Hayti. Slavery is for ever abolifhed. The citizens of Hayti are brothers at home; equality in the eye of the law is incomeftably acknowledged, and there cannot exift any tiles, advantages, or privileges, other than thofe ne~ ceflarily refulting trom the confideration and seward of fervices rendered to liberty and in- dependence. F The quality of citizen of Hayti is loft by emigration and naturalization in foreign coun~ tries, and condemnation to corporal or dilgrace- ful punithments. The firft cafe carries with it the punithment of death and contifeation of property. ; C No perfon is worthy ae a Haytian who a ig 268 is not a good father, a good fon, a good hufband, and efpeciallyya good foldier. Every citizen muft poffefs a mechanic art. No white man, of whatever nation he may be, thall put his foot on this territory with the title of mafter or proprietor, neither fhall he in future acquire any property therein. The preceding article cannot in the fmalleft degree affect white women who have been na- turalized Haytians by Government, nor does it extend to children already born or that may be born of the faid women. © The Germans. and Polanders naturalized by Government are alfo comprifed in the difpofitions of the prefent article. : All acceptation of colour among the children of one and the fame family, of whom the Chief Magiftrate is the father, being neceffarily to ceafe, the Haytians fhall henceforward ‘be known only by the generic appellation of Blacks. OF THE EMPIRE. The Emperor of Hayti is one and indivifible. ts térritory is diftributed into fix military di- v.fions. The following iflands are integral parts of the empire, viz. Samana, La Tortu, La Go- nave, Les Cayemites, La Saone, L’Hle' 4 Vache, and other adjacent :flarids. OF THE GOVERNMENT. | The government of Hayti is entrufted to a firft Magiftrate, who affumes the tide of Em- peror, and Commander in Chiet of the Army. ‘The people acknowledge for Emperor and Commander in Chief of the Army Jacques Deffalines, the avenger and deliverer of his fellow-citizens. ‘The title cf Majefty is con- ferred upon him, as well as upon his auguit fpoufe the Emprefs- The perfons of their Majefties are facred and inviolable The State will appropriate a fixed annual ellowance to her Majefty the Emprefs, which fhe will continue to enjoy even aiter the de- ceafe of the Emperor, as Princefs Dowager. The Crown is eledtive, not hereditary. There thall be afligned by the State an an- nual income to the children acknowledged by his Majeity the Emperor. The male children acknowledged by the Emperdr fhall be obliged, in the fame manner as other citizens, to pals jucc¢flively from grade co grade, with this only difference, that their entrance into fervice {hall begin at the fourth Gemi-brigade, from the period of their birth. The Emperor makes, feals, and promulgates the laws; appoints and révokes at will the Minifters, the General in Chief of the Army, the Couifellors of State, the Generals and other agents of the Empire, the fea officers, the members of the Local Adminiftrations, the commiffaries of Government near the tribunals, the judges, and other public func- tionaries. “ - nl ‘Yo the Emperor alone is referved the power of making peace or war, to maintain political {ntercourle, and to form treaties. He provides for the interior fafety and for State of Public Affairs in September, 1805. (Oa. 1, the defence of the State, and diftributesat plea- fure the fea and land forces. In cafe of confpiracies manifefting them- felves againft the fafety of the State, againft: the Conititution, or againft his Majefty’s per- fon, the Emperor fhall caufe the authors or. accomplices to be arreited and tried before a Special Council. F His Mejefty has alone the right to abfolve a criminal, or commute his punifhment. The Emperor fhail never form any enter- prize with the view of making conquefts, nor to difturb the peace and the inierior admi- niftration of foreign colonies. Every public aét fhall be made in thefe terms: ‘* the Emperor J. of Hayti, and Commander in Chief of the Armys by the Grace of God, and the Conititutional Law of the State.’’ OF WorsntP. The law admits of no predominant religions The freedom of worfhip ts tolerated. The State dces not provide for the mains tenance of any religious inftitution, or of any minifter. GENERAL DISPOSITIONS. The crimes of high treafon, the dilapidas tions of the Minifters and Generals, fhall be judged by a Special Council called and pro« vided by the Emperor. The houfe of every citizen is an inviolable afylum. All property which formerly belonged to any_ white Frenchman is inconteftibly and of right confifcated to the ufe of the State. Every Haytian, who, having purchafed pro~ perty from a white Frenchman, may have paid part of the purchafe-money ftipulated in the act of fale, {hall be refponfible to the domains of the State for the remainder of the fum due, Marriage is an act purely civil, and autho- rifed by the Government. The law authoriles divorce in all cafes which fhall have been previoufly provided for and determined. Good faith and integrity in commercial ope- rations fhall be religioufly maintained. There fhall be national feflivals for cele- brating independence, the birth-day of the Emperor and his auguit ipoule ; that of Agri- culture aud the Conititution. At the firft firing of the alarm gun, the cities will difappear, and the nation rife. We, the underfigned, place under the fafe-. guard of the magiftrates, fathers and mothers of famiiies, the citizens, and the army, the . explicit and folemn covenant ot the facred rights of man and the duties of the citizen. We recommend it to our tucceflors, and pre- fent it to the friends of liberty, to philanthro-, pitts of all countries, as a fignal pledge of the Divine Bounty, who in the courte of his im mortal decrees, has given us an opportunity of breaking our fetters, and of conftituting our= felves a people, free, civilized, and tndependent. (Signed) H. CuristTopHeE, &c. (as before}: Having feen the prefent Conititution :— > 1805.] Incidents, Marriages, and Deaths, in and near London. We, Jacques Deffalines, Emperor I. of Hayti, and Commander in Chiet of the Army, by the Grace of God, and conititutional law of the Siate, Accept it wholly, and fanétion it, that it may receive, with the leaft poffible delay, its full and entire execution throughout the whole of the ernpire- And we fwear to maintain it 269 and to caufe it to be obferved in its integrity to the laft breath of our life. F At the Imperial Palace of Deffalines, the 2oth of May, 1805, fecond year of the Independence of Hayti, and of our reign the firlt By the Emperor, DessaLInes. Juste CuanuarTre, Sec. Gen. INCIDENTS, MARRIAGES ano DEATAS in aNp NEaR LONDON, With Biographical Memoirs of diftinguilbed Characters recently deceafed, — KPPLICATION is intended to be made to -* Parliament, next session, for Acts forthe following purposes. For inclosing the com- Mons or waste lands in the parish of Acton. For making and maintaining Teservoirs and other necessary works in the parish of St. Luke, Chei-ea, for supplying with water from the river Thames, such part of the arish of St. Margaret, Westminster, as ies within the town of Kensington, and the several parishes and townships of Chelsea, Kensington, Hammersinith, Fulham, Chis- wick, Ealing, Hanwell, Old Brentford, New Brentford, Heston, Hounslow, and Isleworth, in Middlesex; and the parishes of Ba:tersea, Wandsworth, Putney, Baries, Mortlake, Richmond, and Kew, in Surry. For making and maintaining water-works, aqueduets, and reservoirs, and for supplying with water the parishes of Stratford, Bow, Hackney, Bethnal Green, St. Mary’s, Whitechapel, St. Gecrge’s in the East, St. John’s, Wapping, St. Paul’s, Shadwell, St. Dunstan’s, Stepney, St. Ann’s, Lime- house; Spitalfields, Aldgate, Bishopsgate “withinatid without, St. Luke’s, Shoreditch, ' Newington, [ottenham, Edmonton, En- field, and the hamlets and places of Raicliffe, Mile Endtown, Poplar, Old Ford, Homer- ton, Upper and Lower Clapton, Stamford Hill, Dalston, Kingsland, Shacklewell, Holloway, and parts adjacent. Foraltering, amending, and enlarging the powers of an Act passed in the 12th year of his present Majesty’s reign for lighting such part of the town of Islington as lies in the parish of St. Mary, Islington, and for estabiishing a Nightly watch in it. His Majesty’s mansion at Kew is proceed- ing with as fast as possible. By the erection of a castellaied range of buildings opposite * the north front, with a Gothic gateway in the center, the disagreeable appearance of Brentford is nearly biden trom the entrance of the house, Great alterations are making in the gardens, and several new plantations and waiks have been formed, with a view to the future disposition of the grounds, in consequence of the situation of the new Tesideice, The very noble statue which is about to be erected in Russel-square, in honour of the late Duke of Bedford, will be nearly _ twenty-five feet in height, including the pe- destal. The scite ismarked out on the south side of Russell-square. The principal fi- gure, namely, that of the Duke, which sur- mounts the pedesta!, is to be nine feet in ight; great simplicity will mark the gene- ral outline. His Grace will be represented by appropriate emblems, a$ the patron of , agriculture ; he will be cloathed in his se~ natorial robes, with his right arm leaning on a plough, to make the principal design of the statue; at his feet will appear groupes of the seasons personified by four genii, or children, and at the angles of the pedestal will be placed the heads of various oxen. The intervening spaces will be filled with groupes of cattle, to mark the uniform at- tention his Grace has paid to the improve- ment of their breed. On each side of the pedestal are to be placed’ alio relievos of agri- cultural subjects, representing reapers, &ec, In the front will be avery simple inscription. The new edifice erecting in the garden of the British Museum, for the recepiion of the antiquities from Egypt, is nearly com- pleted. MARRIED. William Lewis, esq. of Thanet place, Temple Bar, to Miss Ann Roper, daughter of John R. esq. of Snow Gill. At Lambeth, George Roofs, esq. of Lin~ coln’s inn, to Miss Sarah Price; youngest daughter of the late Captain Thomas P. of the East Incia Company’s service. At St. George the Martyr, Queen square, Amos Strettell, esq of Baglan house, Gla- morgan, to Miss Harriet Utterson, second daughter of the late John U. esq. of Marwell Hail, Hants. - At St. George’s, Hanover square, C. Ar- no!t, esq. of Rushington, Hants. to Miss Bayard, of Green street, Grosvenor square. The Rev. Dr. Hawley, to Miss Helli, eldest daughter of the laté George B. esq. At St. George’s, Hanover-square, the Marquis of Watertord, to Lady Susan Car- penter, daughter of the late Earl of ‘Tyr- connel, William Payne, esq. of Kensington square, to Miss Verrall, only davgiter of Henry V. esq. of Potton, Bedfordshire. At Kennington, Colonel George Mence, late of the Bengal military establishment, to Mrs. Jane Watson, of Bergies, North Britain. At Hampstead, Colin Douglas, esq. to Miss Boydell, eldest daughter of Mr. Alderman B. At Hackney, Mr, James Saner, surgeon, of Sun street, Bishopsgate street, to Miss . Sarah Shallis, second daughter of John S, esq of Clerkenwell. At Mary-le-bone, G. vans, esq. of Portrane, in the county of Dublin, to Miss Parnell, only daughter of the late Sir John P, bart. At Hackney, James Hicklin, esq. to Miss Willingion, daughter of the late John W, esq. of Lamworth, saeececa ac ’ ir 270 Sir J. B. Riddel, bart. to Lady Frances Maxsham, eldest daughter of the Earl of Romney. i Francis Freeling, esq. of the General Post Office, to Miss ‘Rivers, eldest daugh- ter of the late Sir Peter Rivers Gay, bart. At Limehouse, James Clemitson, esq. of Wormwood-street, Bishopsgate, to Miss Glass, of Highgate. ; R. James, eq. of Lamb’s-conduit- street, te Miss Spence, of Hanover-square. DIED. Thomes Pugh, esq. aged 55, lateclerk of the papers for the Poultry Compter, and several years deputy secondary for the same. He was sworninto the former office in July 1775. Mrs. Trypbena Birch, widow of Mr. Lucas B. ef Cornhill, 77. q At Richmond, the Hon. Mrs. Lewther, sis- ter to the Duchess of Bolton, At Twickenham, Toomas Amyand, esq. one ef the directors of the bank, 42. In London-street, Fitzroy-square, Cap- tain Jobn Stukeley Somerset, of the royal navy. In Chelsea College, Robert Swifield, a pensioner, 105, and dbrabam Moss, 106; both ef whom retained their faculties to the lust. At his lodgings in Great Portland-street, James Shaw, esq. In Arundel-street, Strand, Mrs. Warren, wife of Mr. W.. tailor. Seizing the oppor- tanity when her servant ané children where up stairs, she bolted herself in the kitchen, and nearly severed her head from her: body with a razor. The servant soon returning alarmed her masier, who broke open the door, and found bis wife weltering in her blood without any appearance of Jife. Two eurgeons were sent for, but they could be of no service. . Mrs. W. always appeared to live on the happiest terms with her fa- mily, and seldom evinced the least symp- toms of insanity. At. Wydford, Herts, the Rev. Peter Ha- mond, rector of Wydford and South Mimms, and one of the chaplains to his Royal High- ness the Prince of Wales. At the house of Jolin Robley, esq. Rus- eell-square, Joseph Robley, esq. late of the island of Tobayo, At Finchley, Retert Jennings, esq. chief clerk to Lord Grenville, and auditor of his Majesty’s Exchequer. At ber mother’s house at Wandsworth, Miss. Miller, late of Drury-lane Theatre. . D. Gibson; A.M. 22 years afternoon preach- ero St. Saviour’s, Southwark, several vears curaie of St. Magnus, London-bridge, and chaplain to the Southwark Volunteers, 50. At-Kentish-tuwn, 7. Bray, esq. late of Percy-street. At his ledgings in Great Portland-street, E. Fuzgeraid, eq. of New Park, in the county of W exierd. In South-street, South - Audley -street, Hugh Fraser, esq. At her mother’s house in Paternoster- row, Mrs. Movre, wife of Mr. M. of Apothe- cary’s-hall. : Mr. Haliiban, schoolmaster to the charity “children of St. George's, Hanover-square, be retired to rest at night in perfect health, and was fund dead in his bed the next morming. Marviages and Deaths in and near London. [O&. 15. At Islington, Robert Careless, esq. 67. . On the sth of May last, at her house at Hampstead, Middlesex, aged 65, ry Magdalen Blaquiere, eldest daughter of the late Stephen Guyon, esq. and widow of John Peter Blaquiere, esq. both of that piace. And op the evening of the same day, at the same house, aged 60, Ann Re- becca Grant, sister to the above, and widow of Captain Lodovick Grant, of Knock- andow, in the county of Murray, North Brita. Mrs. Blaquiere had been for six- teen years afflicted with a palsy, which had — * impaired her speech, and deprived her of the perfect use of her Jimbs. Her dissolu- tion was therefore gradual, and had been longexpected. Atthe time of her death, Mrs, Grant, who for the last two years, had re- sided with her, was apparently in good health; but she was shortly after attacked with an apoplexy, which in a few hours terminated her existence. The remains of the two sisters were deposited at the same time in the parish church. Mrs. Bla~ quiere died possessed of a large fortune, of which twenty one thousand pounds devolve by her death, upon the issue of Lord de Blaquiere, agreeably to the will of her date husband, who was re- lated to his lordship. She had about as much more at her own disposal; which, having no children, she has equally divided among the different branches of her family. Towards the close of her life, an unprin- cipled plan was concerted to get possession of her property, by taking advantage of the imbecility of mind, consequent upon her disease, to inveigle her into a marriage: but it was happily frustrated by her rela- tives, when on the eve of execution. The calamity uncer which she had so long laboured, was sensibly felt by the whole circle of her friends and neighbours; for~ she had been the promoter of every thing that was gay and festive, in the social vil+ lage in which she resided. In the younger part of her life, her extreme vivacity was considered by the graver part of her ac- quaintance, as partaking of levity, and Sub- jected her to much undeserved censure, So far was her temper from being soured by her misfortune, that she had no higher gratification, than seeing ‘the young and the healthy enjoy those pleasures, in which she had once taken the lead, but in which she» could no longer participate, In her man- ners, there was a degree of politeness and urbanity, which, in the midst of her in- firmities, never entirely forsook her; for, when her utterance was scarcely intelli gible, and her whole frame nearly helpless, the well-bred woman was still discoverable, The prominent feature in the character of Mrs. Grant, was a blunt sincerity, in- compatible with the more polished man- ners that distinguished her sister, and car- , ried to an extent, not always consistent with discretion; for whether her senti- ments of others were favourable or adverse, she was equally in the halsit of betraying them. Open and unsuspecting, as well as generous in her nature, she was too in- discriminate in her friendships, and had sometimes cause to repent the precipitate confidence she placed in persons with whose principleS and conduct she was not suffi- ciently 1805.] ‘ciently acquainted. Her predominant foi- ble was the desire of exacting a more than ordinary share of deference and attention, which made her too apt to construe the omission of superfluous forms, into dis- respect. But though her displeasure was soon excited, it was not long retained. The slightest apology would subdue her resentment for a real, as well as for an imaginary offence. To those for whom she professed attachment, she was ever anxious to evince her cordiality, by her services; but, in no instance more, than by her af- fectionate and assiduous endeavours, to al- leviate their sufferings when on a bed of sickness. In the regulation of her domestic expences, no woman better understood, nor more rigidly practised, the virtue of eco- nomy; but, it was practised, not with a view to increase her store, but to enable her the more freely to indulge the hospi- tality and benevolence of her disposition, -in furnishing entertainments to her-friends, “and in relieving the necessities of the in- digent. The numerous French emigrants, who, during the revolution, took up their residence in her neighbourhood, were pe- culiarly the objects of her kindness and commiseration. For those amongst them, who had lost their all, and were suffering under the united miseries, of poverty and disease; her humanity was actively em- ployed. in. providing such necessaries and comiorts, as they were unable to procure for themselves. For those who had pre- served from the wreck of their property, eoough to secure them from want, but, who felt in common with their less fortu- mate countrymen, the bitterness of a se- peration from their families and their home, she was studious to devise such amusement, as would divert their minds from ruminat- ing upon their misfortunes. Her house Was their constant rendezvous; and. they will seldom look back to the period of their aoode at Hampstead, without recollecting how much the interval of their, exile was beguiled, by the friendly attentions they received, and the chearful conversation they enjoyed under the hospitable roof of Mrs, Grant, She has left two daughters, to whom she was a most indulgent and affec- tionate mother. On the 6th of May last, at his house in Southampton-row, Bloomsbury, Wiliam Dinwoody, esq. of Tuy Dee, near Aber- gavenny, Monmouthshire. He was the son of Robert Dinwoody, M.D, who stu- died under the celebrated Boerhaave.. He was born at Tuy Dee, on the 27th of Sep- tember, 1740; and received his education at the Crypt School at Gloucester. At _an early period of his life, he came to Lon- don, and obtained an appointment in the Excise Office, which he held till the year 1783, when acquiring a considerable addi- tion to his fortune, by his marriage with Mrs. Cobb, formerly of Highgate, he re- signed it, and for the remaincer of his life, employed himself during the greater part of the year'in agricultural pursuits, at his paternal estate of Tny Dee. In the year 47,0, he served the office ef high,sherilf of the county of Monmouth; for which coun- fy, he was for several years in the coms Deaths in and near Loudon. $71 mission of the peace, and one of the deput¥ lieutenants. He was also a fello'y of the Antiquarian Society of London. He had been educated in the presbyterian religion, but he afterwards became a member of the established church, in which he continued to his death. He died of a mortification, occasioned by the cuttingofacorn. In con- formity to his will, his remains were in- terred in the Crypt church,. at Gloucester. Few men were better qualified to please in general society, His manners were easy and conciliating, and seldom failed to produce a favourable impression, at the first interview. He selected anecdotes with judgment, and communicated them with pleasantry. On those subjects with which he was well acquainted, he had-an agreeable and inrelligent mode of convey- ing information; and, on those with which he was less conversant, he had a happy facility of making the most of a little knows ledge; so that conversation was seldom at a stand in any company of which hae formed a part. Ifthere were any exception to his companionable qualities, it was an irritability of temper, that made him rather impatient of contradiction; an imperfec- tion, which was particularly apparent when politics were the topic of discussion. His olitical opinions, which, to describe them in his own words, were uniformly those of a decided tory, he was apt to carry with a high hand, and would scarcely to- lerate the sentiments of those, who ven- tured to question the wisdoin or™the justice of such measures as his own principles led him to approve. Butitis at the same time, due to his memory to acknowledye, that he had too much candour and good sense, to let a difference of opinion warp his judg~ ment of the character of individuals; for among those who partook of his esteem, were persons Whose -political as well as re- ligious tenets, were essentially at vari- ance with his own. The activity of his mind, and the warmta cf his friendship, prompted him to devote a large portion of his time and his exertions, to’ the service of others, and throughout his life, he in- curred much trouble and inconvenience, and sometimes enmity, by his voluntary endeavours to adjust differences, or te re- dress injuries. He was too fond of attach- ing importance to inconsiderable objecis, and was exceedingly tenacious of external respect, the least deviation from which, he was not disposed to overlook. He was ever willing te contribute his assistance to plans of public utility, and especially to such as were calculaied td promote the ends of charity and benevolence. He was a kind master, and a considerate landlord, and he took every means of rendering him- self useful to the labouring classes in the vicinity of his residence. He lived respect- ed, by an extensive circle of friends, who have lost by his death, a very pleasant and rational companion. At his house, at Greenland Dock, near ° Deptford, Mr. Isaac Blight, merchant. The circumstances atteading the death of this enileman were very extraordinary. His 1ouse is the first below Greenland Dock, and fronts the river Thames: the back part 18 “O72 is surrounded by a strong paling. On the night of Thursday the 19th of September, (at which time Mr, Blight, with his lady, were at Margate,) a friend of their’s, a Mr. Spatch, was sitting alone in afront parlour in Mr. Blight’s house ; about half-past eight o’cleck, he was alarmed by a pistol or gun, loaded with ball, being fired through the win- dow; the ball lodged in a part of the room not far from where he sat ; every search was immediately mae, but no person that could be suspected was to be found. The next dav Mr. Spatch wrote to Mr. Blight, to inform him of the circumstance, when the Jatter instantly came to town, but neither he nor Mrs. Spatch could attach suspicion upon any one. Onthenight of Mondey the 23d, these gentlemen were sitting together in a back parlour in Mr. B's house; and, about the same hour (half past eight), Mr. S. having occasion to go out for a few minutes, took a candle, and left his friend alone. Hehad not been gone more thantwo or three minutes, when he heard the report of a gun, on which he immediately re- turned, and found Mr. B, lying shot through the body; the ball had entered alittle below his ribs, passed through his back, and ledged in the wainscoting behind where he sat. The only person in the hou-e when the murder was committed, was a female servant, who also heard the report of the piece, but was in a kitchen, at some distance; neither Mr. Scripps, the servant, nor those who were called in, could find any traces what- ever of the murderer: he got clear off; nei- ther gun nor pistol was left behind, nor any thing that could tend in the least to dis- cover him. The unfortunate gentleman ‘was instantly put to bed, and the assistance of a surgeon immediately procured, who soon pronounced the wound to be mortal. Mr. Blight, during the night and the fol- lowing morning, was sufficiently collected to be able to answer every question relative to the horrid transaction. Uhe whole ac- count, however, that he could give, was extremely short: he stated, that, after Mr. Spatch left him, he sat alone, and neither heard nor suspected any one ; at last, however, he saw the door of the room open slowly (but this did not alarm him), and, almost at the same instant, he was shot: he neither saw nor heard the person who fired at him. The above particulars Mr. Blight repeated distinctly, several times ‘befure he died; and declared, that he was not conscious of having an enemy in the world. He expired at three o’clock in the afternoon of uescday the 24th. The de- ceased was on the point of retiring from business. In the eleventh year of his age, Sir James Tylney Long, bart, The Tylney property, which by his death devolves to the distant branches of the Long family, amounts to 25,000]. per annum, and nearly 3co,oool, in the funds, In Tylney street, May Fair, Mrs. Munster, the eldest of three surviving sisters of the late Earl Camden, and relict of Herbert M. lieutenant-governor of Fort St. Philip, Minorca, go: Among the amiable quali- ‘ties which graced her character, the libe- Deaths in and near London, [Oa 1, rality of her nature was pre-eminent. She Was never so happy as in doing good ac- tions; her friendship never changed; to caprice she was a stranger; and she was rewarded by the affection of all who had any intercourse with her. Her manners were engaging, her spirits lively, and her principle of honour noble and elevated. At Brompton, Mr. Charles Fairfield, @ painter of extraordinary merit and know- ledge in his profession, but of such a modest and ciffident disposition, that, notwith- standing his acknowledged talents, he rarely ventured to paint from the impulse of his own mind, and would not doit atall, unless urged by the importunity of his friends. He has, however, left behind him some original pictures, the merit of which cannot fai] to transmit his name to posterity: and the many excellent copies of the finest pic- tures of the Flemish, French, and English schools, produced by his pencil, will extend the fame of the masters he has imitated; while his own, merits will be Jost in the admirable success of his copies, which can scarcely be discriminated from the origi- nals. Mostof these copies have found their way into the first collections beth at home and abroad, and the proprietors of them have no other idea than that they possess the original pictures, having paid for them as such, although the artist himself sold them at avery low rate, and never repre- sented them otherwise than as copies b himself. Notwithstanding Mr. Fairfield’s merit, he was never easy in his circum- stances, and fora great part of his laborious life was under the clutches of the griping and unconscientious picture-dealer, who ga~ thered the truits of his labours by prac- tising deceits upon the world. The cha- racter of Mr. F. was honourable, generous, and good. He lived in retirement and se- clusion; and was little known to the world. Had he been more known, he would,un- doubtedly have been Jess unhappy and more successful. He died at about the age of 45 years. In Glocester place, New Road, Philip Rogers Bearcrft, esq. late Commander-ge- neral of the Leeward islands, and-one of the commissioners for investigating the accounts of the army expenditure in the West Indies. ' At Fladong’s Hotel, Oxford street, the Hon. Colonel Lardley, second son of Lord E, 31. This inestimable young man, doomed to an untimely grave at the most interest~ ing period of life, when the graces of youth and person were combined with virtue aNd accomplishments, possessed every requisite to satisfy the fondest wishes of the fondest parent, the pride of the mest ambitious 1e- lative. In personal qualification, he was equalled by few, in mental endowments he was excelled by none; yet so little did he value himself on the accidental possession of such a bountiful share of the gifts of nature, that he mixed but little in those pursuits which fill up the measure of the ambition of the generality of young men of his rank. Such a frivolous waste of time was ill-suited to his inquisitive mid; yet few were so well qualified to acorn the most- 1 ae : splendid 1805,] Splendid scenes of fashionable life. Though in the opinionof so:ne of hisfriends he might perhaps have sacrificed tco much to the Natura! bent of his disposition, by with- drawing, at such an early period of life, from those scenes of guiety, he possessed too much dignity of mind to suffer himself to sink into a sottish retirement, too great a love for the opinion of those he esteemed to allow the rust of abstraction to tarnish the polish of his manners, His understand- ing was naturally excellent; and during the period of his. too limited life, he took un- ceasing pains in its cultivation. He was ‘educated at Gottingen; and, though sum- smoned when very young to enter upon the duties of the profession assigned him, his proficiency evinced that his time had not been misapplied. He was a good classical scholar, znd was conversant with most of the modern languages, the practice of which he kept up, with the aid of the best masters, till the period of his last illness. In short, the improvement of his mind was the dar- ling object of his ambition; and to this pursuit all others were subservient. In mon to the greatness of his mind, is enemies were very few; and those most pepably would not have existed had he ived in other times: but his political opi- nions, opposite to those of the majority of ' his contemporaries, similarly situated with himself, exposed him to the jea ousy of the enlightened among his opponents, and to the rancorous petulance of the ignorant. The native dignity of his seul, spurning at the restraint which a mean policy would have imposed on a colder heart, might occa~ sionally break fourth in a display of his sen- timents when topics of this nature were discussed in his society;-tut he never ob- truded his opinions uninvited ; andsuch was the controul in which his passions were held by the distinguished urbanity of his manners, that he never failed toconciliate when hecculd not convince. To sum up his character in afew words, he possessed generosity without ostentation; a pride the most dignified un- tinged by vanity; excessive modesty un- shackled by childish timidity. He was the best of sons, the kindest relation, the most Sincere of friends. [Additions and corrections to the account of Christopher Anstey, esq. whose death is noticed at P. 165, of the iastnumber. Mr. A. distinzuish- ed himself both at Eton and Cambri ge, as a very elegant scholar A speech which he mave in*the public schools, upon some of- fence that had been given him, beginning ** Doctores sine doctrina, magistri artium fine artibus, & baccalaurei baculo potius vam lauro digni,’’ was the cause of his rus- tication from the University. After this he went into the army, and married Miss Calvert, a near relaiion of the celebrated brewer, by whom he had several children. He was a frequent resident in the city of Bath, and was distinguished by the notice of the late celebrated Lady Miller, at the Bath- Easton villa, of whose poetical coterie he became a frequent member. The Bath Guide first appeared in the year 1766, while he was stillia the army, and his poem on the detth of the Marquis of Tavistock was pubs Montusy Mag. No. 124. Acccunt of Mr. Anftey. 273 lished the following. year. Some years af- terwards Mr. A. published ** An Election Ball, in Poetical Letters, from Mr. Inkle at Bath, to hrs Wife at Gloucester; with a poetical Address.to John Miller, esy. at Bath-Easton Villa;’? which, though in- ferior to the former poem, abounds with a_considerable degree of Wit and humour. He likewise published “ A poetical Paras phrase upon the Thirteenth Chapier of she first Epistle to the Corinthians, 1399, folio, which served to eviuce his due wti- mation of his prominent talent in the ‘first instance, and that he succeeded best, when he took in hand subjects of a fanciful and ludicrous cast. He was also author of ** The Priest Dissected, a Poem addressed to the Reverend Author of Regulus, Toov, Cesar, and other Pieces in the Papers, Canto I. 1774;’’ a satire, intituled, * Ad C. W. Bamfylde, Episto'a poetica fami- liaris in qua continentur Tabale V. ab eo excogitate que Personas representant Poe- matis cujusdem Anglicani cui Titulus, An Election Ball, 1776,” 4to. This poem was written to introduce to the public some designs. by Mr. B. of Hesterc. mbe, in Somersetshite, for several of the pers: ns and incidents in the Election Ball It has been very indifferently translated into Eng- lish by another hand. He, with another gentleman, wrote a very beautiful transla-, tion of Gray’s Elegy. ‘* Speculation; or, a Defence of Mankind, 170,” gto, coms plaining that the poet had been tre sted by the world in a manner which his inoffensive reprehension, of its vices did not entile him to. ‘© Liberality; or, Memoirs of a decay- ed Macaroni, i°88;’’ 4to; cautioning against the mendicants of Bath, who have lived very genteelly above their incomes, and some still more genteeliy without any incomes atall, “* The Farmer’s Daughter, a poetical Tale, founded on Fa:t,’’ pub- lished in 1795, with a laudable view * to set Innocence on its guard, and to promoie the cause of Virtue.’ This, unfortunate damsel had been seduced by a military of= ficer, and was afterwards dvserted by hiine Filled with anguish, shame, and remorse, not without some remains of love for the destroyer of her innocence, she left her fa- ther’s house in search of hey perfidions lover, and perished through fatigue and cold inone of the inclement nights of the severe wine ter of 179:. Yo the elegant per of this gentleman were attributed some beautiful verses which appeared in the Bath Herald about 1796 or 1797. His latest publication was an elegant Latin Ode 10 Dr. Jenner, _ Written a very short time previous to his decease, The following lines from a trans- lation of this performance by Mr. Ring, evince that the venerable author’s talents still flourished unimpaired at this advanced period of his life. ‘‘ Ob! blest by Phoebus, at thy natal hour, The happy presage of thy healing power! *Tis thine tostudy Nature's hidcen laws, Trace 4!l her w6: ders to their seciet cause; Prevent disease with thy Pewonian art, Encounter Death, and blunt his tatal dart. While thus L rove through Chilta’s flow ry plain, Mm And 274 And some faint embers of my youthremain, Shall not the Muse her tuneful accents raise, And wake the slumb’ring lyre to sing thy praise ? Here, plung’d in grief, and pensive, and forlorn, The long-lost objects ofmy love Imourn; My dear associates, ravish'd from my breast By the foal venom of that baneful pest; While many a blemish cover’d ev'ry face, Robb’d ev’ry charm, and rifled ev'ry grace. ' When the dire fiend, which thus, in early ~ bloom, His victims hurl’d untimely to the tomb, In all his horrors rises to my view, How shall 1 tell what thanks to Heayen aredue? And due to thee, whose godlike arm re- press’d The lawless rage of that malignant pest; To thee, whose genius, and well-cultur’d mind, Found outa healing balm for human kind ? Thy skilful hand inserts with wondrous art The crystal drop the lowing kine impart, To que!] "the fiend, his kindling wrath to tame, ‘ And flow meand’ring through the vital frame. Ere long, a pustule, rising in the wound, Repels the foe, that lurks in ambush round With all his host; and from our fleeting breath Averts the perils ofimpending death. W hat thanks shall British gratitude decree, What thanks, what honours, what rewards to thee? Northunberland and Durham. aa ee ee (Oa. 1, What annual off’rings at thy hallow’d shrine, ’ O Jenner! equal to desert like thine? “ For, lo! Machaon is thy frequent guest, Pleas’d with thy converse, with thy friend- ship blest: The poor, the rich, consu!t without a fee The sacred oracle of health in thee. The mother sues thee, fill’d with just alarms, To shield her boy, and to protect. his charms , The virgin sues, lest blemishes invade, Her lovely cheeks, and all her beauties, fade, The Gaul himself, though envious .of our name, Adores thy art, and celebrates thy fame; The grateful nations one loud pzan raise, And a!l the wond’ring world resounds thy praise.” This agreeable writer then proceeds with somie spirited lines respecting the great na- tional contest with our gigantic adversary ; and thus concludes: : «© Jenner, farewel!--nor shall the bar detain ; From nobler studies by too long a strain, Nor from its object alienate a mind Intent on labours useful to mankind. May Heaven, to whom my suppliant voice I raise, Prosper thy labours, and prolong thy days ! While deathless heroes, who maintain our fame, And add new glories to the British name, Around their brows unfading laurels twine, The Civic Crown, O Jennen! shall be thine.’” PROVINCIAL OCCURRENCES, WITH ati THE MARRIAGES anp DEATHS ; Arranged geographically, or in the Order of the Counties, from North to South. * Authentic Communications for this Department are always very thankfully received. = NORTHUMBERLAND AND DURHAM. AT a meeting of the Tyne Side Agricultu- ral Society, held at Harlow Hill on the 4th of September, the following pren:iums were determined upon to be adjuded at the enfuing tair at Ovingkam on the 26th of Oc- tober next :—For the beft crop of turnips not lefs than fix acres lying together on one plot bf ground, ten guineas; for the beft cow with calf or breeding heifer under three years old, bred by the fubferiber, and his property at the time of fhowing, five guineas ; for the next beft, two guineas; for tne bef pair of two year old fteers, bred, &c. as above, five guineas ; for the beft brood mare for the purpofe of breeding chapman horfes, three guineas ; for the beft two years old «Sapman colt, three guineas ; for the beft two years eld chapman filly, two guineas; for the beft pen of five one fhear wethers, five guineas ; to the labourer in hu{bandry who has brought up in habits of honelt induftry to at leaft feven years of age the greateft number of le- gitimate children without afliflance from the parifh, five guineas. Applications are intended to be made to Parliament for Aéts for making a turnpike road from the town of Wooler in Northum- berland to Chatton, aad thence to North Sun- derland harbour ; and alfo a branch from the faid road to Belfurd ;—and for improving the navigation of fuch part of the river Tees as is fituated between Stocktom in Durham and the fea, by making a cut through the neck of land-on the fouth fide of Holme Houfe in the parith of Stockton upon Tees. Married.| At Newcaitle, Mr. Henry, Ranfon, clerk in the bank of Mefixss, Lamh- ton 4 1805.] ton & Co. to Mifs Ann Ireland, daughter of the Rev. Jofeph Ireland.—Mr. Rees, of the Theatre Royal, to Mifs Ann Robfon. At Bifhop Middicham, Henry Fearon, efq. fon of the late William Fearon, efg. of New- caftle, to Mifs M. Taylor. At Chefter-le-ftreet, Mr. Jackfon, fur- geon, to Mifs Watfon, niece of John bird, efq. : ov Monkwearmouth, Mr. Thomas Clark, of Hylton, land f{teward to Simon Temple, efg. to Mifs D. Stoddart, of Jarrow Red- houfe. At Berwick, Mr, William Logan, jun. to Mifs Ford, fitter to William F. efq At Kelloe, Durham, Mr. Anthony Dar- ling, of Sedgefield, to Mifs Ifabella Busti- fon, of Coxhoe. At Morpeth, Mr. William Young, to Mifs Mary Swan. At Haltwhiftle, Robert Dixon, efgq. fon of Captain D. of Ingoe-hall, to Mifs Dixon, of Glenwhelt. Died.] At Durham, Mrs. Margaret Bees, widow of Mr. Matthew B. innkeeper, 75.— Mr. William Shotton, fen. 91.—Mr. Edward Lofthoufe. At Winlaton, Mr, George Bourn, 45 years cafhier to Meffrs. Crowley, Millington and Co. at that place. He'has left 20]. to the Infirmary of Newcaftle, and numerous lega- cies to his relations and friends. At Harton-houfe, near South Shields, Richard Scott, efg. At Hexham, john Heron, efq. go. At Billingham, Durham, the Rev. Mr. Afpinwall, curate of Wolvilton. At Widrington, near Morpeth, Mr, Forf- ter, 31. At Newcaftle, Mr. Jofeph Coats.—Mr. Roper, tallow chandler.—Mrs. Ann Forf- ter, widow of Mr. Ralph F. 76.—Mrs. Ren- noldfon, wite of Mr. R. thip-builder, 83 — Mr. Sylvefter Steward, mafter mariner, 34. —Mr. John Walker, clock and watchmaker. As a workman his mechanical abilities were allowed to furpafs thofe of moft others of his profeffion ; and the trade in general are in- debited to him for many new inventions. At the Leazes, near Newcaftle, Mrs. Reid, wife of Mr. Alexander R. tobacco manufac- turer, 53. At Walfingham, Mrs. Ann Harrifon, wife of Mr, John H. 85. f At Berwick, Mr. William Wood, 69. At Sunderland, Mrs. Bolam, $1.—Mr. James Wood, thip-owner, $1. At Monkwearmouth, Mifs Lowes, daugh- ter of Mr. Francis L. coal-fitter. At Newton by the Sea, Dr. Forfter, many years an eminent phyfician at Alnwick, 36. At South Shields, Mifs Thompfon, daugh- ter of the late John T. efq. 62. At North Shields, Mrs. Liddell, reli€t of the tate John L. efg.—Mrs. Theodofia Cook, gelict of the late Mr, John C, thip-ownerew Cumberland and Weftmoreland. 275 Mrs. Fenwick, wife of Mr. Thomas F. fhip- owner, 32. Near the village of Weftoe, South Shields, William Cuzen, a private in the’ royal artil- lery, 23. He blew out his brains with a horfe-piftol. His head from the lower jaw upward was blown to atoms, fome pieces be- ing found many yards diftant from the body. The coroner’s inqueft returned a verdiét of lunacy. A fhort time before he committed the rafh athe called at a public-houfe in’ Wefloe, and wrote a letter addreflcd to Mr, Chadwick, of Burgh-hall, Lancathire, which is fubjoined. Part of it is a quotation from, Blair’s Poem on the Grave. The words in italics in that paffage he did not write ; they acc inferted to make up the quotation ; but in the profaic part the words if poffible were underlined by him. 6¢ Mr. Edward Chadwick, ) Burgh-hall, ..-- Thomas Chadwick, { Lancathire. “© Ab hoc momento pendet eternitas ! “¢ Dreadful attempt ! ¢¢ Juft reeking from felf-flaughter, ina rage ‘¢ To ruth into.the prefence of our Judge 5 © As if we challeng’d him to do bis worft, , 6¢ And matter’d not his wrath ! Unheard of tortures 66 Muft be referved for fuch: thefe herd to- gether: } ‘¢ The common damn’d fhun their fociety, ‘* And look upon themfelves as fiends lefs foul. . «Wo, Cuzen.) s¢ Sir Edmund Head. ‘¢ Sir John Honey wood. 6¢ Mrs, Eliza Vincent. ** Captain Thomas Cuzen. ‘¢ Sir Ralph Abercrombie, dead. «6 Mrs, Caurbrune, ¢* Sir Thos, Levingfton, <¢ William Lee, efq. ‘¢ R, F. Lee, efg. Warrant of Attorney Office. 66 a Popplewell, merchant, London. ** Tonce had thoufands, and was once phi- lofophic enough to brave misfortunes ; but § have been negleéted, therefore 1 have done this, ‘* Tam gone a long journey, but, if fo/- Jible, will return to torment ingratitude. ‘< ] was ever grateful—the world has loft anornament, a diamond in rhe rough.” london: ; CUMBERLAND AND WESTMORLAND. Application is intended to be made to Pare liament in the next feflion for an A& for re- pairing, widening, and improving, the roads leading from Calder Bricge through Raven- glafs, Bootle, Broughton, and Ulverfton, to Lancafter and Liverpool, and for diverting part of it; likewife for an Act to enable the truttees of the turnpike roads to build bridges acrofs the Mite and the Efk near Ravenglafs ; and for another for inclofing the commons and wafte grounds in the parifh and manor of Abbey Holme. Mr. Mme \ 276 Mr..Curwen, of Workington Hull, has eontraéted with two nurferymen at Kefwicic ta plant for him at Windermere this feafon four hundred acres with twelve hundred thoufand trees. Married.} At Walney, Mr. Alderman Berry, of Kendal, to Mrs. Wilkinfon. At Gretna Green, Mr. R. Bunyan, to Mifs Nicholfon, both of Carlifle. At Egremont, the Rev. Mr. Lindow, of Cleator, «ector of Conniftone, to Mifs Gray- fon, of Wood End. At Penrith, Mr. John Pearfon, to Mifs Mary Edenall. At Kirklinton, Mr. Henry Dodd, 60, to Mifs Eleanor Irving, 17. The inequality of fature in this couple is not lefs remarkable than that of ‘heir ages, the bridegroom being nearly fix feet high and the-bride only four feet three inches. At Carlifle, Mr. Jofeph Thompfon, banker, of London, to Mifs Hannah Parkins, eldeft daughter of Mr. P. At Kefwick, ohn Bree, efg. nephew of Sir Martin Stapylton, of Mytons, Yorkshire, to Mils Eliza Barcroft, fecond daughter of Jo- feph B. efq. of Caftlerigg. Died.| At Sebergham, Mrs, Grace Ell- wood, wife of James E. efq. 71. At Workington, Mr. Kay, comptroller of the cufloms of that port—-Mr. Jofeph Thompfon, mate of the fhip Lively.—Mrs. Tye, wife of Mr. John T. 7o. At Skelfmergh, near Kendal, Mr. Ifaac Coulthwaite, 94. At Newton, near Kirby Lonfdale, the Rev. Thomas Holden, who is fuppofed to have drowned himfelf in the river Lune, in which his body was found. He had recently come from Hallfall, near Ormskirk, when about a year ago he bada living and a fchool, to Kirby Lonfdale, where he took lodgings. He had been ina defponding way for fome time. The coroner’s inqueft brought in a verdict of lunacy. At Afhley Grove, near Egremont, Mr. Chrifopher Williamfon, of Whitehaven, 70. At Egremont, Mr. William Bateman. At Nethertown, Mr. lofeph Noble, 23. At Clifton, near Penrith, Mr. William Richardfon, formerly an ironmonger at the Tatter place. At Caldbeck, Mr. Jofeph Smith, 95. He had officiated as clerk of Bolton church up- wards of 60 years. At Whitehaven, Mr. William Woodburn, formerly.a fhipwright, 93. At Underbarrow, near Kendal, Mrs, Ann Hervey, wife of the Rev. Mr. H. 62. At Carlifle yy Misa Hetherington, wife of Mr. H. clothier. She had returned in the evening from a yiGt in remarkably good fpi- rits, {oon afterwards complained of a ilight indifpofition, went to bed, and in a very fhort time expired —Mirs. Mary Blaylock, 89. Mrs. Waidale, wife of Mr. W. partner in Madis. Forfter and Co.’s print field. ve Ss Cumberland and Weftmareland. ‘ [Oe 1, At Rigg, in the parith of Kirklinton, Mrs. Margaret Graham, a maiden lady, 61. ‘ At Longtown, Thomas Murris, 90. He entered early in life into the army, and was prefent at many pitched battles in Flanders and Germany, and at that of Culloden dur- ing the Scotch rebellion. At Unthank, near Penrith, Mrs. Cowper, wife of Mr. C, agent to Sir Frederic Vane, Bart sean. At Corby, near Carlifle, Mr. Philip Ro- binfon, one of the ableit mathematicians in this part of the country. At Brampton, Mrs. Wallace, formerly a draper and midwife of that place, 76. At Everton, Mrs. Tarlton, wife of John T. efq. 74. At Middletown, near St. Bees, Mr. Wm. Borrowdale. At Kendal, Mr. Benjamin Hurd, fhear- man.—-Mrs. Webfter, wife of Mr, Francis W. archireé. At Grange, near Kendal, the Rev. James Freeman, late of Wakefield, 53. ; [Further Particulars relative to the late Mr, Sfames Lickbdrrow, whofe death was noticed in cur Magazine for Auguft. Mr. James Lick- barrow was a man not more diftinguifhed by ingenuity than by probity and induftry, He was a native of the parith of Sedbergh, a fmall town in Yorkthire, on the confines of Weftmoreland. By birth a Quaker, he was prevented from receiving a fuitable education by the poverty of his parents and the dif tance of his refidence from any feminary be- longing to his friends. Thefe difadvantages, however, did not hinder him from acquiring a fund of ufeful and general knowledge, com- paratively at an early period ; for at the age of twenty he became a felf-taught affiftant in an academy at Kendal, eftablifhed by the fo- ciety of which he was a member. In this fituation, befides difcharging the duties’ of his office with exemplary care, he ftudied dif- ferent branches of the mathematics with fuc- cefs, and cultivated a tafte for Englifh literae ture, particularly poetry and fpeculative phi- lofophy. But his lJeifure was not devoted entirely to intelleétual pleafures and literary purfuits; for the narrownefs of his fortune compelled him to think ferioufly of improv~ ing his condition by produ€tive labour. His mornings and evenings.“therefore were dedi- cated ina great meafure to mechanical em- ployments. But hisattention was principally turned to engraving cyphers on {teel feals 5 and his proficiency in. this art foon placed him, in the opinion of good judges, on at leaft an equality with the belt artifts of the kind out of the metropolis. Were virtuous exertions always crowned with fuccefs, Mr. Lickbarrow would foon have realized a coms petency fufficient to anf{wer his moderate de- mands ; but after he became mafter of a fae mily, domeftic calamities of the moft affli@t- ing nature quickly confumed the fruits of his diligence and frugality, ftripping him of ery 1805.] every thing befides the refpeét due to his merit, and the pleafures of a mind early ha- bituated to reflef&tion and the improvement of its ideas. This happy talent proved the folace of his numerous troubles ; for comply- ing with neceffity and the bent of his genius, he learned to arrange his thoughts and exer- cife his underitanding, while his hands were ‘employed. It mutt be confeffed, however, that a love for philofophical contemplation feems to have aggravated his misfortunes at an eventful period of his life ; for an acci- dental perufal of the theological writings of Dr. Prieftley led him to examine his own re- ligious principles, though furrounded by a diftreffed family ; and the alteration produced in his opinions compelled him, after many re- lu@tant ftruggles, to feparate from that fo- ciety in the bofom of which he had been edu- cated. Thar in this painful aét of duty (ac- cording to his judgment) he gave a decifive proof of integrity and fincerity in religious profeffion, will be acknowledged even by thofe who regard his conviétions as ill found- ed ; andit isa pleafure to add, that his fepa- * gation ultimately redounded to his honor and to the credit of his former friends ; for during the ficknefs which preceded his death the members of that fociety were the firft to open 2 fubfcription for his relief, thereby teftifying their refpeé for his virtues, and fhewing to the world an example of candour deferving the imitation of every Chriftian fest. A few days after the death of this eftimatle man a difcourfe was delivered before the fociety of Proteftant Diffenters in the Market-place, Kendal, of which during feveral years he had been a highly refpeéted member. The dif- courfe concluded as follows:—‘* In thus ftating to you the foundation upon which fhould ref our fubmiffion to the divine will in the near profpeé& of death, I have had in view the fentiments and feelings of that per- fon whofe departure from amongft us has oc cafioned this difcourfe. Otten has it becn my lot, in the difcharge of profeffional duty, or in compliance with the ca‘ls of friendfhip, to vifit the fick and dying bed ; but never uid I witnefs yreater ferenity of mind than he was enabled to difpliy in the moft trying cir- cumftances Under the feeblenefs of a gra- dual incurable decline, even in the immedi- ate profpe& of diffolution, he was calm afd tranquil. He was enabled to reafon with Compofure upon ¢he nature of his future profpects in life, had life been continued, and to conclude with refignation, that though his worldly profpedig were improving, all things confidered, it was better for him to depart.— This compofure and refignation were not more owtag to a phi-ofophical than toa reli- Biousturn of mind. ith him, indeed, phi- lofophy and religion were firmly united. Of the truth, excellence, and importance, of tne latter, he always appeared to have ftrong ime eri 3 impyeffions not tinétured with en- hyfiaim por derived from Luperftition, but Yorkfires 277 fpringing from mature deliberation, from ra- tional conviétion, and regulated by a fober judgment.. His natural endowments, which were confiderable, he had cultivated and im- proved by clofe application, and amid numerous and neceflary employments of a different nature, had acquired a ftock of ufe- ful learning. and a fund of knowledge not always furpaffed by men of greater leifure and more liberal education. Truth he loved with fincerity and defended with ardour ; nor was he ever difpofed to facrifice it in compli- ance with the prejudices or to flatter the paf- fions of others. To the integrity and ufeful- nefs of his conduét, and the high degree of eftimation in which his refpectable character was generally held, many teftimonials might be adduced ; but delicacy forbids me todo more than hint at one, which was equally ho- nourable to him who received ana to them who gave it. The benevolence of his friends aided the piety of his refignation, and he part ed from life without a figh of regret Inan age of frivolity and vice, the contemplation of fuch a character (if we make every allow- ance for the foibles and imperfe&tion to which human nature is liable in all ftations) is cheering and edifying. May it prove a blefs- ing to thofe whom he has left behind, whilt they are difpatching that journey through life, which he has now finifhed 5 and may it incite them to merit the fame teftimony of refpeét and honour which he has received, In faying fo much upon charaéter, I have de» viated from my ufual praétice upon thefe oc cafions, under the conviétion that the deceaf. ed, confidering his ftation and fphere of ace tion, was far beyond what may be called a common charaéter, and becaufe I think, if thofe particular virtues for which he was diftinguifsed were more prized and aimed at, we fhould in general be more ufeful than we are. To thofe who are left to pafs chrougty the world without the guide and proteCior of their early youth, it is to be hoped that the charaéter he fuftained will provea benefit ; fo that the favour and patronage which was fhewn to him may in fome meafure be ex- tended tothem. One dependence indeed they have in common with all the deftitute and afflicted. in the way of duty they may with confidence rely upon that Being who is the God of their fathers, and has declared hime felf to be the fricnd and the proteétor of the orphan Upon ail occafions he is able to affift and comfort them: the virtuous he will guide through life ; nor will even death it- felf feparate chem from his favour. To Hig will may they, may all @f us, fubmit, and in obevience to it be trampedh@gp for lappinefs in a future and immortal! tate] YORKSHIR®s The half-yearly meeting. of the York. Agricultural Society, was held ag the York Tavern, on the 12th of Auguft; when the following premiums were adjudged: To James Ward, for the beft fhearling tup, five guiness ; 278 guineas; to Peter Legat, for the fecond-beft ditto, three guineas; to James Ward, for the beft two fhear tup, four guineas; to George Hardwick, for the fecond-bef&t two fhear tup, two, guineas; to W. B. Lund, for the beft cow in milk, three guineas: to the Rev. Mr. Percival, for the beft yearling heifer, three guineas; to Chriftopher Wand, for the beft boar, two guineas. A premium ef two guineas, and the thanks of the meet- ing, were given to Mr. Baines, for an im- plement which he exhibited fcr the purpofe of levelling land, which premium he has fince generoufly returned to the fociety. The thanks of the meeting were voted to Mr. Plumer, for his attention to the fociety in exhibiting feveral {pecimens of wools, produced from his Spanifh and from his Ry- Jand fheep, and alfo from his crofs between the Spanith and Yorkthire fheep, which lat- ter feemed to be a great improvement to the Wool of the country. From a report of the ftate of the York Lunatic Afylum, it appears that the total amount of receipts from July 1, 1804, to July 4, 1805, was 41361. 163, 5d. and that of monies expended during the fame period including the purchafe of gsol. in the 3 per cent confols, was 37461. 4s. sdd. Jeaving a balance of 390l. 125. ‘The number of patients admitted from the firft eftablith- ment in 1777, to Augui 1, 1804, was 3712 5 frum Auguft 1, 1804, to Auguft.4, 3805, 77,,making atotal of 17893 of whom 759 have been difcharged cured, 432 re- Tieved, 262 incurable and removed by de- fire of their friends, 194 have died, and there are remaining in the houfe 87 men, and 55 women, among whom are 21 patients who enjoy the benefit of a confiderable fum, annually arifing from the enlarged payments of a few patients in eafy circumitances. Applications are intended ta be made to parliament in the next feflion, for an act for making anew cut or canal, from Hedon to Pavul in Holdernefs ; an act for making and maintaining a turnpike-road, to branch off from. the prefent road between Wakefield and Halifax at Millbridge, and to communi- cate with that leading from Leeds, to El- Jand. at or near the town of Cleck-heaton 3 an a& to make a railway from Botton-boat in the parith of Wakefield, to Hullet-hall colliery, with a branch to be made from the road beginning near Hooley Lower Mill, in Batley, to Birftall and Smithies bridge 5 and an aét for making the prepofed turnpike- road, which is to break off from the great Werth-road ‘at Baffifdale, and to pafs through Pontefra&t to MG It has been demon- firated, thatid the event of this plan being executed, the “faving to coach paffengers alone from and ¥ Leeds, will be upwards of 3cool, perannum. ‘Fo fome of the other places through which the new road is to p 3, the proportion of advantage, according ovine nl will be fill greater, and to fpeak York pire. foe. 1, ‘within bounds, its benefits will within two years, be more than equivalent to the whole expence of making the road. To Lord Gal- way and the other noblemen and gentlemen who have contributed or may aid in the execution of the plan, the landed and com- mercial intereft of the weft-riding will be deeply indebted; and the more fo as it has the fingular recommendation of effentially benefiting one part of the county, while to any other part very little lofs or inconve~ nience can poflibly arife. The following is the number of hides and and ikins infpeéted and ftamped at Leeds, from the 1ft of September, 1804, to the 1ft of September, 1805: Hides, - - - - = «© 3242 Calf Skins, - - - 5332 Lamb and Sheep icing - 445263 Married. | At York, Mr. James Skelton, of Cheapfide, Doddine to Mifs Dinfley, daughter of William D. efq. of Leeds. At Otley, the Rev. Mr. Rye, to Mifs Fofter. Mr. Maurice Phillips, a diffenting mi- nifter, of Rotherham, to Mifs Efther Dea- kin, daughter of Mr. Wm. D. of Attercliff, near Sheffield, At Hull, Lieutenant Lennon, of the rsth foot, to Mifs Varley, daughter of Mr. Vi— Mr. Wm. Oldfield, ironmonger, to Mifs Mary Outram, daughter of Mr. Benjamin O, The Rev, fos. Jobofon, of Warrington, Lancafhire, to Mifs Crawshaw, eldeft daughs ter of John C. efq of Bierley- hall, near Bradfosd. At Ackworth, Mr. Nathaniel Pryer, pro- prietor of the Bridge-foundry in Leeds, to Mifs Eliz. Gregory. At Leeds, Mr. John Anderfon, faddler and ferjeartt in the Leeds volunteer infantry, to Mrs. Stancliffe, of the Nag’s-head-inn, N. B. Hodgfon, efq. of Braflerton-hall, to Mifs Jemima Eleonora Sowerby, younger daughter of Major General S. of Doncafter. A. Felkirk, Thomas Belk, efg. of Pon- tetiact, to Mits Cuttle, daughter of the late Benjamin C. of South Helmley, near Wake- field. At Halifax, Wm. Elwell, efq. of Shelf iron-works, near Bradford, to Mifs Sutcliffe, daughter of Richard S. of 'Wather- lane, near Halifax.—Mr. Peter Woodhead, corn-dealer, of North Owram, to Mifs Sufannah Heming~ way of Wibfey, near Br ad ford. Died] At Hull, Charles Shipman, efq, merchant, an elder ‘brother of the Trinicy- houfe of that port, and twice warden of the corporation, 64.—Mrs. Prifcilla Groen, 65. —Mrs. Thackray, reli€& of Mr. Wm. T.— Lieutenant Thomas Lane, of the royal nayy, and late of the Charles armed fhip.— 3e0rge. Robarts, efg. formerly of Beverley, brother to Abraham R, efq. M.P.—Mr. Frederic Wilkinfon, a well-known performer on the flack wire, and brother to Mrs, Mountain of Drury-lane, theatre, 55. At 1805.] _ At York, Jofeph Walker, efq:—Mrs. Longfton, wife of Captain George L. of Keld- head, near Pickering, 28.—Myrs. Barber, wife of Mr. John B. toyman.—Mr. Henry@ Meadley, of the Globe public-houfe in the Shambles, 47. At Leeds, Mr. A. Bothamley, liquor-mer- chant, and formerly a bookfeller, 28 —Mrs. E. Shillito, formerly of Pontefra&, 79.—Mr. 1. Clayton, butter faétor.—Mils Wood, only daughter of Mr. Jofeph W.—Mr. Hodgfon, many years mafter of an Academy in Park- row. , At Wakefield, the Rev. Michael Bacon, nearly 41 vears vicar of that place, 76. In him the poor have loft a valuable friend, whofe heart and hand were ever open to re- lieve their diftrefles.x_—Mr. B. Wilfon, cloth- drawer,—Miis Sarah Stead, daughter of Mr. S. 18. At Pontefra&t, Mr. Wm. Faber, late of Leeds, 78.—Mr. Edward Wilfon, father to Mr. Thomas W. of Leeds, brandy-merchant. At Redcar, Mifs Anne Dundas, fecond daughter of the Hon. C. L. D. 5. At Eafingwold, Mrs. Johnion, wife of Mr. Charles J. 35. At Bridlington-quay, Mr. Joha William- fon, 74. At Whitby, Mr. Anthony Buck, mafter mariner, 58.—Mr. Ifaac Chapman, matter mariner. - At Crofsland-hill, near Huddersfield, fud- denly, while on a vilit to her daughter, Mrs. Beaumont, Mrs, Ridsdale, of Leeds, relict of Francis R. efq. 73. At Farnley-hall, near Leeds, Mifs Jane Armitage, fecond daughter of Edward A, efq. : tae Hedon, Mr, Carrick Watfon, brewer, 6. At Sheffield, Mrs Jane Loy.—Mr. Wm. Rall, 24.—Mr. Jofeph Owen, joiner. At Woodfeats, near Sheffield, Mrs. Bing ham, relict of Mr. Wm, 8. 77. At Eaft Burnham, Mrs. Scephenfon, re- lit of Henry S, efy. and mother to the Countefs of Mexborough, At Cottingham, Mr. Rielley, at the ad- vanced age of 58 '. At Halifax, Mr. Wm. Taylor, tin-plate ~ worker, At Doncafter, Mrs. Holmes, wife of Mr, H. of the Old George-ina. At Huddersfield, Mr. Thomas Nelfon, woolftapler. At Whitby, Jofeph Tindal}, efq. fon of Jas. T. efg. of Scarborough, banker, and Co- lonel of the Scarborough volunteers. Hgavas bathing juit below the weft battery, when he got out of his depth, and was unfortunately drowned. A young gentleman, of Whitby, named Barker, who went into the water with him, narrowly efcaped the fame fate, by his exertions to fave bis drowning friend. A drummer boy belonging to the 51ft regi- ment of infantry, gallantly plunged into the Lancafpire. £79 fea with an intention to refcue Mr. T. but the tide ran fo ftrong’ that he was quite {pent . before he could render him any aflittance, tho’ the bey was fufficiently near to hear him fay, ‘¢ If I have not affliftance I’m a loft Man.” The fate of the deceafed was peculiarly lJamentable, as he had gone to Whitby wich an intention of being married, the morning following, to Miis Mellor, of that place, an accomplithed and beautiful young lady. A large reward being offered, the moft diligent, fearch was made for the body during the whole of the day, but it was not faund till the next morning oa the fands, about a mile from the place where he was drowned, Mr. Tindall was 22 years of age. LANCASHIRE, Applications are intended to be made te parliament, for acts fur the following pur- pofes: For inclofing the commons and wafte grounds im the manor of Caton, in the parith of Lancafter; for inclofing the traGts called Extwiftle-moor and Worfthorne-moor, in the towathips of the fame name, in the parith of Whalley; for improving the navigation of the River Ribble, within the port of Prefton, beginning at Penwortham-bridge, and continuing to the fea; by placing buoys, perches, beacons, \ land and other marks, works, &c. on the banks of the river, on the fea-thore, and the lands adjoining the fame; for making a turnoike road, from and through the townthip «f Clithero, in the parith of Whalley, throu,h the townfhip of Mitton with Crook, in the Weft-riding of the county of. York, and thence through the refpeétive bamlets of Leighton, Bai- ley, Ribchefter with Delworth, Alfton with Hotherfall, Grimfargh, Brockholes, Rib- bleton, and, Prefton; for better fupplying the inhabitants of the town, aod townthip of Colne with water, and for making pipes, drains, aqueduéts, refervoirs, and other works for that purpofe; for inclofing Sid= dal-moor, in the parifh of Middleton; for making a turnpike-road from HuddersGeld in Yorkthire, to New Hey, near Milchron, in the parifh of Rochdale, with a branch ta communicate with the turnpike-road from Leeds to Elland, at the bottom of Toothill- Jane, and another branch from or near Ogden Edge, in the townfhip of Butterworth, to Denthaw Cutvert, in the parifh of Saddle- worth. In addition to the literary and fcientific * eftablifhments already exiting in Liverpool, a fociety has juft been inftituted, which, if actively fuppovted, cannot fail to advance the progrefs of fome of the moft important branches of human knowledge, The prin- cipal fubjegts to which the fociety propofes to direét its inveftigations, are medicine, anatomy and chemiftry, as well as phyfics in general, and occafionally every branch of natural philofopby. The eQubhifhmenc wil! be 430 be conduéted on nearly the fame plan as the Yiterary and philofophical fociety of Man- chefter, and other inftitutions of a fimilar nature. The members propofe to aflemble once a fortnight, and at each meeting the * fubject of the fucceeding night’s difcuffion is to be propofed and approved. The quef- tion is to be opened by a written memoir, to be produced and read by any of the mem- bers, after which, the inveftigation is to be continued by the oral communications of fuch perfons as chufe to deliver their opi- pions. Moft of the principal gentlemen of the faculty in town, and fome others of diftinguifhed talents, have already offered their fupport, and there can be no doubt, but that the fociety will become in a fhort time eminently ufeful in the increafe and diffufion of valuable fcience. Mr. M. Gregfon, of Liverpool, has lately publithed the refult of fome interefting. in- vettigations relative to the ufes of articles confumed by public fires. He collected from the ruins of the warehovfes deftroyed by the great fire of Liverpool, in 1802, a quantity of wheat, burnt fugar, rice, flour, and cotten; the fugar he reduced to a fine powder, and made into a water colour paint; jt alfo anfwered as a varnifh ground, an oil colcur, and a printing ink. The burnt wheat anfwered the fame purpofes ; and the fine American flour he made into excellent pate. Thus, though the articles damaged . by the above fire fold for little more than 33,000]. Mr. G. exprefles his conviction, that had his method been adopted, a faving of 44,o00l. might have been made upon the grain alone. ‘The fociety of arts have voted him their gold medat for his obfervations. Married.) At Manchefter, Henry Potts, efg. of Chefter, to Mifs Ann Taylor, young- eit daughter of the late Samuel T. efq. of Mofton.——Jchn Mois, efq. merchant of Li- verpool, to Mifs Taylor.—Mr. W.Lazonby, to Mils Hutchinfon.—Mr. Thomas Tatterfall, of Chetham, to Mifs Nancy Ridge—Mr. Jobn Harrifon, to Mifs Gregfon.—Mr. Wm. Turner, merchant, to Mils Yates, davgater of Mr. Richard Y. At Blackburne, Mr. T. Ratcliff, partner in the calico printing works at Lowe Clough, near Haflingden, to Mifa Lomax, daughter of Mr. L. of Haflingden. Rt Liverpool, Mr. Mott, to Mifs E. Bure rows.—Mr. Quin, to Mifs Jones, only daughter of Wm. J. efqg—Mr. Thomas Hodgfon, of London, merchant, to Mifs Martha Hodgfon.—Mr. David Dockray, merchant of Manchefter, to Mifs Benton, daughter of the late Mr. Robert B. At Ulverftone, Mr. Thomas Park, tobac- conift, to Mrs. Foulkes, widow of the late Captain John F. of Liverpool. : At Garitang, Mr. Wm. Rich, merchant #f Liverpool, to Mifs Betty Wilding, daugh- ter of Mr. Cuthbert W~ of Roa. Lancafbire. [O&. 1, . : a James Higgin, to Mife Maria Strick run Hs daughter of John S. efg. of Ulver- At Leyland, Mr. John Dewhurft, of that place, innkeeper, aged 24, to Mifs Hannah Derbythire, of Blackrod, aged 21: being his third wife in feyenteen months! What is remarkable, the bride came upon a vifit about a week before with another young lady her acquaintance, to a refident in Ley- land, and, by way of a frotic, they caft lots which muft be the happy partner, when fortune favoured the former; the unfortu- nate rival flewto inform the bridegroom of the other's fuccefs, and the match was inftantly concluded. Died.} At Manchefter, Mr. Wm. An- drews.——-Mr. Jofeph Syers, carver and gilder. —Mr. Thomas Shaw.—Mrs. Hampfony wife of Mr, Robert H.—Mr. Samuel Cooper, flater.—Mrs. Smith, wife of Mr. S, of the Navigation-inn. At Liverpool, Mr. Thomas Thomas, printer.—Mrs. Taylor, wife of Mr. T. Jun, miller.—Mrs. Fairclough, wife of Mr, Giles F.—Mr. John Wordfworth, clock- maker, 58.—Mr. Robert Tatterfall, cotton broker.—Mr. Thomas Bradley, late maf- ter of the Queen’s dock.—Mrs. Owen, wife of Mr. Wm. O.—Mrs. Brettargh, wife of Mr. B. of Manchetter.—Mifs Ellen Hare vey, 22, At his feat at Clerk-hill, Sir James Whal- ae Gardner, bart. t Heytha bain ae. m, near Lancafter, Mr. Samuel At Newton, Mr. John Shearfon, land= furveyor and agent for the late Col. Leigh. At Prefcot, Mr. John Poftlethwaite, Abe eminent merchant cf Liverpool, °. _ At St. Michaels, near Garftang, Mr. John Nickfon, 74. At Lancafter, Mrs. Lamb, wife of Mr. Richard L, At Woolton, near Liverpool, Mr. George Hunter, late of the ifland of Si. Martins, merchant. ‘ At Manchefter, where be had refided about 18 years, Mr. Theophilus Lewis Rupp, of Speyer, in Germany. This in- genious foreigner improved our manufactures by his fkill in mecaanics, and contributed to the advancement of fcience by his che- mical refearches, Under the fignature of ‘© Mercator,”? he publifhed in three fepa- rate pamphlets, *¢ Letters to the Inhabitants of Mpanchefter,” in which he very fuccefs- fully eonciliated the prejudices of the ma- nufa@urers, againft the exportation of cot- ton-yarn, and pointed out the narrow and miftaken policy, on which he perceived them to be founded. In the memoirs of the Literary and Philofophical Society of Manchefter, Mr. Rupp fuggefted fome im- provements in the method of bleaching by } acids 5 1605.) Chefbire—Derbyfire-—Nottinghampbire.—Lincolnfoire. acids; which, though fince fuperfeded’ by more recent difcoveries, were held of confi- derable importance, when they were firf “made public. In the fame truly refpectable memoirs, he alfo publifhed ** An Examina¢ tion of Dr. Prieftly’s Defence of the Theory of Phlogifton,” which the monthly review- _ ers, juftly defcribed as a * triumphant an- iwer’ to the Doétor’s objeCtions and remarks, But the intellef&tual powers of Mr. Rupp, diftinguifhed as they were by fuperior ex- Cellence, were yet thrown into fhade, by his moral qualities. For he pofleffed a mind jn which the proud feelings of honour,.and the ftricteft fentiments of probity, were held in-intimate union with the moft un- bounded: generofity, Quick in perception, decifive in action, he was endowed with abilities, and not lefs with. inclination. to affiit the unfortunate; and his heart andi his purfe, were always open to confole the fuf- ferings of poor humanity, ‘ #6 Multis ille flebilis occidit.? , CHESHIRE. i Married | The Rev. Mr. Alarding, of Church Stretton, to. Mifs M. Shaw, of Con- gleton. : At Nefton, Mr. Jofeph Edmonfon, of Bridge Trafford, to Mifs Cooper, late of Pickton.—Mr. John Richards, of Liverpool, to Mifs Wilding, of All-Stretton, Sirop- fhire, At Cheadle, Mr. James Withington, of Manchefter, to Mifs Bancroft, of Cheadle, At Chefter, Mr. Edward Jones, of War- rington, to Mifs Eliz. Mellor. Died.] At -Macclesfield, Mrs. Sutton, wife of Mr, S. tin-plate worker. _» Near. Macclesfield, John Orme,.collier. This man was under fentence of death, twenty-one years ago, in Chefter Caftle, on acharge of coising filver, at the. time one Oakes was executed for the fame: offence, Orme wesitwice refpited, the laft time with. ina few hours of the moment appointed for his execution. Little or no doubt was finally entertained of his innocence. At Nantwich, Mr, Thomas Jackfon, mer- Chant, 62. ‘ At Overton, by Frodtham, the Rev. Jofeph Harrifon, vicar of Ince, and fifty five years “matter of the grammar {chool, Frodfham, 43, This arduous fituation he filled with the highef credit to himfelf, and the greatett advantage to the many pupils who, during fuch a long period, came under his care; fe- yeral of: whom are, at this moment, learned and refpe€table divines of the. eftablithed ‘church, many more eminent in trade, and sath: different. branches of literature.+° His thir after knowledge was unbounded, his pplication unexampled, and his acquirements excited univerfal admiration. His manners ‘Were polite, affable, and cheerful; his heart Bprelted at the tale of woe, and his pusfe was always open to relieve diftrefs. Monrury Mac, No. 1346 “fi a 28h ; DERBYSHIRE. Married.| At Derby, Edward Moore Nor ble, efq. of Birmingham, to Mifs Allfop. At Horfeley Woodhoufe, Mr. Johan Bare ber, to Mifs Mary Radford. At Workfworth, Peter Arkwright, efy. third fonof Richard.A. efq, of Willerfley, to Mary Anne, fecond daughter of Cherles Hurt, efq od Died.] At Workfworth, Mrs. Ellen Bige ton, 56. At Totley, in the parith of Dronfield, Mr Thomas Breomhead, 23. : At Derby, Mrs. Gawthorn, wife of ‘the Rev. Mr. 'G. wminifter of the Indepesdent mecting-houfe, and daughter of Mr. Pritche ard, bookfeller, 22=—Mrs. Archdall, wite of Richard A. efq. M. P, for Dundaik, 46— Mrs. Vickors; daughter of Mr. Moore, of the Rofe and Crown, 24, h At Little Eaton, Mifs Elizabeth France Radford, third daughter of the late Mre Re NOTTINGHAMSHIRE. Married] At Tarumpton, Mr. Edward Maifey, of Swarkefton, near Derby, to Mrs. Hemf+y. AtColwick, John Mufters, jun.-efq, of Colwick Hall, to Mifs Chaworth, daughter of the late George C. efq. of Annefley Parle. At Southwell, George Hodgitinfoa Bars row, efg: attorney at law, to, Mrs: EB, Lowes At Nottingham,.Mr. John Fowkes, curs rier, to Mifs Sarah Weiley. , Died.]- At Nottingham, aged 90, MirssSae rah Cheflyn, the laft of fix maiden, fifierS, daughter of the late Robert C. efq ot Lang- ley Hall, in Leicefterfhire, on whoferdeceals in 17505 they)all wentté refideat Nottinge ham.—Mrs. Sis:pfon, relict of Mr..S.:i0f merly of the- Artichoke public-houte.—-«, ‘Marth, bréeches-maker.—=Mrsw Woo, wife of Mr. W. gardener. ; At Caritoa, Mis. Parry awiddwilaty;$5~ At Normanton, inthe Wolds, Mifs:Sarekh Welch, :8. ; j LINCOLNSHIRE. s Large works of drainage. are now going forward in: the vicinity of Lincoln, which will, moft/affured!y, be of great ‘benefic to the -public. Many other improvements might be attempted 5; but’ none hds, more claim fo attention than that fine bafin of wa~ ter, adjoining the town, known-by the name of Brayford...; Phe principal wharfs of Lins coln’) are at Brayford, but iérefied in fuch manner as-to be of no credityto the place Lf this« body of water was improved) to.the utmot, with uniform wharfs, &e- if would be an ornament to the city, and might pro» duce an annual revenue proportionate toevery eitpence. A »Applications are intended to be made th Parliament for a¢ts for dividingiand inciofing the open fields; common partures; and waite grounds, ia the feveral .parithesy of Gumbe?- worth, Lat Kirkby, Waith, and Witham : : a baie yellg N ow ———— ll 282 on the Hill, the latter including the ham- Jets of Manthorpe, Toft and Sound. It is likewife in contemplation to make a naviga- . ble canal from Alford to Wainfleet Haven, to pafs through the parifhes of Alford, Bilfby, ¥arlefthorpe, Well, Cumberworth, Willough- by, Orby, Burgh, Croft, and Wainfleet. Married:|. At Friefton, Mr. John Lawis, to Mifs Elizabeth Jeffup, only daughter ef Mr. Smith J. Mr. Henry Holgate, of High Rifby, to Mifs Holgate, daughter of Robert H. efq. of Sawcliffe. At Gainfborough, Mr. W. G. Shaw, mer- chant, of Birmingham, to Mifs M. Rollett, daughter of Mr. R. fail-maker. Mr. John HanJ, of Carita Tg to Mifs Clofe, of Collywefton. Died} At Carlby, near Statutord, Mifs Andrews, 25. At Friefton, near Bofton, Mr. Ofborne, of Collywefton, 45. About a month before he had ‘his leg broken by a kick from his horfe in the bathing machine, which accident oc- -cafioned his death. At Morton, near Gainfborough, Mr, Sla- ter, farmer. At Waddington Heath, near Lincoln, Mifs Jane Smith, youngeit daughter of the late Mr. S. At Stamford, Mrs. Davidfon, 73 —Mr. Thomas Venimore, 41.—Mils Bowling, filter to Mr. Amos Jackfon. At Louth, Mr. Edward Kime, 29,—Mrs. Bratley, 93. At Muckton, near Louth, Mr. Thomas Orby,.:73. At Grantham, Mr. John Cartier, of the White Lion inn, 66. At Sleaford, Mr. Thomas: Ball, many years a refpeCtable- ironmonger and grocer, 7- 3 At Gainfborough, Mr. Kitchen, tailor, 40. w—Mr. Slater, fchoolmatter, 64. ‘ LEICESTERSHIRE, At a general meeting of the inhabitants of Leiceiter, lately convened by the chief ma- Piltrate of thattown, it was refolved, that, in confideration of the many lives which have been annually loft in and near that place, by drowning and other caufes of fuf- pended animation, an inftitution, on the prin- ciple of the Royal Humane Society in Lon= don, fhould be efablifhed there. © Married.) At Cattle Donington, Mr, Bake- weil, of Derby, to Mifs Afhworth. At Normanton-upon-Soar, Mr. John Bar- rowclif, farmer and grazier, to Mrs. Tacy, widow of the late John T. gent. ~~ * Died. | Av Leicetter, Mra, Ayfcough, At Difeworth, Mr. Sperrey.. The te that produced his death prefents an aflifting inftance of the venomous power of wafps, whichare reprefented to be uncommonly nu- merous) this’ feafon. | One of thefe infedts ftung Mr. S. ona veiny on the back of one of bis hands, and the.venom, intermingling Leitefterfpire— Staffirdpire—Warwickpire. [O& 15 with the blood, puta period to his life the following day. STAFFORDSHIRE. Married]. At Weftbromwich, Mr. Wit- liam Whitehoufe, nail ironmonger and mer- chant, to Mifs Hately, daughter of Mr. James H. of Ettingfhall, coal-matter. At Wolverhampton, Mr. Samuel Taylor, of Cofeley, to Mrs. Ann Farmer, of Wil- Jenhall, whofe united ages amount to one hundred: and forty years.—Mr. John Proffit, to Mifs Ann Smith, of Willenhall. At Stoke-upon- Trent, Mr. John Bibby, merchant, of Liverpool, to Mifs Mellard, of Newcaftie-under-Line, At Colwich, James Macdonald, efg. M. P. only fon of the Lord Chief Haron” to Milfs Eliz. Sparrow, fecond daughter of John Ss. efq. of Bithton. Died.) At Almington, near Market Dray- ton, Mrs. Ann Lingham, late of Worcefter, "At Newcaftie-under-line, Mrs, Daniel, wife of Mr, Alexander D. At Garfton, Mr. Thomas Harvey, fon of the late Rev. J. Harvey, of Caldon, 20. At Wolverhampton, Mrs, Parker —Of an apoplectic fit, Mr. Francis Andrews, iron= monger. At Lichfield, Mrs. Davis, late of North- ampton, and reliét of Alderman William D, of that place, $3.—Mr. Samuel Roberts, of Derby, horfe-dealer. He was thrown from his horfe during the races: by the fall his fku)l was fo much fraGtured, that he expired in a few hours. At Stafford, J. Collins, efq. 34. WARWICRESHIRE. Married.] At Edgbafton, Mr. Wm, All- port, of Birmingham, to Mifs Dickenfon, of Afton Road. At Tipton, Mr. Richard Hoth? of Deep Fields, Cofeley, to Mifs Ann Porter, of Little London, Walfall. At Radford Semeley, near Warwick, Mr. William Franklin, to Mifs Stanley. At Birmingham, Mr. James Alltree, to Mifs, Ann Netchell.—-Mr. James Edwards, to Mifs Hannah Harvey.—Mr. John Burton, to Mifs Rebecca Martin.—Mr, Simmons, chemif and druggift, of Leicefter, to Mifs Mary Ford, daughter of Mr, Jofeph F. of Coventry. ' Died.] At Rea Hall, Great Barr, Mifs Charlotte Olborne, eldeft daughter of Mr. Edward O. At Bilfton, Mr. Samuel Hanfon, japanner. At Studley Cattle, Philip oka efq. 7 “ At Birmingham, Mrs. Jones, wife of Mr. J.—Mrs. Crowder:—Mrs. Howell, wife’ of ot Jofeph H. 53.—Mr. Wm. Sékoerat® Mifs Eliza Nicklin, eldeft danghter of Mr. Edward N.—Mrs. Sarah Humphreys. —Mrx. George Hands, 77.—Mr. John Houltony baker.—Mr. Thomas Allen, 75. At Water Orton, Mr..Thomas J ae at es ek ee 1805.] At Warwick, Mrs. Ann Lupworth, 73, At Folefhill, Mifs Ault, daughter of Mr. A. fchoolmafter, of Coventry. At Stratford-upon-Avon, Henry the third fon of Walter Stubbs, efq. AtCoventrv, Mr Samuel Whitwell, fon of Alderman W. 18.—Suddenly, Mr. Jofeph Weft, clerk to the head-diftributors of Ramps for that diftri@. At Sheldon, Mrs. Hurft, At Wootton Wawen, the Rev. Daniel Gaches, an a€tive magiftrate of this county, 74. He was formerly fellow and tutor of King’s College, Cambridge, B.A. 1756, M.A.1759. He was alfo rector of Long Compton for many years; but with the con- fenr of the provoft and fellows of Eton, he refigned-that living in favour of his nephew. ~ He poffefled confiderable learning, uncom- mon vigour of intelleét, and never facrificed his integrity at the fhrine of popularity. “SHROPSHIRE. Moarried.] At Broomfield, Mr. Wellings, of Shelderton, to Mifs Gardner.——Mr. C. Hughes, of Halford, to Mifs Titley, of Cookeridge. At Chetwynd, John Stone, efq. of Long- don, Worcetterfhire, to Mifs Thorley, fitter to Major T. of the 96th regt. Died.] At Shrewfbury, Mr. Edward Bays ley.—-Mr, Francis Hand, lock{mith and bell hanger, a truly ingenious man, 66.—Mr. Wo. Price, youngeft fon of Mrs. P. glazier, 23. at Market Drayton, Mr. John Griffith. At Kingfland, Mrs. James, wife of John efq. At Ludlow, Thomas Cooke, efq.—-Mr. Richards, brazier.—Mrs. Mary Graham, At Yourton, Mr. Richard Micklewright, a private in Captain Corbit’s troop of North Shropfhire yeomanry cavalry. At Ketley, Mifs Hannah Holtham, eldeft daughter of the late Mr, Wm. H. At Marlow, Rowland Littlehales, efq. formerly of Shrewtbury, 76. At Ofweftry, Mifs Edwards, drefsmaker. WORCESTERSHIRE. From a report of the ftate of the Worcef- ter General Infirmary, from midfummer, 1304, to midfummer, 1305, it appears chat the number of patients admitted during that period was 9443 out of which fifty in-pati- ents remain in the houfe, and 76 out-patients on the books: 450 have been difcharged cured, fifty-nine relieved, and thirty have died. The receipts of the hofpital in the fame interval were 1660]. 6s, 744, and the difburfements 1414l. 11s. 64d. leaving a ba- lance of 2451. 158. 1d. in hand. The funded ftock belonging to the inftitution is 680ol. in the three per cent, confols. and 200}, in the three per cent. reduced, arifing from the balance of the Worcefter Bread Charity, in 1802. The total number of patients admit- ted fince the eftablifhment of this infirmary, in 1745, is 52,162. Shrop/bire—Worcefter/bire—Hercford/hire. 283 Married} At Worcefter, Mr. Chambersy of the Theatre Royal, to Mrs. Walcot.—= Mr. T. Gardner, to Mifs Taylor.—Mr. Richard Jones, brazier, to Mifs Clarke, daughter of Mr. C.—Mr. Davis, of Brofeleyy to Mifs Wilfon, daughter of Mr. W. of Bev nard’s Green, near Maivern. At Droitwich, Mr. Trehcarn, currier, to Mils Wagftaft. At Kidderminfter, Wm. Turton, efq. eld- eft fon of John T. efg. of Ruffel-fquare, London, to Mifs Parfons, daughter of Wm, P. efg. of Wribbenhall, near Bewdley. 5 At Evefham, Mr. T. Caddick, druggift and grocer, of Tewlkccfbury, to Mils Mary Pearce, daughter of Mr. P. grocer, of the former place. Died.] At Little London, near Worceftery Mrs. Read, wife of Mx. Samuel R. glover. At Huat End, Feckenham, Mr. Chatta~ way. mm St. John’s, near Worcefter, Mrs. Judith Elcox, widow of the late Mr. John E. 73. At Lemington, the Rev. Mr. Raynsford, of Powick.—Mr. Charles Trunftall, formerly of Bockleton Houfe, and Dean Park, near Tenbury, 35. At Briftol Hot-wells, Mrs, Smith, wife of Ferdinando S. efg. of Barbourne Place, near Worcefter, ana daughter of the late General St. George Knudfon. At Omberfley, Mis. Burrow, wife of Mr. B. 7o. At King’s Norton, Mr. WW. Cartwright, eldeft fon of Mr.C. engineer. At Feckenham, Mrs. iobday, widow of Mr. H. needle-manufa&turer. At Worcefter, Mr. J. Malpas, fon of Mrs. M. white{mith —Mrs. Fieldhoufe mother to Mr. F. of the Crown, and Star and Garter inns. HEREFORDSHIRE. Marrizd.] At Woolhope, Mr. W. H. Gwillim, of the Brainge, to Mifs Jones, eldeft daughter of Mr. John J. of the Hazle. At Brimfield, John Edmunds, efq. of the Moor-abbey, to Mifs Pitt, eldeft daughter of Mr. P. of Non-upton, At Hereford, Mr. J. B. Price, timber-mer- chant, to Mifs Butts. t Diecd.| At Lianrothal, aged nearly 100 years and in the full poffeiiion of his faculties the Rev Martin Barry, vicar of that parith, which living he held 65 years ; an inftance which can fcarcely be paralleled. At Brierly, Mis, Davies. ° At Rofs, Mr. T. Triftram, builder and auctioneer, 57. . At Weobley, Mrs.. Probert, wife of Mr. P, baoker,53, » At Hereford, Edmund Cox, efq. 84. , GLOUCESTERSHIRE. Applications are intended to be mde to parliament in the next feffion for ads for taking down Weftgate bridge, in the city of Gloucefier, and for building a new bridge Nnz acrufs 284 Oxfordhire—Buckinghampire—Huntingdonfbires Sc. [OR 1, acrofs the Severn, at, or near the fpot where Weityate bridge now ftands 3 and for altering and improving the Bath river navigation be- tween Hanhamn-mills, in this county dnd the quay, Bath; and for making a horfe- towisg path for the convenience of veflels navigating that river. ©! Married}, At Sifton, PT. Wykham, efq. of Thame-park, Oxfordshire, to Mifs' H. L. Trotman, daughter of Fiennes T. efq. of Silten-court. Mr. Chappell of Didmarton, to Mifs Ralph, @aughter of Mr. R. of Minchinhampton. At Hempited, near Gloucefter, Ralph Price, efq. fecond fon of Sir Charles P. bart. P, to Mijf(s Charlotte Savery Hardy, youngeft daughter of the late Lieutenant Colonel H. At Stroud, Mr. Sugars, fupervifor of ex- cife, to Milfs Jones. Mr. Dee, formerly ferjeant major inthe Tewkelbury cavalry, to Mifs Farmer of Twining Fleet, near Téwkefbury. Died | At Vewkelbury, Mrs. Hope, tal- low chandler and foap-boiler.—Mrs, Collett, wife of Mr. H. Collett. At Tetbury, Mrs. Smith, wife of Mr. Wm. $. joiner. At Upton-upon-Severn, Mrs. Hankins, relict of D’Avenant, H. efq. At Gloucefter, Mrs. Hoare.—Mrs. Hatch, mother of Mr, H. of the New-inn. At Breadftone, near Berkeley, Mr. John- ftone, farmer. At Twining, Mifs Orme, daughter of Mr. O, of Upton-upon Severn, 20, OXFORDSHIRE. Married] At Whitchusch, the Rev. Ed- ward Vanfittart, fecond fon of George V. efq. M. P. to Milfs Gardiner, eldeft daughter of Samuel G. efq. of Coombe-lodge. at Oxford, Mr. John Sherratt, of Bir- mingham, to Milfs Mary WHall.—Mr. Richaid Spiers, hair-drefler and perfumer, to Mifs Sirman, daughter of Mr. James S. Died.} At Wytham, Milfs Eleanor Bertie, daughter of the Rey. J, Bertie, uncle of the Yate Ear) of Abingdon, At Oxford, Mrs. Stockford, wife of Mr. Samuel S. and mother of the Rev. Mr. S. reflor of St, Aldate’s, 67.—Suddenly, Mrs. Eliz. Toner, wife of Mr, William T. 66.— Mr, Jofeph Munday, fen, 71.—Suddenly in the houfe of Sir Digby Mackworth, bart. . Wirs. Jane Mainwaring, nurfe, 67. This faithful and valuable fervant lived in the fa- mily upwards of 4o years ——Wm. Bricknell, Efg: of Evenioad, Worcefterfhire. — Mr, Richard Budd, mafter of the Waggon ‘and Horfes public-houfe, 59, At Elsfield, Mrs, Rachael Butler, reli&t of Mr. Wm. 8. 82, — BUCKINGHAMSHIRE. Mr. Wm. Brovks, a refpeétable farmer at Ayletbury, lately undertook to plough an acre end a half of clover ley, chain meafure, in eight hours, Confiderable wagers were depending, which were decided in favour of Mr, Brooks, who performed it in fix hours and ten minutes with the old Buckingham- fhire foot-plough, drawn by four horfes at, length. Mr. B. continued for an hour and eight minutes longer, in which time he ploughed a rood and feven poles more. The ploughing was done to the entire fatisfaétion of the judges, amidft a numerous concourfe of fpeftators, Married} At Buckingham, Mr. John Jofeph Stockdale, fon of Mr. John S, book feller of London, to Mifs Sophia Millagan. Mr, Charles Bofworth, of Brampton, Nor- thamptonthire, to Mifs Ratcliff of Wolver~ ton. Died.| At Radnage, the Rev. C. W, Tonyn, brother to the late general T. 75. HUNTINGDONSHIRE. Dicd.] At Huntingdon, Mr. Jofhua Cra- mond, At Abbots Ripton, Elizabeth Crawley, wife of John C, 47. She had been tapped eighteen times during the laft year of her life, in which feventy-fix gallons of water were taken from her. At Ramfay, Mr. G, Wilkinfon, attorney at law, end one of the mafters extraordinary in Chancery, NOR THAMPTONSHIRE. Nearly all che great works on the important and extenfive line of inland navigation, the Grand Jun&tion Canal are now completed, The ftupendous embankment between Wools verton and Cofgrove, near Stoney Strat- ford, is now opened for the ufe of the trade; by this great work nine locks by its fide, four down and five up, are avoided, and one level fheet of water is formed, from Stoke-Bruern, to fome miles fouth of Fenny Stratford, as well as on the Buckingham branch, extend- ing to within a mile of that town. The arches under this embankment for the paf- fage of the Oufe river, which were faid to be finking foon after the centres were ftruck, have happily proved fufficient, and the em- hankment feems to poffefs great ftability. The branch and iron railway, that is to con- ne& the Grand Jun@tion Canal with the New River at the town of Northampton, as alfo with the Leicefterfhire and Northamp. tonfhire Union Canal, are proceeding with great fpirit. ‘This new junction is expected to prove of great importance to Northampton fhire, Leicefterfhire, and all the adjoining counties, as well as to the Company, who now, under new and happier aufpices, feem to be rapidly retrieving their affairs, At the late anniverfary meeting of the governors and fubfcribers to the General In- firmary at Northampton, for the relief of the fick and lame poor of all counties, the report of the prefent fkate of the patients admitted and difcharged, and of the monies received and paid within the Jaft year was read and laid before them ; when they exprefled great fatisfaction in the management of that noble charity, : 1805.) ‘charity, by which 37,490 perfons have been ured and 5402 relieved fince the foundation ef the Old County Hofpital, in 1744. Application is intended to be made to parlia- ment for an a& to enable the bailiff, burgef- fes, &c. of Daventry to purchafe and rebuild the Moot-hall, and to make fuch regula= tions, ereétions and buildings as may be thought -neceflary for improving the market of that town, and for paving, repairing, cleanfing, lighting, and improving its ftreets. Married.| At Banbury, Mr. Mark Wheel- er, coal-merchant, to Mifs Eliza Roberts, fitter of Mr, R. wine-merchant.—Mr. John Bromley, plumber and glazier, to Mifs Ann Stacey, daughter of Mr. S. At Oundle, Mr. Oliver Cox, of Ringftead, to Mifs Catherine Webfter. At Wellingborough, Mr. James Sergeant, to Mifs Martha Sutton.—R. N. Stanton, M.D. to Mifs Wilfon, daughter of the late Andrew Wrefgq. At Ecton, Harry Brett, efg. of Wimpole- ftreet, to Mifs Whalley, only daughter of a late Rev. Palmer W, retor of that pa- rihh. The Rev. T. H. H. Needham, of Harpole, . to Mifs Jephcott, eldeft daughter of the Rev. John J. late rettor of Kiflingbury, Died.j| At Wakerley, Mr. John Limming, #hoe-maker, 75. At Long Buckley, Mr. John Perkins, 7. At Peterborough, Mifs Katherine Wilker- fon, youngeft daughter of the late Mr. W. At Northampton, Mrs. J. Broad, eleven years matron to the General Infirmary.—Mrs. Hankey, relict of J.C. Hankey, efq. formerly of Eaft Bergholt, Suffolk.—Suddenly, Mr, Kennedy Gaudern, ftone-mafon.—Mr. Wm, Pilmuir, carpenter and joiner.—F, Hayes, efq. mayor, 56. The mayor’s choice ball had juft begun at the George Inn, and the mayor, who was in apparently good health and high fpirits, going down a country dance, fuddenly dropped down, and inftantly expired, without either moving a limb or uttering a groan, : At Banbury, Mr. R. Wife, plumber and glazier—Mr. Jofeph Hobday, plumber and glazier. At Highgate-houfe, Mrs, Elizabeth Bof- worth, 79. At Caftle Athby, Mifs Ann Seagrave, fourth daughter of the Rev. Edward’. rec- tor of that place, 25. CAMBRIDGESHIRE. Applications are intended to be made to parliament for aéts for inclofing the fens and tommons called Sedge Fen, Sedge Fen Plains, Sedge Fen Pooles, the Middle Fen Parts and the Wathes, in the parith of Witchford and Tile of Ely. For the further improvement of Sutton and Mepfal level, and the lands adjoin- ing: and for inclofing the commons and waite Gfounds in the parith of Cherry Hinton, The Lord Chancellor has made the follow- Cambridgefhire—Nor folk. 285 ing order in the Downing college caufe, vie that buildings fhould be eref&ted for the ac- commodation of twenty independent meme bers, in addition to the members fpecified in the charter and ftatutes ; that 28col. fhould be fet apart annually as a fund for the builds ings, out of the rents and profits of the eftates 5 and that the falaries of the prefent members fhould be paid out of the refidues that the collegiate body fhould have leave to borrow 12,0001. for the acceleration of the buildings, and fhould have liberty to apply, when ne- ceflary, for further direCtions. Married.| AtCambridge, Mr. Robert Gee, attorney at law, to Mifs Mary Gee. Died.] At Pampisford, Mr. Richard Wallis Nafh, 62. - At Exning-hall, near Newmarket, Mn Charles Harwood, only fon of John H. efg. 22, At Drayton, Sarah Hawkes, wife of Luke H. 31. She had been tapped nine times du- ring the laft year of her life, and eighty-feven gallons of water drawn off. At March, Birs. Goodman, wife of Mr. Nathaniel G. At Waterbeach, Mrs. Hall, reli€t of Mr. W.#H. 35. At Wilbech, Mr. Jonathan Friend, black fmith. NORFOLK. From a statement published by the sub- scribers, to the Norwich Dispensary, it appears, that since the first establishment of that charity in March 1804, the re- ceipts have amounted to 47ol. 14s. 6d., and the disbursements to 445]. 7s. rod. leay— ing a balance of 351. 6s. 8d. in hand. The number of patients adinitted, up to the 1s of July, 1805 is 816: of these 4<7 have been discharged cured; 80 relieved; 25 not likely to receiye benefit; 25 to the Norfolk and Norwich Hospitals, to the workhouse and into the country; 54 for non-atiendance ; 1 forirregularity ; 5at theiz own request; 42 have died, and 127 re- main on the books. Of this number m6 were attended at their respective houses, At the last genera] meeting ef the sub= scribers, it was resolved that in future, each of them should have the power of recoim- mending three patients in the year for every . guinea subscribed. At the last meeting of the Norfolk Agri cultural Society, held at Swaffham, the thanks of the Society were voted to Mr. Repton, of Oxnead, for bis Letter upon the preservation of turnips, and the Letter was ordered to be printed, and a copy sent to every member, After transacting the general business, judges were appointd to decide the claims of candidates for the premiums, when the following were allow- ed. To Mr. Beck, of West Lexham, the two premiums for water meadows. To Mr. Salter, of Whinberg, the premium for Underdraining. To Mr. Johnson, of Kempston, the premium for the Leicester ram without competition. To Mr. Mose-~ Jey, of Totts, the premiums for the ‘bees ull, . for Shepherds were adjudged thus: six guineas to Mr. Styleman’s Shepherd; five uineas to Mr. Coke’s; two guineas to Mr. Bell’s; and three guineas to Mr. Sep- ping’s, of Creak. Mr. Salter’s Norfolk ram was deemed not meritorious, and Mr. Moseley’s stallion, having been used in Suffolk as well as Norfolk this season, could not receive the prize. Mr. Hardy’s Model of a Dray was exhibited and much approved. The thanks of the society were voted to him. Mr. Butler’s Model of an ingenious cibbler was shewn, and_a pre- mium was recommended to be given to him for it. Married.] At Ormefhy, Charles Symonds, efq. to Mifs Price, daughter of the Rev. Dr. FP. vicar of Runham. Di,d.| At Lyno, Mrs. Harwood, wife of Mr. H. attorney. At South Lynn, Mrs. Dixon, reli of Mr. Robert D. an eminent grazier. At Tatterford, Mrs. Norris, wife.of the Rev Robert N. 34. At Penfthorpe, near Fakenham, Mr. Ha- mond Gwyn, 62. At Yarmouth, Mrs. Hurry, widow of the late Mr. Joha H. grocer, 73.—Mrs. S. Fow- ler, a maiden lady, 73. On her pafizge from Bengal, Mrs. Bucha- nan, wife of the Rev. Dr. B. chaplain to the Prefidency, and vice-provoit of the college there, and daughter of the Rev. R. Whith, of Northwold, in this county. At Swaftham, Mrs, Brett, reli& of Mr. Jolin B. farmer, at Fordham, 79. At his feat at Hoveton St. John, John Blo- ' field, efq. a deputy-lieuenant, and more than forty-fix years an ating magiitrate for this county, 79. If ever there was a man to whofe memory a marked refpe& was due, to fuch refpeé& his memory is unqueftionably entitled. It is not to his profeffional abili- ties, though the privation of them is felt and regretted by all fuch as can properly eifti- mate their value, but it is to the virtues which diftinguished him, as a man and a Chriftian, that this tribute of regard is paid. ‘The afteétion wrth which he difcharged the feveral duties of domeftic life, the Teady bounty with which he aflifted neceffity, and the honeit warmth by which he thewed the fincerity of his friendfhip, were virtues which fo eminently adorned his character, that the remembrance of them will be a Jafting mo- mument of departed worth. At Norwich, Mr. Drake, mafter of the Great Hofpital, 61.—Avguftine Noverre, «fq. 77- He was a native of Swit- zerland, and was invited to this country by Garrick, whofe prote€tion and friendfhip he enjoyed during the life of that eminent man. He was confidered to be the moft finifhed and - gentlemanly minuet dancer of his time,’and in the exercife of his profeilion as a mafter, has ¢one more to adyance his art than any esther. He was eftcemed by “his pupils, Suffatk. bull, cow, boar, and sow. The premiums. [O&. 3, among whom were moft of the nobility of the kingdom, refpe&ted by his acquaintance, and beloved by his family and friends —Mrs, Elizabeth Mois, $2.—Mrs, Waites, wife of Mr. W. oatmeal-maker, 55.—Myrs. Page, widow of Mr. P. carpenter, 79. _ At Catfield, Mrs. Wells, wife of Mr. Ni-+ cholas W, 82, " At Litcham, Mr, Raven, furgeon. At Mattifhall, Mr. Wm. Edwards, fares mer, 74. i At Watton, Mr. Thomas Younge, 40. At Tefterton Houfe, Mrs. Cafe, mother of Philip Mallet C, efg. At Upwell, Mr. Wm. Wilton. i ‘At Parfton Hall, Mr. Thomas Gage, 80. At Wymondham, Mifs Wells, only daugh- ter of Mrs. W. of the King’s Head inn. At Ry‘ton Houfe, where the lived feventy- five years in the family of Edward Roger Pratt, efg. Mrs. Elizabeth Andrews, 93. SUFFOLK. Died.} At Loweftoft, Mrs. Ebbs, wife of Mr. T. Ebbs, baker, 21.—Mafter Whitaker, 13, from having eaten too great a quantity of goofeberries, many of which he had {wallow- - ed whole. 4t Mellor, in the prime of life, the Rev. J. Freeland, rector of Hachefton, a gentle- man defervedly refpe&ted as a divine, a huf- band, a parent, anda friend. At Marlesford, Mr. Francis Hale, fen. a re{pectable farmer. At Beccles, Mr. James Algar, farmer, late of the White Lion-inn, 59. At Neecham-market, Mrs, Hunt, widow. At Needham, Mr, Walp, late of Barking, farmer, 74. At Bury, Mrs. Read, widow of the late Mr. R. fithmonger.—Mrs. Davers, a maiden lady, fifter of Sir Charles D. bart. and aunt to the Earl of Briftol, 76.—Mrs. Willis, widow of Mr. Harrington W. 93. At Welton, Mr. Francis Platt, many years a baker at Norwich, 50. At Chadaere-hall, John Plampin, efq. 79. At Brandon, Mrs. Willett, wife of Mr, Field W. banker, and daughter of the late Francis Eagle, efg. of Wangtord. At Walpole, the Rev. Mr. Walker, dif- fenting minifter, 36. At Saxmundham, G. Baker, gent. uncle to the Rev, Charles Johnfoa, re€tor of Bil- defton, 65. _ At Langham-hall, Mr, Hall, gamekeeper, to George Gould, efq. 32. At Languard Fort, Captain Law, an old and diftinguifhed officer. He fervet under Generals Wolfe, Monkton, and Town- fhend, in America, and acted with reputation as affiftant engineer at Belleifle and Marti- nico. At the memorable affault at Quebec, he headed the gallant party of volunteers which attacked and repulfed Genesal Mont- gomery ; in Genera! Carleton’s difpatch, he ~ is particularly and honourably mentioned, His focial qualitics, gaiety, pleafantry, and enlivening i ‘ P 1805.) enlivening inoffenfive humour, endeared him to all thofe who had the happinefs of his ac- guaintance. His zeal and exertions in the } ha of his friends was Tingularly difinter- efted; His merit alone recommended him to Lord Cornwallis, who appointed him ftore- keeper at Languard Fort, inthe year 1795, where he lived univerfally beloved and ef- teemed, His remains. were interred with military honours, attended by the officers of the garrifon, who evinced their regard to his memory by paying this laft mark of refpec& ¢o an old and gallant foldier, whofe military talents snd fervices early diftinguifhed and yanked him in the firft line of his profefiion. ESSEX, Married.] Mr. John Digby, fon of Mr, D. miller, of Caftle Hedingham, to Mifs Eliza King, daughter of Mr. K. of Sible Hedingham. At Rochford, Mr. Henry Mattocks, coach- matter, to Mrs. Warner. At Chelmsford, Mr. Lay, of Hackney, jate commander of the Admiral Rainier Eaft Indiaman, to Mifs Pitt, of Chelmsford. Died.| Dr. Miller, of Wakering, near South End. He was returning from a vifit toa patient in the ifland of Foulnefs, when e was overtaken by the tide, and drowned. At Springfield-lane, near Chelmsford, Mr, Richard Dixon, currier and leather-cutter. . The Rev. William Stevenfon, reQor of Borley and Lagenhoe. At Great Coggefhall, Mr. William Dixon, many years an eminent furgeon of that place. « At Colchefter, Humphrey Carlton, efq. 80.—Mrs, Guinand —Mrs. Phillips, wife of ‘Wm. P. efq. one of the juftices of peace for the borough. At the White Hart, Clark. Ar Billericay, Mr. Jofeph Race, officer ef excife.—Mrs. Jenner, wife of the Rev. Dr. J. At Great Totham Hail, Mr. Poole. _ At Roxwell, Mrs, Jolling, wife of Mr, George J, miller. At Brentwood, Mr. Thomas Offen, fen, At Great Baddow, Mrs, Mayhew, widow of Mr. Wm. M. 78. At Great Waltham, Mr. Timothy Adams, Chadwell, Mrs, 7I- At Rochford, Mr. William Carter, bricke layer. ‘i KENT. _Married.} At Hythe, Mr. John Nearne, 88 of the Eaft Kenc regiment of militia, to ifs Clarke. : _ At Rochefter, the Rev. John Griffiths, matter of the King’s fchool there, to Mifs Sufannah Jones, eldeft daughter of the Rev. ames J. one of the mivor-canons of the ca- hedial. At Chifelhurft, the Rev. Weeden Buller, jun. of Chelfea, to Mifs Annabella Dundas Ofwald, of Little Ryder-ftreer, St. James's, London —Brigadier-Major Fesvand to Mifs, . Effen—Kent. 2387 Twifs, only daughter. of Brigadier-General T.of the royal engineers. At Eaft Farleigh, Mr. Treffe, of London, to Mifs Eliza Whittle, fecond daughter of the late Mr. Thomas W. of Eaft Farleigh parfonage. At Chatham, Mr. Thomas Carter, fen. upholfterer and audtioneer, of Maidttone, to Mrs. Prior.—Mr. John Olive, purier in his majefty’s navy, to Mifs Efther Wibley, of Brompton. — At Canterbury, Mr. James Warren, filver= {mith, to Mifs Elizabeth Homerfham. At Tunftall, Henry Dickinfon, efq. of the Ea India Buildings, London, to Mifs Bradley, daughter. of Andrew Hawes, By efq. of Gore Court, Sittingbourne. Died.| At Canterbury, Mrs. Blogg. While purchafing fome goods in a fhop, 4 blood- veffel fuddenly burf in her leg, and cccafion- ed her death within the {pace of five minutes, before any furgical affiftance could be pro= cured. Being far advanced in pregnancy, the Czfarean operation was performed, but with out effeét.—Mr. T. March, baker, whofe premature death was occafioned by a molt de= plorableaccident. Heciimbed, onecevening, upon a part of the ruinous wall of St. Au- guftine’s monaftery, to view an exhibition of fire-works in the inclofure, when a Joofe ftone giving way, he was precipitated upon the jagged end of a piece of timber, which entered the lower portion of the back, and penetrated upwards into his body more than fix inches. From this dreadful fituation, however, he alone extricated himfelf, at the fame time withdrawing bis clothes, which had been forced into the wound, and walked more than a quarter of a mile to his own houfe; but the molt fkiltul afiftance could not prevent a mortification.—William Le Hodges, fecond fon of Mr. John H, folici- tor, 12.—At the houfe of Mr. Fea, Mrs. Wilkes, who was for many years’a nurfein feveral refpeétable families in this county, 63.—Mrs. Body, 61,——Mirs. Parren, wite of Mr. P- tailor. At Rochefter, Mr. William Cooper, fur- geon.—Of acancer in his mouth, Mr, R. Pordige, coal-meter. At Hoath, Mrs, Vandepur, 67. At Goudhurft, Mr. Henry Maiawarngy late of Glaffenbury, in Cranbrook. At Ath, near Sandwich, Mr, Thompfon, 72. At Faverfham, Mrs. Chambers, wife of Mr. George C, 43. At Folkftone, Mifs Charlotte Gill, daugh- ter of Mr. JohnG. furgeon, At Deal, Mrs. M‘Lean, wife of Mr. Lach- lan MSL. accountant of the cheft at Green- wich. At Sandgate, Mrs, Fifher, of the Flower- de-luce public-houfe. At Ramfgate, Mr. G. Sayer, builder, 60. AtElbam, Mrs. Young, widow, 81. Samuel ess * At Dumpton, near Ramfgate, Mifs Hodg- man, 18. /At Wye, Mrs, Warner, of the Flying Horfe inn, 58. At Mottingham, Robert Dyneley, efq. SURRY. . Married} At Dorking, Hugh Boyd, efq. ef BallycaftHe, Ireland, to Mifs Lowry, @aughter of W. Lowry, efq. of Tichfield- fireet, London. At Camberwell, John Fellows, efg. of Eynsford, Kent, to Mifs Woodbridge. ' At Croydon, A. Markett, efg. lieutenant Inthe royal navy, to Mifs Manley. At Farnbam, J. Louis Couchet, efq. to Lady Fleming, widow of Sir R, Worlley, bart. Lady F. took her father's name in eonfequence of a grant from his Majeliy. Died.] At Weybridge, Sir Henry Tuite, bart. of Sonagh, near Mullingar, Ireland.— Sir Henry married Mifs Elizabeth Cobbe, grand-daughter to a former Archbifhop of Dublin, and niece to the late Marquis of Waterford. Her Ladythip is remarkable for being a moft excellent horfewomuan) and is in that refpe& fecond perheps to no female in this country. Her attention to this favourite amufement has not however led her to ne~ gleé&t female accomplifiments, for the is an amateur in painting, mufic, and all the polite arts. At Richmond, J. Thornton, efg. formerly of his Majetty’s navy. He refigned his com- miffion in confeauence of the effects of the yellow fever and a liver complaint contracted in the Weft Indies. He died broken-hearted from difappointed expectations, and reliance on the violated promifes of a pretended friend. At Burford Bridge, Mifs Margaret Fairfax, daughter of Rear Admiral Sir W. G. F, bart. 23. At Friern Court Farm, Peckham Rye, H. T. Jones, efg. of Gower-ftreet, Bedford- fquare. At Nonfuch Park, Mrs. Farmer, wife of Samuel F. efq , At Upper Tooting, Mrs. Brown, wife of Edward B. efg. jun. SUSSEX. A painting, which had been for some years at a broker’s shop in Lewes for sale, was lately purchased by Mr. Dunn; of the Star-inn, who paid a guinea for it, and caused it to be hung up to cever a blank space on one of his staircases. In this situation the picture was seen by a con- noisseur, who purchased it of the landlord for 15 guineas; and he is said to have siuce disposed of it for 706! This picture, which is accodnted one of the best produc- tions of the pencil of Rubens, .or of his equally eminent disciple, Vandyke, is the portrait.of a lady of a noble English family, and her two children, in the costume of the middle\ of the 17th century; and, al- ‘though it has of Jate years been through a variety of hands, and sold by some at so Surry—Suffex. , low a price as four or five shillings, it isin a good state of preservation. 2 . The annual Fair for the sale of Woot was lately held at Lewes, and was well attended by numbers of the most respect= able wool-staplers from London, and by the principal farmers of the eastern division of the county. At dinnez, Lord Sheffield, the worthy founder of this fair, presided, After the cloth was withdrawn, Lord Shef- field rose, aud stated that he had been at considerable pains, to collect most recent and authentic information on the present supply, demand, and prices ef wool in dif- ferent parts of the kingdom, and recom- . mended a deputation of twelve wool-grow- ers present to be named by the company; who should retire to inspect and consider the information above alluded to, and re-~ port their opinion of what ought in fair- ness to be the prices that day asked by the wool-growers for their wool. Soon after the deputation had retired, Lord Shef- field proceeded to make several communi- cations to the company respecting thé growth of fine wool in England; he ob- served, thdt it was now well known, that the fleeces of Spanish or Merino sheep were not debased in quality by the English cli- mate. as had been satisfactorily proved by Dr. Parry, and Mr. Tollett; that the im- portation of Spanish wool was become un- certain, and the price greatiy enhanced; that the quantity imported in 1800 was upwards of 8,030,000lb; in 1803 it had de clined to 4,7: 0,000lb. but had again risen in 1804 to upwards of 7,0¢0,000lb.; and in the course of the present year the im- portation had been considerably short of the last in the corresponding months, It might, therefore, his tordship observed, answer to the wool-growers to cross their South- Down ewes with Spanish rams, especially as the shaye of thase introduced by his Majesty from Spain, was so superior te the Merincs which had been brought by in- dividuals into this country about twenty years ago. That Mr, follett, who had sheep from his Majesty’s flock, had sold their wool at 6s. 4d per Ib. when brought to the state of imported Spanish wool, and that he had sold his. fleeces entire at 4s. 3d. per Ib. His Lordship added, that, in a po- fitical point of view, it was highly de- sirable to save the large sums which were paid to fureigners for wool; the value of Spanish wool, rated at the custom -house price of 3s. od. per lb. amounted to up~ wards of 620,cool. per ann. He concluded by: observing, that the increased price withii a few years had promoted. the im- provements of the quality of the English wool, and said, ** that nothing but a good price could make it worth the while of the grower to altend to the’ quality rather than to the quantity of the wool.” Lord , Sheffield read the report of the deputaiion, awhich stated the prices at 2s, 6d. io 29. yd. per lb. and remarked, that the greater part of these prices were below what South- down wool had sold for out of the county. The selling then commenced, and much business was done at 2s. 6d. to 2s. 8d, : The annual shew of cattle and jase or [O81 _ 1805.] for the prizes given by the Sussex Agri- cultural Society, took place at Lewes, on the 3zist of July. It was as usual, nume- rously attended, by distinguished breeders and amateurs. After the company, among whom was his Roval Highness the Prince of Wales, had sufficiently gratified their curiosity in the fields, they retired to the Star Inn, where about 200 sat down to dinner. The chair was filled by Lord Sheffield. After the usual toass, the chair- Man gave ‘the noblemen and gentlemen visitors,’ for which the Eari ci Bridge- water returned thanks. * Mr. Coke, and the county of Noriolx,’ having been crank, Mr. Coke rose and aiter thanking the Meeting, expressed his gratituce to many of the gentlemen present, asd all thove who had concurred in paving him, some years since, so high a compliment, by a valuable present which he had received from the South Down farmers; alluding, fo a small flock of sheep, which were col- lected from the principal breede:s, and fransmitted to him as a tribute of respect for his very liberal support of the intro- duction of the breed of South Down heep im the county oi: Norfolk. Tie eports of the Jucges were then read, and the prizes were pre ented tu the successful candida‘es: afier which, Mr. Ellman rose and ex;lained to the tneeting the great advantage which would arise tu the public, from atiention b.ing paid by all breeders to the pedigree of animals; this be thought athe best means that could be adopred to romote the general injicduction of thar ind of stock most calculated to produce the greatest possible quantity of food for human sustenance. He was followed by Sir J. Seabright, who supported very Strongly the proposition, and tock the op- portunity of praising Mr. Ellman’s breed of sheep, from which he said he had ob- tained ‘his ram to which the prize had deen adjudged, he being out. of an ewe, purchased by the Earl of Lridgewater, et Mr. Ellman, by a ram belonging to the Duke of Bedford. The pedigrees of the animals which hed gained piizes, were then called for and minuted upon the Judges’ reports. The names mentioned oy the breeders of the sires or dams of the prize animals, were the Earl of Egre- mont, Lord Gage, Mr. Elliman, Mess. Scrase, Mr. Als, and the late Mr. Alfrey for the cattle; the Duke of Bediord, tue Earl of Bridgewater, Lord Gage, Mr. Ellman, Messrs. Hampshar, Mr. Ell- man, (of Shoreham); Mess. Davies, and Mr. Saxby, fur the sheep. The boar was declared to be from a Suffolk sow. by,a Leicester buar. Some further con- versation concluded the business of the day; aud the thanks ot the meeting hav- ‘ing been given to the Judges, and the stewards, the company returned to the shew fields, to inspect those animals to which the prizes had been adjudged, which were retained tor wnat purpose. Mr, Les- ter, of Piccadilly, exhibited his new port: able hand threshing machine, which 1s so great an improvement on the one he ex~ MONTHLY Mac. No. 134s Hampfrire. 289 hibited here last year, that compared with it, one man will do as much work asa horse, which was verified by the follow- ing trial against time. One man working the machine threshed five sheaves of wheat, in five rninutes; the straw of which weigh- ed thirty-one pounds, yielding one gallon and three quarts of wheat. This machine which is the first that bas been made of the kind (and for which a patent has been enrotied) will co nearly double the above work when driven by a horse. The ma- chine was purchased by Mr. Stanford of Preston, on the Downs, near Brighton. Married.] At eafors, Lieutenant Wil- liam Fowler, of the rrch lighe dragoons, fon of William F. efq of Chichefter, to Mifs Alicia Juliana Byam, youngeft daughter of Williani Bxefq of the ifland of Antigua. At Haftings, Captain Edwards, of the royal navy,to Mifs Thomas, daughter of Rice T. ef, Died] At Falmer, Mrs. Hart, wife of Mr. H, At Brighton, Mrs. Francis, wife of Mr. F. of the King’s Arms. Off the ifland of Goree, of a fever peculiar to the climate, Mr. William Long, midfhip- mana of bis Mejefty’s thip Lark, fon of Mr. William Long, furgeon, of Hailhham, 19 He was a young manof great promife, much Jamented by his brother officers and fhip’s company, and very highly applauded in his profeffienal dury. HAMPSHIRE. Married.] At Portfmouth, Mr, Wood, to Milfs. S. Matthews, daughter of the late clerk of furvey of ordnance.—Mr. Webb, late mafter of his Majelty’s fhip Blanche, to Mifs Ranwell, of Portfea. . At Havant, Mr. Brown, to Mifs Hop- wood, At Newport, Ifle of Wight, Mr. Thomas Perren, grocer, to Milfs Ann Amelia Adams. Died] At Elfon, near Gofport, Captain Sir Frederic Thefiger, of the navy, agent for prifoners of war at Portfmouth. At Havant, Mrs. Elizabeth Ventham.—. Mrs, Fotter, wife of Mr. F. tanner. At Southampton, Mrs. Wallis, relict of Captain W..of the Rofe cutter, and mother- in-law to Captain Yeates, now commander of the fame veffel, 84.—Mr. Uther, 76. At Emf{worth, Mrs. Lotherington, wife of Captain L. of the Weft india trade, and daughter of the late Mr. Lear, of Portf- mouth. At Lumley Cabin, Mrs. D'Arcy, wife of George DA. efq. At Woodmancot, Mrs. Hooper, relict of Mr. H. 75. At Portimouth, Mifs Bayly, only daugh- ter of Mr. B. of the Royal Academy in the Dock-yard, 21, At Hurftborne Priorsy Mra, Purver, relict of Mr. P. 66, Qo wiLT- = 890. «—si«Wiltire “Ber Wfhire—Somerfitfpire. (O&. 1, WILTSHIRE, who had been keeper of the county gaol Married.] At Chippenham, Mr. Poole, to twenty years, during which time he wes a Mifs Woodman. faithful fervant of che public, and ever at- At Shorncot,, Mr. John Pollard, jun. of tentive ro the duties of his fituation. South Cerney, to Mrs. Alloway. At Welt Woodhay, near Newbury, Mr. At Devizes, Thomas Vylce, efq. fon of James Webb, of New Windfor. John T. efq. banker, to Mrs, Coham, At Wantage, Mrs, Butler, relic of the daughterof William Salmon, efq. Rev. Mr, B. At Wraxall, William Wroughton Sal- “At a EREyy Mrs, Pearfon, ‘mother of mon, elq. only fon of William "5. efq. of William P. efq. Devizes, to Mifs Clutterbuck, daughter of At Shinfie!ld, Mr. John Mearing, farmer, Daniel C. efg. of Bradford Lesgh. go. Till Within a fortnizht of his death he Died.| At Chute, Mr. Edward Hutchins, conftantly, attended Reading market, and 94; he was the father of twenty children, overluoked his farming bufinefs At Calne, Mr. Perkin, an eminent corn- At Sonning, Mrs. Bellafis, wife of George factor. ‘Bridges 8. efq. At Salifbury, Mr. Ifaac Horlock, 87.— At Wargrave, Mr. Samuel Sewell, far- At the hovfe of her fon, the Rev Canon geon, youngef fonof Mr S 203 a youth of Home, inthe Clole, the Right Honourable much promife from his natural abilities, Lady Mary Hume, reliét of the Right Rev.' fteady conduét, and diligent application to Dr. john Hume, Bith»p of Salilbury, who ftudy, in the profecution of which he re- diedin 1782, Her Ladyfhip was in her $2d_ fided fome time in London, whrre he was ate yea, and was the fixth and youngeft daug heer tacked with a pulmonary affection, which of George Henry, feventh Edrl of Bipeots, foon bafed the power of medicine. and aunt to the prefent Earl. At Ferris Farm, near Aldermafton, Mr. At Gaifdon, Mr. J. Obens, Richard Ferris, a member of -the Aldermaf- BERKSHIRE. ton volunteer cavalry. The following ict tar | hasbeen received bythe SOMERSETSHIRE. Editor of the Reading Mer curv, from Mr. T. A correfpondent of the Briftol Mercury H. Shrimpton, governor of the Houfe of Luduf- fuggefis to the opulent inhabitants of Chifton try at Faringdon, dated Auguil 30, 1805:— the elegance and utility of forming a public - «¢ In your paper a few weeks fince I obterved promenade, by making, by fubfcription, a that Bohea tea, and the leaves to be eaten, ode tb gravel walk, to commence papliiee was recommended aS a cure for the droply ; . Miles’s, and to be extended to the verge andas E hada pauper in the lioufe at that of pHa rocks; ana at the tame time hints to time who was given over by the vifiting fur- the citizens of Briftol, the great conveniency geony I ventured the experim-nt, and to my of extending the gravel walk on Brandon- aftenith nent found an almott inftant relief — hiil round the hill, to communicate with I repeated the dofe hut once, and the woman Berkeley fquare. He prefumes, that leave in the courfe of a week was able to go out might be obtained from the proprietors to t» haymaking, end will begin reaping forme make thefe walks, which would certainly on Monday next, if the weather continues unite the wile du/ci, and be a mo pleafant fine, The woman’s hante is Elizabeth Auf- and ornamental improvement to the environs tin, and her age. is 62 years.” The recipe of the city alluded to above is ss follows :—Infufe two At the beginning of September an apple- large teacupfulls of the tea in about a quart tree was to be feen in the garden of S. Roin- wof water let the decoction be drunk during ter, efq. clothicr, Shepton-Mallet, bearing the day, and the leaves eaten at fliort inter-_- ripe fruit, blofioms formed to new fruit, and vals. freth bloffoins, in the greateit ftace of per- P Applica tien is Intended to be made to Par- feétion. ; ’ liament for an Act for inciofing the commons Married | The Rev. John Rees, of Trow- and waite groundsin the parith of Warfield. bridge, to Milfs Wooldridge, of Cheliwell: Married. } At Greenham Chapel, Mr. J. John Hayne Bovet, efq. of Taunton, to C. ‘Fownlend, of Newbury, to Mifs Argill, of Mifs Gardiner, fecond daughter of the late . Bridgewater. _ Wm G.efq of King’s Brompton. | At’ Broughton, Mr - Herbert, jun. of The Rev. ‘Thomas Todd, vicar of Brormap- North Newron, to Mifs Petter, eldeft daugh- ton Regis, to Mifs Louifa Lucas, daughter of ter of Mr. B. of Bloxham, Stukely L. efq. of Barondown Houfe.—Mr. Died, At Readirty,! Sir Charles Marhh, Thomas Follett, chemift and druggift, of banker, late a colonel in the army. Hewas Bridgwater, to Mifs Callen, of ‘Jaunton. . : the furvivor of the officers who ferved in the At Bath, Mr. Charles H. Marfhal!, to Mifs Sych regiment, with Sir Eyre, Coote during Purdon, daughter of the late Che Hes! P. efg. his brilliant fuccef¥es tn Indian—At Mr. J. of Lifnabin, county “of Weftmeath, ‘Deland. - ‘Lamb’s,, in whofe, family. be “had lived 45 .—Mr, Langden, miniature- -painter, to Mifs years, Joh n Richardfon, 75. —-Mifs Benweil, Smith., fitter of Mr. B. auctionser—Mr. Knig ght, At Tetbury, Mr, Wood, furgeon, of Chél- tenham, ees i a a 1805.] * tenham, to Mifs Pike, daughter of Mr. Tho- mas P., | Died.] At Briftol, Mrs. Thomas. relict of Mr. James T. merchant —Mrs. Furfion, mo- ther of Mr. F. grocersx—Mr. Darby, -baker. -—Mrs, Jones, brufh-maker.—-Mr, Perry, 78. —Mrs: Court, wife of Mr. ©. fen —Mir. Peter Holisnd —Mr. Wm. Morle, attorney atlaw. , '- At Rath, Mr. Samuel Bryant, fenior bea- dle.—On his birth-day, Mr. George Harie- kee, gardener, 71-—Mr. Charles Davis, ten. “one of the commiftioners for lighting and watching thecity, 64.—Samuel Nibvbs, efg. Mrs. Merrick, 99. At Eait Hayes, Mrs. Payne, wife of Hugh P. efq. sf At Philip’s Norton, of a putrid fever, Mrs. Pryor, of the George inn, and o few days afterwards, her firft coufin, Mr. William Biggs, butcher. ' AtSouthill, Mrs. Strode, wife of Colonel S. of the Bath Forum Volunteers, and daugh- ter of the late Sir Henry Parker, bart. At Minehead, Mr. Francis Baitone, fen. He was for many years an eminent practi- tioner of the law, till age rendered it necef- favy to refign his bufinefs to his only fon, and atruly honeft man. 4 At Bridgewaier, Mr. John Reed, 33. DORSETSHIRE. Married.| At Symondibury, th: Rev, T. Fox, jun. of Codford St. Peter, Wilts, to Mifs Syndercombe, only daughter of the Rev. Dr. S. efg. At Poole, Jjofeph Pike, efa. of Bridport, to Mifs Mary Manning, late of &x-ter. Died.| At Dorchefter, Mrs Carter, of tie Antelope inn. é At Poole, Mr. Street, merchant. He wes feized with a violent fit of coughing, and ex- pired aloft immediately. At Holwel!, Mr. Wm. Cabell, while em- ployed in churning in his dairy. At Sherborne, Mifs Charlotte Millar, daughter of the late Mr Wm. M. DEVONSHIRE. Married.| At Exeter, Mr. Partridge, wool- len-manufacturer to Mifs Frances ¥. Tuman, fourth daughter of the late Mr. T. printer. — - Mr. George Wefllake, fon of Mr. Alderman W. to Milfs Cuming, daughter of ‘Xhomas C. efq—Mr Hake, mufic-mafter, to Mils Gordon, eldeft daughter of Captain G. - At Luppitt, near Honiton, Mr. H. Blake, to MifsS Domatt. At Plymouth, Captain Haviland, to Mifs Allport. At Alphington, near Exeter, Mr. George Pritchard, attorney of London, to Mifs Mary Berry, fecond daughter of the late Mr, B. tanner. At Honiton, Danicl Gould, gent, to Mifs _Domeit, o#sghter of Mr. Joho D. Colyton, Died.} At Drewfteignton, near Exeter, ‘Mrs. Elizabeth Bennet, widow of the Rey. John B. of Lrefillian-houfe, Cornwall. 3 Dorfet/ireDevonfhire— Cornwall, 291 _ At Plymouth Jonathan Baron, efq. 63. He was. formerly an eminent army accoutre- ment maker, but had retired from bulinefs for many years, on 2 fortune acquired by perfevering, honeft induftry and integrity in ali his dealings —Mrs. Hubbard, wife of Mr. ‘H. mercer and draper. At Exeter, Mr. Richard Coffin, formerly an engraver, but who had for many years retired from bufinefs. At Coombe Florey, the only daughter of Captain Bruton, of the North Devon militia. At Montego Bay, in the Weft Indiess of the. yellow fever, Mr. Henry Billard, of Exeter, an officer belonging to the Princefs Charlotte frigate. He had arrived there a fhort time, as prize-mafter, with a valuable prize, captured by the frigate off the Havan- nah, before he was feized with this dreadful rialady. He was a fine, fpirited, enterprizing, young man, of amiable manners, and is uni- verfally lamented. At Barnftaple, the Hon, Henry Turnour, a lieutenant in the royal navy, and fifth fon of the late Earl of Winterton. At Sidmouth, whither he had gone for the recovery of his health, James Currie, M.D. F.2.S. formerly of Liverpool, but late of Bath: For a particular account, fee page 240» of tois Number. CORNWALL. Application will be made to parliament, next feffion, for ana& authorizing the im- provement of the haven of Botreaux-caitle in this county. Two new and neatly finifhed-charches have been ereéted at Kea, and Perranzabulo, the former of which refleéts much credit on the jadgment and liberality of R, L. Gwatkin, ef. of Killiow, and the latter on the perfe- vering indufiry and beneficence of John Thomas, efq. of Chiverton. The altar-piece of the church at Kea is painted by Mrs. Gwatkin, the niece of the late Sir Jofhua Reynolds, and is completed in fuch a fiyle of excellence, as to delight the eye of the ex- perienced artift Married.j Mr. Simon Slade, of St. Mi- chael Carhays, to Mifs Parnell, of St. Ewe. Mr. jofeph Gennah, of Tregony, to Miis Trethewy, of Ruan-Lanyhorne. Mr. W. Hugo, of Veryan, to Mifs Swindle, of Palmouth. . Diec.] At St. Minver, Mifs- Mably, daughter of Mr. M. farmer. ; In the Weft Indies, Captain Wm. Stevens, of St. Ives. At Se. Auftell, Mr. Jonathan [fbell, 75. At Falmouth, lieutenant G. Fennel, late commander of the Nile lugger, a moft in~ def.tigable and zealous officer, very much refpeéted by every admiral and captain he ferved under, and beloved by all the fhips? companies, In private life no one ever poflef- fed more virtues; his lofs is fincerely regret ted by all his relations and friends, Qo2 NORTH 292 NORTH BUITAIN. Married] At Inverness, John Lachlan M’Gillivray, esq. of Duumaelass, to Miss Walcott, daugher of Captain W. fate of the 1th regiment of foot. At Hamilton, Captain John Smith, of the 14th regiment of foot, to Miss New- man, daughter of Richard N. Newman, esq of Thornbury Park Gloucestershire. At Leith, John Ainslie, esq. of the Hon. East India Company’s service, to Miss Geddes, da.ghter of Archibald G. esq. At Manse, of Kinellar,_ John Robert Smith, esq. of Coneraig, to Miss Margaret Anne Mivchell, youngest daughter of the Rev. Dr. Gavin Mitchell, minister of Ki- Mellar. | Died] At Edinburgh, Lieutenant John Haddaway, late of his Majesty’s ship Bel- Yerophon in the action of the ~ ile. At Leith, Andrew M’ierras, esq. late a merchant of that place, At Aberdeen, Captain Wm. Bvers, of the 103d regiment, and late adjutant of the Aberdeen volunteers, 72. At Perth, Peter Duit, esq. one of the magistrates ot that city. , At Glasgow, Miss Jane Reed, second daughter of the Rev. Wm. R. At Morningside, near Edinburgh, Mrs. Margaret Rollo, relict of Alex. isoustoun, ésg. banker. At Dunkeld, Ensign Walter Cargill, of the 6gth regiment. At Dumiries, Mr. John Gerdon, writer. At Errnboil, Major Mackay, universally lamented, belig a getitleman eminently useful in the country where he lived, 57. By his unb unded benevolence and sea- sonably charitabie exertions, the poor were fed, the needy relieved, the widow and tatherless supported, and comforied in their affiictions. in him shone the social and relative viriues, adorned with the pro- fession aud practice of pure and undefiled religion, At Gunnie, in the parish of Old Monk- land, Jane Mair, in the 106th year ot ber age. She kept her recollection and senses to the last, aud was maiutaincd by the in- custry of a dutiful son. At Dreghera Manse, to which he had he had retired from his ministerial labours at au advanced age, the Kev. Bernard Haldan. | He had been minister of the parish of Glenholm for upwards of fifiy-two years, during which time he discharged the duties of his pastural oMce with much zeal and fidelity. At Biegbie, East Lothian, Mrs. Marion Carbrae, spouse of Ancrew Pringle, esq. of Blegbie. At Gatehouse of Fleet, Captain John Davitis, of the 42d regiment. At Abernethy, the Rev. Colier Brown, minister of the Associate Congregation there, in, the 58th year of his age, and thir- ty-eighth of his-ministry, At Banff, John Lister, esq. late merchant at Berbice. At Inverean’d, James Farquharson, esq. North Britain. [O&. 1; At Barholm Housé, John M’Culbert;” esq. elder, of Barholm. At Castle Menzies, Archibald Butter, esq. of Pitlochry, Lieutenant Colonct Commandant of the Royal Athol Volun~ teers. At Kelso, Mrs, Helen Turnbull, widow of Captain John Stenhouse, in the service of tie states general, 93. TRELAND? i The corporation for preserving and im= proving the port of Dublin, have offere the following premiums for plans and esti- mates for building a bridge over the nver Liffey, to supply the place of Ormond bridge, lately carried away. For the plan most approved of, one hundred guineas, For the second, sixty guiness; and for the third, forty guineas. Each plan must be accompanied with such an estimate of the expence of executing the work ot the best materials, and in the most permanent manner, as the preposers will, if required, undertake and give security to execuie it at. From an Essay on Population recently publishec, by the Rev. Mr. Whitelaw, which the author affirms to be the result of an actual s-rvey, taken in 1798, with great cure and precision; and compre- hending the general return of the district committees in 1804, it appears, that ih 1798, the total population of the city of Dublin including the garrison was 132,370, and that in 1804, it amounted exclusive of the garrison to 167,899. At the former period the number of inhabited houses was 164c1, and at the latter 15645; conse- quently the return of 1°98, exceeds that of 1804 by 756 houses, From Mr. Whitelaw’s lisis it likewise appears that there is a majority of 20,249 females. Jarried.] At Loftus-hill, near Dublin, Sir E. B. Littlehales. Bert. to the Right Hon. Lady E, Fitzgerald, da: ghter of his Grace the late Duke of Leinster, At Dublin, Robert Denny, esq. son of the late Lieut. Col. of the 7th dragoon guards, to Miss Helena Lyster, third daughter of the late Anthony) L. Esq. of Grauge, county of Roscommon. At Casilecoote, the seat of the Earl of Belmont near Enniskillen, Charles Wat- son, Esq. eldest son of the Bishop ef Landaft and major in the thir. regiment of dragoons, to Miss Maria Lowry ¢ airy. Died.] At his house at Fortfield near Rathfurnham, the bon. Barry Lord Vis- count Avonmore, Baron Yelverton, Lord Chiet Baren of his Majesty's court of Ex- chequer, and Registrar s po a Bs ao $35 = rT) ~ f=} 4 a8 ew Es ~~ = 3 >as os SS x ze ers 3m ane ‘a zo sis roa ey 4 =< =‘ nme es ee ees ee | | tae Phy a fo Gi Shieh: : Bedford......c0csseeseees| 475484 | 22,638 18,193/0 3 93 | 28,454 Beaks... 1298.25 se dcare| | 090,860 49,646 39,726 | 0 4 11 67,589 Buckingham f...........-| 105,378 49,020 37,052 | 0 4 8 68,950 Cambridge ............2. 69 O10 28,333 20,342 | 0 5 of 442509 Chieiters. 1308 sek 5 Saal. v. 84,991 40,348 31,016 | 0 3. 5} 635393 Cornwall .. 0. 545..0cee0+8| |) 72,446 305993 25,504 | 0 4 64 52437 Cumberland... :.......0¢- 34,396 12,002 8,389 |o 2 8 22,668 ICE wile Reet oh cvicak. 779310 24,973 18,503 |.0 4 14 49,070 De Sod. Se s.ctp. Wateta sr 1795358 85,805 725352 |0 4. S82E] 121,646 pee oo. cots db Serded. 73,357 34,620 279415 |.0 4 23 52,295 Durham 2.655600 ecevnes.| ' 177,665 21,701 19:408 | 0 2 42 44,340 BGR. o0 cov eccscwas| | 216,688 | :103,255 88,093 | o 5 11] 136,459 Gloucefter ..........0..6] 144,565 69,114] 59,158 |0 3 5 925726 Hereford ....6. ...e0006-] 60,833 175937 11,674 ].0 § 82 42,335 Btegetord: Je esd.%. ch estate se 715291 36.634 315577 | 0 4, 22 353298 Huntingdon ,...2.......0. 30,952 13,339 9,126 |} 0 4 Of 205327 Kent. c..0055ee0teseeeses| 2555452 | © 113,061 87,137] 0 5 22} 118,238 Wancafter ....0.03....e000] 230,765 80,301 56,163:|.0 § 42] 113,991 eivefter 2.902.505 selene} | 107,568 339547 26,360|0 5 23 69,136 AMEDD 6 cored a) ainic «-| 145.848 472190 35,025 | 9 3.7 80,633 Middlefex....c..3..00000.] 490,144 2305912 189,376 | 0 3 Sz 31255152 Monmouth ......--.eeaes 25,048 9,989 7,468 |.o 7 114 17,119 Norfollke ...ssseseeeerece| 204,532 | —100;988 335739 | 0 5.2 124.765 Northampton ...........-| 120,592 49:623 38,899 |0 4 7 81,795 Northumberland..........] 66,106 21,263 15,057 |0 1 82 46,369 Nottingham...,.2......0. 63,209 |» 21,520 14,684] 9 3 10 342907 Oshird 3.5 2%'a's ma S er hes “Ss Hs 5 [2% “eleses| C2 [Ee ss] $8 Ss ee eis = 4 ac re-f-s pes |ssesieus ul SS fasfsl te Se ge 5a 8 3 oa Pa) aw BEeciseus| 26 sexogl 2s 2 | 12 ani 3 a7 gis $25 [8450/2 253| GS [Sssul Es Ec x % < ss b | gsaslanesi 2s lacss| ze Zz Te ts fs fi. ny ade ie £- We Atigteley: <3. cucueweteees 79785 1,082 2I9|/0 5 62 OG) 1665 ese sienrente s 365 Di TAR eh saey 387 161 25 BrecOmiine Ste oyu. ae otete ois Ai 12,200 4,666 2,852 }0 6 I} TO, 169 jeecevsoees 286 Fab OR bso cee ne 77 3,555 52 CHICA Ot on cain ae ae ohk 10,197 25434 1,207 }0 9 1 7,088 29 512 1,720 7 456 800 2 Carmarthen. .....---.---| 17,046 6,33 3,852 | 0 12 9 12,397 362 692.| 2,826 66] 1,373] 5,676 12 Carnarvon’. .....-se0sdes 9137 1,687 237}0 4 of 6,469 360 328 } 1,279 71 395 715 96 Denby pite this. oe siniqe eat 3) 24079 11,318 6,734 |} 9 5 72 18,285 1,194. 474. | 3,083 98 1,982 2,221 57 Pita eee os cbt ae 16,130 7958 4944] 0 § 42 12,522 261 653 | 1,572 25 781 3,307 62 Glatiorgaee en oct ose 27,780 9750 6,367 |0 7 3 20,398 1,569 1,168 2,000 ¥5t 1,352 | 12,178 53 Merionetiit= <2 \-= 5... sa 99449 25279 1,068 |o0 6 4 79776 \evcueveves 167 Tp Tscie ease ee 245 145 38 Montgomery ....------.. 22,988 93495 5864] 0 § 11g 17,680 2,600 5771 39233 183 1,227 1,139 35 Pembroke .. 2... .-0..- 18,213 | > 5794 4,179 | 0 11 82 13,975 302 741 | 2,851 71 743 1,628 60 Radnor oscar -2ea-s«..-2| > 10,98 49447 3144] 0 5 8F 8,352 404 462] 1,221 45 369 G05 es seeeee Average of Total of Wales ....-..-.-| 186,391 67,161 40,731 wee 141,281 7,086 6,433 | 24,208 722 9,987 | 30,130 502 78. Igd. Grand Total of England and Wales..scsecerere Engler anal 320539446 | 13026,445 | 190,072 | 336,199 | 83,468 | 305,899 | 704,350%| 21,589 Wales, ' * Of thef: ’ 4s. 54d. 34879 are Females. t $348,205 | 2,167,749 | 1,720,316 MEMOIRgs ata ( 322°) MEMOIRS OF EMINENT PERSONS. MEMOIRS of the CHARACTER and PRI- VATE LIFE of MR NECKER, written by his DAUGHTER, MADAME DE STAEL. { [Continued from p. 144, of Number 133-] MONG Statefimen, are to be reckon- ed Cicero, Chancellor de |’Ha'pital, and Chancellor Bacon, who in the midit of political agitations have never loft fight of the great interefts of the foul, and of their own thoughts; but my father fuf- fered his work to appear at a moment par- ticularly unfavourable to the opinions he maintained, and all Mr. Necker’s preci- fion in matters of calculation, was necef- fary torefcue him from the imputation of avilionary, in employing himfelt on fuch a fubject. “There is in all periods a virtue which is deemed fillinefs ; it is that which is truly a virtue, becaufe it can anfwer no purpole of {peculation. The fecond adminiftration of Mr. Necker, from the 25th of Augult, 1788, to the 14th of July, 1789, was preciflely the period when a party among the French ftaited into aclion. I repeat here, that I pledge myfelf, when I write the political Jife of my father, to prove merely from the hittory of the revolution, that this party was akways mittaken as to its true inter- efts, the bias of events, and the characters of men ; but it feems already acknowledg- ed by all who know the character and con- @ué& ot Mr. Necker, that he never har- boured a thought of promoting a revolu- tion in France. In theory it was his be- lief, that the beft focial order of a great ftate was a limited monarchy, refembling that of England: this opinion predomi- nates in all his writings; and whatever may be a reader's political creed, itcannot I think, be denied that a love of order and liberty fhines in them with the’ united force of wifdom and elevation of foul; but my father’s political opinions were, like himfelf, entirely controlled by mo- rals ;_ he had duties towarcs his king as a minifter ; he feared the confequences of any infurre€tional movement whatever, which might endanger te repofe and the lives of men; and if he was to be re- proached as a ftatefmia, in the vulgar fenfe of the word, it was‘‘in being as feru- pulous in his means asin tis ends, and in placing morality not only in the objeét de- fired, but alfo in the voad to its attain- ment. How could a man of fuch a cha- raGter, being the king’s minifter, fuffer himfelf to be the inftrunient of a revolution which was to fubvert the throne? With- out doubt he loved liberty ; where is the man of genius and character that does not! But duty always appeared to him more celeftial in its origin, than the nobleft of human fentiments ; and in the order of duties, the moft imperious are thof, which conneé&t us individually ; for the more extenfive the relation, the lefs precife is the obligation. In accepting the helm of affairs, Mr. Necker told the king, that if the govern- ment fhould ever tall into circumftances that might feem to require the fevere and violent will of a Richelieu, he was not the man to fuit him as a minifter; but ~that if reafon and morals were enough, he might yet render him good fervice. In faét, when refle&ting and enlightened men fhall ftudy the hiftory of the French revo- lution, at a time, when all thofe who have had a part in it thall no longer exift, Iam convinced that the political conduét and writings of Mr. Necker will revive a quef- tion, old it is true, but always worthy the attention of mankind :—Whether vir- tue is compatible with politics; whether it can ever be of advantage to nations that the fmall number who govern them fhould fometimes depart from the ftriét line of moral reStitude? The anfwer to this queftion is the verdiét on the life of Mr, Necker; but fuppofing he be on this point condemned as a public man, furely that condemnation is glorious which only reaches to his excefs of virtue; itis yet a fuit which it would be honourable to lofe, and on which an appeal might fuc- cefsfully be made to the experience of ages, to that experience which alone is equally commanding with that fentiment on which it is to pafs judgment, the confcience of an honeft man. Mr. Necker has continually repeated in his writings, that the convocation of the States General was folemnly promifed by the King, previous to his going into office ; that the doubling of the numbers of the Tiers Etat was fo far urged by the opinion of the times, that the King muft have fhewn himfIJf ufelefsly unjuit and dangeroufly unpopular, had he refufed it. Yet, what was my father’s aim, in fo earneftly repreffing fome of the claims he might have to the enthufiafm and the gratitude of a great portion of the French Nation > Was it to atchieve the favour of the party named Ariftocratic? He had not fought that favour when that party ‘ was 1805.] “was powerful; no doubt he difclaimed it ftill more in his profcription and in his “misfortune, but ftill he had never written any of thofe irrevocable maxims on _politi- cal points which alone conciliate outrage- ous parties ; he has always held thofe mo- derate ideas which fo much irvitate that _clafs of men whofe violent opinions are their arms and their ftandard. Why then, I have often faid to him, do you feek to diminifh your merit in the eyes of the popular party; you, who have no pretenfions to gain over their opponents ? I with, would he anfwer me in this cafe, to expre(s the truth, without ever conli- ‘dering its relation to my perfonal intereft ; and if I have any defire relating only to myfeif it is, that it may be generally known, that I will never fuffer myfelf, be my individual opinions what they may, to take any ftep as a minifter, contrary to the obligations which by my office [ have contracted with the King. And what More eminent proof could my father give of this refpe& for his duty to the King, than his conduct of the xrrth of July, 1789! It was known that in the Council Mr. Necker had oppofed the order that had been given, tocolleét German and French troops: at Verfailles and at Paris; it is known that he was difpofed towards area- fonable accommodation with the Com- mons, who, not having provoked any re- courfe to force, had not revealed the fecret of the infurreétionary difpofition of the troops, and had not annihilated the royal authority in teaching the people that the army was no longer in its hards; but a patty which confidence conftantly ruined, and who always afcribed to certain men dificulty which confifed in the general ftate of things; this party, I fay, perfuad- ed the King, that it was fufficient to change the miniftry in order to fmooth all thefe difficulties ; and this inconfiderate meafure, this vehement aét, without any real force, without refolution of charaéter to fuftain it, led the way to the 14th of July, and from the 14th of July to the overthrow of the royal authority. _On the rth of July, juft as my father was going to fit down at table with rather a large company, the Minifter of Marine came to his houfe, took him apart, and gave him a letter from the King, which ordered him to give in his refignation, and to! quit France without noife (fans bruit), Every thing was conveyed in thefe words, Jans bruit; in fa& the public mind was then fo agitated, that if my father had fuffered it te be difcovered, that he was Memirs of Mr. Necker, by bis Daughter. 333 exiled for the caufe of the people, there is no doubt that at that moment the nation would have elevated him to a very eminent degree of power. If hehad nourifhed in his foul a {park of faétion, if he had fuf- fered the natural fentiments of fuch a mos ment to betray him, his departure would have been impeded, he would have been brought in triumph to Paris, and all that the ambition of man could defire would have been at his command. The firt cockade which was worn at Paris, after his departure, was green, becaufe it was the colour of his livery: two hundred thou- fand armed men repeated the name of Mr. Necker in all the ftreets of Paris, whilft he himfelf was flying from the popular en- thufiafm. more carefuily than a criminal would avoid the {caffold. Neither his bro- ther, my lf, nor his moft intimate friends, were informed of his refolution. My mother, whofe health was very weak, took no woman with her, no travelling habit, for fear of throwing out a fufpicion of her departure. They both afcended the carriage, in which they had been ac- cuftomed to take an airing of an evening, they travelled night and day as far as Bruffels, and when I joined them three days afterwards, they {till wore the fame dre(s, in which after dining with a nume- rous party, and when no perfon fufpected their motions, they had filently withdrawn from France, from their home, from their friends, and from power. ‘This drefs.all covered with duft, the aflumed name which my father had ‘taken that he might not be renognized in France, and confequently retained by that affection which he had every where excited, all thefe circum{tances imprefled me with a fentiment of refpeét which impelled me to proftrate my {elf before him on entering the inn where we, met. Ah! that fent’= ment! Ihave never ceafed to experience it in the mo trifling circumftances of his domeftic iife, as well as in the greatet epoch of his public career. Juftice, trath, el=vation, fimplicity of fentiment, in the minutie of his private life, pre- fented the emblem of his entire charac- ter. J It has been vulgarly faid that there are no heroes to thofe who fee them familiar- ly : it is becaule the greater part of men who have fuftained a great political part, — have not poffeffed the virtues of the indi- vidual; but when you-find the man of fimplicity in the man of eminence, the juft man in the powerful man, the good man inthe man of genius, the man of fens fibility in the illuftrious man, the nearer you S34 you feehim, the more you admire him, the more plainly you difcover the image of that Providence who prefides in the ftarry heavens, yet difdains not to adorn the lily, or watch over the life of a fpar- row. My father has often been praifed in the writings of his wife and daughter, altho’ it had been eafy for us to underftand and to attain to that modefty in common, which is impofed on families: but we faw into his heart, and difcovered in it virtues fo conftant and fo natural, virtues fo ftri&. ly in harmony with his public fpeeches and conduét, that our hearts felt a necef- fity of expreffing that fort of domeftic worfhip which was the bubnefs of our life. Oppreffed by gratitude and love, we brav- ed that vain (pirit of ridicule which might be direéted againft the truth of our fenti- ments. In quitting Veriailles, Mr. Necker had not even taken a paffport, to avoid admit- ting any individual into his confidence ; he f{crupuloufly reje&ted every pretext, and every motive that might retard his jour- ney. Whenarrived at Valenciennes, the governor of that city would not let him pafs through without a paffport ;_ my fa- ther thewed him the King’s letter, the go- vernor read it, and at the fame time recog- nized my father, from the print of him he had over his chimney; he Jet him pals, fighing over the irreparable misfortunes, which were to refult from his depar- ture. Tt had been propofed to the King to ar- reft my father, becaufe nobody could be- lieve that he would take fuch direct pre- eautions againft that entliufiafm which he had excited; but the King, who has never failed to do juftice to the perfect probity of Mr. Necker, exprefled his affurance that he would fecretly: depart if he ordered him. It is clear the King was not deceived. Tn the morning of the 12th of July, I received a letter from my father, which announced his departure, and defired me to go into the country, left I fhould re- ceive on his account fome expreifions of public homage at Paris. In fact, depu- tations from all quarters of the city came the next morning to my hovfe, and held the mott exalted language on my father’s flight, and on what was neceflary to be done tocompel his return. I hardly know what line of conduct my age and my en- thufialm might have prompted me at that time to puriue, but .I obeyed the will of my father, I immediately retired to fome leagues diftance from Paris. A freth Memoirs of Mr. Necker, by bis Daughter. [Nov. 1, courier from him inftru&ted me in his route, of which he had ftill made a myftery to me in his firft letter, and on the 13th ef July I fet out to join him. My father had chofen Bruffels as a lefs diftant frontier than that of Switzerland, an additional precaution, that he might not augment the chance of being recog- nized. During the four and twenty hours that we pafled together, to make prepara- tion for the long journey he had yet to make through Germany to return to Swit- zerland, he recolleéted that a few days previous to his exile, Mefirs. Hope, ban- kers, of Amfterdam, had required him te guarantee from his private fortune, from his two millions depofited in the royal treafucy, a fupply of grain which was in. difpenfable for the confumption of Paris in this year of fcarcity. The troubles of France excited great anxiety among fo. reigners, and the perfonal fecurity of Mr. Necker affording them the moft perfe& confidence, he did not hefitate to give it: on arriving at Broffels, he was fearful the news of his banifhment might alarm Meffis. Hope, and that they would fuf pend their fupply. He wrote to them from that place, to renew his guaranty. | Exiled, profcribed as he was, he expofed the greater part of what fill remained to him, to preferve the inhabitants of Paris from the evil which. the embarraffment and inexperience of a new minifter might occafion them. Oh! Frenchmen! Oh! France! it is thus that my father has ferved you! During the firft labours of the epheme- ral fucceffion of Mr. Necker at that time, the principal fecretary of finance, Mr. Dufréne de Saint Léon, was called on to prefent in the minifterial correfpondence the anfwer of Meffrs. Hope, which ac- cepted of the firl fecurity my father had offered them. I do not know what the fucs ceflor thought of this mode of ferving the King without emolument, and of rifking too his perfonal fortune for the good of the ftate ; but can there be an initance of more noblenefs, of more grandeur, of more antique patriotifm, than even during. exile to confirm {uch a facrifice, to be fo far exempt from fentiments the moft na- tural to man, the defire that their fuc- ceffor fhould caufe them to be regretted; and that their ablence thould be grievoufly felt. My father fet cut, accompanied only by Mr. de Stael, to go to Bafle, through Germany: my mother and I followed ra. ther more flowly, and at Frankfort we were overtaken by the mefflenger. who brought 1805.) brought letters from the King and the National Affembly. Thefe letters called Mr. Necker to the mini(try for the third time. We feemed then to have reached the fummit of profperity: it was at Francfort that I learnt this news, at that fame Francfort where a very different def- tiny awaited me fourteen years after- wards, My mother, far from being dazzled with this fuccefs, had no defire that my father fhould accept his recall: we joined him at Bafle, and there he made his deter- mination. He fuffered me to hear him fpeak relative to the motives of his deci- fion; and I proteft it was with a fentiment of profound grief that he refolved to re- turn. He had learnt the event of the 14th of July, and felt perfeétly aware, that his part was about to change, and that it was the royal authority and its partizans that he would then have to defend. He forefaw that in lofing his popularity in or- der to fupport the government, he fhould never poffefs a fufficient power over its chief, furrounded as he then was, to direét him entirely in what he deemed mott ex- pedient. Atlength, futurity, fuch as it was, prefented itfelf to him. One duty, one hope combatted all his fears : he be- lieved that his popularity might yet ferve for fome time to preferve the partizans of the old regime from the perfonal dangers that threatened them ; and he even flatter- ed himfelf for an inftant with the hope of bringing the Conftituent Afflembly to make fuch conditions with the King as might give to France a limited monarchy. This hope however was far from being firm. He told himfelf, and he told us all the chance that could annihilate it. But he dreaded his own reproaches, if by refuf- ing his endeavours to ftem the evil, he might have to accufe himfelf of all thofe calamities which he had not tried to pre- vent. This fear of remorfe was all-power- ful in the life of my father: he was in. clined to condemn himfelf whenever fuc- cefs did not attend his endeavours, he was continually paffing a new judgment on his aétions.* It has been thought he * Among the papers of my father’s eldeft brother who did not furvive him long, a let- ter has been found explaining fo fimply and fo naturally what my father then experienced, what he confided to his mott intimate friend at the moft remarkable period of his life, that T have thought it interefting to publith it. Baflé, 24th July, 1785. Idont know, my dear friend, where you are, having no intelligence from Paris of a fate date, I arrived here Jaf Monday, the Memirs of Pr. Necker, by his Daughter. 335 was proud, becaufe he never bent either beneath injuftice or power; but he was humbled by inward regret, by the moft de» licate temper of mind, ard bis enemies may learn with certainty that tiaucee had the mournful fuccefs of bitterly dif- turbing his repofe, whenever they have charged him with having been the caufe of a misfortune, or with having been in- capable of preventing it. It is eafy to conceive that with fo much imagination and fenfibility, when the hiftory of our life is found to be mingled with the moft terrible political events, neither confcience nor reafon, nor even the efteem of the world, can entirely fatisfy the man of genius, who, in {eli-~ tude, anxioufly direéts his thoughts towards the paft. I would advife the envious to direct their fpleen againft for- tune, beauty, youth, all thofe gifts which ferve to embellifh the exterior of life; but the eminent diftin¢tions of the mind produce fuch ravages in the bofom that invites them, the human defliny can fo rarely harmonize with this fuperiovity, that it is a very unfit object of ha- tred. a de Bh ie le I ae FE 2oth of this month, and every day I have had fome idea of feeing you arrive, becaufe you would have taken this route on finding that I was going to Switzerland from Bruffels through Germany. I went before Madee moifelle Necker, with M. de Stael for acom- panion ; and we have paffed through Ger- many without accident under borrowed names. Yefterday Mademoifelle Netker and my daughter arrived, who have fupported the fatigue of the journey better than] could have hoped. Mr. de St. Leon preceded them by fome hours ; he had fought me at Bruffels and had followed my route; he has brought me a letter from the King and States-Gence ral, preffingty inviting me to return to Ver- failles and refume my place. Thefe circum- ftances have made me unhappy ; I was juft entering port and I was pleafed at it; but this port would have been neither tranquil nor ferene, if I could have reproached myfelf with having wanted courage, and if I left it to fay that fuch and fucha misfortune might have been prevented by me. I return then to France, but asa viétim to the efteem with which I am honoured, Mademoifelle Necker partakes this fentiment yet more ftrongly, and our change of plans is an aét of refignation on the part of both, Ah, Coppet, Coppet, I fhall perhaps foon have juft motives to regret it! but we muftfubmit to the laws of necef- fity, to the fetters of an incomprehenfible deftiny. In France all is in motion; a fcene of diforder and fedition is juft opening at Strafburg. It appears as if I-were juft about to plunge into the gulf, Adicu, my dear frignd L Yet, $36 Yet, what a moment of happinefs was this journey from Bafle to Paris, journey- img as we did, when my father had deter- mined to return. I believe nothing fimilar to it has ever befallen a man who was not the fovereigzn of the country! The French nation, fo animated in the expref- fion of its fentiments, furrendered itfelf for the firft time to a bope it had never be- fore experienced, a hope which it had not yet been taught to limit. To the enlight- ened clafs, liberty was known only by the noble fentiments it excited, and to the people, only by notions analogous to their troubles and their wants. Mr. Necker then feemed the harbinger of this long-ex- pected blefling. He was hailed at every ftep by the warmeft acclamations, the women fell on their knees at adiltance in the fields when his carriage pafled; the principal citizens of the different places we patt through, took the places of poftil- lions, to drive our horfes, and in the cities the inhabitants unharnefled them and drew the carriage themfelves. One of the gene- rals of the French army, called the braveft of the brave,* was hurt by the crowd in one of thefe triumphal entries; in fast, no man whe has not filled the throne has ever experienced in an equal degree the affection of the people. Alas! it was I who enjoyed it for him, it was me whom it intoxicated ; nor ought I to remember thefe days without gratitude, whatever may be now the afflictions of my life; but. my father’s fole occupation from that moment, was to afluage the con- fequences of a triumph fo formidable to all thofe who were of the vanquifhed party. rh My father’s firt ftep on arriving at Bafle, was to feek our Madame de Polig- nac, who had always fhewn herfelf his de- termined opponent, but who interefted him at this moment, for fhe was profcrib- ed. He never ceafed during his journey to render fervices to perfons of ariltocratic opinions, who were flying in great num- bers from Paris: many requeited letters from his hand to enable them to pafs the frontiers without danger. He gave them to all who were expofed to danger, although in doing fo he was aware how far he com- mitted himfelf. For it mut be obferved, in order fully to eftintate his conduét in this refpect, that my father both by na- ture'and by his habits of mind _ pofleffed an unufual prudence, and did {carcely any thing at the impvlfe of the moment. It was a quality of bis mind unfavourable to, @ Genezal Junod. Memoirs of Mr. Necker, by his Daughter} [Nov. 1, aétion, that it was too perceptible of un- certainty ; he calculated every chance, and never in the giddinefs of fpeculation overlooked the poffibility of an obftacle but whenever the idea of a duty prefented itfelf, all the mathematical powers of his reafon ftooped to this fupreme law ; and whatever might be the confequences of a refolution that virtue digtated, it was the only cafe in which he decided without hefi- tation. 4 In almoft every place where my father ftopped during his journey, he fpoke to the people who furrounded him, on the necef- fity of refpeéting property and perfons, He required of thofe who manifefted moft affection for him, to prove it by fulfilling their duties: he accepted of his triumph from a religious devotion to virtue, to hu- manity, to the public"good; what is the nature of men, if thefe are not the means of acquiring their eiteem and refpect?” what is life, if fuch a condué&t does not fecure the divine bleffing ? Ten leagues from Paris, people came to‘ tell us that the Baron de Befenval, one of the men moft within the danger of the po-' puler fury, was brought back a prifoner to Paris, which would infallibly expofe him to be affaffinated in the ftreets. Our carriage was ftopt in the road, and my fa- ther requefted to write to the perfons, by whofe authority the Baron de Befenval’ was conduégted to Paris, that he would take upon him to warrant the fufpenfion of? the orders they had received from the Commune of Paris, and to indemnify: them in keeping the Baron de Befenval where he was. Such a requifition was hazarding much, and my father was not ignorant how foon the favour . which {prings from popularity is deftroyed; it is a fort of power that muft be enjoyed without. being ufed. He wrote it never-' thelefs upon his knees in his carriage ; the leaft delay might coft the Baron de Befen- val his life, and my father would never have forgiven himfelf for not having pre- vented the death of a man, when he had it in his power. I do not know what may be’ {aid politically of this profound refpeét for men’slives; but I fhould think the humana: race can have no intereft in ftigmatizing it. When arrived at Verfailles, it was ne- ceflary my father fhould go to the Com- mune of Paris, to account for his condué& in the affair of Mr. de Befenval ; he went there, and my mother and myfelt follow- ed him. All the inhabitants of Paris were in the itreets, at the windows, or on the voets ; all cried out, Vive M, Necker! 4 My ee My father went to the Hotel de Ville, in the midft of thefe acclamations he deliver- _ ed a fpeech, the only object of which was, - to requeft favour towards M. de Befenval, and that the amnefty might be extended to all perfons of his opinions. This {peech drew over the numerous auditors who lil- tened to it; a fentiment of pure enthufiafm for virtue and goodnelfs, a fentiment ex- cited by no intereft, by no political opi- nion, feized on nearly two hundred thon- fand French-men, who had aflembled in and about the Hotel de Ville. Ah! who would not then have paffionately loved the French nation! Never did it prove fo great.as on that day, when its fole inten- tion was to be generous, never more aimi- able than on that day, when its. natural impetuolity {prung freely towards a vir- tuous end. Fiftgen years have elapfed fince that day, and nothing has enfeebled its impreffion, the firongeit I have ever experienced. My father alfo, in the va- Tious events which have happened fince, has continually felt at the name of France that indefinable emotion, which can only be explained to Frenchmen; not, in- deed, that many of the events of the revo- lution have tended to preferve {uch a con- ftant efteem towards this great nation ; but it is fo favoured by Heaven, that it is natural to expect it will one day merit the bleffings it has received. Very few women exit who have had the happinefs to hear awhole people repeat the name of the object of their tendereit affection, but they will not contradict me when Taffert, that nothing can equal the emotion which the acclamations of the multitude then excited. All thofe Jooks, which feem for the moment animated with the fame fentiment as your own, thofe nu- merous voices which vibrate jn your heart, that name which alcends to the fkies, and fcems to return to Heaven, a‘ter having palt the homage of the earth ; that ele&tricity altogether inconceivable, which men communicate to each other, when they feel together the fentiments of troth ; all thofe myfteries of nature and fociety, added to that greatelt of myfteries the fen- fation of love, crowd on the foul, and it finks under the ftrength of its emotions. My father was atthe fummit of his glory ; a glory which he made fubfervient to the dee he molt cherifhed, to humanity, to indulgence ; bat from that day, ever me- morable to his friends and to the nation itfelf, commenced the reverfal of his def- tiny. Almoft all great men have an epocha of profperity in their hiftory, which teems to _Monruary Mae, No. 135 Memoirs of Mr. Necker, by his Daughter. 337 have wearied fortune; but might not one who had never harboured in his heart one project of perfonal benefit, one felfith de- fire, have hoped for a more’ conftant profperity ? He did not obtain it; Pro- vidence did not guide the French- revolu- tion in the path of juflice; my father, in following it, was of neceflity foiled. The very night of his triumph at the Hotel de Ville, at the inftigation of M. de Mira- beau, the amnefty pronounced in the morn- ing was repealed in the f{eétions, and of that great day all that 1emained to my father, was the pleafure of having faved the life of the old Baron de Belenval. Still that was niuch: alas! we are {o lit- tle acquainted with the anguifh of a cruel death, that to have averted it from a fingle man was enough to preferve for ever in his mind the inexhauftible folace of an ho- nourable recolleGtion. And will it not always be read in hiftory with pleafure, that there exited a great ftatefman, who thought morality, fenfibility, and good-- neis, peifectly compatible with the ta- lents neceffary for the government of an empire ; wi!l it not be more pleafing to re- flect that this man was acceffible to gene- rofity, and to pity, and thofe who fuffered mifery of whatever defcr:ption in the vaft country of France, could tay—if he knows it, and can relieve us, we fhall be re- lieved ! A year of {carcity, fuch has had not oc- curred for near a century, combined in. 1789 and 1790 with the political troubles, and Mr. Necker by muluplied cares, filent but inceflant, by thofe cares which produce no brilliant glory, but which are incited by a fent.mcnt of duty, faved Paris and many other cities of France from famine : he precured fupplics of grain from all parts of the world, employed bimfelt uight and day on the !ubjcét, and often regretied the impcflibility of beftowing on polities all the time they required ; but fo great was his terror left Paris thoyld be in want of bread, io the midft of a fa&tion impatient for hoitility, that it cecafioned him a long and dangerous bilious compiaint, the fource of thofe which uliimately abridged his . days; for his affections mingled with his politics, and while he governed men, he loved them. I have read among his papers the letters of the Commune of Paris and of the fur- rounding Communes, thanking him for his fuccefsful endeavours to pielerve them from famine. How many addreffes of this kind, on various occafions, have I found, fent from all quarters of France! How agoniling to contemplate them, in fpite of Uu the $38 the luftre they thed on a memory I fo much cherith ! During the laft fifteen months of his laft adminiftration, Mr. Necker fuftained a continual firuggle with the executive power, as well out of the Conftituent Af- fembly asin the midit of it: and his fitua- tion became every day fo much the more difadvantageous, as the violent men who furrounded the court, had excited fufpi- cions there of his intentions ; and as he had loft the guidance of thofe whem he had en- gaged to defend. Much may be faid about firmnefs of character, and with rea- fon it may be confidered as an important quality in thofe who govern: but in the firft place I think it eafy to prove that in 1789 and 1790 fuch was the fermentation of men’s minds, that no moral power could have allayed it, and fecondly, it is impoffible to poflefs a confiltent charaéter for another. A man may lend his mind, he may lend his refources, but there is fomething fo individual in character, that r Extraéts from the Port-folia of a Man of Letters. [Nov. 1, it can only ferve for himfelf. The per- fonal action of the King is not neceffary in the conftitution of England, but in the other monarchies of Europe, above all in the mid(t of a great political crifis, a mi- nifter never can fupply the energy of a King : and the fpeeches he compofes for him, often ferve only to expole the con- traft that exilts between what it is intended he fhould appear, and what he really is. T muft alfo allow that my father, frugal by principle of all meafures of violence and force, repugnant by difpofition to all the refources of corruption, had no other arms again(ft the factious than reafon ; but if he had reforted to other maxims, {till I firmly believe that, in the exifting circum- flances, the King only could have defended the King, and that the words of a minifter who was known to be without influence at court, could not have the power of a fingle word pronounced on the throne, (To be continued.) Extras from the Port-folio of a Man of Letters. CONCERNING A MAXIM OF SWIFT. THERE are feveral apothegms which from being neatly exprefled are eafily reniembered, from being eafily remem- bered are frequently repeated, and from being frequently repeated are extenlively believed, independently of their confo- nance with fast. Of this kind is Swift’s fomewhat mifanthropic remark, ‘¢ Men are grateful in the fame degree as they are refentful.”’ In confequence of a perfonal occu:rence, I have been for twenty years in the habit of trying this maxim upon the individuals within my range of obler- vation; but I have hardly ever found it to fit: Iam come to think that refent- ment is rather proportioned to. the irrita- bility, but gratitude to the tenacity of the memory ; that thofe who acquire quickly are ufvally refentful, and thofe who retain diftingtly are ufually grateful. LI invite a comiparifon of this very different pofi- tion with experience. Refentment is a more fudden and violent emotion; grati- tade a more permanent and gentle im- preffion. Courageous, felfith, and rude natures are more prone to refentment ; cautious, benevolent, and refined natures are more prone to gratitude; men are the more referitful, women the more grateful creatures. To refentment the antithetic emotion is*fondnefs, which has alfo its ¢x- cefles and its tranfiency: to gratitude the antithetic emotion is envy, which has alfo its meafurednefs and its perfeverance, ON THE EPIGRAM. Sulzer compares an epigram with a mo- nument and its infcription. The firtt half, he fays, fhould indicate fome inte- refting object; and the fecond half make an impreffive reflection upon it. This diftich forms a complete epigram in his idea :— “€ Infelix Dido! ‘nulli bene nupta marito: Hoc pereunte, fugis; hoc fugiente, peris,”’ Poor Dido! ‘till in either hufband croft ; Whofe death thy flight, or flight thy death has coft, It firft announces the celebrated Dido as an example of matrimonial misfortune, and then defines with pointed precifion in what the misfortune confifted ; the incipi- ent verfe is as it were the ftatue, and the concluding verfe a characteriftic motto, The following epigram wants the firft half; it is neceilary to give it a fupers {cription ; but it is neat. Ona woody Ifland. Hic Cytherea tuo poteras cum Marte jacere ; ir prohibetur aquis, Sol pellitur um- Tis, Here with her Mars may Venus fafely dwell ; Vulcan the waves, and Sol the fhades repel. ; ‘There 1805.] Extraéis from the Port-falio of a Man of Letters. There is a like deficiency in the follow- ing Greek epigram: it is here alfo necef- fary to prefix a title: — On the Statue of Niobe. "Ex Cong pee Sens tevkay ABov’ "ex de Asbos@- Zomy TpakireAng eumarw ‘eipyacaro Alive, the gods could into ftone transform 5 Of ftone, Praxiteles with life inform. But it is a far greater defect to omit the fecond part, or point, which is the cafe with feveral epigrams in the anthology, and which at firit fight appears to be the cafe in the following German epigram, al- though it in reality conceals a harp fting : You afk an epigram, and on yourfelf; ' My witis out of joint: But you can laugh fo glibly, fo at nothing, ?Twill do without a point. DR. HECTOR AND HIS PATIENTS. Dr. Heétor, a famous phyfician among the dames of London in Lord Bacon's time, when they complained they were they could not tell how, but yet they could not endure to take any medicines, would tell them, their way was only to be fick, for then they would be glad to take any medicine. TEA-URNS. Tea-urns pafs for a modern and a Bri- tifh invention: their application only is new. I have feen among the findings at Pompeii, preferved in the mufeum of Por- tici, an urn containing a hollow metallic cylinder, for the infertion of a red-hot iron, in which water was thus kept boil- ing. The whole apparatus, in form and ftructure, clofely refembles our own uten- fils. Hero, in his Poeumatica, defcribes this machine by the name anthepfa. Cice- ro mepltions it in his oration for Rofcius Amerinus as of Corinthian origin. The Chinefe have it not; for in Kien Long’s Ode to Tea he defcribes a kettle on the fire. _ MR. ADDISON to @ LADY. “© MADAM, *© Ft would be ridiculous in me, after the late imagination you were pleafed to fayour me with, to affect any longer an ignorance of your fentiments, oppofite foever as an approbation of them mutt be to the diftates of reafon and juftice, ‘This expreffion, Madam, I am highly fenfible may appear alittle too coarfe in the mouth of a polite man; but I hope is no dif- _ grace to the behaviour of a fincere one. ro When we are to talk upon matters of im- portance, delicacy mult give way to truth, and ceremony be facrificed to candour, 339 and honeft freedom is the privilege of in- genuity ; and the mind which is above the practice of deceit can never ftoop to a willingnefs to flatter. Give me leave, Madam, to-remark, that the connection fubfitting between your hufband and my- felf is of anature too ftrong for me to, think of injuring him ina point where the happinefs of his life is fo materially concerned. You cannot be infenfible of his goodnefs, or my obligations; and {uffer me to obferve, Madam, that, were I capable of fuch an aétion, at the time that my hehaviour might be rewarded by your paflion, I muft be defpifed by your reafon; and though I might be efteemed as a lover, I muft be hated as a man. “Highly fenfible, Madam, of the power of your beauty, I am determined to avoid. an interview where my reputa- tion may be for ever loft. You have paf- fions, you fay, Madam, but give me leave to anfwer, that you have underftandmg alfo: you have a heart fulceptible of the tendereft impreffions, but a foul, if you would choole to wake it, above an un- warranted indulgence of them ; and let me intreat you, for your own fake, that no giddy impulfe of an ill-placed inclina- tion may induce you to entertain a thought prejudicial to your honour and repugnant to your virtue. I, madamy am far from infenfible; I too haye paffi- ons; and could my fituation a few years ago have allowed me a poflibility of fuc- ceeding, I fhould have legaliy folicited that happinefS you are now ready to beftow. I had the honour, Madam, of fupping at Mr. D ss, where I firft faw you, and fhall make no fcruple in declaring, that I never faw a perfon fo irrefidable, or a manner fo exceflively engaging; but the fuperiority of your circumftances pre- vented any declaration on my fide, and though I burned with a flame as ftrong as ever filled human breaft, I laboured to fupprefs, or at leaft ttudied to conceal it. «© Time and abfence at length abated an unhoping paffion, and your marriage with my patron and friend effeétually cured it. Do not now, I befeech you, . Madam, deftroy a tranquillity I have jut begun to tafte, or blaft your own honour, which has hitherto been fpotlefs and un- fullied. © My beft efteem is ever your’s 5 but fhould I promife more? Confider, I conjure you, the total neceffity I am ua- der of removing myfelf from an inter- courfe fo dangerous; and, in any other command, difpofe of your moft humble And devoted, set) AS? ORIGINAL | ( “340 ) - ORIGINAL POETRY. ; [Nov. .. THE MURDER OF THE RED CUMING. WRITTEN BY THE CHEVALIER LAW r RENCE, OBERT BRUCE having, in the year 1304, a difpute with John, furnamed, from the colour of his hair, the Red Cu- ming, a powerful chieftain, and formerly regent of Scotland, ftabbed him in the Do- minican church of Dumfries ; but, full of confufion and remorfe, the future monarch rufhed out of the church with the bloody poinard in his hind. Kirkpatrick and Lindé fay, two barons of his party, were waiting at the gate. ‘¢ I doubt (faid Bruce) I have flain the Red Cuming.” ‘¢* Doubteft thou (exclaimed Kirkpatrick): T mak ficker.”— Accordingly with Lindfay and a few follow- ers he rufhed into the church and difpatched the wounded Cuming. The priefts, offended at a {anGtuary’s being violated, reported, that asthey were watching the dead body at mid- “night, they all were overtaken by a deep fleep, except one aged father, who heard a voice exclaim, ** How long, O Lord! fhall vengeance be deferred ?” It was anfwered, ¢¢ Endure with patience till this day fhall re- turn for the firty-fecond time.” In 1357 James of Lincfay was hofpitably fealted in the cattle of Caerlaveroc in Dumfriesfhire, be- longing to Roger Kirkpatrick. They were the fons of the murderers of the regent.— _In the dead of the night, for fome unknown caufe, Lindfay arofe and poinarded in his bed ‘his unfulpeGing hoft. He then mounted his horfe to fly, but guilt and fear had fo bewil- dered his fenfes, that after riding till day- break he was taken not three miles from the cafile, and executed by order of King David i. ; * THE haly abbot of Dumfries Was firicken with affright, Returning thro’ the kirkyard trees, » ‘He herde the bird o& night. He draptabead, he crofs’d himfel, «© Gramercie Chrift me fave.” Anon he herde a tolling bell, ’ And thought him an the grave. He left his palfrey in the fall ; The cloitters all were mirk, Nae monk found hein cellor hall, He hafted to the kirk, The kiric was deck’d in black attire, The Saints in black array’d, And in the midule o the quire A bloody corple was laid, And round it mony a monk and fries In filence watch’d and pray’d, And when they faw their abbot come, And blefs them wi’ the fign, With luiks they fpake, their lips were dumb, They pointed to the fhrine. And nearer as he came, he found The altar ftain’d in blood, And on the fteps and all around There ftream’d a crimfon flood, His filver locks wild horror rais’d, And wae! he cried, wae! wae The mae he cried, the mae he gaz’d, The wounds they bled the mae. «© Say wha is murder’d here ? (he cried) And by whafe arm he fell ?- He feems a chief o” mickle pride ; Methinks I ken him well.” © Red Cuming lies upon that bier (A monk arofe and faid), And giff he war a traitor here, He is a faint now dead, © For being flain in holy ground By ruthlefs dirksandkeen, The blood that trickles frae his wound Will wath his confcience clean. «¢ Cuming, the friend of England’s namey And Bruce, the Scotf{man bold, This morning unattended came A parley here to hold. j «¢ Red Cuming had for Edward fpoke, And fpoke of Englith gold: Quoth Bruce, ¢ Thou haft thy honour broke, And our dear country fold. € You lie,” quoch Cuming ; Bruce replied Nae word, bot drew his dirk, And plung’d it in the regent’s fide, In fpite o mither kirk. «¢ But Bruce was ftruck wi’ haly fear, And fled without the kirk, — , The barons faw the chief appear, Grafping the bloody dirk. 6¢-His bufhy hair like briftles ftood, His luiks war all aftound, And frae his dirk the draps 0” blood Ran trickling to the ground. ' © What now ? what now ? (Kirkpatrick cried, Wi’ frown o” fierce difdain) © I doubt (faid Bruce, he faid and figh’d) I have Red Cuming flain.’ 6 What doubteft thou (with knotty brow Return’d Caerlaveroc’s knight) 5 ‘J ficker make,’ Kirkpatrick fpake, And vanifh’d out o? fight. 66 And he and Lindfay, like bloodhounds, Purfu’d the track o” gore, vy And, while we flrove to bind his wounds, . Piexe’d Cuming o’er and o'er, - Red f : : 1805.] 6¢ Red Cuming’s ghaift has ta’en its flight E’en frae the altar’s fide : Ah wae to Lindfay’s impious fpite ! Wee to Kirkpatrick’s pride ! «‘ For Bruce to rue the deed begins, And tears are im his e’en ; He vows he’ll wath away his fins W? blood in Paleftine. #€ And when he dies his {quire fall lock* His harte in gouden cafe, Apd fall inter it in the rocle At Jofeph’s burying-place, © Yet fill Lherde Kirkpatrick {wear, In fpite o? ftate and kirk, That he above his helme would bear As creit the bloody dirk. s* And that, in fpite 0? hell, he’d write As his devife belae, The words he {pake, ¢ I ficker make :’+ Wae to Kirkpatrick } wae |” The monk had fpoke, and ta’n his place ; 6¢ Ah wae! (the abbot cried) Wae to Kirkpatrick’s haughty race } And wae to Lindfay’s pride !” The monks prepar’d the funeral rite, The corpfe in fhroud wag drefs’d, The monks were watching at midnight, * When fleep their e’en opprefs’d. ’ Bat tird with watching while they flept, The abbot wak’d alane, And o’er the corpfe his vigils kept, ’ When ftrait he herde a mane. ‘ Him thought it was an infant’s cry The wailing voice he herde ; s¢ How lang, O Lord! (it feem’d to igh) Shall vengeance be deferr’d ?” To this from high a loud reply Was thunder’d thro’ the air: ¢¢°Whan yeres are gane fifty and ane, The following yere beware.” ——e— THE MURDER OF CAERLAVEROC. BY C. K. SHARPE, ESQ. *¢ Minftrelfy of the Scottif> Border.” dd Now come to me, my little page, Of wit fae wond’rous fly ! Ne’er under flower o” youthful age Did mair deftrution lie. ¢¢ ]’\] dance and revel wi’ the reft, Within the caftle rare ; Vet he fall rue the drearie feaft, Bot and his lady fair. * The Lockharts derived their name from their ancefturs being charged totranfport to Jerufalem the heart of King Robert Bruce, locked in a golden cafe. _. + Hence the creft of Kirkpatrick is a hand grafping a dagger diltilling gouts of blood, Motto, ¢* J mak ficker.” Original Poetry. $41 «© For ye maun drug Kirkpatrick’s wine W? juice o° poppy. flowers ; Nae maer he’ll fee the morning fhine Frae proud Caerlaveroc’s towers. ‘¢ For he has twain’d my love and me, The maid o? mickle fcorn ; She7ll weicome wi’ a tearfu’ e’e Her widowhood the morn. | © And faddle weel my milk-white fteed 5 | Prepare my harnefs bright ! | Giff I can make my rival bleed, | I'll ride awa’ this night.” «© Now hafte ye, mafter, tothe ha?! The guefts are drinking there ; Kirkpatrick’s pride fhall be but fma? For a? his lady fair. * * + % % % _ Incame the merry minftrelfy 5 Shrill pipes wi’ tinkling ftring, And bagpipes, lifting melody, Made proud Caerlaveroc ring. The gallant knights and ladjes bright Did move to meafures fine, Like frolic fairies jimp and light, Wha dance in pale moonthine. The ladies glided thro’ the ha’, Wi? footing fwift and fure ; Kirkpatrick’s dame outdid them a’, Whan fhe ftood on the floor. And fome had tyres of gold fa rare, And pendants* eight or nine; But the, wi’ but her gowden hair, Did a’ the reft outfhine, And fome, wi’ coftly diamonds fheen, Did warriors hearts affail 5 But fhe, wi’ her twa fparkling e*en, Pierc’d thro’ the thickeft mail. Kirkpatrick led her by the hand, Wi gay and courteous air 5 No ftately caftle in the land Could fhew fue bright a pair. For he was young, and clear the day Of life to youth appears. Alas! how foon his fetting ray Was dimny’d with fhow’ring tears ! Fell Lindfay Gicken’d at the fight, And fallow grew his cheek 5 He tried wi’ {miles to hide his fpite, But word he cou’d na {peak. The gorgeous banquet was brought up On blyerand on gold ; The page chofe out a cry ftal cup The fleepy juice to hold. And when Kirkpatrick call'd for wine, . This page the drink would bear ; Nor did the knight or dame divine Sic black deceit was near, Then every lady fung a fang, Some gay, fome fad and {weet, Like tunefu’ birds the woods amang, Till a’ began to greet. * Pendents,—jewels on the forehead. E’en $42 E’en cruel Lindfay thed a tear, ~ Forletting malice deep 5 , Asmermaids, wi* their warbles clear, Can fing the waves to fleep. And now to bed they all are dight ; ’ Now fteek they ilka door ; There’s nought but ftillnefs o’ the night Whare was fic din before. Felt Lindfay puts his harnefs on, His {teed doth ready ftand, And up the ftaircafe is he gone, Wi? poinard in his hand. The fweat did on his forehead break, He hook wi’ guilty fear ; . Enair be heard a joyfu’ fhrick— Red Cuming’s ghaift was near, Now to the chamber doth he creep ; A lamp of glimmering ray Shew'd young Kirkpatrick faft afleep, In arms 0” lacy gay. He lay with bare unguarded breaft, By fleepy juice beguil’d ; And fometimes figh’d, by dreams oppreft, And fometimes fweetly {mil’d. Unctos’d her mouth 0” rofy hue, Whence iffu’d fragrant air, That gently, in foft motion, blew Stray ringlets o® her hair. 4€ Steep on, fleep on, ye luvers dear, The dame may wake to weep : Aind that day’s fun may thine fou clear, That fpills this warrior’s fleep.” Re louted down, her lips he preft, OQ kifs forboding woe ! Then ftruck on young Kirkpatrick’s breaft A deep and deadly blow. Sair, fair and mickle did he bleed ; His lady flept till day, But dreamt the Firth* flow’d o’er her head In bride-bed as fhe lay. * Caerlaveroc ftands on Solway firth. Proceedings .of Learned Societies. [ Nov. 1, The murderer hafted down the ftair, _ And back’d his courfer fleet 5” , Than did the thunder gin to rair, Than fhower’d the rain and fleet. All fire fraught darted thro” the rain, Whare a’ was mirk before, And glinted o’er the raging main, That thook the fandy thore. But mirkand mirker grew the night, And heavier beat the rain, And quicker Lindfay urg’d his flight, Some ha’ or build’ to gain. Lang did he ride o’er hill and dale, Nor mire nor flood he fea:’d : I trow his courage *gan to fail When morning light appear’d. For, haying hiedthe livelang night, Thro’ hail and heavy fhowers, He faund himfel’, at peep o” light, Hard by Caerlaveroc’s towers, The caftle bell was ringing out, The ha’ was all afteer, And mony a fcreech and waefu’ fhout Appall’d the murderer’s ear. Now they hae bound this traitor ftrang, Wi’ curfes and wi” blows, ’ And highin air they did him hang, To feed the carrion crows, RS BI IR! £¢ Tofweet Lincluden’s* haly cells Fou dowie I’jl repair ; There Peace wi’ gentle Patience dwells, Nae deadly feuds are there. “Tntears Pl wither ilka charm, Like draps 0° balefu’ yew ; And wail the beauty that could harm Aknight fae brave and true.” * Lincluden abbey, near Dumfries, on the banks of the river Cluden, ee PROCEEDINGS OF LEARNED SOCIETIES. NATIONAL INSTITUTE. T is not for want of due attention to the National Inititute of France that we have noticed fo few of their proceed- ings during the laf feveral months, but becaufe the papers laid before that body. have been lefs interefting than thofe con- nected with the labours of other learned focieties. We prefent to our readers in this number, an account of a Report made by the Phyfical and Marhematical Clafs of the Inftitute, in anfwer to the queftion, ‘ Whether thofe manufagories from which a difagréeable fmell arifes may prove injurious to health ?”" The folution of this problem is, doubt- lefs, of very confiderable confequence, as, from the great confidence repofed in the decifions of the National Inititute it will, probably, form the bafis of laws upon which the regulations of the police depend; and fince.in Paris, the fate of the moft uleful eftablifhments, and the exiftence of many arts has hitherto depended on tne award of individuals, and that fome, driven toa diftance from materials, from workmen, or confumers, by prejudice, ignorance, 1805.] ignorance, or jealoufy, continue to main- tain a difadvantageous ftruggle againft innumerable obftacles, by which their growth is oppofed. To arrive at the true folution of the problem, the Report takes a view of the feveral arts againft which a clamour has been raifed, and it divides them into two claffes. The firft comprifes all thofe, the proceffes of which allow aeriform emana- tions to efcape from them into the fur- rounding atmofphere, either in confe- quence of putrefaétion or fermentation. The fecond clafs includes thofe, in which the artift, operating by the aid of fire, de- velopes and evolves in air, or vapour, va- rious principles, which are more or lefs difagreeable to refpire, and reputed more or lefs injurious to health. : After having examined the nature of the principal manufa€tories againft which confiderable prejudice has been excited at different times, dod in different places, the Reporters infer that there are but few, the vicinity of which is dangerous to health. ‘** Hence,” fay they, ‘* we can- not too ftrongly exhort thofe magiftrates who have the health and fafety of the pub- lic committed to their charge, to dilre- gard unfounded complaints, which are too frequently brought againft different eftablifhments, daily threaten the prof- perity of the honeft manufafturer, check the progrefs of induftry, and endanger the fate of the art ivfelf. The magiftrate ought to be on his guard againift the proceedings of a reftlefs and jealous neighbour, he fhould careful- ly diflinguifh between what is only difa- greeable or inconvenient, from what is dangerous or injurious to health; in fhort, he fhould be fully aware of this truth, that by liftening to complaints of this nature, not only would the eftablifhment of feve- ral ufeful arts in France be prevented, but we fhould infenfibly drive out of our cities, the farriers, carpenters, joiners, brafiers, coopers, founders, weavers, and all thofe occupations which are more or lefs difagreeable to their neighbours. The right of toleration has been eftablifhed by time and neceflity ; let us not doubt there- fore, but our manufactures, when grown older, and better known will peaceably enjoy the fame advantage in fociety ; in the mean time we are of opinion, that the clafs ought to avail irfelf of this circum- ftance, to put them in a particular man- ier under the proteétion of government, and declare publicly that the manufaéture ef acids, fal-ammoniac, Peuffian blue, Proceedings of Learned Societies. 543 fugar of lead, white lead, ftarch, weit and leather, as well as flanghter houfes, are not injurious to the health of the vici- nity when they are properly condu&ted. We cannot fay as much for the (teeping of hemp, making catgut, layftalls, and, in general, efablifhments where a large quantity of animal and vegetable matter is fubject to humid putrefaGtion : in all thefe cafes, befides the difagreeable {meil which they exhale, miafmata, more or defs deleterious, are evolved. We muft add, that, though the manu- faétories of which we have already fpoken, and which we have confidered as not in- jurious to the health of the neighbourhood, ought not to be removed, yet adminiftra- tion fhould be requefted to watch over them firiétly, and confult with well-informed perfons for prefcribing to the conduéters the moft proper meaftres for preventing their fmoke and fmell from being diffufed in the vicinity. ‘This end may be attain- ed by improving the procefies of the mana- faétures, raifing the outer walls, fo that the vapours may not be diffuled among the neighbours; improving the manages ment of the fires, which may be done to fuch a point, that all the fmoke fhall be burnt in the fire-place, or depofited in the tunnels of long chiomies; and mainz- taining the utmoft cleanlineis in the mana- factories, fo that nothing fhall be left to putrify in them, and all the refule capable of fermentation be loft in deep wells, and prevented from any way incommoding the neighbours. We fthall obferve too, that when new manufactories of Prufiian blue, fal-am- moniac, leather, ‘{tarch, or any other ar- ticle, by which vapours, very inconvenient to the neighbours, or danger of fire o¢ explofions, are to be eftablifned, it would be wife, juft and prudent, to lay it down asa principle, that they are not to be admitted into cities, or near dwellings, without {pecial authority ; and that if pec fons negleét to comply with this indifpen- fable condition, their manufactories may be ordered to be removed without any ia- demnification. It follows from our report; 1f. That catgut maoufaétories, layftalls, fteeping of hemp, and every eftablifhment in which animal or vegetable matters are heaped together to putrify in large quantities, are injurious to health, and ought to be remote from towns and every dwelling-houle. adly, That manufaétories where difagree- able fmells ave occafioned through the ac- tion of fire, as in the making of acids, “Prufiian 344 Pruffian blue, and fal-ammoniac, are dan- gerous to the neighbours only from want of due precautions, and that the care of government fhould extend only to an ac- tive and enlighteved fuperintendence, hav- ing for its objects the improvement of their procefles, and of the management of the fire, and the maintenance of cleanlinels. 3dly. That it would be worthy a good acd wife government, to make regulations ‘prohibiting the future eftablifhment of any manufacture, the vicinity of which is at- tended with any effential inconvenience or danger, in towns and near ‘dwelling- houfes, without fpecial authority pre- vioufly obtained. In this clafs may be comprized the manufactories of poudreite (dry night-foil), leather, and ftarch ; founderics, melting-houfes for tallow, flaughter-houfes, rag-warchoufes, manu- falorfes of Pruffian-blue, varnith, glue and fal-ammoniac, pot'eries,”” &c. Thefe conclufions were adopted by the Inftitute, and addreffed to Government, with an invitation to make them the bafis of its decifions. M. C. A. Prieur has lately laid be- fore the Inftitute a Memoir, iniitled 66 Confiderations 0% Colours, and of feveral of their fingular Appcarances.”” He fers out from the known opinions concerning the various {pecies of luminous rays; the colours'refulting from a mixture of feve- ral of thefe rays taken at different parts of the folar fpe&trum, and among others the very remarkable cafe, where the rays ‘are fo chofen, that their union produces on the organ of fight the fenfation of _ whitenefs, even if two forts of rays only be employed. If we would comprehend what paffes in the feeing of colours, it is indifpentable in the fir place to obtain a familiar acquaint. arce with the fhades compofed of Jeveral fimple rays, to acquite precife ideas of black and white, and of the complication théfe introduce into coloured appearances ; and more efpecially to underitand the re- Jation of colours, Which, taken. two and two in a certain order, are capable of forming by their union white or any other compounid tint, Two colours having thi§ kind of rela- tion to each other are reciprocally termed complimentary colours. One of thefe be- inz given, the oiher may be determined wit) more or lefs* precifion by various modes of experiment, calculation, &c. ; an. the confideration of them applies very ulefully to a great number of cafes. Thre avthcr next proceeds to contralts, & Proceedings of Learned Societies | [Nov. 1; that is, the effect of the fimultaneous vi- fion of two lubftances differently coloured, when brought near together under certain circumftances. Contraft, then, is here a comparifon, from which refults the fenti- ment of a certain difference, great or fmall. Colours exhibited by contraft are always conformable to the tint that would be-obtained by abftra&ting from the co- lour proper to one of the fubftances the rays analogous to the colour of the other. Thus if on red paper a flip painted orange-colour be placed, the latter will appear nearly yellow, but the fame ftrip placed on yellow paper will appear nearly red, If it be placed on violet-paper it will refume 2 yellowith tint ; and on green paper it will appear red, but in a different degree. ; The explenation of thefe inftances by the rule propoivd. is eafy, if we fuppole the orange-colour of the little ftrip to be coinpounded of all the rays except blue, which is commonly the cafe. A multi- tude of combinations of colours thus placed upon one another bring out the co- lour of contratt indicated by the rule laid down; but there are feveral circumftances that render the effe&t more ftriking, or mo- dify the refuit. Sometimes it depends on the degree of light by which the colours are obferved, and fometimes upon the manner in which it enters the eyes The colours of contraft will appear likewife with greater vividnefs after they, have been obferved a few moments, or if the coloured fubftances be fhaken a little, fo that they may pafs flowly over the re- tina. Ir feems as if a certain fatigue of the eye, either inflantancoufly with regard to the intenfity of light, or more flowly by a prolonged vifion, concurred to pro- duce the appearances in queftion. But an exceffive fatigue of the organ would produce adegeneration of the colours bes longing to another mode. M. Prieur propofes a new method of rendering the colours of contraft very fen- fible. This method confifts in the obfer- ver being in a room with a good light, and placing again the window the coloured papers on which he means to obferve the _ contrafts in the manner above-mentioned, The coloured paper ferving as the ground will then poffefs a degree of femi-tran!{pa- rency ; while the little flip of a different colour placed upon it is more cpake, and in the fhade, on account of the double thickne!s of paper. Thus the colour pro- duced by the contraft is rendered much more {triking. From » obfcurity. bt a 1803.] From this arrangement refults alfo the fingularly firiking effect of contact of a Jittle flip of white paper applied fuccef- fively on paper, glafs, and cloth, of a given colour. Whenthetranf{parent body is red, the opake white appears bluifh green; if the ground be orange, it is decidedly blue ; on a yellow ground, a kind of vio- let ; on a crimfon ground, green, &c. ; always correfponding exactly to, the com- plimentary colour. The knowledge of contraft may be ufefully applied to thofe arts which are employed on the fubjec&t of colours. The painter is aware that it is not a matter of indifference what colour is placed near an- other ; but when he is acquainted with the Jaw to which their action on each other is fubjeéted, he will know better what to avoid, and how to di/pofe his tints, fo as to heighten the brilliancy of that which he withes to bring forward. Covtrafting them together in fucceffion likewile affords valuable indications of their nature and ‘compofition, This the author himfelf has pet in practice with advantage in his ma- nufactory of colowsand paper-hangings. ‘ Coniiderations on contrafts led Mr. P. ‘to the examination of a very fingularafe, viz. the white appearance which a coJour- ed body fometimes exhibits, when viewed through a glafs of the fame hue, and his ‘conclufion is, that the perception of white- nefs in thefe cafes is owing folely to the action of contrafts, by which the impref- fion of the colour is deadened or annihi- lated; while that. of a certain degree of brightnefs fill fubfits, and is. noticed from the oppofition of a greater degree of Hence he gives a new defini- tion of whitenefs :—* White is with re- fpe& tous the feniation of light, when no particular colour predominates in it, or is perceived in it.”” In another part of his Memoir the author confiders the colouring of different opake acd tran{parent bodies, and inquires what are the luminous rays which a given coloured body is really capable of refleét- ing or tranfmitting. In the courfe of his experiments he difcovered that feyeral opake fubftances, of various natures and of all colours, owed their coloured ap- _ pearance to the following laws :—1. Each of the bodies always abfoibed the rays that ‘were complementary to the predominant colour. 2. In fome the ablorption in- cluded, befidesthe complimentary {pecies, others collateral to this {pecies, and more or lefs numerous. 3. The deeper a co. _ Montaty Mac, No. 135. Biickedis of Learned Sucieties: n ‘ 345 Jour is, the fewer fpecies of fays it re- fleéts. Speaking of the appearance of colout- ed clouds, particularly thofe we fee about the rifing and fetting of the Sun, he fays this phenomenon has hitherto remaine without explanation. It is not, he afferts, owing to the refraétion of the folar rays, . but to the fucceffive abforption of them, when they ftrike on the inferior parts of the atmofphere, which are loaded with vapour. The quantity of vapours, and even their nature, not being the fame every day, produce correfponding differences in - their effects. Commonly the firt rays attacked by thefe vapours are the blue adjacent to the violet. Soon after they attack the confi- guous rays, gaining with more rapidity the blue properly fo called ; then the green, the yellow, and thus proceeding to the red. Hence the yellowith, orange, and red colours, exhibited by the clouds. This period of tints, the evening for ex- ample, difplays itfelf gradually as the Sun approaches the horizon. . The fame hues tinge terreftrial objects, the part of the air neareft the fun, and this luminary it(elf— Accordingly, when we can receive its rays oa priim, we perceive that therays aétu- ally abforbed correlpond to the general tint of the moment. Contrafts may likewife render the co-~ lour of the clouds complicated ; as for in- ftance, when a great portion of the fky difplays its blue tint, There are: fome clouds the colour of which ariles folely from this caufe ; and fuch may be feen at times in the middle ef the day, when we have a lofty mountain at our back, or are in any other fituation where the eye is'de- fcended from the too powerful aétion of the folar light, either dire&t or refleéted ; but in this cafe the clouds have only a yellowith tinge, precifely the complemen= tary colour of fky-blue. a Sometimes the Moon is of a fimilar co- lour, when it is very high, a little before er after the Sun paffes the horizon. It appears thus, or even completely white, © when clouds varioufly coloured by the va- pours of fun rife or fun-fet in the air at the fame time, Lattly, from the irregularity of the earth’s furface, and. of the ftate of the atmofphere, the phenomena are liable to be concealed or fubjected to various inter= ruptions. In our climate the colouring of the clouds feldom reaches its lat ftage, On fome evenings,’ when the tky is very Xx = _ clear 846 clear toward the part-where the fun fets, while light clouds float very high over our heads, we hall fee thefe at a fubfequent period appearing of a very light red, heightened by the diminution of light on the earth, foon after obf{cured, and at length becoming extinét in fhade. M. Prieur fupports his principles part- ly by the doétrine and facts generally ad- New Patents lately enrolle » [Nov. 1, mitted ; partly by others lefs commonly known ; and lattly by obfervations of his own. He does not however flatter bhim- felf that the prefent fketch exh bits the matter in a fuitable light, and means to purtue the fubje& by farther relearches and new experiments, if his powers and leifure will permit, _ NEW PATENTS LATELY ENROLLED. MR. THOMAS JAMES PLUCKNETT’S, (pErTForD) for a new Methoa of mowing Corn, Grafs, Gc. 8 hing operation of mowing, according to Mr. Plucknett’s pian, is per- formed by means of a machine moving on wheels, which may be worked either by men or horfes ; and according as it is done by the former onthe latter, the machine mutt be lefs or greater. “Iwo wheels are made moveable on an axis, and to the middle of the axis is fixed an upright bar which turns round as the wheels turn, and upon this bar is fixed a circular cut- ting knife or inftrument. The machine thus confruéted is driven on, and while the wheels turn once the knife and the bar to which it is faftened turn almoft eleven times; the knife, when the ma- chine is worked by a man, is about twenty inches long, but when a horle is the mov- ing power, it is about three feet in length. By a neat contrivance, the knife rifes out of its place if oppofed by any obftacle in its courfe, and when that is pafled it is adjufted again by its own weight. By another contrivance, corn that has been beat down by rains, wind, &c. is sailed ‘up, and thus prepared tor the cutting in- ftrument to perform its part of the bufi- nefs. .H. E. WITHERBY’s (ISLINGTON), j or a new Method of filtering Water. Tt is not poflible to defcribe the nature ef this invention without the aid of plates. The exclufive privilege is claimed for the parts of the machine called the fypbon and fountain, without any regard to the fubftances through which the water pafles ; and the advantages propofed are the large quantities of fluid capable of filtration by this machine, and the eafe with which the apparatus may be cleaned from the impurities left by the water. Sponge is Tecommended as the fyphon to bring the water from one veffel to another. * Obfervation.—We heartily with fue- aefs to every attempt made to purify this moft important article of life. By fome medical men the greater part of the evils to which the human frame is fubjeét is imputed to the want of pure and whole- fome water; as a remedy they propole diftilled water: it would therefore be de- firable that fome practicable method fheuld be hit upon to obtain water pure, without the expence of diflillation. MR. WILLIAM WILKINSON’s (NEEDHAM MARKET), for improved Pan-tiles for covering Houfes, &c. Thefe tiles are of two kinds, called upper and lower, from their relative fitua- tion with regard to each other when formed into a covering. The lower tile is formed fo that the greater or receiving end may admit the lefs or dripping end of the next tile above it into its cavity, after the manner of troughs leading into each other. A perforation is made at the greater end of this tile, through which a clout nail or other faltening may be paffed into the lath that fupports it. The tiles are fo made, that if two lower ones be placed by the fide of each other at a proper diltance, an upper tile will receive into its cavity their raifed edges, be fupported by the fhoulders formed in them, and clofely cover the fpace between them. To the {pecification are annexed draw- ings of the moulds in which the tiles are to be made; and it is only wich regard to the thape, not the fize, nor the method of making of the tiles, that Mr. Wilkinfon laysclaims to an exclufive right. He ne- verthele{s has inferted his plan of manu- facturing tiles, which is as follows :—the mould confifts of three parts, viz. the ftock, the mould-board, and the frame. The flock being made faft on a table’ b a wedge and ftaple, the mould-board and frame are placed on it; the mould is then filled with earth, and ftruck off in the ufual manver. The tile frame and mould- board are then taken off the ftock, and, with the face of the tile downward, placed on a hand-board; the tile and mould- PA board - u 1805.) ° board are forced out of the frame, the mould board taken off, and the tile Isid on « floor, or placed on a ttage formed of boards, fimilar to thofe ufed tor the com- mon pan-tile. When the tiles are fuffici- ently dried they are drefied ona hovfe or fteol, refembling the mould-board, proper allowance being made for the fhrinking of the tiles. The tiles are then paired face to face and chequered, in this ftate they are left until perfectly dry and fit for the kiln, MR. RALPH WEDGWOOD’'S (BURSLEM), Sor a Compofition for making Glafs upon new Principles. Mr. Wedgwood makes ufe of alkaline falt, pieces or parts of China, or earthen- ware pitchers, or pieces of baked clay, old platter moulds, or calcareous earths, borax, filiceous earths, and terra ponde vofa. The alkaline falts and borax are to be uled in a fate of folution, and in this folution, the pieces of china, or earth- en-ware, or baked clay, being firft made - red hot, are to be thrown: to thefe are to be added old plafter-mould, or calca- reous earth, firit flacking them in a folu- tion of borax in water, and then the fili- cious earths and terra ponderofa are to be added, all which articles are to be ground together, and dried over a flow fire. If the alkaline falts and borax are ufed ina ftate of powder, they are then to be ufed in the fame manner as in the common pro- cefs. When the feveral articles are ground together and dried, they are to be fufed, and when ina ftate of perfect fufion poured from the melting pot into cold water. The proportions of the materials are from 10 to 50 parts in weight of alka- line falts, from 12 to 70 of water, of the pieces of China or earthen ware from 50 to 150 parts, and if baked clay is ufcd 80 to 100 parts. There are other fro- portions given, but an accurate regard to them is not abfolutely neceflary ; though the patentee conceives that by attending to them a greater advantage will be gained than can be had by the prefent mode of making glafs, and with a faving of health _ to the labourers employed. MR. PETER MARSLAND’S (HEATON NORRIS, LANCASTER), for Improve- ments in fixing Cotton yarn. «« My invention (fays Mr. Marfland) eonfilts in the extraétion of the air froma veflel containing the cotton-yarn which is to be fized, or the principal part of {uch New Patents lately enrelled, S47 air, and confequently from the cotton- yarn itfelf, and applying the fize to the cotton yarn while the air is fo extragted. The more completely the air is extracted, the more perfect will the operation be.” When the air is properly extracted, the fize is to be introduced inte the receiver” by means of a pipe and proper cock, or by any cther apparatus. When the fize is admitted into the receiver it enters into the yarn and jmpregoates it very rapidly. To prevent the yarn from, receiving’ any injury, the fize mult be introduced flowy, or the yarn packed in bags, &c. When the fize enters the receiver, it caufes the quantity of air which was not extragted to rife to the top of the receiver. To prevent the yarn from rifing above the fize, it muft be fahtened down, ora lid be fixed within the receiver at a few inches from the top. If it be defired to give a greater preflure to the fize, after it is ad- mitted into the receiver, than that of the common atmofphere, the communication between the receiver and the fize veflel mut be clofed by turning the cock, and then one end of a forcing-pump may be inferted into the top of the receiver ; and by means of it a quantity of condenfed air may be forced upon the furface of the fize. After the yarn has remained a few mi- nutes in the receiver, it is !o be placed in athin cold fize, to prevent its growing hard, until it undergoes the next common operation in the courfe of irs manufacture. The fize anfwers beft when it is made thick, and introduced at or near the boil- ing temperature, The procefs may be facilitated by heating the yarn, to any degree not exceeding that of boiling wa- ter. Mr. Marfland confines his invention for which he claims an exclufive privilege folely to the extration of the air from a veflel containing the cotton yarn, and ap- plying the fize to it, while the air is fo extracted. MR, THOMAS ROWNTREE’S (CHRIST- CHURCH, SURREY), for @ new-ine wented Axle tree and Box for Car- riages. The nature of this invention cannot be explained without the aid of figures; we can therefore do no more than make a re- ference to the {pecification itfelf, and ob- ” ferve, that the advantages to be derived ~ from this mode of conftruéting axle-trees and boxes with a mobile collar are {aid to be fafety in travelling, and much lefe draught to the hories. Xx2 VARIETIES, Pw bl with ee on ee ee _ VARIETIES, Lirerary anv PurLosopHical, . ah (ts eae ee en ae ee ee Pry | [Noy. 13 ‘9 el Including Notices of Works in Hand, Domeflic and Foreign, “i ®©,* Authentic Communications for this Article will always be thankfully received. ——— R. Georcrt Grecory has under- ‘ taken a New Cyclopedia, which is to be completed in twelve nionths ; the whole making twelve parts, or two large and elegant quarto volumes, with one ‘hundred copper-plates, by Mr. Heatu and Mr. Porter. In his Pro- fpeftus Dr. G. obferves, that a Diétionary of Arts and Sciences, in a compendious form, ‘fufficiently copious without being prolix, accurate but not diffufe, divefted of all fuperfluous matter, comprefling ra- ther than copying what has been done by others, and exhibiting a clear but concife view of the prefent ftate of the various branches of human knowledge, has long been a moft defirable obje& to the Englith reader. The immediate advantages pro- mifed to the purchafers are, . aft, That it will exhibit a compendium of all human knowledge, the more |uminous be- caufe cleared of all extraneous matter ; rather practical then fpeculative ; and in’ which par- ticular attention will be paid to the moft ufe- ful branches, 2d. It will be of a convenient and compara- tively portable fize, calculated to lie on the table of every ftudious perfon, as a hook of conftant reference. < 3d. ‘That it will be printed fo as to corre- pond with the quarto editions of Dr. John- fon’s Diétionary ; and the pofleffors of both works will thus have, in four quarto vo- Jumes; and at a moderate expence, all the li- terary aid which the Englifh ftudent or reader €an poflibly require. J. S. Srewarr, Efq. of Belfaft, has a poem nearly ready for publication intitled the Pleafures of Love. Sir Henry EnGLerteLp is about to publith a fecond edition of his Walk through Southampton, with large addi- tions. The Bifhop of LanparF is printing a new edition of his Apology for Chrilti- anity, and his Apology for the Bible, in one volume octavo, to which he will add Two Sermons in Defence of Revealed Religion. Dr. E. D, Cuarxe has in the prefs a work intitled Mineralogy, or an eafy and fimple Method of arranging the Sub- fiances of the Mineral Kingdom into Clsfles, Orders, Genera, Species, and Varieties, according to their Diftribution on the Surface of the Globe. Dr. Arkin has in the prefs, fhortly to be publifhed, a work intitled ** Geo- graphical Delineations, or a compendious View of the Natural and Political State of all Parts of the Globe.” 2 vols. {mall Svo. Mr. GLapDwin, of Bengal, the cele- brated author of the Perfian Moonfhee, and other valuable Works on Eaftern lite. rature, has at length, after a laborious ftudy of many years, and with the affitt- ance of the moft learned native Oriental. ifis, completed his great Perfian Distion- ary, which, befides a multiplicity of words not to be found in Richardfon or Menin- fki, contains above thirty thoufand words with examples, taken from the beft poets and philological writers, the Jehangiri, Borhan Kata, and other dictionaries. From Mr. Glacwin’s perfect knowledge’ of all the terms ufed in the courts of law, the diplomatic, civil, and military depart- ments, this work will be found equally ufeful to the young cadet or writer going” out to India, as to the critical ftudent at home. ; Mr. Guapwin has alfo prepared for the prefs Illuttrations of the Boitan, Be- hariftan, Ayar-danefh, and the Letters of Abulfuzl, adapted to the ufe of the ftu-_ dents of Fort-William College ; and he has begun to print the Guliltan of Sadi, in the original Perfian, with a literal tranflation, and a complete analyfis of every word, Arabic and Perfian, which’ occurs in that celebrated work. This will form a large quarto volume, and is print- ed at the Hindooftannee prefs in Calcutia, a new fount of Arabic and Perfian types having been provided exprefsly for this publication. j ; ¢ Mr. SNaPE will fhortly publifh a Trea- tife on Praétical Farriery, in which new metheds of cure will be propofed for fome of the moft formidable diforders incident ~ to horfes. A work will foon appear by Mr. G. Dyer, of Exeter, on the Reftoration of the’ Ancient Modes of beftowing Names on the Rivers, Hills, Vallies, Plains, and Settlements of Britain, in which nearly all the explanations given to thefe by Ver- ftegan, Skinner, Vallancey, Bryant, Bor-» lafe, Whitaker, Pryce, Macpherfon, and other etymologifts, aie fhewn to be un- founded, Dr. a2 + , : 1805.) ' mean. Dr. ANDERSON, of Madras, has pub- lithed in the Madras Gazette the following Letter, which he had lately received from Manilla, announcing the formation of a Literary Society in thatcity: . "© There is lately inftituted bere, under the immediate protection of Government, a Literary Society, to which they have done me the honour to appoint me Secretary. The intention of this Society is to produce a four- nal every month, treating of the different branches of ufeful fciences of the Phillipine Tfands, inorder to encourage indu&ry. Each will begin with an Hiftorical Extract of thefe’ Iflands fince the commencement of their efta- biithment by the Spaniards, drawn from the moft approved authors on. this fubject, de- prived of all fuperftition in the ancient rela- tions. After that they will fpeak of the three kingdoms, the animal, the vegetable, andthe mineral. Agriculture will occupy a great {pace ; and commerce and induftry will furnifh the Journal with fomething upon na- vigation. A few fheets will be referved for the remarkable events of every defcription which may have occurred, with obfervations on their different accidents. This is nearly ' the plan, which you will be able to judge more of by the Profpeétus, which I fhall have the honour of fending to you by the firft opportunity, but itis at prefent in the prefs, and will not appear before the end of the month. The Society, withing to acquireall the information and lizht which can tend to ren- @er their work more ufeful, and at the fame time enter into a correfpondence with the other different focieties who are occupied by ' the fame views, have requefted me, and in’ particular the Prefident, Don Domingo Goy- ena, to inform the Society at Madras of their intentions by this oppartunity, until they can do it more formally by fending the Profpeétus of their Journal. Not knowing any of the other members of this Society excepting you, Sir, I take the liberty to requeft you will en- gage the learned Members of your afiembly in favour of this infant fociety,—Friends of Lugonia,~—and engage them to admit with be- nevulence the requeft to enter into correfpon- dence, and make known to this infant in the cradle their lights, their works, and, in fine, toaflift it with their fuccour, that it may one day be enabled to tread in the fteps of its maf- ters. I cannot help being extremely flattered, Sir, by 2 commiffion which brings to my re- collection a perfon of your merit, and which will often give me the opportunity to affure you of the fentiments of reipet and high con- fideration with which . ‘¢ T have the honour tobe, Sir, “¢ Your very humble and very Manilla, obedient fervant, zoth Feb. 1804. _ J.M. Dayor.” A Life of Mrs, Cuapone will thortly ippear, prefixed to a new edition of her “citerg on the Improvement of the Mind, Literary and Philofophieal Intelligences S49: A New Italian Di@ionary for the Pocket will be publifhed in a few days. Mr. Morrison, of Perth, has ane, nounced a new work, tobe publithed in nine parts, making two handfome vo-, lumes in oftayo, uuder the title of Bi-. bliotheca Sacra, or a Dictionary of the- Holy Scriptures, explaining the various, Terms, Doéttrines, Hiftories, Charaéters, Ordinances, Inftitutions, Laws, Precepts,. and Ficures, in the Sacred Oracles ; to be: illuftrated with a complete Set of entirely new Maps. « : Proteffor Scott, of Aberdeen, is pre-, paring a work for publication, intitled Elements of Intellectual Philofophy, or an Analyfis of the Powers of the Human . Underftanding, tending to afcertain the. Principles of Rational Logic. Dr. Cox has in the preis a new edition: of his Praétical Obfervarions on Infanity. The Jate Dr. Irvine's Effays, chiefly on chemical fubjeéta, with fome additional Effays by Wittiam Irvine, M, Du wiil thortly make their appearance. , The Rev. Ropert FeLLowes has in the prefs a Body of Speculative and Prac« tical! Theology, z vols. 8vo. ; likewife a volume of Pvems, chiefly tranflated or imitated from the German Idylls and other works of Gefner. The Rev. Mr. Hanwoon’s Hiftory of, Litchfield, very much enlarged from his ori- ginal deGgn, will appear about Chriftmas. Two volumes of Sermons of the late TimoTHy KENRICcK, of Exeter, are nearly ready for publication. Dr, Vaupy’s New Greek Grammar, written on the plan of his Latin Gram- mar, will be thortly publifhed, M;. RicHarD Wiston, of Leicefter, author of feveral ufeful Works on Agri-' culture and Gardening, is printing a Na- tural Hiftory of Strawberries, with the Improvements in their Cultivation, J. C. Davie, Efq. has in the prefs, Travels in South America, in Letters. ad- dreffed to the late Mr. Yorke, of Taunton Dean. ; The following is a new method of pre- paring cerufe in the large way :—-Take any quantity of lead-afhes, and diffolve them, by the aid of gentie heat, ina fuf- ficient quantity of dilute nitric acids. fly trate the folution, and pvrecipitate it by. decantedchalk. The precipitate, wafhed, and dried, gives the pureft and, moh beau-. tifel cerufe that can be feen. Dr. THornron has lately recorded: two inftances of perfons completely cured, of confumption by means of the hydra- azotic gas, The Ar. 350 The Cow-Pex.—We had conceived that the value and importance of this great difcovery had been now too gene- raliy felt to leave even for the audacity of empiricifm any hope of achieving mifchief from mifreprefentation. Yet on a fudden fome perfons (whofe authority in matters of troth and {cience inthe metropolis, and among thofe who know them, is, thank God, at a very low ebb) have addreffed the ignorant and uniufpeéting in a man- ner as vulgar as their object is pernicious. They announce new difeafes, the confe- quence of the cow-pox, and cales of yari- olous infeétion after vaccination; the whole or the chief part of which we take it upon ourfelves to attirm never have had any exiltence except in their own malignant minds. It will be remembered that after Galileo had invented the telefcope, and had actually communicated to the world the difcoveries he had made with chat inftrument, certain perfois, envious of his honours, undertook to demonttrate, and they aétually called mathematics to their aid, that fuch an inftrument as the telelcope was an impoffible thing, and consequently that all that Galileo had told them about Jupiter’s Moons, the Phafes of Venus, and the Spots in the Sun, were abfolute faliehoods! Oneof thefe oppo- nentsof Galileo actually made an incomplete telelcope, and thus endeavoured to prove to the eye-fight of thofe who liftened to him, that Jupiter’s Moons were not to be feen by any fuch infrument ! Nothing can be more analogous to the ftate of the quef- tion relative to vaccination, Myriaus of fubjeAs in all the ‘quarters of the world have been inoculated with vaccine matter for feveral years paft, and this experience has left one concurring opinion of its uniform mildnefs and inoffenfivenefs, and of its efficacy as a prefervative againtt the {mall-pox. Indeed there appears little bt that, inafmuch as this difeafe is not contagious, the {mall-pox mult ina few years be completely eradicated. A more impor- tant difcovery certainly was never commu- nicated to the human race ; and it adds another wreath of glory to our country, that JeNNeR isan Englifhman! Jt muit be obvious, from the delicate circum. ftances and numerous qualifications which attend the procefs of inoculation generally, and of a new fpecies in particular, that the opponents of the cow-pox need take no great credit for ingenuity, in availing themfelves of fome unfavourable refults in the infancy of the prattiee, which at the fame time are wholly uncon- neted with the falutarinefs or efficacy Literary and Philfephical Intelligence. ny r wy" of the difeafe. That a human fubject. fhould have a particular diforder but once, is a point yet unexplained by the philofo- phy of medicine. The fulceptibility to fuch difeafes at one time rather than at another is alfoin a great meafure unintel- ligible. Thefe are parts of the arcana of nature, the knowledge of which would cer- tainly be ufeful and defirable; but the practice of medicine may notwithftanding proceed to a certain degree without our underftanding all the relations of caufe and effect. Thus as matter of fat it was fortunately afcertained that we might choofe our time for communicating the infestion of fmall-pox, and conle- quently abate the virulence of that dif- eate. This was a great difcovery ; but Dr. Jenner bas carried it further. He has found outa fubftitute which is aziformly mild, which equally prevents the recur- rence, and which at the fame time zs zof, contagious. The difficulty attending all inoculation is the fame. Our imperfeét knowledge of nature does not enable us to choofe the exaét moment of {uf- ceptibility ; confequently many perfons wio have been inoculated for the fmall- pox, have imperfectly taken the difeafe, and have afterwards been the victims of a natural attack. Juft fo, many fub- jes may have been inoculated for the cow-pox who may not have been in the requifiie ftate of fufceptibility, and may confequen. ly not have acquired proteétion. We muit abandon inoculation altoge- ther, and return to the miferies of the natural {mall-pox, or we muft receive it with the flight diladvantage, that in one cafe out of many thoufands we may be un- certain whether it operates asa fure preven. tive. This uncertainty, however, has no. particular conneétion with vaccine inocu- Jation. It oppofes itfelf equally to va- riolous inoculation ; and the fume un- certain protection operates with equal force againit the one asthe other. Yet the cow-pox inoculation is always mild ;. fo mild as not to be felt or perceived in the conititution, and the fmall-pox inocu- lation is often violent, and not unfrequently- fatal! No perfon can hefitate to decide which to preter. But there ts another coniideration of weight to bim who knows his duty to fociety : that by inoculating for the fmall-pox he engenders and {preads 2 contagious diforder, while, on the contrary, the cow-pox is incommunicable except by means of artificial inoculation, It cannot however be iieceffary,.at this time, to expatiate on ihe advantages of cow-pox inoctilation, except fo far as to repel the liberal TS OR oa 1805.) ‘illiberal condu‘t of its opponents. What be the obje&t of thefe perfons but to. house and Rotherhithe. sl ae excite the prejudices of the low and vul- gar, when they talk of cow-mange, cow- pox evil, cow-pox gangrene, and other fuch nonfenfe? Do they not know that the peo- ple whom they addre(fs are fultained by cow's tie/b, and that they drink the milk of cows, at the very time thofe animals are affected not only by the cow-pox, but by ail the other difeafes to which they are fubjeét ? Tf fuch {candalous oppofition to a molt _falutary pra‘tice were the refult of folly or prejudice alone, we might content our- felves with pitying the infatuation ; butif, as may juftly be fufpected, from tome of the artifices employed, it is founded onenvy and mean felf-intereft, the public indignation eannct be ad hat secon Oh againik fuch mifchievous delinquency. e hope, therefore, that on this occafion we fhall not be confidered as overftepping the bounds of our duty in appealing to the public judgment in fo important a caufe. An A& of Parliament was obtained during the laf feffion for powers to make underneath the Thames a communication, by means of a tunnel or archway, for foot-paflengers, and a larger one for car- riages. ‘The fite chofen tor the opening ‘of the foot-paflage is a little to the welt ef the Londen Docks, on the north Gide, ‘and in a line oppofite at Rotherhithe.— ‘The carriage-road is intended to be opened ‘at or near the ancient horie-ferry at Lime- The recent elta- blifhment of the London Docks, Weti "ndia Docks, Eaft India Docks, and the ‘Commercial Road, on the North fide of ‘the river, and of the Rotherhithe Dock, the Grand Surrey Canal, and the Dartford road, leading through Rotherhithe to London, on theyfouth fide, require a greater facility in paffine from {hore to fhore than can be produced by a ferry.— To-the foregoing noble and ftupendous works the intended paffiges will be no lefs ufeful and important for the conveniences “which they will produce, than tor the fin- gularity of the undertaking. Meafures are taken for immediately entering upon the execution of the plan, under the di- reftion of engineers of the highe! reputa tion, who entertain no doubr whatever of accomplifhing ir. Tn the ufual conftruftion of cle@rical machines the collefing-poinis are fixed, and by the leaft accidental mozion are |i- able to feratch the glals ; to obviate this inconvenience, Mr. SincER places the points ina cylindrical wire terminated by fmooth wooden balls, the diameter of 7 Literary and Philofopbical Intelligences 351 which is Jefs than the length of the pointe. This wire is moveable on its axis, by means of a f{pring-focket annexed to the fier which enters the condustor, The points may be placed at any required ele. vation, fo that the danger of icratching the glafs is effedtually obviated by the balls coming in contact while the points are kept at a fimall diltance. It has been publicly ftated, that che eating the leaves of the bohea-tea has ef- feted feveral ftriking cures in calts of a dropfical habit. : The following is a fimple method of making tubes of elaftic gum, or caort= choue :—Split a ftick of cane, and apply together again the fplit pieces, but with a flip of whalebone inte: puled between them. Cut the elaltic gum icto flips fit for twifting over the prepared cane, {0 as to cover it; then, by duly heating the furface of the cane covered with the ca= outchoue, it will imelt fo as to form one piece ; when cold, draw our the interpol= ed whalebone from berwern the {plit cane, by which means the whole fubltance of the cane may be then readily withdrawn from under the covering, thus leaving the tube formed as defired. M. Steven of Friedrichfham in Den- mark, who is making the tour of Geor- gia, has formed in that counry and in the regions bordering on the Ca'pian Sea a valuable collection of birds, plants, and in particular of infe&ts, hitherrounknown, which he has fent home to his native country. j A new periodical work printed at Pe» terfourg in the German language, intithed the Ruffian Mercury, contains the follow- ing interefting decails concerning a fcholar wno conctived the defizn of writing a Flif. - tory of Ruffia, and whole perfeverance in the profecu ion of his object was truly ex- traordinary. This man, who'e name was Setuius, lived at Pcterfburg about the middle of the lat century. Wirha mind whol'y intent on the plan he had formed, he began to Rudy all the languages which might eaable him to feck materials in the molt authentic fourcés. He was indefs- tizable in his refearches, and at lengih imagined that he had cifcovered in the convent of St. Alexander Newfki at Pe- terfburg a valuatle colielion of manu- feripts and other documents relative to the fubjest. He accordingly fought the ag. quaintance of the fuperior, and after fome time requelted his permiffin to infpeét the archives and the library of the cons vent. §* Foreigners (replied the prelate), and you Germans in particular, make a head _. This re- ply, which weuld have difcouraged any other, was on the contrary a frefh {pvr to Sellius. After feveral other attempts equally unfuccefsful, he conceived the moft extraordinary defigo that the love of letters and the paflion for refearchever produced. Finding it impoffible to pene- trate into this convent which contained the objeét of his moft ardent delires, he . again waited on the fuperior and declar- ed that he felt himfelf moft powerfully impelled to enter into the bofum of the Greek church ; that he wifhed in conte- pence to abjure his religion, and_ to ai- fume the religious habit in the above- mentioned convent. The altonifhed pre- Jate in vain remonitrated and detailed all the difcouraging circumftances to which he would be fubjected by the difcipline of the order, which is one of the moit rigid. Seljius. perfilted in hia refolution ; he af- fumed the habit, and, as it. may be fup- Reiss the fathers did nor fiudy to render is noviciate caly tohim. He fupported this fevere trial, and as his whole atren- tion feemed. to be occupied with falting yand prayer, he at length difpelled the tul- Picions with which he was regarded, and obtained accefs to the library and the ar- chives of the convent. From the magni- tude of the facrifice he had made, fome idea may be formed of his difappointment when he found that they did not contain what he fought ; but another difcovery which he made at the fame time fomewhat diminithed his chagrinso He afcertained that a great quantity of manufcripis had been taken from thele archives and con- veyed to feveral convents in the interior of the empire, the names of which were {pe- cified. “Thefe he carefully noted down,— He then repaired to the faperior and re- quefted his permiflion to make a pilgrim- age, which he faid he had been command- ed to do by his patron, who appeared to him ina dream. To fuch a pious under- taking it was impoflible to oppofe any ob- fiacles ; he received the pontifical bene- diction, affumed the habit of a pilgrim, and fet out to vifit all the convents in the interior of the empire. Invariably faith- ful to his plan, every chapel, every mira- culous image, received. his homage ; the reputation of his’ eminent picty every J J de where preceded him ; and whenever he ventured to approach the libraries and the archives of the convents that he vifited, it was not without obferving the greatelt precautions, For fo many facrifices h often found himfelf amply compentated ; but frequently bis expeciations were cru- elly ditappointed. He loft nota moment, he tranferibed, compiied, and when it impoffible for him to make aie Me had the addrefs to prevail on the librarians, moitly ignorant men, to entruft him with the originals, and they even fuffered him without hefitation to carry away the moit - valuable manufcripts. Scilivs fuceeflively tranfmitted thefe precious gleanings toa trufty friend at Mofcow, whom he had previoufly requefted to procure for him a private place, were it even a cellar, in which «en his arrival he might without fear of furprife enjoy the fruit. of fo many painful refearches. On hearing that the whole had arrived in fafety, he baftened to.Mofcow and fhut himielf up for fix whole weeks ina kind of ceilar, becaufe he thought himfelf {ecure in no other fitu- ation, There engaged night ahd day in digetting, traofcribing, and analyfing, he fearcely allowed himfelf a few hours fir repofe. When he had at length exhauft- ed his manicripts, be iffued from his tomb and returned’to his convent, where he in- tended to begin the great work for which he had been colleéting materials ; but his health being impaired by the extreme fa. tigue and labour of the laft fix weeks in particular, he was totally unable to pro- ceed with it. He foon afterwards fell fick, was obliged to keep his bed, and perceiv- ing that his end was approaching, he wrote to a friend of bis at Peterfburg, to whom he bequeathed all the papers that fhould be found in his tell after his death: but when the latter appeared to take pof- feffion of this legacy the fuperior replied, ‘© Don’t you know that a religious has no property, and confequently cannot make any bequeft? Befides, your friend has not left any papers.” A fociety. is inftituted at Bombay, for the purpofe of colleé&ting ufeful know- ledge in every- branch of fcience, and of promoting the farther inveftigation of the hiftory, literature, arts, and manners, of the Afiatic nations. .Sir James Mack- 1NTOSH, who was elected prefident, de- livered-a very eloquent difcourfe on the occafion. 7 Maria Pautowna, Grand Duchefs of Ruffia, has, much to her honour, un- dertaken the care of the two fons left by the celebrated poet Schiller. The ’ . ——, yy" eaves, ‘ f 1805.] -’ The third and fourth volumes of the Works of the late Kinc of SwepEeN have juft appeared at Stockholm. This colleétion, publifhed by his fon, will be the mo durable monument that can be ere&ted to his memory. At Teflis, a public academy has been lately opened under the direction of ALEXEI PeTrRieF, who is converfant in the Ruffian language, and who has made confiderable progrefs in the fine arts. Every means are employed by the Ruffian government to render the Geor- gians acquainted with the Janguage, and familiar with the manners of the Ruffians. A number of Ruffian books have already been tranflated into the Georgian lan- guage ; and, in return, the romances of SerGet FinoGwe Lt, and the works of other Georgians, have been tranflated in- to Ruffian, The new Calendar of France is abo- lithed by a decree of the Senate, and the Gregorian Calendar reftored, according to which all dates will be exprefled after the firft of January, 1806. M. VENTENAT, charged by Madame Bonaparte with making known to. the public all the new {pecies of the garden of Malmaifon, has confecrated to her the Jofephina, originally from New Holland, and near akin to the digitala, and the pedalia. M. ve Beauvois (another French botanift) has dedicated to the Emperor Napoleon, a tree of the country of Oware, in Africa, diftinguithed by its fplendour, and the fize and fingularity of its flower. M. Peron kas communicated to the National Inftitute two obfervations in re- gard to tie natural hiflory of man. The firft relates to the celebrated apron of the Hottentot women; denied by fome, and differently defcribed by others. M. Pe- ron proves that it is an excrefcence, which forms one of the charaéte:s of a particular race, known under the name of the Bofch- iefmen. The other obfervation relates to the ftrength of favages. A number of ex- periments made by Regnier’s Dynamome- ter, has fhown that they are weaker, cate- vis paribus, than people of civilized na- tions. A fociety in France has propofed as a prize poem, a queftion on the influence of women on public opinion, and on the means of direéting that influence to gene- ral utility. A new aquatic infect has been lately difcovered, whofe principal food is tad- poles. MontTury Mac, No, 135. Literary and Philofophical Intelligence. 3553 A thick rampart has been difcovered in the territory called the Margraviate of An. fpach, which extends from the foot of the higheft hills in the country to the Rhine ; and is fuppofed to have been erected by the Romans, to ftop or prevent the incur- fions of the Germans. M. Rose has difcovered a new vegeta- ble fubftarice in the root of elecampane, a concentrated decoégtion of which, after ftanding fome hours, depofits a white powder, appearing, at firt fight, like ftarch, but differing from it in its princi- ples. This fubftance is infoluble in cold water, but diffolves in boiling water. On mixing the folution of the white powder with an equal quantity of alkohol, the mixture is at firft clear, but in a little time the powder feparates in the form of a tumid white fediment, leaving the fluid above it tranfparent. When thrown on burning coals, the white powder melts like fugar and evaporates, diffufing a white, thick, pungent fmoke, with a fmell of burnt fugar. By dry diftillation a brown empyreumatic acid is obtained from this powder. The nitric acid trans- forms the powder into malic and oxalic acid, and when ufed in great excefs into acetic acid. From thefe phenomena it is inferred that this farinaceous powder, ex- tracted from elecampane root, is neither ftarch, nor gum, but a peculiar vegetable fubftance holding a middle rank between the two, It may exift in many other ve- getables, and perhaps feveral produéts hitherto confidered as ‘tarch are of the fame nature as this farina. LaLanDez’s medal for the beft aftrono- mical work, has been adjudged by- the National Inftitute to M. HarpiIne, for his difcovery of the laft new planet. That able aftronomer has been appointed to the direction of the Obfervatory at Gottingen. Mas.Lousky, a Polith clock-maker, has exhibited at Berlin a new mufical in- ftrament, called a Koelifon. It confifts of a found board, on which the ufual {yf tem of wires of the piano are. fixed. Be- tween thefe wires are finall wooden cylin- ders, which being put into motion, com- municate their vibrations to the wires. The tones are {aid tobe fo foft and enchant- ing that ‘the harmonica does not equal them ; the forte and piano are given in every imaginable gradation, and the whole effeét is furprizing. Count Moussin Pouscnukin has ditt folved both the red lead {ar and chromate of filver in nitric acid, by’ adding a little oe y fugac ol wv 354 fugar the moment the acid is poured on, and promoting the aétion by gentle heat. The fpar then requires only five or fx parts of acid, the chromate of filver {till le(s. Nitrous acid gas is evolved, and the folu- tion of the former is of an ametbyft colour, of the latter a garnet red, witheut the leaft trace of green either by refleGtion or refra&tion. Dre. Vantt having left a pound of foup in which were twelve or fifteen grains of red precipitate, expofed to the open air for four months, found it exhibited no fign of putretaétion. _Herepeated the experiment for a month in the height of fummer, with the fame effect, M. Van Mons has found broth keep for many years by means of a few grains of mercury in the ftate of oxide-and citrate. Nitrate of filver has long been confidered as the moft powerful of antifeptics, and thofe of gold and mercury are equally fo. .Oxigenated muriate of potafh retarded the putrefaction cf ftrong foup feveral days, and ultimately put a ftop to it ata certain point. Very dilu‘e nitric acid, and oxi- genated muriatic acid preferved foup for feveral months. The Military Society of Berlin has printed the fourth volume of ils Memoirs. ‘The number of copies taken off does not exceed that of the members of the Soci- ety, which is compoled of two hundred officers of allranks, and is under the im- mediate patronage of the King. The celebrated Voss, the tranflator of Homer and Virgil into the German Jan- guage, a poet equally diftinguifhed tor his lyrical and paftoral compolition, is about to leave Jena and to remove to Heidel- berg, where he will receive a penfion of 1000 florins from the Elef&tor of Baden, in return for which he willonly be expected to give his advice when afked.. He lke- wile retains the penfion he before received from the Duke of Oidenburg. Some workmen lately employed in dig- ging acellar fifteen feet deep near the gates of Stuttgard, difcovered fome bones and teeth of the elephant. The largelt is fix feet in length. About a,cectury agoa difcevery was made at K nnkadt, about thiee miles from Stuttgard, of the fkele- tons of fourteen elephants, which appear- ed to be of different {pecies from that which at prefent exifts. . Near thete cle- phants’ bones were likewile found fome belonging to the rhinoceros, It is hoped that the refearches for which orders have been given by rhe Biector,.may be produc- tive of fartngr difcoveries. Literary.and Philofophical Intelligence. ne [Now M. Horsric, author of Travels in the Hartz, which he has embellithed with engravings of fcenery from drawings by himfelf, has been prefented by the Duke of Brunfwick with a feryice of porcelain, on which the prince has cauled the fame landfeapes to be painted. A French tranf- lation of M. Horftig’s Travels has been announced, Dr. Faust; in conjunction with Dr. Hunowp, of Caffel, will fpeedily pub- Jith a work, in which they will demon- fivate that, excepting the lancet employed in vaccination, all the inftruments of fur- gery ought to be dipped imto oil at the moment when they are guing to be uled ; by which method the pain of the fubje& operated upon wi'l always be diminithed. In the fame work it is recommended to make all, infvuments of a bleod-heat a little before the operation. Thefe two precautions have already been praétifed in cértain cafes, and with certain inftru- ments. A diGionary of the language of Ango- la or Bunda, with an explanation of all the words in Portuguefe, has been pub- lifhed at Lefbon. Mo di&tionary of that language previoufly exilted. It was priated for the benefit of the Portuguefe, who have commercial reiations with the fettlements poflefled by that country on the coatt of Angola. The Celtic Academy at Paris, at one of itsJaté meetings, fubmitted to the teft an ingenious contrivance of one of its members, which communicates the fa- culty of corref{ponding and converfing with perfons of whole language you are entively ignorant, without any preliminary fludy, without expence, without embar- rafilment, or the leat mental exertions. It wis tried by twenty-five academicians on the European languages, and this trial demenfirated, that, by means of this dif- covery, a perfon ‘may travel wherever he pleafes without an interpreter, that he may afk for every thing he wants, converfe on every kind of fubject interefting to a tra~ veller, and even expre!s metaphyfical ideas. This procefs is mtended tox be made public. - The Academy of Fine Arts at Duffel- dort is about to be regulated ona better and more ex enlive plan. The number of its proteflurs is to be augmented.., M. SCHAFFER, a young arch.te&t already known by feveral works relating to his’ art, and a Plan he has recently publifhed for a monument of Luther, is appointed Profeffor of Architeure. : : ; A molt ata a a “a> 1805.) . A mot extraordinary hypothefis has been made by M. Witte, a German writer, relative to the origin of the pyra- mids of Egypt, and the ruins of Palmyra. The pyramids, according to this gentle- man, are nothing but the eff-&s of cer- tain vclcanic eruptions, and the relics of certain revolutions of our globe, with which we are unacquainted. This he pretends to preve by a two fold analogy, namely, by the reiajions which, certain monuments at Perlepolis, Palmyra, &c. have to each other, and their refemblance to volcanic produ ‘tions as well in gencral as individually. He quotes Defmarelt and Faujas ce Saint Fond; he endeavours to fupport his aflertions by the column of bafaltes of Rochemaure; the red rock of Landriar, in the Velay, the:wall of -balal- tes of Mount Janjeac, im the Vivarais, &es With regard tothe exterior con- ftru&tionand interioc form of the pyramids, he enters into the moft minute details, and reconciles them all to his hypcthelis. He makes every thing, not excepting even the labyrinth, the catacombs, «he inierip- tions; ihe entire, ruins of Palmyra and Balbec, are the refults of volcanic explo- fions, or fome ieveluticn of the globe; and the lake Morris is novhing bot the mouth by which the volcances formerly belched forth fire and flames. In a le- cond work, publifhed by M. Wurre,. in defence of his hypothefis, he proves that, with great learning and a fpirit of relearch, Review of New Mujfical Publications, ‘S55 itis pofible to defend a great abfurdity with much ingenuity, He goes fo faras to maintain, that af the pyramids are not of bafaltes, and if it were poffible to prove that they are not a volcanic production, ftill his bypothefis would not be overturn= ed; that, todefroyit, it would be necel- fary to demonttrare that thefe pyramids are not a&tually a produétion of nature. He adds, it muft not be forgotten that he has judged in this inftance only by ana- logy; that is, by the reiemblance of the fame caufes to the fame effects, without confining himfelf to geological or mine- ralogical proofs. The catalogue of the Leipzig Eafter fair confiderably exceeds that of laft year. Eafter, it istrue, took place a fortnight later than in 1804, and during that pe- riod the prefles were undoubtedly noridle, fo that the number of works that would he announced asteady for delivery was expect. ed to furpafsthat of the preceding year; but probably no perfon would have fufpested that this difference could amount to 1092. This obfervation relates only to works in German and in Latin printed in Germany. The total number of works in thofe lan- guages, comprized in this catalogue, is 3787, that of works in foreign languages 3/3, making atotal of 4100, Thenum- ber of booklellers who furnifhed articles for this fair amounts to 380, of whom there are very few who have not publifhed at leaft one or two new works. REVIEW OF NEW MUSICAL PUBLICATIONS, —— a Thorough-Bafs fimplified, or the whole Theory -and Practice of Thorough-Bajs laid open to the meansft Capacity. By Fojeph Corfe. 10s. 6d. HIS ufeful work embraces. all the priccipal points neceffary to the at- tention of the young ftudent in. thorough- bafs. The method of initruétion adopted by Mr. Corfe is the moft eafy and fami- liar that we have yet met with, and de- rives much advantage from the fimplicity of the language and exampks by which the nature and origin of the teveral chords and figures are explained, as well a- from the judicious feleétion of exerciles trom Handel, Corelli, Geminiani, Tartini, Sacchini, and other great malters. It is teue that we have abundant elaborate and learned treatifes on thorough-bafs ; but we were {till inwant of a work of the nature and upon the plan of the prefent; a work accommodated to the ule of amateurs, and calculated, by its free and lucid ftyle, not only to facilitate the progrels of the pupil as far as it goes, but to tempt him fur+ ther into that knowledge without a certain portion of which mutic can never be pro- duced, well performed, or properly en- joyed. Purcell’s, or the Welfh Ground, with One Hune dred Variations for the -Grand Prano- Forte, written for the Improvement of the Finger 5 by W. Howgill, of Whitebaven. 35. Thefe variations are, for thy, molt part, written with judgment and {pirit, and can- : 2S ae not 356 not fail to improve the finger of the young practitioner. Mr, Howgill has, with equal care, attended to the execution of both hands, and arranged the whole with ajudgment which befpeaks patient and mature confideration. We are, we mutt confefs, very partial to the old variations of this Ground, but, neverthelefs, are dif- pofed to acknowledge confiderable attrac- tion and utility in the prefent publication. The celebrated March performed by his Roya Highne/s the Duke of York's Band, withthe greateft Applaufe, at Vauxhall Gardens. Compofed and dedicated to Colonel Thomas Gait= frill, by W.P. R Cope. 25, This march is conceived with f{pirit, and feored with a refpectable degree of judg- ment. The introdu&lion of the minor of the original key, as a relief to the princi- al fubje&t, is judicious, as alfo the rolling bats given to the bafloon. The compofer has attached to the compofition a piano- forte part, which by practitioners in ge- neral will be found uleful, A new Overture (No. 12) for the Piano-forte, in which is introduced the much-admired Air of ‘* Oliften to the Veice of Lowe.” Com- pofed, and dedicated to Mifs Eliza Dent, by Mr. Latour. 35. This overture is pleafing in all its movements, which are happily variegated, and yet poffefs unity of defign and confift- ency of effeét. The ftrains are five in number, of which the adopted air forms the fourth, and with much grace and {weetnefs introduces the ear to the con- cluding gavot. 6° Poor Mary ;"' fung by Mifs Tyrer. Harmo- nized and dedicated to the Duchefs of Devon- Shire, by Louis Faufen. 15, 6d. *¢ Poor Mary,” the words of which are written by Captain Roberts, is an affect- ing little ballad, and has been defervedly received at Drury-lane Theatre with con- fiderable applaufe. Ladies whofe voices are not of extenfive compa{fs will find themfelves much accommodated by the li- mits to which the compofer has confined this melody. Three Sonatas for the Piano-forte, Compofed, and dedicated to MiJs Howard, by L. Hobe- recht. Gs. We find in thefe fonatas many brilliant and ftriking paflages. The movemenis are, indeed, every where elegant, and, for the moft part, peculiarly animated. ‘The notes are Remote difpofed for the hand, as te obviate even the danger of 4 ; ( ] Review of New Mufical Publications. publifhed. —_ pe [Nov. 4, falfe fingering ; and thofe who prattife this fet of fonatas with care, will not fail to derive from them much improvement. 6& Good Morning,” an Anfwer to Mr. Moore's Ballad of ‘* Good Night,” for the Piano- forte, by Auguft Voight. The Words by Fred. Bryan. 2s. The melody of this fong is delicate and attractive. A certain light, airy -effect pervades the whole, that very happily en- forces the fenfe of the words. The bafs, on the whole, is well chofen, and the ac- companiment is calculated to heighten the pleafure of theear. *6 The Maid of Lodi,” a favourite Ballads arranged as a Rondo by Auguflus Voight. 15. The familiarity and prettinefs of its digreffive matter will greatly recommend this little publication. The original air is ingenioufly ramified and embellifhed, and the whole is fo blended as to produce a uniform and attraétive effec. ‘* The Orphan Boy,” a favourite Song; fung by Mafter Gray, at Vauxball Gardens. pofed by Mr. Hook. 1s. The air of the ‘* Orphan Boy,” the violoncello accompaniment to which was fo charmingly executed at Vauxhall Gar- dens by Mr. Eley, is pathetically expref- five, and does credit both to the tafte and feeling of this favourite compoler of bal- lad melody. ‘¢ The Orphan Girl;” a celebrated pathetic Bal= lad, written by Mifs Beetham ; the Mufic by T. Purday. 13, Eafe and nature pervade the melody of this ballad, and give it that fimple and affeéting character demanded by the fub- jet of the words. The whole air is fo fufceptible of an accompaniment, and would have derived fo much aid trom fuch an addition, that we are forry Mr. Pur- day did not give it that advantage. A favourite Irifh dir, with Variations 5 com- pofed and arranged for the Piano-forte by S. Hale. 1s. The variations given to this air are of a flight but pleafing texture, and will be found very fuitable to the praétice of ju- venile performers, among whom we do not doubt of its becoming a favourite. Upon the merits of Dr. Bufby’s chafte and claffical mufic in the new Melo-Dra- ma, now performing with fo much ap- plaufe at Covent Garden Theatre, we fhall give our comments as foon as it is NEW Com. ae - = 1805:] ( 3857 ) NEW PUBLICATIONS IN OCTOBER. ee As the List of New Publications, contained in the Monthly Magazine, is the ONLY COMPLETE LIST’ PUBLISHED, and confequently the only one that.can be ufeful to the Public for purpofes of general reference ; it is requested, that Authors and Publifbers vill continue to communicate Notices of their Works (p08 paid), and they will always be faithfully inferted FREE of EXPENCE. ANATOMY. MANUAL of Anatomy and Phyfiology, reduced as much as pollible to a Tabular Form, for the Purpofe of facilitating to Stu- dents, the acquifition of thofe Sciences. By Thomas Luxmoore. ‘Foolfcap 8vo. 8s. 64. boards. ANTIQUITIES. A Hiftory of the County of Brecknock, containing the Chorography, General Hiftory, Religion, Laws, Cuftoms, Manners, Lan- guage, and Syftem of Agriculture, ufed in that County. By Theophilus Jones. Vol. . royal gto. Maps and Plates. I. rss. Architeétural Aatiquities of Great Britain. Part If. By John Britton. 4to. large Paper 16s. {mall ros. 6d. fewed. ARCHITECTURE. Farm Buildings ; or Rural Economy, con- taining Defigns for Cottages, Farm Houfes, Lodges, Farm Yards, &c. &c. with appro- priate Scenery to each, with Plates By William Barber, qto. ros, 6d. fewed, BIOGRAPHY. The Life of General Wafhington. Vol, IV. 4to. x1. 11s. 6d. Svo. 10s, 6d. bds. Phillips, A Biographical, Hiftorical, and Chronolo- gical DiGtionary, a new and enlarged Edition. By John Watkins, LL. D. 3vo. 155. bds. Phillips. Spirit of all the French Anas, with Bio- graphical Sketches of the feveral Authors, and Portraits. In 3 vols. foolfcap, Svo. 15s. boards, Phillips. BOTANY. The Botanift’s Guide through England and Wales. By D. Turner, F.R.S. and L. S. é&c.: and L. W. Dillwynn, F. R. S. and L.S. 2 vols. 8vo 14s. bds. COMMERCE. The Nature and Properties of Wool, illuf- trated by a Defcription of the Englith Fleece, By John Luccock, Wcolftapler. 12mo. 5s. 6d, boards The Conveniences, Principles, and Method of keeping Accounts with Bankers in the Country and in London. Intwo Parts. By William Lowrie. vo. ros. 6d. bds, DOMESTIC ECONOMY. The Laundrefs’ Check Book ; or Complete Family Wafhing Book, for keeping a regular Account of Linen, &c. given out to Wath, Tron, or Mangle, for the Year 1306; on fo fimple a Plan, that any Perfon, capable of writing down Figures.alone, will be enabled to keep aclear Account. 14s. 3d. DISTILLING. A Pra&tical Treatife on Brewing, Diftil- ling, and Re&tification, with the Do&rine of Fermentation, in which the London Pra@tice of brewing Porter, Ale, Table Beer, &c. is given. By R. Shannon, M. D. 4to. 21. 12s. 6d, boards. DRAMA, Youth, Love, and Folly. A comic Opera, as performing at the Theatre Royal, Drury- lane. By. Mr. Dimond, jun. 1s. 6d. EDUCATION. The Book of Ranks, defcribing the vari- ous Stations of Britith Society, with twenty coloured Plates. Price 5s. half-bound. Phillips. The Elements of Natural Hiftory, for Schools and Young Perfons, with fixty Plates, The fifth Edition revifed. 5s. bound, Phillips. FINE ARTS. An Account of the Britith Inftitution, con- taining a Copy of the Bye-Laws, a Lift of the Subfcriters, and Extraéts from the Mi- nutes of the Proceedings of the Committees and General Meetings. Is. PHILOSOPHY. EMEA MITErOENTA ; or the Diverfions of Purley. Part 11. By John Horne Tooke. 4to. LAW. The Trial, in an Aétion of Indemnity, Chuter verfus Bunn. Taken in’ Short Hand by Mr. Gurney. The Houfekeepers’ Guide and Lodgers* Advifer. Being a Sele&tion of fuch import- ant Branches of the Law of Landlords and Tenants as are more immediately interefting to Houfekeepers and Lodgers. By John Ir- wing Maxwell. 1s. MEDICINE, Tnnoculation for the Small-Pox Vindicated, and its fuperior Efficacy and Safety to the Practice of Vaccination clearly proved. By George Lipfcombe, Surgeon. 25. A Syftem of Arrangement and Difcipline for the Medical Department of Armies, By Robert Jackfon. M. D. 8vo. 7s, bds. Memoirs of the Medical Society of London. Vol. VI, 8vo, 125, bds, An $58 An Addrefs to the Medical PraAitioners of Treland on the Subjeét of Cow-Pock. By Sam. Labatt, M. D. 8vo. 3s. 6d. fewed. An Anfwer to Dr. Mofley, containing a Defence of Vaccination. By John Ring, Surgeon, 8v9. 6s. bds. "Remarks on the Report of M, Chaptal to the Confuls of the former Government of France ; with an Examination of the Claim of M. Guyton de Morveau to the Difcevery of the Power of the Mineral Acid Gas on Contagion. By J: Carmichael Smyth, M. D. 8vo. 1s 6d The Modern Praétice of Phyfic. By Ed- ward Goodman Clarke, M.D. 8vo. gs. bds. » Critical Refleftions on feveral important Praétical Pointsrelative to the Cataract, com- prebending an Account of a new and fuccefs- ful Method of couching particular Species of that Difeafe, By Samuel Cooper, A Reply to Dr. J. Carmichael Smyth, con- taining Remarks on his Letter to Mr. Wil- berforee, and a further Account of the Dif- covery of the Power of Mineral Acids, in a State of Gas, to deftroy Contagion. By John Johnftone, M. D. MILITARY. Obfervations. on National Defence, and.on the Means of rendering more cffective the Volunteer Force of Great Britain. is. 4 MISCELLANIES, A Catalogue of Books in various Lan- guages, by A. Collins, Change Alley. 1s. Letters between the Rev. James Granger, M. A. and many of the moft eminent literary Men of his Time, compofing a copious Hif- tory and Illuftration of his Biographical Hif- tory of England, with Mifcellanies, and Notes of Tours in France, Holland, and Spain, by the fame Gentleman. 8vo. ios. 6d boards. The Critical Bee, or Beauties of New Pub- Nications No. I 18mo. ts. Sketches and Obfervations on the Neceffiry and Importance of early Tuition in the Art of Dancing. By. G. Ware, jun. 3s. _ Fables, Ancient and Modern, adapted for the Ule of Children from three to eight Years of Age. By Edward Baldwin, Efq. 2 vols. 12mo. 8s. NATURAL HISTORY. Animal Biography, confifting of Anecdotes of Animals, extraed from upwards of one thoufand Authers, the third Edition révifed, Jn three vols. Svo, 30s. bds. Phillips. NOVELS. Ferdinand Fitz Ormond; or the Fool of Nature. By Mrs, Temple. 5 vols. 12mo. al, 3s. bds, Phillipa, Lift of New Publications. Holcroft, The Mytterious Proteétor. 2 vols. 12mo, qs. bd. ; an. 7 The Count de Valmont; or the Errors of Reafon, tranflated from the French. 3 vols. 12mo. 138, 6d. bds. eo Memoirs of Bryan Perdue. By Thomas 3 vols. 12mo. 15s, bas. A Sailor’s Friendfhip and a Soldier’s Love. 2 vols. ramio, 8s. bds. Tales, By Madame'de Montolieu. 3 vols. ros. 6d., Rafhleigh Abbey ; or the Ruin of the Rock . By R: Sicklemore. 3 vols. 123. fewed. ! © poritics. War in. Difguife;. or the Frauds of the Neutral Flags, An Inquiry into the Caufes of the Decline and Fall of Wealthy and Powerful Nations, Defigned to thew how the Profperity of the Britith Empire may be prolonged. By Wil- liam»Playfair, 4to. 11. 118. 6d. Patrioti(m ; or the Love of our Country, An Effay ilfuftraced by Examples from An- cient and Modern Hiftory. By William Frend. $8vo. 7s. bds, POETRY. A Sele&tion of Poems, defigned chiefly for Schools and Young Perfons. By Jofeph Cottle. 4s, The Vernal Walk. A Defcriptive Poem, 2s. Gd. THEOLOGY. A Letter to a Country Gentleman, on the Subject of Methodifm, confined chiefly to its Caufes, Progrefs, and Confequences, in his own Neighbourhood. From the Clergy man of his Parifh, 8vo. 1s. 6d. The Order for the Vifitation of the Sick, from the Book of Common Prayer, inter- fperfed with Prayers, Exhortations. and Intere rogations from different Authors. By Richard Mant, D. D. 12mo. 2s. A few Thoughts on the Creation, Genera- tion, and Evolution of the Human Body and Soul ; on the Spiritual and Immortal Nature of the Soul of Man, &c. 8vo. 3s. 6d. fewed. Sermons on the Exiftence of the Deity, the Immortality of the Soul, the Authenti- city of the Bible and other important Sub- jeéts. By the Rev, John Adams, A. M, 8vo. 7s. 6d. bds, TOPOGRAPHY. The Hiftory of Chichefter, interfperfed with various Notes and Obfervations on the early and prefent State of the City, the moft remarkable Places in its Vicinity, and the County of Suffex in general. By the Rev. Alcx. Hay, M. A, 8vo. ros. 6d. bds. MONTHLY [Nov.-1,,, q re s ae : j 1805.) | ‘(359 ) _ MONTHLY RETROSPECT OF THE FINE ARTS. The Loan of all new Prints and Communications of Articles of Intelligence are requefted. \ /T ESSRS. Boydell’s Shakefpeare, Bow- yer’s Hiftory, Macklin’s Poets, and “fome other great works, being completed without any Similar eftablifhments in their room ; and the convulfions of Europe having afforded fo many facilities to fuch as purchafe ancient and foreign pictures in preference to thefe of our own living ar- > titis prefents but a dreary profpedt to the Enxglith profeflors of either painting or en- graving. Though it moult be admitted, that in fome inftances our home-made rodu@ions were not worthy of the fubjeéts feledted from the poet, or the prices paid by the employer, yet it mutt alfo be ad- mitted, that among a few genuine f{peci- mens of fine art, which have been con- figned from abroad, there have been many inferior and damaged pictures, and many fabricated copies, {moked into antiquity, and fold at treble the prices, for which ‘fuperior piétures from Englith painters might have been purchafed. To countera&t thefe alarming circum- fiances, the Britith Inftitution, now efta- blifhed at what was lately the Shakefpeare Gallery in Pall-mall, embracés a number of objeéts that promife effential benefit to, the Englith {chool. The plan, which was printed a fhort time fince, and is not we believe altered in any eflential particulars, is as.follows. x. The object of the eftablithment is to facilitate by a public exhibition the fale of the productions of Britifh artifts,—to en- courage the talents of young artifts, by premiums,—and by the annual application of fuch funds as may be obtained for that p»rpofe ; to endeayour to form a great and public gallery of the works of Britith artis, together with a few ieleét {pecimens of the great f{chools. z. The exhibition and the gallery to be exclufively confined to the productions of artifts of, or refideot in the united king~ dom, 3. Hiflorical pif&tures and land{capes to he the preferable fubjeéts of premiums and of purchafes for the gallery; but ovher works of the above-mentioned artifts to be admiffibie, if deemed worthy. 4. A preference to be given to fuch nally as have been exhiviied at the oyal Academy. 5. The funds to be derived from bene- faétions,—from annual fub{criptions,— from fmall fees on recepiion of the pictures,—and commifficns on the fale of them, ' 6. The members of the eftablithment to be admitted in feven different claffes. 1., Benefactors of one bundred guineas or more in one fum. 2. BenefaStors of of thirty guiness in ome fum. 3. Annual fub{cribers of five guineas or more. 4, Benefaétors of thirty guineas in one fam, 5. Annual fub{cribers of three guineas. 6. Benefactors of ten guineas in one fum, 7. Annual fubfcribers of one guinea a year. Thefe rules are followed by feveral others relative to the admiffion of fub- {eribers, &c. and it is Rated that benefa&ors of one hundred guineas or upwards, shall have the fame privileges as the others in perpetuity, and be the hereditary patrons of the eftablifhment ; and out of that body the prefident and treafurer is to be annually elected ; the whole to be under the govern- ment of a committee confifting of fifteea’ directors. It is further ftated, that the reception fees on piftures that are exhi- bited, thall be in proportion to the fize of the picture, and not to its intrinfic yalue ; and that the commiffion on the fale is to be one fhilling in the pound ; and that the rooms are to be thut up during the time of the annual exhibition of the Royal Aca- demy. Several of our firft rate artifls, among whom, we have heard, are Sir Wm, Beechey and Mr, Weltall, are preparing pictures for this inftitution; and Mr. James Ward, No.6, Newman-ftreet, by the advice of the Marquis of Stafford, (who gave him fifty guineas for the ori- ginal fketch,) exhibits the picture of The Lyboya Serpent feizing its prey ; the fize of which is upwards of twelve feet by nine. The fame artift has lately painted for Lord Somerville, two land{capes, com. pribng very picture(que views, taken from part of his lordfpip’s eftate in Somerfet- fhire ; alfo, two dogs and a puppy, of the Dalmatian breed, the property of Captain Baflet; this id painted in the manner of Hondius, and is a moft fpirited performance. From feeing a very capital picture of a White Horfe by Vandyke, in the 360 the royal colle€tion, Mr. Ward has been induced to paint in imitation of the man- ner a portrait of Adonis, his Majelty’s fa- vourite Hanoverian Charger; and we have feldom feen fo correé&t and fpirited a produftion. Mr. Ward is now engaged in painting feveral pictures for the Duke of Bedford, Sir Watkin Williams Wynne, &c. He occafionally engraves, and is now engaged ina mezzotinto of the prefent Bifhop of Gloucefter, from Lawrence, which promifes to be a very fuperior print. For his Italian views, Mr. Freebairne has been long pre-eminent: the poetic tafte with which they are conceived ; the appropriate charaéter with which they are delineated; and the claffic purity with which they are coloured, entitles them to ahigh rank with all men of tafte. His right to this character is difplayed in fome pictures now in his painting-room. One of them is a view of the Bay of Naples, with the promontory of Paufillipo, in which was fituated Virgil’s Academy ; the Port of Civita Vecchia; the Vale of Tempe, and a fcene in the environs of Delphi. To fhew that he can give to Enylith fcenery its appropriate graces, he has painted fome Englifh views ; a view onthe [Thames near Marlow, which he has lately completed, is in an admirable ftyle ; it is a morning fcene, with the boats, barges, and craft going off; the water, painted in a beautiful tran{parent manner, with Englifh barges, Engiith boats, and Englifh figures. Mr. Nollekins, whofe tafte and talents in his profefficn of a {culptor, are fo well known, that it is not neceffiry for the writer of this article to enumerate them. Mr. Nollikins, whofe female figures have been remarked for elegance and grace, has juft finifhed two ftatues of Venus, as large as life, and extremely teautiful. In one of them, fhe is reprefented as putring on her fandal ; in the other, acjufting her hair. He has alfo finifhed a new buft of Mr. Fox. Of the old buft, it is a remark- able circumftance, and exhibits a fingular proof of the popularity of the original, as well as of the merit of the f{cu'ptor, that Mr. Nollekins has carved in ftone, fifteen, at one hundred guineas each, for the fol- lowing diitinguifhed perfonages. The late Emprefs of Ruffia, His Royal High- nefs the Prince of Wales, the Duke of Norfolk, Duke of Northumberland, Du- chefs of Devonfhire, Lord Moira, Lord Townfhend, Lord Holland, Duke of Bed- ford, Lord William Ruffel, Mr. Byng, Monthly Retrofped of the Fine Arts. [Nov. I, Mr. Baker, the Eaft India Company, Sir Francis Burdett, Bart. Lord St. Vincent, Mr. Long, &c. &c. He has in hand, a monumental ftatue of the late Mr. Town ley, the proprietor of the capital collection of ftatues, which are to be removed to the Britihh Mufeum. The above is to be ereéted in the chancel of the Church at Burnley, county of Laneafter, which was built by fome of Mr. Townley’s fa- mily. The Battle of Agincourt, painted by Fofiah Boy- dell, Efg. Engraved by Wm, Leney. Size 31 by 25. Price 2. 2s. This print is copied from one of the pictures which the late worthy alderman prefented to the Council-chamber at Guild. hall; and a more popular fubject, the gen- tleman who painted it, could not have fe- leéted. The reverence with which Eng- lithmen have almoft invariably contemp- lated an heroic charaéter, has thrown a luftre round the name of our fifth Henry, which has been rendered ftill more bril- liant by the drama of Shakefpeare ; and we all feel inclined to glory in this battle, from the courage difplayed in the combat, rather than any advantages obtained by the victory; for in this engagement, as well as thofe of Crefly and Poittiers, the energy, firmnefs, and intrepidity which our countrymen fo eminently difplayed during the a&tion, was ftrongly contrafied by the relaxation of all their efforts, and neglect af every advantage they might have obtained, after they became mafters of the field. It is however a very intereft- ing fubjeét and well delineated. It is de- dicated to Lord Wodehoufe. The Thatcher. G. Morland pinxt. 1795. Wm. Ward fculpt. Publifbed by Morland, Dean- freet, Soho. Fanuary, 1806. To fay that this fimple fubje&t is treated in the very beft ftyle of that moft eccentric artift the late George Morland, is giving it very high praife, and to that praife it is entitled ; the print, which is in mezzotinto, is an admirable copy, extremely well en- graved. Chrift taken down from the Crofs. From an ors- ginal piflure in the poffeffion of M4. Bryan, Ejg. C. W. E. Diéiricy pinxt. _Fames Ward, painter and engraver to the Prince of Wales, feulpt. Publifhed by Ward, New- man-fireet. This is a print of extraordinary merit : the effect is uncommonly rich and fine, and the manner of the matter admirably pre- ferved ; it is in mezzotinto. ; The. . oe — 7 1905.) The Rev. Wm Gilpiny Vicar of Baldre, and Prebendary of Salifbury, from a piture (the _ only one) painted in the year 1781, in the pof- Jelfion of Mrs, Gilpin, ‘to whom this plate is dedicated. H. Watton, Efg. pinxt. G. Clint . feulpt. The high eftimation in which this wor- thy and very ingenious clergyman’s name was held for a very long life, will necef- farily give a circulation to this litrie me- morial of his countenance, which bears a very ftrong refemblance to the original, as the countenance is animated, and the gene- ral effcét intérelting ; confidered asa whole, it is a very well engraved mezzotinto. Shere is a very good bult of Mr. Gilpin by Garrard. Mr. Kemble. MM. A. Shee pinxt. feulpt. Mr. Sharp is now hecome a veteran in Jine-engraving, and we have long confi- dered him as holding a very high rank in his profeffion. . His print of The Dofors of the Church, though not quite equal to Jachim’s Freiis’, does him great honour ; and his little engraving of Zenobia, is in the very firitt rank of the arts, It is there- fore with regret that we {peak unfavour- ably of the print now before us; but it is engraved in fo coarfe and violent a ftyle; Jines fo obtrufive, fo overwhelming, and fo deftructive of all the principles of f{eience, that it may be cited as an ever- patting canon of Tée Bathos in engraving. W, Sharp State of Public Affairs in Ofober, Y805. Si On the whole, we ‘think that Mr. Sharp could have engraved a better print from Mr. Shee’s picture; for Mr. Shee is a great painter, and has lately proved his right to the title of a great poet alfo, as his** Rhymes on Art, with Notes, &c.”” difplay a (trong judgment united with a vigorous imagination, and breathing ail the infpiration of genuine poetry. With a fpirit that entitles bim to the thanks of every Britifh artit, ne fupports the dig- nity Gf his profeflion, and vindicates the hopour of this coantry by repelling the infolent infinuation of Abbé Winckle- mann, and fome other foreign | ctitics, who, confidering the mind of man as they would a hot-houle plant, almoft exprefily aflert, that this ifland is in a Jatitude too far north for the produétien or culture of genius. This ridiculous abfurdity Mr. Shee indignantly fiigmatizcs in melt ami- mated lines. It is intended that all the capital pic- tures which are at pre‘ent {cattered in the different royal palaces, fhould be concen- trated at Windfor Cattle, which is now fitting up for their reception, and where at is intended they fhould be arranged under the immediate direétion of his Majetty. When Mr. Holloway has finifhed the engraving of The Cartoons, the original pictures will be fent to. Windior Cattle, where a place is alrcady allotted to them. er tee ors ern 3 Hare ne meee na pine a ae mend STATE or PUBLIC AFFAIRS, dn Offober, 1805. — ae CONTINENTAL WAR. i will be proper, at the commence- ment of a war, to put our readeis in pofleffion of an abridged account of the feveral manifeftoes, and other official cor- refpondence, which have ilfued from the centending powers previoully to actual hottilitics. This wil] be a fort of key to the fublequent conduét of the feveral ttates engaged in warfare, and in our fubfequent Numbers we thall wot fail to record the afual progrefs that is made in this im- portant contett. The firft of thefe papers, in point of time, is the declaration of Talleyrana, delivered the 13thof Auguit. The mott material part of this official document is that which expreffes the fentiments of the r cot Court with refpes&t to Ruflia, Eng- and,and Pruffia. Of Ruffia the decla- fation fays, * Inftead of being defirous of _ Monrury Mac, No. 135. peace, the finds her intereft only in war, and founds fon its renovation hopés which fhe in vain endeavours to conceal. For a twelvemonth palt, the French Em- peror has received no: hing but iofults from the Ruffian Cabinet. Being thus attacked in his honour, he has no longer any thing to expect or require of Ruffia.” With regard to England, it proceeds— “© It cannot be hoped that fucha power willliften to the advice of moderation and juftice. The voice of perfuafion will here availnothing. The Court of will not think of peace till it has loft sll hope of ‘etting the continent in flames, ond covering Italy with blood and carnage.” —-** Pruffia has declared at aj] times, that flie will ia no cafe enier into any hoftile project againit France.” The declaration concludes with calling on Aultria for the affurance of her neutrality, ‘A peace Za will 362 will then be the defire and. hope of Eng- land, and the treaty of Amiens will be reftored before the month of Jenuary. The crowns of France and Italy will then be feparated for ever.” The declaration of the 13th of Auguft is followed by another of Talleyrand’s of the 16th, the {ubilance of which is to de- mand that the Aultrian army in the Ty- rol thall be reduced to the peace eftablith- ment. Thefe declarations were delivered to the _Aultrian minifter; but before any anfwer was returned from the Court of Vienna, the Ruffian minifter, on the 31ft of Au- guit, delivered the declaration of his fo- vereign to the French minifter at Vienna. This exhibits the fixed and inflexible refo- Jution of Ruffia to enforce her claim by war, or, if f{ubmitting toa negotiation, to maintain a {tate of armed truce while the articles are pending. | From this able and manly document it appears that the Em- peror confiders him(felf as under the fo- lemn obligation of refcuing the ftates of Europe from French predominance, and of affording them an immediate and effec- tual refiftance. He will not recommence the negociation, under any circumftance, until he has placed himfelf in a fituation to be enabled to affift his allies at the mo- ment when they may be attacked. For this purpofe he has caufed two armies, of 50,000 men each, to march through Gal- licia to tne Danube, as a meafure of pre- caution, in order to continue the fupport of a powerful army of obfervation, with the negociations for peace; which army will be ina fituation to prevent all farther agereflions during the pericd of pacifica- tion. We now come to the declaration of the Court of Vienna, in which the object of the war is diftinGly ftated. Declaration of the Court of Vienna to the French Court ; tranfmittéd on the 3d of Scptem- ry 1805. <¢The Court of Vienna yields, without delay, to the requeft which the Emperor of France has made of a categorical explanation refpecting the motive of its preparations. — The Court of Vienna has no other motive than that of maintaining peace and _friend- fhip with France, and fecuring the general tranquillity of the Continent. It* has no other wifh than that the Emperor of the French may entertain correfponding fenti- ments. ‘* The maintenance of peace, however, between the two States does not merely con- fiftin their not attacking each other. Ic de- pends not lefs,; in reality, on the fulfilment of thofe treaties on which peace: is ‘founded, State of Public Affairs in Oftiber, 1806. irre aS [Nov. 1, That power which tranfgreffes in fo effential a point, and refufes to attend tothe reclama- tions to which fuch a conduét gives rife, is as much the aggreffor as if it opénly and un- juftly attacked the other party. ‘¢ The peace between Auttria and France was founded upon the Treaty of Luneville. One of the articles of that treaty ftipulated and guaranteed the independence of the Ita- lian, Helvetic, and Batavian Republics, and left them at liberty to chufe their own go- vernments. Any meafures, therefore, which tend to compel thefe ftates to chufe a govern- ment, conttitution, or fovereign, otherwife than according to their free will, or other- wife than is confiftent with the maintenance of a real political independence, is a breach of the peace of Luneville, and it isthe duty of Auftria to complain of fuch a violation.” ** The maintenance of general tranquil- lity requires that each power. fhould confine itfelf within its own frontiers, and refpect the rights and independence of other ftates, whether ftrong or weak. That tranquillity is troubled, when any power appropriates to herfelf a right of occupation, protection, or influence, when that right.is neither founded onthe laws of nations or on treaties; when the {peaks after peace of the right of con- queit ; when the employs force and menaces to prefcribe laws to her neighbours, and com- pels them to fign treaties of alliance, concef- fion, fubjugation, or incorporation, et her will; when fhe, above all, in her) own journals, attacks every fovereign, one after another, with language offenfive to their dignity ; when, finally, the fets herfelf vp as an arbitrefs to regulate the common inte- refis of nations, and withes to exclude every other ftate from taking any part in the main- tenance of tranquillity and the balance of power. One fhe would exclude, becaufe it is too diftant ; another, becaufe it is {yparat~ ed.by an arm of the fea from the continent 5 and evading an anfwer to the remonftrances of the powers neareit the canger, aflembles — troops on their frontiers, and threatens them with a rupture if they place themfelves in a ttate of defence. *< Under fuch circumftances, it becomes neceflary for other powers to arm, tofupport each other, and to join in maintaining their own; and the general fecurity, ‘1hus the military preparations of the Court of Vi- enna are provoked by the preparations of France, as wel) as by her neglect of all means of fgcuring and maintaining a (true peace, and future tranquillity. ¢¢ All Europe knows-the fincerity of the with for peace which his Imperial Majefty has difplayed, and the punétuality where» with he has fulfilled the obligations of the Treaty of Luneville; that fincerity cannot fail to be recognized in the great conceffions made in confequence of the injurious’ éxten= fion given tothat treaty in Germany, and in the not lefs great moderation with which his - Imperial ; x 1805.) Tmperial Majefty has conduéted himfelf on the firft departure of the French Republic from that treaty, in refpeét to the concerns of the other Republics. While thefe changes were afcribed to the neceflity of fecuring from all danger the difclofure of the plans for ‘the reftoration of monarchial government in France, his Majefty made no difficulty to re- cognize the ftate of things which, towards the end of the year 1802, was eftablifhed in Iraly. His Majetty’s confidence in the views of the Firft Conful was confirmed by the obligations which the latter owed to the Ita- lian Republicin his charaéter of Prefident, by his frequent and folemn affurances, before - and after his elevation to the Imperial dig- nity, that he was far from entertaining any plans of fartber aggrandifement or of en- croschment on the independence of the Ira- lian States ;—in fine, by the pledges which he had given tothe Emperor of Ruflia, par- ticularly with refpe& to the indemnification of the King of Sardinia, and the general ar- rangeMient of the affairs of Italy. *© all thefe confiderations concurred inex- citing and cherifhing in -his Majefty’s bofom the hope that the confolidation of the new Empire of the French would fpeedily bring back the policy and proceedings of govern- _ ment toa fyftem of deportment compatible with the balance of power and the fafety of Europe, and fome time after, when the firit reports of new meditated changes in the States of Lombardy, induced the ambaflador from the Court of Vienna, at Paris, to demand ex- planations upon this fubjeét; his Majefty, by the official afurance communicated in the name of the Emperor Napoleon, was con- firmed in his hopes that the Italian Republic would not be united with France, and that no innovation fhould take place which might prove injurious to its political independence. - * His Majetty the Emperor of the French had made a pacific overture to the King of England, in terms which pretended to pre- clude the latter from the tight of taking any concera in the important interefts of the con- tinent. This rettri€tion, combined with the relations exifting between the King of Eny- land and the Court of St. Peterfburgh, in- duced his Britannic Majcfty to have recourfe to the meciation of his Majefty the Emperor of RKuffia. Notwithftanding the fufpenfion of all official relations with France, his Majefty did not hefitate to employ his mediation, to Gifpatch an ambaflader for that purpofe, and to make application to the fovereign of France to fornifh him with paffports. *€ The hopes, however, to which thvfe pa- cific eps gave birth, {peedily vanifhed. At the very moment when the requidte pallports Were tranf{mitted to the Ruflian negociator, Yo enable him to proceed on his journey to France, freth attacks were made on the poli- @cal exiftence of other independent States in ltaly. From that inftant che Emperor Alexe ander conceived that his character muft have State of Public Affairs in Ofober 1805. 363 been compromifed as a mediator. On the other hand French armies were rapidly affem- bled in {taly, without any regard to the pro- mifes given that no military preparations fhould take place in that country. An en- campment of thirty thoufand men in the plain of Marengo was fpeedily followed by another encampment of forty thoufand men onthe frontiers of the Tyrol and Auftro- Venetian provinces. His Majefty thus found himfelf under the neceffity of providing, without delay, for his own fafety. He was now convinced that his pacific, friendly, and moderate fentiments were not met by fuch {entiments on the part of his Majefty the Em- peror of the French, as to permit him any longer to negle& taking the neceffury mea- fures for afferting his juft rights, and main- taining the dignity of his empire. ‘¢ This is the caufe of his prefent arma- ment. The fame difpofitions, however, which made his Majefty fo anxious to avoid a recurrence to fuch meafures, have alfo deter- mined their precife obje&t. The Emperor arms not with hoftile views ; he arms not to operate a diverfisn againft a landing in Eng- land. Befides, the execution of this defcent, after two years menaces, does not feem to be exactly calculated for the moment when France provokes Auftria and Rufflia, by enterprizes which have no relation whatever to the quar- rel with Great Britain. The Emperor arms for the maintenance of the peace exifting be- tween him and France, He arms for the maintenance of thofe pacific tipulations with- | out which his peace would become illufory, and to attain that juft equipoife which de- pends on the moderation of all the powers interefted, and which is calculated to fecure the balance and the permanent tranquillity of Europe. ‘© The ftep by which his Majefty has at the fame time invited all the courts intereft- ed torenew the negotiations which have been broken off, is direéted to the fame objeét.— The unexpeéted rejeGtion which his interpo- fition has experienced on the part of his Ma- jefty the Emperor of the French, does not prevent him from renewing that invitation. *¢ He has been more fortunate in his ap< plication to the Emperor Alexander. This monarch, who fills fo honourable and diftin- guifhed a place in the fenate of the powers of Europe, whofe equality and general profpe- rity form the object of his conftant folici- tude, teftifies in the anfwer which he has tranf{mitted, and which is here annexed [wide fupra], a fimilar wihh with that of his, Majeity, for the conclufion of a juft and mo- derate arrangement. He is alfo copvinced of the neceffity of an eventful armament; and, on account of the diftance which he has to pafs, in order to fupport the caufe of juttice and the iflue of his moderation, he feels it to be his duty to caufe a part of his troope to advance, for the purpofe of conferring on the faid medidtion all the importance and all Zia the 364 the effe& which are worthy of fo great a power, ** Asa demonftration of the reétitude of the fentiments entertained by the two Impe- vial Courts of Auftria and Ruffia, it is hereby formally declared in the name of both :— *« That they are ready to enter into a ne- gotiation with Francc, for maintaining the peace of the Continent on the moft mode- taté terms which are compatible with the general tranquillity and fecurity ; ‘© That, whatever (hall be the iffue of the Negotiations, and even fhould the commence- ment of hoftilities become unavoidable, they at the fame time pledge themfelves to abftain from every proceeding tending to interfere with the internal concerns of France! or to alter the ffate of poficflion, and the legaliy- exifting relations in the German Empire ; or, in the flighteft degree, to injure the rights er interefts of the Ottoman Porte, the inte- grity of whofe dominions they are, on the contrary, prepared to defend to the utmoft of their power, ** Finally, that the fentiments of Great Britain are conformable with thofe herein ex- Ppreiled, and that the has difplayed the fame Moderate difpoftion for the reitoration of peace between her and. France. “* His Majefty hopes that this fincere and frank declaration will ferve to remove any doubis which his Majetty the Emperor Napo- leon may entertain refpecting his views and Motives. His Majefty will he happy, and his higheft with will be gratified, if this de- claration tend to prevent thofe misfortunes which it is not in his power alone to ayert trom mankind.” The expofition of the comparative con- duct of France and Auftria fince the peace of Luneville, read to the confervative fenate, September 23, may be confidered as Bonaparte’s juftification of bis conduét in anfwer to the declarations of Ruffia and Ayfiria. This paper, of the contents of which, from its great length, we can but give a fketch, fets out with a difplay of the pacific diipsfition of the French Emperor, who, atter he has reduced his enemies to the neceflity of receiving peace asa benefit, has neverthelefs gyanted it to them on conditions, which they would hardly have dared to promife themielves, and which have rendered his moderation not lefs dazzling thaw his victories. He then infifts upon the profperity of his empire, which, having excited the jea- loufy of England, has in fact been the means of exciting the flames of war. To the intrigues of this country he imputes / all the evils of the impending, contett. Of Auftria, he fays, ‘“ having twice ex- perienced, at the end of two unfortunate wars, at the periods of the treaties of €ampo Formio and Lunevilley how far State of Public Affairs in Ofober, ¥S05. France would extend her generofity to. @ vanquifhed enemy, who had not, like: France, religioufly obferved her treaties. Notwirhftanding formal ftipulations, the Venetian debt had not been liquidated. The emperor knew that the commercial relations between the kingdom of Italy and the hereditary ftates were thackled, and that his French and Italian fubje&s met with a reception in Artria very different from that which the ftate of peace gave them a right to expe&. Ir the fettlement of the German indemnities Auftria had been treated with a degree of favour, which ought to have exceeded both her hopes and delires.”* And it is added, ‘¢ Twice able to deprive Avftria for ever of one half of her hereditary ftates, far” from diminifiing her power, he increafed it. If he could have placed no reliance upon her gratitude, he theught he might upon her honour. He gave her the ftrong- elt proof of confidenée he poflibly could, in leaving his continental fronticrs difman- tlhed and, ungarrifoned.”’ The expofition: thea complains of the deceitful and illu- fory condu& of the court of Vienna. in her pretended negotiation, till, ‘at laf raifing the mafk, Auftriain a tardy an- fwer manifetted by her language what fhe had announced by her preparations ; to the remonilrances of France, fhe replied by accufations. She became the apologitt of England ; and announcing that fhe would open her ftates to two Ruffian ar- mies, the plainly acknowledged the con- federacy into which fhe had entered with Roffia in favour of England.” ‘* All further explanation, therefore,, with the court of Vienna having become impoffible, an appeal toarms was the only means that were compatible with honour. «* Let England exult that fhe has at la(t’ found allies ; her joy will be of fhort dura- tion, and the day is not far diftant wher the rights of nations fhall be avenged.”” — « The Emperor, obliged to repel an un- juft attack, that he has laboured in vain to prevent, is under the necefhiiy of fuf- pending the execution of his firft defigns.. He has withd:awn from the brink of the ocean thafe old troops fo often viétoriousy and he marches at their head. He will ne- ver lay down his arms until he fhall have obtained full and entire fatisfa@tion, and complete fecurity, as well for his own eltates as for thofe of his allies,’” In aid ef the prefent exigencies, a new, confcription of 80,coo men has been or= dered to take place in France, with a view of recruiting the armies, and fupplying the wafte of war. This confcription is ta a ee es : 1805. ] bé enforced with all the terrors of penal law. Evafion and defertion are conttrued into treafon againt the fate, and the moft ignominious punifliments are denounced againt fach as are backward in joining the armies. To this view of the plan we add his fpeech in the fenate on the War. SPEECH OF THE EMPEXOR, 6© Senators, _ “ In the prefent circumftances of Europe, Ifeel the neceffity of being in the mid{t of you, andof acquainting you with my inten- tions. #¢ I am going to leave the capital to head. the army, to bring fpeedy affiftance to my allies, and to defend the deareft interefts of my people. ¢* The withes of the eternal enemies of the Continent are accomiplifhed ; the war has com- menced, in the midftof Germany. Auftria and Ruffia have joined England, and the pre- fent generation are again drawn intoall the calamities of war. A few days ago, I ftill hoped that the peace would not be difturbed ; menaces and outrages had no efre& upon me 3 but the Auftrian army has pafied the Inn, Munich is invaded, the Elector of Bavaria is driven from his capital; all my hopes have vanifhed, *¢ Tt is at this moment that the malignity of the enemies of the Continent has developed itfelf. They ftill fear a difplay of my pro- found love of peace; they fear ieft Auftria, at the fight of the abyfs, which they have dug under her feet, fhould return to fenti- ments of juftice and moderation. They have plunged her into the war. fF figh for the blood it. will cof to Evrope;- but the French name wi)! derive-a new luftre fronr it, «© Senators, when in conformity to your withes and to the voice of the whole of the French people, I placed on my head the Im- perial Crown, I received of you, of all the citizens, the engagement to preferve it pure, and without blemifh. My people have given me, onall occafions, proofs of their confidence and love: they will fly to the colours of their Emperor, andof his army, which in a few days will have pafled the frontiers. “* Mapiftrates, foldiers, citizens, all will keep their country free from the influence of England, who, if fhe were to prevail, would grant us only a peace furrounded with fhame and difgrace, and of which the principal con- ditions would be, the burning of our fleets, the filling up of our ports, and the annihila- téon of our induftry. “ All the promifes which I have made to the French people Lhave kept. The French people, on their parts, have made no en- gagement to me but what they have exceed- ed, In thefé circumftances, fo important to their glory and to my own, they fhall con. tinue todeferve that nameot The Great: Peo- State of Public Affairs in Ogtober, 1905. 365 ple, with which Fhailed them in the midt of the field of battle. ‘¢ Frenchmen, your Emperor will do hig duty, my foldiers will do their’s, you will do your’s ” The King of Pruffiaand the cantons of Swifferland, have declared fora (tri& neu- trality during the prefent war, amd have publifthed declarations to this effect; im that of the latter, it is faid, ** the Diet, moved by sentiments:of ancient Swifs fides lity ; careful im obferving every, treaty, and every amicable relation exiting with the neighbouring fates; animated with: that {pirit which the inherits from her An- ceftors, and which infpires. her with thet love of peace, and a due confideration far every power; reflefting, in fine, on the pofition, and the wants of the Swifs peo. ple, for whofe renovation, profperity, and repofe, jut forbearance on the part of fo- reign States, and the fcurity of Peace, are become indifpenfable; the Diet from all thefe confiderations, regards it as their molt facred duty to remain aBSOLUTELY. NEUTRAL in the war which appears ready to break out ; and to obferve, and caule to be obferved, this neutrality by her fub- jects, with faith and impartiality towards each of the Belligerent powers and their allies: to fupport this neutrality, and to maintain order throughout the extent of the Swifs territory; the Diet has deter- mined to caufe the troops of the Confeder- ation ta march to, the frontiers, and to: guarantee by arms the fecurity and invio~ lability of their territories.”’ Befides thefe ftate papers, we haveothersy viz. one from: Bacher, entitled the French Imperial declaration, which wasdelivered: to the Diet, and communicated to all the: members of Ratisbon; in this the Empe- ror of Francedeclares, that hehas but one: object, viz. the repelling an unjuft attack, and reftoring the independence of the body: of the German Empire, which has beers attacked by the ufurpations, unjult acqui-~ fitions, and aéts of violence of the-Court: of Vienna: he farther declares.that he wi-k retain poffeffion of none of the territcriesof: Germany which may fall into bis hands by the fate of arms; he guaransees: to every prince the independence of his rights. and poffeffions ; and affirms, that he wilk not lay down his arms till the rece!s of the Empire fhall be reftored ands confirmed in all us bales, and until Auftria fhall have renounced her claims, and yielded the ac- qu:fiions which fhe has madeiin Swabias and ceafed.to make attacks onthe inde- pendence and fafety of Germany. 2 Ao 366 State of Public Affairs in OGtober, 1805. »An explanation of the extraordinary conduct of Bavaria is another ftate paper of confiderabie length, but of little intereft, and has been publicly ditributed by order of His Eleétoral Highnels. Hottilities havecommencedon the Danube, and the refule of the firft contelt has been unfavourable te the Auftrians. The Frerch by forced marches advanced to-Neuburg, when turning the left wing of the Ant trians they have endeavoured to place them- felves in a fituation which fhould cut off the communication of the main Auttrian atmy in Southern Swabia with the capital; In their march to effect this purpole from Nevburg towards Avgfburgh, two of their divifions encountered a large body cf Auftrians on Manilo at Wertingen; the Auttrians defended themlelves with ac- knowledged bravery, but at length the greater part of them, from four to five thoufands in number, were forced to iur- render themfelves prifoners of war. Bo- naparte has fince advanced to Munich, the Auftrians retreating before the’ various French divifions. “Ihe French have aifo entered Cruxhaven, and thus put to the tet the difpofition of the King of Pruffia. EAST INDIES. Britith affairs in India have taken a very favourable turn: among other encouraging circumitances, we extract the foilowing paflage fiom the Calcutta Gazette: ‘© His Excellency the commander in chief, having comp eted h’s arrangements for the re-commencement of opetations againit the town of Bhurtpore, changed the ground of his encampment befcre Bhurtpore on the gth of Apr, and took up his final pefition tor the attack. The reduced condition of Jefwuat Rao Hoikai’s power, and the manifeft inability of conti- nuing to afford fupport to the declining fortune of that chettain, added to the pre- parations for the attack of Bhurtpore, had previoufly induced Rajah Runjeet Sirg to fue for peace on the 25th of February, and to offer terms, which, after fome negocia- tion; were, with certain modifications, ac- cepted by Lord Lake, under the authority of the Governor General. An agreement was accordingly formed on the roth of April, by which Runjeet Sing has ceded to the Honourable Company the fortrefs of Deeg, and has reftored all the diftridts which were conferred upon him by the Britith Government after the conclution of peace with Dowlut Rao Scindia. Runjeet Sing has alfo engaged to pay the fum of twenty lacks of rupecs to the Company— of this fum three lacks of rupees are to be - “eI Ts [Nov. 1, paid immediately, and the remainder by inftaiments, at (tated periods. “The fon of Runjeet Sing was delivered up to Lord Lake on the 11th of April, as an hoftage for the due performance of thele engage~ ments. _** It appears by the moft authentic ac- counts, that Jefwunt Rao Holkar is redu- ced to the greateit diirets, and that his force is nearly dettroyed. The troops which remain in his fervice are not more than fufficient to form @ guard for the pro- te&tion of his perfon, and even thele are entirely difpirited_ and haraffec by the fe- veral defeats they have recently experien- ced, and by the continual itate of alarm in whiclr they have been kept by the perfe- ve.ing activity and vigilance of the Com- marnder in Ciief. «The doininions of the Company in Hindoftan are ina ttate of tranquili ty, and the binds of robbers which had difturbed certain dittriéts of the Nurth Weltern pro- vinces have been expelled.” By other official documents, dated al- moft a month later than the above, ‘it ap- pears that there is every probability of the rettoration of a general peace in India. GREAT BRITAIN. In ovr Jatt we gave an account of the vaiour and heroif{m of Capiain Mudge, it will be fatisfa&tory to every perfon to learn, that the conrage and humanity of this gendeman have been properly appre- ciatrd by the enemy. Captain Mudge, of his Majefty’s late fhip Blanche, inva letter dated Lifbon, the 7th infant, says, ‘¢ BF have been treated with the moft marked attention, by the French Ambaffador General Jenot. At the fecend maflacre of the French inhabi- tants at St. Dominge, I was fortunate enough to fave many of thole miferable people devored to deitrustion, and I fent. them to General Ferrand, at Santa, St. Domingo, on which he wrote me a flrong letter of thanks. After the Blanche had firuck, this letter was feen by the Caprain of La Topaze, and he mentioned it to Ge- neral Jenot, on our arrival here, who im- mediately gave orders that I fhould be in- tantly liberated without exchange, and yelterday gave the paflports to all my offi- cers and crew.”” The whole of the convoy which failed with the Iluftrious from Tortola, amount- ed to two hundred and thirty feven fail. nothing particular occurred untilthe morn- ing of the 6th of September, when a vio- lent gale, feparated forty fail from the commodgre ; the Catherine, bcund to — on ——<—o 1805.] don from Surinam, foundered on the fame morning, and every (oul on board perifned, except the mate and two jieamen: feveral fhips during the gale made fignals of dif- trefs, but the Jea ran fo high chat no al filtance could be afforded them. Of this fleet only one hundied and eighty fhips ar- rived in the channel with tbe Ijluttrious. Alphabetical Lift of Bankrupts and Dividends, 867 A great part of the outward bound Oporto fleet have been taken by the Rochefort {quadron. A confiderable expedition is fitting out in the Downs, and we hope in our next to he able to announce fome achievement worthy of the vait powers at the difpolal of the Britifh government. Avpuageticat List of Bankrupycres and DivipENDs announced between the 2oth of September and the 20th of October, extracted from the London Cazettes. BANKRUPTCIES, The Solicitors? Names are betzveen Parenthefes. RENAN Robert, St, Mary Axe, corn dealer. (Rogers, Maocieser Buildings, Welminiter F Bellamy John and Edward, Srigitock, butchers. (Hill- yard, Clement's Inn ; Bainbridge John, Walyngham, draper. (Bell and Brodrick, Bow lane Biakefon Yorn, Kingten-upon Hull, grocer. (Sherwin, Great Jamés itreet, sediord row Badcock jonn, Paternofter row, bookfeller, (Bugdy, Middie Temple lane Boon Robert, Chedzoy, dealer and chapman. Covk's Court, Carey freet Burton Benjamin, Houndfditch, flopfelier. (Adams, Old jewr Cline William Tflington green, corn dealer, (Wright and Bovilic, Chancery lane Doyle fames. Covent garaen, dealer and chapmau. (Nay- ler, Great Newport ftreet 2 Davis Richarc, idermanbury, warehoufeman. (Milne and tarry, Old Jewry. . Eardley Charles and Thomas, Stuckport, cotton fpinners. (Buee. Inner Vemple. ' Evans David, Sou™haimpton Court, linen draper. (Shep- hard. sa tiett’s Buildings Feldwick James, Brighton, cordwainer. (Tourle, Fal- mer, and Co. Gray s nu Favell Michael, Borough, linen draper. (Thomas and Nayler. Long Acre Green Ihumas Holaersefs, dealer and chapman. (Rofler and Son, Bartlett’s suildings Gibbs jaimes, vererhorough, draper. wreet, Falcon fquare (Blake, (Atkinfon, Cattle Gahagan jofepn, Broad Chambers, merchant. (Day, Martin s lane, Cannon ftreet Golden John, Bury Sct. Edinund’s, draper. (Wilfon, Greville fireet, datcon garden Griffiths Frederick, (nhreadneedle ftreet, apothecary, (Gregfon and Pixon, Angel court, Throgmortren sp) Greet Hamer ‘ichard, Saville row, wine merchant. Cafe treet, Faicon fyuare Hoffman, Daniel, belton ftieet, cheefemonger. (Hodgfon, Charles ftreet, st. James's i Hefielwood Robert, Scarborough, fhip owner. (Rofier and Son, Bartlett’. Ruidings Jones John, tiereforc, plumber. ings, Cnuancery lane Jones Jubn, Carnarvon, draper. Lincoln's inn Johnion Jonn, Holborn hill, Mnen draper. Williams, caftk (reet, doivorn., Jenkins Thomas, aud Whomas Frederick Wollen, Bo- Fourh, |.neo drapers, |Few, North ltreet, Red Lion Snare Jenkins Walter, Brifiol, broker. (Blanchard and Sweet, King’s bench walk (Atkinfon, (Becke, Bream’s Build- {Edmunds and son, (Freoth and Leo Chriftopher, Throgmorton ftreet, merchant. (Mo;- telfiore. Finch lane 7 ; Lord Francis. Skinner's ttreer, tallow chandler. (Mills and Kobinfon, Pariiament treet. Weitininiter Main Jofepi, Northampton. ironmonger. Long, aud Lece, syinond’s mn. Macklin Anthony, Compton itreety Soho, linen draper, (tourheld, Bouverie hicet Morrifon William, tile Marth, coal merchant. (Bljand- ford ang Sweet, {nner remple (Kinde: ley, Nighrivgale Jofiua, Kennington, carpenter. (Hughey Ctirtord’s ion Priugie, Matthew, Walworth, flour factor. (Martin, Upper Shanes treet “hey Joteph, skipton, grocer. (Sudlow, Monument yar Bobinfon Martin, and John Ibbetfon, Drury lane, grocers. (Murd, King’s Berch walk Scott Thomas, Betinas green, broker. court, sudge row (Hale, Caftle Tunnicliff Thomas. Bromyard, linen draper. {Foulkes and | opedili, Gray's ino Travers William, and James Bate, Warrington: (Fitch- ett. War ington Willmore William, Birmingham, factor. (Piatt, Bride court, Fleet ftreet Watred James Napier; Birmingham, woollen draper. awajn and Stevens, Oid Jewry White oln, and William Fernihcugh, Manchefter, (johnion and pailey, Maunchetter DIVIDENDS ANNOUNCED. Aplin Oliver, Banbury, ferevener, Oftober 18 Abbott Thomas, Wifbeach, liquor merchant, Otoher 29° stews George, Holybourne, tanner, November 49 Thal Bottomby Samuel, Royfton, Oftober 20, final Buckler John, Warminfter, clothier, October 17 Bel) John, Old City Chambers, wine merchaut, Noveme ber 4 Burton Juhn and Jefle Hirft, Manchefter, timber mer- chants, O¢tober 29 Bellamy Thomas and John, Birmingham, japanners, Oc- tober 22 ESTOMeS Roberts Old City Chambers, merchant, Noyeme er 5, fnai Bares Richard, Durham, mercer, November 19 Barnes !homas, Fleet ftreet, ftationer, Novemberr2 Bithup Johkw and John Terry, Maiditone, uphoiders, No vember § Bakewell Robert, Bridge frreet, Covent Garden, dealer and chapimnan, November 2 Bowman John, Water lane, brandy merchant, Decem- ‘ber Birch Elizabeth. William Birch, and William Marfh, Fleet fireet, paper ftainersy November 12 Batfon Wiliam, Oxford, glaffman, November2 cada ag George, Kendall, brandy inerchant, Novem= er 12 Bird William Wilberforce, Coventry, filk manufacturer, becempber 17 ryan William, St. Mary hill, brandy merchant, Gtto- cr 2 Crots Wane: Tifoury, carpenter, Oftober 17 Soe erahae Rotherhithe ftreet, mariner, Noveme bert Cole John, Nosthtawton, maititer, Odtober 23 Chadunck James and Randle Reay, Wigan, potters, Ofto- ber 28 Coleman James, Clare market, poulterer, January ar Croft Lawrence, St. James ftreet, dealer aud chapmany November § ‘ Coleman Jobn. Fetter lane, painter, November 16 Cameron deory. sirmingham, factor, November 6, Conk John, Warren ftreet, tinen_ @raper, November Campoell Barnabas, Prince’s ttreet, infurauce broker, octuber 15 Den Wiliam, Oxford ftreet, carver and gilder, Ofto~ er 29 Dixon John and William Jeffery Dixon, vember 7.final Davis Neury, Porifea, merchant, November: Dawtoy Joln, Hyde ftreet, dealer and Chapman, Noveme ber 30, final Excter, No- Dennett George, Gray's inn lane, cowkeeper, Novem- her 5 Duffin Michael and Henry Duffin, Stratford upon-Avony jinen drapers, final Darling samuel, Bowling ftreet, grocer, O&ober 24, final Emmett Kichard and Peter Baldwin, \ ancalter, cotom manufréturers, O€tober 30 Eyre Benjamin, Hodgion Arkiyfon, and Wiliam Walton, Tokes Houfe yard, merchants, Sovember a, fowl, of the feparate.cnate Of Benjainin Eyre Eccles Thomas and Sarnard Thourmas Holbrook, Watling treet, warehoufemen, NoveiScr 50 Furlopge, Michael, Guildrora diect, Otober 29 Ferns Robert Ballantine, Litchf¢lu, wive merchant, Oe. tober 28 Fitt thomas, Swanfea, haberdathe,, November jo, Anat Feuwick Fenwick Themas James, ‘Peuzanee, linen draper, Oto- bers sullwoou Jonathan, Barbican, pawnbroker, November 2 Filton Elizabeth, Lancatter, miliiner, November 2 Botzard james and Letitia Fozzard, Park Jane, fable « . keepers, wctober 29 ~ Garland Matthew, Peptford, auctioneer. November 12 Gringred James and Mickzel Guelt, Manchefter, cotton merchants, October 28 s Groom jotn. Chifweil treet, ftable keeper, November 5 Geddes Alexander, Barthulomew lanc, merchant, Novyein- “ober 26 Gardrer fames, Newcaftle-under-Lyme, ironmonger, Oc- tober » Henley Williams Devon. merchant, October 29 Howard James, Rochdale, machine maker, Otober 16 Hawkins James. Metiristes Aoi bilder, November 6 Hawkefworth William, Blackfriars road, linen Graper, November 16 q Hofiman andrew Burgefs, Charles fireet, tailor, Decein- her Holden Georee, Kingfton-upon-Hull, merchant, Novem- eras é Humphrys William, the younger, Fifh ftreet, grocer, No- vember $ madija Richards Warter, dealer and chapman, November ofina Haich James, Kent treet, woollen draper, November § Harticy Stephen, Gratlington, mercer, Novemner 5 Harman James, Great Rufiell treet, haberoather, Noyem- ‘ ber Ray rand Samuel, junior, Halefworth, grocer, October 23, final arratt John, Water lane, broker, November 16 Yacks Walter, Briftol, merchant, November 36 ‘James Henry, St. Mary Axe, merchant, October 26 Fackfon John, Oxford lireet, linen draper, October 22 Ingram James, Strand. hatter, October 22 stag ae Thoinas, Canterbury, dealer aud chapmaa, O8oe er 2 bia bawrench; Throgmorton ftreet, merchaut, Novem- ber 12 King James and Jofeph King, Newcaftle-upun-Tyne, pot- ree Novemberig, deparate eitate of James King, nal Loft James, Charles and Thomas Loft, Friday ftreet, waréhoufemen, Ofoher 29, fiial Fingala: Joun, St. Gearge’s fields, baker, November 2, na Lewis John, Lamb's Buildings, carver and gilder, Junu- ary 21, fingi ‘ Lewis Thomas Welton, Falmouth. November 19, final Leaming Thomias, of Preftou, John Myers, of Clockhea- ton, and William Chapman, of Preiton, wor?ed manus fatturers, December 16, feparate eitate of Thomas _. Leeming and William Chapman Vane Joun, Thomas Frafer, and Thomas Boylfton, Nicho- Jas lane, merchants, December 5, final on the feparate eftate of Thomas boylfton, and alfo ou the feparate eltate of Thomas Frater Lucas William Nelfou, st. Alban’s, furgeon, November 2, nal Lichigaray Samuel and Matrhew Dunsford, Bafinghall ftreet, merchants, November 16 Leg Jono and Samuel Lees, Halifax, merchants, ucto- er 25 Morrey pono Cheetham, Manchefer, cotton manufacturer, * O€tober 15 *Kiniey Danie) and Abraham Mendes Belefario, mer- chants, Sizedane, November 12 Morley William, Shoe lave. haker, December 19 final Morgan Patrick and Arthur Strother, Crefecnt, mer- chants, December 7 Mackenzie Matthew, Fleet ftreet, vintner, November 2 Maley Charles, St. Catharine's, .wharfingery Novem- er 12 Moyle Thomas, Newcaftle-under-lyme, drapery Octo- er 29 gail’ Donald, Savage gardeus, wine merchant, Octo- er "Report of Difeafes. . {Nov. 1, Mer ames, Hammerfmith, wheelwright, Oftober 265 na Nixon John, Pimlico, carpenter, November 5 : ; uxenham Willian, £xeter, tallow chandler, October 30, final , Parr James, Oxford, brandy merchant, November 2 ty Petrie John and Join Ward, Kemipton, dealers and chap- men, Noiember 29 7 \ Perrin Charles Francis Olivier de, Duke ftreet, victualler, October 29 : pes Robert, St. George's fields, linen draper, Novem- er z Richardfon Jofeph, Penrith, iroumonger, October 23 BCHeR I by ichard, Whitechapel, wine merchant, Otto- er 2) Roberts James, Afthford, filverfmith, November 2, final Rene, Ampyass Aldermanbury, warehoufeman, Noyem-< er Rofe Charies, Weftminfter. cheefemonger, Oftober 29 Rifhman James Conrad, Bridge (treet, Wefiminiter, mer- cer, November 16, final rei Read John, Peter Read, and Robert Read, Fordingbridge, _. Calico printers, November 46, final " Riley Edward. Strand, mufic feller, November 16 Richardfon Richard, Bermondtey. glue “inaker, Noyvem- cr 2 Rofe John, Sudbary, linen draper, December 2, final RKobiifon Thomas, Charlotte fireér, victualler, O€tn- bsr 29 . Scrape Jeffery, Queen ftreet, Cheapfide, ftock broker, No- vember § final Shaw John, Newgate ftreet, linen draper, September 28, by adjourament from the azth ai Saxby Heury. Charlton, gardener, October t9 pase john Henry, Bow lane, merchant, Noyem~ oF 29 Stephens William, Ewreter, faddier, O@uber Skexg Francis, Davis ttrect, Berkeley fquare, oilman, Otto berig Acepbentin Shared, Parliament ftreet, ftationer, Novem= er 2, fina Smee Joieph, Newington place, potter, November 16, final Stephens John, Liverpool, merchast, Noyemoer 8 Smith Thomas, Deptford, viduailer, November 2 Stork John, Thomas Whitby, and Matthew Botrwil, Great Driffield, cornfaor, feparate ciate of Johu Stork, De+ cember 2 Shallcrofs Stephen and Robert Barnes, Manchefter, cotton fpinners, October 31 ‘ Syle Edward, South Molton, woollen draper. October 29 Sivattou George and Henry Stratton, Blackfriars roads iroumongers, November 2 x ‘Twyford Robert, Mancheiter, merchant, final Tracey William, Portfea, flopfeller, Nove:nber 2, final Towefland Ssmuel, Paradife row, dealer and chapman, November 30 Took John, Methwold, grocer, Odtober 15, final Timings Johu burton, Portfea, grocer, November s Taylor John. Worceiter, draper, November 26, final Towntlend Job, Barnfley, grocer, October 29 plates rhe Hammerfinith, carpenter, October 2g, fa Valery Ifaac, Artillery place, merchant, December 19 Wells Edward. Oxford, liquor merchaut, October 16 Whittle Thomas, Lancafter, muflin mannfacturer, Octo. ber 30 Wilkinfon George, ‘Fenchurch ftreet, man’s mercer, No~ vember 2, bnal ’ Wheariey Johan, Mark jane, corn factor, November § Wine Herman, St. Martiu’s lane, merchant, Novem er 16 wiliems John, Lianlidan, dealer and chapman, Noveme er 25 Wade Thoms, Great St. Helen’s, Bithopfgate ftreet, drug m-tchant, November 19 Wallis john, Egleston, Golchefter. merchant, October Walford Aichard, Chefter, brewer, October_28, final REPORT or DISEASES, In the public and private Pradiice of oue of the Phyjicians of the Finfbury Difpenfary, From the 20th of September to the 20th of Odtober. —— ae REUMATISMUS Oe pag POON tat. es Catarrbus) * Sad ittssee sieves 2B Phthifis pulmonalis, 2.0. <2 nc obs 9 @phthalmrgrs ees ee wi ene eny S Ephemeren teeta web os~ hela) 3 6 Scarlatina .._.. Morbi infantiles ... 2 BRUTORCOCHHCY (eet hain nh <(ntawe ae cin E Amenerrliceatticiian.a cis ere nea Menorphagian en s)acacamas Tallis nu sc ac See wines ulate noes ee Dytepiiate Mees tnlae ble oe eee Colica Bobet ok Hydrogs PeGoris . Praumatolis .o) pana imps a,c ae cla eee Atthenia Pere er? se eee ee) eee ee 18 Early PW ON Ap 1805.] Early in the laff month the Reporter was roufed from his repofe at a noSturnal hour by a call toa patient labouring under a violent attack ,of internal pain, which was accompanied by every other circum- ftance that could concur to menace the ap-, proaching danger of inflammation in the ftomach, or fome part of the inteftinal canal, This was a cafe of peculiar delicacy and danger. The extreme degree of ge- neral debility ftrikingly indicated by a de- preffion of the {pirits and pulfe, as well as other circumftances, when occurring fimultaneoufly with local irritation, or a partial excefs of excitement, often involve the PraGlitioner in embarraflinent with re- gard to the meafures which ought to be inftantaneonfly adopted. The evacuation of blood which the inflammaticn feems to require, is calculated to exaggerate that debility which is a flill more important and alarming fymptom. In fuch inftances of exigence and peril, purgatives, efpecially i: the form of Ene- ma, whilft they in a great degree anfwer the purpofe of venefetion, are not at- tended by thofe rifks and inconveniences that are apt to follow the latter procefs., By a powerful and efficzcious’ applica- tion of this kind, the patient in the inftance alluded to, was relieved not long after the moment of its'adminiftration. A military officer who had been repeat- edly in the Weit-Indies, and two cam- paigns in Holland during the Jaft war, ap- plicd Jately to the Reporter. He was ftrongly affeéted ‘with a diforder of the nervous fyftem, not in‘eed amounting to, but ‘in fome degree partaking of the na- ture, of mental derangement. He had been what is. called a high liver, and in other refpetts licentioufly luxurious. He has fince acquired more accurate and bet- ter regulated habits. But his dilapidated conttijution ftil] continues to fuffer from the relults of juvenile diffipation. Some tonics of a medicinal narure were pre- {cribed, conneséted with the habitual ufe of the yoower bath, which, with a proper attention to phyfical and moral regimen, appeared not unlikely, inthe courfe of time, to invigorate and reftore, in a cer- tain degree, the decayed energies of his frame. ; A cafe has recently occurred of a per- fon afflicted with dyfpepfia particular] marked with a bad breath. This la _ Monrury Mac. No. 135. Report of Difeafes. “fpeéts and purpofes in life. 369 fymptom he lamented as having effentially interfered with bis molt important pro- As is ufval where the ftomach is ill qualified to dif- charge its duty, there appeared an hypo- chondriacal irritability and depreflion of the nervous fyftem, which not improbably induced the patient to exaggerate his difeafe, as well as the unfortunate and unpleafant confequences arifing from it.— The Reporter convinced the patient that his ailment was not in his mouth, but in: the ftomach, and that by correcting the depraved condition of that important or-= gao by certain regulations of diet and pharmaceutical preparations, he might be relieved in time from that offenfive exhala- tion, the aétual or fancied exiffence of which he fo feelingly deplored. In con= nection with this cafe, it is worthy of re. mark, how much the flate of the breath is affedted by that of the fpirits. How long will it be before eventhe ap~ pointed and profefiional guardians of the phyfieal conftirution fhall be brought duly to appreciate the almoft immenfurable in- fluence which the mental part of our frame, in an advanced and ameliorated ftate of fociety, unintermittinely exercifes over its health, its prefervation, and de- cay ? i The favage, the rufic, the mechanical drudge, or the infant whofe faculties have not had time to unfold themfelves, or which, in phyfiological language, have not as yet been /ecreted, may for the moft part be regarded as machines regulated principally by phyfical agents. “But man, matured, civilized, and by due culture lifted to his deftined level in the fcale of being, partakes more of a moral than of an animal character, and is in coniequence to be worked upon by remedies that apply themflves to his imagination, his paf- fions, or his judgment, ftill more than by thofe that are direfted immediately to the parts and functions of his material orga- nization. ! Nearly every month the writer of this article has been irrefiltibly led to towch upon this fubjeét, becaule every month he has met with frefh and frequent in- ftances confirming the truth, and wpen his own mind impreffing more deeply the importance of his fentiments with regaid to il, J. Rei. Grenville fireet, Brunfuick /quare, O&. 27; 1805, 3A INCIDENTS, (870 J (Nov. fy ENCIDENTS, MARRIAGES ano DEATHS tn anp NEAR LONDON, - With Biographical Memoirs of catinguifhed Cha-alters recently deceafed. Saline - e E City of London have given notice of - their intention of applying to Parliament to provide for the making of certain cuts from parts of the river Thames to other parts of the fame, for the purpofe of avoiding the places where the navigation is moft obftruét- ed, and leaft capable of being otherwife im- proved ; 3 which cuts are propofed to be made in the feveral parifhes of Laleham, Littleton, Shepperton, and Sunbury, in the county of “Middlefex, and Chertfey and Thorpe, in the county of Surrey ; and alfo for an AG for the enlargement and better regulating of Smithfield Market; and for opening a new ftreet or road from the north end of Fleet- market to Clerkenwell-green, and thence to the great North-road, at or near the fouth end of Iflington, in the county of Middlefex, Two refpsGtable furgeons having communi- cated to the Commiflioners of Sewers, that many accidents have come under their care arifing from fhort pofts in and about the me- tropolis, which cccafion ruptures and other lamentable misfortunes to perfons {tumbling on them in the dark, the Conimiffioners have recommended that no pofts be permitted to re- main fhorter than four feet above the ground, and that the tops be painted white. Similar precautions are highly neceflary in country- towns and road-fides, which are not properly lighted. Deptferd-Creele bridge has been opened for foot-paffengers. It is built over the river Raveniborne, near its outlet into the Thames, and leads from Deptford to Greenwich. Mr. Aftley, fen. is bufily employed in ereGting a new theatre on the fité of Craven- Houfe, the principal entrances to which will be from Neweaftle ftreet and the weft end of He has taken the ground of Wych-ftreet- the Earl of Craven for ten years, at tool. per annum, with the provifo that if, at the expiration of that term, he finds his place fucceed, he will purchafe the ground for 20001. the fum agreed upon by both parties 5° or, if hethinks proper to relinquith the con+ cern, that he thall furrender the theatre to the proprietor of the freehold in good and te- nantable condition. Mr. Aitley is stated to have obtained a patent from his Majefty, au- thorizing him te ereét a theatre for his ufual exhibitions in any part of the city and liber- ties of Weftmintter. The ancient hofpital of Bethlem will fhortly be no more. The whole of the pa- tients are removed to St. Luke’s and Hox- ten. The fale of the building has commenced, fn and the ground is purchafed for the purpofe of erecting a fuperb ftructure, which, trom its form, will be denominated ‘* The London: Amphitheatre,” and will Be divided into lec- ture theatres, appropriated for hiftory, che~ miftry, navigation, mathematics, philofophy, genealogy, chronology, and trade ; to which wil! be added a Mibrary, fuited to the above purpofes, that will furpafs any of its kind in Europe. Upwards of 250,000l. is already fubferibed towards this great undevtakiny.—= It is propofed. to build a new hofpital a little to the fouth of Hlington workhoufe, in an extremely airy fituation. A trial was lately made in the riverThames of the life-yreferver, invented by Mr. Da- niel, furgeon, of Wapping. It is compofed of water-proof Teather, prepared to’ contain air, and is inflated in half a minute through a fmall tube, with a cock, which is turned when the jocket is fufficienthy expanded ; thus prepared, it fupports the head, arms, and body, out of the water, theperfon weur- ing it having it at all times in his power, by means of the tube and cock, to increafe or diminish the quantity of air. Several perfons thus equipped quitted the boats from off the Old Swan, and floated through Loadon- bridge, and down the river, with the greatett eafe and fafety, without being obliged to ufe the fmalleit exertion to fecure théir buoyancy, fome fmoaking their pipes, and others play- ing the German-flute, which they did with as much convenience as if on land. In this manner they proceeded below the London Docks, near the refidence of the inventor, Mr. Daniel, where, on their landing, he was greeted by three cheers from the numerous tpectators, who were gratified with the fight of fuch a noveland really ufeful invention. Application is intended to.be made to Par- fiament for an A&t for inclofing the commons and wafte-lands in the parith of Hillingdon, Middlefex. The long-meditated plan for making a re- cefving-dock at Northfleet is on the point of being earried into execution. The ground has been ftaked out, and engineers have furveyed the fituation. The expence of making the dock will be trifling compared withiits utility, as a {pace of nearly twelve acres has been ex- cavated by the chalk-cutters, and confequent- ly much labour will be faved. Ships after bri ing launched, inftead of remaining at Woolwich, or fent round to Sheernefs and Chatham, may be received into this dock, and sigged and fitted for fea. MARRIED, %305.] MARRIED. At St. Pancras; the Rev. John Jeffery, of Billingfhurft, Suflex, to Miss Taylor, eldeit daughter of Wm. T. efq. of Tottenham- Tourt-rouad, and grand-daughter to the late Rey. Henry Taylor, well knewn for his cele- ‘prated defence of the Arian doétrine, under the title of ** The Apology of Benjamin Ben Mordecai for embracing Chriftianity, &¢.” and many other valuable theological pieces.. Mr. William Williams, of the Swan-with- ‘Two-Necks, Lad-lane, to Mifs Ann. Mea- thon, fecond daughter of John M. efg. of WVincent’s-row, Iffington. At Hendon, Lieutenant-Colonel Nicholl, to Mifs Sarah Geeves, youngeft daughter of the late Mr. G. of Page-ftrect. ames Agar, efq. ot the Inner-Temple, ‘parrifter at law, to Mrs. Fletcher, of Wel- ‘beck-ftrect. At Curzon-ftreet Chapel, Walter Jones, efq. M.P. for Coleraine in Ireland, to Mifs Catharine Iremonger. At St. James’s, Mr. Sloper, of Pall mall, to Mifs Maria Baker.—The Rev. William Ward, refter of Mfile-end, neer Culchefter, to Mifs Hammeriley, eldeft daughter of Tho- mas Hammerficy, efq, of Pall-mall.—B. W. Ottley, efqg. to. Mifs Zachary, of Aneley- houfe, Worcetterfbire. At St. Georze’s, Hanover-fquare, Captain John Harris, of the Royal Navy, to Mifs Williams, eldeft daughter of the late Nicho- Tas W. efq. of Berwick Caftle, Wilts.— J. Knight, efg.. of Lea Caftle, Worcetterthire, to the Honourable Mifs Winn, .eldeft daugh- ter of Lady Headley.—Rofs Mahon, efq. of Caftlegar, county of Gaiway, Irciand, to Mifs Diana Baber, daughter of Edward B. efg. of Park-ftreet, Grofvenor-fquare. ‘Richard Van Heythunfen, efg. of Guild- Yord-ftreet, to Mifs Price, of Great James- ftrect. At Hackney, Mr. M. L. Merac, to Mifs E. Manning, daughter of Richard M. efg. At St. Pancras, Captain Upton, to Mise Walton. At Camberwell, Thomas Bush, efy. of Wandfworth, to Mifs H. Brown, daughter of Timothy B. efg. of Peckham Lodge. At Mary-le-bonne, Major Daniell, of the goth regiment, to Mifs Mary Faft, daughter of the late Edward E. efg. of Jamaica.— Henry Judis, efg. to Mifs Adderley. S.C. Brandram, efq. of Size-ianc, to Mifs Styan, daughter of Thomas S. efq. of Clap- m. “ ' At Tottenham, Mr. George Edmund Shut- tleworth, of Auftin-friars, io Mifs Ann Mel- lith Thompfon, daughter of John T. ef. Thomas Symonds, efq. of the Temple, to Mifs Frances Barlow, of Frederic’s-place, Old Jewry. DIED. At re ee the Rev. Alexander Cleewes, \eturer at Knightibridge chapel, At Edmonton, William Knowlys, o/7. 83. Marriages and Deaths in and near London. 37% { At her apartments inthe Royal Hofpital, Greenwich, Mrs. Smirk, widow of the late Captain James S. of the royal navy. In Gray-ftreet, Blackfriar’s-road, Captain W, Fergufon, many years an elder brother of the Trinity Houfe, go. At his apartments in Kenfington Palace, the Rev Seth Thomplon, 71. At Brompton, Lady Temple, reli& of Sir Richard ‘femple, bart. of the Nath, in the parith of Kempfev, Worcefterthicc. In South Charlotte-ftreet, Captain R. Man- land, of the Stirling militia At Stoke Newington, AL/s Hoare, daughter of Jonathan H. efq. At Pimlico, Fobn F. B. Gortfobed, late Lieutenant-Colonel of the 60th regiment of foot, and Infpeétor of Dutch troops, 48. In York-place, Adrs. Sawhricge, reli of JebnS efg. of Olantigh in Kent. At Hoddefdon, “fasmes Efdaile, efq. 85. In Berners-ftreet, Méis. Merriet €o/lins, wife of J. Collins, efq. At his brother’s heufe in Bitliter-fquare, George Defoorough, jg. agent-victnaller to his Majeity’s fleets en the Leeward-Ifland ‘tation. At the houfe ef Paul Orchard, efq. in Cheflerfield-ftr.et, his nephew George Pauley Buck, ef7. of Daddon, Devonthire, 23. George Peters, efg. eldeft fon of Mr. Peters, the banker, of Park-ftreet, and Captain George Clarke, of the reyal navy.—-Mr. Peters, Cap- tain Clarke, and Mr. Hoare, went on board Mr. Hoare’s failing-boat, with an intentiog to proceed to Gravefend. The boat got aground off Woolwich, when Captain Clarke, attended by Mr. Peters went in a fmall boat, with a rope, for the purpofe ef tewing her afloat. This they effe@ed ; but on their re- turn Mr. Peters unfortunately rifing in a hurry, upfet the boxt. From the ftrength of the current, the fatling-boat could render them noaflittance. Mr. Peters, whowe«s-un- able to fwim, was fupported by Captain Clarke, until the latter becanie exhautted, and was fecn gradually to fink. A boat at Jength put off to their affiftance, but ere it could reach the fpot, they beth funk to the bottom. The bodiesemained four hours un- der water before they were found, which ren- dered medical aid ufelefs. Captain Clarke was avery gallant officer. He commanded in the Egyptian expedition the Braakel, of 64. guns, which was afterwards ftationed to sie tect the faétory at Smyrna. He was highly inftrumental in faving the lives of 350 of our wounded foldiers brought from Egypt, whora he attended with the greateft care. In Bithopfgat -‘treet, Mr. Thomas Cooke, 90. At his chamvers in Clifford’s-Inn, Thomas Dogherty, efg of the Honourable Society of Gray’s Inn, an eminent fpecial pleader, and editor of the laft edition of the ‘* Crown Cir cuit Companion.” AtCheiter-place, Lambeth, H. R. Larpenty ¢/q- ve Fryer’s-place, Acton, Mrs. Rubbs, 722 3Az At 372 _ At Iflington, after along and painful ill- nefs, which the bore with exemplary forti- tude, Mrs. Gates, aged 67. In child-bed, of a ftill-born fon, in her 26th year, aie enduring, for fixteen days, with uncommon patience, fortitude, and refig- nation, the moft excruciating and inceffant pain and torture, the removal or relief of which defied the united fkill and efforts of feveral of the moft eminent of the faculty, Irs Sarah Baote, wiie of Mr. John B. fur- geon, &c. of Theobald’s-road, Red Lion- fquare ; a truly worthy and amiable young lady, whofe early death, in the prime of youthful life, andin the enjoyment of the utmof domettic happinefs and human felicity. is unafteétedly regretted by the fmall circle of real friends to whom fhe had endeared herfelf by the dffe€tionate warmth of her friendthip, and the integrity and chearfulnefs of her dif- pofition and manners, On the 13th of March, 1796, then in her 16th year, the embarked at Gravefend for Ireland, to refide with her fa,her, Mr Grindley, then furgeon of the Devon and Cornwall regiment of fen- cibles, ferving in that kingdom, but now furgeon, &c. in Martham-ftreet, Weitminfter. - Mery early in the morning of the 2oth, the brig Diamond, Captain Killar, on board of which the was a paffenger, was captured in the Channel by Le Coureur, a French brig ; ' but, providentially, about nine o'clock the fame morning, while in full fail for a French prifon, his Majefty’s hip Porcupine, Captain Draper, hove in fight, and recaptured the Diamond, with the French brig ; and, after giving the neceffary fecurity for the payment of the cuftomary falvage-duty, Captain Kil- lar was permitted to proceed on his voyage to Cork, where he arrived the next day. Mrs. Boote was in Ireland during the whole of the date rebeslion'there, but chiefly refided in the fouthern and weftern parts (over a great part of which fhe had travelled), where the ex- cefles committed by the mifguided and deluded infurgents were lefs violent than in the northern and eaftern parts ; and returred to England in July 1802, and refided with her father till her marriage, Jone 4, 1803. Her remains were interred in the church-yard of St. Bride’s, Fleet-itreet. At Brighton, Mrs. Crouch, late one of the chief ornaments of Drury-lane Theatre, whofe beauty and t-lents have been a fubject for admiration and praife to every poet and critic for he laf five and twenty years. She was the daughter of Mr. Phillips, a folicitor, who mixed with his profeffiona! purfuits a re- gard tor the fine arts, and who was the author of feveral pamphlets, which attracted conii- derable notice. Mifs Phillips, at an early age, dijplayed fuch powers of voice, and fuch a natural tafte for mufic, that he determined to cultivate the talent, for it was not. then the fafhion to obtrude on the public the bantlings of the nurfery. ' Mifs Phillips made her firit appearance in her eighteenth year, in 1780, Deaths in and near Londons [ Nov. 1, 5 in the charaéter of Mandane. ance was that of a meteor. It dazzled from excefs of brilliancy every {peétaror. Nothing was fpoken of, and nothing liftened to, but the exquifitely beautirul Mifs Phillips ; and certainly a more captivating form, more fimple and unafteéted manners, more graceful and yet timid deportment, never appeared on the ftage. She poffeffed the mot feduétive ex- preffion without the confcioufnefs of beauty, and with the moft glowing firmnefs and tone of health fhe blended the fineft delicacy of ation. Her fuccefs was unbounded. She made a fort of epoch in the theatre, and was purfued and idolized by the town. She paffed over to Ireland in the fummer, and was equally a favourite there. In an evil hour fhe gave her hand toa Mr. Crouch, a mid- fhipman, whofe thowy perfon and addrefs won her firft affections. They were married at Twickenham church; and in that union the found nothing but mifery. Still retaining all the attractions of her perfon, {till the favou- rite of all who had eyes and ears—fattered, befiezed, and perfecuted, by the higheit and moft {plendid gallantry, it was not to be won- dered at, that, with the fecret load upon her heart of ill-ufage at home, the fought for hap- pinefs with the moft dazzling and illuftrious of lovers. She feparated from her hutband on the occafion, but made him a provifion to which he was not entitled by his conduét.— The peculiar charater of Mrs. Crouch, as a performer, was, that fhe joined talents, almoft in an equal degree, which are rarely to be met with in the fame perfon; fhe was equal- ly good as a lyric artift ana as an actrefs ; fhe was egually fuperior both as a finger anda {peaker ; and fhe was the only heroine of the Englifh opera who had the addrefs in the dia- logue to keep up the impretion and influence which her fong had made. It was a rare and peculiar excellence, for it belonzed to herfelf alone. For fome years paft her fine powers have yielded to indifpoition,.and with the prudence which good fenfe always di€tates, fhe retired from her profeffion. Her refigna- tion in her laft illnefs was moft exemplary.— She was told that her rec: very was beyond the power of human /kill. She then called to her bedfide her friends, told each of them what fhe wifhed to be done aiter her deceafe, and concluded by befeeching that they would think of it no more, but leave her to the re- fignation of a contented fpirit. She died in her 44th year. In the Downs, on his sic home from the Eaft Indies, Mr. Robert Arbuthnot, who was principal fecretary to the Hon. Frederick ~ North, governor of Ceylon, but obliged to quit his ftation from an ill ftate of health.— His fitter, Mifs Arbuthnot, was three days waiting at Dartford for his arrival, and apart- ments were prepared in town for him, his wife, and daughter. This gentleman was coufin to our Breda Minifter at Conftanti- nople. tf 4? Her appear~ 1805.] At his houfe in Great Titchfield-freet, Mr. William Byrne, a diftinguithed landfeape- engraver, 62. He was educated under an uncle, who engraved heraldry on plate; but having fucceeded in a landicape after Wil- fon, fo as to obtain a premium from the So- ciety for the Encouragement of Arts, it was regarded as the precurfor of talent of a fupe- rior order, and he was fent to Paris, at that time the chief feminary in Europe for the Study of engraving, for improvement. In Paris he ftudied fucceffively under Aliamet and Wille, from the former of whom he im- bibed the leading traits of that ftyle of en- graving which he afterwards adopted as his own. Under the latter he engraved a large plate of a form, aiter Vernet ; but the ma- nual dexterity or Wille was alien to his migd, and probably contributed not much tv his im- provement, though he always fpoke of Wille’s inftruGtions with refpeét. When he returned to England, the fuccefs of Wool- lett. as a land{cape engraver, had fet. the fafhion in that department of the art; but Byrne, difdaining to copy what he did not feel, perhaps {corning the influence of fafhion in art, preferved the independence of his ftyle, and continued to ftudy, and to recom- mend to his pupils, nature, Vivakes, and the beft examples. of the French fchool.— His larger performances are after Zuccarelli "and Both , but his principal works (contain- dng probably his bef{ engraving), are the An- tiquities of Great Britain, after Hearne; a ‘fet of Views of the Lakes, after Farington ; and Smith’s Scenery of Italy. His chief ex- cellence confifting in his aérial perfpedtive, _and the general effect of his chiars-ofture, he was more agreeably and more beneficially em- ployed in finifhing thanin etching, and hence he generally worked in conjunction with his pupils, who were latterly his own fon and daughters. His manners, were unafluming, his profefiional induftry unremitting, and his moral character exemplary. He feldom went from home, but lived in the bofom of a nu- merous and worthy family. At his apartments in South-ftreet, South Audley-ftreet, of an apoplectic-fit, in his 734 year, Hugh Frazer, efy. We had been tutor, to the eldeit fons of feveral diftinguifhed perfons, with each of whom he refided on ‘the Continent during a confiderable time 5 particularly the fon of the late worthy and in- genious Dr. Roebuck, his early triend and pa- tron; the Jate Lord Polworth, fon of the accomplifhed Earl of Marchmont,. one of the friends and executors of Pope ; and Lord Clive, now Earl Powis; who individually evinced that cordial efteem and refpect for Mr. Frazer ‘which an able and confcientious difcharge of the various duties of his fituation fo juftly ‘merited. Atthe hofpitable manfion of Lord Marchmont he was always received as a wel- come vifitor apd zuct, The letters of the : Deaths in and near London, 373 late Lord Clive, who correfponded with Mr. F., prove how highly that nobleman appre~ ciated his worth and talents. He was a2 man of placid temper and unaffuming man- hers, of ftrong and comprehenfive mind, and poffefied an ample ftore of valuable know- ledge. ‘ In St. George’s Fields, 24r. Samuel Bef, the famous pretended prophet. He died at theage of 90 years, and had been for many (thirty or forty) years well known in London by the appellation of Poor He/p. During the latter part of his life he had frequently shifted his refidence, and had very cunfiderably decreafed in his fame as a prophet. About fifteen years ago he was in Shoreditch “workhoufe, where he occupied a ward, which was dedicated to the exhibition of a great number of works executed by himfelf in ftraw. The fubjeéts of thefe works were taken from different paf- fages of feripture-hiftory. In the middle-of the room there was a whimfical reprefenta- tion of a broad and narrow way, &c. The prophet hada bed in a corner of the ward, furrounded by afort of ftraw checquered work, and he fat by his bedfide ona chair, from which he delivered his oracular difcourfes on the charafters and fortunes of numerous indi- viduals wlio at that time flocked to fee and hear him. He had acquired a recolle€tion of a vat number of paflages. from the Bible, which he repeated fuitably to the, perfons who lifened to him, and few who attended went away without perceiving fomething fu- pernatural about him. He made no ufe of books, and was highly offended at the produc- _tion of any, afferting that his faculty in quote ing was entirely the efteét of infpiration, or of communication to him from the Angel Ra- phael. The number of hts vifitors in the days or his fame was aftonifhing ; and among them were fome perfons of high diftin@tion of both fexes. Money he affected to fcorn; but there was generally a very convenient matron at the door for the purpofe of collection.— His impolture of lunacy gained fo much on the public, that fome clergymen vifited:him frequently, and took confiderable pains in pamphlets to endeavour to expofe the abfur~ dity of encouraging him: He is now, how~ ever, gone from this mortal fcene, perhaps ‘the laft of the prophets ;” but on his grave fome of the children of credulity are placing a ftone, infcriked ** Here lics Poor Help !” to fhew that, at leait, it fhall not be faid of England, ‘* a prophet hath no henour in his own country.” g [Farther particulars of Dr. De Valangin, ‘whofe death is mentioned in vol. 19, p.279.—~ Francis-Fafeph-Pabud De Pulangin, ‘M.D. of the College of Phyficians, London, &c.,’ was ‘born at Berne, in Switzerland, about the year 1719 or 1720, and ftudied phyfic at Leyden under the celebrated Boerhaave. Though educated in this line of life, it was not origi- nally 374 hally his intention to follow it asa profeffion, his connexions* having led him to look for Sdvancement in a different career. Towards the end of George the Second’s reign, he kiffed that King’s hand on receiving fomevdi- plomatic appointment to the Coutt of Madrid ; but on the retreat of his patron from adminif-~- tration, about the fame time, Mr. De Valan- gin declined the intended honour, and foon after recurred to medicine, which he thence- forward adopted as a prefeflien, and fixed his abode in Soho-fquare. In 1768 he publifhed <¢ A Treatife on Diet, or the Management of Human Life, by Phyficians called the Six Nornaturals,” &c. 8vo. Having removed to Fore-ftreet, Cripplegate, he foon acquired a very extenfive addition to his praétice. About ¥77z he purchafed fume ground near White Conduit-fields, and ereéted on it a houfe extenfive in its conveniences, but fanciful enough in conftruction, being built on a plan laid down by himfelf. To this fpot he gave the name of Hermes Hill. Pentonville had not then begun to be built ; and this was almoft the only dwelling near to the {pot, except White Conduit-houfe. His pur- fuit of allthe branches ef knowledge con- need with his profeflion was fedulous in the extreme ; and the refult was, a difcovery of feveral fimple preparations which he found of great fervice in particular cafes ; one of which, named The Baljam of Life, he prefented to Apothecaries-Hall, where it is ftill fold with his name. Befides his diploma from the Royal College of Phyficians of London, Dr. De Valangin had, unfolicited, received others from Scotland, Holland, and Switzerland.— For fome favour conferred (but what we do not Iearn), he was prefented by the worfhip- ful company of Loriners with the livery of that corporation, and twice ferved the office * His mother ftood in fome degree of rela- tionfhip to the Prince of Orange. Northumberland and Durham. ~ [Nov.1, of mafter. By his fir wife he had three children, of whom two fons are ftill living, and a daughter died at nine years of age, who was buried by her father’s directions in his garden at Hermes Hill. He married, fe- condly, about 1782, the widow of an emi- nent furveyor and builder, who had recover- ed 1cool. for breach of promife of marriage from a perfon who had made her that offer, but broke his word. She was a native of Shering, in Effex ; and her fifter married and furvived Mr. Sandford, brewer, of Newing- ton. Dr. De Valangin had a particular taite for mufic and painting ; in the former art he was not an unfucceisful performer ; and, if we miitake not, has left behind him fome re- marks on the theory of compofition. His paintings, which formed a very choice collec- tion, have been ditperfed by fate, according to the directions of his will, Though far advanced in life, Dr. De Valangin’s end was haftened, or perhaps prematurely brought on, by an accident. On the 2d of January laft, alichting from his carriage at Hampftead, the ground being frofty, he flipped and fell 5 and, though net immediately confined in confe- quence, fuftained an injury that he predicted would fhorten his life. This predi¢tion was verified on the 1{t ef March, after four days confinement to his bed, on the 3d of which he ruptured a blood-veffel. He was interred in a family-vault in Cripplegate church, to which the remains of his daughter before- mentioned had been removed the preceding day. Asaphyfician, he was kind and confo- latory in the extreme, and beloved by his pa- tients of every clafsand degree. ‘To thofe in the humbler walks of life, it was his conftant cuftom to regulate the acceptance of his fees by their prefumed ubility to afford them 5 and the poor were always welcome to his gratui- tous affiftance. Ina word, Dr. De Valangin wes the friend of mankind, and an honour tg his profeffion. ] PROVINCIAL OCCURRENCES, WITH ati tHE MARRIAGES anv DEATHS ; Arranged geographically, or in the Order of the Counties, from North to South. * 6* Authentic Communications for this Department are always very thankfully received. EE NORTHUMBERLAND AND DURHAM. "THE tolls of the iron-bridge at Sunderland were lately let at 2,08ol. being an ad- vance of gool. on the former year. The agricultural fociety for the county of Durham, at their late meeting held at Dar- lington, adjudged and paid the following re- wards, viz~-To Mr. Luke Seymour, of Woodhonfe Clofe, near Bifhop Auckland, for the bet heifer, five guineas —To Mr. Ro- bert Thornton, farmer, near Darlington, for the beft tup, five guineas.—To Thomas Al- derfon, for having maintained, educated (to read and write), and placed in fervice, the greateft number of legitimate children (eight) without any affiftance froin his parifh, four guineas. Married.] At South Shields, Mr. William ~ Bone, merchant and fhip-owner, to Mrs. Mar- fhall, reli€&t of Mr. Curhbert M. , At Newcaftle, Mr. Chriftopher Liddell, clerk to Meffrs Surtees and Co. to Mifs Mary Ann Rebinfon, of Carville.—Mr. Jamefony butcher, to Mifs Neal.—Mr. Wilby, brandy- merchant, to Mifs Margaret Bailey. At Durham, Mr. Rs Darling, to Mifs Swinburn, eldeft daughter of Mr. S. of Red Briect.—Mr. Middleton, to Mifs Lumley. a ae 1805.] At Sunderland, Mr. John Beft, to Mifs Margaret Williamfon. At North Shields, Captain G. Hann, to Mifs Tate. ' At Jarrow, Dr. Winterbottom, of South Shields, to Mrs. Wardle, of Weiftoe. At Haltwhiftle, Mr. Thomas Elliot, fur- feon, to Milfs Elizabeth Batey, fecond daugh- ter of Mr. Robert B. of High-Town, wine- merchant. Died.] At Newcaftle, Captain Harcup, of the royal engineers.—Mrs. Embleton, wife of Mr. Robert E.—Mrs. Armftrong, wife of Mr. A, fhip-owner,—Mr Andrew Sutton.— Mrs. Brown, wife of Mr. Jofeph B. butcher. At Durham, Mr. Martin Brown, currier, 74—Mrs -Pearfon, wife of Mr. Robert P. cutler.—Mr. Englifh, baker, 54.-—Mr. Wm. Hutchinfon, formerly a cabinet-maker, 57. At Shield Field, near Newcaftle, Mrs, Kidd, mother of Mr. John K. 102. At the Abbey Mills, near Morpeth, Mrs. Blair, mother of Mr. Thomas B. 73. At Eflington, near Whittingham, Mrs. James Chifholm, gardener, 33. At Hawkhill, near Alnwick, Mr. John Briggs, 77. The Rev. John Collinfon, vicar of Kirk- Harle, 43. At South Shields, Mr. Matthew Rovt- ledge, pilot. ~ At Berwick, Mr. George Smith, many years proprietor of the lime-kilns, at Mag- dalen-fields. At North Shields, Mr. Jofeph Taylor, 25. CUMBERLAND AND WESTMORLAND. Applications are intended to be made to parliament for acts for inclofing the commons and wafte grounds in the lordfhip of Bolton, in the parifh of Morland, in Weftmoreland, for building a bridge over the river Eden, at or near the village of Bolton, from the parifh ef St. Michael Appleby, otherwife Bongate, to the oppofite fide of the river in the parith{of Morland, and for repairing, altering, and wi- dening the roads leading to Bolton—for incloi- ing the commons and wafte lands in the parifh @f Manor, of HolmeCultram, inCumberland— for bridges to be built over the rivers Efk and Mite, at or near the fords in the parifhes of Muncafter, Drigg, and Waborthwaite—for Tepairing, widening, and altering the road, commencing at the guide poft at the top of Stanwix-bank, near Carlifle, and extending from that place to the north end of the village of Weitlinton, and for ereéting a toll-houfe and bar for the levying of toll on that road. _ Propofals have been publithed for eftablith- img an agricultural fociety at Workington, the fubfcription to which fhall not exceed one Guinea, nor be lefs than five fhillings each mem- ber.: The following premiums have been pro- pofed for the prefent year: —To the cottager who, without any parochial affiftance has brought up the largeft family with refpeéta- bility, five guineas —To the male fervant in hufbindry, or to the female fervant in he Cumberland and Weftmoreland. 375 like occupation, who fhall have continved the Yongeft time in their refpetive fervices ; and , who,fhall have conduéted themfelves in the maft exemplary manner, two guineas each.— Tothe ploughman who fhall, in the fhorteft fpace of time, plough a certain quantity of ground in the moft workmanlike manner, (to be fixed upon in Mr, Curwen’s farm) the fum of two Guineas. If more than three ftarty the fecond-beft to have one guinea; if more than four, ros. 6d. for the third.—To the perfon wha fhall have made the beft and moft complete ftack of corn or hay, one guinea.—To the perfon who fhews the beft two years old heifer, in the hands of the breeder, five guineas :—for the beit boar, two guineas. The premiums are to be confined to the parifhes or towofhips of Workington, Harrington, Diflington, Dean, Seaton, Flim- by, Broughton, Dearham, and Camerton, except members of the fociety, who are en- titled to become candidates for any of the prizes. From the numerous fubfcriptions already received, the fociety is enabled to add the following premiums to thofe already offered :—Five guineas for the beft bull, in the hands of the breeder, or warranted to be for the public ufe, within the diftriét for the next twelve months.—-Five guineas for the. beft cart horfe, four or five years old, in the hands of the breeder. It appears from the report of the Work- ington and Harrington difpenfary, that the number of fick poor, admitted to the bene- fits of that inftitution, in the twelve months ending the 18th of September 18c5, are: —Patients recommended and regiftered, 339 —midwifery cafe, 1—trivial incidents, 50— total, 390. State of the regifter—cured 325, relieved 1, dead 7, remaining on the books 6—total 339. The numbers admitted, fince its inftitution, gth of May, 1796, are:—Patients recommended and re~ giftered, 4304; midwifery cafes, 28; trivial incidents, 250; total 4552. Of thefe q160 have been cured, 22 relieved, 2 incurable, x irregular, and 112 have died. It is in agitation to build by fubfcription a bridge over the river Wamph, at a place called Howe-Wath, near Whitrig-lees, in the parifh of Aikton, in this county, If this plan be carried into effe&t, which is much to be defired, the place alluded to being very dangerous to ford, as it abounds in quickfands, it will be of very great im- portance to the public at large. : Marrted;| At Brampton, Mr. H. Bell, of the Black Dub, to Mifs Armitrong, of the Globe inn. At Wetheral, Mr. Thomas Wannop, of Holmefs, to Mifs Robfon, of Great Corby. At Cockermouth, Mr. Wm. Scamper, tin- man and brazier, to Mifs Clarkfon, daughter of Mr, C. excife-officer, of Whitehaven, At Brough-by-Sands, Mr. Adam Scott, of Workington, captain of a veffel in the coal trade, to Mifs Mary Wilfon, of Wei End- At 376 {chool-matter, to Mifs Raven, of Greyfoult ren.—Mr. Thomas Clementfon, tobacccnift, to Mifs Chriftian Kelly. H. E. Roberts, efq. of Wavertree-hall, to Mifs Burke, daughter of Robert A. Burke, efq. of Gertnamona, county of Galway. Mr. Jofhua Hadwen, to Mifs Harrifon, of Moft-hill, near Kendal. At Afkham, Weftmoreland, the Hon. G. Carleton, caprain inthe gth regiment of foot, to Mifs Henrietta King, eldeft daughter of Edward K. efq. of Afkham hall. At Penrith, Mr. Chriftopher Martin, of Liverpool, to Mifs Mary Murthwaite. At Carlifle, Mr. John Cumpfon, cabinet- maker, to Mifs Eliz. Graham.—John Hen- derfon, efq. of Shap, to Mifs Halton. Died.] At Brampton, very fuddenly, Mr. Heétor Tinling, formerly a butcher there, 73. At Wigton, Mr. Benjamin Bell, furgeon. At Longtown, Mr. Charles Napier, eldeft fon of Mr. N. fhoe-maker, 27. At Buttermere, where he had refided fome years, Francis Lamb, efq. of Maynooth, Kil- dare, Ireland, 34. At Breckonthwaite, in the parifh of Cum- sew, Cumberland, Mr. James Atkinfon. 72. —Mrs. Wood, reli of Mr. Jonathan W. At Wavertree, Mr James Sudell, attorney at law, 74. At Kefwick, Mifs Rebecca Tyfon, 30. At Wefco, near Kefwick, Mr. Jofeph Whitehead, 29. At Whitehaven, Mrs. Rigg, wife of Cap- tain R. of the fhip Nelly.—Mrs. Eleanor Milborn, widow, 89. At Workington, Mr. James. Yeoward, af- fiftant to Mr. Simpfon, furgeon, 24.—Mrs. Bowman, relict of Mr. Henry B. 72. At Cockermouth, Mrs. Greene, 72. At Clofe, in Embleton, Mrs. Margaret Mealls, 72. At Horne, near Kendal, the Rey. J. M. Freeman, late of Wakefield, 53. At Allby, the feat of Walter Chambre, efq. near Carlifle, Mrs. Prefton, wife of Nathaniel P. efq. of Dublin, and daughter of Richard Ledger, efq. of Whitehaven, 25. At Rofe Trees, near Longtown, Mr. John Wright, fon of Mr. Thomas W. 20.1 At Longtoun, Mr. Robert Graham, of the Globe inn, 27. : At Penrith, Mrs. Ann Nicholfon, 67. At Carlifle, Mrs, Pearfon, wife of Mr. P. currier, 60. At Slack-houfe, near Kefwick, Mr. Jofeph Slack, formerly a faddler of Cockermouth, and father of Mr. Hugh S. of Laurence-lane, London, lace-merchant, 37. At Kirby-Lonfdale, Mr. James Grundy, woollen-manufaéturer, 48. YORKSHIRE. At. a general meeting of the Cleveland agricultural fociety, held at Stokefley, on the sth of Odtober, the following premiums were ig ork/hires At Whitehaven, Mr. Benjamin Linen adjudged :—To Mr. Thomas Robinfon of [Nov. 1, Acklam, as the occupier of a farm in the beft condition, and most fkilful ftate of culti- vation, a filver cup, value ten guineas.— To William Leng, of Wilton, for having re- claimed and brought into the heft ftate of cultivation, the greateft quantity of wafte land, four, guineas —To Mr. |. W. Parring- ton, of Ormefby, for the beft crop of drilled beans, two guineas.—To Mr. Richard Wat- fon, of Hilton, for the beft crop of red clover, two guineas.—Ditto, for having laid down ta grafs, the greate(t quantity of land for paf- ture in the beft manner, and cleaneft from weeds, and fown with white clover and grafs feeds, two guineas—To Thomas Wilkinfon, efq. of Stokefley, for the beft crop of drilled turnips, two guineas.—To Mr.-Wm, Dodds, of Up-leatham, for the beft crop of Scotch cabbages, two guineas. —To Andrew Irvine, efq. of Skelton, for the beft cow in calf, three guineas. —To Mr, James Appleton, of Middlefbrough, for the beft two years old heifer in calf, two guineas ——To Mr. John Pierfon, of Linthorpe, for the beft two years old fteer, two guineas.—To the Hon. Lav- rence Dundes, tor the belt pen of one-fhear gimmers, three guineas—To Mr. Jofeph Garbutt, of Linthorpe, for the beft pen of one: fheer wethers, three guineas.—To Philip Smith, of Lofthoufe, a labourer in huibandry, for having brought up and maintained the greateft number of legitimate children, with the {ma!left parochial relief, three guineas. —To James Parker, of Upleatham, fervant in hufbandry, for having lived the greateft number of years in one perfon’s fervice, or his reprefentatives, two guineas.—To Mary Green, of Litthe Ayton, fervant in hufbandry for the like, two guineas. Ata meeting of fubfcribers and others at the fchool of induftry in Doncafter, the 4th Odober, to tale into confideration the pro- pofed alteration for the future eftablifhment of that inftitution, viz. ‘¢ to lodge, board, clothe, and educate twenty poor girls,” it was agreed that the plan would be defirable, provi- ded that benefactions adequate for the furnith- ing of a houfe, and alfo additional fubfcriptions to the amount of at leaft rool. per annum for its fupport, could be procured. A general meeting of the fubfcribers will be held im the month of January to determine whether the intended plan can be carried into effect. Applications are intended to be made tp parliament for agts—for inclofing the com- mons and wafte grounds within the townthip of Langthorpe,‘in the parifh of Kirby-on- the-Moor, commonly called Kirby-hill—for inclofing, draining and improving, the com- mons and wafte grounds in the refpective townfhips and parifhes. of Skelbrooke and Kirk Smeaton, in the weft-riding—for the mote effeétually improving the drains, banks, cloughs, outlets, watercourfes and works of drainage ;.and alfo for making new works of Weinaee and embankments,, iny over, and nporn ——— oy j 1805.} dork bite. upon certain low lands, commons, wattes, and inclofed grounds, fituate, in and adjacent to the level of Hatfield Chace; and for in- corporating the participants and land-owners within the level, into a body corporate, and for empowering them to raife money upon their refpective eftates in the faid level, by taxation from time to time, for making, al- tering, improving, and fupporting the works of drainage and embankments upon the faid lands ; and for appointing officers and fervants for executing the works, independent of, and without the controul or intermeddling of the commiffioners of fewers for the level of Hat- field Chace and parts adjacent, in the coun- ties of York, Lincoln, and Nottingham. At the firft annual meeting of the Otley affociation, for improving the breed of cattle and theep, held on the 4th of O&ober, pre- miums of gold medals were adjudged to the following perfons :—Sir Henry Carr Ibbetfon, for two year old heifer; Mr. N. Richardfon, ditto; Sir Henry Carr Ibbetfon, for one year old heifer; Mr. William Dawfon, ditto; Mr. John Gilling, for two year old bull; Mr. Thomes Beanland, ditto; Mr. Thomas Park- er, for one year old bull; Mr. N. Richard- fon, ditto; Mr. Robert Dawfon, for two year old fhear tup; Mr. Raiflrick, ditto; Mr. Hartley, for one fhear tup; Mr. Raiftrick, for one thear tup lamb; Mr. Hartley, ditto ; Mr. Dan. Forfter, for one gimmer lamb; Mr. joteph Dawfon, ditto; Mr. Raiftrick, for one fhear ewe; Mr. John Dawfon, ditto; Mr, Raiftrick, one two fhear !amb; Mr. John Dawfon, ditto. Married.| At Bridlington, Richard Ren- nards, efq. to Mifs Middleton, daughter of Thomas M., efq. At Doncafter, Nathaniel Bryan Hodgfon, efq. of Brafferton-hall, in the north-riaing, to Mifs Jemima Eleonora Sowerby, youngeft daughter of Major-General S. At Leeds, Mr. Charles Harrifon, of Ripon, attorney, to Mifs Charnock.—Mr. Jofeph Tryer, jun. of Raftrick, near Halitax, to Mifs Ann Jowett, daughter of the late Mr. Jofeph J. woolftapler. At Knarelborough, the Rev. T. H Coles, A. B, (nephew to Sir Thomas Huffey Apreece, bart.) vicar of Honington, Lincolnthire, and domeftic chaplain to Lord Saye and Sele, to Mifs Harriet Brooke Oliver, of Wigmore- ftreet, London, At Cawthorne, Mr. J. D, Skelton, of Shef- field, to Mifs Thorp, eldeit daughter of Sam. T. efq. of Banks hall. At Fingall, near Bedale, the Rev. Kingf- man Bafket, mafter of the Charter-houfe, Hull, to Mifs Bourne, daughter of ithe late Rev. Jofeph B. _ At York, Mr. Thomas Stodhart, jun. to Mifs Holgate. At Scarborough, William Moorfom, efq. to Mifs Lifter, daughter of R, H. Lit- ter, efg——Mr. Benjamin Fowler, fupervi- for of the cuftoms at that port, to Mifs *\Montury Mac. No. 135. 877 Smith, daughter of Mr. William S. thip- builder. Died] At Hull, Mrs. Alice Wray, a maiden lady, aunt to John W. efq. banker, 78.—Mifs Sarah Grey, 26.—Mils Dewitt, daughter of Mr. James D. fhip-owner, 20.— Mr. John Wood, late a butcher.—Mr, John Peckton Hendry, late cafhier to the cuftoms of that port, 43 —Mr. Allifon Robfon, fon of the late Mr. R. of Catterick-Bridge.—- Mr. William Apellard, butcher.—Mr. Tho- mas Afhlin, late of the Crown public-houfe, Dogger-lane. At Hayton, near Pocklington, Rudfton Calverley Rudfton, efq. 67- At Cottingham, Mr. Michael Beilby, fore merly of Hull, merchant, 83. At Grimfby, Mrs. Bennett, wife of Mf. James R. of Herkftow Grange. At Ojbaldwick, near Hull, Richard Bore, efq. 62. At Barmby Dunn, Wm. Fores, efq. 77- At New Malton, Mr. Thomas Myers, flax - dreffer, Jo. At North Dalton, Mifs Binnington, daugh- ter of Mr. Wm. B. 21. At Howden, Mr. James Thwaites, faddlery Jo. At Lower Blacker, near Barnfley, Mrs. Mary Tweedale, wife of Mr. Wm. T. late of Bretton, near Wakefield, 67. At Oulton, near Leed;, on the day on which the completed her rooth year, Mrs. Garrand, relict of the late Mr. Garrand, for- merly a refpeGtable and opulent Lifbon mer- chant, but the greateft part of whofe pro. perty was fwaliowed up by the dreadful earthquake which deftroyed that city in1755. On that fatal occafion, Mrs. G. was alarmed by a violent fhaking of the room and of the cheft of drawers in which fhe was depofiting fome of her hufband’s linen. She inftantly fled out of the houfe, and efcaped deftrution, after having the affi&ting misfortune to fee a beloved fon and daughter overwhelmed ia that tremendous convulfion. She then re- turned to England, and having foon after- wards loft her hufband, retired to Oulton, where fhe has ever fince refided. This re= {pectable old lady retained her mental faculties unimpaired to the laft. F At Seacroft, near Leeds, Mr. Mawfon, traveller for the houfe of Mr. Spence, of York, droggift. A few days previous to his death, he was overtaken by a heavy fhower of rain, and not having ufed proper precau~- tion, he took a fevere cold, which produced a pleuretic fever, and terminated the life of a very promifing young man at the early age of 22. At Headingley, Benjamin Newfom, efq. captain of the 17th regiment of native in- fantry, in the fervice of the Eatt India com- pany. At Horbury, Mr. Jothua Dickenfon, farmer and maltiter. Ar Leeds, Mrs. Bean, mother of Mr. B. of, 5B the 378 the Buckram-houfe, at the bank.—Mr. Ayr- ton, wife of Mr. A, foirit-dealer—Mrs. Reed, mother of Mr. R. merchant.—By the rup- ture of a blood veffel, Mr. Sykes, fpirit- merchant. _ &t Ripon, Mifs Atkinfon, daughter of the late Wm. A. efq. At Wakefield, Mrs. Scott, reli& of the Rev. Mr. §, vicarof Batley and Ardfley, 80. —Mrs. Hours, wife of Mr. H. gardener, go. At Afenby, Mr, Fawdingtan, 34. At Heath-hall, near Wakefield, fuddenly, Win. Fauquier, efq. a gentleman diftinguifhed by the franienefs of his difpofition, the liberal- ity of his heart, and the retitude of his prin- ciples, 71. At Old Park, near Wakefield, Mr. George Tifor. At Street Gaps, near Bradford, Mrs, Stead, reJi&t of Mr. Benjamin S. 24. At Beverley, Mifs Crawford, ‘17.—Myr. Lorgbone, of the White Swan inn, 61 At Rootham, Mrs. Livefey, of York, re- 1iét of Ralph L. efq of Livetey, Lancashire. At York, Mr. John Hill, of the Acorn public-houfe —Mr. Wm. Robinfon, formerly an ironmonger, and late clerk to Mefits. Kilby and Shaw.—Mr. White Benfon, wine- merchant. At Halifax. Mr. Jofeph Stead, many years landlord of the Punch bowl inn.——Mr. Emery, formerly of the Angel inn.—Mr. Robert Hartley, late in the employ of Mr. Jenkinfon, of the Talbot inn. At Whitby, Mrs. Mary Waters, 73. At Bridlington, Mr. James baron, formerly .ahatter, of that plac, 64. At Whitby, Mrs. Kobertfon, wife of the Rev. Jofeph KR. Having been in a declining ftate of health for fonie weeks pafl, a reti- dence in the country was on the point of being engaged for her. One morning, how- ever, fhe aroie about feven o'clock, not worie than ufual, and had reached the breaktatt parlour; where finding herfelf fudeenly in- difpofed, fhe placed herfcir upon the fopha, and calling the maid, would not permit her to quit her fide for the pu:pofe of procuring any other afiiftance. In this iituation the ex pired in the courte of a tew minutes; the reft of the family, who were in a different part of the houle, being in total ignorance of the melancholy event which had taken place. LANCASHIRE. At meeting of the Lancaiter agricultural focivty, held on the roth October, the fol- lowing premiums were adjuoged:—To kd- mund Rigby, eq. of Grange, for improving the greate(ft quaniity of land by walled drains, a filvercup, value five guinces—To Vhomas Harling) oi Lva, fora timiiar improvement,.a filver cup, value five guincas.—To Thomas Lawlon, of Cockerham, ior the beft crop of hay-grats of the firft year, on grounds laid down with grafs-feeds, a filver cup, value tince guincas.—-To Thomas Yond, cfg. of Lancafpire. —s £4 Ere ©* ' [Nowy Over Kellet, for the greateft quantity of paf- ture land of the firft year, on grounds laid dowa with white clover, a filver cup, value three guineas.—To Mr. William Hargreaves, of Bulk, for the greateft quantity of early potatoes fold in Lancafter market previous to the 15th July laft, a filver cup, value three guineas.—To John Ball, of Quermore, for the beft crop of turnips, a filver cup, value three guineas —To George Wright, efq. of Hornby Caftle, for the beft crop of cabbages, a filver cup, value three guineas —Vo Leonard Willan, of Hornby, for the belt crop of win- ter potatoes, a filver cup, value three guineas. —To John Ayrton, of Weft-hall, for the beft general {tock of cattle, a filver cup, value five guineas. —To George Wright, efq- of Hornby Cattle, for the beft long-horned heifer, a filver cup, value three guineas.— To Robert Watfon, of Borwick-hall, for the beft long-horned bull, a filver cup, value five guineas—-To William Sanderfon, efq. of Hining, efq. for the beft two years old ram of the improved Lowland breed, a filver cup, value three guineas,—-To the Rev. James Stainbank, of Scale-hall, for the beit five ewes, two years old, of the improved Low- land breed, a filver cup, value three guineas. —-T'o George Newfham, of Bolton, for the greateft number (ten) of legitimate children brought up without parift relief, two guineas. —The thew of cattle on this occafion pro- mifes the happieit confequences, particularly the exhibition of theep, which was much more numerous and valuable thanin any pres ceding year. In addition to the exhibition for :he above premiums, fix different fweep- ftakes were fhewn for and adjudged. They are again entered for next year, with two ad- ditional ones of a guinea each for two year old colts and yearlings; all of which are left open to fubferibers till the next Odtober meeting. Indeed the many Leneficial effe&s of this inftitution from the praife-worthy emulation of the. candidates, become more confpicuous every year: and the report of the infpetors of the general progrefs of improve- ment in the cultivation of the country, will, it is hoped, be an inducement to the land- owners and men of opulence in the diftriét, who are not yet fubfcribers to lend their aflift- ance to fuch a laudable undertaking. Married }. At Liverpool, Mr. P. Forrett, Purfer of the Mondovi, to Mils Croft.—Mr. John Taylor, watch-maker, to Mifs Mary Jones.—Mr. fofeph Yates of the cuftoms, to Mifs Morgan —Mr. John Rigby, of Wigan, to Mifs Margery Rutter. At Walton, John Groome Smythe, efq. of Worfield, Shropfhire, to Mifs Ann Parke, daughter of Thomas P. efq. of Highfield- houte.— The Rev. Robert Mayow, of Bath, to Mifs Harding, daughter of Mr. Wm. H. of Liverpool. 70.3 Ar Blackburn, Mr. Hayhurft, linen-draper, to Mifs Eccles, daughter of Mr, E. of Lower Darwen, 20 MAC 1805.] - At Lancafter, John M*Donald, efg. of Dumfries, to Mifs Eliza Norris, of Prefton. This young lady ina phrenzy of mind at a reproof received from her father, was about to plunge into the canal, when tie above gentleman providentially pailing that way, in- quired the caufe of fuch rafhnefs, and being anfwered ingenuoufly, took her into his car- riage, made honourable overtures to her, and has married her. At Manchetter, Mr. C L. Ellenthorpe, of Pendleton, to Mrs. Bedford, of Salford. —Mr. Charles Watfon, to Mifs Ann Diggles —Mr. John Wood, to Mifs Runcorn,x—Mr. William Clarke, to Mifs Purner.—Mr. Jofeph Wat- fon, to Mifs Charlotte Ramfden. At Rochdale, Thomas Gore, efq. to Mrs. Kerhaw. At Bolton, Mr. Thomas Bedford, furgeon, to Miis Mary Fowler. » Died.j At Prefcot, Whifton, 52 eAt) Ormfkirk, Mr. Richard Jeffreyes, liquor-merchant, 46 At Aughten, Mr. John Platt, rope-maker, late of Liverpool, 48. At Longton, near Prefton, Mr. John Nor- ris. -/At Halewood, George Wainewright, efq. At/Stretton, near Warrington, Mrs. Jack- fon, widow of Mr. John J. At Warrington, Jane Gregg, a poor woman at the uncommon age of 116 years. At Liverpool, Mr. Lionel Special.—Mr. Richard Dobb, merchant, zo-—Mr. John Wm. Clofe.—Mr. John Ellis —Mr. {ohn » Johnfon, brewer —Mr. Jobn Nightingall, 53. —Mr. John Bowden.—Mr. Anthony Brown, fon of Mr. john B. merchant, 17. AvBlack Cattle, near Lancafter, Mrs. Bow- man, wife of Mr. Richard B. » At Carimel, Mis. Roy,.66. At Fulwood Moor, near Prefton, Mr. Jas. Trebay, many years fteward to John Heatley, €fq of Barton-lodge. At Lancatler, Mrg Parkinfon, wife of Mr. Jofeph P. linen-draper. At Prefton, Mrs. Clayton, wife of Mr C. . Jate of the Golden Ball. At Manchefter, Mr. Samuel Faulkner.— Mrs, Harper.—Mr. Vhomas Duncalf, 34 —= Mrs. Mois, reli¢t of Mr John M. 81.-—Mr. Jobn Sandiford, 40.—Mr. Knapp. On his way to Chefter fair he was thrown from his horfe, and furvived the accident oniy a quar- ter of an hour.—-On the fame night, Mr. and Mrs, Newberry, of Clowes-ftreet: borh of whom were Letween 80 and go years of age. Milfs Baldwin, of CHESHIRE, Married.| At Chefter, Mv. Wewcombe, orgasift of Ruabon, to Vils Spence, daughter _ of Mr. S. one of the chorifters of the cathe- _dral. At Aftbury, Dr. Stein, of Conyletan, ta Mrs, Clubbe, widow of the late Dr. C. Che fhire—Derby/bire—Nottinghamphire. 379 At Great Budworth, Thomas Widders, efq. to Mifs Mary Peacock, daughter of the late Bailey PB. efg. of Seven Oaks. : At Peover, the Rev. ‘William Terril, of the ifland of Barbadoes, to Mifs Sarah Hige ginfon, daughter of the late Mr, Jonathan H. of Peover. At Shotwick, Mr. Watts, furgeon, of Dunham, to Mifs Rae, daughter of the Rev, Mr R. curate of the former place, Died.| AtChefter, Mr. Adams late land+ lord of the Canal Boat houfe at Eilefmere Port.—Mrs. Mytton, relict of Richard M, efq- barriiter at law. Mr. Chorlton, a refpe‘table farmer of Shotwick near Cliefter. He was found dead ina field at Sutton He was fubjeét to fits, and had been at Thornton the preceding day to fee his daughter, who accompanied him on his way home to within a few yards of the ficld where he was found, end then left him apparently in good health. VV At Tarvin, near Chefter, Mrs. Cawley, wife of Mr. C. fadler. At Sandbach, Mr. Thomas Turner, 67: Mr. Manlove, infpeGor of veflels riding at quarantine at the port of Hoylake. He was returning from his duty ina boat, and rofe up forthe purnofe of aflifting the men in rowing, but had no fooner touched the oar than he fell backwards and immediately ex- pired without uttering a word, DEREYSHIRE. Marvied.| At Athborne, Mr. Jolin Lay- land, of Manchefter, to Mifs Pals. At» North vingfield,, Mr, W. Jepfon, of Mansfield, to Mifs Watfon, of Tupton. At Swaerkffone, Mr. Palmer, furgeon, Loughborough, to Mifs Grime, daughter of the Jate Mr. G of Swark(tone Lows. Died.] At Derby, Mrs. Wilfon, reli@& of Thomas W. cfg. 76—Mr. Anthony Cock, eldeft fon of Mes. C. currier, 21.—Mrs. Hare rifon, widow of the late Dr. H. 77. , At Buxton, Mrs. Ryiend, wife of Mr. Wm. R. of Birmingham, 65 At Cockthutr Hall, near Derby, Mr, James Beard. At Brailsford, Mrs. Haynes, wife of Mr. John H. qr. NOTTINGHAMSHIRE. Died] At Matterfey Hill, John Barker, efq. gr- ’ At Newark, Mr. Biggs, mafter of the Crofs Keys public houfe. At Qxton, the Rev. Mr. Rogerfon. At Clumber, Mr. John Marfon, 72, who, for fifty feven, yeays, had beld various ime portant offices under three Dukes of Newcals= tie, with great credit, reputation, and ho- nour. re was a man of the ftnétet inte- gvicy, and for his yarioug good qualitics was beloyed and efleemed, not only by tie do. meftics at Clumber, but by every perfon who had the pleafure of his acquaintance. The improvements at Clumber, under his fole in- 3 B2 {pection, 380 fpeétion, will be a lafting memorial of his real and genuine tafte, in converting a bar- ren and unproduétive foil into an abfolute Pa- radife. Itis worthy ofremark, that onthe day of Mr Marfon’s funeral died John Taddle, aged 81, aturnfoit to the Dukes of New- caftle ever fince Clumber was eftablifhed, The poor old man for fome years had been inc«pabie of following his ufualemployment ; but, in confideration of his paft fervices and upright behaviour, has received every pofii- ble fuppore and comfort from the prefent Duke cof Newcaftle and his mother. At Nottingham, fuddenly, Fielding Beft Fynney, efq. furgeon, the laft fon of Samuel and Sarih F of Fynney, in the county of Stofford. He was lineally defcended from John Baron Fenis, hereditary conitable of Dover Cattle, and lord warden of the Cinque Ports in 1983. None ever furpaffed, and tew équalied him as an affeétiona’e huiband, ten- der parent, and benevolent neighbour, Bis literary and profefiional talents are man‘feRed in the Med cal and Philofophical ‘Commen: taries, Philofophical Tranfactions, Gentle- man’s Magazine, &c. and in 1787 he was éleG@ed a member of the Medical Societv.— Suddenly, Mr. Miller, an ingenious” mill- wripht — Mr. Richard Gregory Storks, 34. At Beaconfield, ©. Cotclough, efq cornet in the Newark troop of Nottinghamfhiie vo- lunteer cavalry. At Southwell, Mr. George White, many years a draper and mercer of Bingham, 90 At Beeffon, near Nottingham, Milfs Hen- rietta Whitehead, daughter of the late Mr. W. of Minefield LINCOLNSHIRE From a ftatement of the patients under cure at the Difpenfary of Louth, between Jon 15, 18°4, and June 13, 1805, it ap- pears thet 116 have been diicharged cured, twenty three relieved, one incurable; twelve” havesied, ane fifty one remain under cure.— Total 202. : Marred.| At Stamford, Mr, Grafiwell, of the fforns public-houle, to Mrs. Glenn, wi- . dow of Mr. Robert G. At Gainfberougsh, Mr. John Terry, of Huy, fhip owner, to Mifs Bellamy. The Rev William Broadbent, of Billing- hal, near Tatterthali, to Mrs. Fowler, of Lincoln. Mr. Cox, fheriff’s officer of Lincoln, to Mrs. Dickinfon, of Burgh in the Marih. At Eaft Kiikoy, Mr. Swinn, to Mrs. Ter- race. ‘ “At Bollingorooke, Mr. Hiarrifon, drefler, to Mrs. Vurner. ~ Died.] At Lincoln, Mr. Collinfon, at the Reindeer inn.—Mr. Patl Parnell, furgeon ans apothecary, 67 —Mr. William Wright, jotuer, late manager at the Affembly Rooms, -Above-hiil. ~ {° At Gainfborough, Mr, Rogers, publican, flax - Lincolnfhire.—Leicefterfpire. [Nov. Ip 42.—Mr. Duncan Cooper, 62.——Mr. Wil- liam Tomlin, chair-turner. At Carlton, Mrs. Jackion, wife of Mr. J. farmer, 37. . At Helpringham, Mr. John Prefgrave, druggift. At Louth, the Rev. James Bollon, A. M. rector of Kelftern, 54.—-Mr, Thomas Hob- fon, maltfer, 46..—_Mifs Holdfworth. At Haugham, Mr. Pearfon Cartwright, an opulent farmer and grazier, 31. At Saxilby, Mrs. Metcalfe, wife of Mr. Zachariah M. farmer, 60. At Raithby, near Spilfhy, Mr. Overton, lateof Belleau, near Alford, farmer, 74. At Horncaftle, Mrs» Atkinfon, wife of Mr. Robert A. farmer, of Bleefby, near Mar ket Raifin. At Market Raifin, Mifs Coppin. | At Great Barton, Mr. James Froft, many vears rider and ftud-groom to Sir Charles Bunbury, bart. AtEdenham, Mr. John Steel, fenior, late ‘of Scuttletborpe. At Gretford, Mrs. Roden, 57. At Toynton, Mrs. Anderfon, wife of Mri William A. LEICESTERSHIRE. A very refsectable meeting of the inhabit- ants of St. Margaret’s, Leicefter, was lately held for the purpofe of taking into confidera~ tion the expediency of eftablifhing a charity- ichool inthat parifh. ‘The fum of 2zooh was immeciately lubicribed towards the under- taking, The late fale of breeding ewes of the new Leicefter kind, belonging to George Penrice, eiq. was attended by many refpedtable breed- ers from difterent parts of the kingdom. It was univerfally allowed by competent judges, that one huadred fheep fo generally good were never brought to the hammer 5 nor can any inftance in the annals of breeding be pro- duced by which the prevailing opinion of the firit breeder this kingdom once had to boaft (the late Mr. Bakewell) was fo ftrongly cor- roborated. It was the regular practice of Mr. Penrice to hire his rams of Mefirs. Stunes, without objecting to confanguinity, which was Mr. Bakewell’s firft principle ; and there is no doubt that if this fyftem were more gencrally attended to, the breed of theep would be brought to greater perfection. Married] At Hoby, the Rev. Gilbert Beresford, rector of Bedworth, Warwick- thire, ana of Saxilby, in this county, to Mifs Browne, only daughter of the Rev. Henry B. rector of Hoby. Died.] At Beeby, Mrs. King, wife of Mr. Jonathan K, ‘ At Burton Overy, Mr. Athby, 45. At Loughborough, Mr. R. Shuttleworth, 54 —Mrs. Rarrs, wife of Mr. Walter B. At Leicefter, Mrs. Price, wife of Alder- man P, STAFFORDSHIRE, —— ete es ditto ditto, two guineas. 18055] STATFORDSHIREL At “the late meeting of the Staffordfhire gricultural Society, held at the Swan Inn, Lichfield, a great number of premiums for ‘cattle were adjudged, nine of which, exclu- five of {weepftakes, were obtained by Mr. Meek, The following premiums were alfo given to labourers in hufbandry :—To John : Makin, for 52 years fervice wirh Mr. Mat- thew Parkes and his father at High Onn, in the parith of Church Eaton, three guineas.— To Thomas Willot, for 46 years fervice with John Smith and prececeflors at Longdon, two suineas.—To Thomas Nahh, tor 50 years fer- Vice with the late and prefent Mr. Gilbert at Cotton, three guineas. —To John Startin, for 45 years fervice with the late and prefent Mr. Levett of Wichnor Park, two guineas. — To John Deakin, for rearing thirteen chil- dren without parochial affiftance, three gui- neas.—To John Booth, for rearing eleven In the courfe of the afternoon the following bets were made, viz. Mr. Baylifs undertook to fhew a Here- ford bull againfta lung-horned bull io be produced by Mr. Meek at the next meeting at Lichfield, in July 1806, for one hundred guineas. Mr. Crofs alfo betted twenty gui- neas againft the Hereford bull. _ Married.| At Sandf{worth. Mr. Thomas Rhodes, of Upper Stamford ftreet, London, to Mifs Hodges, daughter of John H. efq. of Soho.—The Rev. Charles Bortereli Haw- kins, LL.B. fellow of All-Souls, Cxtord, and vicar of Lewknor, Oxfordfhire, to Mifs Maria Bratt, of Snow Houvfe, At Hanley, in the Staffordfhire Potterics, Mr. Job Meigh, jun. manufacturer of earth- enware, to Mifs Mellor, daughter of the late Mr. Wiiliam.M, At Tamworth, the Rev. Townfend, to Mifs S. Wr ght. John Haynes Mr. Jofeph Pitt, of Walfall, to Mifs Eliza’ Bennett, of Dudley At Lichfield, Mr. Jager, one of the vicars- choral of the cathedral, to #/ils Smith, grand-daughter of the late Mr. Saville —Mr. George Wilday, to Mils E. Paine. At Alftonefield, Mr. William Billinge, 25, to Mifs Hannah Wheldon, 15. On the morning of their wedding the happy couple walked fifteen miles in thrie hours and a half. Died.) -At Lichfield, Mr. T. Wayle Wright, affiftant-furgeon to the Lichfield vo- Junteers, and a few days afterwards his mo- ther, Mrs. W. reli€&t of William W. gent. al- derman of that city. At Newcaftle-under-Line, Mr. Warring- ton, butcher. At Stafford, Mrs, Bentley, formerly of London. WARWICKSHIRE. At the anniverfary-meeting of the gover- nors of the Birmingham General Hofpital, it appeared frons the report prefented by the Staffordfbire.~-Warwickpoire, 881 2uditors, that, notwithflanding the donations and legacies which are continually adding to the funds of this excellent charity, at ssid fummer jaft the treafurers were 3281. 8s..1d4. inadyance, chiefly owing to the arrears of the annual fubfcriptions. The Committee reported that premiums had been given, fince lait year, to feyeral perfons far, delivering from imminent danger of drowning, gr re- ftoring to life when apparently dead, thirteen of their fellow-creatures ; and they earneftly recommended that all perfons would hong up in their houfes and fhops the printed Direc tions (which may he bad, gratis, at the Hof- pital) for the Recovery of thofe apparently dead from Drowning, Suffocatiqn, or other Accidents. A new prifon and public offices for the convenience of the magiftrates, the accommo- dation of the town, and the more tranguil and private conveyance of prifoners, are about to be ereéted in Moor-ftreet, Birmingham.— The firft ftone of this neceffary and important undertaking was lately laid by the high- bailiff. At a general annual meeting of the fub- feribers tothe Sunday-fchools at Birmingham, the treafurer’s report of the monies received and expended between the 1ft October, 18045 and the rit October, 1805, was prefented — From this it appeared tiat the total of the receipts and balance on hand amounted té 2581. tos. 2d. and of the difburfements to 2531. 9s. 6d. leaving a balance of 41. 108. Sd. ‘The number of children now educated in thefe {chools is rr00. It is therefore ear- neftly recommended to the fubfcribers and the public to exert their bef efforts for an immediate improvement of the funds, in or= der that this inftitation may not only be fups ported on its prefent fcale, but that its ims portant advantages may be extended in pro- portion to the demands of this populous town. Married] At Birmingham, . John Anderton, to Mifs Ffabe!la Waldron.—Mr Joha Thomas, of heey orth, to Mifs Mary Shaw. At King*s Norton, My. George Palmer, of St. james’s-ftreet, London, to Mifs Mary Ann Gill, of Baiiali Heath, youngett caugh- ter of the Jace Thos. G. efq. of Birmingham. At Warwick, Mr. Thomas Lloyd, mer- chant, of Birmingham, to Mifs Sufannah Whitehead, daughter of Mr, John W. banker, of the former place. At Exhall, Mr. John Webb, of Alcefter, to Mifs Keynolds. Died | At Birmingham, Mr. John Hodg- fon, jun. merchant, 23.—-At Mr. Hobday’s, Mrs. Mary Hobday, of Feckenham, 59.— Mrs. Wheeler, wife of Mr. Robert W.—Mr. Dowler.—Mrs. Buckerfield, wife of Mr. Tho- mas B.—Mr. John Hill, gilder.—Mifs Of- borne, of Showell-green. — Mr. Benjamin Parkes, fa€tor.—Mr. Richard Lawfon, of the Waggon and Horfes.—Mr. Richard Evans, a member 382 member of the loyal Birmingham volunteers. —Mrs. Tolley, wife of Mr. T.—Mr. Shen- ton, fheemaker. At Wednefbury, Mr. Samuel Danks, 79. At King’s Norton, Mr. William Carr- wright, eldeft fon of Mr. Thomas C. engi- neer, 17. At Ludington, near Stratford upon Avon, Mr. John Pickering. At Edgbafton, Mr. J. Harrifon, a refpeét- able farmer, 63. At Allefley Park, near Coventry, Mrs. Neale, relict of John N. efg. At Buxton, Mrs, Ryland, wife of Mr. Wil- Viam’R. of Birmingham, 65. At Stratford‘upon Avon, Mifs Eafthorpe. At Coventry, Mrs. Payne, wife of Mr. P. malifter.—Mr. AlWierman Carter; é SHROPSHIRE. Applications are intended to be made to Parliament for inclofing all the commons and wafte lands in the townships of Dudlefton, Jfton Rhyn, and Wefton Rhyn, in the pa- rifhes of Ellefmere and St Martin, and within the manor of Traian ;—and for inclofing the commons and wafte-lands in the manor and townthip of Seaton, in the parifh of St. Mary, Shrew fhury. Lord Berwick, underitanding it to be the wifhoof the parifhioners to make fome im- provements in the body of the abbey-church, Shrewsbury, by putting up a window of ftained-gla{s at the eaft end, over the commu- nion-table, and by erecting an organ of fuit- able dimenfione for the fervice of the church, has expreflzd his intention of contributing one hundred pounds towards both thefe ob- jects ; adding, at the fame time, that if both could not be undertaken at prefent, he was defirous of providing, at his own fingle coft, for the ftained. window over the communion- table. The eftimare of the expence, accord- ing to the beft calculation that can be made, is, for the {tained window, sol. and for the organ, gocl. The falary of an organift can be provided for out of the funds of the arith, Without any forther affiftance. Married.| At Shrewibury, Mr. William Hudfon, mercer, to Mifs Margaret Pugh.— Mr. T. Bray, of Welfhpool, to Mifs Lane. Died.] At Shrewfbury, Mrs. Mitton, wife of Mr. M —-Mrs. Davies, wife of Mr. D.— Mrs. Penelope Seddon, widow of Mr, Samuel S.' attorney, of Liverpool, and youngeit daughter of the Rev. Griffith Evans, former- ly vicar of Lianfainsffraid, in the county of Montgomery.—Mr. Price, landlord of the White Horfe Inn. At Stoke upon Tern, George Corbet Cot- ton, efq. third fon of the Dean of Chetter, 23, At the Ile Farm, near Shrewlbury, Mr. Jofeph Gittins, fon of Mr. G. At Henwood, Mr. Theophilus yourgef fon of Mr. B. miller. At Cheney Longville, Mr. Marfton, Blower, Stropfhire—Worcefter pire —Herefordpbire “Ag [Nov. 1, At the Old Park, Mr. Moe Lane, grocer. At Cloverley, near Whitchueeh, John Dod, efq. At Minfterly, Mr. E. Green, a member of the Shrewfbury corps of yeomanry, ° WORCESTERSHIRE. Married.] At Great Malvern, Mr. Tho- mas Hamilton, to Mifs Bowen, ~ Mr. S. Burden, of Worcetter,’ to Mifs E, Roberts, daughter of the late Mr, R. of White Lacy Afton. At Worcefter, Mr. Mann, of the Tything, to Mifs Margaret Dent, of Sidbury. John Willan, efg. of Kenfwick, to Mifs Smith, daughter of ‘the late Mr. S. of Brook- houfe, Herefordthire. Died] At Worcefter, Captain Hardcaftle, of Bath. This gentleman had only arrived on Saturday from Malvern, in the company of a friend, ‘with whom he'was walking up Broad- freer when he was feized with an apopleétic-fit 5 he was immediately convey+ ed to an inn, where he expired. —~! n\ the Tything, Mrs Radcliffe, 78.—in St. John’s, Mr. Jofeph Williams,-~Mr. Corbett, of the Hare and Hounds Inn. ‘In confequence of a fail from his horfe, as he was returning from Droitwich to Worcef- ter, Captain J. Bird, of the 96th regiment, 22. At Shipfton on Stour, Mr, Richard Parry, auGioneer, and mafter of the Bell Inn, 60. At Powick, Mrs, Dorrell, widow of ‘Mr, D. formerly a “coach nialcers of the Fything, adjoining to Worcefter. At Wolverton, Mr. Humphry Emus, far- mer. At Great Shilfley, Mifs Holt, daughter of Mr. Richard H. At the New Inn, on the Omberfley road, Mr. Sampfon Manley. At Upton, Mifs Mary Sher! fecond daugh- ter of the late Mr. Wm. S, At Sanfom Fields, near Worcefter, James Chriftie, efq. formerly a captain in the firft regiment of royal dragoons. At Clifton, Mrs. Baylis. At Lenchwick, near Evetham, Mr. Harris. HEREFORDSHIRE. The Herefordthire Agricultural Society was more numeroufly attended on the 19th of Oober than on any former occafion.— Among other eminent ‘graziers and breeders were noticed A. Lechmere, e/q Mr, Pefter, from Somerfethhire, Mr. Weftcar, &c.— Nearly one hundred head of two and three year old heifers were exhibited. Marricd.] At Wefton, Mr. Matthews, currier, of Rofs, to Milfs Parker, eldeft daughter of Mr. P. paper-maker, of Bilk- Mills. Died.| At Hereford, Mr. William Under wood, fon of the Rev. Richard U.—Mrs. Webb, wife of Mr. W. flax-dreffer.—At the honfe of the Rev. Theophilus Lane, Mrs. Elizabeth Gainfborough, 65.—Mr. Raven- : hill, va - 1805.) Glouce/ter fhire.—Oxfordpire.—Northamptonpire, &e, 3988 Ahill, one of the fenior members of the corpo- ration, 69.—Mrs. Mayo, wife of Mr. M. of the Pack Horfe. At Evefbatch Court, William Brewer, gent. At Munderfield Houfe, near Bromyard,’ Jofeph Severn, efq. a gentleman of the moft aétive benevolence, 65, His lofs will be fe- werely felt by a number of families to whom he rendered effential medical afliftance during “upwards of forty years practice in that neigh- bourhood. / GLOUCESTERSHIRE. Wrarried.| Francis Hamilton, efq of Bel- videra, county of Antrim, to Milfs Lucy Reilley, youngeft daughter of the late John R. efq. Scarrow Houfe, county of Down. At Hope Manfel, Mr, Jofeph Rudge, of Wetton, near Rofs, to Mifs Bettam. At Cam, John Vizard, efq. commander of the Durfley Volunteer Isfantry, to Mifs Weight, daughter of the late Daniel W. efg. of Clinger, near Durfley. At Horfley, Henry Moor, efg. of Green- wich, to Mifs Remmington, daughter of John R. eiq. Died.| James Rooke, efq. of Bigfwear- Houfe, a general of his majefty’s forces, colo- * nel of the 38th foot, and member of parlia-*’ ment for Monmouthfhire. The circum- {tances attending his diffolution, afford an awful leffon of the uncertainty of all human enjoyments. He was fporting on the Trel- lick Hills, and had juft fired at a bird, when he fell dead from his horfe in 2n apoplexy !— As foon as the event was made known at Monmouth, by the fervant who attended him, Dr. Bevan and Wm. Powell, efg. fet off immediately to the fpot ; but all the ef- forts of medical {kill to reflore animation, proved ineffectual, The general had repre- fented Monmouthbhire in feveral fucceffive parliaments ; and might be truly ftyled.a gen- tleman of the Old Englith School, being of an ©pen, focial, and moft affable dilpofition ; in the extenfive circle of his acquaintance, no charaéler could be more efteemed or more re- fpe€ted. During the laft war,*he had the sommand of the Severn Diftriét ; on relin- geihing which, the mayor and corporation of ath voted him fome fuperb pieces of plate, as amark of the high fenfe they entertained of his private worth and public fervices. On the return of peace, he retired to his eftate in the country, where he fpent his time in the enjoyment of {ports, and the pleafures of focial intercourfe with the families of fortune in his neighbourhood. The event of his fudden diffolution occafioned equal regret and fur- prife; for, though far advanced in years, he poflefied a confiderable portion of aétivity, and the full ufe of his faculties to the laft period of life. _ At Gloucefter, the Rev. Edward Evanfon, an account of whofe life and labours will be given at large in our next number, | At Nailfworth, Mrs. Mary Deverell, au- thor of a volume of Sermons, Mifcellanies, in profe and verfe, &c. At Cheltenham, David Scott, efq. M. P. for Perth, a gentleman equally refpeéted in the private circle and in the commercial world. At Cromhall, Mr, Robert Ma.klove, 33. At Berkeley, Mr. Jacob Watkins. OXFORDSHIRE. Married.| At Waterperry, Mr. John Right, of Worminghall, to Mifs Neighbour, daugh- ter of Mr. James N. Died.]_ At Ambrofden, Mr. J. King, 74. His lofs will be feverely felt by the poor of that parifh, - At Oxford, Mr. William Hanwell, booke feller, 44. At Broxham, John Councer, efq. $6. At Foreft Hill,. Mr. John Ofmond, NORTHAMPTONSHIRE. Married.|_ Mr, Francis Parfons, of Nor- thampton, to Mrs. Coates, of Barnwell, Died.| At Peterborough, Mr. Bever, con- fectioner. , At Daventry, Mifs Waterfield, only dayghe ter of Mr. W. furgeon, 12. At Chapel Brompton, Mr. Nathaniel Pearce, eldeft fon of Nathaniel P. efg. Ire Uncommon virtue. endeared him to hs friends, and uncommon fufferings reconciled them to his remeval, % CAMBRIDGESHIRE. Died.| At Cambridge, Mifs Watford, eld- eft daughter of the late Mr. Alexander W. land-furveyor.—fofeph Merrill, efg. many years an eminent bookfeller of this place. He poffeffed confiderable property, and dying a bacchelor has left. a great number of lega- cies, among which are the following: To Storey’s charity in the 3 per cents 16671, ; to Addenbrooke’s hofpital for general ufes 2001; tothe fame for ere¢ting iron pallifades in front 300l.; to the charity {chools in Cam- bridge 2c0l. ; to Hoblon’s charity for gene- ral ufes 4001, 5 tothe fame for fencing and fecuring the water-courfe 3001 ; to the pube lic library, the interéf to be laid out yearly in buying books 2ool. 5 to the poor of St. Mary’s the Great in Cambridge 201. perannum for 4 years; to the poor of St. Michael’s rol; All the above legacies, with the exception of the firft, are to be paidin fterling money. At Ely, Mr. John Pond, an eminent boate wright. NORFOLK, At the general meeting of the Norfolk Agricultural Society, held ac Swaffham, the following premiums were voted for the pro- motion of agriculture in Norfolk, A piece of plate, of ten guineas value, to any perjoa who fhall convert the greateft number of acres, not lef> than nine, into water meadow, in the moft complete manner, between july 1805, and July 1806,—-A piece of plate, of five guineas value, to any perfon who thall ‘ convert S84 convert the greateft number of acres, not lefs than five, into water meadow, in the moft complete manner, as above, and fubjeé& to the fame conditions.—A piece of plate, of five guineas value, to any perfon who fhall produce upon his farm, in March 1806, the greateft number of acres, not lefs than ten, of turnips, proteéted and preferved in the cheapeft and beft manner; one fourth of which fhall be carried from the turnip land, and preferved upon land to be fummer-tilled. Notice from claimants to be given in writing, at leaft a week before the firft Friday in 1806. —A piece of plate, of ten guineas value, to any perfon who fhall drain the greateft num- ber of acres, in the cheapeft and moft effectual manner, between July 1805, and July 1806. Notice fromclaimants to be given in writing, at leaft a week before the meeting of the committee previous to the anniverfary in 1806.—A piece of plate, of ten guineas va- lue, to any perfon who fhall have growing in the year 1807, the beft piece of Lucerne, upon not lefs than three acres. Notice from claimants to be given in writing, at leafta week before the firt Friday, 1807-—A piece of plate, of ten guineas value, to any perfon who fhall have growing in the year 1807, the beft piece of Sainfoin, upon not Iefs than twenty acres. Notice from claimants to be ¥iven in writing, at leat a wtek before the Meeting of the committee previous to the an- niverfary in 1807.—A piece of plate, of five guineas value, to any perfon wno fhall have growing inthe year 1807, the beft piece of Saintoin, upon not lefs than ten acres. No- tice to be given as in the lait premium.—To thofe perfons who thall produce, at the gene- rel meeting in February, 1806, three of the beft fhearling wethers, fed with vegetable food only, of the Leicefter, Southdown, or Norfolk breeds; for each three of the re- fpeGtive breeds, being the beft in competition, apiece of plate, of feven guineas value; or being the fecond belt, or without competition, of five guineas value. Application is intended to be made to par- Hiament, for an act for the better lighting, paving and watching of tke city of Nor- wich. Married.] At Lynn, Mr. John Buffham, grocer and craper, of Methwold, to Mifs Rayner, daughter of the late Rev. Wm. R. vicar of Calthorpe. Mr. Johnfon, farmer, of Thurning, to Mifs Fakenham, of Heydon. At Norwich, Mr. W. Clarke, fhoemaker, to Mrs. §. Langley.—Mr. Jofeph Turner, to Mifs Ann Young.—Myr. Heafell, baker, to Mifs Sarah Hardelty, fecond daughter of Mrs. H. of Sco Rufton.—The Rev. Mr, Hunt, to Mrs. Butler, of Ealton. At Seething, Charles Thompfon, efq. of Bergh Apton, to Mifs Juliana Kett, young- eft daughter of Thomas K. efq. At Tafburgh, Mr, Wm. Brown, farmer, S. druggift, of Norwich. At Duniton, Mr. Robert Englith, to Mifs S. Brandford. 4 Died.| At Swaffham, Mrs. Payne, wife of Captain P. of the 24th regiment. At Wereham, near Stoke Ferry, Mrs. Mary Harvey, widow of Mr. Edmund H. grocer and draper.—Mrs. Sherman, relié& of the Rev. Rowland §. and laf furviving daughter of the late John Howes, efq. of Mourningthorpe. At Difs, Mrs. Whaite, of the White Horfe Inn. At Sprowfton, Mr. Robert Jackfon, 80. At Fakenham,’ Mrs. May, widow of Mr. James M. poltmatter of that place, At Norwich, Mr. T. Buttifant, hairdreffer, 47.—Mrs. Mary Forder, 65.—Mr. R. Heig- ham, linendraper,—Mr. Thomas Ivory, ftone- mafon, 39. At Ludham, Mr. John Ruft, maltfter, He was feized with an apopleétic fit, ina plough- ed field near his houfe: he fell in fuch aman- ner, as to fill his nofe and mouth with mould, and died before any one could render him af- fiftance ; he was twenty-fix years of age, and on the eve of marriage. At Hempnali, at Mr. Thirkettle’s, Mrs. Hickfon. At Waterden, Mrs. Hill, mother of W. M. Hill, efq. At Thetford, Mr. Thomas Naylor.—Mrs, Cracknell, widow of Mr. Robert C. for- merly an eminent butcher. At Hetherfet, Mrs. Eliz. Nath, wife of Mr. Wm. N. farmer, €5. At Hellefdon, Mifs Elizabeth Clements, of Holt, eldeft daughter of the late Mr. John C. of Norwich. SUFFOLK. Married.} - At Sudbury, Mr, Thomas Walter Horder, of Manfell ftreet, London, to Mifs Strutt, daughter of William S. efq. Txt Bury, Mr. Samuel Oidman, of the Fox Inn, to Mrs. Manning, late of the Tollgate Inn. Mr. John Rollinfon, farmer, of Stanning- field, to Mifs Ann Plume, daughter of Mr P. of Stansfield. : Mr, Wm. Buck,’ upholfterer, of Beccles, to Mifs Page, of Hardwick. Richard Waring, efg. of Edwardfton Grove, to Mifs Anna Warner, third daughter of John W. efg. of Edwardfton Houle. Mr. J. Crifp, merchant, of Beccles, to Mifs Prentice, of Bungay. Died.| At Eeccles, Mrs. J. Carpenter, a maiden lady, 89. At Chillesford, the Rev. Mr. Mortimer. At Harlefton, Mr. Robinfon, of the Crown, 70. At Gazely, Mr. Ambrofe Ruffle, farmer, 70. At Norton, Mrs. Clayton, wife of Mr.C. furgeon, [Nov. 15 to Mifs Stacy, eldeft daughter of Mr. George : 1805.) nv , ' furgeon, and daughter of Peter Chambers, ‘efq. of Bury. | At Bexfors, Mrs, Wynne, wife of Mr, W. furgeon. *At Ipfwich, Mr. J. Crawley, late in the Eat India Company’s fervice.—Benjamin ‘Ruffel, gent. ~ ’ At Bury, Mr. Charles Brown, butcher. d ESSEX, The noblemen and gentlemen affembled at the late affizes at Chelmsford, having taken into confideration the abfolute neceflity of Providing better accommodation for thofe “who attend to tranfa& the bufinefs of the county, as well as the public at large, re- - folved that a commodious hotel or inn fhould ‘be built in Chelmsford, and that in order to obtain a fufficient fund for that purpofe, a tontine fhould be opened to raife the fum of $000l. in fares of sol. each. As foon as the fubfcription is full, a committee is to be ap- pointed from among the fubfcribers to conduct the bufinefs. Married.] At Rochford, Mr. Henry Mat- tocks, coach-mafter, to Mrs. Warner, Mr. James Livermore, of fJuneville Cot- tage, Little Baddon, to Mifs Ann Spurgeon, daughter of Mr. Wm. S. of Hatfield Peve- rel. W.Coxhead Marfh, efg. of Park Hall, to Mifs Sophia Swaine, of Caftle Hedingham. Mr. Wm. Bulwer, linen-draper, Romford, te Mifs Joflin, daughter of Mr. John J. late Of Billericay, John Wyatt Lee, efq, of Maldon, to Mifs Dunkin, daughter of John D. efq. of Wood- ham Mortimer. ' Died.] At Colchefter, Mr. Francis Maf- ker, chemit. At Harwich, Mr. Bacon, of the Queen’s _ Head inn, after an illnefs of 23 years. He dropped down on his bed while drefling him- _felf, and immediately expire®. At Plefhey Lodge, Mrs. Mathams, At Ford Place, Stifford, Zachariah Button, efq. a magiftrace for this county, 65. At Saling, Mrs. Leapingwell, widow of JohaL. efg of Chelmsford. At Terling Place, William, youngeft fon of J. H. Strutt, efq. M.P. for Mal- don. At Bramford Hall, Mrs. Aéton, relié of Nathaniel A. efq. At Sudbury, Mr. Samuel Spring, fen. crape manufacturer, 69. At Inworth, Mrs, Paxton, relict of Dr. P. ef Maldoz, At Prittlewell, Mrs. Rennefon, $1. - KENT. Married.| At Boughton Monchelfea, William Wilkins, efq. to Mifs Tomkin. At Lower Hardres, Mr. G. Elwyn, at- torney at law, of Canterbury, to Mifs Ann ‘Terry, daughter of Mr, T. of Harmanfole. At Wickham, Mr. Perkins, of Willes- borough Court Lodge, to Mifs Champion, of Groves, Montary Maa, No. 135. Effex—Kent. 885 At Canterbury, Mr. A. Trottman, to Mifs Eliz. Ratcliff. a At Rochefter, Francis Lott, efq. of Box- ley, to Mifs Eliz. Green, of Stockbury. At Sittingbourn,, Mr. D. Chapman, watch- maker, of Hythe, to Mifs Elliott. Jofeph Newell, efq.:affiftant fire mafter of the Royal Laboratory, Woolwich, to Mifs Frances: Maria Hindman, niece to Richard James, efq. of Ightham Court Lodge. At Ramfgate, Lieutenant Rowland Moneys of the Royal Navy, to Mifs Maria Money, daughter of the late Wm. M. efq. of Wale thamftow. At Speldhurft, Mr. John Nath, bookfeller, of Tunbridge Wells, to Mifs Booker, of Ram’s Hill, Petersfield. At Wingham, John Briggs, gent. to Mifs Sarah Marth. Died.j At Tenterden, Mr. Thos. Winfer; 40.——-Mrs. Samfon, wife of Mr. Thomas S, 76. _At Boughton Monchelfea, Mr. W, Mare tin, At Snodland, John May, efg. At Dover, Mr. M. Hedgcock, 73.—Mr. W. Morris, 72.—Mrs. Pafcail, wife of Mr. ° John P. thipwright, 34. At Staplegate, Mr. John Forfter, car penter. At Canterbury, Mr. Charles Eafiman, baf- ket-maker.—Mrs. Jezzard, of Broad Oak. At Stone Caftle, Jobn Talbot, efq. At Deal, Captain Francis Martin, barrack- mafter.—The eldeft fon of Mr. William El- win, grocer, 17. At Longport, Mrs, Mary Spindler, only furviving daughter of the late Alderman S. of Canterbury, $5. At Brompton, Mr. Ambrofe Bryant, for- merly a purfer in his Majefty’s navy, whofe many years faithful and. active fervices, acquired him the efteem of the different com- manders under whom he ferved ; and the re- gard and refpe€t of all thofe with whom he affociated in his nautical fituation, 82. At Hawkhurft, Mr. Thos. Young, young- eft fon of Mr. Y. furgeon. At Hellingbourn, Mrs. Peckham, reli& of Richard P, efq. 68. At Boughton Place, Ingram Rider, efq. At Lenham, Mrs. Sharp, wife of Mr. S. of the Dog and Bear inn. At Butridge Houfe, Plumbftead, John‘ Marumn, efq. At Sandwich, Mrs. Hammond, widow, near Maidftone, 72. At Afhford, Mifs Elizabeth Pulford, r7. At Ramfgate, Mifs Virior. George Grenville Marfhall, efq. of Char- ing. He was out on partridge-fhooting, and reaching over the muzzle-of his gun to gather fome nuts, the piece went off and killed him onthe fpot. He was the fon of the late wor- thy vicar of that place, well known on ac- count of his political fentiments, and alfo as aC the ees 4 i 386 Surrey—Sufex—Hamppire, : wats 1, the author of ce Bimund and Eleonora,” a novel wholly founded on faéts and living cha- raters, SURREY. Died.|_ At Nonfuch Park, Mrs. Farmer, wife of S. Farmer, efq. At Gatton, A. Wood, efq. eldeft fon of Co- Jonel Wood, a fenior cornet of the s1th light dragoons, 45. At Reigate, Mrs. Paul Tatlock, 25. At Streatham, H. Cole, efq. of Bexwell Hail. At Farnham, R. Allen, efq. SUSSEX. Applications are intended to be made to Parliament for the following purpofes :—For paving, lighting, cleanfing, watching, re- pairing, improving, and regulating the roads, Ftreets, lanes, &c. within the borough of Lewes, and the adjoining parithes of St. Tho- mas inthe Cliff, and St. John the Baptift, Southover ;—for making and maintaining a navigable cutor canal, with a fea-lock, from the deep water in the channel of Chichefter harbour to the Upper Southgate Field; and alfo for making a dock, or bafon witha quay, in the above-mentioned field, at the termi- * sation of the intended canal ; and for making a highway from the quay to communicate with that leading from Kingfham farm into the Eaftgate of the city of Chichefter, and another road to communicate with that lead- i, from Del Quay into the Southgate of the ~ fame city ;—for extending the navigation of the river Adur from Binefbridge to Bay- bridge, in the parifh of Weft Grinfted and \ Shipley 5—for inclofing the open and common fields in the parifh of Tellefcomb ;—for in- ¢lofing’ all the common fields and wafte *. grounds in the parifhes of Amberley and Coldwaltham, containing altogether, by efti- mation, about 2000 acres ; and forinclofing the common fields inthe parifh of Angmering. Mr. Augur’s fale of live ftock, at Eaft Bourne, was mott refpectably attended, many of the principal breeders of this and the ad- joining counties, being prefent. As the cat- tle fold were the entire breeding itock of a well known and juftly eftimated breeder, we infert, for the information of our agricultu- ral readers, the prices which the feveral lots brought, with the names of the,purchafers. —A heifer calf was fold to Mr, Langford, « for 6l. res. 5 ditto{te Mr, Denman, $l.as. 6d ; ditto to Mr. Putland, 111. 15s. 3 ditto co Mr. Clapton, r2k, 5 ditto to. Mr,Clapton, 121.108, ditto to Sir C, Burrell, 271. 5 a bull caif to Mr. Elphick, 11). res. 3 ditto to Mr. Shoef- man, 161. , ditto to Mr. Clapton, 351. 5 a yearling heifer to Mr. Denman, 12i.; ditto to Sir J. Dyke, 161. 5s..5 ditto to Sir J. Dyke, 161.3 ditto to Mr, Putiand, 181.5 ditto to Mr. Hurt, r4l. gs.3 ditro to Mr. Hurft, Vd!. 55.5 njtto to Mr. Noakes, 171. ss. ; ditto to Mr. Cole, agl. 55.3 ditto to Mr. Noakes, 11. 15s. 3 dittoto Mr,Cole, 1l, §3. 5 a two-year o d heifer to Mr. Rhodes, rst. § ditto to Mr. Wheeler, rol. ; Gorringe, 20l. 3 ditto to Sir rom Burrell, 301. 5 ditto to Mr, Cole, 361. ; ditto to Mr. Burrell, 231. ros. ; ditto to Mr. Burrell, gol. 10s. 5 ditto to Sir C. Burrell, 291. ros. ; ditto to Mr. Hurft, 231.3; ditto to Mr. Lambe, 281. rcs. 5 ditto to Mr. Burrell, 2ol. ; athree yéar old heifer to Mr. Cripps, gl. ros. 5 a three year old ditto to Mr. Langford, 24h 5 ditto to Mr. Burrell, 321. 10s. 3 ditto to sii Cole, 371.3 ditto to Mr. Cole, 321. Tos. ditto to Mr. Gilbert, 40]. 5 ditto to Mr. EL. phick, 421.5; a four year "old cow to Mr. Langford, 251. ros. ; ditto to Mr. Harrifon, 311. 10s. 5 a five year old cow to Mr. Gor~ ringe, 261. 10s. ; ditto to Mr. Cole, gol. ; ditto to Mr. Ellman, 36]. ros. ; 2 fix year old cow to Mr, peel 2ol.3 ditto to Mr. Cripps, 251. ros. ; an aged cow to Mr. Cole, 2rl.; acow etait years old to Mr. Elphick, 43l-: 3 a yearling bull to Mr. Hurft, 251. qs.5 a three year old bull to Mr. Elphick, 731. At Lewes Cliffe fair the thew of fheep and lambs was unufually great. The number was eftimated at 30,000, and ready purcha- fers would have been found for at leaft 10,000 more, as but few of the jobbers could get fupplied with the numbers they had commif- fions for. Two tooth wethers fetched 3os. four-tooth ditto 32s. to 40s. Ewes from 23s, to 36s. Lambs from 15s. to 25s. Thofe whe fold in the forenoon regretted their contracts, as the prices after dinner were from 2s. te 4s. per head higher. Marricd.] At Chichefter, Mr, Robert Bar- ker, cutler, to Mifs Heath. Died.] At Eaft Bourne, Mr. Woollett, mafter of the New Inn. He went to bed about eleven o’clock on the preceding even- ing, apparently in good health, and was found about two in the morning, by Mrs. Wollett, a corpfe by her fide. His death is fuppofed to have been occafioned by the burft- ing of a blood-veffel in his head. At Southover, Mr. Rogers, gent. At Standard Hill, Mr. William King, a wealthy yeoman Mr. Caftyn, farmer, and minifter of a Baptift church at Shipley, 70 At Plumpton, near Lewes, Mr, Tulley, malifter. At Chichefer, Mr. W. Bifhop, grocer, formerly of Portlea.—Mrs. Steed, 84. } HAMPSHIRE. Arrangements have been Garried into exe- cution for forwarding letters from Portfmouth to the eaftern part of the Ifle of Wight, fo as to be delivered every morning, and thus af- ford an cpportunity toany perfon toreturman anfwer on the fame day. The bridge from Gofport to.the Royal Hofpital at Haflar, built fome years fince by Robert Forbes, efg. is ordered by government to he taken down, on a fuppofition that it may be of injury to the harbour. Married] ditto to i ; ¥ 1805.) a, } S . Married.| The Rev. T, Lyman, curate of Boyton, to Mrs. Lambert, widow of the late E. L efy. of Boyton-houfe, At Winchefter, Mr. Stubbington carpen- ter, to Mifs Boys, niece of the late Mr. Chark, apothecary. At Newport, Mle of Wight, Captain Moore, of the army, to Mifs Pike. At Portfea, Mr. Watts to Mifs Ann Lean. —-Mr. W. Tollervey, grocer, to Mifs Knott, Gifter to Mr. K. wine and brandy-merchant. Mr, James Warner, jun. of Botley, to Mifs Barnard, only daughter of Mr. B. of Ropley. Died.] At Upton Houfe, near Romfey, Mrs. Anne Lefsly, widow of Thomas L. efq. and eldeft daughter of Stephen Blizard, efg. deceafed, late chief juftice of the IMand of Antigua, 78. The mild and tran- quil temper which had ever marked her cha- raGter, fupported her in her Jaft moments, and fhe expired with a piety and refignation, highly confoling to herfelf, and to her neareft and deareft conne¢tions. At Winchefter, Mrs. Benyon, wife of Mr. B. of the Crofs Keys public houfe. At Wimering, Mr. Pittis, jun. fon of — P. efg. He was feized witha fit while hunt- tng, and after languifhing a few days expired. At Harley, in the Hundred of Chrift- church, Martin Dean, a youth of 19, his bro- ther Stephen, and his fitter Hannah. Martin, having eaten of fome mufhrooms at a neigh- bour’s houfe, liked them fo much, that he determined to obtain fome for himfelf; ac- cordingly he procured a quantity of toadftools, mittaking them for mufhrooms, and carried them home, when his mother, being alfoig- norant of the miftake, prepared them for breakfaft, and, with her hufband, departed on bufinefs to Ringwood. In the meantime, Martin, with his brothers and filters (five in number, partook of them; but their poifon- ous quality was foon experienced, for the “whole of the family were, in a fhort time, in the ygreateft agonies ; and death the next day put a period to the life of Stephen, one of them, and the day following to that of Han- nah, and Martin, the fad caufe of this unfor- tunate accident. ‘The other three children have been recovered by the unremitting at- tention of Mr. Goddard, furgeon of Chrift- church. At Lymington, of a decline, in his rgth year, Mr. Anthony Davidfon, midfhipman in the royal navy, a fon of che Rev. Mr. D. of the above place. He was a young man of a good 4ifpofition and promifing talents, which, if he had lived, might have formed a charafter ornamental to his profeflion and ufeful to his country. At Portfea, Mifs Baker, daughter of Mr. B. jun. grocer, At Portfmouth, Mr. J. Garnett, mafter of the Green Dragon Inn. At Southampton, Mr. J. Weeks, 74 WILTSHIRE, Application is intended to be made to par» Hamphire—W ilifhire. 387 liament for an a& for inclofing the commons and wafte grounds in the liberties of Whiftly, Winnerth, Broad Hinton, and Hinton Pinard, in the parithof Hurft in the counties of Berks and Wilts, At Wilton St. Giles’s great Sheep Fair, the numbers of fheep pounded amounted to from fifty to fifty two thoufand. ~The fale was as dull, and the prices on an average not higher than at the laft Britford Fair. We- thers fetched from thirty fhillings to fifty- three fhillings. Ewes from twenty-eight fhillings to forty-three fhillings, and Lambs from feventeen to twenty-eight fhillings. Mr. Flower, of Charlton, obtained the price of + twenty-nine fhillings per head, for two han- dred of Horn Lambs. The demand was in favour of South Downs. William Powletr, efq. of Somborne, Hants, and H. Biggs, efq. of Stockton, Wilts, exhibited a large num- ber of South Down Lamb tups, from their own choice ftocks, which were greatly ad= mired. There was afmall thew of Horfes, and thofe that were good met with a quicks fale, and at a high price. Married.] At the Devizes, Mr. Richard Bolton, an eminent corn-fa@or, to—his wife! —They, for family reafons, had been feveral years privately married, but an obftacle hav- ing been removed by the ordinary courfe of nature, the ceremony was again publicly per- formed. Asa proof of the fincerity of the lady's affe€tion, for upwards of fifteen years {ne had borne the fting of calumny, and with- out repining beheld the finger of feorn point- ed at her—the fecret was religioufly obferved, and detraétion at length blufhes at its own deformity ! At Longbridge, Deverel, the Rev. Henry Goddard, re&tor of that place, to Mifs Hen- rietta Hare At Devizes, Mr, Flower, plumber and glazier, to Mifs Gover, only daughter of Mrs, G. of the White Hart Inna. Died.} At Newton, fuddenly, Mr. W. Cave, fon of Mr, C. His death was occafioned by imprudently venturing into’a cold bath the preceding evening ; and he was buried on his birth day, aged 22. At Ame(bury, after a fhort but fevere il]- nefs, Mr. James Bloxham, eldeft fon of the late Mr. William Bloxham, Surgeon of that place, 22. In Fitherton Anger, Mr. Jofeph Maton. late a maltfter and corn faétor of Salifbury, 6s. Ze Dinton, Mr. Henry Saunders of Ridge. At Chicklade, Mr. John Harding, jun. fon of Mr, H. of Hindon, 24. At Salifbury, Mrs. Marfhall, widow of Captain M. of the Marines. —Mrs Raikes, houfekeeper to W. Hufley, efq M. P. in whole fervice the had lived upwards of forty. years. Mrs. Jane Brown, late of Benden Mills, near Wareham, aged 58, and four hours af- terwards Mrs, Sufannah Trim. They were 3C2 both, . mie it Se Le, ed [No re Ty 4 } & Berkfbire—Somerfetfbire—Dorfetpbire. both born in the fame year, died in the fame night, and were buried on the fame days BERKSHIRE, Married.] P. J. Reeve, ef. of Reading, to Mifs Vaughan, of Farnborough. Mr. Holditch of Reading, to Mifs Bew, of Newbury. At Thatcham, Mr. Druce, to Mifs Tull. At Fawley, Mr. T. Fifher, of Bockmer, to Mifs Cooke, of Fawley-court farm. Died.] At Speen Hill, near Newbury, Mr. Mafon, formerly a clothier in Gloucefter- thire. At Trunkwell, Mrs. St. Leger. At Farringdon, Mrs. Vincent, 67. At Shaw, Mr. Lamb, 79. About three years fince he had a very large cancer taken from his lower lip. At Reading, Mrs. Oldfield, wife of Mr. O. of the White Hart —Mr. Lovegrove, jun. bricklayer.—Mrs. Weftbrook, wife of Richard W. efq. banker.—Mr. Fardon. SOMERSETSHIRE. The new theatre at Bath, has been com- pleted within the fpace of one year, and has been opened. This ftruéture within the main walls is above one hundred and twenty. five feet in length, fixty wide, and feventy high; the walls of the foundation fix feet wide, and at the upper part three feet; the exterior buildings, containing dreffing-rooms, fcene- rooms, wardrobe, and every other convenience, for the performers, artifts, fervants, &c. anti- sooms and faloons to the lobbies, rooms of ac- commodation to the private boxes (which are Mumerous) tavern, &c. are very extenfive, In the ere@tion of the building, expence and elegance have gone together in happy aflucia- tion; and throughout the execution of the whole plan liberality has been conduéted by the hand of tafte. The folid judgment of Mr, Palmer, the architeét, has been adyan- taged by the claffical ideas of Mr. Dance ; _and to the cuftomary decorations of thefe tem- ples of Thefpis, the deticate pencil of the ce- lebrated Caffali has added the grandeft fpeci- mens of the pictorial art. The plan of the whole building is moft judicious; the difpofi- tion of its various apartments highly conve- mient; the arrangements of the interior ac- commodations in the greateft degree comfort- able; and the coup d’wil from every part of the houfe, moft beautiful and magnificent. Married.} At Bath, John Haley, efq. of Lanfdown Place, to Mrs. Richardes, youngett daughter of the late James Rivett, efq M. P. for Derby.—The Rev. James Way, rector of Aldwell, Oxfordthire, to Mifs Crolbie, daugh- ter and fole heirefs to John Crofbie, efq. of the Ifland of Antigua, and niece to General Croibie, colonel of the fifty-third regiment. — Mr, G. Ingram, of Salifbury, to Mifs Jemima Whittick.--Edward Gordon, efq. of Bromley, Middlefex, to Mifs J. Halliday —Thomas Roberts, ef. of Briftol, to Mifs Lee, daughter _ of the late Benjamin L, efq. of Merrion, county of Dublin. . At Henbury, Mr. James B. Carey, of Shepton Mallet, tanner, to Mifs Sophia At- kins, daughter or W. A. Efq. of Paffage, in the county of Cork. At Briftol, the Rev. Thomas Warren, ftue dent of Chrift-church, Oxford, to Mifs Jane Powell. 4 Died.] At Briftol Hot-wells, the Rev. Samuel d’Elbzuf Edwards, of Pentre, in Montgomeryshire, an aéting magiftrate of that county, and reétor of Mainftone, in the coun- ty of Salop, 87.—In him were fully difplayed during a very long and painful illnefs, the manly fortitude and pious refignation of a true chriftjan, and in the difcharge of every moral and reMfgious duty, few fuch examples are to be met with. To the poor he was ever a zealous friend, and few were the objeéts of charity within his fphere, that did not expe- rience his benevolence and bounty, and of thofe inftitutions which tended to promote their comforts, and foften their difputes, he was ever the liberal but unoftentatious fup- porter.-—Mrs. Shirreff, wife of Alexander s. efg. of Fenchurch-ftreet, London, and only daughter of Robert Cavil, efq. 22.—Mr. Ed- ward Harris, 68.—Mr. Harding, haberdafher. —Mrs. Collins —Mr, Thomas Harding, 25. At Philips’-Norton, Mrs. Mary Milfharm, wife of Mr. Jofeph M. At Widcombe, Mrs. Bennett, wife of Mr. Thomas B baker. At Upper Eafton, near Briftol, Mrs. Roe gers, reli&t of Mr. George R. 77. At Berkeley, Mr. Jacob Watkins, At Afhley, Mrs. Martha Jane, wife of Mr. John J. falt refiner of Bath. At Bath, Mr. John Walton, late of Kel- fton, 72,.—Mrs. Marder, relict of John M. efq. captain of the royal marines. —Mis. Ed- wards, wife of Mr. E. furgeon of Walcot.— Mrs. Power, wife of colonel P. of the thirty- fecond regiment.—Alexander Ellice, efq— Mr. Coleman, of Newgate-ftreet, London.— Mrs. Dimock, wife of Mr. D.—-Mrs. Strange, grocer. Mr. William Rexworthy, corn-faétor of Crokfby, near Wells. He was returning from that city when he fell off his horfe, and furvived the accident but a few hours. He belonged to the Wells troop of yeomanry ca- valry. Asa foldier he was highly refpeéted, and in his dealings manifefted the utmott in. tegrity. / DORSETSHIRE. Married.] John Perkins, efq. of Henley, Somerfet, to Mifs Sampfon, of Chetnole. Mr. John Cox, of Bourton, tick manuface turer, to Mifs Dunn, of Silton. At Shroton, Mr. Gould Smith, of Bland- ford, to Mifs Andrews, eldeft daughter of John A, efq. of Shroton, DEVON? if an 1805.] Devinpire—Cornwall—Wales—North Britain 339 DEVONSHIRE, Married | At Topfham, Mr. Wm. Tho- mas of Exeter, to Mifs Elizabeth Carter, co- heirefs and grand daughter of the late Richard Coppleitone; efg. At Kingbridge, Samuel Holditch Hayne, efq. of Slade, to Mifs Mary Manning, fecond daughter of the late Mr. Manning, furgeon. At Thorncombe, Mr. William Hawkins, clerk of the parifh, aged 73, to Mifs Frances Beker, of the fame place, aged 34. At Exeter, Mr. J. Wills, druggift of Ply- mouth, to Mffs Eliz. Norrington, daughter of Mr. Jofeph N. linen-draper of Exeter.—Mr, Thomas Nofworthy, builder, to Mifs Skinner, only daughter of Mr. S, filverfmith. At Collumpton, Mr. Jofeph Pannell, hair- dreffer co Mifs S. Matthews. At Plymouth, Mr. C. Allen, to, Mifs ivory. Died.] At Moortown, Mrs, Ridout, wife of John R. gent. At Mamhead, the Right Honourable Do- rothy Countefs of Lifburne, reli&t of the late Earl of L, and daughter of the late John Shaf- toe, efq. At Topfiam, Mr. Mafon, chemift, 70. At Exeter, Mr. Bifgood,- one of the pro- prietors of the Clarence coach.—-Mrs. Ann Ware, fifter of Mr. Gideon Wi—Mrs, Wal- ker, wife of Mr. W. hellier.—Mrs. Salter, wife of Mr, S. prefsman.—Mrs. Deane, widow of Mr. D. maltier.—Mr. Thomas Peters, mealman, At Crediton, Mifs Rifdon. : Near Plymouth, Mrs Lloyd, the wife of Mr. Lloyd, furgeon in the late war to Rear- Admiral Sir J. B. Warren, K. B. At Stonel.oufe, Mrs. Couts, widow of the late Captain Couts, of the royal navy, 61. At Stratton, Mr. Tooke, furgeon and apo- thecary. At Chaddlewood, near Plympton, Mrs. Bird, relift of H. Bird, efg. formerly of Ridgeway. At Teignmouth, Major Gomonde of Bath. CORNWALL, Mrarried.} At St. Gluvias church, captain Pellowe of the Royal Navy to Mrs. Spurge of Penryn. At Lifkard, William Rawle, efq. to Mifs Hingfton, daughter of Mr, Richard H. mer- chant, At St. Kew, Mr. Richard Tucker, to Mifs Rebecca Knighr. At Helfton, Mr. Thomas Roberts, baker, to Mifs Penhal], grand-daughter of the late Henry P. Efq. many years returning officer of members to ferve in parliament for that - borough. Died.] At Loftwithiel, Mifs Clapp, eldeft daughter of the Rev. Mr: C. At Scilly, Mrs. Mary Gibfon, 67. At Padftow, Mr. John Symonds, comp- troller of the cuftoms. At Fowey, Captain Dormer. 4 At St. Kew, Mifs Curgenven; daughter of Mr. C. At Falmouth, Mr. Samuel Tregallan, mer- chant, 79. WALES. , At a meeting lately held at Lianelly, by - the committee for the improvement of the navigation of the Burry River, a plan and ef- timate were exhibited for making a capacious dock or bafon, on the eaft fide of the prefent pier at Llanelly, and the committee have ear- neftly recommended the adoption of this bene- ficial meafure to the confideration of the Carmarthenfhire rail-way company. | If it fhould be carried into effeét, it cannot fail to render the port of Llanelly as fafe and commodious an harbour for veffels of confider= able tonnage as any in the principality. A rail road on a new principle is now at work at the Penclawdd copper-works. Its ca- pability of obviating friftion renders it much fuperior to thofe in general ufe, The con- ftru€tion is that of an edge rail, a yard of which is nearly as light again as thofe now made, and it has been found capable of carrye ing the afual weight. Died.j| At Haverfordweft, the Rev. Wil- liam Tafker, A. M. 84, At Swanfea, David Morris, Efg. banker, Carmarthen, 61. At Gubalva-houfe, near Cardiff, the lady of Sir R, L. Bloffe, bart. : At his feat in Montgomeryfhire, Ambrofe Gething, efq. one.of the coroners for the county. , NORTH BRITAIN, Married.} At Lainthaw, Lord Afhburton, to Mifs Anne Cuninghame, daughter of the late William C. efg At Moufewald Maufe, Ofwald Hunter. M.D. fellow of the royal college of phyficiansy Edinburgh, to Mifs Janet Dickfon, daughter of the Rev. Mr, D. At Glafgow, Mr. James Hardie, jun. mer- chant, to Mifs Beugo, daughter of the late Gavin B, efq. of Lancefield. At Edinburgh, John Buthby Maitland, efq. of Eccles, Sheriff-depute of Wigtonfhire, to Mifs Eliza Harriet Camac, daughter of Wile liam C+mac, efq. of Portman-{fquare, London. —Mr, John Turnbull, writer in Glafgow, to Mifs Annabella Drummond, youngeft daugh- ter of Mr. Grezor D. : At Woodlands, Mr. George Douglafs Park, merchant, Glafgow, to Mifs Eliza Douglafs, daughter of George D. efq. of Woodlands. ° At the Manfe of Calder, Captain W. Fras fer, of Brackla. to Mifs Grant. AtKillmardinny, Archibald Hamilton, jun. efg, to Mifs Agnes Trokes. At Paifley, Mr Jobn Holoses, jun. mere chant, Greenock, to Mifs Margaret Simpfon, daughter of the deceafed Mr. Claud S, writer in Paifley; At Cardrofs, Mr. Archibald Langwell, merchant, Greenock, to Mifs Elizajy-th Mace farlane, only daughter of Mr. William M. Wilton $90 :, ¥ mS Wilton Henry Lynch, efq. of the Tfand of famaica, to Mifs Sarah Skene, third davgh- _» ter of the late Captain James S. of Aberdeen. At Greenock, Captain Archibald M‘Niel, of the 66th regiment, to Mifs Elizabeth M‘Niel, daughter of the deceafed Heétor BM ‘Niel, efgq. of Canna. At Glafgow, on the 7th infant, Mr. John Alexander, merchant in Greenock, to Mis. Flora Shearer, reli of Mr. James S. mer- chant. At Auchinleck, Mr. W. Jamefon, farmer, aged 82, to Mrs. C. Murray, 67. The bride- groom. has ninety-two children, grand-chil- dren, and great grand-children; the bride thirty-three children and grand. children. Died.| At Barachney-houfe, Glafgow, Charlotte, duchefs dowager of Athol, Coun- ‘tefs of Athol, and baronefs Strange in her own right, Lady of Mann, and fole heirefs of that ifland. Her grace was daughter of James, fecond duke of Athol, widow of John the late ‘duke, and mother to the prefent duke, be- ‘fides whom the has left fix younger children. She was in her 75th year. At Perth, the Right Hononrable George Kinnard, Baron Kinnaird, of Inchture, s1.— His lordthip was chairman of the British fire- office, a fituation which-he filled with great zeal and ability. He is fucceeded in his tit!e and eftates, by his fon Charles, member in the prefent parliament for Leominfter. At Edinburgh, Major George Hay.—Alex- ander Mackenzie, efq. writer to the fignet.— Mrs. Helen Murray, 70 —Mr, James Wat- fon, writer to the fignet. At Minard, in Argylefhire, Mrs. Rankins, widow of William R. efq. At Selkirk, Mr, John Lang, theriff-clerk of Selkirkthire. At Guzerat, in the Eaft Indies, in O&tober -¥aft, Lieutenant George Thomfon, of his Ma- jefty’s 65th ragiment of foot, eldeft fon of the Rev. Thomas Tkomfon, of Edinburgh. Ireland. al Nee oi o [Nova At Dalwhat, Mr. Thomas Corfon, fecond fon of John Corfon, efq. 34. Mifs Anne Crawfuird, daughter of the late Mr. James C. writer in Ayr. 1 At the Manfe of Buchanan, the Rev. David Macgibbon, minifter of that parifh, in the 82d year of his age, and 49th of his mi- niftry. , At Myothill, John Graham, efq. IRELAND. Married.] Thomas Jackfon, of Fanninge flown, county Limerick, efq. to Mifs Hall, daughter of the late Robert Hall, of Lime- rick, efq. Lieutenant Jacob Hemmett, of the 25th foot, to Mrs, Sufannah Bourchier, widow of the late James B, county Limerick, efq. Lieutenant Fleming, of the 57th regiment, to Mrs. Ormiby, reli€t of Anthony O. efg.— In Cork, Lieutenant Edward Fitagerald, of the 2d Weft India regiment, fon of the late R. Fitzgerald, of CaftleeRichard, efgp to Mifs Margaret Fortune, eldeft daugh- ter of Mr. Nicholas F. merchant.— Thomas Jenkins Smith, efq. M.D. to Mifs Knight, daughter of the late Chriftopher K, » efqewi. Died.] Near Ennifkillen, Sir James Rivers, a captain in the 34 Dragoon Guards. He was out on a fhooting party at Nixon Hall, incom. pany with Captain Fancott, and Captain Platt, of the sothregiment, when Sir James’s gun un~ fortunately went off, and killed him almoft in- ftantaneoufly. Sir James was fon of the late Sir Peter Rivers Gay, and brother of the laft baronet of that name. In Dublin, Ponfonby Molesworth, efq. the la(t furviving fon of the late Hon. B. Mi— Mr. Woodgate, principal archite&t to the board of works.—-Mrs. Lefter, the wife of Charles L. efq. of Dundalk.—Mr. Burnett, bookfeller.—Mr. Tuite, proprietor of the Ul- fter hotel. —Mr. John Butler, printer, MONTHLY COMMERCIAL REPORT. E had occafion to notice in our laft Report, the difgu@ which the exercife of the right of excluding neutral importations into the ports of our Weft Indian colonies had excited In the United States of America. . The Papers fince received from thence, are full of animadverfion and complaint on the Tate condemnation of feveral of their veffels, captured with the produce of ftates at war with this country. There feems, however, to be much difference of opinion as to the true grounds of their complaints: fome report, that they merely furnished themfelves with papers for the purpofe of deceiving our cruizers ; while others, in detailing the circumftance with more apparent plavfibility, give a very different complexion to the cafe. As far as we are informed, it appears the Americans were uniformly in the habit, laft war, of landing the cargoes they brought from belligerent ports, and paying the duties upon them in America 5 they were then re-fhipped (generally) on-board the fame veffel, and fent to Europe; they confidered this a fufficient precaution to neutralife the property, fo as to fortify themfelves againft the fearch of our cruizers; and as this had been tolerated laft war, they imagined themfelves completely proteéted by fimilar regulations this war. It is doubtlefs true, that thefe precautions were not always adopted; and much fraud and contrivance has been in- vented to fave the heavy expences which muft neceflarily fall upon the cargo. Our Government, aware of thefe circumftances, and the facility with which a mere com- pliance with a loofe regulation, fuch as that, might be evaded, or made the cloak of artifice and deception, have judged it expedient to demand an authenticated certificate, that the ; Carga : 4 1805-] Monthly Commercial Report. Sgt cargo, being the produce of ftates at war with Egland, had not only been landed and paid duties, but could not, from the ftate of the markets, be fold in America without lofs, before it fhould be re-fhipped for Europe; and whenever this document could not be pro- __ duced, feizure was dire&ted, and condemnation enfued. But the manner in which the feizures “have been executed, the Americans confider as particularly obnoxious; and they bitterly complain, that after having been permitted to proceed unmolefted laft war, their veffels fhould now be feized, and condemned ; and that, without any previous notice, or intimation, to any of their accredited agents, that it was intended to infift upon the produ€tion of this certificate, is a flagrant dereli€tion of good faith, and a violent breach of amicable relations. Under this impreffion, the Government of the United States has remonftrated with our Miniftry, in very energetic terms ; threatening to fufpend all communication with this country and the Colonies, and to detain an equal number of Britith veffels, till reftitution is afforded and the praétice difcontinued, It is faid Lord Hawkefbury has promifed that the fubjeG& fhall be ferioufly inveftigated. If our information is corre@, we muft indeed confefs, that it is a matter of very critical impertance ; and from the fenfation we anticipated it would excite in America, coupled with the jealoufy and difcontent created by the reftri€tion on their exportations to the Weft India iflands, much delicacy and forbearance is required in the examination and adjuftment of this queftion. The generality of our politicians treat thefe threats with contemptuous i difference, from the apparent impoffibility of the Americans exifting without our manufa' tures ; but fuppofing this to be granted (as we cannot affeét to be ignorant), that Anca poffeffes in herfelf, every elementary article for the produ€tion of manufa¢tures, we thou not, by a narrow policy, compel them to try the experiment, for it muft be recolle&ted, that they are an induftrious, perfevering people, extremely jealous, and determined to undergo any privation for the aflertion and maintenance of their national independence : we fhould then be careful how we force them to this. great exertion, the pra¢ticability of which is not doubtful ; for, if they once but partially fucceed, that which neceflity created, their iptereft and their dignity will nurture and fuppert. ‘ The effe& of a fufpenfion of intercourfe to our Colonies in war, would be inexpreflibly diftrefling, if not entirely ruinous; and to ourfelves, a defalcation in the confumption of our manufactures to the extent of the annual fupply. We need have no additional caufe to embarrafs our manufa€tory trade, which is now in 2 wretched condition; and though it might have been politic to defpife publicly the meafures direéted by the Emperor of the French as inefficient, to prevent the introdu@tion of our ma~- nufaétures on the Continent, it cannot be concealed that his regulations have loaded the trade with fuch exorbitant impofts and exactions, that it is almof annihilated. Recent let- _ ters from Holland repeat the ftri€tnefs with which thefe meafures are executed 5 and the Batavian Gazette is pofitively contraditing a report of one of our papers, that Britifh manu- , fattured goods would fhortly be admitted into Holland at a duty of 71 per Cent.; announces the feizure of a large parcel of goods; and, fo far from any relaxation of the official regula-_ tions, ftates the vigilance exercifed to be more fevere than ever, The evacuation of Hanover, we hope, will reftore us the old channel of commen with Germany. Lord Mulgrave has officially notified the raifing of the blockade of the Elbe, and fome life and aétivity begins to animate our markets; but till it is afcertained ‘ q * that the intercourfe is unobftructed, the trade will not affume that fteadinefs which charac- | ~ terifes unimpeded communication. At Hamburg, the merchants hive been exceedingly dM@refied by the fcarcity of money; and as it is nuw difcovered that our Government mean to make their remittances in {pecie, inttead of Bills, the Exchange has rifen in London 3 per Cent. in one poft. Our importations of wheat from the north of Europe ftill continue; thefe, with expected arrivals of flour from America will, in addition to our own produétive harvet, afford an ample fupply, and may perhaps admit of {till further reductions in this ftaple article of life. We * alfo obferve, with peculiar pleafure, that at all the large fairs throughout this country, many of the articles of the firft neceifity are on the decline in price, particularly cheefe. In our Report for the paft month, we congratulated the commercial. warld on the fafe arrival of the Eaft [ndia and other fleets, The prefent is fcarcely lefs propitious to our national _» profperity. The largeft Leeward Ifland fleet that has come for fome time (nearly 300 fail), i ‘s are got fafely into port ; alfo the laft Jamaica fleet for this year, the fleet from Quebec, and . the valuable ones from Pcterfburg and the Baltic, Thefe laft are of peculiar importance at the prefent juncture, being laden with all forts of naval ftores, for the feafonble fupply of our dock yards and increafing navy. _ - Acomparatively trifling fet off to thefe advantages is juft announced, in the capture of fome of our outward-bound Oporto fleet. The lofs on this occafion, however, is not likely to be at all equal to what it was at firft reported, as it is thought that not more than eight have fallen into the enemy’s hands. The Weft India market ftill remains heavy ; and but for the gradual manner in which ic sas been latterly fupplied by the fleets keeping gut, it would haye been geplorably dull. ? "7 MONTHLY F e \ ; me MGreatett 57 bun- (. mercury ftood Greateft ¥ We Sm afeyane Baan 0 See | MONTHLY AGRICULTURAL REPORT. © VV E have the pleafure of congratulating our Readers on the Corn Harvett rant che 1A every part of the kingdom, in the moft complete and perfeét manner, . that the grain of both the White Corn and Pulfe Crops has proved, in their kind, good and abundant 5 and what kas been threthed weighs well, is found, and full grown. In England and Wales, Wheat averages S15. 4d.5 Rye, 46s. 3d.; Barley, 41s. qd. ; Oats, 28s. 4d. ; Beans, 47s. 64. ; and Peas, 46s. 7d. ‘ From the finenefs of the feafon, the farmer has been enabled to fow his Seed-wheat, on 2 yood tilth ; the Fallows and Clover Leys working well, the Pea and Bean Stubbles may be 4well cleaned previous to their being fown. _ Winter Tares have already been fown on a large breadth of land, as wellas Rye and Brufh Turnips on light foils for Spring-feeding Ewes and Lambs, : The crops of Seed clover have been harvefted and well fecured ; they appear to be well- . headed, and of a good quality. Potatoes are found to be every where a large crop, found, and good of their kind, Turnips haye Jately thriven very much; and the Paftures never looked "better at this feafon of the year: but Fat Cattle, From the coolnefs of the fummer, are found not to die fo well infide as they doin warmer feafons. Lean Stock, at the late fairs, has advanced in price, although a great fupply of Scotch and Welch Runts, as well as the larger breeds of cattle, have been offered for fale, and much on chand. Store Sheep are fomewhat Jower; as are alfo Milch Cows, Young frefly Horfes are ‘Mill in demand at high prices,» The Swine markets are on the advance, particularly Porking Pigs. In Newgate and Leadenhall Markets, Beef fetches from 3s. 8d. to 48.3 Mutton, 9gs. 3d. to 4s.; Veal, qs, to ss.; Pork, 4s. to 6s.; and Lamb, ss. ; The prices of Cheefe and Salt Butter at the late great fairs have fallen confiderably. * In Smithfield Market, Hay fetches from 31. 10s. to gl. 15s. 3 Clover, 5]. 10s. to 61. 6s. 5 Straw, 11. ros.,to 21. : METEOROLOGICAL REPORT. @bfervations on the State of the Weather from the 24th of September to the 24th of OGober,' inclufive, 1805, to Miles NW. of St. Pauls, Barometer. ; Thermometer. Highett 30.60. Sept.29. Windk. Higheft 64°. O&. 8. Wind W. Lowe 29.21. O€. 16. Wind N.W. | Loweft 28% O&. 12 &14, «Wind S.W. the rath, the thermo-. meter was as low as aot Seni ( In the morning of | variation in 17°. i the next morning at 29.50. and at the fame hour on } , ; 24 hours the arth, it was 4 3 as high as 30.07. it ftood as high as 45%, and on the 14th it was j again ab 28%, ‘The quantity of rain fallen this month is equal to 2.162 inches in depth. The average height of the barometer for the paft month is equal to a trifle more than 30 inches. On the 2gth ult. it ftood, as appears above, at 30.60. and remained.at that height the greater part of 24 hours; which is a full tenth higher than it has been feen for feveral years paft. The ftate of the temperature has been lower than ufual, being only on the average at about 4773 two mornings we have had very fevere frofts, when the glafs was full four de- grees below the freezing point; and on two other mornings the mercury was as low as 32°. We have noticed fome heavy fogs ; that on the 2oth was the moft remarkable; it extended to fome miles round the metropolis, and did not clear up till late inthe forenoon, The wind has blown chiefly from the eafterly points. variation in » dredths of 24 hours. an inch, _. %e% Perfons who refide Abroad, and who wifh to be fupplied with this Work every Month, as publifbed, may have it fent to them, FREE OF POSTAGE, to New York, Halifax, Quebec, and every Part of the Weft Indies, at Two Guineas per Annum, by Mr. THORNHILL, of the General Pof? Office, at No. 21, Sherborne. lane ; to Hamburgh, Lifbon, Gibraltar, or any Part of the Mediterranean, at Two Guineas per Annum, by Mr. Bisnor, of the General Pot Office, at No. 22, Sherborne lane; to the Cape of Good Hope, or any Part of the Eaft Indies, at Therty Shillings per Annum, by Mr. Guy, at the Eajt India Howe; and to any Part of Ireland, at one Guinea.and a Half per Annum, by Mr. Survn, of the General Poft Office, at No. 3, Sherborne-lane. It may alfo be bad of all Perfon, who deal in Books, at thofe Places, and alfo in every Part of the World. THE MONTHLY MAGAZINE. No. 136. | DECEMBER 1, 1805.. [5, of Vor. 20, ns ¢ ORIGINAL COMMUNICATIONS. _ For the Monthly Magazine. TRADE of AMERICA. ALUE of the exports from the ‘Y United States of America for the year ending 30th September, 1804. " Dellars. New-Hamphhire, - =",.\ 716,091 Maffachuletts, - - 16,894,379 Vermont, - er. 1915725 Rhode-Ifland, - = 15735,671 Conneéticut, = - 1,516,110 New-York, * a 16,081,281 New-Jerley, - - 245829 Pennfylvania, + - 11,030,157 Delaware, - - 697,396 Maryland, - < 931515939 Diftri& of Columbia, - 1,452,198 Virginia, © mre $799,001 North-Carolina, —- - 923,687 South-Carolina, ef 734.51,616 Georgia, - s 250775572 Territory of the United States, 1,959,423 Total, 77»999,074 The above account fhews the extent of foreign trade pofleffed by the refpective ftates. The proportion of exports confitt- ing of the produce or manufacture of the United Stares and of foreign merchandize was as follows : Dollars. Domettic, - ~ . 41,467,477 Forcign, . 3652315597 Total, 7716993074. _ The domeftic produce is dillinguifhed into the produétions of the fea, of the fo- ret, of agriculture, and manufaétures, the amount of each deicription being as fol- lows : THE SEA. Dellars. Produce of fitheries, confifling of dried fih, pickled ditto, , whale-oil, whalebone, and . {permaceti, - = '3)420,000 Monrety Mac, No. 336, - _7 THE FOREST. Dollars. Skins and furs, and ginfeng, 1,040,000 Wood, viz. boards, ftaves, fhingles, hewn timber, matts, ; bark, &c. > = - 2,628,000 Pot and pearl-afhes, tar, tur- {2° péntine, pitch, and rofin, 962,000 AGRICULTURE. Predu& of animals, viz. beef, tallow, hides, live cattle, butter, cheefe, pork, &c. 4,030,000 Horles and mules, - 270,000 Vegetable food, viz. wheat, flour, and. bifcuit, Indian corn and meal, rice, rye, oats, potatoes, apples, &c. 12,250,000 Tobacco, = - 6,000,060 Cotton, = = 7,650,000 Flax-feed, hops, hemp, indi- go, &c. 5 - 690,000 MANUFACTURES, ‘Of domeftic materials, = 1,650,000 Of foreign materials, - 450,000 Articles not diftinguithed in the returns, manufaétured or agricultural, = - 427,000 3 Total, 41,467,000 The foreign produce exported confitted chiefly of tea, fugar, coffee, cocoa, {pices, wines, &c. ; The quantity of tea was Of foreign fugar, = Of coffee, Ry “ Of cocoa, 2 g Of pepper and all other . {pices,. = = Of foreign fpirits, . 1,219,233 Ibs. 74;172,220 lbs, 48,312,713 Ibse 6953135 lbs. 6,282,232 lbs. 1,119,059 gallons. | The deltination of the exports of the United States is principally to the Welt- Indies, Great Britain, France, Holland, and Spain; but fome fmaller branches of their commerce begin to appear in all the. trading parts of the world. The follow- ing flatement thews the proportions of the 3D 8 : exports In the year 1794 the amount of the ex- ports of the United States was 33,026,233 dollars. In the courfe of ten years it has increafed- to more than double the amount at that period ; and the whole increafe of trade fince the States, ceafed to be Britith colonies has been fuch as never befvre took place in any country, ‘The total amount of the exports frorn the American States to Great Britain in the year 1773 was 5,720,964 dollars ; the prefent amount to Great Britain and the Britifh colonies appears by the foregoing Rate- ment to be 21,829,802 dollars, which thews a much greater increafe than could have ‘been expected had the States remain- ed fubject to this country, although they have at the {ame time extended their trade to all other parts of the world. The a&tual tonnage of the United States on the 31 December, 1803, was eftimat- ed at about 917,000 tons, viz. Regiftered tonnage, — - - 5975150 Enrolled ditto; . - - 267,750 Fifhing ditto, + - - 52,100 i — Total, 917,000 The proportion of foreign tonnage to the whole amount of tonnage employed in the foreign trade of the United States was at the above period as. 17 to 100. S94 Propofed Reading in Hudfan’s Dionyfius: [Dec. 1, exports of 1304 to the dominions of each To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. power. ‘ SIR, : To Great Britain and Ires Dollars. BEG leave to offer a few obfervations land, - 12,206,501 on the Latin verfion of a paffige in To the Britifh colonies, + 9,623,301 Ifeeus's ** Oration in Defence of Euphile- . Holiand and Dutch colonies, 16,447,417 tus,’’ as we have it in Hudfon’s edition France and colonies, a 12,776,111 of Dionyfius Halicarnaffenfis, vol. ii., p. Spain and colonies, = 6,728,125 175: Ors tv rower, w Zvdees Oencolaty Hamburch, Bremen, &c. 41475007 a&deAPds nuiv ecly duroct 6 EvPianros, ou po- Denmark and colomies, - 3,346,623 vov nudv, AAG ues TAY coyyeDy aorcilwy Portugal and colonies, - 2,496,858 axnxdoile waprvgdvilur. Exibaobs ct re Oro Italy, - - - 1,671,149 Tov warign nav, Tivos Ewexev ay pévduile Tried and other Auftrian ports, 333,798 «ds tovToy wn Bure auriv dlov ircorosdiloe Proffia, = - ~ e - 2,186,116 “Tidgylas ce evencele Tov TX Tose meatloy wes, Sweden, - 4 2 - 6915975 7% 00x dvTwH aUToIs yunciay caduy, 9 did Europe generally, - 620,891 wevicey ceverrynalouevarc Eévovs arO gious ‘Turkey, Levant, and Egypt, 445646 itcmrorciobas, Sus wOehavtas Th ar duTwr Motocco and Barbary States, 93333 8 ceurous AbrySrwy yeyoudiwy, &c.”—I al- Cape of Good-Hope, - 167,917 lude more particularly to this latter claufe, Africa generally, - 349,036 but have inferted fhe preceding context to China,” - - - s 198,601 fave the trouble of reference. The La- Ealt-Indies generally, - 796,316 tin’ verfion is, ‘* Quod itaque, Judices, South-Seas, - - = 10,000 frater nofter hic fit Eupheletus, non folum North-Weit coaft of America, 196,059 e nobis, fed et omnibus agnatis id attef- Weft-Indies generally, - 3,324,294 tantibus cognoviftis. ~ Confiderate vero ———— primum patrem noftrum cujus rei gratia Total, 77:699,074. mentiretur, et hunc, fi revera non effet, pro filio haberet. Quotquot enim talia faciunt, reperietis id facere ; vel quod eis liberi fon fint genuini, vel quod, ubi fint egeftate coaos extraneds adoptare, ut ali-* quam ex iis utilitatem capiant que ab Athenienfibus gefta funt.” Firft, Why have we coaé3os in the accufative, and not coadii vather, to agree with the nomina- tive ili undesftood after: quod, and to form with /int the paffive coad?i fint ? Again, to fay, ‘* Ut aliquam ex iis,’ &c. &c., — That they may derive fome benefit from thofe things which are performed by - Athenians,"” expreffes the orator's mean- ing, if at all, very ob{curely indeed.— Now Euphiletus fets out very plainly with oblerving, that an Athenian may have two motives for adopting a ftranger; one is, the defire of children ; if we'll fup- pofe, he is rich, and have none lawfully begotten of his own. The'other motive, he fays, may he poverty. But why fhould a poor Athenian adopt children ? — Of courfe to fhare in the property of the adopted fon, who obtains by this adop- tion the freedom of Athens. A little at- tention will difcover this fenfe in thé ori- ginal. F would therefore, inftead of the latter claufe of the Latin verfion, fubfti- tute, ut aliquam capiant utilitatem ab illis qui, per ipfas, cives Athenienfes fadti funt ; after iis underftand extraneis, and after ipfos, eos qui adoptamt. The Greek I would 1805.] Prognoftics of Leeehes. —Hiftory of the Diffenters. would conftrue in the following order :— ~ , ss 2 5 ~ Ma > Orws wPcravras th am auTiav yeyovoluy os aureus Abyvéswy. Thus I tranflare Aby- yasov yeverbas, civis Athenienfis feri ; and for this (enfe of the phrafe tee Demofthe- nes Ilsgs UrgePavov, tom. i., p. 270—21 and 22, ed. Reifke, where this orator, bit- terly inveighing againft Efchines, fays, “© OW ye more’ ot Aryw; xBeo piv, ovy nob Teuny ay. AOnuasos nas entwe yevyove 5” —AA{o in his Oration ** Kera Neciecs,”” tom. ii.,.p. 1375—3, ** Ourw xaroy 245 Ciuvoy nynoar sivas dweoy To Alnyasoy ye- verbas ;*” fame page, 1. 26, ‘* Arrw wage Tove vowous ’ Abnyasoc yéyove.”” It will be Dow feen that we mutt refer wutwy to Zivovg avPpaarovc, and avrove to tous Te Traut mweatrovias, i. €. Tove eiomrosou- pevous ; which I refpectfully fubmit to the confideration of your claffical readers, and remain, &c. Ww. Liverpool, O&. 10, ‘1805. —_— To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. SIR, N reading over the “ Flowers of Lite- it rature’ for 1804, I find fome extraéts from Hayley’s “ Life, &c., of the late W. Cowper, Eiq.,”’ amongtt which is the fol- Jowing :—‘¢ A leech in a bottle foretels all the prodigies and convulfions in nature, not by articulate utterance of oracular no- tices, but by a variety of gefticulations.— No change of weather furprifes him, and, in point of the earlieft and moft accurate intelligence, he is worth all the barometers in the world.” In publifhing the above in your ufeful and truly pleafing Magazine, I am in hopes fome of your ingenious and fcien- tific readers will favour the writer with fome obfervations on thefe farpriling pro- perties of the leech, and the means of judging of the feveral changes of the wea- ther from his gefticulations. I remember about twenty years ago, more or lefs, an account being pubiifhed in the Northamp- ton Mercury, of this property of the leech in foretelling the different changes of the _ weather, with the method of treating him, and a fet of obfervations made from the long attention paid to one kept by the writer of that article, how to judge of what changes of weather were to enfue.— T had them once in my poffefion, copied from that paper, but which now I have miflaid, and not being near any file of _thofe papers of that aitfent date, 1 am un- able to refer, I conceive if any of your 595 Correfpondents who feel interefted in this difcovery would apply at Peele’s Coffee- houfe, the Northampton papers of that’ period may be found there. As I amaconftant reader and great admirer of your Mifcellany, I fhall feel my(elf indebted to fome of your numerous Correfpondents for their information asto the beft publication now extant relating to the making all forts of wines from fruit, &c. grown in England, proved from ac- tual experience. Iam, Sir, &c. R. RUFFHEADs Lidlington, near Woburn, Bedfordfhire, Ot, 2451805.) 11 ——ae— To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. SIR, ERMIT me to reply to your Corre- fvondent Mr. James Eaftburn, of New-York, through the channel of your Mifceflany ; as that gentleman has avail- ed himfelf of your indulgence to make his inquiry through that medium in the Num- ber for this month. He afks, ‘* Whether there is any pro- fpest that a continuation of the Hiftory of Proteftant Diffenters will be foon publifh- ed >?” I thank him for the inquiry, as it in- forms me that the defign excites attentions and is a prefumptive proof that my edition of the ‘* Hittory of the Puritans,” by Mr. Neal, has not only reached America, but met with approbation there. Various occurrences creating a demand on my immediate attention and time, have for feven years obftruéted my execution of the intentions I had formed to continue, or rather refume, the ** Hiftory of the Dif fenters from the Period of the Revolution ;”’ but I have never wholly loft fight of that defion. LI canrct fix a date for the ap- pearance of that work, but hope to be able, at the opening of the next fpring, if Providence favour me with health, to pronounce fome confiderable progre(s in it. The queition propofed by Mr. Eatt- burn aéts on my mind as aftimulus to. the profecution of it; and in the meantime I fhali féel myfelt greatly obliged :and en- couraged by the communicaticn from him, or any other gentleman, of iuch hints or materials as may afliit my purpoie, and contribute to the execution of it with cor. rectne(é, authenticity and merit. Iam, Sir, your's, &e. Joshua TOULMINe Birmingham, O&. 1%, 1805 3Dz2 To 96 Paintings in the Hiftoric Gallery-—Culture of Rofesy@&c. (Dec. 1 To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. SIR, BSERVING that the Legiflature has granted to Robert Bowyer, Bfq. of London, the privilege of difpofing of his ‘colleGtion of pi&tures in the Hiftoric Gal- »lery, Pall-Mall, and various other works of art, by way of, lottery, and as many of your country-readers have not an op- portunity of knowing the value of the paintings and engravings which are to be difpofed of, and who might be induced to purchafe tickets, it would be efleemed a favour if fome artift or judge of thefe works would give, through the medium of your widely-circulated publication, fome account of the merit and execution of thefe refpefive Works. It might be doing an effentia] fervice to the proprietor, in promoting the fale of his tickets, and in fome degree tend to do away the prejudice that exifts with many perfons, from the dilappointment they experienced on the receipt of fuch poor prints as were given for the blanks in the late lottery’ granted to Mr. Boydell. ~ Your giving this an early infertion will oblige the public, and your conftant reader, An ARTIST. . Leeds, O8. 12, 1805. —_—_— Ta the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. ) yusiRs asf NEW mode of employing land was ftated in your Magazine for July to havé been adopted near Batterfea. My » contiguous refidence to this place induced me to inquire into the cireumliance, and T found it applied, as I imagined, toa confiderable plantation of rofes in my own ‘ parifh. I have feen the ingenious propri- * etor of this concern, and colleé& from him, that your former fiatement upon this fub- : je& mutt have been sent you by a perfon fuperficially informed of it. The manu- faéture of otto of rofes from this plantation has‘in the laft feafon been condu&ted to a - confiderable extent, and (although the © fummer was unfavourable to thofe flowers) has been attended with fuccefs. Your . former ftatement is imperfe& as to the produce of otto ; I thall therefore, for the information of the curious, ftate the pro-: ceed of this year, as it has been given to me by the proprietor. Several thouland bufhels of rofes have been made ule of, and the average produce of otto about two ounces and two drachins from one hun- dred bufhels, or fix hundred pounds weight of the flowers when gathered.— ~ Befides the otto, a quantity of rofe water is obtained, of fimilar quality to that which is ufually imported from the Con- tinent. This circumftance, though not likely to be of much public utility, may poflibly be attended with fome local ad- vantages, fuch as affording employment fora number of women and children, and will, without doubt, be acceptably amuf- ing tothe curious in botany, chemiltry, &c. Iam, Sir, &c. R. J. BurcHer, ' Vicar of Wand{worth. Vandfworth, OF. 28, 18¢5. ec To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. SIR, I WAS gratified in your two laft publi- cations with the defcription of the American borer. I have had two in my pofleffion fome years, brought me by a triend from: Baltimore, and am {9 convine- ed o} their utility in preference to the com- es ~ e mon Englith auger in general practice, ‘ that I thall feel mylelf happy in thewing them to any perfons who may not fully ~comprehend the defcription in your laft, and am, Sir, &c. R. CHEFFINSe New-River-Yard, Salifbury-/quare, 25th Sept. 1805. sg To the Editor-of the Monthly Magazine. SIR, EADING Evans’s Tour in North Wales, taken in 1798, and printed 1800, I am furprifed to tee the following botanical difcovery. At page 197, fpeak. ing of one of the leffer hills of Snowdon, . Mr. E. fays, ‘* Among the rocks appears the very rare plant bulbocodium vernum. This plant, though a native of Spain, is alfo found far north on the cold moun- tains in Ruffia.” I am Gill more furprifed that fo rare a plant (if really growing there) has never been noticed by the numercus botanifts who have made tours in this part of Wales folely for the purpofe of botanical re- fearches, that it fhould have efcaped their obfervation, or never yet have been an- nounced in any botanical work. In Curtis’s Botanical Magazine is a plate of the bulbocodium vernum, but no idea fuggefted of its being a Britifh plant, nor have the lateft publications taken any notice of fuch a new genus. There is no date to Mr. E’s letter in this Tonr, bet, if it was in autumn, fure- ly he could not miftake the colchicum au- tumnale, which is of avery different order, though of the fame clafs; nor was it ever : known ! verfmiths. -1805.] “Known to grow on rocks, though the ge- “Neral appearance of the flower might be -fimilar to an incurious obferver. Page 245 Mr. E. fays, ‘* We fought in vain for the non-deferiot plant which is called afaleur pren, whole truit refembles ‘da lemon, and is faid to grow upon the top of Penmaen., We were informed that con- tinual attempts have been made to tranf. plant it from this elevated Situation with- out effect. The laft attempt was made by Lord Bulkeley : it was tranfplanted into his garden at Baron-Hill, buc foon dwindled and died.”’ T have never heard or read of any Bri- tith plant whofe fruit refembles a lemon, and fhould be glad to know fomething ‘more ot fo great a curiofity. Tn the extenfive reach of your Magazine, T hope an inquiry after thee very rare plants may attraét the attention of Mr. “Evans himfelf, or fome botanitt who will ‘be kind enough, through the fame chan- “nel, to enlighten me by communicating fome more fatisfattory information on the ‘fubje&, and gratifying the curiofity of, Sir, your obedient fervant, M. S. Sept. 6, 1805. For the Monthly Magazine. An ACCOUNT of MONS, from the TRA- VELS of CAMUS. ’ 1 Ries two principal towns of Jemmape ' are Mons and Tournay. Mons has ‘fearcely any manufacturers put a few fil- Citizen Gauthier has fet up a “manufacture of kniited-ftockings, the famples of which, at the exhibition of the ‘Progrefs of induftry in the eleventh year, “merited a bronze medal. This prize “brought his manufaétire into fathion ; ‘and Gauthier, from that date, has not been able to anfwer the deminds for it. * The library of the central {chool has been eitablithed in a church, ia which they have fitted up a fuperb hall. The books _ are valuable ; there are fome fcarce ones ; “among others, a magnificent copy of Pto- ‘Temy, printed on vellum, at Venice, in T51r, with coloured maps; and many {mall books, in the firft age of printing. |= ¥n all the libraries there is a want of “modern books, of books of French lite- “rature, and of works that teach the know- “Nedge of books. The celebration of the. firft vintage has te occafion for games, within a prepar- inclofure. Different communes chale Tenge each other to play at fives ; a preat B 7 eft is felt in thele contelts ; judges Account of the City of Mons. 397 are chofen from thofe who were in youth men of celebrity at the f{port, to decide be- twern the players ; they fucceffively ex- clude from the conteft the communes who have been defeated in former challenges, till in the end’ there remain two or three only tor the competition... The laft ehal- lenge was between the town of Mons and the borough of Soignies ; the latter gained the victory. The players who obtain this honoar for their community are entertain~ ed. by their fellow-citizens, who affemble at the conteft, lead them off with pomp, and always conclude the day, after the manner of Honier’s heroes, wtth an enters tiinment protraéted to a late hoer. Yhe humane eftablifhments of Mons are, firit, a houfe of induftry, which, has not exilted above eight days, and in that time, even in’ a week; cleared’ the town of eighty beppars. Every thing is conducted on the mof advantageous plan, in a large howfe that was formerly a con- vent. ‘The poor of Mons are difficult to be pleafed. There are foundations which place a great number of the idle in a con- dition to live without labour. They claimed a liberty to beg as aright; and to difcover who were beggars, it has been found neceffary to permit them to beg.— On the day when the houle of induftry was opened, all thefe permiffions were annul- Jed ; the law of the 241th of Vendemiaire againtt beggary was carried into execu- tion, and beggary has difappeared. The deterted children are very nume- rous ; 220 in the houfe of reception ; 450 in the country. This defertion is ~no more than a name 3 it has nothing real in in it. The parents who are tired of main- taining their children quit the town and leave their children in it. The neigh- bours lead them to the houfe of reception, and declare that they are deferted chil- dren whole father and mother have left the town. The children are received.— Two days after the parents come back again’; and asthe children have'the liber- ty of going out, the parents fee them as often as they judge” proper. means then, in this town, to place in the national hands to be gratuitoufly boarded. To defert This abufe was long ago p:ofcribed.—» _ There is an old ordinance of the fheriffs of the town of Mons, in the year 1664, td this effeét :—That, as it was found * that there were fathers and mothers fo unnatu- ral as to defert their children, and huf- bands who had fo little affe&tion as to leave their wives, under the hope that they would $98 Account of the City of Mons.—Style of Dr. Darwin. [Dec. ¥, would be maintained by the alms of the community, we the aforefaid fheriffs de- elare, that they who fhall be apprehended and convigted of this impiety or want of affcGiion, fhall he whipped and banithed, or otherwife punifiied according to the exi- gence of the cafe” In the prefent times, when they have dropped the whipping, to defert c\vldren goes unpunifhed. There 3s no other means of preventing it but by depriving the parents who abandon their children of all right in them and of all conneftion with them. The prefedt of the North appears to me to have very wie wiews on this point. He has in his de- partment houfes for the reception of the deferted in many towns, and he places the children left on the public in one town in the hofpital of another town. When the deferted children are at the breaft, they fend them to be nurfed in the country, and fopply thera with clothes, at the expence of twenty-fix livres. The hofpital for orphans has ninety children of both fexes ; the boys are under the dive&tion of a prieft ; the girls under the care of a woman ; the fleeping-rooms are large and airy. Here, and in many ether hofpitals of the neighbouring towns, the beditcads are made of iron. Eight or ten beds are conneéted together by one frame, which faves the confumption of meta], and forms a mafs which it is not eafy toremove. The children lie two by two together. The military hofpital was originally conttruéted by Marfhal Vauban. I? is built on an extenfive fcale; the rooms Jarge and lofty. The outfide has been in- jered by a number of {mall buildings for the accommodation of perfons whom Vau- ban probably never thought of; and the mide has been hurt by feparations and partitions. Though there was very much room, the fick are crowded together.— Theonly circumftance whichis favourabie is, that as there are empty chambers, they, two,or three times a-year, remove the fick into different rooms. The general hofpital is known by the name of St. Nicholas. The fick are weil taken care of by a corporation of young women. Themen and the women are in the fame ward, feparated by a p:rtition. Many hofpitals in this part of Flanders are difpofed on the fame pian. The beds are made after the fame model: they are exactly boxes of joiner’s work, inclofed at the head and feet, on one fide and over, and protected by curtains on the only fide where they are left open. All this box- work, ornamented with mouldings, and fometimes pillars with chaplets and archi- traves, richly carved, make a fine fhew of architecture, and is without doubt what the architects defigned ; but it is a bad contrivance for the fick, about whom-is colle@ted all the dut and dirt, without be- ing able to leflen or remove it, as they cannot turn the hedsabout. The fick are left to be incommoded by all the inie&s that inhabit this old wainfeot. In fome hofpitals they haye had the good fenie to detach the bed{teads trom the niches, that they may be able to draw them forward, and remove the fick with eafe! But in other places they have another good con- trivance. Inftead of curtains there are two oaken doors, bound with iron and fur- nifhed with locks. Thefe are intended for the fick in a delirium. The doors are fhut; the patient finds himfelf inclofed in a prefs ; only in the upper part there isa {mall hole of three or four inches; but they do not forget to fix on the fides or at the ends iron cramps, to faften the chains with which they fometimes tie him in his bed ; nor do they omit the gag, to pres vent his cries. The prifons are in general healthy and fecure. The bridewell is near toa high building, which is called the caftle 5 but it is only a tower, on which are placed.a clock, and the lodge of the town-watch. man. The clock chimes remarkably well ; the hours and half hours with a great bell ; the quarters of hours with the ufual chime ; and the half-quarters with a {mall one. At the half-hour the chimes give the hour which will follow; when the clock ftrikes, it again repeats the hour.— This is the cuftom through all the coun- try, where chimes are very ufual. Tn the evening-parties they fometimes offer a lemonade compofed of the juice of the lemon and fugar, and wine mixed with water, initead of pure water. eS To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. SIR, LLOW me to preface the following A communication with exprefling my admiration of the philofephical poetry of Darwin. He does not indeed excel in pa- thos ; nor is he one of thofe children of the Mufes who could have fung their ‘ wood-notes wild ;°’ but as much as a rich philofophical fancy conttitutes a poet, the art of pogtry was entirely his, No one 1803.] Style of Dr. Darwin.—Explanation of the Word Maffacre. 399 one has carried the curious mechanifm of verfe, and the artificial magic of poetical diétion, to higher perfe€tion. His volca- nic bead flamed with imagination, but his _torpid heart flept, unawakened by paffion. He tried his poetry by a very contracted feale’; for in a falfe fyem which he affumes in one of his dialogues, he would periuade us that the eflence of poetry is defcriptive ; fomething of which a painter can makea picture. When a verie was picture(que, with him it was therefore fufficiently po- etical. But the language of the paffions has rarely any connexion with this axiom. Ina word, what he delineates as poetry itfelf, is but a province of poetry. Hence it is, that, with this illufive ftandard, he has compofed a poem which is perpetually faricy,and never paffion. Hence his pro- ceffional fplendour fatigues, his deferip- tive ingenuity lofes its novelty, and the de- ficiency of a connecting table is a want which art cannot fupply with all its mi- racles. ' . \Ithas accidentally fallen to my lot to have made a Darwinian difcovery, which { now think proper to explain. I have Jately obferved, more than once, in the Monthly Review, an expreffion to which I conceive I have given origin. Whenever the reviewer mentions the Darwinian verfe, he adds, *‘or rather Brookian.”? The firft difeovery of what I confider palpable imitation in Darwin, was made by the Edinburgh reviewers, who accidentally fell _upen a firlt edition of the poem in- titled ‘‘ Univerfal Beauty,’ probably in the Advocates’ Library at Edinburgh ;- bot thefe critics are young ftudents, little verfed in literary hiftory ; and I commu- nicated the author’s. name to your pub- lither, for the ufe of your Magazine ; .but ic was confidered, I conceive, to be more appropriately given to the Brookiana, where, Lunderiiand, it is claimed for the author. There is alfo a Latin poem by one De La Croix, intitled ‘* Counubia Florum,” fuk publitied in France about 1727, and reprinted at London in 1791, with notes and obfervations by Sir Richard Clayton. I underftand a tranflation is now projected ; the tafk is hazardous ; if _ the verfification is inferior to Darwin's, it may be impoffible to detect our author's imitation. Of this La Croix I have in vain fought for fome account. Was he one of thofe ingenious Jefuits who about that time amufed the literary world with thovt. phi- lelophical poems? A lift of fome of thefe fingular works (forming by themfelves a cials of poetry) is given in the ‘* Curiof- ties of Literature,”” vol. il., p.65, 4th edition. Some of thefe fabjects are oa gold, paper, cunpowder, fhips, &c., which approximate both in matter and manner to the philofophical poetry of Darwin, in- lifting imagmation under the banners of {cience. Perhaps a critici{m on thefe pc- ems would efford a very entertaining fub- jet for the elegant difcrimination of Dr. Drake. They may be found in collect. ed ftate perfect. T have now an additional information refpecting the ‘* Botanic Garden.” Ia 1750 wus publifhed a Swedith poem at Stockholm, intitled «* The Marriage of Plants,’ by John Guft. Wahlbom, in 8vo. The “ ‘Yournal des Scavans, vol, 158, p- 501, gives the following notice :— «© The author defigns to thew that ‘trees and plants have both {exes as/in animals. The work is accounted here to be equally curious and interefting.”” Some literary Swede will perhaps in- form us what this pocm is? If it be merely a tranflation from La Croix, it would feem that the French reviewer would have claimed it as national pro= perty ; nor would the Swede have ventur- ed to prefix his name to a mere verfion of a foreign poem, without acknowledging to whom he was {fo deeply indebted. We mult fill wait, with fome curiofity, to know the chara&ter, the value, and the originality, of the Swedith poem of Mr. Wahlbom on “ The Marriage of Plants.” ; Lam, Sir, &c. Sa: Vee Lincaln’s-Inn, Nov, 6, 1805. =r To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. SIR, ; I MUST beg leave to differ in opinion from your Correfpondent ‘* Hiftori- cus’’ with regard to the meaning attached by the French to the word ‘ mafacre.” I received my education in France, am~ familiar with the language, and am in the habit of converfing daily with people of that country. The word, as, I conflan.Jy hear it ap- plied, has the fame meaning as in Englifh, viz., bafe and barbarous murder. The maflicres of September 1792, at Paris ; the maffacres of the prifoners on their way from Orleans ; the previous maf- facres at Avignon ; all noted for their atrocities, bear in French no other name ; which certainly does not mean the {ame thing ‘ 400 French and Englifo Terms,—Bion’s Epitaph on Adonis, thingas ‘ to put tothefword,” * pafer au fil de Vepée,* when vidtors, mad with con- queft, enter a devoted town. The word is uled figui atively, as we do * murder,’ for things. notorioufly ill-done, or fpoiled inthe making: a Frenchman will fay that the taylor who fpoilt his coat maflicred it, worfe than murdered, mutilated, mangledit. There are certainly a great number of words which, having the fame derivation, aod almoft the fame orthography, in French and in Englifh, are very liable to be miftaken. I have fometimes thought of making a lift of them, for the ule of be- ginners and travflators who have not the habit of converfation, which alone can htt them right. I fhall mention a few that happen to occur to me. When the late unfortunate Louis was reduced to afk favours of his mean and barbarous tyrants, the tranflators that I have feen uniformly Englith Fe nad © I demand,’ wieréas it means ‘I atk,” ©T requett.” The term figure, underftood in Englifh of the perfon, in French means the face. The words induffrie and ‘ indultry’ have not at all the fame fenfe; the French word means a quality of the mind; that adtivity of the body which we call in- duftry has no exact fubftantive that I know of; an induftrious manis called Uz homme laborieux ;—the is very induftrious, Elle eft bie laborieufe : their indultry ra- ther means * ingenuity,’ ‘contrivance; as, Un chevalier d’indifirie, « one who lives upon his wits. Extravagance, {pelt exactly the fame in'both languages, is by no means the fame word: it is never applied by the French to fquandering or expenfivene(s, though ft is to other impradences.— Quelle extravagance! _* What abfur- dity § What madnels!'—Vous extra- vaguez 1 * You rave!” The word intrigue is not fo confined in its fenfe as in Englifh ; a perfon perfectly chafte may be intriguing in their fenfe of the word. If he can make his way in the world, and extricate himfelf from difficul- ties, he is {aid to be intriguing, without incurring the flighteft blame. Large means ‘ wide,” and largeur © width,’ and not bignets, like our ¢ large.” Brave often means ¢ good,” but gallan-_ try never means § courage,’ as it often does in Eng! ‘ith. CaraGére, which we are fo apt to En- glith ‘ charaéter,’ means temper and difpo- fition, and not reputation, a [D ec. 1, I have feen Aller a gorge decouverte tranflated ‘to go with the throat bare,” inftead of the bofom, which laf (though gorge is literally ¢ throat’) is_neverthelefs the fenfe of the phrafe ; for I believe the frigteft Puritan never difcovered any thing indecent ina woman’s fhowing her throat’; yet my fair countrywomen feem to have taken a hint from this blunder to cover up the latter fo carefully, while the other is fo frequently difplayed. This miftake re- minds me of a French tranflator of Englith Plays, who calls ‘* Love’s laft Shitt’—La derntere Chemife de? Amour. I am, Sir, &c. A. L. M. November 8, 1805. To the Editor of the Monthly Magaritte SIR, N a fele&tion from ete minor Greek po- ets, publifhed in 1799, and called ‘© The Wreath,” I tranflated Bion’s beautiful Epitaph on Adonis. In turning the word xvayasore, in the 4th verfe, E clad the widow’d Venus in weeds, when, inftead of black, I have fince had reafon to think that I might with propriety have fuffered her to mourn the dead Adonis in a blue or azurerobe. Kuvaveo¢, & xvavosy may be interpreted caruleus, although it commonly fignifies miger, as xvaven Meleager, and elfewhere. Since, then, it might have been tranflated ‘a blue or azure robe,” this is the reafon why it thould perhaps have been fo tranflated: | The colour ufed for mourning varies in different countries. Under the word Ay- dad, in Meninfki, is the following note.— «¢ The Perfian hiftorians fay that the firft mourning was introduced by Darius, the Mede, about fix hundred years before Chrift, upon the death of his fon, the fa- ther of Cyrus, anda change of drefs to blue was ordered by th la throughout the Perfianempire.””. It is nothing to the parpole ; but I may add, that this continued till the death of a foa of Ali, when it was laid afide for black by the Mahometans, who celebrate a feftival on the anniverfary of his death, on the roth of the firft month Moharram of the Hegira, beginning at the vernal equinox. The immediate defcendants of Ali wear green by way of diftintion, which made the Ruffians at Ifmael all take that colour to infult the foe. ns } Epwarb Du Bois. emple, an ta \ 1805.] Infcription on a Medal of Louis XIV_—Fragments, &e. “401 To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. SIR, HE “ flattering infcription on a me- dallion of Louis XIV., reipecting which your Correfpondent D. detires in- formation, was not taken upon truft from any other authority, but copied by myfelf from the origins! monument, formerly poffeffed by the late Dr. Mead, but at pre- fent owned by a friend of mine. T was, however, guilty of a trifling imaccuracy, in mentioning the ‘¢ mint” inftead of the “* foundery ; the piece in quefticn being a gilt bronze caft ; though the elegant neatnefs of the execution gives it the ap- pearance of having been ftruck with a die. It is five inches and ahalf in diameter, ex- hibiting a buft of the monarch on a pedef- tal—-his breaft plate ornamented with his favourite device of a fun in meridian glory. At the bottom are marked the ar- tift’s name and the date, viz. ** Berthinet. 1672.” If your Correfpondent D. wifhes to be further acquainted with that valuable re- main, he has now an opportunity of per- fonally examining it at Mr. Kearfley’s in Fleet-fireet, where the prefent owner has fora while left it for the infpeétion of the curious. In the Morning Poft of September 2, appeared a tranflation of the Infcription, which (with an alteration, for better, for worle) I fend to you for infertion. See, in profile, great Louis here defign’d. *Full drawn, his dazzling front would firike you blind. Tain, Sir, your conftant reader, Sept. 9, 1805. GIOVANNI, For the Monthly Magazine. EPIGRAMS, FRAGMENTS, and: FUGI- TIVE PIECES, from the GREEK. [Continued from p. 319 of our laft Number.) T was a cuftom very general among the Greeks for the lover to deck the door of his miftre{s with flowers and gar- lands, thinking, as Athenzus fays, that the God of Love himfelf was reprefented in the perfon of her whom he adored, and that the houfe inhabited by her was the real temple of Cupid, ard to be honoured * In the M. Poft the line ran thus— ** Both eyes, pourtray’d, would ftrike the gazer blind:” but ‘¢ Jes yeux,” in che original, are the gazer’s eyes, not thofe of Louis. MonTHLY Maa. No, 136. in every refpectas a confecra'ed place.—« Flowers were the moit favourite «emblems of their paffions and feelings. The gays the luxurious, the happy, boucd their - brows with garlands at ‘heir feafts or marriages ; the cefpairing or the unaf- fured lover, Et quifquis amores Aut metuet dulces aut experictur amaros,, t re off the emblematic crown and offered it at the gate of his miftrefs. The love- fick maid expreffed her paffion by weaving pofies and chaplets. The graves of the dead were ftrewed with flowers. We need not then wonder at the frequency with which they occur in the (maller poems of which I am treating. Two very beauti- ful ones occur to me at,this moment, which I have thus endeavoured to tranf- late. Hy Acvuxoy tov OarrAcs, MELEAGBR. Now the white violet decks the mead, The dew-befprent narciffus blows, And on the flowery mountain’s head The wildly-fcattered lily grows. Each lovelieft child of fummer throws Her charms and fragrance to the Suny And Julia’s opening lips difclofe The rofe of fweet perfuafion. Meadows ! why do ye {mile in vain In robe of green and garlands gay ? When Julia moves along the plain, She breathes a fweeter charm than they. A lover in the depth of winter prefents a wreathe of hot-houfe flowers to his lady onher birth-day, with the following little compliment, prettily introduced, by mak- ing the rofes themfelves the apparent deli- verers of it. *Excepog nvOupzev Vo mpi pode. Children of Spring, but now in wintry fnow, a We, purple Rofes, for Amanda blow. Duteous we {mile upon thy natal morn ; Thy bridal bed to-morrow we adorn. Oh fweeter far to bloom our little day Wreath’d in thy hair, than wait the funny May! Ideas very fimilar to thofe conveyed in thefe little poems of antiquity occur fre- quently to our recollefion in the works of Shakfpeare. The flowers which Ophelia fcatters about have each their appropriate emblematic meaning, not {uch as madnefs has fuddenly gifted them with, but fuch as fimple tradition had fixed upon them, and the memory of which is recalled to her dittraéted imagination. Thole which are {prinkled over the grave of Fidele bear each fome elegantly tanciful allufion to 3E : his 402 his perfon.* The poet has given his fancy yet a wider range in the diftribution of flowers which Perdita makes at the pattoral-feaft in the “* Winter’s Tale.’— How beautifully the fame cuftom with that prevalent among the ancients of ftrewing the graves of the deceafed with flowers is introduced in the following lines : O Proferpina ! For the flowers now that, frighted, thou let’ fall From Dis’s waggon ! daffodils, That come before the {wallow dares, and take The winds of March with beauty; violets dim, But fweeter than the lids of Juno’s eyes, Or Cytherea’s breath ; pale primrofes, That die unmarried, ere they can behold Bright Phebus in his ftrength 5 gold tulips, ‘ and ‘The crown imperial 3 lilies of all kinds, The fleur-de-lis being one ; oh! thefe I lack To make you garlands of ; and, my {weet friend, To ftrow him o’er and o’er. Florizel.] What, like acorfe ? Perdita.| oj like a bank for love to lic and play on ; Not like acorfe ; or if—not to be buried, But quick, and in mine arms. A& 4, Sc. 3. Among Burns's Scottifh Poems is alfo avery beautiful one deferibing with the fame misutencfs of detail a garland woven for his miftrefs. But it would be endilefs to furn fh inftances of this nature from the ftores of pafteral or naturally- defcriptive poetry. Inthe ages and in the lands of chivalry no lefs were flowers adopted as the emblems of love or con- flancy. * « Julia de Gonzaga, the wife of Vefpa- fian Colonna, after her hufband’s death took for her device an amaranth, which herbalits call * flower of love,” with amotio << gon moritura,” by which the meant to ¢. prefs that her firft love fhould be eternal ; and fhe maintained her refolution ; for tiou_h in the prime of youth and beauty, and fought afier by the moft noble lords of Italy, the fent them all off with this duemma :—** It the map I marry turns out a good hufband, I fhall be always afraid of loing him; if a bad one, I fhall not be able toendsre him.”” She faid, with the unfortunate Queen of Car- thage, but with a firmer mind to fupport her determinaticn, * While fummer lafts, and I live here, Fiiele, Epigrams, Fragments, Sc. from the Greek. { Dec. 1, Ille meos, primus qui me fibi junxit, amores | Abftulit ; ille habeat fectim, fervetque fepul- chro. Bayle mo ungallantly fuppofes that had the Lady Julia met with an Afneas, fhe would not have maintained her favou- rite device longer than Dido did her oath ; but this is a moft impudent piece of feur- - rility worthy of the author, but which calls for the utter contempt of all who pretend to the honour and lofty fpirit of chivalry. But by far the greateft number of the amorous poems preferved in the Antholo- giaarein praife of the fair, defcriptive of the raptures of love or the charms of the adored object. Here the Italian fonnet, the canzone of the Troubadouis- and the Englith fong, are but fo many thades of the old Greek epigram. When Bron, in the true janguage of romance, ex: laims Who fees the heav’nly Rofaline, That, like a rude and favage man of Ind", At the firft opening of the gorgeous eaft, Bows ‘not his vaflal head, and, ftrucken blind, Kiffes the bafe ground with obedient breaft ? What peremptory eagle-fighted eye Dares look upon the heaven of her brow That is not blinded by her Majefty ? His addrefs is in the fame fpirit with that of the Grecian courtier. "Oure padev cepavey Emideverae. Pau. SILENT, We afk no flow’rs to crown the blufhing rofe, Nor glittering gems thy beauteous form to deck. The pearl, in Perfia’s precious gulph that glows, Yields to the dazzling whitenefs of thy neck, , Gold adds not to the luftre of thine hair, But, vanquifh’d, fheds a fainter radiance there. ’ The Indian hyacinth’s celeftial hue Shrinks from the pure effulgence of thin® eye} The Paphian ceftus bathes thy lips in dew, And gives thy form celeftial harmony ; My foul would perifh in the melting blaze, But for thine eyes where Hope for ever plays. And what is Dumain’s elegant fonnet in the fame romantic play (Love's Lay bour’s Loft). On a day (alack the day !) Love, whofe month is ever May, Spied a bloffom pafling fair Playing in the wanton air: Thro’ the velvet leaves the wind (All unfeen) ’gan paflage find, ‘ : That 1803.] That the lovet, fick to death, With’d himfelf the heav’n’s breath : © Air (quoth he) thy cheeks may blow; Air, would I might triumph fo!” &c.. > What is it but a more fanciful expan- fion of the thought contained in the firkt ftanza of the following epigram, though fomewhat differently clothed in the lan- guage of Dionyfias the Sophift ? ED” aveleog yevopeny. Oh that I were fome gentle air, That, when the heats of fummer glow, And lay thy panting bofom bare, I might upon that bofom blow ! Ob that I were yon blufhing flow’r Which even now thy hands have preft, To live, tho’ but for one fhort hour, Within th’ elyfium of thy breaft ! To have done, for the prefent, with in- flances of reiemblance, which are certain- ly not altogether fanciful, are we not ftrongly reminded of the tender morning- {cene between Romeo and his youthful bride by the following lines of Antipater Sidonius ? Oh hateful bird of motn, whofe harfh alarms Drive me thusearly from Chryfilla’s arms, Forc’d from th’ embrace, fo newly tried, to fly ' With bitter foul to curs’d fociety. Qld Age has fprinkled Tithon’s brows with fhow— No more his veins in ruddy currents fow— How cold his fenfe! his wither’d heart how dead ! Who drives fo foon a goddefs from his bed, Thave already remarked on the ftriking fimilarity between our. favourite fone, ‘© D.ink to me only with thine Eyes,” and anepigram of Agathias, the tranfla- tion of which was prelented in a former Number, and I pointed out the fource from whence the Eaglith poem was pro- babiy derived. An ides very fimilar oc- curs in thefe few lines of Meleager’s. To Sxudog nde yeynbe. Bleft is the bowl—its fides declare Where lovely Lefbia’s lips have been. Ob might her foul be falten’d there, And at one draught be fwallow’d in ! They allin faé allude to a piece of gal- Jantry not unfrequently ufed among the Greeks, of which we find the following account in Achilles Tatius : ~ © When we were all aflembled again at fupper, the cup-bearer furnifhed us witha new artifice of Jove; for in pouring out wine to Leucippe and myfelf, he changed our cups; and I, obferving that part of the brim where her lips had been, drank from the fame fide and pleafed my/elf with Epigrams, Fragments, &c. from the Greek. s 403 the image of a kifs ; which Leucippe ’ feeing, did the fame; and the kind eup- bearer frequently employing the fame ftra- tagem to favour us, we confumed the whole evening in pledging each other with thefe fanciful kiffes.” ; I have already faid enough of the high eftimation in which the amorous deity was held among the Greeks; but he has not yet been reprefented in the honourable Jight in which he is held up to us by Euri- pides, as * The affociate of wifdom and the beftower of every virtue.” Tn Yopia wapedpys Epwrac Tlavroiag "Apetag Cuveey ase Or by Plato, O robwy Enghyny ety A'vOgamrorc, merdyes d¢ yariny Navéuiay 7” Avia, xdvruy TE Urvoy 5” evs XADE be He fets the mind of man at peace, He {mooths the billows of the main, He bids the raging tempeft ceafe, And gives delicious reft to pain. A certain independence and lof.inefs of charaéter has been often placid among the peculiar attributes of this paffion, which fo completely engreffes the foul as to leave no room for the indulgence of more fordid or ambitious purfuits. Mn cuy’ Em adarorping. Deign not to fawn upon a pamper’d lord, Nor yield thy honour for a coftly board. Skame to the parafite who ftoops fo iow To low’r or brigh‘en from his patron’s brow. Slave tho’ Lam, my fetters love beguilesa= I {mile or weep as julia weeps or f{miles, That love has been often the infpirer of generous and valiant aétions muf cer- tainly be admitted ; and inftances of this fa& are not to be fought fir only in the tales of chivalry. The ftory of Cheli- donis, related by Plutarch, is a confirma- tion of the remark. This was a Lace- dzmonian lady who had the misfortune to be married to a prince whom the defpifed, and to be violently attached to a lover whofe attractions are reprefented to have exceeded all others of his time, and whote valour proved him worthy of being ho- noured by the {miles of the fair. Cleo nymus, her hufband, being bantthed the {tate in confequence «f fome civil commo- tions, incited Pyrrhus king of Epirus to make war on his countrymen. ‘The ence my was at the gates of Sparta, and Areng abfent with the belt part of his-forces. In this exivemity the city was detended againft the fierceft affaults of the Epirots by the courage of the Spartan women till the return of the alfent army, Still the 3E2 victory 404 Epigrams, Fragments, victory was doubtful, and the danger of Sparta imminent. It was then that the valour of the gallant Aerotatas difplayed itfelf in agtions that almoft furpals belief. The Jat affaul: ended in the total difcom- fiture of the Epirots and of the unfortu- nate’ Cleonymus ; and Aerotatas, as he was returning victorious from the place which he had fignalized by his concluding exploits, was hailed by the acclamations of the people, ** Now return and enjoy thy beautiful Chelidonis !”’ This ftcry has about it very much of the air of a Gothic fable. The difcomfiture of the unfortunate hufband, and the tri- umph of the fuccefsful lover, is exaéily in the ftyle of the Breton lays and the fabii- aux of the Troubadours.* The whole adventure feems to belong rather to an Amadis de Gaul ora Lancelot du Lac than to an ancient Greek, and above all toa Spartan; and the recital of it, both for its fentiments and its morality, would have founded better from the mouth of Guillaume de Lovris,t than from that of the grave and philofophic fage of Cha- ronea. but the Sparta of the age of Pyr- rlius was no longer that of Lycurgus.— However in much earlier times we find that her ancient heroes facrificed to Cu- pid before a battle. It may perhaps be too much to affert that this pra@lice ob- tained in conformity with the maxim of Euripides which I have quoted, and that thefe honours were aftually paid to love asthe principle of generous and worthy actions ; but the conje&ture appears tu me much more reafonable than the far- fetched conttrufion of Athenzus, whofe account of the fact and obfervation upon jt are as follows :—*‘* The Lacedzemo- nians, before they drew out their army in order of battle, facrifice to love, becaule vigtory and fafety confift in the friendly union: of the foldiers.” Would not Caf tor and Pollux have been more pro, er ob- jects of worfhip, if that alone were the motive, then of the God of Love? But if the motive of the Lacedemonians in this inttance may be atrended with fome doubts, that of the Athenians cannot ad- mit of any 3; who, in their Parthenon, placed the ftatue of Cupid next to that of their patron-gvddels, and facrificed to both jomey. This cuttom net only moft for- —— * See the ** Lay ot Sir Gugimer,” and one or two others, in Mr. Way’s Tranflations from Le Grand, + The author of the ** Roman de la Rote.” &Sc. from the Greek. [Dec. 1, cibly illuftrates the beautiful maxim of the poet, but evidently fuggeted ir to him. But he does not appear to have been al- ways fohonourably treated. If we are to believe Arittophon ( Athenzus, lib. xiii.), we find that he was difgracefully ejected from the fynod of the gods asa feditious turbulen: demagogue, who loved to throw every thing into confufion, and that he then had his wings clipped, thet he may never more be able to Ay back to heaven, but be conftrained to live among men, where he is ftill at liberty to do as much mifchief as he pleafes. Here he has ever fince been the fource of confufion and dif- order of every kind. The unfortunate viétim to his power muft from that in- ftant bid farewel to his reafon and his judgment ; he muft not even preferve the flighteit pretenfions to feofe or wit ; and it was perhaps in allufion to the frame of mind to which it is abfolutely neceflary that he fhould be reduced, that the Gre- cian fhepherd tore the garland from his head and fattened it at ‘he door of his mif- tre(s, not fo much ‘fora prefent to her as for a propitiatory offering to the God of Love. Ap alleviation to the amorous forrows of a female mind js prettily offered in the following lines. . Ti cup 5 vi 08 TavTa Kopens 5 Why iow’rs my lovely Caroline, and why Thofe trefles torn, that river in thine eye ? I have a charm for bleeding hearts that mourn Love’s fickle wanderings, cold negle&, and fcorn. Oh vainly mute! thofe fpeaking eyes reveal The pang that gloomy filence would conceal. «Abraham Hoffmannus (fays Burton) relates out of Plato how that Empedocles the philofopher was prefent at the cutting up of one that died for love. * His heart was combutt, his liver fmoky, his lungs dried up, iniomuch that he verily believed his foul was either fod or roafted through the vehemency of love's fire.” Which, belike, made a modern writer of amorous emblems exprefs love's fury by a pot hang. ing over the fire, and Cupid blowing the coals.” That would form a good parallel to the hittory of Hannibal at Capua, which is re- lated by Polybius of Antiochus Magnus, who, at the age of fifty-two years, hav- ing then two grand defigns in contempla- tion (the reftoration of liberty to the Greeks, and the abafement of the Roman power); tuffered:a whole winter to pals away while he lay in the embraces of a young " 1805.] young and beautiful bride at Chalcis, in Euheea, and then, being at:acked unawares in the midft of hisdiffipation, fuffered ato- tal defeat, and was driven with his fpoufe into a wretched and ignominious exile. Democritus condemned the paffion of love, which he confidered as a difeafe of the mind, and called it an epilepfy.— Hippocrates is faid to have defined it by the fame term. Yec Democri‘us him- felf muft have been ftrangely troubled by that difeafe, if, as is fa.j, in order to avoid the dangerous impreffions which the fight of female charms made on his ima- gination, and which diftracted his *houghts and interrupted bis philofophy, he put out his own eyes. The reply of Ariltutle to one who afked him ‘* Why men love that which is beautiful ?”” is well known—* It is the queftion of a blind man.” A moft elegant litrle poem on the in- fluence of beauty, by the Irith bard Caro- lan, is preferved in Mifs Brooke’s ** Re- Jiqnes of Ivihh Poetry.” It concludes thus (for the poet was, like Homer, blind): «¢ E’en he whofe haplefs eyes no ray Admit from Beauty’s cheering day, Yet, though he cannot fee the light, He feels it warm, and knows it bright.” Venus was held by the ancients to be no lefs arbitrary in her proceedings on earth than her fon. Infances of her re- venge on thofe who were indifcreet enough to offend or to neglect her occar frequent- ly in the Heathen mythology. On ac- count of the wound the received from the impious hand of Diomede, his wife /Egi- aleza fuddenly became the moft abandoned of her fex. She punithed Tyndarus, for omitting her in the facrifices he offered to ali the gods, by the adulterics and crimes of Helen and Clytemneftra. Even the Mutts, whofe refiftance of her charms is quite proverbial, were not fafe from her vengeance. For when the unfortunate Clio remonftrated with the gay goddefs on her interc urfe with Adonis, fhe fo in- flamed her mind in return for her pre- * fumption, that the yielded to the ad- vances of Pierus the fon of Magnes, and became an unmarried mother. The epi- gram which I introduced, in 4 former pa- per (* When Venus bade the Mufes to obey,” &c.), is not firiétly jult ; and in- deed Montaigne fays he cannot imagine who could fet the Mufes at variance with Venus; ‘* For I know no deities that tally better, or are more indebted to one an- gather.” And fuch is the ftrain of Bion, ° 4 Epigrams, Fragments, Sc. from the Greek. 405 Tot Mocar roy Epwre Tov dypioy & hoBeovras. Love is no terror to the Mufe— His path with foul-felt joy the treads ; But with abhorrence flies, and dreads, When one, untun’d to love, purfues. The {wain who his love-tortur’d heart Soothes with the fweetiy-pleafing lyre, Soon draws the {wift Piérian choir To aid his ftrain, and crown his. art. When gods or heroes I would fing, My faultering tongue obeys no more ¢ But waen to love the fong I pour, Flows without check th’ exhauttlefs {pring I have mentioned an antique gem in which the goddefs of beauty is reprefented holding a wreathe of rofes in her hand, and have fufficiently illuttrated it from fe- ver2l epigrams. In a Colleé&tion of Figured Gems publifhed by Mr. Ogle, there are two preferved which reprefent her bathing and rifing from the bath— This fubje:t was indeed equally common among their artifts and poets. la warm countries the bath has been always held as one of the firft luxuries of life, or rather it is in itfelf neceffary to fubfitence; and luxury, in the more refined aves of fociety, combined with it all the elegancies and de- licacies of art. In Homer’s Hymn to Ve- nus the bath makes a very principal fea- ture in the beauriful defcription he gives of her preparations for the meeting with An- chifes. The Graces attend cn her, anoint her with fragrant and immortal oil, and. at Jatt enfold her limbs in the Jovelieft robes ornamented with gold.— The fame ceremony occurs in the Odyffzy towards the conclofion of the Song of De- modocus. Hence tie moft beautiful and coftly baths had frequently infcriptions vpon them, alluding to the Goddels of Beauty. i "H rovov KuSeperay idup Tene. Or from this fount, a joyous birth, The Queen of Beauty rofe to earth, Or heav’nly Venus, bathing, gave Her own quinteflence to the wave. The following tranflation of an elegant thought of Marianus I have taken from the work above alluded to: Mntép2 Kump EdAdcev Epa. Asinthis bath Love wafh’d the Cyprian Dame, His torch the water ting’d with fubtle flame; And while his bufy hand his mother laves, Ambrofial dews enrich the filver waves, And all the undulating bifon fill ; Such dews as her celeftial limbs diftil. Hence how oelicious fluat thefe tepid ftreams! What rofy odours! what ne@tarean ftreams ! So pure the water, and fo foft the air, It feems as if the Goddefs ftill were there. (To be continued.) Te 406 For the Monthly Magazine. OBSERVATIONS and CAUTIONS refpecting EMIGRATION 1/0 AMERICA. {Concluded from p. 313 of our laft Number.) K TEXT to the ftaple article of food, Indian corn, we may rank ric¢.— That of the Carolinas is excellent, but its cultivation is dreadfully pernicious, as it is either planted in ridges, between the interftices of which water muf be let in, and the cultivator mutt conftantly wade through thefe little canals, half way up his Jeg in water, and the reft of his body expoled to the rays of the fun; or in fxamps, where he is fubjeét to the fame inconveniences. Negroes alone do this G6ffice, and indeed it is the only employ- ment whatever which a white man may not do in any part of the United States. Wioether this fingle article be worth the burthen of fo infamous a traffic as the flave-rade, will I believe admit of but one anfwer—No. The other articles, which are chiefly thofe of export, are‘to- bacco, a very precarious crop, lumber, potath, turpentine, tar, pitch, indigo, and cotton. All thefe, except rice, are the natural produétions of the country, and, as Buffon obferves in his Natural H ftory that ‘* Every country, every de- gree of temperature, has its particular plants,” nature appears to regard all ex- oties with the jealvus eyes of a ftepdame. Barley, for inftance, does not thrive fo well as wheat, oats no better than barley, but rye is good, though not in plentiful crops: Peaches are abundant in’ the fouthern ftates, but they are by no means equal in flavour to thofe of Europe, and will not pay either for hog-feeding as they fall to the ground, or ter gathering to carry to the market, or to diftil them into whatis called peach-brandy. There- fore more of thofe orchards are grubbed up to raife Indian corn than there are new ones planted. Apples and pears are good : but as for garden-fruits, fuch as goofe. berries, apricots, &c. they feldom come to perfection. Potatoes and turnips are good, but as they are only in demand for the table, and cattle prefer corn-blades to tHem, it will not aniwer to raife them in Jarge quantities. I have now run through the moft confi- derabte articles of the produce of the United States, and the European farmer will eafily perceive that it is almoft impof- fible, even if he can overcome his old ha- bits and conform to the modes of the Obfervations refpefling Emigration to America. (Dec. 1; country, to grow rich by hufbandry. I have never known a fingle inftance of an Englifh farmer who has fucceeded, but many who have loft both their labour and money. After all, your readers may with to be fatisfied how it has happened that the po- pulation of the United States has always increafed, and ftill continues to increafe, in fpite of all thefe difadvantages, and I fhall endeavour to explain it to them. There have always exifted in human nature two opnofite difpofitions—a love of novelty, and an attachment to long- eftablithed cuftoms. The latter is the ef- feé&t of eafy circumftances and of habit, or education, which forms habits. Itis chiefly, predominant in perfons of mode- rate capacities, and (ettled and fyftematic principles. It binds men to a certain fet of cuftoms, which they derive as it were from inheritance, and incafed in it as the filk-worm ina prifon of its own forma- tion, they are content to be regularly fyf- tematic, and, if I may be allowed the expreffion, mechanically happy. ‘Thetle are fatisfied to remain on the {pot where nature fir calt them. The former is in- grafted on curiofity, which is inherent to every mind in a greater or lefs degree ; it becomes the ruling paffion of the ardent projector, and is the zgnts fatuus which conftantly allures and bewilders the ima~ gination of the volatile and unfettled, who fpend their time, like the Athenians, in inquiring afte: fome ‘* new thing.””— This difpofition makes the mind unftable, by leading it from certain enjoyments into the labyrinth of imaginary happinefs, and when it is once launched into ‘he bound- lefs field of fpeculation, in its rapid fearch for new frivolities, and flight from one half-finifhed experiment to another, it leaves beliind the found maxims of reafon and the fober dictates of truth. The latter of thefe habits forms what is cailed a roving difpofition, and is one great caule of the perpetual influx of foreigners into the United States. Thoufands have been allured thither by falfe ftatements arid delufive hopes, and numbers have fled with the money of their creditors, or to avoid the punifhment which the hand of the Jaw was preparing to inflict on their crimes. Amongit thele different claffes of people it is natural to imagine that there muft have been many who detelted . the rettraints of civilized fociety, particu- larly the difhoneft and evil-minded, to whom the unreftrained life of favages ap- pears 1805.] pears delightful. Such are for the molt part the back-wood{men* who fell the firft trees and ereét milerable hovels {carcely fit to fhelter cattle. They are in reality no better than the American aborigines whom they fucceed either in manners or difpofition. They are too lazy to culti- vate the land, and truft chiefly to hunting for their fubfiftence. This vanguard is io a fhort fpace of time fucceeded by a fecond corps, of rather better morals ; they purchafe for a trifle the improvements of the firlt poffeffors, who again rufli fur- ther into the woods, and reccmmence fimilar operations. The fecond party ge- nerally cultivate a {mall portion of Jand, and build a better kind of fhelter, deno- minated log-houfes from their fubftance of logs of wood, which they plaifter with the ftiffeft foil they can find. The fir difficulties of a fettlement being thus over- come, a third corpsarrives, and purchafes of the fecond, who purfue the fteps of the firft party. The laft comers are commen- ly of induftrious habits, and become fta- tionary, although it is not unfrequent to find feven or eight different poffeflors who altogether will not hold the lands more than three or four years. When any one of fettled and induftrious habits becomes the proprietor, he begins to clear the land in earneft, and when he has enough to fubfift himfelf and his family, he begins to enlarge and improve or build a more commodious houfe. Thefe habitations, in their beft ftyle, are either log or framed, houfes. The former are formed of logs of wood notehed and joined at the cor- ners ; the interftices are filled with mofs, ftraw, or grals, and plaiftered with earth, The roof is generally of bark, but fome- times of {plic boards. The chimney, if there is any, is a pile of ftones ; if not, a fire is made on the ground, and a hole is left in the roof toemit the {moke. Some- times another hole is made in the fide to admit light, which in inclement weather is clofed by a fhutter ; at other times there are only two doors oppofice to each other, of which the one to windward is kept fhut, and the other left open to an- {wer the purpofe of a window. In every feafon a conttant fire mult be kept, as the {moke is neceflary to keep off thofe {warms of mofquitoes and other infels with which the woods abound ; and the fame precautions muft alfo be taken to defend the cattle from them, as, {marting under * Volney and Weld corroborate;this ftate- ment in the fulleft and moft explicit manner, Obfervations refpecting Emigration to Amzrica. A407. the venom of thofe infetts, they will dif appear in the forelts and grow wild. A {mouldering fire of green leaves and bruth- wood, which will cau'e a great fmoke, is made near to and to the windward of the place where they are to remain durin the night. Such are the afyla of the fe- cond or third parties, and nothing can be imagined more dreary. They are however more or lefs decent and capacious according to the talte or moral difpofition of the inhabi:ant, and if he be indolent he is fatisfied with the firt rude eflay; if he be induftrious, fo foon as he has cleared a fuficient quantity of land he enlarges his hur, or erects another upon a more conyee nient fpot. If he bas money, anda ftream on his land capable of working a faw-mill, he gets one built, and converts the trees which he daily fells into planks, and with thefe he covers the outfide of his houfe = the joints, rafters, and all the other parts of the fkeleton are of tolerable carpenter’s work; and this, when it is covered with fhingles, conftitutes what they call a frame ed houfe. Tey alfo add perhaps a barn, a ftable, and cattle-pen. At the very fir figit of thefe habitations it is eafy to judge of the different degrees of profperity and indufiry of the proprietors of them. By thefe progreflive fteps the face of the country quickly changes, and cultivated fields fucceed to ufele{s forefs. The American, who knows not the en. joyments of the European farmer, and who only reads or hears repeated what their newfpapers teem with, of the fuperior bleffings which they enjoy over the inhabi- tants of every other country on the face of the globe, believes that independence and happinefs is not to be found elfewhere; he is fatishied with his fituation, is habituated: to the fcourges of the climate and the drudgery of his labour. The European emigrant, on the contrary, who has wit- nefled a different order of things, is a prey to chagrin, difappointment, and defpair ; and either wanting courage or the money which he has wafted in unprofitable fpecu. lation to carry bim back to his native land, he vegetates where his folly, cred ulity, or avarice, had placed him, and wears out a reftlefs life. His children, however, if born in the country, or brought thither at a tender age, have all the advantages of not knowing that there is another and a better country on this globe, are recon~ ciled to their fate and feck no farther, One generation fuifices to convert the European into the American, with ail his habits, cuftoms, and predilections, The, 405 Thefe, except by the natural means of generation, are the principal caufes of the increafe of population and cultivation in the United States, and they will continue to increafe in fpite of all thefe difadvan- tages ; for if the wandering Arabs, in their love of independence and boundlefs liberty, are contented with a defert with- out verdure or water, and plains of arid fand where no cooling fhade invites the parched, panting, and almoft (uffocated traveller, we need not wonder that people of a fimilar difpofition are to be found who ean be enamoured with a country which, though very far from being the paradife of the world, is as much fuperior to the de- ferts of Avabia as the fouth of England is to the rugged, dreary, and bleak, north- ernmoft parts of Scotland. BEACON. a To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. SIR, HE kind and fize of threfhing ma- chine alluded to by your Correfpon- dent Mr. Moggridge in your Magazine for September, is made in this town and neighbourhood at the price he quotes by feveral mechanics. They are not the ori- ginal inventors, but have improved upon the plan. ot Mr. Meikle’s patent (now ex- pired), and.are found to anfwer the de- fired purpofe. The iron and brafs work is manutactured at the foundery of Mefirs. Tedd, Campbell, and Co., Hull Ido not coincide in opinion with Mr. M., that the machine wanted fhould be cheap. Ido not mean it fhould be over- charged ; but it is too often found that cheap things at firft turn out dear in the end, particularly in machinery. The threfhing of corn requires a {trong power, which cannot be applied by a weak man or a weak machine. The latter are con- tinually failing, and need repairs or alte- rations. I know fome farmers who have had fuch, that turned them out with dif- gut, and procured others larger and fironger, that prove durable, ao their werk in a much juperior ttyle, and want no repair, excepting from accident or wear. Several have rakes or ftraw. fhak- ers, farsor wionowers, mill ftones, &c., aitached, which aniwer well. The information I have from makers and ufers of threfliing- machines coirelpond with what I above ftate; and trom au- thentic fources I am enabled to draw the fo'lowing conclufions, viz-, that flight- made ones, price twenty to forty guineas Threfoing-Machine.—Remarks on Ffocrates. [Dec. 1, each, are incompetent to their work, and perpetually out of repair, confequently not approved ; the kind at fifty guineas anfwer better, and in general are approv- ed; but thofe at fixty guineas t> one hun- dred guineas or upwards are greatly fupe- rior from their ftability, and give entire fatisfaétion. If Mr. Moggridge or others of your agricultural correfpondents wifh more mi- nute particulars, they will receive anfwers to their inquiries by addrefling Meftrs. Todd, Campbell, and Co. Eam, Sir, &c. Cannon-place, Hull, | Joun Topd. 7th Sept. 1805. ae For the Monthly Magazine. REMARKS 0” the GRECLAN ORATOR 180+ CRATES. By the ABBE ARNAUD. SOCRATES was born at Athens in the 86th Olympiad, five years before the Peloponnefian war. At an-early age he began to ftudy philofophy and rhetoric under Gorgias, Prodicus, and Tifeas, whofe doétrines and eloquence about this period aftonifhed all Greece. Itis affirm- ed that he alfo was a difciple of the cele- brated orator Theramenes, whom thé Thirty Tyrants caufed to be put to death becaufe he favoured the popular caufe.— He paffionately loved glory; and the de- fire of diftinguifhing himfelf, and of bear- ing apart in the public adminiftration, animated all his proceedings. In order to this end, befides poffeffing information and aturn for bufinefs, it was neceflary to. excel in eloquence ; but nature having denied him both voice and felf-command, without which it is impoffible to fway the multitude, he directed his efforts to com- - pofition. In the firft place, he propofed to give to eloquence more of force and majetty, by breaking down the trammels’ which a contraéted and ridiculous philo-~ fophy had thrown around it. He aban- doned thofe vain fubtilties in which the’ fophifis loft themfelves, as well as thofe fublime obfcurities in which they were’ fo fond of being enveloped. He confined himfelf to interefting queltions, fuch as appeared to him calculated to’ render his: country happy and his fellow-citizens vir~ tuous. His talents correfponded with the’ grandeur of his views. Youth flocked’ from al parts to be his pupils, and -to’ form themfelves on his leflons. Some of’ them afterwards became orators, fome great ftatefmen, and others polifhed and profound hiftorians. He died nah wit 1805. ] with glory and wealth at the age of ninety years, a few days previous to the battle of Chzronea. In the orations of Ifocrates every word has its place ; his diétion is pure ; and no ob{cure or obfolete phrafe disfigures his ftyie; but it is feldom lively, rapid, and vehement ; it is various and {plen- did, bue hardly ever fimple and natural. Whatever obftruéts a fmooth pronunci- ation, Ifocrates rejeéts ; he ftudies above all to meafure and round his periods, and to give them a cadence like that of verfe. All his difcourfes are delightful to perule, and well adapted for panegyric, but are unfit for the turbulent proceedings of the bar, and the tumult attending popular harangues. The tribune and the bar re- quire vehemence and paffion, which do not comport with “nicely-meafured pe- riods, Allis fyftematic in the ftyle of Ifo- ciates ; words anfwer to words, members to members, and phrafes to phrafes ; we even meet with chiming terminations.— This artificialnefs, if too frequent and too manifeft, offends the ear, and obfcures the fenfe. : Magnificence of ftyle, according to Theophraftus, is derived from three fources ; choice of words, the happy ar- Yangement of them, and the imagery which enlivens the whole. Ifocrates chofe well his words, but there is too much affectation in his arrangement ; his figures are either too far-fetched, or dif- cordant, or extravagant, fo that he be- comes cold and mannered; befides, in erder the better to tune his ftyle, and- frame his periods with nicety, he makes ufe of inefficient words, and unneceflarily lengthens out his difcourfes. We are far from afferting that thefe faults deform all his writings ; his compo. fition is fometimes fimple and natural ; he properly feparates its members, and dif- pofes of them neatly ; but in general he is too mych the flave of full and rounded periods ; and the elegance which he af- feéts too often degenerates into redun- dancy. In fine, if the ftyle of Ifocrates. be wanting in the natural and the fimple, it muft be owned that it difplays magnifi- cence and grandeur ; its conftruétion is fublime, and of a character almoft more than human. We may compare his manner to that of Phidias, whofe chiffel fent forth heroic and divine forms of fach fuperior dignity. With refpeét to invention and difpofi- tien, Ifocrates excels in both ; he varies his fubject with admirable art, and guards Monruiy Maa, No. 136. Remarks on the Grecian Orator Ifecrates. 409 again{t languor by an infinity of epifodes, all naturally introduced. But what ren- ders him for ever deferving of praife is the choice of his fubjects, always noble, always grand, always direéted to the pub» lic good. Hedid not propofe merely to embellith the’ art of fpeech, but he was defirous to complete the mind, to teach his difciples to govern their tamilies and their country. All his difcourfes inculcate virtuous and patriotic fentiments. While fpeak- ing re(pecting thofe of his anceitors who broke the chains of Greece, he does not confine himfelf to admire their force and courage, but dwells particularly on the elevation of their minds, the purity of their fentiments, their ardent thirft for glory, and at the fame time their extraor- dinary moderation. They uniformly fa- crificed their own intere{ts to the public weal, According to them happinefs con- fitted not in opulence, but in the con- fcioufnefs of having performed virtuous actions. In their opinion they left their children ample wealth if they bequeathed to them the efteem and confideration of the public ; an honourabledeath appeared, in their eyes preferable to an inglorious obfcurity. Inftead of extending and mule tiplying the laws, they were conftantly on the watch leaft any citizen might deviate from the inftitutions of their anceftors.— They feemed to vie with each other who fhould rendec the greateft fervice to his country. It was by conferring favours, and not by the terror of their arms, that they retained theirallies. Friends of vir tue, their word was held more inviolable than the moft facred oaths at the prefent day. Firm and uniform in their conduct, they fulfilled their engagements with greater regularity than if they had been compelled to perform them. Compa fionate and humane, they treated the weak as if they wifhed that thofe who were ftronger than themfelves might treat them in like manner. In hort, while ftrongly devoted to the government under which ‘they lived, they never ceafed to regard all Greece as thes commoncountry. . «© The duty of a general, fo powerful as yourfelf (faid he, addreffing himéelf to Philip), ought to be direéted to heal, and not to foment dilputes; renounce a con. dugt which is unworthy of a great mind ; aggrandize Greece, inftead of endeavour- ing to divide it; aflume magnanimity to undertake enterprizes, which, if fuccefs- ful, muft exalt you above the moft renown. ed generals, and, if unfuccefsful, mutt fecure for you the good opinion of all 3h Greece; 470 Greece ; a glory infinitely furpaffing that of men who fack cities and fubjugate em- pires.”” In his orations he refolutely enters into a difputation refpeéting the form of the government ; he defires the Athenians to recollect the inftitutions of Solon and Cliflhenes. “* According to thelfe lezifla- tors (obierved he), liberty confits in the execution of the laws, and not in holding up magiltrates to contempt. They en- trufted not any of the employments in the ftate to unprincipled, but to virtuous charaéters, being aware that the citizetis in general would model their conduct by that of its chiefs. None of your ance{- tors (continued he) ever enriched them- felves by the fpoliation of the public purfe 5 they chofe rather to facrifice their own pa- trimony to the general good of the repub- lic. Their efforts were directed not fo much to punith, as, by the employment of wife meafures, to prevent the commil- fion of crimes. They believed that fu- preme authority belongs only to the ftate, and that nothing prohibited by the laws ought to be tolerated in private indivi- duals.” How great is the addrefs which he em- ploys in his Oration to the Lacedemonians, to animate their courage, and to exhort them to reject the infolent demands of the Thebans! After analyzing the principal difcourfes of Ifocrates, Dionyfius Hali- carnaflenfis confiders the elocution of this celebrated orator, and informs us Philo- nicus compared him to a painter who in his pictures gave to the figures the fame attitudes and the fame drapery, H, For the Monthly Magazine. ANIMALS found in NORFOLK. ~ [Continued from No. 133, p. 128.} THE WAXEN CHATTERER. HIS very beautiful, and now un. common bird, with fine cinnabar tips to the fecondary feathers of its wings, was not unfrequently feen by Sir Thomas Browne. THE CROSSBILL, «© The loxins, or curvirafira, is a bird a little bigger than a thrufh, of fine co- Jours, and has‘a pretty note. It differs from other birds, in having the upper and lower mandibles of its bill to crofs each other. Itis migratory, and arrives about the beginning of fummer. It is eafily tamed, and is fometimes kept in @ages; but I have never known them to auttive the winter.” @ig.—COne would fcarcely {uppofe that t - Animals found in Norfolk. (Dec. tf, Sir Thomas Browne had ever feen the crofsbill himfelf, fince the colours of its plumage are by no means to be confidered as fine or brilliant; and in its fize, fo far , from equalling the thrufh, it is {carcely bigger than-a lark. THE GOLDFINCH. Sir Thomas Browne calls this bird a fool’s-coat, or draw-water. The former name is derived from the variety of ite colours, and the latter from the office that it is frequently taught to perform, of | drawing up (by means ofa little chain © and cup) the water that is given for it to drink. He fays that goldfinches were often caught in cages in the gardens near Norwich, THE WHEATEAR, “¢ Avis troglodilica, @ chock, isa finalt bird of a mixed black and white colour. Thele birds breed in rabbet burrows, and the warrens are full of thém from April to September, at which time they leave the country. ‘They are caught with a hobby and a net, and are accounted excellent eating.” THE GOAT-SUCKER. “¢ The dorhawke, or caprimulgus, is a kind of aecipiter mufcarius, and has its. name fiem the circumftance of its feeding on flies, and dors or beetles. It breeds with us, and lays a very handfome {potted egg. Although I have opened many of thefe birds, I could never find any thing confiderable in their maws,”” THE BUSTARD. “ Biflardas,or buftards, are not unfre- quent in the open part of the county.— This is a very large bird, and is remark- able for the ftrength of its brealt-bone, and for its fhort heel. It lays two eggs, which are much bigger than thofe ahs turkey. It is accounted a dainty difh.” Ob/.—The buftards are at this time all extirpated out of Nortclk ; and the very few which are now to be found in this kingdom are entirely confined to Salifbury Plain. THE BLACK AND RED GAME. «© The heath-poult, which is common in the North, is unknown here; as is alfo the groule. I have however heard of {ome being feen about Lynn.” THE PARTRIDGE AND QUAIL. ‘© There are here great ftore of par- tridges, and no fmall number of quails.’ THE CORNCRAKE. ‘6 We have the ralla, or rayle, which. is accounted an excellent difh.” THE SPOONBILL, “ The platen, or fhovelard, which builds on the tops of high trees, is known ia -1805.] in this county. Thefe birds formerly built in the heronry at Claxton and Need. ham ; andthey are yet found at Trimley, in Suffolk. They are migratory, and ar- rive in March. The fowlers fhoot them, not for food, but on account of their fin- gular and beautiful appearance.” Obf.—Thele birds are at prefent but Tare vifitants inthis country. Mr, Pen- nant has placed them in the Appendix to his Britihh Zoology, trom the circum- flance of a fingle flack of them having mi- grated into the marfhes near Yarmouth in April 1774. A fingle fpoonbill was thot about ten years ago on the Hampfhire coat, THE CRANE. ‘© Cranes are often feen here in hard winters, e'pecially about the champain and open parts of the country. It feems that they were formerly more plentiful, forin a bill of fare of an entertainment given by the Mayor of Norwich to the Duke of Norfolk, there are fix cranes men« tioned as forming one difh.” Obf-—The weight of a crane being in general fomewhat more than ten pounds, the dith muft have been a tolerably large one. This bird is.now become to very uncommon in this country, that at prefent it can fearcely be vonfidered as an Englifh dpecies, THE WHITE STORK. Sir Thomas Browne informs us that he has feen thefe birds in the fens of Norfolk, and that fome ‘had been thot in the marfhes betwixt Norwich and Yarmouth. He once faw a pair ina maith about eight miles below Norwich, and afterwards an- other which was fhot, and the skin of which he had ftuffed. Obf.—This is. at prefent fo extremely rare a bird in England (though common enoughin moft parts of Holland), that Mr, Pennant hasaltogether omitted it in his Bri- tith Zoology. Lt was however entitled to @ place.in.that werk as well 2s the {poon- bill and the crane, for Wallis informs us that a fingle (tork was killed in Northum- berland in the year 1766. THE HERON. The great number of rivers, ftreams, &c., make herons to abound in Norfolk. The young birds are efteemed a feftival- dith, and-are much fought after by fome palates.”’ THE BITTERN. ‘©The botaurus, or bitour, is alfo com- mon, and it is efteemed a ftill better difh, I found a frog in the belly of one of thefe dirdseven in a hard-froft, at Cliviftmas.— Ukept a bitour in my garden fortwo years, a Animals found in Norfolk. 411 feeding it with fifh, mice, and frogs, orin defeé&t of fach food, with {parrows and other {mall birds.’’ ' THE GODWIT. ** The yarwhelp, fo named from ite Hote, is efteemed a dainty difh, and, for its fize, fells at a very high price. It is taken chiefly in Marfh-land, though other parts are not without it.” Obf-—The writer of this account ha¢ mentioned the yarwhelp and godwit as being two different birds, a miftake that has doubtlefs arifen from its chiefly fre quenting the marthes and fens during the fummer, and falt.marthes and the fea- fhoces throughout the winter, THE REDSHANK. ‘¢ The erytbropus, or redthank, is a common bird in the marfhes,’ It is fre- quently eaten, but isin no great efteem for the table.” “ The Cur.ew is frequent about the fea-coaft.” THE KNOT. *¢ Gnats, or knots, are fall birds that are’canght with nets. When fed with corn they become exceffively fat ; and if there is a lighted candle in the room they _will feed both in. the day and night.— When they have attained their greatelt fat- nefs they begin to grow lean, and they ought then to be killed as foon, as poffibles otherwife they will decline very confide- rably.” “© The Lapwine, or vanellus, is come mon on ali the heaths.”’ THE RUFF. “© Anas pugnax, or suff. This is a marfh-bird that varies very greatly in its colours, no two individuals being found al:ke in this refpeét. The female, which has no ruff about the neck, and is called a keeve, is fmaller than the male, and is very feldom to be feen. The birds are almoft all cocks, and when put together they Aight and deftroy each other. They pre- pare themfelves to'fight in the fame man- ner as game-cocks, though they feem to have no weapon of offence except their bill. They lofe their ruffs towards the end of autumn or the beginniog of winter, as I have obferved, by keeping them ina garden from May till the enfuing fpring. I have feen thefe birds in confiderabie numbers in the marfhes betwixt Norwich and Yarmouth,” THE DOTTEREL. *¢ The morinellus, or dotterel, is, found- about Thetford, and in the open country. It comes: in September and March, but does not ftay long. It is confidered as excellent eating,” 3R2 THE 412 THE KING-DOTTEREL. ‘ There is alfo a fen-dotterel, fomewhat lefs, but better coloured than the former.” : THE STONF-CURLEW. (Charadrius cedicnemus of Linnaus.) «© There is likewife a tall and hand- fome bird, remarkably eyed, and with a bill not above two inches long, commonly called a ftone-curlew. It breeds about Thetford, amongft the ftones and fhingles in rivers,” Obf.—This bird is fo common in feve- ral parts of the county as to have the local name of Norfolk plover. , THE AVOSET. «« Awofeta, called a fkooping-horne, is a talf black and white bird with a bill fe- micircularly bent upwards, fo that it is not eafy to conceive how it can feed. It is a fummer bird, and not unfrequent in martfh-land.” Obf —The avofets are fuppofed to feed on worms and the /arve of infe&s, which they {cvop with their bills out of the foft marfhy ground. nN THE OYSTER-CATCHER. «¢ There is alfoin this county the pica marina, or fea-pie.” ; THE COMMON COOT. “ Fylicas, cottas, or Coots, are frequent- ly to be obferved in very great flocks on the broad waters. On the appearance of a kite or buzzard, I have feen them unite from all parts of the fhorein immen/e num- bers.’ Ifthe kite ttoops near them, they will fling up fuch a flafh of water with their wings asto endanger that bird of prey; and they thus elcape him.- The coots make an excellent defence round their nefts againft the fame birds, by bend- ing and twining the rufhes and reeds fo above that they cannot poflibly ttoop at or injure the young ones.” ' THE WATER-HEN AND WATER-RAIL. 66 We have the gallinula aquatica, or moor-hens, and the ralla aquatica, or water-rail, ie THE WILD-SWAN. 6¢ In hard‘ widters the elkés, a kind of wild-fwans, are feen io no (me!l number. It is remaikable in thefe birds that they, have a ftranige recurvation of the windpipe through the flernum. The fame is alfo obiervable in the cranes. It is probable that they come from gyeat diftances, for all the Northern travellers have obferved them in the remotelt parts. Like divers, and fome’ others of the Northern birds, if the winter’he mild, they ufually come no further fouth than’Scotland : it very hard, they proceed onwards tiil they arrive ina country fufhcicntly warm,” ‘ Animals found in Norfolk. {Dee. 1, THE BERNACLE-GOOSE, BRENT-GoOSE, AND SHIELDRAKE. «¢ Bernacles, and brents or branta, are common ; as are likewife theldrakes of Sheledmens, Jonftoni. ‘The latter breed in rabbet-burrows about Norrold and other places.” THE SHOVELER, THE PINTAIL, AND GARGANEY. &© Anas platyrinchos, a kind of duck with a remarkably broad bill; the fea- pheafant, which holds fome refemblance in the feathers of its tail to that bird ; and the teal, or the querquedula, are not uncommon in Norfolk.” ‘© The WiILpD-GoosE, and Goosans DER, or merganfer, ave found in this county.” THE DUN-DIVER ? *« We have the mergus ferratus, or faw- billed diver, which is bigger and longer than a duck, and is diftinguifhed from other divers by a remarkably fawed bill to retain its flippery prey. This confills principally of eels, of which fome are ge- nerally to be found in their bellies, THE SMEW, “¢ We have many forts of wild-ducks, which pafs under names well known to the fowlers, though of no great fignifica~ tion, as fmews, wigeons, arts, cinkers, &c. In few counties are water-fowl more abun- dani than in Norfolk, owing chiefly to the marfhy nature of the country, and the great number of decoys, efpecially betwixt. Norwich and the fea.” THE PUFFIN. “¢ Anas ar@lica, Clufii, is the fame bird that in Norfolk is called a pufin. It is common about Anglefea, in Wales, and is fometimes taken on the Norfolk feas.— The bill is remarkable: it differs from that of a duck in being formed not hori- zontally, but vertically, for the purpofe of feeding in clefts of rocks or thell-fith, &c.”? THE SHEARWATER, © A fea-fow] called thearwater, fome= — what billed like a cormorant, but much fmaller, is a ftrong and ‘fierce bird. that hovers about hips when the failors cleanfe their fifh, &c. I kept two of them for fix weeks, cramming them during that time with fifh, which they would net feed on of themfelves. I have been told by feamen that they had kept thefe birds for three weeks without giving them any food whatever. I afterwards kept one of them without food for fixtecn days.” THE GANNET. * One of thofe large white and ftrong- billed birds called gannets Emet with that had been killed by a greyhound near : , Swaffham. \ 1805.] Swaffham: I faw another in the marfh- fand which fought and would not be forced to take wing ; and a third which had been entangled in a herring-net, and was taken alive. The latter was kept for a while, and was fed with herrings.” THE SHAG. *¢ Cormorants build at Needham upon trees, and from that place King Charles I. was always fupplied with thefe birds.” THE CORVORANT. Befides the above, there are the rock- cormorants, which breed on rocks on the Northern counties, and come here in winter. They differ from thofe in their greater fize, and in baving the under parts of their wings whitith.” Oby.—Sir Thomas Browne has evident- dy given the name of cormorant to the thag by miltake ; for the true cormorant (corvorant of Pennant and Latham, and pelecanus carbo of Linneus) always builds i's neft on rocks, and never in trees. The two birds are very generally con- founded by the country people. THE PELECAN. ** An onocrotalus, or peiecan, was fhot on Horfey-fen oo the twenty-fecond day of May, 1663, which I had ftuffed, It was thsee yards aid a half in the extent of its wings, and its chowle and beak an- {fwered the ufual defcription. The extre- mities of the wings were of a deep brown colour, and the rett of the body was white. ‘This was a fowl which no perfon could remember having before feen upon this coaft. About the fame time I heard that ove of the King’s pelicans was loft from St. James’s. Perhaps this was the fame.” O6f-—There can be little doubt but that the pelican here deferibed was either this or fome other that had efcaped from its confinement, fince thefe birds are fel- dom heard of as flying at large in any part of Europe. THE NORTHERN DIVER. ** We have the bird fpotted like a ftar- ling, which Clufius calls mergus major Farrenfis, trom its being very common about the FerrolTflands.”? THE GREAT CRESTED GREBE. *¢ The mergus acutirofiris [peciofus, or loone. Thefe are handfome cretted birds, with divided fin-like feet, which are fitu- ated very backward, There is a peculiar formation in their leg bone, which has a Jong and tharp procels extending above the thigh-bone, They appear about the month of April, and breed on the broad waters. Their neft is formed of weeds, é&c., that float on the water, fo that their . Animals found in Norfolk. 413 eggs are feldom dry whilkt they are fa¢ on,” THE LITTLE GREBE. ‘©The mergus minor, {mall diver, oy dab-chick, is found in the rivers and broad waters.” THE SKUA GULL, , * In hard winters I have feen that large and ftrong-billed bird which Clufius de. fcribes by the name of /Rua Hoyeri, as fent to him from the Ferro Iflands. One of two that were feeding on a dead horfe, was fhet at Hickling.” THE HERRING-GULL? s¢ Among many forts of /avi, fea-mews, and cobs, the /arus major is Jeen in great abundance about Yarmouth during the herring-feafon.”” THE BLACK-HEADED GULL. « The Larus alba, or pults, arein fuch plenty about Herfey, that they are fome- times brought in carts to Norwich, and fold at very low prices. Great flocks of them breed about Scoalton Mere, from whence they are often fent to London — The country-people ufe the eggs of thefe birds in puddings and otherwile,” THE GREATER FERN, © The birundo marina, or {ea-fwallow, isa neat white and fork-tailed bird, but much larger tzan a fwallow.” The following birds I am not able'to afcertain, and thall be very glad if any of your Correfpondents can inform me what they are. s© The May Cutt, a {mall dark grey bird, a little bigger thana ftint. It comes in great plenty into marfh-lands in May, and ftays about a month, feldom remaining beyond fix weeks. It is fatter than almoft any other bird of its ize, and is accounted to be excellent eating. *¢ Another {mall bird, fomewhat bigger than a ftint, called a churre, which is fre. quently taken amongit them. «* RINGLESTONES, a {mall white and black bird, like a wagtail, and which feems to be fome kind of motacilla mari- na. Thefe are common about the fands at Yarmouth, They Jay their eggs in the fand and fhingle ; and, as the eryngo dig. gers tell me, they do not ft on them flat, but upright, like eggs in (alt. s We havea great variety of Fincurs, and other {mall birds, of which one is vey fmall, called a whinne-bird. It is markid with fine yellow {pots, and is lefs than a wren—[ This cannot be the yellow wren ?}, There is alfo a {mall bird called a-chip~ per, fomewhat refembling the former, which comes in the fpring, and feeds onthe firit 4i4 - §irft buddings of the birches, and other early trees. ' “© Mergus acutirofiris cinereus, which feems to be different from the former’’— (viz. the great crefted grebe). *¢ Several forts of DivinG-FOWL, as muflela fufca and muffela variegata, fo «alled from the refemblance they have to the head of a weefel.’’ To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. SIR, TN your valuable Magazine for Augut lait, page 91, I {ee recommended a mode of taking honey and wax without deftroying the bees, Having for near thirty years paid attention to the fubje& of the apiary, and been long in a fitua~ tion which has enabled me to be tolerably acquainted with the different methods of managing thefe infeéts, I truft you will give my remarks on the above paper a place in your publication, for the ufe of my fellow-countrymen, who may be in danger of adopting the mode it recom. mends, to their own lofs and the injury of their bees. The author of the recommendation perhaps fuppofts that the mode is new, and does not know that it has been and is practifed in different parts of England ; ‘for inftance, by Heath, of Totnef’s ; Sid- ferf, of Mendip; and others, too nume- rous to mention. The latter, whois very fkilful, and has publifhed a Treatife on Rees, has acknowledged to me, that though his plan of driving the bees to an empty hive fometimes antwers well, it is of en attended, even when done with great caution by himfelf, with the lofs of the whole colony. The plan you recommend from the French prieft may in general fucceed in the fouth of France and other countries abounding in early and late blofloms, and efpecially when the colonies, after depri- _ vation, are removed to later pafture.— Hives that have in winter a great fuper= fluity of honey may be treated in the manner you prefcribe, and do well ina late fituation, where the flowers. open about midfummer; but in ftill later fitu- a‘ions, amongit beath, whofe bloffom is feldom open before Lanimas, they will die of waut in a few weeks after'the operation. In fhort, no particular week in the year can fuitall the variety of fituations-in this kingdom. Betides, the feafons are fo various, that no good apiarian will prefume to fay, at what particular werk we fhould proceed Method of Preferving Bees. [Dec. 1, to do as you direct, until the honey feafon commences. No Cornith chronicler can at prefent fay at what time it fhall take place next year in any particular daftrich, even though he were aflitted by the fupe. rior knowledge of his prie&t. The heath on the vaft fore@ of Dartmoor was not generaily in bloflom in the year 1799 until ‘the middle of O&tober, though it com- monly opens ten weeks before thattime.— Say no more, then, of “* the week preced- ing midfummer.day”” as the only time’ for deprivation. In that week this year hun- dreds of colonies died of want, and mot of the ftocks were indanger. Where then would have been the advantage of taking combs without honey in them? Wiil you fay that your readers who aét in this manner are men ¢ of humanity and good fenfe,” or that.they ‘* will find their re- ward in the increafe of their ftock and their valuable produce.” Sir, the plan you recommend is inhu- mane and cruel. According to it, the poor bees muft be driven from their fcanty treafure, at a time (a fixed time, I obferve) when they have but little to gather, and often no honey. They muft allo leave their brood behind, in every tate, from the new-laid egg to the bee which is in the aé&t of burliing its cerement, but not able to ule its wings, Six thoufand fach creatures, at the dawn of their exittence, are foriaken by their parents, forced by terror to take fhelter in an empty houle, where they have every thing to do, and death to apprehend ; and the thoufands Jeft behind have not, for want of nusture, been permitted to anfwer the purpofe of their exiftence! I fee you fhudder at the idea; humanity obliges you to do it; but what { have ftated to you is a fat, though you may not hitherto have known it: and before thofe that are driven can have another fuch brood, a month muft pafs, though the feafon be favourable — See, then, your gain ; you have lof the labour of all the bees for nearly a month, and of fix thoufand for ever. . And are you “rewarded in the increafe of your {tock ?”” No; aniongft thofe. you have deprived of exiftence in embryo, you have probably deliroyed two queens, nearly ready to quit their cells, which would foon have accompanied two fwarms, and bred for you. fixty thoufand bees before the beginning of November. In taking combs, theretore, be careful that you re- move no queen's cell that is not already open. But, Sir, I do not in general blame the deprivation of common hives, provided = © 3805.) be done fo as not to endanger the ftock. Thave not, indeed, for reafons which are now no more, pointed out the way of do- ing it in the General Apiarian, the fecond edition of which may be had of Cadell and Davies. Common hives may cer- tainly be deprived with advantage, when the hives recommended in that book can- not be obtained. But then you mult not take brood-combs, and never take empty ‘combs. To take the laft is wanton, and to take the firft deftroys or makes a chaim inthe fucceffion. You mutt alfo leave ho- ney for the bees ; that is, you muft leave all that is contained in the tops of the breeding-combs, which are generally in the centre ; andif you deprive in Septem- ber or O&tober, you fhould leave as much as wil] make the hive twenty-four pounds after deprivation. The man who does this will have what is taken ; fay, from a rich ftock, fixteen pounds, for his trouble, and will not endanger the exiitence of the bees. As few are acquainted with any good method of doing it, I will here pre- fent the reader with my own. T tack the fide of a table-cloth or fheet to a common empty hive, nearly around (when I have no proper receiver at hand), and place the crown of this hive in a peck on the ground, near the ftock to be de- ptived (which is generally loofened from the ftool the preceding evening), and fpread the remainder of the cloth on the ground. I then gently take up the ftock, and place the edges on thofe of the empty one or receiver, and immediately lift up the cloth, foas completely to /urround the whole and confine the bees in the hives, and carry the whole into a fhade or room at fome difiance. There, aflifted by an- other, [invert the hives, fo that the re- ceiver be up, and the crown of the com- mon hive, containing the treafure, be in the pack below. Then, after drumming gently the common hive for ahout fifteen minutes, I find the bees have either af- cénded into the receiver, or have been fo terrified asnot to give me much trouble.— I then move the receiver into another cloth, to confine the bees that are in it, while I take ont of the hive fuch combs, and fuch a quantity of them, as I have already defcribed, for ufe.—Finally, I place the receiver, as before, on the hive, and convey them near the (tool, and, after beating the bees from the receiver into the hive containing breeding-combs, T quickly place it on the ftand as before. This, and not yours, is the way to take the ho. mey without dellroying the bees, Obfervations during @ Tour in America. 4ls But if the operator be not aceuftomed to efcape their flings in experiments on thefe infects, I would earneftly recommend his obtaining the veil and gloves defcribed in the General Apiarian. I deprive at an hour of the day mot convenient to mytfelf, and at any time of the year, when not too cold for the bees that are out to return'to the hive. You will doubtlefS join with me in Ja. menting that the recommendations of “* prieffs”” and travellers of no experience, whofe theories pleafe the reader, are fre- quently more attended to than the inftruc- tions of real praétitioners. I am, Sir, &c. Moreton, near Exeter, J. Isaac. Now. 1, 1805. ae To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. SIR, AVING long fufpeéted that thofe emigrants to the United States who do not mean to confine their views to com- merce very much erred in fettling in the Alantic States, I was deftrous of feeing the country weft of the Alleghany moun. tains, that from a@tual obfervation I mighe be able to appreciate the relative ad- vantages of the great divifions (eaft and welt) of our Union. With this view I accepted an offer made me by a member of the Adminiftration of the United States, who is not only defervedly high in the confidence of his fellow-citizens, but efteemed and beloved wherever known, of accompanying him to an Indian treaty, to be held early in June at the city of Cleve. Jand, fituate at the mouth of the Cuyaha- ga River, where it empties itfelf into Lake Erie, in the county of Trumbull, and in the ftate of Ohio. To this journey I was the more efpecially ftimulated, as it would give me a very fair opportunity of invefi- gating the county of Trumbull, a coun- ty whole intrinfic riches have been fo loudly praifed, as to create very confide- rable curiofity in the public mind of thig country. I lett my home at Alexandria, in the diftri& of Columbia, on the toth of April, flept at my friend’s houfe in the city of Wathington that evening, and at three o'clock on the following morning quitted the feat of the General Government of the United States in the mail-ftage, which pafles through Frederic-TowninMary land, Chamberfburgh in Pennfylvania, to Pitef: burgh in thac ftate, the diftance from the city of Wathington to Pit:fburg being about 250 miles, and the ftage-fare fix dollars ; Pithburgh 416 Pittfburgh is 300 miles from Philadelphia, and trom that city the fare is twenty dol- lars. It may not be amifs to obferve, that different authors have exhibited very dif- ferent views of the United States. Brif- fot faw every thing with tne determined eye of a democratic prejudice. Imlay has been accufed of depidting a paradile, when he thould have defcribed a counr: y3 nor have writers be-n wanting, who, a@tu- ated by attachment to m»narchical prin- ciples, have viewed with equal horror and difguft every principle, produétion, and climate, of republican America. Nor ¢an it be denied that a late celebrated French writer, foured by perfonal incivi- lities, and ‘perhaps repenting of former political crimes and herefies, has added one more to the number of thofe who have done injuftice to this country by their defcriptions. Two. writers muft, however, be exempted from either charge. Thomas (now Judge) Cooper’s * Faéks relative to the United Stares,” publifhed, I believe, in 1794, and the “ Letters” of Mr. Toulmin, Secretary of State for the flate of Kentucky, publithed in the Monthly Magazine, are equally creditable to the veracity and judgment of thofe gentlemen. I mean not, however, to af- fert, that the other writers have inten- tionally erred. The obfervations of all men are limited, and the traveller is, of all others, moft apt to be deceived. In paffing haftily through any country, he poffeffes but little opportunity of appre- ciating character, and thereby judging of the verity of the narrative he hears. His mind is frequently foured by little difap- pointments and perplexities, and his eye, its faithful pencil as wellas mirror, depicts in fuch detormity and error, that, diffe- tently circumftanced, he would not him- felf again recognize the fcenery he hae purchafed. Te thofe accuftomed to travel in fo ele- gant a vehicle as an Englith mail coach, an American ftage muft appear a wretched conveyance. It is a carriage fimilar to thofe often ufed for carrying wild-beafts in the country-parts of England, and paflengers from Gravefend to London.— Tt has five rows of feats, including the driver’s, and thofe it conveys are guarded again{ft cold, fnow, and rain, by Jeather curtains, which button to the bedy of the carriage, but which are often torn, and slways, in confequence of diftenfion, loofe, and confcquently admit a great eal of air. The baggage of all the paf- Obfervations during a Tour in Americas [ Dec. ly fengers is crammed into the coach ; and not unfrequently three paflengers are im- pacted upon each feat. In the winter fome ftages accommodate their paflengers with a blanket, which lines the coach, and is very comfortable. This, how- ever, 18 not always the cafe; and in the fummer, when it is neceflary to ride with the curtains up, the paflengers are expof- ed to clouds of duit, a burning fon, and fultry winds. Such carriages are, how- ever, ubavoidable in the prefent ftate of our roads, which are frequently overfha- dowed by the projecting limbs of large trees. Good roads may certainly be clafled among the elegancies of life, con« fequently mutt be among the later im- provements of a new country. The (pirit of pairiotifm which now animates our citi zens, and which bas been fo ftrongly in- vigorated by the prefent excellent admini- firation of the United States, bids fair fpeedily to render our public roads as good as thofe of any other nation ; indeed it is faid that many in and north of Penn-* fylvania are already fo ; and many turn- pikes are now making in all parts of the Union, and more contemplated. Good roads neceflarily produce convenient car~ riages ; nor can any thing tend to pro- duce thefe defirable ends more than the eftablifhment of public mail-ftages.— Like caufe and effeé reciprocally acting upon each other, public carriages and public roads operate a mutual ameliorae tion. Onthis account great praile is due to the prefent diretor of the polt-office eftablifhment of the United States (Gi- deon Granger, Efq.) for the pains he has taken to extend the benefits of mail-car- riage. During his fhort adminiftration, without adding one cent to the public burthens, this additional fecurity has been given to about fix thoufand miles of road, the mails of the United States being now carried in coaches through an extent of fifteen thoufand miles, viz. from Portfmouth in New Hamphhire, to New Orleans at the mouth of the Miffifiippi, and from the ‘eat of government to Pittf- burgh, hetides a variety of ramifying branches to towns of Jeffer importance.— It is now im contemplation to extend the ling of mail-coaches from Pitfburgh through the county of Trumbull to De- ‘troit, the feat of government for the new territory of Michigan, as well as to Lex- ington in Kencucky. In which cafe the citizens of the United States will poffefs a length of fafe communication, whichy even were we difpofed to admit the Ro- maa - 1805.] man poftsto have been a public accommo- dation. Imperial Rome herlelf could ne- ver equal. ©The great diftinguifhing charaéteriltic of the Unired States is the immenfity, the apparently interminabilicy of the fo- refts. Every thing, whethe: houtes, fields, or cities, are infulaced by surrounding woods. The defticying axe of fali-increating mil- lions is however rapidly opening the coun- try. The effeét this may bave on our an- tumns! difeafes ! fhall not attempt todug- geli; it may no* however be improper to remark, that fo immenfe a quantity of ve- getable matier in a ftate of cccompofition, > evolving carbonic gas, cannot ias! to pro- duce very bevefcial effects. This gas being, as is well Known, irrefpirable, and heavier than atmofpliric air, ‘rolls from the higher to the iower country; com- bines with the hydrogene, alfo an irre!pir- able air, which is emsited by the marhes, and elcyated sy the heat of a burning fun, is abferoed by the lungs, and may pefibly be produdtive of ovr bilious inter- mitient and remitrent fevers. The great affinity b-iween inete dileatts and the yel- low fever, althoug': the latter is infinitely more fatal, would feem to jeftify an opi- nion that it ts produced by bmilar vapours, heightesed by azote emitted in the decom- poiition of arcimal matter, which in the autumns is fuffered too frequently in our cities... My’own experience in this cruel difeafe, when at Alexandria, appears to jutify this opinion. In 180g it burft out in the lower parts of the town, near the marfhes, and the difeafed parts thereof might have been furrounded by a ribband. It was not contagious, for in that cafe the affeGtion would have been general. It only affeéted thefe who either lived in or eccafionally vifited that part of the town which it affitted, There is, however, one difficulty, viz., that the quantity of! oxyzene didnot appear, by the expert- ments which were made, to be lefs than is ufual inatmofpheric air, But that it did contain an increaled quantity of azoce, is, 1 think, proved by the foliowing taét. The ftore of the Britifh Conful at Alexan- dria, being in the difeafed parts of the town, was net opened during the continu- ance of the fever, and con:ained feveral cafks of lime. When the town was re- flored to health, and the fore op-ned, the catks were found burit by the {welling of the lime, which had abforbed fo much azote as evidently to poflefs the tale of faltpetre. , Mowntary Maa, No. 136. OLfervations during a Tour in Ameria. 1417 It is 42 miles from Wafhington to Frederic- own, Maryland ; the road ra- ther hilly. Afier travelling about three miles we afcended a pretty fleep hill, which commanded an extenfive and beau- tiful view of the Potomak, and the cities of Alexandria, George-Town, and Wath- ingten, with the Annacofta, or ealterny branch, on which are the-priocipal naval de- po s of the United States ; nor could There avoid indulging in thofe melancholy ideas which prefled on my mind, when at one view contemplating the refidence of my living child, and the depofit of the facred afhes of my beloved family. The road to Frederic Town is through Montgomery county in Maryland ; the court-houfe, or feat of juftice, being about fourteen miles from Wafhington. The foil is very indifferest. Iv trath, there is very little: good land in the neighbourhood of the; feat of the geneval government, an evil: materially heightened by flave culture, which is unbapoily prevalent in-Mary- land. Some beauties were however dif) coverable. The hawthorn and apple- trees were in their glory. Tbe dog-wood,! whofe bark his been ufed in intermittents! with fuccefs, expended its maiden-blof; fom, the milky whireneis of which is con-» traited with the light purple blufh which» tinges its extremity. The peach here bad nearly loft its beauty; but the cherry ftill added its bloffom to the charms ef fpring. We could not help admiring the {upericr elegance of-feveral of thefe trees, as well as two of the moft umbrageous Babylonian willows I ever faw. We breakfafted at Montgomery court houfe, where we had the ufual American break-+ ‘fatt, viz. beef-fteaks, eggs, boiled ham (a conitant difh every where), bread, cakes, tea, and coffee, for which we were charged forty cents each. As we approached Trederic, the ccuntry improved. We faw' but few good farms early in our journeys but they became more numerous as we approached Frederic ; and after we gor into the limeftone-country, which com- menced about twelve miles before we got to that :own, we {aw a great deal of good land cléared and covered with fine wheat ;) the limeftone being as ufeful to the far-. mers in this neighbourhood as marle is to thofe of Norfolk in England, By the next you will probably hear again from your obedient fervant, | 4 Ricnarp Dinmore, Cleveland, Trumbull County, Ohio, 20ih May, 18045 3G Ta 418 To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. STR, © virtutis comes invidia, que bonos infe- queris plerumque, atque adeo infettaris ! Cicer. ad Heren, lib. iv. © N the Number for October 1804 of your very ufeful Mifcellany, you in- ferted my Defence of the literary charac- ter of William Hunter, Efq. of Bengal, - againft the illiberal attack of Mr. Anque- til du Perron. As 1 have no doubt Mr. Hunter ap- pears completely vindicated in the opinion of your readers in general, permit me now to appear in beha'f of that far. famed literary and amiable character, Sir Wil- liam Jones, whom the fame Mr. Du Per- ron has moft outrageoufly afperfed in the fecond volume of the Ovpzek’hat.* Iam forry, Sir, that™in the prefent cafe even candour will not fuffer me to make the fame excule for Mr. Du Perron which I felt myfelf gratified in making on the former eccafion, In his attack upon Mr, Hunter I conjectured that an inexculably corrupt Englifh edition of the Afiatic Relearcics might have mifled him, though the exer- cife of a little candour would have correct- ed his miltake ; yet as this is not always in every man’s power, and Mr. Du P. had found him{elf grievoufly provoked by the caltigation he had received from Sir W. Jones, I made the neceffary allowance for a little recrimination, knowing that even achaftifed child may claim the right to complain of the {mart occafioned by the rod. But in the prefent cafe lamobliged to complain of the moft wanton and (ap- parently) premeditated mifreprefentation, which in my opinion calis loudly for more than fimple repreheniion. In the Oupuek hat, vol. i., p- 733, Mr Du Perron promifes to produce in the fuc- ceeding volume a fpecimen of Sir W. Jones’s ignorance, in miltaking a few fentences of mere Perfian,/written in Zend letters, for Zend itfelf. This promile he attempts to fulfil, and endeavours to fub. . ftantiate the charge, vol. ii., p. 846, 847, by producing a-paflage from the Afiatic Refeaiches, vol. i., p. 4.5, which is well _ ™ Qupxek bat (id eft, Secretum Tegendum), continens Antiquam et Arcanam, feu Theg- logicam et Phiiofophicam Doétrinam, é@ qua tuor facris Indorum Libris, Rak Beid, Djedir Beid, Sam Beid, Athrban Beid, excerptam. Ad Verbum, @ Perfico idiomate, Samfcreticis Vocabulis intermjxto, in Latinum. conver- fum, &c. Studio et opera Anquetil Dy Per- roh, 2 vols. 4to. Argent. 1801-2. Defence of Sir Win. Fones againft M. Du Perron. (Dec. 1, known to moft readers of that elegant milcellany. The piece referred to is the fourth article in the ‘* Differtation oy the Orthography of Afiatic Words in Roman Letters,’ which Sir William thus intro. duces :—'* As a [pecimen of the old Per- fian language and character, I fubjoin a curious paffage from the Zend, which was communicated to me by Bahman, the fon of Bahram, a native of Yezd, and, as his name indicates, a Parfee. He wrote the paflage from memory, fince his books in Pahlavi and Deri are not yet brought to Bengal. It is a fuppofed anfwer of Izad, or God, to Zeratutht, who had afked by what means mankind could attain happi- nefs.” Then follows en engraved plate of the paffage in the Zend characters, and the fame text in Italic letters, with Sir -W.’s tranflation, both of which mult be produced here, becaufe of the ule, or ra-, ther the abufe, which Mr. Du Perron makes of them. ‘¢ Az pidu mad che ce pid u mad ne khofbnud bid hargiz bibifat ne yinid ; be jeyi cirfab bizah vinid: mehan ra be azarm nic darid ceban ra be hich gunah mayazarid : aj khifkavendt der-vifo nang medarid: dad u vendadi khaliki yea beh car darid az riftakhi xi ten pafin en- difoeh nemayid ; mabada ce afbu ten khifh ra duzakhi cunid va anche be khifien na- Joabad be cafan mapafendid va ima cunid: herche begiti cunid be mainu ax auch pa- xirah ayed.” THE TRANSLATION. “CTF you dothat with which your fa- ther and mother are not pleafed, you fhall never fee heaven ; inflead of good fpirits, you fhal] fee evil beings: behave with ho- nefty and refpect to the great 5 and on na account injure the mean; hold not your po-r relations a reproach to you: imitate the juftice and goodnefs of the only Cre- ator: meditate on the refurrection of the future body, ieft youmake your fouls and bodies the inhabi:ants of hell; and what- ever would be unpleafing to yourfelves, think not that pleafing to others, and do it not: whatever good you do on earth, for that you fhall receive a retribution in heaven.” This Mr. Du Perron afferts Sir W. Jones preduces as a fpecimen of the Zend language, though itis nothing but Peifian iu Zend charaéters :—-* Textum quem- dam ut Zendicum produce:t, qut nihil aliud ef quam Parfi characteribus Zendijcis ex- preffus,” p. 846. Then having given what he calls.a copy of it, taken from the Afiatic Refearches, he adds, ‘* Hunctex- tum litteris Zendicis nimis reét€ {criptum, In 1905.) Defence of Sir Wm. Fones againft M. Du Perron. in cujus Jeftione voces plurimz in duas Vel tres divife,* ut Zndicum profert D. Jones, eoque an ipfe Perfice {cierit critico faltem mori fo lestori dubitandi anfas pre- bet.” p. 847.—** This text, incorrectly written in Zendic letters, in the reading of whic’ (i.e., the text ia Italics as before exhibited) many words are divided into two or three, and alf> erronecufly tranf- Jated into Englifh, Mr. Jones produces as Zend, fo as to afford, at lealt toa four critic, room to ‘doubt whether he under- ftood even the Perfian.” The falfity of this ftatement your read- ers will at once perceive. Sir W. Jones does not produce this as a {pecimen of Zend ; ov the contrary he afferts, in the introdudtion to it, that it is ‘* a {pecimen of the old Perfian langnage and charagter, which Bahman wrote down from memory, as his books in Pahlavi (the ancient Per- fico-Chaldaic) and Deri (the polifhed dia- le& of the Perfian) had not been thin brought to Bengal.” Does not this de- monftrate that Sir W. Jones did not mif- take this for Zend, but produced & mere- ly as a fpecimen of ancient Perfian before its admixture with Arabic words? But Sir W. Jones calls this ‘* a curious paf- fage from the Zend., He does; and though it is difficult to know in what fenfe he ules the term Zend (for it has feveral), yet it isévident he does not mean the Jan- guage fo called, as he had immediately before afferted ihe paflage is a {pecimen of the sncient Peifian. Banman, the author of it, was accuftomed to cal! the danguage in which his prophet’s bok was written Aveita, and the Jetters Zend.—See Sir W. Jones’s Works, vol. i., p80. And it is probable he quoted as from tie Zend- Avelia, though the piece is too pure to make a part of the work tranflated by M, Du Perron. Jt is likely, however, that Sir William ulcd the term merely to de- fignate thole pricciples of the Zendic reli- gion profeffed by his friend Bahman. As I wifh todo Mr. Du P. ftrit juf- tice in every refpefl, FE think it right to produce his amended text and accurate verfion, as he terms them (vera ledlione reflituta additaque accurata verfione, &c.), of the paflage in dilputc, which * It mutt be allowed that there are feveral words in the copy as printed in Italics which are improperly divided ; but thefe are evi- dently faults of the compofitor, who feparat- ed them by endeavouring to fix fome awkward accents which were ufed to defignate the long vowels, All thefe accents I have left out, as being unnecefiary in the prefent cafe. 419 your learned readers who may not have the Oupnek' bat at hand may collate at plea- fure, not only with the copy given above, but alfo with that in the Afiatic Re-~ fearches. Mr. Du Perron introduces it thus :-— * Sic Perjice fonat locus nimis credulo An- glus exore Bahman Parfi exceptus, “© Az pad omad ifcheb ke pad 0 mad na khofbnoud beid Larguex behefcht na wvi- neid, be djae kheir khafiet bifch vineid ; mehanra be axaran nadared, keanra be hit{ch gounah mayaxareid: az kheifeba- wandi dervifch hang madared, dad 0 ven- dadi khaleki yekta be kar dared: ax wif- takhi xe tan palin andefcheh nomayed, mabada khe. az ou tan khefchra douzakhi honed : ve an t{cheh bekhifchtan na kha- hed be kafan ma pefandeid va me koneid : hartfche be gueiti konid be mino az oub paxirch ayid.” What Mr. Du P. calls his accurate verfion thall fallow. ‘© A patre et matre quod fi (a) patre et matre gratus non fis (fi eis non placueris), nunquam paradifum videbis ; loco benig- ni genit, pravum (affiétiocnem) videbis ; magnos cum malis non habeas (io mala non feras), parvis wlio modo malum non facias : 4 propinquitate pauperis verecun- diam non habeas ; joftitiam et puritatem Creatoris unici in opus habeas (opere imi- teris) : 4 yefurreftione 4 corpore poftea (futuro) follicitudinem monftres (de ea attente cogites) ; abfit quod ab eo (ejus oblivione) corpus tuum infernale facias ; et illud quod cum teipfo (tibi ipf) non velis cum aliquo (alreri) gratum non red- das (reddere non itudeas) et non facias ; quidquid in mundo hoc facis, in ceelo, ex eo acceptatio (receptio, retributio) venies.”” What Mr, Du P.’s readers may gain by thisamended text and accurate verfion, I fhall not preiend to fay, bat T rather fut pect that no man can cbiain any addition- al informaticn from either. To me the changes made feem to anfwer ny other pur- pofe than certain paintings do on fume old cathedral windows—they prevent the light Srom comitg in. Mr. Du P. has changed ri/takhi into viflakbi, this, if not an error of the prefs, may be fuch Zend as is exhibited im the wvendidad Sade, but it is neither Pehlevi, Arabic, nor Perfian. Now fuppole the original text exhibited in the Afistic Refearches be incorreéily written, as Mr, Du P. afferts, what had Sir William Jones to do with this? H produced it as it was written dewn b Bahman : to have altered or to have tor tured it by criticifm, would have been ab | 3G2 fur” 420 Defence of Sir Wm. Fones i] furd. We have had fac jimiles of two ancient MSS, publithed, the Codex Alex- andrinus and the Codex Beze, in which there are many grammatical errors : had we afked Drs, Woide and Kipling, the editors, why they publifhed them fo ? What would they have an'wered ? Why this, ** We were bound in conicience and honour to give a faithful copy of our MS., and the copy is precifely the fame as the original.” Had they reduced thefe vene- rable remains of antiquity to every punc- tilio of critical requifition, of what ufe would their labours have been to the re- public of letters, or to biblical criticifim ? None. _ If Sir William Jones had changed a fingle word in Bahman’s autograph, every critic would have deemed it an unwar- rantable licenfe. But Mr. Do P., difdaining to be bound by the rules of correét criticifm, plunges at once into reform, and alters the text 5 and he may alter it as he pleafes, and fo may any other gentleman, and call his al- tered copy sere correé than the original : and what then ? Why it is no Jonger the original of Bahman, but the a/iered copy of another, and in juft criticilm of no ufe or importance whatever. It may be afked, «* Why does Mr. Du P..alter Bahman’s text ?? Why, tomake his readers believe that Sir W. J. (through his ignorance) was impoled upon by the Parfee, and that he could not diftinguith Pehlevi from Zend, or either from modern Perfian! Hence his firft unfounded afler- tion that Sir W. J. believed the language to be Zend (which I havealready, I nope, fufficiently expofed); anda fecond affer- tion, which J (hall now produce, that the words are mere modern Perfian, which Sir W. J. could not diltinguifh from Zend :—** Etiam recentem Perficum efje, quifque Perfici idiomatis peritus flatim de- prehendet.” p. 847. Now, Sir, I venture to affert, that there is not a Perfian fcbclir in Burvpe or Ata who would write the fame fenie in fuch terms as thofe found in the copy taken from Bahman, nor even in that produced by Mr. Do Perron, though nanufacdured for the purpofe. Among feveyal others, one eff-ntial charateriftic of modern Perfian is wanting, viz,, the commoa proportion of Arabic words. In the piece produced in the Afiatic Re- fearches there is but one term WIS khalik§, which appears to be Arabic, and this, though a common term for the Cre. ator in the latter language, might have ‘ againf? MV. Du Perron. [Dec 1, been an original word borrowed by the Arabic ; or both the Arabic and ancient Perfian might have had the fame term to exprefs the fame idea, which cceafionally happens in all languages where neither borrowing nor Jending takes place ;—or fecondly,. Bahman, as he quoted from memory, might have forgotten the real Perfian word, and fubftitated the preceding Arabic word forit., At 2ny rate, neither the word, nor the ftructure of the whole paige, will afford any ground for Mr. Du Perron’s moft ijliberal cenfure. But wha: is mof difingenuous in this buline!s is, his corrupting the text of Sir W. Jones, and then printing that corrupt. ed text: as the counterpart of that in the Afiatic. Refearches. Above, the reader has tne text agi: ftands in the Afiatic Re- fearches; the tollowing is that which Mr. Du P. pretends be has copied from that work, as the text of Sir W. Jones: the corrupted or falfely-copied words I have diflinguithed by Roman charaéters. “¢ dz pidu mad che ce pidu mad ne hhofchnud bid heargiz bi hifht ne vinid 5 be jayi cirfa bizab winid ; mchanra be azarau nic darid, cehanca behich guna mayaxarid : aj khifhavendi dervi/b nang medarid: dad .u vendad ikhaliki yekia be cor darid: az riftakhi xi ten pafin en- difkeh nemayid mabeda ce afou ten khi th ra duzachy cumtd va anche be khi fea na fchahad be kalan mapafendid va ma cu- nid: herche be giti cunid be mainu ax auch pazirah ayed.” Some of thele are probably typographi- cal errors, but if fuch, they are not notic- ed in Mr. Du P.’s lift of errata. Some ave fuch alterations as do not affect the fentz, but others are glaring corruptions. At firft I thought the London edition of the Afiatic Refearches had mifled him, as it probably did on a former occalion: but when I compared that with the Caleutta edition, and both with the fame place in | Sir W. Jones’s Works, vol. i., p. 217 5 and, to complete the evidence on this head, collated the three copies with one in the Taaleck charaéter, which I received from India, I fund nothing to fanétion thofe corruptions of Sir W, Jones’s feat which difgrace the page in the Qupuék’ hat, Whether toefe corruptions, on which fo much of Mr. Du P.’s invective is found- ed, proceeded from carel. ffncts, or fome- thing worle, I pretend not to deiermine. Now, Sir, to hear fuch a perfon quef- tioning whether Sir W. Jones underitood Perfisn ! and founding his charge of 1g- norance on mifreprefentations and coriup- tions made by biufel/, I confels excited no {mall 1805.) Adetbod of Strengthening the Sight by Concave Glaffes. fimall meafure of honeft difpleafure in my mind, from which ,jhowever, I am relieved by recolleéting the fayine of the Rev. A. Blackwall, author of ** The Sacred Claffics defended,” who, when queftioned concerning his literary attainments by one who thouid have ftopped at Jericho till his beard had grown, anfwercd, becomingly indignant, ‘* Boy! Ihave forgotten more than you have ever learnt.”” J will not, Sir, pretend to fay, that Mr. Du P. does not underitand Perlian ; his literal tranf- lation of the Oupack’hat is an ample proof of the contrary ; nor can I join iffue with certain critics, who ailert “he does not underitand Saafcreet, though he has pro- mifed to enrich the republic of letters with a Sanfcreet Lexicon.” ‘Their proofs do not convince mej; and the aflertion I think difingenuous, aad unauthorized by the fubje&t of their criticifm. I leave him, therefore. io full poffeffion of all his honours, and of that meafure of literary fame which he has fo dearly earned ; and heartily lament that his conduét fhould have provoked others to compare him with Sir W. Jones, to whole firlt rate ta- Tents, elegant accomplifiments, various, ' extenfive, and recondite literature, he can have few jultifiable pretenfions. His friends will regret that he had not récol- le&ted the fable of ‘* The Frog and the Ox,” as then this exceptionable part of the Supplement to the Oupzek bat had ne- ver appeared, and the tranfl:tor of the Zend-Avefta had not overfirained himfelf, by endeavouring to equal the firft prefident of the Afiatic Society. It is but juft to add, that his country- men have thewn a becoming difapproba- tion of his unqualified cenfure of different hiterary charaéters. If I miftake not, his treatment of the Afiatic Society is glanc- ed at in the following paflige in the De- cade Philofophique tor O&. 12, 1802 :— Environner de tout Vappareil de eru- dition des contes tres inferieurs aux Mille et un Nuits, et de raifonnements qui valent encore mois ; s’en prevaloir pour fraiter avec une morofité dedaigneule des ecri- vains qui ont dit eloguemment des choles fnlées ; en prendre occafion de taxer ignorance et de barbarie une generation qui cherche 4 s’éclairer, et uze compagnie favantejufement honorée dans toute l’Eu- rope ; voila ce qu’on n’auroit attendu de perfonne, et ce qu’a fait Mr. Anquetil dans les notes qui accoimmpagnent fa tra- duftion,”” As the charaéter and memory of Sir W. Jones are dear, and defervedly fo, to every Englifhman, and as the infule offers 4%t ed to both is of confiderable magnitude, I hope, Sir, thefe confiderations will plead my excule for trefjaffing fo much on your paper, and fo long on the time of your readers. Iam, Sir, your's, &c. Manchefter, Ay ey February 24, 1804. —— EEE To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. SIR, HE late Mr. Baldwin, of Prefcot, in this county, well known from his aerial excurfion from Chefter, ufed genes rally, when walking or going on his ordi- nary bufincfs, to wear concave fpeStacles, which he always removed when he read, wrote, or did any thing which required diittin& vificn. The reafon he affizned for a cuftom fo fingular appeared to me fo ingenious and well founded, that I often urged him to publith the difcovery, which 1 believe he intended to have done, but as I do not rec lleé&t to have fecn itin any periodical work, and conceive that the idea deferves f'ricus attention, I fhall en-~ deavour to communicate it in as concife a manner as pcffible. Ic is well known that the eye grows flatter as a perfon advances in life, in con- fequence of which rhe focus falls paft the retina, and produces confufed vifon. To remedy this evil convex giaffes are aps plied, which, by converging the rays, throw the image more diftiétiy on the re- tina. Mr. Baldwin’s fight was haturally weak, and he had iormerly, like other per- fons in a fimilar fituation, worn convex glaffes, ttl it occurred to him, that, if he accuftomed himfelf to the ule of concave glaffes, the flatnefs of the eyes would be gradually counteraéted. On making the experiment, he found that it anfwered his expectations fo fully, that he foon was enabled to {ee very well with glafles of a flight concavity, and on removing them could read the fmalleft print, or merda pen, with great eafe. 1 repeated the experiment, and am fully convinced that very beneficial effects may be derived from the habit. I began with No.1, and afterwards ufed No. 2, through which in a fhort time I could fee veiy well, and always found my fight evidently refrefhed and frengthened. Many faéts which daily prefent them- felves render Mr. Baldwin’s theory very probable. ' Short or long fight, though often natu- ral defeéts in the form of the eye itself, may be materially aggravated by habit; thus watchmakers, engravers, &c., who work with the eye near the bench, aldo females 422 Obfcurity of the Word ¢ To Contrac?’ in Murray’s Grammar. (Dec. }, females who few very fine work, generally _ acquire fhort fight ; and, on the contrary, thofe whofe ufual employment precludes the poffibility of having the eye near the ufual object of contemplation, become long-fighted. It feems very evident that Mr. Baid- win’s idea is jutt, for the following rea- fous. When a glafs of a flight concavity is firft applied to a long fighted perfon, or to one who has been accuftomed to wear con- vex glaffes, the eye, which poffeffes the wonderful property of adapting itlelf to various diftances, and an infinite variety of circumfiances, inftantly braces up, and by its effort to fee clearly becomes more con- vex ; and by perfevering in the ufe of thefe glaffes, the mufcles of this organ probably acquire the habit of retaining the convex- ity thus obtained 5 which may fti}l be in- ereafed by the gradual adcption of deeper concaves. If this reafoning is true, there can be little doubt but that the application of convex glaffes to fhort-fighted perfons in the early ftages of that defect might alfo be produétive of good effects. Though I am well aware that the confi- deration of this fubject requires more in- veftigation than I can beftow upon it, yet J could not, in juftice to the ingenious Mr. Baldwin, refrain from preferring his claim to a difcovery which promifes to be no mean addition to our prefent flate of information on fo very interefting a fub- ject. Tn hope, Sir, that fome perfon compe- tent to the tafk will inveftigate this fub- je& as thoroughly as its importance de- ferves, I remain, Sir, &c. EGERTON SMITH. Liverpool, 12th Nov., 1805. To the Editor of the Monthly Magaziae. SIR, N the following fentence from Murray on Strength, page. 265, Sch edition, there is an obicurity, arifing from an im- proper ufe of the verb to contract, a word which does not in this place convey the idea which the author intends: —‘‘ Though it promotes the frength of a fentence to contraé around-about method of expref- fion.” tis true, with a little confidera- tion, and by comparing i's connection with what follows, any perfon acquainted with the fubjeSt may difcover the author’s meaning, but no! wifheut fearching for it; and they who are to learn what does pro- mote tae flrength of a fentence, are here x in danger of drawing a wrong conclufion. The paffage proceeds thus :—‘¢ And to lop off excrefcences, yet we fhould avoid the extreme of pruning too clotely; fome leaves fhould be left to fthelter and furround the fruit.’ And it is with fome difficulty that we traee its fignification even in this connection. The moft general accepta‘ion of the verb to which We allude is, ¢ to acquire a habit ;’ and its pofition in the above paflage feems on perafal to convey no other fenfe. Thus this author, whom we might almoft term infallibly correst, by the improper choice of one word ap- pears to fay that ‘* To acquire the habit of a round-about method of expreffion promotes the firength of a fentence,’* whereas he intends a meaning the very re- verfe. In another acceptation of the verb we may fay, ‘ To contraét adilcourfe ;’ * To centraét therules of fyntax ;’ and the idea of abridging them immediaiely occurs to the mind. Again, ‘ To contract viciats habits ;° « To contra& errors of any kind,’ explain their own meaning. But, ¢ To contraét a round-about method of expre{- fion” is not equally clear ; and whieh, be- fides being liable toa falfe confruétion, is a great impropriety, where words fully expreffive of the real fenfe might have been felected. The fubje& of perfpicuity is not one of the familiar kind where a lefs degree of precifion is requifite ; and if precihon, if perfpicuity in writing, be requifite, it mult be more particularly fo im thofe works where the fubjeét itfelf is treated of, and the rules relating to it laid down, the fludent is otherwife in danger of con- tracting an error which it is important he fhould avoid. In the following paflage on Perfpicuity, page 241, there appears a vivlation of the 22d rule. Speaking of the introduétiod of Latin words into our compofition, the author obferves, ‘* In general, a plain, na- tive flyle is nct cnly more intelligible to all readers, but by.a proper management of words it can be made equally ftrong and expreflive with this Latinized Englith, or any foreign idioms.”’—It fhould be, “* Is not enly wore intelligible to all readers thanthis Latinized Englifh, or any foreign idioms, but by a proper management it can be made equally ftrong and expref- five.” In thefe remarks, Mr. Editor, you, as well as the author, will acquit me of any view but that of utility. It is important that a work which has obtained fo diftin- guifhed an-eminence in the department of education, -1805.} Magnanimity of the Emperor Tiberius. Englifh Orthography. 423 education, and which is received as the ftandard of grammatical precifion, fhould be free from inaccuracies and ambiguities even of a trifling nature. Tam, Sir, &c. M,N. Poplar, Now. 13, 1805. et To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. SIR, HE charaéter of the Emperor Tibe- rius became fo odious to pofterity, and we receive it with fuch unfavourable prepoflefions, that whatever there was in his conduét which in another prince would have commanded our applaule, is either torally forgotten, or viewed with fufpicion and diflike. To this muft be attributed the little notice we find taken by the collectors of hiftorical beauties of an incident which, had it happened under a better reign, might have beea painted as one of the fine and moft affecting {cenes in the Roman hiftory. I fhall give a fimple relation of it, as recorded by Taci- tus, an author certainly not too favour- able to the memory of Tiberius. On the death of his only fon Drufus, with whom he appears always to have lived on the terms of parental affection, before the corpfe was yet buried, Tiberius entered the fenate-houfe with a firm and ere&t micn, and reminding the confuls of their dignity, who had quitted their chairs of ftate in token of grief, he told the affem- bly, “* That he was fenfble he might in- cur biame by appearing before them while the cau‘e of his forrow was forecent; that it was indeed the ufua! praétice for mourners {carcely to be feen by theirneareft relations, ftill lefs by the public ;—a practice be did not mean to cenfure as unmanly ; but that for his own part he fought more effec- tual confolation inthe bofom of his fellow- citizens.” Then, expreffing his melan- choly feelings on account of the extreme old age of Augufa (Livia), his grand- children’s tender years, and his own de- clining health, he defired that the children of Germanicus, the only hope in the pre- fent calamity, might be introduced. The confuls accordingly went out, and, after preparing the youths for the folemn fcene, brought them in and placed them before the Emperor. Hetook them by the hand, and thus addrefled the Senate :—** Con- Script Fathers, thefe youths, afrer the lofs of their parent, 1 committed to the care of their uncle, and befought him, though he was not without children of his own, that he would educate them in the fame man- ner as if they were his own blood, and form them to virtue for their own fakes, and that of pofterity. Now thar Drulus, too, is taken away from them, I rurn to you, and adjure you, by the facred names of the gods'and your country, that you would receive to your bofoms thele defcen- dants of Auguftus, thefe youths of the no- bleft blood. Take them, be their guar- dians, fupply both my place and your own, Thefe, Nero and Drufus, are henceforth to be regarded by you as your parents. —~ Your birth and rank are fuch, that nothing good or evil can happen to you but at the fame time it muft affeé&t the common- wealth,” The hiftorian tells us that the whole a= fembly burft into tears, intermixed with the moft ardent vows for the profperity and welfare of the illultrious brothers committed to theircharge. Their father, Germanicus, had been the favourite of the whole Roman people ; and if genuine na- tural fenfations can ever be excited ina political aflembly, the prefent fcene was furely calculated to awaken them. That Tiberius was a hypocrite in this mo fo- lemn and well fupported piece of a&tion is {carcely credible ; nor can it eafily be fhewn what motive he could have to be- come fuch. Many initances of his right’ feeling are given by the fame hiftorian in the annals of the early part of his reign, and it was only under the influence of jea- loufy and fulpicion that he ated the'ty- rant. Your's, &c. N. N. To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. SIR, ORME of orthography is neceflary to the perfection of lan- guage. The Engl th tongue is indeed, in this refpect, in general Jutiiciently rege- Jar and precife ; and yet a few words oc- cur, concerning which a difference of ufage prevails amongft modern writers. — T allude, in particular, to fome of thofe which are derived from the fecond and third conjugations of Latin verbs, and which feem to have defcended to us through a French medium. In thele words fome writers adhere to the Latin mode of termi- nation, and fime adope the French 3 for inflance, dependent, Lat., dependant, Fr. ; réfifience, Lat., refftance, Fr., &c. In all fuch cafes would it not be preferable to follow the Latin orthography, which would afford one uniform rule, and which, to the claffical {cholar, would always prove; an ealy and familiar guide. lam, Sir, &c. W,. SINGLETON. Hanflope, Nov. 12, 1805. / T, 424 Explanation of the Word Digit requefted:—The Antiquary. {Dec. 1, To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. SIR, EVERAL of your readers will think themielyes much obliged. to any of your aftronomical friends who will have the goodnels toexplain to us the meaning of the word digzt, as applied to the Sun and Moen. Onconfulting our cuftomary friend the Di&tionary, we find it to be, *¢ The x2th part of the diameter of the Sun or Moen, and uled to explain the quantity of an eclipfe,”* Now, Sir, I find by an Almanack (for the ftate of the weather prevented its be- ing feen here) that there was an eclipfe of the Moon on Thurfday the 1ith-of July, that it was total, and that there were eclipfed digits 16.26’.0%. Allo, that there was an eclipfe of the fame planet on the 15ih of January lait, not total, viz., digits 20.52’.c".. How 16-12ths; or 20- 12ths, can beeclipfed, or how it happens that a total eclipfe ecliples fewer digits than apartial vie, ech pies my penetration, Not being a great adept in afironomy my- felf, I fet about to make inquiries upon the fubdje&t amongft my fricnes, and have even put the queftion to one who has writ. tena Treatile upon Atronomy, but in vain ! and unlefs lome of your more able readers will affift us, we muft remain in our ignorance. Your conftant reader, , As initio. Leeds, Auguf? 22, 1805. For the Monthly Magazine. THE ANTIQUARY. NO. Vil. On ithe STATE of MIDDLESEX, 4s record- ed inthe DOMESDAY SURVEY. HE hificry of the domefday furvey has been fv frequently repeated, shat any general anecdotes relating to it, if re- corded here, would be mifplaced.. Let it fuffice then to cbferve, that the compila- tion of it was @ meafare, neceflary to the fettlement of the military conflitution of the: Normans; that it was executed by Norman commilfioners, empowered to in~ quire upon view, and upon the oaths of jurors 5 that it was begun in 1080, and tinithed in ve86; and that it contained a general furvey of every county, and its fe- veral divilions, cities, towns, boroughs, manors, vills, and caitles; how many men, and of what condition, every town con- tained ; the quantity and value of the land jn each manor,.and the tenures and fer- vices by which the feveral tenants held it. Chauncey fays (Hitt. of Hertfordfhire, p. 9)s ‘* That for a long while after it was made, none were permitted to make any claim or title to lands beyond the Con-- queft. The Conqueror himfelf, we are affured; fubmitted to its authority in cafes‘ wherein he was concerned ; and. even. at the prefent day, when a queftion arifes whether any manor, parifh, or lands, be ancient demefne, the iffue muft be tried by this book, whence there is no appeal, or any averment to be made againit it. If the land in queftion is found under the title of ** Terra Regis,” it is and ought to be judged ancient demefne ; and if it is fet down under the name of a private lord or fubjeét, it is determined not to have been the king’s.”” Till a few yearsago no compleat tran- {cript of this curious record exifled. Co- pies of parts only, and even thofe imper- feé&t, were to be found feattered up and down in the manvfcript libraries of collec. tors ; while a few faulty tranferipts re- lating to detached counties were all that had been printed by our provincial hifto- rians, and of Middlefex not even one ex- ited. To the munificence of Parliament the public were at laft indebted for the compleat publication of the whole ; and though many parts of the record may ftill remain obf{cure, the condition even of the meaneft village which exifted at its com- pilation may be afceriained with the com- pleateft accuracy. In the generality of the ccunties the ci- ties and capital boroughs are taken notice of before the lift of the great landholders is entered ; though in fome they are promif-, cuoufly fcattered. The paiticular laws or cuttoms too which prevailed in each of thefe, the number and condition of their inhabitants, the tenures by which their fortifications were upheld, and even in fome cafes the uninhabited houles, are carefully enumerated. But we have to lament that among thefe the two prin-. cipal cities of the kingdom, London and Winchefter, are omitced. Dr. Pegge has obferved, in the Preface to his publi- cation of Fitz-Stephen’s London, ‘* That, after Domefday-Beok, this tract affords, us by far the moft early defcription we have of the metropolis ;*’.but the truth is, it only mensions a vineyard at Holborne, belonging to the crown, and ten acres of land nigh Bifhopfgate (now the manor of Norton Falgate) belonging to the dean and chapter of St. Paul’s.. No mutilation of the manufcript has certainly’ taken. place ; and we can only conjeéture that, the omiffion in the prefent inftance was. in fome degree connegted with the favour, whith 180.3.) which the Conqueror fhewed the London- ers in his charter, granted, not in the Norman, but the Saxon tongue. Of Weiltminter, however, the defcrip- Vion is particular ; and as none of the hiftorians of our metropolis have taken notice of the paffage, we fhall here tran- fcribe the words of the record. s* In villa ubi feet eccieia Sanéti Pe- triténet abbas ejuidem Joci xis. hidas et dimidium, Terra eft ad xi. ca. Ad dominiom peruncnt ix. hid, et una vir- gata, et ibi funt.iv. caruce. Villani ha» bent vi. car et i. car’ plus poted fieri.— Tb ix. villani quilque de dim. virg’ et i. cotaiiusde v. acris, & xli. cotarii qui red- dunt per annum xl. fol. pro ortis {uise Pratum xi. car’. Pattura ad pecuniem villa. Silva c. pore’. et xxv. domus mi- litum abbatis et aliorum hominum qui reddunt viii. fol. per annum. Jo totis va- lent val’. x lib. Quando recep’, fimiliter, Tempore Regis Evwatdi xii, lib. » Hoc manerium fuit et eit in dominio ecclefiz San&i Petri Weitmonatt. *¢ In eadem villa tenet Bainiardus itt. hidas de abbate. Terra eft ad ii. car’, et jbi funt in dominio. Et i. cotarius. Sil- vac porc’. Paftura ad pecuniam. Ibi iv. arpenni vinez noviter plant’, In totis valent val’ Ix. fol. Quando recepit xx fol. Tempore Regis Edwardi vi, lib’. . Hee terra jacuit et jacet im ecclefia Sang&ti Pe- tu.” From this we learn, that Inthe vill where the church of St. Peter was fituat- ed, the abbot held thirteen hides anda half, The land was fuca-as might occupy eleven plougns. -Nine hides and a virgate Appertained to the demelne; and. there were fout ploughs. The villans had fix ploughs, ani might have employed an- other. There were alfo nine villians who had half a vivga'e each, a cotarius who had five*acres, and forty-one people of the fame defcription who paid forty fhillings yearly for their gardens. «There were eleven carucates of meadow, palture for the catthe of the town, wood {ufhicient to fopport a hundred hogs, and twenty-five houles belonging ‘o the abbot’s knights (or officers of his houfehold) and others, who paid eight fhillings a-year. The yearly value of the manor altogether was ten pounds, though it appears to have produced in the time of the Confeflor twelve. ‘© In the fame vill Bainiard. held three hides.of the abbot; and (he land was {ul- ficient to employ two ploughs. There was one cotarius upon it, wood for an hundred hogs, pafture for cattle, and four. MonTuiy Mag. No. 136, The Antiquary. 4o6° pi furlongs of vineyard newly planted, The value altogether was reckonedat fixty: fhil- lings ; when it was received, at twenty 5 but in the time of the Confeffor at fix poursis.”” With a proper allowance for the fami- lies of thofe whoare here enumerated, to- gether with the numerous inhabitants of the monaftery, it may be fairly computed that Weftminiter at this early period con- tained at lealt four hundred perfons, if not a grearer number. : In Middlefex, as im the other counties, the iands are oot arranged according to the hundreds, but the lancholders. The hun dreds, however, which are mentioned by their names, are only thofe of Offuliton, Gare, Elihorne, Spelthorne, Edmonton, and Hounflowe. The lands of the king are firit enumerated ; then thofe of the bifhops ; afterwards fuch as belonged: to monalteries, whether foreign or domeftic ; the lands of churchmen; the poffeffions of the earls, barons, and great men ; thofe of the thains 5 and laftly fuch as were in the tenure of the king’s fervants, or officers about the court. Among the royal Jands, Holburne, al- ready mentioned, is the only place enume= rated, To the fee of Canterbsy belonged, the manors of Hela (Hayes), and Herges (Harrow). Inthe former of thefe, which appears to have had wood enough to. fup~ ply pannage for 2 hundred hogs, Norwood is fuppofed to have been included. And Mr, Ly/ons obferves (Environs of London, ii, 361), that in the manor of Harz rew pertons are till found by the name of cotelanders, Who hsid. a final! parcel of land, containing five acres or thereabouts, and whoin he conceives to be probably she fame wiih the cotarii of Domefday. The Bithep of London, it is reprefent- ed, held only the manors of Snbenhede (Stepney), and Fuleham, Neither Ac- ton, Ealing, Hornfey, nor Finchley, are to be found ; though the va quantity of land entered under Fulham induced Mr. Lyfons to fuppots that A&ten and Ealing were included ; and hejudicioufly fuggehs that that part of Hackney which’ was tor- merly parcel of the bifhopniec at London, was probably included in Stepney. the Canons’ of St. Paul's, it feems, - pofleffed another manor at Fuleham ; and they lkewive held. manors at the followin places :—Tueverde ( [wytord), Wellef. done (Wilfdon), H rujuettune (Harliton in Wifidon), Rugemere (Rugmere), Tote- hele (Toceniall cr Tottennam-court), Ad §, Pancrafium (Kentitie Town), [fen- 3H doug 425 done (Iflington), Neutone (Newington, Stoke), Hochettone (Hoxton), Ad Portsm Epicopi (Bihhopfeate), Stanefapk, and Draiione (Drayton). -In the firtt of thete, at Fulham, toe ecclefaiiical property at Chifwick and Sutton is fuppoled to have been intended, as the quantity of five hides exactly anfwers. St. Peter’s, Weftminfter, held Hamef- tede (Hampitead), S:anes (Sta nes). Sune- berie (Sunbury), Greneforde (Greenford), Hanewelle (Hanwell), Covelic (Coley), Ching-fherie (Kingfbury), and Handone (Hendon) ; and at Staines the monks had two furlongs of vineyard. The monaftery of the Holy Trinity upon the hill at Rouen held Hermedef- worde (now Harmondefworth), the manor of which was probably given by the Con- queror, as it is ftated at an earlier period to have been the property of Harold — Here, it fhould appear, were three mulls which produced fixty fhillings rent and five hundred eels, and the fifheries pro- duced a thoufind eels. The church of Berking held’ Tiburne. Earl Roger, whole lands ave next cnu- merated, had poffeifions in Hatone, Han- worde (Hanworth), Hermceluuorde (Harmendefworth), Herdintone (Hirlirg- ton), Colcham (Coleham in Hiliingdcn), Hillend ne (Hillingdon), Dallega (Daw- ley in Harlington), Ticheham (Icken- ham). Ear] Morton had Lelebam (Laleham), Exeferde, Bedefunt (Bedfonrt), Felteham (Feltham), Chenetone, Stanmere (Stan- more). Geffrey de Mandeville had’ Eia, Ifen- done (Iflington), Greneforde (Greneford), Tichenam (Ickenhem), Northala (North- all), Adelmeton (Edm-nten), and Ene- felde (Enfield) ; Mimwes (Mimes) be- ing held asa berewick included inthe ma- nor of Ecmonton. Ernulf de Hefding had Rifelepe (Rif- lip) and Ching: fberie (Kingfbury) ; and under Riflip we find it entered, * There is pafture for rhe cattle of the manor, and a park for the be fts of the foreit.”” Weiter Fitz-Other “had Stanwelle (Stanwell), Bedetunde (Bedfont), Wett Bedefunde (Weft Bedfont), and Hai:one. Walter de St. Walery had Gitiele(- worde (Ifleworth), and Hamntone (Hamp- ton). Ifleworth being reprefented to con- tain no lefs than feventy hides, is f{uppoied to have included Twickenham. Richard Fiiz-Giflebert had Herefelle (Harefield). Robert je Gernon had Heregofteftane (Hageerftone nigh Shoreditch). The Antiquary: [Dec. 1, Robert Fafiton had Stebenhede (Step~ ney) and Ticheham (Ickenham). Robert Fitz-Rozelin had Stibenhed (Stepnev). Roger de Rames had Cerdentune, S:an- * mere (Stanmore). Wiliam Fitz-Anfeulf had Cranforde (Crantocd) Ed»ard de Sarefb-rie had Chelched, Cerccehid (Chelfcy) = Aubrey ve Vere had Chen: fit’ (Ken- fington), where were three furlongs of vineyard, Renulph, brother of Iigar, beld Tolin- tone (Vollingtor.) ‘uppefed by Mr Ly- fon» (:ii., 133) 'o be what was a: a laver period cal.ed rhe manor of Highbury. Derman, of London, bad Ifenione (If liv g on). Jucith, half "ter ro the Conqueror, held Toteham (! o'tenham). ~The Eleemofynarit Regis comprizd Lilcftone (Lille tor )- To give acompleat lilt of the tenants and fub-tenants of the different manors in the time of Edward the Conteffor, would be needlefS 5 though fomething might be even gained from this; for fe» were thofe who continued in poffeffion of thar rents vhen the returns of the jurors were preferied. The fmall nuvber of nares whic. have a Saxon orthegranhy exhibits a linking trait of the to'al revolution in regard to pr (Sir William Hamilton) and landed’ at Yarmouth, in his native connty, on | the 6th of November, after an abfence of three years, which had been wholly occu- pied bya feries of the moft brilliant and magnanimous achievements. : The populaceaflembled in craw ds tobee hold the Hero of the Nile, and harneffing themfclves to his carriage, dragged him to * Mifs Williams. The miod of Lord Nel- fon was greatly affected with the charges ad- duced againft him, and Sir William and Lady Hamilton; and we underftand that a gentlee man who poflefles materials for his Lordthip’s Life was entrutted by him, a few months be- fore his death, with a written refutation of deveral of the hatements of this lady. the 1805.]* tke inn. On ‘his. arrival in London, fimilar honours attended him ; and, after dining at the Guildhall, he was prefented with a fuperb {word by Mr. Chamberlain Clarke, in the name of the Lord Mayor and Corporation, in teftimony of an ac- tion “ perhaps unequalled in the hiltory of mankind.’” The reply, which is as follows, was delivered amidit burfts of applaufe ; “ STR, Jt is with the greatett pride and fatisfac- tion I receive from this honovrable Court fuch a teftimony of their approbation of my condué ; and with this very sworp [his Lordjpip at the fame time holding it up in bis re- ‘maiming band\ i hope foon to aid in reducing our implacable and inveterate enemy to pro- per and due limits ; without which this Coun- try can neither hope for nor expeéta folid, honourable, and permanent peace !”” His Lordfhip did not remain long in- active, for in coofequence of his own preffing folicitations he was enabled once more to hvift his flag in the fervice of his country ; and the Admiralty, with a due and appropriate regard to his glory, ap- pointed him to ihe command of the San Jofef, cf 110 guns, a fhip formerly boaided and taken by himfelt, with fo much glory, in the aétion off Cape St. Vincent. A confederacy of the Northern Powers having alarmed the nation, he was em- ployed to difolye it. A fleet confiting of eighteen fail of the line and four frigates, together with 4 number of gun boats and bomb -veffeis, in all fifty four fail, having been fitted out for this purpofe, proceeded from Yarmouth roads for the Baltic March 12, 1801. The command of this expedition was entrufted to Admiral Sir Hyde Parker, affifted by Vice Admiral Nelfon and Rear-Admiral Totty, the laft’ of whom loft his flag-fhip on a Jand-bank off the conft of Li.colnthire. On the ar- tival of the Englith iquadzon in the Catte- pat, Sir Hyde difpatched a letter to the Governor of Cronenburg, in which, afer alluding to the hoflile condué of Den- mark, be demanded, * Whether he could _ pafs that fortrets freely, and without im- "pediment ?”"* ‘ Qn being anfwered in the negative, he anchored near to the Ifland of Huen, and, fin company with Vice-Admiral Lord Nel- fon and Rear-Aimiral Graves furveyed the formidable line of thips, :adeaus, gal- Jeys, fire-vefels, and gun boats, flanked * Hiftory of the Heroes of. the French Re olution, vol. ii., p. 250 Maonruty Mac. No, 136, Memoirs of Lord Neifon. 44f and fupported by extenfive ba/teries on the two iflands called the Crowns, the largeft of which was mounted with from 50 to 70 pieces of cannon; thefe were allo further ftrengthened by two fhips of feventy guns, and a large frigate, in the inner-road of Copenhazen 5 while two fixty-four gun fhips, without mafts, were moored on the flat towards the entrance of the arfenal. Lord Nelfon, who bad offered his fer. vices for conducting the attack, now fhift- ed his flag from the St. George to the Elephant, and, notwith@anding the formi- dable preparations againit him, fearlefsly led the van, and paffed the Sound, with little or no lofs.. On the 2d of April he weighed to engage the Danith fleet, con- filting of fix fail ofthe line, eleven floating. batteries, one bomb-ketch, &c. The ac- tion cominenced at ten o’clock, and, afteg a fharp and bloody confli&, feventeen fail were either funk, burort, or taken. Tt oaght n t to be omirted, on the other hard, that the Danes conducted them- felves with great refolution ; that their principal batteries, as well as the fhips at the mouth of the harbour, were fill un- touched, and thattwo of his own divifion had grounded, and o'hers were in danger ; while it would have been extremely diff- cult to have returned with the prizes under the fire of the batteries. It was at this critical moment Lord N, difcovered that he was in ful! poffeffion of all his faculties, and equally capable of aéting the part of a ftatefman and a war- rior, as the following corrrefpondence will fafiiciently atrett : No, I. * Lord Nelfon has dire€tions to fpare Dene mark when no longer relifting 5 but if the firing is continued on the part wf Denmark, Lord Nelfon mutt be obliged to fet on fire all the floating-batreries he has taken, without having the power of faving the brave Dances who had defended them. (Signed) ‘¢ Nexson and Bronte, To the Brothers of Englifbmen, the Danes.” No. TI, “¢ His Royal Highnefs the Prince-Royal of Denmark has fent me, General-Adjutant Lindholm, on board to His Britannic Majef- ty’s Vice-Admiral the Right Hon. Lord Nel- fon, to afc the particular object of fencing the flag of truce,” ‘ No. ill. Lord Nelfon’s Anfuuer. *€ Lord Nelfon’s objcét in fending the flag of truce was humanity : he therefore coafencs that hoftilities Mall ceafe, and that the aK wounded 449 wounded Danes may be taken on fhore ; and Lord Nelfon will take his prifoners out of the veflels, and burn or carry off his prizes, as he fhall think fit. Lord Nelfon, with humble duty to His Royal ;\ighnefs the Prince of Denmark, will confider this the greateft vic- tory he ever gained, if it be the caufe of a happy reconciliation and union between his own molt gracious Sovereign and His Majefty the King of Denmark (Signed) ‘+ Nexson and Bronte.” Soon after this his Lordfhip went on More, and a conierence havi:g taken place, and an armiltice having beenagreed to and ratified, on the part of the Crown Prince on the one hand, and Sir Hyde Par- ker, Commander-in-Chief, on the other, he returned on board. The entire management of the nego- tiation 4. . ing thus devolved on Admir-] Lord “ehon, he next addreflec himfelf to the Swedifh Government, and ob‘ained the embargo to be taken eff all the En giith thips in the Baltic. Thefe two grand poinis having been gained, his Lordfh:p, who was obliged, on account of the ftate of his health, to return home, left inftruc- tions to his fuccefflor, Vice- Admiral Pole, to complete what was ftill wanting on the part of Great Britain. The critical death of Paul Emperor of Roffia, the contmu- anceot a formidab!e flect in the Baltic, and, above all, the memory of the battle of Co- penhagen, Which in point of fercenels fury pafled, and of fuccefs nearly equalled, that of the Nile, all contributed to the joyful event that fpeedily enfued,—a treaty of peace and amity with the Northern Powers. An opportunity now once more occurred of his retiring to the bofom of his fam ly, Accompaniea by honour, renown, and afflu- ence. But this was never once dreamed of by our gallant Commander, while his country remained at war ; for “* Victory, or Weitmintter- Abbey,”’ were always up- permoft in his thoughts, words, and ac- tions. As the enemy at this period boafled of their intentions to invade and fubjugaie the kingdom, he determined if poffible ta render all their vain-glorious threats abor- tive, by deftroying ‘heir flotilla in the port that protected it by means of numerous ba'- terfes and a confiderable army. For this purpole he noifted his fiag, as Vice-Adiniral of the Blue, on board *heMedafs, then lying at Sheernefs, and at the fame time alfumed the command of two fail of the line, Afteen frigates, and a variety of {mall craft. | In the month of Aveui, 1801, he bombard- éd the esemy’s flzet of gun-boats, armed e. Memoirs of Lord Nelfon. [Dec. 1, brigs, and lugger-rigged flats, with fuck effet, that in the cour of a few hours three of them were fuk and fix drove on fhore. An attempt was made b\ boats to effe& more, and more would in all proba- bility have been effected, had not a treaty fuddenly taken place and been concluded on terms in ro wife commenturate with either the hopes entertained or ihe achieve- m nts performed. He was now enabl-d to retire to the eftaie lately purchafed by nimfelf, Merton, and enjoy che fociety of his friends ; but no fooner was this fhort and ill-(arred peace diffolved, than his Lordfhip was called upon to take the command o° the fhips in the Mediterranean. He accord- ingly repaired thither, 9 board the Vic- tory, May zo, 1803, and formed ‘he block- ade o' Foulon with a power‘ul {quadron. Notwithttaeding all the vigilance employ- ed, a fleet efcaped out of this port on the goth of March, 1305, and fhortly after formed a junétion with the Cadiz fqua- dron, Sir John Orde being obliged to re- tire before fuch a fuperiority in point of numbers. The gallant Nelfon no fooner received intelligence of this event, than he followed the enemy to the Weft-Indies ; and fuch was the terror of his name, that they re- turned without effeting any thing worthy of mention, and got into port after run- ning the gauntlet through Sir Robert Calder’s \quadron. The enemy having thos again eluded his pur/uit, He re turned almo{t inconfolable to England ; but departed foon after to affume the com- mand of the fleet off Cadiz, where, impa- tient of further delay, he had recourfe to every art to induce them to put once more to /ea. In this he at length proved fuccefsful ; and, while he confummated his glory, loft his life, as he had prediéted, in battle. } ‘As few or no private acc~unts have been as yet received, the following extract from the difpatch of Admiral (now Lord) Collingwood will afford, if not the com- pletelt, yet the molt authentic, details hi- therto in our power to obiain : <¢ The action began at twelve o’clock, by the leadiag fhips of the columns breaking through the enemy’s line, the Commander- in-Chijef about the tenth fhip from the van, the fecond in’ command about the twelfth from the rear; leaving the van of the enemy unoccupied ; the fucceéding thips breaking through in ali parts aftern of their leaders, and engaging the enemy ‘at the muzzles of their guns. The conflict was fevere : the : : enemy's . 1\ 1805.} enemy’s fhips were fought with a gallantry highly honovrable to their officers : but the attack on them was irrefiftible, and it pleafed the Almighty Difpofer of all events to grant His Majefty’s arms a complete and glorious vigtory. About three P. M. many of the enemy’s fhps having ftruck their colours, their line gave way. Admiral Gravina with ten fhips, joining their frigates to leeward, ftood towards Cadiz. The five headmoft fhips in their van tacked, and, ftanding to the fouthward, to windward of the Britifh line, were engaged, and the fternmoft of them taken: the others went off, leaving to His Majefty’s fquadron nineteen fhips of the iine, of which two are firft-rates, the Santiffima Trinidada ana the Santa Anna. with three flag officers, viz., Admiral Villeneuve, the commander-in-chief, Don Ignatio Maria D’Aliva, vice-admiral, and the Spanifh rear- admiral Don Baltazar Hidalgo Cifneros. + After fuch a vi@ory it may appear unne- eeflary to enter into encomiums on the parti- cular parts taken by the feveral Command- ers ; the conclufion fays more on the fubje& than I have language to exprefs ; the fpirit which animated all was the fame: when all exert themfeives zealoufly in their country’s fervice, all deferve that their high merits fhould ftand recorded ; and never was high merit more confpicuous than in the battle I have defcribed. «¢ The Achille, a French 74, after having furrendered, by fome mifmanagement of the Frenchmen, took fire and blew up. Two hundred of her men were faved by the tenders. *< A circumftance occurred during the ac- tion, which fo ftrongly mars the invin- cible fpirit of Britith feamen, when engag- ing the enemies of their country, that I cannot refift the pleafure I have in making it known to their Lordthips :—-The Teme- raire was boarded, by accident or defign, by a French fhip on one fide and a Spaniard on the other ; the conteft was vigorous, but, in the end, the combined enfigns were torn from the poop, and the Britifh hoifted in their places. €€ Such a battle could not be fought with- out fuftaining a great lofs of men. I have not only to lament, in common with the Britifh navy.and the Britifh nation, in the fall of the Commander-in Chief, the lofs of a hero, whofe name will be immortal, and his memory ever dear to his country ; but my heart is rent with the mof poignant grief for the death of a friend, to whom, by many years intimacy, anda perfec&t knowledge of the virtues. of bis mind, which infpired ideas fuperior to the common race of men, 1 was bound by the ftrongeft ties of affe€tion ; a’ grief to which even the glorious occafion in Memoirsof Lord Nelfon. 443 which he fell, does not bring the confo- lation which perhaps it ought. His Lord- fhiv received a mufket ball in his left breaft, about the middle of the aétion, and fent an officer to me immediately with his laft fare- wel ; and foon after expired,” Thus tell glorioufly, on his owa quar- ter-deck, after a tong and obftinate con- teft, and at the very moment when the greateft naval victory ever obtained be- fore by his country had been achieved, Horatio. Lord Vifcount Neifon, on the 21ft of O&ober, 1805. He dropned by a mulket-fhot, that entered bel w his left fhoulder, and, from the alarming pofition of the wound, afforded from the hrf but little hopes of fuccefs. Tie laft awful {cene was worthy of his former life. — When carried below, the furgeons being bufied about others, he waved every idea of rank and fuperiority, and defired to be attended in rotation. When he learned his fate, not from the mouth, but the countenance, of his medical attendant, his mind was ftill occupied with the fame earneftnefs as betore abour the difcharge of his public functions. It was with this view that he communicated his fituation to Admirai Coliingwood, the fecond in command, and gave orders to all around him. His mind feemed foo*hed ou his be- ing told that the arms of his country had fo completely triumphed, that fifteen fail of the enemy were then in the power of his fleet ; and, after fome kind obferva- tions refpecting prefent, and tender adieus to abfent, friends, the Hero breathed his laft ! hay No feaman recorded in our naval annals ever fuffered fo much in perfon, or acquir- ed fo much in glory. The lofs of an eye, an arm, a wound on the forehead, and fe. veral coniufions in the body, are fo many proofs of the truth of che former affertion 5 the cupture of forty-feven {ail of the line, one hundred and twenty-four actions by fea and Jand, among which were four me- morabdle pitched ba tles, in three of which he commanded,—S'. Vincent’s, Aoukir, Copenhagen, and that in which he at once triumphed and fell,—atteft the juftice of the latter. His Majetty has already conferred the well-earned title of Earl of Trafslgar on his brother; and it is to be hoped that his memory will be perpetuated, and his ex- ample recorded tor the imitation of out naval commanders during the pre‘ent and future ages, with a munificence worthy of a greatand gratetul nation. 4K. PROCEEDINGS C aay Wy [Dec. i, PROCEEDINGS OF LEARNED SOCIETIES. ee a ROYAL SOCIETY. R. Herscuer has laid before this Society, of which he has been long an aétive member, a paper on the Direc- tion of the Sun and Solar Syftem. The Jearned af'ronomer conceived, more than twenty years ago, that it was highly pro- bable there was a motion of the Sun and fclar fyftem towards A Herculis; and he faysthe reafons which were in 1783 point- ed out for introducing a felar motion will now be much firengthened by other confi- deations. We cannot, for the want of figures, follow Dr. Herfchel in his reafon- ing on this fubje€t. He conceives that the motion of the Sun and folar! fyftem will account for the apparent motions of the larger fixed ftars upon much the eafieft principles. ‘Thus by admitting a motion of the Sun towards A Herculis, the annual motions of fix flars, viz., Sirius, Aréturus, Capella, Lyra, Aldebsran, Procyon, may be reduced to little more than 2”, whereas the fum of them would be 5.3537 ; and by another table, founded on a calculation ot the angles, and the leaft quantities of real motion of the fame fix flars, it appears that the annual proper motion of the {tars may be reduced to 1”.4594, which is o”.7655 lefs than the fum in the former cafe. In another paper on this fubject the Doster means to confider the velocity of the folar motion. ' Dr. Herscuet has prefented to the So- ciety anaiher paper containing Obferva, tions on the fingular Figure of the Planet Saturn. ‘¢ There is not (fays the author) perhaps another object in the heavens that prefents vs with fuch a variety of extraor- dinary phenomena as the planet Saturn. A magnificent globe, encompafled by a ftupendous double ring; attended by feven fatellites ; ornamented with equa- torial belts; compreffed at the poles ; turning upon ixs axis ; mutually eclipfing its ring and fatellues, and eclipfed by them ; the molt diflant of the rings alfo turning pon its.axis, and the fame taking place with the fartheft of the fatellites , all the parts of the fyften of Saturn occa- fionally reflecting lignt to each other ; the rings aod moons illuminating the nights of the Saturnian; the globes and {atellites eclightening the dark parts of the rings ; and’ the planet and rings throwing back the Sun’s beams upon the moons, when they are deprived of them at the time of conjunction.” ; Befides thefe circumftances, which ap< pear to leave hardly any room far addition, there is yet a fingularity left, which diftin- guifhes the figure of Saturn from that of all the other planets. It is flattened at the poles, but the {pheroid that would arife from this flattening is mod:fied by fome other caufe, which Dr. H. iuppofes to be the attrafion of the ring. It refembles a parallelogram, one fide of which is the equatorial, the other the polar diameter, with the four corners rounded off, fo as ta leave both the equatorial and polar re, gions flatter than they would be in aregu- lar (pheroidical figure. By another oblervation, in which Dr. Her{chel had a good opportunity of com- paring Saturn with Jopiter, he found the figure of the two planets to be decidedly different. The flattening at the poles and on the equator of Saturn is much greater than it is on Jupiter, but the curvature at the laticude of from 40° to 48° on Jupiter is lefS than on Saturn, As the refult of another fet of obferva- tions, Dr. H. fuppofes the latitude of the greateft curvature to be lefs than 45 de- grees. The eye will alfo diftinguifh the difference in the three diameters of Saturn. That which paffes through the points of the greateft curvature is the largeft, the equatorial the next, and the polar diameter the fmalle#. The following table gives the proportions : The diameter of the greateft curvature, = - - - 36 The equatorial diameter, ~ 35 The polar diameter, - - 42 Latitude of the longeft diameter, 43°.20° The obfervations tbrown out in this pa- per concerning the figure of the body of Saturn, will lead to fome intricate re- fearches, by which the quantity of matter in the ring, and its folidity, may in fome meafure be afcertained. They afford alfq anew inftance of the effect of gravitation on the figure of the planets ; for, in the cafe of Saturn, we fhal! have to confider the oppofite influence of two centripetal and two centrifugal forces ; the rotation of both the ring and planet having been afcertained in fome of Dr. Herfchel’s for- mer papers. 5 Mr. HArcHETT has given two paper Onan Artificial Subftance which pot fefles the principal charaéteriltic Properties of Tanning.” He defines tanning to be a peculiar tubftance or principle which is naturally 1805.) naturally formed, and exifts in a great number of vegetable bodies, fuch as oak- bark, galls, fumach, catechu, &c., com- monly accompanied by extraét, gallic- acid, and mucilage. Recent experiments have convinced Mr. H. that a fubftance pofleffing the chief charaéteriftic proper- ties of tanning may be formed by very fimpfe means, not only from vegetable, but even from mineral and animal fub- ftances.. It may be formed by expofing carbon to the aétion of nitric acid, and this is beft effe€ied when the carbon is un» combined with ahy other fubftance except- ing oxygen, A portion of Bovey coal was expofed to a red heat in a clofe veffel, and was then reduced to powder and digefted with nitric acid. Nearly the whole was converted into the tanning fubftaece. A coal from Suffex, and a piece of the Surturbrand from Iceland, yielded fimilar refulrs.— Deal faw-duit alfo, converted fir into charcoal, and then treated in the manner already defcribed, yielded a liquid which copioufly precipitated gelatine. Thefe arg bur a part of Mr. Hatchett’s experiments. ‘They are, however, fufi- cient to exhibit the principle, and tojuftify the conclufion, ‘* That a fubltance very analogous to tanning, which has hitherto been confideyed as one of the proximate principles of vegetables, may be produced by expofing caibonaceous fubftances, whether vegetable, animal, or mineral, to the action of nitric acid,” The efficacy of this new fubftance has been proved by actual praétice, and Mr. H. has converted fkin into leather by means of materials, which, to jrofetfional men, mult, as he-conceives, appear extra. ordinary, fuch as deal faw-duft, afphal- tum, turpentine, ;it-coal, wax-candle, and eyen a piece of the fame fort of fkio.— Hence it is hoped that an economical pro- cefs may be difcovered, fo that every tan- ner may be enabled to prepare his leather eyen from the refule of his prefent mate- rials, Mr. Hatcuert’s fecond paper con- tains additional experiments and remarks on the fame fubftance, from which it ap- pears, that three varieties of the artificial tanning fubftance may be formed; viz., x. That which is produced by the ac- tion of nitric acid upon any carhonaccous fubftance, whether yegetable, animal, or mineral, 2. That which is formed by dittilling Nitric acid from common sehn, indigo, dragon’s-blood, and various other fub- lances. Proceedings of Learned Societies. 445 3- That which is yielded to alkohol by common refin, clemi, affa-foetida, camphor, &c. after thefe bodies have been fome time previoufly digetted with fulphuric acid, The firft variety is. moft eafily formed Fa and in fome cales 100 grains of dry veges table charcoal afforded 120 of the tanning fubftance. E The fecond variety is obtained from 4 great variety of vegetable bodies, by di, gefting and diftilling them with nitrig acid ; but it is net fo readily prepared ag the fir(t, nor in fo large proportiona} quan= tities. The third variety appears to be unis. formly produced during a certain period of the proce/s, but by long continuance of the digeftion it is deftroyed. Sublitances, fuch as gums, which afford much oxalic acid by treatment with otheg acids, do not yield any of this tanning fubfance. The energy of its action on gelatine and {kin is inferior to that of the fit variety, into which, however, it may be eafily converted by nitric acid. _ Mr. Timotuy Lang, in a paper laid before the Royal Society, has attempted to prove that mere oxides of iron are rigt magnetic; that any inflammable fub- ftances mixed with them do not render them magnetic, until they are by heat clemically combined with the oxides, and that when the combuftible fubdftance is again feparated by heat, the oxides return to their unmagnetic ftate. By repeated experiments Mr. Lane found that heat alone produced no magnetic effeét on the oxide, and that inflammable matter with heat always rendered {ome of the particles magnetic. Ex.1. He mixed {ome oxides of iron with coal in a glafs mortar, and continued rubbing them together for fome time with- out any magnetic effect. The mixture was then put into a tobacco-pipe, and~ placed in the clear red-heat of a commoy fire’; as foon as the pipe had acquired a red-hent it was taken out. The mixture was put on a glazed tile to cool, and prov- ed highly magnetic. Ex. 2. Ve ruvbed fome oxides of iron in a glals mortar, with fulpbur, charcoal, campher, ether, alkohol, &c., but no magneti{im was produced without a heat equal to about thar of boiling lead. Small quantities cf any toflammahle matier in ared heat have-an evitent effect on the oxide, Hydrogen, aided by aed. heat, venders the oxide magnetic. Alko- hol, if puve, has the fame effect, The portion of isfammable matter re. quifite to render a confiderable quantity of 4. Oxide 446 oxide magnetic is hye fmall, fince a fingle grain of camphor, diffolved in an ade- quate portion of alkohol, and mixed with roo grains of the oxide in a glals moriar, will, by a red-heat, render the whole mag- netic. ; As oxides of iron are rendered magne- tic by heat when mixed with inflammable matter, it may be underftood why Pruf- fian-blue, fulphurets, and ores of iron containing inflammable matter, become magnetic by the agency of fire; while thefe fame ones revert to their unmagnetic ftate, when the heat has been continued Jong enough to drive off the whole of the inflammable matter. Thus calcined ful- phurets of iron, diftingutfhable by their red colour, are found among the cinders of a common fire, unmagnetic, when all the {ulphur is fublimed. Mr. KnicuHT, in a paper ‘f On the Réproduétion of Buds,” fays, every tree, in the ordinary courfe of its growth, ge- werates in each feafon thofe buds which expand in the fucceeding fpring, and the buds thus genera‘ed contain in many in- ftances the whole Jeaves which appear in the following fummer. But it thefe buds be deltroyed in the winter, or early part of the fpring, other buds, in many f{pecies of trees, are generated, which in every refpest perform the office of thofe which previoufly exifted, except that they never afford fruit or bloffoms. He then proceeds to mention different theories te account for this ; and as his own opinion, he fays, New Patents lately enrolled. [Dec. 1, that the buds neither {pring from the mes dulla nor the bark, but are generated by central veflels which {pring from the lates ral orifices of the alburnous tubes. The practicability of propagating fome plants from their leaves may feem to ftand in op- pofition to this hypotheGs ; but the cen- tral veffel is always a component part of the leaf, and from it the bud and young plant probably originate.. Mr K. thinks that few feeds contain lefs than three buds, one of which only, except in cates of ac- cident, germinates. Some feeds contain a much greater number, The feed of the peach appears to be provided with ten or twelve icaves, each of which probably co- vers the rudiment of a bud, and the feeds, like the buds of the horle-chefnut,. contain all the leaves, and apparently all the buds, of the fucceeding year. Annual and biennial plants do not ap- pear to poffefs the power given to peren- nial plints to repraduce their buds. Some biennials poffefs a fingular r-fource when all their buds have been deftroyed. ‘A turnip (fays Mr. K.) from which T had cut off the greater part of the fruit-ttalks, and of which all the buds had been de- ftroyed, remained fome weeks in an ap- parently dormant ftate; after which the firft feed in each pod germinated, and burfting the feed-veffel, feemed to execute the office of a bud and leaves to the parent plant during the fhort remaining term of its exiftence, when its preternatural foliage perifhed with it.” Fearne nS a NEW PATENTS LATELY ENROLLED. = MR. WILLIAM KENT’s (PLYMOUTH), Jor Additions and Improvements on a Candleftick, as will be found to prevent accidental Fires in tke Uje of Candles. | °HIS invention, if fuch it may be call- ed, is a very trifling improvement upon thofe guard-candlefticks which have been many years made ult of in bed-rooms by thofe who are accuftomed to bura night-lighis. Infiead of the tin guard, gifs ov horn is recommended ; a contriv- ace is added to keep in the water when the candleftick is to be meved about ; and a hole in the focket to admit the water, and to take out the end of the candle that drops in. MR. ROWNTREE’s (CHRIST-CHURCHy SURREY), for an Improvement in Wa- ter-Clofets. The water-clofet defcribed in this fpe-, cification is portable, and may be moved from place to place without taking to pieces, and ‘has ail the advantages in re- {pect to prevention of fell whicn is found in thofe that are fixed. It may be made for fick-rcoms, and on fuch a {cale as to occupy no mare {pace, or be more incum- brance, than a night chair, The refer~ voir for water is fixed in the fame piece of furniture as the bafin and foil-receiver, which latter is fo fixed to the foil-pipe from the bafin, that it may be taken away, and 1805.] and replaced at pleafure. The fmell is prevented fromgetting out of the receiver by means of the foil-pipe from the bafin form- ing an air-tight junction with it, either by having the end of the pipe immerfed in water, or jome proper fluid, or otherwife made clyie by flanches, infition, &c. a MR. CHARLES HOBSON’S and MR. CHARLES SYLVESTER’s (SHEF- FIELD), fora Method of Manu-afur ing Zinc inte Wire, and into Veffels and Utenfilsjor Culinary and other Purpofes. We have already, in a former Number, referred to this invention, and thali now give a more tull and accurate defcription of it. §* The difcovery (fay the paten- tees) upon which the procefles of our me~ thod are grounded, and fo effentially ae- pend, is, thar zinc, which has veen here- tofore called a (emi-metal, becaufe it is not malleable, and {carceiy capable of exten- fion, by mechanical means, at the ordinary temperature of the atmofphere, or at thole hea's which are ufually applied in forg’ng or extending the metals. cailed entire me- tals, is capable of beng extended by hammering, laminating, wire drawing, effing, ftamping, &c., provided the zinc ye Kept during the {aid operations at or about a certain beat. By the method now made ufe of, the zinc is caft into ingots or thick p ates, which, when intendc. to be mechanically wrought, are to be neated in an oven toa temperature between 210 and 300 degrees of the !caleof Fahrenheit. For wire, it is molt convenient that the zinc be caft into ¢ylinders, and thefe are to be extended be- tween rollers at the above temperature, till their lengths are increafed f ur times, after which they may be drawn through wire-plares withou: farther heati g or an- * nealing, unlefs the pieces be very thick, Plates of zinc may be made by working it from the ingot or piece between rollers, at the temperature aforelaid, and thofe lates may be hammered up into veflels or cwinary purpofes by tie fame treat- ment a8 is applied to other metals, taking care, when.the fize or form, or other in- tended requilites uf the veflels require it. to heat or anneal the zinc at proper times during the operation. Urentils: of every Uelcription may be ftamped, forged, or wrought, of zinc, during its malleable ftate ; and when it is neceflary to unite pieces or plates of zinc together, folder is to be ufed coniifting of cwo parts of tin and one part of zinc, more or le's, accord- ing to the hardnefé and fufibility required, New Patents lately enrolled, AL? or gommon glaziers folder may be ufed and applied.” a MR, CHAPMAN’S (HOLDERNESS, YORK), Jor a Mill for Tearing, Crufbing, and Prepariny Oak-Bark, to be ufea by Tan- nersin ihe Procefs of Tanning Hides. The nature of this inveiion cannot be deferibed without the ufe of figures. It will therefore be {ufficient to fay, that the mill is adapted to the force of tteam, wind, water, or horfes, and ihat the rag-wiheels may be made of any kind of metal. The rag-barrel has twenty rows of zlaies, or more; this is kept clean by a fp:ke-roller. A fmaller barrel, turniag in a contrary di- reGtion ro the rig- barre!, gathers the bark, and hol.s it tat by having the points up- wards woilit the rag-barrei is tearing it to pieces. A cylinder feparates the ground of torn bark, which falls into a bafker adapted to the purpole. Bins are alfe placed to reccive the fine and the coarler dutt. Sree eee MR. MARSLAND’s (HEATON-NORRIS, LANCASTER), for Improvements in the Procefs of Dytag Silk, Woollen, Mobair, Fur, Hair, Cotton, and Linen, ina Ma- nufatlurrd and in the Raw State, In our laft we gave an account of Mr. Marfland’s method of fizing yarn, The invention here deferibed is but an exten- fion, er pernaps an ap lication only, of the fame principle. The articles to be dyed mult be put into an airtight receiver ; then, by means of an air-pump, or other means, a vacuum is to be produced, or ag~ Much of the air extracted as poffible, and fuch of the liquid materials, or fubftances commonly ufed in dying, are to be intro- duced into the receiver, care being taken that no air, or as listle as poffible, be ad- mitted into it. The articles to be dyed are then to remain in fuch lquid materials as are c ntained 1 the receiver until they are fuffciently faturated therewith. A. lid, grating-bars of wood, or other folid fubftance, mult be placed within the re- ceiver, at the diliance of a few inches from the top thereof, to prevent the articles which are to be dyed fiom rifing above the turface of the liquor. é ae A patent has been lately taken out in Paris by whe Sieur Defpiav, for an ime provement in weaving, which renders it tinneceflary for the workman to throw the fhutle with his hand. The weaver, when he fets his foot on the treadles to open the warp, at the fame time moves two 448 two {ptings, ‘placed on each fide of the loom, by which the fhuttle is thrown af the moment when the*frame is removed back as far as it ought to be. therefore remain at liberty, and he can pull back the frame when he wifhes to make the texture cloler. Experiments have proved that a weaver may work losger, and with much lefs fatigue, at this than at a common loom ; that he can, in twelve hours, weave twelve Paris ells of a yatd-wide cotton-{tuff, whereas, by the ordinaty flying-thutthe, a good workman ean fcarcely, in the fame time, make more than four cr fix ells. The fame experi- Mantlily Retrofpect of the Fines Arts, His hands. (Dec. 1; ments likewife have fhewn that this im=’ proved loom may be employed with ad- vantage in the manufaéture of all kinds of ftuffs, woollens, blankets, linens, &c., and that the additions and alterations required by ordinary looms willbe attended with very little expence ; that the coafttu&ion ' of the mechani{m by which the fhuttle is thrown is fimple, and requires no expence to keep it in repair, and may be adapted’ to all looms of the ordinary conflruétion. Looms of this conftru&tion are fitted up by Meflis. Barbazan and Co., at the Go- belins at Paris, at the expence of from twe to two guineas ard a half. MONTHLY RETROSPECT OF THE FINE ARTS, The Loan of all new Prints and Communications of Articles of Intelligence are requéfied, WHE univerfal and heartfelt tribute of refpest which Has been paid to the fiemidry of the late lamented Lord Nel- fon, has communicated its influence to the painters ard poets; avd many, very many, have, ever fince we had the advice of his death, been exerting all their poww- ers to perpetuate bis praife and immor- talize his fame. They began with mix- ing marks of their regret with the illumi- nations for his brilliant vi&tory, in which the blazing windows bore teftimony (o the feelings of the inhabitants, *¢¥n words that blaze, and thorghts that burn.” Tt muf be acknowledged, however, that fome of the inferiptions were more fimilar to readings in Weftminfler- Abbey, than te the tranfparencies of a rejoicing-night. Jean, the artitt, of Newman ftreet, ex- hibite4 a tranfparency of Biitanoia, with the ofual infignia of Fame, the victories of the gallant Admiral, and on the weit. fide an urn, with the following inicription : *¢ Britannia, victor, ever muft deplore Her darling Hero, Nelfon, now no more !” The infcription at the houfe of Mr. Abraham Goidimid was peculiarly ap- propriate and intelligent. Between two cordons of lamps, in tranfparent letters. €¢ | rejoice. for my country, but mourn for my friend.” 4 But fetting afide thefe little effufions of the hcur, we find that feveral great works are in hand on the occafion, Mefrs. Boydells’ intend having a very capital picture engraved in the fir ftyley in commemoration of the event, but we believe have not yet encirely arranged the plan, though. it will be laid before the publicin a few days. Mr. Weft and Mr. Heath have ane nounced and advertifed their plan. Mr. Copley has.ftated thathe intends paints a large pi€ture on the fame fub» ject. We have, befides -thefe, many adver. tifements from other artifts, who intend publifhing memorials on a fmaller fcale. Mr. Orme has advertifed an engraving from a picture to be painted by Mr. Craig 5 and Mr. Ackermann, we have been told, will almoft immediately publifh a highly- finiied graphic Record of the, Admiral’s *vidories, &c., {urmounted with a naval trophy in honour of his memory, The Hoenovrable Mrs. Damer has pre- fented to the Corporation of the City of London a marble Buf of Lord, Nelion, which ig to be pliced on an elegant marble pedettal, and depofiied in the Coyscil- Chamber at Guildhall. In about a month’s time Meffis. Boy- dells’ will publifh a Portrait of Lord Nel. fon, which is now engraving by Earlom, from a pifture painted by Sir William Beechey, and prefented to the Corpora+ tion of the City of Londen by the late Alderman Boydell. We faw this picture foon after it was finifhed, and thought it cne of the fine that Sir William Beechey ever painted.— iy 1805.) It isa mof fpirited and animated por- trait, marked with mind and appropriate charaéter, but not painted 10 be viewed “upwards of twenty feet above the eyey and at that height, we were much morti- fied to fee, it is exhibited in the Council- Chamber at Guildhall, where it is placed immediately over the feat of the Lord Mayor. Bat juftice to the memory of our Jamented Hero demands its removal toa fituation nearer the eye; for here the whole portrait appears of one tone of co- lour, and the honourable fear in the Ad miral’s forehead, which was a remarkable mark, is entirely loft, The portrait of Lord Rodney, which is fo painted that it would admit of being placed at a greater height, is about twelve feet from the eye. The fituatin of the two por- traits might be changed, and Lord Nel- fon put in the place now appropriated to Lord Rodney, and wice verfa. Six Views in Derbyfbire. Defigned by T, Hof- land. Engraved by F. Bluck. No. I, II., IIl., and IV., different Views in Dove Dale ; No. V., Matlock- Bath ; No. V1., Matlock. Thefe fix Views of this grand and moft romantic county are printed in colours, with borders to each of them to imitate ftained drawings, to which they havea very ftriking refemblance. We have fel- dom feen any thing more pleafing or pic- turefque in this line of the arts. The points ot view are chofen with great tate ; the colouring és exaétly appropriate ro the fcenery, and in an uncommon degree clear ; the water, efpecially that in the moon-light, perfe&tly pellucid ; and the whole together in an eminent degree at- traétive and interefting. The Majfquerade. Wm. Hogarth pinxt, T. Cook feulpt. This print is, as we have been told, en- _ graved from a piéture that has been long in the pofleffion of R, Palmer, Elq., who is now abroad ; and being feen by Mr. John Nichoils, and fume other gentlemen, who conceived it to be painted by Hogarth, ‘Mr. Cook obtained permiffion to engrave it, which he has done, in Jine, in a very good ftyle, and the original remains at his houfe in the Haymarket. In any thing from the pencil of this eat artift the public will naturally feel an intereft, and it is probable, that, when the prjnt is circulated, it may be feen by thofe who will recollect fome floating ttory of the day which may tend to throw a Monrauy Maga, No. 136. Monthly Retrofpeét of the Fines Arts. 449 light on the par: calar circumftance to which it alludes. It reprefents a room light-d bya large chandelier, in which arg. a number of figures in ma!querade-habits, among whom it is thought there are the following diftinguifhed perfonages, 0 whom the characters bear a refemblance : foreign ambafladors, Princefs Amelia, Prince ot Wales, Princefs Dowager of Wales, Lord Bute, Wiliam Duke of Cum- berlana, Milfs Wheeler, his prefent Ma jefly when very young, &¢, Lieutenant-Gereral the. Honourable Henry Ed- ward Fox Lieutenant-Gavernor of Gibraltar. T. Phillips pinxt. C. Turner feulpt. We men ioned in our laft Retrofpee& the fingular circumitance o* Mr. Nullekins having carved in tone fitreen bufts of Mr, Charles Fox, for different diftinguifhed perfonages. By this engraving from Mr. Phillips’s portrait of his brother, the print may be much more exeenfively circulated 5 and it is highly worthy of the notice it is likely to obtain, for it is a very good mezzotinto, engraved from a well painted picture, and, as we are told, a ftriking likenefs. Prints frem two very beautiful draw- ings by Wettall are now in a fate of for- wardnefs, and will in a fhort time be pub- lifhed for Clay and Scriven, Ludgate- ftreet, who are the proprietors of the drawings. The firft, reprefenting Tele- machus landing with Mentor, will be en- graved by Scriven ; the comp2nion print, reprefenting Telemachus and Mentor in the Grotto, by W:1 iamfon. Mr. Ackermann has publifhed No, IT. and III. of The Rudiments of Cattle, drawn and engraved in imitation of black chalk, by Hurit Villiers.. Thete Numbers con- tain twelve plates, with the heads and full length figures of horfes, cows, dogs, goats, fheep, &c, This work is admira- bly executed ; and fuch a work has long been wanted by the ftudents in drawing. He has alfo publithed No. II, of four chalk heads, in imitation of drawings, containing Ophelia, nslanys Iris, and Niobe, and allo a continlation of the beautiful vignettes engraved by Agar from Burney’s drawings, and « number of whimfical caricatures on the recent oc- currences of the prefent eventful period. Kew-cottage, in Kew-gardens, has une dergone feveral alterations, and receivegt many improvements, under the direction of her Royal Hghnets the Princefs Eliza- beth, whofe taite is as diftinguifhed as her 3L rank. 450 yank. For the Queen's Study fhe has painted a number of beautiful bouquets, &&c., and arranged the pictures and prints in the other apartments, one of which is fw entirely appropriated to early imprel- fions from the belt works of Hogarth. | SCULPTURE. As a teftimony of national gratitude to that gallant General the late T. Dundas, who died in the Weft-Indies during the Jaft war, Parliament fome time fince voted 2 fum of money for a monument to com- moemorate his fignal. military achieve- ments. The monument was accordingly executed by Mr. Bacon, ereéted in St. Paul’s Cathedral, and about the middle of laft month opened and fubmitted to the in{fpection of the public. It confilts of a coloffal ftatue of Britan- nia, placing a wreath of laurel on the buft of the General, which is ereéted on his tomb. Britannia is aflociated with a figure of Senfbility ; to the right of which is the Genius of Britain prefenting an olive-branch, allufive to the objeét of our exertions in war being the attainment of @n honourable peace. By the fide of the pedeftal is a Lion, and military trophies are placed on tne tomb, which is enriched by an alto-relievo reprefentation of Bri- tannia in the act of protecting Liberty from Anarchy and Hypocrify. This monument is quite equal to any of thofe lately opened. The drapery is executed with a lightnefsand delicacy that is abfolutely aftonifhing ; and though it was the opinion of Sir Jofhua Reynolds ‘that the ancients aéted more wifely than the moderns, in not attempting to give the airy lightnefs of filk to thefe rigid mate- rials, we ftill think that it cannot be a de- fe&t fora ftatue to come as near as may be to a refemblaace of that from which it is copied ;—be it obferved, we mean as to form ; for to paint a ftatue like that of the redoubted ‘dagger-knight Sir William Walworth, in Fifhmongers’. Hall, would be rather too pretiy to be pleafing-to any eye except that of a Hottentot.- To return to the monument,—The figure ftanding on an inclined plane gives Monthly Retrofpec? of the Fine- Arts. | Dec. T, an idea of a figure that -does not ftand firm; and the left leg has rather an awk- ward appearance. As the Lionis a prin- cipal object, it is a pity that it is not like nature, any deviation from which, in fo noble an animal, is fo far from improving, that it inevitably injures. The bolt ap- pears to be very highly and accurately finifhed. There is not yet any infeription on either this or the monument of Captain Faulkner, which has been finifhed fome time. The infcription on Captain Bur- gefs’s monument has a poor and vulgar effest, from the letters being fo violently black, like thofe on a common grave-ftene in a country church. yard, A Relative to any citcumftance that ex- Cites public attention at the beginning of the month, we have frequently five or fix caricature-prints, fuch as they are, before the month is half concluded. The {peed with which thefe precious fpecimens of copper fative are engraved, and the induf- try with which they are circulated, is not more remarkable than the dullnefs with which they are conceived, the clumfinefs with which they are executed, and the marvellous alacrity with which they fink ito oblivion, That fuch has been the fate of many reams of this graphic wit, is a fertous truth: but cf this fate the f{pi- rited produétions of Mr.-Gilray are in no danger. The fubje&ts are ufually well feleéted, feized with peculiar promptitude, almoft invariably whimfically and well combined, and etched with a celerity that has been rarely attained by any other ar- tift. He: has lately publifhed feveral, which have much point, relative to the local circumftances of the day. In the laft which we have feen, of General Mack's Surrender of Ulm to Bonaparte, there is whim and wit. Ata gerferal meeting of the Royal Aca. - demicians, the beginning of Jaft month, LB. Welt, Efg., Prefident, communicated to them His Majefty’s approbation of _ John Opie, Efq., as profeffor of painting, he having been ele&ted at a general affem- bly held in Auguft laft. Mr. Richard Weltmacot, jun., was afterwards declar~ an affociate of the Royal Academy. VARIETIES bat 1805.] (451) VARIETIES, Literary anp PHILosoPpHICAL, Including Notices of Works in Hand; Domeflic and Foreign. &,* Authentic Communications for this Article will always be thankfully received. eee readers for the inadvertent admifhion, among the Incidents of laft month, of an extravagant article, copied from the news- papers, relative toa fuppofed London Am; phitheatre of Sciences, to be erected on the fite of Bethlehem Hofpital. We be- lieve that no fuch fcheme is in agitation, and that it originated only in the brain of fome idle projector. With refpect to the real London Inflitution, we are authorized to infarm the public, that a houfe for its ‘temporary accommodation is hired for it in the Old Jewry, being the fpacious man- fion once occupied by Mr. Sharpe the fur- geon, and by others. A valuable collec- tion of books already procured is now put- ting upin it, and the dibrary and reading- Teoms are propofed to be opened to the _ fubferibers on the firft of January .next.— The prefent fund of this Inititution is about 70,0001. The {plendid Englith edition of Giral- dus Cambrenfis, by Sir RicHakp CoLr Hoare, Bart., is in the prefs, and will be publifhed the enfuing f{pring. This Curious Itinerary of Archbifhop Baldwin through Wales, io the year 1188, was un- devtaken by the defire of Henry II., for the purpofe of preaching up the caule of the crufades. The details of the journey, and of the various incidents which occur- red to the miffion, were committed to writing by Giraldus, who accompanied the Archbifhop. To this Itinerary he added a Defcription of Wales, in two books, explaining the topography of the country, and the manners and cuftoms of its inhabitants. The whole will fhortly, for the firft time, be fubmitted to the pub- fic in the Enghth language. It will be illuftvated by numerous Annotations ; by a Map, delineating the tour of the cru- faders ; by thirty-one Views drawn from nature, by Sir Richard Hoare, engraved by the late celebrated Mr. Byrne; by - Plans of the cathedral churches of Lan- daff and St. David’s ; by Portraits of Rhys Prince of South-Wales, and the author Giraldus ; and by many other architec- tural and monumental antiquities, drawn by Carter, and engraved by Bafire.— A copious Life of the author will be given, and an Introduétion to the Hiltory’ of Wades prios to the date of the Itinerary, : | bes is neceflary for us to apologize to our in which all the Roman roads and {tations hitherto difcovered will be particularly de- {cribed. At the fame time with the above will be republithed a fmall impreffion of the Latin edition of the Itinerary and Defcrip- tion of Wales, with the Annotations of Dr. Powe. To which will be, added, the fecond book De Illaudabilibus Walia, written by Giraldus, and omitted in every former edition of-his works. Mr. THELWALL, having delivered a patriotic effufion on the late glorious Na- val Vigtory to feveral crowded audiences at Liverpool, propofes to publith the fame under the title of *¢ The Trident of Al- bion 5” together with an Oration on the Influence of Elocution in kindling Martial Enthufiafm ; with an Addrefs to the Shade of Nelfon. A (mall. treatife is announced, under the title of «© The Dometic Guide, in Cafes of Infanity ;* pointing out the caufes, with the means of prevention, and the proper treatment, of that diforder, — Socrates, a dramatic poem, written on the model of the ancicut Greek tragedy, is io the prefs, and will be {peedily pub- ‘lihed. This admirable fubject for a dra- ma is now, we believe, adopted for tht firft time. eh The annual volume of Evening Amufe- ments is in the prefs, and will be publith-. ed in the courfe of this month, This, new volume is conftructed on a fimilar plan to the preceding. It alfo gives the fixed ap- pearances in the heavens in fuch a manner that it may be confulted without any ma- terial error for acentury. Mr. Hewson CLARKE, of Gatefhead, is preparing to publifh a volume, which will make #s appearance in a month or two, to confit of the Numbers of a Perio- dical Paper lately publified at Newcaftle. Mr. Carrer, ot the Secretary of State’s Office, has undertaken to compile, from official and other authentic documents, a New Topographical Diétionary of En- gland, Wales, Scotland, Ireland, and the Britith Ifles in general, on an entire new plan ; containing, belides all the interett. ing information given in every other work of the kind, the following additional mat- ter :—-1. Each place will be diftinguithed asa tything, hamlet, gownthip, parith, 3a market 452 market-town, borough, orcity ; 2. The parith will be {pecified wherein each ham Jet or townfhip is fituated 5 3. The hun- dred, as well’as couniy, will be named, wherein each place is fituated; 4. The nearelt pof or ovher town to cach place, and the diflance therefrom, as well as the ditance trom London, will be given; 5. Reét ries, vicaragey, or curacies, wiil bé diftinguifhed, and the value in the king’s' books will be given ; 6. All per pétual prefentations will be noticed ; 7. The number of houfes and inhabitants in each piace will be accurately ttated.— The whole will be compiled and corrected by the mo# accurate and recent cuun y hiftories, authentic reports, and furveys, and will contain upwards of one thoufand places not mentioned, or the name only given, in other works of the lame kind. Tt will at once anfwer every purpole of the local Hiftories for deicription, antiqui- ties, curiofities. &c.» and will combine every ufe of the-varivus Books of Roads, Travelling Companions, Liber Regis, &c., &c., &c. The author having been engaged under Government in compiling the Returns made t» Parliament both tor the population and cultivation of every parifh and townthip in England, Scotland, and Weles ; and hikewile in arranging the Clerical Returns, as well as the correéted Lilts received from the different clerks of the peace, has been enabled to conde: fe in this work infurmation not to be acquired in any other way. A new and correéted edition of Mr. Bucx’s Theological Diétionary will ap- pear early next year. , The authors of Flim Flams have en- tirely re-writren their volumes, and anew edition will appear in a few days. Mr. Suee’s admiied poem intitled «(Rhemes on Art” is printing in a more portable form. as “Mr. Cannina, jun... Tr. RENNELL’s Son, and a Son of the Mei quis of WeL- LESLEY, theieputed auth rs of a collec- tion of effiys ivt‘tled ** The Miniature,” are faid to have made confiderabie mm- provements tn that work, and anew edi- tion niay he expeéted to appear in the courle of the winrer, 2 ~ A new edition of Betu’s Travels to China'will be publified ina few weeks. ‘A’ Cletgyman inthe diocefe of York Was altidged all the Sermens of Bithép Taylor, and adopted them to the préicne ffate of the pulp.t, and tu the ule of fami. lies. Iv this new ttorm they will make three'volames in octavo. ** The fixth volume of Dr, SHAW’s work Literary and Philofopbical Intelligence. [Dec. }, on General Zoology will be publifhed within a fortnight. It.will be in two parts, like the preceding volumes, and urufvally rich in plates. : Mr. Gregory, of the Royal Military: Academy, Woolwich, has in the prefs ‘© A Treatife of Mechanics, Theoretical, Pyaétical, and Defcrip: ve.” which will be comprized in tws ‘large volumes oftavo, with plates, and which will be publifhed about Chiiftmas. 4 Mrs. Bryan, author of a Treatife on Attronomy, is prntwg her Le&tures on Natural Philo!ophy in an elega t quarta volume, illultrated with plates, which ‘will be publifhed by fubfcription in the fpring. A very interefting volume from the pen of the late ingenious Mr. STRUTT, au- thor of ** Sports of Great Britain,” &c, is preparing for publication. A new work, intitled “ Obfervations on Englith Architecture,” by the Rev. J. Dat Laway, isnow inthe prefs. Its ob- jeGt isa general and comvrenenfive view of ancien: military and ceclefialtical iruc~ tures in this kingdom, and ac mpariion of modern byidings with thole in a fimi- jar ftyleon the Continent. . The firft edition of Mr. Repron’s elegant and interefting work on Landfcape Gardening having been nearly all engaged by the fubieribe:s, a new edition will be ready for the public thé latier end of this morth. uw a a _ A work particularly interefting to the numerous» mechanilts in the various branches of mill-work for the extenfive manutfaéctures of this country, on the beft Form for the Teeth of Wheels for all, kinds « f machinery, is now printing, tran! lated from the French of Camus, and il- Juttrated by many plates. Dr. Parerson, of Londonderry, is prepiring for publication ** Difquifitions concerning Peftilential and Epidemic Dif- eaies, with a View to obtain Walid Prin- ciples whereon to found a Civil Conftitu- tion of Medical Police for Ireland.”” Dr. Jacxson will fhovtly publifh the Firtt Parr of Pra&tical Obfervations on the Febrile Difeaies of Gibraltar, which pre- vailed fo'fatally at that place laft autumn. Joun Disney, Elg. of the Inner- Temp'e, will publifh this month a Trea- tife on the Laws of Gaming and Wagers, incluling’a Digelt of the Statutes, and of the adjudged Cafes oni thete fubje€ts. Mi. Eowaarp Rusuton, of Liver- pool, hasa volume of Poems in the prefs, which will be ready for publication ina few wecks. : : . The oa ees 1805.] The Rey. W. H. Reyne tt, author of the Manual to the Plalms, has in the prefs a volume of Parochial Difcourfes, for the Inftru€tion of the Cofhmon People, on the Advent «f Chrift. The fixth volume (for the year 1804) ef the Afiatic Annual Regifter, is in the prefs. Mr. HunT has nearly ready for publi- eaticn the Wer of the Bridal Ring, an he- roic comic p em, in five cantos. The Rev. Eowarp Nares’s Bamp- ton Lectures, c ntaining a View of the Eviceaces of Chyiltianity, at the Clofe of what has been called the Age of Reafon, is neaily ready for publication. A new edition of Mr. Forster’s Ef- fays, with confderable alterations and ad- ditions, is int: preis. Dr. PiNcKARD’s Letters from the Weft Indies will be publifhed carly in the enfu- ing year. A Hiftory of Ireland, in two volumes Bvo., by the Rev. James Gorpon, au- thor of the Hiltory of the Late Rebellion in Ireland, will fhortly be publifhed. A Sec:nd ColleStion of Letters to a Young Clergyman, by the Rev. Joz Or- TON, isnearty ready for publication. ' ‘A new povular work, intitled Conver- fations on -Chemiltiy, in two volumes z2mo., with pates by Lowry, will be publihed in the courie of the prefent ‘month, A Secret Hiftory of the Court of St. Cloud, ina Series ot Letters trom a Gen- tleman at Paris toa Nobleman in London, will appear immediaiely. Mrs. Opiz’s Simple Tales are ina ftate of furwardnels, "Sir Davin Linpsay’s Works, by Georc: CHalmers, Eiq., will {peedily be publithed. ' Letters to a Young Lady, from the penof Mrs, West, will be publithed at Ciritimas. : Mr. Gkauame, author of The Sab- bath, a poem, has juft finifhed a new vo. Jume of Poems, which will {peedily be pub- lithed. . A new edition of ALsTon’s Hints on Land{cape Painting is in the prefs. At New-York, five Nombers have ap- ‘peared of an interefting mileellany, in- titled “ The Mathematical Correfpon- dent,’ publithed four times a year, ata quarter of 'a dollar each. It cannot but be a fubject of déep regret ‘ to every lover of natural, niftory to learn that the Leverian. Muafeum is at length about to be ciipoled ef. It will be fold by public auction in Moy 1806, unle!s it be ‘previoufly purchaled by private contraa, Literary and Philofopbical Intelligence. 453 The colleétiom contains upwards of thirty thoufand {pecimens, and was tormed at an expence of more than 40,000]. I: is ftrange, that, whilft every other Eu- ropean Government affords a Iib-ral protection to the fence of natural hif- tory, our own befitates to preferve fuch an invaluable coil-&tion. ' N, D.’Srarck, Eiq. of the royal navy, has invented an application compa{s for taking bearings on a chart. Thi- mfru- ment confiitts of an inner and outer brafs concentric circle, :he latter of which, when in ufe, is to be applied toa chart {> that its cardinal points may agree with thofe of the draft, and its central (metallic) point be directly over the fhip’s place. The jn. ner circle is to be {et to the variation ; and the thread from the center being laid, w:li thew either the bearings by compals, or true bearings, according to the circle upon which they are read. The inflru- me it may be applied to delineating, plots ting, and various other purpofes. ‘ Mr. Bartow, of Blackburn, Lanca- fhire, has-communicated to -the: public a {pecific remedy for the tinea capi. tis, which, in a great variety of calzs during the laft ten years, he has never known to fail of m:king a perfe&t cure.— Re Kai fulph. (recens preparat.) 3iij. Sapo alo. Hilp'n Siss. Aq. caleis Zvijss. Spt. vinos. rect. 3ij. ‘Fiat lotto protinea capitis. The head mutt be bathed with this lotion nizbt and morning, fuffering the paristo dry without inter:uption. Dr. Cummina, of His Majefty’s thip Pegafus, has pointed out an ea{y and ex- peditious method of making leeches bite, as it frequectly happens, that, our of a dezen leeches, not haif ‘of, them will take effeét. The op:raror is to tie up the end of one of his finge:s witha piece of thread or tape, and prick it wth a needle, and the blood thus drawn ts to be applied to the part which it is intended the leeches thou'd bite. Care muft be tiken that the part is previoully wathed with foap and water, and rewafhed with milk, A certain prevention for the cramp in the iegs is, when the fit is coming on,, to ftre'ch out the heel, and to draw up the toes towards the mitep as far as poffible.— The writer of this article was much trou. bied with the cramp in his legs at night, and for three years and upwards he has in hmielf and in. feveral triends’ never krown the remedy to fail. Care muft be taken to aét the inftant the fit is coming On. A very ftriking eafe of a core of achi'd 7 months cld, fealded by having a Kettle. full of boiling water overturned on him, by 454 by the application of the Spt. Terebinth externally, and of opium internally. The pain ceafed in half an hour, and in three weeks a perfect cure was effected. To _ prove the good effect of the ftimulant plan, this child took in four days fixty drops of tinét. opii, the fame quantity of Siquor volat. corn, cervi, and almoft a bottle of fherry ia whey. The. cafe is communicated by Dr. Kentiss, from Dr. FeLix, furgeon of His Majeity’s {hip San . Jofet. : The Kine of SwkpEN has eftablithed @ new military corps under the title of the Royal Geometrical Corps. Their buii- fine(s is to make all military furveys, and prepare charts and defcriptions of thei ; and to collect, arrange, and preferve, all documents relative to the military affairs of Sweden. ' M. DANKELMANN, a pupil of the Mi- neralogical Academy at Freyberg, whofe zeal for mineralogy induced him to accept an engagement in the fervice of the Eat Yndia Company, has returned to Weimar. He fet fail in Auguft 1802 from the ‘Fexel, in the {quadron commanded by Ad- miral Dekker, from which his fhip was fe- paraied in a ftorm and driven on the coaft ef Norway. With incredible difficulty he reached. Teneriffe, whence he fet out for Batavia, ‘and after a refidence of four months at that place he failed for theCape of Good Hope. The obje& of his expedition was tomake a mineralogical tour of the in- terior of the Dutch colonies, and particu- larly to examine the copper ores which they contain. The firft thing on which he purpofes to employ himfelt will be in drawing up a narrative of his voyage. The Royal Academy of the Fine Arts and Mechanical Arts of Berlin has re- ceived into the number of its members M. WEGENER, who has difcovered a new pro- cefs for printing geographical maps with moveable types at much lefs expence than by the ordinary method. A moft valuable colle&tion of Eaftern MSS., the property of Major OUSELEY, brother of Sir William Oufeley, was brought to England by the lait Bengal fleet. The number of Arabic, Perhan, and San(crit books, amounts to nearly fif- teen thoufand volumes. Befides thele there are vaft,colleStions of natural hiftory and mineralogy, and a great many botani- cal paintings executed in the moft accu- ratemanner. The quantity of additional curiofities and monuments is very great. There are many portfolios of immenfe fize, containing mythological paintings of great. antiquity, iplendidly illuminated, Literary and Philfephioal Intelligence. [Dec. 1, and colleéted from all parts of Hindoftan, from, Thibet,.Tartary, China, Ceylon, Ava; &c. To thefe are added feveral idols of itone, metal, wood, and other ma- terials. There is alfo a cabinet of the moft rare medals, gems, and other an- tiques. The treafure is ftill farther en- riched with a complete feries of the coins ftruck by Mahometan’ princes fince the reign of Timour, and with {pecimens of armour, horfe furniture, fwords, fpearsy bows and arrows, and all the weapons ufed in Perfia, India, and other countries of the Eaft. . The Major‘has alfo execut- ed, on the fpot, in various parts of India, original drawings. He has alfo brought home mufical inftruments, and feveral hundred tunes fet to mufic by himfelf, from the voice of Perfian, Cafhmerian, and Indian fingers, ‘The fituation of Ma- jor Oufeley, as Aid-de-Camp to the Na- bob of Oude, gave him great advantages for procuring fuch commodities ; and his acquifition’s, added to thofe of his brother, Sir W.Ouleley, who already poffeffes eight hundred Arabic, Perfian, and Turkifh MSS., will form amore {plendid collec- tion than any that is yet poffeffed in Eu-. rope. The fum already colle&ted in Germany for the erection of Luther’s Monument,to which we referred in a former Number, amounts to 15,510 rixdollars. Engravings of the different defigns which have been prefent- ed to the Society for this tribute of na- tional gratitude to the great emancipator of Chrifendom from {piritual bondage, will be publifhed, and circulated at a low price. The celebrity of this great refor- mer ftands little in need of fuch a monu- ment, but when it is ereéted as a tribute to his memory, it ought, by its magnifi- cence, to bear fome analogy to the great. nels of the benefits he conferred. M. Van Mons ftates, that if lead- afhes be diffolved in a fufficient quantity of dilute nitric acid, aflifted by a gentle heat, and the folution be filtered, and then precipitated by chalk brought to an impaipabie powder by levigation, the pre- cipitate, when wathed and dried, will be the pureft and moft beautiful cerufe pof fible. The following is the methed adopted in Paris of making balfamic and anti- putrid vinegar :—Take the beft white- wine vinegar, a handful of lavender, leaves and flowers, the fame quantity of face, leaves and flowers, hyflop, thyme, balm, favory ; a good handful of falt, and two heads of garlic ; infufe thefe in . the vinegar a fortnight or three bibs? t 1805. ] the longer the better ; and then it is found to bean excellent remedy for wounds, for fpafms and fuffocation. By rubbing the hands and temples with it, a perfon may £0 into foul air with great fafety. From various experiments made in Ger- many, it appears that the bark of that {pe- cies of the fervice-tree called by Linnzus forbus aucuparia, is well adapted to the tanning of leather, and that fix pounds of this bark, collected in autums,~ furnifhes as much tanning-matter as feven pounds of oak-bark ; and ardent f{pirit may be likewife collected from the ripe berries of this tree. Twelve pounds of berries yield two quarts of {pirit; the pulp, after diftillation, affords excellent nourifiment for cattle. As frequently toad ftools and other fpecies of the fungus kind are eaten for mufhrooms, a method of preventing the pernicious effets has been practifed in France, which is ftated to be an infallible remedy : —‘* Excite vomiting, employ laxatives and. clyfters, and after the firft évacuations adminifter a dram of fulphuric ether in a glafs of water of marfh-mal- lows. If the fymptoms are very alarm- ing, it may be neceffary to give a clylier made with a {trong decoétion of tobacco.” M. HermBsranrT, of Berlin, gives the following as a cheap method of obtaining the fugar of the beet-root :—Let the beet- roots be pounded in a mortar, and then fubjeéted to the prefs; the juice is next to be clarified with lime, like that of the fu- gar-cane, and then by evaporation bring it to the confiltence of fyrup. From 100 ibs of raw fugar thus obtained, 8o lbs. may Be had, by the firft refining, of well- cryftallized fugar, inferior neither in qua- lity nor whitenefs to that of the Welt- Indies. Two days are fufficient to com- plete the operation. Mr. Mackaqnocuiz, of Balypoor, near Calicut, propofes publifhing a large work on the Theory and Practice of Ma- val ArchiteSture; aifo Political and Com- mercial Striétures on the Comparative State of Naval ArchiteSture in Great Bri- tain and India; with a Plan for Improv. ing the Timber-Trade of India, fo as to obviate the increafing Scarcity in .En- gland, and render her Independent of the Northern-Nations of Europe for the Means of Supporting her Navy.”’ In New-York accurate editions of fe- veral of the beft claflics have lately ap- peared ; among thefe are Czfar’s Com- mentaries, Virgil's Works, the Orations of Cicero, Thefe have been edited by Mr, MaLcoms Campzett, In Phil- Literary and Philofophical Intelligence. < 4D adelphia, alfo, an edition of Virgil, Ca- far, and Salluft, have been lately publifa- ed; and, for the ufe of the lower forms in the fchools of the New Continent, edit tions of Corderius, Affop’s Fables, Era mus, and Seleéta e Profanis, ai'e announc- as nearly ready. The Medical Society of South Carolina has opened a fub{cription tor the purpofe of eftablifhing.a botanical garden in Charlefton, the abject of which is to cul- tivate plants ufeful in medicine, in order to enable the ftudent to become acquaint- ed with the growth and appearance of the medicine that he preferibes. Should the fub{cription be more than is neceflary for the maintenance of the garden, it is pro- pofed to commence a library containing the beft Treatifes on botany, natural hif- tory, and agriculture, A mechanic of Augfburg, named Heinke, has propofed to make known, in confideration of acertain {um of money, inventions tending to an object of no leis importance than to render abortive all mi- litary operations, if his machine be em- ployed. He offers to furoifh three ma- chines to be examined by a committee 5 thefe are; r. A felf-moving mechaniim, effentially neceflary to the modern military fyftem ; 2. A machine offenfive and de- fenfive, fufceptibe of many modifications ; and *. A military inftrument tobe ufed by water. He fates, that by thefe Ger- many would, ina period incredibly fhort, be placed in fuch a formidable ftate of de-— fence, that the united attacks of ali Eu- rope would not be able to. make -any im- preflion upon her. ConsTaNnTINOPLE. — The Granp SeIGNioR, according to feveral foreign journals, has f2nt to Prince Morwst the following Order, which furnifhes a very rematkable proof of the improvement of police, and of the attention 'a the feiences, the Turkifh Empire :—‘* Prince” Deme- trivus Mornfi: Hail to thy genius! I make known to thee, by this imperia} de- cree, that tt has long been my moft high will to put an end to the impudent mendi. city by which a fet of vazabond's are fo troublefome to the inhabitanis of my ea- pital. J have therefore judged it expedi- ent to place in the hofp'ta’s fuch as by chronic difeafes are obliged to beg ther bread ; but to fend back into their native country fuch as are found, and in good healih, aod are able to earn a fubfitence by the labour of their hands. I have accordingly ordered the patriarchs of the Greeks and Armenians te put this my high will and command in execution. - [ have 456 have likewife, at the requeft of the faid patriarchs, ordered the hofpitals in Gala- ta, Pera, in the Seven Towers, and on the © outlide of Narlikapi, to be reftored and repaired, Bur betore all itis nec ffary to obtain able phyficians, who are properly qualified to teach and praétife in thee hofpitals medicine and anatomy ; as the phyficians who come to my capital from Chriftendom, however perteétly they may have ftudied medicine at Halle, Padua, Montpelier, &c., very often commit great miltakes and errors, owing to the diffe- rence of temperamentsand climate. This truth is proved by experience ; and the wifeft authors and ableit phyficians admit it, being all convinced, that, to excel in this art,-one fhould ftudy and gather the neceflary experience in the place where it is to be praétifed. It is therefore evident that our Sublime Porte fhould ferioufly endeavour to irftitute fimilar univerfities : It would thereby facilitate the progrefs or improvement of medicine, and increafe the number of Jearned men in our dominions, whence the Mufulmans, as weil as foreiga nations, might derive great advantage.— Equaily neceflary is it to maintain a cor- re(pondence with the hofpital-phyficians in Chriftendom, and to inveftigate and corm- pare the mutual experience, and thereby extend the ftudy of medicine. In confi- deration, now, that thou, Prince Morufi, pofieffeft all the neceflary qualities, and wilt fpare neither pains nor labour if I commit to thee the inftituting and direét- ing. of fuch univerfities to form well-in- ftruéted men, I therefore nominate thee direétor of all thefe new inftitutions, and order, that thou communicate to me, what you think ufeful, and neceflary, as well with refpeét to the fchools of ma- thematics which thou haft already inflitut- ed at Conftantinople, and whofe progre(s has furpafled all expefation, as likewife for the good of the hofpitals and fchools which I have refolved to found. I order, likewife, that all thofe of thy na- tion whom thou fhalt nominate to waten over good order in the faid ettablifhments, fhall obey, without contradiction, thy com- mands and decifions.’’ Profeffur Juncius, of’ Berlin, under- took, on the 16th of September, an ztrial voyage. Hs balloon was centtructed in the thape of a {pheroid, of 10,724 Paris cubic feet, and weighing, when loaded, 390 Paris lbs. ; viz., the balloon = 78 lbs 3 the net = 39 los. 3; the gondola = 40 lbs; the refoaz5is.; the an- cher, with the ropes, &¢., = 20 lbs.; bal- 4 Literary and Philofiphica? Intelligence. [Dec. 15 laft = 62 Ibs. ; inftruments, 2 cloak, &c., = 30 Ibs.; the aéronaut = 106 lbs.— Immediately after twelve o'clock he sof= up into the air to a height which had not keen reached before. He wa: longeft vifible from the Royal Obiervacory, where the celebrated aftronomers and mathematicians Bude, Tralles, and Fil- fcber, were making obfervations with the in‘ruments there. The aéronaut feit in the higher regions a piercing cold; and difcovered, after hearing a'noife, a rent in the balloon about two feet long. He found the height of the baromerer betwixt 12 and 13 inches, and the therm meter indicated 5%. He fell afleep, without re- membering to have been affected with any previous drowfinefs ; and he believes he flept about half an hour. On waking he perceived that the balloon was defcend- ing, and, with the affiftance of a huntf- man and a peafant, he fafely reached the ground about halt palt one o'clock ; fo that the journey did not laft quite an hour andahalf. He calculates that the higheit elevation to which his balloon afcended was 20,242 Paris teet above the horizon of Berlin, As Berlin lies 123 Paris feet above the level of the fea, Mr. J., the firit German atronaut, reached a perpendicu- lar height of 20,365 Paris feet, having rifen 1045 Paris feet above Chimboraflo,® whofe height, according to Condamine, is 19,320 Paris feet above the level of the fea. : . PorTuGuEsE LITERATURE.—Of the books publifhed in Portugal during the prefent and laft year, the following are moft worthy of notice. — Grammatical works: ‘* Compendio de Grammatica Portugueza, Lifbon, 1804, 8vo,?” ** Dice cionario e Infirucgoes neceflarias para ler traducir o Frances,’ which is diftingyifh- ed by many ufetul improvements. All the French words which fo nearly refemble the co:refponding ones in the Portnguele that only a few letters require to be chang. ed, have been arranged in a table, which hkewife renders the declinations and con- jugations fuperfluous ; and the annexed Grammar contains every thing that is ne- ceffary for learning :o read and tranflate a French book, — Claffical Literature was enriched by.a new edition of ‘* Eutro- pius,” ex. rec H. Vinuneyx, — In the Theological Department only a few,Ca- techilms and books of devetiomw and edifte cation prefent thimlelves to our notice 5 fuch as ** Compendio Chriftao,’ $yo ; “* Hiftoria de Creacao de Mundo, par Dsas pE Sousa,” 8yo., &c.——On Ju- riftical riftical Sciences the following new works made their appearance: ** Meditagoes ci- vis fobre 4 intelligentia da lei do Papél Sellado de 27 Abril de 1802 ;”” ** Princi- pios do Direito mexcantil e Leis de Ma- rinba, par J. Da Siva, T. vi. ;” and *<-Manval Criminal alfahbetico.. — The imminent danger of the fpreading of the yellow fever, which had caufed fuch ra- vages in fome of ‘the neighbouring pro- vinces of Spain, naturally gave rife to fe- veral new works on this dreadful conta- gion. V. Axpiti gave a * Memoria fobre a febre amarella que tem reinado en Hefpanna e em Italia;*? Paris a ‘* Me- moria fobre a Pefte ; and an anonymous author ‘© Reflex ens fobre as febres con- tagiofas por Mar e fobre as quarentanos.” The tranflation of Dr. Jenners work, ** In- dagacgao fobre as Caulas e Effeitos dos Beaigas de Vacca,” bears. witnefs to the zeal forsthe propagation of the vaccine-in- oculation, which has been introduced by the Spanith and Portuguefe Governments inte their fe!pedctive colonies, Dr. Parva, who had before tranflated feveral of Plenk’s works, publithed extraéts from the fame writer, * Inftituticoes de Cirurgia theo- rica e pfatica extrahidos da Obras de Plenk, e accrefcentagas,’! 3 vols. 8vo. — ‘Rural Economy was taught in lfeveral works : Mora es publ.fhed a ‘* Compen- dio d’Agricul-ura,”’ in 5 vols. 4to ; of an older work, ** Thefauro de Layradores e€ nova Alveitaria dé Gado Vacum,”’ a new edition appeared; and likewife a Tranfla- tion, by Scapra, of ** Hiftoria e Cura das Moleftias internas do Bot, por Tag- gia.” L. A. pe Lerros gave a Tr GamBoa publifhed a Colleétion of Poems, ‘* Obras Poeticas,”” in 8 vols. — To the ftock of Novels, which is not yet very abundant in Portugal, the folowing were added : **O Novo Guliver,’’ 2 vols ; *‘ Hiforia galante do Joven Siciliano,*’ 2 vols.; * ViGtorina de Vaifli,” 2 vols. 8vo. ; and «© Memorias do Cavalleiro de Kilpar, por FierpinG.”’ We find no dramatic produc- ions announced ; but,on the other hand, a s¢ Hiftoria Critica do Theatro, per L. A. ARAnjo, Svo.’—We fhail now conclude this Sketch of Portugueze Literature with the Mifcellanies ; fucn as, “* Tardes di- vertidos y Converfagoes curiofas fobre as Hiftorias {acra, politica, natural e fabu- Jofa,"” 3 vols. 8vo. ; and ‘ Bib. Univer- fal,*? ten Numbers of which have already appeared. PeReEIRA has contributed to .the diffafion of ufeful knowledge by a . tranflation of Count Rumford’s Efiays, “« Enfayos politicos, ceconomicos e philo- foficos de Rumford ;” ‘only the firft part, however, has yet been announced. M. TieLKeEr, an artilt of Berlin, who is to accompany the Ruffian Emafy ta China, to exhibit to the Sovereign of that empire che Panorama of Peterfburg, pro- poles, as far as the ordinary diftruft of the Chinefe thall permit, to take views of the principal cities in that country, fo little known to Europeans, and particularly of Pekin, with a view to paint panoramas of them, for the purpofe of exhibition on his return in the European capitals, where it is expected they will vot fail to excite very great curiofity. A complete Defcription of the Anato- mical Cabinet of M. WaLTeER, purchafed _ about ayear ago by the Kino of Paus- sta, has appeared at Berlin. 4M List * a . { 453 ) [Dee. 1, NEW PUBLICATIONS IN NOVEMBER. | As the List of New Publications, contained in the Monthly Magazine, is the ONLY COMPLETE LISI’ PUBLISHED, and confequently the only one that can be ufeful to the Public for purpofes of general reference ; it is requested, that Authors and Publifbers will continue to communicate Notices of their Works (po paid), and they will always be faith/ully inferted FREE of EXPENCE. AGRICULTURE. A COMPENDIUM of Modern Hufbandry ; written principally during a Survey of the County ef Surrey, made at the Defire of the Board of Agriculture; illuftrative alfo of the beft PraGtices in Kent, Suflex, &c. By James Malcolm. With plates, &c. 2 map of Surrey, coloured fo as to point out the varia- tions of foil inthe different difiritis, 8vo. gvols. 1]. rés. ANTIQUITIES. A Hiftory of the College of Arms, and the Lives of all the Kings, Heralds, and Pourfuivants, from Richard If. the Founder. to the prefent Time. By the Rev. Mark Noble, F.S. A. 4to. al. ris. 6d. royal, 21, tas. 6d. ‘ BIOGRAPHY. . General Biography; or Lives of the moft eminent Perfons of » all Ages, Countries, Conditions, and Profeilions. By J. Aikin, M. D., Rey. Thomas Morgan, and Mr. Johniton, 4to. vol. V. al. 11s. 6d. Memoirs of the Life and Achievements of Lord Nelfon. By aCaptain in the Navy. 2s. 6d. The Life of Erafmus, with an Account of - his Writings. Reduced from the iarger Work of Jortin, By A. Laycey, Elq. 8vo. 8s. 6d. ; Biographia Scotica, or a Scottifh Biogra- phical DiQionary. By 1. Stark. With por- traits. | $s. The Female Revolutionary Plutarch, By ‘the Author of the Revolutionary Plutarch. mond. 12mo. 3 vols. 18s. CHEMISTRY. Effays, chiefly on chemical Subjects. By the late William Irvine, M.D. F.R.S. &c. and his Son, William Irvine, M.D. Evo. 95 DRAMA. A Prior Claim, a Comedy, in five Ads. By H. I. Pye, Efy. and S, 7. Arnold, Efq, 2s. 6d. : The Delinquent; or, Seeing Company, a Comedy, in five Adts. By Fy Reyaolds, Efq. 2s. 6d. Rugantino, or the Bravo of Venice, a Melo Drama. 25. The Theatrical Claffics, publifhed in monthly Numbers. Each Number contains 4 Piay and an Entertainment, and is embel- liflied with an elegant Scene from each Play, engraved by Cook, from a paiaténg by Drum- xs. pex Number. With portraits. ‘EDUCATION. A Grammar of the Greek Language on a new and improved Plan, in Englifh and Greek. By john Jones. 12mo0 6s. bds. - The Young Lady’s and Gentleman’s Atlas. By John Adams. Poft vo. gs bd. Theory and Pragtice, elucidated in a Se- ries of Dialogues from the moft approved Writers, and preceded by appropriate Rules for {peaking and writing French. By G, Saulez; 12mo. 2s. bd. MEDICINE, Obfervations on the Utility and Admini- ftration of purgative Medicines. By James Hanilton, M.D. 8vo. 6s. A Differtation on Ifchias, or the Difeafe of the Hip-Joint, commonly called a Hip- Cafe ; and on the Ufe of the Bath Waters as a Remedy in this Complaint. By William Falconer, M.D. F.R.S. 2s. Gd. The Cure of the Gout propofed on rational Principles. By James Parkinfon, 5s. 6d. Obfervations on the Change of Public Opinion in Religion, Politics, and Medicine. With a Plan for the Extirpation of Yellow Fever, Plague, &c. By John Miller, M. D. 4to. 2 vols. 31. 13s. 6d. Cow-Pox Inoculation no Security againit Smali-Pox Infection. By William Rowley, M.D. 2s, 6d. MILLTARY. The Cafe of T. Horfley, Efg. late a Cap- tain in the Horfe Guards Blue. 4s. Inftru@tions for Military Officers employed on or embarking for foreign Service. By a Field-Officer. 4s. MISCELLANIES. 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Galerie Politique, ou Tableau de la Poli- tique Etrangere, des Rapports diplomatiques de chaque Etat, des Traités, &c. 2 vols. 8vo. « | REVIEW ici eel ee 1805.] ( 461 ) REVIEW OF NEW MUSICAL PUBLICATIONS. ——Ee— Rugantino, or, the Bravo of Venice, a Grand Romantic Melo-Drama, as performing witb unbounded Applaufe at the Tbeatre-royal, Co- went-garden. Compifed by Dr. Bufby. 68. HE {cience, talte, and truly-claffical fiyle of the mufic of Rugazntino, has excited waive: 4] admiration at the theatre, and proves ca vally attractive in the elofet, The Overture confilts of three move- meats; the fit of which, bold and ovigi- nal in its {ubjest, and conduéted with un- common fpiric and animation, leads to a (weetly tender oboe ttrain, in the time of fix quavers, larghetto, which is relieved by a mot noble and ftriking burft of the whole band, that finely prepares the ear for the gay and {prightly ftyle of the concluding movement. Of the {cenic part of the com- pofition, the whole of which is adjufted with wonderful force and propriety of ef- fe& to the various emotions of the drama, the moft prominent parts are, perhaps, thofe in which Rofabella pafles to vifit Sr. Rofa’s fhrine, the burfing open of Memmo’s chamber door by Rugantino, the mid-day view of the palace gardens, Flodoardo’s return to Rofabella, and the conlultation of the con{pirators. The whole of the Ma/que is highly 2p- propriate and ftriking. Nothing can be more charatéteriftic than the ftrain imitative of the pipes of Pan, or the dance of Diana; more graceful and tender than the move- ment commencing the appearance of Ve- nus, or more grand and majeitic than that accompanying the deicent of Jupiter, Juno and their attendant gods and goddefles in their palace of Clouds. In the paflages given to the afcent of Pluto and Proferpine from the infernal regions, we find a pro- fundity and abftrulenefs of modulation, which only the truly great_matter could conceive, and the deviation from, and re- turn to the original key, is conducted with an addrefs confined to the learned few who polfefs the grand and rare fecret of chro- matic digreffion. Bland and Weller, the purchalers of the copy-right af this cele- brated piece, have adapted it to the Piano- forte, and brought it out ina correét aad handfome ftyle. Their liberality, we are glad to learn, has already been well remu- nerated by the very great demaid for the work, Favourite Air, ‘* For tendernefs form'd,” Arranged asa Glee for Three Voices Ff. Maz gingbi, 25, 6d. This Gice, which is published with am excellent and happily varied Accompani- ment for the Piano forte, is unelaborate and familiar in its conftruction ; and can- not, we think, fail to pleafe thofe vocal prattitioners who are partial to a {mooth, fimple flow of melody, familiarly harmo- nized, and calculated to move tne fenfibi- lity of the unlearned hearer. A Sonata for the Grand or fmall Piano: Forte, ebith Accompaniments for a German Flute and Tenor — Injeribed to Lord Miller, Muf. Doc. by Will. Howgill of Whitebaven. 35. “This Sonata comprizes three move- ments, the ftyles of which are attractive and confonant; many of the paffages are of a new calt, and diftinguifhed by their {pirit and clearnefs. The Accompaniments are arranged with confiderable fancy and judg- ment, and the combined effect does hovor to Mr. Howgill’s profeffional abilities. Three Sonatas for the Piano-Forte or Harp, inter- Sperfed with a variety of Englifh, Scotch and Trifh Airs, with an ‘Accompaniment for a Flute or Violin. Compsfed by F. took, Eq. 65. Thefe Sonatas, enlivened and variegated with the pleafing and,tatteful choice Mr. Hook has made from the favourite and po- pular airs of the united kingdoms, prefent to the Piano-lorte practitioner an attractive affemblage of well-connefted movements. The original mater happily combines with the adopted melodies ; and the gene- ral effect is {uch as, we doubt not, will be found to greatly iecommend the publica- tion. ¢ The Cambrian Lyrift 3 or, Morgan in London,” a New Song, written and compojed by Fobn Parry, MD.B. 1s. 6d. Mr. Parry, a native of North Wales, and the author of the popular air of Ap Shenkin, has, under the title of The Cambrian Ly- rift, produced a pleafing little national air. In the poetry, which is both pretty and charaéteriftic, the Lyriff tells us that he has lefe “* Dovey Plain,” and ‘* A maiden fair, {weet lovely Jane,” to fee ‘ great London, the King, St. Paul’s, Uncle Jones,” and ‘ the Prince of Wales,’ whom he withes to invite to ** the Banks of Dee,” where, ¢ <¢ Thoufands would, in ruftic lay, «« With rapture hail the happy day.” © My Mother,” a favourite Song. Compofed by rye Thomplon, of Neawcafile-upon-Tyne us, 6d. This melody, to which the anthor bas added an Agcompaniment for the Piano- forte 402 — forte, is highly commendable for its cha- raéteriftic fimplicity and juftnefs of ex- wreffion. The words, confilting of five verfes, are natural and affecting, and the burthen, ‘* My Morher,”’ is given with a pathos which dces much credit to Mr. ‘Thompfon’s power of infufing fentiment into found, and givirg to Poetry that aid for which the looks to her harmonious fifter, ° as her true and legitimate :efource. <4 New Trovp. Compofed far the Wifeech Vo- funteer Band, and [nfcribed to Lieut. Col. Ray- ner, by George Gueff. 25, 6d. ; This Troop is publithed in fcore, 2ecom- panied with an adapration for the Piano- forte. The ideas are bold and martial, and befpeak a talent greatly calculated for this fpecies of compoiition. “* Neoody coming to marry me,” a favourite Bal- lad, fung by Mrs. Jordan with unbounded Applaufe at the Theatre- Royal, Drury- Lane, Arranged with an Accon:paniment for the Piano- Sorte, by T. Cooke. 1s, This air, though a trifle, is fmooth and eafly in its (tyle, and,very well exprefles the fenfe of the words. The Accompaniment throughout 1s little more than a common- place arpegeza, but is at the fame tine not without the merit of according with the melody to which it is fubjoined. © Dearly I love ber,” a favourite Ballad, fung by Mr. Gray, at Vauxhal Gardens, Compa- Jed by WP. R. Cope. 15. 64. The melody of this little Ballad is fim- ple and engaging, and the bals is, in ge- neval, cho&n with aspropricty high!y cre- diiable to Mr. Cope’s jadgment and fcience; yet we mult be allowed to obferve that in ” Report of Difeafes. [Dec. a, the laft bar but one of the firft and conclu- ding fymphonies, we difcover the inadver- tence of two confecutive o€taves in the fame direétion, ; ‘¢ The Red Red Rofe,” arranged asa Glee for Four Voices, by Sir F. dl. Stevenfon, Muy. Doc. ‘25. This Glee is an harmonization of the melody of the admired Song of the fame title, compofed by LT. Thompfon. The combination of the feveral parts are highly creditable 10 Sir John Stevenfon's fcience and contrivance. “Fhe whole has the ad- vantages of being fo conitructed as to be ealy of performance and ftriking in its effek: two qualities which, we prefume, will pro, mote the reception of this interefling piece among glee parties. ‘ “ Fhe Brightor Waltz.” Compofed and are ranged as a Rondo, by 8. Hale: is This Rondo is fo pleafingly arranged, and fo familiar in the general confraction of its paflages, that we venture littie in pre- diéting its favourable reception with young Piano-forte ftudents, by whom it will be found as improving to the finger, 2s it is engaging to the ear. A Ruffian Quick-Step. Compofed and arranged _ as a Rondo for thé Piano-forte, with or with- out the Additional ‘Keys, by William Slappe Is. : This is an agreeable Rondo, both with ref{pe€t to its fubject and its digrefiive mat- ter. The paflages are of a calt to improve the execution of the juvenile practitioner, and to favor an eafy and natural method of fingering. | : REPORT: or DISEASES, ; Ia the public and private Practice of one of the Phyficians of the Finfoury Difpenfary. From the 20th af Ogtober to the 20th of November. — DIARRHGA fe Oh Ee | Yl eee 15’. Rheamatifrust 2 Sek sae g Wyienfetase Se own « cutick = 2 Podagrane? Woe¢ hae | ae eae I Dyyapetaan gs 2a ee Seo ekO Apuplexia Sur eye ss, le) hae ey. ea bi Sie 2 i ain oe Oe ei By JByfertac hye ate ee oe ts i wciae Eee BIN ONORSETAG ene SEB one ot ete Bion ene 7 Ephemera Fe Re RANMA oy 94 2 ae 7 Dyipoca ys oe es een We mee age Scarlarmarpete rea es eee ee “5 slap sceay bea cea AER eG SON paid Coughs, and derangements of the in- CBP EPs tinea seeraer a 3 teltinal canal, are the never-failing epi- Menorrbagia. 2. 22222 cde 52 2 4 en ‘ah RO ent Pa RY ER PS OR z demits of this particular feafon of the pilepfia -... Bis 1 Se ee eee ae ere ARE Peres Se 1 cate hen CUtanel) ,<. jee oe eke aii =e 8 In the hifory, and within the precingts . Morb. jutantiles on ua- bevels at a 13 of the reporter’s obfervation, they have Cerarr nis O82. COME SS RIG: AS. 18 never occurred fo frequently ; and what is Phenis pulmonatis ...- 22. eee eae 9 worthy of remark, they have for the moft part 1805.] part been accompanied by a pyrexial ftate, which, although not either in its effence - or cause exaétly the fame as Typhus, has 2pproximated to the typhoid countenance and character, and, of courfe, appeared to indicate a method of treatment confi- derably analogous to that which is re- quired in the management of the latter difeafe, Oppreffion of bodily ftrength and of mental power have, for fome weeks paft, fhewn themfelves the prominent and nearly univerfal features of morbid affection. The air, more efpecially in London and in November, has an apparent and important influence upon the faculties and feelings of our frame, The mufcles are relaxed, the nerves, to make ufe of an intelligible phrafe, although it is founded upon a falle phyfiolegy, are unflrung, ard the fpirits in a greater cr lefsdcgree depreff- ed, according to the varied proportion of individual fufceptibility to be acted upon by phyfical and exterior caufes. Our bo- dies are confantly immerfed in a bath of ** yolatilé corruption,” the obnoxious in- fluence of which muft efpecially be’ex- perienced by valetudinarian, or other per- ‘fons, who, after feafting during the fum- mer and autumnal. months upon the en-- livening Juxury of marine or rural oxygen, have recently returned to inhale, and be enveloped by, the unwholefome and op- preflive miafmata of the metropolis. Scatlet fever has been of frequent oc- eurrence; a difeafe once extremely for- midable, but which has become much le{s fo, in confequcnce of modern amelioration in the theory and practice of medicine. be cold, or ra:her tepid ablation, which latter, whilft perhaps attended wich nearly all the advantages, is not accom- panied with fome cf the rifks and incon- Veniences that are apt to enfue from the form in the evening, on the heights near Ulm, where the Auftrian army marched pat him. The French army were pofted on the heights. The Emperor, furrounded by his hfe-guards, fent for the Auftrian Generals, and kept them with him until their troops had filed off. He treated them with the utmott diftinttivn, There _ 3N2 werk 468 were prefent, befides the General in Chief, Mack, eight Generals, and feven Lieu- tenant Generals. Thus ended the firft part of the cam- paign in Germany. On the 24th of Sep- tember Bonaparte had not left his capital, and on the zoth of Oétober, a period of only twenty-fix days, he could boaft of having taken 60,000 prifoners and up- wards, with comparatively but a {mall lofs of men and other refources. In his addrefs to his foldiers he fays, ** I had announced to you a great battle; but, thanks to the 1il-contrived plans of the enemy, I have been able to obtain the gteateft fuccefles without running any yifk ; and what is vnexampled in the hif- tory of nations, fo great a refult has not weakened us above 1500 men, The campaign in Italy, up to our laft accounts (Nev. 23), though not of fo difaftrous a nature as that of Germany, has been unfortunate'to the caufe of the allied powers. On the 18th of Oftober, at four o’clotk in the morning, General Maflena attacked the bridge of the Old Caftle of Verona, and pafled the Adige : he had affembled his army at Zevis and its environs, fo as to be able to repair to any quarter that circumftances fhould de- mand. The wall which blocked up the bridge in the middle was battered down, and though the paflage was obftinately defended by the Auttrians, they were finally beaten off with great flaughter, and with the lofs of feveral pieces of can- non, and many men. This action was fucceeded by others not more propitious to the caufe of the allies, . The French account of the battle on the goth of Octo- ber, though perhaps not implicitly to be relied on, we fhall give in their own words, ‘ Head-Quarters at Vago, Oct. 30. ** After the action of the 29th, the army took a pofition two miles on this fide of Cal- diero. Onthe goth it attacked the enemy the whole length of their line. The divifion of Moltier, forming the left, began the action ; that of General Gardanne attacked the centre, and that of General Duhefme the right. Thefe different attacks were well executed, and happily conduéted. The vil- lage of Caldiero was carried amidft cries of “Long live the Emperor,’ and the enemy was purfued to the very heights. ‘* Athalf paft four Prince Charles ordered his referve, confifting of twenty-four batta- lions of grenadiers and feveral regiments, to advance. The battle then became more ge- neral. The troops of his Majefty difplayed their ufual bravery. The cavalry made fe- veral fuccefsful charges ; fome battalions of State of Public Affairs in November, 1805. [Dec. 1 3 grenadiers engaged at the fame time, and the bayonet decided the fate of the day. The enemy kept upa fire from thirty pieces of cannon planted in their entrenchments, Not- withftanding the obftinacy of their refiftance, they were beaten and purfued to the very redoubts at the other fide of Caldiero. ** We have taken 3500 prifoners ; the field of battle was ftrewed with Auftrians ; their lofs in killed and wounded was at leaft equal to the number that were taken pri- foners. Prince Charles requefted a truce to bury the dead.” On the 2d of November, Montebello, another Auftrian citadel, furrendered by capitulation to the French arms under General Solignac, The. Emperor of Germany could not but be fenfibly affeéted at fo much afflist- ing intelligence. His mind, however, did not bend under the weight of calamity. Though depreffed by the misfortunes which attended his armies, he does not feem to defpair of the goodnefs of his caufe, nor of the means which he pol- felles to render it finally vi&torious : as is evident from the excellent State Paper, which he caufed to be circulated threugh- out Europe. Proclamation of the Emperor of Auftria, Francis IT. Elective Emperor of the Romans, Here- ditary Emperor of ny Ke &e. ‘© The Emperor of France has compelled me to take up arms. ‘* To his ardent defire of military achieve- ments—~his paflion to be recorded in hiftory under the title of a conqueror—the limits of France, already fo much enlarged, and de- fined by facred treaties, ftill appear too narrow. —He withes to unite in his own hands all the ties upon which depends the balance of Europe. The faireft fruits of exalted civiliz- ation, every fpecies of happinefs which) 2 nation can enjoy, and which refults from peace and concord; every thing which, even by himfelf, as the fovereign of a great ci- vilized people, muft be held dear and inefti- mable, is to be deftroyed by a war of con- queft; and thus the greater part of Europe is to be compelled to fubmit to the laws and mandates of France, ‘6 This projeét announces all that the Em- peror of France has performed, threatened, or promifed. He refpeéts no propofition which reminds him of the regard prefcribed by the law of nations, to the facrednefs of treaties, and of the firft obligations which are due towards the foreign independent ftates; At the very time that he knew of the me- diation of Ruffia, and of every ftep which, dire€&ted equally by a regard to my ‘own Wig-’ nity, and to the feeling of my heart, f adopted, for the re-eftablifhment of tranquil- lity, the fecurity of my ftates, and the pro- motion of a geagsal peace, his views as uly 1805.] fully difclofed, and no choice was left be- tween war, and unarmed abje@ fubmiflion ! €€ Under thefe circumftances, I took hold of the hand which the Emperor of Roffia, animated by the nobleft feeling in behalf of the caufe of juftice and independence, ftretch- ed forth to fupport me, Far from attacking the throne of the Emperor of France, and Keeping fteadily in view the prefervation of peace, which we fo publicly and fincerely ftated to be our only with, we declared in the prefence of all Europe, § that we would, in no event, interfere in the internal con- cerns of France, nor make any alteration in the new conftitution which Germany received after the peace of Luneville.? Peace and in- dependence were the only objeéts which we wifhed to attain; no ambitious views, no in- tention, fuch as that fince afcribed to me, of Tubjugating Bavaria, had any fhare in our councils. ‘© But the fovereign ef France. totally re- gardlefs of the general tranquillity, liftened not to thefe overtures.—-Wholly abforbed in himfelf, and occupied only with the difplay of his own greatnefs and omnipotence, he collef&ted all his force—compelled Holland and the Eleétor of Baden to join him—whil{t his fecret ally, the Elector Palatine, falfe to his facred promife, voluntarily delivered him- felf up tohim; violated, in the moft infult- ing manner, the neutrality of the King of Pruffia, at the very moment when he had given the most folemn promifes to refpect it ; and by thefe violent proceedings he fucceeded in furrounding and cutting off a part of the troops which I had ordered to take a pofition on the Danube and the Iller, and finally, in ompelling them to furrender, after a brave refiftance. ‘* A proclamation no lefs furious than any to which the dreadful period of the French revolution gave birth, was iffued, morder to animate the French army to the higheft . pitch of courage. «6 Let the intoxication of fuccefs, or the unhallowed and iniquitous fpirit of revenge, aétuate the foe ; calm and firm I ftand in the midft of twenty-five millions of people, who are dear to my heart, andto my family. I have a claim upon their love, for I defire their happinefs. I have a claim upon their affittance ; for whatever they venture for the throne, they venture for themfelves, their own families, their pofterity, their own hap- pinefs and tranquillity, and for the.preferve ation of ali that is facred and dear to them. <¢ With fortitude the Auftrian monarchy arofe from every ftorm which menaced it during the preceding centuries. Its intrinfic vigour is ftill undecayed, ‘here ftill exifts in the breafts of thofe good and loyal men, for whofe profperity and tranquillity I com- bat, that antient patriotic fpirit, which is ready to make every facrifice, and to dare every thing, to faye what myft be faveden State of Public Affairs in November, 1805. 463) their throne and their independence, and the national honour and the national profperity. ‘¢ From this fpirit of patriotifm on the part of my fubje4ts, I expect, with a proud and tranquil confidence, every thing that is great and good ; but above all things, unani- mity, and aquick, firm, and courageous co- operation in every meafure that fhall be ordered, to keep the rapid ftrides of the enemy off from our frontier, until thofe nu- merous and powerful auxiliaries can act, which my exalted ally, the Emperor of Roffia, and other powers, have deftined to combat for the liberties of Europe,,and the focurity of thrones and nations. Succefs will not forfake a juft caufe for ever; and the unanimity of the Sovereigns, the proud manly courage, and the confcious frength of their people, will foon obliterate the firft difafters. Peace will flourifh again ; and in my love, my gratitude, and their own profperity, my faithful fubjects will find a full compenfation for every facrifice which I am obliged to re- quire for their owa prefervatior. In the name, and at the exprefs command of the Emperor and King, Francis Count Saugauy.” Vienna, Oct, 28. 1805. There is only one other fubje& con- nected with the ftate of the Continent that requites our notice. The King of Proffia at fir appeared to wifh to maintain a ftrict neutrality. In fome refpetis therights of a neutral nation were violated by both the contending powers; and circumftances have led us to expect that he would ere this have declared for the Allies. His Manifefto, dated the 14th of October, was fpirited and maniy ; and he has fince en- deavoured to mediate with the Emperor of France. The refult of the miffion under- taken by Count Haugwitz is not at-pre- fent known in this country. From the Continent we turn with plea- fure and exultation to the Victory gained by our own Fleet over the Combined Fleets of France and Spain. It may be a confolation to the enemy, that, with the almoft total annihilation of their thips, we have to mourn over the bofs of a Nelfon, the pride and honour of his country. We cannot fo well defcribe this event as by inferting Admiral Collingwood’s own ac- count, from the London Gazette, No- vember 6 : Admiralty-Offce, Nov. 6. Difpatches, of which the following are Ca- pies, were received at the Admiralty this day, at one o'clock A. M, from Vice- Admiral Collingwood, Commander - in- Chief of His Majefty’s thips and veffels off Cadiz ; Euryalus, , 470 Euryalus, off Cape Trafalgar, Srr, 0G. 22, 1805. The ever-to-be-lamented death of Vice- Admiral \Lord-Vifcount Nelfon, who, in the late conflict with the enemy, fell in the hour of vigtory, leaves to me the duty of inform- ing my Lords Commiffioners of the Admiral- ty, thaton the 19th inftant it was communi- cated to the Commander-in-Chief, from the fhips watching the motions of the enemy in , Cadiz, that the Combined Fleet had put to fea. As they failed with light winds wef- erly, his Lordfhip concluded their deftination was the’ Mediterranean, and immediately made all fail for the Streights entrance with the Britifh Squadron, confitting of twenty- feven thips, three of them fixty-fours, where his Lordship was informed by Captain Black- wood (whofe vigilance in watching, and giv- ing noticé of the enemy’s movements; has been highly meritorious) that they had not yet pafled the Sireights. On Monday the 21ft inftant, at day-light, when Cape Jrrafalgar bore eaft by fouth about feven leagues, the enemy was difcover- ed fix or f-ven miles to the eaftward, the wind about wef, and very light. The Comman- der-in-Chief immediately made the fignal for the fleet to dear up in two columns, as they formed in order of failing,—-a mode of attack his Lordthip had previoufly direéted, to avoid the inconvenience and delay in forming a line of battle in the ufual manner, ‘The enemy’s line confifted of thirty-three fhips (of which éighteen were French and fifteen Spanifh), commanded in Chier by Admiral Villeneuve ; the Spaniards, under the dire€tion of Gravina, wore, with their heads to the northward, and formed their line of battle with great clofenefs and correétnefs ; but as the mole of attack was unufaal, fo the ftruGture of their line was new ; it formed a crefcent conyex- ing to leeward ; fo that, in leading down to their centre, I had both their van and rear abaft the beam. Before the fire opened, every alternate thip was about a cable’s length to windward of her fecond a-head and a-ftern, forming a kind of double line, and appeared, when on their beam, to leave a very little in- terval between them, and this without crewding their fhips. Admiral Villeneuve wes in the Bucentaufe in the centre, and the Prince of Afturias bore Gravina’s leg in the rear 5 but the French and Spanifh thips were mixed without any apparent regard to order of national fquadrop. As the mode of our attack had been pre- vioufly determined on, and communicated to the Flag-Officers and Captains, few fignals were neceflary, ‘and none were made, except to direct clofe order as the lines bore down. ‘The Commander-in-Chief, in the Victory, led the weather-column, and the Royal So- vereign, which bore my flag, the lee. The action began at twelve o’clock, by State of Public Affairs in November, 1805. “their guris. [Dec. ¥; the leading fhips of the columns breaking through the enemy’s line, the Commander-— in-Chief about the tenth fhip from the van, the fecond in command about the twelfth” from the-rear, leaving the van of the enemy unoccupied ; the fucceeding fhips breaking through in ali parts aftern cf their leaders, and engaging. the enemy at the muzzles of The conflié was fevere: the . enemy’s fhips were fought with a® gallantry highly honourable to their officers: but the attack on them was irrefiftible, and it pleafed the Almighty Difpofer of all events to grant His Majefty’s arms a complete and glorious vitory. About three P. M. many of the enemy’s fhips having ftruck their colours, - their line gave way. Admiral Gravina with ten thips, joining their frigates to leeward, ftood towards Cadiz. The five headmoft thips in their van tacked, and, ftanding to the fouthward, to windward of the Britith line, were engaged, and the fternmoft of them talten: the others went off, leaving to His Majefty’s {quadron nineteen ‘hips of the iine, of which two are firft-rates, the Santifima, Trinidada ana the Santa Anna, with three flag officers,’ viz., Admiral Villeneuve, the commander-in-chief, Don Ignatio Maria D’Aliva, vice-admiral, and the Spanith rear- admiral Don Balthazar Hidalgo Cifneros. After fuch a viG@ory it may appear unne- ceflary to enter into encomiums on the partie cular parts taken by the feveral Command. ers 5 the conclufion fays more on the fubje& than I have language to exprefs ; the fpirit which animated all was the fame’: when all exert themfelves zealouofly in their country’s fervice, all deferve that their high merite fhould ftand recorded ; and never was high merit more confpicuous than in the battle I have defcribed. . ; The Achille, a French 74, after having furrendered, by fome mifmanagement of the Frenchmen, took fire and blew up.— Two hundred of her men were faved by the’ tenders. A circumftance occurred during the ac- tion, which fo ftrongly marks the invin- cible fpirit of Britifa feamen, when engag- ing the enemies of their country, that £ canuot refift the pleafure I have in making it known to their Lordfhips :—-The Teme- raire was boarded, by accident or defign, by a French fhip on one fide and a Spaniard ‘on the other ; the conteft was vigorous, but, in the end, the combined enfigns were torn from the poop, and the Britifh hoifted in their places. Such a battle could not be fought -with- out fuftaining a great lofs of men. I have not only to lament, in common with the Britith navy and the Britifh, nation, in the fall of the Commander-in-Chief, the ‘ofs of a hero, whofe name will be immortal, and his memory ever dear to his country 5 . but 5 18059. |= but my heart is rent with the moft poignant grief for the death of a friend, to whom, by many years intimacy, anda perfe® knowledge of the virtues of his mind, which infpired ideas fuperior to the sommon race of men, I was bound by the ‘ftrongeft ties of affe€tion;.a grief to which even the glorious occafion in which he fell, does not bring the confo- lation which perhaps it ought, -His Lord- fhip received a mufket-ball in his left breaft, about the middle of the aétion, and fent an officer to me immediately with his laft fare- wel ; and foon after expired.” T have alfo.to lament the lofs of thofe ex- cellent officers, Captains Duff, of the Mars, and Cooke, of the Bellerophon. I have yet heard of none others. I fear the numbers that have fallen will be found yery great, when the returns come to me; but it having blown a gale of wind ever fince the aétion, 1 have not yet had it in my power to colle& any reports from the fhips. The Royal Sovereign having loft her mafts, except the tottering foremaft, Icalled the Eu- ryalus to me, while the ation continued, which fhipelying within hail, made my fig- nals, a fervice Captain Blackwood performed with great aftention. After the aétion I Shifted my flag to her, that I might more eafily communicate my orders to, and collea, the thips, and towed the Royal Sovereign out to feaward. The whole fleet were now ina very perilous fituation ; many difmalted, all fhattered, in thirteen fathom water, off the thoals of Trafalgar ; and when I made the fignal to prepare to.anchor, few of the fhips hud an anchor to let go, their cables being fhot ; but the fame good Providence which aided us through fuch a day, preferved us in the night, by the wind fhifting a few points, and drifting the thips off the land, except four of the captured difmatted thips, which are now at anchor off Trafalgar, and [ hope will ride fafe until thefe gales are over. Having thus detailed the proceedings of the fleet on this occafion, I beg leave to congra- tulate their Lordfhips ona vi€tory which I hope will add a ray to the glory of His Ma- jefty’s Crown, and be attended with public benefit to our Country. Iam, &c. (Signed) C. Cortincwoop. William Marfden, Ef. ; Euryalus, off Cadiz, $iz, OF. 245 1895. In my letter of the 22d inftant I detailed to you, for the information of my Lords Commiffioners of the Admiralty, the proceed- ngs Of His Majefty’s Squadron on the day of thie a€tion, and that preceding it; fince which i have had a continued feries of misfortunes, but they are of a kind that human prudénce could not poflibly provide againit, or my {kill preyent. Siate of Public Affairs in November, 1805. 471 On the 22d, in the morning, a ftron foutherly wind blew, with fqually weather, which, however, did not prevent the aGtivity of the officers and feamen of fuch fhips as were manageable from getting hold of many of the ‘prizes (thirteen or fourteen), and towing them off to the weftward, where I ordered them to rendezvous round the Royal Sove- reign, in tow by the Neptune 3 but on the 23d the gale increafed, and the fea ran fo high, that many of them broke the tow-rope, and drifted far to leeward before they were got hold of again ; and fome of them, taking ad- vantage in the dark and boifterous night, go before the wind, and have perhaps drifted up- on the fhore and funk. On the afternoon of that day the remnant of the Combined Fleet, ten, fail of fhips, which had not been much engaged, ftood up to leeward of my fhattered and ftraggled charge, as if meaning to attacle them, which obliged me to colleét a force out of the leat injured fhips, and form to leeward for their defence. All this retarded the progrefs of the hulks ; and the bad wea- ther continuing, determined me to deftroy all the leewardmoft that could be cleared of the men, confidering the keeping poffeffion of the fhips was a matter of little confequence com- pared with the chance of their falling again into the hands of the enemy ; but €ven this was an arduous tafk in the high fea which wasrunning. I hope, however, it has been accomplifhed to a confiderable extent: I en=- trufted it to fkilful officers, who would fpare no pains to execute what was poffible. ‘The Captains of the Prince and Neptune cleared the Trinidad and funk her. Captains Hope, Bayntun, and Malcolm, who joined the fleet this moment from Gibraltar, had the charge of deftroying four others. ~The Santa Anna, I have no doubt, is funk, as her fide was al- moft beat in ; and fuch is the fhattered con- dition of the whole of them, that, unlefs the weather moderates, I doubt whether 1 ‘hall be able to carry a fhip of them into port, I hope their Lordfhips will approve of what I (having only in confideration the deftruétion of the enemy’s fleet) have thought a meafure’ of abfolute neceffity. \ I have taken Admiral Villeneuve into this fhip. Vice-Admiral Don Aliva is dead — Whenever the temper of the weather will permit, and I can Fate a frigate (for there swere only four in the action with the fleet, Euryalus, Syrius, Phebe, and Naiad : the Melpomene joined the 22d, and the Euridice and Scout the 23d), J thall colle& the other flag-officers, and fend them to England, with their flags (if they do not all go to the bote tom), to be laid at His Majeity’s feet. There were four thoufand troops embark. ed, under the command of General Contamin, who was taken with Admiral Villeneuve in the Bucentaure. Iam, &c. ; (Signed) C. CoLLinGwoop. William Marfden, Ejq. ; vy ~ The 472 The fuccefs of our Navy in this aétion was moft complete. It is, indeed, much tobe regretted, that, owing to the fhatter- ed ftate of the nineteen fhips that ftruck to our failors, and to the violence of the weather, four only of all the number could be carried fafely into harbour. The Ad- miral, however, caufed the reft to be de- ftroyed. ‘To the enemy, therefore, the Jofs is complete ; though the gain to our- felves was le{s than might have been hoped for. In a fubfequent letter from Admiral Collingwood, he writes, ¢* I find, that, on the return of Gravina to Cadiz, he was immediately ordered to fea again, and came out, which made it neceflary for me to form a line, to cover the difabled hulls, That night it blew hard, and his fhip, the Prince of Afturias, was difmafted, and re- turned into port. The Rayo was alfo dif- matted, and fell intoour hands.” *- Another Extraordinary Gazette, on the x1th of November, announced the capture of four men of war by the Fleet under the command of Sir Richard John Strachan, Bart. : f Sir, Cafar, Nov. 7, 1805. The accompanying copy of a letter, ad- drefled to the Hon. Admiral Cornwallis, I requeft you will be pleafed to lay before the Lords Commiffioners of the Admiralty, with my apology for the hafty manner in which it is written. J have the honcur tobe, &c. R, J. STRACHAN. William Marfden, Ejq. Cafar, Weft of Rockfort, 264 Milas, Sir, Nov. 4, 1805. Wind S. E. Being off Ferrol, working to the weftward, with the wind wefterly, on the evening of the 2d, we obferved a frigate in the north-weft, making fignals 3 made all fail tojoin her be- fore night, and, followed by the thips named in the margin,* we came up with her at rr at night; and at the moment fhe jo'ned us we faw fix large fhips near us. Captain Baker informed me he had been chaced by the Rochefort fquadron, then clofe to leeward of us. Wewere delighted. I defired him to tell the Captains of the fhips of the line aftern to follow me, as I meant to engage them diretly ; and immediately bore away in the Czfar for the purpofe, making all the fienals I could, to indicate our movements to * Cexfar, Hero, Courageux, and Namur. —Bellona, /Eolus, Santa Margaritta, far to leeward inthe fouth eaft. State of Public Affairs in November, 1805. [Dec. 1, the fhips) The Moon enabled us to fee the enemy bear away in a line abreaft, clofely formed 5 but we loft fight of them when it fet, and I was obliged to reduce our fails, the Hero, Courageux, and /Zolus, being the only thips we could fee. We continued fteering to the E.N.E, all night, and in the morning obferved the Santa Margarita near us. At, nine we difcovered the enemy, of four fail of the line, in the N.E,, under all fail. We had alfo every thing fet, and came up with them faft. In the evening we obferved three fail aftern; and the Phenix {poke me at night. I found that adétive officer Captain Baker had delivered my orders, and I fent him on to affift the Santa Margarita in lead- ing us up tothe enemy. At day-light we were near them; and the Santa Margarita had begun ina very gallant manner to fire upon their rear, and was foon joined by the Phenix. ; A little before noon the French, finding an aétion anavewable, began to take in their {mall fails, and form ina line, bearing on the ftarboard-tack. We did the fame; and I communicated my intentions, by hailing, to the Captains, ** ‘That I fhould attack the centre and rear,” and at noon began the battle. Ina fhort time the van thip of the enemy tacked, which almoft dire&tly made the ation clofe and general. The Naraur joined foon after we tacked, which we did as foon as we could get the fhips round, and I dire&ted her by fignal to engage the van, At half paf three the aétion ceafed, the enemy having fought to admiration, and not furrene dering till their fhips were unmanageable. J lave returned thanks to the Captains of the fhips of the line and frigates ; and they fpeak' in high terms of approbation of their refpective officers and fhips’ comspanies. If - any thing could add to the good opinion I had already formed of the officers and crew of the Cefar, it is their gallant conduét in this day’s battle. The enemy have fuffered much ; but ourfhips not more than is to be expeéted onthefe occafions. You may judge of my furprife, Sir, when I found the’ thips we had taken were not the Rochefort fquadron, but fronj Cadiz. I have the honour to be, &c. R. J.STRACHAN. Hon. William Cornwallis, Adiniral of the White, and Commander in Chief, Ge, Ge., Te. EAST INDIES. Since our lat the interefting and im- portant intelligence has been received from the Marquis of Wrellefley, that peace has been perfeetly reftored to our poffeflions in Incia. ; , N. B. We have, in the prefent Number, infirted a Map of the Seat of W. ar in Ger- many; which, in connedion with the Maps which we inferted in our Publication of uly 1756, and of May 1799, will complete a View of the Countries likely to be the Seat of War between France and the Continental Powers. INCIDENTS, 1805.] ih, ABs) INCIDENTS, MARRIAGES anp DEATHS rn anp NEAR LONDON. With Biographical Memoirs of diftinguifted CharaGers recently deceased. aE "THE Rotunda at Ranetagh Gardens, once the fcene of elegance and fathion, after hav- ing experienced, for fome years, the fad vicif- fitudes of fortune, is deftined to come under the hammer of the auétioneer. This fpot, fo long confecrated to the votaries of pleafure, will probably ere long be covered with the little country houfes of London tradefmen or the workfhops of manufaéturers. The king’s library in the queen’s houfe, St. James’s Park, under the management of Mr. Barnard, has been completely taken to Pieces, and only the bare walls remain. The €xtenfive colleétion of books has been gacked up ready for conveyance to Windfor, to which they are carried in waggons faft as the library in Windfor Caftle is ready to receive them.— A fmall library in the queen’s houfe is fitting up in a modern fiyle for his Majefty. The Grand Jun@tion Canal is completed, and goods are now conveyed from London to Worcefter, &c, in the courfe of eight or ten days at fartheft, and very commonly in lefs time. This grand national obje& being ob- tained, forms a perfect inland navigation from London dire&t to Manchetter and Liver- -pool, without being liable to the interruptions and uncertainty of thofe delays that are un- avoidable by the frequent unloading of vef- fels, whereby the goods muft inevitably re- ceive confiderable damage. MARRIED. Sir Robert Peele, bart. to Mifs Clerke, fifter of Sir Wm. C. bart, of Bury, Lanca-_ hhire. At Hackney, Mr. John Stockdale, to Mifs Ann Cafilehow, daughter of Thomas C. efq. of Watermelock, Cumberland. At St. jJames’s, J. R. Gregg Hoppwood, efq. of Hoppwood Hall, Lancafhire, to Mifs Byng, one of her Majefty’s maids of honour, daughter of the Hon. John Byng, and niece of Vifcount Torrington. Mr, Sharpe, bookfeller, Piccadilly, to Mifs Sufan Bellen, fecond daughter cf Al- derman B. of Barnwell Abbey, near Cam- bridge. C. V. Hunter, efq. of Lincoln’s-inn, to Mifs Fotheringham, only daughter of the late John F. efq. of Holbeach, Lincolnhhire. At Tottenham, William Pulsford, ef, of Hackney, to Mifs Hobion, daughter of William H. efq. of Markfield, Tottenham. Dr. Hutchinfon, of Hatton-itreet, to Mifs Anne Parker, of Ham, near Richmond, daughter of the late Admiral Sir Wm, P. At the houfe of the Earl of Weitmoreland, in Berkeley-fquare, Lord Vifcount Dun- cannon, fon of the Earl of Befborough, to Lady Maria Fane, third daughter of the Earl of W. : _ At Hackney church, Mr. John Birch, corporal of the Yagers, attached to the 6th Montury Mac, No, 136, regiment of Loyal London Volunteers, to Mifs Sufannah Brannis, only daughter of Mr. B. Shoe-maker-row,-Black Friars. Tfaac Haywood, efq. captain in the South Glocefter militia, to Mrs. Wilton André, late of Surinam. Lieutenant Colong] Cumming, of the 11th light dragoons, to Mifs Lautour, daughter of Francis L, efq. of Devonfhire-place, William Walker, efq. of Brunfwick- f{quare, to Mifs Sleigh, daughter of the late Wm. S. efg. of Whitehall. John Simons, efq. of the Eaft India Comes pany’s Madras eftablifhment, to Mrs. Reid, of Blackheath. ° Mr. Jofeph Eade of Hitchin, to Mifs Eliza Vaux, daughter of the late Edw. V. efq. of Auftin Friars. 2 H. D. Erikine, efq. to Milfs M. A, Cooke ey. Abraham Cumberbatch, efg. of Tubney lodge, Berks, to Mifs Charlotte Jones, daugh- ter of R. B, Jones, efq. of Hereford-ftreer, Grofvenor-fquare, F, Hunter, efq. of Little Maddox- ftreet, to Mifs Buthby, daughter of the late J. Buthby, efq. commiflary-general at St. Domingo, J. Reynolds, efq. of Bedford-{quare, to Mils Ann Staintan, of Bridge-ftreet, Weit- minfter. . George Dinley Goodyear, efq. captain ig the South Glocefter militia, to Mifs Sanders, of Howland-ftreet, Fitzroy-fquare. At Hampftead, J. Parker, efq. late furgeon of the, Prince George, to Mifs Grant. The Rev. Wm. Hill Newboll, of Win- chefter, to Mifs Matilda Clerke, of Epfom. Major Bird, of the sth regiment of foot, to Mifs Defer, of Bromley, Kent. DIED. At Lady Molefworth’s, in upper Brook- ftreet, Mrs. Ourry, widow of Admiral Pauli Henry O. At St. Pancras, R. Holbrook, ef. a juttice of peace for the county of Middletex. At Clapton, Captain Bartholomew Rook, late of the Juitinian; Weft Indiaman, ; At Newington, Thomas Whitehead, ef. of the Eaft India-houfe. In Goodge-ftreet, Mrs. M. Pajguali, 7X. She was the widow of Nichols P. efq. well known for his mufical compofitions, and aunt to Mr. Legatt, the engraver. In Norton-ftreet, Thomas Forfler, efg. Old Bond ftreet, In Great Ormond-ftreet, Mrs. Mukins, relict of Captain M. formerly of the ath regiment. At Winchmore-hill, James Fackfon, ef7, of Ludgate- treet. Tene Petes et In Brunfwick-fquare, William Wilfon, ¢/2. At Knightibridge, Richard Barrat, “fy: In Manchefter-flreet, Liewsenant “Colone, 32 amee 474 Fames Powell, of the Eaft India Company’s fervice, lately returned from Bengal. At Blackheath, Mrs. Hill, wife of Stephen H. efg. late of Jamaica. In Great Ormond fireet, Mrs. Solly, wife of Samuel S. efq. At Iflington, Fobn Hill, 4.D. formerly of Bradford, in Yorkfhire, 81. At South Lambeth, Mrs. Hook, wife of Mr. H. the compofer. She was equally diftinguifhed for the goodnefs of her heart, and for her mental endowments. In Percy-ftreet, in childbed of a daughter, Mrs. Second, a celebrated oratorio and con- cert finger, Her profeffional talents and abi- lities were weil known and admired by the public; and in pfivate life fhe was greatly refpeéted and efteemed. She has left five children, Suddenly, at his houfe in York-ftreet, Ferdinand A. F. Beckwith, efg. third fon of the late Major-general Beckwith, a bri- ' gadier-general of his Majefly’s forces, ma- jor of the 37th foot, and one of the com- miffioners for military enquiry, which ap- pointment he had recently received, while acting as affiftant adjutant-general of the. fouthern diftrié. At Walworth, Yohn Smith, efg. of South- wark, hop-merchant, fourth ion of Mr. Al- derman S, of York. In New Norfollc-ftreet, Welbore Ellis Agar, e/g. one of the commiflioners of the cuftoms. At her houfe in Weftminfler, Mrs. Hull, widow of ‘Thomas H. efq. of the theatre royal,Covent Garden, 77. In Alderfgate-ftreet, William Rawdon, ¢f7. fon of the late Chriftopher R. efq of York. At the Queen’s houfe, Mrs. Margaret Cleghorn, upwards of 40 years under houfe- keeper to the queen, Her indefatigable at- tention to the duties of her office, had, for a Jength of time, induced her majefty to reward her with a very liberal penfion, which the enjoyed to the day of her death. This, as it was apleafure to the granter, fo it was an additional one to her, as fhe was the better enabled thereby to relieve the miferable and diftrefled, whofe comfort and happinefs was her conftant Care. In Davies-ftreet, the Hon. Mrs. Maitland, lady of Colonel M. “Fobn Potts, efq. \ate of the-cuftom-houfe. in Norton-ftreet, Mrs, Swiney, wife of William S, efq. vice-gdmiral of the white. Suddenly, in New Broad-fireet, Fofeph Rodgers, eg. - At Hackney. Richard Cleaver, e/g. one of the juftices of the peace, for the county of Middlefex, 87, in Auftin Friars, Godfrey Thornton, ef7. of Moggerhanger-houfe, Bedfordfhire, 69. Mr. ‘jobn Nixon, of Red Lion-ftreet, Spi- tal-fields, grocer, 39, Shortly after eating a hearty brealkfaft, he was feized with a moft excruciating pain in the bowels, and, though medical afliftance was immediately procured, Deaths in and near London. (Dec. 1, and every remedy reforted to, he died on the third day. He wae a great admirer and patron of funday-fchools. Some years ago, on hear- ing of the deplorable fituation of the chil- dren in the Mint, Southwark, he, with fome friends, began a funday-fchool, to ime prove their morals and give them education ; in which they fucceeded; and at prefent fome hundreds are receiving the benefit of it. He was well known for his philanthropy and goodnefs of heart; and the poor in his neighbourhood have loft a good friend. At Wyefair, in the county of Denbigh, Alexander Aubert, ¢f7. F.R.S, of Highbury- houfe, vice prefident of the fociety of Anti- quaries, and governor of the London Affurance Company, whofe fuavity of manners, bene- volence and generofity, whofe patriotifm and loyalty, and whofe profound fkill in every branch of fcience, are eminently re« corded in the annals of literature and huma- nity, throughout all Europe. He was in his 76th year. By cutting his throat in a hackney-coach, which he had taken from the ftand in the Borough, and ordered to drive to Vauxhall, and thence back again to the Borough, aged about 26, Mr. Thomas Norman, a Jew, clerk to Mr. Mark Sprott, who had for fome time laboured under a depreflion of fpirits, amount ing almoft to derangement. At Iflington, William Fowler, ef9. formerly a wholefale ftationer, in Cannon-ftreet, Lon- don, 56. He was walking home from morn- ing fervice, apparently in good health, when he feil down, and expired immediately, Of a locked-jaw, in St. Bartholomew's hofpital, in her 33d year, Mrs, Mary Newton, wife of Mr. N. baker, of Enfield. On the Saturday preceding the had undergone a painful amputation of the right thigh, near the hip-joint 3 which, till the fatal fymp- toms of trifmus took place, had every ap- pearance of terminating happily. The ope- Tation was performed with great fkill, ten- dernefs, and humanity, by Mr. Ramfdeny with the affliftance of Sir Charles Blicke, Sir James Earle, Mr. Abernethy, Dr. Sher- win, and Mr. Clark, furgeon ef Enfield, and feveral other gentlemen, whofe curiofity had been excited by the fingularity of the cafe. A tumour intimately conneéted with a difeafed ftate of the bone (a fpiculous kind of exoftofis), occupying nearly the whole of the thigh, had gradually increafed, during feven or eight years, to an enormous mag- nitude, weighing upwards of forty pounds. While this {welling was in progrefs, fhe had been the mother of three children, all now living, the eldeft three years old, and the youngeft two months. We underftand that a caft has been taken of the limb in platter of Paris; but we regret that it had not been: previoufly injected, becaufe there can be no doubt that the preflure of fo large a tumour muft have rendered the femoral artery com- Fletely impervious, and confequently, that the limb, 1805.] limb, together with thé great mafs of febaceous accumulation, muft have been for fome years fupplied with the neceffary circulation by the anaftomofing branches alone. This would have added one to the cafes on which the Me- dical Spetator founded his propofal for curing the popliteal aneurifm, by an improvement in the application of the tourniquet, thereby ob- viating the neceflity of the very painful and dangerous feparation at firft propofed by the late John Hunter, At his apartmients in High Holborn, Mr. Nathaniel Fames, late furgeon to the Savoy, aged 72 years. This gentleman was a native of the Pais de Vaud in Switzerland, where he has relations in refpeétable fituations. The family name is Jacques, which, the fub- je of this fhort memorial, when he came firft over to England, thought proper to anglicize after the example of his uncle, a phyfician, to whofe praétice he was intended to have fucceeded, but who unfortunately died whilft he was on the journey to London. His firft appointment to the medical ftafft of the army, was in the capacity of furgeon’s mate to one of the regiments of foot-guards. This warrant was prefented to him upwards of fifty years fince; and as he told the pre- fent writer, with a degree of humour pecu- liar to himfelf, was figned by Julius Cafar, (Czfar being the name of the officer com- manding the Brigade at that time): this was the height of his preferment, until he was appointed about twenty years ago, to the furgeency of the Sayoy prifon; a preferment to obtain which, he ferved gratuitoufly, during the illneffes of his two immediate predeceffors, and during that of the laft, for a period of upwards of two years, From the firft vacancy, he was put by, through the powerful intereft of a competitor, and was near experiencing a like difappointment the fecond time, when the fucceflion was ftrong- ly folicited for a furgeon whofe years of life were lefs than thofe of James’s® fervice, This, fo great an injuftice, was however, through proper reprefentations of his fervice and charatter over-ruled, though not with- out difficulty. It has been obferved by the Duke de la Rochefoucault, that ‘* accent & le caraétere'du pays ou vous etes né, demeure dans l’efprit & dans le coeur comme dans Je langage :” that is to fay, ‘the accent Of a man’s native country is as @rongly im- preffed on his mind, as on his tongue ;”” the accent of his country on Mr. James’s tongue, could only be diftinguifhed by a very nice ear, for he {poke and wrote the Englih lan- guage with great correétnefs; but the ac- cént of his mind was difcoverable in all his actions, which were ftrongly marked by that plain integrity, and honeft fimplicity of his countrymen, the natives of Switzerland, Mr. James was indeed an honeft man, inof- fenfive and unaffuming in his general be- haviour; in his pragtice attentive and intel- Deaths in and near London, 475 ligent, watchful, but not prefumptuous, dee firous to do good, but fearful to do harm: fuch was the man, and fuch the pratti- tioner! : At the houfe of his friend Rob. Holt Leigh, efq. M.P. in Duke-ftreet, Weftminfer, W. Clarke, ef7. of Liverpool, banker. He was born in the year 1754, and educated under the reverend Mr. Booth, who then kepta © tefpeétable feminary at Woolton-hall near Liverpool; having there laid the foundation of his claflical acquirements, he entered into the bank of his father in Liverpool, which was the earlieft eftiablitmment of the kind in that populous and commercial place. The cares of bufinefs did not however, fupprefs the love of literature, which he had already imbibed, and the intervals of his leifure were devoted to an afliduous ftudy of the Greek and Roman authors, with the beft of whofe works, he maintained through life, an intimate and thorough acquaintance. This propenfity to learning increafed with his years; and having met with two affociatés equally devoted to thefe putfuits with hime felf, they formed a party for reading the claffic authors, for which purpofe they rofe at fix in the morning, and devoted fome hours to ftudy, before they engaged in the bufineis of the day. So clofe an application foon proved injurious to his health. Con- fumptive fymptoms were {uperinduced, which occafionally recurred for fome years, when he was prevailed upon by the advice of his phy- ficians, to undertake a voyage to a fouthern climate. In the {pring of 1733, he left Eng- land, and arrived at Lifbon, at which place, and in the pleafant villages in its vicinity, he foon recovered his ufual good ftate of health, The eafe and leifure which he en- joyed during his abfence, were highly gra- tifying to his difpofition, and inftead of re- turning to his native country, he proceeded to Spain, and took up his refidence at Sau Lucar, where he formed a friendly attache ment with many refpeétable families as well Englifh as Natives, which induced him to continue there upwards of twelve months. He then vifited Seville, Barcelona, Madrid, and other parts of Spain. Having gratified his tafte, with the infpeétion of whatever was moit worthy of his notice, and acquired a thorough acquaintance with the language and writers of Spain and Portugal, he pro- ceeded to Italy, and arrived at Rome about the clofe of the year 17863 on examining the monuments of art in that metropolis, he was ftruck with the great inferiority of the archite€tural produétions of modern times, : in comparifon with thofe of the ancients. ‘¢ The impreffions 1 feel,” fays he, in a letter to a friend, «* whenever I vifit the Pantheon, are much more grateful than thofe which the view of St. Peter’s excites. The fublimity of the former is chafte and unaf- fettedly majeftic; the latter to its genuine 302 beauticg 476 beauties adds ernaments, which can hardly efcape the epithet of meretricious.” In the {pring of the following year he vifited the ifland ef Sicily, exploring with enthufiaftic pleafure, the frequent monuments of lite- Fature and art, which ftill remain in that clafiic region. Returning by way of Cala- bria, he had an opportunity of obferving the effedts of thofe dreadful earthquakes, which had a fhort time before fo materially altered the face of the country, converting rivers into lakes, and precipitating rocks and moun- tains intotheocean. After viliting the prin- cipal cities of Italy, Mr, Clarke arrived at Venice, where he had an opportunity of being ufeful to Mr. Gibbon, in procuring and fending him books to Laufanne ; in con- feguence of which he recetved an invitation to vifit that eminent hiftorian in his retire- Ment. Mr. Clarke afterwards took up his refidence at Fiefole, in the near vicinity of Florence, which he emphatically called *¢ the firft ep of the Appennines, and where Brunellefchi’s immortal doom was conftantly under his eye.’ On his frequent vifits to the city, a confiderable part of his time was peffed in the library ef the Grand-Duke, where he obtained for his rriend and corre- f{pondent Mr. Rofcoe, the inedited poems of ‘the celebrated Lorenzo de Medici, and va- rious other documents, which have fince been given to the public, in the lives of Lo- senzo de Medici, and his fon Leo X. the au- thor of which, has acknowledged his various obligations to Mr..Clarke, in the prefaces to thofe works. On ‘his return to England by way of Switzerland and France, in the year 1790, Mr. Clarke had the good fortune to renew his acquaintance with ;the cele- brated traveller, “Dr. Chandler, with whofe -fociety he was highly gratified, and for whom he always retained a moft affe€tionate regard. For fome years before his death, he had retired from the more a¢tive part of bu- finefs to the enjoyment of literary leifure, and domeftic life; of which, however, he was fuddenly deprived, by am unexpected and fatal diforder, which for fome months before his death, left his family and friends without hope of his recovery ; but, which he bore with that firrnefs. which formed one of the charafteriftic features of his mind, In his difpefition he was peculiarly mild, gentle, and benevolent. Without inter- mixing much in general fociety, he was actuated by kindnefs and good-will to all. In the knowledge of ancient and modern Yanguages few perfons have attained a greater proficiency. That he never “attempted to diftinguifh himfelf by any literary publica- tion, is to be attributed to a want of ambition, and not of talents, But although he pre- ferred the Horatian rule ‘‘ leniter traducere zevum3;? to the reputation of a writer, few of his contemporaries were better qualified to form a correét judgment either on works of art, or on the productions of literature and tafte. z Deaths in and near London} [ Dec. I, 6¢ Not that the poet's boafted fire Shou’d Fame’s wide echoing trumpet fwell, . Nor on the mufic of his lyre, Each fature age with rapture dwell. The vaunted fweets of praife remove, Yet thall fuch bofoms claim a part In all that glads the human heart. Yet thefe the fpirits form’d to judge and prove * All nature’s charms immenfe, and heaven’s unbounded love. In this refpe&t, he has a right to be claffed among the members of that learned and refpe€table body, not a {mall one in thefe kingdoms, who form, as it were, the literary public, and are the legitimate, and proper guides of the general opinion. Free from the jealoufy too frequently found amongft authors; it is they who decide with cool and deliberate impartiality, on the produc- tions of the day; the guardians of tafte and the umpires of merit.* At her houfe at Chelfea, aged 72, after three days illnefs, Mrs Sfane Sophia Fordyce, reli&t of the late Dr. George F. Mrs F. though born in Holland, where fhe refided till the was upwards of ten years of age, was defcended, not only from a very ancient and refpe@able Scotch family, of the name of ° Stuart, but from a family who afpired to the honor of tracing their defcent from the kings of Scotland. Upon the return of her family from Holland, fhe went to refide with them at Edinburgh, where though porticnlefs, and pofieffing only the beauties of the mind; fhe was feen and admired by Dr, Fordyce, who was at that time a ftudent at Edinburgh, and the aftetion being mutual was very fpeedily followed by their marriage. The match, though ftrictly a love match, proved not altogether a happy one; for owing to.a difcordancy in their tempers, in which, though unfortunately not in this inftance, lapfe oftime rather tends to produce an alle- viation than to aggravate; the Doétor and his wife, after having for 30 years lived to- gether in a certain degree of harmony, (from analogy of talents, rather than from analogy of difpofitions) found it at length, for their mutual comfort, neceflary to feparate. Mrs. F. pofleffed very diftinguithed talents, un- common acutenefs, and a fteady and perfevere ing application to allgthe purfuits in which fhe engaged. To her we are indebted for the able manner in which the Aortus jficcus in the Mufeum of the late Dr. Hunter, is pre- pared, as it was a work which she performed entirely with her own hands. ‘She poffeffed unparalleled talents for forming flowers and other objeéts of natural hiftory from fhells, and as this was a purfuit to which the devoted * During the refidence of Mr. Clarke, at Lifbon, a copy of verfes was addreffed to him, by one of his early literary affociates, who en- joyed his uninterrupted friendhhip to the clofe of his life, for which fee the Poetry of this month, a confiderable 1805.] aconfiderable portion of her time, fhe has Jeft fpecimens behind her; which, in point of corre&tnefs of delineation, and dexterity in the management of the fhades, is probably unmatched, in this or any other country. Among her other qualities, her economy was not the leaft confpicuous: for notwith- ftanding that the ftipend allowed by the doc- tor upon the feparation, which took place between them, and which was her only in- come, was very {mall,' fhe contrived by the rigid exertion of the virtue of economy, to live in a very refpe@table ftyle, and occa- fionally to entertain parties of her friends, who always quitted her with regret, cheered with the urbanity of her manners, the viva- city of her converfation, and the acutenefs of her remarks. It is unfortunate for fociety that circumftances did not admit of Mrs. F’s moving in a more elevated and therefore more extenfive f{phere, that the virtues fhe practifed being more expofed to general ob- fervation, the fuavity and dignity of manners with which they were accompanied; could not have failed to acquire many converts to a plan of life, while it tended to refcue ‘a becoming degree of economy from the un- merited obliquy, with which it is in general branded, by thofe who expeét to profit by a contrary line of condu&, placed the fupe- riority of a life, devoted to {cientific pirfuits, by the cheerfulnefs and happinefs with which it was accompanied, over the unmeaning frivolous amulements to which but too many of our females are apt to devote their time, in the moft itriking point of view. Mrs. F. has left two daughters to lament her lofs, Mary Sophia married to General Bentham, Margaret, unmarried, s [Account of the Life and Writings of the late Edward Evanjon, A. M.—Mr. Evanfon was born of refpectaole parents, at Warring- fon, in the county of Lancafhire, April a1, 17313 but very foon alter this the family left the town and county. At feven years of age he was taken under the immediate care and protection of his father’s eldeft brother, then, and for more than forty years afterwards, vi- car of Mitcham, in Surrey. From: him he received his whole fchool education, and made fuch rapid progrefs in his claffical learning, as induced his uncle to enter him at Emanuel College, Cambridge, under the tuition of Mr. Hubbard, at the early age of fourteen. Here he profecuted his ftudies with fo much vigour and fuccefs, that he attained diftin- guithed honours when’ he took the degree of A.B. Soon after he had taken his degree he returned to Mitcham, and became his uncle’s aflittant in the education of pupils. In con- nection with this new employment, he took every opportunity of profecuting his own ftu- dies, and at the ufual period he returned to Cambridge, and took his fecond degree of A.M. Ata proper age he was ordained, and ferved the church at Mitcham as curate to his uncle. Herg he remained feveral years as Account of the late Edward Evanfin, 4.M. 477 aflfiftant in the church and in the fchool, which he did froma principle of duty and gratitude for his uncle’s attention to his owa_ education, although he had, during that pe- riod, fome offers of preferment by which his fituation would have been materially benefited. In the year 1768 he obtained the living of South Mims, near Barnet, and relided in the vicarage-houfe about two years: when, through the intereft of Mr. Dodd,* M.P, for Readinz, with Lord Camden, then Lord Chancellor, he was prefented with the living of Tewketbury. In conjunction with this, Mr. Evanfon held the living of Longdon, a village in Worcefterfhire, about five miles diftant from Tewkelbury, for which he ex changed that of South Mims. Thus refpeft- ably, and, as he thought, happily fettled, in the office of a Chriftian- minifter,-he deter- mined to apply himielf with diligence to the impartial ftudy of the Scriptures, and tomake them, and them alone, leaving every other affiftance, the bafis of his public inftructions, His great learning rendered him amply capa- ble of confulting and explaining the books of the Old and New Teftament in their original languagg. He had not purfued this mode of examining the Scriptures very long before he was convinced of the futility and erroneouf- nefs of many opinions which he had been ac- cuftomed to regard with reipeét and reverence. He was ftruck with horror even at the doc- trine of the Trinity, ‘by which himfelf and others had been led to pay a religious worfhip to three perfons, that of right belongs to one God only; the unrivalled Majeity of _ Heaven and Earth. This was, perhaps, the earlieft refult ofenquiries intothe truth of long- eftablifhed and generally received doctrines ; but his active mind did not reft here; he ad- vanced from one ftep to another, till he had difentangled, as he believed, the pure Chrif- tian fyftem from all the corruptions with which it had been embarraffled by the ig- morant, the artful, and: the interefted. Mr. Evanfon was not contented with invef- tigating the principles of truth for his own fatisfa&tion, he was, through a long lire, eager to difleminate them, and to conform, in all refpeéts, his own prattice to the undevi- ating rule of rectitude. When, therefore, he perceived the language of the liturgy in- confiftent with that of his Bible, he took the liberty of changing fome phraies, and omit- ting others, in the church fervice, which he could not himfelf confcientioufly ufe. For this, and on account of certain truths utter- ed by him in his difcourfes from the pulpit, and which Were unwelcome to a {mall part of the congregation, a long and very malevo- * To this gentleman Mr. Evanfor dedicat- ed his firft publication, entitled, ‘* Three Difcourfes: 1. Upon the Man after God’s own Heart. 2. Upon the Faith of Abraham. 3. Upon the Seal of the Foundation of God.” 3771 lent . 478 lent profecution was inftituted againft him. The circumftances relating to this affair, it may be proper briefly to notice. Mr. Evyan- fon haying accidentally chofen the doétrine of the refurre€tion, as taught in the firft Epiitle to the Corinthians, for the fubje€t of his Eafterfermon, in the year 177, he accerd- ing to his ufual cuftom, paid a particular at- tention to’ the chapter from which his text was to be feleted, and was very much afto- nifhed with obferving, that inftead of teach- ing shat mankind are to rife to a future life with the fame bodies in which they die, the fole and obvious fcope of St. Paul’s argumént is toprove, that we hall rife with very dif- ferent bodies, and to convince us of the ne- ceffity of that difference. From that time he exchanged the word “* body” for ** dead” in the Apoftle’s Creed. The fermon which he preached on this occafion gave confiderable offence to a part of the congregation, who had not been accuftomed to hear, that their 4 Lord and Mafter Jefus Chrift was truly and literally aman, of the fame nature, and hav- ing the fame kind of foul and body, with which the firft Adam was created.”* More than two years after tue fermon had been de- livered from the pulpit, a profecution was commenced againit the author, which was carried on for a longtime, at a confiderable ’ expence to the ~profecutors, as well as Mr. Evanfon. For the latter, however, a fub- {cription was inftantly fet on foot by fome of the principal inhabitants of the town, who affembled a numerous meetingt on the occa- fion, and pafied refolutions declaratory of their unanimous abhorrence of the profecu- tion, and determination of fuppoyting Mr. #* See page 1 of a Sermon really preached in the Parifh Church of Tewkefbury, on Eafter-day, 1771, for which a Profecution was commenced againft the Preacher, No- vember 4, 1773. By Edward Evanion, A.M. ° + The following is a copy of the adver- tifement for calling together this meeting: “Tervkefbury, November 4, 1773- «¢ Whereas a malicious profecution is com- menced againft our learned minifter by fome perfons of this parith, part of the charge, on which the profecution is grounded, is upon words dropped in private converfation; by which proceeding that mutual confidence be- tween man and man (without which fociety cannot fubfift) muft be totally deftroyed in this parifh:. all perfons, therefore, who have any regard for their own charaéters, and are enemies to oppreffion, are defired to meet at the Swan, in Tewkelbury, at fix o’clock in - the evening, on Wednefday next the roth inft. to rake proper methods for removing fo infamous a ftigma, by publifhing to the world their utter deteftation of fuch proceedings, and to confider of a proper plan for the fup- port of their worthy paftor under this unme, sited profecution.”® i Account of the late Edward Evanfon, A.M. [Dee. 1, Evanfon under it. To this Mr. Evanfon re~ ferred in a letter to the Bifhop of \Worcefter, publifhed in the year 1777. *£¢1n proof,” fays he, *‘ of the real decay of the illiberal {pirit of Anti-chriftianifm among us, as well as in juftice (and, on my part, gratitude) to the parithioners of Tewkelbury, it ought “toy be obferved, that the profecution here mention- ed was approved and encouraged only by a fmall party, whilft the majority, upon the firft notice of it, to their lafting honour, for- mally declared their deteftation of it in the public prints; and with a moft difinterefted generofity and truly Chriftian benevolence, voluntarily raifed among themfelves a very~ large fum, to defray the charges attending my defence.” And he adds, ** ‘The profecution, after a vaft profufion of expence, was quafhed on account of fome very irregular proceedings on the paréof the profecutors, and fo ended in what, at common law, is called a nonfuit.”* . : In * About the latter end of the year 1773» Mr. (now Dr.) Difney, publithed a tra&, en- titled, ©‘ Loofe Hints on Non-conformity,”, a copy of which he fent to Mr, Evanfon, who, ina letter tothe author, exprefléd him- felf under fingular obligations for the advice which it contained; this was the beginning of an *interefting correfpondence, a few ex~ tracts from which will throw light upon the profecution carried on againft Mr. Evanfon. In a letter dated Tewkefbury, December 29, 1773, Mr. Evanfon writes, ‘* My pro- fecutors have been encouraged and direéted in their proceedings againft me by Dr. Harris, of the Commons, who is: commiflary to the Bi- thop of Winchefter, and therefore was, with- out doubt, confulted in Mr. Norman’s affair, to which [was a ftranger till I read your pamphlet. AndIprefume it is upon their fuccefs in the deprivation of that gentleman, that he has infpired my adverfaries with*con- fidence of obtaining the fame fentence again me. However, | fhall not fubmit to ecclefi- aftical tyrants fo eafily as Mr. Norman. did. ——The criminal fa&s with which I am charged in the Confiftory Court of this dios cefe are, that in two private converfations, ina fermon preached upon Eafter-day, and in a pamphlet entitled ¢ The Dodtrines of the Trinity,’ &c. and alfo in an anfwer toa menacing letter fent me by my profecu‘ors, 1 offended againft the 4th, 5th, and 6th ca- nons ; and in the fermon and pamphlet again the 13th Eliz. cap. 12, fec.23; and that in two verbal alterat'ons, and two verbal omif- fions in my performance of the public fer- vice laft year, I feveral times tranfgrefied the rath and 38th canons.”—In another letter, dated April27, 1774, Mr. Evanfon proceeds: ‘€ Upon the 27th of » January, the only itep taken by my profecutors was, to obtain from the court a term of three court-days for the exhibiting their proofs. On the firft of thofe days, March roth, they 1805.7 | Account of the late Edward Evanfo, AM. in the following year (1778) Mr. Evanfon publi thed the fermon which had Siven offence, with an Epi‘tle Dedicatory, containing Re- marks upon ‘¢ A Narrative of the Progrefs of the Profecution which had been publithed by the Town-clerk.”.. To the fermon was pre- fixed a folemn affidavit that’ it contained the whole of what had been preached by him on Eafter-day, 1771. Thus did he exhibit through the whole of this bufinefs a manly and:confiftent fortitude, becoming the great caufe in which, from the pureft motives, he had embarked. ‘¢¢ It was weli,” fays the ve- nerable and excellent Mr. Lindfey, ¢¢ that fucha ftorm {11 not upon a weak or timorous perfon, who might have funk under it ; bat upon one who hada manly fririt of courage to bear up againft ic, and was fo able to defend himfelf in all points, efpecially by his writ- ings.’* As foon almoft as Mr. Evanfon be- gan to entertain ferious doubts upon the doc- trine of the Trinity, he wrote a letter to the they applied for a commiffion to examine their evidence in this town, which was ac- cordingly opened, with great parade, in our church, on April 6, and coftinued by ad- journment, at one of our public-houfes, tiil the 16th. In order to prolong the time, and make the Commiflion as expenfive as poffible, upon the idea that if they obtain only a fen- tence of admonition againit me, the cofts will fall upon me, they {wore twenty-fix witnefles, whowereonly to prove the fame fats,” &c. é&c. —From a third letter, dated April 19, 1775, the following extract is taken: ‘¢ My adver- faries’ prector at Gloucefter happens to be a moft zealous bigot to the orthodox fyftem, and both the, fecretary and favourite of old Warburton. His fituation therefore gave him the greateft opportunity uf reprefenting mat- ters in whatever light he pleafed: and he made fo good a ufe of it to anfwer the ends of his clients, that whilft the Bifhop was daily liftening, through him, to the artful infinu- ations.of my profecutors, he actually became a party againft me, refufed to admit me to {peak to him, fuffered their advocate to di- -rect him how to give judgment; and though he has not to this hour heard one fyllable in my defence, feveral weeks before the day that was fixed for hearing the merits of the caufe, he had gone fo far as to affure my adveriaries, that he was determined to pafs fentence of deprivation.”—-Through the whole of this bufinefs Mr. Evanfon en- joyed the legal affiftance of Mr. Wedder- burn, then Solicitor General (afterwards Lord Rofslyn), free of all expence. He was alfo aflifted by a very able proftor of the Commons, by whofe aid exceptions to the proceedings were difcoyered, which proved fatal to the caufe of the profecution. * Sce an Hittorical View of the State of the Unitarian Doétrine and Worthip; from she Reformation to our Times, &¢. &c, By Theophilus Lindley, A,M. 1783. 479 Archbilhop of Canterbury, ‘tating the rife of his firft fcruples, with, the grounds of them, requefting of his Gtace to favour him, by means of his fecretary, with any fatis- faétory informatien in his power, as might af. fit in removing thofe doubts, and enable him to remain confcientioufly in his office asa mi- nifter of the Gofpel, te which he was not only, at that time, very much attached by inclination, but he had many other urgent motives for fo doing, and particularly from the well-founded expectations of powerful in+ tereft for his promotion in the church. To that letter no anfwer was ever returned. Till the year 1775, Mr. Evanfon continued, in conjunttion with a curate, to perform the church fervice alternately at Tewkelbury and Longdon. He then leit his curate to fupply at Tewkefbury, and went to refide at Long don, where he continued to perform divine fervice till 1778. The partiality of the con- gregation at Longdon for their minifter was fo great, and their efteem for his virtues fo ftrong, that they would willingly have kept him among them, permitting him to make, as he had been accuftémed, any alterations in the church fervice that his own views of the fubje& might have diated. -He, however, refigned both his livings, and returned again to Mitcham, where he undertook the educa- tion of a few pupils. Inthe year 1773, Mr. Evanfon pyblithed, without his name, a traé& entitled, ** The Doétrines of a Trinity, and. the Incarnation of God, examined upon the Principles of Reafon and common Senfe ; witha prefatory Addrefs to the King, as firft of the three legiflative Eftates of this King- dom.” In the body of this work the author examines the Articles of the Church of Enge land, the Nicene Creed, and. that of St. Atha- nafius, with freedom and great earneftnefs. By fome readers he will be thought, in a few inftances, to have defcended, in his argu- ment, to alanguage rather beneath the dig- nity of theological difquifition and contro- veriy. It is, however, very probable, that the method adopted in this traét may have had its effect with many minds, upon which a different courfe of reafoning would have been completely ineffettual.* During Mr. Evanfon’s * That Mr. Evanfon never intended, in his controverfial writings, to offend any perfon, is evident from a letter which he wrote to Mr. Spurrel, of Shore-place, Hackney, who for many years ‘had been in the habits of ftri& intimacy with him, and who had urged the alteration or omiflion. of fome few paf- fages in the ¢¢ Diffonance,” a work that will be noticed hereafter? In reply, Mr. Evan- fon writes, * Asit is poflible 1 may live to revife another edition of the ‘* Diffonance,” I thall be moft fincerely thankful, if, when you can find leifure, you will have the guod- nafs, according to your promife, to point out te me the pasticular paflage: that ore blained as “ 480 Evanfon’s refidence at Mitcham, the educa= tien of feveral young men of very refpecta- ble families was entrufted to his care; among thefe was the grand-fon of Lord Bute. This amiable youth, who died at an early period, was fo much attached to his tutor, and felt fo ftrongly the obligations which he was under for the affeGionate care taken in forming his mind tothe principles of virtue and found learning, that, on his dying bed, he requett- ed his father to teftify his fenfe of the kind+ nefs fhewn to him, by fome fubftantial mark of his regards. With this Colonel Stuart willingly complied, and when he found that he could be of no fervice to Mr. Evanion in advancing him to any preferment under Go-~ yernment, he readily granted him an annuity for his life, which was regularly paid to his death. Inthe year 1777, Mr. Evanfon pub- lithed <¢ A Letter to Dr. Hurd, Bithop of Wor- eefter, wherein the Importance of the Pro- phecies of the New Teltament, and the Na- ture of the Grand Apoftacy prediéted in them, are particularly and impartially confidered.” The obje@t of this pamphlet, ‘* which,” fays Mr. Lindfey, <¢ deferves nothing lefs than the ferious confideration of the whole Chriftian world, while it thews the rare abi- lities and {trong method of reafoning of the writer,”’* was to prove that every eftablithed church in Chriftendom, from the fourth cen- tury toour own times, has been built upon one and the fame orthodox foundation, and hath adopted the yery fame primary effential articles of religious do€@lrine and belief; and that, cither they have all apottatized from the true Chriftian faith, according to the te- nor of the prophecies, or no fuch apoitacy has happened. In other words, either the Chriftian revelation is not true, or the reli- gion of every orthodox church in Europe is fabulous and falfe. In July, 1786, Mr. Evanfon married Dorothy the fecond daughter of the late Mr. Robert Alchorne, many years one of the moft refpectable inhabitants of the Old Jewry. The next fubje@ which Mri Evanfon undertook to difcufs in the way of controverfy was the fabbatical obfervance of Sunday, by aceflation trom all labour. ln feveral excellent and well written papers, in the fifth volume of the ‘* Theological Repo- fitory,” he attempted to prove not only that no pafiages of Holy Scxipture can be produced which recommend to Chriftians the keepizg of the firft aay of the week facred ; but that there are others which exprefsly tedch us, — as unneceflarily offenfive ; I am, fure I never intended any fuch fheuld exift, and I arn not fagacious or impartial enaugh to difcover them myfelf. ‘To feem to pay a deference to any ~ man’s mere prejudices, or unfounded conceits, at the expence of a thing fo highly import- ant as religious truth, appears to me exceed- ingly criminal, but in all other cafes my fin- cere defire is toavoid offending any body.” * See Hiftorical View, &c. Accoiint of the late Edward Evanfin, A.M. [Dec. % that the Gofpel does not require of its difcie ples any fuc fervance ; that it was ordain- ed folely by the interpofition of the civil power in the reign of Conftantine, and that it naturally leads the labouring orders of the people into diffipation and intemperance, The arguments of Mr. Evanfon excited confider- able oppofition from Dr. Prieftley and others, but Mr. Evanfon felt himfelf fo ttrong on the ground that he had taken, that he collected, in 1792, the whole controverfy, and publithed it in a feparate Tract, with an additional let- ter on the fubje& to Dr. Prieftley. In this he affumes as proved, that the Chriftians of the fecond century did not obfer ez, and confe~ guently had not received from the Apoftles and their fucceffors, the inftitution of the Sabbath, ot day of reft from labour; and that Conftantine, who inftituted the obfervance of the Sunday, gave his fubjeéts permiflion. te follow the bufinefsof hufbandry on that day, not only in harveft time, butin every feafon of the year: and he adds, by way of conclu- fion, ** For my part, I have not the-arro- gance to’ expect that my feeble voice fhould reach the ears, much lefs attract the atten- tion of our civil governors. But had £ any influence with the legiflature, I affure you, Sir, it fhould not be to induce them to oblige any perfons to work on Sunday, or any other day, contrary to their inclination or religious prejudices.—I with only that all men might be left to enjoy the liberty in this refpect. wherewith the Gofpel of Chrift has made them free; and that I could perfuade our rulers from the impolitic, unnatural, and, ix its inevitable confequences, immoral tyranny of compelling their fubjetts to be idle.” The opinions advanced by Mr. Evanfon on this fubje& made him many enemies, of perfons who had not patience to attend to the contro- verfy. Becaufe he contended that the mo- dern Sabbath was not of divine origin, the generality of readers, and fome of his own neighbours, concluded that he was a man de- void of all religion, and rejeéted the worthip of the Deity as of no account; whereas, at Mitcham, in Surrey, and in other places of his refidence, he was accuftomed te have worship in his family on the Sunday, making ufe of Dr. Clarke’s reformed Liturgy, with fome alterations of his own; and whenever he had any vifitors he adminiftered the Lord’s Supper, which he confidered as the fole Chriitian rire, and always to be adminiftered when a number.of the profeflors of the reli- gion of Jefus met for focial worhip.* Mr. Evanfon * Mr. Evanfon, in a letter to his friend Mr. Spurrel, {peaking of the Theophilan- thropifts in France, fays, ‘‘ If 1 were fitu- ated near a fufficient number of thefe who agreed with me in fentiments of religion, I would gladly aflift in forming a fociety of Chriftophilanthropifts, mecting like the Chriftians of the fecond and third centuries, merely 1805.] Evanfon in the fame year, 1792, publifhed a fmall oftavo volume, entitled ‘© The Dif- fonance of the four generally received Evan- gelifts, andthe Evidence of their Authenti- city examined.” In this work the author undertakes to thew that aconfiderable part of the New Teftament is a forgery, and has no Claims whatever to the title of infpired writ- ing. OF this kind he maintains are the Gof- pels of Matthew, Mark, and John; the Epiftles to the Romans, Ephefians, Coloffians, and “che Hebrews; the Epiitles of James, Peter, John, and Jude; and in the Book of Revelation, the Epifles to the Seven Churches of Afia. Mr. Evanfon is fatished with one Gofpel, and part of the Epiftles, and he maintains that St. Luke’s hiftory implies that neither Matthew nor any other apof- ftle could have publifhed any hiftory .pre- vioufly to his own. In this Gofpel, how- ever, as well as in the Aéts, our aythor is perfuaded that there are manifeft interpola- tions.* Superficial readers, on the appear- ance of this publication, concluded that the author was himfelf an unbeliever, and that he was taking this method to undermine the principles of Chriftianity. Hence he met with a confiderable fhare of obloquy and per- fecution from perfons of all parties. From a book-fociety to which he belonged, in Suffolk, he was expelled, or forced to withdraw his name, and his own work deemed fit only for the flames. Scurrilous and abufive anony- mous letters were perpetually fent to harrafs his mind, and to put him to the expence of poftage. But the principles of fortitude and integrity which enabled him to withftand a legal procefs carried on againft him by the Town-Clerk and fome other rancorous bigots at Tewkefbury, did not appear to torfake him at any period of his life. If any of thofe defpicable charaéters who attacked Mr. Evan- fon with the letters referred to, fhould caft their eyes over this memoir, let them be told that he paid no attention whatever to them 5 it was only for him to break the feal, to fee the writer’s drift, and inftantly to re- turn the letter to the Poit-Office, the fuperin- tendant of which never failed to return the mohey which had beenexacted for the carriage. Notwithfianding the apparent liberties which this gentleman took with the Scriptures, no man living was a firmer believer in the di-- vine mifiion of Chrift- Every ftep in his re- merely to hear the authentic Scriptures read, -and rationally explained; and to commeme- rate the death of our Lord and Matter, ac- cording to the mode ordained by himielf.” * To the arguments contuined in the *¢ Diffonance,” Dr. Prieftley replied, in a work entitled, ‘* Letters to a Young Man,” &c. which called forth an able anfwer from Mr. Evanfon, entitled, ‘* A Letter to Dr, Prieftley’s Young Man,” &c. &c. _ Monta Mag. No, 136. Account of the late Edward Evanfon, A. M. 48) fearches feems to have added ftability to his former convi€tions of the truth and high im- portance of the Chriftian religion. Within a very few years after the publication of the «¢ Diffonance,” a pamphlet was put into his hand, written by a diflenting minifter, who endeavoured to prove that a perfon dilbeliev- ing the Chriftian miracles might, peverthe- leis, confiftently be, and continue a teacher of Chriftianity. To this Mr. Evanfon re- plied: ** As Mr. profefies his difbe- lief of the miracles of Chriftianity, the great- eft and mof important of which is the refur- reGtion of Chrift, a vy »'y full though concife an{wer to his letter might be given by the So- ciety of profefied Chriftians at » in the words of a public inftruétor of Chriftian fo- cieties of old times, who profeifed himfelf to fpeak only ¢ the words of truth and fober- nets,’ and who recommended the free ufe of reafon, and the underftanding as ftrongly as Mr. M « Anfwer. If Chrift is not rifen, then is your preaching vain, and. our faith is vain.” I. Cor.xv.14. ¢ Weas Chrif- tians, muft not be unequally yoked together with unbelievers; for what communion hath light with darknefs? and what part hath he that believeth with an infidel ?? II. Cor. vi. 14. &c,” A few modths only before Mr. Eyanfon’s death he wrote a long letter toa gentléman of very fuperior talents and ac~ quirements, calling his attention to the fub- jet me ter of the “¢ Diffonance ;” and upon fii“ ing that gentleman diflatisfied with his ar- guments, and who ina Jetter to a common friend faid, perhaps, in a playful mode, ‘* He (Mr. Evanfon) will not wonder at the difficulty of my converfion, when he recolle&ts that I am fomewhat more than forty, the age afligned by Dr. Prieftley for recovery from error.- I did but juft fave my diftance in becoming an Unitarian.” In reply, Mr. Evanfon writes to this common friend, ‘* How a man of Mr. 3 candid mind, and abilities for the inveftigation of truth, canfereen himfelf un- der an illiberal maxim of Dr. Prieftley’s, D ~ cannot imagine, to urge as an apology for per- feverance in error, whilft any important truths are yet to be learned from their true fource--the teftimony of the word of God. For as to the teftimony of all nominal Chrif- tians after the commencement of the fecond century, of whatever ufe they may be to- wards fupporting that Anti-Chriftian apofta-. ey, which has been fo long erroneoufly called Chritianity, nothing can be more ,different from the religion of Jefus Chrift; for my part, ina cafe of fo much importance to man- kind, I could never acquit my({elf of the cri- minality of leaving one talfehood undetected, or oné truth undifcovered at any age.” Thus it is evident, that however widely Mr. Evan- fon might difter trom other Chriftians in points or fpeculation, he was himfelf a de- cided believer in divine revelition, ard was’ mott anxious to promote what he confidered 3 P import ant 482 ' important truth. In the year 1802 Mr. Evanfen publifhed a traét, entitled, <¢ Re- fle&tions upon the State of Religion in Chrif- tendom, é&c. at the Commencement of the XIXth Century of the Chritian Ara.” This work, which is, in fact, an attempt to ex- plain and illuftrate the propheciesin the book of Revelation, wasefteemed by the author as the moft important of all his publications. In his own explanation of the prophecies, Mr. Evanfon felt very confident ; and from this he anticipated that the moft important events will take place in the Chriftian world in little more than half a century. Speak- ing again of the dame friend that has already been referred to, and who has lefs faith in the explanation of prophecy than Mr. Evan- fon, he fays, ‘‘ Nothing furprifes me more than that prejudices in fuch a mind as his fhould render it incapable or diftinguifhing truth from the moft palpable falfehood. But all this arifes from his having paid no regard to the teftimony of prophecy, which alone can enable us to difcern the certainty of the genuine Chriftian faith ; by which 1 mean a firm confidence in the fure word of God; from the mere belief without any real conviction of its truth, more than which, he tells me, he as well as the late virtuous Dr. Price have never been able to attain. But who does not fee that this is toexchange the certainty of the revealed will of God for thofe unfa- tisfatory inferenccs, which the .virtuous among the: Heathens were led to make ey their rational knowledge of the Deity, and the fuppotition of his fuperintending Provi- dence?” In another letter to the fame friend, he writes, “* Truly forry am I to tee the clergy in general, of all fects and deno- minations, efpecially fuch liberal minded men as 3 » andthe late Dr. Prije- . ley, fo ignorant of, inattentive to, aud even prejudiced: egainit, the moft important pare of Scripture; which can alone dipel the er- rors that have, tor fo many centuries, he- wildered the underftanding of all Chriften- dom, as far as religion is cuncerned.”, From thefe extracts, and more of the tame kind might be added from a correipondence now hetore me, it fhould feem that Mr. Eyanfon * Anew edition of the ** Diilonance”’ had been prepared with great care by Mr, Evan- fon, and part of it printed off before his death. He was very defirous, had it pleafed the Wife Difpofer of Events, to have lived till the whole was finifhed. ‘ Happ ly,” fays his very refpectable filier, in a letter to afriend, ** though» my brother was not per- mitted to fee his work, now in the prets, completed, he was bleft with iuch collected ideas, and ftrong intelle¢tual ability to the lait, that till only two days before his death, he correéted the proof-sheets as they arrived from the printer's. + The prophecies in the Book of Reve- dation. Account of the late Edward Evanjon, A. M. (Dec. 1, was not only a firm belisver in the: truth of Chrittianity, but that he had attained to a much fuller conviétion of its reality than falls to the lot of many fincere and excellent Chriftians. We now come to the laft work which Mr, Evanfon completed previoufly to his death, viz. * Second Thoughts on the Trinity,” ina letter addrefied to the Bifhop of Gloucefter. This publication was avow- edly an anfwer to his Lordfhip’s defence of the doétrine of the Trinity: and it contains not only a reply to the learned Prelate’s ar- guments, but a juftification of many of his own opinions and theories, advanced in his former works. It exhibits the marks of a ftrong mind, ardently engaged in the diico- very of truth, and fully intent upon the pro- pagation of it. Itappears from a correfpond- ence between Mr, Evanfun and Mr. Timethy Brown, with which the writer of this article has been favoured, and to which he has al- ready referred, that a great part of this lafttract was written while Mr. Evanion laboured un- der much bodily infirmity. In anfwer to an invitation from Mr. B. to pay him a vifit, and ipeaking of the Bithop’s ‘¢ Thoughts on the ‘Trinity,’ he writes, <* lam fketching out a plan for an anfwer tothem. I am of opinion his brethren of the Bench have been far more prudent, who have fo kong followed the fage advice of Matt. Prior's Merry An- drew: ¢ Eat your pudding, flave, and hold your tongue.’ Increafing infirrjities of old age, and a confirmed afthmatic complaint, for which the atmofphere of your great city is peculiarly unfavourable, leave me little expectation of ever vilting ‘Lendon again.” In another letter, written only ut the inter- val of eight days, he tells his frend that he is on the road to Briftol, on account of a fe- rious complaint which demanded the aid of the beft medica] and furgical advice. With- in a fortnight of this period he -writes, that the ftate of his health, inftead of being ge- nerally amended, is become much worfe, and he is refolyed to quit Clifton. In conic~ quence, however, of fome flight beneft which he felt from his medicines, he fubmit+ ted toafurgical operation April 2ith. About the end of the month of June he had the fa- tisfation of fending to his friends copies of his anfwer to the Bithop of Gloucetter ; but in the fhort mote that accompanied one, of them, there were evident marks of its hav- ing been. written with a feeble hand; and in threeweeks after, by the penof Mrs. Evan- jon, he announces to his friend the melan- choly information of a paralytic feizure. This, which at firft was but flight, gradually increafed, till it terminated his valuable lite, September 25, 1805. During the Jatter nionths of this. good man’s life he tuftered yery much from bodily infirmity and acute pain, yet his fortitude and patience never iecem to-have deferted him. ‘fo the laft he was intent upon the fpread of religious know- ledge, and deeply interefted in theological difcujsiion | 1805. | difeuffion. He looked upon the approach of death with a calm and undaunted mind, and he derived much confolation from the anti- cipation of future happinefs. In a letter to the Rev. Mr. Belfham, April 23, he fays, <¢ Tam here (Briftol) for fomething: of the complaint under which your friend Dr. Prieft- ley laboured fume time beiore his death, a ftriture in the efophagus. The furgeon tells me, that as I applied in time, I may obtain relief. But God knows how far he may be right, and I am not at all anxious about the event. At the age of feventy-four life begins to be of little value, either to my- felf or others, but my future profpects ‘ate full of comfort.” To the Rev. Mr. Rogers, ef Stroughtoa, in Suffolk, he writes, with- in a few days of his decease, ¢ It pleafes me much to find that my letter to the Bifhop of. Gloucefter met with your approbation. My foie fupport in fo ftrenuoufly maintaining the combat in behalf of the truth of the Chrif- tian covenant, againft the grofs fables and falichoods of the predicted apoftacy, is gra- dually to excite the attention of rational thinking minds to matters of fuch vaft im- portance: and upon reviewing my own con- duct. the fatisfaction i find from it aftords me the great and only confolation which I enjoy — under my prefent afflicted ftate of health — Ican have no hopes of recovery, and only wait with patience the approach or the final period decreed for my departure.” And in an- {wer to thefriendly enquiriesof Mr. 1. Brown, from whom, during the aft months of his life, and patticularly through his illnefs, he had experienced much marked attention and real friendfhip, he writes, “* i return you athoufand thanks for ail your kind folicitude about my health, which, I thank God, con- tinues to mend, though not very faft.” And in reference to fome aromatic medicines fent him by Mr. Browne, he adds, ‘¢ I believe it has been of much tervice to me, but inftead ef wanting more, your friendly benevolence jupplied me fo profulely, that I have not only ‘Northumberland and Durham. 483 enough to laft me while living, but fufficient to embalm my carcafe when dead.” Thus it appears that the vivacity and fpirits of Mr. Evanfon did not forfake him to the laft; the conviétion and certainty which he poffefled of another and a better life, fuftained him under all the affli@tions of the prefent’ Previoufly to hisdeath he was greatly emaciated is bodys but his underftanding ‘was vigorous tit] the laft. Even on the day before his death he was able to take a whort ridé in his carriage, to which he walked by only leaning on an arm; in the evening of the fame day he ap- peared in excellent fpirits, and departed about five o’clock in the miorning, inthe apparent calm compofure of common fleep. ‘Such was the happy death of the Rey. Edward Evan- fon. He hadlived the life of the righteous man, and his lait end was like his. Thofe who have watched his condu& through every period of his exiftence, bear witnefs to the ftri€teft integrity, honour, and benevolence of his character, The relative duties of a fon, a hufband, and a brother, he performed with the greateft attention. From hisneigh- bours, wherever he refided, he received the fincereft teftimony of refpeét and efteem, His manners were highly conciliating and engag- ing, and by his particular friends no man was’ more beloved. In his death the needy have loft a friend that will not eafily be replaced, | He was, as ig is hoped this memoir will thew, a lover and a vindicator of the truth, with-* out any regard to its confequences. Edu~ cated, and well provided for in the eftablith- ed church, with the profpeéts of fill higher preferments, he willingly refigned all for) the fake of a good confcience, The name of fuch a man muft live in the remembrance of the wife and the good. Thofe even who will not conccde to him every, or indeed any’ point, of his peculiar fentiments of theology,’ will admire his zeal, venerate his fortitude, and endeavonr to imitate his attivity in in- veftigating the Scriptures, and his defire of promoting all ufeful truth. ] PROVINCIAL, OCCURRENCES, WITH ati THE MARRIAGES anp DEATHS; Arranged geographically, or in the Order of the Counties, from North to South. 44° Authentic Communications for this Department are always very thanktully received. —_— a NORTHUMBERLAND AND DURHAM. The annual fhew of Cheviot rams at Campe houfe, this feafon, was attended as ufual by a large aflemblage of gentlemen and farmers from both fides of the Border, The improve- ment of this valuable breed of fheep, both in carcafe and in wool, fince the eftablifhment of the fociety, becomes every year more and more apparent, and affords a ftriking and mott inftruétive proof of the rapid effeats of a proper feleéti \yof breeding ftock, and of good pafture, i = jmproving the fhape of the animal, A beautiful two-year-old wedder, from the ftock of Mr. Robfon of Belford, was killed at the fhow, and proved that this breed was as capable as any other of being eafily bred. The company were alfo highly gratified by the exhibition of a fine Ryeland tup, the property of Lord Somerville; and two gimmers, the produce of Cheviot ewes and that tup, bred by his Lordfhip on his eflate in that county. Their fymmetry was much admired, and the crofs appears more likely to improve the wool of the Cheviot 3P 2 theep 4384 fheep than any other hitherto introduced. Mr. Blackie alfo fhewed fome very fine De- vorfhire cattle, of his own rearing ; a breed which he has nad the merit of introducing, and which appears perfeétly adapted to the climate, and to merit every attention from the fpirited farmer. _ Married.] At Heighington, Durham, Mr. W. Horn, of London, to Mifs Phillis Surtees, daughter of Crofyer $. late of Redworth Houfe. At Barnard Caftle, Mr. Simon Metcalf, 96, to Mifs Ugill, 18. Died.| At Hollikerfides, near Sunderland, Mrs. Anderfon, wife of Samuel A. efq. At Stamfordham, fuddenly, Mrs. Scott, reli of Wm. S. efg. M.D. _At Hexham, Mr. W. Armftrong, butther, I. At Sunderland, Mr. George Clark, gar- dener, 75. At Burnthoufe, near Morpeth, Mifs Dunn, daughter of Mr. Robert D. , At Threepwood, Francis Tweddell, efq. many years an active and moft refpectable magiftrate for the county of Northumber- land, 75. At Stanton Fence, Mr. John Clark, for- merly of Pegswood, near Merpeth, 94 At Eafingwold, Mr. Thomas Crawford, proprietor of feveral ftage waggons. At Bithopwearmouth, Mrs. Rulby, widow ef the Rev. Mr. B. curate of Sunderland. At Aycliffe, near Darlington, the Rev. J. Robfon, many years vicar of that parihh. At Bifhop Aucklané, Mrs. Bramnieles wife of George B. efq. At Thrifleton, near Durham, Mr. Thomas Liddell, 44. At Durham, Lieutenant J. Newel, of the North Lincoln militia, 30.—Mary Graham, 99-—Mr. John-Welfh, pawnbroker, 65.— Mrs, Webfter, 81.—Mr. Johnfon, attorney. At Berwick, Mr. Wm. Ord, 77.—Eliza- beth Weatherton, widow, 79. Her ceath was occafioned by her clothes taking fire. — Mr. John Suddifs, fawyer, 76.—Mr. Thomas How, 88. At Stockton-upon-Tees, John Allifon, efq. Jieutenant-colonel-commandant of the Stock- ton volunteers. At Newcaftle, fuddenly, Mrs. Jenkins, re- ict of Mr. J. dyer.—Mr. Edward Fergufon, toll-keeper on the north fide of Tyne bridge, and many, years coachman to the mayors of Newcaftle.—At his mother’ s, Mr. George Brown, of Leeds, formerly proprietor of the Leeds Mercury, and brother of the late Mr. Matthew B. printer, of Newcaftle — Mr. Ralph Harrifon, late proprietcr of the iron foundery in Pipewell-gate, Gatefhead — Mifs D. Jackfon, 20-—Mr. Matt. Guthrie, mafon, 39.—The Rey. Atkinfon Hird, cu- rate of St. Nicholas’ church.— Mr. W, Lam- bert, 65.—Mrs. Dixon, wife of Mr. D. cut- Ter, who is fuppofed to have been the hea- viet female in Newcaftle.—Mr. J. Palmer, Cumberland and Weftmoreland. [Deec. 1, fhip-owner.—Mrs, Wardell, widow of Mr. W. —Mr. Haunch, fchoolmafter.—Mr. Philip Jopling, of the Three Tuns, 57. At South Shields, Mr. Forfter Fryer, 85. At Haydon Bridge, Mrs. Blackett, relict of John B. of Wylam, efg. 84. What was an amiable and benevolent trait in her character, was her attachment to oid and worthy fer- vants, feven of whom attended her to the grave—three 48 years, and four of them 35 years in her feivice. CUMEFERLAND AND WESTMORELAND. The ,tirft mevting of rhe Agriculcural So- ciety, lately inftituted by Mr. CurwEny was held on the 25th of Oétober, when he was unanimoufly chofen prefident. ln the morn- ing, the meeting at the «flembly-room ad- judged the prizes to the cottagers and male and female fervants. ‘1 hey afterwards: pro- ceeded to Mr. Curwen’s farm, and infpected the drill-machine at work, his farm. yard, threfhing-machine, and other excellent im-= provements made there by the owner; efpe- cially that of (teaming potetoes for feeding horfes, cattle, &c. After the party had rid- den sound the farm, teen the ploughing match, the cattle, horfes, &c. (thewn for prizes) they fat down toa dinner prowided by the prefident. in tents, at the Schors Farm. Upwards of goo partook of the good cheer, After dinner, the fociety eleéted their vice- prefidents and committee, and entered into the Rules for the future segulation of the fociety.—The prizes were adjudged as fol- lows: For the beft two-years old heifer, to Jofeph Benn, efq. of Middleton Place, out of a number of very excellent heifers fhewn. For the beit bull, to Mr. Jonathan Fawcett, of Ribton Hall. For rhe bet cart horfe, to Mr. Henry Salkeld, of Workington; who alfo won the fweepftalces in naming the exaét weight of a South-Down fheep of the -pre- fiden:’s, killed upon the occafion.- For the beft boar, to f. C. Curwen, efq. For the beft ploughman, to John Dixon, of Weftfield. To the cottager, who without parochial affift= ance had brought up the largeft family, the prize was adjudged to Edward Harker, of Dearham, To the male fervant in hufbandry, Stephen Waterford, who had ferved faith- fully Robert Dixon, of Unerigg, upwards of twenty-two years. To the female fervant, Mary Allan, who had ferved faithfully Mr. Jofeph Parker, of Seaton, and his father, upwards of 22 years. ‘To Jofeph Aikin, fer- vant of |. C. Curwen, efq for the beft ftack. Mr, Faulder, of Scherphadhs exhibited a mule, which was greatly admired, and fold for forty guineas. The diftriét, for compe- titors, was extended to the whole county of Cumberland, and to annual fubfcribers in any county. The meeting was numerous beyond all expetation, Several gentlemen came upwards of forty miles to attend it; and from the general fpirit and enthufiafm fhewn by all, and the warm and zealous exe ertions of the prefident in promoting fo pa- triotic 1805.] triotic and laudable an inftitution, there can be no doubt but the fociety will increafe and fluurith, and be one of the greateft means of encouraging and improving the agriculture of the county of Cumberland. Experienced workmen have been occupied in boring, in order to afcertain the bet fitu- ation for the intended bridge over the river Eden, between Carlifle and Stanwix. They have been fortunate enough to finda folid foundation of rock from two to five feet on the north fide, both above and below the prefent bridge; and alfo rock of from feven to ten feet on the fouth fide of the bridge. A plan has likewife been taken of an in- tended road from the new bridge at Stanwix bank, to proceed nearly in a ftraighc line through Kingmeor and Rockliff parifh, to Gariftown on the Efk, where another new bridge is in contemplatson; and then the road is to be conne&ted with the new road to Glafgow, which will certainly be a great im- provement in that part of the country. Married.] At Carlifle, Mr. John Pict, to Mifs Mary King, daughter of Mrs K. inn- keeper. At Egremont, Jofeph Benn, efq. of Black- hew, to Mifs Banks, of Langhorn, At Whitehaven, Mr. William Wilfon, thip-bailder, to Mifs Sarah Dickinfon, daugh- ter of Captain Jofeph D. Died.| At Whitehaven, Mrs. Elizabeth Brown.—Mrs. Elizabeth Younghuiband, wi- dow, 94. At Longmarton, Weftmoreland, Mr. Simp- fon. At Scarbank, near Longton, Lady Brucer. On his paflage from the Weit Indies, of the yellow fever, aged 24, Capt. Robert Gib- fon, of the Firft or Royal regiment of foot; fecond fon of Robert G, efq. of Barfield, in this county. He united the charagter of an excellent officer with that cf aa amiable young man. Toa moft elegant and manly form, were added thofe perfonal graces, and that fweetnefs of sifpofition, which prepof- fefled and engaged every one in his favour; and, in his death, he will be no lefs la- mented by the whole corps, than he was be- loved whilit living. At Harrington Parfonage, Mrs. T. Hu'ch- infon, relié&t of Mr. Jofeph H. of Cocker- mouth, 72, At Cockermouth, Mrs. Woodville, gg. At Carlifle, Mr. George Irving.—Mr. W, Dryden, tailor, a private in the Cumberland Rangers, 21.—John Hannah, labourer, 95. —Mrs. Ann M‘Knight,. inn-keeper. YORKSHIRE. Married.] Ac Ripon, M. T. Trigge, efq. partner in the houfe of Pearfe, Wray, and Trigge, of Hull, to Mifs Afkwith, daughter of Wm. A. efq. At settle, Mr. Benjamin Horner, furgeon- dentift, of York, to Mifs Alice Birkbeck, daughter of Wm. B. efq. banker—George Pollard, efq. only fon of George P. efg. of Vorkpire. 485 Green Hill, near Halifax, to Mifs Horton, daughter of the Rev. Wm. H. of Hound Hill, near Pontefract, and niece to the Earl of Derby. John Waterhoufe, efq. of Well Head, to Mifs Grace Rawfon, daughter of John R. efq. of Stoney Royd, near Halifax. At Bramham, Major Hawkfworth, of the Whartdale volunteers, brother to Colonel Fawkes, of Farnley, to Mifs Ann Grimfton, third daughter of the late Robert G. efq, of Nefwick. At Ecclesfield, the Rev. T. Trebeck, of Wath, to Mifs Fofter, daughter of John F. efq, of High Green. At Bracewell, near Skipton, Michael John Mafon, efq. of Cronnon Park, Effex, to Mifs Jane Cockthott, daughter of Thomas C, efq- ' Djed.] At Tadcafter, Mrs. Potter, fitter of Mr. Alderman Hartley, of York. At Scarborough, Mrs. Lifter, wife of John H. L. efq attorney at law, 28. At Leeds, Mrs. Green, relict of Saville G. efq. of the Pottery.—Mr. Harrifen Robfon. —WMr. Jofeph Dixon, hofier, late china-man. —Mrs. Mary Wilby, reli€&t of Mr. fohon W. late of Royd Moor, 72.—Mrs. Caffon, widow of Mr. C, fhoemaker, §83.—Mr. Par, formerly a mafter cloth-drefler; but who had feveral years ago retired from bulinefs, go. At York, Mrs Peck, wife of Mr. Ede ward P. bookfeller.—Mr. Richard Bielby, 72.—Mr. Hugh Staveley, brother to Mr. S. of the Caftle, 35—Robert Parker, efq. of Skipwith.—Mr. Wm. Sutcliffe, linendraper. —Mr. Thomas Walker, many years keeper of the Grand Stand on Knavelmire.x—Mre Timothy White, brother of the late Dr. W. —Mr. A. Brodie, formerly a cabinet-maker, but who had retired from buline(s. , At Tickhill, near Doncater, Mr, Benja- min Dawion, furgeon, who for the laft 25 years has been in extentive practice in that neighbourhood. ( At Melton, Benjamin Blaydes, efq. 70, one of the aldermen of the corporation of Hull. At Beverley, Mr. Thomas Thackray, 79, He was in the memorable battles of Dete tingen in 1743, and Fontenoy in 1745 —Mrs, Ann: Barftow, reli@ of Alderman B. of Ful- ford, near York. At Moreton, near Bingley, John Coates, efq. 85. At Noftell Park, near Wakefield, Sir Rowland Winn, bart. who in 1799 ferved the office of high fheriff for the county, 3c. His remains were cepofited in the family vault at Wragby. All his tenantry were in- vited to pay the laft tribute of refpect to his memory, and every one who had in any way been engaged in rendering fervices to the fa- mily, received a mournful memento of tbe lots of their patron, His nephew, John Williamfon, efq. a youth in his twelfth year, fucceeds to his valuable eflates. At aah At Hull, fuddenly, Mifs Seaton, daughter #f Mr. George S. of Whitgift, 16.—Mr. J. Gritton, late port furveyor of the excife, 77. -—Mr Humphrey Foord, 73 —-James Kiero, fq. 74.——Mrs, Mary Corlafs, 55. \LANCASRIRE, \ Marritd.} At Lancafter, George’ Rowe, efg. of Livetpool, to Mifs Dodfon.—Mr, Richard Swainfon, jun. to Mifs Jolly, of Poulton in the Fylde. The Rev. Mr. Barnes, incumbent of Samle(bury, near Prefton, to Mifs Lawfon, ef White Lund, near Lancatter. At Liverpool, Mr. Henry Cardwell, attor- sey at law, Manchefter, to Mifs Mary Brand, daughter of Mr. Jofeph B —Capt. T. Light- ly, of the thip Hannah, to Mrs. M‘Callum, widow of Capt. M‘C.—Lazarus Jones Vena- bles, efo. barrifter at law, eldeft fon of Laza- rus V. efq. ef Wood Hill, Shropfhire, to Mifs Alice folly. At Gretna Green, Mr. Pearfon, of Penny- bridge, near Uiverfton, to Mifs Rawlinfon, only daughter of John R. efq. of Beckfide, near Cartmel. Died | At Wrighttngton, Mr. Ralph Cal- fhaw, fen. upwards of go years head matter of the grammar-fckool in Bifpham. » At Lancafter, Mr. Thomas Tatham, fpi- rit merchant, formerly captain of the Thetis Weft Indiaman, of that port—-Mrs. John- fton, Hnen-draper. At Blackburn, the Rev, Wm. Dunn, D.D. ef the Faculty of Paris, and prieft of the Roman Catholic congregation in Blackburn. He was fuddenly feized with a pain in the breaft, during the performance of divine fer- vice, and expired in the veftry. At Ulverfton, Mrs. Ellerton, a maiden fady, 52.—Mrs. Dodfon, wife of Mr. D. grocer. At Prefton, Mr. Toha Dalton. At Warrington, Roger Topping, efq. At Ofwaldtwiftle, neat Blackbura, Mr. Thomas Tatterfall, 62. At Liverpool, Mrs. Mary Evans, relict of the late Mr. Gécrge E. 71 —Mrs. Marris, kite of the Crown and Anchor tavern.—Mr. Bamb, fadler.—Mr. Francis Strand, 67—~ Mrs. Ball, wife of Mr.T. B. liquor merchant. Mr. Jolin Bailey, many years manager of Mr. Harvey’s brewery —Mre. Brofter, mother of Mr. B. bookfeller.——-Suddenly, Mr. George Gretton, many years mafter of the Manefty’s- Fane charity-fchool. The friencs of that in- fitution will dong regret the Jofs of a man who was eminently diftinguifhed by an afli- dvous and faithful aifcharge of the duties of his fituation.——M ifs Mary Thomas, 23.—Mr. Wilkinfon, merchant.—Suddenly, Mifs Bow- ering, of Lincoln, while on a vifit to her coufin, Mrs. J. Williamfon, 26.—Mr. Peter Lawfon, 20.—Mrs. Phenix, wife of Mr. John P. merchant, and niece to the late jJothua Rofe, efq. At Manchefter, Mr. J. Swindells, booke Lancafpire-—Chefpire—Derbyfbire. [ Dec. 1, feller.——Mr, Brooke Jones, eldeft fon of Mr. J. draper, of Chefter. CHESHIRE, Mrarried.} At Preftbury, Mr. Samuef Chandley, fon of Mr. Thomas Chandley, hat- manufaéturer, Macclesfield, to Mifs Leigh. —Mr. John Walker, to Mifs Jemima Barrett. At Chefter, Francis Richards, efq. to Mils Ann Stringer, daughter of the late Mr. S. upholiterer,—-Mr. James O'Neill, of Liver- pool, merchant, to Mifs Gardner, daughter of Mr G. cabinet-maker. Died.] At Chefter, Mr. Saravel Hewitt,’ late of Shrewfbury, merchant, 84 —At the Royal Hotel, on his way to Liverpool, Owen Molineux Wynne, efq. of Overton Hall, in the county of Flint —Mrs. Chivers, wife of Mr. C. butcher.—The Rev. John Capper, Tate of Gotborne —Mrs. Wooley, reliét of Mr. W. baker.—Mrs. Barker, widow of Mr. B. tailor. a At Darefbury, Mrs. Heron, reliét of George H. ef. and eldeft daughter of the late Peter Brooke, efq. of Mere, 80. At Sealand, nejr Chefter, Mrs. Williams. At Cheadle, Mifs Sarah Hope, fourth daughter of Thomas 8. efq. 15.—J. Har-_ rifon, efq. one of the magiftrates for that divifion. At Witton, near Northwich, Mr, John Pickering, 27. At Chérley, Mrs Halliwell, of the Poft Office. Ac Frodfham, Mr. Roger Parfono. At Tildefléy Ranks, Aenry Clarke, efg. late of Middlewich. At Nantwich, Mifs Broom.—Mrs. Keay, filer to the late Mr. K. tobacconift, 6¢. Af- ter a whole life of anxiety and dread of the fmsll-pox, fhe at laft fell a victim to that terrible enemy of the human {pecies. DERBYSHIRE. Married.] At Derby, Mr. William Cooper, plumber and glazier, to Mifs Mary Radford, daughter of Mr. Robert R.—Mr. John Smith, ef Tanfley, to Mils Page, eldelt daughter of the late Mr. Francis P At Pentrich, Mr. William Hart, of Ut- toxeter, to Mifs Wooftley, daughter of thd late Mr. W. of Ripley. Died.| At South Wingfield, Mrs. Pearfan, wife of Thomas P. efq 37. At Chefterfield, Mr, David Barnes, 63. At Eggam, James Farewell Wright, efg. At Bareges, in France, of a dyfentery, the Rev. John Craufurd, rector of Elvafron. At Matlock, Mifs Margaret Stanfall, eldeft daughter of Thomas S efq. mayor of New- ark on Trent, At Derby,Mrs. Itchenor, 25 —Mrs. Emery, wife of Mr. E. tanner, 23. : At Dronfield, John Greenway, efq. At Etwall, Mifs Proctor, eldeft daughter of the late Mr. P. furgeon of Lichfield. NOTTINGHAM. Married.] At Gedling, Valentine Kit- chingman, efq, of Carlton Huftwaite, in the North > 1805. ] North Riding of York, to Mifs Smelt, daughter of the Rey. Mr. S. re€tor of Ged- ling, and niece to the Earl of Chefterfield. At Edwalton, Mr. Jofeph Thorp, jun. currier, of Nottingham, to Mifs Vincent. At Old Radford, Mr. Bradbury, of Not- tingham, to Mifs Anne Raven. At Lowdham, Mr. Riley, officer of excife at Woodborough, to Mrs. Fountain, of Gun- thorpe Ferry. At Nottingham, Mr. S. Stretton, to Mifs Wilkinfon. . Died.| At Nottingham, Mifs Mary Ward, drefs-maker—Mrs. Durham, widow of Mr. D. baker.—-Mrs Langford, relict of Mr. L. hofier.—Mrs. Bell, widow of Mr, John B, ‘formerly of Caiftor, Lincolnfhire.—Mr. Stra- han, a member of the fenior council of this corporation.—-Mrs. Fieldwick, wife of Mr. I’, of the Horfe Shoes public-houfe.—Mrs, Sturt.—Mrs, Shipley, wife of Mr. Henry S, —WMir. Samuel Brooke, fen. 81.—Mr. Tho- mas Hancock, engineer, whofe talents and attainments in mechanics, chemiftry, elee- tricity, and the polite arts, united to a found underftanding, good tafte, exquifite fenfibi- lity, and hilarity, made his fociety much courted and valued. At Basford, fuddenly, Mr. Torr, fen. pub- Sican. At Burton Joyce, Mr. S. Lawfon, 72. At Mansfield, Mr. John Royle. At Newark, John Cooke, efq. 35. ‘At Coliton Baffett, Mr. Gunn, farmer, At Southwell, Mr. John Aldridge. — At North Mufkham, near Newark, Mr. ‘Wafs, grocer. About thirty years ago he made a vow never to itep out of his houfe on any account; and, notwithftanding the moft earneft entreaties of his friends, he {crupu- loufly obferved it till his death. LINCOLNSHIRE. : Appligtion is intended to be made to Par- Jiament, for an att for inclofing the commons in the parifh of Scotter. Married] At Horkfton, Mr. James G. Morris, of Barton upon Humber, to Mifs Martinfon, daughter of the late Rev. John M. of Wifpington—Mr. Lawfon, coach- proprietor, of Stamford, to Mifs Norton, of Wansford.Jofeph Andrews, gent. of the Eat India Company’s fervice, to Mifs Eliza- beth Hardwick, fecond daughter of Mr. H. miller, of Market Deeping. At Gainfborough, the Rev, C. B. Maffing- berd, vicar of Upton, to Mifs Smith, daugh- ter of John S. efq. Died,] At Eaft Stockwith, Mrs. Cambe, 71. At Fillingham, Mrs. Jackfon, wife of the Rev. Wm. J. At Brampton, Mr. James Ellis, 69, At Louth, Mrs. Allenby, reli@ of William A. efg. of North Ormiby, $7.—Mrs. Cow- lam, 60. At Ackihorpe, near Louth, Mrs, Chatter- ton, wife of Mr. C. 31, Her death was ’ Lincoinfhire—Leicefter fpire. 48? occafioned by her cloaths catching fire, in confequence of which fhe was fo dreadfully burnt, that after languifhing in great tore ment for feveral days, fhe expired. At Gainfbro’, Mifs Conley, 41.—»Mr. John Colton, 52 —-William Bainton, many years town-cryer, go, At Keddington, near Louth, Mr. Skepton, 73- He was walking in his fon’s grounds, when he fuddenly feli down and expired. At Lincoln, Mrs. Colton, wife of Mr. C. fen, 84.—-Mrs. Blakey, wife of Mr. John B, —Theophilus Thomas, ferjeant of the 7th regiment light dragoons, 26. At Stamford, Mr. Edward Fardell, butcher, §6.—Suddenly, Mr. Bartholomew Richard} fon, 54.——Mr. Chriftopher Fairchild, 57. He had been thirty-five years clerk to the col- leétors of Excife for Grantham diftria. At Witham Place, Bofton, John Boyfield, gent. late of Quadring Edike, At Grantham, Mr, Tunnard, of the Blue Horfe public houfe.—Suddenly, Mr. Cols lingwood, formerly mafter of the Peacock, —Mr. D. Lely, of Barkfton, 25, At Reavefby Abbey, Mrs. Grantham, wife of John Peters G. efq.. At Bofton, Mrs, Blaydwin, a maiden lady, ee At Eaft Kirkby, Mr. John Carter. Above five hundred guineas in fpecie were found tied up in his houfe, in parcels of five guie neas each, LEICESTERSHIRE. Married.] At Sipfon, Mr. R. Higginfon, hofier, of Leicefter, to Mifs H. Chapman, fecond daughter of the late Mr. George ©, of Upton.—-Mr. Thomas Ward, grazier, of Queenborough, to Mifs M. Beadman, of Great Glenn. Died.}] At Syfton, Mifs Winton, the eldeft danghter uf Mr, George H. of Sax- by, a moft amiable young jady. She went to keep the anniverfary of her birth-day, which completed her 21 year, on the Saturday preceding. On Sunday the com- plained of illne(s, which turned out to beg brain fever, and unfortunately ‘he obtaineg an opportunity of throwing herielf out of the upper windows of a high houfe, bot ad not appear to have broken any limbs, She furyived until the Tuefday following, wiris intervals of compoiure, when {fhe exoprefted her moft perfect refignation and affurauce of Future blifs. ania At Leicefter, James Blakeficy, efq. one of the partners in the Hinckley Benk.— Mog, Bird, relict of Mr, Richard 6. many years printer of the Coventry Mercury.—Mar Hands, glazier. —Miis Chaplin, niece of Mr. Db. Cooke, attorney —Mrs. Bruce, wite of Mr. B. coach proprietor. ; At Great Wigfton, Mr. William Goodrich, fell-monger, 74. At North Kilworth, Mrs. Stoue, wife of Edward S. efg. At 488 At Sheepfhead, Mr. John Garratt, farmer and grazier. At Coleorton, Mr. John Hancock, hatter. STAFFORDSHIRE. Married.] At Hasdiworch,’ Mr. Jofeph Medley, éldeft fon of Mr, Richard M. of Weltbromwich, to Mifs Mary Fallerd. At Lichfield, Mr. Salt, furgeon, to Mrs. Morgan. Died.] At Lichfield, Mrs, Bickley, wife of Mr. 3. At Wolverhampton, Mr. John Scott, brafs founder. At Adderley Green, near Lane End, Mr. Stephen Aftbury. WARWICKSHIRE, Marricd.] At Coventry, Mr. Thomas Smith, grocer, to Mifs Zilla Bennett Fitch, late of Buckingham.—Mr. Samuel Gilbert, to Milfs Elizabeth Edmonds. At Birmingham, Mr. John Haughton, 25, to Mifs Lydia Partridge, 70, both of Perry Bars, Staffordfhire.x—-The Rev. John Drake Wainwright, vicar of Alrewas, Stafford- fhire, to Mrs. Holland, late of Heath Houfe, Fradley. At Afton, Mr. James Lambley, to Mifs S, Booth, daughter of Mr. B. of. Sutton Cold- field.—-Lieutenunt Craddock, of the rsth foot, to Mifs Slaney, youngeft daughter of the late Rev. Jonas S. of Brifcole Hall, Staffordfhire. Died. | At Lady Grove, near Birmingham, Mr. Edward Field, gg. At Warwick, Mrs. Bailey, formerly of the Tuns—Dr. Lander, a phyfician, who has long praftifed here with great fuccefs. | At Folefill School, Mrs. Sharp, relié of Mr. S. 71. At Solihull, Mrs, Harding, reli of Judd Hi, efq. 78, At Birmingham, Mr. Ford.—Mr. Wm. Allport, fen.—Suddenly, Mr. Joho Brettle. —Mir. R. Sleath, who kept the turnpike- gate at Worcefter, when his Majefty paid a ifit to Bithop Hurd, and would not fuffer the retinue to pals without peying: he was afterwards called ** the mag who ftopped the King.” The following Impromptu, has-been occafioned by his death + On Wednefday lat, old Robert Sleath, Pats’d thro’ the Turnpike-pate of Death ; To him would De.th no ¢o// abate, Who ttopp’d the King at Woriter Gare. — Mrs. Clhorne, »relidt of Samuel O. efg. of Sutton. ; At Coventry, Mrs. Bird, reli of Mr. Richard B.—Mis. Worcefter, wife of Mr, Charles W. hofier. SHROPSHIRE. Married} At Cloverley, T. W. Glaze- brook, efq. of Stourton Caftle, to Mifs Wilkes, of Dalicott. At Shrewibury, Mr, Richard Collins, dra- per and ialefman, lron Biidge, Coalbrook Staffrrdpbire—Warwick fbire—Shroppire, Se. [Dec. 1, Dale, to}Mifs Efther Reynolds, of Quarry Place. At Ofweftry, Mr. Rice Roberts, to Mifs William. Died.] At Shrewfbury,. Mr. H. Antro- bus, many years a faithful fervant to Mr. Crump, mercer.—-Mrs. Humphreys, of St. ~ Alkmonda's, vicerage-houfe —-Mr. Richard Cartwright, many years keeper of the jail for this county. At Priors Lee, Witliam Bifhton, efq. At Ford, Mrs, Gough, wife é6f Mr. G, At Ludiow, Mrs. Aingell. At Culmington, Mrs. Williams, At Wem, Mrs Hilditch, wifeof Mr H, of the Bull’s Head inn Thomas Dicken, efq. who in 1749 ferved the office of high theriff for the county. At Marlow, near Ludlow, John Little- hales, efq. 51. At Brockton, near Bifhop’s Caftle, fud- denly, Mrs. Sayre, At the Windmill, near Ellefmere, Mr. Dawes. WORCESTERSHIRE, Married.) At Bilockley Chnrch, Mr. Francis Whitecroft, to Mifs Hodges, only daughter of Mr. H. of Paxford. ‘ At Old Swinford, the Rev. John Kentith, to Mfs Kettle, younger daughter of the late John Kettle, efq. of Birmingham. At Wolverley, John Smith, efq. of Blakefhall, to Mrs. Boraflon, widow of the Rev. Mr. B, Mr. Adams, furgeon, of Evefham, to Mits Kliptch, of Hampton. At Worcefter, the Rev. Samuel Mifter, B. D. fellow of St. John’s coliege, Oxford, _ to Mifs De la Motte, only daughter of the late lieut. col. De la Motte, of Batsford, Glouce fterthire, : Died.] At Malvern, John Saunders, efq. of Leadenhall-ftreet, London. : At Bromfgiove, Mr. Wm. Hope, merly a brandy merchant of that place. AtEdvin, Mrs. Smith, reli€t of Mr. S, late of Mathon, 83. At Wichenford, Mr. Hodges, 60. At Tenbury, Thomas Patterfhall, gent. 88. “ At Longdon, Wm. Wrenford, efg. 74. He was one of the clde& magiftrates and de- puty-liewtenants of thiscounty: on the raif- ing of the Worcefterfhire militia he was ap- pointed toa company, and was afterwards promoted to the rank of major. At Worcefter, Mr. Mathews, cooper.— Mr. Knowles, of the Tything, 72.—Mr. Armell Green, late ef Upton Snodbury, 85. —Mr. Roe, collar-maker. At Lambeth, near London, Mr. Benja- min Hudion, linen-draper, of the Old Jewry, and formerly of Worcefter. Arbong. other legacies, he has bequeathed to the infirmary of that city sol. and to the parifhes of St. Swithia and St. Martin 2ol, each, for the laudable for- 1805.] laudable purpofe of putting out poor childrep apprentices. At Wichenferd Court, Mrs. Eliz. Sur- man, wife of Mr. John S. 23. At Ryall, near Upton, Mr..Wm,. Ma- thews, 75. °°! At Dudley, Charles Roberts, efq. agent for Lord Dudiey’s mines. HEREFORDSHIRE. Among the Michaelmas premiuina ad- judged by the Hereford Agricultural Society were the following :—1. Belt two-year-old heifer, Mr. Jefiries, of the Grove, Pem- bridge. 2. Beft three-year-old ditto, Mr Stevens, of Cotmore. 3. Beft new variety of the apple raifen from the feed, T.°A. Knight, efg. 4: The premium for the beft pen of fine-woolled ewes was awarded to Mr. Hudfon, of Hom-Lacy;. but it appearing that he had not fully complied with the re- gulations required by the Society, the fame was finally adjudged to John Kedward, efg. Married.| At Ledbury, Mr. D.B. Webb, of Oldham, near Manchefter, to Mifs Eliz. Beddoe. At Abbeydore, Mr. Daniel Pierce, to Mifs Morgan. Died.| At Hereford, Mrs. Eleanor Jones, 79-—Jofeph Brown, efg. formerly of Cattle-. ton, 68. At Canon Bridge, Mr. John Powell. GLOUCESTERSHIRE. Married.| At Stroud, Mr. James Hariis, of the Box, near Hampton, to Mifs Sarah Olborne, eldeft daughter of Mr. Charles O. of the Thrap.—Mr. John Griffiths, attor- ney atlaw, of Hampton Lodge, near Here- ford, to MifsCrump, niece of the late John Hollings, efq. At Cheltenham, the Rev. Mr. Skillicorne, of Surndon, Wilts, to Mifs Ballinger, of Cheltenham. At Tewkefbury, Mr. Phillips, ‘corn- dealer, of Birmingham, to Mifs Paget.’ At Painfwitk, D..Hayward, efq. of Lon- don, to Mifs 8. Loveday. Died.) Thomas Walker, efq of Redland, néar Briftol; formerly a ceptain in the Eaft India Company’sfervice. 4. He was an ac- tive and able magiltrate of the county of Gloucefter, and eminently ufeful in his néighbourhocd, .Ever promoting the dignity of virtue and religion within the {phere of his magiftracy, he gained the confitence and efeem of thofe who confulted him. Poflef- fing a noble and independent mind, .-he diftri- buted juftite impartially to all. He was alike diftinguithed by his private virtues aud by his public fpirit. Did a tumultuous af- fembly exift he was foremoft to queil it; and by an animated exhortation to peace and or- der, he fent home the populace wifer and better by his advice and inftructions. Inthe times of dearth and {carcity he was exempla- ry in the aéts of humanity and benevolence, sand was both a chearful and liberal benefac- tor tothe poor, as well in pubiic as in pri- Montuary Mag. No. 136. Ferefordpoire—Gloucefterfpire—-Oxfordfbire, Sec. 489 vate. His manners were gentle and unaf- fuming ; and long will he be remembered, and his lofs regretted, by every one who en- joyed the happinefs of his friendfhip, more efpecially by the poor, who continually par- took of his bounty. The writer of this ar- ticle knew him well, and affifted him in dif- fufing his private charities to the furrounding poor, in food, in clothing, and in coals. In grateful teftimony of the friendfhip he pof- fefied, he feels a confolation in offering this juft and laft tribute to his memory. At Gloucefter, Mrs. Wicks, relic of the late Rev. Mr. W, minor canon of the cathe- dral.—Mr. John Hobbs.—Mr. W. Hardy, fecond fon of Mr. Wm. H. mercer. At Stroud, Mrs. Ann Houlton, 60. At Guerfhill Houfe, Mr. Richard Morfé. At Chipping Sodbury, Mrs. Courtier,” At Brown’s Hill, Mr. Jofeph Cambridge, elothier. At Stinchcomb, near Durfley, Mifs Sarah Sims, daughter of Mr. Jofeph S, maltfter. On his paflage to St. Helena, Mr. Mark Roch, fon of George R. efq. of Woodland, in the parith of Almondfbury, in this county. At Highnam, near Gloucefter, of the gout in his ftomach, Mr. John Trigg. At Longhope, Captain John Stephens, 63. OXFORDSHIRE. Died.] At ¥Enflow Mill, near Bletching- doa, Mr. John Tuckwell, 85. At Oxford, Mr. Ridge, 69.—Mrs. Eliza~ beth Seekbam, 70.—Mr. William Robinfon, upholder cnd auétioneer, and one of the com- mon council, 51.—The' Rev. Robert Holmes, ,D. D. dean of Winchefter, and reGtor of Stanton St. john, in this county. At Kidlington, Mr. Jofeph Cox. Mifs Chaplin, daughter of Mr. W. Chap~ lin, late of Watlington. NOR THAMPTONSHIBE. Marricd.] -At Hillmorton, Mr. James Smith, to Mifs Marcha Johnfon. | At Welton, che Rev. Thomas Pettatt, of Southrop Houfe, Gloucefterfhire, to Anne Frances, eldeft daughter of the late John Clarke, efq of Welton Place. Mr. John Sibley, of Harrington, to Mifs Tongue, of Rathwell. Died.| At St. Martin’s, Stamford Baron, Mr. Samuel Gooud, jon. 24. At Northampton, Mrs. Cox, wife of Mr. Henry C, CAMBRIDGESHIRE, Married] At Cambridge, Mr. Richard Baker, to Mrs, Fortin, miftrefs of the Bell public-houfe. Mr. Robert Ivatt, of Cottenham, farmer andmiller, to Milfs Watfon, daughter of the late Mr. James W. Mr. Robert Edwards, of Fordham, Mifs Rebecca Shinn, of Cambridge. Mr. Wilfon, of Wifbeach, to Mifs Howley of Peterborough. Dicd.] At Cambridge, Mrs, Sarab Ingrey, 32 a maiden to 490 a maiden lady, 63.——-Mre, Kendall, widow of the Rey. Mr. K. vicar of Chefhall, Effex, and formerly of King’s college, in this uni- verfit At Stapleford, Mrs, Atkinfon, mother of the Rev. Mr, A. of that place. NORFOLK. Married.] At Yarmouth, Mr. John Colls, merchant, to Mits Ann Weeds, daughter of the late Captain W. At Burnham, James Monroy efq. of Had- ley, Middlefex, to Mifs Caroline Martin, youngeft daughter of Sir Mordant M. Bart. of Burnham—Mr. James Coker, to Mifs Elizabeth Hopfon, daughter of William H. efq. of North Elmham.—Mr. Jofeph Cock, wine-merchant, of Norwich, to Mifs Bever- ley, daughter of Mr. Michael B. of Tib- benham.—Mr. William Weatherhead, fur- geon of Shibdarn, to Mifs Salter, of Whin- bergh.—Andrew Fountaine, efg. of Narford, to Mifs Penrice, eldeft daughtes of Mr. Thomas P. furgeon, the refiduary legatee, under the will of the late Lord Chedworth At Norwich, Mr. Benjamin Johnion, ho- fier, of Cheapfide, London, to Mifs Sarah Stacy, fecond daughter of Mr. George S. druggift. Died.] At Swaffham, Mr. Emerfon, fur- geon. At Yarmouth, Mr. Thomas Martin, en eminent butcher. At Scarning, Mifs Mary Redgment, daugh- ter of Mr Robert R. 20. At Fakenham, Mr. William Cornith, brazier.—-Mrs, Soppings —The Rev. Edward White, re&tor of Hockwold, and vicar of Wilton, in this county. At Wells, Mrs. Bloom, wife of Captain J, G.B. of the Wells volunteer infantey. At Lakenham, Mrs. Chalker, wite of Mr. C. of the Pruffia Gardens. At Lyon, Mr. Mugridgs, 63. At Great Bircham, Mrs. Blyth, reli& of Mr. Henry B. 74. At Norwich, Mr. Robert Edwards, 86 — Mrs. Delight, reli of Mr. Ezekiel D. go— Mifs Anne Akers, daughter of Mr. Charles A. 20.—Mrs. | Nurfey, 60.—Mrs. Anne - Flamwell, 56.—Mr. Thomas Thompfon, corn and coal merchant, of King Street, and one of the nominees of that ward.—Tobn Worhhip, efy. lord of the manor of Run- han. SUFFOLK. Ata general meeting of maltfers and makers of malt, refiding within the county of Sut- folk, held at the White Hart Inn, Stow- market, on Monday the 4th day of Novem- ber, 180s, mm order to take into confideration the propriety of petitioning Parliament for the repeal of that part of the Act of 42d Geo. 3a. prohibiting the watering or iprinkling grain m aking into male upon the floor ; and alfo for removing the doubts at prefent en- tertained concerning the right of appealing to the Juftices in Quarter Seflions, from con- Norfelk—Suffelk— Ef. [Dec. 1, viétion by. two Magiftrates, it was unani- moufly refolved, that, in order to obtain redrefs of the grievances above-mentioned, a petition fhould be prefented for that purpofe to the Houfe of Commons. A petition was accordingly drawn up and approved, and a fub{cription was entered into for defraying the expences of this application, Married.| Charles Collett, efq. of Wal- ton, to Mifs C. Lynch, daughter of the late W. Lynch, efa. of Ipfwich.—Mr. Ely, mer- chant, of Wood Lodge, to Mifs Tailer, daughter of J. B. Tailer, efq. of Stownpland. At Woodbridge, the Rev, Henry Craven Ord, chaplain to his royal highnefs the Priece of Wales, to Mifs Roper, daughter of the late Mr. R. of Elden. At Redenhall, Mr. Wayth, attorney at law, of Eye, to Mrs. French, widow of Mr, J. F. furgeon of Harlefton. Mr. John Crifp, merchant, of Beccles, to Mifs Prentice, eldeft daughter of Mr. J. P. manufacturer, of Bungay. Dicd.j At Brandon, Mr. James Darkins, 61. At Beccles, Mr, Edward Arnold, currier and tanner, 64. ’ At Long Melford, Mrs. Leroo, wife of the Rev. Mr. L. re€tor of that parifh. - At Felixftow, Mr. Quilter, chief conftable of Colneis Hundred. At Bury, Mifs Mary Smith, daughter of Mr. S.—Mr. Brenn, bricklayer, §2,—Mr. Abbot, formerly of Horning theath. At Pakenham, Mrs. Punchard, wife of Mr. Charles P. At Sorningfheath, Mr. Edward Blundell, youngeft fon of Mr. James B. of Layton- ftone, Effex, 17. At Wefthorpe Hall, gent. 61. At Wattisfield, Mr: Thomas Youngman, yarn-maker, 71. The Rev. Peter Edge, reétor of Weybread and Nedging, and perpetual curate of St. Mary atthe Elms, in Ipfwich. At Bottefdale, Mrs. Bond, wife of Mr. B. keeper of the New Bridewell, ESSEX. Married.| At Prittlewell, J: Bennet, efq. of Clapham, Surry, to Mils Coval, of South sa Robert Raynberd, t Waithamftow, the Rev. Charles Wil. Farha) of Ealing, to Mifs Jackfon, of Hough- toutecEnting, Durham.—=Jofeph Reeve, jun. efg. of Bocking, to Mifs Blakeley, of Mun- don. Died} At Birchanger, Mrs. Elizabeth Patmore, widow.of Mr. J. P. 77. At her interment her children, to the number of eighteen, followed her remains to the grave. There is a fingular coincidence of circum- ftances between the above Mrs. Patmore and her hufband’s niece, Mrs. Trott. They have both had eighteen children; Mrs. Patmore, | ten girls and cight boys; Mrs. Trott, ten boys and eight girls ; who all arrived at the age 18050] age of maturity. They were both widows, lived in the fame parifh, and both their huf- bands were farmers, Mrs. Trott is ftill liv- ing. At Witham, Mr. Frazer, of the White Hart Inn. At Dover Court, Mrs. Clements, reliét of James C. efq. agent of his Majefty’s pott office packets at Harwich. At High Laver, the Rev. Mr. Budworth, reGtor of that pariih. At Ingateftone Hall, the Rev. Thomas Berrington. At Chelmsford, Mifs S. Croffingham, fe- cond daughter of the late Mr. Cc, collar- maker, 19. At South-End, Highbury Grove, 66. At Colchefter, Mrs. Mills, wife of Mr. M. banker, 70.---Mr. William Cant, an afliftant in the corporation of this borough. At Braintree, Mrs. Paine, a maiden lady, Si. - At Rayleigh, Mr. William Goodman. KENT. A large tra&t of “wafte land, on the north of the road leading to Shooter’s Hill, is en- clofing and clearing by government, and an Mrs. Thornborrow, of extenfive range of ftables for fick artillery - horfes is now building on it. Marricd.| At Beckenham, Lieutenant Co- jonel J. Willoughby Gordon, of the 92d regiment, fecretary to his royal highnefs the Commander in Chief, to Mifs Bennett. At Maidftone, Mr. Lifes, of the boarding fchool, Cranbrook, to Mifs 4, Bates, daugh- ter of Mr. B. of the Bull Inn. At Erith, Mr E. Woodford, of the Falcon Tavern, Gravefend, to Mifs E. Morris, of Greenwich. At Canterbury, Mr. John Townfend, of London, upholfterer, to Mifs Sophia Sankey, youngelt daughter of the late Mr. Thomas S. grocer. ¢ Died.] At Hallingbourn, Mrs. Barham 3 and a few days afterwards, her huiband, Mr, Uriah B. At Dover, Mr. Knight Collin, brewer, 63. At Prefton, Mr. John Reader, late of Mar- gate. At Canterbury, Mrs. Taffell, late of Herne. —Henry, fon of William Peft, efg.—Mrs. Abigail Jones, widow of Mr.John J. 55.—Mr. Charles Friend, many years fword-beater to the corporation. Mifs Skeats, daughter of Mr. S. organift of the cathedral. —Sir James Malcolm, #art. lately Lieutenant-Governor of Sheernefs. At Blackheath, Richard Hulfe, efq. bro- ther to the late, and uncle to the prefent Sir Edward H. bart. 79. At Rochefter, Thomas Hulkes, efq. fen. alderman of that city. At Sheldwich, Mr. John Walker, many years fteward to Lord Sondes, At Brompton, Mr. Daniel Deverfon, 93.— Mr. Thomas Sugden, many years one of the Kent—Surrey—Suffex. ‘for this county, 84, AQ1 chief clerks in Chatham dock-yard, but who had been for fome time fuperannuated.—-Mr. William Berry, many years converter of timber in Chatham dock-yard. At Tunbridge, Mrs. Porter, relict of Mr. Thomas P. At Athford, Mr. Thomas Shindler, brewer. At Chatham, Mrs. Berry, 77- At Boxley, Mr. John Ropers, 69. At Barbadoes, of the yellow fever, Mr. Richard Stephens, ftore-keeper on board the Agincourt, late of the Storekeeper’s Office in Chatham Dock-yard. At Margate, Mifs Harriet Murley, ‘of Kenfington, 20. At Tenterden, Mr. Richard Fugle, fen. 77« At Folkfone, Mrs. Bateman, wife of Mr. John B. furgeon. SURREY. Married] At Reigate, J. Piper, ef4. of Kenfley, to Mils Price, eldeft daughter of R. Price, efq. of Woodhatch. Dicd.| At Ripley, Mrs, Tringham, wife of —— T. efq. At bis fon*s houfe, Norbury, T. Coles, efg. of Addington Park. Of an apopleétic fit, —— Shave, efqs many years a magiftrate and receiver-general He was in perfect health the preeeding day, and performing the duties of his office. @USSEX. In preparing for the foundation of the new church, at Lewes, it became neceflary to difturb the mouldering bones of the long de- funct 3 and, in the profecution of that un- avoidable buGinefs, a leaden coffin was taken up, which, on being opened, exhibited the complete. fkeleton of a body that had been interred about fixty years, whofe leg and thigh bones, to the utter aftonifhment of all prefent, were covered with myriads of flies (of a fpecies perhaps totally unknowa to the naturalift) as ative and ftrong on the wing as gnats flying in the air, on the fineft even- ing in fummer, The wings of this non- _defcript are white, and for diftin@tion’s fake the fpeétators gave it the name of the coffin- fly. The lead was perfeétly found, and pre- fented not the leaft chink or crevice for the admiffion of air, The moifture of the flefh had not yet left the bones, and the fallen beard lay on the under jaw. Married.]’ Mr. Poole, jun. of Stanmery to Mifs Payne, daughter of Mr. Trayton P. of Lewes. ; Mr. Folter, of Albourne, to Mifs Hol- man, of Wick Farm, » ¥ Mr. Sadler, of Lavant, to Mifs Ano Brown, of Houghton, : Died.| At Brighton, Mr. Wm. Newing- ton, draper.—Mr. W. A. Henwood, mattec of the New inn and hotel, é‘ At Chichefter, Mrs. Smith, reliét of the Rev. C. Smich, reétor of Stoke, 73.—Mr. G. Blagden, 84, 3 Re HAMPSHIRE. 4092 HAMPSHIRE.’ Married] At Lymington, Mr. William Drawbridge, to Mifs Murfeil. At Stoneham, near Southampton, Dr, Ro- bert Lindoe, late of Millman-ftreet, and phyfician to the Surrey Difpenfary, to Mifs Baker, of Bath, daughter to the late Rev. —— Baker, of Hampihire. At Andover, Mr. George Barnes, land- furveyor, to Mifs Parfons. At Winchefter, Mr. John Holdaway, to Mrs. Knight, widow of Mr. K. Portfmouth carrier.—-Mr, Samuel Jenkins, to Mifs Sa- rah Kerby. At Stoke Church, near Gofport, Mr. If- yael Mabbs, to Mifs Coufens.—Capt. Cum- mins, of the firft garrifon battalion, to Mifs Boyton, eldeftdaughter of Lieutenant B. Died.] At Andover, Mrs. Eliz. Lance, daughter of the Iate W. Lance, efq, one of the commi(flioners for victualling his Majefty’s navy. : At Fawley, Wm. Bradby, efq. : Mrs. Catharine Louifa Adams, daughter of the late Lieutenant-Colonel Robert, of Standen Houfe, Ifle of Wight, 27. At Portfmouth, Mr. Jehn Groffmith, fon of Mr. G. paftry-cook, 17.—Mrs. Moun- tain, wife of Mr. M. filverfmith.—Mrs. Eaft- man, wife of Mr E. upholfterer. At Havant, Mrs. Siiverlock, wife of Mr. $. mercer. At Winchefter, Mr. John Lipfcomb, clerk of Hyde-ftreet church. At Titchfield, Mrs. E. Thompfon, lady of Rear-Admiral T. - At Romfey, ferjeant Byers, of the 21 regiment of infantry, or Royal Scotch Fufi- leers. He was walking in Phenix-ftreet, in company with another ferjeant of the fame regiment, when the pkir-horfe-coach from Salifbury to Southampton entered the ftreet, and being without lamps, and driven very faft, ferjeant Byers did not perceive his danger till he was knocked down by one of the horfes. Unfortunately, his fword-belt was entangled In partof the harnefs, which caufed him to be dragged feveral yards, and on the belt giving way, his head fell under the wheel, and was fo cruthed as to caufe his immediate death. WILTSHIRE, Married{ At Market Lavirgton, T. Fowle, gent. to Mifs Legge. At Trowbridge, G. P. Alner, efq, to Mifs Bell, only daughter of James B,efq. At Salifbury, J. Bifhop, efq. of Bath, to * Mrs. Norton.—Mr. J. Judd, of Winterflaw; to Mrs, Mervedith.—-Mr. Robert Anderfon, of Landgibby, Monmouthfhire, to Mifs Mary Alexander. : , At Heytefbury, Mr. George Barnes, to Mifs Martha Richardfon, both of Knook.-Wm. Griffith, efg.to Mrs. G. Barnes, widow of the late Dr. B, At Wilton, Mr. W. R. Biake, of War- gainer, to Mifs Sarah Stone, | , Hampfoire—Wilthire. [Dec. 1; At Nunton, Mr. James Rogers, of Week Farm, to Mifs Fanftone, only daughter of Mr. F. upholiterer, of Downton. Died.| At Bradford, the Rev. Jofeph Dickenfon Nicklin, A. M. At Chippenham, Michael Jones, efq. of Bath, 8o. At Downton, Mrs. Witt, wife of Mr. W. tailor. At Salifbury, Mrs. Fifher, wife of Mr. F. furgeon and apothecary.—Mr. Lawrence, carpenter. At Stratford under the Caftle, Mr. Rich- ard Frowde, an eminent farmer, formerly of Kingfton Deverell. At Syrencot, Milfs S. Dyke, daughter of Wm. D. efq. At Whaddon Farm, near Salifbury, Mr. John Reft. At Tarrant Hinton, Mr. fohn Hill. At Fifherton Anger, Mr. Thomas Carter. At Langford, Mr. ‘John Brothers, 7a. He had been 40 years bailiff in the family of Wm. Mudge, efq. Suddenly, at Hill’s Court, near Salifbury, a young lady of fome diftin@tion, whofe name was kept a profound fecret. Her remains were interred, in a genteel ftyle, in the ca- thedral church. The circumftances refpeét-' ing her were rather fingular and myfterious : her converfation expreffed a deep anxiety of mind, which, in all probability, tended to af- fe& her body, and precipi-ate her end. Her manners were accomplifhed, and her perfon delicate. She came to Salifbury about a month before, ina pregnant ftate, and was delivered of a daughter a few hours before her deceafe. She appeared to have fome pre- fentiment of her approaching diffolution ; for the evening . previous to her death, {peaking to a domeftic, the faid, ‘* Ihave the fame chance as others, but if I die, let me buried in the great church.” The laft words the uttered were, “ take care of the babe.” The initials on her coffin were S. W. Mr. James Wigmore, fenior, a refpefable farmer at Knoyle. He was found murdered, on the read between Stockbridge and Win- chefter, about a mile and a half fromthe former place. Heé had been to Winchefter with a load of cheefe for the fair, and was returning on horfeback ia the evening, when it is fuppofed he was ftopped by footpads, and that on his refufing to deliver his money they fired at him, a ball having paffed through his body, which, from its dire&tion, was evidently fired by fome perfon on foot. The body had Jain fome hours onthe road, and was quite cold and ftiff. when difcovered by a fhepherd early in the morning. His horfe was at a little diftance in a field. The body was removed to Stockbridge, where an inqueft was taken by the coroner. Verdict -—Wilful murder by fome perfon unknown. The body wag removed to Knoyle, and buried there Mr, Wigmore has left a widow and nine children. ‘There is yet no clue to dif- cover 1805.) cover the perpetrators of this deed.—They did not effeét their purpofe of robbeiy, as Mr. W.’s property was all found on him. BERKSHIRE. From a Report of the Committee of the Reading Medical Difpenfary, it appears that the total receipts of that inftitution, includ- ing the balance in hand, from Odtober 8, 1804, to Oftober 15, 1805, was 272], 198. 3 the expences duriag the fame period were 1361. 1s. 1d.—Ofi the receipts the fum of 1171. 2s. has been invefted in the funds, and the balance remainjng in hand is 1gl. 15s. x44. —The number of patients admitted was 481 ; cured, 313 ; relieved and incurable, 42; dif- miffed for non-attendance, 173 fent to a workhoufe, 15 5 dead, 24; on the books, 46; not reported, 24. Married.| St Warfield, Mr. Rackftraw, of Bracknall, to Mrs. Churchmaa, relict of Mr, C., being the third time they have each appeared before the hymeneal altar. Died.] At Egham, the Rev. J. Liptrort, upwards of thirty-three years vicar of that parifh, 73. At Newbury, Mr. Jofeph Poor, broker, 70. At Abingdon, Mr. Jolin Merry, fhoe- maker, 43: At Reading, Mifs Jane Higgs, third daughter of Mr. William Simonds H.—Mrs, Edmunds. —Mrs, Gibbs.—Mr. Henry Finch, At Foreft Farm, near Windfor, Mrs. Squire, 74. At Windfor, fuddenly, Mr. Henry Whittle, a few years fince one of the pro- priezors of fome of the Reading coaches. At Langford, Mifs Ann \Hart, eldeft daughter of the Rev. James Johnfon, 15. At Berry Head, Captain Robert Deane, of the royal artillery. At Wallingford, the Rev. John Scoolt, rec- tor of St. Leonard’s, SOMERSETSHIRE. By the Report of the Special ‘Committee of the fubfcribers and friends to the Briftol Infirmary, it appears that the fum of 10,000). has been already raifed as a fund, the intereft of which is to be appropriated towards the Yupport of the enlarged acconimodations of the new wing ; and that new and increafed annual fubfcriptions have been obtained to the amount of 4$4l. per.annum ; and, al- though this latter fum falls far fhort of what will be required to fupport the new wing, they are confident that the deficiency will be fpeedily fupplied, when it in known that one additional ward is even now opened, and that the new wing will be prepared for the recep- tion of patients with a!l poffible expedition. — At the meeting held on the 31ft of Oétober it was refolved that a building-committee be immediately formed, with full power to carry into execution the original plan of the build- ing, by erecting the Jeft wing. arried.\ At Briftol, Mr. Charles Froft, Berkire—Somerfetfhire. 493 to Mifs Mary-Ann Cooper.—The Reverend Richard Owen, minifter of the Baptift meet- ing at Southampton, to Mifs Chambers, daughter of Colone) C., of St. Elizabeth’s, Jamaica, — Francis Fagar, efq., of the 31 regiment of foot, to Mifs Powell, eldeft daughter of the late John P., efq., of Domi- nica, At Bath, Captain C. Turner, of the 23d light-dragoons, Aid-de-Camp to General Floyd, to Mifs Stevenfon, eldeft daughter to the Rev. the Dean of Kilfenora. At Dulvertoa, Mr. {. Pearce, of Cloak- - lane, London, to Mils Kent, only daughter of the late Thomas K.,efq., of Timberf- combe, At Lympfton, John Coffins, efq, late fur- geon on the ftail for the weftern diftri&, to the Hon. Mifs Tuchett, daughter to Lord Audley. At Eaft Harptree, Mr. Trevelyan, to Mrs. Wright, reiiét of the lare Robert W., efq. At Burnham, William Parker, jun., efq., of Bridgewater, to Mifs Jane Dodd, daughter of fohn D., gent. Died] At Bath, Mrs. Price. —™rs. Jef- ferys fifter to P. George, efq., town-clerk, | 44—Mrs Sarah Jack(on, widow of the Bi- fhop of Kildare, 77. — Mifs Anne Lee.—In' the Blue Alms, Mr, William Hamten, for- merly a very ingenious watchmaker of this city. He was admirably well informed in ya- rious branches of the mathematics ; and the celebrated Herfcinel always acknowledged his obligations to famlen tor his firft ideas on the conftruction and improvement of his te- lefcopes, — The Rev. Dr. Dring, of the county of Cork.—Tbe truly Reverend Daniel Dumarefg, D.D., predendary of Sarum and Wells, and rector of Yeovilton, in tbis coun- ty, 94. Perhaps the uniform conduét of ne tran in this or any country in the world came nearer to that of the primitive Chrif- tians in the Apoftolic age, than that of this venerable” divine’during lis long’ protracted life.—Mrs. Mercy Doddridge, daughter of the celebrated Rev. Dr. Doddridge.—Henry, the third fon of Genry White, efq.—Mrs. Chap- man, reli& of Dr. C., mafter of Magdalen Coilege, Cainbridge, and prebendary of Dur~ ham, 84. — Mrs. Gunter, wife of Mr. G., grocer, 63.—Mrs, Edy Davis, reli of Mr- D., formerly a cooper of this city. At Briftol, Mr. Biggs. —Mrs. David Jones, fon of Mr. J., furgeon. — Samuel Worrall, efq—Mrs Dighton, wife of Mr. D.—MiG Eliza Ellis.—Mr. Evans, of Pucklechurch, Gloucefterhhire, in confequence of a violence blow he received on the head, occafioned by the rearing up of his horfe, as he was endea- vouring to ride through a door-way.—Mrs. Loraine. — Mr. George, umbrella. manvfac- turer, — Mrs, Bull, mother of Captain T- Williams —Mrs, Ven, only daughter of Mr. Jofeph Pratten.—Mr. Gilling, of Cheddar. Mr. Robert Bayly, 73.—Mr. Luke Wilmot. Captain Joho filly, of the [relawny, of this ° 404 this port. His death was oceafioned by over exertion in Jamaica, in endeavouring to pre- ferve that iflandfrom the invafion of the ene- my- He was a tender and indulgent hufband, 2 fincere Chriftian, and a ftri€tly honeft man. In the prime of life, Mrs. Turner, wife of John Turner, efg., of Ley, in Cadbury. Riding from the houfe of her brother, the Rev. john Barne, of Butterleigh, ona double horfe, the animal farted and threw her. She owas taken up fpeechleis, and continued fo till the died. At Chepftow, Mr. Daniel Thurfton. At Taunton, John Cowper, efq., of Brif- sol. DORSETSHIRE. Married.] At Fontmell, Mr. Wm. Pope, 70, to Mifs Moore, of Motcombe, 57.—Mr. Edward Sturney, of Chaldron Herring, to Mifs Harriet Swyer, niece of John Barnes, .efg. of Hamborough Houfe, near Lulworth. At Bridport, Samuel Rendall, efq. of Hin- ton St. George, Somerfet, to Mifs Bradford. Died.| At Sutton Waldron, Mrs. Applin. At Dorchefter, Mrs. Baker, wife of Mr. B. auctioneer. At Froom Billet, John Gould, efq. At Marnhull, Eliz. Young, a poor woman, 103. At Kingfland, in the parith of Netherbury, My. Hood, father of the late Capt. Alex. H. and of Capt. Sir Samuel H. K.B. At Herringftone, near Dorchefter, fuddenly, James Naylor, a ftone-fawyer. In his pockets were found by his mafter, Mr. Slade, 28 gui- ficas, and 32 half guineas. _ At Netherbury, Mrs. Adams, 91.—Mr. Thomas Bryant, 84. At Sherborne, Major Erle Hawker, 67. His youth was fpent in the fervice of his king and country; and his decline of life, in aéts of kindnefs and benevolence to all around him. His relatives and numerous friends will deeply lament the lofs they have fuftained, though the placid manner in which he left this life muft give them the fureit-hope that he has changed it for a life eternab. DEVONSHIRE. The foreft of Dartmoor, under direction of ol. Tyrrwhitt, by the Printe of Wales’s orders, is rapidly improving, féveral thou- fands of acres are grubbed up. for planting, and on whofe bleak and comfortlefs bogs and mountains, now only the objeé of fhivering paffengers, will foon arife neat habitable dwellings, fit for farmers and cottagers’; and many acres of barren heath will be converted into as many acres of oats, barley, bigg, and wheat, forthe benefit of fociety. His Royal Highnefs has had this bufnefs in contem- plation fome years, and js now determined to have it carried into execution. A laudable inftitution for the relief of poor diftrefled ftrangers, under the name of the fifericordia Society, exifts. at Plymouth. hat place, from its local fituation, being e of the great fea-ports of the kingdom, Dor fethire—Devonfrire—Cornwall. “to cover the expences of the year. [Dec. 1, naturally brings to it numbers of the wives, and other relations, of our failors and foldiers, to feek afterthem in their fuppofed return to the King’s port, and the confequences of the _ war have induced this in a great degree: the prefling neceflities of many a poor ftranger brought to Plymouth by thefe means, gave rife to this charity. ‘The Committee of the Mifericordia are happy to fay, that hitherto they have been enabled, from the fubfcrip- tions, to afford temporary affiftance to every cafe which hath fallen within their notice, In the prefent year, the numbers already re- lieved have amounted to near two bundred ; and from the inftitution, in 1794, to as many thoufands. But from the prefent ftate of their finances, they are forry to add, that their purfe, from tbe annual fub{criptions (and they have no other refource in any funded or landed property) is not competent In this ftate they venture to look to the generofity of the public, which, they hope, will feek with themfelves for the fame common caufe. Married.} At Exmouth, Captain Martin, of the firft regiment of Foot Guards, te Mifs Rollefton, eldeft daughter of Samuel R. efq. of the Ifle of Wight. . At Powderham church, Lord Edward So- merfet, brother to his Grace the Duke of Beaufort, to Mifs Louifa Courtenay, fifter of the Right Hon. Lord Vifcount Courtenay, of Powderham Caftle. Died.| At Teignmouth, in the prime of life, after a fevere but lingering illnefs, Ca- tharine, fecond and youngeft daughter of the eminently learned and justly celebrated Dr. Parr. Her fweetnefs of temper, foundnefs of judgment, purity of mind, and fincerity of heart, had too long endeared her to a nume- rous and highly re{pe€table circle of friends for her to be ever recolleéted without a figh. By her parents and her fifter the was too ten- deriy beloved not to be lamented beyond or- dinary means of confglation. At Chaddlewood, Mrs. Bird, reli&t of Henry B. efq. of Ridgeway. t At Stonehoufe, Mrs. Coutts, widow of the late Capt. C. of the Royal Navy, 64. CORNWALL. Married.| At Sithney, Mr. John Kendall, innkeeper, to his wife Mrs. K. having been married, it is fuppofed, ina church where the banns had not been publifhed. Died.] At Helton, Mr. James Pafcoe, trumpeter to the loyal Meneage volunteer cavalry. ” At Tregony, Mr. G. Jewell, furgeon, whofe {kill and talents in his profeffional ca- pacity will be much regretted by that neigh- bourhood. At Camborne, Mifs Richards, a lady of a moft amiable difpofition and exemplary con- duct, 49. _ Her lofs will be feverely felt, par- ticularly by thofe children of affli€tion who have fo often been foathed by her friendfhip, and relieved by her bounty. MONTHLY aad iyi . 1806. | peeing ( 495 ) MONTHLY COMMERCIAL REPORT. HE policy of government for fome years paft in their conduét towards the Weft India Colo- nies, has been extremely exceptionable, and founded upon a narrow view of the real in- terefts of the State 5 it would feem as if they were determined to exhauft the very patience of loyalty, and try to force the Colonift into fome defperate effort by the meafures uniformly adopted. Not content with levying heavy, and almoft exterminating duties on their produce, but in regulating the fupplies of fubfiftence for the Iflands, they fubject them (in war time} not unfrequently to the anticipated horrors of famine. ‘The Houfe of Affembly in Jamaica have made a very able reprefentation to the Licutenant Governor, in which they detail with unexaggerated feeling, the deplorable fituation of the Colony under thefe impolitic and ruinous regulations ; the Governor’s anfwer concedes the admiflion of the importations which they require ; but how lamentable is it, that there is not a political forefight, which is calculated by the exercife of a wife difcretion, to remedy thefe continual inconveniencies and which might be fo fatal in their refults. Though the trade of Hamburgh is opened, the markets for Weft India produce are ftild dull ; this may arife from the approach of the feafon, when the Elbe will be clofed by the froft and therefore the fhipments are fmall; the ordinary and middling kincs of coffee however are fomething higher prices at foot. Rum has advanced a little but the fale is not very brifk. The manufa&uring trade ftill continues flat, and from the few fales at the laft Ger- man fairs, is very much diftreffed, and we fear during the winter muft remain fo for the avant of markets to confume their productions. j The Batavian Government about the end of Oftober iffued an order, that all veffels having any thing on board from England fhould be detained, and prohibiting under fevere penalties the fhipment of provifions of any defcription ; alfoina report by the Secretary of Finance great rewards were offered to thofe who were ative and vigilant in difcovering and feizine Englith manufa€tures, and threatening thofe with vigorous punifhment, who were negligent or fraudulent in putting the decrees of government into execution, Thefe repeated reftri€tions and the feverity of the punifhments whema party is detected prevent any perfon hazarding his property in Holland or France ; thus we have fcarcely @ - market open tous that we canat prefent avail ourfelves: America is out of the queftion, for our manufaéturers have long fince given over crediting them; the depredations they have com- mitted and the impofitions they have prattifed, deter any man of sommon experience from trufting them with an ounce or a yard of goods without money or ample fecurity. By a communication from the American Minifter here to the refpeétive confuls of thar nation, it isannounced that our Government has granted permiflion to American veffels to en- ter Cadiz withany articles not contraband or provifions. ’ The exchange upon Hamburgh ftill declines being now 32s. gd. ; but when the trade be- comes brifk, and if Government are able to continue their remittances in fpecie it will get up, from the balances that will then be due to this country forthe goods exported. Coffee from 102s. very ordinary to 180s. very fine ; fugars, Weft India, from 703. to ro4s. ; Havannahs, from Sos. to 76s.; Eaft India, 4os.to 60s. 3 cocea, 110s. to 130s. Grenada, for exportation ; Trinidad, 145s. to 15 dredths of < ftood at 29.80, and | variation in > 16°. 3 ee ee : ee day of OGober, bot i) 3 hours. an inch, on the next day it | 24 bours. on thé Gath needa F was as high as : 1 Q 30.44. higher than 44°. ‘The quantity of rain fallen fince the laft is equal only to 1.52. inches in depth. ‘The barometer has agafn been unufually high; the average for the whole month has heen 30-152. and during the whole of the 15th and part of the 16th, it ftood at 30.69. almoft a fenth cf an inch higher than it ftood on the agth of September, which was noticed. in our Yat Report. The wind has blown 25 days from the eaiterly points. The charaéteriftic of the month is that of fugey 5 eight or nine days fogs bave very much prevailed, but that on the sth was the mof remarkable, aad has beenthus dcicribed by a witnefs of what happened in London on the occafiun: *¢“fuefday proved foggy in the metropolis during the whole day, but about five o'clock the very thicket fog came on which has been remembered for twenty Yeats; it is difficult to deferibe the fcene which the Strand and other bufy ftreets prefented. “Fhe thicknefs of the fog obicured entirely the light cf the Rreet lamps; and it was with “VWifficulty that the glare of a thop window, full of patent lamps, could be difcovered acrofs the fireet. The coaches could only move with « foot pace,.and to avoid running again each other, there was a continual hailooing out: this, with the {creams of perfons who. conceived themfelves in danger of heing run‘over, prefente altogether a terrific fcene.. It continued fur about two hours.” : The fogs have net been confined to the metropolis and its neighbourhood; they have been prevalentin the north and the welt. “ Six days has the thermometer been as low or lower than the freezing point; onthe 28th it was ieven degrees Jower than freezing, and on the 23{t it was in the morning as low as £4°, of eight degrees below the freezing point. Ice om thac aay was three quarters of an inch thick. The average heat forthe whole month is little more than 30°. TO CORE ESPONDENTS We have réceived various Communications relative to the Vaccine Inaculation, which we think better adapted for infertion in the Medicai and Phyfical Journal. We have the Satie- fa@tion ro find that the Practice increales; and that the Contrdverfy which has been artfally taifeé; has met with the Contempt (from the fenfibte part of the Public) which it.juftly yrcrited.—In reply to the repeated inquirics ef many friendly Correfpondents, we beg Leave tu fate, that we particularly invite the Communication of Faéts relative to the Prefent State of Agriculture, Commerce, end our various Manutaétures, and relative to the Public Improve- ments which are at all Times carrying on in various Parts of the United Kingdom :—that Hlans of New Societies for the Extenfion of Knowledge, or for Improving the Conditioniof the Labouring Claffes, are always received by us with Thankfulnefs:—that Authenticated Me- noirs of Eminent Perfons recently Deceafed are as ufual acceptable in our Obituary :—and, that Sketches of the State of Society and Mannets in Great Britain or in any of our Colonies, and Accounts of Recent Tours at’ Home or Abroad, are, we believe, always perufed with interef& by our Readers, and are therefore inferted in our Mifcellany with Proniptitude. . THE MONTHLY ‘MAGAZINE. No. 137.] JANUARY 1, 1806. [6, of Von. 20 ORIGINAL. COMMUNICATIONS. To the Editor of the Monthly Magaxine. . SER; T the prefent period, when Britith A valour has fo much to claim from Briuth gratitude ; when many fumptnous monuments atteft net only the liberality of the public, but a refpect and a dawning tafte for the fine-arts; I am induced to offer a few hints and obfervations,.in the hope that they may not be found wholly uninterefting to your readers, or foreign to the caufe of good tafte and found criti- cilm. 3 What is fo attraétive to the imagina- tion as the memoria] raifed toa great man by his admiring country ? Generous ap- plaufe is the true ftimulus of noble minds; the infpirer of that heroic enthufiafm, which, proudly annihilating all felfifh confiderations, enamoured with danger, has mo eyes, no ears, no apprehenfions, but for glory. *¢ Defire of praife firft broke the patriot’s reft, - And made a bulwark of the warrior’s breaft,” Monuments are the appropriate rewards of virtue, the cheap defence of nations. ' But, to the artift, fubjeéts of this kind are furrcunded with peculiar difficulties ; he is embarvafled with coftume, reftrained with portrait, and betrayed into the frigid wilds of allegory. Of what nature fhould thefe monu- ments be? What fhould they contain ? —It is natural to expe, in the firft place, to find the effigies of the hero; gratitude loves to perpetuate the traits of - the countenance, as wel! as the aétions of the life and the charaéter of the mind.— But a fingle figure is not fufficient ; we require a group to give mafs and dignity to the monument ; fymbols to explain the motives of its ereétion, the profeflion, and a€tions, of the object: befides, that a portrait-ftatue is an ungrateful fubjeét to the artift. The allegory fhowld be clear and fimple ; a fable which ftrikes at a glance, not an enigma to be decyphered ; uniting the figures in one confittent aftion, and concentrating the intereft around the hero. MontTuHiy Mac, No, 137: A monument lately erected in St.Paul’s cathedral to the memory of Major-Gene- ral Dundas, will afford a fubject of com- ment. Here we objerve Britannia, known by her ufual fymbols, who crowns a butt of the warrior ; fo far ail is plain and in- telligible. But what are we to think of another figure, a female, who is Randing befide Britannia, and regards with carneft attention a plant which fle holds. , A bo- tanift might perhaps difcover that this plant is the mzmofa pudica, the {enfitive- plant ; and, this being a tolerableemblem of fenfibility, might infer that the figure perfonifies that quality. Thus the exvia-- pation of the defign feems to be, that Byi- tannia, prompted by Senfibility, decorates the buit of the hero; but what a frigid and flimly allegory is this? Unlefs Bri- tannia- were fenfible to the merit, and grateful for the fervices, of the warrioy, would fie raife his monument, and in- wreathe his image? Then why is this unmeaning figure introduced ? But, leay- ing the confideration of the defign, let us fee how the artift has treated his idea — Britannia crowns the buft ; and Senfibility, what does fhe do? Why, truly, unmov-. ed in the prelence of the divinity, regard- © lefS of the hero, her tender fy mpathies are engaged in contemplating a plant. Oh! exquifite emblem ot the clals of fentimen- taliits, who, with ‘* feelings all Soo deli- cate for ufe,’” can fympathize in any thing but manly virtueand manly fuff:ving. The introduétion of a but or medallion among complete figures appears to une an incongruity which deftroys ijlufion, ‘This pofition I feel difficult to explain, but will endeavour to illuftrate. Sculpture, though it imitates with complete vealiry the ob- jects it reprefents in form, yet departs fo widely from them in colour, that gieat art is neceflary to fupport the illufion required when figures are grouped and put into ac- tion. The ancients were fo fenfible of the want of illufion in fculpture, thac ey frequenily inlaid the eyes, and coloured the cheeks, of their ftarues ; a praétice which appears to us uncouth, and even 3K bei barows, 498 barbarous, but which probably gave a tremendous reality fo the fubhme effigies of their deities. ‘Thofe who have feen the ftatue of Minerva in the colleétion of Mr. . Thontas Hope, will perhaps admit, that the divine intelligence of the countenance i aflifted by the effet of the glals-eyes. But to retarn.—In the menument, for inftance, of Captain Burges, in St. Paul's. Vidiory prefents a fword to the hero.— Thefe are both whole figures, both equal- ly imitate nature, both poflefs an equal mealure of reality and animation. But, onthe other hand, in the monument of Major-General Dundas, a ftatue of Bri- tarnia is grouped witha buft of the Gene- ral. Tierefore, inafmuch as the ftatue is a reprefentation of life, the buft is only a reprefentation of a buft, the thadow of a fade. But thefe being of the fame fub- ftance, have equal reality ; and the butt ({o to exprefs my felt) deadens the figure 5 and inflead of a divinity and a hero, we are prefented with a buft and a fratue. It is a very common fault in the em- ployment of allegorical figures in conjunc- tion with others, that their a€tion has no conneétion with that of the relt of the group. Of this defect numberlefs in- flances might be adduced. But I pals over the produétions of ordinary matters, where this is but one of a thoufand objeéts of cenfure, tocriticife a work of genius, where we overlook nothing. I mean the monument erected in Wetiminfler-Abbey to Lord Mansfield, by that diftinguifhed artift Mr. Flaxman 3; a monument which, for the form of the mafs, the grandeur and beauty of the figures, is perhaps unequal- led in this country. Here Juftice is en- gaged in weighing, and Law in reading, without paying any attention to the fage, whois feated in his curvle chair with a dignity worthy of Greece or Rome. - It trequently happens that the emblem ufed to explain an allegorical figure is made the motive of aéticn, with a facri- fice of real propriety and congruity. The feales of Jutlice are metaphorical ; and to employ her literally in weighing, is to fub- flitute a mean and mechanical to an intel- leftual cperation. Even when the action itfelf is unexcep- tionable, it may be improperly introduced, Thus, in a fingle ftatue of Urania, fhe would be juftly reprefented as explaining the globe: this is her appropriate employ- roent, Bug were the piaced as an atrend- ant figure in the monument of an aitreno- met, the globe might indeed be ufed to ariignate the Mule, but her aétion fhould On National Monuments. [Jan. % relate to the fubje€t of commemoration, whofe death fhe might lament, or whofe merit fhe might honour. The graphic perfonifications of allego- rical and imaginary being are denoted by emblems, attributes, and infignia. The hive of Induftry, the {cales of Juftice, the anchor of Hope, the cornucopia of Abun- dance, areemblems ; the winged thunder- bolt of Jupiter, and the lyre of Apollos are attributes ; the trident, the helmet and zgis, the club and-lion’s fkin, are the in- fignia of Neptune, Minerva, and Her- cules. The balance is the emblem, the . {word the attribute, and the axes and fafces the infignia, of Jultice. Infignia are better adapted for the com- pofitions of painting and {culpture than emblems, as they do not digtate any {peci- fic ation, and are, befides, free from an air of quaint vulgarity which generally at- tends the Jatter. Emblems being them- felves types of particular qualities, have an independent meaning 5 and even, when united with figures in an allegorical group, it is upon them that the explanation of the defign depends. Accordingly the figures become fubordinate to the em- blems, which they feem introduced for ‘the purpofe of putting into play, and the attention is directed to thefe mean and tri- vial things, at the expence of nobler ob- jeéts. On the cther hand, many figures have infignia which render them intelli- gible without the aid of emblems. Thus a ftatue of Minerva may be uled to perio- nify Wifdom, though her coftume bears nothing properly embl«matical of that quality, but merely infignia relating to the hiftory of the Goddefs. The lion’s fkia and club may juftly typify Strength, though they only refer originally to an ad- venture of Hercules. The-trident, which is the fceptre of Neptune, and has not any rea) connexion with naval affairs, js be- come the acknowledged fymbol of mari- time fuperiority. Were it then afked, Would you banifh emblems ? And how is it poffible without _them to denote the perfonifications of men- tal qualities ?—I would an{wer, that if it be too difficult to diltinguifh by charaéte- riftic forms intellectual beings (though the ancients knew very well to mark out their Jupiter and Apoilo, and Bacchus and Hercules, independently of aitributes), much rather would I fee the balance, the hive, orahchor, engraved on the pedetial as a hieroglyphic explanation of the figures to which they refer, than to have the compofition embarraffed with theie clumfy forms and. clumiler conceits. , I cannot 1806. J I cannot conclude without remarking, that if we ereét fuch ftately monuments to captains and fubaltern generals, who, gal- lant men though they be, fill noafignable {pace in the eye of Fame, what maufole- “um, what pyramid, fhall we raife to the memory of the immortal Nelfon ! I am, Sir, your’s, &c. London. EBA, ——e To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. SIR, HAVE read with attention, and I hope with advantage, the communica- tions of your Correfpondents Mefirs. Smith and Pickbourn, relative to the pre- nunciation of the Latin and Greck lan- guages; and though fome difference of fentiment on the fubjeg&t exilts between them and myfelf, I cannot but confider the Papers which they have furnifhed to the Monthly Magazine as highly valuable. T thall, however, add a few obfervations on the fobje&, which you are at liberty to infert in your Mifcellany, or to reject, as you fhall think proper. In the firft place, it will be neceflary to inquire into the nature of accent. Some grammarians tell us, that accent is ex- tremely different in the ancient and mo- -dern languages ; and that in the former it .denoted certain inflexions of the voice, whilft in the latter it fignifies only a pecu- liar manner of difinguifhing one fyllable ot a word from the ref. Now, Sir, I would afk the perfons who draw this line of diftinétion between the meaning of the ancient and modern accent, if the parts of fpeech are not the fame in all languages ? If nature has not given a variety of tones which gradually rife or fall? And if this rifing or fall ng of the voice is not pro- perly denominated accent ? Walker and Sheridan inform us that the ancients had three marks in general ufe, which they de- nominated accents, and therefore uled the word inthe plural ; but that, in the En- glith language, the term, fignilying only a peculiar manner of diflinguifhing one fyllable of a word from the reft, is em- pl yed by us inthe fingular number only.* If this were true, the Englith language _ ™ See a Letter in defence of their hypothefis, inferted in the Monthly Maga- zine, vol. xix., p. 426. Againft the opinion of Walker and Sheridan it is only neceflary to oppofe the authority of the learned Dr. Samuel Johnfon, who, in the Rules of Pro- fody prefixedto his Diftionary, confiders the acute tone and long quantity, in Englifh verse, as equivalent by aGing together. 4 Mr. Robinfon on Greck Accents. 409 would differ from all others. The Grecks, indeed, and after them the Romans, ob/erved inthe pronunciation of their language three marks of accent, the acute, the grave, and the circumflex. The firlt denctes the movement of the voice from a lower pitch to ahigher ; the fecond, from a higher to alower ; and the third, both a rificg and falling cn the fame fyllable. But though thefe accentual marks are not printed in the Englith language, we cannot fail to obferve them in reading it 3 we muft heighten and depre's the voice, unlefs our provunciation be monotonous and infipid. Every language, whether Gieek or Ro- mand, Engl:fh or French, modern or an- cient, will neceflarily require thele feveral infl-xions of the voice. Mr. Pickbourn fays, that ‘¢ accent in fome degree affects quantity, i. e., i¢ makes the accented fyllable a little longer’ than it would be without it.” By the word accent I fuppofe this gentleman to mean the acute accent ; and if fo, I pre- fume, that, though it has an influence on quantity, it has a contrary effect to that which he has affigned to it. Toftead of Jengthening a long fyllable, it makes it fhorter than it would be without it. The meaning of the word 6£03-is tharp or quick. It conveys the idea of quicknefs ; and, when referred to found, implies height. Agreeably to this opinion, the late Bifhop Hare (sys, ‘* Hinc ufu venit, ut fyllaba acutz proxima pro correpta ha- beatur, breviorque acuta videatur, etiam cum ipfa quoque brevis elt.”—De Metr. Comic. In the following fentence the great Roman orator has expreffed both the qualities of height and quicknefs as be- longing to the acute :—‘* Quam ob cau- fam fummus ille coli telliferi curfus, cu- jus converfio elt concitatior, acuto et ex- citatamovetur fono,”’ — Somn. Scipion. Sec. 5» It, therefore, accent in fome degree affeéts quantity, making a long {fyllable fhort, and a fhort one more fhort, let us be caretul not to negleét accent, Je(t we alfo err againft quantity. This perhaps is pot fufficiently attended to by thofe who with to read the Latin and Greek language with a regard to long and fhort fyllables, and without any regard to the accentual vir- guiz. In order to produce harmony in a line, it is not only neceffary that the quan- tity of each fyllable and word be duly ob- ferved, but that the accents be allo re- garded. Metre depends on quantity. alone: rhythm is more complex in its na- ture, and comprehends accent and quan- tity. By reading the two following lines, 3R2 the 500 the difference between mere metre and rhythm will be eafily difcernible :— Tali | concidit | impiger | itus | viilnere | Czfar. Hac ic- | tus céci- | dit vio- | léato | vulnere | Cztar. Tn each of thefe verfes the me’re is the fame ; but in the former the tones are im- properly placed. This thews the neceffity of paying fome regard to accent in the pronunciation of the Greek and. Roman languages, Befides the harmony, however, there is another reafon which may induce us to obferve the accents, and that is, in order to diftinguith the different meaning. of of words which are written alike, but which are differently accented. Without paying a due regard to the marks of ac- scent, it would be impoffible to know &, mon, from 8 ubi, or cujus; Oidopevs the Airft perfon plural of the prefencrenfe, in- dicative meod, from dsdsuzv, the Tonic in fisinive ; xdAwe, rudens, from xargs, pulchre 3 ciui, fum, trom sips, €05 war, ovum, from wov, fuperior domus pars ; Ziuwy, -cedens, from diay, imago; Soros, Sordes, frona 3éreg, tefludo ; xswv, vadens, from ziwv, columna 3 vouog, lex; from ve pos, pabulum ; vv, nunc, trom wy, igi- dur; vw £, nox, from wé, the third perfon fingular of the indefinitum primum of the verb woow, pugno; Aimwas, rupes, from Acwas, lepas, cum multis aliis qua nunc perferibere longum eft. The Roman accent is regulated by the quantity of the penultimate, the Greek shy that of the ultimate. As Mr. Pick- bourn has given, from Quinétilian, the po- fitions of ths former, it may not be impro- per to wotice on what fyllables the jatter falls. The Greek acute, then, is fre- quently found on the laf fyllable of a word, asin Seds ; on the fhort penultima of a polyfyllable, as sin devrépov, Duxpa- av 3 and on the antepenultimate when the penultimate is long, as in eerde, tHpacviog, Bpoupa, ainohge In addition to the cafes alluded to by Mr. Pickbourn in which we are accuf- tomed to violate quantiry, allow me to notice, that we commonly err in pronoun cing as long every /hort antepenultima of all polytyilables, whofe penuitimas are alfs jbort. .This is evident from. the woids imperium, latrocinium, pipulus, a a yeople, calidus, alia, tculus, pnro'pixos, Duper, &e. Thefe we commonly pro- Nuance as imperium, lairocinium, populus, callidus, 4lia, oculus, pato/sKory Siipenc, &e. fam, &c,. Ravenfiondale. J. RoBInson, Wablbohm’s Sponfalia Plant.—Digits of an Eclipfe. (Jan. 1s To the Editor of the Monthly Magaziues SIR, , eh Correfpondent J. L. whi writes in the laft Magazine cons cerning Dr. Darwin’s poetry, is proba= bly miftaken in fuppofing the piece of Wahlbohm “ On the Marriage of Plants” to bea poem. In the_firt volume of the «* Amoenitates Academice,” printed at Stockholm in 1749, and.confifting of pa- pers read before the univerfity of Upfal by Linnzus and his difciples, is one en- titled «* Sponfalia Plantarum,” by J. G. Wahlbohm ; of which Dr. Pulteney fays, s¢ Whoever would fee the arguments for, and the refult of, thofe experiments on which the dostrine of the fexes of plants is founded, are referred to this differta- tion, as containing, by far, the moft clear, comprehenfive, and yet copious view of that fubject.”"—View of the Writings of Linnaeus. The notice concerning this piece copied from the Fournal des Scavans feems to betray very flight information on the topic, fince the theory was then far from new, and the paper in queltion is avowedly only acommentary upon a chap- ter in Linneus’s ‘* Fundamenta Bota- nica,” firft publithed in 1736. It will be worth while for J..L. again to confult his authority, and afcertain whether Wahl. bohm’s piece is there {poken of as a poem, ard a feparate publication. Wour's; aceon Als — ee = — To the Editor of the Monthly Magazines SIR, ie an{wer to a correfpondent of your’s under “the fignature of ‘* Ab Initio,” who wifhes, in your Magazine of laft month, to know the reafon why an eclipfe of the moon is faid to exceed 12 digits, | when the whole of her diameter mealures no more than that quantity ; I fubmit the following expianation amd example, in hopes that they will remove the diffi- culty. : There are three forts of eclipfes, which go uader the names of partial, total, and central, A partial eclipfe is, when the earth’s fhadow covers only a part of the moon’s dife. A total eclipfe fignifies‘that it co- vers at leaft the whole of it, or meafures 12 digits. There are gradations between the toial and central eclipfe, but in any of them the earth's fhadow not only ob- {cures the whole of the moon’s difc, but extends beyond it, and molt of all in the central, which takes place when the cen- tre of the moon pafles through the ape 1806.] Lnpofitions on Travellers to Ireland. . 501 of theearth’s fhadow. Inall cafes, the To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. quantity, or part eclfpfed as it is called in SIR, altronomy, is meafured by a line or are N a late excurfion to Ireland I obfery _paffing from the moon’s fouthern limb to ed fome abufes which may perhaps the northern extremity of the earth’s be made known without offence to thofe ‘fhadow, when the moon’s latitude is who have the power to correct them, ‘north ; but if it be fonth, the line is through the medium of your Magas meafured from the northern limb to the ine, fouthern extremity of the thadow. The Notwithfanding the Ution, which line which meafures this quantity is @ fhould render the pafling and repaffing perpendicular to the moon’s path or orbit, between Great Britain and Ireland as and paffes through her centre and alfo fimple as cong from one county to an- jthat_of the earth's fhadow. When it is other, pallengers are plagued with the therefore faid, that in an eclipfe of the forms and hindrance of Cuftom-Hovle moon 20 digits are eclipfed; it means ,entries on landing at either thore, and that all the 12 digits in the moon are not ith the deteftable rapacity of a gang of ‘only obfcured by the earth’s fhadow, but Quitom Houfe officers. that its extremity extends fo far beyond Another circumfance I am forry to the moon's limb, that the diflance between ave occafion to notice. The Captains the two amounts to eight digits more. of fome of the Holytead Packets who The Nautica! Aimanac, without the are or ousht to be chofen for their na- aid ‘of other aftronomical tables, for- val fkill are not unfrequently abfent from nifhes data fufficiently correct tor finding their duty; and during the heavy gales of tne quantity of a lunar eclipfe, and may eafterly wind in Oétober laft, when five be exemplified in that which took place packets were on the Dublin fide, three of on the r4th of laft January at zo$ hours the Captains were on this fide of the p. m., and was a total one. | Channel. One ofthe packets which failed At that time the moon’s latitude was during the gale without her Captain, got 4{.15" north, foul of the pier clofe under Dublin light The moon’s horizontal paral- houfe, and the crew were in the utmoft lax - - = 60!.31" confufion, all commanding. The fun’sditto = - - 8 i failed from Dublin not long after in ———_ one of them without a Captain, and found 60.39 it difficult to afcertain who had the com- The fun’s femidiameter, fub- mand of the veffel. tract . - Se Med ire In going to the northward through Belfaftt, I found that in order to crofs at Donaghadhee a paflport from the'Cuftom+ Semidiameter of the earth’s fhadow - - 44.22 Houle was requilite, * Add for the earth's atmo- Why are thefe diftinétions kept up? to fphere <5 - - 44 pats from Holyhead to Dublin no paffport is required, and yet to go fromthe North 45.06 of Ireland to Port Patrick it mult be ob- ‘Moon's femidiameter, add - 16.29 tained. If an Union is intended, every ‘thing that reminds Ireland of her fuffer- : Sum 61.35 ings fhould furely be obliterated. The Moon's latitude, fubtra&t ° - 4-15 Irith now fay, it is * Union and no — Union.” 4 Quantity or part eclipfed is 57520 AsI am complaining I will mention . one or two circumftances more. At cer- Thien to find how many digits the part tain times of the tide, the poxt of Holy- @clipfed will amount to, fay head is fo inconvenient for getting on ' As the moon’s diameter 32’.58": is to board a veffel, that the only way of reach- 12 digits :: fo is 57'.20" thepart eclipfed: ing a boat is to walk through the water to 204.52’ nearly, and the fame as given or climb over flippery rocks. A> propery in the Nautical Almanac. By fubtra&~ wharf or fufficient jetty ought to be built ing 32'.58" from 57’.20", it will appeac for the accommodation of the public, at 4 that the extremity of the thadow extended place from which packetsare appointed to mote than 24’ beyond the moon’s northern fail fix days in the week. limb. Iam, your's, &c. The Ferries at Bangor and Conway are Mington, * Gavin Lowe. — feenes of infamous impofition on mail. Dec. gih, 1805. coach 502 coach paffengers. The regular charge is one penny for each perfon; but they in- . fift on one fhilling, and one or two more are exacted from each perfon by thofe who pretend to take care of the baggage to and from the boat. I do not exaétly “know by what authority thefe ferries are regulated, but I hope {uch impofitions will not be permitted to continue. The fervants of the coach are certainly bound to take care of all the packages in the coach, yet by this connivance of the guards the public are cheated out of from 58. to ros. per day at each ferry for each coaeh; amounting to feveral hundred pounds per annum more than is due to the ferry. Iam, &c. AN OLD TRAVELLER. Dee. 11th, 1805, ; —~ To ike Editor of the Monthly Magazine. SIR, 5 ee would be obliging, if any of your 4A numerous Correfpondents could point oxt where any account may be found of the once celebrated Lady Vane; and if any portrait of her is known to eyift. Can the Memoirs in Peregrine Pickle be depended on as authentic ? No mention is made of her in any of the Biographical Diftionaries which I have examined. What more particularly wanted is, fome account of her life fubfequent to Smollet’s, and any information refpeéting her parents. Iam, &c. Inwerary, PAR RSE dk Sep. 26th, 1805. aie To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. SIR, if gs anfwer to your Correfpondent's ; queltion is this: A digit is a r2th part of the diameter of the Sun or Moon ; and therefore the Sun and Moon being nearly equal in apparent diameter, the Sun is never faid to be more than 12 digits eclipfed ; fince the Moon's greateft appa- rent diameter by which he can be eclipfed little exceeds the Sun’s leaft. But the Moon may be fimply eclipfed without duration, and thus the eclipfe may be fimply total: or fhe may be eclip{ ed centrally as well as totally ; that is, the Earth's fthadew being ccnical, fhe’ may either in her orbit pafs through a part of the Earth’s thadow juft equal to her diameter, and no more, or fhe may pafs Digits eclipfed——Tour in America. {Jan. 1, through a part of it which is much broad- er, and very greatly exceeds her diameter 5 as if fhe be in her zode and perige at the time of the eclipfe. And by how many parts of the diameter of the Moon the fha- dow of the Earth on that fide of it ta which fhe is neareft when totally eclipfed exceeds the Moon’s diameter, of fo many digits the eclipfe is faid to be; 14, 16, 20, or even, by poffibility, 24. The principle and explanation may be feen in Fergufon’s Aftronomy. Thus, it an eclipfe be faid to be 20 di- gits, it means, that, after the Moon is totally eclipfed, it will yet have a portion of the Earth’s fhadow to pafs through, while the eclipfe continues total, equal to 8 parts out of 12, or 2 of the Moon’s dia- meter. And this is well denoted by the improper fraétion 29, on 20 digits. Your's, &c., Capen. Lorrr. Dec. 6. 1805, To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. SIR, Te tafk of the tourift who journeys from the Atlantic to the interior of the United States, and who propofes faith- fully to record his obfervations, will, I fear, in many inftances, be dry and unin- terefting to your readers. Lofty moun- tains, wide and rapid rivers, bad roads, and immentfe woods, are by no means as attractive as fplendid palaces, whofe highly cultivated domains befpeak at once the ftyle and grandeur of their proprietor and the curiofity of the reader. Vo fuch of your readers, Sir, as may indulge this fenfation, I beg toremark, that the Unit- ed States of America are pfogrefling be- yond all formér example in population, wealth, and power, and that to record the ttatiBic facts of the prefent day will give to the future hiftorian and politician va- luable data, on which they may hereafter build their refpective theories, and eftablifh the relative importance poflefled by each diftric& of the Union. With this view, Sir, I thall proceed with my journey. If my memory -ferves me, in my laft [See Monthly Mag. for Dec. 1805, po 4155 &c.| I ftated our arrival at Frederic. town, which is the county town of Fye- deric-county in Maryland. This’ county contains between 5 and 600,000 acres of land, much of which is produétive, lime- ftone being very generally found in the foil. The town confitts of about eight hundred 1806.] : hundred houfes. The ftreets, as is gene- rally the cafe in thofe parts of the United States which I have feen, are Jaid out in ftrait lines, fo as to crofs each other at, right-angles. About a mile before you get to the town, and at fome diftance from the road, are the barracks, at which, dure ing the laft war, a part of General Bur- goyne’s troops were quartered, after the convention of Saratoga. At prefent they are occupied by a {mall detachment of the army of the United States. This town contains a handfome court and market- houfe, a good jail, and feveral churches, to which the different fects of Chriftians yéfort ; each claiming, under the con‘i- tution of this country, the full right of worfhipping their Creator according to their own confciences, and each difclaim- ing and detefting any pretended toleration, which fome governments claim the right of conceding to their fubjetts. There are fome very refpectable Germans fettled in this town and neighbourhood. The prin- cipal ftreet is about a mile in length, and contains feveral handfeme brick houfes. The inhabitants, according to the Jaft cen-~ fus, were about four thoufand ; but, as it is an improving town, there are proba- bly more now. : Frederic is celebrated for its manufac- tories of hats and fadlery ; but its princi- pal fupport is from the waggons which pafs along this road from the fouthern country to Baltimore. Frederic being only forty-four miles from Wafhington, we arrived at a very good dining-hour, and were fafely landed at the belt inn in the town, which is kept by a widow-lady. Sheafforded us an ex-. cellent dinner, confifting of a very nice boiled turkey, a fine ham, a loin of veal, fome boiled pork, three or four different kinds of vegetables, and cultards. We had alfo good fpruce-beer and brandy, for which we were charged half a dollar each, _ Frederic-town is about twelve miles from Harper’s-ferry, rendered celebrated by Mr. Jefferfon’s Notes on Virginia. As it is my wifh to yield as much amufement and infiruétion to your readers as I can, I thall copy from the letters of one of my moft valued friends* a defcription of this extraordinary place, which was fent me * Nicholas King, furveyor to the city of Wathington. Mr. K, made fome very accu- * gate drawings when on the {pot, Obfervations during a Tour in America, 503 about two years backy and written onthe fpot. ' «© The curiofity which Mr. Jefferfon’s animated defcription of this place has ex- cited in the readers of his Notes on Virgi- nia, calls the traveller to an attentive exa- mination of it. The fublimity of the picture he has drawn, when coloured by the imagination, probably exceeds nature, and takes away from the pleafure which would flow from an unanticipated’ contem- plation of this interefting fubject. «© Our road to the Ferry was along the margin of the Potomak, for a confiderable diftance, under mountains, crags, and pre- cipices, in many places, fo near the edge of the river, as to be dangerous when the water is raifed above its general height.— The ferry is acrofs the Potomak-river, jult above rts confluence with the She- nandoah, where the current is gentle, and, except in the time of froft, the paf- fage is fafe. On the Virginia-fide, and en the point formed by the jun&tion of the rivers, is the ferry-houfe, tavern, and pub- lic buildings. «¢ The Potomak-river, coming for fome diftance with great rapidity, and pafling over ledges of rocks, which crofs the channel in right-lines nearly north and fouth, has a fouth-eafterly direction until it receives the waters of the Shenan- doah from the fouth-weft. It then takes an eafterly direction, through two ridges of the South Mountain, in a gap feeming- © ly made by a fudden difrupture of the mountains ; and foamingover the rocks which lie in its bed, and appear to have been rolled by the force of the water cone fiderably below the mountains, of which they formed a part, it feeks its courfe to the Atlantic. ‘When it paffes the moun- tains, it is interfeéted by ttrata or ledges of rock, which crofs its bed at nearly right- angles, and form falls or rifles. The eafternmoft of thefe, which i$ the princi- pal, is called Payne’s-falls, and has a per-~ pendicular pitch of two or three feet. To overcome the impediments to navigation which thefe falls prefented, the Potomak- Company have, ata great expence, either made fide-canals, in which the pitch or perpendicular fall is loft in a rapid or fhoot of fome length, or they have opened paflages through and removed the moft dangerous rocks. “© On examining the fubftances compofing the South Mountain, at the gap through which the Potomak pafles, I found the un- dermoft “ay 564 t dermoft ftrata or beds to be argillaceous and micaceous fhiftus, and covered by a very thick fratum of granite. The dip ‘of the fratum is about thirty degrees ; the bearing very nearly north and fouth. The face of the rock rifing to the wett, "that fide of the mountain is the moft ab » rapt. The hill at Harper’s-ferry, which rifes from the confluence of the rivers, is compofed of argillaceous fhiftus, in large rhaffes, with perpendicular fiffares. It is eafily cut. ‘The ftratum rifes to the weft or fouth- weft ; the dip about thirty degrees to the north-eaft. €€ On this hill is Jefferfon’s-rock, noted for the fingularity of its appearance and fituation. It deferves a vifit from the cu- rious. «¢ A Captain Henry, of the late army, rendered his federalif{m and his zeal noto- sious, while the troops lay there, by throwing down the large ftone or rock which Jay poifed on the top. It bore the name of the prefent Prefident of the Unit- ed States, and was fuppofed to be the place from which the writer of that pic- turefque defcription viewed the fublime fcenery it affords. It ftands near the fum- mit of the hillon the wett fide of the She- nandoah. An enormous rock, in fome convulfion of nature, feems to have been thrown from the higher ground upon the mafs beneath, with fuch force as to fepa- rate the rock into three huge fragments, Now at a diftance of many feet from each other. The angles of the difruptured parts apree fo exactly, that not a doubt can exift of the faé&t to thofe who view it. One of thefe fragments has flid down the fide of the mountain for feveral yards.— The ftone which appears to have caufed this extraordinary movement lay poifed on the higheft part of the rock, and, until the greateft part of it was thrown down by the Gothic zeal of the federal captain, it prefented a natural curiofity equal to the famous rocking-ftone, and Stonehenge in England. ‘This rock is feveral hun- dred feet above the plain below, and the afcent nearly perpendicular. ‘© The United States have at this place an arfenal and manufactory of {mall-arms, in which they employ about fifty hands. ‘They avail themf{elves of the fall of water afforded here by the Potomak for the movement of the machinery; and the ci- tizens.of the United States may here con- xemplate the advantages of labour-faving Obfervations during a Tour in America [Jan. 1, machines and the divifion of labour in oné of their own eftablifhments. ** The public- buildings belonging to this eftablifiment are:—1. A fmall forge and tilt-hammer. Here the rough forging for bayonets, and the bars or plates out of which the mufket-barrels ave turned, is done. © The tellows and hamrnerare mov- ed by two finall water-wheels.—The next building isa {mith’s fhop, of brick, and of confiderable length. In it the barrels are turned on mandrels and welded, the bay- onets fhaped, and all the forging and blackfmith-work completed. It contains ten fires or hearths.—The third building is alfo of brick, two ftories high. The Jower ftory contains the grinding and cut- Jery department, with a very appropriate difpofition of machinery for the work. The fecond ftory is occupied by the white- fmiths, lock-makers, and ftockers, and has about forty pairs of vice and the ne- ceffary benches for this part of the manu- faéture. ; « The fuperintendant of this manufac. tory of arms is wifhing to intreduce an improvement in the ftocking and niount- ing of mufkets, as alfo in their conftruc- tion, adapting the rifle-fights to the fmocth bore and bayonet-furnifhed muf ket. I faw one on this conftruétion, faid to fhoot remarkably accurate. The arms manufaétured here are certainly equal in point of workmanthip with any which the European artifts produce. It is fuppofed they make and finith about two thoufand ftands annually. The principal building is the arfenal, or depofitory of arms. It is of brick, and ftands on the level near the confluence of the Shenandoah with the Potomak. That fubdivifion of labour and application of machinery which forms the bafis of modern improvement, is here well attended to ; and the whole is carried on in a amanner highly creditable to thofe concerned. All the workmen are com- foitably lodged, and thofe who have fa- miJies occupy convenient houfes. .‘* Higher up the Potomak, by about two miles, is the public furnace and iron- mine. At the ferry, on the lands referved by the former proprierors, are feyeral houfés, a ftore, and a tavern.” Having made this loug extraét, I thall conclude with the affuraoce of the efteem of, Sir, your obedient fervant, © | Alexandria, R. DINMOREs 21/f Auguft, 1805. at For 1806.] For the Monthly Magazine. LONDINIANA, No. I. THE ROYAL MEUSE. ee Wena the improvements of modern J London, few are more confpicuous than the ranges of ftables which now form fo frequent an appendage to our ftreets and f{quares. Many of thefe are dignified with an appellation fimilar to the title of the prefent article, and Oxford, Portland, Marlborough, or Portman, Mews, are fa- miliar to the ears of every paflenger ; merely becaufe Henry VIII., in confe- quence of an accidental fire, in 1534, transferred his horfes to the place where his anceftors had mued'their hawks. ~ Mee, in its sriginal application, figni- fied a kind of cage, where hawks were wintered, or kept when they mued, or changed their feathers ; whence it was af- terward taken in amore extended {fenfe, and fignified a cage of any fort, or even confinement in general. _ Long previous to the Norman Conqueft, hawking was a favourite paftime with the Englifh ; our Saxon anceftors perhaps brought it with them from the woods of Germany ; and evenas late as the reign of Henry IlI. the beft hawks were brought from Norway. In 1250 the ftealing hawks from their mews was deemed worthy le- giflative interference (Pat. 34 Hen. III., m.2.); and among the indulgences granted by Edward I1J. to the Duke of Orleans, while prifoner in London, 1362, none were perhaps more valued than the liberty to hunt and hawk at pleafure— (Pat. 35 Edw. III., pl.m. 24). From the tafte of the times, it feems more than probable that every royal pa- lace had a meufe attached toit ; although the one at Weftminfter was the chief.— The earlieft mention I have found of it is among the Wardrobe Accounts of Ed- waid I,, in 1299, where a payment oc- curs of two fhillings and four-pence for winter-fhoes to Hanekin, the keeper of the mews at Weftminfter :-— *€ Hanekins cultodi mutarum Regisapud Welt’ pro cal- ciamentis hiemalibus anni prefentis, per compotum factum apud Weltm’ menfe Januar’ anno 29, - £.0 25. 4d," In 1350 Ralph de Maners was made keeper. In 1477 the office was given to Sir Simon Burley, the accomplifhed fa- vourite of Richard II. (Stowe’s Survey, MonTuty Mac, No. 137. Londiniana. 505 ed. 1755, vol. ii, p» 576) ; and, feven years afterward, 1334, we find the cele- brated Geffrey Chaucer appointed, among other offices, to be clerk of the King’s © works in the palace of Weftminfter and in the Mews at Charing. Chaucer, it fhould feem, was always aflembling the materials for poetry ; and it is perhaps to the office jult mentioned that we are indebted for the following little fimile in Troilus and Creffide (lib. iii., ]. 1798) :— ‘ *‘ And whan that he come riding into the town, Full oft his Lady from her window down, As freth as faucon comin out of mue, Ful redy was him godely to falue.”” In 1390 Sir Baldwin de Bereford, Knt., occurs as mafter of the royal falcons (Pat. 13 Ric. 2.,m. 14) and in 1460 the oflice of mafter of the mews and falcons, with a manfion called the Mew-houfe annexed, was granted by a patent from Henry VI. to Richard Earl of Salifbury ; and Fabian fays (P.7, c. ccxviii.), that a few years after Lord Rivers and his fon were taken hence to Northampton and beheaded.— Richard III., in the firft year of his reign, gave the officeto John Grey, of Wiltone (Harl. MS. 433-f. 53 b-) Mr. Pennant (Hitt. of Lond., p. 113) fays, that the office of keeper of the king's falcons was by Charles If. granted to his fon by Nell Gwynne, Charles Duke of St. Alban’s, and the heirs male of his body. Henry VIIT. was the firlt of our mo- narchs who turned the royal meufe to ftables, in confequence of a fire which had deftroyed the ftabling at Bloomfbury— (Stowe’s Survey, ed. 17555 vol. ii., pi 575). : Edward VI. rebuilt them in a more convenient form, but left the finifhing to his fitter and fucceflor. The pretent ftruc- ture was erected in 1732 ; and, from the buildings with which it is furrounded, may be deemed rather a difgrace than an ornament to Charing-cro‘s. ST. JAMES’S PARK- About 1717 appeared a variety of fongs, whole chief objest it feems to have been to reprefent King George I. in the chara&ter of a turnip-hoer, Hearne, in one of his manvufcript-diaries, now at Ox- ford, fays, that, when his Majefty came fit to England, ‘he talked of turning St. James’s Park into a turnip-ground, and to employ turnip-hoers.’" The bal- lad which goes by that name was written by Mr. Warton, father to the poet-lau- reat. 38 STs 506 ST. AUGUSTINE'S IN THE WALL. Among the churches of London that are no longer known, was that of St. Au- guitine in the Wall. It ftood juft within Bifhopgate, in Camomile-ftreet, and was deftroyed in the great fire of 1666. In - xq3o the church and church-yard, with the confent of the Holy Trinity Priory, by Aldgate, who had been the patrons, were granted to the Brethren of the Papey, whole fraternity had been juft founded by William Cleve, William Barnaby, and John Stafford, chantry-priefls in London. The reftory of St. Aultin’s, it appears, had become too poor io {.pport a prieft, and had juft been united to the parith of Allhallows in'the Wall. Papey appears to have been a word fynenimous with priefthood ; and the foundation was prin cipally for the aid and maintenance of poor priefts. It confifted of a mafter, wardens, chaplains, chantry-priefts, conduéts, and other brethren and tilters 5; and appears to have been conftituted in honour of Holy Charity and St. John the Evangeliit, The priefts being fkilied in church-offices, were frequently called upon to attend at fump- tvuous funerals, and had occafional lega- cies bequeathed them to pray for the fouls of the departed. Among the MSS. inthe Cotton Library, now in the Mufeum, is one (Vitell, F. xvi. 2, 3) which contains the deeds relating to the foundatian, wih the ttatutes, and a lit of the matters from 3442 to 1548, when, in the fecond year of Edward VI., it was diffolved. The few extracts made from this regiler in Stowe are particularly valuable, as the manu- {cript was fo damaged in the fireof 1732, that the greater part of it is unintel- ligible.. In 1549, only nine years previous to their diffolutson, the pricfts obtained leave to fell the burying-ground adjoining to their church for the tum of 21. 13s. 6d., to the parifh of St. Martin Outwich (Par. Accompt:). CAMOMILE STREET. The hofpital of poor prieits in the Joft parith ef St. Auguftine Papey, .has been already mentioned ; but near adjoining to it, on the fouth fide of Camomile treet, flood the houle belonging to the old inhe tanee of the De Veres, Earls of Oxtoro— (See Dugd. Bar i 195). So long back as 1403 the lali will of Agnes Lady Bar- dolte was dated trom it ; and in 1417 we fini Richard de Vere its refident owner— (Stowe’s Survy, ed. 1755, 3. 419). In 1527, on the death of John Earl ot Ox- fore without iflue, the unentailed portion of the farmily-preperty became veilted in his three fillers ; one of whom, Elizabeth, > Londiniana. (Jan. 1, > being married to Sir Anthony Wingfield, carried the property of this houfe into an- other family. Sir Robert, the immediate fucceffor of Sir Anthony Wingfield, fold it to Mr. Edward Coke, at that time Queen Elizabetli’s attorney-general, but who was afterwards better known as lord- chief-juftice. Coke feems to have been the laft owner of confequence. In fhort, the houfe became ruinated, was let out for meaner purpofes, and about 1720 gave way toa row of {maller tenements. This however was not the only houfe which the De Veres appear to have inha- bited in London. Alberic de Vere, the Conqueror’s companion, in 1066, gave his houfe in Wettminfter-ftreet to the monks of Abingdon—(Dugd. Bar., i., 188) 5 and Henry VII., in 1485, gave to John de Vere, Earl of Oxtord,'a houfe called the Herber, in the parifh of St. Mary Bothawe, in the wird of Dowgate, which had been part of the pofleffions of the un- happy Clarence—(Ibid., i., 198). ON THE USE OF SEA-COAL IN LONDON FIRES. Among the defiderata of antiquarian refearch we have yet to notice many of thofe minute de\ails by which alone the familiar lives and domeltic economy of our anceftors are laid open. The ule of fea coal, though a matter of no vaftimportance in regard to its hif- tory, undoubtedly deferves notice in a paper Jike this. The complaints of its unhealthy tendency, it will be found, have been made in almoft every period fince ics inrroduétion ; and though in thele days a fufivienat fub/tirute conld not eafily be found, its pernicious effluvia. might. not be an object totally unworthy the confide- Fation of medical mea. Mr. Pennant, in whofe works we fre- quently fee a ‘trong predilection for Welfh antiquities, afferts, ‘“* That coals were known to the Britons before the arrival of the Romans, who had not even a name for the» : yet Theophrafius defcribes them very accurately at leat three centuries be- fore ihe tume of Czlar, and even fiys that they were uled by workers in brafs. It is highiy probable that the Britons made we of them. It is certain they had a primitive name for this fofhil, that of ° glo: and asa farther proof I may add, that a flint-axe, the inftrument of the ab- origines of our ifland, was difcovered ituck in ceriain veins of coal, expofed to- dy in Craig-y-Pyer in Monmouthhhire.”* —(Tour in Wales, Lond., 1773, 4to, p- 16.) : Another 1806. ] Another of our writers, whofe work in illuftration of’ ancient manners has long been valued, runs into a different extreme.! Bithop Fleetwood (Chron. Preciofum, ed. 1707, p 118) ‘fays, ‘¢ That, ‘whenever coals are mentioned in old accompts, we are to underftand charcoal, and not fea- coal, which has not been in common ule (as well as I can guefs) an hundred and fifty years, at Jeaft not in London ; though I findthem in Matthew Paris, un- der the name of carbo marinus, in the time of Henry III., in Additament.” The application of coal (or carbo, as it is called in the Eatin of the middle ages) to charcoal feems correét ; fince wherever fea-coal occurs, carbo has ufu- ally the adjunét of marinus : as in the Wardrobe. Accompts of the 28th of Ed- ward I., 1300, where carbones marini occur among the garrifon-ftcres of Rox- borough. Caitie. In 1234,-when Henry III. confirmed the charier of his father to Newcaftle upon- Tyne, he gave the townlmen, on their fupplication, licence to dig coals and ftones in the common foil without the walls, called the Caftle Moor, and to convert them to their own profit, in aid of their fee-farm rent of an hundred pounds a-year. This, fays Dr. Ander- fon, is the firft mention of coals dug at Newcaltle; which were then probably con- fined as fuel to the ufe of the town ; for the city of London had at that time, as may be eafily gathered from the Domef- day-Survey, fo many woods and copfes round it, and the carriage both by land and water was fo cheap, that coals from Newcaftle would have been far more ex- penfive than the wood and turf-fuel from its own neighbourhood, The hiftoriographers of London relate, that, in Edward I.’s reign, fea-coal was in {© much requeft with feveral of the city-trades, as diers, brewers, &c., that, on the complaint of the nobility and gen- try that they could not go to London on account of the noifome finell and thick air, the King iffued a proclamation, forbid- ding the ufe of it, even in the fuburbs, on pain of fine, lofs of furnaces, &c.— Thofe trades, however, finding the fcar- city and price of wood-fuel daily increaf- ing, difcovered it was (till their intereft to ufe fea-coal ; and, notwithftanding - the prohibition, entered on the trade with Newcaltle. In 1357 the townf{men’s li- cence to dig coal was increaled by a fpe- cial grant from the Crown of the foil in Londiniana. 507 which they had before only liberty to dig 5 and in 1379 the trade had grown fo con- fiderable, that Edward III. impofed a duty of fixpence a ton, each quarter of the year, on all fhips from Newcaftle Jaden with coals. Such was the introduc- tion of fea-coal to common ule, Mr, Evelyn, in his» Fumifugium, written in the reign of Charles II., propofed the re- moval of fuch trades as required great fires five or fix miles out of London, to- wards Greenwich ; alfo of flaughter- houfes and tallow chandlers ; a‘ d to plant fragrant nurferies and gardens in the low- grounds round the city. But whatever projects may hereafter arife, it is to be teared fea-coal will ftill maintain its ground, OLD JEWRY. It may probably be difficult to fay at what time the Jews firlt came to England, though it is generally be- lieved that their firlt appearance, at leaft under the name of Jews, was in the reign of William the Conqueror, _ It was in the Old Jewry that they firft fetcled 5 whence, increafing under the protection of the Conqueror and his fucceffor, they were permiited to difperfe themfelves throughout the kingdom. The chief places of their refidence, however, were the larger trading-towns, fuch as York, Lincoln, Norwich, Northampton, Leicef- ter, Cambridge, and others, in feveral of which they built fynagogues. Ina fhort time the Jews were confidered as a neceflary people, and ufeful to mer- chants as bankers ; for which reafon they were placed under the particular jurifdic- tion of an officer appointed by the King, called the Jufticiar of the Jews, whofe bu- finefs it was to protect them in their ju rights, and to decide in all caufes between them and the Chriftians. Atter the death of John the Jews met with little encou- ragement in England. Henry UI. was covetous, and the Jews had grown rich ; their wealth had excited the envy of the multitude, and pretences were eafily found to firip them of it. The King, more co- vetous than juft, protected them no longer. By the laity they were accufed of crimes again(t the ftate : by the clergy, againit religion, The laity charged them with forgery, clipping, coining, and ufury s the clergy, with enchantment, and cruci- fying the children of the Chriltians, in contempt of the religion of the country. Thefe crimes, whether true or falfe, were fufficient to excite a general clamourc 352 again{t 508 againft them; .and not only afforded Henry a fair opportunity of feizing their wealth, but an excufe to his fucceffor for expelling them the kingdom when they had nothing left to feize. The chief places in which they dwelt in London, as appears by the different grants of their property from Edward J., were Wood- ftreet, Lad lane, Catte-ftreet, Colechurch+ fireet, Ironmonger-lane, St. Olave, and St. Laurence Jewry. ——— For the Monthly Magazine. EPIGRAMS, FRAGMENTS, ad FUGI- TIVE PIECES, from the GREEK, {Continued from p. 405 of our laft Number. } HAVE already, in a former Number, given an epigram on another fubject, which was equally attraélive to the pain- ters, {culptors, and poets, of antiquity.— Jt was that of Leonidas on the armed ftatue of Venus at Sparta, which bas been well rendered by Natalis Comes into Latin verfe. There is another, either by the fame author or Antipater, which fo much refembles it, that I fhould hardly have in- troduced it here, had it not been rendered famous by two imitaffons of Aufonius, and by an excellent parody of Prior’s. Tadaag ray Kubepesay. Pallas faw Venus cas’d in fhining arms— «¢ And thus, Cythera, wilt thou take the field >” *« If Tcan conquer with my naked charms (Smiling fhe faid), what, if 1 bear a thield ?” The Englifh poet adds the reply of the Goddefs of Wifdom,-after Anacreon :— ‘ Kaaroe Avr arridev anarwy AVE” EY HEY ATAVTOY, 6¢ Thou, to be ftrong, muft put off every drefs ;— Thy only armour is thy nakednefé.” I: is curious to obferve, that the war- like Spartans fhould have fo transformed the gentleft of their deities, in order to meet their cwn military ideas. It was ona dif- ferent occafion, however, that Venus ob- tained the title of Aydpopoves—** The Ho- micide,** which was given her when Lais was torn to pieces in her temple by the Theflalian women, who were jealous of her charms. A tomb was ereéted to her memory on the banks of Peneus, with an infcription (Tas de 706" peyoravyos), the fenfe of which I have before given,— Her monument at Cranion, near Corinth, Epigrams, Fragments, Sc. from the Greek. [ Jan. 1, mentioned by Paufanias, was probably only a cenotaph. The work of Mr. Ocgle’s to which I have before referred, prefents us likewife with a gem which in fome meafure illuf- trates the “‘ volive glafs” of Lais, and ~ which is more ftrongly alluded to in fome lines of Julianus A®gyptius on the fame fubjcé&t. It contains fo elegant a compli- ment to the Goddefs of ** eternal beauty,” that I muft be allowed to prefent the tranflation which is there given us :— : Acts “aparduvbiica, Lais, when time had fpoiled her wonted grace, Abhorr’d the look of age that plough’d her face ; Her glafs (fad monitor of charms decayd!) Before the Queen of laft'ng bloom fhe laid: ‘¢ The {weet companion of my youthful years Be thine ! (the faid) no change thy beauty fears !” ’ Theamatory compofitions of the Greeks are, as I have before hinted; generally of the lighter and more fenfual #amp. Ac- cordingly their love is the companion’ of wine, the feaft, and the dance, and is then moft violent when che divine madnefs of the grape infpires it :— / "QU Mopar mpg "Epwrd. The darts of Cupid I deride, And dare him, fingly, tothe field ;—= If Bacchus fights on Cupid’s fide, *Tis furely no difgrace to yield. Anacreon felt very ftrongly the force of thefe united powers, as his moft beautiful odes abundantly teftify. Of one of thems which is a good f{pecimen of the reft, we have an old tranflation, which appears to me exquilitely beautiful :— ' Quaff with me the purple wine, And in youthful pleafures join ; With me love the blooming fair, Crown with me thy flowing hair. When {weet madnefs fires my foul, Thou fhalt rave without controul. When I’m fober, fink with me Into dull fobriety. What an exquilite fubject for a picture ; how worthy of the beft days of the Vene- tian fchool, is prefented in a fragment preferved by Athenzeus from the tragic poet Charemon! It is the account Biven by CEneus, king of Calydon, of his urprifing the wood-nymphs in their {ports ;—** One lay apart from the ret, expofing her beautiful bofom to the white light of the Moon, with her zone unclafp- ed and open. Another, engaged in the dance, had laid bare her left fide, and pre- Seated. 1806.] fented a living pifture to gazing deities. The clear and’ brilliant white ot her eye encircled a pupil of the moft piercing black. Another difplayed her beautiful elbows, and the elegant bend of her tair arm. Another had faftened her robe around her neck, and concealed her bofom, but tucked up the folds fo as to leave her leg at liberty for the dance. At length, wearied with the exercife, they threw themfelves along on banks covered with thofe flowers that were born of Helen’s tears, and with the dark leaves of the thickly-fprinkled violet, and crocus flam- ing like the Sun ; crocus, which lends its fair colour to the veils of the beautiful dames of Greece ; the child of Perfia alfo, the joyful amaracus, rich in flowers, was feattered over that foft bank.” The Grecian poet was fond of afcribing the charms of celeftials to the mortal form of his miftrefs ; the cuflom has been fol- lowed by the writers of modern days ; but we no longer annex any definite ideas to the metaphors we employ. "Ompear’ execs “Hong. RUFINUS. The Queea of Heaven’s bright eyes illume thy face ; Great Pallas ient thine arms their polifh’d grace ; The Paphian Goddefs taught thy bréaft to heave 5 Thetis thy ancle’s flender firmnefs gave. Bleft isthe man who gazes on thy charms ; Thrice happy he who hears thy melting voice 5 Half-deity, whofe love has fix’d thy choice ; A god who folds thee in a hufband’s arms ! Two other finall pieces of merit occur to me, which being alfo defcriptive of the paffion excited by female charms and ac- complifhments, will very naturally follow here in the regular courfe of my prefent ob- fervations. Of allthe acquired graces which were calculated to win a Grecian lover, fkiil in mufic appears to have been the firft and moft excellent. The natural genius of the ancient Greeks for that delightful art, and the progrefs they had made in it towards perfection, is well known to every one. It is faid, that, of all the Greeks, the Argians were the moft paffionately fond of mufic; and modern travellers re- Jate, that the fame tafte prevails among them eventothisday. ‘ As foonas their day’s work is over (fays a Frenchman of the Jaft century) all the inhabitants are feen fitting at the doorsof their houfes, or on the fea-fhore, chanting fome melan- choly airs, which they accompany with a lyre fimilar to that of the ancients,” Epigrams, Fragments, Sc. from the Greek. 509 3 Parade 2 AaALe PHILODEMus, The ftrains ‘that ‘low from young Aminta’s © ” lyre, " Her dosnauthe foft voice, and melting elo- ; quence, *e Her fparkling eyes, that glow with new defire. Her warbling voice, that chains th’ admir-= ing fenfe,. ) Subdue my foul, I. know not how nor whence-— Too foon it will be known when all my foul’s on fire, “Hv feedog vn Mave, roy Aprada, MELEAGER. By great Arcadia’s God, the fire That breathes in tuneful Lefbia’s lyre, Is heav’nly as it {weeps along ; But not fo fweet as Lebia’s fong. How fhalll fly ? Onevery fide Great Love has fpread his banners wide ; He gives no time, no pow’r to breathe, But round me winds his fubtle wreathe. Whether thy form has rais’d defire, Or thy fweet voice, or heav’nly lyre, } Orartlefs grace, my foul’s onfire ! Sometimes, however, even the Greeks deviated into the ftyle of romance, and adopted all that mixture of tendernefs and fancy which accompanies the tales of chi. valry, or thofe (fo very fimilar to then) which have been imported from the Eaft, I will here break into the tedioufnels of critical remark, by relating (out of Athe- nzus) a ftory which combines in it all the wildaefs of imagination, and the eccentri- - city of fable, that captivates us fo much in the Arabian Nights’ Entertainments, and other produétions of Oriental fancy, The operation of Genii alone is wanting to make it a perfect re‘emblance ; but even without that aid I think it will recal to moft readers who are acquainted with the tales I have mentioned, the romantic Hiftory of Camaralzaman and the Prin- cefs Badrura, “In the reign of Hyfpafpes king of Media, Zariadres his brother held the ab- folute dominion of thofe provinces which lic between the Cafpian Gates and the ri» ver Tanais. His perfon, the moit perfect f{pecimen of manly beauty ever known, attracted the univerfal admiration of thofe who faw him, and was indeed celebrated all over Afia. The faireftand moft noble princeffes in the world would with rapture have acknowledged him for their lord ; but hirberto his heart had been infenfible to the force of female attractions. He cultivated the qualities of a good prince and a valiant foldicr, but love was a ftran- er to his bofom. ‘© On a fudden, without any apparent caufe, he grew melancholy and abftraét- ed; he fled from the company of his counfellorg 510 counfellors and affociates, negleéted the affairs of ftate, relinquifhed even his fa- vourite pleafures of the chace and of the table. He nolonger accuftomed himfelf daily to the ufe of arms; he left the officers of his army to infpect his troops ; and gave him‘elf up to the love of folitude and retirement. ‘¢ After he had gone on for fome time in this unufual mode of life, he grew as reftlefs and impatient as he had been be- fore indolent and inaétive. He was con- tinually breaking up his camp, and mov- ing to all parts of his dominions, exer- cifng himfelf and his men in long and toilfome marches, infen{ible to labour and fatigue, to the noon-tide heats, or to the dantps of midnight. *« It was love that had taken poffeffion of the foul of Zariadves, and had made him fo altereda man. It was hopelefs love ; for it was fixed on nothing that had reality, on the phantom of his imagina- tion, on a vifion of the night. * This vifion, the appearance of the Jovelieft form in which female excellence ever dwelt on earth, had firft paffed before his eyes in his tent, when be had laid him- felf down to repofe after the fatigues of a long and perilous chace. From that mo- ment a fatal paffion feized upon his fenfes, and mixed with the vital current of his veins. The vifionary fair-one renewed her vifit the next night, and the next ; and from that time he never flept but his flum- bers were bleit with the appearance of that celeftial form which had captivated his foul “* At length, whether admonithed by a dream, or aétuated by fome divine or {pi- ritual impulfe, he removed his camp to the banks of the Tanuis ; and he had not re- maine there long before (following the fame celeftial admonition) he fent ambaf- faders to the Court of the King Omartis to demand his daughter in marriage.— Omartis reigned over all thofe countries which extend themfelves along the further borders of the Tanais. His only misfor- tune was, that he had no male offspring to fucceed him in his great poffeffions ; happy in every other refpeét, in a profpe- fous and peacetul empire, in dutiful and affectionate fubje&ts, and in a daughter the faire and moit amiable of her fex. “© Qdatis was as evcellent a model of female lovelineis as Zariadres of manly beauty. Her charms and her high birth and inheritance bad made her long the ob- je& of emulation among all the princes of the Eaft. Zariadres oaly had not yet Epigrams, Fragments, &c. from the Greek. [Jan, I. fought her; and yet it was the whofe image unconfcioufly poffefled his foul, who was the conftant object of his daily thoughts and of his nightly vifions ; for fo it was ordered by the celeftial powers who make man their care. “* Omartis, having no male heir, had long determined to reject the fuiis of all the princes who claimed the hand of Oda- tis, and, for the good of his fubjeéts and his own bappinels, to beftow her at a fit time on fome one of his own nobles whofe rank and virtue fle might approve. Oda- tis knew, and did not oppofe, his inten- tion ; for not one of the noble youths whom fhe was accuftomed to behold had made any impreffion on her heart. But at the time that Zariadres fent his embatly tothe Court of Omartis, the fame powers who watched over the happinefs of the Median Prince, placed his formin a vifion of the night before the eyes of the royal virgin, and infpired her bofom with a mus tual flame; and thus, by fupernatural in- terference, were two lovers attached to each other by the ftrongeft paffion that was ever felt, without either of them knowing for whom they experienced a fen- fation fo new and powerful. «© But the fame fympathy which had ecaufed Zariadves to fend his meflenzers to her father’s Court, informed QOdatis that the prince who demanded her was the real object of her paffion; and, for the firft time in her life, fhe felt a fecret pang when the offers of her fuitor were rejected, and the ambafladors feot back with a po- fitive refufal. However, virgin-modetty, and the fhame that muft have attended the confeflion of fo frange and wonderful an attachment, prevented her from faying a word againft the fentence of her father.— From that moment a deep melancholy took poffeffion of her, and fhe pined away infenfbly. ** In the mean while the time arrived which Omartis had fixed in his own mind for the nuptials of the priacefs. It was a very genesal cu!tom throughout the Eaft, that, when a prince or powerful nobleman was bent upon the marriage of his daugh- ter, he gave a fumptuocus feaft, and invit- ed to it all thofe who were her fuitors, or fuch of the great men of his Court ashe , thought worthy of her, and that, when all the guefts were all affembled, the virgin beftowed a goblet of wine on him of all the company whom fhe preferred, and who was immediately declared her hufband.— When Odatis was informed of her father’s determination, though fhe had long ie € 1506.] Lpigrams, &¢e.—Tranflations from the Italian Drama. 511 edit, her heart fank within her, and de- fpair took poffeffion of her mind. In vain did the allege all the motives that her own imagination could fuggett to diffuade the King from his purpofe ; her difinclination to marriage, her contentednefs in her pre- fent tate, her youvh, her affection for her father, all were alleged in vain. Omartis attributed her apparent difidence to vir- gin coynefs or modefty, and he proceeded to appoint the day of her nuptials. At \this critical time the good Genius that had hitherto prefided over their mutual love, Rill befriended Odatis and Zariadres, and fuggetted to’ her to fend to the Prince of Media’s camp, which fti!l remained on the borders of the neighbouring river, in- formation of the enfuing marriage. From that time her anxiety increafed ; but hours and days rolled on, and nothing was feen or heard of her lover. What could fhe imagine but that he had defifted trom all further purfuit of an objeé in which he had once expertenced a tepulfe ? «© The day at laft arrived on which Omartis had determined that his daughter fhould declare her choice of a hufband.— All the nobles were therefore affembled at the royal court, and a magnificent ban- qvet fet forth, at which the King declared his purpofeto the whole company. The bowl had now gone freely round, and all hearts beat witn tranfport or with folici- tude at the profpeéi of the approaching de- cifion, according as vanity or confisence more or lefs >revailed in their minds. «* At length the Princefs was fummon- ed into the hali, where fhe received, with modett fubmiffion, her father’s commands. © Take this goblet of wine, my daughter (faid Omartis), calt your eyes around in this noble company, and prefent the draught to him whom you feleé for your hufband.’ The trembling Odatis took the cup. She anxicufly caft her eyes around her, but Zaraidies wis not in the hall. She could not difobey the royal and paternal injunction, but deiayed the fatal choice as long as modelty and duty would perinit. ‘© At length, pale and forrowful, the was jult.about to beltow the gob et upon the worthie(t of the princes, when faddenly there entered a ftranger in halle, whofe noble and beautiful afpeét ftruck all the beholders with admiration and wonder.— Odatis uttered a fliriek of joy, and the prefented goblet was fvized with tranfport by the unknown youth; and while the King and his train remained motionlefs with aftonifhment, the Princefs was borne away in triumph by her fuccefsful lover, mounted on the fleeteft of his horfes, and in a few hours found herfelf in the arms and on the throne of Zariadres. *¢ Por ages after the bar sarians of Afia commemorated with enthufiafm the fortu- nate loves of Zariadres and Odatis ; they painted them in their palaces and temples; they fung them at their feafts and games ; and the name of Odatis was uniyerfally given to the daughters of their princes and fatraps.”” (To be continued.) To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. SIR, if AM extremely forry I cannot accom- modate your Correfpondent J. J.T. 4, in your Magazine for June laf with acopy of Poggio’s celebrated Dialogue. Were £ fo fortunate as to poffefs that work, f fhould have much pleafure in fending it to him ; but I only know it from th: account, given of i: by Mr. Shepheid. The work 1s, I believe, extremely fcarce : it might, however, I prefume, be found either ig fome public-library, or in the library either of Mr, Rofcoe or Mr. Shepherd.— But [hope a copy will have reached your Correfpondent ere he fees this letter.— Perhaps fome of the o'her works mention- ed inmy letter may n ¢ be of fuch rare oc- currence. A tranflsion of any of then: could not tail of being acceptable to the public. Ina former Number of your Ma- gazine he may find feveral other produc. tions recommended to the notice of tran, lators. I conli with that your Correfpondent ° would favour the public with a tranflition of the ‘* Eccerinis’’ of Mufft'o, a drama which is, I believe, only known to the En- glith reader by afl:ght analyfis in an * Hitt torical and Critical Effay on the Revival of the Drama in Ieaiy,”’ lately publifhed by Longman and Rees. Some of the other dramas mentioned in the fame work are highly deferving of tranflation, or, at leat, of imitation. YT think the Englihh ftage might be confiderably enriched from the treatures of the [ralianttage, both in the comic and the tragic d-partments.— From the Spanith lage, too, much might be drawn. This appears from Tratada Hiftorico fobre el Origen y Progrefes de la Comedia y del Hifrionifmo en Efpana, a, valuable work, of which I believe no En- glith tranflation has yet appeared. Iam, Sir, &c. A. B. Fu 512 For the Monthly, Magazine. CONTRIBUTIONS 70, ENGLISH SYNO* NYMY.—NO. FP’ [Continued from p. 326 of Number 135.] Bifboprick, Diacefe. OTH thefe words defcribe the ex- tent of an epifcopal jurifdiction ; the firft with relation to-the overfeer, the fe- cond with relation to the charge. This is implied in their derivation ; the one be- ing compounded of bi/bop and of rick, which .in Anglo-Saxon fignifies empire, jurifdi€&tion ; and the other being com- prunded of dia, through, and aikefis, management, The jurifdiétion of a fynod of Prefbyters may aptly be de{cribed as a diocefe, but Hot as abifhoprick. The titular jurifdic- tions attributed to Catholic prelates in countries where their religion is not recog- nized, are bifhopricks, but not diocefes. The bifhoprick of Rome may be faid to pervade the diocefes of all the Cathclic bifhops : but the diocefe of Rome is limit- ed to that diftriét which has no other bi- fhop than the pope. The archbifhop of Canterbury has more than a hundred peculiars, or churches, in the feveral dioceles of London, Winchefter, Lincoln, Rochefter, Norwich, Oxford, and Chichefter, where he exercifes epifcopal jurildigtion: his bifhoprick comprehends a part of thofe diocefes, but his diocefe does not comprehend any part of thofe bi- fhopricks. Diocefan properly means ‘ belonging to the diocefe.”. In Englith this word is ap- plied odly to the diocefiareh, or chief of the diocele. In French it is applied only to thedependentclergy. ‘* Un evéque ne peut donner Ja tonfure ni les ordres qu’a fon diocéfain.” There is always a diff- culty in preferying diftin&t ufages of the fame. word in two nations whole literature intercirculates ; the arbitrary application will in both countries probably expire, and diocefan will become applicable both by the clergy to their bifhop, and by the bifhop to his clergy. Among the ancients bifhop and diocefe both defcribed civil inftitutions. Cicero was epifcopus ore Campania. Strabo fays the Romans had divided Afia into diocefes, in each of which fat a judicial court. The office of epifeopus among the La- tins paffes for military, and is fuppofed to correfpond with commiflary of provifions, or victualler. If it comprehended the fu- petintendance of diftributions of corn among the people, the transfer of theterm to an ecclefiaftical almoner would be maore Contributions to Englips Synonymy. want a diffyllabic word. (Jan. 1, -explicable. Middleton throweno light on this topic, in the relative note which oc- curs: (vol. ii, p. 69) in the Life of Ci- eero, ‘Arms, Weapons. Originally arms meant inftruments of offence ; and weapons, inftruments of de- fence. A fword, a fpear, is as it were an artificial are ; a hauberk, a thield, is as it wereacoat : wepa, in Icelandifh, means a coat; and wapen, in German, means a thield, and acoat of arms. ‘Furor arma minifirat.’ © O let not women’s weapons, water-drops; ftain my man’s cheeks.’ Men -fhould learn the ufe of arms.’ In Marfhal Saxe's: opi- nion the breaft-plate is a weapon unwifely difufed.’ Our poets have deferted this application: of the terms, and employ ‘ weapons’ for’ inttruments of offence, whenever they So Spenfer : His weapon huge that heaved was on high. And Shakfpeare : The cry of Talbot ferves me for afword 5 Kor I have loaden me with many fpoils Ufing no other weapon but his name. They alfo employ ‘arms? for inftruments of defence, whenever they want a mono- {yllabic word, So Dryden : His furcoat o’er his arms was cloth of Thrace. i‘ And Shakfpeare, without any motive of profody : Retina ENG PS ae Their wounded fteeds Yerk out their armed heels at their dead matters, Thelfe words, therefore, are become identical in meaning: yet caprice has con- fecrated ‘ome peculiarities in their employ- ment. We fay fire-arims, never fire-wea- pons. We call thofe inftruments arms which are made on purpofe to fight with; but we call thofe inftruments weapons which are accidentally employed to fight with. Nigh, Near, Next. The Anglo-Saxon verb knigan, colla- teral with the German zeigen, fignifies to Jean, to incline: from its participle de- rives the adjective ‘ nigh,” which means leaning againft, and thence contiguous.— The collateral German adjeGtive is zach and nab: the Englifh adje&tive occurs with other vowels in ‘neighbour.’ ¢ Near? (Teutonic zecher), and‘ next’ (Teutonic nechft) ave the comparative and juperlative degrees of this fame adjective. * Nigh’ is that which leans againft; ¢ near’ that which leans more againit ; and ¢ next’ that which 1806.] which leans moft againft. My next neigh- bour, my near neighbour, my nigh neigh- bour, defcribe the fuperlative, the fecon- dary, and the lefs, definite degree of con- tiguity. y ‘Near’ is corrupt!y become pofitive, and is itfelf compared in the-forms ¢ ncar- er’ and ¢ neareft.’ ¢ Nigh’ is aJfo compared in the forms ¢ nigher’ and ‘ nigheft ;’ and * next’ remains a fuperlative, a mere varia- tion of £ nigheft.” The inflinétive impatience of redun- dance in language is attempting to intro- duce diftingtions between terms, which are in fact different formsor dialects of the fame word ; we feldom ufe § nigh’ meta- phorically, but we fay ¢ near 1elations,’ and © next of kin,’ © Next’ is cacophonous and anomalous ; it ought furely to be difmiffed. The pee *¢ near relation’”” may with proba. ility be derived from xeer,* an old word for the kidneys. We ftill fay of thofe who are alike in difpofition, that they are « of one kidney :” our anceftors may have faid ‘ of one neer.” © Neer-kinfmen’ will then have meant relatives who bear the mark of relationfhip. The phrafe was natural while the kidneys were fuppofed conducive to generation. The purift will prefer nigh, nigher, nigheft, as the moft defenfible of the ufual forms of employitig this adjefive ; and will be fomewhat difpofed to {pell ¢ nigh- bour,” inftead of * neighbour,’ in order to preferve in the allied words a family- refemblance. Tongue, Language, Speech, Diale&. The Gothic ong, like the Latin lingua, is the name of that organ with which {psaking is principally performed : tongue and language therefore were originally identical in meaning, and differed only in that the one had a northern and the other a fouthern derivation, But as the word € tongue’ is alfo in ufe among us for the name of the organ of {peech, whereas the word lingua is net, we are continually re- minded that ‘tongue’ mult mean fpoken language, whevéas we are never reminded that ¢ language’ fhould. The confequence is, that the idea of {pokennefs has been progreffively detached trom the word * language, and is now omitted altoge- ther: fo that we fay, ¢ The philofophic language of Bifhop Wilkins :’ whereas in the word ‘ tongue’ the idea of fpokennefs ———$$—$ " The kidney and furrounding fat of the caif is ftill fold at market under the denomi- nation ¢ neer of veal.’ Montrary Mac, No, 137. Remarks on Malta and Sicily. 513 is retained: § The vulgar tongue,” * A mother-tongue ;’ ¢ A dead language.’ © The written language of the Chinefe is underftood by the*people of Japan in ‘their own tongue: like the arithmetical figures of Europe.” Adelung has very ingenioufly thewn that the word to /peak is etymologic-lly conneéted with ¢ to {plit’ and ‘to bresk ;° and that f{peech contemplates language as broken or cut into words. Hence the Accidence rigttly fays, § Speech has eight parts :’ where tongue or language would be improper. Every thing islpegch which is articulate ; ¢ the fpeech of your parrot is very diftin& :* but only that which is intelligible is a tongue. Where the fame language is fpoken or written wito varistions, fuch variations are called dialects. In Great Britain the Humber is the limitary line of dialeét : north of it every thing tends to the Scot- tith pronunciation and idiom ; fouth of it every thing tends to the Englifh pronun- ciation andidiom. Edinburgh and Lon- don have diflinét dialels. A dialect is a {ubdivifion of a language. (To be continued.) —ocletadimgi3 To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. SIR, 1h is not prefumed that the few following remarks, made during a fhort refidence in the iflands of Malta and Sicily, are cal- culated to impart to the readers of the Monthly Magazine any information of great importance #but fhould they be deemed capable of affording them the fmalleit anufement, they are muchat your fervice, and the purpofe of the writer will be fully anfwered. I was furlunate enough to leave Egypt, fhortly afier the evacuation of it by the French troops, and, after a paflage of three wecks, entered the principal har- bour in the ifland of Malta, on the 16th of November, 1801. This harbour is fituated eaftward of the city of Valetta, and is perhaps better fecured from the vio- lence of the elements, or the moleftations of an enemy, than any other in the world. Its entrance, on each fide of which are fortifications of uncommon ftrength. is extremely narrow; but the bafon, in which are feveral feparate harbours, ‘is. capable of containing a vaft number of vedlels, and is furrounded by lofty and well-forti- fied ground. The exireme narrowne({s of the entrance, however, though it adds greatly to the fecurity of the thipping, has alfo its inconveniences, by cauling fre- 3 T quent 14 quent delaysfand difficulties to veflcls get- ting in or out. I myfelf knew a man-of- war that wag beating off the ifland twenty- three days, and wasat iaft obliged to give up the attempt to enter the harbour, and ficer for Meffina in Sicily. To do away this obftacle, it has been propofed to make a cut from the bottom of the harbour to the oppofite fide of the sfland ; and this project has been thought to be extremely practicable. There is another excellent harbour w:ftward of the city, which is however but little ufed. I was detained in quarantine till the evening of the 19th, when I difembarked, and took poficifion of lodgings which had been _previoufly procured for me in the city of La Valetta. This city ftands upon a penisfula, be- tween the two ports, and is the capital of the ifland. It is a large well-built town, and contains many handfome churches, ‘and other edifices, both public and pri- vate. Amongft the former St. John’s church is the moft confpicuous : it is ex- ternally a fine piece of architeGture, and Its interior is moft richly decorated, con- taining many fpecimens of fine tapeftry, and a number of excellent paintings: the floor is alfo extremely curious, being beautifully inlaid with various f{pecies of the fineft marble ; but this, in common with every other place of worfhip, was ftript of its maffive candlefticks, and cther geld and filver ornaments, by the French. The palace is a very large handfome building ; as is alfo another extenfive ftrustere, at prefert ufed as a common cofiee-room, but which was built and fit- ted up by the knights for the reception of the public-library, to which purpofe, however, it has not yet been appropriated : this library, which is open to all defcrip- tions of perfons, is a very extenfive one ; but I did not underfiand it to eontain any manuicripts cr other books of peculiar icarcity or value. The ftreets of Valetta are well paved, but rather too narrow. The houfes are built of white (tone, and are in general lofty and handfome: the fronts of mott of them had formerly been ornamented with coats of arms ; but thefe, with very. few exceptions, had beenéither totally de- ftroyed or grealty defaced by the democra. tic but puerile enthufiaim of the French. There are feveral good inns in this city, which have been eflablifhed fince the En- glifh became mafters of theifland. Tiere are alfo numerous rcoms where moft deli- Cious iced creams may daily be had: thefe are made (it it is not an Irithifm to fay {0) of fiow, brought fiom Mount Remarks on Malta and Sicily. [Jan, J, fEtna. Provifions of ali kinds are good and plentiful, but were at this time rather expenfive, owing to the extraordinary numbers of failois and foldiers upon the ifland, and to the markets being in a great mealure dependent upon Sicily for fupplies. From Sicily is alfo imported a great va- riety of fruits ; although the ifland itfelf produces oranges, lemons, &c., &c., in great quantities, and of the fincét flavour. Within feven miles of Valetta is a fmall town called Civita Vecchia, fituated upon a confiderable eminence, and com- manding a fine view of the whole ifland. St. Paul’schurch is its principal ornament : it bears fome refemblance to that of St. John in Valetta, but is a more modern building, and, from being lefs gaudy, I thought it more elegant. Here are allo fome very large catacombs; but having feen fomany in Egypt, I had no curiofity to vifit thefe : they are excavations in the earth, formed into feveral'apartmen's, in which the ancients, particalarly the Egyp- tians, preferved the bodies cf the dead.— Two miles beyond this place is a village called Bochetra, where there are fome ex- tenfive and beauriful orange-groves.— Here alfo is a very large and hand‘ome building, which was formerly a monaflery, but it is now converted into a barrack.— On this fide of the ifland is an aquedudt, extending upwarcs of nine miles, by which, during the rainy feafons, great fupplies of water are conveyed to the capi- tal. The grand-matter’s country-feat, now in pofleffion of Mr. Cameron, the civil-commiflioner, is alfo in this neigh- bourhood, and cloie to the village of St. Antonio: the houfe is handiome, and the gardens are the mott extenfive, the beft laid out, and the moft produive of any on the ifland. ‘ On the fame day in which I vifited the above mentioned places I returned to Va- Jetta, and in the evening went to the ope- ra, where Italian comesies are reprefented : the houfe is bad, and the performance worfe ; but indeed better cannot fairly be expected from either, when we confider that eightpence is the price of admifhon to the boxes, and thatthe houfe in gene- ral is but. thinly attended. The only other public amufement is a fubicription- bail, held at the large coffee-room before- mentioned, ofce a fortnight, which a lover of oddity will find a great treat in attending ;.the Maltefe, men and women (particularly the latter), vying with each ethe: in their endeavours to caricature the human form; for in all the exuwavagant buifoonery of Sadler’s-Wells, Afley’s, Cog -1806.] &c., I have never feen figures more ridicu- loufly dreffed. Shovld (upper or refrefh- ments be introduced, the {cene of greedy confufion is beyond defcription: they not only eat almoft to buriting, but in the moft open and barefaced manner pocket every eatable thing they can lay their hands up- on. Notwithfianding this apparent want of civilization, the Maltefe are neither a rude nor an unpolifhed people; on the con- trary, their manners are in general conci- liating, unafluming, and obliging. They are, however, faid to be revengeful ; and the common people are dangetuus when in liquor ; but they are fortunately not much addiéted to drinking. The Maltefe are alfo a more indultrious fet than the na- tives of moft of theneighbouring countries ; though it muft at the fame time be con- feffed that they are rather Jewish in their dealings, The chief produ&ions of the ifland are barley and cdtton, of both of which, as well as of their fruits, they have two har- vefts in the year. They grow cotton in very confiderable quantities, and manufac- ture it into fiockings, ftuffs, &c.: the lace and jewellery trades are alfo carried on to a confiderable extent. The Maltefe are atively made, about the middle ftature, and of a fwarthy com- plexion, The language fpcken by the higher clafles is Italian, by the lower ordcrs a mixture of Italian and Arabic. : It is not within the limits of this little Narrative to enter into a minute, military account of this ifland. Iis capital, La Valetta, by nature ftrong, is alfo indebied to the talents of the moll celebrated engi- neers, for centuries paft, for every fpecies of fortification, ancien: as well as modern, thatart could invent, to render it impreg- nable. Its works are conftantly extended, in conf quence of a law which requires the grand-matter to expend two. thirds of his falary cn the ifland ; and every article of confumption is fo.cheaply obtained, that a confiderable refidue is annually applied to fome public purpofe. Each grand- mafter feems to have perpetuated his name by adding to the ftrength of the ifland, the different works bearing the name of the perfon who caufed them to be erected ; and fo great has been the increafe, that the whole of the inhabitants not refidents of the capital can in cafe of neceffity retire within the outer works, and detend them- filves, wihout interfering with the city itfelf. The more diftant parts of the ifland are no lefs indebted to nature and art than the capital. The Jeffer harbours, into which on'y boats can enter, are defended Remarks on Malta and Silicy. 515 by numerous redoubts with pieces of ar. tillery and immenfe mortars cut in the rock : one of thefe mortars, which was once fired off whilft I wasin the ifland, by way of experiment, was of the following enormous dimenfions: — Chamber 14 inches deep, 22 inches in diameter ; dix- meter of the mortar 6 feet ; weight of ftones for each charge g tons, The ifland is itfeif a continuation of fhelving rocks from the centre to the fhore, with a flat furface between the ridges, of from twenty to eighty yards in width. On this furface earth brought from Sicily for the purpofes of agriculture is laid, and, to retain it, wails of loofe ftone, from four to five feet high, are built, which ferm a fucceffion of breaft- works againft mufketry, fhould the inha- iiaots be driven from the fhore. It mays in fa&t, be aiferted of Malta, that, without the aid of treachery or famine, it could ne- ver be taken; and it is generally under- ftocd that the knights were bribed to des liver it into the hands of the French ; and it is cerrain that the French were reduced by famine to the neceffity of furrendering it to the Englifh. Having ob'ained permiffion to return to my native country, I determined to avail myfelf of the opportunity to vifit Sicily, Italy, and France ; and accordingly, about midnight on the 26th of December, ac~ companied by three other officers, fet fail for the former country in an open boat, called a {parinaro, and arrived at Syracufe by eight o’clock on the following morning. In this voyage we were chafed by an Al- gerine corvette for nearly four hours, but the wind blowing ftrong upon the fhore, we were fortunate enovgh to efcape ; but never fh-ll I forget the confternation de- picted on the countenances of our poor Si- cilian mariners, till we were totally free fiom danger. Syracufe lies on the fouth-weft part of the ifland, and was onceits capital, but is at prefent greatly reduced. ‘The harbour is well defended by ftrong batteries, and is extremely fecure and capacious. The inn to which we were conduéted by our pilot, and which I believe to be the only one in the town, had a molt difcouraging external appearance, but the accommoda-~ tions were not to be complained of : the landlord is a prieft ; but from the extra- vagance of his bills I fhould much doubt his being a conicientious one: we gave him, however, what we under{tood to be reafonable, with which, though he affested to. murmur, I dare fay he was in reality well fatisfed, 3T2 The 516 Ths principal objects fhewn as curio- fities here are the church of St. Lucia, the well of Arethuf2, and the cave of Dio- nyfius: fix large pillars, the relits of a temple formerly dedicated to Minerva, form part of the prefent church of St. Lucia, the front of which pleafed me as a beauriful piece of architeéture more than any thing I had ever feen. In the church are fome antiques, which I did not think very cu- rious, though they are preferved with great care, and fhewn with equal oftenta- tion, by the prielts. The well of Arethufa was formerly fuppofed to pofle{s the power of infpiring courage, and the inhabitants are {aid conftantly to have drank of it prior to their going to war; at prefent it has the appearance of a common horfe-pond, and J fhould hardly think it retains any ofits heroic particles, at lealt if it does, I fuppofe the application muft be exter- nal, for when I faw it there were ftand- ing in it about thirty old women, wathing a fufficient quantity of dirty Sinen 10 caufe what Palftaff calls ‘* a villainous compound of horrid fmells.’* The cave of Dionyfius is faid to have been a prifon excavated in the rock by order of that ty- rant whofe name it bears, andfo conftruét- ed as to enable bim to hear, from an apart- ment over the: door, the loweft whifper ; and as thefe whifpers were generally mur- murings ‘at his oppreflion, they were fol- lowed by the fevereft punifhments that in- genuity could devile or barbarity infli&t. We introduced ourfelves to the inhabi- tants of Syracufe in a manner which, un- explained, would ftamp us as the moft un- blufhing mortals that England, of even her filter kingdom (move remarkable for that fpecies of modeft affurance), ever produced. After getting our dinner at the inn, we in- quired of our hoft if there were any public amufements, and, as well as we could in- terpret his language, underftood that they wereall fufpended on account of the fune- ral of anobicman, which was to take place that evening. We accordingly fallied forth with the intention of feeing the pro- ceffion and ceremony, and foon finding a houfe at the door of which were a number Of carriages, fiimbeaux, &c., we boldly entered, nothing doubting but that the body was theré lying in fate; but upon being fhewn into a. room, we were thunder- ftruck to find a large party as merry as heart could wifh, and doing emple justice to a fumptuous fupper.- We were in- ftantly and moft politely welcomed hy the owner of the hovfé, whem we learnt tobe the Marquis de Caltalentini ; the Marquis de Gargallo, governor of the town, alfo Remarks on Malta and Sicily. [ Jan. 1, introduced himfelf to us, and requefted we would dine with him on the following day : they further defired to condué& us, after fupper, to the houfe of another no- bleman, where there would be a comver/a- xione, or rout. To this we accordingly went, and were again moft politely receiv- ed. There were affembled more than an hundred people of both fexes, who fung, played at cards, and danced, till a late hour. We now learned that our landlord had intended to explain to us that there was no opera or other public amufement, on account of the death of the hereditary princefs of Naples, for whom this was the laft day of public mourning. Here we met with a captain of the Britifh navy, whofe veflel was then lying in the harbour, who gave a public breakfaft on board the following morning, at which were pre- fent moft of the principal inhabitants, and amongft them feveral very pretty women. At the Governor’s dinner, which follow- ed clofe upon the heels of the breaktaft, were upwards of forty perfons : the table was furnifhed with a number of made- difhes, and a very large affortment of painted boards: it was in fact fo little to my tafte, that I fecretly congratulated myfelf upon having fecured a hearty breakfaft. The Governor, however, is a man of very polifhed manners, and is the fame perfon who, a few years fince, fo gal- lantly defended the capital of the ifland of Elba againft the French. A French Ge- neral and his Aid-de-Camp were alfo at table : the former had loft a leg in Egypt: they were pleafant men. The dinner (1 mean the eating) lafted full three hours, ~when the company rofe and feparated.— In the evening we again went to the com- verfazione, and were again moft politely received and agreeably entertained.— Here we remained till twelve o’clock, at which hour we had appointed our boat to be in readinefs to convey us to Catania, for which place we accordingly failed ‘* with favauring gale,” and by day-light in the following morning were in fight of the town. It lies at the foot of Mount Etna, of which ttupendous mountain we had an ‘excellent profpegt the whole day. About fix in the evening we landed, and were conduéted .to a very tolerable tavern, called the Elephant : this name it derives from a very large flone figure of that ani- mal which fiands in the centre of a fquare of which the inn forms a part. _Upon the back of the figure is a caitle, and round its pedefta]l a fountain, by which the inhae bitants are fupplied with freth-water. (To be eontinued.) For \ 1806.} For the Monthly Magazine. SUPPOSED WELCH INDIANS in the WES™ TERN PARTS 6f NORTH-AMERICA.* N O circumftance relating to the hiftory of the Weftern Country probably has excited, at different times, more ge- neral attention and anxious curiofity, than the opinion, that a nation of white men, fpeaking the Welch language, refide high up onthe Miffouri. By fome the idea is treated as nothing but the fuggeltion of bold impofture and ealy credulity ; whilft others regard it as a faét fully authenti- cated by Indian teftimony, and the report of various travellers worthy of credit. The fa& is accounted for, they fay, by recurring to a paflage in the hiftory of Great Britain, which relates, that feveral years before the difcovery of America by Chriftopher Columbus, a certain Welch prince embaiked from his native country with a Jarge party of emigrants ; that after fome time a veflel or two came back With the account that they had difcoveneda country far to the weftward, and that they fet fail again with a frefh reinforcement, and never returned again any more. The country which thefe adventurers difcovered, it has been fuppofed, was the con‘inent of North-America ; and it has been conjeétured that they Janded on the continent, fomewhere in the Gulf of Mex- ico, and from thence proceeded northward, till they got out of the reach of the hottile natives, and feated, themfelves in the upper country of Miffouri. Many accounts accordingly have been publifhed, within the laft thirty years, of perfons who, either by accident, or the ardour of curiofity, have made themfelves acquainted with a nation of men on the Miffouri, pofiefling the complexion of Europeans, and the language of Welch- men. Could the fa& be well-eftablithed, it would afford perhaps the moft fatisfaétory folution of ‘the difficulty occafioned by a view of the various ancient fortifications with which the Ohio country abounds, of any that has ever been offered. Thofe fortifications were evidently never made * This article is extraéted entire froma new Medical and Phyfical Journal which was commenced at Philudelphia in the beginning of the prefent year. Mr. Toulmin’s Letter had alfo been handed to us by his father, Dr. Toulmin, of Birmingham, for feparate pub- lication, but we have thought it better to prefent our readers at the fame time with the Reply of the American Editor, Suppofed Welch Indians. 517 by the Indians. The Indian art of war prefents nothing of the kind. The proba- bility too is, that the perfons who con- ftruéted them were, at that time, acquaint- ed with the ule of iron: the fituation of thefe fortifications, which are uniformly in the moft fertile land of the country, indicates that thofe who made them were an agricultural people ; and the remark- able care and {kill with which they were executed, affords traits of the genius of a people who relied more on their military fkil] than on their numbers. The growth of the trees upon them is very compatible with the idea that it is not more than three hundred years ago that they were abandoned. Thefe hints however are thrown out ra- ther toexcite inquiry, than by way of ad- vancing any decided opinion on the fub- ject. Having never met with any of the perfons who had feen thele white Ameri- cans, nor even received their teftimony near the fource, I have always entertained confiderable doubts about the fact. Lak evening, however, Mr. John Childs, of Jeffamine county, a gentleman with whom I have been long acquainted, and who is well known to bea nian of veracity, com- municated a relation to me, which atali events appears to merit ferious attention, After he had related it in converfation, I requefted him to repeat it, and commit- ted it to writing. It has certainly fome internal marks of authenticity. The country which is d:fcribed was altogether unknown ia Virginia when the relation was given, and probably very little knowa to the Shawnees Indians ; yet the account of it agrees very remarkably with later, difcoveries. On the other hand, the ftory of the large animal, though by no means incredible, has fomething of the air of fable ; and it does not {atisfaétorily ap- pear how the long period which the party were abfent was {fpent; the Indiang are, however, fo much accuftomed to loi- ter away their time, that many weeks, and.even months, may probably have been» fpent in indolent repofe. Without detaining you any more with preliminary remarks, I will proceed tothe narration, as I received it from Mr, Childs. Maurice Griffith, a native of Wales, which country he left when he was about fixteen years of age, was taken.a prifoner by a party of Shawnces Indians, about forty years ago, near Vofles Fort, on the bead of Roanoke river in Virginia, and carried to the Shawnces nation. Having flaid there about ewo years and a half, he found 518 found that five young men of the tribe had a defire of attempting to explore the fources of the Miffouri. He prevailed up- on them to admit him as one of the party. They fet out with fix good rifles and with fix pounds of powder a-piece, of which they were of courfe very careful. On reaching the mouth of the Miffouri, they were ftruck with the extraordinary appearance occafioned by the intermixture of the muddy waters of the Miffouri and the clear tranfparenr element of the Miffit. fippi. They ftaid two or three days ainufing themfelves with the view of this novel fight : they then. determined on the courfe which they fhould purfue, which happened to be fo nearly in the courfe of the river, that they frequently came within fight of it as they proceeded on their journey. After travelling about thirty days through pretty farming wood-land, they came into fine open prairies, on which no- thing grew but long luxuriant grafs.— There was a fucceffion of thele, varying in fize, fome being eight or ten miles acrofs, but one of thenr fo long, that it eccupied three days to travel throughit. In pafiing through this large prairie, they were much diltrefled for water and provifions, for they faw neither bealt nor bird ; and, though there was an abundance of {alt {prings, frefh water was very fcarce. In one of thefe prairies the falt-fprings ran into {mall ponds, in which, as the weather was hot, the water had funk, and left the edges of the ponds fo covered with falt, that they fully fupplied themfelves with that article, and might eafily have colleét- ed bufhels cf it. As they were travelling through the prairies they had likewife the good fortune to kill an animal which was nine or ten feet high, and of a bulk propor- tioned to its height. They had feen two of the fame fpecies before, and they faw four of them afterwards. They were fwift-footed, and they had neither tufks nor horns. After having paffed through the long prairie, they mave it a rule never to enter on one which they could not fee acrofs, till they had fupplied themfelves with a fufficiency of jerked venifon to lat feveral days. Atter having tiavelled a confiderable time through the prairies, they came to very extenlive lead mines, where they melted the ore, and furnithed themfelves with what lead they wanied. ‘They after- wards came to two copper-mines, one of which was three miles through; and in feveral places they met with rocks of cop- pet-ore as large as houles, Suppofed Welch Indians. [Jan. 1, When atout fifteen days journey from the fecond copper-mine, they came in fight of white mountains, which, though it was in the heat of fummer, appeared to them to be covered with fnow. The fight na- turally excited confiderable aftonifhment ; but on their approaching the mountains they difcovered, that, inftead of fnow, they were covered with immenfe bodies of white fand. They had in the mean time paffed through about ten nations of Indians, from whom they reccived very friendly treatment. It, was the practice of the party to exercife the office of fpokefman in rotation ; and when the language of any nation through which they pafled was un- known to them, it was the. duty of the {pokefman, a duty in which the others ne- ver interfered, to convey their meaning by appropriate figns. The labour of travelling through the deep fandsof the mountains was exceffive; but at length they relieved themfelves of this difficulty, by following the courle of a thallow river, the bottom of which being: level, they made their way to the top of the mountains with tolerable convenience. After paffing the mountains, they en- tered a fine fertile tra&t of Jand, which having travelled through for feveral days, they accidentally met with three white men in the Indian drefs. Griffith imme- diately underftood their language, as it was pure Welch, though they occafionally made ufe of afew words with which he was not acquainted. However, as it hap-’ pened to be the turn of one of his Shawnees companions to aét as fpokef{man or inter- preter, he preferved a profound filence, and never gave them any intimation that he underftood the language of their new com. panions. After proceeding with them four or five days journey, they came to the village of thefe white men, where they found that the whole nation was of the fame co- lour, having all the European complexion. The three men took them through their villages for about the {pace of fifteen miles, when they came to the council- houfe, at which an aflembly of the king > and chief men of the nation was immedi- ately held. The council lafted three days, and, as the ftrangers were not fuppofed to be acquainted with their language, they were fuffered to be prefent at their delibe- rations, The great queftion before the council was, what conduét fhould be ob/ferved to- wards the ftrangers. From their fire-arms, their knives, and their tomahawks, it was concluded 1806.) _ concluded that they were a warlike people. Tt was conceived that they were {ent to Took out for a country for their nation ; that, if they were fuffered toreturn, they might expect a body of powerful invaders ; ‘but that if thefe fix men were put to death, nothing would be known of their country, and they would ftill enjoy their poffeffions in fecurity. It. was finally determined that they fhould be put to death. Griffith then thought it was time for him to fpeak. He addreffed the council in the Welch language. He informed them that they had not been fent by any nation ; that they were actuated merely by private curiofity, they had no hoftile intentions ; that it was their with to trace the Miffouri to its fource ; and that they fhould return to their country fatis- fied with the difcoveries they had made, without any with to diftturb the repole ot their new acquaintances. An initant aftonifhment glowed in the countenances not only of the council but of his Shawnees companions, who clearly faw that he was underitood by the people of ‘the country. Full confidence was at once given to his declarations : the king advanced and gave bimhishand, They abandoned the defign ef putting him and his companions to death, and from that Moment treated him with the utmof friendthip. Grifith and the Shawnees continued ¢ight months in the nation ; . but were deterred from profecuting their refearches up the Miffour: by the advice of the people of the country, who inform- ed them that they had gone a twelve- month’s journey up the river, but fcund it as large there as it was in their cwn coun- try. As to the hiftory of this people he could Jearn nothing fatisfactory. The only ac- count they could give was, that their fore- fathers had come up the river from a very diftant country. They had no books, no records, nO writings. They intermixed wih no other people by marriage; there was not adark-fkinned man inthe nation. Their numbers. were very confiderable, There was a continued range of fettle- mentson the river for fifty miles, and ‘here were within this fpace three large water- couriea which fell into the Miffouri, on the banks of each of which they were like- Wife fettled. He fuppofed thar there mult be fifty thoufand men in the nation capable Of bearing arms. ‘Their cloathing was fkins wefl dreffed. Their houfes were made of upright polts and the bak of tices. Tne only implement they had to Suppofed Welch Indians, 519 cut them with were ftone tomahawks ; they had noiron. Their arms were bows and arrows. They had fome Silver, which had been hammered with ftones into coarfe ornaments, but it did not appear to be pure. They had neither horfes, cattle, fheep, hogs, nor any domeltic nor tame animals. They lived by hunting. He faid nothing about their religion, Griffith and his com anions had fome large iron tomahawks with them. With thefe they cut down a tree, and prepared a canoe to retura home in: but their toma- hawks were fo great a curiofity, and the people of the country were fo eager to handle them, that toeir cavoe was come. pleted with very Jittle labour. When this work was accomplifhed, they propof- ed to leave their new friends: Griffith, however, having promifed te vilit them again, They defcended the river with confide- rable {peed, but amidft frequent dangers, from the rapidity of the current, particu- larly when pafling throwgh the white mountains. When they reached the Shaw. nees nation, they had beeo abfent about two years and a half, Griffith fuppoled that when they travelled they went at the rate of about fifteen miles per day. Ge ftaid but 4 few months with the Ine dians after his return, as a favourable ope portunity off-red iclelf to him to reach his friends in Virginia. He came with a hunting-party of Indians to the head- waters of Coal-river, which runs into New. river not far above the falls. There he left'the Shawnees, and ealily reached the fettlements on Roanoke. Mr. Childs knew him before he was taken prifoner; and fiw him a few davs after his return, when he narrated to him the precedivg circumitances. Griffith was univerfally regarded as a fteady honet man, and a man of fri& veracity. “Mr, Childs has always placed. the utmoft con- fidence in his account of himfelf and his travels, and’ has no more doubt of the truth of his relation than if he had feen the whole himilelf. Whether Grifhth be iil alive or not he dogs not know. Whether his ideas be correct or not, we fhall probably havea better opportunity of judeing on the return of Caprains Lewis and Clark ; who, thougn they may not pe- netrate as tar as Grilhth alleged that he had dong, will probably learn enough of the country to enable us to determine whe: ther the account given by Griffith be fics tion or treth. Harry Toutmin, Frankford, Dec. 12, 1804. OBSER= §20 GESERVATIONS on the preceding, by the EDITOR of the PHILADELPHIA MEDI- CAL and PHYSICAL JOURNAL. THE ftory of a Welch colonization of America has excited much curiofiry both in Europe and the Uniied States : by many it is believed, while by others it is thought ~unworthy of any attention. By reafon of the prefent rapid progrefs of fettlement in America, the time cannot be remote when the truth or falfity of this ftory will be completely efiablifhed, In the mcan while Ido not hefitate to conj.cture, that xo traces of the defcendants of the Welch prince avill ever be difcovered in the Weftern parts of . North- America, It may not be impreper to notice the tale upon which fo many perfons, -in Eu- rope at Jeaft, reft their hope’ of proving, in the moft fatisfactory manner, that the Welch have ccntributed to the peopling of America. David Powel, a Welch hiftorian, in- forms us, that on the deceafe of Owen Goyneth, king of North- Wales, a.difpute arofe among his fons concerning the fuc- ceflicn to the crown ; and that Madoc or Madog, one of the fons, “ weary of this contention, betook himéfelf to fea, in queft of a more quiet fettlement.”* We are informed, that “ he fteered due weft, leaving Ireland to the north, and ariived in an unknown country, which appeared to him fo defirable, that he returned to Wales, and carried hither feveral of his -adherents and companions. After this neither Madog nor his companions. were ever heard of more. The voyage of Ma- dog is faid to have been performed about the year 1170.” I have not feen Powel’s work, but I Jearn that this biftorian, who lived in the reign of Queen Elizabeth, and confequently ata great diltance of time from the event , which he reco:ds, adduces no better autho- rity in fupport of the voyage than a quo- tation from a Welch poet, ‘* which proves no more than that he (Madog) had diftin- guithed himfelf by fea and land.”’+ Some few Welfh words, fuch as gwrando, to hearken or liften, &c., are very feebly or unfortunately adduced by Powel as cir- cumitances favourable to the truth of the Welch emigration. When we confider, ** that the Welch were never a naval people ; that the age in which Madog lived was peculiarly ig- * Dr. Robertfen. : + Pennant’s Arctic Zoology, Introdution, p.celxili., &c. + Suppofed Welch Indians. (Jan. 1. norant in navigation ;”” that the compa(s was then unknown ; the Rory of the voy- ages of the Welch prince muft I think be confidered as extremely improbable. I am of opinion, with Mr. Pennant, that ** the moft which they could have attempt- ed mutt have been a mere coafting- voyage,” But it may be faid, we muft appeal to faéts ; and that, independevtly of the verfes of the Welch poet, and the argu-~ ments of the Welch hiftorian, it feems highly probable that a colony of white people, who fpeak the Welch language, does aétually exift in the weltera’ parts of North- America. I cannot, { muf confefs, adopt this opinion, I readily allow, that the rela- tions publifhed by Mr. Toulmin and many other perfons both inEurcpe and in America are extremely curious; but thefe relations are very inconfiftest with one another, particularly in what relates to the actual {tate of improvement of the fuppofed Welchmen. By fome we are told they are very far advanced in improvement 3 by others, that their improvement is not at all greater than that of the Red-men, or In- dians of America. At one time they are faid to be in poffeffion of manufcripts (and even printed books) ; at another time no- thing of this kind is found among them.— It muft be confeffed that Maurice Gi iffith’s relation is, in feveral refpeéts, more plau- fible than that of any preceding tYaveller ; but it is not unincumbered with inconfif- tencies, which I do not deem it neceflary to notice in tiis place. His affertion, “* that the white men of the Miffouri ipeak pure Welch,” even though this affertion be qualified by the'obfervation that ‘¢ they occafionally make ule of a few words with which he was not acquainted,” is to me one of the moft improbable things that have ever been related of thefe people — His filence about their religion is altoge- ther inexcufable. One would fuppofe that a perfon of Grifith’s inquifitive turn of mind would hardly have omitted to make fome inquiries refpeéling the reli- gious inftitutions of a people whom he confidered as his countrymen. If thefe people be the defcendants of Madog, fame traces of the Chriftian rel'gion may be ex- pected to be difcerned among them; for I think it requires many centuries to en- tirely efface from the memory of a people all velliges of theirreligion, efpecially from a people fo tenacious of their language, and fo little difpofed to intermix with their neighbours, as the Welch Indians are reprefented to be. But, 1806. ] But Griffith's relation is, I think, wor- thy of fomeattention. I even think it not altogether improbable that future. re- fearches will eftablifh the fact, that there does exift in the weftern parts of North- America a race or nation of men whole complexion is much fairer than that of the furrounding tribes of Inaians, and who fpeax a language abounding in Welch or Celtic words. But the complete eftablith- ment of thefe two points would not prove the eftablithment of the truth of the affer- tion, that Prince Madog had ever made a voyage to America, or that a colony of Celts had at any period prior to the difco- wery of America by Columbus, paficd into this hemifphere from Britain. It may be thought, from the ftatement publifhed by Dr. Williams and fome other writers on the fubjeét, that the belief of the exiftence of a race of Welch Indians in America is generally admitted by the Welch, Indians, and others. But this is far from being the cafe. The late Mr. M'‘Gillivray, a man of no incontiderable powers of mind, and whofe curiofity was by no means confined to his own relatives, the Mufcohge, or Creek-Indians, inform- ed me, in the year 1790, that he knew no- thing of the exiftence of any white- people ip the tract of country beyond the Miflif- ippi. PAhe following is an extraé&t of a letter (dated Downing, June 14, 1792) from my learned and excellent friend the late Mr. Thomas Pennant, of Wales : «© My countrymen are wild among the Padoucas, or Welch Indians, defcendants of Madog, now feated about the upper partsof the Miffouri. Iam rather in dif- grace, not having the warmelt hopes of their difcovery. Pray what is your opi- nion, and that of your philofophers ?”” In anfwer to the above I wrote a letter, of which the following is a part : “« T have heard a great deal about the Welch Indians. I very early imbibed your opinion, as delivered in your Arétic Zoology,* and mentioned you on the fub- ject in a little workt which I publifhed in England at the age of ** * *, J do not know whether you have {een that work. T do xot mean to hint that it is worthy of ns * See the Introduétion to the worlc, pages 263, 264. + Obtervations on fome Parts of Natural Hittory ; to which is prefixed an Account of feveral remaikable Veftiges of an ancient * Date which have been difcovered in different Parts of North-America, PartI., London, 797: Montury Mac, No. 137. Suppofed Welch Indians. 5at +> = your attention. I certainly think there is fome foundation for the ftory ; but [have no doubt but the whole affair will turn out very different from adifcovery of Madog’s defcendants in America. “« Thave faid, that I think there is fome ground for the ftory. I (hall explain my- felf. You know that many of the firft vi- fitors of the New-World were ftruck with the refemblance which fubfifts between fome of the American nations. and the Jews. Some Hebrew words were found in this continent, as they have been every where elfe. The Americans were now faid to be the defcendants of the Jews 5 and Adair Jaboured very hard to prove the matter ina ponderous quarto, which few people read, becaufe it is big with fyflem and extravagance, though indeed it contains fome curious and accurate mate ter. In like manner, in the languages of fome of the American tribes there are found fome words which are a good deal analogous to words in the languages of the ancient Celts. Wafer, who was a very re{pectahle obferver, if we confider his oc- cupation in life, mentions the coincidence he found between the language of the In- dians of Darien and that of the Highland Scots ; and I could produce inftances of their coincidence. Some Greek words are alfo found in certain of the American lan- guages. I would not ftrain a point fo much as fome writers have, who mention the coincidence which fubffts between the Greek Theos and the Mexican Teotl.— The word Potowmack, which is the name of one of our great rivers, is a good deal like the Greek Potamos.* Thefe jwords (perhaps they are accidental refembiances) have given rife to fome of the numerous theories which we have had concerning the peopling of this great continent: and I doubt net that fome * * * * or perfon who underftood the Welch language, find- ing Celtic words (a language fpoken by the Welch) among the Americans, in the fullnefs of his zeal would bring his coun- trymen among the Padoucas, Apaches, &c. «© Such, I believe, has been the origin of this wonderful flory. I prefume, that, were an ignorant Highlander to vifit the * The Abbé Molina (in his ‘¢ Compendio de la Hiftoria Civil del Reyno de Chile, &c., Parte Segunda,” pages 334, 335) 248 pointed out fome very flriking inftances of refem- blance between the Greek and Chilefe Jan- guages. He has alfopointed out fome refem- blance between the Latin and the Chilefe,— February 19, 1205, 3 U Darien, ‘ 522 The Ward ‘to refign’ re-confidered.—Subfcriprion-Librarics. [Jan. 15 Darien Indians, or fome other American tribes, he would fancy himfelf among his “countrymen, whom painting, expolure to the fun, &c., he might fuppofe had exalt- ed or degraded to their prefent tinge. I Jately converfed with an old Highlander, who faid, that the Indians fpeak the High- Jand language. Some Highland words were mentioned by him ; **** one word **** T recolle&, the word teine, which in the Highland language, he faid, figni- fies fire: now our Delaware Indians call fire teriday ; the refemblance in found is certainly not fmall. ‘The Celts have un- doubtedly been very widely fpread over the globe: i believe they exifted in this country, and that their defcendants are fome o; the prefent tribes.* That Celtic words fhoul be found among the Ameri- cans, when Celtic words are to be found almoft every where elfe, is not I think to be wondered at.” a To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. SIR, ILL you permit me to offer a few remarks on the obje&tions which » are urged, in your Magazine for Septem- ber laft, againft a very common applica. tion of the word refign ? It is there con- tended that this term ought not to be em- ployed to denote fubmiflion to Providence in adverfity. . This is faid to be ** a cant and techni- cal ule of the term, which f{mells of the conventicle, or rather of the mafs-houfe.” Now, what is the original and proper im- port of this word? To fign again, to yield up, to transfer, Let common fenfe, therefore, decide whether it is more cb- jectionable to fay, ** I refign mylelf to the willof God,” than to fay, ‘*I refign my feat to you,”” or to employ the term in any other ufual way, This refignation of mind mutt include and imply content- ment with whatever lot Providence may affign us, and patient acquiefcence if that Jot be adverfe. Is there any reafon, then, tor rejecting the ule of the term in that fenfe? On the contrary, is there not fomething peculiarly appofite in the reli- gious application of it? The good man regards life, reafon, and all his endow- ments as the gifts of his Creator: yet he does not wifh to keep the property which he has received to be employed merely at * Very confiderable fragments of the Ce!- tic diale&s are {till preferved in America, particularly, if I do not miftake, among the Ranticokes, and the Katalbaor Katawbas.— February 19, 1805. his own pleafure, but is ‘* defirous to re- jign and render back” himfelf and all that has been given him, to be difpofed of ac- cording to the will of the donor: and it is evident that this refigned difpofition of mind muft be particularly called into exer- cife in a {tate of adverfity. This pious ufe of the word in queftion, therefore, has a clofe affinity with the original meaning of it, and is equally appropriate and ex- preflive. Your Correfpondent alfo feems to con- fider this fignification of the word as ano- vel and unauthorized mode of employing it, which muft foon fall into difufe.— «There arealready (fays he) traces of it in French books of devotion ;” and he concludes his remarks by pronouncing it to be ** not likely to endure.” But fure- ly the fact is, that the word under confi- deration has been very long and generally ufed in the fenfe which he condemns. In fupport of this affertion I appeal not merely to works ot devotion, either French or Englith, but to books of every defcrip- tion, and to oralufage. And this accep- tation of the word is fo thoroughly efta- blithed, that one may venture to affirm that it will laft as long as the language itfelf. The account which your Correfpondent gives refpecting the origin of the religious application of the term, is very conjectu- ral and improbable. This form of em- ploying it appearsto be perfectly obvious and natural; and when a plain, rational, and fatisfa€tory, account of the matter lies fo near us, why wander fo far to fetch an ambiguous expianation? TREBOR, Worcefter, November, 1805. EE To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine. SIR, EING in the cuftom of vifiting Aber- 7 deen, in one of my laft tou:s I in- quired if there were any antiquarian or literary fociety or fub{cription library there, and was much furprifed at not finding either the one or the other; there is, I am told, an Atheneum, in whicha good number of newlpapers, and fome of the molt refpeétable periodical publica- tions, are‘taken in; andin a room above that a circulating-library. This laf © know to be, andI pretume the Atheneum is alfo, the property of two very re{pect. able bookfellers there ; but the two unit- ed by no means reach the utility of either a literary fociety or a fubfcription- library, inwhich the books, &c., are the property of'the members, and whofe coneerns, fuch as 1806. ] as the ordering of books, &c., are con- duéted by a committee of the fociety. Few of thofe who know that there is no fuch inftitution there, when they confider the refpectability of the place, either in a commercial or literary view, but mutt feel greatly aftonifhed ; and more particularly will the want appear, whenitis alfo known, that in Montrofe, Arbroath, Dundee, and Perth, places much fmaller than Aber- deen, and not poffefling any college. efta- blifhment, there are fubfcription-libraries on the above plan ; nay, that Perth has alfo an antiquarian fociety ! Subjoined is a lift of fome other places in North Britain enjoying the advantages ef fuch eftablifhments as I would recom- mend to Aberdeen, many of whom, it is obvious, have nor near the profpeét of fuccels that that place could command :— Glafgow, Paifley, Greenock, Kilmarnock, Linlithgow, Haddington, and, on the borders of Northumberland, Dunfe, and Kelfo. The annual fub{cription to none of the above is more, in fome cafes not fo much, as the Athenzum at Aberdeen; and they poffefs a very excellent and increafing fe- leStion of books. Tam forry to be informed, that neither Invernefs; Banff, or Peterhead, poffefs fuch inftitutions, particularly the firft, which prefents {uch an abundant number of ob- jeéts to the antiquarian, and is furrounded by, and contains, fo many gentlemen of fuch diftinguifhed liberality and ingenuity. At this place the ‘* Northern Meeting’’ was eltablifhed, for the avowed purpofe of promoting intercourfeamong diftant fami- lies ; but how much more might be effeét- ed of general amelioration and comfort, by the eftablifhment of a literary and anti- quarian fociety, in which fubjeéts connect- ed with general improvement might be difcuffed, and books on chemiftry, agri- culture, and other more immediately ule- ful parts of knowledge, colleéted. Tam, Sir, &c. A TRAVELLER, York-Hotel, Bridge ftreet, Blackfriars. ——e— For the Monthly Magazine. An ACCOUNT of the PRESENT STATE of TOURNAY. Tranflated from CAMUS. HREE confiderable manufactories, two of China and one of carpets, are to be noticed at Tournay. One of the China-manufaétories is of long date.— There is made at ita great quantity of what is called blue-and-white, with which all Flanders is fupplied. They have at this manufaory a particular procefs in Prefent State of Tournay: 523 forming cups and other like veffels. They do not turn them on the lathe, or compre{s the clay ina mould ; but they dilute it in water, and when the liquid has acquired a proper confiftency, they pour it into moulds, twoor three hundred of which are ranged together. When they have filled them all, they return to the firft in the row: the liquid part is drawn off by a gentle inclination; the furplus adheres to the fide of the veffel ; it forms the piece which it is intended to make. It is de- tached by means of a flight ftroke from the mould: it is left to dry, and then baked. Citizens Piat and Febvre are the pro- ptietors of the carpet-manufaftory. It is interefting on account of the number of perfons whom it employs ; feven hundred in the town, and three thoufand in the fub- urbs, and in this number very young children. The wool is ufed as it is taken from the back of the animal, and, except a great part which is fent into the country to be fpun, undergoes all the neceffary preparations of combing, foinning, dying, and weaving, in the houfe. This manufaétory is important alfo on account of the goods which they fabricate init. Thefe are mock-velvets or plufhes, with the nap cut, as finifhed velvets, or with the nap not cut, as fhorn velvets, and carpets in imitation of thofe of Sivo- na. The condustors of the manufactory allow that the carpets of this kind have not the merit of thofe of Savona, either with refpeét to the diftin& and fixed na- ture of the colours, or the beauty of the patterns. They affert that their weaving is of the beft quality, and their carpets not fo liable to rent as thofe of Savona.— They alfo execute their work with quicker difpatch at Tournay than at Savona.— Mock-velvet carpets are fabricated at Lifle and many towns. Thofe of Citizens Piat and Le Febvre furpafs the others in the thicknefs of the nap, the richnefs of the colours, the harmony of the defign, and the good tatle difplayed in the collec-~ tion of the parts of which it is compofed. A carpet of mcck-velvet is not to be compared, in point of duration, with the carpets of Savona. Thefe will adorn a rcom for two or three ages of man: 2 carpet of mock velvet will not lalt above a few years. The price is alfo in propor~ tion. A carpet of mock-velvet fells for twenty or thirty fols a fquare foot; a fquare foot of a carpet of Savona colts from eight to ten francs. The manufac- tory of Citizens Piat and Le Febvyre is in the height of profperity, and carried on 3U2 with , 524 with the greateft a&tivity. The orders for it exceed the number of carpets their fhops can {upply. Tournay has preferved its college ard its public library. The library was that of the chapter of the cathedral, The en- trance to it is through the church, which has been fadly laid wafle. The library- room isa fine one; and though it has been ftripped of its moft valuable books, fome excellent books and manu(cripts are preferved in it. Befides the books col- leGted together in this library, there re- mains a confiderable de pofit in the town- hall, where among many books of no va- Jue there is yet room to glean. I have feen there a fine Laétantius, printed at Venice 19th March, 1478. Under the library, ina {mall building, which rifes intoa wing, there are many rooms, formerly defigned for the retreat of old priefts, named by the chapter, and to whofe fupport many foundations contri- buted. They are converted into a houfe for the reception of aged and infirm citi- zens, who have fallen into misfortunes.— The number is. thirty. They furnith their own apartments, and clothe them- felves, Each bas a chamber and a fituing- voom to himfelf,. They take their meals together. In other quarters of the town there are houles for the reception of the fick, the aged, and orphans, without mentioning houfes fupported by the produce of parti- cular foundations. The hofpital for the fick has forty- eight beds, fuch as I have def{cribed as uled at Mons, with fome of a new form. It is onder the dire&tion of three old reli- gious hofpitallers. The daily expence of the fick is eftimated at twenty-five fous, when bread is not very dear. Itis proper to remark on the article of the bread which is eaten in all the hofpitals of the United Departments, that no white- bread, fuch as is given in the hofpitals at Paris, is allowed, nor even what we call brown. It is almoft black, often made of rye only, without jeparating the bran from the flour, except that for the fick they fome- times buy white-bread. But we muft ob- ferve alfo; that the fame bread, though ina {mall quantity, is eaten in the belt houfes in the town. To ftrangers they ferve up white. bread, or bread of Paris ; and they difcover a Parifian by the quan- tity of bread which he cats, an enormous deal compared with what they confume in the country. The hofpital for the aged is an afylum for the old of either fex, to the number of Account of Tournape [ Jan. 1, an hundred, Since the adminiftrative commiffion eftablifhed by the law of Ven- demiaire in the fifth year, none are ad- mitted before the age of feventy-two. The commifsfion found that the nofpital had been encumbered by the protegées of the former truftees. They eat in a common- hall. Twice a-week meat is allowed.— The daily expence is eftimated at from thirty to forty fous. The labour is volun- tary, and the profit is given to hin who works. Some ofthe men go intothe town to labour. he hofpital for orphans, where I have feen two hundred and forty-eight young girls, had been a long time ill managed, through a bad economy. 68870) Extrafls from the Port-folio of a Man of Letters. NAVAL CHAPLAINS. Hall. Healfo gave an eftate of fixteen HE important addition of a chaplain to the eftabiifhment of our fhips of war feems, from the following letter of George Duke of Buckingham, to have been firft adopted in the year 1626: The Duke of Buckingham to the Univerfity of Cambridge. “¢ After my hearty commendations. His Majefty having given order for preach- ers fo goe in every of his fhips to fea, choyce hath been made of one Mr. Daniel Ambrofe, Mafter of Arts, and Fellow of your collece, to be one. Accordingly upon fignification to me come hither, f thought good to intimate unto you, that his Majelty is fo careful of fuch fcholars as are willing to put them{elves forward into fo good aétions, as that he will ex- fpe&, and Fdoubt nct but you will ac- cordingly take order, that the faid Mr. Ambrofe fhall fuffer noe detriment in bis place with you, by this his employment, but that you will rather take care that be fhall have allimmunities and emolumenis with advantage, which have been for- metly, or may be, granted to any upon the like fervice. Wherein not doubting of your afleionate care, I reft ‘¢ Your very loveing friend, «© G, BuCKINGHAM.” “ York Houfe, « Fuly 299 1626.” It was accordingly ordered that Mr. Ambrofe fhould have the benefit of his fellowhhip during the whole period of his fervice at fea. DR. RICHARD LOVE. Dr. Love was a Fellow of Clare Hall, and in 1632, on the particular recom- ’ mendation of Charles I. was made Maf- ter of Corpus Chrifti college. He was ‘one of the four heads of hovfes, who, at the general turning out of the loyal cler- gy, preferred their places to their loyalty. After the reftoration, in 1660, he was made Dean of Ely. EDWARD LEEDS, M.A. PREBENDARY OF ELY. Mr. Leeds was .a ftudent of Chrift’s College, and took his degree of Matter of Astsin 1547. He was chaplain to Arch- bifhop Parker, and one of the molt emi- nent civilians of his day. When Mafter of Clare Hall he procured, in 1562, a grant of St. John’s hofpital, in the Ifle of Ely, to the Mafler and Fellows of Clare fowtuLy Mac. No. 137» pounds per araum to Emanuel College, and 1000 marks towards rebuilding the college. ARCHDEACON OF CAMBRIDGE. The Abbey of Ely was converted into the bifhopric of the fame name in the year 110g. Cambridgefhire was, on this oc- cafion, feparated from the diocefe of Lin- coln, of which it before conltituted part, and allotted to the new fee of Ely. A dif- tin& Archdeacon was alfo created, with the title of Archdeacon of Cambridze, the Sacrift of the church of Ely ftill being in poffeffion of archdiaconal jurifdicti n throughout the.Ifle of Ely. Th’s dif- tinétion was obferved during the time of Nicholas the firft Archdeacon of Cam- bridge, but was broken through by his uccefl:r William de Laventon; who, foon after his admiffion by the title of Archdeacon of Cambridge, with the con- fent, or at leaf by the connivance, of his uncle Dr. Hervey, aflumed both the title and power of Archdeacon of Ely. This produced a long and fpirited controverly between feverai Bifheps of Ely and the Archdeacons. SIDNEY COLLEGE. Queen Elizaheth granted a charter to the executors of the toundrefs to alter the ftatute, which decreed that no Do¢ior of Divinity fhould hold his fellowfh'p after being of feven years ftanding. By the charter, authority was given to deciaie the feliowfhips fhould be for life, JESUS GREEN, Jn. the year 1579 a difpute arofe be- tween the Univerfity and the Mayor of Cambridge, refpecting the inclofure of a common caljed Jefus Green, which had been done by the Mayor about a year be- fore, on pretence that it was done for the benefit of the poor. On this occafion the Council interfered, and commanded the Mayor to open the inclofure, unlc{S, upon a conference with the Vice-Chanéellor, the latter fhould concur in the propriety of inclosing it. PERMISSION TO ACT FLAYS IN THE UNIVERSITY REFUSEN. Lord Holles, whea Chancelior of Cam- bridge, wrote to Dr. Henry Butts, the Vice Chancellor, requefting that ths Queen of Bohemia’s fervants might exer- cite the faculty of playing in the Univers fity, it being then Lent; but Dr. Botts an{wered him, that it was againft the fta- ; “ey tutes, 538 tutes, and would bring fcandal on the Univerfity. He therefore refufed the ap- plication. PLAGUE AT CAMBRIDGE. In 1630 the King granted letters pa- tent to colle& money for she relief of thofe who were afflicted with the plague and peftilence then lately prevailing. Near 4000 perfons in Cambridge were infected with it, and it coft the Univerfity 20o!. a week to relieve them. After the poor had been provided for, a furplus remain. ed in the hands of the Vice-Chancellor and Mayor, upon which they prefented a petition to the King, ftating their hope that this furplus, together with what might be collcéted for future relief, and the re-eftablifhment of their ftock, which before the vifitation of the plague had been exhaufted by the erection of a work- houfe, at an expence of soo]. and a houle of corrcétion, to fet them again to work, and they therefore prayed for leave to in- clofe Jefus Green and other wafte lands, and that the overplus of the colle&tion might be expended in fetting the poor to work and the erection of a houfe of cor- re&tion, which was ordered accordingly. JOHANNES SCOTUS ERIGENA. He was anative of Ireland, and a pu- pil of Bede, urder whom he fludied at Cambridge. He was diltinguifhed as a lingvift, a divine, and atraveller, Ata late period of life he became a fchool- mafter at Malmfbury, where it is faid that his f{Cholars difpatched him with their penknives, on account of the morofene{s of his temper; but the condemnation of his book De Euchariffa, and his public reprobation of the doétrine of the real pre- feence, made it fufpe&ted that the pen- knives were not guided by {chool-boys. DISPUTE between the UNIVERSITY and the DOMINICAN @nd FRANCISCAN FRIARS. In the year 1303 4 difpute arofe be- tween the Univerlity men aod the Domi- nican and Francilcan Friars, and the af- fair growing ferious, Stephen the Chan- cellor thundered his excommunication againft the friars, expelling two of the moft aétive from the Univeriity. On this the friars appealed to the Pope, and each party appointed Progtors to manage the caule; bu:, at laft, confidering the ex- pence likely tobe incurred, and the length and difficulty of the journey, then pro- ceeded no farther than Bourdeaux, where they laid the matter beicre Cardinal St. Extraéts from the. Port-folio of a Man of Letters. [Jan 1, Sabine, who decreed, that the Chancel- lor fhould retraét his excommunication 5 that no at of the Regent Houfe fhould derogate from the rights of the friars; that the friars might preach at the fame time in their own convents that the public preaching was held in the Univerfity, and that the excommunicated fhould refume their places in the Univerfity. DR. SAMUEL WARD. This learned divine left to Sidney Col- lege, of which he was mafter, the valua- ble gold medal which was prefented to him by the States of the Low Countries when he came from the Synod of Dort, fifty pounds in cath, eighty old filver coins of the Roman Emperors, one gold medal of the Emperor Confians, fecond fon of Conftantine the Great, and the whole of his valuable MSS. JURISNICTION OF THE BISHOPS OF ELY. All the Chancellors of the Univerfity of Cambridge were confirmed by the Bifhops of Ely before they entered upon their office, until the year 1400, when the Pope exempted the Univerfity from this part of the Bithop’s jurifdiétion. EARLY EXCELLENCE, Tothe number of remarkable children lately enumerated, may be added Chrif- tian Henry Heineken, of Lubeck. His biography has been pvblithed by ‘his teacher, C. Von Schoenich, under the ti- tle «© Leben, Thaten, Reifen und Tod eines Jebr artigen und febr klugen vierjabrigens Kindes,” C. H, Heineken aus Lubeck, 1779- Life, Deeds, Travels, and Death of a very pretty and very clever child of four years old. C. H. Heineker, of Lu- beck. The account went through two editions, and was publifhed at Gottingen as well as Lubeck. EGYPTIAN BREWERIES. Michaelis tranflates the tenth verfe of the nineteenth chapter of Tiaiah in this manner: *f The weavers’ ftools fhall be overturned ; and the brewers of beer fhall break.’? He defends, in a learned note, this departure from the points, and qb- ferves, that the brewing of beer, or zy- thos, was in very early times a feparate trade in AZgypt, and that the different forts of beer were called after the cities in which they were brewed ; as we have our Burton ale and our London porter. Ii is not unlikely that Ofiris fet up the firft pub- lic brewery, and therefore paffed for the inventor of the ait. ORIGINAL 1806. ] f 539 J ORIGINAL POETRY. —— GLENDALLOCH. juny 1802. H? enchantment of the place has bound All nature in a fleep profound ; And filence of the ev’ning hour Hangs o’er Glendalloch’s hallow’d tow’r = A mighty grave-ftone, fet by Time, That, midi thefe ruins, ftands fublime, To point the elfe-forgotren heap, Where princes and where prelates fleep 5 Where Juathal refts th’ unnoted head, And Reivin findsa fofter bed : « Sods of the foil,’ that verdant fprings Within the fepulchre of kings. Herein the circling mountain’s fhade, In this vaft vault, by Nature made, Whofe tow’ring roof excludes the fkies With favage Ryle’s ftupendous fize 5 While Lugduff heaves his moory height, And giant Broccagh bars the light ; Here—when the Britifh fpirit broke, Had fled from Nero’s iron yoke, And fought this dreary dark abode, To fave their altars and their God, From cavern black with myftic gloom, (Cradle of Science, and its tomb) Where Magic had its early birth, Which drew the Sun and Moon to earth, From hollow’d rociz, and devious cell, Where Myftery was fond to dwell, And, inthe dark and deep profound, To keep th’ eternal fecret bound, (Recorded by no written art The deep memorial of the heart) In flowing robe, of fpotlefs white, Th’ arch-druid iffued forth to light 5 Brow-bound with leaf of holy oak, That never felt the woodman’s ftroke. Behind his head a crefcent fhone, Like to the new-difcover’d Moon 5 While, faming, from his fnowy veft, The plate of judgment clafp’d his breaft. Around him prefs’ the illumin'd throng, Above him rofe the light of fong ; And from the rocks and woods around Return’d the fieet-wing’d fons of found, «¢ Maker of Time! we*mortals wait - To hail thee at thy eaftern gate 5 Where, thefe huge mountains thrown afide, Expands for thee a portal wide. Defcend upon this altar, plac’d Amidft Glendalloch’s awful wafte ; So fhall the Pzan of thy praife Arife, to meet thy rifing rays, From Elephanta’s fculptur’d cavey To Eiren, of the weflern wave, And she rejoicing earth prolong The orbit of fucceffive fong : For we by thy reflexion fhine ! Who knows our God becomes divines ¢¢ But ah ! what dim and difmal fhade Cafts this ftrange horror o’er the glade ? Caufes een hearts of brutes to quake, And fhudders o’er the ftagnant lake ? What demon, enemy of good, Rolls back onearth this night of blood ? What dragon, of enormous fize, Devours thee in thy native fkies ? Oh, fave thy children from his breathy From chaos, and eternal death.” The Druid mark’d the deftin’d hour—« He mounted flow yon facred tow’r 5 Then ftood upon its cap fublime A hoary chronicler of time 5 His head, amidft the deathful gloom, Seem’d Hope new-rifen from the tomb 5 And, while he rais’d to Heav’n his hand, That ‘minitter of high command The terrors of the crowd reprefs’d, And {mooth’d their troubled Wave to reft-— Then {poke—and round the pillow'd ftone Deep filence drank his filver tone. “© He who from elemental ftrife Spoke all thefe worlds to light and life, Who yuides them through th’ abyfs above In circles of celeftial love, Has this vatt panorame defign’d A mirror of th’ eternal mind. To view of fuperficial eyes, In broken points this mirror lies And knowledge, to thefe points apply'd, Are lucid fpecks of human pride. From beams of truth diftorted, crofs’d, The image of our God is lott. Thofe, only thofe become divine Who can the fratur’d parts combine s Nature to them, and them alone, Refleéts from ev’ry part but one ; Their eagle-eye, arcund them caft, Detcries the future from the paft. Juftice will not annihilate What goodnefs did at firft create. The mirror fully’d with the breath Suffers flight change—it is not death That thadows yon bright orb of day : See! while I fpeak, the orient ray Breaks, fudden, through the darkfome fcene, And Heay’n regains its blue ferene. And foon the mild propitious pow’r, Which confecrates the ev’ning hour, Shall bend again her hlver bow, Again her fofter day shall throw, Smooth the dark brow of favage Ryle, And grim Glendalloch reach to {mile. Now, Druids, hail the joyous light 5 Fear Gud—be bokd—and do the right.” He ceas’d-—their chorus, {weet and ftrong, Roll’d jes full ftresm of fainted fong. ‘¢ ()h, fountain of our facred fire, To whom our kindred fouls afpire, (Struck from the vat chaotic dark, As from thefe fliuts we trike the {park) ,¥2 Th 540 Thou Lord of Life and Light and Joy, Great to preferve but not deftroy, On us thy favour?d offspring thine ! Who know their God mutt grow divine, And when thy radiant courfe is done, Thou, fhadow of another Sun, Shalt fade into his brighter iky, And time become eternity.” But patt, jong paft, the Druid reign 5 ‘The Crofs o’ertopt the Pagan fane. To this rerfiote afylum flew A priefthood of another hue, More like the raven than the dove, Thovgh murm’ring much of faith and-love,. A lazy fullen virtue flept Over the dull lake : around it crept The felf-tormenting anchorite, And fhunn’d th’ approach of cheerful light ; Yet darkly long’d to hoard a name, And in the cavern grop’d for fame. Where Nature reign’d, in folemn ftate, There Superftition chofe her feat 5 Her vot’ries kntw, with fubtle art, Thro’ wond’ring eyes to chain the heart 5 By terrors of the fcene to draw And tame the favage to their law, Then feat themfelves on Nature’s_throne, And make her mighty fpell their own, The charming forc’ry of the place Gave Miracle a local grace 5 And, from the mountain-top fublime, The Genius of our changeful clime A. fort of pleafing panic threw, Which felt each paffing phantom true, E’en at a more enlighten’d hour We feel this vifionary pow’r ; And when the meanef of his trade, The ragged ‘minftrel of the glade, With air uncouth, and vifage pale, Pours forth the legendary tale, The Genius, from his rock-built pile, Aweful, looks down, and checks our {mile. We liften—then a pleafing thrill Creeps thr.’ our frame, and charms our will, Till, fill’d with forms, fantattic, wild, We feign—and then become the child. _ We fee the horded fathers take Their filent circuit round the lake : Silent—except a wailful feng, Extorted by the leathern thong 5 Cronan, Cornloch, Lochaun, Doquain, Superiors of the fervile train, Envelop’d in their cowls, they move, And fhunthe God of Light and Love. Who leads the black proceffion on ? St. Reivin’s living fkeleton, That travels thro’.this vale of tears, , Beneath the yoke of fix-fcore years ; Suftains his ftep a crofier wand, Extended {iff one wither’d hand ; To which the blackbird flew diftrefs'd, And found a kind protetting neft: There-drept her eggs, while outftretch’d ftood The hand—till the had hatch’d her brood, Original Poetry, (Jan. 1, Hark !—What a peal, fonorous, clear, _ Strikes, from yon tow’r, the tingling ear; (No more of fire the worthip’d tow’r, The holy water quench’d its pow’r) And now, from every floor, a bell Tolls Father Martin’s fun’ral koeil, Who flipt his foot on holy ground, And plung’d into the lake profound ; Or, by the load of life opprefs’d, Sought refuge in its peaceful breaft. What !-—Did not peace-delighted dwell The hermit of the mountain-cell ? No—’twas a cage of ironrule, Of pride and felfithnefs the {chool, Of dark defires, and doubts profane, And harfh repentings, late but vain : To faft—to watch—+to fcourge—to praife The golden legend of their days ; To idolize a ftick or bone, And turn the bread of life to {tone 5 *Till, mock’d and mart’d by miracles, Great Nature from her laws rebels, And man becomes—by monkifh art—a A prodigy— without a heart, No friend fincere, noimiling wifey The bleffing and the balm of life ; And knowledge, by a forg’d decree, Still ftands an interdiéted tree. Maieftic tree ! that proudly waves Thy branching words, thy jetter leaves, Whether with ftrength, that time commands, An oak of ages Homer ftands ; : Or Milton, high-topt mountain pine, Afpiring tothe light divine 5 Or laurel of perennial green, The Shakefpeare of the living fcene, Whate’erthy form, in profe fublime, Or train’d by art and prun’d by rhyme, All hail—thou prieft-forbidden tree ! For God had ble/s'd,: and made thee frees God did the fooaful bleffing give, That man might eat of it, and live: Rut they who have ufurp’d his throne, To keep his paradife their own, Have fpread around a demon’s breath, And nam’d thee Upas, Tree of Death. ‘Thy rootis Truth, thy fiemis Pow’r, And Virtue thy confummate flow’r. Receive thy circling nations’ vows, And the world’s garland deck thy boughs, » From the bleak Scandinavian fhore The Dane his raven ftandard bore : It rofe amid& the whitning foain, When the fierce robber hated home 5 And, as he plough’d the wat’ry way, The raven feem’d to fcentits prey ; Ourfretch’d the gloomy om’novs wing, For feaft of carnage war muft bring. ¢ *Twas here the Chriltian favage ftoody To feal his faith in Aame-and blood. The fword of midnight murder fell On the catm fleeper of the cel), Fiath’d thro’ the trees with horrid glare * ‘The flames—and poifon’d all the air. Her fong the lark began to raife, As the had feen the folar blaze 5 But, 1806.] But, fmote with terrifying found, Forfook the death-polluted ground ; And never fince, thefe limits near, Was heard to hymn her vigil clear, This periodic ravage fell, How oft our bloody annals tell ! But, ah! how much of woe untold, How many groans of young and old Has Hift’ry, in this early age, Sunk in the margin of her page, Which, atthe beft, but ftamps a name On vice, and mifery, and fhame, Thus flow’d in flames, in blood, and dat A lava of two hundred years ; And tho’ fome feeds of fcience feen Shot forth, in heart-enliv’ning green, To cloath the gaps of civil ftrife, And {mooth a favage-temper’d life, Wet foon new torrents black’ning came, Wrapt the young growth in rolling flame, And, as it blafted, left behind Dark défolation of the mind. But now no more the rugged North Pours half its population forth ; No more that iron-girded coat (The fheath of many a {worded hoft) That ruih’d abroad for bloody fpoil, Still won on haplets Erin’s foil, Whiere Difcord wav’d her flaming brand, Sure guide to a devoted land ; A land, by fav’ring Nature nurs’d, By human fraud and folly curs’d, Which never foreign friend fhall knew, While to berfelf the direft foe. Is that a friend, who, {word in hand, Leaps, pond’rous, on the finking ftrand Full-plum’d, with Anglo-Norman pride, The bafe adult’rer by his fide, Pointing ta Leinfter’s fertile plain, Where (wretch!) he thinks once more to “reign ? Ves, thou thalt reign, and live to know Thy own, amid thy country’s woe, That country’s curfe upon thy head, Torments thee living, haunts thee cead 5 And,» howling through the vaults of Time, E’en now proclaims and damins thy crime 3 Six cent’ries paft, her curfe fill lives, Nor yet forgets, nor yet forgives, Dermod, who bade the Normans come To fack and fpoil his native home. Sown by this traitor’s bloody hand, Diffeafion rooted in the land ; Mix’d with the feed of {pringing years, Their hopefol blofioms fteep’d in tears 5 And late pofterity can fell The fruitage rotted as it fell. Then Deftiny was heard to wail, While on black ftone of Ipisfail She mark?d this nation’s dreadful doom, And character’d the woes to come, Bartle, and plague, and famine, plac’d The epochs of th’ hiftoric wafte ; And, crowning every ill of life, Sclf-conquer’d by domeftic ftrife. Original Poetry. 541 Was this thefcheme of mercy plann’d In Adrian’s heart, thro” Henry’s hand, To draw the favage from his den, And train Hibernia’s fons to men 5 To fertilize the human clay, And turn the ftubborn foil to day ? No—’twas two Englithmen who play’d The maft’ry of their fep’rate trade : Conqueft was then, and ever fince, The real defign of prieft and prince ; And while his flag the king unfurl’d, The father of the Chriftian world Blefs’d it, and hail’d the hallow’d deed, For none butfavages would bleed ; Yet when thefe favages began To turn upon their hunter, man, Rufh’d from their forefts to affail Tl’ encroaching circuit,of the pale, The‘caufe of quarrel ftill was good; The enemy mult be fubdued. Subdued ! The nation fill was gor’d By law more penal than the fword 5 Till Vengeance, witha tiger-ftart, Sprang from the covert of the heart. Refiftance took a blacker name, The fcaffold’s penalty and fhame ; - There was the wretched rebel led, Uplifted there the traitor’s head. till there was hope th’ avenging hand Of Heav’n would {pare a haplefs land 5 That days of ruin, havoc, fpoil, Would ceafe to defolate the foil ; Juftice, though late, begin her netics Subdued the lion-law of force ; There was a hope that civil hate, No more a policy of ftate; Religion not the tool of pow’r, Wor only office—to adore ; That Education here might fand, The harp of Orpheus in her hand, Of pow’r t? infufe the focial charm, With love of peace and order warm, The ruder paffions all reprefs’d, And tam’d the tigers of the breaft, By love of country and of kind, And magic of a mafter mind. As from yon-dull-and ftagnant lake The ftreams hegin to live and-take Their courfe thro’ Clara’s wooded vale, Kifs’d by the health-infpiring gale, Heedie(s of wealth their banks may hold They glide, neglectful of the gold, Yet feem to hope a Shakefpeare’s name To give cur Avondeathlefs fame, So, from the favage barren heart, The ftreams of {cience and of art May (pread their foft refrefhing green, To vivify the moral fcene. Oh, vanith’d hope! Oh, tranfient boat ¢ Oh, Country gain’d but to be lof! Gain'd by aration, raisd, infpirs, By eloquence and virtue fir'd, By tranfatlantic glory ftung, By Grattan’s energetic tongue, _ By parliament that felt its truft, By Britain terrify’d and jut ‘ Loftew 549 Loft-—by thy chofen children fold : And conquer’d—-not by fteel, but gold : Loft—.. ee ee) ee) Loft—by a low and fervile great, Who fmile upon their country’s fate, rouching to gain the public choice, And fellit by their venal voice. Loft—to the world and future fame, Remember’d only in a name, Once in the courts of Europe known To claim a felf-dependent throne. Thy ancient records torn, and toft Upon the wavesthat beat thy coaft 5 Proceedings of Learned Socteties. The mock’ry of a mongrel race, Sordid, iNiterate, and bafe. To fcience loft, and Jetter’d truth, The genius of thy native youth; ToCam orIfis glad to roam, Nor keepa heart or hope for home : Thy {park of independence dead ; Thy life of life, thy freedom, fled. Where fhall her fad remains be laid ? Where invocate her folemn fhade ? Here be the maufoleum plac’d, In this vaft vault, this filent wafte ;— Yon mould’ring pillar, ’midit the gloom, Finger of Time! fhall point her tomb ; While filence of the ev’ning hour Hangs o’er Glendalloch’s ruin’d tow’r, PROCEEDINGS OF LEARNED SOCIETIES. =— Tae ROYAL SOCIETY OF LONDON. ENRY Cavenpisu, Efq. a mem- ber of this larned body, has fub- mitted to the fociety an ‘* Abitract of ob- fervations on a diurnal variation of the barometer between the Tropics,’’ by J. Horssurca, Efg. This gentleman in his voyage to the Eaft Indies employed two marine barometers and a thermome- ter, which were expofed to a free current of air in a cabin, where the bafons of the barometers were thirteen feet above the Tevel of the fea. The hours for obferva- tion, were at noon, four and twelve, in the afternoon, amd at four and feven in the morning, becaufe the mercury in the barometer had at thefe times been per- ceived to be regularly ftationary between the tropics. It was found that in fettled weather in the Indian feas from eight a. m. to noon, the mercury was not only ftation- ary but at the point of greate(t elevation, After noon it began to fall, and continued falling till four o’clock, when it was at the loweft point cf depreffion. From four to five the mercury rofe, and continued rifing till about nine or ten p. m., at which time it had gained its highelt ele- vation, and continued fationary till mid- night; it then fell till about four o'clock when it was as low as it had been in the preceding *afternoon: from this time it rofe till seven or eight and continued fta- tionary till noon. Thus was the mercury fubje&t to a re- gular elevation and depreffion twice in 24 hours in fettlhed weather, and the loweft fiation was about four o'clock in the morn. ing and evening; from thefe times till eight in the morning and nine in the even- ing, it had a regular tendency to rife, when it was ftationary till noon and midnight. In unfettled blowing weather, elpeci- ally at Bombay during the rains, thefe regular ebbings and flowings of the mer- cury tould not be perceived. The atmof phere feems to produce a different effect on the barometer at fea frem what it does on shore, as the following abftra& will fhew?. From leaving the Land’s End, the mercury was fluctuating and irregular till they came to lat. 26°N. lon. 20 W., it then uniformly performed two elevations and two depreffions every 24 hours. From lat. 269'N. to 10° N. the differ. ence of the high and low ftations of the mercury in the barometers was not fo great as it was from lat. roo N. to 25° S. Within thefe laft mentioned limits, the differenee of high and low ftations of the mercury in the barometers was from 5 to goo parts of an inch, both inthe daily and nightly motions. : In lat. 28°S. the mercury was again flu&tuating and continued fo till 27° S., when it became fubjeét to the equatropi- cal motions, and continued fo till the fhip reached Bombay, Aug. 6th, 1802. On fhore for the firft fix days, the mercury had a {mall tendency towards perferming thefe motions, but from the r2th to the 22d of Augutt they could not be perceived. On leaving the harbour they were again very perceptible, and continued fo with great uniformity till the arrival of the fhip in Canton river, October 4th. It then bes came 1806.} came nearly ftationary, and on fhore at Canton the barometer had little tendency to the equatropical motions through the months of October and November. Ob- fervations fimilar to the foregoing were made from this time till the arrival of the fhip in the Margate roads, which went to the confirmation and eftablifhment of the fame facts. Another curious paper laid before the Royal Society relates to the ‘* Differences in the Magnetic Needie on board his Ma- jefty’s thip the Inveftigator, arifing from an alteration inthe direétion of the Ship’s Head.” In this Captain FLINDERs in- fers,—-r. That there was a difference in the direftion of the magnetic needle when the fhip’s head peinted to the eaft, and when it was directed weftward.—2z. That this difference was eafterly wien the fhip’s head was weft, and wefterly when it was eaft.—3. That when the fhip’s head was north or fouth, the needle took the fame dire&tion or nearly fo that ft would on fhore, and fhewed a variation from the true meridian.—4,. That the error in va- riation was nearly proportionate to the number of points which the fhip’s head was from northor fouth. Hence the Cap- tain fuppofes, 1. An attractive power of the different bodies in a fhip, which are capable ot affecting the compa(s, to be col- lecting into fomething like a focal point or center of gravity, and this point is nearly in the center of the fhip where the iron fhot are depofited. 2. He fuppofes this point to be endued with the fame kind of attraction as the pole of the hemifphere where the fhip is: confequently, in New Holland the fouthend of the needle would be attracted by it, and the north end re- pelled. 3. That the attractive power of this point is fuffciently trong in a thip of war to interfere with the aétion of the magnetic poles upon a compafs placed upon or in the binnacle. Captain Flinders in the courfe of this paper has given feveral tables, the infer- ence from which is, that the variation is more welierly when taken upon the binna- cle of a thip whofe head is weftward in north lat., than when obferved inthe cen- ter of the thip. He thinks it will be found, that the variation of the compat{s is greater when going down the Englifh Chinnel, than when when coming up it, and then it will follow that from a high fouth latitude where the differences are great on one fide, they are mott likely to decreafe graduaily to the equator, and to increate in the fame wafto a bigh north 4 Proceedings of Learned Societies. 543 latitude, where they are great on the other fide. In Mr. CaRLISLE’s paper on “* The Phyfiology of the Stapes, one of the bones * of the organ of hearing : deduced from a comparative view of its ftructure and ufes in different animals ;” it is affumed that the whole organ of hearing is an appara~ tus to colleét occurring founds, and to convey them to the feat of that peculiar fenfation, regulating their intenfity, of facilitating their progrels, according to the degree of impetus; and that in thele refpeéts the ear refembles the eye, The officula auditis in man, and in the mammalia, form a feries of conduc~ tors, through which founds are tran{mit- ted from the membrana tympani into the fenfitive parts of the organ. The num- ber, forms, and relative jungtions of thefe officles are various but, in all cafes, their office feems limited to the convey. ance of founds received through the me- dium of the air; becsufe fifhes have No parts correfponding with them. In two claffes of animals, the aves, and amphibia of LINN#&UsS, one bone in the fituation of the fiapes isthe only. officle of the tympanum: in all other animals, it ts placed next to the feat of fenfible impref- fion, and mot remote from that part of the organ on which founds fir impinge. Next follow defcriptions of the parts of the ear in the human and various other fubject : and as a natural confequence- Mr. C.s fays, ‘It feems that all the muf- cles of the officula audits are of the in- voluntary kind, and the ftimulus to their ation is found. The chorda tympani, which fupplies them, is a gangliated nerve: if this fuppofition be true, then the mufcles fhould be confidered as ali acting together, and itis well known thae perfons who hear imperfectly are more fenfible to founds in a zoi/y place, as it the mufcles were by that meaas awakened to action, ‘© The office which the bafis of the ftapes holds, aod which the ftapedeus mufgle is efpecially defined to perform, feems to throw confiderable light on the ufe of the cochlea. Jt cannot be allowed that the preflure of the watery fluid in the labyrinth is a requifite condition ‘o pro- duce the fen{xtion of hearing, fince all birds hear without any mechanifm for that purpofe, but as fuch preflure mutt ultimately give increafed tenfion to the feneftra cochlea, it toliows that we en- quire at this part for the principal ufe of the ftapes, “As 444 *¢ As the membrane of the feneftra coch- lea is expofed to the air contained within the cavity of the tympanum, it appears adapted to receive fuch founds as pals through the membrana tympani, without exciting confonant motions in the feries of officula auditts. ‘© Experiment. My head being laid on a table, with the meatus auditorius exter- mus perpendicular to the horizon, my friend Mr. Wm. Nicholfon pulled the tragus towards the cheek, and dropped from a finall vial, water, at the tempera- ture of my body into the meatus. The firt drop produced a fenfation like the re- port of a diftant cannon, and the fame ef- teé fucceeded each following drop, until the cavity was filled. In this experiment, the vibrations of the membrani tympani mutt have been impaired, if not wholly deftroyed, by the contaé& and preffure of the water; yet the moticns of the whole membrane, from the blow of each drop of water, affected the air contained in the tympanum fufficiently to produce a fenfi- ble, impreffion. «© That fomething“like this occurs in many kinds of founds is more than proba- ble ; and as the cochlea confifts of two hollow half cones, winding fpirally and uniting at th-ir apices, it follows that the founds affecting either cone terminating in the veftibulum, or that which forms the fen ftra cochlez, mutt each pafs from the wide to the narrowend ; and the tenfion of the patts, in. either cafe, will necefla- rily aid the impreffion.”” The Prefident has communicated from Mr. Pears, the ‘* Cafe of a full grown woman in whom the Ovaria were defici- ent ;" from which there appears good giound for concluding that the growth of New Patents lately enrolled, » [Jan. 1, the uterus depends entirely upon that of the ovaria : fince the hiftory of the cafe, in connection with the difletion, thows that an imperfeét ftate of the ovaria is not only attended with an abfence of all the charaéters belonging to the female after puberty, but that the uterus itfelf, though perfectly formed, is checked in its growth for want of due ftruéture of thofe parts. Mr. H. C. SranpERT has laid before the Society “* A defeription of Malforma- tion in the Heart of an Infant,’’ which lived ten days, though there was but one auricle into which the pulmonary veins and venz cavze entered in their ordinary di- re€lions. The pulmonary ariery was wholly deficient: the hody of the heart poffeffed but one ventricle, feparated from the au- ricle by tendinous valves, and opening in. to the aorta. The auricle was alfofingle, having a narrow mufcular band which croffed the oftium venofum in the place of the feptum. The aorta fent off anartery, from the fituation of the ductus arteriofus, which divided itfelf into two branches, fuoplyisg each mafs of the lungs. The puimonary veins were four in number ; but neither the area of thefe veins, nor that of the vefl¢l which acted as the pul- monary artery, exceeded half the common dimenfions. The prefent cafe is extraordi- nary, refembling in crganization the am- phidious animals, rather than the mam- malia. It is therefore wonderful that an infant fhould have exifted fo long under fuch circumftances, and the fact mutt be deemed important in phyfiology, as the dependence of life on refpwation, and the changes produced in the vafcular fyftem, are fo imperfetly underftood, NEW PATENTS LATELY ENROLLED. MR. DANIEL DESORMEAUX, aid MR. SAMUEL HUTCHINGS’S, (BARKING, ESSEX) for Improvementsin the manu- fauring of Wax, Spermaceti, and Tallow Candles. HIS invention was probably fug- getted by the principle of the Ar- gand lamp; it confifts principally in mak- ing the cotton wick hollaw inftead of clofe,‘as it is at prefent conftruéted. The patentees fuggelt two modes of perform- ing this part of the operation, one of which is to draw the threads of cotton through the holes of a certain circular in- ftrument, and keeping them tight in that position till they are fmeared over with a refinous and inflammable fubftance, after which the candles are to be formed either by dipping. or in moulds, accerding to’ the ufual modes. The fecond method is to form the wick into a ftraight fubftance, by weaving or otherwife ; it is then to be cut into ftrips of the proper length and breadth; thefe firips are to be turned round a wire, where they are to be kept. eitter by tying er fome other method till they are covered With tallow, or wax,.er: fpermaceti, or a compofition of two. or more 1806.] more of thefe or fuch like fubftances. In Jarge candles the patentees fuggeft the propriety of permitting the cylindrical part to be perfectly open from top to bot- tom, fo as to admit a free current of air, by which, no doubt, the flame will be more brilliant than it can poffibly be ina clofe cotton wick containing the fame ‘quantity only of yarn. Obfervations.—It has long fince been demonttrated, that the firaw of the feve- ral kinds of corn, the bones of animals, &c. are much ftronger, from the circum- ftance of their being hollow than they would be if they were, compact bodies, haying the fame quantity of matter oniy in the conftruétion. So alfo in the cafe of cotton wicks, thofe that are hollow, haying a larger furface than the clofe ones, have an opportunity of confuming a larger quantity of the oxygen of the atmofphere, upon which the brilliancy of the light de- pends. This invention exhibits, undoubtedly, ingenuity in the application of a princi- ple already known to the purpofes of common lite; but we fufpect there are ob- ftacles to the general reception of candles thus manufactured. Tie procefs of mak- ing, as de(cribed in the fpecification, muft be tedious and flow, of courfe the expence will be much greater, and the cof to the confumer proportionally high. As we have not feen any candle aétually manu- faétured on the plan, we cannot ipeak with certainty; but it appears that by fnuffing, the wicks, though hollow, will in effeét burn as if they were folid. ee MR. JAMES MACKNAUTAN’S (QUEEN- STREET), for @ wew Stave, Kange, Ge. ‘As we cannot explain the nature of this invention, without the aid of figures, of which our plan does not admit, it will be {ufficient to fay, that the {pecification pro- mifes not only a Jarger quantity of heat, from the fame quantity of fuel, than in common ftoves, but that the invention1s calculated to prevent, and even to cure fmoaky chimnies. Thefe advantages, ‘ which all will admit to be confiderable, are to be effected by means of particular conftruétion, and the aid of regillers or regulators, re MR. BRAMAH’S (PIMLICO), for Im- provements in the Art of making Pa- per. Mr. Bramah ‘performs the office of smoulder of theets by machinery, which MonTuiy Mas, No. 137. New Patents lately Enrolled. 545 may be conducted by perfons not poffeff- ing the {kill of thofe competent to perform the operation in the ufual way ; this is the firft clafs of improvements. By this ap- plication of machinery, theets of much Jarger dimenfions can eafily be rhade moré equal in their weight and thickuefs, and with greater expedition than can poflibly be done by hand in the ufual way. To effeét this, the dimenfions of the vat, in which the ftuff for moulding is ufually pat, are to be, in length and width, ex- aétly the fame as thofe of the fheet to be made, and. in depth about twenty inches, In this vat, called the regulating refer- voir, there is a frame or rim of wood made to flile up and down at pleafure. The ’ paper mould is alfo accurately fitted to the infide of the refervoiron ali fides, and is refted upon the fliding rim, in fuch a manner as to be lifted up or depreffed in an horizontal pofition when the frame is low. ered or raifed for that purpofe, fo that the mould and frame may always move toge- ther. On the fide or end of the faid refer- voir, towards the bottom, is cut an apery ture by which the water may be dilcharg- ed, The mouth or opening is clofed by a lid or valve, which opens when. the mould within the refervoir is raifed, and fhuts again as it defcends by the a&tion of the. fame machinery. This being thus equipped, there is another cifiern placed on one fide of the referyoir, having its bottom nearly on a level with the brim or upper furface of the former one, fo that the one may empty into the other... In the upper ciftern or feeder is fixed a {mall agitator, which is confiantly moving to prevent the fubSding or unequal mixing of tle pulp and water. Between the feeder* and regulating refervoir there is a consmu- nicating fpout, which is opened or fhut alternately by a flider. The whele being thus ready for work, the regulating refervoir is filled with water til] it difcharges at the mouth of the ex- ternal pjpe; and then the mould beingat its loweit (tation, has the wire furface im- nerfed below the level of the furface of the water, and the valve or lid which co- vers the aperture of the trunk being fhut, prevents the efcape of the water from the inner refervoir, While the machine is in this firuation, the fluice which opens the communication between the feeder above the mould is then lifted up, and admits the ftoff from the feeding ciftern to flow upon the furface of the mould to any quantity required for the theet. When this quantity has flowed, which is inftant- ly done, the fluice is thut; and then, by 32 the 546 the motion of the apparatus, and by the opening the valve of the wafte trunk, at the inftant the mould begins to rife, all the water is difcharged from above the mould, by paffing through the wire into the lower part, and is carried off to the former level of the wafte, and is thus pre- pared for a fecond depreffion of the mould, or rather another mould, becaufe the load- ed one, when raifed op to its highef fta- tion, is made to pufh away the flides to mect the coucher’s hand, who furnifhes, at the fame time, the alternate mould; and when the mould is again deprefled, the valve on the walte being fhut, the ma- . Chine is fitted for a fecond charge, and thus the procefs is continued with certain- ty and eale. The fecond improvement confifts in an Invention of making paper in endlefs fheets, of any length and width, by acir- culating procefs, performed by a wheel or frame compofed of three or more rings of thin wood or metal, mounted on an hori- zontal axis, like a water-wheel, with a fhield on each fide of the upper extremity of its periphery, to fit the edges of the two extreme rings in a fegment form, nearly water tight, to prevent the lateral difcharge of fluid paffing over the wheel. A feeding ciftern, prepared with ftuff, is ftationed above the wheel, to be thrown upon it, or the circular mou!d at difcre- tion; by this means a conftant and end- lefs procefs may be kept up to any extent. There is a couching roller to take the pa- per from the mould, and two other rollers through which the fheet is conduéted from the couching roller. A third improvement confifls in mak- ing a fingle prefs competent to fupply the offices of almoft any number on the com- mon plan. This prefs is of fufficient power, capacity, and itrength, to receive the Jargei fheets, and alfo competent to withftand the greatelt exertion that the preperations ot each clafs of paper may require from the preis. The lat improvement confitts in having fo contrived the drying-houfe of a paper mill, as to render the raifing and taking down the heavy frames on which the pa- yer is hung unneceflary, and by this im- provement women and children may do the duty of the drying-houle inftead of men, and facility will be given tothe pro- cefs of hanging and re-hanging the theets New Patents lately Enrolicd. {Jan. 1, intended to be expofed to dry. For this purpole wooden frames are prepared, mounted with lines, rails, or wires, like clothes-horfes divided into rews, fo as to leave room for the convenience of hang- ing and re-hanging the fheets. They are ftationed at proper diftances with grooves fitted to the frames, that each may be flided vertically up and down by means of lines and pullies affixed to them, like fafh- windows that are double hung; thus while one of the frames is fliding up to touch the ceiling, the alternate one may be depreffed till its lower edge, or the pa- per which hangs upon it, may come near- ly in contaét with the floor. Thus fta- tioned, and governed by lines and balance weights, each can be fucceflively depreff- ed, for the convenience of putting the paper on and off within the reach, or near- ly fo, of a perfon’s hand while ftanding on the floor ; and by this means even chil- dren can work as well as men; and be- ginning at one extremity of the room, may {trip or cover every frame with eafe. And ae each frame is charged by fliding them alternately in contrary direétions, or one up and the other down, the whole houfe may be filled to a much greater amount of paper in the fame fpace than can be done in the ufual manner. a SIR GEORGE WRIGHT'S (RAY LODGE, ESSEX), fora Machine for cutting out of feltd Stone, Wood, Ge. Pillars or Tubes, either cylindrical or conical, with a Saving of Labour and Materials. : The obje& of this invention is to form orcut ftene, wood, &c. into verious kinds of circular work, without the labour and expence of chipping or hollowing; and alfo by means thereof to form pipes, cif+ terns, chimney tops, arches, and all kinds of circular work. This is performed by the application of a faw or faws, or other inftruments, in a hole or holes previoufly drilled inthe ftone, &c. for that purpofe, or of faws or inftruments for fawing, working, or cutting from a centre or cen- tres, or in a tangent, of any given circle or oval. The drawings in the margin of this {pecification exhibit fome of the modes by which the invention may be carried into effect. REVIEW 1806.] (547...) MONTHLY RETROSPECT OF THE FINE ARTS. The Lean of all news Prints and Communications of Articles of Intelligence are requefled. RECENT and ever-to-be-lamented death has given a new impulle to the fine-arts: every circumftance that was ptevioufly in centemplation as a proper fubjeét to delineate, is for the prefent fet afide ; and almcft all our artifts of any celebrity are now immediately or remote- ly engaged in fome work to commemorate the brilliant naval triumph at Tratalgar, or the portrait of the Hero by whom it was achieved. That this fubject thould abforb every other, is highly honourable to the feelings of the country ; and it fol- Jows as naturally as night to day, that the artifts fhould not only fhare thele feel- ings, but avail themfelves of fuch an op- portunity to immortalize their own names, by the commemoration of a victory that will emblazon thofe pages of our hiftory where it is recorded with a never-fading Juftre. What was faid upon another {ubject, will, with little alteration, apply to this: “¢ The pencil’s turn the public voice muft give For thofe whd. live to pleafe, mui pleafe to live.” Magy their exertions to confecrate this memorable event, tend to dignify the cha- raéter they thus endeavour to illuftrate, and be to their own and their country’s honour. We have, in our preceding Retrofpect, noticed many great works on this fubjeét that are to be publifhed at a future day ; to thefe the prefent month furnifhes a con- fiderable addition ; and we have alfo to notice fome that are already publifhed.— Among the beit of thefe is, A full-length Portrait of Lord-Vifcount Nelfon, Duke of Bronti, Gc. F. Hoppner, R.A, pinxt. Mayer fiulpt. Publifbed by Colnaghi and Co, The original piéture from which this is engraved, we well remember ; and to fay that it was one of the beft Mr. Hopp- ner ever painted, is giving it very high praife. With refpect to the print, if placed by the fide of one of thofe violent combinations of chalk and charcoal which ‘ewe have fometimes feen engraven (and which the artitt who fabricated it has dig- nified with the appellation of a wery for- cible print), it will not bear the compari- fon; but it isa molt piéturefque and agree- able portrait, and, as we are told by thofe who knew Lord Nelfon, has a very pleal- ing and firiking refemblance to the univer- faily-lamented original. Mr. Ackermann has publifhed a moft elegant graphic tribute to his memory, in which are recorded all his moft diftinguifh- ed achievements. In the centre of the print isan urn, with @ beautiful weeping figure bending over it ; on the bafe is a portrait, faid to be a peculiarly ftrong likenefs ; and beneath, a lion, a fphinx, the Gallic cock, a cannon, ftandards, and other appropriate infignia, with a view of the engagement, &c., in the diftance ; the whole furrounded by a glory, beauti-- fully emanating from the centre. Defign- ed by Uwins, and engraved by Cardon. The following tribute to the Admiral’s memory is infcribed beneath the print : *¢ Though Britain mourn, — what elfe can Britain do, While bleeding Nelfon rifes to her view ; Still is there caufe for triumph, when the fhews The finking colours of our vanquifh’d foes 5 And greater ftill, when Fame is heard to fay, £ All, all were Nelfons on that glorious day.” Though Fate had {natch’d their Leader inte reft, His fpirit ftaid and fir’d each feaman’s breaft 5 His foul fill hover’d in celeftial light, Round every fhip, and mingled inthe fight 5 Still for Old England Britons rush’d to fame, Led on by Collingwood, and Nelfon’s name.’” re This print Mr. Ackermann publifhed by a fub(cription, in which he has the diftin- guifhed honour of enrolling Their Majef- ties, the Prince of Wales, and every branch of the Royal Family. ‘The print- ed propofals’ forthe public announced that | the fub{cription at ros. 6d. each would clofe the latter end of December, and after that the price would be il. 1s. In the fhort time the fub{cription was open, Mr. Ackermann had upwards of one thoufand _ fubferibers. Befides this, we have, from the fame publifher, an allegorical print, drawn and engraved by Sanfom, dedicated by permifs fion to the Lords Commiffioners of the Admiralty, reprefenting Fame conducting Admiral Lord Nelfon to her temple.—. The Hero is feated on a triumphal-car, and accompanied by Britannia, who crowns him with Jaurel ; Neptune waves the Britifli enfign, inicribed * Britannia rule the Main,” Emblematical figures of 322 Europe, 548 Monthly Retrofpe?. Europe, Afia, Africa, and America, en- cirele the car and rejoice. -Wildom, from above, points out to them Hope and For- titude, whofe figures are fupported by Britih feamen, another group of whom carry the French and Spanifh flags captur- ed in the ever-memorable battle of Tra- falgac.. Juftice, above, weighs in her bal- lance the Britith colours againit thole of France and Spain. The temple is deco- rated with the brilliant viories of Nel- fon, Howe, S:. Vincent, &c. &c. &e. Tothe admirers Of allegory this muft be a very interefting print. It has a fhowy, and rather flriking effect. Another of Mr. Ackermann’s publica- tions reprefents Britannia con{ecrating the afhes of the immortal Nelfon, who glo- rioufly fell in-the hour of viétory, &c. In this Britannia is reprefented as lean- ing on an urn inferibed « Nelfon,”” which is placed on a bafe, furrounded with ap- propriate figures, a view of the battle in the diftance, &c. He has alfo publifhed feveral whimfical caricatures, comprifing jailors, French- men, &c., allufive to the fame fubjeé&, de. figned by Woodward, and engraved by Rowlandfon. The Committee appointed by the Court of Common-Council of ‘rhe City of Lon- don have advertifed that they receive models of a monument to be ereéted in Guildhall to perpetuate the memory of Lord Nelfon. At the meeting of the Society for the Encouragement of Arts, Manufactures, and Commerce, 2 refolution was pafied for commemorating in the great room of the inftitution the character and achievements of Lord Nelfon. Application has been made to Mr. Barry, who is to introduce among thofe groups of diltinguifhed cha- racters which dignify his canvas an ap- propriate reprefentation of the Victor of Trafalgar. The jeading intention of the paintings is to celebrate the men who have been principally eminent in arts and arms, and the artift introduces this without any additional expence to the fociety. Mr. Bolton, of Birmingham, has foli- cited the permiffion of Government that he may beallowed to ftrike a medal, at his own expence, in commemoration of the brilliant victory off Cape Trafalgar, and means to prefent one to every failor who ferved on that memorable day aboard the Britifh fleet. Permiffion was immediately granted ; and fo laudable and public-(pi- rited a defign mutt excite univerfal appro- bation, The die is nearly completed, and of the Fine- Arts, [ Jan. ty in a few weeks the medals will be ftruck, and diftributed throughout the fleet. Meffrs, Boydell and Co. have advertifed that fuch artifts as intend to be candidates for painting the pigture of the Death of Lord Nelfon at the battle of Trafalgar, may produce their finifhed fttudies on the 13th February, 1806, out of which three will be felected by fuch of the Direétors, &c., of the Britifh Inftitution as allow themfelves to be referred to, from which pictures are to be painted for the premium of five hundred: guineas, to be paid to the fuccefsful candidate. When the engrav- ing is finifhed, Meflrs. Boydell have an- nounced their intention of prefenting the picture to the Board of Admiralty, or fome other public body. From Mr. Bowyer’s laft advertifements: refpe€ting his Hiftoric Lottery, it appears that he is in poffeffion of a miniature-pic- ture of Lord Nelfon, for which his Lord- fhip fat to him at a very recent period, which the deareft friends of Lord Nelfon have uniformly declared to be the moft correct likenefs of his Lordthip ever paint- ed. Of teflimonials of this faé, fhould they be wanting, Mr. Bowyer has abun- dance to produce. He alfo announces that he poffefles a miniature for which Lord Collingwood fat to him. To each of thefe portraits Mr. Smirke has added beautiful and appropriate ornaments; they have been engraved by firft-rate ar- tifts, and will be prefeated to all thofe who have or may purchafe tickets in Mr, Bowyer’s lottery, Being on the fubject of lotteries, we cannot help noticing the extreme folicitude expreffed in Mr. Bowyer’s recent adver- tilements, and alfo in a letter figned «* An Artift,” in the Moathly Magazine, for December, to do away a prejudice that exilts with many perfons, from the difap- pointment they experienced on the receipt of fuch poor prints as were given for the blanks in the late lottery granted to Meffis. Boydell. The propofals, if we re- collect, announced that the guinea’s worth of prints for the unfuccefsful tickets. fhould be fele&ted out of their ftock of plates, which amounted to 4432; and this, by all that we have ever heard, was mott ftriétly adhered to. Now this being. , the cafe, as difappointment may be defin- ed defeat of hopes, mifcarriage of expecta. tion; and thofe who expected particular prints on particular fubjects would be {e- le&ted for them, expected what the propo- fals did not warrant. The inference is obvious, The majority of the prints. ; , were 1806.] Both, Berghem, &c., by Woollet, Vi- vares, Lowry, Middleman, &c., &c. ; and the hiftoric were after Wett, Ange- Sica Kauffman, &c., engraved by Hall, Sharpe, Ravenet. &c., &c. * In our Retrofpect for November laft we noticed at fome length the rules and or- ders of the Britifh Inttirution for promot- ing tne fine-arts. At a future day we fhall have an opportunity of giving our Opinion on the piétures there exhibited, as many of our capital artifts are now pre. paring works for that purpofe. The Committee of Directors have appointed Mr. Valentine Green, a well-known and refpe&tabie engraver, whofe productions we have often noticed with approbation, houfekeeper to the inftitution. The Moft Noble Augufius Henry Duke of Graf- ton. ‘Ff. Hoppner, R. A., pinxt. C. Tur- ner, feulpt. Publifbed by Cribb, Holborn. A very good print in mezzotinto, and extremely like the pifture exhibited at the Royal Academy laft year. Arthur Murphy, Efg. From the oriyinal Pic- ture in the Poffeffion of Mifs Thrales. Paint- ed by N. Dance, R.A. Engraved by W. Ward. Publifbed by Thomfon, Newport. freet. A portrait of our well-known and re- fpe&table veteran of the drama Arthur Murphy, by. a painter very long fince fo defervedly eminent as Mr. Dance, is a cu- riofity, and it is a very good portrait, and admirably well engraved in mezzotinto. The Thatcher. G. Morland pinxt. W. Ward Sculpt. Publifhed by Morland, Dean-ftreet, Soko. This is one of Morland’s delightful, unaffected, genuine pictures. It is fimple nature, and engraved in mezzotinto, ina very fuperior ftyle. Gilray has produced four whimfical ca- ricatures on a new idea, viz., Political Skating. SCULPTURE. On the Thankfgiving-day laft month two new monuments were opened to the publie in St. Panl’s cathedral. One, in commemoration of Captain George Blag- don Weitcott, who was killed at the battle of the Nile, in his Majefty’s fhip the Ma- jeftic, wasexecuted by the late T. Banks, RA. It reprefents Captain Weltcott falling into the arms of Viétory, and does high honour to the talents of the ariift ;— but there is fomething unpleafant in the fir view. Both the figures appear to be falling ; and as there are only two figures, Monthly Retrofpelt of the Fine- Arts. were the five Landfcapes after Claude- 549 it gives an idea of vacancy, and does not correfpond with the adjoining monu- ments. On the pedeltal, in the form of a farcophagus, is a bas-relief of the Nile, borrowed from the well-known antique 5 and at the ends, in bas-relief, the blowing upof the L’Orient, &c. : With refpeét to thefe allegorical repre- fentations of rivers, &c., Mr. Bacon has given us fomewhat fimilar for the river Thames, in Lord Chatham’s monument, and whoever obje&ted to it in thefe or any other cafes, would be told that the firft modern artifts have introduced nume- rous precedents that warrant their intro= duétion : that Pouflin, in his piéture o the Difcovery of the Infant Mofes, has given us a fimilar figure. to defignate the Nile ; and that Raphael, in his painting of the Paffage through Jordan, has pre- fented us with the river in the form of an old man dividing the waters, &c., &c.— Notwithitanding all this, and the idea of deep erudition which may be annexed to it, thefe are clumfy and threadbare expe- dients; and when the ancient painters re- forted to allegory, they ufually managed it better, and, though-treading on dange- rous ground, exhibized a variety that dii- played their attainments, and proved that they had the power of inventing imagery appropriate to their own delineations. Nealcas, to fhew that the fcene of a na- val battle which he painted was on the Nile, placed on the fhore an afs drinking, and acrocodile lying in wait for him. The other monument is in memory of Captains Riou and Mofs, who loft their lives at Copenhagen. The fculptor of this is J. Rofi, R.A. The defign is new and elegant. A male and female angel are reprefented feated on a pedeftal, and each of them fufpends a medallion, on which is a portrait of one of the Captains. The whole is furmounted by a farcopha- gus. We are forry to fee, that out of five large monuments recently erected, four of them are at prefent without ia- {criptions, - ROYAL ACADEMY. The late prefident, Mr. Weft, in a very manly and well-written Letter, in which he ftates that he is the only furvivor of the four artifls who in the year 1768 prefented to His Majetty the plan of the Royal Academy, of which he has been fourteen years prefident, has refigned.— Some of the circuinftances which have oc. cafioned this, we may pechaps notice when we have room. “To enumerate them ail, would perhaps not be poflible, Suffice it to 550 to fay that he is fucceeded by James Wy- att, Efq., an archited. This election is for the enfuing year. The Councit are, Henry Thomfon, John Hoppuer, T. Lawrence, J. Srot- hard, R. Weftall, J. F. Rigaud, R. Cof- way, and E. Garvey, Efqrs. Vistrors.—J. Northcote, J. Hoppner, H. Thomfon, J. Opie, H. Trefham, J. F. Rigaud, P. J. De Loutherbourg, -J. S. Copley, Efqrs., and Sir W. Beechey. ' Aupsrors.—J. F. Rigaud, and J. Soane, Efgrs. Mr. Biffett, of the Mufeum of Bir- ingham, with his accuftomed activity es produced a Grand Medallion, comme- morative of the Viétory and Death of Lord Nelfen. It has heen prefented and highly approved of by the Lords Commiffioners of the Admiralty. Silver ones are to be ftruck for their Majelties and the Royal Family, &c. Literary and Philofophical Intelligence. “ [ Jan. 1, Mrs. Macklin has engaged Mr. Stot- hard to paint her a piéture on the fubject of the death of Lord Nelfon; and Mr. Fittler, marine-engraver to his Majefty, to engrave a plate of the fame fize as that of the Death of General Wolfe and Lord Robert Manners. The price of the prints to be al. 2s., and of the proofs ql. 4s. Mr. A. P. Moore propotes to publifh by fub{cription an accurate and _highly- finifhed perfpeQtive View of the celebrated Church of St. Mary Magdalen, at Taun- ton. This edifice is remarkable for its fplendid and ftately tower, which is etteemed the fineft’in the kingdom in that ftyle of architeéture denominated the ffo- rid Gothic. ‘The plate is to te etched and aquatinted in afupecior manner, from an elaborate drawing, laid down from ac- tual admeafurements. The fize will be 1g inches in breadth, and 24 inches in height. VARIETIES, LirErary AnD PHILOSOPHICAL, ; Including Notices of Works in Hand, Domeftic and Foreigns © ,* Authentic Communications for this Article will always be thankfully received. a HE long-defired meafure of reftrict- ce ing the Medical Profeffion to the hands of none but well-inftruéted practi- tioners in the country as well as in Lon- don, is at length about to be carried into effect. The provifions, as far as they concern regulars, are intended to be pro- fpective, and confequently will not ope- rate upon the prefent generation ; but as thefe die away or retire, their fituations will be occupied by perfons of fuitable and competent education. Plans of the fame kind have lately been introduced into Di- vinity and the Law, and no good reafon can be affigned for not extending a prin- ciple to Medicine which has alieady done fo much good in the fifter-profeffions.— The plan has already obtained the counte- nance and fupport of many of the moft re- fpectable phyficians and furgeons of the metropolis, and we anticipate a fpeedy and zealous co-operation of the faculty in all parts of the kingdom, in fupport of a mealure which is eminently calculated to increafe the credit of the profeflion, and to make its followers infinitely more ufeful to the community. In confequence of a fire which on the 12th of December confumed the extenfive printing-offices of Mr, GILLET, in Sa- lifbury-(quare, the publication of the Firft Part of Dr. GRecory’s New CycLo- PeDta is deferred till the firff of March. Several printed fheets, together with the new types, were lof by this accident 5 but other types are ina courfe of prepara- tion, and the work will in feveral refpects be improved by the delay. Mr. Parkes, chemilt, has in the prefs a Chemical Catechifm, drawn up purpofely for the ufe of (chools, and for thofe perfons who are unacquainted with the feience, accompanied wiih notes to elucidate and exemplify the dottrines taught in the Catechifm, and for the pir- pofe of fhowing the ufes of the feveral fub- ftances of nature, in promoting the com- fort of civilized life, and their application in the arts and manufactures of the coun- try. He intends to annex a Vocabulary of Chemical Terms, a variety of uleful Tables, and references to the moft approv- ed writers in each department of chemiftry. Mr. DupPa has in the prefs, and will publith early in the {pring, a Life of Mi- chael Angelo Buonaroti, comprifing his charaéter as a poet, painter, fculptor, and architect. Mrs. Opre’s Simple Tales are in 2 ftate of forwardnels. Mr. 1306.] Mr. Mac Catuvum, author of Tra- vels in Trinidad, will thortly publith an Anfwer to Lord Sejkirk’s Obfervations on the Emigration of the Highlanders to Scotland) Mr. M‘Callum having lately vi- fited the different (ettlements already form- ed by the Highlanders on the continent of America, reprobates the line of conduét puriued by his Lordfhip in holding out de- lufive profpeéts, to’ the manifelt injury of the poor objects, and to the obvious lofs of this country. Dr. Joun Reip’s Treatife on the Ori- gin, Progrefs, Prevention, and Treatment, of Confumption will be ready for publica- tion ina few days. In the conftruftion of his work Dr. R. has attempted to adapt it Not to profeffional readers merely, but likewile to general perufal. He hasendea- voured, in a particular manner, to illuf- trate the importance of carly and careful- ly difcriminating between the characters of troe pulmonary afte&tion and thofe dif orders which often aflume a fictitious re- femblance of genuine phthifis. A reviled edition, by Mr. Cumming, of the Refclves, Divine, Moral, and Po- litical, by Owen Feltham, will make its appearance in the menth of January. The Rev. Epmunp Burtcuer, of Sidmouth, has ready for publication a fe- cod edition of a work, in which he has been confiderably affifted by the Rev. Hucu WorruincTon and the Rev. Joun Evans. It is a Famity Bipe, upon anentire new plan. The whole work is divided into Three Parts : the firft contains the Narratives of the Old, and the fecond thofe of the New Teltament. The third Part contains a great number of lJefions felected from the whole of the Sacred Writings. Sit David Lindfay’s Works, edited by Georce Cuatmers, Elg., will Speedily make their appearance. \ A new work, from the pen of Mrs. Wesr, will fhortly be publifhed, under the title of Letters toa Young Lady. Profeflor Vince has nearly completed the third volume of his Aftronomy. A Life of Romney the painter, from the pen of Hay ey, will fhortly appear, and will be accompanied with a variety of engravings. Dialogues in Chemiftry, by the author of Scientific Dialogues,” are expected to appear in March. Thefe may be regard ed as a Sequel to the Scientific Dialogues, and with them will form a complete courfe of natural and experimental philo- fophy, and chemiliry. Literary and Philfophical Intelligence. 551 The fixth volume of the General Bio- graphical Dittionary, by Dr. Askin, Mr. MorGan, &c. which had met with a temporary delay, is gone to the prefs. It is conducted by the fame writers with thofe of the preceding volumes ; but the Spanith and Portuguefe literary biography will be given more at large by a gentle- man peculiarly acquainted with that de- partment. ; Dr. Cox is preparing a new edition, with Jarge additions, of his Practical Ob- fervations on Infanity. It would be of the laft importance to the interelts of foci- ety, could this maludy be fo defined or de- {cribed as to leave no doubt on the mind refpecting the perfons who unfortunately labour under its influence. Profeffor Scorr, of Aberdeen, is pre= paring a work for the pre{s, intitled Ele- ments of Intelleétual Philofophy, or an Analyfis of the Powers of the Human Un- derftanding, tending to afcertain the Prin- ciples of Rational Logic. : Mr. CHaRrNOCK, author of Biographia Navalis, is preparing Memoirs of the Life of the late Lord Nelfon Sir. J. THROCKMORTON hasa pame phlet in the prefs under the tile of Con- fiderations arifing from the Debates in Parliament on the Petition of the Irifh Catholics, which will be ready for publi- cation ina few days. Mr. G.S. FaBEr has nearly completed A Differtation on the Prophecies that have been fulfilled, are now fulfilling, or will hereafter be fulfilled, relative to the great Period of 1260 years ; the Papaland Ma- homedan Apottacies ; the Reign. of Antichrift, or the Infidel Power ; and the Reftoration of the Jews. The long-expeéted Tour of Colonel TuHorRNTON through various parts of France, a fplendid work, which has been nearly three years in hand, is now nearly ready for publication. It will be com- prifed in two volumes imperial quarto, illuftrated by about eighty, beautiful en- gravings in colours, by Mr. Scott and other artifts, from original drawings, des fcriptive of the country, cuftoms, and smanners of the people, taken by the inge- nious Mr. Bryant, who accompanied the Colonel expreisly for that purpofe. This tour was performed during the ceflation of hoftilities, toward the conclufion of the year 1802, and the route being entirely different from that ufually taken by En- glifh travellers, no {mall degree of infor- mation and intereft is expected tor refult from the perufal] of the work. To the 2 fportiman 55% fport(man in particular it cannot failto prove highly gratifying, as we haye no account whatever of the ftate of {porting in that country. Another edition of the work will appear at the fame time in roy- al quarto, with the plates uncoloured. A new edition of WuiTe’s Life of Lord Nelfon will be ready for delivery in the firft days of January, It.will contain many material improvemen's, being illuf- trated by a great number of new articles, confiting efpecially of anecdotes of con- temporary naval officers who have diftin- guifhed themfelves in the fervice of their country in the company of the immortal Nelfon. Mr. TuRNEULL will {peedily publith a complete and highly vfeful profeffional work, under the title of The Navy Sur- geon, in which the duties of that office in every fituation artd climate will be fully explained. Mifs Enceworru will publifh early in the prefent month a new work, in two volumes, ‘entitled Leonora. Rev. IsnazEL Worsiey, who _ has lately efcaped from France, is about to publifh in one volume, final! octavo, an Account of the State of France and its Government during the laft Three Years, particularly as it has Relation to the Bel- gic Provinces and the Treatment of the “Englith. Mr. EpMuND TuRNeER’s Hiftory of Grantham willappear in the courfe of the prefent month. Dr. Rerp’s Spring Courfe of Leétures on the Theory and Praétice of Medicine will commence on the 25th of January. Particulars may be learned by applying at Dr. Reid’s houfe, Grenville-ftreet, Brunfwick-fquare; or, at the Finfbury Difpenfary, St. John’s-fquare, Clerken- well. On Monday, January 13, the Courfe of Le@tures on the Principles and Practice of Surgery, will be recommenced by Mr. Joun Pearson, Senior Surgeon of the Lock-Hofpital, and Afylum, and of the Public Dilpenfary. ~Mr. Macartney is about to deliver a Courfe of- Le&iures at the Medical Theatre, St. Bartholomew’s Hofpital, on Comparative Anatomy and the Laws of Organic Exiftence. ‘The Spring Courfe of Leétures on Aha- tomy, Phyfiology, and Surgery, will be commenced on Monday, the2oth January, at two o'clock in the afternoon, by Mr. BrooxEs, at his Theatre in Blenheim- firect. ; Literary and Philofophical Inteltigence, [Jan. 1, Dr. Ciarke’s Le€ures on Midwifery, and the Difeafes of Women and Chil dren, will in future be read only at the houfe of Mr. Clarke, No. 10, Upper Jobn-ftreet, Golden-fquare. A Courfe will begin on Thuriday, January 23, and the lectures will be continued every day for the convenience of ftudents attending the hofpitals. Mr. Joun Taunton, Surgeon to the City and Finfbury Difpenfaries, &c., will commence his Spring Courfe of Leétures on Anatomy, Phyfiology, and Surgery, onthe 18th of January, at his Theatre in Grenville-ftreet. The Croonian Leéture for the prefent feafon has been read at two of the meet+ ings of the Royal Society by Mr. Car- LISLE. The fubje&t was, ‘ The Power and particular Struéture of the Mufcles of Fithes.” After feveral mi- nute phyfiological explanations of the nature and peculiar firuéture of the mufcles of fifhes, and their invariable infertion in flefhy inftead of tendinous matter, he pro- ceeded to detail his experiments on their power and particular ufe, in enabling the animal to move with rapidity through a fluid fo denfe as water. He afcertained that the mufcles of the fides are folely thofe by means of which the fifh ad-- vances ; that the pectoral and abdominal fins ferve only to raife or lower, and ba-. lance it in the water. Dr. WoLLasTON, fecretary of the Royal Society, has read the Bakerian Lec- ture, **On the Force of Percuffion.”* On the 22d of O&ober, at three o’clock in the morning, Mr. Hutu, of Frank- fort on the Oder, difcovered a comet in the hindmof foot of the Great-Bear, weltly betwixt the ftars yand 2 It was {carcely vifible to the naked eye, but might be feen with a common telefcope. In fize and brightnefs’ it refembles the great nebulous {pot in Andromeda, ex- cept that it was almoft circular. At four oclock its right-afcenfion was about 166° 30’, its declination about 30° 40! ; and/about five o’clock the former 166° 32’, and the latter 33° 32’: confequently- its courfe is foutherly, and fomewhat wel- terly; and it feems to proceed towards the region of Denebola.s When magnified 350 times, itdid not fhewany nucleps,— The fame comet was difcovered by Pro- feffor Bode at the Berlin @bfervatory, on the 23d O&tcber, between two and three o’clock in the morning, wefterly at Q of the Great-Bear, right-alcenfion 174° 25'. and 27° 40° N. declination. M. ViILUIERS; 1806. J M. Vivtrers, the author of the « Ef- fay on the Reformation of Luther,” has received, in confequence of that valuable work, the degree of doétor from the Uni- verfity of. Gottingen. Inthe EleGtoral Library at Munich have been difcovered the Four Gofpels, and a Liturgy of the eleventh century, in fmall folio, on fine white parchment, written 1n a beautiful diftin& character, and in the highet ftate of prefervation. They are very Iplendidly bound, and ornamented with precious ftones and pearls: the clafps are of gold, and they are lettered on the back with ivory. M. EsMeENaRD, author of a poem in- titled Navigation, has received from the Marquis Lucchefini, the Pruffian Minifter at Paris, the golden medal of the Berlin Academy. At Berlin is eftablifhed a German Lu- theran Academy for the inftru&tion of the natives of Sierra~-Leona, the expences of which are paid by remittances from En- gland. The inftitution is already attend- ed by twelve pupils, moft of them handi- craftsmen. They are inftructed in va- rious departments of learning, befides the arts of preaching and catechifing. Dr. Rusu, of America, is preparing a complete edition of his Medical Works, which will be comprized in three volumes octavo. Dr. Hurcuinson, of Philadelphia, is writing a’ Treatife on Ulcers, particularly thofe of the lower extremities, Two Charts, illutrative of the country near the fouthern freams of the Mifiiffip- pi, are preparing by M. De Motsere, who refides ona part of the land which he profeffes to delineate and defcribe. One of them con-ains the country lying be- tween New-O:leans and the Bay of St. Jobn, exhibiting the fortifications, fu- burbs, and other remarkable circum- ftances. The other is a view of the city of New Orleans and its environs. From a trial made by M. M. Pautt and Lemercier, at Paris, on the 2oth of Oftober, they appear to have found out means to direét or fteer air-balloons.— Before they afcended, they fhewed the ma- chinery, by means of which they moved the wings attached to the balloon, and the rudder refembimg the tail of a bird.— On firft rifing from the ground, there was a gentle ealt wind; they were driven be- fore it for fome time ; but they foon be- gan to work againit the wind, and to la- veer, but very flowly. After a voyage of five hours, they defcended at Denouville, near Chartres, with the agreeable convic- Monruyy Maa, No. 137. Literary and Philofophical Intelligence. 553 tion that they had fucceeded in their at. tempt. Mr. Franers Paccuiant, profeffor of natural philofophy at Florence, has difeovered the conftituent principles of muriatic acid, which had hitherto efcaped the refearches of every chemift. It is en oxyd of hydrogen, perhaps at its lowelt degree of oxygenation. He forms it at pleafure, and confequently the accuracy of his ftatement cannot be doubted. A diftinguifhed man of fcience at Naples has publifhed an Account of a vifit he paid to Pompeii fince the Jate refearches ordered by the QUEEN of NaPLies.— The principal particulars of his ftatement are as follow: —‘* In a fearch begun about feven years ago was difcovered the capital of a pilafter, which was filpected to be the lateral front of a grand portico. Laft winter the works were refumed at that place, and the correfponding pilafter | was found. The brafs hinges of the door have been removed to the Mufeum of Por- tici. The habitation into which it Jeads is large and commodious, and richly orna- mented with paintings and mofaic-work. The building is formed of {quare ftones, fo nicely fitted and cemented, that the whole would be taken for a fingle mafs.—— The paflage which ferves for the eatrance is twelve palms long, and ten wide. It leads to a court, the walls of which are co- vered with ftucco of various colours,— The capitals and cornices are in good prefervation ; and I there oblerved a rofe, which is a mafter-piece both of defign and execution. Al] the apartments are deco- rated with beautiful paintings on a red, blue, and yellow ground. You there fee likewife detached ‘columns, with flowers, candelabras, and ornaments, in the bef ftyle. To the left are two apartments, which were probably thofe of the mafter and miftrefs. The painter gave a free {cope to his imagination in all the pic- tures, which I beheld with inexpreffib!e delight. Nothing can be more pleating, among others, than a dance of perfons in mafks ; and nothing more graceful than a little bird pecking at a bafket of figs. In the centre of the court isa ciftern, the iz. pluvium of the Romans. On a marble pedeftal is a young Hercules feated on a hind of bronze. ‘Thefe two pieces, one of which weighs about twenty pounds, and the other forty, are of the molt finith- ed workmanthip. The water fell from the mouth of the hind into a beautiful couch of Grecian marble. Behind tha pedeftal was a table, the yellow feet of which reprefent the claws of an eagle.— 4A Thee 554 . Thefe perfeS works have likewife been con- veyed to the Mufeum. A lateral corridor on the right leads to a fecond court, which was furrounded by piazzas, as is proved by the o&tagonal columns covered with ftucco. Inone of the apartments are ob- ferved two Bacchantes holding thyrfi.— Above the window, to the right, is a painting of Europa, of great beauty: fhe is quite naked, and is feated on the bull, which is plunging into the fea. Beneath is a young man carrying a bafket of fruits : he is raifing himfelf on tiptoe ; and this attitude required of the artift a ttrongly marked expreffion of the mufcular fyliem. On the oppofite fide a beautiful female dancer excites admiration : fhe is holding and ftriking two cymbals: her veil, which floats behind her, produces a very fine effect. On proceeding into the adjoining hall, the firf thing that ftruck me was a Magnificent pavement of the moft pre- civus African marbles. The ceiling re- prefent Venus between Mars and Cupid. In this hall were found a fmall idol of bronze, a gold vafe weighing threeounces, a gold coin, and twelve othtrs of copper, with the efigy of Vefpafian. In the hall to the left fragments of piétures, painted on wood, half carbonized, were diltin- guifhable ; they were inclofed ina kind of niches ; this was the bed chamber 3; eight little columns by which it was fup- ported. may ftill be feen: they are of bronze, and to their fummits ftill adhere fome pieces of gilded wood, which pro- bably formed a canopy. Oo the lateral wall were painted two priefts with long beards, and clothed in robes of blue and green: they have been removed to the Muleum. ‘The kitchen contained a great quantity of utenfils, moftly .ot iron inlaid with filver with inconceivable perfection. Bat what moft fruck me were five cande- Jabras, painted in fiefco on a ground of an extremely brilliant yellow: I fcarcely knew how to leave the room which con- tained this mafter-piece of talte and ele- gance: they are Jupported by. final] figures, whofe attitude, drefs, and dra- pery, are fo exquilitely graceful, that they might ferveas models to all the bellesin the world. Inthis houfe, asin moft others of the ancienis, you. find nowindow opening towards the fireet. I was ftruck with the fragments. of a chariot which is fill re. wAining in the coach-houfe: you may prrfecily diftinguith the wheels and the brafs ornaments of, the chariot itfelf.— Ciofe to this habitation is feen adoor that conducts to another, and which, to judge by its exterior, will not fwnihh fewer Literary and Philofophical Intelligence. ryan. 1, beauties whenever it fhall be permitted to be opened,”* The Ruffian Government purpofes to form at Petetfburg an inftitution, whofe object is the improvement of every thing connected with the naval fervice, and which will be denominated the Mufeum of the Marine. This inftitution will not be merely a fchool : leflons will be given in all the feiences neceffary for a nayal of- ficer ; and the Mufeum will befides pub- lith a journal treating on every fubject re- lative to the marine. It is to poffefs a li- brary, and a cabinet of natural hiftory, which will be continually open to the pu- pils. This eftablifhment will be under the dire&tion of the Minifter of the Marine ; and its members will wear an uniform fimilar to that of the navy. A very important work on Siberia and the contiguous countries is fhortly expect- ed to appear at Peterfburg in the French language, from the pen of M. DeLau- Nay, counfellor of ftate. One of the moft intimate friends of WINKELMANN, the celebrated German antiquary, named Berenpis, lately de- ceafed, left among his papers feveral let. ters of that celebrated man. Thefe have been publithed by GorHE, who has added various pieces of his own compofition, in which he eudeavours to place the charac- ter of Winkelmann in a new light asa writer and as a man, by delineating him in the moft remarkable circumftances of his life. Counfellor WoLFE, of Halle, has enriched this volume with a very cu- rious piece on the literary and philological | ftudies of Winkelmann. Latftly, Protef- for Meyer has contributed a well-writ- ten Hiftory of the Arts in the laft Century, which concludes the work, to which Go. the has thought fit to give the title of ** Winkelmann and his Age.”” A valuable difcovery for the lovers of antiques has recently been made in the vi- cinity of Havre, in France. In digging on the Cape of La Héve, a black ftone was difcovered, perfectly (quare, and the polifh of which has been extremely well preferved. On five of its fides are incruft- ed the iron heads of lances and javelins.— A fixth is covered with hieroglypkics, among which is difinguithed a Latin in- {cription in Gothic characters, many of the Jetters of which are effaced, and whick may ferve to exercife the fagacity of the curious. This ftone founds hollow, and contains about 120 cubic feet. The following letter, dated from the port of St. Peter and St. Paul, in Kamt- {chatka, the 24th gf Auguit, 1804, i I e 1806.] been received from an officer in the Ruffian expedition under M. de KruseNsTERN: —* On the 6th of May we perceived Hood’s Ifland, and about noon of the fame day Riou’s Ifland, which form a part the group called Marquefas, which the French navigator M. MarcuanD has denominated the Iflands of the Revolu- tion. That which is confidered the largeft of them received from him the appellation of Baux, but in the language of the coun- try it is called Nukahiwah. On the 7th one of our fhips, the Nadefhda, made that ifland : the natives immediately came ‘on board in crowds, and appeared highly de- lighted at our vifit: we obferved among them an Englifhman and a Frenchman, who have been naturalized in the country. About noon our veflel came to an anchor in the Gulph of Anna-Maria, and the next day went on fhore. After viewing the country, we thought fit to pay a vifit to the chief of thefe favages. The wo- men of this ifland are all exceffively ugly ; but this proceeds rather from the difpro- portion of their limbs than the coarfenefs of their features; they generally go naked, their whole drefs confitting of a tew leaves rudely fewed together, with which they cover the partsof generation. Nature, who has been fo niggardly of her favours to the women, feems, by a fingular caprice, to have lavifhed them all on the men: thefe favages are of a noble ftature, and peifect proportions, and we met with none who was either diminutive or deformed : their drefs is very extraordinary ; they make ufe of none excepting for the head, the arms, and the legs, the other parts of the body being entirely naked. Their food is the bread-fivit, cocoa-nuts, fifth, pork, and even human flefh; thele iflanders devour net only their prifoners of war, and the enemies whom they have killed, but even their wives and children in times of {car- city. Their arms are flings, lances, and clubs made of the weod of the éa/uarina. The Englifhman, whom we had on board, and who appears to have refided a confi- derable time among thele cannibals, warn- ed us not to place too great confidence in their apparent joy. As nature feems to have made ample provifion for their ordi- nary wants, they {pend their time in feaft. ing and drinking : they, however, mani- felted great folicitude to ferve us. They ufe the fkin of the whale for making a kind of drum, which is their national mu- fic. Their chief or king, whofe name is ‘Tapeka Ketenue, exerciles no authority aver them ; but he and his family are con- fidered asinviolable ; they pay him a hea- Literary and Philofophical Intelligence. (555 vy tribute on their fifhery, becaufe they look upon him as the mafter of the ocean. They worhhip a certain god called Atua, who is nothing more than the corpfe of their high-prief& ; for as foon as he dies his bedy undergoes various operations : after it has been cleanfed and wafhed with cocoa-nut oil, it is expofed to the air to dry, and thenembalmed : itis then wrap- ped in {kins fewed together, and depofited in the place confecrated to this purpofe : they facrifice to him their prifoners of war, whofe ficth they devour with great avidity. Tde 8th of June the Nadefhda arrived at the ifland of Owhyhee, the inha- bitants of which are much: more induf trious than thole of the Marquefas, but they are lefs ‘handfome. On the 15th of this month we arrived at the port of Sr, Peter and St. Panl. The number of the Kamt({chadales has diminifhed exceedingly, in confequence of epidemic difeafes, which have made dreadful ravages among them, During our refidence in thefe parts cur crews opened a fubfcription for the erec- tion of an hofpital, which foon amounted to the {um of four thoufand rubles.” By a calculation of ten years, from the rf of January, 1791, to the 31ft of De- cember, 1800, it appears that the average number of deaths at Vienna was 14,600 5 out of which were $35 children of the fmall-pox. In 1801, the period in which vaccination began to be introduced, out of 15,101, only 164 children fell victims to the {mall-pox ; in 1802, out of 14,522, only 613; in1803, out of 14,383, but 27 5 and in 1804, out of 14,035, no more than 2. A difea of a very extraordinary nature has appeared among the labourers in a coal-mine at Anzain, near Valenciennes, the caufe of which appears to be confined toa fingle fhaft in that mine. The face and the whole body afflume a very dark yellow colour, and the patient falls into a (tate of Janguor and exhauttion, in which he lingers feveral months, fometimes more than a year, when death generally fuper- venes. Four men who had been thus af- fected more than eight months were re- moved to the hofpital of the School of Medicine at Paris. The characteriltic fymptoms they exhibited were, an univer- fal difcolouration, {welling, inability to walk without opprefiion, palpitations, and habitual perfpiration, One of thefe poor men fell a victim to the malady. M. Hauge, on opening his body, was parti- cularly (truck with the abfence of blood in almoft every part ; and thjs he july con- fiders as one of the moft remarkable cir- 4 Az cumaftuces 556 cumftances of the difeafe. The nivede of treatment adopted with refpect to the others, afrer this dilcovery, was more fuc- cefstul. The firft indications of this fa- vourable change appeared in the projegtion of the blood-veffels. At the period when M. Hallé drew up the above flatement, the three labourers had almof entirely re- covered, and their fkin had refumed nearly its natural colour. The Chevalier Canova, the celebrat- ed feulptor, has gone from Rome to Vien- na to erect the monument of the Archdu- chefs Chriftina, an immenfe compofition of eight marble figures, larger than life, the models and the execution of which have long been objeéts of admiration at Rome.. Before his departure M. Canova exhibited tothe public the model of a co- loffal group, reprefenting the combat of Thefeus and a Centaur. This group is to be executed in marble for Milan. The following details relative to the arts at Rome are given by one of tHe molt diftinguithed {cientific men of that city.— «* We cannot boaft of many literary pro- duétions; but, to make amends, great pains are taken for clearing, cleanfing, ‘and better preferving, the ancient monu- ments of architelure. His Holinefs has greatly promoted this part of the art, one of the moft interefting of antiquity.— The architeé&t and the antiquary will ac- quire new fubjects of erudition, and new works and new engravings will be render- ed neceflary. The Work of Desco- DETZ, anew edition of which is about to be publifhed by M. Carto Fea, will de- rive an immenfe advantage from thefe la- bours, and will become almoft entirely new. How different from what we have been accuftomed to behold it, will appear that celebrated Pantheon, hitherto almoft unknown, though the moft beautiful of ancient edifices, and in the bett preferva- tion. The Flavian Amphitheatre, or Co- lifeum, will be cleanfed, and the public ‘will have accefs to it, as toa mufeum.— The Temple of the Sybil at Tivoli has been repaired ; and the two arches of Sep- timius Severus and of Conftantine have been cleared of the earth which covered them. The column of Antoninus has been cleaned, and is no longer covered with duft. The.fuppofed Temple of Vefta at Rome, on the Fiber, as well as the neighbouring one of Fortuna Virilis, will be cleared of the rubbifh in which they have been as it were buried ; and the interior of themwill be cl-anfed. Thus, by the exertions of his Holinefs, ancient Rome will be expofed to view, and mo- Literary and Philofophical Intelligence. [Jan. 1, dern Rome will be embellifhed. Nor has the Holy Father forgotten the moft cele- brated of the modern buildings, the fmall circular temple erected in 1502, after the defigns of the illuftrious BRamManre Lazzeri, under the aufpices of Ferpi- NanD the Catholic, King of Spain. It fell into'ruins fome years fince, not from age, but in confequence of the late troubles, I: was fold, in order that its precious materials might be removed :—« but his Holinefs has refolved to repair it in a ftyle of great elegance. In a fhort time M. Carlo Fea will (peak of all thefe new undertakings in the fecond volume of his Mifceljanies, which he has particu- larly devoted to what relates to the re. fearches now carrying on, exclufive of what will be faid in his Illutirations of Defgodetz, M. Guatraniwill likewife treat of them in a new Journal which M. Carlo Fea is about to undertake. The former gentleman is at prefent engaged on the Sequel to the Unpublifhed Monu- ments, in which will be found many inte- refling particulars. ‘The Mufeom of the iluftrious Cardinal Borera has paffed into hands by which it will not benegleé- ed. His nephew, the prelent poffeffor is a man of information, and has a deep fenfe of the glory which the Cardinal acquired for his family by this unique colleétion. He continues the engravings which his uncle intended to have executed from drawings of the moft remarkable. objects inthe Mufeum. He has communicate the Mexican Manulcript to M. Avex. ANDER VON HumBoLpT, and has per- mitted him to make ufe of it for his work : but he is thwarted in his noble defigns by the pretenfions of the Propa- ganda. The Cardinal made thar fociety his heir, but bequeathed the Mufeum and other legacies to his family. He unfor- tunately made ule of the expreflion, « My. Maleum which is at Velletri ;” and the Propaganda claim a vight to every thing that happened to be at Rome at the mo- ment of the Cardinal's death, though the articles inconteftibly formed a part of the Muteum. By a fecond fatality the Cop- tic inflruments, cf which M. Zogca has jut completed the defeription, were among the objects that had been brought to Rome. This important work cannot therefore be publifhed till after the deci- fion of the procefs, unlefs the two parties come to a previous arrangement.—Two learned Sicilians, the Chevaliers Lanpo- Lint and SerRiNE have refided for fome time at Rome. already evinced fuch zeal for the antiqui- ties The former, who has- oe 1906.] ties. of his country, is ftill engaged in re- fearches at the Theatre of Syracufe ; and we are indebted to him for the recent dif- covery of two fine ftatues, an AB{culapius and a Venus, which, however, is not fo beautiful as has been afferted. He is at this moment writing a Memoir on fome infcriptions found at the Theatre of Syra- cufe. The Chevalier Sirini is endeavour- ing to difpofe of his colle&tion of volcanic productions, and is preparing for a tour in the north.” A new thermometer has been invented for regiftering the highe(t and loweft tem- vatures in the abfence of the obferver, which is faid to be a more fimple, as well as a lefs expenfive, inftrument than Six's thermometer. It confilts in two thermo- meters, one mercurial, and the other of, alkohol, having their ftems horizontal. The former has for its index a fmall piece of magnetical fteel wire, and the latter a minute thread of glafs, having its two ends Review of New Mufical Publications. 55T formed into fmall knobs by fufion in the flame of a candle. The magnetical bit of wire lies in the vacant fpace of the mer- curial thermometer, and is pufhed forward by the mercury whenever the temperature rifes and pufhes that fluid againit it; but when the temperature falls, and the fluid retires, this index is left behind, and fhews the maximum. The other index, or bit of glafs, lies in the tube of the {pirit-ther- mometer immerfed in the alkohol, and when the (pirit retires by the depreffion of temperature, the index is carried along with it in apparent contaét with its interior furface ; but on increafe of temperature the {pirit goes forward and leaves the in- dex behind, which therefore thews the minimum of temperature fince it was fet, The fteel index is eafily brought to the mercury by applying a magnet on the out- fide of the tube, and the other is properly placed at the end of the column of alkchal by inclining the whole inftrument. REVIEW OF NEW MUSICAL PUBLICATIONS, Thorough Bafs made eafy; to which is added, a “ Table of the principal Chords, their Names and Figures, Fc. Ge, by F. L. Pupil of the Chevalier Mango, 75, 6d. re Chevalier Mango, late profeffor at Rome, and preceptor to the Duke Ce- farini, is not difcredited by this theoreti- cal work of -his pupil F. L. from which much neceffary and ufeful information may be derived by the young mufical ftu- dent. The ingenious author properly commences with a definition of the terms melody and harmony, thence proceeding to the various intervals, concords and dif- cords, and minorand major keys; all which he clearly and fatisfactorily explains. The 2d. 3d. and 4th chapters on Inverted Chords, the diminifhed Seventh, and Chords by fuppofition, are well arranged ; and the 5th on Cadences is familiar and obvious, The accompaniment of the fcale, afcend- ing and defending poffefles much utility, as well as the examples, which are given with a correétnefs and precifion that can- not fail to recommend the publication. The various rules for accompanying a . pth are judicioufly laid down, and the table, in which the principal chords, their inverfions, names, and figures, with the continued fundamental bales are {een at one view, is novel as ufeful, and greatly calculated to promote the main objeét of the work, Dirge to the Memory of Lord Vifcount Nelfin, Jet to Mufic for Four Voice?; by Thomas Att- wood, Ejg. 35. Seven new compofitions from the. pen of this ingenious gentleman have come ta our hands, the merits of all which claim our immediate notice, had we room. The prefent piece abounds in fcience without the affectation of abitrufenets, and poffeties as much melody, as perhaps ought to be admitted on fo gravea fubje&t. With the modulation of the harmony, and difpofi- tion of the parts, we are greatly pleafed, and cannot but award much praife to the force and jultnels of the exprefion. The Rev, Mr. Bowles, to.whofe mule the pub- lic are indebted for the excellent words of this dirge, is happy in his compofer; and no hearer of tafte or judgment will Jiften to this production without acknowledging the force of good poetry combined with good mufic. Vidtory,a Song on the much lamented Death of Lord Vifcount INeljon, who glorioufly fell in the Caufe of his Country at the Battle of Trafal- gar. Compofed by W. P. R. Cope. ‘15. 6d. Of the words of this (ong we cannot {peak in the warmelt terms of praife. Mr. Dix- well, their author, has not written them under the influence of the Mufes, or of the energetic fpirit of their noble fubje, In the mufic we find fome bold and’ ap- propriate 558 propriate paffages, and think the general effect will encreafe the number of thofe who join in our favourable opinion of Mr. Cope’s talent for vocal compofition. The Burial Serwice and Anthem appointed to be performed at the Funeral of Lord Vifcount Nelfon, Duke of Bronté, at Sr. Paul’s Cathe - deal. Dedicated io the Bifbop of Lincoln, Dean of St. Paul's, by Fabn Page, Vicar Chora!, 5S- We have not learnt by whofe appoint- ment the prefent burial fervice and an- them are adopted for the funeral of Lord Nelfon ; but when our readers are inform- ed that they are taken from the works of Croft, Purcell and Greene, they will not difpute the judgment of the fele€tor. Mr. Page has prefented them to the public with a neatoefs and accuracy that do cre- dit to his zeal in the caufe of our naval ‘glory, and the ever-memorable atchieve- ments of the noble deed. Three Sonatas for the Piano-iorte. Compofed and Dedicated to the Hon. Auguflus Barry, by S. Hale. , Three fonatas, which may be had toge- ther at five fhillings, or feparately at two fhillings each, are written in that eafy and pleafant ftyle which cannot but enfure them a favourable reception with the ge- nerality of practitioners. The fubjects would fo well have admitied of an ac- companiment for the violin, or flute, and the effect would thereby have been fo much improved, that we ceuld have wifh- ed Mr. Hale had not omitted fo defirable an appendage. ‘s Wandering Mary,” a Ballad, with an Accom- paniment for the Piano-Forte. Compofed by Thomas Thampfon, of Newcaftle-upox-Tyne. Price Is. This ballad is melatious and expreffive. The introductory and concluding fym- phanies areremarkably pretty, and the ac- companiment is well arranged. By thofe who are pleafed with fimplicity of melo- dy, and eafe of execution, ** Wandering Mary,” will be found an agreeable little exercife for the voice. “6 O'erDefert Plains and Rufhy Meers,”’ a Ballad, fung by Mrs. Mountain, Compofed and De- dicated to Mijs Hutshinfon, by ames Henry Leffler. 15. The melody of this little fong difplays confiderable powers of fancy. ‘Ihe ideas Review of New Mufical Publications. [Jan. 1, flow with eafe and nature, and the expref- fion is forcible and juft, With the obli- gato accompaniment for the flageolet we are much ftruck. It is conftruéted with talte, and caleulated to greatly im- prove the general effect, “ La Biondina in Gondoletta;’ A favorite Venetian Canzonet, with Variations. Dedi« cated to T. Fenwick, Ejg. byG. F. Cooke, 2s Mr. Cooke has annexed to this popular air five variations, the ftyle of which is tafteful and engaging. The femitonic paflages are ingenioufly conftruéted, and the progreffive difficulty in their execution is advantageous to the young practitioner. 66 My Mother,” a Song, fung by Mrs. Afhe, at the Public and Private Concerts. Compofed by Thomas Attwood, E/g. 1s. 6d. To this fimple and affeéting little fang Mr. Attwood has given a pleating and ap- propriate melody. The accompaniment, which is adapted for the harp or piano~ forte, very properly confilts of little more than an harmonization of the air ; and the geneval effect is admirably charatteriftic, Mogart’s ** Lowe Good Morning,” arranged as a Glee for Three Voices, with an Accompanirzene for the Piano-Forte or Harp, by M. Rozelli. eget written by Rofa Matilda. Price Is. 6d. This charming little melody forms by Mr. Rozelli’s arrangement, an excellent ballad glee. The parts are combined with judgment, and the general effect is highly pleafing. Lady Heatheste’s Favorite Pollaca. Compofed and arranged as a Rondo for the Piano-Forte, Sy S. Hale. Price 1s. The ftyle of this Rondo is pleafing, and perfectly familiar. The paflages are fmooth, and calculated to introduce the juvenile finger to a proper and natural mode of execution. ¢ Why does my Charming Lefbia frown ?” A favorite Song. The Words by Capt. Chad, the Muficiy F. Terrail. Price 1. This little fong poffefles the merit of being novel and charaéteriftically fimple in its melody. The fenfe of the words are well expreffed, and the bas is chofen with judgment. REPOR} a 1806.) ( 5859 ) REPORT OF DISEASES, In the public and private PraGice of one of the Phyjicians of the Finfbury Difpenfaris From the 20th of November to the 20th of December. | TATARR AUS) so keciank Siig: = ShHA 23 Diarrhea et Dyfenteria._......--- I Peewminniaviss ee hy we ke e---- TF Muss Dyfpeptica whe so vr eA 3 eae se AM TAS RE ESS PY 5 MBeamatilaisy. 2 3 Vue. cale ats sk Z Lt OS ae 2 ed ay Ses ak ey ecg a 16 LEEPER Se ND. ll Si 4 Pneumatofis ........... SS I PS EE SIE ageless aed ha ah 3 Hiypochondriafis vise ieee. ek yo. 8 Amenorrhea et Chlorofis .....-.-..-- 9 Menounba pia) 1) Jas0t le A aed. wwe 6 AaRen ae 2 2 pycisthd tek Jeep Li ee 19 Opthalmia Syphilitica.. . 2-2 .-2.- oe I Opthalmia Scrophulofa....---.--.-.- I Miggropephalus's 54. sacesck aeisie ko 1 Tabes Mefenterica ~....----. et 9 PACRH RE ntanel) 3.) ohh art! cae lei 17 Fafhion, that deftroying angel, has -{carcely commenced her career of depre- dation amonpit the diffipated inhabitants of this metropolis. This is fo far fortu- nate, as during the rigors of mid-winter the habits and amufements of the higher claifes, and of thofe who are ambitious of imitating them, would prove more ef- pecially injurious, and more extenfively fatal in their operation. . In the fafhionable world the harveft of difeafe is not as yet fully’ ripe; but the inferior and intermediate ranks fill conti- Nue in this, as in the preceding month, to exhibit a more than ordinary profulion of catarrha] and other kindred affections. To individuals of every order in the community it appears, at this feafon of the year particularly,: {uitable and impor- tant to fuggelt the eapediency of avoiding the fudden application of the ftimulus of artificial warmth, after the excitability has unduly accumulated in confequence of its temporaly deprivation. What is called catching a cold, ought not by going out of a heated apartment into a frigid atmofphere, but out of the latter into the former. The beft way; indeed, of guarding againft the danger of a chilling medium is, immediately before expofure to its influence, to charge the body with a fuperabundant quantity of calorie. The experiments and reafonings of Fordyce, Darwin, Currie*, Beddoes, and ftill more recently of Dr. Stock of Bristol, have co-operated to confirm, and fully ef- tablith this doftrine. But it was firft fuggefted by the originality of that man, the impetus of whole powerful and pon- derous mind turned at once into a new channel all medical pragtice and fpecu- lationt. Even Brown, however, had only the merit of laying the firft ftone of a ftill unfinifhed edifice. He drew a rude and inaccurate outline, which has fince by other hands, to a certain degree, been correéted and filled up. But for probably a long iucceffion of future intelleé&ts is it left to accomplith and complete the moral and phyfical philofophy of the animated frame. J. Resp. Grenville-fireet, Brunfwick-fquare, December 24, 1805. Et Se ie it ene ae * To mention the name of Currie js fcarcely poffible, without exprefling a deep regret thac the name a/one remains of one who poffeffed all the brilliancy and all the ardour of genius; who, with profeffional ace quifitions and talents the moft eminent and practical, united an elegance of tafte and a degree of claffical erudition which made him, if not quite, nearly the fineft writer of bis age. 5 ‘* The philofophy, of Brown, which is the pbilofiphy of organized nature, was pra= duced in Scotland, and has been cultivated and improved in Germany. It is defpifed in France, where it is Nill imperfecily known,” Villiers on the Reformation. to becailed catching a heat; it is produced TO CORRESPONDENTS. The pieces with the following fignatures do noc (uit ws, and will be returned by the pub- lifher, if called for.—We defire to have it obferved, that many communications under this predicament are reictted on no other ground than that either their fubjects are anticipated or exhaufted, or are thought, inexpedient for difcuffion in our mifcellany, or for fome other reafon not affecting their intrinfic merit. With refpect to feveral queries, we muft remark that they are fuch as might be eafily folved by application to common fources of informa- tion, and therefore would occupy our pages to little advantage to our readers. Philomufos, W. S., P. P. D., P. F, S.W., L, Philamufa, Conatus’s Reply, D., Philander, J. E.B, M.S., Juvenis, R. T., Harmonicus, C. A. T., W. G. H., Derry- down, Cenfor, S. Y., J. D., W.B., C. A. W., On the Bards, Anecdotes of Mozart, E. Didius, E, T., D.L.S., A Berean, J. B., Hubba, Vindex, Orion, W,. H. W., * B. Account of a Book Socicty, NEW . ( 360 ) [Jan. 1, NEW PUBLICATIONS IN DECEMBER. —_——EE As the List of New Publications, contained in the Monthly Magazine, is the ONLY COMPLETE LISY’ PUBLISHED, and confequently the only one that can be ufeful to the Public for purpofes of general reference ; it is requested, that Authors and Publifbers will continue to communicate Notices of their Works (pok paid), and they will always be faithfully inferted FREE of EXPENCE. AGRICULTURE. IRGIL’s two Seafons of Honey, and his Seafon of fowing Wheat;. with a new and compendious Method of inveftigating the vifing and fetting of the fixed Stars ; by Sa- mueé! Lord Bifhop of St. Afaph, 4to. 4s. 6d. ASTRONOMY. Evening Amufements for 1306; or, the Beauty of the Heavens difplayed, By W. Frend, Efg. with fix Plates of the principal Conftellations. 3s. BIOGRAPHY: _ Memoirs of Public Chara&ters of 1805- 1806 ; embellifthed with feveral ftriking Likeneffes. 8vo. os. 6d. Phillips. Memoirs of Lord Vifcount Nelfon; with Obfervations, original Letters, and biogra- phical Notes. By John Charnock, Efq. 8vo. Memoirs of Richard Cumberland, Efg. written by himfelf; containing an Account of his Life and Writings, with Anecdotes and Characters of feveral of the moft diftinguifhed Perions of his Time, with whom he has had Connexion. With Portraits. 4to. 21. 2s. CHEMISTRY. Converfations on Chemiftry, in which the Elements of that Science are familiarly ex- plained and illuftrated by Experiments. With Plates by Lowry. 12mo. 1qs. boards COMMERCE. A concife Account of the Commerce and Navigation of the Black Sea, from recent and authentic Information, 2s. Logarithm ‘abies adapted to the Calcula- tion of, Exchange and Buliion; with Initruc- tions for their Ufe. By P. L.D. Bonhote. Royal 8vo. 6s. DRAMA. ‘The Weathercock, a Farce, in two A@s. By J. 1. Allingham, Efgq.. 4s. 6d. Remarks, Critical, Conjeétural, and Ex- planatory, upon the Plays of Shakejpeare, including Obfervations from the Manufcripts of the late Lord Chedworth. By E. H. Sey- mour, 8vo. 2 vols. x1. 15, EDUCATION. Tricot Anglicifed ; or, the Latin Syntax, as ufed in the late Univerfity of Paris. A- dapted to the Ufe of the Englifh Student. By G. Reynolds. 15. 6d. A comparative View of the new Plan of Education promulgated by Mr. Jofeph Lan- cafter, and the Sytem of Chriftian Educa- tion founded by our pious Forefathers for the Education of the young Members of the Church in the Principles of the reformed Religion. By Mrs. Trimmer. js. A Plan for the Eftablifhment and Regulae tion of Sunday Schools. 8vo. 23. 6d. GEOGRAPHY. Geographical Delineations; or, a Com- pendious View of the Natural and Politicat State of all Parts of the Globe. By J. Aikin, M.D. fmall 8vo. 2 vols. 125, HISTORY. The Secret Hiftory of the Court and Cabi- net of St. Cloud, in a Series of Letters, written during the Months of Auguft, Sep- tember, and OCtober, 1805. 12mo. 3 vols, 11, 1s. MILITARY. An Inquiry into the Origin and Mode of Commencement of the different Wars of Europe for the two laft Centuries. By the Author of the Hiftory and Foundation of the Law of Nations in Europe. Confiderations upon the beft Means of en~ furing the internal Defence of Great Britain, containing a particular Inquiry into the Uti- lity of Markfmen, By J. T. Barber, Efq. Captain commanding the Duke of Cumber- land’s Corps of Sharp Shooters: 1s. 6d. A Sketch of the Rife, Progrefs, and Ter- mination, of the Regular Corps, formed and commanded by Europeans in the Service of the native Princes of India, with Details of the late War. By Lewis Ferdinand Smith, late Major in Dowlut Rao Scindea’s Service. With fix coloured Plans, tos. 6d.; without the Plans, 6¢s. : Mr. Francis’s Speeches on the Mahratta War. 28. 6d. - MEDICINE. Letters to Dr. Rowley, on his late Pamphe. let entitled ‘* Cow Pox Inoculation no Secu rity againft Small Pox Infection. By Acu- teus. The Domeftic Guide in Cafes of Infanity. Izmo. 25. Obfervations on Vaccine Inoculation, tend- ing to confute the Opinion of Dr. Rowley and Others. By Henry Frazer, M.D. 2s. MENSURATION. The Elements of Land-furveying in all its Branches, practically adopted to the Ufe of Schools and Students, and including all the various Departments of Practical Geometry, Trigonometry, and Menfuration ; with com- plete inflrugtions for Plotting and Mapping, illuftrated. ‘ 1806.] illuftrated by a great Variety of highly fi- nifhed Engravings, plain and coloured, con- taining alfo copious Tables of Sines, Tan- gents, and Logarithms. By Abraham Crock- er, Land-Surveyor, of, Frome, in Somerfet- fhire. i2mo. 7s. bds. MISCELLANIES. 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Vol. If. vellum paper. 9S. : —————= Don Carlos. 12mo0. 75 w—e— Rauber. 8vo. 2s, 6d. -———— Fiefko. 8vo. 35. 6d. die ——-— Cabale und Lrebe. 8vo. 35. 6d. w—_—-— 30 jahr Krieg. - 2 vols, plates, 125s. f ‘ Sahiftedt’s Schwedifche Gram. 3s. 6d. ' ¢ ; 12mo. AS LN SE SAS AvpnaBETicaL List of BANKRUPTCIES and DivipENDs announced between ihe zoth of November and the 20th of December, extracted from the London Gaxeties. BANKRUPTCIES. The Solicitors’ Names are between Parenthefes. AUSTIN John, Longdon-upon-Fern, miller. (Jenkins, James and Co. New Ion) Bujlock Stanly, TyldeMey, Lancafter, (Foulkes and Lgnecile, Gray's Ton ) . Baldock Thomas, Chatham Hill, miller. (Couper and Lowe, Chancery-lane) Baylis Stephen, Ledbury, baker. (Edmond’s and Son, Ex- chequer-office) Ye ba bap fil ger Ledbury, baker. (Fewtrifs, Gray’s-inn- jane Burrows Wfrael, Mirfield, miller. (Sykes and Knowles, Bofwell Court) Bate Tho. Macclesfield, draper. (Willis’s, Warrford-court) Croudfon Thomas, Wigan, innkeeper. (Blankftock, St, Mildred’s Court) Cox Edward the younger, Sedgley. vitualler. (Egerton, Grats-inu) . Calvert Robert, Great Mary-le-bone ftreet, fadler. (Bouf- feld, Bouveris (rect) : ! Cummings Thomas, Kirkby Lonfdale, fpirit merchant. (Swale, New Bofwell-court) Cockerill William, Ludgate-hill, linen-drapers (Henfon, Dorfet ('reet} Cbalmers Fra. liverpool, broker, (Windles John-free:) Couke Jofah. New Koad, matum (Greenwood, Manchef- ter ftreetr) Coats Edward, Rurton vpon-Trent, common brewer. (Owen aud Hicks, bartiett’s Buildings Colman Willam, Long Acre, baker. (Collins and Wal- lev. Spital fyuare Coats Edward, Thomas Mafiey, and Jofeph Hall. Horming- _ low, brewer, (Owen aid Hicks, Bartictt’s huildings) Dickenfon William, the elder, Vhomas Goodall, and Ww, Dickenfon the younger, poultry, bankers. (Adams, _ Yle Jewry) Dickentfon illiam, Thomas Goodall, Michael Goodall . and William Dickenfon the younger. Birmingham, bonkers. (Devon and Tooke, Gray’s-inn) Davis John, Oxford, dealer and chapman. (Charles Tomes, Oxtord) Fillis Jof. Worcetter, flax dreffer (Pownail, Staples inn) England Wiliam, Little Walfingham, fhopkeeper. (Deck- __ ery Little Walfingham) Fifher Stanly Marshall, Gravefend, linen draper, (Vander com and Comyn, Bufh lane) . Fountain Senjamiv, Hounflow, Butcher, (Wild, War- + wick fyuare) Fogg, &alph and Thomas Cantrell, Manchefter, cotton manufadturers. \Key and Renhaw, Manchefter) Farrar Wiiliam, saiford, plumber and glazier, (Morgan, Manchetter) ‘ Graves Wiliam, Lloyd's coffee houfe, merchant. (Glenn, Garlick fat Giffard James, Shepherd fireet, cual merchant. (Bromley and celi, Holborimeonrt) Gibbs bier Newport, hackneyman. (Gilbert, New- port 2! wt Grecn’ John, Benton, cotton fpinber. (Wrigglefworth, Gray's inn fquare) pila reter, Wentworth ftreet, cooper. (Grove, Villiers veet ‘ i Gill samuel, Horbury, tallow chandler. (Sykes and Knowles, Bofwell court) ‘ Harrifov Wiliam, [fleworth, merchant, (Sheppard and Adlington, Bedford row) Fe 4 Héward Yhomas, and William Howard, Manchefter, foap _ boilers. (Battie, Chancery lang) Nadfiel¢ Thomas and William Hadfield, Wakefield, desler. _, Lambert, Ratton garden) Helens Chriftopher Watfon, (James. Grays inn) Hijckinbotham Sanjuel, Brixton hill, miller. Kouverte frreety Hale Francts, Leess, merchant. (Wilfun, Greville Street) Hemfley fiepry, Great Coram Street, baker. (Vincent and plone, Bedford ftreet, - Howard Thomas, partuer with William Howard, Mane . Chelter, foap boiler. | Batiye, calico printer. Plymouth, linen drapers (Murphy, Irving William, Liverpool, Jiquer merchant. John ftreet) } ’ . Izod William, Queen ftreet, warehoufeman, (Nichollsy Taviltock ftreet) : (Windle, Jones, James Blow, New Bond ftretty fruiterer. (Pareil, Berkley fyuare) Kettle. ‘George, Mirmingham, toy maker. (Tarrant and Moule, Chancery Jane) Kendall Samuel, Liverpool, timber merchant. ‘well and Srephenfon, Drury lane) Leech Wiliam, Salford, brewer. Co. Mancheter) , i , Lowther Robert, Sheffield, and Throgmorton ftreet, merchant. (Batrie, Chancery Jane) Levy Michael, Rofemary Jane, victualler, Great George ftreet) . Mellor John, Sheffield, rope maker, garden) Mockitt Thomas, Peal, miller. bed, Norfolk ftreet) Mofes. Jacob, Newmarket ftreet, falefman. ‘Great George® ftreet) 5 Mercer John, Uxbridge, tham place, mealman. finghall ftreet) " ' Marfden Wiliam, Mauchefter, merchant, (Milne and Parry, Old’ Jewry) , j - t Macpherfon Wiliam, Maiden lane, ftraw hat manu~ * gaéturer. (Wild, Warwick fquare) ~ Marti Abfolom, Aldgate, Jeweller, (Loddington and Danjel Whitaker» (Barde (Duckworth and (Ifaacs, (Biggs, Hatton (Browns and Goto= (1faacs, and Nicholas Mercer, Chae “(Lugyan and Smith, a- Hall, King's bench walk’ 3 Miluer Gamaliel, ) ‘Thurliton and Manchelter, cotton manufacturers. (Edge, Mane chefter) ¥ Nicholfon Henry, Biopfeate ftreet, filk mercer (Collins and, Waller, Spital Square, ‘ O‘Hagan George, Buckingham, liquor merchant. (Smith and Setree,.Great st. Helens) Ormrod George, Manchefter. dyer. Gray’s inn Pierce John, Edis, Clement’s lane) . : ‘ Prefton, Robert, Liverpool, and Henry Madden, Liver- pool, merchants. » (Blackttock, 8t. Mildred’s court): Palmer Thomas. Goudge ttreet, haberdather. (Pinery Charles itreet : Pettitt Jofeph, Yarmouth, upholfterer. (Newcomb, Vine ftreet) ” . F Paterfon James, Red Lyon ftreet, upholfterer. land. Old. Broad ftrect) ‘ me : Rangdale Benjamin, Manningham, clothier. (Evans, Thavies mn) ‘ toe ~ (Folkes and Co. Lower Themes ftreet, fithmongere (Eng- Rice Thomas, High fireet, leather cutter. (Gunning, Clement's mn 3 Rawitorn William, Sharples, dealer in cattle. _ (Windle, John ftreet) . Rindall William, the elder, Maniogtree, innkeeper. (Bromley and Bejl, Gray's inn) Rone Jokn, Drury lane, grocer. (Wild, Warwick » fquare) i Robinfow William, the younger, Newcaftle-upon-Tyneé, fadier. Wortham and, Stephenfon, Caftle. ftreer) Robinfon Peter, George Clemens, Liverpool, merchant. (Bousfield, Eouverie {treet) Saul Edward, Liverpool, . merchant, Hunter, Lincoln’s ing Smith Thomas, Fih + Tooks Court) R Shepperd Alexander, Selby, thipwright. Martin, Furnival’s Ton; Smith John, Mancheiter, and Sailey, Manchefter) Smith Wiliapgi, Bridge road, corn charrdler. _lackiman freer ‘ 7 Sims William, Newgate market, carcafe butchers (Wild, Warwick fquare) Tate James, Afptord, grocer. and Go. Throgmorton ftreet Tankard John, Birmingham, -North ftreet) ~ : Tullock John, the younger, Savage gardens, broker, (Rivingron, Fenchurch buildings) (Kay (Macdougall and areet, plaiferer. (Taylor, Baxters ane cotton merchant, ; (John- (Ware, (Palmer, Tomlinfon actor. (Wilfon, New Thomas Join, Mancheter, cotton fpianer aud Renshaw, Mancheiter) 2 a . \ 1806.) White Thomas, Broadftairs, fhip builder. (Dumett . and Greaves, King’s, arms yard) Watlou Jacob Elton, cotton fpinner. (Milne. and Parry, Old Jewry): Wright ‘Jonathsn, Leadenhall market, butcher, (Wil- _kinfon, White Lyon ftreet) Wright Sinclair, White Horfe fane, merchant. (Sarell, Surry treet) . Worley Charles. Wood ftreet, warehoufeman, (Kibble- white and Rowland, Gray’s inn) Woung Samuel, North Aucley ftreet, furgeons (Cun- Ringham, Red Lyon ftreet) DIVIDENDS ANNOUNCED, Acklam, William, Beverley, tanner, January 15, final Arferft John, Witterfiam, corn merchant, January 3 * Afhmore Tho. Swithin's lane, merchant, December io Barlow James, Monmouth fireet, tallow chandler, Jas Nuary 21 : Bal) James, Taunton, hawker, Javuary 10, final Barton Silas, Whitechurch, linen draper, January 7 ‘Burwood William, st. John’s, Wapping, Wharfinger, De- cember 31, final Burfiit James, Mere, cheefefactor, January 21 Braddon Wiiliam, Polperro, fhopkceper, Deceinber 30 Bell James, Coningsby, miller, December 30, final Bowyes John, Portfinouth, mercer, December 23 Boyce Simouds Woodcock, Great Yarmouth, merchant, December 23 Bennett Obadiah, Bell yard, Carey ftreet, December 24 ~ Blunt William, Swanfea, dealer, December 21, final Blacklock William, Rathbone place, dealer in glafs, Ja- Duary 21, final ni Benfon John, and James Benfon, Lancafter, linen drapers, December 38 Bentiey Richard, Wellclofe {quare, haberdafher, Dec, 17 Baker, St. Peter's hill, ferritt weaver, December 10 Barker Samuel, Lane Delph, manufacturer of earthen ware, December 17, final Beelton Jofeph, Manchefter, merchant, December 12 Baker John, Holborn, Jinen draper, December 17 Butler William, Holborn, tavern keeper, December ar Curtis Michael, Scott James Henry Alexander, Watling ftreet, brandy merchants, january 4, final Caven Peter, Brighthelmfone, linen draper, Dec. 21, final €ruckfhanks James, Gerrard ftreet, fath and fan light . Manufactirer, Japuary 21 Clegg Charles, Milnrow, woollen manufacturer, Dec. 20 Coleman Jobn, Fetter lafic, painter and glazier, Noy. 26 Davis Henry, Portfea, merchant, January 20 . De Mierre John David Albert, Broad itreet chambers, merchaht, December 21 Dann Wiliiam, Timewell Bentham, Bryan Bentham, and James Baikie, Chatham ana sheernefs, bankers, De- cember 10 Dodfon John, Leeds, merchant, December 23 Davis Geo, Bofton, glafs and china feller, December 19 wi feasts Peter, St. Martin’s court, watch maker, Fe- ruary 15 De Mierre, John David Albert, and James Crofhie, Broad _ftreet chambers, December 21 Beighton Tho. Manchefter, calico printer, December 20 Davis George, Bofton, giafs and china-ware feller, De- cember 13 Pyfon, Samuel, Soyland, merchant, December 26, final meus John, Whitechapel road, china man, Jauuary 21, nal Emertun James, Bitton, brafs and fpelter maker, January 2 Edgar Johu, Blackburn, dealer, December zo Eafterby Geo St. Thomas (treet, victualler, December 28 Edwards Robert George and Jofeph Jackfon, St. Mary Axe, and Strand. December 18 Eaton Jothua. Liverpool, merchant, December 31, fina) Eyve eg dea ee Tokenhoufe yard, merchaut, January 28, fina Fromings John, Rorfmonden, victualler- January 11 Frafer Thomas, Nicholas lane, merchant, January 30, final Fentham Henry Hall, Greville itreer, merchant, Jan. 30 Frauklin Thomas, Leightou Buflart, mency ferivener, anuery 7 Frafer Yhomas, and Thomas Boyifton, Nicholas lane merchants, January 30, final Fox Bartholomew, Gough tquare, merchant, Jafuary 7 Finden James, jun. Clipttone ftreet, carpenter, Wee. 17 French George, Great Eaftehcap, broker, December io Forbes Francis, Blackman (treet, Southwark, chemift and druggift, December 17 Gurdom William, jun. Stoney Stratford, lace merchant, De- cember 31 Graham Robert and William, Making place, and Graham James, Aldermanbury, cotton manufatturers, Decem- ber 30, Anal Gooddy Thomas, Sheffield, grocer, December 175 final Gilbert Thomas, Birmingham, factor, January 6 _ Gifford Richard Ireland, Briftol, skinner, December 23 Gooktry Peter Rufhton, cotton fpinner, January 7, hnal Groves John, Liverpool, mariner, December 16 Bogre Veter, Brockham Green, fiopkeeper, January 2 Nenderfun, David the younger; Bernard Greet, merchdnt, January 25 Hal) Samuel, sheffield, nat manufacturer, Decoinber 18 Hitchon, Newcafie firect, Strand, whalebone cutter, De- cember 4 v4 Marwood Abranamy, Malden, oumunger. Dec. 1B lg ek Se ar iiseh Holborn, bookfeler, Decembar 10, fina’ t - Martis Thomas, and Price Johu, Brihol, merbhants, De~ é oa A phabetical Lift of Bankrupts and Dividends. 563 Hemens Thomas. Dunsford, mifler, December zu} final Henley William, Newton Bufhell, merchant, Pec.17, final Haigh James, Kent ftreet, Southwark, ftage matter, Deceme er {74 final Humphries Henry Jenner and William, Fleet ftreet, Druge gift, December 14 ; Jewitt William, Snaith lodge, brandy merchant. January 24 Jones Thomas, Dowlais, grocer, December 30, final James Thomas, Rodborough, and Anthony Bond, of Stan« ley’s end, clothiers, January 6’ pehpion Chriftopher, Great Stambridge, merchant, Decemne er 31 Keeble Heury Afhley, Peckham, furveyor, Januaty 25 Keyle John, Kidderminfter. builder, January 3 Ketlana James, New City Chambers, merchant, Janerr Kemp Samuel, St. Catherine court, Tower hil!, cheefemon- ger, December 10, final Kraufs John simon, Manchefter, merchant, December 17 ane eS Newcaftle-upon-Tyue, Forter, December 165 ‘fina Leigh Henry, Ropemaker ftreet, tobacconilt, Decemher 28 Lewis Rich, Codfield of St, Peter’s, thopkeeper, January 21 Lane John, Frafer Thuimas, and Boyliton Thomas, Nicho-~ las lane, merchants, January 30 Lea Henry, ropemaker’s Itreet, tobacconift, December 14 M'Cormack Dan, Marfhall Greet, coachmaker, January ig Macfarlane John, Mark lane, merchant, January 7, fina) Mackenzie John, Old City Chambers, merchant, January 1 Maxwell Robert, George Greet, thip broker, December ag Mozley Lewln Morris, Liverpool, merchant, December ¢7 Main fofeph, Northampton, ironmonger, January 15 Meifkie Henry, Edward ftreet, taylor, December to Newton James, Uldhem, innkeeper, coach maker, Dec. If Pain Alexander, Stow-on-the Wold, draper, December 3) Purle Samuel, Drury Jane, victualler, Decen.ber 21 Penny Davidfon, the younger, Wappiue, whip chandler, De= _ cember 17, final Prince William, Stockport, cuttan fpinner, January 11 Tollington Charles, Havant, thopkeeper, January 4, final Rowe Mark, Truro, fiopkeeper, January 7 Reddeli Ifaac Hadley, Welftbromwich, iron founder, Des _ cember 28 Richardfon Peter, Wakefield, woolftapler, January 4 Roberts Fra. St. Martin’s court, mercer, Jan.17 final Bobinion Thomas, Charlotte ftreet, victualler, January 1g, nal Robins Francis, Deretend, merchant, January 6 Reilly Jonn Deare, Walbrook, infurance broker, Dec. 17 Richuld Michael, Brighthelinftone, Wine merchant, De- comber 17 Scott Adam, Workington. mercer, January 14, final. Sedden George, Alderfgate ttreet, cabinet maker, Dec, a Siffmore Broadfield, and Richard Crofkey, Bafinghatl treet, merchants, January 4 Stainsby John, Cornhili, woollen draper, January 24 Speed George Blackman flie-t, Newington, ftabie keeper, December 14 Scott James Heury Alexander, Watling fire:t, wine mer- chant, January 4, Snal - Sloper Ayliner, Sritwel}-pricr, dealer, January 25 Schneider John Henry, Bow Jane, merchant, January 28 Sutherland James, Little Tower hill, brandy merchant, Dee cember 21 Smith John, Dufour’s place, Weftminiter, merchant, De« cember 17 Smith Robert, Timberland, grocer, January 4 Shenftone Juhn Michael, Portica, faleftnan, Pecemberig Sutherland James, Yurk ftreet, glazier, December 18 Stritlaud Thomes, and Swinton Coinurit Holland, Liver« pool, mercliants, December 17 Scarth William, Richmond, iron founder, December 18 Sutherland James, York fircet, St. Mary-le-bone, psiuter and glazier, December 14 Sutherlaud James, Little Tower hill, brandy merchant, December 34 Smee Jofiah, Newington-place, potter, December 3 Tinkler George and Rifk John, Wardour fireet, Dec. 32 Tyail Jofeph, Sittingbourne, fiopkeeper, December 3e Towell William, Camberwell, carpenter, January 12 Tabarc Benjamin, Bond ftreet, bookfeller, January 4 Taylor John, Worcetter, draper, December 3, nna} Tripp Henry, Briftul, tailor, December 24, final Tomlins William, Bridge road, coachmaket, January 18 Taylor Clement, Maidwone, paper manufacturer, Dec. 2x Turner Joho, Manchefter, dealer, December 1a Tunnicliff James, Lauucelton, linen drapery Dec, 26, final Urquhart William, Ratcliffe crofa, cooper, December 14 Valery Ifaac, artillery place, merchant, February 25 Vinun Thomas, Bush lane, Cannon (treet, merchant, Jam 1 Worlledge Robers, Great St. Helens, corn tactur, januaiy 30, final Wing William, Stamford, innkeeper, January 7 Warfon John, Liverpool, merchant, Jauuary at Wood Tiwmas, Manchelter, aud Jackion William, Bafing- wood, cotcun fpinners, December jo Wetton Chailes and Roberr, Foiter lane, warehoufemen, January 2: “i Winwoou Edward, atid Thodey Samuel, Poultry, glovers, January tq w n John, Liverpool, merchant, January a8 Warren “John, Sandys flreet, weaver, Leceimber 2g Wallis James, Patevnoltcr row, bookfelier, January ¢ Ward Thomas, Shiptoi-upon stour, haberdather, Dece 31 Woodward Verer, King flvcect, Cheaplide, Warchoulemany, March 15 Weightmaiw Thomas, Newgate ftreet, mercer, Dec. ar Way Eaward, Hevrictta (treet, St. Mary le-boney wings mercha, Decemoer ig Vevad Keury, Uptulrupon-severnu, carsicr, Dec. 30, final 4B2 STATE es hy aie: a - * (Jan. 1. STATE or PUBLIC AFFAIRS, In December, 1805. —— A Rye miffion of Haugwitz from the King of Pruffia, to which we re- ferred in cur laft report of the State of ‘Public Affairs, feems to have made but little impreffion on the viétorious Bona- parte ; who, ‘whatever may have been his public profeffions, appears to ‘have been determined to humble, or if poffible to cruth, the houfe of Auftria. With this view, after the capture of Ulm, he ruthed forward, neither intimidated by the im- mente body of Ruffians colle@ting in Hun- gary and Wallachia, nor by the levy ex maf throughout the Auftrian dominions. He refufed to lay afide his projects on ac- count of the hoftile menaces of Proffia, or of her propofitions for pacific arrange- ment. On the 2d of November Prince Murat left Rhied ; and after feveral {kirmifhes with fome bodies of the Auftrians and Ruflians, forced them to Lambach. Al- moft at the fame time another divifion of the French army took poffeffion of that town : while a third divifion, under Mar- fhal d’Avouft, keeping their great object, Vienna, in’ view, advanced beyond Lam- ‘bach to Steyer. Marfhal Soult being now at Wells; Lafnes near Lentz; and Ge- neral Marmont on his march for the pur- pofe of turning the Auftrian pofition on the banks of the Enns; while d’Avoutt »puthed his fore-poft near to Sleyer ; and the Auftrians, fearful of being turned by Marmont, relinquithed their pofition on “the Enns, and quitted their pofts in every part of the country. A part of the army endeavoured ‘to efcape by the road to Carinthia, but were cut off by Kelici- man. As foon as Prince Murat had made Lambach fecure, he marched to and took pollefiion of Lintz, where he found feveral hundred thoufand florins, befides every thing that was neceflary to recruit his ‘-army-ttores of all forts, which the Au(- _ trians, in the precipitation of their retreat, had neglected to deftroy. The French » Emperor fixed his head-quarters at Lam- bach on the 3d of November. And on the sth General Duroi, at the head of a body of Bavarians, fell in at the Lovers with the advanced guard of a column of five Avtrian regiments coming from Italy, completely defeated it, and to k 400 pri- foners, and fome cannon. Atthe Enns alfo the French were vi&torious. Thus did ‘they advance, almoft without refift- ance, till they arrived at St. Polten, ~within'a few leagues of Vienna; when‘a deputation of the three upper States, ten of the burgeffes, and two councillors from the magiftracy, repaired by permiffion from the Emperor to the French camp, to open to the commander the intentions of his Majefty the Emperor of Auftria, that, withing to preferve the inhabitants of the capital from the terror of a defence, he would deliver up Vienna to the Em- peror of the French, fully relying on his juftice and generofity. Arrangements were immediately made for the accommo- dation of the French troops, and for the maintenance of tranquillity. Some days’ previoufly to this, viz. on the 7th of November the Emperor of Auftria fet out for Prefbourg, on his way to Olmutz ; he had declared he would put himfelf at the head of his troops, and he nominated General Schmidt as Adjutant General, He was to have flept at Schol- fhof, after Jeaving Prefburg, where it was thought he would wait the return of Count Giulay, who was to bring him the determination of the Emperor of the French, The Emprefs fet out for Olmutz in the night between the 7th and 8th, with the elder princefs and her phyfician. On the z9th of Oétober, government determined to put all the veffels upon the Danube in a ftate of requifition, to tran{- port the effeéts belonging to the court and the different chahceries ; and the boatmen were ordered not to take any thing in charge from private individuals; but on the 7th of November, it was announced that his Majefty had appropriated one veflel for the tranfport of valuables be- longing to private perfons ; that proper officers were eppointed to give receipts for what might be confided to their charge ; that fuch depofits fhould be tranfinitted to a place of fafety, and faithfully returned to the owners, when the danger had fub- fided ; and that his Majefty would be an- ~fwerable for every thing not depending upon the elements. On the roth, orders were iffued for difcharging all the boats, &c. upon the Danube, which took place accordingly. Much precaution was ufed in faving all the carriages belonging to the court; as to the library, only the moft valuable books were packed up; but trom the gallery of paintings, the moft precious pieces were removed 3 on the other hand, net 1806.] not a fheet has been left behind of all the documents relative to the war. Count Giulay, difpatched on the 7th to the Emperor Napoleon, to propofe an armiftice, received. for anfwer, that his Majelty, being at the head of two hun- dred thoufand men, was not in a fituation to treat with a flying army : he, however, gave Count Giulay a letter for the Em- peror of Auftria. Returning from the head quarters, near St. Hippolite, where it, was expected the Aufirians would have made a ftand, Count Giulay met the deputation of the ftates of Auftria, going from Vienna to the Emperor Napoleon, to folicit leave for a capitulation. Prince Amfberg, commandant of the guards at the palace, was appointed com- mandant of the city of Vienna adzzterim ; and Prince Joho of Leichtenftein, com- mandant of the referve in Aultria and Bohemia, then ftationed upon the left fhore of the Danube; Count Corius, vice- prefident of the mines and mint, was ap- pointed commiffary-general, having for adjutants the deputies of ftate, and the aulic counfellors, Count Korinfky and Baron Killmanfegg. The Emperor au- thorifed the magiltrates of Vienna to cir- culate paper tothe amount of a million of florins, in bills of r2 and 24 francs, to be called in after the war. When the Emperor of Auftria fet out for Olmutz on the 7th, he caufed his de- parture to be announced to the diplomatic corps, and invited them to follow him, as horfes were provided for their journey, and lodgings, as commodious as poflible, were to be fitted for their reception at Ol- mutz. When Count Cobentzel notified the Em- peror’s departure to the Minifters of Badea and Wurtemberg, he informed them that all official communications having cealed, they might receive their paflports when- ever they chofe to demand them. The Minifter of Sardinia, impatient of his Majelty’s delay in changing his refi- dence, had demanded paflports for Hun- gary on the 6th; but when he received the invitation of his Majelty, by a note, to follow him to Olmutz, he availed him- felf of the opportunity. On the 8th, the Emperor granted an extraordinary vacation of three months to the aulic council of the empire; and the chancery of flate has been transferred to Imutz.—The Aaftrian council of ftate ‘Ge diflolved, and M. de Stahl is the only member that has followed his Majetty, He travelled with the cabinet minifter. State of Public Affairs in December, 1805. 563° After the deputation from Vienna had conferred with Prince Murat, a confider- able corps of French troops approached Vienna, and were quartered in places near the capital, which had been previoufly agreed upon ;.on the 14th Prince Murat, on his arrival before Vienna, took up his head quarters at the country palace ef Prince Lichtenftein, while Napoleon re. mained at Bukerfdorf, a poft ftationed about two miles diftant from Vienna. The Emperor of Auftria went from Vienna to Brunn, in his road to Olmutz. At Brunn he learnt the refult of Count Giulay’s miffion, which was that the French Emperor was willing to grant an armiftice, on condition that the Tyrol, Venice, and the ftrong poits ¢f Germany, were put into his poffeflion. Upon thefe terms, an armiftice was equal toa furren- der of the Auftrian ftates and crown at difcretion ; the Emperor, therefore, drop. ped his folicitation, and publifhed a ma- nifefto to his people, in which he declares his refolution not to makea feparate peace, but, relying upon the pledged affiftance of Roffia and Pruffia, to purfue his fortune to the utmoft, and not to fubmit to France bot in an extremity in which it fhould be impoffible to refift. This noble declaration, which we fhall infert, infufed new hopes into the confe- derates, and notwithitanding Vienna was gone, they Icoked forward to Bohemia and Hungary, as furnifhing inexhaufible refources of loyalty and fidelity to colleé& troops around their prince in the hour of danger, Declaration of the Emperor France. Brunn, Nov. 13.—By fpecial order of his Majelty the Emperor and King, whe has for fome days honoured our town with his prefeuce, the following notice has been publifhed by the Refident of Police, the Baron Von Summerew :-~ Proclamation. s¢ His Majefty the Emperor and King had nevera higher with than the maintenance of peace. This wifh lay in the principles of his government, as well as inhis heart. With- out any, even the moft diftant projeét of en- ‘ larging his ftates, or of procuring an indem- nification for the facrifices he had made at Luneville and Ratifbon to the tranquillity of Europe, he defired nothing but that the Ermn- peror of France, aétuated by a fimilar (pitie of enlightened and humane policy, fhould return within the limits prefcribed by the treaty of Luneville. Whoever with a clear underftanding took an intereft in the fate of Europe felt the juftice and the moderation of this defire, “” «6 True 566 ¢ True to his principles, his Majefty, in the progrefs of the prefent war, was ready every moment to hold out his hand to peace, and amid the moft brilliant victories, he would have thought and aéted in the fame way as under the influence of contrary occurrences. _ © His Majefty belived that the great and happy moment of this reconciliation, and of returning happinefs to his people, was not far diftant, when the Emperor of France, on feveral occafions, publicly manifefted corref- ponding difpofitions, and exprefied himfelf _ with precifion in the fame fpirit to Auftrian general officers, whom the fortune of war had made his prifoners, *¢ Full of confidence in fuch manifefta- tions, and animated by an earneft wifi to avert the approaching danger from the capital of Vienna, fo dear to his heart, and, in ge- neral, to free his good and faithful fubjefts from the preffure of a longer war, his Ma- jefly fent his Lieutenant Field Marthal, the Count de Guilay, to the head-quarters of the French Emperor, in the name of himfelf and his allies, to obtain a confirmation of thefe pacific difpofitions, to learn the further overtures which the Emperor Napoleon might make on this occafion, and to treat for an armiftice as preparatory to negociations for a general peace. s* But the hopés of his Majefty were not fulfilled. As the bafis of an armiftice, li- mited to a few weeks, the Emperor of France demanded—-That the allied troops fhould return home; that the Hungarian levies fhould be difbanded; and that the duchy of Venice and the Tyrol fhould be previoufly evacuated to the French armies, ** All Europe will feel the inconfiftency between fuch demands, and the foregoing manifeftations of the Emperor. His Majefty the Emperor and King had, by this firft ftep, fulfilled a facred duty which his heart had dictated. ‘© But he fhould have thought himfelf grievoufly injuring himfelf, the honour of his monarch, the dignity of his houfe, the yeputation of the good and great nation over which he rules, and the higheft interefts of the ftstes, in the eyes both of the prefent and future generations, if, notwithftanding the duty incumbent on him to preferve all thefe entire, he had yielded to the fevere, but pafling, preffure of the moment, and aflented to conditions which would have been a death-blow ta his monarchy, and a breach of the relations in which he ftood with all friendly ftates. «6 His Majefty withed for peace-—he withes for it fill, with fincerity and earneftnefs. But he never could, and never will, place WKimfelf in a defencelefs ftate, where he and his people would be delivered over to the imperious and arbitrary decifions of a migity foe. «© In fuch circumftances, nothing remains to his Majefty, but te cleave to thofe greay State of Publie Affairs in December, 1805. [Jans 13 and unexhaufted refources which he finds ir the hearts, in the profperity, in the loyalty, in the ffrength of his people 3 and in the as yet undiminifhed force of his high allies and friends, the Emperor of Ruflia, and the King of Pruflis, and to perffft in this firm and intimate conneion till the Emperor of the Frerich, with that mederation which is the brighteft gem: in the crown of a great monarch, confents to conditions of peace which are not purchafed by a fa¢rifice of the national honour and independence of a mighty itate.” f Onthe r2th the Fronch entered Vienna, with 20,000 men in the fuburbs, and about sooo in the city. Confiderable requifitions were of courfe demanded ; and the Hungarian magnats who refided at Vienna, but who had left the places were ordered to repair thither immediately, on pain of having their property confif- cated. The Emperor Francis on the 16th left Brunn for Olmutz. The French under Prince Murat en- tered Brunn on the 18th of November: here they found fixty pieces of cannon, immen(e quantities of ammunition, and whatever elfe was neceflary for recruiting the army. From this time to the 2d in- ftant, we have accounts of various partial fkirmifhes ; and on that day was fought a grand battle in the plains of Moravia, between Brunn and Olmutz: for the re- fult of this engagement, and of fome others on the 3d, 4th, and 5th, we have waited till thisday (26th), but nothing certain being yet known to the public, we are under the neceflity of referving the details for our next number. As the following treaty may in the courfe of the war be produdlive of fome important confequences, we give it a place here as a ftate paper to be referred to. Treaty between France and Naples. «¢ His Majefty the King of the Two Si- cilies and his Majelty the Emperor of the French and King of Italy, withing to pre- vent, by the relations of amity which unite them, their ftates from being compromifed by the events of a war, whofe evils it is their wiflrto diminifh, by reftri€ting, as much as is in them, the theatre of prefent hofti- lities, have named for their plenipotentiaries —his Majefty the King of the Two Sicilies, his Excellency the ‘Marquis de Gallo, his ambafiador at Paris, both to the Emperor of the French and the King of Italy; and his Majefty the Emperor his Excellency C. M. Talleyrand, minifter for foreign affairs, who, atter having exchanged their full powers, have confented /ub [pera to what follows : 66 Art. J, His Majefty the King of the Ks Twa 3606. ] Two Sicilies promifes to remain neutral dur- ing the courfe of the prefent war between France on the one part, and England, Auf- tria, Ruffia, and all the belligerent powers on the other part.—He engages to repulfe by force, and by the employment of all his means, cae attempt made upon the rights and duties of neutrality. ‘€ II. In confequence of that engagement, his Majefty the King of the Two Sicilies will not permit any body of troops belong- ipg to any belligerent power to land or pene- trate upon any part of his territory, and en- gages to ebferve both by fea and land, and in the police of his ports, the principles and laws of the ftri€teft neutrality. «¢ JII, Moreover, his Majefty engages not to confide the command of his armies and places to any Ruffian officer, Auftrian, or other belonging to other belligerent powers, The French emigrants are included in the fame exclufion. . ' © TV, His Majetty the King of the Two Sicilies engages not to permit any fquadron beionging to the belligerent powers to enter his ports: ~ ‘ “¢ VY. His Majety the Emperor of the French, confiding in the engagements and promifes herein expreffed, confents to order the sale of the kingdom of Naples by his troops. Thisevacuation fhall be entirely completed within a month after the ratifica- tions fhall have been exchanged ; at the fame time the military places and pofts fhall be de- livered up to the officers of his Majefty the King of the Two Sicilies in the ftate in which they were found ; and it is agreed that in the month occupied by thefe operations the French army hall be maintained aad treated as it had been previoufly. *¢ His Majefty the Emperor of the French further engages to recognize the neutrality of the kingdom of the Two Sicilies as well by Jand as by fea, dyring the exiftence of the prefent war. “© The ratifications of the prefent treaty fpall be exchanged as {peedily as poflible. 6 Done at Paris, the 21ft Sept. 1305. (Signed) The Marquis de Gatto. Cu. Maur. TALLEYRAD, *¢ Ratified at Portici, the 8th O&. 1805. (Signed) Ferpinanp. (And lower) Tommasso Ferras.” We turn now to the war carried on in Italy. In our laft we notice the furrender of Montebello to the French arms; from this place, affer a few hours reft only, they proceeded to Vicenza, which, after fome refiftance, fell alfo into their hands, with 1500 prifoners, the greater part of whom had been previoufly wounded, The Asuftrians retreated by the road of Baflaro and Trevifo. At the village of St. Pierre, in Gu, another aftion was fought, in which the Auftrians were again de. feated; and from thence the’ victors State of Public Affairs in December, 1805. 507 marched towards the Brenta. Since then it was evidently the intention of the Aut- trians to evacwate the country ; and the French bulletins from the army of Italy fhew that Maffena has gained little or no advantage over the Archduke: His head quarters, according to the feventh bulle- tin, were at Gortz on the 17th of No« vember, and on the 26th he had not moved them. Maflena was evidently afraid of advancing while the corps in the Tyrol were in his rear, and with thefe alone has he been engaged during that time: and although he has at length got the better of them, the Archduke muft have been enabled to profecute his retreat unmolefted, or at leat feebly oppofed by Marmont. Having effected his junétion with Ney and Marmont, Maffena will advance into the Auftrian ftates, on the road to Vienna. He has left General St. Cyr to obferve Venice, while a part of the army has occupied Triefte. The Roffians, therefor:, cannot now land, with any profpect of making a fuccefsful diverfion, In addition to what we cave in the laft number refpeéting the action on the 21/¢ of OStober, we infert the following from the Extraordinary Gazette of November 27, 1805 3 which, while it proves the vic- tory on the part of the Britifh the mok complete, exhibits the charagter of Ad- mira! Lord Collingwood in a moft pleafinge point of view. Admiralty Office, Now. 27, 1805, Copy of a letter received laft night by the Hon. Captain Blackwood, from Vice Ad- miral Lord Collingwood, Commander in Chief of his Majefty’s thips and veffels in the Mediterranean, to William Marien, Efq. dated on board his Majefty’s thip the Queen, off Cape Trafalgar, November 4, 1804, SIR, On the 28th ult. I informed. you of the procgedings of the fquadron to that time. The weather continuing very bad, the wind blowing from the S. W. the fquadron not in a fituation of fafety, and feeing little prof- pect of getting the captured hips off the land, and greatrifk of fome of them getting into port, I determined no longer to delay the deftroying them, and to get the fquadron out of the deep bay. The extraordinary exertions of Captain Capel, however, faved the French Swiftfure 5 and his fhip the Phebe, together with the Donegal, Capt. Malcolm, afterwards brought out the Bahama. ‘Indeed, nothing can exe ceed the perfeverance of all the officers em. ployed inthis fervice. Captain Hope rigged, and fucceeded in bringing out the tldetonfo, all of which I hope have arrived fafe at Gibraltar, For the reft, Sir, 1 inclofe you a , the 568 lift of ali the enemy’s fleet which. were in the a&tion, and how they are difpofed of, which I believe, is perfectly correét. T informed you in my letter of the 28th, that the remnant of the enemy’s fleet came outa fecond time to endeavour, in the bad weather, tocut off fome of the hulks, when the Rayo was difmafted, and fell into our hands ;_ the afterwards parted her cable, went on fhore, and was wrecked.. The Indomp- table, one of the fame, fquadron, was alfo driven on fhore, wrecked, and her crew pe- rifhed, The Santa Anaand Algeziras being driven near the fhore of Cadiz, got fuch affiftance as has enabled them to get in; but the ruin of their fleet is as complete as could be ex- pected, under the circumftances of fighting them clofe to their own fhore. Had the bat- tle been on the ocean, fiill fewer would have efcaped. Twenty fail of the line are taken or deftroyed; and of thofe which got in not ‘ more than three are in a repairable ftate for a length of time. Rear- Admiral Louis, in the Canopus, who had been detached with the Queen, Spencer, and Tigre, to complete the water, &c. of thefe fhips,.and to fee the convoy in fafety a certain diftance up the Mediterranean, joined me on the 3oth. ' In clearing the captured thips of prifoners, Tfound fo many wounded men, that to alle- viate human mifery as much as was in my power, I fent to the Marquis de Solana, Go- wernor-General of Andalufia, to offer him the wounded to the care of their country, ©n receipts being given: a propofal which was received with the greateft thankfulnefs, not anly by the governor, but the whole country refounds with expreflions of grati- tude. Two French frigates were fent out to receive them, with a proper officer to give receipts, bringing with them all the Englith who had been wrecked in feyeral of the thips, and an cffer from the Marquis de Solana of the ofe of their hofpitals for our wounded, pledging the honour of Spain for their being carefully attended. I have ordered moft of the Spanifh pri- foners to be releafed; the officers on parole ; the men for receipts given, and a condition that they do-not ferve in war, by fea or land, until exchanged. _ By my correfpondence- with the Marquis, i found that Vice-Admiral’ D’Alava was not dead; but dangeroufly wounded, and I’ wrote to him a letter claiming him asa prifoner of war: a copy of which f enclofe, together with a-ftate of the flag officers of the com- bined fleet. Tam, &c. C. CortinGwoop. Here follows a lift of the combined fleets of France and Spain, in the ation of the 21ft of O&tober, confifting of 33 gail of the line, fhowing in what manner State.of Public Affairs in December, 1805. e [Jan. 1, each was. difpofed of. It will be fufi- cient for our readers if we give the fol- Jowing ABSTRACT. - At Gibraltar - - - 4 Deitroyed - - - 16 In Cadiz, wrecks 6 In Cadiz, ferviceable 3 9 } Efcaped to Southward - 4 Total - - 33 Ad Lift of the Names and Rank of ‘the Flag Officers of the Combined Fleet of France and Spain, in the aétion of the 21/? of O&eber, 1805. Admiral Villeneuve, Commander in Chief, Bucentaur—Taken. Admiral Don Frederico Gravina; Principe d’ Afturias—-Efcaped in Cadiz, wounded in the arm. Vice-Admiral Don Ignatio Maria D’Alava; Santa Ana—Wounded feverely in the head, taken, but was driven into Cadiz in the Santa Ana, Rear-Admiral Don Baltazar Hidalgo Cifneros3 Santiffima Trinidad—-Taken. Rear-Admiral Magon; Algefiras—Killed. Rear-Admiral Dumanoir ; Formidable—Ef- caped, Euryalus, off Cadiz, ‘My Lorn MArquis, O&. 27, 1805. A great number of Spanith fubjeéts having been wounded in the late action between the Britifh and the combined fleets of Spain and France, on the 21ft inftant, humanity and my defiye to alleviate. the fufferings of thefe wounded men, diétate to me to offer to your Excellency their enlargement, that they may be taken proper care of in the hofpitals on fhore, provided’ your Excellency will fend boats to convey them, with a proper officer to give receipts for the number, and acknow- ledge them: in. your Excellency’s anfwer to this letter to be prifoners of war, to be ex- changed before they ferve again. I beg to affure your Excellency of my high confideration, and that ] am, é&c. (Signed) CC, CottrnGwoop. To his Excellency the Marquis de Solana, Captain-General of Andalufiz, Gover= nor, Ge. Gc. Cadiz. ~ Conditions on which the Spanifh wounded Pri- Jomrs were releafed, and Jent om fbore to the Hojpital, iL: I Guillemre Valverde, having been autho- rifed and empowered by the Marquis de So- lana, Governor-General of Andalufia and of Cadiz, to receive from:the Englifh fquad- ron the wounded prifoners, and fuch perfons as may be neceflary, to their carey which re= leafe and enlargement of the wounded, &c. is agreed to, on the part of the Commander in Chief of the Britifh fquadron, on the po- fitive condition, that none of the faid pri- . ~~ feners 1806.] foners fhall be employed again in any public fervice of the crown of Spain, either by fea or land, until they are regularly exchanged. Signed on boaed his Britannic Majefty’s thip the Euryalus, at fea, the 2oth Odt. 180s. (Signed) Gui. De Varverve; Edecan de S, E. Euryalus, off Cadiz, Sir, OG. 30, 1805. Ttis with great pleafure that I have heard the wound you received in the attion is ina hopeful way of recovery, and that your coun- try may ftill have the benefit of your fucure fervice. \ But, Sir, you furrendered yourfelf to me, and it was in confideration only of the ftate of your wound, that you were not removed into my thip. I could not difturb the repofe ,of a man fuppofed to be in his laft moments ; Marriages and Deaths in and near London. 569 but your fword, the emblem of yaur fervice, was delivered to me by your captain, and J expect that you confider yourfelf a prifoner of war until you be regularly exchanged oy cartel. I have the honour to be, &c. C. Cortincwoop. To Vice- Admiral Don Ignatio Maria d’ Alava. Sent under cover to Ad- miral Gravina, We have not taken any notice of the expeditions fent from this country to the continent, 4s we fhall hereafter give a particular detail on the fubje&t, when the object and deftination of our brave troops are more diftingtly known. Lord Cath- cart is appointed to the command of the Britith troops on the continent. INCIDENTS, MARRIAGES ano DEATHS 1n ana NEAR LONDON, ‘ith Biographical Memoirs of diflinguifbed Charafers recenily deceafed.. MARRIED. AT Chifwick, Charles Thompfon, efq. of Hull, youngeft fon of Henry T. efg. of Kir- by-hall, Yorkfhire, to Mifs Jane Turton, fourth daughter of John T. ef. of Ruffell- {quare, G. H. Bellafis, efy. eldeft fon of General B. of Bombay, to Mifs Charlotte Maude, youngeft daughter of Jofeph M. efq. of Ken- dal. T.Sheridan, efq. only fon of R. B. Sheri- dan, efq. to Miis Callender, daughter of Sir John C. bart. of Prefton-houfe Hall, near Edinburgh. Mr. Bourke, of Brook-ftreet, Holborn, to Mifs Delapierre, only daughter of Francis D. efq. At Weftminfer, Mr. B. W. Hifcock, of Stroud Green, Newbury,.to Mrs. Shaw, relié&t of the late Peter S. efq. regifter general of his Majefty’s thipping. R. M. Onflow, efg. only fon of Sir Rich- ard O. bart. admiral of the red, to Mifs Seton, eldeft daughter of the late David S. efq. lieu- tenant-governor of Surat. C. Bacon, efqg. to Mifs Crocker, eldeit daughter of Edward C. efq. of Greenwich Park. J. Stackhoufe, efq. of Cloak-lane, to Mifs Rahhleigh, daughter pf Thomas R. efq. of Lamb’s Conduit-ftrect. H. Ellis, efg. of the Britifh Mufeum, to Mifs E. Froft. At Tenterden, Kent, Mr. Cape, of Lom- bard-street, to Mifs Mary Anne Knight, daughter of Robt. K. efq. of Kent Road, W. Davies, ¢fq. of Penylan Park, to Mifs Seymour, ehdeft daughter of Lord R. Sey- sour. Lord Vifcount Hereford, to Mifs Cornewall, daughter of Sir George C. bart. Mon tury Maa, No. 137. At Hackney, Richard Pamphilion, efq. of Kingfland, to Mrs. Cooper, widow of Tho- mas C. efq. of Kingfland Place. George Reid, efq. eldeft fon of George R. efq. of Watlington Hall, Norfolk, to Mifs Louifa Oakely, fourth daughter of Sir Charles O. bart. : C. Harrifon, efq. of Sutton Houfe, Suffex, to Mifs Evanfon. DIED. Mrs. Kirkman, wife of P, Kirkman, efq.’ of Finfbury Square, ! Mr. Frere, upwards of 25 years coachman to his Majefty ; and on the fame day, fud- denly, at his apartments in the King’s Mews, Mr. W. Porter, head poftillion to the King. It is extraordinary that both thefe perfons were eftablifhed in the fame day in his Ma- jefty’s fervice, and expired within afew hours of each other. . At Pinner, Mrs. I. Chalfont, fecond daugh- etr of the Rey. Dr. Hornfby, profedlor of aftronomy in Oxford thiverfity. In Duke-ftreet, Manchetter-fquare, R. Firmin, efq. formerly of Ipfwich, ; in Freeman’s-court, Cornhill, FJ. Olding, efg. banker. ie At her houfe in Welbeck-ftreet, in an advanced age, Mrs. Faulkner, widow of Cap- tain F. who commanded the Bellona in the memorable aétion with the Courageux; and mother to the heroic Captain F. who gained immortal honour at Martinico during the late war, and fell in the hour of viétery while engaging the French frigate La Pique. In Gower ftreet, F. H. Barker, efy. 32. In Oxford-ttreet, F. Bouttall, efq. In Cleveland court, St. James’s place, G. F, Williams, efq. fon of the celebrated law- yer Peere W. efg. and great uncle to the Ear! of Guilford, 87. 4C As 570 At Chifwick, Mrs. Trebeck, wife of the Rev. Mr.T. | At Chelfea, Mr. H. S. Waodfail, many years printer of a party Newfpaper, called the Public Advertifer, in which firft appeared the celebrated letters of Junius, with the author of which he had however no perfonal knowledge, and relative to whom he was con- fequently unable to give any intelligible or confiftent account, In Pall Mall, the Ret. Dr. Whitmore, late fellow of St. John’s College, Cambridge, and reétor of Lawford, Effex. At Peterhorough Houfe, Fulham, Joln Deyrick, efq- At Box Moor, aged 70, Mr. formerly a celebrated bookfeller ot Piccadilly, the author of the Life of Lord Chatham, of Anecdotes, Biographical and Hiftorical, of the Life of Wilkes, and of feveral Pamphlets of great celebrity in their day, particular account of Mr. Almon will be given in our next Number, Mr. Samuel Marriott, one of the bridge- maiters of the city of London. _ At her houfe in Manchefter-ftreet, Man- chefter-fquare, the hon Lady Charlotte Hornby, only daughter of the Earl of Derby, by Lady Elizabeth Hamilton, daughter of James, the fixth duke of Hamilton and Brandon, and wife of Edmund H. efgq. At Paddington, Robert D’Oyley Bignell, efq. of Litchborough, Northamptonhhire. ' At his houfe in Bedford-fquare, in his 6gth year, Thomas Smith, efq. late of Grove- houfe, Tottenham. He was a gentleman of real integrity of chara€ter and benevolence of heart, accompanied with modeft and unaf- fuming manners. Though in the poffeflion of an ample fortune, he wifely preferred the rational amufemeats and ftriking comforts of retirement tothe tumult, fplendour, and dif- fipation of a great city. Mr, S. was remark- able for equanimity and gentlerefs of difpo- fition, which the path he chofe was well calculated to preferve. Though hofpitable in the extreme, he was himfe!f a rigid ob- ferver of temperance and regularity, which he knew were highly conducive beth to the happinefs and extenfion of life. His name was Duck, but he took that of Smith for a fortune which was icft to htm. His remains were Interred (vith thofe of his wife, 1502, and two children, a fon, 1792, and a daugh- ter, 1795) in the family-vault or the Lords Coleraine, and other lords of the manor of Tottenham, under the veitry of that church, where are now twenty-four coffins, of which about half belong to that noble family (in- Cluding Alderman ‘lownfend and his wite, their reprefentative). Mr. Smith had laft fummer fold this manor to Alderman Sir Wil- liam Curtis. At his honfe in Store-ftreet, Bedford-fquare, ‘Wr. King, the comedian. He was born in 1730. His father was a_ refpe€table tradefman in Wettminfter, who gave him os phe of the late Mr. King. Feobn Almon, [Jan. 1, a good education, but had intended to bring up his fon to his owa calling. Tom King, however, very early in life, difplayed a fpi- rit much above the drudgery of the fhop, and as there was no chance of his rifing to diftinétion in real life, he direéted his ambition towards elevation in the mimic world of a theatre. He joined fome provin- cial company long before he had attained his twentieth year, and experienced all the vi- ciffitudes that ufually attend the life of a firolling ator. He once walked from Bea- consfield to London and back again the fame day, for the purpofe of raifing a {mall fum to purchafe what are technically called pro- perties, eflential to his appearance at night in the chara€ter of Richard the Third. The profit of his exertions in this arduous part was three-pence half-penny, and fome ends of candle. —The latter he offered as a tribute of gal- lantry tofome green-room goddefs of whom he was at that time emamoured. He conti- nued to wear the fock and bufkin as the ne- ceffities of the various companies to which he belonged for many years might require, and his attachment to tragic charatters, for which he was wholly unfit, long prevented his ta- lents from rifing to that diftin@tion which he afterwards acquired, and fo defervedly con- tinued to poffefs on the London ftage. He firft, however, rofe to-fame in Dublin, where he had fenfe enough to difcover the real bent of his genius ; and on his fecond engagement upon the Lendon boards, appeared in charace ters calculated te give full {cope to his merit, The churlifh feverity of Churchill could not deny that he diftinguifhed himfelf in Brass, by which the poet did not merely intend to particularize the part in The Confederacy, but all parts that required an active intrepid fpirit. In bucks, impudent eervants, fops, and all brifk and airy charaéters, he was long without any fuperior on the ftage excepting Woodward, who drew more deeply from the ftores of human nature, and was much fu- perior in reprefenting what Johnfon calls “the furface of manners.” The charaéter, however, that confirmed the reputation of King was Lord Ogleby, which was chiefly inftrumental in giving popularity to one of the beft written modern comedies of the Englith ftage. Woodward ventured to try this chara¢ter after him, but could not wreft the palm from King in the opinion of the public, though many excellent judges of the time faid that Woodward difplayed more of the real ofd nobleman than his more popular predeceflor, It is by no means neceffary to. enter into a detail of King’s merits as an actor, fince they are fo well known to the world at large. Jt may, however, be faid, that in dry farcaftic humour no man could do nore jultice to his author. He was acquainted with human life, and always founded his acting upon what he faw of original characters. When he had once determined upon the man- ner in which he fhould perform a part, he : hardly 1806.] hardly ever deviated in the flighteft degree from his original reprefentation of it. Every look and every thrug were the fame: hence, though his judgment and precifion were ad- mired, a luxuriance and variety were want- ing which might have rendered inferior ta- lents more pleafing. In private life he was intelligent, entertaining, and refpe@table. He had an inexhauftible {tore of anecdotes, not merely of the theatrical kind, and he was always willing to relate them, upon the flighteit intimation, for the gratification of his friends, though he never vainly or im- portunately forced them into notice. He patticularly excelled in ftory-telling, and gave a lively perception of every chara¢ter he introduced by his powers of mimicry. | His fate holds out a melancholy warning to all who engage in his precarious profeffion. The fair profits of his induftry and talents, fupported by very refpeCtable and extenfive connections, would always have enab!ed him to maintain a good figure in life; but unhap- pily an unfortunate devotion to the gaming- table marred all his fair profpe€ts. After a very fuccefsful night at play, he once haltily returned home, and in the mo folemn man- nerexpreffed his determination never to plunge into the ruinous vortex of gaming any more. He kept his aefolution for many years, and was able to fupport a houfe in town, another at Hampton, and to enjoy the convenience of a carriage, as well as the power of receiving a numerous train of friends with a liberal hofpitality. But, alas! ina fatal moment he ventured to the gaming-table again, and in one night loft all chat he had been faving for many years ; not however without a futpi- cion that his fuccefsful competitor had profited by other means as well as thofe of fkill and the favour of fortune. From that period King’s life has been clouded by embarraff- ments, and though age and infirmity induced him to retire from the ftage, his fituation demanded a continuance of his profefliunal labour. Mr. King married many years ago a lady who belonged to Drury-lane theatre, and who has uniformly aéted the part of an affectionate wife anda good woman. At Upper Homerton, in his s51ft year, Paul Le Mefurier, e(q. alderman of London, teprefentatiye in two parliaments for the bo- tough of Southwark, a direétor of the Eaft India Company, and Colonel of the Honour- able Artillery Company.—Mr. Le M,*was the defcendant of a family fettled during feveral centuries in the ifland of Guernfey ; in the elder branches of which has been long veited the government (by patent) of the ifland of Alderney, which is the only re- maining one of itskind. ‘The alderman was born in Guernfey on Feb, 23, 1755, being the third fon of John Le Meturier, efy. the kovernor of Alderney. He receiveda liberal education in England, in part at the long- founded Salifbury feminary, and when of Proper age was placed for commercial tutorage Account of the late Paul Le Mefurier, Ejq. 571 with Noah Lecras, efq. then a principal mer- chant in the Guernfey and ferfey trade, re- fiding in Walbrook, London, in the year 1776, Mr. Le M. married Mifs Mary Rober- dean, of Homerton, near London, of a very ancient and refpectable French proteitant &- mily. Mifs R. was a niece of Mr. Le Gras before-mentioned ; and which union was farther cemented by a commercial junétion between the parties. In the memorable American war, which had juft then com- menced, the houfe of Le Cras and Le Me- furier were confpicuoufly fuccefsful, both as agents and as adventurers, in privateers which were fo numeroufly and advantageoufly fitted out by the fifter iflands of Guernfey, Jferfey, and Alderney. By thefe means Mr. Le Cras), at the clofe of the war, quitted bufinefs with a very ample fortune, and went to refide fuc- ceffively at Southampton and at Bath, where he died in 1801, aged 80. The fubje@ of our prejent narrative firtt expanded the ger- minating feeds of public fpirit, which have been fince fo eminently and honourably ma- tured, during the deplorable cummotions of an infatuated populace im the year 17$0 3 when he zealoufly affifted at the formation ot the firft and original, military foot affociation, fince confolidated into the Honourablé Artil- lery Company, and of which he was elected colonel in 1795. From this company he re- ceived various fub{tantial tokens of refpeét and acknowledgment of his important fer- vices ; an elegant fword withia fuitable i. {cription, and two very handfomne pieces of filver plate, having been voted him by the general court. ‘The fame innate love of order and firm principles of founded right, called forth his ative fervices in the caufe of the Eaft India Company, which in the year 1784 appeared to be threatened even to diffo- lution by the famous bill framed and brought forward by Mr. Fox, who then held the reins of adminiftration, by virtue of a coalition ever to be deplored by all difinterefted and unprejudiced admirers df this great {tatefman. Mr. Le Mefurier was one of the nine, who were delegated by the proprietors at large, as aftanding committee to watch over the com- pany’s chartered rights; and which office they fo well fulfilled, that to their indefo. tigable efforts in reports, elucidations, pre cedents, appeals, obfervations, &c. as well as by the united weapons of truth and fatire in the public prints, the indignant attention of the nation was fo aroufed to oppofe what was predicted to.be but a prelude to the in- vafion and overthrow of all other chartered and proteéted property, that notwichitanding the ufual attached and official majority with which the minifter carried this {weeping meature through the houfe of commons, it was f{piritedly rejected by the peers. ‘The confequences of this rejeétion, and the fatality thereby entailed upon all its fupporters and abettors, are tuo recent in memory to require fpecific repetition, At the enfuing parlia- 4C 2 mentary 572 mentary eleétion, the public indignation a- gainft the India bill, its-fupporters and ad- herents, appeared mof evident, by the rejec- tion of thirty-one old members who had been ative in carrying it through the houfe of commons, among whom was Sir Richard Hotham (fince known for the Bognor fpecu- lation), who was unfeated in Southwark by Sir Parnard Turner, then Sheriff of London, and Major of the Hon. Artillery Company. The accidental death of this laft gentleman, within two months after his ele€tion, again occafioning a vacancy, Mr. Le Mefurier was called forth to oppoile Sir R. Hotham’s re- newed pretenfions; upon which enfued one of the moft arduous contentions that even this oit-conficting borough had ever expe- rienced. After/’an expence of nearly 10.000/. to each candidate, by the ele€tion, petition, and committee-fcrutiny, Mr. Le Mefurier as left the victor by a majority of eleven votes. In his reprefentative capacity, his fuavity of manners, decorous demeanour, and unremitting local attention, fo endeared him to his conftituents, that at the next general election in 1790 he was again returned with- out oppofition, although not without expence ; ele&tion management being now too much im- proved to admit of fuch a folecifm. Mr. Le Mefurier’s fenatorial condué was a continu- ation of affiduous propriety and unvaried at- tention to his public ducies, where he ob- tained much notice, not as a chorus finger, taking time from the leader of the band, but as a man whofe unbiaffed vote always waited for the decifion of his own conviétion, or at Jeaft for his confcientious opinion; and from his almoft general adherence to the meafures of adminiftration, can only be deduced his fincere perluafion of their rectitude, pro- priety, or expediency. Upon the diffolution of parliament in 17 6, Mr. Le Mefurier’s with to procure more time for his commercial and private concerns, prevented him from engaging in the conteft which then took place for the borough of Southwark; and was a caufe of his retiring from the fituation which he had fo worthily filled during eleven years, in a crifis and concurrence of political events and fituations as trying as any upon hiftorical record. We have omitted in the order of time ‘the chronology of his civic honours. In 1784, upon the refignation of Alderman Hart, he was unanimoufly eleéted Alderman of Dowgate Ward, upon Mr. Skin- Mor (the prefent Alderman of Queenhithe) declining a conteft..where the habituated in- tercourfe of neighbourhood infured the fuc- cefs of Mr. Le Mefurier. In 1787 he ferved the expenfive office of fheriff of London and Middlefex 5 an office requiring an expenditure of between 2 and 3000/. In 1793 he was ele@ted lord mayor, before the ufual rotation wou}d have called him to that honour. In this exalted feat of magiftracy it was his lot to meet with continual calls upon his a@tivity, perfeverance, and refolution. The mult of “Aecount of the late Paul Le Mefurier, Efq. [Jan. 1, 10,000/, and the judicial cenfure incurred hy the hefitating chief magiftrate of the tumiul- tuary year 1780, will long remain in terrorem to his fucceffors! To avoid this Scy//a many have run upon the Charybdis of unneceffary afperity and unfeeling defpotifm. Mr. Le Mefurier’s judgment afd philanthropy were his prefervatives from either extreme; for, in the courfe of that arduous feafon, when *© The Rights of Man” were fpreading their baneful principles, he had the wifdom to fteer the middle courfe, infomuchthat a mifs take, committed in a moment of ferious and of founded alarm, when the peace of the city was in fome danger, only added another laurel to his civic crown. We allude to a verbal committal to the Poultry Counter ; the ap- peal for which to a judicial tribunal obtained the nominal damages of one farthing, and procured Mr. Le Mefurier the thanks and ap- probation of Lord Chief Juftice Kenyon, During his mayoralty alarming riotous at- tacks were made on crimping houfes, he called out the Honourable Artillery Company, and reftored peace in every part ; and, by a like attention, prevented riots at the time of the trials of Hardy, Tooke, and Thelwall. The feftivities of the Manfion-houfe (no fecon dary feature of a London mayoralty) were fplendid, frequent, and general. The di- rectors of the feveral chartered commercial companies. the body of civilians, the foreign proteftant clergy, in addition to the ufual corporation banquets and private parties, had each (with many others) a feparate convivium 5 and the mo& magnificent gala, with which the Oriental vitor, Lord Cornwallis, was en- tertained, upon being prefented with the freedom of the city, will long remain in me- mory as the triumph of luxurious elegance. Upon this occafion (which was of voluntary and private expence to the amount of 7cc/.) nearly twenty peers of the realm, five of whom were of the cabinet miniftry, honoured the entertainment with their prefence, in approbation of the lord mayor’s public con-. duét and fplendid munificencc, an occurrence which defies all precedent. In following Mr. Le Mefurier to the domeftic fhade of private life, it becomes the pleafing tafk of the bio- grapher to record a charaéter which neither malevolence, envy, nor party-{pirit, has ever been able to tarnifh. An indulgent and at- tentive hufband ; a kind and affe€tionate fa- on a warm, faithful, and benevolent relattve and friend, are but the faint outlines of the delineation of a portrait, the colouring of which can only be given by thofe who were in happy intercourfe with the original. It were fuperfluous to deicribe him with a hand ‘¢ open as day to melting charity 3” for few amid the beneficent inftitutions, which form the moft brilliant ornaments of our metropolis, can be found unfupported by his name and contribution. We have referved for the climax of this truly great and worthy public charaéter, his unequivocal and indif+ z putable 1806.] putable independence to an extent almoft un- parallelled ; it being an unimpeachable fac, that after a devotion of his time and fortune during twenty years to public fervice ; after the moft ative fupport of government in church and ftate; after difplaying, in the moft turbulent of political feafons, an ardent and inflexible zeal ror his fovereign, with a fervid adherence to the Britith conftitution ; neither title, place, penfion, or office of in- fluence or emolument, has ever been poffeffed or procured by him, either for himfelf, family, or friends: thereby well meriting the appli- cation of Butler’s oft-quoted diftich upon his own unreguited loyalty. ‘¢ True as the dial to the fun, Altho’ it be not /hin’d upon.” Mr. Le Mefurier was the third of five fons; the elder of whom, Peter Le Mefurier, efq., died ahout three years fince, governor of Alderney, in which patrimony he was fuc- ceeded by his eldeft fon, Major John Le Mefurier (of the 47th), whohas lately finally fold the patent government of the ifland to the crown for 20,000/. The fecond brother, Frederic, died fome years fince, captain of the Ponfborne Eaft Indiaman. The fourth bro- ther, the Rev. Thomas Le Mefurier, after having prattifed fome years at the bar, went into holy orders, and is now re¢tor of Neun- ton Longville, Bucks. The fifth and younger brother, Haviland Le Mefurier, efq wasina mercantile partnerfhp with the fubje@ of thefe memoirs, after having fucceffively filled with great ¢c/at and unimpeachable punétu- ality, the office of commiffary-general to the allied army, in their retreat trom the conti- nent aiter the difaftrous campaign of 17945 alfo that of commiffary-general of the fouth- ern diftri& of Eng'and, at the eftablifhment of home-depots and diftri&t magazines of provifion and forage in 1797; alfocommiffary- general to the Britifh army in Egypt, at the clofe of, and at their return from, their bril- liant and fuccefsful operations in that well- difputed country. Mr. Alderman Le Mefurier had two fifters, the elder of whom was the wife of Sir John Dumarefq, the chief law- officer of the ifland of Jerfey; the fecond w3s married to Richard Saumarez, efq. (a brother of Admiral Sir James Saumarez, K. B.) a gentleman well known inthe walks of literature and chirurgical fcience at New- ington, as was alfo his accomplifhed and much-lamented lady as a moft fuccefsful eflayift in poetry. and belles lettres. —Mr. Le Mefurier had a numerous family, of which one fun and three daughters are now furviv- ing. (Further particulars of Mr. Dogherty, whofe death is recorded at page 371 of this volume. —Mr. D. was one of thofe felf-taught ge- niufes that appear but feldom in any protef- fion. He was born in Ireland, as his name befpeaks, and received a flender education at a country fchool. He, like many others, came to this country inthe hope of bettering Mr, DoghertyRichard Hulfe, Eq. 578 his condition, without any particular prof- pect in view, and trufting entirely to chance. When he had more than reached the age of manhvuod, he became clerk to tbat profound lawyer the late Mr. Bower. He employed his extra hours, and often fat up whole nights, in acquiring a knowledge of {pecial pleading, and the law conneéted with that abftrufe fcience ; and fuch was his diligence that, in a comparatively fhort time, he accumulated a collection of precedents and notes that afto- nifhed his employer. He invented, for to him it was an invention, a common-place- book, on the planof Mr. Locke’s, which he often declared he-had not then feen. After having been many years with Mr. Bower, he, by the advice of that gentleman, com- menced fpecial pleader ; and his drafts, which were generally the work of his own hand, were allowed to be models of accuracy. They were formed according to the neat and con- cife fyftem of Mr. Bower, and his great friend and patron Sir Jofeph Yates, many of whote books, notes, and precedents, as well as thofe of Sir Thomas Davenport, Mr. Dog- herty poffeffed. His intenfe application greatly impaired his health, which was vifi- bly on the decline for many months before his deceafe. Mr. D. was the author and editor of fome valuable works on criminal law. ‘He publithed, 1790, a new edition of the Crown Circuit Companion, with very confiderable additions; and, #786, an origi- nal compofition, the Crown Circuit Affiftant, which is a moft ufeful fupplement to the for- mer. His common-place and office-books would, if publifhed, be an invaluable trea- fure (were it merely to ferve the purpose of an index), not only to the ftudent but to the more experienced lawyer. But the moft eftie mable part of Mr. Dogherty’s charafter was his private worth, his modeft and unaffuming manners, his independeat mind, his ftrict “honour and probity. He was an exemplary hufband and father, and a truly fincere friend, He has leftalarge famiiy, confifting, principally, of females; and it is much to be regretted that the fruits of his induftry are far from being adequate to his labours and mer.ts. [Further particulars of Richard Hulfe, efge whofe death is mentioned at page 491% of the laff’ number.—He was one of the younger fons of Sir Richard Hulfe, bart. (who was eminently diftinguithed in his profeffion, and was phyfician to both their late Majefties), by Elizabeth daughter of Sir Richard Leveti, knight, lord mayor of London 1705. He was placed under the private tuition of the juftly-celebrated Dr. Jortin, and completed hig education at the Charter-houfe, where he was a contemporary with that illuftrious ftatefman the Earl of Liverpool. Thence he removed to St. Peter’s-college, Cambridge, and was admitted a member of Lincoln’s inn from which honourable fociety he was called tothe bax. His attendance upon Wettmin- iter 574 fter-hall was of fhort duration, and he foon abandoned his forenfic purfuits, to the great difappointment of his friends, who, from the early difplay of his brilliant talents, had in- dulged themfelves with the pleafing expec- tation of feeing him arrive at the higheft honours of that learned profeffion. His abi- lities foon became known in the political cir- cles, and he was repeatedly folicited to be- come a member of the Britith fenate: more than once he declined the offer of a confider- able department in the fate. Let it not be fuppofed that fupinenefs was the caufe af his fhrinking from the duties of public life. On the contrary, no man could be more active in his neighbourhood, or more zealous in promoting the happinefs of his country, being fully perfuaded that he could be of more effential fervice to his neighbours by heing out of than in parliament, His idea was, never to facrifice real independence to the fafcinating glare of political ambition. True to his king and country, upon moft occafions he was a firm and aétive fupporter of govern- ment ; and never withheld his fupport but when’ his confcience dictated to him that he could not confiftently promote meafures which he did not approve. His conduct as a ma- giftrate of the county of Kent, for nearly 50 years, was uniformly influenced by the moft unblemifhed integrity and ftri€tef{ impar- tiality: juftice was his fole aim, and he never loft fight of it. His affability of man- ~ ners procured him univerfal efteem: his kind- nefs, as a warm friend and faithful counfellor, can never be effaced from the remembrance of his furvivors. | [A monument, ftudioufly plain and una- dorned, well executed by Mr. Rofli, is juft put up, to the memory of that truly refpect- able prelate, the late Biihop of Down, in the new burying-ground (belonging to St. James’s church) in Tottenham-court-road. The circumftance which chiefly diftinguithes this tribute of furviving affe€tion to departed virtue, is the inscription upon the tabler, written by Mr. Fox. Like moft other works of areal genius, the principal charatteriftics of the compofition are fimplicity and truth of portraiture. The words are as follow:— *¢ Under this ftone lie interred the mortal ; Northumberland and Durham, {Jan. 1, remains of the Right Rev. William Dickfon, late Bifhop of Down and Connor, whofe me- mory will ever be dear to all who were con- nected with him in any of the various rela- tions of life.—Of his public charaéter, the love of liberty, and efpecially of religious li- berty, was the prominent feature: fincere in his own faith, he abhorred the thought of holding out temptations to prevarication or infincerity in others, and was a decided ene- my, both as a bithop anda legiflator, to laws whofe tendency is to feduce or to deter men from the open and undifguifed profeffion of their religious opinions by reward and punifhe ment, by political advaptages, or political difabilities. In private life, fingular modefty, correct tafte, a moft engaging fimplicity of manners, unfhaken conftancy in friendthip, @ warm heart alive toall the charities of our nature, did not fail to conciliate to this ex- cellent man the affections of all who knew him. But, though the exercife of the gen- tler virtues which endear and attract, was . more habitual to him, as moft congenial to his nature, he was by no means deficient in thofe more energetic qualities of the mind which command refpeét andadmiration. When roufed by unjuit aSgreffion, or whatevag the occafion might ,be that called for exertion, his mildnefs did not prevent him from dif- playing the mo manly and determined fpi- rit; and notwithftanding his exquifite fenfi- bility, he bore the fevereft of all human calamities; thé lofs of feveral deferving and beloved children, with exemplary fortitude and refignation. He was born in February 1745—was married in June 1773, to Hen- rietta Symes, daughter of the Kev. Jeremiah ‘Symes; was preferred to the bifhopric of Down and Cennor in December 1783, and died on the 19th of September 1804, deeply regretted by all the different religious feds that compofed the population of his exten- five diocefe; by acquaintances, neighbours, and dependants of every condition and de- {cription ; by his children, his friends, and his country ; and moft of all by his difconfo- late widow, who has ereéted this ftone to the memory of the kindeit hufband and the bei of men.” C. J. Fox.] PRO VIS Cen L* OSC 2k Rh Ae Es: WITH at. THE MARRIAGES anp DEATHS; Arranged geographically, or in the Order of the Counties, from North to South. * ,* Authentic Communications for this Department are always very thankfully received. —=_ ae NORTHUMBERLAND AND DURHAM. A permanent fubfcription library has been formed at Felton, near Alnwick, on a liberal and fpirited plan. The Rev. A Hutton is appointed the treafurer, and Mr. Jofeph At- kinfon the librarian. Mr. Sitwell has offered the following pre= raiums for the next fheep fhow at Barmoor, ta be held on the gth of July, 1806 :—Forthe beft pen of three two-fhear wedders, a filver cup, value five guineas; for the beft three- year old bull, a filver cup, value five gui- neas 3 to the inventor of any new implement of husbandry, that fall be deemed by the judges 1806.] judges appointed for the other premiums to have fufficient merit to be recommended by the meeting to a public ufe, a filver cup, value five guineas. To the thepherd who fhall, that feafon, fave and rear the greateft number of lambs from not lefs than four {core Leicefter ewes, five guineas. To the plough- man who fhall, on that morning, plough or fet up a prepared piece of land for drill tur- nips, in the neateft and moft expeditious manner, five guineas, Married.| At Newcaftle, Captain Oxx, of Woodbridge, to Mifs Spearman.—Mr. Thomas Robfon, tallow-chandler, to Mrs. Martha Forfyth. At Romaldkirk, James Bayles, efg. of Thorngarth-hill, to Mifs Lee. At Durham, Mr. Edward Pickering, of Ferryhill, farmer, to Mifs Jopling, his fifth wife. ' At Barnardcaftle, Mr. Hildreth, draper and flax-dreffer, to Mifs Jackfon. George Pawfon, efq, of Newcaftle, to Mifs Sophia Ann Latton, fecond daughter of the late Rev. Mr. L. vicar of Felton and Woodhorn, Northumberland. Died] At Parkhoufe, ‘near Gatethead, Mrs. H. Eilifon, reli€t of Henry E. efq, and mother of Lieutenant-Col. E. of the Gatef- head volunteers. At Darlington, Mr. Nathaniel Backhoufe, fon of Mrs. Mary B. 16. At Windlefton, Mifs Ann Eden, fifth daughter of Sir john E. bart, At Fatfield, near Chefter-le-Street, Mrs. Kilburn, wife of Mr. K. colliery agent. At Moukwearmouth, Mr. Charles Taylor, tallow-chandler, 67. At Caftle Eden, Michael Scarth, efq. At Burdon, near Darlington, Mr. Jack- fon, 76. At Newcaftle, Mr. M. Callendar, attorney at kew.—Mr. John Crawford, dryfalter_and merchant, 50.—Mrs, Hackworth, widow of Mr. John H. 33.—-Mrs. Nefbit, wife of Mr. Charlies N. miller, ’ At Durham, Mr. Henry Talbot, fadler. At Allendale Town, Mr, Jofhua Watfon, 9. ’ At Berwick, Mr. fofeph Brown, mafon, 53-—Mrs. Rebecca Cockburn, 62.—While on a journey to the fouth, Mr. Thomas Vick- ars, late land-fteward to Lord Kinnaird, 60. At Hexham, Mr. James Beil, tailor.— Mr. William Ellis, 32.—Mifs Elizabeth Nixon, daughter of Mrs. N. innkeeper. At Barnardcafle, Benjamin kafs, efq. 58. At South Shields, Mr. John Forfyth, gro- cer.—Mrs. Mary Wear, an eminent {pirit merchant. At Warkworth, of an apopleétic fit, My. Henry Henderfon, 65. At Jarrow Lake Houfe, Mr. Robert Rail- fton. At Sunderland, Mrs. Walker, widow of the late Mr, William W. 87. At Alnwick, Mifs Swotuer, daughter of Cumberland and Weftmoreland—Yorkfhire. 575 Thomas S. efq.25.-—-Mr. Robert Luke El- ftob, fecretary to his Grace the Duke of Nor thumberland, 22. CUMBERLAND AND WESTMORELAND. Married} At Whitehaven, Mr. Lewe thwaice, to Mifs Coulthard. At Lamplugh, Mr. Jehn Graham, jun. of Mockeskin, Lowefwater, to Mifs Jane Bouch, of Hoad Yod. At Dean, Mr. Charles Allen, of Flimby, to Mifs Hannah Ritfon, daughter of the late Mr. John R. of Branthwaite. At Morrefby, Mr. Adam Heflop, engineer of Lowes iron-works, to Mifs Ifabella Thomp- fon, of Workington. At Penrith, Mr. Blackftock, to Mrs. Stod- dert. S At Carlifle, Mr. John Brown, to Mifs Elizabeth Scott, grocer—Mr. Alexander M‘Kenzie, of the royal artillery, to Mrs, King, innkeeper, At Workington, Captain Edward, Irvin, of the Endeavour, to Mifs Alice Jackfon. Died.| At Whitehaven, Mrs. Stockdale, relict of Mr. §. shipbuilder.—Mrs. Sarah Hodgfon, 59—Mifs Allifon, daughter of the late Mr. Richard A.—Mrs. Gilliatt, wife of Mr. Benj. G. §5.—Mrs. Donald, 62. At Cornhow, in Brackenthwaite, Mrs. Muncafter, wife of Mr. Ferdinand M. At Brampton, Mr. John Dod, fchoolmaf= ter, At Kendal, Mr, Jofeph Symfon, mercer. —Mrs. Ann Gawthorpe, a maiden lady.— Mifs Alice Mounfey, daughter of Mr. M. of Swarth Moor Hall, near Ulverfton. ‘At Penrith, Mr. W. Alton, gunfmith.— Mr. Burton, of London, 87. At Brampton, Mifs Mary Richardfon, daughter of Mr. Ifaac R. 26. . At Wigton, Major Browne, late of the Eaft India Company’s Bombay infantry. At Carlifle, Mr. Henry Ivifon, tallow- chandler, He arofe to work about three o'clock in perfe&t health, and was a corpfe before fix.—Mrs. Mary Hayden, 28.—Mr. John Strong, attorney at law.—Mr, R, Jackfon, 83.—Mr, Jon, Lawfon, late of Pad- denbeck, 60. At Appleby, Mr. Thompfon, furgeon. At Woodhoufe, near Thurfby, Mr. Jonae than Robinfon, 92. Thomas Brifcoe, lateof Newby, near Car= lifle, many years a fchoolmatter in the neighs bourhood of Wetheral and Scotby, 80, YORKSHIRE, Among the premiums offered by the Cleve- land Agricultural Society, for the enfuing year 18.6, are the following:—To the per- fon not occupying his own land, whofe farm, not lefs than 300 acres, fhall be in the bet condition, and moft fkilful tate of cultivas tion, a cup, value ten guineas. To the oc- Cupier of a farm not exceeding 300 acres, nor lefs than 120, under the like terms and conditions, a cup, valuc five guineas, Tio the 576 the perfon who hall hawe drained effe@tually, and in the moft judicious manner, the great- eft quantity of land, five guineas. To the perfon who fhall have reclaimed and brought into the beft ftate of cultivation the greateft quantity of wafte land, not lefs than twenty acres, five guineas. For the beft crop of drilled turnips, not lefs than four acres, three guineas. For the beft crop of Scotch cab- bages, not lefs than two atres, two guineas. For the beft ftallion for getting coach horfes, five guineas. For the beft blood itallion for getting hunters or road-horfes, five guineas. For the beft brood mare for chapman horfes, three guineas. For the beft boar three gui- neas, For the beft fow in pig, two guineas. For the beft bull, five guineas. For the beft tup, whether aged or fhearing, three gui- meas. For the beft pen of five one-fhear gim- mers, three guineas. For the beft pen of five one-fhear wethers, three guineas. For the beft cow in milk, or with calf, five gui- meas. For the beft two-years old heifer in calf, three guineas, For the beft three- years old fteer, bred in Cleveland, three gui- neas, For the beft two-years old fteer, three ” guineas, Application is intended to be made to Par- liament in the next feflion, to obtain an aét for the purpofe of enabling the magiftrates of the three ridings of the county of York to raife a fufficient fum of money, to be levied by eftreat as thé county rates are, for erect- ing or purchafing, and furnifhing a houfe or other buildings, for the accommodation of the Judges of affize, fuitable to the import- ance and dignity of their fituation, during their refidence in the city of York. It appears by the minutes of the fixty- fecond annual conference of the Methodifts, held at Sheffield, that the total number of perfons in their different focieties in Great Britain amount to 101,915; of thefe o&r are in South Wales, and 3168 in North Wales; in the Shrewlbury circuit, 10673; in Worcefter, 1155; in Gloucefterfhire, 753 5 in Ireland, 23,3215 in Nova Scotia, 14103 in Gibraltar, go; in the Weft India Iflands, whites 1550, and blacks, 13,658; in the United States of America, whites, 37,020; coloured people and blacks, 22,650; total in Europe and America, 250,254. ‘There are no lefs than fifty eight chapels now building in England and Wales, of which five are in North Wales, and one at Builth, in Brecon- hire. Married] At Treeton, near Rotherham, James Storer, efq. M.D. of Nottingham, to Mifs Turner. At Whixley Church, Mr, James Suttell Wood, of Bolton Caftle, to Mifs Darval, only daughter of Roger D. efg. of Green Hammerton. At North Ferriby, Daniel Field, efq. of Sculcoates, to Mifs Ringrofe, of Swanland. At Sheffield, Mr. Jonathan Marfhall, mer~ York/bire. (Jan. 1; chant, to Mifs Sarah Robinfon, daughter of Mr. Robert R. At Hemfworth, the Rev. W. Tuffnel, of Worrsingford, Effex, to Mifs Naylor, eld- eft daughter of John N. efg. of Newftead, near Wakefield. Died.] At Hull, Mrs, Wormall, eldett daughter of Mr. W. Southerne, 38.—Mrs. Caroline Watfon, reli& of Mr. Thomas W. of Fofton, tanner, 75 —Mr. Frazer.—Mrs. James, wife of Mr. William J. grocer, 54. —Mr. Gibfon, officer of excife, 60.—Mrs. Huntington, retiét of Mr. John A. 87.—G. Holden, efq —Mrs. Harrifon, wife of Mr. James H. mafter of the fhip Pilgrim, 32.— Mr. G. F. Hewfon, 24.—Mr. Thomas Wrig- glefworth, butcher, 60.—Mr. Thomas Bry, butcher, 51.—Mrs. Smith, wife of Mr. Je- remiah S, of the pottery, 24.—-Mrs. Deer, wife of Mr. Robert D. innkeeper, 70.—Mr, Thomas Simmons, boatman to the cuftoms, 45: The Rev. Henry Croft, D.D. vicar of Gargrave, near Skipton. At Aiflaby, near Whitby, Mark Noble, efq, 70. At Helperby, fuddenly, Mr. George Bur- nell, 71. He went into his ftable in perfec health, to give his horfes fome hay, and was foon afterwards difcovered lifelefs. At Rudftone, near Bridlington, Mrs. Hol- den, wife of Mr. George H. jun, of Bull. . At Weft Ella, near Hull, Jofeph Sykes, efq. $2. At Beverley, Mrs. Ramfhaw, widow of Mr. Robert R. 72, i At Meltonby, near Pocklington, Mr, Wm. Wilfon Crofs, a lieutenant inthe Pockling~ ton volunteer infantry, ‘29. At Settle, William Birkbeck, efq. banker 5 whofe lofs will be feverely felt not only in the circle of his friends, but oy tne whole community of the neighbouring diftri@t, to promote whofe interefts a large portion of his time and talents have long been devoted. At Leeds, Mr. James Eyre, 78.—Mrs. Waite, wife of Mr. W. glafs merchant.— Mr. John Wellfit Nichols, cloth-fearcher.—= Mr. Samuel Sutcliffe, one of the proprietors of the Manchefter and Leeds coaches, At Bramham, near Thorpe Arch, Benja- min Edmondfon, efq. At Rothweil Haigh, Mrs. Craven, wife of Mr. John C. 39. At Healthwaite Hill, near Harewood, Mr. Abraham Mallorie, brother of Mefirs, W. and J. Mallorie, of Leeds, 23. At Pontefract, Mrs. Mary Lambe, only fifter of William L. efq. barrifter at law. At Ryall, near Wakefield, James Scholes, efq. At Richmond, Mrs. Dunbar, widow of Charles D. efg. of Macher Moor, in the county of Galloway. At Haxby, near York, Mrs. Tafker, daughter of Mr, John Beverley, 54. At , t . 1306. ] At York, Mrs. Marth, reliét of the Rev. Philemon M. Matthew Horfley, the celebrated farming foxhunter of the Eaft-Riding, at the ad- vanced age of nearly go. If ever a man loved hunting ¢* with all his foul and all his ftrength,”’ and died game at the laft, Matt. Horfley was that hunter. Ona fmall farm he contrived, from time totime, to bring in- ~ to the field, to fhow off there, and to fell afterwards at good prices, as many good horfes .as ever perhaps belonged to one per- fon; for in the courfe of nearly a century, he had hunted with three generations. But this was not all his praife. He hada natu- ral vein of humour and facetioufnefs, which the quaintnefs of a ftrong Yorkfhire diale& heightened ftill more ; and when fome greater men, who were his neighbours, withed to trample him down, he not unfrequently con- trived to put afide the effeGs of ill-humour by good humourof his own. LANCASHIRE. At a meeting of the inhabitants of the town of Liverpool, held in the town-hall, it was refolved, that a naval monument, to _the-memory of Lord Nelfon, be erected in the centre of the area of the New Exchange Buildings ; and that the memorable words of Lord Nelfon, in his laft orders to his conquer- ing countrymen, be infcribed on fuch monu- ment, “* England expe&ts that every mam will do his duty.” Married.) At Liverpool, Mr. Richard Powell, to Mifs Phebe Blundell, of Birk- enhead, Chethire.x—Captain Robinfon, to Mifs P. Mafon.—-Captain Jofeph Stockdale, of Whitehaven, to Mifs Gibfon, daughter of Captain Thomas G.—Mr, Sherland Smith, matter of St. James's fchool, to Mrs. Sarah Rowden, At Chorley, Mr. Sale, to Mifs Dent. At Prefton, Mr. John Marth, timber mer- chant, of Liverpool, to Mifs Helen Hough- Son. Mr, William Hargreaves, of Higham, to Mifs Holgate, daughter of J. Holgate, efq. of Burnley. r At Blackburn, Mr. Parker, printer and bookfeller, to Mifs Huntington. At Welling, near Liverpool, Mr. Jofeph Clayton, 74, to Mrs. Elizabeth Hankin, $4, being his fourth wife, and her third huf- band. The Rev. Mr. Richardfon, of Cartmel, to Mifs Emma Machell, of Aynfon. Died.] At Liverpool, Mrs. Blackftock, mother of Mr. B. attorney.—Mr. Richard Hafkayne.—Mifs Margaret Bridkirk, go — Mrs. Elizabeth Skiliicorn, wife of Mr. Ro- bert §S. cabinet-maker, 27.—Dr. Richard Dawfon, late of York, 56.—Mrs. Coghlan, wife of Mr, C, print-feller.—Mrs. Lowthian, wife of Mr. L, au€tioneer.—Mrs. Milburn, wife of Mr. J. Milburn, and eldeft daughter of Mr. H. Fairclough, 32-—Mrs, Mudge, MontuLy Mac, No. 137- Laucafbire—Chefhire—Derbyfire. 577 wife of Captain M.—Mrs, Clement, wife of Mr. Thomas C. filverfmith. At Sankey Bridge, Mifs Clare, daughter of Mr. William C, At Chorley, Mrs. Halliwell, of the poft. office. At Prefton, John Watfon, fen, efq.—At Cartmel, Mr. John Settle, gr, At his feat at Spark Brook Houfe, Ware wickthire, aged 62, James Whitaker, efq. a native of Manchefter. Few of its inhabit. ants ever evinced more energy than he did in promoting its improvement and profperity. Asa folicitor he was eminent above forty: years, and in that capacity he had the hoe nour to affift the committee of his fellow townfmen who fo ftrenuoufly and fo fuccefse fully laboured to obtain a repeal of that im- politic and oppreffive tax the fuftian tax. He was a moft affe€tionate father, a zealous friend, and atruly loyal fubjeét. At Wigan, Mr. George Bird, of the Eagle and Child inn. —Mr. Wm. Roper, farrier. At Manchefter, Mr. G, Bailey, fon of Mr3 Bailey, of King-ftreet. His death was oc- cafioned by a fquib being thrown at him, ia what was fatally thought a joke! It ex- - ploded in his eyes, and, after dreadful fuf- fering, produced a brain fever, affording an- other melancholy inftance of the impropriety of ufing thefe dangerous compofitions.—Mrs. Wade, wife of Mr. Samuel W. 25. At Lancafter, Mrs. Tomlinfon, reli& of Mr. Robert T. At Conder Green, near Lancafter, Mr. Thomas Graham, formerly captain of a Weft Indiaman belonging to that port. At Gateacre, the Rev. Robert Parke, fel- low of Pembroke College, Cambridge, and minifter of the gofpel at the church of Wae vertree, near Liverpool, 38. \ At Kirby, near Liverpool, Mifs Stewart, daughter of the late Dr, Alexander S, of Grenada, At Ulverfton, in the prime of life, Mr George Brockbank. CHESHIRE. Married.| At Chefter, Mr. T. Lewelling of Market Drayton, to Mifs Jones, daughter of Mrs. Yoxall.—Mr. Charles Iliffe, of Bire mingham, to Mrs. Hafwell, daughter of Mr. George H. of the Hop-pele inn.—Mr. George Lyon, linen-draper. Died.] At Wallarfey, Mifs Alice Penketty daughter of the late William P. Efq. 57. At Nantwich, Charles Hall, M.D. 76. At Northwich, Mrs. Bancroft, mother of Mr. Thomas B. 8o. DERBYSHIRE. Married.] At Doveridge, Mr. Hodgkin- fon, of Wirkfworth, draper, to Miis Anna Phabay. . At Chefterfield, Mr. Cummings, at the Hall, Buxton, to Mifs Barnes, daughter of Mr. B. grocer. At Pentrich, Mr. Daniel Woolley, of 41 Hiartthay, 578 Harthhay, to Milfs Wodlley, eldeft daughter of Mr. George W. of Ripley. Died,| At Chefterfield, Mrs. Malkin, re- lié& of the Rev. Jonah M, go. At Derby Mrs. Ellis, wife of Mr. John E. 70.—Mrs, Buther, wife of Mr. William B. 64. At Loek Grange, Mrs. Brentnall, relict of Benjamin B, gent. NOTTINGHAMSHIRE, Married] At Nottingham, Mr, Deakin, hofier, to Mifs Price.——Samuel Grundy, gent. lieutenant and adjutant of the Not- tingham volunteers, to Mifs Cooper.—Mr. Thomas Wood, confeftioner, to Mifs Stock- Tey. 4 At Mansfield, Mr. Walker, of Newthorp, farmer, to Mifs Ann Whitlock, daughter of Mr. Edward W. At Southwell, Mr. Mumby, of Newark, to Mifs Bucklow.—Mr. Jeremiah Nicholfow, builder, to Mifs Mary Holles. At Elton on the Hill, Mr. George Inno- cent, of Whatton; to Mifs Rebecca Mann. Died] At Nottingham, Mr. Coxon, an ingenious hofe manufaéturer.—Mifs C. Ste- venfon, 19.—=Mr. William Mofs.—Mr. William Millard, of Woburn, Beds, brother- in-law to Mefirs. Swans, of this town.—Mrs. Morris, reli& of Mr, George M. publican.— Mrs. Blackhall, mother of Mr. B. draper. At Basford, Mr. W. Swinton, fon of Mr. S. publican. At Tuxford, Mrs. Naylor, of the Fox inn. At Bafingfield, Mr. Morris, farmer, and a member of the Nottingham fquadron of yeo- manry cavalry, commanded by Major Wright. At Mufkham Grange, near Newark on Trent, Mrs, Dickinfon, wife of William D. efq. At Bingham, Mr. Pacey, farmer and gra- zier, 56. At Barton, Mr. Wright. At Mansiield, Mrs. Sims, reli&t of Mr, S. LINCOLNSHIRE. The new theatre at Bofton is nearly com- pleted. The plan of the whole building is very judicious, and. does great credit to the folid judgment of Mr. Watton, the architect. The arrangement of the interior acceommo- dations is in the greateft degree comfortable ; and the difpofition of the various apartments highly convenient. The interior decorations, from the mafterly pencil of Mr. Immanuel, are in great forwardnefs, and evince a tafte and genius which add to the reputation he has already acquired as an artift. In fhort, this temple of Theipis will in point of ele- gance and convenience, equal any fimilar building in the country. Married.] At Fifhioft, Mr. Dickinfon, ichoolmatter, to Milfs Hill. At Owenlby, Mr. Porter, farmer and gra- , vier, to Mifs Atkinfon, 42. At Horkftow, John Richardfon, efq. to, Mifs Margaret Martinfon. Mr. Thomas Winter, of Langton, te Mifs Mary Maltby, of Stainton. Notting hamn/bire— Lincolnfhire—Leicefter[bires [Jan, I; Died.| At Bicker, hear Bofton, Mifs Mary Pillings, youngeft daughter of Mr. P. grazier. At Heckington, Mt. Thomas Almond, fen. miller, 63. At Dunholme, near Lincoln, Mr. James Walker, butcher and beaft-jobber, well known at the different markets in this and the’ncighbouring counties, 76. At Lincola, Mr. John Palmer, fon of the late Rev, Mr. P, of Kettlethorpe, 24.—-Mrs. Tuke, wife of Mr. T. keeper of the city gaol.—-Mr. Middleton, 88. At Louth, Mr. H. Barker, wool-comber and worfted manufa€turer, §5.—Very fud- cenly, Mr. Dixon, 52.—-Mrs. Hodgfon, 74. At Heckington, Mr. William Hall, mill- wright, 23. At Gainiboro’, Mr, William Denman, tailor, : At Spilhy, Mr. Aer. - At Raithby Hall, near Spilfby, Mrs, Lonf- dale, wife of Mr. W. Lonfdale, fteward to R. C. Brackenbury, efg. At Hemeringham, Mr. Englith, an opu. . Jent farmer and grazier. . At Mareham le Fen, Mr. John Smith, farmer. At Stickney, of the cancer, Mr, Bigger= dike. At Revefby, Mrs. Heaton, wife of Mr. John H.—Mrs. Grantham, wife of Mr- Joha G. She had had four hufbands, and three ef them of the name of Grantham. At Stamford, Mrs. Axton, widow of the Rev. Thomas A. of Friendfbury, Kent. At Londonthorpe, near Grantham, Mes. Parke, wife of William P. efg. of Thorpe Latimer. At Uffington, Mr. Tonas Atkinfon, many years groom to Lord Lowther. LSICESTERSHIRE. At the annual meeting of the Leicefter Agricultural Society, held on the 4th of O«- tober, 1305, it was refolved to offer the fol- lowing premiums for the year 1806:—To the perfon who fhall produce the beft eftimate of the comparative advantage between ufing oxen and horfes in hufbandry-work, tweaty- five guineas. - To the perfon who thall make the beft comparative experiment between the effets of frefh dung and rotten dung, arifing from the fame fpecies of animal and forage, upon grafs land, the extent not being lefs than one acre for each kindof dung, ten gui- neas. To the perfon who fhall, onthe day of the annual meeting for 18c6, produce a en of five of the beft fat fhear- hogs, to have . fed with grafs, hay, or roots, and not to have had corn, ten guineas. For the fecond beft pen of the fame, five guineas. For a pen of the beft five two-year old wethers, ten guineas, For the fecond-beft pen of the fame, five guineas. For a pen of the beft five fat fhear-hogs that fhall have been bred and kept on natural grafsalone, ten guineas. For the fesond belt peg of the fame, five guineas; ~1806.] Baineas. Fora pen of the beft five two-year eld wethers, ten guineas, For the fecond- beit pen of the fame, 5 guineas. For the beit pen of fiveewes, to be fhewn at the an- nual meeting for 1806, which fhall have produced and reared lambs at two years old, and the following year, the lambs not being taken from the’dams until Midfummer in each year, to have been fed with grafs, hay, orroots, but notto have had corn, five gui- Seas. For the beft pen of the fame number of ewes that thail have been kept on natural geafs alone, five guineas. For the beft ox under three years old, the time when calved being afcertained as nearly as may be, fix gui- neas. For the fecond beft ditto, four guineas. For the beft ox, under four years old, five guineas. For the fecond-beft ditto, three guineas. Forthe beft ox that fhall have been worked from three years old off, to fix years old off, or longer, the age being fpecified, a premium of eight guineas, For the fecond- beft ditto, four guineas, For the bef cow that fhall have produced not lefs than three calves, and fhall be in milk at the time of fhewing, five guineas. For the fecond-beft cow, three guineas. To the perfon who fhall clear not lefs than twoacres of land from ant-hills in the beft, moft efeétual, and leaft expenfive manner, five guineas. The fol- lowing premiums are offered to fervants. To the perfon having had the care of fheep, to be exhibited to the fociety, that fhall appear to have rendered the moft effeétual fervice to his mafter in the capacity of fhepherd, three Guineas. _To the manthat fhall make the experiment as to dung, for which a premium fhall be obtained, one guinea. To the fer- vant that fhall be employed in the working of horfes and oxen in hutbandry-work, on which the premium offered by this fociety fhall be awarded, two guineas. Fhe com- mittee was requsfted to call a meeting of gra- gjers, to confider of the expediency of hold- ing a wool-meeting at Leicefter in July, 1806. Married] At Sheepfhead, Mr. William Burker, butcher, to Mifs Lucy Alte At Leicefter, Mr. Wildboar, grazier, of Billeféon, to Mifs R. Bell.—Mr. Jofeph Jones, of Nottingham, to Mifs Higginfon. At Swithland, Mr. Henry Thornton, of Cropiton, to Mrs. Cooper. Died.} At Market Harborough, Mrs. Harrod, printer and bookfeller. Aj Loughborough, Mr. Cradock, 78. At Sheepthead, Mr. John Garrett, farmer and grazier. At Lutterworth, Mr. James Neale, auc- tioncer. WORCESTERSHIRE. Died.) At Forfhampton, Mr. John Bayer, Ty At Coney Green, near Stamport, of a can- cer with which fhe had been afflied upwards of 20 years, Mra, Benbow, 65, Woreefterfoire—Staf ordfhire—Warwickfrire. 579 At Red Wood, near Tenbury, Mr, WiJ- liam Adams. At Worcefter, Mrs, Purfer, of Powick, 88. STAFFORDSHIRE. Ata public meeting, held at Betley, in this county, it was refolved, that application fhould be made to Parliament for an at for making a rail-way from the Chefter canal, near Nantwich, to communicate with Sir Ni- gel Bowyer Grefley’s canal, at or near Dale’s Pool, It isintended that from the main rail- way a collateral branch fhall be formed to Silverdale; a fimilar one along the weft fide of the hill, containing the collieries “of Sir Nigel Bowyer Grefley, Walter Sneyd, efq. John Crewe, efg. George Tollet, efg. and Mr. Thomas Poole ; alfoone along the range of hill containing the collieries of Sir Tho- mas Fletcher, Sir John Edenfor Heathcote, Vice-Admiral Child, Thomas Kinnerfley, efo. Hugo Meynell, efg. Mr. John Wedgewood, and Mr. William Burgefs, to each of which branches the feveral proprietors of collieries or works before-mentioned, or others, may form communications at their own expence (either by private railways or otherwife), and carry along the fame branches on paying fuck rates of tonnage as fhall be agreed upon, fo as to enable the different proprietors to con- vey their articles to the main’ railway with equal advantage. The fums neceflary for accomplifhing this undertaking are to be raifed by fubfcription, in fhares of fifty pounds each, and no fubferiber is to hoid more than fifteen thares. f Died.] At Hough Hall, Audley, Mrs. Alfager, reli of George A. gent. of Hal- mer End, 7o. At Wolverhampton, Mr, William Perks, 52» At Weft Bromwich, William Hughes, gent. At Handfworth, Mrs. Short, reli& of Mr. S. of Wood Green, At Lichfield, Mr. Thomas Butler, a part- ner in the houfe of Meflrs. Butlers’ and Bee- crofts, of Kirkflall Forge, near Leeds, York- fhire, 69. Mr. John Mayne, late principal of Barr academy, which he conduéted many years, wes unwearied afiiduity and great fuccefs, 5 ° Lieutenant John Fernyhough, of the royal marines, fon of Mr. F. of Lichfield, 26. He loft his life in endeavouring to preferve the crew of the Spanith thip Rayo, wrecked on the 26th of OGtober, off San Lutar, WARWICKSHIRE, A moft re(peétable meeting of the inhabit. ants of Birmingham took place at Styles’s Royal hotel, to confider of the most effe@u- al means of teftifying their gratitude for the brilliant fervices performed by the lute heroic Nelfon. The meeting was unanimoufly 6f Opinion, that a'monument, {tatue, or pillar, fhould be cre€ted in that towa and a fub- 4D. fcription 580 fcription was immediately opened for that purpofe, } Married.} At Whittington, Mr. Hopley, of Elford, to Mifs Dennitts, of Streathway Houfe, near Lichfield. At. Birmingham, Mr. Michael O’Farrell, guarter-mafter of the German legion at Co- ventry, to Mifs Jane Lund. Died.| At Slateley, near Tamworth, Mr. Ralph Dudley. At Sutton Coldfield, Mr. William Homer, attorney at Jaw, 38 years deputy fteward of that corporation. : At Packwood, Mr. William Wakefield, Fe At Walton, near Stone, Mr. Wright, 88. At Dunnington, near Alcefter, Mr. Gould. " At Birmingham, Mrs. Jefcoate, wife of Mr. Thomas J. fenior.—Mr. Michael Mills. -—Mrs. Ikin, wife of Mr. I. merchant, of Leeds.—-Mr, William Walker.—Mifs E, Bouiton. SHROPSHIRE, At a meeting of the Drayton Agricultural Society, held on the 7th November, the fol- Towing premiums were offered for the enfu- ing year .-To the perfon who hall produce at the next July meeting the beftlong horned bull, for ftock, not more than three years old the preceding fpring, a gold medal. To the beft fhort-horned ditto, a gold medal. To the beft pollard ditto, a gold medal. To the beft two years old long-horned heifer, a gold medal. ‘To the beft ditto short-horned and pollard, each, a gold medal. To the beft yearling heifer of each fort, a filver medal. To the beft new Leicefter ram for ftock, not more than two years old the preceding fpring, a gold medal. To the fecond-beft ditto, a filver medal. To the beft real South Down ram, a gold medal. To the beft grey-faced yam, agold medal. To the beft pen of four new Leicefter yearling ewes, a gold medal. : To ditto of four real South Down, a gold me- dal, To the beft grey-faced, a gold medal. To the bet boar pig, not more than eighteen months old, a gold medal. To the bef fow pig, a gold medal. dairy of cheefe, according to the extent and quality of the land and number of cows (not Jefs than ten), a filver cup. To the farmer, being a fubfcriber, or. tenant to any fub- ‘ deriber, at rack rent and not under leafe for more than feyen years, who between this time and the fociety’s meeting in November, 1807, fhall have made the greateft and moft fubftantial improvements by marling, drain- ing or otherwife, a filver cup. To the land- Jord or owner of any farm, being a fub- fcriber, who fhall make the like greateft and mott fubftantial improvements within the fame time, a gold medal, To the perfon who fhall fow with the drill the greateft pumber of acres (not lefs than five) with dent corn, hoe the fame, and produce the clganeft and beit crop at harveft, a gold me= Shropfhire—Herefordpire. To the largeft and beft - fJam. 1> dal. To the beft and cleaneft crop of com=: mon turnips (not lefs than eight acres), a gold medal. ‘To the beft crop of Swedes (not lefs than five acres), agold medal. Sir Cor- bet Corbet propofes to give a filver cup, va- lue ten guineas, to any pesfon being a fub- {criber, or to any tenant of a fubfcriber, who in the years 1806 and 1807, Shall fow and grow the largeft and beft crop of winter corn, (not lefs than fix acres) by the drill hufban= dry, and to be properly horfe hoed. Merried.] At Wellington, Mr. Weft- head, of Manchefter, to Mifs Ann Brown, of Dothill. At Afhford, near Ludlow, Mr. Thomas Bevan, to Mrs. Bifhop. The bridegroom, though totally blind, is clerk of the parifh in which he refides, and performs the duties of his office with the greateft exaétnefs, At Whitchurch, Mr. Price, farmer, near Wem, to Mrs. Grafton. Mr. Symonds, maltfter, of Wem, to Mifs Dutton, of Alkingten Hall. At Battlefield, Mr. Vincent Rodenhurft, of High Ercall, to Mifs Ann Moreton, of Allbright Huffey. Died.] At Kinnerfley, Mr. Williams. At Longham, near Wellington, Mrs. Ne- ville, 86. At Walcot Mill, near Wellington, Mr. Hiles, At Bridgnorth, Mr. Bangham, fenior, hop merchant. ‘At Batchacre Park, Mrs. Ann Burley, houfekeeper for 25 years to Richard Whit- worth, efq. At Oatley Park, Mrs, Vaughan, niece of the late Edward Kynafton, efq. At Ludlow, Mr. Adams, of Redwood.— Mr. T, Owen, grocer.—Mrs. Elizabeth Peach, 86.—-Mr. Juin Chipp, many years landlord of the Caftle inn—Mrs. Turner, wife of Richard TP. efq. At Stanton Lacy, near Ludlow, Mr. Lowe, farmer, 72. At Shrewlbury, Mrs. Murphy.—Mrs. Da- vis. AtEllefmere, Mrs. Carpenter. At Shiffnal, Mr. Martin, 37. HEREFORDSHIRE. Married.] At Shobdon, Mr. Guife, che= mitt and druggift, of Worcefter, to Mifs Ann Daniel, fecond daughter of Mr. D. Died.| At Hereford, Mrs. Tankard, whe formerly kept a fchool in that city.—-Mr. George Woakes, a refpeftable glover upwards of forty years, 80. At Seddington, the Rev. John Wafhbourn, D- D. one of the fenior fellows of Magdalen College, Oxfordfhire, and rector of that pa- rifh. At Cradley, R. Hill, efq. of the Hill Houfe, captain of the Cradley volunteers, andthe laft male heir of an ancientand re- fpectable family. GLOUCESTERSHIRE.” 1806.] GLOUCESTERSHIRE. Married.} The Rev. F. T. Baly, re@or of St, John’s and St. Aldate’s, Gloucefter, to Mifs Lidierd, daughter of —— L. efg. of -Maidftone, Kent. At Gloucefter, Mr. R. Fletcher, furgeon, to Mifs Owen, daughter of J. Owen, efg.— Mr. George Bullock, tanner, to Mifs Eiiza- beth Smith, daughter of Mr. Ephraim S. of Churcham. At Cheltenham, Mr. Heath, to Méifs Creome, youngeft daughter of the late Mr. James Weftern, efq. of Gray’s inn, Lon- don, to Mifs Hallifax, eldeft daughter of the Rev, Robert H. vicar of Standifh, At Sifton, Mr. John Thomas, one of the proprietors of the Pontipool iron-works, to Mifs Franklyn, daughter of the late Mr. F. ironmonger, of Britto). Died.] At Gloucefter, Mr. John Pytt, junior, 19.—Mrs. Price, mother of the late Mr. P. attorney.—Mr. B. Muflow. At Tetbury, Mr. Wm. Hooper, At Kemerton, J. Parfons, efq, At Weftbury-upon-Trim, John Crayen Lewis, efq. At Cheltenham, Mrs. Mary Stallard. Mr. Edward Horwood, a farmer of re- fpe€tability, who rented a large eftate under. Paul Wathen, efq. at Lappiatt Park. Re- turning home one night through that gentle- man’s park, he was winded by one of the two large flags kept there, and attacked with a. degree of fury which foon baffled all refiftt- ance, though attempted for fome time with a large ftick, which the farmer held, and plied with all his vigour, till overpowered and trampled down, the raging animal, bel- lowing hideoufly all the while, butted and gored the unfortunate man with his antlers, during the fpace of an hour and a half, in fuch a fhocking manner, that, on his hands and knees, Mr. Horwood had, after the vin- diétive beaft had left him, but juft ftrength to crawl home, where he languifhed about thirty-fix hours, and expired in great fufter- ings. There-were upwards of thirty wounds and lacerations a}l over his body; his clothes were nearly torn to pieces. The furgeon who opened his body found the pericardium of the heart attacked. Had it not been for this unlucky thruft of the horns, though dreadfully injured, he might probably have furvived this difafter. The frienaly difpofi- tion of the deceafed had gained him univer- fal efteem, and makes his untimely fate the theme of general condolance in his neigh- bourhood. Apprehenfive of accident, the proprietor of the ftags had juft before cau- tioned every one to keep out of the way, and even given orders to have them fecured, and their horns fawed off, which in al! probabi- lity would have been done on the following days but after the melancholy occurrence the animals were both fhot the enfuing morning, Gloucefterfoire-—-Oxford/bire. | 58t OXFORDSHIRE. Married] At Oxford, Mr. Langford, of Bond-fireet, London, to Mifs Gallaway.— William Turner, efq. of Shipton, to Mifs Shortland, daughter of the late Alderman S. —Mr. Henry Bennet, to Mifs Catherine Wife, daughter of Mr. W. confectioner. _ Died.| At Hook Norton, Mifs Godfon, eldeft daughter of Mr. G. At Oxford, Mr. John Martin, many years head cook of Chriftchurch.-Mr. T. Harris, common-room man of the fame college. Of a mortification, the Rev. Robert Holmes, D.D. re&tor of Stanton, co. Ox- ford, canon of Salifbury and Chriftchurchs and dean of Winchefter, 56. He was New College; M.A. 17743 B.D. 17875 D.D. 1786 ; Dean of Winchefter 1804. He was appointed profeffor of poetry in the Uni- verfity of Oxford on the death of Mr. Whar ton, 17903 and firft publifhed a fermon on Phil. iii. 2. the refurreétion of the body, de duced from that of Chriit, and illuftrated from his transfiguracion, 1777, 4to.; the Bampton lefture, in eight fermons, 17382, 8vo.; Divinity traéts, 1788, 8vo; Alfred, an ode, with fix fonnets, 1788, 4to; an ode for the Enczenia, on the inftallation of the Duke of Portland, 1793 5 a faft fermon before the Houfe of Commons, 1796, 4to.5 a Latin epiftle to Bifhop Barrington, 1795, folio, refpecting the collation of the MSS, of the LXX. verfion of the Old Teftament, which had been begun feven years before, and which occupied his attention from 1788 till his death, with a fpecimen of the MS. of Genefis, in the Imperial library at Vien- na, in blue and filver capitals of the fecond or fifth centuries. The delegates of the Uni- verfity prefs agreed to allow him 4ol. a year for three years, © on his exhibiting to them his collations annually, to be depofited in the Bodleiaa library, and, when the whole is finifhed, to be printed at the Univerfity prefs, at his expence, and for his benefit, or of his afiigns, if he fhould live to complete his col- lations. Or, if theyare left imperfett, they were to be at the difcretion of the delegates, they undertaking to promote the finifhing of them tothe beft of their power, and to pub- lifh them when finifhed, allowing to his af figns a juft proportion of the profits. Thus encouraged, and aided by a handfome annual fubfcription, he printed the whole of the Pentateuch, in five volumes folio, price twelve guineas, at the rate of three for each volume being fubfcribed for one cépy. Among the fubfcribers were, the Archbifhop of Can= terbury, eighteen Englifh and two Irith Bi- fhops, nineteen Deans, the Univerfity of Ox- ford for twelve copies, the Univerfity of Cam- bridge three copies, of Dublin two, of Glaf- gow one; fourteen colleges at Oxford, thofe of King’s at Cambridge, and Eton and Sion ; the Dukes of Portland, Grafton, and Marl- borough ; others of the nobility, and many of the'clergy and laity. Sixteen annual ac- counts Northamptonfoire—Cambridgeshire—Nor folk. counts of the collation of the MSS. ang four of the publication, have been publifhed, the fub{cription to which, laft year, amounted to 21371. Having brought the publication of the Pentateuch to a conclufion, he lak year edited the Prophecy of Daniel, accord- ing to Theodotian and the LXX. departing from his propofed order, as if by a prefenti- ment of his end. In fifteen years 7o00l. had been expended on this great undertaking, the collations of which are depofited in the Bodleian library, to be publifhed by the Doc-- | tor, or, in cafe of his death, by fome other perfon, under the aufpices of the delegates of the Clarendon prefs. NORTHAMPTONSHIRE. The Northamptonfhire Prefervative Soci- ety have juft publifhed their report up to the end of June 1805. Its objet is not fomuch to record curious phyfical cafes, as to keep.up and invigorate public attention in every clafs of fociety, and an habitual recolle€&tion of what is advifable to be done when human life is fuddenly endangered ; witha liberal remu- neration to thofe laudable exertions which have been made to preferve lifemto the lower orders by pecuniary recompence, to the. higher by the honorary medal. Out of fifty cafes which have come before the committce dpring the five years fubfequent to their laft report, there have been forty-four preferva- tions, among which are included all *the known cafes of fuicide. _ Married.| At Everdon, Mr. Samuel Bird, farmer and grazier, to Mifs Goodman. Mr. Norton, of Foxall, to Mifs Timfon, of Old. At Afthby St. Ledgers, Simon Kendall, efq. of Richmond, Surry, to Mifs Smith. Died] At Northampton, Mrs, Smyth, wife of Chriftopher S. ef. At Peterborough, Mrs. Sarah Wales, 88. At the parfonage houfe of Cottefbrooke, of the gout in his head, the Rev. John San- ford, L.L.B. more than-twenty years reCtor of that parifh, 58. At Earl's Barton, James Whitworth, gent. te. N. Hudfon, fteward and receiver to the Bifhop and Chapter, and clerk to the Rev. the Dean and Chapter of Peterborough. At Watford, Mr. James Neal, woodman. CAMBRIDGESHIRE, Marricd.| At Cambridge, Mr. S. S. Ber- ger, merchant, of Queen-ftreet, Cheapfide, London, to Mifs Sharp, only daughter of Mr. S. At Newmarket, Mr. John Chapman, auc- tioneer, to Mifs Peafe. Sir Charles E. Nightingale, bart. of Kneef- worth, to Milfs Dickenfon, only daughter of ‘Thomas D. efq. of Weft Retford, Notts. At Haddenham, Mr. John Clay, junior, Jieutenant in the Haddenham volunteers, ta Mifs Prime, of Threplow. Died.] At Cambridge, John Forlow, efq. _ [Jan. 1, one of the aldermen of that corporation, and lieutenant-colonel of the Cambridge volun- teers. He had feveral times ferved the office of mayor. At Thorney, Mrs. Maxwell, wife of Mr. George M. of French Drove. At Wifbech, Mr. Jeffe Broughton, up- wards of so years mafter of the free {chook there, 85. At Ely, Mifs Metcalfe, daughter of the Rev, Wm. M. NORFOLK. Marvied.| At Norwich, Waller Rodwell Wright, efq. recorder of Bury, to Mifs Bo- kenham, only daughter of the late Thomas B, efq. At Thetford, Mr. Robert Crickmore, of Brockdifh, to Mifs M. Adkinfon. The Rev. Jofeph L’Ofte, of Kirby Bedon, to Mifs Rachel Hammont, fecond daughter of Wm. H. efq. of Norwich. At Yarmouth, Mr, Mark Waters, mer- chant, to Mifs Margaretta Maria Solvet, youngeft daughter of the late Samuel T. elg. Died.| At Framingham, Mrs. Young, wife of Mr. Robert Y. At Beccles, Mrs. Maria Weft, wife of Mr. John W. 32. AtGreat Dunham, Mr. Robert Church man, 78. At Beighton, Mrs. Green, mother of Mr, Jobn G.‘of Buckenham Hall, At South Lynn, Mrs. Sarah Jenkins, wife of Mr. Edmund J. 63. At Yarmouth, Mrs. Turney, wife of the Rev. Richard Turner, minifter of that pa- rifh. Her fteadfaft and unafteéted Chriftian piety, her affeétionate and unceafing atten tion to a numerous family, and her eagernefs to relieve the wants of the poor aud diftref- fed, will long render her example inftruc- tive, and her memory beloved and revered.—= Mr. James Rumbelow, corn-chandler. At Henftead, on his journey from Beccles to Wrentham, the Rev. Mr, Crifp, diffenting minifter at Harlefon, 68. At Ditchingham, Mr. James Bloy, one of the chief conftables of Loddon and Clavering Hunereds, At Holt, Mr. John Davy, 7o. ArCringleford, Mr. Wm, Cole, 21. At Norwich, Mrs. Rebecca Burgefs, 67. —Mr. Thomas Masks, one of the coroners of the city, 69.—Mr.T. Raymond, mafter of the Cardinal’s Cap, 70.—Myre,. Elizabeth Right- ling, late of Sco Rufton, §3.—Mr. Grinling, wpaiicgeieiades 43.—Mrs. Shreeve, 66— Mrs. Morphew, wife of John M. efq.53.— Mifs Ann Huc¢fon, fecond daughter of james H. ef. 25. At Clipfton Houfe, Mrs. Jane Maria Rix, wife of Mr. R, and daughter of the laté Tho- mas Willis, efq. of Thornham. At Thetford, Mifs Eliza Margaretta Min- BAYs ‘ 1306.] gay, fecond dayghter of Wm. Robert M. fg. 20, ‘ SUFFOLK. Married] Mr. John Filby, of Snailwelt, to Mifs Hayward, daughter of the late Ro- bert H. efq. of Fordham, near Newmarket. Robert Hews, efg. of Lexden, to Mifs S. Bolton, daughter of the Rev, Mr. B. reétor of Nedging. ; Mr. H. Edwards, of Sutton, to Mifs Ver- tue, daughter of Robert V.efg. of Hollel- ey- tr. H. Ridley, merchant, of Ipfwich, to . Mifs Wake, of Grundiiburgh. i Mr. Edward Crifp, captain-commandant of the Rendlefham volunteers, to Mifs Mayhew, ef Wickham-fkeith. Died.} At Bury, Mrs, Sarah Hunt, 63. —Mr. Jofeph Ellis, of the Half Moon inn. Mrs. Alderman, formerly a milliner.— Mrs. Hafed, relict of Roger H. gent. and mother of the Rev. Henry H. ledturer of St. Mary’s, 72.—Mr. Addifon, carpenter. At Melton, in the houfe of induftry, Eli- gabeth Lyon, 101. At Woodbridge, Mr. Runnicles, comp- teoller of that porte Mrs. Talbot, wife of the Rev. Mr. T. ye@tor of Elmfel. At Stosham, Mr. Tydeman, of the Ten Bellis inn. Mrs. Gueft, wife of Mr. G. adjutant of the Rifbridge hundred battalion of volunteer infantry. At Rougham Place, near Bury, John Pog- fon, efa. ESSEX. Married.j Mr. Wiiliam SilverGdes, of Hadleigh Park, to Mifs Watfon, of Lon- don, At Colchefter, Mr. Wallis, veterinary furgeon, to Mifs Yates, daughtes of Mr. Robert Y. At Birchanger, Mr. Edward Dockwray, efficer of excife, to Mifs Frances Linfell, youngeft daughter of Mr, L. Died.| At skreens, near Chelmsford, Mrs. EBramfion, wife of Thomas Berney B. ef. Tate one of the reprefentatives in parliament ef this county. * At Witham, Mrs Johnfon, relict of Mr. W. J. formerly of Boreham. At Ingateftone, Mrs, Sarah Dawfon, wife ef Mr. D. grocer and draper. At Colchefter, fuddenly, Lady Sufan Mont- gomerie, daughter of the laté’Earl of Eglin- toune. At Chelmsford, Mrs, Scratton, reli&t of Daniel S. efq. formerly of Broomfield.—Mr, William Cafwell, junior, eldeft fon of Mr, William C. 31. At Braintree, Mrs. Hicks, wife of Mr. William H. At Great Baddow, Mrs. Mayhew, wife of Mr. Wo», M. baker. At Bradwell-juxta-Mare, Mr, Harry Ro- Efex, Kent, Surrey. 533 binfon, mafter of the Englifh free fchoo} in that parith founded by Dr.-Long. At Moulfham, Mrs, Elizabeth Fofter, a maiden lady, 8x. kent. . * Married.) At Dover, Mr. Smith, iron» monger, to Mifs Shadgate, daughter of Wil- liam S. efq. collector of excife at that port. At Faverfham, John Hudfon, of Milton, gent. to Mifs Finch. At Upper Deal, Mr. William Ruffell, to Mrs. Jane Bridge.—Mr. Jacob Bayley, to Mifs Pritchard. At Canterbury, Mr. Edward T. Burrows, of Dover, linen-draper, to Mifs Martin. i; Died | At Deal, Mr. john Broad, upper book pilot of the Fellowfhip, 84.—Mr. Sole, many years a refpectable trade{man, a ma- giftrate and juftice of the peace for Deal. He was found hanging in his tallow-houfe.— Mr. Samuel Mackney. At Wingham, Mr. Richard Pemble, 89. ik Bickley, near Bromley, Wm, Wells, efq. At Ditton, Mifs Mary Ann Golding, youngeit daughter of Mr. John G. At Canterbury, Mrs. Elizabeth Sharp, fifter of Jacob S. efq. of Barham, in this county, 81.—-Suddenly, Mr, Wright.—Mrs, Ann Saltwell, fruiterer, 96.—Mrs. Keen, wife of Mr. George K. fenior. : At Chatham, Mrs. Ratcliff, wife of Mrs . Thomas R. At Chilham, Mr. Read, 60. At Tenterden, Mr, Stephen Wratten, 45 —Mr. John Marfhall, 29. : At Tunbridge Wells, Mrs. Byng, widow of George B, efg. late of Wrotham Park, and mother to the prefent member for the county of Middlefex. At Dover, Mrs, Peake, 65.—-Mr. Pegden, carpenter. At Margate, from the prick of a fifh-bone in one of his fingers, which produced a mor~ tification, Mr. W. Noble, 56. At Ramfgate, Mr. Edward Goldfmith, eldeit fon of Mr. Edward G.—Mr. Goodfon, fenior, go.—Mr. Brook Hinds, attorney at law, of London. At Whitftable, Mr. Thomas Culver. Mr. John Welt, many years mafter of the Monument public-houfe. At Faverfham, Mrs. Martha Hutton, 71. SURREY, Married.] At Croydon, Mr. H. Kelham, junior, agent tothe military depot at Chelm{- ford, to Miis E, Thornton, tecond daughter of Mr. 'T. proprietor of the theatie, Winds for. Died.| At Wollington, near Carfhalton, William Bridges, «fg. 87. At Peckham, Mrs. Harris, wife of Mr. JoGah H, of Talbot-court, Gracechurch- itreet, London. At Chertfey, Mr. Thomas Love, formerly a commander in Whe reyal navy, At ; 584 At Frimley, at the houfe of her fon, Mrs. Trifh, relict of the late Dr. I. of Egham, qi SUSSEX. Married.}] At Brighton, Mr. William Blaber, merchant, to Mifs Pocock, daughter of Mr. P. builder. f At Littlehampton, Mr. Charles Boniface, to Mifs Scarwell. C. Hatrifon, efq. of Sutton Houfe, to Mifs Evanfon, grand-daughter of the late T. Willard, efq. of Eaftbourne. Mr. William Johnfon, attorney at law, to Mifs Pannel, daughter of the late Mr. P. of Fifhbourne. Died.] At Tarring, near Newhaven, Mr. George Picknal, 41. At Patcham, near Brighton, Mrs. Scrafe, reli&t of Mr. Richard S. of Withdean. At Petworth, Mr. William Collens, 37. He was found dead in one of the pews of the chorch. At Brighton, Mrs. Hamilton, wife of the Rev. Mr. H. HAMPSHIRE. Married] At Portfmoutb, Mr. Shoveller, to Mifs Paffard.—Mr. Paffard, to Mifs Sho- weller, fifter of the above Mr. S. ‘At Stoneham, near Southampton, Robert Lindoe, M. D. to Mifs Baker, eldeft daughter ‘of the late Rev. Philip B. re€tor of Michei- merfh. At Beaulieu, Capt. Reeves, of the Berks militia, to Mifs Warner, daughter of John W. efq. of Edwardftone Houfe, Suffolk. At Winchefter, Mr. Gray, furgeon of Bath, to Mifs Gover, eldeft daughter of Mr. G. furveyor. Died.| At Winchefter, Mrs. Walters.— Mr. John Gape, verger of the cathedral. Mr. Simpfon.—Mr. Todd, attorney, of An- dover. At Swanmore Hovfe, near Droxford, William Auguftus Bettefworth, efq. former- ly judge-advocate of his Majefty’s fleet, and ‘many years an eminent attorney in the town of Portfea, 70. At Belmont, near Havant, Daniel Garrett, efg. Ane St. Crofs, James Randall, efq. $7. At Romfey, James Chapman, efg. for- merly an eminent bookleller, of London, ye St. Mary Bourne, Mr, William Pur- ver, 88. At his feat at Sidmonton, Sir Robert Kingf- mill, bart. admiral of the red, 75. 4 fur- ther account will be given im our next, At Portfmouth, Mr. John Mackitt.—Mrs. Miall, wife of Mr. M. linen-draper, and daughter of the late James Goodeve, efq. of Gofport. At Southampton, Mifs Harriet Macken- zie, youngeft daughter of the late Colonel M.—Mr. T.B. Hookey, chemift and drug- it, e At Romfey, Mifs Sophia Ploughman, fe- cond daughter of Mr, P. brewer i Suffex—Hampfrive—Wilifpire—Berkire. - [Jan. 1, At Lymington, Mr. T. Shepard, fenior, of the poft-office. At Bartin Cliff, near Chriftchurch, Mrs. Burfey, 76. At Andover, Mifs Ludlow, eldeft daughter of Mr. L. wine-merchant, and three days afterwards her mother, Mrs. Ly only daughter of Edward Pugh, efq, WILTSHIRE. Married.] At Salifbury, Mr. W. Sanger, junior, to Mifs Smith.—Mr. George Mor- ris, to Mifs Harris, of Eaft Harnham. At Wilton, Samuel Whitty, efq. banker, of Sherborne, to Mrs. Chifman. At Fifherton, Mr. John Shore, baker, of Bradford, to Mifs Wright, eldeft daughter of the late Mr. W. of Fitherton Anger. Died.| At Steeple Langford, fuddenly, Mr. Wm. Swayne, third fon of Mr. Thomas S. aneminent farmer, 17. He had retired to bed the preceding evening in perfeé& health, after having fpent the day cheerfully with his friends. At Warminfter, Mrs. Mary Ailes, wife of Mr. James A. At Damerham, fuddenly, the infant fon of Mr. George Turner Tiller. At Salifbury, Mr. Evans, hofier.——Mrs, Sarah Browne. At Coombe, near Salifbury, Mrs. Martha Leach Street, late of Dinton, 72. This lady hada great-grandfather who lived to the age of 104, a4 grandfather to 109 on her fide; a great-grandfather on her hutband’s fide to 106, and a grandfather to 98, all of whom were living with her and her late hufband on the day of her marriage. : She died poffeffed of aconfiderable eftate, with part of the ori- ginal building, a moft curious ftru€ture,, which has been held by her family in regular fucceffion from the reign of Egbert firftt king of England, and which by her death becomes the property of her fon, Mr. Street, fchool- matter, of Reading, whofe numerous family of both fexes promifes a continuation of li- neal defcendants for agesto come. BERKSHIRE. At a meeting of the truftees of the girls? charity-fchool, Reading, held for the pur- pofe of auditing the annual accounts from Michaelmas, 1804, to Michaelmas, 1805, it appeared that the receipts during that pe- riod were, 3671.185. 5d. and the difburfe- ments 282]. as. 8d. leaving a balance of S5l. 138. 9d. It likewife appeared that the miftrefs was a confiderable lofer in confe- quence of the high price of provifions, and it was therefore agreed, that an addition of sol, per annum fhould be made towards the main- tenance of the children. Married.| At Streatley, Mr. Urthington; brewer, of Bradfield, to Mifs Sheppard. At Reading, Mr. Goodchild, of Watling- ton, Oxon, to Mifs Mary Poulton. Died.] At Reading, Mrs. Munkhoufe, wife of Mr. M. "painter and glazier.—Mrs. Ann Davifon, daughter of the late Thomas D. efq. of Blakifion Hall, Durham. At _ 1206.) At Englefield, Mr. May. At Bradfield Houfe, William Smith, efq. ‘At Hungerford, Mr. John Viner.—Mrs. Wheeler, many years governefs of the board- ing-fchool there. _ At Workingham, Mr. John Lawrence, at- torney at law. - At Pangbourn, Mr, James Monktov, ma- ny years an eminent furgeon of that place, 58. At Sunning Hill, Spencer Schultz, efq. die At Abingdon, Mrs. Cripps, wife of Mr. Samuel C. 49. At Wallingford, Mrs. Bethel, wife of the Rev. Mr. B. reétor of St. Peters, and fifter- in-law of the late Sir Wm. Blackftone. SOMERSETSHIRE. On the roth of December was held the annual meeting of the Bath and Weft of England Agricultural Society. The aflem- blage of gentlemen, graziers, and others engaged in the purfuits of hufbandry, was Nearly as great as on any former occafion, with an increafe of perfons eminent for {ci- ence and ingenuity. he Duke of Bedford having refigned the prefident’s chair, Benja- min Hobhoufe, efq. was unanimoufly elected prefident for the enfuing year. Mr. Bartley alfo refigned the office of fecretary. Lord - Somerville produced feveral pieces of cloth, made from the wool of his own improved breed of fheep, which unequivocally eftabs lifhed the important faét, that Englith wool is equal to the fineft Spanith. The meeting refolved upon inftituting a chemical labora- tory, as illuftrative and highly beneficial to rural economy. The fhew cf cattle this year was comprifed of fuch as were more calcu- lated to enrich the table 2-d fuftain life, than for the dripping-pan ¢ ndler’s fhop, Warried.|' At Baye, he Rev. Peter Gun- Ning, re€tor of Bathwick, te Mifs Phillott, €ldeft daughter of the Rev. Dr. P. archdea- con of Bath,—Mr. Grew, furgeon, of Melk- tham, to Mifs Combe, niece of John Dam- pier, efq. of Bruton.—Martin Dowlia, ef. to Mrs. Tuckett-—William Hallett, efq. captain of the firft regiment of Sormerfet mi- litia, to Mrs. Riddell, daughter of P. J. Gibbes, efq. , _ At Briftol, Mr, Richard Peyton, land- furveyor, to Mifs Wall, daughter of Mr, ohn W. tea-dealer.—William Jenkins, efq. of the Eaft India company’s fervice, to Mifs Bartlett.—Mr, G, P. Andrews, attorney, to Mifs Wafborough, grand-daughter of Mrs. Dowell. _ At Winchcomb, Mr, John Greening, a refpectable farmer, of Langley, to Mifs Su- fanna Harker, daughter of Mr. Daniel #. Died.} At Bath, Mrs. Edy Davis, reli& of Mr. D. cooper, go.—Mrs, Kinlefide.- Mrs. Page, relict of Thomas P. efq. late of Eaft Sheen.—Henry Archbould, efq. late of amaica, 64,—Sir John Skynner, bart Mr. verback,——Mr. Porter, of the Angel ina, Montary Mac, No. 137. Somerfet/hire. 585] Marlborough.—Mr. John Locker, formerly acarver and gilder.—aVirs. Stowey, wife of Mr.S. of Taunton.—$. Oliver, efq —Lady Hay, widow of Sir Thomas H.. of Alder- ftone, K -B—Mrs. Lowe, wife of Mr. L. and only daughter of Mr. Sainfbury.—Rich- ard Daniel, efg. furgeon to the Armagh county hofpital.—Mrs. Gately, widow of Mr. G. ironmonger, of Warminfter, Wilts. —The Rev. Dr. Cotton, dean of Chelter, and brother of Sir Robert C. At Briftol, Mifs Temple, daughterof Co« lonel T.—The Honourable Mifs Ruthven, daughter of Lord R, 22 —Mifs Harriet Ot- borne. —The Rev. John Sharp, paftor of the Baptift meeting\—M§r. Edward Willis, late a refpe€table hofie.—The Rey. John Smith, reétor of Bredon, Worcefterfhire, 73.—Mils Merrick, only daughter of Mr, Thomas M.— Mrs. Halftone.—Mr. Richard Wildgoofe, $6. —-Mr. Miller, keeper of Bridewell.—Mr. Cox, baker.—-Mr. William Hopkins, account- ant.—-Mrs, Gandy, widow of Mr. Harry G. agent and accountant, 86.—William Jones, efg.—Suddenly, Mr. Fry, poft-mafter; gentleman the urbanity of whofe manner and whofe attention and politenefs to the in-~ terefts both of the public and individuals.in the fituation which he held, could only be equalled by the many virtues which endeared him in private fociety to an extenfive circle of friends and acquaintance.—Mrs, Tyndall, wife of the late Thomas T. efq. ] At Rowberrow, William Swymmer, efq. captain in the eafternm part of the Mendip lc- gion. At Taunton, Mrs. Elizabeth Moore, a maiden lady, 87. She was the grand~ daughter of the Rev. John Moore, ejected by the A& of Uniformity, in 1662, from the chapelry of Holneft, in Dorfetthire: a gentleman of fprightly genius and confider~ able intelleCtual endowments, whole conci- liating virtues commanded the refpect and at- tachment of his neighbours; one of thofe pious worthies whofe religious integrity de- termined them to facrifice eafe and intereft to truth and confcience, Her father, the Rev. Thomas Moore, was the efteemed paf- tor of a congregation of Proteftant diffenters, at Abingdon, in Berkibire; in which oflicg he-was afterwards fucceeded by ier elder bro- ther, the Rev. John Moore ; a gentlemaa held in great refpeét for his talents and vir- tues. Another brother was the ingenious Mr. Edward Moore, the celebrated editor of the paper calked the World, and the author of Fables for Ladies, feveral dvamas and other poems. At the death of Mrs, Elizabeth Moore, who had {pent the laft thirty-one years of her life at Taunton, the family be came extingét, In the former periods, and for a number of years, fhe had refided in Fenchurch. ftreet, London, and had been en- gaged in the bufinels of a chamber-millinery with her elder filter; who died at Taunton about fourteen years fioce, leaving in the 4E minds 586 minds of thofe who knew her a lively fenfe of her intelligence, piety, and benevolence. Both had the happinefs of being aided in the acquifition of religious and virtuous excel- lence by the minifiry and friendfhip of a Ben- fon anda Price. Their moral improvement was fuitable to the advantages which they had enjoyed, and worthy the charaéters to which they had been allied. Their religion was not the effe& of education merely; but was the refult of choice, and fixed by reflec- tion. Their minds were candid, and open to the force of arguments. Their laft fenti- ments ona queftion which has much agitated the Chriftian world, were ftri€tly unitarian. In the profeffion of religion, by an attend- ance on public worfhip and at the Lord’s Sup- per, fhe was conftant and exemplary, as long as health and ftrength would permit. Her Plivate reading was chiefly of the devotional kind; in this fhe was regular and affiduous, giving fome portion of every day to the pe- rifal of fermons. But her religion was not of the gloomy or forbidding caft. Her tem- per was cheerful; her manners were eafy and polite; and as long as fhe thought herfelf ca- pable of company, fhe could and did unbend her mind, without entering into the circles of modern diffipation, by moderate amufe- ments and focial converfe. A diftinguifhing trait in her character was generofity, improv- ing and expanding itfelf as her fortune im- Proved, in conftant aéts of kindnefs to the poor, in benefaétions to the deferving, in deeds of aid to individuals, and in contribu- tions to fchemes of public utility. It wes an excellence of her generofity, that it was free and cheerful. Her ears were open to évery application ; and the fuitor had not to Complain of a reluctant gift, but went away 4s much pleafed with the manner as with phe donation. Nor toaid the means of bene- ficence, had fhe recourfe to the favings of parfimony, or to ftrained deduétions from the profits of the tradefman. It fhould be added, that when inability prevented her perfonal attendance at the colleétions for the poor which accompanied public worfhip, no lofs was fuftained by her abfence. She felt the diftreffes of the poor and afflifted, and the was ready toadminifter to them the relief of beneficence and compaffion. Her general de- portment to thofe who moved in the lowett tpheres of life was kind and condefcending. Though her life had been for many years private and reclufe, fuch is the power of ge- nuine goodnefs, her worth and excellence were not hidden, but were generally known and highly eftimated inthe town. The in- firmities of age were borne by her with pa- tience; a long life was reviewed by her with devout admiration; and the end of it “was peace, DORSETSHIRE. Application is intended to be made to Par- Yiament for an att for inclofing the commons and wafte lands in the pariih of Stockland. Dorfetfhire—Devonfhire. Jan. }y Married.] At Winborne, Mr. Henry Sher- rin, of Beer-farm, near Langport, in Somer- fetthire, to Mifs Mary Dean, daughter .of the late Mr. John Dean, of Kingfton, near Winborne. At Iwerne-Minfter, Mr. William Stiek-~ land, to Mifs Rebecca Dominy, only daughter of Mr. John D. » At Stinsford, near Dorchefter, Mr Jofeph Highett, to Mifs.E. Harding, daughter of John H. efg. of Henley Grove, Somerfet. At Chettle, the Rev. Peter R. Rideout, fellow of Wadham College, Oxford, to Mifs Radclyffe, eldeft daughter of the late Robert R. efg. of Foxtendon Houfe, Lancathire. Died.| At Blandford, Mrs, Fitzherbert. At Weymouth, the Hon, William Pou- lett, chird fonof Earl P. anda cernet in the 13th light dragoons, 17. At Shaftefbury, Mifs Walker. DEVONSHIRE. Married.} At Plymouth, Captain Rath- bone, of his Majefty’s fhip Santa Margaret- ta, to Mifs French, youngeft daughter of J. French, efq. of Loughrea, Ireland. At Stoke, near Plymouth, Mr. Ebenezer Wilcocks, fonof fohn W. efq. banker, Ex- eter, to Mifs Hambly, daughter of the late Robert H. efq. of Plymouth. At Townftall, the Rev. Aaron Newton, of St. Mary Church, to Mifs Sarah Bond, fifter of Thomas B. efq. of Norton Houfe, near Dartmouth. At Okehampton, James Broadrick, efq. of Plymouth, to Mifs Mafon. At Exeter, Mr. George Strong, to Mifs Frances Sampfon, At Chudleigh, Lieutenant Arfcott, of the royal navy, to Mifs Hellyer. Died.) At Brixham, Mrs. Mary Dewd- ney, wife of Mr. Thomas D. baker, 32. At Tor Abbey, George Carev, efq. 74. At Plymouth, Lieutenant Richard Loud, late firft lieutenant of the Ganges, of 74 guns. At South Molton, Mrs. Elizabeth Toms, wife of the Rev. Wm. T. At Stoke Fleming, near Dartmouth, Mrs. Goodridge, widow of the Rev. George G. At Exeter, Mifs Mary Whiting.«-Mrs. Grant, widow of Mr. Benjamin G. mercer, —Mr. Henry Croffman, builder.—Mr, Wil- liam Gard, late a refpe€table watchmaker.— My, Gill, confectioner.—Mr. William Hake- well, architeét, fon of Mrs. H. glazier. —Mrs« Squier, wife of Mr. Humphry S. ironmonger. —Mr. William Sanders, baker. At Teignmouth, Richard Perriman, efq. He was bred up to the law, but ceafed to follow that proteffion for the laft three or four years, in confequence of thie acquifition of an ample fortune by the death of his un- cle. He was a man of unaffuming and inof- fenfive manners, and ever willing to render his affiftance to thofe who required it. Young and blefled with a bale conttitution, his death’ prefents to the refleQing a type of the uncer- tainty” 1806.] tainty of our period of exiftence here ; ‘and of the juftnefs of the preacher’s obfervation, that all is vanity! One day he was in the ftrength and vigour of youth, and the next a lifelefs corpfe! CORNWALL. Died.] At Fluthing, the Hon. Reginald Cocks, youngeit fon of Lord Somers. The Rev. Arundel Radford, vicar of Gwennap, and rector of Nymet Rowland, Devon. / NORTH BRETAIN. Married.] At Port Glafgow, Mr. John King, mafter in his Majefty’s royal navy, to Mifs Maria Bird, youngeft daughter. of the late Thomas Bird, efq. of the ifland of To- bago, Died] At Fleurs, in the county of Rox- burgh, William Ker, Duke and Earl of Rox- burgh, Marquis of Bowmont, Earl of Kelfo, Cefsford, and Caverton, Vifcount Broxmouth, Baron Ker, and Baron Sellenden of Rrough- ton. His grace was in the 77th year of his age; and married in 17°9 Mary, one of the daughters of Captain Bechino, of the royal navy, and niece of Sir John Smith, of Syd- ling, in the county of Dorfet, now his wi- dow, by whom he has left no ifflue. He was in pofleffion of the title and eftates not more than two years, was previoully a captaio in the guards, and received from his predeceflur an annuity of only 2001. per annum. At Drimmie Houfe, the Right Hon. Lady Kinnaird, reli& of the late Lord Kinnaird, whom fhe outlived but ten days. Her lady- fhip was the daughter of the late Griffin Ranfom, efq. of Palace-yard, We(tmintfter. On his marriage with this lady his lordthip was taken into the banking houfe of Ranfom, Morland, and Co. at which time he poffeffed only an eftate of 1O00l.a year, He is faid to have died poffeffed of property to the amount of at leaft 10,0001. per annum. At Duncee, John fobfon, fonof Mr. Ro- bert Jobfon, late cafhier to the Dundee bank ; and on the fame day, while giving orders for his fon’s funeral, the father was fuddenly taken ill, and died inthe evening. ; * "* “JRELAND. A very valuable copper mine has been found on part of the eftate of Hans Hamil- ton, efq. in the county of Dublin, which, from the prefent appearance, promifes to be very beneficial to the company who are work- ing it, andthe proprictor. At a numerous meeting lately beld by the Proprietors of the Grane Canal, for the pur- pofe of receiving the halt yearly report of the directors, on many very important fubjects ; it was ftated that the long pending negotia- tion between the corporation of the city of Dublin and the Grand Canal’ Company, is about to be amjcably terminated, by an agree- ment which appears fatistaétory, not only to the parties, but to the inhabitants of Dublin: who are thereby infured an ample fupply of water. It appears alfo by the report of the North Britain—Ireland. 587 diretors, that the difficulties which ‘had fe long impeded the opening of the Grand Canal into the River Shannon, are at length entire- ly removed, and the leakage in the banks be- yond Tullamore are completely ftaunched, fo that we may now look to a very confiderable acceffion of trade, both import and export, to that city, by the attainment of a navigable communication with the above mentioned river. But, the matter of the greateft im- portance, contained in the report, was the full and fatisfa@tory afcertainment of a valua-~ ble colliery on a diftri€t of the company’s ex- tenfive royalties in the Queen’s county, which it is the intention of the company to put into a ftate of profit immediately, by extending their canal near Athy, upon one level, to the foot of the Colliery hills, and making good roads or iron rail-ways, between the col- liery and that extenfion, Thefe colleries are doubtlefs, of material importance to the wel- fare of the company; as they will produce in the courfe of another year a very confider- able acceffion of revenue toits funds. But what makes it a matter of national coacern, is their avowed determination to open thefe collieries, on fach moderate terms as to bring the coal into general ufe; by means of the _ facilities above mentioned, in ref{peét to land and water carriage, this valuable and durable coal will be fold in Dublin, at twenty-five fhillings per ton. The indubitable proofs produced by the direétors, of the great extent and value of this colliery, and‘ the fixed des © termination exprefi2zd by them to let it to others, and not to work it themfelves, pro- duced general fatisfa€tion among the proprie- tors. Some prime famples of wleat were exhibits ed for premiums at the houfe of the farming fociety, New Sackville-fiteet, Dublin, onthe 20th of September. The jusges, having carefully examined the different parcels, agreed unanimoully in the decifion. The famples being afterwards weighed, were found to preponderate in the exact order of the adjudication, which evinced the aceuracy of the decifion. Mr, Homan produged a fmall fample of wheat, the growth of Egypt, the grain very large and full. The attempts to cultivate this {pecies of wheat, Criticum Com- pofitum, in this country, for two or three feae fons paft, have in general been unfuccefsful, the crops ufually producing a poor grain. The fickle ufed.in Cardigan, and the neighbouring counties in Walcs, thewn by Colonel Tenifon, is formed with a fharp and fmooth edge. With this implement a man is expe@ed to reap above an Englifh acre ina day. There were not any candidates for grafs feeds. The ~ {mall fpecimens of Alopecurus Pratenfis and Feftuca Pratenfis, produced by Counfellor Haughter, were fair {amples of his colleétions, which, however, were not in fufficient quan- tities, to entitle him to become a candidate. The only premium adjudged, was one of ten pounds to George Grierfon, efq. for the beit 4k2 barrel, 582) barrol, (twenty ftone) of wheat, beisg part- of a parcel of at leaft twenty barrels. Died.] At Caftle Connell, near Limerick, the Rey. Richard Roches of the Order am Sr. Dominick, late of the city of Cork, fecond fon to the late Stephen Roche John, efq. of the city of Limerick: he was a gentleman of great piety, and pofletied a moft charitable and humane difpofition. At his feat at Walworth, in the North of Treland, in his 67th year, the Right Hon. John Beresford, M.P. for the county of Waterford, uncle to the Marquis of Water- fori, apd a brother-in-law of Marquis Town- ihend, a Jord of trade and plantations, a commifiioner of the King’s revenues, tatter of wines in the port of Dublin, anda privy counfellor in Ireland. He was the fecond fon of the late Earl of Tyrone and Baronefs De LaPoer, and brother to the late Marquis of Waterford. .He was educated for the bar, and called to it, but foon forfook it for the brighter profpects which the fenate held out to. his view. His family. influence having, ‘at an early period, procured him a feat in the Houfe of Commons. he applied himfelf, with diligence, to the financial department, particularly the cuftoms, and was firft com- miffioner of the sevenue for many years. In ptivate life no man was more beloved and efteemed. His manners were pleafing and his addrefs was eiegant. He wasa kind maf- ter, a fincere friend, a good father, and an excellent hufband. Atthe age of 22 he mar- ried Anne Conftantia Ligondes, a French lady, of the family of Ligondes, of Auvergne, whole grandfather, the Count de Ligondes, a general in the French ariny at’ the battle of Blenheim, was taken prifoner, and brought to England. Here he married the Countefs of Huntingdon, a relative of the prefent dowaper Countefs Mota, mother of the Earl of Moira. The countefs having gone to France, tovk an opportunity to vilit the caf- tle of Auvergne, and there found Mademoi- felle Ligondes, her young and beautiful rela- tion, preparing toenter a convent, as a no- vice, and deftined to take the veil. Her ladyfhip foon difcovered that the lot intended for her fair friend was not her own choice, but that of her father, in conformity with the cuftom which then prevailed among the nobility, of France, to enrich the elder branches of the family by obliging the / younger to enter into rel’zious crders. The . Countefs of Moira, anxicus to refoue Made- moifelle Ligendes from her unpieafsnt fitua- tion, obtained permifion for her--young friend to accompany her to Ireland, where ber Jadyhhip incurred the violent difpleafure of the Roman Catholic clergy, for roobiag the, churchof fo feir a prize. Anathemas, denuncistions, and interdictions, were thun- desed,againtt her ladydhip and. her charge. Te was even feared an attempt would .be made tucarry her off; and, for the beiter fecurity, Mademoitelle Ligondes wes placed vader the 7 f velana. [Jan. 1, care of Lady Betty Cobbe, who refided at her fa lin’s palace. There Mr. Beresford, who was brother to Lady Betty Cobbe, had frequent opportunities of feeing this beautiful 4nd perfecuted young lady, and won her affec- tions,. Their marriage foon followed; and the caufe of the Romith church thus be- , coming hopelefs, the fury of the clergy gra- dually died away. By this amiable lady, who died in 1772, Mr. Beresford had four fons and five daughters, Marcus, his eldeft fon, was married to Lady Frances. Leefon, daughter to the firft Earl of Miltown, and died at the age of 33 years. of high eftimation, and had attained gteat practice at the Irifh bar.” Ris fecond fon is George De la Poer, Bifhon of Kilmore, and married to Frances, daughter of Gervaife Parker Bufhe, efg. of Kilfane. hird, John Claudius, married to Mifs Menzies, and late member forthe city of Dublin; and Charles Cobbe, in holy orders. His eldeft daughter, Catharine, married the Jate Henry Theophi- lus Clements, brother of the late Earl of Leitrim. Elizabeth died young. Henrietta- Conftantia, married to the late Robert Uni- acke, efq. and now to Doyne, efq. Jane, married to George, elde%t fon of Sir Hugh Hill, bare. of Londonderry ; and Ama. rintha, Pee iea. In 1774, Mr. Beres- ford married Mi{s Barbara Montgomery, fe~ _ cond daughter of Sir William Montgomery, bart. and fifter to the Marchionefs of Town= fhend, who died in 1733; by whom he had five dauehters and three fons. At Mount Pleafant, near Dublin, Dean Kirwan, the celebrated preacher.’ His diforder wasa fever, which carried him off after a few days illnefs. The numerous charita- ble inftitutions of that city will long feel and lament his lefs, Many of them owe their exiitence and profperiry to his unparal- Icled exertions, where, regardlefs of his in- firm ftate of health, to ufe the “language of Mr. Grattan, *¢ in feeding the lamp of cha-' rity, he almoftexhaufted the lamp of. life.” Endowed with talents beyond the common Jot of mankind; gifted with powers of. elo- quence which formed as it were an gra in the annals of pulpit oratory, he devoted thoie - talents and that eloquence to the fervice of his God and of the poor. yeligion, impreflive, commanding, over- whelming, vice fhrunk appalled from the refiftiefs torren:, and trembled at its own de~ formity. in the caufe of charity, energetic, -perfusfive, irrefiftible ; be turned the maftér paflions at his will, now roufed with dread, now melted with tonipatiian, whilf every bofom glowed with re-animated feeling, ard the fweet influence of benevelence throbbed in every pulfe, and poured from every eye, The charagter of his eloquence, however, in the opinion of the bei judges, was rather too declamatory: his figures were grand, but at times rather too daring ; fervidy er-in-law’s, the Archbifhop of Dub-— He was a lawyer Inthe caufe of . but his manner wag. 1808.] - fervid, and all he faid was marked by a cha- yacter of fincerity, which produced the in- tended effeé on the mind of his hearers, If he was, howeyer, tootheatrical in his gef- ture, it muft be confidered that he addreffed himfelf to a mifcel]aneous audjence, and that, in general, fuch a body of auditors are more caught by the manner than the fubftance of what they hear. He was at all times ready to exerc his great powers in forwarding the objeéts of benevolence, and the charitable in- ftitutions for the relief of our fellow fub- je&s in {relend, will, perhaps, feverely fuf- fer.by the lofs of fo able and fo zealous an advocate. This diftinguifhed ornament of the church was originally a Roman Catholic prieft, but his.good fenfe enabled him to fee the errors of Popary, and be became a zea~ lous adherent and powerful fupporter of the Proteftant faith, In his private charaéter he was not léefs efteemed and beloved than in his public capacity be was extolled and admired, He had advanced very littte beyond the me- ridian of life when the world was thus une fortunately deprived of his fervices in the caufe of ‘religion and humanity. His fune- ral was attended by’an tramenfe concourfe of the moft refpe&table citizens, including al- moft every friend to humanity and genius in Dublin. The children of the feveral cha- rity {chools walked ia proceffion ; among tl.e reft, 150 female orphans belonging to Mrs. Latouvche’s fchool, whofe caufe he fo often and fo eloquently pleaded, and who, in him, may be faid, a fecond time, to have loft a father, ‘No iefs than 1400]. was colletted ata fingle fermon preached by him for that inftitution. A full and accurate Acount of his Life and Writings appears in the volume of Public Charaéters for the current year, 7”: * DEATHS ABROAD. At New Rochelle, in America, in the 69th year of his age, Samuel Pintard, efq. former- ly a captain in his Britannic Majeity’s 25th Kegiment of foot.. He was a defcendant of the French Proteftants, who, on the revoca- tion of the edié of Nantz, fought an afylum in America from religious perfecution. Very early in life he entered a volunteer in’ She- riff’s regiment of Provincials, raifed for the defence of the frontiers of the province of New York. With the garrifon of Ofwego, which furrendered to Genera¥ Montcalm in the year 1756, he was fent 2'prifoner of war to Quebec, and from thence to France. On his exchange he obtained an enfigncy in the 2th regiment, and ferved the remainder of the war in Germany. ‘He was defperately wounded, at the battle of Minden, by the thruft of a bayonet, which pierced jult above the groin, and the difcharge of a ball, which, p2fing through his body, fhattered in its courfe the fpinal bone. Encompafled in the ftandard which he had the honour to bear, he fell, and was left for dead in the field of ac- tion. A vigorous conftitution and undaunted Spirits abies the furgcon’s ikill to effect a Deaths Abroad. 587 cure, at firft pronounced impoflible, The confequences of this dangerous wound, of which he never entirely recovered, were acutely experienced during the Jatter period of his life. Worn out with debility and in- firmity, a painful ftate of exiftence, protract- ed far beyond expectation, was at length ter~ minated, without a ftruggle and without a groan. In his private chara@fer, Captain Pin- tard poffeffed all that urbanity, franknefs, and benevolence, peculiar to the veteran long converfant in courts and camps He was beloved and refpe¢ted, and died lamented by his family and friends. His remains, convey- ed to New York, of which he was a native, were depofited in the tomb of his anceftors inthe cemetry of the French church Du St, Efprit, The Right Rev. Father Gabrie! Gruber, General of the Suciety of Jefuits. He was horn at Vienna, and entered that fociety at an early age. He diftinguifhed himfelf by his abilities in the {ciences and in the liberal arts. He pra@tifed and taught fucceffively, rhetoric, hiftory, mathematics, hydraulics, chemiftry, archite€ture, and medicine, in which he obtained the degree of Doétor. His recreations were phyfical and chemical experiments, drawing and painting. On the fuppreffion of the fociety, the Emprefs Maria Therefa took him into her fervice, and ens trufted to him the fuperintendance of thip- building at Triefte, as well as the draining of the Sclavonian and Hungarian morafies. As foon as he learned that the fociety continyed to exift in the Ruffian Empire, under the pro- tetion of the government, he joined the fociety at Polocz, where he applied himfelf to his favourite ftudies, for feveral years. Being fent to §t. Peterfburgh feveral times on the bulinefs of the fociety, he gained the efteem of their Imperial Majefties. In 1802 he was ele€ted General of the fociety, and fhewed much tranquillity and perfeverance in very arduous and trying circumitances, By his exertions the order increafed in Ruffia, and was reftored in the kingdom of Naples. — His amiable and philanthropic behaviour, and the variety and extent of his knowledge, procured him many friends, as well as the confidence and good will of men of the higheft rank, who are deeply afflicted at his death. With thofe abilities and information which form a great mind, he united the piety and virtue of a true member of a religious order. On his deceafe a writing was found, in which he nominates, purfuant to the ftatutes of the Order, the Right Rev. Father Anthony Luftig, affiftant and provincial, to govern the fociety as vicar-general, until the election of a fucceffor. Mr. Juftice Cochran, of Upper Canada; who on the 7th of Oftober, 1804, embarked at York, on Lake Ontario, in the Speedy, a government {chooner, commanded by Captain Paxton, for the purpofe of going to Newcattle, diftant go miles; where he was to have held acourt on the roth, fis fellow pallengers were $88 ‘were, Mr. Gray, the folicitor-general of that province; another gentleman of the Bar; an indian prifoner, who was to be tried for the murder of a foldier; an Indian interpreter; feveral Indian witneffes; and two young children, whofe parents, being very poor, had gone on foot to fave expence; befides a fervant of Mr. Cochran, and another of Mr. Gray. On the afternoon of the 8th, the velfel was feen within ten miles of the port, and within two of the fhore, when the wind blew violently againft her. Towards eyen- ing the gale increafed, and the veffel was feen beating away before it. The whole might was dreadfully tempeftuous, and fires were kindled on the fhore, in the hope that they might afford fome dire€lion to the fehooner; but fhe has never fince heen feen, : though diligent fearch has been made. Her binnacle, topmafts, and héncoops, were pick- ed up on the oppofite fide of the Jake; and this circumftance makes it probable that fhe _ foundered at fome diftance from the fhore, where every perfon on hoard muft have pe- sithed, By feyeral reports which haye reach- ed Halifax, it is ftated that the veflel was known not to be feaworthy; but fuch ftories, which only tend to ageravate diftrefs, thould be cautioufly received. It is certdin, how- ever, that Mr. Gray made his will before he embarked; and Mr. Cochran not haying lei- fure to do the fame, addreffed a fhort letter, on the day of his embarkation, to a gentle- mar of York, which was not to be opened, unlefS fome iatal accident fhould befal him in his voyage. in this letter he names a per- fon at Halifax, whom he thought moft pro- per, in the event of his death, to communi- cate the fad tidings to his mother; and gave directions for the fale of his property. ‘The tofs which Mr. Cochran’s family has fuftain- ed by thedeath of fuch afoa and brother is ir- reparable. ‘The country in which he refided has alfo fuftained a lo{s which will not be eafily fupplied; and the province of Halifax, which may boait of having given him birth, has been deprived of one of its proudest orna- ments. He was the eldeft fon -of the late Hon. Thomas Cochran, many years a mem- ber of his majefty's council in that province, and was born at Halifaxin 1777. Froma very eatly age, he was diftinguithed by his good fenfe, amiable difpofition, manlinefs of character, and great attention to his ftudies. He was always fond of aflociating with per- fons older than himfelf, from whofe know- ledge and behaviour he could derive improve- ment; and in confequence of this, before he was 12 years old, his mode{t and well-formed manners were held up for the imitation of all his young companions. He received mott of his education at the feminary at Windfor in that province, which has lately been endowed by the king and eftablifhed by a royal charter, He was then under the care of the Rev. Dr. Cochran, who was not related to him, but always particularly fond and juftly proud of fuch a pupil, whofe excellent character, Deaths Abroad. | ‘Can 1; grateful afteétion towards his tutor, and rifing eminence, always were, and will long con- tinue to be, fources of great pleafure and ho-~ nourable fatistaction to him, Early in 1794 he went to Quebec, where he remained more thana year, when he acquired a perfeét know- ledge of the French language, without negleéting his other ftudies; and recommend- ed himfelf there, as at every other place of his refidence, to a numerous and very refpect= able circle of acquaintance. In the follow- ing year he returned to Halifax, and failed for England; and, being intended for the Bar, became a ftudent at Lincoln’s-inn. He had not reached his 2oth year, when he was left entirely his own mafter, amid the gaiety, the diffipation, and the powerful temptations of London, and almoft without controul in his expences. But it was his peculiar happinefs, at this critical period, to obtain, yery defery~ edly the good opinion of fome eminently vir~ - tuous and valuable friends, in whofe families he paffed moft of his leifure hours, and from whofe kind advice and excellent example he derived the moft important benefit., His refpectful attection and heartfelt gratitude to thofe perions would never have been diminifh~ ed in the lateft heurg of a long life; and he has often declared that he confidered the pa- ternal regard and ftealy valuable ftriendthip of two perfons in particular, Sir Rupert George, and Mr, Parke, of Lincoln’s inn, among the mot diftinguifhed bleffings beftowed upon . him by a kind Providence. -In_ 1801 he was called to the Bar, and joined the Chefter circuit, to the members of which he was fo mucir endeared, that, when he was obliged ta leave them, they prefented him -with a very flattering and fplendid memorial of their af- fectionate regard, which he always valued very highly. In the fame year, in confe- quence of the moft honourable teftimonials of his character and qualifications, ie was ap= pointed Chief Juttice of Prince Edward Ifland, in the Gulf of St. Lawrence. Perhaps he was the youngeft Chief Juftice known in the Hiftury of England or its colonies; but a more judicious appointment has feldom heen made, as the event fully proved. Great care had been taken that his religious principles might be well and early formed; and he was always regulam and exemplary in the per- formance of his. religious duties.’ But this appointment to a fituation which he confider- ed above his years, and the death of his fa- ther, which happened very foon after, while he was on a voyage to America, greatly in- creafed the imprefiion which religion had al- ready made upon his mind. At this time he becume adevout communicant, and continued, to the hour of his death, an humble, fincere, and fervent believer in Chrift. He found the ifland to which he was appointed, like moft {mall governments, divided. by little parties 5 but his uniformly kind and aftectionate de- meanour, and his inflexible integrity as a Judge and a Legiflator, obtained tor him the relpett and efteem of all perfons. MONTHLY. . s ad 13806.] ( 5389. ) MONTHLY COMMERCIAL REPORT,: N a former number of our magazine we ftated the leading features of the difpute between’ this country and America, refpecting the alleged unwarrantable capture of their veffels. We then endeavoured to exhibit the precife nature of the complaint ; and though we might, in our unbiaffed opinion, have advocated the principles upon which the Americans pretended to regulate their commerce with the Belligerent powers, yet we are aware that their prac~| tice is replete with fraud and collufion. That the Americans fhould have availed theme felves of any opportunity to extend their trade is not furprifing, but that our government fhould fo long have tolerated’this abufe, to the injury of ayr commerce, is a ftrong proof ef the indulgence and lenity with which they have been treated, and of the unmized defire in the Britifh miniltry to cherifh and preferve the relations of amity and good faith between the two countries. In the moral charaéter of the American nation, however, there appears to be a radical defe&. Their interef%t muft be made the primum mobile of every regulation, or they can never be pleated. Their frauds and ftratagems have been dete¢ted by Spain as well as by us, and a ferious mifunderftanding is ftated to have taken place betweem them and that power: but againft the mother-country their whole vengeance is dire&ted, and a long article has appeared in the National Intelligencer (the demi-official paper of the Executive), animadverting on the injuries received from this country, and infinuating the determination of the next Congrefs to retaliate on us by levying heavy prohibitory duties on our manu- faCtures imported, and to fufpend all intercourfe with usand our dependencies. In the actual fituzt’‘on of Europe, in which every independent power has to wage a wer for exiftence againft the unprincipled and mad ambition of a military adventurer, the Amce ricans ought, as a duty they owe to civil fociety and to the caufe of liberty, which they’ affe&t to cherifh, to make cheerful factifices to the common caufe; and they ought, by a magnanimous conduct founded on principle and not on the grovelling views of temporary advantage, to avail themfelves of this opportunity of acquiring the efteem of foreign na- tions. Deffalines, the black Emperor of Hayti, has iffued a fingular decree for the regulation of the import trade of St. Domingo: eight merchants are authorized by patent to receive confignments of foreign veffels, of which five are natives, and three Americans; each of thefe patent merchants is to enjoy an equal participation of all foreign confignments, and therefore a rotation is eftablifhed, by which they receive them in turn without regard to'the diretion of the configner. Thefe merchants are alfg ordered to report to the adminiftrator of the place before a veffel fails, the value of what her carge fold for in produce, and if there is any furplus fpecie it muft be depofited in the treafury, and a receipt will be given for the value of it in produce at the market price, payable to bearer. ; ; The raw fugar market has been rather brifk, and prices fomething higher. Eatt India fagars fold higher at the laft fale than ufual, from the apprehenfion that the Company had not been very anxious in promoting the cultivation ; but as this is an article of great cone fumption, it is hoped attention will be paid to it. On the sth of january an alteration will take place in the drawbacks or bounty on fugars, as follows: on whole lumps, or loavesy- which is now 45s. and a farthing, will be 47s. 8d., being an increafe of 2s. 73d. per cwr. 3: and on baftards, or lumps or loaves broken, which is now 26s. 6d., will be 335. 14d, an increafe of 6s, 73d. per cwt American Pearl Athes, 65s. to 80s. ; Pot 465. to gs. pet swt ; Cochineal, 27s. to 30s,3 Cocoa, Grenada, sl. ros. to 6l.; Trinidad, 71. 2s, to 71. 8s.’ per cwt.; Coffee, 128s, to 170s.;, Cotton, Weft India, rs. 6d. to 28. gd. ; Georgia, 25. to 35.5 Bourbon, 2s. 6d. to 3s.—Wheat, 60s. to 78s.; Barley, 31s. to 3535 Oats, 275. to Zos 5° Flour, fine, 65s. to 70s. ; fecond, 60s. to 65s,—-Sugars, Mufcovado, 7s. to 863.5 Clayed, 76s, to 1058.; Jamaica, 68s. to 92s.; Lumps, 102s. to 1203.3 Loaves, powder, 113s. to 1248.—-Hops, bags, sl. to 71, 155.3 Pockets, sl. 16s. to gi.—Indigo, Eaft India, 8s. to 138. 6d.; Lead, in pigs, 421. at 431.5; Linfeed Oil, 421.; Turpentine Oil, 31. 163; Pitch, 145. to 18s. owt.; Saltpetre, 88s.; Clover Seed, foreign, red, 60s. to 808.; White, 603. to 90s, ; Englith, red, sos.togss.; White, 63s. togs5s.; Rape, gol. to43].per lat; German Goat Skins, 40s, to 558., and Swifs ditto, 65s. per dozen; Raw Silk, 24s. to 348.; Thrown ditto, 345. 6d. to 49s. ; Cinnamon, 7s. 3d. to 7s. 6d.; Cloves, 7s. 4d. to 7s. 6d. 5 Mace, 83s; Wutmegs, 27s. ; Ginger, 55. to 60s. ; Black ditto, $1. ros. to rol.; Brandy, 775. to 18s. 3 Hollands, 1s. 3d.; Rum, 38. to qs. 6d.; Bees Wax, Hambro and Dantzic, 17/,; Spanith Wool, 4s. gd, to 6s. gd. ; Eaft India, 503. to 719 64. : Stocks, 3 percent Confols, for opening, 62 to 62$; Bank, 195, Exchequer Bills, x peg grat. premium, 1 percent difcovat; Omnium, 74 tos. MONTHLY ari ( 590 ) : MONTHLY AGRICULTURAL REPORT. "THE early part of the preceding month was attended with much fevere weather, accofne panied, however, with fnow, which has preferved the young wheats and tares from - injury, and both crops never looked at this feafon of the year more promifing. _ Owing to the cold, and wetnefs of the paftures, the ftore {tock have been brought into the yards this winter much earlier than ufual, which will occafion an unufual diminution of fodder; and in confequence leancattie and fheep have fallen much in price at the late fairs. In Smithfield markets Beef fetches from as. to 53. per (tone of $b. ; Mutton qs. to 58. 4d.; Veal 5s. to 6s.; Pork 6s. to 7s. The feafon being tolerably dry, feeding fheep and cattle do well. The fuckling of houfe lambs is carried onwith great advantage. Poricing pigs and large ftores are much in demand, at advanced prices. Good frefh cart horfes are in requeft, and thofe proper for the army are both fcarce and dear. ’ The operation of the plough has been fomewhat impeded; but the manuring of land, hedging, and ditching, have been carried on to a great extent. _ The feed clover which has been threfhed out yields well ; as do all the varieties of grain, particularly barley and peafe. Wheat averages per quarter 76s. 2d. ; Barley, 37s. 114. 5 Oats, 27%. 4d. In Smithfield market Hay fetches from 31. to ql. 10s. per load ; Clover 31, to 51. ; Straw from 1H. Ics. tox], 159. , RY A « . METEOROLOGICAL REPORT. Obferwations on the State of the Weather from the 25th of Nowcmber, to the 24th of Decem+ ber inclufive, 1805 two Miles N.W. of St. Pauls. Barometer. Thermometer. Highet 30.39. Dec. 17, Wind N.W. | Higheft 55°. Nov. 30. Wind S.W; Loweft 23.86. Dec. 22. WindS.W. | Loweft 20°. Dec. 13 & 17. Wind N, ¢ Between the On the 3d inft. the i i F the Greate& g 65 hun- ak ka bane Greatett thermometer was no 23d and 2gth int. | asiation in >16°%. < higher than 36°, but variation ia » dredths of < (7 mercury rofe h ‘ 24 hours. an inch, from 29.00. to, 24 hours, on the next day it was up to 529. 29.65. THE quantity of rain fallen this month is equal to fomething more than two inches of depth. ‘Twice in the courfe of the prefent month the froft has been exceedingly fevere; but in the neighbourhood of the metropolis a very {mall quantity of fnow has fallen, though in more diftant parts it has been heavy, and lain for feveral dayson the ground. The average height of the thermometer for the month is 38.3. and of the barometer it is 29,723. General Summary of the State of the Weather from Chrifimas-day 1804, to Chriftmas-day 1805. . . The mean height of the barometer for the year is equal to 29.864. ; that of the ther- mometer is not guite 48°., or 2°.65.Jefs than the average height of the laft year. The’ quantity of sain fallen is equal only to25 inchés in depth, which is lefs by nine inches than fell in the year 1304, _ During the year there have been 136 days. very brilliant, tog in which there has been rain; 18in which fnow or hail have fallen; of the remaining days 46 may be reckoned cloudy, in which the fun fearcely appeared, and the other 56 may be called fair, as being partly bright.and partly cloudy. : _ The ftate of the wind has been as follows:—-20 days North, 28 South, 59 Weft, 48 Eaft, 61 North-Eaft, 31 South-Eaft, gg North-Weft, and 7qSouth-Wef. ~ The period of the new primary planet difcovered September 1, 1804, by M. Harding, in Germany, is four years four months ; inclination of its ‘orbit between 13° and 2195 its mean diftance 300 millions of miles, its eccentricity one-fourth. of its mean diftance ; afcending node 171°-6% It appears very fmall, like a telefcopic ftar of the eighth mag- nitude. : : , On the 4th of January the soon will be partially and wifibly eclipfed in the evening. The eclipfe will commence at 29 miautes paft zo: ithe/middle time will be 5§ minutes pait, 3% 5 and it will end 21 minutes after one in the morning. : *,.* The SupPLEMENTARY Numper, containing sundry Retros spects of Literature, Indexes, Ke. will appear as usual on the first gay of February. ——— a SUPPLEMENTARY NUMBER To THE TWENTIETH VOLUME or THE MONTHLY MAGAZINE. Vor. 20, No. 138.] January 31, 1806. [Price Is. 6d. HRALF-YEARLY RETROSPECT OF DOMESTIC LITERATURE. HISTORY. HE fecond and third volumes of KL ** Frorssart’s Chronicles,” from the Hafod prefs, deferve the firft notice in the clafs of hiltory. The principal cir- cumftance in which they differ from the former volume is in the plates, which are no longer given in aqua-tint, but outline. The notes and correétions {till continue to be valuable ; and the work itfelf forms an elegant acceflion to our ftores of national hiftory. a The fourth volume of the ** Hifory of the Anglo-Saxons,” by Mr. Turner, claims the next place in ourreview. ‘The three former, which were noticed long ago, comprized their civil and military hiftory ; but in this we are made acquaint- ed with them in their private life ; and their manners, laws, cultoms, poetry, re- ‘ Jigion, literature, and language, are fuc- ceflive objects of attention. Many inte- refting particulars concerning our Anglo- Saxon anceftors, which had been left un- noticed in their ancient manu(cripts, are here preferved ; and confiderable light is thrown on thofe parts of their hiftory which have been ufually deemed confuled and obicure, ‘* Some of the fubjeéts of this volume (fays Mr. Turner) have been the objeéts of zealous controverfy.”” But in thefe queftions he has difregarded all _ theory and difpute, and confined himfelf to the tafk of Rating with care and truth the faéts which he found recorded on fuch points in the Anglo-Saxon writers. On their chivalry, their laws, tenures, and atts, he bas many new and curious ob- fervations, but the portion of the work which has occupied his chief notice is their literature. About a century ago, Refearches into Saxon literature were more common than at prefent ; but its (tores were found not altogether fo attraétive as was at firft expected, andthe ftudy fell gradu. ally into dilrepwte. The Saxon Chro- nicle and Laws, Alfred’s Orofius, Bede's Ecclefiaftical Hiftory, and the Four Gol- . MostuHry Mac. No, 138, pels, wete found to be the chief works of intereft. The re(t canfifted either of ho- milies or books which might. be better read in the tongues from which they were tranflated. Mr. Turner has however fhewn, that, even from thefe, occafional notices may be gathered, highly illuftra- tive of ancient manners. Borhof the La- tin and the naive poetry of the Anglo. , Saxons he has given the belt fpecimens with which we are acquainted, fome of them from works which have been already printed, and ethers from manufcripts that had never feen the light before. The paf- fages from the Saxon are tranflated with correctnefs. Many of them tend to con- firm the high charaéter we have been fo long accuftomed to hear of the compofi- tions of King Alfred. But the beft are from the fecond Cadmon’s Paraphrafe on Genefis, who in polifh and fublimity had no competitor among the Anglo-Saxon poets. On the formation of the Anglo- Saxon language, Mr. Turner has followed the theory of Mr. Tooke. Altogether, the wark, though not without faults, is highly creditable to his talents and his in- | duitry. The fplendour and. magnificence of Queen Elizabeth’s reign has been ftrongly marked by Mr. NicHo.s, in the third vo- Jume of her ‘* Progreffes and Public Pro- ceffions.” The two firtt appeared fo long ago as 1788. It contains, befides a col- lection of her Vilits and Progrefles, a va- riety of conceits, devices, poems, fongss {peeches, orations, &c., which accompa- nied the excurfigns, or were exhibited on other occafions. Among thefe, fome are, of a graver, fome of a loofer kind ; fome, odd or hurourows, fome learned, witty, or inftruétive ; all marking a period ta, which men were emerging from the bars barity aad ignorance wherein they had long bren held both by the church and ftate. Theve are likewile fome documenta relating to the unfortunate Lady Jane Grey, who for a tew days. poflefled the 4F thadow, ea 594 Retrofpect of Domeftic fhadow of royalty ; and the volume con- cludes with {ome of the early progreffes of James. “‘ The Hiftory of Egypt, from the ear- lief? Accounts of that Country till the Ex- pulfion of the French from Alexandria in the Year 1801. By James WILsON, D.D.” Egypt has been fo long viewed as a Jand of wonders, that we cannot im4gine a title more attractive than one that fhall afford “a promife of its hiftory. Its early renown for power, wealth, and f{cience ; the ftu- pendous works of art with which it is ’ adorned ; the various revolutions which have laid it wafte ; and the degeneracy of its prefent inhabitants; are fubjeéts too ftriking to leave a flight impreffion on the mind.» With Dr. Wilfon’s hiftory, how- ever, we cannot fay we were delighted. Having flightly defcribed the fituation and extent of Egypt, its ancient inhabitants, their hieroglyphics, arts, and {ciences, he proceeds with the remoteft annals of the country. In this portion of the work much muft, of courfe, re(t upon conjec- ture. Sefoftris the Second, he obferves, would not be deferving of our notice, if it were not to fuggeft the probability that, while he was upon the throne, the oppreff- ed-Ifraelites departed from Egypt ; five generations next fucceed, during which no government is fpecified ; and even the pillage and profanations of Cambyfes are pafled over in a manner too rapid to fatisfy the moft curfory reader. The firft vo- lume comprizes the hiftory of Egypt till its entire conqueft by Auguftus; the fecond extends from the time when it became a Koman province to the fall of the Borgite dynafty ; and the third from the com- mencement of the Ottoman dynafly to the furrender of Alexandria to the Englifh. While conjetures on the formation of the Delta ; the height of the Nile during the inundation , the Natron lakes ; the cities, towns, and villages, of Egypt; Cleopa- tra’s needles ; Pompey’s pillar ; the trade ’ and commerce of Egypt; its prefent in- habitants ; their drefs, manners, difeafes, Janguage, and religion ; all form topics of inquiry at the conclufion. Altogether, the hiftory of Egypt teems to have been too haftily compiled ; we are rarely made ac- ‘quainted with the authorities whence the principal materials are drawn ; and its fiyle is very far below that which the fo- ber dignity of hiltory requires. Of a minor kind, and of courfe de- gerving a lefs extended notice, is ** 4 short Account of the Settlement, Produce, and a Literature.—Hiftory. Commerce, of Prince of Wales Ifland, in the Straits of Malacca, by Sir GEORGE Leira, Bart." Though fhort, it is fa- tisfactory, and comprizes every important particular that either the politician or the general reader can with to be made ac- vainted with. Since Talleyrand has been fo great an actor not only in the French Revolution, but in all the fubfequent fcenes of tyranny which have marked the hiftory of his country, we fhall not feruple to place the “© Memoirs” which have appeared of, him, by the emigrant author of the Revolu- tionary Plutarch, in the clafs of hiftory. The atrocities, however, which are afcribed to him, are fo numerous, and the inftances even of early depravity fo incredible, that we cannot but inquire by what authorities the author has fup- ported his affertions ; and when we find that in many inftances he has no better , grounds for them than thofe which were afforded by defamatory pampbleis in the moft turbulent part of the French revolu~ tion, we can only pity his credulity for relying on fuch authorities, and condemn his work as an infult on che judgment of the public. ‘V'alleyrand may be vicious, he may be crafty, his mind may be pol- luted by the wort vices that can difgrace humanity, and yet ke will not be half the monfter he is here reprefented. Luft, murder, rapine, and apoftacy, are far from being the ftrongeit features of the pi€ture. If the only object of the work is to excite an abhorrence in ifs readers againft the prefent Government of France, we are forry that the writer fhould adopt no bet- ter means: better were undoubtedly be- fore him. “© The Female Revolutionary Plutarch” is confeffedly by fame author as the ** Me~ moirs of Talleyrand ;°° but the ‘* Anec- dotes of the Cabinet of St. Cloud” are only fuppofed to be fo. tents are of a nature fo fimilar to the «© Memoirs of Talleyrand,”’ that the fame character, with a few modifications, will apply tothem. Such, ard fo delofive and inflaming, are the reprefentations of inte- refted emigrants. * A work of a curious and interefting kind difplays itfelf in the following title : “* Hiftorical Fragments of the Mogul Em- pire, of the Morattoes, and of the Englifh Concerns in Indoftan, from the Year 1659 3 Origin of the English Eftablifbment and of the Company's Trade at Broach and Surat ; and a General Idea of the Government and People of Indofian, By RosERY ORME.”* The ‘Their con- Ee Retrofpect of Domeftic Literature.—Political Economy, &e. 595 ‘The credit Mr. Orme gained by his former works in illuftration of the hittory of In- doftan, has prepared the way for a favour~ able reception to any thing he may now write upon the fubje&. The fragments of the Mogul Empire, which form a large portion of the prefeitt volume, are but the republication of a former work, though now amended and enlarged. The fecond article mentioned in the title, on the trade at Broach and Surat, is another fragment, comprizing a period from 1608 to 1616. It is written ina fimple ttyle, difplays refearch, and affords a good {pe- cimen of hiftorical inquiry which might have been carried farther. But the third article, on the government and people of Indoftan, is a traét that will be long ac- knowledged to poffefs {uperior merit. It was drawn up fo long ago as 1752, and contains views which elucidate the go- vernment and character of the people of Indoftan with an accuracy and a fpirit of inveftigation that has never been furpaffed. The particulars are too intricate to be en- tered into here. We fhall content our- felves with prefenting to our readers a ftrong recommendation of the work. The eleventh and twelfth volumes which have now appeared, complete Mr. Bewtsuam’s ** Hiffory of Great Britain,” and bring it to the conclufion of the Trea- ty of Amiens. The eleventh volume opens with the fpeech from the throne at the commencement of the feffion of parliament in the autumn of 1798. It may be fufficient to give a general notice of Mr. Barre’s ** Rife and Fall of Boneparte’s Empire in Franee.’ Mts rife we have feen; but, under recent circum- ftances, its fall does not appear fo obvious. Mr. Barré may perhaps have truth on his fide for many of the anecdotes which he relates ; but they are told with fuch an overflow of zeal, and in fuch a fpirit of hoftile rancour, that we are confident few will read them without doubting their au- thenticity. Such writers injure the caufe they would defend. Mr. Avams’s ** New Hiflory of Great Britain from the Invafion of Fulius Cafar to the prefent Time,” is anabridgment, the pian of which we readily approve. In regard to execution it has many errors. POLITICAL ECONOMY, POLITICS, &c. In Lord LiverPoou’s * Treatife on the Coins of the Realm, in a Letter to the King,” the true principles of coinage are explained and elucidated, the errors for- merly committed in this country pointed out, and the belt methods of preventing fuch evils for the future fuggeted. In fome of the earlier pages the hiitory of the law of this kingdom, as it concerns the royal prerogative of iffuing and regulating coin, is clearly and precifely ftated ; and the manner in which the prerogative has been exercifed is given fin a fhort hiftory of the coins them(felves. The purfuit of this latter objet has led Lord Liverpool into an extenfive range ; and the various alte- rations and debafements at fucceflive pe- riods, and their milchievous or falutary confequences, have dilated the treatife to am extraordinary, though not an injudi- cious length. The better to underitand the changes that have taken place in the coins, an account of the weights made ufe of at the mintare accurately fated. The pound weight which was made ufe of in the mints till the 18th of Henry VIJI. for weighing gold and filver, he ob/erves, was the Tower-pound, or what is called the moneyer’s-pound ; it was lighter than the pound troy by three-quarters of an ounce; and had been ufed from the period of the Saxons to the time we have already ftated, when its ufe was forbidden by Henry VIII., and the troy- pound introduced ins ftead, which has been ever fince the ftand- ard in the royal mints. The fimple fyf- tem of coinage by which the pound in tale was made equal to the pound in weight, from the time of William the Conqueror to Edward I., is next ftated ; during the whole of which, pennies were the higheft denomination of our filver coin. Edward J., in his 28th year, was the’ firt who debafed them. After this Lord Liverpool proceeds to give an ac- count of the fucceffive debafements made in our coins ; and deems it proper to ob- ferve, as a preliminary, that coins may be debafed in three different ways. Firft, by diminifhing the quantity or weight of the metal of a certain ftandard, of which any coin of a given denomination is made. Secondly, by raifing the nominal value of coins of agiven weight, and made of a metal of a certain ftandard ; that is, by making them current, or legal tender, at a higher rate than that at which they pafled before. Thirdly, by lowering the ftandard or finenefs of the metal of which coins of a given weight and denomination are made ; that is, by diminifhing the quantity of pure metal, and proportionally increafing the quantity of alloy, In con- formity with thefe three methods, the fuccefhive debafements of our coins are re- gularly arranged, and a hiftory, as it were, of the Englifh coinage introduced, no lefs entertaining than inftrugtuve. Witl 4Pa our 506 Retrofpect of Domeftic Literature.—Political Economy, es our numifmatic antiquaries the account of the gold pennies of Henry III., at p. 33, will bear a high degree of iatereft. After a ftatement of the different alterations, the motives are induftrioufly canvafied which appear to have influenced the minifters by whofe advice they were made, and the fovéreigns by whofe commands they were executed ; finally obferving that the Go- vernment of England has in general com- mitted fewer errors in regulating their coins than that of any other coustry of Europe. The debafements of the coins of this kingdem have been lefs frequent and in a lefs degree. Thefe different ftatements, however, form but the ground- work of the treatife. Having fhewn the variouserrors committed by our anceftors, and the ill-confequences that refulted from them, Lord Liverpool proceeds with feve- ral ca)culations to which it feemed necef- fary to refort; and having reverted to the principles of coinage ftated in an early portion of the letter, propofes the eftablifh- ment of a more perfect monetary fy{tem in future; endeayouring to prove, Firtt, That the coins, which are to be the prin- cipal meafure of property, ought to be made of one metal only. Secondly, of what metal the coins of this kingdom, which are to be the principal meature of property, ought to be made. And, Thirdly, upon what principles the coins of the other metals ought to be made. Illuftrating the whole by the faéts which had been related in the hiltory already mentioned. The refult of this tull cont- deration of fo exienfive, abftrufe, and in- tricate a fubject, is too copious to be ad- mitted bere. It is obferved by Lord Li- verpool, that in a couniry like Great- Bri- tain, fo diftinguifhed for its affluence, and for the extent of its commercial connec- tions, the gold coins are the beft adapted to be the principal meafure of property ; that they fhould be made as perfect, and be kept as perfect as puflible; and that even the charge of fabrication thould not be taken from them. That where the funstion of the gold-coins as a meature of property ceafes, there that of the filver fhould begin; and that where the func- tion of the filver coins in this refpect ceales, there that of the copper fhould be- gin; and that from theft interior coins the charge of workmanthip may be very fairly taken. The charge of coining filver be. ing much greater than that of gold 5 in- deed fo great, that the public ought not to bear it, unlefs it can be fhewn that fome great public advantage wouid be de- pived from is, Tbe new fyftem of coin- age propofed by his Lordthip is too long to be entered into minutely here. It is perhaps fufficient to fay, that a fyftem confonant in its principles in a certain de- gree, exilts at the prefent moment. The exportation of coins in payment of com- mercial balances is another objeét of con~ cern ; and the principal evils of the lower fort of paper currency by country-bankers are pointed out with confiderable judg- ment. ‘¢ The {tate of the paper-currency of this country (he obferves), in its man- ner and extent taken together, is without an example in the hiftory ef mankind.’* We have received great pleafure from the perufal of the treatife, and recommend it with confidence to the beft attention of our readers. Mr. Hunver’s * Sketch of the Politi- cal State of Europe at the Beginning of Fe- bruary 1805,” contains many fenhble and ufeful obfervations. He juftifies our re- newal of the war with Bonaparte, But a work of higher intereft is the “ Obfervations on the Prefent State of the Highlands of Scotland ; with a View of the Caufes and probable Confequences of Emigration,” by the Earl of SELKIRK. The overthrow of the military fyftera which prevailed in the highlands previous to the rebellion of 1745, gave rife to a re- volution in that of landed property. The chieftains of the country ceafed to be pet- ty monarchs ; and’as their attachment to their fubordinate Gependants wore away, their fucceflors thought lefs of the perfo. nal fervice’ their tenantry might afford them, than of the better advantage to which they might turo the produce of their eftates. During the operation of a change which has now become fo general in the highiands, much individual diftrefs muft have been fuffered ; and means of liveli- hood totally different to their former de- pendance, fought for by thofe to whom the new fyftem is found moft injurious. “Toey who remove from their native fpot, Lord Selkirk obferves, have but two pro- f{peéts to make choice of, the wages of manufacture in the low-country of Scot- land, or the acquifition of land in abfolute property in Aunerica: of which the lat- ter is by far the belt fuited to the habits and inclinations of the Highlanders. For this, and other reafons of a fronger kind, emigration forms a neceflary part of the general change; and it appears to be Lord Selkirk’s motive in this valuable work to direct the attention of the Legif- Ja:ure toward fecuring the emigrants to eur own colonies ; hitherto, in their emi. grations they have been abandoned to themfelves 5 " Retrofpee? of Domeftic Literature.— Political Economy, Sc. 597 themfelves : and it is his Lordfhip’s with that fome ftrong encouragement fhould be held out by Government to induce the Highlanders to change the courfe of their _€migration ; and he reafons that it might be done without any increale to the fpirit of them. With thefe views and imprel- fions, at the clofe of the late war, Lord Selkirk became not only a theoretical but @ prastical colonift, and eftablifhed a {mall body of Highland emigrants on Prince Edward’s Ifland, near the coaft of Nova- Scotia, where, that nothing might be wanting to enfure fuccefs to his experi- ment, he attended the pianting of the co- lony himfelf. In the clofing chapter of his work he has related in the moft (enfible and candid manner the various obftacles he met with, the principles he adhered to, and the happy progrefs of his exertions, The impolicy of endeavouring, by law, to prevent the emigrations of the High- landers, is fet forth in the moft ftriking and impreflive manner ; and a line of con- dué, not merely fpeculative, drawn, the greateft advantage of which can only be derived by the interference of the Govern- ment. Lord Selkirk deferves the thanks ‘ef the community. Among the political works of an infe- rior-nature we rank the ‘* Remarks on the probable Conduét of Ruffie and France to- swards this Country.” , It contains very little either of ftrong reafoning or novel information. Mr. CocxBurn’s © Differtation on the bef Means of Civilizing the Subjeéts of the Britifh Empire in India,” which ob- tained Mr. Buchanan’s prize at Cam- bridge, we confefs difappointed us in the erulal. Mr. Rose’s ** Ob/ervations on the Poor Laws, and on the Management of the Poor in Great Britain,” are well entitled to the confideration of all who enter into one of the moft difficult problems of government. The laws both of this country and Scot- land relating to the quetlion, are entered into with confiderable care, and a variety of the moft important points conneéted with the fubject carefully examined ; but Mr. Rofe’s principal objeét is rather to excite the labour and attention of ochers, than to enter himfelf into an ample dif cuffion. The fame reafons which induced us to forego any mention of the different pam- phlets on Lord Melville’# cafe are (till in force ; and we again refer for their titles to the Monthly Catalogue. ‘The poetry it has given rile to is wn no inftance de- ferving of the name. “¢ War in Difeuife, or the Frauds of Neutral Flags,” is a work very ably writ- ten ; though we confefs we cannot fee the foundnefs of all the principles on which it has been grounded. The trade carried on between France and her Welt-India pof- feffions in neutral bottoms,, cannot be fo great as the prefent writer {tems to ima- gine. He recommends a line of conduét more rigorous than found policy would probably direct. i “* A Concife Account of the Commerce and Navigation of the Black Sea, from recent and authentic Information,” appears ta have been written under the impreflion that France, among her cther intentions of agbrandizement, has it in view to engrofs the commerce of it to herfelf 5 and, with- out confidering whether we have not bet ter channels for our trade at prefent, re- commends it to the attention of Great- Britain. Since our notice of Mr. Rosk’s work already mentioned, we have feen an ** Outline of a Plan for reducing the Poors’- Rate, and amending the Condition of the Aged and Unfortunate ; including thofe of the Naval Department, by Joun BONE,” ina Letter, occafioned by the ‘ Obfer- vations.” His remarks on the defe& of our prefent fyftem are unqueflionably good ; and he has fuggelfled a few ideas toward the formation of another. Mr. Piayrair has publifhed % dz Inquiry into the Caufes of the Decline and Fall of Powerful and Wealthy Nations : defigned to fhew how the Frofperity of the Britifh Empire may be prolonged.” It is difficult to give a jultidea of the work in fo concife a way as we could wifh. We fhall only obferve, that Mr. Playfair ap- pears to have confidered his fubject with a deep attention, His work is accurate, and replete with curious intelligence. The conduét of Great Britain toward Spain has been Jately defended by Mr, Macceop in “¢ A Revier of the Papers on the War with Spain.” It is written but indifferently, and its arguments are not fo ftrong as the fubject led us to ex-- pect. “©The Horrors of the Negro-Slavery exifting in our Weft-Intia Iflands, demon- ftrated from Official Documents recently prefented to the Houfe of Commons,” The occafion fur which this valuable pamphlet was written, is now gone by. Here and there perhaps fatts and arguments may be too highly coloured. But whenever the fubjeét of the flave-trade fhall be again brought forward, we have no queftion it will be relorted to. . THEOLOGY, 598 THEOLOGY, MORALS, AND ECCLESI- ASTICAL AFFAIRS. ! At the very front of this enumeration we place ‘* Lhe Chriftian Syflem unfolded, in a Courfe of Practical Effays on the prin- cipal Doétrines and Duties of Chriftianity, by THoMas Ropinson ;” prefenting ipan orderly feries of diftinét parts a com- prehenfive body of theological inftruction, The unremitting labour and difcrimina- tion of Mr. Robinfon as a divine, are confpicuous throughout; and we are confident that his work will not only be acceptable to common readers but to the clergy. Mr. Innes, of Dundee, has publithed 6 A Summary View of the leading Doc- trines of the Word of God, defigned chiefly Jor the Benefit of thofe who propofe for the jfirft Time to join a Chrifttan Church.” It is written in a fimple and perfuafive ftyle ; and as it has been entered at Sta- tioners’-Hall, is probably intended to circulate in London. Dr. Less, in his work oh ** The Au- thenticity, uncorrupted Prefervation, and Gredibility, of the New Teftament,’ has delivered his fentiments in a compreffed form ; and though he has taken much from Dr. Lardner’s Hiftory, has endea- voured to confine himfelf to fuch proofs only as appeared to preclude the poffibi- lity of cavil. His work is divided into two books ; the firft on the internal evi- dence of Chriftianity, and the fecond on its eftablifhment and propagation ; form- ing together a work of much intrinfic value. It is the object of Mr. JERNINGHAM’s eflay on ‘* The Dignity of Human Nature,” to prove that man, after the fall, funk, not into a guilty, but an imperfect ftate ; ado@rine which we fuppofe the pride and felf-fufficiency of fome of his readers will lead them to adopt. We cannot recommend “ The Plain Man's Epifile to every Child of Adam,” It is true it is written in a manner both popularand perfuafive, but prefenis only a gloomy and fuperttitious view of the di- vine nature and difpenfation. “« A Letter to. a Country Clergymanon the Subje of Methodifn’’ preients but one fide of the piéture. The tendency of ‘* Difcurfory Confidera- tions on St. Luke’s Preface, and other Cir- cumftances of his Gofpel, in Three Letters trom a Country Clergyman,” is to eftablith the infpiration of St. Luke ; and the re- fult of the Inquiry feems to be, that though he does not declare himfelf to have beena difciple of Chrift, or an cye-witnels Retrofpelt of Domefiic Literature. Theology, ©. of his miniftry, yet that he claims for his Gofpela certain degree of high and origi- nal authority, which involves an intima- tion that he was an eye-witnels of many even of the principal fats he has re- corded, 7 Mr. Carn’s work on ‘* The Rife of the Papal Power” is ably written, but on the principles of high-church. ‘© An Inquiry whether the Defeription of Babylon contained in the Eighteenth Chap- ter of the Revelations agrees perfectly avith Rome as a City,’ by GRANVILLE SHARP, is acurious publication. It is referred to mean modern Rome, and her corrupted Church wherever it extends. “ The Deftruction of Ferufalem an ab- folute and irrefiftible Proof of the Divine Origin of Chriftianity,"’ is the title of a very pious, ttriking, and impreflive pam- phlet. Mr, Fertowes’s “ Brief Treatife on Death, philofaphically, morally, and prac- tically confidered,”” is a found production 5 and though his ideas have little that is , novel, he has exprefled them with confi- derable addrefs. Mr. BurGu’s ‘ Attempt to adapt Sa~ cred Hiftory to the Capacitzes of Children,’* though well intended, is flight and infuf- ficient 5 a little care might eafily improve it. Had we been well pleafed with, we fhould have taken an earlier notice of Mr. Burton's * Refearches into the Phrafe- ology, Manners, Hiftory, and Religion, of the ancient Eaftern Nations, as illufirative of the Scriptures, and into the Accuracy of the Englifo Tranflation of the Bible.” Thefe refearches are little more than fe- lef&tions, with occafional original addi- tions by the author. He is not’ the firft commentator to whom we have recom- mended revifal. Mr. Regeves’s ** Propofal of a Bibles Society for diftributing Bibles on a new Plan,” deleryes our commendation. In- ftead of giving them in their prefent form in a bad print and worfe paper, he would have them fuch as fhould, from their very outward appearance, attraét the notice of the poffcflors of them ; fuch as fhall fur- pafs, both in price and figure, every other volume in the poor man’s library. Among the publications of a wild clafs we may reckon the ‘¢ Letters of St. Paul the Apofile, written before and after his Converfion, tranflated from the German of Joun Caspar LavaTer,’'—an exercife of imagination which can hardly be ac- counted tox by fober realon. What could be the motive for fuch an under- 4 taking Retrofpee? of Domeftic Literature.—Natural Hiftory, Se. 599 taking we know not. All we know is, that they are as unlike the writings of the Apoftle as the writings of the Apoftle are unlike the Phyfiognomy of Lavater. We hardly know whether we may here mention generally the pfeudo ‘* Prophe. cies” Vifions, and vague Commentaries, of Joanna Sourucorrt and her follow- ers, than which few more ridiculous rhap- fodies have been ever feen. Attonifhing, the pamphlets on the fubje&t have been numerous. The ‘+ Spital Sermon’? of the Rev. C. V. Le Grice, preached before the Lord Mayor, &c., at Chrift-Church, Newgate- ftreet, is a molt eloquent difcourfe. It breathes the pure fpirit of Chriltianity, and is altogether one of the fineit {pecimens of pulpit-oratory which in recent times has iffued from the prefs. On the vaft body of Sermons which have been publifhed, there are few whofe features feem fulficiently predominant to diftinguifh them from the common mafs, Among the beft of the fingle fermons we may reckon Mr. BREWSTER’s on ** The Reftoration of Family Worfhip;” Dr. Hact’s on the laft talt-day ; Mr. Bip- DULPH’s before the Society for Miffions to Africa and the Eaft; and Mr. Bur- LER’s on “* The Ufe and Abufe of Reajfen in Matters of Faith.’ The generality of thofe which remain unnoticed are plain, pious, and impreffive; and very frequent- Jy it will be found their morality is far fuperior to their execution, Of the fermons which have appeared in volumes we can recommend ftill more. Sir Wittiam Moncrizrr WELL- Wo0oD’s have more of novelty and inge- Nuity than we ufuaily meet with in popu- Jar difcourfes, and the fubjects are will chofen. Dr. Munxnousr’s, ** On Occa/fional Subjecs,”” have till higher merit. The third and fourth volumes of Mr. GivPin’s “ Sermons to a Country Con- gregation” are plain, but interefting ; and though the latter is pofthumous, it by no means detracts from the reputation he had before obtained. Mr, Farrer’s “ Sermons on the Mi/- Jin and Charafer of Chrift, and on the Beatitudes,” at the lecture founded by Mr. Bampton, ave written in a plain equable ftyle. The ermons are of gene- ral import, and though we fee nothing in them very new, there is very little we would with to difcommend. NATUKAL.HISTORY. Our lait retrofpeét contained fo copious an enumeration of works on the intereft- ing fubjeéts of Natural Hiftory and Phy- fics, thae thofe we have to notice in the prefent are proportionably few. Dr. Smitu’s ** Exotic Botany’’ is one of the moft curious. It confilts of coloured figures and {cientific defcriptions of fuch new beautiful or rare plants as are worthy of cultivation in the gardens of Britain; with remarks on their qualities, hiftory, and requifite modes of treatment. Intro- ducing to the curious cultivator plants worthy of his acquifition from alk parts of the globe, ard inftruéting thofe who have correfpondents abroad what to in- quire for. The defcriptions are by Dr. Smith, the figures by Mr. James Sowerby. Affifted as thefe gentlemen are by the firlt naturalifts in the country, the future parts of their work are not likely to bedeftiiute of good materials. Itis publifhed month- ly, and eleven numbers are completed : forming a colleétion of exotic botany move valuable than any which has hitherto ap- peared, either in this or any other country. The moft curious plant defcribed in the firft numbers is, perhaps, the ‘* hymea elegans,” a native of New Holland. It may be enough to add that the plates are elegant, and the delcriptions clailical. “© The Principles of Botany, andof Ve- getable Phyfology,” trom the German of Profeflor WILDENOW, is another, though not equal to Dr. Smith’s in point of ime- rit. What relates to the terminology, claf- Siffication, and #omenclature ot plants will be found highly ulfeful to the fludenc, Buton the phyfiology of vegetables the Profeflor’s obfervations are nut enly cons tufed, but erroneous. Dr. SkrimMsHIRE’s “ Series of Efjays, introductory to ibe Study of Natural Hij- tory,” ave uitended for young, rather than advanced readers. We are aftaid that on miveralogy he is too thort to be of fer- vice, “© Werneria; or short Charafers of Earths: with Notes according to the Im- provements of Klaproth, Vauquelin, and Hany,” by TEXRRA FiLius; is a firangd attempt to teach mineralogy in vellcy The terms of that entertaining and ime proving fludy were never before fhown to fo much diladvantage: nor veife more’ awkwardly applied. f TOPOGRAPHY AND ANTIQUITIES. So little bas been contribu.ed toward a general biflory of Yorkthire, that we rea dily welcome any work which may add to our mateials, Mr. WHiTAKiR’s “ Hi/- tory 2 aoe 600 Retra/pect of Domeftic Literature.—Topography and Antiquities, tory of the Deanery of Craven,” is the moft valuable topographical publication we have of late years teen; and poffefles every quality which in fuch a work can prove attractive, either to the antiquary er the general reader. Could we fay as much for Dr. MiLLer’s ‘* Doncaffer”’ we fhould be glad: his opportunities in refpeét to local information feem to have been great, but in the acquirement ef ma- éerials from ancient and original docu- ments he does not feem to have been fuc- cefscul. *< The anctent Cathedral of Cornwall bifforically furveyed,” by Dr. Wuita- KER, is another curious work. Its fubjeé may, at firft fight, feem confined; but Dr. Whitaker has fo blended it with the civil and domeftie niltory of former pe- yiods, and bas drawn information from fo many fources, both in this country and others, that the reader hardly conceives he is perufing the hiftory of a fequeftered church. Striétly fpeaking, perhays a Jarge portion of the work has but little reference to St- Germain’s ; but the anec- dotes detailed have been- gathered with fuch afliduity and judgment, and are de- tailed with fuch fpirit and effect, that eandour will readily excufe them. Dr. Whitaker’s obfervations on our anciént architecture, in the firft volume, carry with them a highdegvee of interett. But in the topographical clafs we muft not omit an early notice of the fecond and third volumes of Mr. Matcoum’s *¢ Londinium Redivivum.’ His inform- ation, with very few exceptions, is {e- lected from original fources. Stow, Maitland, Northouck, and Pennant, had gone before him; and he feems to have preferred forming a repofitory of mate- rials to the publication of a regular hi tory. By fay the moft interefling portions of the /econd volume are thofe which re- late to the inns of court, and Pater-nofter Row. Thedefcription of St. Andrew’s, Jolborn, parifh, bas much to: intereft : and Mr. Malcolm has obtained a large portion of novel information in regard to Ely Place ; though the account of the Bri- tih Mufeum, to whofe ftores Mr. Mal- colm is indeb ed for the moft valuable of the anecdotes which give an intereft to his Wok, is meagre in the extreme. The moft curious part of the third volume is that which concerns the hiftory of Sr. Paul’s cathedral, in which a variety of particulars occur fupplementary to Sir William Dugdale. For the purpofe of elucidating thefe Mr. Malcolm’s oppor- tunities were very great; and he, in courfe, makes due acknowledgement for the indulgences permitted to him by the dean and chapter. He has brought to light.a variety of particulars relating to their ancient chantries; and fome remark. able documents which evince the injuitice of the crown, at a former period, in the feizure of their lands. Nor, while fearch- - ing the archives, did he negleé&t inquiring into the hiftory of the ancient ftruéture. ** T have feen,”” he fays, “ in the records of the church a long roll of parchment, which is the year’s account of Richard de Sayé, matter of the works for 1326. The fum total is 72/. 18s. 2d. ; and the carpenters received then 4d. sd. and 6d. per day.” The‘proceedings of Inigo Jones, and the extraéts from the books of the mafter workmen under Sir Chriftopher Wren are important appendages. The account of the Savoy hofpital is given in a valuable original hiftory, compiled by the receiver-genera!l of the duchy of Lan- cafter; and though we cannot praife its, elegance, we can allow due credit for its accuracy. The matter, however, which’ both thefe volumes contain, is too multi- farious to be completely noticed here, The extraéts from parifh regifters are by far too indifcriminate and numerous. Mr. Malcolm’s ttyle, to fay the leaft of it, is clumfy: and though, as a mals of curious information, we commend his work, we cannot always praife his judgment. “ The Architefural Antiquities of Great. Britain difplayed, in a Series of Select Engravings, reprefenting the mojt beauti-. Sul, curious, and interefting Ancient Edi- Jices of this Country; with an biftorical and defcriptive Account of each Subje,** by Joun BritTon. Parts I. and If. | The grandeur of effect which accom. panied all the buildings of our Gothic architects, has given a charm to almoft every thing that touches on their hiftory. Without recognizing rules, they recon- ciled folemnity with lightnefs ; and cons trived a ftyle whofe operation on the hu- man mind was far greater than any which the refinement of the Grecian architects could poffibly produce. It is not, how- ever, to this fiyle alone that Mr. Britton has confined himfelf. He goes back to the mode of building which was adopted from the Romans, and comes forward to the baftard ftyle of Henry the E:chth’s time. The firft part comprizes views of St. Botolph’s Priory, Colchefter ; the priory. church at Dunftaple, in Bedfordhhire ; the abbey church at Abingdon, and the gate-houfe of Layer Marney Hall, in Effex, The fecond part, however, which | ig, Retrofpe of Domeftic Literature.—Claffical Literature. fis confined to King’s College Chapel, is certainly the beft : for the letter-prefs of the firft number feems to have been pre- pared for the aztiquary rather than the architect. The plates are unqueltionably good ; but in the text we have found little information of importance that is entirely new tous. For the fake of the engrav- ings we ftrongly recommend the work. From a work with fuch a promifing title as *¢ The Hiffory of Chichefier ; interfperfed with various Notes and Obfervations on the early and prefent State of the City, the moft remarkable Places in its Vicinity, and the County of Suffex in general. With an Appendix, containing the Charters of the City at three different Times; alfo an Ac- count of all the Parifbes in the County, their Names, Patronage, Appropriations, Value in the King’s Books, Firfi-Fruits, Gc. By ALEXANDER Hay,”’ we were led to ex- pect more than we found performed, Though we readily confefs that, in an- other fenfe, we found more performed than we expected. They who have a local intereft in perufing it, will probably re- ceive more pleafure from the clofe than the beginning of the work: for our own part, we confider that the inhabitants of Chichelter might have had the hiftory of their city detailed to them ata lower price. There are fome chapters in which Chi- chefter bas no more an appropriate in‘ereft than Brecknock or Plymouth. Such is too frequently the cafe with our modern topographical produétions, Mr. Yares’s ‘ Illuftration of the Mo- naflic Hiftory and. Antiquities of St. Ed- mund’s Bury,” isa work which has been long expetted: at prefent, the firft part only is before us, but if from that we may form our judgment, the antiquarian reader will not be difappointed in its exe- cution. The early notices of Bury it appears are obfcure, and only clear with the hiftory of the abbey. The fecond chapter of the work is principally occu- em by the hittory of Eaft Anglia, the aft of whofe fovereigns was the royal faint and martyr, Edmund. The life of Edmund is the next topic of enquiry ; and if we have any fault to find with Mr. Yates, it is that he -has detailed it with more prolixity than was neceflary to his purpofe ; and he-has perhaps entered too deeply into the minute details of Saxon hiftory. For the account of the abbey at a later period Mr. Yates’s materials were numerous, and he had probably more trouble in the compreffion of them than in their acquirement. The number of Bury regifters, we believe, which have MonTuiy Mac, No. 138, 601 efcaped the ravages of time, is greater than has fallen to the lot of moft of our monattic inftitutions ; yet though he has confulred thefe occafionally as the mot authentic and confiderable fources of in- formation, he has not. crowded his work with extracts from them. He has endea- voured to fele& and arrange the multi- farious and detached intelligence he ob- tained, with as litrle repetition as poffible of fimilar circumftances ; condenfed the whole, and given a chronological fuccef fion of hiftorical events ; affording at tha fame time a comprehenfive view of mo- nattic eftablifhments, officers, habits, and employments, as applicable to other reli. gious houfes as to St. Edmund’s Bury. Two volumes of a new edition of the “© Effay towards the Hiftory of Norfolk 5 by FRanCis BLOMEFIELD,”’ have ap- peared in progrefs, The original work, which at prefent brings a molt extraor- dinary price, was publifhed in folio; and why the prefent fhould be printed in an oftavo fize we do not know. The only novelty in the new edition is a portrait, 6‘ copied from an old print, originally painted as the portrait of ancthcr perfon, but preferved and highly valued by the late Mr. Thomas Martin, as a ftriking likenefs of the Norfolk topographer. CLaSSICAL LITERATURE. At the head of the books in this clafs we fhall place the ‘* Clafical Dictionary,” by Dr. Lemprigre; the fourth edition of which, in an improved and an extended form, has lately been given to the world. Nor muft we deny an early notice to the ** Greck Odes,” for Mr. Buchanan’s prize, by Mefirs. PRyME and RENNELL =: though not entirely free from defects, both of them have general merit. Mr. Pryme is a bachelor of Trinity College, Cam-_ bridge; Mr. Rennell but a {cholar at Eton. ; The Cambridge prize-poem, on ‘ The Death of the Duke d’Englhi-n,” by Mr, Tomuine, delerves (till higher praife : and we are only forry that the founder of a prize fhould confine the genius of his candidate to any particular meafure of verfe. The Ode is directed to be in Greek fapphies. As a proper manual we can recommend the ‘ Progrefiwe Exercifes, adapted to the Eton Accidence.” ‘They tend, by ex- amples of a very eafy kind, to familiarize the moft obvious rules. Nor mutt we forget the Latin verfion of Mr. Blomefield’s ‘* Farmers Boy,” by Mr.Ciubse. It is now completed. Mz. Jouns’s ‘ Etymological Exercifes 4G an 002 Retrofpeét of Domeftic on the Eatin Grammar,” are well con- trived. Conneé&ed with claffical literature is the differtation on “* The Tomb of Alexander,” by Dr. E. D. Cuarke; the fubje&t of which was firft canvafled in our Magazine : and whatever our opinion may be in re- gard to the correétnefs of his theory, we would certainly be underftood to give the work he has prefented on it to the public évery commendation, both for elegance ‘ and learning. Its objeét is to prove that one of the great fyuare chefts which are Now in the court-yard of the Britith Mu- feum, was originally conttiuéted to re- ceive ‘the embalmed body of Alexander the Great. The'theory is fupported by a large body of curious evidence; the ge- nerality of which, however, is prefump- tive ; and tco many links are wanting in the chain of conneétion to fatisfy the miad of the difcerning reader. That the apo- theofis typified on the medals of Lyfima. chus is that of Alexander, or that the portrait exhibited is his, admits of doubt: and though extraordinary pains is taken to prove that the /uperftition refpecling Alexanders tomb was Egyptian, we per- ceive no notice of that fingular paflage in Paulanius, which exprefsly affirms his funeral rites tohave been celebrated after the cuftom of the Macedonians. The hiftory of the Sarcophagus itfelf is attend- ed by teftimonies of a very different kind to any of thofe which mark the hiltory of the real tomb. It was feew no longer ago than 1491; unlefs we allow that which was mentioned as lying on the fea fhore at Alexandria twa centuries before by Benjamin of Tudela, to be the fame. Moft of the better writers fince the former period who have vifited Egypt, have no- ticed it, but not one with’ the flightett idea that it was the Jong-forgoiten tombs Some declare that the very tradition of the peop!e concerning the real receptacle of Alexander's body is entirely lof : and others deferred all hope of attaining the hiftory of the prefent cheft, till the hiero. glyphics on its fides have been decyphered. The authorities refpeéting the honours which were really paid to Alexander’s body occupy a large portion of the volume, and form ab hiftorical colleSion truly en- tertaining. They begin with Czelar and end with Caracalla, when a lapfe’ of no lefs than twelve hundred years forms a break in what Dr. Clarke terms the chain of teflimonies. St. Chryfoftom, indeed, who lived fo long ago as 397, makes a flight mention of the tomb; but it is only in such terms as more than indicate that Literature.—--Medicine. it was no longer in exiftence: and frond which we are led toinfer, that it was de- ftroyed among the idols of Alexandria eight years before. His words are thefe, “« Where is now the TOMB of Alexander, Joew me?” And what is equally fin- gular is, that no paflage in the claffic writers occurs to reconcile the appearance of the prefent cheft with the actual tomb which they deferibe. Could we put faith in the theory we fhould be better pleafed. The farcophagus would remain a memor- able trophy of the Britihh victories at Alexandria. 4 MEDICINE. Some additions of confiderable imports ance have been made to the ftock of me- dical literature. Weplace Dr. Hamiz- TON’s * Obfervations om the Utility and Adminiftration of Purgative Medicines? at the head of the lit, becaufe, though laftin the order of time, it fands unri- valled in point of valve. His long and acute obfervation, guided by the foundeh judgment (which alone conftitutes true experience), has enabled him to open out many new views in regard to the nature and treatment of feveral difeafes of im- portance, which. have hitherto been im- perfectly underfiood, and confequently but little under the influence of medicine. He has particularly illuftrated the utility of thefe medicines, when properly zdmi- niftered, in chorzea, hematemefis, chlo- rofis, and fome nervous difeafes, and alfe in the typhous and fcarlet fevers. Dr. WiLtan has advanced one ftep farther in the profecution of his ** Ar< rangement of Difeafes of the Skin ;” hav- ing brought forward the moft important part of his third order, comprifing an ac- count of meafles and fcarlet fever. In this publication he has difplayed the fame acu'enels of difcrimination in the diag- noftics of the difeafes that he examines, and the fame fagacity in tracing their fy- nonyms through the midf of medical records, which diftinguifhed the former parts of hiswork. The peculiar charac- teriftics of the two eruptions are defcribed with fingular precifion ; and the treat- ment directed to be employed for each, under its various forms, is masked by that fimplicity which belongs only to a {cientific praétitioner, who’ never pre- {cribes without clear views of his object, and who diftinguifhes what is efficacious from what is tutile, in the ordinary rou- tine of the profeflion. We have fincerely to lament that the progrefs of this origi- nal and valuable work is f0 flow. The Retrofpee? of Domeftic The public has alfo been favoured with a portion of thofe itores of experience which Dr. HayGARTH, a refpected vete- rin in the field of medicine, has colleSted during his long and aftive campaign.— His ‘* Clinical Hiftory of acute Rheuma- tifm, and of Nodsjity of the Foints,’ may be confidered as a valuable accefiion to the library of the practical phyfician. Ft is not eafy, however, to add to the reputation of the author of the traéts on §* Small-Pox”’ and ‘* Contagious Fever,” aid the original propofer of thofe im- portant ioftitutions the fever wards and houfes of recovery. Thefe inititutions are of great national intereft, and will tranfmit the name of Haygarth, when thofe of fumigators are loft. In rheuma- tifm Dr. Haygarth deprecates repeated blood*letting, and, after one evacuation by the lancet, recommends the fpeedy ad- miniftration of bark. The former part of this’ praétice is clearly good; in Lon- don, indeed, bleeding is generally detri- mental ; of the latter we can only fay, that if the patient is well treated in the Beginning, it is, perhaps, unneceffary. The nodofity of the joints is confidered by Dr. Haygarth a$ unconnected with rheu- matifm, and the faéts which he has ad- duced are valuable. Dr. Srock, in his * Medical Collec- Pions cn the Ufe of cold Water,’ though he does not pretend to advance any thing new of original on the fubjeé&t, has con- tributed to elucidate the utility of the practice in feveral difeafes, to which it was not extended by the excellentand la- mented Dr. Corrie. We has alfo offered fome obferva‘ions on_the different effects of the fudden and the protraéted applica- tion of cold, or of affufion and fponging, in the different periods of febrile com- plaints, which merit the attention of its advocates, The facts which he has col- le&ted do credit to his reading and his judgment, and will, we troft, contribute to extend the conviction of the value of this practice. Dr. BouRNE has come forward with a more original fubjeét of inveftigation. In his ‘* Cafes of Pulmonary Confumption, Ge. treated with Uva Urfi,” he has called the attention of the profeffion to a new remedy for this unmanageable dif- eafe, of the efficacy of which he exprefles himfelf in fanguine terms. He was led to its ufe by the analogy of a fingle cafe of heétic accompanying a difeafe of the. bladder, in which wva urfi, combined With two very attive remedies, bark and opium, effected acure, Alter the expe- 608 rience which is derived from the records of new remedies, applied and recommend- ed with confidence for the cure of organi¢. difeafes of the glands and vilcera, and from the fubfequent difappointment of the profeffion, a little {cepticifm in regard to, any remedy for the cure of lungs in a ftate of ulceration may be pardonable. We with not, however, that @ priori rea- foning fhould fuperfede a fair experimen- tal appreciation of tie powers of the me- dicine’in queftion. On the contrary, we fhould heartily rejoice to find thefe enco- miums on its virtues confirmed ; and that this effay is not, what our apprehenfom fuggefts, premature. ‘ Mr. ParkINsON, in his ‘* Ob/ervations on the Nature and Cure of Gout,” a wore apparently originating in his difapproba- tion of Dr. Kinglake’s new method of treatment, has brought forward a confi- detable ftore of information, and difcuffed the difputed points with his accuftomed ingenuity. He confiders the application of cold to the gouty extremity as a danger- ous expedient. In this general obfervas tion we, conditionally and with confider- able qualification, acquiefce. We are fatisfied that there are numerous exams ples of gouty inflammation, in which Dr. Kinglake’s recommendation may be followed, both with fafety and advantage 5 but until Dr. Kinglake or fome of his ad. vocates determine the criteria, by which the fafety of the remedy may be’ previ- oufly afcertained, we cannot but confider the doétrine, like other vague and indif- criminate rules, dangerous ; efpecially in the hands of carelefs and indifcriminating practitioners. The fubje&t of dyfentery has received an ample difcuffion from Dr. HarTyY, in his ‘* Obferwations on the Simple Dyfen- tery and its Gombinations,” and he has laid the beft authors on the fubje&t under contribution, in fupport of his doétrines. His principal object is to prove, that every form of the difeafe, when epidemic, is a combination of the fimple dyJentery either with an intermittent, remittent, or typhus fever. We thall content ourfelves with a mere reference to ‘* Young on Cancer,” ‘* Tay- lor on Water,’ ** Clarkes Modern Prac- fice of Phyfic,” &c. &c. which conftitute a very re{peétable addition to the medical literature ot the laft fix months. We cannot conclude our detail of me- dical publications, however, without fome notice of the various treatiles which have appeared, relative to a controyerfy of no. ordinary extenty and. conducted with no 4G common Literature.— Medicine. 604 common degree of zeal and impetuofity ; we mean on the fubjeét of the cow-pock. All great innovations in medicine have in- variably met with oppofition; and it was not likely that the cow pock fhould con- ftitute an exception to the general faét. It was not likely that the fubftitution of a mild and harmlefs diforder (if indeed it be entitled to the name of a diforder), for a fevere and pettilential difeafe, which not only infliéted fufferings of an alarm- ing nature to the individual, but extend- éd its baneful influence around to an in- definite extent, fhould be readily received by thofe who exercife medicine as @ trade, regardlefs of the facred duties of huma- nity, and of the medical proféfion. There were practitioners who, prejudiced againft the new difeafe at its introduétion, have watched the opportunity of venting their fpleen and their-prejudices upon the pub- lic, and of traducing the new praétice by every means in their power. ‘They have ftated faéts upon evidence of the moft queftionable nature; they have caricatured the ordinary complaints of the human body, in order to imprefs the public with anoticn of their beftiality ;° they have de- fcended to fophiltry, cant, and declama- tion, with the hope of miflcading the ig- norant and credulous; and they have not denied themfelves thofe powerful wea- pons, rdicule, wit, and waggery, as if the miferies and calamities of mankind were objecis of joke and merriment. But magna eff veritas, et prevalebit. Philo- fophy, which difdains the ule of arms like thefe, may be partially opprefled and re- tarded for a time, but fhe will ultimate] triumph. We cannot indeed altogether approve of the acrimony and afperity wish which fome of the advocates of the cow- pock have attempted to fupport their caufe. But others have combated with the firm bet mild {pirit of true philofophy, and have fucceeded in completely ‘invali- dating fome of the evidence of their ad- verfaries, and in throwing a ftrong fhade of doubt and fulpicion upon the reft. Dr. Mose ey takes the lead on the adverfe part of the vaccine controverly. He advances the ftrange dogma, that ana- logy may fuperfede the neceflity of exoe- riment; and his @ prior? reafoning, or, more correctly fpeaking, his prejudice, is invincible. He “ ftill thinks, as he thought in the year 1798, that experience ds not neceffary to prove that the cow- pock can be no preventive of fmail-pox.” (See his Preface.) His’ pamphlet is well written; contains fome’ wit, and much claffical allufen; which, in truth, are Retrofped? of Domeftic Literature.— Medicine. his fubftitutes for argument. He has eol- le&ted a ftore of faéts, of the evidence of which, however, it has been proved that, he has been more attentive to the quantity, than the quality. The pe dixit of an old woman is aflumed as indubitable au- thority, and hearfay is put down as con- firmed faét. Of the candour and libera- lity of this work we can fay as lirtle es of the argument employed in it.. A calm, rational, and philofophical anfwer to this rhaplodical compofition was publifhed by Mr. Merriman, in a pamphlet which may be recommended to his brother-advocates of the vaccine practice, as a model of controverfial propriety. Mr. Merriman juftly affirms, that in regard to the dif- eafes which Dr. Mofleley has afferted to fucceed to the cow-pock, the fum of his argument is ‘ poft hoc, ergo propter hoc. Difeafes have occurred afier (no matter how long after) the cow-pock, therefore they were the effec? of the cow-pock. He points out a ftriking fimilarity in the controverfy formerly commenced by the oppofers of fmall-pox inoculation, and the vaccine controverfy, and fhews that a lift ot difeafes equally loathfume, and more horrible, was afcribed to that very inoculation (viz. of the {mall-pox), which it is now their intereft. to recommend. And he has addoced fatisfattory proofs that in one cale of fu, pofed failure (Mr. Curling’s child); the fucceeding difeafe was chicken-pox, not {mali-pox; and in another, where the patient was ftated to have died in confequence of difeafe left by the cow-pock, he die’, in fact, of perip- neumony, \everal months after that difeale had lett him. Mr. Rune has alfo favoured the pub- lic with “© An Anfwer to Dr. Mojfeley,” which is characterized, as heretofore, by acrimony, farcafm, and confiderable ar- gument. The latter would have heen fufficient!y convincing, had it not been alloyed by the mixture of the two former, This temper in difcuffion is much to be d-preeated, as inconffenr with that im- partiality of mind which is open to con- vidlion of error, and alive to the admiffion of truth, even of an unpleafant nature: and as indicating that there is /omething mo:e, under the rofe, than a mere defire for the attainment of: a_philofophical truth. It tends but to bind talter the bi- gotted adherence of both parties ro their refpective opinions. Dr. Apams, in his “ Azfwers to all the Objections againft the Cow-Pack,” has ~ attempted, in a popular way, tc refute the ftatements of the anti-vaccinarians, “as Retrofpeet of Domeftic Literature,—Biography. as they denominate themfelves. We can not compliment him either on the per{pi- cuity or the conciufive nature of his argu- ments. The prattice has found a better advocate, in the fame brief and popular ftyle, in the anonymous author of ‘* Ex- pofitions on the Cow-Pock and on the Small- Pox,” in which feveral miftaken points are reétified, and in which there is much clear and fatisfactory reafoning, addrefled to the minds of parents, with a fpirit of mild benevolence, that does honour to the writer. The vaccine preventive, however, has met with its arch-enemy in Dr. Rowley; who, with a difpofition worthy of the Brodums and Solomons of the age, has exhibited the title-page of his pamphlet in every corner of the metropolis, where a dead wallor adeferted houle afforded him the opportunity. He calculated, no doubt, like thofe modeft gentlemen, that the increafe of his practice in the {mall- pox, which would hence accrue, would compenfate for the great expence of this mode of advertifement. He acknowledges his belief that the greater portion of man-- kind are poffeffed of an ample fhare of ig- norance and credulity ; and the principal object of his pamphlet appears to be to take advantage of thefe prevailing quali- ties, in order, firft, to recommend the re- introduétion of variolous inoculation, and fecondly, to intimate that he is poffeffid of a peculiar, ‘‘ certain, experienced, and fuccelsful method” of treating that dif- eale. We cannot juftly characterize this pamphlet, without employing fuch terms, expreflive of our contempt, difapproba- tion, and difguft, as would favour too ftrongly of that vulgarity and acrimony with which it is itfeif replete. We are fatisfied, however, that among the intel- ligent part of the community it has pro- duced an effe&t almoft the reverie of that which the author intended; and that the number of the ignorant and credulous, whom he hoped to delude and make con- veris to his tenets, is confiderably lefs than he anticipated. Dr. Rowley has al- ready received fume an{wers, efpecially from Dr. H. Frafer, and a writer who de- fignates himlelf by the title of Aculeus. The latter has replied in a vein of irony ; purpolely, he intorms us, avoiding all ar- gument, as an article in which Dr. Row- ley dues not ufually deal. Upon the whole, his * Letters” are diffule and [ee- ble in fiyle, and his irony is feldom very acutely pointed, Thereply of fr. Fra- fer, in his hafty and rather crude pam- plilet, aims a very ineffectual blow at the 605 oppofition of Dr. Rowley. Some other writers on both fides of the queftion have alfo appeared, but they have excited lefs attention than thofe which we have enu- merated. The beft anfwer tothe antago- nifts of the pra&tice confifts in a refuta- tion of their pretended facts, which in fe- vera] inftances has been fully accom- plifhed. BIOGRAPHY. Among the principal of the biographi- cal works, we notice Mr. Cooke’s “* Me- moirs of Samuel Foote, Efqg. With a Col- leétion of his genuine Bon-Mots, Anecdotes, Opinions, Sc. mofily original; and three of bis dramatic Pieces not publifbed in his Works.” The Memoirs are written in 2 pleafing, interefting manner, and certain- ly fupply a chafm in our literary and thea- trical hittory which never was fo well filled up before. Foote’s life, from beginning to end, wasa tiffue of adventure: he ap- pears to have been always thoughtlefs in the extreme. Having walted two fortunes, and been Jucky enough to receive a third, he only wrote this motto on his carriage, ‘© Tterum, iterum, iterumque”’ Of a vo- latile difpcfition, he appears rarely ta have troubled himfelf with deep reflecs tion; but merely feeking what was ridi- culous in each man’s character, whom he deemed of fufficient confequence, he held it forth, very frequently upon the flage, and made it fupply thofe deficiencies which unlimited expence occafioned to his income. How far the Memoirs ef (uch a man are calculated for entertainment may be eafily difcovered. Many of the bon-mots and anecdotes are entirely new; and the editor may claim fome merit in having fupprefled a few which would pro- bably have been no honour to the publi. cation; fenfible that what the hilarity of focial life is backward to endure, ought never to be obtruded on the public ing printed form. The title of the firlt vo- lume is embellifhed with an elegant por- trait of Foote, from an original picture. The ** Public Charaders of 1805-6" are written much in the fame ftyle with thofe of former volumes. In the prefent the memoir of Mr. Abbot, the Speaker of the Houfe of Commons, is cne of the moft ioterefting, Such of our readers as are of an amatory turn will probably be pleafed with that of Mr. Jofeph Pafley, the Gretna-Green Parlon. “« Biographia Scotica, or Scottifs Bio- graphical Didtionary ; containing a foort Account of the Lives and Writings of the moft eminent Perfons and remarkable Cha- radlers, Natives of Scotland, from the carlict enrlieft Ages to the prefent Time,” by J. STaRk. ( Scottifh biography has been fo much neglected, that we perufe the title\ of the preferit performance with conliderable pleafure. The moft prominent cireum- stances attending a work of this kind are felection, compafs, and arrangeinent ; the firit of which is not only the moft im- portant point, but, ai the fame time, by far the moft difficult to adjuft. In the work before us we confels we have fren fome names, whofe diffinétion in the walks of life have been of too temporary a kind to entitle them to general notice ; though, in the ufual way, fuch charac- ters are barely mentioned, while thofe whofe lives and adlions have contributed to enlarge our knowledge ef mankind, or who claim the remembrance of pofierity on account of diftinétion in fciénce, art, or literature, receive a mere extended ac- Knowledgment of their merits. Ina few €afes we have obferved men of high im- portance, the comparative extent of whofe eharaéters is very trifling; and we have noticed one or two omiffions, which a fu- ture edition will probably fupply. The ftyle is good, but ufwally varies with that of the author from whole book the bio- el fketch has been derived. The ife of Napier, the invenior of logarithms, is one of the bet: The fecond edition of Dr. WaTKINS’s * Biographical, Hiftorical, and Chronolo- gical Diéionary” has appeared, with con- fiderable correction and improvements. A reference to the authority for each article s NOw annexed; ah addition the value of which will be felt by every man o} letters, as well as by the public at large. Every fueceffive publication on this fubject, it will be remembered, has advantages be- yotid thofe which went immediately before st, by however fhort an interval. Mit takes in chronology, fa&ts, charaélers, and names, will ot courfe’ be redtified, omiffions fupplied, additions made, and a féries of new -biography” introduced, as Fecent mertality may give occaficn, dili- gence fupply, of external communication chance to provide. ‘¢ The autho: has en- ileavoured to render his work complete, by inferting every interefting name aid event likely to be fought for ina colleSicn of this Kind ; and although he carnot pre- fume that there are not many de!céts and omiffions, yet it will bé obvious on com. patiion, that this work now ccntains frem two to three thoufand articles more than ait to. be tound in any fimnilar work in the -Englith; or perhaps in any other language. Retrofpeé? of Domeftic Literattre—Bingraphy. Obferving, with regret, the great nimber of diftinguithed names which have been pafied over by preceding biographers, he has diligently employed himfelf in refcu- ing a confiderable number of thofé names’ from negkét and oblivion. Hé has not contented himfelf with barely gleaning from allother diétionaries, but has fought in every refpeétable quarter for memoirs of departed excellence. Many fingle me- moirs and fugitive pieces, and many fearce traéts and voluminous periodical publica= tions, have, in the preparation of thenew edition, been fethuloufly examined.” The life ei-her of a fovereign or a Ratef= man, from the very nature of its mate- rials, approaches fo nearly to public hif- tory, that it is almok doubtful where if fhould bé placed. That of * Leo the Tenth” can hardly be claffed among indi- Vidual biography. Mr. Roscoe was the firlt who took the lead in direéting the public tate to enquiries into the lives of thofe eminent {cholars to whom the reftos ration of learning in Europe was fo muck indebted ; and the Life of Lorenzo de Me- dici was perufed with pleafure not only by common but literary readers. A due cons fideration of the work, however, which is now before us, requires a minutenefs of detail which the limits of our prefent re- trofpet will fcaree allow. We fhall therefore, in the prefent inftance, give our readers but a rapid fketch of Leo's life, referving a full confideration of it for thé clafS of Hiftory, in another Supplement. —Leo the Tenth will ever be remembered by Proteftants, fince from his Pontificate the arigin of the Reformation may be de+ duced. He was the fon of Lorenzo de ‘Medici, ** the father of the Mufes,” and was born in the latter part of the fifteenth century. His education was direétéd by the belt of the Greek and Latin fcholars which Italy had produced; and Angelus Politianus was his pvincipal tutor. At the age of eleven he was made an Arch- bifhop, and at fourteed a Cardinal. His character was moft. fingularly mixed 5 adorned by many virttes, and diitinguith- ed by extraordinary vices. The indul- gences of the Romifh church were reduc- ed under his Pontificate to the molt fordid trafic ; and the luftre of his virtues was fullicd by extreme lewdnefs, impiety, and atheifm: yet under his immediate protec. tion the reftoration of learning was en- couraged, and even the language of an- cient Rome revived with elegance: under him the belt of thofe writers flourithed to whom even England is fill indebted, and the brighteft ornament of his court was Arioltos Retrofpeat of Domeftic Literature.—Commerce, Trade, Fc. G07 Ariofto. A chara&ter fo extraordinary, who continues to intereft us in fpite of all his weakneffes and faults, was a fit fub- jet. for the pen of Mr. Rofcoe.—How it bas been treated we fhall fhew hereafter. The Life of Milton the Poet bas been fo often written, that we cannot fay we ex- pected another biographer to arifle fo foon, But we are now to read the Life of Mil- ton the Patriot, by Mr. MorTIMER.— Surely, it is neither ¢¢ laudable ambition,” er reverence for the poet, that can lead any one, at the prefent day, todrag again to light thofe circumftances which not only fully the name, but degrade the cha- raéter of Milton. His defence of the people of England againft Salmafius can never be forgoiten. COMMERCE, TRADE, &e. $* Annals of Commerce, Manufactures, Fifkeries, and Navigation: wtih Brief notices -f the Arts aud Sciences conneéied ewith them,” Containing the Commercial Tranfaétions of the Britifh Empire and other Countries, from the earlieftt Ac- counts to the Meeting of the Union Par- liament in 1801; by Davin Macruer- SON. 4 vol. gto. 1805. The work which is now before us is fo truly valuable, that to give a mere ge- neral character of it only would be wrong. Mr. Anderfon, in the early part of bis work, unfortunately trufted too much to txanflators ; and betrayed himfelf, by. the neglect of the hiftorians.of Greece and Rome, into innumerable errors. and omif- fions. Hence it was neceflary for Mr. Macpherfon to compofe the hiftory of the early ages to the difcovery of America entirely anew. From this period, how- ever, to 1760, the hiftory of our com- “mercial tranfadtions ftands entirely on the authority of Mr. Anderfon. All his faéts, and the moft part of his remarks, have been preferved ; though fome of them, it is obferved, were diétated by the harrow {pirited jealoufy of commerce, which in his time pafled for patriotifm. For at leat half a century preceding the commencement of the prefent reign, it will be remembered, Mr; Anderfon was ap original author, relating from his own knowledge and obfervation the commer- cial tranfaftions of the Britifh empire, with which he had every opportunity of being well acquainted, and in which he was in fome degree engaged, having been in the fervice of the South Sea Company for more than forty years. Hence we find he is quite at home in the affairs of of that company, and particularly in the very extragrdinary tranlagtions of the year 1720, his account of which will ever. he, confidered as the ftandard hiftory of that noted era of frantic avarice and blind ine | fatuation. For the important and eyentful period from 1760 to 1801, Mr. Macpherfon is himfelf entirely refponfible. His mate- rials have been feletted as well from pub- licas from the moft authentic documents 5 and he appears to have been encouraged in his labour by thofe who had the bef. means of facilitating his refearches. The pains he has taken have been undoubtedly immenfe; and, with the exception of af- fiftance from Mr. Anderfon’s work, they haye been entirely his qwn. He fubmits their produét with a refpeétful folicitude tothe public, and claims for his work only this difiin&ion, that it is not the me. Jancholy record of hu:nan crimes and hu- man calamities as moft other hiftorical works are, but the animating regilter of human induftry and ingenuity. The to- pics of enquiry it purives, calculated ta excite an intereft with every reader, are, too many to be enumerated here. One, however, we cannot pa's unnoticed: it is the LoapsroNz, which, if we exe cept the flint by which our daily fre is kindled, is the moft precious of all ftones. The fecret cf its attrafling iron was, af courle, known for ages ; but its polarity was amore recent dilcovery. Mr. Mac- pherfon quotes the earlieft notice of it from two pafiages in the works of French. writers of tie twelfth century: the firft of whom, Guist of Provins, calls it the manste, and ‘ays, “thereby the mariner is directed in his courfe.” From, thefe; paflages he gathers, that the knowledge ef the compals was at that time oply im its infancy, at leaft among the Chriftiang: of Europe ; and he has not been able to difcover that it is known either to the Chinefe or the Saracens at an earlier date. The difcovery of the compafs, indeed, and its fubfequent -improyements, are treated of inthe true fpirit of acute in-. veftigation. It is july confidered by the. author as giving birth to a new era in the hiftory of commerce and navigation; and what he bas faid of it may be taken as a good fpecimen of the general execution of the work. We haye only to lament: that the price of thefe volumes, which is: fill however hardly commenfirate with their extent, may deter many who would like to poffefs them from the purchafe. Together with fuch copious.annals we are happy to recommend our readers an- other work, which contains fome exten- five information en the pragtical condition of 608 Retrofpect of Domeftic Literature.—Voyages and Travels. of commerce. Mr. Oppy, inhis ** Exz- ropean Commerce; or, New and Secure Channels of Trade with the Continent of Europe, particularly with Rufia, Prufia, Sweden, Denmark, and Germany : includ- ing alfe the Trade of the Rivers Elbe, Wefer and Ems; has entered very deeply into its philofophical principles, and he has recorded the practical as well as the theoretical part of knowledge. The work is divided into feven books, each of which is affigned to the trafic of fome particular country : of thefe, five relate to thofe which are refpectively mentioned in the title; the third to Mecklenburg, and the feventh to Great Britain. In treating of each of thefe countries fepa- rately, he prefents firlt its general means and accommodations of commerce, its ex- tent, feas, rivers, means both of external and internal communication and produce ; proceeds toits fea-ports, and afterwards to fuch internal eftablifliments, whether of trading companies or banks, which feem connected more remotely with commerce ; and concludes with the exports and im- ports. Without entering into more mi- nute ftatements, or examining the parti- cular opinions of the author, let it tuffice to oblerve that his werk prefents a more complete body of intelligence on the com- mercial operations and capacities of the north of Europe, than we have ever feen before, and that it will be found equally ufeful to the trader and the ftatefman. Mr. Luccock’s peyformance on * The Nature and Properties of Wool,” though better calculated tor the manufacturer than the farmer, contains a variety of curious information. The part which difcrimi- nates the different forts is perhaps the mot valuable. VOYAGES AND TRAVELS. ** A Voyage round the World, in the Years 1801, 1802, 1803, and 1804; in aubich the Author vifited the principal Tflands in the Pacific Ocean, and the Eng- Lifh Setilements of Port Fackfon and Nor- folk Ifland.’ By Joun TurRNBULL. It may be proper to obferve of Mr. Turnbull's voyage, that it was originally written with no other view than the amufe- ment and information of hisprivate friends, through whofe perfuafions he has at length given it to the world. It has one merit which will certainly be acknowledged by readers of every clafs who may perufe it: it is free from a variety of details with wich the generality of fuch works are ufually overloaded, and prefents us with no technical extracts from the /og-books of the voyage. The object of the undertak- ing was commercial: to afcertain whether the Americans did not carry on a lucra- tive trade to the north-weft of the valt continent they inhabit. The idea of it had firft occurred while Mr. Turnbull was fecond officer of the Barweli, in a voyage from China in 1799; and having been communicated to fome gentlemen of well-known mercantile enterprife, they not only approved of the fpeculation, but loft no time in preparing for its execution. A new fhip, builc wholly of Britith oak, was at length purchafed, and the command of it given to the gentleman who had been firft officer of the Barwell, while the cargo and trading part was intrulted to Mr. Turnbull: and having each of them, as owners, confiderable fhares, they were equally interefted in the fuccefs of the voyage. Having completed all their pre- parations, they fet fail from Portfmouth on the rft of July, 1800, and» with fair winds and fanguine hopes foon reached the ifland of Madeira, where Mr. Turn- bull complains bitterly of the innumerable {warms of begging friars. In the fur- ther progrefs of the voyage they were fo hampered by foutherly winds, as to have approached within two degrees and a half of the coaft of Brazil; when the. vetiel being new and unfeafoned, they bore up to St. Salvadore, to obtain repairs previ- ous to their entering into the higher lati- tudes. Refpeéting the Brazils, Mr. Turnbull expreffes himfelf very freely, and without referve. Every thing he faw there convinced him cf the value of this fettlement to the Britifh empire, in the event of arupture between England and Portugal. Though perhaps he does not take ulterior confiderations into view when he obferves, that if France fhould antici- pate us in gaining poflefiion of them, fhe would compenfate the Jofs of Malta and Egypt. Having touched at the Cape of Good Hope, of which Mr. Turnbull gives a favourable account, the veffel flood direétly for New Holland, where confiderable attention feems to have been paid to the population, general character of the fettlers, and civil government, at Sydney. The general charaéter of the natives of New South Wales is by ne means favourable. Mr. Turnbull con- fiders the aboriginal inhabitants of this diflant region as indeed beyond comparifon the moft barbarous on the furface of the globe, and obferves that the refidence of Europeans there has been wholly ineffec- tual for their civilization. Their fingular talents at mimicry, their perfonal quali- tess tics, punifhments, cufloms, &c. are molt entertainingly defcribed ; and fome fub- jeéts treated on which have been but little fpoken of by former writers. But the principal part of Mr, Turnbull’s obferv- ations are confined within the tropics, particularly to the Society and Sandwich sflands. where the veader wiil perceive a wonderful contraft in the genius and dil- politions of the two nations. The one making rapid advarices towards civiliza- tion, and a knowledge of the mech2uical atts; the other, for whom nature may be faid to have exerted her utmott efforts, by a itrange perverfion of her laws, lifting up 4 bight hand to counteract her inten- tions. - Much alfo will be found relating to the prefent fiate of the miflicnaries. Would the lnnits of our retrofpes allow a complete analyfis of the voyage, we would very readil, pre‘ent it to the reader. Of the inhabitants of Otaheite, Neitea, and Maura, many of the anecdotes are not only new, but curious; and in the defeription of the Sandwich Iflands, we found an account: of Tamahama, their great chief, which at the prefent moment cannot but be highly interefting. ‘Tama- hama, he oblerves, is no unwerthy imi- tator of his European original: his haughty tone to hisenemies, and his ge- nius and {pirit of enierprize in cresting refources which did not exilt before hm, may not unjuftly bring him into a com- p2rifon with the Emperor of the French. The particulars that relate to him are re- markable:—he has created for his country a little navy, and feemsto poffefs a genius far above bis fituation. Mr, Turp5ull’s mifcellaneous remarks on the manners, cuftoms, population, &c. of the Otabeir- ans, are very numcrous ; and he fupplies more facts tor the illuitration of poli ical enquiries thin any vifitant who went be- fore him, ‘The horrid praétices of child- murder and human facrifices, aie among the reafons which account for the fingular dim‘nution in the numbers of their people; added to which, the doétrine of fatality prevails amongft them to a molt fingular excels. Every difeafe is the immedia‘e confequence of the vengeance of their of- fended deities, and therefore every thought of remedy or relief is rejeSted, as equally wielefs and impious; they are left to their fate, and their difeafes are unfortunately fuch as, however eafy of cure under a Yegular courfe, are but ‘oo fatal when fuffered to augment under neglect. On the varius adventures and misfortunes which betel the author we fhall withhold our obfervations. Having been twice at Mownrary Mac, No. 138. Retrofpefi of Domeftic Literature.—Voyazes and Travels. 609 Oraheite, he arrives a fecond time at Port Jackfon, where a longer refidence enabled him to form a betier view both of the, ftate of the colony and its adminiftration. Upon the firft eftabhfhment of this fertle- ment, the policy of the {ch me was much doubted, and its future exiltence treated by many as vifionary : ‘* But the expe- riment,” fays Mr. Turnbull, “ of a re- gular government for fifteen years, in 4 region fo extenfive and fo d ftant from the mo*her-couatry, has now been made, and the col ny at prefent wears a favourable afpect.” Throughout his work, Mr. Turnbull obferves, it has been his unde- Viating effort to confire himfeif to thofe objets which were molt fuited to intereft the general reader ; and though he founds no pretenfions to the r-ader’s notice, either in his ftyle or diétion, we muft do him the juftice to make one remark: it is more fimply neat than could have ben expected from one who has pailed the greater part of his life in the exercile of his profeffion as a feaman. «© Defcription of the Ifland of St. He- lena 3 containing Obfirvations on its fin- gular Strudiure and Formation, awd an Account of its Climate, Natural Hiftory, and Inhabitants. Saint Helena, fituated abouta thoufand miles to the fouthward of the equinoétial line, and neaily at the fame dittance from the weftern fhore of Africa, was difcovered by the Portoguefein 1508. It was at that time without inhabitants, without quad- rupeds, and alniolt without birds, The Englith made a fettlement on it in 16605 and in 3673 the Dutch took it by fur- prize. It was retaken the following yar, with the Dutch fhips in the roads, by Captain Monden; and has remained ever fince in the poffeffion of the Englith Eaft India Company. The wildnefs and ir- regularity of its a/pect fuggefls the idea that the iflind was produced by fubter- ranean fice, and the obfervations of the author of the work before us tend flrongly to corroborate the notion. In the two firt chapters, the origin and formation of this curious ifland are attempred to be explained, from the bafaluc and other mineralogical appearances of its ftiara, In the third we fine its climare and difeafig treated ; the greateft inconvenience of the former {eems 1o be the fcantinels and un certainty of therains 5 and ils peculiarities are partially illuilrated by fome of the moft remarkable circumitarees jn the clj- mate of the peninfwla of India, The greateft fingularity among the difgates ja the abfence of the finall-pox from the ree 4H fident Or 610 Retrofpe? of Domeftic Literature.— Voyages and Travels. fident inhabitants, and of the hydrophobia from among the dogs. The fourth chap- ter is principally devoted to the indigenous and exotic plants, as well as to the prin- cipal means whofe adoption might taci- Istate the further cultivation of the ifland. About feventeen years ago, it feems, an attempt was made towards its general im- provement ; when fome of the inhabitants formed themfelves into an agricultural fociety ; and though their means were too confined and fcanty for any very beneficial confequences to enfue, the general refult of fome of their earlielt experiments, which were fuccefsful as far as they were carried, is here recorded for the encourage- ment of others. The fitth and Jatt chap- ter, on the inhabitants and interior cir- camfances of the ifland, is by far the mott lively and entertaining. The fitu- ation of a little colony, the author ob- ferves, embofomed in the recefles of a rocky ifland, and fepara‘ed by an immente ocean from the troubles and calamities of the furrounding wold, we thould wil- lingly figure to ourlelves as the retreat of hap#ineis, which thofe who fought for it in retivement might expect to find in the valleys of St, Helena: but the inhabi- tants, he tells us, confider their fituation as a ttate of exile 5 their opportunities of obtaining weal:hare few; the feene around them is confined; and cut off as they are, during the greateft part of their time, from all intercourfe with the reit of the world, we cannot be furprifed to read that thearrival: f:hehemeward bound Jodiamen is with them the greateft event of the year. Having confidered the great advantages and cccafional inconveniences of St. He- Jena as a ftation for our fleets fince the ceffion of the Cape, the author concludes with obferving that its internal refources for the benefit of our thipping might, with 2 little care, be much augmented. ** Familiar Letters from Italy to a@ Friend in England,” by PETER Becx- FORD, Eiq., 2 vols. A great number of the letters here pre- fented to the reader may be fuppoled to have loit fomethinz of their intereft, fince they were wiitten fo long ago as 1787. The pictures of familar manners, how- ever, which they reprefint, are faithfully drawn ; and though they may not al'cge- ther apply to the inhabitants of Italy as they exilt at prefent, they havea lively in. terct, to communicate. Mr. Beckford was introduced to Valtaire and Rouffeau, ot the latter.of whom he prefents a fhort though not a very interelting account. But a more cuiious work than this is comprized in the ** Trawels through Italy in the Years 1804 and 1805,” by Au- GusTus VOn KorzeBue 3; 4 Volsey Phillips. A work perhaps which has more real intereft thap any of the au- thor’s former publications. In the firft volume, the portion which feems likely to afford the greateit fhare of entertainment is the defcription of the Tyrol. Its va- ried and 1:omantic beauties, he fays, are in no degree inferior to thofe of Switzeriand, except that the cataraéts are but fparingly diftvibuted. The travelling in Tyrol is quicker than in Switzerland ; over which it claims another preference, in having all its beauties by the road-fde. We have no oceaficn, as in that country, to deviate to the right and left, and to climb on our hands and knees, in order toca ch a charm of nature. And as a journey of plealure, Tyrol has ftill zreater recommendations. The chate of the mountain-goat, and the hiftory of the Tyrol fharp-thooters, who are faid lately to have given fuch affiftance to the French, afford anecdotes that will be peruied with pleafure. The unamiable Uriuline nuns of Infpruck, however, meet the author's cenfure. In this part of Ty- rol, he oblerves, isto be feen a charming national phyfiognomy in the fair-fex ; oval faces, fine’ dark eyes, and a white fkin :, they are all as muca alike as fitters. It is a pity, enly, that their clumfy drefs disfigures their perfona] attraGtions. At Florence, our author tak-s particular no- tice not only of the beft works of art which are now there, but of thofe which have been removed to France ; and though his memoranda may sot be always fatisfac- tory either to the astift or the connviffeur, their good fenfe will be univerfally al- lowed. At Rome, we have his obferva- tions on the drama, as well as the antiqui- ties ; and the Sorrows of Werter, in five aéts, will be as great a novelty to our readers as co M. Von Korzebue. At Gaeta, we have fome curious remarks on the fad and indiftin& remains of Cicero’s villa. The firft volume clofes with the account of Naples. Here, fays M. Kot. zebue, ** I muft conduét the reader a litrle about the town; for every thing is fo perfettly different from ali that an inha- bitant of a more northern climate con- ceives of a town, that he would imagine himfelf at firft to be in the Moon.” But the peculiarities of Naples will not admit of an abridgement here. The deplorable objects, however, with which it is filled in every part, excited our traveller's at- tention; and he makes one or two remarks which only indicate that he is not an En- glifhman. \ Retrofped? of Domeftic Literature. —Voyages and Travels, 611 plifhman. ‘ Some years ago (he fays) an attempt was made to abolifh the ly1- tem of beggary ; and for this purpofe a command was iffued for taking up all beggars, and carrying them to the great poor-houfe, which is large enough to hold many thovfands. But the maintenance of fo many people when brought tegether, was a {mall circumitance which had been oyerlooked. Much, no doubt, had been calculated on the charitable and voluntary contributions of the Neapolitans, which in the beginning, indeed, were very libe- ral. But this {cheme expericnced the fare of all fimilar projects tounded only,on the precarious fuppert of individuals ; for nothing wearies fo foon as charity. The contiibutions fell off: the unfortunate wretches were fhut up by five hundreds in Jarge halls, without victuals or occupa- tion : diitafes gained ground among them ; one ran away after anocher, without ob- ftruétion ; the beggars were no more ap- prehended ; and every thing retumed tq its former ftate.”? The whole of the fe- cond, and the greater part of the third volume, is (ill occupied by Naples. The fecond opens with an account of Mount Vefuvius, the eruption of which, during M. Kotzebue’s refidence in its neignbour- hood, on November 22, 1801, is accu- rately defcribed. Pirtici is, in courte, another object of attention. Here the pavements and other works of art which have been difcovered in the buried cities of Herculaneum and Pompeii are rep»- fited : and M.-Korzcbue afterwards paid a vilit to the citics themfelves. The road from Naples to Pompeii, not much above ten Englifh miles, is an uninteriupted chain of flourifuing towns, which, mock- ing the malignity of the volcano, cover its foot and adorn the bay. In the main- ftreet of Pompeii, he oblerves, the tracks of the whee's are ftill vifibles An elevat- ed path runs by the fide of the houles for foot-paffengers ; and, that they might in rainy weathey pafs commodioufly over to the oppofite fide, large flat tones, three of which take up the width of the road, were Jaid at a diftance from each other. On the conftru€ticn of the houles, and their ftucco paintings, he is particular, as well as on the hypocaufts ; and having quoted from Pliny the account of the deltruétion of Pompeii, enlarges on its probabie parti- culars from circumilances which the in- veltigation of the town has brought to light. From Pompeii he proceeds to Het- culaneum, and the Mufeum at Portici. At Herculaneum, he oblerves, curiofity is enly wearied with perpetual famencis, Damp cold paflages, that refemble fubter- raneous labyrinths, and are totally without air, occafiona!ly diverfified with immenfe mafles of lava, are the principal objects to which the traveller is introduced: for the reft he mutt take the word of the guide. At Portici, the moft remarkable objeéts defcribed arethe manuferipts found in two chambers of a houfe at Herculaneum, and the intricate machine invented to unroil them. At prefent, five writers have been difeovered: Philodemus, Epicurus, Pha- drus, Demetrius Phalereus, and Colotos. Bat unfortunately all the works have been philefophical, The miavufcript of Coloros, it feema, the lak difcovered, contains a refutation of Plato’s Treatife on Friendihip. A. hundred and thir'y manu- {cripts have been eicher unrolled or are unrolling. From Naples, ta the third volume, M. Kotzebue returns to Rome, where the gallery of artiits occupies the lirgett fharc of his atiention. His obfir- vations on St. Peter’s are not deilitute of f2rcafm ; and the account of the Vatican, we mult contels, is much fhorter than we expected to have found it. At the open- ing of the fourth volume, M. Kotzebue’ leaves modern Rome, and repairs to the ruins of the ancient city. The bath of Caracalla introduces a curious account of the Thermz of the ancients; and the Tiber affords an opportunity of referring to feveral of the more remarkable events of Roman hiftory. In the account of the manners of the modern Romans, we have a more particular defcription of the the- aties, the number of which in Rome is too great for its prefent population, There are two (tee Argentina and Alibertis) for grand operas and ballets ; and two (Della Valle, and Tor inoni or Apollo) for the opera buffa and the drama ; cne (Della Pace) for faices and pantomimes 5 and that calied Pollo Corde, where pup- pet-fhows are given, and Harlequin exhi- bits his tricks 5 befides fome {mallcr ones. All of them indeed are open only daring the Carnival ; and then the Romans over- gorge themfelves with theatrical {pecta- cles, as on feltival-days they do with flethh ; wiih this difference, however, that they enjoy the latter with more relify than’ the former, and that their meat is far bet- ter than their plays. At the end of his ftviQures M. Kotzebue introduces what he affures us is a faithful piéture of the» Roman minners in an extract fiom one of the comedies of Roffi.. Fiom Rome he paffes to Loretto, and afterwards to Ate cona ; vifiting Bologna, Modena, Man- tua, and Verona, in the way to Vieunay 4H2 where 612 where having made a few curfory oblerva- tions on the city, he continues his journey through Prague and Drefden, taking leave , of -his reader at Berlin; and informing him in the conclufion that he quitted Italy without relu€tance ; that he never wifhes to fee it again ; and that he would not for millions pafs, bis life in that country. The ftyle of the work has very few deieéts. M. Kotzebue is fentimental in almot every page ; and with much of the tem- per, has an occafional {pice of the farcafm, of Voltaire. His immoralities of obferva- tion however have been carefully pruned by his tranflator. Mr. Mawman’s’ ** Excurfion to the Highlands of Scotland, and the Engli/h Lakes,” contains nothing which can rafe its author above the ordinary lift of tour- ifts. His remarks in moft inftances are fenfible ; but the perufal of his work has added nothing to the knowledge we ob- tain from thofe who went before him. The three plates of Inverary, Lochlomond, and Patterdale, are good. In Mr. Bouuton’s * Sketch of His Majeftys Province of Upper-Canada,” we have an outline of the Bruith continen- tal poffeffions adjacent to the United- States. It is a refpeftable work, and en- tirely tiatiftical. ’ FINE-ARTS. Firf in this clafs may be reckoned the two Nambers of the “ Engravings, with a Defcriptive Account in Englifh and French, of Egyptian Monuments in the Britifh Mufeum,” collected by the Initi- tute in Egypt, under the Direction of Bu- Onaparte, aud furrendered to the Britith Commander in-Crief, Lord Hutciin‘fon, by General Menov. The drawings were made from tse originals hy Mr. Alexander, and are encraved by Mealand in the beit fiyle of aqua-tint. The moit curious of the plates which have yet appeared is *¢ the Sarcophagus in which the embalm- ed beady of Alexander the Great wasdepo. fited > t»ken from the mo!que of St. Atha- nahus.”” Arreview of Dr. Clerke’s book on which, will be found in ovr Retrofpedt under the head of Claffical Literature. But the Jovers of the arts ef elegance will perhaps find a greater treat in ‘the ®* Catalogue Raijonné of the principal Paintings, Sculptures, Drawings, &c., &e., at Appuldurcombe-Hoxfe,” the Seat _ of (the late) Right Hon. Sir Ricuarp Worsbey, Bart. ; taken Juy 1, 1804. From Si Richard's pen. To enumerate all the various fragments and remains with which the hou! is orna- macniied, would be endleis; but as the Retrofped? of Demeftic Literature.—Fine- Arts. ‘the drawing-room work is in few hands, acclumn or two of our Review may be well fpared to mention a few of the more important. Ia the prineipal front of the honfe, on each fide the portico, ftands a curious antique chair of white marble ; that on the right- hand, called Sella Theffalica} is of fine defign, and elegantly ornamented, and was ufed as a common fitting-chair ; that on the left, ftvled Sella Arguata, was ufed by the philofophers as a. ftulying-chair, They are uvique in their kind, and came originally from Greece, as appears’ by the marble, and were difcovered at Rome in the time of the celebrated antiquary Ful- vio O:fini, who was the firft purchafer ef them. From him they hecame’the pro- perty of Sextus Quintus, and were pur- chafed by Sir Richard Worfley wren the marbles of the Villa Negroni were difpofed of. Among the belt of the numerous baflo-relievos and other fragments from Athens, is one above the doar-cafe of the dining/room, which appears from thé di- meniions, ftyle,and beauty of the fculpture, to have formed part of the frieze of the cell of the Parthenon, dehgned by Phidias and executed by his beft {cholars. Another, in the fame soom, is a moft interelling monument in low alto relievo, found in the Metropolis, 1785, reprefenting a Sy- ren in. affliction for having been excelled by the Moufes in finging : a fepulchral fragment of inimitable Greek fculpture, of Pluto leaning upon a couch, attended by a young cup bearer, the fubjeét of which is unique, is anuther: befide two Herme of Alcibiades and Sophocles, of the fineft_Greek fculpture, difcovered in the ruins of the Prytaneum: a buft of Caracalla: and a coloflal head of Venus. Avonz the belt paintings, the following are mentioned in the dining-room. Two great landicapes by Francefco Zuccarelli, faid indilputably to be the fine pictures which he ever produced : an unfinifhed painting of Our Saviourdriving the fellers from the Temple, by Paul Veronefe: the Annunciation, by Guercino, 1629 : and an antique painting cut from the wall of a temple in Adrian’s villa near Tivoli. In are landfeapes_ by Cliude, Teniers, and Gafpar Pouoffin ; with the portrait of the celebrated Nun which was fo much admired in the Bor- ghefe palace at Rome, by Titian. In the pidture-cabiner, the petits jardinteres: (his two fons), by Ruoens; a Madona by Carlo Dulci; the Defcent from the Crofs, by Tintoretto ; and Venus and Cupid, by .Correggio ; with others by Titian, Do- menichino, Salvator Rofay and Teniers. Retrofpelt of Domeftic LiteraturePo:try. In the library, befide a cepital pifture by Titian, reprefenting the Pilgrims at Em- maus; St. John watching the Infant Chritt, by Guido ; and a head by Raphael ; are fome old Englifh portraits, the prio- cipal of which are, Henry VIII. and Ed- ward VI., by Holbein ; the former pre- fented to Sir James Worfley by Henry himfelf ; Hob>es of Malmfbury, by Van- dyke; and Brandon Duke of Suffolk (in the time of Heriry VIII.) and his wife the Queen-Dowager of France, by Mabeufe, And in the fiudy, ia a mahogany cafe, a beautiful pi@ture of Jupiter and Antiope, by Annibal Caracci ; the Alehymit, by Offade 3 and a very fine land{cape by Claude. Exclufive of thefe, the }.tures by inferior mafters, the portraits, copies, and drawings, are extremely numerous ; wich avery iarze coliection of bronzes and intaglios © To which the Addenda adds a very fine academical figure of Sr. John in the WildeinefS$, by Avnibale Caracci; a portrait of the old Duchefs of Lorraine, by Rembrandt; and two moft beautiful cabinet-pi€tures ; one of Jefus in the Cradle, with the Holy Family, by Par- megiano ; the other of an Angel thewing the Tomb to the three Mary’s, by Alba- no. Altogether, a more curious collection has been rarely found in the hands of an individual. Many of the beft fpecimens which compofe it were obtained by Sir Richard himfeif while qn his travels ; and others were purchafed ata very great ex- pence. The Catalogue is in folio, and ift fued from the prefs of Mr. Bulmer. It is ornamented with a ne2t View, by Fitt- ler, of Appuldurcombe-Houfe. « Authentic Memoirs of the late George Morland, with Remarks on bis Abilities and Progrefs as an Artif? 3’ in which are iv ter{pericd a Variety of Anecdotes never before publithed; together with a Fac- fimile of nis Wriing, Specimens of his Hieroglyphical Sketches, &c., &c. The whole collef&ted from numerous Manu- ' feript Communications ; by Francis Wittiam Biacpon, Efq. There is One fentence towards the clofe of thefe Memoirs which we fha!l tran{cribe: ** Le may be faid, that months, and even years, of Morland’s life elapfed without aff rding a fingle anecdote that could af- ford gratification to readers of refine- ment.” And we will veniure to afk the writer of the Memoirs, what gratification readers of refinement can poflibly derive from any one anecdote he has i¢l-ted: (vith the exception of a ingle bal! guinea. worth of charity) milappiied talents, folly, drunkenness, and mifchievous 613 amufements, fem to have been the chief characteristics of Morland’s life. The plates which accompany thefe Memoirs afford good fpecimens of the painter's ta- Jents ; they are twenty-two in number, and exhibit, firft, his method of fketching from nature ; next, his coloured fketches and humourous defigns ; and, laftly, the effeét of his finithed pieces. The befi ex- ecu‘ed ts perhaps the portrait of himfelf. Mifs Garrstpe’s “ Effay on Light and Shade, on Colours, and on Compofi- 110” ia general,” contains a great variety of ufeful precepts. Her remarks on the importance of perfpective deferve the clofeft attention from thofe who may read. her work with a view to benefit; and the has handled her fubje& with confiderable tafte. ir. DoucLass’s “ Art of Drawing in’ Perfpective from Mathematical Prig- ciples,” iliuttrated by more than fifty ens gravings, is a valuable and weil-writtea volume. POETRY. A new edition of the Englith tranflation of ** Offan’s Poems” may at firft fight perhaps have but {mall title to the reader’s notice; but Mr. Laina’s edition is accom= panied by copious illuftrat ons, and a com- mentary, which muit be highly acceptable to thofe «ho fill deem the Works of Offian a forgery. To us, however, he feems too minute. Imitations and coincidences, at whatever diflance, are deemed bold pla- giaries ; and he fometimes trifles like a commentator upon Shakelpeare. For the tender and pathetic we have not a better volume to recommend than that which contains the feleiion of the late Mr. Locan’s ‘* Poems.’ His odes and lyrics deferve the higheft thare of praife 5 and though the tragedy of Runvamede’is not entitled to unexceptonable commen- dation, it has many beavties. Among the more elegant works in the lighter clafs, we notice ‘The Sports of. the Genii,” by Mrs. Hunter. The The Genii, however, are not thofe of Arabian fition. They confit of little groupes of Cupids, felected from the port- tolio of Mifs Sulan Macd nald, the late amiable daughter of the Lord Chief Ba- ron. Alter obferving generally that thé talte of the etchings is rivalled by the po- etry, we fhall prefent our readers with the Epilogue : 6¢ Critics tharp, with brow fevere, Our {mall volume come not near: Authors grave, and learn’d, and wife, Never this way lurn your eyys, f ee Let 614 *¢ Let us wander, wild and free, In fport and whimficality, Thro’ gay Fancy’s flowery maze ; - Nor blame us, though you {corn to praife.” Mr. Coxe’s ** Mifcellanesus Poetry” Fequires more room for criticifm than we can well allow. He has tricd his talent at varieties of verfe; and though he may not be as fuccels'ul in the epigram as in the fonnet, he is refpectable both in his original poetry and in his imitations. Of the Jatter, his fonnets trom Petrarch are the beft. We recommend him mott hear- tily to cultivate his talent. Mrs. Mitne’s ‘ Simple Poems on Simple Subje@s” deferve particular enchu- sagement ; not fo much, perhaps, for the ‘extraordinary merit of her poetry, as on account of the fingular circumfiances un- der which it appears to have been written. The Mufe is rarely aulpicious to a life of manual Jabour. Mr. SHeEeE’s ** Rhymes on Art” have confiderable merit; though among great beauties we notice occafional defeéts, The tribute to the memory of Sir Jofhua Reynolds, and the pifiure of a true pain- ter, are among the beft pafliges. The tendency of the poem is undoubtedly to encourage the Britith {chool of painting. Among the poetry too we may very proverly infert ‘* Specimens of early Englifh ‘Metrical Romances chiefly written during the early Part of the Fourteenth Century ;” to which is prefixed an Hittorica! Intro- duGtion, intended to illuftrate the Rife and Progrefs of Romantic Compofirion in France and England ; by GeorGe EL- Lis, Efq. Thefe volumes are intended by Mr. Ellis to fupply a chafm in his former woik of ¢* Specimens of early Englifh Poets,” by explaining more tully the pro- grefs of our peetry and language from the early part of the thirteerith to the middle of the fourteenth century ; and exhibiting a general view of our romances of chi- valiy in their earlieft and fimplett form. ‘The romances themfelves are divided into the following clafles :—1. Romances re- - lating to King Arthur; 2. Anglo-Saxen romances ; 3. Anglo-Norman romances ; 4. Romances relating to Charlemagne; 5. Romances of Oriental origin ; and. Mi‘cellaneous romances. The general outline, and even the f{malleft incidents of each flory, are faithfully given in plain profe, but interfperfed throughout with fuch paflages of the originals as appeared worth preferving either from their poeti- cal-merit, the correct piétures which they reprefent of ancient manners, fiom their Retrofpec? of Domeftic Literature.—Poctry. being charaéteriftic of the author's feel- ings, or of thofe of his nation, The General Introduction contains a variety of curicus obfervations on the changes, pre- fervation, and improvement, of the ro- mance or French language ; on the origin of romantic fiction; and the probability that the firft French romances were wri ten in England ; with a variety of authorities which fuoport the fupp fition ; and con. cludes with an Inquiry into the ftate of Wales during the eleventh, twelfth, and thirteenth centuries. To give any thing like an outline of even one of the ro- mances here would be impoffible. To fome readers they may feem but old- wives’-tales ; but to thofe who have the flehteft relith for our ancient literature, they will be highly acceptable. “© Palmyra, and cther Poems ;"" by T. L. Peacock. Palmyra, which fcems the author's fa- vourite, ‘is an irregular ode, in the ftyle which has been ulually called Pimdaric. Exclufive of the defect which marks the generality of fuch odcs, it has confiderable merit ; and we were not difpleafed with the perufal of his {mailer poems. To two authors have we been lately in- debted for poetry on “* The Pleafures of Lowe.’ From the one, Mr.STEWART, we have received a regular poem, exhibiting the principal charaéteriltics which attend the paffion, To the other, Mr, Firz- WILLIAM, we are indzb'ed for a Collec tion, being *¢ Amatory Poems, Original and Tranflated, from the Afiatic and Eu- ropean Languages.” With the firlt, the admirers of Dr. Darwin will probably be pleafed, as Mr, Stewart feemsa dilciple of his {chool, With the fecond, almol every lover of Englith poetry will be pleafed. The few origina's which are in-~ ter{perfed do Mr. Fitzwilliam’s genius as much honour as the feleétionshe has made do credit to his judgment. ‘© Ballads by WittiamM Haytiey, Efq., founded on Anecdotes relating to Ani- mals.” Three words of Horace, fays Mr, Hayley, may form an introduétion to the following pages, the very words which that amiable phyfician and poet the late Dr. Cotton of St. Alban’s prefix- ed as a moto to his elegant and moral little Volume of ‘¢ Vifions in Verfe” : ‘* Virginibus, puerifque canto.” or in plain Englifh profe,—the book is intended for young readers, Though not equal perhaps to fome of his former compofitions, the ballads have merit. The very purpofe they were written for renderéd Retrofpe of Dimeftic Literature.— Education. rendered it neceffary they fhould not re- ceive that high polifh which marks the «© Triumphs of Mufic.”” The fourth ballad, on the Staz, however, is beauti- ful, and may be faid, without exaggera- tien, to be well worthy Mr. Hayley’s Mute. Thenew edition of ‘* Drunken Barna- bys Four Fournies to the North of En- gland,” in fhort doggrel rhymes of Latin and Englifh, are both coarfe and cffznfive, better fuited to the taffe of the reign of Charles Il. than of George Tif. The Journal, however, has wit, and is laugh- able, and will no doubt find rea ters. Among the poetry of a {till more face- tions clafs may be ranked ‘* The Britifb Martial,” an Anthology of Englith epi- grams. It forms the largeft collection that has ever been publifhed in the lan- guage ; and though every epigram may not finihh ina point of equal entertain- ment with its neighbour, we readily pro- nounce it the beft affortment we have ever feen, As a tranflation we recommend Mr, Boyp’s ‘* Penance of Hugo,” in the man- ner of Dante. [tis clofe, poetical, and {pirited. ‘ Milfs Savory’s “ Infpiration” is re- fpectable. And of Mrs. SERREs’s ‘ Flights of Fancy” we fhall obfcrve, with our bro- ther-critics, that from the portrait pre- fixed we judge more favourably of her perfon than her poetry. Among the poems of an inferior clafs we rank the “ Suicide Proftitute,”’ ** Mo- dern Paris,” Mv, Beresrorp’s ** Song of the Sun,” and Mr. WatKeER’s “ Ra- phael, or the Pupil of Nature 3? though the latter occupies no Jefs than two fmall volumes. The laf piece which we fal] mention is ** The Batile of Trafalzar,” ttanzas by the Rev. James BERESFORD, in which the author difplays more zeal than ability. He fometimesdisigures what might other- wile be good poetry with mean ideas. EDUCATION. © Hints towards forming the Charaéder of a Young Princefs,’"2 vois. 8vo. The education of a Princefs eventually deltin- ed to wear the crown of Great Britain, is a matter of the highelt national concern; and no works, perhaps, défirve more fe- dulous attention from the critic than fuch as cither lay down a general fyftem, or propole even hints for the formation of the charaéter. To enter here into a particu- lar examination cither of the merits or the demerits of the work would be impoflible ; 615 to us it feems executed with various fuc~ , cefs. The importance of knowledge in general, mere efpecially as the duties of a fovereign are concerned 5 the advantages of ftudying ancient hiftory, with the more important zeras in that of our own coun- try ; the necefliry of religion, and the ad- herence to integrity in all political engage- ments, form the principal topics of dif= cuffion in the firft volume: while in the fecond the manners and habits of a fove- veign, both in public and private life ; the neceffity of forming a juft eftimate of per- fons and things ; the choice of books ; and the Church of England ; are the leading fubjeéts comprehended. Jn what selates to the hiftory of our own country, in the firit volume, the peculiar excellencies and def<&s of Hume’s Hiltory are ably no- ticed, and one chapter is devoted tothe con= fideration of the charaéter of Queen Eli- zabeth. It isalmott unneceflary, perhaps, to inform our readers, that the authorefs of the work we are now mentioning is Milfs Hannan More. In many cafes her obfervations are excellent and pointed, but others occur which are not only erro- neous, but prejudiced; and fhe has occa- fionally touched upon matters for which both her information and her judgment were incompetent. Whatever may be the utility of the ‘* Hints” fhe has fuggefted, the affeted terms of language which are fometimes introduced, are no models either for a Princefs or her preceptor. With books of Education, fuch as have been written for juvenile infruétion may be very fairly claffed, Never was there an age when greater pains were taken to facilitate the entrance of youth to know- ledge than in the prefent. Among theft, “© The Book of the Ranks and Dignities of Britifh Society,” and the “ Wonders of the Microfcope,’” claim particular notice. The former is dedicated, by permiffion, to her Royal Hizhuets the Prince{s Eliza- beth ; and gives the biftory of every rank from the molt authentic fources, clofing with Tables of Precedency in England, - both of men and women. The fuccetS of the latter publication gave rile to the ‘* Wonders of the Telc- Scope,” by the fame author: and he cer- tainly has the credit of introducing young read-rs, in a pleafing and popular man- ner, to the enjoyment of contemplations which cannot fail to make them wiler and better. Books of Attronomy, he fays, have hitherto deterred the inquifitive and young from perufing them, by their tech. nical language, or by the want of thole illuttrative plates ot which this work proves 616) proves the fubj-& to be fo fufceptibdle. Gie af the mo% interefting of the plates 3s that which exhibits the conitellations, as feen from the northern hemifphere of the earth: the form of the planet Venus js another, almo't equally amufing, and a third is the great comet of 1680. ‘ On Mrs, TRIMMER’s ‘¢ Comparative View of the New Plan of Education pro- mulgated by Mr Fofeph Lancafer, in bis Tratts conccrnins the Infriclion of the la bouring Part of the Community,” we very readily beitow our praile, though we do not altogether agree with her in’ condemn- ing one or (wo effential parts of Mr. Lan- ealter’s plan. Mr. BruwNemarx’s * Short Intro- * auchion to Sxvedifh Grammar, adapted for th: Ufe of Englifamen,” vay be confiier- ed rather as the peodromus of his G. am- ‘mar, than as forming a complete produc- tion of rielf. NOVELS AND ROMANCES. To thofe who are delighted with the “marvellous and the fympathetic, the pro- duétions-of the lat balf year, in the no vel clafs, may prove amuling. And cc- cafionally, it will be feund, good fenti- mints and good refleions are not incom- patible with irap-doors, fulje pannels, and Jubterranean pafages. ; ~The nuns, tare as the xra of their ap- pearance may be deemed, are fil lead- ing chavaéters ; and the titles perhaps of the ‘* Confiffion of the Nuns of St. Omers,” &¢ The Naw of the Defart,”> ‘* The Nun and ber Daughter,’ CONOLLY’s “ Friar’s Tale,” Mrs. Serres’ St. Fulian,’” and «s The Paraclete,”’ ave as much as a fenfi- ble yeeder will enquire after. Asa romance, ‘* The Brawo of Venicr,” by Mr. M. G. Lewis, has its merit: and among the novels, ** The Life and Cha- vader of Gilbert Purring,” and Mrs, Carvuevon’s ** Homicide,” are entitled toa tolerable fhare of approbation. “ confiderable ferce and fkill, and the ftory abounds with intereft. Lneallufions, in the progre/s of the work, to the hittory of the times, prove that Milfs Owenfon has wer confined Yer reading to mere works of fancy. “ Ferdinand Estzormond, or the Fool of Nature,” by Mrs: Temp re, is a novel ‘of ca lighter clafs, in which the chief objeét of he writerapyesrs tochave been the delinvati n of charagters; aad the has : 4 Retrofpell of Domofit Literature.—AMif ellanies, certainly fucceeded. Some readers may, perhaps, with that the had beltowed more labour upon {ome of the perfonages, but if the is deficient in finifhing her pi€tures, fhe has made ample amends by the multi- plicity of her fketehes. Mrs. Temple is a lady who has evidently mixed much with the beau monde, aid her prefent pro- duétion cansot fail to afford entertain- ment to a wumerous clafs of readers. In fome novels, however, which it has been our fate to examine, where we would williog'y have given commendation to the ftyle as flowing and corres, the plots were iinprobable and romantic; and in others we had matter, but no manner. Tre principal of thofe which we feel it our, duty to recommend, we have’sfeady no. ticed.. To the reft, as they céme in’ fie order of our munthiy catalozues, we Mall apply Macheth’s remark upon tlie fla: dows of the Scottifh Kings— ‘¢ Another and another {tili fucceeds, | And the iaft fool is welcome as the former.” ” DRAMA, Criticifm on the generality of our dras matic productions is literally thrown away, An inartificial and incoherent ftory; a {prightly dialogue, incomprehenfible mei- denis, dulnefs, and abfurdity, form the! general tiffue of fach produétions. gedy is grimaced, and comedy meretris ci-us. When we meet with a perform= ance of a different kind, we have the feel- ings of Addifon’s traveller, who found an unexpected fountain in the defart,— “¢ we blefs our ftars, and think it luxury.” Mr. Tosin’s ‘© Honey Moon” deferves the highelt praife. But our commendation is {adly allayed, by the reflection that itis poltthumous. The plot is flight undoubt- edly, bur the dialogue, which is in eafy verle, difplays a genius above the ordis nary flamp of our dramatic writers. _ © The Venetian Outlaw,” by Mr. En- LISTON, is a copy fromthe romance of Abellino, which, in our opinion, imparts more of the letter than the fpirit of the original. : ’ “¢ Fobn Bull; or, the Enghfiman’s Fire jide,” by Mr.Cotman, which has been lately publifhed, though better fitted for reprelentation than perufal in the clo- fet, isnot among the wort. “The Wid jor the Deed,’ by Mr. Disodin, is full of pung. ; ‘© Jo Marry or not to Marry,” by Mrs. INCHBALD, has lefS of nature in it than - the gen-rality of her productions. — “¢ The: Honeft Soldi r,” Mr. ALUING- Ham’s. ‘* Hearts of Oak,” and ‘ Cuf=* tom's Tia, °’ Retrofpedt of Domeftic Literature—Mifcellanies. tom's Fallacy,” are in the more-ordinary clafs of our theatrical produGtions. Of the reft we fhall fay nothing: the greater part of them are already in oblivion. MISCELLANIES. “ The Works of Edmund Spenfer, in Eight Volumes; with the principal Ilu/- trations of various Commentators, To which are added, Notes, fome Account of the Life of Spenfer, and Gloffarial and other Indexes,” by the Rev. H. J. Topp. When the wiitings of a poet have paffed the ordeal of opinion through fucceffive generations, and his fame continues unim- paired, we have little clfe to do than to hail him as one of the immortals: while the man, who prefumes to comment on his works, becomes the principal object of the critie’s notice, Of the life which is prefixed, Mr. Todd expreffes himfelf in a manner truly mo- deft: ‘* I have added,”’ he fays, ‘* a very humble account of the life of Spenfer, drawn from authentie records, the cu- riofity and impo-tance of which will, I truft, be admitted by the liberal and can- did as an apology for the want of bio- graphical elegance. The reader will, with me, lament that even the materials which I have brought together, and that materials ftill more interefting were not obtained by Johnfen; for Johnfon long fince faid that he would have readily fa- voured the world and gratified his fove- reign, by a life of Spenfer, if he had been able to obtain any new materials for the purpofe.”” As a narrative it is both cu- rious and fober, and forms the principal portion of origiyal matter which the woik contains, The firange ftories of lord Borleigh’s interception of the Queen’s bounty, and the poet’s extraordinary in- troduction to Sir Philip Sydney, are prov- ed to have been without foundation; and Spenfer reprefented not to have died in poverty but affluence. The facts hy which thefe curious anecdotes are eflab- lifhed, only proye that the errors of, Spen- fer’s former biographer’s are unpardona- ble. The portrait with which the life is embellifhed 1s from the only original known, in the pofleffion of the Earl of. Kinnoul at Dupplin Caftle. In the chro- nological enumeration of Spenfer’s woiks, however, there are many particulars which mizht have been referred with greater propriety to fubdfequent portions of the work. In regard to the edition of the poems it is undoubtedly entitled to the credit both of tafte and judgment ; and though the commentaries are perhaps too numerous, and the margin overloaded, MonTury Mac, No. 133. 612 the text is given with a correctnefs which has never before marked the works of Spenfer. The pains which Mr. Todd has taken are accurately defcribed in the ftanza, which, after Mr. Warton’s exes ample, he has adopted from the poet. ‘* The -waies through which my weary fteps I guyde ; In this delightful land of faery, Are fo exceeding {pacious and wyde, And fprinckled with fuch {weet variety OF all that pleafant is to eare or eye, That I, nigh ravifht with rare thoughts de« light, My tedious travell doe forget thereby ; And, when gin to feele decay of might, It ftrength to me fupplies and chears my dulled fpr ght.” In regard to fuch portions of Italian literature as were moft likely to illuftrate Spenfer’s poems, Mr. Todd’s refearches appear to. have been more extenfive than fuccefsful. “« Letters between the Rev. Fames Granger, M. A. Reéor of Shiplake, and many of the moft eminent Literary Men of his Time : comprifing a copious Hiflory and Iluftration of his Biographical Hiftory of Eugland. With Mifcellanies and Notes of Tours in France, Holland and Spain, by the fame Gentleman.” Edited by J. P. Ma.icoim. Among the letters which are here pre- ferved, fcarcely any are calculated to ex- cite an intereft with the general reader. Thofe which relate to Mr. Grangei’s hiftory containa few. correftions and a few additions ; and the moft we gather from them is, that the work at its firft appear- ance was an incorreét one. There is one letter from Dr J hnfon; another from Warton, the poet-laureat ; and a third, a very fhort one, from Mr. Horace Wal- pole: the latter of which, as it relates to Mr. Granger's death, is perhaps the moft interetting inthe volume. Of feveral of the mifcellanies Mr. Grainger certainly was not the writer; and of the notes of tours we prefer thofe which were made in Spain. ’ In the mifcellaneous clafs alfo muft be ranked the late Lord CHEDWoRTH’s “© Notes upon fome of the Obfcure Pafjages in Shakefpear’s Plays.” They are, ge- nerally fpeaking, fort and immaterial; and rather echo the opinions of former’ commentators, than prefent. original, ob- fervation. For a potthamous publication an, Author is not always anfwerable, ; In the firfl volume of a work, entitled, “ Academical Queftions,”* Mr. Drum- MOND has cultivaied the philefophy which 4l was. 618 was agitated in the academy of Plato. It is a work which unqueftionably difplays firong powers of mind; but it is an at- tack upon almoft every fyftem of philo- fophy and every philofopher, from the days of Ariftotle to Profeffor Kant. Mr. KnitGuT’s work on the ‘ Prin- _ ciples of Tafte,” furnifhes abundant mat- ter for curious examination. The col- lateral fubjeéts of his inquiry are multi- farious ; and unproduétive as the title of the book may probably feem to fome readers, the perufal of it will be found both entertaining and infruétive. On the arts of elegance. Mr. Knight's obferva- tions convey a morse than ordinary fhare of intereft; and on Gothic architeéture they are, for the moft part, new. He confiders what we call the cathedral or monattic gothic as a manifeft corruption of the facred architeé&ture of the Greeks and Romans, by a mixture of the Moorith or Saracenefque, formed, according to his ideas, out of a combination of the Egyp- tian, Perfian, and Hindoo; and the pointed arch, which we call the gothic, he at laft determines to be the primitive arch. In a moral point of view, how- ever, the principles of Mr. Knight's in- quiry feem more Jax than thofe of Mr, Allifon. Of importance to the trading, perhaps, _more than to the legal part of the com munity, are ‘* The Laws of Hamburgh concerning Bills of Exchange, carefully copied from the Original in the Archives of ihe Senate of Hamburgh, and tranflated into Englifh.” Tinele laws, it appeais, _were firlt enaéted on the 22d of January, 1711, in a convocation.of the fenate and citizens, and were ordered to be printed for the benefit of foreign nations. In all Jaw proceedings the Hamburghers have been invariably guided by them to the prefent time. Atthe end isa notice of a variation in tle 24th and 25th articles, agreed on by the fenate and burghers, June 14th, 1798. “© The Warks of Epwarp Daygs” contain an excurfion through the principal parts of Derbyfhire and Yorkfhire, fome effays on Painting, and_ profeffional fketches of medcrn artifts. The Jatser written in fome cafes with conliderable acrimony. The effays on painting had been ptevioufly publifhed in the Philof>- phical Magazine. The work was’ given to the worid{-lely for his widow’s benefit. . In this clafs too we fhall place ihe firlt part of the ‘* Philofophical Tranfa@ions of the Royal Society of London, for i805. It contains eight papers: among the Retrofpest of Domeftic Literature VUifcellanies. principal we reckon ‘¢ The Croonian Lec. ture on Mufcular Motion,” by AnTHO- Ny CaRLisLe, Efgy. ‘* An Account of fome Analytical Experiments on a Mi- neral Produétion from Derbythire, confift- ing principally of Alumine and Water,” by Humpurey Davy, Efq. is lefs fa- tisfactory than we expected. At the end we have the ufual meteorological journal for the pcceding year. Out of its proper clafs, but with tco much merit to be omitted, comes ‘* The Narthern Summer,” by Mr. Carr, or Travels round the Baltic, through Den- maik, Sweden, Ruffia, Proffia, and part of Germany, in the Year 1804. A work, which, befides affording a copious fund both of new and curious materials, is highly honourable to the writer’s feclings. Oor review of it was miflaid when that part of the Retrofpeét was printed which relotes to voyages and travels. Having landed in the neighbourhood of Hufum, he proceeds, in the third chapter, to Co- penhagen ; where, among objeéts too nu- merous to give even an abridged detail of here, Mr. Carr defcribes the national tomb of the Danifh heroes who fell in the memorable battle of Copenhagen-roads, on the 2d of April, 1801. [t is a pyra- midal hillock; he fays, neatly turfed, and planted with fapling poplars, correfpond- ing with the number of officers who fell. At the bafe of the principal front are tomb-ftones recording the names of each of thele officeis, and their refpeétive fhips. A little above is an obelifk of grey North- ern marble, raifed upon a pedettal of ora- nite, bearing this infcription, ‘¢ To the Memory of thofe who fell for their Country, their grateful Fellow Citizens raife this Monument, April 2, 1801,” And be- neath, on a white marble tablet, under a wreath of laurel, ock, and cyprefs, -ound © together, is infcribed, ** The Wreath which the Country beftowws never withers over the Grave of the fallen Warrior.” Having defcribed the-batile, he clofes what relates to Denmark in another chap- ter with fome affecting anedotes of the unfortunate Matilda. The firit place of confequence which Mr. Carr deferibes in Sweden, is Stockholm ; where Gufavus III. cccupies a large fhare of deferved panegyric. At Uptala he preferves the following plain Infeription on a monu- ment of Swedith porphyry te the memory of Linnzus :— ‘ Caroro a LInNE Botenicorum Principi Amici et difcipuli, 1798. Having Retrofpec? of American Literature.—Politics. Having given a fhort account of Swedifh Finland, our traveller arrives at the im- portant bridge which feparates the Swe- dith from the Ruffian territories ; and proceeds through Frederickfham toward Pete: fburg, where the manners, as well as the artificial curiofities, of the city are de- {cribed in a manner truly entertaining : and the fourteenth chapter of the work is entirely devoted to the melancholy death of the late Emperor. To afford even a flight idea here of the numerous anecdotes with which Mr. Carr has enlivened his narration, is impoffible : he feems every where to have faftened on the mott difcriminating traits of national cha- taéter ; he appears to defcribe {cenery and manners with equal propriety and correctnefs : and the details which he pre- ferves of coins and poit-charges are well calculated to facilitate the fteps of thefe who may hereafier follow him. Quitting Peterfburg, he proceeded by Narva, Riga, and Mittau, and at laft reached the barrier of the Ruffian empire at Polangen. Me- mel, Koningtberg, and Dantzic, are the principal places in Proffia which Mr. Carre defcribes in the way to Berlin; and at Fraweburg he paid a vifit to the tomb of Copernicus. ‘* The road to Berlin (he fays) has in one refpect a great advantage: 619 there is a conftant and rapid fucceffion of towns and villages, but no fcattered cor- tages: upon every acclivity the traveller commands fix or feven fpires riing from little clumps of trees and clufters of houfes. The road to each of thefe fimall communities, for about a quarter of a mile, is paved with large rough anguiar flones, which confitute the pride of the parifh, and are brought from a great dif- tance, and with confiderable colt. Upon my wifhing them at the devil one day, which I never failed todo as often as [ had to contend with them, my driver turned round and faid, * Do not wifi them there: do you know that each of thofe fize flones colt four good grofchen 2” After reading a molt interefting account of Berlin, the reader accompanies Mr. Carr by a circuitous route once more to Hu- fum, where he quits his travels with the following fentence :—‘* Having felt molt fenfibly, in the hour cf my return, thole prime diftin&tions of my country which eminently and juftly endear her to al] her children, 1 clofe the volume with an ar- dent with that Heaven may gracioufly render thofe diftin@tions perpetual.’” We difmifs «* The Northern Sammer” with the higheft commendation. ee HALF-YEARLY RETROSPECT OF AMERICAN LITERATURE. a POLITICS. N moft of our former Retrofpeétive Notices of the United States we have been induced to prefix to our account of Political Literature fome obfervations on the ftate of the nation with re{peét both to domeftic concerns and foreign relations — Conceiving that this new country exhi- bits to the world fome rare political phe- nomena, we have prefumed that the pub- lic might feel fome intereft in viewing a fketch of its prefent fituation. As every individual poffeffes the right of forming his opinions on his own model, and of de- cently prefenting them to the community, we make no apology to fuch as are inclin- ed to look at this objeét through a diffe- rent medium, Having on former occafions reprefented this country as eminently peaceful, happy, and flourifhing, we find no reafon, at pre- fent, to vary the defcription. Although the florms of party-rage may fometimes vuffle and deform the furface of fociety, we are perfuaded that the molt enthufialtic republican, if called to exhibit in the moft advantageous point of view his favourite form of government, would initantly fe- Je&t the United States as the belt example of ancient or modern times to demonftrate the truth of his theory, and to thew how perfe&tly the prirciples of freedom, and all the bleffivgs of focial life, may con- fpire, under that fyftem of organization, to render a community happy and fecure, Tt is not poffible for human affairs to exhi- bit a more pleafing afpeét than’ the prefent political condition of the United States. — At peace with all the world (excepting the Tripolitan war, which is too diftane and too unimportant to deferve notice here), there is every probability of a long lapfe of time taking place before this peace can faffer any interruption, Fhe natural and moral caufes which lead narions into war in other parts of the world, either do not exift in this country, or exift in fuch little force as {carcely to produce any ef» feét. The re ele&ion of Mr. Jerrerson to 412 the 620 Retrofpett of American the ‘office of Prefident of the United States, and of Mr. CLinTON to that of Vice-Prefident, which took place early in the prefent year, exhibited fo near an ap- proach to unanimity as to excite much furprize. No doubt was entertained of the prefént fyftem of adminiitration being acceptable to a large majority of the na- tion. But after fuch aétive and unwea- ried efforts on the part of the Oppofition to calumniate that fyftem, it was hardly to be expeéted that fo {mall a portion of the ople would fuffer themfelves to be led altray by them from their belt interetts. The licentioufnels of the preffts em- ployed in oppofition to the prefent Admi- niftration has been carried to fuch an ex- cefs of violence and malignity, a8 totally to defeat the defigns of thofe who conduét- ed them, Truth may be obfcured to a certain point, but muft not be too fra- ently milteprefented and infulted by thofe who mean to deceive. A weak and abfurd degree of virulence has in this cafe not only defeated its own purpotes, bat, by rallying the friends, and expofing the aits and defigns of the enemies, of the exilting government, has done it real and laiting fervice. It would be unneceffary at prefent to reiterate the obfervations which have been formerly made to evince the pro{pe- rous fituation and brilliart profpe&s of the United States. All the fources of opulence, fecurity, independence, and power, which have been heretofore no- ticed, areftill abundant and inexhauftible ; and new ones are conftantly opening, which promife to furpafs the old in exube- rance. Leavingit, therefore, tothe voice of faéts, to the confidence and affeétions of the people, and to the award of pofte- rity, to bellow a due tribute of praife on the prefent iyftem of political meafures, we proceed to the details of political lite- rature. A great mafs of pamphlets and other minor publications on political fubje&s are inceflantly iffuing from the prefs in the United States. It would he impraéticable, as wellas an abule of the tinse and pa- tience of the reader, to notice the chicf part of them. «¢ The Conftitutionalift : addrefled to Men of all Parties in the United States, by AN AMERICAN,” is highly intitled to notice. This perrormance is judicioufly defigned to expofe fome of the wild, exira- wagant, and abfurd excufances of republi- caniim which have here and there acca- fionally fhewn themfelves, jometimes among well-meaning men. In the ftata of Literature.—Theology. Pennfylvania thefe appearances have been oftener exhibited than ellewhere, and it is therefore for the meridian of that ftate that this publication is efpecially de- figned. Dr. Danrortn’s * Oration on the Anniverfary of American Independence” contains a warm expreffion of political and patriotic feelings : the author feems to be too much on fire for the cool regions of America. «An Oration on the Acquifition of Louifiana,” by Dr. Davip Ramsay, of Charlefton, South-Carolina, affords a good {pecimen of judicious political calculations and refle€tions, and, at the fame time, of warm, fpirited, and philanthropic elo- quence. The author is already well known to the literary world as an hiftorian and medical writer. This publication fully fupports the refpeflable character he has always held. THEOLOGY AND SERMONS. We have often felt regret that the the- ological literature of the United states fhould be fo much confined to the compo-= fition of fermons. The prefs has long been fo overloaded with this kind of pub- lication, that it ceafes to hold that intereft in the public tafte which the importance of the fubje& undertaken to be difcuffed ought always to infpire. The practice of publifhing fingle fermons on fubjeéts of a local or temporary kind has grown up to an abufe which deferves to be difcounte- nanced. While negligence and medio. crity (to fpeak in the moft moderate terms) form the charaéter of the great mals of thefe performances, it cannot be expected that fuch as deferve more refpeét will be difcriminated and attended to in proportion to their merits. Our attention is drawn, in the firt place, to a volume of ‘* Sermons on va- rious important Subje&s,” by the Rev. ANDREW LEE, A. M., Paftor of the North Church at Lifbon, in the State of Conveéticut. This bedy of fermons contains no inconfiderable fhare of good fenfe, weighty difcuflion, and folid inttruc. tion. ‘They will be relifhed by that re- fpe&table groupe of readers who prefer whatcver is rational, ferious, and impor- tant, even when cloathed in a homely drefs, to that light and fanciful matter which is too often thrown out to the pub- Jic in the fhape of fermons. Such as ex- pc embellithments of ftyle, locidpefs of arrangement, or novelty of refearch, will be difappointed in the perufal of thefedif- courfes. Much commendation has beea ae edly Ratrofpe? of American ‘edly beftowed on ‘ Difcourfes to Young Perfons,”’ by the late Rev. Joun CLarke, D.D., Minifter of the Firft Church in Bolton. The fermons compofing this vo- jume had been delivered to his congrega- tion in the courfe of his minifterial fervices by the excellent author. They are di- rected to a variety of practical and very important fubjeéts, and are as much dil- timguifhed for the benevolent and affec- tionate feelings, as for the felidity, vi- gour, and compafs of underftanding, which they conftantly difplay. Dr. Clarke’s chara&er for learning, talents, and tafte, was greatly efteemed, and will fuffer no diminution by the publication of thefe difcourfes. The Rev. Dr. Dwicut’s ‘* Sermon on tHe Death of Mr. Ebenezer Grant Marth, Senior Tutor and Profeffor-Eleét of Lan- guages and Ecelefiaftical Hiftory in Yale Collese, Connecticut, is defigned to com- memorate the talents and virtues of a pro- mifing young man, who probably fell a vistim to his intenfe application to fludy, and who had given his friends the beft reafons to entertain flattering hopes of his refpectability and ufefulnefsin lite. This fermon is very wellwritten. Befides be- flowing a well-merited eulogy on the cha- yacter of the deceafed, it exhibits in a ftrain of impreffive eloquence the uncer- ee fhortnels, and vanity, of human ife. From the pen of the fame author the public have lately received a ‘* Sermon on Duelling,”” which is well calculated to expole the folly, guilt, and barbarity, of that cuftom. It isto be greatly regretted that penal ftatutes and moral harangues have hithertc effected fo little towards the extirpation of this relic of feudal ferocity. We fear this well-meant endeavour will fhare the fate of all preceding exertions of a fimilar kind. The ability difplayed by the author in the compofition of this fer- amon, and the animatedterms in which he holds up to public deteflation the atro- cioufnefs of this {pecies of homicide, en- title him to the thanks of every friend of humanity and every lover of the peace and good order of fociety. The author, if we miftake not, is the fame perfon who fome years ago publifhed fome poetical pieces, which were a good deal circulated and commended in that portion of the United States commonly called New- England. The frequency of felf-murder for fome years paft in the United States,—=a coun- try of ali orhers in the world the leaft ike- Jy, in a fpeculative point of view, to pros 624 duce inftances of fuch a crime,—has in- duced the Rev. Dr. MILLER, of New- York, to prefent to the public two dif- courfes on ‘* The Guilt, Fo'ly, and Sources of Suicide.”” Thefe difcourfes will be read with. imtereft by all who are anxious to fee demonitrated the conneétion between virtue and happinefs, vice and mifery. They cifplay much acquaintance Literature.—T heology. with buman nature,/and correct views of moft of thofe habits, indulgences, and vices, which are-apt to betray the un- guarded and inexperienced fuccetfively into languor, melancholy, wearifomenefs of life, and at Jaft into all the horrors of defperation. The Rev. Dr. Oscoop, Minifter of a Church in Medford, in the ftate of Maf- fachufetts, has lately appeared before the public on ‘¢ The Validity of Baptifm by Sprinkling, and the Right of Infants to that Ordinance, fupported and defended in two Difcourfes, delivered at Malden, in the Beginning of the Year 1804, oc- cafioned by the fetting-vp of a Baptift Society in that Place.” However unfuc- cefsfull the efforts of theologians hitherto have been towards a fatistactory decifion of this queftion, Dr. Ofgood is not on that account deterred from entering the lifts of controverfy in the maintenance of his opinions. It muf be contefl-d that he wields the weapons of argument with fome force and dexterity, and feems to be in no refpect deficient in that confidence in his means of attack and his chances of fuccefs which are requifite in an attempt to carry the war into an enemy's country. But, after all, it may be ferioufly doubted whether any good can arife from the agita. tion of fuch a queltion as this, which feems to be unfulceptible of a final adjuft- ment, and which will only ferve to em- bitter animofities which long ago have attained an intemperate degree of vio- dence. if On the fame fobj:&, and with a corre- {ponding degree of zeal and,earneftnefs, we find ** A Treatife on Infant Baptilm, proving from the Scripture that Infants are proper Subje&ts of Baptifin ; were fo confidered by the Apoftles ; and did receive that Ordinance under their Minifry.”” The Rev. Mr. Baupwin’s Sermon de- livered before the Firft Baprift Sociery in Bofton, is intitled “ The eternal Purpofe , of God the Foundation of effecrual Call. ing,” It will be readily feen that the ob- ject of this fertnon is to maintain a doe- trine which, however well founded, is not very applicable to moral, practical or wife ful purpoles, . Inthe devifion-of queltions of “1 622 of this fort, there is ample room for the difplay of metaphyfical and logical dexte- rity ;—but where is the tendency to make better Chriftians or better men ? The charaéter of the Rev. Dr. Etior, of Bofton, has been long fo refpectably known to the public, that it is fcarcely meceflary to fay they have received with high approbation ‘* A Sermon delivered betore the Members of the New North Religious Society, upon the Completion of their Houfe of Worfhip.”". The occa- tion furnifhed an opportunity of giving an hiftorical fketch of that church from its firft eltablifhment to the prefent time.— Such a retrofpect as this ferved to awaken a crowd of recollections in which the hearts of his hearers were deeply intere ft- ed. ‘The pathetic and impreffive manner in which this tafk is executed reflects equal credit on the heart and head of the author, and fully fuftains the excellent re- putation by which he is diftinguifhed wherever he is known. The Rev. Mr. TuckerRman’s “ Ser- mon preached at the Requeft of the an- cient and honourable Artillery Company of Botton on the Day of their Election of Officers,” affords a refpeétable fpecimen of pulpit-compofition. The fermon is chiefly defigned to illuftrate the influence of Chrifian principles on general fociety, on the political ftate of a nation, and on the military character, The plan which the author had prefcribed to himéelf is executed in a manner that defcrves com- mendation, “Religion the only fure Bafis of Go. vernment,”” a fermon preached before the General Court of the State of Maflachu- fetts, by the Rev. Samuet KENDALL, is one of the eleStion-difcourfes which are annually delivered before thelegiflature in molt of the New-England fiates. Thefe fermons are generally political ones, and highly tin&tured with the intolerant no- tions of the dominant party. In that portion of the United States the pulpit has Jong been a powerful engine of party-po- litics. ‘© & Sermon delivered at Plymouth (Maffachufetts) on the Anniverfary of the Landing of our Fathers in December 1620, by the Rev. ALDEN BRapForD, A.M.,”’ is the continuation of an old ha- bit, by which the good people of that part ef New-England commemorate the vir- tues of their anceftors, the original fettlers ofthat colony. A principal object of the fermon is to enforce the neceffity of elect- ing only Chriftians to offices of power and trut. Itis fcarcyly neceflary to obferve, 4 Retrofpe® of American Literature. —Theology. in order to explain this, that the Oppofi- tion to the prefent Adminiftration of the United States have long been endeavouring to prove that their political adverfaries have no religion, and that dexterity in wielding this party-weapon is confidered by many as the moft likely means of reco- vering the power and afecendancy they . have loft. The Rev. Mr. Ey, paftor of a church in Lebanon, has been diligently employed in delineating ** Fhe Wifdom and Duty of Magiftrates,” a fermon preached at the general election in Conneéticut in May 1804. Difcourfes of this kind, when realiy defigned to imprefs on magiltrates the right underftanding and importance of their duties, will always be reverently at- tended to by communities which have a proper fenfe of religion and of its obliga- tions. It is only when fufpicion of the finifter purpofes of party is excited, that men are inclined te withhold any part of the refpeét due to the labours of a pious clergyman, The funétions of his facred office fhould con{tantJy elevate him above the mifts of prejudice and faétion, The Rey. Mr. GaRpLNER’s ** Sermon preached at Trinity Church, Bolton, on the Death of the Right Rev. Samuel Par- ker, D.D., Bifhop of the Proteftant Epif- copal Church in the State of Maffachu- fetts,"” exhibits a becoming teftimonial of the refpect due tothe charaéter and memo- ry of the deceafed. The excellence of Bi- fhop Parker's charaéter was fuch as to ob- tain univerfal refpect, and therefore the at- tempt to eulogize him was only to fall in | with public fentiment. There is little in this fermon to imprefs the reader either powerfully or agreeably. The matter is trivial and common-place; the manner fometimes offends by affectation, fome- times by negligence. . Charity, though a threadbare fubject, and on that account difficult to treat ina manner calculated to arreft attention, finds a refpectable advocate in the Rev. Dr. LA- THROP, in ** A Difcourfe delivered be- fore the Members of the Bofton Female Afylum.” Though this fermon is cha- racterized by no fpecies of ornament or elegance, it exhibits indications of an amiable and benevolent heart. In another ‘* Charity Sermon delivered at Providence before the Female Chari- table Society for the Relief of Indigent Widowsand Children,’ we find the Rev. THEOpoRE Depron, A.M., Reéor of Trinity Church in Newport, exerting hts talents with a laudable degree of zeal and earneftnels, The Retrofpee of American Literature.—Medicine, Sc. 625 The Rev. Henry Wark, of Scituate, has lately prefented to the publica fermon, the obje&t cf which is to prove ** The Service of God, as inculcated inthe Bible, our reafonable Choice.” The author un- dertakes to eftablifh the following prin- ‘ciples :—1. That every man will have ‘fome kind of religion. 2. It is not a ‘matter of indifference what religion a man choofes. 3. Chriftianity is the beft of all religions. 4. In proof of this affer- tion, he afks, what is there valuable in other religions which is not in the gofpel ? And, on the contrary, What is there in the gofpel which ought to be expunged ?— This plan of argument is ingenioufly ma- ‘naged, but it has no claim to the merit of originality. At Philadelphia we obferve the publi- cation of a ** Sermon delivered at the Opening of a new Prefbyterian Church in that City, by ASHBELL Green, D.D.” This is a fenfible and eloquent difcourfe, and fully fupports the well earned and long-eftablithed reputation of the author. We clofe this tedious catalogue of fer- mons by noticing “* A Difeourfe deliver- ed at the Ordination of the Rev. Joleph S, Buckminfter, in the Church of Brattle- ftreet, Bofton, by his Father, Joseru Buckminster, D.D., of Portfmouth, New-Hampfhire.”’ It is well adapted to the occafion, judicious, inftruétive, {o- Jemn, and pathetic. MEDICINE, AND THE AUXILIARY SCI- ENCES. The ftate of medical {cience in the United S:ates may juftiy be pronounced to be in a train of rapid progre!s and exten- fion. If any particular fcience can he faid there ‘o take the lead of all others in the rapidity of its courfe and in the im- portance of its developments, itis unquef- tionably that of Medicine. The reafons of this are obvious. The prevalence of malignant and mor- tal epidemics within the laft fifteen years has conferred a new degree of value and dignity on the profeffion. It has produced in the community a deeper conviétion of the importance of that branch of know- ledge. It has awakened ameng phylici- ans themfelves a more ardent {pirit of re. fearch and inveltigation, and has impelled ‘them, by an irrefistible attraction, into the paths in which profeflional reputation and ulefulnets are alone to be found. It has driven them into controverfies, which, being keenly agitated and putting all their powers on the ltrerch, have produced bolder inquiries, more ingenious and more difcriminating theories, more precife and logical habits of thinking and reafon- ing. Another fpring to the extenfion of me- dical {cience in America has been given by the aftonifhing progrefs of the Medical School of Philadelphia.*” This feminary has been rapidly rifing ever fince its fir& eftablifnment, and has now acquired a ce- lebrity and maturity which place it infi- nitely beyond any other inftitution of that kind in the Weftern hemifphere. . The number of ftudents, already very great and conftantly increafing, will in the courfe of a few years certainiy exceed five hundred. The learned profeffors in this {chool, holding a high {tation in point of genius and talents, and allured by the profpe&t of its expanding reputation and ulefalnefs, and of the advantages which in confequence mult accrue to themfelves and al! concerned in it, are zealous ard indefatigable in undertaking every labour and exciting every enterprize which may conduce to its improvement. Exertions fo ftrenuous and perlevering feldom milfs their effect. Holding out to ftudents of phyfic fuch pre-eminent advantages, Phi. ladelphia now attraéts them in crowds from all quarters of the United States. — The medical fchools in other parts of America, poff ffing few or none of thele advantages, and making little exertion to extend or improve their means of inftrue- tion, are dwindling falt inio infignificance. In Philadelphia therefore we henold ere&- ed the grand luminary of medicine for the Weftern World, which already darts its rays toevery corner of North- America.— The utility of this concentration of me- dical light and influence, in order to pro- mote the propagaticn anJ diffufion of them afterwards, muit be obvious to every one who contemplates tie fubjedt. The eliablifiment of periodical publi- cations on medicine and all the kindred branches of learning, appears alfo' to have had a confiderable influence in effecting thefe improvements, By means of thefe publications, many phyficians have been induced to prefent to the community the fruits of objervations and inquiries which otherwife would have lain inaétive and ufe- lefs in their own minds. And many others, ftimulated by the examples fet be- fore them by their neighbours and ac. quaintance, have been determined to “ go and do likewile.”” There is perhaps no feature in the prefent afpeét of (cience in America which augurs fo well concerning its future growch aad diffufion as the etta~ blifiment of three periodical medical pub- lications, 624 lications, and the fupport and patronage which they conftantly receive. From Dr. WaTERHOUSE, Profeffor of the Theory and Praétice of Phyfic, and Teacher of Natural Hiftory in the Univeriity of Cambiidge (State of Maffa- chufetts), the public have received a va- Juable publication, which he intitles «* Cautions to Young Perfons concerning Health.” The object of this performance is to exhibit the general doctrine of chro- nie difeafes, to {hew the evil tendency of the ufe of tobacco upon young perfons, and more efpecially the pernicious effecis of fmoking fegars, and to offer obferva- tions on the ufe of ardent and vinous fpi- rits in geveral. This excellent publica- _tion feems to be calculated to doa great deal of good, by faithfully warning young perfons of the eonfequences ihey ought to apprehend from the abufes and excefles they daily commit in the intemperate ule of tobacco and intoxicating liquors. Dr. Ranp, of Bolton, has lately pub- lithed a Tract containing ** Obfervations on Pithifs Pulmonalis, and the Ufe of Digitalis in the Treatment of that Dif eafe ; with Practical Remarks on the Ule of the Tepid Bath.” The fubfance of this publication was delivered not long fince ina Difcourfe to the Medical Society of Mafiachufeits, at their annual meet- ing, and publithed by their defire. It is to be feared the auth: r is too fanguine in his eftimate of the virtues of digitalis.— Mach has indeed cecurred to diminifii the confidence which it was once believed might be placed in the efficacy of this ce- Jebrated remedy. Dr, Rand, however, is well informed on the fubject, and has done enough to render this performance exceedingly in: nftiveand uf ful. “© The Medical Repofitury, and Re- view of American Publications on Me- dicine, Surgery, and the Auxiliary Bianches of Science,” {till proceeds under the management of Dr. MiTCHILL and Dr. Mii ter, of New-York, and is now arrived at the completion of the eighth volume. The fame fteady and dignified march which diftinguithed the outlet of this publication, fill continues to mark its progrels, and to attraé& more and more of the patronage and fupport of the pub- lic. «© The Philadelphia Medical Mufeum,” cenduéted ‘by Dr. Coxe, in the. three quarterly numbers of the firtt volume, how publifhed, contains many valuable papers, and infpires every reader with confidence in its grewieg uftfulnels, and Retrofpece? of American Literature,.— Medicine, Sei . with refpect for the talents and diligence of the editor. «© The Philadelphia Medical and Phyfi- cal Journal,” collected and arranged by Proteflor Barron, of the Univerfity of Pennfylvania, has now reached the com- pletion of the firft volume. This publi- cation exhibits feveral good communica- tions, and will doubtleis ferve to extend and improve the medical {cience of the United Siaves. While Europe continues, as at prefent, to be vilited with malignant and mortal epidemics, fhe cannot view with indiffe- rence the progre{s of medicine in America. The ravages of the yellow-fever in the Weft-Indies, and in North and South ~ America, fo frequently repeated and con- tinued now for fo long a feries of years, point to the phyficians of thefe regions as the beft qualified, by experience and ob. fervation, to give a clear, practical, and ‘experimental! account of the difeafe, The writings of practitioners in the British and French Weft-Indies have long held a high reputation. Thofe of North-America, and particularly of the United States, have lately become very numerous, and have rifen to a high degre of authority. The feveral quettions concerning the ori- gin, nature, and treatment, of the yel- low-fever, have there undergone difcuf- fions fo animated and enlightened, as to placethe fubjeét ina very fatisfactory point of view. The queltions of its origin and contagioufnefs have been agitated with an efpecial degree of zeal and ferutiny. A very fingular ftate of the public opinion feems to be the refult of thefe inquiries. Certainly, nineteen phyficians of twenty in the United States, and probably a much larger proportion, affert.the domeitic orl- gin and non-contagioufnefs of the yellow- fever ; while perhaps one-half of the merchants, and undoubtedly a majority of the populace, in the commercial cities, believe in the importation of it from abroad. Unfortunately for the opinion of foreign derivation, the few phyficians who ftill profefs to believe that doétrine have been fo far overpowered and filenced by their opponents, as for feveral years paft to have entirely relinquifhed the des fence of it. No medical man of any defcrip- tion has undertaken for along courle of tinte to write in favour of the foreign ori- gin, while the other fide of the queition is fteadily maintained by a groupe of diftin- guithed writers, who are every day fup- porting by sew arguments or illuftrations what they confider as the eftablifhed doc- trine, “> « Retrofpel? of American Literatura —Uifeellaneou'. 695 frine, viz., the domeftic origin of the difeafe. Tt refults therefore from this ftatement, that the great medical majority of the United States perfectly agree in Opinion with the great majority of Britifh phyficians who have refided in the Wett- Endies and written on the difeafes they had obferved ; for all the moft'eminent of the latter (with the exception of Dr. Chifholm) decidedly adopt the do&rine of the domeftic origin and non-contagiouf- nefs of the yellow-fever. To a perfon who refle&ts maturely on this fubje&, it will not appear ftrange that the public miad fhonld be fo divided. The quettions- which prefent themfelves are extremely complicated, and require the confideration of a much greater num- ber of particulars than misds upaccuftum- ed to reafoning and to menial difentan- glement can poffibly comprehend. No point in the hiftory of difeafes has been confidered as more myfterious or difficult to explain than contagion. It is not won- derful, then, that vuninftruéted minds fhould find fuch little fuccefs in folving difficulties which had baffled the exertions of the moft erudite and vigorous. It is not wonderiul that a fhort explanation, which may be comprehended by every body, fhould be preferred to an intricate and laborious inveftigation. To affign to malignant epidemics a foreign origin, and to bring them from diftant regions like an article of merchandize, is to folve the difficulty moft eafily and readily ; it is cutting, inftcad of untying, the Gordian- knot. The fuperftition of imported con- tagion, like witchcraft, is intelligible to every capacity, fuperfedes all seafoning, and arrives in a moment at the termination of the inquiry. This muft be confidered, however, as aferious queftion in regard to commerce, a8 well asto many of the political, focial, and hofpitable relations of different coun- tries. If the popular creed of the impor- tation and exportation of malignant dif- eales fhould prove to be untrue (as there is indeed the greateft realon to believe), then commerce is burthened and reftrigted witheur caufe, and the moft inconvenient Getentions ate impofed without benefit. — Many cities of the United States fuffer Stievous injuries from this fource. Phil- adelphia, once aétive and flovrithing as afty ica-pprt in the Union in her com- mercial afpetts, is now rapidly withering away. ‘Tlie ice deftroys her commerce in the winter, and/a fuperftitious quarantine equally deftroys it in the fummer and au- tumn. It is aftonifhing that the acute- MonTuHiy Mac, No, 138. ‘ nefs of mercantile inveftigations, prompt- ed by the love of gain, haS never tho- roughly penetrated this delufion, and that they fliould have’ profited fo little by the infruGtion of time and experience.— If the principle contended for by the con- tagionifts had been-true, from the enter- prize and extent of modern commerce the world muft long fince have fuffered utter depopulation. What nation would te mad enough to permit the intercourfe of commerce, if this comme c: could make them liable to the introduftioa of difeales more deftragtive than the natural fmal’- pox, and capable of imyading the fame perfon repeatedly and for an indefinite number of times ? If the fmall- pox were capable of attacking the fame perfons repeatedly, like the malignant difeafes whofe importation is apprehended, what community could expect aiiy other period to its ravages than the death of the lait individual of their whole number? -And though the fimall-pox affects’ perfons but once in their lives, what community has ever fucceeded in the attempts to extermi- nate it? In fpite of all-the rigour of the beft-devifed fyftems of quarantine, the fubile poifon would find conveyance, and, once introduced, would for ever bid defa ance toevery attempt at extermination. ‘ The error here undertaken to be com- bated, is a difgrace to the nineteenth century. Medical cbfervation and com- mercial experience, when divefted of pre- judice and fuperftition, and permitted to be jut to themfelves, are all oppofed to it. Yet we fee governments claiming to be enlightened and humane, ordaining confifeation of property and the pains of death, in order to fhut out an evil from abroad, which can only exift by domeftic produétion. MISCELLANEOUS, « The Memoirs of the American Aca- demy of Arts and Sciences,” vol. il., part ii., lately publithed, afford a fatis- factory view of the attention paid to the cultivation of fcience in the ftate of Mat. fachufetts, and of the fuccefs with which tho‘e endeavours have been attended. We find in this part of the fecond volume fe- veral refpe¢table communications on aitro- nomical fubjeéts ; fome iniprovements ino mechanical infruments ; fome in enious papers concerning a variety of objects im natural hiftory ; and a confiderable num- ber of other things in which the aotiqua- ry, the chemift, and the phyfician, would” feel intereft. After the American Philo- fophical Society of Philadelphia, which’ was the firlt affuciation for phil fyphical 4k purtu ts 626 purfuits in the Usited States, we believe the Maffachuaferts Initicution, ftyled ** The American Academy of Arts and Sci- € ices,” holds precedence of all others.— Many of the members of this Academy are diftinguifhed for their attainments in {cience ; and the publication now under notice gives ample proof of the fact. The State of Virginia, which has been remarkably fertile of diftinguifhed men, has not long fince given birth to a perfor- mance of merit, intitled ** The Britifh Spy, or Letters to a Member of the Bri- tifh Parliament, written during a Tour through the United States, by a Young Englifhman of Rank,” It is afcertained, we are told, that this publication comes from the pen of a native American. The fiit letter contains a geographical and piéture{que defcription of Richmond, in Virginia, and its environs, with remarks on the habits, manners, and foibles, of its inhabitants. ‘The fecond letter confilis of a vindication of the Abbé Raynal’s opinion that this continent was once co- vered by the ocean, fiom which it has gra- dually emerged. American eloquence is the fubjeét of the third and fourth letters. On this topic the opinions of the author are compriled in the following general po fitions :—1. That American orators have not a fufficient fund of general know- ledge. 2. They have not the habits of clofe and folid thinking. afpire at original ornaments. The fifth letter is on the fubjeét of a vifit to the fite of the Indian town Powhatour, the me- tropolis of the dominions of Pocahuntas’s father. The fixth, ftventh, eighth, ninth, ‘and tenth letters contain fketches of the characters of fome of the eminent men of the {tate of Virginia, obfervations on ge- nius, ftyle, thewritingsof the Speétater, &c., &e. Many parts of this performance are written with {pirit and force ; and here and there the reader meets with paffiges which are extremely eloquent and inte- refting. : POETRY. ; Under this head the firft place may be properly affigned to the ‘* Mifcellancous Works of Davip HumpuHReys, late Minifier Plenipotentiary of the United States to the Court of Madrid.” The greater part of this volume confifts of po- etical pieces, moft of ‘hem of an occafional kind, and written during or fince the American revolutionary war. The merit of the poetry is fumetimes confiderable ; paflages of great excellence might be fe- leGted now and then; and generally the author does not fall below that refpectable , level of good writing which mutt always 3. They do not - Retrofpee? of American Literaturee—Poetry. require fome native powers of mind, aided by the advantages of careful cultivation. Mr. Humphreys undoubtedly holds a place: among the more refpeétable order of Ame- rican poets. And though we are ready to admit that poetry has not greatly flou- rifhed on this fide of the globe, it is pro- per to claim a due degree of praife for fuch as will confent to make the bef exer- tio sin their power, notwithftanding the infelicity of having been born under ma- lignant ftars. Befides the poetical papers in this volume, we obferve ** A Life of General Putnam,” ‘* Thoughts on the War with Tripoli,” «* An Account of the Merino Breed of Sheep,” and feveral other profe compofitions. ‘Thefe aie generally amufing, and often inftructive and inte- retting. An American edition, confiderably augmented and improved, of ‘** Terrible Tractorstions,” &c., by CHRISTOPHER Caustick, &c., has not long fince iffued from the prefs. This performance has had a good deal of circulation, and by many of the fhallower order of readers has been much admired. There are un- doubtedly fome things in it which are plea~ fant and amufing ; but it is alfo true that the author often attempts to ridicule per- fons and things which are entitled to the higheft veneration. As an imitation of — -Hudibras, we cannot prevail on ourfelves to think highly of this publication. As an original writer, Butler may claim dif- tinguifhed rank. But fuch ftuff as he works, however learned and far-feiched, is formed into fhapes fo grofs and ill-fa- voured, fo vulgar and difgufiing, as, in {pite of the merriment he excites, fpeedily to become offenfive and Joathfome. What then fhall we fay of the herd of imitators of this grofs and naufeous original? To make verfes of this kind is one of the Joweft orders of intelle&tual employment ; it is foeafy, that every vulgar rhymer can perform as ‘inuch of it as he choofes at pleafure. But a later perfsrmance, by the fime writer, which he intitles ** Democracy Unveiled, or Tyranny ftripp’d of the Garb of Patriotifm,”’ deferves to be ftigmatized by much feverer terms of difapprobation. In this every vile fabrication, every mali- cious flander which the rancour of party had been for years employed in raking to- gether againft the prefent Adminiftration of the, American Government, is collec&- ed and coloured with new tints of malig- nity. What the meaneft and moft unprin- . cipled tools of party muft have fhrunk | from undertaking, this man has executed, and that too apparently con amore ; and he feems to be perfectly at home in the tafk. RETROSPECT 2 ( Go7 ) HALF-YEARLY RETROSPECT OF FRENCH LITERATURE. ' HISTORY. SE ISTOIRE des Gaulois, depuis leur origine jufqu*a leur méJange avec les Francs, et juf{qu’au Commencement de la Monarchie Frangaife ; fuivie de Détails “far le Climat dela Gaule, fur la Nature de fes Produstions, fur le Cara&ére de fes Habitans, leurs Moeurs, leur Gouverne- ment, leur Religion, les Sciences et les Arts quwils ont cultivés,” &c.—The Hiftory of the Gauls, from their Origin to their Mixture with the Franks, &c. By M. Pico, Profeffor of Hiftory and Sta- tifticks in the City of Geneva, 3 vols. Svo, The hiftory of France is very obfcure until tire time of Charlemagne. What we know of the preceding reigns has been tranimitted by a few ignorant and inre- refied monks, and therefore merits but little confidence. On afcending three hundred years higher, we difcover the epoch when the Franks obtained poffeffion of a part of Gaul, and conteried their Own name upon it. They fettled there becaufe that rich and cultivated country appeared far preferable to the foil which gave them birth. They did not deftroy the people who had -fubmitted, but only impofed chiefs upon them, and changed their charaéter and habits by degrees. They even adopted fome of their laws, and conformed themfelves in many re{pects to their focial organization. If we are to givecredit to. the French, with an exception of the Hebrews and the Greeks alone, the records of no other nation extends fo high, nor does any peo- ple appear to have played a greater part in Europe, and that too at a tine when the Romans were not known out of Italy. Untortynately, however, they did not cul- tivate letters; we therefere are unable to learn from themfelves what was the na- ture of their government, and the feries of their exploits. But although dettitute of original writers, the hiltorians of Greece and Rome have frequntly mentioned them, and recorded theic exploits. It is by collecting and comparing their tefti- monies, as well as by balancing one againft the other, that we are enabled to obtain fuitable refults. The author of the prefent work, being anxious to obtain precile ideas on this fub- je&t, determined to abandon the perufal of all the modern writers, and recur to the ancients alone, From thefé he was at the piins carefully to extraét all the paflages relative to the Gauls, and to arrange them iw fuch a manner, asto form Firft, A chronological feries ; And, fecondly, A corres account of all important events. Qut of thefe labours has arifen the pre- fent hiftory, and he has carried it down to the epoch of the eftablifhment of the monarchy, and the entire and complete mixture of the Fianks with the Gauls, under Ciovis. . The work itfelf is divided into two parts: the firft contains hiftorical events from the earlieft periods until the conclu- fion of the reign of Clovis, the Prince jufl alluded to, The fecond comprehends a ftatiftical account of ancient Gaul, the government, cuftoms, religion, and natu- ral produétions of the country, together with the ftate of its acquifitions of all kinds; in fhort no‘hing is omitted. If we are to give full credit to M. Pi- cot, the ancient Gauls undertook memo- rable expeditions into Spain, England, and even Afia. We are told that 600 years before the Chriftian era, and at the period when the Phocians founded Mar- feilles, a leader of the name of Sigovefius eftablifhed himfelf in the South of Italy, while Bellovefius fubjugated the North, which thenceforth received the name of Cifalpine Gaul. There he built Milan, Coma, Verona, &c, and formed that re- doubtable power that burnt -the city of Rome and laid fiege to the capitol. On the other hand, the,Gauls eftablifh- ed on the borders of the Danube extended their conquefts to Macedonia and Greece, attacked the temple of Delphos, obtained poffeffion of a large traét of country, and at length befieged and pillaged Byzan- tium. After having thus traced the progrefs of the conquefts and eftablifhments of the Gauls in Europe and Alia, M. Picot can= didly undertakes to purfue a fair flatement of their misfortunes. By ftruggling with the Romans during fome centuries, they were taught how toconquer them, They always difplayed the fame audacity, the fame intrepidity ; but being deftitute of a fixed plan, and frequently difunited among themfeives, they bec»me enfeebled by means of their viétories, and did not learn how to profit by their advantages. The Romans, on the contrary, drew in- ftru&tion from defeat; eftablifhed in the capital of the world, under a government at once free and regular, they made daily , progrefs in civilization and the atts, and enfured their domination by conflancy and difcipline. _ The Cimbri and Teutones, thofe bar- barians of the North, ravaged the coun- try of the Gauls, and certainly rendered i Kz the ee A) Fey er eee 628 the conqueft of it more facile to Czfar, who after ten years of combats com- pleiely overcame them; but for this he was more indebted to the power of his genius, than the valour of his troops. & Several traits,” it is added, ‘* have been accidentally recorded by hiftorians, tending to prove that the Gauls entertain- ed jult ideas of grandeur and generofity. Terrible in battle, and cruel to the van- quifhed, they were at the fame time hol- pitable, faithful, and fincere; above all things, they held treachery in abhorrence. Among them, the women were refpeéted ; and they merited to be fo, by their virtues. ¢ They were doubtlels fuperititious and barbarous: but had the Romans any right. to reproach them with this? Let us de- cide by fome faéis felected at the begin- ning, the middle, and the end of a long war between thefe rival nations. “ The firft time that the Gauls at- tacked the Romans and laid fiege to their city, was to avenge the violation of the Taw of nations, for which they had in vain demanded jullice by means of their deputies. : ** On another eccafion, when their ap- proach once more carried terror to Rome, the citizens, with a view of rendering the gods favourable, interred a living man and woman appertaining to the Gauls. «¢ At athird period, when Celar had overcome them, Vercingetorix, who might have efcaped, entered his camp to. implore the clemency, and confide him(elf to the generofity of the vitor, hut be was feized, conducted to Rome, and Served to grace the triumph of the con- *queror.”” «© Examen critique des anciens Hifto- riens d’Alexandre Je Grand.’”—A critical Examination of the ancient Hifterians of Alexander the Great. The author of this work, in 1772, was honoured with the prize: of the Academy of Belles Lettres, “tor his differtation on the fame fubject. Tt received, at the lame time, the approbation of the learned throughout Europe, and was tranflated in- to a variety of foreign languages. Not content with this, M. de Saints Crorx has re-caft and re-written all his materials, in order to render his labours more de- ferving of the eulogies of che public. Tn a well-written introduction, we are prefented with a fketch of the ancient hiftory of Greece, in which he traces the original motives of the hatred of the in- habitants to the Afiatics. We at the fame time learn the true caufe of the Tro- jan war, the expedition of Xerxes, and of Retrofpec? of French Literature.—Hiftory. the difputes of the Grecian cities, whds after triumphimg over: their enemies, quar- relled with each other. At length the fovereign of a petty king- dom was enabled to effe& what the mighty monarchs of the Eaft could never accomplifh. Philip King of Macedon, after remaining nine years as an hoftage at Thebes, during which period he had re- ceived the inftructions of Epaminondas, and obtained a perfect knowledge of the chara&er of the natives, returned to his own dominions. On his arrival he io- ftantly appeafed the troubles which had long prevailed there, fett'ed the admini- firation of public affairs, formed the in- vincible Macedonian phalanx, and, becom- ing mafter of fome mines of gold, recruit-_ ed bis exhaufted finances, extended his conguefts, and, by means of his immenfe wealth, kept up thofe fatal divifions in Greece which, at length, enabled him to fubdue it. Being thus difengaged from all his fears, he turned his views towards Afia, whither Attalus and Parmenio had already con- duéted a body of his troops, ana he him- felf was preparing to follow, when he was ilabbed during a feftival, at the age of forty-fix, leaving the execution of his im- menfe projeéts to his fon, Before he undertakes to examine the -charaéters of the hiftorians of Alexander, M. de Sainte Croix deems it proper to give fome account of thofe who immedi- ately preceded them, for the purpofe of affording the means of comparifoa. “ Dio- dorus, Arrian, Quintus Curtius, Plutarch, and Juttin, then pafs in review, and their merits are examined with the moft fcrupu- lous impartiality. In addition to this, he recurs tothe Arabianand Perfian authors who have mentioned Alexander, and makes ufe of the extraéts which have been. furnifhed him by M. Silveftre de Sacy from Macrizi, Novairi, Mirkhond, &c. Te ought to be obferved, however, that thefe have admitted into their hiftories a variety of incidents, fo novel and fo won- derful, that they deferve infertion in the volumes of the Arabian Nights, rather than in the annals of this celebrated con- queror. <¢ Effais hiftoriques fur Paris, pour faire fuite aux Effais hiftoriques de M. Poul= lain de St. Foix,” &c.—Hiftorical Effays relative to Paris, forming a Continuation of the hiftorical Effays of M. Poullain de St. Foix, by AucusTIN POULL«IN DE Sr. Forx. This work abounds with a multitude hilorical refeQtions fuggeited by the ap- pearance Retrofpec? of French Literature. Hiftory. pearance of certain buildings ftill confpi- cuous in Paris. “Tn 1684,” fiys the author, * the houfe of the filles du Saint Sacrament, jife rue S. Louis au Marais, was fill the hocel Turenne. This hotel has conferred its Name on that fpacious and regular fireet, fince the afhes of the immortal hero have been transierred to the Invalids. « Turenne,”’ fays Bulli, ‘* was fo well acquainted with the profeffion of arms, from iong praétice, that what with this, and what with a good judgment and ex- traordinary application to the art, he found means (o render him/elf the greatelt cap- tainof hisage. To hear him talk at the council-board, he appeared the molt inre- flute man in the world ; however when it became neceflary for him to make up his mind, no perfon in exiftence was more quick or more decilive.. His true talent, which in my opinion is the mof eftimable _in war, was to re-eltablifh affairs after they had got into a bad ftate. When he was weaker than the enemy, and began to engage, there was no fpot of ground chofen for giving battle in, whence he could not by means of-a:rivulet, a wood, or an eminence, extra&t fome advantage.” The hotel de Lamoignon, which was _begun by Diana de Poitiers, and finifhed ‘by Charles de Valois, duke of Angou- leme, recalls the memory of the virtues, and the deplorable end of the late. M. Malefherses. This worthy man, although he had difapproved many things during the reign of Louis XVI., and been twice difmiffed by that monarch, yet devoted himfelf to his caufe the mument he was imprifoned. Abandoned by the nobility and the people, he alone remained with him; he alone was his triend. “kin is tuck. ed up by means of a rband, and where caultic dialogue, lyoxeye, and quivering t lip, 648 . Retrofped? of French Literature.—Novels and Romances. lip, are in perpetual a&tion. During the laft fifteen years, he has interrogated twice a day, and inthe felf fame /pot, not Jefs than from fifty to fixty travellers, whom he confiders as fo many fubaltern purveyors, convoked for the exprefs pur- pole of furnithing food for his memory. Accordingly, what fine/e2 of expreffion! what a treafure of acquifitions! At a fingle glance, he becomes acquainted with your country and your errand. On hear- ing you pronounce but a word, he di- vines the extent of your talents, and an- ticipates every word that you are about to utter.”” The author has not prefixed his name to this little work, but it is well known that it was written by the fame pen as that which produced ‘* Raifon & Folie ;” and it is almoft unnecefflary to obferve, that it was compofed for the exprefs pur- pofe of confirming Bonaparte’s preten- fions to the diadem. « Tulikan Fils de Gengifkan, ou PAfie confoleé,” &c.—Tulikan Son of Gengifkan, or Afia confoled, by An- THONY GiBLIN. 1 vol. 8vo. 2d edit. Gengifkan Emperor of the Moguls made his appearance towards the middle of the twelfth century. He is one of the moft famous warriors in the annals of the world ; and never did any conqueror over- run a greater extent of country, or fub- jugate more nations, —- : Voltaire, in his tragedy of ‘* The Or- phan of China,’’ makes a hero of him; but hiftory reprefents him as a rufian who converted Affa into an immenfe cemetery, where he reigned by means of carnage and defolation. Of his four fons, none of them, Tulikan excepied, was fage, juft, or humane. The others refembled their father, both in courage and ferocity. The above are hiforical truths, and ferve as the bafis of the prelent work ; we now come to thofe that have been fuper- added. Gengifkan, after conquering and defo- Jating China, diftributed his immenfe ac- quifitions amoung his children, who were to govern them dyring his abfence. To the haughty Ogothai was confided Tar- tary; the fierce Azar was entrufted with the management of Perfia and Arabia, while Cathay fellto the lot of young Tu- likan, The author does not name the fourth fon; it is uncertain, therefore, whether he accompanied his father in bis triumphal eareer, or was entrufted with the management of any fparate ftate. Yelu, Vice-roy of Latong, was in- debted for his life toa noble action, which aftonifhed the ferocious conqueror; and made him acquainted with the charms of clemency. In confequence of this, he became attached to che perfon of his fon, the young Tulikan, and, in return, gave: him inttructions replete with fagacity, po- licy, and virtue. Among other matters, he recounted ¢o him the particulars of the origin, flovrifhing ftate, and deftruction of Cathay, and thus made him acquaint- ed with a people who will be always cele- brated, on account of the fage and virtu- ous Confutzée, known to us by the name of Confucius. The Prince becomes interefted at the recital; he laments the miferies of a kingdom once fo prof{perous, and he withes them to ceafe. The exiles are-accord- ingly allowed to return; the conquerors and the conquered are united to each other; agriculture is re-animated and protected, commerce re-eftablifhed, and the laws revered. Happinefs fucceeds to defolation ; the arts begin to flourith; education, the f{ciences, and morals rear their heads ; letters are efteemed and ho- noured, Thefe benefits are not forgotten, Tulikan is beloved by the people whom he has rendered happy: butabove all, he is efteemed by Arzemi, the daughter of Altong King of Cathay, who, after be- ing vanquifhed by Gengifkan, deftroyed * himfelf, by fetting fire to the royal pa- Jace, with a view of efcaping from the fury of the conqueror. At this agfpicious epoch, Azar, bro- ther of Tulikan, being on his death-bed, earneftly defires to fee him, and a depu- tation trom the Perfian court implores his pretence. Unable to refift the various motives by which he had been urged, he fets out, behalds Azar expire, appeafes the troubles of the kingdom, and reftores their ancient government to the Perfians. In the mean time, during his abfence, Tienzo, fon of Altong, and brother of Azemi, arrives at Cambalu, the capital of Cathay, in the fituation of a flave, and the minifter Yelu, in coacert with his own filter, immediately loofe his fet- ters. He then recounts his misfortunes, and informs them at the fame time, that his breaft ftill contioves to be actuated with the wish, and the hope, of avenging the death of his father, and re-conquering the empire of his anceftors. It is in vain that his fifer, together with the Vizir, praife the wifdom and the virtues of Tu- likan 3 the joy, the tranfports, and the happinefs of the: people, in vain announce how. worthy he is of the throne occupied y _ Retrofped? of French Literature.—Poetry. by him. Giving way to his fury, the young Prince drags Azemi to the tomb of his anceftors, and makes her {wear eter- nal hatred againft the fovereign whom the loved. Azemi, overawed, at length pro- nounces this facred and terrible oath. On the return of Tulikan, he learns that Tienzois in company with his fitter ; he felicitates himfelf at the event, and is in hopes that he will approve of his paf- fion. In the mean time, Azemi conveys information to him of her brother’s pro- jects, on which he. repairs to his apart- ment, and addreffes him in the following manner : *¢T am informed of all thy defigns ; it is thy with to affaffinate me. Behold me now before thee—alone and unarmed— fttike, and re-plunge thy native country into defolation.”’ This act of boldnefs aftonifhes Fienzo, and the Prince feizes the moment, as his father was jut dead, to make him an offer to reign over Cathay, while he and-his fitter fhould repair to Perfia, and give laws to an obedient people. — Fienzo appears to yield—he rejoins Azemi—reminds her of her oath—and holding up a poniard in one hand and a poifoned chalice ‘in the other, he gives her the choice. He then ftabs him- felf, while the fitter diinks the fatal draught. On hearing of this terrible cataftrophe, Tulikan inftantly repairs to the {pot, and is overwhelmed with defpair.. He re- ceives the lait words, and the latt fighs of Azemi; amidft the profound agonies of his grief, he wifhes to die; but Yelu re- minds him of his ducies in a {peech re- plete with good fenfe as well as fentiment, The obedient King hears, and confents to live and reign: “+ Mais il ne {agit plus de vivre, il faut régner.”” Racine. This compofition appertains to the cla(s of poetical romances, and we have been at fome pains co analyze the ftory, accord- ing to the lecond edition of the work. POETRY. © La Fantaifie,”. &c.—The Sports of Infancy, a Poem by M. Rasoreau. 5 Vol. 3vo. Of this little poem Janfon is the hero, and Rofe his fifter the heroine. While the one dreffes up her doll, the other, by way of contraft, amufes himfelf with his drum and trumpet. The following lines defciibe the {port afforded by the feats of a bear: Montuiy Mac, No. 133, 649 ‘¢ Lranimal, lent, grave, fombre et fourré, Hate, jadis, des glaces de Norwége, Qui maintenant, de badauds entouré, L’ongle réduit et le mufeau ferré, Regrette, hélas! fes montagues de neigey Et fur deux pieds balancé gauchement, Aux movemens d’une fauffe cadence, Trés-peu jaloux de lapplaudiffement, Affujettit fa lourde contenance. Autour de lui, plus fémillant 4¢teur, Bertrand Vefpiégle, armé d’une baguette, Gambade, court, f’arréte avec humeur, Chapeau tendu, va fuire la recette, Croque une noix, nargue le {peétateur,” &ce The twelfth-cake next engages the ate tention of the poet; and after enjoying the honours of the night, the boy-king cheerfully parts. with the enfigns of roy- alty : ¢¢ Mais d’abdiquer Fanfan voit le moment + L’heure f'avance 5 et le fceptre éphémére Va {’échapper de fa main débonnairs. Aux coups du fort, il fe foumet gaiment 5 Et dépofant Vautorité fupréme, Sur le duvet il va tranquillement Se délaffer du poids du diadéme.” The concluding lines of this charming little poem poffefs a confiderable claim to merit: «© Lvenfant n’eft plus, et ma tache eft rem- plie; Lorfq 4 tes pas un fentier périlleux Vient de fouvrir. O toi pour qui commence D’un ciel nouveau labrillante influence! Tu fuis déja ie peintre de tes jeux. Emporte au moins fes regrets et fes veux Dans la carriére ot ton ardeur f’élance, Chéris toujours Page de innocence, Et fouviens-toi qu’il te rendit heureux.” «* Poéfies de J. C. GRANCHER, Pro- fefleur de Langues anciennes aux Ecoles contrales,”” &c.—Poems by J.C. GRAN- CHER, Profeffor of ancient Languages in the central Schools. Paris. Of thefe pieces, {ome are fatirical, and fome ferious. There is confiderable me- rit in the verfion. The worm, who is enraged at the idea of living in retirement, and therefore piercing the foil in every di- rection, becomes— <« Jaloux de terroigner fon audace profond. A le voire, on efit dit Fernand Qui f’emparoit de noveau munde.” The following lines are of a grave caft ; PHOCION. Phocion condamné f’avancoit au fupplice. Ses amis, en pleurant, lui faifoient leurs adieux ; Le bourreau confterné le pleuroit avec eux 5 Le peuple en foupirant {"accufoit dinjuflice. 4N & clon 650 Phocion feul, le front calme et ferein, Sans étre épouvanté fixe fa derniére heure, Les yeux au ciel, il éleve la main» Phabiterai bientot la célefte demeure, Amis, dit il ; Athéne a décidé mon fort 5 Son arrét m’eft facré; mon ame eft immor- telle Je n’ai qu'un feut regret, je voudrois que ma mort . Ne rendit pas Athéne criminelle. Et toi (f’adreffant 4 fon fils, Qui jeune encor verfoit des larmes) Tu vois en ce moment les dernieres alarmes Qui me caufent mes ennemls. Imite-moi; plains les; fers toujours ton P2ys5 C’eft ainfi que tu dois honorer ma mémoire ; Et fi les Grecs un jour timmolent comme moi, Mon fils, penfc 2 ton pére alors, et fouviens- : to Que périr innocent eft périr avec gloire. ** Le Poéeme de la Navigation.”-—Na- vigation, a Poem, by J. EMeNARD, 2 vols, ave. The author confecrates the three firft cantos to the defcription of the infancy of that art, which has rendered man the maf- ter of a formidable, and often a perfidi- ous element. He then treats of ancient Egypt, of the Phenicians, of Greece, of the voyage of the Argonauts, of the in- vention of fails, and of the long and bloody wars between Rome and Carthage. At length Chriftopher Columbus difco- vers: an unknown world, and his unex- peéted fuccefs produces a due degree of emulation on the part of all the furround- ing nations. . The poet next defcribes the voyage of Vafquez di Gama, after which he dwells on the fanguinary {pirit of rivalfhip, which has prevailed for fo many centuries, between England and France. On this occafion, he does not forget to boatt of the glory of the nation of which he him- felf conititutes a part, and he terminates the whole with an analyfis, pointing out how much navigation is indebted to the progre(fs of the other {ciences, while they, on the other hand, have received great be- nefits from the dilcoveries of Wallis, Bi- ron, Bougainville, Anfon, Surville, &c. The following lines, which contain the inftructions of Louis XVI. to La Pey- roufe, on his departure, confer honour wpon that unfortunate monarch : 6 Vous allez, lui dit-il, aux yeux de nos rivaux, ¢ Porter le nom Frangais chez des peuples wouveaux 5 Retrofpedt of French Literature,—Poetry. — € Je veux qu’on leur en laiffe un fouvenir augutte : © Ceft peu d’étre puiflant; foyez bon; foyez jufte. € Je hais le trifte orgueil de ces lauriers cruels € Qu’ont arrofé les pleurs et le fang des mor- tels, ¢ Adieu: le fort jaloux peut tromper la pru- dence: ¢ Mais je fuis fatisfait fi dans ce globe im« mente, 6 © Inftruit par yos lecons, par vos foins géné- reux, £Un feul homme devient plus fage on plus: heureux.” Tel fut Padieu touchant de fon ceur magna- nime. O de nos temps affreux mémorable victime ! Monargne infortuné, digne un autre fort 5 Méconnu dans ta vie, immortel par ta mort.” La Peyroufe, on leaving his native fhore, heaves a figh, which occafions the poct to exprefs himfelf as follows: “¢ Trois fois les matelots crurent que l’aquilon Dans le calme des vents mugiffluit fur leurs tétes ; Trois fois Voifeau plaintif, meflager des tem- pétes Au fommet de fes rocs f’offrit 4 leur regard, Et de fon cri finiftre effraye leur depart. Eh! qui prét achetcher fur les ondes Emues, De la terre et des flots les boanes inconnues, N’a pas fentifon cceur, en ce moment fatal, Frémir, et {’attacher au rivage natal ! Le plus brave guerrier, quand la barque ja- loufe Le ravit lentement a l’amour d’une époufe, N’aborde point fans crainte et fans étre agité La nuit de l’avenir et de l’éternite.” «© Le Cimetiére de Campagne, Stances elegiaques, traduites de 1’Anglais de Gray.”’—Gray’s Elegy in a Country Church-yard, tranflated from the Englifh by M. KerivavLaNnT. As many of our readers may be defirous to fee this celebrated little poem in a French verfion, we have tranicribed it on purpote; Le jour baiffe; du foir j’entends les fons fu- nebres ; Le troupeau qui mugit, abandonne les champs; Le bouvier fatigué fe retire a pas lents 5 Me voila refté feul au milieu des ténébres. L’ombre a du payfage efface les couleurs ; Lé filence et la nuit fétendent fur le monde ; L’efcarbot feul encor, bourdonnant a la ronde, Endort, dans la campagne, et brebis et paf- teurs. : Des créneaux d’une tour que tapiffe le lierre, A Vaftre de la nuit, le hibou folitaire Se plaint de l’importun dont les pas indifcrete De fou muet empire ofent troubler la paix. A Pombre a Retrofpeé? of French Literature.—Poetry. A Vombre de ces ifs, fous ces ormes antiques, Ou des monceaux poudreux fe couvrent de gazons, Dormant des villageois les ancétres ruftiques, Pour toujours reflerrés dans leurs fombres pri- fons. Le fouffle parfumé de l’aurore nouvelle, Le cor retentiffant dans les échos lointains, Le chant aigu du coq, lé cri de I"hirondelie, Rien ne peut les tirer de leurs lits fouter- rains. Ils ne verront donc plus la flamme pétillante Du foyer ott Pépoufe apprétoit leurs repas 5 Ni des enfans joyeux la troupe bégaynte, Pour ravir le baifer, fe fufpendre 4 leurs brage Qwils aimoient, triomphant d'une glébe ob- ftinée, A mener la charrue, a tracer un fillon! Que de fois leur faucille abattit la moiffon ! Que de fois la féret gémit fous leur coignée ! Ceflez de yous moquer, hommes ambitieux, De leurs jeux innocens, de leurs travaux utiles: Du laboureur obfcur les annales flériles Peuvent braver des Grands les fouris dédaig- neux. Labeauté, le pourvoir, les tréfors, la naiffance, Tout ce qui des humains féduit le fol orgueil, Ne fauroit de la mort éviter la puiffance: Le fentier des honneurs ne conduit qu’au cer- cueil. Eh quoi! faut il du pauvre accufer la mé- moire, Si la fienne jamais dans le temple n’obtint Ces pompeux monumens, qui femblent au Dicu faint Difputer le lieu méme ou I’on chante fa gloire? Par le marbre ou lairain, qu’anime le cifeau, Une froide pouffiere eft-elle réveillée ? Par Veloge menteur qu’on prodigue au tom- beau, Voreille de 1a mort eft-elle chatouillée ? Dans ce coin dédaigné git peut-étre grand ceur ; Un bras, dont on auroit admiré la valeur ; - Cette autre Cut guidé les rénes d’un empire ; Cette autre cit fait porler les accords de la lyre. Mais la froide Indigence, arrétant leur efor, A glacé le torrent de leur bouilJant génie ; Des dépouilles du temps la Science enrichie Jamais ne leur ouvrit fon immenfe tréfor. Aux lieux inhabités, ainfi les dons de Flore Exhalent vainement leurs parfums dans les airs 5 Ainfi, dans les climats ot fe léve l’éurore, La perle vainement blanchit au fein des mers. Isi dort un Hampden, dont le male courage Combattit les tyrans de fon petit village ; Quelque Milton fans gloire, au Parnafle ig- noré ; Un Cromwel, qui de fang ne fut point altéré. 651 Srils n’ont pas, au fénat, fait tonner Welo- quence ; Bravé des factieux et l’audace et les traits ; Au fein d’un peuple entier répandu Vabon- dance ; Dans fes yeux recueilli le prix de leurs biene s faits; En bornant leurs vertus, le fort borna leurs crimes. On ne les vit jamais, a travers les victimes, Se frayer le chemin a d’infames honneurs; © A la pitié jamais ils n’ont fermé leurs ceeurs. Ils n’ont point étouffé le cri de la juftice, Ni cacké la rougeur de leurs fronts ingénus : Sur la tombe jamais, pour télébrer le vice, ” Leur Mufe ne vendit fon encens 4 Plutus. Ils ne partageoient point la commune folie; Ils ne f’égaraient pas en veux immodérés ; Mais, au fond des vallons, paifibles, retirés, fis fuivoient, fans éclat, le fentier de la vie. Aujourd’hui méme ercor fur leurs froids offe- mens, ; S’éléve un fréle abri qui les garde d’outrage ; Quelques vers mal-tournés, de groffiers ornee mens, , Implorent dun foupir le paflager hommage. L’age et le nom, tronqués par Dignare écri vain, , Telle eft leur épitaphe, et leur feule élégie, De verfets, 4 entour, une longue férie Fait réver le leCteur fur fa derniére fin. Quel homme ne regrette, en perdant la lu- mie€re, Ce mélange de jours fereins et ténébreux ? Quel mortel, -atteignant le bout de la car- riére, Ne jette fur la vie un regard douloureux ? L’ame, prés de f’enfuir, cherche encore un ceur tendre, L’ail qui va fe fermer, ré-clame quelques pleurs 5 La nature au tombeau parle encor; notr cendre ‘ Du feu qui l’anima, jette encor des lueurs, Lorfque j’effaie ici de venger la mémoire, De ces morts gu’oublia Je fort injurieux, Si quelque étre fenfible, attire dans ces lieux, S’informoit, pat hafard, de ma modefte hif- toire: Peut-€tre un villageois couvert de chevaux blancs, Répondra: ‘¢ Chaque jour on le voyoit aux- champs * Devancer le foleil, et fous fes pas rapides ‘© Abattre la rofée en nos plaincs humides. “6 Nonchalamment couché fous le feuillage epais, “Dont ce vieux hétre au loin ombrage la verdure, “€ De la chaleur du jour il evitoit les traits, “ Suivant, dun @il réveur, le ruiffeau qifi murmure, 4Na *¢ Souvent _ 652 {* Souvent, dans la forét, ilerroit au hafard, *¢ Morne, ou dun air moqueur affeétant de fourire, *< Murmurant quelques mots; d’autres fois, Veil hagard, £¢ Dun amour fans efpoir maudiflant le délire. €¢ Un jour il ne vint point réver fur le coteau, S¢ Dans le champ de bruyére, au pied de fon vieux hétre ; “¢ Le lendemain encor, on ne le vit paroitre, © Ni dans les bois voifins, ni le long da ruif- feau. ¢ Le jour fuivant, j’entends un hymne funé- raire €¢ Je vois un noir cortége en longs habits de _ _ devil ; €¢ Cé€toit lui-méme, hélas! couché dans fon cercueil : ‘¢ Lifez fous le buiffon qui recouvre Ja pierre : EPITAPHE. §€Un jeune homme inconnu repofe en ce tombeau : €€ Ni Por, ni les grandeurs n’embellirent fa vie; "4 Mais il fut adopté par Ia Mélancolie ; s¢ Et le Savoir daigna lui preter fon flambeau. ¢ Soutien des malheureux, fa tendre bienfai- fance *€ Teur donna le feul bien qui fut en fon pouvoir, / *€ Une larme--+-Il obtint du Ciel pour ré- compente £¢ Un ami----Ce tréfor furpafla fon efpoir. “* Lreloge déformais lui feroit inutile: “© Que la fatyre au moins refpeéte fon afile! ** Lrefpérance et la crainte, en ce terrible lieu, “¢ Se confondent au fein et d'un Pére et @un Dieu !? ‘* Sappho, Poeme en dix chants.’"—Sap- pho, a Poem, in ten Cantos, by L. Gorse. The name of Sappho awakens the re- membrance of love and misfortune. Bar- thelemy fays, ‘© When I read fome of her works, I dare not abfolve her from the charge of many errors; but as fhe poflefled a and enemies, I dare not condemn ler.” OF this celebrated female, Ovid, Dorat, Blin de Samour, together with Madame Hautpoul, and Madame de Salm, have all aéted by turns as the interpreters; but inftead of a,hynin or an elegy, M. Gorle has here prefented his countrymen with a whole poem. As both the rhyme and epithets have been feverely criticifed, we fhail content ourfelves with a very fhort extract from that part, where the Poeteis, deipairing to behold Phaon again, after he had betrayed and left her, with a view of feducing Trelefia, exclaims : “© Wine vient pas! accablante affurance ! Ul ne vjent pas! tout, jufqu’a lefpérance, Retrofpell of French Literature—Poetry. Tout m’abandonne 4 mon cruel ennui. Sage Pallas! fois du moins mon appui ; Pour me fauver du fort qui me menace, Que ton égide en mon 4me remplace Le trait fatal dont Amour me pourfuit + Et de que! droit ce Dieu qui me trahit Veut il régner fur un ceur qu’il déchire ? Va, porte ailleurs ton funefte delire ; Sans aggraver le poids de ma langueur, Laiffe-moi feule en-butte 4 mon malheur. Perfide Amour! de tes faveurs trompeufes Jvi trop connu les amorces flatteufes ; C’eft dans le fein des plaifirs féducteurs Que tu te plais a forger nos douleurs. « Paradis perdu de Milton.’’—Milton’s Paradife Loit; tranflated into Frénch Verfe by J. DeLitue. Three different papers, 3 vols. each, 18mo. from 10 to 6 franks ; 8vo. from 13 to 43 fr.3 4to. from 48 to 260 fr.; at.Paris. Imported by De Boffe, Gerrard-ftreet. We have already announced this fplen- did work, and it is no imal] proof of the tafte of the French, that even amidft the fhock of a. continental war they can read, enjoy, and purchafe fuch a work, The merit of Delille’s poetry is well known, and duly appreciated. Like Pope in his verfion of Homer, he, however, does not always {trittly adbere to the original, and it will be readily perceived that he has in- terpolated the firft two lines of the follow- ing fhort paffage : << De regrets fane remords indomptable vic- time, Expiant a-la-fois et méditant le crime. Il regarde, il parcourt cet océan de feux, Oui brilant tritement fous ces voites funé- bres, Sans répandre le jour laiffent voir les tené- bres.”* At the voice of Satan, the rebel angels rally, and become re-animated : ¢¢ Leurs figures, leurs traits n’offrent rien de mortel, T ous {ur des trones d’or ont fiége dans le ciel, Leurs noms n'exiftent plus: leur rebelle folie Les a tous efiaces du livre de la vie. Depuis, cherchant leur proie, et quétant les autels, : Dieu, par leur culte impie, éprouva les mortels; Parmi Vencens et l’or, et les fetes pompeufes, L’homme !es adora fous cent formes trom~ peules, Et dieffant a la brute un autel impofteur, Pans fa gloixe invifible oublia fon auteur, Des deux fexes divers chaque efprit a le choix 5 Chacun peut en lui feul les unir a la-fois, Tant leur étre parfait, tant leur fouple na- ture Surpaffe des mortels la grofiere dia“ et Retrofpedt of French Literature.—Drama. Cet amas d’os, de chairs, d’organes, de ref- forts, Qui captive notre ame et furcharge nos corps. Chacun forme 4 fon choix fa taille variée, Obfcure ou lumineufe, épaitle ou déliée, Et, libre en fes défirs, fatisfaittour-a-tour Ou fes projets de haine, ou fes penchans d’amour. . - - . . - - - . . . . . . > Auffitét rayonnant dans la nuit des Enfers, D’innombrables drapeaux f’élévent dans les airs ; Lorient envirait leur couleur éclatante : Le vent gonfle les plis de leur pourpre flote tante 5 Alors une forét de cafques et de dards, Es Vor des boucliers brillent de toutes parts. Leil admire Jeur nombre et leur magnifi- cence, Et de leurs rangs ferrés la profundeur im- menfe.” We (hall conclude with the following extraét, containing the {peech of Belial : “ac Rappelez vous ce jour, Oa, chaflés par ce Dieu du celefte fejour, Contre les traits brilans du foudre inévitable, Nous invoquions l’abime, ou fon bras redout- able En foule nous plongeoit dans ces goufires affreux, Parlez, n’etiezvous pas alors plus malheu- reux ? Et fi ces feux vengeurs allumés par fa haine, Redoublant de fureur, redoubloient notre peine 5 S’il rallumoit fa foudre, et du trdne des airs, Faifot pleuvoir fur nous un déluge d’éclaias 5 Enfin, pour épuifer fes tréfors de vengeance, Si le ciel infernal, de qui la votite immenfe, Préte a nous accabler de ces débris affreux, Sufpend fur notre téte un océan de feux, S’écrouloit, nous verfoit ces flammes dévo- rantes, Dés torrens de l’Enfer cataraétes bralantes.” «: L’Almanach des Mufes des Depar- temens Meridionaux.”—The Almanack of the Mufes of the Southern Depart- ments. Printed at Thouloufe. | The editors complain bitterly, that fome anonymous writers have libelled Thoulovfe, as a place where few or no men of genius have been produced, and afier'triumphantly quoting a long lilt they exclaim— “ Touloufe énorgucillie A donné deux amans 4 l’aimable Thalie. Lun peignit /Egoifte et le Tateur dupe, On crut retrouver Plaute,on ne fut'pas trompé, L’autre vint aprés lui courir la méme lice, El peindre en jolis vers Defiance et Malice.” «6 Vingéniéux NANTEUIL a par fois dans la ville Fait courir le refrein d’un joyeux vaudeville ; Claufoles, combinant la force et Vart des fons, A vv Sicard lui méme adupter fes legons. 653 Cazalés, fi fameux par fa male éloquence, Tacha de prévenir les malheurs de la France = Vidal, favorifé d’Uranie et des Dieux, De fon hardi compas a mefuré les Cieux, Et Barthez, cunfident de la déeffe Hygie, A joint dans fes écrits la grace a l’énergie.” M. AucusTe GauDE, in imitation of Vibullus, addreffes himfelf in a vari- ety of amatory verfes to his Zelis, and in thofe denominated ** Souvenir’ we find the following, which merit tranfcription: *¢ Douce retraite, afyle heureux Od amour amenoit ma jeune et tendre amie. Myrthes, qui voilates nos jeux, Vous rappelez 4 mon coeur amoureux Le plus beaux momens de ma vie. Otemps! cette flatteufe erreur Echappera fans doute a ta pourfuite. Mais le Souvenir du bonheur Nous confole-t-il de fuite ?” DRAMA, “© La Noce fans Mariage, Comedie, en cing Aétes.”"—The Wedding without a Marriage, a Comedy in five Aéts. Picarob, the author of this comedy, appears to have been very ambitious of novelty on the prefent occafion, but, nof- withftanding this, he has been anticipated in fome of his leading characters. The firft aét exhibits all the neceffary difp»fitions fora wedding; nothing more, inde:d, feems wanting, than a proper per- fon to witnefs the ceremony. But while they were preparing to proceed, ficlt to the municipality, and then tothe church, all their proje&ts are fuddenly deranged by an unlucky piece of pleatantry ; for the intended hufband is made to believe, like Bafil in the ‘ Barbier de Seville,” that heis feized with a fever, and is in a mot dangerous fituation. The whole of the incidents, too, are connected with this odd but trifling ca- price, and yet, with theexception ot fome little difapprobation the firlt night, this comedy has been con(tantly performed with an uncommon degree of applaufe. ‘¢ Fernand, ou les Maures.”\—Ferdi- nand, or the Moors. This opera, in three acts, was brought out at the Theatre Favart, but being confidered as an imitation of VicToR on Enfant de la Forét, it was damned on the very firft reprefentation. | «« Les Femmes Coleres."°— The Chole- ric Females. This vaudeville is founded on one of Madame de Genlis’s tales, and was pere formed in fuch a manner as to obtain great applaufe. The author being called for, no lefs than three were named: M.M, Dupary, Francis, and Moreau. iT Le 654 *© La Prife de Jericho.”--The Capture of Jericho. This is a new opeza, which concludes not only with the fall of the walls of the city of Jericho, but the burning of the lace. The overture, by Mozart, was much applauded, and the ballets, by Mion, contributed not a little to the fuccels of the piece. « Arlequin Tyran Domeftique.”"—Har- lequin a domeftic Tyrant. This little luette, which is a parody of the Tyran Domeftique, by M. Duva., has been performed with great fuccefs, ‘There are no lefs than three authors to this {peaking pantomime: M. M. Des- AUGUIERS, FRANCIS, and TourNay. © L’E{poir de la Faveur.”"—The Hope of Favour, a Comedy, of five Acts, writ- ten in Verfe. This comedy was performed at the Theatre Louvois, and nearly at the fame time one of exaétly the fame defcrip'ion, but in three adis, was brought at another theatre, under the name ot Thomas Mu!- ler, or les Effets de la Faveur, and played during the very fame evening. The au- thors of both immediately acculed each other of plagiarifm, and it was foon dif covered that they wee both in the right, baving mutually borrowed the plot from a comedy of Fabre D'Eglantine, entitled L’Orange de Malthe. On Searching till further into this fubje&t, it was difcovered that Fabre himfelf had been indebted for the whole to a German drama. The end of both comedies is a like mo- yal, but neither of them has proved fuc- eelsful. «© Milton, Fait hiftorique, par M. M. Jouy et Dieucaroy.”—Milton, an hiftorical Fact ; an Opera in one Aét, &c. The plot of this opera is founded ona difputed anecdote in the life of John Mil- ton, whofe name alone is another term for liverary excellence. The mufic, by Spon- Tin1, has experienced great applaufe. * Le Jaloux Malade, Comedie en un A&e et en Profe, méléede Vaudevilles.”” ——The Jealous Patient. The plot of this little comedy, which has often been performed with great fuc- ceis, turns on the paflion of a young and aandfome widow. Having learned that a Retro/ped of French Literature.—Drama. young man for whom fhe entertained a great, although fecret attachment, was confined to his bed by a fever, the deter- mines to attend him, and adminifter toaH his wants. She accordingly drefles her- felf in the character of a nurfe, and hav- ing cffered her fervices, is immesiately ac- cepted. Iv is almoft needlefs to remark, that the - whole concludes with a marriage. “Le Sulceptible.’"— The Sufceptible Man, a Comedy, in Profe, and in one- AG, by M. Picarp. M. Dubuiffun, the hero of this piece, repairs to Paris, for the double purpofe of obia-ning a profefforfhip in the Lyceum fer himfelf, and a hufband for nis daugh- ter, who is cou:ted by a young merchant, educated by him. As there are a number of perfons in the world, who imagine that every fy!lable in converfation is indi- reétly addretle! to them, and who are hurt by a look or a gelture, and are fo ex- tremely fenfibie as to be deeply affected by the mott trifling omiffion in refpeét to politenels, the cnarafter of the Sufcepit- ble Man is entirely founded on thefe pe- culiarities. «¢ Don Juan.”’ It has long fince been imagined, that the fuccefs of an opera depends chicfly on the mufic and dances, and on the Fiench, as well as on the Englith ftage, that of Don Juan affords a new proof of this po- fition. Here follows the tory on which the dramatic entertainment to which we now allude is founded. Don Juan is a li- bertine, who has no other law than that of hisown defires. He makes it a rule to feduce maidens and married wo- men, and to kill their fathers and huf- bands, hexourably in duels, at which, from his practice, he is, of courfe, very expert. After infulting the body of a man who had fallen a viétim to bis revenge, Heaven is here made to interpofe, and a /fatue pronounces his fate. : Moliere had long fince feleSted the fame fubject ; it is unneceffary, however, to draw any mortifying comparilons, al- though the mutrc and dancing mutt be al- lowed, at leaft, to be fuperior on the part of this more modern produétion. GENERAL GENE ERAL INDEX, TO THE TWENTIETH VOLUME. PAGE BANDON, onthe word ve 19 Aberdeen Canal opened... 91 Abftraét ideas, on Bares 109, 30! Accent, on the Scotch mieths 30 -----» obfervations on at 105, 297 _ » on Greek aL. 499 Acratus, on the deity BEM, aitte 34 Aéta Diurna of the Romans nie 26 Acts of Parliament seers 55, 166 Addifon, letter of Powtsle 593 Adonis, on Bion’s epitaph or on ee 400 fgyptian breweries sieide'ws 5358 Arial voyage, account of an 456 Aifairs, ftateof public 67, 172, 265, 561, 466, 564 Africa, new miffion to Warts 261 Agincourt, painting of the Battle of 360 Agricultural Report, monthly 95, 199, 295, 392, 495, 390 fete, account of AS 84 4 fociety in Der by thire 80, 188 2 ee sae South Devon 90 : Se Newark Ay 80 es gee tl ereford 83, 4389 Ee Ni Sees Manchefter 187 __ 5) SRS Cornwall 198 US Se eee Tynefide 274 . Se See ee York wy 277 eee damn awad sais SRN ATOLL), 285 Pee pa ebee tous 6 BUnex de 2389 Bee clip net .ns\atn,actols WV DEKINEtON 375 cipfeletaain = bima pias 2 ss IGTHRES «aX 374 Pista eure kig sae ete Cleveland 376,575 RS ae >. Lencafter 378 Bee one ww btn, 22. 4 Stattordhhire 581 Bivins! MeG ofa’ ons. oe NOKOlKY 5 $83 See ee Cumberland 484 Bs! alow a whens an ee CLORMTED 578 3 See eve nce = Drayton’... 580 | SFE ee ee ae Bath a 585 Agriculture, praStice of, in Competes: ee POON 85 Aikin’s, Dr,, Meno of Dr. "Lanie 240 e-e------, On Mr. Chalmers 302 Air of London, on the tales 73 EE ie oo (no 2 » influence of the 463 “+e hglibon, defeription of a large 259 o SBRBEP methchd of feering 553 Alcibiades, anecdote of 316 Alcman, account of An 124 Alexandria, tour from gee 9 Alford, projected canal at Pees 81 Alfred the Great Yepairs London 155 Alum, its effects in dying cotton 25 Amadis de Gaul, author of 1900 America, on the papulation and trade of vane $7, 199, 390, 393, 589° PAGE America, population of vee 160- bia Sees » on, the native tribes ef 945 era, Sikes , 0 ' emigration to 311, 406 ay eee , on the trade of 199, 390, 393, 589 Lae , oblervations during atourin 445, 502 American borer, account of 62, 102, 396 ee literature, retrofpeét of 619 Anapeft, on the =e. we ee * 6 Anatomy, artificial fpecimen of 262 Angola, Dictionary of thelanguage of 354 Annual Review, to the editor of 3 Antpach, camp difcovered in 353 Anftey, Mr., memoirs of 195, 273 Antiphanes, fragment of o- 23 Antiquary, the . 154, 226, 424 Antiquities, difcovery of 261-2, 353, 553-4 Antrim, fpecimens of bafalt on the coaft of 4 3c 151 Apoplexy, on the treatment of 268 Aquatic infect difcovered anecdote of we 302 ------.--, character of -3 539 Curwen, Mr., account of his theep-fhear- ing safes Betis 184 .--------» inftitutes an agricultural fociety . 30-8 SRSueEGee: 484 Cyclopedia, auther of medical articles in the wom sire “102 Dance of Death ote stot 427 Darlington, fulpbureous {pring at 159 Dartmoor, improvements on 197, 494 Darwin, Dr., on the ftyle of ae 398 Deaf and Dumb, obfervations on the 63 Deptford-Creek bridge opened 370 Derbythire agricultural fociety, meeting of the eA oe 80, 188 --------, population andextent of 326 Detert, on the word ane 110 Defpres, M., account of bile 93 Deffalines, his conftitution for Hayti 267 ee NE ce decree refpectingtrade 589 Devon (South) agricultural fociety,, meeting of a atores ste 90 ----- and Exeter hofpital, ftate of 99 ee population and extent of 327 Diamond, experiments onthe ee 150 Diapers, obfervations on eee 148 Diétionary, ona Synonymical 104 Soe Prepare of the language of Angola announced sera ae S54 Digit, explanations of the term 424, 500, 502 Dinwoody, Mr., account of me Yi1 Diocefe, on the word pt ee 512 Dionylfius, propofed reading in 394 Pre it , defcription of the cave of 516 Dirge, a ae vie eee 235 Difeafe, a remarkable oa 555 Difeafesin London, monthly report of 72, 178, 263, 368, 462, 559 ree or) 5 ~- wheat, on watts 24 Diffenters, on the Hiftory of 231, 395 Dogherty, Mr., account of ae 573 Dogs, tendernels of the Turks to 12 Doncatter, {chool of induftry at 376 Dorfetthire, population and extent of = 327 Dotterel found in Norfolk a 411 Dover, new harbour at gets 193 Down, epitaph on the Bifhop of 574% Downing College, decree concerning —- 285 Drayton agricultural fociety, meeting of 580 Dropfy, cure for the 290, 351 Dublin, plans for a bridge at aa 292 | ....-, population of aes 292 -.--- canal company, ftate of 587 . > ae farming fociety, meeting of 587 Dundas, General, on the monument of 450, 497 Dun-diver in Norfolk vials 412 Durham, population and extent of 327 A SES Ae agricultural fociety mecting of a 2 Dying, chemical experiments in +++» +, improvements in the procefs of 447 40 Engle, 658 EON GD cb kat Eagle, account of a fea re. 127 Eardley, Colonel, accountof -. 272 Early excellence Bisse ialabhy 538 Earthquake in Spain, account of 306 ater sea at Naples ce = 322 Eaft-Indies, ftate of affairsin the 366, 472 ---, arrival of the fleet from the 294 Eaftern MSS., valuable collection of 454 Eclipfe, on the digits of an, 500, 502 Edinburgh difpenfary, ftaie of 91 Bh Ss nc papers of the Royal Society , of sees cv sece 149 Edwards, Rev. S. E., account of 383 Egypt, defcription of the females of 16 Elattic gum, to make tubes of =i 351 Elecampane, fubftance in the root ef = 353 Electrical machines, improvement in 351 Eleétricity, on privative == 157 Elephant, anecdote of an it 232 SES 208 2 » ikeleton of an, difcovered 354 Ely, jurifdiction of the bifhops of 538 Emigration, obiervations and cautions on Gila ite - 511, 406 Encyclopedy, the firt Sate 34 Enquirer, reply to the author of the 299 ee eee vindicated are 121 Epigram, onthe = ...-.. 338 Epigrams from the Greek DDSASS, S11, 314, 401, 508 Epilepfy, cafe of opis ast 178 Erinne, a Greek poetefs, account of 213 Errors in tranflation from the Vrench | 305 Eifex, population and extent of 527. Evans, J., account of sis a 194 Evans’s Tour in Wales, remarks on 596 Evanton, E , account of Se 477 Evening a Said de 45 Euripides, on Porfon’s edition of 97 Exports, litt of free aunts 94 Fairfield, Mr., account of a 272 Falmouth, bonding fyftem at a8 91 Farms in America, account of 98, 407 Farming Society at Dublin, proceedings of Sees anes 587 Fathionable world, on the an 559 Felton, tubfcription-library at. 57 Fern, defeription of the greater 415 Fetter-lane, ancient name of Se 497 Fever, cure for Sere 258 Fiefole, amphitheatre found at 262 Finthury Difpenfary, report of difeafes at the 723178, 263, 368, 462, 559 Fire-arms, experiments on ve 258 Fires, remarkable =" 74, 179, 550 + ---,0n rendering articles ufeful after 47 Fithes, on the ftructure of ry. 552 Flamingo, natural hiftory of ss 15 Flaugergues, Antoine, account of 308 Fleth-fly, defeription of be 14 Fluctuation, on the word ee? 325 Fly, defeription of the Heffian .. 321 Fog, great, in London tian 496 Foley, Mrs., account of ee 82 Fordyce, Mrs., account of re 476 Forfake, on the word emi 19 #'ox, Bithop, account of ie 237 vay Hon, C.J.) account of a but of 369 Fox, Hon. C. J., portrait of = 254 ----, General, portrait of aM 449 France, political ftate of 69, 173, 267 eee -» MSS. in the library in the late Kirig of “oe Maer 116, 218 ~-----, Gregorian calendar reftored in 553 Frazer, H., account of wes 373 Fredericktown in America deferibed 503 French poetry, remarks on 6, 102, 104 ee tranflation, errors in me 3035 --«--- literature, retrofpect of 627 Fruit-trees, on the blight in . ee 100 Fumigations, on mineral ae 259 Funerals in Egypt defcribed = 11 Fufeli, Mr., appointed keeper of the Royal Academy se=- 250 Fynney, F. B., account of = 380 Gaches, Rev. D., account of oe 283 Galere, defcription of the e- 15 Gall, D., prefents nade to ie 262 Galvanilm, formation of muriatic acid by 308 Gannet, defcription of the “se 412 Garnerin, his afcent at Mofcow 166 Garrand, Mrs., account of a 577 Garrow, Rev. D., account of ag 76 Gawthrap; Mr., gharatter of ate 78 Geography, new fyftein of se 157 weu---se, progrefs. of zs 217 George [., anecdote of | ee 505 Gilding upon fteel, method of 59, 159 Gilpin, Mr , portrait of - S61 Giraldus Cambrenfis, account of anew edition of oes << 451 Glafs, obfervations on = 244 ----, new compofition for making ot Glendalloch wens a3 » 232 Gloucefier, account of the Duke of 181 pews eet » improvements in the city of 283 Sees . eer » population and extent of the county of anes ae 327 Goat-fucker, defcription of the 410 Godwit, defcription of the Be 411 Goldfith, obfervations on the a 14 Goldfinch, defcription of the #3 410 Gofpels, difcovery of a manufcript of the sabe ye 553 Gough, Mr., melancholy fate of 184 Gout, remedy tor the = oi 258 Gratton, account of a portrait of the Duke of a ot 549 Gram, inquiry concerning i 208 Grampus found in Norfolk = 127 Gravel-walks, methed of cleaning _ 160 Greate, how to remove {pots of 261 Grebe, defcription of the crefted 413 Greek, epigrams, &c., from the 20, 123, 211, 514, 401, 508 ---- poetry, onthe pronunciation of 105 ---- accents, on the mide 499 Greenland, arrival of fhips from O4 Gregoire, Abbé, anecdote of Lay ig 9% Gregory, St., vindicated a 8 Gruber, Rev. G., account of se 557 Guadaloupe, on the natural hiftory of | 258 Guglielmi, account of Bbc 93 Gull, defcription of the ere 415 wane, longevity ofa fea ie 192 Hamburg, INDEX 659 Hamburg, ftate of trade at es 495 | Infant, malformation in the heartof an 544 Harding, M., difcovers a new planet 129 | Infect, a new aquatic 2 akin 554 ~ Bee ar atte’ s medal adjudged to 353 | Ireland, improvement of a 94 Harper's s-ferry, America, defcribed SOSwies sl. ~ = , on the natural advantages of 243 Harris’s Lexicon Technicum, account of 35] .....- > impofitions on travellers to 501 Harrifon, Rev. J , character of Coie... {tate of the grand canal in 587 Hawfinch, defcription of the = 128 | fron, method of purifying caft 248 Health, Board of, inftituted oe 59 | ...., on the oxides of Bia jal 445 eS , effects of manufactures on 343 | Ifocrates, remarks on Ae Ps 403 Heart, cafe of malformation of the 244 | Italian drama, a tranilation from 511 Heat, on the contraction of water by 149 } Ltaly, political ftate of ents 69 Heétor, Dr., anecdote of te 339 | Jamaica, memorial of the Houfe of Af- °° Helfingburg, new barbour at = 94 fembly Belints pie) sie,15 70 Hemp produced in Canada 54 48 | James I., anecdote of ini je 427 Hen-harrier, account of the oe 319 | James’s Park, anecdote concerning 505 Herculaneum MSS,, account of 255 | James, N., account of BARE: ATS Hereford agricultural pene are Jebb, Dr., vindicated ae 504 of oo aoe 83 | Jefferfon’s-rock, in America, account of 504 waotee » population and eee of the Jerfey, Earl, account of uy Gounty Of) 299 8% ee. 327 | Jefus-green, difpute concerning 537 Hermann, Prof., on Porfon’s Euripides 97 | Jewry, Old, antiquity of si 507 Herons abound in Norfolk on 411 | Jews naturalized in Ruflia af 63 Herttord, population and extent of the ----, Tegulation concerning theirdead 258 county of ee 527 | .... in London, hiftory of a 507 Hilbuty in Chefhire, mineral {pring Joan of Arc, proceedings againft 116, 218 found at Ede ae AS Jones, Sir William, defence of 418 Hippocrates, on the age of as 217 | Jortin, Dr., errorsin the works of 8 Hiftoric Gallery, lottery for the 596, 548 | Juno, on the planet 2 130 Hogarth, account of a picture by 449 } Jupiter, the planet, feen in open “day 133 Holkham fheep-fhearing, account of GOs ieee = » on the figure of Ee 444 Holland, political ftate of Be 266 | Kamtfchatka, decreafe of inhabitants in 555 baie ae > new map of eeee 217 | Keigwin, Mr., account of af 198 Holmes, Dr., account of AB 581 | Kemble, account ofa portrait of 361 Holwell, Rev. Mr., anecdote of 239 | Kent, Rev. J., charaéter of R. 80. Holy man, the, a portrait Se 450] ...., population and extent the of Homer's, Dr., Claflics, account of 159 county of Vicks dicistele 397 Hoopoe, detcription ofthe oe 128 | Kew, progrefs of the new palace at 269 Hops, blight upon Muse 95, 199 |} King, Mr. T., account of Be 570 Horncattle, improvements at a6 81 King’ s library removed pare 47% Horfe, anecdote concerning the 232 | Kingfihher, defcription of the oo 128 Horfley, Matt., account of a" 577 | Kircher’s China Illuftrata, account of 109 Horwood, E., melancholy death of 581 | Kinnaird, Lady, account of te 587 Hottentots, on the female os 393 | Kirgifian Coffacks, account of the 260 Hound’s-tongue, virtue of me 160 | Kirwan, Dean, account of bs 588 Hua!lguayoe tilver-mines, account of 113 | Kite, account of the 127 Hubbard, Rev. J., account of is 182 Hudfon's Dionyfius, on oa 394 Hull Docks, prices of fhares for 185 Halfe, R., account of bfon 573 Human body, on the combuftion cf the 259 Humboldt’s Travels, accountof 15, 59, 112, 256 «+------ memoir of 131 Huntingdon, population and extent of the county of visie sis 327 Hyde Park, improvement of .. 179 Hydrogen, the radical of muriatic acid 160 Hydro-azotic gas, benefits of af 349 Hydrophobia, cure for the os 160 Ideas, on fimple and complex = 109 .---, 0n abftraét savas 121 Imports, lift of free eis 94. Indian Chief in England a 101 eae at fortification, on an a 305 Tadians, on the North American 246 Ludians, on # fuppofed colony of Welch 517 Knot, a fmall bird in Norfolly Meleuben Koelifon, a new mufical inftrument 353 Lake produced from madder oe 46 Lancathire, improvements in an 979 --------» population and extentof 397 Lancafter agricultural fociety, meeting of APE . 37 Landfhut, propofal of the Univers of 259 Language, on the word ° D13 Laodicea, on the Council of ie 305 Latin poetry, on the pronunciation of — 105 Law, Captain, account of yk 286 Lead, method to make white ob 63 Lead-afhes, produce of cerufe from 454 Leather, compolition to be applied to 153 Leétures, medical, announced 154, 552 Leeches, prognottics of Se eis 895 eeee---y bow to make them bite A5S Leedes, Edward, account of by 537 Leeds, improvements at csp 185 «+.» -, lydes and fkins famped at 278 402 Leicefter, 660 Leicefter, humane inftitution at 282 ------/ charity-fchool inftituted at 580 Mabe » population and extent of the county of relert t 327 was) =( ae agricultural fociety, » meeting of es as 578 Leighton, Sir T., account of ra 93 Leipzig fair, catalogue of Je B55 Le Mefurier, Paul, account of 571 Lemur, account of the flow ome 12 Lefling, G. E., memairs of 33° Leverian Mifeum to be difpofed of 453 Lewes, fine painting difcovered at 288 ~----, annual wool-fair at Le ib. y----» Improvements at os 3586 ««---, fheep-fair at ° ib. d----, fingular fkeleton found at 491 Libraries, on fubfcription hs 522 Library, removal of the King’s .. 473 Lickbarrow, J., account of ae 276 Life-boat, defcription of a 5 197 Life-preferver, account of a ie 370 Lincolnfhire, improvements in. ~-------, drainage-works in Bee eee » population and extent of Lion, anecdotes of the 12, 232 Litchfield cathedral, {tained window im 189 Literary and Philofophical Intelligence, 57, 154, 255, 348, 451, 550 LITERATURE, Hatr-vearry Rerro- spicr oF DOMES!IIC, - Hisrory. SPE Froiffart’s Chronicles, vols. 2 and 3 593 Beers - Mr Turners Hittory of the Anglo-Saxons * ib. Mr. Nichols’s Progreffes and Public Proceflions of Queen Elizabeth : ib. Brats ude Dr. Wilfon’s Hittory af Egypt 594 pee: JSS Sir George Leith’s Account of Prince of Wales’s Tland ib. --2-«---Memoirs of Talleyrand ib. --- «---Female Revolutionecy Plu- tarch ib, BR se 10 Anecdotes of the Cabinet of St. Cloud ib. ve------Orme’s Hittorical Fragments of the Mogul Empire Belfham’s Hiftory of Great Britain .-.. -=2~Barre’s Rife and F all of Bo- ne aparte’ s Empire E ~--...--Adams’s Hiftory of Great Britain FOLITICAL ECONOMY, POLITICS, &e. Lord Liverpool’s Treatife on the Comms of the Realm Hunter’s Sketch of the Poli- tical State of Europe ‘ Bity hat De Lord Selkirk’s Obfervations on the Prefent State of the Highlands of Seotland ib. paeeeesehemarks on the probable, Condué& of Ruilia towards this Country ee 597 iuD 2 os Literature, Cockburn 6n the Meahy’.of Civilizing the Subjects of Britith India pon 507 ----+e.-Rofe’s Obfervations on the Poor Laws bapa om ib. Se, Tesi War in Difguife, or the Frauds of Neutral Flags se ib. waibindataranae Account of the Commerce and Navigation of the Black Oa. 13/7 sees Shee ib. .--..-.--Bone’s Outline of a Plan for reducing the Poors’ Rate ib. -....--.Playfair on the Decline and Fall of Powerful and Weal- thy Nations et ik. Beis Shacks Macleod on the War with Spain ib. aha tape Horrors of the’ Negro- “Slavery ib. THEOLOGY, MORAL, AND ECCLESIASTICSE AFFAIRS. --------Robinfon’s Chriftian Syftem unfolded Be ie 598 --------Innes’s View of the Leading Doéirines of the Word of ¢ , God es ib. -----«--Dr. Lefs on the Authenticity of the New Teftament ib. Soe s- Jerningham’s Dignity of Hu- man Nature wh iB. -------. Plain Man’s Epitile o-se~-. Werneria, or fhort Characters of Earths os ib TOPOGRAPHY AND ANTIQUITIES. --+..---Whitaker’s Hiftory of the Deanery of Craven 600 See Slr Dr. Miller’s Hiftory of Don- ; cafter See ib. ...-.---Dr.Whitaker’s ancient Cathe- dral of Cornwall Aye ib. ee Malcolm’s Lendinum Redi- vivum Leute ib. ~-.-----Britton’s Architectural Anti- quities of Great Britain ib- «+-<-+--Hay’s Hiftory of Chichefter . 601 oS ee Yates’s Monaftic Hiftory of St. Edmima’s Bury “re ib. ---.---/Blomfield’s Hiftory of Nor- ‘ folk iden ib. CLASSICAL LITERATURE, ieee casas Dr. Lempriere’s Clafficai Dictionary Hild 601 S235 Pryme and Rennell’s Greek Odes aes ib, ...-++--Tomline’s Poem on the Death of the Duke of d’Enghien ib. «---.+s--Exercifes adapted to the Eton Accidence ee ib. meer, Ciubbe’s Latin Verfion of the Farmer’s Boy ae ib. i ope i Johns’s Etymological Exer- cifes onthe Latin Grammar ~ ib. REE Dr. Clarke onthe Tomb of Alexander es 602 MEDICINE. -«ee----Dr. Hamilton on Purgative Medicines Roe 602 Bie. 1 oat Dr. Willan’s Arrangement ef Difeafes of the Skin ib. w«.-----Dr. Haygarth on Rheuma- . matifm, and Nodofity of the Jormts eer 603 pane eee-Dr. Stock’s Colleétions on the Ufe of Cold Water ib. holes oe Dr. Bourne’s Cafes of Pulmo- nary Confumption ib. OSE ine Mr. Parkinfon on Gout ib. .....---Dr. Harty on Simple Dyfen- Pervert na ste ib. «-e- --«- Young on Cancer wa ib. «---~-se-Laylor, on Water oe ib. ASBAPE? Clarke’s Modern Prattice ef ? Phyfic Or, ib. ---.----Dr. Mofely on the Cow-Pock 604 Ne Mr. Merriman’s Reply ib. =e Mr. Ring on the fame ib. Sa chigria' see Dr. Adams’s Anfwer to all the Objeétions againft the Cow-Pox Uke ib. ««-----~Expofitions on the Cow-Pox and on the Small-Pox 605 nees ener, Rowley ou the Cow-Pox ib. 66s Literature, Dr. H. Frafer’s Anfwer to ditto cho 2. 23G@Os ----.---Acuteus in Reply to ditto ib. BIOGRAPHY. eae 2 Cooke’s Memoirs of Samuet Foote re 603 ---+---.Public Charaéters of 1805-6 ib, = See Biographia Scotica ae ib, Bet 7-38 Dr. Watkins’s Biographical Dictionary cicfean 606 ---«.-~-Rofcoe’s Life of Leo X. ib. --------Mortimer’s Life of Milton 607 COMMERCE, TRADE, &c. --------M‘Pherfon’s Annals of Com- merce aes 607 Ss fonehteagees Oddy on European Com- merce aay 608 Sah ey oe Luccock om the Nature and Properties of Wool ib. VOYAGES AND TRAVELS. 45 Turnbull’s Voyage round the World arae 60% 5 A -Defcription of the Ifand of St. Helena a 609 --------Beckford’s Letters from Ttaly 610 Sp eat Kotzebue’s Travels through Italy eats ib. --------Mawman’s Excurfion to the Highlands of Scotland . 618 ---«-+--Boulton’s Sketch of Upper Canada oe cin ib. FINE-ART9. ~---..--Account of the Egyptian Mo- numents in the Britith Mu- feum es "612 eS Sir R. Worfley’s Catalogue of Paintings, &c. e ib .-..--.-Memoirs of George Morland 61% a eee Mifs Gartfide’s Effay on Light and Shade woud ib. -e~~~--~Douglas’s Art of Drawing in Perlpective 5 ag ibe POETRY. -----.---Laing’s Edition of Offian 613 Boye toee Logan’s Poems a ib. ---+-----Mrs. Hunter’s Sports of the Genii ene ib. oe Sela Coxe’s Mifcellaneous Poetry 614 ~-2-.----Mrs. Milne’s Poems oe ibe ia aes Sbee’s Rhymes on Art ibe -+--+---Ellis’s Specimens of Barly ~~ Romances fase > DS PAE lve Peacock’s Palmyra kis ib. --+- +.» .stewart’s Pleafures of Love © ~ ji. sas= enn .Fitzwilliam’s Amatory Poems i! . ----...-Hayley’s Ballads Sh ib. -+-+e---Drunken Barnaby’s Euur — * Journies eee 615 ities at a's. The Britifh Martial o. ibe pate pice Boyd’s Penance of Hugo ib. ---+.-..MilsSavory’s Unfpiration ib. sue OS Mys. Serres’s Flights of Fancy ib, SE ‘The Suicide Proftivte ib. «een eee-Modern Paris +e ib. Literature, 662 Literature, Beresford’s Song of the Sun 615 a----+--Walker’s Raphael = ib. ~ eee Beresford’s Battle of Trefal- pane oy i coe 4 ib. EDUCATION. --------Hints towards forming the Character of a Young Prin- cefs 6145 fate wich tsa The Book of Ranke ib. ~--eee--lhe Wonders of the Micro- fcope ib. ~---e---The Wonders of ‘the Tele- ; {cope ib. Sone Se ae Mrs. Trimmer’s Comparative View of the new Plan of Education 616 sieve wren, Brunnemark’s Introd Hiétion to Swedith Grammar se ib. NOVELS AND ROMANCES. ».-.----Confeflion of the Nuns of St. Omer’s ee 616 a ES ee ee Nan of the Defart ~ ib. eta s's The Nun and her Daughter ib. ~-------Conolly’s Friar’s Tale ib. pe Mrs. Serres’s St. Julian ib. aeerese. The Paraclete a0 ib. Pett Pecl gold Lewis’s Bravo of Venice ib. AP ae Life of Gilbert Purring ib. ~---.---Mrs. Carleton’s Homicide ib. f-§ eae Mifs Owenfon’s Novice of St. Dominick ae ib. e--«----Mis. Temple’s Ferdinand Fitzormond ae ib. DRAMA. »--.----Tobin’s Honey Moon 616 ~.--.---Ellifton’s Venetian Outlaw ib. iiBiewie oe Colman’s John Bull oe ib. Fa eee Dibdin’s Will for the Deed ib. » CS .Mrs. Inchbald’s To Marry or not To Marry es ib. --.---.-Allingham’s Hearts of Oak ib. oseee---Cuftom’s Fallacy Ap 617 MISCELLANIES. .--«----Todd’s Edition of Spenfer 617 aa---«+-Letters of the Rev. James Granger ib. aea.---- Lord Chedworth’s Notes up- on Shakefpeare 2 ib. a--+e+--Drummond’s Academical Queftions ib. meee----Knight’s Principles of Tate G18 -....---Laws of Hamburgh on Bills of Hxchange ib. «e+ ----- Works of Edward Dayes ib «e+ e---Philofophical Tranfaétions for 1805 ib. eee. ----Carr’s Northern Summer ib. LITERATURE, Hatr-yeanty Retno- spect of AMERICAN. POLITICS. eseeveee The Conftitutionalift ¢seespee Dr. Danforth’s Oration on the Anniverfary of “American Independence vs, ib. 620 2 IN D EX. Literature, Dr. Ramfay, on the Acquifi- tion of Louifiana oe 620 THEOLOGY AND SERMONS. ee seeees Lee’s Sermons ha 629 veeeeee- Dr. Clarke’s Difcourfes to Young Perfons “s 624 seeeeeee Dr. Dwight’s Sermon on Mr. Marth avd ib. Sermon on Du- ee airy elling aia ib. +++eee.. Dr, Miller on Suicide ib. = ee Dr. Ofgood on the Validity of Infant Baptifm ae ib. ES te Treatife on Infant Baptifm ib. pea Baldwin’s Sermon on the eternal Purpofe of God ib. ia chee Charaéter of,the Rev. Dr. Eliot mi 622 +eeeeeee Tuckerman’s Sermon before the Artillery Company ibs =. EE ye Kendall’s Sermon before the General Gourt of Maifa- chufetts ib. weee-eee Bradford’s Sermon “at Ply- mouth, Maflachufetts ib. wae eceee Ely on the Wifdom and Duty of Magiftrates oe ib. Smo e ates Gardiner’s Sermon on the Death of Bifhop Parker ib. ete em -Dr. Lathrop’s before the Bof- ton Female Afylum ib. easier -Depon’s for the Female Cha- ritable Society ib. Es te tara Ware’s Sermon on the Sosvine of God a 623 B on saree Dr. Green’s Sertuon at the Opening of a Pretbyterian Theatre at Philadelphia ib. Beer Dr. Buckminfter’s Ordination Sermon es ib. MEDICINE. «ses ves. Dr. Waterhoufe’s Cautions to - Young Perfons oe 624 — eeeeeees Dr. Rand on Phtbifis Pulmo- nalis mais ib. SAR ina The Medical Repotitory ib. seeeeeee Lhe Philadelphia Medical Mu- feum ib. Seo eiatine The Philadelphia "Medical and Phyfical Journal ib, SS hosaer On the Non-contagioufnefs of Yellow-Fever os 625 MISCELLANEOUS. peteN Nes ceo Memoirs of the American Academy of Arts and Sci- ences, vol. ii., Part iii. 625 veeeeees Lhe Britith Spy we 626 POETRY. tS te de Mifcellaneous Works of Da- vid Humphreys RO 626 ee eeeeee Lerrible Tractorations ib. -++-n~-Democracy Unveiled ib. LITERATURE, TON Dee wx; LITERATURE, Hair-yrearry Retre- spect or FRENCH. es.-e.-eHiftoire des Gaulois, par M. Picot aie e.+e----bxamen Critique des Anciens Hiftoriens d’Alexandre le Grand 628 evese-e- Hflais Hiftoriques fur Paris ib. eee eee bilai Hiftorique fur le Com- merce et la Navigation de 627 la Mer Noire ie 629 MISCELLANEOUS. os. . Abrégé de I’Hiftoire Generale des Voyages ‘ aiteta ao an Owl: Aoriculture, aE dans fes rapports avec |’ Eco- nomie Politique -- 630 eeeeeees Obiervations fur quelques Points d’Anatomie du finge Vert, &c ib. ereeeees Voyage 4 l’Ouett ae Monts Alléghanys dans les Etats de l’Ohio, &c., par E. A. Michaux, M.D. aia ib. «ee-+...Cuvres Compléttes de Senecé weeeeece Paradoxes de Condillac wee cs. Contes.de P. P..Gudin ceeeeeee CEuvres Pofthumes de Mar-, montel ay eeeeeee» Lheorie Elementaire de la Sta- tifque aie «++e.++- Dictionnaire Geographique, &e. ib. eeeees-~- Curtis Beronis, |’ Hermitage du / Solitaire 4 Coubron, &c. eeseeeee Memoirs de M. le Baron de Befenval ¢eeeee+s Voyage dans les Quatre Prin- cipales Ties de Mers d’?A- frique, par M. de St. Vin- cent eeeeeeee Mes Souvenirs de. 20 Ans de Sejour a berlin oe ereeeess Effai fur lHiftoire Topogra- phie de Paris xa 642 es+eee-eEloge de Boileau Sed ib. Difcours pronences dans la Seance Publique ee 643 La Vie et le Mort ae ib. .. Malthe Ancienne et Moderne, 634 640 641 perreere wreeee par Boifgelin c- O44 yeeeeeee Genie du Chriftianifme, par Chateaubriant ae ib. eeseeeesDe la Conformite des Anci- ennes Loix le Francaiffes, &e. 645 Sewees ee be Comte de Soiffons et la Du- cheile d’Elbeaf ote 645 o+eeee.. rons nous.a Paris aia 616 ve---ss. Lulikan Fils de Gengifkan 648 eit ada «,0 La Fantailie 649 we oeee.. Foeliesde J, C. Groneher ib. .-.Le Poeme de Ja Navigation, par Efmenard Sm eeee+++Le Cimitiere de Campagne, Kerivalant he ib, seoeeees cappho, par L, Gorle 652 650 663 Literature, Paradis Perdu de Milton, par Delille as 652 oeeeeeee L’Almanach des Mufes 653 .e+++... La Noce fans Mariage ib. seesesee. Fernand, ou les Maures ibe -....... Les Femmes Coleres ib. Liga Niniates La Prife de Jericho at 654 .-..---Arlequin Tyran Domeftique ib. .....--L’Efpoir dela Faveur ib. Parl aan Milton, Trait Hiftorique ib. o++e--- Le Jaloux Malade = ib. See ote Le Sufceptible oe ib. ae 3 ler Don Juan ib. Liverpool, Catholic charity- -fchool at 187 Brie ects F » {cientific fociety at .. 279 -.+-++,3 Monument to Lord Nelfon about to be ereéted at ae 577 Llanelly, improvements at a4 389 Load, on the word aces 324 Loaditone, memoir on-the ee 3506 Locufts, defcription of the American 13 Londiniana, No. I. Bons 505 London, quantity of porter and beer ~ brewed in ae 74 seeeee, Marriages and deaths in and near 73, 179, 269, 370, 473, 569 «+++, intended improvements of 370 +seees, on the air of ee 463 ...... Inflitution, place of meeting of the oo > 451 Longevity, inftances of its 87, 184, 187, 283, 292, 377, 494 sovesees Of a fea-gull aa 192 Lottery on Boydell’s welels 548 =c=-.s +s On Bowyer’s 396, 548 Louis XIV., infcription on a medal of 145 +e .eeee., Obfervations on a, 402 Love elegy cee +. 236 ...., Dr., account of Fs 537 Leuth, ftate of the difpenfary at 380 Lowitz, M., account of Se s Luther’s monument, fubfeription to 454 Lutterworth fchoo], examinations at 81 Maccabees, on the books of Ic 147 Madder, method of making lake from 46 Magnetic needles, differences obferved in ots Ais 543 Malt, on gr inding Se ee 3805 Malta, defcription of 7 513 Maltfters, meeting of ae 490 Manchefter, new road at ae 18T Weis’ > 0 eiai (ole agricultural eee meet- ing of Ate P ib. Manganefe, difcovery of a mine of 46 Manilla, lite rary fociety at as 34g Manufactori¢s prejudicial to health,on $42 Manufatturing procefles, on publifhing 99 Marbled-foap, procefs of or 147 Marine-lpencer, de{cription of a 159 Marquefas, account of the inhabitants of 555 Marion, J., account of cunen 379 Martial, tranflations from Sa 146 Maffacre, explanation of the word 599 Mechain, M.. memoir of baw 306 Medical library, account of a she 61 od tate lectures announced 154, 552 wesees fygety inftiruted 57, 156 Medical 864. N Medical profeffion, a for nainne the Melons, method of treating Sd aoe Melville, Lord, articles of impeachment of eu --- -67 Memoirs of eminent perfous 38, 137, 240, " 332, 434,525 Mercury, broth preferved by oh 354 Merlin, defcription of the nis 127 Merrill, J., account of ee 383 Meteor, account of a ass 200 Meteorological report 96, 200, 296, 392, 496, 590 Methodifm,.on the influence of Ly 4 Methodifts, account of the number of 576 Meufe, account of the royal oe 505 Mica found in the Eaft-Indies 48 Mice, how to expel seed 160 Middlefex, population and extent of 327 .-..---- as ftated in the Domelday- ” book ae Us 424 Midnight hour, to the a3 145 Mills, improvement of th 63 Mimnermus, character of ay 20 Mineral fprings difcovered 80, 159. Minitter, on the word Es 325 Mifanthrope, the edie 236 Mifericordia Society, account ofthe 494 Mifiiflippi, account of two chartsof the 553 Mocking-bird, deicription of the 13 ~ Moira, Earl, account of two portraits of 249 Monmouth, population and extent of the county of = o* 327 Mons, account of the city of a 397 Mons Seleucus, difcovery of the city of 62 Monuments, on national wie 497 Moon, an_atmo!phere to the hes 62 Moore, Mrs., account of «s 385 Mowing, patent for a new method of 346 Muriatic acid, the radical of He 160 Be ys , on the compofition of 308 Murphy v, Mr., portrait of 1M 549 Murray’s Grammar, remarks on 422 Mutcovy glats in India as 48 Muthhrooms, method of preferving 260 Mautical inftruments, new 160, 555 Mufical publications, review of 53, 169, 251, 555, 461, 557 Miyftic feéts of antiquity, on the ~ « 259 Mythology, notice of a work on the Nor- thern 61 Naples, earthquake i in the kingdom of 322 ..---, treaty between France and 566 National monuments, obfervations on 497 ----»- Inftitute, proceedings of the 542 Natural hiftory, gleanings in 12, 251, 319, 410 Nava! a€tiens 172, 266, 566, 469, 472, 567 ---- chaplains, on ae 557 Navigation, account of a poem on 506 Necker, M., memoirsof 137’; 382,525 Nelfon. Lord, memoirs of be 431 2 eet ae , account of his victory 469 oP es ae » pictures of 448, 547 New ark agricultural fociety, meeting of the 3 % ule 80 D ae ve. ap Vewfpapers, on the ancient Roman oe Newton, Mrs., account of <4 474 Nice, on the Council of % 305 Nightingale in Egypt, on the *e 254 Nile, defcription of the river te 63 | Weftcott’s, Captain, monument, account “Tournay, prefent ftate of 55 523 of ies 549 “Tower, retoration of a leaning 77 | Weft-Indies, ftate of ie 267, 49§ Trafalgar, account of the battle of 469) -.0...s., infurance from us 94 ‘Tranflation, errors in French op 305 ‘Travellers, impofitions on tie Sor Tropics, Travels between the - 15, 1i2 ess+.--, Vatiation of the barometer be- tween the “5 542 Turnip, on the eSwedith ae 86 ‘Tynefide Agricultural Society, meeting ‘of he Ae 274 Ulm, capitulation of 467 Unitarian Society, books publithed by the os es 158 Vaccination in Hungary de 61 tela. o = =aty defence of ay 350 Valangin, Dr. De, accountof .. 373 Valetta; defcription of ee 514 Vane, Lady, inquiry concerning 502 Variations of the barometer, on 149 Varnifh, how to make copal i. 261 Vent, improved beer of 7 Venus, equation of the Sun by 133 Vefuvius, eruption of ah 323 Vienna, bills of mortality at 2595 555 2 go , Ephemerides of “se 133 Vinegar, how to make balfamic 454 Virgil, on paflages of AR 104, 328 Vulture, defcription of the carrion 319 Wahlbohm’s Sponfalia Plantarum, ac- count of oe Se 500 Wales, onadiftantview of © .. 37 «+++, account of a ae of the Prince of .. . 249 «+++, population and extent of 328 Walker, T., account of be Walmefley, T., account of oi 197 Walpole, letterof Horace an 238 War, on the Continental as Ward, Dr. S.,.account-of b's 538 Warlike machine, propofal for a 455 Warwickhhire, population and extent of 328 Washing, compofition for is Wafps, fatal inftance of the venom of Watch-fprings, on the elafticity of _ Water, on the'noife of boiling cs ---«.+,0n the contraction of, by heat ~s---, new engine for raifing 50 -«---» apparatus for raifing oe 256 ~i-.- y new method of filtering 346 +.--- Clofets, improvement in 446 _ Waves, onthe word v0 325 Wax diffolved in water ja 62 . Wax-candles, improvementin making 544 Waxen chatterer, defcription of 410 Weapon, on the word es ‘512 Weaving, improvements in oe 447 Welch Indians, on a colony of 517 Wells, improvement at *e 396 ~~ Weftminfter fan€tuary, account of Weitmoreland, population and extent of 328 E - ++, improvements in 375 Weybridge common, inclofures on 104 Weymouth, life-boat at AC) 197 Wheat, on the difeafes of ap 9 se ee.ey importations of ie 391 Wheatear, defcription of the ee 410 Whitaker, Mr,, character of oe 577 White, J. N., account of 183 Whitehaven Difpenfary, ftate oe 77 Wa =) oro ec » improvement of the town of - ais ith 184 Wigmore, Mr., murder of Me 49% Willow, Addrefs to the ae 37 Wilton theep-fair, account of “age 337 Wiltfhire, population and extent of 328 ag 305 , improvements in op De Windfor, Views of the Chapel at 164 Winkelmann’s Letters, acceunt of 554 Winn, Sir R., account of ° be 485 With, the sr eis 146 Woburn, agricultural fete at oe 84 Wood, how to slip in damp fitua- tions oe 257 Woodburn, W., Cepia of as 77 Woodchat, defcription of the ae 128 Woodpecker, account of the oe ib. Wool, prices of cons 95 Wool-fair at Lewes, account of 238 Woollen-cloth, patent for ftraining 49 Woolwich, fire at 74 Worcefter Honfe of Induftry, ftate of 1990 seeeeees Infirmary, ftate of be: 283 pa oievers > population and extent of the county of =a 328 Workington Agricultural slap. ac- count of “et 375 eer take Difpenfary, ftate oii ib, Worfley, Sir R., account of -- * 195 Wye, J. W., account of ro 85 Yarn, method of fizing cotton 347 Year’s Laft Day 235 Yellow- fever, remedies fans “160, 253, 259 York Agricultural Society, meeting of the Bi. “- 277 -+++ Lunatic Afylum, ‘fate of 278 .++. improvements in the county of 2735 376, 576 +++» population and extent of the county of ri a 328 Zariadres, ftory of as 509 Zinc, a malleable metal oe 159 «++, Method of making, into wire 447 Zootheca, on the name olathe 35 Zwingli, character of win sage 35 Alphabetical AP2 + 668 In DE X. Alphabetical Lift of Bankrupts announced between Fune roth and December 20th, 18053 ABNEY, R. Abnéein Addifon, T Adkins, J. Aked & Young Angell, H. H. Arbouin, J. Ares, T. Arnold, T. Auftin, J. Ayerft & Co. Badcock, J. Badderley, J. Bailey,R Bainbridge, J. Baldock, T. Barnley, |. Barrow, E. N. Bate, T. Baylis, S. Baylis, W. Beck, A. Bellamy, J. &E. Bendelack, A Bennell, J. Bennett, J. Benfon, W. Bexon, W, Blakefton, J. Biinkinfop, J. Blunt & Scollay Blunt, W. Boardman, B. Bond, T. Bonton, J. Boon, R. Bowden, J. Boyd, T. Bradburn, R. Brawn, T.P. Brenan, R. Brett, W. Brewer, W. Brewer, J. Bromhead, W. Brooks, M. Brown, W. H. Brown, J. Buckle, S. Bulloek, S. “Bunn, S. Burrows, J. Burton, B. Bury, R. Calvert, R. Canning, f. Canning, E, Carter, J. Chalmers, F. Chandler, R. Chatterton, W. Chatterton, S. Charley, }. Clapfon, {fe Clarke, J. 264 Cline, W. 367 Coats, E. 562 Coats, Maffey & Hall 562 Cockburn, A 464 Cockerill, W. 562 Collard, J. 66 Coltman, W. 562 Colvil!, J. 464. Colville, J. 464. Cooke, J. 562 Copp & Walker 170 Cotton, J. 464 Cox, E. 562 Cox, B 646 Crane, J. 66 Croudfon, T. 562 Crowther & Wat- fon 464 Cummings, T. 562 Curzon, C, 66 Davis, R. 367 Davis, J. 562 Dawfon, J. 170 Dickenfon & Goodall 562 Dimond, J. F. 170 Dodgfon, G. 264 Doyle, J. 367 Driver, J. 264 Duffy, P. 264 Dugard, G. 170 Dyiter, J. 464 Eardley, C. & T. 367 Edgar, J. 264 Edwardes, T. 66 Ellis, J. 562 England, W, 562 Etches, R. 264. Evans, D. 367 Fairlefs, M. 464 Fanar, T. 264 Farrar, W. 562 Favell, M. 367 Feldwick, J. 367 Fell, T. 464 Feltham, S. 170 Ferneley, T. & G.264 Fifher,S.M. = 562 Fletcher, G. 170 Fletcher, J. 464 Fogg & Cantrell 562 Ford, S. 464 Fountain, B. 562 Freeman, T, 5170 Furley, W. 464 Gahagan, J. 367 Garbett, J. 66 Gardner, W. 66 Ganden, P, 562 Geary, H. 264 Gibbs, ]. 367 Gibbs, W. 562 Giffard, J. 562 Gill, S. 562 Golden, J. 367 Goodwin, W. 464 Goom,R, 464. Gooftry, P. 170 Graham, J. K. 170 Graves, W. 562 Greatrex, C, 464 Green, T. 367 Green, W. 464 Green, f. 562 Griffiths, F. 367 Grimes, G. 464 Hadfield, T. & W. 562 Hale, F. 562 Hall, T. 170 Hall, W 264 Hamer, R. 367 Hancock & Hoff- meyer 66 Harding, S. 264 Herrifon, J.R. 66 Harrifon, G. 66 Harrifon, W. 562 Hayes, G. 264 Headland, W. 264 Helens, C. W. 562 Hemiley, H. 562 Hennem, J. 170 Henfhall, J. 464 Herbert, T. 170 Hellelwood, R. 367 Hewitt, J. 66 Heyes, J.- 264 Heywood, W. 170 Hickinbotham,S. 562 Hill, J. 170 Him{worth, W. 170 Hindle, T. 170 Hitchcock, J. 170 Hobdell, R. 66 Hodgfon, W. 264 Hoffman, D. 367 Hole, B. 66 Houfeal, J.B. 66 Howard,T. & W. 562 Howard, T. 562 Hubberty, J. L. 170 Huddlefton, J. 264 Hudfon, C. 464 Hudfon, J. 4.64 Hughes, W. 170 Hughes, M. 264. Humphries,H.&W. 66 Hotchings, H. 264 Irving, W. 562 Tfaac, J. 264 Ifaacs, G. & M. 464 Izod, W. 562 Jackfon, W. 170 Jackfon, C. 464 Jefferfon, A. W. 264 Jenkins, W. 367 Jenkins and Wol- len 367 Johnfon, W. 170 Johnfon, C. 170 Johnfon, T. 264 Johnfon, J. 367 Jones, RS. 170 Jones, J. 367 Jones, J. 367 Jones, T, 464 Jones, J. B. 562 Kendall, S. 562 Kettle, G. 562 Lambert, G. 264. Larkin, E, 170 Leakin, J. 170 Leech, W. 562 feosC, 367 Levin, M.M. 464 Levy, M, 562 Lincoln, R. 66 Lock, H. 464. Lord, F. 367 Lovell, T. 464. Lovelock, C. 170 Lowden, W. 66 Lowther, R. 562 Ludlam, J. 170 Maccann, W.~ 170 Macklin, A 367 Maclaurin, D. 464 Macpherfon, W. 562 Main, J. 367 Markham, J. 66 Marr, R. 464. Marfden, W. 562 Marfh, A. 562 Mellor, J. 562, Mence, R.M. 170 Mercer & Fore- fhaw 64 Mercer, J. & N. 562 Merryweather,E. “464 Mierre & Crofby 6 Milburn & Cope- man Mille?, T. | 464 Milner & Whit- aker 562 Mockitt, T. 562 Moggridge, A 170° Mohun, H, 464 Moore, J. 264 Moorfoor, R. 464 Morgan, R. 464 Morgan, J. 464 Morgan, J. 464 Morrifon, We 367 Mofes, J. 562 Moule, J. 170 Newall, J. 170 Nichols, J. 464 Nicholfon, H 562 Nightingale, J. 367 Noel, T. H. 66 Ogden, R. 170 OHagan,G. 562 Orbeli, W. 66 Ormrod, G. 562 Offer, B. 464 Palmer, H. 264 Palmer, T. 562 Paterfon, J. 562 Pattrick, T. 464 Payne, E. 264 Peake, S 464 Perrin, T. 464 Petford, W. 264 Pettitt, J. 562 Pierce, J. 562 Prefton and Mad- den 562 Pringle, M. 367 Prior, J. 464 Randall, W. 264 Randall, W. 562 Rangdale, B. 562 Rawftorn, W. 562 Read, T. 66 Rennell, W. 170 Rice, T. 562 Richardby, J. 171 Richards, J. 171 Robertfon, D. 17f Robinfon & Ibbet- foa 367 Robinfon & Cle- ments 562 e Ni, Dy E,. x, Robinfon, W. Robfon, J. Rodwell, T, Rolfe, J. Rofe, W. Roundell, J. Rudhall, H. Sanderfon, A. Saul, E. Sawyer, R. Scholefield, J. Scott, J. Scott, T. Senate, E. Sheppard, A. Silvebrand, J. Silverfides, T. Sims, W. Simms, W. Sizeland, J. Slater, T. Slaymaker, J. Smethurtt, J- Smith, J. Smith, J. & J. Smith, W. Smith, R. Smith, T. Smith, J. Smith, W. - Smithfon, R. Starr, J. Stevens, J. Stocker, A. 562 562 66 171 264 367 464 454 562 464 171 66 367 464 562 464 454 464 562 171 171 17 66 66 66 171 264 552 562 562 171 171 464 464 Stokes, J. 464 Stone, W. 171 Strong, J. 464 Sutcliffe, W. 264 Sutherland, P, 264 Sykes, J. 464 Tankard, J. 562 Tate, J. , §62 Taylor, J. 66 ‘Taylor, J 264 Teefdale, J. 464 Thomas & Laf- celles 66 Thomas & Bond 171 Thomas, J. 464 Thomas, J. 4¢4 Thomas, J. 562 Thuriton, J. 66 Tigar, A. 464 Tilyard, G. 66 Timms, S. val Townfend, E. 66 Travers & Bate 367 Tripp, E, 264 Trudgate, J, 464 Tuck, T, 464 Tullock, J. $62 Tunnicliff, T. 367 Twigg, C, 464 Urquhart, W. 66 Vander Hoeven, D. j. 464 Vearty, B. 464 Walker, R. 264 669 Wallis, J. 465 Ward, H. 4655 Wardell, T. 17 Warne, W. 454 Waters, B. , 464 Watred,J.N. 367 Wazcfon, J. 66 Watfon, J. 562 Wayne, J. 66 Wetherill, W. & . 264 White & Ferni- hough 367 White, M. 464 White, T. 562 Whitnale, W. 172 Whittenbury, E. 464 Wilcocke, S. H. 264 Wild, J. 66 Williams, J. 66 Williams, J 264 Willimott, J. S. 264 Willmore, W. 367 Wilfon, R. 46s Wing, W. 171 Winwood & Tho- dey 172 Witts, E, 66 Wood, f. 17t Wood, T. 264 Worley, C. 564. Wright, J. 562 Wright, S 562 Young, S. 562 Alphabetical Lift of Dividends announced from the roth of Fune to the 20th of Decem-~ ABBOT, T. 367 Acklam, W, 563 Alderfon, C. 171 Allen, W. 264 Allen, W. 465 Allwood, T. 264 Andrews, G. 367 Anfell, G. 66 Aplin, O. 367 Arferft, J. 593 Aris & Taylor 171 Arniftead, R.H, 66 erage A.M. 66 Arthey, E 170 Bete C.T. 563 Afkin, C. 465 Atkinfon, H. 66 Bakez & Shor- land 71 Baker, J. 465, 563 Baker, S. 563 Bakewell, R. 367 Balding, W. 67 Ball, |. 563 Barker, W. 67 Barker, T. 17! ber, 1805. Barker, S. 563 Bicknell, S, 66 Barlow, J. 563 Bigwood, J. 171 Barnes, R. 367 Birch & Marfh 367 Barnes, T. 367 Bird, W.W. 264, 367 Barr, J, 171 Birkett, G 367 Bartlett, R. 171 Bifhop & Terry 367 Bartlett, W. 264 Blacklock, W. Barton, S, 563 465, 13 Batfon, W. 367 Blany, T. 465 Baxter, J. 66 Blunt, W. 563 Beaver & Jones 171 Bottomby,S. 367 Bebbington, J. 465 Bowman, J. 367 Bedford, T, 67 Bowyer, J. 563 Beefton, J 563 , Boyce, 5. W. | 563 Bell, J 367 Braddon, W 553 Bell, J 465 Bradley, H. 67 Bell, J. 563 Briftow, F. 66 Bellamy, T. & J, ce Brook & Webfter 264 Bennett, J. W. 66 Brookbank, J. 264 Bennett, R.S, 66 Brown, R. 465 Bennett, O. 563 Bryon, W. 767 Benfon, J. & J. aan Buckler, S. 367 Bentley, R. 563 Bunny, W. 66 Berkeley, T 67 Burfite, J. 563 Berridge, RB. 367 Burr, G. 465 Berthoud, H, a4 Burton & Hilt 367 Burwood, W. 563 Butler, W. 465 Butler, W. 563 Cameion, H. 367 Campbell, B. 264, 367 Carpenter, J. 175 Carr, B. 17 Carter, T. 67 Caven, P. 563 Chaddock & Reay, 171, 367 Chadwick, J. 67 Charles & "Loft I7t Chatterton & : Wells 465 Chiveis, Ww. mr Clark, J. 6 Clark, f aie Clarke, F. 367 Clarkfon, T. 465 Clayton, T. 465 Clegg, C. 563 Clerke, W. H, 264 Cohen, L. 465 Cole, J, 367 7 670 Cole, T. 264 Coleman, J. 367 Caleman, J. 367; 563 Collins, J. 67 Colls, Ra. 7 Cook, J. 367 Cook, C. 171 Coote, T. 465 Cornu, W. 465 Cory, G. © 67, 171 €oulfon, T. 17t Coulthard, A. 264 Coulthard, J. 2.64. Cox, D. & D. 171 Cox, J 17! Crank, W.C. 67; 465 Cream, BE. 465 Croft, L. 3675 465 Crofs, J. 367 Crucicthanks, J. 563 Corry, J- 264 Curtis & Griffin 171 Curtis gSeott 563 Curti 264. Dale, W 264 Dane & Co. 264 Dann & Co. 465, 563 Darling, S. 367 Dauney, W- 171 Davies, D. 67 Davies, E. 67,264 Davis, H. 367, 563 Davis, G. 563 Davifon, A. 67 Dawfon, R. 264 * Dawfon, J. 367 Day, B. 67 Day, W. 67 Day, E. 17% De Beaune, D. ° ‘ 67, 465 “Dedton, G. 171 Deighton, T. 563 De Mierre, J. D. 563 Dennett, G. 367 Dennifon,W. 264 Defmarais, P. (563 Dewdney, B. 465 Dickenfon, E. 465 ‘Dike, G 171 Dixon, [..& W.* 367 Dodd, W 367 Dodfon, J. 563 Driver, T. 465 Doffin, M. & H. 367 Duffy, T 264 Dwyer, J. 67 Dyfon, 8. 563 Eagleton, E. 67 Eat, J. 465 Eafterby, G. 563 Eaton, J. 563 Ecclvs & Hol- broolc 367 Edgar, J. 563 Edward & Man- — fell ~ 465 PN DE Edwards & Jack- Greetham, T. fon 563 Gregory, A 171 Elliott & Pick- Grindred& Gueft 363 hard 465 Groves, J. - 563 Ellis, D. 465 Groom, J. 363 Emerfon, J. 563 Gurdon, W. 563 Emmett & Bald- win 67 Efpener, C. al Eftlin, N 171 Evans, W.M. 465 Evans, H. 465 Evans, J 563 Eviil, W. 465 Eyre "ke Co, 367, 46 Eyre, B wn Faffon, T. 67 Faulkner, J 171 . Fentham, H. H. 563 FenwickyT. J. 368 Fenwick, f. 465 Ferns, R B. 367 Fernyhough, J. 465 Field, W. 67 Filton, E. 368 Finden, J. 563 Fitt, T. 367 Flinders; Ww. 455 Forbes & Gregory 67 Forbes, G. 67 Forbes, F. 563 Fox, J.&W: 466 Fox, B 563 Fozard, J. & L 67, 368. Francis, G. 264 Franklin, T. 563 Frafer & Boyl- ftone 563 Frafer, T. 563 Freeman, W, 465 French, G. 563 Fromings, J. 563 Froft, W. 264 Froft, W. 264 Fryer, G. 67 Fulcher, B. 67 Fuller, D. 465 Fullwood, ]- 3638 Furlonge, M. 367 Gardner, F, 171 Gardner, J. 368 Garforth, T. 264 Garland, M, 67, 368 Geary, T. 171 Cldies; A. 368 Gell, W. S. 171 G'frord, R. J. 563 Gilb re, T. 563 Goodyear, W. 67 Gooftry, P. 563 Gowland, G. 171 Graham, R, & Ww. k 563 Gray, J. 45 Guthrie & Cook 465 Haigh, J. 368, 563 Hale, H. 67 Hale, J. H. 264 Hall, J. 465 Hall, S. 563 Hallifield, J. 465 Hardman, J. 67, 171 Harman, J. 363 Harris, J. 67 Rarris, T. 67 Harris, W. 171 Harris, J. 17I Harris & Price 563 Harrifon &Pritch- ard 171 Hartley, S. 368 Harwood, A, 553 Raflell, F. 264 Hawkins, J. 368 Haycock, R. 67 Hayward, S. 368 Hawkf{worth, W. 368 Healy, J. 465 Hemens, T. 563 Henderfon,D. 563 Heptinftall, T. Hefketh, W., T. & H. 17t Hill, S. 67, 371 H tchon 563 Hoare, P. 563 Hobbs, T. 465 Hobfon, T-. 67 Hofiman, A.B. 368 Hogeray, J. 465 Holden, W. 171 Holden, G. 368 Horfman, E & J. 171 Houlding & Sow- erby 171 Houldfworth & Grofvenor 17t Heward, J. 368 Howell, f. 264. Hudfon, R. 368 Hoggins, R. 455 Humphries, H. &W. 563 Humphrys, W 358, 465 Ingram, J. 368 anes, A. 67 Irvin & Holden, 615 171, 265 Jacks, W. 368 Jackfon, R. 265 fackfon, a. 348 James, H. 368 “James & Bond = 563 264 Pepetiaa} & Claf- © 465 a: ty J. - 368 Jenkins, J. 465 Jewitt, W. 563 Johnfon, C, 563 Johniton, R., J. & W. 67 Jones, W. 171 Jones & Co, 171 Jones, J. 265 Jones, T. 265, 455 Jones, R. H. 465 Jones, T. 563 Keeble, H. A. 563 Keen, J. 67 Keir, L. 368 Kemp, S. 563 Kerthaw, J & W. 67 Ketland, J 563 Keyle, J + 563 Kindel, J 67 King, J. & J. 368 King, J. 593 Kirkpatrick, J. 465 Kifs, W. D. 465 Knight, T. 368 Kraufs, J. S, 563 Lacy, f. 67 “Lambert, T. 265 Lane & Frafer 171, 265, 368, 663 Lawrence, R, 67 Lea, H. ‘563 Leaming & Co, 368, rs Lee, P. Lees,.J. & S. 368 Leigh, H. 563 Levi, H. 67 Lewis, J. 368 Lewis, T. W. 368 Lewis, R. 563 Lichigaray & Dunsford 171, 368 Lincoln, J. 368 Lindley, J. 465 Lloyd, H. 67 Lofit, J.. C. & dere 368 Lord, J. 265 Lofh & Robin- fon 171, 265 Lovell, W. H. 265 Lowman, J. 17t Lucas, W.N. 368 M‘Cormac, D. 563 Mac Cluer,D. 465 Macfarlane, Je 465, 563 Mackellar,D. . 368 Mackenzie, M. 368 Mackenzie, J. - 563 M‘Kinley & Be- + lifario, 368 ckie, We 26 Min, J: ie Maitall Marthall, T. 465 Marfton, S, 171 Martin, H. 265 Maffey, C. 368, 465 Matters, W. & W. 67 Matthew & Turn- » buil 67 Mattrafs, J. 67 Maxwell, R. 563 Maydwell 465 Mayor, W. 67 Medway, J. 171 Meifkie, H. 553 Mellor & Pratt . : 7, pr Merfon, E. 171 Millar, J. 465 Miller, J. 368 Mills, J. Og, Mitchell, T, 67 Mobbs,” J. 26 Moffatt, D. 67 Moggridge,W. 465 Monteith, & Se- _ queira 465 Moore, J. 26 Moorhoufe, J. 265 Moorman, J. 26 Morgan é& S'ro- ther 368 Morley, W. 265, 363 Morris, W. 67 Morris, G. i71 Morrey, J. 368 Mofes, S. 67 Moyle, T. 368 Mozley, L. M. 171, 563 Mundell, E. 67 Naith, J. 67 Neaves, J. 265 Needham, T. 495 Newbold, J. 265 Newman, P. 67 Newton, J. 465, 563 Niggs, D, 465 Nixon, J. 363 Nuttell, J. 265 Oakes, J. 67 Oddy, J.& J. 67 Oxenham, W. 363 Page, J. 67 Pain, A. 563 Parker, J. 265 Parr, J. 363 Parrott, W. J. 67 Payne, W. 67 Payne, T. 67 Peck, A. 17k Pemberton & Houlding 171, 465 Perrin,C.F. 3.68 Petrie & Ward 363 Phillips, J. 67 Phillips, G. H. 265 Pickman,W. 171,265 Picxrepoint, J: 465 TW NG Dr Bs oe. Pinny, D. 465, 563 Pitts, W. i71 Platt, G. 171 Plowes, J. 67 Plumleigh, T. 265 Pollington, C. 465, 563 Poole, R. 368 Portal, J. 465 Preedy, J. ~67 Prefgrave, E. 171 Prieftley, J. & J.a71 Prince, W. 563 Pullin & Ro- berts 191 Purle, S, 563 Pyall, J. 465 Randall, W. 465 Ranfon, L. 67, 171 Ratray, J. 465 Rawlence, M. 265 Read, A. 353 Read, J.P. & R. 363 Reddell, J. 563 Reilly, J. D. 563 Reynolds, R. 368 Richardfon, J. 67 Richardfon, J. 368 Richardfon, R. 363 Richardfon & Worthington 465 Richardfon, P. 563 Richold, M. 563 Rideing & Sever 465 Riley, E. 363 Rifhman, J.C. 363 Roberts, C. 67 «Roberts, T. 67 Roberts, D. 265 Roberts, J. 358 Roberts, F. 563 Robins, F. 563 Robinfon & Paris 171 Robinfon, T. 368, 563 Roby, S.&E, 176 Rodd, T. 67 Roe, C. 465 Rofe,C. 171, 363 Rofe, J. 368 Rowden, J." 265 Rowe, M. 553 Rowland, N, & Fs 67, 17% Rowley, T. & J. 465 Ruhher, J. I7t Roffel, T. 465 Sundback, W. 67 Sawyer, J. 71 Saxby, H. 363 Sayles & Co. 171 Scarfe, R. m7I Scarth, W. 563 Schneider, J. H, 368, 563 Scott, A. 563 Scott, J, HA, 563 Scougall, G, 465 Scrape, J. 368 Seddon, G. 171, 465, 563 Shallcrofs & Barnes 368 Sharples, R. 67 Shaw, J. 363 Shaw, G. 465 Sheldrick, W. 265 Shenftone, J. M. 465, 563 Sherman, T. 465 Si:ams, f. ‘67 Siflmore & Croff- _key 563 Sizer, J 171 Skegg, F 368 Sloper, A. 46>, 563 Smee, J. 368, 563 Smith, T. 67 Smith & Smi- * thies 67 Smith} S. I7r Smith, W. 265 Smith, T.- 368 Smith, J. 465 Smith, J 465 Smith, f. 553 Smith, R 553 Speed, G. 465, 563 Speed, T. 465 Spencer, W. 67 Spencer, P, 255 Sping, M. 455 Spraggon, J.& Ww. 67, 265 Stainfhy, J. 563 Stephens, W. 363 Stephens, J. 368 Stephenfon, C. . 17T, 368 Stoney & Smith 67, 171 Stork & Co. 67, 368 Stratton, G. & H. 368 Striftland & Hol- land 563 Sutherland, J. 563 Sutherland, J. 563, Syers, T. 265 Syle, E. 368 Syme, J. 455 Symons & Crapp 265 Tabart, B, 563 Tabrum, R. 67 Tage, M. 4%5 Tankerfley,R. 255 Tapley, M. 265 Taylor, J.’ 67, 17% Taylor, f. 67 Taylor & Cowley 265 Taylor, J. 363 Taylor, J. 563 Taylor, C. 563 Thomfon,W. 465 Thornton, J. 465 671 Thurgood, T. 67 Timmings, J. B. 3 368, 465 Tinkler & Rife 563 Tomlins, W. 563 Took, J. ~ 368 Towell, W. 63 Towefland,§,. 368 Townfend, J. 171, 26% Townfend, J. 368 Tracey, W, 368 Tripp, H. 563 Tunnicliff, f. & M. 456 Tunniclif, J. 563 Turner, f. 67 Turner, J. 17k Turner, J. 563 Twyford, R. 368 Tyall, j. Me ais Tyndale, W.R. 175 Upton, J. 465. Urquiart, W. 562 Uthe:, J. W, 65 4 Valery, J. 368, 553 Varley, f. 17a Vaughan, W. 455) Vefey, D. 265 Vinn, T, 563 Virtue, T. 368 Vowell, J. 67 Wade, T, 368 Wagner, j- 465 Wain & Aggs, 67 Walford, R, 368 Walker, E. 17% Walley; T. 7% Wallis, J. 363 Wallis, J. 465 Wallis, J 553 Wanklin, J. 67 Ward, T. 465 Ward, T.* 563 Warlters, J. I7t Warren, J. 465, 563 Watfon, J. 563 | Way, E. 563 Weaver, W. 67 Weightman, T. 563 Wells, E. 363 Wells, J. 6 wanine, Gy er Wefthorp, N. 465 Weftoby, E. I7E Wetton, C.& R 56 Wheatley, J. 368.45 Whitaker, J. & WwW, 175 Whitaker, W. 67, 25 White, R. 465 Whittle, R. 67 Whittle, T. 3438 Whicworth, J: 174 Wihelmi, H. 35, Wilde & Co. 67 Wilkinfon, 672 Wilkinfon, G. Williams, J. Windatt, J. Wing, W. Wingate, T. Winter, jf. ABEILLE Abernethy INDE X. Winwood & Tho- dey Witty, F. A. 465 Wollafton & Up- john 465 Wood, J. 465 Woodroffe, BE. 465 Wood & Jack. fon 465, Woodward, P. 563 465, 553 R. 465, Worledge, Wray, H. 563 67 Names of Authors, Patentees, ©@c., mentioned in this Volume. 4690 154 Adams 158, 358,458 Aikin, Dr. 242, 302, 348, 453, 551, 560 Alibut 262 Allen 154 Allingham 560 Alfton 453 Anderfon, Dr. 349 Andrews 65 Armiger 155 Arnaud 408 Arnemann, Dr. 57 Arnold 408 Afaph, Bifhop of St. 158, 560 Babington, Dr. 154 Badham, Dr. 155 Baldwin, 358, 421 Balfour, Dr. 149 Banks 459 Bankes $7 Barber 64, 560 Barber, W. 857 Barlow 453 Barnet 43 Barnett 247 Bafeley 459 Batley 50 Batty, Dr. 155 Bauer 53 Beaumont 65 Beauvois 353 Becker 65 Beckford 460 Beddoes, Dr. 305 Bell 58) 452 Beloe 58 Belfham 64 Berendis 554 Eeresford 56 Bergmann 63 Bernhardi 262 Bevans 254 Bewick 5s 304 Biddulph 161 Bigland 58 Bitaube 254 Blair 155 Bluck 51 Boifmont 254 Bolfchoi 260 Boni 152 Bone 253 Bonhote 560 Ponpland 15, 59» 112 Booth 58 Boreux 160 Bother 163 Bounden 459 Bowan 253 Boyd 65, 158,253 Bramah 542 Branfby 460 Bridgman 162 Briggs 158 Britton 64, 357 Brookes 155, 552 Brookfhaw 162 Bruce 162, 163 Bryan 356, 452 Buck 452 Buffington 49 Bulmer 460 Burckhardt 166 Burnaby, Dr. 56r Burnfide 460 Burton, Dr. 160 Bufch 66 Butcher, E. 153, 551 Butcher, R. J. 396 Calcagni 261 Cambry 254 Campbell 455 Campe 66 Camus 359 523 Canning 452 Canova 261,556 Cappe, Mrs. 210 Capper 451 Carey 8, 561 Carlifle 543 552 Carpenter 64 Carpue 156 Cartwright 255, 459 Cavendifh 542 Chalmers 302, 551 Chapman. 447 Chapone, Mrs. 349 Chaptal 24 Charnock 551, 560 Cheffina 396 Chevalier 156 Chriftie 253 Chriftophe 254 Clark 1573459 Clarke 163 Clarke, W. 429 Clarke, H. 4st Clarke, Dr. 58, 156, 348, 358, 552 Clayfield 49 Clennell 99» 305 Cline 154 Clofe 256 Cockburn 253 Coleman 154 Collet 64 Collyer 253 Colman 162 Cooke 252 Cooper, A. 154 Cooger, S. 353 Cope 355 Corfe 355 Cottin 561 Cottle 57> 358 Coulton 16% Cowan 1st Cowper 146 Cox, Dr. 349, 551 Coxe 163 Cramer 460 Crocker 53, 561 Cruife 53 Cumberland 560 Cumming, Dr. 543 Cumming 55 Curry, Dr. 154 Cuvier 65 Dallas 161, 459 Dallaway 452 Dankelmann 453 Darwin, Dr. 398 Daubeny 459 Davie 349, 561 Dayot 349 Days 162 Delamethrie 15 Delaverne 460 Delaunay 554 Denina 561 Denmenie 260 Dennifon, Dr. 155 Deffarts 460 Deformeaux 544 Defgodetz 556 Defpiau 447 Dibdin 64 Dick 255 Diliwynn 357 Wright, D. 67 Wright, J. 465 Yarrol, T. mnt Yeates, J- 465 Yend, H. 563 Youard, W. = 37 Young, W. W. 265 Dimond 357 Dinmore 417, 504 Difney 452 Doberimer 63 Donovan 65, 158s 253 Doornik 49 Dontremont 56r Drake, Dr. 65 Drouette 62 Du Bois 400 Du Bofc 121 Duboft 162 Duke 162 Duker 163 Duminil 254 Dunne 245 Duppa 550 Duputel 254 Dyce, Dr. 46 Dyer 348 Eaftburn 231 Ebers 565 Edgeworth 552 Edwards, Dr. 154 Edwards, J. 568 Eichhorn 258, 562 Ellis 65 Elmes 157 Englefield 46, 348 Erneft 163 Ernouf 258 Efmenard 553 Evans, W. D. 59 Evans, J. 551, 564 Evanfén 1575 56% Eyton 460 Faber 554 Fabroni 61 Falconer, Dr. 458 Falconnet 322 Fauft, Dr. 354 Fea 556 Felix, Dr. 454 Fellowes 254, 349 Fergufon 51 Finlayfon I5t Fifcher 255 Fitzgerald 565 Fitzwilliam 459 Flinders 543 Fond, St. 253 Forfter 453 Forfyth Loo ~ Fox Fox 154 Fox, C. J. 574 rampton 155 Francis © 560 Franklin, Dr. 253 ‘Frazer, Dr. 560 Free 253 Frend 358, 560 Fulton 98 Fufeli 62 Gall, Dr. 262 Gallet 254 Garnerin 160 Gebhard 62 Genlis 256 Gibere 161 Giddy 257 Giefecke 160 Gilbank 52 Gillefpie 253 Girle 161 Gladwin 348 Goefchen 61 Goethe 66 Golden 459 Good 459 Goodacre 253 Gordon 453 Grahame 453 Granger 358 Grater 61 Grattan 65 Graves 256 Gregory, Dr. 348, 55° Gregory 452 Gregfon 47 ' Grellier 163 Grefiwell 256 Griffiths, Dr. 59 Guattani 556 Gurney 357 Haighton, Dr. 154 Hall 561 Halle 555 Hamilton . 160 Hamilton, Dr. 458 Harding 353 Harvey 64 Harwood 235, 349 Hatchett 444 Hay 353 Haygarth,Dr. 64 Hayley 551 Hayter 255 Headington 155 Heath 34.8 Heberden, Dr. 253 Heineckin 163 Heinke 455 Helme 459 Henry, T. 311 Henry, M. 460 Hermann 160, 163 Hermitadt 455 Herfchel, Dr. 444 ~ Heyrick 16k Montury Mag, lm oD & X. Hill 161 Hoare 65 Hoare, SirR, 45% Hobfon 159 Hodgfon, Mrs. 5 Hodfon 159 Hoftmanfegg 261 Hogue 562 Holeroft 158, 358 Holmes, Dr. 64 Homer 158 Hooker Hope, Dr. 149,151 Hornblower 50 Horftig 354 Howe 2545 460 Howifon, Dr. 47 Humboldt 15> 595 112, 256, 556 Hunold 354 Hunt 453 Hunter, Dr, 16% Hunter J. 459 Hutchings 544 Hutchinfon, Dr. 553 Huth 552 Inchbald 64 Irvine, Dr. 349, 458 Irving 57> 256 Ifaac 415 Jackfon, Dr. 58, 357, 452 Jackfon, Mrs. 59 Jamefon 163 Jamiefon, Dr, 151 Jarrold 255 Jebb, Dr. gor Jefierfon 163 Johnftone 254 Johnftone, Dr. 358 Johnfton 458 Jonas 58,157 Jones, Dr. 162 Jones, T. 256, 357 Jones, Sir W. 418 ones, J. 458 Jonfon 58 Jortin 8, 458 Jungius 456 Kainoel 163 Kelly, Dr, 57 Kelly, Mrs, 163, 253 Kelly 256 Kendrick 64 Kenrick 349, 459 Kent 446 Kentith, Dr, 454 Kiefweller 63 Kinglake, Dr. 157 Kirke 64. Klaproth 62 Kilopftock 66, 561 Knight 446 Koehler 163 Kopp 259 Kotzebue 255 No. 338, Krufenftern 555 Labatt,Dr. | 358 Lafontaine 65, 163, 253 Lafuente 253 Laing 163 Lake 253 Lalande 129, 215, 2545 306, 353 Lameyran 262 Landaff, Bithop of 348 Landolini 556 Lane 445 Langhorne 255 Laquiane 160 Lathom 459 Lathy 163 Laumonier 262 Lawler 459 Lawrence 154 Laycey 458 Lazzeri 556 Leibnitz 63 Lebrun 254 Lemercier 553 Lenoir 59 Lenormand 261 Leflie 58 Lewes 16r Lewis 164 Lindfay 453° Lipfoombe 357 Liverpool, Earlof 6 5 Loft 57, 121, 255, 299, 502 London 162 Lowe 501 Lowrie 357 Lucas 163, 248 Luccock 357 Lunier 254 Luxmoore 357 Lyfons 58 Maccallum 551 Macartney 154, 552 Macdonald 163, 459 Macdonald, Mifs 459 Macklachlan 47 Mackenzie €5 Mackenzie, Sir G. 150 Mackintofh 352 Macknautan 545 Mackonochie 455 Macpherfon, 161,163 M‘Cullum 460 Magnalk 459 Major 54 Malcolm 458, 460 Mangourit 460 Mann 1s1 Mant, Dr. 353 Martet, Dr. 154 Marchand 555 Marfland 3.47, 447 Martyn 162 Mafloufky 353 4R Maxwell 357 Mavor, Dr, 58 Merriman 64 Meyer 55* Michaux 254 Milburne 156 Miller, Dr. 63, 2575 458 Miller, S. 64 Miller 162 Millin 160 Milne 253 Moggridge 129 Moifere 553 Mollerfton 153 Montague 57 Montjoyn 254 Montolieu- 358, 459 Moore, Dr. 56c Morgan = 458, 55 Moritz 568 Morrell 254 Morris, Dr. 64 Morrifon 349 Morveau 259 Morufi 455 Mofher 48 ’ Munkhoufe, Dr. 53, 16k Munter, Dr. 63 Murhard 66 Murray, H. 162 Murray, L. 422 Nares 453, 56£ Nemnich 20r Necker 66 Neuftadther 6r Newland 59 Nicholfon 59, 544 Nicolai. 6x Nifbitt, Dr. 63, 257 Noble 458 Nougaret 25h Nugent 5z Oddy 16£ Ocgg 63 Ogle Tie Olivier 460 Opie, Mrs. 453, 550 Orme 162,253 Orton 157,453 Ofterwald 63 Oudiette 460 Oufeley 454 Outrement 65, 254 Owenfon 26% Oxford, Bifhop of 168 Pacchiani 160, 308, 553 Palitzyn 29 Pallas 66 Palmer Is Parke aap Parker 51, 161, 256 Parkes $50 Parkinfon 97, 458 Partridge 460 Paterfon 674 Paterfon, Dr. 452 Pauli 553 Peacock 65 Pears 544 Pearfon, Dr. R. 103 Pearfon, Dr.G. 155 Pearfon, Mr. 552 ‘Peers 561 Peron 353 Perron 418 Perfoon 460 Peuchet 460 Pickar 165 Pickboura 2938 Pignorti 308 Pilkington 65 ®inckard, Dr. 453 Pinkerton 302 Piton 254 Playfair, Dr. 149, 157 Playfair, Mr. 158, 304, 358 Plucknett 346 Plumptre 162 Pontey 256 Porfon 97 Porter 164 Pothier 59 Pott 161 Poulleau 160 Poufckin 353 Powell, Dr. 354 Pratt 64 Prefcott 459 Prefion 243 Prieftley, Dr. 254 Prieur 344 Prony 258 Profler, Dr. 64 Prouft 61 Pryce 16x Pye 453 Quincy 258 Rainsford 162 Rayner 561 Redefdale 65 Rees, Dr, Io2 Reichard 6% Reid, Dr. 156 Reinhard, Dr. 04 Rennel 452 . Repton 452 Reynell 453>459 Reynolds 5t> 458, 569 NOD BLS Rhodes “54 ‘Rice “4859 Richards 56r Richardfon, Dr. ¥5t Richardfon 209 Rick 48 Rider 248 Ries 63 Ring 358 Roberts, Dr. 58 Robertfon 259 Robinfon, R. 157 Robinfon, J. 161, 500 Robinfon, A. 225 Rotfcoe 511 Rofe gure: Rofs 54 Rouviere 459 Rowden 63 Rowley 453 Rowntree 347, 446 Rupert 163 Ruth, Or, 553 Rufhton 452 Roffel 15! Sachetti 160 Sahlftedt 561 Salmon 158 Saulez 458 Saunders, Dr. 57 Savage 64 Saxe 163 Scarpa 66 Schaffer 354 Scheller 66 Schelliag 259 Schiller 66, 352, at Schroeter Scott 3495 459 ie Selkirk, Earlof 65, 162 Sellius 35% Serrieys 254 Serrini 556 Seymour 560 Shannon, Dr. 357 Sharpe 341 Sharplefs 246 Shaw, Dr. 452 Shee 452 Shepherd Sit Sicklemore 358 Sieber 261 Singer 351 Singleton 423 Skieldebrand | 62 Sluiter 163 Smith, J. P. 109 Smith, L. F. 560 Smyth, Dr. 253,358 Snape 348 Snowden ee Southey 100 Spencer 159 Squire, Dr. 156 Stael 137, 3329 525 Standart 544 Starck 453 Stark 458 Steven 351 Stevens 153 Stewart 348, 459 St. John 53 459 Stock, Dr. 64 Stodart 53 Stodhard 257 Stower 162 Strutt 452 Suard 66 Sudjenkoft 261 Surr 255 Sweden, King of 353 Swift 245 Swinburne 59 Sylvefter 159,447 Targioni 160 Taunton 156,552 Taylor, Cr,C. 162 Taylor, Dr J. 254 Temple, Mrs. 58, 146 Thelwall 572 451 Thomas 253 Thompfon 160 Thornton, Dr. 349 Thornton,Col. 551 Throckmorton §51 Thynne, Dr. 154 Tielker 457 ‘Todd 408 Tooke 357 Topham 161 Toulmin, Dr. 231, 395 Toulmin, H. 519 Towntend 64 Trimmer, Mrs. ~§60 Trotter, Dr, 58 Turnbull 163, 552 ‘Turner 3579 55% Twifs 162 Utufof » Vahl 66 Valli, Dr. 354 Valpy, Dr. 297, 349 Van Mons 3545 454 26r Vaux . 258 Ventenat 353 Venuti 262 Viel 460 Villiers 553 Vince 558 Viner - 59 Vofs 354 Wagner 163 Wake 56% Wakefield 163 Walker 253 Walter 457 Ware 358 Warren 63 Watkins, Dr. 58, 357 Weber 161 Wedgwood 347 Wegener 454 Wellefley 452 Werner 62 Weft, Mrs. 65, 453, $5 Welt, J. s6r White 552 Wildenow 06 Wilkinfon 346 Witkinfon, S. 56x Williams 459 Wilfon, Dr. 64 Wilfon, J. 156 Winkelmann 554. Winkelmon 56r Witton 34.9 Witherby 346 Witte 355 Wolfe 554 Wollafton, Dr. 552 Wood 254 Wooll 256 Worthington 551 Wrangham 255 Wright 157 Wright, SirG. 846 Yates 561 Young, Dr. 57 Young, A 58 Young, S. 162 Young, Mrs, =. 256 Biographical IN DE X. S75 Biographical Memoirs of Remarkable Perfons deceafed. b Ev, Ge. ¥ Currie, Dr. 240 Holmes, Reve- Newton, Mrs, 47%@ n° & a Sicen, W. 275 rend Dr. .§81 Noverre, A. a36 Attiret, M. 93 Defpres, J. L. 93 Horfley, Mat- Parker, J. 7§ Avonmore, Lord 292 Dinwoody, W. 272 thew 577 Perron, A.Du gg Barry, Reverend Dogherty $73 Hulfe, R. 573 Peters, G. 375 ' Dr. 92 Down, Bifhop of 574 James, N. 475 Pintard, S. 587 Beresford, Right Eardley, Colonel 272 ferfey, Earlof 18% Pite, J 33 Hon. J. 536 Evanfon, E. 477 King, T. $70 Pownall, Gover- Beft, S. 373 Fairfield, C. 272 Kirwan, Dean 586 nor 182 Blaquiere, M. 270 Fordyce,Mrs. 476 Leighton, Sir T. 93 Rooke, General 38% Blight, J- 271 Frazer, H. 373 Le Mefurier, P. 571 Rupp, T.L, 280 Bond, R. 182 Garrand, Mrs. 377 Leffing 38 Smith, ‘T. $72 Boote, Mrs, 372 Garrow, Reverend Lickbarrow, J. 276 Street, Mrs. 584 Browne, Dr. 293 D. 76 Lowitz — 393 Symmons, C, 9$ Byrne, W. 373 Gloucefter, Duke M‘Cumming,B. 294 Tindall, J. 279 Byron, Dr. 186 of 180 Mafon, J. 379 Walangin, Dr. . Campbell, A. 92 Gough, C. 184 Merrill, J. 333 De 373 Clarke, W. 475 Gruber, G. 587 Moore, Mrs. 585 Walker, T. 489 Cochran, Juftice 587 Guglielmi 93 Necker 137, 333, White, J. N. 188 Crouch, Mrs. 372 Horwood, E. 581 525 Woodburn, W. 977 Cunningham, Re- Harrifon, Reve- Nelfon, Lord 431 Worfley, Sir R. -295 verend P. eg: 87 rend J. 235 é * Names of the Authors which oceur in the Supplement. ADAMS 595 Chateaubriant 644 Froiffart 593 Leith,SirG. 594 Adams, Dr. 604 Chedworth, Lord 617 “Gardiner 622 Lempriere, Dr. 60r . Allingham 616 Clarke, Dr. 602 Gartfide 613 Lee 620 Afligny 630 Clarke, Dr. J. 621 Gaude 653 Lefs, Dr. 598 Auger 632 .Clubbe 601 Giblin 648 Lewis 616 Aumont 642 Cockburn 597 Gilpin 599 Liverpool, Earl of Baldwin 621 Colman 6:6 Gorfe * 652 595 Barre 595 Conolly 616 Grancher 649 Logan 613 Barton, Dr. 624 Cook 605 Granger 617 Lordat 630 Beckford 610 Coxe 614 Gray 650 Luccock 608 Beltham 595 Coxe, Dr. 624 Green, Dr. 623 Lyttleton 656 Beresford 615 Croix, St. 623 Gudin 633 Macleod ‘Bog y Befenval 633 Danforth,Dr. 620 Hall, Dr. 599 Macpherfon 607 Biddulph . 599 Davy 6:8 Hamilton, Dr, 602 Malcolm 600 _ Blagdon 613° Dayes © 618 Harty, Dr. 603 Marmontel 634, Blomefield 601 Delille 652 Hay 60x Matthieu 643 Bone 597 Depon 622 WHaygarth, Dr. 603 Mawman 612 Boifgelin 644 Dibdin 616 Hayley 614 Michaux 630 Boulton 612 Douglas 613 Humphreys 626 Miller, Dr. 600, 621, Bourne, Dr. 603 Donnant 636 Hunter 596 62 Boyd 615 Drummond 617 Hunter, Mrs, 613 Milne 6rp Bradford 622 Duval 654. Inchbald 616 Milton 652 Breton 630 Dwight, Dr, 621 Innes 598 Mitchetl,Dr. 624, Brewfter 599 Eliot, Dr. 622 Jerningham 598 More, Mrs. 615 Britton 600 Ellis 614 Johns 601 Mortimer boy Brunnemark 616 Ellifton 616 Kendall 622 Mofely, Dr. 604 Buckminfter 623 Ely 622 Kerivalent 650 Munkhoufe, Dr. 599 Burgh 593 Emenard 650 Kinglake,Dr. 603 Nichols 593 Burton 598 Fabre 642 Knight 618 Oddy 608 Butler 599 Farrer 599 Kotzebue 610 Orme 594 Card 598 Fellowes 598 Laing 6:3 Ofgood, Dr. 62% Carleton 616 Fitzwilliam 6:4 Lathrop, Dr, 622 Owenion 616 Carlifle 613 Foix, St. 623 Lavater $98 Parkinfon 604 Carr 613 Frafer, Dr, (o5 Le Grice 599 Peacock 614 Picard te li a tie ee 676 Picard Picot Playfair Pryme Raboteau Ramfay, Dr. Rand, Dr. sab ’ Rennell Ring Robinfon Sfcoe- Rofe Rofmyn & « . 653 627 97 or 649 620 624. 598 601 604, 598 606 597 643 Rowley 605 Savory 615 Selkirk, Earl of 596 Serres 615 Sharp 598 Shee 614. Skrimfhire, Dr. 599 Smith, Dr. 599 Southcott 599 Spontini 654 Stark 606 Stewart 614 Stock, Dr. 603 Taylor Temple Thiebault Tobin Todd Tomline Trimmer Tuckerman Turnbull Turner Vincent, St. Waller Ware 603 616 641 616 617 60r 616 622 608 593 640 615 623 END on tie YWENTIETH VOLUME. Waterhoufe; Dr. - i 644 Watkins, Dr. Wellwood Whitaker Whitaker, Dr. Wildenow Willan, Dr. Wilfon, Dr. 606 599 | ~ §99 600 599 602 594 Worfley, Sir R. Yates Young ‘+ 612 63 *,* The Twenty Volumes of this Magazine may be had complete of Mr. Puituies, and of all Booksellers, price Twelve Pounds half- bound ; or any single Volume or Numoer mae be had ai the pleasure of the purchaser. Communications are thankfully received, and are requested to be addressed as usual, free of DUNE: to Mr. Phillips, No.6, Bridges street, Blase ers) a “) Printed by J. Aptarp, Duke-ftreet, Smithfield, fete tet oe NST eet At 5T; yey, f rr a uh tetetetes: Tote Tats) sts ME i i Spiitaoaee Ge agate 7, t 74 Ty : br ae ee eee ces: st 3 rai. * i Site tettee ri Me y sie. rlrentarsstatarerer pete ante set ait eee oti pisses Bs 25f, the prety Set t eee T. a Ets eteretatet ie r T. , tS aiakets y Thy. 3 7, Hs pt 4 ts eae we er Hirt capes ¢ att 7 cer G att ie te sfotatethnrt